ARY BULLETINS OF THE State Geological and Natural History Survey of Connecticut. i. First Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1903- 1904. 2. A Preliminary Report on the Protozoa of the Fresh Waters of Connecticut: by Herbert William Conn. (Out of print. To be obtained only in Vol. 1, including Bulletins 1-5.) 3. A Preliminary Report on the Hymeniales of Connecticut: by Edward Albert White. 4. The Clays and Clay Industries of Connecticut : by Gerald Francis Loughlin. 5. The Ustilaginese, or Smuts, of Connecticut: by George Perkins Clinton. 6. Manual of the Geology of Connecticut: by William North Rice and Herbert Ernest Gregory. 7. Preliminary Geological Map of Connecticut: by Herbert Ernest Gregory and Henry Hollister Robinson. 8. Bibliography of Connecticut Geology: by Herbert Ernest Gregory. 9. Second Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1905- 1906. 10. A Preliminary Report on the Algae of the Fresh Waters of Connecticut: by Herbert William Conn and Lucia Washburn (Hazen) Webster. 11. The Bryophytes of Connecticut: by Alexander William Evans and George Elwood Nichols. 12. Third Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1907-1908. 13. The Lithology of Connecticut: by Joseph Barrell and Gerald Francis Loughlin. 14- Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Con- necticut growing without cultivation : by a Committee of the Con- necticut Botanical Society. 15. Second Report on the Hymeniales of Connecticut: by Edward Albert White. 16. Guide to the Insects of Connecticut : prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton. Part I. General Introduc- tion: by Wilton Everett Britton. Part II. The Euplexoptera and Orthoptera of Connecticut: by Benjamin Hovey Walden. 17. Fourth Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1909-1910. 18. Triassic Fishes of Connecticut: by Charles Rochester Eastman. 19. Echinoderms of Connecticut : by Wesley Roscoe Coe. 20. The Birds of Connecticut : by John Hall Sage and Louis Bennett Bishop, assisted by Walter Parks Bliss. 21. Fifth Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1911-1912. 22. Guide to the Insects of Connecticut : prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton. Part III. The Hymen- optera, or Wasp-like Insects, of Connecticut: by Henry Lorenz Viereck, with the collaboration of Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, Charles Thomas Braes, William Morton Wheeler, and Sievert Allen Rohwer. 23. Central Connecticut in the Geologic Past: by Joseph Barrell. 24. Triassic Life of the Connecticut Valley: by Richard Swann Lull. 25. Sixth Biennial Report of the Commissioners of the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1913-1914. Bulletins 1, 9, 12, 17, 21, and 25 are merely administrative reports containing no scientific matter. The other bulletins may be classified as follows : Geology: Bulletins 4, 6, 7, 8, 13, 18, 23, 24. Botany: Bulletins 3, 5, 10, 11, 14, 15. Zoology: Bulletins 2, 16, 19, 20, 22. These bulletins are sold and otherwise distributed by the State Librarian. Postage, when bulletins are sent by mail, is as follows: No. 1, $0.01'; No. 3, .08; No. 4, .06; No. 5, .03; No. 6, .12; No. 7, .06; No. 8, .05; No. 9, .02; No. 10, .08; No. 11, .07; No. 12, .02) No. 13, .08; No. 14, .16; No. 15, .06; No. 16, .07; No. 17, .02 ; No. 18, .07 ; No. 19, .08 ; No. 20, .14 ; No. 21, .02 ; No. 22. .08; No. 23, .03; No. 24, .10; No. 25, .02. The prices when the bulletins are sold are as follows (including postage) : No. 1, $0.05; No. 3, .40; No. 4, .30; No. 5, .15; No. 6, .50; No. 7, .60; No. 8, .20; No. 9, .05; No. 10, .35; No. 11, .30; No. 12, .05; No. 13, .40; No. 14, .75; No. 15, .35; No. 16, .35; No. 17, .05; No. 18, .25; No. .19, .45; No. 20, .50; No. 21, .05; No. 22, $2.00; No. 23, .15; No. 24, .65; No. 25, .05. Bulletins 1-5 are bound as Volume I. The price of this Volume is $1.50. Bulletins 6-12 are bound as Volume II. The price is S2.45. Bulletins 13-15 are bound as Volume III. The price is $2.50. Bulletins 16-21 are bound as Volume IV. The price is $2.15. Bulletin 22 is bound as Volume V. The price is $2.25. It is intended to follow a liberal policy in gratuitously dis- tributing these publications to public libraries, colleges, and scientific institutions, and to scientific men, teachers, and others who require particular bulletins for their work, especially to those who are citizens of Connecticut. Applications or inquiries should be addressed to George S. Godard, State Librarian, Hartford, Conn. In addition to the bulletins above named, published by the State survey, attention is called to three publications of the United States Geological Survey prepared in co-operation with the Geological and Natural Survey of Connecticut. These are the following: Bulletin 484. The Granites of Connecticut : by T. Nelson Dale and Herbert E. Gregory. Water-Supply Paper 374. Ground Water in the Hartford, Stamford, Salisbury, Willimantic and Saybrook Areas, Connecticut: by Herbert E. Gregory and Arthur J. Ellis. Water-Supply Paper 397. Ground Water in the Waterbury Area, Connecticut : by Arthur J. Ellis, under the direc- tion of Herbert E. Gregory. These papers may be obtained from the Director of the United States Geological Survey at Washington. CATALOGUE SLIPS. Connecticut. State geological and natural history survey. Bulletin no. 22. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direction of W. E. Britton. Part III. The hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects, of Connecticut. By H. L. Viereck, with the collaboration of A. D. MacGillivray, C. T. Brues, W. M. Wheeler, and S. A. Rohwer. 824 pp., 10 pis., 15 figs., 23"°. Brittony Wilton Everett. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton. Part III. The hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects, of Connecticut. By Henry Lorenz Viereck, with the collaboration of Alex- ander Dyer MacGillivray, Charles Thomas Brues, William Morton Wheeler, and Sievert Allen Rohwer. 824 pp. , 10 pis. , 15 figs. , 23cm. (Bulletin no. 22, Connecticut geological and natural history survey. ) CATALOGUE SLIPS. Viereck, Henry Lorenz. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton. Part III. The hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects, of Connecticut. By Henry Lorenz Viereck, with the collaboration of Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, Charles Thomas Brues, William Morton Wheeler, and Sievert Allen Rohwer. 824 pp., 10 pis., 15 figs., 23tm. ( Bulletin no. 22, Connecticut geological and natural history survey. ) MacGillivray, Alexander Dyer. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton. Part III. The hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects, of Connecticut. By Henry Lorenz Viereck, with the collaboration of Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, Charles Thomas Brues, William Morton Wheeler, and Sievert Allen Rohwer. 824 pp., 10 pis., 15 figs., 23om. (Bulletin no. 22, Connecticut geological and natural history survey. ) CATALOGUE SLIPS. Brues, Charles Thomas. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton. Part III. The hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects, of Connecticut. By Henry Lorenz Viereck, with the collaboration of Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, Charles Thomas Brues, William Morton Wheeler, and Sievert Allen Rohwer. 824 pp., 10 pis., 15 figs., 23cm. (Bulletin no. 22, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Wheeler, William Morton. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton. Part III. The hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects, of Connecticut. By Henry Lorenz Viereck, with the collaboration of Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, Charles Thomas Brues, William Morton Wheeler, and Sievert Allen Rohwer. 824 pp., 10 pis., 15 figs., 23cm. (Bulletin no. 22, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) CATALOGUEfSLIPS. Rohwer, Sievert Allen. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direction of Wilton Everett Britton. Part III. The hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects, of Connecticut. By Henry Lorenz Viereck, with the collaboration of Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, Charles Thomas Brues, William Morton Wheeler, aud Sievert Allen Rohwer. ' 824 pp., 10 pis., 15 figs., 23cm. (Bulletin no. 22, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) Zoology. Britton, W. E., Viereck, H. L., MacGillivrav, A. D., Brues, C. T., Wheeler, W. M., and Rohwer, S. A. Guide to the insects of Connecticut. Prepared under the direc- tion of W. E. Britton. Part III. The hymenoptera, or wasp-like insects, of Connecticut. By H. L. Viereck, with the collaboration of A. D. MacGillivray, C. T. Brues, W. M. Wheeler, and S. A. Rohwer. 824 pp., 10 pis., 15 figs., 23cm. (Bulletin no. 22, Connecticut geological and natural history survey.) JS>lal* of ©ormeciicwi PUBLIC DOCUMENT No. 47 State Geological and Natural History Survey COMMISSIONERS Marcus Hensey Holcomb, Governor of Connecticut (Chairman) Arthur Twining Hadley, President of Yale University William Arnold Shanklin, President of Wesleyan University Flavel Sweeten Luther, President of Trinity College (Secretary) Charles Lewis Beach, President of Connecticut Agricultural College Frederick Henry Sykes, President of Connecticut College for Women SUPERINTENDENT William North Rice Bulletin No. 22 HARTFORD Printed for the State Geological and Natural History Survey 1916 Publication Approved by The Boabd of Control THI CAtE. LOCKWOOD » BRAINAR [> CO HARTFORD. COHN. GUIDE TO THE Insects of Connecticut PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF WILTON EVERETT BRITTON, Ph.D., State Entomologist, and Entomologist of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station PART III The Hymenoptera, or Wasp-like Insects, of Connecticut By HENRY LORENZ VIERECK, Assistant Biologist, U. S. Biological Survey WITH THE COLLABORATION OF Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, Ph. D., Associate Professor of Systematic Entomology , University of Illinois Charles Thomas Brues, M. S., Instructor in Economic Entomology \ Bussey Institution, Harvard University William Morton Wheeler, Ph. D., Professor of Economic Entomology, Bussey Institution, Harvard University Sievert Allen Rohwer, Specialist in Forest Hymenoptera, U. S. Bureau of Entomology HARTFORD Printed for the State Geological and Natural History Survey 1916 CONTENTS Introduction .... Page 9 Superfamily Tenthredinoidea 25 ICHNEUMONOIDEA 176 " Cynipoidea . 361 " Chalcidoidea • 443 Serphoidea • 529 FORMICOIDEA . 577 " Chrysidoidea 602 Vespoidea . 606 Sphecoidea . 645 " Apoidea . . 698 Appendix . 761 Index to Plant Hosts . • 779 Index to Insect Hosts . ■ 783 Index to Hymenoptera ■ 790 ILLUSTRATIONS PLATES Plate I. Hymenopterous Larvae. 1. Crcesus latitarsus Nort., on birch. 2. Giant Sawfly, Cimbex americana Leach. 3. A Sawfly larva, possibly (Pteronus) Pteronidea ventrahs Say, feeding on willow. 4. Tomostethus (Monophadnus) bardus Say, on ash. 5. Peach Sawfly, Pamphilius persicus MacG. Plate II. 1. Nest of White-faced Hornet (Vespa) Vespula maculata Linn. 2. Nest of Common Wasp, Polistes pallipes LePel. Plate III. Nest of Common Yellow-jacket (Vespa) Vespula diabolica Sauss. Plate IV. 1. Nest of Odynerus birenimaculatus Sauss. 2. Nest of Potter Wasp, Eumenes fraterna Say. 3. Nest of Mud-dauber, Sceliphron cementarius Drury. Plate V. Nest of Formica exsectoides Forel, a common Ant. Plate VI. Galls formed by Hymenopterous Insects. 1. Blackberry Seed Gall, Diastrophus cuscutceformis O. S. 2. Knot Gall, Diastrophus nebulosus O. S. 3. Mealy Rose Gall, Rhodites ignotus O. S. 4. Oak Bullet Gall, Holcaspis globulus Fitch. 5. Mossy Rose Gall, Rhodites rosce Linn. Plate VII. 1. Cocoons of Apanteles (Protapanteles) congregatus Say, on young Tobacco Worm. 2. Cocoons of a Microgasterine, the host of Pezomachus minimus Walsh, on apple twig. 3. Cocoons of a Microgasterine, Apanteles {Protapanteles) glomeratus (Linn.), a parasite of the Cabbage Worm. Plate VIII. 1. Peach Sawfly, Pamphilius persicus MacG. 2. Pigeon Horntail, Tremex columba Linn, (female). 3. Pigeon Horntail, Tremex columba Linn. (male). 4. Elis quinquecincta Fabr. 5. Potter Wasp, Eumenes fraterna Say. 6. Giant Sawflv, Cimbex americana Leach. Hymenoptera of Connecticut 7 7. Chlorion {Ammobia) ichneumoneum Linn. 8. Common Wasp, Polistes pallipes LePel. 9. Chlorion {Ammobia) pennsylvanicum Linn. 10. European Giant Hornet, Vespa crabro Linn. 11. Mutilla ferrugata Fabr. 12. Large Velvet Ant, Mutilla occidentalis Linn. 13. Common Yellow-jacket {Vespa) Vespula diabolica Sauss. 14. Mud Wasp, Chalybion ccsruleum (Linn.). 15. Giant Digger Wasp, Sphecius speciosus Drury. 16. White-faced Hornet {Vespa) Vespula maculata Linn. Plate IX. 1. Pelecinus polyturator Drury (female). 2. {Ichneumon) Amblyteles comes Cresson. 3. Meniscus superbus Prov. 4. Lunate Long-sting {Thalessa) Megarhyssa lunator (Fabr.) (male). 5. Black Long-sting {Thalessa) Megarhyssa atrata (Fabr.) (female). 6. Black Long-sting {Thalessa) Megarhyssa atrata (Fabr.) (male). 7. Ophion {Allocamptus) macrurus Linn. 8. Trogus vulpinus Gravenhorst. 9. Paniscus geminatus Say. 10. {Pimpla) Itoplectis marginata (Prov.). 11. Heteropelma Uavicorne Brulle. Plate X. 1. Megachile {Xanthosarus) latimana Say. 2. Carpenter Bee, Xylocopa virginica Drury. 3. Honey Bee, Apis mellifera Linn. 4. Bembex spinolce LePel. 5. Bumblebee, {Bombus) Br emus pennsylvanicus Degeer (female). 6. Xenoglossa {Peponapis) pruinosa Say. 7. Halictus lerouxi LePel. 8. Bumblebee, {Bombus) Bremus terricola Kirby (female). 9. Halictus {Agapostemon) virescens Fabr. 10. Andrena solidaginis Robt. 11. Bumblebee, {Bombus) Bremus impatiens Harr. (female). 12. Andrena vicina Sm. 13. Carpenter Ant, Camponotus pennsylvanicus Degeer (winged form). 14. Carpenter Ant, Camponotus pennsylvanicus Degeer (wingless form). 15. Chrysis {Tetrachrysis) ccerulans Fabr. TEXT FIGURES Pasre 1. Pteronidea ribesi — diagram of external anatomy 20 2. Therion morio — diagrams of head and thorax ; Ichneumonoidea — diagram of thorax ... 24 3. Pteronidea ribesi — eggs ..... 135 4. Pteronidea ribesi — partially grown larvae . . 135 5. Pteronidea ribesi — fully grown larva . . . 135 6. Pteronidea ribesi — cocoons . . . . 135 7. Pteronidea ribesi — adult female .... 135 8. Amblyteles centrator — diagram of external anatomy 177 9. Exochus propinquus . . . . . . 307 10. Diastrophus nebulosus — diagram of external anatomy ....... 362 11. Phasgonophora sulcata — diagram of external anatomy ........ 443 12. Syntomaspis — diagram of thorax .... 444 13. Serphus caudatus — diagram of external anatomy 529 14. Chlorion (Ammobia) ichneumoneum — diagram of external anatomy ...... 646 15. Chlorion (Ammobia) ichneumoneum — diagram of thorax 649 The Hymenoptera, or Wasp-like Insects of Connecticut. INTRODUCTION. To ask or search I blame thee not; for Nature Is as the book of God before thee set, Wherein to read his wondrous works : But what created mind can comprehend Their number, or the wisdom infinite That brought them forth, but hid their causes deep? Milton. The order Hymenoptera includes all of those insects which, with few exceptions, have four membranous wings that are few- celled, without scales, and usually transparent or translucent. The name of this order comes from the Greek hymen, a mem- brane, and pteron, a wing. As is well known, insects outnumber all other creatures, and most authorities on this subject claim that the Hymenoptera form the largest and most specialized order. One need only call to mind the complex habits of the ants, wasps, and bees to realize that the psychological development is of a higher order in these insects than in any others. The greatest diversity in form and habit exists, so that no one species is sufficient to illustrate the entire order, which is best illustrated by the use of types of the different major subdivisions, such as sawflies, horntails, four-winged parasitic or Ichneumon flies, four-winged gall-flies, Chalcis flies, Serphus or Proc- totrypoid flies, ants, wasps, and bees. The life cycle consists of egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The eggs are easily recognized as such; the larva is usually maggot- like, without legs, and is dependent upon the parent for food. In the more primitive Hymenoptera, the sawflies and horntails, 9 10 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. the larva has legs, and resembles a caterpillar even to the habit of providing food for itself. The pupa is comparable with the chrysalis stage in butterflies. The stages in the life of the im- ported Currant Worm (Pteronidea ribesi) are shown in Figs. 3-7. Two of the most striking peculiarities of the Hymenoptera are that the front wings are held to the hind wings by a series of hooks on the front edge of the hind wings that fit into a fold on the hind margin of the front wings ; and that as a rule the seeming hind segment of the thorax, erroneously called the meta- thorax, is in reality the first segment of the abdomen transferred to and fused with the real hind segment of the thorax so as to appear as part of the thorax. Other peculiarities are the inconstant number of joints in the feelers or antennae in the sawflies, horntails, Ichneumon flies, four-winged gall-flies, Chalcis flies, Serphus flies, and ants, as compared with the wasps and bees, in which the male and female, almost without exception, have thirteen and twelve joints re- spectively. Moreover, in the wasps and bees there are usually six abdominal segments in the female and seven in the male, which is not the rule in all the other groups. In the sawflies the female is provided with two saw-like appendages at the tip of the abdomen. These are used in making slits into the plant preparatory to laying eggs. The female horntail has the tip of the abdomen developed into a boring apparatus used in laying its eggs. The female of the Ichneumon flies has an egg-laying tube supported on each side by an appendage, usually of the same length as the tube. This arrangement enables the insect to pierce substances and deposit its eggs to a depth that is in some species greater than the length of the abdomen. The female of the four-winged gall-fly, Chalcis fly, and Serphus fly, is equip- ped in much the same way as the preceding except that the ovi- positor is more commonly shorter or entirely hidden. In the ants a sting begins to show in the females and workers, while in the wasps and bees both female and worker are supplied with a sting at the tip of the abdomen. This sting is connected with a poison gland, and, when exercised by a species 10 mm. or more in length, is capable of inflicting a painful and sometimes severe wound. The poison, however, can be counteracted by the prompt adminis- tration of the chemical antidote, ammonia water. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. II Still other peculiarities will be noted under the different head- ings to follow. The purpose of this treatise is primarily to present a ready means for determining insects belonging to the Hymenoptera, along with such cardinal facts as will leave no doubt as to the desirability of becoming familiar with the order as a whole, and more especially with those forms that are beneficial to us and the few kinds that we call injurious. From the earliest times bees and wasps have aroused the curiosity and interest of their observers, and even Virgil showed in verse what he thought were the steps of development from putrid bullocks to bees. Since those times increasing attention has been given to these marvels of nature ; and, though they are not yet receiving the investigation due them on account of their relation to our welfare, and vast stores of economic knowledge remain to be gathered by the scientist, enough has been learned to convince any one of the utility of advancing our knowledge in these paths of research. Ichneumon flies, Chalcis flies, and Serphus flies are of great importance, because they are parasitic upon other insects, few species being known to be exempt from their attack. Eggs of dragon-flies, mantids, and many other insects are attacked, and caterpillars, from the smallest to the largest and most formidable- looking, as well as pupae. The tussock moth that devastates our shade trees has at least seventeen kinds of these parasitic four- winged flies attacking it and checking its ravages. Some idea of the immense value of these natural checks can be gleaned from contemplating the mathematically precise calculation made by Professor Huxley on the prolific aphids or plant-lice which, if it were not for the hymenopterous parasites and other agencies, might destroy every green thing that grows. Professor Huxley has shown that the tenth generation of the progeny of a single aphis alone, exclusive of the preceding generations, would make more substance than is contained in 500,000,000 stout men, each man weighing about 280 pounds or 130 kilograms, or perhaps more than is contained in the total population of China. The percentage of the individuals of the host affected by a given parasite varies considerably, ranging from only a few per cent, to as high as g?y2 per cent., as shown by United States 12 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Entomologist Dr. L. O. Howard in a paper on " A Case of Ex- cessive Parasitism." The parasite in this case attacked an in- jurious scale insect {Lecanium iietcheri), and in practically one week this large percentage of offspring issued, probably from a single mother. From this brief survey of the interesting phases of insect parasites, the possibilities of breeding them on a large scale and liberating them to attack our insect foes must be ap- parent. It is highly probable that man can successfully employ these minute friends, whose whole ambition in life is to para- sitize and thus destroy their hosts. Let us hope that the day is not far distant when the insectaries for fehe breeding of our in- sect friends will vie with the sericulture and apiculture insectaries, and be entitled to the respect now enjoyed by the vaccine, anti- toxin, and other serum laboratories throughout our country. The work of many bees is also of immense economic im- portance, in that they pollinate flowers, and thus cause the set- ting of fruit which could in no other way be effected, for cer- tain plants are entirely dependent for fertilization upon certain bee visitors, which alone carry the pollen or fertilizing agent from the male to the female portion of the plant as they go from flower to flower in search of nectar and pollen for their own ends. Then, too, there is the profitable industry of apiculture built upon the fact that the honey-bee {Apis mellifera), introduced from Europe, stores up a much greater quantity of honey than is used by the colony in the hive. Through the successful manipu- lation of these honey-bees alone, substances of economic im- portance are being put on the market. Information about the honey-bees can be found in every library, and interesting books on this species alone can be had almost anywhere. Aside from the field of economic science that these insects offer, there is another broad field of observation that has proven of interest to people in all walks of life. This is the study of the habits of ants, wasps, and bees, both as to the homes they make and as to their relations to plants. Temperature, moisture, and soil are the more important fac- tors that govern the distribution of plants ; hence the same phe- nomena directly and indirectly influence the distribution of in- sects, and furnish a basis for the study of the geographical dis- tribution of animal life. According to C. Hart Merriam's map, NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 13 reproduced in Part I of this work,* the state of Connecticut is chiefly in the areas designated respectively as Alleghanian, or Hu- mid Transition, possessed of vegetation and animals such as pre- vail in New York, Massachusetts, Rhode Island,, and similar reg- ions ; and Carolinian, or Humid Upper Austral, possessed of veg- etation and animals such as prevail in southern New Jersey. The latter area includes only the coastal margin of the state and the region extending for some distance up the valleys of the rivers. Besides these, there is in the more elevated northern sections of the state a touch of Canadian life, which is to be found at its best where the spruce tree flourishes. The distribution of the different species in the following pages is in some cases given in the above terms for the sake of brevity. Finally, the succeeding pages are fin endeavor to present to the people of Connecticut the ants, wasps, bees, etc., or Hymen- optera of their state, in such a way that those who so desire may find out the name of any species so far known to occur in the state and such facts about the same as are of general interest. It must be remembered that this is the first attempt along these lines ; and, considering that every day's systematic collecting in the state is almost sure to reveal a species new to the state, and quite likely to furnish a species entirely new to science, the short- comings of this treatise are certainly inevitable. It is to be hoped that this treatise will stimulate an interest in these insects that will accomplish what is still to be done. Most of the species considered were first placed on record for Connecticut by Norton, de Saussure, Bassett, Cresson, and Pat- ton, all pioneers of entomology in America. Since these men gave their attention to Connecticut Hymenoptera, Wheeler, Ash- mead, Brues, and others have added to our knowledge. This introduction would be incomplete if no reference were made to certain of these investigators who have made Connecti- cut famous in the annals of their respective departments. Mr. H. F. Bassett specialized on the four-winged gall-flies as a recreation after his work as librarian in Waterbury, and made his town, as well as other localities in the state, the type localities of numerous species. Mr. Edward Norton, a dairyman and cattle-raiser of •Bull. No. 16, p. 21. 14 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Farmington, very modestly made the study of the sawflies, four- winged parasitic flies, and cuckoo or gold wasps his recreation, and found many new species in the state. He furnished ma- terial to Mr. E. T. Cresson, the Philadelphia insurance expert and hymenopterist, and to Henri de Saussure, the great Swiss naturalist. The contributions made to the knowledge of Con- necticut insects by these men were important, and were based chiefly upon material collected by Mr. Norton, who also trans- lated and edited de Saussure's " Synopsis of American Wasps." Professor W. M. Wheeler, Professor of Economic Entomology, Harvard University, a prominent zoologist and an eminent student of ants, has made some of his remarkable investigations on the habits of ants at his summer home in Colebrook. Several type localities in the state have resulted from his studies. The best collections of Connecticut Hymenoptera now in ex- istence are that of the American Entomological Society at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, which contains types and paratypes of the species described from Connecticut by Norton, Cresson, and Bassett; and that of the Connecticut Agri- cultural Experiment Station, New Haven, where types of sev- eral of the recently described species may be found. Other material containing some types may be found at the United States National Museum, Washington, D. C. ; the American Mu- seum of Natural History, New York City ; the Peabody Museum of Yale University, New Haven; the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass. ; and the Museum of the Boston So- ciety of Natural History. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. Thanks should here be expressed to Doctors L. O. Howard and W. H. Ashmead, Mr. J. C. Crawford, and Mr. S. A. Rohwer of the Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. ; Mr. J. H. Lovell, Waldoboro, Me. ; Professor William Morton Wheeler, and Mr. C. T. Brues, Bussey Institu- tion, Harvard University, Boston, Mass.; Professor H. T. Fer- nald and Mr. H. J. Franklin, Massachusetts Agricultural Col- lege, Amherst, Mass. ; and Professor Alexander D. MacGillivray, University of Illinois, Urbana, 111., all of whom have aided by No. 22.~\ HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 15 determining material. Some of these specialists have prepared portions of this paper, and are given credit in connection with their work, as follows : Professor A. D. MacGillivray, Superfamily Tenthredinoidea ; Professor W. M. Wheeler, Superfamily Formicoidea. Mr. C. T. Brues, Superfamily Serphoidea or Proctotrypoidea, and Families Cosilidge and Bethylidae of the Superfamily Vespoidea ; Mr. S. A. Rohwer, Superfamilies Sphecoidea and Vespoidea (excepting groups in these superfamilies otherwise credited). In the succeeding pages, wherever a species is known to have been originally described from Connecticut it is preceded by a *. The species preceded by a ° are those whose known distribution and habits indicate their probable presence in the state, though not yet collected. BIBLIOGRAPHY. For a more detailed account of the Hymenoptera than can be given here the reader is referred to the following publications, which can be found at most book stores or in public libraries : Entomology with special reference to its Biological and Economic As- pects. J. W. Folsom. vii + 485 pages, 5 plates, 300 figures. P. Blakiston's Sons & Co., Philadelphia, 1906. Second edition, 1913. A Manual for the Study of Insects. J. H. and A. B. Comstock, vii + 701 pages, 6 plates, 797 figures. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, N. Y., 1905. The Insect Book. L. O. Howard, xxvii + 429 pages, 48 plates, 264 figures. Doubleday, Page & Co., New York. 1901. American Insects. V. L. Kellogg, vii + 764 pages, 13 plates, 812 figures. Henry Holt & Co., New York, 1905. The Elements of Insect Anatomy. J. H. Comstock and V. L. Kel- logg. Revised edition. 134 pages, 11 figures. Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, N. Y., 1899. Bees and Bee-Keeping. F. R. Cheshire. 2 volumes. Volume I, vii + 336 pages, 8 plates, 71 figures; volume II, 652 pages, 127 figures, 1 plate. L. Upcott Gill, London, 1886. Wasps, Social and Solitary. G. W. and E. G. Peckham. xiv + 311 pages, illustrated. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston and New York, 1905. Pinacographia. S. C. Snellen van Vollenhoven. Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, Holland, 1880. Schetsen. S. C. Snellen van Vollenhoven. Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, Holland, 1868. i6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. In addition to the works mentioned above, the reader is referred to the following publications issued by institutions and societies. These are not usually available at book stores, but can sometimes be procured from second-hand dealers, and may be found in the larger libraries. The first two are bibliographies, and contain a great many references to important papers on the Hymenoptera. A list of Works on North American Entomology. N. Banks. U. S. Department Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Bull. No. 81. 120 pages. Washington, 1910. Bibliography of the More Important Contributions to American Eco- nomic Entomology. S. Henshaw and N. Banks. 8 Parts. 1318 pages. Washington, 1889-1905. A Study of Insect Parasitism. L. O. Howard. U. S. Department Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Technical Series, Bull. No. 15. 57 pages, 24 figures. Washington. The Economic Status of Insects as a Class. L. O. Howard. Science, Vol. 9 (N. S.), pages 233-247, 1809. Life Zones and Crop Zones of the United States. C. H. Merriam. U. S. Department Agriculture, Biological Survey, Bull. No. 10. 559 pages, map. Washington, 1898. Index to the Known Fossil Insects of the World, including Myriapods and Arachnids. S. H. Scudder. U. S. Geological Survey, Bull. No. 71. 744 pages. Washington, 1891. Synopsis of the Families and Genera of the Hymenoptera of America, North of Mexico. E. T. Cresson. vi + 350 pages. American Entomological Society, Philadelphia, 1887. Synopsis of American Wasps. Henri de Saussure. xxxv + 385 pages, 4 plates. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, 1875. A Monograph of the North American Proctotrypidse. W. H. Ash- mead. U. S. National Museum, Bull. No. 45. 472 pages, 18 plates. Washington, 1893. Classification of the Ichneumon Flies or the Superfamily Ichneumo- noidea. W. H. Ashmead. Proc. U. S. National Museum, Vol. 23. viii + 220 pages. Washington, 1900. Insects Collected from the Flowers of Fruit Trees and Plants. W. E. Britton and Henry L. Viereck. Report of Connecticut Agricul- tural Experiment Station, pages 207-224. New Haven, Conn., 1905. Directions for Collecting and Preserving Insects. U. S. National Museum, Bull. No. 67. xiii + 135 pages. Washington, 1909. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. IJ EXPLANATION OF COLLECTORS' INITIALS. H. F. B. — H. F. Bassett, Waterbury. A librarian who was also a specialist on the four-winged gall-flies. He described many new species, and was the author of many published papers. Died June 28, 1902. W. E. B.— W. E. Britton, New Ha.ven. State Entomologist, and Entomologist of the Agricultural Experiment Station. The author of a number of papers on Connecticut insects. Has collected in nearly all parts of the state. P. L. B. — P. L. Buttrick, New Haven. Employed temporarily to collect and mount insects at the Agricultural Experiment Station. Collected around New Haven. A. B. C. — Alfred B. Champlain. For a year and a half Assist- ant in Entomology, Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven. Is a specialist on Coleoptera, family Carabidae, but has collected in other orders, in various sections of the state, particularly around New Haven and at Lyme. S. N. D. — S. N. Dunning, Hartford. A lawyer who has also been a student of the bees and wasps. Most of his collect- ing was done near Hartford. E. J. S. M. — E. J. S. Moore, New Haven. A student em- ployed temporarily as assistant in the entomological depart- ment of the Agricultural Experiment Station. Collected chiefly around New Haven. E. N. — Edward Norton, Farmington. A student of the saw- flies, describing many new species and publishing a large number of papers. Died April 8, 1894. W. H. P.— William H. Patton, Hartford and Waterbury. Formerly gave much attention to the Hymenoptera, and is the author of many papers. Has collected in different parts of the state. A. E. V. — Addison E. Verrill, New Haven. Professor of Zo- ology in Yale University. Has collected insects in various portions of the state, but chiefly around New Haven and at the Thimble Islands. H. L. V. — Henry L. Viereck, Philadelphia. For more than a year Assistant in Entomology at the Agricultural Experi- ment Station at New Haven. Is the author of this and many 2 l8 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. other papers on the Hymenoptera. Has collected in nearly all sections of the state, but more especially around New Haven and along the shore. B. H. W. — B. H. Walden, New Haven. Assistant in Ento- mology at the Agricultural Experiment Station. Author of ' The Orthoptera of Connecticut." Has collected in nearly all parts of the state. W. M. W. — William Morton Wheeler, Boston. Professor of Economic Entomology, Harvard University. A specialist on the ants. Has a summer home at Colebrook, Conn., and has made collections in the northern part of the state. Prof. Wheeler is the author of the Formicidse in this bulletin. H. W. W — Henry W. Winkley, Branf ord. Rector of the Epis- copal Church in Branford for several years. Collecting was done mostly around Branford. STATISTICS. Statistics of the Connecticut Hymenoptera as given in this paper, including the appendix, are as follows : Number of Families. Number of Genera Nu'mber of Listed. species and varieties Recorded Originally from described Conn. from Conn. Tenthredinoidea 7 ii3 533 196 60 Ichneumonoidea 16 179 728 374 205 Cynipoidea 3 26 149 85 56 Chalcidoidea 20 96 228 26 6 Serphoidea 8 67 l8l 23 4 Formicoidea I 20 66 62 0 Chrysidoidea I 6 20 8 1 Vespoidea 10 53 143 92 11 Sphecoidea 4 39 132 81 2 Apoidea 16 35 231 155 21 S6 634 24 1 1 1 102 366 Six new subgenera and one-hundred and twenty-six new species and varieties, mostly in the superfamily Ichneumonoidea, are de- scribed in this paper. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 19 PARTS OF THE HYMENOPTERA EMPLOYED IN THE DESCRIPTION OF THE MEMBERS OF THIS ORDER. Original diagrammatic drawings of representative species of the Hymenoptera, with the more important parts used in the classification of this order named thereon, are made use of in this work for the purpose of graphically presenting to the reader what it is believed could be but insufficiently expressed in the best word pictures of the same. Of these drawings it needs to be said that the one of Ptero- nidea ribesi (Fig. i), as well as those of the head and abdominal sockets of Exochilum morio (Fig. 2), will be of use in the work- ing out of the meaning of the descriptions of any of the Hymenop- tera, but especially with reference to the Tenthredinoidea ; and that the drawing of Chlorion (Ammobia) ichneumoneum (Fig. 14) also serves a double purpose in that it graphically shows what parts are meant by many of the terms used in the elucidation of the differences between species, etc., in the Hymenoptera, but especially with reference to the Formicidae or Formicoidea, Vespoidea, Sphecoidea, and Apoidea. Parts peculiar to the other superfamilies, namely, the Ichneu- monoidea, Chalcidoidea, and Serphoidea or Proctotrypoidea, are illustrated respectively by the drawings of the following: Ichneumon centrator, Diastrophus nebulosus, Phasgonophora sulcata, and (Proctotrypes) Serphus caudatus. The names of the parts in the different drawings have been arranged so that the parts themselves might not be obscured by the appellations ; thus, the names of the veins are given in con- nection with the wings of the right side of the body, and the names of the cells with the wings of the left side of the body, etc. According to the latest nomenclature, the veins and cells of the wings have names different from those formerly used ; hence the names of the old system, which are printed in the dia- grams, together with their equivalents in the new or Comstock- Needham system, are given for comparison in parallel columns.* *For the statement of the Comstock-Needham nomenclature, in the Tenthredinoidea, the writer is indebted to Professor A. D. MacGillivray ; in the other superfamilies, to Dr. J. Chester Bradley, 20 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. & ^'1 i "--f?2ft • • . M — R4+5 + M, Subdiscal . • . . m and M2 First transverse cubital . M Second " a . R, First recurrent . , . Medio-cubital cross-vein (;;;-cw) Second " Cells • Transverse part of Ms Cells Costal . . C + Sc, Subcostal . a . M Median « Ms + Cu + Cui Lanceolate . , ist A Anal , . 2d A + 3d A Radial . . Ri+2 First cubital . . R ~r R4+5 Second " m . Ra Lower discal . B M« + ISt Ma First posterior , . Mi Second " • • i 2d M2 HYMENOPTERA. Key to Superfamilies. A deep constriction at the base of the first abdominal seg- ment,* conspicuously separating the abdomen from the thorax No marked constriction at the base of the abdomen, the thorax and anterior abdominal segments being approxi- mately equal in breadth TENTHREDINOIDEA p. First abdominal segment *(sometimes also the second) form- ing a lens-shaped scale or knot (petiole), strongly differen- tiated from the remaining abdominal segments (gaster) FORMICOIDEA p. -3 577 *Iu all the Hymenoptera the segment which is morphologically the first abdominal seg- ment (propodeum) is intimately fused with the thorax, of which it seems to be a part. In this work the general usage of descriptive writers is followed, and the segment which is apparently the first abdominal segment, though morphologically the second, is uniformly railed the first abdominal segment. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 23 Abdominal segments not strongly differentiated as petiole and gaster 3 3. Mesothorax anteriorly without the free prepectus shown in illustration of Chalcidoidea (Fig. 12) 4 Mesothorax anteriorly with a prepectus as shown in Fig. 12; usually winged, with venation reduced to a minimum as in Fig. 11; usually less than 3 mm. in length and metallic ... CHALCIDOIDEA p. 443 4. Tegulae present, wings usually well developed, sometimes vestigial or lost 5 Tegulae wanting, wings entirely absent, habitus respectively as in winged forms 9 5. Pronotum with its hind angles or tubercles tangent to a vertical line drawn tangent to anterior edge of tegulae, touching or underlying tegulae 6 Pronotum with its hind angles or tubercles always distinctly remote from tegulae 12 6. Body not flea-like 7 Body flea-like; trochanters usually composed of a single joint; wings usually with a characteristic venation as shown in Fig. 10 CYNIPOIDEA p. 361 7. Wings with at least basal, median and submedian veins present, usually with venation well developed as shown in Fig. 8. . 8 Wings usually without veins or with only subcosta and part of radius present, rarely as in Fig. 13 or as in figure of Pelecinus in Packard's Guide SERPHOIDEA p. 529 8. Trochanters composed of two joints ICHNEUMONOIDEA p. 176 Trochanters composed of one joint 14 9. Body not flea-like, not compressed 10 Body flea-like, compressed as in winged forms CYNIPOIDEA p. 361 10. Body not densely hairy 1 1 Body densely hairy VESPOIDEA p. 606 11. First abdominal segment elbowed . . ICHNEUMONOIDEA p. 176 First abdominal segment not elbowed . . . SERPHOIDEA p. 529 12. Hairs of dorsulum simple, not branched or plumose 13 Hairs of dorsulum branched or plumose APOIDEA p. 698 13. Abdomen with more than three segments visible, segments be- yond third not hidden SPHECOIDEA p. 645 Abdomen with three segments visible, segments beyond third hidden CHRYSIDOIDEA p. 602 14. Cutting edge of mandibles turned inward, their tips meeting or overlapping when mandibles are flexed toward mouth VESPOIDEA p. 606 Cutting edge of mandibles turned outward, their tips usually neither meeting nor overlapping when mandibles are flexed toward mouth ICHNEUMONOIDEA p. 176 WZr/a/ /ine Cox*&/ ^ r-L-i /k/ }' I k > /fo/e/7/7&////7e. \ . r^ Ohpeo&nfenna/- X //he. H— -#£ — -<^ j St/ono/orb/fa/ine. -A&/er Cke//oca&r //he. Posfoce/for fa Me/apfa/rm Fig. 2. A, Side view of head, B, rear view of thorax and propodeum, C, front and dorsal views of head, Therion morio ; D, side view of thorax, Ichneumonoidea. HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 25 TENTHREDINOIDEA*. By Alexander Dyer MacGillivray. This superfamily is differentiated from the other superfam- ilies of Hymenoptera by having the cephalic end of the abdomen as broad where it is joined to the thorax as the caudal end of the thorax, never constricted into a narrow pedicel ; by having the first abdominal segment joined to the abdomen, instead of being closely anchylosed to the thorax and bearing a pair of spiracles, and usually with its tergum longitudinally divided at middle ; by the retention in practically all the species of the base of the radial sector; and by the presence in many of the species of more than one anal cell. Their larvae either feed externally on the leaves of plants, within their stems, or within the trunks of trees. They can be distinguished from the larvae of other Hymenoptera by the pres- ence of prominent abdominal prolegs, and from the larvae of the Lepidoptera, with which they are most likely to be confused, by the presence of only a single ocellus on each side of the head. The most useful characters for distinguishing the species of Tenthredinoidea are found on the head capsule and on the ovi- positor of the female. The ovipositor of the female consists of two parts, an ex- ternal flattened plate on each side, and two median flattened, pointed, yellowish plates located between the external plates. The external plates are known as the saw-guides. The variation in the shape of the three exposed margins, upper, lower, and api- cal, of the saw-guides is usually characteristic for a given species. The yellowish, chitinized plates located between the saw-guides are the saws. The distal end and ventral margin of each saw are usually denticulate. The shape and arrangement of the denti- cles or teeth are also usually characteristic for a given species or group of species. • Contributions from the Entomological Laboratories of the University of Illinois, No. SO. 26 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. The variation in the shape of the head and in its sculpture is of the greatest importance for differentiating species, because it is usually characteristic for both sexes. In order to condense the descriptions and make them more accurate, names have been applied to the various head regions and their boundaries. They are as follows : Tentorial Fovea. — The tentorial foveas are the pit-like open- ings situated between the antennal sockets and the dorsal margin of the clypeus. They mark the points of invagination for the anterior arms of the tentorium. They vary from mere pits to flaring, trumpet-shaped holes. Antennal Furrows. — The antennal furrows, when complete, extend from the tentorial foveas along the lateral margin of the antennal sockets, thence across the cephalic aspect of the head to near the lateral ocelli, thence across the dorsal aspect, and finally end on the caudal margin just below the ridge separating the dorsal and caudal margins of the head. While the antennal furrows are frequently complete, yet certain sections are some- times obsolete, so that it is desirable to refer to different sections of the antennal furrows. Vertical Furrows. — The vertical furrows are the portions of the antennal furrows situated on the dorsal aspect of the head. They extend from near the lateral ocelli to the caudal aspect of the head. The vertical furrows are rarely wanting and are usually more distinctly marked than the other parts of the anten- nal furrows. Lateral Fovea. — The portions of the antennal furrows ex- tending between the vertical furrows and the antennal sockets are sometimes completely wanting. The antennal furrows, in many cases, instead of being entirely obsolete, are represented on each side of the head by a distinct pit. These pits are known as the lateral foveae. They are located near the antennal sockets and may be connected with them by a short furrow. They vary considerably in size, shape, and location. Ocellar Furrow. — The ocellar furrow is a transverse furrow extending between the ends of the vertical furrows near the dorsal margin of the lateral ocelli. It is frequently confluent with the space around the lateral ocelli. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 27 Interocellar Furrow. — The interocellar furrow is a short de- pressed line or space extending from the middle of the ocellar furrow to the median ocellus. Adjacent to the median ocellus, this furrow flares out, and is frequently a depressed area sur- rounding the ocellus. Post ocellar Area. — The postocellar area is the region on the dorsal aspect of the head bounded by the ocellar furrow, the vertical furrows, and the caudal margin of the head. Frontal Crest. — The frontal crest is an elevation extending across the head just above the antennal sockets. It separates the region between the antennae from the region above it. The frontal crest is usually limited on each side by the antennal fur- rows, but it may extend across the antennal furrows nearly to the margin of the compound eyes. It is frequently interrupted at middle by the median fovea, when it is said to be broken. Antennal Groove. — The antennal groove is the curved portion of the antennal furrow extending on each side of the head be- tween the tentorial fovea and the frontal crest around the lateral margin of the antennal sockets. Supraclypeal Area. — The supraclypeal area is the region be- tween the antennal sockets, the clypeus, and the frontal crest. It may be flat, uniformly convex, carinated, or concave. Median Fovea. — The median fovea is a rounded or angular pit located near the middle of the ventral margin of the frontal crest. The median fovea is figured and described by some au- thors as the antennal fovea. Antennal Fovece. — The antennal fovea? are the depressed areas surrounding the antennal sockets. The antennal furrows and the lateral foveae are frequently connected with the antennal foveae. Frontal Area. — The frontal area comprises the region of the head located between the antennal furrows, the frontal crest, and the ocellar furrow. Ocellar Basin. — The depressed area surrounding the median ocellus is frequently continued as a concave area to the frontal crest. The interocellar furrow is frequently expanded so as to occupy most of the space between the lateral ocelli. This con- cave area, occupying the median portion of the frontal area, 28 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. is known as the ocellar basin. The ocellar basin varies greatly in form and extent in the different families and subfamilies. Frontal Furrow. — The frontal furrow is a well marked de- pression occurring on the meson of the ocellar basin of many species. It may be limited to a pit or fovea, or it may extend from the median ocellus to the frontal crest. It may not only vary in length, but may vary in position and be located anywhere in the space between the median ocellus and the frontal crest. There is also considerable variation in the width of the furrow. Malar Space. — The malar space is the area on each side of the head included between the proximal end of the mandible and the ventral end of the compound eye. Key to Families. 1. Front wings with free part of R2 present; antennae always with more than three segments, third segment of antennae usually longer than all the following segments together XYELID^ p. 29 Front wings with free part of R* always wanting; antennae with three or more segments, third segment never as long as all the following segments together; if third segment be long, antennae consisting of only three segments 2 2. Front wings with base of subcosta always present; pronotum transverse and scarcely emarginate behind PAMPHILIIDiE p. 32 Front wings with base of subcosta wanting, at most reprer sented only by a pale indistinct line; subcosta usually represented by the free part of Sci, which appears like a cross-vein in cell between costa and R + M; pronotum transverse but frequently so deeply emarginate behind that the mesal portion is concealed by the head 3 3. Front wings with radial cross-vein received in cell R4, very rarely in cell RB; medio-cubital cross-vein joined to R + M or to M; if joined to M, first abscissa of M not more than one-sixth the length of the cross-vein; oviposi- tor in form of a saw, exserted or retracted; anterior tibiae with two apical spurs TENTHREDINIDyE p. 41 Front wings with radial cross-vein received in cell Rs, rarely in cell R4; if in cell R4, medio-cubital cross-vein joining media distinctly distad of radius and subequal in length to first abscissa of media; ovipositor in form of a saw or borer and usually exserted; anterior tibiae with one apical spur 4 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 29 4. Front wings with first abscissa of Ms present; antennae in- serted between eyes above base of clypeus, with bases of antennae fully exposed 5 Front wings with first abscissa of M» wanting; antennae in- serted below level of eyes at base of clypeus under a trans- verse ridge of the front, their bases concealed ORYSSID^: p. 175 5. Front wings with a distinct cell between costa and Sc + R + M; medio-cubital cross-vein subequal in length to first abscissa of media 6 Front wings without a cell between costa and Sc + R + M; medio-cubital cross-vein from three to five times as long as first abscissa of media CEPHID^E p. 172 6. Front wings with free part of Sd always present; first ab- scissa of media extending lengthwise of wing; the last abdominal tergite not ending in a triangular or lanceolate process XIPHYDRIID^E p. 168 Front wings with free part of Sci always wanting; first ab- scissa of media extending crosswise of wing; last ab- dominal tergite ending in a triangular or lanceolate process SIRICID^ p. 169 XYELIDAE. Key to Genera. 1. Front wings with free part of M arising a considerable dis- tance beyond point of union of R + M and Sc2; hind wings with free part of Rs wanting; claws with a minute tooth-like protuberance at base or with a long slender seta at apex 2 Front -wings with free part of M arising distinctly before point of separation of R and Sc2; hind wings with free part of R5 present; claws cleft or with a large tooth within at apex 3 2. Front wings with Sc not coalesced with R + M, so that free part of Sc2 appears like a cross-vein between apex of Sc and R + M Pleuroneura p. 30 Front wings with Sc coalesced with R + M, so that the free part of Sc2 is obliterated Xyela p. 30 3. Front wings with free part of R subequal in length to R + Sc2 • 4 Front wings with free part of R distinctly shorter than R + Sc2, frequently less than one-half the length of R + Sc2 5 4. Claws with a large erect tooth within at middle Odontophyes p. 30 Claws cleft, two parts of cleft parallel Megaxyela p. 31 30 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 5. Clypeus triangular in outline, median portion two or three times as long as lateral porti-ons; claws cleft, two parts of cleft parallel Paraxyela p. 31 Clypeus not triangular in outline, median portion but little if any longer than lateral portions; claws with an erect tooth at middle 6 6. Front wings with free part of Sc2 almost twice as long as free part of Sci; Sci much more oblique than Sc2; cell Rj usually divided by a supernumerary cross-vein; clypeus much broader at middle than at lateral emarginations Protoxyela p. 31 Front wings with free part of Sc2 subequal in length with free part of Sci; Sci and Sc2 inclined at about the same angle; cell R8 never divided by a supernumerary cross- vein; clypeus only slightly if at all broader at middle than at lateral emarginations Macroxyela p. 31 Pleuroneura Konow. °P. brunneicornis Rohwer. Body black, with the mandibles, a line on the pronotum, and the tegulae, pallid ; clypeus, labrum, palpi, legs, venter, and three apical abdominal segments, ruf o-fulvous ; hind tibia infuscated ; clypeus truncate with a triangular tooth at middle ; antennal fur- rows indistinct above the middle of the head; no fovea at side of lateral ocelli. Length 6 mm. Xyela Dalman. °X. minor Norton. Body yellowish, with indistinct or subdistinct brownish spots on the three basal segments of the antenna, a parenthesis-shaped spot each side of the ocelli, two spots on each lateral lobe of the mesonotum ; third segment of the antennae distinctly shorter than all the following segments together and longer than the first and second together ; ovipositor slender, longer than the abdo- men; wings elongate, projecting one-half their length beyond the apex of abdomen. Length 4 mm. Larva feeds on stami- nate flowers of Pinus. Odontophyes Konow. °0. avingrata (Dyar). Body steel blue, with the following parts yellow: the labrum, bases of the mandibles, palpi, bases of the antennae, tips No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 3 1 of the anterior and middle femora, trochanters, and four apical segments of the posterior tarsi ; head roughened with large, closely placed punctures; abdomen iridescent with fine transverse wavy striations. Length 13 mm. Larva resembling a bird's dropping, feeds on the young leaves of hickory and butternut. Megaxyela Ashmead. °M. major (Cresson). Xyela major Cresson. Body ferruginous, with black and yellow markings ; pos- terior tibiae broadly expanded and flattened, covered with setae which form a brush along the ventral side. Length 10 mm. Larva feeds on hickory. t Paraxyela MacGillivray. °P. tricolor (Norton). Xyela tricolor Norton. Body steel blue, with the following parts white: spots at the insertion of the antennae, nasus, labrum, mandibles, palpi, and edges of the ventral segments ; the following parts black : edge of labrum, tips of posterior femora, tibiae, and tarsi ; legs rufous. Length 8 mm. Protoxyela MacGillivray. °P. asnea (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, pi. xiii, Fig. 5. Body bronze-black with the following parts rufous ; first segment of antennas, supraclypeal area, clypeus, labrum, man- dibles, legs including the coxae, venter at apex, and apical two- thirds of saw-guides ; abdominal segments beyond the basal plates with a fine apical white margin. Length 7 mm. Macroxyela Kirby. Key to Species. 1. Head with a flat depressed area in front of median ocellus, never crossed by the median fovea 2 Head, if with a depressed area in front of median ocellus, always broken by the median fovea, which extends to the median ocellus 4 2. Median fovea represented by a linear smooth spot only slightly, if at all, depressed below the surface of the front; body black, with clypeus, labrum, malar space, supraclypeal area, basal plates at sides, abdomen beyond the basal plates, and legs rufous. Length 8 mm bicolor 32 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Median fovea not linear and distinctly depressed below the surface of the front 3 3. Median fovea a broad, flat, indistinct depressed area, more distinct near the median ocellus; saw-guides strongly con- vex above on the basal half and straight or slightly convex below; body rufous, with a spot about the ocelli, a spot near the base of wings, and the base of abdomen above, more or less black. Length 8 mm obsoleta Median fovea a distinct, narrow, elongate, diamond-shaped depression, flat on the bottom; saw-guides convex above on basal half and straight below; body rufous, with two spots on lateral lobes of mesonotum and the postscutel- lum black. Length 8 mm distincta 4. Median fovea a wedge-shaped depression, narrowed near the median ocellus, with polished, sloping walls; saw-guides strongly convex on basal two-thirds above and almost straight below; body rufous, with antennas beyond the second segment, a spot about the ocelli, a spot above the base of each antenna, a spot on the apex of the median lobe of the mesonotum, two spots on each lateral lobe, and the two basal tergal segments black. Length 9 mm. ferruginea Median fovea vase-shaped, a semicircular, slanting depres- sion adjacent to the median ocellus, broadly boat-shaped on the middle of the front, the two parts connected by a narrower portion with high bounding walls; saw-guides moderately convex on basal two-thirds above and straight below; body rufous, with usually a spot about the ocelli, and two spots on each median lobe of mesonotum black. Length 8 mm inf uscata °M. bicolor MacGillivray. °M. obsoleta MacGillivray. °M. distincta MacGillivray. °M. ferruginea (Say). Xyela ferruginea Say. °M. infuscata ( Norton). Xyela inf uscata Norton. Larva feeds on the leaves of elm. PAMPHILIIDJE. Key to Genera. 1. Claws cleft, the two rays subequal in length; hinder margin of posterior orbits with a distinct fine carina 5 Claws with a small median or submedian erect tooth 2 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 33 2. Anterior tibiae with a lateral spur before the apex 3 Anterior tibiae without a lateral spur before the apex 4 3. Hind margin of posterior orbits without a carina Acantholyda p. 33 Hind margin of posterior orbits with a distinct, fine carina Itycorsia p. 33 4. Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein joined to media distinctly beyond its point of separation from radius Cephaleia p. 35 Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein joined to media at its point of separation from radius Caenolyda p. 36 5. Front wings with free part of Sci present, cells C and Sci distinct 6 Front wings with free part of Sci wanting so that cells C and Sci are united Neurotoma p. 37 6. Antennae with third segment not or scarcely longer than fourth, at least always shorter than segments four and five united Pamphilius p. 37 Antennae with third segment as long as or longer than seg- ments four and five united Anoplolyda p. 39 Acantholyda Costa. °A. marginiventris (Cresson). Tergum black, with a narrow lateral white or pinkish margin ; antennae black ; legs black, except the anterior tibiae in front ; head black with the clypeus white ; a spot between the base of the antenna and the eye, a pair of spots in front of the ocelli, a pair of lunate marks behind the ocelli, a narrow band from the eyes to the occiput, and the outer orbits, white; a triangular spot on the median lobes of the mesonotum, white. Length 15 mm. °A. bicolorata (Norton). Tergum honey yellow, with the two apical segments black ; antennae black ; legs black ; head brown, with a spot at the base of each antenna, a triangular spot above each eye, one about the ocelli, and a large spot on the vertex, black. Length 12 mm. Itycorsia Konow. Key to Species. I. Pleurae entirely black 2 Pleurae either with a broad oblique pale spot or entirely pale 3 34 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 2. Body black, with the following parts rufous: head, ex- cept labrum, a spot around bases of antennae, mandibles, greater part of lateral lobes of mesonotum, scutellum, post- scutellum, and anterior tibiae and tarsi; lateral margin of abdominal segments with a fine yellow line; wings in- fuscated. Length 12 mm brunniceps Body, in female, black, with the following parts yellowish white: spot on bases of mandibles, spot on cheeks, narrow line from the caudal end of eyes to the occiput where it expands and extends along the caudal margin of the pos- terior orbits to near their middle, two ovate spots on vertex, a narrow line on pronotum, a line on suture between median and lateral lobes, a spot on each lateral lobe, and an irregular spot on the lateral margin of each abdominal segment; tibiae and anterior tarsi rufous; wings hyaline, with a clouded spot extending across wings behind the stigma. Male differs in having the antennae usually rufous at middle, a yellowish spot at caudal end of each eye, mandibles in great part yellow, spots on abdominal segments limited to a line, and all the tibiae and tarsi • yellowish rufous. Length 16 mm maculiventris 3. Pleurae and sternum black, with an oblique pale mark on pleurae; legs in part marked with bla?ck 6 Pleurae and sternum wholly rufous or ochraceous; legs en- tirely rufous or ochraceous 4 4. Head with the summit of the declivous area at the base of antennae broadly rounded; body rufous, with tips of an- tennae infuscated, and tergum, except a line along the late- ral margin, black; median fovea an elongate pit situated midway between the bases of antennae and ocelli; basal segment of antennae rufous. Length 14 mm ochrocera Head with the summit of the declivous area at the base of antennae elevated into a distinct transverse ridge; basal segment of the antennae marked with black 5. Head with the postocellar area elevated above ocelli; eye margin angulated opposite ocelli; median fovea a deep depression with distinct boundaries, nearer to the ocelli than to the bases of antennae; head with indefinite black lines, more pronounced in region of ocelli; median lobe of mesonotum, scutellum and metathorax in part, and a nar- row band on the base of abdominal segments, black. Length 14 mm angulata Head with postocellar area not elevated above ocelli; eye margin not angulated opposite ocelli; median fovea an elongate slit nearer to the ocelli than to the bases of antennae; head with indefinite black lines in the region of No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 35 ocelli; median lobe at base, lateral lobes at middle, base of scutellum, metathorax in part, and a narrow transverse band on the base of each abdominal segment, black. Length 14 mm discolor 6- Large yellow spot laterad of the bases of antennae smooth without punctures; clypeus and labrum yellow, produced at middle into a distinct spearhead-shaped projection, rarely punctate and if so bearing white setae; head and thorax with the usual yellow spots; legs all yellow or yellowish-rufous with the femora black above; abdomen almost entirely rufous or with a narrow black line on the caudal margin of the segments, in some specimens the black bands expanded onto the cephalic part of the next segment until some of the segments are almost entirely black. Length 13 mm luteomaculata Large yellow spot laterad of the bases of antennae completely covered with punctures, each puncture bearing a black seta; labrum and clypeus yellow, produced at middle into a triangular-shaped projection and distinctly punctate, the punctures bearing black setae; head and thorax with the usual yellow spots; legs yellow or yellowish-rufous with all the femora black above and all with more or less black beneath; abdomen black above with a narrow yellow lateral margin. Length 14 mm albomarginata °I. brunniceps (Cresson). Lyda brnnniceps Cresson. °I. maculiventris (Norton). Lyda maciiliventris Norton. I. ochrocera (Norton). Lyda ochrocera Norton. Walling- ford, 1 June, 1910 (D. J. Caffrey), 13 July, 191 1 (J. K. Lewis) ; Stonington, 15 June, 1908 (W. E. B.). I. angulata MacGillivray. Manchester, 20 May, 1910 (A. B. C.) ; Wallingford, 7 July, 191 1 (J. K. Lewis). °I. discolor (Cresson). *I. luteomaculata (Cresson). Lyda luteomaculata Cresson. Torrington (R. Hochstein). *I. albomarginata (Cresson). Lyda albomarginata Cresson. New Haven, 24 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). Cephaleia Panzer. Key to Species. I. Pleurae entirely black 2 Pleurae with a prominent oblique pale mark 3 $6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 2. Head black, with the following parts ferruginous: spot on the side of face and on the apical middle of clypeus, broad line on cheeks, and two spots behind ocelli; antennae in great part pale yellow; wings hyaline, with a fuscous band beneath stigma; abdomen violaceous black, trans- versely banded at middle with yellowish ferruginous. Length 15 mm fascipennis Head rufous, with a black spot around ocelli, extending to the bases of antennae; tegulae and immediate adjacent parts of pronotum and wings ferruginous; body, including wings, violaceous black. Length 18 mm " frontalis 3. Scutellum yellow; head and thorax black, with the usual straw-yellow markings; antennae black; abdomen black, with a rufous or honey-colored transverse band on seg- ments two to four and the tip of the anal segment of the same color; wings faintly clouded. Length 11 mm canadensis Scutellum black 4 4. Head and thorax blackish, with the usual yellow spots; antennae varying from yellow to blackish fuscous; abdo- men entirely luteous or with an irregular median blackish band; legs luteous, front and middle femora black above, posterior entirely black. Length n mm mathematica Head and thorax black, with clypeus and three elongate spots extending from it between the antennae and along the inner orbits, outer orbits, tegulae, and an oblique pleural mark, yellow; abdomen black with the lateral margin and the venter more or less yellow; legs wholly pale, rufous or ochreous. Length 11 mm distincta °C. fascipennis (Cresson). °C. frontalis (Westwood). °C. mathematica (Kirby). Pamphilius mathematicus Kirby. °C. canadensis Norton. CC. distincta MacGillivray. Caenolyda Konow. °C. semidea (Cresson). Lyda semidea Cresson. Head and thorax luteous or brownish, with the usual yellow-colored spots faintly indicated; antennae luteous beyond first segment ; abdomen entirely luteous or brownish ; legs luteous, with the basal three-fourths of the femora rufous, fuscous, or black; wings hyaline, veins luteous or brownish. Length 12 mm. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 37 Neurotoma Konow. *N. fasciata (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, pi. xiv, Fig. IS- Body in female black, with the following parts yellow: a shield-shaped spot between the antennae, tegulae, scutellum, post- scutellum, a triangular spot on the caudo-lateral angles of the fourth to the sixth tergal segment, and legs except coxae and basal half of femora ; wings fuliginous, front wings clear at apex. Male differs in having scutellum and postscutellum black, and legs beyond coxae entirely yellow. Length 12 mm. Larva feeds on cherry. Connecticut (E. N.). °N. inconspicua (Norton). Body dull black, with tegulae yellow and mandibles and legs beyond the coxae rufous; tarsi black; wings hyaline, with a faint fuscous band behind the stigma. Length 9 mm. Larva feeds on cherry. Pamphilius Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Antennae white beyond the first segment; head and thorax black, with the usual pale markings; abdomen black, with a white lateral margin and a transverse band on the middle of the four apical segments; legs yellow, with anterior and middle coxae, anterior trochanters, basal half of anterior and middle femora, and apices of their tibiae and tarsi, posterior coxae in part, and apices of their tibiae and tarsi, black; wings hyaline. Male differs from female only in having the spots on head and thorax smaller and the black on legs more pronounced. Length 10 mm semicinctus Antennae entirely black, yellow or rufous beyond the middle 2 2. Head and thorax in female luteous with black markings; abdomen luteous with a longitudinal black or fuscous band on each side of tergum within the margin; legs entirely luteous, darker toward apex; wings hyaline. Male differs in having disk of the head, thorax, and abdomen black with yellow spots; posterior tibiae and all the tarsi fuscous. Length 9 mm ocreatus Head and thorax black, with yellow markings 3 3. Abdomen rufous beyond the first segment 5 Abdomen black, with the third and fourth segments rufous 4 4. Head with a strongly elevated V-shaped ridge behind the median ocellus; body black, with declivous part of the 38 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. head, mesal surface of the basal segment of antennae, apical half of antennae, genae, a line on the outer orbits adjacent to the eyes, a spot on the posterior orbits, tegulae, and the legs below the coxae, except the posterior tibiae, white; abdomen with segments three and four entirely, the basal half of five, and a line on six, rufous- Length 11 mm. transversus Head not with a strongly elevated V-shaped ridge behind the median ocellus; body black, with mandibles, declivous part of the head, a line on the posterior orbits, a spot on each side of the postocellar area, a spot on each side on the caudal margin of head, tegulae, scutellum, post- scutellum, and legs beyond the coxae, yellow. Length 8 mm rufocinctus 5. Pleurae with a pale mark; body black, with clypeus, poste- rior orbits, genae, a broad band from the middle of the eye to the occiput, two prominent, triangular-shaped dilations on the inner side near the eye, two parenthesis- shaped spots near the postocellar area, three minute spots on the front, tegulae, V-spot, scutellum, postscutel- lum, front and middle legs, and posterior trochanters and femora, yellow; mandibles, posterior tibiae and tarsi, and abdomen beyond the basal plates, rufous. Length 9 mm. persicus Pleurae without a pale mark 6 6. Labrum with a small median tooth 7 Labrum broadly rounded without a median tooth; ocellar basin sharply defined, a V-shaped ridge behind median ocellus and two broad mounds in front; body in female black, with apical half of antennae, clypeus, lower half of the outer orbits, a line on the genae adjacent to the eyes, a bifid dilation on the inner orbits extending as a line to the occiput, its inner margin extending to the vertical fur- rows, ridges about the ocellar basin, a spot on each verti- tical furrow, tegulae, a line on the collar, the V-spot, scutellum, postscutellum, and the legs below the knees, white; abdomen rufous beyond the basal plates. Male differs in having the area in front of the frontal crest and the basal segment of antennae yellow, spots on the orbits and vertex wanting. Length 8-10 mm dentatus 7. Median fovea wanting; ocellar basin strongly defined; body black, with apical half of antennae, clypeus, base of mandi- bles, lower half of posterior orbits, area around ocellar basin, a spot on each vertical furrow, a line from the middle of the inner orbits to the occiput (enlarged at occipital end), tegulae, prosternum, and legs beyond the No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 39 coxae, except posterior tibiae and tarsi, yellow; abdomen reddish beyond the first segment. Length 10 mm ocellatus Median fovea open and elongate; ocellar basin not sharply denned; body black, with apex of the clypeus, genae, three spots about ocelli, a line from the inner orbits to the eyes, a spot on the vertical furrows, apical third of the antennae, tegulae, scutellum, legs below coxae, except the posterior tibiae, pale yellow; abdomen rufous beyond the first seg- ment. Length 775 mm rubi °P. semicinctus (Norton). Lyda semicincta Norton. P. ocreatus (Say). Lyda ocreata Say. Howard, Insect Book, pi. xiv, Figs. 4 and 9. Connecticut (Norton) ; New- Haven, 21 May, 1910 (A. B. C). Larva a solitary feeder on Corylus. °P. transversus MacGillivray. °P. rufocinctus (Cresson). Lyda rufocincta Cresson. *P. persicus MacGillivray. Yalesville, Meriden, Walling- ford, Middlefield, Durham, North Haven, New Haven, Hamden, Cheshire, Farmington (B. H. W.) ; Yalesville, June (W. E. B.). Larva feeds on peach. For a full account of this insect and its appearance as a pest, see 7th Report State Entomologist, in Report for 1907-8 of Con- necticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, p. 285. *P. dentatus MacGillivray. Hamden, 24 May, 1910, New Haven, 30 May, 1911 (B. H. W.) ; Wallingford, 8 June, 1911 (B. H. W. and D. J. Caffrey). Larva feeds on blackberry. See Report of Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station for 1912, p. 236. °P. ocellatus Rohwer. °P. rubi Rohwer. Larva feeds on blackberry. Anoplolyda Costa. Key to Species. 1. Pleurae with a large oblique pale stripe 2 Pleurae black 4 2. Abdomen rufous at least beyond first segment 3 Abdomen black, except a rufous spot on the first and the most of the second and third segments of the tergum; 40 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. legs black to the middle of femora, and beyond the middle of femora yellow-red; antennae black; scutellum and post- scutellum yellow; head yellow in front of ocelli except a black line above each antenna; wings hyaline. Length 7 mm excavata 3. Antennse black at base, yellow at apex; body black, with head and thorax with the usual yellow markings; legs, except coxae and apical three-fourths of the hinder tibiae, pale yellow; wings hyaline. Length 10 mm luteicornis Antennas black; body black, with head and thorax with the usual yellow markings; legs, except posterior femora, yel- low; wings hyaline. Length 12 mm pallimacula 4. Scutellum black; head yellow, with the area behind and in- cluding ocelli and between the antennal furrows, black; pronotum, tegulas, and (in female) legs beyond the coxae, yellow; abdomen black with rufous spot covering the disk of second to fourth segments of tergum and venter; anten- nae black; wings strongly infuscated. Male differs in having the apex of the posterior tibiae black. Length 13 mm plagiata Scutellum pale 5 5. Abdomen rufous beyond the first segment 6 Abdomen marked with rufous at middle, black at apex 7 6. Antennas black; mesal projecting spot on the inner margin of eye pointed at apex and not bifid; anterior ocellus entirely surrounded by yellow; head and thorax with the usual pale markings; legs yellow beyond the middle of coxae; wings hyaline; the basal half of stigma yellow. Length 12 mm quebecensis Antennas white beyond the middle; mesal projecting spot on the inner margin of eyes deeply bifid at apex; anterior ocel- lus not entirely surrounded by yellow, interrupted by a furrow on each side; head and thorax with the usual pale markings; legs yellow beyond coxae, except posterior tibias which are black; wings hyaline; stigma black. Length 12 mm scripta 7. Abdomen black, with a rufous spot on the disk of tergal seg- ments one to four; head and thorax with the usual pale markings, except that those on the head are reduced t^ fine lines; legs beyond coxae, greenish yellow; antennas black; wings hyaline, veins and stigma black. Length 9 mm. perplexa Abdomen black at base and apex with a transverse rufous band at middle; legs beyond coxae entirely yellow; trans- verse ridge in front of ocelli and vertex deeply impressed by the antennal furrows; head and thorax with the usual pale markings; second segment of the antennas about No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 41 twice as long as broad ; wings yellowish-hyaline ; antennae black. Length 9 mm rufofasciatus °A. excavata (Norton). *A. luteicornis (Norton). Farmington (E. N.). A. pallimacula (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 6. Farmington (E. N.). °A. plagiata (Klug). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 22. °A. quebecensis (Provancher). A. scripta (Say). Farmington; New Flaven, 4 June, 191 1, Hamden, 2 June, 1911 (A. B. C), 14 June, 1911 (W. E. B.). °A. perplexa (Cresson). A. rufofasciatus (Norton). Connecticut (E. N.). TENTHREDINIDAE. Key to Subfamilies. 1. Front wings with second anal cell contracted at middle .... 2 Front wings with second anal cell not contracted at middle 5 2. Front wings with free part of second anal vein present 3 Front wings with free part of second anal vein wanting. Selandriin^e p. 65 3. Radial cross-vein present; antennae never with more than nine segments 4 Radial cross-vein wanting; antennae always with more than nine segments Diprionin.e p. 43 4. Front wings with free part of vein R5 present and cells Rs and R* therefore separate 5 Front wings with free part of vein R5 wanting, so that cells R5 and R4 are united Dolerin.e p. 68 5. Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein and free part of Ma-Hi parallel Emphytinve p. 45 Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein and free part of M3+4 strongly divergent behind Phyllotomin^e p. yy 6. Radial cross-vein present 7 Radial cross-vein wanting 13 7. Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein joined to vein Sc+R+M at or near origin of media, its distance from media always less than one-half the length of the cross- vein 8 Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein joined to vein Sc+R+M at a distance from origin of media, its distance 42 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. from media always one-half or more the length of the cross-vein IO 8. Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein and M3+4 parallel Blennocampin.e p. 142 Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein and Ms+4 strongly- divergent behind 9 9. Hind wings with vein R3 reaching the margin distinctly before apex of wing; cell Ri+2 pointed at apex and closed SCOLIONEURIN/E p. 158 Hind wings with vein R3 reaching the margin at or beyond apex of wing; cell Ri+2 rounded at apex and open Fenusin^e p. 156 10. Front wings with base of third anal vein present and second anal cell therefore not combined with third n Front wings with base of third anal vein atrophied and second and third anal cells therefore united Dineurin^e p. 107 11. Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein and vein Ms+* parallel or at least not divergent behind 12 Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein and vein Ms-w strongly divergent behind Hoplocampin/E p. 105 12. Antennae with eight or nine segments, rarely enlarged at apex; front wings with first abscissa of M subequal to abscissa of R; radio-medial cross-vein rarely if ever want- ing , ... .Tenthredinin.e p. 80 Antennae with less than eight segments, always enlarged at apex into a club; front wings with first abscissa of M twice as long as abscissa of R; radio-medial cross-vein always wanting Cimbicin.e p. 102 13. Front wings with third and combined first and second anal veins anastomosed at middle for a short distance, length of anastomosis always being less than length of second anal cell • • r4 Front wings with third and combined first and second anal veins anastomosed at middle for a considerable distance, anastomosis being two or three times the length of second anal cell, or with second anal cell wanting or combined with third anal cell, or with both first and second anal cells wanting • • 15 14. Antennae never with more than nine segments; hind wings with vein Rs reaching the margin before apex of wing; cell Ri+2 pointed at apex and closed Cladiin/e p. 108 Antennae always with more than nine segments; hind wings with vein R8 reaching the margin at apex of wine; cell R,+i 1 oad at apex and open Monoctenin.e p. 108 15. Am mae always with nine segments Nematin/E p. in Antennae with three or six segments 16 No. 22.~\ HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 43 16. Antennae with six segments; front wings with three anal veins fused into a single vein Acordulecerin;e p. 165 Antennae with three segments; front wings with three anal veins never fused into a single vein 17 17. Front wings with free part of Sci present Hylotominje p. 160 Front wings with free part of Sci wanting ScHizocERiNyE p. 164 DlPRIONINiE. Diprion Schrank. Lophyrus Latreille. Antennae multiarticulate, with fifteen or more segments, strongly serrate in the female and bipectinate in the male, the rays shorter toward the apex; larvae infesting various species of conifers. Key to Species. 1. Antennae with sixteen segments, black; head, thorax, abdomen, and legs in great part luteous; wings hyaline. Females fabricii Antennae with more than sixteen segments 2 2. Head and thorax for the most part pale. Females 3 Head and thorax for the most part black. Males 8 3. Femora black or dusky at base; antennae with eighteen segments; antennae and scutellum pale yellow; mesonotum with large black spots occupying the greater part of its surface; head and thorax sparsely covered with deep punc- tures abdominalis Femora wholly pale 4 4. Tibiae waxen white, at least at base; antennae with seventeen segments 5 Tibiae with no part waxen white; antennae usually with more than seventeen segments 6 5. Antennae luteous brown; tegulae, collar, and pleurae luteous brown; a line joining the ocelli, a stripe on each side lobe of the mesothorax, and the sutures of the metathorax, black; claws with a tooth near the middle pinus-rigida Antennae black, with basal half of third segment pale; tegulae, collar, and pleurae waxen white; sides of metathorax black; claws with the tooth distinctly nearer the apex than the middle abbotti 6. Lateral lobes of mesonotum pale 7 Lateral lobes of mesonotum and sutures metallic black; body yellowish brown; antennae with eighteen segments, black, the third segment pale at base; claws with a short tooth near the tip abietis 44 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 7. Antennas with twenty segments; color yellow-brown; antennas blackish; metathorax, tergum, and a stripe down each side of the venter, black; edges of pronotum, pleura;, outer edges of abdomen, and knees, waxen white lecontei Antennae with seventeen segments; color ferruginous; antennas blackish ferruginous; sutures of face, mesothorax, abdo- men, most of metathorax, and part of third and fourth seg- ments of tergum, blackish; pleurae dark brown .akhursti 8. Collar and edge of tegulae white; antennae with eighteen seg- ments; ventral part of body and legs yellow-brown; basal half of wings clouded abbotti Collar and tegulas black g 9. Antennae with fifteen segments; abdomen beneath and at base and basal half of legs, yellow-brown; legs below knees whitish : pinus-rigida Antennas with more than fifteen segments 10 10. Antennae with twenty-one segments; head and mesothorax black; tergum dark piceous; pleurae and breast black; venter reddish brown, legs reddish yellow, darkest at base abietis Antenna; with twenty-two or more segments lecontei °D. fabricii (Leach). LophyrusfabricWLeach. Larva feeds on pitch pine. °D. abdominalis (Say) Lophyrus abdominalis Say. D. pinus-rigida (Norton). Lophryus pinus-rigida Norton. Larva feeds on Pinus rigida, and this is probably the species observed at Tariffville a few years ago, where many of the small pitch pines were nearly defoliated (W. E. B.). D. abbotti (Leach). Lophyrus abbotti Leach. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 3. Larva feeds on white pine and pitch pine. Middletown, 191 1; Litchfield, 1916. D. abietis (Harris). Lophryus abietis Harris. Larva feeds on black spruce, fir, pitch pine. Connecticut (E. N.). D. lecontei (Fitch). Lophryus lecontei Fitch. Howard, In- sect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 5. Larva feeds on white pine, pitch pine, Pinus banksiana, Scotch pine, and Austrian pine. Middletown (D. MacDonald) ; Hampton (A. B. Roberts) ; Stamford, 8 May, 191 1 (R. T. Morris). °D. akhursti (Norton). Lophyrus akhursti Norton. no. 22.] hymenoptera of connecticut. 45 Emphytin^e. Key to Genera. 1. Posterior metatarsus subequal in length or shorter than the four following segments 2 Posterior metatarsus distinctly longer than the four following segments l3 2. Front wings with second abscissa of Cui never shorter than free part of M« 3 Front wings with second abscissa of Cui always shorter than free part of M« 8 3. Front wings with second abscissa of Cui distinctly longer than free part of M«; claws with a minute erect tooth at middle 4 Front wings with second abscissa of Cui subequal in length to free part of M4 5 4. Front wings with free part of 2d A oblique; hind wings with cell R1+2 without an appendage at apex Hemitaxonus p. 46 Front wings with free part of 2d A perpendicular; hind wings with cell Ri+2 with an appendage at apex Epitaxonus p. 46 5. Hind wings with cell R1+2 always with a distinct appendage at apex; front wings with free part of 2d A oblique 6 Hind wings with cell R1+2 never with an appendage at apex; front wings with free part of 2d A perpendicular Taxonus p. 46 6. Claws bifurcate at apex Monostegia p. 47 Claws always with a tooth but never bifurcate at apex 7 7. Claws cleft, with inner lobe not more than one-half the length of outer lobe ' Phrontosoma p. 47 Claws with an erect tooth at middle Empria p. 48 8. Front wings with radio-medial cross-vein always present.... 9 Front wings with radio-medial cross-vein always wanting Emphytus p. 55 9. Hind wings either with free part of R4, or transverse part of M2, or with both present n Hind wings with both free part of R4 and transverse part of M2 wanting 10 10. Claws with a large erect tooth at middle Parataxonus p. 57 Claws appendiculately toothed at base Polytaxonus p. 58 11. Hind wings with both free part of R4 and transverse part of Mj present Eriocampa p. 58 Hind wings with free part of R4 wanting 12 12. Head and thorax strongly cribrately punctate Pseudosiobla p. 58 Head and thorax smooth, without punctures. . .Monosoma p. 59 46 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 13. Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein present . 14 Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein wanting Macremphytus p. 59 14. Antennae with second segment elongate, about twice as long as broad Strongylogastroidea p. 61 Antennae with second segment annular, not or hardly as long as broad Dimorphopteryx p. 64 Hemitaxonus Ashmead. H. dubitatus (Norton). Tax onus dubitatus Norton. Body black, with the following parts rufous : labrum, clypeus, tegulse, collar broadly, lobes of mesonotum, sternum, pleurae, legs except posterior tibiae and tarsi of female, entire abdomen in fe- male, and abdominal segments one, two, and three in male; an- tennae with third and fourth segments subequal; median fovea deep and broad, frontal ridge unbroken, ocellar basin completely enclosed. Length 10 mm. Larva feeds on Onoclea. Connecticut (E. N.) ; East Hartford, 9 August, 1904, New Haven, 27 July, 1904 (P. L. B.) ; Cheshire, 8 July, 1904, New Haven, 4 July, 1905, Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Bran- ford, 3 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Milldale, 21 May, 1906, New Haven, 19 July, 1905, 1 June, 191 1 (B. H. W.) ; Torrington, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.) Epitaxonus MacGillivray. °E. albidopictus (Norton). Taxonus albidopictus Norton. Body black, with the following parts rufous : pleurae, sternum, a band on abdominal segments one to three, coxae, femora except a ring on apex of posterior pair, and front and middle tibiae except their basal fourth ; with the following parts white : labrum, cly- peus, collar, tegulae, basal fourth of all the tibiae, and basal half of posterior metatarsus ; median fovea extending laterad to the eyes ; frontal ridge unbroken, and ocellar basin completely enclosed. Length 8 mm. Larva feeds on Onoclea scnsibilis. Taxonus Hartig. Key to Species. I. Abdomen entirely black; body black, with all the legs, except the posterior tarsi, rufous; posterior tarsi fuscous; antennae with third segment distinctly longer than fourth; frontal No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 47 ridge wanting, median fovea coinciding with ocellar basin and extending as a narrow groove to above the median ocellus; wings very slightly infuscated, veins and stigma brownish. Length 8 mm nigrisomus Abdomen black, transversely banded with rufous 2 2. Coxae black; body black, with the following parts rufous: labrum, tegulae, a band covering a part of the second and the third and fourth abdominal segments, and legs, except middle and posterior tarsi; third segment of anten- nae longer than fourth; median fovea wanting; ocellar basin distinct, its walls not prominent. Length 8 mm. innominatus Coxae in part pale; body black, with the following parts rufous or white: labrum, tegulae, collar (black in male), entire abdomen in female and a band on segments two to four in male, apices of coxae, trochanters, femora at apex and base, and base of tibiae; hind femora and tibiae in male black; wings hyaline; each ocellus in a basin. Length 6 mm amicus *T. nigrisomus Norton. Larva feeds on dock. Hartford (Nason) ; Branford, 15 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); Stonington, 10 August, 1906 (J. A. Hyslop). °T. innominatus MacGillivray. °T. amicus Norton. Monostegia Costa. M. martini MacGillivray. Body black, with the following parts rufous: labrum, collar broadly, tegulse, metathorax, abdomen, legs, and base of wings; second segment of antennse as long as fourth and fifth together; frontal ridge wanting, and median fovea and ocellar basin united. Length 7 mm. Larva feeds on CEnothera. Hartford (W. E. B.). Phrontosoma MacGillivray. Key to Species. 1. Prothorax and mesonotum in great part rufous 2 Prothorax and mesonotum black 3 2. Antennal furrow below lateral ocelli broad and coarsely punctate; body black, with tegulas, a fine line on the col- 48 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. lar, and all the legs beyond the apical third of femora, white; apex of posterior tibiae and tarsi infuscated; frontal ridge wanting, and median fovea and ocellar basin con- tinuous; third segment of antennae as long as fourth and fifth together. Length 6 mm atra Antennal furrow below lateral ocelli narrow, with sharp walls, and impunctate; body black, with tegulae, a narrow margin to pronotum, front and middle legs beyond basal fourth of femora, and posterior legs beyond knees, white; second segment of antennae about as long as first, third about equal to fourth and fifth together; frontal ridge wanting, median fovea and ocellar basins continuous. Length 8 mm nortoni 3. Femora black except at apex; body black, with a rufous spot covering .the collar and mesonotum; tegulae and legs be- yond the apical third of the femora, white; third seg- ment of the antennae as long as fourth and fifth together; frontal ridge distinct and unbroken, median fovea and ocellar basin therefore not continuous; median fovea as large as or larger than the ocellar basin and extending through the supraclypeal area; triangular depression be- hind median ocellus not extending to the antennal furrow. Length 7 mm daeckei Femora white; body black, with a rufous spot covering the greater part of prothorax and mesonotum; third segment of antennae hardly as long as fourth and fifth together; frontal ridge distinct and unbroken; median fovea long and distinct; ocellar basin almost wanting; triangular depression behind median ocellus distinct and extending to the antennal furrow. Length 7 mm collaris CP. atra MacGillivray. P. nortoni MacGillivray. °P. daeckei MacGillivray. P. collaris MacGillivray. c o Empria LePeletier. Key to Species. Clypeus uniformly flat or convex 2 Clypeus with a median longitudinal ridge or carina, fre- quently minute 6 Antennal furrows broadly rounded depressions, continuous from the antennal fovea to the lateral ocelli; ocellar basin a broadly depressed area from near the antennae to the median ocellus; median fovea a minute pit; ocellar and No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 49 interocellar furrows wanting; clypeus broadly roundly emarginate; third segment of antennas longer than fourth; saw-guides straight above and broadly rounded below to a blunt point at apex above; body black, with labrum, tegulae, and legs, except a spot on the outer margin of coxae, white. Length 7 mm cavata Antennal furrows linear, broadly interrupted on the middle of the front 3 3. Ocellar basin a distinct depression extending to median ocel- lus 4 Ocellar basin wanting, or at most indicated only adjacent to median ocellus; median fovea a rounded pit 5 4. Ocellar basin a linear depression, with a distinct median fovea at its ventral end; ocellar furrow indicated at mid- dle; interocellar furrow distinct; clypeus moderately deeply, angularly emarginate, with a low broad projec- tion at middle; third segment of antennae slightly longer than fourth; saw-guides straight above, convex below, narrowly obliquely rounded at apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, tegulae, a line on the collar, coxae at apex, trochanters more or less, front femora, middle and hind femora at apex, front tibiae and tarsi, middle tibiae at base and beneath, and their tarsi, and hind tibiae at base, dirty white. Length 7 mm callosa Ocellar basin a broad depression with broadly sloping sides, with a deep, broad median fovea at its ventral end; ocellar and interocellar furrows distinct; clypeus slightly bi-emar- ginate at apex, practically truncate; third and fourth seg- ments of antennae subequal; saw-guides convex above, convex below, broadly convexly rounded to a blunt point at middle of apex; body black, with collar, tegulae, base of wings, and legs, white. Length 6 mm castrata 5- Postocellar area and dorsal margin of head polished, region of ocellar furrow flattened; ocellar and interocellar fur- rows distinct; clypeus angularly emarginate, lobes broadly rounded; third segment of antennae longer than fourth; ocellar basin represented by a depression in front of me- dian ocellus; median fovea deep with flaring sides; saw- guides with upper and lower margins parallel and trun- cately rounded at apex; body black, with clypeus at sides, labrum, tegulae, collar, wings at base, and legs beyond apices of coxae, except the front and middle femora more or less beneath, hind femora in great part, and hind tibiae at apex, white. Length 6 mm celsa Postocellar area and dorsal margin of head finely punctate; ocellar and interocellar furrows distinct; clypeus broadly, 4 50 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. shallowly, angularly emarginate, the lobes broadly round- ed; third and fourth segments of antennas subequal; ocellar basin not indicated in front of median ocellus; median fovea large with flaring sides; saw-guides with their upper and lower margins converging, obliquely truncately rounded at apex; body black, with mandibles, clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, base of wings, and legs, except infuscations on femora, hind tibiae, and more or less of their tarsi, white. Length 7 mm convexa 6. Ocellar basin extending to median ocellus 7 Ocellar basin not extending to median ocellus, at most only indicated adjacent to median ocellus or median fovea.... 17 7. Clypeus black 8 Clypeus white 12 8. Ocellar basin dumb-bell-shaped, constricted to a mere line at middle, broad and pit-like adjacent to median ocellus; median fovea an elongate pit; antennal furrows interrupted on the middle of the front; ocellar and interocellar fur- rows distinct; clypeus emarginate with a distinct tooth at middle; third segment of antennas longer than the fourth; saw-guides with upper margins straight, lower margins converging, and broadly obliquely rounded at apex; body black, with labrum, clypeus, collar, tegulae, base of wings, and "legs beyond apices of coxae, white. Length 6 mm callida Ocellar basin not dumb-bell-shaped, of approximately the same width throughout 9 9. Clypeus with a broad, convexly rounded median ridge, occu- pying almost one-third of the width of clypeus; antennal furrows interrupted on the middle of the front; median tooth of clypeus distinct^ shorter than lateral lobes, lateral lobes broadly rounded; ocellar furrow linear, in- terocellar furrow broad and distinct; third segment of antennae almost as long as fourth and fifth together; saw- guides convex above and below, slightly obliquely rounded at apex; body black, with collar, tegulae, front and middle legs below knees, and hind tibiae beneath, white. Length 6 mm cava Clypeus with a fine linear median carina; antennal furrows more or less distinct throughout 10 10. Clypeus tridentate, median tooth as long as lateral angles, broadly, shallowly emarginate, lateral angles rounded, me- dian ridge low, not reaching dorsal margin of clypeus; postocellar area uniformly convex; ocellar and interocellar furrows distinct; third segment of antennae longer than fourth; saw-guides slightly convex above, broadly con- vexly rounded below and at apex to a blunt point above; No. 22.~\ HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 51 body black, with collar, tegulae, legs beyond knees for the most part, and caudal margin of abdominal segments, white. Length, 6 mm costata Clypeus tridentate, median tooth not more than one-fourth the length of lateral lobes II 11. Clypeus shallowly, angularly emarginate, almost truncate, with a small but distinct tooth, lobes angularly rounded; median fovea a rounded pit opposite dorsal margin of antennal fovea; front not strongly produced between an- tennae; ocellar and interocellar furrows deep and distinct; third segment of antennae slightly longer than fourth; saw-guides slightly concave above, convex below, broadly rounded to a blunt point at middle of apex; body black, with labrum, collar, tegulae, front and middle legs below apex of femora, and basal third of hind tibiae, white. Length 6 mm calda Clypeus distinctly, but shallowly, roundly emarginate with a minute tooth, lobes acute; median fovea a pit opposite the middle of antennal fovea; front strongly produced be- tween antennae; ocellar and interocellar furrows distinct; third and fourth segments of antennae subequal; body black, with collar and tegulae white; front and middle legs beyond the basal third of their femora, and hind legs be- yond the apical fourth of their femora, yellowish infus- cated. Length 6 mm cata 12. Ocellar basin extending beyond median fovea to the middle of antennal fovea; supraclypea! area elevated; median fovea but little deeper than ocellar basin; front strongly pro- duced between antennae; ocellar furrow only faintly indi- cated; interocellar furrow distinct; clypeus deeply roundly emarginate, with a minute tooth at middle, and lobes angular; third segment of antennae longer than fourth; saw-guides convex above, straight below, and broadly rounded at apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, tegu- lae, collar, and legs beyond coxse, white. Length 7 mm. caprina Ocellar basin not extending beyond median fovea to the middle of antennal fovea 13 13. Clypeus broadly, shallowly, roundly emarginate 14 Clypeus narrowly, deeply emarginate 15 14. Ocellar basin narrow and linear, ending ventrally in a pit- like median fovea, but little if any wider than ocellar basin; clypeus with a low, broadly rounded tooth at middle, lobes rounded; ocellar and interocellar furrows distinct; third segment of antennae longer than fourth; saw- guides gradually converging on upper and lower margins, and broadly roundly pointed at apex; body black, with 52 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. margin of clypeus, labrum, line on collar, tegulae, front and middle legs below coxae, except infuscation on the middle of femora, hind trochanters, tip of hind femora, base of hind tibiae, and base of their tarsi, white. Length 7.5 mm casta Ocellar basin rather broad, broader near the median fovea; median fovea a broad crater, much wider than the ocellar basin; clypeus with a low broad tooth at middle, lobes broadly rounded; ocellar furrow indicated, interocellar fur- row broad and distinct; the third segment of antennae dis- tinctly longer than fourth; saw-guides convex above, straight and converging to the roundly truncated apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, trochan- ters, front legs below the middle of femora, middle and hind legs beyond knees, apex of hind tibiae and hind tarsi, more or less infuscated, white. Length 7 mm. celebrata 15. Clypeus with a low, broadly rounded tooth at middle 16 Clypeus with a small, acutely pointed tooth; ocellar basin broad with sloping sides, ending ventrally in a large me- dian fovea with broadly sloping sides; ocellar and inter- ocellar furrows distinct; third segment of antennae longer than fourth; saw-guides convex above and below, broadly convexly rounded at apex, extreme apex truncate for a very short distance; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, and legs below knees, white. Length 6 mm. captiosa 16. Supraclypeal area narrow and carinately elevated; clypeus angularly emarginate with broadly rounded lobes and with a broadly rounded median tooth; median fovea an elongate pit with flaring sides at the ventral end of ocellar basin; ocellar furrow indicated, interocellar furrow distinct; third segment of antennae distinctly longer than fourth; saw- guides parallel above and below and truncately rounded at apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, tegulae, and collar narrowly white; legs more or less infuscated. Length 6 mm caeca Supraclypeal area rather broad and only convexly elevated; clypeus deeply, narrowly, angularly emarginate to near the middle of clypeus; lobes roundly pointed; clypeal tooth small but distinct; ocellar and interocellar furrows distinct; a depressed area in front of median ocel- lus; third segment of antennae distinctly longer than fourth; saw-guides with upper and lower margins parallel and broadly truncately rounded at apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, front and middle legs be- yond the apices of coxae, bases of their femora, more or No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 53 less infuscated; hind trochanters, tibiae and tarsi, some- times infuscated, white. Length 7 mm maculata 17. Clypeus black, heavily punctate 18 Clypeus white, smooth or finely punctate 22 18. Clypeus distinctly emarginate 19 Clypeus truncate; antennal furrows adjacent to antennal fovea well marked; ocellar furrow linear, distinct; inter- ocellar furrow broad and deep; third segment of antennas distinctly longer than fourth; saw-guides convex above, convex below, broadly converging to a blunt point just above the middle of apex; body black, with front and mid- dle legs below the middle of femora, and base of tibiae, ringed with white. Length 7 mm cauduca 19. Interocellar furrow extending each side of median ocellus, forming an inverted Y-shaped furrow 20 Interocellar furrow extending only to median ocellus, form- ing only the stem of the Y; median fovea a rounded scar; clypeus with median tooth almost as long as lateral lobes, all angular, appearing tridentate; ocellar and interocellar furrows linear, deep; third and fourth segments of anten- nas subequal; saw-guides convex above and below and slightly obliquely rounded at apex, the lower angle more rounded than the upper; body black, with collar, tegulas, front and middle femora beneath at apex, front tibiae, mid- dle tibiae beneath, and a ring at the base of the hind tibiae, white. Length 6 mm castigata 20. Median fovea a rounded depression 21 Median fovea a wedge-shaped depression; clypeus with tooth and lobes pointed; ocellar furrow faint; interocellar fur- row distinct; postocellar area with a median furrow; antennas with third and fourth segments subequal; body black, with collar, tegulae, apical half of front and middle femora, their tibiae, and knees of hind legs, all more or less infuscated, white. Length 6 mm casca 21. Median fovea a minute pin-hole pit; front flat adjacent to the fovea; clypeus with a small median tooth and lateral lobes broadly rounded; ocellar and interocellar furrows deep and distinct; third segment of antennas slightly longer than fourth; saw-guides straight above, and the lower margin and apex broadly obliquely rounded to a point at the apex above; body black, with collar and tegulae white; legs beyond the middle of femora brownish infus- cated. Length 6 mm ignota Median fovea a broad pit with flaring sides; clypeus with a fine, median carina, median tooth short, lateral lobes broadly angular; ocellar furrow linear, interocellar fur- 54 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. row broad; saw-guides convex above, and broadly convexly rounded below and at apex to a blunt point; body black, with a line on collar, apex of front and middle femora, their tibiae, and basal third of hind tibiae, white. Length 6 mm evecta 22. Clypeus broadly, shallowly emarginate 23 Clypeus narrowly, deeply emarginate, with a small median tooth and carina, lobes broadly angular; median fovea of moderate size, with perpendicular sides, except in front, strongly flaring; a triangular-shaped pit in front of median ocellus; ocellar furrow fine, interocellar furrow broad; saw-guides straight above, straight below, and converging to apex, apex with angles broadly rounded and square at middle; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, and legs below knees, tibiae and tarsi, more or less infus- cated, white. Length 6 mm candidula 23. Postocellar area longitudinally carinate at middle; clypeus broadly emarginate; ocellar furrow faint or wanting, inter- ocellar furrow distinct; third segment of antennae nearly as long as fourth and fifth together; saw-guides convex above and below, convexly and slightly obliquely trun- cately rounded at apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulse, front and middle legs below coxae, femora more or less infuscated, hind trochanters, and a ring on the base of hind tibiae, white. Length 6 mm canora Postocellar area flat, not carinate at middle 24 24. Clypeus angularly emarginate with lobes angular; median fovea a pin-hole pit; ocellar and interocellar furrows faint; third segment of antennae longer than fourth; saw- guides convex above and oblique below, roundly truncated at apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, front and middle trochanters, and hind tibiae and tarsi, white. Length 6 mm cauta Clypeus roundly emarginate with lobes broadly rounded at apex; median fovea a pin-hole pit; ocellar furrow faint, in- terocellar furrow distinct; third segment of antennae slightly longer than fourth; saw-guides straight above, convex below, truncately rounded at apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, front and middle legs below coxae, hind trochanters, and basal third of hind tibiae, white. Length 7 mm cariosa °E. cavata MacGillivray. °E. callosa MacGillivray. °E. caetrata MacGillivray. °E. celsa MacGillivray. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 55 °E. convexa (MacGillivray). °E. callida MacGillivray. °E. cava MacGillivray. *E. costata MacGillivray. New Haven, n May, 191 1 (B. H. W.). E. calda MacGillivray. New Haven, 15 May, 1905 (B. H. W.). °E. cata MacGillivray. °E. caprina MacGillivray. °E. casta MacGillivray. °E. celebrata MacGillivray. °E. captiosa MacGillivray. °E. caeca MacGillivray. E. maculata (Norton). Harpiphorns maculatus Norton. Larva feeds on strawberry. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Hartford, 12 May, 1894; Mt. Carmel, 24 May, 1906, Westville, 2 June, 1908, Yalesville, 26 May, 1908, New Haven, 22 May, 1908 (B. H. W.). °E. cauduca MacGillivray. °E. castigata MacGillivray. E. casca MacGillivray. New Haven, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B.). E. ignota (Norton). Monostegia ignota Norton. Larva feeds on strawberry. Connecticut (E. N.). E. evecta MacGillivray. New Haven, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B.). E. candidula MacGillivray. Waterbury, 9 June, 1905 (W. E. B.). °E. canora MacGillivray. °E. cauta MacGillivray. E. cariosa MacGillivray. Hamden, 25 May, 191 1 (B. H. W.). Emphytus Klug. Key to Species. 1. Head with the antennal furrow at most only faintly indi- cated; collar white 2 56 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Head with a distinct antennal furrow extending from the cly- peus to the occiput ; collar black 3 2. Abdomen with venter white or rufous; body black, with the following parts white: clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, a spot on pleurae, last dorsal abdominal segment, and legs except the posterior tarsi; tergum of abdomen black, with a median broad triangular rufous spot on each seg- ment, the spots frequently united, forming an irregular band; antennae with third and fourth segments subequal; median fovea an elongate, shallow groove; ocellar basin wanting. Length 7 mm apertus Abdomen with venter black; body black, with the following parts white: fine line on collar, tegulae sometimes, an interrogation-shaped point on pleurae (sometimes want- ing), and legs, except middle and posterior tarsi in female and posterior tibiae and tarsi in male; antennae with third segment longer than fourth; median fovea a broadly ex- panding pit just above supraclypeal area; ocellar basin wanting. Length 8 mm inornatus 3. Femora wholly rufous; body black, with the following parts white: labrum usually, tegulae, apices of coxae, trochanters, and fourth abdominal segment in female for the greater part; legs, except the parts named, rufous; antennae with third and fourth segments subequal; ocellar basin an elon- gate depressed area extending from anterior ocellus to supraclypeal area, angular above, broadly roundly ex- panded along the sides, and pointed below, with median fovea at its apex; ocellar furrow distinct, connected with ocellar basin, indicated by a minute notch; saw-guides with upper margins straight and lower margins broadly convexly rounded to a point at apex. Length 8-10 mm mellipes Femora of anterior and middle legs at least in great part black 4 4. Femora all in great part black; body black, with the following parts white: tegulae, costa at base, posterior trochanters, anterior and middle femora at apex in front, basal fourth of tibiae, and fourth abdominal segment in female; legs, with coxae and anterior and middle trochanters black, all the other parts not named, rufous; antennae with third seg- ment longer than fourth, and fourth and fifth subequal; median fovea a broad pit just above supraclypeal area; ocellar basin an ovate depressed area separated from the median fovea by a distinct transverse ridge and extending for some distance behind the lateral ocelli as a fine groove; ocellar furrow wanting; saw-guides convex above and broadly convexly rounded below, and extending to a bluntly rounded point at apex above. Length 8 mm cinctipes No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 57 Femora all in great part black except the posterior pair; body black, with the following parts white: tegulae, tro- . chanters, femora at apex in front, anterior tibiae and tarsi, knees of the middle and posterior tibiae, a spot on the mid- dle of basal plates, and an interrupted band on fourth abdominal segment; legs, with coxae black, all other parts not named, rufous; antennae with third, fourth, and fifth segments subequal; ocellar basin a broad shallow depres- sion extending from above anterior ocellus to supraclypeal area and not interrupted at middle; median fovea a rounded pit in lower part of ocellar basin; interocellar furrow a fine furrow connecting ocellar basin and ocellar furrow; saw-guides with upper and lower margins straight, obliquely truncate, and roundly pointed at apex. Length 7-9 mm gillettii *E. apertus Norton. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Putnam, 12 July 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Thompson (A. P. Morse). E. inornatus Say. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Putnam, 12 July, 1905, Hartford, 20 May, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 19 July, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Wallingford, 7 June, 1910 (W. E. B.). *E. mellipes Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 3. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B.), 4 July, 1905 (H.L. V.). E. cinctipes Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 8. Larva feeds upon rose. Connecticut (E. N.). E. gillettii MacGillivray. Larva feeds on strawberry. Parataxonus MacGillivray. P. multicolor (Norton). Taxonus multicolor Norton. Black, with the following parts yellowish white : clypeus, labrum, a spot in front and between the bases of antennae, posterior and inner orbits, tegulae, collar, an oblique band or spot on pleurae, and legs ; abdomen with a row of elongate, ovate, reddish yellow spots on each side of meson, in some individuals becoming so prominent as to cover the entire abdomen except a trapezoidal or triangular black spot on the middle of each segment; median fovea and ocellar basin continuous. Length 7-8 mm. Larva feeds on white and yellow birch. Hamden, 14 June, 191 1 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 26 May,. 1911 (A. B. C). 58 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Polytaxonus MacGillivray. °P. robustus (Provancher). Taxonus robustus Provancher. Black, with the following parts white: labrum, mandibles, collar, tegulse, apices of coxae, costa, and apical two-thirds of stigma ; with the following parts rufous : legs, except coxa?, tarsi, and apex of posterior tibiae, and a band covering abdominal segments two to five; median fovea large, distinct, extending nearly to median ocellus, ocellar basin not depressed ; third seg- ment of antennae very slightly longer than fourth. Length 8 mm. Eriocampa Hartig. *E. rotunda (Norton). Sciapteryx rotundus Norton. Black, with legs, except coxae and apices of middle and pos- terior femora and posterior tibiae and tarsi, yellowish ; head and thorax strongly punctate; frontal area prominent; third segment of antennae almost as long as fourth and fifth together; wings hyaline with an indistinct fascia beneath stigma. Farmington (E. N.). Pseudosiobla Ashmead. °P. excavata (Norton).' Siobla excavata Norton. Tegulae black; body black, with the following parts yellow: first, second, and base of third segment of antennae, collar, a quadrangular spot on pronotum below tegulae, cenchri, basal plates, trochanters, front femora except a dusky spot at base, their tibiae and tarsi, middle legs beyond the middle of femora, a ring at the base of the posterior femora, basal two-thirds of tibiae, and the greater part of the metatarsus ; first abdominal segment yel- lowish; wings slightly infuscated. Length 10 mm. Larva feeds on button-bush. °P. robusta (Kirby). Siobla robusta Kirby. Tegulae rufous ; body black, with the following parts rufous or yellowish rufous : the first, second, and base of third segment of antennae, metathorax, basal plates, first abdominal segment, legs in part, except where marked with black as in preceding species, and costa and stigma; labrum, collar, area on pronotum below tegulae, and tibiae yellow; wings strongly infuscated. Length 13 mm. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 59 Monosoma MacGillivray. *M. inferentia (Norton). Pcecilostoma inferentia Norton. Female rufous, with the following parts black: head except clypeus and labrum, antennae, metathorax and saw-guides; with the following parts white : labrum, tegulae, collar, and a fine line on the apex of each abdominal segment ; third segment of antennae as long as fourth and fifth together; median fovea and ocellar basin continuous. Male differs in having head, thorax, and ab- domen black, and legs dark rufo-fuscous. Length 8 mm. Larva feeds on alder. Farmington (E. N.). Macremphytus MacGillivray. Key to Species. 1. Antennae either black or rufous at base and white at apex, or entirely black 2 Antennae with four basal segments rufous and five apical seg- ments black; body in female rufous, with the following parts white : labrum, apices of coxae, trochanters, a band at the base of tibiae, metatarsi in part, and basal half of stigma; with the following parts black: five apical seg- ments of antennae, antennal furrow and ocellar basin, lateral portion in part and ventral portion of prothorax, lateral lobes of mesonotum, metathorax in part, coxae, basal half of anterior and middle femora, the posterior femora, and the apex of posterior tibiae; antennae with third seg- ment longer than fourth, fourth and fifth subequal; head with the ridges forming the side of ocellar basin parallel, and with the area between lateral ocelli distinctly depress- ed; postocellar area without a furrow; saw-guides straight above and gradually sloping toward the apex where they are obliquely rounded to a point above. Male differs in having the greater part of head and thorax black and the greater part of legs beyond coxae white or rufous. Length, 8-10 mm semicornis 2. Antennal furrow not as deep opposite the anterior ocellus as elsewhere, and with a supernumerary furrow extending obliquely from the antennal furrow toward the eye 3 Antennal furrow of the same depth throughout and with- out an oblique supernumerary furrow 4 3. Thorax in great part black with rufous markings; head with the raised area between lateral ocelli flat and broken at center by a line-like furrow; ocellar furrow distinct; ocel- 60 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [BulL lar basin shallow, not well denned except near anterior ocellus, where the raised ridges are marked by a flat angu- lar ridge extending back of anterior ocellus, forming the apex of a triangle; antennae with third and fourth seg- ments subequal, fifth shorter; saw-guides narrow, gradually sloping to the apex above and convexly below t,o a rounded point; body rufous, with the following parts white: antennal segments six to nine, labrum, tegulae, basal half of stigma, trochanters, and tarsi; with the following parts black: antennal segments three to five, vertex and front in great part, clypeus, thorax except scutellum, basal plates, coxae, and apical half of posterior femora. Length 10 mm. versicolor Thorax in great part rufous with black markings; head with the raised area between lateral ocelli flat and broken at center by a line-like furrow; ocellar furrow distinct; ocel- lar basin shallow, but with distinct walls, especially heavy near anterior ocellus, and only faintly marked by the shelf extending around anterior ocellus; antennae with third segment slightly longer than fourth and fourth slightly longer than fifth; saw-guides broad, slightly sloping above, the lower margin sloping and rounded abruptly, obliquely truncated at apex; body rufous, with the following parts white: antennal segments six to nine, labrum, tegulae, apices of coxae, trochanters, and tarsi; with- the following parts black: antennal segments four and five, postocellar area, prothorax except collar, lateral lobes of mesonotum, pectus broadly, coxae, apex of middle and posterior tibiae, and apex of saw-guides. Length 14 mm testaceus 4. Body color in general rufous; area between posterior ocelli divided by a deep, angular furrow; ocellar furrow wanting or indistinct; ocellar basin deep with heavy walls, walls converging at middle, constricting the ocellar basin, furrow extending around the anterior ocellus with rounded sides and somewhat indistinct; antennae with segments broad and flat, third and fourth subequal and very slightly longer than fifth; saw-guides with the upper and lower margins slightly converging, obliquely truncated at apex, and bluntly rounded to a point above; body with the following parts white: antennal segments six to nine, labrum, tegulae, scutellum, trochanters, base of posterior femora, and tarsi; with the following parts black: antennal segments four and five, postocellar area, thorax except the parts named and median lobe of mesonotum, bases of the anterior and middle femora, apical half of the posterior femora, and apex of posterior tibiae. Length 10-15 mm varianus No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 6l Body color in general black; area between posterior ocelli divided by a deep angular furrow; ocellar furrow distinct; ocellar basin deep with heavy walls and almost straight, the furrow extending around anterior ocellus with the sides angular and sharply defined; antennae with segments broad, segments three to five subequal in length; saw- guides with the upper margin straight and the lower margin convexly sloping to a point at apex above; body black, with the following parts white: antennal segments six to nine, labrum, trochanters, anterior and middle tibiae, base of posterior tibiae, and tarsi. Length 14-16 mm. tarsatus M. semicornis (Say). Connecticut (E. N.). °M. versicolor (Norton). Larva feeds on Cornus. °M. testaceus Norton. *M. varianus (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 10. Larva feeds on Cornus. Farmington (E .N.). M. tarsatus (Say). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 6. Larva feeds on Cornus. Connecticut (E. N.). Strongylogastroidea Ashmead. Key to Species. 1. Antennae in part pale 2 Antennae entirely black 9 2. Antennae pale at apex and frequently also at base 3 Antennae pale at base only 8 3. Head in great part pale 4 Head in great part black 7 4. Posterior femora black; antennae black at base; body black, with the following parts white: clypeus, labrum, four apical segments of antennae, tegulae, a very narrow line on collar, posterior coxae in great part, trochanters, and scutellum; with the following parts rufous: head with the exception of ocellar and postocellar areas and lower half of antennal furrow, prothorax at sides, median lobe of mesonotum, an irregular spot on mesopleurae, abdomen except saw-guides, front and middle legs beyond middle of femora, and poste- rior tibiae and tarsi; anterior ocellus situated in front of a distinct angular diverging ridge; saw-guides with the upper margin straight, the lower margin semi-straight, rounded, and obliquely truncate and pointed at apex. Length n mm. spiculata Posterior femora rufous, at most only with a ring at apex; antennae usually rufous at base 5 62 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 5. Mesonotum with median lobe rufous 6 Mesonotum with median lobe black; body in female rufous, with the following parts white: clypeus, labrum, antennal segments six to nine, a narrow line on collar, the V-spot of the mesonotum, a spot beneath anterior wings, scutellum, postscutellum; coxa? and trochanters white, shading to rufous; with the following parts black: postocellar area, an irregular spot at base of clypeus, ventral part of prothorax, mesothorax except parts named and a large spot on pleurae, and metathorax; saw-guides with their upper and lower margins subparallel, slightly convex, and rounded, squarely truncate at apex. Male has basal segments of antennae rufous above and pleurae almost entirely rufous. Length 11 mm mellosa 6. Female with saw-guides concave above, convex below, and the apex almost squarely truncate; body rufous with the following parts white: narrow line on collar, scutellum, postscutellum, apices of coxae, and trochanters; with the following parts black: spot surrounding ocelli, a small spot on the middle of postocellar area, lateral lobes of mesonotum, prothorax in great part, pectus, and bases of coxae confusa Female with saw-guides straight or slightly convex above, convex below, and gradually rounded to a blunt point at apex; body rufous., with the following parts white: clypeus, labrum, antennal segments six to nine, usually a fine line on collar, scutellum, and postscutellum; with the following parts black: antennal segments four to six, postocellar area sometimes, lateral lobes of mesonotum, metathorax, ven- tral part of prothorax, pectus, coxae, trochanters in part, saw-guides, and a ring on the apex of posterior femora; amount of black extremely variable, in some specimens entire head, metathorax, prothorax, and entire legs rufous with black lines on sutures. Length nram terminalis 7. Eyes in great part margined with white; body in female black, with the following parts white: clypeus, labrum, antennal segments six to nine, outer orbits, inner orbits, genas, supraclypeal area, posterior margin of head, tegulae, collar, V-spot, a spot beneath each wing, a line or spot on pleurae, scutellum and postscutellum, coxae at side, and trochanters; the following parts rufous: abdomen including basal plates, and legs beyond trochanters; third segment of antennae longer than fourth; saw-guides with the upper and lower margins parallel and broadly truncately rounded at apex. Male differs only in having the white more pro- nounced on center of thorax. Length 11 mm pallidicornis No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 63 Eyes never margined with white; body in female black, with the following parts white: antennal segments six to nine, clypeus, labrum, a fine line sometimes on collar, scutellum and postscutellum, apices of coxae, and trochanters; with the following parts rufous: tegulae, wings at base, abdomen including basal plates, and legs beyond trochanters except a ring on the apex of posterior femora; third segment of antennae longer than fourth; saw-guides with the upper margin straight, lower margin convex, and squarely trun- cated at apex; normal individuals have head entirely black, except as specified above, but many specimens have more or less rufous on the head, and in some individuals head is almost entirely rufous. Male differs only in having apex of abdomen washed with black. Length 9-11 mm apicalis 8. Pleurae entirely black; body in female black, with the follow- ing parts rufous: clypeus, labrum, three or four basal seg- ments of antennae, collar, tegulae, basal portion of wings, legs beyond apices of trochanters, and abdomen beyond basal plates; third segment of antennae longer than fourth; saw-guides convex above and below and obliquely rounded to a point at apex above. Male differs in having labrum, clypeus, collar, tegulae, and bases of legs whitish, and apex of the abdomen infuscated with black. Length 9 mm., .epicera Pleurae entirely rufous; body black, with the following parts white: clypeus, labrum, antennal segments one and two, tegulae, scutellum, costa, coxae, and trochanters; with the following parts rufous: prothorax, mesopleurae, metapleurae in part, abdomen, and legs beyond trochanters except a ring on the apex of posterior femora; third segment of antennae as long as fourth and fifth together; saw-guides straight above, convex below, and obliquely roundly trun- cated at apex. Length 9 mm pallipes 9. Coxae entirely white 10 Coxae entirely black except sometimes at apex; antennae with second segment distinctly longer than broad; body black, with the following parts rufous : labrum, tegulae, base of wings, legs beyond coxae except posterior tarsi, and abdom- inal segments two to five; third segment of antennae longer than fourth; mesopleurae densely, finely punctate; saw- guides with the upper and lower margins parallel and roundly truncated at apex. Length 10 mm rufocincta 10. Scutellum black; body black, with the following parts white: clypeus, labrum, a fine line on collar, tegulae, coxae, tro- chanters, costa, and base of stigma; with the following parts rufous: legs beyond trochanters except a ring on the apex of posterior femora and posterior tarsi, and abdominal segments two, three, and four; third segment of antennae 64 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. longer than fourth; saw-guides with the upper and lower margins parallel and obliquely rounded to a point at the apex above. Length 8 mm unicincta Scutellum white; body black, with the following parts white: clypeus, labrum, collar in great part, postscutellum, coxae, and trochanters; with the following parts rufous: legs beyond trochanters, and abdomen beyond basal plates ex- cept saw-guides; third segment of antennae nearly as long as fourth and fifth together; saw-guides with the upper and lower margins parallel and obliquely truncated at apex. Length 9 mm proxima °S. spiculata MacGillivray. S. mellosa (Norton). Strongylogaster mellosus Norton. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 1 June, 191 1, 30 May, 191 1, Lyme, 20 Aug., 1910 (B. H. W.). . °S. confusa MacGillivray. S. terminalis (Say). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 30. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, (A. E. V.) ; New Haven, 17 June, 191 1. °S. pallidicornis (Norton). S. apicalis (Say). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. II. Larva feeds on Rubus. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Farmington (PI. L. V.) ; Westville, 2 June, 1908; New Haven (A. E. V.) ; 3 June, 1908 (B. H. W.) ; Middlebury, 26 May, 1911 (W. E. B.). S. epicera (Say). Connecticut (E. N.). °S. pallipes (Say). *S. rufocincta (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 26. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Torrington, 7 July, 1905, Prospect, 15 August, 1906 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 26 May, 1904 (H. L. V.), 12 July, 1905 (B. H. W.). *S. unicincta (Norton). Taxonus unicbictus Norton. Farm- ington (E. N.). °S. proxima (Provancher). Strongylogaster proximus Prov- ancher. Dimorphopteryx Ashmead. *D. pinguis (Norton). Strongylogaster pinguis Norton. Body in female black, with the following parts rufous: clypeus, labrum sometimes, tegulse, scutellum and postscutel- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 65 lum (sometimes white), legs beyond apices of coxae except a ring on apices of posterior femora and tibiae, and abdominal segments one to four, with sometimes a spot on the disk of fifth ; antennae varying from yellow to rufous and black ; third segment almost twice as long as fourth ; segments beyond third distinctly serrate; head and thorax deeply, closely punctate; saw-guides with upper and lower margins parallel and oblique- ly roundly truncated at apex. Male differs in having scutellum and postscutellum black and entire abdomen beyond basal plates rufous or infuscated and almost entirely black. Length 9-1 1 mm. Larva feeds on birch, basswood, Amelanchier, and maple. Connecticut (E. N.). A larva feeding upon sweet cherry at New Haven was identified as this species by Dyar. The same species was received from Harwinton, 16 August, 1902. New Britain, 4 August, 1906 (W. E. B.). Selandriin^e Key to Genera. 1. Front wings with first abscissa of Cui distinctly longer than free part of M<; costa dilated at apex 2 Front wings with first abscissa of Cm subequal in length to free part of M«; costa not dilated at apex 4 2. Claws simple, without a tooth at base; front wings with media strongly angularly bent at base Selandria p. 66 Claws with a minute erect tooth at base; front wings with media not strongly angularly bent at base 3 3. First anal cell of hind wings closed at wing margin and there- fore distinctly longer than the cell in front of it; front wings with media coalescing with radial sector for a short distance Polyselandria p. 66 First anal cell of hind wings distinctly petiolate and there- fore shorter than the cell in front of it; front wings with media separating from radius distinctly before origin of radial sector Pseudoselandria p. 66 4. Claws strongly appendiculately dentate Stromboceros Claws not appendiculately dentate 5 5. Claws with a minute erect tooth at base Thrinax p. 67 Claws strongly bifurcate at apex Strongylogaster p. 67 66 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Selandria Leach. *S. flavipes Norton. Black, with tegulae, collar, and legs beyond the apices of coxae yellowish-white; third segment of antennae longer than fourth ; ocellar basin and median fovea distinct and not connected ; tergum of abdomen sometimes reddish; wings yellowish hyaline. Length 5-7 mm. Larva feeds on Pteris aquilina. Connecticut (E.'N.) ; New Haven, 27 July, 1904 (P. L. B.), 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.), 31 July, 1910 (B. H. W.) ; Branford, 28 July, 1905, Thompson, 11 July 1905 (H. L. V.); Orange, 21 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). Polyselandria MacGillivray. °P. decolorata (Cresson). Pleurae wholly shining black ; body black, with tegulae, collar, labrum, and legs beyond apices of the coxae yellowish white ; third segment of the antennae a little longer than the fourth ; wings usually strongly infuscated on the basal two-thirds ; ocellar basin and median fovea distinct ; tergum of the abdomen usually rufous, sometimes entirely black. Length 5-7 mm. °P. floridana (MacGillivray). Pleurae shining black with a large, round, yellowish white spot at middle ; body black, with clypeus, labrum, tegulae, collar, and legs beyond the coxae yellowish white; posterior tarsi infus- cated at apex ; third segment of the antennae very slightly longer than the fourth ; wings strongly infuscated. Length 5 mm. Pseudoselandria MacGillivray. °P. oxalata MacGillivray. Black, with the following parts whitish : two basal segments of the antennae, the labrum, the clypeus, the collar broadly, the tegulae, the upper half or more of the pleurae, the legs, the wings at base, and the abdomen except the saw-guides ; median fovea deep, ovate, transverse; ocellar basin distinct; third segment of the antennae as long as the fourth and fifth together; wings hya- line, with the apex of the radius strongly dilated and black. Length 7 mm. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 67 Thrinax Konow. T. impressatus (Provancher). Strongylogaster impressatus Provancher. Black, with the following parts rufous ; the tegulae, a triangular spot on the collar, the legs beyond the apices of the coxae, the costa, and the basal third of the stigma, the disk of abdominal segments two, three, and four, wholly or in part, or with the apical half of the first and all of the three following segments ; median fovea large, transverse, ovate ; ocellar basin indistinct except adjacent to the anterior ocellus. Length 7-10 mm. New Haven (B. H. W.). Strongylogaster Dahlbom. Key to Species. 1. Antennae dark rufous, with the basal segments red; body- black, with the following parts rufous: upper half of orbits, middle of the pleurae, abdomen, and legs in part; with fol- lowing parts yellow: spot between and beneath the anten- nae, lower half of the orbits, labrum, clypeus, collar, scutel- lum, and a spot at the base of coxae; wings infuscated at middle. Length 10 mm rufescens Antennae entirely black 2 2. Thorax except collar and tegulae rufous, abdomen rufous in female and black in male; remainder of body black; third and fourth segments of antennas subequal; median fovea and ocellar basin wanting; head densely punctate; wings strongly infuscated. Length 8 mm unicus Thorax either entirely black, or black with collar and teg- ulae pale 3 3. Abdomen entirely pale beyond first segment 4 Abdomen entirely or in part black beyond first segment 5 4. Tegulae and collar black; body and legs black, with abdomen and anterior tibiae rufous; wings strongly infuscated; third and fourth segments of antennae subequal; median fovea indistinct; ocellar basin narrow, trough-like; head deeply, sparsely punctate. Length 7-8 mm tacitus Tegulae and large spot on collar yellow; body black, with abdomen beyond first segment and legs brownish; wings hyaline, costa and stigma in great part brownish; third and fourth segments of antennae subequal; head finely, sparsely punctate. Length 9 mm longulus 5. Abdomen with basal half of each segment straw-yellow and apical half black; wings hyaline, stigma and costa pale; antennae with third segment longer than fourth; head . 68 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. coarsely punctate; legs black, with tips of femora, tibiae, and tarsi pale reddish. Length 9 mm multicinctus Abdomen never with basal half of each segment pale and apical half black 6 6. Abdomen with basal half of segments black and apical half whitish; antennae with third and fourth segments subequal; head rough, and densely finely punctate; body black, with tegulae, a broad spot on collar, and legs beyond apices of femora, except apices of tarsi, yellowish white; wings hya- line, costa and apex of stigma pale; median fovea and ocel- lar basin fairly distinct. Length 10-11 mm. .... annulosus Abdomen either entirely black, or abdominal segments with a narrow pale line; antennae with third and fourth segments subequal; head very finely punctate; body black, with tegu- lae, collar, labrum, anterior and middle tibiae and tarsi, and basal half of posterior tarsi, yellowish white; coxae, tro- chanters, and femur rufous, remainder of legs black; me- dian fovea and ocellar basin distinct. Length 10 mm. . .politus °S. rufescens Norton. °S. unicus Norton. S. tacitus Say. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Cheshire, 8 July, 1904, Thompson, 11 July, 1904 (H. L. V. ); New Haven, 9 June, 1905, 31 July, 1910 (B. H. W.), 28 July, 1911 (A. B. C.).; Hamden, 25 May, 1911, Lyme, 29 May, 1910 (A. B. C.)- °S. longulus Norton. °S. multicinctus Norton. °S. annulosus Norton. Larva feeds on Pteris aquilina. °S. politus Provancher. DOLERINAE. Key to Genera. Genae broad, their width as great as the length of first segment of antennae, eyes therefore distant from base of mandibles; eyes round or short oval in outline, inner margin always convex Dolerus p. 69 Genae narrow, their width distinctly less than the length of first segment of antennae, eyes therefore adjacent to base of mandibles; eyes elongate and emarginate on their inner margin Loderus p. 76 NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 69 Dolerus Jurine. Key to Species. 1. Surface of apex of scutellum entirely smooth 2 Surface of apex of scutellum wholly or in part punctate or striate 14 2. Mesonotum with median lobe either finely punctate or almost impunctate at middle, and with large, coarse punctures or rugosities at sides 3 Mesonotum with median lobe uniformly punctate at middle and at sides, at least never with a band of large punctures on each side 1 1 3. Pectus with three longitudinal rows of punctures that are distinctly larger than the adjacent punctures 4 Pectus not with three rows of larger punctures; if any of the punctures are larger than others, then not arranged in rows 10 4. Vertical furrow with its lateral margin continued as an ele- vated area to upper corner of eye 5 Vertical furrow with its lateral margin not extended as an elevated area below lateral ocelli 7 5. Head with a distinct carina between posterior orbits and occiput; postocellar area and upper orbits uniformly punc- tate; median lobe of mesonotum more densely punctate than lateral lobes; lateral lobes and the scutellum uni- formly punctate; body dull black; wings fuliginous. Length 10-12 mm sericeus Head not with a distinct carina between posterior orbits and occiput; postocellar area with fewer, smaller punc- tures than upper orbits 6 6. Scutellum and inflexed and dorsal portions of lateral lobes of mesonotum with the punctuation similar in size and arrangement; vertical furrows distinct and sharply cut, with an impunctate area on the posterior orbits; median lobe of mesonotum more densely punctate than lateral lobes; body dull black; wings infuscated, especially around the margins. Length 10 mm parasericeus Scutellum and inflexed portion of mesonotum with punc- tuation larger and distinctly denser than on dorsal surface; vertical furrows distant and sharply cut, with an impunc- tate area on upper orbits; median lobe of mesonotum distinctly more densely punctate than lateral lobes; body dull black; wings fuliginous. Length 12 mm neosericeus 7. Punctures on scutellum more sparse and twice as large as those of lateral lobes of mesonotum; vertical furrows deep with sloping sides; postocellar area more finely punc- tate than posterior orbits; head with a carina between occi- yo CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. put and posterior orbits; body dull black; wings infus- cated. Length n mm polysericeus Punctures on scutellum similar in size and arrangement to those of lateral lobes of mesonotum 8 8. Vertical furrows obsolete; mesonotum with impunctate area on lateral surface of lateral lobes extending to median lobes; postocellar area more closely punctate than pos- terior orbits; posterior orbits not with a ridge extending from antennal furrow to eye; median lobe of mesonotum and scutellum more deeply and distinctly punctate than lateral lobes; wings fuliginous, veins and stigma black; body black. Length 10 mm tectus Vertical furrows deep and distinct 9 9. Mesonotum with the impunctate area on lateral surface of lateral lobes not extending to median lobe; postocellar area and posterior orbits uniformly punctate; posterior orbits with" a fine ridge extending from posterior end of antennal furrow to eye; median lobe of mesonotum finely, densely punctate; body uniformly black; wings fuliginous. Length 14 mm colosericeus Mesonotum with impunctate area on lateral surface of lat- eral lobes extending to median lobe; the postocellar area more finely punctate than posterior orbits; posterior orbits not with a fine ridge extending from antennal furrow to eye; median lobe of mesonotum finely, densely punctate; body uniformly black; wings fuliginous. Length 10 mm. monosericeus 10. Vertical furrows continued as broad distinct furrows to near middle of eyes; mesonotum with impunctate area on lateral surface of lateral lobes not extending to median lobe; postocellar area with many fine punctures, and posterior orbits with adjacent large punctures, subrugose; body en- tirely black, except abdominal segments one to five which are rufous; wings infuscated on apical half. Length 12 mm apriloides Vertical furrows not continued below lateral ocelli; mes- onotum with the impunctate area of lateral surface of lat- eral lobes extending to median lobe; postocellar area and posterior orbits finely punctate, postocellar area more densely; body black, with abdominal segments one to five rufous; wings hyaline, smoky toward the apex. Length n mm neoaprilis n. Head with a distinct carina between occiput and posterior orbits 12 Head not with a distinct carina between occiput and posterior orbits 13 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. JI 12. Mesonotum with median lobe densely punctate and lateral lobes almost smooth; postocellar area densely, finely punc- tate, and posterior orbits almost smooth; vertical furrows sharp and distinctly cut; body black, with collar, tegulae, abdominal segments one to five, and legs beyond the mid- dle of coxae, rufous; wings slightly infuscated. Length 8 mm minusculus Mesonotum with median lobe not more densely punctate than lateral lobes; postocellar area and posterior orbits uniformly punctate; body black, with pronotum in front irregularly, abdominal segments one to four, segment five at base, apical half of front coxae, front femora and tibiae, middle femora and tibiae, except a black spot above at apex, and knees in part, rufous; tegulae white; wings hya- line. Length 8 mm luctatus 13. Mesonotum with the impunctate area of lateral surface of lat- eral lobes not extending to median lobe; vertical furrows linear, definite, sharply cut, three times as long as broad; head with a transverse furrow extending between eyes and behind ocelli; head uniformly punctate; body black, with pronotum entirely, median lobe of mesonotum, and upper half of mesoepimeron, rufous; wings slightly infuscated. Length 10 mm neocollaris Mesonotum with the impunctate area of lateral surface of lateral lobes extending distinctly to median lobe; verti- cal furrows punctiform, indefinite, as broad as long; head uniformly, finely punctate; body rufous, with head, anten- nae, lateral lobes of mesonotum, scutellum at middle, pec- tus, saw-guides, stigma on its outer half, legs, except knees of front pair, black; wings infuscated at middle. Length 9 mm icterus 14. Surface of apex of scutellum wholly or in part punctate 15 Surface of apex of scutellum wholly or in part striate 16 15. Surface of apex of scutellum uniformly finely punctate; verti- cal furrows distinct; postocellar area and posterior orbits uniformly, closely punctate; lateral lobes of mesonotum more finely and densely punctate than the median lobe or scutellum; body black, with pronotum, median lobe of mesonotum, and upper half of pleurae rufous; wings sub- hyaline, clouded at apex. Length 12 mm refugus Surface of apex of scutellum longitudinally striate at middle and punctate at sides; vertical furrows narrow, line-like, distinct; postocellar area more finely and densely punctate than posterior orbits; median lobe of mesonotum and scutellum finely densely punctate, lateral lobes smooth with distant punctures; body black, with abdominal seg- J2 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. ments one to five rufous; wings yellowish, veins black. Length 9 mm .inspectus 16. Surface of apex of scutellum not striate over its entire sur- face u 17 Surface of apex of scutellum striate over its entire surface. ... 19 17. Mesonotum with the median lobe with a row of punctures on each side that are four or five times as large as the adjacent punctures; postocellar area and posterior orbits uniformly punctate; sides of antennal furrow behind ocelli continued as a ridge to eyes; body black, with a nar- row margin on pronotum, abdominal segments one to four and the basal half of fifth segment, trochanters in part, femora, except a black spot at apex above, and knees, rufous ; wings hyaline. Length 8 mm apricus Mesonotum with median lobe not with a row of large punc- tures on each side , 18 18. Antennal furrow an elongate, punctiform indentation not ex- tending below lateral ocelli; postocellar area and posterior orbits uniformly punctate; mesonotum and scutellum mod- erately, densely, finely punctate; body rufous, with head, antennae, lateral lobes of mesonotum, metanotum, scutel- lum except at sides, postscutellum, pectus, legs, and saw- guides black; wings fuliginous with clearer lines. Length 11 mm bicolor Antennal furrow extending as a narrow, depressed line from occiput below lateral ocelli; postocellar area and posterior orbits with punctures of the same size but closer together on postocellar area; lateral lobes of mesonotum not so densely punctate as median lobe or scutellum; body black., with abdominal segments one to four, and tibiae, at least on their basal half, rufous. Length 7 mm cohaesus 19. Surface of apex of scutellum longitudinally striate 20 Surface of apex of scutellum transversely striate 24 20. Head viewed from above with a deep transverse furrow, broadly rounded at bottom, extending from vertical fur- row to beyond hind angle of eye 21 Head viewed from above not with a deep transverse furrow extending from vertical furrow to eye, sometimes indicated for a part of the distance 23 21. Vertical furrows punctiform or wanting; postocellar area more densely punctate than posterior orbits or region ad- jacent to vertical furrows; vertex with a small impunctate area adjacent to vertical furrows; scutellum more densely punctate than lobes of mesonotum; body black, with pro- thorax, tegulae, median lobe of mesonotum, and abdominal segments one to six, rufous. Length 9 mm inspiratus Vertical furrows linear and distinct 22 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 73 22. Head with postocellar area more densely punctate than sides of vertex; body black, with median lobe of mesonotum sometimes knees, and abdominal segments one to five, rufous; wings hyaline, veins black, stigma paler below. Length 8 mm conjugatus Head with the postocellar area and sides of the vertex uni- formly, finely punctate; body black, with abdominal seg- ' ments one to five and basal half of sixth, rufous; wings hyaline, veins and stigma black. Length 10 mm dysporus 23. Mesonotum with impunctate area on sides of lateral lobes not extending to margin of median lobe; head with a fine ridge extending from eye obliquely toward occiput; median lobe of mesonotum more densely punctate than lateral lobes; body black, with the prothorax, tegulae, and abdom- inal segments one to five, rufous; wings very slightly in- fuscated, veins and stigma black. Length 8 mm plesius Mesonotum with impunctate area on sides of lateral lobes extending broadly to margin of median lobe; head not with a fine ridge extending from eye toward occiput; mesonotum finely, densely punctate; body black, with pro- thorax, teguke, median lobe of mesonotum, upper half of pleurae, and abdomen except saw-guides, rufous; wings infuscated, veins black. Length 9 mm agcistus 24. Mesonotum with impunctate area on sides of lateral lobes distinct and extending broadly to median lobe 25 Mesonotum with impunctate area on sides of lateral lobes almost entirely wanting, or, at least always separated from median lobe by a narrow punctate area 26 25. Antennal furrows subobsolete above base of antennae or with minute lateral fovese; body in female blue, with prono- tum, tegulae, lobes of mesonotum, except a blue spot on middle of median lobe, rufous; wings uniformly infuscated, veins black; male differs in having body wholly blue. Length 10 mm unicolor Antennal furrows extending as deep linear furrows above base of antennae to near middle of face; body in female dull black, with pronotum, lobes of mesonotum, and usually upper anterior corner of pleurae, rufous; wings uniformly infuscated; male differs in having body entirely dull black. Length 10 mm collaris 26. Head when viewed from above with a transverse furrow ex- tending behind eyes and ocelli 27 Head when viewed from above with a transverse furrow extending across head behind eyes, interrupted by an oblique ridge extending from postocellar area to upper posterior corner of eye; lateral lobes of mesonotum not so densely punctate on the disk as at sides; body black, with 74 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. prothorax for the most part, a spot on each side of me- dian lobe of mesonotum, tegulae, knees, and abdominal segments one to five, rufous; wings yellowish hyaline, paler at base. Length 10 mm stugnus 27. Head with a carina behind the eyes between the occiput and posterior orbits 28 Head not with a carina behind the eyes between the occiput and posterior orbits 29 28. Head with postocellar area more densely punctate than sides of vertex; median third of lateral lobes of mesonotum more densely punctate than its disk; body black, with labrum, prothorax, median lobe of mesonotum, front legs beyond middle of femora, tegulse, and abdominal segments one to six and sometimes part of seventh, rufous; wings hyaline or very slightly infuscated. Length 9 mm similis Head with postocellar area and sides of vertex uniformly densely punctate; median third of lateral lobes of mesono- tum not more densely punctate than its disk; body black, with abdominal segments one to five and usually a part of six, rufous; wings hyaline or very slightly infuscated. Length 9 mm aprilis 29. Vertex adjacent to postocellar area with a small impunctate area; postocellar area as densely punctate as the front; median lobe of mesonotum not so densely punctate as lat- eral lobes; body black, with prothorax, tegulae, median lobe of mesonotum except at middle, and abdominal seg- ments one to five, rufous; wings hyaline, veins black, stigma rufous below. Length 7 mm acritus Vertex without an impunctate area adjacent to postocellar area 30 30. Median lobe of mesonotum finely, densely punctate, lateral lobes not so closely, but deeply punctate; body dull black, with abdomen wholly rufous; third segment of antennas but little longer than fourth; wings infuscated, veins black, stigma black, paler on hind margin. Length 8 mm. abdominalis Median lobe of mesonotum with large, distant punctures, lateral lobes with distant shallow punctures, appearing al- most smooth; scutellum more closely and finely punctate than lobes of mesonotum; front densely, compactly punc- tate, posterior orbits coarsely punctate, not so densely adjacent to the postocellar area as distant from it; postocel- lar area coarsely punctate, more densely than the portion of the posterior orbits adjacent to it; body black, with pro- thorax, tegulse, a spot on each side of median lobe of mesonotum, lateral lobes of mesonotum, upper half of \ No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 75 pleurae, basal plates, and abdomen except the saw-guides, rufous. Length 11 mm versus D. sericeus Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 27. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Stonington, 26 April, 1907 (W. E. B.). °D. parasericeus MacGillivray. °D. neosericeus MacGillivray. °D. polysericeus MacGillivray. *D. tectus MacGillivray. New Haven, 4 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). D. colosericeus MacGillivray. New Haven, 4 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). D. monosericeus MacGillivray. New Haven, 4 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). °D. apriloides MacGillivray. °D. neoaprilis MacGillivray. °D. minusculus MacGillivray. °D. luctatus MacGillivray. °D. neocollaris MacGillivray. °D. icterus MacGillivray. D. refugus MacGillivray. New Haven, 4 Mav, 1904 (H. L. V.). °D. inspectus MacGillivray. D. apricus (Norton). Connecticut (E. N.) ; Salisbury, 30 August, 1904, Torrington, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). D. bicolor Beauvois. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 4 May, 1904 (H. L. V. ) ; Lyme, 2 April, 1910, 14 May, 1911, Orange, 21 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). °D. cohsesus MacGillivray. *D. inspiratus MacGillivray. Hamden, 14 July, 191 1 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 30 May, 30 July, 191 1 (A. B. C). D. conjugatus MacGillivray. Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); New Haven, 15 May, 1911 (A. B. C). D. dysporus MacGillivray. New Haven, 19 April, 1910 (B. H. W.). °D. plesius MacGillivray. j6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °D. agcistus MacGillivray. D. unicolor Beauvois. Female, D. arvensis Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 10. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 4, 7 May, 1904 (H. L. V.), 2 May, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Westville, 22 April, 1905, 16, 25 April, 5 May, 1906, Stonington, 26 April, 17 May, 1907 (W. E. B.) ; Branford, 11 May, 1906 (H. W. W.) ; Westport, 12 April, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Manchester, 1 May, 191 1 (B. H. W.) ; Lyme, 2 April, 1910 (A. B. C.) ; Ware- house Point, 21 April, 1910 (W. E. B.). D. collaris Say. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Lyme, 2 April, 1910 (A. B. C). °D. stugnus MacGillivray. *D. similis Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 31. Connecticut (E. N.). *D. aprilis (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 17. Connecticut (E. N.) : New Haven, 4, 7 May, 1904 (H. L. V.), 15, 17 May, 9 June, 12 July, 1905, 19 April, 1910 (B. H. W.). Occurs throughout the state. °D. acritus MacGillivray. *D. abdominalis (Norton). Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 4 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). D. versus Norton. New Haven (A. E. V.). Loderus Konow. *L. albifrons (Norton). Dolerus albifrons Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 20. Surface of the apex of the scutellum very finely striate at base, smooth at apex; head very finely, densely, uniformly punctate, the lower half covered with a dense, white, sericeous pile ; lobes of mesonotum uniformly finely punctate; body black, with the supra- clypeal area, the clypeus, the labrum, the inner orbits enlarged into a wedge-shaped dilation near the middle of the eye, and the tegulse, white ; front and middle legs beyond the trochanters, the tarsi (sometimes infuscated), the posterior trochanters, the poste- rior femora except a ring at apex, and abdominal segments one to four and a part of the fifth, rufous; wings hyaline or slightly infuscated. Length, 8 mm. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Milldale, 21 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). no. 22.] hymenoptera of connecticut. jj Phyllotomin^e. Key to Genera. Antennas with second segment about one-half as long as first and about as long as broad; clypeus truncate Endelomyia p. 77 Antennae with second segment subequal in length with first and always much longer than broad; clypeus emarginate. Caliroa p. 77 Endelomyia Ashmead. E. asthiops (Fabricius). Eriocampoides ccthiops Fabricius. Monostegia roses Harris. Rose Sawfly. Body black, with the front and middle legs below the knees, and the knees of the hind legs, white; a distinct V-shaped fur- row behind the median ocellus, connecting with an indistinct furrow in front of the postocellar area ; pentagonal area entirely wanting ; lateral foveas minute ; saw-guides straight above, broadly convexly rounded from base to a point at apex above. Larva feeds on various species of Rosa. Length 5 mm. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Branford, 12 May, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; New Haven, 24 May, 1908 (B. H. W.). Caliroa Costa. Key to Species. 1. Clypeus roundly emarginate 2 Clypeus angularly emarginate 8 2. Front wings with radial cross-vein and free part of R« in- terstitial or nearly so; body black, with front and middle legs below knees white; walls of pentagonal area distinct, a V-shaped furrow behind median ocellus, lateral walls of pentagonal area continued to bases of antennae where they are enlarged and separated by a distinctly and deeply impressed triangular median fovea; saw-guides long and slender, straight above and below, oblique and bluntly rounded at apex; wings more or less infuscated on basal half. Length 6 mm cerasi Front wings with radial cross-vein and free part of R4 dis- tant 3 3. Front distinctly impressed around the median ocellus; V- shaped furrow always more or less indicated 4 Front uniformly flat around the median ocellus, without any indication of a V-shaped furrow 6 4. Supraclypeal area convexly elevated throughout its entire length 5 78 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Supraclypeal area flat, somewhat elevated adjacent to the median fovea; body black, with front and middle legs below knees, basal half of posterior tibiae, and metatarsi, white; pentagonal area rounded in outline behind, walls low and fading out before; median fovea shaped like an impressed tetrahedron with all its margins broadly rounded; saw- guides retracted, convex below and bluntly rounded to a blunt point; wings infuscated on basal half. Length 6 mm. lorata 5. Postocellar area distinctly broader than long and not strongly convex; body black, with front and middle legs below knees, hind legs with knees, basal half of tibiae, and tarsi more or less, white; pentagonal area angular in outline behind median ocellus, with distinct walls, gradually fad- ing out in front; median fovea shaped like an impressed tetrahedron, the outer margin being rounded; saw-guides convex above and below, gradually rounded to a point at the apex; wings hyaline. Length 4.5 mm lunata Postocellar area about as long as broad and strongly convex; body black, with front and middle legs below knees, basal two-thirds of hind tibiae, and basal three- fourths of hind metatarsi, white or luteous; pentagonal area angular behind median ocellus, deep and distinctly im- pressed, walls slanting; median fovea deep and strongly impressed, sides parallel, gradually shelving off above; front with deep, round, pit-like lateral foveae not joining the antennal foveas; saw-guides straight above, broadly convexly rounded below to a blunt point at apex above. Length 4-6 mm quercus-alba 6. Front with sides of pentagonal area extending ridge-like to bases of antennae, never mound-like 7 Front with sides of pentagonal area expanded above bases of antennae into mound-like elevations; body black, with front and middle legs below knees, hind tibiae on basal half, and their tarsi in part, white; pentagonal area with all its walls perfectly flat; clypeus deeply emarginate; saw- guides retracted, pointed at apex; wings hyaline. Length 5-5 mm lobata 7. Frontal crest strongly elevated above general level of basin above it; walls of pentagonal area distinct, strongly ex- panded below into a pair of elevated parenthesis-shaped ridges; body black, with legs below knees, except apical half of posterior tibiae, white; antennae with third segment subequal in length to fourth and fifth together; saw-guides with sides parallel, slender, and bluntly rounded at apex; wings infuscated on the basal half. Length 6 mm obsoleta No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 79 Frontal crest not elevated above general level of the basin above it; walls of pentagonal area distinct, but broadly rounded, broadly expanded at their ventral ends, parenthe- sis-shaped, the curve being turned outward, forming a frontal crest not strongly raised above the surface adjacent to it, deeply broken at the middle; body black, with legs below middle of the femora white, more or less fuscous in places; third segment of antennae not as long as fourth and fifth together; wings infuscated. Length 4 mm quercus-coccinea 8. Supraclypeal area broadly convex, not with an elevated ridge at the middle; body black, with front and middle legs beyond knees fuscous white; pentagonal area indefinite, the V-shaped area indicated, lateral ridges continued to bases of antennae; median fovea triangular in outline, with rounded walls; antennae with third segment as long as fourth and fifth together; saw-guides straight on upper and lower margins, obliquely truncated and with a blunt point at the apex above; wings more or less infuscated. Length 5-5 mm fasciata Supraclypeal area elevated at the middle into a prominent carina; body black, with legs beyond knees white; pentag- onal area well defined, with a distinct V-shaped furrow behind the median ocellus; median fovea indefinite, trans- verse; third segment of antennae not as long as fourth and fifth together; saw-guides straight above, slightly convexly rounded, somewhat truncated at apex above; wings hya- line. Length 4.5 mm lata C. cerasi (Linnaeus). Eriocampoides limacina Retzius. Selandria cerasi Peck. Eriocampa cerasi Peck. Pear Slug. Larva is reported as feeding on Pyrus, Prunus, Rubus, Amyg- dalus, Cratcugus, Betula, and Quercus. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 20 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °C. lorata MacGillivray. °C. lunata MacGillivray. *C. quercus-alba (Norton). Selandria quercus-alba Norton. Monostegia quercus-alba Norton. Larva feeds on white oak. Farmington (E. N.). °C. lobata MacGillivray. *C. obsoleta (Norton). Selandria obsoleta Norton. Larva feeds on wild cherry. Poquonock, New Haven (H. L. V.) ; Branford, 20 May, 1905 (H. W. W.). 80 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °C. quercus-coccinea (Dyar). Monostegia quercus-coccinea Dyar. Larva feeds on the leaves of the scarlet oak, Quercus coccinea. *C. fasciata (Norton). Selandria fasciata Norton. Erio- campa fasciata Norton. Larva feeds on oak. New Haven, 26 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °C. lata MacGillivray. TENTHREDININyE. Key to Genera. 1. Head broad between the eyes, broader at the antennae than the eyes are long; inner margins of the eyes subparallel. .. 2 Head narrow between the eyes, narrower at the antennae than the length of the eyes; eyes strongly convergent below. ... 8 2. Antennal sockets with their mesal margins not dilated.... 3 Antennal sockets with their mesal margins distinctly dilated 4 3. Anal veins anastomosed for a considerable distance, free part of 2d A wanting Pachyprotasis p. 81 Anal veins not anastomosed; free part of 2d A present. Lagium p. Si 4. Basal plates divided at the middle by a longitudinal suture. .. 6 Basal plates not divided at the middle 5 5. Malar space distinctly shorter than width of the posterior orbits; hind wings with either free part of R4 or M2 or both present Tenthredopsis p. 82 Malar space subequal in length to width of posterior orbits; hind wings with both the free part of R* and M2 wanting. Neopus p. 82 6. Clypeus truncate Bivena p. 82 Clypeus distinctly emarginate 7 7. Lateral ocelli above a line drawn between the posterior corners of the eyes; hind wings with free part of R* and transverse part of M2 wanting Leucopelmonus p. 83 Lateral ocelli below a line drawn between the posterior corners of the eyes; hind wings with free part of R4 and transverse part of M2 present Rhogogastera p. S3 8. Antennal sockets with their mesal margins not dilated, or, if dilated, only slightly so and then not with the area between them deeply hollowed out 9 Antennal sockets with their mesal margins strongly dilated and with the area between them deeply hollowed out; an- tennae never thickened toward apex Tenthredo p. 83 9. Antennae with nine segments 10 Antennas with eight segments Labidia p. 92 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 8l 10. Hind coxae elongated so that apex of hind femora reaches to or beyond apex of abdomen; middle coxa? much smaller than hind coxae, reaching to or slightly beyond proximal end of hind coxae Macrophya p. 92 Hind coxae not elongated, apex of hind femora not reaching to apex of abdomen; middle coxae subequal in size to hind coxae, reaching to and usually beyond middle of hind coxae Allantus p. 101 Pachyprotasis Hartig. P. rapae (Linnaeus). Pachyprotasis omega Norton. Synair- ema americana Provancher. Female : body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, postgenae, inner and posterior orbits, antennae at base beneath, V-shaped spot on mesonotun, tegnlae, scutellum, postscutellum, plurae, spot at base of hind wings, coxae, trochanters, front and middle femora and tibiae and tarsi beneath, basal half of posterior femora, poste- rior tibiae beneath, and lateral margin of abdomen, white. Male differs in having the white more extended. Length 6-7 mm. Connecticut (E. N.). Lagium Konow. Key to Species. 1. Head above lateral ocelli impunctate, strongly punctate below; median femoral pocket smooth, polished, impunc- tate; body black, with apices of front femora and their tibiae and tarsi beneath yellowish; second and third abdom- inal segments above rufous; wings strongly infuscated. Length 13 mm cinctulum Head above and below lateral ocelli strongly punctate; me- dian femoral pocket finely longitudinally rugose 2 2. Abdomen wholly black; body black, with apex of anterior femora, their tibiae and tarsi beneath, yellow; a spot on the posterior coxae white, sometimes wanting in males; wings strongly infuscated. Length 13 mm atroviolaceum Abdomen wholly rufous beyond the basal plates, except the saw-guides atroviolaceum var. tardum L. cinctulum (Norton). Tenthredo atroviolacea var. cinctula Norton. New Haven, 13 July, 1904 (P. L. B.) ; Scotland, 25 July, 1904 (B. H. W.) ; Lyme, 5 August, 191 1 (A. B. C). L. atroviolaceum (Norton). Tenthredo atroviolacea Norton. Tenthredopsis atroviolacea Norton. Connecticut (E. N.). 82 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. L. atroviolaceum var. tardum (Norton). Tenthredo atrovio- lacea var. tarda Norton. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Hartford (Nason). Tenthredopsis Costa. *T. semilutea (Norton). Tenthredo semilutea Norton. Female : body black, with the clypeus, labrum, mandibles, supraclypeal area, line on collar, tegulae, lateral margin of prono- tum, broad spot on mesopleurse, line on metapleurae, pectus for the most part, small spot of lateral lobes of mesonotum, scutellum, the coxae, and the trochanters, white ; abdomen beyond the basal plates, antennae either entirely beyond the second segment or beneath beyond the second segment, and the remainder of the legs except a black ring on the apex of posterior femora, rufous. Male differs in having a line on the front and middle legs extending to the apex of femora and on the posterior legs extending to the apex of the tibiae, with the disk of the basal plates, the two basal abdominal segments, and a minute spot around the abdominal spiracles, black. Length 7-8 mm. Connecticut (E. N.). Neopus MacGillivray. °N. 14-punctatus (Norton). Tenthredo 14-pnnctata Norton. Tenthredopsis 14-punctata Norton. Body greenish white, with a spot on the vertex, the disk of each lobe of the mesonotum, the disk of the pronotum. the sutures of the thorax, the legs more or less above, the tarsi dark- est, and the sutures of the abdomen, black ; sometimes the metathorax entirely, a line between the prothoracic pleurae and pectus, and a triangular spot on the disk of the abdominal seg- ments, black. Length 9 mm. Bivena MacGillivray. °B. delta (Provancher). Pachyprotasis delta Provancher. Tenthredopsis delta Provancher. Homoconeura delta Provancher. Female: body black, with the clypeus, labrum, mandibles, supraclypeal area, genae, inner orbits, collar narrowly, tegulae, spot on mesopleurae, scutellum, spot above posterior coxae, coxae for the most part, and trochanters, white ; antennae beneath, legs beyond trochanters, except the posterior femora and tibiae at No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 83 apex, and abdominal segments two to four, rufous. Male differs in having more black on the posterior legs. Length 6-8 mm. Leucopelmonus MacGillivray. °L. annulatus MacGillivray. Female : body black, with the labrum, antennal segments five and six, the tegulae, the apices of the coxae, the trochanters, the middle and posterior tarsi, and the stigma at base, white ; antennae at base, the clypeus, mandibles, spot on supraclypeal area, pro- thorax, mesonotum except spots on lateral lobes, scutellum, post- scutellum, legs beyond the trochanters except parts named, meso- pleurae and metapleurae in great part sometimes, and abdomen, rufous. Male differs in having the entire antennae and only abdominal segments one to five rufous, the posterior femora and tibiae black at apex. Length 7-10 mm. Rhogogastera Konow. °R. evansii (Harrington). Tenthredopsis evansii Harrington. Body greenish-yellow, with the antennae above, a spot on the vertex, the greater part of the mesonotum, the metanotum, the apex of the scutellum, a broad band along the middle of the ter- gum, the apices of the tibiae, and the apex of each tarsal segment, black; wings hyaline; the head smooth, impunctate. Length 12 mm. Tenthredo Linnaeus. Key to Species. 1. Antennae wholly or in part pale 2 Antennae wholly black , 20 2. Antennae wholly pale 3 Antennae in part black 8 3. Abdomen wholly black beyond basal plates 4 Abdomen wholly or in part rufous 6 4. Femora rufous 48 Femora for the most part black 5 5. Head uniformly finely punctate; body black, with clypeus, la- brum, mandibles at base, scutellum, legs beyond coxae except posterior femora, and basal plates in part, yellow; antennae, posterior orbits, tegulae, wings in great part, and anterior and middle femora, somewhat rufous. Length 11 mm fernaldi Head impunctate, but finely, indefinitely wrinkled; body black, with antennae, clypeus in part, front femora before, 84 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. front and middle tibiae and tarsi before, tarsal segments ringed with black at apex, yellowish fuscous; sides of basal plates yellow; wings slightly infuscated, the veins and stigma fuscous. Length 12 mm dubitata 6. Ocellar basin with a ridge at middle; abdomen wholly rufous; body rufous, with some small spots on head, antennae in part sometimes, prothorax in great part, side lobes of mesonotum in part, mesopleurae in part, pectus, and ab- dominal segments in part, black; clypeus, labrum, man- dibles at base, a spot on supraclypeal area, inner orbits, beneath eyes, collar, tegulae, and a spot above the coxae and on the sides of the basal plates, yellow. Length 11 mm. . .. ..mellina Ocellar basin with a furrow at middle; abdomen not wholly rufous 7 7. Abdomen black at base and rufous at apex; body rufous, with antennal area in part, prothorax in great part, lobes of mesonotum in part, pectus, and three basal segments of abdomen, black; clypeus, labrum, mandibles, spot above posterior coxae, sides of basal plates, and tarsi and pos- terior tibiae in great part, yellow. Length 12 mm redimacula Abdomen black at base and apex, rufous at middle; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, spot on supraclypeal area, collar, scutellum, a spot above posterior coxae, sides of basal plates, and tarsi, yellow; tegulae, front femora beneath, tibiae for the most part, and abdominal seg- ments two to four, rufous. Length 10 mm neoslossoni 8. Antennae pale at base or apex 9 Antennae pale beneath, black above 18 9. Antennae pale at apex 10 Antennae pale at base 14 10. Abdomen beyond the basal plates wholly black 11 Abdomen wholly or in part pale 13 11. Ocellar basin deeply hollowed out, scoop-shaped, and im- punctate; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, antennae at apex, a spot above posterior coxae, and sides of basal plates, yellow; front and middle femora in part, tibiae, and tarsi beneath, rufous; scutellum and meso- notum densely, finely punctate. Length 12 mm nigricollis Ocellar basin hollowed out with a transverse ridge above the middle 12 12. Anterior femoral pocket yellow; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, antennae at apex, collar broadly, anterior femoral pocket, scutellum, spot above posterior coxae, apex of basal plates, front legs beneath beyond the mid- dle of the femora, and middle legs beneath beyond the apex of the femora, yellow; wings infuscated at apex. Length 12-13 mm grandis No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 85 Anterior femoral pocket black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, antennae at apex, collar, scutellum, front legs beneath beyond the middle of the femora, middle tarsi, a spot on sides of basal plates, apex of basal plates, some- times broadly, rarely a spot above posterior coxae, white; wings infuscated at apex. Length 12 mm antennata 13. Abdomen black at base and apex, rufous in middle; body black, with apex of antennae, a white spot above posterior coxse, a spot on pleurae, sides of basal plates, anterior and middle coxae and trochanters in part, tegulae, base of costa, legs except the parts named and the bases of the coxae, a line on the femora above, a spot at apex of the tibiae above, pos- terior tarsi for the greater part, and abdominal segments three to six, rufous. Length 10 mm semicornis Abdomen yellow; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandi- bles at base, cheeks, orbits, two spots on postocellar area, apex of antennae, collar and tegulae, scutellum, two spots on pleurae, and apices of coxae, a spot on side of posterior coxae, and trochanters, yellow; legs, except apex of pos- terior femora, rufous. Length 11 mm jocosa 14. Vertex impunctate, polished 15 Vertex finely, distinctly punctate 17 15. Head with orbits wholly black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, cheeks broadly, collar, tegulae, oblique spot at middle and edge of posterior margin of mesopleurae, spot above posterior coxae, coxae except above, and margin and sides of basal plate, white; legs (except a line above on front and middle femora, hind coxae, apex of femora above, apex of tibiae and tarsi), and abdomen, rufous; in some specimens the antennae may be entirely black or rufous beneath at the apex, or the apex of the abdomen black, or the pleurae almost wholly black. Length 13 mm signata Head with orbits in great part yellow 16 16. Appendage of scutellum transversely striate, with numerous large punctures; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandi- i bles at base, cheeks, orbits, interrupted opposite base of antennae and at top of head, collar, tegulae, vittas on meso- notum, metanotum in part, spot above posterior coxae, and spot on side of basal plates, yellow; legs beyond coxae, except basal half of middle and hind femora above, two basal segments of antennae, and abdomen beyond third segment, rufous. Length 13 mm bilineata Appendage of scutellum not striate, with few punctures or none; body in female black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, supraclypeal area, orbits in great part, collar, tegulae, vittae on mesonotum, sometimes wanting, scutellum, postscutel- 86 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. lum, rarely with a small spot on mesopleurse, front legs, middle legs beyond coxae, posterior trochanters, basal half of femora, tibiae and tarsi, basal plates, venter of five basal abdominal segments, tergum of fourth and a band at middle and sides of first and third, sometimes narrowed to a line at middle, yellow; costa yellow, stigma pale at base; male differs in having pleurae, pectus, all the coxae, and abdomen beyond first segment, yellow or rufous ; posterior and middle femora with a black line above, basal plates and first abdominal segment black; some specimens wholly yellow or rufous, except antennae beyond second segment, spot on vertex, three spots on mesonotum, and base of abdomen, which are black. Length 11-13 mm. verticalis 17. Abdomen rufous beyond basal plates; body black, with two basal segments of antennae, posterior orbits, tegulac, scutel- lum, front and middle legs beyond coxae except the tarsi, the posterior femora at base and the tibiae, and the abdomen beyond the basal plates, rufous; clypeus, labrum, cheeks, collar, a spot above posterior coxae, and tarsi, white. Length 12 mm rufkolor Abdomen black at base and apex, rufous at middle; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles., cheeks, collar, tegulae, spot above posterior coxae, legs except apical half of posterior femora and ring at apex of tibiae, and the basal plates, yellow; two basal segments of antennae and abdom- inal segment four and a part of three and five, yellowish rufous ; wings hyaline. Length 12 mm bifasciata 18. Abdomen wholly or in part rufous (See sec. 15) signata Abdomen wholly black 19 19. Pectus black (See sec. 48) rufipes Pectus rufous (See sec. 48) rufopecta 20. Head above antennae more or less yellow 21 Head above antennae wholly black 30 21. Abdomen wholly or in part pale 22 Abdomen wholly black 29 22. Scutellum wholly or in part yellow 23 Scutellum wholly black 26 23. Pleurae and pectus black (See sec. 16) verticalis Pleurae and pectus pale 24 24. Abdomen wholly pale beyond the basal plates 25 Abdomen with first three abdominal segments black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, cheeks, face around and beneath antennae, inner orbits, a line near occi- put, tegulae, collar, spot on sides of scutellum, spot on pleurae, coxae, trochanters, front legs in great part, middle femora, basal third of posterior femora, venter of abdo- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 87 men, and edge of basal plates, white; middle tibiae and tarsi, posterior femora and tibiae in great part, and five apical ab- dominal segments, rufous. Length 13 mm formosa 25. Scutellum smooth, polished, impunctate; body rufous or yellow, with an irregular spot above ocelli, a spot on the center of each lobe of mesonotum, basal plates for the most part, a small spot on the posterior coxae, trochanters, and base of femora above, black. Length 13 mm rubripes Scutellum finely, densely punctate; body black, clypeus, la- brum, mandibles, cheeks, orbits, posterior margin of post- ocellar area, supraclypeal area, collar broadly, tegulae, V-spot, scutellum, postscutellum, pleurae except sutural lines, pectus, legs except a black line above on femora, and abdomen except basal plates, yellow. Length 12 mm. causata 26. Posterior coxae black at base; body black, with clypeus, la- brum, mandibles, cheeks, orbits except at top of eyes, V-spot, spot on side of pronotum, collar, tegulae, an angu- lar mark on pleurae, pectus in part, spot above posterior coxae, sides of basal plates, apical portion of coxae, tro- chanters, femora except above, front and middle tibiae and tarsi except above, and basal half of abdomen beneath, white; abdomen rufous beyond second segment. Length 10 mm angulata Posterior coxae wholly pale 27 27. Posterior orbits black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, face above and beneath antennae, inner orbits, tegulae, collar, angular spot on pleurae and the basal half of venter, white; legs whitish except a black line at apex of ante- rior femora and base of tibiae above, middle femora and tibiae above, posterior femora and tibiae for the most part ; five apical segments of abdomen rufous. Length 13 mm eximia Posterior orbits wholly pale 28 28. Abdomen with four basal segments black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, face above and below anten- nae, anterior and posterior orbits, collar, tegulae, spot on pronotum, pleurae for the most part, pectus and sides of basal plates, white; legs yellowish rufous, except apex of front femora above, basal half of front and middle tibiae above, middle and posterior femora above, and basal third of poste- rior tibiae, which are black. Length 13 mm simulata Abdomen with three basal segments black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, face above and below anten- nae, anterior and posterior orbits, collar, tegulae, pro- notum at sides, pleurae for the most part, and pectus, yellow; legs yellow, except line on front femora at apex above, front tibiae above, middle femora and tibiae above, and hind 88 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. femora and greater part of tibiae, which are black; abdomen rufous, except basal plates and three tergal segments. Length 12 mm secunda 29. Pleurae black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, orbits entirely except above, face about and beneath anten- nae, collar, tegulae, margin of pronotum, V-spot, vittae on mesonotum, metanotum at sides, spot above posterior coxae, front legs except line above, middle legs beyond coxae except greater part of femora and tibiae above, hind legs beyond coxae except femora and tibiae above at apex, pale yellow. Length 14 mm lobata Pleurae with a large angular white spot; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, orbits except above, broadly behind, face above and below antennae, collar, tegulae, lat- eral margin of pronotum, V-spot above posterior coxae, large angulate spot on pleurae, pectus in great part, front legs except point above at apex, middle legs except apical half of femora and tibiae above, hind legs except apical half of femora and tip of tibiae, and abdomen beneath, white.- Length 14 mm angulifera 30. Abdomen in part pale 31 Abdomen, including venter, black 45 31. Tergum in part pale 32 Tergum wholly black 44 32. Mesopleurae wholly or in part pale 33 Mesopleurae wholly black 42 33. Pectus pale 34 Pectus black 41 34. Posterior femora wholly or in part pale above 35 Posterior femora wholly black above 39 35. Posterior femora wholly pale 36 Posterior femora in part black 38 36. Abdomen wholly or in part black 37 Abdomen wholly rufous; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, cheeks, collar, tegulae, sides of pronotum, lower half of mesopleurae, pectus, spot above posterior cox.t, sides of basal plates, coxae, trochanters, remainder of front legs except a line above on femora, white; remainder of legs except a line above on middle femora, and abdomen be- yond basal plates, rufous. Length 11 mm frigida 37. Abdomen wholly black above; body black, with clypeus, la- brum, mandibles, cheeks, collar, teguke, narrow line on pleurae, spot above posterior coxae, sides of basal plates, and a narrow band along the side of the abdomen, white ; legs rufous with tip of middle femora, apex of posterior femora, and apical half of posterior tibiae black; pectus more or less rufous. Length 11 mm lineata No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 89 Abdomen black, with at least the second and third tergal seg- ments rufous; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, cheeks, dot at base of antennae, collar, tegulae, side of pronotum, angulate spot on pleurae, pectus, spot above pos- terior coxae, and four anterior coxae, yellow; legs except a spot on tip of anterior femora and apical half of posterior tibiae and tarsi, and the second, third, and part of the fifth abdominal tergite, and all the sternites except the two apical, rufous. Length 12 mm rufopediba 38. Front and middle legs with a black line above. (See sec. 15) signata Front and middle legs wholly pale; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, cheeks, inner orbits narrowly, collar, tegulae, line on mesopleurae, pectus in part, spot above pos- terior coxae, coxae, and trochanters, yellow; legs except the parts named and apices of posterior femora and tibiae and their tarsi, and abdomen beyond basal plates, rufous. Length 12 mm pallicola 39. Posterior tibiae black at apex 40 Posterior tibiae wholly pale; body black, with clypeus, la- brum, mandibles, cheeks, collar, tegulae, spot on lower edge of pronotum, spot on pleurae, pectus, spot above posterior coxae, sides and posterior margin of basal plates, coxae and trochanters except a black line above, front femora except a black line above, yellow; remainder of legs ex- cept a black line above on femora and the posterior tarsi entirely, and abdomen beyond basal plates, rufous. Length 12 mm hyalina 40. Abdomen black at base only (See sec. 15) signata Abdomen black at base and apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, cheeks, collar, tegulae, spot on mesopleurae, spot above posterior coxae, legs (except a black line above as far as apex of femora, apical three-fourths of posterior tibiae, and their tarsi) yellow, shading to rufous on the pos- ; terior legs; abdomen with segments two to five rufous. Length 13 mm slossoni 41. Abdomen rufous beyond first segment; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, cheeks, collar, tegulae, spot on mesopleurae, lower margin of pronotum, caudal margin of mesopleurae, spot above posterior coxae, sides of basal plates, front and middle legs except a black line above to the apex of tibiae, posterior coxae above and beneath, and a line beneath on the posterior femora and tibiae, yellow. Length 13 mm junghannsii Abdomen rufous beyond third segment; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, cheeks, collar and tegulae narrowly, a spot on mesopleurae, a spot above posterior 90 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. coxae, front and middle legs except a black line to the base of tibiae, the apical half of the posterior coxae, the poste- rior trochanters, the basal third of the posterior femora, and venter of three basal abdominal segments, yellowish white. Length 12 mm nova 42. Pectus black 43 Pectus pale; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, cheeks, collar, tegulae, spot above posterior coxae, pectus, anterior coxae, and trochanters, white; legs except apical half of posterior tibiae and their tarsi, and second to fourth segments of abdomen, rufous. Length 12 mm varians 43. Posterior tibiae wholly black; body black, with clypeus, la- brum, mandibles, cheeks, spot above posterior coxae, front and middle legs except a black line above beyond coxae, yellow; posterior femora and abdomen beyond second segment rufous. Length 12 mm mutans Posterior tibiae wholly pale; body black, with clypeus, la- brum, mandibles except at apex, cheeks, collar, a spot above posterior coxae, and sides of basal plates, white; tegulae, legs except anterior coxae above and femora in great part, and abdomen beyond fourth segment, rufous. Length 12 mm montana 44. Pectus rufous (See sec. 48) rufopecta Pectus black (See sec. 48) rufipes 45. Legs black, varied with white or yellow 46 Legs rufous, varied more or less with black or yellow 48 46. Posterior tibiae in part pale 47 Posterior tibiae wholly black; body black, with clypeus, la- brum, mandibles, cheeks, collar, tegulae, spot above pos- terior coxae, sides of basal plates, anterior pair of legs for the most part, middle tibiae at tip, and tarsi at apex, white ; wings clouded toward apex. Length 12 mm flavomarginis 47. Scutellum and mesopleurae black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, collar, spot above posterior coxae, sides of basal plates, front femora beneath, front tibiae except at apex above, middle tibiae beneath, posterior tibiae except apical third, and tarsi, white. Length 13 mm. cinctitibiis Scutellum and mesopleurae in part pale; body black, with clypeus, transverse line on vertex, labrum, collar, tegulae, a spot on mesopleurae, scutellum, two spots on basal plates, and a spot on posterior coxae, white ; legs black, with spot on front and hind coxae, trochanters, front tibiae before, band on middle and hind tibiae, and bases of all the tarsal segments, white. Length 12 mm decorata 48. Pectus rufous; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, line on collar, tegulae, spot above posterior coxae, and some- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 91 times narrow apical margin of abdominal terga, white; pleurae, pectus, and legs (except tips of the posterior femora, apical half of the tibiae, and their tarsi) rufous. Length 13 mm rufopecta Pectus black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, and a spot above posterior coxae, yellow; legs, except apical half of posterior tibiae and their tarsi, rufous. Length 13 mm rufipes T. rufopecta (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 16. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, I June, 191 1 (A. B. C). °T. fernaldi MacGillivray. °T. dubitata MacGillivray. °T. mellina (Norton). °T. redimacula MacGillivray. °T. neoslossoni MacGillivray. °T. nigricollis Kirby *T. grandis (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 30. Farmington (E. N.). °T. antennata Kirby. °T. semicornis Harrington. °T. jocosa Provancher. °T. signata (Norton). °T. bilineata MacGillivray. T. verticalis Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 32. Connecticut (E. N.) ; West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 14 July, 1908 (B. H. W.), 30 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). °T. ruficolor Norton. °T. bifasciata (Say). Allantus bifasciatus Say. Macrophya bifasciata Say. T. rufipes Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 23. New Haven, 9 June, 191 1 (A. B. C). °T. formosa Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 18. °T. rubripes MacGillivray. °T. causata MacGillivray. °T. angulata Norton. °T. eximia Norton. 92 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °T. simulata MacGillivray. °T. secunda MacGillivray. *T. lobata (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 4. Farmington (E. N.) ; Westville, 11 June, 1905 (W. E. B.). T. angulifera (Norton). Connecticut (E. N.). °T. frigida MacGillivray. °T. lineata Provancher. CT. rufopediba Norton. °T. pallicola MacGillivray. °T. hyalina MacGillivray. °T. slossoni MacGillivray. °T. junghannsii MacGallivray. °T. nova MacGillivray. °T. varians Norton. °T. mutans Norton. °T. montana Provancher. *T. flavomarginis (Norton). Farmington (E. N.). CT. cinctitibiis Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 25. °T. decorata Provancher. Labidia Provancher. °L. originalis (Norton). Allantus originalis Norton. Body black, with the clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, col- lar broadly, scutellum, postscutellum, a spot on the outer side of posterior coxae, anterior and middle femora beneath, tibiae except a ring on the apex of the posterior pair, tarsi, basal plates, apical half of each abdominal segment, interrupted at middle on the first and second segments, yellow ; body finely, densely punctate ; veins and stigma rufous. Length 10 mm. Macrophya Dahlbom. Key to Species. I. Antennae wholly black 2 Antennae not wholly black 27 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 93 2. Scutellum white or yellow 3 Scutellum wholly black 10 3. Mesopleurae wholly black 4 Mesopleurae with a white or yellow spot 7 4. Abdomen in part rufous or brownish 5 Abdomen wholly black 6 5. Abdomen dorsally and ventrally with segments two, three, and four brownish; body black, with front and middle legs, tegulae, and base of wings, brownish; collar, scutellum, a large spot on side of posterior coxae, their apices, basal third of posterior femora, and tarsi beyond basal three-fourths of first segment, white ; wings hyaline. Length 8 mm nidonea Abdomen rufous beyond basal plates; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, collar, tegulae, scutel- lum, front legs except coxae in part above and tibiae at apex beneath, middle legs except a ring on apex of tibiae, poste- rior legs (except basal half of coxae, apical two-thirds of femora and a ring at their base, apical third of tibiae, and basal half of metatarsus), white; mesopleurae uniformly densely punctate. Length 8 mm ornata 6. Middle legs beyond coxae in part black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, two spots on postocellar area, teg- ulae, scutellum, front coxae at apex, front femora and tibiae beneath, front tarsal segments at base, middle coxae at apex, middle trochanters, middle femora at extreme base and apex, middle tibiae except at apex, middle tarsi except at apex, a spot on side and apex of hind coxae, hind trochan- ters, middle of hind tibiae, hind metatarsi except extreme base and apex, hind tarsi at apex, and basal plates at mid- dle, white; veins black; wings smoky; head closely punc- tate, with an impunctate area on each upper orbit. Length 9-10 mm epinota Middle legs beyond apices of coxae wholly yellow; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, scutellum, front and middle legs beyond apices of coxae, apices of hind coxae, hind trochanters, basal half of hind femora, hind tibiae except apical third, hind tarsi, and basal plates, yel- low; stigma and veins brownish; head densely, finely punctate, with minute impunctate areas on the upper orbits. Length 8 mm texana J. Abdomen rufous beyond first segment; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, scutellum, oblique spot on pleurae, front and middle legs, hind coxae and hind trochan- ters, basal half of hind femora, band on middle of hind tibiae, and hind tarsi except apex of apical segment, yellow or white. Length 8-9 mm trosula Abdomen wholly black 8 94 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 8. Antennal area without an impunctate area; body black, with . clypeus, labrum, collar broadly, tegulae, scutellum, post- scutellum, round spot on mesopleurae, front and middle legs except apical third of femora and extreme base and apex of tibiae, basal plates, and last abdominal segment, yellow; stigma and veins brownish; mesopleurae above the yellow spot much more densely punctate than below. Length 10 mm alba Antennal area with a small impunctate area 9 9. Mesopleurae with upper half more coarsely and densely punc- tate than lower half; basal plates yellow; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, scutellum, an oblique band on pleurae frequently interrupted, apices of front coxae, front femora beneath, front tibiae beneath and at base, front tarsal segments except at apex, middle coxae in great part, middle trochanters, middle femora on basal half, middle tibiae and tarsi except a ring at apex, hind coxae and hind trochanters, basal third of hind femora, hind tibiae except a ring at base and the apical fourth, a ring on mid- dle of hind metatarsi, basal plates, and last abdominal seg- ment, yellowish; wings smoky, veins and stigma brownish. Length 10 mm pulchella Mesopleurae with upper half slightly more coarsely but no more densely punctate than lower half; basal plates wholly black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at bases collar, tegulae, scutellum, an oblique band on the mesopleurae frequently interrupted, front and middle legs except tips of femora and tibiae above and apices of tarsal segments, hind legs (except apical half of femora, a ring at base of tibiae, apical fifth of tibiae, and apices of tarsal segments), and an oblique band on apex of metapleurae, yellow or white; wings hyaline. Length 8-9 mm confusa 10. Abdomen wholfy black 11 Abdomen more or less pale; body black, with front and mid- dle tibiae beneath and three basal segments of abdomen, piceous; wings infuscated, veins black, stigma piceous. Length 12 mm , . dejecta 11. Posterior tibiae in part pale 12 Posterior tibiae wholly black 21 12. Posterior tibiae banded with pale at middle 13 Posterior tibiae with an outer pale line or spot, sometimes in- distinct 19 13. Mesopleurae with a white or yellow spot 14 Mesopleurae wholly black 15 14. Mesopleurae more densely punctate on upper half than on lower half; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 95 at base, collar, tegulse, line on pleurae, front legs beneath and base of femora and tibiae above, middle legs except at apex of femora above and a ring on apices of tibiae and apices of tarsal segments, hind legs (except base of coxae, apical two-thirds of femora, ring at base and apical fourth of tibiae, and ring on apices of tarsi) white. Length 9 mm lineata Mesopleurae uniformly densely punctate ; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, round spot on pleurae, front and middle femora, hind legs with apices and spot on side of coxae, trochanters, ring on base and apex of femora, middle of tibiae, tarsi with ring at apex of each segment and base of metatarsus, white. Length 9 mm. punctata 15. Antennal area no more densely punctate than postocellar area 16 Antennal area distinctly more densely punctate than post- ocellar area iy 16. Antennal area with a distinctly rounded, pit-like median fovea; body black, with apex of labrum, collar and tegulae narrowly, front legs beyond coxae and beneath except basal third of femora, middle legs beyond coxae (except femora, ring at apex of tibiae, and apices of tarsi), an elongate spot on hind coxae, their apices, hind tarsi except at apices of segments, basal half of hind metatarsi, and hind margin of basal plates, white. Length 9 mm mixta Antennal area without any indication of a median fovea; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, line on collar and tegulae, front and middle legs beneath ex- cept middle femora, an elongate spot on hind coxae, hind trochanters, ring at base of hind femora, ring at middle of hind tibiae, hind tarsal segments except ring at apex, and hind margin of basal plates, white. Length 10-11 mm. pannosa 17. Posterior coxae black, with a large outer white or yellow spot 18 Posterior coxae, except at tip, wholly black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar tegulae, legs (except base of coxae, apex of front femora and tibiae above, apex of middle femora and tibiae, apex of hind femora, base and apex of hind tibiae and hind tarsi), and basal plates, yellow. Length 10 mm proximata 18. Front and middle femora black on basal half; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, apical half to two- thirds of coxae, trochanters, apical fifth of front and middle femora, front and middle tibiae except a line above and a ring at apex, front and middle tarsi except at apex, basal fourth of posterior femora, a ring on middle of posterior tibiae, and tarsi except at apex, yellow. Length 10 mm. flavicoxa 96 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Front and middle femora wholly yellow; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, front and middle legs except a ring at apex of tibiae and apex of tarsi, posterior coxae, trochanters, basal half of femora, median half of tibiae, and tarsi except at apex, yellow. Length 10 mm. incerta 19. Posterior coxae wholly black; body black, with clypeus, la- brum, line on collar, tegulae, trochanters, a ring on base and apex of femora, front and middle tibiae and tarsi be- neath, and a line on hind tibiae, white; scutellum densely punctate. Length 10-11 mm externa Posterior coxae black, with a white spot on the side 20 20. Posterior orbits as densely punctate as the antennal area; body black, with clypeus, labrum, two spots on occiput, very narrow line on collar and tegulae, a spot on the outer side of coxae, trochanters, apical half of front and mid- dle femora beneath, front and middle tibiae beneath, front and middle tarsi except a ring at apices of segments, posterior tibiae on upper median half, and hind margin of the basal plates, white. Length 10 mm tibiator Posterior orbits not as densely punctate as the antennal area; body black, with clypeus, labrum, narrow line on col- lar, tegulae, front coxae beneath, a spot on side of middle and hind coxae, trochanters, front femora at apex be- neath, front and middle tibiae beneath, front and middle tarsi beneath, posterior tibiae at middle above, and pos- terior tarsi beyond the apex of the metatarsi except a ring at apex of each segment, white. Length 9 mm bilineata 31. Posterior legs wholly black; body black, with base of mandi- bles, apical half of front femora, and tibiae beneath, white; body strongly punctate throughout; wings fuliginous. Length 12 mm fuliginea Posterior legs in part white or yellow 22 22. Posterior coxae wholly or in great part pale 23 Posterior coxae black, with an outer pale mark 24 23. Anterior tibiae wholly yellow (male) flavicoxa Anterior tibiae with a black line above (male) incerta 24. Head with an impunctate area below median ocellus; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, line on collar, tegulae, coxae at apex and a spot on outer margin, trochanters, apical half of anterior femora beneath, an- terior tibiae beneath, apical half of middle tibiae beneath, tarsi except a ring at apices of segments, and posterior meta- tarsi, white; postocellar area distinctly separated from upper orbits. Length 11-12 mm propinqua Head without an impunctate area below median ocellus 25 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 97 25. Postocellar area densely punctate throughout 26 Postocellar area sparsely punctate, except on its occipital margin; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, front coxae in great part beneath, middle coxae at apex, hind coxae at apex, and a large spot on outer side, trochanters, front femora at apex beneath, front and mid- dle tibiae beneath, and tarsi except apices of segments and posterior metatarsi, white; upper orbits with a large im- punctate area. Length 8 mm contaminata 26. Mesopleurae more densely punctate on upper portion than lower; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, narrow line on collar and tegulae, front and middle legs beneath except base of coxae, a large spot on side of hind coxae, hind trochanters, and hind tarsi beyond the meta- tarsi, white; upper orbits with a large impunctate area. Length 8 mm albomaculata Mesopleurae uniformly densely punctate throughout; body black, with tip of labrum, front and middle legs beneath beyond middle of coxae, apices and a large spot on outer side of hind coxae, and hind trochanters, white; front, post- ocellar area, and upper orbits almost uniformly finely punctate minuta 27. Antennae pale at base or apex 28 Antennae pale at base and apex 37 28. Antennae pale at apex 29 Antennae pale at base 31 29. Collar black; body black, with antennae at apex, labrum in part, trochanters, front legs beyond middle of femora be- neath, middle legs beyond basal two-thirds beneath, and a large spot on the side of the posterior coxae, white; head uni- formly densely punctate. Length 10 mm nigra Collar broadly white 30 30. Middle of head between antennal furrows distinctly elevated; posterior orbits polished and obsoletely punctate ; body black, with apex of antennae, clypeus, labrum, base of mandibles, collar broadly, V-spot, a triangular spot on pleurae, sometimes a mere dot, or wanting, an elongate dot at base of each wing, sometimes wanting, scutellum, front and middle legs (ex- cept femora and tibiae above, a ring at apex of tibiae, and rings at apices of tarsal segments), a spot on side of hind coxae, hind trochanters, hind femora beneath, venter of ab- domen, and dorsal apical margin of segments, enlarged at sides (apical margin sometimes wanting), white. Length 1 1 mm zonalis Middle of head between antennal furrows not decidedly ele- vated; posterior orbits distinctly punctate; body black, 7 98 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. with antennae at apex, clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, collar, V-spot, sometimes wanting, scutellum, front legs beyond basal third of femora beneath, tarsal segments at base, middle femora at apex beneath, middle tibiae in part be- neath, middle tarsal segments at base, a spot on hind coxae, hind trochanters, hind femora beneath, and apical margins of abdominal segments, white. Length 10-11 mm. trisyllaba 31. Abdomen wholly or in part rufous 32 Abdomen wholly black, or black marked with white 34 32. Abdomen wholly rufous; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, collar, tegulae, V-spot, scutellum, post- scutellum, angular spot on pleurae, front legs entirely, mid- dle legs except a black line on femora, posterior coxae except a black line, trochanters, basal third of femora, a stripe at middle above on posterior tibiae, and posterior tarsi beyond middle of metatarsi, white; two basal seg- ments of antennae, abdomen including basal plates except saw-guides, posterior two-thirds of femora, posterior tibiae at base and apex, and basal half of posterior meta- tarsi, rufous. Length 8 mm goniphora Abdomen wholly or in part rufous beyond second segment.. 33 33. Vertical furrows not distinct and line-like; body black, with two basal segments of antennae, clypeus, labrum, mandibles, collar broadly, tegulae, V-spot, scutellum, postscutellum, round spot on pleurae, posterior margin of mesopleurae, legs except apex of posterior femora and tibiae, and basal plates, yellow; abdomen usually with the third, fourth, and fifth dorsal segments, rufous. Length 9-10 mm intermedia Vertical furrows distinct, line-like; body black, with two basal segments of antennae, clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, spot on supraclypeal area, collar broadly, tegulae, scutellum, postscutellum, rounded spot on pleurae, spot at base of hind wings, legs (except basal half of hind coxae, apical half of hind femora, and ring at apex of hind tibiae), yellow; fourth and fifth segments of tergum rufous. Length 12 mm formosa 34. Head uniformly densely punctate 35 Head with upper orbits not as densely punctate as antennal area 36 35. Abdomen wholly black; body black, with two basal antennal segments, collar, a spot below collar on pleurae, front and middle legs beyond coxae except a band at middle of femora, apices of posterior coxae, their trochanters, a ring on base of femora, tibiae except a ring at apex, tarsi in part, and basal plates, white; body coarsely punctate. Length 8 mm cesta No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 99 Abdomen black, apical margin of segments margined with yellow; body black, with two basal segments of antennae, clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, collar broadly, tegulae, rounded spot on mesopleurae, legs beyond apices of coxae except apex of posterior femora and tibiae, basal plates, and dorsal apical margin of abdominal segments, broader be- hind, white or yellow. Length 9 mm succincta $6. Postocellar area separated from posterior orbits by deep, well-marked vertical furrows; body black, with two basal segments of antennae, clypeus, labrum, V-shaped spot on collar, tegulae, scutellum, legs beyond apices of coxae ex- cept apices of posterior femora and tibiae, an elongate spot on outer upper side of posterior coxae, and basal plates, yellow; upper orbits polished, almost entirely without punctures. Length 11 mm melanopleura Postocellar area not distinctly separated from upper orbits, vertical furrows feeble (See sec. 32) intermedia 37. Pleurae with a large oblique white mark; body black, with apex of antennae, supraclypeal area, clypeus, labrum, man- dibles at base, pronotum in great part, V-spot, scutellum, postscutellum, large mark on pleurae, spot at base of hind wings, front and middle coxae, trochanters, and basal half of femora, a spot on hind coxae, their, apices, trochanters and basal half of femora, and basal plates, in part, white; two basal segments of antennae, tegulae, remainder of legs except apical half of femora, and abdomen except basal plates in part and tergum of first segment, rufous. Length 10 mm fascialis Pleurae wholly black; body black, with apex of antennae, clypeus, labrum, mandibles at base, collar, V-spot, scutel- lum, postscutellum, apical half of front and middle coxae, front and middle trochanters, basal half of front and mid- dle femora, hind coxae beneath and a large spot on the outer side, hind trochanters, basal half of hind femora, and hind tarsi, white; basal segment of antennae, tegulae, remainder of legs except apices of tibiae, and abdominal segments two to five, rufous. Length 10 mm varia °M. nidonea MacGillivray. °M. ornata MacGillivray. M. epinota (Say). Connecticut (E. N.) ; Hartford (Nason). °M. texana Cresson. M. trosula (Say). Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 30 May, 1910 (W. E. B.). IOO CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. M. alba MacGillivray. Macrophya pulchella var. alba Mac- Gillivray. Macrophya sonata Konow. New Haven, 21 May, 1910 (A. B. C). M. pulchella (Klug). Connecticut (E. N.). °M. confusa MacGillivray. °M. dejecta (Norton). *M. lineata Norton. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Farmington; New Haven, 1 June, 1908, Westville, 2 June, 1908 (B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 25 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). °M. punctata MacGillivray. °M. mixta MacGillivray. M. pannosa (Say). Yalesville, 26 May, 1908, 17 June, 1907 (B. H. W.). *M. proximata Norton. Connecticut (E. N.)- *M. flavicoxa (Norton). Larva feeds on elder. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Waterbury, 9 June, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 21 May, 1910 (A. B. C). *M. incerta (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 20, Connecticut (E. N.). M. externa (Say). Larva feeds on hickory. Connecticut, (E. N.) ; Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 14 June, 1910 (A. B. C), 26, 30 May, 191 1 (A. B. C. and B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 25 May, 191 1 (B. H. W.). M. tibiator Norton. Larva feeds on elder. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Westville, 2 June, 1908 (B. H. W.). M. bilineata MacGillivray. Larva feeds on Viburnum. Milldale, 21 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). M. fuliginea Norton. New Haven, 17 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °M. propinqua Harrington. °M. contaminata Provancher. *M. albomaculata (Norton). Connecticut (E. N.). M. minuta MacGillivray. Orange, 4 July, 1910 (B. H. W.). *M. nigra (Norton). Farmington (E. N.) ; Hamden, 1 June, 191 1, New Haven, 28 June, 191 1 (A. B. C). °M. zonalis Norton. No. 22.~\ HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. IOI *M. trisyllaba (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 8. Larva feeds on elder. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 27 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). M. goniphora (Say). Connecticut (E. N.) ; Hamden, 1 June, 191 1 (A. B. C). *M. intermedia (Norton). Connecticut (E. N.). M. formosa (Klug). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 25. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 8 June, 1904 (W. E. B.), 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.), 20 July, 1904 (B. H. W.), 24 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). °M. cesta (Say). M. succincta Cresson. Stonington, 8, 14, June, 1906 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 25 June, 1907 (B. H. W.), 6 June, 1908 (W. E. B.), 26 May, 1911 (A. B. C). °M. melanopleura MacGillivray. *M. fascialis Norton. Farmington (E. N.) ; New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *M. varia (Norton). Farmington (E. N.). Allantus Jurine. Key to Species. • 1. Female: posterior femora pale at base and black at apex, or black above and pale below; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, line on lower balf of postgenae adjacent to eyes, two basal segments of antennae, collar, teguke, raeso- pleurae broadly, scutellum, a spot above posterior coxae, legs beyond coxae (except middle femora at apex above, apical half of posterior femora, and a ring on apex of posterior tibiae), basal plates, abdominal segments four, seven, and eight, and a spot on each side of fifth and sixth, yellow. Male differs in having only basal segment of antennae, genae, lower half of postgenae, mesopleurae entirely, sides of prono- tum, metapleurae, legs entirely except a black line above on middle and hind legs and hind tarsi, and abdomen beyond basal plates, white or yellow. Length 12 mm basilaris Female: posterior femora wholly black or rufous; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, genae, lower half of postgenae, spot on mesopleurae, sometimes wanting, scutellum, tro- chanters, tibiae, becoming rufous at apex, tarsi, basal plates, and abdominal segments five to seven with a short band 102 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. interrupted at middle, yellow; antennae, tegulae, upper orbits at times, front femora, wings, veins, and stigma, rufous. Male differs in having antennae black, front femora entirely and middle femora beneath pale, and abdominal segments two to four entirely yellow. Length 12 mm. dubius A. basilaris (Say). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 15. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven (H. L. V.) ; Canaan (A. P. Morse) ; Prospect, 15 August, 1906, Hamden, 23 August, 1910 (W. E. B.). A. dubius Norton. A. robustus Provancher. Scotland (B. H. W.) ; Colebrook, 20 July, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Lyme, 31 July, 1910 (A. B.C.). ClMBICTN.E. Key to Genera. 1. Free part of 2d A present • • • 2 Free part of 2d A wanting, due to anastomosing of anal veins at middle Abia p. 102 2. Basal plates deeply emarginate at apex and filled with a chitinous membrane; hind femora not toothed. .Cimbex p. 103 Basal plates not or scarcely emarginate at apex and never with a chitinous membrane; hind femora more or less distinctly toothed beneath Trichiosoma p. 103 • Abia Leach. *A. inflata (Norton). Zarea inflata Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PL xii, Fig. 8 ; PI. xiii, Fig. 28. Basal plates white; body bluish black, with the legs beyond the coxa; except the basal two-thirds of the front and middle fe- mora, and the basal plates, white; the posterior femora some- times infuscated above; third and following abdominal seg- ments with a band of sericeous pile, in no case covering the entire segment. Length 11 mm. Larva feeds on honeysuckle. Farmington (E. N.). °A. americana (Cresson). Zarea americana Cresson. How- ard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 21. Basal plates not white; body greenish black, with the tro- chanters, apices of the femora, the tibiae, and the tarsi, white; third and following abdominal segments with a band of sericeous pile covering practically the entire segment. Length 8-12 mm. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. IO3 Trichiosoma Leach. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen black, or at most with only the apex and lateral margins more or less rufous 2 Abdomen entirely rufous, or at most with only first and second segments with bars of black; tibiae and tarsi yel- lowish white; remainder of body black; pubescence of ver- tex black, of front, thorax, and base of abdomen, yellow; abdomen in great part bare, sides of segments with a short yellow pile with scattered longer hairs. - Length 15-20 mm confusum 2. Abdomen wholly black or at least the last segment in most part black 3 Abdomen black with apex and lateral margin rufous, at least the apical segment always rufous; tibiae and tarsi yellow; remainder of body black; pubescence of vertex and front woolly, black, mixed with a few yellow hairs; pubescence of thorax and abdomen long, yellow, woolly and matted. Length 20-25 mm triangulum 3. Abdomen densely covered with short black pile; tibiae and tarsi yellow; remainder of body black; pubescence of head and abdomen black; pubescence of thorax yellow, except a transverse band across the middle, which is black; abdomen short and broad, broadest at middle. Length 15 mm crassum Abdomen covered with long, woolly, gray hair; tibiae and tarsi yellow; tibiae sometimes infuscated at base; remainder of body black; pubescence of entire body consisting of woolly gray hairs, more abundant on head and thorax; abdomen long and slender, sides parallel. Length 15-18 mm spicatum °T. confusum MacGillivray. T. triangulum Kirby. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 5. Larva feeds on willow, wild cherry, poplar, alder. New Haven (F. E. Willits) ; Oxford, 21 May, 1904 (W. E. B.). T. crassum W. F. Kirby. Lyme, 1 May, 1910 (A. B. C). °T. spicatum MacGillivray. Cimbex Olivier. Key to Species. 1. Tibiae pale yellow; body black, with antennae, tibiae and tarsi yellow; prothorax, middle of abdominal segments two to five and part of following segments yellowish ferruginous; 104 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. broad band at sides of abdominal segments two to four and spot at sides of segment five, white. Length 16 mm. semidea Tibiae black 2 2. Abdominal segments never marked with white 3 Abdominal segments always marked at sides with white 5 3. Abdomen steel blue 4 Abdomen for the most part rufous (male) . .americana var. laportei 4. Wings for the most part hyaline; body steel-blue, with tarsi and antennas beyond second segment yellow; head and thorax clothed with long black hairs (male). Length 20 mm americana 5. Abdomen almost wholly steel-blue, with obscure spots on each side of fifth or fifth and sixth abdominal segments; body steel-blue, with the tarsi and the antennae beyond the second segment, yellow; head and thorax more or less covered with long black hairs. Length 20-25 mm. (female), .americana Abdomen steel-blue, with three or more distinct white spots 6 6. Abdomen with a white spot on each side of third, fourth, and fifth segments; wings violaceous (female) americana var. nortoni Abdomen with more than three segments marked with white 7 7. Abdominal segments marked with small rounded spots .. 8 Abdominal segments marked with broad transverse bands. .. 9 8. Abdomen with white spots on each side of segments two to five ; wings violaceous (female) americana var. luctifera Abdomen with white spots on each side of segments two to six; wings hyaline (female) americana var. decimaculata 0. Abdomen with white bands on segments two to six; wings violaceous (female) americana var. dahlbomii Abdomen with white bands on segments two to seven, fre- quently meeting at middle; wings hyaline (female) americana var. alba °C. semidea Cresson. C. americana var. laportei LePeletier. New Haven (F E Willits). C. americana Leach. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 4 (male), Fig. 44, p. 74 (female). Larva feeds on willow, elm, poplar, alder, maple, and linden. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 2 June, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; Woodmont (W. E. B.) ; Stonington, August, 1907 (G. H. Hollister). *C. americana var. nortoni MacGillivray. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 1. Connecticut (E. N.). °C. americana var. luctifera Kirby. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. IO5 °C. americana var. decimaculata Norton. °C. americana var. dahlbomii Guerin-Meneville. °C. americana var. alba Norton. Hoplocampi NJE. Key to Genera. 1. Claws bifid 3 Claws never bifid 2 2. Claws simple, without a tooth on their inner margin Marlattia p. 105 Claws with a minute, erect tooth at middle . . .Hoplocampa p. 105 3. Front wings with the transverse part of M2 received in cell R4 some distance before the free part of the vein R5 Craterocercus p. 105 Front wings with the transverse part of M2 either interstitial with the free part of R5 or received in cell R5 . . . .Hemichroa p. 106 Marlattia Ash mead. °M. laricis (Marlatt). Hemichroa laricis Marlatt. Body black, with the mouth-parts scarcely paler than the body- color or slightly reddish ; tegulae and legs beyond the coxae strong- ly infuscated, pallid ; wings infuscated ; clypeus broadly, shal- lowly emarginate with a strong transverse ridge near the base; pentagonal area distinct, ridges somewhat rounded, median fovea shallow and circular; antennas with fourth segment much longer than third; saw-guides short and rounded at tip. Length 5.5 mm. Larva feeds on larch. Hoplocampa Hartig. H. halcyon Norton. Body ochreous, with the mesonotum, metanotum, and ter- gum of the abdomen black, or body sometimes entirely ochre- ous; clypeus distinctly emarginate; pentagonal area and me- dian fovea wanting; third segment of the antennae longer than the fourth, tooth of claws minute. Length 3.5 mm. Lyme, 14 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). Craterocercus Rohwer. Key to Species. I. Mesonotum and collar marked with white 2 Mesonotum and collar black; body black, with legs beyond femora white; third segment of antennas shorter than io6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. fourth; clypeus distinctly emarginate; median fovea large, shallow, circular; wings infuscated on basal half. Length 6 mm infuscatus 2. Basal plates black 3 Basal plates white; body black, with edge of clypeus, labrum, tegulae, collar, median lobe of mesonotum, lateral lobes in part, a band on the four basal segments of the tergum, edge of three apical segments, and legs, except a band on hind femora and the hind tarsi, white; third and fourth seg- ments of antennas subequal. Length 6 mm. (female) albidovariatus 3. Median lobe of mesonotum in great part white (male) albidovariatus Median lobe of mesonotum with white lines, short and obscure phytophagicus °C. infuscatus MacGillivray. °C. albidovariatus (Norton). Hemichroa albidovariata Nor- ton. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 19 (female). Larva feeds on black oak. °C. phytophagicus (Dyar). Hemichroa phytophagica Dyar. Larva feeds on white oak. Hemichroa Stephens. °H. americana (Provancher). Dineura americana Provan- cher. Scutellum polished, impunctate; body of female rufous, with metathorax, antennse, coxae, trochanters, front femora at base, middle and posterior femora, tibiae at tip, tarsi, and saw-guides, black; tibiae white; wings infuscated, paler at apex; pentagonal area indistinct, walls flat; median fovea shallow, elongate; third and fourth segments of the antennae subequal ; body of male black, with legs beyond coxae and tegulae rufous. Length 5.7 mm. Larva feeds on alder; gregarious. H. fraternalis Norton. Scutellum uniformly finely punctate; body of female with the median lobe of the mesonotum, the lateral lobes in part, a large spot on the mesopleurae, the venter of the abdomen, the basal plates, and more or less of each of the other tergal segments, rufous; prothorax for the most part, the tegulae, the legs except the posterior femora, and the costa and stigma, white; No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. IO7 male differs in lacking the rufous and in having the femora in great part black. Length 9 mm. Larva feeds on white oak. New Haven, 1907 (A. D. Reid), 21 May, 1910 (A. B. C.) ; Lyme 1 May, 1910 (A. B. C). Dineurin.e. Key to Genera. Front wings with transverse part of M2 interstitial with free part of Rs; free part of Sci situated before the medio-cubital cross-vein Mesoneura p. 107 Front wings with transverse part of M2 received in cell R3 and never interstitial with free part of vein R5; free part of Sci interstitial with or situated beyond the medio-cubital cross-vein Dineura p. 107 Mesoneura Hartig. *M. parva (Norton). Dineura parva Norton. Body black, with the tegulse and the apex of the venter pic- eous ; legs yellow-rufous ; wings hyaline, the veins brown ; an- tennae filiform, third and fourth segments subequal; head without depressions about ocelli ; clypeus truncate. Length 4 mm. Farmington (E. N.). Dineura Dahlbom. Key to Species. ♦ 1. Antennae with third segment longer than or subequal to fourth 2 Antennas with third segment shorter than fourth; body black, with legs beyond base of femora and apex of venter rufo- testaceous; wings hyaline, iridescent, veins brown, costal vein and stigma dull luteous. Length 5 mm. luteipes 2. Mesonotum more or less marked with rufous; body black, with prothorax, tegulae, side lobes of mesonotum, pleurae, legs, and apex of abdomen, rufous; wings hyaline, stigma pale, cell R4 almost square. Length 5 mm linita Mesonotum wholly black; body black, with tegulae, collar, large spot on pleurae, legs, apical half of tergum, and apical two-thirds of venter, rufous; basal half of stigma white ; cell R4 longer than wide. Length 4.5 mm lateralis o 0 o D. luteipes Cresson. D. linita Norton. D. lateralis Norton. 108 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. MONOCTENIN^E Monoctenus Dahlbom. Front wings with medio-cubital cross-vein in the angle between R -f- M and M ; the free part of 2nd A wanting and the anal veins anastomosing at middle; radial cross-vein wanting; the antennae with more than nine segments. °M. fulvus (Norton.) Lophyrus fulvus Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Figs n and 16. Body rufous, with a lunate mark about the ocelli, the an- tennae, a spot on each lateral lobe, the metathorax in great part, the dorsal part of the mesopleurae, the ventral margin of the mesopleurae, the pectus, the venter of the abdomen, the basal plates and the first abdominal segment, black; varies until practically entire body except legs is black; antennae with a variable number of segments. Length 8 mm. Cladiin^:. Key to Genera. 1. Front wings with transverse part of M2 received in cell R* . . 3 Front wings with transverse part of M2 received in cell R6. . 2 2. Claws simple Anoplonyx p. 108 Claws bifid Platycampus p. 109 3. Hind wings without an appendage at the apex of cell Ri+2 .... Priophorus p. 109 Hind wings with an appendage at the apex of cell R1+2 4 4. Front and middle metatarsi never more than one-half the length of their tibiae; tarsal segments all of practically the same width throughout, segmentation indistinct; an- tennae of male with prominent branches or projections at tip of basal segments at least Cladius p. no Front and middle metatarsi never more than one-third the length of their tibiae; tarsal segments distinctly broader at apex than at base, segmentation very distinct; antennae never with projections at apices of segments, male with a blunt projection at base of third segment beneath Trichiocampus p. no Anoplonyx Marlatt. °A. canadensis Harrington. Body black, with edge of the clypeus, labrum, mandibles, tegulae, and legs except coxae, pale honey-yellow ; veins, includ- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 109 ing costa and stigma, pale ; body impunctate, pentagonal area distinct, not strongly marked ; antennal segments three to five sub-equal ; clypeus emarginate. Length 5 mm. Platycampus Schiodte. °P. americanus (Marlatt). Camponiscus americanus Marlatt. Body rufous, with the antennas above, spot about ocelli, tip of scutellum, postscutellum, metathorax more or less, hind coxae, base of abdomen beneath, mesopleurae more or less, femora more or less, apex of hind tibiae, and hind tarsi, brownish or infus- cated ; pentagonal area sharply defined ; frontal ridge strong, un- broken; median fovea broad and deep; antennal segments three and four subequal. Length 5-6 mm. Larva feeds on poplar. Priophorus Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Frontal crest never large and prominent and never extending laterally to eyes; entire free part of Sci always distinct. ... 2 Frontal crest large and prominent, extending laterally to eyes; free part of Sci almost entirely atrophied; body black, with legs beyond knees semi-resinous to brown; clypeus transverse, deeply emarginate; antennal furrow extending as a groove along lateral margin of antenna to about the middle of the front, where it is interrupted by the frontal crest, then continued as a short groove behind the lateral ocelli; median fovea triangular, flat. Length 6 mm. simplicicornis 2. Frontal crest distinct or subdistinct; color black, with apical half of legs paler 3 Frontal crest wanting; ocellar furrow distinct; body resinous, with head except mouth, antennas except two basal seg- ments, and mesonotum and metanotum, black; clypeus shallowly emarginate with rounded lateral angles; antennal furrow continuous; median fovea shallow and indefinite; pentagonal area wanting; third antennal segment longer than fourth. Length 4 mm acericaulis 3. Frontal crest broken by median fovea; sides of ocellar basin scarcely indicated; ocellar furrow distinct; body black, with legs beyond knees, four hind trochanters, and anterior femora on the sides, white; clypeus transverse and deeply emarginate; median fovea deeply concave; third and fourth antennal segments subequal. Length 6 mm. aequalis IIO CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Frontal crest entire, not broken by median fovea; sides of ocellar basin clearly distinguishable; ocellar furrow scarcely indicated; body black, with legs beyond knees white; clypeus transverse, deeply and roundly emarginate, lateral angles prominent; median fovea large, broad, shield- shaped; third and fourth antennal segments subequal. Length 7 mm solitaris P. simplicicornis (Norton). Cladius simplicicornis Norton. NeW Haven (A. E. V.) *P. acericaulis MacGillivray. Larva a borer in the leaf- stems of the sugar maple. New Haven, Stonington (W. E. B.) ; Southington, New Haven (B. H. W.). *P. aequalis (Norton). Cladius cequalis Norton. Farmington (E. N.). °P. solitaris (Dyar). Larva feeds on alder. Cladius Illiger. • C. pectinicornis Fourcroy. Cladius isomer a Norton. How- ard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 19. Body black, with the legs beyond the knees and the costa whitish; third segment of the antennas shorter than the fourth; clypeus transverse, broad, shallowly emarginate ; pentagonal area indistinct ; frontal crest distinct and broadly broken ; median fo- vea broad, flat, indistinct; antennae of the male with projections at the apex of segments three to six, largest at base. Length 6-8 mm. Larva feeds on rose. Farmington (E. N.) ; New Haven (H. L. V.), 6, 29 July, 1910 (W. E. B.) ; Orange, 21 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). Trichiocampus Hartig. T. viminalis Fallen. Auliacomerus lutcsccns Lintner. Abdomen rufous ; body black, with the antennas, the legs, the pleurae broadly, and the abdomen, rufous ; third segment of the antennas not as long as the fourth; pentagonal area distinct, the frontal crest broken, the median fovea large, elongate; basal two-thirds of the wings infuscated. Length 10 mm. Larva feeds on Populus monilifera. New Haven (W. E. B.) °T. gregarius Dyar. Abdomen black; body black, with the front and middle legs beyond the middle of their femora and the hind legs beyond the No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. Ill femora white; third and fourth segments of the antennae subequal; pentagonal area distinct, the frontal crest slightly- broken, the median fovea small, circular ; 'basal two-thirds of the wings dark, smoky black. Length 6 mm. Larva feeds on Populus tremuloides. Nematin^:.* The types of the following species are not accessible and it is impossible to locate them in the tables. Nematus (Pteronus?) longicornus Say. Body black, with the postgenae, orbits, face below the anten- nae, the tegulae, the angles of the pronotum, the pleurae except two black spots, the body beneath, and the legs (except the api- cal half of the hind femora, their tibiae, and their tarsi), whitish; antennal segments three and four subequal ; clypeus angulately emarginate ; male with the antennae pale fulvous beneath ; the third segment shorter than the fourth and curved at base. Length 12 mm. 'Connecticut (E. N.). *Nematus (Pachy nematus) nigritus Norton. Body black, with the postgenae, the clypeus, the labrum, the tegulae, and the apex of the abdomen above and below, yellowish ; the trochanters, the apical half of the femora, the tibiae except the tips and base of the hind pair, reddish white ; antennae with the third segment shorter than the fourth; clypeus hardly emarginate. Length 12 mm. Connecticut (E. N.). Key to Genera. 1. Claws simple, without a tooth; clypeus emarginate; head with frontal area indistinct or wanting Diphadnus p. 112 Claws with a tooth 2 2. Claws with a small, erect tooth at middle 3 Claws cleft at apex, the two rays usually subequal in length. . 5 3- Clypeus emarginate, sometimes very slightly; vertex with a fairly distinct frontal area; radio-medial cross-vein always present Pachynematus p. 115 *In the preparation of the tables dealing with this subfamily free use has been made of a paper by C. L. Marlatt, "Revision of the Nematinae of North America," Bull. No. 3, Technical Series, Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. 112 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Clypeus squarely truncate; radio-medial cross-vein usually wanting • • • 4 4. Frontal area of head more or less distinct; saw-guides sim- ple; elongate species Lygaeonematus p. 115 Frontal area entirely wanting; saw-guides with a distinct scopa; short, ovate species Pristiphora p. 113 5. Front wings with free part of Rs always present and the cells Rs and R* therefore always separate 6 Front wings with free part of R5 always wanting and the cells R5 and R* therefore always united Euura p. 141 6. Antennae of female filiform, of practically the same width throughout; eighth dorsal segment of abdomen of male with a small, blunt, more or less awl-shaped projection; small species Pontania p. 137 Antenna? of female setaceous, distinctly tapering toward apex; eighth dorsal segment of abdomen of male with a broad, obtusely pointed projection, or not at all produced at the tip; usually larger than 5 mm 7 7. Hind tibiae at apex and hind metatarsus not strongly com- pressed and flattened ° Hind tibiae at apex and hind metatarsus strongly, foliaceously compressed and flattened Crcesus p. 121 8. Head with frontal area distinct; thorax shining, smooth, at most sparsely punctate ; head triangular when viewed in front 9 Head with frontal area wanting; thorax opaque, with dense, fine punctures ; head round when viewed in front Amauronematus p. 121 9. Male with the last ventral abdominal segment obtusely trian- gularly produced at the apex; saw-guides of female of the usual form Pteronidea p. 124 Male with the last ventral abdominal segment excavated at the tip, and not obtusely triangularly produced at the apex; saw-guides of female very broad, large, and thickened Nematus p. 120 Diphadnus Hartig. Key to Species. 1. Pronotum with angles broadly yellow 2 Pronotum with angles black; vertex smooth, shining, frontal crest almost obsolete; third antennal segment longer than fourth; median fovea very minute, circular; saw-guides scarcely projecting, tapering, rather densely clothed with hairs; body shining black, with teguhe and legs light yel- lowish; bases of coxae and anterior femora somewhat in- fuscated; antennae pale beneath. Length 5 mm appendiculatus No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. II3 2. Clypeus and labrum black; head densely punctate, opaque; clypeus very slightly emarginate beneath and acuminate at tip; body black, with angles of pronotum, tegulae, tro- chanters, apices of femora, especially the front pair, tibiae, and tarsi, yellowish ferruginous; posterior tibiae and tarsi somewhat infuscated. Length 4.5 mm californicus Clypeus and labrum pale; head and thorax punctate; clypeus squarely truncate; frontal crest rounded, almost wanting; antennal segments three to five subequal; procidentia very broad, obtusely, strongly keeled; body black, with clypeus, labrum, and mouth-parts pallid; angles of pro- notum, tegulae, more or less of apical half of femora, anterior tibiae and tarsi, and basal two-thirds of tibiae, yel- lowish. Length 5.5 mm proximatus D. appendiculatus (Hartig). Pristiphora grossularia Walsh. Gymnonychus appendiculatus Hartig. Larva feeds on goose- berry. New Haven, 21 April, 1896 (W. E. B.) ; Orange, 13 April, 1911 (B. H. W.). D. californicus (Marlatt). Gymnonychus californicus Mar- latt. Larva feeds on pear. New Haven (H. L. V.). *D. proximatus (Norton). Nematus proximatus Norton. Gymnonychus proximatus Norton. Connecticut (E. N.). Pristiphora Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Thorax and abdomen black 2 Thorax or abdomen or both in part pale 3 2. Head small, narrow, and not much more than half the width of thorax; vertex smooth, ridges rounded, sub-obsolete; median fovea minute and circular; third antennal segment longer than fourth; body shining black, with anterior and middle tibiae and tarsi yellowish; posterior tibiae with basal two-thirds whitish. Length 5 mm sycophanta Head nearly as wide as thorax; vertex without ridges and deeply, coarsely punctate; third antennal segment longer than fourth; body shining black, with apex of clypeus, labrum, tegulae in the female, apices of coxae, trochanters, and tibiae in great part, pallid; anterior tarsi somewhat infus- cated; apical half of posterior tibiae and tarsi black. Length 5 mm banksi 3. Abdomen entirely black on the dorsum 4 Abdomen in part pale on the dorsum 6 8 114 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 4. Abdomen with venter pale; vertex without ridges and some- what roughened with minute tubercles; median fovea shal- low or nearly wanting; procidentia broad and strongly keeled; body shining black, with clypeus, mouth-parts, pronotum, tegulse, legs, and central area of abdomen on venter, pale yellowish; apical half of posterior tibiae and their tarsi, brownish black. Length 5 mm carolinensis Abdomen with venter black 5 5. Pronotum and tegulse pale; head and thorax strongly punc- tate ; ocellar and frontal ridges sub-obsolete ; median fovea broad and shallow; antennal segments three to five sub- equal; procidentia broad, slightly excavated at tip, not projecting; hypopygium notched at tip; body black, with clypeus, labrum, bases of mandibles, palpi, legs in great part, pronotum, and tegulse, yellowish ferruginous; tips of posterior tibiae and tarsi fuscous. Length 6 mm luteola Pronotum and tegulse black (See sec. 7) idiota 6. Body reddish orange marked with black; head densely and finely, tuberculately granulate, opaque, clothed with setse; ridges of ocellar basin and frontal crest almost wanting; antennal segments three to five subequal; clypeus, labrum, and bases of mandibles inclined to pallid; vertex in great part, antennse, stripes on lobes of mesonotum, scutellum, metanotum, sides of first abdominal segment, other seg- ments along the middle of dorsum, lower part of pleurce, and saw-guides, black or dark brown; tips of hind tibiae and hind tarsi infuscated. Length 6.5 mm bivittata Body black, marked with yellow 7 7. Abdominal segments two to five, usually only on sides, yellow; head with coarse, deep punctures; ridges of ocellar basin rounded, nearly obsolete; third antennal segment much longer than fourth, fourth and fifth segments subequal; saw-guides rather slender, rounded at tip, with a dense bordering fringe of hairs; body shining black, with clypeus, tegulse, legs, and abdominal segments two to five, usually interrupted at middle, yellow ; femora usually brown basally and apically ; tips of posterior tibise and their tarsi brown or black. Length 5 mm idiota Abdomen with segments one to four entirely redcfish yellow; head with dense, coarse punctures; frontal crest slightly elevated; median fovea shallow; third antennal segment longer than fourth ; saw-guides not very broad, rounded at apex, with dense bordering hairs ; body shining black, with clypeus, outer half of pronotum, tegulse, abdominal segments one to four, and legs, reddish yellow ; apical third of posterior tibise and their tarsi black. Length 5.5 mm dyari No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. lie P. sycophanta Walsh. Pristiphora tibialis Norton. Larva feeds on willow, birch, and V actinium. Connecticut (E. N.). °P. banksi Marlatt. °P. carolinensis Marlatt. P. luteola (Norton). Nematus luteolus Norton. Farmington (E. N.). °P. idiota Norton. Pristiphora identidem Norton. Larva feeds on V actinium. P. bivittata (Norton). Nematus bivittatus Norton. Larva feeds on Spircca. Connecticut (E. N.). °P. dyari Marlatt. Lygaeonematus Konow. L. erichsoni Hartig. Nematus erichsoni Hartig. Nematus notabilis Cresson. Larch Sawfly. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 16. Head and thorax finely punctate, entire body shiny ; ridges of ocellar basin and frontal crest rounded and distinct; median fo- vea long, shallow, deepest at apex ; antennal segments three and four subequal; saw-guides broad, rounded, truncate at tip; body black, with tip of clypeus, basal two-thirds of tibiae, apices of trochanters, and angles of pronotum, whitish ; femora, tips of anterior tibia? and their tarsi, and four basal segments of abdomen, orange rufous; male with procidentia strongly keeled, somewhat constricted basally, short, not projecting beyond the seventh dorsal segment, and the hypopygium slightly emarginate at apex. Length 8-1 1 mm. Larva feeds on European and American larch (Larix). New Canaan, North Canaan, Union, and Woodstock, 19 15. Pachy nematus Konow. • Key to Species. 1. Males 15 Females 2 2. Saw-guides large, projecting free for at least one-half of their length 3 Saw-guides normal, projecting but slightly, at least never for one-half of their length 4 3- Body black or dark brown; ocellar basin with distinct but not strongly elevated walls; frontal crest not strongly Il6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. raised, slightly broken at middle; antennae with third seg- ment much shorter than fourth; saw-guides long, rounded at apex, blades thin and closely applied; body brownish black, with abdomen lighter, inclined to fulvous; face below antennae, the upper and posterior orbits, pronotum, tegulae, and legs except bases of coxae, reddish yellow, strongly in- f uscated. Length 8 mm dimmockii Body in great part yellow or resinous; ocellar basin with distinct and broad lateral walls; frontal crest strong and unbroken; antennal segments three and four subequal; saw-guides long and large, broadly rounded at apex, blades thin, translucent, closely applied; body shining resinous yellow, with antennae, spot on lateral lobes of mesonotum, apex of scutellum, metanotum in part, and narrow border to basal plates, brownish black. Length 8.5 mm ocreatus 4. Head strongly developed and dilated behind compound eyes 5 Head narrowed more or less behind compound eyes 10 5. Head and mesonotum in great part pale 6 Head black, with orbits black or strongly infuscated; thorax in great part black 9 6. Ocellar basin with strong, distinctly defined sides; frontal crest strong, very minutely notched; median fovea extending laterally over bases of antennae; saw-guides moderately broad and thick, obliquely truncate, upper edge nearly straight; body resinous or sulphur yellow, with antennae, a small spot including the ocelli, spot on lobes of mesonotum, spot on either side and base of scutellum, metanotum, tergum of abdomen except narrow lateral margin and two terminal segments, and saw-guides, brownish black. Length 7-8.5 mm extensicornis Ocellar basin with its sides and the frontal crest indistinct 7 7. Wings hyaline ; median fovea distinct 8 Wings infuscated; median fovea almost wanting; saw-guides narrow and pointed at tip, upper edge straight; body shin- ing honey-yellow, with antennae, a spot about the ocelli, spot on lobes of mesonotum, apex of scutellum, metanotum, cen- ter of basal plates, and bases of first six dorsal abdominal segments, black or fuscous. Length 6.5 mm suadus 8. Median fovea shallow, and extending widely over bases of antennae; antennae with fourth segment as long as or longer than third; saw-guides narrow, tapering, straight on upper margins, obtusely pointed ; body luteous, with an- tennae, a small spot including the ocelli, a spot on lateral lobes of mesonotum, scutellum in part, metanotum in part, basal plates, disk of tergum, and saw-guides, black; apices No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 117 of hind tibiae and their tarsi, bases of hind coxae, and a small spot beneath anterior wings, infuscated; stigma, costa, and veins at base, hyaline. Length 6 mm affinis Median fovea circular, not extending over bases of antennae; antennae with third and fourth segments subequal; saw- guides straight and oblique above, convex below, con- vexly rounded at apex to a blunt point above; body luteous, with a spot above the bases of antennae, around the ocelli, a broad band on median lobe of mesonotum, a nar- row band on each lateral lobe, an oblique band at their apices, apex of scutellum, all sometimes rufous, postscutel- lum, metathorax in part, basal plates, a spot on middle of first abdominal segment, apices of posterior tibiae, and posterior tarsi, black; stigma luteous, veins brownish. Length 8 mm ruf ocinctus 9. Stigma very narrow and acuminate; head and thorax with long, dense pubescence; ocellar basin rather indistinctly defined; frontal crest long and unbroken, median fovea triangular; saw-guides short, tapering, obtusely pointed; body black, with tips of clypeus, mouth-parts, angles of pronotum, tegulae, tip of abdomen except saw-guides, and outer half of femora, reddish yellow; tibiae pale yellowish; tarsi infuscated; pleurae with a reddish mark. Length 8 mm pubescens Stigma broad and rounded beneath; head and thorax with short, inconspicuous pubescence; ocellar basin distinct, with sharp lateral walls; frontal crest not prominent and unbroken; median fovea oval; saw-guides short and taper- ing; body black, with labrum, angles of pronotum, tegulae, tip of abdomen, venter in great part, and legs, yellowish or reddish; bases of coxae and of femora infuscated. Length 8 mm montivagus 10. Tergum of abdomen reddish yellow; head and thorax strongly punctate; ocellar basin with prominent, elevated ridges; frontal crest prominent and unbroken; saw-guides broad and truncate; body black, with posterior orbits, and notum in part including the scutellum, reddish ; supraclyp- eal area^ tip of clypeus, labrum, pronotum, tegulae, legs, and abdomen, reddish yellow; tips of posterior tibiae and posterior tarsi infuscated. Length 6.5 mm punctulatus Tergum of abdomen black or brown 11 11. Femora entirely pale 12 Femora wholly, or at least some of them in part, black 13 12. Head and thorax black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar, tegulae, legs beyond coxae except apex of posterior tibiae and posterior tarsi for the most part, and venter of the abdomen, white or luteous; head distinctly punctate; cly- Il8 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. peus deeply and narrowly emarginate; frontal crest un- broken; third and fourth segments of antennae subequal; saw-guides oblique above and below and obliquely trun- cated at apex. Length 7 mm corticcsus Head and thorax dark brown; body black, with head, anten- nae, pronotum, mesonotum, and dorsum of abdomen more or less, upper half of pleura, and saw-guides, dark brown; clypeus broadly and shallowly emarginate; frontal crest unbroken; antennae with third segment longer than fourth; saw-guides short, obliquely truncate, pointed at tip. Length 4.3 mm gregarius 13. Anterior pair of legs entirely pale; vertex finely tuberculate; ocellar basin with lateral walls minutely but sharply raised, obsolete posteriorly; frontal crest acutely elevated, angu- lated, and extending nearly to inner orbits; median fovea broad, extending on each side over bases of antennae; saw- guides broad, straight on upper margins, obliquely truncated at apex, bordering hairs minute and scattering; body shining black, with apex of clypeus, mouth-parts, pronotum in great part, teguke, anterior pair of legs, posterior pair of legs except bases of coxae and apices of femora and tibiae and all of tarsi, venter of abdomen except at apex, lateral margin and more or less of apex of tergum, yellowish white. Length 6-7 mm corniger Anterior pair of legs more or less marked with black 14 14. Frontal crest strongly developed, slightly broken at center, and not reaching inner orbits; ocellar basin with distinct sides but not strongly elevated; median fovea distinct, broadening posteriorly into a suture beneath the frontal crest; saw-guides rather broad, rounded, truncate at apex, straight on upper margins; body black, with tip of the clyp- eus, labrum, angles of pronotum, tegulae, coxae except at base, trochanters, bases of femora and tips of anterior femora, tibiae except tips of posterior pair, anterior tarsi, and venter except laterally at base and apex, pallid. Length 8 mm subalbatus Frontal crest distinctly elevated and unbroken, extending nearly to the inner orbits; ocellar basin with sides rounded, not strongly raised, and indistinct; median fovea large, circular, deeply excavated; saw-guides rather slender, somewhat pointed at tip, dorsal margin nearly straight; body black, with labrum, bases of mandibles, angles of pronotum, tegulae, coxae except at base, trochanters, tibiae of anterior pair of legs and their tarsi, and venter of ab- domen, yellowish or pallid. Length 6 mm palliventris 15. Head strongly dilated behind the compound eyes x° Head not strongly dilated behind the compound eyes 22 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 1 19 16. Body black on dorsum and venter 17 Body black, with venter and more or less of dorsum pale . . 21 17. Head and thorax covered with long, dense pubescence; stigma narrow and acuminate; procidentia wide, tapering, truncate at tip. Length 8 mm pubescens Head and thorax not covered with long, dense pubescence; stigma broad and tapering 18 iS. Legs pale beyond apices of femora 20 Legs pale beyond bases of femora 19 19. Procidentia longer than broad, truncate at apex; head with ocellar basin and frontal crest distinct but not strongly raised; body shining black, with supraclypeal area, labrum, apex of abdomen above, hypopygium, more or less of venter on each side, apices of coxae, trochanters, femora except bases, and tibiae except apices, light fulvous. Length 5.5 mm tritici Procidentia broader than long, broadly rounded; ocellar basin distinct, sharply raised; body black, with supraclyp- eal area, labrum, apices of segments of tergum, venter, a spot on pleurae, and legs, except apices of posterior tibiae and their tarsi, fulvous. Length 7 mm rufocinctus 20. Mouth-parts and orbits black; procidentia very broad, slightly tapering and rounded at tip extensicornis Mouth-parts and orbits pale; procidentia projecting only about half its width, broadly truncate at apex affinis 21. Procidentia narrow, tapering, pointed at top; body resin- ous yellow, with antennae, large spot on vertex about ocelli extending onto occiput, thorax above except pronotum and tegulae, and central dorsal area of abdomen, brownish black. Length 4 mm •• gregarius Procidentia very broad, tapering, squarely truncate at apex, not keeled; vertex rugose; ocellar basin with indistinct walls, median fovea extending laterally over bases of an- tennae, indistinctly defined; body black, with labrum, upper and posterior orbits, angles of pronotum, tegulae, outer two-thirds of femora, tibiae, tarsi, and abdomen except base of first dorsal segment, yellowish ferruginous; wings smoky, especially centrally. Length 8 mm infumatus 22. Procidentia rounded at apex, not constricted basally, strongly keeled; body black, with tip of clypeus, mouth-parts, angles of pronotum, tegulae, pectus, venter of abdomen, and legs except bases of coxae and apices of posterior tibiae and tarsi, yellowish ferruginous. Length 5 mm corniger Procidentia short, narrow, truncate; body black, with tip of clypeus, mouth-parts, angles of pronotum, venter, and legs except bases of coxae, extreme tip of posterior tibiae, and all posterior tarsi, yellowish ferruginous. Length 6.5 mm • • subalbatus 120 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °P. dimmockii (Cresson). Nematus dimmockii Cresson. °P. ocreatus (Harrington). Nematus ocreatus Harrington. P. extensicornis (Norton). Nematus extensicomis Norton. Nematus marylandicus Norton. Nematus aureopectus Norton. Howard, Insect Book, p. 75, Fig. 46, PI. xiv, Fig. 29. Larva feeds on wheat. New Haven, 15 May, 191 1, Orange, 21 May, 1911 (A. B. C). P. affinis Marlatt. Larva feeds on grass. Stonington, 16 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). *P. rufocinctus MacGillivray. New Haven, 15 May, 191 1, Orange, 21 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). °P. suadus (Cresson). Nematus suadus Cresson. °P. pubescens Marlatt. Larva feeds on Car ex. °P. montivagus Marlatt. °P. punctulatus Marlatt. °P. corticosus MacGillivray. °P. gregarius Marlatt. Larva feeds on willow. *P. corniger (Norton). Nematus comiger Norton. Larva feeds on grass. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Branford, 8 May, 1905 (H. W. W.). P. subalbatus (Norton). Nematus subalbatus Norton. Orange, 21 May, 191 1 (A. B. C.) ; New Haven, 30 May, 191 1 (B. H.W.). °P. palliventris (Cresson). Nematus palliventris Cresson. CP. tritici Marlatt. Larva feeds on wheat. °P. infumatus Marlatt. Nematus Jurine. Key to Species. I. Abdomen with last dorsal arc enormously developed; clypeus deeply, rather narrowly notched, lobes large and rounded; ocellar basin scarcely defined, deep furrow connecting an- terior ocellus with median fovea; saw-guides tapering, pointed, and with the terminal abdominal segment enor- mously developed, representing nearly half of abdomen; body uniformly reddish yellow. Length 7 mm unicolor Abdomen with last dorsal arc not enormously developed 2 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 121 2. Ocellar basin with indistinct lateral walls and without tuber- cles; clypeus nearly truncate; frontal crest large and rounded; saw-guides thick, short, scarcely projecting, margined with long, not very numerous curved hairs; body yellowish ferruginous, with antennae, spot on either side of scutellum, metathorax in part, basal plates, and center of abdomen above, black; mesonotum, pleurae in part, margin of abdomen, and sheath, more or less reddish. Length 5 mm. chloreus Ocellar basin with distinct lateral walls and containing two small tubercles; clypeus broadly emarginate; frontal crest large, obtusely rounded; saw-guides thick, squarely trun- cate, tubular; body luteous, pallid or reddish yellow, with the sides of the mesonotum, most of the metanotum, and a broad stripe on the middle of the abdomen, black. Length 7 mm pergandei °N. unicolor Marlatt. Larva feeds on birch. *N. chloreus Norton. Larva feeds on Quercus coccinea. Connecticut (E. N.). °N. pergandei Marlatt. Croesus Leach. C. latitarsus Norton. PI. i, Figr. i. Mesothorax with confluent longitudinal punctures; body blue-black, with the labrum, mandibles, palpi and the anterior pair of legs toward the tip, piceous ; posterior trochanters and the basal half of all the tibise white ; wings hyaline, with a smoky area beneath the stigma. Length 8 mm. Larva feeds on birch. New Haven, 1910 (B. H. W.) ; Stafford, 24 August, 1906 (W. E- B.). Common in New Haven. °C. laticulus Norton. Mesothorax with scattered, sub-obsolete, oval punctures ; body black, with tegulse, and a spot on the sides of the basal plates and of the second and third abdominal segments, whitish ; mandibles at apex, and legs, ferruginous, with apical two- thirds of their tibiae and greater part of metatarsi black; wings hyaline. Length 12 mm. Amauronematus Konow. Key to Species. I. Body black on dorsum 2 Body pale on dorsum, marked more or less with black 9 122 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 2. Wings smoky 3 Wings hyaline 6 3. Legs entirely black •. 4 Legs with tibiae yellowish, at least anterior pair in front 5 4. Abdomen with venter pale; clypeus almost truncate at apex; frontal crest and sides of ocellar basin nearly obsolete, indistinct; median fovea small, elongate; antennae with third segment shorter than fourth; procidentia very mi- nute and squarely truncate or broadly excavated at apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, cheeks, and bases of mandibles, whitish; orbits tinged with rufous. Length 6.5- 7 mm concolor Abdomen with venter yellowish white; clypeus very shal- lowly emarginate; ocellar basin with rounded, indistinct walls, frontal crest almost wanting; median fovea shallow, elongate; antennal segments three to five subequal, the fourth longest; saw-guides obliquely truncate' at apex; body black, with the oral region, outer orbits, supraclypeal area, pronotum in great part, and venter of abdomen, yel- lowish white. Length 9 mm comstockii 5. Clypeus rather broadly and shallowly emarginate; orbits pale; ocellar basin with distinctly defined walls; frontal crest narrow, not extending on each side, slightly broken by the deeply excavated, elongate median fovea; antennae with third segment shorter than fourth; saw-guides somewhat elongate, rounded at apex; body brownish black, with supraclypeal area, orbits, oral region, angles of pronotum, more or less of apical ventral segments, joints of legs, and most of anterior tibiae, yellowish. Length 8 mm gracilis Clypeus narrowly and rather deeply emarginate; orbits not pale; ocellar basin with its lateral walls rounded; frontal crest deeply broken by backward extension of deep, elon- gate median fovea; antennae with third segment shorter than either fourth or fifth; saw-guides elongate, slightly tapering, rounded at tip ; body black, with supraclypeal area, clypeus, labrum, cheeks, base of mandibles, and angles of pronotum, yellowish white; anterior legs in front from middle of femora, yellowish infuscated; venter of abdomen, except apex, yellowish. Length 9 mm similis 6. Abdomen black on venter 7 Abdomen pale on venter 8 7. Legs black except at joints; clypeus moderately and rather narrowly emarginate; ocellar basin with side walls rounded and indistinct; frontal crest not extending laterally, slightly broken by the shallow median fovea ; procidentia short, squarely truncate, with sharp angles, keeled ; body black, No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 123 with clypeus, oral region, and beneath the eyes, whitish; joints of legs, more or less of anterior face of tibiae and apices of femora, and angles of pronotum, yellowish. Length 5 mm cooki Legs reddish except apical half of posterior tibiae; clypeus broadly emarginate; ocellar basin distinctly defined but not deeply excavated; frontal crest not strongly developed; median fovea triangular; • procidentia short, more than twice as broad as long, truncate; body entirely black except parts named. Length 9 mm rufipes 8. Frontal crest strongly raised and unbroken; clypeus broadly and shallowly emarginate; ocellar basin with distinctly defined but not prominent walls; median fovea shallow, elongate oval ; saw-guides pointed, with a distinct scopa near the tip; body in female dull black, with face below an- tennae, orbits, pronotum, tegulae, pectus broadly, venter of abdo- men, lateral edge of dorsum, and some of the margins of the basal segments of the abdomen, pallid ; legs in part slightly infuscated ; male differs in having dorsum of abdomen black and venter somewhat infuscated. Length 5.5 mm azaleae Frontal crest broken (See sec. 5) similis 9. Abdomen black on dorsum ; ocellar basin with side walls indis- tinct or wanting; frontal crest short, strongly raised, and scarcely broken; median fovea small, shallow, circular; saw-guides very broad, obliquely truncate, upper edge ob- tusely pointed; body luteous or reddish, with a spot on vertex extending to antennae, lobes of mesonotum at cen- ter, scutellum in part, metanotum, abdomen on dorsum, saw- guides, and lower half of pleurae, black. Length 6 mm fulvipes Abdomen yellow 10 10. Wings smoky; legs black; frontal crest and sides of ocellar basin indistinct; median fovea elongate, shallow; saw- guides elongate, obtusely rounded at apex; body yellowish ferruginous, with the head and thorax in great part, center of the basal plates, apex of the abdomen, saw-guides, and legs, black. Length 8.5 mm luteotergum Wings hyaline or nearly so ; legs pale 11 11. P'emora wholly or in part black; ocellar basin with indistinct walls; frontal crest large, sharply defined, slightly or not at all broken; median fovea triangular; saw-guides long, narrow, regularly and equally rounded on both margins to obtuse apex; body ferruginous or reddish, with anten- nae above, a line on anterior lobes of mesonotum, sometimes wanting, apex of scutellum, metanotum in great part, and 1 abdomen dorsally at center, black. Length 7.5 mm. . .lineatus Femora resinous or yellow 12 124 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 12. Frontal crest slightly broken; ocellar basin with rounded walls; median fovea elongate; saw-guides tapering on both edges, somewhat angularly, to an obtuse tip, smooth, margined with very short, scattering hairs; body light yellowish or reddish, with the antennae above black; tips of hind tibiae and their tarsi infuscated. Length 7 mm brunneus Frontal crest distinct and unbroken; ocellar basin with wide, rounded walls; median fovea circular, with branches ex- tending over bases of antennae; saw-guides tapering, ob- tusely pointed, clothed with short and rather dense hairs; body resinous yellow, thorax and head reddish; antennae, ring about ocelli, and postscutellum black. Length 6 mm. dyari *A. concolor (Norton). Nematus concolor Norton. Nematus violaceipennis Norton. Farmington (E. N.). °A. comstocki Marlatt. °A. gracilis Marlatt. °A. similis Marlatt. Larva feeds on willow. °A. cooki Marlatt. °A. rufipes Marlatt. °A. azaleae Marlatt. Larva feeds on Azalea. A. fulvipes (Norton). Nematus fulvipes Norton. Connecti- cut (E. N.). A. luteotergum (Norton). Nematus luteotergum Norton. Larva feeds on alder. Connecticut (E. N.). °A. lineatus (Harrington). Nematus lineatus Harrington. 3 A. brunneus (Norton.) Nematus brunneus Norton. 'A. dyari Marlatt. Larva feeds on poplar. 0 o Pteronidea Rohwer. Key to Species. 1. Females 2 Males 34 2. Dorsum of body black with pale markings 3 Dorsum of body pale with black markings 31 3. Pectus always black 4 Pectus usually entirely pale, rarely in part fuscous 20 4. Stigma narrow, more than three times as long as wide, usu- ally straight on lower margin 5 Stigma broad, not much more than twice as long as wide, rounded on lower margin 7 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 125 5. Head, thorax, and abdomen black above; ocellar basin well- defined; frontal crest slightly notched at center; antennal segments three and four subequal; saw-guides broadly rounded on lower margin, pointed at tip; body black, with the area above bases of antennas, postgenae, orbits, mouth- parts, pronotum, tegulae, legs in great part, and venter of abdomen, pale; remainder of legs, veins, and stigma brown. Length 8 mm lata Head and thorax black, abdomen more or less pale 6 6. Abdomen with broad, lateral, pale stripe; sides of ocellar basin strongly and sharply raised; median fovea small, in- distinct; frontal crest very prominent, broadly curved, un- broken; saw-guides short, broad, obtusely pointed; body black, with clypeus and mouth-parts, most of pronotum, tegulae, lateral third of dorsum of abdomen, all of venter of abdomen, and legs, yellowish ferruginous; upper orbits and sides of mesonotum tinged with reddish. Length 7 mm. limbata Abdomen with a broad, transverse, yellow band; sides of ocellar basin and frontal crest strongly raised; median fovea large, oval, deeply excavated; antennal segments three and four subequal; saw-guides moderately robust, obtusely pointed, with straight upper margins; body black, with tip of clypeus, labrum, bases of mandibles, palpi, and basal half of hind tibiae, whitish; upper margin of prono- tum, tegulae, dorsum of four basal abdominal segments except apex of fourth, all of venter, and legs, yellowish ferruginous. Length 8 mm latifasciata 7. Head and thorax black 8 Head and thorax in great part pale 19 8. Abdomen with venter pale, dorsum always more or less black, except sometimes the apical segments 9 Abdomen with venter and dorsum pale, except sometimes the basal dorsal segments and rarely the terminal segments 12 9. Femora all black; ocellar basin well defined; frontal crest large, indistinctly broken; antennae with third segment slightly longer than fourth; saw-guides pointed, slightly excavated above and rounded beneath; body brownish black, with inner and outer orbits, face below base of an- tennae, pronotum except two or three dusky spots, tegulae, front femora, sometimes almost entirely, tips of femora and tibiae, lateral edges of thorax and abdomen, and venter, yellowish white. Length 8 mm ventralis Femora wholly or in part pale 10 10. Femora of front and middle legs pale, of hind legs black; ocellar basin deep with well-defined walls; frontal crest unbroken; median fovea large, triangular, deeply exca- 126 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. vatecl; antennal segments three and four subequal; saw- guides broad, obtusely pointed, upper margin slightly emarginate; body black, with the face below the antennae, mouth-parts, orbits, angles of pronotum narrowly, tegulae, nar- row apical margin of dorsal segments, two apical dorsal seg- ments, venter except epimera and some dusky spots on lateral margin of abdomen, and legs except apical half of posterior femora and apices of tibiae and tarsi, yellowish. Length 5.5 mm marlattii Femora of all the legs pale 11 11. Hind wings with free part of R4 and transverse part of Ma interstitial; ocellar basin distinctly defined; frontal crest strong, unbroken ; median fovea deep, with lateral chan- nels running from it over bases of antennae; antennal seg- ments three and four nearly equal; body black, with tip of clypeus, mouth-parts, angles of pronotum, tegulae, legs in great part, venter of abdomen, and marginal third of dorsum of abdomen, yellowish. Length 7 mm harringtoni Hind wings with transverse part of M2 separating from R a con- siderable distance before free part of R4; ocellar basin with well defined walls ; frontal crest unbroken ; median fovea oval ; antennal segments three and four sub-equal ; saw-guides broad, tapering, slightly produced, with a rather dense tuft of short hairs at the extreme tip ; body black, with supraclypeal area, clypeus in great part, mouth-parts, tegulae, abdomen except broad dorsal stripe, and legs in great part, reddish yellow. Length 7 mm fylesi 12. Hind femora black, at least apically 13 Hind femora entirely pale *7 13. Head with orbits pale; ocellar basin with sharply defined walls; frontal crest distinct, unbroken; median fovea cir- cular; saw-guides smooth, polished, pointed, bordering hairs minute; body black, with clypeus, mouth-parts, angles of pronotum, tegulae, anterior and posterior legs (except apical three-fourths of hind femora, hind tibiae, and tarsi), yellowish white; central part of mesonotum and scutellum sometimes yellowish brown; apical two-thirds of abdomen ferruginous; hind tibiae entirely brown, pale at base, and gradually darker towards apex, or white at base and grad- ually shading to brown. Length 7 mm tricolor Head with orbits black 14 14. Abdomen with apical segments black 15 Abdomen with apical segments rufous 16 15. Antennal segments three and four subequal; median fovea distinctly defined, oval; ocellar basin with sharply defined and strongly raised walls; frontal crest prominent, sharp, unbroken; saw-guides short, obtusely pointed, quite No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 127 densely clothed with hairs; body black, with the 'center of the basal abdominal segment, the three following segments and part of the fourth, reddish yellow ; tip of clypeus, mouth-parts, anterior legs in great part, coxse except at base, trochanters, bases of femora, and basal half of tibiae of hind legs, pallid; pronotum and tegulae pallid, infuscated. Length 8 mm. rufocincta Antenna; with third segment longer than fourth; median fovea very shallow, indistinct; ocellar basin well-defined, with prominent anterior angle; saw-guides short, stout, scarcely projecting; body black, with angles of pronotum, tegulae, and abdominal segments one to five dorsally and ventrally, yellowish ferruginous; mouth-parts strongly in- fuscated; coxae except at base, trochanters, and basal half of posterior tibiae, whitish; anterior and posterior faces of anterior tibiae and tarsi pallid. Length 6 mm dyari 16. Head and thorax finely punctate; clypeus shallowly and broadly emarginate, lobes triangular and rather pointed; median fovea circular, deeply excavated; frontal crest and sides of ocellar basin strongly raised, frontal crest un- broken; saw-guides rather robust, rugose, with numerous hairs; body black, with tip of clypeus, labrum, palpi, angles of pronotum, tegulae, abdomen except basal plates, first seg- ment on dorsum, saw-guides, and legs (except bases of coxse, tips of hind femora, apical two-thirds of hind tibiae, and hind tarsi), rufous; basal third of hind tibiae, white. Length 7-5 mm erythrogastra Head and thorax rather coarsely punctate, somewhat shiny; clypeus very shallowly emarginate, lobes very short and broadly rounded; median fovea broad and shallow; frontal crest and sides of ocellar basin distinctly elevated; frontal crest rarely indistinctly broken; saw-guides not very robust, rounded at apex, and with rather long and dense hairs; body black, with bases of antennae, tip of clyp- eus, labrum, palpi, angles of pronotum, tegulae, legs (ex- cept apex of posterior femora, apical half of posterior tibiae, and hind tarsi), and abdomen except basal plates, yel- lowish ferruginous. Length 6-7 mm corylus 17. Angles of pronotum and coxae black; walls of ocellar basin distinctly defined; frontal crest prominent, unbroken; me- dian fovea shallow; saw-guides robust, obtusely pointed, straight on the upper margins ; body black, with labrum pallid ; tips of anterior femora, hind femora, and abdomen except apical segment, orange-yellow, inclined to reddish on legs ; wings smoky. Length 8.5 mm fulvicrus Angles of pronotum and the coxae pale 18 128 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 18. Mesonotum with lateral lobes black, spotted with ferruginous; first abdominal segment black at base, ferruginous at apex; sides of ocellar basin distinctly raised; frontal crest prom- inent and unbroken; median fovea broad, shallow, not dis- tinctly defined; saw-guides rather broad, slightly excavated above, pointed, and with rather dense whitish hairs at tip; body black, with tip of clypeus, labrum, posterior orbits, angles of pronotum, tegulae, spot on the lateral lobes of meso- notum, abdomen beyond the middle of the first segment, and legs except the bases of the coxae and the hind tibiae and tarsi, yellowish ferruginous. Length 7 mm populi Mesonotum with the lateral lobes entirely and the entire first abdominal segment ferruginous; ocellar basin distinctly de- fined; frontal crest very prominent, unbroken; median fovea distinctly excavated, triangular; saw-guides narrow and taper- ing; body black, with clypeus and labrum pale; angles of pro- notum, tegulae, lateral lobes of mesonotum, abdomen except the basal plates and saw-guides, and legs except hind tibiae and tarsi, yellowish ferruginous. Length 10 mm hudsonii 19. Hind femora mostly black; ocellar basin distinct, with sharply raised sides; frontal crest broad, rounded, unbroken; me- dian fovea deep, circular; saw-guides strongly tapering toward the rounded apex, nearly straight on upper margins, with very short, inconspicuous pubescence; body yellow- ish or ferruginous, with base of antennae, spot about ocelli, occiput, pronotum except outer angles, spot on lobes of mesonotum, spot about the cenchri, basal plates, and first ab- dominal segment at base, black; pectus, hind femora except at base, tips of hind tibiae, and hind tarsi, blackish brown. Length 6 mm antennata Hind femora entirely pale; ocellar basin with poorly defined walls; frontal crest entire or indistinctly broken; median fovea rather deep at apex, oval; saw-guides rather narrow, rounded at extremity, with short hairs ; body luteous or ferru- ginous, with head below antennae, except the supraclypeal area, orbits, more or less of antennae above, large spot on middle of lobes of mesonotum, scutellum more or less, lower part of pleurae, pectus, apices of posterior tibiae, and posterior tarsi, brownish black. Length 7-7.5 mm. ribesi 20. Head with the orbits not pale 2I Head with orbits pale 23 21. Mesonotum black; ocellar basin distinctly defined, with prom- inent walls; frontal crest strongly bent anteriorly, scarcely broken centrally; median fovea triangular, deep, with sharp limiting ridges; saw-guides short, rounded No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 120, at tip, slightly emarginate beneath, clothed with dark brownish hairs; body black, with supraclypeal area, clyp- eus, mouth-parts, pronotum, tegulae, pectus in great part, legs except apices of hind femora and tibiae and hind tarsi, and venter of abdomen, light resinous yellow; abdomen at sides, and central area interrupted at base and apex, yellow. Length 6 mm carpini Mesonotum, at least in part, pale 22 22. Median lobes of mesonotum in great part, and abdomen, black; frontal crest prominent, sometimes slightly broken; median fovea shallow, indistinct; saw-guides obtusely pointed, straight on upper edge, narrow; body ferruginous, with head except palpi and clypeus sometimes in part, margin of the pronotum, a band along middle of mesonotum, metanotum, metapleurae, basal plates, abdomen above, apices of posterior tibiae, and posterior tarsi, black. Length 7 mm militaris Median lobes of mesonotum and abdomen in great part red- dish; ocellar basin with rounded walls; frontal crest un- broken; median fovea shallow, circular; saw-guides rather short and robust, regularly rounded at tip; body reddish yellow, with antennae, head except tip of clypeus and more or less of mouth-parts, scutellum more or less, metanotum, center of basal dorsal area of abdomen, and saw-guides, black. Length 6 mm thoracica 23. Stigma and costa brown 24 Stigma and costa yellowish hyaline 28 24. Scutellum black 25 Scutellum pale 27 25. Frontal crest unbroken; ocellar basin with distinctly limit- ing walls; median fovea deep and triangular; saw-guides short, rather robust, regularly tapering; body light green- ish yellow, with antennae, large spot about the ocelli extending onto the occiput, lobes of mesonotum, metanotum, large spot on upper angles of pleurae, base of dorsal abdominal seg- ments centrally, apex of saw-guides, apex of hind femora, apical two-thirds of hind tibiae, and hind tarsi, black. Length 6 mm ostryae Frontal crest broad, slightly broken at middle 26 26. Head nearly spherical when viewed laterally; clypeus rather narrowly and deeply emarginate; ocellar basin distinctly defined, sides acute, finely raised; frontal crest broad, somewhat broken at middle; median fovea broad, circular, shallow; saw-guides narrow, rounded at apex; body pal- lid or resinous, with antennae, spot on vertex, including the ocelli and extending onto the occiput, mesonotum, metanotum, 9 I30 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. abdomen on dorsum except narrow lateral margin, and apex of saw-guides, black; scutellum at base, and suture of mesonotum, inclined to reddish. Length 5.5 mm odorata Head triangular in outline when viewed laterally; clypeus broadly, circularly emarginate, lobes rounded, not broad; ocellar basin deeply and distinctly excavated, lateral walls rounded ; frontal crest strongly developed, divided by a narrow depressed line at middle; median fovea deep; saw- guides narrow, tapering to a rounded tip ; body pallid or resin- ous, with antennae, large spot covering vertex, dorsum of thorax, and abdomen except narrow lateral margin, black ; hind tarsi and saw-guides brown; hind tibiae darker at tip. Length 7 mm cornelli 27. Posterior tibiae and tarsi dark brown; ocellar basin with distinctly denned sides; frontal crest distinct, unbroken, curving anteriorly; median fovea triangular, sharply de- fined; saw-guides narrow, smooth, tapering on both edges to rounded tip; body reddish yellow, with antennae, large spot on vertex extending onto occiput, mesonotum, small spot beneath anterior wings, metanotum except postscutellum and sutures and lateral margin, abdomen except lateral margin and apical segment, apical half of saw-guides, and posterior tibiae and tarsi, brownish black. Length 6.5-7 mm trilineata Posterior tibiae and tarsi resinous; ocellar basin distinctly defined, sides faintly raised; frontal crest stout; median fovea elongate, rather deeply excavated; saw-guides broad, obtusely pointed, densely hairy at apex and on lower margin ; body yellow ferruginous, with the antennae basally, spot on the head surrounding the ocelli and extending narrowly over the vertex, large spot on anterior lobe of mesonotum, apex of scutellum, metanotum, and abdomen on dorsum except narrow lateral margin and more or less of some of the middle seg- ments at apex, black. Length 8 mm magna 28. Frontal crest broad, unbroken at middle 29 Frontal crest broad, broken at middle 30 29. Antennae with third segment longer than fourth; saw-guides robust, densely clothed with long, whitish hairs at apex on lower margin; clypeus nearly truncate; ocellar basin indistinctly denned, sides rounded; frontal crest broad, unbroken; median fovea defined only on anterior margin; body yellowish or ferruginous, with a spot on the vertex ex- tending back over the occiput, mesonotum, metanotum, and dorsum of abdomen except a narrow lateral margin, black. Length 4.5 mm quercus Antennae with third segment shorter than fourth; saw-guides narrow, tapering to a rounded tip; clypeus very broadly but not deeply emarginate; ocellar basin with distinctly No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. I3I defined walls; frontal crest prominent but not distinctly- limited; body yellowish or pallid, with antennae, a large spot on the vertex, mesonotum, metanotum, and dorsum of abdomen, black. Length 7 mm hyalina 30. Scutellum wholly or in part black; saw-guides rather pointed, lower margin regularly pointed, upper margin straight or slightly concave, bordering hairs very minute; clypeus dis- tinctly but not very broadly emarginate; ocellar basin with sides distinctly, rather sharply raised; frontal crest rounded, broken at middle; median fovea circular, shallow; body light yellowish, with antennae, a spot on vertex ex- tending onto occiput, lobes of mesonotum except lateral edges, metanotum, and dorsum of abdomen centrally ex- cept apex of last segment, black or dark brown; hind tibiae and tarsi more or less infuscated. Length 6 mm. vertebrata Scutellum pale; saw-guides rather narrow, slightly concave above, rounded at apex; clypeus circularly emarginate; ocellar basin distinctly limited; frontal crest large, slightly broken at middle; median fovea expanding basally; body pallid or yellowish, with antennae above, spot on vertex extending to bases of antennas, center of lobes of mesono- tum, metanotum, and central portion of abdomen on dor- sum, brownish black; tibiae and tarsi slightly infuscated. Length 6-6.5 mm ■ integra SI. Body entirely without black or brownish markings of any sort. Length 7 mm monochroma Body, at least in part, with black or brownish markings 32 32. Body greenish luteous, with first seven dorsal abdominal seg- ments, saw-guides, mesothorax in part, metathorax, spot on pleurae below wings, and two basal segments of anten- nae, black; clypeus hardly emarginate; tips of tarsi black- ish ; stigma and costa pale green. Length 7 mm stigmata Body yellow or pallid, without black or brownish band on dorsum of abdomen 33 33. Frontal crest prominent, broken at middle, or strongly bi- tuberculate; median fovea broad, shallow; clypeus broadly but not deeply notched; ocellar basin with distinctly de- fined but rounded lateral walls; saw-guides tapering, straight or slightly concave on upper margin; body light yellowish, with narrow border to ocelli, small spot on occiput, spots on lobes of mesonotum, sometimes wanting, apex of scutellum, and spot between cenchri, brownish black; costa and stigma greenish hyaline. Length 5-6 mm. mendica Frontal crest unbroken; median fovea deep, extending lat- erally over bases of antennae; clypeus deeply, circularly 132 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [BulL emarginate; ocellar basin distinctly denned, lateral walls not very sharply raised; saw-guides robust, obliquely truncate at tip; body light yellow or pallid, with spot connecting ocelli, antennae above, and anterior edge of cenchri, dark brown or black; lobes of mesonotum and head above, brownish purple; stigma yellow. Length 8 mm. pinguidorsum 34. Procidentia very broad and large 35 Procidentia narrow, sometimes almost obsolete 36 35. Head including orbits black; clypeus shallowly and broadly emarginate; sides of ocellar basin and frontal area rounded, indistinct; procidentia very broad, one-third as wide as last segment, rounded at tip, strongly constricted basally; body black, with clypeus, mouth-parts, angles of pronotum, tegulae, narrow lateral margin of abdomen, posterior mar- gin of central segments, two terminal segments, venter of abdomen, and legs, yellowish ferruginous; apices of poste- rior tibiae and their tarsi black. Length 6-7 mm longicornis Head with orbits reddish; procidentia very broad, as broad as long, constricted at base; body black or brownish, with mouth-parts, pronotum, tegulae, base of costa, legs except tips of posterior tibiae and their tarsi, abdomen beneath, and more or less of the sides of the tergum, luteous ; orbits, lat- eral lobes of mesonotum, and basal edges of scutellum, more or less rufous. Length 6 mm ribesi 36. Pectus black 37 Pectus and venter of abdomen pale 43 37. Abdomen with the venter black 38 Abdomen with the venter pale 42 38. Legs pale except tips of posterior tibiae and their tarsi 39 Legs entirely pale; clypeus broadly emarginate, almost trun- cate; frontal crest very large, strongly angled anteriorly; ocellar basin with lateral walls tapering rapidly posteriorly; median fovea narrow, breaking slightly through the frontal crest; third antennal segment slightly shorter than fourth or fifth; procidentia short, not very broad, rounded at apex; body black, with clypeus, mouth-parts, extending to eyes, narrow line on venter of abdomen including hypo- pygium, and legs, ferruginous yellow; coxae black at base. Length 5.5 mm dubia 39. Clypeus distinctly emarginate ; procidentia minute 40 Clypeus nearly truncate; procidentia long and projecting, keeled ; body colored as in female, except that the abdomen is wholly black, and the legs yellowish except tip of posterior femora and apical half of posterior tibiae. Length 5.5 mm. dyari No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. I33 40. Stigma rather elongate and acuminate; extreme tips of hind tibiae brown 41 Stigma short and robust; apical half of hind tibiae infuscated; clypeus shallowly but distinctly emarginate; ridges around ocellar basin rounded but distinct; procidentia narrow, short, and blunt; body black, with clypeus, labrum, palpi, tegulae, and legs except coxae and posterior tibise and tarsi, yellowish ferruginous. Length 5.5 mm lombardae 41. Abdomen with venter black; hind wings with free part of R» and transverse part of M2 interstitial; procidentia short, narrow, slightly constricted basally, truncate at apex; other characters as in female. Length 6 mm harringtoni Abdomen with venter pale; hind wings with free part of R« and the transverse part of M2 not interstitial ; procidentia short, narrow, truncate at apex; other characters as in female except that dorsum of abdomen is entirely black and venter infuscated. Length 6 mm fylesi 42. Abdomen entirely black on dorsum; upper half of pleurae pale; procidentia apparently nearly wanting; other characters as in female. Length 4.5 mm thoracica Abdomen with a transverse reddish band on segments two and three of dorsum and venter ; procidentia as long as broad, narrow, taaering, squarely truncate, or slightly emarginate at apex, constricted at base; other characters as in female, except that inner orbits are black, legs dark reddish yellow, bases of all dorsal abdominal segments dark, especially the terminal ones, and hind tibiae slightly infuscated. Length 7 mm ventralis 4.3. Stigma and costa brown 44 Stigma and costa yellowish hyaline 45 44. Head nearly spherical in outline when viewed laterally; clyp- eus narrowly and deeply excavated; procidentia short, nar- row, rounded at apex. Length 5 mm odorata Head triangular in outline when viewed laterally; clypeus . rather broadly excavated; procidentia short, narrow, pro- jecting about its own width. Length 5 mm cornelli +5. Procidentia narrow, nearly twice as long as wide, slightly notched at tip; other structural characters as in female. Length 4 mm vertebrata Procidentia narrow, projecting, squarely truncate at apex, about as wide as long; other structural characters as in female. Length 4.5-5 mm mendica °P. lata (Marlatt). Pteronus latus Marlatt. P. limbata (Cresson). Nematus limbatus Cresson. oi oi 134 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Pieronus limbatus Cresson. Larva feeds on willow. Fairfield, i August, 1904 (B. H. W.). °P. latifasciata (Cresson). Nematus latifasciatus Cresson. Pteronus latifasciatus Cresson. Larva feeds on birch. P. ventralis (Say). Nematus ventralis Say. Pteronus ventralis Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 9. Larva feeds on willow and poplar. PI. i, Fig. 3. Farmington (E. N.) ; New Haven. °P. marlattii (Dyar). Nematus marlattii Dyar. Pteronus marlattii Dyar. Larva feeds on alder. °P. harringtoni (Marlatt). Pteronus harringtoni Marlatt. °P. fylesi (Marlatt). Pteronus fylesi Marlatt. 'P. tricolor (Marlatt). Pteronus tricolor Marlatt. P. rufocincta (Harrington). Nematus rufociuctus Harring- ton. Pteronus rufocinctus Harrington. °P. dyari (Marlatt). Pteronus dyari Marlatt. Larva feeds on alder. °P. erythrogastra (Norton). Nematus erythrogaster Norton. P. corylus (Cresson). Nematus corylus Cresson. Pteronus corylus Cresson. Pteronus erythrogaster Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 32. Larva feeds on Corylus. CP. fulvicrus (Provancher). Nematus fulvicrus Provancher. Pteronus fulvicrus Provancher. Nematus salicis Ashmead. Larva feeds on willow. P. populi (Marlatt). Pteronus populi Marlatt. Larva feeds on poplar. New Haven, 20 July, 191 1 (A. B. C). °P. hudsonii (Dyar). Nematus hudsonii magnus Dyar. Pteronus hudsonii Dyar. Larva feeds on poplar. °P. antennata Marlatt. Pteronus antennatus Marlatt. P. ribesi (Scopoli). Nematus ribesi Scopoli. Pteronus ribesi Scopoli. Nematus ventricosus of many authors. Imported or Common Currant Worm. Common throughout the state on wild and cultivated currants and gooseberries. New Haven (A. E. V., W. E. B., H. L. V., B. H. W.). °P. carpini (Marlatt). Pteronus carpini Marlatt. Larva feeds on ironwood. NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 135 Fig. 3. Pteronidea ribesi. Eggs. Twice natural size. ■I '• I- -.-S3 ■'■' ■■■* flMP^llllF Fig. 5. Pteronidea ribesi. Fig. 4. Pteronidea ribesi. Partially grown Fully grown larva. Natura larvae. Twice natural size. size. ^ Fig. 6. Pteronidea ribesi.. Cocoons. Natural size. Fig. 7. Pteronidea ribesi. Adult female. About twice natural size. GP. militaris (Cresson). Nematus militaris Cresson. Pteronus militaris Cresson. P. thoracica (Harrington). Nematus thoracicus Harrington. Pteronus thoracicus Harrington. Larva feeds on shad-bush. Hamden, 28 May, 191 1 (B. H. W.). I36 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. CP. ostryae (Marlatt). Pteronus ostryce Marlatt. °P. odorata (Dyar). Nematus salicis odoratus Dyar. Pteronus odoratus Dyar. Larva feeds on willow. °P. cornelli (Marlatt). Pteronus cornelli Marlatt. P. trilineata (Norton). Nematus trilineatus Norton. Pteronus trilineatus, Norton. Nematus similaris Norton. Nematus robinice Forbes. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 28. Larva feeds on locust. Farmington (E. N.) ; New Haven, 22 May, 1908 (B. H. W.). °P. magna (Marlatt). Pteronus magnus Marlatt. °P. quercus (Marlatt). Pteronus quercus Marlatt. Larva feeds on white oak. °P. hyalina (Marlatt). Pteronus hyalinus Marlatt. Larva feeds on white birch. CP. vertebrata (Say). Nematus vertebratus Say. Pteronus vertebratus Say. Nematus dorsivittatus Cresson. Larva feeds on willow and poplar. P. integra (Say). Nematus integer Say. Pteronus integer Say. Larva feeds on black oak. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New- Haven. °P. monochroma (Norton). Nematus monochromus Norton. °P. stigmata (Norton). Nematus stigmatus Norton. P. mendica (Walsh). Nematus mendicus Walsh. Pteronus wendicus Walsh. Nematus trivittatus Norton. Larva feeds on willow. New Haven, 4 May, 1904, 19 April, 1910 (H. L. V., VanDuzee, B. H. W.) ; Wallingford, 14 June, 191 1 (J. K. Lewis). °P. pinguidorsum (Dyar). Nematus pinguidorsum Dyar. Pteronus pinguidorsum Dyar. Larva feeds on birch. °P. longicornis (Marlatt). Pteronus longicomis Marlatt. °P. dubia (Marlatt). Pteronus dubius Marlatt. °P. lombardae (Marlatt). Pteronus lombardce Marlatt. Larva feeds on Lombardy poplar. s[o. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 137 Pontania Costa. Key to Species. 1. Head, including orbits, black 2 Head with orbits resinous or ferruginous 5 2. Thorax with collar and tegulae black; body black, with tro- chanters, apical half of femora, tibiae, and tarsi, pallid; clypeus nearly truncate; antennae with third segment dis- tinctly shorter than fourth; saw-guides slender, tapering, rounded at tip. Length 4 mm atra Thorax with tegulae and collar narrowly pale 3 3. Clypeus very slightly concave, almost truncate; body black, with tip of the clypeus, labrum, mouth-parts, extreme angles of pronotum, tegulae, and legs except bases of coxae, yellow; antennae with third and fourth segments subequal; saw- guides elongate, narrow, tapering regularly to tip. Length 4 mm hyalina Clypeus emarginate 4 4. Head smooth, not coarsely punctate; body black, with apex of clypeus, other mouth-parts, angles of pronotum, tegulae, and legs for the most part, yellow; antennae with third segment slightly longer than fourth; saw-guides narrow, regularly tapering or slightly emarginate on lower edge. Length 4 mm terminalis Head roughened and coarsely punctate; body black, with clypeus, mouth-parts, angles of pronotum, tegulae, hypo- pygium, and legs except bases of coxae, yellowish ferruginous; antennae with segments three and four subequal; hypopygium narrow, rounded at tip. Length 4 mm rugulosa 5. Head with the frontal crest obsolete 6 Head with the frontal crest present 7 6. Claws coarsely notched; body resinous yellow, with antennae above, quadrate spot on vertex, quadrate spot on meso- notum, line down center and tip of scutellum, and dorsum of abdomen except the lateral margin, brownish black; antennae with the third segment a little shorter than the fourth ; saw-guides short, broad, rounded at tip, emarginate be- neath. Length 4.5 mm robusta Claws very minutely cleft at extreme tip; body yellowish ferruginous, with antennae, a large spot on head about the ocelli, occiput, mesonotum and metanotum, abdomen except nar- row lateral margin, more or less of metaepisternum, and bases of posterior coxas, black; procidentia not or scarcely projecting. Length 4.5 mm placenta Head with frontal crest unbroken, not even slightly notched 8 Head with frontal crest broken or notched 12 I38 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 8. Body in great part black with pale markings 9 Body in great part resinous with black markings 11 9. Antennae with third segment longer than fourth; clypeus deeply emarginate, lobes somewhat pointed; ocellar basin sharply defined; saw-guides elongate, narrow, regularly tapering; body black, with apical half of clypeus, mouth- parts, angles of pronotum broadly, tegulae, and legs for the most part, light yellow; venter of abdomen yellowish, strongly infuscated. Length 5 mm populi 10. Surface of body shining, entirely without pubescence; ocellar basin distinctly defined, with rounded walls; frontal crest rather sharp and unbroken; median fovea oval and dis- tinctly deiined; saw-guides moderately broad, regularly round at tip; body black, with orbits and face brownish yellow; pronotum, tegulae, legs for most part, and venter' of abdo- men, yellowish or resinous; apical half of abdomen of female above, yellow; procidentia not longer than wide. Length 4.5 mm consors Surface of the body clothed with minute yellowish hairs, especially evident on thorax; ridges of ocellar basin al- most obsolete; frontal crest well developed; median fovea minute, oval; saw-guides narrow, elongate, regularly tapering or slightly excavated beneath, clothed with short black hairs; body black, with the inner orbits narrowly, and the cheeks, resinous, strongly infuscated; supraclypeal area, mouth-parts, pronotum, tegulae, legs in great part, and central area of venter of abdomen, resinous infuscated. Length 4 mm borealis 11. Stigma broad, rounded on lower margin; body resinous, with base of antennae, space about ocelli, stripe on each lobe of mesonotum, apex of scutellum, metanotum, dorsal seg- ments of abdomen except the last, extending over sides, large spot on pectus, and saw-guides, brownish black-, clypeus broadly and shallowly emarginate ; ocellar basin sharply and distinctly defined; antennas with third segment a little shorter than fourth; saw-guides stout and broad basally, slightly emarginate on lower apical edge, tip obtusely rounded. Length 5 mm pectoralis Stigma narrow, acuminate; body resinous, with antennae, spot on head back of ocelli extending over occiput, center of lobes of mesonotum, apical half of scutellum, meta- thorax, basal plates, more or less of abdomen basally and centrally to apex, and saw-guides, black ; clypeus shallowly, somewhat angularly notched; ocellar basin with its walls low; antennae with segments three and four subequal; saw-guides broad, slightly concave on upper margin, and No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 1 39 decidedly produced at tip, which is obtusely pointed, with a rather dense tuft of hairs. Length 5.5 mm acuminata 12. Dorsum of thorax and abdomen in great part black 13 Dorsum of thorax and abdomen in great part ferruginous.. 16 13. Pale color of inner orbits interrupted; body black, with face below antennae, posterior and upper orbits, most of pronotum, tegulae, legs except extreme bases of posterior coxae and extreme bases of posterior tibiae, whitish or resinous; clypeus circularly emarginate; ocellar basin dis- tinctly defined; saw-guides broad, strongly acuminate at tip. Length 4 mm nigrita Pale color of inner orbits not interrupted 14 34. Antennae entirely black; body black, with orbits, face be- neath antennae, pronotum, tegulae, legs, and venter of abdomen, reddish yellow; head much narrower than thorax; clypeus distinctly circularly emarginate; ocellar basin with ridges rounded and subobsolete; saw-guides elongate, nar- row, and tapering. Length 4 mm gracilis Antennae, at least in part, pale beneath 15 15. Vertex roughened; body in female black, with the face below the antennae, orbits, mouth-parts, angles of pronotum, tegulae, and legs except extreme bases of coxae, ferruginous ; clypeus circu- lar and moderately broadly notched with small lobes; ocellar basin distinctly defined; frontal crest strongly developed and very slightly broken by median fovea; saw-guides rather broad, acuminate, not very sharply pointed, hairs rather long and abundant; male differs mainly in having a greater extent of ferruginous. Length 5 mm pallicomis Vertex not roughened ; body in female black, with orbits, face below including frontal crest, most of pronotum, tegulae, legs, extreme bases of posterior coxae, more or less of central portion of venter of abdomen, including terminal seg- ments, and terminal dorsal segments with the cerci, ferru- ginous; clypeus rather deeply and angularly notched, lobes triangular; ocellar basin distinctly limited, lateral ridges not very sharply raised; frontal crest prominent, slightly notched at center; saw-guides broad, very slightly emar- ginate beneath, rounded above, apex rounded; male dif- fers in having antennae beneath and frontal crest fulvous. Length 4 mm pisum 16. Head with ridges about ocellar basin rounded, subobsolete; clypeus rather deeply but angularly emarginate, lobes tri- angular, rounded; frontal crest broad, rounded, slightly notched ; body in female ferruginous, with antennae except beneath, quadrate spot including ocelli, stripe on center of meso- notum sometimes wanting, spot on either side of scutellum, metathorax in part, basal plates, narrow basal margin of dorsal I4-0 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. segments indistinct toward tip, and saw-guides, black; saw- guides broad and robust, scarcely tapering, rounded at tip; male differs in having more of black on head, thorax for the most part, and dorsum of abdomen, black. Length 4-5.5 mm pomum Head in female with ridges about ocellar basin well defined and thick; clypeus deeply and narrowly emarginate, lobes rounded; head and thorax strongly punctate; frontal crest large, slightly notched; body ferruginous, with antennae, large spot including ocelli, stripe on anterior lobe of mesonotum, stripe in front of scutellum, most of metanotum, and dor- sum of abdomen except at sides and at apex, brownish black. Male differs in having ocellar basin less distinctly defined. Length 4-5 mm desmodioides °P. atra Marlatt. P. hyalina (Norton). Messa hyalina Norton. Larva makes galls on Salix fragilis. New Haven, 19 April, 1910 (B. H. W.). P. terminalis Marlatt. Larva makes galls on smooth-leaved willow. °P. rugulosa Marlatt. °P. robusta Marlatt. Larva folds the leaves of Fopulus tremuloides. °P. placenta Norton. Nematus placenta Norton. °P. populi Marlatt. Larva folds the leaves of Populus grandidentata. 'P. consors Marlatt. Larva makes galls on Salix sericea. 'P. borealis Marlatt. Larva makes galls on Salix sericea. 'P. pectoralis Marlatt. 'P. acuminata Marlatt. 'P. nigrita Marlatt. 'P. gracilis Marlatt. Larva makes galls on Salix petiolata. °P. pallicornis (Norton). Nematus pallicornis Norton. Larva feeds on willow. P. pisum (Walsh). Nematus pisum Walsh. Larva makes galls on Salix discolor. New Haven, 20 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). °P. pomum (Walsh). Nematus pomum Walsh. Nematus hospes Walsh. Larva makes galls on Salix cordata and dis- color. o ■ o ■ o- O" No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 141 P. desmodioides Walsh. Nematus desmodioides Walsh. Larva makes galls on Salix humilis. New Canaan, 17 Septem- ber, 1915 (B. H. W.). Euura Newman. Key to Species. 1. Frontal crest distinct 2 Frontal crest indefinite and apparently wanting; body black, with the head except a quadrangular spot about the ocelli and extending to the eyes, prothorax, margins of lobes of meso- notum narrowly, upper half of pleurae, tegulae, legs, abdo- men except above at base, and saw-guides except at apex, resinous; median fovea a minute elongate pit; saw-guides large, upper and lower margins slightly converging, and broadly rounded at apex. Length 7 mm maculata 2. Frontal crest unbroken at middle 3 Frontal crest notched or broken at middle 5 3. Orbits rufous 4 Orbits wholly black; body black, with antennae, except at base, rufous; tegulae and legs beyond basal third of femora, yellowish rufous; median fovea distinct, round, pit-like; clypeus deeply, narrowly, angularly emarginate; saw- guides narrow and converging on both margins to a bluntly rounded apex. Length 6 mm salicicola 4. Median fovea circular, shallow; body black, with head ex- cept a round patch about ocelli, prothorax, legs, venter, and apex of abdomen more or less, rufous; clypeus shal- lowly, roundly emarginate; saw-guides straight above, and broadly convexly rounded to a blunt point at apex above. Length 7 mm orbitalis Median fovea deep, pit-like, longer than broad ; body in female black, with head except a square spot about ocelli and occiput, prothorax, tegulae, legs, and abdomen except some of the basal dorsal abdominal segments, rufous; clypeus broadly, deeply rounded; saw-guides with two margins converging toward apex, the lower margin strongly oblique, bluntly pointed at apex; apex of saw-guides covered with a dense scopa; male differs in having more black on head and abdomen. Length 7 mm ovum 5. Orbits, at least in part, pale 6 Orbits wholly black; body black, with legs beyond middle of femora, rufous; median fovea shallow, broad, indefinite; frontal crest broken by a very narrow furrow; saw-guides with the two margins gradually converging to a bluntly rounded point at apex. Length 6 mm nigra 6. Median fovea indefinite, represented only by a shallow de- pression in frontal crest; body black, with head except 142 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. a spot around ocelli and occiput, pronotum, tegulae, legs, and venter of abdomen, luteous; saw-guides straight above and broadly convexly truncated from the base to a point above at apex. Length 4 mm. minuta Median fovea distinct, circular in outline, deep, and longer than broad; body in female black, with head except a spot around ocelli and occiput, prothorax, tegulae, legs beyond mid- dle of coxae, and abdomen except more or less at base, rufous ; clypeus broadly, shallowly, roundly emarginate; saw-guides straight on upper margins, convex on lower, and obliquely convexly truncated at apex; male differs in having body almost entirely black. Length 6 mm nodus °E. maculata MacGillivray. E. salicicola Smith. Larva makes galls on stems of Salix alba. New Haven, 19 April, 1910 (B. H. W.). *E. orbitalis Norton. Larva makes galls on stems of Salix humilis. Connecticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 1, 8 June, 191 1 (A. B. C). °E. ovum Walsh. Larva makes galls on stems of Salix cor data. 3E. nigra Provancher. Larva makes a witch's broom on Salix. °E. minuta MacGillivray. °E. nodus Walsh. Larva makes galls on stems of Salix longifolia. Blennocampin.^e. Key to Genera. 1. Gens broad and distinct, the eyes being distant from the base of the mandibles 2 1 Genae narrow and indistinct, hardly more than a line beneath the eyes 9 2. Claws simple, without a tooth 3 Claws always with a tooth, the tooth sometimes small 4 3. Antennae with third segment always distinctly longer than fourth Pareophora p. 143 Antennae with third segment subequal in length to fourth Neopareophora p. 144 4. Claws with a small tooth within before the apex 5 Claws cleft at apex, inner tooth nearly as long as outer.. 7 5. Mesothoracic episternum with a transverse suture near its cephalic margin separating off a presternum Neotomostethus p. 144 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. I43 Mesothoracic episternum without a transverse suture near its cephalic margin 6 6. Antennae with third segment distinctly longer than fourth Ardis Antennae with third segment subequal to or shorter than fourth Rhadinoceraea p. 144 7. Antennae with third segment subequal in length to fourth Hypargyricus p. 144 Antennae with third segment always distinctly longer than fourth 8 8. Hind wings of female with first anal cell never constricted or petiolated at apex Isodyctium p. 145 Hind wings of female with first anal cell always distinctly constricted and petiolated at apex Periclista p. 146 9. Mesothoracic episternum with a transverse suture near its cephalic margin, separating off a presternum Tomostethus p. 148 Mesothoracic episternum not with a transverse suture near its cephalic margin 10 to. Claws simple, without a tooth Monophadnus p. 148 Claws always with a tooth, the tooth sometimes small 11 [I. Claws with one or more teeth within before the apex 12 Claws cleft at apex 13 [2. Claws with an erect tooth at middle Paracharactus p. 150 Claws with two erect teeth at middle Neocharactus 13. Hind wings with transverse part of M2 present 14 Hind wings with transverse part of M2 wanting 16 [4. Antennae with third segment subequal to or shorter than fourth Phymatocera p. 150 Antennas with third segment always longer than fourth 15 15. Front wings with radial cross-vein and free part of R* in- clined at the same angle Monophadnoides p. 151 Front wings with radial cross-vein and free part of R4 in- clined at different angles Aphanisus p. 153 16. Front wings with radial cross-vein and free part of R« in- clined at same angle Blennocampa p. 154 Front wings with radial cross-vein and free part of R4 in- clined at different angles Erythraspides p. 155 Pareophora Konow. C'P. floridana (Cresson). Selandria floridana Cresson. Blennocampa floridana Cresson. Body shining black, with the mandibles rufous at base, the tegulse and collar white, and the legs beyond the coxae luteous. more or less suffused with fuscous ; wings infuscated. veins and stigma black. Length 5 mm. 144 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Neopareophora MacGillivray. Key to Species. 1. Pleurae rufous; body black, with labrum, mandibles, pro- thorax, tegulae, mesopleurae, side lobes of mesonotum, legs, venter and tip of abdomen, yellow or rufous; cerci elongate; saw-guides obliquely truncated at apex; wings hyaline. Length 4 mm martini Pleura? black 2 2. Antennal furrows broad and distinct, interrupted on the middle of the front by a fine, transverse ridge; body black, with labrum, tegulas, front legs below coxae, middle and hind legs below knees, and wings more or less at base, white; cerci hardly exserted; saw-guides large, straight above, broadly convexly rounded to a blunt point at apex. Length 6 mm nigra Antennal furrows broad and distinct, not interrupted at mid- dle by a fine transverse furrow; body black, with labrum, mandibles for the most part, front legs, more or less infus- cated at base and apex, and middle legs beyond apices of femora, rufous; cerci hardly projecting; saw-guides large and obliquely rounded to a point at apex; wings infus- cated. Length 7 mm scelesta °N. martini MacGillivray. CN. nigra (Harrington). Phymatocera nigra Harrington. °N. scelesta MacGillivray. Neotomostethus MacGillivray. CN. hyalinus MacGillivray. Body black, with the tegulae and the legs below the knees, except the apices of the posterior tibiae and tarsi, white; median fovea broad and rounded ; antennal furrow wanting on the front ; wings hyaline. Length 6 mm. Rhadinoceraea Konow. °R. similata MacGillivray. Body black ; wings strongly inf uscated ; the postocellar area elevated ; ocellar basin distinct ; saw-guides rounded at apex to a blunt point above. Length 8 mm. Hypargyricus MacGillivray. °H. infuscatus MacGillivray. Postocellar area strongly elevated ; saw-guides straight on upper and lower margins and rounded to a blunt point at middle No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. I45 of apex; body black; front femora and tibise more or less white in front, suffused with black ; wings infuscated. Length 8 mm. *H. fumipennis (Norton). Selandria (Phymatocera) fumi- pennis Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 13. Postocellar area hardly elevated above the posterior orbits; saw-guides straight above and convex below, rounded to a blunt point at apex above ; body black ; front femora and tibise more or less white in front, suffused with black ; wings infus- cated. Length 8 mm. Larva feeds on Smilacina racemosa. Farmington (E. N.) ; Hamden, 24 July, 1910 (B. H. W.). Isodyctium Ashmead Key to Species. 1. Head wholly or in part pale 2 Head wholly black 3 2. Body wholly yellow or rufous, with eyes and antennae be- yond first segment, black ; wings, including veins and stigma, yellowish hyaline; postocellar area completely cir- cumscribed; saw-guides concave above and below, pro- longed into a narrow truncated projection above at apex. Length 6-7 mm dilutum Body black, with orbits connected across postocellar area, antennal foveae, first segment of antennae in part, supra- clypeal area in part, clypeus, spot on mandibles, most of prothorax, tegulae, median lobe of mesonotum with its lateral margins, a spot on scutellum, pleurae in part, legs, and abdomen in great part, pale luteous; wings hyaline. Length 6 mm rileyi 3. Ocellar basin subobsolete; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, tegulae, prothorax, legs, and abdomen beyond basal plates, except a broad fuscous band through the middle of the dorsum, luteous ; pleurae, broad bands on lobes of meso- notum, and scutellum, rufous; saw-guides concave above, convex below, and prolonged above into a marked spine- like projection at apex; wings hyaline. Length 7 mm. . .caryicola Ocellar basin small, but distinct 4 4. Clypeus scarcely emarginate; body black, with a spot on supraclypeal area, clypeus, broad bands on lobes of meso- notum, pleurae, legs, and abdomen, except blackish bands of varying extent on each of the segments, rufous; wings hyaline. Length 6.5 mm infrequens Clypeus distinctly, angularly emarginate 5 5. Pleurae in great part black; body black, with clypeus, labrum, spot on mandibles, collar narrowly, tegulae, a narrow line 10 I46 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. on posterior margin of mesopleurae, a line on the posterior margin of the abdominal segments, broadest on the venter, and the legs, brownish white; a band on posterior margin of each lobe of mesonotum, the scutellum, and the median tergal ab- dominal segments more or less, rufous; saw-guides con- cave above, and convex below, broadly rounded at apex to a point above; wings hyaline. Length 6 mm atratum Pleurae rufous; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles in great part, collar broadly, tegulae, legs, and abdomen beyond basal plates in great part, luteous, sometimes suf- fused with rufous; lobes of mesonotum except a black spot on center of each, scutellum, and pleurae, rufous; saw-guides slightly concave above, and convexly rounded from the base to a point at apex above; wings hyaline. Length 6 mm murtfeldtiae °I. dilutum (Cresson). Monophadnus dilutus Cresson. Larva feeds on Quercus alba and Quercus prinus. °I. rileyi (Cresson). Selandria rileyi Cresson. Monophadnus rileyi Cresson. °L caryicola Dyar. Larva feeds on pig-nut hickory. °L infrequens Dyar. Larva feeds on Quercus alba. I. atratum MacGillivray. Southington, 27 April, 191 1 (W. E. B.). °L murtfeldtiae Dyar. Larva feeds on black oak. Periclista Konow. Key to Species. 1. Pleurae more or less rufous 2 Pleurae wholly black 4 2. Fourth segment of antennae distinctly longer than fifth; front finely punctate 3 Fourth segment of antennae equal to fifth; front finely stri- ated ; saw-guides with their upper margins straight, their lower margins convex at base, concave and constricted into a blunt point at apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, . collar broadly, tegulae, legs, metapleurae, venter of abdo- men, and greater part of tergum except a band at center, luteous or white; pleurse, a broad band on apex of each lobe of mesonotum, and scutellum, rufous; wings hyaline. Length 7 mm purpuridorsum 3. Ocellar basin uniformly concave; ocellar furrow distinct; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar broadly, tegulae, No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 147 legs, upper half of pleurae, mesonotum except black spot at middle, metanotum, scutellum, and abdomen, fulvous; mesonotum and mesopleurae tending to rufous; wings hya- line. Length 7 mm marginicollis Ocellar basin flat and distinct; ocellar furrow wanting; saw- guides with their upper margins slightly concave above, and with the lower margins convex, and drawn out to a sharp point above at apex; body black, with clypeus, labrum, collar broadly, tegulae, legs beyond coxae, and abdomen at sides above and for the most part beneath, luteous shading to brownish; median lobe of mesonotum for the most part, and pleurae, brown ; wings hyaline. Length 5 mm confusa 4. Clypeus, if emarginate, not angularly emarginate 5 Clypeus angularly emarginate; body black, with labrum, col- lar narrowly, tegulae, legs, and tergum of abdomen for the most part, white, more or less suffused with rufous and fuscous; wings hyaline. Length 7 mm emarginata 5. Legs with femora more or less black 6 Legs wholly pale beyond coxae; body black, with collar narrowly, tegulae, and legs beyond knees, luteous; femora rufous; ocellar basin distinct; postocellar area twice as broad as long; wings hyaline. Length 6 mm media 6. Interocellar furrow not extending onto postocellar area ; body black, with collar narrowly, and tegulae, white; knees and tibiae luteous; tarsi fuscous; wings hyaline. Length 5.5 mm chionanthi Interocellar furrow extending onto postocellar area; body black, with collar narrowly, and tegulae, white ; legs beyond middle of femora, brown; tarsi more or less dusky; wings hyaline. Length 5.5 mm subtruncata °P. purpuridorsum Dyar. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 10. Larva feeds on Quercus alba. °P. marginicollis (Norton). Selandria marginicollis Norton. Monophadnus marginicollis Norton. °P. confusa MacGillivray. Larva feeds on Quercus obtusi- loba. °P. emarginata MacGillivray. Mogerus emarginatus MacGil- livray. Larva feeds on Quercus coccinea. °P. media (Norton). Selandria media Norton. Monophadnus media Norton. Larva feeds on Quercus alba. °P. chionanthi Dyar. Larva feeds on Chionanthus. °P. subtruncata Dyar. Larva feeds on Quercus coccinea. I48 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Tomostethus Konow. Key to Species. 1. Mesonotum and pleurae rufous 2 Mesonotum and pleurae black; body black, with labrum, a fine line on collar, tegulae, front legs below middle of fem- ora, and middle and hind legs beyond knees, white; saw- guides concave above, and broadly convex below, obliquely truucately rounded to a point at apex above; wings hya- line. Length 6 mm , nortoni 2. Front with large tranverse lateral foveae; body in female black, with prothorax, mesonotum, mesopleurae, scutellum, and meta- notum, rufous ; wings infuscated ; saw-guides broadly obliquely rounded at apex; male sometimes has the entire mesonotum black. Length 5-8 mm bardus Front not with large transverse lateral fovse; body black, with prothorax, upper half of mesopleurae, lobes of meso- notum, front legs below knees, and knees of middle and hind pair, luteous or rufous; head with a depressed, rough- ened, shield-shaped area below and including the median ocellus; wings hyaline; saw-guides obliquely pointed to apex above. Length 7 mm inhabilis °T. nortonii MacGillivray. T. bardus (Say). Allantus bardus Say. Selandria bar da Say. Monophadnus bardus Say. PI. i, Fig. 4. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Figs. 13 and 15. Larva feeds on ash. New- Haven, 1904 (B. H. W.). T. inhabilis (Norton). Selandria inhabilis Harris. Blenno- campa inhabilis Norton. Larva feeds on pear. New Haven, 15 May, 1905, Milldale, 21 May, 1906, Yalesville, 26 May, 1908 (B. H. W.) ; Watertown, 26 May, 191 1 (W. E. B.) ; Orange, 21 May, 1911 (A. B. C). Monophadnus Hartig. Key to Species. 1. Antennal furrow interrupted on middle of front 2 Antennal furrow continuous and distinct from clypeus to occiput; body black, with labrum, teguke, and legs below knees, white; scutellum coarsely punctate behind at sides; scutellar appendage flat and impunctate; ocellar basin dis- tinct. Length 7 mm distinctus 2. Front with deep, broad lateral foveae, not connected with antennal foveae; body black, with tegulae, corners of pro- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. I49 thorax somewhat, and legs below knees, white; scutellum with a few scattered coarse punctures behind; scutellar appendage flat and impunctate; median fovea continuous with ocellar basin. Length 5 mm minutus Front not with a large puncture on each side, sometimes with end of antennal furrow enlarged and punctiform 3 3. Mesonotum with median lobe more densely punctate than lateral lobes; body black, with tegulae and legs below knees white ; saw-guides straight above and below, and obliquely rounded to a blunt point at apex above; apex of scutellum finely densely punctate ; scutellar appendage flat and punctate. Length 6 mm tiliae Mesonotum with the median lobe, if punctate, uniformly punc- tate with the lateral lobes 4 4. Scutellar appendage flat and not carinate at middle 5 Scutellar appendage longitudinally carinate at middle 6 5. Area in front of median ocellus smooth; body black, with legs below trochanters more or less whitish, sometimes strongly infuscated; wings infuscated; head and thorax impunctate; saw-guides with sides straight and obliquely rounded at apex. Length 6 mm nubilipennis Area in front of median ocellus always more or less rough- ened; body black, with tegulae and legs below knees, white; wings slightly infuscated; scutellum coarsely punctate at sides behind; saw-guides obliquely rounded to a blunt point at apex. Length 6 mm bipunctatus 6. Scutellum and metathorax uniformly densely punctate; body black, with tegulae, pronotum for the most part, front legs beyond bases of femora, and middle and hind legs beyond knees, white; front finely punctate; ocellar basin fairly distinct; saw-guides oblique at apex and pointed. Length 5.5 mm aequalis Scutellum more densely punctate than metathorax 7 7. Head with V-shaped furrow behind the median ocellus distinct; body black, with tegulae, margin of pronotum more or less, and legs beyond knees, white; wings yellowish hyaline; saw-guides with two edges parallel and obliquely trun- cate at apex. Length 6.5 mm plicatus Head with V-shaped furrow behind the median ocellus indefinite, almost obliterated; body black, with labrum, tegulae, pro- notum entirely, legs beyond knees, and a narrow margin at apex of each tergal and ventral segment, white ; wings yellowish hyaline; saw-guides with two sides parallel, squarely truncated at apex, with lower corner rounded. Length 6 mm transversus I50 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °M. distinctus MacGillivray. °M. minutus MacGillivray. *M. tiliae Norton. Selandria Mice Norton. Larva feeds on linden. Farmington (E. N.). °M. nubilipennis Norton. Selandria nubilipennis Norton. M. bipunctatus MacGillivray. Stonington, 16 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). °M. aequalis MacGillivray. °M. plicatus MacGillivay. °M. transversus MacGillivray. Paracharactus MacGillivray. *P. rudis (Norton). Selandria rudis Norton. Phymatocera rudis Norton. Mesonotum wholly rufous; body black, with the labrum white, and the prothorax, mesonotum, and the metanotum in part, rufous ; front legs below the knees, and the knees of the middle pair, white, more or less infuscated; ocellar basin dis- tinct ; median fovea broader than long. Length 6 mm. Connecticut (E. N.). °P. obscuratus MacGillivray. Mesonotum black, except a small infuscated spot near the bases of the wings ; body black, with the tip of the clypeus, the labrum, the supraclypeal area, the angles of the prothorax, the posterior third of the mesopleurse, and the front and middle legs below the knees, yellow or rufous; ocellar basin indistinct. Length 5 mm. Phymatocera Dahlbom. P. rufula Norton. Selandria rufula Norton. Body black, with the clypeus, labrum, and mandibles, rufous, shading onto the front adjacent to the antennal sockets and the proximal segments of the antennae; tip of the anterior femora longer beneath, rufous shaded with fuscous ; head pol- ished; the antennal fovese wanting below the lateral ocelli, replaced by a sharp ridge extending to the antennal sockets ; the antennal sockets deeply and broadly notched above; the area between the ridges concave, polished around the median ocel- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 151 lus, angularly interrupted between the antennal sockets; the supraclypeal area depressed; antennae with the third, fourth and fifth segments subequal; the saw-guides concave above, and broadly convexly rounded below and at apex to a point above. Length 5.5 mm. New Haven, 28 July, 191 1 (A. B. C.) ; Farmington (E. N.). Monophadnoides Ashmead. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen with dorsal surface rufous 2 Abdomen with dorsal surface black 4 2. Front with a depression around the median ocellus more or less distinct but not V-shaped; body black, with tegulae, cor- ners of pronotum, and legs beyond bases of femora, lute- ous; abdomen with greater part of tergal segments two to five rufous; front with lateral fovea; scutellum punctate at apex; saw-guides broad, straight above, broadly convex below, oblique at apex. Length 5.5 mm rubi Front with a V-shaped furrow behind the median ocellus 3 3. Front with a triradiate depression in front of the median ocellus ; antennae with third segment shorter than the fourth and fifth together; body black, with tegulae, pronotum, front legs beyond trochanters, and middle and hind legs beyond middle of femora, luteous; abdominal segments one to five, yellow- ish rufous; front with lateral fovea; saw-guides of moder- ate width, straight above and below, obliquely rounded to a point above at apex. Length 6.5 mm conspicuus Front with a deep, semicircular depression in front of the median ocellus; body black, with angles of pronotum, tegulae, and legs below knees, white; third segment of antennae shorter than fourth and fifth together; head smooth and polished; saw-guides straight above and below, obliquely convexly rounded at apex. Length 6 mm concessus 4. Front with lateral fovese 5 Front not with lateral fovae; if indicated, the puncture broad and shallow I0 5. Scutellum wholly smooth 6 Scutellum punctate or striate at apex 8 6. Antenna? with second segment broader than long 7 Antennae with second segment longer than broad; body black, with collar narrowly, tegulae, and legs below knees, white; pentagonal area wanting; saw-guides straight above, con- vex below, and obliquely, emarginately truncated at apex. Length 5 mm conspiculatus 152 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 7. Ocellar furrow narrow, deep, and distinct; body black, with angles of pronotum, tegulae, and legs below knees, white; pentagonal area flattened, walls flat and practically want- ing; third segment of antennae not as long as fourth and fifth together; saw-guides straight above, convex below, broadly obliquely rounded to a blunt point above at apex. Length 6 mm consobrinus Ocellar furrow broad, shallow, and indistinct; body black, with tegulae, and legs beyond knees, white, except that the tips of the tibiae and the tarsi are more or less infuscated; pentagonal area wholly wanting; third segment of antennae as long as fourth and fifth together; saw-guides convex above and below, obliquely truncated to a point above at apex. Length 5 mm cordatus 8. Scutellum punctate at apex; front without a V-shaped furrow behind median ocellus; body black, with collar narrowly, tegulae, and legs below knees, white; third segment of antennae subequal in length to fourth and fifth together; pentagonal area wanting; saw-guides straight above and below, obliquely rounded to a blunt point at apex above. Length 6 mm , crassus Scutellum striate at apex ...:.. 9 9. Front with a V-shapcd furrow behind median ocellus; body black, with angles of pronotum, tegulae, trochanters, and legs beyond knees, white; third segment of antennae sub- equal in length to fourth and fifth together; pentagonal area wanting; saw-guides broad, straight above, strongly convexly rounded below to apex above. Length 5 mm conspersus Front without a V-shaped furrow behind anterior ocellus; body black, with angles of pronotum, tegulae, and legs below knees, white; third segment of antennae shorter than fourth and fifth together; pentagonal area wanting; saw- guides straight above and below, oblique at apex, drawn out into a long point above. Length 6 mm costatus 10. Scutellum smooth, or at most extremely finely rugose ; body black, with angles of pronotum narrowly, tegulae, and legs beyond knees, white ; antennae with third segment distinctly shorter than fourth and fifth together; pentagonal area and V-shaped furrow behind median ocellus wanting. Length 6 mm coracinus Scutellum distinctly punctate at sides; body black, with angles of pronotum broadly, tegulae, apices of coxae and trochan- ters more or less, and legs beyond knees, white; antennae with third segment shorter than fourth and fifth together; pentagonal area indistinctly impressed; V-shaped furrow behind median ocellus distinct; saw-guides broad, convex No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 1 53 above and below, broadly obliquely rounded to a blunt point at apex above. Length 6 mm collaris °M. conspicuus MacGillivray. *M. rubi (Harris). Selandria (Hoplocampa) rubi Harris Monophadnus rubi Harris. Raspberry Saw-fly. Larva feeds on Rubus. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Branford, 8 May, 1905 (H. W, W.). °M. concessus MacGillivray. °M. conspiculatus MacGillivray. M. consobrinus MacGillivray. New Haven, 28 April, 1905 (A. B. Recknagel), 30 May, 1910 (W. E. B.). °M. cordatus MacGillivray. CM. crassus MacGillivray. °M. conspersus MacGillivray. °M. costatus MacGillivray. M. coracinus MacGillivray. New Haven. 22 June, 1907 (B. H. W.). M. collaris MacGillivray. Stonington, 13 June, 1907 (B. H. W.). Aphanisus MacGillivray. Key to Species. 1. Front with a distinct pentagonal area 2 Front with pentagonal area entirely wanting 3 2. Pentagonal area with its lateral walls sharp and distinct; front smooth and polished; body black, with pronotum, tegulae, legs, and a fine margin on apex of abdominal seg- ments, white or luteous; wings somewhat infuscated; scutellum impunctate at sides; front without lateral foveae; saw-guides broad, straight above, broadly convexly rounded from the base to a hooked point above. Length 5 mrn lobatus Pentagonal area with its lateral walls low and indistinct; front finely rugose; body black, with collar, tegulae, and legs below knees, white ; femora more or less piceous ; wings hyaline ; scutellum punctate at sides; front without lateral foveae; saw- guides straight above, convexly rounded below to a blunt point above. Length 5 mm muricatus 3. Front with a V-shaped furrow behind median ocellus; body black, with collar, tegulae, and legs below knees, white; 154 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. wings hyaline; scutellum punctate at sides; front with lateral foveas connected with antennal foveas; saw-guides straight above, convex below, and obliquely rounded to a point above. Length 5 mm odoratus Front without a V-shaped furrow behind median ocellus; body black, with collar, tegulae, and legs beyond middle of femora, white; wings hyaline; scutellum roughened at sides; front with lateral foveae not connected with antennal foveae; saw-guides straight above and convexly rounded from the base to a blunt point above. Length 6 mm nigritus o 3A. lobatus MacGillivray. °A. muricatus MacGillivray. A. odoratus MacGillivray. New Haven, 15 May, 1905 (B. H. W.). °A. nigritus MacGillivray. Blennocampa Hartig. Key to Species. 1. Antennae with third segment shorter than fourth and fifth together 2 Antennae with third segment as long as or longer than fourth and fifth together 3 2. Antennae with third segment a little longer than fourth; wings fuliginous; body black, with trochanters, front legs . in front, and knees and tarsi more or less, pale luteous; tegulae brown. Length 6 mm carbonaria Antennae with third segment one and one-half times as long as fourth; wings hyaline; body black, with legs beyond knees shading from piceous to luteous; tegulae in part, white; head and thorax finely pubescent. Length 6.5 mm. spiraeae 3. Front with a V-shaped furrow behind the median ocellus 4 Front without a V-shaped furrow; pentagonal area entirely wanting; body black, with tegulae and legs below knees, white; tibiae more or less infuscated; clypeus angularly emarginate. Length 5.5 mm abnorma 4. Scutellum punctate or striate, at least in part 6 Scutellum smooth, not punctate or striate 5 5. Median fovea with a rounded papilla at center; hind wings with the cell RJ+2 rounded at apex, without a spur; body black, with tegulae and legs below knees luteous; front tibiae and tarsi more or less infuscated; saw-guides convex above and below and convexly truncated at apex. Length 6 mm. antennata No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 1 55 Median fovea flat, without a papilla at center, somewhat X- shaped; hind wings with cell Ri+2 angulated at apex below, with a spur; body black, with tegulae and legs below knees, except apices of tibiae and greater part of tarsi, white; saw-guides strongly convex above and below and rounded to a point at apex. Length 6 mm aperta 6. Scutellum punctate at sides y Scutellum finely striate at sides; body black, with tegulae and legs below knees, except apices of tibiae and tarsi, white; median fovea an elongate furrow; saw-guides broad, straight above, convex below, obliquely truncated at apex. Length 6 mm angulata 7. Median fovea with a large rounded papilla at center; body black, with tegulae, and legs, except tips of middle and pos- terior tibiae and tarsi, white; hind wings with cell Ri+2 angular below at apex, without a spur; saw-guides straight above, and convexly obliquely rounded from base to apex below. Length 6 mm adusta Median fovea flat, without a papilla at center ; body black, with tegulae and legs below knees luteous; hind wings with cell R1+2 rounded at apex, without a spur; saw-guides broad, straight above and below, broadly convexly and somewhat obliquely rounded at apex. Length 6 mm acuminata °B. carbonaria (Cresson). Selandria carbonaria Cresson. °B. spiraea? Dyar. Larva feeds on Spircca salicifolia. B. abnorma MacGillivray. B. antennata MacGillivray. B. aperta MacGillivray. B. angulata MacGillivray. B. adusta MacGillivray. B. acuminata MacGillivray. Erythraspides Ashmead. Key to Species. I. Mesonotum rufous 2 Mesonotum shining black; body black, with apices of coxa?, trochanters, and legs beyond knees, white; posterior tibiae infuscated; pentagonal area and V-shaped furrow wanting; front without lateral foveae; saw-guides straight above and below, broadly convexly rounded to a blunt apex ; wings in female infuscated; male with wings clearer at apex. Length 5.5 mm parvus I56 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull, 2. Lateral fovese broken by antennal fovese; body black, with prothorax, mesothorax, and scutellum except at apex, rufous; clypeus and legs for the most part, white; coxae and tarsi somewhat infuscated; wings somewhat infus- cated. Length 6 mm caryae Lateral fovese not broken by antennal fovese; body black, with tip of clypeus, front and middle legs beyond coxae, hind coxae, and hind femora beneath, white; pronotum, mesonotum, and tegulse, rufous; pentagonal area and V- t shaped furrow wanting; front with a pit-like puncture on each side ; saw-guides retracted. Length 7 mm pygmeeus °E. parvus (Cresson). Blennocampa parva Cresson. Larva feeds on Fuchsia. *E. caryae (Norton). Monophadnus carycc Norton. Selandria carycc Norton. Larva feeds on hickory. Farmington (E. N.). E. pygmaeus (Say). Blennocampa pygmcca Say. Selandria vitis Harris. Larva feeds on Vitis. Connecticut (E. N.). Fenusin^e. Key to Genera. 1. Hind wings with second anal vein wanting, so that the first anal cell is open; base of third anal vein in front wings represented by a dark band 3 Hind wings with second anal vein present, so that the first anal cell is closed; "base of third anal vein in front wings entirely wanting # 2 2. Front wings with the radio-medial cross- vein present Profenusa p. 156 Front wings with the radio-medial cross-vein wanting ..Messa p. 157 3. Radial cross-vein ending in cell R4 a considerable distance before free part of R« Kaliofenusa p. 157 Radial cross-vein ending in cell Rs a considerable distance beyond free part of R4 Fenusa p. 157 Profenusa MacGillivray. P. collaris MacGillivray. Body in female black, with clypeus, labrum, malar space, mandibles, first segment of antennae, tegulae, a narrow margin to the pronotum, and legs for the most part, whitish ; protho- rax except parts named, cephalic part of mesopleurae, and pec- tus, rufous; median fovea minute but distinct; vertical furrows No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. I57 not reaching the occiput; clypeus truncate; saw-guides with dorsal and ventral margins converging, the apex bluntly- pointed. Male differs in having rufous part of thorax inclined to whitish and extending over entire pleurae, venter of abdo- men, and a broad band on lateral part of dorsal aspect, broader behind, sometimes fused on meson, whitish. Length 3 to 4 mm. Larva mines leaves of Crat&gus and Prunus. Messa Leach. °M. ambigua (Norton). Fenusa ambigua Norton. Black, with the two basal segments of the antennae, the pro- thorax entirely, the tegulae, the legs entirely, the abdomen for the most part (sometimes infuscated at apex), white; antennae with the second segment elongate, the first and second together subequal to the third in length, the third longer than the fourth ; wings hyaline, hairy, the veins and stigma brown- ish ; saw-guides straight above, rounded below and at apex to a point above. Length 3.5 mm. Kaliofenusa MacGillivray. °K. ulmi (Sundewall). Kaliosysphinga ulmi Sundewall. Black, except legs beyond the knees, which are brownish ; hypoclypeal area convex, abrupt in front ; clypeal furrow prom- inent, not interrupted by the clypeal area ; front elevated, with a broad, shallow median fovea, as broad as the area between the antennae; antennal furrows extending from the tentorial invaginations almost to the occiput, deep and narrow as far as the anterior ocellus, separated from the occiput by a narrow wall; wings almost hyaline, infuscated along the veins. Length 3.5 mm. Larva mines leaves of the European and American elms. Fenusa Leach. °F. dohrnii (Tischbein). Kaliosysphinga dohrnii Tischbein. Black, except legs beyond the knees, which are fuscous ; bead without a distinct furrow between the ocellar and posto- cellar areas; antennal furrow not expanded into a large pit opposite the middle of the front, and with two distinct tooth- like indentations on the median side; saw-guides with the I58 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST SURVEY. [Bull. dorsal margin convex and obliquely rounded at apex, bluntly and roundly pointed above; third segment of the antennse as long as the fourth and fifth together, the fourth and fifth sub- equal, the second broader than the fourth- Length 3 mm. Larva mines the leaves of the European alder. SCOLIONEURIN^E. Key to Genera. 1. Antennse with second segment annular, broader than long; first and second segments together shorter than third.... 2 Antenna; with second segment distinctly longer than broad; first and second segments together as long as or longer than third Melanobates p. 158 2. Eyes with their inner margins straight and parallel, not con- verging below ; front distinctly wider than high Polybates p. 158 Eyes with their inner margins uniformly convex and con- verging below; front not as wide as high Metallus p. 159 Melanobates MacGillivray. M. leucostomus Rohwer. Body black, with the clypeus, labrum, basal half of the mandi- bles, angles of the pronotum, and tegulae, white ; legs below the knees brownish white; front around the base of the antennse in- distinctly punctate ; median fovea large, circular, and not sharply defined ; antennal furrows punctiform above the ocelli ; third antennal segment longer than the fourth ; the stigma rounded on the radial margin, broadest at the middle. Length 3 mm. Polybates MacGillivray. P. slossonae MacGillivray. Lateral fovese united with the antennal foveas; vertical fur- rows punctiform ; ocellar furrow distinct, broadly concave behind ; ocellar basin strongly convex, slightly depressed in front of the median ocellus; median fovea deep, punctiform; an- tennse slender, the first and second segments together less than half the length of the third ; wings hyaline, the veins, costa, and stigma brown ; stigma over twice as long as wide, its hind margin uniformly convexly rounded ; saw-guides straight above and below, converging to a bluntly rounded point at apex ; body black, with all the legs entirely white. Length 3 mm. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 1 59 P. secundus Rohwer. Lateral fovese distinctly separated from the antennal foveae; ocellar furrow straight ; median fovea small, circular, and well defined ; postocellar area broader at the occiput ; antennae with the first segment slightly shorter than the second, the second and third equal; saw-guides like those of the preceding species; stig- ma about twice as long as its greatest width, broader and some- what angled at base; body black, with the abdomen piceous and all the legs pale yellow ; wings dusky, the veins dark brown. Length 3 mm. Metallus Forbes. « Key to Species. 1. Stigma three times as long as broad; front not punctate around base of antennae; body shining black, with median and lateral lobes of mesonotum rufous; labrum, clypeus, mandibles, antennae, angles of pronotum, tegulae, anterior and middle legs below bases of coxae, and trochanters, tibiae, and tarsi of hind legs, orange white ; antennae with third seg- ment not as long as fourth and fifth together; saw-guides narrow, upper margins straight, apex rounded, curved from upper apex to lower base. Length 4 mm canadensis Stigma twice as long as broad; front not punctate around base of antennae 2 2. Front wings with free part of M4+Cui joining cell M4 dis- tinctly beyond the middle ; body reddish yellow, with legs pallid, and head, antennae beyond second segment, meso- pleurae, pectus, and apex of abdomen, piceous; head with an indistinct transverse carina between antennae; third an- tennal segment longer than fourth and not as long as fourth and fifth together; saw-guides straight above, ob- liquely truncate, and rounded below. Length 3.5 mm capitalis Front wings with free part of M4+Cui joining cell M4 at middle 3 3. Mesonotum and scutellum rufous; body black, with the two basal segments of antennae, middle and lateral lobes of meso- notum, scutellum, its appendage, and postscutellum, rufous; legs with trochanters, knees, front and middle tibiae and tarsi, posterior tibiae (more or less infuscated towards apex), and posterior tarsi, yellowish white ; saw-guides straight above, convex below, obliquely truncated at apex, rounded at angle below, and sharply pointed at upper apical angle. Length 4.5 mm rohweri Mesonotum and scutellum black 4 l6o CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 4. Ocellar furrow distant from median ocellus, connected with it by a distinct interocellar furrow; depressed area around median ocellus small with precipitous walls, forming a well marked V; median fovea a broad, deep pit, subequal to lateral fovea; body polished, with sparse setigerous punctures, and black, with apices of coxae, trochanters, knees, tibiae, and tarsi, white ; front femora sometimes only inf us- cated at apex; saw-guides straight above, oblique at apex, convex below, and rounded to a point at apex above. Length 4 mm rubi Ocellar furrow adjacent to median ocellus, interocellar fur- row therefore wanting; depressed area behind median ocel- lus broad; median fovea a broad, deep pit, larger than lateral fovea; lateral fovea distinct from antennal fovea; body polished, with sparse setigerous punctures; saw- guides straight above, somewhat oblique below, broadly obliquely rounded to a point at apex above. Length 4 mm. bethunei °M. canadensis Marlatt. °M. capitalis Norton. °M. rohweri MacGillivray. M. rubi Forbes. Larva a leaf miner in blackberry and dewberry. New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). °M. bethunei MacGillivray. Larva a leaf miner in black- berry. HYLOTOMINyE. Key to Genera. Front wings with cell R1+2 not appendiculate at apex; cells R and R5 coalesced Atomacera p. 160 Front wings with cell Ri+2 not appendiculate at apex; cells R and R5 separate Hylotoma p. 161 Atomacera Say. Key to Species. 1. Body black and rufous 2 Body black; wings strongly infuscated; front legs white or piceous beyond knees; head and body polished. Length 4 mm. Without much doubt the male of the following species debilis 2. Body black, with pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum, and upper part of pleurae, rufous; wings strongly infuscated; legs paler beyond knees, front pair usually white; mesonotum sparingly punctate. Length 4 mm ruficollis No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. l6l Body black, with abdomen rufous; clypeus, labrum, and palpi, whitish; wings strongly infuscated; legs whitish, ante- rior tibiae darker. Length 6 mm cellularis A. debilis Say. Poquonock, 2.7 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). A. ruficollis Norton. Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V., B. H. W.). °A. cellularis Say. Larva feeds on sweet potato. Hylotoma Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Head, thorax, and abdomen wholly black or blue-black 2 Head, thorax, and abdomen not wholly black 4 2. Tibiae black; wings strongly infuscated, clearer at tip, a darker spot below stigma. Length 8 mm ccerulea Tibise in great part white 3 3. Legs white below knees, except apices of middle and poste- rior tibise and apices of each of their tarsal segments; body entirely black, except parts named; wings strongly infuscated, paler at apex. Length 6 mm. (male) . . . . dulciaria Legs wholly pale below knees; body black or blue-black, with palpi and legs beyond knees white, tip of posterior tibiae and their tarsi sometimes somewhat infuscated; wings smoky or hyaline, with a dark spot below the stigma. Length 1 1 mm macleayi 4. Head wholly black 5 Head wholly or in great part pale 13 5. Thorax wholly black 6 Thorax wholly or in part pale 8 6. Legs black; abdomen beyond basal plates yellow or reddish yellow; palpi and front tibiae infuscated. Length 8 mm. abdominalis Legs wholly or in part pale 7 7- Antennae usually with apical segments yellow; abdomen usu- ally beyond the basal plates, and legs beyond the knees, yellow; wings and veins yellowish hyaline, with stigma and a spot below it infuscated; remainder of body shining black. Length 10 mm clavicomis Antennae with apical segment black; abdomen with basal plates and first six abdominal segments yellow; basal half of tibiae white, shading to fuscous at apex; wings varying from infuscated to yellowish hyaline; stigma and an angular spot beneath it infuscated; remain- der of body black. Length 10 mm virescens 11 l62 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 8. Abdomen black; body in female, except pronotum, meso- notum, scutellum usually, and mesopleurse frequently, glossy black; the wings strongly infuscated, especially towards the base; male differs usually in having the pro- thorax yellow and the legs beyond the knees white. Length 8-10 mm scapularis Abdomen wholly or in part pale 9 9. Mesonotum wholly or in part black 10 Mesonotum wholly pale 12 10. Mesonotum wholly black; body black, with scutellum usu- ally, mesopleurse, sometimes extending onto pronotum, and abdomen except at extreme apex, red or yellow-red; wings strongly infuscated, lighter toward apex. Length 12 mm humeralis Mesonotum rufous, with black markings 11 11. Mesonotum rufous, with a black spot on each lobe; body black, with mesonotum (except a black spot on each lobe), scutellum, mesopleurse, and abdomen, red; wings infus- cated. Length 10 mm " miniata Mesonotum rufous, with a black spot on each lateral lobe; body black, with mesonotum (except a black spot on each lateral lobe), metanotum, scutellum, mesopleurse, pro- notum in part, hind coxae at middle, and abdomen, red; wings infuscated, clearer toward the tip. Length 12 mm. sphinx 12. Ocellar basin with low, broadly rounded walls, not broken above median fovea; body yellow or luteous, with head and its appendages, prothorax in great part, tegulae, legs, pectus, and saw-guides, black; wings smoky. Length 10 mm pectoralis Ocellar basin with comparatively high, sharp walls, distinctly broken above median fovea; body yellow, with head and its appendages, prothorax in great part, tegulse, legs, pec- tus, and saw-guides, black; wings smoky. Length 8 mm. (female) dulciaria 13. Mesonotum wholly rufous; body rufous, with eyes, labrum, antennas, tegulse, spot at base of front wings, and legs, black; first pair of legs sometimes rufous; wings strongly infus- cated. Length to-12 mm rubiginosa Mesonotum more or less marked with black 14 14. Mesonotum black; body red, with antennae, legs, and a spot on mesonotum, black; wings infuscated, clearer at apex. coccinea Mesonotum rufous with a black spot covering the three lobes of mesonotum and scutellum in part; body rufous, with apices of mandibles, eyes, antennae, palpi, a spot on meso- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 163 notum, tegulae, and legs, black; wings infuscated. Length 14 mm rubra °H. coerulea Norton. Howard, Insect Book, PL xiv, Fig. 7. Larva feeds on white birch. H. dulciaria Say. Connecticut (E. N.). H. macleayi Leach. Howard, Insect Book, PL xiii, Fig. 21. Larva feeds on Chinese honeysuckle, wild cherry, white and black birch, mountain ash, willow, strawberry, and Amelanchier. Con- necticut (E. N.) ; New Haven, 27 May, 1906, 4 August, 1905; Colebrook, 20 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). H. abdominalis Leach. Larva feeds on willow. Orange, 21 June, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Westville, 2 June, 1908 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 30 May, 191 1 (A. B. C), 31 July, 18 August, 1910 (B. II. W.). H. clavicornis (Fabricius). Howard, Insect Book, PL xiv, Fig. 12. Larva feeds on willow. Connecticut (E. N.). °H. virescens King. Larva feeds on Betula, Salix, and Pyrus. H. scapularis Klug. Howard, Insect Book, PL xii, Fig. 20. Larva feeds on white birch and elm. New Haven (B. H. W.) ; Mt. Carmel, 24 June, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; Yalesville, 26 May, 1908 (B. H. W.). H. humeralis Beauvois. Howard, Insect Book, PL xiii, Fig. 9. Larva feeds on poison ivy. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Branford, 26 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Southington, 12 July, 1910 (W. E. B.)." °H. miniata Klug. Howard, Insect Book, PL xiv, Fig. 17. °H. sphinx Kirby. °H. pectoralis Leach. Howard, Insect Book, PL xiii, Fig. 14. Larva feeds on birch. H. rubiginosa Beauvois. New Haven, 30 July, 1905, 8 August, 1907 (B. H. W.) ; Lyme, 3 July, 1910 (A. B. C). °H. coccinea Fabricius. H. rubra Klug. Howard, Insect Book, PL xiii, Fig. 19. Stonington, 26 August, 1906 (J. A. Hyslop). 164 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. SCHIZOCERIN^E. Schizocerus LePeletier. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen wholly or for the most part yellow or rufous 2 Abdomen wholly black or with a lateral yellow or rufous band 3 2. Prothorax black; body black, with supraclypeal area, clypeus, labrum, middle and hind coxae and trochanters, front tibiae and basal segments of tarsi, metanotum and basal plates sometimes, and abdomen, except apices of saw- guides sometimes, yellow; wings infuscated. Length 8 mm privatus Prothorax wholly or in great part rufous; body in female rufous, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, antennae, square area about ocelli, lower orbits, two spots on pectus, legs except front tibiae and their tarsi in front, basal plates, and saw-guides, black; wings infuscated. Male has body black, with prothorax in great part, tegulae, knees of all legs, front and middle tibiae, and abdomen except at apex, yellow or rufous; wings smoky, clearer at apex. Length 7-8 mm plumiger 3. Collar more or less pale 4 Collar entirely black; body wholly black, with legs below knees, pale, usually more or less infuscated; antennae elongate, and more or less infuscated; wings smoky. Length 7 mm ebenus 4. Tegulae and collar narrowly margined with white; body black, with collar, tegulae, legs below knees, and a broad margin on apex of each abdominal tergite, white, more or less suffused with rufous; head and thorax metallic black, and densely covered with fine, white setae; wings hyaline, veins brownish. Length 7 mm sericeus Tegulae and collar broadly yellow; body black, with pro- thorax, tegulae, mesonotum more or less on each side, front and middle legs below the knees, tip of posterior femora, base of their tibiae more or less, and a band along lateral margins of abdomen more or less, yellow; wings hyaline, veins and stigma black or brown. Length 6-7 mm zabriskiei S. privatus Norton. Stonington, 9 August, 1906 (J. A. Hyslop). °S. plumiger (Klug). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Figs. 1 and 6. °S. ebenus Norton. Larva feeds on sweet potato. °S. sericeus Norton. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 165 S. zabriskiei Ashmead. Howard, Insect Book, PL xii, Fig. 12. Larva feeds on purslane. Westville, 20 June, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 26 June, 1905, 3, 8 September, 1910, 6 August, 191 1 (W. E. B., Ii. L. V., B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 24 July, 1910 (B. H. W.) ; Branford, 30 June, 1911 (W. E. B.). ACORDULECERIN.E. Acordulecera Say. Key to Species. 1. Pronotum entirely white or luteous 2 Pronotum either wholly black or piceous, the collar a narrow, pale margin 7 2. Mesothorax luteous with black markings 3 Mesothorax black 6 3. Front impressed about median ocellus, producing a more or less distinct pentagonal area; median fovea triangular and distinct; head black, antennae fuscous; clypeus, labrum, mandibles, thorax except a spot on each lobe and apex of scutellum, legs, and abdomen, luteous; wings hyaline, costa, veins, and stigma luteous; saw-guides retracted. Length 5 mm media Front not impressed about median ocellus; median fovea wanting 4 4. Antennae wholly black 5 Antennas with the two basal segments white; clypeus, labrum, and mandibles, white, remainder of head black; remain- der of body luteous, except a black spot on each lobe of mesonotum and the scutellum; wings hyaline; third seg- ment of antennae but little longer than fourth; saw-guides retracted. Length 4-5 mm biclinia 5- Front with short, fine pubescence, so that head appears glossy black; pubescence of antennae black, antennae black; head black, with labrum, clypeus, and mandibles white; thorax, except scutellum and a spot on each lobe of meso- notum, legs and abdomen luteous; saw-guides exserted, and broadly, roundly truncated at apex; third segment of an- tennae about as long as the fourth and fifth together. Length 4 mm minima Front with long pubescence which conceals glossy black of head and gives it a hoary appearance; antennae black, with white hairs; head black, with labrum and mandibles white; prothorax luteous; mesonotum and scutellum black; pleurae and pectus piceous; legs and abdomen luteous; wings hyaline; saw-guides retracted; third segment of an- l66 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. tennae about as long as the fourth and fifth together. Length 5 mm maxima 6. Antennae pale; wings hyaline; body black, with clypeus, labrum, and mandibles, white; prothorax, legs, venter of abdomen and four basal segments of tergum, luteous; antennae densely hoary, pubescent; saw-guides retracted, teeth of saws rounded; antennae with third segment but little longer than fourth; front not impressed about me- dian ocellus; median fovea wanting. Length 4 mm dorsalis Antennae black; wings more or less infuscated; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, prothorax, legs, venter of abdomen, and four basal tergal segments at middle and sides, yellow or luteous; head hoary with pubescence; saw-guides exserted, convex above and below, and broadly rounded at apex. Length 5 mm maura 7. Antennae wholly white & Antennae wholly black or fuscous 9 8. Front with a median furrow; median fovea wanting; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, antennae, tegulae, legs, basal half of venter, and a large triangular spot on middle of dorsum of abdomen at base, white or luteous; head covered with very fine, white pubescence, appearing bare when viewed from before; notum and pleurae with fine pubescence; saw-guides with two sides parallel and obliquely truncated to a point at apex above. Length 5 mm mellina Front without a median furrow; median fovea indicated by a minute pit; body black, with antennae, clypeus, labrum, mandibles, collar narrowly, tegulae, legs, and basal half of abdomen, greenish white or luteous; head and antennae covered with long, black pubescence; pubescence of notum short, sparse, and white; saw-guides broadly convexly rounded at apex. Length 4-5 mm mixta 9. Pronotum wholly black I0 Pronotum piceous, margined with luteous; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, pronotum, and dorsum of ab- domen, more or less piceous; tegulae, legs, and venter of abdomen, luteous; head and thorax densely covered with long pubescence; third segment of antennae about as long as fourth and fifth together; saw-guides broadly rounded at apex, with a distinct scopa. Length 5 mm munda 10. Antennae with third segment considerably longer than fourth 11 Antennae with third, fourth, and fifth segments subequal; body black, with clypeus, labrum, mandibles, tegulae, legs, and disk of abdomen at base, luteous; head and thorax covered with fine, white pubescence; cell R4 about as No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 167 broad as long; transverse part of M2 received near its mid- dle; wings infuscated; saw-guides broad, and broadly- rounded at apex. Length 3 mm minuta 11. Front wings with transverse part of M2 given off near mid- dle of cell R< 12 Front wings with transverse part of M2 given off nearer to vein R5 than to the middle of cell R4; body black, with clypeus, labrum, and mandibles, white, infuscated with piceous; legs, except tips of tarsi, and bases of wings, greenish white or luteous; head and thorax covered with fine, white pubescence; cell R4 distinctly longer than broad; wings usually more or less infuscated; saw-guides broadly rounded at apex. Length 4 mm saginata 12. Wings infuscated on basal half; front wings with cell R« about as broad as long; head dilated behind the eyes; body black, with clypeus and labrum more or less white; legs except more or less of the tarsi, and basal half of tergum of abdomen more or less, white; head and thorax covered with fine, white pubescence; saw-guides very broad and squarely truncated at apex. Length 4 mm maculata Wings wholly hyaline; front wings with cell R< much longer than broad; body black, with labrum, mandibles, legs, and bases of wings, white; head and thorax covered with short, white pubescence; head not dilated behind the eyes. Length 4 mm marina °A. media MacGillivray. °A. biclinia Konow. °A. minima MacGillivray. °A. maxima MacGillivray. Larva feeds on Quercus alba. A. dorsalis Say. Larva feeds on black oak. Connecticut (E.N.). A. maura MacGillivray. New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L.V.). °A. mellina MacGillivray. °A. mixta MacGillivray. °A. munda MacGillivray. °A. minuta MacGillivray. A. saginata Provancher. Yalesville, 17 June, 1907 (B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 14 June, 191 1 (W. E. B.). °A. maculata MacGillivray. °A. marina MacGillivrav. i68 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. XIPHYDRIID^.* Key to Genera. Radial and radio-medial cross-veins present Xiphydria p. 168 Radial cross-vein present, radio-medial wanting ..Konowia p. 169 Xiphydria Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen in great part black 2 Abdomen in great part red or yellow 4 2. Antennae black; posterior tarsal claws with a moderate-sized tooth 3 Antennae white at apex; posterior tarsal claws with a minute - tooth; body black, with two small spots above antennas, orbits extending in a line behind eyes, base of mandibles, two lines on vertex, four lines on notum, a spot before the wings, and seven spots on each side of the abdomen, white; legs honey-yellow; wings hyaline. Length 10 mm. maculata 3. Legs rufous or yellow; third antennal segment about twice as long as second; body in female black, with a spot on clypeus, sometimes wanting, line beneath eyes, sometimes interrupted, two spots behind ocelli, posterior orbits, collar, and spot on each side of each abdominal segment, white; tegulae and legs, honey-yellow. Male has white spots on first four abdominal segments. Length 13 mm. canadensis Legs black, with bases of tibiae and tarsi white; third anten- nal segment subequal in length to second; abdomen with white spots on four basal segments. Length 11 mm tibialis 4. Head, thorax, and legs in great part, black; body in female black, with two pale spots behind ocelli, and bases of tibiae and tarsi, white; abdomen red. Male uniformly dark brown, with a yellow spot on pleurae and inner orbits, or sometimes entirely reddish yellow. Length 12 mm. attenuata Head, thorax, abdomen, and legs, honey-yellow; tips of man- dibles, slpt on vertex, a line above bases of antennae, lines on neck, OTtures of pleurae, sides of basal plates, and dor- sum of following abdominal segments except at middle, brownish. Length 10 mm erythrogastra * In the preparation of the tables dealing with this and the following families free use has been made of the manuscript of a paper by Dr. J. Chester Bradley, "A revision of the cell R» group. " The portion of this paper dealing with the Siricidae has been published since this manuscript was submitted, under the title, Siricidae of North America, in Journal of Entomol. and Zoo/., 1913, vol. 5, pp. 1-35. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 169 X. maculata Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 25. Larva bores in maple. Connecticut (E. N.) ; Wallingford, I, 25 June, 1910, (D. J. Caffrey). °X. canadensis Provancher. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiv, Fig. 34. Larva bores in white birch. °X. tibialis Say. X. attenuata Norton. Larva bores in birch. Connecticut (W. H. P.). °X. erythrogastra Ashmead. Konowia Brauns. CK. basalis (Say). Xiphydria basalis Say. Abdomen black, with the two basal segments honey-yellow, more or less mixed with black; legs, except the posterior tibiae and tarsi, honey-yellow; wings hyaline. Length 8-9 mm. °K. walshii (Westwood). Xiphydria walshii Westwood. Abdomen piceous, with the middle segments margined at sides with white ; legs fulvous, with the tips of the tarsi fuscous ; antennae fuscous, with the bases luteous ; head black, with two spots behind the ocelli and a line on the lower and posterior or- bits, white ; collar narrowly, the sides and under surface of the prothorax, and two spots on the mesonotum between the wings, white. Length 9 mm. SIRICIDiE. Key to Subfamilies. Measured on vein M, free part of M» is midway or much nearer to the free part of R« than to the radial cross-vein; antennae filiform, with at least seventeen segments: anal cerci present in male Siricin^e p. 169 Measured on vein M, free part of Ma is opposite the radial cross-vein, or always much nearer to the radial cross-vein than the free part of M4; antennae thickened at middle, never with more than fourteen segments; anal cerci want- ing in male Tremecin,e p. 172 SlRlCIN^E. Key to Genera. I. Cornus at apex of abdomen of female constricted at base, spear-shaped; front wings with free part of Cu2 usually 170 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. wanting, sometimes represented by a small spur; head with a white spot behind the eyes 2 Cornus at apex of abdomen of female either shouldered or not, but never constricted at base and spear-shaped; front wings with free part of Cu2 distinct; head without a white spot behind the eyes; posterior tibiae with two apical spurs Sirex p. 170 2. Posterior tibiae with two apical spurs; ovipositor about as long as the abdomen, and always much shorter than the body Urocerus p. 171 Posterior tibiae with only a single apical spur; ovipositor al- ways much longer than the abdomen, and sometimes longer than the body Xeris p. 171 Sirex Linnaeus Key to Species. 1. Abdomen blue-black 2 Abdomen more or less red 3 2. Legs blue-black; abdomen short, cornus short and shouldered, ovipositor projecting but little beyond its tip; body steel- blue, with first pair of legs below knees dark ferruginous; wings violaceous. Length 35 mm. (female) edwardsii Legs rufous; cornus elongate, pointed, not shouldered at base, diminishing gradually in size; body black, with legs beyond trochanters, and base of ovipositor, yellow or rufous; wings hyaline or nearly so, sometimes with a spot below the stigma and apex of the wings infuscated. Length 16-30 mm. (female) cyaneus 3. Wings violaceous; body blue-black, with legs beyond knees, sometimes the whole of the legs, abdomen beyond first or second segment, cornus, and ovipositor, red; cornus some- what convex at sides but not distinctly shouldered. Length 28 mm. (female) nigricornus Wings hyaline or yellowish, apical margins sometimes some- what infuscated 4 4. Legs entirely blue-black 5 Legs with posterior femora rufous; body bluish, with poste- rior legs more or less, and abdomen beyond second or third segment, rufous; wings hyaline or nearly so. Length 15-30 mm. (male) cyaneus 5. Abdomen entirely rufous beyond basal plates or first seg- ment; antennae and posterior tarsi sometimes marked with rufous. Length 20 mm nigricornus Abdomen blue-black, with only the fifth or sixth segment rufous (male) edwardsii No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 171 °S. edwardsii (Brulle). Urocerns edzvardsii Brulle. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xiii, Fig. 3. S. cyaneus (Fabricius). Urocerus cyaneus Fabricius. How- ard, Insect Book, PL xiii, Fig. 12. Larva bores in spruce and fir. Connecticut (E. N..) °S. nigricornus (Fabricius). Urocerus nigricornus Fabricius. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 21. Urocerus Geoffroy. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen entirely black; body black, with antennae more or less at middle, a large spot behind each eye, a spot on each side of the seventh abdominal segment, and basal half of tibia? and tarsi, white; wings strongly infuscated. Length 27 mm albicornis Abdomen wholly or in part yellow or rufous 2 2. Wings yellowish hyaline; body black, with antennae yellow, or yellow at base and brownish toward tip, sometimes black in male; tibiae and tarsi brown or yellow, poste- rior tibiae and tarsi black in male; basal plates, and ab- dominal segments one to seven more or less yellow. Length 35 mm flavicornis Wings strongly infuscated or violaceous; body black, with antennae more or less at apex, and basal half of posterior tibiae and the metatarsi, white; abdomen usually with first and third or fourth apical segments reddish yellow, or at times with entire abdomen reddish yellow. Length 20 mm. cressoni U. albicornis Fabricius. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 24. Larva bores in spruce, hemlock, and fir. Connecticut (E. N.). U. flavicornis Fabricius. Urocerus abdominalis Harris. Howard, Insect Book, PL xiii, Figs. 17 and 24. Connecticut, (E. N.) ; Hamden, 15 June, 191 1 (A. B. C). U. cressoni Norton. Xeris Costa. °X. caudata (Cresson). Urocerus caudatus Cresson. How- ard, Insect Book, PL xiii, Fig. 29; and PL xiv, Fig. 36. Body black, with a spot behind the eyes and the collar more or less, white ; the legs entirely obscure, luteous or brownish ; the ovipositor reddish brown ; wings subhyaline, more or less stained with fuscous. Length 23 mm. 172 connecticut geol. and nat. hist. survey. [bull. Tremecinje. Tremex Jurine. *T. columba Linnaeus. Howard, Insect Book, p. 70, Fig. 41 ; PI. xii, Figs. 27 and 23 ; PI. xiii, Fig. 31. Body varying from almost entirely black with yellow trian- gular marks on the abdomen, to almost yellow with a narrow api- cal black margin ; antennae usually yellow ; legs usually pale, femora black above in dark individuals; wings varying from strongly infuscated to yellowish hyaline. Length 18-40 mm. Larva bores in maple, elm, apple, pear, beech, oak, and sycamore. Connecticut (E. N).; New Haven (Bolton) ; East Hartford (W. E. B.). cephim:. Key to Genera. 1. Radial cross-vein always shorter than first abscissa of radial sector, the two converging toward the radio-medial cross- vein 2 Radial cross-vein subequal in length to or shorter than first abscissa of radial sector, the two subparallel; base of radial sector sometimes atrophied; posterior tibiae with two preapical spurs Janus p. 172 2. Posterior tibiae with one preapical spur 3 Posterior tibiae with two preapical spurs 4 3. Flagellum with first two or three segments usually distinctly contracted; posterior tarsal claws bifid . . . .Macrocephus p. 174 Flagellum never with first two or three segments distinctly contracted, distinctly thicker in the middle than at base or apex; posterior tarsal claws broadly expanded at apex and slightly emarginate between the two portions Adirus p. 173 4. Abdomen of male with two apical ventral segments with fringes or brushes of bristles, sometimes placed in deep scars; saw-guides of female, as seen from above, widened at apex • -Trachelus p. 174 Abdomen of male with ventral apical segments sometimes with short hairs, never with fringes or brushes of bristles; saw-guides of female, as seen from above, with their sides parallel and not widened at apex Cephus p. 174 Janus Stephens. Key to Species. I. Front wings with base of radial sector always present 2 Front wings with base of radial sector always atrophied; No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 173 body black, with labrum, a line at base of wings and another on scutellum, and a triangular spot on metathorax, white; legs (except a white line on underside of tibiae, and posterior tibiae and tarsi which are black) and first and second abdominal segments, rufous; wings entirely hyaline. Length 9 mm abbreviatus 2. Front wings hyaline, with a fuscous spot below the stigma; body black, with tegulae, collar, metathorax in part, and basal third of tibiae, white; three basal segments of abdo- men, and legs, except parts named and posterior tibiae and tarsi in female which are black, rufous. Length 8 mm integer Front wings hyaline, with a fuscous spot in cells R3 and M5; body in female black, with a spot on mandibles, palpi, collar, stripe on pleurae, spot on coxae, and trochanters, straw-white; four basal segments of abdomen, and legs below trochanters, yellow-red. Male with antennae fer- ruginous, and base of abdomen more or less black. Length 9 mm bimaculatus °J. abbreviatus (Say). Cephus abbreviatus Say. Phyllcecus integer Riley. Howard, Insect Book, p. 71, Fig. 43; PI. xii, Fig. 22. Larvae bore in the stems of willow and poplar. *J. bimaculatus (Norton). Cephus bimaculatus Norton. Farmington (E. N.). J. integer (Norton). Cephus integer Norton. Cephus iiavi- ventris Fitch. Currant Stem Girdler. Larva tunnels in the pith of currant. Windham, New Haven (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 21 May, 1913 (B. H. W.). Adirus Konow. A. trimaculatus (Say). Cephus trimaculatus Say. Howard, Insect Book, pi. xiii, Fig. 1. Body shining black, with two spots on the inner orbits, the base of the mandibles, spots on the clypeus, all sometimes wanting, and a spot on each side of the fourth abdominal tergite, yellow ; the whole of the anterior tibiae and the basal half of the middle tibiae white; wings varying from hyaline to infuscated. Length 15-18 mm. Larva bores in the stems of blackberry. Connecticut (E. N.). 174 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [BulL Macrocephus Schlechtendal. CM. bicinctus (Provancher). Cephus bicinctus Provancher. Body black, with the cheeks, a small spot on each side of the vertex, a spot on the sides of the metathorax, and the apex of the third and fifth abdominal tergites, white ; tibise and tarsi brown- ish ; wings hyaline. Length 12 mm. Trachelus Jurine. °T. tabidus (Fabricius). Sirex tabidus Fabricius. Body black, with the mandibles except at apex, front margin of the clypeus, the front legs beyond the middle of the femora in great part, a band on each side of the abdomen, and a spot at the apex of the fifth and sixth sternites, yellow; wings somewhat in- fu seated. Length 9 mm. Cephus Latreille. °C. graenicheri Ashmead. Abdominal tergites five and six with their apical three-fourths broadly yellow ; body black, with the mandibles except at apex, the clypeus, cheeks, palpi, two spots beneath the wings, the legs ex- cept the trochanters and tips of the tarsi, a large spot on each side of the second abdominal tergite, practically the whole of the third tergite, a spot on each side and on the dorsum of the fourth, three-fourths of the apex of the fifth and sixth and the apex of the last segment, yellow ; wings yellowish hyaline ; saw-guides truncate at apex. Length 11 mm. °C. pygmaeus Linnaeus. Howard, Insect Book, p. JO, Fig. 42. Fifth abdominal tergite with its, apical half and the apical mar- gin of the sixth, yellow ; body in female black, with the mandibles at base, the palpi, the legs beyond the knees, always more or less infuscated, the apical half of the third and fourth abdominal ter- gites, a spot at middle of the apex of the sixth, and the apical margin of the last segment, yellow ; wings hyaline ; saw-guides broadly rounded at apex. Male differs in having the clypeus, the cheeks, the coxae, the trochanters and femora beneath, and a spot on the side of the second and fourth abdominal segments, yellow ; length 9 mm. Larvae infest the stems of wheat. No. 22.~\ HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 1 75 oryssim:. Oryssus Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen entirely black; edge of ridge concealing bases of antennae not strongly reflexed; antennce distant at base; legs marked more or less with white or reddish; wings hyaline, with a smoky transverse band beyond the mid- dle. Length 8-12 mm sayi Abdomen not entirely black 2 2. Abdomen with three apical segments red ....sayi var. terminalis Abdomen with six apical segments red ....sayi var. occidentalis O. sayi Westwood. Larva bores in maple. Stonington, 26 June, 1906 (W. E. B.). O. sayi var. terminalis Newman. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xii, Fig. 26. Larva bores in maple. Hamden, 15 June, 191 1 (W. E. B.) ; Stonington, 5, 17 June, 1914 (I. .W. Davis). °0. sayi var. occidentalis Cresson. Larva bores in sugar maple. I76 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. ICHNEUMONOIDEA. From the standpoint of economic parasitology this is one of the most important groups of insects. It is represented in Con- necticut by many species. Many of these will, no doubt, prove exceedingly useful in the hands of man when he has learned to breed and manage them for the purpose of controlling injurious insects. The greatest care must be exercised in classifying the insects of this group, because the multiplicity of species and their close relationship make their recognition a difficult subject indeed. This group is so homogeneous that in order to classify its com- ponents a knowledge of the general appearance and character of the insects as a whole, or habitus, is quite essential. Habitus al- though sufficiently tangible to the experienced eye can not be sat- isfactorily described, so the beginner must have access to an authoritatively determined collection, or, such not being avail- able, recourse must be taken to a study of the figures of von Vollenhoven in his two works, the Schetzen and Pinacographia. Inasmuch as the Icheumonoid fauna of this state is imper- fectly known, the keys in the following pages cannot be regarded as final, although in many cases they will lead the student to a satisfactory conclusion. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 177 1 00 12 i78 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. NOMENCLATURE OF WING PARTS IN THE DRAWING OF AMBLYTELES CENTRATOR. OLD SYSTEM Veins Costa + subcostal (In the Ichneumonoidea considered in this work these veins are usually seemingly but not actually coales- cent.) First transverse cubital . Second " " Cubital . . . First recurrent Second " ... Basal ..... Subdiscoidal .... Abbreviated cubital, or stump . Externomedial J 1st abscissa . J 2d and 3d abscissa Transverse median of fore wings, or nervulus .... ,r . , .. list abscissa Marginal or radius J „ . , ~ . . . J 2d and 3d abscissa Transverse median of hind wings, or nervellus .... Discoidal COMSTOCK-NEEDHAM SYSTEM Veins Costa (C) + Sc + R + M r-m and Rs R* All + 2 and R4 + 5 + Mi M3 + « Transverse part of M* or first abscissa of Ms M and m - cu m and M2 M Cu M, M. M.+ Cui radial cross-vein R3 Ma Cells Areolet Cubitodiscoidal Cells R4 + 5 1st Ri + R + M« Key to Families* Mesothorax with its sternum and pleurae, or at least the latter, not divided into an anterior and posterior portion by the presence of a carina or suture; in short, without a prepectus 2 Mesothorax with its sternum and its pleurae, or at least the latter, more or less divided into an anterior and posterior portion by the presence of a carina or suture; in other words, with a prepectus as indicated by Snodgrass 6 Second and third dorsal segments fused as is evidenced by the apparent second segment having two pairs of spiracles 3 'This table includes all the known families of Ichneumonoidea. No. 22^\ HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 1 79 Second and third dorsal segments not fused, second divi- sion of dorsum of abdomen with only one pair of spiracles; all known forms winged; propodeum hardly extending beyond base of coxae, upper edge of hind coxal sockets or coxal line close to lower edge of abdominal socket or abdominal line 4 3. Cutting edge of mandjbles turned inward, their tips meet- ing or overlapping when mandibles are flexed toward mouth VIPIONID;E p. 181 Cutting edge of mandibles turned outward, their tips neither meeting nor overlapping when mandibles are flexed toward mouth ALYSIID^E p. 211 4. Frontal line shorter than clypeo-antennal line, or antennae inserted above middle of face; wings without a distinct costal cell, i. e., with but three cells running to base of wing 5 Frontal line longer than clypeo-antennal line, or antennae inserted below middle of face; wings with a distinct costal cell, i. e., with four cells running to base of wings STEPHANID^ p. 215 5. Spiracles of first and second dorsal segments in or beyond middle; front wings with only one recurrent vein, first abcissa of cubitus present PAXYLOMMID^E Spiracles of first and second dorsal segments before middle; front wings with two recurrent veins, first represented by cubitodiscoidal vein, first abcissa of cubitus wanting BANCHID^E p. 216 6. Abdomen with only one or two dorsal segments, or, where with more than two, then with second and third segments fused, so that second division of abdomen has two pairs of spiracles; propodeum hardly extending beyond base of hind coxae 7 Abdomen always with more than two dorsal segments and with only one pair of spiracles to the second division, sec- ond and third dorsal segments not fused 11 7- Abdomen inserted low down on propodeum , distinctly below middle of latter; upper edge of hind coxal sockets or coxal line close to lower edge of abdominal socket or abdominal line 8 Abdomen inserted high up on propodeum, in middle or above middle of latter; upper edge of hind coxal sockets or coxal line remote from lower edge of abdominal socket or ab- ^ dominal line CAPITONIIDvE p. 768 8. Cutting edge of mandibles turned inward, their tips meeting or overlapping when mandibles are flexed toward mouth 9 l8o CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Cutting edge of mandibles turned outward, their tips usually neither meeting nor overlapping when mandibles are flexed toward mouth IS 9. First abdominal segment not cylindrical, but broadened or bulbous toward apex; with or without wings 10 First abdominal segment cylindrical or nearly cylindrical, not broadened or becoming bulbous at apex; first abscissa of cubitus of fore wings wanting; wings always present .... AGRIOTYPID/E 10. First abscissa of cubitus of fore wings usually present, fore wings with only one recurrent vein; edges of fused sec- ond and third dorsal abdominal segments not meeting be- neath BRACONlDiE p. 216 First abscissa of cubitus of fore wing wanting, fore wings with two recurrent veins; edges of fused second and third dorsal abdominal segments meeting or overlapping be- neath braconid;e p. 216 II. -Abdomen inserted low down on propodeum, distinctly below middle of latter, upper edge of hind coxal sockets or coxal line close to lower edge of abdominal sockets or abdom- inal line 12 Abdomen inserted high up on propodeum in middle or above middle of latter, upper edge of hind coxal sockets or coxal line remote from lower edge of abdominal socket or abdominal line EVANIID/E p. 239 12. First abdominal segment cylindrical or nearly cylindrical, not broadened or bulbous at apex; first abscissa of cubitus in fore wings present 13 First abdominal segment broadened or bulbous at apex, not cylindrical; first abscissa of cubitus in fore wings usually absent 14 13. First abdominal segment with distinct spiracles a little be- yond middle; prepectal carina confined to sternum EUPACHYLOMMIDJE First abdominal segment without spiracles; prepectal carina confined to pleura ROPRONIID/E 14. Costal cell distinct TRIGON ALID.E p. 242 Costal cell obliterated by approximation of costal and sub- costal veins ICHNEUMONIDiE p. 243 15. Abdomen with only two dorsal segments visible VANHORNIID/E Abdomen with at least five dorsal segments and five pairs of lateral spiracles visible, the second and third segments fused lysiognathid;e No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. l8l vipionim:. Key to Genera. 1. Clypeus not emarginate so as to form a semicircular open- ing with mandibles 3 Clypeus emarginate so as to form a semicircular opening with mandibles; occiput without a ridge or raised line between it and vertex, at most with a faint raised line at sides 7 2. Second submarginal cell large, quadrangular, or wanting; ab- domen sessile or subsessile; fore wings with three sub- marginal cells, anterior margin of marginal cell longer than stigma 3 Second submarginal cell small, often imperfect; mesothor- acic sutures invisible; marginal cell reaching or nearly reaching apex of wings; antennae less than 20-jointed; me- dian cell shorter than submedian 4 3. Marginal and second and third submarginal cells indistinctly defined, marginal cell reaching to apex of wing; marginal vein indistinct beyond apex of second submarginal cell, which is much longer than broad, the recurrent vein re- ceived by first submarginal cell Cardiochiles p. 183 Marginal and second and third submarginal cells distinctly defined; hind femora simple; head transverse, vertex not or scarcely excavate, middle ocellus not surrounded by a fovea; abdomen ovate, not longer than thorax; occiput not margined; anal cell of fore wings without a transverse vein; marginal cell completely closed; second branch of marginal vein much longer than first, whereby second submarginal cell is wider, often very wide; marginal vein not springing from extreme base of stigma; second and third abdominal sutures inconspicuous Opius p. 182 4. Antennae 18-jointed 5 Antennae 14-jointed Mirax p. 184 5. Fore wings with three submarginal cells, the second com- plete 6 Fore wings with two submarginal cells; second submarginal cell fused with third, marginal vein obsolete or subobso- lete Apanteles p. 184 6. Spurs of hind tibiae half or more than half the length of hind metattrsi Microgaster p. 201 Spurs of hind tibiae less than half the length of hind meta- tarsi Microplitis p. 202 7- Abdomen without or with only one foveolate transverse im- pression; clypeus without hair tufts at base; face not rostriform 8 l82 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Abdomen with numerous broad, strongly foveolate transverse impressions Iphiaulax p. 209 8. Head not cubical, as seen from above at least twice as wide as long antero-posteriorly 9 Head cubical, as seen from above hardly wider than long antero-posteriorly 10 9. Second abscissa of radius at most hardly longer than first transverse cubitus; propodeum always and abdomen usu- ally sculptured throughout Habrobracon p. 209 Second abscissa of radius always distinctly longer than first transverse cubitus; propodeum rarely sculptured through- out, abdomen often smooth and polished. .Microbracon p. 204 10 Scape at most hardly twice as long as thick, and cup-shaped in outline Cceloides p. 210 Scape distinctly more than twice as long as thick, subcyl- indrical, supported by a much narrower pedicel, lower por- tion cut out so as to engage prominent margins of antennal foramina, apex with its margins emarginate posteriorly, channeled anteriorly with margin between anterior and posterior portions produced into a kind of process Atanycolus p. 210 Opius Wesmael. Key to Species. 1. Recurrent vein interstitial or received by second cubital cell; second abdominal segment without a transverse impressed line; radius not originating beyond middle of stigma; sub- median and median cells equal or nearly equal in length; second discoidal cell closed 2 Recurrent vein received by first cubital cell; second cubital cell much longer than high, second abscissa of radius much longer than first transverse cubitus, radius orginating be- fore middle of stigma but not at its base; notauli indicated only at anterior margin of dorsulum; nervellus without a branch exareolatus 2. Face beneath antennae mostly black; scape, pedicel, clypeus, mandibles, tegulae, coxae, trochanters, tibiae, and greater part of apical half of abdomen, almost concolorous, brown- ish stramineous; tarsi also brownish stramineous, but more or less with dusky stains; notauli extending l£ beyond middle of mesonotum; palpi more or less dusky; veins and stigma brownish; mandibles not emarginate beneath; sec- ond abscissa of radius much shorter than third. Length 4 mm. (female) novaeanglise Face beneath antennae brownish stramineous; scape be- neath and part of cheeks concolorous with face beneath No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 183 antennae; legs, excepting tarsi and hind tibiae, mostly blackish stramineous; tarsi dusky; hind tibiae and their tarsi mostly blackish, the former pale at base; notauli not extending to middle of mesonotum; abdomen mostly black- ish; second dorsal abdominal segment almost concolorous with hind femora; stigma and veins blackish; mandibles emarginate beneath; second abscissa of radius not much shorter than third. Length 2.5 mm. (female) pequodorum *0. (Allotypus) exareolatus Viereck (new species). Female : length 2 mm. ; black ; scape and pedicel yellowish in front, flagel dark brown or black; tegulae pale castaneous, wings transparent tinted with brown, stigma and veins brown; legs mostly stramineous except hind tibiae and tarsi which are dusky ; the former with a stramineous annulus at base ; abdomen with first, second, fifth and following dorsal segments more or less dark brown, the third and fourth segments mostly blackish ; first dorsal abdominal segment longitudinally striate ; propodeum rugose. Apparently related to O. apicalis Gahan. Type locality: Branford, 20 July, 1905 (H. W. W.). *0. (Hypolabis) pequodorum Viereck (new species). Remarkable in having the mesonotum divided by a median longitudinal sulcus. Apparently related to O. americanus Gahan. Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). *0. (Desmiostoma) novasangliae Viereck (new species). Type locality: Connecticut. Type in collection of American Entomological Society, Philadelphia. Cardiochiles Nees. Toxoneuron Say. °C. populator Say. Length 10 mm.; black; abdomen red; wings dark fuliginous; exserted portion of ovipositor longer than the abdomen. °C. tibiator Say. Length 5 mm. ; black ; wings hyaline with a fuscous tip ; fore tibise and tarsi yellowish white; mid tarsi whitish, hind tibiae white at base. Parasitic on a leaf-roller infesting the black locust. C. viator Say. Reddish ; length 6-7 mm. ; head partly black, appendages of head black; lower half of .thorax, propodeum, coxae, trochan- 184 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. ters, base of mid and fore femora, tarsi, and sheaths of oviposi- tor, black; wings fuliginous; costa and stigma stramirfeous to testaceous. Lyme, 27 August, 1909 (A. B. C). Mirax Haliday. °M. aspidiscae Ashmead. Male and female: length 1.3-1.5 mm; black; second flagellar joint about as long as the first; scutel polished; wings with a brownish yellow stigma, first submarginal and first discoidal cells confluent; legs yellowish, sometimes tinged with fuscous, the articulations pale; first, second and third abdominal segments pale. This is said to be seemingly common as a parasite on the small case-bearing Tineid Aspidisca splendoriferella, which occurs on apple and is common on quince in this state. Apanteles Foerster. Key to Species. Thorax not depressed, greatest vertical axis apparently as long as or longer than greatest transverse axis; flagel, at least in female, with most of the joints of apical half longer than thick; facial line as long as or shorter than transfacial line 2 Thorax depressed, greatest vertical axis apparently shorter than greatest transverse axis; flagel, at least in female, rather moniliform, most of the joints of apical half as short as or shorter than thick; head not rostriform, facial line apparently as long as or shorter than trans- facial line; length 1.75 mm.; black; antennae dark brown, labrum and mandibles mostly brownish, palpi pale; tegulae brownish; scutel almost impunctate; wings transparent, tinged with brown ; costa, stigma, radius, transverse cubitus and second and third abscissa of cubitus brownish; remain- ing veins mostly colorless, or at most paler than stigma; coxae black, trochanters more or less dark, rest of legs mostly stramineous, with hind femora and tibiae rather red- dish with fuscous tips; mesopleurae not separated from mesosternum by a carinate fold; propodeum rugulose, distinctly carinate down the middle; first dorsal abdom- inal plate distinctly wider at apex than at base, or than sec- ond dorsal abdominal plate is long down the middle, lat- ter plate not sculptured throughout, mostly shining and with indefinite sculpture; third 'dorsal abdominal segment No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 185 not sculptured at base or elsewhere except for a few scat- tered punctures; ovipositor hardly exserted (Stenopleura) podunkorum 2. Second dorsal abdominal plate subquadrate, trapezoidal, or subtriangular; propodeum usually with a median longitud- inal carina, never with a more or less distinct areole (Protapanteles) 3 Second dorsal abdominal plate transversely linear or spindle- shaped, two and one-half to three or more times as wide at apex as long down the middle; if less than four times as wide as long, then with an areola on propodeum, or at least without a median longitudinal carina from base to apex 49 > 3. First dorsal abdominal plate wider at apex than at base, sec- ond dorsal abdominal plate usually almost entirely or en- tirely rugose; first dorsal abdominal plate distinctly as wide as or wider at apex than second dorsal plate is long down the middle; furrow between dorsulum and scutel foveate 4 First dorsal plate as wide at apex as at base or narrower at apex than at base; in euchcetis first dorsal abdominal plate apparently wider at apex than at base on account of radically converging apical fourth of sides 42 4. First dorsal abdominal plate distinctly wider at apex than second is long down the middle 5 First dorsal abdominal plate as narrow as or narrower at apex than second plate is long down the middle; second dorsal abdominal segment distinctly shorter than third, its plate sculptured throughout and nearly transversely oblong; apical half of abdomen compressed; in other par- ticulars agreeing with the description of acronyctce as given below in this table pholisorae 5. Pleura not separated from mesosternum by a carinate fold.. 6 Pleura separated from mesosternum by a carinate fold; otherwise as in acronyctce, or litnenitidis var., as described below in this table, except femora which are pale . . . .orgyiae 6. Third dorsal abdominal segment sculptured at base in the middle 7 Third dorsal abdominal segment perfectly or virtually per- fectly sculptureless at base in the middle 28 7. Scutel mostly punctate, or rugulose, or both 8 Scutel mostly impunctate, interstices smooth and polished, wings not whitish 14 8. Wings whitish 9 Wings not whitish 10 i86 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 10. II. 12. U- 14. 15- 16. 17- 18. 19- Radius, transverse cubitus and third abscissa of cubitus pale stramineous, tegulse and hind femora mostly brownish . . . nemoriae Radius, transverse cubitus and third abscissa of cubitus brownish, tegulse blackish, hind femora mostly reddish stramineous (male) winkleyi Tegulse brownish or blackish 11 Tegulse stramineous junoniae Hind femora mostly pale 12 Hind femora mostly infuscated limenitidis Third dorsal abdominal segment almost entirely sculptured, only the hind lateral corners sculptureless 13 Third dorsal abdominal segment sculptured only at base; tegulse blackish, hind femora mostly reddish stramineous lunatus Outer face of hind coxae shining, blackish, inner side brown- ish, tegulse brownish, hind tibise and tarsi stramineous to testaceous; sculpture of third dorsal abdominal segment extending to hind edge agricola Outer face of hind coxse dull, hind coxse black throughout, tegulse blackish, apical third of hind tibise and most of hind tarsi blackish; sculpture of third dorsal abdominal seg- ment not extending to hind edge winkleyi Punctures of scutel large and distinct 15 Punctures of scutel small and indistinct or apparently want- ing, hind femora pale 22 Outer face of hind coxse shining 16 Outer face of hind coxse dull 20 Tegulse stramineous 17 Tegulse brownish or blackish 19 Sculpture of third dorsal abdominal segment not confined to basal half 18 Sculpture of third dorsal abdominal segment confined to basal half; legs, including coxse, and ventral segments of abdo- men mostly stramineous to reddish obscuricornis Third dorsal abdominal segment almost impunctate and shining down the middle, and with large, shallow, rather ill-defined punctures laterally murtfeldtae Third dorsal abdominal segment impunctate, but with middle third more or less striate fiskei Hind femora mostly stramineous; second dorsal abdominal plate sharply defined laterally by deep arcuate grooves, dorsal abdominal segments not pale apically argynnidis Hind femora mostly black or blackish; second and third dor- sal abdominal segments with a median longitudinal welt flaviconcha? No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 187 20. Tegulae stramineous 21 Tegulae brownish or blackish, hind femora mostly stramine- ous; sculpture of third dorsal abdominal segment not con- fined to middle third at base cyaniridis 21. Hind coxae mostly black or blackish; second dorsal abdom- inal segment broadly blackish at base scitulus Hind coxae mostly stramineous; second dorsal abdominal seg- ment stramineous from base to apex, at least laterally parorgyiae 22. Tegulae stramineous 23 Tegulae brownish or blackish, hind coxae mostly black; scape black or blackish 24 23. Antennae yellowish throughout flavicornis Antennae mostly black or blackish, at least above; hind coxae mostly stramineous rileyanus 24. Second dorsal abdominal plate not depressed along apical margin 25 Second dorsal abdominal plate depressed along apical mar- gin hyphantriae 25. Sculpture of third dorsal abdominal segment not confined to basal half 26 Sculpture of third dorsal abdominal segment confined to basal half, and not extending to the end of that half; hypopyg- ium shorter than pygidium; mid and hind femora mostly black limenitidis var. 26. Flagel dark brown, black or blackish 27 Flagel mostly pale, yellowish toward tip xylinus 27. Abdomen longer than thorax oxyacanthoidis Abdomen shorter than thorax delicatus 28. Tegulae stramineous 29 Tegulae brownish or blackish or black 34 29. Hind coxae mostly black or blackish 30 Hind coxae mostly stramineous or reddish rufocoxalis 30. Second dorsal abdominal plate without a median longitudinal welt 31 Second dorsal abdominal plate with a median longitudinal welt 32 31. Third, fourth and fifth dorsal abdominal segments black; hind coxae black at apex; scape pale augustus Third, fourth and fifth dorsal abdominal segments more or less stramineous; hind coxae stramineous or yellowish at apex crambi 32. Second dorsal abdominal plate mostly or at least partly polished 33 Second dorsal abdominal plate sculptured throughout; hind coxae stramineous at apex; scape blackish hesperidivorus l88 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 33. Suture between second and third dorsal abdominal segments distinctly foveate; second dorsal abdominal plate rather rugulose laterally ccngregatus Suture between second and third dorsal abdominal seg- ments indistinctly or not foveate; second dorsal abdominal plate with an indistinct welt hemileuca 34. Second dorsal abdominal plate sculptured throughout 35 Second dorsal abdominal plate not sculptured throughout.. 39 35. Hind femora pale . . . : 36 Hind femora black or blackish; second dorsal abdominal plate shorter down middle than down sides carduicola 36. Suture between second and third dorsal abdominal segments not sharply defined 27 Suture between second and third dorsal abdominal segments sharply defined acronyctae 37. Male antennae not yellowish beneath, hypopygium not ex- tending beyond pygidium in female ...,.,. 38 Male antennae yellowish beneath lanificus 38. First dorsal abdominal plate punctate laeviceps var. First dorsal abdominal plate not punctate laeviceps 39. Hind femora not black or blackish 40 Hind femora mostly black or blackish; second dorsal abdom- inal plate mostly sculptured theclae 40. Hind femora mostly stramineous; second dorsal abdominal plate with its basal half not bounded laterally by deep, foveolate, oblique furrows , 41 Hind femora mostly reddish and fuscous as in Iceviceps podunkorum 41. Hind femora unicolorous; flagel partly pale algonquinorum Hind femora with blackish tips; flagel entirely dark brown pyraustae 42. First dorsal abdominal plate as wide at apex as at base, hardly wider at apex than second dorsal abdominal plate is long down the middle, sides of latter parallel on apical half 43 First dorsal abdominal plate distinctly narrower at apex than at base; if apparently as wide at apex as at base, then distinctly wider or narrower at apex than second dorsal abdominal plate is long down the middle 45 43. Propodeum with a distinct median longitudinal carina; body mostly black 44 Propodeum without a distinct median longitudinal carina; body mostly stramineous robiniae 44. Second dorsal abdominal plate mostly rugulose glomeratus Second dorsal abdominal plate almost entirely smooth and polished atalantae NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 189 45. First dorsal abdominal plate distinctly less than twice as long as wide at base; first and second dorsal abdominal plates at least mostly smooth and polished; hind coxae black .... 46 First dorsal abdominal plate at least nearly twice as long as wide at base 47 46. Hind femora black, wings whitish; propodeum without a distinct median longitudinal carina; first dorsal abdom- inal plate rounded at apex cassianus Hind femora mostly stramineous in female, mostly blackish in male euchaetis 47. First and second dorsal abdominal plates sculptured, venter more or less stramineous; propodeum black or blackish and with a median longitudinal carina; tegulae stramine- ous 48 First and second dorsal abdominal plates smooth and pol- ished, the latter plate apparently twice or more than twice as wide at apex as at base militaris 48. Hind legs including coxae almost entirely stramineous radiatus Hind legs mostly brownish and blackish and with their coxae black ornigis 49. Propodeum without a median longitudinal carina but usu- ally with a more or less distinct areola 50 Propodeum with a median longitudinal carina and without an areola; second dorsal abdominal plate transversely oblong and distinctly shorter than third, the latter virtually en- tirely smooth (Pseudapanteles) consimilis 50. Propodeum exareolate or at least without costulae 51 Propodeum areolated or at least with costulae 62 51. Hind femora brownish or blackish; first dorsal abdominal plate at least one and one-half times as long as wide at base 52 Hind femora stramineous or reddish, at least in part; first dorsal abdominal plate nearly one and one-half times as long as wide at base 59 52. Tegulae stramineous; first dorsal abdominal plate at most ap- parently only twice as long as wide at base and apparently narrower at apex than at base; scutel polished, virtually impunctate, wings including stigma brownish S3 Tegulae black 54 53. Second dorsal abdominal plate granular, third dorsal abdom- inal segment sculptured housatannuckorum Second dorsal abdominal plate coarsely longitudinally stri- ated, third coarsely sculptured at base ornigis 54- First dorsal abdominal plate not or apparently not narrower at apex than at base, and with or without a median fovea; third dorsal abdominal segment indistinctly sculptured. . 55 190 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. First dorsal abdominal plate apparently narrower at apex than at base 57 55. Second dorsal abdominal plate at least partly smooth and shining; hind femora mostly black or blackish 56 Second dorsal abdominal plate sculptured throughout, not at all smooth and shining gelechiae 56. Tibiae and tarsi mostly stramineous or reddish . . . .miantonomoi Tibiae and tarsi mostly blackish melanopus 57. Second dorsal abdominal plate rugulose 58 Second dorsal abdominal plate smooth and shining, and three- fourths as long down the middle as first dorsal abdominal plate is wide at apex, the latter plate two-thirds as wide at apex as at base; propodeum not punctate but finely sculptured '. .pequodorum 58. Second dorsal abdominal plate hardly less than one-half as long down the middle as first dorsal abdominal plate is wide at apex , lithocolletidis Second dorsal abdominal plate nearly twice as long down the middle as first dorsal abdominal plate is wide at apex aristotelise 59. Second dorsal abdominal plate more than two and one-half times as wide at apex as long down the middle; first dor- sal abdominal plate with a median fovea; tegulae stramin- eous 60 Second dorsal abdominal plate at most two and one-half, times as wide at apex as long down the middle; first dor- sal abdominal plate without a median fovea; third dorsal abdominal segment sculptured '. tortricis 60. Second dorsal abdominal plate four or nearly four times as wide at apex as long down the middle; propodeum rugose, not at all polished 61 Second dorsal abdominal plate more nearly three times as wide at apex as long down the middle; third dorsal abdom- inal segment rugulose to beyond basal half; first dorsal ab- dominal plate apparently wider at apex than at base; all coxae black or blackish, hind femora reddish with apical third more or less blackish plesius 61. Hind femora in female stramineous throughout; first dorsal abdominal segment with its membranous portion testace- ous, the plate of the same segment apparently as wide at apex as at base edwardsi Hind femora in female mostly reddish with blackish tips; first dorsal abdominal segment with its membranous por- tion blackish, the plate of the same segment apparently a little wider at apex than at base maquinnai 62. Apical margin of second dorsal abdominal plate straight, not arched, the same plate shorter down the middle than first dorsal abdominal plate is wide at apex 63 No. 22. [ HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. I9I Apical margin of second dorsal abdominal plate arched or curved 65 63. Hind femora blackish 64 Hind femora stramineous; wings not whitish; propodeum ru- gose, areola not circumscribed by carinas; third dorsal ab- dominal segment partly yellowish; ovipositor prominently exserted conanchetorum 64. Wings distinctly whitish; first dorsal abdominal plate hardly one and one-half times as long as wide at base and with a median fovea tischeriae Wings not distinctly whitish trachynotus 65. First dorsal abdominal plate with a median fovea 66 First dorsal abdominal plate without a median fovea 68 66. First dorsal abdominal plate at least twice as long as wide at apex 67 First dorsal abdominal plate one and one-half times as long as wide at apex; tegulae blackish; all coxae blackish; hypo- pygium brownish lacteicolor 67. Tegulae reddish or stramineous; all coxae black or black- ish; venter black or blackish throughout forbesi Tegulae blackish; all coxae stramineous; venter mostly yel- lowish ; third dorsal abdominal segment yellowish laterally ninigretorum 68. First dorsal abdominal plate striate 69 First dorsal abdominal plate punctate; hind coxae and tegulae mostly stramineous recurvariae 69. Hind coxae black, other coxae brownish; tegulae stramineous carpatus Hind coxae stramineous and concolorous with other coxae; tegulae black nipmuckorum *A. (Stenopleura) podunkorum Viereck. Host: Pyrausta futilalis. Type locality: Berlin, cocoone collected 2Q October, 1910; parasites emerged 4 February, 191 1 (D. J. Caffrey). CA. (Protapanteles) pholisoras Riley. Length 2.4-2.7 mm. Host: Pholisora catullus. Cocoons white and solitary. °A. (P.) orgyiae Ashmead. Length 2.2 mm. Host: white-marked tussock moth (Hemer- ocampa leucostigma). Said to have been reared from a hibernat- ing chrysalis. *A. (P.) nemoriae Ashmead. Length 1.8-2 mm. Reared August, 1883, from larvae of Ne- moria, probably N. gratata, which fed on Euphorbia corollata; 26 192 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. July, 1892, from larvae of Eucrostis chloroleucaria. Cocoons yellow and solitary. Type locality: Suffield. °A. (P.) junoniae Riley. Length 2.6 mm. Host: Junonia ccenia. Cocoons whitish and solitary. °A. (P.) parorgyiae Ashmead. A. (P.) limenitidis Riley. Length 2-2.5 mm. Host: (Limenitis) Basilar chia ar chip pus. Cocoons whitish and solitary. New Haven, 31 October, 1903. A. (P.) limenitidis Riley, var. New Haven, 23, 30 October, 1903, reared from yellowish cocoons in bunches on clover; Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (H.L.V.). A. (P.) lunatus (Packard) Weed. Length 3 mm. Host: Papilio polyxenes. Cocoons solitary and dull yellowish. Yalesville, 19 October, 1903 (H .L. V.). *A. (P.) agricola Viereck (new species). Female: length 2.5 mm. In addition to the characters given in the table this species differs from lunatus in the hind coxae being reddish brown on the inner side, in the brownish, translu- cent tegulae, in the more prominent, reddish brown hypopygium, and in the more or less reddish brown fore and mid coxae. Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). *A. (P.) winkleyi Viereck (new species). Female : length 2 mm ; closely related to agricola, but differs in the hind coxae being black or blackish on the inner side, in* the hypopygium being more as in lunatus, and in nearly all of the apical half of hind tibiae being deep fuscous to blackish. Para- types from East River were reared by Dr. Charles R. Ely from Eupithecia miserulata Grote, on iron-weed, 27, 29 August, 2 September, 1910. Male: very nearly like the female, but with the sculpture of the third dorsal segment rather vague. Male allotype is in the U. S. National Museum. Cocoons occur singly, and are whitish, covered with loose silk. Type locality: Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H. W. W.). *A. (P.) obscuricornis Viereck (new species). Female : length 2 mm ; sculpture of third dorsal segment con- fined to the middle third ; fourth and following dorsal segments No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. I93 brownish down the middle and laterally, yellowish between ; scape mostly pale, rather stramineous. Type locality: New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). °A. (P.) murtfeldtae Ashmead. Has been reared from a Geometrid on Rubus. Cocoons whit- ish and solitary. °A. (P.) fiskei Viereck. Parasitic on Parorgyia. The parasites emerge from the ven- tral surface of the larva, where they spin their white cocoons all of which are collectively enveloped by white fluffy silk. The aggregation of cocoons forms a kind of cushion on which rests the dead larva. A. (P.) flaviconchae Riley. Length 2-2.5 mm- Host: army worm, {Leucania, Heliophila) Cirphis unipuncta. The cocoons of this species are yellowish collected in bunches. Branford, June, 1880. °A. (P.) argynnidis Riley. Length 2-2.2 mm. Host: Argynnis cybele. Cocoons white and solitary. °A. (P.) scitulus Riley. Length 2.5 mm. Cocoons in bunches and enveloped in white floss-like silk. °A. (P.) cyaniridis Riley. Length 2.8 mm. Host: {Lyccena) Cyaniris pseudargiolus. Cocoons white and solitary. °A. (P.) flavicornis Riley. Length 2 mm. Host: (Nisoniades) Thanaos juvenalis. Co- coons white and in bunches. °A. (P.) rileyanus Viereck. A. emarginatus Riley. Length 2.4-2.6 mm. Host : Papilio troilus. °A. (P.) hyphantriae Riley. Length 3 mm. Host : Hyphantria cunea. *A. (P.) oxyacanthoidis Viereck. Female : length 3 mm. ; closely related to delicatus, face more shining and mouth dark. New Haven, 14 May, 1904, on flowers of Ribes oxyacanthoides (H. L. V.). 13 194 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. A. (P.) delicatus Howard. Length 2.8 mm. Host: white-marked tussock moth (Hemer- ocampa leucostigma) . °A. (P.) xylinus (Say). Length 2.5 mm. Host: Smerinthus geminatus. °A. (P.) rufocoxalis Riley. Length 2.5 mm. Cocoons white, spun together in a ball cov- ered with loose silk. *A. (P.) augustus Viereck (new species). Female : length 2.5 mm. ; closely related to crambi; fore and mid coxae blackish at base, hind coxae black, blackish at apex, stigma blackish, wings with a dark tinge. Type locality: New Britain, 31 August, 1908, No. 265 (W. E. B.). °A. (P.) crambi Weed. Length 2 mm. ; black ; palpi white ; mandibles stramineous ; venter, together with dorsum of third abdominal segment, stramineous ; dorsum of segments posterior to the third piceo- stramineous ; legs red (except claws of fore and mid legs and tips of femora and tarsi of hind legs, all of which are piceo- stramineous, and hind coxae, which are black tipped with red) ; wings hyaline ; tegulae stramineous, veins whitish ; antennae blackish, scape pale beneath ; propodeum reticulated ; first and second dorsal abdominal plates longitudinally rugulose ; ovi- positor concealed. Hosts: Crambus zeellus, C. exsiccatus. Cocoons whitish, adjoining, honeycomb-like. *A. (P.) hesperidivorus Viereck. Female: length 1.75 mm.; differs from crambi especially in the uniformly dark brown to blackish antennae, in the almost impunctate, polished scutel, and in the black or blackish dorsal segments of the abdomen. Type locality: East River, reared from a skipper larva on oak, 5 August, 1910, by Dr. Charles R. Ely. Cocoons white, cov- ered with loose silk and loosely grouped together. A. (P.) congregatus (Say). Length 2.5 mm. or longer ; black ; palpi white ; wings hyaline ; stigma fuscous ; first and second dorsal abdominal plates densely NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 195 punctate or minutely lineated; venter along the middle pale yellow; legs stramineous, hind tibiae at tip and hind tarsi dusky. This is an American parasite of the cosmopolitan Plusia brassier; it is also parasitic on the following and possibly on other Lepidoptera: Ampelophaga myron (W. E. B.) ; army-worm [{Leucania, Heliophila) Cirphis unipuncta], Philampelus pando- ras, and the tobacco worms (Protoparce celeus and P. Carolina). Cocoons white and attached to the larva as shown Plate vii, Fig. i. Generally distributed, and has been bred in August by W. E. Britton and R. P. Tolman. Connecticut data are as fol- lows: Westville, 9 August, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Norwalk, 3 August, 1887 (C. V. Riley) ; Southington, 24 August, 1906 (R. P. Tol- man) ; Hartford, 7 April, 1903 (Mrs. W. Seliger). °A. (P.) hemileucae Riley. Cocoons white and attached to the larva in the same way as those of congregatus. °A. (P.) carduicola (Packard). Length 3 mm. ; black ; palpi pale stramineous ; coxae and trochanters black; basal third to half of fore femora black, re- mainder of same reddish and concolorous with the tibiae, tarsi brownish to blackish ; mid and hind femora blackish, their tibiae reddish with a slight dusky tinge, tarsi pale at base, becoming black toward tip; propodeum without a median longitudinal carina ; ovipositor hardly exserted. . Host: (Pyrameis) Vanessa cardui. °A. (P.) acronyctae Riley. Male : length 2.5 mm. ; black ; labrum and mandibles stramin- eous; palpi whitish, antennae blackish stramineous; legs light reddish, hind coxae black; wings hyaline; veins and stigma stramineous ; propodeum granulated or finely reticulate, with an indistinct median longitudinal carina; abdomen with first and second dorsal abdominal plates confluently punctate, opaque, re- mainder smooth and shining, lateral edges on first and second dorsal abdominal segments and sides of the corresponding ventral segments stramineous. Parasite of (Acronycta) Apatela oblinita. Cocoons white and spun together, the groups covered with fluffy silk. 196 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. *A. (P.) lanificus Viereck (new species). Cocoons as in acronycta. Type locality : Branford, 29 June, 1905 (Ruth Winkley). A. (P.) laeviceps Ashmead. Parasitic on Loxostege sticticalis. New Haven, 1 August, 1906 (P. L. B.), 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Hartford, reared in laboratory, 10 February, 1904. °A. (P.) theclae Riley. Male : length 2-2.6 mm. ; black ; palpi white ; labrum and mandibles blackish ; antennae sometimes blackish ; propodeum with a slight median longitudinal carina ; wings hyaline ; tegulae, stigma and costa beyond stigma, radius and veins at base of the incomplete areolet, blackish ; tibiae and tarsi stramineous ; apical half of hind tibiae and hind tarsi blackish ; abdomen with first and second dorsal abdominal plates with numerous punc- tures; ovipositor not exserted. Parasitic on an unknown species of Thecla. Cocoons white and spun together, making a mat for the dead larva. *A. (P.) algonquinorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: Thompson, 15 July, 1905 (H. L. V.); bred from cocoons on water-hemlock (Cicuta). *A. (P.) pyraustas Viereck. Type locality: East River, reared 7 August, 1909, from Pyrausta futilalis by Dr. Charles R. Ely. °A. (P.) robiniae (Fitch). The Locust Leaf-miner parasite. Length 2 mm. ; female with tip of abdomen often dusky ; wings pellucid whitish, veins colorless. Host: flattened locust leaf-miner (Anacampsis robinella Fitch). Cocoons white and promiscuously arranged. °A. (P.) glomeratus (Linnaeus). A. pieridivora (Riley). A. pieridis (Packard). Length 2.6-3 mm- 5 black ; mandibles pale brownish or stramineous ; antennae black, lower side of basal joint and base of flagel often brownish ; palpi from pale stramineous to quite yellow in color; dorsulum coarsely punctate, polished, and sparsely pubescent ; propodeum generally with a well defined, slender, median longitudinal carina ; tegulae brownish to black ; wings with costa, stigma and radial vein quite dark brown as a No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 197 rule, the remaining veins lighter ; legs stramineous, hind coxae black, sometimes brownish beneath, tip of hind tibiae either black or dusky or concolorous, hind tarsi generally dusky ; abdomen with a more or less distinct median welt on the second dorsal seg- ment; lateral margin of first and second and generally of the third dorsal abdominal segments stramineous to reddish, ven- trally this color takes up all of two or three segments ; ovipositor slightly extended beyond tip of abdomen, often entirely hidden from above. Cocoons lemon-yellow. This European parasite of the cabbage-butterfly, (Pieris) Pontia rap palpi white ; labrum and mandibles stramineous; fore legs red except coxae and apical joint, which are blackish ; legs with more or less black on their coxae, femora, and tibiae; hind legs fuscous, their coxae black; sides and ventral portions of anterior segments of the abdomen more or less stramineous; wings hyaline, tegulae piceous; veins stramin- eous, stigma darker; first and second dorsal abdominal plates reticulated, as is the base of the third segment; basal dorsal ab- dominal segment with stramineous borders. Parasitic on Ornix geminatella. Cocoons white and solitary. *A. (A.) housatannuckorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 23 August, 1906 (W. E. B.). *A. (A.) miantonomoi Viereck (new species). Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; also from New Haven, 7 May, 1904, on flowers of currant (Ribes rubrum) ; Branford, 27 June, 1904, on flowers of day-lily (Hemerocallis fulva) (H. L. V.). *A. (A.) melanopus Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 1 August, 1906; labeled, bred from pupae of cabbage-butterfly, (Pieris) Pontia rapa (P. L. B.) ; also from New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *A. (A.) pequodorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.), also from New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). °A. (A.) lithocolletidis Viereck. Reared from Lithocolletis on sweet fern by W. D. Kearfott. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 199 °A. (A.) aristoteliae Viereck. Reared from Aristotelia fungivorella by W. D. Kearfott. °A. (A.) tortricis (Ashmead). Protapanteles tortricis Ash- mead. Reared from a Tortricid larva feeding on Comptonia aspleni- folia. Cocoons white and solitary. *A. (A.) gelechiae Viereck. Type locality: East River, reared from Gelechia trialbama- culclla, August, 1910, by Dr. Charles R. Ely. °A. (A.) plesius Viereck. Reared from a larva on white oak, by W. D. Kearfott. °A. (A.) edwardsi Riley. Female : length 2.6 mm. ; black ; legs pale yellowish brown ; antennae blackish, palpi light yellow; tegulse light stramineous; wings with their stigma and costa piceous, veins paler; hind femora dusky at tips, hind tibiae nearly black at tips, hind tarsi brownish ; first dorsal abdominal segment with the side pieces blackish brown; first and second dorsal abdominal seg- ments strongly punctate, third but slightly so and only on the an- terior border ; ovipositor with its exserted portion longer than the abdomen. This is a parasite of the admiral butterfly, (Pyrameis) Van- essa atalanta. Cocoons white and solitary. *A. (A.) maquinnai Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *A. (A.) conanchetorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H. W. W.). A. (A.)tischeriae Viereck. This is a parasite of the trumpet leaf-roller of the apple (Tischeria malifoliella) . A. (A.) trachynotus Viereck. The late Prof. J. B. Smith claimed to have reared this species from Pegomyia vicina, infesting Chenop < odium. The species has been collected in Connecticut at the following places: New Haven, 20 July, 1904, 19 July, 1905 (B. H. W.), 26 May, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; West Haven, 27 June, 1905, Putnam, 12 July, 1905, and Colebrook, 27 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). 20O CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT.' HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. A. (A.)recurvariae Ashmead. Female : length i .65 mm. ; clypeus, mandibles, scape, abdomen at sides and beneath, second dorsal abdominal segment, and legs except spot at apex of hind femora, stramineous ; apex of hind tibiae and hind tarsi, except basally, where they are fuscous, stramineous ; wings hyaline, stigma brown ; second dorsal abdominal plate trapezoidal and sculptured, rest of abdomen smooth and punctate; ovipositor prominent. Bred from Recurvaria juniperella and R. thujaella, Yales- ville, 19 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). A. (A.) forbesi Viereck. West Thompson, 12 July, 1905, Cheshire, 8 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). *A. (A.) ninigretorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 26 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). A. (A.) carpatus (Say). Mr. W. D. Kearfott has reared this species from Tinea pellionella. New Haven, 4 August, 1905, bred from the white- marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leucostigma). *A. (A.) nipmuckorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: Salisbury, 27 August, 1904 (W. E. B.). A. (A.) lacteicolor Viereck. This European species was originally introduced into the state of Massachusetts on account of its effectiveness against the brown-tail moth (Euproctis chrysorrhcea) . It attacks the small caterpillars of both the brown-tail and the gipsy moth, and hiber- nates with the former. In the spring the larva of the parasite emerges and spins a white cocoon within the molting web. In ad- dition to the insects above mentioned, it is on record as attacking Datana and Hyphantria, making its usefulness all the more assured. This species was planted at several points in Connecticut in 1912 and 1913, to help control the brown-tail moth. For a detailed account of this species see Bulletin No. 91, Bureau of Entomology, U. S. Department of Agriculture. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 201 Microgaster Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Propodeum with a more or less complete prominent median longitudinal carina, usually very coarsely rugose, never with an areola 2 Propodeum without a prominent median longitudinal carina, but with a more or less distinct median area or areola; sec- ond dorsal abdominal segment much shorter than third; basal joint of antennae stramineous beneath; mouth stra- mineous, palpi whitish, wings hyaline; a stramineous band on middle of dorsum of abdomen; legs stramineous, hind tarsi dusky. Length of body 2.5 mm zonarius 2. Second dorsal abdominal segment not separated from third by a deep transverse furrow, trilobed, rugose; mostly black with reddish legs; wings subhyaline 3 Second dorsal abdominal segment separated from third by a deep transverse furrow, the former segment not trilobed; mesopleural furrow wanting or shallow and smooth 4 3. Abdomen black above. Length 4 mm brevicaudus Abdomen mostly black; body 3 mm. long; lateral edge of first and second dorsal abdominal segments, yellow; third and fourth dorsal segments partly reddish stramineous; ven- tral portion of abdomen mostly reddish to yellowish stra- mineous solidaginis 4. Black; fore and mid legs, except coxae, almost entirely stramineous, all coxae black 5 Black; antennae brown; legs nearly as in congregatiformis and carinatus, but in addition the coxae and trochanters are stra- mineous; hind femora not brown at apex, hind tibiae red- dish stramineous, brown at apex; ventral portion of ab- domen mostly brownish stramineous. Length 4 mm. gelechiae 5- Fore and mid proximal trochanters more or less blackish.. 6 Fore and mid proximal trochanters entirely stramineous or reddish; second dorsal abdominal segment nearly as long as first; lateral edge of first, second, third, and fourth seg- ments more or less brownish stramineous, ventral por- tion of abdomen mostly reddish; trochanters, femora, tibiae and tarsi mostly stramineous or reddish; hind femora and tibiae brown at apex; hind tarsi brown. Length 3 mm brittoni 6. Basal half of abdomen yellowish beneath; third dorsal ab- dominal segment partly indistinctly punctate carinatus Basal half of abdomen blackish beneath; third dorsal abdom- inal segment partly longitudinally striate congregatiformis 202 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °M. (Hypomicrogaster) zonarius Say. °M. (Diolcogaster) brevicaudus Provancher. *M. (D.) solidaginis Viereck (new species). Type locality: Stafford, 24 August, 1905, on flowers of goldenrod (W. E. B.). M. (Microgaster) carinatus Packard. This is an American parasite of the cosmopolitan butterfly, (Pyrantels) Vanessa atalanta. *M. (M.) brittoni Viereck (new species). Type locality: Kent, 31 August, 1904 (W. E. B.). *M. (M.) congregatiformis Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 1 August, 1904, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B., P. L. B.). *M. (M.) gelechiae Riley. Parasitic on Gnorimoschema gallcesolidaginis. New Haven, 27 July, 1904 (P. L. B.). °M. sp. Parasitic upon (Pyrameis) Vanessa hunt era. Microplitis Foerster. Key to Species. 1. Clypeus blackish or black 2 Clypeus, antennae and mandibles reddish, palpi light yellow; tegulae and legs (except tarsi and hind coxae, which are fuscous) stramineous; anterior half of abdomen, except dorsum of first segment, stramineous; wings hyaline, areo- let subrhomboidal. Length 3.5 mm maturus 2. First dorsal abdominal plate wider or at least not narrower at apex than at base 3 First dorsal abdominal plate narrower at apex than at base, and at least three times as long down the middle as wide at apex 7 3. First dorsal abdominal plate a little longer down the middle than wide at apex, but always less than twice as long; propodeum with a distinct median longitudinal carina ... 4 First dorsal abdominal plate at least twice as long down the middle as wide at apex, parallel-sided, and black; antennae, mandibles and labrum reddish brown; palpi, legs, and more or less of under side of abdomen, together with a portion of the margins of first and second dorsal abdom- inal segments, reddish; claws blackish; tegulae reddish to No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 203 stramineous; wings hyaline, areolet quadrate. Length 3 mm mamestrae 4. Fore and mid coxae at least mostly stramineous 5 Fore and mid coxae as well as hind coxae mostly black or blackish; tegulae stramineous; first dorsal abdominal plate finely sculptured; color of legs and length as in Microgaster brittoni waldeni 5. Hind coxae stramineous or yellowish beneath 6 Hind coxae black or blackish beneath. Length 3.5 mm.. . actuosus 6. Scape blackish; length 2.5 mm.; body mostly black; antennae, labrum, and mandibles blackish, palpi whitish; legs red- dish, coxae, except at apex, hind metatarsus, and all claws blackish; tegulae stramineous; wings subhyaline, areolet quadrate ceratomiae Scape yellowish hyphantriae 7. Tegulae and coxae mostly black or blackish 8 Tegulae and coxae mostly or at least partly reddish, stra- mineous or yellow; scape yellowish; second dorsal abdom- inal segment not rugose; body mostly black; first dorsal abdominal segment laterally, and first, second, and third ventral segments, and second and third dorsal abdominal segments mostly yellowish or stramineous; antennae brown; legs stramineous to brownish, except hind tarsi, which are dark brown. Length 3 mm varicolor 8. Stigma entirely blackish; legs colored as in Microgaster brittoni. Length 2.5 mm quintilis Stigma only partly blackish, the greater part of basal half stramineous; legs, except coxae, which are black, and tro- chanters, tarsi, great part of basal half of mid and hind femora, which are brown, stramineous. Length 2.5 mm. melianae var. M. maturus Weed. °M. ceratomiae Riley. Parasitizes the larva of the four-horned sphinx (Ceratomta amyntor = C. quadricomis) which feeds upon the elm. It is also on record as a parasite of a Smerinthid larva. The cocoons are as in actuosus but ribbed. °M. mamestrae Weed. Parasitic upon the painted mamestra (Mamestra picta), the larva of which is especially destructive to cabbages and beets, though it eats a great many other plants. The cocoons are red- dish brown and ribbed. 204 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. *M. waldeni Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 23 June, 1905 (B. H. W.). *M. quintilis Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). °M. actuosus Riley. Reared from Ceratomia amyntor. Cocoons in masses, without ribs, and arranged like the cells in a honeycomb. M. hyphantriae Ashmead. Reared from Hyphantria cunea and from a Noctuid larva on apple leaves ; the former record is by Prof. S. A. Forbes, the latter by Dr. George Dimmock. *M. varicolor Viereck (new species). Type locality: Putnam, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). M. melianae Viereck, var. The typical form of this species has been reared from the fifth-stage caterpillar of Meliana albilinea by Mr. R. L. Webster at Ames, Iowa. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °M. Sp. A parasite of the army worm, (Leucania, Heliophila) Cirphis unipuncta. Microbracon Ashmead. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen not sculptured or virtually sculptureless, second segment without furrows; dorsulum at least partly black; propodeum without a median longitudinal carina or sculp- ture from base to middle or beyond ' 2 Abdomen more or less sculptured 3 2. Dorsulum entirely black, all femora more or less black or blackish, hind femora with apical half stramineous wawequa Dorsulum partly reddish sebequanash 3. Abdominal sculpture not confined to first, second, and third dorsal segments 4 Abdominal sculpture confined to first and second dorsal seg- ments j 20 4. Propodeum sculptured or carinate from base to apex 5 Propodeum neither sculptured nor carinate from base to apex Q 5. Propodeum sculptured all over 6 Propodeum not sculptured all over, but with a carina or sculp- ture from base to middle or beyond; fifth dorsal abdom- NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 205 inal segment granular or lineolate, dorsal segments finely granular, not thickened or leathery; apical half of abdo- men mostly brown; head blackish above; body mostly reddish stramineous 8 6. Mesopleurae not sculptured throughout 7 Mesopleurae sculptured throughout quinnipiacorum 7. Depressed portion of mesopleurae or episternauli not sculp- tured; abdomen yellowish throughout beyond second seg- ment; scape black above podunkorum Depressed portion of mesopleurae or episternauli sculptured; scape not at all black nawaasorum 8. Dorsulum not blackish, but reddish like rest of thorax konkapoti Dorsulum blackish; body mostly reddish scanticonun 9. Second dorsal abdominal segment without a dark or black- ish mark at base and without a coarsely wrinkled basal median area; abdomen entirely pale, at least beyond first segment; fifth and sixth segments granular or lineolate, dorsal segments not leathery 10 Second dorsal abdominal segment with a dark or blackish mark at base 13 10. Abdomen not entirely pale, at least first dorsal plate more or less black 11 Abdomen entirely pale; propodeum in female with a carina or sculpture from base to the middle or beyond, in male without a carina or sculpture to middle dorsator var. mellitor 11. Thorax entirely black; propodeum without a carina or sculp- ture from base to middle 12 Thorax not entirely black; propodeum in female with a carina or sculpture from base to middle or beyond, in male with- out a carina or sculpture to middle dorsator 12. Head entirely black; fore and mid coxae black . . . connecticutorum Head not entirely black; fore and mid coxae reddish brown massasoit 13. Apical half of abdomen entirely or mostly pale, stramineous or yellowish 14 Apical half of abdomen mostly brown or blackish 15 14. Propodeum without a carina or sculpture from base to middle montowesei Propodeum with a carina or sculpture from base to middle or beyond dorsator var. lixi 15. Dorsulum not entirely black; scape blackish 16 Dorsulum entirely black 18 16. Propodeum with a carina or sculpture from base to middle or beyond 17 206 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Propodeum without a carina or sculpture to middle; third dorsal abdominal segment yellowish at base and down the middle dorsator var. variabilis 17. Thorax mostly stramineous dorsator Thorax mostly black dorsator var. aequalis 18. Second dorsal abdominal segment apparently three times as wide at apex as long down the middle 19 Second dorsal abdominal segment apparently only twice as wide at apex as long down the middle; propodeum with a median carina or sculpture from base to middle or be- yond canadensis 19. Abdomen delicately sculptured; mesopleurse partly reddish brown 20 Abdomen coarsely sculptured, second segment mostly black; mesopleurae black; propodeum with a carina or sculpture from base to middle or beyond metacomet 20. Propodeum with a carina or sculpture from base to middle or beyond hobomok Propodeum without a carina or sculpture from base to mid- dle montowesei 21. Femora mostly stramineous; propodeum without a carina or sculpture from base to apex; first dorsal abdominal seg- ment black, except membranous part of first segment, which is pale 22 Femora mostly black or blackish, apical half of fore femora and fore tibiae beneath stramineous; body mostly black; propodeum without a carina or sculpture from base to mid- dle; abdomen more or less pale, fifth and following seg- ments dark, blackish or dark brown; mouth pale, palpi black or blackish vernoniae 22. Abdomen mostly reddish yellow above; propodeum v/ith a carina or sculpture from apex to middle or beyond. . gastroideae Abdomen almost entirely black above; propodeum with a carina or sculpture from apex to middle or beyond uncas *M. wawequa Viereck (new species). Head and thorax black ; length less than 4 mm. ; first dorsal abdominal segment black or mostly , black ; second, third and fourth dorsal abdominal segments mostly brown, remainder of dorsum of abdomen mostly black. Type locality: New Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). *M. sebequanash Viereck (new species). Body mostly brown ; head and thorax blackish above ; length 2 mm. ; exserted portion of ovipositor about one-half the length of the abdomen. Type locality: New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 207 *M. quinnipiacorum Viereck (new species). Black color of abdomen confined to the first dorsal segment; head and thorax above partly black, mostly brown ; abdomen pale brown. Type locality: New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). *M. podunkorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 16 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). *M. nawaasorum Viereck (new species). Head and thorax above mostly brownish stramineous. Type locality: Branford, 25 July, 1905 (B. H. W.). *M. konkapoti Viereck (new species). Head mostly black, thorax mostly stramineous tinted with brown ; abdomen mostly pale brown ; legs mostly stramineous except hind femora, which are whitish on the basal half and dusky on the apical half ; palpi whitish. Length 2.5-3 mm- Type locality: West Thompson, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *M. scanticorum Viereck (new species). Head and thorax above mostly blackish. Type locality: West Thompson, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). °M. dorsator (Say). Bracon xanthostigmus Cresson. M. dorsator var. mellitor (Say). Length of body 2-3 mm. ; ovipositor with exserted portion about as long as the abdomen; stigma yellowish to brownish or cloudy yellowish or fuscous. This is an abundant variety, and occurs throughout the state in June, July and August. It is recorded as a parasite of the lesser peach-borer, (Sesia) Synanthedon pictipes, and is para- sitic on Sanninoidea exitiosa. °M. dorsator var. lixi (Ashmead). °M. dorsator var. variabilis (Provancher). M. dorsator var. aequalis (Provancher). New Haven, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). *M. massasoit Viereck (new species). Length less than 4 mm. ; head and thorax black ; abdomen almost entirely black. Type locality: Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). °M. canadensis (Ashmead). Opius canadensis Ashmead. 208 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. *M. metacomer Viereck (new species). Female : length 3.5 mm. ; face, mouth, malar space, lower part of cheeks, nearly all of fore legs, hind coxae, trochanters, femora and most of tibiae, stramineous. Type locality : New Canaan, 29 September, 1909. *M. hobomok Viereck (new species). Head mostly brownish stramineous ; thorax black above. Type locality: Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). °M. vernonise Ashmead. Head and thorax black; plate of first dorsal abdominal seg- ment, a spot at base of second medially, and ovipositor, black, second segment mostly stramineous like the third laterally, rest of abdomen mostly blackish ; all tarsi and the hind tibiae toward tips, dusky; body 3 mm. long; exserted portion of ovipositor 2 , mm. long. Hosts: Platynota sent ana and Eudemis botrana in seeds of Vernonia noveboracensis. °M. gastroideae Ashmead. Head and thorax black ; length less than 4 mm. ; first dorsal abdominal segment black or mostly black; abdomen with its lat- eral margins yellow ; a black blotch at base of second segment ; palpi and antennae black; legs yellowish red, tips of hind tibiae and tarsi dusky ; length 3 mm. Host: Gastroidea cyanea, a species of beetle that is repre- sented in the collection of the New Haven Experiment Station. *M. uncas Viereck (new species). Abdomen uniformly black above and polished. Type locality: New Haven, 15 May, 1905 (B. H. W,). *M. montowesei Viereck (new species). Female: abdomen with dorsum yellow except most of first segment and part of the second, which are blackish or dark brown ; body 3 mm. long ; ovipositor with its exserted portion about one-half the length of the abdomen. Male: abdomen dark brown except lateral margins of first dorsal segment and sutures between the first, second and third segments, all of which are pale; body 2.5 mm. long; legs mostly stramineous. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 200, Type locality: New Haven, 14 May, 1906, 6 July, 1904 (B. H. W.). Bred from the immature stages of a host in connection with the rearing of Priophorus acericaulis, which causes maple stems to be detached from trees prematurely. *M. connecticutorum Viereck (new species). Color nearly as in Habrobracon gelechice, but pale portion of abdomen brownish, the brownish color of abdomen occupying all the dorsum excepting most of first segment and a longitudinal blackish streak down the middle from the apex of second seg- ment to near the apex of the abdomen. Type locality: New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). Habrobracon (Ashmead) W. J. Johnson. H. gelechiae (Ashmead). Length 2-3 mm. ; head and thorax mostly black ; antennae com- paratively slender, the second joint of the flagel at least twice as long as thick, head with a yellowish or yellow margin along the upper and inner eye margins, mandibles yellow with dark tips ; coxae more or less black with brownish or stramineous tips, some- times with the apical half of the hind pair brownish, hind femora mostly stramineous or brownish stramineous ; abdomen mostly densely sculptured and dull, the first dorsal plate in the female not parallel-sided and distinctly wider at apex than at base, in the male hardly wider at apex than at base and parallel-sided ; second dorsal segment without furrows ; membranous portion of first dorsal segment yellowish; rest of dorsum black in the female, in the male blackish with the second segment entirely yellowish, or yellowish with a blackish stripe down the middle, and the third segment more or less yellowish. This species is on record as a parasite of (Gelechia) Phthor- imcca cinerella, and the American tent-caterpillar (Malacosoma americana) , and has been collected in West Haven, 27 June, 1905, West Thompson, 12 July, 1905, and Colebrook, 21 July 1905 (H. L. V.). Iphiaulax Foerster. Subgenus Monogonogastra Viereck. Head, thorax and propodeum black ; abdomen reddish or red, elliptical, not longitudinally striate, the second dorsal segment 14 2IO CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY, [Bull. sculptured with a basal median embossed area, the third dorsal segment without a median area or keel, the furrows be- tween the second and third and between the third and fourth dor- sal segments crenulate, the second to fourth dorsal segments much wider than long down the middle, the third dorsal segment with- out a punctate transverse subapical line. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen mostly smooth and polished 2 Abdomen mostly rugoso-punctate, exserted portion of ovi- positor shorter than abdomen augustus 2. Ultimate and penultimate joints of maxillary palpi stramine- ous; exserted portion of ovipositor longer than abdomen eurygaster Ultimate and penultimate joints of maxillary palpi black; exserted portion of ovipositor shorter than abdomen ....agrili °I. (M.) agrili (Ashmead). Brae on agrili Ashmead. I. (M.) eurygaster Brulle. Howard, Insect Book, PI. viii, Fig. 33. Parasitic on an unknown longicorn beetle taken in South Woodstock. Has been taken in and around New Haven in June, July and August. *I. (M.) augustus Viereck (new species.) Type locality: North Haven, 13 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). Coeloides Wesmael. C. pissodis Ashmead. First dorsal abdominal segment yellowish red, as is the re- mainder of the abdomen ; length 3.2 mm. ; ovipositor with its ex- serted portion 2.6 mm. long. Host: the white-pine weevil (Pissodes strobi), a very common beetle throughout the state, living also on Norway spruce. Rainbow, 191 1 (S. N. Spring). °C. scolytivorus (Cresson). Head and thorax mostly black ; abdomen and legs almost en- tirely brownish stramineous ; length 4 mm., exserted portion of ovipositor 5.5 mm. long. Host: hickory bark-borer (Scolytus carya). Atanycolus Foerster. A. simplex (Cresson). Howard, Insect Book, PI. ix, Fig. n. Length 1 1 mm. ; exserted portion of ovipositor as long as the No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 211 body ; abdomen reddish, its second dorsal segment with a median embossed area not attaining the apex and the sides of which form |Y. Wallingford, 15 June, 1913 (W. E. B.). °A. chains (Riley). Bred from Chrysobothris femorata. ALYSIID^E. The length and attachment of the mandibles in this group are something astonishing; when closed, their tips do not meet or overlap, as is the rule in almost all other Hymenoptera ; when open, they are turned out somewhat like hands with the palms turned out and up. According to our present knowledge of the parasitology of this family, its attacks are confined almost exclu- sively to dipterous larvae. Key to Genera. 1. Fore wings with two submarginal cells, first transverse cu- bitus always present; eyes not hairy; postscutel without a more or less perfect spine; first abdominal segment longer than broad; first branch of marginal vein distinct; second submarginal cell remote from stigma 2 Fore wings with three submarginal cells or with only two, but then without a first transverse cubitus; winged or with imperfect wings 3 2. Abdomen linear, longer than head and thorax, slightly com- pressed only at apex in female; marginal vein forming a regular curve 4 Abdomen oblong or ovate, not longer than head and thorax Dacnusa p. 213 3- First submarginal cell separated from second 5 First submarginal cell confluent with second. .. .Synaldis p. 214 4. Head extending above lateral ocelli; notauli not meeting posteriorly Ericoelinius p. 212 Head not extending above lateral ocelli; notauli meeting posteriorly Coelinidea p. 212 5- First transverse cubital vein shorter than second branch of marginal vein 6 First transverse cubital vein as long as or longer than second branch of marginal vein; first submarginal cell separated from first discoidal; fourth joint of antennae not longer than third; second abdominal segment smooth and with- out a transverse line; propodeum not carinate; furrow of mesopleura distinct, rugose or carinate; subdiscoidal vein 212 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. arising from or near middle of second discoidal cell; stigma short, oblong, receiving marginal vein beyond its middle Cratospila p. 214 6. First submarginal cell separated from first discoidal 7 First submarginal cell confluent with first discoidal Aphaereta p. 214 7. Fourth joint of antennae not longer than third; submedian cell of hind wings half as long as median 8 Fourth joint of antennae longer than third; submedian cell of hind wings less than half as long as median; marginal cell reaching to apex of wing Asobara p. 213 8. Stigma apparently wanting or absent, or else not thicker than costa Aspilota p. 213 Stigma elongate, attenuate, but still somewhat thicker than cOsta; marginal vein originating beyond base of stigma, the latter cuneiform Pentapleura p. 213 Coelinidea Viereck. Ccelinius Authors, not Nees. °C. meromyzae Forbes. Length 5 mm. Female: black; greater part of lower half of antennae more or less yellow, apical half mostly dark brown ; palpi pale, mandibles partly pale ; legs dark stramineous ; wings trans- parent, sometimes yellowish, veins and stigma brownish stramin- eous; second and third dorsal abdominal segments and ventral aspect of first segment stramineous to brownish stramineous; fourth abdominal segment and segments beyond this one, com- pressed. Male: similar to the female, but the abdomen not at all compressed. *C. occom Viereck (new species). Male: length 4 mm.; differs from the description of mero- myzcu given above as follows: antennae with the scape brown, pedicel paler, remainder dusky or blackish, palpi stramineous, mandibles very dark brown ; hind tarsi dark brown ; apical third of first and nearly all of second dorsal abdominal segments brown- ish, nearly all of venter blackish brown ; propodeum without a median raised line or ridge. Type locality : New Haven, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B.). Ericoelinius Viereck. *E. mahackemoi Viereck (new species). Male : differs from the description of Coelinidea occom given above as follows: mandibles partly yellowish brown, dorsum of No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 213 abdomen with the first segment black, succeeding segments more or less dark brown ; propodeum with a median raised line or ridge. Type locality: Branford, 24 August, 1904 (P. L. B.). Dacnusa Haliday. *D. sachemella Viereck (new species). Female : length 2 mm. ; black ; labrum and mandibles yellow- ish, palpi stramineous, scape and pedicel pale brown in front, rest of antennae dusky or black ; legs stramineous, tarsi more or less dusky, tegulae dark brown; wings transparent, with a yellowish brown cast, stigma and veins brown ; propodeum posteriorly with a median longitudinal fovea of an oblong, rounded shape and at least twice as long as wide ; propodeum and first dorsal abdominal segment rugose or rugulose ; ovipositor scarcely exserted. Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). Pentapleura Foerster. *P. foveolata Viereck (new species). Male : length 1.5-2 mm. ; black ; mandibles dark brown ; palpi blackish stramineous, antennae mostly blackish ; legs stramineous ; wings with a brownish tinge, transparent, stigma and veins brown- ish stramineous; mesonotum with an almost circular fovea pos- teriorly; propodeum above with a median longitudinal ridge or raised line and with a similar raised line on each side of the pro- podeum. Type locality: New Haven, 21 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). Aspilota Fcerster. *A. ephemera Viereck (new species). Male : length 1 mm. ; black ; mandibles, palpi, scape, pedicel, legs, and first abdominal segment all more or less pale stramin- eous, flagel blackish ; wings transparent, tinted with brownish, veins blackish stramineous ; abdomen beyond first segment dark blackish brown. Type locality: New Haven, 23 June, 1904 (H. L. V.). Asobara Foerster. *A. lineata Viereck (new species). Female : length 2 mm. ; head and thorax mostly black, man- j dibles yellowish, margined with brown, palpi stramineous, scape 214 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. and pedicel pale brownish stramineous, flagel pale brown at base, dark brown to blackish beyond ; wings pale, with their veins pale stramineous; costa partly brownish stramineous; legs almost entirely stramineous ; abdomen mostly blackish ; exserted portion of ovipositor fully two-thirds the length of the abdomen ; propo- deum with a median raised line. Type locality: Putnam, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). A paratype of this species in the U. S. National Museum is from Algonquin, Illinois, and labeled " Nason, Nos., 130, July 23, 1895, and 4792-" Aphaereta Foerster. A. muscae Ashmead. In color this species agrees very well with the description of Aspilota ephemera given above, except that the thorax is mostly dark brown and the body is longer, i. e., nearly 2 mm. long o' a little longer; exserted portion of ovipositor nearly as long as the abdomen. Occurs throughout the state in July and August, and has been bred from the onion maggot by Mr. B. H. Walden. Cratospila Foerster °C. ridibunda Say. C. rubicunda Ashmead. Length 4-6 mm.; mostly reddish; head black; antennae and legs blackish, mandibles more or less brownish ; palpi dark ; wings deep brown ; female with the exserted portion of the ovipositor as long as or nearly as long as the abdomen ; male with its abdo- men above tipped with blackish. Synaldis Foerster. Key to Species. 1. First abdominal segment pale yellowish 2 First abdominal segment like remainder of abdomen, i. e., black; head and thorax black; length 2 mm.; palpi, scape, pedicel, mandibles, teguke, and legs, more or less stra- mineous or brownish stramineous, rest of antennae brown to blackish; wings transparent, faintly tinted with a dark shade; sixth to tenth joints of flagel hardly longer than thick; veins and stigma brownish to stramineous; exserted portion of ovipositor nearly half the length of abdomen incisa No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 215 2. Thorax laterally and beneath mostly brownish; abdomen beyond pale segment dark brown; femora and tibiae partly dark brown, otherwise colored much the same as incisa; nearly 1.5 mm. long; male with sixth to tenth joints of flagel at least as long as thick pygmaea Head, thorax, and abdomen, except as already stated, practic- ally entirely black; legs stramineous; otherwise colored about as in pygmcea; exserted portion of ovipositor fully two-thirds length of abdomen above or a little longer; length of body 1.5 mm. or a little longer (female) quinnipiacorum S. incisa Gahan. New Haven, 16 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). *S. pygmasa Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *S. quinnipiacorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). STEPHANID^l. In this small family are some of the most curious of the Ich- neumon flies or Ichneumonoidea. It seems to constitute a link between the superfamily to which it belongs and the preceding series of groups, or the Phytophaga. Key to Genera. Abdomen, at least in female, subsessile, its first segment not longer than the second; hind tarsi in female 5-jointed; hind wings with closed cells Schlettererius p. 215 Abdomen in both sexes petiolate, its first segment fully twice as long as the second; hind tarsi in female 3-jointed, in male 5-jointed; hind wings without closed cells Stephanus p. 216 Schlettererius Ashmead. °S. cinctipes Cresson. Length 14-19 mm. ; mostly black; thorax partly pale in color; the following parts whitish or white: labrum, a narrow band at base of all tibiae, and the apical third of the ovipositor and its sheaths, except extreme tip of each ; remainder of the legs partly stramineous, partly reddish ; wings pale fuscous toward tips and with an angular subhyaline band commencing at the base of the stigma, the apex of this band paler than the portion beneath the 2l6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. stigma ; exserted portion of the ovipositor about twice as long as the body. Stephanus Jurine. Megischus Brulle. °S. rufipes Say. Length 5 mm. ; black, with reddish legs, the hind tarsi, how- ever, dusky ; wings hyaline with a triangular fuscous maculation ; exserted portion of the ovipositor as long as the abdomen. BANCHID^E. Banchus Fabricius. Key to Species. 1. Species mostly black or yellow, or both 2 Species mostly reddish or almost entirely reddish; face, cheeks, tegulae, tubercles, mark on mesopleurae, scutel and legs, more or less tinged with yellow; wings more or less yellowish brown; apex of hind tibiae brown; spine of scutel about as long as third joint of the antennae, the latter mostly brown. Length 10 mm ferrugineus 2. Species black and yellow; wings brownish yellowish; face yel- low excepting two black marks fused together above an- tennae and a median black line extending from antennae to clypeus; antennae dark brown; thorax black, ornamented with yellow; abdomen black, with transverse bands of yel- low; fore and mid coxae mostly yellow, hind coxae yellow, brown, and black; rest of legs yellow or reddish and black- ish; spine of scutel longer than width of one of the ocelli. Length 12 mm cressoni Species almost entirely yellow; antennae brown; vertex with an imerrupted, blackish transverse line; hind tibiae at tips and tarsi brownish; wings almost clear, but tinted with yellow; spine of scutel about as long as the eighth joint of antennas. Length 9 mm pallescens °B. (Cidaphurus) cressoni Viereck. B. (C.) pallescens Provancher. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.). B. (C.) ferrugineus Provancher. Torrington, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 17 June, 1911 (A. B. C). BRACONID^E. Key to Genera. I. Clypeus not emarginate so as to form a semicircular opening with mandibles 2 NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 2\J Clypeus emarginate so as to form a semicircular opening .with mandibles, occiput separated from vertex by a ridge or raised line; abdomen sessile or subsessile 24 2. Abdomen above with more than two sutures, sutures distinct 3 Abdomen above without a suture or at most with two super- ficial sutures, concave beneath 19 3. Second submarginal cell large, quadrangular, or wanting. . 4 Second submarginal cell small, minute, often imperfect; notauli distinct; marginal cell not reaching apex of wing 16 4. Abdomen sessile or subsessile 5 Abdomen petiolate 13 5. Fore wings with three submarginal cells 6 Fore wings with two submarginal cells 11 6. Anterior margin of marginal cell longer than stigma, mar- ginal and second and third submarginal cells distinctly defined 7 Anterior margin of marginal cell not longer than stigma .... 10 7. Hind femora thickened, sometimes toothed; head subquad- rate, vertex excavate, its fovea harboring the middle ocel- lus 8 Hind femora simple; head transverse, vertex not or scarcely excavate; middle ocellus not harbored by a fovea; abdo- men linear, longer than thorax, inserted above hind coxae Macrocentrus p. 219 8. Hind femora unarmed 9 Hind femora armed with a tooth beneath. .. .Helconidea p. 220 9. Basal joint of hind tarsi not longer than second, third, and fourth joints combined Helcon p. 220 Basal joint of hind tarsi longer than second, third, and fourth joints combined Eumacrocentrus p. 220 10. First branch of marginal vein shorter than second; sec- ond submarginal cell longer than first Ichneutes p. 221 First branch of marginal vein hardly longer than second; sec- ond submarginal cell shorter than first. .. .Ichneutidea p. 221 11. Anal cell of fore wings open at apex; marginal vein straight, its first branch long and distinct; ovipositor straight; first discoidal cell sessile, touching parastignoa; cubital vein arising from base of stigma Blacus p. 222 Third discoidal cell of fore wings closed at apex 12 12. Abdomen elongate, its sides parallel, showing eight segments above, the first much longer than broad Eubadizon p. 221 Abdomen short, sides rounded, showing at most only three or four segments above, the rest retracted, first seg- ment not or scarcely longer than its apical breadth Brachistes p. 221 I3« Fore wings with two submarginal cells or without submar- ginal cells 14 Fore wings with three submarginal cells Meteorus p. 222 2l8 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 14. First submarginal and first discoidal cells not confluent but separated; antennae not clavate nor geniculate 15 First submarginal and first discoidal cells confluent, mar- ginal cell semicordate, ending about half-way between stigma and apex of wing or nearer to stigma; antennae simple in both sexes Perilitus p. 226 15. Marginal cell semicordate, ending nearer to stigma than apex of wing, narrower than stigma, marginal vein curved throughout; with or without submarginal ceils; propodeum more or less sloping behind; ovipositor concealed Euphorus p. 224 Marginal cell sublanceolate, ending about half-way between stigma and apex of wing, broader than stigma; marginal vein straight near end, front wings with two distinct sub- marginal cells; propodeum vertically truncate behind; ovipositor exserted Dinocampus p. 225 16. Fore wings with three submarginal cells 17 Fore wings with two submarginal cells, first submarginal cell separated from first discoidal cell; mesopleurae with a crenulate furrow; face not rostriform Orgilus p. 226 17. Face not rostriform 18 Face rostriform; first submarginal and first discoidal cells more or less confluent Bracon p. 230 18. First submarginal cell and first discoidal cells more or less confluent; mesopleurae with a furrow; wings generally in- fumated Bassus p. 226 First submarginal cell separated from first discoidal cell; mesopleurae without a furrow; wings hyaline. .Earinus p. 229 19. Fore wings with three submarginal cells 20 Fore wings with two submarginal cells 23 20. Abdomen with only one segment visible above 21 Abdomen with three segments visible above 22 21. Eyes bare, first submarginal and first discoidal cell not con- fluent Ascogaster p. 23 1 Eyes hairy, first submarginal and first discoidal cell confluent Ohelonus p. 232 22. Abdomen beneath with two teeth pointing backward; recur- rent vein received by first submarginal cell, second sub- marginal cell not narrowed at base; mid tibiae simple Sigalphus p. 233 Abdomen beneath edentate; recurrent vein subobsolete, sec- ond submarginal cell much narrowed at base; mid tibiae externally gibbous Phanerotoma p. 2^^ 23. Abdomen above with only one segment visible Urosigalphus p. 233 Abdomen above with three segments visible ....Triaspis p. 234 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 2IO, 24. Fore wings with three submarginal cells; head not cubical, more or less narrowed behind eyes 25 Fore wings with two submarginal cells; head cubical, or out- side line of temples virtually in same plane as outside line of eyes; sutures between dorsal abdominal segments dis- tinct 27 25. Subdiscoidal vein not interstitial with anal vein, originating below middle of discoidal vein; abdomen sessile, almost always rugose, except apex, small smooth impressions visible on second and third dorsal segments; ovipositor short or concealed 26 , Subdiscoidal vein interstitial with anal vein, or originating above middle of discoidal vein; median and submedian cells of equal length or nearly of equal length on median vein; antennae more than 12-jointed and much longer than head and thorax; suture between second and third segments superficial; recurrent vein received by second submarginal cell, which is much narrowed at base Hormius p. 236 26. Suture between second and third segment obsolete; second submarginal cell trapezoidal; abdomen not longer than head and thorax, in female subcompressed at apex, oviposi- tor considerably exserted Epirhyssalus p. 235 Suture between second and third segment distinct, crenu- late; third joint of maxillary palpi not dilated, but simple; recurrent vein received by first submarginal cell; first branch of marginal vein shorter than second; sec- ond submarginal cell elongate, more than half length of first; fourth and following abdominal segments in female not retracted and concealed beneath third. .. .Aleiodes p. 235 27. First and second submarginal cells distinct, not confluent; marginal cell closed 28 First and second submarginal cells confluent; abdomen above showing more than three segments; hind wings with a stigma Heterospilus p. 238 28. Abdomen sessile, with only four segments visible above; ovipositor hardly exserted; recurrent vein received by first submarginal cell, hind wings without a stigma Polystenidea p. 238 Abdomen sessile, with at least six segments visible above; ovipositor elongate; recurrent vein interstitial; hind wings with a stigma Hecabolus p. 237 Macrocentrus Curtis. Key to Species. 1. Species uniformly stramineous. Length 6-8 mm 2 Head and thorax mostly black; antennae brown, except first and second joints, which, like legs and venter of abdo- 220 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. men, are stramineous; dorsum of abdomen black, except third dorsal segment, which is nearly orange in color .... pyraustae 2. Antennae stramineous uniformis Antennae blackish or brownish delicatus *M. pyraustae Viereck (new species). Length 5 mm. ; exserted portion of ovipositor 5.5 mm. long. Type locality: Westville. Bred from a lot of material from which the fern leaf -roller (Pyrausta theseusalis) was reared, upon which it is probably parasitic. 14 July, 1900 (W. E. B.). °M. delicatus Cresson. This species has been bred from tortricid larvae, and is an American parasite of the cosmopolitan codling moth (Carpo- capsa pomonella). °M. ? uniformis Provancher. Helconidea Viereck. Helcon Authors, not Nees. Type : Helcon (Equator Nees. °H. ligator (Say). Bracon ligator Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. viii, Fig. 41 {Helcon ligatus). Length 9 mm. ; black ; abdomen and legs rufous, tarsi blackish at tips ; antennae with a white annulus beyond the middle on the female; wings hyaline, veins fuscous; hind tibiae fuscous, their tarsi whitish ; exserted portion of ovipositor blackish. Eumacrocentrus Ashmead. °E. americanus (Cresson). Length 14 mm. ; mostly black, except the legs, which are red- dish brown stramineous; exserted portion of ovipositor about three times the length of the body ; antennae about 12 mm. long. Helcon Nees. Gymnoscclus Foerster. °H. pedalis (Cresson). Length 12 mm. ; antennae about 8 mm. in length ; exserted por- tion of ovipositor 10 mm. long ; color approximately as in Euma- crocentrus americanus, except the femora, tibiae and tarsi of the hind legs, which are all mostly blackish. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 221 Ichneutes Nees. °I. fulvipes Cresson. Length 3.5 mm. ; head and thorax almost entirely black ; abdo- men black and blackish red; legs, tubercles, tegulae, and palpi stramineous ; antennae brown. Ichneutidea Ashmead. I. secunda Rohwer. Length 3-4 mm. ; colored to a great extent like Cardiochiles viator as described above (p. 183), except that the reddish color is replaced by stramineous. New Haven, 30 July, 4 August, 1909 (B. H. W.). Eubadizon Nees. E. lithocolletidis Viereck. Length 2 mm. ; head, thorax, and abdomen stramineous tinged with brown ; antennae brownish ; legs paler than the body except the apical joints of the tarsi, which are blackish ; stigma stramin- eous ; veins dark ; exserted portion of the ovipositor as long as the abdomen or nearly as long. West Hartford, 29 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). E. americanus Cresson. Length 4.5-5 mm. ; black ; shining ; mandibles and palpi pale stramineous ; antennae brown-black ; tegulae and basal wing veins pale honey-yellow; wings faintly dusky; legs, including coxae, honey-yellow ; tarsi and hind tibiae, except at base, blackish ; exserted portion of ovipositor longer than the body. Brachistes Wesmael. Calyptus Authors, not Haliday. B. tibiator (Cresson). Length 2.5 mm. ; black, shining ; clypeus, except at base, and mandibles fulvous ; palpi white ; antennae brown to black above, fulvo-stramineous beneath; tegulae and veins at base of wings honey-yellow ; wings hyaline ; legs mostly pale luteous. Parasitic on the strawberry weevil {Anthonomus signatus). 222 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. B. magdali (Cresson). Length 3.5-5 mm. ; black and shining ; tegulge, base of anten- nae, palpi and legs stramineous ; exserted portion of the oviposi- tor as long as the abdomen. Parasitic on the weevil (Magdalis olyra). Blacus Nees. °B. lactucaphis (Fitch). Aphidius laciucaphis Fitch. Male: length 1.5 mm.; castaneous and shining except as fol- lows; mouth mostly stramineous, antennae and legs mostly brownish; abdomen blackish apically ; propodeum and first dor- sal abdominal segment rugulose or reticulated. Meteorus Haliday. The species of this genus spin ovoid, brownish cocoons, from which the adult emerges at one end by pushing off a cap that sometimes remains attached as if by a hinge after the emergence of the imago ; the opposite end is in some species provided with a long silken thread which serves to suspend the cocoon from a twig or some other support out of harm's way. Key to Species. 1. First dorsal abdominal segment with a fossa on each side between spiracles and base of petiole; greatest diameter of lateral ocellus equal or very nearly equal to ocellocular line, or at least more than half as long as ocellocular line, ocelli large; dorsum of propodeum with only one kind of sculpture 2 First dorsal abdominal segment without a fossa on each side between spiracles and base of petiole 6 2. Lateral ocelli with greatest diameter not as long as ocell- ocular line 3 Lateral ocelli with greatest diameter as long as ocellocular line indagator 3. First dorsal abdominal segment striate down middle 4 First dorsal abdominal segment not striate down middle; stigma pale only at base archipsidis 4. Narrowest part of petiole nearly parallel-sided, without a prominent carina along its upper margin, and mostly blackish 5 Narrowest part of petiole not at all parallel-sided, with a prominent carina along its upper margin, and mostly pale communis No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 223 5. Postpetiole mostly pale; propodeum and scapulae stramineous petiolariferus Postpetiole black; propodeum and scapulae blackish . . . .pretiosus 6. Greatest diameter of lateral ocelli distinctly shorter than ocellocular line 7 Greatest diameter of lateral ocelli at least as long as ocellocu- lar line hyphantriae 7. Postpetiole distinctly, closely striate 8 Postpetiole indistinctly striate, some of the striae separated by broad polished spaces vulgaris 8. Body more or less black or blackish 9 Body almost entirely reddish stramineous exareolatus 9. Petiole stramineous or brownish stramineous versicolor Petiole black dimidiatus M. indagator (Riley). Length 4.5 mm. ; propodeum black, as is the first abdominal segment; tarsi, especially at their tips, slightly dusky; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as the abdomen. A parasite bred from Acrobasis on barberry. New Haven, 27 June, 191 3 (L. B. Ripley). °M. archipsidis Viereck. Parasitic on Archips argyrospila. *M. communis (Cresson). Tibiae and tarsi pale yellowish stramineous ; propodeum with no basal area, but with a median longitudinal ridge on the basal half ; exserted portion of ovipositor about half the length of the abdomen. May be found throughout the state, where it has been taken in June, July and October (H. W. W., H. L. V.). Parasitizes the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leacostigma), Pyrausta penitalis, Lithocolletis robiniella and Datana integer- rinta. *M. petiolariferus Viereck (new species). Male: propodeum with a median longitudinal carina on the basal half and a petiolarea on the apical half. Type locality: Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *M. pretiosus Viereck (new species). In color like communis except vertex and scapulae, which are stained with blackish ; propodeum and petiole blackish ; an- tennae brown. 224 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Type locality: Yalesville, where it was collected 19 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). Has also been taken in Cheshire, 8 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). M. hyphantriae Riley. Tips of hind tibiae dark ; propodeum blackish. This is a primary parasite of the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leucostigma) , also parasitic on the fall web worm. Occurs throughout the state from July to September in- clusive (H. L. V.). (See Fig. 247, Smith's "Insects of New Jersey"). °M. vulgaris (Cresson). Length 4 mm. ; propodeum and basal segment of abdomen tinged with blackish, rest of abdomen brown ; thorax reddish ; head and antennae brownish stramineous ; legs stramineous ; wings clear. Recorded as a parasite on Omphalocera cariosa and Tetra- lopha platanella. *M. exareolatus Viereck (new species). Male. Type locality: Rockville, taken 23 August, *i 905 (H. L. V.). °M. versicolor (Wesmael). Parasitic on the brown-tail moth (Euproctis chrysorrJuxa) , and has been imported from Europe into the State of Massa- chusetts to combat this species. M. dimidiatus (Cresson). Head partly, thorax almost wholly black or blackish ; basal and apical third of abdomen black or blackish ; middle third of abdomen and legs usually mostly stramineous. Specimens taken in Connecticut by the writer indicate that this species occurs throughout the state from June to August in- clusive. It is recorded as a parasite of Feltia subgothica. Euphorus Nees. Key to Species. Length 3 mm; black; face dull, pubescent with silvery hairs; clypeus and mandibles mostly reddish; greater part of legs pale stramineous; wings clear; abdomen partly brown- ish mellipes No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 225 Length 4 mm; black; head pale yellowish red; occiput and a spot enclosing ocelli black; antennae entirely black; legs dull reddish, coxae black, tips of hind tibiae and more or less of hind tarsi dusky; wings faintly dusky, veins and stigma fuscous; abdomen rufo-piceous sculptus E. mellipes Cresson. Peristenus mellipes Ashmead. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °E. sculptus Cresson. Dinocampus sculptus Ashmead. Parasitic on the adult of Megilla fuscilabris. Dinocampus Foerster. *D. pyri Viereck (new species). Length 3 mm. ; head brownish stramineous, except face, which is yellowish ; antennae dark brown, scape, however, brown- ish stramineous in front; thorax black or blackish, prothorax brownish ; tegulse brownish, costa brown, stigma, radius, and greater part of transverse cubitus brownish stramineous, remain- ing veins pale, membrane of wings clear; propodeum rugose, with a short, median, longitudinal raised line on its basal fourth ; in addition to this there is an imperfect areola, which is conflu- ent with an equally imperfect petiolarea ; legs stramineous, tinted with brown, apical tarsal joint and claws dark brown; petiole of abdomen black or blackish, color of the rest of the abdomen merging from blackish to brownish stramineous, exserted portion of ovipositor nearly half the length of the abdomen. Type locality : New Haven, collected 26 May, 1904, on flowers of the chokeberry (Pyrus arbutifolia) (H. L. V.). D. americanus Riley. Length 3.5 mm.; black; antennae dark, pedicel and first joint of flagel sometimes yellowish; head mostly fulvous; mid and hind coxse black, remainder of legs mostly stramineous; wings hyaline, stigma dark brown, veins somewhat lighter; abdomen mostly dark fulvous to castaneous. This species is parasitic upon the adults of two beneficial lady-bird beetles, namely, Megilla fuscilabris (M. maculata), the food of which includes pollen, fungus spores, plant lice, and other soft insects, and Coccinella novemnotata, the species reputed to be the most general feeder on plant lice of all kinds. 15 226 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Perilitus Nees. This genus may be found in this State. Orgilus Haliday. Key to Species. Length 3 mm.; honey-yellow; disk of propodeum and inter- ocellar area black; flagel dusky brownish; a spot at apex of hind femora, hind tibiae except a white annulus at base, and hind tarsi, fuscous; wings hyaline, stigma and veins brown kearf otti Length 4 mm.; black; scape brown in front, flagel very dark brown, mandibles brown, but paler than scape in front; fore and mid coxae mostly brownish red, hind coxae mostly black, tipped with brownish red; femora brownish red, apical half of hind pair mostly blackish; fore tibiae concolorous with fore femora, mid tibiae reddish brown, but with apical third dusky; hind tibiae mostly dusky or blackish; tarsi more or less dusky, those of hind legs blackish; wings tinged with brown, costa blackish, re- maining veins blackish stramineous, basal and median veins of front wings darker than the rest; abdomen with a reddish lateral margin to second dorsal segment and a basal reddish margin to third dorsal segment* detectiformis °0. kearf otti Ash mead. Bred from the moth Recurvaria juniper ella. *0. detectiformis Viereck (new species). Male : length 4 mm. Type locality: Scotland, where the type was taken on 1® August, 1905 (B. H. W.). Paratype, West Thompson, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Bassus Fabricius. Microdus Authors, not Nees. Key to Species. 1. Body almost entirely black. Length 3.5 mm 2 Body not almost entirely black 3 2. First and second dorsal abdominal segments brownish; coxae black; rest of fore and mid legs brownish stramineous; hind legs black, except a white annulus near base of their tibiae and a wide white annulus in middle of same; ex- serted portion of ovipositor a little longer than abdomen pyrifolii No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 227 Abdomen above practically entirely black; legs stramineous except tibiae and tarsi of hind pair, the former of which is mostly yellowish with two brown annuli, and the latter brown except base of first tarsal joint, which has a yel- lowish annulus; exserted portion of ovipositor nearly twice length of abdomen earinoides 3. Thorax mostly black 4 Thorax not mostly black but black and red; abdomen prac- tically entirely reddish 11 4. Abdomen reddish 5 Abdomen not unicolorous 6 5. Length 3.5 mm.; legs black, except brownish articulations, and tarsi and hind femora, which are reddish (male) erythrogaster Length 6 mm.; legs black; propodeum black; metapleurae partly reddish; ovipositor much longer than body . .perforator 6. Head and legs mostly pale; wings fuscous 7 Head mostly or entirely black; legs mostly pale... 8 7. Length 4 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor 4 mm. long; legs, except tarsi and hind tibiae, mostly brownish, hind tibiae with a dark brown annulus near their base and with their apical third dark brown; dorsum of abdomen black, except apical third of first and second segments, which is -yellowish stramineous brittoni Length 3.5 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor 2 mm. long; legs as in brittoni, but pale parts yellowish stramineous and hind femora with all but middle third dark brown; dorsum of abdomen blackish, except second and fourth segments and apical fourth of abdomen, which are yel- lowish to brownish stramineous discolor 8. Legs as in agilis, as described in paragraph below, except as noted in paragraphs 9 and 10 9 Legs mostly reddish to yellowish stramineous, tarsi of mid- dle and hind legs mostly brown, hind tibiae brownish stra- mineous, but with apical fourth brown and with a brown annulus near their bases; wings pale yellowish; dorsum of abdomen reddish, except apical third, which is black; length 5.5 mm; exserted portion of ovipositor 5 mm. long agilis 9. Legs colored nearly as in annulipes 10 Tarsi of middle legs stramineous; wings pale brownish; ab- domen with basal third dark reddish brown or blackish, its middle third brownish stramineous, its apical third blackish; length 4 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor 4 mm. long annulipes 10. Wings nearly as in annulipes; dorsum of abdomen blackish, except second segment, which is reddish brown; length 4 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor 3 mm. long . . winkleyi 228 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Wings pale, tinged with blackish; dorsum of abdomen with its basal fourth blackish, as is apical half of succeeding portion, rest brownish stramineous; length of body and ovipositor as in annulipes as stated above waldeni 11. Propodeum reddish I2 Propodeum black; reddish color of thorax confined to meta- pleurae; legs mostly black, except hind coxae and femora which are red; wings fuscous. Length 5 mm. (male) rugareolatus 12. Reddish color of thorax confined to metapleurae. 13 Reddish color of thorax not confined to metapleurae. 14 13. Hind legs as in rugareolatus, except tibia? and tarsi, which are brown; wings fuscous; length 10 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor as long as body < sanctus Hind legs reddish, except tibiae and tarsi, which are brown; wings fuscous; length 6 mm.; exserted portion of oviposi- tor 5 mm. long simillimus 14. Thorax mostly reddish; legs dark brown, except hind coxae and femora, which are reddish; wings fuscous; length 8.5 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor 11 mm. long imitatus Thorax reddish, except dorsulum.which is black, and scufcel and propleurae, which are blackish; legs mostly black, hind coxae reddish, their femora mostly brown; wings fuscous; length 4 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor 5 mm. long buttricki B. (Euagathis?) sanctus Say. Scudder, Butterflies of New England, Vol. iii, PI. 88, Fig. 10. There are at least two hosts of this species, as follows: the skipper (Nisoniades) Thanaos juvenalis, the larvae of which feed on wild beans and other legumes and on oak ; and another skip- per, Pholisora catullus, the larvae of which are known to devour goosefoot or pigweed (Chenopodium) and amaranth (Amaran- tus). New Haven, 28 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). B. (Bassus) discolor Cresson. Branford, 22 August, 1904 (H. W. W.). B. (B.) agilis Cresson. Has been bred from the larva of Pyrausta theseusalis, P. futilalis, Aristotelia absconditella, Archips rileyana, and A. infumatana. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Branford, 29 July, 1904 (P. L. B.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 229 *B. (B.) brittoni Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 23 August, 1906 (W. E. B.). *B. (B.) pyrifolii Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, where the type was collected on pear leaves, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °B. (B.) simillimus Cresson. On record as a parasite of Eucosma strenuana and Lixus scrobicollis. °B. (B.) imitatus Cresson. °B. (B.) earinoides Cresson. On record as a parasite of Tmetocera ocellana, Coleophoro cinerellaf, and Exartema malanum. °B. (B.) perforator (Provancher). Agathis perforator Pro- vancher. B. (B.) annulipes Cresson. Branford, 22 August, 1904 (H. W. W.) ; van, Sachem's Head, 1 August, 1904, on flowers of parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) (H. L. V.). *B. (B.) winkleyi Viereck (new species). Type locality: Scotland, 10 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). *B. (B.) waldeni Viereck (new species). | Type locality: Scotland, 10 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). *B. (Lytopylus) buttricki Viereck (new species). New Haven, 16 August, 1904 (P. L. B.). *B. (L.) erythrogaster Viereck. Mrophilopsis. Stafford, 24 August, 1905, on flowers of goldenrod (W. E. B.). *B. (L.) rugareolatus Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, taken 12 September, 1904 (B. H. W.). Earinus Wesmael. °E. limitaris Say. Length 7.5 mm. ; black, with legs mostly reddish stramineous ; hind tarsi brown, their tibiae with the apical half brown, the basal half mostly yellowish, with a brown annulus ; wings pale, with a brownish tinge; exserted portion of ovipositor as long as the abdomen. 23O CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. 6URVEY. [Bull. Bracon Panzer. Key to Species. 1. Wings with a triangular areolet 2 Wings with a quadrangular areolet 4 2. Reddish; wings fuscous; front vertex and occiput mostly- black 3 Black; fore and mid femora partly, their tibise and their tarsi wholly, brownish stramineous; hind femora brownish stramineous at tip, their tibise dark brown, with the ex- ception of nearly all of the basal two-thirds, which is brownish stramineous except for brownish annulus near the base; wings fuscous. Length 2 mm. (male) solidaginis 3. Legs blackish, hind coxae partly reddish, their femora red- dish, blackish at base; dorsum of thorax stained with black; length 3 mm. (male and female); exserted portion of ovipositor 3 mm. long .sassacus Fore and mid legs blackish, except coxae, which are reddish, and femora, which are partly brownish stramineous; hind legs reddish, except tibiae and tarsi, which are dark; dor- sum of thorax reddish throughout (male) branfordensis 4. Thorax black or red, or black with metapleurae and pro- podeum partly red 5 Thorax black and red; black or blackish, except metapleurae and propodeum, hind legs (with exception of trochanters, base and apex of tibiae, and all tarsi, which are black or blackish) and abdomen, all of which are red or reddish; wings fuscus; length 1 mm; exserted portion of ovipositor 3 mm. long semirubra 5. Thorax red; abdomen red; prosternum, fore and mid coxae and trochanters, fore and mid femora at base, hind fem- ora at apex, their tibise at base and apical half, and the hind tarsi, black or blackish; rest of hind tibiae brown; wings fuscous; length 7 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor 3.5 mm. long haematodes Thorax black, or with metapleurae and propodeum partly red 6 6. Abdomen black, except a reddish mark on each side of first segment; exserted portion of ovipositor more than 4 mm. long; legs more or less blackish yellow; wings blackish, with a rudimentary hyaline band in middle; length 4 mm.; thorax black tibiator Abdomen red; propodeum partly reddish; wings blackish; fore and mid legs black; hind legs reddish, with tro- chanters, bases and apices of tibiae and tarsi black; ex- serted portion of ovipositor shorter than the body, which is 7.5 mm. long liberator No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 23I *B. (Agathis) sassacus Viereck (new species). Visits flowers of goldenrod. Type locality: Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.). Another locality: Westbrook, 30 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). *B. (A.) solidaginis Viereck (new species). Type locality : Stafford, 24 August, 1905, on flowers of gold- enrod (W. E. B.). *B. (A.) branfordensis Viereck (new species). Type locality: Branford, 16 September, 1904 (H. W. W.). °B. (Bracon) haematodes Brulle. °B. (B.) tibiator Provancher. °B. (B.) liberator Brulle. B. (B.) semirubra Brulle. East Hartford, 9 August, 1904 (P. L. B.). Ascogaster Wesmael. Key to Species. 1. First discoidal cell of fore wings sessile 2 First discoidal cell of front wings petiolate 3 2. Black; antennae black at apex, red at base; wings hyaline, more or less obscure in middle; legs red, with apex of hind femora, apex of hind tibiae and tarsi black; abdomen with a reddish mark at base above, venter reddish to stramine- ous. Length 4 mm. provancheri 3. Black; antennae and legs mostly yellow; mouth stramineous, clypeus apically reddish, palpi whitish; wings transparent, tinted with brown, stigma and veins brown; hind femora and tibiae with apical third of former and apical half of latter brown, hind tarsi brown. Length 3.5 mm provancheri var. pallidicornis Black; antennae mostly brown, scape stramineous; legs mostly black; mandibles mostly stramineous, clypeus black; palpi blackish; propodeum with four prominent angular projec- tions; wings transparent tinged with brown carpocapsae °A. provancheri Dalla Torre. *A. provancheri var. pallidicornis Viereck (new variety). Type locality: Connecticut. Probably collected at Farming- ton by Norton. °A. carpocapsae (Viereck). Parasitic on the codling moth {Carpocapsa pomonella). 232 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Chelonus Jurine. Mostly black in color. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen above entirely black, except pubescence, which is silvery 2 Abdomen above not entirely black 5 2. Length 5 mm. or less 3 Length 7 mm.; mandibles mostly brownish, palpi brown; most of fore and mid femora, nearly all of their tibiae and tarsi, greater part of hind metatarsi, and basal two- thirds of hind tibiae, brownish stramineous sericeus 3. Hind femora not mostly black 4 Hind femora entirely or almost entirely black; fore and mid femora partly blackish, tipped with brownish yellow, fore and mid tibiae brownish stramineous, hind tibiae with basal and apical third mostly dusky, middle third mostly yellowish with an admixture of brown. Length 3.5 mm. fissus 4. Base of antennae pale yellow; legs pale yellow, except tips of tarsi, which are dusky; mandibles yellowish; palpi white; wings hyaline, pale yellowish at base, veins fuscous, .basilaris Antennae black throughout, mandibles castaneous tipped with dusky, palpi dark brown; wings smoky, blackish at base, veins black; femora and tibiae mostly reddish, except as follows: mid and hind tibiae and hind femora each with apical third or more dusky; coxae, trochanters and tarsi blackish. Length 4-5 mm. (female) : sassacus 5. Abdomen with two yellow areas at base above 6 Abdomen with a pale yellow band occupying basal third of its dorsum; length 3 mm.; palpi yellow; wings hyaline, stigma black; fore and mid legs stramineous, with their tarsi brownish black; hind legs black; trochanters, femora at base, and an annulus on their tibiae, stramineous; abdomen with two longitudinal carinae on basal third of dorsum .... basicinctus 6. Palpi dark brown or blackish; legs colored practically as in sassacus except tarsi, which are mostly brownish to dusky with hind metatarsi yellowish tipped with brown. Length 3-4 mm. (female) konkaputus Palpi stramineous, pale; legs practically as in preceding species except second joint of hind tarsi, which is mostly yellowish and tipped with a brown annulus, as are hind metatarsi; abdomen with a maroon-colored dot on each side of apical fifth of its carapace-like shield (male) mysticorum NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 233 °C. (Chelonus) sericeus (Say). *C. (C.) konkaputus Viereck (new species). Type locality : New Haven, 4, 6 July, 1904. *C. (C.) sassacus Viereck (new species). Type locality: Woodmont, 9 July, 1904 (P. L. B.). °C. (C?) basilaris Say. C. (Chelonella) fissus Provancher. Stafford, 24 August, 1905, on flowers of goldenrod; West- ville, 4 July, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 20. July, 1904 (B. H. W.). °C. (C.) basicinctus Provancher. *C. mysticorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 20 July, 1905 (B. H. W.). Sigalphus Latreille. Sphceropyx Illiger. S. bicolor (Cresson). Phanerotoma bicolor Cresson. Length 6.5-7 mm- 5 black; wings strongly brownish; propo- deum stramineous, red or black ; abdomen red and with two dis- tinct parallel carinae on its first dorsal segment; propodeum also with two distinct parallel carinae. Mt. Carmel, 23 June, 1902, one specimen of the variety with black propodeum (E. J. S. M.). Parasites emerging in March and April, 1912, from a larva, probably of the genus Hetero- campa, collected at Yalesville, 12 October, 191 1 (W. E. B.). Phanerotoma Wesmael. °P. tibialis Haldeman. Length 4 mm. ; dark fuscous ; head, mesonotum, first and sec- ond dorsal abdominal segments in their middle, ovipositor be- neath, and legs, flavous ; antennae yellowish, their base and apex pale fuscous ; ovipositor exserted. Parasitic on Grapholitha caryana. Urosigalphus Ashmead. Key to Species. Apex of abdomen with two processes farther apart than they are long; fore and mid legs mostly brown or brownish; 234 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. hind coxae, trochanters, and femora black or blackish, their tibia? pale brown beneath, dark brown above, their tarsi dark brown or dusky; exserted portion of ovipositor nearly as long as abdomen; rest of body mostly black or entirely black. Length 2.5 mm. (female) mohawkorum Apex of abdomen without processes; head and thorax mostly black; coxae and trochanters brown; fore and mid legs mostly brownish stramineous, hind legs with rather red- dish femora and rather dusky tibiae and tarsi; abdomen a kind of maroon color throughout; exserted portion of ovipositor nearly two-thirds length of abdomen. Length 3.5 mm. (female) wampanoagorum *U. mohawkorum Viereck (new species). Related to U. femoratus Crawford. Type locality: New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). *U. wampanoagorum Viereck (new species). Related to U. robustus Ashmead. Type locality: New Haven, 19 July, 1904 (P. L. B.). Triaspis Haliday. Sigalphus Authors, not Latreille. °T. curculionis (Fitch). Length 3.7-4 mm. ; black ; labrum and mandibles brown, palpi pale yellowish ; antennae with scape and pedicel reddish, re- mainder of antennae black or dark brown ; joints three to ten of antennae sometimes with a reddish tinge ; legs pale reddish, with the upper part of hind tibiae and tarsi and sometimes the hind femora dusky; wings subhyaline, veins pale reddish, stigma black ; ovipositor longer than the abdomen. Larva white with translucent yellowish mottlings. Pupa whitish, length 4.2 mm. ; cocoons composed of one layer of closely woven yellow silk. Parasitic on the plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar) and on the potato-stalk weevil. (For an illustration see Chittenden, " Insects Injurious to Vegetables," p. 223, Fig. 143.) °T. curculionis, var. rufa Riley. Head, thorax, and most of first abdominal segment entirely reddish ; mid and hind tibiae dusky ; ovipositor three times as long as the abdomen. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 235 Epirhyssalus Ashmead. *E. atriceps (Ashmead). Rhyssalus. Length 2.5 mm. ; head black ; antennae mostly dark brown, first, second and third joints more or less brownish stramineous or pale brown ; palpi stramineous with a brownish cast, mandibles castaneous ; thorax and propodeum reddish, with a strong black- ish cast on dorsum of propodeum ; legs stramineous, except the tarsi which are more or less dusky; wings transparent, with a stramineous stigma, veins darker ; abdomen reddish to apex of third dorsal segment, black beyond and mostly blackish ventrally ; exserted portion of ovipositor nearly half the length of the ab- domen or a little longer ; sometimes paler and smaller. Parasitic on Archips rosaceana. Type locality: New Haven, 4, 7, 14 May, 1904 (H. L. V.), on flowers of gooseberry (Ribes oxyacanthoides) . One male 1.7 mm. long from Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Aleiodes Wesmael. Rogas Authors, not Nees. Type: A. heterogaster Wesmael. Wings hyaline, more or less tinged with brown. Key to Species. 1. Body mostly black; fore and mid legs reddish 2 Body mostly reddish or stramineous 5 2. Hind coxae, hind trochanters and femora, except tips of latter, reddish 3 Hind legs reddish throughout 4 3. First and second dorsal abdominal segments reddish; anten- nae fuscous; hind tibiae with greater part of basal half yellowish or whitish. Length 6-8 mm terminalis Antennae black; hind tibiae with greater part of basal two- thirds reddish brown; mid and hind tarsi dusky; greater part of first, second, and third dorsal abdominal segments reddish. Length 7.5 mm. (male) waldeni 4. Abdomen reddish, its apex more or less blackish. Length 8 mm abdominalis Abdomen with its first, second, and third dorsal segments reddish, its apex black; dorsum of abdomen covered with dense silvery pubescence. Length 7-8 mm lectus 5. Color of body not as in parasiticus 6 Head, propodeum, apex of abdomen, and tips of hind femora and tibiae black. Length 6 mm parasiticus 236 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY.. [Bull. 6. Color of body yellowish 7 Color of body dull or bright reddish 8 7. Color of body varied with blackish red; propodeum, part of pleurae, first dorsal abdominal segment except at tip, and sides of second and third dorsal abdominal segments, black. Length 4-5 mm intermedius Color of body dull honey-yellow, more or less varied with fuscous; third and fourth dorsal abdominal segments acic- ulated; eyes almost circular, not at all emarginate. Length 6 mm aciculatus 8. Dull reddish, thorax sometimes varied with fuscous; anten- nae of female pale stramineous, of male black, with a broad yellowish annulus; only base of third dorsal abdom- inal segment aciculated; eyes ovate, scarcely emarginate within. Length 7-9 mm .burrus Bright reddish, antennae dusky; third dorsal abdominal seg- ment not aciculated; eyes elongate, distinctly emarginate within. Length 7 mm rileyi *A. parasiticus Norton. Parasitic on Diprion abietis. *A. burrus Cresson. , Parasitic on Apatela hasta and A. lobelia. *A. waldeni Viereck (new species). Type locality: Stonington, 16 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). °A. rileyi Cresson. Parasitic on Apatela oblinita and Nephelodes violans. °A. aciculatus Cresson. °A. intermedius Cresson. Parasitic on the American tent-caterpillar, (Clisiocampa) Malacosoma americana, Apatela oblinita, A. americana, A. hast ilif era and A. dactylina. °A. lectus Cresson. A. terminalis Cresson. Parasitic on (Leucania, Heliophila) Cirphis unipuncta and Nephelodes violans. New KCaven, 23 July, 1912. °A. abdominalis Cresson. Hormius Nees. H. completus Provancher. Female: thorax brown, or reddish, only partly black, i. e., propodeum and sternum mostly black ; rest of thorax stained No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 237 with black, or thorax mostly reddish ; head and most of abdomen very dark brown ; the latter black at base, blackish beneath ; mandibles castaneous ; palpi stramineous ; antennae mostly brown, dusky apically ; legs stramineous ; wings transparent, tinted with yellowish brown, stigma stramineous, veins darker; exserted portion of ovipositor about one-fourth the length of the abdo- men ; length 3 mm. Male : mouth brown ; head mostly black ; otherwise as in the female. Rockville, 23 August, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 31 Oc- tober, 1903; Putnam, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Hecabolus Curtis. Key to Species. 1. Predominating color stramineous (female and male) 2 Predominating color black or blackish. Female: length 1.5 mm.; face, pleurae, cheeks, and legs dull stramineous; an- tennae pale; wings hyaline; veins and stigma pale fuscous; base and extreme apex of abdomen brownish; ovipositor with its exserted portion about as long as abdonaen, sheaths of ovipositor pale, tipped with black minimus 2. Length 1.5-3 mm. Female: cheeks paler than remainder of head, tips of mandibles black, antennae fuscous, pale at base; wings hyaline, iridescent, veins and stigma fuscous, the latter conspicuous; legs, including coxae, stramineous, ovipositor and sheaths stramineous, each tipped with black. Male: head, mesothorax, scutel, and apical margins of second and following abdominal segments blackish or fuscous, mouth-parts dull stramineous; otherwise as in female lycti Length 2.25 mm. Female: vertex, eyes, mesothorax, and scutel blackish; antennae slightly paler at base and be- neath; wings hyaline, veins and stigma pale fuscous; legs, including coxae, stramineous; tarsal claws black; third dorsal abdominal segment and following segments with a blackish tinge; exserted portion of ovipositor rather longer •than abdomen, blackish, basal half pale. Male: face and sides of pleura? dusky; cheeks, pleurae beneath, and pro- podeum dull stramineous; abdomen blackish at apex; other- wise as in female utilis °H. minimus Cresson. Parasitic on the larva of Trogoxylon parallelopipedum. 238 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °H. lycti Cresson. Said to be a parasite on the larva of the powder-post beetle (Lyctus striatus). °H. utilis Cresson. Heterospilus Haliday. *H. eurostae Viereck (new species). Female : length 2.5 mm. ; thorax mostly black, head and abdo- men mostly brownish, the latter brownish stramineous down the middle; first, second, basal half of third, and extreme base of fourth dorsal abdominal segments striated, a suggestion of a transverse furrow between the sculpture and smooth portion of the third dorsal segment; antennae 26-jointed; ovipositor some- what shorter than the abdomen ; related to H. aciculatus. Type locality : Stonington, 26 April, 1906, reared from galls of Eurosta solidaginis (B. H. W.). Polystenidea Viereck. *P. metacomet Viereck (new species). Female: length 1.5 mm.; black; first and second joints of antennae and mandibles brown, palpi blackish white ; legs stra- mineous, hind tarsi rather dusky at tip, as is the tip of the hind femora ; other tarsi colored about like the hind tarsi ; wings trans- parent, stigma stramineous, veins darker ; abdomen brownish beneath ; ovipositor scarcely extending beyond the tip of the abdomen. Type locality: New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). myersiim:. Thaumatotypidea Viereck. Petiole much longer than the propodeum, the latter with a more or less complete apical transverse carina. *T. spinulata (Strickland). Thaumatotypus spinulatus Strick- land. Female : length 4 mm. ; blackish, with fuscous legs ; with more or less erect, scattered hairs ; propodeum rather concave, with the apical transverse carina developed into a prominent projec- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 239 tion on each side of the concavity ; first abdominal segment nearly twice as long as the propodeum. Type locality: New Haven, 20 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). EVANIID^E.* Key to Genera. 1. Fore wings with but one recurrent vein in each wing 2 Fore wings with two recurrent veins in each wing 5 2. Fore wings, when at rest, folded longitudinally as in hornets (Vespa); hind wings without a posterior lobe; abdomen clavate and compressed; basal segment neither filiform petiolate nor strongly contrasted in form to second seg- ment (Gasteruptionin,e) Gasteruption p. 239 Fore wings not folded; hind wings with an almost sepa- rated posterior lobe; abdomen with its basal segment filiform petiolate, strongly contrasted in form to the re- maining segments, which latter together are compressed from side to side, oval, triangular or nearly round (Evaniin^e) 3 3. Fore wings each with a closed median cell 4 Fore wings each without a closed median cell Hyptia p. 240 4. Antennae inserted in a deep basin bordered below by a ridge. Evania p. 240 Antennae not inserted in a deep basin and without a ridge be- neath them Evaniella p. 241 5. Hind wings veinless excepting costa; claws simple Pammegischia p. 242 Hind wings with one or two closed cells; claws with two or more teeth " 6. Claws with three or more teeth beneath Pristaulacus p. 241 Claws with only two teeth beneath Odontaulacus p. 241 Gasteruption Latreille. Foenus Fabricius. Species of this and an allied genus have been bred from Crabro, Philanthus, Cerceris, Gorytes, Eumenes, Odynerus, Hy- l(£us, Halictus, Andrena, and still other wasps and bees. Length 11-12 mm.; mostly black; wings hyaline and with dark veins ; hind tibiae flattened, clavate. • The keys to the subdivisions of this group are mostly from the published work of Dr. J. Chester Bradley, our foremost American authority on this family. 24O CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. ' [Bull. Key to Species. 1. Exserted portion of ovipositor shorter than thorax 2 Exserted portion of ovipositor equalling or exceeding ab- domen in length tarsatorius 2. Medial mesothoracic lobe shagreened, not striate montanus var. incertus Medial mesothoracic lobe transversely rugose-striate. . .micrurus G. tarsatorius Say. Occurs all over the state, and has been taken in August on flowers of goldenrod (H. L. V.). G. montanus var. incertus Cresson. This form has the same distribution in Connecticut as the pre- ceding. It has been taken on parsnip flowers in July and August. G. micrurus Kieffer. New Haven, 30 July, 191 1 (A. B. C). Hyptia Uliger. H. harpyoidea Bradley. Male antennas filiform, female antennae thickened, not fili- form; metathoracic sides with close, parallel barring; length 5 mm. ; mostly black. New Haven, 20 July, 1904 (B. H. W.). Evania Fabricius. Mostly black. Key to Species. 1. Face nearly smooth, only inconspicuously and minutely punc- tate 2 Face coarsely puncto-striate urbana 2. Dorsulum, on each side, with a Y-shaped impression ..laevigata , Dorsulum, on each side, with an I-shaped impression appendigaster °E. urbana Bradley. °E. laevigata (Oliver?). This, i.e., Olivier's species, is said to be an American species, parasitic on the Oriental cockroach (Periplaneta orientalis). Dr. J. C. Bradley believes that all species of Evania have been intro- duced into this country. Olivier's Icevigata has generally been placed as a synonym of appendigaster. No. 22.] * HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 24 1 E. appendigaster Linnaeus. Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 1. Has often been bred from the egg-capsules of the cock- roaches. Evaniella Bradley. °E. semaeoda Bradley. Entirely or almost entirely black ; somewhat more than 5 mm. long ; face sparingly punctate ; thorax densely and coarsely punc- tate. Pristaulacus Kieffer. Key to Species. 1. Claws with four teeth beneath 2 Claws with only three teeth beneath; anterior border of pro- thorax rounded, toothless 4 2. Anterior border of prothorax rounded, toothless; thorax not hunched; wings mostly violaceous and with a yellow hyaline band beneath stigma fasciatus Anterior margin of prothorax toothed, or with a distinct spine 3 3. Medial mesothoracic lobe strongly gibbous niger Medial mesothoracic lobe not strongly gibbous flavicrurus 4. Body longer or shorter than in subfirmus, and legs differently colored 5 Length 13.5 mm. ; legs black subfirmus 5. Femora fuscous 1 6 Femora red; length 16 mm.; rest of legs fulvous. .. . resutorivorus 6. Length 14.5 mm.; legs rufous abbotti Length 10 mm.; legs yellow stigmaterus 'P. (Neaulacus) fasciatus (Say). 'P. (Pristaulacus) niger (Shuckard). °P. (P.) flavicrurus (Bradley). °P. (Oleisoprister) subfirmus (Viereck). °P. (O.) resutorivorus (Westwood). °P. (O.) abbotti (Westwood). 'P. (O.) stigmaterus (Cresson). Odontaulacus Kieffer. Key to Species. Abdomen with second segment and apex of first dull claret- red, rest black; hind femora and tibiae dark brown . .bilobatus Abdomen red; fore and mid legs reddish, femora dark brown abdominalis 16 01 01 01 242 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY.' [Bull. °0. bilobatus (Provancher). °0. abdominalis (Cresson). Pammegischia Provancher. Key to Species. 1. Vertex not at all transversely wrinkled; medial mesothoracic lobe not emarginate anteriorly 2 Vertex transversely wrinkled or reticulate 3 2. Frontal crest distinct; vertex punctate, more especially below; second joint of antennae as long as third; thorax stained with brown; legs brown and pallid; abdomen and head tawny. Length 4 mm l°vei Frontal crest indistinct; vertex polished and almost impunc- tate; second joint of antennae two-thirds as long as third; reddish tawny all over except apex of propodeum, which is brownish. Length 16.5 mm .ouelleti 3. Vertex transversely wrinkled, especially below, the wrinkles somewhat broken; occiput not distinctly wrinkled 4 Vertex coarsely and deeply reticulate all over; occiput smooth and polished; black; basal half of abdomen, except extreme base of petiole, red; legs brown, tibiae and knees pale ashmeadi 4. Body black and red; legs more or less yellow 5 Body tawny all over except sutures of thorax above, or entire thorax and vertex black. Length 10 mm burquei 5. Legs, beyond coxae, and face, tawny. Length 5 mm pallipes Legs beyond coxae brown; fore tibiae and tarsi and hind tarsi tawny. Length 7.5 mm xiphydriae °P. lovei Ashmead. °P. ouelleti Bradley. °P. ashmeadi Bradley. °P. burquei Provancher. Bred by Dr. A. D. Hopkins from dead branches of hard maple infested by Xiphydria abdominalis (albicornis) . °P. pallipes Cresson. °P. xiphydriae Ashmead. Dr. J. C. Bradley thinks this must be the female of pallipes. The species was bred from Xiphydria provancheri living in birch twigs. TRIGONALID^E. The habits of none of the North American species belonging to the family Trigonalidae are known, but the habits of some of No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 243 the South American species as well as of some of the European species have been partially worked out, and indicate that the species belonging to this family are either parasites on the larvae of Vespids, or hyperparasites of the Vespids, attacking the Dip- terous parasites of the latter. Key to Genera. Second cubital cell petiolate, triangular in outline Lycogaster p. 243 Second cubital cell not petiolate or triangular in outline Trigonalys p. 243 Lycogaster Schuckard. L. pullatus var. hollensis Melander and Brues. Almost entirely black, with the subtegular tubercule yellow. Length 11 mm. New Haven, July 20, 1904 (W. E. B.). Trigonalys Westwood. °T. sulcata Davis. Black, marked with yellow ; scutellum yellow. Length 7 mm. T. (Tapinogonalos) pulchellus Cresson. Black, with whitish marks, excepting the abdomen and legs which are largely yellowish, and the antennae which are black except for a whitish annulus. ICHNEUMONID^E. Key to Genera. 1. Wings present 2 Wings wanting Gelis p. 327 2. Fore wings with first abscissa of cubitus present, first sub- marginal cell not confluent with first discoidal cell 3 Fore wings with first abscissa of cubitus wanting, first sub- marginal cell confluent with first discoidal cell 4 3. Fore wings without transverse cubiti and with only one sub- marginal cell, the latter open Praon p. 259 Fore wings with two transverse cubiti and three submar- ginal cells, the first and second closed Ephedras p. 258 4. Fore wings with two recurrent veins 5 Fore wings without recurrent veins or with only one recur- rent vein Aphidius p. 259 5. First abdominal segment usually straight in profile, its spira- cles placed at or before the middle; if, as is rarely the 244 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. case, they are behind the middle, then abdomen com- pressed or club-shaped 6 First abdominal segment bent or curved toward its apex in profile, abdomen pedunculate and wider than thick, or depressed S 6. Ovipositor, when exserted, not nearly half the length of ab- domen, rarely longer than this, sometimes not at all ex- serted 7 Ovipositor, when exserted, at least nearly half the length of abdomen, which is sessile or subsessile and depressed; when abdomen is subsessile or pedunculate, as is rarely the case, then head is spherical or cubical; areolet triangu- lar or wanting, rarely pentangular 99 7. Abdomen compressed throughout or with posterior half com- pressed, petiolate, rarely sessile or subsessile; areolet in form of a triangle, trapezium, rhomboid or trapezoid, or else wanting; face in most genera covered with short, dense, appressed, sericeous pubescence 9 Abdomen usually broader than thick, or depressed through- out, largest toward apex, which is often subcompressed in female; elongate, fusiform, sessile or petiolate, in the latter case never with areolet pentangular; areolet irregular, triangular, or wanting, rarely pentangular 49 8. Exserted portion of ovipositor elongate, rarely but slightly exserted; spiracles of first abdominal segment as a rule nearer to each other than to apex of segment, which is in some genera scarcely broader than more basal portion of segment; areolet pentangular, quadrangular or incomplete; wings sometimes imperfect; sternauli .usually well devel- oped; gastrocoeli subobsolete or faint, or else entirely ab- sent 120 Ovipositor not, or only slightly exserted; basal half or two- thirds of first abdominal segment slender, its apex gener- ally much expanded, its spiracles nearer to the apex than to each other; base of second abdominal segment almost always with lateral fovea? or gastrocoeli; areolet pentangu- lar; sternauli and notauli usually wanting, never well devel- oped 128 9. Cubitodiscoidal cell receiving only one recurrent vein 10 Cubitodiscoidal cell receiving two or both recurrent veins; mid tibiae with two apical spurs; propodeum smooth or punctate 48 10. Abdomen sessile or subsessile, or, if subpetiolate, petiole not compressed but depressed; areolet rhomboidal; tarsi slender II Abdomen usually petiolate, sessile or subsessile only in a few genera 12 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 245 11. Tarsal claws pectinate in one or both sexes; abdomen sub- sessile; spiracles of propodeum linear; third discoidal cell not or but slightly narrowed at base, cubitodiscoidal vein straight and not broken by a ramellus; abdomen wider than thick or depressed in male, acuminate and acutely pointed at tip in female, with an oblique impressed line on each side of segments two to four above; scutel un- armed; body smooth and polished; hind femora short and robust, tarsal claws in male pectinate, in female toothed near tip; second joint of hind trochanters swollen at tip beneath; eyes not emarginated Ceratogastra p. 273 Tarsal claws not pectinate; abdomen subpetiolate; spiracles of propodeum oval; eyes entire; third discoidal cell nar- rowed at base, cubitodiscoidal vein much curved up- ward, and generally with a ramellus arising from it before its middle Exetastes p. 274 12. Hind femora without a tooth beneath 13 Hind femora with a tooth beneath; areolet wanting; hind trochanters shorter than their coxae Pristomerus p. 274 13. Marginal cell subtriangular or almost trapezoidal 14 Marginal cell lanceolate; median and submedian cells of fore wings not confluent 16 14. Spiracles of first dorsal abdominal segment situated beyond or back of the middle IS Spiracles of first dorsal abdominal segment situated before the middle , Orthopelma p. 275 15. Antennas remote from each other at the point of insertion; sternum wider than long; propodeum shorter than thick or high, third discoidal cell rectangular, scarcely narrowed at base; cubitodiscoidal vein straight Porizon p. 275 Antennae not remote from each other at the point of inser- tion; sternum longer than broad, propodeum scarcely or only a little longer than thick or high; third discoidal cell more or less narrowed at base; cubitodiscoidal vein arched above Porizonidea p. 275 16. Spiracles of. propodeum round 17 Spiracles of propodeum usually oval or elongate 42 17. Areolet small, subtriangular, subpentangular or wanting.... 18 Areolet large, rhomboidal; ovipositor and male cerci ex- serted Mesochorus p. 277 18. Clypeus with a suture or depression between it and face . 19 Clypeus with an imperfect suture between it and face, or completely fused with the latter 20 19. Abdomen sessile or subsessile, more or less broader than .thick or depressed; areolet oblique or wanting Plectiscidea p. 275 246 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Abdomen petiolate, compressed throughout, ovipositor straight; areolet wanting Cremastus p. 277 20. Propodeum not overlapping hind coxae to end of basal third of latter; mesosternum without a process on each side of mesosulcus or median longitudinal furrow of mesosternum; propodeal spiracles round or nearly round, or if elliptical then without a foveolate furrow on each side of the petiole 21 Propodeum overlapping hind coxae at least to the end of basal third of the latter Casinaria p. 268 21. Eyes not distinctly hairy; not distinctly converging below in female 22 Eyes distinctly hairy, distinctly converging below in female Cymodusa p. 262 22. Clypeus truncate or rounded along anterior edge, the latter edge not produced medially; recurrent vein usually re- ceived beyond middle of areolet 23 Clypeus with its anterior edge medially produced into a more or less distinct tooth, or with the same edge im- pressed on each side of middle; recurrent vein received before middle of areolet; first abscissa of discoidal vein usually distinctly longer than second; nervellus angulated below middle Sagaritis p. 262 23. Areolet normally wanting 24 Areolet normally present . . . ., 26 24. Nervellus angulated below middle 25 Nervellus not angulated, vertical; head not at all cubical, occipital carina at least as far below level of lower edge of hind ocelli as hind ocelli are from each other; lower angle of marginal cell not almost a right angle; costulae incomplete or wanting ; claws pectinate Campoplex (Dioctes) p. 266 25. Longitudinal axis of thorax not appreciably longer than ver- tical axis; petiole without a fossa on each side Campoplex p. 263 Longitudinal axis of thorax appreciably longer than vertical axis; petiole with a fossa on each side Casinaria (Pseuderipternus) p. 269 26. Nervellus angulated below middle, more or less branched; propodeal carinae well developed; areolet petiolate; clyp- eal foramina rather inconspicuous 27 Nervellus not angulate below middle, not at all branched ... 32 27. Costulae complete, well developed 28 Costulae incomplete or poorly developed 29 28. Petiole without a fossa on each side, not depressed, rather cylindrical, postpetiole bulbous Campoplex p. 263 Petiole with a fossa on each side; recurrent vein received No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 247 beyond middle of areolet; subdiscoidal vein wanting in hind wings; ovipositor hidden or at least not prominent. Campoplex (Ameloctonus) p. 266 29. Petiole without a fossa on each side near postpetiole 30 Petiloe with a fossa on each side near postpetiole Campoplex (Nepiera) p. 266 30. Greatest diameter of lateral ocelli as long as or very nearly as long as ocellocular line 31 Greatest diameter of lateral ocelli distinctly shorter than ocellocular line Campoplex (Bathyplectes) p. 263 31. Ovipositor hardly exserted ..Campoplex (Hypothereutes) p. 264 Ovipositor distinctly exserted Campoplex p. 263 32. Second abscissa of discoidal vein distinctly shorter than third 33 Second abscissa of discoidal vein as long as or longer than third 35 33. Costulae wanting, incomplete, or poorly developed 34 Costulae complete, well developed; petiole with a fossa on each side near postpetiole Campoplex (Hyposoter) p. 267 34. Abdomen conical at apex in female; petiole with a fossa on each side near postpetiole Campoplex (Angitia) p. 264 Abdomen truncate at apex in female; petiole with, at most, a punctiform fossa on each side near postpetiole Campoplex (Holocremnus) p. 264 35. Costulae distinct and complete; recurrent vein received in or beyond middle of areolet 36 Costulae indistinct or incomplete 39 36. Spiracles of first segment distinctly nearer to each other than to apex 37 Spiracles of first segment apparently as near or nearer to apex than to each other; petiole with a fossa on each side near postpetiole; areola and petiolarea confluent; hind claws not distinctly pectinate; lower angle of radial cell almost a right angle; ovipositor not prominently exserted Campoplex (Ameloctonus) p. 266 37. Petiole with a more or less distinct fossa on each side near postpetiole; lower angle of radial cell distinct, almost forming a right angle; hind claws distinctly pectinate .... 38 Petiole rather cylindrical, not wider than thick dorso-ven- trally, without a fossa on each side near postpetiole .... Campoplex p. 263 38. Abdomen truncate at apex, ovipositor hardly longer than apical truncature of the abdomen Campoplex (Ameloctonus) p. 266 Abdomen conical at apex, ovipositor prominently exserted Campoplex (Angitia) p. 264 39. Ocelloccipital line hardly longer than postocellar line; lower 248 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. angle of radial cell almost a right angle; hind claws dis- tinctly pectinate 40 Ocelloccipital line apparently one and one-half times as long as postocellar line; ovipositor hidden or at least not longer than apical truncature of abdomen; head lentic- ular, hardly produced beyond upper end of eye as seen in profile, almost vertical between hind ocelli and occipital carina; clypeal foramina and petiolar fossae distinct Campoplex (Ameloctonus) p. 266 40. Petiole with a fossa on each side near postpetiole 41 Petiole without a fossa on each side near postpetiole; female abdomen truncate at apex. .. .Campoplex (Hypothereutes) p. 264 41. Abdomen truncate at apex in female Campoplex (Ameloctonus) p. 266 Abdomen conical at apex in female Campoplex (Angitia) p. 264 42. Tarsal claws pectinate or not pectinate; scutel convex, its apex rounded, areolet usually present 43 Tarsal claws not pectinate 45 43. Spiracles of first abdominal segment placed in or before mid- dle; spiracles of propodeum oblong 44 Spiracles of first abdominal segment placed behind middle; head not inflated behind eyes; clypeus not separated from face by a suture; teeth of mandibles subequal. . Casinaria p. 268 44. Head not inflated behind eyes, the latter touching base of mandibles, which in turn are slender and provided with two unequal teeth at apex; propode.um without carina? or tubercles; spiracles of first abdominal segment placed be- fore middle Paniscus p. 280 Head inflated behind eyes, the latter not touching base of mandibles, which in turn are not slender and have two equal teeth at apex; propodeum carinate and tuberculate; spiracles of first abdominal segment in its middle Opheltes p. 281 45. Cubitodiscoidal cell receiving second abscissa of discoidal vein in middle, third discoidal cell narrowed at base 46 Cubitodiscoidal cell receiving second abscissa of discoidal vein before its middle; eyes not hairy 47 46. Hind tarsi with first joint about four times as long as second, apical margin of clypeus broadly rounded. .Heteropelma p. 285 Hind tarsi with first joint about twice as long as second; apical margin of clypeus truncate Therion p. 286 47. Third discoidal cell narrowed at base; apical margin of clyp- eus acutely angled or pointed Erigorgus p. 281 Third discoidal cell not narrowed at base; apical margin of clypeus truncate Paracanidia p. 273 48. Wings fuscous, stigma obsolete; clypeus at apex obtusely pointed; ocelli not prominent; thorax and legs not glabrous No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 249 but covered by short, rather dense pubescence; propo- deum truncated behind and rather coarsely rugose Thyreodon p. 287 Wings hyaline, stigma distinct, well developed; clypeus at apex truncate; ocelli prominent; thorax and legs glabrous; propodeum rounded behind, not rugose Ophion p. 287 49. Abdomen rarely coarsely and deeply punctate, if so, hind tibiae not provided with two spurs 50 Abdomen deeply and coarsely punctate or aciculate; scutel large, usually margined; hind tibiae provided with two spurs ; robust genera 98 50. Face not strongly protuberant, or if so, clypeus distinct 51 Face strongly protuberant and coarsely punctate; clypeus not defined or else small 91 51. Mandibles bidentate or toothless ; 52 Mandibles tridentate 88 52. Hind tibiae with two spurs; abdomen petiolate, or, if sessile, exserted portion of ovipositor shorter than abdomen or not at all exserted; hind legs not both long and thick; antennae not short and straight; mandibles not projecting forward and not forming a visible cavity with clypeus; head and clypeus normal, the latter usually narrowed and nearly elliptical; areolet not large and rhomboidal, quad- rangular, triangular or wanting, rarely an irregular pen- tagon; male without styloid projections; scutel not pro- vided with a discal spine, stigma present; ovipositor not or scarcely exserted, if prominently exserted, then lunulae present, otherwise lunulas wanting or at least not present on both second and third dorsal segments in same indi- vidual; propodeum not sloping directly from base S3 Hind tibiae without spurs, or at most with a single small one; teeth of mandibles equal in length 69 53. Tarsal claws not pectinate, or with only a few strong teeth at base, in which case clypeus usually extends from eye to eye 54 Tarsal claws pectinate 77 54. Abdomen petiolate, petiole at its base without a groove or carina, or the latter at least never prominent 55 Abdomen sessile or subsessile, with a plain furrow or sharp carina on petiole, seldom subpetiolate, but, if so, then al- ways with prominent carinae; eyes not emarginate within.. 66 55. Head not exceptionally enlarged 56 Head exceptionally enlarged; longer spur of hind tibiae shorter than second joint of hind tarsi; wings with an areolet Spanotecnus p. 292 56. Flagel 35- to 40-jointed, frequently thickened; petiole usually arched; in female last abdominal segments so recurved that ovipositor seems to lie on the back 64 25O CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Flagel not thickened; last abdominal segments of female not recurved as described in preceding paragraph... 57 57. Hind femora not thickened; ovipositor rarely curved upwards 58 Hind femora thickened; ovipositor curved upwards ......... Catoglyptus p. 291 58. Cheeks either punctate or shagreened, or both 59 Cheeks perfectly smooth, neither punctate nor shagreened; wings with an areolet Gausocentrus p. 290 59. Clypeus plainly divided by an elevation, face not narrowed beneath; second to fourth dorsal abdominal segments not twice as broad as long, first dorsal abdominal segment with a carina on each side, which extends from spiracle to apex; wings without an areolet, radius starting from middle of stigma; apical joint of hind tarsi not often curved, not as long as third, plainly longer than fourth; propodeum not or incompletely areolated. . Mesoleptidea p. 290 Clypeus, face, second to fourth dorsal abdominal segments and first dorsal abdominal segment as in description of Mesoleptidea given above; wings with an areolet 60 70. Last joint of hind tarsi either plainly shorter than third or, when as long, then not bent or curved 61 Last joint of hind tarsi as long as or longer than third, and plainly bent or curved; body and antennae long and slender. Hadrodactylus p. 289 61. Clypeus without an apical impression 62 Clypeus impressed before apex, finely margined; mesonotum and scutel shagreened and punctate Rogas p. 289 62. Clypeus not flat; second lateral area without a tooth-like projection 63 Clypeus flat; second lateral area projecting tooth-like; radius starting back of middle of stigma Oxytorus p. 289 63. Radius starting from middle of stigma; nervellus branched above middle; mesonotum shagreened and punctate Symphobus p. 289 Radius starting before middle of stigma; nervellus branched below middle; mesonotum and scutel smooth, punctate; an- tennae without a pale annulus Zemiodes p. 288 64. Propodeum areolated at base 65 Propodeum not areolated at base Polycinetis p. 291 65. Wings without an areolet Homaspis p. 291 Wings with an areolet; second dorsal abdominal segment with two median carinae at base Notopygus p. 291 66. Sides of first dorsal abdominal segment not or scarcely broad- ened as in Otoblastus 68 Sides of first dorsal abdominal segment broadened, ear-shaped at base Otoblastus p. 296 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 251 67. Fore wings with an areolet, cubitodiscoidal vein rarely branched; metapleurae not projecting tooth-like over hind coxae 67 Fore wings without an areolet or with areolet incomplete; mid femora without teeth, hind trochanters without a tooth beneath 75 68. Areolet very irregular, oblique, not rhombic 69 Areolet regular and almost rhombic; second and third dor- sal abdominal segments without oblique impressions .... Rhimphalea p. 296 69. Second dorsal abdominal segment without thyridia and with a carina not extending to spiracle; propodeum more or less areolated; nervellus branched 7° Second dorsal abdominal segment with distinct thyridia at base 72 70. Nervellus branched at or below middle; propodeum not com- pletely areolated; clypeus separated at base by an elevated margin; a sharp ridge extending from spiracles to apex of basal dorsal abdominal segment 71 Nervellus branched above middle; clypeus plainly separated at base by an elevated margin Otlophorus p. 295 71. Antenna swollen above middle, and with its segments broader than long and verticillate at apex Provancherella p. 295 Antenna slender, not strongly verticillate; petiole of abdomen longer than broad Synoecetes p. 295 72. Clypeus distinctly divided by a nearly median elevation, anterior half somewhat flattened and somewhat sloping, usually of a different color from the base 73 Clypeus without a distinct transverse median ridge; nervellus broken at or below middle; mandibles distinctly toothed at apex; areolet distinctly petiolate; third dorsal abdom- inal segment not distinctly longer than wide; mesopleurae without a posterior projecting tooth, propodeum more or less areolated, but not entirely so; clypeus neither com- pressed so that it projects like a tooth in the middle nor forming a flat triangle; first dorsal abdominal segment with two keel-like carinse which extend beyond spiracles Dialges p. 293 73. Front without a distinct tooth 74 Front above antennae with a strong tooth, face elongate, pro- jecting tooth not or but slightly concave, clypeal grooves not beset with long hairs Cosmoconus p. 294 74. Propodeum not regularly areolated, but with carinae, and polished; transverse carinae wanting, longitudinal carinae distinct and sharp Quadrigana p. 294 Propodeum more or less perfectly areolated; edge of anten- 252 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. nal grooves not elevated; clypeus without two small teeth at apex; teeth of mandibles distinct Tryphon p. 293 75. Second dorsal abdominal segment with distinct thyridia at base, propodeum not entirely areolated; clypeus without teeth at apex; apex of abdomen more or less slightly compressed; stigma not longer than marginal cell, areolet entirely wanting; mandibles toothed, lower tooth as long as upper; apical segment of hind tarsi shorter than third; base of discoidal cell as long as or longer than nervullus; malar line shorter than mandibles are wide at base; first to third dorsal abdominal segments not rugose, first not more than twice as broad at apex as at base; clypeus without a trans- verse row of bristles on anterior edge; sutures between first to third dorsal abdominal segments not deep; clyp- eus without lateral impressions; dorsulum, scutel, and first to third dorsal abdominal segments, shagreened; ridge of vertex not broken in middle; lateral carina from spiracles to apex of basal dorsal abdominal segments present; pro- podeum with more or less distinct carina? 76 Second dorsal abdominal segment without thyridia at base, or else they lie very close to the base and are quite invisible; nervellus broken at or below middle; propodeum not en- tirely areolated; ridge of vertex not broken in middle; base of discoidal cell as broad or broader than nervelus, areolet usually entirely wanting; clypeus emarginate, al- most semicircular on its anterior edge . . . . Sphecophaga p. 293 76. Basal segment of hind tarsi inflated Holmgrenia p. 293 Basal segment of hind tarsi not inflated; propodeum above finely and opaquely shagreened; clypeus more or less trans- versely impressed at sides of anterior margin, which latter is thereby elevated and more or less deeply emarginate centrally Mesoleius p. 292 TJ. Abdomen distinctly petiolate or subpetiolate 78 Abdomen not distinctly petiolate, more nearly sessile 81 78. Tarsal claws toothed with long and close-set teeth 79 Tarsal claws toothed with fewer, shorter or more distant teeth 80 79. Clypeus scarcely elevated above face, not compressed at tip. Rhorus p. 300 Clypeus distinctly elevated above face and compressed at tip ; wings with an areolet Ctenopelma p. 300 80. First dorsal abdominal segment much broadened behind spir- acles, following segments as broad as long; clypeus with- out a transverse ridge; propodeum distinctly areolated .. Sympherta p. 299 First dorsal abdominal segment only partially broadened be- hind spiracles, following segments not as broad as long; No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 253 nervellus not disappearing toward base; propodeum above not regularly areolated, and with only a very low, apical median area; distance between ocelli greater than ocel- locular line Eczetesis p. 299 81. Male antennae not broadly thickened in middle; ovipositor distinctly exserted , 82 Male antennae broadly thickened in middle; ovipositor not exserted Euceros p. 299 82. Basal dorsal abdominal segments without transverse impres- sions; antennae rarely thickened in middle 83 Basal dorsal abdominal segments with transverse impres- sions; antennae slightly thickened in middle and tapering toward apex Scopiorus p. 298 83. Femora not thickened, or, if so, clypeus not separated from face by a suture; groove of clypeus not covered with a tuft of hair . 84 Femora thickened; grooves at sides of clypeus covered by a tuft of hair; areolet present Erromenus p. 298 84. Clypeus elevated and separated from face by a distinct trans- verse furrow, or, if not, propodeum polished and without distinct carinae; tarsal claws not thickly pectinate at tip, but with comb-like teeth at base 85 Clypeus not distinctly elevated and separated from face; pro- podeum carinated Monoblastus p. 297 85. Vertex not separated from occiput by a sharp ridge; pro- podeum without carinae; areolet wanting; metatarsi en- larged; antennae longer than body Scolobates p. 297 Vertex separated from occiput by a sharp ridge Polyblastus p. 297 86. Tarsal claws not pectinate 87 Tarsal claws pectinate; margin of first dorsal abdominal seg- ment not hollowed out; areolet present; hind tibiae without a spur, subpetiolate; basal dorsal abdominal segment dis- tinctly broadened from base toward apex . .Exenterus p. 301. 87. First dorsal abdominal segment broadened ear-like at base, second dorsal abdominal segment at apex twice as broad as first at its apex Exyston p. 300 First dorsal abdominal segment not broadened ear-like at base : Anecphysis p. 301 88. Basal dorsal abdominal segment without a transverse im- pression ; areolet wanting 89 Basal dorsal abdominal segment with a transverse impres- sion; areolet wanting; propodeum with an apical trans- verse carina and a basal area, spiracles small and round; nervellus broken below middle Diplazon p. 302 254 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 89. Face finely shagreened, alutaceous or coriaceous; propodeum exareolated; cubitodiscoidal vein angularly broken and usually with a ramellus; nervellus very obtuse, angularly broken below middle Syrphoctonus p. 302 Face smooth and shining; antennae more than 20-jointed; clypeus separated from face by a suture; propodeum areo- lated; nervellus broken at or near middle .... Promethes p. 302 90. Scape elongated 91 Scape globular 92 91. Areolet present, outer vein of areolet often translucent; trans- facial line not much longer than facial line; notauli want- ing; nearly all flagellar joints in female longer than thick; second dorsal abdominal segment without transverse im- pressions Orthocentrus p. 305 Areolet wanting; epomia wanting 'on sternum; propodeum with basal area and areola confluent. .. . Brephoctonus p. 305 92. Abdomen petiolate, in some species broadly so, spiracles of first dorsal abdominal segment situated in or behind mid- dle 93 Abdomen sessile or nearly so, spiracles of first dorsal abdom- inal segment situated in or before middle, basal segment broad and short; propodeum usually areolated at base.... 94 93. Hind tibiae with a single small spur Periope p. 308 Hind tibiae with two spurs; areolet wanting; second joint of male antennae excavated Alcocerus p. 308 94. Second dorsal abdominal segment without a median carina. . 95 Second dorsal abdomiaal segment with a median carina .... Chorineus p. 308 95. First joint of flagel decidedly longer than second.. 06 First joint of flagel not or scarcely longer than second; pro- podeum with six areas Hyperacmus p. 305 96. Pleural areae of propodeum usually separated from each other by a sharp transverse carina 97 Pleural areas of propodeum not separated from each other by a transverse carina; areolet present Triclistus p. 307 97. Vertex separated from occiput by a sharp ridge Metacoelus p. 307 Vertex and occiput without a sharp ridge between them; pro- podeum with two median carinas Exochus p. 306 98. Face with a distinct shield; mid tibiae with two spurs; basal segments of abdomen pyramidal or oval above; ovipositor rarely visible Metopius p. 309 Face without a distinct shield; mid tibiae with a single spur; eyes distinctly emarginate; first, second, and third dorsal abdominal segments with parallel carinas; scutel margined Pseudometopius p. 308 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 255 99. Head transverse, cheeks usually not much swollen; abdomen sessile or subsessile 100 Head more or less cubical, spherical or subquadrate, more or less extended behind eyes, mandibles generally pro- truding and forming with the depressed mouth a kind of mouth opening; abdomen sessile or subsessile, rarely petio- late 115 100. Abdomen subcompressed (but never so that its dorsum be- comes carinate), and always broader than high or de- pressed at base; ovipositor issuing from apex of abdomen, last ventral segment long, lanceolate 101 Abdomen distinctly broader than high or depressed, some- times subcompressed toward apex in female 102 101. Areolet triangular, petiolate, receiving second recurrent vein at or near its tip; legs and antennae slender; clypeus with a suture between it and the rest of the face. . Coleocentrus p. 327 Areolet wanting; hind tibiae and tarsi long and slender, tibiae almost twice the length of hind femora, which latter are somewhat thickened; antennae much longer than head and thorax; first submarginal cell receiving both recurrent veins, or second recurrent vein uniting with transverse cubital vein Arotes p. 326 102. Dorsulum transversely rugose; fore tarsi more than twice as long as fore tibiae 103 Dorsulum not transversely rugose; fore tarsi not twice as long as fore tibiae 104 103. Hind coxae not cylindrical, but swollen towards base; abdo- men finely sculptured, convex above in male, with sub- quadrate segments that are neither emarginate at apex nor channeled Rhyssa p. 326 Hind coxae cylindrical; abdomen smooth and shining, very much longer than wide in male, flat above, and with third to seventh dorsal abdominal segments more or less grooved longitudinally and emarginate at apex Megarhyssa p. 324 104. Second and succeeding dorsal abdominal segments with their surface uneven on account of presence of tubercles or de- pressions, or both, or even and without tubercles, but with body yellowish 105 Second and succeeding dorsal abdominal segments even and without tubercles or depressions, but body not yellowish 111 105. Intermediate segments of abdomen, at least in male, longer than broad, rarely quadrate 106 Intermediate segments of abdomen invariably broader than long; fore femora not emarginate 107 106. Areolet triangular; exserted portion of ovipositor as long as or longer than abdomen; tarsi with their apical joint three 256 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. . [Bull. or more times longer than penultimate joint; upper vein of third discoidal cell not at all or but slightly arched, so that this cell receives the median vein at its upper basal angle Ichneumon p. 323 Areolet wanting; exserted portion of ovipositor nearly half the length of abdomen; apical tarsal joint with a prom- inent empodium, tarsal claws deeply cleft Hymenoepimeces p. 323 107. Ovipositor issuing from a ventral cleft 108 Ovipositor issuing from apex of abdomen; scutel rounded or convex, not quadrangular no 108. Areolet triangular, complete 109 Areolet incomplete or wanting; femora slender, not thick- ened; clypeus separated from rest of face by a suture Polysphincta p. 317 109. Abdomen smooth and shining, impunctate; body yellow .... Theronia p. 323 Abdomen more or less punctate; body black. .. .Scambus p. 318 no. Abdomen more or less punctate; tarsal claws not pectinate, areolet wanting; exserted portion of ovipositor less than half the length of the abdomen Clistopyga p. 317 Second to fourth dorsal abdominal segments each with an oblique linear depression on each side; tarsal claws pecti- nate • • • • Glypta p. 316 in. Ovipositor issuing from apex of abdomen; areolet complete and triangular, rarely incomplete 112 Ovipositor issuing from a ventral cleft; tarsal claws not pecti- nate II4 112. Tarsal claws not pectinate, only bristly at base 113 Tarsal claws pectinate Meniscus p. 312 113. Head and thorax with long conspicuous hair. . . .Arenetra p. 315 Head and thorax with short inconspicuous hair. .Lissonota p. 313 114. Areolet present and triangular; flagel not emarginate Phytodietus p. 311 Areolet wanting; third and fourth joints of male flagel emar- ginate or excavated Lissonota (Cylloceria) p. 314 115. Hind femora not toothed beneath; front without a horn 116 Hind femora with a tooth beneath that is directed backward; mid tibiae of female appearing as if twisted; head nearly spherical Odontomerus p. 311 116. Areolet wanting TI7 Areolet present :I8 117. Face narrowed beneath, cheeks tuberculate behind their flat- tened and depressed posterior orbital edge; tibiae slender, not inflated; propodeum not areolated Xorides p. 310 Face not narrowed beneath and cheeks not tuberculate; fore and mid tibiae in female cylindrical, narrowed and No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 257 constricted at base, mid tibiae not appearing as if twisted; head subquadrate, joints of flagel cylindrical, body not cylindrical; marginal cell extending nearly to apex of wing Xylonomus p. 310 118. Eyes subemarginate; hind coxae cylindrical, as long as or nearly as long as hind femora 119 Eyes not emarginate; hind coxae swollen, shorter than hind femora, areolet subpetiolate, triangular, tibiae not inflated; propodeum not areolated, but with a shallow longitudinal groove on its disk Euxorides p. 309 119. Face roughened, cheeks without a tooth-like process; pro- podeum areolated; fore and mid tibiae of female dflated, narrowed, and towards the base appearing as if twisted; abdomen subpetiolate, clavate, basal segment straight, gradually widened toward apex Labena p. 309 Face smooth, not roughened, polished, cheeks with a tooth- like process; propodeum not areolated, smooth and pol- ished; tibiae not as in Labena; abdomen petiolate, basal segment straight, but curved upward towards apex, which is somewhat dilated, exserted portion of ovipositor as long as first abdominal segment Grotea p. 309 120. Wings normal 121 Wings rudimentary or absent; exserted portion of ovipositor more than half the length of first abdominal segment; pro- podeum not or indistinctly areolated 127 121. Ovipositor distinctly exserted 122 Ovipositor not or scarcely exserted; abdomen smooth and polished, ovate or almost circular, wider than thick or de- pressed Stilpnus p. 341 122. Areolet complete 123 Areolet incomplete, forming an imperfect pentagon, its outer nervure wanting Hemiteles p. 337 123. Areolet pentangular or subquadrate 124 Areolet rectangular, receiving second recurrent vein at or near its tip Mesostenidea p. 329 124. Antennae of female with joints of flagel rather nodose at tip 125 Antennae with joints of flagel cylindrical throughout; pro- podeum with elongate linear spiracles 126 125. Third joint of antennae at most twice as long as thick, or antennae thickened between middle and apex and in some species also expanded; postpetiole in male broader than petiole, first dorsal abdominal segment geniculate Phygadeuon p. 333 Third joint of antennae in most species three or more times as long as thick (if shorter, then propodeum not areolated), not thickened or expanded towards middle; postpetiole 17 258 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. not much broader than petiole, first dorsal abdominal seg- ment slightly geniculate Agrothereutes p. 330 126. Outer vein of third discoidal cell bent beneath apex; malar space prominent Joppidium p. 330 Outer vein of third discoidal cell straight; malar space not prominent, nearly crowded out by the eyes . . Acroricnus p. 33° 127. Scutel distinctly defined, with sutures all around it; hind tarsi with their penultimate joints not bilobed; wings rudi- mentary, extending beyond base of propodeum; first ab- dominal segment punctate, not longitudinally wrinkled Aptesis p. 328 Scutel not distinctly defined; face rather rounded Gelis p. 327 128. Propodeal spiracles linear or oval 129 Propodeal spiracles circular, scutel scarcely or not at all ele- vated, propodeum not produced beyond insertion of hind legs; mandibles bidentate, teeth equal or subequal in length 134 129. Petiole of abdomen not broader than high 130 Petiole of abdomen broader than high 133 130. Abdomen of female acute at tip, last ventral segment re- tracted, fourth ventral abdominal segment in male with a longitudinal fold *3* Abdomen of female obtuse at tip, last ventral segment slightly or not at all retracted, fourth ventral abdominal segment in male without a longitudinal fold 132 131. Scutel more or less flat, or simply convex, and then grad- ually sloping to apex; propodeum rarely bispinose Amblyteles p. 344 Scutel strongly elevated or hunched, abruptly declivous pos- teriorly; propodeum invariably bispinose .. Hoplismenus p. 343 132. Scutel flat or simply convex ..Amblyteles (Pterocormus) p. 344 Scutel strongly elevated, generally subpyramidal. .Trogus p. 343 133. Scutel carinate laterally Platylabus p. 342 Scutel not carinate laterally Eurylabus p. 342 134. Second dorsal abdominal segment without thyridia at base.. 135 Second dorsal abdominal segment with more or less dis- tinct thyridia at base Phaeogenes p. 341 135. Mandibles of female not emarginate on their inferior margins; postscutel without depressions; flagel of male slender at base Eparces p. 342 Mandibles of female emarginate on their inferior margins; flagel of male filiform Colpognathus p. 342 Ephedrus Haliday. °E. incompletus Provancher. Length 2.5 mm. ; black ; legs and abdomen more or less stra- mineous. Parasitic on Myzus cerasi, Macrosiphutn rosce and Nectarophora rudbeckice. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 259 Praon Haliday. Key to Species. 1. Length 3 mm.; bright yellowish red, smooth and polished humulaphidis Length 2 mm.; at least head and thorax mostly blackish; abdomen mostly blackish 2 2. Clypeus, mandibles and legs brownish stramineous; wings hyaline, faintly smoky, with blackish veins alaskensis Blackish, except part of abdomen, thorax beneath, and face, which are brownish, and first, second, and third antennal joints, which are yellowish testaceous; otherwise as in preceding species pequodorum °P. humulaphidis Ashmead. Parasitic on the hop plant aphis. P. alaskensis Ashmead. West Haven, 27 June, 1905, taken in sweeping through a culti- vated field (H. L. V.). *P. pequodorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Bred from aphids on black birch, 1 July, 1913 (L. B. Ripley). Aphidius Nees. Key to Species. 1. Fore wings without a recurrent vein 2 Fore wings with one recurrent vein represented in a disco- cubital vein, wings without brown bands; mesopleurae with- out a furrow; mesonotum not distinctly punctate; median longitudinal carina of propodeum dividing near middle to form a petiolarea; stigma not attenuated, hardly five times as long on margin of wing as wide between the latter mar- gin and origin of radius; joints of flagel at least twice as long as thick 7 2. Fore wings without either part of the cubitus or transverse cubitus 3 Fore wings with a transverse cubitus and part of cubitus; propodeum without carinas; thorax polished, black; mid and hind legs usually blackish; female antennae usually 13-jointed, sometimes 11- or 12-jointed; male antennae 14- or 15-jointed .testaceipes 3. Hypopygium in female developed into a process with two prongs 4 200 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Hypopygium in female simple, not developed into a process with two prongs , 6 4. Propodeum areolated 5 Propodeum not areolated; second discoidal cell indistinct; clypeus, mouth, scape, pedicel, legs and abdomen almost entirely stramineous; antennae K-jointed; head and thorax mostly blackish. Length 1.75 mm. (female) exareolatus 5. Second discoidal cell complete; petiole constricted at base and apex; first three antennal joints and legs stramineous; abdomen mostly brownish, first and second sutures and apex yellowish rhagii Second discoidal cell incomplete or indistinctly defined; hind and mid tibiae and femora dark brown, nearly black; first three antennal joints and apex of abdomen stramineous aceris 6. Legs and petiole stramineous or reddish; male antennae 15- or 16-jointed; female antennae 13-jointed salicaphis Legs and petiole black or blackish; male antennae 16- or 17- jointed; female antennae 13- to 15-jointed, rarely 13-jointed rapse 7. Legs usually pale, stramineous, at most brownish but never blackish or black 8 Legs and body mostly black or blackish; stigma rather lance- olate, not approximating an equilateral triangle in outline; petiole without a smooth space, uniformly rugulose; face beneath antennae and fore legs more or less stramineous nigripes 8. Not almost entirely stramineous; head, mesonotum, and pro- podeum always black or blackish 9 Almost entirely stramineous; head black, mesonotum, and abdomen above sometimes infuscated; female antennae 17- to 19-jointed; male antennae 19- to 23-jointed . . . . polygonaphis 9. Female antennae 17- or less than 17-jointed; male antennae 20- or less than 20-jointed 10 Female antennae 17- to 20-jointed; male antennae 20- to 21- jointed; face yellowish or brown rosae 10. Female antennae 14- to 17-jointed; male antennae 17- to 20- jointed , 11 Female antennae 14- to 15-jointed; male antennae 16- to 18- jointed; blackish brown. Length 1.5 mm phorodontis 11. Petiolarea nearly rectangular; second and third joints of maxillary palpi not more than twice as long as thick; hind coxae and femora stramineous avenaphis Petiolarea distinctly pentagonal; second and third joints of maxillary palpi four times as long as thick ribis No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 26l *A. (Trioxys) exareolatus Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 17 June, 1905. Reared from the rose aphis (B. H. W.). °A. (T.) rhagii Ashmead. Said to be parasitic on the beetle Rhagium lineatum. A. (T.) aceris Haliday. Host : Chaitophorus aceris. A. (Lysiphlebus) testaceipes (Cresson). Parasitic on Aphis maidis, A. gossypii, A. sctarice, A. brassicce, A. maidiradicis, A. medicaginis, A. heraclii, Toxoptera graminum, Siphonophora cucurbitce, Myzus ribis, M. cerasi, Siphocoryne avence, Macrosiphum rosce, M. granaria, and Rhopalosiphum dianthi. New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). A. (Diaeretus) rapae Curtis. Parasitic on Aphis brassica. New Haven, 26 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °A. (D.) salicaphis (Fitch). Parasitic on Chaitophorus populicola. A. (Aphidius) nigripes Ashmead. Parasitic on Macrosiphum granaria. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °A. (A.) polygonaphis (Fitch). Knotweed Aphidius. Parasitic on an aphid on Polygonum, Macrosiphum rudbeckia and Siphonophora liriodendri. A. (A.) rosae Haliday. Parasitic on the rose aphis {Macrosiphum rosce). West Haven, 27 June, 1905 ; Putnam, 12 July, 1905 ; Cheshire, 8 July, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 17 June, 1905 (B. H. W.). °A. (A.) phorodontis Ashmead. Parasitic on Phorodon mahaleb and Rhopalosiphum dianthi. A. (A.) avenaphis (Fitch). Aphidius granariaphis Cook. Parasitic on Macrosiphum cerealis and Siphocoryne avence. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °A. (A.) ribis Haliday. Parasitic on Myzus ribis. 262 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Cymodusa Holmgren. Limneria Cresson (in part). C. distincta (Cresson). Female and male : length 7 mm. ; flagel yellowish at base on the inner side ; hind coxse only black, hind tibiae without whitish annuli; dorsal abdominal segments beyond the third reddish, ex- cept the sixth, which is mostly black or blackish ; petiole without a fossa on each side. Scotland, 10 August, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Colebrook, 27 July, 1905, Cheshire, 8 July, 1904, New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Stonington, 16 May, 1906 ( W. E. B.). Sagaritis Holmgren. Limneria Cresson (in part). Greatest diameter of lateral ocelli as long as or longer than the ocellocular line. Key to Species. 1. Hind coxae black above and beneath as well as elsewhere 2 Hind coxse reddish or brownish beneath conjunctiformis 2. Hind tibiae without whitish annuli, at most with a yellowish stripe; petiole cylindrical, without a depression above on each side between petiole and postpetiole, the latter rather oblong , Hind tibiae with whitish annuli, fore and mid coxse mostly pale, stramineous or reddish stramineous aprilis 3. Abdomen not entirely black above provancheri Abdomen entirely black above patsuiketorum S. provancheri Dalla Torre. S. dubitatus (Cresson). Colebrook, 21 July, 1905, at flowers of water hemlock (Cicuta maculata) ; Branford, 28 July, 1905 ; New Haven, 26 June, 1905 (H. L. V.), 8 June, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; Southington 5 July, 1905. *S. conjunctiformis Viereck (new species). Type locality : New Haven, 19 July, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Bran- ford, 28 June, 1905 (H. W. W.), 23 June, 1904 (at flowers of willow), 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *S. patsuiketorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Also from the type locality, 15 July, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; and from Mill- dale, 21 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 263 *S. aprilis Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 27 April, 1907 (W. E. B.), 9 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). Campoplex Gravenhorst. Limneria Cresson (in part). Key to Species. 1. Greatest diameter of lateral ocelli as long as or longer than ocellocular line; head not quadrate, outside line of temples not nearly attaining plane of outside line of eyes; pro- podeum more or less channeled 2 Greatest diameter of lateral ocelli distinctly shorter than ocellocular line; propodeum not channeled 3 2. Hind coxae reddish; abdomen mostly reddish above grossulariflorae Hind coxae black; abdomen entirely black above nolae 3. Abdomen not entirely black above 4 Abdomen entirely black above maquinnai 4. Postpetiole black at apex, apical third of second segment stramineous, rest of third segment almost entirely rather blackish, and fourth dorsal abdominal segment stramine- ous on basal third pentagoetorum Postpetiole apically, apical half of second, most of third and base of fourth dorsal abdominal segments, reddish polychrosidis *C. (Campoplex) pentagoetorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.)» *C. (C.) maquinnai Viereck (new species). Type locality: Milldale, 21 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). *C. (C.) grossulariflorae Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 14 May, 1904 (H. L. V.), on flowers of gooseberry (Ribes oxyacanthoides) . C. (C.) nolae (Ashmead). Cheshire, 8 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). °C. (C.) polychrosidis Viereck. Reared from Polychrosis carduiana and Platyptilia carduidac- tyla by W. D. Kearfott. Subgenus Bathyplectes (Foerster) Szepligeti. ♦Campoplex (B.) etemankiakorum Viereck (new species). Antennae black or blackish throughout; all coxae black or 264 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. blackish, hind tibiae without white annuli ; second and third dorsal abdominal segments with an apical reddish band. Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). Also from New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). Subgenus Hypothereutes (Foerster) Ashmead. Key to Species. Nervellus not angulate; hind coxae reddish; basal area trape- zoidal, areola not parallel-sided; hind tibiae with whitish annuli; abdomen without a median longitudinal black band; abdomen black above, except apical half of second seg- ment, apical two-thirds of third segment and an apical band on fourth segment, which are more or less reddish vernalis Nervellus angulate; hind coxae reddish; hind tibiae with whit- ish annuli; abdomen black above, except thyridia which are brownish, apical margin of second segment which is stramineous, and a spot on each side of third segment which is rather reddish elyi *Campoplex (H.) vernalis Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B.). *C. (H.) elyi Viereck. Type locality: East River, 30 July, 1910 (Charles R. Ely). Subgenus Holocremnus (Foerster) Dalla Torre. *Campoplex (H.) metacomet Viereck (new species.) Hind coxae only black, hind tibiae without whitish annuli ; second and third dorsal abdominal segments with an apical reddish band, and all or nearly all of the succeeding segments reddish. Type locality: New Haven, 22 June, 1905 (W. E. B.). Taken on a window. Subgqnus Angitia Holmgren. Limneria Cresson (in part). Key to Species. 1. Abdomen black throughout above; scape mostly dark brown to blackish beneath 2 Abdomen not black throughout above 4 2. Costulae more or less distinct and complete 3 Costulae virtually wanting; hind tibiae rather uniformly stra- mineous; ocelloccipital line hardly longer than postocel- lar line macer No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 265 3. Hind coxae black, hind tibiae with whitish annuli; scape dark brownish, with pale tip; propodeum rather coarsely sculp- tured parviformis Hind coxae reddish, hind tibiae without whitish annuli; scape with a yellowish tip openangorum 4. Hind coxae mostly black or blackish 5 Hind coxae mostly reddish; scape mostly dark brownish; hind tibiae without whitish annuli; eyes, at least in female, not converging below 7 5. Eyes not converging below; abdomen mostly black 6 Eyes converging below; scape pale beneath obscurus 6. Scape yellowish beneath; areola and petiolarea confluent . kiehtani Scape blackish throughout; areola and petiolarea not con- fluent woonandi 7. Spiracles of first abdominal segment protuberant; thyridia black cedemisiformis Spiracles of first abdominal segment not protuberant; thyridia reddish ruficoxa Campoplex (A.) macer (Cresson). Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 ; Cheshire, 8 July 1904 (H. L. V.). *C. (A.) openangorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Also from New Haven, 27 June, 1905 (W. E. B.), taken from breed- ing cage containing infested gooseberries. *C. (A.) woonandi Viereck (new species). Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). *C. (A.) oedemisiformis Viereck (new species). Type locality: East Hartford, 2 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). Also from West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °C. (A.) obscurus Cresson. This is another American species recorded as a parasite of the cosmopolitan insects, Plusia brassicce and Plutella cruciferarum. *C. (A.) kiehtani Viereck (new species). Type locality: Orange, taken on 27 January, 1906, from jar containing corn infested with Plodia inter punctella, from Wood- ruff's storehouse, 17 November, 1905 (W. E. B.). *C. (A.) parviformis Viereck (new species). Type locality: North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). C. (A.) ruficoxa (Provancher). West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). 266 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Subgenus Dioctes (Foerster) Schmiedeknecht. Limneria Cresson (in part). °Campoplex (D.) obliteratus (Cresson). Length 5 mm.; mouth, tegulae, fore and mid coxae and tro- chanters, and abdomen beneath, yellowish; legs mostly stramin- eous. Subgenus Nepiera (Foerster) Thomson. ♦Campoplex (N.) amasecontorum Viereck (new species). Hind coxae only black; hind tibiae without white annuli; an apical reddish margin on the first and second dorsal abdominal segments; basal third (approximately) of the third dorsal segment black, the rest reddish, nearly all of the fourth dorsal segment reddish. Type locality: New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L„ V.). Subgenus Ameloctonus (Foerster) Ashmead. Limneria Cresson (in part). Key to Species. 1. Abdomen more or less reddish; hind coxae reddish above.... 2 Abdomen black throughout above 4 2. Petiole black at base 3 Petiole reddish at base pallipes 3. Propodeum finely sculptured, its carinas distinct ....clisiocampae Propodeum coarsely sculptured, its carinas indistinct . . . . pilosulus 4. Hind coxae reddish or stramineous 5 Hind coxae black; hind tibiae and metatarsi with whitish annuli annulipes 5. Hind tibiae with a whitish annulus at base 6 Hind tibiae without a whitish annulus at base; lateral longi- tudinal carinas well developed acronyctae 6. Basal area triangular fugitivus Basal area quadrangular cedemisiae Campoplex (A.) clisiocampae (Weed). Length 4 to 5 mm. ; greatest diameter of lateral ocellus as long as or longer than the ocellocular line; scape and pedicel yellow- ish in front, mandibles mostly yellowish, palpi whitish ; tubercles, teguke, wing bases, and most of fore and mid legs, more or less yellowish ; legs, including hind coxae, mostly reddish in the female ; propodeal carinae well developed, areola and petiolarea confluent; postpetiole wider at base than long on each side; postpetiole in No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 267 the female black at base, apically reddish like most of the rest of the abdomen ; male with the hind coxae yellowish, and the ab- domen reddish with more or less extensive black stains except the first segment, which is mostly black ; mid femora reddish in the female, yellowish in the male. Parasite of Malacosoma americana, the American tent- caterpillar. New Haven, 12 April, 191 1 (A. B. C). C. (A.) fugitivus (Say). Hosts of this species are the Io moth (Hyperchira io), Hy- phantria textor, (Clisiocampa) Malacosoma americana, the for- est tent-caterpillar (M. disstria), (Pyrantels) Vanessa cardui, (Apatura) Chlorippe celtis, (A.) C. clyton, Pholisora catullus, Euchcetes egle, Hemileuca maia, the Bombycids Anisota rubicunda, A. senatoria, A. stigma, A. virginiensis, the Microlep- idopteron Mineola indigenella and Ephestia kuehniella. The many destructive secondary parasites that attack this, species tend to impair its usefulness ; in spite of these, however, it is a very useful insect. °C. (A.) annulipes (Cresson). Recorded as a parasite of Plutella cruciferarum. C. (A.) pilosulus (Provancher). New Haven, 8 August, 1905 (W. E. B.). °C. (A.) acronyctas (Ashmead). Parasite of Apatela oblinita. C. (A.) cedemisiae (Ashmead). Parasite of the red-humped apple tree caterpillar, Schizura concinna, from which it was reared 22 September, 1905, New Canaan (B. H. W.). °C. (A.) pallipes (Provancher). Subgenus Hyposoter (Foerster) Viereck. *Campoplex (H.) diversicolor Viereck. Female : length 5.5 mm. ; lateral ocelli nearer the eye than the anterior ocellus ; clypeus mostly yellowish ; scape uniformly dark stramineous in front, pedicel paler in front than the scape ; fore and mid coxae yellowish, hind legs with coxae, trochanters and femora more or less reddish, their tibiae reddish brown, pale at 268 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. base, with a subbasal and subapical dark brown band, their tarsi dark brown; basal area rather petiolate triangular; abdomen black and reddish. Type locality: East River, reared from a larva on hickory, 7 July, 1910 (Charles R. Ely). Casinaria Holmgren. Key to Subgenera. 1. Propodeum apparently not extending to the middle of hind coxae 2 Propodeum apparently extending to or beyond middle of hind coxae, but not to apex; second dorsal abdominal segment not longer than first 4 2. Areolet present 3 Areolet wanting; thorax elongate; postpetiole nearly as long as petiole, the latter with a distinct fossa on each side Pseuderipternus p. 269 3. Thorax succinct, mesothorax with its vertical axis distinctly greater than the horizontal axis; nervulus not interstitial, nervellus neither branched nor angulated, recurrent vein received before middle of areolet; hind edge of sides of mesonotum without a foramen; second dorsal segment compressed Campoplegidea Thorax elongate as in Pseuderipternus, vertical axis distinctly shorter than horizontal axis Pseuderipternoides p. 269 4. Head lenticular, vertical or almost vertical between hind ocelli and occipital carina; temples along upper fourth of eye, as seen in profile, extending beyond hind edge of eye; clypeus hardly separated from face; areolet present; meso- sternum without a process on each side of mesosulcus or median longitudinal channel. 5 Head not lenticular, obliquely sloping between hind ocelli and occipital carina; clypeal foramina rather distinct.... 6 5. Second abscissa of discoidal vein longer than third; pro- podeal spiracles almost round; clypeal foramina barely visible Amorphota p. 269 Second abscissa of discoidal vein as long as or shorter than third; propodeal spiracles slit-like; clypeal foramina invis- ible Pseudocasinaria p. 270 6. Propodeal spiracles round or oval, not slit-like, propodeum virtually exareolate 7 Propodeal spiracles slit-like 8 7. Petiole with a fossa on each side near the postpetiole; dis- coidal vein of hind wings present Campoplegidea Petiole without a fossa on each side near the postpetiole; No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 269 second abscissa of discoidal vein nearly as long as third; nervellus angulate or strongly curved below middle; dis- coidal vein of hind wings wanting Viereckiana p. 271 8. Second abscissa of discoidal vein as long as or shorter than third 9 Second abscissa of discoidal vein longer than third 10 9. Propodeum virtually exareolate Viereckiana p. 271 Propodeum areolated; eyes not distinctly converging below, not hairy; areolet present Idechthis p. 270 10. Nervellus not angulated Neonortonia p. 271 Nervellus angulated or branched below middle ..Casinaria p. 270 Subgenus Pseuderipternus Viereck (new subgenus). Podogaster Provancher, not Brulle. Limneria Cresson (in part). Casinaria (P.) radiolata Provancher. Eripternus primus Ashmead MS. Female : length 7.5 mm. ; black ; clypeus, mandibles and palpi reddish ; wings hyaline, veins blackish ; legs red except mid and hind coxae, their trochanters and the hind tarsi, which are black or blackish ; abdomen with third, fourth and fifth segments red except at base above ; exserted portion of ovipositor 4.2 mm. in length. Stratford, 21 July, 1908 (W. E. B.). Subgenus Pseuderipternoides Viereck (new subgenus). Limneria Cresson (in part). Type: Limneria porrecta (Cresson). Casinaria (P.) porrecta (Cresson). Black; most of mandibles, palpi and tegulae yellowish; legs reddish ; abdomen reddish and blackish, especially black or black- ish at base and apex ; all coxae reddish or pale. Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.), on flowers of water hemlock (Cicuta maculata) ; Woodmont, 9 July, 1904 (P. L. B.). Subgenus Amorphota (Foerster) Howard. 0 Casinaria (A.) orgyias Howard. Hind tibiae without whitish annuli ; all coxae mostly reddish or pale; abdomen above mostly reddish, disk and apical border of second segment black. 270 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Parasitic on the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leucostigma). Subgenus Casinaria Holmgren. *Casinaria (C.) eupithecia? Viereck. Greatest diameter of lateral ocellus distinctly longer than ocellocular line; scape and pedicel more or less pale beneath; coxae mostly black, rest of legs mostly pale or reddish; dorsal abdominal segments almost entirely black. Type locality: East River, 27 August, 1910, 8, 10 September. 1910; reared from Eupithecia miserulata by Charles R. Ely; Scotland, 10 August, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Cheshire, 8 July, 1904; Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *C. (C.) scabriformis Viereck. Scape and pedicel yellow beneath ; fore and mid coxae reddish stramineous, hind coxae black; an apical reddish margin on the second dorsal abdominal segment, and apical half of third dorsal segment reddish ; remaining dorsal segments reddish throughout. East River, 10 September, 1910, reared from Eupithecia miserulata by Charles R. Ely. Subgenus Idechthis (Foerster) Ashmead. *Casinaria (I.) sokanakiakorum Viereck (new species). First dorsal abdominal segment black, apex of second abdomi- nal segment with a reddish band, third to sixth dorsal abdominal segments laterally partly brownish or reddish brown; scape in front, fore and mid coxae, and all trochanters, yellow ; hind coxae only black, hind tibiae without whitish annuli. Type locality: New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Subgenus Pseudocasinaria Viereck. Casinaria Ashmead. ♦Casinaria (P.) ceanothi Viereck (new species). Body 7.5 mm. long. Male : scape and pedicel pale brown, flagel black; head black; mandibles yellow, tipped with brown, palpi whitish ; thorax black, wings transparent, tinted with brown, veins dark brown; fore and mid coxae black at base, rest brownish, hind coxae black, brownish at apex, trochanters mostly yellow- ish, femora mostly brownish stramineous to brown, tibiae stra- No. 22.J HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 27I mineous to brownish stramineous, more or less whitish or yel- lowish white posteriorly, fore and mid tarsi yellow, hind tarsi brown; abdomen mostly reddish; constricted portion of first segment, baasl three-fourths of second, and greater part of basal half of third dorsal segment, black or blackish. Type locality: New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (P. L. B.), on flowers of New Jersey tea (Ceanothus americanus) . Subgenus Neonortonia Viereck. Limneria Cresson (in part). Campoplex Cresson (in part). ♦Casinaria (N.) genuina (Norton). Female and male : length 9 mm. ; black ; legs stramineous ; body sericeous, with white hair; palpi yellowish, face scarcely narrowed below antennae, ocelli ruby-colored or pale; smooth space beneath wings with fine curved striae ; coxae and trochanters black, apical joints of tarsi blackish; wings hyaline; male with the white hairs on the face shorter than in the opposite sex. Subgenus Viereckiana Strand (Anisitsia Viereck, preoccupied.) Campoplex Cresson (in part). *Casinaria (A.) vitticollis (Norton). Female: length 15 mm.; prevailing color of thorax reddish, with a black stripe; antennae reddish at tip and at base, eyes scarcely contracted below, head black, mandibles, palpi and tegulae yellow, tips of mandibles dark, face and thorax covered with silvery hair; black stripe on thorax extending nearly all the way from the head to the base of the propodeum, being inter- rupted only by the scutel, which latter is rufous at its apex; abdomen mostly reddish, a line on the second dorsal segment, sheaths of the ovipositor and the under surface of the abdomen itself, black; fore legs, tips of mid femora and legs below, and bases of hind tibiae, yellow ; a line on fore femora above, mid coxae, trochanters and femora, hind coxae, trochanters, bases of femora beneath, and tarsi, black ; mid and hind coxae above, their femora and apices of their tibiae mostly reddish ; wings yellowish hyaline, veins dark. New Haven, 22 August, 1904 (P. L. B.). 272 CONNECTJCUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. C. (A.) villosa (Norton). Female and male: length 16 mm.; black, with the metathorax and abdomen reddish ; antennae piceous beneath, a longitudinal median ridge extending between the ocelli and the antennae ; head and thorax covered with silvery hair, which is longest on the face and propodeum ; a spot on the mandibles, palpi and tegulae, yel- low; a triangular area below the hind wings, the propodeum, except at its summit, hind coxae above, and first abdominal seg- ment ruby red, rest of abdomen reddish, a black line on the sec- ond segment ; a spot on fore coxae, the fore and mid legs and hind tibiae in the middle, yellow ; a line on fore femora above, mid coxae and most of femora and hind legs, black ; wings hyaline. New Haven, 24 July, 1904 (P. L. B.). Species Incertce Sedis, or species the exact position of which in modern classification is unknown. *Casinaria assita (Norton). Female : length 10 mm. ; black, abdomen partly rufous ; an- tennae piceous ; face narrowed below the antennae, head and sides of thorax with sparse white hair ; mandibles piceous at tip ; basal and second abdominal segments, except the tip above, black ; seg- ments of apical portion of abdomen with black above ; legs black, fore pair yellow beneath below the coxae, the middle pair with a spot on the femora above and the tibiae yellow, all tarsi with whitish ends ; wings faintly clouded. Type locality: Farmington. *C. glauca (Norton). Female : length 1 1 mm. ; black ; abdomen rufous ; a large red- dish spot on mandibles ; palpi pale ; head and thorax covered with short whitish hairs that are not silvery ; tegulae yellowish ; basal half of first abdominal segment, a spot on second segment above, and the sheaths of the ovipositor, black; the fore and mid legs with yellow tibiae and tarsi, reddish toward base ; hind legs fer- ruginous ; all coxae, trochanters, and the hind tibiae and tarsi above, dark piceous shading into reddish ; wings hyaline. Type locality : Farmington. *C. diversa (Norton). Female and male: length 12.5-13.5 mm. Female: black, ab- domen partly rufous; like argentea as described below, except No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 273 as follows : antennae blackish only toward the tip ; first abdominal segment and upper part of second nearly to its apex, black, hind tarsi blackish. Male with the ultimate and penulti- darkest toward end ; legs with more of black at base, fore coxae black, hind tarsi blackish. Male with the ultimate and penulti- mate abdominal segments black, and the fore and mid legs en- tirely or mostly yellow . *C. argentea (Norton). Female: length 16 mm.; black, with abdomen rufous except at base; flagel of antennae dark piceous, basal joint yellow be- neath (in some cases blackish or black) ; lower half of face and most of thorax covered with silvery white hair ; mandibles, ex- cept tips, palpi and tegulae, yellow ; second abdominal segment above and sheaths of ovipositor black, rest of abdomen rufous, more or less mottled with black, second segment beneath yellow or yellow-rufous; hind tibiae and spines and the fore and mid legs yellow except a line on the fore femora in front, the mid coxae and two-thirds of the femora, which, together with the hind legs, are black ; wings smoky hyaline. Paracanidia Viereck. *P. elyi Viereck. This is a slender black species with the abdomen partly red- dish and the antennae annulated with pale yellow. Type locality: East River, July, 1910 (C. R. Ely). Ceratogastra Ashmead. Ceratosoma Cresson. C. fasciata Cresson. Length 12 mm.; blackish; face, cheeks, mandibles, and palpi mostly yellow ; antennae pale to dark brown ; tegulae, a spot on each side of the dorsulum, a mark on the mesopleurae, tubercles, scutel, postscutel, a mark on the propodeum, a mark on the metapleuras, and a stripe on the middle and hind coxae, more or less yellow ; coxae mostly brown ; rest of legs mostly yellow, tinted with brown, except the hind femora and apical half of hind tibiae, which are mostly brown ; wings brownish, with a yellowish tint, stigma and costa yellowish brown, veins brown, fore wings 18 274 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. whitish along part of each of the following veins: second trans- verse cubitus, cubitodiscoidal, and second recurrent; abdomen with its dorsal segments more or less broadly banded with yellow apically ; ovipositor not exserted ; dorsulum sometimes with four yellow spots. Rockville, 23 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). Exetastes Gravenhorst. Key to Species. 1. Length 12 mm 2 Length 10.5 mm.; answers fairly well to description of fasci- pennis as given below, except as follows: scutel yellow, wings almost uniformly brownish, with a yellowish stigma; antennae uniformly brownish; exserted portion of oviposi- tor nearly one-half length of hind tibiae scutellaris 2. Reddish with blackish sutures to thorax and a brownish tip to hind tibiae; antennae brown, with a yellow annulus involving more or less of joints nine to fourteen inclusive; wings yellowish, transparent, tinted with brown, a broad yellowish band extending from anterior to posterior mar- gins of fore wings and originating at basal half of stigma; exserted portion of ovipositor as long as hind coxae fascipennis Male: black, except eyes, which are steel-color in death; an- tennae brownish; wings transparent brownish, fore and mid femora mostly, and all tibiae and tarsi, lemon-yellow. Fe- male similar to male suaveolens °E. scutellaris Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ix, Fig. 17. °E. fascipennis Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 7. CE. suaveolens Walsh. Pristomerus Curtis. *P. olamonus Viereck (new species). Female: 3.5 mm. long; head in front mostly brownish, be- hind mostly black or blackish, as is the thorax; abdomen above mostly brown ; abdomen beneath and legs mostly brownish stra- mineous ; antennae mostly blackish, their scape and pedicel brown ; sheaths of the ovipositor blackish, exserted portion of the latter nearly as long as the abdomen ; orbits reddish and yellowish brown ; notauli, space between them on the posterior half of the dorsulum, scutel, and propleurse, more or less brown, tegulae yel- lowish. Type locality: Rockville, 23 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 275 Porizon Fallen. Thersilochus Holmgren. P. conotracheli Riley. Length 3.5 mm.; head and thorax mostly black; abdomen mostly castaneous ; mandibles brownish, scape and pedicel light brown ; flagel very dark brown ; legs brownish stramineous ; wings clear with a brownish tinge, stigma brownish stramineous, veins nearly concolorous with the stigma, the costa brown, the tegulae stramineous ; first abdominal segment mostly black or blackish, castaneous at and near the apex ; exserted portion of the oviposi- tor nearly as long as the body, or approximately 3 mm. Parasitic on the plum curculio. New Haven, 14 May, 1904, on flowers of two species of gooseberry (Ribes occidentalis and R. oxyacanthoides) (H. L. V.). Porizonidea Viereck. Type: Porizon exhaustator (Fabricius). P. sp. New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Orthopelma Taschenberg. Proedrus Foerster. O. diastrophi Ashmead. Male and female : length 4 mm. ; ovipositor 1 .6 mm. ; head and thorax black ; legs, including coxse, and abdomen, reddish ; base of second dorsal segment and all sutures stramineous, the apex more or less dusky, the petiole black ; antennae dark brown, their first, second and third joints paler; clypeus, mandibles, and palpi reddish ; wings hyaline, stigma and veins brown ; in the male the first and second antennal joints reddish. Reared from galls of Diastrophus radicum in Waterbury. Plectiscidea Viereck. Plectiscus Authors, not Gravenhorst. Type: Plectiscus collaris Gravenhorst. Key to Species. Clypeus strongly elevated and with a beak-like projection in female; abdomen rugose, sessile, basal segment without a 276 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. distinct furrow above; wings without an areolet; length 4 mm. (female, male); black; mesonotum, sternum, pleurae, scutel, front, and clypeus, pale rufous varied more or less with white; a narrow annulus toward apex of antennae in female; orbital lines, cheeks, mouth-parts, and venter, white; legs blackish stramineous varied with white; wings hyaline, veins and stigma pale yellow; exserted portion of ovipositor 1 mm. long nasuta Clypeus not strongly projecting; wings with an areolet; face not narrowed below; propodeum areolated; clypeus arched and somewhat compressed at sides; suture between face and clypeus represented only by a crease; length 6 mm. (female); black, with face, cheeks, mouth-parts, tegulae, fore and mid coxae and trochanters, bases of hind tarsi, spot at base on each side of second abdominal segment, median stripe from middle of second dorsal segment to apex of third segment, and abdomen beneath, white; sternum and pleurae reddish, stigma reddish, legs pale rufous, with hind tibiae black at apex; exserted portion of ovipositor about one-fourth as long as abdomen ..pleuraiis P. (Aperileptus ?) contentionis Viereck (new species). Mesoleptus rufipes Cresson, not Provancher. Female : body 7 mm. long ; exserted portion of ovipositor 3 mm. long ; head and thorax mostly smooth and polished ; first, second, and third dorsal abdominal segments granular, dullish ; segments beyond shining, minutely, shallowly punctate rather than granular ; metathorax shining but roughened, especially the sides, which are rather wrinkled ; dorsal aspect of metathorax separated from posterior aspect by a carina, the posterior aspect excavated and polished smooth, dorsal aspect separated into three practi- cally equal longitudinal areas by two almost parallel raised lines ; metapleurse practically confluent (i.e., not separated by a distinct raised line) with the fused lateral areas of the metanotum; an- tennae 25-jointed ; mouth-parts, scape, and pedicel mostly testa- ceous, rest of antennae and face mostly brown ; thorax mostly black ; scutel and postscutel yellow ; tubercles and tegulae yellow- ish ; legs yellowish testaceous to reddish testaceous ; abdomen above black, except for the sutures, which. are more or less brown or bordered with brown or testaceous. Type locality : New York State. Also from Connecticut. °P. pleuraiis Provancher. °P. (Campothreptus) nasuta Cresson. * . No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 277 Cremastus Gravenhorst. Key to Species. Male: head brown; face, orbits, clypeus, mandibles, and palpi, yellow; middle of face clouded with fulvous; anten- nae black, scape beneath dull reddish; thorax dull yellowish brown; lobes of mesothorax darker medially, prothorax yellow, scutel dark yellowish; propodeum black; meta- pleurae shading into brown; tegulas yellow; wings hyaline, veins fuscous; legs yellowish varied with brown, especially hind pair; tips of hind tibiae blackish; abdomen with its first and second dorsal segments as well as corresponding ventral segments, yellow, the remaining segments reddish, with a black spot at base above retiniae Female: length 6-7 mm.; black; clypeus, mandibles, palpi, maxillae, and upper two-thirds of orbits, yellow; antennae piceous, yellowish brown beneath near their bases; hind margins of dorsal abdominal segments behind second sometimes brownish; venter yellowish; exserted portion of ovipositor two-thirds as long as abdomen; fore and mid legs, including coxae, light yellow with dusky tarsi; hind legs dull yellowish red, with coxae, except at tips, and basal portion of trochanters, black; tarsi dusky; tegu- lae and veins at base of wings whitish yellow, rest of veins and stigma, except a whitish spot at base of latter, pale brown cooki °C. retiniae Cresson. Temelucha retinice Ashmead. Parasitic on the tortricid known as the pitch-pine Retinia (Retinia rigidana), inhabiting the terminal shoots of the pitch pine (Pinus rigida) . °C. cooki Weed. Temelucha cookii Ashmead. Parasitic on the strawberry leaf-roller (Ancylis comptana). Its host is common in Connecticut. 1 Mesochorus Gravenhorst. Key to Species. 1. Thorax almost entirely or entirely black; vertex and occiput black; orbits yellowish 2 Thorax not colored as in preceding category 3 2. Front below antennae bright yellow, with a slight reddish tinge down its middle; palpi stramineous; antennae brown, pale yellowish at base; second antennal joint pale brown above, third yellow, fourth and fifth pale yellowish brown; tegulae and base of wings greenish yellow, wings otherwise 278 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. clear except stigma, which is brown, and veins, which are concolorous with stigma; legs, including coxae, stra- mineous; tarsi of fore and mid legs, near claws, dusky; tarsi of hind legs a little dusky except on basal two- thirds of first joint, darkest near claws; abdomen black, with a yellowish band in middle, posterior edge of second and anterior two-thirds of third dorsal segment, yellow; ovipositor not quite as long as abdomen is wide; body 4 mm. long , pieridicola Front below antennae mostly blackish, antennae brownish throughout; tegulae brownish stramineous; base of wings yellowish; legs brownish stramineous, tips of hind femora concolorous with remainder of this member and without an annulus of brown, which latter, however, exists at tips of the hind tibiae; abdomen black, except a pale, seem- ingly yellowish, apical edge to the dorsal segments; ex- serted portion of ovipositor a little longer than greatest width of abdomen; length of body 3 mm.; otherwise about the same as in description of pieridicola as detailed above Calais 3. Thorax mostly black or rufous 4 Thorax mostly yellow or marked with yellow-brown, or mostly yellow-stramineous, or mosty stramineous 5 4. Thorax mostly reddish; eyes and ocelli black, antennae fus- cous, except toward their bases; upper surface of thorax fuscous in some individuals; hind knees slightly dusky, tips of hind tibiae distinctly dusky; wings hya- line, veins and stigma dusky; abdomen translucent, yellowish white in its central third, remaining two- thirds piceous black, with a distinct, narrow, yellow- ish annulus at base of third dorsal segment; or basal ab- dominal joint and articulations of apical third of abdo- men light reddish; head in addition mostly reddish; head of female from mouth up, piceous; male with its thorax piceous black; ovipositor dusky, its exserted portion slightly longer than greatest width of abdomen. Length of body 2-3 mm 7 vitreus Thorax mostly black; scape and pedicel, face below anten- nae, lower half of cheeks, tegulae, extreme bases of front wings, part of collar or pronotum, legs, including coxae (ex- cept a brownish annulus at tips of hind femora), and apical edge of second dorsal abdominal segment, more or less yel- low or yellowish; parts of head not mentioned above, black; third dorsal abdominal segment mostly brownish yellow; abdomen beneath mostly pale brownish; exserted portion of ovipositor not quite as long as greatest width of abdomen No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 279 and yellow in color; wings practically colorless, stigma and veins brownish. Length 3.5-4 mm luteipes 5. Thorax marked with brownish above, or only partly brown- ish above 6 Thorax unicolorous and brownish stramineous 7 6. Female: 4.7 mm. long; exserted portion of ovipositor a lit- tle longer «than second dorsal abdominal segment; head and antennae, except ocellar region, which is black, mostly stramineous and brownish stramineous; thorax brownish, except dorsulum and propodeum, which are blackish; tegu- lae, base of wings, legs, including coxae, greater part of apical two-thirds of second dorsal abdominal segment and all of third dorsal abdominal segment, except apical margin of latter (which is blackish), yellow; dorsal ab- dominal segments beyond third brownish and brownish stramineous, petiole of abdomen mostly brownish stramin- eous; wings colorless, except stigma and veins, which are brownish; hind tibiae with brownish tips americanus Species not answering description of americanus as given above, in all particulars 8 7. Male: head mostly concolorous with thorax, antennae mostly brownish; legs almost entirely yellow-stramineous; abdo- men mostly brown, its apical dorsal half blackish; wings faintly tinged with brown; stigma and veins brownish. Length 4.5 mm melleus Female: head and antennae as in melleus; legs as in last-men* tioned species, except hind tibiae, which have apical fourth brown; size of body approximately as in melleus; abdomen with its dorsum mostly yellow, faintly tinted with brown, and its dorsal segments more or less margined with brown; ventral portion of abdomen brownish; wings as in melleus as described above; ovipositor nearly as long as first dorsal abdominal segment obliquus 8. About 2.5 mm. long; almost entirely yellowish stramineous, with the following exceptions: ocellar region and eyes black or blackish; dorsum of thorax partly brownish; dor- sum of abdomen (except second and third dorsal segments, which are mostly yellow) mostly blackish or brownish; hind femora at apex and hind tarsi (partly) more or less brownish scitulus Species related to scitulus, but answering the following de- scription, at least in female: length 2.3-3 mm.; ovipositor exserted, pale honey-yellow or yellowish white, disk of dor- sulum and propodeum reddish brown, the latter in some in- * dividuals black; tips of mandibles black; abdomen black, but with a luteous spot occupying most of second and third dorsal segments; a spot at base of hind tibiae, and apex of 28o CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. the same, brown; wings hyaline, stigma and veins practi- cally concolorous with the rest of the wing, or hyaline, except costa, which alone is slightly luteous .aprilinus *M. aprilinus Ashmead. Reared from the cocoons of Protapanteles congregatus (Say). *M. calais Viereck (new species). Type locality: Yalesville, 19 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). °M. pieridicola Packard. The host of this species is questionably Protapanteles congre- gatus (Say). °M. vitreus Walsh. This is one of the American species hyper-parasitic on the army worm, (Leucania, Heliophila) Cirphis unipuncta. °M. scitulus Cresson. The secondary hosts of this insect are said to be the clouded sulphur butterfly, (C olios) Eurymus philodice, and the sphingid, Smerinthus jamaicensis. °M. obliquus Cresson. This species owes its name to the two oblique brown marks at the base of the second dorsal abdominal segment. °M. melleus Cresson. This is probably the male of the preceding species. °M. americanus Cresson. °M. luteipes Cresson. Paniscus Gravenhorst. P. geminatus Say. PI. ix, Fig. 9 ; also Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 23. Length 9-16 mm. ; brownish stramineous ; eyes slate-color in death ; ocelli brown, antennae brownish ; wings hyaline, but with the stigma yellowish stramineous and the veins brownish ; oviposi- tor, i.e., the exserted portion thereof, and the sheaths brown, the former a little longer than the metatarsus or first joint of the tarsi of the hind legs. 'The records of this species in the collection of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station of New Haven (gathered by W. E. B., H. W. W, B. H. W., P. L. B., and the writer) indicate No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 28l that it occurs throughout the state. It has been taken in May, July, August, and September. °P. albotarsatus Provancher. Average length 9 mm. ; similar to geminatus, except as fol- lows : tarsal joints of a whitish hue (whence the name) ; exserted portion of ovipositor not quite as long as the second tarsal joint of the hind legs ; antennae stramineous. Opheltes Holmgren. The only species of this genus occurring in Connecticut is the following : O. glaucopterus (Linnaeus). Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 27. Length 18-20 mm. ; head blackish above, with the remainder thereof, including the antennae, brownish stramineous ; thorax black, except the tegulae, which are stramineous, and the scutel, which is brownish stramineous ; wings yellowish, the hind pair broadly margined with a faint fuscous cloud ; legs brownish, except the coxae, which are mostly blackish ; abdomen reddish, barring the blackish apical third ; ovipositor scarcely as long as the second joint of the hind tarsi ; in some specimens more than the scutel is brownish or brownish stramineous. Erigorgus (Foerster) Brischke. Anomalon Authors, not Panzer. Key to Species. 1. Length less than 25 mm. (see also description at end of this genus) 2 Length 25 mm. ; colored like lateralis or very nearly so ; pro- podeum with a deep, median, longitudinal channel relictus 2. Length less than 20.5 mm 3. Length 20.5 mm. (female); reddish, with clear wings; anten- nae piceous, basal joints yellow, fourth and fifth joints blackish; head yellow, eyes reddish; summit and back of head black, a yellow orbital dot on each side of the ocelli; inner edge of mandibles piceous; front and base of mesothorax, apex of propodeum, sternum, apical half of first abdominal segment and second dorsal abdominal segment, black; sheaths of ovipositor yellow,clavate; fore legs, basal half of hind tibiae, and tarsi yellow; hind coxae 282 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. reddish beneath and black above; trochanters, apex of femora and tibiae black; tegulae yellow; wings hyaline, .hyalinus 3. Length less than 20 mm 4 Length 20 mm.; reddish; vertex mostly blackish; face mostly yellowish; sutures of thorax black; scutel yellowish; apical fourth of abdomen mostly blackish; hind coxae and their proximal trochanters mostly blackish; hind tibiae brown, with apical third mostly blackish; hind tarsi with basal joints yellowish; wings transparent, with a yellowish tinge; antennae pale brown; ovipositor not much longer than face is wide; propodeum without a deep, median, longitudinal channel lateralis 4. Length less than 19 mm 5 Length 19 mm. (male); black; abdomen reddish, spotted with yellow and black; antennae piceous, black at tips and bases above (yellow beneath) ; face below antennae and a nar- row line back of eyes, mandibles, and palpi, yellow; scutel black; first, second, and part of third and fourth segments of abdomen rufous, a black line on summit of second, sides of third and fourth segments black, spotted with yellow; fore and mid legs yellow; hind coxae, spot on trochanters, femora, and apex of tibise, black; a spot on tip of coxae beneath, trochanters, base of tibiae and tarsi, yel- low; tarsi blackish above; wings hyaline; tegulae and basal half of costa yellowish; stigma piceous curtus 5. Length less than 18 mm 6 Length 18 mm. (female); reddish and black; third antennal joint as long as fourth and fifth together; color piceous, darkest toward tip; basal joint reddish, as are some of the succeeding joints; head reddish; eyes converging beneath head; face below antennae yellow; edge of clypeus, labrum and mandibles reddish; scutel yellow; sides of mesothorax, a dot behind scutel, propodeum above, a stripe curving from tegulae to base of pleurae, and abdomen, reddish; rest of thorax, a line above second dorsal abdominal segment and on sides of apical and four preceding abdominal seg- ments, black; sheaths of ovipositor yellow; fore and mid legs, hind trochanters and tarsi, yellow; all coxae, mid fem- ora above, hind femora and tibiae reddish; hind trochan- ters in part, and apex of tibiae black; femora and tips of tarsi above, blackish; wings faintly smoky; tegulae yellow- ish; stigma and costa reddish semirufus 6. Length less than 17 mm 7 Length 17 mm. (female); differs from lateralis as follows: wings with blackish tinge; antennae dark brown; mid legs almost exclusively yellow or yellowish stramineous; apical half of abdomen black or hlackish; also in exserted portion No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 283 of ovipositor being not quite as long as face of this species is broad. Abdomen may be of a brownish hue and mid legs partly brownish; basal area of propodeum rather wider than long analis 7. Length less than 15 mm 8 Length 15 mm. (male); black and reddish, yellow beneath; antennas reddish, sides of first joint, second and fourth above and at apex, black; basal joint above and below, and second and fourth beneath, yellow; head yellow, ocelli ruby-colored, a black spot on vertex (enclosing ocelli, with a yellow dot on each side) extending down on the occi- put; mesothorax, apex of propodeum and part of pleura, black; tegulae, scutel, front of pleurae and sternum, yellow; prothorax, space below scutel, base of propodeum and ab- domen, pale reddish; line above second segment and apex of abdomen black; fore and mid legs, hind coxae, trochan- ters and tarsi, yellow; a spot on hind coxae and trochan- ters above and apical half of tibiae, black; femora and bases of tibiae rufous; wings hyaline; stigma pale luteopectus 8. Length less than 13 mm g Length 13 mm. (female); black and reddish; face yellow, cheeks behind eyes reddish, vertex and occiput black; scape yellow below, black above; fore and mid legs yellow; hind coxae, femora, and tibiae black, with a rufous spot on coxae, their femora with a varying amount of the same color; wings perfectly hyaline, veins dark brown; abdomen with first and second segments black (slightly rufous below); remainder of abdomen reddish pseudargioli 9. Length less than 12 mm 10 Length 12 mm.; honey-yellow, with sternum black; antennae reddish, second joint above, base of fourth, and joints of apical portion of antennae, blackish; joints of basal portion of antennae yellow beneath; a spot enclosing ocelli and touching antennae, and a spot on back of head, black; face below antennae and the cheeks yellow; a spot on prominent lobe of mesothorax, sutures about scutel, and ultimate and penultimate segments of abdomen above, black; other abdominal segments darkest above; fore and mid coxae and trochanters, anterior legs, and mid and hind tarsi at base, yellow; remainder of legs reddish; wings hyaline, veins black. In the male, the verti- cal spot is larger than in the female, and the lower half of pleurae and the summit and sides of propodeum are black prismaticus 10. Length less than 11 mm. 11 Length 11 mm.; in color like the variety of analis, with apical 284 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. fourth of dorsum of abdomen mostly blackish; basal area of propodeum about twice as long as wide rufulus 11. Length 10 mm.; antennae black; discoidal cell exteriorly strongly contracted at base, thorax entirely black; valves of ovipositor or sheaths of latter brown; abdomen reddish; face, mandibles, and tegulae pale yellow; wings hyaline, propodeum with a deep groove down middle; legs yellow- ish red; hind coxae and their trochanters black; abdomen with a black line on second dorsal segment, its apical segment brownish black exilis Length 8.5 mm. (female); antennas piceous; most of fourth joint, extreme base of each succeeding joint, and apex, blackish; head yellow, smooth, a distinct black spot en- closing ocelli and extending over back of head; a spot in front and rear of mesothorax, a triangular spot on pleurae, sternum, ultimate, penultimate, and antipenultimate ab- dominal segments above, black; abdomen beneath, fore and mid legs, and hind tarsi (in part), varying from yellow to pale reddish; fore and mid coxae and trochanters white; hind legs rufous; trochanters and tips of tibiae blackish; wings hyaline, veins blackish metallicus °E. relictus (Fabricius). *E. hyalinus (Norton). Type locality : Farmington. °E. lateralis (Brulle). °E. curtus (Norton). Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 28. °E. semirufus (Norton). E. analis (Say). Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *E, luteopectus (Norton). Farmington. °E. pseudargioli (Howard). Hosts: (Thecla) Uranotes melinus, (Lyc&na) Cyaniris pseudargiolus. E. prismaticus (Norton). Has been taken in June and July. E. (Agrypon) rufulus (Provancher). Cheshire, 8 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). °E. exilis (Provancher). Host: American tent-caterpillar. °E. metallicus (Norton). NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 285 E. (Sympratis) ferrugineus (Norton). Length n mm., or less, to 15 mm.; face mostly brownish, eye margins yellow, front largely black, vertex and occiput mostly or entirely black ; cheeks brown ; mandibles mostly yellow, with a brownish tint and tipped with blackish, antennae pale brown beneath ; dark brown above ; thorax mostly black, mottled with reddish, the latter color confined chiefly to the mesonotum, scutel, mesopleurae, and metapleurae ; coxae mostly black, tipped with brown ; trochanters brown ; fore femora yellowish in front, other- wise brown, the same as fore tibiae and tarsi ; mid femora, tibiae and tarsi more or less brown, the mid tibiae partly yellow ; hind femora blackish beneath, brownish above, their tibiae brown with the apical third blackish, basal joint of their tarsi mostly yellow, rest of tarsi mostly brown ; wings yellowish brown, stigma and veins brown ; abdomen mostly reddish, the black being confined to the second, fourth, and following segments on the summit of the abdomen and to the lower half of the sides of the third and following segments ; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as the first joint of the hind tarsi. The ferruginous area of the thorax may encroach on the propodeum. New Haven, 3-10 May, 1904 and 1906, on flowers of honey- suckle (Lonicera fragrantissima) , gooseberry (Ribes oxyacan- thoides), currant (R. rubrum), willow, and Japan plum {Primus triflora) (W. E. B. and H. L. V.). Heteropelma Wesmael. H. flavicorne Brulle. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 18. Length 26 mm. ; black or brown, with fuscous or dark brown wings ; antennae mostly yellow or orange in color ; fore femora and tibiae mostly yellowish in front; rest of fore legs dark brown or blackish; exserted portion of ovipositor scarcely half the length of the first joint of the hind tarsi. This species is a parasite on the larva of Sphinx luscitiosa. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Mt. Carmel, 27 August, 1904 (P. L. B.). °H. datanae Riley. Female : length 25 mm. ; reddish brown, abdomen varying to bronzy black ; antennae yellowish brown, a little darker than the 286 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. head and thorax; scape yellowish beneath; face below antennae and a narrow band around eyes (sometimes obsolete above) gamboge yellow ; eyes dark brown or black in death ; thorax darker above than below ; mesonotum with three broad, darker, longitudinal bands which vary in intensity; propodeum varying in color ; legs, especially tibiae and tarsi, lighter in color than the thorax; fore trochanters sometimes quite yellow; wings dark fuliginous with bronze reflection; abdomen mostly concolorous with the thorax. Parasitic on species of Datana. Therion Curtis. Exochilum Wesmael. Key to Species. i. Length 25 mm., or a little longer or shorter 2 Length much less than 25 mm 4 2. Color differing from Heteropelma Havicome practically only as follows: mid legs partly dark brown; hind legs with basal two-thirds of tibiae yellow, apical third blackish; their tarsi with first and second joints almost entirely con- colorous with the pale color of their tibiae; remaining tarsal joints brown; legs may be more varied with yellowish brown and abdomen with brown; exserted portion of ovi- positor not quite as long as thorax morio Not as in morio 3 3. Black, with reddish marks; wings smoky yellow; antennae mostly reddish; legs mostly yellowish; coxae and apical half of hind femora and tibiae black fuscipenne Black; tarsi in part reddish; wings black, semiopaque, stigma dark; antennae mostly yellow tenuipes 4. Length less than 19 mm 5 Length 19 mm.; head mostly brownish red except face and cheeks, which are mostly yellowish; thorax, except blackish sutures, mostly brownish red; wings, antennae, and legs much the same in color as in fuscipenne. . nigrovarium 5. Length 14 mm.; otherwise agreeing with description of nigro- varium given above, except as follows: thorax mostly black, sides thereof partly reddish, greater part of hind fem- ora, and apical third of their tibiae black or blackish; exserted portion of ovipositor nearly as long as first joint of hind tarsi sassacus Length 13 mm. (male); otherwise much as in above descrip- tion of sassacus, from which it differs as follows: reddish, with the following parts more or less black: front, vertex, sutures of thorax, hind coxae, lower half and extreme upper No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 287 edge of abdomen; face mostly yellowish brown, fore and mid coxae stramineous waccagum T. morio (Fabricius). Exochilum mundum (Say). Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Figs. 13, 14. • Hosts: {Pyrantels) Vanessa cardui, (Papilio) Iphidicles ajax, Zerene centenaria. New Haven, 20 July, 1904 (B. H. W.) ; Branford, 28 June, 1, 5, and 7 July, 1905 (H. W. W.). °T. fuscipenne Norton. *T. tenuipes Norton. °T. nigrovarium Brulle. *T. sassacus Viereck (new species). Type locality: Windsor, 26 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). *T. waccagum Viereck (new species). Type locality: North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). Thyreodon Brulle. T. brullei (new name). T. morio Authors, not Fabricius. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 15. In size and color almost exactly like Heteropelma flavicorne ; face mostly yellow in the male. Parasitic on Sphinx coniferarum. New Haven, 20 July, 1903 (B. H. W.) ; North Haven, 3 Au- gust, 1905 (H. L. V.). Ophion Fabricius. Key to Species. 1. Cubitodiscoidal cell uniformly membranous 2 Cubitodiscoidal cell with thickenings in form of glabrous- spots or areas on its membrane 6 2. Wings hyaline 3 Wings deep brown; body brownish stramineous, except ab- domen, which is mostly brownish slossoni 3. Length 16 mm 4 Length 25 mm.; stramineous to brownish stramineous ..macrurus 4. Body stramineous to pale brownish stramineous; wings col- orless or nearly so 5 Body reddish or dark brownish stramineous; wings yellowish, tinted with brown bifoveolatus 5. Propodeum with one large enclosed area on its posterior aspect, or with more than one, but differing from tityri bilineatus Propodeum with a number of quadrangular areas on poste- 288 CONNECTICUT. GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. rior aspect, formed by seven lines radiating from inser- tion of abdomen and by two transverse ridges. Length 17.5 mm. (male) tityri 6. Length 16-23 mm.; stramineous to brownish stramineous; head more or less yellowish; ocelli equidistant, mandibles fuscous apically; scutel stramineous; wings transparent . with a fuscous tinge; legs honey-yellow purgatus Length 23 mm.; light reddish, head yellowish; ocelli equi- distant; mandibles fuscous apically; scutel yellow; wings hyaline, without a fuscous tinge, legs honey-yellow . .arcuatus O. (Enicospilus) arcuatus Felt. South Britain, 1884 (G. F. Pierce). O. (E.) purgatus Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 19. A parasite of the army worm (Leucania, Heliophila) Cirphis unipuncta. North Haven, 27 May, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; Branford, 5 July, 1904 (P. L. B.) ; Stonington, 7 August, 1906 (W. E. B.). °0. (Ophion) tityri Packard. Parasitic on (Eudamus) Epargyreus tityrus. O. (O.) bifoveolatus Brulle. O. (O.) bilineatus Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig.' 17 ; Scudder, Butterflies of New England, Vol. Ill, PI. 88, Fig. 8. Parasitic on (Eudamus) Epargyreus tityrus. Mt. Carmel, 25 May, 1906, Poquonock, 22 March, 1905, New Haven, 26 April, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 23 August 1904, Woodmont, 24 May, 1905 (P. L. B.) ; New Haven, 1 September, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 24 May, 1905, Salisbury, 2y Au- gust, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; Branford, 5 July, 1905 (H. W. W.). *0. (O.) slossoni Davis. Reared from (Acronycta) Apatela. O. (Allocamptus) macrurus Linnaeus. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ix, Figs. 7, 8. Parasite of the Cecropia moth, Samia cecropia. New Haven (A. E. V., W. E. B.). Zemiodes Foerster. °Z. flavifrons Cresson. Male : length 7 mm. ; mostly black, with abdomen and hind legs reddish ; propodeum with longitudinal carinae ; nervulus and basal veins interstitial. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 289 Symphobus Foerster. °S. pleuralis Cresson. Female : body 5 mm. long ; ovipositor with its exserted portion 5 mm. long. ; body mostly black, with pleurae, sternum, scutel and lateral portions of second and third abdominal segments reddish ; legs honey-yellow ; hind tarsi and apex of femora and tibiae also dusky; abdominal segments beyond the second distinctly mar- gined with white ; areolet petiolate. Oxytorus Foerster. °0. antennatus Cresson. Female : length of body 7 mm. ; reddish to blackish red, with the head opaque, blackish, antennae with a white annulus, rest of antennae blackish except the scape, which, like the mouth-parts, is reddish ; hind tarsi annulated with white ; wings hyaline, veins and stigma pale. Rogas Nees. Alexeter (Foerster) Wolstedt. Key to Species. Antennae with a white annulus; hind femora and coxse red- dish; notauli wanting honestus Antennae without a pale annulus; scutel reddish; notauli pres- eut; thorax and abdomen pale, unicolorous; head con- qplorous with thorax, face more or less yellow . . . canaliculatus *R. honestus Cresson. Female and male : length 6-8 mm. ; mostly reddish. °R. canaliculatus Provancher. Female and male: length 8-1 1 mm. ; mostly pale honey-yellow to reddish, with the face, mouth-parts, tegulae, fore and mid legs yellowish or pale. Hadrodactylus Foerster. Key to Species. Thorax black; second abdominal segment scarcely longer than broad; hind legs reddish; abdomen sometimes dusky at apex, the latter mostly reddish; trochanters usually, and fore and mid coxse, yellow inceptus Thorax reddish; head black; face and hind tarsi yellow longicornis 19 29O CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. H. inceptus Cresson. Female and male : length 8-12 mm. °H. longicornis Cresson. Female and male : length 10 mm. ; abdomen dark reddish ; areolet sometimes incomplete or wanting; trochanters and fore and mid coxae yellow. Mesoleptidea Viereck. Mesoleptus Authors, not Gravenhorst. Key to Species. 1. Clypeus transversely impressed before apex, usually ridged transversely back of the impression and more or less emarginate at the front edge; hind femora pale 2 Clypeus elevated, without a distinct margin at apex or trans- verse impression before apex; hind femora rufous; petiole of abdomen and coxae rufous; scutel and often part of thorax rufous rufigastra 2. Antennse without a white annulus; abdominal segments black, with apical margins more or less white 3 Antennae reddish albifrons 3. Sternum and scutel white decens Sternum of female honey-yellow, scutel of male with two white stripes zebrata °M. rufigastra Provancher. Female : length 5 mm. ; head and thorax mostly black ; abdo- men mostly reddish. °M. zebrata Davis. Female and male : length 5 mm. ; mostly black, ornamented with pure ivory-white; whitish ornaments in the male not so pure white except on the abdomen. *M. albifrons Cresson. Female : length 9 mm. ; mostly reddish, with the head, pro- notum, mesonotum, abdomen beyond petiole, and apical por- tion of hind tibiae, dusky red to black. *M. decens Cresson. Female and male : length 7-10 mm ; mostly black, ornamented with white. Gausocentrus Foerster. °G. gyrini Ash mead. Male : length 3.5-3.8 mm. ; black* shining, impunctate or apparently so, clothed with sparse grayish hairs that are more in No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 20,1 evidence on the face and metapleura than elsewhere; apex of second dorsal abdominal segment broadly margined with red; petiole of abdomen and second dorsal segment toward base sub- opaque, the former channeled, the latter feebly pitted basally; petiole of abdomen nearly as wide at base as at apex, and about one-fourth longer than the second abdominal segment, third seg- ment about two-thirds as long as the second, the fourth about one-half as long as the third, succeeding segments shorter, sub- equal. Bred from a water beetle of the genus Gyrinus. Catoglyptus Foerster. *C. ? fucatus Cresson. Female : length 6-8 mm. ; color varies from almost uniformly brownish red, to brownish red with the thorax, except mesonotum and scutel, and the upper part of the head, black ; abdomen often dusky or blackish at apex; legs varied with pale yellow, dusky, and blackish ; antennae varying shades of brown, reddish toward apex ; ovipositor exserted ; areolet wanting. Type locality : Connecticut. Notopygus Holmgren. °N. cultus Cresson. Female : length 9 mm. ; almost uniformly reddish, with face and mouth-parts yellowish ; spot enclosing ocelli, another around base of antennae, and dorsum of third and fourth abdominal seg- ments, dusky. Homaspis Foerster. °H. albipes Davis. Female : length 10 mm. ; mostly black, with the abdomen almost entirely reddish ; thorax and head ornamented with white ; upper portion of fore and mid coxae, their tibiae and their tarsi, except apical segments, white; rest of legs mostly reddish; ovipositor scarcely exserted . Polycinetis Foerster. °P. limatus Cresson. Female and male : length 9 mm. ; mostly black ; mouth-parts, tegulae, a point in front of the latter, a line beneath face, and 29« CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. scape beneath in the male, yellow; legs reddish, except the hind tarsi and apex of their femora and tibiae, which are dusky, the latter in addition with more or less white on the basal half, especially in the female; areolet petiolate, oblique. Spanotecnus Foerster. Key to Species. 1. Head, thorax, and usually base of abdomen, coarsely punc- tate 2 Head, thorax, and abdomen distinctly shagreened; body uni- formly whitish yellow, or with dusky patches. Length 5 mm. (male and female) discolor 2. Thorax and most of rest of body dusky; scutel and face mostly yellow obscurellus Body, including thorax, almost or entirely uniformly reddish brown or brownish stramineous concolor *S. obscurellus Davis. Female : length 6 mm. ; propodeum and legs reddish. S. concolor Cresson. Female and male : length 7-9 mm. New Haven, 26 May, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; 17, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B., B. H. W.) ; Mt. Carmel, 24 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). °S. discolor Cresson. Mesoleius Holmgren. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen black or blackish; scutel and apical margin of dorsal abdominal segments more or less white; pleura reddish or white 2 Most of thorax and abdomen reddish, scutel yellow. .. .scapularis 2. Hind tibiae white at base or with a distinct white annulus; mesonotum black; hind coxae and femora reddish submarginatus Hind tibiae without a distinct annulus; face mostly black; scutel with lateral white stripes mellipes *M. scapularis Cresson. Female and male: length 8 mm.; head black; legs reddish, except trochanters and fore and mid coxse, which are yellow ; areolet usually absent. M. submarginatus Cresson. Female and male : length 5-8 mm. ; head black. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 293 °M. mellipes Provancher. Female and male : length 6-7 mm. ; legs mostly dark to pale reddish. Holmgrenia Foerster. *H. tarsalis Cresson. Female : length 8 mm. ; mostly black ; dorsal abdominal seg- ments with distinct, white, apical margins ; pleurae and sternum reddish ; hind distal trochanters and a narrow annulus near the base of hind tibiae, white ; hind coxae rufous ; hind femora black. Type locality: Branford, 3 September, 1904 (H. L. V.). Sphecophaga Westwood. Cacotropa (Foerster) Thomson. °S. burra Cresson. Female : length 7 mm. ; mostly reddish ; head, prothorax, sternum, dorsum of thorax around bases of wings, and scutel, mostly black or blackish ; anterior orbits, pronotum, tegulae, mar- gin of prothorax and anterior margin of mesopleurae, white; areolet absent; ovipositor scarcely exserted. Male: differs in having the thorax almost entirely blackish ; face, lower half of cheeks, scape beneath, pedicel, sternum, fore and mid coxae and trochanters, scutel, and the other parts noted in the description of white portions in the female, white. Dialges Foerster. Key to Species. Hind coxae black; scutel almost always black; hind tibiae and tarsi black or blackish, with a yellow annulus; areolet oblique; length 7 mm. (female and male); mostly black frontalis Hind coxa? rufous; tibiae black with a yellow annulus; scutel yellow; otherwise as in frontalis frontalis var. rivalis °D. frontalis Davis. °D. frontalis var. rivalis Davis. Tryphon Gravenhorst. No distinct transverse impressions before the apex on the first and second dorsal abdominal segments. 294 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Key to Species. 1. Scutel quadrangular, flat above and distinctly margined and beveled laterally seminiger Scutel triangular, not flat above, but subpyramidal 2 2. Abdomen partly rufous; coxae and femora, except apex of lat- ter, reddish communis Abdomen black or blackish communis var. clypeatus T. seminiger Cresson. Female and male : length 6-8 mm. ; head and thorax mostly black ; fore and mid legs mostly brownish stramineous, hind legs mostly dusky or dark brown; most of first, sixth, and seventh (fifth sometimes) dorsal abdominal segments black; areolet pres- ent, oval petiolate; ovipositor slightly exserted. T. communis Cresson. Female and male : length 6-9 mm. ; head and thorax mostly black ; first dorsal abdominal segment with the basal half partly black ; legs mostly reddish ; areolet present, quadrangular, its sides subequal, nearly sessile; ovipositor distinctly exserted. °T. communis var. clypeatus Provancher. Male: differs from the typical form in having the abdomen black or blackish. Quadrigana Davis. °Q. americana Cresson. Female and male: length 9-1 1 mm. ; black, with the abdomen, except basal portion of petiole, reddish in the male ; the face, scape beneath, mouth-parts, tegulae, fore and mid legs, trochan- ters, tarsi, and an annulus on the tibiae of the hind legs pale yellow ; in the female these parts are more nearly reddish, while the face above the clypeus is mostly black. Cosmoconus Foerster. °C. canadensis Provancher. Female and male : length 6-9 mm. ; black ; face, mouth- parts, more or less of antennae at base, fore and mid legs, except more or less of the femora and coxae, hind legs (except coxae, femora and apex of tibiae), tegulae, and more or less of abdomen from apex of first to apex of fifth dorsal segment, pale lemon- yellow ; the third segment always yellow ; antennae brown, red- dish at apex. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 295 Synoecetes Foerster. Key to Species. Face mostly black, clypeus yellow; thorax black; abdomen and legs rufous; fore and mid legs paler; in male, trochan- ters and coxae whitish; mouth parts and tegulae pale yellow, antennae reddish; petiole of abdomen often dusky; wings hyaline, veins and stigma brown. Length 6-7 mm. (female and male) sedulus Face yellow; rest of head mostly black; antennae, legs, and more or less of median dorsal abdominal segments, red- dish; mouth-parts, scape beneath, tegulae, trochanters, fore and mid coxae, whitish yellow; wings hyaline, veins and stigma yellow. Length 7 mm. (male) propinquus S. sedulus Cresson. °S. propinquus Cresson. Provancherella Dalla Torre. Baryceros Provancher. °P. rhopalocera (Provancher). Male : length 8 mm. ; head and thorax black ; abdomen and legs reddish ; face, scape beneath, mouth-parts, cheeks at base of mandibles, tegulse, trochanters, and fore and mid coxae, yellowish white ; antennae pale reddish, with the apical fourth dark brown ; basal segment of abdomen and apex of hind femora and tibiae, more or less black; the apex of the abdomen may be dusky; areolet oblique, petiolate. Otlophorus Foerster. °0. innumerabilis Davis. Female and male : length 4-8 mm. ; mostly black ; abdomen red- dish, with its petiole black, and in some cases with the second and apical segments dusky in the male; legs reddish; coxae, and in some specimens the trochanters, tibiae, and tarsi of hind legs in the male, dusky; tibiae at apex and hind tarsi in the female slightly dusky; apical half of clypeus, mouth-parts, and tegulae, reddish ; antennae black in the male, reddish brown in the female ; areolet oblique, petiolate. °0. innumerabilis var. feria Davis. Differs from the typical form in the coxae being pale reddish or yellow in the male, and in the abdomen being devoid of black except on the basal segment. 296 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Rhimphalea Foerster. *R. erythrogastra Viereck (new species). Female : length 8.5 mm. ; most of front, vertex, occiput, and cheeks black ; rest of head mostly yellow ; scape mostly brown ; pedicel mostly black or blackish ; flagel with its basal half pale brown beneath, dark brown or blackish above, its apical half mostly pale brown throughout ; thorax mostly blacky tegulae, an- terior margin of propleurae, three marks on mesopleurae, scutel mostly and postscutel mostly, yellow ; middle third of propodeum mostly reddish ; wings with a quadrangular petiolate areolet ; fore and mid coxae and trochanters mostly or entirely yellow ; most of the remaining portions of the fore and mid legs brown- ish stramineous ; hind coxae and trochanters mostly yellow ; the femora partly reddish or concolorous with the hind femora, which latter are tipped with dusky and yellow ; hind tibiae yellow- ish at base, with a sub-basal blackish annulus, the remaining portion brown, tipped with dusky, their tarsi mostly blackish ; abdomen mostly reddish, the basal segment black basally, the third and following dorsal segments with an apical yellowish margin, the fourth and following dorsal segments more or less dusky. Type locality: Branford, 1 July, 1905 (H. W. W.). Otoblastus Foerster. O. compressiventris (Cresson). Female : length 5 mm. ; head and thorax black, with a median spot on the face; clypeus, mouth-parts, tegulae, tubercles, a spot or two on the mesopleurae, a triangular spot on the margins of the mesonotum, fore and mid coxae and trochanters, all lemon-yel- low ; rest of legs stramineous ; abdomen reddish ; ultimate, penul- timate, and sometimes the antepenultimate dorsal abdominal seg- ments blackish or black, as is most of the basal dorsal segment ; antennae brownish red ; ovipositor exserted ; abdomen strongly compressed toward apex. Male : differs in the following particu- lars : face entirely, antennae beneath, spot on cheeks beneath, and stripe on anterior half of mesopleurae, yellow ; abdomen blackish, reddish on the second and third dorsal segments; hind coxae black, yellow at apex. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 297 Polyblastus Hartig. Males and females : length 5-7 mm. ; mostly black. Key to Species. Clypeus except at extreme base, mouth-parts, tegulae, a broad annulus on basal middle of hind tibiae, tibial spurs and more or less of basal portion of tarsal segments, white; remainder of hind tibiae and tarsi black; rest of legs red- dish; antennae dark brown, paler at base than elsewhere pedalis Clypeus, mouth-parts, tegulse, fore and mid coxae, and all trochanters, lemon-yellow; upper middle annulus on hind tibiae and basal portion of tarsi white; rest of tibiae and tarsi black or blackish; remainder of legs reddish; antennae brown, paler beneath than above, yellowish in male; first dorsal segment typically blackish, with its apical half pale rufous, second, third, and sometimes adjoining dorsal seg- ments reddish tibialis P. pedalis (Cresson). Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). °P. tibialis (Cresson). Scolobates Gravenhorst. • °S. crassitarsus Gravenhorst. Female : length 8 mm. ; head black except face, mouth-parts, and cheeks, which are reddish : thorax black ; abdomen black, ex- cept beneath, and second and third dorsal segments, all of which are reddish ; coxae, trochanters, base of femora, hind tarsi and their tibiae, except at base, black ; rest of legs reddish ; antennas reddish brown. Monoblastus Hartig. M. varifrons (Cresson). Female and male : length 5-7 mm. ; head and thorax mostly black; abdomen usually reddish, with the basal and apical seg- ments black or piceous, or the abdomen all or nearly all blackish ; color of legs varying from entirely or almost entirely pale red- dish, to dark reddish, with the fore and mid coxae and trochanters yellowish white, and more or less of the hind coxae black, and sometimes the trochanters and apex of tibiae and tarsi of hind legs dusky; most of face, including the clypeus, and the mouth- 298 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. parts, tegulae, tubercles, and usually more or less of the scutel, yellow, or the face only partly yellow ; antennae brown. Erromenus Holmgren. Females and males : length 6-7 mm. ; mostly black. Key to Species. Apical portion of clypeus, mouth-parts, and antennae in fe- male dusky reddish; legs reddish; in male legs may be blackish or black; antennas brownish black in male crassus Apical portion of clypeus dusky reddish to yellowish; tegulae blackish to yellowish, antennae black; legs reddish; coxae and usually trochanters black; hind tibiae with a more or less distinct yellow annulus at base; second, third, and fourth dorsal abdominal segments reddish; third and fourth sometimes blackish or black dimidiatus E. dimidiatus Cresson. Mt. Carmel, 24 May, 1906 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B.). °E. crassus Cresson. Scopiorus Foerster. Females and males : length 6-7 mm. ; mostly black. Key to Species. Face, mouth-parts, scape beneath, tegulae, trochanters, and abdomen beneath, yellow; female in addition with lower half of cheeks, sternum, lower margin of pleurae, fore and mid coxae, and apical margin of last two or three dorsal abdom- inal segments, yellow; male with more or less of a vertical line on face and the clypeal suture yellow; antennae reddish brown in male, in female more yellowish; areolet usually present; legs and first three or four basal dorsal segments of abdomen reddish analis Clypeus, mandibles, palpi, tegulae, and scape beneath, yel- lowish white; legs reddish, often with apex of femora and tibiae and tarsi of hind legs dusky; antennae varying from pale reddish brown to nearly black; areolet usually pres- ent; abdomen varying from reddish with ultimate and pen- ultimate dorsal segments black, to black with second dor- sal segment either reddish or blackish subcrassus S. subcrassus (Cresson). °S. analis (Cresson). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 299 Euceros Gravenhorst. Eumesius Westwood. Key to Species. 1. Hind tibiae reddish, sometimes yellow at base; hind tarsi uni- colorus ; wings faintly dusky at tips 2 Hind tibiae black or dusky, yellow at base; coxae black to yellow; abdomen varied with black and yellow, and always with a more or less distinct median longitudinal yellow stripe; stigma reddish; hind coxae and scutel at base mostly black. Length of body 11 mm. (female and male) .. .canadensis 2. Sternum reddish and concolorous with rest of thorax 3 Sternum lemon-yellow; thorax above black and yellow; mostly yellow. Length 9 mm. (male) thoracicus 3. Abdomen fulvous, with more or less distinct transverse yel- low spots; thoracic vittae yellow; mostly rufo-ferruginous with yellow markings. Length 9-10 mm. (female) . .medialis Abdomen and thorax uniformly pale fulvous; mostly pale dull yellow or yellowish red without distinct yellow mark- ings (female and male) flavescens *E. thoracicus Cresson. Type locality: Connecticut. *E. flavescens Cresson. °E. medialis Cresson. °E. canadensis Cresson. Eczetesis Foerster. °E. paniscoides Ashmead. Female: length 8-10 mm.; mostly honey-yellow, with the abdomen darker toward the apex; face, prothorax, and tarsi paler ; areolet triangular, subpetiolate ; ovipositor exserted. Sympherta Foerster. Key to Species. Female and male: length 8 mm.; head and thorax mostly black; abdomen mostly reddish; nervellus branched below middle burra Female: length 7 mm.; body almost entirely pale brownish yellow; nervellus branched above middle unicolor *S. burra (Cresson). °S. (subgenus?) unicolor (Cresson). 300 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Ctenopelma Holmgren. °C. sanguineum Provancher. Female and male : length 8-10 mm. ; mostly reddish ; female with the scutel, tegulae, and a line on the mesopleurae, and male with the scutel, tegulae, tubercles, a line on the mesopleura;, the sternum, face, orbital lines, and mouth-parts, yellow ; fore and mid legs and prothorax yellowish ; areolet petiolate ; ovipositor slightly exserted. Rhorus Foerster. R. bicolor (Cresson). Female and male : length 7-8 mm. ; head and thorax mostly black, abdomen mostly reddish, in the male blackish at base and apex, in the female dusky at base ; fore and mid legs in the female mostly brownish stramineous or plain stramineous, in the male with the fore and mid coxae and trochanters as well as the tro- chanters of the hind legs, whitish ; hind legs in both sexes mostly reddish ; areolet hardly petiolate, practically sessile ; exserted por- tion of ovipositor a little longer than the second joint of the hind tarsi. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). Exyston Schiodte. Abdomen more or less reddish. Key to Species. 1. Thorax black, with light markings 2 Thorax and head honey-yellow to reddish; petiole of abdo- men carinate; wings hyaline. Length 7-8 mm. (female^ and male) -variatus 2. Scutel entirely yellow; hind coxae reddish; abdomen black at base 3 Scutel yellow only at tip; abdomen blackish at apex; hind coxae black or blackish, hind femora and tibiae reddish, nar- rowly black at base and apex; abdomen mostly reddish, black on first and at base of second, also at base of dor- sal segments on apical portion of abdomen; apical margin of third and following segments usually yellow; face en- tirely yellow. Length 2.9 mm. (male) clavatus 3. Head black, or black and yellow, behind eyes; thorax usually black. Length 6-9 mm. (female and male) ..abdominalis Head reddish behind eyes; thorax more or less reddish; as long as the typical form (female and male) abdominalis var. rufinus No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA.OF CONNECTICUT. 301 E. clavatus Cresson. °E. variatus Provancher. °E. abdominalis Cresson. °E. abdominalis var. rufinus Davis. Anecphysis Foerster. °A. curvineura Davis. Female and male : length 7 mm. ; mostly black ; face, orbital lines at sides of antennae, mouth-parts, tegulae, a line on the meso- pleurse, scutel, coxae of fore and mid legs, all trochanters, apex of hind femora, base of hind tibiae, annulus in the middle of the hind tibiae, a spot at the tip of the abdominal petiole in the middle, a spot on each side at base of the second dorsal, and apical fifth of the second and following dorsal abdominal segments, lemon- yellow ; hind coxae black, rest of hind legs except yellow portions, and all femora, reddish black; fore and mid tibiae and tarsi brownish yellow. A. ruficrus (Walsh). Female : length 5 mm. ; head mostly black, with the sub- antennal protuberance, the pedicel in front and most of the man- dibles, yellow; palpi stramineous; scape in front yellowish brown; flagel pale brown beneath, dark brown above; thorax mostly black ; tubercles, tegulae, a mark at the lateral edge of the mesonotum anteriorly, fore and mid coxae and trochanters, yel- low; hind trochanters also yellow; rest of legs reddish or nearly so; abdomen mostly reddish, first dorsal segment, summit of fourth dorsal, summit and part of sides of fifth dorsal, and nearly all of the following segments, black; exserted portion of ovipositor as long as or a little longer than the first joint of the hind tarsi. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). Exenterus Hartig. Cteniscus Curtis. Key to Species. 1. Thorax black or with yellow markings; scutel more or less yellow; face yellow; abdomen mostly reddish 2 Thorax, abdomen, and legs pale reddish orbitalis 2. Hind coxae reddish or piceous consors Hind coxae lemon-yellow flavicoxae 302 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °E. orbitalis Cresson. Female : length 6 mm. °E. flaxicoxae Cresson. Female and male : length 5 mm. *E. consors Cresson. Female : length 6 mm. Type locality: Connecticut (E. N.). Syrphoctonus Foerster. *S. agilis (Cresson). Bassus agilis Cresson. Male : length 4 mm. ; mostly black ; face beneath antennae, lower part of cheeks, scape beneath, a large mark on each side of the mesothorax, tegulae, a spot before on the scutels, pleurae, except a large mark beneath the wings, base of fore and mid legs, and a basal spot on each side of the third dorsal abdominal seg- ment, yellow ; antennae stramineous beneath ; wings hyaline, veins and stigma brown, areolet wanting ; legs pale honey-yellow, hind tibiae and tarsi blackish, bases of former more or less, and their spurs, pale ; venter of abdomen more or less pale. Type locality: New Haven, 15 July, 1904 (W. E. B.). Promethes Foerster. °P. costalis (Provancher). Bassus costalis Provancher. Female : length 5 mm. ; mostly black ; mouth, palpi, tegulae, a mark in front of tegulae, a line on mesopleurae, costa, the coxae, and trochanters, pale yellow ; hind coxae more or less reddish beneath. Diplazon (Nees) Gravenhorst. Bassus Authors, not Fabricius. *D. frontalis (Cresson). Female : length 5 mm. ; mostly black ; spot on face, sometimes the margins of the clypeus, a spot on the mandibles, palpi, tegulae, a spot or cuneiform mark in front of the tegulae, a short line be- neath the tegulae on the mesopleurae, and a spot at tip of the scutel, white ; legs honey-yellow, tips of hind femora, their tibiae, except bases, which are pale, and their tarsi, black ; wings hyaline ; veins brown, areolet wanting. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 3O3 *D. concinnus (Cresson). Female : length 5.5 mm. ; mostly black ; anterior orbits, clyp- eus, mandibles mostly, palpi, tegulae, a spot in front of tegulae, two spots beneath tegulse, scutel, and postscutel, lemon-yellow; clypeus bilobed at tip; wings hyaline, veins and stigma brown, areolet wanting; legs mostly pale honey-yellow, fore coxae, all trochanters, and tips of femora, yellow; hind tibiae white, the tips of the latter and their tarsi entirely black. Type locality: Connecticut (E. N.). D. laetatorius (Fabricius). Female : length 5 mm. ; mostly black ; antennae dark brown above, pale brown beneath, inner orbits with a luteous margin; clypeus, most of mandibles, and a small spot on the malar space, luteous; palpi, a marginal mark on each side of mesonotum, tegulae, a mark in front of and below the latter, base of wings, a quadrate mark on scutel, and a transverse line on the postscutel, luteous; abdomen beneath mostly brownish stramineous to brown, dorsum of abdomen with the basal joint, except the apical margin, which is reddish, and the second and third seg- ments, which are reddish, mostly black; legs stramineous to brownish stramineous, except the hind tibiae, which are orna- mented by four different annuli, as follows : basal annulus brown, about .5 mm. long, followed by a yellowish white annulus of about the same length, and the latter followed by a brown annulus less than .2 mm. long ; apical .5 mm. of this joint with a stramin- eous annulus ; tarsi of hind legs brown. This species is cosmopolitan. It has been taken in New Haven, 15 July, 1904 ( W. E. B.) ; West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.) and occurs, no doubt, throughout the state. *D. sycophanta (Walsh). Female and male : length 4-6 mm. ; mostly black ; anterior orbits in the female, entire face in the male, clypeus, mandibles, palpi, a spot on each side of the propodeum, the tegulae, two spots beneath the latter, a spot beneath the hind wings, the scutel, and more or less of the fore and mid coxae and trochanters, white or yellowish white ; hind tibiae and their tarsi black, except a broad white annulus ; in some cases the hind tibiae tricolored with black, white, and reddish, or reddish and white; wings hyaline, veins 304 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. and stigma blackish, pale at base, areolet wanting ; legs and abdo- men reddish, the basal segment of the latter often more or less black, as are several segments of the apical half of the abdomen ; in some specimens the abdomen black, with a broad medial red- dish band. New Haven, 24 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). °D. orbitalis (Cresson). Male : length a little less than 4 mm. ; color as in Syrphoctonus agilis, except as follows : no spot before the tip of the scutel ; the greater part of the superior, anterior, and inferior borders of the mesopleurse, a long mark on the scutel, a transverse mark on the postscutel, and more or less of the apical margins of the second and third dorsal abdominal segments, yellow or yellowish ; rest of pleurae black ; legs stramineous or yellowish except the ex- treme tip of* the hind femora and a basal and an apical annulus on their tibiae, which are brown like their tarsi ; hind tibiae yellow- ish white between the dark annuli ; malar space yellow ; face of female with the inner orbits margined with yellow, greater part of face below the antennae black; mesopleurae with less yellow, antennae black; legs somewhat stramineous, with a part thereof rather bright brownish red ; abdomen almost entirely black, other- wise as in the male. D. (Homotropus) bicapillaris (Walsh). Female : length 5 mm. ; black, except as follows : clypeus mostly pale, mandibles mostly yellow, palpi rather stramineous ; pronotum in front with a lateral marginal stripe or mark ; tegulae, tubercles, a line beneath the tegulae, a line between the meso- and metapleuras, posterior edge of scutel, and a sub-basal annulus on the hind tibiae, more or less yellow ; fore and mid legs, as well as the hind coxae, trochanters, and femora, reddish ; hind tibiae, except for the annulus, brownish and blackish, the basal sixth of the annulus being the former color and its apical third the lat- ter; hind tarsi black; wings with an areolet that is subpetiolate. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). D. (Zootrephes) antennatus (Davis). Female : length 4.5 mm. ; head and thorax mostly black ; abdo- men mostly reddish, black at base and apex; face beneath an- tennae and for a short distance above along the eye margins, scape O. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 305 front, mandibles mostly, palpi, tubercles, tegulae, a line be- jath the latter, mesosternum on each side, fore and mid coxae id trochanters, hind coxae beneath, and their trochanters, yellow ; ;dicel yellowish brown ; flagel pale brown ; portions of legs not ascribed as to color, brownish stramineous ; wings without an •eolet. Woodmont, 9 July, 1904 (P. L. B.). Orthocentrus Gravenhorst. °0. nigricoxus Provancher. Female and male : length 3 mm. ; mostly black ; legs pale, hind mora and coxae blackish to black ; face and scape beneath dark oddish in the female, lemon-yellow in the male ; abdomen black > piceous; basal dorsal segment and extreme base of second arsal segment of the abdomen finely pitted, the remainder of the Drsum of the abdomen polished ; wings hyaline and with an reolet. Brephoctonus (Foerster) Ashmead. *B. hygrotrecha Viereck (new species). Female : length 3 mm. ; mostly black above, except apical half f abdomen, which is brownish ; face, mouth-parts and antennae rown, palpi yellowish ; venter of abdomen mostly yellowish ; legs Imost entirely stramineous ; areolet absent ; ovipositor scarcely xserted; tegulae yellowish. Male: differs from female in the :ape being yellowish in front, and in the face, which is lemon- ellow. Type locality: New Haven, where the species was taken 1 une, 1904 (H. L. V.), running on water. Hyperacmus Holmgren. *H. ovatus Davis. Female : length 4 mm. ; mostly black, with legs honey-yellow ; he hind coxae, however, may be blackish ; antennae dusky red, ialer at base than elsewhere, a protuberance beneath the an- ennae blackish red, palpi yellowish white ; abdomen subclavate ; ts ovipositor slightly exserted. Bred from the clothes-moth of the genus Tinea on two differ- :nt occasions, once by Dr. C. V. Riley, and again by one J. H. E., yho reared the species in May, 1885. 20 306 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Exochus Gravenhorst. Key to Species. 1. Hind tibiae without a pale annulus, but with at least the basal two-thirds whitish 2 Hind tibiae black at base and apex, with a white annulus be- tween; abdomen black, or dusky reddish at base 5 2. Hind tibiae reddish to pale honey-yellow, or with at least the basal two-thirds whitish, but always with apex of same dusky to black; thorax with a white stripe or triangular spot in front of tegulae, scutel more or less pale, meso- notum black; abdomen punctate above; first and second pleural areas of propodeum separated by a ridge 3 Hind tibiae unicolorous , 4 3. Abdomen black, or at least with only one or two segments narrowly pale at their apex. Length 5-7 mm. (female and male) pallipes Abdomen with lateral apical corners of second and third dor- sal segments yellow. Length 5 mm. (male) pallipes var. pleuralis 4. Abdomen black, or with apical margins of dorsal segments narrowly pale; second dorsal abdominal segment polished or finely punctate; legs entirely reddish, without a pale line in front of tegulae. Length 3.5-5 mm. (female and male) propinquus Abdomen mostly reddish, black at base, or black at base and apex. Length 7-8 mm. (female and male) semirufus 5. Mesopleurae, and usually most of the thorax, reddish. Length 5.7 mm. (female and male) dorsalis Mesopleurae and rest of mesothorax not reddish; abdomen black throughout; size the same as in the typical form dorsalis var. annulicrus *E. propinquus Cresson. E. semirufus Cresson. New Haven, 15 May, 1905 (B. H. W.), 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Mt. Carmel, 25 May, 1906, Southington, 16 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). E. pallipes Cresson. New Haven, 22 May, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H.L.V.). °E. pallipes var. pleuralis Cresson. °E. dorsalis Cresson. °E. dorsalis var. annulicrus Walsh. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 307 Fig. 9. — Exochus propinquus . Metacoelus Foerster. °M. laevis Cresson. Female and male : length 5-7 mm. ; mostly blackish, with the legs and palpi brownish red, antennae still darker; face with a dark red stain beneath the antennae ; propodeum completely areo- lated. Triclistus Foerster. Key to Species. 1. Thorax and abdomen mostly black 2 Thorax and abdomen reddish or nearly so; hind tibiae not annulate, without white annuli; face white; thorax with white markings; areolet wanting. Length 6 mm. (female and male) atriceps 2. Face and abdomen entirely black; coxae and legs reddish Length 7-8 mm. (female and male) curvator Face yellow to dusky red; abdomen beneath and its ultimate and penultimate dorsal segments reddish. Length 8 mm. (female and male) apicalis °T. atriceps Walsh. °T. apicalis Cresson. °T. curvator Fabricius. 308 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Chorineus Holmgren. Key to* Species. 1. Metapleurae entirely smooth, or with two or three short carinae converging to the junction with hind coxae 2 Metapleurae longitudinally pitted; mesopleurae longitudinally - or diagonally pitted above mid coxae; three distinct carinae on third dorsal abdominal segment; upper part of meta- pleurae smooth and polished, hind femora reddish. Length 4-6 mm. (female and male) costatus 2. Second dorsal abdominal segment scabrous, with one or more carinae, no constriction between this segment and third; face yellow. Length 6-7 mm. (female and male) . . . .carinatus Second dorsal abdominal segment with a median and two distinct lateral carinae; propodeum with six or seven carinae; basal dorsal abdominal segment with five carinae; face yellow or reddish yellow. Length 6-7 mm (female and male cariniger *C. costatus Davis. C. cariniger Walsh. *C. carinatus Cresson. Alcocerus Foerster. °A. trifasciatus Cresson. Female and male : length 9-10 mm. ; mostly black, with yellow markings as follows: antennae, palpi, tegulae, scutel, apical third of first, second and third dorsal abdominal segments, genitalia, more or less of coxae and femora, trochanters, tarsi, and tibiae ex- cept tips of hind pair ; wings dusky hyaline. Periope Curtis. P. asthiops Cresson. Male : length 7 mm. ; mostly black, with the tegulae, a stripe beneath the latter, fore legs beyond the middle of their femora, basal half of mid and hind tibiae, apex of mid femora, and most of venter, yellow ; tarsi of mid and hind legs yellowish brown ; areolet present, triangular. Pseudometopius Davis. °P. hageni Cresson. Femalo and male: length 14 mm. Female: mostly black, with yellowish white markings as follows: short line along th^ margin No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 3O9 of the face in the emargination of the eyes, an inverted U beneath antennae, spot beneath eyes, labrum, clypeus excepting two black dots, palpi, most of mandibles, tegulae, a line be- neath the latter, spot on anterior pleurae, apex of scutel, fore and mid legs except coxae and hind portion of femora, and basal por- tion of hind tibiae and tarsal segments ; areolet subpetiolate. Male differs in having the entire face, spot on scape beneath, and more or less of the legs, yellowish white. Metopius Panzer. An undetermined species of this genus has been bred from Bombycids and Noctuids in Europe. M. pollinctorius Say. Female and male: length 13-16 mm.; facial shield without a distinct median carina ; thorax black, with yellow markings ; ab- domen with most of the dorsal segments apically margined with yellow, but only the apical corners of the second segment yellow ; basal segment pyramidal, bituberculate, mostly yellow ; apex of scutel more or less yellow ; hind tibiae and tarsi black or blackish, or with a faint yellow line on tibiae beneath. Westville, 19 September, 1904 (W. E. B.). Grotea Cresson. °G. anguina Cresson. Length 14-17 mm. ; mostly brown or brownish stramineous maculated with yellow ; wings clear ; fore and mid legs mostly yellow ; hind legs largely brownish stramineous ; exserted portion of ovipositor about half the length of the abdomen. Labena Cresson. °L. grallatrix Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 25. Length 14-21 mm. ; body more or less brown, variegated with brownish yellow to yellow ; wings dark brown, with a more or less distinct, oblique, subhyaline or hyaline streak beyond the basal half; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as the abdomen. Euxorides Cresson. *E. (Calliclisis) americanus Cresson. Length 11.5 mm.; body mostly black; scape and pedicel be- neath, palpi, tubercles, tegulae, bases of wings, lower border of 3IO CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. prothorax, and most of fore and mid legs, yellow or yellowish; mandibles and all tarsi more or less brown ; hind coxae and their femora mostly reddish stramineous, the latter tinged with brown- ish above, especially at base and apex ; their proximal trochanters mostly brown, their distal trochanters mostly yellow ; hind tibiae almost entirely concolorous with their tarsi ; wings hyaline, tinted with brown, stigma and veins dark; more or less of the dorsal abdominal segments with a rather obscure apical margin of a yellowish hue; exserted portion of ovipositor about half the length of the abdomen. Xylonomus Gravenhorst. Key to Species. i. Body either without pale markings or with inconspicuous ones -. 2 Body conspicuously marked with yellow, length 12 mm.; ex- serted portion of ovipositor about as long as abdomen; wings transparent, tinted with brownish; fore and mid legs mostly stramineous, hind legs mostly brown; antennae of female with a yellow annulus near their tips, of male apparently uniformly brown albopictus 2. Almost uniformly blackish or black, legs included, except knees, base of tarsi, an annulus near apex of tarsi and an annulus near middle or at middle of antennae, all of which are more or less yellow; wings darker than in albopictus; length 10-24 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as body; antennae of male uniformly dark brown or blackish stigmapterus Color mostly as in stigmapterus, from which it differs notably in the tegulaa, which are brownish stramineous, in the pale annulus of the female antennae being near the tips of the same, and in the fore and mid legs being almost entirely red- dish stramineous. Length 15 mm. or somewhat shorter humeralis °X. albopictus Cresson. °X. stigmapterus Say. °X. humeralis Say. Xorides Gravenhorst. °X. vittifrons Cresson. Female: length 15-20 mm.; a rather M-shaped mark below the border along the inner orbits, a mark on the malar space, and No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 3II ipper edge of pronotum, yellow ; scutel and postscutel each with 1 transverse yellow mark ; scape and pedicel brown ; mandibles riack ; wings rather yellowish brown ; legs almost entirely stra- mineous to reddish stramineous, except tips of mid and hind fem- ora above and more or less of mid and hind tibiae and tarsi, which ire more or less brown ; exserted portion of ovipositor about as ong as the body ; yellow bands on dorsum of abdomen conspicu- ous. Male: differs in having all of the face below antennae ex- :ept clypeus and mandibles which are mostly black, first, second, :hird and fourth joints of antennae partly, lower margin of pro- lotom, fore and mid coxae and trochanters and articulating ends of fore and mid tibiae and of hind coxae and tibiae basally, more or less luteous or yellow ; otherwise about as in the female, but with the hind femora mostly brown above, reddish below ; first, second, third and fourth dorsal abdominal segments each with in apical yellow band. Odontomerus Gravenhorst. Wings transparent, with a dark tint ; head and thorax almost entirely black ; exserted portion of ovipositor nearly one and one- lalf times as long as the body, which is 15 mm. long or less. Key to Species. Abdomen and legs almost entirely reddish tricolor Abdomen black; legs, except hind tibiae and tarsi, which are brown, reddish stramineous or stramineous mellipes O. mellipes Say. New Haven, 14 August, 1905, Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Yalesville, 17 June, 1903 (W. E. B.). °0. bicolor Cresson. Phytodietus Gravenhorst. Mostly black; wings hyaline; legs mostly reddish; abdomen oanded with yellow above; exserted portion of ovipositor some- what longer than the abdomen. Length 4-9 mm. Key to Species. Dorsulum without maculations; hind legs reddish, except their tibiae and tarsi, which are mostly brown distinctus 312 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Dorsulum maculated with yellow; legs reddish, except prox- imal trochanters, which are mostly black, distal trochan- ters and extreme base and apex of femora, which are^yel- low, a brown annulus near base and apex of latter, ex- treme bases of their tibiae and line on the tibiae, which are yellowish, and rest of tibiae and all their tarsi, which are dark brown vulgaris P. vulgaris Cresson. Poquonock, 27 June, 1905; New Haven, 22 June, 1904 (H. L. V.). °P. distinctus Cresson. Meniscus Schiodte. Key to Species. 1. Wings uniformly hyaline; body mostly black 2 Wings hyaline, tipped with fuscous; head and thorax black, maculated with yellow; fore and mid legs mostly yellow, hind pair mostly brown; abdomen reddish, with first and second dorsal segments blackish, banded with yellow; length 8-12 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor equalling or exceeding abdomen in length elegans 2. Sternum and sides of thorax more or less pale, reddish stra- mineous or reddish 3 Sternum and sides of thorax mostly or entirely black; fore and mid coxae and trochanters stramineous and yellowish, their femora stramineous; hind coxae and trochanters red- dish stramineous, hind knees yellowish, hind femora mostly brown, reddish on basal half; fore tibiae reddish stramin- eous; mid tibiae brownish stramineous; hind tibiae brown, with a basal whitish annulus, their metatarsi whitish, their tarsi otherwise brown; fore tarsi stramineous to brownish stramineous; mid tarsi brownish; exserted por- tion of ovipositor about half the length of abdomen. Length 1 1 mm superbus 3. Thorax with its pleurae and sternum partly or mostly red- dish 4 Thorax partly or mostly yellow on its pleurae and sternum; face and cheeks mostly yellow; dorsum of thorax macu- lated with yellow; apical margin of dorsal abdominal seg- ments with a rather broad yellowish band; fore and mid legs mostly yellow, hind legs mostly stramineous to red- dish stramineous, their coxae yellow, with a black stripe and an apical brown annulus pulcherrimus 4. Very like superbus, but without an annulus at base of hind metatarsi; exserted portion of ovipositor longer than in superbus scutellaris No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 313 Length 7 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor a little longer than body; abdomen narrowly banded with yellow at apex of some of dorsal segments; fore and mid coxae mostly yellow; hind coxae black, striped with yellow; tro- chanters mostly yellow; femora and tibiae mostly brown- ish stramineous; hind femora with an especially dark brown annulus at apex, fore tarsi stramineous; middle tarsi brownish stramineous; hind tarsi mostly brown mirabilis *M. pulcherrimus Cresson. Type locality: Connecticut (E. N.). M. superbus Provancher, PI. ix, Fig. 3. Torrington, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.), at flowers of manna grass (Glyceria) ; Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.), on flow- ers of water hemlock (Cicuta tnaculata). M. elegans Cresson. West Thompson, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). °M. (Bathycetes) scutellaris Cresson. °M. (Asphragis) mirabilis Cresson. Lissonota Gravenhorst. Lampronota Curtis. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen entirely or almost entirely black above 2 Abdomen above more or less pale colored 7 2. Hind coxae reddish 3 Hind coxae practically entirely black; hind legs with a broad white annulus at bases of their tibiae; face and tegulae white. Length 11-12 mm tegularis 3. Pleurae unicolorous 4 Pleurae variegated with a yellow or reddish mark before mid coxae; scutel more or less whitish 6 4. Pleurae and scutel black; abdomen punctate 5 Pleurae and scutel whitish. Length 10 mm pulchella 5. Mesonotum with its lateral margin before tegulae more or less yellow; hind femora not black at tips; dorsal abdominal segments entirely black; length 9 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor as long as or longer than abdomen insita Mesonotum black, immaculate; length 6-8 mm.; exserted por- tion of ovipositor as long as or longer than abdomen punctulata 6. Length 12-13 mm.; areolet petiolated; abdomen coarsely punctate; length of exserted portion of ovipositor about as in insita cressoni 314 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Length 6-8 mm.; areolet petiolated; exserted portion of ovi- positor somewhat shorter than body pleuralis 7. Abdomen above reddish and black or yellowish and black.. 8 Abdomen above entirely' reddish; thorax black 15 8. Base and apex of abdomen black 9 Base or apex of abdomen black, but not both 13 9. Legs mostly pale yellowish, hind femora and tarsi black- ish; scutel more or less yellow 10 Legs at least partly reddish 12 10. Pale portion of abdomen above yellow or yellowish red. Length 1 1. 5-12 mm .varia Pale portion of abdomen above reddish II 11. Hind coxse yellow at apex and without a long yellow stripe Length 1 1 mm appalachia Hind coxae yellow at apex and with a long yellow stripe Length 13.5 mm relativa 12. Scutel black; length 7-8 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor as long as or a little longer than body frigida Scutel yellow. Length 7-9 mm. (male) philipi 13. Base, only, of abdomen black 14 Apex, only, of abdomen black; length 7-8 mm.; exserted por- tion of ovipositor about as long as abdomen agilis 14. Legs entirely black; length 12 mm.; exserted portion of ovi- positor about as long as body americana Legs mostly reddish to stramineous, partly brown and yel- low (male) philipi 15. Scutel black; length 9 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor about 9 mm. long exilis Scutel more or less yellow; exserted portion of ovipositor and body as long as in exilis rubrica *L. (Nadia) appalachia (Viereck). *L. cressoni, new name. L occidentalis Cresson (preoccu- pied). *L. punctulata (Cresson). *L. rubrica (Cresson). New Haven, 10 July, 1905, Scotland, 10 August, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; West Haven, 27 September, 1905 (H. L. V.). *L. exilis (Cresson). *L. philipi Viereck (new species). Head and thorax mostly black ; abdomen mostly pale ; scape and pedicel in front, face beneath antennae and along the inner eye margins above the insertion of antennae, superior and inferior margins of pronotum, a mark on each side of mesonotum, Mo. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 315 greater part of lower half of mesopleurae, nearly all of meso- sternum, scutel, spot on metapleurae, and the coxae of fore and nid legs, yellow ; femora and tibiae of fore and mid legs reddish itramineous, the tarsi of fore and mid legs brownish ; hind legs ilmost entirely reddish; first segment of abdomen black above, :xcept for an apical yellowish margin; second dorsal abdominal iegment black, barring the apical and basal margins, which are yellowish ; rest of dorsum of abdomen more or less reddish stra- nineous, with an addition of dusky spots or stains in some cases. Variations occur in the extent of the yellow on the thorax, in he extent of black on the second dorsal abdominal segment, and n the pale color of the dorsum of the abdomen being reddish in some individuals, but the pattern is always essentially as in the ype. Type locality: New Haven, 19 July, 1905 (B. H. W.), 6 July, [904, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; also from Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H. L- V.). L. (Alloplasta) varia (Cresson). Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). L. (A.) americana (Cresson). Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig- 3- °L. (A.) tegularis (Cresson). °L. (A.) pulchella (Cresson). °L. (A.) pleuralis (Cresson). °L. (A.) insita (Cresson). °L. (Harrimaniella) relativa (Viereck). L. frigida (Cresson). Yalesville, 19 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). Parasitic on a spe- :ies of sawfly (Nematus). °L. agilis (Cresson). Arenetra Holmgren. Mostly black; wings hyaline; pubescence rather long and dense ; head and thorax with their pubescence whitish. Key to Species. Tegulse and hind femora black nigrita Tegulas yellowish white ventralis 3l6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °A. nigrita Walsh. °A. ventralis Cresson. Glypta Gravenhorst. Key to Species. 1. Black, or black and reddish stramineous and reddish with pale markings 2 Black, variegated with white; length 7 mm.; face, including mandibles, more or less white; palpi, ventrum and sides of thorax, teguke, clypeus, scutel, and postscutel, white; rest of thorax above, abdomen beneath, and its dorsal seg- ments at base and apex, all more or less white; coxae and trochanters of fore and mid legs, and most of hind tarsi, white; rest of legs mostly yellowish red; wings hyaline, veins and stigma dark; exserted portion of ovipositor as long as abdomen phoxopteridis 2. Body above almost entirely black 3 Body above extensively maculated with luteous or whitish; thorax above mostly reddish stramineous; head mostly luteous; abdomen banded; fore and mid legs stramineous; hind legs varicolored, their tibiae each with two luteous annuli; first tarsal joint of hind legs with a basal luteous annulus; length 5-10 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor about three-fourths the length of abdomen scitula 3. Thorax beneath more or less reddish 4 Thorax black, except tubercles and tegulae, which are yellow- ish; antennae dark brown; legs mostly reddish stramineous; hind femora and tibiae brown at apex; the latter brown above and with a brown annulus separated from the base by a yellowish annulus, greater part of their middle half yellowish; tarsi of fund legs brown, with first, second, and third joints yellowish at base; propodeum not areolated; length 7-8 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor a little longer than abdomen erratica 4. Legs in color about as in erratica, but otherwise differing from that species and vulgaris 5 Legs nearly the same color as in erratica; exserted portion of ovipositor longer than abdomen; tegulae and tubercles yellow; scutel pale. Length 6.5 mm vulgaris 5. Length less than 10 mm 6 Length 10 mm.; hind legs reddish stramineous or reddish, with apex of femora brownish, tibiae mostly dark brown, partly dark reddish, tarsi all dark brown; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as abdomen simplicipcs 6. Thorax with pronotum yellowish; length 7.5 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor about 7.5 mm. long animosa NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 7>l7 Collar or pronotum black, scutel pale; male antennae pale yel- lowish or orange; propodeum areolated; length 7-9 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor a little shorter than abdo- men rufiscutellaris *G. rufiscutellaris Cresson. °G. (Conoblasta) vulgaris Cresson. °G. (C.) erratica Cresson. Scudder, Butterflies of New Eng- land, Vol. iii, PI. 88, Fig. 7. Parasitic on (Grapta) Polygonia comma. °G. animosa Cresson. °G. simplicipes Cresson. °G. phoxopteridis Weed. Parasitic on the strawberry leaf-roller (Phoxopteris com- tanay. °G. (Toxophoroides) scitula Cresson. . Clistopyga Gravenhorst. C. annulipes (Cresson). Glypta annulipes Cresson, Ashmead. Female: length 12 mm. ; mostly black; pale as follows: more or less complete inner orbital margin, clypeus, part of mandibles, mark on each cheek near mandibles, palpi, superior lateral mar- gin of pronotum, tubercles, tegulae, extreme bases of wings, most of fore legs, a nearly median annulus on mid and hind tibiae, and basal portions of tarsi of mid and hind legs, yellowish ; coxae, tro- chanters, and femora of mid and hind legs, reddish ; tibiae and tarsi of mid and hind legs mostly brown or brownish ; dorsal abdominal segments with their apical edges yellow ; exserted por- tion of ovipositor nearly half the length of the abdomen. Stonington, 1 June, 1906 (B. H. W.). Polysphincta Gravenhorst. P. rubricapensis Provancher. Length 5-6 mm. ; mostly black ; antennae mostly dark brown, tipped with brownish yellow, palpi pale ; wings transparent tinted with brown ; stigma and veins brown ; legs stramineous to reddish stramineous, except mid and hind tarsi, which are brown with the basal portion of the joints annulated with yellowish, and mid and hind tibiae, which are brown with a yellowish annulus at ex- 3l8 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. treme base and a yellowish annulus occupying practically the middle third; exserted portion of ovipositor about two-thirds the length of the abdomen. Torrington, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). P. texana Cresson. Female : length 8 mm. ; mostly black ; antennae dark brown throughout ; fore coxae mostly brown to blackish but with stramin- eous tips ; mid legs with their tibiae dark beneath, mostly yellow above, but with an apical and a sub-basal brown mark, their tarsi brown, except the basal joint, which is mostly yellow, and with an apical brownish band ; hind femora with the apical third dusky ; the hind tibiae beneath dark brown or rather blackish, above with the basal two-fifths black, the following three-tenths whitish, the rest black ; tarsi of hind legs black, but with the basal half of the first joint yellow ; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as the mid femora. Mr. R. A. Cushman has reared this species from the spider Steatoda borealis. *P. pontiaci Viereck (new species). Male : length 6 mm. ; fore coxae stramineous ; fore and mid legs stramineous, except tip of mid tibiae and tip of first joint of mid tarsi ; hind trochanters whitish ; hind coxae and femora reddish stramineous, apex of latter brownish ; basal sixth of hind tibiae whitish, next sixth brown, following third whitish, apical third brown ; tarsal joints whitish to yellowish to brown ; antennae yellowish beneath, brown above ; otherwise much the same in color as texana. Type locality: Cheshire, 8 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). Scambus Hartig. Pimpla Authors, not Fabricius. Body mostly black ; wings transparent ; more or less deeply tinted with brownish or yellowish brown ; fore and mid legs almost without exception stramineous to reddish stramineous; hind legs as a rule with coxae, trochanters, and femora stramin- eous to reddish, their tibiae and tarsi usually varicolored. Key to Species. Most or all of abdomen above black 2 Most of abdomen reddish 16 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 319 2. Legs yellowish red; hind pair varied with black or white or both 3 Legs entirely yellowish red or red, sometimes infuscated. . . . 15 3. Hind tibiae and tarsi entirely black or fuscous; length 8-14 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor a little longer than thorax pedalis Hind tibiae and tarsi blackish or dark brown, annulated with whitish, or only the former annulated 4 4. Hind tarsi entirely blackish or fuscous 5 Hind tarsi not entirely blackish or fuscous 6 5. Scutel black; tegulae and fore coxae black; length 6-10 mm.; length of exserted portion of ovipositor as in marginatus tenuicornis Scutel black; tegulae white; fore coxae yellowish red; length 5-13 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor a little shorter than thorax marginatus 6. More than one joint of hind tarsi partly whitish 7 Only basal half of first joint of hind tarsi whitish; tibiae black and with a whitish annulus near base; antennae fus- cous above, yellowish beneath, with black sutures; meso- notum with two short white lines; scutel white. Length 8 mm picticornis 7. Hind tarsi white, their joints tipped with blackish, with the exception of the fourth joint, at least in conqwisitor, which is entirely dark brown or black 8 Hind tarsi with only first and second joints mostly white, tipped with blackish; scape white; length 4-6 mm.; ex- serted portion of ovipositor about as long as head and thorax combined indagator 8. Antennae brown or reddish 9 Antennae pale yellowish, with black sutures; length 9-11 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor a little longer than head and thorax combined -. annulicornis 9. Dorsal abdominal segments without a whitish margin; areo- let complete 10 Dorsal abdominal segments apically with a whitish margin; length 5-15 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as thorax or somewhat shorter conquisitor io. Pleurae black 1 1 Pleurae more or less red; clypeus more or less, anterior orbits, tegulae, a line before the scutel, and tip of scutel, white *4 11. Head of female entirely black; face of male whitish 12 Only clypeus, scape beneath, tegulae and most of fore and mid legs, white. Length 6-9 mm. (male) alborictus 12. Areolet sessile x3 Areolet petiolate inquisitoriellus var. investigator 320 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 13. Length 5-11 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor a little longer than thorax inquisitoriellus Length 10 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor 7 mm. long . . tecumseh 14. Pleurae almost entirely red; two dots below antennae, a dot on each side of propodeum, and all of clypeus, white; length 6-10 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as thorax rufop«ctus Pleurae red only before mid coxae; tip of clypeus more or less blackish; no white dots below insertion of antennae; pro- podeum immaculate; size of body and ovipositor practic- ally as in rufopectus scriptifrons 15. Thorax entirely black, smooth, and polished; length 8-10 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor longer than thorax . . pterelas Mesopleurae and scutel reddish; length 6-10 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor distinctly longer than abdomen, .notandus 16. Legs reddish; length 4-8 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor shorter than thorax rufovariatus Legs mostly yellowish; head mostly black; thorax brownish stramineous, propodeum castaneous; length 12 mm.; ex- serted portion of ovipositor as long as or slightly longer than body grapholithse *S. (Scambus) tecumseh Viereck (new species). Type locality: West Haven, 27 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). S. (S.) notandus (Cresson). Yalesville, 12 October, 1906 (W. E. B.). S. (S.) pterelas (Say). Stonington, 2 August, 1906 (J. A. Hyslop) ; Sachem's Head, 1 August, 1904, Rockville, 23 August, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Torring- ton, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). S. (Pimplidea) pedalis (Cresson). Has been bred from the following : Galls of Saperda concolor, the American tent-caterpillar (Malacosoma americana) , M. dis- stria, Isia Isabella, the gipsy moth (Porthetria dispar) and Tor- trix fumiferana. Lyme, 29 May, 1910, Thompson, 4 May, 1910 (A. B. C.) ; New Haven, 6 July, 1904, 31 October, 1903 (H. L. V.), 19 August, 1904 (P. L. B.), 7 August, 1905, 27 April, 1907, 2 May, 1913 (W. E. B.), 30 July, 1911 (A. B. C.) ; Portland, 8, 15 August, 1913, (B. H. W.) ; Meriden, May, 1913 (H. L. Johnson). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 321 °S. (P.?) annulicornis (Cresson). S. (Iseropus) inquisitoriellus (Dalla Torre). Pimpla in- quisitor Say. Howard, Insect Book, Fig. 38 (adult stage), Fig. 39 (early stages), Fig. 40 (cocoons). Morley * regards this as a synonym of the European (Epiurus) Scambus graminellce Schrank. Is on record as a primary parasite of the American tent-cater- pillar (Malacosoma americana) and as a secondary parasite of the beneficial Ameloctonus fugitivus, also as an important para- site of the white-marked tussock moth caterpillar (Hemerocampa leuco stigma) ; has been reared from egg cocoons of the spiders Argiope riparia and Epeira angulata, and from larvae feeding externally on the caterpillar of Laverna eloisella feeding within the stems of Oenothera; other hosts are as follows: bag-worm (Thyridopteryx ephemerceformis), Gnorimoschema gallcesolid- aginis, Grapholitha olivaceana, Coleophora cinerella, an unknown leaf-roller on ash, Phycita juglandis, an unknown Californian Tineid, Malacosoma constricta, and M. calif ornica. \ Berlin, 30 June, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Branford, 3 September, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 6, 14 August, 1906 (P. L. B.). Bred from larva of Malacosoma americana collected at Stoning- ton, June, 1913 (W. E. B.). S. (I.) inquisitoriellus var. investigator (Walsh). Canterbury, 14 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). S. (Itoplectis) conquisitor (Say). Pimpla conquisitor Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ix, Fig. 10. According to Fiske this is perhaps the most common hymen- opterous parasite of the American tent-caterpillar (Malacosoma americana) . Other hosts are the forest tent-caterpillar (Malaco- soma disstria), the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leuco stigma), the bag-worm (Thyridopteryx ephemerceformis), the cotton worm (Aletia argillacea), Phryganidea calif ornicat, Mineola indigenella, Phacellura hyalinitalis, an unknown Texan Tortricid on cedars, Argirolepia quercifoliana, Archips cerasivor- ana, (Rogas) Aleiodes intermedius and Ameloctonus fugitivus. The records of W. E. B., H. W. W., E. J. S. M., P. L. B., J. A. Hyslop, and H. L. V. collectively indicate the occurrence ♦Revision of Ichneumonida?, Part iii, 1914. 21 322 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. of this species throughout the state in May, June, July, August, and October. Bred from larvae of Malacosoma americana collected at Stonington, June, 1913 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 9 October, 1911 (W. E. B.) ; Portland, 10 August, 1913 (B. H. W.). S. (I.) marginatus (Provancher). Pimpla annulipes Authors, not Brulle. PI. ix, Fig. 10. Morley * regards this as a synonym of the European Scambus turionellce (Linnaeus). This is an American parasite of the cosmopolitan codling moth (Carpocapsa pomonella) ; other hosts are: (Apatura) Chlorippe clyton (?), (Papilio) Iphidicles ajax, the white- marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leuco stigma), and the lesser peach borer {Synanthedon pictipes). Stonington, 26 July, 1906 (J. A. Hyslop), 19 June, 1 July, 1906 (B. H. W.) ; North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L, V.) ; West Haven, 21 May, 1910 (A. B. C), 29 June, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 25 May, 1905 (B. H. W.), 20 July, 1906 (W. E. B.). S. (Delomerista) tenuicornis (Cresson). Morley * regards this as a variety of the European Scambus turionellce. (Linnaeus). Parasitic on Sesia caudata. Branford, 1 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Milldale, 21 May, 1906 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 4 May, at flowers of honeysuckle [Lonicera fragrantissima) (H. L. V.). S. (Calliephialtes) grapholithae (Cresson). Host : Grapholitha caryana, an inhabitant of hickory nut hulls. Storrs, 26 October, 1905 (W. E. B.). S. (Tromatobia) rufopectus (Cresson). Reared from the cocoons of an Epeirid spider in May by W. H. Patton. S. (T.?) picticornis (Cresson). °S. (T.) scriptifrons (Cresson). °S. (T.?) alborictus (Cresson). Belongs to the subgenus Scambus, according to Morley.* °S. (T.) rufovariatus (Cresson). °S. (Eremochila) indagator (Walsh). Morley* regards this as a synonym of the European Scambus detritus (Holmgren). •Revision of Ichneumonidae, Part iii, 1914. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 323 Theronia Holmgren. °T. atalantffi fulvescens Cresson. Length 6-12 mm. ; entirely stramineous, with yellowish trans- parent wings; exserted portion of ovipositor shorter than the abdomen. Parasitic on Scambus conqnisitor, a primary parasite of the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leucostigma), and a tertiary parasite on the American tent-caterpillar (Malacosoma americana), also a parasite on the gipsy moth (Porthetria dis- par). T. melanocephala Brulle. Possibly parasitic on Scambus pedalis, and a parasite on the gipsy moth (Porthetria dispar). Bred from (Eudamus) Epargy- reus tityrus by A. B. Champlain. Readily distinguished from fulvescens by the head, which, as the name indicates, is black in melanocephala. Portland, 10 August, 1913 (B. H. W.). Hymenoepimecis Viereck. Epimecis Brulle. °H. wilti (Cresson). This is a conspicuous species about 15 mm. long, with its head, including antennae, almost entirely black; rest of body stramineous to brownish stramineous, except the abdomen at apex, where it is blackish, and sheaths of ovipositor, which are blackish ; exserted portion of ovipositor approximately four-fifths as long as the abdomen ; wings yellowish transparent, with a fuscous border apically in the fore wings, and a median fuscous band in the same extending from the anterior margin to the posterior edge. Ichneumon Linnaeus. Ephialtes Gravenhorst. Wings transparent, colorless, or tinted with yellowish brown ; head and thorax mostly black. Key to Species. I. Abdomen above entirely or mostly black a Abdomen above mostly red; length 13-20 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor a little longer than body; fore and 324 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. mid legs mostly yellow, hind legs mostly brownish stra- mineous, except their coxae, which are black irritator 2. Length over 14 mm 3 Length less than 14 mm 4 3. Exserted portion of ovipositor much longer than body; legs mostly brownish stramineous, except hind tibiae and hind tarsi, which are brown tuberculatus Exserted portion of ovipositor not much longer than body; legs as in tuberculatus mesocentrus 4. Exserted portion of ovipositor as long as or shorter than body 5 Exserted portion of ovipositor longer than body; legs as in tuberculatus macer 5. Exserted portion of ovipositor as long as body; legs as in tuberculatus comstocki Exserted portion of ovipositor shorter than body; fore and mid legs yellow, except their tarsi, which are more or less brownish; hind legs in female with coxae and femora mostly reddish stramineous, their trochanters, tibiae, and tarsi mostly brown; in male, hind coxae stramineous and femora of hind legs mostly brown albipes I. irritator (Fabricius). Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 8. This is an American parasite of the cosmopolitan beetle Cryp- torhynchus lapathi. Also parasitic on Liopus variegatus. Salisbury, 27 August, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 21 April, 191 1 (A. B. C). I. tuberculatus (Fourcroy). °I. (Calliephialtes) comstocki (Cresson). Tegulas white ; veins fuscous, stigma also fuscous, but with a pale spot at base. Parasitic on Evetria comstockiana, which bores into the twigs and small branches of the pitch pine (Pinus rigida). °I. albipes (Cresson). °I. mesocentrus (Gravenhorst). Ephialtes rex (Kriech- baumer). °I. macer (Cresson). Megarhyssa Ashmead. Thalessa Holmgren. Key to Species. I. Wings without dark patches 2 Wings with dark patches, otherwise transparent, tinted with No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 325 yellowish or brownish yellow; length of most specimens much more than 15 mm 4 2. Length much more than 15 mm 3 Length less than 15 mm.; thorax and abdomen entirely black nitida 3. Female mostly blackish, with fuscous wings; male mostly dark brown, with a dark brown median stripe or area on propodeum; exserted portion of abdomen about as in lunator atrata Both sexes mostly pale brown; wings not fuscous; male without a median dark brown area or stripe on propodeum; exserted portion of ovipositor about as in lunator; abdo- men laterally with yellow spots, at least in female nortoni 4. Body mostly pale brown in color; exserted portion of ovi- positor not much longer than body, or about twice the length of body 5 Body mostly dark brown in color; exserted portion of ovi- positor somewhat more than twice the length of the body; fore wings dark brown along basal vein as well as else- where lunator 5. Fore wings dark brown along basal vein as well as else- where; exserted portion of ovipositor twice as long as the body lunator Fore wings not dark brown, except in basal third of radial cell, or in its basal half, and in part of adjoining portion of cubitodiscoidal cell greenei M. atrata (Fabricus). PI. ix, Figs. 5, 6. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ix, Fig. 1. New Haven, 25 May, 1896 (W. C. Sturgis), June, 1906 (W. E. B.), August, 1906 (B. H. W.). M. lunator (Fabricus). PI. ix, Fig. 4. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ix, Figs. 3, 4 ; Text Figs. 35, 36. Parasitic on Tremex columba. New Haven, 25 May, 1896, 25 May, 1898, 4 August, 1896 (W. C. Sturgis), June, 1906 (W. E. B.), August, 1906 (B. H. W.). M. nortoni (Cresson). Howard, Insect Book, PI. viii, Fig. 38. M. nitida (Cresson). Wallingford, 30 November, 1912 (D. J. Caffrey). M. greenei Viereck. New Haven, 10 August, 1909 (A. I. Bourne). 326 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Rhyssa Gravenhorst. Nearly as large as Megarhyssa; black, with yellow mark- ings; wings transparent and tinted with yellowish or yellowish brown; legs mostly reddish stramineous. Key to Species. Antennae with a yellow annulus albomaculata Antenna? without a yellow annulus, but uniformly blackish.. persuasoria R. albomaculata Cresson. Hamden, 15 June, 191 1 (W. E. B.). °R. persuasoria Linnaeus. Arotes Gravenhorst. Length 10-17 mm.; antennae with a yellow annulus or with the greater part of the apical half yellowish except tips. Key to Species. 1. Second recurrent vein interstitial with cubital vein 2 Second recurrent vein not interstitial with cubital vein 4 2. Mostly black, with yellowish maculae 3 Stramineous, with black maculae; exserted portion of ovipos- itor about as long as abdomen venustus 3. Hind femora black; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as body f ormosus Hind femora testaceous; exserted portion of ovipositor longer than abdomen vicinus 4. Hind femora not black 5 Hind femora black, tipped with yellowish; exserted portion of ovipositor as in f ormosus amoenus 5. Hind femora stramineous, tipped with black; exserted por- tion of ovipositor as long as or a little longer than body . . decorus Hind femora stramineous throughout or at most with ex- treme base brownish vicinus A. amcenus Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 24. Colebrook, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). A. decorus Say. °A. vicinus Cresson. °A. formosus Cresson. °A. venustus Cresson. , No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 327 Coleocentrus Gravenhorst. C. rufus Provancher. Length 17 mm. ; mostly reddish ; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as the abdomen, its sheaths blackish ; wings trans- parent, almost clear, faintly tinged with yellowish brown. New Haven, 30 May, 191 1 (A. B. G). Gelis Thunberg. Pezomachus Gravenhorst. Key to Species. Females. 1. Head black or fuscous 2 Head reddish or yellowish; first abdominal segment distinctly dilated at tip 6 2. Thorax at least partly black or blackish 3 Thorax uniformly pale brown ottawaensis 3. Thorax uniformly piceous brown or black; abdominal petiole entirely black; legs, or at least coxae and femora, black.. 4 Thorax bicolored 5 4. Antennae less than 40-jointed 9 Antennae 40-jointed thripites 5. Thorax with its anterior node reddish, its posterior node more or less black; first abdominal segment with prom- inent tubercles and scarcely dilated behind them; antennae 23-jointed gentilis Thorax black; antennae 19-jointed, reddish maculicollis 6. Abdomen partly black or piceous 7 Abdomen wholly reddish, sometimes very slightly infuscated; exserted portion of ovipositor as long as or longer than abdomen; antennae 24- or 25-jointed unicolor 7. Length over 4 mm,, or not colored as in minimus; exserted portion of ovipositor at least about as long as first abdominal segment 8 Length 2.5 mm. or shorter; first and second abdominal seg- ments reddish; antennae 25-jointed minimus 8. Anterior lobe of thorax with a median longitudinal groove; antennae 24-jointed dimidiatus Anterior lobe of thorax not as in dimidiatus; tip of abdomen pale, petiole hardly dilated, third and fourth segments more or less blackish; antennae 18-jointed gracillimus 9. Antennae 18-jointed nigrellus Antennae 24-jointed lymensis Males. I. Without wings; first abdominal segment not considerably longer than propodeum 2 With wings; head black; prothorax, legs, and abdomen, ex- cept apex, yellowish or reddish gentilis 328 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 2. Head black 3 Head not black 4 3. Abdomen entirely black; antennae 40-jointed thripites Abdomen pale banded minimus 4. Head yellowish brown, antennas 27-jointed macer Head brownish, blackish above, antennae 25-jointed . . ottawaensis G. minimus Walsh. This is recorded as a parasite of the army-worm (Leucania, Hellophila) Cirphis unipuncta, but is undoubtedly parasitic on a Protapanteles parasite of this larva. Hartford, 1-10 February, May, 1904 (W. E. B.). °G. thripites Taylor. Said to be parasitic on a species of Thrips infesting wheat in New York State. There is some doubt as to this species belong- ing to this genus. °G. dimidiatus Cresson. °G. gentilis Cresson. °G. unicolor Cresson. °G. macer Cresson. °G. gracillimus Dalla Torre. Pezomachus gracilis Cresson. P. cressonii Strickland. °G. maculicollis Brues. Found in a nest of the ant Leptothorax longispinosus. G. ottawaensis Harrington. Lyme ; New Haven ; Ridgefield. Reared from a Drassid egg cocoon. *G. (Micromeson) lymensis Strickland. Type locality: Lyme, 20 April, 191 1 ; emerged from a Drassid egg cocoon 7 May, 191 1 (A. B. C). °G. nigrellus Brues. Aptesis Foerster. A. microptera (Say). Length 5 mm. ; head, thorax, most of first abdominal segment and abdominal segments beyond the third, black ; basal half of antennae and legs mostly stramineous ; apex of first and all of second and third dorsal abdominal segments reddish brown ; exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as the abdomen. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 329 Mesostenidea Viereck. Mesostenus Authors, not Gravenhorst. Type: Mesostenus ligator Gravenhorst. Wings almost clear. Key to Species. 1. Thorax mostly reddish 2 Thorax mostly or entirely black 3 2. Thorax mostly reddish, dorsulum, scutel and postscutel not reddish; length 6-n mm.; head black, marked with yellow, antennae with a yellow annulus; abdomen reddish, without bands, exserted portion of ovipositor nearly as long as abdomen thoracica Thorax almost entirely reddish, sutures more or less black; propodeum with a spine on each side, the spine tipped with yellow; face yellow; antennae annulate with yellow arvalis 3. Abdomen more or less reddish above 5 Abdomen banded with yellow, not reddish 6 4. Petiole of abdomen, only, reddish; propodeum with yellow spots; antennae with a yellowish annulus; length 7 mm.; abdomen banded with yellow; exserted portion of ovipos- itor somewhat shorter than abdomen exapta Abdomen above mostly reddish, not banded; thorax almost entirely black; length 9 mm. or nearly 5 5. Antennae with a yellowish annulus; exserted portion of ovi- positor nearly as long as abdomen americana Antennae without an annulus; wings with a rather deep brown tinge (male) prompta 6. Antennae with a pale annulus 7 Antennae without a pale annulus; length 7 mm.; hind tibiae not annulated with yellow Candida 7. Length 12 mm.; hind tibiae without a yellowish annulus; ex- serted portion of ovipositor shorter than abdomen 8 Length 10 mm.; hind tibiae with a yellowish annulus; exserted portion of ovipositor about half as long as abdomen albomaculata 8. Propodeum with a spinous process on each side; second dor- sal abdominal segment with an apical and basal yellow band spinaria Propodeum with a tubercle on each side of posterior face; second dorsal abdominal segment with a yellow band only at apex fortis M. (Polyaenus) spinaria (Brulle). Stonington, 26 August, 1906 (J. A. Hyslop). M. (P.) prompta (Cresson). Possibly the male of spinaria. 330 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. M. (Mesostenidea) thoracica (Cresson). M. (Polycyrtus) albomaculata (Cresson). 'M. Candida (Cresson). >M. fortis (Cresson). Possibly the female of Candida. 'M. exapta (Cresson). 'M. americana (Cresson). °M. (Christolia) arvalis (Cresson). Parasitic on Polistes pallipes var. variatus. Acroricnus Ratzeburg. Osprynchotus Kriechbaumer, not Spinola. Lino c eras Taschen- berg. °A. junceus (Cresson). Length 12 mm. ; blackish ; antennae with a yellow annulus ; head and thorax maculated with yellow ; coxae black, marked with yellow, rest of fore and mid legs practically uniformly yellow ; hind legs, with the trochanters and femora, mostly black, their tibiae and tarsi mostly yellow ; exserted portion of ovipositor somewhat less than half the length of the abdomen. Reared from a nest of Odynerus tigris by V. A. E. Daecke. Joppidium Walsh. *J. peregrinus (Cresson). Mesoleptus ? peregrinus Cresson. Length 7 mm. ; mostly black ; thorax partly reddish, wings hyaline, fore and mid legs mostly whitish, hind legs mostly brownish, their coxae in the female reddish stramineous, in the male whitish. Type locality of male : Connecticut. Agrothereutes Foerster. Cryptus Fabricius (preoccupied). Key to Species. 1. Scutel more or less pale; abdomen above entirely black; or black and some other color, or reddish 2 Scutel black; abdomen more or less red above 10 2. Abdomen above reddish or black with an apical yellow spot 3 Abdomen above more or less red and black 4 3. Abdomen above mostly reddish rufus Abdomen above mostly black with a bluish tinge; head, in- cluding antennae, and thorax black, legs reddish except trochanters, tibiae and tarsi hirtifrons No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 33I 4. Antennae without a yellowish annulus 5 Antennas with a yellowish annulus 6 5. Length less than 12 mm 7 Length 12 mm.; antennae practically entirely black; legs red- dish and black; wings brownish; exserted portion of ovi- positor hardly half as long as abdomen ebenus 6. Basal half of antennas mostly brownish; legs reddish and black; exserted portion of ovipositor more than half as long as abdomen. Length 8 mm iroquois Male: propodeum maculated; abdomen above blackish beyond fifth segment, except for a whitish spot at apex. Length 6 mm lophyri 7. Length 10 or 11 mm 8 Length 6-8 mm 9 8. Thorax not partly reddish; abdomen above with first and sec- ond segments partly black, apical half of first and second dorsal segments pale fulvous, remaining dorsal segments dull rufo-fulvous; clypeus, scutel, a trilobed mark on pro- prodeum, and part of legs, yellowish; wings hyaline contiguus Thorax partly reddish; head black with yellow markings; exserted portion of ovipositor approximately 3 mm. long graenicheri 9. Abdomen above red and black, with a more or less exten- sive whitish or luteous band along apical edge of dorsal segments; exserted portion of ovipositor about 2 mm. long; propodeum with a blunt process on each side . .cressoni Abdomen above black beyond third segment, except for an apical whitish spot; propodeum immaculate; exserted por- tion of ovipositor shorter than abdomen lophyri 10. Abdomen reddish and black above II Abdomen more or less red above, black only on apical fourth or beyond, or at extreme base 16 11. Length 8-10 mm 12 Length 5-7 mm 14 12. Abdomen reddish at base above, or black at base above in male, hind coxae reddish 13 Abdomen black at base above, and in some individuals blackish toward apex; first dorsal abdominal segment usu- ally mostly black, rest of dorsum of abdomen mostly red- dish; antennae black; legs, including coxae and trochanters, mostly black except femora, tibiae and tarsi, which are mostly reddish stramineous; fore coxae white in front. Length 10 mm mundus 13. Abdomen, at least above, yellowish to rufous; its fourth and following dorsal segments mostly black; sixth or seventh dorsal segment, or both, more or less white; exserted 332 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. portion of ovipositor about as long as body; length 8-9 mm.; hind metatarsus more or less fuscous .extrematis Abdomen above in female with its basal half reddish, its apical half mostly or partly black with a whitish yellow mark at apex; abdomen of male above with its basal joint black, remainder in color as in female; antennae in both sexes with a pale annulus; legs mostly pale, hind metatarsus entirely whitish, exserted portion of ovipositor about as long as abdomen. Length 8-9 mm nuncius 14. Abdomen with its first, second, and third dorsal segments mostly rufous, remainder of dorsum of abdomen black except for a white apical spot. Length 5.5 mm 15 Abdomen above, at base, and fifth and following segments, black, the rest reddish, though in some individuals the second, third, and fourth dorsal segments may be tinged with blackish. Length 6-7 mm canadensis 15. Exserted portion of ovipositor as long as abdomen alacris Exserted portion of ovipositor half as long as abdomen hyslopi 16. Antennae with a pale annulus 17 Antennae without a pale annulus; wings subhyaline ..americanus 17. Legs mostly black; exserted portion of ovipositor scarcely one-fourth the length of body; length 9-10 mm.; fore tibioe and all tarsi more or less tinged with pale rufous limatus Legs mostly reddish; exserted portion of ovipositor about half as long as abdomen; apical fourth of abdomen mostly black, its apex yellowish. Length 6 mm hyslopi A. rufus Provancher. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.), on flowers of goldenrod. A. mundus Provancher. New Haven, 19 July, 1905 (B. H. W.). °A. contiguus Cresson. *A. (Itamoplex) lophyri Norton. Parasite on (Lophyrus) Diprion abietis. Type locality : Connecticut. A. (I.) americanus Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 2. Bran ford, August, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 24 August, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; 22 June, 1910 (A. B. C.) ; 4 June, 1909 (M. Jagger) ; Stonington, July, 1909 (G. H. Hollister) ; New Canaan, 27 September, 1909, Prospect, 15 August, 1906 (W. E. B.). *A. (I.) cressoni Viereck (new species). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 333 °A. (I.) ebenus Viereck (new species). Type locality: Massachusetts; also from New Hampshire. °A. (I.) iroquois Viereck (new species). Type locality: New York State. A. limatus Cresson. New Haven, 26, 28 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.) ; Cheshire, 6 May, 1903 (W. E. B.) ; Stamford, 25 June, 1912 (H. B. Kirk). A. alacris Cresson. In this species the legs, including coxae, are entirely rufous or nearly so. Stonington, 8 June, 1906 (W. E. B.). A. canadensis Provancher. Cheshire, 8 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). A. (Apsilops) hirtifrons Ashmead. West Hartford, 29 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). °A. (Habrocryptus) grsenicheri Viereck. Parasitic on Ceratina dupla. *A. (Allocryptus) hyslopi Viereck (new subgenus, new species). In Schmiedeknecht's classification of the Cryptinse this sub- genus will replace Cryptopteryx Ashmead, the latter genus being misplaced as it is related to Zonocryptus Ashmead. Type locality: Stonington, 10 August, 1906 (J. A. Hyslop). °A. (Hoplocryptus) extrematis Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 4. Parasite of the Cecropia moth and American tent-caterpillar. °A. nuncius Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 9. °A. sp. Host: Papilio troilus. Phygadeuon Gravenhorst. Key to Species. 1. Females • 2 Males: thorax black n 2. Thorax mostly reddish or black; abdomen, at least above, entirely or more or less reddish 3 Thorax and abdomen, the latter above, mostly black or black- ish; scutel black; legs, including coxas, reddish 8 334 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 3. Scutel not black 4 Scutel black 5 4. Scutel yellowish white; apex of abdomen black; head black, with white markings planosae Scutel yellowish stramineous; body mostly colored like scutel; antennae with a whitish annulus pallescens 5. Antennae black, or reddish or pale at base, and without a white annulus in middle 6 Antennas not as described in preceding paragraph 9 6. Abdomen at base pale or red 7 Abdomen black at base and apex; exserted portion of ovi- positor nearly as long as abdomen; areola triangular. Length 5.5-7 mm lucens 7. Apex of abdomen black, without a white mark; face black.. 8 Apex of abdomen red or yellowish black; propodeum bi- spinose; antennae mostly dark brown; first and second joints yellowish beneath; third joint pale brown beneath; palpi whitish; fore and mid coxae brownish stramineous; hind coxae mostly black, with a brownish stramineous tip; trochanters brownish and yellowish; fore femora brown- ish stramineous or fuscous, fore and mid tibiae and their tarsi mostly yellow; hind tibiae brownish stramineous to blackish brown, their tarsi blackish brown. Length 7-8 mm texanus 8. Propodeum bispinose, otherwise mostly as in description of texanus above texanus Propodeum with lateral angles instead of spines; antennae rufous beneath, brownish above; legs reddish stramineous except fore and mid tarsi, which are brownish stramin- eous, tips of hind femora and tibiae, which are blackish, and hind tarsi, which are mostly blackish. Length 5-8 mm ruficomis 9. Antennae brownish stramineous at base, and with a yellowish annulus; legs brownish stramineous; abdomen reddish brown; length 6-7 mm.; sheaths of ovipositor about half as long as abdomen vulgaris Antennae as described above for vulgaris; legs and abdomen reddish; length 4-7 mm.; sheaths of ovipositor less than half as long as abdomen crassipes 10. Exserted portion of ovipositor about as. long as abdomen; antennae with a pale annulus. Length 8-10 mm signatus Exserted portion of ovipositor hardly one-third as long as abdomen; abdomen above very dark brown or blackish , ex- cept apex of second dorsal segment, which is reddish brown; basal half of antennae brownish stramineous, apical half dark brown. Length 4.5 mm quintilis No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 335 u. Abdomen not entirely stramineous above 12 Abdomen entirely stramineous above; antennas not annulated pallescens 12. Abdomen above more or less red or brownish stramineous, black or blackish at apex 14 Abdomen above not colored as in species described in preced- ing paragraph 13 13. All of first dorsal abdominal segments black; dorsal seg- ments beyond fifth very dark brown; coxae in color nearly as in tumidiformis, basal half of hind pair mostly dusky; scape and pedicel brownish stramineous; areolet open. Length 6-7 mm nortoni Most of first dorsal abdominal segment black; dorsal seg- ments beyond fourth very dark brown; coxae brown of various shades, mid and hind pairs partly dusky; body about as long as in nortoni tumidiformis 14. Face mostly black, and with white orbital lines that are more or less dilated at clypeus IS Face black or mostly so, not maculated 16 15. All coxae black, trochanters reddish; margin of apical dorsal segment not partly whitish. Length 7 mm orbitalis Coxae black, except for a yellowish tip to fore pair; fore and mid trochanters mostly yellowish; hind trochanters with proximal one mostly blackish, distal one mostly reddish. Length 6 mm orbitaliformis 16. Abdomen with each dorsal segment partly black 17 Abdomen reddish above, or with at least several segments entirely red, or red with dark stains 18 17. Abdomen above mostly black; second, third, and fourth dor- sal segments with a complete brownish border; fifth and following segments more or less distinctly brown, at least along apical margin; coxae and trochanters mostly black or blackish, rest of legs mostly reddish, clypeus and mandi- bles mostly yellow. Length 5.5 mm teeniatus Abdomen with apical margin on second dorsal segment and most of third and fourth segments brownish stramineous; fore and mid legs including coxae almost entirely brown- ish stramineous; hind coxae black, rest of hind legs red- dish, except their trochanters, which are more or less fuscous; antennae black throughout. Length 4 mm melanocerus 18. Fore coxae yellow beneath, mid coxae with a yellow tip, hind coxae reddish, all trochanters mostly yellow. Length 5-6 mm brittoni All coxae mostly stramineous, same as trochanters in color; most of fore and mid legs stramineous; hind legs beyond trochanters partly or mostly dusky; antennae mostly brown 33^ CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. or brownish stramineous, brownish stramineous at base; each side of posterior aspect of propodeum with an ear- like projection. Length 4.5 mm auriculiferus P. ruficornis Provancher. Colebrook, 27 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). P. vulgaris Cresson. New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). P. lucens Provancher. P. crassipes Provancher. °P. signatus Provancher. Antennae without a pale annulus in the male; length 8-10 mm. °P. planosae Fitch. Length 7.5 mm. ; mostly black ; thorax partly red ; abdomen and legs tawny red; hind tarsi and a band on the middle of the antennae white. Parasite on the larch cheater (Planosa laricis). °P. texanus Cresson. *P. (Bachia?) tumidiformis Viereck (new species). Type locality: Connecticut. Possibly Farmington (Norton). Type in collection of American Entomological Society, Phila- delphia. *P. (B.?) brittoni Viereck (new species). Type locality: Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.). *P. (B.?) auriculiferus Viereck (new species). Type locality: Putnam, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *P. (Plesignathus) nortoni Viereck (new species). Type locality: Connecticut. Possibly Farmington (E. N.). Type in collection of American Entomological Society, Phila- delphia. *P. (P.) quintilis Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *P. (P.) melanocerus Viereck (new species). Type locality: North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). *P. (P.) taenia tus Viereck (new species). Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). *P. (Scinacopus?) orbitaliformis Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 27 July, 1904 (P. L. B.). °P. orbitalis Cresson. Mo. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 337 P. (Polytribax) pallescens Viereck. A Norton specimen, possibly from Farmington, is in the col- ection of the American Entomological Society, Philadelphia. Hemiteles Gravenhorst. The species of this group are said to be exclusively hyper- or iecondary parasites. Key to Species. 1. Clypeus with two teeth or tubercles on anterior edge 2 Cljpeus without teeth or tubercles on anterior edge 3 2. Abdomen blackish, with apical margins of dorsal segments pale; palpi nearly white; legs including coxae reddish, ex- cept a black band at tip of hind femora and at tip of hind tibiae, and hind tarsi, which are blackish except at base of first joint pimplae Abdomen reddish, male with abdomen black at tip. Length 7 rnm meteori 3. Wings with blackish bands 4 Wings not banded, but hyaline or dusky 5 4. Propodeum not spined; antennae 23-jointed; length 5 mm.; brownish or stramineous; apical abdominal segment black, as are two preceding segments; exserted portion of ovi- positor one-fifth as long as body ..areator subspecies tenellus Propodeum spined; head, thorax, antennae, and legs, dull reddish; abdomen brown, and with faint bands of yellow; sheaths of ovipositor about as long as abdomen. Length 7-8 mm thyridopterygis 5. Wings hyaline; body not entirely black; abdominal segments without red or white bands; propodeum not spined 6 Wings brownish 7 6. Abdomen mostly or entirely black 16 Abdomen above mostly reddish brown with a blackish tinge; scape and pedicel stramineous, flagel blackish; legs pale stramineous, fore coxae yellowish white lycaenae 7. Length less than 8 mm _ 8 Length 8 mm. (male); head and most of thorax black and with yellow marks; face below antennae yellow, antennae without an annulus, brown; propodeum, abdomen, and legs mostly reddish stramineous eximius 8. Length less than 6.5 mm 9 Length 6.5 mm.; head and thorax, including scutel, black; abdomen mostly reddish, first dorsal segment black ex- cept an apical reddish spot occupying its middle third, apical margin of fourth segment laterally blackish, fol- lowing segments black above, those nearest the apex with 22 33§ CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. a pale apical edge; scape of antennae black; second and sixth to ninth antennal joints stramineous; third, fourth and fifth joints brown, tenth and following joints blackish; legs mostly reddish; coxae, trochanters, tibiae and tarsi of fore legs, tibiae and tarsi of mid legs, stramineous; apex of hind femora, apex of hind tibiae and base of latter dusky, hind tarsi brown; exserted portion of ovipositor two-thirds as long as abdomen metacomet 9. Length 5-6 mm 10 Length less than 5 mm II 10. Male: head and thorax black; mandibles brownish in middle; palpi stramineous; antennae blackish throughout; tegulae brown, wings yellowish at extreme base; fore and mid legs mostly brownish stramineous; mid coxae blackish at base; hind coxae brownish above, but blackish at base and be- neath; hind trochanters mostly brown; hind femora mostly reddish, the latter dusky at apex; hind tibiae mostly red- dish, dusky at base and apex, their tarsi dusky; abdomen mostly reddish; basal four-fifths of first dorsal segment black, most of its apical fifth reddish, fourth and following dorsal segments dusky or blackish nigricaniformis Female and male: differing from nigricaniformis as follows: mandibles almost entirely black; palpi brownish; tegulae and wing bases whitish; mid coxae entirely brownish stra- mineous, hind legs brownish stramineous, except their tibiae and tarsi, which are mostly blackish; fourth and fifth dorsal abdominal segments reddish in female; abdomen entirely black or blackish in male Columbia 11. Length less than 4.5 mm 12 Length 4.5 mm. (male); mandibles partly yellowish, antennae dark brown except pedicel and scape, which are whitish beneath; mid coxae entirely brownish stramineous, hind coxae reddish, hind tibiae stramineous, brownish at base and apex; abdomen above mostly blackish or black, apical margins of second, third and fourth segments more or less reddish stramineous, fifth and following segments brown; otherwise as in nigricaniformis as described above . lonicerae 12. Length 4 mm 13 Length 2.5-3 nim. (male); head, thorax and abdomen, black; scape rather yellowish beneath, rest of antennae mostly brown; mandibles mostly yellow, palpi pale; tubercles, tegulae, fore and mid coxae and all trochanters, yellow or yellowish; hind coxae blackish at base and above; rest of legs about as in algonquinus as described below. Female antennae partly flattened; hind coxae brownish stramineous, abdomen partly reddish brown to brownish . ...fulvipes race NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 339 13. Female 14 Male: tegulae yellowish; scape, pedicel, and base of first joint of flagel beneath, brownish stramineous; trochanters mostly yellowish; hind legs with their coxae, femora and tibiae mostly stramineous, the latter dusky at base and apex; hind tarsi mostly dusky; abdomen with first dorsal seg- ment mostly black, second dorsal segment mostly black, but with thyridia stramineous and apical edge reddish, third dorsal segment stramineous and more or less infus- cated, fourth and following dorsal segments mostly black, and with an apical stramineous edge, 15 14. Head and thorax, including scutel, black; first to fifth joints of antennae pale brownish stramineous to pale brown; rest of antennae blackish; hind femora and tibiae, and abdomen mostly reddish, fore and mid legs stramineous to brownish stramineous, hind coxae and hind tarsi brownish stramine- ous, hind tibiae apically and their tarsi dusky; exserted por- tion of ovipositor nearly as long as hind tibiae orbiformis Head and most of thorax, including scutel, black; prothorax and mesopleurae partly reddish; legs and antennae much the same in color as in orbiformis as described above; basal three-fourths of first dorsal abdominal segment blackish, second and third dorsal segments with an apical dusky margin, fourth and following dorsal abdominal segments entirely or nearly entirely black or blackish; exserted por- tion of ovipositor about as long as abdomen ... cressoniformis 15. Clypeus produced in middle of anterior edge, but without a fossa on each side of depression; fourth dorsal abdom- inal segment not aciculate all over laticinctus Clypeus produced in middle of anterior edge and with a fossa on each side of the depression; fourth dorsal abdom- inal segment aciculate all over algonquinus 16. Abdomen entirely black above thyridopterygis Abdomen black above excepting the third segment which is mostly brownish; scape and pedicel whitish beneath, flagel various shades of brown; legs mostly stramineous to brownish stramineous, fore and mid coxae and trochanters partly or entirely whitish crassiformis H. (Orthizema?) areator subspecies tenellus (Say). H. utilis Norton. Scudder, Butterflies of New England, Vol. iii, PI. 88, Fig. 4. Bred from parasites of Papilio thoas and Anisota senatoria. New Haven (S. I. Smith). *H. eximius (Cresson). Mesoleptus eximius Cresson. 340 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °H. (Allocota) thyridopterygis Riley. Howard, Insect Book, PI. viii, Fig. 37. Bred from the bag-worm (Thyridopteryx ephemerccformis) and the white-marked tussock-moth (Hemerocampa'leucostigma) . Hosts : Scambus inquisitoriellus Dalla Torre and S. conquisitor Say. *H. (Zamicrotoridea) orbiformis Viereck (new subgenus, new species.) Differs from Microtpridea Viereck in the notauli and sternauii ■ being absent beyond the middle. Type locality: Branford, 20 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; also from New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *H. (Eriplanus) metacomet Viereck (new species). Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). *H. (Zoophthorus) nigricaniformis Viereck (new species). Type locality: New Haven, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B.). *H. (Idemum) crassiformis Viereck (new species). Type locality: Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *H. (Ethelurgus) lonicerae Viereck (new species). Type locality : New Haven, 7 May, 1904, on flowers of honey- suckle (Lonicera fragrantissima) . *H. (Rhadinocera) algonquinus Viereck (new species). Type locality: Putnam, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *H. (Otacustes) cressoniformis Viereck. Type locality: West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). *H. (Astomaspis) fulvipes Gravenhorst (race). New Haven, 7 May, 1904 (H. L. V.), on gooseberry flowers (Ribes oxyacanthoides) . H. lycaenae Howard. Reared from a parasite on the larva of (Lyccena) Cyaniris pseudargiola. °H. (Bathythrix) pimplae Howard. Host : Scambus inquisitoriellus Dalla Torre. °H. (B.) meteori Howard. Host : Meteorus communis Cresson. °H. (Adiastola) columbiae Viereck. Adiastola amcricana I Toward. Host: Scambus inquisitoriellus Dalla Torre. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 34I *H. laticinctus Ashmead. Type locality: New Haven, June, 1880, reared from a para- site of (Leucania, Hcliophila) Cirphis unipuncta. Stilpnus Gravenhorst. S. americanus Cresson. Length 4-4.5 mm. ; mostly black ; antennae brown ; legs brown- ish stramineous ; coxae, except hind pair, more or less brownish to brownish stramineous, hind pair mostly blackish, partly dark brown. New Haven, 20 June, 1905 (W. E. B.). Phaeogenes Wesmael. Key to Species. 1. Head and thorax mostly black; abdomen more or less red- dish 2 Mostly or entirely reddish 4 2. Abdomen black at apex; antennae with a pale annulus 3 Abdomen entirely reddish, at least above; clypeus, antennae and legs mostly pale reddish; mandibles and tegulae yellow; wings subhyaline, hind tibiae and hind tarsi dusky. Length 9-10 mm fungor 3. Length 9-10 mm.; mostly black; legs, except tips of hind femora and tips of hind tibiae, and abdomen, except ulti- mate, penultimate and antipenultimate segments, reddish; flagel with a white annulus and with its first, second and third joints reddish; wings faintly dusky; hind coxae toothed near apex; male with antennae black, except" for a white annulus on flagel; femora and hind tibiae black hebrus Length 4.7-6.2 mm.; mostly black; mandibles except tips and base of flagel, yellowish, latter with a whitish annulus; tegulae whitish; legs, except knees of hind pair and tips of hind tarsi, yellowish red, as are second, third and fourth dorsal abdominal segments; wings hyaline; hind coxae toothed at apex hebe 4. Head mostly or entirely reddish 5 Head, apex of abdomen, hind femora and hind tibiae, black; wings subhyaline. Length 10 mm quadriceps 5. Ultimate, penultimate and antipenultimate abdominal seg- ments black, at least above; antennae in some individuals more or less black above and at tip, and with a whitish annulus on the flagel; wings hyaline. Length 6.7 mm vincibilis Apical ventral abdominal segment blackish at tip, as are an- tennae at their tips; antennae pale at base, with a pale an- 342 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. nulus at about their middle; wings hyaline; hind coxae toothed beneath. Length of body 7.5 mm helvolus *P. fungor Norton. The records for this species in the Agricultural Experiment Station in New Haven indicate that it occurs throughout the state in June, July and August (W. E. »., B. H. W., H. W. W., J. A. Hyslop, E. J. S. M.). *P. hebe Cresson. *P. hebrus Cresson. *P. (Centeterus) quadriceps Cresson. *P. helvolus Cresson. P. vincibilis Cresson. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Branford, 27 June, 1905 (H. W.W.). Eparces (Foerster) Ashmead. °E. tuberculifrons (Provancher). Length 6.2-7.5 mm. ; mostly reddish ; tips of antenna? and apex of abdomen more or less black, former with a whitish annulus at about their middle ; wings clouded with fuscous. Colpognathus Wesmael. *C. helvus Cresson. Length 7.2-10 mm. ; mostly reddish ; mandibles black, apex of antennae also black ; wings subhy aline. Eurylabus Wesmael. °E. agilis Cresson. Length 8-8.7 mm- Female : mostly black, a dot on each side of vertex, annulus on flagel, dot beneath tegulse on pleurae, scutel and postscutel, white; wings hyaline, fore and mid tibiae and tarsi more or less pale. Male: with sides of face, two spots on clypeus, labial palpi, spot on scape beneath, spot on tegulae, and a line before tegulae, white ; extreme base of femora reddish ; otherwise as in female. Platylabus Wesmael. Key to Species. Scutel of female reddish; antenna of male with a white an- nulus; head, anterior half of thorax and apical third No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 343 of abdomen, mostly black; antennae mostly brown; mos.t of remaining integument reddish; some of segments of basal third of abdomen with an apical yellowish or whitish band. Length 6-8 mm thoracicus Scutel of female white; antennae of male without a white annulus; mostly metallic blue. Length 12-13 mm clarus °P. (Apaeleticus) thoracicus Cresson. P. clarus Cresson. Trogus Gravenhorst. Key to Species. 1. Species mostly black; antennae orange, with a fuscous or nearly fuscous tip 2 Species mostly reddish vulpinus 2. Petiole produced above so as to appear rather pyramidal, and without a median longitudinal channel brullei Petiole simply rather convex above, and with a shallow me- dian longitudinal channel obsidianator T. (Psilomastix) vulpinus Gravenhorst. T. exesorius Brulle. PI. ix, Fig. 8. Parasite of swallow-tail butterflies (Papilio). New Haven, 20 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 3 August, 1896 (W. C. Sturgis), 26 August, 1902 (B. H. W.) ; Westville, 2 June, 1901 (W. E. B.). *T. (Automalus) brullei Cresson. Hosts : larvae of Dolba hylceus and Smerinthus astylus. Woodbridge, 26 August, 1906, Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.), °T. obsidianator Brulle. Parasitic on Papilio polyxenes. Hoplismenus Gravenhorst. H. morulus Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 29; Scud- der, Butterflies of New England, Vol. iii, PI. 88, Fig. 9. Length 16 mm. ; conspicuous on account of being almost en- tirely black ; tibiae and tarsi yellowish stramineous ; fore coxae with a yellow mark in front; scape in male anteriorly more or less yellow, face beneath antennae in male yellow ; female antennae with a yellow annulus ; wings fuscous. The hosts of this American species are the cosmopolitan mourning-cloak butterfly [{Vanessa) Euvanessa antiopa], and the question-sign butterfly [ ( Grapta) Polygonia interrogations] . 344 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Amblyteles Wesmael. Ichneumon Authors, not Linnseus. In the writer's opinion Pterocormus* should rank as a sub- genus of Amblyteles, which is one of the largest of genera. It is probably one of the most useful groups of insects on account of the habit of some of its species of parasitizing, and thus destroy- ing, injurious insects. Key to Species. Females. i. Species of Pterocormus 2 Species of Amblyteles in the strict sense; propodeum without lateral spines 55 2. Abdomen, at least above, mostly black or blue, without pale bands or spots, except in some species or individuals, which have apex of first or last dorsal segment pale-banded or spotted 3 Abdomen not colored as in preceding paragraph 25 3. Hind legs entirely or nearly entirely black, their tibiae im- maculate 4 Hind legs not colored as in preceding paragraph. 19 4. Hind coxae with a densely hairy area beneath 5 Hind coxae without a densely hairy area beneath n 5. Apex of abdomen immaculate 6 Apex of abdomen with one or more white spots; hind tro- chanters white. Length 9.5-12 mm extrematatis 6. Wings fuliginous 7 Wings hyaline; scutel white and black 10 7. Hairy area of under side of hind coxae condensed, like vel- vet 8 Hairy area of under side of hind coxae not condensed 9 8. Postpetiole scabrous. Length 12. 5-14 mm cincticornis Postpetiole punctate above; hairy area of under side of hind coxae brown and equal in extent to apical end of pedicel in this species; length 14 mm.; mostly black; eighth to sixteenth joints inclusive partly yellow; pear-shaped welts along superior margin of mesopleurae and disk of scutel, yellow nigratoricolor 9. Postpetiole finely scratched above. Length 16 mm ...germanus Postpetiole punctate above. Length 14-16 mm viola 10. Abdomen, at least above, steel-blue. Length 11-17 mm. cseruleus Abdomen, at least above, black, tinged with blue; length 16 mm.; more than half of margins of face and cheeks, bordering on eyes, luteous; mandibles and palpi immac- • Pterocormus Foerster in the strict sense supplants Ichneumon Authors, not Linnaeus. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 345 ulate; scape entirely black; pale marks of thorax luteous; propodeum rather smooth, but deeply punctate; areola smooth and shining, rather indistinctly sculptured and hexagonal, the carinas forming its boundary not sharp; areola about as long as wide at apex; its base separated from scutel by a groove that is seemingly not as wide antero-posteriorly as scape is thick; areolet pentagonal, its radial side a little shorter than either of its cubital sides and approximately half as long as either transverse cubitus; legs black with the exception of fore tibiae, which are pale in front pequoitorum 11. Apex of abdomen immaculate 12 Apex of abdomen with one or more pale spots; scutel white, penultimate dorsal abdominal segment also with a pale spot; face without pale orbital lines; pronotum above, line in front of tegulae, and a line beneath tegulae, white; wings hyaline or nearly hyaline. Length 9-12.5 mm brevicinctor 12. Wings fuliginous 13 Wings hyaline 18 13. Seutel more or less white 14 Scutel black 15 14. Head not buccate. Length 14 mm caliginosus Head buccate. Length 19 mm orpheus var. 15. Head subquadrate; posterior angles of propodeum rounded.. 16 Head not subquadrate; posterior angles of propodeum spini- form; abdomen, at least above, black; depressions at base of second dorsal segment shallow. Length 12.5-15 mm. malacus 16. Pale orbital lines distinct in front above antennae; depres- sions at base of second dorsal abdominal segment with their greatest length equal to one-third the basal width of the segment. Length 19 mm orpheus Face entirely black; depressions at base of second dorsal ab- dominal segment with their greatest length equal to one- fourth the basal width of the segment. Length 15 mm. . . saucius 17. Scutel more or less white; postpetiole above broadly dilated; gastrocoeli moderately deep 18 Scutel black; abdomen, at least above, black, though some- times faintly tinged with blue; postpetiole punctate above. Length 12.5 mm apertus 18. Anterior orbits indistinctly pale. Length 9-15 mm subcyaneus Anterior orbits very distinctly pale cinctitarsis 19. Hind legs mostly black or blue 20 Hind legs mostly or entirely reddish; apex of abdomen more or less white. Length 6-9 mm helvipes 20. Only tibiae of hind legs marked with white or yellow 21 346 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Hind coxae, femora and tibiae marked or banded with white; abdomen, at least above, steel-blue. Length 16 mm...pulcher 21. Propodeum black 22 Propodeum brownish red. Length 17.5 mm centrator 22. Hind coxae beneath with a velvety area; apex of abdomen spotless 23 Hind coxae beneath without a velvety area; apex of abdomen spotless ; scutel pale 24 23. Scutel mostly black; white only at its sides. Length 10-11 mm navus Scutel mostly white; nearly all of under surface of hind coxae velvety; hind tibiae with a white line behind near their base. Length 11-14 mm. .sagus 24. Propodeum with a white spot on each side. Length 12.5-16 mm otiosus Propodeum immaculate; body as long as in otiosus ,. unifasciatorius 25. Abdomen above mostly black, but marked with white or yel- low spots or bands, and sometimes varied with reddish maculations 26 Abdomen above not answering description in preceding para- graph 28 26. Species not answering description in following parapraph.. 27 Dorsum of abdomen with second and often third segment with an apical yellowish band, apical and adjoining seg- ments reddish; mesothorax and generally propodeum also reddish, femora black. Length 14 mm subdolus 27. Dorsum of abdomen with second segment fulvous, and with a whitish band at apex of third, . fourth and sixth seg- ments; legs fulvous or reddish. Length 11-14 mm. . .jucundus Dorsum of abdomen with second segment fulvous and all its segments with an apical yellow band; face black; hind coxae beneath not at all velvety. Length 12.5-14 mm. atrifrons 28. Abdomen above mostly reddish, with its apex, however, black; hind coxae beneath not at all velvety; scutel whit- ish or reddish 29 Abdomen above mostly reddish or fulvous, first segment and base or apex of second and sometimes third and fourth segments, more or less black 35 29. Joints of basal portion of flagel elongate, oblong in profile.. 30 Joints of basal portion of flagel not elongate, subquadrate in profile; abdomen above with first, second, third, and sometimes fourth segments entirely reddish; hind femora and tibiae marked with black; apex of abdomen, at least above, black. Length 7.5 mm hospitus Mo. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 347 [0. Thorax entirely or partly black 31 Thorax entirely reddish; third antennal joint scarcely longer than fourth; apex of abdomen with a pale spot. Length 9 mm putus [I. Antennae with a distinct pale annulus 32 Antennae without a distinct annulus 34 \2. Apex of abdomen dusky or black, without pale spots; second dorsal segment reddish. Length 12.5 mm 33 Apex of abdomen with pale spots; mesonotum and a large mark on mesopleurae reddish. Length 7.5 mm terminalis 13. Areola and petiolarea not confluent, but separated by a raised line instabilis Areola and petiolarea confluent, not separated by a raised line; head black; first to fifth joints of flagel brownish, sixth to eleventh yellowish, rest dark brown; propodeum black; coxae and most of trochanters black; fore tibiae mostly brownish; mid tibiae mostly black, hind tibiae black except for a brownish base ; most tarsi uniformly brownish winkleyi 4. Second dorsal abdominal segment with black stains; length of body 9.5 mm.; apical half of antennae blackish, lower half merging in color from reddish to brownish to yellowish; head almost entirely dark reddish; pronotum, a line beneath insertion of wings, and dorsulum, reddish; scutel reddish with a yellowish tinge; legs reddish except coxae, which are black, proximate trochanters, apical half of hind femora, and apical fourth of hind tibiae, which are mostly blackish; second dorsal abdominal segment with blackish stains brittoni Second dorsal abdominal segment reddish throughout. Length 12.5 mm instabilis var. 5. Wings fuliginous 36 Wings hyaline or subhyaline 4° 6. Hind coxae without a distinct velvety area or not at all vel- vety beneath 37 Hind coxae with a distinct velvety area beneath; thorax black. Length 17-25 mm '. grandis 7. Thorax black 38 Thorax more or less reddish; hind legs, except coxae, entirely reddish; head reddish; second dorsal abdominal segment in some individuals black at base. Length 14 mm lewisi 8. Hind legs mostly, but not entirely, black 39 Hind legs entirely black. Length 12.5-17.5 mm rufiventris 9. Hind tibiae white at base. Length 14-20 mm devinctor Hind femora reddish. Length 14-16 mm. insolens 0. Thorax mostly black 41 Thorax mostly reddish S3 348 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 41. Thorax almost entirely black; scutel white or yellow 42 Thorax not almost entirely black 44 42. Apex of abdomen with a pale spot 43 Apex of abdomen without a pale spot; abdomen above, ex- cept base of first segment, entirely reddish. Length 9-12 mm laetus 43. Hind coxae reddish. Length 7.5-10 mm velox Hind coxae black; thorax partly reddish. Length 9 mm.....maius 44. Mesothorax and sometimes propodeum, more or less reddish 45 Propodeum with more or less whitish or yellowish marks. Length 14-17. 5 mm w-album 45. Hind tibiae without a pale annulus 46 Hind tibiae with a pale annulus 50 46. Hind tibiae reddish, except their tips, which are black 47 Hind legs, except sometimes coxae, reddish; antennae with a pale annulus; scutel yellow 51 47. Antennae with a distinct pale annulus 48 Antennae without a distinct pale annulus 49 48. Areola and petiolarea not confluent, but separated by a raised line. Length 12.5 mm instabilis Areola and petiolarea confluent, not separated by a raised line; length 12.5 mm.; see also description under 33.. winkleyi 49. Second dorsal abdominal segment with black or blackish stains; length 9.5 mm.; see also description under 34 . .brittoni Second' dorsal abdominal segment reddish throughout. Length 12.5 mm instabilis var. 50. Length 5-7.5 mm annulipes Length 10 mm signatipes 51. Abdomen above with first to fourth segments more or less black at base. Length 11 mm seminiger Abdomen above with first to fourth segments concolorous with propodeum, which is pale reddish or bright reddish. Length 12 mm. or more confirmatus 52. Apex of abdomen without a pale spot 53 Apex of abdomen with a pale spot, second and third dorsal abdominal segments each with a large black mark. Length 10 mm disparilis 53. Abdomen above entirely reddish 54 Abdomen above not entirely reddish, but mostly so, second to fourth segments black or blackish at base. Length 11 mm. or more brevipennis 54. Propodeum without prominent lateral tubercles; postpetiole punctate above, anterior margin of clypeus truncate. Length 7.5 mm soror Propodeum without prominent tubercles, postpetiole either smooth or indistinctly scratched; second dorsal segment Mo. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 349 closely and finely punctate; thorax partly dusky; hind tibiae pale at base, fuscous at apex; antennae with a pale annulus. Length 6 mm nanus ;5. Abdomen blue, at least above 56 Abdomen black and reddish, at least above 57 ;6. Hind legs blue, immaculate; scutel with only about six dis- tinct punctures; apex of abdomen immaculate; length 15 mm.; flagel blackish, except seventh to thirteenth joints, which are mostly yellowish brown; face rather umbili- cately punctate; greatest dimension of spaces between punctures, on dorsulum, equal to three or four puncture widths; basal area, areola and petiolarea confluent, these, together with external area, apparently impunctate, and seemingly finely striate; punctures on rest of body about as far apart as those on dorsulum; radial side of areolet less than one-half as long as shortest side of areolet . .sassacus Hind legs reddish, except tips of tibiae and tarsi, which are black; abdomen fusiform. Length 14 mm ormenus 57. Apex of abdomen black 58 Apex of abdomen reddish 59 58. Scutel black, mid and hind legs black or blackish throughout. Length 14 mm rufizonatus Scutel pale; hind legs black; bases of tibiae reddish; antennae with joints of basal portion oblong in profile; second, third and fourth dorsal abdominal segments and apex of first, reddish; segments at apex of abdomen with a pale spot. Length 1 1 mm nortoni 59. Head and thorax more or less reddish 60 Head and thorax black; hind legs entirely black; postpetiole scratched above; third joint of antennae much longer than fourth. Length 12.5-15 mm detritus 60. Abdomen fusiform, its dorsal segments generally more or less black at base; basal portion of flagel with its joints scarcely twice as long as broad, except first joint, which is three times as long as broad; thorax generally mostly reddish, and with black sutures; length 11-14 mm.; antennae with more or less of a yellow annulus suturalis Abdomen subcompressed at tip; antennae with a pale annulus. Length 14 mm anceps Males. I. Second and fourth ventral abdominal segments with a longi- tudinal median ridge or fold; propodeum rarely bispinose, scutel more or less flat, or simply convex, then gradually sloping to apex 2 35° CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Third, fourth and eighth ventral abdominal segments flat, smooth, without a longitudinal median ridge or fold; scutel flat or simply convex 6l 2. Abdomen mostly black or blue 3 Abdomen mostly yellow or reddish 43 3. Abdomen black or blue, without pale bands or spots, except sometimes on apex of first or apical segment 4 Abdomen black and yellow, sometimes partly reddish 28 4. Hind legs not entirely black 5 Hind legs entirely black 21 5. Hind legs not reddish 6 Hind legs mostly reddish, their coxae black; apical abdominal segment white; face black, narrowly pale laterally; scutel whitish apically helvipes 6. Hind tibiae, only, more or less white 7 Hind coxae, hind femora and hind tibiae more or less white; scutel white only laterally; abdomen blue; propodeum with white maculations pulcher 7. Antennae black, except for a pale annulus; abdomen immacu- late at apex 8 Antennae entirely black 12 8. Postpetiole with a white mark or band at tip 9 Postpetiole entirely black 10 9. Propodeum immaculate unifasciatorius Propodeum with two white maculae posteriorly ....sublatus var. 10. Hind tibiae without an entire white annulus, but with a white line above, toward base 11 Hind tibia? with an entire white annulus at base; apex of abdomen immaculate, petiole above entirely black; hind trochanters white, scutel white laterally. Length 10-11 mm navus 11. Propodeum immaculate; annulus on antennae complete. Length 11-14 mm sagus Propodeum with a white spot on each side of the middle; annulus on antennae interrupted beneath. Length 12.5- 14 mm sublatus var. proximus 12. Postpetiole entirely black; scutel pale; apex of abdomen black 13 Postpetiole with a white spot or band at apex 19 13. Propodeum immaculate 14 Propodeum with two white spots behind. Length 12.5-14 mm sublatus 14. Hind tibia? white or yellow, black at tips 15 Hind tibiae black, with a white line above; face white laterally, black down the middle 17 15. Wings subhyaline 16 Wings fuscous. Length 16 mm bronteus NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 351 16. Hind tarsi with at least first and second joints yellowish or whitish, with fuscous tips; fore and mid coxae yellow, hind coxae black cinctitarsis Hind tarsi entirely black, all coxae white. Length 15-17.5 mm. ultus 17. Postpetiole coarsely scratched above 18 Postpetiole smooth or only punctate above; wings subhyaline; the white line on hind tibiae not reaching to the tip. Length 9-15 mm subcyaneus 18. Abdomen black above, second segment uniformly sculptured; hind coxae with white maculations. Length I5-I7-5 mm ultus var. rogalis Abdomen bluish black above, second segment coarsely and longitudinally rugose on the basal half; hind coxae entirely black. Length 14-15 mm stadaconensis 19. Scutel white 20 Scutel white only along lateral margins; abdomen blue, at least above. Length 11-17.5 mm caeruleus 20. Abdomen black, at least above; propodeum with a white spot on each side. Length 15 mm infidelis Abdomen black, at least above; propodeum immaculate. Length 14-16 mm azotus 2i. Antennas mostly black and blue or entirely black 22 Antennae mostly orange-yellow, black at extreme base and apex. Length 17.5 mm flavicornis 22. Antennae mostly black, and with a pale annulus 23 Antennae entirely black or blue; face mostly white and with a black median longitudinal stripe; scutel white, as are fore and mid coxae. Length 19-20 mm pepticus 23. Apex of abdomen immaculate; wings dark fuliginous 24 Apex of abdomen with one or more pale spots 26 24. Postpetiole entirely black 25 Postpetiole more or less white at tip; face white, e«:ept in some individuals in which the lateral depressions are black. Length 12.5-16 mm unifasciatorius 25. Face entirely black. Length 15-17 mm galenus Face black and white; scutel black and white. Length 16 mm ? pequoitorum 26. Postpetiole entirely black above 27 Postpetiole with a narrow (antero-posterior) apical margin of white above; propodeum with a white spot on each side. Length 13 mm merus 27. Hind trochanters black. Length 9-12.5 mm brevicinctor Hind trochanters white. Length 9.5-12.5 mm extrematatis 28. Apex of abdomen partly or entirely black or yellow 29 Apex of abdomen partly or entirely fulvous 41 352 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 29. Apex of abdomen entirely black or blackish brown or yel- low; antennae without a pale annulus 30 Apex of abdomen mostly black, margined with white or yel- low 39 30. Second and third dorsal abdominal segments yellow and black 31 Second and third dorsal abdominal segments yellow at base or apex and sometimes centrally fuscous or reddish. Length 11-14 mm versabilis 31. Second and third dorsal abdominal segments more or less black at apex 32 Second and third dorsal abdominal segments more or less black at base, apex of abdomen black 35 32. Fourth dorsal abdominal segment not partly yellow 33 Fourth dorsal abdominal segment partly yellow 34 33. Abdomen dull, postpetiole scratched, gastrocceli transverse; propodeum generally more or less yellow. Length 15-16 mm comes Abdomen shining, postpetiole smooth and polished, gas- trocceli linear; entirely black. Length 10-12.5 mm wilsoni 34. Abdomen otherwise as in comes or nearly so; body as long as in comes comes var. aleatorius Apex of abdomen black, gastrocoeli deep, first dorsal seg- ment entirely black. Length as in comes comes var. 35. Length less than 15 mm 36 Length 15 mm. or more , 37 36. Length 9 mm parvus Length 6-7 mm.; pale orbital lines interrupted posteriorly. . parvus var. 37. Length 17 mm.; color nearly as in comptus, but abdomen above mostly black, and with four conspicuous yellow transverse bands and with an indistinct fifth transverse yellow band; legs black and yellow quadrizonatus Color not nearly as in comptus 38 38. Pale orbital lines interrupted posteriorly. Length 15-16 mm. laetus Pale orbital lines not interrupted posteriorly, but entire. Length 16-19 mm munificus 39. Mesothorax mostly black, maculated 40 Mesothorax entirely black; abdomen mostly black above and with yellow or whitish transverse bands. Length 14-16 mm ; flavizonatus 40. Length 13 mm.; cheeks black, antennae mostly black, scape and pedicel partly yellow; mesothorax mostly black, only a yellow line above and below insertion of wings; wings tinted with brown, veins mostly dark brown, stigma pale brown; hind coxae entirely black; fore and mid legs al- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 353 most entirely yellow, hind legs yellow with the excep- tion of coxae described above; apical three-fourths of hind femora and apical third of hind tibiae black; greater part of apical half of first abdominal segment, dorsally and laterally, yellow; beyond first segment abdomen above mostly reddish, with a little more than basal third of second, and less than basal third of third to sixth seg- ments, blackish; abdomen brownish yellow beneath; dor- sulum may be entirely black, and pale portions of abdo- men may be yellowish . , footei Length 12.5-14 mm.; mesothorax black, except two longi- tudinal lines above; abdomen mostly yellow above and with black bands; legs yellow or stramineous comptus |I. Antennae with a pale annulus; postpetiole above smooth and polished 42 Antennae without a pale annulus; postpetiole punctate above. Length 11 mm mimicus \2. Hind femora black. Length 7-10 mm paratus Hind femora fulvous. Length 10-11 mm vinnulus (.3. Abdomen mostly reddish above 44 Abdomen mostly yellow above, ultimate, penultimate and antepenultimate dorsal segments, and even one additional dorsal segment, black; legs entirely yellow. Length 16 mm milvus 44. Apex of abdomen black or blackish, second to fourth dorsal abdominal segments more or less reddish; wings hyaline or subhyaline 45 Apex of abdomen not black or blackish SO |.S. Antennae without a pale annulus'; scutel more or less pale ... 46 Antennae with a pale annulus 48 46. Hind coxae black and white, or black 47 Hind coxae reddish. Length 6.5 mm citrifrons 47. Postpetiole coarsely granulated above, not longitudinally rugose; hind coxae black and white. Length 15 mm. ...electns Postpetiole above finely scratched; scutel convex. Length 12.5 mm instabilis *8. Segments of apical portion of abdomen entirely black 49 Segments of apical portion of abdomen with white maculae. Length 7.5-9 mm .finitimus 49. Coxae, trochanters and femora of hind legs, reddish. Length 7.5 mm hospitus Coxae, trochanters and femora of hind legs black or nearly black; length 8 mm.; wings transparent, and with a brown- ish tinge leviculus 50. Wings dark fuligirtous or black 51 Wings hyaline or subhyaline, sometimes reddish 55 51. Antennae without a pale annulus; abdomen mostly reddish 52 23 354 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Antennae with a pale annulus; head and thorax black. Length 14-16 mm insolens 52. Only first dorsal abdominal segment black 53 First to fourth dorsal abdominal segments more or less black at base; scutel yellow. Length 15-16 mm succinctus 53. Hind legs entirely black 54 Hind legs only mostly black, their tibiae with a white line or spot laterally toward base; scutel white; scape entirely black. Length 14-20 mm devinctor 54. Head subquadrate; cheeks convex. Length 17-25 mm., .grandis Head subtriangular, cheeks flattened; scutel black; postpeti- ole scratched. Length 12.5-17.5 mm rufiventris 55. Antennae with "a pale annulus 56 Antennae without a pale annulus 61 56. Hind coxae black, or black and white, or black and yellow; gastrocceli elongate, linear, subobsolete, or wanting , 57 Hind coxae reddish , 60 57. Clypeus either concave or with a more or less distinct me- dian impression or fovea 58 Clypeus flat or subconvex, not excavated medially; abdomen above fulvous, generally more or less marked with fus- cous. Length 6-9 mm scitulus 58. Clypeus with a more or less distinct median impression or fovea; abdomen above uniformly fulvous or reddish 59 Clypeus broadly concave; abdomen above mostly fulvous, and generally with fuscous spots on second to fourth seg- ments. Length 14-17.5 mm w-album 59- Length 11-13 mm.; hind femora not reddish duplicates Length 8-9 mm.; hind femora reddish duplicatiformis 60. All dorsal abdominal segments black and reddish; length 9 mm.; body, at least above, closely punctate; areola sub- quadrate, bounded anteriorly by a groove separating it from postscutel; face below insertion of antennae and or- bital margins, yellow; orbital yellow mark not completely bounding eyes; lateral margin of pronotum, a line beneath each wing, greater portion of scutel, fore coxae, greater part of mid coxae, fore trochanters and mid trochanters, yellow; spurs whitish; antennae various shades of brown, and with a yellow annulus, owing to fifteenth to twenty- second joints being entirely or mostly yellow; scape brown- ish yellow; mesopleurae and propodeum partly, hind coxae almost entirely, trochanters, femora and part of tibiae of hind legs, apical fourth of first abdominal segment, sec- ond and third dorsal abdominal segments, greater part of each succeeding segment, and abdomen beneath, except first segment, various shades of red; wings subhyaline, tinted with brown; veins dark brown, stigma pale brown quin tills No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 355 Dorsal abdominal segments second to fourth, sometimes in- cluding fifth, narrowly black at base. Length 14-15 mm. volens 61. Abdomen above entirely reddish; mesothorax reddish, rest of thorax mostly reddish, hind femora reddish; head black and yellow. Length 7.5-9 mm utilis Abdomen above mostly reddish; basal margin of segments more or less black; head and thorax reddish, except pleurae which are generally black beneath; gastrocceli deep, fovei- form; postpetiole scratched. Length 12.5-15 mm longulus 62. Abdomen above black or blue, immaculate; legs black or blue and white; scutel pale; face more or less white 63 Abdomen above black and reddish; second, third, and some- times base of fourth segment, more or less reddish; scutel pale, hind legs black; coxae, tibiae and tarsi varied with white. Length 15 mm electua 63. Abdomen black, at least above. Length 15-17.5 mm ultus Abdomen blue-black, at least above. Length 14-15 mm. stadaconensis *A. (Chasmias?) pequoitorum Viereck (new species). Type locality: Putnam, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). °A. (C.) orpheus (Cresson). °A. (C.) saucius (Cresson). *A. (C?) nigratoricolor Viereck (new species). Type locality: Branford, 19 September, 1904 (H. W. W.). A. (Stenichneumon?) malacus (Say). Howard, Insect Book, PL ix, Fig. 16. Occurs throughout the state. Branford, 19 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; North Branford, 16 November, 1912 (H. B, Kirk). *A. (S.?) cinctitarsis (Provancher). A. (S.?) cincticornis (Cresson). Occurs all over the state. A. (S.?) flavicornis (Cresson). On the wing in June and July, throughout the state. A. (S.?) otiosus (Say). Scotland, 15 July, 1904 (B. H. W.). A. (S.?) ormenus (Cresson). New Haven (A. E. V.). A. (S.?) centrator (Say). Howard, Insect Book, PI. ix, Fig. 14, as Ichneumon curtator (typographical error). 356 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Parasitic on (Pyrrharctia) Isia Isabella. Occurs in June and July, throughout the state. A. (Cratichneumon?) galenus (Cresson). This is probably the male of cincticornis. Generally distributed in Connecticut. A. (C?) pepticus (Cresson). This may be the male of orpheus. New Haven, 21 May, 1903 (W. E. B.). A. (C.) subcyaneus (Cresson). This species may be parasitic on the white-marked tussock moth, Hemerocampa leucostigma. Occurs throughout the state as early as May, during which month it visits flowers of For- sythia, and as late as September. A. (C?) comes (Cresson). PI. ix, Fig. 2. Visits flowers of Cicuta maadata. May be only a variety of bronteus. Generally distributed throughout the state, and has been taken, flying, June to October. A. (C?) comes var. aleatorius (Harris). (A. C?) flavizonatus (Cresson). Howard. Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 11. A parasite of the army worm, (Leucania, Heliophila) Cirphis unipuncta, and may be the male of jucundus. Generally dis- tributed throughout the state. Has been taken, flying, in June. A. (C?) leviculus (Cresson). Stafford, 24 August, 1904 (W. E. B.). A. (C?) succinctus (Brulle). New Haven, 16 June, 1900 (W. E. B.). A. (C?) w-album (Cresson). Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 6. Ccelichneumon, according to Morley. New Haven, 14 June, 1905 (B. H. W.), 22 August, 1904 (P.L.B.). A. (C?) annulipes (Cresson). °A. (Pterocormus ?) germanus (Cresson). *A. (P.?) apertus (Cresson). A. (P.?) merus (Cresson). New Haven, 8 June, 1904 (W. E. B.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 357 A. (Cratichneumon) brevicinctor (Say). Westville, u June, 1905 (W. E. B.). °A. (P.?) caliginosus (Cresson). A. (Melanichneumon) extrematatis (Cresson). Occurs all over the state, and has been taken in May and July. A. (P.?) sagus (Cresson). A. (Stenichneumon) sublatus (Cresson). A. (S.) sublatus var. proximus (Cresson). °A. (Cratichneumon) azotus (Cresson). *A. (P.?) infidelis (Cresson). Type locality: Connecticut (E. N.). A. (Cratichneumon) unifasciatorius (Say). Howard, In- sect Book, PL x, Fig. 10. Ccelichneumon according to Morley. Parasitic on (Acronycta) Apatela oblinita. Genrally dis- tributed over the state and on the wing in August and September. °A. (P.?) bronteus (Cresson). A. (Barichneumon) helvipes (Cresson). A. (P.?) versabilis (Cresson). Scudder, Butterflies of New England, Vol. iii, PL 88, Fig. 2. Hosts: (Chrysophanus) Hoedes hypophlceas, (Grapta) Poly- gonia f annus. Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.), on flowers of Cicuta maculata. °A. (P.?) wilsoni (Cresson). Howard, Insect Book, PL x, Fig. 1. A. (P.?) munificus (Cresson). A. (P.?) mimicus (Cresson). Probably confined to the Alleghanian region of the state. *A. (P.) quintilis Viereck (new species). Type locality: Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *A. (P.) quadrizonatus Viereck (new species). Type locality: Branford, 16, 19 September, 1904 (H. W. W.). Also from New Haven, 12 September, 1904 (B. H. W.) ; Stam- ford, 18 June, 1912 (H. B. Kirk). *A. (P.) footei Viereck (new species). Type locality: Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.), on 358 CONNECTICUT GEOL, AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. flowers of goldenrod. Also from Pemaquid Point, Maine, August, 1906 (H. W. Foote). *A. (P.) winkleyi Viereck (new species). Type locality: Branford, 5 July, 1905 (H. W. W.). *A. (P.) brittoni Viereck (new species). Type locality: Torrington, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). A. (P.?) parvus (Cresson). Very likely limited to the same region as the preceding species. A. (P.?) jucundus (Brulle). Guilford, 9 August, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; Bolton, 3 April, 191 3 (D. J. Caffrey). A. (P.?) comptus (Say). Possibly the male of atrifrons. West Hartford, 29 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). A. (P.?) subdolus (Cresson). A. (P.?) paratus (Say). A. (P.?) vinnulus (Cresson). Probably only a variety of paratus. New Haven, 8 June (W. E- B.), 18, 22 August, 1904 (P. L. B.). A. (P.?) milvus (Cresson). . A. (P.?) instabilis (Cresson). Hosts : CEneis noma var. semidea; Phyciodes tharos. Yalesville, 24 September, 1912 (H. B. Kirk). °A. (P.?) finitimus Cresson. °A. (P.?) terminalis (Cresson.) A. (P.?) hospitus (Cresson). Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *A. (P.?) citrifrons (Cresson). *A. (P.?) putus (Cresson). Type locality: Connecticut. A. (P.?) grandis (Brulle). °A. (P.?) rufiventris (Brulle). Scudder, Butterflies of New England, Vol. iii, PL 88, Fig. 1. A. (P.?) devinctor (Say). Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 12. NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 359 A. (P.?) duplicatus (Say). A. (P.?) lewisi (Cresson) Branford, 8 May, 1905 (H. W. W.). A. (Pterocormus) laetus (Brulle). Same as funestus (Cres- son), according to Knight, corroborated by Henry Bird in rear- ings from Papaipema duplicata. Plainfield, 17 April, 1906, Scotland, 25 July, 1904, New Haven, 10 June, 1904 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 4 May 1904 (H. L. V.) ; on flowers of Forsythia suspensa and Lonicera fragrantissima; Torrington, 7 July, 1905 ( W. E. B.) ; Meriden, May, 1913 (H. L. Johnson). Occurs throughout the State in June and July. °A. (P.?) velox (Cresson). °A. (P.?) maius (Cresson). *A. (P.?) signatipes (Cresson). °A. (P.?) scitulus (Cresson. A. (P.?) seminiger (Cresson). Howard Insect Book, PI. ix, Fig. 15. New Haven, 7 May, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; Hamden, 25 May, Lyme, 5 August, 191 1 (A. B. C). °A. (P.?) volens (Cresson). °A. (P.?) brevipennis (Cresson). Parasitic on (Leucania, Heliophila) Cirphis albilinea. *A. (P.?) disparilis (Cresson). Type locality: Connecticut. A. (P.?) utilis (Cresson). Parasite of the canker-worm. Possibly the male of soror. °A. (P.?) nanus (Cresson). Bred from Acrobasis rubrifasciella. °A. (P.?) longulus (Cresson). Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 5- °A. (Melanichneumon?) viola (Cresson). Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 20. Ccelichneumon, according to Morley. °A. (Ccelichneumon) caeruleus (Cresson). Howard, Insect Book, PI. x, Fig. 16. Cratichneumon. Parasitic on the white-marked tussock moth, Hemetocampa leucostigma. 360 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. *A. (C.) sassacus Viereck (new species). Type locality: Westville, 21 October, 1905 (W. E. B.). A. (C.) pulcher (Brulle). New Haven, 17 May, 1911 (W. E. B.). A. (C.) navus (Say). °A. (Amblyteles) atrifrons (Cresson). *A. (A.) ultus (Cresson). *A. (A.) ultus var. rogalis (Cresson). A. (A.) stadaconensis (Provancher). Salisbury, 27 August, 1904 (W. E. B.). *A. (A.) electus (Cresson). A. (A.) detritus (LePeletier). *A. (A.) nortoni (Cresson). Type locality : Connecticut. A. (A.) suturalis (Say). A. leucanice Fitch. A parasite of the army worm (Leucania, Heliophila) Cirphis unipuncta, New Haven, 17 May, 1905 (B. H. W.), on flowers of apple (P yr us mains) . Plantsville (A. Shepard). °A. (Trachichneumon) confirmatus (Cresson). °A. (Tetragonochora ?) insolens (Cresson). Howard, Insect Book, PI. ix, Fig. 13. A. (Barichneumon) soror (Cresson). New Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). *A. (B.?) duplicatiformis Viereck (new species). Type locality: Connecticut. Type in collection of American Entomological Society, Philadelphia. *A. (Ectopimorpha) anceps (Cresson). °A. (Probolus?) rufizonatus (Cresson). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 361 CYNIPOIDEA.* To this superfamily belong parasitic, guest or inquilinous, and gall-making species, which are seemingly intermediate between the aculeates and the almost exclusively parasitic forms of the order Hymenoptera. The gall-making forms are in the majority, and are responsible for many of the abnormal growths that are to be seen on quite a variety of plants, especially oak trees. They are, when in the galls, attacked by birds, and by a host of parasitic insects belonging to the next succeeding superfamily of this order and possibly to even some others of the superfamilies of the Hymen- optera, so that it has been the wonder of students of these insects that any of them should survive to perpetuate their kind. There are many interesting aspects of the study of these mostly minute insects, and any one wishing to pursue the subject intimately will find an abundance of literature over which to browse. For references to some of the more interesting papers on these insects the reader may consult the bibliography given in the introduction to this work on the Hymenoptera of Connecticut. Key to Families. 1. Dorsal abdominal segments not extending down along the sides so as to meet beneath ventral segments, therefore all or nearly all of the ventral segments visible 2 Dorsal abdominal segments extending down along the sides and meeting beneath, thereby completely enclosing or con- cealing the ventral segments or all of the ventral segments except a part of the apical one or the hypopygium . . . FIGITIDyE p. 363 2. Basal joint of hind tarsi usually shorter and never much longer than joints two to five united; abdomen not at all or very little longer than head and thorax combined CYNIPID^E p. 368 •The classification here adopted is that of the late Dr. Wm. H. Ashmead. 362 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. NOMENCLATURE OF WING PARTS IN THE DRAWING OF DIASTROPHUS NEBULOSUS. COMSTOCK-NEEDHAM SYSTEM Sea + 2d R. + R, OLD SYSTEM Marginal cell . Areolet R4 + 1 ^0. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 363 Basal joint of hind tarsi at least twice as long as second, third, fourth, and fifth joints united; second, third, and fourth joints of tarsi longer than fifth, second with a long spinous process extending outwardly; abdomen very distinctly compressed from side to side, spatulate, and distinctly longer than head and thorax united; first to fourth or even including fifth segment nearly equal in length to each other IBALIID^ p. 442 figitidje. Key to Genera. 1. Abdomen ovate, compressed or subcompressed from side to side, in some species distinctly petiolate, its apex usu- ally pointed 2 Abdomen short, globose or subglobose, second* segment longer than the others; scutel smooth and convex; hind tibiae with only one apical spur; pronotum and legs without leaf-like dilatations; claws simple; mesonotum entirely without notauli; wings fully developed, marginal cell com- pletely closed; antennae 13-jointed in the female, 14-jointed in the male; scutel not foveate at base; wings much longer than abdomen Xystus p. 367 2. Scutel without a cup-like elevation above, usually foveate at base, spined or cone-shaped 3 Scutel with a cup-like elevation above; second abdominal segment always the longest and usually occupying most of the surface of abdomen; hind tibiae with two apical spurs 8 3. Abdomen distinctly petiolated, second segment usually some- what longer than third; scutel more or less conical, but never ending in a spine, separated from mesonotum by a suture or furrow, and with two oblique fovea? at its base; petiole of abdomen usually longer than hind coxae, and smooth; propodeum not areolated Anacharis p. 365 Abdomen sessile or subsessile, or with a short petiole, sec- ond segment shorter than third 4 4. Second abdominal segment not prolonged dorsally, as seen from the side, and not tongue-shaped; cheeks margined; eyes hairy or pubescent; mesopleurae separated from meso- sternum by a sharp, longitudinal ridge or carina 6 Second abdominal segment prolonged dorsally, as seen from the side, tongue-shaped 5 5. Scutel not spined; mesonotum scabrous, opaque, with two dis- tinct furrows and a median carina; scutel elevated and truncate posteriorly and with a channel throughout; mar- ginal cell open at base and along fore margin, confluent with costal cell; female with antennae 13-jointed, and 364 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. filiform Onychia p. 365 Scutel ending in a spine; marginal cell open along the fore margin and sometimes at its base, confluent with costal cell; mesothorax carinate and scabrous or smooth and without carina, with notauli; female antennae 13-jointed, filiform Aspicera p. 365 6. Marginal cell completely closed 7 Marginal cell more or less open along fore margin; scutel rugose, more or less carinate, and ending in a long acute spine; female antennae 13-jointed, subclavate, male an- tenna? 14-jointed, filiform Solenaspis p. 366 7. Scutel rugose, rounded or obtuse at its apex, but never ending in a spine; head and thorax smooth, shining; female an- tennae 13-jointed, subclavate, with their joints beyond the fifth oblong-oval, the third longer than the fourth, male an- tennae 14-jointed, filiform; abdomen not much compressed from side to side Figitcs p. 366 Scutel rugose, more or less carinate, and ending in an acute spine which latter is sometimes channeled; female antennae 13-jointed, subclavate, male antennae 14-jointed, filiform, the third joint a little shorter than the fourth Solenaspis p. 366 8. Females 9 Males: characters the same as in the corresponding females except antennae which are 15-jointed, and other particulars as noted below 1 1 9. Propodeum not produced into a long neck, abdomen at most subsessile, its base with a hairy girdle; front wings entire at apex, never emarginate or excised although sometimes truncate; apical portion of the submarginal vein slender, always two or more times longer than thick; wings fully developed and long enough to extend beyond tip of abdomen when lying over the latter; antennae 13- jointed 10 Propodeum as in Eucoila; abdomen at base without a hairy girdle; mesonotum with notauli that are distinct to base of scutel, converging and meeting before reaching base of scutel, thence extending to base as a delicate carina; mar- ginal cell closed; antennae 12-jointed Eucoilidea p. 366 10. Marginal cell closed along front margin; wings bare, glabrous, not pubescent or ciliated; antennae subfiliform, not ending in a distinct club, although slightly thickened toward apex, third joint a little longer than fourth Eucoila p. 366 Marginal cell open along front margin, closed at base, apical division of the submarginal vein distinct, wings pubescent, ciliate; abdomen not unusually compressed from side to side, hypopygium not very prominent; front wings with No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 365 cubitus present and distinct; antennas subclavate or clavate, more or less thickened toward apex, joints submoniliform Cothonaspis p. 367 11. Marginal cell closed 12 Marginal cell open along front margin, not confluent with costal cell, apical portion of abscissa of submarginal vein always present, cubitus in front wings always more or less present or distinct, wings pubescent, ciliate; cup of scutel rather oval or ovate; first joint of flagel not longer than second Cothonaspis p. 367 12. Marginal cell closed along front margin, wings as in female; antennae filiform and with cylindrical joints. .. . Eucoila p. 366 Characters as in female Encoilidea except as to antennae, which are 15-jointed Eucoilidea p. 366 Anacharis Dalman. A. marginata Provancher. Male : length 3 mm. ; mostly black ; antennae brown at base, the remainder yellowish ; scutel rugose, surrounded by a border ; wings hyaline, veins brown to reddish black ; legs stramineous, ex- cept the posterior coxae, which are black. A. sp. New Haven, 19 August, 1905. Bred from Baccha fascipennis or Phenacoccus (W. E. B.). Onychia Haliday. O. provancheri Ashmead. Female : length 4.5 mm. ; mostly black ; scutel, metathorax and sides of the rest of the thorax reddish ; wings hyaline, veins yellowish, with a blackish tinge; legs brown to reddish with a blackish tinge, their femora infuscated ; petiole of abdomen red- dish ; ovipositor hardly exserted. Aspicera Dahlbom. A. sp. Female : length 4 mm. ; black, except flagel, trochanters, femora, tibiae, and tarsi, which are castaneous ; wings hyaline, veins pale stramineous ; ovipositor scarcely exserted. Male: length 3.5 mm. ; colored like the female, except the hind femora, which are mostly blackish. Branford, 26 July, 1905 (H. W. W.). Also from New Haven, 20 July, 1904 (W. E. B.). 366 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Solenaspis Ashmead. S. armata (Say). Diplolepis armatus Say. D. V-lineatus Say. Female and male : length 4 mm. ; mostly black ; antennas red- dish, with the first joint black; legs reddish or stramineous; wings hyaline, veins brown or brownish, scutel conical. Figites Latreille. Undoubtedly represented in the state although not yet re- corded. Eucoila Westwood. Psilodora Foerster. E. pedata (Say). Diplolepis pedatus Say. Male : length 2 mm. ; mostly black ; third joint of antennae a little arcuated and equal to the length of the fourth and fifth com- bined, antennae yellowish with a blackish tinge; mandibles black- ish ; wings with a very slight blackish tinge, veins brown ; legs stramineous. E. stigmata (Say). Diplolepis stigmatus Say. Kleidotoma maculipenne Provaricher. Length 1.5 mm. ; mostly black; antennae mostly blackish, their basal joint yellowish, second joint almost spherical, second and third joints subequal in length; wings hyaline, veins yellowish; stigma triangular ; legs pale stramineous ; abdomen dull rufous. E. impatiens (Say). Diplolepis impatiens Say. Kleidotoma cupuliferum Provancher. Length 4 mm. ; mostly black ; antennae blackish, mandibles reddish ; scutel with a margin, deeply depressed and rugose ; wings hyaline, veins pale brown ; legs reddish or rather piceous. Eucoilidea Ashmead. Key to Species. Female: length 2 mm.; all legs dark red; veins yellowish canadensis Male: length 2 mm.; mostly black; antennae red and longer than body; legs except femora, which are black at tips, stramineous; wings hyaline, their veins pale longicornis E. canadensis (Ashmead). Figites canadensis Ashmead. E. longicornis Ashmead. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 367 Cothonaspis Ashmead. Probably occurs in the state. Xystus Hartig. Allotria. X. brassicse Ashmead. Cabbage Aphis Xystus, or Cabbage Aphis Allotria. This is a parasite of the cosmopolitan Aphis brassicce. Length 1.2 mm. Female: mostly black; face and vertex stramineous; antennae pale yellowish brown, or yellowish toward base, becom- ing brownish or inf uscated at the tip ; thorax smooth ; wings clear, their veins yellowish ; second abdominal segment but slightly longer than the third ; abdomen more or less stramineous at base and beneath ; legs stramineous or tawny yellow. Male : with the third, fourth and fifth joints of the antennas almost equal in length, and each of these joints arched ; pleurae more or less stramineous. X. avenae Fitch. Oat Xystus, or Oat Allotria. Length 1.5 mm.; mostly black; legs brownish; basal joint of the antennae no thicker than the others, long, egg-shaped with its smaller end downward, and tapering into a short pedicel which is one-third the thickness of the joints and not as long as thick, the joints near the apex scarcely diminished in thickness and not at all in length, the apical joint egg-shaped ; wings hyaline with a smoky tinge, their veins brown. X. tritici Fitch. Length 1.2 mm.; mostly black; head and legs pale yellowish; basal joints of the antennae pale yellowish and more slender than the others, about three times as long as thick, obovate, trans- versely cut off at tip; second joint oval, twice as long as thick; third and fourth joints each as long as both the preceding and but half their thickness, slender ; fifth joint thicker, and the fol- lowing ones gradually increasing in thickness until they become equal in thickness to the basal joint ; the joints near the apex three times as long as thick, and cylindrical, the terminal joint oval; head about twice as broad as long, face and mouth pale yellowish, vertex yellowish, with a blackish tinge; wings hyaline, slightly smoky, veins brown ; end of abdomen blunt, with a thick papilla- like projection from its middle. 368 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. CYNIPID.E Key to Genera. 1. Females , 2 Males: base of scutel with two foveae, or a transverse fur- row 18 2. Wings rudimentary or wanting 3 Wings fully developed; base of scutel with two foveae or a transverse groove 4 3. Scutel terminating in an obtuse thorn Philonix p. 380 Scutel obtuse posteriorly; notauli entire; antennae distinctly 14-jointed; face with an obtuse carina extending from front to between antennal insertions, head broader behind eyes; ventral thorn only one to one and one-half times as long as thick; wingless, or with rudimentary wings. .Biorhiza p. 383 4. First abdominal segment deeply longitudinally furrowed, second and third segments united, without suture; the en- tire face with sharp radiating furrows, frontal groove dis- tinct, short or reaching to, or very near to, the lateral ocelli; marginal cell completely closed; antennae 13-, 14-, or 15-jointed Synergus p. 377 First abdominal segment smooth; frontal groove entirely absent 5 5. Face without two distinct parallel carinae 6 Face with two distinct parallel carinae, extending from the insertion of antennae to clypeus; antennae 12- or 13-jointed, third joint as long as fourth; base of scutel with two shal- low foveae; propodeum with two parallel grooves; third ab- dominal segment larger than second, the two connate, but with a fine suture between them, these forming the great- est part of the abdomen; marginal cells closed ; Ceroptrcs p. 375 6. Hypopygium not prolonged to a fine point, usually emargi- nate beneath, and often with a very short ventral spine; fore tibiae with an indistinct or small spine; clypeus pres- ent, at least defined at the sides 7 Hypopygium plowshare-shaped, gradually narrowed to a fine point, without a prominent ventral spine; mesopleurae on the lower half with strong, often wrinkled or deeply punctate, longitudinal groove, except in R. dichlocerus; margina cell closed; claws of hind tarsi entire. .Rhodites p. 440 7. A suture between mesothorax and scutel, the latter with a distinct, more or less elevated carinate anterior margin 8 A suture between mesothorax and scutel, anterior margin of latter not thickened and carinate, in front of trans- verse groove, or, very rarely, feebly so; posterior margin of mesothorax medially arcuately emarginate and laterally more or less arcuately prolonged or rounded out, each No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 369 pronounced emargination having also an interrupted trans- verse furrow, arcuately curved; notauli wanting or not dis- tinctly marked; antennae and tibiae without long hairs.... Neuroterus p. 384 8. Abdomen without silky pubescence, almost entirely or en- tirely without hairs; apical third of antennae not thinner than middle third; body not at all yellow, polished; disk of scutel margined; claws of hind tarsi distinctly or indis- tinctly bidentate or entire 9 Abdomen, especially from the third to the last segment, en- tirely or at least on lower two-thirds, covered with a rich silky pubescence, pretty much the same as head, thorax and legs; head much widened behind the eyes; mesotho- racic ridges parallel or nearly so. Agamous form: claws of posterior tarsi bidentate; antennae with second joint as long as or longer than thick; notauli complete, scutel some- what broader than long, its base with two transverse fur- rows each closed externally by a carina Cynips p. 403 9. Abdomen with second and third segments not united; base of scutel either with an externally closed transverse groove or with two foveas 10 Abdomen with second and third segments united, without or rarely with a trace of separating suture, so that only six free segments appear, segments two to three forming almost the entire abdomen; cheeks without furrow, the front laterally striped; head not wider behind eyes; pro- thorax not narrowed medially; base of scutel with two sharply marked foveae; metathorax with two straight par- allel longitudinal ridges ; ventral spine at most scarcely twice as long as thick; marginal cell closed; antennae 12- jointed; the third shorter, or at most as long as the fourth; flagel filiform; prothorax with two more or less distinct carinulae converging above backwards; meso- thorax finely alutaceous, punctate and hairy, or, as in P. sylvestris, very finely and feebly alutaceous; claws of posterior tarsi bidentate Periclistus p. 373 10. Genera not as in Amphibolips; scutel without a distinct longi- tudinal groove, except in the species of Aulax, in which the claws are entire • • • 1 1 Scutel with a very distinct excavated longitudinal wrinkled furrow; cheeks at least half as long as eyes, apical third of 13- or 14-jointed antennae not thicker than the middle; head and thorax, especially mesothorax and scutel, very deeply wrinkled and hairy, mesothorax with two distinct or indistinct, not polished, parapsidal grooves; base of scutel with moderately deep subquadrate foveae, the disk somewhat broader than long, obtusely rounded posteriorly, 24 370 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. and in the middle with an entire longitudinal groove; marginal cell open at wing margin, very brown or pale brown at base; claws of posterior tarsi bidentate Amphibolips p. 404 XI. Cheeks, at most, half as long as eyes; antennae with apical third thicker than joints five to six; marginal cell elongate and open at wing margin 14 Cheeks more than half as long as eyes and without a furrow; flagel filiform, apical third not thicker than joints five to six; head not, or scarcely s wider behind eyes; prothorax not narrowed medially, or at least not strongly con- stricted; parapsidal grooves entire 12 12. Base of scutel with two sharply impressed foveae; ventral spine, at most, a little longer than thick 13 Base of scutel without foveae, but with a transverse furrow Solenozopheria p. 434 13. Claws of posterior tarsi entire; mesothorax often more or less polished; base of scutel with two very sharply sepa- rated foveae, which are more or less triangular or quad- rangular, and often very large; large triangular lateral foveae not extending upwards and inwards, but lying on the free side of the scutel; antennae 13- to 14-jointed, third joint shorter, or a little longer than the fourth.. .Aulax p. 374 Claws of posterior tarsi bidentate; mesothorax polished or nearly so Diastrophus p. 435 14. Genera not as in Andricus; metathoracic ridges, except in Loxaulus, not straight and parallel; base of scutel with a transverse furrow, or with two sharply limited foveae, in the latter case the metathoracic ridges in the middle elevation of the metathorax strongly arcuate or angularly separated IS Base of scutel with two sharply separated foveae; metatho- rax with straight parallel ridges, or inferiorly somewhat di- vergent, rarely distinctly but not sharply serrulate, parap- sidal grooves sharp and entire, often indistinctly defined anteriorly; mesothorax rarely transversely wrinkled; an- tennae and tibiae not fimbriate; third joint of antennae longer than fourth or equal as in A. tubicola .. Andricus p. 409 15. Claws of posterior tarsi entire; antennas and tibiae not fimbri- ate; mesothorax glabrous 16 Claws of posterior tarsi bidentate, mesothorax often abun- dantly hairy, scutel usually with an uninterrupted trans- verse groove 17 16. Parapsidal grooves of the polished or moderately deeply wrinkled mesothorax very sharply defined; antennae with fourteen to fifteen joints, third as long as, or longer than No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 37 1 fourth; base of scutel with two distinctly separated foveae; moderately thick antennae 14-jointed; mesothorax polished; body yellow or reddish yellow Biorhiza p. 383 Parapsidal grooves of the alutaceous mesothorax shallow, feebly or not at all impressed anteriorly; antennae 13- to 14-jointed, third and fourth joints equal; middle arc of . metathorax with a more or less distinct median longitud- inal carina; cheeks with a sharp furrow; antennae with thir- teen joints, head distinctly broader behind eyes; base of scutel with an arcuate transverse groove, metathoracic ridges almost straight and parallel Loxaulus p. 395 17. Parapsidal grooves on anterior third of mesonotum wanting; second abdominal segment with perpendicularly declivous posterior margin; entire body, with exception of the larger part of abdomen, abundantly hairy; antennae and tibiae not fimbriate Holcaspis p. 401 Parapsidal grooves entire; second abdominal segment above posteriorly prolonged, tongue-shaped or, when seen lat- erally, triangular; agamous form abundantly hairy; anten- nae and tibiae fimbriate; sexual form in great part bare; mesothorax polished, or nearly so, and very shining Dryophanta p. 396 18. First annular abdominal segment longitudinally sulcate; en- tire face with radiating grooves; frontal carina present, often very distinct and long, sometimes short and indis- tinct; marginal cell closed; antennae with fifteen joints, frontal carina usually reaching to lateral ocelli Synergus p. 377 First abdominal segment annular or cylindrical, not grooved; frontal carina wanting .. 19 19. Face without carinae as in Ceroptres 20 Face with two parallel carinae extending from insertion of an- tennae to clypeus, antennae 15-jointed, third joint as long as fourth, emarginate; base of scutel with two faint fur- rows, metathorax with two parallel ridges; marginal cell closed Ceroptres p. 375 20. Mesopleurae without a groove as in Rhodites 21 Mesopleurae with their lower half provided with a strong longitudinal groove, often wrinkled or coarsely punctate, except perhaps in R. dichlocerus ; cheeks longer than half of eyes, third joint of antennae the longest; marginal cell closed; claws of posterior tarsi entire Rhodites p. 440 21. Second abdominal segment overhanging all the others; • face with radiating striae; mesothorax transversely wrinkled anteriorly; clypeus, at least laterally, well developed; a more or less distinct ridge on middle of anterior margin of scutel; cheeks with a sharp furrow, antennae 14- or 372 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 15-jointed; flagel rather slender; all joints at least three times as long as thick; mesothorax polished, with sharply defined, entire parapsidal grooves; two foveae at base of scutel separated by a carina; propodeum with two superior parallel ridges, which at middle of disc are strongly divergent, then angularly bent and converging to the peduncular thoracic articulation 22 Second abdominal segment not overhanging all the others; face with radiating striae; mesothorax transversely wrinkled anteriorly, its posterior margin medially arcuately emarginate, and laterally more or less arcuately prolonged or rounded out, each pronounced emargination also with an interrupted transverse furrow, arcuately curved, parap- sidal grooves wanting or not distinctly marked; abdomen petiolate; a suture between mesothorax and scutel, ante- rior margin of latter in front of transverse groove, not thickened and carinate or very rarely feebly so Neuroterus p. 384 22. Genera not having the characters of Periclistus, as given below, nor those of Xestophanes, which are as follows: face, occiput, mesothorax, and mesopleurae polished, bare and black; cheeks about half as long as eyes; antenna; 14- jointed, prothorax near middle of anterior margin pro- vided with two foveae, the space between these fovea? polished and bare, base of scutel with two sharply defined furrows; metathorax with two parallel longitudinal ridges; claws of posterior tarsi entire 23 Antennae 14-jointed; mesothorax finely wrinkled, punctate and hairy or finely alutaceous and shining; base of scutel with two sharply marked foveas, metathorax with two parallel ridges, claws of posterior tarsi bidentate; abdomen ses- sile, its second and third segments connate, with a more or less distinct suture between; marginal cell closed Periclistus p. 373 23. Cheeks half as long as eyes; base of scutel with two sharply marked foveae; abdomen sessile 24 Cheeks less than half as long as eyes; marginal cell open.. 26 24. Claws of posterior tarsi distinctly or indistinctly bidentate, in the latter case the mesothorax sharply transversely wrinkled and the marginal cell closed; antennae 13-, 14-, or 15-jointed 2r Claws of posterior tarsi entire; antennae 14- or 15-jointed, third joint shorter, equal to or a little longer than fourth; base of scutel above with two very large or moderate ' foveae, lateral foveae lying in perpendicular side of scutel Aulax p. 374 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 373 25. Base of scutel with deep or moderately deep and not trans- verse fovese; marginal cell open at the wing margin, some- times closed in D. radicum; claws of posterior tarsi biden- tate Diastrophus p. 435 Base of scutel without fovese but with a transverse furrow Solenozopheria p. 434 26. Metathoracic carinas strongly curved, rarely indistinctly so, in Loxaulus almost straight, in which case the scutel has a transverse groove; antennae 15-jointed 27 Metathoracic ridges straight and parallel, or very slightly curved; antennae 14- to 16-jointed, third joint longer than fourth; mesothorax with two sharply defined, entire parap- sidal grooves, base of scutel with two very distinct foveae; abdomen usually not pedunculate, rarely slightly so Andricus p. 409 27. Parapsidal grooves sharply excavated and entire, mesothorax polished, or moderately coarsely wrinkled 28 Parapsidal grooves feebly defined or absent, mesothorax finely alutaceous, claws of posterior tarsi entire; cheeks with a sharply defined furrow, head broader behind eyes; base of scutel with an arcuate transverse furrow, metatho- racic ridges almost straight and parallel; abdomen not petiolate Loxaulus p. 395 28. Reddish yellow; third joint of antennae longer than fourth, externally strongly emarginate, and abruptly thickened near the notch; mesothorax polished, base of scutel with two sharply defined foveae; abdomen not petiolate Biorhiza p. 383 Mesothorax not reddish yellow and at the same time pol- ished; abdomen distinctly petiolate; claws of posterior tarsi bidentate; posterior margin on upper side of second abdominal segment prolonged obliquely into a tongue-like process; head, thorax, and abdomen, black; mesothorax polished or nearly so Dryophanta p. 396 Periclistus Foerster. P. pirata (Osten Sacken). Rhodites globulus Beutenmtiller. Aulax pirata Osten Sacken. Globular Rose Gall. Length 2 to 2.5 mm.; black, with legs and antennae reddish yellow, base of coxae, however, also black ; wings hyaline ; mandi- bles sometimes reddish; antennae somewhat brownish in some females; male antennas 14-jointed, the third joint very strongly excised on the under side; female antennae 12-jointed, third joint not excised, last joint much longer than preceding but not quite 374 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. equal to the combined length of the antepenultimate and the penul- timate joints ; third abdominal segment in the male longer than the second, in the female the second abdominal segment occupy- ing nearly all of the abdomen. Galls on Rosa Carolina. Stonington, 10 March, 1906 (B. H. W.). P. sylvestris (Osten Sacken). Aulax sylvestris Osten Sacken. Length 2.2 to 3 mm. ; pitch-black, antennae reddish ; feet yel- lowish red ; wings hyaline ; abdomen brownish verging to chestnut brown or yellowish brown beneath; male antennae 14-jointed; female antennae 12-jointed; face aciculate, its scratches converg- ing toward the mouth, front and vertex polished ; prothorax opaque, dorsum of the mesothorax minutely punctate but shin- ing, pleurae with a polished quadrangular space, the lowest side of which is somewhat aciculated, scutel gibbose, deeply rugose punctate; second and third segments of the abdomen in the male equal in length, the second segment of the afitiomen in the female covering nearly all of the rest of the abdomen. Aulax Hartig. Aylax. *A. podagras Bassett. Length 2.5 mm., the male somewhat shorter ; female as fol- lows : mostly black ; vertex reticulated or punctate, antennae dark brownish red, 13- jointed, first joint club-shaped, second joint half as long and the third as long as the first, the succeeding joints equal to each other in length and slightly shorter than the third ; mesonotum with a few scattered hairs and with transverse wrinkles, also with two lines reaching half-way to the scutel, and with a median line, which latter is broadest at its origin at the scutel but disappears half-way between the latter and the pronotum, parapsidal grooves entire, in addition lines at the base of the wings ; scutel rugose, its f oveae rugulose ; legs concolorous with the antennae; wings hyaline, their veins dark, radial area closed ; abdomen polished, its second segment twice as long as the third, the two almost entirely covering the rest of the abdomen; male with the antennae 14-jointed, the third joint curved and incised ; the abdomen smaller in the male than in the female. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 375 The galls in this species occur as rounded swellings at the leaf nodes of long hollow stalks of Lactuca f canadensis. The type locality of this species is probably Waterbury. *A. tumida Bassett. Lettuce Tumor Gall. Length 3-3.5 mm. Female: head and thorax black; antennae 1 3- jointed, translucent brown at the base to dusky brown beyond, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth joints equal in length, the succeeding joints subequal to the apical one, which is long and shows an indistinct annulation ; facial ridge present, vertex dis- tinctly reticulated, the head as a whole distinctly subquadrate; thorax sculptured like the vertex, pleurae striate, the parallel lines on the mesonotum indistinct, median line present, parapsidal grooves almost parallel until close to the scutel, where they converge, lines from the scutel toward the base of the wings distinct ; the appressed microscopic hairs on the thorax giving to it a silky appearance and somewhat obscuring the sculpture of the same; scutel slightly rugose and with somewhat coarser hairs than the rest of the dorsum of the thorax ; f oveae of the scutel not smooth ; legs dark reddish brown, claws simple ; wings with a faint smoky tinge, their veins yellowish brown ; areolet wanting ; cubitus reaching two-thirds of the distance to the first transverse vein, radial area closed ; abdomen shining, semi-translucent brown, its second segment with a small dense tuft of hairs far down on the sides of the anterior margin, in some specimens a few hairs seen over a much larger portion of this segment, the third segment a little shorter than the second. The male black, except for the legs and antennae, the latter 14- jointed and dark brownish red, with the third joint curved and incised, and yellowish brown. Galls occur as swellings of the main stalks of a variety of Lactuca that was found in an old and dry field. The type locality of this species is probably Waterbury. Also Stonington, 14 April 1906 (B. H. W.), New Haven, 24 January, 1911 (A. B. C, B. H. W.). Ceroptres Hartig. C. petiolicola (Osten Sacken). Amblynotusf petiolicola Osten Sacken. A. ensiger Walsh? Length 2 mm. ; mostly black ; head and thorax somewhat shin- ing, smooth, 'slightly pubescent, the latter hardly punctate, scutel 376 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. rugose; a slight carina between the antennae, mandibles brown, palpi yellow, antennae 12- or 13-jointed, mostly yellow, but with their bases blackish, four or five joints of the flagel nearest its base elongated; legs infuscated, except at the joints, tarsi pale, their tips black ; wings hyaline, radial area closed, second trans- verse vein oblique and arcuated, areolet corresponding in posi- tion to the middle of the radial area ; abdomen dark brown, shin- ing, its petiole short, second segment pubescent at base, third segment more than twice as long as the second segment. Bred from the gall of Andricus petiolicola Bassett. In addi- tion to the above description it may be added that the male has the middle and hind femora and the corresponding tibiae dusky, and a black line on the upper side of the fore femora ; the female has apparently 13-jointed antennae and infuscated femora. C. pisum Osten Sacken. Oak Pea Gall. Length about 3.5 mm. (female) ; head black, pubescent, man- dibles and the mouth brownish red, face aciculate, with an oblong swelling under the antennae, vertex microscopically punctate, antennae 13-jointed, brownish yellow, almost filiform, nearly as long as the body, with the fourth joint slightly longer than the third, the following joints subequal except the last one which is twice the length of the joint next preceding, the apical joint sometimes divided into two parts by a distinct suture ; thorax con- colorous with the head, densely pubescent, but very delicately rugose, its parapsidal grooves distinct, the two very indistinct impressed lines between the parapsidal grooves extending some distance from the pronotum backward, scutel with a rough irregular sculpture, pleurae with a polished space ; legs yellow, except the extreme bases of the coxae, especially of the hind ones, which are black, and the tip of the tarsi, which is infuscated; wing veins pale yellow, posterior portion of the areolet somewhat indistinct ; abdomen dark brown or black, paler brown along its interior edge, its second joint divided into two unequal parts by a very distinct suture, the anterior part above a little less than half the length of the second, at the base of this second segment the abdomen distinctly downy, ventral valve pale brown, sheaths of the ovipositor not at all projecting above the dorsal line. Bred from Cynips pisum Fitch. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 377 C. ficus Fitch. Cynips quercus-Hcus Fitch. Synophrus lecviventris Walsh. Length 2.5 mm. ; mostly black, but with the lower half of its head, its antennae and legs, pale dull yellow, its hind femora dusky, and its abdomen reddish brown beneath ; antennae in the female 13-jointed, in the male 15-jointed. Bred from galls surrounding the twigs of white oak. These galls occur in dense clusters and are packed together so closely as to be faceted where they adjoin each other; furthermore, the individual galls are hollow, bladder-like, and of the pale, dull yellow color of a faded oak leaf. Waterbury. C. tuber (Fitch). Cynips tuber Fitch. C. quercus-arbos Fitch. Length 2 mm. ; mostly black, but with antennae, mouth and legs, dull, pale yellow, hind femora and the antennae towards the tips dusky; male antennae 14- or 15-jointed, female antennae 12-jointed. The male with 14-jointed antennae and the female with 12-jointed antennae as described by Fitch are questioned by Bassett as to their belonging to this genus. Synergus Hartig. S. campanula Osten Sacken. Length 2-2.5 mm- (female) ; head black, except the face which is brownish below the antennae and brownish yellow above the mouth, the brownish or yellowish coloring sometimes extend- ing along the eyes to a point above the insertion of the antennae ; vertex black, smooth and shining; antennae brownish yellow, a little shorter than the body, 14-jointed, the fourth joint a little shorter than the third, the following joints subequal in length except the fourteenth or apical joint which is about one and a half times as long as the joint next preceding ; thorax black and but little shining, with dense, delicate, transverse rugae evenly spread over its upper surface, which in addition has a fine scat- tered pubescence, its parapsidal grooves not very deep, but dis- tinct, a vestige of an intermediate furrow visible toward the scutel, two minute parallel glabrous lines running a short distance from the middle of the pronotum backwards ; scutel gibbose, densely rugose, its basal f oveae rather small ; pleurae with a smooth black polished space, the lower part of which is finely aciculate ; 378 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. scapulae yellow; legs brownish yellow; tips of the tarsi brown; wing veins pale, areolet almost obsolete, the prolongation of the second transverse vein only being distinct; first segment of the abdomen longitudinally striate, the second segment concealing all of the following, the tip of the sheath of the ovipositor sometimes, although not always, protruding behind the hind edge of the second segment; the abdomen polished and black, sometimes brownish along the hind edge. S. dimorphus Osten Sacken. Female: length 3-3.3 mm.; head black, except the face, which is brownish red mixed with black below the antennae ; man- dibles, except their tips, which are black, and more or less space near their bases on the cheeks, yellowish ; the brownish coloring of the face extending along the eyes above the insertion of the antennas as a narrow stripe; vertex black, rather shining, with sparse, umbilicate punctures; antennae brownish yellow, 13- jointed, about three-fourths as long as the body, the fourth joint' a little longer than half the third, the fourth, fifth and sixth joints nearly equal in length, the succeeding joints somewhat shorter, except the last joint, which is about equal to the two next preced- ing combined ; thorax black, moderately shining, with transverse rugosities ; pubescence short and very sparse, parapsidal grooves distinct, punctate at the bottom, scutel coarsely sculptured, its basal foveas indistinct, the smooth space of the pleuras almost entirely aciculate, scapulas brownish yellow ; legs brownish yellow, hind tibiae and a part of the first joint of the hind tarsi infuscated, tips of all the tarsi brownish ; veins of the wings brownish ; first segment of the abdomen longitudinally striate, the second seg- ment concealing all of the following; ventral valve ending in a short pubescent point and usually projecting beyond the edge of the second segment ; abdomen polished and black, its ventral valve yellowish brown. Male: length 2.5 mm.; antennas 15-jointed, the third joint excised below, fourth joint half as long as the third ; head yellow, except a black spot on the vertex, which in- cludes the ocelli ; a part of the pronotum and of the pleuras also yellow, the yellow seemingly variable in extent in different indi- viduals ; abdomen truncate at the tip, bell-shaped when seen from the side ; the sculpture of the head and thorax and the coloring of the legs the same as in the female. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 379 S. laeviventris (Osten Sacken). Synophrus? l&viventris Osten Sacken. Female : length approximately 2 mm. ; head reddish brown ; vertex darker; antennae brownish yellow, second joint not much shorter than the fourth, the third about one-third longer than the fourth, the fourth, fifth and sixth joints about equal in length, the fourteenth or apical joint somewhat less than one and one- half the length of the preceding; thorax black, shining and finely rugose, punctate and pubescent ; scutel gibbose, with a slight, sharp, recurved, elevated margin ; thorax and scutel may be brownish or reddish brown; parapsidal grooves distinct their whole length ; f ovese at base of scutel distinct ; pleurae black or brownish, polished under the wing, scratched below, punctate anteriorly ; legs brownish yellow, except extreme tips of tarsi, which are more or less brownish ; the hind tibiae and tarsi may be somewhat infuscated ; wings hyaline, veins pale, areolet almost wanting, with only the second transverse vein or its outer portion at all distinct ; abdomen with its first dorsal segment striate, its second dorsal segment covering all of the following segments and chestnut-brown or black, ovipositor sometimes exserted. S. oneratus (Harris). Cynips oneratus Harris. Length 3-3.5 mm. ; color variable, middle of the thorax and of the head with a black stripe of greater or less extent, though in some specimens there is no black at all on the head, and the stripe on the thorax may be obsolete ; third and fourth joints of the antennae nearly equal in length and much longer than broad, fourth joint a little shorter than the third, the following joints subequal, except the thirteenth joint, which is about twice as long as wide, and the fourteenth or apical joint, which is about one and one-half times the length of the preceding. S. lignicola Osten Sacken. 5". rhoditiformis Walsh. In this species the pronotum has a brown or black spot in the middle, which is more or less extended, being sometimes confined to a narrow brown line in front of the angle formed by the mesonotum anteriorly, and sometimes extended into a large black spot which crosses in some individuals to its fellow ; the sternum is black, and the middle coxae not inserted on yellow sockets ; the ventral valve is not always of a highly polished black, but sometimes pale. 380 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Bred from Quercus tinctoria and Q. palustris. It is thought probable that the individuals are separable into two races respec- tively referable to the trees upon which they make their galls. S. mendax Walsh. Sculpture of the mesonotum rough, consisting apparently of transverse projecting ridges, with intervening smooth and moder- ately shining spaces, the polished spot on the pleurae almost smooth; ventral valve with a distinct projecting point beyond its tip. Bred from the gall of Andricus podagra:. S. lana Fitch. Oak Wool Gall-fly. Female : length 2 mm. ; mostly black, with a white or straw- colored head ; antennae and legs concolorous with the head ; abdo- men shining smoky yellow, and with a black or blackish cloud occupying the back and sides; antennae 15-jointed. The gall is a round mass of a woolly nature, of the size of a hazelnut or a walnut, and of a white or buff color, and grows upon one of the principal veins on the under side of white oak leaves. " Specimens of this gall in the Station collection were taken in the state, but are without exact records." Philonix Fitch. A eras pis. P. gillettei Bassett. Female : length 3 mm. or a trifle longer ; head and thorax, including their appendages, except the wings, mostly reddish brown; antennae 14-jointed, the second joint three-fourths the length of the first, the third one and one-half the length of the first and second combined, the fourth equal to the first and second together,, and half as long as the third, the sixth to thirteenth equal, the fourteenth pointed and only half as long as the preced- ing joint; vertex of the head hairy, though sometimes bare; mesonotum either with or without hairs above, pronotum obscure and with dense fine white hairs, the anterior border of the meso- notum apparently depressed, parapsidal grooves present but in- distinct, median lines absent, scutel small, hairy, its hairs longer than those on the mesonotum, foveae wanting; legs dusky and more decidedly reddish brown than the other parts of the body ; abdomen shining black, the second segment with fine microscopic NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 381 hairs on its sides anteriorly, the segments distinct and gradually- shorter beyond the second anal segment, with a tuft of long hairs ; wings rudimentary and not much more than I mm. long. The galls of this species are about 7 mm. in diameter, orbicu- lar, and slightly uneven or pimply, each pimple crested with a tuft of hair-like filaments, pale ash-gray in color but brown or black when weathered ; the larval cell is central and is kept in place by a spongy mass that is loosely fibrous on the inner surface of the gall ; the cell itself is oval and measures nearly 4 by 4.5 mm. ; the shell is very thin and hard ; the galls are found as a rule upon the leaves of the white oak {Quercus alba), on the tops of tall old trees. They are said to be rarely abundant but to occur occasionally in great numbers on an isolated tree or in a small grove of oaks. This species may be confused with P. niger Gillette, from which it may, however, be determined by comparison with the above description. °P. fulvicollis Fitch. Length : 3 to 4 mm. ; mostly black, with the thorax tawny yellow, spotted anteriorly with black, the scutel brighter yellow, and the legs dusky or blackish, with the knees and hips of a paler dull yellowish color ; antennae practically entirely black. This species appears on the first snows that fall in the latter part of November and the beginning of December. °P. nigricollis Fitch. Length 3 mm. ; mostly black, with the basal third of the an- tennae and the legs obscure brownish yellow, scutel dull yellow, the inner sides of the femora slightly dusky. °P. (Zopheroteras) vaccinii Ashmead. Length 2 mm. (female); head and thorax dull brown; abdomen black, shining, or mostly black and distinctly brownish at base; antennae 14-jointed, beyond the eighth joint infuscated ; parapsidal grooves very indistinct, scutel terminating above in an elevated horn-like process ; all tibiae dark brown along the outer edges ; wings entirely wanting, not even wing scales being present. Bred from clusters of small, somewhat bell-shaped, petiolate, greenish galls on the under sides of leaves, along the midrib. The shape of these galls is suggestive of the flowers of Vaccinium, 382 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. and they are attenuated at the base into a short petiole which is fastened to the midrib of the leaf; the opposite end is an excav- ated truncature; the length of the galls from the end of the petiole to the opposite end is 3-4 mm. They grow in num- bers, so that at times there are ten or more together, with six, for instance, forming a row on one side of the midrib, and four or five on the opposite side. °P. macrocarpae Bassett. Length 3 mm.; head black, antennae black, 14- jointed, nearly as long as the body, the first joint ovate, the second oval, the third twice as long as the two preceding taken together, the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh subequal, as are the remaining ones; face and cheeks hairy ; thorax appearing grayish owing to its being covered with short appressed hairs, parapsidal grooves present but obscured by these hairs; scutel comparatively large and elevated posteri- orly, nearly as long as the mesonotum ; wings veinless, the narrow scales as long as the entire thorax ; legs dark brown, claws with two teeth ; abdomen black, compressed from side to side, sides of the second, third, fourth and fifth segments covered with short appressed hairs, dorsal and ventral parts and the segments of the apical portion of the abdomen smooth and shining. The galls of this species are oval in form and nearly 4 mm. long by 3 mm. thick. They are generally found on the lateral veins on the under side of leaves of Quercus macrocarpa, but occasionally they are found on the upper side. They are attached lengthwise to the vein and the point of attachment is about 2.5 mm. long. The opening made by the gall-fly when it emerges is invariably on the end towards the base of a vein. The same is often true concerning parasites of this species. °P. prinoides (Beutenmuller). Cynips ? prinoides Beuten- muller. Spiny Oak Gall. Length 3.5 mm. ; head pitchy black, opaque, rugosely punc- tate ; eyes surrounded with a rather broad reddish brown ring, antennae black, 13-jointed, with the first, second, third and fourth joints elongate and about equal in length, the remaining joints subequal in size ; thorax dull reddish brown, darker in color at the sides and deeply but finely punctate ; legs shining, reddish brown and with a few short yellowish hairs which are also present on the head and thorax; abdomen jet black and polished; No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 383 ovipositor with a few light colored hairs; on the under side of the abdomen, a little beyond the middle and near to each other, are two bunches of rather long yellowish hairs, and a few very short hairs of the same color are also present on the under side of the abdomen at its base. The gall of this species is globular and about 12 mm. in diam- eter; it is covered with numerous conical projections. When fresh it is light green tinged with red. The single cell is in its interior. These galls have been found on the upper side of the leaves of the dwarf chestnut oak (Quercus prinoides) in the latter part of August and early in September. Biorhiza Westwood. °B. (Xystoteras) nigra Fitch. Length 2 mm. ; black throughout, including legs and antennae ; entirely wingless. *B. hirta Bassett. Length 3.5 mm. ; head black, vertex slightly rugose, densely hairy, the same as the entire dorsal surface of the thorax; face pubescent, with its hairs converging toward the mouth ; palpi shining brown, their tips black; antennae black, 14-jointed ; thorax black, mesothorax not visibly striate, owing to the presence of the pubescence ; legs dull brownish black or very dark reddish brown, posterior pair lightest and all somewhat paler at the articulations than elsewhere; wings represented by mere yellowish white scales; abdomen black and shining, with a short, closely bunched pubescence on each side of the second segment, the second seg- ment as well as the remaining segments, except the first, bounded across the back and sides along the posterior edge by a belt of long silvery white hairs. These belts are divided on the dorsal ridge by a shining glabrous line like the anterior portion of the segment ; furthermore, they are visible to the naked eye. The galls of this species are hard and round and approxi- mately 6 mm. in diameter, their surface is finely papillose, and their substance has a solid radiated cellular structure; they are to be found growing sometimes on the upper but as often on the under side of the leaves of Quercus ilicifolia, and are attached to the larger veins by a very short pedicel. 384 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. B. (Xanthoteras) forticornis Walsh. Oak Fig Gall. Female: length 2-2.5 mm.; mostly rufo-sanguineous ; head nearly twice as wide as long and twice as wide as the thorax, scarcely polished but glabrous ; antennae brownish black, opaque, nearly as long as the body, with all the joints except the first, third, fourth and fourteenth as broad as long; 14-jointed, the apical joint half as long again as the penultimate, and the first and third tapering to a mere film at the base ; thorax narrow, glabrous, a little polished, with only two rather coarse mesonotal striae converging but slightly at the scutel, which latter is opaque, longi- tudinally semioval, and has a suture before it which is deeply impressed, but without any foveae ; legs dull rufous or reddish brown, the hind femora and tibiae and the tips of all the tarsi generally brownish ; wings reduced to an elongate triangular gray scale and extending only one-third of the way along the second abdominal segment; abdomen black, highly pplished, the second segment occupying about one-half of its dorsal or one-third of its lateral length, the first joint very small, viewed laterally appar- ently a little longer than wide, the dorsal edge of the second joint describing a circular arc of about 25 ° ; the ventral valve very hairy, yellowish subhyaline, its tip at an angle of about 8o°, the dorsal valve large and hairy ; sheaths of the ovipositor generally exserted and directed upwards and backwards, tip of the oviposi- tor exserted. Manchester, 24 September, 1906, New Haven, 26 January, 191 1 (B. H. W.) ; Mystic, 3 March, 1915 (I. W. Davis). Neuroterus Hartig. *N. batatus Bassett. Oak Potato Gall. Female : length 2 mm. ; mostly black and shining ; vertex smooth ; face covered with a fine thin pubescence ; palpi clear and brown; antennae 13-jointed, first, second and third joints pale yellow, the following joints pale, semitranslucent brown ; thorax black and shining but under a strong magnification showing a net- work of fine lines ; parapsidal grooves and striae obsolete ; scutel smooth and polished, a few scattered hairs on its posterior por- tion, basal pits wanting ; scutel separated from the mesothorax by a deep shining groove ; legs with their coxae clear yellowish brown, their femora in the middle dark brown or black, as are also the tibiae of the posterior pair, remaining portions except the No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 385 tips of the tarsi, which are black, of the same color as the coxae ; wings hyaline, all the veins dark brown and of nearly equal size, the cubitus distinct throughout, radial area open ; abdomen polished. Male : a little shorter than the female, with 4-jointed antenna; ; its legs dull pale yellow ; abdomen petiolate, owing to the elongation of the first segment. Found on twigs of Quercus alba. New Haven, 24 January, 1911 (A. B. C, B. H. W.). *N. majalis Bassett. Female : length 2 mm. ; head black, very finely reticulated ; face smooth and with sparse white hairs ; mouth brown, tips of the mandibles black; antennas 13-jointed, first and second joints short, third joint very long and enlarged at the upper end, these joints, except the slightly enlarged portions of the third, pale yellowish white, the remaining joints of a light opaque brown ; thorax black, smooth and shining, without any grooves or striae whatsoever on the mesonotum ; scutel smooth, and separated from mesonotum by a broad shallow groove, fovae wanting, marked posteriorly by two deep transverse grooves, causing three transverse ridges above the insertion of the abdominal petiole; legs white, with a tinge of yellow like the basal joints of the antennae; wings large, with a faint duskiness and a dusky cloud on the first transverse vein, veins dull brown, areolet present, radial area open, long and very narrow ; abdomen smooth and black. Male : 2.5 mm. long ; head blaek ; antennae 15- jointed, first, second and third joints paler than the corresponding ones in the female, the remaining joints of a semitranslucent brown color, the third joint very long, the succeeding ones short and of equal length, the third joint curved rather than incised ; thorax with the hgs very light yellowish brown, the central part of the mesonotum dark brown ; abdomen with its terminal segments dark brown or nearly black, the first and part of the second segments very light yellowish brown. The gall of this species occurs on Quercus alba. Type locality: Waterbury. °N. verrucarum Osten Sacken. Length a little more than 1 mm. ; mostly black and shining ; mouth reddish; antennae 13-jointed, somewhat thickened toward the tip, brownish or brownish black, pale toward the base, espe- 25 386 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. cially at the tip of the first, second and third joints ; thorax smooth and shining, impunctate, without the usual grooves ; legs yellow ; bases of coxae, middle of femora and tibiae brown ; wings hyaline, with the thick veins brown, second transverse vein slender, almost obsolete at the base. On leaves of Quercus macrocarpa. *N. pallidus Bassett. Female: length 1.5 mm.; head, except the dark eyes, almost colorless, or at most of a yellowish brown or dark brown to a shining black on the vertex; antennae 13-jointed, the first, second and third joints semitransparent, the first and second not differ- ing much in form and size ; joints beyond the third changing gradually to a dusky brown ; mesothorax smooth and shining throughout ; scutel also smooth and shining, foveas wanting ; legs almost colorless, except a slight brownish tinge on the femora; claws black and simple ; wings hairy, veins dark and distinct, areolet of medium size, cubitus reaching quite to the first trans- verse vein, radial area long, narrow and open ; abdomen black, the diameter of the same from the dorsal to the ventral side con- siderably greater than the length. Male : mostly of the same pallid hue seen in the antennae and legs of the female; antennae 15- jointed, otherwise as in the female; abdomen with a petiole and with the posterior dorsal portion darker than any other part of the body. The galls of this species occur near the end of the ainents of Quercus bicolor. Type locality : Waterbury. °N. favosus Bassett. Female : length 2 mm. ; head pale brown, shading to black on the posterior margin of the vertex ; antennae pale yellowish brown, but dusky toward the tip, first and second joints globose, the third very slender, the rest subequal and gradually thicker to the last ; thorax black, less shining and more coarsely sculptured than in the male, the parapsidal grooves less distinct and the scutel less smooth than in the male ; legs dark brown, with paler joints ; wings hyaline with a steel reflection, veins more distinct, areolet generally present ; abdomen shining black, its second segment longer than the remaining ones but not concealing them ; the ovi- positor often exserted to such an extent as to be from four to No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 387 five times the length of the body. Male: length 1.25 mm.; head broader than the thorax, black and shining ; cheeks with indistinct furrows, antennae 15-jointed, the first joint dark brown, the second lighter, and the remaining ones light yellowish brown, the first and second oblong oval and nearly equal in length, the third slightly longer than both the preceding, club-shaped and curved, but only slightly incised, the remaining joints of uniform length and only a little shorter than the third ; thorax black and shining, finely and evenly sculptured, parapsidal grooves distinct posteri- orly, scutel with a furrow of moderate depth and subobsolete foveae, its surface the same as the mesonotum ; legs light brown, somewhat darker in the middle of the femora and tibiae, claws simple ; wings of moderate size, hyaline, but with a steel-blue cast when seen in certain lights, veins brown fading to colorless lines, areolet wanting ; abdomen black and shining, the second segment almost concealing the remaining ones in the dead speci- mens that have become dry, but in the living insect the terminal ones visible and forming a cone-like termination to the abdomen. The galls of this species occur on the under sides of the leaves of Quercus bicolor and Q. tinctoria. *N. consimilis Bassett. Female: length 2 mm.; body mostly black; basal joints of antennae darker than those of the male ; parapsidal grooves want- inng, foveae of the scutel absent but the transverse grooves rather broad and smooth ; posterior legs darker than those of the male ; wings as in the male ; abdomen black, the terminal segments retracted within the first, which is vertically very deep. Male: length 1.5 mm.; head shining black, broader than the thorax, antennae 15-jointed, longer than the body, with the first and second joints short, the second globose, the following ones nearly equal in length, dull dusky brown ; thorax mostly dull black, microscopically punctate; parapsidal grooves reduced to two brief diverging lines, beginning on the scutel ; grooves separ- ating the mesonotum from the scutel broad and shining in the middle ; no distinct foveae present ; posterior legs dark and nearly black except at the joints, middle and anterior legs of a uniform dull yellowish brown; wings hyaline, veins very dark and well defined, radial area open; abdomen black. 388 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Occurs at Waterbury, in midsummer. This locality is the type locality of the species. N. distortus Bassett. Female: length 1.5 mm.; mostly black; antennae 13-jointed and similar to those in the male except the third joint, which is shorter, and the color as a whole, which is of a darker shade ; abdomen not petiolate. Male : as long as the female ; mostly shining black and smooth ; antennae 14-jointed, first and second joints combined as long as the third, fourth two-thirds as long as the third, fifth to the twelfth equal in length, all of the joints dusky brown ; thorax rounded, scutel rounded and separated from the mesonotum by a shining groove ; legs clear pale brown, middle of the femora darker but almost transparent and paler at the joints ; wings subhyaline, veins pale clear brown, all distinct and complete and equally developed ; abdomen with a slender petiole, the following segments, seen from the side, forming a rounded disk, the length and breadth of which are about equal. The type locality of this species is probably in Connecticut. The galls are to be found on the branches of Quercus bicolor, where the original ones were found 25 May, 1893. N. dubius Bassett. Female: length 1.5 mm.; mostly black; head with its vertex microscopically sculptured, antennae 14-jointed, first and second joints equal in size, rather large, the third joint one and one- fourth times as long as the first two combined, the fourth about two-thirds as long as the third, the fourteenth with an indistinct suture, the first, second, third and fourth joints pale yellowish red, the rest dusky reddish brown ; thorax rounded, hardly smooth but still shining, with two diverging grooves above extending from the scutel to the bases of the wings, scutel finely and evenly rugose, without foveae, but with a broad groove separating it from the rest of the thorax, the broadest portion of which is in the centre : legs pale yellowish ; wings subfuscous, the veins distinct, radial area open ; abdomen smooth and shining and vertically deeper than long. Male: as long as the female; antennae 15- jointed, the first and second joints rather shorter than in the female, the first dark and shining at its base, the third pale yel- lowish brown and semitranslucent, the remaining joints very No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 389 dark opaque brown ; head dull shining black ; thorax also dull shining black ; legs pale but less so than in the female and inclin- ing to yellow ; wings as in the female ; abdomen pedicelled, con- colorous with the thorax and dull and shining. The type locality of this species is probably Connecticut. It was found among the galls of Andricus prionosus. *N. exiguissimus Bassett. Length 1.25 mm.; head black, antennae 13-jointed, first and second joints black, the third to the thirteenth dusky brown, and of equal length, the second joint larger than the first and ovoid ; thorax smooth, scutel shining, with a curved groove, but without foveae at its base, smoother and more polished than the meso- notum ; legs dark brown with pale joints, tarsi dusky, elaws black ; wings hyaline, veins pale, cubitus inconspicuous, the veins bounding the areolet laterally hardly perceptible, radial area open ; abdomen compressed, smooth and black. Type locality : Waterbury, on Quercus alba. *N. exiguus Bassett. Female: length 1.5 mm.; antennas 13-jointed, first joint ovate, second much smaller than the first, third equal to the first two combined, which are of uniform length, color clear semitrans- parent brown ; thorax polished, very black, its surface wrinkled, scutel rounded, shining black, as is also the transverse groove at its base, this groove large and incurved ; legs dark clear brown but paler at the joints ; wings smoky and pubescent, veins dis- tinct, cubitus reaching quite to the first transverse vein, radial area open by virtue of a curvature in the second transverse vein at the base of the areolet, the outer angle acute and the inner a right angle ; abdomen black but less brilliant than the thorax, and triangular owing to the retraction of all segments within the first. Male : as long as the female ; mostly black ; antennae clear brown, 15-jointed; legs concolorous with the antennae though a little paler at the joints ; abdomen petiolate, shining brown. Type locality : West Rock, New Haven. Found among galls of Andricus exiguus. *N. tectus Bassett. Female: length 1.25 mm.; head black; antennae 13-jointed, third joint equal to the first and. second combined, fourth two- 390 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. thirds as long as the third, the following joints except the thir- teenth subequal in length ; thorax black and smooth, parapsidal grooves wanting, scutel rounded, polished, and separated from the mesothorax by a broad arcuate groove ; legs pale translucent brown at the joints, changing to an almost polished black in the middle of the femora and tibiae ; wings hyaline, veins dark and distinct, radial area open ; abdomen black and forming in outline an equi- lateral triangle. Male: head shining black; antennae 14-jointed, the third joint one-third longer than the first and second com- bined, the fourth equal to the first and second together, fifth to thirteenth joints equal in length, the antennae as a whole of a clearer, more shining brown than in the female ; thorax and abdo- men concolorous with the head. Type locality : Waterbury, 29 April, 1874. Found ovipositing in the buds of a low spreading bush of Quercus prinoides. N. umbilicatus Bassett. Oak Button Gall. Length 1.5 mm. ; antennae with the second joint as thick as the first but a little shorter and less tapering toward the base, the third as long as the first and second combined, the fourth to thirteenth subequal, the last three forming a thickened club with obscure articulations ; thorax polished, hairless or seemingly so, and with- out grooves, scutellar f oveae wanting ; legs rather translucent dark and shining brown, in some individuals nearly black, always lighter at the joints; wings hairy, veins pale, areolet distinct, radial area open, cubitus equal throughout and reaching to the first transverse vein, the first transverse vein dark brown, the other veins pale or colorless ; abdomen as long as high and sub- triangular in outline. The type locality of this species is probably Connecticut. The galls from which it was reared are flattened circular, and were found on the under surface of the leaves of Quercus bicolor. New Haven, 30 September, 1896 (W. E. B.). °N. floccosus Bassett. Oak Flake Gall. Length 1 mm. or a little longer; mostly shining black and smooth; antennae 13-jointed, the third joint a little longer than the first and second combined, the succeeding ones slightly increasing in thickness toward the last, antennae as a whole of a pale dusky yellowish brown ; thorax without grooves, scutellar f oveae want- ing; legs dark brown, except the joints and the tarsi, which are No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 39I • almost colorless ; radial area open, the vein bounding the areolet on the posterior side exceedingly faint ; abdomen smooth and shining, subpetiolate, the terminal segments in museum specimens almost entirely concealed under the second segment. The galls of this species occur on the under sides of the leaves of Quercus bicolor, especially the late terminal leaves of the hardy shoots of young oaks of this species. They are often very numerous, as is shown by the fact that as many as two hundred have been counted on a single leaf. When as numerous as this, or nearly so, the galls are apt to be confluent. Usually they are separate, about 4 mm. in diameter, including the woolly covering, without which latter they are only 1-1.5 mm- across. Each gall contains a single larva which is free and not enclosed in a cell. In addition to the above description it may be said that the galls are hemispherical and attached with the flat side to the leaf, showing on the upper surface only as smooth, flat, shining blisters. *N. noxiosus Bassett. Noxious Oak Gall. Summer female* : length 2 mm. ; head black, finely and uni- formly punctate; antennae 13- jointed, the first joint nearly black, the second and third joints brownish yellow, the succeeding joints merging gradually into dark dusky brown ; thorax microscopically sculptured, without parapsidal grooves, scutel sculptured like the mesonotum though somewhat coarser and without foveae ; legs dark shining brown, with yellowish brown joints, tarsi dark yellowish brown ; wings hyaline, veins distinct and nearly all black, areolet sharply defined, radial area open ; abdomen smooth shining black, the ovipositor distinctly exserted. Male : differing from the vernal femalef as follows: body longer than 1.75 mm.; antennae 14- jointed, the third joint curved but not incised ; legs clear yellow- ish brown ; abdomen small, and with a slender petiole. The summer galls of this species are large, woody, polythala- mous, terminal or subterminal swellings on the twigs of Quercus bicolor, varying greatly in size and form, but usually tuber-like and three or four times as long as thick, the larger specimens being nearly 1 inch in diameter and 4 inches long and containing a large number of specimens of the insect. The smallest are almost * Female from summer galls. + Female from vernal galls. 392 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. imperceptible swellings and have often but a single gall-fly in them; these galls give rise to the females which live in the galls over winter and come out before the leaves appear in the spring. The galls just described are usually preceded in the spring by a crop which affects the leaves only, and causes an enormous de- velopment of the midvein, often to the extent of an inch in diam- eter and an inch and a half in length. These latter galls are smooth and green but irregular in shape, succulent and a little harder than an unripe grape. The blade of the the leaf becomes dwarfed and curled, and then after the galls mature it becomes dry. In some seasons these galls are so abundant on certain trees as to affect nearly all of the early leaves. The galls are filled with larval cells from which are produced great numbers of both sexes of the gall-fly about the 20th of June. Thus these latter galls may be looked upon as the progenitors of the bisexual generation of this species. New Haven, 24 January, 191 1 (A. B. G, B. H. W.). °N. (Dolichostrophus) irregularis Osten Sacken. Length 2 mm. ; head brown, mouth yellowish, antennae pale yellow, third joint twice as long as the fourth, somewhat curved, attenuated toward the base but stouter toward the tip, the fifth, sixth and seventh joints almost equal in length ; thorax brownish above, pale beneath, smooth and shining; legs pale, except the tips of the tarsi, which are infuscated ; wings somewhat grayish, radial vein almost parallel with the anterior margin, areolet dis tinct, as are the cubital vein and the first transverse vein or basal vein, the latter dark brown with a brownish cloud, the other thick veins of a paler brown. The galls of this species were found on the leaves of the white oak. N. perminimus Bassett. Female: length scarcely 1 mm.; head black, antennae 13- jointed, mostly dusky brown ; thorax almost black, without parap- sidal grooves, scutel somewhat roughened and without foveae ; legs translucent brown but paler at the joints ; wings hyaline, veins distinct, radial area open ; abdomen black. Male : head dark, but not quite as black as in the other sex ; antennae 14- jointed ; thorax highly polished and dark brown ; legs pale and No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 393 almost glassy in appearance; abdomen petiolate, triangular in outline, and of a reddish brown. The galls of this species are scarcely I mm. long and i mm. wide and I mm. deep. They lie embedded in the lamina of white oak leaves, are pustule-like in form, and oval and apparent on both sides of the leaf, though more distinctly on the upper than on the under side. As many as two hundred of them may be found on a single leaf of ordinary size. Since many of the indi- viduals become infested with parasites, very few of the hosts ever reach maturity. The galls mature about the 25th of June and the imagos hatch out before July 10th in Ohio. N. affinis Bassett. Female : length 2 mm. ; mostly black ; head finely rugose, an- tennae 14-jointed and inserted upon a protuberant base, the first joint truncated, the second ovoid, the third one-fourth longer than the first and second combined, the fourth equal to the first two, the fifth to tenth gradually shorter, the remaining four sub- equal, the apical joint pointed ; antennae as a whole yellowish brown, especially toward the base, and dusky brown toward the tip ; mesothorax very finely and evenly punctate, parapsidal grooves wanting, scutel punctate and separated from the meso- thorax by a rather broader shining groove; legs shining, almost translucent brown, with a darker shade on the trochanter and on the upper half of the femur; wings smoky, veins smoky brown, areolet an isosceles triangle with the narrow base on the second transverse vein, cubitus reaching to the first transverse vein, radial area open, but the subcostal vein extending above the base for a short distance, and the anterior border of the wing some- what thickened, which in certain lights causes the radial area to appear closed; abdomen petiolate, black and shining. Male: a little longer than the female; antennae 15- jointed, third joint deeply incised, antennae colored as in the female; legs paler, the femora not at all brown ; abdomen black and shining throughout and with a slender petiole. The galls of this species are monothalamous, round, and thin- walled, and occur in the buds of Quercus prinoides, usually partly hidden in the scales of the bud, but in some instances standing DUt free like a little blister on the twig. They are only large enough to hold the larvae within them, and are dark brown in 394 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. color, with raised spots, or else entirely brown. These gall:- are half grown in the autumn and develop so rapidly in the spring that the inmates come out just as the leaves begin to expand. N. vesicula Bassett. Female : length a little more than 3 mm. ; antennae pale brown at the base changing to dusky brown above, some shades darker throughout than the male antennae, 14-jointed ; thorax as in the male, except that there are two parapsidal depressions, which are hardly to be called grooves ; color of wings and venation the same as in the male, legs paler than in the male ; abdomen shin- ing black and not distinctly petiolate. Male : length 3 mm. ; head black, the ocelli equidistant, breadth of face considerably less than half the width of one eye as seen from the front ; an- tennae 15-jointed, first and second joints globular, third deeply incised, the remaining ones nearly equal in length, except the very short terminal joint, first joint nearly black at the base, the others yellowish brown but darker toward the tips of antennae ; thorax shining black, with microscopic reticulations, but without grooves or lines, surface of the scutel as on the mesothorax, its foveae shallow and indistinct ; wings clear smoky brown, veins dark and heavy, the second transverse vein, when the wings are closed, on a line with the extremity of the abdomen, cubitus reaching to the first transverse vein, areolet present, the radial area appar- ently closed by the somewhat thickened border of the wing ; legs with the coxae and trochanters shining black, changing below to yellowish brown, which is the color of the remaining parts, except the posterior pair which are a little darker than the others espe- cially near the body ; abdomen shining black, the first segment forming a petiole, which is enlarged in the middle. The gall of this species is a smooth reddish brown vesicle that grows out from the centre of the buds of the white oak and is surrounded at the base by the bud scales. It is sometimes of a pale greenish brown color, its walls are thin, and the larvae contained therein are free, that is, they are not enveloped by larval cells. These galls are partially developed in the autumn and in the following spring they mature so rapidly as to make it possible for the insects to emerge about the time the leaves of the oak begin to expand. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 395 N. minutus Bassett. Female : length 2 mm. ; body, except the antennae and legs, of a very dark brown; antennae 13- jointed as in the male, except that the joints are shorter and the third joint is straight; the first abdominal segment short, the remaining ones combined not longer than deep. Male : a little longer than the female, with the entire body of a semi-transparent amber color, with a shade of brown on the thorax and on the back of the abdomen ; antennae 14- jointed, the first three points pale amber, the succeeding joints dusky brown, the first joint club-shaped, the second oval, the third curved, but only slightly incised, the remaining joints of nearly equal length ; thorax smooth and shining, with bands of dark brown, where the parapsidal grooves would normally be, show- ing in certain lights in the living specimens, scutel small, smooth and shining, its foveas wanting, but the furrow separating the mesothorax and scutel broad and deep ; wings with a slightly smoky tint, the cubitus reaching quite to the first transverse vein, areolet present, radial area partly closed by the thickened border of the wing; legs of a uniform pale amber color, claws dusky brown ; abdomen smooth, shining and petiolate and tapering to a cone-like point at each extremity. The galls are pubescent, usually of a pinkish color and found on the white oak (Quercus alba). x Loxaulus Mayr. L. mammula Bassett. Female : length 2 mm. ; head yellowish brown, the vertex finely sculptured, face rounded, with a few scattered hairs, and a brush of long bristly hairs on the mentum, tips of the mandibles faintly dusky ; antennae 13-jointed, first joint club-shaped, abruptly truncate, the second regularly ovate, the third and fourth slender, the third a trifle shorter than the two preceding combined, the fourth as long as the first, the first four joints of a uniform clear yellowish brown, while the remaining ones are of a dull dusky brown; thorax dark brown, semitranslucent, the scutel and post- scutel almost black, mesothorax smooth and shining except when viewed under a high power which reveals fine rugosities, parap- sidal grooves wanting, scutel darker and more strongly rugose than the mesothorax, scutellar foveae wanting; anterior and 396 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. middle legs pale yellowish brown, posterior legs much darker ; wings hyaline, the first and second transverse and the subcostal vein dark smoky brown, the cubitus disappearing about mid- way between the two transverse veins ; abdomen smooth and shining and apparently black, the first segment one-third longer than the next longest, the remaining segments short. Male : body somewhat shorter than that of the female, and a few shades darker; antennae 15-jointed, with the first four joints darker than in the female and the remaining ones a little lighter ; the legs somewhat lighter than in the female ; first segment of the abdomen twice as long as the second in the dry specimens. The galls of this species are hard woody knots at the base of the young shoots on young white oak trees. They grow from both the lateral and terminal branches and are hemispherical in form and of large size compared with the branch, which always grows out of their summits. They are polythalamous and the larval cells are arranged as though the eggs had been deposited around the bud before the leaves appeared. The white thin- walled larval cells are firmly embedded in the woody tissue. The galls formed around the lateral buds are from 12-18 mm. in diameter, those around the cluster of terminal buds are often 25 mm. in diameter. Sometimes several branches are seen growing out of a single gall instead of one. The galls do not seem to affect the growth of the branches the first year but it seems in- evitable that they must injure the branches the following year when the galls decay. Dryophanta Foerster. *D. parvula Bassett. Female : a little more than 1 mm. in length ; mostly black ; head a little broader than the thorax; antennas 13-jointed, the first joint dark, the second globose and as long as the first, the joints beyond the third equal in length, second to eleventh yel- lowish brown, twelfth and thirteenth dark dusky brown ; the median lines which extend two-thirds of the distance from the pronotum to the scutel, the parapsidal grooves and the lines at the base of each wing all smooth and shining; the parapsidal grooves converging closely at the scutel, the latter finely wrinkled or rugose and without foveas ; legs dark, translucent brown ; wings No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 397 hyaline, veins faint, radial area open, areolet wanting; abdomen polished and shining. The type locality of this species is probably Connecticut; the describer of this species observed it ovipositing in the buds of Quercus ilicifolia, 26 May, 1871. *D. corrugis Bassett. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; head black, with very fine reticula- tions; antennae 14-jointed, the first joint club-shaped, the second thicker than the first and almost equal in length, the third almost two- thirds as long as the first two, all the joints to the fourth light yellowish brown, the fifth a yellowish to dark brown at the tip, remaining joints very dark brown, the thirteenth and fourteenth separated by an indistinct suture, the former not so dark brown as the joint preceding it ; thorax not shining, mesonotum mostly finely, evenly, and transversely wrinkled, scutel more finely wrinkled than the mesonotum and without foveae; the legs with the femora and tibiae dark brown except at the joints which with the coxae and tarsi are yellowish brown, claws simple ; wings hyaline, veins pale yellow, almost colorless, areolet wanting and the cubitus so indistinct as to be almost imperceptible even half- way to the first transverse vein, radial area open, the second transverse vein not quite reaching to the anterior edge of the wing and extending posteriorly no further than the point where the areolet would normally be found ; abdomen black, polished, somewhat depressed, with the third segment half as long as the second and the following segments concealed in the dry speci- mens. The type locality is Waterbury. The original specimens were taken in the spring of the year in the act of ovipositing in the buds of Quercus prinoides. *D. longicornis Bassett. Male : length a little more than 2 mm. ; head black ; first and second joints of antennae globose and equal in length, third joint one-third longer than the first two combined, fourth equal in length to the first two, fifth almost equal in length to the fourth, the following joints gradually shorter, and all dark brown; thorax black and shining in that portion which is within the deep parapsidal grooves, median and alar lines wanting, scutel coarsely rugose and with short scattered hairs, foveae obsolete but replaced 398 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. by a slight depression, which is rough like the rest of the scutel ; legs rather pale red or reddish brown ; radial area open, areolet present ; abdomen black and smooth. Type locality: West Rock, New Haven, among the galls of Andricus exiguus and Neuroterus exiguus. *D. pallipes Bassett. Male: length 2.25 mm.; body mostly black; head finely wrinkled, wider than the thorax, first joint of the antennae smaller than the second, club-shaped, second globose, both pale, third to fifteenth changing gradually from pale to a dark dusky brown; parapsidal grooves very distinct and closely converging at the scutel, the space between the parapsidal grooves mostly polished and smooth, scutel rather coarsely rugose and without foveae; legs very pale brownish yellow ; wings subf uscous, veins reddish brown, radial vein ending very abruptly within the margin of the wing, areolet distinct, cubitus reaching to the first transverse vein ; abdomen petiolate, compressed, and shining black. Female : antennaa paler and the joints thereof shorter than in the male. The galls of this species are simply a larval cell at the centre of clusters formed in the rapid spring growth of the thrifty young white oak shoots. The gall is blackish brown, has a thin shell, and is oblong oval. It reaches a length of slightly over 2 mm. and is 1.5 mm. in diameter. The adult emerges from the apex of the cell in such a way as to leave the gall resembling an egg shell with the end removed. Type locality : Waterbury. *D. ignota Bassett. Female : length nearly 2 mm. ; head black, finely rugose ; an- tennae 13-jointed, the first and second joints dusky yellowish brown, the remaining ones from dull dusky brown to dark brown ; thorax microscopically sculptured or striate, the striae apparently transverse though not so over the entire surface, parapsidal grooves present, other impressed lines wanting, scutel finely rugose and without foveae ; legs clear testaceous, the posterior pair darkest, especially the femora ; wings slightly dusky, veins pale, areolet bounded by almost transparent veins, radial area open ; abdomen black, sheath of the ovipositor dusky testaceous at the tip. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 399 The gall of this species consists of an oval cell occurring either singly or in clusters of from two to eight on the under side of the leaves of Quercus bicolor. The galls are sessile and situ- ated on the midrib and principal veins, and usually lie in a posi- tion nearly parallel to the surface of the leaf. They are at first covered with short woolly hairs, but when ripe become more or less denuded. They measure 2.5 mm. in length and 1.2 mm. in diameter and resemble very closely the cocoons of some species of Microgaster. New Canaan, 17 September, 1915 (B. H. W.). °D. polita Bassett. Polished Oak Gall. Female : length nearly 3 mm. ; head apparently black, but of a very dark reddish brown when seen in certain lights, cheeks somewhat lighter than the other parts, vertex reticulate, antennae black, 1 4- jointed, the first joint club-shaped, the second oval or ovate, the third as long as the first two combined, the fourth one-fourth shorter than the third, the remaining joints except the apical one subequal, the last joint a little longer than the preced- ing; thorax black and smooth, with two parapsidal grooves, between which are two parallel depressions that reach from the pronotum two-thirds of the distance to the scutel ; few scattered hairs on the thorax, the highly polished pleurae bordered with scattered white hairs, scutel finely wrinkled and rounded posteriorly and projecting over the metathorax, its foveae widely separated and shining; legs very dark reddish brown, a little lighter at the sutures; wings hyaline, cubitus pale, radial area open ; abdomen black and polished, its pedicel more than half as long as broad, sheath of the ovipositor slightly projecting and tipped with a few long yellowish hairs. The galls are round, monothalamous, common in midsummer on both surfaces of the leaves of Quercus obtusiloba, at or near the summit of the young shoots, with from one to fifteen or twenty on a single leaf. They range in size from 6 to 18 mm. in diameter, and when fully matured are of a paler shade of green than the leaf on which they have grown, except where exposed to sunlight, in which case they become red or brown. The point of attachment is so small that upon removing them there is hardly any trace left of their having been attached to the leaf stem. The shell of the gall is, when dry, very thin and brittle, and the single 4 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. round larval cell is kept in a central position by fine radiating and branching fibres that extend from the cell to the outside shell. *D. papula Bassett. Female : length 2 mm. ; head dark reddish brown, with a few white hairs on the posterior edge of the vertex, vertex finely punctate ; antennae brownish red, darker toward the tip, 13- jointed, the last three joints connate so as to form a rather heavy club ; thorax black, lustreless, sparsely covered with hairs, with faint parapsidal grooves converging slightly where they approach the scutel, a very faint median line discernible from the posterior part of the mesothorax and extending one-third the distance to the pronotum, f oveae present on the scutel but indistinct ; legs reddish brown ; abdomen shining black, sheaths of the ovipositor yellow, the ovipositor yellowish brown with the exserted portion at least five times as long as the body. The gall of this species is monothalamous and quite often found in clusters of from forty to one hundred. The individual galls are papillous or cone-like and project unequally. They are usually so crowded as to form a confluent mass with pustule-like elevations. They are very hard though only transformed portions of the blade of the leaf. On the under side of the leaf they appear simply as a scar, projecting little if at all. They resemble the galls of Andricus futilis and occur on the leaves of Quercus rubra and Q. tinctoria. Type locality : Derby. *D. pedunculata Bassett. Female : length 2 mm. ; head black, vertex minutely rugulose : antennae 14-jointed, first and second joints equal in length and very pale yellow, the third a little longer than the two preceding combined, the fourth equal to the first and second United, and brownish at the tip, the remaining joints dark brown and equal in length ; thorax smooth, microscopically punctate, black and shining, with parallel lines obscure but with distinct parapsidal grooves, scutel obscurely punctate, its f oveae indistinct ; legs yel- lowish brown, middle of the femora darker, claws simple ; wings hyaline, veins dull brownish yellow, cubitus reaching nearly to the first transverse vein, radial area open ; abdomen bright shin- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 40X ing black,- with the second segment concealing the following ones in dry specimens. Male : body slightly longer than in the female ; antennae 15-jointed, the first joint dark at the base, the second yellow, globular, base of the third yellow, its tip thickened, remaining joints dusky brown; head, thorax and abdomen black; legs slightly darker than in the female. The galls of this species grow on slender peduncles on the edges of the leaves of Quercus rubra and Q. coccinea. They are ovate with a long curved point, 3 by 4 mm. in dimensions exclu- sive of the tip and the peduncle, which latter is from 6 to 12 mm. in length and is evidently the prolongation of the lateral leaf veins. When fresh the gall proper is smooth and has a somewhat glaucous hue which mostly disappears in drying, at which time there is a change to a dark, dirty, olive brown color. The larval cell, which is free, smooth and oval, is 1 by 2.5 mm. in dimensions. Type locality: Waterbury. Holcaspis Mayr. H. globulus Fitch. Oak Bullet Gall. PI. vi, Fig. 4. Female : length 5 to 6 mm. ; mostly black ; head, thorax, and abdomen except the hind margin of the second segment, dense- ly covered with whitish pubescence; antennae 14- jointed and black ; wings with distinct veins, radial area not closed ; abdomen minutely punctate. Galls occur on the young shoots of Quercus Montana, Q. alba and other oaks, in recently cut woodlands. Waterbury (Bassett) ; New Haven, 27 May, 1907 (B. H. W.). *H. rugosa Bassett. Female: length 4 mm.; antennse dark brown, 14-jointed, first joint club-shaped, second broader than long, third longer than the first two combined, fourth as long as the first two, the four following gradually shorter, the ninth and following equal in length ; thorax covered with short appressed yellowish white nairs which nearly hide the punctate surface, mesonotum with a lumber of parallel lines beside the parapsidal grooves to which ill the additional lines are also parallel and equidistant ; legs dark reddish brown ; wings hyaline, veins blackish brown and quite dis- :inct, the subcostal and second transverse veins darkest, areolet present, cubitus reaching only half-way from the areolet to the 26 402 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. first transverse vein, veins enclosing the open radial area termin- ating abruptly before reaching the margin of the wing ; abdomen black and shining, the first segment equal in length to all the rest and covered with white hairs on the side beneath the wing, sheath of the ovipositor dark yellowish brown. The galls of this species are round, hard, and sessile on the branches of Quercus prinoides. They measure from 12 to 16 mm. in diameter; their surface when immature is smooth and often quite red on the side exposed to the sun. When fully ripe or matured they have a shrunken and shriveled surface, and their color varies from ashen to dull brown. The free larval cell is surrounded by a yellowish brown cellular mass that is denser than a sponge and fills the entire space between the cell and the outer wall. *H. fasciata Bassett. Length 4.5 mm. ; head yellowish brown, face smooth, shaded lighter than the cheeks and vertex ; antennae dusky brown through- out, 14-jointed with the joints rather indistinctly separated, second joint oval, the third a little longer than the first and second com- bined, the remaining joints of a uniform red; thorax shining and almost black, parapsidal grooves deep, scutel very coarsely wrinkled and corrugated, its foveas not distinct; legs brownish red ; wings subhyaline, with the veins rather distinct, with an areolet, an open radial area, and the cubitus reaching to the first transverse vein ; abdomen greater in extent from its dorsal to its ventral surface than usual. The galls of this species were found in September on the summer growths of Quercus ilicifolia. They are arranged in linear clusters near the tips of the shoots, somewhat after the manner of the following species. While growing they are mot- tled light and dark green, these spots often being arranged in broad bands or fasciae. At the time of maturity they range from 6 to 12 mm. in diameter. At this time they are almost exactly round. Finally they drop to the ground in response to the slight- est touch and change then in color to a dull black. *H. duricoria Bassett. Pointed Bullet Gall. Female: length 5 mm.; almost entirely black; antennae 13- jointed, first and second joints together hardly longer than half No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 403 the length of the third, third to ninth joints gradually shorter and each larger at the apex than at the base; thorax hairy, with parapsidal grooves extending from the scutel forward but dis- appearing before reaching the pronotum ; in addition to these grooves two parallel lines extending from the pronotum to the middle of the mesonotum, and a median line beginning at the border of the scutel but not extending far forward, the line above the base of the wing distinct and deepest at the scutel, which latter is hairy and without f ovese ; wings slightly smoky, areolet present, cubitus disappearing before reaching the first transverse vein, the second transverse vein heavy, especially at the base of the open radial area ; legs dark brownish red, the claws bidentate ; abdomen black and shining. The galls of this species are globular, sessile and subclasping on the young branches of Quercus bicolor. In form they are somewhat like the Minie rifle balls. The galls are often so densely crowded that they become misshapen. Their surface is finely pulverulent and very hard and dry. The type locality is Waterbury, where females were observed emerging in October and November and were eaten by English sparrows and other small birds as fast as they appeared. Midway, 16 April, 1906 (B. H. W.) ; New Haven, 25 August, 1906 (P. L. B.). Cynips Linnaeus. C. strobilana Osten Sacken. Pine Cone Oak Gall. Female: length 4-5.5 mm., mostly dark brown, with dense appressed pubescence on the thorax and along the hind margins of the abdominal segments ; legs mostly brown, anterior knees and tarsi reddish ; wings hyaline ; head black, punctate and pubes- cent, palpi reddish, antennae 14-jointed, third joint about as long as the first and second combined, the fourth to sixth gradually decreasing in length, the seven penultimate joints nearly as long as broad, the last joint somewhat longer than the preceding but not as long as the two preceding combined ; thorax with its pubescence yellowish, not sufficiently dense to entirely conceal the sculpture, which latter consists of a rather dense punctuation and shallow grooves, two of which extend from the pronotum backward and end about the middle of the mesonotum in a smooth 404 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. flat expansion ; pleurae black, punctate except a smooth shining spot in the middle, with their lower part pubescent; scutel punctate above, rugose behind and finely pubescent, pits at its base of moderate size ; the legs dark brown, pubescent, the base of the femora and the knees and tarsi of the anterior pair reddish, in some individuals in addition a reddish tinge at the base of the femora and on the knees of the posterior pair; wings hyaline, the second transverse vein forming a knee which bears a distinct stump of a vein in its middle ; abdomen pitch black, in some indi- viduals, however, slightly reddish below along the hind margin of the segments, its entire surface except the base of the seg- ments and a narrow smooth line along the back clothed with a whitish appressed pubescence, under which latter there is a mod- erately dense perceptible punctuation, the second and largest seg- ment of the abdomen hardly extending to its middle. Waterbury, on leaves of swamp oak ; Greenwich, 24 Septem- ber, 1915 (M. P. Zappe). C. confluens Harris. Oak or May Apple. Length nearly 6 mm. ; head and thorax black and roughened with numerous little pits and short hairs, body posteriorly smooth and of a shining pitch color; legs dull brownish red; anterior wings with brown spot near the middle of the outer edge. The galls of this species are said to be the largest of the so- called oak apples. They grow on the leaves of the red oak, are round and smooth, and measure from 37 to 50 mm. in diameter. At first the gall is green and somewhat pulpy, but when mature it consists of a thin brittle shell of a dirty drab color which encloses a quantity of brown spongy material in the centre of which is a single cell about the size of a pea, which cell is the final home of the larva and chrysalis. The adults emerge prob- ably as a rule in the spring, but they have been noticed to come out in the fall. New Haven, 4 June, 1908 (B. H. W.). Amphibolips Reinhard. *A. verna Bassett. Female : length 4.5 mm. ; head rugose, dusky black ; antennae concolorous with the head, 14-jointed, with the first joint twice No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 405 as long as the second, third a little longer than the first and second combined and very slightly curved, the fourth two-thirds and the fifth one-half as long as the third, the sixth to the thir- teenth equal in length, the apical joint half as long as the preced- ing one ; thorax rugose and thinly covered with short hairs, the parallel lines of the mesonotum extending more than half-way to the scutel, parapsidal grooves quite obscure, the impressed lines over the bases of the wings more apparent than the parapsidal grooves, scutel with foveae that are not smooth ; legs uniformly dark red ; wings subf uscous, veins brownish red, radial area open, the areolet large and nearer to the anterior border of the wings than in most species, cubitus reaching to the first transverse veia ; abdomen shining and microscopically punctate. Type locality: Waterbury. Found ovipositing in the buds of Quercus ilicifolia, 9 April, 1897. A. badia Bassett. Female : length 6 mm. ; mostly dark brownish red ; head and thorax covered with short appressed red hairs ; antennae 13- jointed, second joint globular, the third one-third longer than the two preceding combined, the fourth one-third shorter than the third, the fifth and sixth gradually shorter, the third to sixth larger at the apex than at the base, face covered with appressed hairs, obscure converging line extending from the base of each antenna to the mouth, head not broader than the thorax; pro- thorax anteriorly with a very narrow shining band, mesothorax finely and evenly but rather sparsely punctate, parapsidal grooves and other lines rather obscured by the short, dense and closely appressed hairs, which completely hide the parapsidal grooves posteriorly, scutel rounded and slightly olevated posteriorly, foveae almost obsolete; legs darker than the thorax and densely covered with short, fine and appressed hairs; wings dark smoky brown, veins almost black, areolet well defined, cubi- tus disappearing a short distance from the first transverse vein ; abdomen black and shining, the second segment concealing nearly all the others above, but its length beneath less than half its length above, the sides of this segment covered with a dense patch of reddish hairs. Type locality of this species is probably Connecticut. It has been taken early in spring. 406 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. *A. ilicifoliae Bassett. Scrub Oak Gall. Female : length 4 mm. ; mostly black ; vertex of the head and the entire thorax black, deeply and irregularly sculptured; face rugose and pubescent, with the hairs converging toward the mouth, palpi shining reddish brown, antennae 13- jointed, the apical joint with an imperfect suture apparent on the inner side, first and second joints shining black, the remaining ones pubes- cent and dull black; thorax pubescent, the parapsidal grooves obliterated by a coarse, somewhat linearly arranged sculpture, scutellar foveae sculptured like the rest of the scutel ; legs with their coxae and the upper part of the femora of the anterior and middle pairs black, rest of the anterior and middle pairs reddish brown, posterior pair black, reddish at the joints ; wings slightly dusky, veins brownish black, areolet very small, vein at the base of the open radial area covered by a large brownish black cloud, which covers part of the areolet but does not reach to the anterior margin of the wing, in some individuals in addition a light brown cloud in the basal cell; abdomen black and shining, except the ventral edge, which is clear brownish red. Male : length 3.5 mm. ; differs from the female in having 15- jointed antennae, and in the darker legs, the posterior pair of which, including the tarsi, are almost entirely black. The galls of this species measure as much as 50 mm. in length and 21 mm. in diameter, though the average size is more nearly 43 mm. for the length and 18 mm. for the diameter. They are elongated, fusiform, erect or nearly so, apparently growing out of the petiole of the leaves of Quercus ilicifolia and from the upper side of the petiole. Their apex is rather long and more slender than the basal portion and often considerably curved. The central space containing the larvae is kept in place by radiat- ing woody fibres. The advent of the gall sometimes entirely pre- vents the development of the leaf on the upper side of which it has formed. Type locality : Waterbury. °A. prunus Walsh. Acorn Plum Qall. Female : length 5-7.5 mm. ; mostly black : head rather coarsely rugoso-punctate, face pubescent, antennae 13- jointed, the apical joint as long as the eleventh and twelfth combined ; thorax No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 407 opaquely and coarsely rugoso -punctate, with the dorsal groove extending only one-third the way to the scutel and with the parallel carinse on each side of the above groove extending only half-way to the scutel, scutellar fovese large and deep, highly polished and separated only by an acute and high carina; legs, including the coxae, rufous, with the trochanters and tips of the tarsi black ; wings subhyaline, with a dark brown cloud extending from the first transverse vein over the areolet and the radial area to the tip of the wing, veins all brown and distinct, but neither the subcostal, radial, cubital nor anal veins attaining the exterior margin ; abdomen with the second joint polished and with some sparse shallow punctures upon the basal three-fourths of the same. The terminal fourth of the second segment except the extreme edge is so densely covered with small confluent punctures as to appear like virgin silver. The galls occur on the side of the tuft of the acorns of Quercus rubra and Q. tinctoria. They are globular, smooth and plum-like, intensely bitter, and about 12.5-19 mm. in diameter, mottled with yellowish and crimson outside, internally yellowish in the centre, and pink toward the circumference. This gall reaches maturity in August and September. A. ccelebs Osten Sacken. Oak Spindle Gall. Male : length 4 mm. ; head and thorax black, opaque, deeply rugose, the latter pubescent; antennae reddish brown, paler toward the tip, 15- jointed; legs mostly ferruginous yellow, pos- terior femora and tibise infuscate; wings with a brown spot on the second transverse vein, and a pale, almost obsolete, brownish shade between it and the anal angle of the wing, the subcostal and radial veins interrupted before reaching the anterior margin, areolet indistinct, second transverse vein angular. The galls of this species occur on the red oak (Quercus rubra), and are elongated, fusiform, pale green, with pedicel inserted on the edge of the leaf and forming the prolongation of a leaf vein. The length of the gall is about 25 mm. New Haven, 22 February, 191 1 (B. H. W.). A. inanis Osten Sacken. Empty Oak Gall. Female : head black, deeply and irregularly sculptured on the front and vertex, face pubescent, rugose; antenna? 13-jointed, 408 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. brown or reddish brown, especially toward the tip ; thorax black, sculptured somewhat like the vertex and sparsely pubescent, three deeper longitudinal furrows occurring among the rugosities and converging toward the scutel ; near the anterior end of the intermediate furrow and parallel to it, smaller rather indistinct longitudinal furrows and ridges; pit at the base of the scutel divided by a longitudinal ridge; legs reddish yellow, pubescent, hind tarsi sometimes infuscated, claws black ; wings with a brown- ish black spot at the base of the radial area extending beyond the second transverse vein but not to the anterior margin of the wing; abdomen brownish red and glossy. On leaves of scarlet oak. New Haven, September, 1906 (W. E. B.). °A. nubilipennis Harris. Very like Synergus oneratus, from the dark colored variety of which it differs only slightly in size, being a little larger, and in the smoky cloud on the tips of its wings, which gives this species its name. The galls of this insect are of the size and color of grapes and occur on the leaves of oaks. They contain a solitary grub which completes its transformations in June in the state of Massachusetts. *A. sculpta Bassett. Female: length 5 mm.; head black, irregularly and coarsely sculptured; face sparsely pubescent; antennas black, 13-jointed, first and second joints very short, the third joint longer, the remaining joints gradually decreasing in length to the thirteenth, which latter equals the eleventh and twelfth combined ; thorax black, sculptured somewhat like the head, pubescent ; legs honey- yellow, coxae black, tarsi brownish ; wings smoky brown, some- what cloudy, veins dark red, terminating rather abruptly before reaching the margin of the wing, areolet distinct, radial area with its sftles almost parallel ; abdomen black, microscopically punc- tate, the second segment hairy beneath the wings. Male: length 4 mm. ; antennae 15-jointed, third joint rather deeply incised ; legs mostly dark reddish brown, the posterior pair nearly black, all rather lighter at the articulations than elsewhere ; wings, includ- ing the veins, hyaline, the latter seen but faintly and then only in No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 409 a very favorable light. The difficulty with which the veins can be seen may be due to the fact that the specimens upon which this description is based may have been immature. The galls of this species were found attached to the under side of the leaves of Quercus rubra. These galls are globular, vary- ing in size from 6 to 18 mm. in diameter. They are in color like a white grape, sour to the taste, succulent, of the consistency of a green grape, and sufficiently translucent to enable one to make out the single cell in the centre by simply holding the gall up to the sunlight. Type locality: Waterbury. Andricus Hartig. *A. ventricosus Bassett. Female : length 3.5 mm. ; head and thorax bright cinnamon color, the former finely punctate, face pubescent, dark brown around the mouth, tips of the mandibles black, palpi pale brown, antennas 15-jointed, third joint longest, the other joints gradually decreasing in length to the apical one, which is as long as the two preceding combined and provided with a connate suture; thorax punctate somewhat like the head, parapsidal grooves present, the line dividing the mesonotum lengthwise reaching from the pro- notum to the scutel, on each side of this' medial line a line reach- ing half-way from the collar or pronotum >to the scutel, also a deep linear depression on each side over the base of the wings : legs mostly yellow, tips of the tarsi black ; wings hyaline, the sub- costal, anal, first and second transverse veins dark reddish brown, the first two rather paler toward the base, areolet distinct, radial area ope«, the vein forming its base considerably enlarged ; abdo- men darker brown than the thorax. The galls of this species grow in clusters of from three or four to a dozen on the limbs and occasionally on the trunks of young shrubs of Quercus ilicifolia. They are cone-shaped, trun- cate at the base, with the apex often prolonged into a slender recurved point, from 12 to 15 mm. long and from 6 to 9 mm. in diameter at the base. When quite fresh or immature they are often of a deeo red color, which turns to brown or black when the galls become dry. Finally, the galls are very hard and enclose a nearly free larval cell. Type locality : Waterbury. 4IO CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. *A. formosus Bassett. Female : length 3 mm. ; head black, finely and evenly rugose ; antennae 15-jointed, yellowish red, the terminal joints darker, suture between the fourteenth and the fifteenth joints as distinct as the preceding ones, face with a short pubescence, the hairs of which converge toward the mouth, mandibles black, palpi of a color similar to that of the antennae ; thorax black, with a few short hairs on the pronotum, mesonotum with distinct parap- sidal grooves and a median line which is broad, where it ends at the scutel but gradually decreases and disappears just before reaching the pronotum, in addition between this and the parap- sidal grooves two short lines beginning at the pronotum and ex- tending half-way to the scutel ; the thorax reticulate, almost umbilicately punctate, scutel finely rugose, its foveae smooth and shining ; legs bright brownish red, except the upper part of femora, which is nearly black, and the coxae, which are entirely black ; wings hyaline, as are the veins, except the first and second transverse and the subcostal, which are very pale yellow, areolet equiangular, bounded on the inner side by an entirely colorless vein, radial area open; abdomen bright reddish brown, minutely punctate, sheath of the ovipositor dark brownish red. The galls of this species were found in a cluster of forty or fifty elongate, ovate, individual galls on a branch of a young red oak tree. They were from 18 to 25 mm. in length and 12 mm. in diameter in the middle, tapering to a point at both ends, covered with a short velvety pubescence, and when dry they were ridged like a cantaloupe. The inner structure, of a cork-like nature, adheres closely to the larval cell and is divided lengthwise into many parts by partitions corresponding to the outside ridges. This gall is monothalamous and the cell is 2.5 mm. long. Type locality : Waterbury. *A. pruinosus Bassett. Female: length 2.5 mm.; mostly shining black; antennae 13- jointed, first and second joints light brown, all the following gradually shorter to the apex which is dusky brown, in some cases a faint suture on the apical joint; thorax subcompressed from side to side, punctate and with a few scattered hairs, the two median lines and the parapsidal grooves all even and dis- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 4II tinct, scutel microscopically wrinkled and with shining fovese ; legs dark translucent brown, paler at the joints and tarsi than elsewhere ; wings subhyaline, veins distinct in the basal portion of the wing but hardly noticeable beyond, radial area open, areo- let bounded above by a longer vein than the others surrounding it, the cubitus reaching half-way to the first transverse vein ; abdomen with its second segment almost tubiform and covering all of the following segments in the dry specimens. The galls of this species are 3 to nearly 4 mm. in diameter, perfectly round, and to be found at various places on the leaves and occasionally on the sterile aments of Quercus obtusiloba. They are pruinose and their walls are very thin and do not enclose a larval cell. In many instances the blade of the leaf or the part affected by the gall is reduced to a mere rudiment of irregular form and varying size, but in such cases the gall is always banded by a minute ridge answering to the leaf blade. It bears a close resemblance to A. utriculus Bassett. Type locality: East Rock, New Haven. A. perditor Bassett. Head, antennae and legs deep brownish red ; head finely punc- tate ; mesothorax darker than the head and scutel ; antennae 14- jointed, first joint ovate, second subquadrate, third and fourth nearly equal ; parapsidal grooves very slender and subobsolete in front, lines at the bases of the wings present but indistinct, scutel ending in a blunt rounded point, rugose and hairy and with rather widely separated fovese; legs light brown at the joints; wings with their veins dark brown, areolet wanting, radial area open ; abdomen black and polished, the second segment three-fifths as long as the entire abdomen. The galls of this species are 3 to nearly 4 mm. long and 2.5-3 mm. broad. The base is broad, the apex conical, the base with the cicatrix of a true acorn. They occur in among the acorns of Quercus ilicifolia in the spring of the acorns' second year's growth, at which time the latter are very like these galls in appearance. *A. petiolicola Bassett. Oak Petiole Gall. Female: length 2.5 mm.; vertex of the head black, nearly smooth, face brown and pubescent, the mouth parts lighter in 412 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. color, antennas reddish brown. 13-jointed, the terminal joints darker in color than the basal; thorax rugulose, longitudinal grooves two in number, converging toward the scutel, and flank- ing two shorter grooves reaching half-way from the pronotum to the scutel, an indistinct groove over the base of the wings, scutel wrinkled and with a few scattered hairs, its base provided with f oveae ; legs light brown, the posterior pair dark brown, tips of tarsi very dark brown or black ; abdomen black and polished, its ventral portion, however, dark reddish brown, its second seg- ment half the length of the abdomen ; radial area not closed, cubitus disappearing before reaching the first transverse vein. Male: length 2 mm.; antennae 15-jointed, the third joint incised; abdomen black, the second segment three-fourths as long as the remaining ones ; otherwise as in the female. The galls of this species occur on Quercus montana, are club- shaped, situated on the petioles of the leaves, 12.5 mm. in diam- eter, hard and woody when mature. Type locality: Waterbury. New Haven, 8 October, 1908 (W. E. B.). *A. ostensackeni Bassett. Female : length 3 mm. ; mostly black ; head and thorax irregu- larly sculptured ; face sparingly pubescent, palpi brown, antennas pale brown, 13-jointed; thorax with a few scattered hairs, longi- tudinal lines broken by the sculpture and only indistinctly trace- able, mesothorax along the posterior margin bounded by a salient black shining ridge ; wings with a faint tinge of brown, veins brown and distinct, cubital vein disappearing before reaching the first transverse vein ; posterior legs very dark and shining brown, all the others somewhat reddish brown and lighter at the joints than elsewhere ; abdomen black and shining. Male : length 2.5 mm.; antennae 15-jointed, dull dark brown; legs darker than in the female ; abdomen elongated, with the third joint nearly two- thirds its entire length ; otherwise like the female. Galls of this species are somewhat rounded, oblong, hollow, pale greenish yellow, occur on the under side of the leaf, project slightly on the opposite side and contain an oblong kernel kept in position by filaments radiating toward the outer shell. Type locality: Waterbury. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 413 *A. cicatricula Bassett. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; head and thorax practically as in the male; antennae 13-jointed, abdomen shining black, except Deneath, where it is clear translucent brown, sheaths of the ovi- positor extending above the dorsum ; legs all dark reddish brown ; wings as in the male. Male: length nearly 2 mm.; head black, vertex microscopically netted, antennae 15-jointed, first and second joints dark reddish brown, remainder light yellowish brown, shin- ing, first joint heavy, second ovoid, third one-fourth longer :han the first two combined and slightly curved but scarcely in- :ised, fourth to fourteenth subequal, and each as long as the first and second combined, apical joint conical ; thorax black and shining, mesothorax rounded and with regular transverse reticu- lations, two faint parallel lines present, parapsidal grooves entire and almost parallel, converging only slightly toward the scutel, which is finely rugose and has f oveae that are shining ; legs with :he posterior pair dark brown and with pale sutures, the anterior and middle pairs light reddish brown, claws with two teeth ; wings hyaline, first and second transverse and submarginal veins Drown, the remaining veins entirely or almost entirely colorless, areolet present, radial area open, cubitus becoming obsolete half- way toward the first transverse vein ; abdomen with its second segment nearly round, polished and black, only the edge of the -emaining segments visible. The galls of this species are polythalamous, occur on the mid- /ein of the leaves of Quercus alba, one to a leaf, are situated at :imes at the base but usually from one-fourth to one-half the way Deyond the base, rarely above the middle, project one-third below ind two-thirds above the surface of the leaf, and are rounded on the under and cone-shaped on the upper surface of the leaves, rhe gall is solid and somewhat fibrous, its shortest diameter meas- uring 12.5 mm. and its longest diameter from 15 to 21 mm. The arval cells radiate in all directions from the centre of the gall md are quite numerous. There is at or near the centre of the :one a small scar or indentation which is invariably present. *A. corniger Osten Sacken. Horned Knot Oak Gall. Female : length nearly 3 mm. ; mostly black ; head as broad as :he thorax, face finely and indistinctly pubescent, irregularly 414 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. rugose, subopaque, with a few indistinct striae converging toward the mouth on both sides, mandibles reddish, their tips black, palpi brownish yellow, front opaque, vertex with a kind of lustre, irregularly sculptured, antennse 14-jointed, yellowish brown, brown toward the tip, third joint nearly as long as the two pre- ceding combined, the following joints gradually diminishing in length, joints eight to thirteen but slightly different in length, the apical joint about one and one-half times the length of the pre- ceding ; humeral parts of the pronotum coarsely rugose, opaque in contrast to the comparatively smooth and shining mesonotum, the latter with dense transverse microscopic rugae, which do not materially diminish the lustre of the surface, three distinct im- pressed lines running from the pronotum some distance backward, parapsidal grooves distinct, their margins less well cut or less smooth than usual, appearing as if the grooves were formed by a series of confluent punctures, the lateral grooves with similar characters and somewhat curved with the convexity on the out- side, tegulae yellowish brown, pleurae densely irregularly sculp- tured, opaque, except a shining spot on their upper portion, scutel rugose ; legs mostly brownish yellow, tips of tarsi brown, hind femora and tibiae infuscated, middle femora in some cases also infuscated; wings hyaline, somewhat whitish, distinct veins of pale brownish color, areolet distinct. Gall occurs on pin oak (Quercus palustris) on the limbs of which the woody knots bear pale yellow conical projections, which constitute these galls. Type locality: Waterbury. Saugatuck, 29 March, 1915 (An- drew Westlin). *A. incertus Bassett. Male: length 3 mm.; head black, antennae 14-jointed, the first joint shining black, clavate, the second ovate, the third half as long as the first and second combined, the fourth equal in length to the third, the succeeding joints subequal, becoming shorter and shorter, the joints beyond the first dark brown ; thorax black, roughened and hairy, two parallel lines extending half-way from the pronotum to the scutel, additional lines two in number extending half way from the scutel to the pronotum and diverg- ing, a line over the base of each wing, these lines rather obscured No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 415 by the pubescence, scutellar foveae almost as lustreless as the scutel itself ; legs dark shining brown, nearly black, but some- what lighter at the joints ; wings hyaline, with a smoky brown spot toward the base, areolet present, radial area open ; abdomen black and shining, its first segment (above) two-thirds the length of the abdomen as a whole. Was found ovipositing, 22 April, 1890, in buds of Quercus bicolor. The type locality for this species is probably Waterbury. *A. obtusilobae Bassett. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; head, antennae and legs clear yellow- ish red ; antennae 13-jointed, the first joint club-shaped, the second half as long as and the third equal to the first in length, the fol- lowing joints each shorter than the next preceding, except the apical joint, which is twice as long as the twelfth; head broader than the thorax, vertex evenly and finely wrinkled or punctate ; thorax with the surface of the mesonotum punctate, and traversed in part by two parallel median longitudinal lines extending half- way from the pronotum to the scutel in addition to the parapsidal grooves which are present but indistinct, scutel finely wrinkled, its fovea smooth ; wings not quite hyaline, their veins faint, radial area open, areolet wanting, cubitus reaching two-thirds the dis- tance to the first transverse vein ; abdomen polished. The type locality of this species is also probably Waterbury. *A. piperoides Bassett. Female : length 3.5 mm. ; head microscopically punctate, an- tennae 14-jointed, first joint ovate, the third one-third longer than the first and second combined, the fourth to the seventh succes- sively shorter than the next preceding, the joints beyond the seventh ovate ; thorax smooth and shiny, mesonotum with dis- tinct parapsidal grooves, scutel subquadrate, finely wrinkled, its foveae distinct, the carina small, extending to its posterior mar- gin ; legs less dark than the rest of the body, which is almost entirely dark reddish brown ; wings with distinct veins, areolet obsolete or nearly so, reduced to a light spot at the crossing of the distinct veins, cubitus extending almost to the first transverse vein, radial area open, its basal vein terminating abruptly at a distance from the costal border ; abdomen compressed from side to side, giving the dorsal and ventral portions a sharp edge, almost 416 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. entirely bare, a few hairs on the sides of the penultimate segment. The galls of this species measure from 3 to 9 mm. in diameter, and occur in dense clusters along the midvein of only the largest grown leaves of the thriftiest shoots of young red oaks (Quertus rubra). These clusters contain from one or two dozen galls up to one hundred or more and extend along the vein of the leaves to the distance of 7 or 10 cm. This species was probably described from specimens collected in Waterbury. *A. pulchellus Bassett. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; black and glistening ; antennae 14- jointed, dark reddish brown, first joint globose, the third and following joints of uniform length ; thorax ovate, punctate, sparsely hairy, parapsidal grooves closely converging toward both the pronotum and the scutel, the foveae of which latter are shin- ing ; legs clear reddish brown ; wing veins pale brown, radial area open, areolet bounded by veins of uniform size, cubitus indistinct and reaching half way to the first transverse vein ; abdomen short, its first segment equal to four-fifths of its entire length, black and smooth. The specimen from which this species is described was found ovipositing in the buds of Quercus prinoides, and was probably collected in Waterbury. *A. patiens Bassett. Female : length 3 mm. ; head very dark red, hairy and rugose, vertex flattened, antennae 14-jointed, the first joint dark and club- shaped, second joint one-third the length of the first and some- what lighter in color, third equal to the first and second com- bined, fifth a little shorter than the fourth, and the sixth a little shorter than the fifth, the succeeding joints equal in length, all of the joints except the first dusky red or coppery ; thorax and scutel dull red and covered with hair, parapsidal grooves, median lines and lines near the bases of the wings all present, the median lines reaching about one-third the distance from the pronotum to the scutel, scutellar fovese present, not smooth and shining; wings faintly fuscous, the larger veins pale red, the smaller almost color- less, radial area open and broadest in its middle, areolet present, the anterior sides bounded by indistinct veins ; abdomen black No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 417 and smooth, its first segment with a few scattered hairs on its anterior half; legs semi-translucent red, posterior femora almost ovate in the middle, claws dark. This species was found ovipositing in the buds of Quercus ilicifolia early in the spring. The type locality is probably Water- bury. A. fusiformis Osten Sacken. This species differs from petiolicola as follows : The two lines between the parapsidal grooves are distinctly impressed and very like furrows, but have less lustre and are therefore not as perceptible as in the species above mentioned. In addition to these lines there is a third intermediate impressed line that is perceptible in certain lights, the scutel is less deeply wrinkled, and the thoracic pubescence is more distinct than in the other species. The gall of this species is elongated, fusifiorm, petiolate, and mostly occurs on. the margin, though sometimes on the surface, of the leaf of the white oak {Quercus alba). *A. exiguus Bassett. Female: head black, antennae 13-jointed, joints three to ten, in dry specimens shrunken and wrinkled; wings not clear, veins distinct. Male: head black, antennae pale yellow, 14- jointed, second joint globular, the third as long as the first and second combined, and subclavate, the succeeding joints equal in length and not quite as long as the third, except the apical joint, which is minute, the tenth to thirteenth joints slightly dusky; thorax shining yellow, parapsidal grooves distinct, scutel yellow, slightly rugose, bounded posteriorly by a heavy ridge, its foveae round and close together ; legs pale yellow ; wings subhyaline, veins pale brown, areolet present but faint, radial area open, cubitus reach- ing three-fourths of the distance to the first transverse vein. Type locality: West Rock, New Haven. Found among the dry but still adherent aments of Quercus obtusiloba in June. *A. ashmeadi Bassett. Female : length 3.5 mm. ; thorax with distinct parapsidal grooves that are even throughout, the intermediate parallel lines not grooved and reaching only half-way to the scutel, a faint line on the mesonotum near the base of each wing, thorax irregularly 27 4l8 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. punctate, scutel more coarsely so than the rest of the thorax, and more hairy ; wings clear, veins distinct and brown, areolet present, radial area open, cubitus not quite reaching the first transverse vein ; legs very dark reddish brown, almost black, except at the joints, claws simple; abdomen polished, shining black, except where covered with white hairs, the dorsal and ventral portions of the second, third and fourth abdominal segments bare. The type of this species was probably found in Waterbury, and is represented by a specimen collected 13 April, 1890, ovi- positing in the buds of Quercus bicolor. *A. operatola Riley and Bassett. Female: length 3.5 mm.; head, including the antennae, and thorax, including the legs, dark reddish; head almost crescent- shaped, very finely rugose, antennae 13- jointed, first joint dark, second joint globose and only one-third as long as the first, third not quite as long as the first and second combined, the fourth to the twelfth successively with each one shorter than the next preceding, the apical joint tapering at its apex ; thorax punctate, parapsidal grooves as well as the two intermediate lines present, the latter extending little more than half-way to the scutel and posteriorly somewhat divergent, mesonotal lines near the insertion of the wings distinct, except for minute hairs which somewhat obscure the same, as well as the punctuation of the thorax, scutel roundish, somewhat rugose and more hairy than the rest of the thorax, its foveas oval, shining, oblique and separated from each other by a carina; wings hyaline, with the subcostal and two transverse veins brownish red, the other veins nearly colorless, radial area present, areolet wanting; logs paler red than the thorax ; abdomen black and polished, the sides of the first segment sparingly covered anteriorly with white hairs. The galls vary in size from that of the flaxseed to 8 mm. in length, are shaped somewhat like the false chestnuts that are often seen in chestnut burrs, and rarely approach the shape of an acorn. From one to six of these galls have been found origi- nating from between the acorn and the acorn cup of Quercus ilicifolia. The acorn is in most cases aborted through the pres- ence of these galls, and the galls when mature fall to the ground. This is regarded as the agamous form of A. operator. The type locality of this species is Waterbury. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 419 *A. palustris Osten Sacken. Succulent Oak Gall. Female and male : length 2 to 2.5 mm. ; mostly black ; mouth brownish yellow, palpi brownish; antennae filiform, 15-jointed, four to six basal joints yellow, the rest brown (in the male the basal joints also somewhat infuscated), third joint longer than the others, the fourth to eighth joints successively shorter than the joint next preceding (this difference in length not so marked in the male as in the female), the following joints equal in length ; thorax smooth and shining, scutel deeply sculptured on its posterior aspect ; legs yellow except the bases of coxae which are brown, and the tips of the tarsi which are black ; wings im- maculate, with the thickened veins brown, those of the anterior portion of the wing especially dark, the basal vein sometimes obsoletely clouded, areolet distinct, cubitus distinct throughout its whole length and not quite reaching the margin ; abdomen shining. The galls of this species range from 9 to 10 mm. in diameter, are globular, hollow, green, succulent, contain a whitish free globular body about 2.5 mm. in diameter, and occur on the buds and young leaves of Quercus palustris, the pin oak. The type locality of this species is Waterbury. New Haven, 5 June, 1906 (B. H. W.). A. flocci Walsh. Female : length 2-2.5 mm- > mostly black ; vertex glabrous and a little polished, face brownish and apparently pubescent, palpi brown, antennae apparently two-thirds as long as the body, 13- jointed, the basal half rufous, the terminal half dark brown ; the apical joint more than half as long again as the penultimate; thorax glabrous, somewhat polished, with two longitudinal striae converging toward the scutel and sometimes with a faint medial stria in addition, striae obsolete anteriorly, pleurae sometimes entirely opaque, subpubescent, sometimes wfth a moderately polished spot under the wings, scutel finely rugose, not polished, with basal shallow foveae ; legs uniformly honey-yellow, verging toward rufous, except the tarsal tips, which are obfuscated; wings hyaline, the principal veins and the cross veins brown, areolet distinct, radial area open and three to three and a half times as long as wide; abdomen polished, as seen from the side 420 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. as wide as long, the second segment occupying about one-half its surface, the ovipositor more or less exserted. This species is probably an inhabitant of Quercus alba, the white oak. A. nigrae Osten Sacken. Female: reddish brown on head and thorax, abdomen dark brown and shining; antennae 14-jointed, with indication of an additional joint in certain lights, brownish yellow; anterior legs brownish yellow, intermediate or middle legs darker brownish on the femora and tibiae, posterior legs still darker brown, all tarsi brownish yellow with infuscated tips; wings hyaline, sub- costal and radial veins colorless or almost pellucid, areolet want- ing, cubital veins very indistinct. Of the two original galls from which this species was bred both were found along the midrib on the under side of a leaf of Quercus nigra or blackjack oak, one extending for about 25 mm. along the midrib, the other shorter, both greenish and about 5 or 7.5 mm. broad, and each containing several gall flies, which emerged between the 20th and 22d of June, the larger gall there- after appearing to have been pierced nine times. A. frondosus Bassett. Only the gall of this species is known. This is a cone-like body, developed from the axillary leaf buds, and covered, when immature and often when dry, with a dense rose-like cluster of imperfectly developed leaves. The cell containing the larva is smooth, shining, oval, about one-eighth of an inch long, half immersed in the apex of the cone, and occurring on Quercus chin- quapin. These galls are developed after the summer growth of the tree is complete and the axillary buds are formed. The rudi- mentary leaves are green, ligulate, and the more perfectly devel- oped galls resemble the flowers of the common garden Artemisia. The clump of oak bushes from which the Original specimens were gathered was covered with them. A. topiarius Ashmead. Leafy Bower Gall. Female : length a little more than 2 mm. ; uniformly red brown, punctate; eyes dark brown, antennae 13-jointed, slightly longer than the thorax and very slightly thickened towards the tip ; thorax with the usual grooves so characteristic of this genus, No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 421 only not so distinctly apparent as usual, the median longitudinal line being faintly traceable, as well as the two short lines on the shoulders, scutel rugoso-punctate, cushion-shaped, with two small oblique foveas at base ; abdomen polished, second segment occupy- ing more than one-half the length of the abdomen, third, fourth and fifth segments subequal ; wings hyaline, veins hyaline, so clear as to be traced with difficulty, the radial area open, areolet so pale as to be invisible, except when held up to the light, when it is seen to be distinct, cubitus obsolete. The galls of this species in general appearance are exactly similar to those of A. frondosus, but not so large, comprising a cluster of small, deformed, lanceolate leaflets, with from three to five small, smooth, oval cells in its matrix ; these cells are deciduous, measure from 1.5 mm. to a little more than 0.5 mm. in diameter, and like other leafy galls of this kind fall to the ground on reaching maturity. This species is infested by the following parasites: Eurytoma studiosa Say, and a species of each of the following genera: Torymus, Synergus, Ceroptres and Platy- gaster. A. seminosus Bassett. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; head black, antennae dark honey- yellow, 1 4- jointed, the first and third equal in length, the fourth to thirteenth thicker than long, the fourteenth longer and conical ; mesonotum black, finely punctate, not hairy, the parapsidal and interparapsidal parallel lines hardly discernible, the dorsal or median lines indistinct, but extending more than half-way to the pronotum, a deep impression over the base of each wing, scutel shining but irregularly and coarsely wrinkled, its shining foveas very deep and separated by a ridge; legs dark reddish brown, claws simple; wings with veins faint and the areolet subobso- lete ; abdomen black and shining, except the posterior margins of the terminal segments, which are yellowish brown. The galls are hard woody knots, sometimes terminating the shoots in a clump of oak sprouts, but oftener an enlargement of the base of the small lateral branches. In some specimens the terminal galls are 25 mm. in diameter and shaped like a straw- berry, others are about half as large and of the same shape ; all are more or less uneven on the surface. In old galls the outer 422 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT.i HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. bark when fallen off reveals a surface which is dotted as thickly as possible with very small, open, larval cells to the number of several hundreds ; the cells are distinct from the woody fibre in which they are imbedded but cannot be separated from it. These galls are easily taken for those of A. scitulus. *A. piger Bassett. Oak Midrib Gall. Female : length nearly 3 mm. ; mostly deep black, ocelli incon- spicuous in the rather coarsely rugose vertex, antennae 14-jointed, the first joint club-shaped, second ovate, third not quite as long as the first and second combined, fourth, fifth and sixth subequal, the remaining joints scarcely shorter than the sixth and sub- equal, base clear yellowish brown, changing gradually to a light dusky brown toward the apex; thorax finely and evenly punctate, in a favorable light seeming to have two extremely faint parallel lines which extend half-way from the pronotum to the scutel, a smooth groove beginning at the scutel on the middle of the mesonotum, and ending suddenly as a groove but continuing as a faint depression half-way to the pronotum, the parapsidal grooves fine and narrow but distinct, a smooth polished line over the base of the wings, the scutel round and rugose, the foveae large and deep ; the legs rather a dark reddish brown ; the wings hyaline, with sharply defined veins, a small areolet and open radial area and a colorless cubitus; abdomen polished and shin- ing, first segment more than equal in length to the remaining ones combined, sheath of the ovipositor dark yellowish brown at the tip. The galls of this species are large, irregular swellings on the midrib of the leaves of Quercus tinctoria, always on the under side and usually on the lower half of the leaf ; sometimes two dis- tinct galls are found on the same leaf, their presence being indi- cated on the upper surface by a widening of the midrib and a slight depression of the leaf at that point. They are often 25 mm. in length, and in the middle half 25 mm. in diameter, taper- ing more or less towards the ends. They are of a dense cellular tissue, with the woody fibre of the midrib along the axis. The cellular portion contains a large number of larval cells, which are inseparable from the enveloping substance. The galls are found on young oaks early in June. They answer, it might be No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 423 added, the description of Quercus tumifica given by Osten Sacken. *A. pattoni Bassett. Female: length 2 mm.; head reddish brown; antenna 14- jointed, dusky brown, the last two joints indistinctly separated by a closely connected suture, entire head and face covered with short white hairs, tips of the mandibles black; thorax a very dark shining brown, appearing black in certain lights, its surface finely and evenly reticulate, the parapsidal grooves closely con- vergent at the scutel, the short line usually present over the base of each wing wanting in this species, a few scattered hairs on the borders of the mesothorax, most abundant at the base of the wings, scutel rugose and hairy, its foveae large and shallow ; legs of uniform reddish brown, except the darker tips of the tarsi ; wings hyaline, veins dark brown, areolet present, cubitus very pale and sometimes quite disappearing before reaching the first transverse vein, radial area open, abruptly terminated by the short curve of the radial vein ; abdomen shining blackish brown, lighter beneath, the ventral valve projecting a little above the dorsal. The galls are clusters of larval cells along the midvein of the leaves of Quercus obtusiloba, on the under side and standing per- pendicular to its surface. The cells are completely hidden in a short, dense, brownish wool. The largest clusters often extend along the midvein more than half the length. They are found on young trees, and usually on the leaves near the top of the stronger growing shoots. This species lives over the winter in the galls. The galls in their woolly covering resemble those of A. flocci of Walsh, but in the latter the woolly hairs are longer and that species is found only on Quercus alba. Type locality: West Rock, New Haven, 1876 (W. H. Patton). *A. utriculus Bassett. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; head black, very finely rugose, face sparsely covered with short stiff hairs, antennae 13-jointed, first joint short, club-shaped, second globular, third long and straight, fourth three-fourths as long as the third, fifth and. succeeding ones, except the terminal one, one-half as long as the third, thir- teenth with an indistinct suture in the middle, antennae clear yellowish brown at the base, gradually changing to a dull deep brown at the tip ; thorax black, mesothorax finely rugose, parap- 424 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. sidal grooves distinct and a broad deep median line from the pronotum to the scutel, line over the base of each wing present but indistinct, scutel coarsely wrinkled, sparsely hairy, foveas connate, deep, smooth and shiny at the bottom ; legs with anterior and middle pairs yellowish brown except the trochanter which is nearly black, posterior pairs darker brown; areolet very small and in some cases wanting, radial area open, surface of the wing more hairy than is usual among the Cynipidae. Male : length 2 mm. ; black, except the legs and antennas, which are a little darker than in the female. Antennas much longer than in the female, 15-jointed, third joint not incised; abdomen small, slender, shiny, the first segment equal in length to all the others. The gall of this species is described as being globular, mono- thalamous, on the petioles and leaves of Quercus alba; it is thin-walled, 4 mm. in diameter, green or purplish, and pubescent, sometimes entirely preventing the development of the leaf and appearing on the end of the short petiole. It is sometimes found on the end of a vein of a partially developed leaf, and more rarely surrounded by the lamina of the leaf. In the last case it appears ©n both sides of the leaf, but is most prominent above. It contains no larval cell. In size and in structure it resembles A. vesicula, found on the same oak, but several weeks later. This species is said to be often quite abundant in a limited space, as in the locality where the author found it. A. reticulatus Bassett. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; head and thorax very dark brownish red, approaching black ; antennae 13-jointed, the third joint hardly longer than the two preceding combined, fourth not quite as long as the third, fifth to twelfth subequal, thirteenth one-fourth longer and showing in a favorable light a dark ring near the tip, hardly distinct enough to be called a suture ; mesothorax with an exceedingly fine reticulation and a few short scattered hairs, parallel lines reaching half-way from the pronotum to the scutel, these and the parapsidal grooves and the short lines over the base of the wings present ; scutel pointed, finely rugose, its foveas large, shallow and smooth ; legs light yellowish brown, except the posterior pair which are much darker, claws simple ; wings hyaline, veins slender and mostly colorless, areolet present, but indistinct, radial area open ; abdomen shining yellowish brown, No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 425 lightest anteriorly, second segment so long and deep as to nearly conceal the remaining segments. The galls of this species are polythalamous, and occur on the midvein of what is probably one of the dwarf varieties of Quercus virens. The galls are prominent on both surfaces, but more so on the under side, are almost round and (dried specimens) 6 mm. in diameter. The dry galls are exceedingly hard, and bear a very close resemblance to those of A. cicatricula, though the scar or indentation invariably found in that species is wanting. The larval cells are not separable from the solid woody fibre around them, and they all radiate from a common centre. A. capsulus Bassett. Oak Capsule Gall. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; deep shining black, with the excep- tion of the antennae, legs, and sheath of the ovipositor ; head and thorax microscopically punctate and sparsely dotted with ex- tremely fine short hairs, parapsidal grooves converging as they approach the scutel, a slight groove over the base of the wings, the short parallel lines represented by a very slight depression on each side of the rather prominent dorsal ridge, but these last so obscure as to easily escape notice, the scutel wrinkled rather tham punctate and without foveae; antennae 13- jointed, first and second joints rugose, thirteenth as long as the eleventh and twelfth together and with a connate suture, amber colored, in- clining to brown ; coxae and trochanters black or blackish brown, femora and tibiae clear shining dark brown, paler at the joints, tarsi pale cinnamon brown, claws black; wings hyaline, veins pale brown, fading in the smaller ones to hyaline, areolet indis- tinct, radial area open ; abdomen with its first segment equal in length to all the others taken together, the sheath of the ovipositor dark translucent brown, and not turned up at its extremity. Male : smaller, darker, and with a laterally compressed abdomen. The galls are monothalamous, on slender pedicels on- the margins of the leaves of Quercus bicolor, rarely more than one on a leaf, the pedicels from 12.5 to 18 mm. long; the galls them- selves are 9 mm. long and 3 mm. in diameter, oval, and resemble very closely the capsules of certain mosses ; the surface is rough, and with the pedicel finely pilose or rather pubescent ; the pedicel is usually but not invariably the extension of a lateral leaf vein; the whole is of the color of the under side of the leaves of this 426 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. species of oak. Most of the leaves which bear the galls are fully developed, but some are more or less imperfect and occasionally a gall is found on what is but a mere rudiment of a leaf. The galls appear with the leaves and the insects come out early in June. This little gall is a true larval cell, and its thin walls offer slight obstacles to the attacks of parasites. A. (Callirhytis) radicis Bassett. Length 4 mm. ; dark reddish brown ; head opaque ; face, cheeks and vertex with short, bristle-like hairs, antennae 14-jointed, the first joint short and thick, the second globular, length of the third one-fourth less than that of the two preceding, the diameter of each from the eighth to the fourteenth inclusive equal to their length, the last forming a very blunt cone, color of the antennae dark reddish brown, changing gradually to a dark dusky brown toward the apex; thorax black, the punctuation fine, regular and even, parapsidal grooves extending throughout, shining lines over the base of the wings, a narrow but distinct median line from the pronotum to the scutel, and two parallel lines one on each side of the median line and in close proximity thereto, reaching half- way from the pronotum to the scutel, which latter is irregularly wrinkled, its fovese round and shiny ; abdomen dark reddish brown with brown translucent edges ; second segment very long and with a dense band of yellowish white hairs on the anterior mar- gin, the third segment mostly, and the remaining ones quite concealed ; legs with trochanters black, the remaining joints very dark cinnamon brown, claws black, simple; wings hyaline, prin- cipal veins pale brown, others colorless, radial area present, the angle of the first transverse vein projecting sharply into the basal portion, areolet and the lateral veins bounding it entirely colorless. Said to be an agamous form of A. futilis euroterus Osten Sacken. The author of this species under his original description writes that those taken in the act of ovipositing were in all respects like these described, except that the color of the antennae, legs, and wings was a trifle darker — owing, no doubt, to the fact that these were exposed to the sunlight while the others were not. The females reared from futilis galls one season were 2.5 mm. in length, with wings of the same length as the body, and 13-jointed antennae, nearly 2 mm. in length with a partial suture on one side No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 427 of the terminal joint, also with the median line on the thorax en- tirely wanting; the head less hairy but with a few scattered hairs on the thorax and on the side of the second abdominal segment. The galls of this species are blister-like swellings in the smooth bark of the roots of young white oak trees (Quercus alba), completely covering the roots in some places for the dis- tance of two feet or more from the tree. A. (C.) pulcher Bassett. Female : length 2 mm. ; head and thorax black, and evenly punctate, except the scutellum, which is evenly rugose ; antennae 14-jointed, the second oval, third one-fourth longer than the two preceding taken together, remaining joints gradually shorter, all connate, but alike distinct, and with a yellowish, almost metallic hue, cheeks grooved ; mesothorax rounded, median line a slight depression, but punctate like the rest of the surface, parallel lines rather broad, shallow and polished, parapsidal furrows very fine and extending throughout, lines over the base of the wings present but indistinct, scutel evenly rugose, foveas near together and rather deep and ovally elongate ; legs very dark brown, claws simple; wings hyaline, veins colorless, except the subcostal and transverse, which are dark but not black, areolet wanting, radial area open. Male; antennae 15-jointed, the first joint black, the second ovate, the third longer than the first two and slightly curved and incised, all except the first with the yellowish metallic hue noticed in the female ; legs lighter than those of the female, the posterior pair darkest ; the antennae somewhat longer and the abdomen, smaller as usual in this sex. The galls of this species occur on the aments of Quercus tinc- toria, also Q. rubra measuring when dry, shrunken and shriveled, from 2.5 to 4 mm. in diameter. They are polythalamous, each gall producing four or five insects. The interior of the gall is of a very loose spongy texture and the outside thin and papery and green like the leaves. When fresh they are round and of the size of a common red currant. They differ from the galls of Dryophanta palustris Osten Sacken, which are sometimes found on the aments of Quercus ilicifolia, in the thin and smooth shell, and in being polythalamous. Flies of both sexes appear in May. 428 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. *A. (C.) similis Bassett. Scrub Oak Club Gall. Female : length 3 mm. ; head and thorax bright brownish red ; abdomen red except the dorsal portion of the middle segment which is nearly black ; vertex finely sculptured, face pubescent, the hairs converging toward the mouth, antennae 13-jointed, the apical joint nearly as long as the two next preceding, with occa- sionally, an obscure suture making it appear as though the antennae were 14-jointed ; thorax coarsely punctate, pubescent and a shade darker than the head, dorsulum with three faint longitudinal lines extending from the pronotum to the scutel, and two additional lines, one on each side of the median line and extending from the pronotum half-way to the scutel, furthermore with an obscure line on the dorsulum close to the insertion of the wings, scutel sculptured, its base provided with pits which are smooth ; pleurae with the central portion longitudinally striate ; the legs uniformly brownish red, except the tips of the tarsi, which are black ; wings rather whitish, the subcostal, anal, first and second transverse veins very pale yellow, the other veins colorless, the posterior side of the radial area not bounded by a vein, cubitus and areolet obsolete; the terminal segments of the abdomen withdrawn into the others in museum specimens, the sheath of the ovipositor turned abruptly upward but not extending above the back of the abdomen. Male : length 2 mm. ; head and thorax black, antennae 15-jointed, first and second joints nearly black, the remaining ones red ; legs with the middle pair dark reddish brown, the pos- terior pair nearly black though still dark brown, lighter at the articulations than elsewhere ; abdomen black and shining. The gaHs of this species occur on the ends of the small limbs of Quercus ilicifolia. They are club-shaped, woolly, with a blunt apex, generally turned to one side, covered in summer with a few leaves, and usually contain one larva, though occasionally two or three larvae. This species is closely related, both in the gall and in the insect itself, to A. (C.) tuber Fitch. Another species of oak on which it is said to occur is Q. tinctoria. The type locality is Waterbury. *A. (C.) scitulus Bassett. Female : length 2.2 mm. ; mostly black ; vertex subrugose, sides of the head and the face sometimes a very dark brown ; thorax regularly punctate, parapsidal grooves present, two parallel lines No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 429 in certain lights to be seen lying between the parapsidal grooves and the median line or longitudinal depression, a deep groove over the dorsulum near the insertion of the wings, scutel regu- larly sculptured, without basal tips ; legs shining, yellowish brown, middle of the femur and tibia darker than the same joints at their articulations with each , other, tips of tarsi black ; wings hyaline, first transverse and radial veins dark brown, the other veins pale but distinct, areolet present at the base of the open radial area. Male: very like the female in color and markings, but the antennae are mostly amber color, except the terminal joints, which are light brown. As a rule the antennae are 16-jointed. The galls of this species grow upon the green twigs of Quer- cus tinctdria, sometimes causing simply an enlargement of the part affected, again entirely checking the growth of the affected part and being covered with leaves. These galls are from 18 to 37 mm. long and rather more than 12 mm. in diameter at the base ; they are woody, tuber-like, and taper to a point. The type locality of this species is Waterbury. A. (C.) operator Osten Sacken. Female : head yellowish red, especially beneath, antennae 12- jointed, the joints beyond the third subequal, the third joint the longest, except the apical joint, which is a little longer than the third and seemingly partially subdivided into three joints ; thorax reddish, indistinctly sculptured, parapsidal grooves extending from the pronotum to the scutel, these grooves delicately im- pressed but still distinct, in addition on the dorsulum four grooves as follows : one on each side between the preceding and the bases of the wings, and indications of one on each side between the parapsidal grooves and running from the pronotum to the middle of the dorsulum ; scutel roughened and provided with basal pits ; legs pale reddish, except the claws, hind tibiae, and the bases of the hind tarsi, all of which are brown; wings hyaline, quite transparent, areolet wanting, subcostal, first and second trans- verse veins distinct and pale yellowish, the terminal portion of the subcostal vein wanting, the radial vein and end of cubitus pale and indistinct, that portion of the cubitus which usually extends from the first to the second transverse vein entirely wanting in this species, anal vein nearly obsolete. Male: differ- 430 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. ing from the female as follows: antennae 14- jointed, the third joint distinctly incised beneath, the fourth and following joints nearly equal to one another in length and only slightly shorter than the third, the remaining joints successively diminishing in length toward the tip of the antennas. The gall of this species occurs on the blackjack oak (Quercus nigra) ; it is a rounded mass that looks like a collection of wool with numerous seed-like bodies within, and may be found on the twigs. A. (C.) tubicola Osten Sacken. Female : length 3 mm. ; chestnut brown, darker on the abdo- men than elsewhere, in immature specimens the body may be entirely reddish brown; antennae 13-jointed, the joints near the base brownish, the remaining joints black; thorax inconspicu- ously pubescent ; wings hyaline, subcostal and radial veins dark brown, areolet present and triangular, second transverse vein angular, the portion of the cubital vein anterior to the areolet indistinct ; legs mostly yellowish brown, tips of the tarsi black. The gall of this species is a perpendicular tube about 1 mm. in length, slightly contracted at the attached end and open at the opposite end, yellowish, covered on its exterior with numer- ous red spines. It occurs in clusters on Quercus obtusiloba. A. (C.) seminator Harris. Oak Seed Gall. Length 2.5 mm. ; almost black, highly polished, especially on the abdomen and at the mouth ; antennae and legs reddish or ferru- ginous. Tke gall of this species occurs in ring-like clusters around the smaller twigs of the white oak (Quercus alba). The galls are rough, reddish, sometimes as large as a walnut, when fully developed somewhat like a dried sponge in texture, with many egg-shaped, yellowish white, thin, tough cells within that are nearly 3 mm. long. New Haven, 5 June, 1906 (A. F. Hawes) ; Wallingford, 9 June, 1908 (B. H. W.). *A. (C.) tuberosus Bassett. Female: length nearly 2 mm. ; antennae 13-jointed, pale brown except toward the apex where they become rather dusky, first and second joints globular; legs pale brown and more uniformly No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 43 1 colored than in the male ; wings somewhat shorter than in the male; abdomen petiolate. Male: length 1.5 mm.; black; antennae 15-jointed, first and second joints ovate, the former dark brown at base, paler beyond, second and six or seven following joints yellowish brown, remaining joints dusky, third joint curved but not excised ; head punctate ; thorax obscurely wrinkled, pleurae striate, parapsidal grooves distinct though delicate, scutel finely rugose and provided with f oveae ; legs brownish yellow ; wings hyaline, veins pale, areolet distinct, cubitus extending to the first transverse vein, radial area open ; abdomen petiolate. In this species the galls reach maturity in June, and occur on the young shoots of Quercus Uicifolia, which are checked in their terminal growth; they are woody, polythalamous, and at most grow to be 15 mm. long and 6 mm. in diameter. The type locality of this species is Waterbury. *A. (C.) punctatus Bassett. Oak Knot Gall. Female : length nearly 4 mm. ; head and thorax black ; face pubescent, palpi light brown, tips darker, antennae reddish at the base, becoming dull dark brown beyond, 14-jointed ; thorax punc- tate, parapsidal grooves converging toward the scutel, in addi- tion to these a median longitudinal line on the dorsulum, and on each side of this latter a line extending from the pronotum to the scutel, finally two depressions or grooves, one over the base of the wings, scutel with coarse, irregular punctures; legs reddish brown, except the coxae and tips of the tarsi, which are dark brown or black ; wings hyaline, their veins brown, areolet present, radial area open; abdomen black above, reddish brown beneath, and with the exception of the first segment minutely punctate, second segment with a few hairs on the lower half. The gall of this species is a rather smooth, club-shaped, woody knot, 100 mm. long, 37 mm. in diameter at the upper and largest end, and completely encircling branches as much as 12.5 mm. in diameter. It occurs on red, black, scarlet and scrub oaks. The type locality is Waterbury. Orange, 9 January, 1914 (B. H. W.) ; Bloomfield, January, Lyme, March, Stonington, June, 1914 (I. W. Davis) ; New Haven, 19 March, 1915 (W. E. B.). *A. (C.) singularis Bassett. Small Oak Apple. Female : length nearly 4 mm. ; head black and rugose, mouth parts dark brown, antennae 13-jointed with, in some specimens, a 432 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. rather distinct indication of an additional joint, antennae slightly dusky yellow ; thorax black, sparsely pubescent, coarsely punc- tate or pitted, with three distinct longitudinal grooves above; wings dusky throughout but not clouded and with dark reddish brown veins that disappear before reaching the margin, areolet equiangular ; legs with the anterior pair as well as the middle pair dusky yellow, the posterior pair dusky brown ; abdomen red, of a dull brick red color, after having been in alcohol, its second seg- ment with a few scattered hairs beneath the wings, and a little less than half the length of the whole abdomen, the remaining segments microscopically punctate. Male : somewhat smaller than the female, otherwise differing as follows: antennae approximately 3 mm. long or equal to the length of the body, and darker than in the female, composed of 16 more or less distinct joints ; legs dark brown, posterior pair nearly black, all shining; abdomen black and shining, reddish beneath, second segment partially covering the succeeding one. There is some question as to whether the above described male belongs to this species or not; both sexes, however, were bred at the same time from similar galls on the leaves of Qurcus rubra, the red oak. The type locality of this species is Waterbury, 10 July. *A. (C.) saccularis Bassett. Length 2.5 mm. ; head black, vertex rugose, face with white hairs; antennae 15-jointed, reddish brown at the base, dusky brown at the tip, first joint cup-shaped, second globular, third twice as long as the first and second combined, fourth and remaining joints each half as long as the third; thorax black, mesothorax coarsely wrinkled, dorsulum with entire parapsidal grooves that are rather indistinct anteriorly, two parallel lines extending half-way to the scutel, and a line over the base of the wings, these latter nearly uniting with the parapsidal grooves anteriorly, scutel wrinkled, with foveae ; posterior legs dark reddish brown, lighter at the joints than elsewhere, anterior legs lighter, claws simple ; wings with slightly fuscous membrane and uniformly dark smoky brown veins, areolet present, cubitus reaching to the first transverse vein, radial area open ; abdomen shining black. No. 22.] HY,MENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 433 Gall hemispherical, pouch-like, the largest not more than 4.5 mm. in diameter, attached by its base to the under side of the leaves of Quercus coccinea. *A. (C.) pustulatoides Bassett. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; head and thorax^ dark brownish red, almost black; antennae 13-jointed, third joint hardly longer than the first and second combined, fourth not quite as long as the third, fifth to twelfth subequal, thirteenth one-fourth longer than the preceding and with a suggestion of a suture near the tip ; mesothorax reticulated and with some scattered hairs, parapsidal grooves present, in addition on the dorsulum parallel lines extend- ing half-way from the pronotum to the scutel and lines over the base of the wings, scutel pointed, finely roughened and with smooth shallow foveae; anterior and middle legs light yellowish brown, posterior pair much darker, claws simple ; wings hyaline, veins mostly colorless, areolet present but indistinct, radial area open ; abdomen shining yellowish brown, lightest anteriorly, the second segment nearly concealing the remaining ones. This species gives rise to blister-like galls on the points of the acute lobes of the leaves of Quercus coccinea. Each gall is ovate-acuminate, 8.5 mm. in diameter, sometimes slightly de- pressed above, with thin walls enclosing a free, oblong-oval, thin- walled, larval cell, the length of which is at least twice its diam- eter, of the same color as the leaf and tipped with a long hair- like point. The type locality is Waterbury. *A. (C.) futilis Osten Sacken. A. papillatus Osten Sacken. Oak Wart Gall. Length 1.5 mm.; mostly black; mouth slightly reddish, palpi, antennas and legs mostly yellow, coxae blackish at base, posterior femora slightly infuscated above; thorax smooth, indistinctly aciculated, scutel somewhat punctate; wings clear, veins brown- ish yellow, areolet present, cubitus mostly distinct, obsolescent only at its base; antennae 15-jointed, third joint a little longer than the following joints, all of which are nearly equal to one another in length ; abdomen shining, the second segment longest and covering nearly all of the succeeding segments. This is said to be one of the most common gall insects in Connecticut. Its galls are rounded and project from both sides 28 434 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. of the leaves of the white oak (Quercus alba). The specimens described as A. papillatus were reared from galls on the leaves of the chestnut oak (Quercus prinus). The type locality is Waterbury. *A. (C.) ceropteroides Bassett. Female : length 2 mm. ; head shining blackish brown, with minute hairs, vertex finely wrinkled ; antennae 13- jointed, first and second joints nearly equal in size, the third one-fourth shorter than the first and second combined, the fourth nearly as long as the third, the following nearly equal to one another in length, all dull brownish red, darkest toward the apex ; thorax black, shining, evenly transversely wrinkled, pleurae and pronotum punctate, parapsidal grooves converging from the pronotum to the scutel, between the parapsidal grooves two parallel lines extending half-way between the pronotum and the scutel, in addition on the dorsulum a line over the base of each wing, these lines all rather indistinct, scutel smoother than the mesonotum, f oveae present ; legs dark brown ; wings hyaline, veins seemingly wanting; abdomen brown, smooth and shining. The galls of this species appear at the base of the annual growths of the shoots of Quercus tinctoria. The type locality for this gall-fly is Crescent Beach, Bran- ford. A. (C.) clavula Osten Sacken. White Oak Club Gall. According to Bassett this species produces the gall described by Fitch as Cynips quercus-arbos (see Ceroptres tuber). The galls of this species occur on white oak {Quercus alba). Solenozopheria Ashmead. S. vaccinii Ashmead. Huckleberry Gall. Female : length 2 mm. ; pale yellowish brown ; minutely wrinkled but shining; antennae 12-jointed, gradually and slightly thickened toward tips, the terminal two-thirds infuscated ; dor- sulum with parapsidal grooves that are more distinct posteriorly than anteriorly, scutel convex, with a curved depression at base, finely rugoso-punctate ; tibiae and posterior femora infuscated with a darker shade of brown on their upper edges; wings hya- line, radial area open, cubitus obsolete, veins pale brown, the first transverse vein margined with a faint yellowish stain, a No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 435 slight yellowish stain in the break in the second longitudinal vein, and the areolet and base of the radial cells all inclosed in this yellowish stain or cloud ; abdomen with the terminal seg- ments brown. The galls of this species are irregular, kidney-shaped, pithy, occur on the stems of huckleberry (Vaccinum), and range in diameter from 12 mm. to less and in length from 12 to 25 mm. or more. Stonington, March, 1906 (W. E. B.). Diastrophus Hartig. D. cuscutaeformis Osten Sacken. Blackberry Seed Gall. PI. vi, Fig. 1. Body mostly dark brown or black; antennae reddish, 14-jointed in the female and seemingly 15-jointed in the male; legs red- dish ; areolet wanting ; wings mostly hyaline, with a brown cloud near the anterior margin on the angle formed by the second trans- verse vein and the tip of the subcostal vein. The individual galls of this species are round, spherical, hollow bodies about the size of small peas, and bristling with spines. They are very characteristically massed together, the masses com- pletely encircling the stem or branch of the blackberry on which they occur. Has been found in Hartford, April, 1901 (L. F. Colton), Stonington, 1907 (B. H. W.), and Mystic, 12, 14 March, 1915 (I. W. Davis) ; and no doubt occurs all over the state on black- berry, especially Rubus villosus. Torymus, Ormyrus, Tetrasti- chus and Euryioma diastr,ophi have all been bred from galls of this species. D. nebulosus Osten Sacken. Blackberry Knot Gall. PI. vi, Fig. 2. Female 2.5 mm. long; male 2 mm. long; pitch-black, smooth and polished above, antennae reddish, 13-jointed in the female and 14-jointed in the male; legs reddish; wings hyaline, areolet distinct, second transverse vein and tip of subcostal vein slightly clouded. The galls of this species are rather cylindrical swellings with an uneven surface, occurring on blackberry stems. The cells con- tained within the gall are surrounded by a homogeneous struc- ture that becomes very hard when dry. These swellings, which 43^ CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. encircle the twigs or stems on which they occur, are from 25 to 75 mm. in length or even longer. This species no doubt occurs throughout the state especially on Rubus villosus. Woodbridge, 13 May, 1907 (W. E. B.), Mystic, 3 March, 1915 (I. W. Davis). *D. potentillae Bassett. Cinquefoil Axil Gall. Female: length nearly 3 mm.; very like the male, differing essentially only as follows: antennae 13-jointed, ocelli arranged as though along a straight line; legs somewhat darker. Male: length approximately 2.7 mm. ; head black, vertex nearly smooth, face finely scratched and with a carina extending from the vertex to the mouth, mouth parts faintly tinged with reddish brown, antennae 14- jointed, the first, second and third joints black, the following joints dark cinnamon, the third joint not deeply incised ; thorax black, pronotum hairy, mesothorax shining, parapsidal grooves originating at the pronotum and converging toward the scutel, the space between these two parapsidal grooves nearly smooth and hairless and with faint longitudinal grooves, scutel sculptured and with basal pits, when viewed laterally appearing as a cone the axis of which is at an angle of 45 ° to the axis of the body; legs very dark brown or black, coxae black, femora and tibiae yellowish brown above, tips of tarsi black or nearly black ; pleurae very finely scratched ; wings pale dusky, veins dis- tinct but not extending to the margin of the wings, the vein forming the base of the radial area with a heavy brown blotch, first transverse vein reddish brown, areolet present, radial area open, cubitus disappearing before attaining the first transverse vein; abdomen petiolate, perfectly smooth and shining black, the second and third segments connate. The galls of this species occur on Potentilla canadensis and have the following characteristics: about 7.5 to 15 mm. in diam- eter, rather longer than thick, growing in the axilis of the leaves, of a soft spongy consistency when dry, and with a single cell inside that is not free from the surrounding substance. Type locality: Waterbury. *D. similis Bassett. Female : length 3 mm. ; head black, vertex finely roughened, ocelli nearly arranged as though along a straight line, face rough- ened and carinate, mandibles black; antennae 13-jointed, second joint half fcs long as the first, third to twelfth joints inclusive No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA GF CONNECTICUT. 437 f equal to one another in length, the terminal joint one-third longer than the preceding and with a faint trace of a suture encircling the same, the head posteriorly hairy ; thorax black and shining, finely sculptured, parapsidal grooves smooth and strongly con- vergent at the scutel, which latter is unevenly rugose and provided with foveas separated by a smooth ridge ; legs uniformly reddish brown except the claws which are black, the middle of the pos- terior side of the hindmost legs with a dense tuft of hair much longer than in the other legs ; wings hyaline, veins pale yellowish brown, areolet as well as the dark spot that usually represents the same wanting, cubitus reaching only half-way to the first trans- verse vein, radial area open; abdomen black and shining, first, second and third segments above subequal, the first segment with a round dense tuft of hair on the side, sheath of the ovipositor not exserted. The galls of this species occur on Nepeta glechoma, and are either simple or compound, appearing on the leaves, petioles or stems ; the simple ones are round, vary in size from 3 to 18 mm. in diameter, and contain from 1 to 6 or more larval cells; the compound galls are irregular in size and form and have two or more distinct clusters of cells within them. The specimens from which this species was first described were cut from the galls 23 October, 1879, presumably from galls taken in the vicinity of Waterbury. The insects thus found were living, which seems to indicate that this species passes the winter in the galls. The type locality of this species is probably Waterbury. *D. radicum Bassett. Raspberry Root Gall. Female: length nearly 3 mm.; head black and smooth, face with hairs that converge toward the mouth; antennae 13-jointed, the joints distinct, hairy and nearly equal to one another in length, brownish yellow and not shining ; mesonotum shining black and smooth, with parapsidal grooves, two median lines, and a short line on each side over the base of each anterior wing, scutel black, rather regularly grooved and ridged, foveate, the fovea? finely rugose; wings somewhat dusky, veins dark red, areolet distinct, radial area open, the second transverse vein extending along the margin of the wing one-third the length of the area, radial vein thickened at the margin of the wing and usually with 438 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. a branch springing therefrom along the margin of the radial area, showing a tendency toward a closing at the radial area; legs clear and dark amber color, base of trochanters and middle of femora and tibiae shining brown ; abdomen mostly black, smooth, and with the ventral sheath clear shining brown. Male : smaller than the female and essentially different otherwise as follows: antennas 14-jointed, third joint deeply incised, the antennae and the legs slightly darker than in the female, length 2.2 mm. The galls of this species are to be found on the roots of Rubus villosus and have the following characteristics : shape irregular, size ranging from that of the pea to 50 mm. or more in length and nearly 25 mm. in diameter, few or many larvas within according to size. Sometimes the galls are present on the portion of the stalk which is below the ground. The type locality for this species is Connecticut. *D. minimus Bassett. Female: length 1.5 mm.; mostly black; antennas 13-jointed, first and second ovate, the third straight, the following joints uniform in length ; thorax smooth and shining, parapsidal grooves closely converging toward the scutel, which latter has a finely and regularly rugose surface and a shining fovea ; wings faintly dusky, veins very dark and distinct, areolet subobsolete, cubitus reaching the first transverse vein, radial area open, second trans- verse vein especially dark and distinct; legs pale reddish brown; abdomen smooth and shining. Male: length 1.2 mm.; antennas 14-jointed; legs rather lighter yellowish brown than in the female, in nearly all other particulars like the female. The galls of this species occur as globular or oval blisters arising abruptly between the nodes of the stems of Potentilla, are often more than 1.5 mm. in diameter, aire dark, smooth, and contain one or two larval cells. Connecticut is probably the type locality of this insect. D. bassetti Beutenmiiller. Male: length 4 mm.; body jet-black, shining; head with a number of shallow punctures from each of which grows a yellow- ish hair, mouth-parts pitchy brown, antennas testaceous, 13-jointed the first joint much thicker at the apex than at the base, second joint almost globular and nearly half as long as the first, which No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 439 latter is shorter than the third, which in turn becomes slightly thicker toward its apex, fourth to sixth joints about the same in size and shorter than the third, the remaining joints somewhat smaller but uniform in size, apical joint rosebud-shaped, antennae sparingly covered with yellowish hair; thorax smooth and shin- ing, parapsidal grooves present, scutel less shining than the rest of the thorax and deeply corrugated in much the same manner as the sides and extreme anterior portion of the thorax ; legs testaceous. The galls of this species occur on the stems of wild dew- berry, Rubus villosus {canadensis). New Haven, 9 May, 1907 (B. H. W.). D. niger Bassett. Female : length 2 mm. ; entirely black and shining ; head finely punctate, antennas 13-jointed, first and second joints reddish brown, all except the second of equal length ; thorax smooth and shining, dorsulum with only the parapsidal grooves present and bounded behind by a sharp transverse ridge, scutel rugose, hardly bifoveate though there is a scarcely discernible line dividing the large shining basal pit; legs brown; wings hyaline, veins dark, first and second transverse veins distinct, radial area open and with a dark cloud at its base, areolet wanting, cubitus distinct and thickest where it joins the first transverse vein ; abdomen shining black, the sheath of the ovipositor translucent brown. The galls occur on Potentilla canadensis, differ greatly in form and size, the smallest being round or oval and not larger than the smallest pepper seed, and containing not more than one or two larval cells, the largest being 25 mm. long and 6 mm. in diameter, involving the whole stem, and containing a dozen or more larval cells. When the large galls include a joint of the plant the former is enlarged with the rest of the plant but the axillary buds are not affected. D. turgidus Bassett. Female : length 3 mm. ; head black and shining, antennas red- dish brown, 13-jointed, the joints nearly equal in length, the upper portion of the face roughened, the lower portion with fine grooves converging toward the mouth ; mesothorax smooth and shining black, parapsidal grooves present, the lines between the latter to be seen only in a favorable light, faint linear depres- 440 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. sions, one on each side, over the bases of the anterior wings, scutel finely wrinkled and with deep smooth foveas, pleurae finely striate ; wings dusky, veins distinct, areolet sometimes obsolete, radial area open, radial vein reaching to the first transverse vein, second transverse vein spreading out at the base of the radial area into a dark reddish brown cloud; legs dark amber color, except the trochanters and the middle of the femora and tibiae, all of which are clear dark brown ; abdomen black and smooth, but with the ventral sheath reddish brown. What is believed to be the male of this species has the legs darker, the antennae 14-jointed and the third joint deeply incised. The gall is 25 mm. long, 18 mm. thick, and occurs as an abrupt swelling involving the whole circumference of the stalk of Rubus strigosus. The gall is pecked by birds and the legiti- mate inmates of the gall are attacked by many parasites. Rhodites Hartig. R. bicolor Harris. Spiny Rose Gall. Thorax opaque, furrows between the parapsidal grooves appearing as distinct ridges when viewed obliquely, scutel deeply rugose, pleura with hardly any representation of a glossy spot but almost uniformly sculptured throughout; second transverse vein with a light projection at about its middle in the radial area, the veins forming the anterior angle of the areolet and the part of the cubital vein before the areolet often subobsolete, close by the posterior angle of the areolet a pale brown line like a stump of a vein. Female : length nearly or exactly 4 mm. ; with a brown- ish cloud on the radial area of the wings ; legs, except at bases of coxae reddish ; abdomen reddish. Male : almost exactly as long as the female, mostly black' legs reddish, except coxae, which are black; wings rather clouded along the distinct veins and with two conspicuous clouds in the apical area. The galls of this species occur singly or in clusters of three or four, the galls themselves are 9 to 10 mm. in diameter and covered with spine-like processes nearly as long as the diameter of the gall itself. It is said to be the commonest rose gall. Stonington, 26 July, 1906 (J. A. Hyslop) ; New Haven, 24 January, 191 1 (A. B. C, B. H. W.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 44I R. ignotus Osten Sacken. Mealy Rose Gall. PI. vi, Fig. 3. Female : length 3.5 mm. ; legs, including coxse and abdomen, reddish. Male : length 3 to ^.2 mm. ; mostly black, coxse and base of femora black, rest of legs red. New Haven, on Rosa Carolina; Woodbridge, 12 May, 1907 (W. E. B.). R. dichlocerus Harris. Long Rose Gall. Female : length 3.5 mm. ; mostly brownish red, antennae black, except the first, second and third joints, which are entirely or mostly red. Male : length 2.5 mm. ; mostly black, base of abdo- men red. The galls of this species are hard, woody, irregular swellings about 50 mm. long and about 12 mm. in diameter, occurring on the branches of Rosa Carolina. Mystic, 6 March, 1915 (I. W. Davis). R. radicum Osten Sacken. Rose Root Gall. Mostly black, abdomen sometimes brownish, first and second joints of the antennae sometimes reddish brown, mandibles red- dish. Female : length nearly 4 mm. ; coxae dark reddish, except at the base, where they are black. Male : length nearly 3.5 mm. ; coxae black. The galls of this species are rounded, warty, smooth on the outside, contain numerous cells that are separated by pithy material, and occur on the roots of wild roses. R. rosae Linnaeus. Mossy Rose Gall. PL vi, Fig. 5. Female : length 3-4 mm. ; mostly black, mandibles reddish ; legs reddish, except coxae and tips of tarsi, which are black ; wings pale brownish, with a brown cloud on the radial area and its vicinity ; pleurae with two oblong shining areas ; abdomen reddish, except the four last segments, which are black. Male: mostly black. The galls of this species are moss-like masses consisting of hard cells covered with long and dense greenish filaments, the cells arranged around a branch of rose or blackberry. Westville, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; Mystic, 3 March, 19 15 (I. W. Davis). °R. vernus Osten Sacken. Knotty Rose Gall. Mostly black. Female : length nearly 4 mm. ; abdomen mostly red ; legs reddish, except the bases of the coxae, which are black ; wings tinged with brown and with a more or less distinct cloud on the radial area and its surroundings. Male : length 2.5 to 442 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. nearly 3 mm. ; legs reddish, except the coxae which are black, and the femora which are brownish; wings hyaline. The gall of this species occurs on Rosa lucida. R. lenticularis Bassett. Rose Lentil Gall. Female: length 2 mm.; head black, first three joints of the antennae dark reddish brown, the rest dull black, first and second joints globular, third half again as long as the fourth, the latter slightly longer than the succeeding one ; thorax black, mesonotum not shining, parapsidal grooves distinct with only faint lines between, pleurae shining in the middle, scutel finely wrinkled ; legs dark reddish brown ; wings subhyaline, with a faint reddish cloud on and around the radial area, veins distinct, areolet present. Male : with wings more nearly hyaline and without any trace of cloudiness ; nearly as long as the female. The galls of this species are lentil-shaped, occur in the parenchyma of the leaves of Rosa lucida, are apparent on both the upper and the under side of the leaf, and are from 2.5 to 4 mm. in diameter horizontally and 2 mm. in diameter vertically. Usually the galls are confluent, irregular in outline, sometimes single, in some cases covering the entire leaf, while in other instances only the right or left lobe is bedecked. ibaliid;e. Ibalia Latreille. The characters for this genus are the same as those given for the family to which it belongs. °I. ensiger Norton. Female mostly black with reddish abdomen, ovipositor two- thirds the length of the abdomen and concolorous with the same ; legs black and shining, except the apical joints of the tarsi, which are obscurely reddish ; wings hyaline, apices translucent blackish. I. maculipennis Haldeman. Female: 14 mm. long; mostly yellow; mesothorax and meta- thorax black except two longitudinal bands above and a spot beneath the wings ; scutel yellow ; apices of antennae, bases of coxae, middle of anterior and middle femora and greater part of posterior femora, black, posterior tibiae blackish toward apex; wings yellowish, with the apex and a central spot infuscated. New Haven, 8 May, 191 1 (A. B. C), 24 September, 1913 (W. E. B.), 25 May, 8 June, 191 5 (M. P. Zappe) ; Lyme, 4 July, 1911 (A. B. C). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 443 CHALCIDOIDEA.* Fig. 11. Phasgonophora sulcata. NOMENCLATURE OF WING PARTS IN THE DRAWING OF PHASGONOPHORA SULCATA. OLD SYSTEM. Submarginal vein . Marginal vein . Postmarginal vein . Stigmal vein . COMSTOCK-NEEDHAM SYSTEM. Sc+R+M Sc2+Ri (1st abscissa or part) Sca+Rt (2d abscissa or part) r (radial cross vein) *In the compilation of this superfamily liberal quotations have been taken from the works of Doctors Wm. H. Ashmead and L. O. Howard, Mr. J. C. Crawford has looked over the copy and suggested important changes that have been adopted. 444 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Afe/&/70/t//77 r- — ofct/Ze/- — *■) / /=>ro/ooc/eo'/77 ft-epec/t/s £jO//77efL077 Fig. 12. Thorax of Syntomaspis. Afe/qoA 7uny7 Key to Families. 1. Hind wings not linear, not pedunculate at base; ovipositor issuing far in front of tip of abdomen; antenna? elbowed, and with one, two, or three ring-joints, very rarely without ring-joints 2 Hind wings linear, pedunculate at base; ovipositor usually issuing just in front of tip of abdomen; antennae in female most frequently terminating in a distinct fusiform or egg- shaped, solid club, more rarely in a two-jointed club MYMARID.E p. 446 2. Tarsi 4- or 5-jointed, fore tibiae armed with a large curved spur; antenna usually many jointed 3 Tarsi usually 4-jointed, rarely 3-jointed; very rarely heterom- erous; fore tibia? with a delicate short straight spur; antennae usually with few joints; antennae at most Q-jointed 15 3. Hind femora much swollen 4 Hind femora not greatly enlarged 5 4. Fore wings, when at rest, folded longitudinally; ovipositor curved over dorsum of abdomen LEUCOSPIDyE p. 528 Fore wings never folded; ovipositor not curved over dorsum of abdomen CHALCIDIDyE p. 526 5. Thorax strongly developed, much arched and deeply punctate 6 Thorax not strongly developed 7 6. Stigmal vein not developed; second abdominal segment en- ^ closing other segments EUCHARID^: p. 525 Stigmal vein developed; abdominal segments visible PERILAMPID.*: p. 524 NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 445 7. Pronotum large; antennae many jointed; notauli complete.. 8 Pronotum small, frequently not visible in the middle; anten- nae usually with few joints 9 8. Body not metallic; sides of scutel almost straight EURYTOMID^E p. 517 Body metallic; sides of scutel curved CALLIMOMID^E p. 512 9. Mesosternal pleurae not visible; mid legs long, saltatorial, with a very long tibial spur 10 Mesosternal pleurae distinct; mid legs not saltatorial, first tarsal joint not swollen 12 10. Antennae more than 6-jointed 11 Antennae 6-jointed; marginal vein about as long as subcostal vein SIGNIPHORID^E p. 506 11. Antennae 13-jointed; occipital margin of vertex rounded EUPELMID.E p. 507 Antennae 11-jointed; occipital margin of vertex usually acute; notauli obliterated ENCYRTID^ p. 491 12. Antennae 12- or 13-jointed 13 Antennae 8-jointed; notauli distinct; middle tibial spur moderately long APHELINIDyE p. 487 13. Antennae 12-jointed 14 Antennae 13-jointed, with two ring-joints and three joints to the club; occipital line incomplete pteromalid;e p. 468 14. Abdomen distinctly petiolate; occipital line complete SPALANGIID.E p. 484 Abdomen almost sessile; pronotum scarcely visible in the middle, submarginal vein subangulate, stigmal club often large, notauli distinct; funicle of antennae 5-jointed TRIDYMID.E p. 486 15. Tarsi 4-jointed 16 Tarsi 3-jointed; pubescence of wings arranged linearly.... TRICHOGRAMMID^ p. 449 16. Submarginal vein entire, furnished with many bristles, post- marginal distinct; hind tibiae sometimes with two spurs.... 17 Submarginal vein broken, postmarginal sometimes wanting; hind tibiae with one spur; male antennae simple 19 17. Abdomen sessile or with a distinct petiole that is transverse and smooth; notauli either absent or else represented only by very slight impressions 18 Abdomen usually with a distinct petiole; notauli very dis- tinct; antennae inserted below middle of face, simple in male ELACHERTID/E p. 464 18. Hind coxae very large and strongly compressed; head semi- globose, front deeply, sparsely punctate; antennae fiabel- late in male ELASMID.E p. 463 Hind coxae normal; postmarginal and stigmal veins rather long; antennae often flabellate in male. .EULOPHID^E p. 460 446 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 19. Submarginal vein either ornate or provided with two bristles; metapleurae very small; scutel with two bristles near the middle .ENTEDONTID^E p. 455 Submarginal vein with from one to five bristles; meta- pleurae triangular, not small; postmarginal vein usually ab- sent; scutel with four bristles, all behind the middle, often with two longitudinally impressed lines; abdomen sessile TETRASTICHID.E p. 451 MYMARIDyE. To this family belong some of the smallest of insects. All of its species, so far as known, are parasites in the eggs of other insects. Key to Genera. 1. Tarsi 4-jointed 2 Tarsi 5-jointed , 3 2. Abdomen distinctly petiolate; female with its antennal club not jointed, but solid; marginal vein punctiform; antennae 9-jointed; marginal vein in male as in female; antennae in male 13-jointed Polynema p. 446 Abdomen sessile or subsessile; marginal vein lengthened; an- tennae 9-jointed in female, 12-jointed in male. .Anaphes p. 447 3. Abdomen not petiolate 4 Abdomen petiolate; antennae 9-jointed in female, 10-jointed in male Camptotera p. 448 4. Females 5 Males 8 5. Antennae with more than eight joints 7 Antennae 8-jointed 6 6. Marginal vein long Leimacis p. 448 Marginal vein short Alaptus p. 448 7. Antennae 9-jointed ; marginal vein long Litus Antennae n-jointed; marginal vein short . . . . Gonatocerus p. 449 8. Marginal vein short 10 Marginal vein long 9 9. Antennae n-jointed Leimacis p. 448 Antennae 13-jointed Litus 10. Antennae 10-jointed Alaptus p. 448 Antennae 13-jointed Gonatocerus p. 449 Polynema Haliday. Cosmocoma Foerster. °P. howardi Ashmead. Cosmocoma elegans Howard. Male : length 0.9 mm. ; antennae distinctly longer than the body, pedicel bulbous, much broader than the succeeding joint; NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 447 body mostly shining black; scape and pedicel brown, rest of antennae black; all tarsi entirely light honey-yellow, except the apical joint, which is blackish, as are the veins of the wings. Parasitic on scale insects of the genus Kermes. Anaphes Haliday. A. (Anaphoidea) conotracheli Girault. Female: average length 0.55 mm.; differing from the male chiefly as follows : first and second joints of antennae pale yellow ; abdomen longer, cylindric-oval, glabrous, black, its anal segment hairy ; ovipositor slightly exserted ; mouth area yellowish, the mandibles, however, brown ; antennae pubescent, not as long as the body, first joint curved and twice as long as the second, more slender than the corresponding joint in the male, second and third each globate, the latter abruptly smaller, fourth colum- nar, fifth to eighth cylindric-oval, subequal, apical joint much longer, larger, and ovate. Male : average length 0.48 mm. ; body black, shining ; legs (except most of the middle of the femora, portions of the tibiae, and tips of the tarsi, all of which are darker), apical two-thirds of scape, and venation pale yellowish or stramineous; antennae and legs with whitish pubescence; head wider than the thorax and with sparse whitish hairs, minutely striate, ocelli inconspicu- ous, mandibles yellowish brown, falcate, bidentate at tips ; thorax convex, longer than the head and abdomen combined, irregularly striate, dorsum of mesothorax with a deep round fovea on each side near the insertion of the wings; abdomen subglobate, its dorsum hispid ; venation of wings pale, indistinct ; antennae longer than the body, funicle filiform, hirsute, first joint curved, convex, subreniform, second globate, third to twelfth cylindrical, sub- equal in length, becoming gradually longer toward the apex of the funicle, third and fourth joints thicker than the following. Parasitic on the eggs of the plum curculio {Conotrachelus nenuphar) . Berlin (W. E. B.). °A. gracilis Howard. Female : length 0.7 mm. ; antennae as long as the head and thorax combined, fourth to eighth joints gradually increasing in length and thickness, apical joint or club as long as the eighth 448 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. to eleventh joints combined, somewhat pointed at apex, mostly dark brown, nearly black; antennae rather light brown, club darker ; all legs dark brown, lighter at joints, tarsi lighter ; base of abdomen yellowish ; wing- veins dusky. This is listed as a parasite of the oyster-shell scale, Lepido- saphes ulmi (Mytilaspis pomorum). Camptotera Foerster. °C. clavata Provancher. Female : length 2 mm. ; mostly black, highly polished ; antennae and legs orange-yellow ; antennae inserted upon a frontal ledge. Leimacis Foerster. Limacis Dalla Torre. °L. aspidioticola Ash mead. Head and thorax light reddish ; head nearly as wide as the thorax, apical joint of antennae club-shaped ; a dark spot on thorax at base of each wing; wings hyaline, both fore and hind wings ciliated from end of costal vein, no other visible veins, a small dark reddish spot on fore wings at tip of costal vein; end of abdomen darker brown than the thorax, two oblong brown spots on each side of the abdomen ; legs rufo-stramineous ; ovi- positor scarcely exserted. Parasitic upon Glover's scale, Lepidosaphes (Mytilaspis) gloveri. The larvae upon hatching feed upon the eggs of the host. Alaptus Haliday. °A. aleurodis Forbes. Female : length about 1 mm. ; mostly black and shining ; an- tennae as long as the body, scape arcuate, reaching to the top of the head, and about as long as the three succeeding joints com- bined, nearly smooth, as is also the second joint, remaining joints densely hairy, club not jointed, as long as the three preceding joints combined, first joint obconic, second about the same length as the first but narrower ; abdomen alutaceous ; head and thorax punctate ; antennae yellow ; legs mostly yellow, femora and tibiae of the mid and hind legs black, their tarsi yellow. Bred from Alcurodes aceris. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 449 Gonatocerus Nees. °G. anthonomi Girault. Female : average length 0.85 mm. ; head and thorax pitch- black; abdomen suffused with brown, piceous along the sides and toward apex, its basal segment lighter, front of head with a distinct inverted V-shaped pale mark, reaching from a point on the vertex to the lower inner margin of the eye; eye margins pale ; thorax with an oblique longitudinal pale streak ; legs honey- yellow, except the whole of the middle of the femora, the hind femora, coxae, portions of the basal joint of the trochanters, and almost, if not quite, the whole of the middle and hind tibiae, all of which exceptions are blackish, tips of tarsi darker ; antennae dull reddish brown, and with some black, except the scape and pedicel, which are yellowish, partly tinged with blackish; thorax impunctate, faintly shagreened, about as broad as the abdomen; the latter pointed, the first segment faintly striate and with a round fovea at base ; wings with a purplish hue, venation dusky yellowish; scape as. long as the following four joints combined; pedicel oval, much longer than the succeeding joint, third, fourth and fifth joints shortest, sub-equal, fifth slightly longer. Male: length 0.81 mm.; scape longer than the following joint; other- wise nearly as in the female. Presumably bred from the eggs of Anthonomus quadrigibbus in the fruit of Crat&gus. trichogrammim:. Anterior wings with regular rows of hairs ; submarginal vein reaching the costa, Parasitic in the eggs of the several orders of insects. Key to Genera. Antenna: 3-, 5-, or 8-jointed Trichogramma p. 449 Antennae 7-jointed, with one ring-joint and a 4-jointed club Lathromeris p. 451 Trichogramma Westwood. °T. ceresarum Ashmead. Female : length nearly 1 mm. ; mostly reddish yellow ; abdomen and hind femora fuscous, fore and mid femora pale brown, tibiae and tarsi pale, thorax triangular in front ; abdomen wider but not 29 450 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. longer than the thorax; wings hyaline, with very strong violet reflections. • Reared from the eggs of Ceresa bubalus. °T. intermedium Howard. Female : somewhat smaller and not quite so dark as the male ; in life honey-yellow; abdomen in life pale, banded transversely with dusky; legs and antennae in life greenish olive, apical two- fifths of tarsi fuscous. Male : length 0.55 mm. ; mostly dirty yellow; face bright yellow, antennae slightly dusky; mesonotum light yellowish gray, metanotum yellow ; abdomen above slightly darker than mesonotum; all coxae dusky, hind femora slightly dusky above, rest of legs dull yellowish; wings with a slight cloud below submarginal vein, the nearly straight line of hairs extending downward from tip of stigma consisting of five hairs, the first one sometimes included in the stigmal club, leaving only four in the row. Reared from the eggs of Aglais milberti and (Nisoniades) Thanaos lucilius. Other hosts are: (Danais) Anosia plexippus, (Grapta) Polygonia interrogationis, and CEneis macounii. °T. flavum Ashmead. Female : length 1 mm. ; head wider than thorax, brownish ; antennae 5- jointed, yellowish red, first joint longer than second and third combined, and narrower than second ; third and fourth joints equal in length, narrower than second, apical joint as long as second, third and fourth combined and much wider, claviform ; thorax and abdomen mostly bright yellow, thorax reddish where it joins the abdomen; first to fifth abdominal segments with some brownish color around the spiracles; wings hyaline; legs paler, but uniform in color, tarsi 5-jointed. Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan scale, Lecanium hesperidum. T. (Pentarthron) minutum Riley. T. minutissimum Pack- ard. T. pretiosum Riley. T. odontota Howard. Length about 0.3 mm.; mostly yellow; head wider than thorax; antennae 5-jointed, third and fourth joints in the female forming an ovate mass which is shorter than the second joint, fifth joint obliquely truncate, third, fourth and fifth joints in the male forming a more or less distinct club; hairs of the wings arranged in about fifteen lines; abdomen not as wide as the No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 45 1 thorax, but as long as the head and thorax together; in the fe- male the sides subparallel and the apical segment suddenly nar- rowed to a point. Reared from eggs of Aletia argillacea and Odontota suturalis. Other hosts are: Plusia brassicce, Heliothis armigera, Papilio glaucus, (Pyrameis) Vanessa atalanta, (Limenitis) Basilarchia archippus, and (Pteronus) Pteronidea ribesi. Lathromeris Foerster. °L. cicadae Howard. Female : length 0.74 mm. ; antennas clavate, pedicel stouter than the scape and about half as long as the latter, club stouter than the pedicel and as long as the scape, compact but rather plainly divided into four subequal joints, and fusiform in shape; stigmal vein extending into the wing at an angle of 45 ° from the costa and not curved ; abdomen acuminate and longer than the head and thorax combined, mostly sordid yellowish in color; occiput black; pronotum dusky black laterally; abdomen dark at sides; antennae slightly dusky. Male somewhat shorter than the female; abdomen with parallel sides and rounded at tip ; antennae with a dark blotch at base of club. Reared from the eggs of the seventeen-year locust or peri- odical cicada. This parasite passes through from two to three generations in seven to eight weeks, the egg period of its host. tetrastichim:. Key to Genera. 1. Genera differing from Hyperteles 2 Metanotum with a v-shaped median carina, more rarely with a straight median carina; mesonotum without a median grooved line; abdomen conically produced. Female: pro- notum not conical; antennae 10-jointed, with two ring- joints; abdomen two or more times longer than head and thorax combined. Male: metanotum not punctate; abdo- men neither cylindrical nor sculptured, its segments not subequal, head and thorax smooth, not strongly sculptured or closely punctate; hind wings not acutely pointed at apex; antennae g-jointed, with one ring-joint; wings fully developed; abdomen much longer than the thorax. .Hyperteles 2. Scute! with two or four furrows 3 Scutel without furrows; wings without a stigmal vein Anozus p. 452 45« CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 3. Scutel with two furrows; scape not especially thickened; $ antennae in male o-jointed, without ring-joints, in female 10-jointed, with two ring-joints and a 3-jointed club Tetrastichus p. 453 Scutel with two or four furrows; antennae 8- or 9-jointed, with one ring-joint; mesonotum without a median grooved line; abdomen rotund, shorter than thorax but wider. Female: pronotum not conical; head and thorax smooth or nearly so, at most only sparsely punctate; propodeum smooth, with a delicate median carina. Male: fully winged; black, or at least aeneous black Syntomosphyrum p. 452 Anozus Foerster. °A. siphonophorae Ashmead. Female : length 1 mm. ; black, smooth, shining1, impunctate ; front deeply emarginate, antennae black; mesothorax broader than long, parapsidal furrows deep, pleura blue-black; all coxae black, trochanters, tips of femora and tibiae, and all tarsi, yellow- ish; wings hyaline, veins pale brown, marginal vein about as long as the submarginal, postmarginal vein absent; abdomen sessile, ovate, yellowish at base. Reared from plant lice of the genus Nectarophora. ' Syntomosphyrum Foerster. °S. orgyiae Ashmead. Female : length 0.9 mm. ; mostly polished black ; scape and legs brown; the knees and tips of tibiae whitish, femora obfuscated in the middle; flagel brown, pubescent, the funicular joints scarcely longer than thick ; wings hyaline, pubescent, veins light brown ; abdomen orbicular, subsessile, much shorter but a little wider than the thorax, its segments nearly equal in length. Reared from the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampu leucostigma). S. esurus Riley. Cirrospilus esurus Riley. Length 1.5 mm.; mostly dull black; joints of flagel in male subequal in length and beset with bristles, antennae in female with the fourth and fifth joints shorter than the second and third, the last three joints forming a club; female antennae 8-jointed; male antennae 9-jointcd ; thorax above microscopically punctate, parapsidal grooves distinct and elevated; wings hyaline, pubes- cent; knees, tibiae, and tarsi yellowish, the posterior tibiae some- times dusky; abdomen ovate, sessile. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 453 Reared from pupae of Aletia argillacea, the white-marked tus- sock moth {Hemerocampa leuc o stigma) , fall web-worm Hyphan- tria cunea, and from galls of Trypeta gibbosa on Ambrosia artemisice folia. It is believed to be hyperparasitic on the Asiatic lady-bird beetle (Chilocorus sitnilis). Tetrastichus Haliday. °T. modestus Howard. Female: length I mm.; mostly shining black, with slight greenish reflections; smooth, without perceptible punctures; flagel and especially the club quite hairy, antennae brown, with whitish hairs ; mesonotum without a median longitudinal sulcus, submarginal vein with two bristles, veins very light brown; aH coxae, femora and tibiae dark brown, coxae and femora in some individuals polished black, femoro-tibial articulation and tips of all tibiae yellowish white, all tarsi yellowish white. Male differs from female only in the longer scape, and longer, more hairy flagel. Reared from cocoons of Apanteles edwardsi on (Pyrameis) Vanessa atalanta. °T. semidiae (Packard). Eulophus semidice Packard. Female and male : length 1 .85 mm. ; mostly bluish green ; antennae brown, darker in male than in female; flagel of male with many long appressed hairs; mesonotum with a median impressed longitudinal line, all tibiae and tarsi honey-yellow, all coxae dark brown, yellowish at tips, front femora dark metallic except at tips, mid and hind femora dark brown except at tips; abdomen in female a little longer than the thorax and about as broad, rounding out to the third segment, which is broadest, and thence with straight sides tapering to a point, flattened ; abdomen of male shorter and narrower than thorax, flattened and sub- oval. Reared from CEneis noma var. semidea. °T. racemariae Ashmead. Female and male : length about 2 mm. ; mostly aeneous black, smooth ; scape of antennae tawny yellow, flagel black ; coxse and femora black, trochanters and a narrow annulns near bases of tibiae piceous brown, tibiae and tarsi yellowish white; wings hyaline, veins yellowish, postmarginal vein wanting. 454 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °T. productus Riley. Female: average length 2.1 mm.; pedicel oval, flagel slightly compressed, funicle joints subequal in size, club ovate, third joint of funicle shorter than first and second, its length exceed- ing its width but slightly ; abdomen flattened dorso-ventrally, pro- longed to an acute tip. Male: average length 1.5 mm.; scape somewhat broader below, flagel flattened, hairy, each joint except club with a whorl of long, slender hairs at base, funicular joints subequal in length, rather more than twice as long as wide, head smooth and shining black, with slight metallic reflections, flagel brown; pronotum'and mesonotum smooth shining black, metano- tum, pro-, meso- and metapleurae, and all coxae above, finely punctate, shining black ; submarginal vein of front wings with a single superior bristle behind its middle, marginal vein three times as long as stigmal, postmarginal absent ; median impressed line of mesonotum very distinct, metanotal carina rather distinct; all trochanters, distal end of all femora, all tibiae and tarsi, honey- yellow, wing veins brown; abdomen compressed laterally, sub- acuminate. Listed as a parasite of the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor). °T. saundersi (Packard). Eulophus saundersi Packard. Female : length 1 mm. ; differs from semidicc as follows : abdo- men considerably shorter and thicker, scarcely longer than the thorax; antennae much shorter, joints between the second and the club longer than broad, brown and hairy; veins much paler, less distinct, trochanters brown, femora brown, pale at base and whitish at tip, tibiae and tarsi white, except tarsal joints, which are pale brown; abdomen like the rest of the body, deep blue with a greenish tinge, conic-ovate, tip not at all produced. Reared from the chrysalis of a butterfly of the genus Thecla, presumed to be edwardsi. °T. theclae (Packard). Eulophus thecla Packard. Male: length 1.28 mm.; mostly dark metallic bluish black; antennce brown, with whitish hairs ; mesonotum with a median longitudinal sulcus, submarginal vein with two bristles; all femora and coxae blue, all tibiae and tarsi yellowish white, last tarsal joint dusky; abdomen broadly ovate, as long as thorax, but broader than the same. NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 455 Reared from a chrysalis of Theda calanus. °T. caerulescens Ashmead. Female: length 1.5 mm.; mostly steel-blue; scape aeneous, flagel subclavate, brownish black, pubescent, its joints delicately fluted, funicle 3-jointed, the first joint the longest, slightly longer than the second, club fusiform, 3-jointed, a little longer than the two last joints of funicle together, and stouter; tips of femora and the tibiae and tarsi except last two joints, white, the two ter- minal joints of tarsi fuscous, the hind tibiae toward base behind with a brownish blotch or spot ; wings hyaline, veins pale brown, abdomen conic-ovate, pointed at tip, a little longer than head and thorax combined. Male: length 1.2 mm.; funicle 4-jointed; abdomen oblong-oval, cylindric, not longer than head and thorax together ; otherwise as in female. Parasitic on Habrobracon gelechice, a. primary parasite of Canorsia hammondi. T. sp. New Haven, August, 1905 (W. E. B.). Reared from Baccha fascipennis or Phenacoccus acericola. °T. sp. Reared from (Pieris) Pontia rapes, Diastrophus cuscutccfor- mis, clover-flower midge (Dasyneura legwmicola), Cratotechus orgyice, Dibrachys boucheanus. Possibly a secondary and tertiary parasite of the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leu- costigma), with Cratotechus orgyice and Dibrachys boucheanus, respectively, as hosts. ENTEDONTIDyE. Key to Genera. 1. Notauli distinct and complete 2 Notauli incomplete, at most indicated only anteriorly. Fe- male: abdomen sessile or subsessile, petiole, if present, very short, ovipositor not exserted; wings with marginal cilia, knob of stigmal vein sessile or subsessile; thorax and scutel smooth, impunctate, antennae 8-jointed, with one ring-joint, not tapering toward apex, joints of funicle sub- moniliform. Male: abdomen as in female, i. e., sessile or subsessile; wings with marginal cilia; antennae 7-jointed, or jointed as in the female Pediobius p. 458 2. Abdomen sessile or subsessile 3 Abdomen distinctly petiolate , 5 456 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 3. Antennae 10-jointed, with one ring-joint, funicle 4-jointed, club 3-jointed 4 Antennae 8-jointed, with one ring-joint; wings usually with transverse fasciae, the postmarginal vein not well devel- oped; head wider than long; flagel short, compressed, fusiform, the joints except the last wider than long Closterocerus p. 459 4. Wings hyaline, immaculate, the front wings almost glabrous, not very pubescent, the hairs arranged in more or less ir- regular lines, postmarginal vein not well developed, not or scarcely longer than the very short subsessile stigmal vein; eyes normal; the malar space distinct; head not wider than the thorax in the male; metanotum at most with only a trace of a median carina, smooth and im- punctate; abdomen conically produced, as long as or longer than the head and thorax united Omphale p. 456 Wings banded or with fuscous maculae, postmarginal vein short, the knot of the stigmal vein petiolate . .Astichus p. 457 5. Scutel without a median longitudinal grooved line 6 Scutel with a median longitudinal grooved line; antennae 9-jointed, the funicle 3-jointed in the females, 4-jointed in the males Horismenus p. 458 6. Antennae 9-jointed; scutel never smooth, always punctate, scaly-punctate or reticulate; mesothorax smooth, without lateral carinae, metanotum with a transverse carina a little before the apex Derostenus p. 456 Antennae 10-jointed, with a ring-joint; metanotum with lateral carinae and a median carina Pleurotropis p. 457 Derostenus Westwood. °D. antiopae (Packard). Entedon antiofce Packard. Scudder, Butterflies of New England, PI. 89, Fig-. 7. Male : body mostly shining black ; antenna? with a brown club and funicle; scape, pedicel and ring- joints yellow; scape cylin- drical, flagel hairy; eyes slightly emarginate, not hairy; metano- tum yellow-brown ; scutel without a median groove ; postmarginal vein distinct ; all legs yellow except perhaps the coxae, which have not been observed ; abdomen rotund, with a yellow-brown petiole. Reared from {Vanessa) Euvanessa antiopa. Omphale Haliday. °0. (Euderus) elongatus Ashmead. Female : length 2 mm. ; mostly bluish black, with dull metal- lic green, scaly thorax and scutel ; vertex of head transversely No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 457 acute and with the front deeply grooved, antennae dark brown, scape pale; parapsidal grooves very distinct; tips of tibiae and tarsi white, except the apical tarsal joints of hind legs, which are brown ; wings hyaline, veins yellowish ; abdomen sessile. Parasitic on Attelabus rhois. Pleurotropis Foerster. °P. ashmeadi Crawford. Male : length 2 mm. ; mostly cyaneous, delicately ripple- marked ; head broader than thorax, scape yellow except a dusky streak above near the apex, flagel black and hairy ; thorax slightly shorter than the abdomen ; legs mostly yellow, their coxae and femora black ; wings hyaline, with two transparent bands of brown, veins pale brownish, the postmarginal vein longer than the stigmal ; abdomen pointed ovate, its second seg- ment longest, but extending hardly to the middle of the abdo- men, sides of the abdomen with some hairs. This is listed as a tertiary parasite of the white-marked tus- sock moth (H enter ocampa leucostigma) with Dibrachys bouche- anus as host, as a possible quaternary parasite with the latter species as host, and as a quinquenary parasite of the American tent caterpillar, (Clisiocampa) Malacosoma americana. °P. albitarsis Ashmead. Female and male: length 1.5-2 mm.; mostly bluish black, in- cluding antenna: ; vertex of head aeneous and scaly ; mesothorax aeneous and scaly ; legs steel blue except tips of tarsi, which are yellowish white; wings hyaline, veins pale brown; abdomen of female pointed ovate, of male, linear. Astichus Foerster. °A. minutus Howard. Male: length 1 mm.; mostly shining black; antennae 10- jointed, light brown, head slightly punctate; surface of thorax smooth and not appreciably punctate; all femora black, light at tips ; tibiae and tarsi yellowish. Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan scale, Eulecanium persicce, which lives on peach trees. 458 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. A. tischeriae Howard. This is probably a manuscript name. The species is para- sitic on the trumpet leaf -miner of the apple {Tischeria mali- foliella) . Pediobius Walker. This genus may be found in the State. Horismenus Walker. °H. popenoei (Ashmead). Holcopelte popenoei Ashmead. Female : length 2 mm. ; head bright cupreous, punctate, flagel concolorous with the head, scape, except at tip, yellowish white; thorax punctate and bright cupreous, including the coxae ; rest of legs yellowish white ; wings hyaline, veins pale, scutel delicately scaly; abdomen bluish black, with a faint aeneous tinge at base in certain lights. Parasite or secondary parasite on the trumpet leaf-miner of the apple (Tischeria malifoliella) . °H. fraternus (Fitch). Length : 2.5 mm. ; thorax minutely shagreened, brilliant brassy green ; submarginal vein of the anterior wings black and united with the margin for two-thirds of its length, stigmal branch con- spicuously notched at its apex ; abdomen above concolorous with the thorax, its under side black. Parasite on the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa lea co stigma). °H. euplectri Howard. Female: length 1.8 mm.; mostly dark metallic green; scape white or faintly yellowish, face shagreened, postmarginal vein twice as long as the stigmal, veins dark brown ; legs white or faintly yellowish; abdomen oval acuminate, with first segment smooth and shining, slightly shagreened posteriorly, succeeding segments shagreened. Male: slightly smaller than the female; head tvith a strong coppery luster, bluish beneath, scape white, metallic blue at tip ; parapsidal grooves not continuous with the scapular grooves ; abdomen bright metallic blue, not shagreened ; otherwise mostly similar to the female. Bred from Euplectrus comstocki. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 459 Closterocerus Westwood. °C. cinctipennis Ashmead. Male : length i mm. ; mostly blue ; antennae brownish black ; pronotum, mesonotum and scutel golden green and strongly punc- tate ; legs brown, except trochanters, tips of tibiae and tarsi, which are pale or whitish ; wings hyaline except for a transverse brown band across the stigmal region and another apical trans- verse brown band. °C. trifasciatus Westwood. Length 1.6 mm.; black; thorax bluish green; front wings each with two arcuate fuscous fasciae and with the apex fuscous, or with the anterior fascia nearly obliterated ; tarsi pale at base ; abdomen chalybeous-black. This is a primary or a secondary parasite of the trumpet leaf- miner of the apple (Tischeria malif oliella). C. tricinctus Ashmead. Pleurotropis. Male: length 1.1-5 mm.; mostly indigo-blue; vertex of head with a black median band, antennae black; a median black band extending from pronotum to apex of scutel ; wings hyaline, pubes- cent, with three dusky, transverse bands, one beyond the middle, another across the stigmal region, the third at the apical border; tarsi pale. Reared from a Lithocolletis larva on sycamore. Female : length nearly 1 mm. ; head blackish beneath, metallic bluish with metallic greenish reflections above; thorax colored like the head ; legs mostly blackish or very dark, at least the hind tarsi mostly yellowish, apical joints dark brown; abdomen mostly black with bronzy reflections, ovipositor slightly exserted ; wings mostly hyaline, their basal half bounded by a faint, some- what lunate, brownish mark, their basal three-quarters bounded by a more distinct lunate brownish mark, a third lunate brown- ish mark along the apical edge of the wings. New Haven. Bred 10 February, 1904, indoors. On record in Storrs Agri- cultural Experiment Station Bulletin 45, 1906, as a parasite of the trumpet leaf-miner of the apple {Tischeria malif oliella), lay- ing its eggs on the surface of the mines. 460 CONNECTICUT GEOL AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. EULOPHIDiE. Key to Genera. 1. Abdomen petiolate; antennae inserted far below middle of the face, scape reaching no higher than ocelli; parapsidal grooves not visible, apparently wanting, scutel without dorsal impressed lines, posterior tibiae evidently with two spurs 2 Abdomen sessile; antennae in female 8-jointed without a ring- joint, or o-jointed with a ring-joint; pedicel not longer than wide, antennae in male 9-jointed, with a ring-joint; head viewed from in front longer than wide; scutel with two dorsal impressed lines or grooves. . Zagrammosoma p. 462 2. Marginal vein not three times as long as stigmal; male antennae 3-branched, rarely simple 3 Marginal vein at least three times as long as stigmal; male antennas simple, funicle 5-jointed Sympiesis p. 461 3. Thorax not robust; flagel of female antennae not compressed- fusiform, funicle of female black, of male with long branches Eulophus p. 460 Thorax very robust Cratotechus p. 460 Eulophus Geoffrey. °E. n. sp. Parasite or secondary parasite on the trumpet leaf-miner of the apple (Tischeria malifoliella). °E. sp. Host: (Pyrantels) Vanessa atalanta. Cratotechus Thomson. °C. orgyiae Fitch. Length 3 mm. ; head brassy green ; three or four times as wide as long, as broad as the thorax, appearing slightly notched in front when viewed from above; antennae mostly brown, basal joints yellow; thorax brassy green, finely shagreened, twice as long as wide, broadest across the middle, scutel golden yellow, with an elevated line on each side at its base ; legs mostly yellow- ish white, their tips black; wings mostly clear, a broad glabrous stripe extending along the inner margin of the anterior wings, veins pale ; abdomen mostly purplish black, smooth and polished, shorter than the thorax, basal segment above and beneath with an apical yellow band. Listed as a primary parasite of the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leucostlgma) . NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 461 Sympiesis Foerster. °S. nigrifemora Ashmead. S. lithocolletidis Howard MS. Female: length 2-3.5 rnm. ; mostly blue, sometimes with a greenish luster, more or less distinct on the head and thorax; antennae brownish black; legs yellowish except the black or bluish black femora, which latter may have a metallic luster, the coxae which are blue, the apical joints of the tarsi which are brown ; wings hyaline and more often nearly bare, veins pale brown ; abdomen pointed ovate, slightly longer than the head and thorax combined. Reared from balsam leaf-miner, oak leaf-miner, and trumpet leaf-miner of the apple ( Tischeria malifoliella) . °S. tischeriae Ashmead. Female: length a little less or more than 2 mm.; mostly metallic bluish green, coarsely squamose, with a few hairs; head smooth, face blue ; legs uniformly pale yellowish, except the tips of the apical tarsal joints, which are dusky; abdomen blue, with an aeneous to brassy tinge. °S. quercicola Ashmead. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; mostly blue ; antennae black ; thorax scaly, golden green above, except the metathorax, which is blue; legs yellowish white ; abdomen with a reddish streak on each side beneath. Reared from an oak leaf-miner. °S. chenopodii Ashmead. Similar to the preceding, from which it differs as follows: antennae mostly black, with a metallic tinge in certain lights, scape pale at base; thorax mostly dull metallic green, smooth and more pubescent, metathorax aeneous: legs whitish, more pubescent; wings more pubescent, stigmal and post-marginal veins brown ; abdomen aeneous. Reared from a Lithocolletis miner on Chenopodium hybridum. °S. dolichogaster Ashmead. Female: length 4 mm.; mostly blue, antennae dark brown; legs mostly pale yellowish white, apical tarsal joints brown; wings hyaline; abdomen twice as long as the head and thorax combined, acuminate. 462 CONNECTICUT GEOL AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °S. nigripes Ashmead. Female and male : length a little more than 1 to nearly 2 mm. ; mostly aeneous black ; metathorax blue, tarsi and knees dull honey- yellow, veins black or pale. Reared from the trumpet leaf-miner of the apple (Tischeria malifoliella) and a Lithocolletis on soft maple. °S. uroplatae Howard. Male : length 2.6 mm. ; mostly metallic green, yellowish be- neath; joints of flagel distinct and somewhat flattened; pronotum and mesonotum strongly shagreened, metanotum with a clearly defined, delicate, straight, median carina; hind coxae coarsely shagreened above, front femora brownish at base, the distal half of the same honey-yellow, mid and hind femora brownish, slightly metallic above, front tibiae and tarsi nearly white, mid and hind tibiae and tarsi the same as the anterior in color ex- cept a brownish tinge near base of hind tibiae ; veins of the wings dusky; abdomen ovate. Bred from a mine of Odontata (Uroplata) suturalis. Zagrammosoma Ashmead. Hippocephalus Ashmead. °Z. multilineatum Ashmead. Female: length 2.5 mm.; mostly honey-yellow; last joint of funicle and the club of the antennae brown, head with black lines as follows: a median one on the face below the insertion of the antennae, two beneath the eye and one above the latter extending transversely along the sharp edge of the vertex, two on the occi- put; thorax above with black lines as follows: two lateral ones extending the whole length of the dorsum of the thorax, a median one extending from the anterior margin to the tip of the scutel ; between the latter and the lateral lines the surface between the anterior edge of the mesonotum and the metanotum is divided by a line that meets its fellow at the median line; metanotum with curved lines and a median straight line ; wings hyaline, stigmal vein black, other veins pale ; abdomen with a median longitudinal black line from which extend about twelve curved lines of black, six on each side. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 463 Bred from the locust Lithocolletis (Lithocolletis ornatella), also from the trumpet leaf-miner of the apple (Tischeria mali- foliella), of which it is either a primary or secondary parasite. ELASMID.E. Elasmus Westwood. Tarsi 4-jointed; posterior coxae strongly compressed; head semiglobose; male antennae flabellate; submarginal vein not broken, bristly, postmarginal vein distinct, parapsidal grooves either wanting or indistinct ; abdomen petiolate, the petiole trans- verse and smooth. °E. nigripes Howard. Male: length 1.5 mm.; differs from varius in size, and as follows: scutellar spot not so vivid orange color, front coxae black, femora and tibiae earthy yellow, with many black hairs that are so numerous on the femora as to obscure the real color, tarsi dusky, mid and hind coxae, femora, tibiae and tarsi nearly black, expanse of wings 2.91 mm., greatest width of fore wing 0.27 mm. Bred from Lithocolletis gregariella. °E. varius Howard. Male: length 1.75 mm.; mostly shining black; head punctate, the impressions more separated on the face, antennae black, with light hairs ;-mesonotum covered with fine hairs and appearing as if covered with minute overlapping scales, scutel apparently smooth but really covered with fine wavy lines and hairy near its base, rounded tip of metascutel orange yellow, metascutellar ap- pendage membranous white, rest of metanotum metallic green ; front coxae black at base, rest brownish yellow, femora black, with a metallic luster, and with a longitudinal yellow line beneath, tibiae yellowish, with a dusky streak above, tarsi dark fuscous, hind coxae and femora shining black, light at joints, tibiae dirty yellow, lined above with brown, tarsi blackish; wings 3.30 mm. in expanse, greatest width of anterior wing 0.33 mm., veins dark brown ; abdomen acuminate, with some stiff black hairs at apex. Hosts of this species are: Campoplex (Ameloctonus) fugiti- vus, Apanteles hyphantrice and Meteorus xanthocephalus. 464 CONNECTICUT GEOL AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °E. pullatus Howard. Male: length 1.39 mm.; mostly shining black; antennal pits and the immediate region of the mouth parts honey-yellow; all coxae and femora black, except tips of femora, which are yellow- brown ; anterior tibiae yellowish, tarsi dusky ; mid and hind tibiae at tip yellow-brown, tarsi dark. Possibly a parasite of the trumpet leaf-miner of the apple (Tischeria malifoliella). °E. atratus Howard. Female: length 1.6 mm.; mostly black and shining; face and vertex with punctures; antennae with joints of funicle subequal in length and about as long as wide, club slightly flattened ; pro- notum and mesonotum regularly scaly, with some hairs, scutel finely shagreened and shining, pleurae and hind coxae shining, the latter finely scratched, thorax with a faint metallic luster; front and middle tibiae dusky, rather lighter at base; abdomen smooth, rather longer than the head and thorax combined. Male: differs from female only as follows: antennal branches dusky and reaching to base of club. Parasitic on Apanteles hyphantrjce, A. delicatus and (Limneri- um) Campoplex (?) validus. °E. tischeriae Howard. Female: differs from varius as follows: scape of antennre light yellow ; metanotum metallic green ; front coxae dirty white, tibiae and tarsi the same, mid and hind coxae nearly black, honey- yellow at either end ; veins slightly dusky, not dark brown ; abdo- men with its first segment metallic green, with a continuous longi- tudinal black stripe above, rest of abdomen honey-yellow. Bred from larvae of Tischeria solidaginifoliella. ELACHERTIDiE Key to Genera. 1. Abdomen with a more or less distinct petiole 2 Abdomen subsessile 4 2. Prothorax subconical 3 Prothorax acute Euplectrus p. 467 3. Posterior tibiae with two spurs; body not metallic; scutel without dorsal lines Miotropis p. 465 Posterior tibiae with one spur; scutel with two dorsal lines; body with at least the head metallic Elachertus p. 466 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 465 4. Body metallic, winged Cirrospilus p. 465 Body not metallic; wings short or wanting Melittobia p. 465 Melittobia Westwood. Anthophorabia Newport. °M. sp. Bred from Anthophora, Osmia, Chalicodoma, Stelis, Anthi- dium, Br emus, Hylceus, Odynerus, Vespula, Trypoxylon, Mono- dontomerus and Leucospis. Miotropis Thomson. °M. megachilis (Packard). Anthophorabia megachilis Packard. Female : length i mm. ; body, including antennae, mostly black- ish brown ; head flattened posteriorly, front rounded ovate, vertex slightly angulated, clypeus transversely oblong, antennae 9- jointed, club 3-jointed; thorax flattened, pronotum longer than wide, triangular, mesonotum trapezoidal, scutel oblong, twice as long as wide, postscutel transversely oblong, metanotum shorter than wide; legs uniformly pale testaceous honey-yellow, tarsi 5-jointed ; abdomen flattened, oblong ovate ; ovipositor slightly exserted. Bred from Megachile, Ceratina, Anthophora and Monodon- tomerus. °M. clisiocampae Ashmead. Female: length 1.5 mm.; mostly black, polished; scape, pedi- cel, and first joint of funicle pale yellow, rest of flagel black ; scutel and metathorax light brown or yellowish ; wings hyaline, stigmal and postmarginal vein equal in length ; legs, including coxs, pale yellow ; abdomen orbicular, a little wider than the thorax. Bred from (Clisiocampa) Malacosoma americana on apple. Cirrospilus Westwood. °C. flavicinctus Riley. Male: length 1.3 mm.; mostly bright yellow; antennae 7- jointed, the articulations, especially at base of pedicel, black with a metallic blue reflection, scape as long as the three following joints combined, ring-joints wanting, club rather longer than the preceding joint ; thorax finely scaly above, marked with black 30 466 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. with metallic blue reflections; abdomen with a yellow band. Female: length 1.6 mm., differs from the male in having only a mesonotal yellow spot, a narrow yellow line around inside of eyes, and the legs yellow except hind coxae, femora above, and tips of tarsi ; antennae mostly yellowish brown with black scape ; thorax with a distinct bluish hue. Bred from Bucculatrix pomifoliella, and possibly a parasite or secondary parasite of the trumpet leaf-miner of the apple ( Tischeria malifoliella ) . °C. niger Howard. Female: length 1.5 mm.; mostly shining black, with black bristles ; antennae yellowish beneath ; anterior border of prono- tum, mesonotum and scutel finely shagreened, metanotum sculp- tureless, with a very fine median longitudinal suture anteriorly and a corresponding carina posteriorly ; legs, including coxae, honey-yellow ; abdomen yellowish beneath at base, lozenge- shaped or nearly round, as broad, as, but shorter than, the thorax. Reared from the pupae of some unknown Eulophus parasitic on (Pyrameis) Vanessa atalanta. Elachertus Spinola. Elachistus Foerster. °E. n. sp. Parasitic on the lesser peach borer (Synanthedon pictipes). °E. cacoeciae Howard. Male: length 1.9 mm.; mostly shining black; face subtri- angular, cheeks nearly straight, scape whitish beneath, dark brown above, flagel dark brown, pubescent with whitish hairs, mandibles light reddish brown ; mesonotal and scutellar furrows not continuous, interrupted by the angle of the scapulae ; post- marginal vein much longer than the stigmal ; legs yellowish white, hind coxae slightly darker at base ; first and second dorsal abdominal segments with a yellowish brown spot extending nearly to the lateral edges, abdomen beneath at base light brown. Bred from nest of Caccccia rosaceana. Parasite of Crato- techus orgyicB. °E. proteoteratis Howard. Female: length 1.8 mm.; mostly dark metallic green; head broadly oval, cheeks well rounded, scape nearly white, flagel NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 467 light ochreous, mouth-parts nearly white, mandibles shining brown at tips ; mesonotum transversely shagreened, scutel finely coriaceous, metathoracic carina delicate; legs yellowish white, except the hind coxae, which are brownish near the base ; abdo- men elliptical, its petiole cylindrical, rugose, basal half of dorsum of abdomen with a bright straw-colored blotch bounded by brown and ending posteriorly in a straight transverse line, abdomen beneath with a longitudinal honey-yellow stripe, wider anteriorly than posteriorly. Bred from larvae of Proteoteras cesculana. Euplectrus Westwood. °E. comstocki Howard. Howard, Insect Book, p. 58, Fig. 32 ; p. 58, Fig. 33 ; p. 59, Fig. 34. Male : length 1 .8 mm. ; mostly black ; antennae with third to seventh joints inclusive oval, subequal in length; head smooth, antennae ochreous ; mesonotum with many transversely elongate punctuations and with a delicate longitudinal carina; scutel and remainder of thorax smooth ; middle tibial spur as long as first and second tarsal joints combined ; legs ochreous, veins fuscous ; abdomen with an ochreous area of varying size. Parasitizes the cotton worm (Aletia xylina) and the fall army worm (Laphygma frugiperda). °E. frontalis Howard. Female : length 2 mm. ; differs from catocalce chiefly as fol- lows : yellow spot on the face including the bases of the an- tennae, cheeks below this point black to the base of the mandi- bles, pronotum punctate except at its posterior border, mesonotum coarsely shagreened, its median carina faint, metascutel longi- tudinally striate. Reared from a noctuid larva on walnut. °E. catocalae Howard. Female and male: length 2.3 mm.; differs from comstocki chiefly as follows: larger; face with a yellow spot extending to base of antennae ; metascutel longitudinally striated ; abdomen in male with an ochreous blotch occupying all of the anterior half of the dorsum, beneath yellow except at its tip; abdomen in female above with an ochreous spot, oval in form, on the anterior center, bounded on all sides by dark brown beneath as in the male. 468 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Bred from the larvse of a species of Catocala and from a larva of a geometrid on birch. °E. plathypenae Howard. Female : differs from comstocki chiefly as follows : length 1.67 mm.; face entirely black; pronotum distinctly shagreened, mesoscutel only slightly roughened, median carina distinctly visible ; legs dark honey-yellow, hind coxae quite dark at bases ; abdomen yellow above and beneath except for a narrow band of black around the edge. Male: somewhat smaller than the female ; scape with a leaf-like expansion beneath, otherwise similar to the female. Bred from a larva of Plathypena scabra. Listed as an Ameri- can parasite of a cosmoplitan insect. PTEROMALID^E. Key to Genera. 1. Anterior femora enlarged 18 Anterior femora not enlarged 2 2. Posterior tibiae i-spurred; head very large, broad, excavated in front, with two acute tubercles on each side Cratomus p. 483 Posterior tibiae 1- or 2-spurred; head not especially large.. 3 3. Anterior edge of clypeus acutely bidentate in the middle; marginal vein of anterior wings often thickened 4 Anterior edge of clypeus not bidentate; marginal vein not at all or very slightly thickened; wings with the stigmal club always quite pronounced; posterior tibiae i-spurred. ... 6 4. Anterior wings with a delicate marginal vein; abdominal petiole punctate above, longer than wide 5 Anterior wings with a thick marginal vein; abdominal pet- iole shorter than the posterior coxae; parapsides not dis- tinctly defined Pachyneuron p. 481 5. Abdominal petiole longer than posterior coxae; male palpi normal; head with compressed cheeks; parapsides not plainly defined; second and third abdominal segments very large Sphegigaster p. 483 Abdominal petiole not longer than posterior coxae; second abdominal segment deeply emarginate ; male palpi abnor- mal; vertex of head acute in the middle; parapsides indis- tinct Cyrtogastcr p. 482 6. Antennal club not subulate 7 Antennal club subulate in female or conico-acuminate in male; metathorax punctate, without a fold, without a spiracular sulcus 16 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 469 7. First funicular joint of antennae rarely abruptly smaller than the others 8 First funicular joint of female antennae abruptly smaller than the others, funicle thick, antennae inserted almost in the middle of the face, which is impressed with large punc- tures; thorax above smooth, metathorax very short; ovi- positor exserted Roptrocerus 8. Antennae inserted below the middle of the face, stigmal club not distinct, vertex medially not acute, cheeks round, left mandible 3-, right 4-dentate, club of male antennae black- ish, head with narrow vertex, ocelli in female with the posterior pair nearer the anterior one than to each other; thorax short, metathorax with distinct lateral folds, mar- ginal vein one and one-half times as long as the stigmal; abdomen not rotund Eutelus p. 478 Genera differing from Eutelus; head often triangular and with prominent eyes, clypeus without an apical tooth, but sinuate or truncate at apex; pronotum often not at all or only slightly defined, wings with a small or me- dium-sized stigmal club 9 9. Pronotum broad 10 Pronotum narrow; mandibles 3-dentate Psilocera p. 470 10. Head with the vertex sometimes medially acute; eyes not hairy n Head with cheeks bulging, vertex not acute medially, eyes not prominent, first funicular joint of antennae longer than pedicel; pronotum broad, sternal groove obsolete, meta- thoracic spiracles usually large, oval; left mandible 3-den- tate Hetroxys (Habrocytus) p. 478 11. First funicular joint large 12 First funicular joint small Pteromalus (Meraporus) p. 478 12. Metathorax with a large subglobose neck; flagel filiform; abdomen in female ovate-acute; postmarginal vein longer than stigmal *3 Metathorax usually with a very small neck, postmarginal vein often shorter than stigmal, very rarely longer; abdomen in female usually rotund • ■ • *4 13. Wings entirely pubescent, neck of metathorax smooth; cheeks concave Pteromalus (Catolaccus) p. 476 Wings not entirely pubescent, but with a large clear spot; neck of metathorax punctate; mandibles usually 4-den- tate, antennae often inserted below the middle of the face, ring-joint distinct; metathorax usually punctulate and furnished with a carina; abdomen often rotund, never pro- duced at apex in the female Pteromalus p. 471 14. Postmarginal vein shorter than stigmal or as long as the same T5 470 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Postmarginal vein longer than stigmal, neck of metathorax short; abdomen oval-rotund; vertex broad Pteromalus (Psychophagus) p. 475 15. Abdomen oblong; vertex medially acute Pteromalus (Dibrachys) p. 475 Abdomen rotund; cheeks compressed, acute; wings hyaline, postmarginal vein shorter than stigmal Pteromalus (Ccelopisthus) 16. First funicular joint as long as the following 17 First funicular joint short; rim of metathorax with large punctures; all coxae rufous Merisus (Micromelus) p. 479 17. Abdomen subcylindrical; third segment short. .. .Merisus p. 478 Abdomen subovate, dorsally often flattened Merisus (Phaenacra) p. 479 18. Posterior tibiae with two spurs, wings banded, marginal vein not thickened 21 Posterior tibiae with one spur, marginal vein of anterior wings thickened; antennae with transverse ring- joints; body cyaneous; stigmal vein longer than marginal; female with antennal club stylate at apex Raphitelus p. 483 21. Eyes not hairy; anterior femora exciso-dentate, posterior tibial spurs arcuate; wings with two transverse bands.... Chiropachys p. 484 Eyes hairy, abdomen sessile, pointed; postmarginal vein longer than marginal, stigmal one-third the length of the marginal Epistenia p. 484 Psilocera Walker. Metopon Walker. °P. rufipes Ashmead. Female: length 1.8-3 mm- '> mostly dull bronzy green to bluish black and black, closely punctate and with a whitish pubescence ; scape, pedicel, ring-joints, more or less of the first funicular joint, and the mandibles rufous or brownish, flagel brownish black; metanotum with a median carina intersected at its basal third by a transverse carina which is usually very distinct, although sometimes nearly obsolete, the ridge of the metapleurse bluish black; wings hyaline or sometimes with a slight fuscous tinge, pubescent, tegulae and veins ferruginous or brownish yel- low, the marginal vein nearly twice as long as the stigmal ; abdo- men aeneous, ovate, compressed, much narrower than the thorax, carinate beneath, the ventral valve yellowish and extending be- yond the upper tip of the abdomen ; petiole rugose, fourth seg- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 47 1 ment shorter than third, the following segments subequal. Male : length 1.8-2 mm.; differs from the female chiefly as follows: abdomen oblong, sometimes with a yellowish spot at base, second segment about half as long as the abdomen, third segment only half as long as the first, fourth and fifth scarcely half as long as the third. Bred from Chlamys plicata. Pteromalus Swederus. °P. puparum Linnseus. Scudder, Butterflies of New Eng- land, Vol. iii, PI. 89, Figs. I, 2. Female: length 1.3-4 mm.; head a little broader than the abdomen, transverse, greenish bronze, closely punctate, slightly narrower behind the eyes, vertex emarginate in the middle, ocelli equidistant from each other or nearly so, face rather flat, antennal grooves inconspicuous, cheeks convex, slightly compressed, eyes subovate, subconvex, clypeus emarginate at apex in the middle, mandibles with four acute teeth, the apical one distinctly sinuate, antennae thread-like, inserted in the middle of the face close to- gether, brown or fuscous, scape, however, linear and yellow, second joint oblong, third distinct, fourth a little larger than third, fifth to tenth joints equal in width but subequal in length, club in the form of an elongate cone ; thorax slightly con- vex above, almost smooth, with adjoining umbilicate punctures, metanotum punctate, without a median carina but with arcuate lateral folds, spiracles suboval, and in the spiracular sutwre; wings hyaline, subcostal cell broad, marginal vein longer than stigmal and a little shorter than post-stigmal ; coxae green, femora fuscous bronze, tibiae occasionally concolorous; mesopleurae deli- cately puncate; abdomen ovate, flat above, convex beneath, its sides rounded, a little shorter than the thorax, considerably broader, its first segment dark blue and hidden. Male: differs from female chiefly in its thinner, more pilose antennae, oblong abdomen, which is golden above, green head, which is broader than the thorax, and femora and tibiae which are always yellow. This species is most beneficial, inasmuch as it may destroy as many as ninety per cent, of the injurious common cabbage worm or cabbage butterfly, (Pieris) Pontia rapes. It is on record as having been bred also from the following: (Vanessa) Euvanessa - — ■■ .2 - : - . . .. i ■ — — j r: -j-i: __. _ - _ _t :■-..- : _.\.— -n . '—"~ ; -. -~. ~z _". ~ :.~_ : ..~~ :: . ~ ~ ~-Z?. - ; ;~ "--T- _- • teisaxcux&B ?-a3& E.~. - ■ ^T I — n= cz ~~ --■-: r_i- _ - — - -r. ~ ■ ~- - _ - — DCS MtftaBM ~.-.- — - : ■ sc 3a. . .: ; ■am st*:--" - ^r.v-.-.c 474 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. are fuscous, posterior femora dusky, tarsi rather lighter than tibiae; veins of the wings light brown, stigmal vein half as long as marginal and less than one-fourth as long as submarginal; abdomen smooth, shining, black at tip, cordate, sessile, and obtusely triangular. Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan Angou- mois grain-moth (Gelechia cerealella), from the larvae of which the type specimens were reared. P. (Hypopteromalus) tabacum Fitch. Length 2.5 mm. ; mostly dark green, with a brassy reflection ; head about three times as broad as long, finely shagreened, eyes dull red in life, brown in death, ocelli equidistant or nearly so, mandibles yellow, but brown at tip, 4-dentate, palpi dull white, antennae inserted in the middle of the face, subclavate, brown ex- cept the first joint, which is dull pale yellow, pubescent, appar- ently 9-jointed, second joint the smallest, but little longer than thick, and obconic in form, third joint three times as long and nearly three times as thick as the preceding, and pear-shaped, ring- joints two in number, fourth and succeeding joints nearly equal and square in outline, apical joint about three times as long as the one preceding it, and oval or subovate in form, rounded at base and pointed at apex, and possibly 3- jointed ; thorax scarcely as wide as the head, three times as long as wide, parap- sidal grooves present; legs pale wax-yellow, except the tarsi and ends of the tibiae, which are dull white, and the posterior femora, which are black with their tips pale yellow and the outer aspect greenish blue, tarsi 5- jointed and dusky at tips; wings trans- parent, veins brown or brownish ; abdomen one-third shorter than the thorax and in life thicker than the thorax, egg-shaped, con- vex, with its tip acute, smooth, polished, greenish black, the middle segments each with a broad purple-black band ; abdomen black beneath. Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan insect Calandra oryzce. Reared from Phlegethontins, New Haven, September, 1909 (A. I. Bourne). °P. sp. Hosts: (Grapta) Polygonia progne and (Melitcea) Euphy- dryas phaeton. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 475 °P. Sp. Parasitic on Ameloctonus, Aleiodes intermedins, and Habro- bracon gelechicc. °P. (Dibrachys) boucheanus Ratzeburg, U. S. Dept. Agric, Div. Entomology, Bull. 5, Technical Series, 1897, p. 35, Fig. 18. Female : length 1 ^ -1 J4 mm. ; head and thorax mostly greenish, and as closely reticulately punctate as possible; scape dark testaceous, rest of antennae dark brown ; legs, except coxae, which are concolorous with thorax, mostly pale testaceous ; abdo- men practically entirely blackish, with a greenish tinge, especially at base above. Male flagel not twice as long as the scape ; colors more constant than in female. In some female individuals part of the scape is dark. The hind legs may be more or less infus- cated in this species. This is at times a very abundant hyperparasite of the gipsy moth (Porthetria dispar), the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leuco stigma), the American tent caterpillar (Malacosoma americana), and Hyphantria. It has been bred from species of Apanteles, (Limncrium) Campoplex ( ?) validus, Campoplex {Ameloctonus) fugitivus, Hemiteles, (Bathythrix) pimplce, (Pimpia) 'Scambus (Iseropus) inquisitoriellius, (P.) Scambns (Itoplectis) conquisitor, Meteorus communis, M. hy~ phantrue, Paranomalon, Microbracon, Aleiodes intermedins, Theronia fulvescens, and possibly Spilochalcis debilis. °P. (D.) sp. Bred from Apanteles clisiocampce and Habrobracon gelechice. P. (Psychophagus) omnivorus Walker. Diglochis Foerster. Female: length 1-1.7 mm.; greenish aeneous, partly shining; fuscous ; legs fulvous, except coxae, which are greenish, femora, which are mostly fuscous yellow apically, tarsi, which are pale fulvous, and the pulvilli and claws, which are fuscous ; abdomen mostly aeneo-cupreous, first dorsal segment rich greenish, fulves- cent, with its apex cupreous, pale. Male: greenish, shining; mouth fulvous, antennae mostly fulvo-fuscous, first joint fulvous, except its apex, which is dusky ; legs, except coxae, mostly yellow, apex of tarsi fulvous, claws and pulvilli fuscous; tegulae and veins mostly yellow; wings hyaline; abdomen maculated with yellow ; otherwise practically as in the male. Color variable. 4/6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Bred from the American tent caterpillar (Malacosoma ameri- cana). Stonington, June, 1913 (W. E. B.) °P. (Catolaccus) anthonomi Ashmead. Insect Life, Vol. v, 1893, p. 185, Fig. 17.* Female : length 2.8 mm. ; mostly blue ; head and thorax faintly tinged with metallic green; flagel brown, scape honey-yellow; head confluently punctate, front impressed, clypeus sinuate at the middle; antennae 13-jointed, inserted on the middle of the face, scape about one-half as long as the flagel, pedicel smaller than the first joint of the flagel, joints of the flagel almost equal in length and thickness; thorax ovoid, confluently punctate, prothorax rounded, parapsidal grooves present only anteriorly, metathorax two-thirds the length of the scutel, its spiracles close to the postscutellar fold and elliptic-oval, lateral folds complete, and a slight median carina at base ; wings hya- line, veins pale yellowish, stigmal vein two-thirds as long as the postmarginal ; trochanters, tips of femora, tibiae and tarsi honey- yellow, coxae and femora mostly bluish, hind coxae punctate, the inner ridge with pubescence ; abdomen conic-ovate, about as long as the rest of the body combined, subsessile, first, fifth, sixth, and seventh dorsal segments about equal in length and together about as long as the second, third, and fourth combined, second and third together only slightly longer than the fourth. Male: length 2 mm.; golden green; scape and legs, except hind coxae and femora, yellow, tips of hind femora also yellow ; flagel pale brown, pubescent, pedicel smooth and dusky, joints at end of funicle slightly longer than thick, the joints at its base one and a half times as long as thick ; abdomen oblong-oval, first and fifth seg- ments longest, remaining segments about equal in length. Probably parasitic upon Anthonomus signatus. °P. (C.) cerealellae Ashmead.* Female: length 2-2.5 mm.; mostly metallic bronzy green, closely punctate and sparsely pubescent; scape and labial palpi honey-yellow, rest of antennae dark fuscous ; first joint of funicle as long as the pedicel or a little longer, following joints subequal to the club, the apical joint a little wider at base than at apex, at least the first and second joints of the club wider than long; head wider than the thorax, about three and one-half times as wide as thick antero-posteriorly, thinnest at the middle; meta- * Habrocytus or 7.atropis, according to M. W. Kurdjumov. NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 477 thorax impressed on each side posteriorly, and usually with a median carina on the middle lobe at base; wings hyaline, veins light brown or brownish yellow ; legs metallic green, knees, tibiae, and all except the apical joint of the tarsi honey-yellow ; abdomen conic-ovate, usually a little longer than head and thorax com- bined, first and second, or first, second, and third segments tinged with cupreous, the abdominal segments subequal in length and with some fine transverse scratches. Male : length hardly 2 mm. ; mostly bronzy black; flagel thread-like, densely hairy; abdomen oblong-oval, not jointed at apex, and with a yellow median spot at base. Bred from Sitotroga cerealella Olivier. °P. (C.) incertus Ashmead.* Female : length 2 mm. ; head and thorax metallic green, con- fluently punctate and covered with rigid white hairs; flagel sub- clavate, brown, first funicular joint longest, and about one and one-half times as long as wide, remaining joints sub- equal, the last very little longer than wide, club 3-jointed, a little shorter than the funicle, its second joint longest and widest; head a little wider than the thorax, hind ocelli nearer to the anterior ocellus than to each other, clypeus emarginate medially; thorax ovoid, prothorax distinct, mesonotum wider than long, with parapsidal furrows apparent anteriorly, scutel convex, metathorax half as long as the scutel, punctate, with a median carina at base and oval spiracles close to the postscutellar fold, the surface behind them depressed, with no lateral folds ; wings hyaline, veins brownish yellow, stigmal vein clavate and about one-half the length of the marginal, its club brown, marginal vein two-thirds as long as the submarginal vein, the postmarginal one-half again as long as the stigmal vein; trochanters, apices of femora, and tibiae and tarsi, mostly honey-yellow, hind tibiae dusky at the middle; abdomen conic, subcompressed, bluish black, as long as the head and thorax combined, first and third body segments about equal in length and slightly longer than any of the others. Male: length 11 mm.; mostly dull bluish or blue-black, sometimes with a slight bronzy tinge on the head and thorax above, rigid pubescence subobsolete ; second abdominal segment, scape, knees, tips of tibiae and tarsi except apical joint, honey-yellow or whitish yellow ; flagel brown and covered with pubescence, pedicel stouter • Habrocytus or Zatropts, according: to M. W. Kurdjumov. 478 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. than, and about twice as long as the first funicular joint, the suc- ceeding joints equal, and a little longer than thick, club pointed and usually not as thick as the funicle. Bred from Anthonomus signatus. °P. (Meraporus) calandrae Howard. Male: length 1.15 mm.; head and thorax steel-blue, abdomen yellow-brown at base, black and shining at tip ; head somewhat broader than thorax, antennas subclavate, somewhat pilose, fifth joint as long as the two ring- joints combined, scape fuscous, flagel nearly black; thorax nearly as broad as long, parapsidal grooves hardly indicated ; all femora dark brown, tibiae lighter, tarsi nearly white, apical joint darker; veins yellow-brown, stigmal vein as long as the marginal and half as long as the submarginal ; abdo- men cordate, sessile, smooth and shining; head and dorsum of thorax punctate, and with many white hairs. Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan Calandra oryzce, from the pupa of which it has been bred. Also bred from another beetle injurious to stored grain, Sitodrepa panic ea. °P. (Habrocytus) thyridopterygis Howard. U. S. Dept. Agric, Div. Entomology, Bull. 5, Technical Series, p. 35, Fig. 17. Has been bred from the bags of the bag worm and from the white-marked tussock moth, of which latter it is possibly a ter- tiary parasite, with Hemiteles (Allocota) thyridopterygis as host. Eutelus Walker. °E. onerati Fitch. The Oak-Bullet Gall Parasite. Female : length somewhat more than 2.5 mm. ; mostly brilliant cupreous, with green reflections; antennae mostly dark brown, their first joint pale yellowish; legs sulphur-yellow. Male: length 2.5 mm. Bred from galls of Callaspidia globulus. Merisus Walker. M. isosomatis Riley. Stictonotus isosomatis. Female : length 3.25 mm. ; mostly metallic green and sparsely covered with white hairs; antennae subclavate, pilose, head finely punctate, antennae mostly black, club brownish; pro- and meso- thorax rather closely punctate; anterior coxae and their femora metallic green, distal end of femora, all of anterior tibiae and tarsi No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 479 except claws, honey-yellow ; mid c©xae metallic green, mid femora mostly black with both ends yellowish, mid tibiae honey-yellow with a longitudinal dorsal streak, mid tarsi, except apical joint, honey-yellow ; hind legs with their coxae, femora and tibiae shining black, with the distal end of femora and both ends of tibiae honey- yellow, their tarsi honey-yellow except the apical joint, which is black ; veins honey-yellow ; abdomen very delicately shagreened. Male : antennae more clavate ; nearly devoid of white hairs except at tip of mesonotum and at tip of abdomen. Bred from Isosoma tritici. Also reared from Isosoma in- festing timothy grass at the Experiment Station in New Haven. °M. (Phaenacra) chalcidiphagus (Walsh). Semiotellus chal- cidiphagus Walsh. Female : length 2.25-3 mm. ; mostly blue-black or dark indigo- blue ; head finely and confidently punctate and scarcely polished ; antennae pale rufous, darker toward base, flagel not pubescent, the joints of the latter indistinctly separated; thorax sculptured like the head ; legs black, with the tibiae and tarsi, except tips of the latter, pale rufous, tibiae occasionally basally clouded with black externally; wings hyaline, front wings with a dark smoky area extending backward from the subcostal vein where that vein first touches the costa to the tip of the branch, but not quite to the hind edge of the wing; veins brown, much paler toward the base of the wing; abdomen almost sessile, depressed, flattened above, rounded below, polished, with a few short whitish hairs toward the tip, in color less blue than head and thorax, and with cupreous reflections beneath. Male: differs from the female chiefly as follows: flagellar joint pubescent and distinctly separated, first and second joints of antennae rufous, third to ninth joints dark brown; abdomen subpetiolate, narrower, its tip acute, cupreous tinge stronger ; front wings without a dark smoky cloud; length 2-2.5 mm' Bred from barley galls. °M. (Micromelus) destructor Say M. (Boeotomus) destruc- tor. Black, with bluish green metallic reflections ; legs black banded with yellow; female a little longer than the male, and otherwise different as follows: antennae somewhat clavate, the funicular joints increasing slightly in width and decreasing slightly in 480 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. length from the first to the sixth, club obliquely acuminate, scape light yellow-brown in color, flagel brown, with the club lighter in color than the rest of the flagel; pubescence shorter and finer. Male: average length 1.90 mm.; antennas filiform, distinctly pilose, joints of the funicle subequal in width, decreasing slightly in length from the first to the sixth, first joint a little more than twice as long as broad, club nearly as long as the two preceding funicular joints together, ovate, flattened laterally and acuminate at tip ; head densely and rather finely punctate, black, with a metallic bluish green reflection ; scape yellowish, pedicel and flagel brown to blackish ; thorax mostly concolorous with the head, and similarly punctate, the scutel and metanotum with the punctures finer than those on the head, pronotum, and mesonotum, those on metanotum deeper, metanotum with an indication of a median carina ; hind tibiae with a single apical spur, hind trochanter with two tooth-like projections beneath; all coxae black with metallic reflections, all femora black or dark brown with yellowish tips, all tibiae and tarsi honey-yellow ; wings hyaline, their veins very distinct and dark brown ; abdomen oval, convex above, flattened beneath, glabrous but very finely shagreened, mostly black, with a yellowish spot above and beneath at base. Parasitic on the Hessian fly. Listed as an American parasite of a cosmopolitan insect. °M. subapterus (Riley). Homopterus subapterus Riley. Female: length 1.8-2.8 mm. ; differs from the male as follows: antennae more clavate, sixth funicular joint slightly broader than long, flagel always black with a metallic tinge, pedicel usually tipped with black at its distal end ; pubescence shorter and finer than in the male ; femora and tibiae in general of a darker brown, in which case the knees and distal third of tibiae are whitish; metallic luster of thorax more subdued; wings, when present, hyaline, veins faintly tinged with yellowish, spurious veins very faint ; abdomen notched when seen from the side. Male: wingless; length 1.58-2.74 mm.; antennae inserted a little below the middle of the face and close together, but still distinctly separated, flagel pilose, its club oval-acuminate, flattened laterally, funicular joints subequal in length, first joint a trifle longer than broad, the following joints increasing in width to the sixth, which is as wide as long ; posterior ocelli nearer to the No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 481 anterior ocellus than to each other; head distinctly broader than thorax, densely and finely punctate, with a greenish metallic luster, bulbs of antennae black, scape and pedicel honey-yellow, flagel yellowish brown and often with a darker metallic tinge, especially at the sutures; thorax mostly concolorous with the head, and similarly punctate on the pro- and mesonotum ; all legs honey-yellow except coxae, which are slightly metallic at base, and tarsi and sometimes distal end of tibiae, which are whitish; abdomen ovate, acuminate, glabrous, mostly black. Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan Hessian fly, from the final larva of which it has been bred in Missouri. Pachyneuron Walker. *P. nigrocyaneum (Norton). Chiropachys nigrocyaneus Norton. Length 2.5 mm. Female: mostly dark blue-black, varying to purple; head wider than thorax, antennae 13-jointed, the first and second joints together nearly as long as the rest combined, yellow, scape blackish, third joint not much shorter than fourth or fifth ; prothorax transversely narrower than rest of thorax ; legs yellow, except coxae, which are black; abdomen polished, flattened, oval- triangular. Bred from the cocoons of Diprion abietis and D. simile. Type locality: Connecticut. New Haven, 1915 (W. E. B.). °P. apidivorum Ashmead. Female : length 1 mm. or a little longer ; head metallic green, suffused with purple and purplish black on vertex, shagreened, the sculpture coarser between the eyes ; mandibles tridentate, antennae brown, pubescent, scape and pedicel darker ; thorax pur- plish black with bronzy and cupreous reflections, with a reticulate sculpture, scapulae golden green, scutel convex, rounded, meta- thorax wrinkled ; wings hyaline, iridescent, pubescent except at base, their veins pale yellow, the marginal vein brownish, stigmal vein slightly longer than the marginal, with seven long hairs along outer edge; legs pale yellowish, coxae black, anterior and middle femora dusky near base above and beneath, at least for two-thirds of their length ; abdomen flat, oval, blue-black, metallic at base, and with bronze tingings toward apex, darker beneath. 31 482 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan plant louse, Aphis brassicce. °P. micans Howard. Howard, Insect Book, p. 56, Fig. 29. Female: length 1.28 mm.; metallic bluish, greenish or bronzy black; antennae metallic, funicle as long as width of head, first funicular joint as long as broad, not compressed, the succeeding joints increasing gradually in width but not in length, to the club, which is oval, compressed, and nearly as long as the three pre- ceding joints combined, funicle with appressed hairs; head deli- cately shagreened; mesonotum finely punctate, not pointed, coxae metallic, all femora metallic on the outside, tipped with dull yellow, tibiae honey-yellow, tarsi somewhat dark, last joint brown; abdomen flat, oval, nearly as broad as thorax. Male differing from the female as follows : antennae longer, pubescence of funicle longer, more erect, and dirty white instead of silvery; abdomen much narrowed than thorax; femoral bands brown, hind tibiae with a light brown central band. Bred from Siphonophora avence. °P. altiscuta Howard. Body mostly shining blue, length 2 mm. ; head about one-half as long as the thorax, antennae light in color and as long as thorax, 13-jointed, first joint curved, as is the second, the latter enlarging toward tip, third and fourth small, fifth to tenth equal in size and length, last three constituting club, which tapers to tip ; thorax as long as abdomen ; costal vein of front wings broken, just beyond the break decidedly broader to the branch, which is as long as the broad portion and knobbed ; costal vein of hind wings with an angle at the middle which points forward, the wings very hairy except at base, where they are nearly bare, hairs at margin coarser than elsewhere ; legs light in color, except femora, which are dark; abdomen peduncled ; female and male very similar. Cyrtogaster Walker. °C. dineutis Ashmead. Female : length 2.5-2.65 mm. ; mostly bronze-green, confid- ently punctate; palpi fuscous, mandibles piceous or rufo-piceous, scape and pedicel brownish yellow, flagel black or brown-black ; head wider than thorax, a little more than three times as wide No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 483 as thick antero-posteriorly ; clypeus with some fine converging striae, antennae 13-jointed, inserted a little below the middle of face, flagellar joints beyond first wider than long; thorax with the parapsidal grooves indicated only anteriorly, metanotum with a carina above; wings hyaline, apical two-thirds pubescent, the basal one-third bare, marginal and postmarginal veins nearly equal in length, about one-third longer than the stigmal, the latter ending in a stigma or thickening ; legs, except coxae, brown- ish yellow; abdomen ovate, attached to the produced portion of metathorax by a distinct petiole. Bred from the pupa of Dineutes assimilis, of which it is prob- ably only a secondary parasite. Sphegigaster Spinola. S. n. sp. Bred from pupae of Odontocera dorsalis, New Haven, 1894 (W. E. B.). Cratomus Dalman. °C. megacephalus Fabricius. Mostly black ; tibiae yellow ; wings white, with a median fus- cous mark; abdomen shining. °C. leucophthalmus Ashmead. Male : length 2.5 mm ; mostly blue-black, confidently punctate ; head, measured from eye to eye, nearly twice as wide as thorax, a broad groove extending from the eye obliquely toward the mouth; eyes finely pubescent; antennae 13-jointed, clavate; scape, pedicel, and first and second funicular joints brownish yellow, the following joints brown; legs red except the trochanters, extreme tips of femora and tibiae, and all of the anterior tibiae, which are brownish yellow ; wings hyaline, with a fuscous blotch across the middle, veins rufo-piceous, submarginal vein distant from costal edge and nearly three times as long as the marginal vein, stigmal vein about as long as the marginal, postmarginal distinctly longer than the stigmal; abdomen oval, with a bronzy tinge and a yellow petiole. Raphitelus Walker. °R. maculatus Walker. Male : mostly green ; antennae black except first joint, which is yellow tipped with fuscous, and second joint, which is fuscous; 484 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. legs mostly pale fuscous, coxae green, trochanters yellow, mid and hind tarsi straw color, their apex fuscous ; wings subhyaline, sub- costa of front wings maculated with fuscous, veins usually fus- cous ; abdomen cyaneo-cupreous, shining, glabrous, aenous green at base. Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan fruit-, bark beetle (Scolytus rugulosus). Epistenia Westwood. This and the following genus are referred to a separate family, the Cleonymidae, in Ashmead's classification. °E. osmiae (Ashmead). Dasyglenes osmics Ashmead. Female : length 6 mm. ; cyaneous, coarsely pitted, brownish pubescent ; flagel brown ; legs dark red, pubescent, femora infus- cated; wings hyaline, veins brown. Reared from a mason bee, Osmia, living in catalpa twigs. Chiropachys Westwood. °C. colon Linnaeus. Female: head and thorax deeply punctate, dull cupreous, slightly tinged with green ; antennae dark brown, first and second joints ochreous; wings iridescent, anterior ones each with two dark brown spots (one near the center, the other near the tip) passing through the furcate vein, these spots not so large as in the male, and varying in size ; legs ochreous, the mid and posterior femora shaded pitchy; size variable; abdomen smooth and shin- ing, dark cyaneous black, tinged with dark green, its basal seg- ments brighter green, its apex slightly pubescent. Male: may be larger than the largest female ; color of thorax varying from bright green to obscure blackish green. Listed as an American parasrte of the cosmopolitan fruit-bark beetle (Scolytus rugulosus). spalangiid;e. Key to Genera. Body very slightly metallic; frenum not discernible; meso- thorax submetallic, polished, metathorax strongly punc- tate Cercocephala p. 485 Body metallic; frenum large, distinct; antennae inserted in the anterior margin of the oblong head Spalangia p. 485 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 485 Cercocephala Westwood. C. sp. Attacks wood-boring larvae of the beetle family Scolytidae. Spalangia Latreille. °S. drosophilae Ashmead. Female : length 2 mm. ; mostly shining, blue-black ; head flat- tened, covered with coarse, distant punctures, with a longitudinal median groove and a triangular projection at tip, sparsely pubescent, antennae 10-jointed, issuing from the extreme tip of the head; prothorax elongated, scutel with a transverse row of punctures posteriorly near the tip, metathorax with two longi- tudinal grooves and with a double row of coarse punctures on its disk, the punctures behind confluent; legs clavate, black, pubes- cent, tarsi pale or reddish; wings hyaline; abdomen petiolate. Bred from the larva of a species of Drosophila or pomace-fly. °'S. rugosicollis Ashmead. Female: length 2.5 mm.; mostly blue-black, mesonotum and scutel aeneous ; head and prothorax with a large impunctate 3olished space anteriorly, but rugoso-punctate posteriorly; parap- sides and scutel with some sparse round punctures, mesopleurae smooth and with a median fovea; legs mostly concolorous with most of body ; tarsi, except apical joint and claws, reddish yellow ; scutel with a transverse row of punctures before tip, metathorax :arinated down the middle, the space on each side of the carina ■ugoso-punctate ; wings hyaline, veins brown, marginal vein a ittle more than half the length of the submarginal, postmarginal ind stigmal veins about equal in length and three times as long is thick; abdomen oval, petiolate, the petiole longitudinally itriated. °S. haematobiae Ashmead. Female : length 2 mm. ; mostly blue-black and highly polished, mpunctate except a small oval space on the mesonotum just in ront of scutel ; parapsides metallic ; head smooth, with a central ongitudinal groove, mandibles and palpi black, antennae 10- ointed, subclavate, black, pedicel twice the length of first funicu- ar joint, the second joint of the funicle a little shorter than the irst, the following joints to the club quadrate in outline, club eemingly fused, and about as long as the three preceding joints 486 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. combined; prothorax about twice the length of the mesonotum, polished, except the neck-like portion, which is finely rugose; scutel smooth, with a transverse subapical impressed line, post- scutel with a row of round punctures back of it, metathorax as long as scutel, tricarinate, smooth and shining; legs mostly like rest of body, posterior femora aeneous, tarsi fuscous above, with short dense pale pubescence beneath; wings hyaline, strongly iridescent, veins black, marginal vein more than two-thirds the length of the submarginal, postmarginal and stigmal equal, about three times as long as thick. Bred from the larva of the horn-fly (Hcematobia serrata). °S. sp. Parasite on dipterous larvae. tridymid;e. Antennae inserted at the middle of the front, clypeus not pro- duced, both ring- joints visible, or only one. Key to Genera. 1. Notauli complete 2 Notauli not complete Hemadas p. 487 2. Wings ciliate at apex Semiotellus p. 486 Wings not ciliate Systasis p. 486 Semiotellus Westwood. °S. suborbicularis Provancher. Female : length a little over 2 mm. ; metallic blackish brown above; scape yellowish black; legs honey-yellow; wings hyaline, grayish, veins nearly colorless; abdomen depressed, polished, nearly circular, with a small point at apex. Systasis Walker. °S. diplosidis Eckel. Female : length 3.5 mm. ; mostly metallic blue-green, with the blue predominating ; head three times as wide as long, rather con- fluently punctate, shagreened between the punctures, lateral ocellus as far from the eyes as from the median ocellus ; antennae black except at base, twice as long- as the head is high, scape yellow, one ring-joint present, joints of flagel equal in length and gradually increasing in thickness, except the first, which is No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 487 twice as long as the others, and the last, which is more or less triangular; prothorax much more finely punctate than the head, especially beneath, rest of thorax rugulosely punctate, with the punctures separated; wings hyaline, marginal vein twice as long as the stigmal and one and one-half times as long as the post- marginal, under side of thorax and coxae green, shagreened; legs mostly honey-yellow, femora brownish, as are all the apical tarsal joints ; abdomen blue-green, polished, slightly longer than the thorax; body throughout sparsely pilose with white hairs. Bred from Diplosis resinicola on Pinus rigida. Hemadas Crawford. °H. nubilipennis (Ashmead). Megorismus nubilipenms Ash- mead. Female : length 2.75 mm. ; shining, mostly blue-black and almost sculptureless ; scape reddish brown ; legs mostly reddish brown, the posterior femora infuscated or slightly bluish, the tarsi pale ; wings hyaline, with a large brown blotch enclosing the marginal vein and stigma, veins brown, the marginal vein about twice as long as the stigmal vein, which is toothed, the submar- ginal vein interrupted by a pale ring at the juncture with the marginal; abdomen flattened. Bred from the galls of Soienosopheria vaccinii. APHELINIDyE. Key to Genera. 1. Tarsi 5-jointed, or seemingly only 4-jointed owing to the fusion of the ultimate and penultimate joints; antennae 5- jointed, funicle 1 -jointed, ring-joints two . . Eretmocerus p. 490 Tarsi 4-jointed 2 2. Anterior wings with an obliquely transverse hairless line below stigma; antennae 6-jointed; ovipositor not, or only slightly, exserted; wings hyaline, or with a slight fuscous patch, eyes not hairy Aphelinus p. 489 3. Antennae 8-jointed 4 Antennae 7-jointed; club i-jointed; exserted portion of ovi- positor about one-half as long as the abdomen; stigmal vein squarely truncate at apex Ablerus p. 490 4. Club 2-jointed, hind tibiae not armed with stiff black bristles Encarsia p. 489 488 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Club 3-jointed; stigmal vein present, marginal cilia of wings shorter than or about as long as first joint of anterior tarsi, marginal vein as long as or longer than the submarginal; flagel subcylindrical; hind tibiae not flattened, and with a row of short bristles above, but normal. . Coccophagus p. 488 Coccophagus Westwood. Key to Species. 1. Females : wings hyaline 2 Males 0 2. Mostly black1; hind border of dorsum of thorax black, head not coarsely punctulate 3 Mostly moderately bright yellow; tip of scape and all of flagel, border of pronotum, tip of tegulae, border of meta- notum, and incomplete bands between abdominal seg- ments, fuscous, as are the veins of the wings. Length 8 mm fletcheri 3. Tegulae black 4 Tegulae brown; nearly all of scutel and postscutel yellow. Length 1.3 mm flavoscutellum 4. Scutel with apical half yellow 5 Scutel yellow only at tip, all tibiae brown, except a yellow area at either end. Length 0.78 mm fraternus 5. Punctures of dorsum of thorax arranged in longitudinal rows; front and middle tibiae yellow. Length 1 mm lecanii Punctures of dorsum of thorax not arranged as in lecanii; all tibiae dark. Length 1.2 mm cognatus 6. Body entirely black; mesonotum, exclusive of the scapulae, sparsely punctate, hind edge of mesonotum not bordered by a regular row of round punctures 7 Body not entirely black, but mostly brown; scutel tipped with yellow; mesonotum, except scapulae, irregularly sparsely punctate. Length 0.6 mm cognatus 7. Tegulae brown, all tibiae and tarsi yellow; hind tibiae occa- sionally with a dusky patch near base. Length about 0.5 mm 8 Tegulae black, all tibiae dark brown in the middle and whitish at either end. Length somewhat less than 0.78 mm. fraternus 8. Scutel dark lecanii Scutel usually entirely black, sometimes yellow at extreme tip flavoscutellum °C. fletcheri Howard. Parasitic upon Lecanium fletcheri. °C. cognatus Howard. Listed as an American parasite of Lecanium fletcheri, L. hes- peridum, L. cerasifex and L. pcrsiccv. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 489 °C. fraternus Howard. An American parasite of Lecanium persicce. °C. lecanii Fitch. Recorded as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan Leca- nium hesperidum. °C. flavoscutellum Ashmead. Parasitic upon the same host as the preceding species. Encarsia Foerster. Key to Species. Females. 1. Tarsi of middle legs 4-jointed, fourth and fifth joints appar- ently coalescent 2 Tarsi of middle legs distinctly 5-jointed; club of antennae not flattened, first funicular joint not swollen, pedicel and first funicular joint subequal in length, first and second funicular joints also subequal in length, flagellar stria- tions barely discernible; anterior wings with a round bare space below the stigma. Length 0.58 mm pergandiella 2. Pedicel and first funicular joint subequal in length. Length 0.63 mm luteola Pedicel longer than first funicular joint, which is shorter than the second Length 0.66 mm quaintancei E. luteola Howard. New Haven, 14 August, 1906. Bred from Aleyrodes coryli ;w. E. B.). °E. quaintancei Howard. Reared from a species of Aleyrodes on Polygonum. °E. pergandiella Howard. Bred from a species of Aleyrodes on Xanthium strumarium. Aphelinus Dalman. Key to Species. 1. Eyes not hairy; mostly yellow; pedicel one and one-half times as long as thick 2 Eyes hairy; head jet black, rest of body mostly black. Length about 1.2 mm tnali 2. Club of antennae three times as long as penultimate joint. Length 0.55-0.78 mm 3 Club of antenna: twice as long as penultimate joint. Length about 0.65 mm mytilaspidis 490 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 3. Scutel not pointed at base, but normal 4 Scutel pointed at base. Length 0.55 mm abnormis 4. Anterior wings with only a faint cloud beneath stigma. Length 0.78 mm diaspidis Anterior wings with a distinct cloud occupying all of the central portion, and accentuated below stigma and at its proximal border. Length 0.6 mm fuscipennis °A. mali Haldeman. Parasitic on the woolly apple aphis (Schizoneura lanigera), Glyphina eragrostidis, Aphis brassicce, A. monardce, Pemphigus fraxinif olii, Siphonophora rosce. °A mytilaspidis Le Baron. U. S. Dept. Agric, Rept. Ento- mologist, 1880, PI. 23, Fig. 1. Listed as an American parasite of Diaspis carueli, Lepido- saphes ulmi and Chionaspis pinifolii. °A. abnormis Howard. Probably an aberration of the preceding species. Bred from Lepidosaphes ulmi. °A. diaspidis Howard. -U. S. Dept. Agric, Bull. 1, Technical Series, Fig. 7. Listed as an American parasite of Diaspis rosce, Lepidosaphes on an orchid, and an undetermined Sycaste from Japan. °A. fuscipennis Howard. Reared from the San Jose scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus), Chionaspis euonymi, Lepidosaphes gloveri, L. ulmi, and from a species of Aspidiotus on Acacia longifolia. Eretmocerus Haldeman. °E. corni Haldeman. U. S. Dept. Agric, Bull. 1, Technical Series, Fig. 2 (antennae). Eyes hairy, antennal club of female oar-shaped. Bred from Aleyrodes corni. Ablerus Howard. °A. clisiocampafc Ashmead. Centrodora clisiocampce Ash- mead. U. S. Dept. Agric, Bull. 1, Technical Series, Fig. 14. Length 0.7 mm.; exserted portion of ovipositor 0.18 mm. long ; mostly black, and somewhat metallic ; thorax above with a greenish luster, abdomen appearing bluish ; antennae mostly NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 49I black, second and fourth funicular joints silvery white, apical three-fourths of club light brown, with a rather silvery tinge; legs mostly dark brown, front wings mostly infuscated. Bred from the scurfy scale (Chionaspis furfura) and a species of Aspidiotus on pear and apple. Apparently erroneously said to have been bred from the eggs of Malacosoma americana. ENCYRTIDJE. Key to Genera. 1. Females 2 Males IS 2. Funicle more than 4-jointed 3 Funicle 4-jointed, mandibles bidentate, face with a distinct carina between antennae at their insertion, front minutely shagreened and with minute scattered punctures, scape cylindrical, flagel at most subclavate; anterior wings with the marginal vein twice as long or more than twice as long as the stigmal, postmarginal vein mostly longer than the stigmal, stigmal vein very oblique, subclavate Meromyzobia p. 493 3. Funicle 6-jointed, face not angled; scape, funicle and club not flattened; scutel without grooves 4 Funicle 5-jointed Rhopus p. 493 4. Scutel three-cornered, with or without rounded tip 5 Scutel crescent-shaped, wings rudimentary Baeocharis p. 494 5. Scutel with a bunch of hair at tip •••• 6 Scutel without a bunch of hair at tip 7 6. Pedicel shorter than first funicular joint; mesothorax with- out silvery hairs, marginal vein shorter than stigmal.... Comys p. 494 Pedicel longer than first funicular joint; mesothorax with silvery hairs, marginal vein at least at long as the stigmal Chiloneurus p. 496 7. Head without very large umbilicate punctures 8 Head with very large umbilicate punctures; wings clear, marginal vein wanting or very short . . . . Bothriothorax p. 497 8. Club of antennae obliquely truncate 9 Club of antennae not obliquely truncate; wings developed; scutel arched and with a smooth tip II 9. Facial groove very pronounced 10 Facial groove slight Homalotylus p. 500 10. Pedicel three or more times as long as it is thick at apex.. Litomastix p. 503 Pedicel not three times as long as it is thick at apex Copidosoma p. 498 492 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. ii. Mesthorax lusterless, with dense, fine, clearly defined urn- bilicate punctures 12 Mesothorax more or less lustrous 13 12. Funicular joints thicker than long; marginal vein wanting.. Aphycus p. 501 First to fifth funicular joints longer than thick; marginal vein present Blastothrix p. 502 13. Anterior wings ciliate; apical funicular joint not five times as long as wide 14 Anterior wings not ciliate; sixth funicular joint five times as long as wide Psilophrys p. 503 14. Marginal vein one and one-half times as long as the stigmal, scapulae meeting in a carina; antennae longer than the body Leptomastix p. 503 Marginal vein much shorter than in Leptomastix; scapulae not meeting in a carina; pedicel not three times as long as thick, club thicker than the funicle Encyrtus p. 504 15. Funicle 6-jointed, the joints not triangular; mesothorax with- out an impression before tegulae 16 Funicle 4-jointed, antennae n-jointed, simple, not branched, front as in the description of female above, clypeus not carinate; otherwise much as in the description of the female given above Meromyzobia p. 493 16. Each funicular joint with two half whorls of hairs ..... 17 Each funicular joint hairy, but without half whorls of hairs 20 17. Marginal vein shorter than stigmal 18 Marginal vein longer than stigmal; mesothorax with silver hairs that are close together, scutel usually with a bunch of upright spiny hairs at tip Chiloneurus p. 496 18. Head and dorsum of thorax not thickly covered with large round punctures 19 Head and dorsum of thorax thickly covered with large round punctures Bothriothorax p. 497 19. Wings with long cilia; head and thorax very finely shagreened and lustrous; body flat Rhopus p. 493 Wings with short cilia; body finely punctate, lusterless Blastothrix p. 502 20. Scutel without a bunch of hairs; funicle not or but slightly compressed 2I Scutel with a bunch of erect black hairs before its tip Comys p. 494 21. Head and mesothorax with thick and sharp round punctures 25 Head and mesothorax not thus sculptured 22 22. Mesothorax moderately or strongly lustrous, and usually with distinct sculpture; marginal vein usually shorter than the stigmal, seldom as long, or wings rudimentary 23 Mesothorax lusterless and apparently sculptureless when seen under a low power lens; face delicately arched, pedicel longer than the first funicular joint Aphycus p. 501 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 493 23. Wings developed; head not much punctate, usually with a few scattered punctures or impressions near the eyes.. 24 Wings rudimentary; scutel arched, not reaching the abdomen Baeocharis p. 494 24. Head lengthened below the eyes, trapezoidal when seen from in front Psilophrys p. 503 Head not lengthened below the eyes, round or oval when viewed from in front .Encyrtus p. 504 25. Pedicel three or more times as long as it is thick at apex.. Litomastix p. 503 Pedicel not three times as long as it is thick as apex Copidosoma p. 498 Meromyzobia Ashmead. °M. maculipennis (Ashmead). Ericydnus maculipennis Ash- mead. Male: length 3-3.1 mm.; mostly brownish yellow; head wider than thorax, its surface microscopically shagreened and with a few scattered punctures ; ocelli equidistant, the lateral ones nearly touching the eyes, antennae subfiliform; thorax convex, shining, with sparse microscopic pubesence, pronotum subtriangular, its posterior margin triangularly emarginate, mesopleurae pos- teriorly dark brown; scutel dark brown, twice as long as wide at base, axillae meeting at base, a triangular piece before tegulae honey-yellow, mesothorax blue-black ; legs, except sometimes the mid tibiae outwardly, and the hind femora and tibiae except the basal third of latter, which are fuscous, honey-yellow ; tibial spur of mid legs as long as the first tarsal joint thereof; anterior wings fuscous except two triangular, nearly confluent hyaline spots at the middle, and the basal third, which is hyaline; abdomen ob- long-ovate, as long as the thorax, and blue-black. Bred from a wheat stem maggot (Meromyza sp.), and from Chlorops ingrata. Rhopus Foerster. °R. coccois (E. A. Smith). Acerophagus coccois E. A. Smith. U. S. Dept. Agric, Rept. Entomologist, 1880, PI. 24, Fig. 2. Female : length .055 mm. ; mostly yellow ; head darkest, funicu- lar joints subequal in length, first and second joints slightly shorter, all increasing in width from first to fifth, club as long as funicle, indistinctly 3- jointed; wings hyaline, veins colorless. Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan Pseudo- coccus aceris. DORNECnCDT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST r , . ZY. [Bull. Baeocharis Mar r "B. marlattii Ashmead. Ferine and male: length c — _; mm.; thorax nei ta broad as long, mostly shining black, with some aeneous tinge- ings in certain lights. Male: head much broader than thorax. Female: head much thicker antero-pos: - ioriy than in the male; s converging in front, antennae inserted just above the mouth, apparently only 6-jointed, but really io-jointed, joints of the club ed together, scape not reaching much beyond idle of face and lying in a facial groove, pedicel longer wide, third joint longer than wide : scutel convex : legs mostly brown: k m :; tips : and all of tarsi honey-yellow; abdo- men sessile, broadly oval, with the first segment km ~r; i :?. ::: :-. pro :-:-.'.: : :?o :. 7'. ~ Corr.ys F:;-r«: : C. bicolor Howard. U. S. Dep: Agric Repf Entomolc.: 1880, 188 1. p. 362. PL 23. Fig Female and male: length 1.75 mm.; mostly yellow -brer cheeks below eyes blackish, palpi black, scape silvery bene;, black above, fiagel black, with many short black hair- ax shining black, rest of thorax with black hairs, scutellar ruft th: black, and apparent', arising in two longitudinal, closely ar mated rows; anterior femora white beneath fuscous above, espe- cially toward knee, their tibiae and tarsi dark brown ; mid femora :e beneath, fuscous above, their tibiae tarsi and tibial spars brownish yellow: posterior legs with the femora and ri dark brown, nearly black, base of first tarsal joint black, r : distal two-thir b A ongs dusl- aline wee. nd at the end of the marginal vein : at the junction of n with the costa a broad, clear, hairless band ex- tends back across the wine Eringe of dark hairs upon the sub- :al makes an abrupt downward bend at a little over one-half ength and becomes the proximal border of the hairless space for a little over one-half the wing width ; abdomen shining black, and with sparse long black hairs. Parasitic upon Ltcanium kesperidum on ivy Listed as an American parasite of a cosmopolitan insect Xo. 22.) HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. :C. fusca Howard. Female: length 2.6 mm.; face punctate, yell: vertex dusk}-, cheeks blackish, mouth-parts dusky, scape and pedicel honey-yellow beneath, brown above, flagel blackish, with black hairs ; prothorax ochreous, mesonotum between the parap- sidal grooves, and tegulae, ochreous, the latter blackish at tip, scapulae ochreous. densely and finely punctate, axillae and scutel ochrec :h yellow hairs anteriorly and the tuft black, meta- notum black, except postscutel, which has an ochreous tinge; wings as in the preceding species except that the markings are clearer and more distinct, the veins black, except at the trans- verse clear spot, and the stigma] vein more curved ; front coxae transparent and whitish, their femora, tibiae and tarsi honey-yellow ; mid and hind coxae yellowish, blackish at tips, mid femora yellowish, slightly darker above, their tibiae almost black, yellowish at tip, middle spurs and middle tarsi yellowish, claws blackish, hind legs with femora and tibiae nearly black, their tarsi whitish, except apical joint; abdomen shining black, peduncuk Male: similar to female except as follows: scapulae dnsl prothorax black above, brownish yellow beneath, mesonotum between parapsidal grooves blackish in the middle, ochreous at s::es. Bred from a species of Lecanium on laurel-leaved c :C. albicoxa Ash mead. * Female : length nearly 2 mm. ; head and thorax ferruginous and with pubescence, f.r.ely transversely sculptured, and with some large, widely separated punctures on the head ; palpi black ; antennae n-jointed, pubescent: scape slightly curved and slightly dilated, white except at tip; pedicel and following joints black, each joint flattened and gradually widened toward club ; pro- thorax black, mesothorax, scutel and pleurae microscopically longitudinally strigose, scutel with a tuft of black bristles arranged in two rows toward tip : all coxae pure white ; anterior legs with their femora white, their tibiae honey-yellow, brown: -'-. at tips, their tarsi yellowish white: mid legs with their femora, tibiae and tarsi honey-yellow : hind legs with their femora, tibiae and tibial spurs dark brown, their tarsi, except basal portion of first joint, white, their claws dusk}- : wings brown, with a white 49^ CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. transverse band below the stigma; abdomen black or blue-black, brassy beneath, and with a few hairs along the sides. Male: very like the female, but the antennal joints are not gradually widened toward the tip, the extreme tip of the club is sometimes white or pale, the mesothorax is slightly depressed, and the abdomen is more decidedly blue. This is on record as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan Psbudococcus citri. Also bred from P. adonidum. Chiloneurus Westwood. °C. swezeyi Ashmead. Female: length 1.5 mm.; head brownish yellow above, temples and cheeks pallid or whitish ; thorax beneath pallid or whitish, mesosternum with a black streak, mesonotum with silvery pubescence, scutel bright rust-red, with a tuft of black bristles at apex; front wings hyaline toward base, apical two-thirds fuscous, and with a purplish iridescent spot at lower apical corner ; abdomen, especially above, blackish or dark brown. Male : length 0.8-1 mm. ; color nearly as in female, except that the thorax is more whitish at sides and beneath ; the scutel- lar tuft sometimes absent; the head smaller, the legs yellowish, the trochanters and bases of femora white, the mid femora and tibiae, except a pale basal annulus, more of a brownish yellow, the latter with blackish pubescence outwardly, the tarsi pale, the wings clear. Probably a primary parasite on Ormenis. °C. albicornis Howard. U. S. Dept. Agric, Rept. Entomolo- gist, 1880, PI. 13, Fig. 4. Female: length 1.8 mm.; head bright ferruginous, pedicel of antennae twice as long as wide, dark brown at base, scape dark brown, apex of pedicel and succeeding joints except club snow- white, club black, much flattened, oval, and as long as the four preceding joints combined ; pronotum, mesonotum between parap- sidal grooves, and scapulae, ferruginous; scutel blue-black, with many fine silvery hairs that are close together ; metanotum black, front legs blackish above, yellowish beneath, their tarsi yellowish brown ; mid legs with their femora dark brown, but light toward tips, their tibiae white, tibial spurs and tarsi yellowish ; hind legs dark brown, but with their tarsi yellowish ; anterior wings with a Mo. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 497 :entral dusky patch and with an excurved hairless band at the iistal border of the patch; just below the marginal vein is a lairless line extending obliquely upward and bordered by inward- lirected hairs; at distal end of stigma and postmarginal vein is i transverse clear line, extending one-fourth the distance across :he wing; all veins brownish, marginal very dark, stigmal almost Dbsolete ; abdomen acuminate at tip, black, with many black hairs ; )vipositor yellow-brown. Probably parasitic on Lecanium on pine. Bred from Leca- iium fietcheri, L. caryce, L. sp. on Quercus aquatica, and Kermes >p. on oak. °C. diaspidinarum Howard. Female : length 0.93 mm. ; mostly shining black ; vertex, :heeks, pleurae, and abdomen with metallic bluish reflections ; vertex shagreened, antennae mostly brown, tip of pedicel and all 3f fifth and sixth funicular joints dirty yellow, first funicular joint shorter than pedicel and about as long as broad, second, :hird and fourth joints slightly shorter than first, but about as broad, fifth and sixth much wider, wider than long, club flat- :ened, oval, as long as the four preceding joints combined, scape :ylindrical; mesonotum with silvery pubescence, scutel rounded, densely shagreened above, smooth behind, tuft of bristles com- pact but not erect; front coxae and all tarsi except apical joint, light yellowish; wings colorless, with marginal cilia, marginal vein as long as or a little shorter than stigmal, postmarginal equal in length to the stigmal; abdomen flat, ovipositor very slightly exserted. Bred from female scales of Lepidosaphes ulmi. °C. dactylopii Howard. Female: similar to female of C. formosus Boheman. Male: marginal vein only slightly longer than the stigmal vein. On record as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan com- mon mealy-bug (Pseudococcus citri). Bothriothorax Ratzeburg. °B. noveboracensis Howard. Female: length 1.6 mm.; body mostly bright metallic blue- green; antennae with their scape honey-yellow at base, brown toward tip, flagel brown, first funicular joint one-half as long as 32 49^ CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. the pedicel, second to sixth joints increasing somewhat in width, club obliquely truncate and as long as the two preceding joints combined ; eyes faintly hairy ; axillae well separated at tips, nearly smooth, scutel faintly emarginate at tip, tegulae smooth, light brown at tip, somewhat metallic at base, a marked depression at central hind border of mesonotum, mesopleurae smooth; all legs mostly honey-yellow, front and mid femora brownish, hind tibiae black, all coxae metallic; veins of the wings brown; abdomen faintly shagreened. °B. peculiaris Howard. Female: length 1.75 mm.; mostly blue-green; antennae with their joints not well defined, scape not reaching to top of head, its basal half honey-yellow, its distal half black above, yellowish beneath, flagel black, and with dense black hairs, pedicel twice as long as thick, longer than first funicular joint, funicular joints subcylindrical, increasing in diameter from first to sixth, the sixth as long as thick, club much flattened, somewhat sharply obliquely truncate at tip and as long as the three preceding joints combined; scutel uniformly punctate; anterior wings slightly ciliate at tip; anterior femora black with green luster, yellow at tip, mid and hind femora honey-yellow, front and mid tibiae honey-yellow, hind tibiae somewhat compressed laterally and black, all tarsi honey-yellow. Male: differs from female in the antennae, which are much longer and more slender, in the first funicular joint being three times as long as thick and one-third longer than the pedicel, in the club, which is only nearly as long as the two preceding joints combined, and in the antennae and front femora being honey- yellow throughout. Bred from a syrphid larva on an oak leaf. Copidosoma Ratzeburg. °C. gelechias Howard. Female: length 1.5 mm.; head black with purplish reflections, antennae nearly black throughout, pedicel as long as first funicular joint, its tip yellowish, club obliquely truncate at apex, and as long as the five preceding joints combined, joints of the funicle gradually decreasing in length from the first to sixth, punctures No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 499 of head nearly round; mesonotum between parapsidal grooves bright golden green and with longitudinally lengthened punc- tures ; axillae subdued golden green, with transverse scratches toward tip, broader near base; scutel very dark brownish green, longitudinally scratched, scutel especially narrow down the me- dian portion ; tegulae concolorous with the scutel ; pronotum con- colorous with the head; all coxse dark green, front and mid legs entirely honey-yellow, hind femora dark green except tips, which are yellow, hind tibiae mostly yellow, with a dark band around proximal third, tarsi yellow ; abdomen smooth and shining, and with a greenish luster ; ovipositor slightly exserted. Male : length 1.6 mm. ; antennal club slightly longer than sixth funicular joint, pedicel nearly as thick as long, first joint of funicle nearly three times as long as pedicel ; head, pronotum, and mesonotum between the parapsidal grooves bright golden green, axillae and scutel a shade less brilliant; all legs nearly black throughout, with a greenish luster and with yellowish knees, middle tibial spur and first tarsal joint yellow, rest of mid tarsi and all joints of anterior and posterior tarsi blackish; otherwise nearly as in the opposite sex. Bred from larvae of Gelechia gallcesolidaginis. °C. intermedium Howard. Female: length 1.25 mm.; differs from the preceding species as follows: antennae black; mesonotum between the parapsidal grooves with only slightly longitudinally elongated punctures behind, punctures of scutel subaciculate longitudinally, but not so sharp, punctures of axillae nearly round; front legs dark brown throughout; mid legs with their femora dark brown, with a light brown shade near bases of tibiae, most of their tibise, their tibial spurs and their tarsi light yellow ; hind legs with greenish femora, their tibiae dark brown, yellowish at tip, and their tarsi yellow. Male: nearly as in the opposite sex, with the following ex- ceptions : punctures of vertex rather transversely elongate, those of mesonotum between the parapsidal grooves broader, narrower in the center; flagel of antennas strongly flattened, first joint of funicle three times as long as the pedicel and much wider, antennae brown, scape darker than flagel ; head, pronotum, scutel and axillae with a strong bluish green luster; anterior and mid femora and 500 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. tibiae dark brown with yellowish tips, posterior femora and tibiae nearly black with a greenish luster, yellow only at joints, anterior and posterior tarsi brown, middle tarsi yellow. Bred from larvae of Gelechia gallaasterella. C. turni Packard. Scudder, Butterflies of New England, Vol. iii, 1889, PI. 89, Fig. 5. Female : length 2 mm. ; head bright metallic green, sometimes appearing blue; antennae dark brown, club of antennae obliquely truncate from the tip nearly to its base, first funicular joint longer than pedicel and as thick as long, second to sixth funicu- lar joints wider; face punctate; mesonotum between parapsidal grooves metallic green and shagreened, pronotum and scutel copper-bronze, the latter with a scaly sculpture; marginal vein slightly shorter than the stigmal ; all coxae dark, with metallic reflections, all tibiae brownish over a little more than the basal half, their tips honey-yellow, all tarsi and their claws yellow; abdomen shining black, with metallic green and blue reflections. Male: differs from the other sex chiefly as follows: pedicel slightly shorter than first funicular joint, other funicular joints subequal in length and thickness, club 2-jointed, the apex rounded ; antennae honey-yellow. Bred from Papilio glaucus. °C. variegatum Howard. Female : length 0.93 mm. ; mostly black, with brilliant metallic green luster; head punctate as in gelechia; scape mostly black, white at apex, pedicel black, first to fourth funicular joints white, fifth and sixth brown, club brown, flattened, rounded at tip, as long as the funicle, pedicel twice as long as the first funicular joint; thorax punctate as in gelechia:; marginal vein want- ing; all coxae metallic, femora and tibiae mostly dark brown, white at tips ; all tarsi white. Bred from a larva of the peach-twig moth (Anarsia linear tella). Homalotylus Mayr. °H. terminalis Say. Length more than 1 mm. ; body somewhat piceous*; head yellowish, antennae blackish, first joint nearly as long as the remaining joints combined, apical joint compressed, subtriangular NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 501 and white ; wings with a broad dusky band ; intermediate tarsi white except at tip. Parasitic on Coccinellids. Aphycus Mayr. °A. pulchellus Howard. Female: length 1.35 mm.; mostly dark orange; ocelli nearly equidistant, the lateral ones well separated from the eye margin and nearer to the anterior ocellus than to each other ; scape black, slightly orange above near the apex, pedicel mostly black, light at tip, funicle with its first joint brown, its second, third, and some- times fourth, joints light brown, rest of funicle and club dirty yellow; metanotum pallid; wings hyaline, veins apparently color- less; all legs pallid; abdomen elliptical, pallid above. Bred from a species of Kermes on Quercus tinctoria. °A. pulvinariae Howard. Female : length 1 mm. ; mostly dull yellow ; scape mostly black, whitish at tip, with a leaf-like expansion beneath, pedicel black at base, yellowish white beyond, first three joints of funicle dusky, the other funicular joints yellowish white, club dark brown, lighter at apex, compressed, and as long as the four pre- ceding joints combined; metanotum and dorsum of abdomen dusky, nearly black. Bred from Pulvinaria innumerabilis and Lecanium Het chert. °A. flavus Howard. Female: length 1.2 mm.; mostly bright orange-yellow; scape with a dusky patch above and somewhat broadened beneath on its basal half, club nearly as long as the funicle, compressed, and with its basal half dark brown, first and second funicular joints slightly dusky; wings clear, the veins yellowish. This is an American parasite of the cosmopolitan Lepidosaphes citricola. °A. brunneus Howard. Female: length 1.06 mm.; body mostly yellow brown, yellow beneath; head shagreened, scape not broadened, pedicel brown, flagel yellowish, club brown; mesonotum between parapsidal grooves, scapulas, and scutel densely punctate, the punctures of the two former transversely oval and those of the latter longi- 502 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. tudinally oval, and converging toward the anterior angle, poste- rior border of scutel smooth, as is the metanotum; all coxae brown, front legs with their tibiae, femora, and tarsi yellowish white, with a dorsal brownish patch on the femora and tibiae ; mid legs with femora and tibiae yellowish white except for a median brown annulus on each, their tarsi yellow ; hind legs with their femora and tibiae brown, but white at base of femora and at base and apex of tibiae, their tarsi yellowish white ; veins of the wings yellowish, dusky at origin of stigmal vein; ovipositor slightly exserted. This is on record as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan Diaspis roses. Blastothrix Mayr. B. sericea Dalman. Female: mostly green, smooth, dull and sericeous; head scarcely wider than the thorax, impunctate, antennae distinctly separated at their insertion, which is below the front, scape com- pressed, black, flagel dusky at base, sixth and seventh joints pallid, apex obscure and compressed; thorax impunctate; legs mostly fuscous, their knees white, hind femora green, tarsi white, middle tibiae bi-annulate with fuscous; wings hyaline, stigmal vein black : abdomen much shorter than thorax, obtuse, depressed above, base and apex green, shining, disk obscure aeneous. Reared from Phenacoccus acericola parasitized by Baccha fascipennis in New Haven, August, 1905 (W. E. B.). °B. longipennis Howard. Female: length 1.75 mm.; head greenish above, bluish around the mouth; pedicel longer than first funicular joint, and together with the club and first to fourth joints of the funicle, black, fifth and sixth joints of funicle cream-white, club oval, somewhat compressed and rather longer than the two preceding joints combined; ocelli nearly equidistant; thorax above metallic green, tegulae whitish, brownish at tip, pleurae bright green, whitish at posterior border; anterior and posterior femora metallic green, white at tips, median femora light brown, white at tips and with a distinct dark patch beneath at the distal end, anterior and posterior tibiae black with a greenish tinge, yellowish at distal end and white at the proximal extremity, median tibiae No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 503 yellowish with two black bands, but white at the proximal end, all tarsi yellowish white with the apical joint darker; veins of the wings dark brown, postmarginal longer than marginal and about as long as the stigmal ; abdomen greenish above, bluish beneath. Bred from Lecanium iietcheri, L. robiniarum, and other spe- cies of Lecanium. Psilophrys Mayr. °P. pallipes Ashmead. Female : length 1.5 mm. ; head smooth ; thorax golden green, finely sculptured, with the disk of the scutel impressed anteriorly, metapleurae distinctly blue; all legs uniformly pale testaceous in color, except a blotch on the posterior femora. Bred from Gelechia gall&solidagmis. Litomastix Thomson. °L. truncatella Dalman. U. S. Dept. Agric, Rept. Entomolo- gist, 1883, PI. xi, Fig. 6. Mostly obscure greenish aeneous; head impunctate, front im- pressed, more shining, mouth yellowish, antennae entirely black, flagel scarcely twice as long as the scape, apex of antennae conico- acuminate ; thorax above cyaneous, sericeous, scutel obscure greenish aeneous, thorax beneath obscure aeneous; legs black or obscure blackish aeneous, knees more or less testaceous, tarsi fuscous ; wings hyaline, veins fuscous ; abdomen mostly black, somewhat shining, and partly cyaneous. Recorded as a parasite of the cabbage looper (Autographa brassicce). Leptomastix Foerster. °L. dactylopii Howard. Female: length 1.51 mm.; mostly honey-yellow, with a light reddish tinge on the mesonotum ; occiput just behind the eyes, and the antennae except for a slight yellow streak beneath, black ; posterior margin of pronotum and dorsal surface of posterior femora more or less dusky; abdomen above dusky. Male: length 0.95 mm. ; apparently darker than the female ; the amount of black on dorsum of thorax variable; mesonotum yellow, scapulae often very dark, scutel often with a median dark stripe, hind tibiae and tarsi dark. Bred from Dactylopius destructor. 504 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Encyrtus Latreille. °E. inquisitor Howard. U. S. Dept. Agric, Rept. Entomolo- gist, 1880, PI. 24, Fig. 1. Female: length 1.5 mm.; head black with metallic bluish reflections, antennae dark brown, head finely punctate; scape cylindrical, slightly widened toward tip, pedicel twice as long as thick, following joints not as long as thick, subequal, the eighth longest and thickest, club slightly compressed, longer than the six preceding joints combined, elongate-ovate, rounded at tip; mesonotum very dark, with coppery reflections, more coarsely punctate than the head and in addition shagreened, scutel black with purplish reflections ; marginal vein almost obso- lete, postmarginal vein a trifle shorter than the stigmal, at the junction of the stigmal and marginal veins a short hyaline inter- ruption of the brown vein, proximal third of the anterior wings clear, the rest cloudy, hind wings clear; all coxae, femora and tibiae dark brown, tarsi honey-yellow, except apical joint, which is dark brown ; abdomen smooth and shining, black with purplish reflections; ovipositor not exserted. It is on record as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan common mealy-bug (Pseudococcus citri). °E. flavus Howard, Rept. U. S. Com. Agric, 1880, PI. 23, Figs. 7, 8. Female: length 1.2 mm.; mostly ocher-yellow ; scape yellow- ish, somewhat widened below, second to fifth joints brown above, yellowish beneath, sixth to eighth, joints snowy white, club black ; metanotum brownish ; basal third of anterior wings clear, middle third dusky and separated by a clear transverse band from the distal third, which is also dusky, with two large wedge-shaped clear spots entering it, one from the anterior, the other from the posterior border of the wing ; marginal vein very dark brown, the remaining veins lighter and more indistinct; all tarsi dusky at tips; abdomen with brown lateral spots on the first and second segments. Male : length 0.85 mm. ; mostly shining metallic green ; scape light yellow, flagel dusky; mesonotum with a bronze or copper tinge ; wings clear, veins dark brown ; all legs light yellow, nearly white, tarsi dark at tips. NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 505 Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan soft scale (Coccus hesperidum) , also bred from Eulecanium cerasifex and E. fletcheri. °E. montinus Packard. Scudder, Butterflies of New England, Vol. iii, PI. 89, Fig. 4. Female : length 2 mm. ; mostly metallic green above, dull yellow at sides and beneath ; head dull yellow, scape testaceous, pedicel and first four joints of funicle yellowish brown with dark hairs, fifth and sixth joints of funicle white with white hairs, club black with black hairs; pronotum, tegulae and legs yellow, except hind femora, which are somewhat dusky above; front wings cloudy, with a single clear band extending across the wing from just beyond the stigma to the posterior border, curving slightly outward, an oblique hairless line also extending from the stigma across toward the base of the wing, the course of one of the spurious veins extending from the hairless line to the hyaline band ; abdomen with its tip dull yellow. °E. bucculatricis Howard. Lintner, First N. Y. Kept, 1882, Fig. 43- , Female: length 1.2 mm.; mostly black, with a slight luster; antennae, except scape, yellowish brown with gray hairs; wings clear; mid legs with their trochanters and femoro-tibial articu- lations, a medial band and distal end on tibiae, and the spurs of the latter, whitish, front and hind legs colored the same except the medial tibial band, all tarsi whitish, often with a yellowish tinge; abdomen smooth, ovipositor slightly exserted. Bred from Bucculatrix pomifoliella. °E. anasae Ashmead. Female: length 1.25 mm.; head blue-black, cheeks decidedly blue, antennae mostly pale brown, scape yellowish at base ; thorax blue-black, except the tip of the scutel, which is cupreous, and the pleurae, which are decidedly blue ; femora with a large bluish blotch in the middle, tarsi yellowish; abdomen cupreous. Recorded as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan squash bug (Anasa tristis). °E. (Aphidencyrtus) aphidiphagus Ashmead. Female: body mostly blue-black; length 1.5 mm.; face and mouth-parts blue, ocellar region greenish, antennae brown; hind 506 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. margin of thorax metallic green; wings hyaline; legs mostly honey-yellow, all femora brown except at tips, tibiae with a brown blotch near their base, terminal tarsal joints dusky ; abdomen blue-black with bronzy reflections. Bred from Aphis brassicce. °E. clisiocampae Ashmead. Female : length 0.8 mm. ; mostly aeneous or dark bronzy green; antennae n-jointed, pale brown; mesopleurae blue-black, tip of scutel violaceous; wings hyaline; coxae, femora and tibiae pale brown outwardly toward base, rest of legs light honey- yellow ; abdomen aeneous, its membranous attachment to the thorax whitish or carneous. Male : legs mostly pale, their femora and tibiae only slightly dusky; antennae paler brown. Bred from the eggs of Malacosoma disstria. signifhoridje. Signiphora Ashmead. °S. flavopalliata Ashmead. Orange Insects, 1880, PI. ii, Figs. 2, 3, 6, 8, 12, 13. Face round, ocelli equidistant or nearly so, antennae inserted at the border of the clypeus, 6- jointed, scape reaching nearly to the top of the head when lying in apposition with the same, pedi- cel nearly as long as the scape, first three joints of the funicle very small, club apparently without sutures, mandibles bidentate, labial palpi rudimentary, maxillary palpi 3-jointed; anterior wings with the submarginal and marginal veins subequal in length, stigmal vein thinner than the marginal and curved, marginal and stigmal veins with some stiff bristles, disk of wing not ciliate, margin of wing ciliate from just beyond the stigmal vein around to a point opposite the stigmal vein, hind wings with the margin ciliate from beyond the marginal vein around nearly to the hind base; mid tibiae with a number of stout bristles, apical spur as long as the first tarsal joint and with five or six bristles at regular intervals on the inner edge ; front and hind legs unarmed ; abdomen broadly sessile, rounded at tip, apical spiracles facing ventrally, ovipositor somewhat exserted. Male: penis cleft at tip. Listed as an American parasite of the purple scale (Lepido- saphes beckii). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 507 eupelmim:. Key to Genera. 1. Eyes hairy, at least in the female 2 Eyes not hairy; posterior tibiae and first tarsal joint not com- pressed 7 2. Females 3 Males 5 3. Hind tibiae and first tarsal joint not compressed, or the for- mer rarely only slightly so, front femora not much swollen, first tarsal joint of mid legs with strong spines or minute black teeth beneath; head as long as wide, or nearly so, face rarely deeply excavated, front ocellus never placed in a furrow, eyes oblong or ovate; axillae widely separated, wings present, scutel without a tuft of hair; abdomen clavate or spatulate, not as long as thorax or shorter than head and thorax combined; depressed or flat above, dorsal flaps not incised, or the incision not very deep 4 Hind tibiae and first tarsal joint compressed; axillae meeting at base of scutel; antennae 13-jointed Metapelma p. 508 4. Malar furrow distinct, no carina extending from lower part of each eye to base of each antenna; antennae inserted on or somewhat below an imaginary straight line drawn tangent to base of eyes, rarely slighted above such a line Anastatus p. 508 Malar furrow indistinct or subobsolete, a distinct carina ex- tending from lower part of each eye to base of each an- tenna; antennae inserted just above clypeus Arachnophaga p. 509 5. Hind tibiae and first tarsal joint not compressed, or former rarely only slightly so, front femora not much swollen; antennae not branched 6 Hind tibiae and first tarsal joint compressed; eyes hairy, flagel subclavate, obliquely truncate at tip .. Metapelma p. 508 6. Antennae inserted near middle of face above an imaginary straight line drawn tangent to base of eyes, flagel fili- form, clothed with dense pubescence, joints of funicle thicker than long; mesonotal furrows distinct, entire; hind tibiae not compressed; postmarginal vein twice or nearly twice as long as the stigmal Anastatus p. 508 Antennae inserted just above clypeus or below an imaginary straight line drawn tangent to base of eyes; hind tibiae somewhat compressed; pedicel obconic, smaller than first joint of funicle, joints of the latter, except sometimes the sixth and seventh, longer than thick; dorsal abdominal segments not incised medially at apex Arachnophaga p. 509 508 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 7. Front not indented below the antennal groove; middle or anterior ocellus not situate in antennal groove; scutel with a narrow base 8 Front indented below the antennal grooves; anterior or mid- dle ocellus in antennal groove; middle tibiae not very long Eusandalum p. 509 8. First tarsal joint of mid legs with strong spines beneath.... Eupelmus p. 510 First tarsal joint of mid legs without strong spines beneath Ptinobius p. 511 Metapelma Westwood. °M. spectabilis Westwood. Female : length 4.5 mm. ; head green with cupreous reflections, antennae black ; thorax concolorous with the head ; anterior and mid legs ferruginous with greenish reflections, mid tarsi fuscous, white at base, posterior legs fuscous, with their femora rufous at base, their tibiae white at base ; wings cloudy behind the middle, hardly infumated ; abdomen black with chalybeous and purple reflections, ovipositor nearly half the length of the body. Anastatus Motschulsky. °A. mirabilis Walsh. Eupelmus mirabilis. Insects of Missouri, 6th Ann. Rept., 1874, Figs. 48, 49. Female : length 3-3.5 mm. ; head brilliant greenish coppery, with purple reflections, mouth and clypeus black, antennas with the scape rufous and the other joints brown-black ; prothorax rufous, mesonotum brilliant greenish coppery color, rest of thorax above black, with blue and green reflections, pleurae sometimes rufo-piceous in part, sternum black, with metallic green reflec- tions, membranous parts before and on each side of scutel rufous, a bright blue plate on each side of metathorax ; legs rufous, hind coxa? dusky, especially above, mid and hind femora and tibiae a little clouded externally with dusky, last tarsal joint of all legs dusky; front wings mostly dusky, with the apical sixth some- times hyaline and the basal third and a transverse widely inter- rupted band a little beyond the middle whitish subhyaline, veins brown, hind wings hyaline, with their veins pale brown ; abdomen mostly black, first segment with all but its basal fourth semi- transparent white, sheaths of ovipositor white. >Jo. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 509 Male: smaller than female; partly brilliant metallic green, vith faint blue and purple reflections ; head bright green, antennae >lack ; thorax above either bright metallic or coppery green, with )urple reflections, metathorax more bluish ; all femora dusky, vith a faint bluish reflection, trochanters rufous, coxae steel-blue, :ront and middle tibiae white, hind tibiae dusky, all tarsi white, vith the apical joint occasionally dusky; wings hyaline, stigmal rein faint ; abdomen dark metallic blue. Arachnophaga Ashmead. °A. picea Riley. Female: length 3.1 mm.; mostly aeneous black, with bronzy ind metallic reflections; lower part of face and cheeks metallic freen, anterior edge of clypeus and the mandibles ferruginous, )alpi blackish, scape pale ferruginous ; trochanters, anterior and nid femora, tibiae and tarsi beneath, and posterior femora at tip, :erruginous, posterior femora and posterior coxae with a metallic icneous tinge, the latter with some silvery hairs, rest of legs )lackish; wings hyaline, with a fuliginous blotch below the mar- ginal vein ; tegulae dull fuscous, mesopleurae blue-black ; abdomen )vate, truncate behind, flat above, convex beneath, ovipositor learly one-third the length of the body. Male: body 2.1 mm. long; colored like the female except as bllows: legs not ferruginous beneath, mid and posterior tarsi vhite, wings clear hyaline throughout, with the veins pallid. Bred from the eggs of a spider (Epeira globosa). Eusandalum Ratzeburg. Ratzeburgia Foerster. °E. amphicerovorum Ashmead. Kansas State Agricultural rollege, Experiment Station, Bull. 3, 1888, Fig. 3. Male: length nearly 8 mm.; head purple and gold, antennae )lack, with aeneous tinges ; thorax mostly metallic brown, pro- horax at sides and the'metathorax blue ; legs reddish yellow, with he hind coxae purplish; abdomen metallic brown with a brassy ipot at base. Bred from Amphicerus bicaudatus. 510 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Eupelmus Dalman. °E. allynii French. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; mostly black with a greenish luster ; antennae uniformly black; wings hyaline; legs more or less yellow ; femora of anterior and posterior legs, or all femora may be fuscous except at ends, tibiae with basal half fuscous, terminal joint of tarsi fuscous ; or all femora may be pale red and the tibiae fuscous, or the mid tibiae may be a little clouded at base., Male: femora yellow, front tibiae yellow, mid and hind tibiae fuscous, except at apices, which are yellow ; otherwise colored as in the female. This is on record as an important American parasite of the Hessian fly. °E. reduvii Howard. Female : length on an average 2.4 mm. ; head dark metallic green, scape light yellow-brown, flagel black, with whitish hairs; mesonotum metallic green with coppery brown reflections, scutel brilliant light metallic green, sides of mesosternum yellowish; front legs yellowish brown, darker along the upper side, tarsal claws dark brown, mid legs colored like the front legs except that the serrated edge of first two tarsal joints is nearly black, hind legs all dark brown, lighter beneath ; front wing with a dusky transverse band at the point where the subcostal vein reaches the costa, and another transverse band at the point where the stigma is given off, with its proximal border convex and well defined and its distal border gradually merging into the hyaline wing tip. Male: average length 1.5 mm.; antennae dark brown; head, prothorax, and mesonotum dark metallic green, rest of thorax coppery brown; abdomen dark brown, nearly black; front legs mostly light yellow, their tarsal claws brown; mid femora yel- lowish, with a brown stripe along the upper edge, their tibiae yellow, with a brown annulation at distal end, tibial spines yellow, first and second tarsal joints yellow, the rest brown ; hind femora brown, proximal half of their tibiae yellow, the remainder dark brown ; all coxae yellow ; wings clear, subcostal vein and stigma light brown. Listed as an American parasite of the cosmopolitan squash bug (Anasa tristis). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 511 °E. limneriae Howard. Female : length 3 mm. ; mostly metallic green, including coxae ; antennae black with metallic reflections ; head about as wide as thorax ; front femora honey-yellow, with a dark, somewhat metallic stripe on the outer side, mid femora honey-yellow, some- what darker above, hind femora metallic, front and mid tibiae honey-yellow, hind tibiae with somewhat more than basal half fuscous, all tarsi yellowish, black at tip; abdomen about as long is the thorax. This is a secondary parasite of the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leucostigma) with (Limnerium) Campo- plex (?) validus as host, also a tertiary parasite of the above moth with Spilochalcis debilis as host. °E. zeli Ashmead. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; head and thorax mostly dark metallic green; antennae pale brown; posterior raised lobe of mesonotum bluish, raised portion of mesonotum outside of parapsidal grooves, pleurae, sternum, and legs including coxae, mostly rufo-piceous, scutel and scapulae bright golden, mid legs with their first to fourth tarsal joints provided with black teeth beneath, their spurs and tarsi yellowish, upper edge of posterior tibiae blackish ; wings hyaline, with two transverse brown bands; abdomen blue-black, exserted portion of ovipositor as long as the body. Bred from the eggs of a bug, Zelus longipes. °E. sp. Bred from a Cecidomyid, Diplosis resinicola, on Pinus rigida. °E. sp. Host: Aleiodes intermedins. Ptinobius Ashmead. This genus is referred to the Cleonymidae in Ashmead's classi- fication. °P. magnificus Ashmead. Kansas State Agricultural College, Experiment Station, Bull. 3, 1888, Fig. 2. Female: length 6 mm.; purple and gold-green; antennae mostly dark brown, with the scape yellowish brown; legs red, with the single tibial spur of mid pair white ; wings hyaline, with the exception of two brown blotches, one beneath the commence- 512 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. ment of the marginal vein, the other at the beginning of the postmarginal ; abdomen with the first and second segments cupreous, the third golden green, the fourth purplish green, the fifth and following segments all dark blue; ovipositor not exserted beyond tip of abdomen. Reared from the beetle Amphicerus bicaudatus. CALLIMOMJME. Key to Genera. i. Ovipositor exserted; antennae with one ring-joint; flagel be- yond ring-joint 8-jointed '. 2 Ovipositor not exserted Ormyrus p. 512 2. Stigmal vein knobless, or without a large knob; abdomen in male not narrowed 3 Stigmal vein with a very large knob; abdomen in male much narrowed at base Megastigmus p. 513 3. Posterior femora more or less dentate beneath 4 Posterior femora not at all dentate beneath 6 4. Posterior femora beneath with a single large tooth some distance from the knee, scutel with a transverse furrow behind the middle 5 Posterior femora finely dentate and in some cases with a single larger tooth in addition at some distance from the knee; posterior margin of first abdominal segment not incised Oligosthenus p. 514 5. Posterior margin of first abdominal segment not incised in either sex Monodontomerus p. 514 Posterior margin of first abdominal segment incised in the middle in the female, incised or not incised in the male Diomorus p. 513 6. Scutel with a distinct transverse furrow; first abdominal seg- ment with its posterior margin entire or incised Syntomaspis p. 514 Scutel without a transverse furrow; first abdominal segment of male with its posterior margin incised. .. .Callimome p. 515 Ormyrus Westwood. °0. ventricosus Ashmead. Female: length 4 mm. or nearly so; mostly uniform aeneous green or dark greenish blue, including the scape and legs; an- terior tarsal joints streaked above with brown, and the four ter- minal joints of middle legs brown, the basal joints yellowish, or ^O. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 513 .11 tarsal joints whitish and rest of legs greenish blue; abdomen >luish green above. Bred from Andricus ventricosus. °0. vacciniicola Ashmead.. Female : length 2.5-3 mm- > mostly blue-black, with a slight netallic luster ; head finely transversely rugulose, antennae mostly lark brown, scape rufous ; thorax with wrinkled sculpture almost wanting; legs mostly pale brown with a reddish cast, posterior emora slightly infuscated above, all coxse brown, except base of >osterior pair; wings hyaline with brown veins; abdomen much ompressed, brown with a metallic luster, a row of white hairs m each segment except the basal one, the apex produced into a lender point. Bred from the gall-fly Solenozopheria vaccinii. °0. sp. Bred from Diastrophus cuscutceformis. Megastigmus Dalman. °M. canadensis Ashmead. Female : length 2.5 mm. ; mostly scaly punctate, and blue or luish green in color; head broader than thorax, antennae brown nd pubescent ; wings hyaline, stigmal vein knobbed and extending o the middle of the wing ; legs mostly yellowish white, femora, :xcept at tips, brown or greenish ; abdomen dull metallic green. Bred from an oak gall, Biorhiza forticornis. °M. (?) flavipes Ashmead. Male: length 1.5 mm.; mostly light blue, finely and conflu- ntly punctate; antennae brownish black; wings hyaline, stigmal ein rather as in Torymus, knobbed, legs yellow ; abdomen toward .pex aeneous. Reared from a cecidomyious larva on cedar. Diomorus Walker. °D. zabriskei Cresson. Female : length 5 mm. ; mostly bright metallic green, varied vith shades of blue; antennae mostly black, base of scape testa- eous; thorax confluently punctate; wings hyaline, faintly dusky t tips ; legs mostly green or blue, tibiae fuscous or black, whitish 33 514 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. at base, as is also the base of the tarsi, posterior femora with a tooth beneath near apex; abdomen smooth, polished, green to brilliant blue or purple in certain lights, ovipositor rather longer than the abdomen. Bred from the nest of Ceratina dupla. Oligosthenus Foerster. °0. stigma Fabricius. Female : length 4.5 mm. ; mostly black, only slightly shining metallic, punctate and rugulose; mandibles, tibiae and tarsi more or less yellowish ; wings mostly hyaline, with a rounded cloud near the stigmal vein and in addition a weaker cloud in the middle of the wing, which latter is connected with the former by a weak shadow-like infuscation ; abdomen compressed from side to side, ovipositor much longer than the abdomen, and yellowish. Male: much like the female. Bred from the cosmopolitan rose gall-fly {Rhodites rosce). Monodontomerus Westwood. M. aereus Walker. Female : length 2.5-3.3 mm. ; dark green, often with more or less coppery color ; tibiae reddish-brown, tarsi yellow ; the row of pits at the margin of the scutellum complete, and as distinct medially as laterally; ovipositor about two-thirds as long as the abdomen ; propodeum medially carinate, and basally on each side of the carina a quadrangular depression ; back of these usually another smaller depression. Male: essentially as in the female. A parasite of the brown-tail moth, introduced into Massachu- setts from Europe in 1906, and now widely distributed. Re- covered at Putnam, 191 1, and at Hartford and Suffield, 191 5. Syntomaspis Foerster.* S. lazulella Ashmead. Female : length 2.6 mm. ; mostly blue, with close punctures ; antennae black, face with slight metallic tingeisgs ; pleurae also with slight metallic tingeings, collar and mesonotum transversely scratched in addition to being punctate ; anterior tibiae and all tarsi, except apical joints, pale yellowish white, tibiae usually with a blue streak above, mid and posterior tibiae, except narrowly * Soe Callimome for species sometimes referred to this ijenus. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 515 at base and apex, blue ; wings hyaline, venation pale, the marginal vein about six times as long as the postmarginal, the latter twice as long as the stigmal, stigmal vein with a slight process ; abdo- men smooth and impunctate, except for a scaly punctuation at the sides. Reared from timothy grass infested by Isosoma, at the Experi- ment Station in New Haven. Bred from oak galls. Callimome Spinola. Torymus Dalman. C. bedeguaris (Linnaeus). Torymus magniftcus Osten Sacken. Female: length 4 mm. or a little longer. Male: length 3.5 mm. Thorax green or bluish green, collar with a purplish red spot near its junction with the head; abdomen blue or greenish at base, purplish and coppery toward tip, exserted portion of ovipositor 5-6 mm. long. Bred from the root gall of the rose produced by Rlwdites radicum, also from R. bicolor, etc. *C. brevicauda Osten Sacken. C. sackeni Ashmead. Female: length 3.5 mm. Male: length 3 mm. or slightly longer. Mostly bluish green; anterior coxae yellow, with a green spot near the base, tarsi reddish yellow ; abdomen with red- dish or coppery reflections, exserted portion of ovipositor about 1.5 mm. long. Reared from the galls of Diastrophus nebulosus on blackberry stems. *C. flavicoxa Osten Sacken. Female: length about 3 mm.; mostly coppery green; tarsi yellow, hind coxae yellow, except at base, where they are bright green ; anterior wings with a slight shade of yellow in the middle ; anterior half of abdomen yellow, remainder of abdomen purplish coppery, exserted portion of ovipositor 2.5 mm. long. Bred from the galls of Rhodites radicum. °C. advena Osten Sacken Syntomaspis. Female: length about 3 mm. Male: length about 2 mm. Mostly greenish blue; head punctate; thorax punctate; femora greenish or bluish, tibiae of female yellow, posterior pair infus- 5l6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. cated in the middle, all tibiae in the male infuscated, tarsi mostly yellow, whitish at base, brown at tip; abdomen dark green and shining in the male, brilliant green and in part bluish in the female ; exserted portion of ovipositor 2.3-3 mm- long. Reared from the galls of Diastrophus nebulosus on blackberry stems. °C. harrisi Fitch. Female and male: length 2.5 mm.; mostly black; basal joint of antennas black in the male, pale or whitish in the female; anterior wings usually with a smoky cloud or spot in the middle ; legs mostly pale yellow, femora black, anterior and posterior tibiae more or lees dusky, claws black. °C. tubicola Osten Sacken. Syntomaspis. Female: length 2.2 mm. Male : length 1.7 mm. Mostly green with bluish reflections ; thorax sericeous, with some scattered impressions that are indistinct; legs mostly black or greenish black, tarsi whitish, except tips, which are black ; abdomen bright, shining green or bluish green, exserted portion of ovipositor 0.25 mm. long. Bred from the galls of Andricus tubicola. °C. chrysochlora Osten Sacken. Female: length 3.5-4 mm. Male: length 2.5 mm. Mostly bright green; legs yellow; abdomen somewhat bluish near the base, exserted portion of ovipositor about 3 mm. long, Bred from the galls of Rhodites dichlocerus. °C. sp. Bred from Diastrophus cuscutaformis. °C. pachypsyllae (Ashmead). Monodontomerus pachypsylla Ashmead. Female : length 3-4 mm. ; mostly golden green ; finely conflu- ently punctate and with a few scattered punctures; occiput, face and cheek more or less blue; scape and pedicel pale brownish yellow, flagel brown-black; collar above blue, metathorax and mesopleurae steel-blue, scutel with a transverse furrow behind the middle; wings mostly hyaline, veins brown, stigma ovate, with a slight projection and a dusky shade surrounding it; legs, includ- ing all coxae, pale testaceous, posterior femora armed beneath with a subapical tooth or process ; abdominal flap straight, ovipositor No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 517 2.5-3 mm. long and brown-black. Male : length nearly 2 mm. ; differs from the other sex in the almost entirely green head and in the presence of more of the metathoracic blue on the thorax. Reared from the Psyllid Pachypsylla venusta Osten Sacken. EURYTOMIDAE. Key to Genera. 1. Metathorax above not longer than scutel ". . 2 Metathorax above always longer than scutel 9 2. Marginal vein stigmated; hind tibiae posteriorly provided with rigid bristles; antennae at most n-jointed, with one ring-joint, funicle 4-jointed and very similar in both sexes, without whorls of hair 3 Marginal vein not stigmated 4 3. Front wings without a dusky submarginal blotch or band.. Eudecatoma p. 519 Front wings with a dusky submarginal blotch or band .... Decatoma p. 518 4. Antennae 13-jointed, with two or three ring-joints, and very similar in both sexes, funicle joints not excised or petiolate at apex and without whorls of hair 5 Antennae 10- to 12-jointed, with only one ring-joint, and dissimilar in the sexes, male funicle joints excised or petiolate at apex, and with whorls of hair or with sparse hair; body not metallic; mesonotum umbiKcately punc- tate; first joint of flagel shorter than scape; mesonotum with distinct, complete furrows; head sometimes with a deep antennal furrow, but anterior ocellus never placed therein 6 5. Pronotum quadrate, a little narrower than mesonotum Macrorileya p. 519 Pronotum as wide as mesonotum, a little more than twice as wide as long Rileya p. 520 6. Marginal vein always distinctly longer than stigmal vein, and tibiae with two apical spurs 7 Marginal vein not as long as or scarcely longer than stig- mal vein 8 7. Females: postmarginal vein not much longer than stigmal; antennae filiform or nearly so, at most subclavate, not much thickened toward apex; joints of funicle cylindrical; abdomen conic-ovate, subcompressed, fifth segment seen from the side shorter than wide Eurytoma p. 520 Males: postmarginal vein only a little longer than stigmal; funicle 5-jointed, joints at apex above excised, pedi- cellate, and with long whorls of hair; body of abdomen subovate, petiole usually longer than hind coxae, fourth segment longest Eurytoma p. 520 5l8 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 8. Females: abdomen ovate, subcompressed, fourth and fifth segments subequal and a little longer than the others Bruchophagus p. 520 Males: funicle 4-jointed, joints briefly pedunculate at apex, with sparse, irregularly arranged hairs; body of abdomen oval, fourth segment largest Bruchophagus p. 520 9. Head not cornuted, eyes oval or ovate; marginal vein longer than stigmal, or rarely shorter, never stigmated; abdomen in female conic-ovate or conically pointed; antennae dis- similar in the sexes, in female generally subclavate, in male with joints of funicle excised or constricted at apex and with whorls of long hairs 10 Head cornuted, much wider than thorax, eyes round; mar- ginal vein four or more times longer than stigmal vein; antennae n-jointed Axima p. 524 10. Females; winged, marginal vein always longer than stigmal; metathorax sloping or rounded behind, not abruptly and squarely truncate behind, thorax more or less distinctly umbilicately punctate, punctate, or shagreened, opaque, never smooth and shining; antennae usually n-jointed, with one ring-joint, funicle 5-jointed 11 Males: marginal vein always longer than stigmal; metatho- rax not abruptly and squarely truncate behind, either sloping or rounded, thorax more or less distinctly umbili- cately punctate or coarsely shagreened, opaque; head sculptured like thorax 12 11. Mesonotum umbilicately punctate, punctate or rugulose; ab- domen conically pointed, segments subequal in length, fourth not or only slightly longer than third. .Isosoma p. 522 Mesonotum with middle lobe nearly smooth, delicately punc- tate, usually with delicate transverse scratches anteriorly; abdomen conically pointed Evoxysoma p. 523 12. Mesonotum more or less distinctly umbilicately punctate, not finely transversely scratched anteriorly; joints of funicle more than twice longer than thick, constricted or briefly pedicellate at apex, and with indistinct whorls of hair.... Isosoma p. 522 Mesonotum not punctate as in Isosoma, middle lobe smoother, delicately punctate, usually with delicate transverse scratches anteriorly Evoxysoma p. 523 Decatoma Spinola. °D. varians Walsh. Female: length 2.5-4 mm. Male: length 2-3.5 mrn- f*a^e ocher-yellow to honey-yellow to rufous ; vertex with a black spot in the immediate vicinity of the ocelli and variable in extent; NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 519 antennae from pale honey-yellow to rufous, rarely with brown- black above on the flagel ; pronotum either spotless, or with a subquadrate black patch over it, or with only the lateral and basal portions black; mesonotum and metanotum black, generally with the sutures and the entire postscutellar triangles of the mesonotum yellow or rufous, pleurae usually immaculate, rarely varied somewhat with black; legs usually with an abbreviated black mark on the femora, with occasionally all of the posterior femora black except extreme base and apex, tibiae with a macula- tion analogous to that of the femora, all except hind coxae spot- less, the hind coxae more or less maculated with black above ; wings mostly hyaline, stigma and veins black; abdomen with the petiole in the male nearly two-thirds and in the female nearly one-fifth as long as the rest of the abdomen; the abdomen mostly black, with the petiole, two or three segments beyond, and the venter, often more or less piceous, rufous or honey-yellow ; or the male abdomen may be mostly honey-yellow, with a black patch on posterior half of the dorsum. Bred from galls of Andricus podagra. Eudecatoma Ashmead. Spalangia. °E. quercilanae Fitch. Length 2-2.5 mm. ; mostly black, with the face, antennae, and propleurae whitish or greenish yellow ; legs whitish or greenish yellow, upper side of hind femora and first joint of antennae sometimes black, stigma black; abdomen beneath tawny red. °E. quercilanae var. dorsalis Fitch. Thorax pale greenish yellow, with a black stripe along its middle; abdomen yellow, black above, and usually with black lateral bands. Bred from Philonyx erinacei and Ceroptres flcus. Macrorileya Ashmead. °M. oecanthi Ashmead. Rileya cecanthi. Female : length 6 mm. ; mostly black ; face with two furrows extending from base of antennae to clypeus ; parapsides distinct ; wings hyaline, veins black, marginal vein longer than the sub- costal, stigmal vein not quite one-third as long as the marginal, 520 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. ending in a stigma and a claw-like projection, postmarginal vein extending to the apex of the wing ; tips of femora, tibiae and tarsi honey-yellow ; abdomen subsessile, cylindrical, pointed at apex, and about three times as long as the rest of the body. Male : length 2.5 mm. ; abdomen only one-third longer than rest of body, and less pointed than in the female. Bred from eggs of tree crickets. Rileya Ashmead. Megastigma. °R. cecidomyiae Ashmead. Female and male: length 1-2 mm.; mostly yellowish; head blue, face sometimes green ; head of male may be all blue ; propleurae and tegulse of male may be pale yellowish ; thorax of male sometimes blue ; wings hyaline ; legs may be pale yellowish or almost white in the male, except a brown stripe along upper edge of posterior tibiae and tarsi; abdomen occasionally with some greenish spots ; venter of male sometimes all pale yellowish. Bred from a Cecidomyid gall on Baccharis halimifolia. Bruchophagus Ashmead. B. funebris Howard. Clover-seed Chalcis. U. S. Dept. Agric, Bureau of Entomology, Circular No. 69, Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8. Length about 1.7 mm.; mostly black, lower part of anterior legs and all tarsi light brown. Egg whitish, polished and smooth. Larva whitish, com- pletely filling the seed shell when mature. Pupa whitish, but changing to brown prior to the emergence of the imago. This remarkable insect is one of the few injurious Chalcidoidea, in that it lays its eggs directly in the seeds of red and crimson clover and alfalfa, whereupon the larva hatches and then completely destroys all of the seed inside the shell. New Haven, 20 July, 1904 (W. E. B.). Eurytoma Illiger. °E. studiosa Say. Length less than 2.5 mm. ; mostly black ; antennae moniliform ; pronotum at least twice as broad as long, scutel obtusely rounded behind ; wings hyaline ; knees and tips of tibiae honey-yellow, tarsi, NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 521 especially the posterior pair, whitish ; abdomen polished, im- punctate, rather oval, orbicular when seen from the side, petiole shorter than the posterior coxae and trochanters combined. °E. diastrophi Walsh. Female: length nearly 3-4 mm. Male: length about 3 mm. Antenna? in both sexes at most rufous only basally, occasionally entirely black; all coxae black, as are the hind femora and hind tibiae, except at base and tip; femora and tibiae of mid legs and femora of front legs often more or less marked with black ex- ternally ; abdomen entirely black. Bred from the galls of Diastrophus cuscutcsformis. °E. bolteni Riley. Female: length 4.5 mm. Male: length nearly 3 mm.; an- tennae black ; legs mostly fulvous, coxae, femora, and more or less of tibiae blackish brown; wings transparent, colorless, veins faint; abdomen black, smooth and highly polished. Parasitic on larvae of Gelechia gallcesolidaginis. °E. bicolor Walsh. Female: length 2-3 mm. Male: length nearly 3 mm. Mostly honey-yellow ; head subopaque, confidently punctate ; occi- put above, and a spot enclosing ocelli and extending in one male in an angle nearly to the origin of the antennae, but usually more or less widely confluent behind with the occipital spot, all black ; scape honey-yellow except at tip, the second joint black, remain- ing joints brown-black; thorax with its sculpture similar to that of the head, but coarser; pronotum sometimes with only a black- triangular area, usually entirely black ; propleurae usually parti) black, with the black sometimes enclosing a pale dot ; mesonotum and metanotum, except sometimes a small space above the wings, black ; legs, including coxae and trochanters, honey-yellow, some- times immaculate, usually with the femora and tibiae, especially of the female, more or less lightly tinged or marked with dusky above, each succeeding pair of legs more evidently so; wings hyaline, veins brownish white, usually merging into brown-black toward their tips; abdomen polished, black in the male, black, with the venter and more or less of lower part of dorsum honey- yellow, in the female. Bred from galls on black oak. 522 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °E. quercipisi Fitch. Length 2.5-3 mm- > mostly black ; anterior and middle femora black or brown in the middle, their tibiae usually white, but often brown in the middle, all tarsi white. °E. lanulae Fitch. Length 2 mm. ; mostly black ; only tarsi white, and these with their tips dusky ; abdomen smooth and polished. Bred from galls on willows and woolly galls on oak leaves. °E. querciglobuli Fitch. Length nearly 4 mm.; mostly black; basal joint of antennae dull white; legs dull white, except the femora, which are pale dull yellow; abdomen tinged with pale dull yellow beneath. °E. auriceps Walsh. Female: length 2.5-3.5 mm- Male: length 2.5-3 mm-> hair of head and rest of body golden yellow ; apical joint of antennae sometimes rufous; hind coxae occasionally tinged with black ex- ternally. Female with the hind coxae and occasionally with a cloud in the middle of the anterior portion of hind femora, black, or the hind femora entirely black in the middle, mid and front coxae generally more or less black, abdomen in female entirely black. Bred from Philonix erinacei. °E. dorcaschemae Ashmead. Female and male: size similar to that in bolteni and studiosa; male hardly separable from these two species; legs, except knees and tips oi tibiae, black. Bred from Dorcaschetna alternatum. °E. sp. Host : Aulacidea solidaginis. Isosoma Walker. To this genus belong the joint worms that are injurious to grain, but can be kept in check by seeing to it that all straw of any one season is entirely used up before the advent of another spring. Key to Species. Females. I. Mesonotum not smooth 2 Mesonotum smooth and polished 4 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 523 2. Mesonotum rugulose, shagreened or coriaceous, but not umbilicately punctate; thorax opaque or subopaque; abdo- men longer than thorax 3 Mesonotum more or less umbilicately punctate; pronotum with a rather distinct spot hageni 3. Pronotum with a minute spot hordei Pronotum with a large spot; second abdominal segment shorter than fourth and fifth together tritici 4. Winged grande form grande Wingless grande form minutum The males must be determined by associating them with their mates. °I. (Philachyra) grande Riley. U. S. Dept. Agric, Div. En- tomology, Bull. 2, Technical Ser., 1896, Fig. 1.; U. S. Dept. Agric, Ann. Rept, 1881-2, PI. xii, Fig. 3. In this species there is an alternation of generations which gives it a unique position in the genus Isosoma. The winged summer generation is the form grande, and consists only of females; the wingless spring and winter generation, the form minutum Howard, consists of both sexes. °I. hageni Howard. °I. tritici Fitch. U. S. Dept. Agric, Div. Entomology, Bull. 2, Technical Ser., 1896, Fig. 7. I. hordei Harris. Reared from barley. I. sp. Reared from timothy grass at the Experiment Station in New Haven. Evoxysoma Ashmead. °E. vitis Saunders. U. S. Dept. Agric, Div. Entomology, Bull. 2, Technical Ser., 1896, Fig. 9. Female : length 3 mm. ; head, pronotum, and mesonotum um- bilicately punctate; metanotum with a median longitudinal de- pression with convex sides, shagreened in the center ; mesopleurae below tegulse shagreened, as are all the coxae ; antennae submonili- form ; abdomen as long as head and thorax combined ; body most- ly black ; scape yellowish ; all coxae black except front pair, which are somewhat yellowish at tip, rest of front and mid legs honey- yellow, hind femora brown medially, honey-yellow at both ends, 524 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. their tibiae, honey-yellow, slightly brownish in the middle ; abdo- men brownish only at base beneath. Male: petiole shagreened, longer than hind coxae and as long as the succeeding abdominal segment ; all legs, except mid and hind coxae, honey-yellow. Reared from grape seeds. Axima Walker. °A. zabriskei Howard. Insect Life, Vol. ii., p. 365, Figs. 68-70. Female: length 6 mm.; mostly black, with indefinite ferru- ginous markings, especially on the thorax ; antennae mostly black, scape reddish at base ; thorax on sides of pronotum and mesono- tum more ferruginous than elsewhere; all coxae black and punc- tate, all trochanters dark honey-yellow, all femora and tibiae black in the middle and dark honey-yellow at the tips, all tarsi honey-yellow; wings hyaline, veins very dark brown; abdomen ferruginous only at base beneath; male very much like the female. Bred from nests of Ceratina dupla, or the small carpenter bee. PERILAMPID^E. Key to Genera. Scutel not produced into a spear-shaped process or spine; thorax umbilicately punctate; antennae 13-jointed, flagel at most subclavate Perilampus p. 524 Scutel prolonged into a spear-shaped process or spine Euperilampus p. 525 Perilampus Latreille. P. hyalinus Say. Length 5 mm. ; mostly cyaneous, legs mostly greenish golden, tarsi rufous, scutel emarginate-bidentate at apex. Stafford, 24 August 1905, on goldenrod (W. E. B.). Has been reared from Campoplex (Ameloctonus) fugitivus. P. platygaster Say. Length about 6 mm.; mostly blackish; face impunctate, pol- ished, occiput somewhat transversely striated, a little punctate before the eyes ; thorax brassy blackish, with a glabrous polished line on each side, scutel obtuse, rounded, slightly emarginate at No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 525 tip; wings hyaline, veins brown; metanotum blackish, legs blackish with a tinge of green, tarsi yellowish. New Haven. Euperilampus Walker. E. triangularis Say. Length 5 mm. ; mostly greenish and bluish ; head green with a violaceous reflection, each side of face vertically striate, occiput transversely and longitudinally striate, violaceous; pronotum greenish, scutel not emarginate at tip, but pointed; wings dusky on apical half; tarsi yellowish; abdomen with the anterior half violaceous, the rest green with a violaceous reflection. EUCHARID^E. This is chiefly a tropical group, and, so far as our knowledge goes, confines itself to attacks on ants. Key to Genera. 1. Females: antennas n-jointed 2 Males: antennae 10- to 13-jointed; scutellum not developed into processes 3 2. Joints of antennae not serrate but cylindrical; scutellum simple, neither bidentate nor produced into long pro- cesses; thorax smooth, polished; petiole of abdomen abruptly enlarged at apex Pseudometagea p. 525 Joints of antennae serrate or subdentate; scutellum subcon- ically elevated posteriorly; wings with a substigmal cloud or fascia Chalcura p. 526 3. Antennae not branched, 10- to n-jointed; flagellar joints cyl- indrical, not moniliform; petiole of abdomen abruptly enlarged at apex; thorax smooth Pseudometagea p. 525 Antennae with more than four branches; wings with a sub- stigmal cloud or fascia Chalcura p. 526 Pseudometagea Ashmead. °P. schwarzi Ashmead. Female and male: length 1.5-2 mm.; mostly black; antennse fuscous, pedicel yellowish beneath, head, except region around ocelli, smooth, polished and impunctate ; parapsidal furrows and a central furrow indistinctly outlined by punctures ; scutel conical- convex, with a longitudinal median furrow, the apex emarginate but not bidentate ; pleurse and metathorax rugose ; male antennse not subclavate as in the female, but filiform. 526 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Chalcura Kirby. °C. gibbosa Provancher. Female : length 3 mm. ; mostly black ; antennae with the firsl and second joints yellowish, vertex punctate, clypeus polished, face covered with scratches converging to a median ridge ; thorax gibbose, punctate; wings hyaline, stigma and vein pale yellow; most of the legs yellowish, coxse black; abdomen polished, the second segment enveloping the succeeding segments. CHALCIDID^E. Key to Genera. 1. Abdomen with a distinct petiole; ovipositor not exserted.... 2 Abdomen nearly sessile 3 2. Thorax immaculate, mid tibiae not spurred at apex Smicra p. 526 Thorax maculated, mid tibiae with spurs Spilochalcis p. 526 3. Antennae inserted in middle of face 4 Antennae inserted near mouth; head not cornuted; anten- nae 12-jointed; metathorax without projections or teeth, scutel neither bidentate nor spined; hind femora finely denticulate beneath Conura p. 527 4. Abdomen conical Phasgonophora p. 527 Abdomen subglobose Chalcis p. 528 Smicra Spinola. Key to Species. Abdomen black; face entirely black; petiole as long as rest of abdomen and nearly as long as posterior coxae; posterior femora black or brown, generally yellowish at base. Length nearly 4 mm microgaster Abdomen more or less red; posterior femora obscure reddish, varied with blackish, inner side mostly reddish. Length 5 mm ruf ofemorata °S. microgaster Say. S. rufofemorata Cresson. Branford, June 21, 1904 (H. L. V.). Spilochalcis Thomson. Key to Species. 1. Thorax with ground color black 2 Thorax with ground color not black 4 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 527 2. Markings of thorax small, but distinct; posterior femora with irregular whitish markings at apex, varied with pale brown; abdomen mostly black, with two or four white spots at base torvina Markings of thorax large and yellow 3 3. Posterior femora yellow, irregularly black at base and along inferior edge; scutel with a longitudinally ovate, black, central spot nortoni Posterior femora yellow, with a central black spot, con- fluent with lower edge, which is narrowly black to apex; scutel with a central black stripe or basal spot, lower edge armed with six mostly irregular teeth, protuber- ance beneath posterior wings black and yellow bracata 4. Thorax ferruginous; petiole of abdomen very long and slen- der; scutel ferruginous,' with a central black stripe, lateral margin whitish debilis Thorax lemon-yellow; posterior femora with numerous small teeth; wings hyaline or subhyaline; posterior coxae lemon- yellow, with a broad black stripe above; petiole of abdo- men not more than one-half length of posterior coxae; abdominal segments narrowly banded with black mariae *S. torvina Cresson. S. nortoni Cresson. Bred from Limacodes larva. °S. bracata Sanborn. °S. debilis Say. This is a secondary parasite of the white-marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leucostigma) , with the following hosts: Casinaria (Amorphota) orgyice, Meteorus communis, M. hyphantruz, Apanteles hyphantria and A. delicatus. S. mariae Riley. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ix, Fig. 6. Has been bred from Samia cecropia, Philosamia cynthia, Callosamia promethea, and Telea polyphemus. New Haven, 1910 (A. B. C). Conura Spinola. °C. n. sp. Reared from the lesser peach borer (Synanthedon pictipes). Phasgonophora Westwood. °P. sulcata Westwood. Female : length about 9 mm. ; mostly black ; antennae blackish brown, as are the veins of the wings ; the latter tinted with brown ; 528 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. abdomen and legs partly castaneous; head and thorax with ad- joining umbilicate pits or punctures. Chalcis Fabricius. C. ovata Say. Posterior femora mostly black, with a white or yellow spot at tips ; dorsum of abdomen practically impunctate ; teg- ulae entirely white or yellow. Length 3.5-7 mm. Primary parasite on the white-marked tussock moth (Hemero- campa leucostigma). Has also been bred from Chlorippe clyton and Agraulis vanilla. New Haven (A. E. V.). leucospid^:. • But one genus of this family occurs in Connecticut. This may be known by the following description. Leucospis Fabricius. Frons anteriorly not cornuted, hind margin of head not curved inwardly; scutel never cordate; abdomen never pointed: front tibiae as long as the femora, middle tibiae without a tooth at apex, hind tibiae with two spurs at apex; ovipositor curved up over the dorsum of the abdomen. L. affiinis Say. Length 6-12 mm.; vertex more or less tinged with green or purple; prothorax with the lateral and posterior margins nar- rowly yellow, scutel yellow at apex; abdomen sessile or subses- sile, elongate, ovipositor reaching to base of abdomen; rest of body mostly black, varied more or less with yellow, with the posterior coxae from entirely black to entirely ferruginous. Has been bred from nests of a leaf -cutter bee (Megachile). Occurs throughout the state. New Haven, 21 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.) ; Rockville, 23 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 529 SERPHOIDEA. PROCTOTRYPOIDEA. By Charles Thomas Brues. These are slender insects, mostly of small size, and nearly all are parasitic. ji (cm6ne//w of C&fo depone/ Fig. 13. Serphus caudaius. 34 OLD SYSTEM Veins Basal a . Cubital • Transverse Cubital . Recurrent , # 530 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. NOMENCLATURE OF WING PARTS IN THE DRAWING OF SERPHUS CAUDATUS. COMSTOCK-NEEDHAM SYSTEM Veins M and m-cu Media and at wing margin R*+« + Mi R» and r-m Mw Cells Cells First submarginal . . . 1st Ri + R Fused cells beyond 1st sub- marginal .... Rs+4+« Marginal (reduced to a minute area beyond the stigma) . 2d Ri+R* Key to Families. 1. Trochanters with one joint; antennae with fourteen joints; mandibles without teeth; stigma very narrow, long PELECINID^ p. 576 Trochanters with two joints, or stigma very short and broad 2 2. Antennae inserted into middle of face 3 Antennae inserted below middle of face at junction of clyp- eus with face 5 3. Wings present 4 Wings wanting 10 4. Front wings with a more or less distinct stigma 12 Front wings never with a more or less distinct stigma 11 5. Wings present 8 Wings wanting 6 6. Abdomen with sides acute or margined 7 Abdomen with sides rounded CERAPHRONID^E p. 557 7. Labial palpi with one joint PLATYGASTRIDiE p. 531 Labial palpi with two or more joints . . . .SCELIONID^E p. 541 8. Abdomen with sides acute or margined 9 Abdomen with sides rounded; antennae in female with ten or eleven joints, in male with eleven joints CERAPHRONID^: p. 557 9. Antennae with ten, eight, or nine joints; no marginal or stigmal vein PLATYGASTRIDyE p. 531 Antennae with twelve, eleven, or seven joints (rarely with ten joints, in which case either the wings bear a large stigma and the entire abdomen is longitudinally striated, or the marginal and stigmal veins are present) scelionid;e p. 54* 10. Labial palpi with two joints DIAPRIID^ p. 561 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 53I Labial palpi with three joints BELYTID^E p. 568 11. Labial palpi with two joints, hind wings with no basal cell DIAPRIID.E p. 561 Labial palpi with three joints, hind wings always with a basal cell BELYTID^ p. 568 12. Mandibles without teeth, antennae with thirteen joints SERPHID;£ p. 573 Mandibles with teeth, antennae with fourteen or fifteen joints helorid;e p. 576 PLATYGASTRID.E. The species of this family are parasites of the larvae of gall- gnats or midges and crane-flies, etc. Key to Genera. 1. Submarginal vein in front wings ending in a stigma or knob; tarsi 5-jointed, antennae 10-jointed, front wings without a basal nervure 2 Submarginal vein entirely absent or indicated only at base, never knobbed 3 2. Lateral ocelli nearer to eye margin than to front ocellus, basal segment of abdomen with a horn above Inostemma p. 532 Lateral ocelli nearer to front ocellus than to eye margin Isostasius p. 532 3. Scutellum lengthened, not semicircular; if shortened, com- pressed at sides and furnished with a spine 4 Scutellum not lengthened, semicircular, always unarmed.... 5 4. Abdomen much lengthened; club of female antennae 5-jointed Polymecus p. 534 Abdomen not especially lengthened; club of female antennae 4-jointed; scutellum with a thorn, or sometimes only a tubercle; lateral ocelli nearer to eye margin than to front ocellus; mesonotal furrows sometimes present Amblyaspis (includes Leptacis and Synopeas)*p. 532 5. Scutellum flat or subconvex 6 Scutellum convex or cushion-shaped 7 6. Mesonotum without furrows; antennae 10-jointed, with a jointed club in female Anopedius p. 533 Mesonotum with more or less distinct furrows; antennae 8-jointed in female, with an unjointed club Amitus p. 534 7. Scutellum bare 8 Scutellum with a tuft of hairs at tip; lateral ocelli not close to eye margin; club of antennae 5-jointed Trichasis p. 534 8. Abdomen of usual length : 9 Abdomen much lengthened Polymecus p. 534 • These genera are all included together, as they do not appear to be separable by any trustworthy characters. 532 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 9. Thorax short, scutellum separated from mesonotum by a deep furrow 10 Thorax more elongate, scutellum not separated by a deep furrow 11 10. Face with a distinct keel between antennae Eritrissomerus p. 534 Face not keeled Polygnotus p. 535 11. Lateral ocelli nearer to eye margin than to anterior ocellus Platygaster p. 540 Lateral ocelli nearer to front ocellus than to eye margin Isocybus p. 541 Isostasius Foerster. °I. musculus Ash mead. Black, shining. Antennas piceous or dark brown. Legs brown, coxae black, trochanters, base and apex of femora, tibiae, and all tarsi honey-yellow. Thorax with hardly a trace of fur- rows. Length 1.2 mm. Inostemma Haliday. °I. horni Ashmead. Black, subopaque, closely finely punctulate ; mesonotum shin- ing. Antennae black, the pedicel and first two funicular joints a little pale at tip. Parapsidal furrows complete. Legs black 01 piceous, tarsi yellowish, and tibiae paler basally. Abdomen in female at base with a horn extending over the thorax to the vertex of the head. Male without horn. Length 1-1.4 mm. A parasite of a Cecidomyid forming galls on the iron-weed ( Vernonia noveboracensis) . Amblyaspis* Foerster. Key to Species. 1. Scutellum produced into an acute spine minutus Scutellum triangular or with a tubercle at apex 2 2. Abdominal petiole, legs, and base of antennae pale yellow petiolatus Antennae dark brown 2 Antennae, except club of female, bright yellow flavicornis 3. Abdomen broadly oval, shorter than thorax breviventria Abdomen long-oval, longer than head and thorax together antennariae °A. minutus Ashmead. Polished black, impunctate. Antennae and legs yellow 01 reddish yellow. Scutellum acutely spined, yellow at tip, foveated •See note on p. 531. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 533 on each side at base. Legs of male paler than those of female. Length 0.6-0.8 mm. Parasitic on a Cecidomyid infesting squashes. °A. petiolatus Ashmead. Shining black, impunctate. Antennae except club, legs, and petiole, bright yellow. Flagellum of male brown. Thorax con- vex, without furrows. Scutellum triangular at apex, more or less pubescent, with a fovea on each side at base. Length 0.8 mm. °A. breviventris Ashmead. Shining black, impunctate. Antennae and legs brown; the trochanters, bases of tibiae, and tarsi yellowish. Thorax without furrows, scutellum foveated at base, pubescent at sides, and ter- minating in a tubercle or very short spine which is only twice as long as thick. Length 0.6-0.8 mm. °A. flavicornis Ashmead. Polished black; antennae, except the club in the female, and legs bright yellow. Thorax without furrows, scutellum foveated at the base and ending in a minute tubercle. Abdomen oval, shorter than the thorax. Length 0.8- 1.1 mm. °A. antennariae Ashmead. Polished black, impunctate. Antennae dark brown in female, pale brown in male. Legs reddish yellow, darker on femora and coxae in female. Scutellum smooth, subconvex, not pubescent, the spine of tubercle wanting. Length 0.8- 1.1 mm. Anopedius Fperster. A. error Fitch. Polished black, impunctate. Antennae black, the pedicel pale at tip. Thorax long-ovate, polished, the furrows very faint. Scutellum flattened or subconvex, separated from the mesonotum by a fine line. Legs brown-black ; the trochanters, tip of anterior tibiae, and all the tarsi paler. Abdomen oblong-ovate, slightly longer than the thorax in the female and a little shorter in the male. Length 1-1.2 mm. Parasitic on the Cecidomyid Contarinia tritici and on the injurious clover-flower midge (Dasyneura leguminicola). West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). 534 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Amitus Haldeman. °A. aleurodinis Haldeman. Polished black; legs most frequently brownish or pale rufous, the coxae and femora sometimes dusky or blackish. Antennas in female 8-jointed, brownish yellow, with an unjointed brown club; in male io-jointed, with verticillate hairs. Length 0.75-1 mm. A parasite of various species of Aleyrodes. Trichasis Foerster. °T. rubicola Ashmead. Polished black, impunctate. Antennae pale brown, the scape yellow. Thorax ovate, with distinct furrows. Legs yellowish; the coxae black ; the posterior femora and tibiae dusky toward the tips. Abdomen longer than the head and thorax together, pointed at tip. Length 1.4- 1.6 mm. Parasitic on Cecidomyids making galls on Vernonia novebora- censis and on blackberry. °T. rufipes Ashmead. Black, shining, the thorax with a fine sparse pubescence. Antennae brown-black, the scape rufous. Thorax elongate-ovate, with distinct furrows. Legs yellowish red, the coxae black. Length 2-2.5 mm- Bred from acorns which probably contained Cecidomyid larvae. Eritrissomerus Ashmead. °E. cecidomyiae Ashmead. Black, subopaque, finely sculptured. Antennae brown-black, except base and apex of scape. Thorax with two distinct fur- rows. Scutellum convex and margined at the sides, closely punc- tate. Legs blackish, lighter in the male, as are also the antennae. Length 2.1 mm. Parasitic in a Cecidomyid gall on hickory. Polymecus Foerster. Key to Species. 1. Thorax smooth, impunctate 2 Thorax finely microscopically punctate or shagreened 3 2. Coxae and legs yellow auripes Coxae black, legs varied with dark alnicola NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 535 3. First flagellar joint longer than thick, legs piceous, varied with lighter picipes First flagellar joint not longer than thick, legs brownish yellow pallipes °P. pallipes Ashmead. Black ; finely granulately sculptured ; subopaque. Female an- tennae piceous; scape, pedicel, and three or four following joints yellow; in male entirely pale brown. Abdomen a little longer than the head and thorax together. Length 2-2.6 mm. °P. picipes Ashmead. ^ Black, shining. Legs rufo-piceous or almost black, with the trochanters, tips of femora, and the tarsi paler. Antennae brown- black. Scutellum very convex, subopaque, without any tubercle at tip. Length 1.8-2 mm. °P. auripes Ashmead. Black, shining, the head opaque, and closely microscopically punctulate. Antennae and legs bright golden yellow. Thorax without furrows or with only traces posteriorly. Scutellum ter- minated by an awl-shaped spine. Length 1 mm. °P. alnicola Ashmead. Black, shining, the head and dorsum of the thorax microscopically punctate. Antennae black, the tip of the pedicel honey-yellow. Mesonotal furrows complete. Scutellum highly convex, subopaque, the tubercle at tip subobsolete. Length 1.4- 1.8 mm. A parasite of Cecidomyia serrulata occurring on alder (Alnus serrulata) . Polygnotus Foerster. Key to Species. Females, i. Mesonotal furrows distinctly indicated posteriorly 2 Mesonotal furrows entirely absent, or present only as the slightest trace posteriorly 12 2. Occiput strongly transversely striated or aciculated 3 Occiput smooth or nearly so 7 3. Vertex simple, not impressed at middle 4 Vertex impressed at middle, subangulated just over eyes striaticeps 4. Coxae black 5 Coxse rufo-piceous or pale viticola 5. Head very wide, three and one-half or four times as wide as long 6 536 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Head not so wide, two and one-half times as wide as long hiemalis 6. Tegulae black, second flagellar joint longer than third alnicola Tegulae rufo-piceous, second and third flagellar joints nearly- equal tumidus 7. Coxae black 8 Coxae rufo-piceous or pale 10 8. Metapleurae bare, aciculated cynipicola Metapleurae covered with a sericeous pubescence 9 9. Tegulae rufo-piceous rubi Tegulae black asynaptae 10. Tegulse rufo-piceous n Tegulae black, second flagellar joint longer than the third astericola 11. No tuft of hair at the base of parapsides, second flagellar joint larger than third actinomeridis Tuft of hair at base of parapsides, second and third flagellar joints about equal vernoniae 12. Vertex transversely aciculate 13 Vertex smooth, not aciculate pinicola 13. Coxae black, legs black or brown-black 14 Coxae dark rufous or piceous, legs in part pale 15 14. Pedicel as long as two following joints united salicicola Pedicel much longer than two following joints united, .diplosidis 15. Pedicel as long as first and second flagellar joints united . . . baccharicola Pedicel longer than first and second flagellar joints united solidaginis Males. 1. Mesonotal furrows distinctly indicated posteriorly , . 2 Mesonotal furrows entirely absent, or present only as the slightest trace posteriorly 8 2. Coxae brown or rufo-piceous 7 Coxae black 3 3. Legs in part black 4 Legs rufo-piceous, anterior tibiae and the tarsi honey-yellow 6 4. Legs black, only tarsi pale 5 Trochanters, anterior knees and tibiae at tips, all tarsi, and base of mid and posterior tibiae honey-yellow hiemalis 5. Pedicel as long as first and second flagellar joints together striaticeps Pedicel as long as second flagellar joint viticola 6. Pedicel as long as first and second flagellar joints united cynipicola Pedicel shorter than first and second flagellar joints united alnicola No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 537 7. Pedicel longer than second flagellar joint, last antennal joint twice as long as preceding astericola Pedicel as long as first and second flagellar joints united, last joint less than twice length of preceding vernoniae Pedicel as long as second flagellar joint, last joint one-third longer than preceding euurae 8. Vertex transversely aciculated or striated posteriorly ...... 9 Vertex smooth, or nearly so 13 9. Coxae rufo-piceous 10 Coxae black, legs black or brown-black salicicola 10. Pedicel about as long as second flagellar joint baccharicola Pedicel longer than second flagellar joint 11 11. Legs dark rufo-piceous, tarsi honey-yellow, femora and tibiae dusky at middle • 12 Legs rufous, tarsi pale, pedicel about as long as first two flagellar joints united pinicola 12. Second flagellar joint longer than third solidaginis Third flagellar joint slightly longer than second diplosidis 13. Coxae black, pedicel as long as second flagellar joint, .asynaptae Coxae pale or brown, pedicel as long as first two flagellar joints united actinomeridis P. striaticeps Ashmead. Black, shining. Head a little more than twice as wide as long. Face smooth, vertex and occiput strongly striate. Antennae and legs black; anterior and mid tarsi pale. Tegulae black. Length 0.6-1.2 mm. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °P. viticola Ashmead. Shining black. Head a little over three times as wide as long. Antennae black; tegulae rufo-piceous. Legs rufo-piceous or brownish; tarsi paler. Abdominal petiole striated, second seg- ment with two long striolated foveolae at base. Apical segments with rows of punctures at base. Length 1. 2-1.4 mm- Has been reared from Cecidomyid galls on grapevines. °P. hiemalis Forbes. Polished black. Head two and one-half times as wide as long. Vertex only faintly aciculated, face smooth. Antennae brown- black. Tegulae rufo-piceous. Legs dark brown or piceous ; tro- chanters, tips of anterior femora and tibiae, bases of mid and pos- terior tibiae, and all tarsi lighter. Length 0.8-1.4 mm. Parasitic on the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor). 538 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °P. alnicola Ashmead. Shining black. Head three and one-half times as wide as long. Antennae dark brown, pedicel paler. Legs brown; the trochan- ters, tips of tibise, and all tarsi pale. Second abdominal segment striated at base. Length 1.2 mm. Has been reared from Cecidomyid galls in the flower buds of the alder. °P. tumidus Ashmead. Polished black. Head four times as wide as long. Antennae brown black. Legs brownish piceous; trochanters, tips of an- terior tibiae, and all tarsi paler. Second abdominal segment with striae that extend to the middle. Length 1 mm. A parasite of Cecidomyia symmetrica, an oak gall. °P. cynipicola Ashmead. Polished black. Head three and one-half times as wide as long, the vertex very faintly aciculated. Antennae brown-black, the pedicel as long as the second flagellar joint. Tegulae black; legs black or brown-black. The foveolae at base of second abdominal segment striated. Length 0.6-0.8 mm. °P. rubi Ashmead. Black, polished. Head three times as wide as long, vertex not at all aciculated. Antennae brown, scape and pedicel yellowish. Abdomen polished, the base of the second segment striate. Length 1 mm. A parasite of Cecidomyia farinosa, occurring on blackberry. °P. asynaptae Ashmead. Polished black. Head in female three and one-half times as wide as long, in male only three times. Vertex not or very faintly aciculated. Antennae black. Legs black or piceous; tips of an- terior tibiae and anterior and mid tarsi brownish. Length 0.8-1.2 mm. Has been bred from galls of Asynapta sp. occurring on willows. °P. astericola Ashmead. Polished black. Head three times as wide as long, vertex not or very faintly aciculated. Antennae dark brown. Legs, includ- ing coxae, rufo-piceous ; trochanters, knees, tips of tibiae, and all No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 539 tarsi honey-yellow. Petiole, and foveolae on second abdominal segment, striolated. Length 0.8-1 mm. Has been reared from Cecidomyid galls on asters. °P. actinomeridis Ashmead. Polished black. Head two and one-half times as wide as long. Vertex very faintly aciculated. Antennae dark brown, scape paler toward base. Legs dark rufous, the anterior tibiae and all tarsi honey-yellow. Length 0.6-1.2 mm. Has been reared from Cecidomyid galls on Actinomeris squar- rosa. °P. vernoniae Ashmead. Black, polished. Head nearly three times as wide as thick, the vertex not aciculated. Antennae brown, or dark brown, pedicel in the female longer than the first two flagellar joints united. Legs brownish piceous; tips of mid and posterior tibiae and all tarsi honey-yellow. Length 0.6-0.8 mm. Has been reared from galls on Vernonia noveboracensis. °P. pinicola Ashmead. Shining black. Head two and one-half times as wide as long. Vertex not aciculated. Antennae brown. Tegulae piceous; legs, including coxae, dark rufous; the tarsi and sometimes the tip of the anterior tibiae honey-yellow or whitish. Length 0.8-1 mm. A parasite of Cecidomyia resmicola. °P. baccharicola Ashmead. Shining black. Vertex posteriorly transversely aciculated. Face with some aciculations just above the antennae. Antennae piceous, the scape sometimes pale at base and apex, as is also the flagellum at base. Tegulae piceous; legs, including coxae, rufo-piceous ; trochanters, base and tips of tibiae, and the tarsi honey-yellow. Length 1-1.2 mm Has been bred from a Cecidomyid gall of Baccharis halimi- folia. °P. salicicola Ashmead. Polished black. Head three times as wide as long, vertex and occiput strongly transversely aciculated, face smooth. Antennae black, pedicel pale at tip. Tegulae black. Legs black, the tibiae and tarsi piceous. Foveolae at base of second segment faintly striolated. Length 0.8-1.4 mm. 540 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Originally bred from a Cecidomyid gall on willow at Los Angeles, Cal., but occurs abundantly in the New England states. °P. diplosidis Ashmead. Polished black. Vertex less strongly aciculated than in the preceding. Antennas brown-black. Tegulse black; legs brown- black, the base of the tibiae and tarsi paler. Has been bred from a Cecidomyid living on pine. °P. solidaginis Ashmead. Polished black. Vertex strongly striated. Antennae brown, the scape often black. Tegulae piceous or black. Legs, including coxae, variable, from pale rufous to rufo-piceous. Striae on second abdominal segment extending to the middle. Length 1-1.6 mm. Has been reared from galls on goldenrod. °P. euurae Ashmead. Polished black. Head two and one-half times as wide as long. Antennae brownish black. Tegulae rufous. Legs, including coxae, dark rufous. Pedicel as long as the second flagellar joint. Length 1.6 mm. Has been reared from Cecidomyid inquilines in the gall of the sawfly Euura nodus. Platygaster Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Legs, except coxae, yellow or golden yellow caryas Legs piceous or rufo-piceous 2 2. Head punctate, face more finely so herrickii Face highly polished, with transverse striae above antennae aphidis °P. caryae Ashmead. Shining black. Vertex rugose, the face finely, closely punc- tate. Antennae yellow with fuscous club in female, light brown in male. Tegulae piceous. Length 1.5-2 mm. A parasite of a Cecidomyid forming galls on hickory trees. °P. herrickii Packard. Black, shining, finely punctate or microscopically shagreened. Antennae black. Legs black or rufo-piceous ; sometimes the bases of tibiae and of tarsi yellowish. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 541 An important parasite of the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) . °P. aphidis Ashmead. Shining black. Head posteriorly almost smooth, face polished. Antennae and tegulae black. Legs brown-black, the tarsi paler. Abdomen nearly twice as wide as the thorax. Length 1.6 mm. Isocybus Foerster. I. pallipes Say. Black, very finely and closely punctulate. Legs honey-yellow with black coxae. Pleural piece beneath the anterior wing not striated. Tegulae rufo-piceous. Abdomen as long as the head and the thorax, widest toward the apex. Length 3.5 mm. Milldale, 21 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). °I. canadensis Provancher. Black, finely rugosely punctulate. Differs from the preceding in having the pleural piece below the anterior wing striated. First flagellar joint twice as wide as long. Length 3-3.2 mm. scelionim:. The members of this very extensive family are exclusively egg-parasites, attacking practically all orders of insects, and also spiders. They may be recognized by the generally carinated abdomen, and the antennae inserted near the base of the clypeus. The wings nearly always have a distinct venation. The antennae of the females always have ten, eleven or twelve joints, except where the joints of the club are fused together. Key to Genera. 1. Abdomen oval, acute on sides, but without distinct lateral carinse 4 Abdomen distinctly carinated on sides 2 2. Abdomen long, fusiform or linear, segments nearly equal, postmarginal vein almost always present 19 Abdomen oval or elongate-oval, third segment much longer than any of the others 3 3. Marginal vein very short, not longer than stigmal vein; fe- males usually apterous, with 7-jointed antennae having an unjointed club 9 Marginal vein very long, usually five or six times the length v 542 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. of the stigmal vein; females usually winged and with 12- jointed antennae 16 4. Mesonotum without parapsidal furrows 5 Mesonotum with furrows, sometimes abbreviated in front.. 7 5. Lateral ocelli very close to or touching eye margin 6 Lateral ocelli far from eye margin, wings banded Aradophagus p. 550 6. Head transverse, considerably wider than long Telenomus p. 544 Head quadrate, abdomen more or less pointed Phanurus p. 544 7. Postscutellum armed with a spine Protrimorus p. 544 Postscutellum not armed 8 8. Mesonotum with three furrows, abbreviated anteriorly Trissolcus p. 549 Mesonotum with two furrows, abbreviated anteriorly Dissolcus 9. Females 10 Males 13 io. Scutellum present 11 Scutellum wanting Baeus p. 551 11. First abdominal segment bearing a horn above Ceratobaeus First abdominal segment not horned 12 12. Mandibles bidentate Aeolus p. 551 Mandibles tridentate Acoloides p. 551 13. Basal abdominal segment with a horn above Ceratobaeus Basal segment of abdomen not armed 14 14. Basal nervure present IS Basal nervure wanting Acoloides p. 551 15. Head subquadrate Baeus p. 551 Head transverse Aeolus p. 551 16. Abdomen with first segment petioliform, longer than wide.. 17 Abdomen with first segment as wide as or wider than long. . 18 17. Posterior femora slender, tibial spurs weak . . Prosacantha p. 551 Posterior femora swollen, tibial spurs stout Teleas p. 553 18. Postscutellum with a small spine or tubercle .. Hoplogryon p. 553 Postscutellum simple Paragryon p. 553 19. Postmarginal vein greatly lengthened, submarginal vein com- plete, not ending in a stigma 20 Postmarginal vein wanting or poorly developed, submarginal often abbreviated and stigmated 41 20. Basal nervure present, distinct 21 Basal nervure wanting 31 21. Females 22 Males 25 22. First abdominal segment with a horn or protuberance above 23 Basal segment unarmed 24 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 543 23. Marginal vein short, first abdominal segment narrow, petiol- iform Caloteleia p. 554 Marginal vein long, first segment of abdomen quadrate or nearly so Baryconus p. 554 24. Abdomen very long, second, third, and fourth segments nearly equal Macroteleia p. 554 Abdomen not so long, oblong-oval or fusiform. .Cacellus p. 555 25. Mesonotum with parapsidal furrows 26 Mesonotum without furrows 29 26. Postscutellum spined Opisthacantha p. 555 Postscutellum not spined 27 27. Marginal vein longer than stigmal vein 28 Marginal vein less than half length of stigmal vein Caloteleia p. 554 28. First joint oi^flagellum scarcely longer than third Macroteleia p. 554 First flagellar joint much longer than third. . .Baryconus p. 554 29. Marginal vein longer than stigmal vein Baryconus p. 554 Marginal vein shorter than stigmal vein 30 30. First joint of flagellum very long Caloteleia p. 554 First joint of flagellum shorter than second Cacellus p. 555 31. Females 32 Males 44 32. Mesonotum with parapsidal furrows 33 Mesonotum without furrows 36 33. Mesonotum with two furrows 34 Mesonotum with three furrows Hoploteleia p. 555 34. Metathorax unarmed 35 Metathorax with two teeth Cacellus p. 555 35. Mandibles tridentate Macroteleia p. 554 Mandibles bidentate Caloteleia p. 554 36. Postscutellum simple 37 Postscutellun armed with a spine Opisthacantha p. 555 37. Abdomen without a horn at base above 39 Abdomen with a horn at base above 38 38. Marginal vein short Caloteleia p. 554 Marginal vein long Baryconus p. 554 39. Abdomen broadly oval, sessile, antennal club 6-jointed Hadronotus p. 555 Abdomen long, fusiform, club of antennae 6-jointed Cacellus p. 555 40. Submarginal vein ending in a stigma 41 Submarginal vein not ending in a stigma Idris p. 555 41. Head normal, without a frontal lamina or ledge 43 Head with a projecting frontal lamina or ledge 42 42. Scutellum quadrate, its posterior angles acute, postscutellum with a large erect spine Acanthoscelio 544 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY, [Bull. Scutellum and postscutellum normal Sparaison p. 556 43. Maxillary palpi long, 5-jointed, male antennae 12-jointed .... Sceliomorpha Maxillary palpi short, 3-jointed, male antennae 10-jointed Scelio p. 556 44. Mesonotum with parapsidal furrows 45 Mesonotum without furrows 46 45. Mesonotum with two furrows Macroteleia p. 554 Mesonotum with three furrows Hoploteleia p. 555 46. Postscutellum simple, unarmed 47 Postscutellum with an erect spine Opisthacantha p. 555 47. Metathorax simple, unarmed Hadronotus p. 555 Metathorax bidentate at apex Cacellus p. 555 Protrimorus Kieffer. °P. americanus Ashmead. Smooth black, impunctate, sparsely pubescent. Head trans- verse, not wider than the thorax. Antennae brownish, paler to- ward the base. Wings hyaline, the venation brown; marginal vein short, as long as the stigmal vein, which terminates in a small knob. Length 1.2 mm. (male). Phanurus Thomson. °P. ovivorus Ashmead. Polished black; legs piceous, the knees and tarsi paler. An- tennae piceous, the flagellum nearly three times as long as the scape. Wings hyaline, the nervures yellow. Length 0.6 mm. °P. tabanivorus Ashmead. Polished black; legs fuscous; trochanters, knees, and tips of tibiae and tarsi testaceous. Antennae black, the flagellum not longer than the scape. Wings hyaline, the nervures brown. Length 1 .2-1 .3 mm. Telenomus Haliday. Key to Species. Females. I. Second abdominal segment not or very little longer than wide; antennae 11-jointed 2 Second segment one-third longer than wide; antennae 10- jointed fiskei No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 545 Second abdominal segment one and one-half times as long as wide at apex, head very wide; antennae n-jointed 13 2. Pedicel large, distinctly longer and thicker than first flagellar joint 3 Pedicel not longer than first flagellar joint nigriscapus 3. Antennal scape in part pale 10 Antennal scape entirely black 4 4. Second and third joints of flagellum longer than thick persimilis Second and third flagellar joints rounded, not longer than thick 5 5. First abdominal segment striate , 6 First abdominal segment not striate 8 6. Legs piceous or brown-black, trochanters, knees, tips of tibiae, and tarsi pale or yellowish 7 Legs dark brown, tarsi whitish heliothidis 7. Marginal vein one-third length of stigmal graptae Marginal vein nearly one-half length of stigmal . . spilosomatis 8. Legs piceous or brown-black, trochanters, knees, tips of tibiae, and tarsi pale or yellowish 9 Legs yellow or brownish yellow bifidus 9. Eyes distinctly pubescent orgyiae Eyes bare, or only faintly pubescent ichthyurae 10. Scape in part piceous or black n Scape wholly pale 12 n. Coxae black or piceous • .rileyi Coxae pale geometrae 12. Second abdominal segment smooth arzamae Second segment striate at the base podisi 13. Head two and one-half times as wide as thick dimmocki Head three times as wide as thick sphingis Males. i. First and second flagellar joints equal or nearly so 2 Second and third joints equal, longer than first- 5 Second and third joints equal, shorter than first 10 2. Coxae black, legs partly piceous TI Coxae pale, or dusky only at base, legs lighter 3 3. Third flagellar joint half length of second dimmocki Third flagellar joint only a little shorter than second 4 4. Legs yellow, first to third flagellar joints stout and elongate, joints beyond moniliform podisi Legs brownish yellow, first to third flagellar joints not espe- cially elongate, joints beyond transverse bifidus 5. Coxae black " Coxae pale ° 6. Pedicel shorter than first flagellar joint graptae Pedicel longer than first flagellar joint 7 35 54^ CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 7. Flagellar joints after third, moniliform spilosomatis Flagellar joints after third, long-oval sphingis 8. Pedicel longer than first flagellar joint, legs whitish, femora and tibiae tinged with brown, flagellar joints transverse geometrae Pedicel shorter than first flagellar joint 9 9. Legs honey-yellow, flagellar joints longer than thick ....arzamae Legs reddish yellow, flagellar joints round, moniliform . . . nigriscapus 10. First abdominal segment not striate chrysopae First abdominal segment striate heliothidis 11. Length 0.6 mm.; marginal vein one-third length of stigmal clisiocampas Length 1 mm.; marginal vein half length of stigmal fiskei °T. dimmocki Ashmead. Black, shining- ; mesonotum microscopically punctate, scutellum polished, impunctate. Female: antennae black, the scape pale at base and the pedicel at tip ; legs brownish yellow ; coxae black, femora, except tips, fuscous. Male with scape and legs yellow, coxae dusky, flagellum light brown. Length 0.8-1. 1 mm. Is probably parasitic on the eggs of Podisus spinosus. °T. nigriscapus Ashmead. Black, shining, the thorax with a fine white pubescence ; head very broad, the face polished. Female: scape of antennae black, flagellum brown-black, and tip of pedicel yellow ; legs black ; tro- chanters, anterior tibiae, and all knees and tarsi honey-yellow. Male with the legs and coxae reddish yellow; antennae pale brown, the scape paler. Length 0.7-0.9 mm. °T. persimilis Ashmead. Black, shining, the thorax distinctly punctulate, subopaque, pubescent. Head polished, alutaceous toward the vertex. Legs rufous, the coxae black. Antennae black, the pedicel yellow at tip. Length 1.5 mm. °T. graptae Howard. Black, shining, the vertex subopaque. Female: legs piceous- brown, almost black; trochanters, knees, tips of tibiae, and tarsi pale; antennae entirely black. Male with the antennal scape black and the flagellum brown ; legs a little paler than in the fe- male. Length 0.6-1 mm. Parasitic on various Lepidoptera, as follows: (Grapta) Poly- ) No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 547 gonia interrogationis, P. progne, Euvanessa antiopa, (Chryso- phanus) He odes hypophlccas, Thymelicus cernes, Telea polyphemus. °T. spilosomatis Ash mead. Polished black, impunctate, the thorax with a fine microscopic pubescence. Female: antennae black, the flagellum dark brown; legs piceous brown; the trochanters, knees, apices of tibiae, and the tarsi pale brownish yellow. Male with the antennae pale brown, the legs pale brownish yellow with black coxae. Length 0.6 mm. Parasitic in the eggs of Diacrisia virginica. °T. heliothidis Ashmead. Smooth black, impunctate. Female: antennae dark brown, the flagellum twice as long as the scape, the pedicel stout, as long as the first two flagellar joints together; legs dark brown, the tarsi pale. Male antennae with the flagellum three times the length of the scape; pedicel and first flagellar joint equal; bases of tibiae yellowish. Length 0.6 mm. Parasitic in the eggs of the corn ear worm (Heliothis obso- leta). °T. orgyiae Fitch. Black, shining; the thorax microscopically punctate, with a fine sericeous down ; head a little more than three times as wide as thick ; face highly polished ; eyes pubescent ; thorax very con- vex ; legs black or piceous brown ; trochanters, knees, tips of tibiae and tarsi pale. Length 0.8 mm. Parasitic in the eggs of the white-marked tussock or vaporer moth (Hemerocampa leucostigma). °T. ichthyurae Ashmead. Black, shining, impunctate ; the thorax covered with a fine microscopic pubescence. Head wider than the thorax, the face smooth and polished, female flagellum one and one-half times the length of the scape. Female: legs piceous brown; the coxae black, trochanters, knees, base and apex of tibiae, and tarsi honey-yellow. Male legs, except coxae, pale brownish yellow. Length 0.6 mm. Parasitic in the eggs of Melalopha inclusa. °T. bifidus Riley. Black, shining, the thorax microscopically punctulate and covered with a fine white pubescence. Head as broad as the 548 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull thorax, highly polished. Antennal scape black, the flagellun brown-black, pedicel brownish yellow. Legs in the female except coxae, honey-yellow, femora darker; in the male wholl] pale yellow. Male antennae pale brownish. Length 0.6 mm. Bred from the eggs of Hyphantria textor. °T. sphingis Ashmead. Black, shining, the thorax very faintly microscopically punc- tate, finely pubescent. Female: antennae dark brown, scape sometimes black, usually pale beneath or at base and apex ; legs pale brown or brownish yellow; coxae black, and the femora and tibiae more or less infuscated. Male antennae and legs yel- low, the coxae black or dusky. Length 0.8-1 mm. Found in the eggs of Phlegethontius sextus. °T. rileyi Howard. Black, shining, the thorax with fine microscopic punctation and down. Antennae dark brown, the scape pale at extreme base. Pedicel a little longer than the first flagellar joint, second, third and fourth moniliform. Legs dark brown or piceous ; trochanters, knees, and tarsi honey-yellow. Parasitic in the eggs of Chlorippe clyton. °T. geometrae Ashmead. Black, shining, impunctate, head three times as wide as long, face convex, highly polished. Female: antennae dark brown, pedicel twice as long as the first flagellar joint, which is only a little longer than thick; legs brown, posterior coxae blackish; trochanters, knees, tips of tibiae, and the tarsi pale. Male an- tennae pale brown, the legs pale or yellowish, with darker femora and tibiae. Length 0.45 mm. Parasitic on the eggs of a Geometrid which infests the wild cherry. °T. arzamae Riley. Black, shining, the head and thorax with a faint microscopic punctation and finely pubescent. Antennae brown, flagellum darker above and beneath, pedicel scarcely longer than the first funicular joint. Legs rufous or reddish yellow ; trochanters and tarsi paler ; the femora and tibiae sometimes darker. Length 0.8 mm. Parasitic on the eggs of Bcllura gortynides. °T. podisi Ashmead. Black, shining, the thorax very finely but distinctly punctate No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 549 and with a white pubescence. Face smooth, vertex microscopic- ally shagreened. Female : antennae brown, the scape and pedicel yellow or brownish yellow, the pedicel distinctly longer than the first funicular joint. Legs, including coxae, honey-yellow. Male antennae with the pedicel half the length of the first flagellar joint. Length i mm. Parasitic on the eggs of Podisus spinosus. °T. chrysopae Ashmead. Black, shining, the thorax microscopically punctate, with a ine pubescence. Antennae brown, the pedicel nearly as long as he first flagellar joint. Legs dark fuscous or brown ; the coxae slack or blackish; trochanters, knees, and tarsi pale. Length 3.6-1 mm. A common parasite on the eggs of various species of the ^europterous genus Chrysopa. °T. clisiocampae Riley. Black, shining, the thorax microscopically punctate. Fe- nale: antennae black, the pedicel much longer than the first lagellar joint ; legs piceous ; trochanters, a small spot on knees, ind the tarsi pale. In the male the pedicel is not so long as the irst flagellar joint, and the legs are more yellow. Length 0.6 nm. Parasitic on the American tent-caterpillar (Malacosoma ameri- •ana). °T. fiskei Brues. Black, shining; legs, except coxae, honey-yellow or brownish mellow, the femora piceous or fuscous. Wings hyaline, venation >ale yellowish, marginal vein half the length of the stigmal vein. Antennae of the female 10- jointed. Parasitic on the eggs of the white-marked tussock moth [Hemerocampa leucostigmd) . Trissolcus Ashmead. Key to Species. 1. Legs, except coxae, and antennal scape pale brochymenae Legs, in part, and scape blackish 2 2. Scutellum rugoso-punctate, subopaque or punctate 3 Scutellum smooth, impunctate 4 3- First flagellar joint shorter than pedicel murgantiae First flagellar joint as long as or longer than pedicel. . .euschisti 550 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 4. First flagellar joint as long as or longer than pedicel podisi First flagellar joint shorter than pedicel thyantae °T. euschisti Ashmead. Shining black, very finely closely punctulate, thorax with a white pubescence. Face with a median furrow. Antennae dark brown, the scape at base and tip, the pedicel, and one or two funicular joints more or less pale brown or yellowish. Legs black; trochanters and tips pale. Length 1.5 mm. Parasitic on the eggs of Euschistus servus. °T. podisi Ashmead. Black, subopaque, thorax microscopically punctate. Head smooth, with a few punctures near the orbits. Antennae entirely black. Legs black; trochanters, knees, tips of tibiae, and tarsi pale or yellowish. Length 1-1.2 mm. Parasitic on the eggs of Podisus spinosus. °T. thyantae Ashmead. Black, subopaque, closely microscopically punctulate. An- tennae black. Legs black; tips of all femora, as well as the tibiae and tarsi, honey-yellow. Marginal vein about one-third the length of the stigmal vein. Length 0.8-1 mm. Parasitic on the eggs of Thyanta custator. °T. murgantiae Ashmead. Black, rugose, the abdomen smooth and polished. Female an- tennae entirely black, those of the male with yellowish scape. Legs black ; the trochanters, knees, and distal ends of the tibiae dark or honey-yellow. Length 0.14-1 mm. Parasitic on the eggs of the harlequin cabbage-bug (Murgantia histrionica) . °T. brochymenae Ashmead. Shining black, the thorax scarcely punctulate. Antennae black, scape, pedicel and first flagellar joint brownish yellow. Legs honey-yellow, with black coxae. Length 0.8-0.9 mm. Parasitic on Brochymena arborea. Aradophagus Ashmead. °A. fasciatus Ashmead. Smooth, polished, honey-yellow. Scape, pedicel, and basal half of first flagellar joint pale or whitish, rest of antennae brown- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 551 black. Wings fuscous, the base and a median band hyaline. Length 1.5 mm. This species is thought to be parasitic on the eggs of certain Aradidae. Acoloides Howard. °A. saitidis Howard. Entirely black. Legs and antennae honey-yellow, coxae black, scape (in female) brownish. Male antennae uniformly honey- yellow. Body opaque, closely minutely punctulate. Wings well developed. Length 1.4 mm. Parasitic on the eggs of the spiders, Saitis pulex and Phidip- pus morsitans. °A. emertonii Howard. Black, shining, but closely microscopically punctulate. An- tennae brown-black, scape pale at extreme base. Legs, including coxae, brownish yellow. Wings well developed. Length 1.4 mm. Aeolus Foerster. °A. zabriskei Ashmead. Black, polished, finely sericeous. Mandibles reddish, scape honey-yellow, fiagellum pale brown. Legs, including coxae, red- dish yellow. Length 1 mm. Parasitic on spiders' eggs. Baeus Haliday. °B. niger Ashmead. Black, shining, with a fine sericeous pubescence. Antennae with the scape and fiagellum pale rufous or brownish yellow, the club large and black. Length 0.7 mm. °B. americanus Howard. Howard, Insect Book, p. 51, Fig. 26. Dark honey-yellow, the antennae and legs pale yellowish. Abdomen fuscous. Length 0.8 mm. Bred from the eggs of an Epeirid spider. Prosacantha Nees. Key to Species. 1. Antennae in part rufous or pale 2 552 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Antennas entirely black, thorax smooth and shining . pennsylvanica 2. Mesonotum smooth and shining or finely ptmctulate caraborum Mesonotum rugose or coarsely sculptured 3 g. Coxae pale 4 Coxae black punctiventris 4. Abdomen longitudinally striated throughout striativentris Abdomen striated at base but smooth or punctate apically marylandica °P. caraborum Riley. Black, shining, the thorax finely rugulose, the scutellum almost smooth. Antennae dark brown or black, the scape a little pale at the extreme base. Legs reddish yellow ; the coxae basally and the mid and posterior tibiae and tarsi fuscous. First three abdominal segments striated. Length 1.6-1.8 mm. Parasitic on the eggs of Chl&nius impunctifrons, a Carabid beetle. °P. punctiventris Ashmead. Black, the thorax and scutellum longitudinally rugulose, sub- opaque. Antennae black, the scape basally rufous. Wings sub- fuscous. Abdomen punctate, striate on the three basal segments. Length 2.5 mm. P. marylandica Ashmead. Black, thorax and scutellum rugoso-punctate. Antennae black, the scape basally and the pedicel at apex yellowish. Legs, including coxae, brownish yellow. Abdomen striated, the fourth and following segments punctate. Length 2 mm. Salisbury, 30 August, 1904 (W. E. B.). °P. pennsylvanica Ashmead. Black, shining, sparsely pubescent, the punctation of the thorax very fine and faint. Antennae black. Legs piceous ; tro- chanters, knees, tips of tibiae, and base of tarsi yellowish. Length 1 mm. °P. striativentris Ashmead. Black, the head and abdomen shining, the thorax opaque, closely punctulate. Abdomen longitudinally striated for its entire length. Legs brownish yellow, the coxae dusky basally. Length 1.5 mm. (male). Mo. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 553 Teleas Latreille. . T. coxalis Ashmead. Black, shining, pubescent. Antennas black, the scape pale at >ase. Thorax and scutellum coarsely rugose, vertex not striated mt slightly sculptured. Three basal abdominal segments striated, he fourth and following closely punctate at base. Length 2 mm. New Haven, 1 September, 1904 (H. L. V.). Hoplogryon Ashmead. °H. minutissimus Ashmead. Black, subopaque, closely microscopically punctulate. Legs •rown or fuscous; the trochanters, knees, tips of tibiae, and tarsi •ale; coxae black. Wings extending just beyond the tip of the bdomen, hyaline. Third abdominal segment smooth. Length »./5 mm. °K. claripennis Ashmead. Black, shining, thorax faintly punctulate, scutellum smooth and •olished. Coxae and legs yellow. Wings hyaline, third abdo- linal segment smooth. Length 1.2 mm. Paragryon Kieffer. Key to Species. 1. With wings fumipennis Wingless 2 2. Coxae black 3 Coxse pale flavipes 3. Abdomen shining, metathoracic angles more or less obtuse borealis Abdomen subopaque, metathoracic angles acute columbianus CP. fumipennis Ashmead. Black, shining, minutely punctulate. Mandibles and legs yel- 5w. Antennae black, the scape yellowish toward the base. Meta- horacic angles obtuse. Mesonotum with traces of parapsidal urrows posteriorly. Wings smoky hyaline, paler at base, -ength 1.4 mm. °P. borealis Ashmead. Apterous, black, subopaque, closely microscopically punctate, nd with a fine sericeous pubescence. Metathorax with the angles ubacute. Antennae black or piceous. Legs pale rufous or rownish yellow with black coxse. Length 1 mm. 554 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °P. columbianus Ashmead. Black, opaque, closely minutely punctulate. Antennae piceous, scape pale rufous. Legs, except coxse, brownish yellow. Angles of metathorax acute. First and second abdominal segments with coarse striae. Length 1.4 mm. °P. flavipes Ashmead. Black, shining, finely punctulate. Legs, including coxae, pale yellow. Antennae piceous, scape basally below pale. Meta- thoracic angles obtuse. Second abdominal segment striated only at the suture. Length 0.6 mm. Caloteleia Westwood. °C. parvipennis Melander and Brues. Honey-yellow; the head, flagellum, tegulae, abdominal horn and tip of abdomen black. Wings reaching only to the middle of the abdomen. Wings yellowish fuscous. Length 1 mm. C. marlattii Ashmead. Brownish yellow, the head black or fuscous. Abdomen more or less blackened apically. Wings hyaline, reaching nearly to the tip of the abdomen. Length 2.5-3.2 mm. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). Baryconus Foerster. °B. cecanthi Riley. Black, closely punctate, subopaque and sparsely covered with a sericeous down. Antennae black; legs black, the bases of the tibiae and tarsi brownish. Abdomen rugulose, tip of horn of female polished. Length 2.5-3 mm' An egg parasite of the tree cricket (CEcanthus niveus). Macroteleia Westwood. °M. floridana Ashmead. Slender, very long, black, rugoso-punctate and sparsely pubes- cent. Antennae dark brown, the scape pale. Legs brownish yellow, coxae of the female black. Abdomen with lineated sculp- ture basally, the apical segments almost smooth. Length 3.5-4 mm. °M. virginiensis Ashmead. Black, shining, with a thimble-like punctation. Antennae No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 555 brown-black, the scape brownish yellow. Legs, including coxae, reddish yellow. Abdomen with large punctures. Length 4 mm. Opisthacantha Ashmead. °0. mellipes Ashmead. Black, subopaque, almost invisibly punctate. Antennas piceous, the scape yellow. Legs pale honey-yellow. Postscutel- lum armed with an acute spine. First three abdominal segments striated. Length 1.4 mm. Cacellus Ashmead. °C. cecanthi Riley. Black, subopaque, closely punctate and covered with a fine sericeous down. Female : antennae with the base and apex of scape and two terminal joints pale. Legs pale rufous. Male antennae brownish yellow. Length 2-2.2 mm. Parasite on the eggs of species of tree-crickets (CEcanthus) . * Hoploteleia Ashmead. °H. floridana Ashmead. Brown-black, closely rugoso-punctate, the middle of the mesonotum smoother. Antennae of female black, the scape rufous ; of male brown, with yellowish scape. Abdomen longitudinally rugulose. Length 3.5-4 mm. . Hadronotus Foerster. °H. anasae Ashmead. Black, coarsely irregularly rugoso-punctate, with a sparse whitish pubescence. Abdomen more evenly and less coarsely sculptured, somewhat lineated. Antennae of female brown, scape, pedicel, and sometimes the base of the flagellum yellow. Legs brownish yellow, the coxae sometimes dusky or even black. Length 1.2 mm. A common parasite of the eggs of the common squash-bug (Anasa tristis). Idris Foerster. *I. nigricornis Brues. Polished black, legs and antennal scape basally rufous. An- tennae black, except the base of the scape, which is rufous. Legs 55^ CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. dark brown, rufous, or yellow. First two abdominal segments striated. Length 2.5 mm. (male). Type locality: Colebrook, 19 August, 1901 (W. M. W.). Bred from a mixed nest of the ants, Myrmica and Lepto- thorax. Sparaison Latreille. °S. famelicum Say. Elongate, black, subopaque, punctate. Antennas fuscous; legs honey-yellow, with black coxae. Parapsidal furrows distinct, the scapulae with a longitudinal grooved line. Wings hyaline. Length 4.5 mm. °S. nigrum Ashmead. Black, shining, very pilose. Frontal ledge in male only a transverse carina, in the female broader and slightly oblique. An- tennae black. Legs black, tibiae and tarsi more or less yellow. Abdomen of male opaque, rugose ; of female punctate, striate and shining. Length 3-3.5 mm. Scelio Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Mesonotum with no indications of parapsidal furrows 2 Parapsidal furrows faint but distinct 3 2. Coxae pale brownish yellow, wings pure hyaline . . . . hyalinipennis Coxae black, wings subfuscous in female, subhyaline in male ovivorus 3. Stigmal vein present, short luggeri Stigmal vein entirely absent calopteni S. hyalinipennis Ashmead. Black, coarsely rugoso-punctate. Scape, pedicel beneath in female, and legs except coxae, brownish yellow or reddish. Wings clear hyaline, with only a trace of the submarginal vein. Length 4-4.5 mm. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). S. ovivorus Riley. Black, very coarsely rugoso-punctate. Antennae brown-black, the scape and pedicel pale rufous or brownish yellow. Legs, in- cluding coxae, pale yellowish. Stigmal vein present. Length 3.6-4.2 mm. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 557 Has been bred from the eggs of the Carolina locust (Dissos- teira Carolina) . Waterbury, 10 July, 1879 (W. H. P.). S. calopteni Riley. Black, rugose, the mesonotum with faint but distinct furrows. Antenna? brown-black, the scape and pedicel yellow. Tegulae pale rufous. Legs, including coxae, pale brownish yellow. Length 3-3.4 mm. Parasitic on the eggs of {Caloptenus) Melanoplus atlanis. S. luggeri Riley. Black, rugose, differs from the preceding only in the presence of a short stigmal vein and the entirely brown-black antennas. Parasitic on the eggs of Caloptenus sp. CERAPHRONID^E. Key to Genera. 1. Marginal vein stigmated, antennae 11-jointed in both sexes 2 Marginal vein not stigmated, male antennae with one more joint than in female 9 2. Males 6 Females 3 3. Metathorax not spined at base 4 Metathorax with a forked spine at base Megaspilus p. 558 4. Thorax much narrowed; completely apterous Eumegaspilus p. 559 Thorax as usual 5 5. Mesonotum narrowed anteriorly, eyes pubescent Conostigmus p. 558 Mesonotum not narrowed in front, eyes usually bare Lygocerus p. 558 6. Metathorax with a forked spine at base.. Megaspilus p. 558 Metathorax not thus armed 7 7. Apterous Eumegaspilus p. 559 Fully winged 8 8. Antennae dentate or ramose Lygocerus p. 558 Antennae filiform, not dentate Conostigmus p. 558 9. Males JI Females I0 10. Scutellum flat or subconvex, with a frenum Ceraphron p. 559 Scutellum convex, without a frenum Aphanogmus p. 560 11. Scutellum depressed or flat, with a frenum; antennae simple, not serrate Ceraphron p. 559 Scutellum convex, acuminate, without a frenum; antennae serrate Aphanogmus p. 560 558 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Megaspilus Westwood. Habropelte Thomson. °M. armatus Say. Black, more or less pilose. Wings fusco-hyaline, darker beneath the stigma. First flagellar joint of the female three times as long as the pedicel, in the male not longer than the scape. Length 3.4-4 mm. °M. fuscipennis Ashmead. Differs from the preceding by the shorter first flagellar joint of the female, which is less than three times the length of the pedicel. In the male it is not longer than the scape. Lygocerus Foerster. °L. stigmatus Say. Black, pubescent, finely punctulate, subopaque. Legs piceous-black, varied with honey-yellow. Male with the first five flagellar joints dentate, the first twice as long as thick. Length 1.4 mm. Parasitic on aphids on poplar and raspberry. °L. niger Howard. Differs from the preceding in having the first to seventh flagellar joints of the male dentate, the first being two and one- half times as long as wide. Length 1.6 mm. Parasitic on the wheat aphis (Siphonophora avence). Conostigmus Dahlbom. Megaspilus Westwood. Key to Species. Females. 1. Face smooth, polished, and impunctate 2 Face finely punctulate or shagreened 3 2. Apex of abdomen compressed so that it gapes open anomaliventris Apex of abdomen normal ambiguus 3. Wings short, reaching to middle of abdomen ottawensis Wings fully developed 4 4. Face finely shagreened or punctulate 5 Face rather coarsely rugose harringtonii 5. First three flagellar joints yellow ottawensis var. Flagellum entirely blackish schwartzii No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 559 °C. anomaliventris Ash mead. Black, shining, head and thorax finely alutaceous. Antennae brown-black. Legs reddish yellow, the posterior coxae dark at base. Tip of abdomen in female compressed, widely gaping open so that the valves of the ovipositor project. Length 2.5 mm. °C. ambiguus Ashmead. Black, shining, finely alutaceous. Scape and legs brownish yellow, the posterior coxae dark basally. Wings nearly hyaline, the stigmal vein less than twice the length of the stigma. Length 1 .2-1.6 mm. C. schwartzii Ashmead. Black, finely shagreened, the scutellum smooth. Scape and legs brownish yellow, antennal scape brownish yellow, the flagellum piceous. Wings hyaline, the stigmal vein one and one- half times as long as the stigma. Length 1.6 mm. Sachem's Head, 3 August, 1904, West Haven, 27 June, 1905, New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H.L.V.). °C. harringtonii Ashmead. Black, the head and thorax with a fine reticulate punctation. Legs dull yellow ; the posterior coxae black and the others dusky. Scape and pedicel yellow, flagellum black. Length 2-2.5 mm- °C. ottawensis Ashmead. Smooth, shining black. Scape, pedicel, and first three flagellar joints yellow. Legs honey-yellow. Wings usually short, reach- ing only to the middle of the abdomen, but sometimes well developed. Length 2-2.5 mm- Eumegaspilus Ashmead. E. erythrothorax Ashmead. Head and abdomen black or fuscous. Face, scape, thorax and petiole rufous or brownish yellow. Legs pale yellow. Wing- less. In nest of Lasius umbratus tnixtus aphidicola. Colebrook, August, 1900 (W. M. W.). Ceraphron Jurine. Key to Species. I. Head, thorax, and abdomen black 3 560 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull, Abdomen obscure rufous or piceous, yellowish at base and beneath 2 2. Flagellum of antennae black pallidiventria Flagellum brownish yellow basally tertius 3. Head and thorax distinctly and closely punctate punctatua Head and thorax smooth or nearly so 4 4. Tegulae black pedalia Tegulse pale flaviscapua °C. pallidiventris Ashmead. Black, the abdomen brownish, the venter yellow. Scape, part of pedicel, and legs pallid yellow. Tegulae yellowish. Wings hyaline, the marginal cell almost closed. Body shining, but dis- tinctly punctulate. Length 1.6 mm. °C. tertius Dalla Torre. Head and thorax polished black. Abdomen rufous, yellowish at the base. Legs brownish yellow. Wings subhyaline, slightly tinged; stigmal vein long and curved. Length 0.8-1.2 mm. °C. punctatus Ashmead. Black, finely and closely punctate, subopaque. Antennae brownish yellow, apical half blackened. Tegulae dull rufous or piceous. Wings subfuscous, stigmal vein long, almost forming a closed marginal cell. Legs brownish yellow. Length 1. 1-1.6 mm. °C. pedalis Ashmead. Polished black, with some sparse, minute punctures. Antennae black. Legs brownish yellow. Wings subhyaline, or slightly yellowish. Length 1.5 mm. °C. flaviscapus Ashmead. Polished black, impunctate. Scape, pedicel, and legs yellow or brownish yellow. Wings hyaline. Tegulae yellowish. Length 1 mm. Aphanogmus Thomson. Key to Species. 1. Mesonotum with a median furrow marylandicus Mesonotum without a furrow 2 2. Wings with a fuscous band virginiensis Wings not banded pallidipes °A. virginiensis Ashmead. Polished black. Antennae and legs fuscous; the scape, No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 561 trochanters and tarsi whitish. Wings hyaline, with a fuscous band beneath the stigma. Length I mm. °A. marylandicus Ashmead. Polished black. Antennae black. Legs dark brown, paler at the tips. Wings entirely hyaline. Length I mm. °A. pallidipes Ashmead. Shining black. Antennae brownish yellow. Legs pale yellow. WTings clear hyaline, the nervures brown, the stigmal vein only a little longer than the marginal and but slightly curved. Length 0.8 mm. DIAPRIIDyE. The present family is very similar in appearance to the follow- ing, but may be usually distinguished by the entire absence of a basal cell in the hind wings. The front wings are less distinctly veined, lacking the marginal cell so prominent in most Belytidae. The antennal prominence is also usually less evident and the antenna of the females more incrassated. Key to Genera. Females. 1. Wings normally developed 6 Wings abbreviated or absent 2 2. Antennae 13-jointed 3 Antennae 12-jointed • • 5 3. Antennae with an abrupt 4-jointed club Basalys p. 568 Antennae without an abrupt club 4 4. Abdomen more or less rounded at apex and depressed; base of second abdominal segment raised dorsally above the petiole, without impression Spilomicrus p. 564 Abdomen ending conically and compressed; base of second segment not raised above the petiole Paramesius p. 563 5. Club of antenna abrupt, 3-j©inted Loxotropa p. 565 Club of antenna 5-jointed or antennae not distinctly clubbed Aneurynchus p. 564 6. Wings emarginate or truncate at the tip Entomacis p. 563 Wings rounded at the tip 7 7. Antennae 13-jointed 8 Antennae 12-jointed 11 8. Subcostal vein not exceeding the basal third of the wing .... Basalys p. 568 Subcostal vein exceeding the basal third of the wing 9 36 562 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 9. Marginal vein punctiform; abdomen broadly truncate at the apex of the second segment, at which point it is broadest Hemilexis Marginal vein large, quadrangular or linear; abdomen not^ truncate I0 10. Tip of abdomen rounded and depressed; base of second segment usually raised above the surface of the petiole; marginal vein once or twice as long as broad Spilomicrus p. 564 Abdomen conically pointed and compressed at tip; base of second segment not raised; marginal vein linear, three or four times as long as broad Paramesius p. 563 11. Face much produced, horizontal; mandibles rostriform, extending to the prosternum Galesus p. 564 Face normal; mandibles not thus prolonged 12 12. Subcostal vein not attaining the border of the wing; stigmal vein separated from the costa Aneurhynchus p. 564 Subcostal vein attaining the costal margin of the wing 13 13. Wings with a well-marked basal vein; antennal club 3-jointed Loxotropa p. 565 Wings without basal vein ^ *4 14. Scutellum without depressions at the base Phaenopria p. 567 Scutellum with one or two basal impressions 15 15. Scutellum carinate or ridged medially • 16 Scutellum flat or feebly convex Trichopria p. 566 16. Club of antennas abrupt, 3-5-jointed; basal margin of second abdominal segment simple Ashmeadopria p. 566 Club of antenna? gradual, 6-jointed; basal margin of second abdominal segment raised and angularly emarginate Diapria p. 565 Males. 1. Antennae 14-jointed Antennae 13-jointed •••• I0 2. Third joint of antennae angulate or emarginate, fourth joint simple; no parapsidal furrows Ashmeadopria p. 566 Third joint of antennae simple; fourth joint sometimes angulate 3 3. Wings absent or abbreviated Loxotropa p. 565 Wings fully developed _ 4 4. Scutellum without any impression at the base Phaenopria p. 567 Scutellum with one or two impressions at the base 5 5. Subcostal vein not attaining the margin of the wing Aneurhynchus p. 564 Subcostal vein attaining the margin of the wing, or absent 6 6. Mandibles rostriform, attaining the prosternum; face pro- duced behind Galesus p. 564 Mandibles normal; face not produced 7 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 563 7. Wings with a well-marked basal vein Loxotropa p. 565 Wings without basal vein ,. 8 8. Scutellum medially carinate 9 Scutellum flat or weakly convex Trichopria p. 566 9. Flagellum of antennae with long, irregularly placed hairs; anterior margin of second abdominal segment raised and emarginate Diapria p. 565 Flagellum verticillate with long hairs; anterior margin of second abdominal segment not raised nor emarginate Ashmeadopria p. 566 10. Wings emarginate or truncate at tip Entomacis p. 563 Wings rounded at tip 1 1 11. Third joint of antennae less than half as long as the fourth Paramesius p. 563 Third joint of antennae at least nearly as long as the fourth 12 12. Base of second abdominal segment raised above the petiole without impression Spilomicrus p. 564 Base of second abdominal segment not raised Hemilexis Entomacis Foerster. °E. subemarginata Ashmead. Polished black, smooth. Legs and antennae yellow. Apex of anterior wing emarginated ; stigmal vein longer than the marginal. Length 1 .3-1.8 mm. *E. ambigua Brues. Shining black. Legs and antennae, except apex, rufous. Mesothorax with distinct furrows, the scutellar fovea deep and broad, longitudinally fluted. Wings obsoletely emarginate at the apex. Length 2.5 mm. Type locality: Colebrook, living in nests of Stenamma ful- vum piceum: Paramesius Westwood. Key to Species. 1. Wings hyaline parvulus Wings fuscous or fusco-hyaline 2 2. Scutellum with two foveas at base spinosus Scutellum with a single fovea at base pallidipes °P. parvulus Ashmead. Shining black, with some sparse hairs. Legs and antennae brownish yellow ; flagellum twice as long as the scape, the five or six terminal joints fuscous or black, the last enlarged, about three times as large as the penultimate. Length 1.5 mm. 564 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °P. spinosus Ashmead. Polished black, with some sparse gray hairs. Antennae, except three terminal joints, and legs reddish yellow; last joint of an- tennas a little longer and thicker than the penultimate. Length 3 mm. °P. pallidipes Ashmead. Polished black, with a few fuscous hairs. Antennae and legs rufous, the last four antennal joints blackish, the last twice as long as the penultimate. Length 2-3 mm. Spilomicrus Westwood. °S. flavicornis Ashmead. Polished black. Antennae and legs brownish yellow. Scutel- lum at base with two almost confluent foveae. Mesonotum with delicate furrows. Wings hyaline, the veins yellowish. Length 1.4 mm. Aneurhynchus Westwood. °A. floridanus Ashmead. Black, sparsely pubescent. Antennae, legs, mandibles, palpi, and tegulae pale brownish yellow. Frontal ridge of male pale rufous. Abdomen smooth, impunctate above and below. Length 3 mm. Galesus Curtis. Key to Species. 1. Wings with a deep emargination at apex politus Wings entire at apex 2 2. Antennae rufous at base, joints longer than wide viereckii Antennae black at base, joints not longer than wide pilosus °G. politus Say. Black. Legs, including coxae, honey-yellow or pale rufous. Head nearly twice as long as wide. Wings with a deep fissure at the apex. Length 2.2-3.6 mm. *G. viereckii Brues. Black, first three antennal joints brown. Legs, except coxae, rufous-yellow. Wings entire at the apex. Length 3.5 mm. Type locality: Colebrook, 21 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 565 °G. pilosus Ashmead. Black, pilose, the head only a little longer than wide. An- tennal scape and the coxae black. Legs rufous. Flagellum brown. Abdomen impunctate at apex. Length 2 mm. Loxotropa Foerster. Key to Species. Females 1. Winged 2 Subapterous nana 2. Upper part of front angulated in front of eyes ruficomis Front smooth, not angulated 3 3. Scutellum with one large transverse fovea abrupta Scutellum with two small confluent foveae at base . . . .flavipes °L. nana Ashmead. Head and abdomen black, thorax rufous. Legs and antennae, except club, brownish yellow. Wings narrow, not reaching to the tip of the abdomen. Scutellum with a small rounded fovea at the base. Length 1 mm. °L. ruficornis Ashmead. Black. Antennae, except club, rufous. Legs, including coxae, reddish yellow. Scutellum with a large fovea at the base. Wings hyaline, the abdominal petiole finely sculptured. Length 1.6 mm. °L. abrupta Thomson. Black. Antennae, except the 3-jointed club, and the legs rufous. Scutellum with a fovea across the base, connected with lateral grooved lines. Wings subhyaline, the abdominal petiole rugose. Length 1.8-2 mm. °L. flavipes Ashmead. Polished black. Antennae, except the club, and the legs brownish yellow or reddish yellow. Wings hyaline. Scutellum with two more or less confluent foveae at the base, the lateral grooved lines absent anteriorly. Length 1.3-1.6 mm. Diapria Latreille. D. conica Fabricius. Black, more or less woolly. Antennae, mandibles, and legs rufous ; the scape darker, and the five apical joints black. Abdo- 566 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. men longer than the head and thorax together. Length 2.5-3 mm. This species is parasitic on the drone-fly or chrysanthemum fly (Eristalis tenax). Waterbury, 28 July, 1879, 18 May, 1884 (W. H. P.). Ashmeadopria Kieffer. °A. carinata Thomson. Black, more or less woolly. Antennae, mandibles, coxae, and thickened parts of femora and tibiae piceous or brown-black ; rest of legs rufous. Abdomen not longer than the head and thorax united. Length 2.5 mm. Trichopria Ashmead. Key to Species. 1. Antennal club 5-jointed 2 Antennal club 4-jointed 4 Antennal club 3-jointed 7 2. Antennae black carolinensis Antennae reddish or rufous at base 3 3. Scutellum unifoveate pentaplasta Scutellum bifoveate rufipes 4. Antennae and legs in great part piceous or black 5 Antennae except club, and legs, rufous or yellowish 6 5. Abdominal petiole not or scarcely longer than thick popenoei Abdominal petiole distinctly longer than thick colon 6. Antennal club entirely black virginica Only the three terminal joints of the club black tetraplasta 7. Legs uniformly reddish yellow erythropus Legs piceous, tarsi and joints lighter agromyzae °T. pentaplasta Ashmead. Black. Antennae, except the club, and legs reddish yellow. Pedicel a little shorter than the first flagellar joint. Antennal club black, the first joint oblong, second, third and fourth quadrate, equal, the fifth longer but not thicker. Length 1.5 mm. °T. popenoei Ashmead. Black and shining, including antennae ; legs with trochanters, base of tibiae, and- tarsi pale rufous or piceous; antennal club of female with first joint small, rounded ; second larger, cup-shaped ; third quadrate. Length 1.5 mm. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 567 °T. carolinensis Ashmead. Black and shining, including antennae ; legs pale rufous, base of coxae and clavate portion of femora and tibiae darker ; second joint of club of female antennas round; third and fourth sub- moniliform, slightly wider than long. Length 2 mm. °T. rufipes Ashmead. Black and shining; antennae except last four joints, and the legs, rufous ; second joint of club of female antennae much wider than the first ; third and fourth quadrate. Length 2-2.2 mm. °T. erythropus Ashmead. Polished black. Antennae, except club, and legs reddish yel- low. Metathorax and petiole piceous. Wings hyaline, strongly fringed. Length 1.6-2 mm. °T. agromyzae Fitch. Black, shining. Antennae piceous-black. Legs honey-yellow; the hind coxae and the thickened parts of the femora and tibiae blackish. Length 1.5 mm. Parasitic on Agromyza tritici, according to Fitch. °T. tetraplasta Ashmead. Black. Antennae, except the apical three joints of the club, rufous. Legs pale rufous or reddish yellow. Wings fusco-hya- line. Length 1.6 mm. °T. colon Say. Black, smooth, and polished. Legs black, with the tro- chanters, knees, and tarsi piceous or brown. Wings subhyaline, strongly fringed, with a fuscous streak below the stigma. Length 1.1 mm. °T. virginica Ashmead. Polished black. Antennae, except the club, and the legs red- dish yellow. Wings clear hyaline, the stigma yellowish. Scutel- lum with a shallow transverse fovea at the base. Length 1.5 mm. Phaenopria Ashmead. Key to Species. Females. I. Antennal club 3-jointed 2 Antennal club 4-jointed schwartzii 568 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 2. Antennae, except club, reddish virginica Antennse entirely piceous or black 3 3. Legs entirely reddish yellow haematobiae Legs rufous; coxae, femora, and tibiae fuscous minutissima °P. minutissima Ashmead. Polished black. Antennae piceous, with rufous scape. Coxae, clavate part of femora, and tibiae piceous. Wings hyaline, the stigma piceous. Length 0.9 mm. °P. haematobiae Ashmead. Shining black. Antennae piceous, with rufous scape. Legs uniformly reddish yellow. Cheeks each with a tuft of grayish woolly pubescence. Length 0.8 mm. Parasitic on the horn-fly {Hcematobia serrata). °P. virginica Ashmead. Polished black, impunctate. Antennae, except club, and legs reddish yellow or yellowish. Cheeks behind, collar, and petiole woolly. Metathorax pubescent. Wings hyaline, fringed; the stigma long, brownish. Head thick, globose. Length 1.1 mm. °P. schwartzii Ashmead. Polished black. Antennae, except club, and legs reddish yel- low or yellowish ; club fuscous. Wings hyaline, the stigma yel- lowish. Length 1-1.2 mm. . Basalys Westwood. °B. fuscipennis Ashmead. Polished black. Cheeks and collar with dense gray wool. Antennae, legs, and petiole brownish yellow. Wings fuscous, marginal vein piceous, with a cloud below its tip. Length 2.7 mm. BELYTID^. Head transverse or subglobose, with the 14- or 15-jointed antennae inserted on a frontal prominence. Wings with a closed costal cell, basal cell, and usually a marginal cell. Hind wings always with a basal cell. Abdomen petiolate. Wingless forms rare. Key to Genera. Females. I. Antennae 15-jointed 2 Antennae 14-jointed Anectata p. 573 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 569 2. Abdomen with only three or fotu; segments 3 Abdomen with seven or eight dorsal segments 4 3. Second abdominal segment not greatly lengthened, third long and strongly compressed from sides Leptorhaptus p. 570 Second abdominal segment very much lengthened, extending nearly to tip of abdomen, third issuing from it as a short stylus Cinetus p. 570 4. Abdomen with eight dorsal segments 5 Abdomen with seven segments Acropiesta p. 570 5. Eyes bare Psilomma p. 573 Eyes hairy 6 6. Middle carina of metanotum not divided 7 Middle carina of metanotum divided or absent Belyta p. 571 7. Postscutellum normal, unarmed . 8 Postscutellum armed with a strong spine Oxylabis p. 571 8. Third dorsal abdominal segment not or very little longer than fourth 10 Third dorsal abdominal segment much longer than fourth . . 9 9. Mandibles small and short Miota p. 571 Mandibles long, falcate Xenotoma p. 572 10. Marginal cell closed II Marginal cell open at apex 12, 11. Stigmal vein straight from margin Zelotypa p. 572 Stigmal vein oblique Pantoclis p. 572 12. Stigmal vein perpendicular to the margin Zygota p. 572 Stigmal vein oblique Aclista p. 573 Males. 1. Petiole of abdomen nearly twice as long as metathorax 2 Petiole of abdomen not or scarcely longer than metathorax. . 4 2. Second abdominal segment compressed laterally, petiole above smooth 3 Second segment not compressed laterally, petiole above more or less furrowed Cinetus p. 57° 3. Antennal scape as long as first funicular joint Leptorhaptus p. 570 Antennal scape shorter than first funicular joint Miota p. 571 4. Middle carina of metathorax not divided 5 Middle carina of metahorax divided or absent Belyta p. 571 5. Postscutellum simple, not spined ° Postscutellum armed with a strong spine Oxylabis p. 571 6. Eyes hairy Eyes bare, mesonotum with furrows Psilomma p. 573 7. Scape with apical margin on one side produced into a tooth Acropiesta p. 570 Scape normal, not toothed at apex 8 8. Marginal cell completely closed 9 Marginal cell open at apex 12 570 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 9. Marginal vein not, or only^a little, longer than stigmal vein 10 Marginal vein at least twice as long as stigmal Zelotypa p. 572 10. Mandibles normal, small 11 Mandibles large, falcate, crossing at tips Xenotoma p. 572 11. Last ventral segment straight and punctate Anectata p. 573 Last ventral segment somewhat bent, impunctate Pantoclis p. 572 12. Stigmal vein perpendicular Zygota p. 572 Stigmal vein very oblique Aclista p. 573 Leptorhaptus Foerster. Key to Species. Abdomen principally black conicus Abdomen principally rufous rufu3 L. conicus Ashmead. Shining black. Antennae, mandibles, palpi, tegulae, and legs brownish yellow. Female antennae as long as the body. Length 3-4 mm. Branford, 28 July, 1905 (H.L.V.). °L. rufus Ashmead. Male entirely rufous, with the appendages lighter. Female with the head, thorax, and petiole black ; antennae extending only to the base of the abdomen. Length 4-4.5 mm. Cinetus Jurine. °C. coloradensis Ashmead. Polished black, pubescent. Scape very long, nearly twice as long as the first flagellar joint. Metathorax smooth, tricarinated, marginal cell as long as the marginal vein. Length 3 mm. (female). °C. americana Ashmead. Black, polished, pubescent. Antennae and legs pale brownish yellow. Metathorax carinated, pubescent. Marginal cell shorter than the marginal vein. Length 3 mm. (male). Acropiesta Foerster. °A. flavicauda Ashmead. Black, shining, with terminal segment of abdomen yellow ; antennae and legs rufous ; wings of female feebly developed. Length 3 mm. NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 571 °A. subaptera Ashmead. Head black ; thorax and abdomen piceous brown ; antennae piceous, the scape and pedicel brownish yellow ; legs brownish yellow; wings of female abbreviated. Length 2.2 mm. Belyta Jurine. Key to Species. Marginal cell closed erythropus Marginal cell open at apex texana °B. erythropus Ashmead. Shining black. Antennae and legs rufous or reddish yellow. Wings subfuscous. Abdominal petiole striate. Length 3-4.5 mm. °B. texana Ashmead. Polished black. Antennae reddish, darker toward the tips in the male. Legs reddish yellow. Wings hyaline, petiole rugose, without any raised lines. Length 3-4 mm. Oxylabis Foerster. Key to Species. Scutellum with a single fovea at base spinosa Scutellum withtwo foveae at base bifoveolata °0. spinosa Provancher. Black. Legs and antennae rufous. Wings subfuscous, the marginal cell almost closed. Length 2.5 mm. °0. bifoveolata Brues. Black. Legs fuscous, varied with rufous. Antennae fuscous, black at the base. Wings hyaline, the marginal cell completely closed. Length 3 mm. Miota Foerster. Key to Species. Marginal cell twice as long as marginal vein mellipes Marginal cell three times length of marginal vein similis °M. mellipes Say. Polished black. Female antennas filiform, the flagellum fus- cous. Legs honey-yellow. Length 2.5 mm. 572 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °M. similis Ashmead. Polished black. Base of antennae and legs honey-yellow. Antennal scape four times as long- as the first flagellar joint. Length 2.8 mm. Xenotoma Foerster. °X. xanthopus Ashmead. Polished black, except the abdomen and thorax in part. Marginal cell two and one-half times the length of the marginal vein. Length 2.4-3 mm- °X. mandibularis Ashmead. Black. Thorax and abdomen more or less rufous. Marginal cell scarcely twice the length of the marginal vein. Length 2.5 mm. Zelotypa Foerster. °Z. longicornis Ashmead. Polished black, pubescent. Antennae fuscous yellow at base. Tegulae and legs brownish yellow. Wings subfuscous. Abdomen rufous at base. Marginal cell two and one-half times as long as the marginal vein. Length 3.2 mm. Pantoclis Foerster. °P. insularis Ashmead. Black. Antennae and legs brownish yellow. Antennae sub- clavate. Marginal cell twice as long as the marginal vein. Meta- thorax smooth on the disc, with three keels. Length 2-3 mm. °P. analis Ashmead. Black. Antennae rufous except tips. Abdomen rufo-piceous, the tip reddish yellow. Marginal cell about five times the length of the marginal vein. Legs pale rufous or brownish yellow. Length 3.2 mm. 2ygota Foerster. °Z. californica Ashmead. Shining black, covered with a fuscous pubescence. Antennae 14-jointed, brown-black. Legs brownish yellow. Wings sub- fuscous, marginal cell closed. Length 3-5_4 mm- NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 573 Aclista Foerster. A. rugosopetiolata Ashmead. Polished black, pubescent. Scutellum with two foveae con- nected by a furrow. Antennae usually stout. Metathorax rugose, carinated. Legs brownish yellow. Length 2.6 mm. Psilomma Foerster. °P. columbianum Ashmead. Polished black. Antennae and legs rufous. Wings subfus- cous, the marginal vein punctiform ; marginal cell long and open, faintly indicated. Metathorax subquadrate, rugose. Length 3.5-4 mm. Anectata Foerster. °A. hirtifrons Ashmead. Black, shining, pubescent, the face with dense whitish pubes- cence. Antennae rufous. Legs rufous or brownish yellow. Wings hyaline, the marginal cell twice the length of the mar- ginal vein. Antennae subfiliform in the female. Length 3.4 mm. serfhidje. Key to Genera. Parapsidal furrows distinct, or at least well indicated Disogmus p. 573 Mesonotum without trace of furrows Serphus p. 573 Disogmus Foerster. *D. obsoletus Brues. Shining black, more or less brownish. Antennae brownish yellow, darker at the tips. Mesonotum with indications of furrows anteriorly. Legs brownish yellow ; tips of tarsi blackish. Length 2.5 mm. Type locality, Morris Cove, 20 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). Serphus Schrank. The species of this extensive genus are recognized by the 13- jointed antennae, edentate mandibles, smooth convex mesonotum, and abdominal stylus of the female. The hypopygium of the male ends in two short spines. 574 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Key to Species. 1. Head and thorax black 2 Head and mesonotum pale or rufous 10 2. Abdomen black 3 Abdomen in great part reddish or yellowish 8 3. Discoidal nervures entirely wanting 4 Discoidal nervures more or less indicated by fuscous streaks californicus 4. Marginal cell much shorter than stigma 5 Marginal cell large, as long as stigma flavipes 5. Cauda short, not, or scarcely one-third, the length of abdo- men 7 Cauda as long as abdomen clypeatus 6. Metanotum above smooth, with three carinae 7 Metanotum rugose above, with a single median keel carolinensis 7. Coxae black or dusky above abruptus Coxae entirely pale obsoletus 8. Metathorax with a median carina 9 Metathorax without a distinct median carina caudatus 9. Coxae black linellii Coxa: pale melliventris 10. Metathorax coarsely rugose, with longitudinal raised lines caudatus Metathorax rugose but not longitudinally striated pallidus 11. Metathorax twice as long as high longiceps Metathorax shorter quadriceps S. caudatus Say. Reddish testaceous. Metathorax black, and upper part of mesothorax and sutures often blackened. Metathorax coarsely rugose, with longitudinal raised lines, but without a distinct cen- tral longitudinal carina. Cauda as long as the abdomen. Length 7-10 mm. Salisbury, 27, 30 August, 1904, Kent, 31 August, 1904 (W. E. B.). °S. pallidus Say. Reddish testaceous. Metathorax more finely rugose than in caudatus, and with a median carina. Cauda half the length of the abdomen. Length 6-9 mm. °S. linellii Ashmead. Black. Legs, except coxae, rufous, and abdomen rufous except the last three segments. Hind tibial spur one-third the length of the metatarsus. Length 4 mm. (male). NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 575 S. melliventris Ashmead. Head and thorax black. Abdomen yellow, the petiole and the tip black. Legs yellow, hind tibial spur one-third the length of the metatarsus. Length 4-5 mm. (male). New Haven, 31 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). S. californicus Holmgren. Black. Legs, except coxae, and antennas beneath reddish. Antennae with first to fifth joints of flagellum dentate beneath. Length 4-4.5 mm. (male). New Haven, 31 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). °S. flavipes Provancher. Black. Mandibles, tegulae, and legs, including coxae, pale yellow. Marginal cell as long as the stigma. Posterior tibial spur two-thirds the length of the metatarsus. Length 3.5-4.5 mm. °S. clypeatus Ashmead. Black. Clypeus and mandibles rufous. Legs, including coxae, yellowish. Cauda longer than the abdomen, reddish basally. Tibial spur of posterior leg one-half the length of the metatarsus. Length 4.5 mm. °S. abruptus Say. Black. Legs reddish yellow, coxae often in part black. Cauda only one-fourth the length of the abdomen. Length 2.5-3 mm- °S. obsoletus Say. Larger than abruptus and with the antennae almost wholly yellow. Length 4 mm. Parasitic on Stelidota strigosa. S. carolinensis Ashmead. Black. Antennal scape, tegulae, and legs yellow ; coxae dusky at base. Metathorax with a single carina extending to the tip. Posterior tibial spur half the length of the metatarsus. Length 5-5.5 mm. Putnam, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). °S. longiceps Ashmead. Black. Antennae, except tips, yellowish. Legs reddish yellow, the coxae dusky. Metathorax weakly rugulose, with a median carina. Cauda as long as the metatarsus. Spur of posterior tibiae one-third as long. Length 7 mm. 576 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. S. quadriceps Ashmead. Black. Legs reddish yellow, with dusky coxae. Antennae rufous-yellow. Metathorax with a median carina and a large smooth area on each side. Cauda as long as the hind metatar- sus. Posterior tibial spur a little less than one-half the length of the metatarsus. Length 4 mm. New Haven, 31 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). helorim:. Helorus Latreille. Tarsal claws pectinate; wings with the basal nervure abruptly broken and bent downwards, forming a triangular discoidal cell. Antennae 15-jointed. H. paradoxus Provancher. Shining black. Tegulae and legs pale rufous ; the coxae black, and the femora darker toward the base. Wings hyaline. Length 4-5 mm. Parasitic on the cocoons of Chrysopa. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.). pelecinim:. Pelecinus Latreille. A single species occurs very commonly within the state. It is the largest of all the Serphoidea found here. P. polyturator Drury. PI. ix, Fig. 1. Black. Annulus on antennae and male tarsi whitish. Abdo- men of female about five times the length of the head and thorax, composed of six slender cylindrical segments. Abdomen in male clavate, the petiole as long as the abdomen, about the length of the head and thorax. Length : female 50-60 mm., male 22 mm. Parasitic on the grubs of May beetles of the genus Lachnos- terna. New Haven, 24 August, 1904, 7, 18 August, 1906, Cheshire, 18 August, 1906 (P. L. B.) ; Scotland, 10 August, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Suffield, 26 July, 1906, New Haven, 14 August, 1906 ( W. E. B.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 577 formicoidea. formicim:. By William Morton Wheeler. The ants (family Formicidae) are social Hymenopterous in- sects, and may be distinguished from the social bees and wasps by having workers, or neuters, as they are less appropriately called, without wings. They are, moreover, readily distinguished from these and all other Hymenopterous insects by the following characters : i. The first antennal joint in the workers and females, and often also in the males, is greatly elongated and forms what is known as the scape. The remaining shorter joints, constituting the funiculus, or flagellum, are articulated at an angle with the scape and can be folded up against it. 2. One or two of the segments of the base of the abdomen are much reduced in size to form a pedicel, and these segments are either nodiform or bear an erect or inclined scale. When only one of these segments is present, it is known as the petiole ; when two are present, the first is the petiole, the second the post- petiole. The swollen portion of the abdomen behind the pedicel is known as the gaster, and has one more visible segment in the male than in the female (queen). 3. The legs of ants are distinguished from those of many other Hymenoptera in having only one instead of two small joints (trochanters) between the hip (coxa) and femur. 4. The venation of the wings of male and female ants is much simplified and differs considerably from that of other Hymenoptera. The female, or queen ant, unlike the queens of the social bees and wasps, loses her wings after fertilization. The colonies of all our northern ants nest either in the ground or in decaying wood. The nests, or formicaries, may be under stones or logs, and always consist of irregularly excavated, inter- communicating cavities, unlike the regular paper or waxen combs of other social Hymenoptera. Often the nests are surmounted 37 578 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. by earthen craters or dome-shaped mounds, or " hills." The latter are perforated with cavities which serve as incubators for the young, that is, for the minute eggs, the legless, grub-like larvae, and the pupae. The pupae are either naked or enclosed in ellip- tical cocoons which are spun by the mature larvae. Many species of ants harbor in their nests messmates or para- sites belonging "to various groups of insects. Some of these so- called myrmecophiles are fed and cared for by the ants, others prey upon the ants or their brood. Certain species of ants may themselves become parasitic on other ants. A few of these para- sitic species have lost their worker caste completely, and are, therefore, represented only by male and female individuals like the non-social Hymenoptera. The food of ants consists primarily of other insects found dead or in a moribund or helpless condition on the ground or vegeta- tion. Many species, however, feed on honey-dew, and either col- lect this sweet liquid directly from the plant-lice and scale insects of which it is the excrement, or lap it up from the surfaces of the leaves on which it has fallen. Ants are, on the whole, bene- ficial insects, since they consume enormous numbers of dead and decomposing organisms. Many of the less abundant species are neither beneficial nor noxious. A few, like the little red house- ant (Monomorium pharaonis) and the large black carpenter-ant (Camponotus pennsylvanicus), are sometimes a pest in houses. Both of these species are very fond of feeding on sweets in pan- tries, kitchens, etc., and the carpenter-ant also has the injurious habit of excavating its galleries in the beams and rafters of houses. A few species, like the garden ant (Lasius americanus) and the silky ant {Formica subsericea), disfigure lawns and garden beds with their burrows and craters. . The following list of ants occurring in Connecticut has beer prepared at the suggestion of Dr. W. E. Britton from material collected by himself, Mr. H. L. Viereck, and others in various parts of the state, and from my own collections made during several summers in the vicinity of Colebrook, Winsted, and Nor- folk in the Litchfield Hills. This list is probably very incom- plete, as I have found several species in adjacent portions of New York (ft g., near White Plains), not represented in the material from Connecticut. Previous authors have recorded from the No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 579 latter state several species which I have had to discard. Mayr ascribed to Connecticut Pogonomyrmex subdentatus, an ant known to oecur only in the arid deserts of the Southwest ; and Buckley described the following species from the same state: Formica nortonii, F. americana, F. connecticutensis, F. gnava, F. occiden- tal's, and Myrmica (Diplorhoptrum) scabrata. With the excep- tion of F. gnava, none of these forms can be recognized from Buckley's abominable descriptions. Under F. gnava he evidently included several different ants. One of these, a form of F. fusca intermediate between the varieties subsericea Say and neoru- fibarbis Emery, I have been able to recognize in the Texan fauna, and I have therefore restricted Buckley's name to this particular variety. With this single exception, however, all of the above names of Buckley's Formicidae may be consigned to oblivion. As the worker caste is the best known and most commonly met with, it is the only one used for identification in the tables published in the following pages. These tables include the sub- families, genera, and subgenera known to occur in North America north of Mexico. Of the five subfamilies only four are repre- sented in the Northern States, the remaining one (Dorylinae) being confined to tropical and subtropical regions. Key to Subfamilies. i. Cloacal orifice ventral, slit-shaped; sting well developed or vestigial; abdominal pedicel consisting of one or two seg- ments a Cloacal orifice terminal, circular, surrounded by a fringe of hairs; abdominal pedicel consisting of only a single seg- ment; no constriction between the first and second gastric segments; pupae usually enclosed in cocoon Camponotin^ p. 590 2. Sting developed, sometimes very small but nevertheless ex- sertile; abdominal pedicel consisting of one or two seg- ments; when of only one, a distinct constriction between first and second gastric segments 3 Sting vestigial; abdominal pedicel consisting of a single seg- ment; no constriction between first and second gastric segments; anal glands which produce a secretion with a peculiar rancid-butter odor (" Tapinoma odor ") often present; pupae naked Dolichoderin^s p. 589 3. Pupae always enclosed in cocoons; abdominal pedicel consist- ing of a single segment; gaster with a distinct constriction between its first and second segments; frontal carinae §8o CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. separated or close together; when close together, dilated to form oblique or horizontal laminae partly covering in- sertions of antennae PonerinjE p. 580 Pupae naked; abdominal pedicel consisting of two segments 4 4. Frontal carinae very close together, almost vertical, not at all covering antennal insertions; eyes always very small or absent; tropical and subtropical DorylinjE Frontal carina? of a different conformation and covering the antennal insertions; eyes rarely vestigial or absent; cos- mopolitan MYRMiciNiE p. 581 PONERIN^. Key to Genera. 1. Frontal carinae closely approximated; antennae inserted very near oral margin; tip of gaster strongly deflected down- ward 2 Frontal carinas of a different conformation; tip of gaster not deflected downward 3 2. Front of clypeus projecting in middle; petiole nodiform Sysphincta Clypeus not projecting in middle; petiole surmounted by a seale Proceratium 3. Mandibles linear, inserted close together at middle of oral border; petiole terminating in a point or spine above Odontomachus Mandibles inserted at corners of head; petiole rounded or flattened above 4 4. Antennae very thick and robust Antennae not greatly thickened 5. Pygidium with a row of prominent prickles on its lateral border; last antennal joint not greatly enlarged Acanthostichus Pygidium without prominent prickles on its lateral border; last antennal joint greatly enlarged Cerapachys 6. Mandibles long and slender, with coarse, bidenticulate teeth; clypeus with numerous teeth on its anterior border; peti- ole not constricted posteriorly Stigmatomma p. 581 Of a different conformation 7 7. Claws pectinate ° Claws simple 9 8. Mandibles edentate, slender; without distinct apical border Leptogenys (s. str.) Mandibles broader, generally toothed; with distinct apical border Leptogenys (Lobopelta) 9. Median spur of mid and hind legs alone developed; lateral spurs lacking; small species with vestigial eyes..Ponera p. 581 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 581 Both spurs of mid and hind legs well developed; medium or large species, with larger eyes 10 10. Cheeks with a longitudinal carina Neoponera Cheeks without a carina n 11. Pronotum more or less marginate on sides; mid tibiae not abbreviated nor beset with prominent bristles Pachycondyla (s. str.) Pronotum not marginate on sides; mid tibiae short, with prominent bristles on their exterior surfaces Euponera (Pseudoponera) Stigmatomma Roger. S. pallipes Haldeman, var wheeleri Santschi. This singular and primitive ant is subterranean or hypogaeic in its habits, and occurs only in rich, rather damp woods, under stones, leaf-mold, or more rarely under rotten logs. It is by no means common. The colonies are small, comprising in extreme cases from- forty to sixty individuals. The males and winged females appear in August and early September. Suffield (Geo. Dimmock) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). Ponera Latreille. P. coarctata pennsylvanica (Buckley) Emery. Like the preceding, this small, slender species lives in small colonies, but is much more abundant. It nests under stones and vegetable mold, in rotten logs, etc., in rather open woods, along hedges, etc. The males and winged females appear in late August and early September. Colebrook (W. M. W.). Myrmicin^e. Key to Genera. 1. Workers absent Epoecus ; Sympheidole; Epipheidole Workers present 2 2. Clypeus not extending back between frontal carinae, which are closely approximated; antennae 12-jointed Pseudomyrma Clypeus almost always extending back between frontal carinae, which are more or less separated; in the opposite case antennae 1 i-jointed 3 3. Antennal fossae prolonged as grooves for antennal scapes 582 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. along sides of head dorsal to eyes and covered by ex- tended lateral margins of head; antennae 11-jointed Cryptocerus Antennal fossae of a different conformation or antennae of a different number of joints 4 4. Postpetiole articulated to dorsal surface of gaster, which is flattened dorsally, more convex ventrally, and pointed at tip Crematogaster p. 585 Postpetiole inserted at anterior end of gaster, which is of the usual shape 5 5. Antennae 6-jointed; head cordiform, antennal fossae as long as scapes Strumigenys Antennae with more than six joints 6 6. Antennae 11-jointed; without a distinct club or with a club consisting of only a single joint 7 Antennal club consisting of several joints, or antennae not 11-jointed 10 7. Integument rough, bearing stiff or hooked hairs 8 Integument smoother; hairs scale-like and appressed Cyphomyrmex 8. Large species; workers highly polymorphic; head with a pair of occipital spines only; thorax with three pairs of dorsal spines or tubercles Atta (s. str.) Small species; workers monomorphic or feebly polymorphic; thoracic dorsum with four pairs of spines or tubercles 9 9. Head broad with rounded occipital lobes, without supraocu- lar spines or tubercles Atta (Moellerius) Head narrow, with angular occipital lobes; body rough, cov- ered with small tubercles Atta (Trachymyrmex) 10. Antennae with a 2-jointed club n Antennal club, when developed, with more than two joints 12 11. Antennae 10-jointed, epinotum unarmed Solenopsis p. 584 Antennae 11-jointed, epinotum dentate Erebomyrma 12. Posterior margin of clypeus elevated in the form of a welt or ridge bordering antennal fossa in front 13 Posterior border of clypeus not thus elevated 15 13. Portion of clypeus in front of antennal insertion narrow but not reduced to a mere ridge; antennae of male 10-jointed. . 14 Portion of clypeus in front of antennal insertion reduced to a mere ridge; antennae of male 13-jointed ..Myrmecina p. 584 14. Antennae 12-jointed Tetramorium (s. str.) Antennae 11-jointed Tetramorium (Xiphomyrmex) 15. Antennae 1 i-jointed 16 Antennae 12-jointed 19 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 583 16. Thorax and petiole without any traces of teeth or spines; pro- notum never angular 17 Epinotum armed with spines or teeth 18 17. Petiole distinctly pedunculate Monomorium p. 584 Petiole not pedunculate Xenomyrmex 18. Mesoepinotal constriction distinct; males ergatomorphic Symmyrmica Mesoepinotal constriction faint or lacking; males not ergato- morphic Lepthothorax p. 588 19. Workers strongly dimorphic, usually without intermediates connecting the extreme forms; antennal club 3-jointed, longer than remainder of funiculus Pheidole p. 584 Workers monomorphic or polymorphic, *. e., with mediae in- termediate between major and minor forms; antennal club indistinct or shorter than remainder of funiculus 20 20. Last three antennal joints much shorter than remainder of funiculus and not forming a distinct club 21 Last three antennal joints forming a distinct club nearly as long as remainder of funiculus 26 21. Thoracic dorsum impressed at mesoepinotal suture; promeso- notal suture usually distinct 22 Thoracic dorsum without any traces of suture or impressions Pogonomyrmex 22. Posterior tibial spurs pectinated Myrmica p. 587 Posterior tibial spurs simple 23 23. Small hypogaeic species, with vestigial eyes and two keels on clypeus Stenamma p. 585 Medium-sized epigaeic species with well-developed eyes and no keels on clypeus 24 24. Workers monomorphic 25 Workers polymorphic Novomessor 25. Cosmopolitan species with moderately slender thorax and legs Aphaenogaster (s. str.) p. 585 Tropical and subtropical species with very slender thorax and legs Aphaenogaster (Deromyrma) 26. Clypeus armed with a pair of ridges which project forward in the form of teeth, rarely without teeth, but then the epinotum quite unarmed; mesoepinotal suture marked Monomorium p. 584 Clypeus of a different conformation, rarely 2-toothed, but then the mesoepinotal suture indistinct 27 27. Postpetiole campanulate, not constricted behind, but applied with its whole posterior surface to first gastric segment Macromischa Postpetiole constricted behind . . . . . Leptothorax p. 588 584 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Myrmecina Curtis. M. graminicola americana var. brevispinosa Emery. Rare; nesting in small colonies under stones in shady woods. Males and winged females appear during August. It is a timid species which " feigns death " when rudely handled. Colebrook (W. M. W.). Monomorium Mayr. M. minimum (Buckley) Emery. This very small jet-black ant nests in small crater nests in sandy or gravelly places. The workers move in files, visiting plants in search of honey-dew and the secretion of the extrafloral nectaries. The species seems to be absent from the hilly portions of the State. New Haven, North Haven (H. L. V.). °M. pharaonsis Linnaeus. This little " red " or " yellow house ant," though not recorded from Connecticut, can hardly be absent from the seaport towns, as it is common on ships and has been carried to all parts of the world from its original home in the warmer regions of the Old World. Solenopsis Westwood. S. molesta Say. A species with minute yellow workers and much larger brown females and blackish males. It is common in open grassy places, where it may live either in independent formicaries under stones, or as a thief ant in the walls separating the galleres of the formi- caries of larger ants belonging to the genera Formica, Myrmica, Aphcznogaster, etc. The males and winged females appear late in August. New Haven (E. B. Whitttlesey) ; North Haven (H. L. V.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). Pheidole Westwood. P. pilifera Roger. This ant undoubtedly occurs in sandy regions in the southern portion of the State, as it is common on Long Island (Cold Spring Harbor) and has beefr found in Massachusetts. It is a true har- vesting ant, storing the chambers of its nest with seeds of grass No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 585 and other plants. The huge-headed soldiers undoubtedly func- tion as seed-crushers. New Haven (W. E. B.). Crematogaster Lund. C. lineolata Say. A very common species, nesting under stones in open places, under stumps, boards, the bark of old logs, etc. There is a vesti- gial tendency in this ant to construct carton partitions or cells in its nest or over aphids and coccids on plants. The workers, which have a disagreeable odor, move about in loose files and often carry the triangular gaster over the thorax with the tip turned forward. The males and winged females may be found in the nests from the latter part of July to September. Connecticut (Mayr) ; Branford, West Haven (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, New Canaan ( W. E. B.) ; Suffield (Geo. Dimmock) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). C. lineolata var. cerasi Fitch. Differs from the preceding in its paler color. Colebrook (W. M. W.). Stenamma Mayr. S. brevicorne Mayr. Rare ; nesting in small colonies under stones or vegetable mold in rich woods. Colebrook (W. M. W.). Aphaenogaster Mayr. Key to Species. 1. Antennal scape with a long, flattened lobe at its base ....treatae Antennal scape without a lobe 2 2. Basal third of first gastric segment longitudinally striated marias Basal third of first gastric segment smooth 3 3. Epinotal spines at least as long as base of epinotum; color red tennesseensis Epinotal spines shorter than base of epinotum; color red- dish brown or black 4 4. Epinotal spines somewhat longer than half the base of epi- notum; length 4.5-5 mm (typical) fulva Epinotal spines shorter; length 4-4.5 rnm 5 586 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 5. Color reddish brown fulva subspecies aquia Color pitchy black fulva aquia var. picea A. tennesseensis Mayr. This species differs from our other species of Apfaznogaster in having very small and very smooth females with huge epinotal spines. These aberrant females probably establish their colonies in nests of Aphcenogaster fulva or some one of its varieties, in the same way that Formica difUcilis var. consocians establishes its colonies in nests of F. schaufussi var. incerta (vide infra). At least tennesseensis is known to occur only in regions where fulva is unusually abundant, and several mixed colonies of the two species, containing queens of tennesseensis only, have been recorded. When living in unmixed colonies it always nests in rotten wood. Colebrook (W. M. W.). A. treatae For el. The female and worker are easily recognized by the remark- able lamella on the base of the antennal scape. Poquonock (H. L. V.), almost the northernmost locality in which this species has been found. A. mariae Forel. A single winged female that had just descended from her nuptial flight was taken 8 September, 1901. Colebrook (W. M. W.). A. fulva Roger. Nesting in rotten wood in rather dense forests; rarer than the following subspecies and variety. Connecticut (Mayr); Colebrook (W. M. W.). A. fulva aquia (Buckley) Emery. Under stones in shady woods, often in the same stations as the following variety. Branford (H. L. V., H. W. W.) ; New Haven (H. L. V.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). A. fulva aquia var. picea Emery. Apparently common throughout the State. The males and winged females appear during July and August. Connecticut (Emery) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 587 Myrmica Latreille. Key to Species. 1. First gastric segment with coarse, scattered punctures punctiventris First gastric segment without such punctures 2 2. Antennal scape not dilated to form a tooth or lobe at base, but merely curved brevinodis and varieties Antennal scape toothed or lobed at base scabrinodis and varieties M. punctiventris Roger. A rare species nesting in small colonies under stones or moss in moist shady woods. It is easily recognized by the coarse punctures on the gaster of the worker and female. The winged phases appear during August and September. Colebrook (W. M. W.). M. brevinodis Emery, var. canadensis Wheeler. In Connecticut this form is confined to the bogs and low-lying pastures among the Litchfield Hills where it nests in grassy hum- mocks or under stones. It is the host of a species of Leptothorax, L. emersoni (see p. 588). The males and winged females appear during August. Colebrook (W. M. W.). M. scabrinodis Nylander, var. sabuleti Meinert. This variety of the palearctic scabrinodis is reddish in color and in the male phase has the antennal scape somewhat more than a third the length of the funiculus. It nests in sandy or gravelly, sunny places, such as open pastures, roadsides, etc. The males and winged females may be found in the nests in the latter part of August. West Haven, Branford (H. L. V.) ; New Haven (W. E. B.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). M. scabrinodis var. schencki Emery. This form sometimes passes in the literature as lobicornis. The male has short, thick antennal scapes, shorter than those of sabuleti and rarely longer than one-fourth of the funiculus. Stafford (W. E. B.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). M. scabrinodis var. fracticornis Emery. A form which is occasionally found nesting in the grass of 588 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. cool bogs or meadows, and is small and dark colored, with the antennal scape bent at a right angle. Connecticut (Pergande, Emery). Leptothorax Mayr. Key to Species. 1. Thorax faintly but distinctly impressed at mesoepinotal su- ture • 2 Thorax not impressed at mesoepinotal suture 3 2. Post petiole opaque, sculptured acervorum subspecies canadensis Postpetiole smooth emersoni 3. Color black or dark brown; epinotal spines very long and straight longispinosus Color yellow ; epinotal spines curved 4 4. Epinotal spines long and thin (typical) curvispinosus Epinotal spines short and nearly straight curvispinosus subspecies ambiguus L. acervorum subspecies canadensis Provancher. A rather rare boreal form nesting in bark in small colonies. Colebrook (W. M. W.). L. emersoni Wheeler. Living only in xenobiosis with colonies of Myrmica brevi- nodis. It obtains its food by licking the surfaces and mouth-parts of the Myrmica workers, and brings up its brood in little cells which communicate by means of slender galleries with the larger chambers and runways of the Myrmica. The males and winged females appear during August. Colebrook (W. M. W.). L. longispinosus Roger. A black species nesting under small stones lying on large boulders, in the clefts of rocks, in hollow nuts lying on the ground, and more rarely under bark. The workers seek their food, which consists of small insects and honey-dew, on the low vegetation in the shade of the trees. Colebrook (W. M.W.). L. curvispinosus Mayr. Nesting in hollow twigs, galls, etc. Easily recognized by its yellow color and the two black or brown spots on the first gastric segment. Bran ford, Rockville (H. L. V.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 589 L. curvispinosus Mayr, subspecies ambiguus Emery. Very similar to the preceding but with shorter and straighter epinotal spines. West Haven (H. L. V.) ; Stafford (W. E. B.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). Tetramorium Mayr. °T. caespitum Linnaeus. Though this form has not yet been recorded from Connecticut, there can be little doubt that it occurs within the state. I have found it at Mamaroneck and Cold Spring Harbor, N. Y., both localities very near the Connecticut boundary. It has been in- troduced into America from Europe. DOLICHODERIN^E. Key to Genera. 1. Chitinous integument hard and brittle, often strongly sculp- tured; thorax and petiole often spinose or angular Dolichoderus p. 589 Chitinous integument thin and flexible, smooth or very finely sculptured; thorax and petiole always unarmed 2 2. Scale of petiole very small, strongly inclined forward, or even altogether absent 3 Scale of petiole more or less inclined, but well developed .... 4 3. Scale of petiole small but distinct; gizzard with a convex, 4- lobed calyx Forelius Scale vestigial or absent; gizzard with a depressed calyx, without lobes Tapinoma p. 590 4. Epinotum with a conical elevation Dorymyrmex Epinotum without a conical elevation 5 5. Body not conspicuously hairy or pubescent; gizzard very short with a large reflected calyx; ocelli absent . . Iridomyrmex Body densely pubescent; gizzard at least as long as broad; ocelli usually present in large workers Liometopum Dolichoderus Lund. D. mariae Forel. Readily distinguished from our other species of Dolichoderus by the bright red head and thorax in the worker and female. It forms large colonies, nesting in sandy places about the roots of grasses and bushes. The workers ascend trees in files and attend aphids and coccids. Connecticut (Emery). 590 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. D. plagiatus Mayr. The head and thorax of the worker are coarsely punctate or foveolate and the gaster has large yellowish red spots. It nests in the ground in small colonies. In other respects its habits re- semble those of the preceding species. Rockville (H. L. V.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). Tapinoma Foerster. T. sessile Say. Evidently very common, especially in the southern portion of the state. It nests under stones, dead leaves, logs, bark, etc., usually in sunny places. The larvae and pupae are salmon-colored. The workers emit a peculiar rancid-butter odor, the characteristic " Tapinoma odor," which serves to distinguish them from all our other eastern ants. Branford, New Haven, Stony Creek, Double Beach (H. L. V.) ; Orange (W. E. B.) ; Colebrook ( W. M. W.). Camponotin^e. Key to Genera. i. Antennae 9-jointed Brachymyrmex p. 591 Antennae with more than nine joints 2 2. Workers strongly polymorphic, i. e., with large-headed work- ers (majores) and small-headed workers (minores) and in- termediate forms (mediae) Camponotus p. 600 Workers not polymorphic though often of variable size .... 3 3. Clypeal fossa distinctly separated from antennal fossa 4 Clypeal fossa confluent with antennal fossa 5 4. Antennal scapes and tibiae with erect hairs; mesonotum con- stricted but not subcylindrical .Prenolepis (Nylanderia) p. 591 Antennal scapes and tibiae without erect hairs; mesonotum strongly constricted and subcylindrical Prenolepis (s. str.) p. 591 5. Second to fifth joints of funiculus shorter or not longer than succeeding joints; ocelli usually absent 6 Second to fifth joints of funiculus longer than succeeding joints; ocelli distinct * 7 6. Maxillary palpi 6-jointed Lasius (s. str.) p. 591 Maxillary palpi 3-jointed Lasius (Acanthomyops) p. 594 7. Fourth joint of maxillary palpi nearly as long as fifth Myrmecocystus Fourth joint of maxillary palpi a little longer than fifth 8 8. Mandibles with broad dentate apical border Formica p. 594 Mandibles narrow, falcate and pointed Polyergus p. 599 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 59I Brachymyrmex Mayr. B. heeri depilis Emery. The smallest of the New England ants. It nests under stones in shady woods and has habits similar to those of Lasius. It at- tends root Coccidse. The males and winged females make their appearance about the middle of August. Colebrook (W. M.W.). Prenolepis Mayr. P. imparis Say. I have not found this ant in the Litchfield Hills. It makes small crater nests in shady oak woods in soil usually containing more or less clay. The workers visit trees for the purpose of attending aphids, obtaining the secretion of extrafloral nectaries, etc. After imbibing these liquids, the gaster often becomes so distended that it is four or five times its normal size and the insects walk with difficulty. In this replete condition imparis workers may be said to represent a temporary stage of the more extraordinary enlargement of the gaster seen in the honey ants (Myrmecocystus) of the Southwestern States and Mexico. The males and females of imparis often pass the winter in the parental nest and celebrate their nuptial flight early in the spring. New Haven, Yalesville (H. L. V.) ; Branford (H. W. W.) ; New Haven (W. E. B.). P. imparis var. minuta Emery. Differs from the preceding merely in the smaller size of the worker. It is probably not a true variety but merely a nest variation (incipient colony form). New Haven, Yalesville (H. L. V.). Subgenus Nylanderia. °P. (N.) parvula Mayr. Undoubtedly occurs in southern Connecticut. I have taken it as far east as Mamaroneck and Cold Spring Harbor, N. Y., but have never been able to find it in the Litchfield Hills. Lasius Fabricius. Key to Species. 1. Maxillary palpi 6-jointed (Lasius s. str.) 2 Maxillary palpi 3-jointed (subgenus Acanthomyops) 7 592 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 2. Last three joints of maxillary palpi elongated, of nearly equal length 3 Last three joints of maxillary palpi short, successively diminishing in length 4 3. Scapes and legs without erect hairs niger var. americanus Scapes and legs beset with erect hairs niger var. neoniger 4. Tips of scapes not quite reaching to posterior corners of head brevicornis Tips of scapes surpassing posterior corners of head 5 5. Tips of antennal scapes but slightly surpassing posterior corners of head; color pale yellow flavus subspecies nearcticus Tips of antennal scapes extending some distance beyond posterior corners of head; color brownish yellow 6 6. Gaster subopaque; with appressed hairs umbratus subspecies mixtus var. aphidicola Gaster smooth and shining, without appressed hairs umbratus mixtus var, speculiventris 7. Petiole low and blunt above in profile latipes Petiole higher, thin, and acute above in profile 8 8. Penultimate joints of distally incrassated antennal funiculus somewhat broader than long; gaster with abundant long hairs claviger Penultimate joints of but slightly incrassated antennal funiculus not broader than long; gaster with sparse long hairs interjectus L. niger Linnaeus, var. americanus Emery. This ant, which passes in much of our entomological literature as L. alienns, is not only the commonest of our numerous species of Lasius, but the most abundant of our ants, and hence, of all our insects. It occurs over the whole of North America except the extreme southern and southwestern portions, from timber- line on the highest mountains to the sands of the seashore. Even in circumscribed localities it shows in its nesting sites great adaptability to different physical conditions, from the damp rotten wood of dense forests to the sandy soil of dry, sunny roads. Usually the workers living in the latter stations are much paler in color than the woodland forms. The nests are indifferently under bark, logs or stones, in rotten wood or in soil. When in the open soil, they are surmounted by small single or clustered craters. Like all of our other species of Lasius, L. niger var. americanus is much given to cultivating root aphids in the cham- bers and galleries of its nests; but, with the exception of the variety neoniger, it is the only one of our forms that is not exclu- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 593 sively subterranean in its habits. It may often be seen visiting the foliage of trees and bushes in search of aphids and small insects. Professor S. A. Forbes has shown that it is of consid- erable economic importance on account of its noxious habit of cultivating the root aphids of maize, or Indian corn (Aphis maidiradicis) . The males and winged females appear in August. New Haven, West Haven, Branford (H. L. V.) ; New Haven (W. E. B., B. H. W.) ; Colebrook, Winsted, Norfolk (W. M. W.). L. niger Linnaeus, var. neoniger Emery. Differs from the preceding variety in having erect hairs on the legs and antennal scapes in the workers and females. New Hartford, Stafford ( W. E. B.) ; Colebrook, Winsted, Norfolk (W. M. W.). L. flavus nearcticus Wheeler. The American representative of the European flavus, under which name it is sometimes recorded in the literature. The bodies of the workers have a milky white appearance. The colonies, which are rather small, nest under stones or leaf-mold in damp, shady woods. The males and winged females appear during the first week of August. Connecticut (Mayr) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). L. brevicornis Emery. The worker of this species differs from that of the preceding in having the antennal scapes not reaching beyond the posterior corners of the head. The colonies nest under stones on hill slopes and in pastures where the soil is rather dry and sandy. The males and winged females appear about the middle of August. Branford (H. W. W.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). L. umbratus mixtus Nylander, var. aphidicola Walsh. Nesting under stones or in old logs and stumps in damp, shady woods. The colonies, which are rather populous, cultivate snow- white root aphids and coccids in great numbers, especially during the winter and early spring. The males and females appear during August and early September. Westport (W. E. B.) ; Colebrook, (W. M. W.). L. umbratus mixtus var. speculiventris Emery. This form, originally described as a distinct species, is scarcely 38 594 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. more than a variety. Its habits, according to my observations, are very similar to those of aphidicola. Colebrook (W. M. W.). Subgenus Acanthomyops Mayr. L. (A.) interjectus Mayr. The yellow Lasix of the subgenus Acanthomyops, besides having only 3- instead of 6-jointed maxillary palpi in the worker and female phases, have a peculiar and rather agreeable odor like lemon verbena, and quite unlike the odor of the typical Lasix. They all form large colonies and lead a subterranean aphidicolous existence. L. interjectus is the largest species of the genus. It is found nesting in old logs and stumps in open woods and occa- sionally makes rough mounds or merely excavates its galleries under large stones. Connecticut (Mayr) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). L. (A.) claviger Roger. The commonest of our species of Acanthomyops, nesting under stones along the edges of woods whdre there is plenty of warmth and moisture. The males and winged females may be found in the nests from the middle of August till the latter part of Sep- tember. Connecticut (Mayr); Colebrook (W. M. W.). L. (A.) latipes Walsh. Rather common in grassy fields under stones. It has been shewn by Mr. J. F. McClendon and myself that some colonies of this ant have dimorphic females. One of these females (the /3 -female) is very hairy, and has much flattened femora and tibiae. The other female (the a -female) is intermediate in structure between the /3-female and the female of claviger. The males and winged females are found in the nest during the latter part of August. Colebrook (W. M. W., J. F. McClendon). Formica Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Clypeus with a notch in middle of anterior border (F. sanguined) , 2 Clypeus without a notch in its anterior border 4 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 595 2. Color deep red, gaster black 3 Color light red, gaster brown sanguinea subspecies subintegra 3. Head and thorax not infuscated; slaves nearly always present in formicaries sanguinea subspecies rubicunda Head and thorax often infuscated above; slaves few or entirely absent sanguinea subspecies aserva 4. Posterior border of head broadly excised exsectoides Posterior border of head not excised 5 5. Body rather stout; head of larger workers usually but little longer than broad; second to third funicular joints, much more elongated than sixth to eighth; color red, with brown or black gaster 6 Body more slender and graceful; head of larger workers dis- tinctly longer than broad; second to third funicular joints but little more elongated than sixth to eighth; color rarely as in preceding 9 6. Petiole broad, with sharp upper border 7 Petiole narrow, thick and blunt above difficilis var. consocians 7. Gula, or lower surface of head, with erect hairs 8 Gula and body without erect hairs . .truncicola subspecies integra 8. Tibiae with suberect hairs ; females large truncicola subspecies obscuriventris Tibiae without suberect hairs; females very small nepticula 9. Middle funicular joints more than one and one-half times as long as broad; scape very slender and nearly straight; petiole with convex anterior and posterior surfaces and blunt upper margin; body smooth and rather shining (pallide-fulva) 10 Middle funicular joints usually less than one and one-half times as long as broad; scape distinctly curved at base; posterior surface of petiole flat, body more densely pubes- cent (fusca) J3 10. Gula and petiolar border with erect hairs « Gula and petiolar border without erect hairs 12 11. Yellowish or reddish brown, gaster but little darker, gula and petiolar hairs numerous pallide-fulva subspecies schaufussi Somewhat smaller and darker, with only a few erect hairs on gula and petiolar border pallide-fulva schaufussi var. incerta 12. Head and thorax deep reddish; gaster brownish black, shining pallide-fulva subspecies nitidiventris Head and thorax as well as gaster dark brown or piceous, sur- face more opaque pallide-fulva nitidiventris var. fuscata 13. Gula without erect hairs *4 Gula with erect hairs x5 596 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 14. Gaster finely and densely pubescent, with gray, silky luster fusca var. subsericea Gaster scarcely pubescent, finely shagreened, shining with a submetallic luster fusca var. subaenescens 15. Color light brown, with darker head and gaster subpolita Color black or dark brown, with reddish legs neogagates F. sanguinea rubicunda Emery. This subspecies of the holarctic " blood-red slave-maker," or sanguinary ant, is less common than the next. It usually nests under stones in grassy places along the edges of woods. It obtains slaves, or auxiliary workers, by kidnapping the larvae and pupae of subsericea. The males and winged females appear during July and August. New Haven (B. H. W.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). F. sanquinea subintegra Emery. This variety has the same auxiliary species as the preceding, and the somewhat smaller males and winged females make their appearance during the same months. New Haven (H. L. V.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). F. sanguinea aserva (Forel). Rarer than the preceding form of sanguinea. The slaves, which are present in the colonies only in very small numbers or are altogether absent, belong to subsericea. Colebrook (W. M. W.). F. exsectoides Forel. This " mound-building ant of the Alleghanies," as McCook has named it, is found nesting in open glades or clearings and is not uncommon in the more hilly portions of the State The mounds which it constructs of earth and vegetable debris, are regularly dome-shaped and usually vary from three to four feet in diameter at the base and from one to two feet in height. They are exposed to the sun, though often covered with living grass except at the summit. (See plate v.) The entrances are very numerous and mostly confined to a broad girdle around the base. A single colony often extends over several mounds. The work- ers, which are easily distinguished from those of our other species of Formica by the excised posterior border of the head, are very pugnacious. Like the European exsecta, they have a habit of sawing off the heads of other ants. It is known that the No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 597 females establish their colonies in depauperate colonies of fusca var. subsericea. Connecticut (Mayr) ; Branford, North Haven, New Haven (H. L. V.) ; New Hartford, Stafford (W. E. B.) ; Cromwell, Hartford (Forel) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). F. truncicola obscuriventris Mayr. A single colony, found near the summit of one of. the Litch- field Hills (about 1,400 feet). Connecticut (Mayr) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.) ; Brookfield (E. L. Dickerson). F. truncicola integra Nylander. Our largest and most conspicuous form of truncicola nesting in great colonies which often comprise several nests. These are in piles of large stones or in old logs and stumps. The ants stuff all the crannies of their abodes with bits of dead grass, leaves, etc. Like most other species of Formica, Integra is much given to attending aphids. It is most abundant in hilly regions, where it prefers sunny glades or clearings in the forests. The males and winged females appear in July. Connecticut (Mayr) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). F. difficilis Emery, var. consocians Wheeler. In this interesting species, as I have shown, the females, which are yellow and hardly larger than the largest workers, are tem- porary parasites in the nests of schaiifussi var. incerta. Soon after fertilization the queen seeks adoption in some depauperate and probably queenless colony of incerta and there permits her hosts to bring up her young. Later the incerta workers die off, leaving the consocians as a pure and independent colony, which grows rapidly in size and shows no evidence of its parasitic origin. The nesting habits of difficilis resemble those of in- tegra on a small scale. Colebrook (W. M. W.). F. nepticula "Wheeler. Like the preceding, this species has very small females, which, in all probability, are social parasites in the colonies of some other Formica, probably neogagates Emery. The males and winged females make their appearance during July. Colebrook (W. M. W.). 598 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. F. pallide-fulva schaufussi Mayr. This is one of the commonest species of Formica. It nests in rather small colonies under stones or in small, obscure mound nests in sunny and grassy fields. It is timid and runs rapidly. Its food seems to consist very largely of the excrement of aphids and the carcasses of insects. Connecticut (Mayr and Emery) ; New Haven (W. E. B.) ; Winsted, Norfolk, Colebrook (W. M. W.). F. pallide-fulva schaufussi var. incerta Emery. Common in the same localities as the typical schaufussi, from which it differs merely in somewhat darker coloration and in having fewer hairs on the chin and petiolar border. It is the host of diMcilis var. consocians. Branford (H. W. W.) ; Rockville (H. L. V.); Winsted, Norfolk, Colebrook (W. M. W.). F. pallide-fulva nitidiventris Emery. The workers are smaller than those of the two preceding forms, dark colored, without hairs on the chin and petiolar border, and with more shining and less pubescent gaster. The habits are similar to those of other forms of the species. New Haven (P. L. B.) ; Salisbury, New Haven, Orange (W. E. B.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). °F. pallide-fulva nitidiventris var. fuscata Emery. This variety, which is characterized by its dark color and somewhat opaque gaster, can hardly be absent from Connecticut, as it occurs in the adjacent states. F. fusca Linnaeus, var. subsericea Say. Silky Ant. Next to Lasius niger var. americanus, this is the commonest of our ants and hence also of our insects. It prefers sunny, grassy places, and either constructs dome-shaped mounds which are largest and most definite in outline in the Middle States, or excavates its galleries under stones, boards, the bark of stumps, etc. Except when living in large colonies, it is a very cowardly species. Like the other members of the genus Formica, it attends aphids, but is equally fond of feeding on the dead bodies of insects. The males and winged females make their appearance during July and August. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 599 Suffield (Dimmock) ; Branford, Cheshire, Mt. Carmel, New Haven (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, Salisbury ( W. E. B.) ; Crom- well, Hartford (Forel) ; Winsted, Norfolk, Colebrook (W. M. W.). F. fusca var. subaenescens Emery. A rare species, apparently, in New York and New England, but common in the Northern Middle States (Illinois, Wiscon- sin, Michigan). It differs from the preceding variety in having a more metallic and less pubescent surface. It prefers to nest under logs and stones in rather shady woods. Connecticut (Emery) ; Colebrook ( W. M. W.). °F. subpolita Mayr. I have not seen specimens of the typical form of this species from the State. It is possible that Mayr's specimens may have belonged to the following species. Connecticut (Mayr). F. neogagates Emery. Nesting in rather small colonies under stones only on the hills at an altitude of about 1,000 feet or more, according to my obser- vations. The males and winged females appear during late July and early August. Kent, Salisbury ( W. E. B.) ; Norfolk, Colebrook (W. M. W.). Polyergus Latreille. P. lucidus Mayr. This rare and beautiful species, the " shining slave-maker " of McCook, or " shining amazon," as it may be called, uses the workers of Formica schaufussi as slaves, or auxiliaries. These are bred from pupa? kidnapped from their maternal nests by the warlike lucidus workers. The latter are quite unable to feed themselves, excavate their nests, or care for their own brood, but have to depend for these important activities on the schaufussi workers. Hence the ants of this species are quite unable to live an independent life and may be regarded as permanently para- sitic on fragments of schaufussi colonies which they bring to- gether with great skill. The sexual forms make their appear- ance during August. Connecticut (Mayr). 6(X) CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Camponotus Mayr. Key to Species. 1. Clypeus with a distinct notch or impression in the middle of its anterior border fallax and its varieties Clypeus without such a notch or impression 2 2. Head of worker major smooth and shining behind; color, at least in part, light red or yellow (castaneus) • • 3 Head of worker major opaque or feebly shining behind; color black, or black and dark red (herculeanus) 4 3. Yellow or light red; gaster slightly darker (typical) castaneus Head black or dark brown castaneus subspecies americanus 4. Gaster opaque, with long, appressed pubescence 5 Gaster shining, with short, sparse pubescence; thorax deep red . . . .herculeanus subspecies ligniperda var. noveboracensis 5. Deep black throughout ...herculeanus subspecies pennsylvanicus Legs, posterior portion of thorax, petiole, and base of gaster brownish red herculeanus pennsylvanicus var. ferrugineus C. fallax Nylander, var. nearcticus Emery. Till recently this species has been cited in the literature as C. marginatus Latreille. Our American subspecies and varieties nest in the hollow twigs of trees and bushes and attend aphids. Connecticut (Mayr) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). C. castaneus Latreille. The typical form of this species is probably confined to the lower, warmer, and southernmost portions of the State, as I have seen no trace of it in the Litchfield Hills. It nests under stones and logs in rather small colonies. Connecticut (Mayr, Coe) ; Westville (W. E. B.). C. castaneus americanus Mayr. Brookfield (E. L. Dickerson). C. herculeanus pennsylvanicus Degeer. Carpenter Ant. The common " carpenter ant," entirely black in color. It nests usually in shady woods in old logs and stumps, whence it may migrate into old farm-houses and suburban residences, and become a pest, both by riddling the wood-work with its large anastomosing galleries and by visiting the pantries and kitchens for sweets. Connecticut (Mayr) ; Woodmont (P. L. B.) ; New Haven, Branford (H. L. V.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. OOl C. herculeanus pennsylvanicus var. ferrugineus Fabricius. A beautiful color-variety of pennsylvanicus, with the legs, in- ferior and posterior portions of the thorax, petiole, and base of gaster rust-red in the female and worker phases. Its habits are very similar to those of the typical form, but it seems to be less abundant and more local in its distribution. I have been unable to find it in the Litchfield Hills. New Haven (E. J. S. M., H. L. V.) ; Orange, New Canaan (W. E. B.). C. herculeanus ligniperda var. noveboracensis Fitch. Nesting in old stumps and logs like the preceding, from which it differs in having a smoother surface and an entirely red thorax in the worker phases. New Hartford, Orange (W. E. B.) ; Colebrook (W. M. W.). 602 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. chrysidoidea. chrysidim:. The cuckoo wasps or gold wasps. These most beautiful of all the wasps in the state are guests or parasites in the nests of bees and wasps. Key to Genera. 1. Tongue not longer than thorax 2 Tongue longer than thorax, bee-like Parnopes p. 605 2. Third abdominal segment without submarginal grooves or pits 3 Third abdominal segment with submarginal grooves or pits; head as broad or broader than postscutellum Chrysis p. 604 3. Tarsal claw with 2 to 6 teeth besides apical tooth 4 Tarsal claw different 5 4. Apical abdominal segment not produced as if pinched; apical margin of third abdominal segment notched, rounded .... Omalus p. 602 Apical abdominal segment produced as if pinched; apical margin of third abdominal segment emarginate, the emar- gination filled or partly filled with a membrane Notozus p. 603 5. One small perpendicular tooth in middle of tarsal claw Hedychridium p. 603 Tarsal claws cleft Hedychrum p. 603 Omalus Jurine. Key to Species. Two teeth within tarsal claw iridescens Three to six teeth within tarsal claw, notch much wider than deep corruscans Notch as broad as deep sinuosus *0. iridescens Norton. Length 3-5 mm. ; margin of the third abdominal segment semi-transparent yellowish. O. corruscans Norton. Length 6.5 mm. Parasitic upon the wasp Diodontus ameri- canus, and another wasp, SHgmus americanus. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 603 O. sinuosus Say. Length 3-4 mm. Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Notozus Foerster. Key to Species. Snout-like projection of abdomen not projecting distinctly beyond line of margins of third segment viridicyaneus Snout-like projection of abdomen distinctly projecting be- yond line of margins of third segment marginatus °N. viridicyaneus Norton. Length 5-6 mm. N. marginatus Patton. Length 3-5 mm. Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Hedychridium Perrin. But one species is known from the state. H. dimidiatum Say. A triangular area below the postscutellum ; pro- and meso- thorax with close equal punctures. Branford, 4 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Rockville, 23 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). Hedychrum Latreille. Key to Species. Head and thorax above with smoothed areas and sparse punctures obsoletum Head and thorax above with no smooth areas; blue and purple to emerald-green violaceum H. obsoletum Say. Length 5.5 mm. New Haven, 13 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 6 July, 1904 (P. L. B). H. violaceum Brulle. Length 7.5 mm. Scotland, 10 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). 604 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Chrysis Linnaeus. Key to Species. 1. Apical margin of abdomen entire; abdomen green, blue, and purple, like thorax 2 Apical margin of abdomen not entire 5 2. Posterior^ corners of margin of third segment rounded, even, not produced \ 3 Posterior corners of margin of third segment angulated, produced; small series of submarginal pits at apex of abdomen cobaltina 3. An arched keel across face above basin verticalis No arched keel across face above basin 4 4. Submarginal series of pits at apex of abdomen at bottom of a strong declivity , .pacifica Submarginal series of pits at apex of abdomen in a broad shallow groove hilaris 5. Apical margin of abdomen with one notch; abdomen blue or green like thorax perpulchra Apical margin of abdomen with two or more notches 6 6. Apical margin of abdomen with two notches — three teeth.. 7 Apical margin of abdomen with three notches — four teeth 8 7. Postscutellum rounded behind, not produced doriae Postscutellum conical behind, produced parvula 8. Lateral margin of third abdominal segment, seen from side, bisinuate; basin of face striate frey-gessneri Lateral margin of third abdominal segment, seen from side, not bisinuate 9 9. Lateral margin of third abdominal segment, seen from side, straight or arched inwardly 10 Lateral margin of third abdominal segment, seen from side, arcuate or sinuate just before outer apical teeth nortoni 10. Median teeth farther from each other than from outer teeth nitidula Median teeth not farther from each other than from outer teeth caerulans C. (Chrysogona) verticalis Patton. Length 4-6 mm. C. (Olochrysis) pacifica Say. Length 6-12 mm. C. (O.) hilaris Dahlbom. Length 6 mm. °C. (O.) cobaltina Aaron. Length 9 mm. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 605 °C. (Gonochrysis) perpulchra Cresson. Length 6-8 mm. °C. (Trichrysis) doriae Gribodo. Length 4.5 mm. C. (T.) parvula Fabricius. Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 12. Length 7-1 1 mm. °C. (Tetrachrysis) frey-gessneri Gribodo. Length 7-8.5 mm. C. (T.) nitidula Fabricius. " Frontal carina strong; third joint more than one-half again as long as fourth ; notauli strongly curved outwardly anteriorly." (S. A. Rohwer.) Scotland, 25 July, 1904 (B. H. W.) ; Pemaquid Point, Me., 2 September, 1909 (H. W. Foote). C. (T.) caerulans Fabricius. New Haven, 17 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.) ; Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L.V.). C. (T.) nortoni Aaron. Length 6-9 mm. Parnopes Fabricius. But one species is likely to occur in the state. °P. aglaspidula Melander and Brues. Postscutellum emarginate; antennae in greater part black; legs metallic ; tegulae green. Length 10 mm. 6o6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. VESPOIDEA. By Sievert Allen Rohwer.* The superfamily Vespoidea is composed of a number of distinct types of predaceous and solitary wasps. There is so much variation in the structure and in the habits of the species that it is very likely that, when a complete and entirely satis- factory classification of these insects has been made, the pres- ent superfamily Vespoidea will be divided into a number of superfamilies. In fact this has already been suggested by Mr. Banks when he proposed the superfamily Scolioidea. The group of Diploptera, including the families Eumenidae and Vespidse of the present paper, is composed of closely related, easily recognized forms. The habits of the more specialized members of this group resemble those of the bees, and in this group we have three well defined forms or sexes, that is the males, females and workers. It is difficult to say whether this superfamily, as a whole, is beneficial or injurious; as some of the large groups such as the Mutillidae and Sapygidae are parasitic within the nests of bees and would have to be considered as injurious; while such groups as the Bethylidse, Dryinidae, Scoliidae and Psammocharidae are all beneficial insects, as they are either parasitic on Homoptera or white grubs, or provision their nests with spiders. The Diplop- terous insects are, in the main, beneficial as they destroy very many Lepidopterous larvae, although specimens are often found flying around fruit and are often very annoying. The following table of the families will serve to distinguish all the North American insects belonging to these families but will not apply in one or two cases to certain exotic genera or species. Key to Families. I. Posterior angle of pronotum sharp and above tegula; wings folded longitudinally in repose 2 ♦The families Bethylidse and Dryinidae are by Charles T. Brues, as indicated at the beginning of each of these families. The Ceropalinae and Eumenidas are by Henry L. Viereck. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 607 Posterior angle of pronotum rounded or rather sharp but always in front of or below tegula; wings not folded longi- tudinally in repose 3 2. Claws dentate; two forms, males and females EUMENID^ p. 634 Claws simple; three forms, females, males, workers VESPIDyE p. 640 3. No constriction between first and second abdominal seg- ments; discoidal cells obsolete, or if the first is present it is petiolate 4 A constriction between first and second abdominal segments which is usually deep; at least first discoidal cell well de- fined, not petiolate 5 4. Head oblong; antennae with twelve or more joints; stigma lanceolate; fore tarsi of female never chelate bethylid;e p. 608 Head transverse, subquadrate or globose; antennae 10- jointed; stigma large; fore tarsi of female chelate DRYINID.E p. 613 5. Legs very long, posterior femora when directed backward extending beyond middle of abdomen; mesepisternum with a dividing cephalocaudal suture. .PSAMMOCHARID^E p. 625 Legs of usual length, posterior femora when directed back- ward not reaching to middle of abdomen; mesepisternum without a dividing cephalocaudal suture 6. Sternellum large, sharply defined, extending between inter- mediate coxae so they are well separated; females winged; tibiae usually flattened with bristles exteriorly SCOLIIDJE p. 616 Sternellum not defined; intermediate coxae contiguous; or, if coxae are somewhat separated, readily distinguished from the preceding family by not having sternellum separated from eusternum by a transverse suture; tibiae not flattened and without a single rugose area; if rugose, nearly uniformly so 7 7. Clypeus with length and width subequal or nearly so; female winged; apex of abdomen in male without appendages; eyes deeply emarginate SAPYGID^E p. 620 Clypeus transverse, very much wider than long; apex of the abdomen in male armed or unarmed; eyes usually entire 8 8. Female thorax divided into three parts; apex of abdomen in male armed with a single spine METHOCID.E p. 620 Female thorax divided into two parts, prothorax being well separated; apex of abdomen in male without Spines MYRMOSID.E p. 621 Female thorax undivided; apex of abdomen in male with two spines MUTILLID.E p. 621 608 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. BETHYLID.E. By Charles Thomas Brues. Key to Genera. 1. Wings fully developed 2 Wings absent or reduced in size 14 2. Anterior wings with a closed small discoidal cell Parasierola p. 612 Anterior wings without any closed discoidal cell 3 3. Radius well developed; one, two, or three closed basal cells 4 Radius not developed; median and submedian cells open.. Neoscleroderma p. 610 4. Wings with an accessory thickening before stigma (para- stigma) 5 Wings without parastigma 7 5. Antennae 13-jointed Goniozus p. 612 Antennae 12-jointed 6 6. Eyes pubescent; median and submedian cells of equal length Plastanoxus p. 611 Eyes bare; median cell longer than submedian Progoniozus p. 612 7. Metathorax not margined behind 8 Metathorax margined behind 10 8. Scutellum without foveae or an impressed groove at its base Apenesia p. 610 Scutellum with a broad transverse groove at its base 9 9. Pronotum with a transverse groove before posterior margin; tarsal claws tridentate .Pristocera p. 609 Pronotum without such groove; tarsal claws simple or bidentate Pseudisobrachium p. 609 10. Radius much longer than basal vein, forming a cell which is open at apex II Radius very short, never longer than basal vein 13 11. Base of scutellum with two foveae, sometimes united by a narrow impressed line Epyris p. 611 Base of scutellum with a broad transverse groove across its base T2 12. Mesonotum without parapsidal furrows Holepyris p. 611 Mesonotum with two parapsidal furrows . . . . Rhabdepyris p. 612 13. Antennae 12-jointed Paralaelius p. 610 Antennae 13-jointed Laelius p. 610 14. Metathorax flattened, with one or several longitudinal carinae 15 Metathorax without any median carina 17 15. Base of scutellum with two foveae, parapsidal furrows present Epyris p. 611 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. OOO. Base of scutellum with a transverse groove; no parapsidal furrows 16 16. Metathorax with one longitudinal carina. . Neoscleroderma p. 610 Metathorax with three longitudinal carinas . . . .Holepyris p. 611 17. Metathorax extending anteriorly between lobes of meso- thorax as far as their middle 18 Methathorax inserted behind mesothorax, between lobes of which it does not extend forward. . Pseudisobrachium p. 609 18. Metathorax feebly contracted near middle, its base as wide as its apex Apenesia p. 610 Metathorax contracted at or near base Pristocera p. 609 Pristocera Klug. Only a single species occurs within the state. P. armifera Say. Male black, shining, coarsely punctate ; wings f usco-hyaline ; abdomen short, ovate, shining. Female ant-like, reddish brown, the abdomen paler. Length : male, 7-8 mm. ; female, 4 mm. Kent, 31 August, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; Rockville, 25 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). Pseudisobrachium Kieffer. The slender legs, absence of malar space and 4-jointed labial palpi distinguish the males from Epyris, and the strangulated thorax makes the females readily recognizable. Key to Species. Males. 1. Wings tinged with fuscous 2 Wings hyaline rufiventre 2. Mandibles with small teeth within myrmecophilum Mandibles large and broad, without teeth within . . .mandibulare Females. 1. Abdomen not longer than thorax myrmecophilum Abdomen much longer than head and thorax united 2 2. Antennae nearly twice the length of head mandibulare Antennae only one and one-half times the length of head rufiventre °P. rufiventre Ashmead. Male: head and thorax black, shining, abdomen rufous; legs, including coxae, pale; antennae reddish. Female: head blackish ; thorax brown ; legs, antennas, and abdomen brownish yellow. Length 3.5-4 mm. 39 6lO CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °P. myrmecophilum Ashmead. Male: black, punctate; mandibles rufous, antennae and legs pale brownish yellow; abdomen piceous, paler at the sutures. Female: head piceous; thorax lighter; legs brownish yellow; abdomen piceous. Lives in ant nests. Length 3-3.5 mm. °P. mandibulare Ashmead. Male: like preceding, but the mandibles have only one large and one small tooth. Female: like rufiventre, but the antennae are fully twice the length of the head instead of one and one-half times. Lives in ant nests. Length 3.5 mm. Neoscleroderma Kieffer. °N. tarsalis Ashmead. Black, polished, impunctate; antennae dark brown, legs piceous to black with the articulations somewhat reddish and the tarsi honey-yellow. Parasitic on the beetle Silvanus surina- mensis, which is a common pest of various food products. Length: female, 1.8 mm.; male, 1.5 mm. Apenesia Westwood. °A. coronata Ashmead. Black, shining, alutaceous ; metathorax with a median carina ; wings hyaline, the veins pale brownish ; legs black, tips of tibiae and tarsi, pale; abdomen as long as the thorax. Male: length 3 mm. Parasitic on the common cucujid beetle Catogenus rufas. Laelius Ashmead. L. tricarinatus Ashmead. Black; legs, except coxae, and antennae brownish yellow. Antennae twice as long as the head ; scutellum with a transverse furrow ; metathorax with three carinae on the disc ; wings hyaline, veins pale yellowish, marginal and stigmal veins obsolete. Length 2.5-2.9 mm. New Haven, 26 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Paralaelius Kieffer. Bethylus Auctorum, not Latreille. Key to Species. Legs honey-yellow pedatus Legs black, tibiae and tarsi brownish centratus No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 6ll P. pedatus Say. Female: polished black; antennae one and one-half times the length of the head, flagellar joints quadrate ; mesonotum without furrows; wings hyaline, venation yellowish. Antennae of male three times the length of the head. Length 2.5 mm. New Haven, 10 February, 1904. Epyris Westwood. Head oblong, about as long as wide, maxilla bilobed, mesono- tum with furrows. Abdomen ovate. Legs stout, femora much swollen. Key to Species. Scutellum with two foveae at base bifoveolatus Scutellum with a transverse line at base rufipes E. rufipes Say. Body without trace of metallic lustre, black ; metathorax with from six to eight longitudinal carinae, mesopleurae foveated; mandibles 5-dentate ; wings sub-hyaline. Length 4 mm. Kent, 31 August, 1904 (W. E. B.). °E. bifoveolatus Ashmead. Black, shining; coxae and legs brownish yellow; metathorax with seven raised lines, the lateral ones abbreviated; tegulae yellow; wings sub-hyaline, the venation yellow. Length 3.5- 6 mm. Plastanoxus Kieffer. °P. chittendeni Ashmead. Black, smooth and shining ; the legs piceous black, with white tarsi; scutellum with an impressed line at base, metathorax punctulate above ; wings hyaline, the venation pale. Parasitic on the beetle Cis fuscipes. Length 1.5 mm. Holepyris Kieffer. °H. subapterus Melander and Brues. Brownish black; antennae and legs brown; wings short, not reaching to base of abdomen; metathorax with three median carinae and a lateral one, transversely wrinkled. Length 3 mm. 6l2 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Rhabdepyris Kieffer. R. occidentalis Ashmead. Legs rufous, femora more or less fuscous ; wings sub-hyaline ; body aeneous black ; the metathorax with five longitudinal carinae with transverse lines between. Length 4-5 mm. Willimantic, 4 August, 1905 (H. L, V.). Progoniozus Kieffer. Key to Species. Wingless in female sex .' prolongatus Winged in both sexes minimus °P. minimus Ashmead. Shining black; legs brown, the tarsi and anterior tibiae honey-yellow ; mandibles black, antennae honey-yellow ; wings hyaline, venation pale, stigmas brown. Length 1.8-2 mm. °P. prolongatus Provancher. Shining black, head very large ; legs black, trochanters, tibiae, and tarsi honey-yellow ; wings aborted, not extending to the tip of the metathorax. Parasitic on Crambus caliginosellus. Length 4.2 mm. Parasierola Cameron. P. cellularis Say. Black, shining; the antennae varying from honey-yellow to fuscous ; legs piceous, lighter apically ; wings of male clear hyaline, of female slightly infuscated. Length 2-3 mm. Milford, 17 August 1905 (H. L. V.). Goniozus Foerster. An undescribed species of this genus is parasitic upon the codling-moth in Kansas, and is shown in Howard's Insect Book, Fig. 19, page 36. Key to Species. 1. Stigma and parastigma brown 2 Stigma and parastigma black foveolatus 2. Stigma twice as long as wide platynotae Stigma two and one-half times as long as wide. . . .columbianus °G. platynotae Ashmead. Shining black; the mandibles, antennae, and legs pale honey- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 613 yellow, the femora darker; metathorax smooth, with delicate median and lateral carinae. Parasitic on Platynota sentana. Length 3 mm. ^ °G. foveolatus Ashmead. Shining black, delicately punctate ; antennae honey-yellow ; legs piceous, paler at tips; wings sub-hyaline, stigma and paras- tigma black. Length 2.5-3 mm- °G. columbianus Ashmead. Shining black, the head very feebly microscopically punctate ; antennae yellow except at base ; wings hyaline, stigmas brown and veins pale yellow; legs brown, paler toward tips. Length 1.5-2 mm. dryinid;e. By Charles Thomas Brues. Key to Genera. 1. Males 2 Females 4 2. Front wings with an oval or ovate stigma 3 Front wings with a narrow or lanceolate stigma, occiput deeply concave Gonatopus p. 614 3. Pronotum much shorter than mesonotum, the latter without furrows Anteon p. 616 Pronotum longer than mesonotum, the latter with furrows Chelogynus p. 615 4. Wingless, ant-like, without scutellum Gonatopus p. 614 With wings and scutellum 5 5. Vertex convex, not impressed 6 Vertex deeply impressed or concave, winged, with a scutel- lum Dryinus p. 614 6. Pronotum not or scarcely visible from above, more or less hidden by front margin of mesonotum, which is strongly developed, furrows on the latter distinct, maxillary palpi 5-jointed Aphelopus p. 615 Pronotum almost as long as mesonotum, fourth joint of front tarsi much longer than third, first not or scarcely longer than three following united; maxillary palpi 5-jointed Chelogynus p. 615 Pronotum much shorter than mesonotum, fourth joint of front tarsi scarcely longer than third, first not longer than three following united; maxillary palpi 4-jointed Anteon p. 616 614 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Gonatopus Liungh. Females wingless, ant-like, the thorax strongly strangulated; Bgs long, the femora very stout: front concave on the vertex. Males winged, thorax of the usual form. A'.-.-. ..- Sptties. 1. Head entirely black 2 Head in part yellowish (females) 3 2. Females decipiens ? . ties s typhlocybae 3. Head less than twice as broad as long contortulus Head twice as broad as long flavifrens *G. contortulus Patton. Black . ... put, face, and two basal joints of antenna? yellow, rest of antenna; fuscous ; legs brownish, : . oos. Length 3-4 mm. Type 1 0 c I ' ity ; Waterbury. BC flavifrons Ash mead. Female: shining black; occiput, face, and antennae, except die three terminal joints, yellow: legs yellow: an: coxa; with black spots beneath and femora more or less bla basally. Lengtli 44 mm. CG. decipiens Frovancher. Female: black: the antenna; and legs in part testacec - thorax shining, polished. Length 2.4 mm. 'G. typhlocybae Ashmead. ! .-.le: black, opaque, shagreened, covered with a sparse whitish pubescence ; antenna; and legs brown, except the anterior tibia; and all tarsi, which are yellowish. Parasitic on Ormems s. Dryinus Latreille. > 1. Be bifascistus ■ . nigrellus idis CD. bifasciatus Say. He . - . : - igs - ate. I ngth 5.5 rn. No. 22.] HV ■..'.'. 5if °D. nigrellus Bntes. Blade, except base and tip of a ... ^r.»:-. I or ^inal cell ir. black; wing's bifasciate. Length 4.25 mm. ''D. ormenidis Ashmead. legs, except mid and d tibiae, urine!] are black, rufous; marginal cell CO .;:' Length 4-4.5 mm. Pa . m Ormenis frumosa 0 .■:}- tentrionalis. Chelogynus ;:aliday. /fr, ('.;r (CM 3. Clypeus pale oc ru£ou3 benshawi Qjyy e n 1 black , °C. atriceps Braes Thorax reddish; head and abdomen black; ma -'es 4-0 tate; mctathota* coarsely reticulate die tar» I gbter; wings with two fuscous bands. Length 3 " - 5 mm. '-C. grandis Brues. Black; the legs in part yellow ffore and mid aH tarsi;; mandibles 4-4entate; mefafhorax fine. wings with two fuscous bands. Length 7 r 'C. henshawi Ashmead. Black ; antennae, legs, and clypeus pale rufous ; mandibles 4- dentate; metathorax coarsely rugc irmgi '. v , riscous bands. Length 4.5-5 "jn. 'C. canadensis Ash mead. r/.i-:< :r.e rr.ar. -Miles ar.'f pa'.o: : - " '"''- pincers 0 : the anterior tarsi very smalL Length 2.5 mm. Aphelopus Dalman A. a— ericar.us ~ :ii Black; legs honey-yellow. Length 1.5 rcr aterbury, 29 July, 1884- 6l6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Anteon Jurine. Only a single species of this somewhat extensive genus occurs in this region. °A. tibialis Say. Black; antennae brown, more yellow at base; tips of femora, tibiae, and tarsi honey-yellow ; wings hyaline. Length 3 mm. SCOLIID^E. The species belonging to this family are parasitic on white grubs and often aid in the control of these insect^pests. These insects have a deep constriction between the first and second sternites. The key following will not cover forms found outside of America. Key to Subfamilies. 1. Eyes with inner margins emarginate (marked with yellow) 2 Eyes entire; (black) 3 2. Intermediate tibiae with one calcarium; claws simple; hypopy- gidium of male with three spines Scoliin^: p. 616 Intermediate tibiae with two calcaria; claws cleft; hypopy- gidium of male with a curved aculeus Eliin.« p. 617 3. Intermediate tibiae with two calcaria; hypopygidium of male unarmed Anthobosctn^e p. 618 Intermediate tibiae with one calcarium; hypopygidium of male with a curved aculeus Tiphiin^ p. 618 SCOLIIN.E. Key to Genera. Anterior wings with two recurrent veins. .. .Campsomeris p. 617 Anterior wings with one recurrent vein Scolia p. 616 Scolia Fabricius. Only two species belonging to this genus occur within the region, but some more will probably be found there, and the student should consult the table to the species of the genus Scolia by Mr. Banks, published in the Canadian Entomologist, vol. 44, 1912, p. 199. Key to Species. Abdomen black and white bicincta Abdomen black and red dubia No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 617 S. bicincta Fabricius. Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 3. West Rock, New Haven, 30 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). °S. dubia Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 7. Campsomeris LePeletier. In American literature this genus has gone under the name Elis, but according to the generic type the name Elis must apply to the group heretofore known as Myzine. Key to Species. Small, much less than 19 mm. in length; male and female black marked with yellow plumipes Large, over 19 mm. in length; male almost entirely black; female black, with four large reddish yellow abdominal spots quadrimaculata C. plumipes Drury. Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 11. Wallingford, 25 May, 1899, Milford, 22 May, 1902, New Haven, 23 June, 1903 (W. E. B.). °C. quadrimaculata Fabricius. This species has not bean yet recorded from Connecticut but will probably be found there in the Austral portion of the State. ELIINvE. This subfamily is represented by only one genus which has heretofore, in America, gone under the name Mysine. Elis Fabricius. In this genus there is great antigeny. The females are much more robust than the males, have short antennae, while the radial cell is removed from the costal margin of the wing. The males are long, slender, with slender antennae, and the radial cell touches the costal margin of the wing. Key to Species. Legs, in the female, mostly reddish yellow; wings, in the male, strongly yellowish quinquecincta Legs, in the female, black; wings, in the male, nearly clear hyaline interrupta E. quinquecincta Fabricius. PI. viii, Fig. 4. This species has usually gone under the name sexcincta, but sexcincta occurs in the West Indies and probably in the 6l8 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. southernmost portion of the United States and is quite a different insect. It occurs along the coast and up the Connecticut Valley to Hartford, and is not uncommon in July and August, when it will be found on the flowers of many composite, especially the goldenrod, and on the flowers of umbellifers. New Haven, 21 July, 1903, 12 September, 1904 (B. H. W.) ; Sachem's Head, 1 August, 1904, Westbrook, 30 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). E. interrupta Say. This species occurs with the preceding. New Haven, 20 July, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; Branford, 12 August 1904 (H. L. V.) ; North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (B. H. W., H. L. V.). Anthoboscin^e. By Charles Thomas Brues. Sierolomorpha Ashmead. .Wings with a large stigma, closed^ marginal cell, one distinct and one indistinct closed cubital cell, two discoijial cells and trace of a recurrent nervure. The tarsal claws are simple. Antennae 12-jointed in female and 13-jointed in male. S. ambigua Ashmead. Shining black, legs piceous in male and ferruginous in female ; abdomen oval, the first segment constricted off from the rest; metathorax margined at the sides. Length 4.5-6 mm. Salisbury, 29 August, 1904 (W. E. B.). Tiphiin.e. 1*. Species belonging to this subfamily are parasitic on the May or June beetles (Lachnostcrna species). Key to Genera. First transverse cubitus present but incomplete Paratiphia p. 618 First transverse cubitus wanting Tiphia p. 619 Paratiphia De Saussure and Sichel. Habitus of Tiphia, but differs in venation. Only one Eastern species described. No. 22.] HYMEN OPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 619 °P. algonquina Viereck. First tergite with transverse carina; venation black; wings slightly dusky ; clypeus and mandibles of male yellowish. Tiphia Fabricius. Key to Species. 1. Species with a transverse furrow on first dorsal abdominal segment near its middle 2 Species with no transverse furrow on first dorsal abdominal segment near its middle 3 2. Antennae black waldeni Antennae brownish brunneicornis 3. Face and mesonotum doubly punctate inornata Face and mesonotum not doubly punctate 4 4. Third abscissa of radius forming a straight line with second transverse cubitus punctata Third abscissa of radius not forming a straight line with second transverse cubitus 5 5. Antennae brownish beneath egregia Antennae black beneath 6 6. Wings colorless relativa Wings with a brownish tint relativa var. *T. waldeni Viereck. Male : length 8 mm. Type locality: New Haven, 16 August, 1904 (B. H. W.), 14 August, 1906 (W. E. B.). Also, North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). *T. brunneicornis Viereck. Male: length 7 mm. Type locality: New Haven, 6 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). T. inornata Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. viii, Fig. 12. Male: length 7-1 1 mm. Female: length 12-14 mm. Occurs all over the State in August and September, and very likely earlier and later than these dates indicate. New Haven, 12 September, 1903, Salisbury, 27 August, 1904, New Milford, 31 August, 1904, Mount Carmel, 10 June, 1908 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 16 August, 1904 (P. L. B.). T. punctata Robertson. Male: length 11 mm. Only one speciment is known to have been taken in the State, 620 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. and this was taken in New Haven, 4 May, 1904, visiting flowers of Forsythia suspensa (H. L. V.). *T. egregia Viereck. Male : length 7 mm. Type locality: North Haven, 3 August, 1905. New Havei- 20 August, 1905 (H. L. V.), 14 August, 1906 (W. E. B.). *Trrelativa Viereck. Male : length 7 mm. Type locality: North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). Also, East Hartford, 2 August, 1905, Scotland, 7 August, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Rockville, 27 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). SAPYGID^E. The species belonging to this family are parasitic on bees or Sphecoid wasps. One of the North American species has been bred in the cells of Sceliphron cementarium, another is re- corded as a parasite on Ostnia halicticola and another is a parasite on Chelostoma. None of the species belonging to this family have as yet been taken within the State, but the two following are likely to occur there. Sapyga Latreille. Key to Species. Yellow line on inner orbits extending beyond summit of eyes; clypeus with lateral and basal margins yellow; second ven- tral abdominal segment black centrata Yellow line on inner orbits not reaching to summit of eyes; clypeus with a transverse yellow spot at base americana °S. centrata Say. °S. americana Cresson. METHOCID^E. Methoca Latreille. M. stygia Say. The female of this species, which was described by Say under the name bicolor, has a black head, while the remainder of the insect is almost entirely castaneous. The male is black with the wings dusky. NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 621 Hartford, 30 June, 1896 (S. N. D.). The species, which looks like an ant, undoubtedly occurs throughout the entire State. myrmosiml Myrmosa Latreille. M. unicolor Say. The female of this species was described by Blake under the name thoracica. It is ferruginous, with the first abdominal segment blackish above; head and thorax are coarsely punctate, and the base of the first ventral abdominal segment is produced into a tooth while the first dorsal segment is transversely carinate. The male is black, and has the second submarginal cell triangular, smaller than the third; the hind coxae have a blunt tooth above; the second ventral segment unarmed. It has been taken at New Haven, 26 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 19 June, 1908 (B. H. W.) ; Hartford, 6 August, 1893 (S. N. D.) ; and probably occurs throughout the entire State. MUTILLID^E. The North American species of this group, as well as of the Methocidge and Myrmosidse, were tabulated by Fox in a paper entitled " The North American Mutillidae " (Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 25, 1899, pp. 219-292) ; and additional notes and species were given by Melander under the title " Notes on North American Mutillidse with Descriptions of New Species " {Ibid., vol. 29 1903, pp. 291-330). All of the species belonging to this family were considered by Fox and Melander to belong to the single genus Mutilla. Ashmead has divided this com- plex genus into a number of genera, some of which are good while others are open to question. The following tabulation of genera is based on Fox's species groups with the Ash- meadian generic name for the same added. In a number of cases these generic names will have to be changed when a study of the genotypes of all the genera of Mutillidse has been done, but at present this is impossible. There is such a great difference between the males and females in this family that it is almost impossible to associate the sexes without field observations, and until these observations have been made it is best to treat the sexes as different species. 622 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Key to Genera. 1. Mandibles tridentate 2 Mandibles simple or bidentate .- 4 2. First abdominal segment subpetiolate, much smaller than second Bruesia p. 622 First abdominal segment broadly sessile with second 3 3. Female without a pygidium; male with two cubital cells Pseudomethoca p. 622 Female with a well defined pygidium; male with three cubital cells Nomiaephagus p. 623 4. Eyes round, polished, not facetted; radial cell truncate at apex; first abdominal segment posteriorly narrower than second Dasymutilla p. 623 Eyes oval, facetted 5 5. Apex of first abdominal segment nodose, not as wide as base of second; eyes of male emarginate within Ephuta p. 625 Apex of first abdominal segment as wide as base of second 6 within Timulla p. 625 6. Female with a distinct pygidium; eyes of male emarginate Female without a pygidium; eyes of male entire within.... Sphaerophthalma p. 625 Bruesia Ashmead. This specific group was also named Pycnomutilla by Ashmead. The following key is based on the males. Key to Species. Carina of first ventral abdominal segment nearly straight harmonia Carina of first ventral abdominal segment with a strong tooth anteriorly harmoniif ormis °B. harmonia Fox. The female is ferruginous, with black legs. The second dorsal abdominal segment has pale spots and the pubescence is sparse. *B. harmoniif ormis Rohwer. The female is unknown. Type locality: Lyme, 31 July, 191 1 (A. B. C). Pseudomethoca Ashmead. P. canadensis Blake. Posterior lateral margin of the head dentate or carinate. Female ferruginous, apex of the abdomen blackish. Male black. No. 22.] HYMEN OPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 623 Windsor, 27 June, 1905, Westville, 17 September, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Colebrook, 21 July, 1905, New Haven, 1 August, 1905 (H. L. V.); Lyme, 29 May, 1910 (A. B. C). Probably occurs throughout the State. Nomiaephagus Ash mead. N. simillimus Smith. Female : pygidium longitudinally striate ; head wider than the thorax; thorax longer than broad; ferruginous; the second segment with two yellowish spots. Male : head and thorax black with black pubescence; second abdominal segment yellowish with reddish pubescence; femora sparsely pubescent. The male was described under the name sanbornii by Blake. New Haven, 4 June, 1904, 20 May, 1905, 22 August, 1910, Wallingford, 20 May, 1900 (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 19 September, 1909, Lyme, 1 May, 1910, Manchester, 20 May, 1910 (A. B. C.) ; New Haven, 16 August, 1904 (P. L. B.), 17 June, 1905 (B. H. W.). Dasymutilla Ash mead. Key to Species. 1. Females 2 Males 8 2. Insects clothed with long dense pubescence occiden talis Insects sparsely pubescent, or almost nude 3 3. Posterior lateral margins of head not carinate or tuberculate 4 Posterior lateral margins of head carinate or tuberculate.. 7 4. Carina of first ventral abdominal segment produced anteriorly into a sharp tooth ferrugata Carina of first ventral abdominal segment obsolete, straight or slightly tridentate ; legs black 5 5. No well defined spot of black pubescence at base of second dorsal abdominal segment; carina of first ventral segment tridentate champlaini A well defined spot of black pubescence at base of second dorsal abdominal segment • 6 6. Carina of first ventral segment obsolete; second dorsal ab- dominal segment very sparsely punctate at sides vierecki Carina of first ventral segment bidentate, anterior tooth much larger and rounded; sides of second dorsal abdominal segment rather coarsely punctate vesta 7. Scrobes bounded by a carina above scrobinata Scrobes not bounded by a carina above cypris 624 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 8. Carina of first ventral abdominal segment produced poste- riorly into a long sharp tooth occidentalis Carina of first ventral abdominal segment not produced posteriorly into a long sharp tooth 9 9. First abdominal segment, seen from side, not nodose, short lepeletieri First abdominal segment longer, seen from side, distinctly nodose . 10 10. Entirely black; pubescence grayish; wings subfuscous. . . . gibbosa Abdomen partly reddish u 11. Second dorsal segment with rather long yellow hair except basally macra Second dorsal segment with black hair 12 12. Punctuation of .first dorsal segment coarse, irregular; pubes- cence of second segment entirely black canella Punctuation of first dorsal segment regular; pubescence of apex of second segment yellowish castor °D. canella Blake. D. castor Blake. North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 7 August, 1906 (B. H. W.). *D. champlaini Rohwer. Type locality; Lyme, 20 May, 1910, 26, 30 September, 1909 (A. B. C). D. cypris Blake. Howard, Insect Book, PI. viii, Fig. 7. New Haven, 19 August, 1904 (B. H. W.). D. ferrugata Fabricius. New Haven, 23 September, 1899, Montowese, 8 July, 1901 (W. E. B.) ; North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Black Point, 12 July, 1895 (S. N. D.). D. gibbosa Say. Hartford, 6 August, 1893; Black Point, 28 July, 1896 (S. N. D.). °D. lepeletieri Fox. D. macra Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. viii, Fig. 10. New Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 17 July, 1908 (B. H. W.) ; Black Point, 28 July, 1896 (S. N. D.). D. occidentalis Linnaeus. Large Velvet Ant. New Haven, 24 July, 1898, 1 September, 1906 (W E. B.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 625 *D. scrobinata Rohwer. Type locality; Lyme, 31 July, 1910 (A. B. C). D. vesta Cresson. Windsor, 26 July, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Granby, 30 October, 1905, New Haven, 21 August, 1906 (B. H. W.). °D. vierecki Rohwer. Ephuta Say. E. scrupea Say. Male entirely black. Female unknown. Stafford, 24 August, 1905, on goldenrod ( W. E. B.) ; Hart- ford, 17 October, 1910 (A. B. C). Timulla Ashmead. Key to Species. Legs and abdomen of female black; head and thorax of male black hexagona Legs and abdomen of female reddish; head and thorax of male in part reddish ornativentrus T. hexagona Say. Hartford, 30 July, 6 August, 1893, Black Point, 28 July, 1896 (S. N. D.). T. ornativentris Cresson. New Haven, 26 July, 1904, Hartford, 29 August, 1904 (H. L. V.), 10 September, 1908 (B. H. W.) Sphaerophthalma Blake. This genus has not yet been recorded from the State. It is group pennsylvanica of Fox. psammocharim:. This family has for years been known as Pompilidse. The wasps which belong to this group are very active, and most of them nest in the ground, provisioning their nests with spiders. Some few of these insects are supposed to be parasitic. Recently Nathan Banks* has proposed a classification for these insects and given tables for many of the species. The following keys are adapted from his classification. • Journ. N. Y. Ent. Soc. vol. 19. 1911. pp. 219-237. 40 626 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Key to Subfamilies. 1. Claws of hind tarsi bent at right angle; antennae inserted well above clypeus; spiracle situated in a depression and open- ing forward labrum exserted for its entire length; pro- podeum bilobed at base Ceropalin^e p. 626 Claws of hind tarsi not bent at right angle; propodeal spiracle not in a depression and not opening forward 2 2. Labrum exserted for its entire length; propodeal spiracle situated nearly twice its length from anterior margin of propodeum Notocyfhin;e p. 627 Labrum never entirely exserted; propodeal spiracle not much more than its length from anterior margin of propodeum 3 3. First abscissa of subdiscoidal vein joining second abscissa of discoidal vein at right angles; second sternite with a trans- verse furrow (obsolete in some males) Pepsins p. 627 First abscissa of subdiscoidal vein projecting posteriorly at base so as to form a pocket where it joins second abscissa of discoidal vein Psammocharin^e p. 629 Ceropalin^e. By Henry Lorenz Viereck. This distinct subfamily contains only the genus Ceropales. Ceropales Latreille. At least one species in this genus is said to be a parasite in the nest of Agenia. Key to Species. 1. Females 2 Males 4 2. Body mostly black; posterior femora reddish .bipunctata Head and thorax black; abdomen reddish robinsoni Body black, with white or yellow markings 3 3. Antennae as long or longer than head and thorax together . . fratema Antennae shorter than head and thorax together longipes 4. Abdomen entirely black bipunctata Abdomen not entirely black 5 5. Abdomen not reddish 6 Abdomen reddish robinsoni 6. Legs almost entirely black fraterna Legs reddish longipes C. bipunctata Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 10. Length 14-15 mm. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 627 Occurs throughout the State. New Haven, 18 August, 1904, 22 August, 1906 (P. L. B.) ; Branford, 3 September, 1904 (H. L. V.). C. fraterna Smith. Length 5-10 mm. This species has been observed by the Peckhams attempting to interfere with Anoplius scelestus which was dragging a spider to its own nest. Occurs throughout the State. Thompson, 11 July, 1906 (H. L. V.). C. robinsoni Cresson. Length 6-8 mm. Occurs throughout the State. C. longipes Smith. Length 7-8 mm. N0TOCYPHIN.E. This subfamily is not as yet represented in the fauna of Connecticut. Pepsins. Key to Tribes. Hind tibiae without spines or only with very weak ones, never serrate pseudageniini p. 627 Hind tibiae more or less serrately spined, if nearly smooth as in some males then nervellus is not before cubitus pepsini p. 6a8 PSEUDAGENIINI. Males often have the transverse furrow on the second sternite obsolete; the last joint of the hind tarsi is without strong spines beneath ; the nervellus situated before the cubitus. Key to Genera. Dorsal aspect of propodeum with erect hair . .Pseudagenia p. 627 Dorsal aspect of propodeum without erect hair . .Ageniella p. 628 Pseudagenia Kohl. Key to Species. 1. Legs red mellipea Legs black .^ 2 2. Wings with a large dusky spot below and including stigma; body black caliptera Wings hyaline, or slightly dusky at tips; body metallic blue. . architects 628 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °P. mellipes Say. °P. caliptera (Cresson). Found in the neighboring states. P. architecta (Say). According to Walsh this species makes a nest of clay, forming an irregularly cylindrical cell which is provisioned with spiders. Recorded from Connecticut and probably collected at Farmington. Ageniella Banks. Key to Species. Pronotum with white marks calcarata Pronotum without white marks iridipennis A. calcarata (Cresson). Legs pale; calcaria white; length 6-7 mm. The type material, in part at least, in all probability came from Farmington through Mr. Edward Norton. A. iridipennis (Cresson). Wings hyaline, iridescent, dusky at tip ; calcaria whitish ; body all black ; legs black, except anterior tibiae and tarsi beneath. New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). PEPSINI. Wings well developed. Key to Genera. Last joint of the hind tarsi without spines beneath; nervellus before the cubitus Priocnemis p. 628 Last joint of the hind tarsi distinctly spined beneath; nervellus beyond the cubitus Cryptocheilus p. 629 Priocnemis Schiodte. Key to Species. 1. Antennae partly yellowish nupera Antennae black 2 2. Abdomen in part red 3 Abdomen black 4 3. Hind legs red; wings with a well defined cloud alienata Hind legs black; wings without a cloud notha 4. Tibiae strongly serrate to tip; coxae very hairy; stigmal cloud indistinct or wanting conica Tibiae not strongly serrate near tip; coxae scarcely hairy; wings with a distinct stigmal cloud germana No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 629 °P. nupera Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vi, Fig. 3. Body ferruginous; wings dark; length 14-18 mm. Likely to occur in the Alleghenian Zone of the State. P. alienata (Smith). Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 3. Apparently common. Poquonock, 27 June, 1906 (H. L. V.). P. notha Cresson. Coxae without much hair ; abdomen shining ; third cubital cell longer than broad. Has been recorded from the State and probably came from Farmington. P. conica (Say). Clypeus truncate. Moves backward when carrying its prey, a lycosid spider. Occurs throughout the State. New Haven, 7 May, 1906 (H. L. V.). P. germana Cresson. Clypeus truncate. Recorded from the State and probably was collected at Farm- ington by Norton. Cryptocheilus Panzer. Key to Species. Dorsal aspect of propodeum hairy, and transversely striate; wings pale before tip unifasciatus Dorsal aspect of propodeum scarcely hairy and hardly striate; wings all black fulvicornis C. unifasciatus (Say). Howard, Insect Book, PI. xi, Fig. 11. Judging from the distribution of this species it should be found throughout the Carolinian Zone of the State. C. fulvicornis (Cresson). Distribution similar to the above species. PsAMMOCHARINjE The following generic key is almost a copy of Banks' latest views on the subject. Some few of the genera included in the key are not at present known to occur in the State. Key to Genera. 1. Pronotum longer than mesonotum, nearly flat above, scarcely arched longitudinally; last joint of hind tarsi without 63O CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. spines beneath; fore tarsi of female without comb; no erect hair on metanotum 2 Pronotum shorter than mesonotum, plainly arched longitudi- nally 3 2. With two submarginal cells Planiceps With three submarginal cells Pedinaspis 3. Basal abdominal segment with appressed pubescence, differ- ent from that on following segments; pronotum with pos- terior margin membranous- and often white; third cell as broad as long Episyron p. 631 Basal segment of abdomen not with pubescence different from following segments 4 4. No erect hair on metanotum above, only pubescence 5 Erect hair on metanotum above 9 5. Metanotum produced angularly at posterior corners; but two submarginal cells Aporinellus p. 631 Metanotum not produced angularly behind; usually three submarginal cells 6 6. Metanotum transversely striate; marginal cell as long as distance to tip; third cell long, and wide above Ridestus Metanotum not transversely striate 7 7. Marginal cell short, subtriangular, much more than its length from tip of wing; third submarginal cell much narrowed, triangular, or petiolate above; basal vein usually a little before the transverse median Pompiloides p. 631 Marginal cell long, hardly its length from tip of wing; third submarginal cell wide above; basal vein of fore wings inter- stitial with the transverse median 8 8. Hind tarsi spined, apical joint spined beneath; propodeal spiracle opening posteriorly; abdomen cylindrical, first seg- ment subequal in length with second, not much narrowed anteriorly; large, ferruginous Arachnophroctonus p. 632 Hind tarsi not, or but feebly, spined, apical joint without spines; propodeal spiracle opening sublaterally; abdomen depressed, first segment longer than second and narrower anteriorly; slender black with yellow marks Sericopompilus p. 632 9. A short longitudinal impressed line or groove on posterior part of pronotum; head nearly or fully as broad as long; not wholly black I0 No such impressed line or groove on pronotum; often wholly black Psammochares p. 632 10. Metanotum distinctly grooved at base; upper margin of clypeus nearly evenly convex Arachnophroctonus p. .632 Metanotum not grooved at base; upper margin of clypeus sinuate or zigzag Batazonus No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 63I Episyron Schiodte. This interesting genus can easily be recognized by the charac- ters given in the key. Key to Species. Apical abdominal segment with a white spot; wings pale except apex 5-notatus Apical abdominal segment black; wings uniformly blackish.. biguttatus E. biguttatus Fabricius. Provisions its nest with Epeira labyrinthea, according to the Peckhams. Occurs throughout the State. ^ E. 5-notatus Say. According to the Peckhams, this species provisions its nest with Epeira strix. Occurs throughout the State. Aporinellus Banks. This genus has usually gone under the name Aporus until recently, when Mr. Banks has shown that the true Aporus is a very different insect. A. fascia tus Smith. Black, densely clothed with silver pile. Occurs throughout the State. Pompiloides Radoszkowski. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen marked with red 2 Abdomen entirely black 4 2. Posterior margin of pronotum arcuately emarginate . .marginatus Posterior margin of pronotum sharply, angularly emarginate 3 3. Wings uniformly black; larger tropicus Wings darker at apex americanus 4. Black; posterior margin of pronotum subangularly emarginate cylindricus Bluish; posterior margin of pronotum arcuately emarginate 5 5. Wings fusco-hyaline; three basal abdominal segments with- out dense pile subviolaceus Wings hyaline; three basal abdominal segments with dense silvery pile argenteus °P. americanus Beauvais. 632 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. P. argenteus Cresson. Occurs along the coast and up the large river valleys. P. cylindricus Cresson. Probably occurs throughout the State. Branford, 5 July, 1904, Poquonock, 27 June, North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; East Hartford, 2 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). ' P. marginatus Say. Occurs throughout the State. Torrington, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Putnam, 12 July, North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). P. subviolaceus Cresson. Stratford, 16 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). P. tropicus Linnseus. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vii, Fig. 11. New Haven, 20 July, 1904 (B. H. W.). Sericopompilus Ashmead. S. humilis Cresson. 1 Posterior margin of the pronotum subarcuately emarginate; black ; posterior tibiae with a white spot near the base ; wings hya- line, apex bifasciate. New Haven, 9 June, 1905 (B. H. W.). Arachnophroctonus Ashmead. A interruptus Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 1. Large; ferruginous, marked with black; wings yellowisk. Preys on the spider Epeira strix. Can be found throughout the State. Sachem's Head, 1 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). Psammochares Latreille. Mr. Banks separates this genus into the following subgenera on characters found only in the female sex. Key to Subgenera. 1. Clypeus deeply emarginate in middle . . . . Lophopompilus p. 634 Clypeus not more than gently concave 2 2. No distinct tarsal comb Anoplius p. 633 A distinct tarsal comb 3 3. Third joint of antennae very short, hardly longer than first Sophropompilus Third joint of antennae much longer than first Psammochares p. 633 i No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 633 As this key is founded only on the females the following tabulation based on easily recognized characters is given. Key to Species. 1. Abdomen marked with reddish yellow atrox Abdomen entirely black 2 2. Posterior margin of pronotum arcuately emarginate 3 Posterior margin of pronotum angulately emarginate 5 3. Third cubital cell triangular; wings darker apically; length about 12 mm tenebrosus Third cubital cell not triangular, although narrowed above; wings nearly uniformly black; length more than 16 mm. . . 4 4. Clypeus of female deeply emarginate; last dorsal abdominal segment of male regularly, rather narrowly rounded, .aethiops Clypeus of female gently incurved; last dorsal abdominal seg- ment of male broadly rounded and sightly emarginate relativus 5. Wings much darker apically; tarsal comb of female obsolete virginiensis "Wings nearly uniformly blackish; tarsal comb of female present 6 6. Large, 12 mm. or more in length; clypeus of female deeply emarginate philadelphicus Small, 10 mm. or less in length ; clypeus of female gently incurved 7 7. Tarsal claws of male cleft; apical ventral abdominal segments of male with much erect hair; abdomen bluish; prothorax of female almost nude luctuosus Tarsal claws of male toothed; apical ventral abdominal segments of male without erect hair; abdomen black; prothorax of female with much black erect hair . . . . scelestus P. (Anoplius) virginiensis Cresson. Recorded from the State, but without definite locality. P. (Psammochares) luctuosus Cresson. Said to occur all over the State. New Haven, 30 June, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; New Canaan, 14 September, 1905 (W. E. B.). P. (P.) relativus Fox. Branford, 19 September, 1904 (H. W. W.). P. (P.) scelestus Cresson. Recorded from Connecticut and probably was collected at Farmington by Norton ; New Haven, 18, 24 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). 634 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. P. (P.) tenebrosus Cresson. Recorded from the State and probably inhabits only the Boreal part. P. (Lophopompilus) asthiops Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 19. Occurs along Long Island Sound. New Haven, 3 October, 1902 (B. H. W.) ; Branford, 3 September, 1904 (H. L. V.). P. (L.) philadelphicus Le Peletier. New Haven (A. E. V.). Norton also took this species in the State, probably near Farmington. P. (L.) atrox Dahlbom. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vii, Fig. 14. Recorded from the State; and has also been taken at New Haven, 18 September, 1903, Westville, 19 July (W. E. B.) ; Branford, August, 1905 (H. W. W.). EUMENID^E. By Henry Lorenz Viereck. Solitary wasps, with males and females that may dig in the ground, burrow in pith or wood, or make mud nests, e. g.t the mud-pot of the potter wasp. These nests are stored with various insects. Key to Genera. 1. Abdomen petiolate 2 Abdomen sessile 3 2. Maxillary palpi with three joints Zethus p. 634 Maxillary palpi with four joints Eumenes p. 634 3. First segment of abdomen funnel-shaped Nortonia p. 635 First segment of abdomen not funnel-shaped 4 4. Maxillary palpi with three joints Monobia p. 635 Maxillary palpi with six joints Odynerus p. 635 Zethus Fabricius. Head wider than high, the second segment of the abdomen in the form of a globular bell. Only one species occurs in the State. Z. spinipes Say. Wings violet; more than 13 mm. in length. Eumenes Fabricius. This genus comprises the potter wasps, which make symmet- rical pots of clay in which to lay their eggs and rear their young. But a single species is found in the East. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 635 E. fraterna Say. Potter Wasp. PI. viii, Fig. 5 (adult) ; PI. iv, Fig. 2 (nest). Wings smoky, with violet iridescence. Length 13-17 mm. Occurs throughout the State, and is known to store its nests with canker-worms and caterpillars of butterflies. New Haven North Haven, Hamden, Branford, Orange, Stafford (W. E. B., B. H. W., H. L. V., E. J. S. M.). Monobia De Saussure. Another genus represented in the State by but one species. M. quadridens Linnaeus. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 2. Length 20 mm. Black, with whitish markings which make it very like Odynerus bidens, from which it is superficially distin- guished by the clypeus being armed with two teeth. Undoubtedly occurs throughout the State. New Haven, 13 May, 1904, 25 July, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Branford, 25 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Stonington, 26 July, 1906 (J. A. Hyslop). Nortonia De Saussure. Also represented by but one species in the East. N. symmorpha De Saussure. Length 17 mm. Black, shining, with yellow markings; an- tennae reddish beneath ; wings transparent, brown, with beautiful violet reflections. Odynerus Latreille. A large genus with many species representing it in this State. Key to Species. 1. First abdominal segment with a transverse keel 2 First abdominal segment without a transverse keel VJ 2. First abdominal segment with a longitudinal groove down the middle and with a whitish or yellowish apical border (Symmorphus) 3 First abdominal segment without a longitudinal groove down the middle (Ancistrocerus) • ■ • 7 3. Second abdominal segment with a whitish or yellowish apical border ■ 4 Second abdominal segment without a whitish or yellowish apical border, the third and fourth abdominal segments with a yellowish apical border; length 11 mm Philadelphia; 636 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 4. Third abdominal segment with a whitish or yellowish apical border , 5 Third abdominal segment without a whitish or yellowish apical border 6 5. Third and fourth abdominal segments with a yellowish apical border walshianus Third and fourth abdominal segments with a whitish apical border albomarginatus 6. Fourth and following abdominal segments without a whitish or yellowish apical border, the first and second abdominal segments only bordered, and these with the border apical and yellowish; base of tibiae yellowish debilis Fourth abdominal segment, as well as the first and second, with a yellowish apical border, the remaining segments not bordered; tibiae more or less reddish cristatus 7. Wings fuscO-violaceous 8 Wings subhyaline or smoky; abdomen as well as antennae mostly black 9 8. Postscutel black; apical margin of second dorsal abdominal segment smooth spinolae Postscutel yellowish; apical margin of second dorsal abdom- inal segment rough unifasciatus 9. Abdomen with four or five yellowish fasciae 10 Abdomen with three yellowish fasciae; postscutel yellow... campestris 10. Thorax quadrate 1 1 Thorax oblong 13 11. Ornaments yellowish 12 Ornaments whitish waldeni 12. Second dorsal abdominal segment with two yellowish spots birenimaculatus Second dorsal abdominal segment without yellowish spots birenimaculatus var. 13. Propodeum with a sharp border 14 Propodeum rounded behind campestris 14. Postscutel black or with inconspicuous marks 15 Postscutel more or less yellowish 16 15. Ornaments yellowish capra Ornaments whitish albophaleratus 16. Body robust, black and shining catskilli Body slender, elongate tigris 17. Thorax quadrate 18 Thorax oblong 23 18. Wings subhyaline or clouded or reddish 19 Wings blackish or fuscous; ornaments whitish or luteous; propodeum maculated; second dorsal segment without a luteous margin bidens NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 637 19. Body with extensive reddish ornaments 20 Body with whitish, yellowish, or luteous ornaments 21 20. Postscutel yellowish dorsalis Postscutel black boscii 21. Postscutel yellowish or whitish; propodeum separated from the postscutel by a fissure or notch; second dorsal abdom- inal segment without yellow spots ; scutel black 22 Postscutel black boscii 22. Ornaments whitish leucomelas Ornaments yellowish foraminatus 23. Postscutel black 24 Postscutel yellowish 25 24. Thorax with yellowish ornaments; first abdominal segment (and sometimes second) with a yellowish margin, .nortonianus Thorax black nortonianus var. 25. Second abdominal segment with two free yellowish spots.. 26 Second abdominal segment without free yellowish spots.... 32 26. First abdominal segment with two yellowish spots or oblique yellowish lines 27 First abdominal segment without yellowish spots 29 27. Second abdominal segment with its apical margin slightly reflexed 28 Second abdominal segment with its apical margin not sensibly reflexed anormis 28. First dorsal abdominal segment with free yellowish spots collega First dorsal abdominal segment with oblique yellowish lines vagus 29. Postscutel with a yellowish band 30 Postscutel with two yellowish spots nortonianus 30. Second abdominal segment with its apical margin not re- flexed 3i Second abdominal segment with its apical margin slightly reflexed collega 31. First four abdominal segments with yellowish margins, .anormis Only first, second, and fourth abdominal segments with yel- lowish margins pedestris 32. First and second abdominal segments without free yellow spots 33 First abdominal segment with two yellowish spots collega 33. Abdomen with yellowish margins on more than the first two segments 34 Abdomen with yellowish margins on only the first two seg- ments, the apical margin of the second segment reflexed collega var. 34. Only first, second, and fourth abdominal segments with yel- lowish margins pennsylvanicus 638 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. First four abdominal segments with yellowish margins, the second segment rather reflexed collega var. °0. (Symmorphus) walshianus De Saussure. Length 12 mm. O. (S.) albomarginatus De Saussure. Length 9 mm. Apparently occurs throughout the northern section of the State at least. °0. (S.) philadelphiae De Saussure. Length 11 mm. Sure to occur in Connecticut. O. (S.) debilis De Saussure. Length 8.5 mm. Found everywhere in the State. O. (S.) cristatus De Saussure. Length 9 mm. Found everywhere in the State. Scotland, 30 July, 1904 (B. H. W.). O. (Ancistrocerus) spinolae De Saussure. Length 6 mm. This State is possibly the type locality of this species. O. (A.) unifasciatus De Saussure. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vi, Fig. 17. Length 11-15 mm. Occurs probably throughout the southern portion of the State. O. (A.) campestris De Saussure. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 5. Length 13 mm. Branford, 29 May, 1905 (H. W. W.). Will be found, no doubt, throughout the State. *0. (A.) waldeni Viereck. Length of female 13 mm. Type locality : New Haven. Only one specimen is known, and this was caught 15 May, 1903. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 639 O. (A.) birenimaculatus De Saussure. PI. iv, Fig. i (nest). Length 14 mm. Found throughout New England. Plantsville (A. Shepard) ; New Haven, 5 June, 1906, Stonington, 1907 (W. E. B.). O. (A.) capra De Saussure. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Figs. 4, 7. Length 14-17 mm. Common everywhere in the State. New Haven, Mt. Carmel, Branford, Westbrook, (H. L. V., E. J. S. M., W. E. B., B. H. W., P. L. B.). O. (A.) albophaleratus De Saussure. Length 10-13 mm- Very likely occurs throughout the State. O. (A.) tigris De Saussure. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vi, Fig- 15- Length 8-1 1 mm. Common all over the State. New Haven, (H. L. V., P. L. B.) ; Sachem's Head, Westbrook, Colebrook (H. L. V.) ; Bran- ford (H. W. W.) ; Stafford, Brookfield (W. E. B.). O. (A) catskilli De Saussure. Length 9.5-1 1.5 mm. Has been taken on goldenrod flowers at Scotland (B. H. W.), and will be found throughout the State. °0. bidens De Saussure. Length 20 mm. O. boscii LePeletier. Length 14 mm. Was found in this State by Norton. O. dorsalis Fabricius. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vi, Fig. 14. Length 17 mm. New Haven, 24 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). O. leucomelas De Saussure. Length 9-14 mm. Was first taken in the State by Norton. New Haven, 24 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). 64O CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. O. foraminatus De Saussure. Length 11 -13 mm. Found throughout the State. New Haven (W. E. B., E. J. S. M., P. L. B.) ; North Haven, Westbrook (H. L. V.) ; Windsor (W. E. B.) ; Stonington (J. A. Hyslop). *0. nortonianus De Saussure. Length 9 mm. Occurs throughout the State. Yalesville, 19 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). *0. collega De Saussure. Length 12 mm. Very likely to be found throughout the State. Woodbridge, 25 August, 1906 (W. E. B.). O. anormis Say. Length 1 1 mm. Occurs throughout the State. Branford, 22 August, 1904 (H. W. W.). O. pedestris De Saussure. Length 9-10 mm. All over the State. Has been taken at Double Beach, 5 July, 1904, on the flowers of New Jersey tea. New Haven, 27 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). O. pennsylvanicus De Saussure. Length 8-9 mm. Occurs all over the State, and has been taken on flowers of goldenrod and Pastinaca sativa. New Haven, (W. E. B., B. H. W., P. L. B., H. L. V., E. J. S. M.) ; Branford (H. L. V., P. L. B.) ; Scotland (B. H. W.) ; Sachem's Head (H. L. V.). °0. vagus De Saussure. VESPID.E. This family is divisible into two subfamilies, the Vespinse or monogamic social wasps, and Polybiinae or polygamic social wasps. The Polybiin?e are not represented in the northeastern United States but the subfamily Vespinae is well represented both in individuals and species. It is composed of social No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 64I wasps, the familiar types of which are the hornet and yellow- jacket. These wasps build nests of paper which is made by chewing wood into small bits. In the Vespini the nest is entirely enclosed leaving only a small circular hole for the entrance of the wasps. In the Polistini, as represented in our region, the nest is broad and flat without an enclosing envelope. The larvae of these insects are fed mostly upon the chewed- up remains of Lepidopterous larvae, although other larvae, pollen, and honey are used. The larvae are fed from day to day, no food being stored for them. This subfamily is parasitized by Diptera, Hymenoptera and Strepsiptera. Vespini. According to the writer's views this subfamily may be divided into two tribes by the following characters : Key to Tribes. Hind wings long, without an anal lobe; first abdominal seg- ment very broad, sharply truncate anteriorly; mesepister- num without an anterior dorsal plate vespini p. 641 Hind wings with distinct anal lobe; first abdominal segment subpetiolate, petiolate or conical, never abruptly truncate at base; mesepisternum with a separate dorsal plate along anterior margin polistini p. 643 VESPINI. Key to Genera. Vertex extending much above eyes; ocelli much below supraorbital line; posterior orbits broad Vespa p. 641 Vertex not extending above eyes; ocelli slightly caudad of or tangent with supraorbital line; posterior orbits narrow.. Vespula p. 642 Vespa Linnaeus. This genus is represented by a single species, supposedly introduced, which is brown and yellow and very large, having a length of 18-22 mm., and builds its nest in hollow trees. V. crabro Linnaeus. Giant Hornet. PI. viii, Fig. 10. New Haven, 13 June, 1900, 1 October, 1903 (W. E. B.), 30 June, 1901 (A. L. Winton), 2 November, 1905 (G. R. Bradley), 8 October, 1908 (B. H. W.) ; Hamden, 28 September, 1901 (R. C. Horsfall) ; Darien, 13 September, 1906 (E. H. Delafield) ; Plantsville (A. Shepard). 41 642 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Vespula Thomson. This compact, well denned genus may be separated into two subgenera on the length of the malar space as follows : Key to Subgenera. Malar space very narrow, eyes touching base of mandibles or separated from them only by a line Vespula p. 642 Malar space very broad, eyes remote from base of mandibles Dolichovespula p. 642 Dolichovespula, new subgenus. Type: Vespa maculata Linnaeus. Key to Species. 1. Basal three abdominal segments immaculate; markings white; flagellum ferruginous beneath maculata Basal three abdominal segments maculate 2 2. Black and white arctica Black and yellow diabolica V. (D.) maculata (Linnaeus). Vespa maculata Linnaeus. White-faced Hornet. PI. viii, Fig. 16 (adult) ; PI. ii, Fig. 1 (nest). The nest is attached to the limb of a tree. A very common species, occurring throughout the State. Windsor, New Haven, Wallingford (W. E. B., B. H. W.). V. (D.) diabolica De Saussure. Common Yellow-jacket. PI. viii, Fig. 13 (adult) ; PI. iii (nest). According to Ashmead this species nests in stumps. Another common species which occurs throughout the State. New Haven, Mount Carmel, Branford, Prospect, Sachem's Head, Colebrook (W. E. B., B. H. W., H. L. V., H. W. W.). °V. (D.) arctica, new name. V. borealis Lewis (Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, vol. 24, 1897, p. 173), not V. borealis Kirby (Fauna Boreali-americana, 1837, P- 2^4)- This species has been taken in New Hampshire, and at Amherst, Massachusetts, and will undoubtedly be found in north- ern Connecticut. Subgenus Vespula Thomson (s. str.). Type: Vespa austriaca Panzer (Ashmead, 1902). To this subgenus belong the numerous smaller vespine wasps No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 643 so common throughout the United States. Many of the species are closely related, and care must be taken in determining them. The species of this subgenus, as far as known, build their nests within the ground. Key to Species. 1. Black and white consobrina Black and yellow 2 2. Black spot of first dorsal abdominal segment in the form of a lozenge; scape black germanica Black spot of first dorsal abdominal segment in form of a triangle, or transverse 3 3. Base of first dorsal abdominal segment black, with a black point in middle of the yellow posterior margin vulgaris First dorsal abdominal segment yellow, with a transverse black spot; scape sometimes entirely black communis V. (V.) consobrina De Saussure. Occurs throughout the State. Branford, 24 August, 1904 (P. L. B.) ; North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). V. (V.) germanica Fabricius. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vi, Fig. 24. Occurs throughout the State. Many specimens from New Haven (B. H. W., H. L. V., P. L. B., W. E. B., E. J. S. M.) ; Branford (H. W. W.) ; Mount Carmel (E. J. S. M.). °V. (V.) communis De Saussure. Sure to be found within the State. V. (V.) vulgaris Linnaeus. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 13- Occurs throughout the State. New Haven, June, 1905 (B. H. W., A. H. Pierson, J. A. Howarth, Jr.) ; Branford, August, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Prospect, 15 August, 1906 (W. E. B.). POLISTINI. Polistes Latreille.* The species of this genus make nests with exposed cells. They are known to be predaceous, and at least one species takes its victim without first stinging it. They may use old nests, and are said to study a locality to get their bearings. ♦Copied from Mr. Viereck's manuscript. 644 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Key to Species. 1. Blackish-brown, with a conspicuous yellow margin to first dorsal abdominal segment annularis Colored otherwise 2 2. Abdomen with many yellow bands or with yellow spots. . variatus Abdomen not so; more uniformly brown pallipes P. annularis Linnaeus. Howard, Insect Book, PL v, Fig. 12. Length 18 mm. Belongs more to the southern United States, and is therefore not apt to be found outside of the Carolinian Zone in Connecticut. P. variatus Cresson. Length 18 mm. May be found throughout the State. (New Haven, 12 Sep- tember, 1904 (B. H. W.). P. pallipes LePeletier. P. metricus Say. Common Wasp. PI. viii, Fig. 8 (adult) ; PI. ii, Fig. 2 (nest). Common throughout the State. New Haven (E. J. S. M., B. H. W., W. E. B.) ; Branford (H. W. W.) ; New Canaan (W. E. B.) ; Mount Carmel E. J. S. M.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 645 SPHECOIDEA. By Sievert Allen Rohwer. The wasps grouped together in the superfamily Sphecoidea resemble bees in that the pronotum is developed on the dorsal lateral margin into rounded lobes called tubercules. These tuber- cules, in some groups, extend beyond the anterior margin of the tegulae, but in no case does the posterior margin of the pronotum touch the tegulae as is the case with the superfamilies Vespoidea, Ichneumonoidea, etcetera, nor is the pronotum large and devel- oped laterally. The European authority, F. F. Kohl, has considered these wasps as belonging to one family; but the American authority, W. H. Ashmead, erected a superfamily for the wasps here treated, and recognized a number of families which, in turn, he divided into subfamilies and tribes. The primary character used by Ashmead in separating families of the superfamily was the num- ber of calcaria on the intermediate tibiae. This arrangement separated such closely related groups as Bembex and Stizus, and also brought together certain other insects which are not, accord- ing to the present author's views, closely related. Kohl's treatment of the family did not divide it into subfam- ilies or tribes ; but at the end of his classification he arranged genera, subgenera and species in assemblages which he called generic groups. Many of these groups have been raised to either subfamily or tribal importance in the following classifica- tion, and most of- the groups Kohl treated as subgenera have been considered as genera, while many of his species groups have been treated as subgenera. The other important work on Sphecoidea is that of W. J. Fox. Fox's work, although it does not tabulate all the North American genera and subgenera in the outline of classification, which is according to the older methods, is extremely valuable and reliable, but does not succeed, according to the views of the present author, in establishing a natural classification for these insects. The 646 , CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. *!-. "^g**. "*>**«&?< ^%g ^ 8\ V * \.!v \ s .' M i I "V -"*kso ^ ^= ^ SI "fn. ***** WW M \ 15/ W AM */ // t e7> [Bull. r I?* \ ^ No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 647 NOMECLATURE OF WING PARTS IN THE DRAWING OF CHLORION (AMMOBIA) 1CHNEUMONEUM. OLD SYSTEM Veins Costal Subcostal Median Submedian or Anal Radius or marginal . Basal First transverse cubital Second Third Transverse medial Discoidal Cubital First recurrent Second Subdiscoidal COMSTOCK-NEEDHAM SYSTEM Front Wings Veins Costa or C Sc + R + M Cubitus or Cu A* 1st abscissa, radial cross-vein or r, 4th abscissa R»; recurved tip Sca+Ri+i Medio-cubital cross-vein and Media R8 and r-m R. R4 M* + Cu, 1st abscissa M«, 2d abscissa Mi M+Rmj at margin M1+R4+1 Mi+ « Transverse part of Ma (1st abscissa) medial cross-vein (2d abscissa) Ma or cubital Cells Costal .... Median or externo-median Submedian or interno-median Anal Marginal or radial First submarginal Second " Third Fourth First discoidal Second " Third First apical Second " Stigma Cells C + Sc M Cu + Cut 1st + 2d+3d A 2d Ri + R» 1st Ri + R R5 R* R3 M* Mi I St Mj 2d Ma M, Stigma or cell Sea •The actual composition of this vein is complex, and at its tip would be repre- sented by M4 + Cu +1+2 1st A + 2d A + 3d A 648 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull Hind Wings Veins Costal Subcostal Median Anal Radian or Marginal Cubital Discoidal Transverse median cubital Axillary Cells Costal Median Submedian Anal Marginal or radial . Submarginal or cubital 1st discoidal . 2d " Veins Costa or C R + M Cu and M* 1st A; at tip 1st A and 2d A Rs (at its tip) m-cu and R4+6+Mi m and M2 Ms Free part of media or M 3d A Cells C + Sc + Sci M Cu + Cui + Ms 1st A + 2d A 4- 3d A* Ri 4-2 R + R. + R, + R, Mi + 1st M2 + M« 2d M, student of this superfamily will, however, do well to examine the work of Fox, and especially his revisions or specific synop- ses which occur in the various American journals. In some cases where Fox has carefully tabulated the American species of certain genera belonging to this superfamily, the species occurring or likely to occur in the State of Connecticut have been extracted from his table, and nearly all the characters mentioned by Fox have been incorporated within the table. This is especially true in the subfamily Crabroninas, and, by running an insect to any given species in the keys here given and by following closely the characters there given, it is believed that one can feel reasonably sure that he has correctly determined his species. In cases where Fox has not tabulated the American species, the author has made entirely new keys, and this is also the case in certain groups where, according to his ideas, Fox's arrangements are not the best. The following keys to the subfamilies are based upon char- acters found chiefly in the thorax, as it is believed that there is less modification, by variation of the parts used, in this part of the • 3d A is part below axillary vein. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 649 body than in the appendages. The writer fully believes that by careful attention to the body characters, and by ignoring, in the primary division, the characters of the appendages, a more natural classification of these insects will be made. Not all of the characters given in the following key will apply equally well to insects which do not occur within this region, and this is especially true of exotic genera. The aim of these keys has been to make the characters as simple, yet as positive and definite as possible, so as to enable the beginner who is unfamiliar with the habitus of the insects in question to correctly place his insect in a given subfamily, tribe and genus. For this reason it has been unadvisable to so form the keys that they will include all the genera of the world. At some later time the writer hopes to elaborate the classification here proposed so that it will include the genera of the world. To do this will necessitate the making of a number of additional tribes and perhaps a few subfamilies. The nomenclature of the thorax is that given by Snodgrass in his paper entitled " Thorax of the Hymenoptera," published in the Proceedings of the United States National Museum, vol. 39, no. 1774, 1910, pp. 37-91, pi. 1-16. I Afe/&/70f{//77 A7e<5e/c/<5/e/77i//77 Fig. IS. Thorax of Chlorion (Ammobid) ichneumoneum. In the main, the insects belonging to the superfamily Sphe- coidea could be classed as beneficial, as the great majority of 65O CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. them are predaceous and provision their nests with spiders, Homoptera, Lepidopterous larvae or other insects. Some choose, however, the Diptera as food for their young, but these will have to be classed with the beneficial insects for the present as, so far as is known, none of them collect any of the parasitic flies, while many of them provision their nests with the horse-flies. The genus Cerceris should in the main be classed as beneficial since it uses weevils for food. There is one record of this genus as using honey bees, in which case it would have to be classed as injurious. The subfamily Phalanthinae would, as a rule, have to be considered as injurious, since these insects provision their nests with bees. The habits of these wasps are very diversified ; some nest in colonies: others, and by far the great majority of them, are soli- tary in their nesting habits. The nests are either constructed ir.:: clay cells ; made in the sand ; or often in abandoned nests, either clay nests constructed by other members of this superfamily or the galleries of other insects being used for a home for the future larvae. Some species nest within the stems of plants which h a large pithy center. A few, however, are known to actually excavate burrows in solid wood after the manner of the carpenter bee. Some very interesting observations of the insects belonging to this group have been made by the Peckhams and in many cases reference, will be made to their papers. The French stud-. Fabre. has also made many interesting and original observations on the habits of the European wasps belonging to this super- family, and any student of the habits of these wasps should become familiar with the papers of this French author, and should endeavor to correlate the habits of the American species with their congeners in Europe. The following species which are included within the State are, according to the author's views, only a small percentage of the species which actually occur there, and it is to be hoped that students of Entomology within the region covered by this pi will make a special effort to collect Sphecoid wasps, and that it will be possible within a few years to add many species to tEis list. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 65I Key to Families. 1. Mesosternum produced posteriorly into an elongate proc* which is cleft or bifurcate apically; notauli present; mid tibiae with two apical spurs; prothorax long; propodeum long; femora swollen near middle; prepectus present.... AMPULICID.E p. 651 Mesosternum not produced into an elongate process; notauli wanting; prothorax usually transverse; femora normally not swollen in the middle 2 2. Prepectus present SPHECID.E p. 652 Prepectus wanting 3 3. Antennae inserted close to clypeus; cheeks narrow; first abdominal segment not narrower than second; lower pos- terior margin of propodeum angled due to metathoracic pleural suture being dorso-ventral; no dorsal plate to mesepisternum BEMBICIDJE p. 691 Antennae inserted much above clypeus; cheeks broad; first abdominal segment much narrower than second; lower posterior margin of propodeum rounded due to metatho- racic pleural suture being curved; a dorsal plate to mesepi- sternum CERCERID.E p. 694 AMPULICID^E. Within our area there is but one genus which belongs to this family. The wasps belonging to this genus are small, ab©ut 10 mm. long, black, and have the wings more or less marked with fuscous. The habits of our species are unknown, but the European Ampule.tr compressus preys on cockroaches. Rhinopsis Westwood. Key to Species. Clypeus not carinate apically, apical middle margin quinque- dentate, the sides of its production sinuate; mandibles rufo-ferruginous; head uniformly sculptured; pronotum finely, transversely striato-granular posteriorly; mesoscu- tum without large lateral punctures; notauli not foveolate; mesepisternum granular, with a few punctures dorsally caniadatBB Clypeus with a carina in apical middle with one apical toe sides of its production not sinuate mandibles, except the piceous apices, black; front striato-punctate, the rest :he head finely granular, with large scattered punctures: prc tum coarsely, transversely striato-reticulate; notauli foveo- 652 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. late; sides of mesoscutum with large punctures; mesoscuto- scutellar suture strongly foveate; mesepisternum with large punctures which are dorsally confluent melanognathus °R. caniculatus Say. *R. melanognathus Rohwer. Manchester, 13 September, 1910 (A.B.C.). This is the type locality of this species. SPHECIDJE. By far the greater number of the Sphecoidea belong to the family Sphecidse. As a family, the group is rather complex, being composed of a number of types, but all of these are held together by the presence of a prepectus. Within the family the prepectus takes a number of forms, but in no case has any diffi- culty arisen as to its presence or absence. Key to Subfamilies. 1. Prepectal suture originating below lower margin of pro- thoracic tubercule, prepectus therefore wanting between tubercule and tegula Nyssonin^ p. 653 Prepectal suture originating posterior to prothoracic tuber- cule, prepectus therefore present between tubercule and tegula 2 2. Prepectus defined posteriorly by a strong carina which is angulate opposite prothoracic tubercule; an oblique suture from below tegula to sternum, where it joins prepectal carina - Prepectus defined posteriorly by a suture; no suture from below tegula to prepectal suture 5 3. Antennae inserted near middle of face; mesepisternum with a dorsal and ventral plate; abdomen petiolate; wings with three cubital cells Psenin^ p. 657 Antennae inserted very close to dorsal margin of clypeus; mesepisternum without a dorsal plate; abdomen sessile, or subsessile; wings with one cubital cell 4 4. First cubital and first discoidal cells confluent; propodeum with a process at dorsal middle; metanotum with processes at sides; eyes with their inner margins subparallel Oxybelin^e p. 659 First cubital and first discoidal cells separate; propodeum and metanotum without processes; eyes with their inner mar- gins strongly converging below Crabronin^: p. 660 5. Abdomen with a strong constriction between first and second ventral segments 6 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 653 Abdomen without a constriction between first and second ventral segments 8 6. Clypeus with a lobe at dorsal middle; antennae inserted well above clypeus near middle of face; intermediate tibiae with two apical spurs Philanthin^e p. 671 Clypeus with dorsal margin nearly straight; antennae inserted very close to dorsal margin of clypeus, much below middle of face 7 7. Inner margins of eyes deeply emarginate; intermediate tibiae with one apical spur Trypoxylonin^e p. 675 Eyes at most reniform, mesal margins subparallel; inter- mediate tibiae with two apical spurs Mellinin^e p. 677 8. Intermediate coxae without a transverse suture near base; propodeum long, with spiracles well removed from base; abdomen with a long petiole; intermediate tibiae with two apical spurs Sphecin^e p. 678 Intermediate coxae with a transverse suture near base; pro- podeum shorter, and with spiracles close to metanotum; abdomen usually sessile, but, when petiolate, intermediate tibiae have only one spur 9 9. Metasternum with a large process which is deeply emarginate ventrally; intermediate tibiae with one apical spur; wings with three cubital cells; radial cell with an appendage Larrin^e p. 683 Metasternum without a large, deeply emarginate process.. 10 10. Abdomen depressed, dorsal surface flattened; intermediate tibiae with two apical spurs; radial cell truncate; wings with three cubital cells Astatine p. 687 Abdomen cylindrical or in a very few cases subdepressed, dorsal surface convex; intermediate tibiae with one apical spur ; venation various Pemphredonin^e p. 688 Nyssonin^e. As used here, this subfamily is the family Nyssonid?e of Ashmead with the subfamily Astatinse removed. Following Kohl's arrangement, it is the " Gattungsgruppe " Alyson and the isolated genera Gorytes and Nysson. In Viereck's arrangement in the New Jersey List it is the families Gorytidse, Alysonidre and Nyssonidae. The subfamily is easily recognized by the prepectus. But little is known about the habits of these insects. The Nyssonini nest in sand as do also the Gorytini and Hoplisini. The latter two provision their nests with Homoptera and according to Westwood prefer those of the family Cercopidae. 654 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Key to Tribes. 1. Mesepisternum without a dorsal plate; lateral dorsal angles of propodeum dentate or sharply angulate; second cubital cell petiolate nyssonini p. 655 Mesepisternum with a dorsal and ventral plate; propodeum not dentate 2 2. Second pleural suture strongly angulate, mesepimeron there- fore much broader above; pronotum long, cephalo-caudal length approximating same length of scutellum: slendor insects; second cubital cell petiolate alysonini p. 654 Second pleural suture straight or nearly so, mesepimeron therefore nearly parallel-sided; pronotum transverse; stout species; second cubital cell sessile 3 3. Sternauli wanting; mesepisternum with an oblique suture from below tegulae to prepectal carina gorytini p. 655 Sternauli present; mesepisternum without an oblique suture from below tegulse to prepectal carina hoplisini p. 656 ALYSONINI. Only one genus of this tribe is known to occur within the State. The habits of none of the Nearctic species belonging to this tribe are known. Alyson Jurine. Slender species ; inner margins of the eyes subparallel, dorsal margin of the clypeus irregularly convex, propodeum long, with a sharply defined posterior face; first recurrent vein received by the first cubital cell near the apex ; the second recurrent vein received by the second cubital cell near the apex; transverse median vein distinctly basad of the basal vein. Key to Species. 1. Females 2 Males 3 2. Thorax black oppositus Thorax red melleus 3. Legs and clypeus black oppositus Legs partly fulvous, clypeus yellow melleus A. oppositus Say. Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Probably generally distributed throughout the State. °A. melleus Say. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 655 NYSSONINI. This tribe is represented in the State by one genus which is divisible into a number of subgenera, but as only three species are known to occur within the State the names of subgenera have been omitted. Nysson Latreille. The species of this genus, according to Ashmead, nest in sand. _ Key to Species. 1. Submedian cell of hind wings terminating before origin of cubitus; markings yellow tramosericus Submedian cell of hind wings terminating at or before origin of cubitus 2 2. Scutellum margined at sides; last dorsal segment of abdomen, in male, ciliated between teeth .aequalis Scutellum not margined at sides; last dorsal segment of the abdomen, in male, not ciliated between teeth lateralis N. aequalis Say. N. lateralis Packard. Both this and the preceding species occur nearly throughout the State. N. tramosericus Viereck. Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). GORYTINI. Key to Genera. First abdominal segment as broad apically as second is basally Gtorytes p. 655 First abdominal segment much narrower apically than second is basally Paramellinus p. 656 Gorytes Latreille. Gorytes mystaceus (Linnaeus), according to Westwood, preys on the larvae of Aphrophora spumaria. This is an European species, but is related to the American species, which may have similar habits. No species of this genus has as yet been taken in the State, but G. nigrifrons Smith will no doubt be found in the Austral life zone. This species is black, marked with yellow, the yellow band on the first dorsal abdominal segment is larger than that of the following segments. The radial cell is fuscous. The 656 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. mesoscuto-scutellar suture and the furrows defining the triangular shaped area of the propodeum are foveolate. The legs beyond the bases of the femora are black. Paramellinus Rohwer. P. bipunctatus (Say). This is the only species of Paramellinus known in the East. It is shining black with white markings. The second and third dorsal abdominal segments have lateral whitish spots. The wings are clear. The recurrent veins are usually interstitial with the first and second transverse cubiti. The eyes are large, oval in outline, being closer together a short distance above the antennae. East Hartford, 9 August, 1904 (B.H.W.). HOPLISINI. Hoplisus LePeletier. The species placed in the genus at present may belong in a number of different subgenera when the group is studied from the standpoint of the genotypes. The species, as far as known, prey on leaf-hoppers and nest in the sand. For an interesting account of canaliculatus Packard, see Barth, Bull. Wisconsin Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 5, no. 3, 1907, pp. 141-149, % 4- The following table is based on the females, as the males of but a few of the species are known. Key to Species. 1. Inner margin of eyes strongly converging to clypeus 2 Inner margin of eyes parallel or subparallel 3 2. Propodeum coarsely sculptured; wings not yellow basally: femora mostly black; flagellum yellow beneath, long and slender; posterior face of propodeum with two yellow spots atricornis Propodeum smooth; fourth and fifth dorsal abdominal seg- ments impunctate; suture between scutum and scutellum not foveolate phaleratus 3. Last dorsal abdominal segment ferruginous gracilis Last dorsal abdominal segment yellow fuscus Last dorsal abdominal segment black 4 4. Mesepisternum sharply, strongly carinate anteriorly; pygid- ium broad, more than twice as broad as the width in the middle; a distinct fuscous cloud in second discoidal cell nebulosus No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 657 Mesepisternum not sharply or strongly carinate anteriorly; pygidium long, narrow, more than twice as long as its width in the middle; form robust costalis H. fuscus Taschenberg. Flagellum of the male cylindrical except the apical joint; first abdominal segment black. This species is recorded, without definite locality, by Handlirsch. H. costalis Cresson. New Ha\$en, 24 August, 1906 (P.L.B.). H. gracilis Patton. This species was recorded from Connecticut by Patton. H. phaleratus Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. 1, Fig. 18. This species occurs throughout the State and has been taken in Jwly and August. H. nebulosus Packard. Scotland, 27 July, 1904 (B. H. W.) ; Branford, 12 August, 1904 (H. W. W.) ; New Haven, 19 July, 1904 (P. L. B.). °H. atricornis Packard. This species has been recorded from neighboring states but not yet been taken in Connecticut. Psenin^e. The abdomen is always petiolate although the length of the petiole is variable. The antennse are inserted in the middle of the face, well above the clypeus. The wings have three enclosed cubital cells, the radial cell is always pointed at the apex. The inner margins of the eyes are subparallel. The intermediate coxse are separated. They nest either in sand or wood and provision their nests with Homoptera. For an account of one of the Nearctic species, see Barth, Bull. Wisconsin Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 5, no. 4, 1907, pp. 251-257. Key to Genera. Transverse median of hind wings short and perpendicular; cubitus of hind wings originating beyond transverse median Psenulus p. 658 Transverse median of hind wings long, oblique or bent near middle; cubitus of hind wings originating before or nearly interstitial with transverse median Psen p. 658 42 658 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Psenulus Kohl. In America there are, as yet, no true Psenuli, but the genus is represented by the subgenus Neofoxia Viereck, which differs from true Psenulus in that the second cubital cell receives only one recurrent vein or the second recurrent is interstitial with the second transverse cubitus. °P. (Neofoxia*) trisculcus (Fox). This species may be found in the State. The pygidium is broad and has large separate punctures. There is a tubercule between the bases of the antennae. Black ; flagellum pale beneath. Psen Latreille. Key to Subgenera. Second cubital cell receiving one recurrent vein, second re- current received near base of third cubital cell; clypeus with anterior margin depressed Psen (s. str.) p. 658 Second cubital cell receiving both recurrent veins, or second recurrent interstitial with second transverse cubitus; clypeus without a distinct depressed anterior margin Mimesa p. 658 Subgenus Psen Latreille (s. str.). °P. (Psen) monticola (Packard). Abdomen entirely red. Tibiae and tarsi testaceous. Subgenus Mimesa Shuckard. Key to Species. 1. Mesoscuto-scutellar suture foveolate; scutum coarsely punc- tate 2 Mesoscuto-scutellar suture not foveolate; scutum nearly im- punctate or with fine scattered punctures 4 2. Petiole strongly trisulcate niger Petiole not trisulcate, flat above, and longer 3 3. Tegulae brown; base of flagellum pale; scutum more coarsely sculptured; flagellum of male with joints rounded out beneath kohlii Tegulse and flagellum black; flagellum of male simple myersianus 4. Petiole trisulcate; abdomen black nigrescens Petiole cylindrical; abdomen with some red 5 * It has been recently shown that this group should be called Diodontus. See Rohwer, 1915. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.. vol. 49, p. 243. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 659 5. Petiole shorter than hind femora pauper Petiole as long as hind femora cressoni °P. (Mimesa) niger Packard. Black ; wings dusky ; tarsi brownish. °P. (M.) kohlii (Fox). Black ; tarsi testaceous ; wings hyaline ; pygidium narrow, with large separate punctures. °P. (M.) myersianus Rohwer. Similar to kohlii but smaller and more shining. °P. (M.) nigrescens Rohwer. Black ; flagellum beneath and tarsi testaceous ; wings hyaline ; slender ; petiole shorter than hind femora. P. (M.) pauper (Packard). Black; flagellum beneath and tarsi testaceous; second and third abdominal segments red. Prospect, 15 August, 1906 (W. E. B.). P. (M.) cressoni (Packard). First (beyond petiole), second, third and base of fourth abdominal segments red; wings hyaline; flagellum beneath and tarsi testaceous. Salisbury, 29 August, 1904; Westville, 9 September, 1907 (W. E. B.). OXYBELINJE. The wasps belonging to this subfamily are easily separated from all other Sphecoid wasps by the remarkable processes on the dorsum of the thorax and by having the first cubital and first discoidal cells confluent. The wasps nest in sand and provision their nests with flies. Key to Genera. Process at dorsal middle of propodeum broad and deeply emarginate at tip Notoglossa p. 660 Process at dorsal middle of propodeum spine-like, acute at apex Oxybelus p. 659 Oxybelus Latreille. O. quadrinotatus Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 22. Length about 6 mm. ; squamae curved ; abdomen shining, sparsely punctate ; wings hyaline. For an account of the habits of 660 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. this species see Peckham, Bull. 2, Wisconsin Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey, 1898, pp. 73-76. See also Parker, Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington, 1915, vol. 17, p. 74. Occurs throughout the State. Has been taken in July and August on flowers of milkweed. Many specimens from Branford, Colebrook, New Haven, Poquonock, Prospect, Putnam, and Scotland. Notoglossa Dahlbom. N. emarginata (Say). Squamae with a sharp curved point outside of the broad basal part ; abdomen dull, finely, rather closely punctate. Occurs throughout the State and has been recorded from Branford, Cheshire, East Hartford, New Haven, Poquonock, Sachem's Head, Scotland, and West Haven, on flowers of milk- weed and New Jersey tea. Flies from June to August. Crabronin^. The wasps belonging to this group are seldom more than 15 mm. in length and range from this size to 3 mm. in length. All of the species in the eastern United States are either black or black and yellow. The small species are usually entirely black while the large ones are black with yellow thoracic and abdominal markings. These insects are easily recognized by the quadrate or subquadrate heads, and by the venation, the important parts of which are the truncate radial cell, the presence of the cubitus at the base and the presence of only one cubital cell. The habits of these insects are very varied. Some nest in stems, some in galleries in wood and others in the soil. A few of the species use spiders to provision their nests, while some use flies ; others use bugs ; others, aphids ; others, moths ; and one is said to use mites. It is a curious, but suggestive, circumstance that as far as the evidence goes the different food and nesting habits are directly associated with the specific groups pointed out by certain writers. This problem may be more elucidated at some future time when the habits of these wasps are more fully known and when the generic groups are more thoroughly understood. In the mean- time students who have the opportunity will be doing valuable work in recording careful observations on the habits of any species belonging to this family. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 66 1 The insects falling into the subfamily Crabroninae may be separated into two tribes by the following key. Key to Tribes. Abdomen depressed, flat beneath; second discoidal cell much longer than first, acuminate at tip anacrabronini p. 661 Abdomen seldom subdepressed, convex dorsally and ven- trally; second discoidal cell shorter than first, usually very much so, broadened and subtruncate at tip . .crabronini p. 66 1 ANACRABRONINI. Anacrabro Packard. A. ocellatus Packard. Length 6-8 mm. Black ; tubercules, line on metanotum, tips of all the femora, tibiae and tarsi (except a black spot on the former internally), and a large spot (sharply trunctate externally, and more or less pointed within) on first to fifth dorsal abdominal segments, yellow. Wings subhyaline basally, apically fuscous. Mesoscutum and mesepisternum with strong, separate punc- tures. According to Dr. Barth (Bull. Wisconsin Nat. Hist. Soc, vol. 6, pp. 147-153, Pis. 7-9), this species nests in sand banks and provisions its nest with the bug Lygus pratensis. Hartford and Black Point in July (S. N. D.). CRABRONINI. The Nearctic species belonging to this tribe were tabulated by Fox in a paper entitled " The Crabroninae of Boreal America," which appeared in the Transactions of the American Entomolog- ical Society, vol. 22, 1895, pp. 129-226. In this paper Mr. Fox con- sidered that all the species placed in the tribe Crabronini, as here treated, belong to one genus. Later, in 1898, Ashmead tabulated the genera of Sphecoidea of the world, and considered the Crab- roninae of Fox to be a family composed of a number of sub- families. In his paper Ashmead raised nearly all of Fox's species groups to generic rank. In the present paper the tribe Crabronini is considered as comprising, as far as our region is concerned, four genera, each of which may be divided into sub- genera, some of which occur in the State. These genera may be separated by the following table: 662 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Key to Genera. 1. Mandibles simple, acute at apex Lindenius p. 664 Mandibles truncate, bidentate or tridentate at apex 2 2. First abdominal segment petioliform or abdomen distinctly petiolate Rhopalum p. 664 Abdomen sessile or subsessile 3 3. Mesepimeron with a strong carina following the second pleural suture; mesepisternum strongly sculptured with some form of striation . ., Solenius p, 664 Mesepimeron without a strong carina; mesepisternum not strongly sculptured, usually only punctate Crabro p. 669 The following two species are too imperfectly known to be classified according to the above system. In the hope that they will be rediscovered and redescribed to harmonize with our pres- ent views of the classification of this group, the original descrip- tions are here given. Crabro oblongus Packard. Proceedings Entomological Society of Philadelphia, Vol. vi, p. 88. " Female. Closely allied to C. singularis, head of much the same proportions, but narrows a little behind, and is throughout narrower as the entire body is. Eyes a little nearer together; the convexity of the vertex and the grooving of the front the same as in C. singularis. Antennal groove well marked, polished, on each side a narrow edging of silken pubescence; clypeus golden as in C. singularis, but the hairs are much finer, the lateral lobes are more triangular and silvery; mandibles black, with the middle wedge-shaped area twice grooved towards the base, where in C. singularis it is smooth; palpi slender, joints much longer and slenderer by one-third than in the other species above named. Antennae as in C. singularis, scape entirely yellow, hardly as stout, joints of flagellum a little stouter. Two square, yellow spots on the prothorax; lateral tubercle yellow; meso- thorax entirely black above with no yellow markings; surface of the scutum finely striated; scutellum and metascutellum highly polished. Propodeum much as in C. singularis, but the mesial furrow widens at base, with similar lateral and transverse rugae; legs colored much the same; within the hind tibiae a dark stripe. Abdomen long, sides unusually parallel, giving it an oblong shape; with ten yellow fasciae, those in the basal joint being simply dots, those in the second ring much larger than the succeeding ones, not wedge-shaped, but elliptical; beneath very convex; tip one-half as long as in C. singularis, the enclosed triangular upper surface much longer and narrower than in the allied species. "Length of body, .64; head and thorax, .33; abdomen, .31 inch. Conn. (Norton). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 663 " Differs from C. singularis in its much narrower and slenderer body, narrower head, larger palpi, with mandibles grooved towards insertion in the middle area; in the wholly black mesothorax, except the yellow tubercle; and in the abdomen having an additional pair of fasciae. The tip of the abdomen is scarcely one-half as large, of different proportions, being longer and narrower than in C. singularis, while the abdomen is much flattened above, where in C. singularis it is much more convex." Probably belongs to Solenius, and to the subgenus Lophocrabro. C. unicus Patton. Canadian Entomologist, Vol. xi, p. 214. " Female. Length 5 mm. Black ; tips of mandibles, tegulae, spurs of posterior tibiae and extreme base of the first joint of posterior tarsi, the last joint of posterior tarsi, the tips of all the coxae and tro- chanters and the tips of the posterior femora and tibiae, piceous. Scape beneath, dot on first joint of flagellum, the tubercles, the four anterior tibiae excepting a black spot beneath, and the tips of the four anterior femora, yellow. The four anterior tarsi, excepting the fulvous apical joint, and the base of the posterior tibiae, whitish. Clypeus black, covered with a silvery pile; flagellum fulvous beneath. Thorax beneath and the abdomen with short scattered pubescence. The abdomen excepting the rufo-piceous enclosure on the sixth seg- ment entirely black. Wings hyaline, beautifully iridescent, the nervures and stigma black. Head, thorax and abdomen smooth. The head as wide as the thorax, and the vertex longer than wide, the front narrow. The ocelli arranged in an equilateral triangle, each in a separate depression; from the anterior ocellus an impressed line extends downwards upon the face and another extends backwards upon the vertex; on the inner orbit on the vertex is a slight groove curving at the end to come in a line with a short oblique groove behind each posterior ocellus. Prothorax sharply angulated beneath, mesopleura sharply angulated beneath near the coxae. Anterior portion of the mesonotum with four short lines which extend upon the collar as slight notches; mesonotum with a slight groove on each side of the disk and with a marginal row of reticulations over the tegulae. Scutellum quadrate, connected with the mesonotum by the broad lateral angles between which it is separated by a basal row of large reticulations. The semi-circular area on base of metathorax is encircled by a row of similar reticulations and divided by a deep median groove. Similar rows of reticulations extend in a slightly curved line down upon the mesopleura from the anterior wings and others mark the lateral sutures of the metathorax. The sides of the mesothorax beneath and the sides and posterior face of the metathorax are finely striate; these striae curve upon the metathorax above and are represented within the enclosure by striae of microscopic fineness. The posterior face of the metathorax has a deep triangular median depression above and is more coarsely rugose beneath. Area on the 664 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. sides much thickened and raised. Abdomen shorter than the rest of the body, narrow at base, broad near the tip. The posterior tibiae much thickened. " New Haven, Conn., July 15th. " The elongate head and clavate abdomen give this species a very peculiar appearance." Lindenius LePeletier. But one species of this interesting little genus has been found in Connecticut. L. errans (Fox). Clypeus and scape posteriorly black ; hind tibiae yellow at the base only; ocelli in a low triangle; the convexities of the dorsal aspect of the propodeum smooth and polished ; cheeks unarmed. Rockville, 23 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). Rhopalum Kirby. This genus, like the preceding, is represented by only one species within the State. Pygidium of the female narrow and excavated for its entire length. Flagellum of the male dentate beneath. R. pedicellatum Packard. Abdomen black, four anterior legs banded with black. This species was recorded from Connecticut by Packard, and has been taken at New Haven, 8 June, 1896 (W. E. B.). Solenius LePeletier. This is the Crabroninae of Ashmead. For reasons of this change of names see the remarks under the genus Crabro (p. 669). Key to Subgenera. 1. Anterior margin of clypeus in middle produced into a strong truncate lobe; pygidium narrowly channeled 2 Anterior margin of clypeus rounded or dentate, never with a strong median truncate portion • 4 2. Ocelli in an equilateral triangle Clytochrysus p. 665 Ocelli in a low triangle 3 3. Abdomen coarsely punctate as are also head and thorax; flagellum of male simple; fore tarsi slightly flattened . . Solenius (s. str.) p. 665 Abdomen rather finely punctate as are also head and thorax; flagellum of male with basal joints emarginate; tore tarsi strongly flattened Ectemnius p. 666 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 665 4. Mesoscutum striato-punctate, anteriorly transversely, poste- riorly longitudinally Lophocrabro p. 667 Mesoscutum not striato-punctate 5 5. Abdomen indistinctly punctate or impunctate Xestocrabro p. 667 Abdomen distinctly punctate 6 6. Female pygidium flat, triangular; fore tarsi of male strongly flattened Protothyreopus p. 668 Female pygidium narrow, strongly excavated; fore tarsi of males not or scarcely flattened Hypocrabro p. 668 Subgenus Clytochrysus Morawitz. Only one species of this group has been recorded from Con- necticut, but another one, according to its distribution, may occur within the confines of the State. The following table will separate these two species : Key to Species. First joint of flagellum, in female, fully as long as three following united; first and second joints of flagellum, in male, more strongly dentate than third and fourth; fore femora of male black and yellow obscurus First joint of flagellum, in female, scarcely as long as three following united; first four flagellar joints, in male, with teeth subequal; anterior femora of male rufous, striped with yellow and black nigrifrons S. (C.) obscurus Smith. New Haven, 8 July, 1904 (P. L. B.) ; Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H.L.V.). °S. (C.) nigrifrons Cresson. Subgenus Solenius LePeletier (s. str.). The two species which belong to this group and occur in the eastern United States may be separated as follows : Key to Species. Posterior face of propodeum completely transversely striato- reticulate; scape of male angulate near apex; first three flagellar joints of male largest, so flagellum is thicker at base producticollis Posterior face of propodeum with a strong median channel and longitudinally striato-reticulate along it; scape and flagellum of male normal interruptus S. (S.) interruptus LePeletier. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iv, Fig. 6. 666 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. This species occurs throughout the State, and has been taken in New Haven, North Haven, Sachem's Head, Scotland, and Stafford, in May, June, July, August, and September. S. (S.) producticollis Packard. New Haven, 14 August, 1906 (P. L. B.). Subgenus Ectemnius Dahlbom. No species of this group is known to occur in the State, but any of the following may be found there. Key to Species. 1. Females 2 Males 4 2. Space between eyes at clypeus shorter than length of first two joints of flagellum; transverse depressions of prono- tum broad and strong; scutellum finely striate corrugatus Space between eyes at clypeus at least equal in length to first two joints of flagellum; transverse depressions of prono- tum narrow and not strong 3 3. Longitudinal furrow of propodeum broad and distinctly widened in middle; pronotum margined but not strongly so brunneipes Longitudinal furrow of propodeum rather narrow and not widened in middle; pronotum sharply margined montanus 4. First joint of intermediate tarsi shorter than or subequal with three following united 5 First joint of intermediate tarsi longer than three following united 6 5. Occiput and cheeks sharply margined behind; longitudinal furrow of propodeum rather narrow montanus Occiput and cheeks feebly margined; longitudinal furrow of propodeum broad brunneipes 6. Scape entirely yellow; abdomen broad, not longer than head and thorax united; posterior face of propodeum distinctly enclosed corrugatus Scape partly black; abdomen elongate, longer than head and thorax united; posterior face of propodeum not completely enclosed, as ridge separating it from dorsal surface is obsolete pauper °S. (E.) montanus Cresson. °S. (E.) pauper Packard. °S. (E.) brunneipes Packard. °S. (E.) corrugatus Packard. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 667 Lophocrabro, new subgenus. Type: Crabro singularis Smith. This name is proposed for the group which Ashmead con- sidered as Crabro. Supraorbital fovese obsolete; pygidium of the female narrowed apically and deeply channeled, with a fringe of long, stiff, lateral hair ; third antennal joint of the male much more slender than the remaining joints; femora of the male dentate beneath ; fore tarsi of the male flattened. Only one species of this group occurs in the territory treated. S. (L.) singularis Smith. This species was later considered to be the same as maculatus Fabricius, but the evidence is not sufficient. First joint of the flagellum longer than the two following united ; yellow markings of the second abdominal segment pointed inwardly; yellow marks of the fifth segment separated. Recorded from Connecticut by Fox. Subgenus Xestocrabro Ashmead. Key to Species. 1. Females 2 Males 3 2. Dorsal and posterior aspects of propodeum not separated by a series of fovese; posterior face striate above; mesoscutum closely punctate throughout sayi Dorsal and posterior aspects of propodeum separated by a series of strong fovese; posterior face transversely rugose; mesoscutum with punctures separated posteriorly . . trif asciatus 3. First joint of flagellum distinctly longer than second; first and second joints of intermediate tarsi strongly produced within; anterior femora reddish beneath sayi First joint of flagellum subequal in length with second; first and second joints of intermediate tarsi scarcely produced within; anterior femora yellow beneath trifasciatus S. (X.) sayi Cockerell. S. sexmaculatus Say and Fox, not Olivier. Occurs throughout the State throughout the summer and early fall months, and is often found visiting flowers of Cicnta maculata. Branford, Brookfield, Colebrook, New Canaan, Sachem's Head, and Stonington. °S. (X.) trifasciatus Say. 668 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Subgenus Protothyreopus Ashmead. Key to Species. Mesoscutum very coarsely sculptured; head and thorax of female coarsely sculptured; first joint of intermediate tarsi of male normal, slightly longer than two following united rufifemur Mesoscutum not coarsely sculptured; head and thorax of female finely sculptured; first joint of intermediate tarsi of male strongly angular on outer margin and slightly shorter than following two joints united bigeminus S. (P.) rufifemur Packard. Sachem's Head, I August, 1904; New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.), on New Jersey Tea. S. (P.) bigeminus Packard. New Haven, 26 June, 1902 (E.J.S.M.). Subgenus Hypocrabro Ashmead. As treated here this subgeneric name is used to include also Pseudocrabro and Xylocrabro as defined by Ashmead. Key to Species. 1. Females 2 Males 4 2. Pygidium without a distinct lateral fringe of stiff hairs; ab- domen never banded but with lateral spots stirpicola Pygidium with a distinct fringe of stiff hairs 3 3. Mesoscutum with strong punctures which are separated on posterior portion decemmaculatus Mesoscutum closely and finely punctate throughout. . chrysargynus 4. Flagellum entire beneath decemmaculatus Flagellum emarginate beneath 5 5. Dorsal aspect of propodeum with strong foveae laterally . . stirpicola Dorsal aspect of propodeum without strong foveas laterally chrysargynus S. (H.) stirpicola Packard. This species makes cells within the stems of plants which have a large pith, and provisions these cells with various species of flies. New Haven, 28 July, 1898, taken as it was boring into a cane of Japanese wineberry (W. E. B.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 669 S. (H.) decemmaculatus Say. This species is known to prey on horse-flies. It has been taken at New Haven, 26 July, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). S. (H.) chrysargynus LePeletier. Howard, Insect Book. PI. iv, Fig. 19. Short Beach, 14 July, 1904 (P. L. B.). Crabro Fabricius. In 1810 Latreille fixed, as the type of the genus Crabro, Sphex cribraria Linnaeus. Ashmead in 1898, while tabulating the genera of Crabroninae, overlooked this fixation by Latreille, and chose the same species as the type of Thyreopus. This causes the group which Ashmead called Thyreopinae to become Crabroninae, and the genus Thyreopus must fall as a synonym of Crabro. Key to Subgenera. 1. Ocelli arranged in an obtuse triangle; abdome» marked with yellow '. 2 Ocelli arranged in or nearly in an equilateral triangle; ab- domen black 3 2. Anterior margin of clypeus with a large quadrate projection; first recurrent vein received before apical third of first cubital cell; antennae of male simple, not dilated; fore tarsi of male without appendages Synothyreopus p. 669 Anterior margin of clypeus without a projection; first re- current vein received at or beyond apical third of first cubital cell; antennae of male dilated; fore tarsi of male with an appendage Crabro p. 670 3. Supraorbital foveae sharply defined; propodeum without a well defined circular area; pygidium narrow, foveated Blepharipus p. 671 Supraorbital foveae obsolete; propodeum with a well defined circular area; pygidium broad, flat Crossocerus p. 671 Subgenus Synothyreopus Ashmead. The males belonging to this group are easily recognized by the characters given in the subgeneric table. The females offer some difficulty but by close study can be placed. Two species belong- ing to this group have been taken within the State. Key to Species. Flagellum scarcely twice the length of scape tumidus Flagellum much more than twice the length of scape advena 67O CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. C. (S.) advena Smith. Female : head and thorax coarsely sculptured ; dorsal aspect of the propodeum very coarsely sculptured with strong longitudinal or slightly oblique ridges which extend to the posterior aspect; scape partly yellow ; postocellar line subequal with the ocellocular line; first two abdominal segments with two yellow spots, those of the second pointed internally. Male: cheeks armed with a keel ; clypeus yellow ; tibial shield dark brown, marked with fine yellowish lines; mesepisternum striato-punctate. This species has been recorded from the State but definite data are wanting. C. (S.) tumidus Packard. Female: head and thorax without long shaggy pubescence; wings subhyaline; mesepisternum not striate; hind tarsi testa- ceous ; space between the eyes at the base of the clypeus less than the length of the second and third antennal joints. Male: mesosternum nude; mesepisternum finely punctate; metano- tum black ; fore femora yellow beneath. Westbrook, 30 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). Subgenus Crabro Fabricius (s. str.). Key to Species. 1. Females 2 Males 5 2. First transverse cubitus received before middle of radial cell 3 First transverse cubitus received about middle of radial cell 4 3. First joint of flagellum distinctly shorter than second; lateral margin of pronotum with a strong tooth argus First joint of flagellum distinctly longer than second; meso- scutum shining, finely closely punctate aequalis 4. Dorsal aspect of propodeum very coarsely sculptured with strong longitudinal ridges; scape black provancheri Dorsal aspect of propodeum not coarsely sculptured, striae incomplete and fine; clypeus and mandibles black. . .monticola 5. First joint of flagellum not broadened to meet second; tibial shield brownish, covered with pale spots; scutellum and metanotum black argus First joint of flagellum broadened to meet second 6 6. First joint of flagellum not hirsute beneath; tibial shield very large latipes First joint of flagellum with a bunch of pale, curved hair beneath cribrellifer No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 671 °C. (C.) cribrellifer Packard. °C. (C.) monticola Packard. °C. (C.) provancheri Fox. °C. (C.) latipes Smith. C. (C.) aequalis Fox. New Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). C. (C.) argus Packard. West Haven, 27 to 29 June, 1905 (H. L. V., W. E. B.). Subgenus Blepharipus LePeletier. No species of this genus has yet been recorded from the State but the following two may be looked for : Key to Species. Pronotum and scutellum yellow impressifrons Thorax entirely black nigricornis °C. (B.) impressifrons Smith. °C. (B.) nigricornis Provancher. Subgenus Crossocerus LePeletier. As yet this genus has not been definitely recorded from Con- necticut, but the following three species may be found there. The males of the following species are not described. Key to Species. 1. Mandibles in greatest part yellow; scutellum black; convex- ities of dorsal aspect of propodeum opaque, with five striations minimus Mandibles, except apices, black 2 2. Scutellum black; basal third of intermediate tibiae yellow; two yellow spots on pronotum sulcus Scutellum mostly yellow; intermediate tibiae yellow exte- riorly; a yellow band on pronotum lentus °C. (C.) minimus Packard. °C. (C.) sulcus Fox. °C. (C.) lentus Fox. Philanthinse. As used here, the subfamily Philanthinse includes only the Philanthinse of Ashmead's classification, or the genus Philanthus 672 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. and allies of other authors. The group of Cerceris is considered to be in a different family and can easily be separated by the characters stated in the key to families. Key to Genera. Inner margins of eyes not emarginate; apex of radial cell not reaching costa Aphilanthops p. 672 Inner margins of eyes emarginate; apex of radial cell attain- ing costa Philanthus p. 672 Aphilanthops Patton. This genus is represented in the State by a single species. One of the western species is known to use ants to provision its nest. A. frigidus (Smith). Clypeus with the apical margin quinquedentate. First joint of the flagellum distinctly shorter than the second and third. Markings yellow ; pubescence white. For an account of this species, which provisions its nests with queen ants, see Wheeler, Jour. Anim. Behavior, 19 13, vol. 3, pp. 374-387. Hartford, 30 July, 6 August, 1893. Philanthus Fabricius. The members of this genus are easily recognized by the large subtransverse head, which is wider than the thorax. The body is usually punctate, although in some cases sparsely so. The markings are whitish or yellowish, with reddish legs in some species. The wings are hyaline or subhyaline. The shape of the eyes will easily separate this from Aphilanthops. Philanthus has been divided by some writers, on venational characters, into subgenera, but when species other than the genotypes are used the variation is found to be so great that it is impossible to place certain specimens under such subgenera satisfactorily. The Nearctic species may be divided into groups by the primary character of the following key. Treating these groups as sub- genera, we would have Pseudanthophilus and Philanthus (=Epi- philanthus and Anthophilus). As far as known these wasps prey on bees. In Europe P. triangularis preys on the honey-bee, one insect being sufficient for one cell. NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 673 Key to Species. 1. Pronotum anteriorly carinated and sharply truncate; body nearly uniformly closely, coarsely punctate ventilabris Pronotum not carinated, anteriorly declivous; body not uni- formly punctate, or if uniformly punctate not coarsely so.. 2 2. Abdomen with very large, usually confluent punctures, seg- ments constricted basally and depressed apically . . . . punctatus Abdomen at most finely punctate, segments not both con- stricted and depressed 3 3. Flagellum tapering to thickened apex; venter with dense, long hair 4 Flagellum of nearly uniform width beyond apex of first joint; flagellum short; venter without dense long hairs, although with some scattered hairs 5 4. First abdominal segment without a yellow spot; third trans- verse cubitus straight; mesoscutum with fine, rather close punctures; length about 12 mm sanbornii First abdominal segment with a yellow spot on each side; third transverse cubitus sinuate; mesoscutum with fine, widely scattered punctures; length about 8 mm dubius 5. Abdomen impunctate, first segment black, second with two U-shaped yellow marks, the arms of the U projecting posteriorly bilunatus Abdomen distinctly punctate, first segment with yellow mark- ings, second segment without such yellow marks 6 6. Dorsal aspect of propodeum uniformly sculptured, without a large depressed area; abdomen closely, finely punctate, first segment with a yellow band solivagus Dorsal aspect of propodeum with a depressed median area which is surrounded by an impunctate area; abdomen very sparsely punctate, first segment with two pale spots, .politus °P. (Pseudanthophilus) ventilabris Fabricius. This species has not yet been taken in the State, but it has been taken in other eastern states and will no doubt be found here. P. (Philanthus) punctatus Say. The coarsely punctate abdomen makes this species easy to recognize. Dorsal aspect of the propodeum has a shallow de- pressed median area; sides of propodeum rather finely, closely punctate ; first abdominal segment black ; base of the second dorsal segment with a broad yellow band, the band on the following segments narrow and at the apical margin. Wings dusky. 43 674 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. According to Ashmead this species provisions its nest with Halictus disparalis and other small Halicti. The Peckhams give an interesting account of this species, which in brief is as follows : The wasps of one nest live together in harmony after emerging until the females begin to make nests, then they disband, although the males often use the old nest for a shelter at night. The nest is a tunnel in sandy clay, a longitudinal section being roughly L- shaped, the shorter arm oblique, the longer one nearly parallel with the surface. The prey is small Halicti which are stung once (fatally) under the neck, and carried by two pairs of legs. One nest contained twenty-six bees. The wasp never works in cloudy weather. Occurs throughout the State. Specimens in the Experiment Station Collection at New Haven were taken from July to October, in the towns of New Haven, North Haven, Prospect, and Westbrook. P. (P.) sanbornii Cresson. Eyes of the male strongly converging above so they are sepa- rated from the lateral ocelli by about the width of one of the ocelli. Last dorsal plate of the male deeply emarginate. A large yellow spot on the front. The second dorsal segment with two large spots which nearly meet in the middle. Banks, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19 1 3, vol. 32, p. 423, has proposed the subgenus Octoletes for this and five other species. Putnam, 12 July 1905 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 13 July, 1904, 30 June, 1905 (W. E. B., B. H. W.) ; Waterbury (W. H. P.). P. (P.) dubius Cresson. Eyes of the male not strongly converging above, separated from the lateral ocelli by a distance subequal to the length of the postocellar line. Last dorsal segment of the male entire. Second dorsal segment with a sinuate yellow band. New Haven, 25 July, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Hartford, 2 July, 6 August, 1893, 10 July, 1898, on Roripa sylvestris (S. N. D.). P. (P.) bilunatus Cresson. Easily recognized by the markings of the second dorsal seg- ment and by being almost entirely impunctate. Scutellum not im- pressed. Dorsal aspect of propodeum with a shallow, depressed, median area. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 675 North Haven, 3 August, 1905, Canterbury, 14 August, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Hartford, 22 August, 1892 (S. N.. D.). P. (P.) solivagus Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii Fig. 31. Easily determined by the above table. There is a yellow spot between the bases of the antennae, the scape of which is yellow in front. The metanotum is black. The markings are yellow. Hartford (S. N. D.) ; Rockville (H. L. V.); Stafford (W. E. B.) ; New Haven, 24 August, 1906, on goldenrod (P.L.B.). P. (P.) politus Say. No free pale spot between the bases of the antennae ; metano- tum pale. Markings whitish. Poquonock, 27 June, 1905, on milkweed flower (H. L. V.). Trypoxylonin^e. This subfamily is represented in the State by the genus Trypoxylon only. In some other parts of the Nearctic region are found the genus Pison and allies which belong to this subfamily. Trypoxylon Latreille. Elongate wasps, with the abdomen narrow and longer than the head and thorax; head transverse; inner margins of the eyes strongly emarginate within ; radial cell of the fore wings pointed at the apex; one cubital and two discoidal cells sharply defined, the second cubital and third discoidal cells indicated by darkened lines. Black, or black marked with red. These wasps are as a rule lazy when it comes to making a nest of their own, and usually choose a hole made by some other insect. The Peckhams record rubrocinctum as using holes made in the mortar of a brick wall, holes made in a post and in straw, the open ends of which were exposed. Other species choose nests made by other means, but bidentatum makes its own nest in stems of plants. Some of the species even use abandoned nests of the mud-daubers. When the nest is made in a burrow, the cells are separated by mud partitions, and the nest is sealed with mud. The Peckhams found that the species they studied used spiders only to provision their nests, but Ashmead records certain species 676 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. as using aphids as food for their young. Ashmead also records one species, T. collinum Smith, as nesting in hard sand. If all these observations are proven to be correct, the genus will be one of very diversified habits. For a very pleasing account of T. albopilosum Fox and T. rubrocinctum Packard, see Peckham, Bull. 2, Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, 1898, chapter viii, pp. 77-87. The species of this genus are parasi- tized by various species of Chrysididae. Key to Species. 1. Dorsal aspect of propocleum smooth or sparsely punctate.. 2 Dorsal aspect of propodeum striate, distinctly sculptured.. 3 2. Postocellar line slightly shorter than ocellocular line; wings dark, subviolaceous politum Postocellar line very much longer than ocellocular line; wings subhyaline excavatum 3. Dorsal aspect of propodeum without a median sulcus 4 Dorsal aspect of propodeum with a median sulcus; small, opaque, black species 5 4. A strong projection between bases of antennae; abdomen in part red tridentatum No projection between bases of antennae; abdomen black clavatum 5. Produced portion of clypeus truncate frigidum Produced portion of clypeus strongly bidentate bidentatum T. politum Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vi, Fig. 6. This species has usually gone under the name albitarse Fabricius. The male was described by Kohl under the name neglect um. It is the largest species in the State, being about 18 mm. long. The posterior trochanters of the male are unarmed, but the first ventral abdominal segment has a hooked process. The habits of the species have been described by various authors, but under the name albitarse. The Raus have a good account of the habits of this species in Jour. Animal Behavior, 1916, vol. 6, no. 1. Hartford, September and August. T. excavatum Smith. Length about 10 mm. Pubescence white, mesonotum smooth, shining. This species is said to occur from Jamaica to the New England States. It has been taken in the State, but no definite localities are available. It is said to nest in stems of Syringa. No. 22. J HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 677 T. clavatum Say. Length about 14 mm. Pubescence white; hind tarsi partly pale ; males with a spine on the hind trochanter. According to Ashmead this species uses the cells of Chalybion cceruleum for a nest, and it has been observed to nest in deserted holes in boards. Has been taken in the State in July and August. Will perhaps be found only along the coast and in the river valleys. New Haven, 14 July, 1904 ( W. E. B.). T. tridentatum Packard. Length about 8 mm. Pubescence white; males without a spine on the posterior trochanter; front with rather large, close punctures ; ocelli separated from the inner margin of the eye by about their width. This species has also been recorded from the State. Its general distribution is more southern, however, and it may also be restricted to the coast and river valleys. T. frigidum Smith. Length about 8 mm. Entirely black. This is a northern species and has been taken at Bran ford, June 1905 (H. L. V.). °T. bidentatum Fox. Closely allied to frigidum and has a similar distribution, so will no doubt be found in the State. Mellinin^e, Mellinus Fabricius. The habits of the American species of this genus have not as yet been worked out, but the European species, M. arvensis, nests in sand and provisions its nest with small Diptera, including Stomoxys calcitrans (the stable fly). °M. bimaculatus Harris. Not as yet taken in the State but no doubt occurs there. Length about 9 mm. Clypeus with a low produced portion which is sub-tridentate ; third antennal joint very little longer than the fourth ; head and thorax finely granular, opaque ; abdomen shin- ing; dorsal aspect of the propodeum with a U-shaped area. Black ; inner margins of eyes, line on pronotum, two spots on the third dorsal segment, and legs in part yellow. Wings hyaline. 678 connecticut geol. and nat. hist. survey. [bull. Sphecin^e. The wasps of this subfamily are very easily recognized. The posterior orbits are usually much narrower than the diameter of the eye. The inner margins of the eyes are parallel or subparal- lel. The pronotum in all our species is transverse. The propo- deum is long, with the spiracle placed about one fourth (or a greater distance) of the length of the propodeum from the meta- notum. The abdomen is always petiolate. In some species the petiole is composed of the entire first and part of the second segment, so it is very long and has given these insects the common name " thread-waisted wasps." There are always three cubital cells in our species. The body is usually black with yellow or reddish markings, and is often clothed with hair. The antennae are near the middle of the face. The clypeus is long and narrow dorsally. The habits of these wasps are varied. Some of them nest in the ground, while others construct nests of mud and are often called mud-daubers. Some of them provision their nests with spiders, others with Lepidopterous larvae, while still others use Orthopterous insects. For an interesting account of the habits of certain species see the Peckhams' book on Solitary Wasps. Key to Tribes. 1. Second and third cubital cells each receiving a recurrent vein; propodeum without a U-shaped area on dorsal surface chlorionini p. 678 Second cubital cell receiving both recurrent veins 2 2. Propodeum without a U-shaped dorsal area sphecini p. 680 Propodeum with a U-shaped dorsal area sceliphronini p. 682 CHLORIONINI. Chlorion Latreille. According to current views there is but one genus in the tribe Chlorionini. This genus, Chlorion, may be divided into a number of subgenera, the following of which occur within the limits of the State. Key to Subgenera. 1. Second cubital cell wider than long 2 Second cubital cell longer than wide 3 2. Claws with one inner tooth Chlorion p. 679 Claws with three to six teeth Priononyx p. 679 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 679 3. Stigmatal groove wanting Isodontia p. 679 Stigmatal groove present ' Ammobia p. 680 Subgenus Chlorion Latreille (s. str.). *C. (C.) cyaneum var. serarium Patton. Bronze- or purplish-blue. This beautiful form provisions its nest with crickets. Type locality: Plainville, 30 August, 1871. Subgenus Priononyx Dahlbom. Key to Species. Abdomen ferruginous or yellowish; male with sixth sternite broadly excavated on apical margin bifoveolatum Abdomen dark brown or black; sixth sternite of male simple atratum °C. (P.) atratum LePeletier, Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 20. For notes on the habits of this species see " The Solitary Wasps," p. 171. C. (P.) bifoveolatum Taschenberg. Howard, Insect Book, PI. xi, Fig. 23. Milford (George Dimmock). Subgenus Isodontia Patton. Key to Species. 1. Mandibles with two teeth macrocephalum Mandibles with three teeth 2 2. Legs black harrisi Legs more or less yellowish auripes C. (I.) auripes Fernald. This species, which has been taken at Branford, 19 September, 1904, by H. W. Winkley, is of southern distribution and will probably be restricted to the Carolinian area of the State. °C. (I.) macrocephalum Fox. C. (I.) harrisi Fernald. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vii, Fig. 1. This modest colored species will probably be found throughout the State; at present it is only known from New Haven, 13 July, 1904 (P. L. B.), 25 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). 680 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Subgenus Ammobia Billberg. Key to Species. Abdomen and legs black; wings blackish pennsylvanicum Abdomen in part and legs red or reddish; wings subhyaline ichneumoneum C. (A.) ichneumoneum Linnaeus. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 1 8. For an interesting account of the habits of this species see chapter 2 of Peckhams' " The Solitary Wasps." The nests are provisioned with grasshoppers. Common throughout the State, appearing in June and remain- ing until October, when it is a conspicuous visitor of the flowers of sumac, Clematis, Asclepias, mint and Cecmothus. Branford, Hartford, New Haven, and Stonington. C. (A.) pennsylvanicum Linnaeus. Howard, Insect Book, pi. vii, Fig. 20. This species has been taken at New Haven but probably has a much wider distribution. SPHECINI. The wasps belonging to this tribe used to be, and by some still are, designated by the name Ammophila. Unfortunately it was necessary to sink the generic name Ammophila, and replace it by the Linnasan name Sphex, which had been previously used for the insects treated as Chlorion, subgenus Ammobia, in this report. The nomenclatural change is very unfortunate, but entirely unavoidable. Sphex Linnaeus. This genus, as far as the forms in the region under considera- tion are concerned, may be divided into two subgenera on char- acters found in the abdomen. The species of North America are being revised by Dr. H. T. Fernald and it is very likely that a number of changes in the names will be made by this writer. In view of this forthcoming revision, the following table is adapted from " Synopsis of the North American Species of Ammophila," by A. L. Melander, with no changes or additional characters. This will probably necessitate fewer changes to accord with Femald's revision. The species of this genus provision their 1 :--:! with lepidopterous larvae and are often useful in de- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 68l stroying injurious insects belonging to this order. An interesting account of Sphex and her caterpillars, with a number of figures, will be found in Chapter i of Peckham's " The Solitary Wasps." Key to Subgenera. Petiole of abdomen part of first segment Psammophila p. 681 Petiole of abdomen composed of entire first and part of second segment Sphex p. 68r Subgenus Psammophila Dahlbom. Key to Species. Body black or with a faint bluish tinge; mesonotum shining, transversely striate ' luctuosa Abdomen partly reddish; mesonotum transversely striate; petiole extending beyond apex of hind trochanters violaceipennis °S. (P.) luctuosa Smith. This and the following species will no doubt be found within the State, but no positive date is available of their having been taken there. °S. (P.) violaceipennis LePeletier. Subgenus Sphex Linnaeus (s. sir.). So far only one species has been recorded from the State, but many more occur there, no doubt. Key to Species. 1. Mesonotum with complete transverse stria; 2 Mesonotum punctate, smooth or incompletely transversely striate „ 3 2. Pleurae with silvery spots; abdomen black abbreviata Pleurae with elongate silvery marks; abdomen in part red; dorsal aspect of propodeum with some oblique striae, .procera 3. Wings yellowish or fulvous; head and thorax with matted black pubescence, a spot of golden pubescence above bases of mid and hind coxae extrematata Wings not yellowish, subhyaline or darker 3 4. Pleurae without pubescent markings, .extrematata var. pictipennis Pleurae with pubescent markings 5 5. Mesonotum with appressed sericeous pubescence and erect hairs 6 Mesonotum without appressed pubescence but with erect hairs 7 682 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 6. Abdomen entirely black abbreviata Abdomen in part red arvensis 7. Thorax clothed with cinereous pubescence; dorsal aspect of propodeum with oblique striae from a median raised line vulgaris Thorax without cinereous pubescence; mesonotum strigose or very closely punctate near sides urnaria S. (S.) abbreviata Fabricius. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vii, Fig. 9. Recorded from the State, but without definite locality. °S. (S.) arvensis LePeletier. °S. (S.) extrematata Cresson. °S. (S.) extrematata var. pictipennis Walsh. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vii, Fig. 7. °S. (S.) procera Klug. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 15. °S. (S.) urnaria Klug. S. (S.) vulgaris Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vii, Fig. 5- SCELIPHRONINI. The members of this tribe are easily recognized by the U- shaped area on the dorsal aspect of the propodeum. They pro- vision their nests, which are mud cells, with spiders. The species are common and are commonly called " mud-daubers." Key to Genera. Petiole scarcely longer than propodeum, metallic blue or violaceous Chalybion p. 682 Petiole about twice length of propodeum, black and yellow, not metallic Sceliphron p. 682 Chalybion Dahlbom. C. caeruleum (Linnaeus). Blue Mud Wasp. Howard Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 22 (as genus Chlorion). This handsome, common species occurs throughout the State. It uses the following three species of Epeira most frequently as food for its young : E. strix, E. vulgaris, and E. juniperi. Berlin Branford, and New Haven. Sceliphron Klug. S. caementarius Drury. Mud-dauber. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 14. NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 683 At present all eastern specimens, composed of variously marked forms, of the common black and yellow mud-dauber are considered to belong to this species, although a number of varietal names have been given. It occurs throughout the State. Bran- ford, Colebrook, and New Haven. Larrin^e. The insects of this subfamily nest in the ground, and provision their nests with Orthoptera. In the field they are active and often difficult to net. They may be separated into two tribes as follows : Key to Tribes. Posterior ocelli perfect; inner margins of eyes subparallel; pronotum trilobed dorsally lyrodini p. 683 Posterior ocelli imperfect, flattened; inner margins of eyes strongly converging above; pronotum simple larrini p. 684 LYRODINI. This tribe is represented in our region by only the typical genus which may easily be recognized by the foregoing table. Lyroda Say. There are but three species of this genus known from the United States, and only two of these occur in the East, the third being known from the unique type which was collected in Colorado. The apical abdominal segments are clothed with pile. The female is without a tarsal comb. Key to Species. Wings very dark fuscous; dorsal aspect of propodeum with- out a longitudinal carina; clypeus of male not dentate laterally, of female bidentate triloba Wings hyaline, apex dusky; dorsal aspect of propodeum with a longitudinal carina; clypeus tridentate laterally subita L. triloba Say. This species, which is larger than the following, is easily recognized. Branford, 20 August, 1905 (H. W. W.). L. subita Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. vi, Fig. 5. This interesting, easily recognized little wasp feeds its young from day to day with crickets of the genus Nemobius. The nest 684 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. is made in sand. The cricket is held, according to Packard, by the clasping of the base of the antennae between the base of the mandibles and the clypeus. The minute teeth on the clypeus pre- vent the antennae from slipping. When protecting its nest or when carrying prey the wasp appears nervous and agitated. East Hartford, 9 August, 1904 (P. L. B.) ; New Haven, 14 August, 1906 ( W. E. B.). LARRINI. These wasps are black or black and reddish and usually clothed with fine pile, which often forms transverse bands on the abdomen. They nest in the sand and as far as the records show seem to prefer the grasshoppers as food for their larvae. Key to Genera. 1. Front very strongly raised, so there is a transverse ridge below anterior ocellus; lateral ocelli linear; pygidium with silvery pile Notogonidea p. 684 Front not strongly raised, there being no transverse ridge below anterior ocellus 2 2. Lateral ocelli oval or elongate oval in outline; front not raised along inner margins of eyes; pygidium without pile Tachysphex p. 686 Lateral ocelli larger dorsally so they appear hooked 3 3. Front slightly raised along inner margins of eyes; pygidium without pile Larropsis p. 684 Front not raised along inner margins of eyes; pygidium clothed with pile Tachytes p. 685 Notogonidea Rohwer. °N. argentata (Beauvois). Wings subhy aline, apical margin fuscous, body black; head, thorax and legs with silvery pile as are also the apical margins of the first to fourth dorsal abdominal segments. This common species, though it has not as yet been taken within the State, will surely be found there. According to Ashmead, it makes a clay cell which it provisions with immature crickets. Larropsis Patton. L. distincta (Smith). Wings subhyaline ; abdomen black or black and red. Female : interorbital line less than the length of the second and third anten- No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 685 nal joints; lateral anterior margin of the clypeus bidentate; first joint of the flagellum distinctly shorter than the second. Male: interorbital line less than the length of the second and third antennal joints ; first joint of the flagellum one third shorter than the second. Found throughout the State and has been taken on flowers of goldenrod and Erechtites hieracifolium. Tachytes Panzer. The wasps belonging to this genus are often very handsome with their silvery or golden markings on the black body. They nest in sand and provision their nest with grasshoppers. For an account of one species of this genus see " The Solitary Wasps," p. 167. Mr. Fox in his revision of the species of this genus divided them into two groups. All the species treated here belong to the first group, which is characterized as follows: " Fore coxse of male simple, the fore femora of the same sex, be- neath at base, entire; thorax of female generally densely pubes- cent. Appearance bee-like." Key to Species. 1. Females 2 Males 6 2. Anterior margin of clypeus not produced into a lobe: ab- domen black with three dorsal silver bands; longer spur of hind tibiae subequal with the hind basitarsi; front golden , crassus Anterior margin of clypeus produced into a large quadrate tooth 13 3. Propodeum with a strong median sulcus, dorsally 4 Propodeum with at most a faint median sulcus, dorsally. . 5 4. Third joint of antennae subequal in length with fourth; front and thorax with silvery gray pubescence calcaratus Third antennal joint about one fourth longer than fourth; dorsal aspect of propodeum granular; thorax with grayish pubescence harpax 5. Pygidium with a coppery lustre; scutellum scarcely im- pressed; sulcus of propodeum very wide mandibularis Pygidium silvery, scutellum distinctly impressed; sulcus of propodeum narrow breviventris 6. Basal joints of the flagellum not rounded out beneath; apical joints of antennae normal; apex of femora, the tibiae and tarsi yellow-ferruginous crassus 686 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Basal joints of antennae distinctly rounded out beneath; apical joints normal 7 7. Median anterior margin of clypeus produced into a lobe, which is strong but not tuberculate; dorsal aspect of pro- podeum distinctly sulcate breviventris Median anterior margin of clypeus not produced into a lobe 8 8. Last tergite tufted laterally with dark hair; head and thorax with golden pubescence; third and fourth antennal joints subequal; emargination of last sternite very narrow . .harpax Last tergite not tufted laterally with black hair 9 9. Hind tarsi not spinose; lateral teeth of clypeus large and dis- tinct mandibularis Hind tarsi distinctly spinose; third antennal joint not shorter than second; abdomen black; longer spur of hind tibiae longer than hind basitarsi calcaratus T. breviventris Cresson. Rockville, 23 August, 1905 (H. L. V.)- T. calcaratus Fox. New Haven, 23 August, 1906 (P. L. B.). °T. crassus Patton. Probably confined to the coast and river valleys of the State. T. harpax Patton. Recorded from the State without definite locality, but will probably be found throughout the entire area. °T. mandibularis Patton. Probably the same distribution as crassus. Tachysphex Kohl. The species of the genus Tachysphex may be easily distin- guished from the species belonging to the other genera which occur in the region covered by this report, by the characters given in the foregoing table. The species of this genus, like other members of Larrini, are sand-loving wasps and may often be found in abundance in some sandy place near a stream. In the experience of the writer the species of Tachysphex visit flowers less frequently than other members of the tribe Larrini. Only one species has as yet been taken within the State, but a number more will no doubt be found there when the Sphecoid fauna has been carefully exploited. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 687 Key to Species. 1. Females 2 Males 6 2. Abdomen entirely red or red and black 3 Abdomen black or with only apical segments red 4 3. Dorsal aspect of the propodeum coarsely wrinkled, .quebecensis Dorsal aspect of propodeum granular tarsatus 4. Interorbital line less than length of antennal joints three and four united acutus Interorbital line greater than or equal to length of third and fourth antennal joints 5 5. Dorsal aspect of propodeum granular; usually two apical abdominal segments red terminatus Dorsal aspect of propodeum strongly reticulate; usually only apical abdominal segment red apicalis 6. Abdomen red or red and black 7 Abdomen black or with the apical segments red 8 7. Interorbital line subequal in length with third and fourth antennal joints; abdomen red; dorsal aspect of propodeum granular tarsatus Interorbital line less than length of third and fourth antennal joints; abdomen red and black; dorsal aspect of propodeum wrinkled quebecensis 8. Abdomen ventrally rather strongly punctate; sides of pro- podeum coarsely striate apicalis Abdomen ventrally finely punctate; sides of propodeum finely striate 9 9. Front coarsely sculptured fuscus Front rather finely sculptured terminatus °T. acutus Patton. T. apicalis Fox. Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). °T. quebecensis Provancher. °T. tarsatus Say. °T. terminatus Smith. °T. fuscus Fox. Astatine. The wasps belonging to this subfamily are rather small, seldom more than 12 mm. in length. They are usually black or black and red. The eyes of the female converge but little toward the vertex, while the male is often holoptic. These little wasps nest in the ground and provision their nests with Homoptera. 688 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. For an account of the habits of our two species see Peckham, Bull. 2, Wisconsin Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv., 1898, pp. 88-98. Astata Latreille. Key to Species. Abdomen black unicolor Abdomen red bicolor A. unicolor Say. Length about 10 mm. ; third antennal joint longer than fourth ; mesoscutum with small, well separated punctures ; dorsal aspect of propodeum obliquely striato-reticulate ; wings hyaline, fuscous apically. A. bicolor Say. Length about 9 mm. ; third antennal joint but very little longer than fourth; dorsal aspect of propodeum reticulate; wings hyaline. Both of the above species have been recorded from the State but no definite locality is known for either. Pemphredonin^e. As treated here this subfamily includes genera which have heretofore been widely separated. Key to Tribes. Eyes small, their inner margins subparallel or converging to clypeus; head usually quadrate or subquadrate, well de- veloped behind eyes; species shining; episternauli present except in Spilomena; usually nest in wood pemphredonini p. 688 Eyes large, their inner margins converging to vertex; head subtransverse, scarcely developed behind eyes; species opaque; episternauli wanting; nest in sand. . .miscophini p. 691 PEMPHREDONINI. Key to Genera. 1. Anterior wings with only one recurrent vein 2 Anterior wings with two recurrent veins 3 2. Abdomen with a distinct petiole; episternauli present.... Stigmus p. 689 Abdomen without a petiole; episternauli wanting Spilomena p. 689 3. Abdomen sessile Passalocceus p. 689 Abdomen petiolate Pemphredon p. 690 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 689 Stigmus Panzer. The species of this genus are small, active, black wasps which provision their nests, which are made in stems, or stumps, with aphids. The only species found within the limits of the State may be characterized as follows : S. americanus Packard. Head seen from above nearly quadrate; ocelloccipital line three or more times as long as the postocellar line; upper lateral margin of the pronotum not dentate; sides of the pronotum dentate ; pygidium subequal in length with the basal width. New Haven, 3 July, 1904; Momaguin, 5 August, 1905 (W. E. B.). Bred from Rhus sp., collected, New Haven, 24 January, 191 1 (A. B. C, B. H. W.). This species is preyed upon by Otnalus corrusccms. Spilomena Shuckard. The habits of the species of this genus are probably similar to those of the genus Stigmus. Only one species is known to occur in the eastern United States. S. pusilla Say. Black with testaceous legs. Waterbury ; Branford, 11 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). Passalcecus Shuckard. As far as known the species of this genus make their nests in rotten wood, decaying bark, in the galleries of wood-boring insects, or in hollow stems of plants, and provision the same with aphids or other small insects. According to observations made by Westwood, two of the European species carry the aphids used in provisioning their nests, with their mandibles. Only one species has as yet been found in the State. P. annulatus Say. Third antennal joint subequal with (female) or much shorter than (male) the fourth; the impressed lines on the mesoscutum strongly foveolate; antennae of the male rounded out beneath, long, slender. Black; scape beneath, mandibles (except apices), tubercules and male flagellum beneath, white or yellowish white ; part of femora, all the tibia and tarsi testaceous. 44 69O CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. New Haven, 26 June, 1905, on pear tree (H. L. V.). Has been recorded as nesting in the bark of pine trees, lining its nest with clay. Pemphredon Latreille. As far as known the habits of the species of the genus Pem- phredon conform in the main with those of the genus Passalce- cus, but according to the records known at present the members of the former genus prefer decaying wood for places to make their nests. They also use aphids as the food for their larvae. The species falling in this genus may be divided into sub- genera, but for the purpose of this paper the division is unneces- sary for the small number of species known to occur in Con- necticut. Key to Species. 1. First cubital cell receiving only one recurrent vein; meso- scutum with strong transverse wrinkles 2 First cubital cell receiving both recurrent veins 3 2. Petiole nearly as long as first two joints of hind tarsi; anterior margin of clypeus, in female, subtruncate in mid- dle; head of male much narrowed behind, not twice as broad as median length concolor Petiole subequal in length with first joint of hind tarsi; anterior margin of clypeus, in female, angulate in middle; head of male not much narrowed behind, fully twice as long as median length angularis 3. Mesoscutum of female with large, very close punctures; head of male very transverse, twice as broad as median length inornatus Mesoscutum of female with large, widely separated punc- tures; head of male nearly quadrate, not nearly twice as broad as median length tenax P. inornatus Say. North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). P. tenax Fox. North Haven, 3 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). °P. concolor Say. The male of this and the following species hav- the flagellum simple, the propodeal enclosure rugose, and the clypeus with a wide emargination. °P. angularis Fox. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 69 1 MISCOPHINI. This tribe is represented in the eastern United States by the genus Pleno cuius. Plenoculus Fox. P. atlanticus Viereck. Male: length 4.5 mm. Inner margins of the eyes distinctly diverging below; anterior margin of the clypeus rounded, with two widely separated teeth near the middle; median furrow distinct; ocelli in an acute triangle, the postocellar line subequal to the ocellocular line; antennae rather short, the third, fourth and fifth joints subequal in length ; head and thorax dull, finely closely punctate; dorsal aspect of the propodeum finely trans- versely striate, with a median longitudinal furrow ; sides of the propodeum obliquely striato-granular ; abdomen dull, finely granular, the apex of the three basal segments narrowly depressed. Black; clypeus, mandibles (except piceous apices), scape in front, tubercules, tegulse, femora beneath toward apex, and all the tibiae and tarsi yellow. Wings hyaline, iridescent; venation brown. Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). BEMBECIDAE. In the absence of the prepectus the wasps of this family resemble most of the Apoidea. The family Bembecidae of the present classification is the Bembecidae and Stizidae of Ashmead's arrangement or the " Gat- tungsgruppe " Bembex of Kohl's system. The wasps belonging to this family have a habitus of their own and are easily distin- guished from all other wasps by the characters used in the table. They are smooth-bodied and have a transverse head. There are always three cubital cells, the second of which receives both the recurrent veins and in all our species is broad on the radius. These wasps nest in the ground and provision their nests with Diptera or in one case Homoptera. Often they nest in colonies in sunny, sandy places, although many of the species are solitaray in their nesting habits and often very shy. Some of the shyer species are very difficult to catch and offer good sport. The family may be divided into two well defined, but allied subfamilies. The following characters will serve to separate these groups : 692 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Key to Subfamilies. Labrum small, very much shorter than the dorso-ventral length of clypeus; intermediate tibiae with two apical spurs Stizin^e p. 692 Labrum very large, often longer than the dorso-ventral length of clypeus; intermediate tibiae with one apical spur Bembecin;e p. 692 Stizin^e. This subfamily is represented in the State by a single species. Sphecius Dahlbom. S. speciosus (Drury). Giant Sand Wasp. PI. viii, Fig. 15. Howard, Insect Book, PI. v, Fig. 21 : Figs. 7-12. This is the largest Sphecoid known from the eastern United States. It is large, robust, often more than 30 mm. long. It may be briefly described as follows : Eyes slightly converging toward the clypeus ; facial quadrangle narrow, at the antennae the width is not as great as the diameter of the eye at the same place ; ocelli in a low triangle, the anterior one the largest ; flagellum thickened apically; posterior calcaria flat, the longer one strongly curved. Black; clypeus, a spot above labrum, mandibles (except piceous apices), scape, spot on inner orbits, line on pronotum, tubercules, and spots on the first three abdominal segments, yellow ; scutellum, and mesoscutum sometimes, rufous ; wings yellowish hyaline, ven- ation ferruginous. This species has often been called " the Cicada-killer " be- cause it preys on Cicadae. Ashmead records it as provisioning its nest, which is in sand, with the following: Cicada dorsata, C. tibicen and C. marginata. The original account of the habits of this interesting species was published by Riley in " Insect Life," Vol. 4, p. 248, Figs. 32-38. On record from New Haven, August, 1905, and has been taken by F. Knab at Milford on 15 August, 1900. The species is sometimes very common locally, and often plays an important role in the reduction of Cicadae. Other species of this genus occur in the Western States. Bembecin^:. Key to Genera I. Mandibles simple; maxillary palpi 3-jointed, labial palpi 1- jointed Microbembex p. 693 Mandibles armed with a tooth within; palpi different 2 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 693 2. Propodeum emarginate posteriorly Bembidula p. 693 Propodeum not emarginate posteriorly, straight or convex. . 3 3. Anterior ocellus round or reniform; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, labial palpi 4-jointed Stictia Anterior ocellus linear; maxillary palpi 4-jointed, labial palpi 2-jointed Bembex p. 694 Microbembex Patton. M. monodonta (Say). Under this name a number of distinct forms have been grouped. The species has been recorded from the State and has been taken in July and August. At present it is impossible to tell to which form the record applies. The true monodonta is black with greenish-white markings ; the pleurse black, and meso- scutum also ; the wings are slightly dusky. Nothing has been published on the habits of these wasps. Some of the western forms appear to nest in colonies, while it seems probable that the eastern monodonta, nests singly or in very small colonies. Bembidula Burmeister. This genus is readily separated from the other genera of Bem- becinse by the emarginate propodeum. The maxillary palpi are 6-jointed, the labial palpi 4-jointed. The anterior ocellus is linear or transverse and curved. The habits of our species have as yet not been worked out. Key to Species. Length about 18 mm.; metanotum black; abdominal spots much wider at the sides quadrifasciata Length about 14 mm.; metanotum with yellow spots; ab- dominal spots not, or but very slightly, wider at sides . . . ventralis °B. quadrifasciata Say. Last dorsal abdominal segment of the female is ridged later- ally ; intermediate femora of the male simple. This species is widely distributed and should occur in the State. B. ventralis Say. Last dorsal abdominal segment of the female is not ridged laterally ; the intermediate femora of the male are produced into a tooth beneath. 694 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. This species is rather common locally. It has been taken at New Haven and Salisbury in July and August. Bembex Fabricius. B. spinolae LePeletier. PI. x, Fig. 4; Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 24. Length about 16 mm. Labrum not depressed basally ; in the male the intermediate tarsi are longer than their tibiae, and the seventh ventral segment is normal. Black; clypeus, spot above, labrum, mandibles (except piceous apices), scape in front, spot on inner orbits, line on pronotum, tubercules, tegulae, and legs below the middle of the femora, yellow; bands on the dorsal abdominal segments (slightly interrupted in the middle of the first segment, and wavy on the following segments) greenish-white; wings clear hyaline, venation pale brown. For an interesting account of the habits of this species see Chapter vi of Peckham's " Solitary Wasps." New Haven (W. E. B., B. H. W.) ; Plainfield, 14 August, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). CERCERID^E. The species belonging to this family have usually been placed with the Philanthinse. Dr. Ashmead separated them as a distinct subfamily, but left them close to Philanthus. The absence of the prepectus in Cerceris easily separates it from Philanthus or any of the Philanthinas. In the thorax, especially the mesothorax, Cerceris recalls bees of the genus Nomada. The wasps belonging to the genus Cerceris make solitary nests in the ground which they provision with beetles. Some of the American species are known to prey on injurious weevils and are therefore beneficial. According to the Peckhams, the species of Cerceris are very shy, and difficult to study. For an interesting account of the habits of three of our species the reader is referred to Chapter xi, " Some Grave Diggers," of Peckham's " The Solitary Wasps." Mr. Nathan Banks has recently tabulated the species of the eastern United States and described a number of new ones. The following table is adapted from the one given by Mr. Banks. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. fW Cerceris Latreille. Key to Species. 1. Males Females Q 2. Hind femora pale at base and black at apex 3 Hind femora black, pale, or black at base and pale at apex 6 3- Propodeal enclosure broad, almost entirely smooth; lateral spots on first segment of abdomen; clypeus swollen out transversely above middle fasciola Propodeal enclosure striate 4 4. Clypeus flat, broadly truncate in front, with a transverse de- pression before apex; face only slightly hairy; first dorsal abdominal segment with spots; last ventral segment only slightly emarginate at tip deserta Clypeus convex, rather rounded below and with no trans- verse depression before apex 5 5. Enclosure finely evenly striate; abdomen very slender, first segment narrow; usually but four or five teeth above on hind tibia imitatoria Enclosure more coarsely striate; abdomen broader, more coarsely punctate; six to eight teeth above on hind tibia clypeata 6. Scutellum not pale, but metanotum yellow; wings black.... fumipennis Scutellum marked with pale; wings hyaline or subhyaline.. 7 7. A tooth or a ridge on each side of mesosternum; hind femora black ; no stripes on propodeum compar No tooth or ridge on mesosternum 8 8. Metanotum black; apical joint of antennae longer than pre- ceding, and concave within at tip robertsoni Metanotum yellow; apical joint of antennae subequal with preceding compacta 9. Clypeus more or less swollen, but without an elevation with a free apical edge I0 Clypeus with an elevation or process which has a free apical edge * • • ll 10. Wings black; abdomen with exception of second segment (in part) black fumipennis Wings subhyaline; abdominal segments with pale bands... fulvipediculata 11. Clypeal process erect and as long as broad clypeata Clypeal process broader than long or not erect 12 12. A lamella from tip of clypeal process 13 No lamella from tip of clypeal process 14 13. Clypeal lamellae small, not half the width of the process robertsoni 696 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Clypeal lamellae large, extending nearly the entire width of the process compacta 14. Scutellum yellow; clypeal process small compar Scutellum black; metanotum yellow 15 15. Yellow spot on base of mandibles; clypeal process broad, emarginate interiorly; hind femora black apically . ...fasciola Mandibles black 16 16. Clypeal process deeply emarginate, angles strongly produced; propodeal enclosure finely striate; spots on first tergite connate dentifrons Clypeal process not or only slightly emarginate apically.... 17 17. Clypeal process not emarginate; stigma yellowish; propodeal enclosure mostly smooth deserta Clypeal process slightly emarginate; stigma brown, propodeal enclosure finely striate arelate °C. arelate Banks. This species has been taken in New Hampshire and Virginia and will probably be found within the region covered by this report. C. clypeata Dahlbom. Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 14. Has been taken at Branford, New Haven, and Hartford from June to August. °C. compacta Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 34. C. compar Cresson. Occurs throughout the State and has been taken in New Haven on flowers of New Jersey tea and in Scotland on Spircca salicifolia; also, Putnam, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). C. dentifrons Cresson. Hartford, 15 September, 1895 (S. N. D.) ; Stonington, 26 July, 1906 (J. A. Hyslop) ; Lyme, 28 August, 1910 (A. B. C). C. deserta Say. New Haven, 27 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 16 August, 1904 (B. H. W.) ; 14 August, 1906 (P. L. B.). C. fasciola Cresson. Rockville, 23 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). C. fulvipediculata Schletterer. C. fulvipes Cresson. Hartford, 3 September, 1892, New Haven (S. N. D.), 16 August, 1904 (B. H. W.). 'C. fumipennis Say 01 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 697 C. imitatoria Schletterer. C. imitator Cresson. Occurs throughout the State, and has been taken at New Haven, Colebrook, Putnam, Scotland and Thompson, in June and July. C. robertsoni Fox. * Hartford, 30 July, 1893 (S. N. D.). 698 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. APOIDEA* To this superfamily belong insects like the honey-bee, the habits of which are quite diverse, as can be seen by a perusal of the remarks under the family headings in the following pages. Key to Families. 1. Females and most males with a flat triangular area on apical dorsal abdominal segment 2 Females and most males without a flat triangular area on apical dorsal abdominal segment 10 2. Clypeus hardly protuberant, and mandibles not commonly beveled; labrum concealed except at base, and provided with a basal process or raised area; posterior angle of man- dible not in front of posterior margin of eye; metathorax produced beyond postscutel, in profile at least strongly convex, usually with a posterior and a dorsal space; tongue acute, flat, rarely filiform; labial palpi with first joint vary- ing in size and shape but with second, third, and fourth joints simple 3 Clypeus protuberant, or mandibles beveled so as to show all of labrum or a great portion of it; labrum large, without a basal process; posterior angle of mandible before pos- terior line of eye; thorax in profile declining beyond scutel; postscutel on posterior face of thorax, metathorax at most a little convex; tongue filiform; first and second joints of labial palpi flat 7 3. Labrum not free from mandibles and not as large as clypeus 4 Labrum free from mandibles and as large as clypeus DUFOUREID/E p. 720 4. Hind metatarsus invariably narrower than tibia 5 Hind tibia and metatarsus of equal breadth MACROPID/E p. 720 5. Marginal cell acute toward front edge of wing 6 Marginal cell truncate toward front edge of wing panurgid;e p. 721 6. Basal vein forming more or less perfectly an arc of a circle; face with no pubescent depressions or fovese HALICTID^ p. 699 *The classification here adopted is a modification of Charles Robertson's admirable classification of the bees of Carlinville, Illinois. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 699 Basal vein forming a more or less perfectly straight line; face with pubescent depressions or foveas, at least in female ANDRENID^ p. 709 7. First portion of subdiscoidal vein distinctly longer than third portion of discoidal vein 8 First portion of subdiscoidal vein shorter than third portion of discoidal vein NOMADID^ p. 722 8. Marginal cell bent away from costal vein 9 Marginal cell not bent away from costal vein anthophorid;e p. 735 9. Vertex crested EUCERID^ p. 730 Vertex not crested EMPHORID;£ p. 734 10. Second recurrent vein bent or directed outward before join- ing first portion of subdiscoidal vein; tongue flat, bilobed; depressions or foveae on face 11 Second recurrent vein never strongly bent or directed out- ward before joining first portion of subdiscoidal vein; tongue filiform; no depressions or foveae on face 12 11. Wings with two closed submarginal cells; black with yellow markings H YL^ID^ p. 737 Wings with three closed submarginal cells; black without yellow markings COLLETIDiE p. 739 12. Wings with two submarginal cells 13 Wings with three submarginal cells 14 13. Claws cleft, inner tooth subapical STELIDID^E p. 741 Claws simple, or in some species with a basal tooth MEGACHILID.E p. 741 14. Apex of sixth dorsal abdominal segment in female with a spine 15 Apex of sixth dorsal abdominal segment in female without a spine; first submarginal cell shorter than second; cheek or malar space distinct APID^E p. 754 15. First submarginal cell longer than second, and as long as third CERATINID^E p. 753 First submarginal cell shorter than second XYLOCOPID.E p. 753 halictid;e. To this division of bees belong what are known as sweat-bees. They range in color from stramineous to black, and some have metallic blue, green, brassy, or coppery hues ; others have more or less red or yellow in the ground color or markings. In size each species is quite constant within certain limits. The largest species is hardly more than 12 mm. in length, and the smallest scarcely less than 5 mm. 700 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Key to Genera. Females. 1. Veins of front wings, beyond first recurrent vein, not obsoles- cent, but distinct like other veins 2 Veins of front wings, beyond first recurrent vein, obsolescent Halictus p. 700 2. Labrum flat, ciliate; rima on fifth abdominal segment absent Sphecodes p. 708 Labrum produced at apex, laterally compressed, pectinate; rima present Halictus p. 700 Males. 1. Abdominal segments without apical pubescent fasciae 2 Abdominal segments with apical pubescent fasciae Halictus p. 700 2. Head and thorax black 3 Head and thorax not black Halictus p. 700 3. Clypeus black, rather densely pubescent Sphecodes p. 708 Clypeus with a yellowish mark anteriorly, or black and thinly pubescent Halictus p. 700 Halictus Latreille. Key to Species. Females. 1. Veins of fore wing beyond first recurrent vein distinct like other veins; labrum. produced at apex and laterally com- pressed, pectinate; rima present on fifth abdominal seg- ment 2 Veins of fore wing beyond first recurrent vein, or some of them, obsolescent 5 2. Bright golden green; segments of abdomen with basal pubes- cent fasciae or without fasciae 3 Black or dull greenish; segments of abdomen with apical pubescent fasciae 8 3. Propodeum not truncate along posterior margin or subquad- rately truncate 4 Propodeum circularly truncate along posterior margin 10 4. Hind spur of hind tibia finely serrate; hind knee-plate present 12 Hind spur of hind tibia with four to six teeth; hind knee- plate absent; second abdominal segment shining, sparsely punctate, hardly ciliate viridissimus 5. Fore wings with second cubital vein absent or obsolescent.. 6 Fore wings with second cubital vein neither absent nor ob- solescent; propodeum rounded posteriorly, without a distinct posterior face; clypeus produced, mesonotum and propodeum smooth and lusterless coriaceus No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 7OI 6. Dull greenish or bluish; second cubital vein present 7 Black m\\ I4 7. Mandibles dentate; cheeks rounded behind 19 Mandibles simple; cheeks with a rounded angle behind, a little above middle of eye cephalicus 8. Black, sometimes inclining to reddish; hind spur of hind tibiae with about six to eight teeth 9 Dull greenish; hind spur of hind tibiae with four or five teeth provancheri 9. Cheek produced into a strong tooth-like angle posteriorly ligatus Cheek rounded, not so produced lerouxi 10. Abdomen green; mesonotum with practically all of its punc- tures of the same size 11 Abdomen black virescens 11. Propodeum strongly rugose longitudinally, without an en- closure radiatus Propodeum coarsely reticulated, with a finely rugose tri- angular space where joined to thorax proper splendens 12. Sides of mesonotum reticulated 13 Sides of mesonotum not reticulated purus 13. Larger, greener; antennae, tegulae and legs darker; hind tibiae mostly dark, blackish confusus Smaller, more brassy; antennae, tegulae and legs paler; hind tibiae almost entirely stramineous persimilis 14. Abdomen without, or with interrupted, pubescent fasciae 15 Abdomen with continuous pubescent fasciae; hind spur of hind tibiae with four or five distinct teeth 16 15. Propodeum sharply truncate along its rear margin; hind spur of hind tibiae with long distinct teeth; first abdominal seg- ment not punctate truncatus Propodeum slightly rounded along its rear margin; hind spur of hind tibiae with less distinct, more oblique, and sharper teeth than in truncatus; first abdominal segment finely punctate arcuatus 16. Propodeum without an enclosed space 17 Propodeum with an enclosed space 18 17. Propodeum densely pubescent; enclosure bare and sub- triangular nelumbonis Propodeum bare or nearly so; enclosure semicircular, .pectoralis 18. White pubescent patches on each side of second, third, and fourth abdominal segments quadrimaculatus No white pubescent patches on abdominal segments foxi 19. Tegulae punctate • 20 Tegulae not punctate 2I 702 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 20. Propodeum sharply truncate behind and with a sharp edge; wing whitish nymphaearum Propodeum hardly truncate, with a blunt edge tegularis 21. Abdomen not metallic 25 Abdomen metallic, greenish or bluish 27 22. Mesonotum shining; head not distinctly longer than broad. . 23 Mesonotum lusterless; head distinctly longer then broad .... 24 23. Dark blue caeruleus Brassy green I zephyrus 24. Wings and pubescence yellowish , ..pilosus Wings and pubescence whitish pruinosus 25. Mesonotum rather coarsely punctate 26 Mesonotum rather finely punctate; head hardly longer than broad 27 26. Wings and veins whitish albipennis Wings and veins not whitish .cressoni 27. Abdomen dark 28 Abdomen yellowish stramineous .vierecki 28. Abdomen more oval, more densely pubescent, the hairs less appressed; upper surface of propodeum not bordered by a raised line 29 Abdomen obovate; first and second segments shining, third, fourth, and fifth covered with sparse, closely appressed hairs sparsus 29. Abdomen blacker; third, fourth, and fifth dorsal abdominal segments less pubescent; raised lines of upper surface of propodeum not reaching rear margin but falling far short thereof obscurus Abdomen brown; third, fourth, and fifth dorsal abdominal segments closely pubescent versatus Males. 1. Abdominal segments without apical pubescent fasciae 2 Abdominal segments with apical pubescent fasciae 8 2. Head and thorax neither dull greenish nor bluish 3 Head and thorax dull greenish or bluish; fourth antennal joint as long as second and third combined, or nearly so; second cubital vein present 7 3. Head and thorax bright golden green 5 Head and thorax black; clypeus anteriorly with a yellowish mark, or black and thinly pubescent 4 4. Fourth antennal joint slightly shorter than second and third together; face subquadrate, apex of one mandible reaching to base of its fellow; tarsi dark coriaceus Fourth antennal joint longer than second and third together, or only slightly longer than third 14 5. Abdomen colored like head and thorax 6 Abdomen black with yellow bands I0 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 703 6. Ventral abdominal segments not rigid or retracted, dark, except sometimes middle ones; tibiae pale, at least at base and apex 12 First three ventral abdominal segments rigid, bright green, others dark, retracted; tibiae green; second abdominal seg- ment shining, sparsely punctate, hardly ciliate . . . virdissimus 7. Clypeus convex 19 Clypeus flat cephalicus 8. Body black ; femora black 9 Body dull greenish; legs yellow provancheri 9. Flagel entirely black lerouxi Flagel black above, yellow beneath ligatus 10. Abdomen with six yellow bands 1 1 Abdomen with five yellow bands; fourth ventral abdominal segment entire virescens 11. Hind metatarsi carinate; base of abdomen reddish in middle splendens Hind metatarsi not carinate; base of abdomen black in middle radiatus 12. Fourth ventral abdominal segment emarginate, not greenish 13 Fourth ventral abdominal segment not emarginate, greenish purus 13. Body green, tibiae mostly dark confusus Body brassy, tibiae almost entirely stramineous persimilis 14. Fourth antennal joint hardly longer than third 15 Fourth antennal joint longer than second and third com- bined 17 15. Anterior portion of clypeus dark; legs entirely dark 16 Anterior portion of clypeus whitish; legs partly whitish.... quadrimaculatus 16. Propodeal enclosure semicircular pectoralis Propodeal enclosure triangular nelumbonis 17. Propodeum coarsely rugose 18 Propodeum finely rugose foxi 18. First dorsal abdominal segment distinctly punctate arcuatus First dorsal abdominal segment almost impunctate truncatus 19. Tegulae punctate 20 Tegulae not punctate 2I 20. Propodeal enclosure semicircular; wings whitish, .nymphaearum Propodeal enclosure wanting; wings not whitish tegularis 21. Abdomen greenish or bluish 22 Abdomen neither greenish nor bluish 26 22. Mesonotum finely rugose, not shining, closely punctate.. 23 Mesonotum smooth and shining, finely and sparsely punctate; facial line hardly longer than transfacial line 25 23. Facial line much longer than transfacial line; apex of clypeus usually yellowish; abdomen distinctly greenish 24 704 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Facial line slightly longer than transfacial line; clypeus not yellowish; abdomen with only a slight greenish tinge.. versatus 24. Pubescence above and veins and stigma yellowish pilosus Pubescence above and veins and stigma whitish pruinosus 25. Dark blue caeruleus Greenish • zephyrus 26. Abdomen not stramineous; tibiae black except often at base and apex; sides of propodeum and pleaurae not distinctly punctate; facial line not or hardly longer than transfacial jline 27 Abdomen and tibiae almost entirely stramineous vierecki 27. Mesonotum coarsely punctate 28 Mesonotum finely punctate 29 28. Wings whitish, veins and stigma whitish albipennis Wings not whitish; propodeum coarsely reticulated, semi- circular enclosure bordered by a sharp edge cressoni 29. Mesonotum not shining 30 Mesonotum shining sparsus 30. Veins and stigma dark obscurus Veins and stigma pale versatus H. (Halictus) provancheri Dalla Torre. Occurs throughout the State, and has been taken at New Haven, Poquonock, Sachem's Head, Scotland, and Stonington, in May, June, July, August, and October. Visits the flowers of New Jersey tea (Ceanothus americanus) and goldenrod (Solidago), quince, and strawberry. H. (H.) ligatus Say. Has been taken in Branford, Milldale, New Haven, Prospect, Sachem's Head, Salisbury, and Scotland, in May, June, July, August, and October. Visits goldenrod flowers, etc. H. (H.) lerouxi LePeletier. PI. x, Fig. 7; Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 6. This species has been taken near the coast at Branford, New Haven, Sachem's Head, and Westbrook, in May, June, and July, and at Prospect in August. Visits gooseberry flowers. H. (Agapostemon) virescens Fabricius. H. viridulus Authors. Occurs all over the State, and has been taken at Branford, New Haven, North Haven, Mt. Carmel, and Prospect, in June, August, and October. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 705 H. (A.) radiatus Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. n. This species may be found everywhere in the State, and has been taken at Branford, New Haven, Mt. Carmel, and Stafford, in May, June, July, and August. It visits the flowers of golden- rod, New Jersey tea, etc. H. (A.) splendens LePeletier. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 14. This species occurs probably only in the Carolinian region of Connecticut. H. (Augochlora) viridissimus Viereck. Occurs throughout the State and has been taken in June and August visiting flowers of milkweed and sumac (Rhus glabra). Branford, 12 August, 1904; Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). H. (Oxystoglossa) purus (Say). Augochlora pura Say. Branford, 22 August, 1904 (H. W. W.). H. (O.) confusus (Robertson). Branford, 22 August, 1904 (H.W.W.). H. (O.) persimilis Viereck. H. similis Robertson, not Smith. First record for Connecticut, New Haven, 7 May, 1904 (H.L.V.), visiting flowers of sweet cherry, Japan plum, black currant and gooseberry. H. (Lasioglossum) coriaceus Smith. Occurs throughout the State and has been taken in Branford, Colebrook, New Haven, Stonington, and Westbrook, in May, June, July, and August. H. (Evylaeus) truncatus Robertson. Generally distributed throughout the commonwealth, and has been taken in Branford, Colebrook, New Haven, Rockville, and Scotland, in May, July, and August ; visits flowers of Cicuta maculata, black currant and Japan plum. H. (E.) arcuatus Robertson. Occurs throughout the State, and has been taken at New Haven, Prospect, Stonington, and Torrington, in May, June, July, and August. It visits the flowers of the goldenrod, gooseberry, black currant, Japan plum and Primus avium. 45 706 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °H. (E.) nelumbonis Robertson. H. (E.) pectoralis Smith. Is a species that has been seen only at Colebrook, where the writer captured a specimen visiting the flowers of Cicuta macu- lata, 21 July, 1905. H. (E.) quadrimaculatus Robertson. Can be found all over Connecticut and has been taken at Bran- ford, Mt. Carmel, New Haven, Sachem's Head, and Scotland, in May, June, and August. H. (E.) foxi Robertson. First record for Connecticut, Sachem's Head, Guilford, 1 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). H. (Chloralictus) nymphaearum Robertson. Has been taken at Branford, East Hartford, New Haven, North Haven, Orange, Putnam, Sachem's Head, Salisbury, Say- brook, and Scotland in June, July, and August. It visits the flowers of goldenrod. H. (C.) tcgularis Robertson. First record from Connecticut, New Haven, 22 May, 1905 (B. H. W.). H. (C.) pilosus Smith. Occurs throughout the State, and has been taken at Branford, Canterbury, East Hartford, New Haven, Putnam, Sachem's Head, Salisbury, Scotland, and Stonington, in May, July, and August. It visits the flowers of the gooseberry and sweet cherry. °H. (C.) pruinosus Robertson. H. (C.) casruleus Robertson. Has not been taken outside of the Carolinian region of the State. New Haven, 16 October, 1903, Branford, 11 August, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; East Hartford, 9 August, 1904 (B. H. W.). H. (C.) zephyrus Smith. Is on record from localities representing the entire State, and has been captured at Branford, East Hartford, New Haven, Putnam, Sachem's Head, and West Hartford, in May, June, July, and August. It visits the flowers of the red currant, black currant, sweet cherry, and apple, and is of economic importance No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. JQJ because like others of its congeners it causes fruit to set by transmitting- pollen from flower to flower in its quest after pollen and nectar. H. (C.) albipennis Robertson. First record from Connecticut, New Haven, 17 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). H. (C.) cressoni Robertson. Is on record from localities representing the entire State, and has been taken at Branford, New Haven, Putnam, and Scotland, in June, July, August, and September. H. (C.) vierecki Crawford. New Haven, 24 May 1904, 25 July 1905 (W.E.B.) ; Putnam, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). H. (C.) sparsus Robertson. Occurs all over the State, and has been taken at Branford, Brookfield, Cheshire, New Haven, Poquonock, Prospect, Putnam, Sachem's Head, Scotland, Stonington, and West Hartford, from May until September. It is one of the most common visitors of the early spring fruit blossoms, visiting in Connecticut especially the gooseberry (in great numbers), black currant, Japan plum (in great numbers), Primus avium, peach, apple, pear, and quince. H. (C.) obscurus Robertson. The first Connecticut records for this species are as follows : — Branford, 3, 11, 22 August, 1904, and (collected from peach blossoms) 11 May, 1905 (H. W. W.). H. (C.) versatus Robertson. Occurs all over the commonwealth, and has been taken at Branford, Cheshire, Milldale, New Haven, Oxford, Pomfret, Sachem's Head, and Scotland, from May until November. It visits strawberry flowers. H. (Paralictus) cephalicus Robertson. Thus far only the female of this species has been recognized. The first Connecticut record for the species is New Haven, 10 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). 708 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Sphecodes Latreille. The bees of this genus are parasitic upon species of Halictus. In addition to the head and thorax, the abdomen is in some species black, though usually more or less red in the female. Key to Species. Females. 1. Mandibles rufous, base usually largely black 2 Mandibles yellowish or reddish, with tip darker; flagel, tibiae, and tarsi dark; enclosure distinct, coarsely reticulated; labrum entire mandibularis 2. Mandibles dentate; labrum not notched; fourth joint of antennae equals or nearly equals second or third 3 Mandibles simple; labrum notched confertus 3. Vertex without a tubercle 4 Vertex with a distinct tubercle; mesonotum closely and coarsely punctate; abdomen finely and sparsely punctate; fourth and fifth segments of abdomen black, remainder red heraclei 4. Abdomen, or at least first dorsal segment thereof, impunctate or nearly so; mesonotum not sulcate; abdomen entirely red minor Abdomen rather evenly, coarsely, and distinctly punctate, fifth segment of abdomen blackish, remaining part of ab- domen red arvensis Males. 1. Fourth antennal joint about equal in length to second and third combined 2 Fourth antennal joint hardly longer than third; scutel sparsely punctate and shining; abdomen more or less reddish mandibularis 2. Third antennal joint twice as long as second; flagel notched beneath near apex; mandibles red; abdomen black, with seventh dorsal segment red, at least at apex confertus Third antennal joint not twice as long as second; fourth to thirteenth joints of flagel notched beneath and presenting distinct facets; abdomen entirely black; vertex without a tubercle; mesonotum with distinct punctures; abdomen not shining, closely punctate and closely pubescent . .arvensis S. (Drepanium) arvensis Patton. This species has been taken at Colebrook, New Haven, Rockville, Sachem's Head, Scotland, Stafford, and West Haven, in May, June, July, and August, either at random or visiting No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 709 flowers of golden-rod, sunflower, parsnip, and common meadow- sweet. S. (D.) confertus Say. 5". falcifer Patton. S. (Sphecodes) minor Robertson. Only the female of this species is known, so right here is an opportunity for original research. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.), on golden-rod (Solidago). °S. (S.) heraclei Robertson. S. (Sphecodium) mandibularis Cresson. 6". cressoni Robertson. Occurs in all parts of the State, and has been taken at Bran- ford, Colebrook, New Haven, and Stafford, in June, July, and August, visiting flowers of golden-rod (Solidago), New Jersey tea (Ceanothus atnericanus) , and common day-lily (Hemerocallis fulva). andrenim:. Andrena Fabricius. These are short-tongued burrowing bees ranging in size from 6 mm. to 15 mm. In color they are black, with a few exceptions, which are reddish, brownish, or with a metallic tinge. In this genus, as in the genus Halictus, there are species of inestimable value to man on account of their habit of pollenizing the blossoms of our most important fruits such as the apple, cherry, plum, and others. Key to Species.* Females. 1. Facial line as long as or shorter than transfacial line 2 Facial line distinctly longer than transfacial line; fovea ex- tending below antennal line; pubescence pale; anal fimbria brown bradieyi 2. Abdomen with second dorsal segment impressed less than one-half distance from base to apex 3 Abdomen with second dorsal segment impressed one-half or more than one-half *5 3. First joint of flagel shorter than next two joints combined.. 4 First joint of flagel as long as or longer than next two joints combined " ♦Published by the author in Entomological News, Vol. xviii, p. 280, July, 1907. Reproduced here with slight changes. yiO CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 4. Clypeal punctures not adjoining; facial fovea more than one- half as wide as distance between eys and lateral ocellus and extending below antennal line; wings dark brownish; pubescence whitish 5 Clypeal punctures adjoining or apparently so daeckei 5. Enclosure closely wrinkled crataegi Enclosure with several widely separated striae. .. . alleghaniensis 6. Facial foveae not separated from eye margin by a narrow space, only a shining line intervening in some species .... 7 Facial foveae separated from eye margin by a narrow space; facial fovea more than one-half as wide as distance be- tween eye and lateral ocellus; facial foveas extending below antennal line; hairs of outer side of hind tibiae simple; wings with three submarginal cells 20 7. Facial foveas one-half or less than one-half as wide as dis- tance between eye and lateral ocellus II Facial foveae more than one-half as wide as distance between eye and lateral ocellus, extending below antennal line; most of the scopal hairs simple, hind tibiae at apex not as broad as their metatarsi; fore wings with three closed sub- marginal cells; abdomen apparently impunctate and with abundant, erect, mostly pale pubescence; face with yellowish pubescence; scopa with dark hairs hirticincta 8. Facial foveae extending below antennal line 9 Facial foveae not extending below antennal line; most of the hairs on outer side of hind tibiae simple, plumose or branched; length 10 mm.; clypeus uniformly dullish, sparsely punctate, but impunctate down middle; process of labrum nearly four times as wide as long; thorax and ab- domen throughout more or less dullish, like head, except scutel, which is rather shining; pubescence pale, ochreous; scopa of hind tibiae composed of simple upright hairs; ab- domen subfasciate; color of anal fimbriae golden brown; wings brownish, with a yellowish tinge cornelli 9. Cheeks rounded, without a margin behind 10 Cheeks rounded, but with a margin behind; most of the hairs on outer side of hind tibiae simple 32 10. Most of the hairs on outer side of hind tibiae simple; ab- domen black 25 Most of the hairs on outer side of hind tibiae plumose or branched; abdomen black; scopa of hind tibiae loose, i. e., with its hairs sparse g. maculati 11. Foveas extending below antennal line 12 Foveae not extending below antennal line; most of the hairs of outer surface of hind tibiae plumose or branched 33 12. Most of the hairs of outer surface of hind tibiae simple.... 13 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 7U Most of the hairs of outer surface of hind tibise branched; species resembling arabis and allies 47 13. Apex of hind tibise not twice as wide as metatarsus 14 Apex of hind tibia; twice as wide as metatarsus; enclosure of propodeum conspicuously granular nasoni 14. Species with three closed submarginal cells 34 Species with two closed submarginal cells; process of labrum forming an obtuse-angled triangle; abdomen black andrenoides wellesleyana 15. Abdomen with second dorsal segment impressed less than three-fourths distance from base to apex 16 Abdomen with second dorsal segment impressed three- fourths or more than three-fourths distance from base to apex; first joint of flagel shorter than second and third joints combined 17 16. Shining space between facial fovea and eye margin abruptly separated from fovea 51 Shining space between facial fovea and eye margin not abruptly separated from fovea; process of labrum broadly truncate; clypeus with no distinct median impunctate space; second dorsal abdominal segment impressed practi- cally one-half distance from base to apex rehni 17. Shining foveal space as wide, or not as wide, as fovea below 55 Shining foveal space wider than fovea below; dorsulum with its punctures adjoining or nearly so 57 18. Abdomen not satiny 19 Abdomen satiny 21 19. Abdomen above without erect yellowish pubescence 20 Abdomen above with erect yellowish pubescence hirticincta 20. Abdomen black; anal fimbriae fuscous novaeangliae Abdomen greenish salictaria 21. Abdomen without conspicuous satiny patches 22 Abdomen with conspicuous satiny patches; process of labrum rounded; abdomen with its tegument partly red- dish, first dorsal segment being black at base and apex.. brunniventris rhodura 22. Length 11 mm.; process of labrum rather rounded; hind legs with their tegument dark or black; pubescence on dorsum of thorax ochreous to reddish; scopa of hind tibiae light in color 23 Length 7-8 mm.; process of labrum finger-shaped in outline; pubescence pale, i. e., whitish to ochreous; anal fimbriae chocolate-brown or of an allied shade placida 23. Abdomen sericeous • ^4 Abdomen apparently bare, anal fimbriae hrown nivalis 24. Anal fimbriae brown perplexa viburnella Anal fimbriae golden dunningi 712 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 25. Process of labrum truncate, or semicircular, or, when seen from below, subemarginate 26 Process of labrum finger-shaped; anal fimbriae from pale brown to blackish in color, usually the latter placida 26. Enclosure of metar.otum granular 27 Enclosure smooth 30 27. Clypeus with a narrow but distinct median impunctate space 28 Clypeus with a rather circular impunctate area, which is usually highly polished and conspicuous; abdomen sub- fasciate miserabilis flavoclypeata 28. Clypeus closely punctate 29 Clypeus very sparsely punctate robertsoni 29. Pubescence ochreous to brownish ochreous; abdomen dull, not distinctly punctate; clypeus somewhat flattened; hind tibiae blackish arabis Pubescence as in arabis; hind tibiae yellowish; abdomen distinctly punctate winkleyi 30. Wings without dark tips 3 f Wings distinctly clouded at tip; clypeus abundantly and dis- tinctly punctate nubecula 31. Dorsulum dull; clypeus dull and smooth distans Dorsulum shining; abdomen dull canadensis 32. Process of labrum quadrate or nearly so, and margined, .fragilis Process of labrum rounded, not margined integra 33. Face immaculate 59 Face maculated, process of labrum not emarginate, or hardly so; clypeus sparsely punctate accepta 34. Abdomen not distinctly punctate 35 Abdomen distinctly punctate, «'. e., almost umbilicately punctate 41 35. Abdomen appearing bare, without abundant erect hairs; ab- domen and scopa with pale pubescence; wings pale brownish 36 Abdomen not appearing bare, with abundant erect hairs.... 38 36. Abdomen fasciate; clypeus distinctly punctate and shining.. 37 Abdomen subfasciate; clypeus indistinctly punctate, dullish ziziae 37. Anal fimbriae ochreous bisalicis Anal fimbriae dark brown novaeangliae 38. Abdomen and scopa with pale pubescence 39 Abdomen above and scopa with dark pubescence, abdominal pubescence mostly black; clypeus with a median impunc- tate space milwaukeensis 39. Abdomen without distinct bands of nearly erect pubescence; face without black pubescence; abdomen fasciate, shining; clypeus with a median impunctate space thaspu Abdomen with distinct bands of nearly erect pubescence 40 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 713 40. Clypeus dull; nearly all of the scopal hairs white; anal fimbriae gray and fuscous cockerelli Clypeus shining; scopa golden thaspii 41. Abdomen and scopa with pale hairs 42 Abdomen and scopa with dark or black hairs; species with some pale pubescence 46 42. Clypeus without a distinct, shining median impunctate space 43 Clypeus with a distinct, shining, median impunctate space; enclosure not entirely rugulose hilaris 43. Enclosure not rugulose, at most granular; clypeus shining 44 Enclosure rugulose hilaris 44. Clypeus not produced 45 Clypeus produced davisi 45. Hind tibiae honey-yellow; abdomen subfasciate commoda Hind tibiae blackish; enclosure wrinkled, process of labrum semicircular in outline cressoni 46. Face and pleurae with pale pubescence; clypeus with an in- distinct median impunctate space vicina Face and pleurae with some black pubescence; clypeus with a median impunctate space; species over 12 mm., in length; dorsum of thorax without black pubescence carlini 47. Process of labrum not emarginate, but truncate anteriorly, the truncation wider than the process is long; clypeus shining, not densely punctate; clypeus not maculated .. 48 Process of labrum emarginate; clypeus not dull, not densely punctate, but with a median impunctate space 50 48. Clypeus without a median impunctate space; length 13 mm. 49 Clypeus with a median impunctate space; most of middle third of clypeus occupied by an impunctate space; species resembling miserabilis Havoclypeata pennsylvanicola 49. Clypeus polished helianthi Clypeus not polished braccata 50. Scopa loose angusi Scopa compact; wings blackish 1 asteris 51. Second dorsal abdominal segment impressed one-half distance from base to apex 52 Second dorsal abdominal segment impressed more than one- half 54 52. Abdomen black 53 Abdomen red, not fasciate mariae 53. Abdomen fasciate forbesi Abdomen not fasciate mariae var. concolor 54. Hind tibiae and tarsi black or blackish 55 Hind tibiae and tarsi stramineous hippotes 55. Abdomen not fasciate weedi Abdomen fasciate, second dorsal segment impressed less than two-thirds distance from base to apex obscura 714 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 56. Second abdominal segment impressed two-thirds distance from base to apex; abdomen densely punctate; its seg- ments without stramineous margin multiplicata Second abdominal segment impressed more than tv/o-thirds, abdomen fasciate; depressed portion of second dorsal ab- dominal segment indistinctly punctate; clypeus without a margin multiplicatiformis 57. Shining space of the face oblong 58 Shining space of the face cuneate; second dorsal abdominal segment impressed two-thirds distance from base to apex spireana 58. Abdomen not fasciate rugosa Abdomen fasciate paenerugosa 59. Process of labrum emarginate solidaginis Process of labrum not emarginate; abdomen dull, strongly sparsely punctured erigeniae Males. 1. Facial line as long as or shorter than transfacial line; ab- domen with second segment impressed less than one-half, or at most impressed one-half distance from base to apex 2 Facial line longer than transfacial line; clypeus partly yellow bradleyi 2. Third antennal joint shorter than or as long as fourth 3 Third antennal joint longer than fourth 10 3. Penultimate ventral abdominal segment without reflexed angles 4 Penultimate ventral abdominal segment with reflexed angles crataegi 4. Second dorsal abdominal segment impressed one-half or at least more than one-third distance from base to apex .... 5 Second dorsal abdominal segment impressed one-third dis- tance from base to apex daeckei 5. Antennae smooth and shining; enclosure rugose 6 Antennae dull 7 6. Abdomen fasciate above forbesi Abdomen not fasciate above mariae var. concolor 7. Abdomen black 8 Abdomen more or less reddish mariae 8. Tarsi blackish or brownish 9 Tarsi yellowish hippotes 9. Enclosure rugose weedi Enclosure granular nasoni 10. Face immaculate II Face with yellow or whitish maculae 28 11. Third antennal joint longer than fourth but shorter than fourth and fifth joints combined 12 NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 715 Third antennal joint as long as, or longer than fourth and fifth joints combined 27 12. Cheeks prominently angulate or keeled 13 Cheeks neither angulate nor keeled 20 13. Cheeks prominently angulate, not keeled 14 Cheeks keeled fragilis 14. Mandibles toothed on under side near base; tooth on under side of mandibles a mere angle 15 Mandibles not toothed on under side near base 16 15. Pubescence of abdomen pale thaspii Pubescence of abdomen partly dark milwaukeensis 16. Face without black pubescence 17 Face with some black pubescence cockerelli 17. Wings not clouded with brownish 18 Wings, in part, distinctly clouded with brownish nubecula 18. Dorsulum dull 19 Dorsulum polished 1 canadensis 19. Abdomen dull, with ochreous, erect pubescence hirticincta Abdomen shining, with appressed pubescence brunniventris rhodura 20. Face with black hairs 21 Face without black hairs 22 21. Abdomen not fasciate carlini Abdomen fasciate bisalicis 22. Tarsi yellowish 23 Tarsi brownish or blackish 24 23. Abdomen black; length 12 mm. or more nivalis Abdomen greenish; length 8 mm. or less salictaria 24. Third antennal joint longer than fourth joint 25 Third antennal joint as long as fourth joint vicina 25. Abdomen not sericeous 2° Abdomen sericeous commoda 26. Length 8 mm placida Length more than 8 mm victima 27. Angles of sixth ventral abdominal segment reflexed erigeniae Angles of sixth ventral abdominal segment not reflexed 36 28. Wings with three closed submarginal cells 29 Wings with two closed submarginal cells andrenoides wellesleyana 29. Cheeks not angulate 30 Cheeks rounded angulate miserabilis fiavoclypeata 30. Maculation confined to clypeus 3* Maculation not confined to clypeus 34 31. Third antennal joint as long as fourth and fifth joints com- bined, or a little longer 32 Third antennal joint longer than fourth joint, but not as long as fourth and fifth joints combined robertsoni yi6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 32. Pubescence whitish; hind femora black 33 Pubescence tawny or ochreous; posterior femora partly yellowish heliant hi 33. Abdomen dull, f asciate braccata Abdomen shining, subfasciate zizias 34. Tarsi brownish or blackish 35 Tarsi yellowish accepta 35. Abdomen distinctly punctate cressoni Abdomen not distinctly punctate asteris 36. Angle of cheeks opposite middle of eye = distans Angle of cheek below middle of eye g. maculati °A. alleghaniensis Viereck. A. crataegi Robertson. Taken at New Haven, Branford, Yalesville, and Poquonock, and is sure to be found throughout the State. Visits flowers of sweet cherry, Japan plum, and other fruits. °A. daeckei Viereck. May be found in Connecticut, along the Sound. A. nivalis Smith. A. convexa Provancher. Throughout the State. On flowers of Lonicera fragrantis- sitna, New Haven, 4 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). A. placida Smith. A. salicacea Robertson. A. macilenta. Provancher. A. macgillivrayi Cockerell. This is no doubt generally distributed throughout the State. New Haven, 4, 10, 25 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). Visits flowers of gooseberry and Japan plum. *A. brunniventris rhodura Cockerell. Type locality : Hartford. A. dunningi Cockerell. Occurs throughout the State. A. perplexa viburnella Graenicher. Occurs throughout the State. °A. cornelli Viereck. A. miserabilis flavoclypeata Smith. A. bipunctata Authors. New Haven, 4-22 May (H. L. V., B. H. W.) ; and probably throughout the State. It is one of the important pollenizers of apple, pear, and other fruit blossoms. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 717 A. robertsoni Dalla Torre. A. serotina Robertson. Occurs with the preceding species, but not so commonly. Putnam, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). A. arabis Robertson. This appears in early spring. A. nubecula Smith. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.). °A. distans Provancher. A. canadensis Dalla Torre. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.). A. g. maculati Robertson. Milldale, 21 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). °A. erigeniae Robertson. A. fragilis Smith. A. platyparia Robertson. A. laticeps Provancher. A. provancheri Dalla Torre. Branford, 27 June, 1904 (H. L. V.) A. integra Smith. A. lineata Provancher. Brookfield, 26 May, 1904, on Zizia aurea (W. E. B.). A. solidaginis Robertson. PI. x, Fig. 10. New Haven, 16 August, 1904 (B. H. W.) ; Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.), on goldenrod. °A. accepta Viereck. A. pulchella Robertson. A. nasoni Robertson. A. vestita Provancher. A. hartford- ensis Cockerell. New Haven, 4-14 May, 1904 (H. L. V.), 13 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 8-22 May, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Branford, 3 May, 1905 (H. W. W.). This is one of the pollenizers of fruit blossoms, and visits currant, gooseberry, pear, and apple. A. novaeangliae Viereck. New Haven, 4 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). A. ziziae Robertson. Brookfield, 26 May, 1904, on flowers of Zizia aurea (B. H. W.). °A. cockerelli Graenicher. 7l8 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. A. hirticincta Provancher. A. americana Dalla Torre. A. fimbriata Smith. Westbrook, 30 August, Branford, 16 September, 1904 (H. L. V.); New Haven, 12 September, 1904 (B. H. W.). Visits flowers of the goldenrod and other flowers of the late summer and early fall. °A. milwaukeensis Graenicher. *A. winkleyi Viereck. Type locality: Branford, 22-26 May, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; also New Haven, 14 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). Visits flowers of quince, raspberry, gooseberry, and possibly other fruits. °A. davisi Viereck. °A. commoda Smith. A. corni Robertson. A. cressoni Robertson. Visits flowers of Pyrus arbutifolia. New Haven, 28 April, 1902, 24 May, 1905 (W. E. B.), 26 May, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; Mt. Carmel, 23 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). A. hilaris Smith. New Haven, 17 June, 1905 (H. L. V.), on flowers of rasp- berry. A. vicina Smith. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 3. Many specimens from New Haven and Branford in May. Visits flowers of some of the fruit trees, and of the goose- berry. A. carlini Cockerell. Occurs with the preceding at New Haven and Branford. °A. andrenoides wellesleyana Robertson. Visits the willow. °A. pennsylvanicola Viereck. °A. helianthi Robertson. Visits the sunflower. *A. braccata Viereck. Type locality: Rockville, 23 August, 1905 ( H. L. V.). Also Westbrook, 30 August, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; Stafford, 24 August, No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 719 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Branford, 16 September, 1904 (H. W. W.) ; on goldenrod flowers. °A. angusi Viereck. A. asteris Robertson. Received its name from its habit of visiting flowers of aster. Westbrook, 30 August, 1904 (H. L. V.) °A. rehni Viereck. A. forbesi Robertson. New Haven, on flowers of pear and currant (H. L. V.). A. mariae var. concolor Robertson. New Haven, 7 May, 1904 (H. L. V.), 3 June, 1904, (W. E. B.) ; on flowers of blackberry, currant, and gooseberry. °A. mariae Robertson. A. thaspii Graenicher. Visits fruit blossoms and azalea flowers. A. weedi Viereck. New Haven, 4 May, 1904 H. L. V.). Visits flowers of the gooseberry. A. obscura Robertson. Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). A. hippotes Robertson. New Haven, 4-14 May, 1904 H. L. V.) ; Branford, 3 May, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; on flowers of the apple, Japan plum, and sweet cherry. °A. multiplicata Cockerell. A. spireana Robertson. Mt. Carmel, 23 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). A. multiplicatiformis Viereck. Thompson, 11 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). A. rugosa Robertson. °A. paenerugosa Viereck. A. bradleyi Viereck. Visits flowers of the gooseberry and huckleberry. 720 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. A. bisalicis Viereck. A. salicis Robertson. Hartford, 25 April, 1897 (S. N. D.). A. salictaria Robertson. Hartford, 10 May, 1896 (S. N. D.). A. victima Smith. Hartford, 29 April, 1894 (S. N. D.). DUFOUREIDyE. Only one species of this group is recorded from the State. Halictoides (Conohalictoides) novaeangiiae Robertson. Almost entirely black. Length 6-7 mm. Some black hairs on the head, but the pubescence is mostly whitish; facial line longer than the transfacial line. Has been taken in July and August. This species visits the pickerel-weed (Pontederia cordata) and is doubtless present wherever the pickerel-weed grows. Sachem's Head, 4 August, 1904, Thompson, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). MACROPIDiE. The species of this family are succinct and almost entirely black. Only one genus is on record, and the characters of the family will suffice for its recognition. Macropis Panzer. Key to Species. Females. 1. Hind metatarsi mostly with pale whitish pubescence 2 Hind metatarsi mostly with dark, blackish pubescence ..morsei 2. Punctation, especially of scutel, sparse ciliata Punctation, especially of scutel, dense patellata Males. 1. Hind metatarsi oblong or nearly so 2 Hind metatarsi cuneiform patellata 2. Hind tibiae with a yellow spot at base ciliata Hind tibiae entirely black rnorsei M. patellata Patton. Occurs all over the State, and flies at least from 6 to 21 July, visiting flowers of Cicuta maculata, Rhus glabra, and Stevronema No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 72 1 ciliatum. Has been taken at New Haven, Branford, Putnam, and Colebrook. M. ciliata Patton. Probably occurs all over the State. In Maine the females have been observed visiting the flowers of Lysimachia terrestris, Aralia hispida, and Kcdmia angustifolia. The males are found on the last two plants and also on goldenrod. New Haven, 13 June, Mt. Carmel, 23 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). °M. morsei Robertson. panurgim:. Key to Genera. 1. Marginal cell always much longer than stigma 2 Marginal cell not longer than stigma, usually shorter.... Perdita p. 721 2. Abdomen not fasciate; mesopleurae bare or nearly so Panurginus p. 721 Abdomen fasciate, mesopleurae pubescent Calliopsis p. 722 Perdita Smith. Key to Species. Facial line longer than transfacial line; abdomen with four yellow marks novaeangliae Facial line not longer than transfacial line; abdomen with more than four yellow marks, usually eight octomaculata *P. novaeangliae Viereck. Type locality: Poquonock, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). P. octomaculata Say. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.), on flowers of golden- rod. Also visits asters. Panurginus Nylander. Key to Species. Females. Thorax appearing almost bare; dorsulum dullish parvus Thorax pubescent; dorsulum polished astens Males. (In addition to the female characters) clypeus, two lateral face marks, and a supraclypeal mark yellow asteris 46 722 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. (In addition to the female characters) clypeus and two lateral face marks luteous parvus P. parvus Robertson. New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.), on flowers of New Jersey tea; Mt. Carmel, 23 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.). P. asteris Robertson. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.), on goldenrod. Calliopsis Smith. A single species is known to inhabit this State. It may be recognized by the fasciate abdomen, maculation luteous in the female and yellow in the male ; the face and legs in the male being almost entirely yellow. C. andreniformis Smith. New Haven, 24 June, 1902, 6 July, 1904, 4 July, 1905 (E, J. S. M., P. L. B., H. L. V.). On the last date it was taken on flowers of New Jersey tea; also 19 July, 1905 (B. H. W.), and 20 July, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; Branford, 3 August, 1904 (H. W. W.). In Maine it has been taken on flowers of Solidago juncea. nomadim:. This group, known as cuckoo bees, comprises species mostly under 10 mm. in length, reddish or black, or both, usually macu- lated with yellow or luteous, and living parasitically in the nests of other bees. Key to Genera. 1. Marginal cell separated from costa 2 Marginal cell at apex not separated from costa; maxillary- palpi six-jointed Nomada p. 722 2. Maxillary palpi with less than six joints 3 Maxillary palpi with six joints Neopasites p. 730 3. Maxillary palpi with less than five joints 4 Maxillary palpi with five joints Viereckella p. 727 4. Maxillary palpi with two joints Epeolus p. 728 Maxillary palpi with three joints Triepeolus p. 728 Nomada Fabricius. Key to Species. I. Mandibles with a tooth near apex 2 Mandibles without a tooth near apex 8 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 723 2. Females 3 Males; intermediate joints of antennae longer than thick 7 3. Pygidium ovate, sparsely punctate and pubescent; lower anterior orbits not yellowish; mesonotum not lined; head and thorax almost entirely red; second to fifth dorsal abdominal segments with a yellow mark on each side . . . maculate Pygidium triangular, sparsely punctate and pubescent; lower anterior orbits not yellowish; mesonotum one-lined; rather dark red; spots distinct, large on second segment 4 4. First dorsal 'abdominal segment without a yellow mark, second and third segments with a yellow mark on each side 5 First dorsal abdominal segment as well as second to fifth segments with a yellow mark on each side cuneata var. notata 5. Fifth dorsal abdominal segment with a yellow mark on each side 6 Fifth dorsal abdominal segment as well as fourth without a yellow mark on each side cuneata var. quadrisignata 6. Fourth dorsal abdominal segment with a yellow mark on each side cuneata var. octonotata Fourth dorsal abdominal segment without a yellow mark on each side cuneata var. sexnotata 7. Tegulae and legs red; scutel usually red; abdomen varying from six- to eight-spotted cuneata Tegulae and legs mostly brownish; scutel black, thorax black; head mostly black; first dorsal abdominal segment with two luteous spots, second to sixth segments with a luteous band • • • • bella 8. Fore coxae with long, pubescent spines; abdomen distinctly punctate; third antennal joint shorter than fourth; basal vein inserted a little before nervulus; marginal cell acute americana Fore coxae simple, rarely with short, indistinct spines 10 9. Females I0 Males 25 10. Third antennal joint not distinctly shorter than fourth 11 Third antennal joint distinctly shorter than fourth 17 11. Third antennal joint only a little shorter or just as long as fourth ; • • • I2 Third antennal joint longer than fourth, rarely a little shorter; head and thorax with yellow ornaments, usually black I3 12. Basal vein inserted before nervulus; apex of hind tibiae with black, curved bristles; second dorsal abdominal segment with a yellow spot on each side, rest of abdomen mostly 724 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. reddish; thorax mostly black, striped and marked with reddish perplexa Basal vein interstitial with nervulus; apex of hind tibiae with black, curved bristles; abdomen immaculate, reddish; head and thorax mostly reddish; dorsulum with a black stripe incerta 13. Propodeum with two yellow patches 14 Propodeum entirely black '. 16 14. Abdomen with five yellow fasciae 15 Abdomen with four yellow fasciae; mesonotum coarsely punctate, pubescent; basal vein before nervulus; flagel reddish imbricata 15. Mesonotum finely punctate, pubescent; basal vein inserted before nervulus; flagel dark above affabilis Mesonotum strongly punctate, nearly bare; basal vein virtually interstitial with nervulus; flagel with a dark annulus vincta 16. First to third dorsal abdominal segments with an interrupted yellow band, fourth and fifth with a continuous yellow band; scutel with a yellow spot on each side; postscutel with a yellow band;, head, thorax, and abdomen mostly black ; legs mostly red electa First dorsal abdominal segment black or with a reddish stain, second and third segments with interrupted, fourth and fifth with continuous bands; basal vein not inserted before nervulus; scutel hardly bilobed; third antennal joint some- times a little shorter than fourth placida 17. Head and thorax without yellow ornaments, basal vein before nervulus 18 Head and thorax with yellow ornaments 23 18. Head and thorax red, sutures black; scutel crested, bilobed.. 19 Head and thorax black, with reddish ornaments; abdomen black, with yellow ornaments; an interrupted line on first dorsal segment, lateral marks on second and third dorsal segments, continuous fasciae on fourth and fifth segments vicina 19. Fourth antennal joint as long as twelfth or longer 20 Fourth antennal joint shorter than twelfth; a spot on each side of second and third segments, and usually a band or two spots on fifth; pygidium broadly rounded, closely pubescent illinoiensis 20. Fourth antennal joint as long as twelfth 21 Fourth antennal joint longer than twelfth; no spot on first and second dorsal abdominal segments, and the inter- rupted band on third, fourth and fifth segments almost entirely luteous rubicunda No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 725 21. Fore coxae without spines; a spot on each side of second and third dorsal abdominal segments 22 Fore cox;e with a short spine; pygidium subacute; yellow fascia on fifth dorsal abdominal segment opaque, .denticulata 22. Length less than 8 mm sayi Length 10 mm bisignata 23. First transverse cubitus usually present 24 First transverse cubitus usually wanting; largely red; second to fifth dorsal abdominal segments with yellow fasciae, sometimes interrupted on second obliterata 24. Mesonotum black; second to fifth dorsal abdominal segments with more or less interrupted yellow bands; scutel mostly, propodeum partly, yellow festiva Mesonotum with four yellow lines; first to sixth dorsal ab- dominal segments with yellow bands; propodeum with subquadrate marks encroaching upon the enclosure . . . .luteola 25. Seventh dorsal abdominal segment entire 26 Seventh dorsal abdominal segment notched; third antennal joint shorter than fourth 29 26. Third antennal joint longer than fourth ?] Third antennal joint shorter than fourth; basal vein inserted a little before nervulus; abdomen black, with yellow marks; mostly black proxima 27. Propodeum with two yellow spots; posterior orbits largely yellow 2° Propodeum and posterior orbits black or nearly so; fifth and sixth dorsal abdominal segments with continuous, second to fourth with interrupted yellow bands; first dorsal ab- dominal segment entirely black; basal vein usually inter- stitial with nervulus placida 28. Scape obovate; basal vein interstitial with nervulus; flagel darker in the middle; scutel sub-bilobed vincta Scape ordinary; basal vein inserted before nervulus; flagel darker above; scutel bilobed affabihs 29. First transverse cubitus usually present ■■ 3° First transverse cubitus usually wanting • .obliterata 30. First to sixth dorsal abdominal segments without entire and continuous bands, usually with some lateral spots; when continuous the bands have separated spots on extreme sides of fifth segment 3I First to sixth dorsal abdominal segments with entire and continuous -bands, sometimes narrowly interrupted on first; basal vein inserted before nervulus; a band on first dorsal abdominal segment continuous; flagel usually dark, piceous beneath, joints cylindrical luteola 31. Abdomen mainly black ••• *.".'", ""!.',." f_ Abdomen chiefly reddish; basal vein inserted before nervulus 32 726 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 32. Flagel and fore coxae not denticulate 33 Flagel and fore coxae denticulate; a yellowish spot on each side of second segment, as well as sometimes on first, and usually a continuous yellowish band on third to sixth segments denticulata 33. Fourth antennal joint as long as thirteenth 34 Fourth antennal joint shorter than thirteenth; apical half of abdomen reddish; middle of flagel longer than thick.... illinoiensis 34. Thorax almost entirely black; dorsulum entirely black . ...sayi Thorax partly black; dorsulum mostly reddish with a black stripe down the middle pygmaea 35. First dorsal abdominal segment without a spot on each side 36 First to third dorsal abdominal segments with a yellowish spot on each side; apex of seventh dorsal segment deeply notched articulata 36. Second and third dorsal abdominal segments with a yellowish spot on each side; first usually with an interrupted band, fourth with a band or two spots on each side, fifth with a discal band and a spot on each side, sixth like fifth, or lateral spots wanting, seventh with apex slightly notched vicina Second to fifth dorsal abdominal segments with a more or less interrupted yellowish band, sixth with a band; head and thorax almost entirely black gracilis N. (Gnathias) maculata Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iv, Fig. 15. N. (G.) cuneata Robertson. New Haven, 4 May, 1904, Double Beach, 5 July, 1904 (H. L. V.). °N. (G.) cuneata var. notata Robertson. °N. (G.) cuneata var. octonotata Robertson. 3N. (G.) cuneata var. sexnotata Robertson. 3N. (G.) cuneata var. quadrisignata Robertson. N. (G.) bella Cresson. N. (Centrias) americana Kirby. West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.) *N. (C.) incerta Cresson. 'N. ( Phor) proxima Cresson. Ol 01 01 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 727 1 N. (Holonomada) imbricata Smith. New Haven, 4 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). °N. (H.) affabilis Robertson. °N. (H.) vincta Robertson. °N. (H.) placida Robertson. N. perplexa Cresson. *N. vicina Cresson. Salisbury, 27 August, 1904 (W. E. B.) ; Saybrook, 31 August, 1904 (H.L.V.). N. (Nomada) electa Cresson. N. (N.) illinojensis Robertson. Branford, 11 May, 1905 (H. W. W.). °N. (N.) rubicunda Olivier. N. torrida Smith. N. (N.) denticulata Robertson. New Haven, 26 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). N. (N.) sayi Robertson. Branford, 3 May, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; West Haven, 27 June, 1905 (H. L. V.). N. (N.) bisignata Say. N. (N.) articulata Smith. °N. (N.) gracilis Cresson. *N. (N.) pygmaea Cresson. N. (Heminomada) obliterata Cresson. Hartford, 20 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). N. (Xanthidium) luteola LePeletier. °N. (X.) festiva Cresson. Viereckella Swenk. Only two species are known to belong to this genus. They both look as if they might be black Nomadas. Indeed, the species that occurs in this State was originally described as Nomada. V. pilosula (Cresson). Mandibles simple, without a tooth near apex; fj>re coxae simple, without spines, uniformly black or brownish ; female 728 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. with the basal vein inserted beyond or interstitial with nervulus ; third antennnal joint in female distinctly shorter than fourth ; male with third antennal joint longer than fourth, and with the seventh dorsal abdominal segment entire, without a notch at its apex. Brookfield, 27 July (E. L. Dickerson). Epeolus Latreille. This genus, as now restricted, is represented in Connecticut by a single species. E. pusillus Cresson. Length 6-8 mm. Front not tuberculate ; lower half of pleurae finely and closely punctate; lateral spines of the scutel hardly extending beyond the latter; spurs black. Pubescence pale cinereous or silvery ; tubercles, tegube, and legs reddish. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.), on goldenrod; Say- brook, 31 August, 1904 (H. L. V.), on flowers of fireweed (Erechtites hi er act folia). Triepeolus Robertson. Key to Species. Females. 1. Fifth ventral abdominal segment convex; corresponding dorsal segment usually with lateral patches 2 Fifth ventral abdominal segment flattened or concave; cor- responding dorsal segment with a semicircular sericeous truncation; black; mesonotum anteriorly with a broad pale yellow band; border of first dorsal abdominal seg- ment broad, interrupted basally and sometimes apically; fasciae continuous on second to fourth segments, gradually or abruptly widened laterally on second segment; length 13-16 mm concavus 2. Border of first dorsal abdominal segment much wider on sides than near middle 3 Border of first dorsal abdominal segment of almost uniform width 4 3. Mesonotum bilineate; fifth dorsal abdominal segment dull, densely punctate; its apex convex, the beveled space thereof always, and lateral patches of pubescence usually distinct; apex of pygidium convex; fasciae on first and second segments interrupted, on third and fourth segments No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 729 continuous, that on fourth of the same color as the other fasciae; second to fourth ventral abdominal segments with apical fasciae; labrum, mandibles, first three joints of antennae, and legs red; length 11-12 mm lunatus Mesonotum with a subcordate enclosed space; fasciae inter- rupted on first and second dorsal abdominal segments, gradually widened on sides of second segment; space on mesonotum trilobed; an L-shaped patch of pubescence on pleurae; scutel sub-bilobed; spines distinct; length 10-14 mm remigatus 4. Ornaments cream-color; pectus finely and closely punctate; false pygidium large; pleurae with a lunate patch; femora usually more or less black; labrum, mandibles, scape, tubercles, and tegulae usually red; legs rarely black; length 8-12 mm cressoni Ornaments cinereous; length 11-12 mm donatus Males. 1. Border of first dorsal abdominal segment broader laterally, forming lunate or subquadrate patches; ornaments cream- color 2 Border of first dorsal abdominal segment hardly broader laterally than near middle; mesonotum bilineate 5 2. Disc of mesonotum not enclosed by a complete border; orna- ments cream-color; tibiae and tarsi usually red; mid and hind femora more or less black; mandibles, labrum, base of antennae, and tegulae red; rarely entirely black; length 8-11 mm cressoni Disc of mesonotum enclosed by a complete border; abdomen with six bands, interrupted on first and second segments, gradually widening on sides of second, cinereous on sixth; length 10-15 mm remigatus 3. Mesonotum anteriorly with a broad band; abdomen with five bands, first dorsal segment with its band continuous or interrupted, second to fifth with continuous fasciae; black; length 12-15 mm concavus Mesonotum bilineate; abdomen with six bands, bands on first two dorsal segments and sometimes on third interrupted, and cinereous or whitish on fifth and sixth segments; labrum, mandibles, first three antennal joints, tegulae, and legs red; length 10-13 mm lunatus T. lunatus Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iv, Fig. 18. Saybrook, 31 August, 1904 (H.L.V.), on flowers of fireweed (Erechtites hieracifolia) ; East Hartford, 2 August, 1905 (B. H. W.). 730 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. T. donatus Smith. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iv, Fig. 13. Prospect, 15 August, 1906; Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.). °T. concavus Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iv, Fig. 8. °T. remigatus Fabricius. Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 28. °T. cressoni Robertson. T. mercatus Fabricius. Neopasites Ashmead. Formerly Phileremus. A single species has been found in this State. N. illinoiensis Robertson. Length 5 mm. Abdomen usually reddish, rarely entirely black, but always with a golden apical margin to its dorsal seg- ments. Head and thorax black, with short, silvery pubescence; legs inclining to a dull reddish. New Haven, 30 June, 1905 (B. H. W.). EUCERID.E. Solitary digger-bees with but one female and one male to each nest. Key to Genera. 1. Anterior inferior orbits with a large subtriangular malar space; clypeus remote from eye 2 Anterior inferior orbits with a small subtriangular space; clypeus nearly touching eye; maxillary palpi with three, four, or five joints Melissodes p. 730 2. Maxillary palpi with five joints 3 Maxillary palpi with six joints Tetralonia p. 733 3. Claws toothed but not cleft Cemolobus p. 733 Claws cleft Xenoglossa p. 733 Melissodes Latreille. Key to Species. Females. I. Maxillary palpi 3 or 4-jointed 2 Maxillary palpi 5-jointed; pubescence of thorax mixed with black; abdomen somewhat metallic; second to fourth dorsal abdominal segments with fasciae of white appressed No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 73 1 pubescence, the fasciae broad laterally, narrow and basal medially, fifth with a white patch on each extreme side . . . condigna 2. Hairs of scopa branched 3 Hairs of scopa not branched; pubescence of thorax fulvo- ochraceous; second to fourth dorsal abdominal segments with narrow, median, white pubescent fasciae compta 3. Scutel and disc of mesonotum without evident black or fuscous hair 4 Scutel and disc of mesonotum with evident black or fuscous hair 6 4. Fasciae on base and middle of second, on middle of third, and on apical margin of fourth dorsal abdominal segments 5 Fasciae obsolete or nearly so; scopa ochraceous; pubescence on back of body short, dense, pale; that of occiput black desponsa 5. Fasciae on fourth dorsal abdominal segment not enclosing a diamond-shaped black patch; pubescence fulvous; fasciae broad, nearly covering second to fourth dorsal abdominal segments, fascia on fourth segment entire; maxillary palpi usually 4-jointed agilis var. aurigeniae Fasciae narrow, on fourth dorsal abdominal segment, neither notched nor interrupted, but bordered by deep brown pubescence posteriorly; tegulae brown; maxillary palpi 3- jointed; labial palpi*with first joint nearly as long as second dentiventris 6. Wings clear or nearly so, sometimes purplish; black patch on mesonotum reaching tegulae, or nearly; pubescence of vertex mostly black; fore and mid legs with blackish pubescence 7 Wings more or less clouded or fuscous 8 7. Pubescence on clypeus, labrum, vertex, part of mesonotum, and scutel blackish rustica Pubescence ochraceous even on clypeus perplexa 8. Fourth dorsal abdominal segment with an apical patch of white pubescence on each side bimaculata Fourth dorsal abdominal segment not ornamented as in bimaculata; with broad, oblique, apical fasciae on second and third segments, nearly obsolete on second; vertex with^ black hairs; most of the pleural hairs black obliqua Males. 1. Antennae pale beneath, third joint shorter than fourth ... 2 Antennae black, third joint as long as fourth compta 2. Abdomen without metallic reflections _ 3 Abdomen with metallic reflections condigna 3. Seventh abdominal segment with lateral spines 4 732 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Seventh abdominal segment without lateral spines; pubes- cence of hind legs not black; fasciae on second and third dorsal abdominal segments narrow, arcuate; tarsi black obliqua 4. Shortest side of third antennal joint not longer than second 5 Shortest side of third antennal joint longer than second 7 5. Apical margins of abdominal segments pale stramineous.. 6 Apical margins of abdominal segments black or dull; pubes- cence fulvous, mixed with black on mesonotum and scutel , perplexa 6. Pubescence pale ochraceous to fulvous; labrum yellow.. agilis var. aurigeniae Pubescence pale ochraceous to fulvous; labrum yellow except at extreme sides dentiventris 7. Base of mandibles and labrum usually maculated; pubescence usually black; wings clouded bimaculata Base of mandibles and labrum usually black; pubescence of legs black and short desponsa °M. (Anthedon) compta Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ii, Fig. 24. °M. (Florilegus) condigna Cresson. M. (Melissodes) desponsa Smith. M. cnici Robertson. Probably occurs throughout the State. Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; New Haven, 14 August, 1906 (D. B. Pangburn). M. (M.) dentiventris Smith. Doubtless distributed throughout the State. Branford, 3 August, 1904 (H. W. W.) ; Westville, 3 August, 1905 (W. E B.), on Veronica; Rockville, 23 August, 1905 (H. L. V.). M. (M.) rustica Say. M. simillima Robertson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iv, Fig. 12. Occurs with the preceding and has been collected in Connecticut at Rockville and Stafford in August on goldenrod (Solidago). M. (M.) perplexa Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iv, Fig. 27. Probably occurs throughout the State. East Hartford, 9 August, 1904 (P. L. B.) ; Hartford, 29 August, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; Salisbury, 27 August, 1904 (W. E. B.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 733 M. (M.) bimaculata LePeletier. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 16. New Haven, 13 July, 1900; Westville, 22 July, 1906 (W. E. B.). °M. (M.) obliqua Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iv, Fig. 22. °M. (M.) agilis var. aurigeniae Cresson. Tetralonia Spinola. Synhalonia Patton. T. atriventris Smith. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ii, Fig. 19. Female: with hair on the inner side of the basal joint of the hind tarsi black or fuscous ; hair of thorax above nearly entirely fulvous. Male : clypeus and labrum light ; thorax above without dark hair; flagel entirely dark, mandibles without a light spot; abdomen not covered with fulvous hair, the apical part black with dark hair; upper lateral borders of clypeus black, the yellow not notched; hind spurs not in the form of a hook. New Haven, 4-10 May, 1904 (H. L. V., W. E. B.) ; Westville, 20 May, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Branford, 11 May, 1905 (H. W. W.). Cemolobus Robertson. °C. ipomoeae Robertson. Length 13-17 mm. Clypeus trilobate, with a transverse apical whitish band in the male ; mandibles with a distinct angle on the outer margin, this angle being spined in the male ; hind metatar- si in the male arcuate ; female with the second joint of the maxil- lary palpi nearly as long as the third, fourth, and fifth combined ; scopa nearly black. Visits flowers of the morning-glory (Ipomcea) ; hence its specific name. Xenoglossa Smith. X. (Peponapis) pruinosa Say. PI. x, Fig. 6; Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 1, PI. vii, Fig. 2 (the latter errone- ously labeled X. spriuna). Length 10-14 mm. Female with its mandibles bidentate at apex ; second and third joints of maxillary palpi subequal ; second to fourth dorsal abdominal segments with whitish pubescent fas- 734 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. rise ; first cubital cell twice as long as the second, about as long as the third; the first joint of the labial palpi nearly one and one-half times as long as the second. Male with the third joint of the antennae about one-third as long as the fourth ; mandibles triden- tate, their base black; clypeus with a yellow spot; labrum black, apex of abdomen without spines. New Haven, 31 July, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Bristol, 28 July, 1906 (W. H. Kelsey). Visits flowers of the pumpkin and other Cucur- bitaceae, and is perhaps the most important agent in pollenizing these plants. It is of interest to know that this bee has been caught sleeping in a closed flower. emphorid;e. The remarks under Euceridae apply here. Key to Genera. Pulvilli present Melitoma p. 734 Pulvilli absent Emphor p. 734 Melitoma Latreille. Entechnia Patton. °M. taurea Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 7. Length 9-14 mm. Female with first cubital cell nearly equal- ling the third, second short; first recurrent vein received near its end ; pubescence pale and mixed with black on dorsum of head and thorax; second to fourth dorsal abdominal segments with white pubescent fasciae; elsewhere the pubescence is black; third and fourth joints of maxillary palpi ciliate, sixth minute; para- glossae shorter than the seventh joint of labial palpi, slightly over one-third the length of the second. Male with white pubes- cent fasciae on the second to sixth dorsal abdominal segments. Emphor Patton. °E. bombiformis Cresson. Length 13-17 mm. Female with the first cubital cell nearly equalling the second and third combined; first recurrent vein received near the middle of the second cubital cell ; head, thorax, and sides of the first abdominal segment with pale ochraceous pubescence; the third joint of the maxillary palpi ciliate; para- glossae setiform, a little longer than the first joint of the labial No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 735 palpi, which last are one and one-sixth times as long as the second joint. Male with the abdomen not fasciate. Visits flowers of the morning-glory (Ipomaza). anthophorim:. The bees of this group are larger than honey-bees but smaller than bumble-bees. Only one genus occurs in the State. Anthophora Latreille.* Key to Species. Females. 1. Apex of marginal cell reaching costal margin; third sub- marginal cell not narrower above than below; first recur- rent vein received near middle of second cubital cell; nervulus virtually interstitial with basal vein 2 Apex of marginal cell not reaching costal margin, third submarginal cell narrower above than below; first re- current vein received a little before second transverse cubitus; nervulus inserted before basal vein; mandibles with an internal tooth; third joint of antennas slightly longer than fourth and fifth combined but shorter than fourth, fifth, and sixth together; pubescence on dorsum of thorax and base of abdomen ochraceous, elsewhere black; length 15 mm floridana 2. Knee-plate of hind legs circular or spatulate, mandibles bi- dentate 3 Knee-plate of hind legs lanceolate; mandibles tridentate; third joint of antennae nearly equal to fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh together; pubescence griseous and black, ochraceous or fulvous on fifth and sixth dorsal abdominal segments; second joint of maxillary palpi four or five times as long as first; first joint of labial palpi slightly over five times as long as second; length 11-13 mm terminalis 3. Third cubital cell not broader above than below; second joint of maxillary palpi about twice as long as first; third antennal joint longer than combined length of fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh but shorter than length of these plus length of eighth joint; black, dorsum of thorax and first dorsal abdominal segment with pale pubescence; first joint of labial palpi nearly six times as long as second; length 15-17 mm ursina * According to the Rules on Nomenclature of the International Zoological Congress, as interpreted by F. D. Morice and John Hartley Durrant, Anthophora Latreille should be re- placed by Lasius Jurine. That change would require Lasius Fabricius to be set aside as preoccupied. 736 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Third cubital cell broader above than below; third joint of antennas nearly as long as fourth, fifth, and sixth to- gether; pubescence of thorax and base of abdomen more or less ochraceous; pubescence elsewhere black or black- ish; second joint of maxillary palpi twice as long as first 4 4. Dorsum of thorax with some black hair; at least first and second dorsal abdominal segments with pale pubescence 5 Dorsum of thorax without or with little black hair; usually only first dorsal abdominal segment with pale hair; first joint of labial palpi nearly four times as long as second; length 12-15 mm ....abrupta 5. Dorsum of thorax with black hair in center; length 12-15 mm. bomboides Dorsum of thorax with black hair forming a transverse band; length 12-15 mm bomboides canadensis Males. I. Claw joints of mid legs simple; clypeus entirely yellow or nearly so 2 Claw joints of mid legs ciliate; face marks, and scape in front, whitish; clypeus partly black; pygidium rather dis- tinct, the area indistinct; third antennal joint longer than fourth, fifth, and sixth together; mandibles and abdomen black; pubescence of head and thorax and first dorsal abdominal segment long and griseous or ochraceous, mixed with black on vertex and mesonotum; mid tarsi fimbriate; length 15-16 mm ursina 2. Hind metatarsi with a large tooth; apex of labrum con- cave, tufted with black hairs; third antennal joint about as long as fourth and fifth together; spot on mandibles and scape in front yellow; seventh dorsal abdominal segment without a pygidial area; apex concave, bidentate; pubescence of head, thorax, fore legs, and base of abdo- men mostly ochraceous; elsewhere mostly black; length 12-14 mm ^ Hind metatarsi simple; labrum entire 4 3. Only first dorsal abdominal segment with pale pubescence abrupta First and second dorsal abdominal segments with pale pubes- cence; dorsulum without or with few black hairs, .bomboides 4. Third antennal joint longer than fourth and fifth combined; seventh dorsal abdominal segments furcate; labrum yel- low; mandibles and scape usually black; pubescence griseous, mixed with black above; length 10-11 mm... terminalis Third antennal joint longer than fourth; pygidial area shining; labrum, mandibles, and scape black; dorsum of No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 737 thorax and first abdominal segment with ochraceous pubescence floridana A. (Emphoropsis) floridana Smith. New Haven, 28 April, 1902 (W. E. B.). A. (Clisodon) terminalis Cresson. Mt. Carmel, 27 August, 1904 (P. L. B.). °A. (Anthemoessa) abrupta Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. »i> Fig- 30- A. (A.) bomboides Kirby. °A. (A.) bomboides canadensis Cresson. °A. (Anthophora) ursina (Cresson). HYL^IDJE. This family is represented by one genus, Hylceus, which con- sists of small black bees, with pale, usually yellow, marks. Hylaeus Fabricius. Prosopis Fabricius. Key to Species. Females. Fore coxae simple; at least the bases of tibiae yellowish; propodeum rugose; first to sixth dorsal abdominal seg- ments black. 1. First segment and base of second segment of abdomen black; clavate face mark present 2 First segment and base of second segment of abdomen red- dish nelumbonis 2. Collar black; length 4-5 mm 3 Collar with yellow marks; tubercles and face marks yellow; length 5-6 mm 4 3. Clypeus, tubercles, and tegulae usually with a yellow spot . . pygmaeus Clypeus with a subapical yellow band ellipticus 4. Edge of wing-base and tegulae black, the latter sometimes with a yellow dot 5 Edge of wing-base and spot on tegulae yellow ziziae 5. Clypeus black ° Clypeus with a trilobed yellow mark at apical margin.. varifrons 47 738 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 6. Enclosure bordered by an impressed line, often obscured by the reticulations; tegulae rarely with a dot modestus Enclosure bordered by a raised line; tegulae often with a yellow dot sayi Males. Fore coxae simple; propodeum rugose; at least the face, tarsi, fore tibiae in front, and mid and hind tibiae at base, yel- lowish. 1. Abdomen black at base; body black; face marks entire; tu- bercles colored 2 Abdomen reddish at base nelumbonis 2. Lateral extension of face marks not ending near eye 3 Lateral extension of face marks ending near eye; collar usually with two lines; length 5-6 mm 4 3. Lateral extension of face marks usually club-shaped, diverg- ing from eye; scape exteriorly and sometimes a dot on tegulae pale yellowish; length 4 mm pygmaeus Lateral extension of face marks hook-shaped, diverging from eye; scape black; dot or mark on tegulae yellow . . . . verticalis 4. Scape concave exteriorly; tegulae with a yellow spot 5 Scape not concave exteriorly; tegulae and mandibles rarely yellow 6 5. Edge of wing-base, labrum, mandibles more or less, often scape exteriorly yellow; face marks club-shaped laterally; yellow maculae at base and apex of mid tibiae, united. .. . ziziae Edge of wing-base, labrum, mandibles, and scape blackish, or at least not yellow; face marks spear-shaped laterally; yellow only at base of mid tibiae pennsylvanicus 6. Mid and hind tibiae with a blackish spot behind, hind ones often entirely yellow; first dorsal abdominal segment impunctate; face marks sometimes club-shaped laterally; tegulae unspotted modestus Mid and hind tibiae yellow at base; first dorsal abdominal segment impunctate; face marks pointed on eye margin; tegulae sometimes spotted; wings hyaline sayi H. pygmaeus (Cresson). Occurs throughout the State in May, June, July, and August. Collected at Stafford, Colebrook, New Haven, Branford, and Sachem's Head, on flowers of goldenrod and red raspberry. H. ellipticus (Cockerell). On flowers of goldenrod. Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.). No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 739 H. ziziae (Robertson). Hartford (S. N. D.) ; Milldale, 21 May, 1906 (B. H. W.). H. modestus (Say). Pro so pis afhnis Smith. P. illinoiensis Robertson. On the wing throughout the state in June, July, and August, on flowers of common meadow-sweet, parsnip, milkweed, golden- rod, and common day-lily. Has been taken at Branford, Cole- brook, Green's Farms, Mt. Carmel, New Haven, Sachem's Head, Salisbury, Scotland, Stafford, and Westbrook. °H. sayi (Robertson). °H. varifrons (Cresson). °H. verticalis (Cresson). °H. pennsylvanicus (Cockerell). °H. nelumbonis (Robertson). colletim:. These bees burrow in the ground to make their nests. At least one of the indigenous species groups its nests into communities which the late Dr. Henry Christopher McCook has called "bee towns." A single genus occurs in the state. Colletes Latreille. Key to Species. Females. i. Fore coxae without distinct hairy spines; dorsum of thorax with griseous pubescence, mixed with black 2 Fore coxae with distinct hairy spines 4 2. Sixth ventral abdominal segment simple; propodeum truncate and with a transverse series of subquadrate pits; postscutel anteriorly without a transverse series of subquadrate pits; clypeus in profile slightly convex, somewhat sulcate, puncto-striate 3 Sixth ventral abdominal segment bicarinate; propodeum rounded and with a triangular, reticulated, rugose en- closure; third antennal joint longer than fourth or fifth; malar space one-third as long as wide; length 9-11 mm. compactus 3. Malar space more than one-third as long as wide, but shorter than wide; clypeus shining, coarsely puncto-striate; trans- facial line longer than facial; length 12-13 mm inaequalis 740 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Malar space at least twice as long as wide or longer; facial line longer than transfacial; clypeus sulcate, puncto- striate validua 4. Malar space one-fifth to one-fourth as long as wide; length 9-11 mm.; prothorax without strong lateral spines; pubes- cence of dorsum of thorax not mixed with black; second dorsal abdominal segment minutely punctate or impunc- tate; wings yellowish; inner claw with a median tooth; pubescence ochraceous americanus Characters mostly as in americanus, as described above, but second dorsal abdominal segment rather coarsely punc- tate; fasciae narrow; second submarginal cell narrowed about one-half above; claws cleft, the divisions nearly equal aestivalis Males, 1. Fourth antennal joint shorter than second and third com- bined, not much longer than third 2 Fourth antennal joint as long as second and third combined 3 2. Second to fifth ventral abdominal segments not densely bearded laterally; malar space as in female; head as long as wide; dorsum of thorax with ochraceous pubescence; second submarginal cell not much narrower above than below .validus Second to fifth ventral abdominal segments densely bearded; malar space short, nearly as in female of aestivalis; second submarginal cell strongly narrowed above; size nearly as in americanus aestivalis 3. Malar space at least one-half as long as wide 4 Malar space not more than one-third as long as wide; post- scutel densely punctate and pubescent; mesonotum rather evenly punctate; prothoracic spines indistinct; pubescence ochraceous; length 8 mm americanus 4. Propodeum as in female; malar space as long as wide; pubes- cence of dorsulum mixed with black; length 8-9 mm..compactus Propodeum as in female; body black; malar space shorter than wide; length 10-12 mm inaequalis C. inaequalis Say. C. propinquus Cresson. C. canadensis Cresson. New Haven, 4-10 May, 1904 (W. E. B., H. L. V.). C. validus Cresson. New Haven, 4-7 May, 1904 (W. E. B., H. L. V.). C. compactus Cresson. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 741 °C. americanus Cresson. C. aestivalis Patton. C. sp. Torrington, 7 July, 1905 (W. E. B.). STELIDIDiE. Black bees, with whitish margins to the dorsal abdominal segments. Represented by a single genus. Stelis Panzer. Key to Species. Females. Abdomen with narrow, continuous or interrupted whitish fasciae on its dorsal segments fcederalis Abdomen with eight to fourteen whitish spots above . . . .lateralis Males. Third ventral abdominal segment with a median apical denti- form carina; first to fifth dorsal segments with narrow, continuous or interrupted whitish fasciae fcederalis Third ventral abdominal segment simple; first to fifth dorsal segments with lateral whitish spots lateralis S. (Microstelis) foederalis Smith. S. nitida Cresson. S. (M.) lateralis Cresson. MEGACHILIDJE. To this family belong the leaf-cutter bees and the bees para- sitic upon them, as well as the mason-bees. Key to Genera. Females. 1. Abdomen not maculated 2 Abdomen maculated, claws cleft; abdomen with a scopa; apical tarsal joint with an empodium; mixillary palpi with two joints Dianthidium p. 752 2. Empodii absent; maxillary palpi 3-jointed; first dorsal abdom- inal segment with a broad concavity 3 Empodii present; claws simple; abdomen with a scopa 4 3. Abdomen with a scopa; axillae not produced into spines on each side of scutel Megachile p. 742 Abdomen without a scopa; axillae produced into spines on each side of scutel Ccelioxys p. 746 742 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 4. Black 5 Metallic green, bluish or purplish Osmia p. 748 5. Vein separating stigma from first submarginal cell longer than vein separating stigma from marginal cell; first dorsal abdominal segment with a narrow sulcus . .Andronicus p. 750 Vein separating stigma from first submarginal cell not longer than vein separating stigma from marginal cell; first dorsal abdominal segment subtruncate. with a punctate cavity bounded by a distinct rim Heriades p. 751 Males. i. Abdomen not maculated 2 Abdomen maculated; maculations yellow or reddish; apical tarsal joint and maxillary palpus as in female Dianthidium p. 752 2. Apical tarsal joint without an empodium 3 Apical tarsal joint with an empodium 4 3. Axillae not produced into spines on each side of scutel Megachile p. 742 Axillae produced into spines on each side of scutel Coelioxys p. 746 4. Black 5 Metallic green, bluish or purplish Osmia p. 748 5. Vein separating stigma from first submarginal cell longer than vein separating stigma from marginal cell; first dorsal abdominal segment as in female Andronicus p. 750 Vein separating stigma from first submarginal cell not longer than vein separating stigma from marginal cell; first dorsal abdominal segment as in female Heriades p. 751 Megachile Latreille. Leaf-cutter bees that make tubular cells out of nearly semi- circular pieces of leaves which they cut from various plants. Key to Species. Females. Mandibles expanded at apex. 1. Abdomen viewed from above, oblong; third joint of maxillary palpi shorter than first and second; second to fourth dorsal abdominal segments without pubescent fasciae in basal grooves 2 Abdomen viewed from above, cordate with an acute basal tooth 3 2. Cheeks with a large tooth beneath; clypeus with a median teeth pugnata No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 743 Cheeks unarmed; clypeus bisinuate, with a median angle and two teeth on each side; mandibles with four teeth sayi 3. Mandibles with five teeth; scopa yellow 4 Mandibles with four teeth 8 4. Ventral scopa yellowish; head, thorax, and abdomen with yellowish pubescence, except for some black hairs on dorsum 5 Ventral scopa black and bright golden brownish; head and thorax with white pubescence; first and second dorsal ab- dominal segments with yellowish white pubescence, suc- ceeding segments with black pubescence melanophea 5. Apical dorsal abdominal segment without black pubescence.. 6 Apical dorsal abdominal segment with black pubescence .... 7 6. Apical dorsal abdominal segment with its pubescence all yellow latimana Apical dorsal abdominal segment with appressed golden brown pubescence and some basal non-appressed black hairs, length 10 mm exclamans 7. Length 12 to 15 mm vidua Length 1 1 mm. . . , infragilis 8. Ventral scopa yellowish or white; posterior ocellus not nearer to edge of vertex than to nearest eye margin; disc of sixth dorsal abdominal segment with erect hairs that are more appressed and dense apically; hair of apical dorsal abdominal segment black at base, whitish apically, that segment concave in profile before apical lip; clypeus entire 9 Ventral scopa yellow; disc of apical dorsal abdominal seg- ment straight in profile; hind metatarsi narrower than hind tibiae mendica 9. Sixth dorsal abdominal segment finely and closely punctate; pale pubescence white; hair of apical ventral segment black generosa Sixth dorsal abdominal segment densely and coarsely punc- tate; pale pubescence griseous; hair of apical ventral seg- ment usually whitish brevis Males. Mandibles with a large tooth beneath. 1. Fore tarsi flattened; coxal spines distinct; apical joint of antennae broad and flat; fore tarsi colored 2 Fore tarsi simple, not flattened, black or nearly so 6 2. Fore coxae with one or more bristles in front; first joint of front tarsi with a boat-shaped scale; lower angle of cheeks grooved and with a distinct posterior spine; sixth dorsal abdominal segment with an ordinary carina; its apical 744 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. margin* with a carina on each side, but no spines; apical abdominal segment pointed; claws cleft, with an acute basal tooth; mid metatarsi narrower than tibiae, more or less colored; fore and mid femora and tibiae black, or nearly so; fore trochanters and coxae black; boat-shaped scale somewhat pointed 3 Fore coxae without bristles in front; front metatarsi with- out a boat-shaped scale; apical margin of sixth abdominal segment with two teeth on each side; claws without dis- tinct basal teeth; mandibular tooth basal; cheeks beneath with a large scale-like process; front coxae bare ante- riorly, with large apical spines; front tarsi strongly fringed, first joint hollowed out beneath; mid femora enor- mous; sixth abdominal segment with a strong, deeply notched carina; apical margin with strong median teeth; apical segment outwardly arcuate, sometimes slightly dentate 4 3. Tarsal scale with the tip virtually on a level with the tip of third tarsal joint, edged with a short line of black pubes- cence; two or three coxal bristles present , pugnata Tarsal scale with the tip about on a level with the tip of second tarsal joint, edged with fuscous pubescence; four to five coxal bristles present sayi 4. Apex ofi abdomen not stylate beneath 5 Apex of abdomen stylate beneath, with three processes, apical dorsal abdominal segment semicircularly eraar- ginate; pubescence as in female melanophea 5. Dorsum of body with black pubescence confined to third, fourth, and fifth abdominal segments vidua Dorsum of body without black pubescence latimana 6. Coxal spines strongly developed; sixth abdominal segment with carina transverse, strongly notched or denticulated; mandibles tridentate; spines on apical margin of sixth ab- dominal segment short and more or less concealed 7 Coxal spines wanting; mandibles tridentate; carina on sixth abdominal segment semicircular, entire or nearly so, its edge at most slightly denticulated; apical margin with two lateral teeth; seventh abdominal segment pointed; pubes- cence mostly pale ochraceous except on dorsum of body, where there is much black pubescence infragilis 7. Pubescence mixed with black on dorsum; carina of sixth dorsal abdominal segment convex laterally; lateral ocellus not nearer edge of vertex than to nearest eye; carina of sixth dorsal abdominal segment with its margin jagged; • This is beneath and anterior to what is superficially the apical rriarpin of the jafTged or emarRinatc crest of the sixth dorsal abdominal segment. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 745 margin of this segment with four teeth; seventh abdominal segment pointed; front tarsi strongly ciliate 8 Pubescence pale yellowish or griseousy rarely mixed with black; sixth dorsal abdominal segment with a jagged carina, its middle usually notched, its apical margin with a lateral tooth and an inner dentiform carina nearer to the lateral tooth than to its fellow of the opposite side brevis 8. Pubescence white; median tooth of sixth abdominal segment nearer to the lateral one than to its fellow of the opposite side generosa Pubescence more ochraceous; median tooth of sixth abdom- inal segment nearer to its fellow than to the lateral one mendica 01 01 M. (Sayapis) pugnata Say. 3M. (S.) sayi Cresson. M. inimica Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 4. °M. (Xanthosarus) melanophea Smith. M. (X.) latimana Say. PI. x, Fig. 1 ; Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 23. Occurs along the coast. New Haven, 20 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.) ; Sachem's Head, Guilford, 1 August, 1904 (H. L. V.) ; Branford, 29 July, 1905 (H. W. W.). *M. (X.) exclamans Viereck. Type-locality: West Thompson, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; also from Stafford, 24 August, 1905 (W. E. B.), on goldenrod or sunflower. M. (Delomegachile, new subgenus) vidua Smith. M. frigida Smith. Branford, 15 July 1904 (H. W. W.). M. (Anthemois) infragilis Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 12. Along the coast. Taken on milkweed and burdock {Arctium lappa) flowers. Branford, 3, II, 22 August, 1904 (H. W. W.) ; Sachem's Head, Guilford, 1 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). M. (Megachile) mendica Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iv, Fig/25. North Haven, 3 August, 1905 ; Westbrook, 30 August, 1904 (H. L. V.). 74^ CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. °M. (M.) generosa Cresson. M. (M.) brevis Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 5. Occurs all over the State, from June to September. Has been taken at Branford, New Canaan, New Haven, North Haven, Poquonock, Rockville, Sachem's Head, Salisbury, Scotland, and Stafford, on sunflower, goldenrod, and milkweed flowers. Coelioxys Latreille. This genus of bees is parasitic upon species of the preceding genus. Key to Species. Females. 1. Clypeus convex 2 Clypeus bilobed; sixth abdominal segment rather abruptly- narrowed sayi 2. First dorsal abdominal segment with apical fasciae, edge of its concavity hardly carinate; scutel rounded or with a blunt tubercle; second to fourth dorsal abdominal seg- ments without oblique basal fasciae 3 First dorsal abdominal segment with apical fasciae, edge of its concavity carinate 6 3. Sixth dorsal abdominal segment slightly sinuate laterally.. 4 Sixth dorsal abdominal segment strongly, abruptly narrowed; legs black; tarsi red dubitata 4. Legs black 5 Legs red octodentata 5. Dorsulum dull moesta Dorsulum shining lucrosa 6. Sixth dorsal abdominal segment curved downward and drawn out into a rounded spine 7 Sixth dorsal abdominal segment with a straight terminal spine; corresponding ventral segment broadly rounded, mucronate, brownish ciliate lucrosa 7. Sixth ventral abdominal segment curved at right angles to its basal half, mucronate, yellowish ciliate moesta Sixth ventral abdominal segment arched, mucronate, yellow- ish ciliate dubitata Males. I. Cheeks with posterior inferior angle beveled or grooved; second and third dorsal abdominal segments without basal fasciae; fifth segment with lateral apical spines; sixth with two lateral and four terminal spines, median sulcus about one-third the width of the segment; scutel rounded or No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 747 with a slight median tubercle; first dorsal abdominal seg- ment with apical fasciae, edge of concavity hardly carinate 2 Cheeks beneath punctate, concave, their posterior edge cari- nate 5 2. Beveled portion of cheeks rather opaque and rough; disc of abdomen opaque, densely punctate, deep transverse basal sulcus on second segment; fourth ventral segment biden- tate, legs black 3 Beveled portion of cheeks shining; impunctate; fourth ventral abdominal segment entire 4 3. Tarsi red dubitata Tarsi black dubitata var. melanopoda 4. Disc of abdomen shining, rather sparsely punctate, sulcus on its second dorsal segment rather shallow; legs black, tibiae and tarsi more or less tinged with red sayi Disc of abdomen opaque, densely punctate, sulcus on its second segment rather deep; legs reddish octodentata 5. Second and third dorsal abdominal segments without basal pubescent fasciae, fifth with rudimentary lateral spines, sixth with two lateral and four terminal spines, median sulcus about one-third the width of the segment; femora blackish brown, tibiae and tarsi more brownish sodalis Second and third dorsal abdominal segments with basal inter- rupted pubescent fasciae, fifth with lateral spines, sixth with two lateral and four terminal spines, median sulcus about one-third the width of the segment; legs black; fourth ventral abdominal segment not spinose lateralis C. sayi Robertson. New Haven, 20 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.) ; New Canaan, 14 September, 1905 (B. H. W.). °C. lucrosa Cresson. *C. moesta Cresson. Type locality: Connecticut (E. N.). C. dubitata Smith. C. rufitarsus Smith. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iv, Fig1. 10. New Haven, 20 July, 1904; 8 October, 1903 (W. E. B.) ; 16 October, 1903 (H. L. V.). *C. dubitata var. melanopoda Viereck (new variety). Type-locality: New Haven, 17 June, 1905, on flowers of wild red raspberry {Rubiis strigosus) (H. L. V.). C. octodentata Say. Howard, Insect Book. PI. iii, Fig. 10. 748 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. North Haven, 3 August, 1905, on flowers of Pycnanthemum; Westbrook, 30 August, 1904, on goldenrod (H. L. V.) ; Bran- ford, 22 August, 1904 (H. W. W.). 1 °C. sodalis Cresson. °C. lateralis Cresson. Osmia "Panzer. The bees of this genus are known as mason-bees, owing to the fact that they construct nests of clay and sand in the inter- stices of stone walls, old fence-posts, trunks of trees, etc. Key to Species. Females, 1. Malar space distinct; ventral scopa black; face with or with- out some black hairs; that section of subdiscoidal vein forming lower border of third discoidal cell longer than principal section of vein separating first and sec®nd dis- coidal cells 2 Malar space wanting; mandibles simple at base 4 2. Clypeus entire 3 Clypeus with a large subquadrate emargination, with denti- form lateral angles; malar space posteriorly with a large compressed tubercle; mandibles with a large triangular inner tooth; basal vein received beyond nervulus lignaria 3. Clypeal margin produced and thickened; mandibles tridentate, with a transverse basal carina; basal vein received before nervulus bucephala Clypeal margin not thickened or produced; mandibles quadri- dentate, with a transverse basal depression; basal vein received a little beyond nervulus purpurea 4. Front without tubercles 5 Front with two tubercles, one above the other; mandibles tri- dentate; clypeus with a shining, somewhat concave, edge; basal vein not received before nervulus; scopa white .. conjuncta 5. Ventral scopa white or yellowish 6 Ventral scopa black; head with pale pubescence Q 6. Scopa white; mandibles quadridentate or tridentate 7 Scopa yellowish; mandibles quadridentate; basal vein re- ceived before nervulus distincta 7. Basal vein not received before nervulus 8 Basal vein received before nervulus; clypeus rather distinctly No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 749 emarginate, with a rather dense apical fascia of dull whitish pubescence; front usually with an opaque blackish patch canadensis 8. Clypeus subquadridentate, with a median emargination and two lateral teeth albiventris Clypeus entire; scopa sometimes blackish on fifth and sixth ventral segments; ventral scopa white pumila 9. Mandibles quadridentate; length 11 mm major Mandibles tridentate; length 8 mm atriventris Males. 1. Apical margin of seventh dorsal abdominal segment entire or slightly emarginate, of sixth entire 2 Apical margin of seventh dorsal abdominal segment bidentate 4 2. Mid tarsi simple 3 Mid tarsi broad, 3-sided; third antennal joint as long as fourth; hind metatarsi arcuate, clavate; hind spur twice as long as its fellow bucephala 3. Mid femora produced beneath; fourth antennal joint as long as second and third combined; hind metatarsi toothed beyond middle; pubescence mixed with black lignaria Mid femora simple; third antennal joint longer than fourth; pubescence pale albiventris 4. Sixth dorsal abdominal segment more or less notched me- dially, not strongly sinuate or dentate; first ventral seg- ment entire 5 Sixth dorsal abdominal segment entire medially, strongly sinuate and strongly dentate laterally; front with two tubercles, one above the other conjuncta 5. Antennae filiform • • •• _ ° Antenna; moniliform; hind metatarsi arcuate, clavate. .simillima 6. Hind metatarsi simple • ••• 7 Hind metatarsi dentate near middle of inner margin; hind spurs equal in length, and nearly one-half length of hind metatarsi vicina- 7. Sixth dorsal abdominal segment strongly notched; dull greenish Sixth dorsal abdominal segment at most with a shallow notch; brassy green; margin of sixth abdominal segment stramineous .purni a 8. Length more than 7.5 mm # 9 Length less than 7.5 mm., or 6.5-7 ™m rustica 9. Length 10 mm .major , .. o atnventns Length 8 mm 750 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. O. (Ceratosmia) lignaria Say. Has been captured in New Haven, 25 May, 1904 (B. H. W.), 4 May, 1904 (H. L. V.), and in Branford, 8, 11, 26, 29 May, 1905 (H. W. W.), visiting apple and quince blossoms. °0. (Centrosmia) bucephala Cresson. O. latitarsis Cresson. O. (Osmia) pumila Cresson. New Haven, 17 June, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). Visits flowers of the red raspberry. O. (O.) major Robertson. New Haven, 9 June, 1905 (B. H. W.) ; Branford, 3 July, 1906, (H. W. W.), visiting flowers of honeysuckle (Lonicera fragran- tissima). O. (O.) simillima Smith. *0. (O.) atriventris Cresson. Farmington ( ?) ; Berlin, 30 June, 1905 (W. E. B.). O. (O.) rustica Cresson. Branford, 29 May, 1905 (H. W. W.), on lilac blossoms. °0. (O.) vicina Cresson. *0. (O.) purpurea Cresson. Farmington ( ?). *0. (Nothosmia) distincta Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 13. Farmington (?). °0. (Monilosmia) canadensis var. cognata Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig. 18. *0. (Diceratosmia) conjuncta Cresson. O. quadridentata. O. cressoni. *0. (Leucosmia) albiventris Cresson. Andronicus Cresson. To this group belong black, slender species. Key to Species. Females. I. Mandibles tridentate; clypeus coarsely punctate; ventral scopa whitish 2 Mandibles quadridentate; clypeus finely punctate; ventral scopa yellowish cylindricus No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 75I 2. Scutel swollen; head beneath smooth, shining, impunctate, edge of cheeks beneath with a row of long incurved hairs; clypeus with a median raised line truncatus Scutel convex; head beneath punctate, long, pilose; clypeus without a raised line productus Males. 1. Fourth to twelfth antennal joints broader than long, apical joint produced to a point; sixth dorsal abdominal seg- ment with lateral apical spines 2 Fourth to seventh antennal joints dilated, eighth and ninth broader than long, tenth to thirteenth longer than broad; seventh dorsal abdominal segment rounded, a little dilated, foveate; first ventral segment produced to a spine, second broad and concave, fourth with visible apical lateral angles cylindricus 2. Seventh dorsal abdominal segment not broadly rounded .... 3 Seventh dorsal abdominal segment broadly rounded, second ventral segment longest, with a transverse subapical ridge truncatus 3. Seventh dorsal abdominal segment produced into a spine; second ventral abdominal segment with a great tooth-like process productus Seventh dorsal abdominal segment produced into a stylus which in outline is finger-shaped; second ventral abdominal segment simple, convex, somewhat swollen pilosifrons *A. (Andronicus) cylindricus Cresson. Farmington ( ?). A. (Alcidamea) truncatus Cresson. New Haven, 28 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.) ; West Thompson, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). A. (A.) productus Cresson. New Haven, 24 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 17 June, 1905 (H. L. V.) ; Poquonock, 2j June, 1905, West Thompson, 12 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *A. (A.) pilosifrons Cresson. Heriades Spinola. A single species of this genus occurs in the State, and this, like allied forms, is black and covered with pale pubescence. H. (Trypetes) carinatus Cresson. Female with the lower border of the mandibles simple, not sinuate; clypeus emarginate, its sides with two or three denticles. 752 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Male with the second ventral abdominal segment subtruncate ; third antennal joint about one-half as long- as the fourth ; flagel stramineous ; clypeus bearded. Occurs all over the State in June, July, and August. Has been taken at Branford, Sachem's Head, Prospect, and Putnam. Dianthidium Cockerell. The French call the species of this genus " resiniers," because they use resin in cementing fragments to form their nests. Key to Species. Females. Vertex black; face, clypeus, thorax, legs, and abdomen macu- lated with yellow; first to fifth dorsal abdominal segments each with a lateral transverse fascia which is indented posteriorly except on first segment; first segment with an additional median transverse fascia; apex of clypeus simple simile Vertex with a transverse reddish or yellowish band along its posterior margin; face with a stramineous portion that is partly yellowish stramineous, partly reddish stramineous or yellow, on each side of the black, partly yellow clypeus; rest of head black; thorax with yellowish or reddish maculae; legs entirely, or almost entirely, yellowish or red- dish; first dorsal abdominal segment with a yellow or red- dish mark on each side, second with an interrupted fascia, third, fourth, and fifth divided into three parts by a nearly quadrate yellow mark on each side notatum Males. Sixth dorsal abdominal segment with an abbreviated, im- perfect, median raised line just at apex of segment; its apical margin not toothed; seventh in form of an oblong plate, which is prolonged to form an apical, short, rounded production of apical margin of segment, which is emargin- ate on each side of this apical process; maculated like the female; in addition, clypeus all yellow, mandibles maculated, and seventh dorsal abdominal segment mostly yellow simile Sixth dorsal abdominal segment and other parts maculated essentially as in the female of notatum notatum D. simile Cresson. Farmington ? NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 753 D. notatum Latreille. Sachem's Head, i August, 1904 (H. L. V.). ceratinim:. These are the small carpenter-bees, represented in this State by a single genus and two species. Ceratina Latreille. Key to Species. Females. Length 7-8 mm., bluish green, wings faintly smoky; tubercles white or cream color; without a pale lateral face mark. Males. Apical abdominal plate not subacute, lip-like in outline; tubercles pale, white or cream-color; mandibles dark at base; anterior tibise blue in front, light stripe on outer side poorly defined or absent; face and disc of dorsal abdominal segments closely punctate dupla Apical plate of abdomen subacute; tubercles as in dupla; brassy green; arms of clypeal mark about equal; anterior tibiae with a white line extending their entire length; length 5-6 mm metallica C. dupla Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 25. Occurs all over the State in May, June, July, and August, replacing the pith of elder, etc., with its cells, and visiting flowers of the red raspberry and goldenrod. Has been taken at Branford, New Haven, Colebrook, Prospect, Stafford, and Stonington. C. metallica H. S. Smith. The females of this species appear to be indistinguishable from the females of dupla. Plantsville, 15 October, 1906 (A. R. Selig). XYLOCOPID^E. This family is represented in Connecticut by a single species, the well-known carpenter-bee, which sometimes makes itself dis- liked by tunneling in posts used to support buildings. Xylocopa virginica Drury. PI. x, Fig. 2. Superficially like Bremus impatiens, but the male has a " white face." No doubt occurs throughout the State from May to October. Visits apple blossoms. Branford, New Haven, and Hertford. 48 754 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. apidje. This family consists of the well known honey-bees and bumble-bees. Key to Genera. 1. Hind tibiae with two apical spurs 2 Hind tibiae without apical spurs Apis p. 760 2. Females and workers 3 Males 5 3. Hind tibiae more or less concave, bare, with hairs along the margin forming a pollen-basket or corbicula 4 Hind tibiae convex, evenly hairy Psithyrus p. 759 4. Ocelli above the narrowest part of the front, the lateral ones about as far from the eyes as from each other . . Bremus p. 754 Ocelli in the narrowest part of the front, the lateral ones farther from each other than from the eyes ...Bombias p. 758 5. Malar space about as long as wide; ocelli vertical, the lateral ones about as far from the eyes as from each other; third antennal joint shorter than the fifth 6 Malar space much shorter than wide; ocelli frontal, the lateral ones less than their diameter from the eyes; vertex depressed, third antennal joint in length equalling or ex- ceeding fifth Bombias p. 758 6. Outer face of hind tibiae wth hair not much shorter than that of posterior border 7 Outer face of hind tibiae bare or nearly so, posterior border with long hair Bremus p. 754 7. Vertex with black pubescence; a band of black pubescence between wings Bremus p. 754 Vertex with yellow pubescence, or with most of its hair black; with or without a band of black pubescence be- tween wings Psithyrus p. 759 Bremus Panzer. Bombus Latreille. To this and the succeeding- genus belong the most conspicuous of the local wild bees. These are usually called " bumble-bees," though in Europe there are species of Bremus that are called " carder bees." All of them live in nests usually constructed underground in meadows, pastures, and other localities, each nest containing many workers, females, and males. Bumble-bees are frequent visitors of various flowers and they store a small amount of honey in a comb of few cells. The carder bees or carding bees are so called owing to their interesting habit of carding and plaiting the moss with which they build their nests. It is said No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 755 that, when in the act of building, these bees form a line from the site of the prospective nest to the moss supply, all facing the moss ; the first bee bites off a piece of the moss, cards and rolls it with its jaws and feet, then passes it on to the second bee, where it is again manipulated and passed to the third ; and so it goes along the line until it reaches the nest, where it is incorporated with wax into a dome-like structure. No such habits have as yet been observed in connection with our native species. Key to Species. Females and Workers, 1. Vertex with black pubescence like mesonotum 2 Vertex with yellow pubescence like mesonotum 7 2. Mesonotum with a band of yellow pubescence in front; base of labrum as in vagans 3 Mesonotum with yellow pubescence, and some black hairs in center; base of labrum with two elevations; other pubes- cence similarly colored to pubescence in var. consimilis vagans 3. Scutellar hairs pale 4 Scutellar hairs black, sometimes mixed with yellow; second and third dorsal abdominal segments with yellow pubes- cence 6 4. Scutellar hairs yellow 5 Scutellar hairs yellow with the exception of an admixture of black hairs; first and fourth dorsal abdominal segments with yellow pubescence, second and third with orange, fifth and sixth with black, and venter with black pubes- cense; malar space as long as wide ternarius 5. First to fourth dorsal abdominal segments with yellow pubes- cence; malar space slightly longer than wide fervidus First dorsal abdominal segment with yellow pubescence, second with pubescence yellow and brownish; malar space wider than long affims 6. Apical dorsal abdominal segment with blackish pubescence, first segment with yellow pubescence, mixed with black on lateral basal angles, or entire basal portion black, apical margin always with yellow hairs more abundant in middle pennsylvanicus Apical dorsal abdominal segment with yellow hairs, basal segment with black pubescence terricola 7. First dorsal abdominal segment not the only dorsal segment with yellow pubescence; malar space as long as or longer than wide ° First dorsal abdominal segment only with yellow pubescence; disc of mesonotum with black hairs; labrum with a basal 756 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. ridge forming a subquadrate sinus nearly reaching apical margin; malar space shorter than wide impatiens 8. First, second, and third dorsal abdominal segments with yellow pubescence; fourth segment in addition sometimes with all or most of its pubescence yellow g First and second dorsal abdominal segments, only, with more or less yellow pubescence; mesonotum with some black hairs; base of labrum with two tubercles or elevations.. 10 9. Labrum bituberculate perplexus Labrum not bituberculate but medially impressed borealis 10. Second dorsal abdominal segment with yellow hairs on basal middle bimaculatus Second dorsal abdominal segment with yellow pubescence throughout except sometimes apically, where it may be more or less black. vagans var. consimilis Males. 1. Hind tibiae rather evenly covered with short hair; antennae with fifth joint nearly as long as third and fourth com- bined; vertex with black pubescence, a band of black hairs on mesonotum between insertion of wings 2 Hind tibiae with short, sparse hair on outer face, posterior border with its hair as long as diameter of joint 5 2. First to fifth dorsal abdominal segments not all with yellow pubescence 3 First to fifth dorsal abdominal segments with yellow pubescence 4 3. First to fourth dorsal abdominal segments with yellow pubes- cence, fifth, sixth, and seventh with their pubescence black or fulvous, or yellow with fulvous at tip, yellow with black at tip, or black with fulvous at tip pennsylvanicus First dorsal abdominal segment apparently alone with yel- low pubescence (sometimes there is some yellow pubes- cence at the base of second segment) impatiens 4. Sixth and seventh dorsal abdominal segments with black pubescence in middle, apex with black pubescence. . .borealis Sixth and seventh dorsal abdominal segments with all pubescence black f ervidus 5. Vertex with part or all of its hair black 6 Vertex with yellow pubescence; first, second, and third dorsal abdominal segments with yellow pubescence, fourth with yellow or black pubescence, next two segments with most or all of their hair black, apex of dorsum of abdomen with pale hairs; venter with pale pubescence perplexus 6. Vertex with its hair partly black 7 Vertex with all of its hair black; mesonotum with yellow pubescence and a transverse band of black pubescence; NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 757 first and second dorsal abdominal segments with yellow hairs, apex with black pubescence affinis 7. Mesonotum with its yellow pubescence not restricted to anterior half 8 Mesonotum with yellow pubescence only in front; second and third dorsal abdominal segments and apex of abdomen with yellowish pubescence terricola 8. Mesonotum with yellow pubescence throughout; first, fourth, and fifth dorsal abdominal segments with some or all of their pubescence yellow, second with most of its hairs yellow, those at extreme sides black, apex of abdomen with black pubescence above, venter with most of its pubes- cence pale yellow bimaculatus Mesonotum with a transverse band of black pubescence; first to fourth dorsal abdominal segments with yellow pubes- cence, fifth mostly with yellow, sixth and seventh with black, second and third with orange pubescence, venter with pale pubescence ternanus B. vagans Smith. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ii, Fig. 10. Occurs throughout the State, from May to September. Bran- ford, Colebrook, Prospect, Stonington. B. vagans var. consimilis Cresson. Occurs all over the State in May, June, July and August. Visits apple blossoms. B. fervidus Fabricius. New Haven, Branford, East Hartford, Mt. Carmel, Salisbury, Torrington, and Milford, in May, June, July, and August (E. J. S. M., H. W. W., W. E. B., P. L. B., H. L. V.). B. affinis Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ii, Fig. 6. Occurs throughout the State. Branford, Colebrook, New Haven, and Salisbury. B. ternarius Say. Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Fig. 26. Recorded from the State, but is probably confined to the more northern and elevated portions, as it belongs to the Canadian fauna. B. pennsylvanicus Degeer. B. americanorum Fabricius. Howard, Insect Book, PI. i, Figs. 30 and 31. Seems to fly in all parts of the State from May to August inclusive. 758 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. B. terricola Kirby. PI. x, Fig. 8 ; Howard, Insect Book, PI. ii, Figs, i and 5. Branford, 15 May, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Colebrook, 21 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). B. impatiens Harris. B. virginicus Fabricius. PI. x, Fig. 11. Occurs throughout the State from April to September. Bran- ford, New Haven, Putnam and Salisbury. *B. perplexus Cresson. Branford, 29 July, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Westville, 13 May, 1905 (W. E. B.). °B. borealis Kirby. *B. bimaculatus Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ii, Figs. 4 and 8. New Haven, 13, 27 June, 1902 (E. J. S. M.), 3 June, 20 July, 1904, 11 May, 1905 (W. E. B.) ; Branford, 8, 11, 29 May, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Southington, 11 July, 1904 (W. E. B.). Bombias Robertson. This genus greatly resembles Br emus, from which it was segregated in 1903. Two species are found in Connecticut. Key to Species. Females. Lateral ocellus nearly equidistant from eye and supra-orbital line; front of thorax yellow; labrum with a transverse in- terrupted ridge at base; third antennal joint as long as fourth and fifth joints combined, fourth and fifth being equal; vertex yellow or with two yellow lines or tufts; scutel yellow or black, or mixed; first abdominal segment in middle always black, hairs often extending over base of second; second and third segments yellow; malar space about as long as wide auricomus Lateral ocellus about twice as far from eye as from supra- orbital line; thorax yellow, its disc mixed with black pubes- cence; first dorsal abdominal segment and middle of basal part of second yellow, sometimes inclining to reddish; malar space shorter than wide separatus Males. Ocelli located in narrowest part of front; malar space about one-third as long as wide; third antennal joint equal in length to fifth; pubescence of first dorsal abdominal seg- NO. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 759 ment and base of second, and on mesonotum, mostly or en- tirely yellow separates Ocelli located below narrowest part of front; malar space approximately one-half as long as wide; third antennal joint equal in length to fourth and fifth joints combined; mesonotum, first, second, and third dorsal abdominal seg- ments and sometimes fourth also, with part or all of their pubescence, yellow auricomus B. separatus Cresson. New Haven, May, 1903 (W. E. B.). B. auricomus Robertson. Branford, 22 May, 1905 (H. W. W.). Psithyrus LePeletier. In this genus we have the false or parasitic bumble-bees. They have no workers, only queens and males, and live at the expense of their hosts, the true bumble-bees. Key to Species. Females. 1. Abdomen finely punctate 2 Abdomen coarsely punctate; pubescence long, coarse, blunt; third dorsal segment usually, first, second, and fourth often, more or less yellow laterally; pleurae yellow; meso- notum yellow, often with some black hairs on its disc laboriosus 2. Abdominal pubescence short, fine, black, rarely a little yellow on lateral apical margins of fourth dorsal segment; pleurae and space between wings with black pubescence ...variabilis Abdominal pubescence long, 1 mm. or nearly 1 mm. in length, black except on third and fourth dorsal segments, on the former of which part of the pubescence is pale yellowish, and, on the latter, it is all yellowish; pleurae and posterior half of dorsum of thorax with black pubescence; wings brownish ashtoni Males. 1. Pleurae entirely covered with yellow pubescence; fourth dor- sal abdominal segment covered with entirely black pubes- cence 2 Pleurae at least partly covered with dark brown or black pu- bescence ■> ■ 3 2. Dorsulum with black hairs in center laboriosus Dorsulum with a transverse band of black pubescence laboriosus var. contiguus 5 760 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 3. First dorsal abdominal segment covered with yellow pubes- cence ashtoni First dorsal abdominal segment entirely dark variabilis P. laboriosus Fabricius. P. citrinus Smith. Howard, Insect Book, PI. ii, Fig. 22. Branford, 3 August, 1905 (H. W. W.) ; Salisbury, 30 August, 1904 (W. E. B.). *P. laboriosus var. contiguus Cresson. P. ashtoni Cresson. New Haven, 4 July, 1905 (H. L. V.). *P. variabilis Cresson. Howard, Insect Book, PI. iii, Fig- 35- Apis Linnaeus. The bees of this genus are regarded as the most highly devel- oped, not only of the Hymenoptera, but of all insects. A. melli- fera Linnaeus and its varieties, commonly known as the honey-bee, furnish the honey and wax of commerce and were all introduced into America from various parts of Europe. Many volumes have been published about honey-bees, and it is unnecessary to discuss them here at great length. The reader is referred to Maeterlinck's " Life of the Bee " for a popular ac- count, and to Farmers' Bulletin No. 447, United States Depart- ment of Agriculture, for an introduction to the vast technical literature on this subject. A. mellifera Linnaeus. A. mellifica Linnaeus. Honey-bee. PI. x, Fig. 3. Domestic and wild swarms found throughout the State. Visits many flowers, including apple, pear, peach, and blackberry. Howard, Insect Book, gives the following illustrations: Head and tongue of worker bee Fig. 1, p. 4. Heads of queen and drone Fig, 2, p. 5. Queen cells and worker brood Fig. 3, p. 7. Queen honey-bee Fig. 4, p. 7. Legs of different bees j pj|; ^ £ Q APPENDIX. Since the manuscript of this bulletin was sent tovthe printer it has been learned that the following additional species occur in Connecticut. They are included here in order to make the work more complete. tenthredinoidea* tenthredinim:. Diprion simile Hartig. Lophyrus similis. A robust species from Europe, the larvae feeding upon leaves of various species of pine. First discovered in this country at New Haven in 1914, and has apparently become established here. For a full account of habits, life history, and parasites of this spe- cies, see Journal of Economic Entomology, viii, 379; Report of Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station for 1915. The fol- lowing description of the adults was printed in Journal of Eco- nomic Entomology, viii, 380: — "Male: Wing-spread, 14 mm. ( T9^ inch). Length, 7 mm. Large pectinate antennae. Head and pronotum coarsely punc- tured. Head, antennas and body, black. Cerci and tip of the last abdominal segment, orange. Legs yellow, with the trochanters and basal two-thirds of the femora, brownish black. " Female: Wing-spread, 20 mm. (little over y$ inch). Length, 8 mm. ( T% inch). Robust, head and antennae black. Thorax coarsely punctured, yellow with a large shield-shaped black spot on mesothorax, extending from the interior margin and covering about two-thirds of the space between the parapsidal grooves. On either side are a pair of L-shaped black marks which approach each other posteriorly. Posterior margin of the mesothorax, postscutellum and prosternum, black. Abdomen yellow with dorsal surface of 3d, 4th, 5th, 6th, and the anterior portion of 7th segment, black. Legs yellow with the outer surface of hind femora, the apex of the middle and hind tarsi, dark." New Haven, 27 August, 1914 (W. E. B.) ; Derby, 11 June, 1915 (M. P. Zappe); New Canaan, 24 June, 1915 (Q. S. Lowry 761 762 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. and M. P. Zappe) ; Hartford, 28 June, 1915 (Q. S. Lowry) ; Greenwich, 24 September, 191 5 (M. P. Zappe). (See page 43 for key to other species of Diprion.) Emphytus cinctus Linnaeus. European Rose Sawfly. This species feeds upon rose and raspberry in Europe, and the larvse have been found many times in the pith of cut stems of manetti rose stock imported into Connecticut from France and England. It may become established in this country. The following description is copied from F. V. Theobald's Insect Pests of Fruits, page 435 : — " Adult 12 to 14 mm. General colour shiny black; head black, with fuscous grey down ; palpi and labrum black* but the latter may be pale grey, and also the apex of the former ; the nine- jointed antennae are deep black. Thorax black, with two round yellow to white spots, placed posteriorly. " Abdomen shiny black, a small but distinct pale blotch on the middle of the posterior of the first segment ; the fifth seg- ment has a dull white to bright white basal band spreading out at the sides and passing ventrally; the apex is hairy, curved and projecting. Legs, with the anterior aftd mid coxae and trochanters black and testaceous; the hind coxae and trochanters yellowish- white; the fore and mid femora are black, except at the apex where they are testaceous or reddish, in the hind femora the base is white ; tibiae and tarsi brick-dust red, but the tarsi show fuscous shades, especially apically. " Wings hyaline, with a small pale basal spot ; costa reddish brown to brown ; stigma black apically. " The male is much like the female, but has no pale area on the fifth segment, the whole being shiny black; the antennae are very similar but a trifle thicker; the hind femora are entirely dark, and the palpi are quite white apically." (See page 55 for key to other species of Emphytus.) *Tenthredo lobata maculosa Smulyan. This subspecies was described in Canadian Entomologist, vol- ume xlvii, p. 324, 1915, as follows: — " Tenthredella lobata (Norton), subspecies maculosa Smul- yan. "Allantus lobatus var. a. Norton, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., vii, i860, p. 253, n. 32, 8°. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 763 Tenthredo lobatus var. a. Norton, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc, ii, 1868-69, p. 229, n. 6, 8°. " Norton's specimen of var. a, as far as I know, is lost, but there is an authentic female specimen from Connecticut in the Norton Collection in the Peabody Museum, Yale University. Can this specimen be the original one? " Female. — Differs from lobata lobata as follows : — " Head. — A yellowish, or yellowish white spot, or longitu- dinal line usually on the posterior portion of the vertex plate on each side, very often a minute elongate spot at the terminus of each arm of the epicranial suture ; the black spot on the posterior half of the cheek sometimes coalesces with that along the upper part of the eye; basal segment of antennae usually black inside, and the yellowish line outside sometimes absent. Supraantennal ridges from moderately prominent to prominent. " Thorax. — Margin of pronotum not interrupted antero- dorsally; V-spot,on prescutum very often not complete posterior- ly; the following additional parts yellow or yellowish white, — a short longitudinal line on the mesoscutum on each side of the posterior portion of the prescutum, a triangular spot at the pos- terior end of the mesoscutum immediately in front of each an- terior angle of the mesoscutellum, the anterior margin of the mesoscutellum in part (rarely), a small spot on the metascutum behind and under each cenchrus, and the greater mesal upper half of the metapostscutellum ; as a rule only a small spot at the upper anterior angle of the mesoepisternum, and very often a small yellowish white, or straw-colored spot at the posterior end of the pectus on each side of the median longitudinal suture. Mes- oscutellum from slightly to moderately convex; mesepisternum from moderately to fairly sharply pointed. "Abdomen. — Venter with only the pleura straw-color. " Legs. — Trochanters black above, sometimes almost entirely ; anterior femora usually black behind; very frequently interme- diate femora black except more or less before; the black on apical portion of posterior tibiae often more extensive above — about half-way up towards base. " Wings. — Fore wings sometimes hyaline ; costa not brown. " Described from a type and five paratypes, the female in the Peabody Museum referred to above being selected as the type. Two of the paratypes are in the collection of the Boston Society 764 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. of Natural History, two in the collection of the American En- tomological Society at Philadelphia, and the fifth is in the col- lection of the Conn. Agricultural Experiment Station at New Haven, Conn. " Male. — The male differs from the female as follows : — greater part of lateral face of pronotum straw-color ; an approxi- mately right-angled band on the mesoepisternum, posterior mesal half of pectus, and basal half of venter entirely, straw-color; intermediate coxae black only at base above, the posterior coxae except inside and inner longitudinal half beneath, and the apical two-thirds of the posterior tibiae black (continued to base above). "Length. — Female 11-13 mm.: male 11 mm. " The male is here for the first time described, and is the only one that I have seen. It belongs in the collection of the Boston Society of Natural History. " This subspecies approaches iisheri Rohwer from Maryland, and may prove to be the same." Type locality : Farmington, Connecticut. Westville, New Haven, 17 June, 1905 (W. E. B.). (For key to other species of Tenthredo, see page 83). ichneumonoidea. vipionim:. Habrobraconidea Viereck. Related to Habrobracon (Ashmead) Johnson, from which it may be known by the antennae being practically as long as the body and filiform, by the second abscissa of the cubitus being dis- tinctly shorter than the first abscissa of the radius, by the pres- ence of a median longitudinal embossed area on the second and third dorsal abdominal segments, and by the Atanycolus-Mke habitus. *H. bicoloripes Viereck. Female: Length 3.5-5 mm.; black and shining; first joint of flagel a little longer than the second, superior and posterior orbits, the latter above, more or less brownish ; mesosternum brownish ; wings infuscated, second abscissa of radius as long as, or a little shorter than, the first transverse cubitus, and a little longer than the second transverse cubitus ; hind coxae, trochan- ters and femora reddish ; propodeum with a median longitudinal No. 22.] HYMBNOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 765 embossed area on the second dorsal abdominal segment extend- ing a little beyond the middle, apex of second dorsal segment subemarginate, the false suture between the second and third seg- ments crenulate; abdomen reddish throughout and mostly pol- ished, the second dorsal segment with a faint carina on the middle of each side ; hypopygium sharply pointed and surpassing the pygidium ; exserted portion of ovipositor nearly as long as the body. The sculpture of the second dorsal abdominal segment is sub- ject to variation, and the basal embossed, area on the third dorsal segment may be poorly developed or virtually wanting. Type locality : Rainbow. Reared from shoots of Pinus rigida infested by Pissodes strobi, June 25, 1910 (S. N. Spring). braconim:. Bucculatriplex Viereck. Related to Heterogamies Wesmael, from which it differs es- pecially in the Polystenidea-like abdomen, there being four ab- dominal segments visible dorsally ; in the second segment being nearly twice as long as the first and distinctly longer than the fol- lowing segments combined ; in the trapezoidal second submar- ginal cell ; in the simple propodeum with a petiolarea and a me- dian longitudinal carina from the latter to the base; and in the faintly impressed sternauli. Heterogamies does not occur in Connecticut. In the table of Connecticut genera of Sigalphidse this genus agrees best with the description of Aleiodes, from which it differs radically in the abdomen as described above. *B. secundus Viereck (new species). Female: length 1.75 mm.; blackish brown; face including clypeus, mouth parts, malar space and lower part of cheeks, scape, pedicel, legs, and first, second and third ventral abdominal seg- ments mostly stramineous, the legs paler than the face, mandibles with dark tips, scape and pedicel above and rest of antennae throughout, mostly blackish brown ; wings almost colorless with a yellowish cast, the veins and stigma very pale stramineous ; tarsal joints especially apically, onychii and claws throughout with a blackish brown tinge, the onychii and claws darkest ; ab- domen tessellately sculptured. ?66 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Type locality: Baltic, 8 September, 1910. B. sp. Bred from cage containing birch leaves infested with Buccu- latrix canadensisella Chambers. Emerged 16 March, 191 1 (B, H. W.). This may prove to be the female of Bucculatriplex buccu- latricis (Ashmead), a species reared from a Bucculatrix on oak, June 10, 1886, at Washington, D. C. CAPITONIIDiE. Capitonius Brulle. This is the only genus of this family found in the United States. C. saperdae Ashmead. Promachus. Cenoccelius. The original description, under Promachus, is only a brief mention in Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. ii, page 653, 1888; but the type is still in the U. S. National Museum. For keys to the species of Capitonius see Canadian Entomologist, Vol. xlvi, page 316, by S. A. Rohwer. The characters which separate saperdce from the other species are as follows : " Abdomen rufous ; head and thorax black ; first tergite more or less striate, and with an embossed area, defined by strong ca- rinas which extend beyond the middle of the tergite; notauli strongly foveolate." C. saperdcr is a parasite of Saperda Candida in elm. Wallingford, 22 June, 1912 (D. J. Caffrey) ; Hamden, 15 June, 1911 (W.E.B.). ichneumonidje. Anomalon Panzer. Nototrachys Marshall. Agrees with Erigorgus as described in this Bulletin except in the clypeus which has its anterior edge rounded. A. sp. Hamden, 28 May, 191 1 (B. H.W.). *Scambus (Iseropus) viduiformis Viereck. Male : length 7-8.5 mm. ; this may prove to be the male of Pimpla vidua Walsh, the female of which alone is known. An- tennae yellow to brownish beneath, blackish above, propodeum No. 22.] HTMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. j6j punctate, its angles tipped with yellow; no reddish spot above the mid coxae and trochanters which are almost entirely yellow- ish, mid tibiae without a trace of an annulus, hind legs with the coxae and femora reddish throughout and their trochanters yellow, hind tibiae with the apical third blackish. Second to sixth dorsal abdominal segments, inclusive, sometimes with a subapical, transverse, medially more or less interrupted stripe. Type locality: New Haven, April 20, 1910 (A. B. C). Reared from spider egg-sacs on nursery stock imported from Europe. Type: Cat. No. 15035, U. S. N. M. (For key to other species of this genus, see page 318.) Xylophruridea Viereck. Related to Cryptus Fabricius. Mandibles not gibbose at base, notauli indicated only ante- riorly, propodeal spiracles round. The sternauli in this genus are very poorly defined, so that this might be taken to be a relative of Xylonomus Gravenhorst, were it not for the traces of sternauli. X. luctuosus (Provancher). X. agrili Viereck. Mesocho- rus luctuosus Provancher. Echthrus luctuosus (Provancher). Female and male: length, 8 mm.; flagel, 20-25 jointed, an- tennae usually with a whitish annulus; body including most ap- pendages black or blackish ; wings mostly almost colorless, tinged with brown, with a brownish substigmal band and brownish tips, veins brownish and blackish, stigma blackish; basal transverse carina present, other carinae virtually wanting, the median longitudinal carinae somewhat represented between the basal transverse carina and base of propodeum, making an ill circum- scribed basal area; exserted portion of ovipositor hardly half as long as the abdomen. Reared from Agrilus vittaticollis in West Virginia, by F. E. Brooks. Reared from galls of Agrilus champlaini on Ostrya vir- ginica, collected at Lyme, n April, 1912, by H. B. Kirk. cynipoidea. cynipim:. Cynips cristata Stebbins. Oak tufted gall. Insect Galls of Springfield, Mass., and vicinity, Bulletin 2, Springfield Museum of Natural History, page 24. 768 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. " A polythalamous gall on the upper side of the leaf, usually on a vein. About i mm. in diameter. Covered with a dense mass of silky hairs about 0.5 mm. long. Red when young, soon becoming1 brown. On scarlet oak, Quercus coccinea, and scrub oak, Q. nana." Evidently the insect is unknown. The galls have been re- ported from Connecticut by Dr. George Dimmock. (For other species of Cynips see pages 403 and 404.) Amphibolips cooki Gillette. Described in the 27th Report on the Agriculture of Michigan, 1888, page 475, reprinted in Psyche, Vol. v, page 220, 1889. Beutenmiiller redescribed this species in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. xxvi, page 58, 1909, and re- ports it as occurring in Connecticut. His description follows : — " Female. Head black, face rugoso-aciculate, the furrows spreading out like a fan from either side of the clypeus ; vertex and sides coarsely rugose. Antennae 13- jointed. Thorax black and rather closely aciculated. Parapsidal grooves indistinct, and scarcely traceable. Anterior parallel lines very indistinct. Pleurae finely and obliquely aciculated. Scutellum coarsely rugose, with the foveae large, deep and shining. Abdomen dark reddish brown to almost black*, smooth and shining, and exceed- ingly minutely punctate. Legs dark reddish brown, pubescent; coxae blackish. Wings slightly dusky, hyaline, with a large dark brown patch at the base of the radial cell. Length 5.50 mm. " Gall. Issuing from a bud on the terminal twigs of red oak (Quercus rubra) in September and October. Almost globular and usually with a small nipple at the apex. Green and succulent and spotted with red. when fresh, and with the outer shell moderately thick. Internally with a central larval cell held in position by radiating fibres. When old the gall becomes brown and shriveled in appearance. Diameter about 16 to 18 mm." Amphibolips tinctoriee Ashmead. Described in Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. xix, page 125, 1896; redescribed and reported from Connecticut by Beutenmiiller in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. xxvi, page 59, 1909, as follows : — " Female. Head black, rugose. Antennae 13- jointed, dark brown. Thorax striate-rugose more or less distinctly striated ; NO. 22] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 769 the striae are sometimes oblique and irregular. Parapsidal grooves obliterated, or only slightly indicated anteriorly. Scutel- lum coarsely rugose with the fovese large, deep and separated by a carina. Pleurae rugose, usually pubescent and sometimes with a raised polished area. Abdomen black, dark brown beneath, and margins of second and following segments brown. Legs reddish yellow. Wings hyaline, veins distinct, dark brown, first cross-vein angulated and enclosed in a brown patch. Areolet large. Length 4.6 to 5 mm. " Gall. Issuing from a bud on quercitron or yellow oak (Quercus velutina) and red oak (Quercus rubra) in autumn. Almond-shaped, acuminate, at tip, compressed with the opposite sides keeled. Green or red when fresh and brown when old. Rather thick-shelled and smooth. Internally it is hollow with a central larval cell held in position by radiating fibres. Length 12 to 20 mm." (For other species of Amphibolips see pages 404-408.) Andricus (Callirhytis) fructicola Ashmead. Originally described in Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. xix, page 131, 1896, as follows: — " Gall. This gall consists simply of the white kernel or larval cell embedded in the interior or meaty portion of the acorn, or when on the outside near its base, generally hidden by the cup. " Two or three acorns in Dr. Riley's collection, affected by this species, when cut open, revealed more than a dozen larval cells, closely pressing upon one another, and filling the whole in- terior of the acorn. " Gall-fly. Female. Length 3 to 3.6 mm. Brownish red, the eyes and middle and posterior tibiae dark brown. "Antennae 13-jointed, filiform, the scape clavate, as long as the third joint, the fourth joint one-third shorter than the third. Head and thorax closely, minutely rugosely punctate, subpubes- cent; the parapsidal grooves distinct, entire; anteriorly are two short grooves reaching to near the middle of the mesonotum, and the groove on the shoulders is long. Foveae of scutellum large, separated only by a carina. Mesopleura punctate, slightly aciculated posteriorly. Abdomen longer than the head and thorax together, gradually rounded off posteriorly, and [as seen] from below a little obliquely rounded, the second segment occupying 49 J JO CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. two-thirds of its whole length, the sutures running obliquely for- ward to the venter, ventral valve hidden, the sheaths of oviposi- tor short but slightly projecting. Wings hyaline, veins pale brown, the cubitus and radius very slender, pale, the vein at base of marginal cell arcuate, the areolet wanting." Recorded from Connecticut by W. Beutenmuller. A. glandulus Beutenmuller. The original description was published in Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, Vol. viii, page 103, 1913, and Connecticut is included in the area of distribution of this insect. The original description is reproduced here : — " Female. Form robust. Uniform light cinnamon-brown. Legs somewhat paler with the middle and hind femora dark brown. Head finely granulated and subtriangular in shape. Antennae 14- jointed, stout, and almost uniform in width, 1st joint long, 2nd small, 3rd long, 4th, 5th and 6th shorter than the 3rd and sub- equal. The following joints small and almost equal in size. Thorax robust, about as long as broad, finely and evenly granulated. Parapsidal grooves well defined, punctate, inwardly curved ante- riorly, thence parallel nearly to the scutellum where they curve outwardly and converge, though fairly well apart. Anterior parallel grooves fine and extending a little beyond the middle of the thorax where they are slightly divergent. Lateral grooves short. Collar rugose. Pleurae minutely aciculated. Scutellum more granulated than the thorax with a broad prominent trans- verse shining groove or channel at the base. Abdomen well rounded dorsally, the large second segment smooth, the follow- ing segments microscopically punctate. At the base of the second segment are a few minute whitish hairs. Sheath of ovipositor black, stout and extending upward but not beyond the anal seg- ment. Wings pale, hyaline, cross and basal veins heavy, yellowish brown and very slightly clouded with the same color, outer veins faint; radial area broad and open at the costal margin; second cross-vein bluntly angulate or rounded outwardly; areolet very small ; cubitus fine and not extending to the cross-vein. Length 2.50 to 3.25 mm. " Gall. In the cups of acorns of swamp white oak (Qacrcus platanoides), burr oak (Q. macrocarpa) , dwarf chestnut oak (Q. prinoides), chestnut oak (Q. prinus), and probably other trees NO. 22] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 771 belonging to the white oak group. Monothalamous. The gall is formed in a cavity, causing more or less bulging and swelling of the acorn cup. It is an elongate body averaging when well developed 5 mm. long and not quite half as wide. The sides are sometimes parallel, but more often slightly bulging or sometimes longitudinally ribbed or smooth; whitish green, yellowish, often with a roseate tinge. The base is truncate and covered with a whitish down. The crown is flattened or slightly concave with a small central conical nipple. The mouth of the cavity in the acorn cup is either strongly fimbriated or simple, according to the nature of the cup scales, and thus either concealing the gall or exposing a large part of it. The larva lies in a cell near the top of the gall. Sometimes the galls deform the acorns." (For other species of Andricus see pages 409-434.) Rhodites globuloides Beutenmuller. Originally described in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. xxiii, page 638, as follows: — " Female. Head black, finely and evenly punctate, with micro- scopic hairs. Antennae black, first and second joints rufous, third joint piceous. Thorax evenly rugose, subopaque. Anterior lines wanting. Median groove from the scutellum scarcely visible. Parapsidal grooves very obsolete, slightly evident posteriorly. Pleurae rugose, subopaque, somewhat shining beneath the wings. Scutellum very rugose, black. Abdomen and legs rufous. Wings subhyaline, yellowish; radial cell heavily clouded with brown on the veins with the disc hyaline, the brown shade extends be- yond the veins. Length 3 mm. " Gall. Polythalamous. Smooth, rounded or oblong, arising at each end abruptly from the branch. Green and fleshy when fresh; and brown, soft and corky when dry. Measures from about 10 to about 22 mm. in width and 35 mm. in length." Beutenmuller records this species from Connecticut. Mystic, 3, 12, 14 March, 1915 (I. W. Davis). R. gracilis Ashmead. Described in Proceedings U. S. National Museum, Vol. xix, page 135, 1896; reprinted by Beutenmuller in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, Vol. xxiii, page 645, 1907, and habitat is given as unknown. The original description is as follows : — 772. CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. " Gall. An irregular, inflated, rounded gall, with the top broadened and somewhat flattened, the edges surrounded with short, blunt tubercles, which are probably the apices of elevated ribs. " Gall-fly. Male and female. Length, 2.2 to 3 mm. In the male the two basal antennal joints and legs are red ; in the female the whole abdomen is red ; rest of the insect black. Head finely, closely punctate, the vertex almost smooth, thorax, scutellum, and pleura rugose, parapsidal grooves distinct posteriorly, some- what obliterated by the sculpture anteriorly, the middle lobe with a central longitudinal depression. Antennae 14-jointed, the third joint very long, more than twice as long as the fourth. Wings hyaline, veins brown, the areolet large, cubital cell almost closed ; in the female the basal vein of the closed radial cell and the radius are surrounded with a dusky cloud, which is wanting in the male." Galls on rose, probably Rosa Carolina, answering this descrip- tion, were received from Sharon, 27 August, 1915, where they were collected by Mrs. Harriet K. Taylor. (For other species of Rhodites see pages 440-442.) CHALCIDOIDEA. miscogasteridje. This family is not included in the key to families, but is related to the Perilampidae and Eurytomidae, from which it differs in the pronotum being conical, or conically produced anteriorly, or very short, transverse-linear and very much narrowed medially, rarely as wide as the mesonotum, rarely transverse-quadrate; furthermore, in this family the mesepisternum is triangular, not large. The fore femora are never much swollen, and the hind femora are also normal or only slightly swollen ; the marginal vein in the hind wings usually long; the costal cell not reaching to the hooklets or spinulae and most frequently narrow ; radius well developed. This family is superficially like the Pteromalidse, from which it differs especially in its two-spurred hind tibiae. Megorismus Walker. Clypeus not transverse, antennae 12-13 jointed; pronotum not distinctly separated from the mesonotum, notauli complete, deli- cately impressed posteriorly, mesonotal lobes flat or at most sub- NO. 22] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 773 convex, marginal vein always shorter than the subcostal vein, scutel with a more or less distinct cross-furrow before the apex, the lateral margins convergent toward base ; propodeum normal, not produced at apex, long, rugose, with a median carina and complete lateral folds ; abdomen distinctly petiolate, second seg- ment often large but not especially lengthened, ovipositor not exserted. M. fletcheri Crawford. Female: length 1. 5-1.75 mm.; bronzy green; head with sparse setigerous punctures, reticulated except for the face in front of the ocelli which is smooth and polished, antennae black, scape metallic ; thorax with sparse setigerous punctures like the head, and reticulated except posterior margin of pronotum, scapulae laterally and scutel back of the transverse furrow, which parts are smooth ; wings yellowish, veins stramineous ; coxae metallic, rest of legs testaceous ; propodeum with a smooth space on each side near the base ; petiole longitudinally rugose, rest of abdomen smooth. Male: length 1.5 mm.; essentially as in the female except for the flagel which is light brownish. Parasitic on Nectarophora pisi in Canada, and bred from Aphis sorbi in Connecticut. New Haven, 10 July, 1909 (A. I. Bourne). pteromalim:. Pteromalus Swederus. Subgenus Eupteromalus Kurdjumov. Related to Dibrachys Foerster, from which it can be distin- guished by the propodeum being produced into a distinct globose neck. Eyes not hairy ; antennae inserted near the middle of the face, front not impressed, pedicel longer than the first joint of the funicle. Pteromalus (Eupteromalus) nidulans (Foerster) Thomson. Pteromalus egregius Howard and Fiske. Female: length 2.2 mm.; greenish with cupreous reflections, scape, pedicel and legs except coxae stramineous with brownish stains, rest of antennae brown ; head and thorax finely reticulated ; propodeum reticulated like the thorax, with a longitudinal carina 774 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. between its base and its neck; abdomen greenish, polished, with cupreous reflections. Male: length 1.2 mm.; greenish without cupreous stains, legs except coxae yellowish, otherwise nearly as in the female. Parasitic on the brown tail moth (Euproctis chrysorrhcea) , and introduced from the Old World into Massachusetts. Re- covered from winter nests taken at Hartford in 1913 and 1915. (For other species of Pteromalus see pages 471-478.) aphelinim:. Prospaltella Ashmead. Prospalta Howard (preoccupied). Related to Coccophagus Westwood, from which it differs in the marginal vein being much shorter than the submarginal vein. (For a characterization of this genus, see Insect Life, Vol. vii, page 6, and for key to other species see Annals of the Ento- mological Society of America, Vol. i, page 281.) P. perniciosi Tower. An important parasite of the San Jose scale (Aspidiotus per- niciosus) . The original description of this species may be found in Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Vol. vi, page 125, and is as follows : — "Female: length, 0.61 mm.; expanse, 1.73 mm.; greatest width of fore wing, 0.25 mm. General color of living specimens black with the mesoscutellum showing as a prominent light dot. In xylol-balsam mounts the head and central portions of the thorax are light brown. Head: vertex yellowish brown; occiput dark; ocelli dark; eyes black and hairy, the hairs about as long as the diameter of a facet. Antenna: brownish yellow; bulb twice as long as wide, cylindrical and nearly hyaline; scape nearly five times as long as wide, nearly hyaline at each end, more or less cylindrical to spindle-shaped ; pedicle slightly longer than wide, narrow at its base, widest well toward its tip, its inner side much farther from the axis of the antenna than its outer side; first funicle segment connected with pedicle by a narrow somewhat elongate stalk, which is quite hyaline; this segment a trifle more than half the length of the next and irregular in out- line ; second and third segments of the funicle nearly equal in size NO. 22] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 775 and nearly cylindrical ; segments of the club more closely articu- lated to each other than to the funicle or than are the segments of the funicle to each other; club slightly longer than funicle; first two segments about equal in length, their greatest diameter being at their outer ends ; terminal segment elongate, triangular in outline, and longer than either of the other segments, bluntly pointed at tip ; all segments of antenna bearing scattered hairs. " Thorax : pronotum dark ; mesoscutum brownish yellow, darker near the anterior edge, mesoscutar parapsida [scapulae] same color or lighter than mesoscutum with a darker spot well forward toward the base of the fore wing; scapula [axillae] dark; mesoscutellum noticeably paler than mesoscutum. Behind the mesoscutellum are two narrow transverse plates dark toward their lateral margins and light near the middle, the posterior plate with a spiracle near each lateral margin. Marginal and sub- marginal veins of fore wing nearly equal in length; end of stig- mal vein obscurely pointed, not reaching wing margin, its upper side slightly emarginated, its anal margin broadly rounded; a broad dusky band crosses the fore wing below the marginal vein ; hind wing lanceolate ; legs pale yellow except the coxae, femora, and basal halves of tibiae, these being dark, the coxa being the darkest portion of each leg, those of the hind legs being the darkest; fore legs as a whole the lightest and the hind legs the darkest; trochanters nearly hyaline. " Abdomen : short, broad, nearly quadrangular in outline ; quite dark with faint transverse lighter bands and a yellowish brown area near the genitalia: with- spines directed backward evident on the sides (above and below also?), " Male: length, 0.56 mm.; expanse, 1.54 mm.; greatest width of fore wings, 0.26 mm. Living and mounted specimens appear the same as females, except that they are smaller, and the meso- scutellum is not as light in color. The antenna differs in that the first funicle segment is as long as the second, and its diameter at its distal end is greater than the diameter of either of the other two funicle segments. Its base is rounded and stalked, and it does not give the effect of a bead as does the corresponding seg- ment in the female antenna. The articulation between the second aad third segments of the club is not as evident as between the first and second segments, while in the female both articulations Jj6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. are very clear and well defined. The thorax as a whole is darker than that of the female, the only light portions being the meso- scutellum and the portion of the mesoscutar parapsida [scapulae] nearest it. The hind margin of the stigmal vein is more angular than in the female. The faintly cloudy band below the marginal vein is hardly distinguishable. The abdomen is short, much narrower than the thorax, truncate, dark, and not showing lighter bands, but lighter near the genitalia, which extrude, the tips of these being nearly hyaline." Stonington, New Haven, October, 1913 (I. W. Davis) ; Ridgefield, 8 December, 1914 (Q. S. Lowry) ; Hartford, New Haven, 23 September, 1915 (B. H. W.). APOIDEA. ANDRENID^E. Andrena claytoniae Robertson. A small to medium-sized species first described by Charles Robertson in Transactions American Entomological Society, Vol. xviii, page 59, as follows : — " Female : Black ; clypeus closely and strongly punctured, often with a median impunctate line, basal process of labrum rather long and narrow, emarginate or notched at tip ; thorax rather sparsely punctured with rather fine, shallow punctures, thinly clothed with short, pale fulvous pubescence, enclosure of metathorax rough with strong longitudinal rugae, with a poorly defined border; wings hyaline, nervures and stigma honey-yellow, tegulae dull testaceous exteriorly, second submarginal cell re- ceiving the first recurrent nervure near its apex; legs black, inclining to dull ferruginous, the tarsi more or less yellowish, the hind tarsi and sometimes the hind tibiae yellowish ; abdomen finely and rather sparsely punctured, the apical one-third of each segment depressed, segments 2-4 with apical fasciae of whitish pubescence, interrupted on the second, anal fimbria pale fulvous. Length 8-10 mm. " Male. Resembles the female ; the tarsi, and often the pos- terior tibiae, yellowish testaceous. Length 7-8 mm." This species visits the flowers of pear, plum, strawberry, red- bud, shad-bush, Claytonia virginica, Zisia, aurea, Heracleum lanatum, Antennaria plantaginifolia, and Salix cordata. NO. 22] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. JJJ New Haven, 25 May, 1903, 9, 22 May, 1905 (B. H. W.), 10 May, 1904 (H. L. V.). A. krigiana Robertson. A medium-sized species originally described by Charles Robertson in Canadian Entomologist, Vol. xxxiii, page 229, as follows : — " Female : Black ; mandibles rufous at tips, toothed near the apex; basal process of labrum short, subquadrate, emarginate; clypeus somewhat shining towards apex, where it is rather dis- tinctly punctured, elsewhere opaque and reticulated ; face before ocelli longitudinally striate ; facial f oveae quite short, not descend- ing below insertion of antennae, filled with a fine pubescence which appears black; antennae short, joint 3 as long as the next three together, or nearly so, apical joints dull testaceous beneath; thorax throughout opaque and finely reticulated; enclosure of metathorax poorly defined, but rather strongly rugose; pubes- cence of head and thorax rather thin and dull fulvous; wings subhyaline, nervures and stigma honey-yellow, second cubital cell about one-third as long as the third, oblique, receiving the first recurrent nervure at, or a little before, or a little beyond, the middle ; abdomen shining, rather sparsely and rather evenly punc- tured, apical margins of segments pale testaceous, hardly sub- fasciate, fimbria fulvous; scopae pale, the hairs of hind tibiae rather strongly plumose. Length 8 mm. " Male. Resembles the female ; the face before ocelli not striate ; clypeus with a large trilobed yellow spot. Length 8 mm." New Haven, 13 June, 1902 (E.J.S.M.). (See page 709 for key to other species of Andrena.) INDEX TO PLANT HOSTS Acacia longifolia, 490. Actinomeris squarrosa, 539. Alder, 59, 103, 104, 106, no, 124, 134, 414. 535. 53& European, 158. Alfalfa, 520. Alnus serrulata, 535. Amaranth, 228. Amarantus, 228. Ambrosia artemisiaefolia, 453. Amelanchier, 65, 163. Amygdalus, 79. Antennaria plantaginifolia, 778. Apple, 172, 184, 199, 360, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 491, 706, 707, 709, 7i6, 717, 719, 750, 753, 758, 760. Aralia hispida, 721. Arctium lappa, 745. Asclepias, 680. Ash, 148. Mountain, 163. Aster,, 539,. 719, 721. Austrian pine, 44. Azalea, 124, 719. Baccharis halimifolia, 520, 539. Barberry, 223. Barley, 479, 523. Basswood, 65. Beans, wild, 228. Beech, 172. Beet, 203. Betula, 79, 163. Birch, 57, 65, 115, I2i, 134, 136, 163, 169, 242, 468, 766. black, 163, 259. white, 57, 136, 163, 169. yellow, 57. Black birch, 163, 259. currant, 705, 706, 707. locust, 183. oak, 106, 136, 146, 167, 431, 521. spruce, 44. Blackberry, 39, 160. 173, 435, 441, 515, 5i6, 534, 538, 719, 76o. Blackjack oak, 420, 430. Burdock, 745. Burr oak, 770. Button bush, 58. Butternut, 31. Cabbage, 203, Carex, 120. Catalpa, 484. Ceanothus, 680. americanus, 271, 704, 709. Cedar, 513. Chenopodium, 199, 228. hybridum, 461. Cherry, 37, 65, 709. sweet, 705, 706, 716, 719. wild, 79, 103, 163, 548. Chestnut oak, 383, 434, 770. Chionanthus, 147. Chinese honeysuckle, 163. Choke berry, 225. Cicuta, 196. maculata, 262, 269, 313, 356. 357, 667, 705, 7o6, 720. Claytonia virginica, 776. Clematis, 680. Clover, 192, 520. Comptonia asplenifolia, 199. Corn, 259, 293. Cornus, 61. Corylus, 39, 134. Crataegus, 79, 157, 449- Currant, 134, m, 198, 285, 717, 7*9- black, 705, 706, 707- red, 706. Day-lily, 108, 709, 739- Dewberry, 160. wild, 439. Dock, 47- Dwarf chestnut oak, 770. Elder, 100, 101, 753- Elm, 32, 104, 157, 163, 172, 203. Erechtites heiracifolia, 685, 728, 729. Euphorbia corollata, 191. European alder, 158. Fern, sweet, 198. Fir, 44, 171- Fireweed, 728, 729. 779 780 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Forsythia, 356. suspensa, 359, 620. Fuchsia, 156. Glyceria, 313. Goldenrod, 202, 229, 231, 233, 240, 332, 358, 524, 540, 618, 625, 639, 640, 675, 685, 704. 70S, 706, 709, 717, 718, 719, 721, 722, 728, 732, 738, 739, 745, 746, 748, 753- Gooseberry, 113, 134, 235, 263, 265. 275. 285, 340, 704, 705, 706, 707, 716, 717, 718, 719. Goosefoot, 228. Grape, 524, 537. Grass, 120. Hemerocallis fulva, 198, 709. Hemlock, 171. Water, 196, 262, 269, 313. Heracleum lanatum, 776. Hickory, 31, 100, 156, 268, 322, 534, .540. pig-nut, 146. Honeysuckle, 102, 285, 322, 340, 750. Chinese, 163. Huckleberry, 435, 719. Indian corn, 265, 593. Ipomoea, 733, 735. Ironweed, 192, 532. Ironwood, 134. Ivy, 494. poison, 163. Japan plum, 285, 705, 707, 716, 719. Japanese wineberry, 668. Kalmia angustifolia, 721. Lactuca, 375. canadensis, 375. Larch, 105, 115. Larix, 115. Laurel-leaved oak, 495. Lilac, 750. Linden, 104, 150. Locust, 136. black, 183. Lombardy poplar, 136. Lonicera fragrantissima, 285, 322, 340, 359- 7i6, 750. Lysimachia terrestris, 721. Maize, 593. Manna grass, 313. Maple, 65, 104, no, 169, 172, 175, 209, 242. soft, 462. sugar, 175. Meadowsweet, 709, 739. Milkweed, 660, 675, 705, 739, 745, 746. Mint, 680. Morning-glory, 733, 735. Mountain ash, 163. Nepeta glechoma, 437. New Jersey tea, 271, 640, 660, 668, 696, 704, 705, 709, 722. Oak, 80, 172, 194, 228, 408, 422, 497. 498, 513, 515, 522, 538, 766. black, 106, 136, 146, 167, 431, 521. blackjack, 420, 430. burr, 770. chestnut, 383, 434, 770- dwarf chestnut, 770. laurel-leaved, 495. pin, 414, 419. quercitron, 769. red, 401, 405, 407, 410, 431, 432, 768. scarlet, 8b, 408, 431, 769. scrub, 431, 768. swamp, 404. swamp white, 770. white, 79, 106, 107, 136, 199, 377, 380, 381, 392, 395, 396, 398, 417, 420, 427, 430, 434. yellow, 769. Oenothera, 47, 321. Onoclea sensibilis, 46. Orchid, 490. Ostrya virginica, 767. Parsnip, 229, 240, 709, 739. Fastinaca sativa, 229, 640. Peach, 39, 457, 707, 760. Pear, 113, 148, 172, 229, 491, 690, 707, 716, 717, 719, 760. Pickerel-weed, 720. Pig-nut hickory, 146. Pigweed, 228. Pin oak, 419. Pine, 497, 540, 690, 761. Austrian, 44. pitch, 44, 277, 324. Scotch, 44. white, 44. Pinus, 30, 690. banksiana, 44. rigida, 44, 277, 324, 4S7, 511, 765. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 78l Pitch pine, 44, 277, 324. Plantago major, 197. Plum, 709, 776. Japan, 285, 705, 707, 7^, 7^9- Poison ivy, 163. Polygonum, 261, 489. Pontederia cordata, 720. Poplar, 103, 104, 109, 124, 134, 136, 173. 558. Lombardy, 136. Populus grandidentata, 140. monilifera, no. tremuloides, in, 140. Potato, sweet, 161, 164. Potentilla, 438. canadensis, 436, 439. Prunus, 79, 157. avium, 705, 707. triflora, 285. Pteris aquilina, 68. Pumpkin, 734. Purslane, 165. Pycnanthemum, 748. Pyrus, 79, 163. arbutifolia, 225, 718. malus, 360. See also velutina. Quercus, 79. alba, 146, 147, 167, 381, 385, 389, 395, 401, 413, 417, 420, 423, 424, 427, 430, 434- aquatica, 497. bicolor, 386, 387, 388, 390, 391, 399, 403: 415. 4i8, 425. See also platanoides. chinquapin, 420. coccinea, 80, 121, 147, 401, 433, 768. ilici folia, 383, 397. 402, 405, 406, 409, 411, 417, 418, 427, 428, 431. See also nana, macrocarpa, 382, 386, 770. montana, 401, 412. nana, 768. See also illicifolia. nigra, 420, 430. obtusiloba, 147, 399. 41*. 4T7, 423, 430. palustris, 380, 414, 419. platanoides, 770. See also bi- color. prinoides, 383, 390, 393. 397. 402, 416, 770. prinus, 146, 434, 770. rubra, 400, 401, 407, 409, 410, 437, 432. tinctoria, 380, 387, 400, 407, 422, 427, 428, 429, 434, SOI, 7&9. velutina, 769. See also tinctoria. virens, 425. Quince, 184, 704, 707, 718, 750. Raspberry, 558, 718, 762. red, 738, 747, 750, 753. Redbud, 776. Red currant, 706. oak, 404, 405, 407, 410, 431, 432, 768, 769. raspberry, 738, 747, 750, 753. Rhus glabra, 689, 705, 720. sp. 689. Ribes occidentalis, 275. oxyacanthoides, 193, 235, 263, 275, 285, 340. rubrum, 198, 285. Roripa sylvestris, 674. Rosa Carolina, 374, 441, 772. lucida, 442. Rose, 57, 77, no, 440, 441, 515, 762. Manetti, 762. Rubus, 64, 79, 153, 193- canadensis, 439. strigosus, 440, 747. villosus, 435, 436, 438, 439. Salix, 163. alba, 142. cordata, 140, 776. discolor, 140. fragilis, 140. humilis, 141, 142. longifolia, 142. petiolata, 140. sericea, 140. Scarlet oak, 80, 408, 431, 768. Scotch pine, 44. Scrub oak, 431, 768. Shad bush, 135, 776. Smilacina. racemosa, 145. Soft maple, 462. Solidago, 704, 709, 732. juncea, 722. Spiraea salicifolia, 115, 155, 696. Spruce, 171, 210. black, 44. Squash, 533- , Strawberry, 55, 57, 163, 704, 707, 770. Steironema ciliatum, 720. Sugar maple, no, 175. Sumac, 680, 705. Sunflower, 709, 718, 745, 746. Swamp oak, 404. Swamp white oak, 770. Sweet cherry. 705, 706, 716, 7*9- Sweet fern, 198. 782 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. Sweet potato, 161, 164. Sycamore, 172, 459. Syringa, 676. Timothy grass, 479, 515, 523. Umbellifers, 618. Vaccinium, 115, 435. Vernonia noveboracensis, 208, 532, 534, 539- Veronica, 732. Viburnum, 100. Vitis, 156. Walnut, 467. Water hemlock, 196, 262, 269, 313. Wheat, 120, 174, 328. White birch, 57, 136, 163, 169. oak, 79, 106, 107, 136, 199, 377, 380, 381, 392, 394. 395, 396, 398, 417, 420, 427, 430, 434- pine, 44. Wild beans, 228. cherry, 79, 103, 163, 548. dewberry, 439. rose, 441. Willow, 103, 104, 115, I2o, 124, 134, 136, 140, 163, 173, 262, 285, 522, 538, 540, 718. Wineberry, Japanese, 668. Xanthium strumarium, 489. Yellow birch, 57. oak, 769. Zizea aurea, 717, 776. INDEX TO INSECT HOSTS Acrobasis, 223. rubrifasciella, 359. Acronycta, 195, 288, 357. See Apa- tela. Admiral butterfly, 199. Agenia, 626. Aglais milberti, 197, 450. Agraulis vanillae, 472, 528. Agrilus champlaini, 767. vittaticollis, 767. Agromyza tritici, 567. Aleiodes intermedius, 321, 475, 511. Aletia argillacea, 321, 451, 453. xylina, 467. Aleyrodes aceris, 448. corni, 490. coryli, 489. sp-. 489, 534- Allocota. See Hemiteles. Ameloctonus, fugitivus, 321, 463, 472, 475, 524- Ampelophaga myron, 195. Amphicerus bicaudatus, 509, 512. Anacampsis robinella, 196. Anarsia lineatella, 500. Anasa tristis, 505, 510, 555. Ancylis comptana, 277. Andrena, 239. Andricus exiguus, 389, 398. petiolicola, 376. podagra, 380, 519. prionosus, 389. tubicola, 516. ventricosus, 513. Angoumois grain-moth, 474. Anisota rubicunda, 267. senatoria, 267, 339. stigma, 267. virginiensis, 267. Anoplius scelestus, 627. Anosia plexippus, 450, 473. Anthidium, 465. Anthonomus quadrigibbus, 449. signatus, 221, 476, 478. Anthophora, 465. Ants, 328, 525, 556, 672. Apanteles, 475. clisiocampae, 475. delicatus, 464, 527. edwardsi, 453. hyphantriae, 463, 464, 527. Apatela, 288. americana, 236. dactylina, 236. hasta, 236. hastilifera, 236. lobeliae, 236. oblinita, 195, 236, 267, 357. Apatura. See Chlorippe. Aphis brassicae, 261, 367, 482, 490, 506. gossypii, 261. heraclii, 261. maidi-radicis, 261, 593. maidis, 261. medicaginis, 261. monardae, 490. sorbi, 773. setariae, 261. Aphis, cabbage, 482. hop plant, 259. rose, 261. wheat, 558. woolly apple, 400. Aprophora spumaria, 655. Aporia crataegi, 197. Apple aphis, woolly, 490. Appletree caterpillar, red-humped, 267. Aradidae, 551. Archips argyrospila, 223. cerasivorana, 321. infumatana, 228. rileyana, 228. rosaceana, 235. Argiope riparia, 321. _ Argirolepia quercifoliana, 321. Argynnis cybele, 193. Aristotelia absconditella, 228. fungivorella, 199. Army worm, 193, 195, 197, 204, 280, 288, 328, 356, 360. Asiatic ladybird beetle, 453. Aspidiotus, 490, 491. perniciosus, 400, 774. Aspidisca splendoriferella, 184. Asynapta, sp., 538. Attelabus rhois, 457. 783 784 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Aulacidea solidaginis, 522. Autographa brassicse, 503. Baccha fascipennis, 365, 455, 502. Bag worm, 321, 340, 478. Balsam leaf-miner, 461. Basilarchia archippus, 192, 451, 472. Bathythrix. See Hemiteles. Bee, carpenter, 524. honey, 672. leaf-cutter, 528. mason, 484. Beetle, Asiatic ladybird, 453. carabid, 552. cucujid, 610. fruit-bark, 484. June, 618. ladybird, 225. May, 576, 618. . powder-post, 238. Bellura gortynides, 548. Biorhiza forticornis, 513. Bombyx mori, 197. B rem us, 465. Brochymena arborea, 550. Brown-tail moth, 200, 224, 514, 774. Bucculatrix, 766. canadensisella, 766. pomifoliella, 466, 505. Butterfly, admiral, 199. cabbage, 197, 198, 471. clouded sulphur, 280. mourning-cloak, 343. question-sign, 343. swallow-tail, 343. Cabbage bug, harlequin, 550. butterfly, 197, 198, 471. looper, 503. Caccecia rosaceana, 466. Calandra oryzae, 474, 478. Callaspidia globulus, 478. Callosamia promethea, 527. Caloptenus atlanis, 557. , sp., 557- Campoplex fugitivus, 463, 472, 475, 524. validus, 464, 475, 511. Canarsia hammondi, 455. Canker worm, 359, 635. Carolina locust, 557. Carpenter bee, 524. Carpocapsa pomonella, 220, 231, 322. Casinaria orgyiae, 527. Catocala, 468. Catogenus rufus, 610. Cecidomyia farinosa, 538. resinicola, 539. serrulata, 535. symmetrica, 538. Cecidomyid inquilines, 540.^, Cecropia moth, 288, 333. Ceratina, 465. dupla, 333, 514, 524. Ceratomia amyntor, 203, 204. quadricornis, 203. Cerceris, 239. Ceresa bubalus, 450. Ceroptres, 421. ficus, 519. Chaitophorus aceris, 261. populicola, 261. Chalicodoma, 465. Chalybion cseruleum, 677, Chelostoma, 620. Chilocorus similis. 453. Chionaspis euonymi, 490. furfura, 491. pinifolise, 490. Chionobas. See CEneis. Chlsenius impunctifrons, 552. Chlamys plicata, 471. Chlorippe celtis, 267. clyton, 267, 322, 528, 548. Chlorops ingrata, 493. Chrysanthemum fly, 566. Chrysobothris femorata, 21 1. Chrysopa, 549, 576. Chrysophanus. See Heodes. Cicada dorsata, 692. marginata, 692. tibicen, 692. Cicada, periodical, 451. Cirphis albilinea, 359. unipuncta, 193. 195, 197, 204, 236, 280, 288, 328, 340, 356, 360. Cis fuscipes, 611. Clisiocampa. See Malocosoma. Clothes moth, 305. Clouded sulphur butterfly, 280. Clover flower midge, 455, 533. Coccinelids, 501. Coccinella novemnotata (or 9-no- tata), 22$. Coccus hesperidum, 450, 488, 489, 494, 5°5- Cockroach, 240, 241, 651. Codling moth, 220. 231, 322, 612. Coleophora cinerella, 229, 321. Colias. See Eurymus. Conotrachelus nenuphar, 234, 447. Contarinia tritici, 533. Corn ear worm, 547. Cotton worm, 321, 467. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 785 Crabro, 239. Crambus caliginosellus, 612. exsiccatus, 194. zeellus, 194. Cratotechus orgyiae, 455, 466. Cricket, 679. 683, 684. tree, 520, 554, 555. _ Cryptorhynchus lapathi, 324. Cucujid beetle, 610. Curculio, plum, 234, 247, 275, Cyaniris pseudargiolus, 193, 284, 340. Cynips pisum, 376. Dactylopius destructor, 503. See Pseudococcus citri. Danais. See Anosia. Dasyneura leguminicola, 455, 533. Datana, 200, 286. integerrima, 223. Diacrisia virginica, 547. Diaspis carueli, 490. rosse, 490, 502. Diastrophus cuscutaeformis, 455, 513, Si6, 521. nebulosus, 515, 516. radicum, 275. Dibrachys boucheanus, 455, 457. Dineutes assimilis, 483. Diodontus americanus, 602. Diplosis resinicola, 487, 511. Diprion abietis, 236, 481. simile, 481. Dissosteira Carolina, 557. Dolba hylseus, 343. Dorcaschema alternatum, 522. Drassid, 328. Drone fly, 566. Drosophila, 485. Epargyreus, tityrus, 288, 323, 472. Epeira angulata, 321. globosa, 509. juniperi, 682. labyrinthea, 631. strix, 631, 632, 682. vulgaris, 682. Ephestia kuehniella, 267. Erigorgus, 475. Eristalis tenax, 566. Euchsetes egle, 267. Euchistus servus, 550. Eucosma strenuana, 229. Eucrostis chloroleucaria, 192. Eudamus, See Epargyreus. Eudemis botrana, 208. Eulophus, 466. Eumenes, 239. 50 Euphydryas. See Phaeton 474. Eupithecia miserulata, 192, 270. Euplectrus comstocki, 458. Euproctis chrysorrhoea, 200, 224, 776. Eurema lisa, 472. Eurosta solidaginis, 238. Eurymus philodice, 280, 472. Eurytoma diastrophi, 435. studiosa, 421. Euura nodus, 540. Euvanessa antiopa, 343, 456, 472, .547- Evetria comstockiana, 324. Exartema malanum, 229. Fall army worm, 467. web worm, 224, 453. Feltia subgothica, 224. Fern-leaf roller, 220. Fly, 659, 668. chrysanthemum, 566. drone, 566. Hessian, 454, 480, 481, 510, 537, 541- horn, 486, 568. horse, 669. pomace, 485. rose gall, 514. stable, 677. Formica fusca var. subsericea, 597. schaufussi, var. incerta, 597. neogagates, 597. Four-horned sphinx, 203. Fruit-bark beetle, 484. Gastroidea cyanea, 208. Gelechia cerealella, 474. cinerella, 209. gallseasterella, 500. gallcesolidaginis, 499, 503, 521. trialbamaculella. 199. Geometrid, 193, 468, 548. Gipsy moth, 197, 200, 320, 323, 475. Glover's scale, 448. Glyphina eragrostidis, 490. _ Gnorimoschema gallsesolidaginis, 202, 321. Gorytes, 239. Grapholitha caryana, 233, 322. olivaceana, 321. Grapta. See Polygonia. Grasshopper, 557. 680, 684, 685. Grub, white, 616. Gyrinus, 291. Habrobracon gelechiae, 455- 475- Hsematobia serrata, 486, 568. Halictus, 239, 674, 708. 786 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. disparalis, 674. Heliophila. See Cirphis. Heliothis armigera, 451. obsoleta, 547. Hemerocampa leucostigma, 191, 194, 200, 223, 224, 270, 321, 322, 323, 340, 366, 359, 452, 453, 455. 457, 458, 460, 473, 475, Si I, 527,. 528, 547, 549- Hemileuca maia, 267. Hemiteles pimplse, 475. thyridopterygis, 478. Heodes hypophlaeas, 357, 547. Heraclides. See Papilio. Hessian fly, 454, 480, 481, 510, 537, 54i. Heterocampa, 233. Hickory bark borer, 210. Honey bee, 672. Hop-plant aphis, 259. Horn-fly, 486, 568. Horse-fly, 669. Hylaeus, 239, 465. Hyperchiria io, 267. Hyphantria, 200, 475. cunea, 193, 204, 453. textor, 267, 548. Io moth, 267. Iphidicles ajax, 287. Iseropus. See Scambus. Isia isabella, 320, 356. Isosoma, 479, 515. tritici, 479. Itoplectis. See Scambus. Jasoniades. See Papilio. June beetle, 618. Junonia ccenia, 192. Kermes, sp., 447, 497, 501. Lachnosterna, 576, 618. Lady-bird beetles, 225. Laphygma frugiperda, 467. Larch cheater, 336. Lasius umbratus mixtus aphidicola, 559- Laverna eloisella, 321. Leaf-hopper, 656. Leaf-roller, 183, 191, 321. fern, 220. strawberry, 217, 317. trumpet, 199. Leaf-cutter bee, 528. Lecanium caryae, 497. cerasifex, 488, 505. fletcheri, 488,, 497, 501, 503, 505. persicae, 457, 488. robiniarum, 503. sp., 495, 497, 503. Lepidosaphes, 490. beckii, 506. citricola, 501. gloveri, 448, 490. ulmi, 448, 490, 497. Leptothorax, 556. longispinosus, 328. Lesser peach borer, 207, 322, 466, 527. Leucania, See Cirphis. Leucospis, 465. Limacodes, 527. Limenitis, See Basilarchia. Limnerium, See Campoplex. Liopus variegatus, 324. Lithocolletis, 198, 459, 461, 462, 463. greganella, 463. ornatella, 463. robiniella, 223. Lixus scrobicollis, 229. Locust, Carolina, 557. seventeen-year. 451. Locust leaf-miner, 196. Lophyrus abietis, 332. Loxostege sticticalis, 196. Lycaena. See Cyaniris. Lyctus striatus, 238. Lygasonematus erichsoni, 472. Lygus pratensis, 661. Macrosiphum cerealis, 261. granaria, 261. rosae, 258, 261. rudbeckiae, 261. Magdalis olyra, 222. Maggot, onion, 214. wheat stem, 493. Malacosoma americana, 209, 236, 267, 320, 321, 322, 323, 457, 465. 475, 476, 549- californica, 321. constricta, 321. disstria, 267, 320, 321, 506. Mamestra picta, 203. Mason bee, 484. May beetle, 576, 618. Mayetiola destructor, 454, 537, 541. Mealy bug, 497, 504. Megachile, 465, 528. Megilla fuscilabris, 225. maculata, 225. Melalopha inclusa, 547. Melanoplus atlanis, 557. Meliana albilinea, 204. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 787 Melitaea phaeton, 474. Meromyza sp., 493. Meteorus communis, 340, 475, 527. hyphantriae. 475, 527.- xanthocephalus, 463. Microbracon, 472, 475. Midge, clover flower, 455, 533. Mineola indigenella, 267, 321. juglandis, 321. Miner, balsam-leaf, 461. locust-leaf, 196. oak-leaf, 461. trumpet, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 466. Monodontomerus, 465. Moth, brown-tail, 200, 224, 514, 774. Cecropia, 288, 333. clothes, 305. codling, 220, 231, 322. gipsy, 197, 200, 320, 323, 475. Io, 267. peach-twig, 500. white-marked tussock, 191, 194, 200, 223, 224, 270, 321, 322, 323, 340, 356, 359, 452, 453, 455, 457, 458, 460, 472, 473, 475, 478, 5", 527, 528, 547, 549- Mourning-cloak butterfly, 343. Murgantia histrionica, 550. Myrmica, 556, 587, 588. brevinodis, 588. brevinodis var. canadensis, 587. Mytilaspis pomorum, 448. See Lepidosaphes. Myzus cerasi, 258, 261. ribis, 261. Nectarophora, 452. pisi, 773- rudbeckiae, 258. Nematus, 315. ventricosus. See Pteronidea ribesi. Nemobius, 683. Nemoria gratata, 191. Nephelodes violans, 236. Neuroterus exiguus. 398. Nisoniades. See Thanaos. Oak-leaf miner, 461. Odontata suturalis, 451, 462. Odontocera dorsalis, 483. Odynerus, 239, 465. tigris, 330. (Ecanthus niveus, 554. sp., 555- CEdemasia. See Schizura. CEneis macounii, 450. noma var. semidea, 358, 453, 473- Omphalocera cariosa, 224. Onion maggot, 214. Orgyia. See Hemerocampa. Oriental cockroach, 240. Ormenis, 496. pruinosa, 615. septentrionalis, 614, 615. Ormyrus, 435. Ornix geminatella, 198. Osmia, 465, 484. halicticola, 630. Oyster shell scale, 448. Pachypsylla venusta, 517. Painted mamestra, 203. Papaipema duplicata, 359. Papilio ajax, 287, 322, 330, 473- glaucus, 451, 500. palamedes, 473. polyxenes, 192, 343. sps., 343- thoas, 329. troilus, 193, 333. Parorgyia, 193. Peach-twig moth, 500. Pegomyia vicina, 199. Pemphigus fraxinifolii, 490. Periodical cicada, 451. Periplaneta orientalis, 240. Phacellura hyalinitalis, 321. Phenacoccus, 365. acericola, 455. 502. Phidippus morsitans, 551. Philampelus pandorus, 195. Philanthus, 239. Philonyx erinacei, 519, 522. Philosamia cynthia, 527. Phlegethontius, 474. quinquemaculatus, 474. sextus, 548. Pholisora catullus, 191, 228, 267. Phorodon mahaleb, 261. Phoxopteris comptana, 317. Phryganidea californica, 321. Phthorimaea cinerella, 209. Phyciodes tharos, 358. Phycita. See Mineola. juglandis, 321. Pieris, See Pontia. Pimpla, See Scambus. Pissodes strobi, 210, 765. Pitch pine Retinia, 277. Planosa laricis, 336. Plathypena scabra, 468. Platygaster, 421. 788 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Platynota sentana, 208, 613. Platyptilia carduidactyla, 263. Plodia interpunctella, 265. Plum curculio, 234, 275, 447. Plusia brassicse, 195, 265, 451. Plutella cruciferarum, 265, 267. Podisus spinosus, 546, 549, 550. Polistes pallipes var. variatus, 330. Polychrosis carduiana, 263. Polygonia. See Grapta. comma, 317, 472. faunus, 357. interrogationis, 343, 450, 472, 547- progne, 474, 547. satyrus, 472. Pomace fly, 485. Pontia monuste, 473. rapae, 197, 198, 455, 471. Porthetria dispar, 197, 320, 323, 475. 1 Potato-stalk weevil, 234. Powder-post beetle, 238. Priophorus acericaulis, 209. Protapanteles, 328. congregatus, 28b. Proteoteras sesculana, 467. Protoparce Carolina, 195. See Phlegethontius sextus. celeus, 195. See Phlegethontius quinquemaculatus. Pseudococcus aceris, 493. adonidum, 496. citri, 496, 497, 503, 504. Pteronidea ribesi, 451. Pteronus. See Pteronidea. Pulvinaria innumerabilis, 501. Purple scale, 506. Pyrameis. See Vanessa. Pyrausta futilalis, 191, 196, 228. penitalis, 223'. theseusalis, 220, 228. Pyrrharctia. See Isia. Question-sign butterfly, 343. Recurvaria juniperella, 200, 226. thujaella, 200. Red-humped apple tree caterpillar, 267. Retinia rigidana, 277. Rhagium lineatum, 261. Rhodites bicolor, 515. dichlocerus, 516. radicum, 515. rosce, 514. Rogas, See Aleiodes. Rhopalosiphum dianthi, 261. Rose aphis, 261. gall fly, 514. Saitis pulex, 551. Samia cecropia, 288, 527. San Jose scale, 490, 774. Sanninoidea exitiosa, 207. Saperda Candida, 767. concolor, 320. Scale, Glover's, 448. oyster shell, 448. purple, 506. San Jose, 490, 774. scurfy, 491. soft, 505. Scambus conquisitor, 323, 340, 475. inquisitoriella, 340, 475. pedal is, 323. Sceliphron cementarium, 620. Schizoneura lanigera, 490. Schizura concinna, 267. Scolytidae, 485. Scolytus caryse, 210. rugulosus, 484. Scurfy scale, 491. Sesia caudata, 322. pictipes. See Synanthedon. Silvanus surinamensis, 610. Siphocoryne avenae, 261. Siphonophora avenae, 482, 558. cucurbitae. 261. liriodendri, 261. rosae. 490. Sitodrepa panicea, 478. Sitotroga cerealella, 477. Smerinthus astylus, 343. geminatus, 194. jamaicensis, 280. Soft scale, 505. Solenozopheria vaccinii, 487, 513. Sphecoid wasps, 620. Sphinx, four-horned, 203. Sphinx coniferarum, 287. luscitiosa, 285. Spider, 318, 322, 509, 541, 551, 625, 628, 629, 632, 675, 678, 682, 767. Spilochalcis debilis, 475, 511. Squash bug, 505, 510, 555. Stable fly, 677. Steatoda borealis, 318. Stelidota strigosa, 575. Stelis, 465. Stenamma fulvum piceum, 563. Stigmus americanus, 602. Stomoxys calcitrans, 677. Strawberry leaf-roller, 277, 317. weevil, 221. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 789 Swallow-tail butterfly, 343. Sycaste, 490. Synanthedon pictipes, 207, 322, 466, 527. Synergus, 421. Telea polyphemus, 527, 547. Tent caterpillar, American, 209, 236, 267, 284, 32.0, 321, 323. 333, 457, 475, 476, 549. forest, 267, 321. Terias, See Xanthidia. Tetralopha platanella, 224. Tetrastichus, 435. Thanaos juvenalis, 193, 228. lucilius, 450. Thecla, 196. calanus, 455. edwardsi, 454. melinus, 284. Theronia fulvescens, 475. Thrips sp., 328. Thyanta custator, 550. Thymelicus cernes, 547. Thyridopteryx ephemerae formis, 321, 340. Tinea, 305. pellionella, 200. Tischeria malifoliella, 199, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 466. solidaginifoliella, 464. Tmetocera ocellana, 229. Tobacco worm, 195. Tortrix fumiferana, 320. Torymus, 421, 435. Toxoptera graminum, 261. Tree cricket, 520, 554, 555. Tremex columba, 325. Trogoxylon parallelopipedum, 237. Trumpet leaf-miner, 458, 459, 460, 461, 462, 463. 464, 466. leaf-roller, 199. Trypeta gibbosa, 453. Trypoxylon, 465. Uranotes. Uroplata. See melinus, 284. See Odontata. Vanessa antiopa. See Euvanessa. atalanta, 197, 199, 202, 451, 453, 460, 466, 472. cardui, 195, 197, 267, 287, 472. huntera, 202. milberti. See Aglais. urticae, 197. Vespula, 465. Wasp, sphecoid, 620. Weevil, potato-stalk, 234. strawberry, 221. white-pine, 210. Wheat aphis, 558. stem maggot, 493. White grub, 616. White-marked tussock moth, 191, 194, 200, 223, 224, 270, 321, 322, 323, 340, 356, 359, 452, 453, 455, 457, 458, 460, 473, 475, 478, 511, 527, 528, 547, 549- White-pine weevil, 210. Woolly apple aphis, 490. Worm, army, 193, 195, 197, 204, 280, 288, 328, 356, 360. bag, 321, 340, 478. cabbage, 471. canker, 359, 635. corn ear, 547. cotton, 321, 467. fall army, 467. fall web, 224, 453. tobacco, 195. Xanthidia nicippe, 197. Xiphydria abdominalis, 242. albicornis, 242. provancheri, 242. Zelus longipes, 511. Zerene catenaria, 287. INDEX TO HYMENOPTERA In this Index, specific names begin with small letters. Synonyms are in italics. abbotti (Diprion), 43, 44. (Pristaulacus), 241. abbreviata, 681, 682. abbreviatus, 173. abdominalis (Aleiodes), 235, 236. (Diprion), 43, 44. (Dolerus), 74, 76. (Exyston), 300, 301. (Hylotoma), 161, 163. (Odontaulacus), 241, 242. abdominalis, 171. abdominalis var. rufinus, 300, 301, Abia, 102. abietis, 43, 44. Ablerus, 487, 490. abnorma, 154, 155. abnormis, 49x3. abrupta (Anthophora), 736, 737. (Loxotropa), 565. abruptus, 574, 575. acantholyda, 33. Acanthomyops, 590, 591, 594. Acanthoscelio, 543. Acanthostichus, 580. Accepta, 712, 716, 717. acericaulis, 109, HO. aceris, 260, 261. Acerophagus, 493. acervorum, subspecies canadensis, 588. aciculatus, 236. Aciista, 569, 570, 573. Acoloides, 542, 551. Aeolus, 542, 551. Acordulecera, 165. Acordulecerinae, 43, 165. A eras pis, 380. acritus, 74, 76. acronyct;e (Apante'les), 188, 195 (Campoplex), 266, 267. Acropiesta. 569, 570. Acroricnus, 258, 330. actinomeridis, 536, 537, 539. actuosus, 203, 204. acuminata (Blennocampa), 155. (Pontania), 139, 140. acutus, 687. Adiastola, 340. Adirus, 172, 173. adusta, 155. advena, 515. (Callimome), 515. (Crabro), 669, 670. senea, 31. scqualis (Crabro), 670, 671. (Monophadnus), 149, 150. (Nysson), 655. (Priophorus), 109, no. Aereus, 514. ^Erophilopsis, 229. aestivalis, 740, 741. aethiops (Endelomyia), 77. (Periope), 308. (Psammochares), 633, 634. affabilis, 724, 725, 727. affinis (Bremus), 755, 757. (Leucospis), 528. (Neuroterus), 393. (Pachynematus), 117, 119, 120. affinis, 739. Agapostemon, 704. Agathis, 231. Agathis, 229. agcistus, 73, 76. Ageniella, 627, 628. agilis (Bassus), 227, 228. (Eurylabus), 342. (Lissonota), 314, 315. (Syrphoctonus), 302. agilis var. aurigenise, 731, 732, 733. aglaspidula, 605. agricola, 186, 192. agrili, 210. Agriotypidae, 180. agromyz?e, 566, 567. Agrothereutes, 258, 330. Agrypon, 284. akhursti, 44. alacris, 332, 333. Alaptus, 446, 448. alaskensis, 259. 790 No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 791 alba, 94, 99- . , albicornis (Chxloneurus), 496. (Urocerus), 171. albicoxa, 495- albidopictus, 46. albidovariatus, 106. albifrons (Loderus), 76. (Mesoleptidea), 290. albipennis, 702, 704, 707. albipes (Homaspis), 291. (Ichneumon), 324. albitarse, 676. albitarsis, 457. albiventris, 749, 750- . albomaculata (Macrophya), 97. 100. (Mesostenidea), 329. 330. (Rhyssa), 326. albomarginata, 35. albomarginatus, 636, 638. albophaleratus, 636, 639. albopictus, 310. albopilosum, 676. alborictus, 319, 322- albotarsatus, 281. Alcidamea, 751. Alcocerus, 254, 308. Aleiodes, 219, 235, 765- aleurodinis, 534- aleurodis, 448. Alexeter, 289. algonquina, 619. algonquinorum, 188, 196. algonquinus, 339, 340. alienata, 628, 629. alienus, 592. Allantus, 81, 101 762. Allantus, 91, 92, 148- alleghaniensis, 710, 716. Allocamptus, 288. Allocota, 340. Allocryptus, 333. Alloplasta, 315- Allotria, 2,67. . Allotria, cabbage aphis, 3 353, 358. foraminatus, 637, 640. forbesi (Andrena), 713, 714, 719. (Apanteles), 191, 200. Forelius, 589. Formica, 578, 579, 590, 594. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 803 Formfcidse, 577. Formicoidea, 22, 577. formosa (Macrophya), 98, 101. (Tenthredo), 87, 91. formosus (Andricus), 410. (Arotes), 326. (Chiloneurus), 497. forticornis, 384. fortis, 329, 330. foveolata, 213. foveolatus, 612, 613. foxi, 701, 703, 706. fragilis, 712, 715, 717. fraterna (Ceropales), 626, 627. (Eumenes), 635. fraternalis, 106. fraternus (Coccophagus), 488, 489. (Horismenus), 458. frey-gessneri, 604, 605. frigida (Lissonota), 314, 315. (Tenthredo), 88, 92. frigida, 745. frigidum, 676, 677. frigidus, 672. frondosus, 420. frontalis (Cephaleia), 36. (Dialges), 293. (Diplazon), 302. (Euplectrus), 467. frontalis var. rivalis, 293. fruticola, 769. fucatus, 291. fugitivus, 266, 267. fuliginea, 96, 100. fulva, 585, 586. fulva aquia, 586. fulva aquia var. picea, 586. fulvescens, 323. fulvicollis, 381. fulvicornis, 629. fulvicrus, 127, 134. fulvipediculata, 695, 696. fulvipes (Amauronematus), 123, 124. (Hemiteles), 338, 340. (Ichneutes), 221. fulvipes, 696. fulvum piceum, 563. fulvus, 108. fumipennis (Cerceris), 695, 696. (Hypargyricus), 145. (Paragryon), 553. funebris, 520. funestus, 359. fungor, 341, 342. fusca, 495. fusca var. subaenescens, 596, 599. fusca var. subsericea, 596, 598. fuscipenne, 286, 287. fuscipennis (Aphelinus), 490. (Basalys), 568. (Megaspilus), 558. fuscus (Hoplisus), 656, 657. (Tachysphex), 687. fusiformis, 417. futilis, 433. futilis euroterus, 426. fylesi, 126, 133, 134. galenus, 351, 356. Galesus, 562, 564. Gall, acorn plum, 406. blackberry knot, 435. blackberry seed, 435. cinquefoil axil, 436. empty oak, 407. globular rose, 373. horned knot oak, 413. huckleberry, 434. knotty rose, 441. leafy bower, 420. lettuce tumor, 375. long rose, 441. mealy rose, 441. mossy rose, 441. noxious oak, 391. oak bullet, 401. oak button, 390. oak capsule, 425. oak fig, 384. oak flake, 300. oak knot, 431. oak midrib, 422. oak pea, 376. oak petiole, 411. oak potato, 384. oak seed, 430. oak spindle, 407. oak tufled, 767. oak wart, 433. pine cone oak, 403. pointed bullet, 402. polished oak, 399. raspberry root, 437. rose lentil, 442. rose root, 441. scrub oak, 405. scrub oak club, 428. spiny oak, 382. spiny rose, 440. succulent oak, 419. white oak club, 434. Gall-fly, oak wool, 380. Gall Parasite, oak bullet, 478. Garden ant, 578. Gasteruption, 239. 8o4 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Gasteruptioninae, 239. gastroidese, 206. 208. Gausocentrus, 250, 290. gelechise (Apanteles), 190, 109. (Copidosoma), 498. (Habrobracon), 209. (Microgaster), 201, 202. (Pteromalus), 473. Gelis, 243, 258, 327. geminatus, 280. generosa, 743, 745, 746. gentilis, 327, 328. genuina, 271. geometrae, 545, 546, 548. germana, 628, 629. germanica, 643. germanus, 344, 356. gibbosa (Chalcura), 526. (Dasymutilla), 624. gillettei, 380. gillettii, 57. glandulus, 770. glauca, 272. glaucopterus, 281. globuloides, 771. globulus, 401. globulus, 373. glomeratus, 188, 196. Glypta, 256, 316. Glypta, 317. g. maculati, 710, 716, 717. Gnathias, 726. gnava, 579. Gonatocerus, 446, 449. Gonatopus, 613, 614. Goniozus, 608, 612. goniphora, 98. 101. Gonochrysis, 605. Gorytes, 655. Gorytini, 654. 655. gracilis (Amauronematus), 122, 124. (Anaphes), 447. (Hoplisus), 656, 657. (Nomada), 726, 727. (Pontania), 139, 140. (Rhodites), 771. gracilis, 328. gracillimus, 327, 328. graenicheri (Agrothereutes), 331, 333- (Cephus), 174. grallatrix, 309. graminella, 321. graminicola americana var. brevi- spinosa, 584. granariaphis, 261. grande, 523. grande form grande, 523. grande form minutum, 523. grandis (Amblyteles), 347, 354, 358. (Chelogynus), 615. (Tenthredo), 84, 91. graphohthae, 320, 322. graptae, 545, 546. greenei, 325. gregarius (Pachynematus), 1*8, 119, 120. (Trichiocampus), no. grossularia, 113. grossulariflorse, 263. Grotea, 257, 309. Gymnonychus, 113. Gymnoscelus, 220. gyrini, 290. Habrobracon, 182, 209. Habrobracon, 764. Habrobraconidea, 764. Habrocryptus, 333. Habrocytus, 469, 478. Habrocytus, 476, 477. Habropelte, 558. Hadrodactylus, 250, 289. Hadronotus, 543, 544, 555. hsematobise (Phsenopria), 568. (Spalangia), 485. haematodes, 230, 231. hageni (Isosoma), 523. (Pseudometopius), 308. halcyon, 105. Halictidae, 698, 699. Halictoides, 720. Halictus, 700. harmonia, 622. harmoniiformis, 622. harpax, 685, 686. Harpiphorus, 55. harpyoidea, 240. Harrimaniella, 315. harringtoni (Conostigmus), 558, 559. (Pteronidea), 126, 133, 134. harrisi (Callimome), 516. (Chlorion), 679. , hartfordensis, 717. hebe, 341, 342. hebrus, 341. 342. Hecabolus, 219, 237. Hedychridium, 602, 603. Hedychrum, 602, 603. heeri depilis, 591. Helcon, 217, 220. Helcon, 220. Helconidea, 217, 220. helianthi, 713, 716, 718. heliothidis, 545, 546, 547. Helorid3e,'53i, 576. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 8o5 Helorus, 576. helvipes, 345, 350. 357- helvolus, 342. helvus, 342. Hemadas, 486, 487. Hemichroa, 105, 106. Hemichroa, 105, 106. hemileucse, 188, 195. Hemilexis, 562, 563. Heminomada, 727. Hemitaxonus, 45, 46. Hemiteles, 257, 337. henshawi, 615. heraclei, 708, 709. herculeanus ligniperda var. nove- boracensis, 600, 601. herculeanus pennsylvanicus, 600. herculeanus pennsylvanicus var. ferrugineus, 6eo, 601. Heriades, 742, 751. herrickii, 540. hesperidivorus, 187, 194. heterogaster, 235. Heterogamus, 795. Heteropelma, 248, 285. Heterospilus, 219, 238. Hetroxys, 469. hexagona, 625. hiemalis, 536, 537- hilaris (Andrena), 713, 718. (Chrysis), 604. Hippocephalus, 462. hippotes, 713, 714, 719. hirta, 383. hirticincta, 710, 711, 715, 718. hirtifrons (Agrothereutes), 330, 333, (Anectata), 539- pinus-rigida, 43, 44. piperoides, 415. pirata, 373. Pison, 675. pissodis, 210. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 815 pisum (Ceroptres), 376. (Pontania), 139, 140. placenta, 137, 140. placida (Andrena), 711, 712, 715, 716. (Nomada), 724, 725, 727. plagiata, 40, 41. plagiatus, 590. Planiceps, 630. planosse, 334, 336. Plastanoxus, 608, 611. plathypenae, 468. Platycampus, 108, 109. Platygaster, 532, 540. platygaster, 524. Platygastridas, 530, 531. Platylabus, 258, 342. platynotae, 612. platyparia, 717. Plectiscidea, 245, 275. Plectiscus, 275. Plenoculus, 691. Plesignathus, 336. plesius (Apanteles), 190, 199. (Dolerus), 73, 75. pleuralis (Lissonota), 314, 315. ( Plectiscidea), 276. (Symphobus), 289. Pleuroneura, 29, 30. Pleurotropis. 456, 457. Pleurotropis, 459. plicatus, 149, 150. plumiger, 164. plumipes, 617. podagrae, 374. podisi (Telenomus), 545, 548. (Trissolcus), 550. Podogaster, 269. podunkorum (Apanteles), 185, 188, 191. (Microbracon), 205, 207. Poecilostoma, 59. Pogonomyrmex, 579, 583. Polistes, 643. Polistini, 641, 643. polita, 399. politum, 676. politus (Galesus), 564. (Philanthus), 673, 675. (Strongylogaster), 68. pollinctorius, 309. Polyjenus, 329. Polybates, 158. Polybiinse, 640. Polyblastus, 253, 297. polychrosidis, 263. Polycinetis, 250, 291. Polycyrtus, 330. Polyergus, 590, 599. Polygnotus, 532, 535. polygonaphis, 260, 261. Polymecus, 531, 534. Polynema, 446. Polyselandria, 65, 66. polysericeus, 70, 75. Polysphincta, 256, 317. Polystenidea, 219, 238. Polytaxonus, 45 58. Polytribax, 337. polyturator, 576. Pompilidce, 625. Pompiloides, 630, 631. pomum, 140. Ponera, 580, 581. Ponerinse, 580. Pontania, 112, 137. pontiaci, 318. popenoei (Horismenus), 458. (Trichopria), 566. populator, 183. populi (Pontania), 138, 140. (Pteronidea), 128, 134. Porizon, 245, 275. Porizonidea, 245, 275. porrecta, 269. potentillae, 436. Praon, 243, 259. Prenolepis, 590, 591. pretiosum, 450. pretiosus, 223. primus, 269. prinoides, 382. Priocnemis, 628. Priononyx, 678, 679. Priophorus, 108, 109. prismaticus, 283, 284. Pristaulacus, 239, 241. Pristiphora, 112, 113. Pristiphora, 113. Pristocera, 608, 609. Pristomerus, 245, 274. privatus, 164. Probolus, 360. procera, 681, 682. Proceratium, 580. Proctotrypoidea, 529. producticollis, 665, 666. productus (Andronicus), 751. (Tetrastichus), 454. Prccdrus, 275. Profenusa, 156. Progoniozus, 608, 612. prolongatus, 612. Promachus, 766. Promethes, 254, 302. prompta, 329. 8i6 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. propinqua, 96, 100. propinquus (Exochus), 306. (Syncecetes), 295. propinquus, 740. Prosacantha, 542, 551. Prosopis, 737, 739- Prospalta, 776. Prospaltella, 776. Protapanteles, 1S5, 191. Protapanteles, 199. proteoteratis, 466. Protothyreopus, 665, 668. Protoxyela, 30, 31. Protrimorus, 542, 544. Provancherella, 251, 295. provancheri (Ascogaster), 231. (Crabro), 670, 671. (Halictus), 701, 703, 704. £ Onychia), 365. (Sagaritis), 262. provancheri, 717. provancheri var. pallidicornis, 231. proxima (Nomada), 725, 726. (Strongylogastroidea), 64. proximata, 95, 100. proximatus, 113. pruinosa, 733. pruinosus (Andricus), 410. (Halictus), 702, 704, 706. prunus, 406. Psammochares, 630, 632, 633. Psammocharidae, 607, 625. Psammocharinse, 626, 629. Psammophila, 681. Psen, 657, 658. Pseninae, 652, 657. Psenulus, 657, 658. Pseudagenia, 627. Pseudageniini, 627. Pseudanthophilus, 672, 673. Pseudapanteles, 189, 197. pseudargioli, 283, 284. Pseuderipternoides, 268, 269. Pseuderipternus, 246, 268, 269. Pseudisobrachium, 608, 609. Pseudocasinaria, 268, 270. Pseudocrabro, 668. Pseudometagea, 525. Pseudomethoca, 622. Pseudometopius, 254, 308. Pseudomyrma, 581. Pseudoponera, 581. Pseudoselandria, 65, 66. Pseudosiobla, 45, 58. Psilocera, 469, 470. Psilodora, 366. Psilomastix, 343. Psilomma, 569, 573. Psilophrys, 492, 493, 503. Psithyrus, 754, 759. Psychophagus, 470, 475. pterelas, 320. Pterocormus, 258, 344, 356, 359. Pteromalidse, 445, 468, 773. Pteromalus, 469, 470, 471, 773. Pteronidea, 112, 124. Pteronus, ill. Pteronus, 133, 134, 135, 136. Ptinobius, 508, 511. pubescens, 117, 119, 120. pugnata, 742, 744, 745. pulchella (Lissonota), 313, 315. (Macrophya), 94, 100. pulchella, 717. pulchella var. alba, 100. pulchellus (Andricus), 416. (Aphycus), 501. (Trigonalys), 243. pulcher (Amblyteles), 346, 350, 360. (Andricus), 427. pulcherrimus, 312, 313. pullatus, 464. pullatus var. hollensis, 243. pulvinariae, 501. pumila, 749, 750. punctata (Macrophya), 95, 100. (Tiphia), 619. punctatus (Andricus), 431. (Ceraphron), 560. (Philanthus), 673. punctiventris (Myrmica), 587. (Prosacantha), 552. punctulata, 313, 314. punctulatus, 117, 120. puparum, 471. puparum var. vanessae, 472, 473. purgatus, 288. purpurea, 748, 750. purpuridorsum, 146, 147. purus, 701, 703, 705. pusilla, 689. pusillus, 728. pustulatoides, 433. putus, 347. 358. Pycnomutilla, 622. pygmaea (Nomada), 726, 727. (Synaldis), 215. pygmaeus (Cephus), 174. (Erythraspides), 156. (Hylaeus), 737, 738. pyraustae (Apanteles), 188, 196. (Macrocentrus), 220. pyri, 225. pyrifolii, 226, 229. quadriceps (Phaeogenes), 341, 342. (Serphus), 574, 576. quadridens, 635. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 817 quadridentata, 750. quadrifasciata, 693. Quadrigana, 251, 294. quadrimaculata, 617. quadrimaculatus, 701, 703, 706. quadrinotatus, 659. quadrizonatus, 352, 357. quaintancei, 489. quatuordecim-punctatus, 82. quebecensis (Anoplolyda), 40, 41. (Tachysphex), 687. quercicola, 461. querciglobuli, 522. quercilanae, 519. quercilanae var. dorsalis, 519. quercipisi, 522. quercus, 130, 136. quercus-alba, 78, 79. quercus-arbos, 377, 434. quercus-coccinea, 79, 80. quercus-ficus, 377. quinnipiacorum (Microbracon), 205 207. (Synaldis), 215. quinquecincta, 617. quinque-notatus, 631. quintilis (Amblyteles), 354, 357- (Microplitis), 203, 204. (Phygadeuon), 334, 336. racemarise, 453. radiatus (Apanteles), 189, 197. (Halictus), 701, 703, 705. radicis, 426. radicum (Diastrophus), 373, 437. (Rhodites), 441. radiolata, 269. rapse (Aphidius), 260, 261. (Pachyprotasis), 81. Raphitelus, 470, 483. Ratzeburgia, 509. recurvarise, 191, 200. redimacula, 84, 91. reduvii, 510. refugus, 71, 75. rehni, 711, 719. relativa (Lissonota), 314, 315- (Tiphia), 619, 620. relativus, 633. relictus, 281, 284. remigatus, 729, 730. resutorivorus, 241. reticulatus, 424. retinise, 277. rex, 324. Rhabdepyris, 608, 612. Rhadinocersea, 143, 144. 340. 52 rhagii, 260, 261. Rhimphalea, 251, 296. Rhinopsis, 651. Rhodites, 368, 371, 440, 771. Rhodites, 373. rhoditiformis, 379. Rogas, 250, 289. Rogas, 235. Rhogogastera, 80, 83. rhopalocera, 295- Rhopalum, 662, 664. Rhopus, 491, 492, 493. Rhorus, 252, 300. Rhyssa, 255, 326. Rhyssalns, 235. ribesi, 128, 132, 134. ribis, 260, 261. Ridestus, 630. ridibunda, 214. Rileya, 517, 520. Riley a, 519. rileyanus, 187, 193. rileyi (Aleiodes), 236. (Isodyctium), 145, 146. (Telenomus), 545, 548. robertsoni (Andrena), 712, 715,717. (Cerceris), 695, 697. robinias, 188, 196. robima, 136. robinsoni, 626, 627. robusta (Pontania), 137, 140. (Pseudosiobla), 58. robustus, 58, 234. robustus, 102. rohweri, 159, t6o. Roproniidse, 180. Roptrocerus, 469. rosse (Aphidius). 260, 261. (Rhodites), 441. rosce, 77. rotunda, 58. rubi (Metallus), 160. (Monophadnoides), 151, 153. (Pamphilius), 39. $Polygnotus), 536, 538. rubicola, 534. rubicunda, 724, 727. rubicunda, 214. rubiginosa, 162, 163. rubra, 163. rubrica, 314. rubricapensis, 317. rubripes, 87, 91. rubrocinctum, 675, 676. rudis. 150. rufescens, 67, 68. ruficollis, 160, 161. ruficolor, 86, 91. 8i8 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. ruficornis (Loxotropa), 565. (Phygadeuon), 334, 336. ruficoxa, 265. ruficrus, 301. rufifemur, 668. rurigastra, 290. rufipes (Amauronematus), 123, 124. (Epyris), 611. (Psilocera), 470. (Stephanus), 216. (Tenthredo), 86, 90, 91. (Trichiasis), 534. (Trichopria), 566, 567. rufipes, 276. rufiscutellaris, 317. rufitarsus, 747. rufiventre, 609. rufiventris, 347, 354, 358. rufizonatus, 349, 360. rufocincta (Pteronidea), 127, 134. (Strongylogastroidea), 63, 64. rufocinctus (Pachynematus), 117, 119, 120. (Pamphilius), 38, 39- rufocoxalis, 187, 194. rufofasciatus, 41. rufofemorata, 526. rufopecta, 86, 90, 91. rufopectus, 320, 322. rufopediba, 89, 92. rufovariatus, 320, 322. rufula, 150. rufulus, 284. rufus (Agrothereutes), 330, 332. (Coleocentrus), 327. (Leptorhaptus), 510. rugareolatus, 228, 229. rugosa (Andrena), 714, 719. (Holcaspis), 401. rugosicollis, 485. rugosopetiolata, 573. rugulosa, 137, 140. rustica (Melissodes), 731, 732. (Osmia), 749, 750. saccularis, 432. sachemella, 213. sackeni, 515. Sagaritis, 246, 262. saginata, 167. sagus, 346, 350, ^57. saitidis, 551. salicacea, 716. salicaphis, 260, 261. salicicola (Euura), 141, 142. (Polygnotus), 536, 537, 539. salicis (Andrena), 720. salicis (Nematus), 134, 136. salictaria, 711, 715, 720. S alius. See Priocnemis. sanbornii, 673, 674. sanbornii, 623. sanctus, 228. sanguinea aserva, 595, 596. sanguinea rubicunda, 595, 596. sanguinea subintegra, 595, 596. sanguineum, 300. Saperdae, 766. Sapyga, 620. Sapygidae, 607, 620. sassacus (Amblyteles), 349, 360. (Bracon), 230, 231. (Chelonus), 232, 233. (Therion), 286, 287. saucius, 345, 355. saundersi, 454. Sawfly, larch, 115. raspberry, 153. rose, 77. European rose, 762. Sayapis, 745. sayi (Ccelioxys), 746, 747. (Hylseus), 738. 739- (Megachile), 743, 744. 745- (Nomada), 725, 726, 727. (Oryssus), 175. (Solenius), 667. sayi var. occidentalis, 175. sayi var. terminalis, 175. scabrata, 579. scabriformis, 270. scabrinodis, 587. scabrinodis var. fracticornis, 587. scabrinodis var. sabuleti, 587. scabrinodis var. schencki, 587. Scambus, 256, 318, 320, 766. scanticorum, 205, 207. scapularis (Hylotoma), 162, 163. (Mesoleius), 292. scelesta, 144. scelestus, 633. Scelio, 544, 556. Sceliomorpha, 544. Scelionidse, 530. 541. Sceliphron, 682. Sceliphronini, 678, 682. schaufussi, 599. schaufussi var. incerta, 586. Schizocerinse, 43, 164. Schizocerus, 164. Schlettererius, 215. schwarzi, 525. schwartzii (Conostigmus), 558, 559. (Phaenopria), 567, 568. Sciaptcryx, 58. Scinacopus, 336. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 819 scitula, 316, 317. scitulus (Amblyteles), 354, 359. (Andricus), 422, 428. • (Apanteles), 187, 193. (Mesochorus), 279, 280. Scolia, 616. Scoliidae, 607, 616. Scoliinae, 616. Scolioneurinae, 42, 158. Scolobates, 253, 297. scolytivorus, 210. Scopiorus, 253, 298. scripta, 40, 41. scriptifrons, 320, 322. scrobinata, 623, 625. scrupea, 625. sculpta, 408. sculptus, 225. scutellaris (Exetastes), 274. (Meniscus), 312,-313. sebequanash, 204, 206. secunda (Ichneutidca), 221. (Tenthredo), 88, 92. secundus (Polybates), 159. (Bucculatriplex), 765. sedulus, 295. Selandria, 65, 66. Selandria, 79, 80, 143. 145. 146, 147. 148, 150, 153. 155, 156. Selandriinae, 41, 65. semaeoda, 241. semicinctus, 37, 39. semicornis (Macremphytus), 59, 61. (Tenthredo), 85, 91. semiiea (Caenolyda), 36. (Cimbex), 104. semidiae, 453- semilutea, 82. seminator, 430. seminiger (Amblyteles), 348, 359. (Tryphon),294. seminosus, 421. Semiotellus, 486. Semiotellus, 479. semirubra, 230, 231. semirufus (Erigorgus), 282, 284. (Exochus), 306. separatus, 758, 759. sericea, 502. sericeus (Chelonus), 232, 233. (Dolerus), 69, 75- (Schizocerus), 164. Sericopompilus, 630, 632. serotina, 717. Serphidae, 531, 573- Serphoidea, 23, 529. Serphus, 530, 573. sessile, 590. sexcincta, 617. sexmaculatus, 667. Sierolomorpha, 618. Sigalphus, 218, 233. Sigalphus, 234. signata, 85, 86, 89, 91. signatipes, 348, 359. signatus, 334, 336. Signiphora, 506. Signiphoridae, 445, 506. similaris, 136. similata, 144. simile (Dianthidium), 752. (Diprion), 761. similis (Amauronematus), 122, 123. 124. (Andricus), 428. (Diastrophus), 436. (Dolerus), 74, 76. (Miota), 571, 572. similis, 705. simillima, 749, 750. simillima, 732. simillimus (Bassus), 228, 229. (Nomisephagus), 623. simplex, 210. simplicicornis, 109, no. simplicipes, 316, 317. simulata, 87, 92. singularis (Andricus), 431. (Crabro), 662. (Solenius), 667. sinuosus, 602, 603. Siobla, 58. siphonophorse, 452. Sirex, 170. Sir ex, 174. Siricidae, 29, 169. Siricinae, 169. slossonse, 158. slossoni (Ophion), 287, 288. (Tenthredo), 89, 92. Slug, pear, 79. Smicra, 526. sodalis, 747. 748. sokanakiakorum, 270. Solenaspis, 364, 366. Solenius,662, 664, 665. Solenopsis, 582, 584. Solenozopheria, 370, 37^, 434- solidaginis (Andrena), 714, 717- (Bracon), 230, 231. (Microgaster), 201, 202. (Polygnotus), 536, 537, 540. solitaris, no. solivagus, 673, 675. Sophropompilus, 632. 820 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. soror, 348, 360. Spalangia, 484, 485. Spalangia, 519. Spalangiidae, 445, 484. Spanotecnus, 249, 292. Sparaison, 544, 556. sparsus, 702, 704, 707. speciosus, 692. spectabilis, 508. Sphaerophthalma, 622, 625. Spcerc^yx, 233. Sphecidae, 651, 652. Sphecinae, 653, 678. Sphecini, 678, 680. Sphecius, 692. Sphecodes, 700, 708, 709. Sphecodium, 709. Sphecoidea, 23, 645. Sphecophaga, 252, 293. Sphegigaster, 468, 483. Sphex, 669, 680, 681. sphingis, 545, 546, 548. sphinx, 162, 163. spicatum, 103. spiculata 61, 64. Spilochalcis. 526. Spilomena, 688, 689. Spilomicrus, 561, 562, 563, 564. spilosomatis, 545, 546, 547- spinaria, 329. spinipes, 634. spinolae (Bembex), 694. (Odynerus), 636, 638. spinosa, 571. spinosus, 563, 564. spinulata, 238. spinulatus, 238. spiraeae, 154, 155. spiraeana, 714, 719. splendens, 701, 703, 705. spriuna, 733. stadaconensis, 351, 355, 360. Stehdidae, 699, 741. Stelis, 741. Stenamma, 583, 585. Stenichneumon, 355, 357. Stenopleura, 185, 191. Stephanidae, 179, 215. Stephanus, 215, 216. Stictia, 693. Stictonotus, 478. stigma, 514. stigmapterus, 310. stigmata (Eucoila), 366. . (Pteronidea), 131, 136. stigmaterus, 241. Stigmatomma, 580, 581. stigmatus, 558. Stigmus, 688, 689. Stilpnus, 257, 341. stirpicola, 668. Stizinae, 692. Stizus, 645. striaticeps, 535, 536, 537. striativentris, 552. strobilana, 403. Stromboceros, 65. Strongylogaster, 65, 67. Strongylogaster, 64, 67. Strongylogastroidea, 46, 61. Strumigenys, 582. studiosa, 520. stugnus, 74, 76. stygia, 620. suadus, 116, 120. suaveolens, 274. subalbatus, 118, 119, 120. subaptera (Acropiesta), 571. subapterus (Holepyris), 611. (Merisus), 480. subcrassus, 298. subcyaneus, 345, 351, 356. subdentatus, 579. subdolus, 346, 358. subemarginata, 563. subfirmus, 241. subita, 683. sublatus, 350, 357. sublatus var. proximus, 350, 357. submarginatus, 292. suborbicularis, 486. subpolita, 596, 599. subsericea, 578, 579, 596. subtruncata, 147. subviolaceus, 631, 632. succincta, 99, 101. succinctus, 354, 356. sulcata (Phasgonophora), 443, 527. (Trigonalys), 243. sulcus, 671. supcrbus, 312, 313. suturaljs, 349, 360. swezeyi, 496. sycophanta (Diplazon), 303. (Pristiphora), 113, 115. sylvestris, 374. symmorpha, 635. Symmorphus, 635, 638. Symmyrmica, 583. Sympheidole, 581. Sympherta, 252, 299. Symphobus, 250, 289. Sympiesis, 460, 461. Sympratis, 285. Synairema, 81. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 821 Synaldis, 211, 214. Synergus, 368, 371, 377, 408. Synhalonia, 733. Synoecetes, 251, 295. Synopeas, 531. Synophrus, 377, 379. Synothyreopus, 669. Syntomaspis, 444, 512, 514. Syntomaspis, 515, 516. Syntomosphyrum, 452. Syrphoctonus, 254, 302. Sysphmcta, 580. Systasis, 486. tabacum, 474. tabanivorus, 544. tabidus, 174. Tachysphex, 684, 686. Tachytes, 684, 685. tacitus, 67, 68. tasniatus, 335, 336. Tapinoma, 589, 590. Tapjnogonalos, 243. > tarsalis (Holmgrenia), 293. (Neoscleroderma), 610. tarsatorius, 240. 9 tarsatus (Macremphytus), 61. (Tachysphex), 687. taurea, 734. Taxonus, 45, 46. Taxonus, 46, 57, 64. tectus (Dolerus), 70, 75. (Neuroterus), 389. tecurnseh, 320. tegularis (Halictus), 702, 703, 706. (Lissonota), 313, 315. Teleas, 542, 553. Telenomus, 542, 544. Temelncha, 277. tenax, 690. tenebrosus, 633, 634. tenellus, 337, 339. tennesseensis, 585, 586. Tenthredella, 762. Tenthredinidae, 28, 41, 761. Tenthredininae, 42, 80. Tenthredinoidea, 22, 25, 761. Tenthredo, 80, 83, 762. Tenthredo, 81, 82. Tenthredopsis, 80, 82. Tcnthredopsis, 8i, 82, 83. tenuicornis, 319, 322. tenuipes, 286, 287. terminalis (Aleiodes), 235, 236. (Amblyteles), 347, 358. (Anthophora), 735. 736, 737. (Homalotylus), 500. (Pontania), 137, T40. (Strongylogastroidea), 62, 64. terminatus, 687. ternarius, 755, 757. terncola, 755, 757- tertius, 560. testaceipes, 259, 261. testaceus, 60, 61. Tetrachrysis, 605. Tetragonochora, 360. Tetralonia, 730, 733. Tetramorium, 582, 589. \ tetraplasta, 566, 567. Tetrastichidae, 446, 451. Tetrastichus, 452, 453. texana (Belyta), 571. (Macrophya), 93, 99. (Polysphincta), 318. texanus, 334, 336. Thalessa, 324. thaspii, 712, 713, 715, 719. Thaumatotypidea, 238. Thaumatotypus, 238. theclae (Apanteles), 188, 196. (Tetrastichus), 454. Therion, 248, 286. Theronia, 256, 323. Thersilochus, 275. thoracica (Mesostenidea), 329, 330. (Pteronidea), 129, 133, 135. thoracica, 621. thoracicus (Euceros), 299. (Platylabus), 343. Thrinax, 65, 67. thripites, 327, 328. thyantae, 550. Thyreodon, 249, 287. Thryeopus, 669. thyridopterygis, (Hemiteles), 337, 339, 340. (Pteromalus), 478. tibialis (Anteon), 616. (Phanerotoma), 233. (Polyblastus), 297. (Xiphydria), 168, 169. tibialis, 115. ' tibiator (Brachistes), 221. (Bracon), 230, 231. (Cardiochiles), 183. (Macrophya), 96, 100. tigris, 636, 639. tiliae, 149, 150. Timulla, 622, 625. tinctoriae, 768. Tiphia, 618, 619. Tiphiinae, 616, 618. tischeria? (Apanteles), 191, 199. (Astichus), 458. (Elasmus), 464. , (Sympiesis), 461. tityri. 288. 822 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. Tomostethus, 143, 148. topiarius, 420. torrida, 727. tortricis, 190, 199. torvina, 527. Tory tups, 515. Toxoneuron, 183. Toxophoroides, 317. Trachelus, 172, 174. Trachichneumon, 360. Trachymyrmex, 582. trachynotus, 191, 199. tramosericus, 655. trans versus (Monophadnus), 150. (Pamphihus), 38, 39. treatae, 585, 586. Tremecinae, 169, 172. Tremex, 172. triangularis, 525. triangularis, 672. triangulum, 103. Triaspis, 218, 234. tricarinatus, 610. Trichasis, 531, 534. Trichiocampus, 108, no. Trichiosoma, 102, 103. Trichogramma, 449. Trichogrammidae, 445, 449. Trichopria, 562, 563, 566. Trichrysis, 605. tricinctus, 459. Triclistus, 254, 307. tricolor (Paraxyela), 31. (Pteronidea), 126, 134. tridentatum, 676, 677. Tridymidae, 445, 486. Triepeolus, 722, 728. trifasciatus (Alcocerus), 308. (Closterocerus), 459. (Solenius), 667. Trigonalidae, 180, 242. Trigonalys, 243. trilineata, 130, 136. triloba, 683. trimaculatus, 173. Trioxys, 261. Trissolcus, 542, 549. trisulcus, 658. trisyllaba, 98, 101. tritici (Isosoma), 523. (Pachynematus), 119, 120. CXystus), 367. Trivittatus, 136. Trogus, 258, 343. Tromatobia, 322. tropicus, 631, 632. trosula, 93, 99. truncatella, 503. truncatus (Andronicus), 751. (Halictus), 701, 703, 705. truncicola integra, 595, 597. truncicola obscuriventris, 595, 597. Trypetes, 751. Tryphon, 252, 293. Trypoxylon, 675. Trypoxyloninae, 653, 675. tuber, 277, 428, 434. tuberculatus, 324. tuberculifrons, 342. I49> tuberosus, 430. tubicola (Andricus), 370, 430. (Callimome), 516. tumifica, 423. tumida, 375. tumidiformis, 335, '336. tumidus (Crabro), 669, 670. (Polygnotus), 536, 538. turgidus, 439. turionellae, 322. turni, 500. typhlocybae, 614. ulmi, 157. ultus, 351, 355, 360. ultus var. rogalis, 351, 360. umbilicatus, 390. umbratus mixtus var. nphidicola, 592, 593. umbratus mixtus var. ^peculiven- tris, 592, 593. uncas, 206, 208. unicincta, 64. unicolor (Astata), 688. (Dolerus), 73, 76. (Gelis), 327, 328. (Myrmosa), 621. (Nematus), 120, 121. (Sympherta), 299. unicus (Crabro), 663. (Strongylogaster), 67, 68. unifasciatorius, 346, 350, 351, 357. unifasciatus (Cryptocheilus), 629. (Odynerus), 636, 638. uniformis, 220. urbana, 240. urnaria, 682. Urocerus, 170, 171. Urocerus, 171. uroplatae, 462. Urosigalphus, 218, 233. nrsina, 735, 736, 737. utilis (Amblyteles), 355, 359. (Hecabolus), 237, 238. No. 22.] HYMENOPTERA OF CONNECTICUT. 823 utilis, 339. utriculus, 411, 423. vaccinii (Philonix), 381. (Solenozopheria), 434. vacciniicola, 513. vagans, 755, 757- vagus, 637, 640. validus, 740. Vanhorniidas, 180. varia (Lissonota), 314, 315. (Macrophya), 99, 101. variabilis, 759, 760. varians (Decatoma), 518. (Tenthredo), 90, 92. varianus, 60, 61. variatus (Exyston), 300, 301. (Polistes), 644. vancolor, 203, 204. variegatum, 500. varifrons (Hylaeus), 737, 739. (Monoblastus), 297. varius, 463, 464. velox, 348, 359. ventilabris, 673. ventralis (Arenetra), 315, 316. (Bembidula), 693. (Pteronidea), 125, 133, 134. ventricosus (Andricus), 409. (Ormyrus), 512. ventricosus, 134. venustus, 326. verditer, 472. verna, 404. vernalis, 264. vernoniae (Microbracon), 206, 208. (Polygnotus), 536, 537, 539. vernus, 441. verrucarum, 385. versabilis, 352, 357. versatus, 702, 704, 707. versicolor (Macremphytus), 60, 61. (Meteorus), 223, 224. versus, 75, 76. vertebrata, 131, 133, 136. verticalis (Chrysis), 604. (Hylaeus), 738, 739. (Tenthredo), 86, 91. vesicula (Andricus), 424. (Neuroterus), 394. Vespa, 641. Vespa, 642. Vespidae, 607, 640. Vespinaj, 640, 641. Vespini, 641. Vespoidea, 23, 606. Vespula, 641, 642. vesta, 623, 625. vestita, 717. viator, 183. vicina (Andrena), 713, 715, 718. (Nomada), 724, 726, 727. p > (Osmia), 749, 750. vicinus, 326. victima, 715, 720. vidua (Megachile), 743, 744, 745. (Pimpla), 766. viduiformis, 766. Viereckella, 722, 727. Viereckiana, 269, 271. vierecki (Dasymutilla), 623, 625. (Halictus), 702, 704, 707. viereckii, 564. villosa, 272. viminalis, 110. vincibilis, 341, 342. vincta, 724, 725, 727. vinnulus, 353, 358. viola, 344, 359. violaceipennis, 681. violaceipennis, 124. violaceum, 603. Vipionidae, 179, 181, 764. virescens (Halictus), 701, 703, 704. (Hylotoma), 161, 163. virginica (Phasnopria), 568. (Trichopria), 566, 567. (Xylocopa), 753. z'irginicus, 758. virginiensis (Aphanogmus), 560. (Macroteleia), 554. (Psammochares), 633. viridicyaneus, 603. viridissimus, 700, 703, 705. viridulus, 704. viticola, 535, 536, 537. vitis, 523. vitis, 156. vitreus, 278, 280. vitticollis, 271. vittifrons, 310. v-lineatus, 366. volens, 355. 359. vulgaris (Glypta), 316, 317. (Meteorus), 223, 224. (Phygadeuon), 334, 336. (Phytodietus), 312. (Sphex), 682. (Vespula), 643. vulpinus, 343. waccagum, 287. w-album, 348, 354, 356. waldeni (Aleiodes), 235, 236. (Bassus), 228, 229. (Microplitis), 203, 204. 324 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. (Odyncrus), 636, 638. (Tiphia), 619. walshianus, 636, 638. walshii, 169. wampanoagorum, 234. Wasp, black, 683. blue mud, 682. cockoo, 602. common, 644. giant sand, 692. gold, 602. potter, 634, 635. social, 640. thread-waisted, 678. yellow, 683. wawequa, 204, 206. weedi, 713, 714, 719. wilsoni, 352, 357. wilti, 323. winkleyi (Amblyteles), 347, 348, 358. (Andrena), 712, 718. (Apanteles), 186, 192. (Bassus), 227, 229. woonandi, 265. Xanthidium, 727. xanthopus, 572. Xanthosarus, 745. xanthostigmus, 207. Xanthoteras, 384. Xenoglossa, 730, 733. Xenomyrmex, 583. Xenotoma, 569, 570, 572. Xeris, 170, 171. Xestocrabro, 665, 667. Xestophanes, 372. Xiphomyrmex, 582. Xiphydria, 168. Xiphydria, 169. xiphydriae, 242. Xiphydriidae, 29, 168. Xorides, 256, 310. Xyela, 29, 30. Xyela, 31, 32. Xyelida?, 28, 29. xylinus, 187, 194. Xylocopa, 753. Xylocopidae, 699, 753- Xylocrabro. 668. Xylonomus, 257, 310, 767. Xylophruridea, 767. Xystoteras, 383. Xystus, 363, 367. Xystus, cabbage aphis, 367. oat, 367. Yellow-jacket, 641, 642. zabriskiei (Aeolus), 551. (Axima), 524. (Diomorus), 513. (Schizocerus), 164, 165. Zagrammosoma, 460, 462. Zamicrotoridea, 340. Zarea, 102. Zatropis, 476, 477. zebrata, 290. zeli, 511. Zelotypa, 569, 570, 572. Zemiodes, 250, 288. zephyrus, 702, 704, 706. Zethus, 634. ziziae (Andrena), 712, 716, 717. (Hylaeus), 737, 738, 739. zonalis, 97, 100. zonarius, 201, 202. sonata, 100. Zonocryptus, 333. Zoophthorus, 340. Zoothrephes, 304. Zopheroteras, 381. Zygota, 569, 570, 572. PLATE I. Hymenopterous Lary.e. 1. Croesus latitarsus Nort., on birch. 2. Giant Sawfly, Cimbex americana Leach. 3. A Sawfly larva, possibly (Pteronus ) Pteronidea ventralis Say. feeding on willow. 4. Tomostethus (Monophadnus) bardus Say, on ash. 5. Peach Sawfly, Pamphilius persicus MacG. All natural size. Plate I PLATE II. 1 Nest of White-faced Hornet, (Vespa) Vespula maculata Linn. Much reduced. 2. Nest of Common Wasp, Polistcs pallipes LePel. Natural size. Plate II PLATE III. Xest of Common Yellow-jacket, (Vespa) Vespula diabolica Sans?. Somewhat reduced . Lower figure has section removed to show interior. Plate III PLATE IV. i. Nest of Odynerus birenimaculatus Sauss. 2. Nest of Potter Wasp, Eumenes fratema Say. 3. Nest of Mud-dauber, Sceliphron cement arius Drury. All natural size. Plate IV PLATE V. Nest of Formica exsectoides Forel, a common Ant. Plate V <*&**< Mill, v * ■ A, * . :, . • &&& ** \ I PLATE VI. Galls Formed by Hymenopterous Insects. Blackberry Seed Gall, Diastrophiis cuscutcvformis O..S. 2. Knot Gall, Diastrophiis nebulosus O. S. 3. Mealy Rose Gall, Rhodites ignotus O. S. 4. Oak Bullet Gall, Holcaspis globulus Fitch. 5. Mossy Rose Gall, Rhodites roses Linn. All natural size. Plate VI PLATE VII. 1. Cocoons of Apanteles (Protapanteles) congregatus Say on young Tobacco Worm. Natural size. 2. Cocoons of a Microgasterine, the host of Pesomachus minimus Walsh, on apple twig. Natural size. 3. Cocoons of a Microgasterine, Apanteles (Protapanteles) glomeratus (Linn), a parasite of the Cabbage Worm. Twice natural size. Plate VII PLATE VIII. i. Peach Sawfly, Pamphilius persicus MacG. 2. Pigeon Horntail, Tremex c.olumba Linn, (female). 3. Pigeon Horntail, Tremex columba Linn. (male). 4. Elis quinquecincta Fabr. 5. Potter Wasp, Eumenes fratcrna Say. 6. Giant Sawfly, Cimbex americana Leach. 7. C Morion (Ammobia) ichneumoneum Linn. 8. Common Wasp, Polistcs pallipcs LePel. 9. CMorion (Ammobia) pennsylvanicum Linn. 10. European Giant Hornet, Vespa crabro Linn. 11. Mutilla ferrugata Fabr. 12. Large Velvet Ant, Mutilla occideutalis Linn. 13. Common Yellow-jacket, (Vespa) Vespula diabetica Sauss. 14. Mud Wasp, Chalybion cceruleum (Linn). 15. Giant Digger Wa?p, Sphecius spcciosus Drury. 16. White-faced Hornet, (Vespa) Vespula maculata Linn. All natural size. Plate VIII PLATE IX. i. Pelecinus polyiurator Drury (female). 2. {Ichneumon) Amblyteles comes Cresson. 3. Meniscus superbus Prov. 4. Lunate Long-sting, (Thalessa) Megarhyssa hmator (Fabr.) (male). 5. Black Long-sting, (Thalessa) Megarhyssa atrata (Fabr.) (female). 6. Black Long-sting, (Thalessa) Megarhyssa atrata (Fabr.) (male). 7. Ophion (Allocamptus) macrurus Linn. 8. Tragus vulpinus Gravenhorst. 9. Paiiiscus geminatus Say. 10. (Pimpla) Pimplidea marginata (Prov.). 11. 11 cteropelma Havicorne Brulle. All natural size. Plate IX PLATE X. i. Megachile (Xanthosarus) latimana Say. 2. Carpenter Bee, Xylocopa virginica Drury. 3. Honey Bee, Apis mellifera Linn. 4. Bembex spinolce LePel. 5. Bumblebee, (Bombus) Bremus pennsylvanicus Degeer (female). 6. Xenoglossa (Peponapis) priiinosa Say. 7. Halictiis Icrouxi LePel. 8. Bumblebee, (Bombus) Bremus terricola Kirby (female). 9. Halictus (Agapostemon) virescens Fabr. 10. Andrena solidaginis Robt. 11. Bumblebee, (Bombus) Bremus impatiens Harr. (female). 12. Andrena vicina Sm. 13. Carpenter Ant, Cauiponotus pennsylvanieus Degeer (winged form). 14. Carpenter Ant, Camponotus pennsylvanicus Degeer (wingless form). 15. Chrysis (Tetrachrysis) ctcrulans Fabr. All natural size. Plate X 467 Date Due FEB 1 1 M«7 1 # tgQf JUN 11987 BRODART. INC Cat No 23 233 Printed in 0 S A ( QL Britton, W.E. 475 Guide tO the insects of C8G8 Connecticut, Part III. Pt.3 c.l ESCI £E DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY ESCI ESCI