Station Lists and New Distributional Records of Littoral Marine Invertebrates of the Canadian Atlantic _and New England Regions ae al i Station Lists and New Distributional Records of Littoral Marine Invertebrates of the Canadian Atlantic and New England Regions National Museum of Natural Sciences Publications in Biological Oceanography, No. 5 Published by the National Museums of Canada Staff editor Rigmore Adamson Musée national des Sciences naturelles Publications d’océanographie biologique, n° 5 Publié par les Musées nationaux du Canada Station Lists and New Distributional Records of Littoral Marine Invertebrates of the Canadian Atlantic and New England Regions E.L. Bousfield and Diana R. Laubitz © Crown copyrights reserved Available by mail from the National Museums of Canada Marketing Services Ottawa, Ontario K1A OM8 Catalogue No. NM95- 7/6 National Museum of Natural Sciences National Museums of Canada Ottawa, Canada 1972 PO987654321 Y798765432 Litho in Canada Contents List of Maps, 6 List of Tables, 7 Résumé, 8 Summary, 9 Biographical Notes, 10 Preface, 11 Acknowledgements, 1 2 Methodology, 13 Tables, 13 General Hydrobiological Characteristics of the Study Regions St. Lawrence Estuary and Gaspé Coast, 15 Southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence, 16 Atlantic Coast of Eastern Nova Scotia, 18 Northern New England and Western Nova Scotia, 20 Geographical and Ecological Data for the Collections, 23 Literature Cited, 50 List of Maps Collection stations of littoral marine invertebrates in eastern Can- ada and New England regions 1 Guide to regional station locality maps, 14 1A St. Lawrence estuary and Gaspé coast, 24 1B Southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence, 32 1C Atlantic coast of eastern Nova Scotia, 40 1D Northern New England and western Nova Scotia, 44 Distribution of subarctic and temperate indicator species in eastern Canada and New England regions 2 Gammarus setosus, 16 3. Mysis gaspensis, 18 4 Ampithoe longimana, 20 5 Bittium alternatum, 21 ‘List of Tables Guide to Literature 1 Littoral Marine Invertebrate Surveys, Eastern Canada (1950-58), 11 Geographical and Ecological Data for the Collections St. Lawrence Estuary and Gaspé Coast (1953), 25 St. Lawrence Estuary (1969), 30 Southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence (1960), 33 Atlantic Coast of Eastern Nova Scotia (1962), 39 Northern New England and Western Nova Scotia (1963), 45 oof WN Resume On a préparé des cartes locales et compilé les données accumulées dans les stations de recherche. Celle-ci s'est effectuée sur place et porte sur la répartition et |’'écologie des invertébrés marins cétiers, principalement des mollusques et des crustacés des régions sui- vantes: l’estuaire du St-Laurent et la céte gaspésienne, 1953, 1969; le sud-ouest du golfe St-Laurent, 1960; la cote atlantique de |’est de la Nouvelle-Ecosse, 1962: et la céte du golfe du Maine qui borde la Nouvelle-Ecosse et la Nouvelle-Angleterre, 1963. Les données locales concernent un certain nombre d’espéces d'inver- tébrés pour lesquelles on croit avoir établi de nouvelles bornes de répartition ou qui sont d’un intérét zoogéographique ou écologi- que particulier. Summary Station data and locality maps are provided for field investigations on the distribution and ecology of littoral marine invertebrates, mainly molluscs and crustaceans, in the following regions: St. Law- rence estuary and Gaspé coast, 1953, 1969; the southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence, 1960; the Atlantic coast of eastern Nova Scotia, 1962; and the Gulf of Maine coast of western Nova Scotia and New England, 1963. Locality records are provided for a num- ber of invertebrate species that are believed to set new distribu- tional limits, or are of particular interest, zoogeographically or ecologically. Biographical Notes E.L. Bousfield Born in Penticton, B.C., in 1926, Dr. Bousfield graduated from the University of Toronto in Zoology (B.A., 1948; M.A., 1949), and re- ceived his Ph.D. from Harvard University (Marine Biology, 1954). He joined the National Museums of Canada in 1950, as Inverte- brate Zoologist, and in 1964 became Chief Zoologist. He is the au- thor of over 50 scientific and popular publications, including Cana- dian Atlantic Sea Shells (1960), ‘‘Fresh-water Amphipod Crustaceans of Glaciated North America’’ (1958), and ‘‘Hausto- riidae of New England (Crustacea: Amphipoda)’’ (1965). His scien- tific research interests are primarily in the taxonomy, distribution and ecology of shallow-water amphipod and cirripede crustaceans; estuarine and intertidal ecology; and postglacial dispersal of fresh- water and marine invertebrates of Canada. Diana R. Laubitz Born in London, England, Diana Laubitz graduated from Cam- bridge University with a B.A., specializing in Zoology. She came to Canada in 1956, and has been associated with the National Mu- seum of Natural Sciences since 1964. Her research has been con- cerned primarily with the taxonomy and systematics of the Caprel- lidea, and she is the author of Studies on the Caprellidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) of the American North Pacific and The Caprellidae (Crustacea, Amphipoda) of Atlantic and Arctic Canada, in the Museum's Biological Oceanography series. Recently she has started investigating some of the Gammaridea closely related to this group. Preface Since 1950 the senior author has conducted systematic field sur- veys of littoral marine invertebrate animals, particularly crusta- ceans and molluscs, of the Atlantic coast of Canada and the adja- cent coast of New England. These surveys have provided material for published faunistic studies. Those studies based on surveys prior to 1960 have included regional station data and locality maps (Table 1). The present contribution provides station data and locality maps for regional surveys from 1960 to 1969 (Tables 3- 6; Maps 1, 1B-1D). Station data for the St. Lawrence estuary and Gaspé coast region have been given in part by Tattersall (1954); the complete station list and the locality map are included here (Table 2; Map 1A). Table 1. Littoral Marine Invertebrate Surveys, Eastern Canada (1950-58): Guide to Literature. Year Region Publication of of survey station data, maps 1950 Coastal New Brunswick and Bousfield 1952 Nova Scotia; Miramichi Bousfield 1954 estuary Bousfield 19556, 1955c 1951 Miramichi estuary Bousfield 19556, 1955c 1953 St. Lawrence estuary and Tattersall 1954 (part) Gaspé coast 1954 Cape Breton Island and Bousfield 19565 Newfoundland 1955 Western Nova Scotia Bousfield 1956c 1956 - Western Nova Scotia Bousfield 19586 1958 Minas Basin and Bay of Bousfield and Leim 1960 Fundy Bousfield 1962a Publication of station lists is a useful method of avoiding dupli- cation of raw data and map figures where dependent multidisciplin- ary publications are anticipated (e.g. Dunbar and Grainger 1952; Bousfield and McAllister 1962). The 1960-69 material has al- ready provided published records of polychaete worms (Pettibone 1963a, 19636), haustoriid amphipods (Bousfield 19626), ampelis- cid and melitid amphipods (Mills 1963, 1964, 1967), caprellid amphipods (McCain 1968), and oyster drills (Medcof and Thomas 1969). The 1953 material provided the basis for a study on re- gional mysid shrimps (Tattersall 1954), a short study on fresh- water gastropod molluscs (Bousfield 1955a), and a preliminary re- gional hydrobiological analysis (Bousfield 1956a). Along with survey material listed in Table 1, the 1953 material was incorpo- rated in studies on selected invertebrate groups such as talitrid am- phipods (Bousfield 1958c), freshwater amphipods (Bousfield 1958a) and shallow-water marine molluscs (Bousfield 1960, Preface 1964). The present station data, together with previously pub- lished data (Table 1), are incorporated in forthcoming studies on postglacial marine invertebrate distribution (Bousfield and Thomas, in press), gammaridean amphipods of New England (Bousfield, in press), and caprellid amphipods of the northwestern North Atlantic (Laubitz 1972). These and other pertinent studies now in prepa- ration have lent urgency to the publication of the basic station data and primary distributional records in this paper. | Acknowledgements Many interested persons and research agencies contributed in various ways to the field operations during this extended period. The authors are especially grateful for facilities, equipment and as- sistance provided by officers of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, particularly by Dr. R. E. Drinnan, Mr. Stanley Vass and Mr. W. Robichaud during fieldwork in Prince Edward Island, the Magdalen Islands and Shippigan regions, respectively; by Dr. H. E. Corbeil, Dr. P. Brunel and Mr. J. Bergeron, all of Station de Biologie marine, Grande-Riviére, Quebec, during work in the Gaspé region, 1953, and on the Magdalen Islands, 1960; by Dr. Hans Boerger, Mount Desert Island Biological Station, Salisbury Cove, Maine, Dr. A. P. Stickney, U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service, Booth- bay Harbor, Maine, and Dr. M. R. Carriker, Marine Biological Labo- ratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, during the New England sur- vey, 1963; and by Dr. René Lavoie, Laval University, Dr. Geoffrey Power, University of Waterloo, Mr. Donald Galienne, Sept-lles, and Mr. Charles H. Douglas, during field operations along the St. Law- rence north shore in 1969. Sorting and identification of 1960 bio- logical material and compilation of the data were greatly assisted by Mrs. Anne Stamper, Lewes, England. Barbara Bousfield, wife of the senior author, took part in all surveys except that of 1969, and was most helpful in the collection of intertidal molluscs and in field photography. To all these persons and agencies and to others un- named, the authors extend their sincere thanks. Methodology Most of the collections and observations were conducted from the shore at stations accessible by road. Some freshwater streams and lakes and a few terrestrial habitats were sampled. Shore collections were made with long-handled dip nets and small sieves, or by hand-picking between the tidemarks, and at hip-boot depth. Small boats obtained locally were used in sampling the bottoms of la- goons and estuarine channels, particularly during the 1960 field operations. An Ekman bottom-sampler was used effectively on soft mud and sand to depths of over 30 feet (10 metres). A small triangular-frame dredge and a 3-foot iron-frame dredge were use- fully employed, the latter mainly on stony and shelly bottoms, to depths of over 50 feet (16 metres). Oyster tongs and oyster rakes were particularly effective on mud and shell bottoms in depths be- tween 5 and 10 feet. A set of standard brass sieves, minimum screen size 1 mm, was used to separate small organisms from muddy and sandy-mud substrata. All materials were fine-sorted into systematic groups, re-preserved, and deposited in the research collections of the National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa. Surface temperatures were recorded with a mercury thermome- ter accurate to the nearest 0.1°C, and surface salinities were cal- culated from float hydrometer readings of specific gravity accurate to the nearest 0.0001 gm/cc. Depths were measured by cali- brated line soundings. Tables ‘Maps consulted in the construction of the tables are from three main sources: National Topographic Series, Map scale Surveys and Mapping Branch, 1: 50,000 (1 mile) Department of Energy, Mines 1: 200,000 (4 miles) and Resources, Ottawa. 1: 400,000 (8 miles) Hydrographic Charts, various Canadian Hydrographic Service, Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, Ottawa. Army Map Service, 12°°30,000 United States Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. In some cases, the names of the localities listed have been offi- cially changed since the maps were issued, and may no longer be in familiar use. Map 1 Collection stations of littoral marine invertebrates; guide to regional station locality maps of eastern Canada and New England General Hydrobiological Characteristics of the Study Regions A comprehensive and detailed presenta- tion of the hydrobiology of the Canadian Atlantic and northern New England coastal regions is a desirable result of completed long-term studies, but is be- yond the scope of this initial report and station list. However, selected field ob- servations on hydrobiological features of each of the four major subregions (Maps 1, 1A-1D) may be usefully included in this preliminary report. St. Lawrence Estuary and Gaspé Coast (Tables 2 and 3; Map 1A) With respect to the St. Lawrence es- tuary, general hydrobiological features have been presented by _ Bousfield (1956a), Lavoie (1970) and Bourget (1971). The outer Gaspé region and Chaleur Bay region have been listed by Lacroix (1967), Brunel (1970) and Bousfield (1956a). These authors tend to subdivide the estuary proper “into three discrete re- gions. The upper estuary is the tidal freshwater portion, stretching for about 100 miles above the fle d’Orléans; this region is warm in summer and supports a strictly freshwater fauna. Some spe- cies (e.g. Viviparus viviparus L.) extend significantly landward into the lower part of the broad tidal zone. The middle estuary comprises the re- gion from the east end of the Tle d'Orléans to the mouth of the Saguenay estuary on the north side and to Trois Pistoles on the south side. Salinity and temperature gradients are steep, both horizontally and vertically, and show large seasonal variation. The tidal ampli- tude is high, but water transparency is very low, particularly along the south shore, where the main seaward thrust of silt-laden fresh water is impelled by the Coriolis force. The shallow-water fauna consists largely of widely eurytopic and hardy arctic-boreal or boreal marine spe- cies of both plants and animals. The middle estuary sets downriver limits to freshwater organisms such as crayfish (Orconectes), cladocerans (Bosmina), limnaeid and physid gastropods, and unionid bivalves, the shells of which are ice-rafted onto the same beaches as ma- rine assemblages, even as far east as Bic. The lower estuary, from the Saguenay to Pointe des Monts and Cap Chat, is marked by low summer surface tem- peratures and high surface salinities. In- tense summer upwelling of very cold deep water immediately seaward of the Saguenay sill produces very high nutri- ent levels at the surface and very high primary productivity of benthic algae, particularly along the adjacent south shore. A strong inflow of fresh water from numerous large rivers along the north shore appreciably lowers surface salinities there in spring and early sum- mer. Tidal amplitudes are lower and wa- ter transparencies higher than in the middle estuary. The shallow-water fauna of the lower estuary (and Sague- nay fiord) contains a high proportion of arctic and subarctic endemics (e.g. Gammarellus homari, Gammaracanthus loricatus, Atylus carinatus), much higher than would be expected at such a low latitude (48°-49°N). In a study of breeding seasons and larval attachment in sessile marine in- vertebrates (e.g. Ba/anus), Bourget (1971) concluded that primary produc- tivity in the middle estuary is very low because low salinities and high turbid- ities drastically limit the numbers of spe- cies of algae and their ability to pho- tosynthesize. His temperature and salin- ity data show that, in the lower estuary, surface temperatures become progres- sively lower and salinities become higher during summer as the estuarine nutrient pump action (upwelling) Is ac- celerated by spring runoff and summer westerly winds; however, the mecha- General Hydrobiological Characteristics of the Study Regions Map 2 Distribution of subarctic and temperate indicator species: Gammarus setosus @ New record @ Published record nism tends to shut down in winter be- cause of the thick ice-cover, reduced freshet, and reduced wind effects, and the surface water tends to stratify and become relatively low in salinity. Bour- get (1971) also found that the reproduc- tive period of several arctic-boreal and boreal species occurs very late within the estuary. Spawning periods are com- parable to those of low arctic latitudes and are much later than in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and outer Maritimes coastline. Coastal waters of the northwestern portion of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, northwest of Anticosti Island, are some- what warmer and more brackish in sum- mer than adjacent coastal regions. Mid- summer surface temperatures are 14°- 16°C and salinities 20-28%o, and the inshore fauna contains several boreal elements, such as Asterias_ vulgaris, Idotea balthica, Ampithoe rubricata, Pleusymtes glaber, Thais /apillus, and Littorina littorea, that are lacking within, or penetrate only partly into, the lower estuary. Southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence (Table 4; Map 1B) The southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence is essentially a region of sandy-mud and eelgrass lagoons, soft-red sandstone bedrock, and beautiful sandy beaches. Some estuaries are primarily mud-bot- tomed, particularly in the North- Southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence umberland Strait region, where tidal amplitudes are somewhat higher than on the open Gulf coast. Summer surface temperatures are everywhere above 15°C and usually above 18°C, and sa- linities are 25-28 %o. Thermal stratifica- tion is very pronounced, permitting warm-water (but winter-hardy) species to occupy a thin surface zone along shores and in estuaries, and cold-water faunas to exist in summer-cold bottom water close inshore. Winter ice is heavy, appearing in early December and frequently persisting until mid-May, fol- lowed by rapid vernal heating of the sur- face water layer. Ice scouring contrib- utes significantly to the rapid erosion of cliff faces and to the low density of ses- sile intertidal fauna and flora throughout the region (Stephenson and Stephenson 1954). The eastern end of Prince Edward Is- land is essentially a summer-cold and winter-mild area. Unlike most Island es- tuaries, Georgetown Harbour is a deep, wide inlet whose open mouth is not cut off from the Gulf by barrier bars. Prevail- ing summer westerlies blow surface wa- ter out to sea and create inshore upwell- ing of cold salt water. In winter, the upwelling water is comparatively warm, and icing is less severe than elsewhere. The summer-cold bottom conditions are unfavourable to certain species (e.g. Ba- lanus improvisus) having warm-water pelagic larvae that must be retained within the estuary. The Magdalen shallows, or ‘‘Magda- len pocket’ (of Abbott 1968), contains the main northernmost populations of the warm-water, or Virginian, fauna that includes the ‘‘oyster’’ benthic inverte- brate association. These species meet their northern limit at Chaleur Bay (e.g. B17, B20, Restigouche estuary). The oyster association includes the crusta- ceans Neopanope texana sayi, Palaemo- netes vulgaris, Balanus improvisus, Corophium insidiosum, Caprella pe- nantis, and Leptochelia rapax; the gas- tropods Nassarius obsoletus, Odostomia bisuturalis, Mitrella lunata, Retusa cana- liculata, Pyramidella fusca, and Crepi- dula fornicata; the bivalves Mulinia /ate- ralis, Mysella_ planulata, Volsella de- missus, Petricola pholadiformis, and Mercenaria mercenaria; and representa- tives of other invertebrate groups, such as Molgula manhattensis (Tunicata), Polydora websteri and Eteone heterpoda (Polychaeta), and Microciona prolifera (Porifera). Particularly noteworthy records for warm-water crustaceans in the south- western Gulf region are: Melita nitida (S27, S29); Ampithoe longimana - l|a- goons of the outer coast of P.E.|. (e.g. P2, P42), Magdalen Islands (M5, M6), George Bay (S7), and Buctouche (B5); Ovalipes ocellatus (B23, B24); and Rhithropanopeus harrisi (S23, S27, P8). Extending or confirming the molluscan ranges summarized by Bousfield (1960) are the following: the gastropods /ri- phora .nigrocincta (S25, $35, P43; B27); Cerithiopsis greeni (S25, $35, P12); Bittium alternatum - New Bruns- wick coast north to B5 and sporadically to B17, east in Nova Scotia to George Bay, widely around P.E.I., but not on the Magdalens (see also Map 5); Odostomia seminuda (S34, P5); Haminoea_ soli- taria- mainland north to B1/, widely around P.E.I., but not on the Magda- lens; the nudibranch Elysia chlorotica (S31, B22, B31); the bivalves Cum- mingia_ tellinoides - mainland north to B8, not on the Magdalens; Pandora gouldiana (M4, B20); and a large beach deposit of fossil oyster shells at M8, pre- viously noted by Medcof, Clarke and Er- skine (1965). The boreal species Zir- phaea crispata is common along peaty margins of the northeastern New Bruns- wick coast. Specimens of Saccog/ossus kowalewskii (Agassiz) were confirmed General Hydrobiological Characteristics of the Study Regions Map 3 Distribution of subarctic and temperate indicator species: Mysis gaspensis @ New record @ Published record from station P34 by Dr. N. Burdon- Jones (personal communication). Unexpected records of live shallow- water populations of cold-water or sub- arctic species include: Mysis gaspensis (S11, S16, P19, M4-M6, B11), Ba- lanus balanus (P37, M10, B24), Meso- desma arctatum (P26, M1, M10, B15), Arctica islandica (P25,M11, M12), Vol- sella modiolus (P37, M11), Margarites helicinus (P37), and Buccinum undatum (P25, P27,M12, B16). Apparently, very sharp vertical and seasonal thermo- clines permit both warm-water and cold- water faunas to exist virtually side by side in this region. The Magdalen Is- lands did not yield living specimens of Crassostrea virginica, Mercenaria mer- cenaria, Volsella demissa, Nassarius ob- soletus, cerithiid snails, Neopanope tex- ana sayi, Palaemontes vulgarus, or Balanus improvisus. The absence from the Magdalen Islands of these abundant and dominant indicators of Virginian summer conditions suggests that the name ‘‘Magdalen pocket’’ may not be entirely applicable or suitable. Atlantic Coast of Eastern Nova Scotia (Table 5; Map 1C) The outer coast of eastern Nova Scotia, particularly from Clam Harbour to In- dian Harbour, is essentially a cold-water region. Here are found the lowest sum- mer surface temperatures and the great- est seasonal range of air temperatures. Atlantic Coast of Eastern Nova Scotia The rigorous continental climate ac- counts mainly for the low species diver- sity, the low incidence of winter thermo- philes, and the rarity of warm-water endemics. The influence of the substra- tum on faunal composition is marked. The regional bedrock is igneous and acid- ic, forming a sharp escarpment (a more than 50-foot drop) a few miles inland from the outer coast. The estuaries are thus short and lack extensive sandy- mud tidal flats. Cold water penetrates up the channels, upwelling is induced by prevailing offshore weather systems, and the surface flow of fresh water into the estuary is low in nutrients and pH. All these factors combine to produce conditions unsuitable for warm-water estuarine endemics, particularly those with pelagic larvae. Only Oyster Pond and Ostrea Lake today offer suitable, if tenuous, physical conditions for comple- tion of the life cycles of such organisms (see also Medcof et al. 1965). The axis of an estuary may have an important bearing on its faunal compo- sition. If the axis is elongate and at right angles to the ocean front, surf and cold water penetrate well into the bay in summer; the fauna is composed largely of cold-water or boreal eurytherms and lacks endemics. Along somewhat more mature coastlines, estuaries tend to broaden at the mouth and are partly protected by barrier bars and shallow sills. With moderate protection from surf, inner waters stratify in summer, and a few warm-water species may be found there. Along mature coastlines, la- goons with sandy barrier bars develop, the axis of the estuary becomes more or less parallel to the coast, and inner wa- ters are completely protected from surf and cold-water invasion. Summer strati- fication and a warm-water plankton- retention mechanism characterize the circulation. Most of the estuaries of east- ern Nova Scotia can today be included among the first two categories de- scribed, whereas very few (e.g. Cole Harbour) fit into the third category or close to it. In hypsithermal times (c. 7OOO bp), however, lowered sea lev- els exposed extensive offshore sandy ar- chipelagos that had probably developed mature estuarine profiles, and thereby provided a sort of stepping-stone north- ward passageway for warm-water es- tuarine endemics into the Gulf of St. Lawrence (see also Bousfield and Thomas, in press). The warm-water or ‘‘oyster’’ fauna occurs sporadically along the eastern Nova Scotia coast, although surprisingly widespread are Corophium insidosum (absent only from A36-A42 and A54- A60), Bittium alternatum (A4, A6, A17, A22, A23, A27, A31, A32, A34, A47, A66, A70), and Jel/lina agilis (including A48, A53, A58, A59, A61, A66, A68, A69). Other notable records among the crustaceans are Haustorius canadensis (A17), Caprella penantis (A16, A73), Leptochelia rapax (A5, A22, A34, A37, A61, A70O, A79), and Mysis stenolepis (A4,A16, A22,A61, A63, A66, A69). An apparent lack of Ba/anus impro- visus, Ampithoe longimana, and warm- water decapods probably reflects the unsuitability of present-day summer temperatures and estuarine circulation for prolonged pelagic larval develop- ment and retention. Most warm-water molluscs occur in pockets west of Sheet Harbour or in the Chedabucto Bay and Cape Breton regions, with occasional specimens at intervening localities (ice- rafted shells), e.g.: the gastropods Mit- rella lunatia (A6, A17, A22, A32), Re- tusa canaliculata (A25, A31, A32, A3A4), Crepidula fornicata (A22, A34, A43), Nassarius obsoletus (A6, A17, A22, A27, A32, A70, A71, A79), and Hami- noea solitaria (A27); the bivalves Cras- sostrea virginica (A1, A6), Mysella plan- ulata (A17, A19), Volsella demissa (A1, General Hydrobiological Characteristics of the Study Regions Map 4 Distribution of subarctic and temperate indicator species: Ampithoe longimana A5, A6, empty valves at A52), Pandora gouldiana (A22, A33), Petricola pholadi- formis (A6, A22, empty valves at A66), and Pitar morrhuana (A19, A27, A35, A43). Winter-mild thermophiles occur eastward along the coast as follows: Amphiporeia virginiana (to A5O), Marino- gammarus finmarchicus (to A29), Bathy- poreia quoddyensis (A10, A12, A73), Chiridothea caeca (to A5O), and Orches- tia grillus (to A6O). Orchestia gamma- rella was taken at A22, and the pipefish Syngnathus fuscus at A71. Cold-water and subarctic species are not uncommon close inshore, especially in the region east of Sheet Harbour to Cape Canso (A43-A60). These include the crustaceans Mysis gaspensis (A31, A34, A35, A60, A64, A65), Balanus ba- lanus (A73), Mancocuma stellifera (AQ, 20 A17, A18, A21, A30, A31, A42, A73), Pontoporeia femorata (A27, A35), and Pagurus pubescens (A44); the gastro- pods Buccinum undatum (A22, A42), Skenea planorbis (A51, A66, A74, A75, A76), and Margarites helicinus (A22, A35, A42, A44, A54, A58, A63, A76); and the bivalves Mesodesma arctatum (AQ, A12, A17, A19, A64, A73), and Volsella modiolus (A8, A33, A35, A39Q, A42, A60O, A63). Northern New England and Western Nova Scotia (Table 6; Map 1D) The New England coast north of Cape Cod is a boreal or cold-temperate region that may be divided into two zoogeo- graphical subregions. On the basis of surface-water characteristics and faunal composition, we may recognize (1) the Northern New England and Western Nova Scotia Map 5 Distribution of subarctic and temperate indicator species: Bittium alternatum section north from Penobscot Bay by its uniformly cold (less than 12°C) summer surface temperatures and relatively high salinities, in which boreal and subarctic faunal elements are dominant; and (2) the section south of Penobscot Bay con- taining pockets of warm brackish waters in which Virginian faunal elements are dominant. The Cape Cod region has long been recognized as a practical northern limit of the main populations of the Virginian fauna and a southern limit of the boreal fauna. In actuality, however, many of the warm-water invertebrates extend northward into northern New England and cold-water invertebrates to Long Is- land Sound and southward. Notable northern New England records among the warm-water arthropods are Limulus polyphemus (M32, M33), Balanus im- provisus (M33, M35), Pagurus long- icarpus (M31, M32), Rhithropanopeus harrisi (M58), Exosphaeroma orego- nensis (M75), Heteromysis formosa (M73), Melita nitida (M35, M39), Am- pithoe valida (M35), Corophium ache- rusicum (M33), Gammarus palustris (M58), and Orchestia uhleri (M52, M53). Extending northward into west- ern Nova Scotia are Palaemonetes pugio (S17), Mysis stenolepis (S3, S11), Praunus’ flexuosus (SQ), Carcinides maenas (S11, S2, $17, S19), Libime emarginata (S1), Corophium insidiosum (S9, S17), and C. /acustre (head of St. Marys Bay). Records of winter-mild thermophiles include Orchestia gammarella (S4, M7), Ligia oceanica (S4, S6,S16, M56), and 21 General Hydrobiological Characteristics of the Study Regions Littorophiloscia vittata (S11, S13, S17, S20, M34) (see also Lemos de Castro 1965). Noteworthy records of warm-water molluscs include the gastropods Poli- nices duplicata (M71, M73), Urosalpinx cinerea (S9, M32, M33), Bittium al- ternatum (M77), Haminoea solitaria (M19, M20), Nassarius obsoletus (S1, $17,M1,M20), Crepidula fornicata (S1, S9,M19, M20, shell at M6), Mitrella /u- natia (S1, S9, M32, M33), and Ovatella myosotis (S11, M33); the bivalves Cras- sostrea virginica (M39, M57), Merce- naria mercenaria (S1, S8, M19, M32, M33), Volsella demissa (S8, S17, M20, M32-M34), Petricola pholadiformis (S9, M20, M32, M33), Pandora goul- diana (S1, S8, S9), Mysella planulata (S9), and Tellina agilis (S1, M1, M30); and the squid Lo/igo pealii (S1). In the lower part of the tidal zone, along Maine and Scotian coasts border- ing the entrance to the Bay of Fundy, are found a number of cold-stenother- mal invertebrates that occur subtidally elsewhere: Cancer borealis, Balanus ba- lanus, Melita dentata, Pontoporeia femo- rata, Anonyx sarsi, Volsella modiolus, Arctica islandica, Astarte undata, Meso- desma arctatum, Buccinum undatum, and Margarites helicinus. Especially noteworthy records of cold-water spe- cies include Mysis gaspensis (M10, M11), Mancocuma stellifera (M9), Gam- marus setosus (S12, M5), and southern interdidal populations of Cancer borealis and Buccinum undatum (M72). 22 Geographical and Ecological Data for the Collections Geographical and Ecological Data GULF OF St. LAWRENCE G32 ca O28 G25 GH G33 G34 24 G39 622 i ie cart Gi6 = G20 G54 G52 G42 G55. at G44 G58 oS G60" 659 ous 7 G61 Saguena d 9 y C16 «C18 C20 )'G62 L252 [ss $25 C14 S224 $26 C15 C17 24 $21 C2 cu C13 a ct C3 co C12 N14 Me c8_C10 48° ae c7 N12 FE ae ~ du S1 S : CHALEUR BAY r cs Map 1A Collection stations in the St. Lawrence estuary and Gaspé coast regions 24 St. Lawrence Estuary and Gaspé Coast Table 2. St. Lawrence Estuary and Gaspé Coast (1953) Key to station localities on Map 1A: A - Anticosti Island; C - Chaleur Bay; G - Gaspé (Ste-Flavie to Percé); S - south shore, St. Lawrence estuary; N - north shore, St. Lawrence estuary Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. val %o Ail Aug.9_ Port-Menier, SE of 49°48’ 64°21' LWtoHW 13.8 31.2 Tidal flats, limestone, wharf HW drift A2 Aug.12 Port-Menier, pier 49°49’ 64°22' HW _ -- Gravel beach A3 Aug.11 Baie Ste-Claire 49°53.5' 64°31' LWtoHW 78 30:6 Pebble and sand beach, tidal flats House ruins Terrestrial _ — Under stones Woodlands Terrestrial — — Under logs Small lake Terrestrial = — Under boards in and around dried lake A4 Aug.10 2 miles NE of Cap 49°56’ 64°05’ LWoHW Tho 305 Pebbles and limestone de Rabast flats, igneous boulders Small stream 20.0 Brackish to fresh C1 Aug.7 Maria, old wharf 48°10’ 66°00' LWtoHW 13.1 15.9 Stones at base of pilings, pebble beach C2 Aug.7 Cascapédia estuary 48°15.5' 65°54’ LWtoHW 16.5 18.4 Mud flats C3 Aug.6_ R. Petit Cascapédia, 48°10’ 65°50.5’ LW 14.9 1.4 River and tidal flats at New Richmond C4 Aug.7_ R. Petit Cascapédia 48°10.5’' 64°46’ 1 ft 16.1 Fresh Stones C7 Aug.6- Paspébiac, oldwharf 48°01’ 65°14’ HW — _ Sand beach C8 Aug.6 _ St-Godefroi, west 48°04’ 65°C?" “HW = — Under logs, fine-sand beach C9 = July 31. ~Port-Daniel, river 48°11’ 64°58’ MW 18.8 Brackish Mud flats, eelgrass mouti) Head of estuary 48°12’ 64°58’ MW. — Brackish Mud flats, salt marsh C10 July 31 Port-Daniel, east 4S° 11" 64°57' HW NSB -2H29 Fine-sand beach C11 Aug.6 Gascons 48°12' 64°52’ HW a -- Under logs, fine-pebble beach C12 July 31 Newport, beach 48°15’ 64°45’ HW _ — Fine-sand beach opposite Gull |. C13 Aug.6 Newport light AB? 17! 64°43' HW — —_ Coarse-sand beach C14 Aug.3 Chandler,headofbay 48°20’ 64°44’ LWtoHW 204 19.2 Marshy beach, mud at R. du Grand Pabos flats C15 Aug.2 Chandler, mouth of 48°20’ 64°42’ LWtoHW 15.2 25.1 Coarse sand, rocks bay C16 Aug.3 _ Lacdes Sept Iles 48°21’ 64°48’ <3ft 18.8 FW Stones R. des Sept-lles, AS 2ay “eArAy" FW Y2 mile below lake C17 Aug.3 Ste-Adelaide-de-Pabos 48°21’ 64°37’ HW _ _ Sand and pebble beach C18 Aug.6 _ Petit Pabos estuary 48°22' 64°35’ HW - _ Sand beach C19 July 30 Bog Pond, 4 miles 48°25' 64°32’ <5ft 22.8 _ Bog margin, woody NW of Grande-Riviére detritus, grass roots C20 July 30 Grande R., 1 mile 48°24! 64°21’ 1 ft 17.8 Fresh Stones above mouth C24 Aug.5 Anse-du-Cap-d’Espoir 48°25’ 64°19’ HW — — Sand beach G1 July9 1 mile W of Ste-Flavie 48°36’ 68°15.5' LWtoMW 14.5 27.5 Boulders G2 Aug.17 R.Mitis 48°37.5' 68°08’ 1-2 ft 17.6 Fresh Stones, rapids G3 Aug.18 Baie du Petit Mitis 48°41' 68°02’ LYN ton OlisrSn 827-7 Sandstone, slate and mud flats 25 Geographical and Ecological Data Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. rE %o G4 Aug.18 R. Tartigou 48°45’ 67°47' 1 ft 16.8 Fresh Stones G6 Aug.26 Pointe au Naufrage 48°46’ 67°47' LWtoHW 10.0 27.5 Coarse sand at HW, shale and boulders G9 Aug. 24 Matane, W of wharf 48°51’ 67°32' LWto HW 9.7. «26.9 Sand with stones G11 Aug.22 R. Petite Matane 48°49’ 6727.0 ott 16.0 Fresh Pebbles G12 Aug.22 Smallstream 5miles 48°51’ Gr? 2 7.55 ot it 11.2 Fresh E of Petite-Matane G13 Aug.22 Ste-Félicité, W of 48°54! (7 2A5/e LW to HW 98 28.8 Rocks and boulders wharf G15 Aug.20 Ruisseau a la Loutre 48°56’ 67°09' MW toHW — Brackish Boulders at MW, wood- lands at HW Cascades at mouth 13.1 “= G16 Aug.23 La Lorraine Cove 48°57.5' 67°07.5' LWto HW 8:6) 276 Rocks, boulders, sand G18 Aug.19 Small tributary of R. 49°00’ 66°58’ 1 ft 11.0 Fresh Stones des Grands Méchins Woodlands _ — Under logs and leaf mould G20 Aug.21 Capucins estuary 49°02.5’' 66°51.5’ LW toHW — Brackish Tidal flats R. at mouth 16.2 Stones G21 Aug.25 Capucins Pond 49°02’ 66°53" Natt — _ Sand, mud G22 Aug.25 2milesWof Cap Chat 49°05’ 66°45.5’ Subtidal NOLS 2825 Sand, pebbles, boulders to HW G23 Aug.23 Cap Chat, estuary 49°06’ 66°41’ LW — Brackish Sand and mud flats G24 Aug.23 Pointe Ste-Anne-des- 49°07.5’ 66°33’ LWtoHW 102 274 Rocks and boulders Monts G25 Aug.23 R.Ste-Anne estuary 49°07' 66°30.5’ LWto HW — Brackish Pebbles, mud G26 Aug.16 Tributary of R. 49°00’ e6°2 1" 1 ft 10.4 Fresh Waterfalls, under Ste-Anne mosses and stones Woodlot at stream G27 Aug.16 R.Ste-Anne 48°59’ 66°19’ 1-2 ft 15.5 Fresh Rapids, under stones G29 Aug.15 Smallstream 2 miles 49°13’ 66°07’ att 11.4 Fresh Under stones and W of Marsoui pebbles G31 Aug.15 Mont-St-Pierre 49°14! 65°47' LWtoMW 124 27.2 Slate bedrock G32 Aug.14 Mont-Louis 49°14’ 65°44" HW - _ Sand, stones, shells G33 Aug.14 Lacdel’Anse AG? 1-315" 6523 74 1 ft 12.0 Fresh Fine gravel along shore Pleureuse G34 Aug.14 Riviére-la-Madeleine 49°15’ 65°19.5' LWtoHW 14.6 27.2 Sand and pebble spit G39 Aug.13 Grand Etang, harbour 49°08’ 64°44.5’ LWtoHW 12.4 Brackish Slate and stone to 27-2 G41 July 25 SE of Riviére-au- 48°59).5’ 64°23' EWAVCen NYA“ testae/ 227/57 Slate, pebbles, sand Renard G42 July 26 Anse au Griffon 48°56.5’ 64°18.5' LWtoHW 14.0 27.2 Shale, pebbles, sand G44 July 26 Jersey Cove 48°53.5’ 64°14.5’ LWtoHW 11.9 27.4 Slate, boulders July 22 R.del’Anse au Griffon 13.4 Fresh 5 miles above mouth G45 July 26 CapdesRosiers, light 48°51’ 64N127 MWtoHW 13.2 268 Shale, pebble beach G46 July 26 Cap Bon Ami Park 48°47’ 64°12’ Terrestrial — _ Under stumps and logs G47 July 25 Cape Gaspé 48°45’ 64°10’ MWtoHW 14.7 25.7 Boulders, sand 26 St. Lawrence Estuary and Gaspé Coast Sta No. G48 G50 G51 G52 G53 G54 G55 G56 G58 G59 G60 G61 G62 $2 $3 $5 S6 $8 Sg $10 S12 $13 $14 $15 S16 S17 $18 $21 $22 $23 Date July 25 July 25 July 27 July 27 July 24 July 24 July 27 July 28 July 28 Aug. 8 July 28 July 29 July 29 Sept. 9 Sept. 9 10 10 Sept. Sept. 10 11 Sept. Sept. Sept. 11 July 16 July 16 July 17 July 18 July 19 July 15 July 20 July 20 July 13 July 13 July 12 Locality Little-Gaspé Peninsula-Gaspé Bay inside Peninsula- Gaspé Gaspé Bay, 2 miles W of Peninsula-Gaspé Darmouth R., 3 miles above St-Majorique St-Majorique Gaspé Bay, N arm Gaspé Bay, S arm Gaspé Bay, sandy spit at neck Haldimand, south R. St-Jean, mouth Pointe St-Pierre Barachois St-Michel beach St-Vallier Montmagny, west Montmagny, river at St-Pierre bridge L’lslet wharf St-Jean-Port-Joli St-Roch-des-Aulnets wharf Wharf Pointe aux Orignaux Cap au Diable Pointe des Caps Pointe de la Riviere du Loup Cacouna |., W end E end R. Verte, 3 miles W of St-Modeste R. Verte, 2 miles W of St-Modeste St-Fabien, near Alcide Rock beacon Bic, Bicoques, wharf ruins Bare |., Wend Lat N Long W Depth ae Salinity Habitat 48°47.5' 64°14 LWtoHW 15.8 27.1 Pebbles, sand 48°51' 64°25’ LWtoHW 15.0 26.2 Sand beach 48°51' 64°26’ LW 246 22.9 Sandy mud flats, estuarine 48°52’ 64°28’ LWtoHW 20.4 Gis Sand, mud flats, sand and pebble beach 48°54' 64°37' 1 ft 19.8 Fresh Pebbles, gravel 48°53' 64°33: 5/ LW 20.5 74 Sandy estuary 48°52’ 64 si2- MWtoHW 20.3 24.9 Sand spit 48°49’ 64°31’ LW 19.4 21.1 Estuary, pebble beach, eelgrass 48°49’ 64°24' MW toHW 18.6 26.0 Fine sand 48°46.5’ 64°25.5' HW = — Sand bar 48°46’ 64.225" Vit 20.0 Fresh Pebbles, gravel 48°38’ 64m” LWtoHW 14.8 27.0 Sand beach Omori oven a 7/! MWtoHW 16.1 26.0 Rocks, sand 46°52.5’ 70°54.5' MW -- — Shale, pebbles, sand 46°54’ 70°49.5' LWtoHW = 18.7 0.3 Slate, pebbles, sand, bedrock AG? 58.5.) /O° S85. aw to AW 220.5 0.8 Slate and silt, bedrock 46°59! AOC 33-52 elt 17.8. Fresh Silt, stones AT AOS. FOC 22°52 AW to FINN! Sl7.-S 1.9 Slate bedrock, silt A 13 70°16.5' LWtoHW 158 4.9 Slate bedrock, mud, sand AT 19" 70° 10:57 LW 15.0 8.3 Mud, bedrock pools col foctat |S 7102 110s EW 24.0 8.3 Boulders, mud 47°29' 70°01.5' EWto AW 12:8 19.7 Boulders, sand, mud ASD. 69°56’ LWtoHW 19.8 19.2 Rocks, boulders, sand, mud 47°43.5' 69°40.5' LWtoHW 25.0 208 Boulders, stones, mud ANTES INO}! 69°34’ LWtoHW 15.0 22.6 Slate, boulders, mud ANT polo Sys oyiment OKs) reo lhe LWtoMW 10.4 244 Boulders A iy: 69°30’ MW to HW = — Sand flats, beach AT? ST" 69°26’ 1 ft 20.8 Fresh Stones, gravel 47°51' 69°25’ 1 ft 15.2 Fresh Under stones AS" 185") 68754" LW to HW 97. 262 Coarse sand, rocks, boulders ASDA OG 4 Geoe EVA ton) OO) 25721 Boulders AS 26.5) (682355) EWitoHW i408) 26:2 Rocks, mud flats 27 Geographical and Ecological Data Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. AE %o $24 July 10 Rimouski R., 13 48°23’ Ga So" 1 ft 19.1. Fresh miles above Rimouski $25 July 11° Branch of Rimouski 438°27.5' 68°24.5' «1 ft 17.0 Fresh R., 3 miles SE of Rimouski S26 July8 Smallstream 2 miles 48°27.5' 68°27’ iit 20.0 Fresh Stones, rapids SE of Rimouski $27 July8 Pointe-au-Pére,W side 48°31’ 68°28’ LW to HW 7.8 28.0 Rocks, boulders July 11 Eside LWtoHW 13.2 24.1 Rocks, boulders $28 July8 2 miles E of 28 Sib. MOS 247" LW 13tO} 27-0 Sand beach Pointe-au-Pére July 9 LW to HW — — Rocks, boulders $29 July 10 4miles E of 48°32’ 68°26' LWtoHW 10.9 — Boulders, mud, Fucus Pointe-au-Pére $30 July 12 Stream at Ste-Luce 48°33’ 68°24’ 1 ft 27.5 Fresh Mud Tourist Bureau $31 July 12 Stream 3 miles 48°31’ 68°22! 1 ft 10.5 Fresh W of St-Donat $32 July9 Stream 2 miles 48°29’ 68°19’ 1 ft 12.5 Fresh Stones NW of St-Marcellin S33 July 10 Ste-Luce, west 48° 33' 68°23.5' MW 10:9 25:9 Rocks, boulders S34 July 7 Rimouski, estuary 48°26.5’ 68°32.5' LWtoHW 16.5 13.9 Muddy sand, kelp, fucoids N3 Sept.8 Cap Tourmente 47°05’ 70°48! LWtoHW 19.2 2a3 Rocks, mud flats N4 Sept.8 Baie St-Paul, 47°25! TO 2925 LW to VN) 10:3) 20" Muddy sand flats outer bay, S side Fucus N5 Sept.6 Small tributary 47° 28' 70° 34’ 1 ft 10.7. Fresh Stones, wood of R. Baie-St-Paul N6 Sept.6 Baie St-Paul, W of 47°25.5' 70°29.5' HW — — Sand beach wharf N7 Sept.6 St-Joseph-de-la-Rive 47°27' HOw 22. LWtoHW 11.9 17.3 Boulders, muddy sand N8 Sept. 7 Pointe au Pic 47°37.5' 70°08.5' LWto HW 7.5) =25.0 Boulders, pebbles, sand flats N10 Sept.5 Port au Saumon 47°45! 69°57' LWtoHW 11.3 19.2 Mud, sand, pebbles wharf N11 Sept.5 St-Simeon, beach 47°50.5' 69°52.5' LW to HW 9.1 22.1 Rocks E of wharf HW. Sandy beach N12 Sept.4 R.dela Baie des AP By" 69°49' dott 15.2. Brackish Boulders, mud Rochers to fresh N13 Sept.4 Petit Lac Louis 48°02’ 69°49’ >1 ft 18.8 Fresh Sand, wood chips N14 Sept.4 Baie Ste-Catherine AYO )7/4 69°43’ LWtoHW 104 20.3 Coarse sand, rock N16 Sept.3 Baie du Moulin 48°09’ 69°39.5' LWto HW 8.3 24.9 Sand, sand flats a Baude N17 Sept.2 Pointe a John AS 3.5. 169-33: EVV ETON SOP 297 Sandy, gravelly mud N18 Sept.2 Les Escoumains, AS? 24! 69°24’ LW to HW 96 —_ Stones, sandy mud estuary N19 Sept.1 Tlets Penchés AS°24'5" 69°19’ ~“ LWtoHW 12.6 26:1 Clay mud over sand, flats N21 Sept.1 Pointe de Mille- A8°34.5' 69°08" MW, HW 104 28.3 Sand beach 28 Vaches St. Lawrence Estuary and Gaspé Coast Sta Date Locality Lat N LongW Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. “Cc %o N22 Aug.31 Portneuf 48°38.5’ 69°05.5’ LWtoHW _ - Sand flats N23 Aug.31 Forestville wharf, 48°44.5' 69°03' LWtoHW 84 27.6 Sand beach and at Rocky Point breakwater N24 Aug.31 Small stream W of 48°45.5’ 69°04’ 1ft 12.6 Fresh Falls and rapids Baie Laval N26 Aug. 30 Tlets Jérémie 48°53’ 68°47.5' LWtoHW _ ~ Sand beach, mud N27 Aug. 30 Bersimis 48°56’ 68°39’ HW _ - Sand beach N29 Aug.28 Outardes estuary, 49°03.5' 68°33.5' MW — Brackish Mud Rageneau wharf N31 Aug.28 Chutesaux Outardes 49°08’ 66°29" Tt — Fresh Sand, mud N33 Aug.28 Pointe aux Outardes 49°02.5' 68°26’ LWtoHW 11.2 26.0 Sand, muddy sand flats N34 Aug. 29 Pointe LeBel 49°10’ 68°12’ - LWtoHW. 183° "456 Sand beach, flats N35 Aug. 29 Oldmill, 49°11’ 68°14.5’' LW toHW — Brackish Rocks, mud flats Manicouagan N37 Aug.27 Baie Comeau, 49°15’ 68°08.5' LW toHW 9.7..27.0 Boulders, sand cove N of wharf 29 Geographical and Ecological Data Table 3. St. Lawrence Estuary (1969) Key to station locality on Map 1A: L - lower estuary, Gulf of St. Lawrence Sta Date Locality No. L1 July 30 Pointe a John, NE of wharf L2 July 30 Les Escoumains, NW of Harbour I. L3 July 30 Forestville beach, inside wharf L4 July 31 Forestville, shore and breakwater L5 July 31 Forestville, outer flats at mouth of river L6 Aug. 1 Baie de la Boule, near Hall Point ETE Aug. 1 _~ Pointe de Moisie, mouth of R. Moisie L8 Aug.2_ Port-Cartier, at Dreyfus terminal LQ Aug.2 ___~ Port-Cartier-Ouest L10 Aug.2 R.Brochu L11 Aug.3 Pointe aux Basques L12 Aug.4__ Ile Grosse Boule, at north end L13 Aug.4 ile Grande Basque, NE bay L14 Aug.5 Lacdes Rapides L15 Aug.6 Amory Cove, near mouth of R. Matamec L16 Aug.7 Baie des Homards (R. Pentecdte N.) L17 Aug.7__ Ilets Caribou L18 Aug.7 Pointe des Monts L19 Aug.8 Off Papinachois 30 Lat N Long W Depth Temp. Salinity a @ %o 480 1o.5, GO So: LW, HW TSE 24-2 AS o2i 69°24’ LW — Brackish 48° 44.5’ 69°03’ HW. — Brackish 48°44.5’' 69°03’ LW, HW = = 48°44’ 69°03.5’ LW 14.5 Nearly fresh to brackish 50° 12.5’ 66°14.5' LWtoHW 14:8 274 5OST1.5, 66704 LW, HW. 20.5 Brackish 50°02’ 66°46’ LW. = — 50°01’ 66°53’ LW, HW 15.6 19.5 50°06.5’ 66°42’ HW = = BO ade 66°22’ LW, HW 14.5 = 50°09.5' 66°17.5' LW, HW 18) e270) 5OC 1055" 66222’ LW to MW 14.5 = 5O eds: 66°25’ Shore to 20.2 Fresh 2 ft 8.0 Spring 50°18’ 65°57' LWtoHW 15.0 24.5 49°49’ 67°08’ HW 16.0 High, brackish 49°30’ 7a MW, HW Warm Brackish 49°19’ 67223) LWtoHW 15.5 27.1 49°00’ 68°38’ Naturalist dredge High, 2-145 ft 13.5 brackish 15-16 ft — — le=2Oitt = — Habitat Coarse sand, silt, pebbles, fucoids, Laminaria, pools in igneous bedrock Mud, sand Coarse to medium black sand Sand, fucoids, igneous bedrock pools Coarse to medium sand, river detritus Medium to coarse wave-exposed sand Very coarse sand, HW debris Oil-polluted muddy tidal flats over bedrock Igneous bedrock pools, boulders, sand, Fucus, Cladophora Steep wave-exposed sand beach Coarse-to-medium- sand beach, HW debris Sand, boulders, fucoids, Corallina on bedrock, HW debris Coarse sand, fucoids, bedrock Clear acidic water, fine-sand bottom Tidal lagoon, fucoids, sand beach, igneous bedrock pools Sand, fucoids, Entero- morpha, pools in igneous bedrock River bed, coarse sand, boulders, Fucus, HW debris Igneous bedrock, boul- ders, gravel, sand, Fucus Sand Muddy sand, kelp Clay, clay sand St. Lawrence Estuary Sta Date Locality No. L20 Aug.9 Lac Cinq Cents L21 Aug.11 Cap Colombier, E end of Baie du Plongeur L22 Aug.11 Cap Colombier, E bay L23 Aug.12 Franquelin L24 Aug.12 ° Mistassini estuary L25 Aug.13 Cap 4al’Orignal Lat N 49°17' 48°49.5' 48°49.5' 49°17’ 49°17" 48°22' Long W 68°07’ 68°53’ 68°51.5’ 67°54’ 67°57" 68°47.5' Depth Shore to 2 tt LW Naturalist dredge TS tt 20 ft 25 ft LW to subtidal HW LW to HW Temp _ Salinity a 22.0 10.6 12.2 %o Fresh Brackish Habitat Stones, logs, dead leaves Mud and boulder flats, silty sand, fucoids Sand, filamentous algae Sand Sand, stones Sand flats, boulders, Fucus, kelp, wood chips Sand, gravel, HW-drift debris Slate bedrock, stones, silt, kelp, fucoids | Geographical and Ecological Data OF ST. LAW RENC E a S31 S25 $32 S24y Map 1B Collection stations in the southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence 32 Southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence Table 4. Southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence (1960) Key to station localities on Map 1B: S - Nova Scotia; P - Prince Edward Island; M - Magdalen Islands; B - New Brunswick Sta No. $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 S6 $7 S8 s9 $10 $11 $12 $13 $14 $15 $16 $17 $18 $19 $20 $21 $22 Date June 16 June 16 June 17 June 20 June 20 June 21 June 21 June 22 June 22 June 22 June 23 June 23 June 23 June 24 June 24 June 26 June 26 June 26 June 27 June 28 June 28 June 28 Locality Port Howe Pugwash, below bridge Wallace E shore Antigonish Harbour, at Chisholm Farm Dunn Beach, outer shore Monks Head, outer shore Pomquet Harbour, western pond Bayfield, wharf Bayfield, beach Pomquet Harbour, channel mouth Mahoney Beach, inner shore Antigonish Harbour, 2 miles below Antigonish Chisholm Cove South R. estuary, opposite Chisholm Cove Cape Susan Cove, at shore road Nyanza, Bras d‘Or Lake St. Patricks Channel, South Bay Red Point, near Jamesville Merigomish Harbour, Y% mile E of Merigo- mish Big |., at Merigomish Harbour entrance Big |., inside entrance hook Merigomish Harbour, N side near head Lat N 45°51! 45°51! 45°49! 45°38 45°41! 45°39! 45° 38.5’ 45° 38.5’ 45°39’ 45°38’ 45°42’ 45°38’ 45°38’ 45°38’ 45°57.5' 46°05.5' 45°59.5' 45°56’ 45°38.5' 45°39! 45°38’ 45° 40.5’ Long W 63°45’ 63° 40' 63° 28' 61°54’ 61°53’ 61°49.5' 61°50.5’ 61°45.5' 61°45.5' 61°47.5' 61°54.5' 61°57.5' 61°55" 61°54.5' 61°32’ 60°53" 60°59’ 60°52’ 62°24.5' 62°28’ 62°27" 62° 2" Depth LW LW MW LW LW to HW LW to HW LW LW LW LW to HW LW LW 7 it Ekman grab LW shore 5-6 ft Dredge LW LW MW LW to HW LW LW LW to HW LW Temp sa 19.0 17.0 13.5 18.8 20.3 18.8 18.6 18.4 22.5 Salinity %o Brackish 27.6 29.5 Low, brackish 29.1 274 Habitat Tidal flats Coarse sand, Spartina flats Mud and eelgrass flats Mud and eelgrass flats Coarse sand, gravel, pebbles Muddy sand, stones, pebbles, Fucus, Chorda Fine muddy sand, Chorda, eelgrass, filamentous algae Stones, hard-packed sand Hard-packed sand flats Sand, pebbles, eelgrass Coarse sand, gravel, eelgrass Spartina flats, pebbles, mud Black muck, eelgrass Black muck, shells, eelgrass Mud and eelgrass flats Gravel, dead eelgrass, Enteromorpha Sand and eelgrass beach Sand and gravel spit, mud, shells Mud, muddy sand, stones, eelgrass, pilings Sand, stones, fucoids, Chorda Spartina flats, muddy sand Loose sand, eelgrass 33 Geographical and Ecological Data Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. 2C %o $23 June 29 Merigomish Harbour, 45°39’ 62°24.5' 10-25 ft - _ Black muck and channel, Masa’s Beach eelgrass $24 June 29 Abercrombie North, A5° 35.5" )62° 42% iW — — Muddy sand and stones East River $25 June 29 Seabreeze Point, 45°39’ 62°42.5' LW we iltshen Arsits! Sandy mud, stones, opposite Pictou eelgrass, Chorda S26 June 29 Pictou Landing Cove 45°40’ 62°38' LWtoMW 21.5 — Mud, stones, Spartina $27 July5 Wallace Harbour, 45°49.5’ 63°29' LWtoHW 240 27.5 Mud, gravel, stones, at bridge eelgrass $28 July 5 Smith Point, near 45°51’ 63°24’ LW — — Sand flats, shells, Oak |. eelgrass $29 July6 PortPhilip,atbridge 45°51’ 63°44" LW 19.6 22.8 Mud, stones, eelgrass $30 July6 Pugwash Harbour, 45°51’ 63°40’ LW 20.3 _ Mud, stones, eelgrass at bridge $31 July 7 River John, % mile 45°45’ 63°04’ LW,HW 22.3 Variable Mud, stones, eelgrass below bridge $32 July 7 Murray Beach 45°46’ 63°07’ LW,HW — -— Sand flats $33 July 7 Barachois Harbour, 45°44’ 63217201 W -- _ Mud flats, eelgrass at bridge $34 July 7 Bayhead, beach at 45°45’ 63°22") CRW, AY 23.8) 42008 Muddy sand, eelgrass mouth of Millard Creek $35 July8 Wallace Harbour, mid- 45°49’ 63528) 15-33 ft _ — Mud, sand, shells, dead channel, off wharf Ekman grab eelgrass $36 July8 Northport 45°56’ 63252 LW Papilsy | PAS), Sand, sandy mud, eelgrass $37 Aug.22 Ottawa House Beach, 45°22’ 64°20' HW - — Steep, coarse, gravelly, near Parrsboro sand and shingle beach Pal July9 = Hillsborough Bay,at 46°14’ 63°07' LW 18.6 29.2 Mud, clay, silt, eelgrass, Charlottetown RR shells bridge P2 July 10 Keppoch Beach AGo 2. 63072 TLV OZR OM Fine sand, stones, Fucus, Chorda P3 July 11 Yorke estuary, at 46°16’ 63°00" LV 20.4 6) Clay, mud, stones, causeway Enteromorpha P4 July 11 Rocky Point,atferry 46°13’ 63°09"... LW 125. .29:5 Sandy mud, stones, wharf eelgrass P5 July 12 Blooming Point, A6°23.5’ 62°59" LWtoMW 22.6 29.5 Sand, sandy mud, Tracadie Bay eelgrass, Ruppia P6 July 13 Tracadie Harbour, 46°25’ 63°03" LW 21.0 28:6 Sand, dead eelgrass at mouth P7 July 13 Charlottetown Har- 46°13.5’ 63°09.5" LW Z1:0 _ Sandy mud, eelgrass bour, Yorke estuary mouth P8 July 14 Yorke estuary, off 46°15’ 63°09’ 1-3 ft — — Mud, dead eelgrass, Charlottetown Oyster tong shells hauls P9 July 14 Yorke estuary, mid- 46°14! 63°10’ 30-40 ft _ Black muck, dead channel Ekman grab eelgrass 34 Southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth emp Salinity Habitat No. i %o P10 July 15 Stanley Bridge, at 46°28’ 63°27.5' HW _ _ Sand, dead eelgrass, landing stage under logs P11 July 16 New London Bay, 46°30’ 63°28’ 10-15 ft 22.0 — Mud, muddy sand mid-channel Dredge P12 July 16 NewLondon Bay, 46°29'6"" 63°26.5' 6-7 i — — Sandstone, eelgrass, E side Dredge fucoids, Chondrus P13 July 16 NewLondon Bay, 46°28’ 63°28’ 12-14 ft _— _ Fine black mud Y2 mile above bridge Ekman grab P14 July 17 Rustico Harbour, 46°27.5' 63°17:5' Get 19.8 ~ Sandy mud, shells channel off Rustico Ekman grab P15 July 17 Rustico Bay, off 46°27’ es° 16’ 5-8 ft — ~ Sandy mud, dead Little Harbour wharf Ekman grab eelgrass P16 July 17 North Rustico, channel 46°27.5’ 63°18’ 3-4ft — -- Mud, chord grass, below wharf Oyster tong eelgrass hauls P17 July 18 Linkletter Shore, 46°24’ 63°51' MWto HW — = Mud, sand, sandstone Bedeque Bay bedrock P18 July 18 ETignish Run,outer 46°57’ 63°59' HW —- oa Sand, shells beach P19 July 18 Tignish Run, near 46°57' e4°O01" . 13 25.5 N20 Sandy gravel, eelgrass head, at bridge P20 July21_ Bideford estuary,near 46°37’ 63°55’ = 10-14 ft 20.8 — Fine mud, shells, dead Biological Station Ekman grab eelgrass P21 July 22 Indian Spit, Lennox!. 46°36’ 63°51’ 30-36) _ — Sandy mud, detritus Ekman grab P22 July22 Malpeque Bay, mouth 46°35’ 63°48" ~.25 it —_ — Fine mud, dead of Bideford Bay Ekman grab eelgrass P23 July 22 Curtain I., off 46°32’ 63°47.5' 8ft _ _ Sandstone, algae N W point Dredge P24 July 22 Malpeque Bay, 46°31' 63°46’ 15 ft -— — Sand, oyster shells Little Rock oyster bed Dredge P25 July 24 Lower Montague, 46°10’ B2°S2° HV 20.0 -- Sandstone, sand below lighthouse P26 July 24 Panmurel., N end 46°08.5' 62°28' LW. 20:2) 28.7 Sandstone, sand, of isthmus filamentous algae P27 July25 Murray Harbour N, 46°03’ 62°28) LW to HW — — Sand, clay mud, gravel, inside breakwater debris P28 July 25 Murray Harbour 46°03’ 62°30’ LWtoHW _ _ Sand, dead eelgrass mouth, inner side of spit P29 July 25 Lower Murray Har- 46°01’ 62°30’. EW 204 29.0 Muddy sand, sand, bour, above wharf eelgrass P30 July25 Woodl., ferry terminal 45°57’ 62°45' MW toHW -~ a Salicornia and Spartina flats P31 July 26 Pinette Harbour, 46°04’ 62°54’ LW 19.5 — Muddy sand, eelgrass at hwy bridge P32 July 26 Orwell Cove, atwharf 46°09’ 62°53' MW 20.0 28.6 Sand, shells, Spartina, Fucus P33 July 26 Morell wharf, 46° 26' 62°42' LW 215 — Sand, eelgrass St. Peters Bay oH) Geographical and Ecological Data Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. nC %o P34 July 26 Annandale wharf 46° 15.5’ 62°25" . EW 20.9 _ Sand, eelgrass, Fucus P35 July 27 Georgetown Harbour, 46°10.5’ 62°32.5' 30-35 ft — _ Sand, mud at channel buoy Ekman grab P36 July27 Brudenell estuary, 46°12’ 62°S5.5" 7-10 ff _ = Muddy sand, dead opposite Provincial Ekman grab eelgrass Park P37 July 27 Shaw Point, 46°11’ 62°33" GS ft _ _ Sandstone, algae Georgetown Harbour Dredge P38 July 27 Montague estuary, AG Ol.) 462 -SS35" Sift — — Sand, dead eelgrass inside Shaw Point Oyster tongs P39 July 27 Victoria, at wharf 46°13" 63°29.5' MWtoHW 20.0 _ Sand flats, sandstone, rocks P40 July 28 Conway Narrows, 46°44’ 64°00° MW — _— Sand, eelgrass, shells Cascumpeque Bay P41 July 28 Conway Narrows, 46°44’ 63°59’ Ya-2 ft _ — Sand, eelgrass, shells shoal opposite large Ekman grab house P42 July 28 Conway Narrows, 46°43’ 63°58’ fas ht = = Sand, eelgrass at Flat |. Ekman grab P43 July 29 Bideford estuary, at 46°37' 63°55’ 10-12 ft 21.0 — Soft ooze Biological Station Ekman grab M1 Aug. 15 House Harbour, 47° 26' 61°50' MWto HW a _ Fine sand Dune-du-Nord M2a Aug.15 House Harbour, 47°24.5' 61°52’ 10 ft 20.0 _ Mud, dead eelgrass channel off Ekman grab Le Grand Ruisseau M2b Aug.15 House Harbour,atLe 47°25’ 61°52’ Surface 1 ft = — Mud, eelgrass Grand Ruisseau Oyster tongs wharf M3 Aug. 15 Pond, N side of 47°21' 61°53.5’ LW — _— Soft mud, eelgrass, Pleasant Bay fucoids M4 Aug.16 House Harbour,Eside 47°24.5’ 61°51’ 10-15 ft _ — Sandy mud, shells channel Dredge M5 Aug.16 House Harbour, N 47°26’ 61°47.5’ 6-10 ft _ — Sandy mud, dead channel Ekman grab eelgrass M6 July 16 Alright Channel, 47° 28' 61°46.5' LW — = Sand, stones, eelgrass at causeway M7 July 16 Oyster Pond,NEend, 47°33.5' 61°32’ HW _ _ Fine sand, shells, inside barrier beach eelgrass M8 July 16 Grand Etang Harbour, 47°34.5’ 61°29 MW _ — Sandstone, eelgrass at Old Harry wharf M9 July 16 Grosse Tle, nearLeslie 47°37.5' 61°31.5' HW _ — Sand at outlet of stream M10 July 16 Wolf l.,N end a7" 32° 61°43’ HW — — Sand dunes, shells M11 July 16 South Beach, near 47°24!’ 61°45’ HW — -- Fine sand, shells wharf M12 July 16 Etang-du-Nord, at ss fe ag 61°57'5" HW — -- Fine-sand beach, wharf Chondrus debris M13 July 16 Basques Harbour, 47°20. 5' “61° 56"" HY — _ Sand, shells 36 N entrance Southwestern Gulf of St. Lawrence Sta No. B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 B13 B14 B15 B16 B17 B18 B19 B20 B21 B22 B23 Date Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Locality Cocagne |., near Cormierville, inner shore Richibucto Harbour, channel off Fagan Point Richibucto Harbour, channel below NW arm Richibucto Harbour, inside North Beach Richibucto Harbour, off Jardine Beach Richibucto, estuary at Rexton Bridge Tabusintac Lagoon, Stymas Cove Tabusintac I., inside channel Wishart Point, channel off wharf, Tabusintac Lagoon Brantville wharf Tracadie Lagoon, channel below Tracadie Tracadie Lagoon, N channel Tracadie Lagoon, old wharf Tracadie outer beach, at causeway Little Pokemouche Lagoon, near mouth St-Simon Inlet, North Branch channel St-Simon-Nord, channel above church St-Simon-Sud, opposite Biological Station Miscou Harbour, near Portage Bay Pokemouche Lagoon, S side Neguac wharf Parlee Beach, Shediac Bay Lat N 46°24’ 46°41.5' 46°42’ 46°43’ 46°40’ 46°39’ 47°18! 47°17.5' 47°20' 47°22' 47°31' 47°33’ 47°32! 47°30’ 47°41.5' 47°45’ 47°45’ 47°44! 47°52" 47°38.5' 47°14.5' 46°14’ Long W 64°36’ 64°52’ 64°51! 64°49’ 64°52’ 64°52.5' 64°57 5’ 64°57’ 64°57' 64°56.5' 64°54’ 64° 53’ 64°54’ 64°52’ 64°44’ 64°49’ 64°51.5' 64°47’ 64°33’ 64°49’ 65°05" 64°30’ Depth Temp MW 25.9 25 ft — Ekman grab 30 ft _ Ekman grab 1-4 ft — Ekman grab 12-20 ft — Ekman grab 55-60 ft = Ekman grab 10-12 ft Oyster rake 18.9 6-10 ft _ Oyster rake 12-30 ft _ Ekman grab LW 23.0 20 ft = Ekman grab 1-6 ft — Oyster rake LW HW _ LW 22.0 10-25 ft 19.2 Ekman grab 4-6 ft _ Oyster tongs 9-14 ft a Ekman grab LW, HW 21.0 LW _ LW 18.9 HW - Salinity %o 26.4 27.5 28.3 Variable 26.6 274 Habitat Mud, coarse sand, eelgrass Sand, shells Sand, stones, shells Sand flats, eelgrass Sandy mud, mud, dead shells Woodchips, mud Sand, peat, shells, eelgrass Sand, eelgrass Clay mud, sand, shells Soft sandstone, mud, eelgrass, fucoids Sand Sand, mud, shells, eelgrass Muddy sand, shells, eelgrass Sand, shells Sand, eelgrass, mussel beds Sandy mud, shells Eelgrass, oyster beds Sandy mud, stones, shells, sponges Sandy mud, sandstone, shells, eelgrass Peat, sand Mud, muddy sand, stones, eelgrass Sand 37 Geographical and Ecological Data Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. 2C %o B24 Aug.7 Bourgeois Office 46°19’ 64°31' LWtoHW — _ Sand flats, sandstone blocks, eelgrass B25 Aug.7 Grande-Digue, at 46°.17.5' 64°33". UW. 27.9 - 282 Mud, muddy sand, wharf eelgrass B26 Aug.14 Shediac Harbour, 46°14’ 64°32.5' 10 Tt _ _ Mud, eelgrass channel off wharf Oyster tongs B27 Aug.14 Shediac Harbour, off 46°15.5’ 64°33’ 6-10ft _ — Shells, sandy mud, Indian |. Oyster tongs eelgrass B28 Aug.14 Shediac Harbour, 46° 15’ 64°32" AZ Tt ZA28) 262 Sand, shells channel opposite Ekman grab Pointe du Chéne B29 Aug.22 Buctouche Harbour, 46°30’ 64°41’ LW 24.0 — Muddy sand, eelgrass mouth of Little Buctouche River B30 Aug.23 Richibucto Bay, at 46°46’ 64°55’ HW PANES -- Sandy mud, eelgrass St-Oliver B31 Aug. 23 Richibucto Bay, 46°47.5' 64°54.5' MW 215 — Sand, eelgrass Callander Beach B32 Aug.23 South Kouchibouguac, 46°51’ 64°57' =LW 21/6 = Eelgrass, sandstone estuary at mouth 38 Atlantic Coast of Eastern Nova Scotia Table 5. Atlantic Coast of Eastern Nova Scotia (1962) Key to station locality on Map 1C: A - outer coast of eastern Nova Scotia, and Cape Breton Island Sta No. Al A2 A3 A4 AS A6 A7 A8 AQ A10 Atl A112 A13 Al4 A15 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20 A21 A22 A23 A24 Date July 4 July 4 July 5 July 6 July 6 July 6 July 6 July 9 July 10 July 11 July 11 July 12 July 12 July 13 July 13 July 13 July 17 July 18 July 18 July 18 July 19 July 19 July 19 July 20 Locality Upper Oyster Pond Lat N 44°42’ Pleasant Point, E beach 44°41’ Clam Harbour beach Ostrea Lake, Musquodoboit Harbour Ostrea Lake, at mouth of Frost Brook Oyster Pond, above bridge Lake Charlotte Beach opposite Conrod |. Meisner Head, outer beach Martinique Beach Little Harbour Clam Harbour beach Clam Harbour, at head West Chezzetcook Chezzetcook Inlet, at Dyke Rd. bridge Chezzetcook Inlet, opposite Conrod I. Lingan Harbour, Cape Breton I., at mouth of estuary Point Michaud Beach, NE end Point Michaud lagoon, at outflow Grand R. estuary, 1% miles above mouth L’Ardoise Beach, bay Bourgeois Inlet, E arm False Bay, near head Lennox Passage, at Grandique Point 44°43.5' 44° 43' 44°43’ 44°41.5' 44°47.5' 44°41.5' 44°40.5' 44°41.5' 44°42.5' 44°43’ 44°44! 44°42' 44°41.5' 44°41.5' 46°14’ 45°34! 45°34’ 45°37’ 45°36’ 45°38’ 45°38’ 45°35.5’ Long W 63°04’ 63°04’ 62°52’ 63°04’ 63°04.5' 63°03 .5! 62°57.5" 63°13" 63° 12.5" 63°09’ 62°51" 62°52’ 62°50" 63° 15.5" 63°15" 63°14.5' 60°02’ 60°40’ 60°41 60°39’ 60°45.5' 60°57’ 60°56.5' 61° OT’ Depth LW to HW HW. HW LW LW to MW LW to HW c.15.0 Terrestrial MW to HW LW LW to HW MW LW to HW MW to HW LW to HW LW LW LW LW to HW LW to HW LW to MW LW to HW LW to HW LW LW 15.9 18.9 t32 15.4 13.2 Salinity %o Brackish Brackish Low, brackish Brackish 17.5 29.0 Low, brackish 25.3 27.9 28.4 Habitat Tidal pond at LW level Sand, rocks, seepage Surf-exposed fine sand Mud and eelgrass flats, Fucus, boulders Acid fresh water, boulders, fucoids Boulders, shells, filamentous algae, fucoids, HW debris Mixed woods Sand, gravel, salt- marsh flats, HW debris Boulders, gravel, sand, Fucus Boulders, fine sand, HW rock pools Sandy mud, stones Surf-exposed fine sand, igneous bedrock, HW pools Muddy sand and eelgrass estuary, acid fresh water Salt marsh, HW debris Salt-marsh flats, eelgrass, mud, stones Sandy mud, eelgrass Surf, sand, stones, detritus, eelgrass, Chorda Metamorphic rock, flat sand, fucoids Sand, fine gravel Eelgrass, mud Sand and mud flats, eelgrass, filamentous algae on stones Sandstone, mud, eelgrass, fucoids, stones at HW level Mud and eelgrass flats Sandstone, sandy mud, eelgrass, Chorda 39 Geographical and Ecological Data 63° Northumberland BRETON ISLAND Strait Cape AT IL ASN Tole OCEAN Breton Island Map 1C Collection stations on the Atlantic coast of eastern Nova Scotia Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. 2G %o A25 July 20 Bourgeois Inlet, at 45°38’ 60°57.5' 28 ft _ — Mud, sandy mud, forks Ekman grab eelgrass A26 July 20 Bourgeois Inlet, 45°37" GO°S7’ 20ft _ _ Stones, algae inside mouth Ekman grab A27 July 20 Bourgeois Inlet, 45°38’ 60°58.5' 12-20 ft 7 - Soft black mud W arm channel Ekman grab A28 July 20 Petit-de-Grat,bridge 45°30.5’' 60°59' MW _ — Cold-water channel, mud flats A29 July 20 Sampson Cove, Isle 45°29.5'’ 60°55.5' MW toHW — — Surf-exposed break- Madame water and rock pools A30 July 20 Pondville Beach,Bay 45°32’ 60°58.5' LWtoHW 14.1 29.7 Bedrock, stones, sand, of Rocks fucoids, Lithothamnion A31 July 21 Haddock Harbour A5"'33’ 61°07", LW 14.2 298 Sandstone, Fucus, soft mud, eelgrass A32 July 21 Port Royal Harbour, Ag? 32" 61°05’ LW 14.5 _ Tidal flats, mud, at bridge eelgrass, Mytilus beds, shells A33 July 21. Inhabitants Harbour, 45°35’ 61°16' MWto HW _ _ Gravel and sand at at Port Richmond stream mouth A34 July 21 Inhabitants R., at ro es I dl 61°14’ LW 15.0 oF Mud, eelgrass, Mytilus Ferry Road beds, sandstone blocks, wharf pilings A35 July 22 Guysborough Harbour, 44°27’ 61°32" TW 13:9 25:8 Muddy sand, eelgrass, at Boyiston Park stones 40 Atlantic Coast of Eastern Nova Scotia Sta No. A36 A37 A38 A39 A40 A41 A42 A43 Ad. A45 A46 A47 A48 A49 A50 A54 A55 Date July 22 July 22 July 22 July 22 July 22 July 22 July 22 July 23 July 23 July 23 July 23 July 23 July 24 July 24 July 24 July 24 July 24 July 25 July 25 July 25 Locality Guysborough Harbour, at Lesterdale bridge Guysborough Harbour, at Havendale Guysborough R., at Guysborough Intervale Dorts Cove, mouth of Salmon R. Quéénsport, mouth of Rock Island R. St. Francis Harbour, at mouth Oyster Ponds, outer shore Marshall Cove, Whitehaven Harbour Denning I., Whitehaven Harbour Port Felix Glasgow Head Glasgow Harbour, NE arm Charlos Cove, W of bar Charlos Creek, at mouth Torbay Beach Weber Cove, at causeway New Harbour estuary Webb Cove, Golboro Harbour Coddles Harbour, inner bay Seal Harbour head, near West Brook Lat N 44°27.5' A5°27' 45°28’ 45°21? 45° 20’ 45°26.5' 45°27' 45°14! 45°13! 45°15! 45°19! 45°19! 45°14.5' 45°14.5' 45°12" Ao 1 AS: 45°11' 45°10’ 45°10! 45°09.5' Long W 61°32.5’ 61° 34.5’ 61°36.5' 61°28" 61°16’ 61° Ts" 61°16’ 64? 115 61°10.5' 61°14" 60°58’ 60° 58’ 51:°20' GPoe a a) 225: 61°21" 64°27 61° 38.5’ 61°.32:5' 61°35! Depth LW LW to HW MW to HW LW LW to HW LW LW LW LW to HW MW to HW HW LW LW LW LW to HW LW to HW LW to MW LW Temp Salinity 2G %o — Low, brackish 16.5 _ 15.1 — (Inner pond is fresh) 12.0 30.4 tt “= 13:1 = 17.1 29.5 135" 29.7 125 _— 1Be ~ 3:3 129 28,7 15.1 — (inner) e150 = Habitat Bridge abutments Gravel, mud flats, eelgrass, Spartina, HW debris Stones, coarse silt, filamentous algae Surf-exposed pebble and sand bar Steep gravel and sand beach, HW rock pools, fucoids Firm mud, Mytilus beds, eelgrass Stones, pebbles, coarse-sand patches Sandy mud and eelgrass flats Granite bedrock, Ascophyllum and Fucus, LW pools, HW debris Coarse-sand and granite-stone beach Surf-exposed boulders, stones, coarse sand Mud, eelgrass, shells Sandy mud, granite boulders, fucoids, eelgrass Mytilus beds, stones Exposed sand beach, sandstone and granite boulders, tide pools Sand, eelgrass, fucoids, rock, Ascophyllum Sand, shells, eelgrass Stones, eelgrass, mud, detritus, fucoids Lithothamnion, fucoids, Irish moss Eelgrass, fine mud, boulders Mud flats, eelgrass, stones, detritus, fresh- water inflow 41 Geographical and Ecological Data Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth emp Salinity Habitat No. “GC %o A56 July 25 Indian Harbour, at 45°06.5' 61°51.5' LWtoMW 21.5, Mixed Coarse, unconsolidated lake outflow over sand and stones, surf 16.5 zone A57 July 26 Baraswa Cove, 45°05’ 61°50". )LW oo ao Mud and eelgrass flats inside breakwater A58 July 26 Wine Harbour, at 45°04.5' 61°51". RW 1522 — Sandy mud, eelgrass, shore road filamentous algae, shells A59 July 26 Port Bickerton,Eside 45°06’ 61°44" LW 14.8 30.4 Sand and eelgrass flats, stones, Fucus A60 July 30 Shiers Pond 44°55’ 62°18" “iWHoHW 182 _ Mud, shells, peat, eelgrass, Spartina, bridge piers, HW debris A61 July 30 East Quoddy Pond, 44°54’ 62.1825) JEW. 18.9 29.8 Stones, shells, kelp, at inlet bridge eelgrass, mud A62 July 31 Spanish Ship Bay,at 45°01’ 62°02’ LWto HW _ o- Stones, mud, detritus, Hooper Brook eelgrass, fucoids A63 July 31 Pye Point, Liscomb 45°00/5's 62°01". . LW 13.9 « 2631 Wave-protected sand- Harbour stone gravel, sandy mud, eelgrass, fucoids, boulders A64 July 31 MarieJoseph Beach 44°58’ 62°03' MWtoHW 12.5 Steep, surf-exposed, fine-gravel and coarse- sand beach A65 July 31 BakerCove,atMarie 44°58.5' 62°04.5' MW 19.5 Brackish Eelgrass, fucoids, Joseph detritus A66 Aug.1 Jewer Cove, near 44°56' 62°11’ LWtoHW 18.0 24.7 Boulders, Ascophyl/lum, Mitchell Bay eelgrass, shells, mud, cold freshwater stream outflow A67 Aug.1 Smith Cove, at hwy 44°58’ 62°13" “EW — _ Mud and eelgrass flats bridge A68 Aug.1 Moosehead, White #4°'56.5" 62° 16" - LW 16.4, 22.4 Sand, stones, eelgrass, Island Bay over at stream mouth © 14.5 A69 Aug.2 Soberlsland,atHurd 44°51’ 62°28.5' LW 15.9 20.4 Eelgrass, detritus, Cove bridge mud, Chondrus, fucoids A7O Aug.2 Malagash Cove, at 44°51' 62°32.5" LWtoHW 18:5 25:0 Mud, eelgrass, shells, bridge stones, boulders, Chondrus, detritus A71 Aug.2 Mushaboom Harbour, 44°52’ 62°34’ LW 18.0 _ Eelgrass, detritus, at at head wharf A72 Aug.2 Spry Bay, head of 44°50’ 62235" EW 18.2 — Protected sand, rocks, Tomlee Bay eelgrass, fucoids A73 Aug.3 Psyche Cove, south 44°48’ 62°33:5" LWtoe HW. 14:8 28,2 Fine sand, pebbles, end bedrock, filamentous algae, chord grass A74 Aug.3 Mason Cove, E side 44°48' 62°42’ LW c.20.0 — Eelgrass, detritus, shells, of Tangier Harbour Chondrus A75 Aug.3 PopesHarbourW,at 44°48’ 62°40' LW 22+ Eelgrass, stone chips, 42 head mud Atlantic Coast of Eastern Nova Scotia Sta Date Locality Lat N LongW Depth emp Salinity Habitat No. °C %o A76 Aug.3 _ Popes Harbour, 44°49’ 62°38’ LW 19.0 _ Eelgrass, detritus, near mouth of First to mud, sand, at edge Lake R. 21.5 of channel A77 Aug.4 _~ Ship Harbour, at 44°48’ 62°51.5' LW 19.5 Brackish Mytilus beds, stones, Rocky Brook detritus A78 Aug.4 LowerShipHarbour, 44°48’ 62°60’ UW 16.5 — Stones, Ascophyl/lum, above Whale Island . eelgrass, detritus A79 Aug.4 Oyster Pond, head 44°47' Gao" Lw 2u0-~ Bz Eelgrass, gravel, mud, of Jeddore Harbour stones, fucoids Geographical and Ecological Data M32 M26_\\(r_ M35 M3233 M31 M30 M39. : ., M28 XX aM? S~M36 < Qo ® Map 1D Collection stations in northern New England and western Nova Scotia 44 Northern New England and Western Nova Scotia Table 6. Northern New England and Western Nova Scotia (1963) Key to station localities on Map 1D: S - western Nova Scotia; M - northern New England Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth emp Salinity Habitat No. st %o $1 July9 St.MarysBay,above 44°34’ 65°54’ LW 170° 31.5 Sandstone, muddy sand, Red Bluff fucoids, Chondrus S2 July8 Centreville, Trout 44° 33’ 66°02' MWtoHW 104 32.3 Boulders, bedrock, Cove, Digby Neck kelp, Corallina $3 July9 _— E Sandy Cove, St. 44°29! 66°05’ LW 150 eSile7, Sandy mud, fine gravel, Marys shore, Digby fucoids, Zostera Neck S4 July9 Sandy Cove, Fundy 44°30’ 66°06’ LW, HW 10.0 _ Coarse sand, bedrock shore, Digby Neck pools $5 July9 Little River Wharf, 44°27' 66°08’ HW -- = Pools, drift debris St. Marys Bay S6 July9 Whale Cove, Digby 44°26’ 66.117 HW — _ Bedrock fissures and Neck pools S7 July9 Midway Lake, Digby 44°32’ 66°03’ Shoreline 22.0 Fresh Stones, gravel, Nuphar Neck S8 July9 _~ Barton old wharf, 44°32’ 65°53’ LWtoMW 16.8 31.7 Coarse sand, mud, St. Marys Bay Zostera, Cladophora S9 July 10 Brighton Bay head, 44°33’ 65°52" “EW toMy PT FSe “SNF Mud, sandy mud, near old wharf stones, fucoids S10 July 10 Meteghan Centre 44°12' 66°09’ LW 14.5 32.4 Sand beach, stones, gravel, fucoids $11 July 11 Gilbert Point, W of 44°29' 65°58’ LWtoHW 15.6 318 Pebbles, sandy mud lighthouse $12 July 11 Upper Saulnierville, 44°17! 66°08’ LW toHW — Brackish Stones, algae in stream at stream mouth outflow $13 July 12 Grosses Cocques, at 44°22! 66°06": LW 14.3 31.4 Fine-sand flats, Zostera old harbour entrance clumps $14 July 12 Meteghan R., salt 44°13’ 66°08’ HW _ = Salt-marsh pools, mud marsh banks, drift $15 July 13 Port Maitland, at 43°59’ 66°09’ LW 14.0 — Sand beach, slate- wharf pebble foreshore S16 July 14 Cape St. Mary, at 44°05’ 67°13" HW _ — Slate bedrock and wharf igneous boulders, HW-drift debris $17 July14 Eel Pond,HwyNo.3 43°50’ 65°56" - LW. 22.0 Brackish Gravel, mud, stones, culvert fucoids, Zostera $18 July 14 Cape Fourchu, at 43°48’ 66°09’ HW — _ Bedrock spray pools, Yarmouth Light HW drift $19 July13 Salmon R., South 44°03’ 66°10’ LWtoMW 13.8 32.1 Sand, pebbles, algae Beach $20 July13 Mavillette, at road 44°06’ 66°12? HW — Brackish Salt-marsh pools, bridge debris M1 July 16 Mount Desert Nar- 44°25’ 68°22’ LW 21.6 30.4 Mud, boulders, eelgrass, rows, W of causeway, fucoids Maine M2 July2 Pond Cove beach, 44°37’ 67°30' HW = _ Sand, pebbles near Roque Bluffs M3 July2 Roque Bluffs, salt 44°37' 67°29" | LAW 17.5 Brackish Mud, stones, gravel marsh above bridge 45 Geographical and Ecological Data Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. IG %o M4 July2 _ Little KennebecBay, 44°40’ 67°26" LW. 21+ Brackish Mud, gravel, H2S 2 miles W of Larabee M5 July2 ~ Fort O’Brien Point, 44°41' 67°24’ LWto MW- — Brackish Stream mouth, mud, near Machiasport stones, fucoids M6 July3 Sandy River Beach 44°34’ 67°34’ LW 120 326 Coarse igneous sand, boulders, fucoids July 4 Sandy River Beach 44°34’ 67°34’ HW — — Sand M7 July3 Henry Point, E end 44°32’ 67°34’ LW _ — Bedrock, fucoids, debris Sawyer Cove, near Jonesport M8 July4 Little Machias Bay, 44°40’ BF 13. 6 EA 17.0 Brackish Gravel, mud, boulders mouth of Cutler Brook M9 July4 South Trescott 44° 46' 67°04’ =LW 955 323 Muddy sand, boulders, (Baillie’s Mistake) Ascophyllum M10 July4 Straight Bay, Cow 44°52' 67°08’ LW 124 31.8 Reducing mud flats, Neck, Cobscook Bay Ulva, Cladophora M11 July5 Cobscook Bay, SW 44°49’ 67°10' LWtoHW 13.4 29.6 HW debris and arm, 2 miles below bedrock, LW mud, Whiting Zostera, Ascophyllum M12 July5 Dennys estuary, at 44°56’ 67°14’ oO LW 174A 6.50 Gravel, mud, fucoids, hwy bridge, NW Zostera, debris Cobscook Bay M13 July5 Reversing Falls, 44°53' 67°08' MW 10.5 _ Bedrock, fucoids Cobscook Bay M14 July 21 Mosquito Head,near 43°56’ 69°13’... HW —_ _ Twin sand beaches Martinsville M15 July 21 Spruce Head, at 44°01’ 69°08’ HW — _ Drift debris on igneous causeway bedrock, gentle slope M16 July 21 South Thomaston,at 44°03’ 69°07’ HW _— — Fine igneous sand, town beach stones M17 July 17 Sand Beach, near 44°20’ 68°11’ HW — — Steep surf-exposed Great Head, Mount fine-sheil sand beach Desert I. M18 July 18 TheLedges,northof 44°19’ 68°11’ HW. ~ — Igneous bedrock spray Otter Cliff Point pools M19 July 17 Mill Pond, near 44°21' 68°25") “LW to HW -°22.6: S13 Mud, fucoids, stones, Prettymarsh Zostera, filamentous algae M20 July 17 Prettymarsh Pond, 44°21' 68°24’ LWtoHW 246 31.1 Mud, gravel, stones, Mount Desert I. Zostera, Enteromorpha M21 July 18 Marlboro Beach, 44° 28' 68°17’ LW Soft black muck, Raccoon Cove pebbles, Myti/us beds and Echiurus M22 July 18 Lamoine Beach 44°27' 68217" LW 16.6 31.4 Sand, muddy sand, pebbles, stones M23 July 19 Off Mount Desert I. 44°26’ 68°18' 15-60 ft _ _ Black reducing mud Biological Station, Dredge Salisbury Cove, near buoy N6 M24 July 19 Near Googin's Ledge, 44°27’ 68°18" 15-50 ft _ -— Mud, stones, sand off Lamoine Dredge 46 Northern New England and Western Nova Scotia Sta Date Locality Lat N LongW Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. *¢ %o M25 July 19 Bayside, mouth of 44°28' 68°26’ LWtoMW 244 26.2 Gravel, boulders, Union R. fucoids M26 July 21 North Cove, Tenant's 43°58’ 69°12’ LWtoMW 13.6 31.7 Bedrock, silty mud, Harbour Ulva, Chondrus M27 July 21 1mile NE PortClyde 43°56’ 69°15’ LWtoMW_ 12.0 — Sand, boulders M28 July 21 Pemaquid Beach 43°52’ 69°32' LW 17.44.3818 Bedrock, pebbles, coarse sand, Chondrus M29 July 21 Pemaquid Point 43°50’ 69°31' LWtoHW 16+ Sandstone schist bedrock, heavy surf M30 July 22 Round Pond, atwharf 43°56’ 69°27’ LWtoMW 16.2 — Silty mud, bedrock, Mytilus beds M31 July 22 Hockamock Point,S 43°58’ 69°25' LW 15.1. 31.5 Mud, gravel, shells, of Medomak, at wharf Zostera, Chondrus M32 July 22 Sylvester Pond, 43°59’ 69°25’ LWtoMW 22.3 31.4 Fine mud, stones, Greenland Cove filamentous algae M33 July 23 Damariscotta R., at 44°02’ 69°32' LWtoHW 22.0 Brackish Boulders, mud, town bridge Chondrus M34 July 23 Damariscotta Salt 44°01’ 69°32' Supratidal — Brackish Thick mud, Ruppia, Pond, 1 mile above Zostera debris, Spartina Newcastle M35 July 23 Mouth of Oyster Creek, 44°04’ 69°31' LW — Brackish Shells, mud, Ruppia, at Damariscotta Ulva, at bridge estuary abutments M36 July 23. Hendricks Point Beach, 43°49’ 69°41' LW 17.3) “34;0F Coarse sand, bedrock, Boothbay Harbour fucoids, Chondrus M37 July 24 Ocean Point, 43°49’ 69°35’ LWtoHW 15.3 Sie Surf-exposed sand- E Boothbay stones, schists, intrusives M38 July 24 Linekin Bay, at 43°52’ 69°35’ LWtoMW_ 18.2 — Gravel, chips, mud Paradise Point M39 July 24 SheepscotR.,athwy 44°03’ 69°37’ LW 25:3 C1910 Muddy sand, stones, bridge, above sill Enteromorpha, Zostera M40 July 24 Reid State Park beach 43°47’ 69°43’ LWtoHW 14.8 31.8+ Sandstone bedrock, coarse sand, surf M41 July 25 Dune Beach, Hermit!. 43°43' 69°51" =LW 16.0 30.9 Schistose bedrock, Chondrus, sand, fucoids M42 July 25 Popham Beach, at 43°45’ 69°47' MW toHW _ — Coarse to fine sand, Fort Popham igneous rock pools M43 July 26 Prouts Neck, Saco 43°32’ 70°20' LWand 195 31.4 Graded sands, stones, Bay at yacht club subtidal Zostera M44 July 26 Cape Elizabeth 43°34’ 70°12" HW 16.2 —_ Surf-exposed pools in vertically bedded schistose rocks M45 July 27 Biddeford Pool, at 43°27' 7O°2A"° LW 16:8" S2.2 Coarse sand, bedrock, South Beach fucoids, debris M46 July 27 Biddeford Pool, atGut 43°28’ 70°21' LWtoMW 19+ - Graded sands, organic entrance sands, stones, Zostera M47 July 28 Scarborough estuary, 43°34’ 70°22' LWtoHW 25+ Brackish Coarse gravel, algae, at abandoned RR bridge abutments culvert 47 Geographical and Ecological Data Sta Date Locality Lat N Long W Depth Temp Salinity Habitat No. (6: %o M48 July 28 Pine Point, at 43°33" 70°21’ LWtoMW 22+ _ Graded sands, muddy Fisherman's Dock sand, mussel shells M49 July 29 Bridge Point, Cousins |. 43°46’ 70°08’ MWtoHW 21.8 — Coarse sand, boulders, fucoids M50 July 29 Staples Point(Moore 43°48’ 70°06’ LWtoMW 22.2 _ Mud, bedrock, shells, Point), at Keeshawa to Zostera, fucoids Bay 26.9 M51 July 31 Cove E of Walker's AS 2" 70°27' LWtoMW 14.8 _ Igneous and volcanic Point, Kennebunkport bedrock, Chondrus, fucoids M52 July 31 Mousam estuary 43° 217 70°31" LWLHW 17.3 — LW graded sands, HW mouth to salt marsh 24+ M53 Aug.1 Wells Inlet,S branch 43°16’ 70°34’ =LW 24+ 31+ Mud flats, cliffs, Spartina, fucoids M54 Aug.1 Ogunquit SaltMarsh 43°16’ 70°35’ MW toHW — —_ Clean sand, Spartina, fucoids M55 Aug.1 Cape Neddick Beach, 43°12’ 70°36). = LW 18.8 Brackish Graded sand, gravel, at creek mouth mud, salt grasses M56 Aug.1 Cape Neddick, at 43°10’ 70°35’ HWWand 16.1 — Granite bedrock, spray Nubble Light supratidal pools, under drift M57 Aug.2 _ Piscataque estuary,at 43°07’ 70°50' MW to HW — Brackish Mud flats, Spartina Hwys 4 and 16 junct., N.H. M58 Aug.2 _ Piscataque estuary,at 43°08’ 7O°S2". LW 22.8 Brackish Mud, boulders, shell, mouth Bellamy R. Zostera, fucoids M59 Aug.3 Seabrook beach, at 42°53’ 70°49’ =LW 17.1 a Surf-exposed coarse Beckman’s Point to sand 19.5 M60 Aug.4 Plum!.Sound,Nside 42°42’ 70°47’ = LW Wa Shs Coarse sand of entrance, Mass. M61 Aug.4 Plum|. estuary, 42°48’ 70°48’ MW — — Coarse ripple sand, at entrance Parker R. mud, Spartina refuge M62 Aug.5_ Little Harbour,mouth 43°04’ 70°44’ LW 1 52 ee OulEe Muddy sand, boulders, of Piscataque R., N.H. fucoids, kelp M63 Aug.5 Odiornes Point, oppo- 43°03’ 70°43’ MW toHW — — Hard bedrock, stones, site Isles of Shoals pools, debris M64 Aug.5 Castle Neckestuary, 42°40’ 70°43) LW 18.1 - Fine white sand, E side of mouth, Mass. boulders M65 Aug.5 _ Essequit salt marsh, 42°39' 10 As — — Mud, Spartina, inside Wingarsheak Ascophyllum var. Beach M66 Aug.6- Rockport, town beach 42°40’ 70° S37? LWtoMW 15.4 31.7 Variable sand, boulders, bedrock, fucoids M67 Aug.6 Essequit Channel, 42737! 70°40' MWtoHW 18.6 _ Mud banks, Mytilus inside Gloucester beds, Ascophyllum var., entrance Spartina M68 Aug. 7 Magnolia Beach, A235. 70°43' LWtoMW 14.6 — Fine sand, boulders, Cape Ann stones, bedrock, fucoids 48 Northern New England and Western Nova Scotia Sta No. M69 M70 M71 M72 M73 M74 M75 M76 M77 M78 Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 10 4 12 Locality Annisquam Pond, Cape Ann Folly Bay, Cape Ann Marshfield salt pond, W of Brant Rock at hwy gates Brant Rock, trailer camp shore Duxbury Bay, at causeway to beach Warren Cove, at Beach Park Eel Creek, upper estuary, below head of tide Cape Cod Bay, S side of canal mouth East Sandwich Beach, at inlet mouth North WVeymouth, S of Boston Lat N 42°39' 42°42! 42°05’ 42°05! 42°03’ 41°56’ 41°56! 41°47! 41°45! 42°15’ Long W 70°39’ 70°37’ 70°38’ 70°37’ 70°38" 70°37" 70°37" 10°30’ 70°26" FOLD T* Depth MW to HW HW LW LW LW LW MW to HW LW to HW LW LW 16 + Zar 15.0 25 15.6 19.4 to 23+ 20.4 Salinity %o Brackish Fo | 32.4 Brackish 32.0 Habitat Mud flat, eelgrass debris Igneous bedrock pools Mud banks, Spartina, muddy gravel, fucoids Bedrock, boulders, gravel, sand, Chorda Mud, coarse sand, eelgrass, stones Fine sand, organic and muddy sand Mud, gravel, Spartina, 10-15 cfs. Coarse sand, stones, Chorda, Zostera, fucoids, HW sand Sand, pebbles, gravel riffle, debris Sandy silt, stones, Chonarus, Ulva 49 Literature Cited Abbott, R.T. (1968). Sea shells of North America; a guide to field identification. Golden Press, New York. 280 pp. Bourget, E. (1971). Aspects saisonniers de la fixation de l‘epifaune benthique de |'étage infralittoral de l‘estuaire du St-Laurent. M.Sc. thesis, Laval Univ. 110 pp. Bousfield, E.L. (1952). Zoological investigations in the Maritime Provinces. Nat. Mus. Can. Bull. 126: 188-94. (1954). The distribution and spawning seasons of barnacles on the Atlantic coast of Canada. Nat. Mus. Can. Bull. 132: 112-54. (1955a). Viviparus viviparus L. in eastern Canada. Can. Field-Nat. 69: 27-28. (19556). Some physical features of the Miramichi estuary. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 12(3): 342-61. (1955c). Ecological control of the occurrence of barnacles in the Miramichi estuary. Nat. Mus. Can. Bull. 137: 1-69. (1956a). 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Life between tide-marks in North America, II1A: Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. J. Eco/. 42(1): 14-45. Tattersall, O.S. (1954). Shallow-water Mysidacea from the St. Lawrence estuary, eastern Canada. Can. Fie/d-Nat. 68: 143-54. 51 ol a eee ete ar yy wou |} = rl - ri vi Aj - vi My Dans + @ ae | ' i 34 ' ? 4 A ( a - wy iv ; ian / 1 ‘TP : in | ‘ ne ' or ; “ r os - ¥) 7 j i ' ee ee Se oT ee ee ae ba Ae - P 1 ve ‘ i» wy : f ar = tow ats ay! Wi Wend ae, ‘ 4 pak +a ae Ang , , i. a OUR ; +e ey ae i, » 7 ‘ ‘ Pipe: T ; sult 1 port 4 P) : Ay! pues tt ' ; . ' , NS } F 7 4 ’ | 7 4 b go é Neel py » ; j b ' a | oT a j pe 8 — é — Py, »4/ pes ‘ j j a R - ye ? =" x 5 J, ee | ‘ ? <) mu io. a “ , - 7 37 ay! Pail i< : re oe ey 7 ’ | ee Le ra a ) , al oe p ‘ ‘ o % 2 ies : ; ( Wip Cae ae = : Si Re a ‘5 a \ - = pie ~ | © sie id \) a . 28 ad d q , ww f ‘ y 4 ¥ i - oh @ . a y i U " 2 * f % (eras eS 1 \ _ v/ a = PAWS ' j t 4 ) ew ny YA \Ap ig iy 4 ».9 rw). » } i ed 7] Lal i /F g , x oe hal ¥ J tia Gig ne ad 7 f oF 44 PL (eviews ee lv ‘ * ‘ ° q " ¢ aii if » 2, * , pat oe 8 " Pei Sy: ii ie \ : 5 tes, OM) u -— af o veut yur a = (s oi ix? Hs ill F\'s a : ' éu f ke TS : ar | y ‘ri PAE ae, Sted a Bae.) i : i F } CALIF ACAD OF SCIENCES LIBRARY 3 1853 10004 6478