gets esos ee tae Sorte een te ee EB pter eee + x \ . = ~~ - ae Ort hed «bee mindae od ‘ el geet ce mens, 44 Sia s* oe ee a a eat soe ™ n oo tee . es % Ree et * Bo oe oe Aecasteata fastoensinanan maf ebieeietereaeeen =" mSeti ns mee RSENS Sig cits y NPa hn walneal ontatlboioaiaheieinala agli « Veer ise tere hare moment PTE NEAT o ee em ne et Eee UR ee ee ee re Book 7 Gas bie a be OUINBY’S Ney BEE-K FEPING. The Mysteries of Bee‘Keeping Explained. COMBINING THE RESULTS OF FIFTY YEARS’ EXPERIENCE, WITH THE LATEST DISCOVERIES AND INVENTIONS, AND PRESENTING THE MOST APPROVED METHODS, FORMING A COMPLETE GUIDE TO SUCCESSFUL BEE-CULTURE. a= £20, ROOT: PRACTICAL APIARIAN. NEW AND REVISED EDITION. ILLUSTRATED. una » jy eu 8 ‘ AT vhf au c ‘ ——, f “in il ‘= NEW YORE: ORANGE JUDD COMPANY, 1919 Hotered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1884, by the ORANGE JUDD COMPANY, In the Office of the Libs.) ac of Congress, at Washington. Printep IN U. S. A. CONTENTS. PR PIEG AO Ee © 2a cciocc sient aie te wats coe scieSciee'm ae as Sen shel Seis detente Sieeeeice Tx-xI MEMORIAL OF M. ‘QUINBY.. Wee Cais siaisvale state c's s a ciefateletnrs Bee cades), Ne SER CUE TGIN 25. ees. ae Seer sis ceede wie « cdisfeveiere Sn oraisieis Ge 17 BEE-KEEPING ; THE OLD AND THE NEW .........- ssisacivie® soeieeeets sistets 17 CHAPTER I.—TuHE HoneEx-BEz. Simple Facts in Its Natural History—The Queen—Workers—Drones— Construction of Comb—Gathering and Storing Pollen—Gathering and Storing Honey—Propolis and Its Use—Brood Rearing When it Begins—Form of the Brood-nest—Process of Egg-laying—Prep- arations for Swarming—Facts and Theories Concerning Generation —Fertile Workers....... ... .cc-..ee ence cect eccoccce ecekcretscteesen canoe CHAPTER II.—ITALiIaAn BREs. Italian or Ligurian Bees—First Introduced into America—Characteristics —How to Procure Italians--Color not an Absolute Test of Purity— Other arietlesic:. 6.2.2 cece! Sy ea isthe Siepatia ao ACE sléwen. sew cewen . 39-48 CHAPTER III.—Sourcts or Honey. Sources of Pollen—Early Honey Plants—Singular Fatality Attendant on Silk-weed — Basswood — Later Honey Plants—Buckwheat—Honey Dew—Do Bees Injure Grain and Fruit ?—Injury to Ripe Fruit—How far will Bees go for Honey ?—Best Season for Honey............. --- 48-66 CHAPTER IV.—TuHeE APIARY. Preliminary Study—Location—Immediate Surroundings—Bee-Keeping in Cities and Villages—Arrangement of the Hives—Distance Between Hives—Hives should Set Level—Disadvantages of High Stands — Marking the Location—Moving Bees Short: Distances—Shade—Bee Houses—House Apiary— When to Purchase Bees—Where to Buy— Transportation Beneficial—How to Select Swarms—Expense of Bees and Fixtures—Transporting 8 acs Bees on Se Results—Overstocking........ a eroshe Se weuie& ce ataiere Beenie teedeiatcen OOTO6 CHAPTER V.—ConTROLLING BEEs. Their Disposition—Smoke a Controlling Agent—Modes of Using De: _ cayed Wood—Quinby Smoker—Means of Protection—Suitable Dress _ ‘for Women—Interest Dispels Fear—Remedies for Stings...... eeceee 87-94 A) V1 CONTENTS. CHAPTER VI.—HiIves anp Boxss. Movable Comb Hive—Construction and Advantages— Intelligent Manipu- lation Necessary—Hanging Frame or Lanystruth Hive—Frames— Division Board —Sive-boxing Hives—Observatory Hive —New Quinby Hive—Standing Frame—Panels or Side-bvards—Small Bottom-board for Quinby Frames—Outer Case not Always Essential —Complete New Quinby Hive—Position of the Framves—Stands for Hives—Alighting Boards—Roofs—Painting Hives—Accuracy Essen- tial— Honey Boxes-—Section Frames Objectionable—I'wo-comb. Boxes—Block for Setting up Boxes—Single-comb, or Section Boxes —Construction of Section Box—Guide Combs—Separators—The CAM Ps). cieicae . cccccssmiceneene sieitisieerevsiee sielieicie Saisieavere #:Sid cievetele aicbevereraerete 95-125 CHAPTER VII.—TRANSFERRING. — Advantages—Time to Transfer—Preliminaries—Process..............2:- 125-129 CHAPTER VIII.—QuEENs. Importance of Selecting Good Stock—Fertilization in Confinement— Rearing Queens; When to Rear—How to Rear Queens—Another Method—Forming Nuclei—Queen Nursery—Queen Cages—Introduc- ing Queens—Clipping Queens’ Wings—Process—How to Handle a Queen—-Age of Queens—Drone-Laying Queens—Loss of Queens— Indications of Loss—More than one Queen in a Hive......... ...... 129-152 CHAPTER IX.- Natura AND ARTIFICIAL INCREASE. Natural Increase—When Swarming Commences—Indications of Swarm- ing—Preparations—W hich Bees Compose the Swarm—Immediate In- dications of a Swarm—How to Hive them—Emergencies—Separating Swarms—Swarms Returning to the Old Hive—After-Swarms—Pre- venting After-swarms— Artificial Increase—Straight Combs— Controll- ing Swarming —Non-Swarming Hives—Methods — Depriving of a Queen—Suggestions—Hints for Exceptional Seasons......... ....+.152-172 CHAPTER X.—Box:ne anp SURPLUS HONEY. Putting on Boxes—Removing Boxes—Care of Box Honey—Presence of Larvee—Suggestions for Securing Choice Specimens of Honey..... 172-179 CHAPTER XI.—Tue Honry EXTRACTOR AND ITs USE. . Its Value—Description—Desirable Features—The Use of the Honey Ex- tractor--When to Extract—Arranging Hives for Extracting—How to Extratt—Curing Extracted Honey—Honey Knife—Securing Extra Combs of Honey—Securing Guide Combs—Relative Amount of Box and’ Extracted Honey. ....... A Sarit MEieoe avebule: Be “Soe Gehe eres 180-190 Wax—Honey-Comb—Size of Cells—Hexagonal Shape not Essential— Cost of Comb—Artificial Comb—Supplying Material for Comb— Comb-Foundation—Sheeting Wax—Wire in Foundation — Advan- .- - tages of \Wire—Heavy Foundation Preferable—Uses and Value of © :*- Foundation—Foundation in Surplus Boxes—To fasten-Foundation in °~ Frames—Expense of Foundation Machines—Rendering Wax........ 190-203 CONTENTS. VII CHAPTER XIII—Fernpina. [ts Necessity—What to Feed—Preparing Food—Feeders—Honey in Combs for Spring Feeding—Feeding to Secure Surplus in Better Form—Honey Should be Warm when Fed................ rece eee es c4-211 CHAPTER XIV.—Rossine. General Remarks—Indications—Remedies.... ............. Ae tie Aaah 212-216 CHAPTER XV.—DIsEASES AND ENEMIES oP BEEs. Dysentery Foul Brood—Indications of Foul Brood—Remedy—Due toa Fungvid Growth—Remedy—Parasites—Bee Moth—Where their Eggs are Deposited—Development of the Larvee—Destroyed by Severe Cold — Remedies—Moth-Proof Hives—Rats and Mice—Birds—Ants, Toads and Spiders........ Mafeietortcysisoisineinieiccloalsisiaiece sis k Acca Ee 216-231 © CHAPTER XVI.—MaRKETING Honey. Subject of Importance—Neatness— Objection to Large Cases—Two-story Cases—Small Cases Popular—Preparing Boxes for Market—Grading Honey—Packing Honey-—Marking Cases—Reliable Dealers—Material for Cases—Manufacturing Cases—Transportation—Preparing Ex- tracted for Market—Process of Liquefaction—Kind of Package..... 232-240 CHAPTER XVII.—WINTERING. Preparing Bees for Winter—Perfect Quiet Essential—Out-of-Door Win- tering—In-Door Wintering—Artificial Heat—Dryness—Best Arrange- ment of a Cellar—A Special Building for Wintering—Clamps— When to Place Bees in Winter Quarters—Flight during Winter—Setting out Bees too Early in Spring—Healthy Excrement always Dry...... 241~255 CHAPTER XVIII.—Honey. Uses as Food and Medicine—Adulteration of Syrups—Different Qualities of Honey—Extracted Honey—Adulteration of Honey................ 255-260 CHAPTER XIX.—NoTES FOR THE SEASONS. Spring—Summer—Autumn—Winter............ eeiatete Sebel iets femcreresners oe 260-263 CHAPTER XX. Conclusion.... See cees esse sSHeesPeHesseasse seSseFeFesetS "HsGeseseesssees . . 260-264 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS, Queen: Lacccecescccrcvecscccscce Ot roupS Of Bees. ...ccc. cco scvcess 20 Worker eeeceeveeees ee e@ore:se 8888 Geese 25 Sting of Worker....0.secece-cccces. 20 Drone.. earetent testes sie sislereesrolelerouneleeenenee es Eeos and Larvee.... 22. sieoleveioeteieteeemae Ovaries of the QUEEN... ..cceser esc s OO White Clover.... .cccccccccccccceess DO Alsike Clover... sve ccecsesicien enol Motherwort .... PB On Goes oe) Silkweed ...........6 sleet velsiotetetnerte 53 Basswood or Linden .............. 5oD Fuller’sTeasel .:. .../.cce cncmunieaecer BY | Wild Teasel..... sloiateietee sioielaiaielcleisiotse Ol’ Smooth Sumach..........s.ecce-o2- DO GoldenRoden ccccscccnmeeeeires . 61 Hives upon Roofs at Ilion, N. Y.... 69 View of Author’s soy suitercis eteta Q1 House Apiary of J. H Nee Cana- JohaniewN) Yc.) wetiyeclitecbierisiaseh ake The Quinby Smokers. as 91 Ihe minDy Smoker, Improved... Shoe The e Veil.. eoeeesere+s C80208 92 Tron foe Holding Frames...... ... 98 Hanging-Frame. Hive and Cap..... 99 see a or Sloleisia(elela/cicieievetereres OU) Division Board.. Saletoreiwlalcier ieee Oe Observatory Hive.. .102 New Quinby Hive, with Frames and BOXES! cds seselee G000000000 9/0008 103 Standing Frame... .. ..........-06 05 Hook on the End of Standing Irae seeaicvaiciatec es, dtsietets secae 2106 Form for Building Frames ...... .106 Panel for Side of Frames...........107 Panel, Improved..............-2--- 107 Small Bottom-board for Quinby RL VO) ca aislaxs\ctals claro ictscelonete cic os avo are 108 Quinby Frames and Boxes in Clamps 5 nue sost cileiecie nes ae aeias 109 Large Bottom-board, with Frame..110 The Quinby Hive Clasp ........... 111 The Quinby Hive with PRoot ayereresteise 112 Roof forHives soi.