Susi es a Rh Saint a id = c}) F By N 1k AA) 4a | ‘Ave Pe isn IMY ee on : ———————— EN 2 - tat 4 i tif yJtts sir eu wv i raed Ae a | REPORTS OF THE Strate BoramstT Spee New VorK ExtrRAeTED FROM, XX H1-XXX/ Regenris Rerorrs. C,H. PECK. EE el Pe ee ee se ee Twenty SeconD Regen7s REPORT. ;-< we: a 2 e0 4 vs ; ae ‘914 V LIRRARY REW YOorF (D.) GARUEN 22 Reo, Rid ; REPORT. OF THE BOTANIST. Dr. S. B. Wootwortn, Secretary of the Legents : Sir—The following report tor 1868 is respectfully submitted : The specimens of plants known as the ‘“f Beck Collection ” have een taken from the folios, poisoned, and arranged in the cabinet case been taken f the folios, } d, and ged in the cabinet prepared for them. A few folios, containing the undistributed spec i mens of the collection, yet remain, there not being room for them in the case without too close pressing. plicate specimens of the State Herbarium hav The unmounted duplicate sp f the State Herb have been arranged, with their proper labels, in the empty folios. : ‘imens* of the State collection that have been The number of specimens* of the State collection that | bee poisoned and mounted is about one thousand five hundred, representing four hundred and ten species, distributed as follows: Pheenogamia, or flowering plants, one hundred and seventy-eight ; Cryptogamia, or flowerless plants, two hundred and thirty-two ; of which nine species are ferns, one hundred and eighty mosses, and forty-three are liverworts. The names of the species are given in the accompanying list, marked A. In mounting the specimens of mosses, the species, so far as pos- sible, have been represented by series of specimens illustrating the ifferen s, Variations in size, aspect, etc. In most instances < different forms, t , aspect, etc. I t instances a single plant has been separated from the tuft and placed by itself on the species sheet, that it may be seen individually as well as collect- ively. When the genus contains several or many species, the speci- _mens of it have been prefaced by arranging a single plant of each species side by side on one sheet, thus giving, as it were, a synopsis of the genus. Great care has been taken to select the best speci- mens that could be obtained, and to mount only clear, unmixed ones ; a very important matter, surely, since these diminutive plants often * The word specimen, when used in reference to the smaller Cryptogamia, denotes, not a single plant, but a moderate sized tuft or aggregation of individual plants. [Sen. No. 87.] 4 26 TweEnty-SEconp ANNUAL ReEporT on STATE CABINET. grow so intermingled that a small tuft frequently contains several different species. The time between May 12th and November 1st was spent in the field in making observations and collections. Specimens have been taken from the counties of Albany, Essex, Herkimer, Rensselaer, Greene, Richmond, Kings, Queens and Suffolk. The number of specimens collected is about four thousand, belonging to six hun- dred and ninety-seven species, of which three hundred and ninety species are new to the Herbarium; three hundred and seventy- eight new to the State flora, and three are new to science, and are now described for the first time. The distribution of these species among the classes and orders is given below in tabular form. A list of the names is given in a paper marked B. The desiderata especially supplied in the Phcenogamia is marked opposite the name in this list. TABULAR STATEMENT OF PLANTS COLLECTED. No. of speci-|Species rep-| Species new | Species new | Species new mens. resented. | to Herb’m. to State. to Science. (Estimated.) : 700 ibe Ulu bs 173 Nils ee 400 69 51 69 Lichenes,....... 900 105 105 | 105 Hepaticw. 24: . 200 33 13 | + LLC CaS eee oe 800 98 23 13 t Characer, ...... 20 7 7 4 OCS a 15 3 Cryptogamia, ...| 3,085 488 372 371 Ut Pheenogamia, ...| 1,000 209 18 if 2 Pouca ol k 4,035 697 390 378 3 Apart from the plants themselves, a small quantity of the seeds of two hundred and forty-two species has been collected. Seeds not only afford characters for comprehensive classification, but they also frequently furnish good marks for specific distinction; hence their presence in the Herbarium is quite important. With them it is possible, should a specimen, whose station is remote or exhausted, become lost, to replace it by raising a new plant. A list of the species of which seeds have been collected is marked C. - wa Report oF THE Boranist. oN It is with pleasure that acknowledgment is made of the aid received from the botanists of the State. Several of them have con- tributed liberally and furnished specimens of some very rare and interesting plants. Though all are good, it seems but just to make special mention of the large contribution of fungi made by Dr. Howe, and numbering two hundred and sixty-seven species. The whole number of species represented by contributed specimens is three hundred and forty-six, of which two hundred and six were neither represented in the Herbarium nor among my collections of the past season. Seracile,* Bry. Eur. re nitens, ’ Schreb. “ schreberi v. montanum.* “ cuspidatum, L. “ scorpioides,* L. “ strigosum, [/offm. 4 polymorphum, Breh. “ previrostre, Lhrh. ““ splendens, Hedw. “ scitum, Beaw. es iandowii. W. & MM. “ ‘serpens, ZL. Homalia jamesii,* Schp. Plagiothecium piliferum y. bre- vipilum,* Bry. Hur. Liverworts—/Hepatice. Riccia sullivantii,* Ast. Anthoceros levis, Z. Marchantia polymorpha,* Z. Preissia commutata, /Vees. Duvalia rupestris, Sulliv. Pellia epiphylla, Mees. Grimaldia barbifrons,* addi. Reboulia hemispherica, Zeaddi. Aneura palmata,* JVees. Metzgeria pubescens,* Jeadd?. “ “fureata,* Wees. Geocalyx eraveolens, Nees. Plagiochila spinulosa,* VV. & J. oe asplenioides,* i Sphagneecetis communis, ees. Jungermannia obtusifolia, Hk. “ trichophylla, Z. “ setiformis,* Arh. * eurvifolia, Dicks. “ connivens, Dicks. “ eatenulata, wb. “inflata, ZZuds. “ bicuspidata, L. divaricata,* Sm. Frullania grayana, J/ont. ** eboracensis, Lehi. hutchinsize,* Vees. Lejunia serpy llifolia, Libert. Radula complanata, ‘Dumont. ¢ pallens,* JVees. Ptilidium ciliare, ees. Trichocolea tomentella,. ees. Lepidozia reptans, JVees. “ “ce (Licuens— Lichenes.) Usnea barbata, /’. Ro ey. eee oe Le < «vy. hirta, Hoffm. e 7 ade eee Fr, ‘ ee Ach. Alectoria jubata v. chalybeitor- mis, Ach. “vy, implexa, /7. * Not before represented in the State Herbarium. ll li i Report oF THE Boranist. 37 Evernia prunastri, Ach. Placodium aurantiacum , Lightf. “ furturacea, AZann. \ ‘aurhvi flavovirescens, Er. Oy “ry, cladomiay: Zh. Ramalina calicaris y. fastigiata. Gyalecta lutea, Tuck. Lecanora pallida, Scher. “6 ; ASO weifarinaecea. a Ne inflatat Cetraria aculeata, 77. “« islandica, Ach. “ eucullata, Ach. ‘ciliaris, Ach. * lacunosa, Ach. ** oakesiana, Z'uch. Solorina saccata, Ach. Nephroma ar cticum, Fr, “ tomentosum, decor’ “tom. v. helveticum. “ levigatum, Ach. “lev. v. papyraceum. Peltigera aphthosa, //of'm. “¢ eanina, Hoff. polydacty la, Hoffm. WD horizontalis, Hoffim. Sticta pulmonaria, Ach/. “ glomerulitera, Delese. “¢ quercizans, Ach. “sylvatica, Ach. Parmelia perlata, Ach. “ 6“ vy, olivetorum, Ach. “ crinita, Ach. “< tiliacea, 7. “© saxatilis, Ach. conspersa, Ach. olivacea, Ach. *< stygia, Ach. *“¢ physedes — v. pha, Z'uek. Physcia stellaris, Wadd. oe ee tr ibracia, Fr. “ cesia v. angustior, /7. “ obseura, Vy. “« “vy, erythrocordia, 7h. aquila v. detonsa, Zz. ““ pulverulenta, £7. “speciosa, Ach. Physcia speciosa v. leucomela. Pyxine cocoes v. sorediata, 77%. Theloschistes parietinus, Norm. ‘¢ par. v. polycarpus, /7. chrysophthalmus. Placodium rupestre, Zuckh. “ec <4 oe <9 entermor- . a4 “ is oe ee ce oe ce ee ee “ oe ce ee ee oe ce ee ce pallescens, Scher. tartarea, Ach. “ v. frigida, Ach. subfusea, Ach. varia, Ach, cinerea, Fr. atra, Ach. muralis, Scher. elatina v. ochropheea. Lecidea contigua, 1’. * alboccerulescens. enteroleuca, #7. sanguinaria, Ach. Buellia parasema, Awrd. myriocarpa, Zuck. petreea, Tuck. lactea, Arb. Biatora atropurpure a, Ach. sanguineoatra, Fr. rufoniera, Pucks: viridescens, Fr. vernalis, /7. chlorantha, Tuck. Beeomyces zruginosus, DC. Cladonia ceespiticia, /lerk. ee oe ce oe “ 66 6c 3 3 73 “ 3 as ce oe oe 66 ce “ “e pyxidata, 77. ‘vy. symphicarpa, /7. gracilis, Lr. x“ We hybrida, Fr. cae elongata, FY. ene gracilis v. taurica. degenerans, v. cariosa. fimbriata, #7. ‘ vy. adspersa. squamosa, /Zoffn. ‘v. delicata. furcata, /lerk. “ v, racemosa, 7k. “ vy. subulata, A7Vh. rangiferina, [Hoffm. ‘ vy. alpestris. amaurocrea, /lerk. uncialis, v. turgescens, mitrula, 7’ uch. cornucopioides, Lr. cristatella, Z’uck. 38 Pilophorum fibula, Tuck. Stereocaulon tomentosum, /7?. “< paschale, Ach. Urceolaria scruposa, Ach. Pannaria microphylla, J/ass. “ lanuginosa, Ach. Pertusaria pertusa, Ach. “Vv. areolata. “ velata, Vyl. “ v, multipuncta. “ wulfenii, Dec. ** globularis, Ach. Conotrema urceolatum, 7'uck. Pyrenula nitida, Ach. Trypethelium virens, Zwch. Graphis seripta, Ach. Umbilicaria muhlenbergii, ‘“* pustulata, v. papulosa. proboscidea, DC. “¢ hirsuta, Ach. e dillenii, Tuck. Collema flaccidum, Ach. ‘* ryssoleum, Zuck. Leptogium tremelloides, Jacerum, FY. chloromelum, Nyl. “ saturninun, Vyl. oe “ce Sra-wEEeDs— Algae. Chondria dasyphylla, Ag. “ baileyana, J/ont. “ tenuissima, Ag. Gelidium corneum, Lamour. Polysiphonia subtilissima, Mont. “ olneyi, Harv. .“ harveyi, Bad. variegata, Ag. nigrescens, rev. Bostrychia rivularis, //arv. Dasya elegans, ae. Champia parvula, /arv. Corallina officinalis, I. Grinnellia americana, //arv. Delesseria sinuosa, Lamour. Gracilaria multipartita, J. Ag. Solieria chordalis; J. Ag. Polyides rotundus, Grev. Rhodymenia palmata, Grev. Phyllophora brodizei, -/. ‘Ag. Anhfeltia plicata, Fi. mick ‘ Tk. TweEnty-Seconp ANNUAL Report on State Capinet. Chondrus crispus, Zyngb. Chylocladia baileyana, /Zarv. Spyridia filamentosa, /Zarv. Ceramium rubrum, Ag. ‘“¢ rub. v. decurrens. diaphanum, Leoth. fastigiatum, /arv. arachnoideum, Ag. Callithamnion baileyi, Harv. ‘** byssoideum, Arn. Sargassum vulgare, Ag. “" montagnei, Bail. Fucus nodosus, te “« vesciculosus, Z. scorpioides, #7. Dan. Laminaria fascia, Ag. * saccharina, Lamour. Desmarestia viridis, Lamour. Stilophora rhizodes, /. Ag. Dictyosiphon feenienlaceus, Gre. Chordaria flagelliformis, Ag. “ divaricata, Ag. Leathesia tuberiformis, Gray. Ectocarpus viridis, Harv. “ tittoralis, Lyngb. Chorda filum, Stack. Punctaria latifolia, Grev. ‘* tenuissima, G7ev. Bryopsis plumosa, Lamour, Porphyra vulgaris, Ag. Enteromor pha nabs 2 Link. “* compressa, Grev. “ clathrata, Grev. Ulva latissima, J. “ inva, 0; Hormotrichum younganum, Dw. Cheetomorpha tortuosa, Dw. “ Tinum, “ute. Cladophora arcta, Dv. i glaucescens, Grif. “ retracta, Loth. “ fracta, Fl. Dan. “ glomerata, Z. Rhizoclonium riparium, L2oth. Cheetophora pisiformis, Ag. * endiviztfolia, Ag. Draparnaldia glomerata, Ag. Batrachospermum moniliforme. . Nostoe commune, Vawch. iz i “ “ eee EEE Report oF THE Bortanist. 39 CHARACE. Nitella flexilis, Ag. *“ mucronata v. flabellata. “ acuminata v. glomerulif- era, A. Br. Chara coronata, Zz. “fragilis, Desv. feetida, A227. “¢ eontraria, A. Br. Musurooms—Fungi. Agaricus mappa, Datsch. rachodes, Vt. “ melleus, Vahd. “ nebularis, Batsch. “ laccatus, Scop “ radicatus, Bull. “* ochropurpureus, Berk. ostreatus, Jacq. salignus, Pers. os petaloides, Bull. “* atrocceruleus, /7. “¢ prunulus, Scop. polychrous, Berk. campestris, L. “ epixanthus, Pawd. “ sphagnorum, Pers. “orcella, Bull. bk curtisii, Berk. Coprinus comatus, /”. eras amentarius, Bull. domesticus, Pers. pliatilis, Curt. ephemerus, /7. Hygrophorus cinnabarinus, £7. *“* eonicus, 7. Lactarius torminosus, 77. *¢ piperatus, 7. indigo, 7. ef volemus, Fr. sf chrysorheus, Fr. angustissimus. Russula emetica, 77. * alutacea, Fr. Cantharellus tubseformis, Bull. “* erispus, /7. Marasmius plancus, 77. “ rotula, 7’. Lentinus lecontei, /7. Panus stypticus, /’7. “cc “ “ (<3 ce oe <3 “ce oe Panus dorsalis, 7. Schizophyllum commune, /?. Lenzites betulina, /?. “ sepiaria, “7. ‘bicolor, #7. Boletus elegans, 77. “ . bovinus, Z. “ seaber, Bull. “ felleus, Bud. Deedalea cinerea, 7. “ confragosa, Bolt. Gleoporus nigropurpurascens. Polypor us ovinus, Scheff. tomentosus, FY”. perennis, 77. boucheanus, 77. elegans, Fr. “ Jucidus, 7. Ee sulphur eus, /?. lacteus, 7. gilvus, /?. adustus, 47, * cerifluus, B. & C. resinosus, 47. subfuscus, 77. ? applanatus, Ep. igniarius, 77, scutellatus, Lr, “¢ carneus, JVees. cinnabarinus, 77. “ biformis, AZ. hirsutus, ’?. “ hirsutulus, Schw versicolor, /7. “ abietinus, /7. occidentalis, Av/. medulla-panis, 77. laceratus, Berk. * luridus, B. & C. Merulius tremellosus, Schrad. Fistulina hepatica, 7’. Craterellus cornucopioides, P. Thelephora pallida, Schw. I ydnum repandum, Z. suaveolens, Scop. velatinosum, Scop. cirrhatum, Pers. coralloides, Scop. Irpex tulipiferse, Schw. “ deformis, 77. (73 “ce ee ce 6“ ifs 74 40 TweEntTy-SEconD ANNUAL Report on State CABINET. Irpex cinnamomeus, /7. Stereum fasciatum, /7. “ complicatum, 7. “ purpureum, Pers. “ spadiceum, //7. “ ochraceo-flavum, Schw. “ bicolor, /7. “ tabacinum, /7. Corticium oakesii, B. & C. Clavaria botrytis, Pers. oe aimeba. a ers. “ ineequalis, “7. Spathularia flavida, Pers. Pistillaria muscicola, /7. Tremella aurantia, Schw. Exidia auricula-judee, 77. “glandulosa, 77. Lycoperdon gemmatum, Baisch. “ pyriforme, Scheff. “ calvescens, B. & C. “ wrightii, B. & C. Bovista plumbea, ers. Scleroderma vulgare, 77. Geaster hygrometricus, Pers. Lycogala epidendrum, JZ. AXthalium septicum, /?. Diderma globosum, 77s. “ citrinum, /7. Didymium xanthopus, 7’. Stemonitis ferrnginea, £/7h. Dictydium microcarpum, Shd. Cribraria purpurea, Schrud. “« intricata, Schrad. Areyria cinerea, 47. Dan. Trichia rubiformis, Pers. “ clavata, Pers. Cyathus campanulatus, 77. Diplodia viticola, Desm. Nemaspora crocea, /e7's. Myxosporium nitidum, B. & C. Uredo solidaginis, Schw. “ luminata, Schw. Uredo effusa, Strauss. “ Jeguminosarum, ZA. pyrole, Strauss. Uromyces lespedeze-violaceze. Ustilago maydis, Corda. “ ureceolorum, DC. utriculosa, /Vees. Reestelia lacerata, Sow. Acidium grossulariz, DC. “ houstoniatum, Schw. “ sambuci, Schw. “ hydnoidenm, B. & C. Tubercularia vulgaris, Zode. Polythrincium trifolii, Aze. Morchella esculenta, Pers. Geoglossum hirsutum, Pe7's. Peziza macropus, Pers. “ seutellata, Z. “ calyeina, Schum. “ eyathoidea, Bull. “ agassizii, B. & C. “ citrina, Batsch. Bulgaria sarcoides, 77. Dicheena faginea, 17. Rhytisma solidaginis, Schw. * acerinum, /7. decolorans, Fr. prini, 27. ‘ punctatum, J. Hysterium lineare, 77. Xylaria polymorpha, Pers. _ jypoxylon, LArh. Hypocrea lactifluorum, Schw. Hypoxylon ustulatum, Budd. ** coherens, /’ers. fragiforme, Pers. Diatrype disciformis, 7”. Valsa nivea, 77. Depazea brunnea, B. & C. “ eruenta, #7. Asterina gaultherie, Curt. Eustilbum rehmianum, /2abenh. oe ee oe “ee © iTS Report oF THE Boranist. C. 41 LIST OF SPECIES OF WHICH SEEDS HAVE BEEN COLLECTED. Clematis virginiana, L. Hepatica acutiloba, Chazz. Thalictrum dioicum, Z. “ eornuti, L. purpurascens, Z. Ranunculus abortivus, Z. * yecurvatus, Po7r. fascicularis, J/ichx. Aquilegia canadensis, L. Caltha palustris, Z. Trollius laxus, Salisb. ee ee Actzea spicata var. alba, Michi. Corydalis glauca, Pursh. Cardamine hirsuta, L: Arabis hirsuta, Scop. “canadensis, L. Polanisia graveolens, af. Viola pedata, L. ee Helianthemum canadense, J/z. Parnassia caroliniana, J/iche. Hypericum ellipticum, Hook. « ‘“* canadense, Z. sarothra, Miche. Elodea virginica, ute. Silene stellata, A7t. “ noctiflora, Z. Lychnis githago, Lam. Avenaria. greenlandica, Spreng. = serpyllifolia, L. Lechea major, Miche. Lechea minor, Lam. a. pty. mifolia, Pursh. Drosera rotundifolia, Z. Mollugo verticillata, Z. Portulaca oleracea, A Malva rotundifolia, Ld. Abutilon avicenne, Gwrt. Linum usitatissimum, Z. Geranium maculatun, Z. Rhus toxicodendron, Z. Vitis cordifolia, MWichx. Rhamnus alnifolius, Z’ Her. Ceanothus americanus, Z. Lupinus perennis, Z. {Sen. No. 87.] ee pubescens vy. scabriuscula. 6 Melilotus officinalis, Wlld. “alba, Zam. Robinia pseudacacia, L. Lespedeza violacea, Pers. Lathyris palustris, Z. Amphicarpea monoica, Vuwtt. Medicago lupulina, Z. Baptisia tinctoria, 72. Br. Geum virginianum, Z. Prunus virginiana, Z. Agrimonia eupatoria, Z. Rubus odoratus, Z. “strigosus, ‘Niche. occidentalis, aE: “© villosus, Az. “ canadensis, Z. Rosa rubiginosa, L. Rthexia virginica, Z. (Enothera biennis, Z. Epilobium hirsutum, ve. * eoloratum, Juhl. Ribes cynosbati, L: Penthorum sedoides, Le Saxifraga virginiensis, J/ichz. Mitella diphylla, Z. “ nuda, Z. Hamamelis virginica, Z. Daucus carota, Pastinaca sativa, Z. Aralia nudicaulis, Z. Cornus canadensis, ZL. “< . florida, Z. Lonicera oblongifolia, J/wAl. Viburnum opulus, Z. “ acerifolium, Z. Mitchella repens, L. Valeriana sy lvatica, Rich. Vernonia noveboracensis, Willd. Eupatorium ageratoides, Z. * pertoliatum, Z. Diplopappus umbellatus, T.c&e G. Iva frutescens, LZ. Ambrosia trifida, Z. be artemisizefolia, L. Xanthium strumariun, L. 49, TweEnty-SEconp ANNUAL Report on Stare CAsBINeT. Helianthus giganteus, Z. “ strumosus, Z. “ decapetalus, Z. *¢ divaricatus, L. Bidens bipinnata, Z. Cirsium lanceolatum, Scop. “discolor, Spreng. “ muticum, Jichex. Lappa major, Gert. Krigia virginica, Welld. Galinsoga parviflora, Cav. Hieracium venosum, Z. “ scabrum, JLichu. “ gronovii, L. “ paniculatum, Z. Nabalus altissimus, /Zook. Taraxacum dens-leonis, Desf. Lactuca canadensis, LZ. Mulgedium leucopheum, DC. Sonchus oleraceus, L. Lobelia inflata, Z. . Campanula rotundifolia, L. Gaylussaccia resinosa, 7. & G. Vaccinium uliginosum, Z. Chiogenes hispidula, 7. & @. Gaultheria procumbens, L. Kalmia latifolia, Z. “ angustifolia, Z. “* glauca, Add. Azalea nudiflora, Z. Ledum latifolium, Azz. Chimaphila umbellata, Vuze. Plantago maritima v. juncoides. Epiphegus virginiana, Bart. Verbascum blattaria, Z. “ thapsus, Z. Linaria vulgaris, J/2/. Veronica officinalis, Z. Gerardia flava, L. Pedicularis canadensis, L. Mimulus ringens, Z. Verbena hastata, Z. Trichostema dichotomum, Z. Isanthus cceruleus, D/icha. Collinsonia canadensis, Z. Brunella vulgaris, LZ. Lithospermum officinale, Z. Cuseuta gronovii, Welld. Solanum duleamara, Z. Physalis viscosa, L. Datura stramonium, Z. Sabbatia stellaris, Pwrsh. Menyanthes trifoliata, Z. Asclepias cornuti, Decaisne. Phytolacca decandra, LZ. Chenopodium album, Z. “ giaucum, Z. “ hybridum, Z. ‘“¢ urbicum, ZL. Atriplex rosea, L. “ arenaria, Vt. Amarantus retroflexus, Z. Polygonum incarnatum, £7. “ tenue, Micha. dumetorum, Z. sagittatum, Z. “¢ hydropiper, Z. “ aviculare, /,, ‘“< persicaria, Z. Rumex verticillatus, Z. Lindera benzoin, Metsner. Euphorbia polygonifolia, Z. Euphorbia platyphylla, Z. Empetrum nigrum, Z. Urtica urens, Z. Beehmeria cylindrica, Welld. Myrica gale, L. “ cerifera, Z. Comptonia asplenifolia, Adz. Betula lenta, Z. ‘¢ papyracea, Azz. “alba v. populifolia, Sph. Alnus viridis, DC. “ gerrulata, A7z. Pinus rigida, J/cller. Abies nigra, Pov. Sparganium simplex, /Zuds. Naias flexilis, /2osth. Potamogeton claytoniil, Zuck. “ oakesianus, Lobb. Scheuchzeria palustris, Z. Sagittaria variabilis, Hngelm. Corallorhiza multiflora, Vett. Sisyrinchium bermudiana, Z. Smilax glauca, Walt. Trillium erectum, Z. “ erythrocarpum, Micha. Streptopus amplexifolius, DC. Clintonia borealis, 22af. Smilacina racemosa, Desf. ce oe Report oF THE Boranist. 43 Asparagus officinalis, Z. Lilium canadense, L. Juncus maritimus, Zam. “ marginatus, Losth. © bufonius, Z. “ tenuis, Wadld. “ articulatus, Z. alpinus v. insignis, /7. “© nodosus, L. “canadensis, J. Gay. Cyperus michauxianus, Schultes. gray, Zorr. filiculmis, Vahl. “ nuttallii, Zorr. Eleocharis obtusa, Schu/tes. Scirpus pauciflorus, LigAt. “ pungens, Vahl. “ planifolius, J/uAl. Eriophorum alpinum, Z. ‘“¢ polystachyon, Z. Rhynchospora glomerata, Vahl. Carex paucitlora, Light. “¢ siccata, Dew. “ teretiuscula, Good. vulpinoidea, Miche. “* yosea var, radiata, Dew. oe Carex chordorhiza, Hhrh. “¢ canescens, L. “ deweyana, Schwein. “ stellulata, Z. * scoparia, Schk. * lagopodioides, Schh. “ straminea, Schk. aquatilis, Wah. “stricta, Lum. “ limosa, L. irrigua, Smith “ Jaxiflora v. blanda, Gray. “ pedunculata, AZwhl. emmonsil, Dew. pennsylvanica, Lam. “ arctata, Boott. “ extensa, (rood. “ filiformis, Z. * vestita, Walld tentaculata v. gracilis. intumescens, /’udge. “ folliculata, Z. monile, Z’uck. lenticularis, A/ichx. Panicum clandestinum, L. Andropogon furcatus, Zul. SPECIMENS OBTAINED BY CONTRIBUTION AND EXCHANGE, From W. R. Grrarp, Poughkeepsie. Salsola kali, Z. Tris ochroleuea 2 Leucanthemum vulgare v. tubuliflorum, Zenney. Linaria vulgaris v. peloria. Viola tricolor v. arvensis, DC. From G. T. Srevens, M. D., Albany. Pinus inops, Adz. From §. H. Wrieut, M. D., Penn Yan. Sedum telephioides, AZtcha. Rosa rubiginosa, LZ. Vallisneria spiralis, Z. Rumex orbiculatus, Gray. Carex gynandra, Schw. 44 Twenty-Seconp AnNUAL Report on Strate CABINET. Carex extensa, Good. = Salata, 7 O77: ‘“* intumescens, Pudge. “* retrorsa v. hartil, Gray. “ tuekermani, Boott. “ retroflexa, M/whl. “stricta v. xerocarpa, Gray: From E. L. Hanxenson, Vewark. Rosa setigera, ALicha. ' ; Vaccaria ‘vulgaris, Lost. | Scirpus pauciflorus, Lightf. ¢ smithii, Gray. Nymphea tuberosa, Paine. Atriplex patula v. littore ilis, Gray. Polygonum incarnatum, 7’ il. Potentilla paradoxa, Nutt. Calendula officinalis, Z. From G. B. Bratyerp, Brooklyn. (Algze mounted.) Delesseria leprieurei, //arv. Rhodomela rochei, Harv. 3 specimens. Chylocladia baileyana v. divaricata, Harv. Spyridia filamentosa, Harv. Polysiphonia formosa, Suhr. 4 specimens. “ fastigiata, (rev. “¢ nigrescens, rev. Callithamnion corymbosum, Ag. “ byssoideum, Arn. “ americanum, //arv. 2 specimens. Griffithsia corallina v. tenuis, Harv. Cystoclonium purpurascens, Rute. Cladostephus spongiosus, Ag. Asperococcus echinatus, rev. Dictyosiphon foeniculaceus, Grev. Mesogloia vermicularis, Ag. Fucus ceranoides, Ag. Sargassum bacciferum, Ag. Punctaria tenuissima, Grev. 2 specimens. Cheetophora a pisiformis, Ag. From ©. F. Ausrin, Closter, WV. J. Cynosurus eristatus, L. Danthonia compressa, Ast. Dicranum schreberi, Hedw. Barbula fallax, Bry. Hur. Fissidens exiguus, Sud/w. Homalia jamesii, Schp. Leskea nervosa, Schwagr. Report oF THE Boranist. 45 From T. F. Auten, M.D., Wew York. Wolffia columbiana, Aarsten. From V. Corvin, Albany. Homalia gracilis, James. From B. D. Girzert, Utica. (By exchange.) Habenaria rotundifolia, Richardson. Calypso borealis, Salisb. Lamium album, Z. Viola cucullata, var., At. From Hon. G. W. Crmton, Buffalo. Lunularia vulgaris, dich. From E. C. Hows, M. D., Fort Edward. Carex tueckermani, Boott. “¢ sparganioides, J/uhl. “ stellulata v. scirpoides, Gray. * vulpinoidea, Jtche. “ seoparia, Schk. lagopodioides, Schk. “ cephalophora, JuAl. “ hystricina, Weld. “ Jupulina, Mull. “¢ retrocurva, Dew. S -tricua: Sm. Fimbristylis capillaris, Gray. Cyperus grayii, Zorr. Var. Asplenium ebeneum, A7t, Var. Onoclea sensibilis, L. Var. near obtusilobata, Torr. Isoetes echinospora v. braunii, Engel. Anacamptodon splachnoides, Lrid. Hypnum nitens, Schreb. Var. Agaricus mappa, Batsch. procerus, Scop. rachodes, Vit. “< eristatus, Bolt. “* melleus, Vahl. “© laccatus, Scop. “ radicatus, Bull. “ velutipes, Curt. ochropurpureus, Berk. epipterygius, Scop. ostreatus, Jacq. salignus, Pers. “ semiorbicularis, Bul. 46 TweEnty-SEconp ANNUAL Report on Strate Castner. Agaricus semicaptus, B. & C “ atroceruleus, 7. “ applicatus, Batsch. “ eurtisii, Berk. * polychrous, Berk. “ campestris, Z “ arvensis, Scheff. “ eretaceus, LY. “ sublateritius, Scheff. “ epixanthus, Pavd. “ orcella, Bull. “ snbinvolutus, Batsch. “ clypeatus, Z. “ campanella, Batsch. “ galericulatus, Pers. Paxillus atrotomentosus, 77. Hygrophorus vinnabarinus, £7. “" ceraceus, /7. “ eonicus, /7. Lactarius indigo, /?. “ subtomentosus, B. d& 2. “ fuliginosus, 17. Russula emetica, /7. Cantharellus tubeeformis, Budd. “ albidus, 77. ? “ erispus, /7. Marasmius plancus, /. es rotula, /7. Panus stypticus, /?. Schizophyllum commune, /7. Lenzites betulina, /7. ¢ sepiaria, 7. “ crategi, Berk. “ picolor. F7. Polyporus brumalis, 77. ‘“¢ “boucheanus, /7. ‘© giganteus, /. “ Jabyrinthicus, 77. “ yresinosus, 7. “ applanatus, J’. “ fomentarius, /7. “ jgniarius, “7. “ subfuseus, /?. “ caroliniensis, B. dé C. “* earneus, /Vees. cinnabarinus, 77. SO radiatus, 27. “¢ hirsutus, 7. “versicolor, 7. “ abietinus, 7. : z . ce Report oF THE Boranist. Polyporus sullivantii, dont. virgineus, Schw. medulla-panis. vaporarius, £7. elegans, /7. lepidens, Ey. scutellatus, Schw. laceratus, Berk. adustus, 7. Merulius tremellosus, Schrad. Deedalea contfragosa, ’ Bolt. Gleeoporus nigropurpurascens, Schw. Fistulina hepatica, /?. Hydnum repandum, Z, ochraceum, Pers. himantia, Schw. mucidum, Pers. adustum, Schw. * leticolor, B. & C. Irpex tulipiferse, Schw. “ cinnamomeus, 77. Thelephora terrestris, Zirh. “pallida, Scho. Stereum striatum, /7. “ complicatum, /7. purpureum, Pers. hirsutum, #7. rubiginosum, Schrad. imbricatulum, Schw. frustulosum, 7. acerinum, /?. Corticium oakesii, B. & C. * ochroleucum, /?. cinereum, /7. “ seutellatum. B. & C. Cyphella capula, 7”. “ muscicola, /7. Clavaria ineequalis, 7. Pistillaria muscicola, (7. Tremella mesenterica, /etz. “ sareoides, W7th. Exidia truneata, 17. * cinnabarina, B. & C. Dacrymyees stillatus, 77. “ “tortus, Fr. Ptychogaster albus, Corda. Lycoperdon vemmatum, Batsch. Bovista eyathiformis, Bosc. Geaster hygrometricus, Pers. Lycogala epidendrum, Be “ce “ “ ce cc “c “ 4T 48 Twenty-Seconp AnnuAat Report on Strate CABrnet. Kthalium septicum, /7?. Physarum nutans, Pers. Stemonitis ferruginea, Ehrh. Dictydium microcarpum, Schrad. Trichia clavata, Pers. 7d turbinata, With. Cyathus crucibulum, Pers. Spheerobolus stellatus, Tode. Mycrothyrium microscopicum, Desm. Diplodia viticola, Desm. Spheeropsis insignis, B. & C. Vermicularia liliaceorum, Schw. Septoria herbarum, 2. é C. Stilbospora ovata, Pers. “* pyriformis, ‘Hoff. Cytispora rubescens, 77. * leucosperma, 7. Nemaspora crocea, Pes. Myxosporium nitidum, B. & C. Torula herbarum, Pers. Septonema spilomeum, Berk. Puccinia aculeata, Schw. ; “ graminis, DC. “ solida, Schw. “ waldsteinize, Curt. junci, Schw. investita, Sch. Uredo rubigo, DC. “ -caricina, DC. epitea, Aze, ** polygonorum, DC. * solidaginis, Schw. sf cylindrica, Strauss. ad potentillze, DE ** -ruborum, DC. luminata, Schw. etiusa, Strauss. pyrole, Strauss. * saliceti, Schl. ‘© violarum, DC. Uromyces lespedezee-violacese, Schw “ Jespedezze-procumbentis, ” Scho. hyperici, Schw. apiculosa, Lev. Ustilago segetum, Pers. “© junci, Schw. Acidium compositarum, art. ** gnaphaliatum, Sch. “ hydnoideum, B. & C. Cystopus -andidus, Lev. oe “ ee 6c ee ee ee os Report oF tHe Boranist. Epicoccum micropus, Corda. Tubercularia vulgaris, Zode. “ granulata, Pers. Sporocybe calicioides, Fr. ' Helminthosporium macrocarpon, rev. Podosporium rigidum, Schv. Polythrincium trifolii, Keze. Cladosporium herbarum, Lk: Penicillium crustaceum, Fr. Helvella esculenta, Z. Geoglossum hirsutum, Pers. “ difforme, #7. Peziza translucida, B. & C. viticola, Pers. sanguinea, Pers. lenticularis, 77. citrina, Batsch. herbarum, Pers. “compressa, A. & S. “¢ flexella, /7. Solenia candida, Pers. Ascobolus conglomer atus, Schw. Bulgaria inquinans, /7. Sphinctrina turbinata, /7. Patellaria discolor, Mont. ‘“¢ rhabarbarina, Berk. Urnula craterium, /7. Dermatea fascicularis, 77. Cenangium populinum, Schw. ribis, Fr, “ pinastri, 7. Dichzena faginea, #7. Rhytisma solidaginis, Schw. “ vaecinii, Fr. acerinum, /7. punctatum, 77. salicinum, /7. “ Dlakei, Curt. Phacidium coronatum, /7. “* erustaceum, B. dé C. Hysterium elongatum, Wahl. “ hiascens, B. & C. lineare, 7. pinastri, Schrad. Xylaria polymorpha, Pers. “ hypoxylon, Zhrh. Hypocrea lactifluorum, Schw. “ citrina, Pers. rufa, Pers. “ yrichardsonii, B. & Jf. [Sen. No. 87.] a “ ‘<4 “ “ ce “ 50 Twernty-Sreconp ANNUAL Report on STATE CABINET. Hypoxylon ustulatum, Budd. mummularium, Bull. clypeus, Schw. multiforme, #7. coherens, Pers. fuscum, Pers. rubiginosum, Pers. serpens, Ders. Diatrype stigma, 7’. Valsa stilbostoma, Fr. ‘“* americana, B. & 6. “ constellata, B. d& C. Nectria cinnabarina, /7. “ cueurbitula, Fr. Sphieria ovina, Pers. pulvis-pyrius, Pers. myriocarpa, /7, papilla, Schw. pertusa, Pers. “ fissurarum, B. & C. “ saubineti, J/ont. => apieea, ers. rostrata, /7. ulmea, Schw. lespedezze, Schw. limeeformis, Schw. aculeata, Schw. acuminata, Sow. nigrella, Pr. verbascicola, Schw. potentillee, Schw. punctiformis, Pers. “ fusea, Pers. Var. “ disciformis, Hoffm. coryli, Batsch. “ fimbriata, Pers. “© quercina, ’ Pers. “epidermidis v. microscopica, Desm. “ desmazierii, B. & Lr. “ nivea, LHoffm. “¢ sordaria, £7. Dothidea omans, Schw. Erysiphe communis, Sch/. “ “ceanothi, Schoo. Phyllactinia cuttata, Lev. Asterina gaultheriz, Curt. Erineum fagineum, "Pers. 3 luteolum, Kee. sf alnigerum, Ke. “ aureum, Pers. ce 66 66 <9 ce cc oe ce ¢¢ (<9 ac. <9 6c “cc oe 6e ce ce (74 6c Report oF THE Boranist. Erineum vitis, DC. Sclerotium orobanches, Schw. “ varium, Pers. E. EDIBLE FUNGI. Agaricus procerus, Scop. ** yachodes, Veit. * melleus, VaAl. “¢ personatus, 7. “ nebularis, Batsch. ‘ yadicatus, Budd. ostreatus, Jacq. salignus, Pers. prunulus, Scop. campestris, L. “ arvensis, Scheff. “ orcella, Bull. Coprinus comatus, /7. “ atramentarius, Bull. Lactarius piperatus, /7. “ angustissimus, Lasch. “¢ volemus, /7. Russula alutacea, /7. Marasmius oreades, J”. Boletus bovinus, Z. “ elegans, 7. “ seaber, Bull. Polyporus ovinus, Scheff. “ “giganteus, Lr. “ sulphureus, /7. Fistulina hepatica, /’7. Hydnum repandum, J. “ coralloides, Scop. Clavaria botrytis, Pers. Tremella mesenterica, /etz. Bovista plumbea, Pers. Morchella esculenta, Pers. Helvella esculenta, Z. 51 52 TweEnty-sEconD ANNUAL Report on Stare CABINET. x SPECIES GROWING SPONTANEOUSLY IN THE STATE AND NOT BEFORE REPORTED. ELATINE CLINTONIANA, Sp. 100. Slender, erect ; leaves cuneate oblong or narrowly obovate ; jflow- ers with conspicuous rose-red or purplish, spreading petals ; seeds slightly curved, ribbed and pitted. Stems czespitose, slender, simple, erect, abundantly rooting at the base, 3’—10” high ; leaves sessile, v arying from oblong to oblan- ceolate and narrowly ‘obovate, obtuse, tipering to the base, rather cana very obscurely nerv ed, entire, minutely whitish elandular- dotted ; flowers sessile, single i in the axils of the leaves, dimerous; sepals oblong- ovate, obtuse, shorter than the petals and about one- third as broad; petals broadly ovate or suborbicular, obtuse, spreading, twice the length of the ovary, rose-red or purplish ; sta- mens longer than the sepals, scarcely as long as the petals, with globose anthers ; stigmas nearly sessile, contiguous, persistent ; cap- sule subglobose often slightly depressed at the apex, usually four to eight seeded ; seeds nearly straight, longitudinally ribbed, pitted in rows. Rocky shores of Bowman’s pond, Sandlake, Rensselaer county. July and August. This plant forms quite extensive and rather dense turfs or patches. The smaller forms have three or four pairs of leaves, narrow and nearly uniform in width, and one or two purplish red flowers, all clustered or closely placed at the top of the stem, the lower part of which is naked, or furnished with long, slender root- lets. The larger plants have the leaves bro ader, more distantly inserted, more “tapering toward the base, the flowers more numer- ous and paler or rose-red. A cross section of the stem reveals eight tubes formed by thin dissepiments radiating from the center. “The distinctive characters of the species, when compared with E. americana, are found in its more dense, erect mode of growth, smaller size, more slender stems, more narrow leaves, and especially in its conspicuous, spreading, bright. colored petals. The seeds also furnish distinctive but microscopic characters. They are shorter, less curved, more distinctly ribbed longitudinally, less wrinkled transve rsely, the impressions shorter, more regular in out- line and more distantly placed, the interspaces being usually almost as wide as the impressions. In the seeds of £. americana, the interspaces are narrow and more elevated, so that when viewed under the microscope by transmitted light, these elevations or wrinkles appear along the margins of the seed like rows of papillee. It gives me great pleasure to dedicate this neat little species to my much esteemed friend and active co-laborer in botany, the Hon. G. W. Clinton. ST ——— oo Report oF THE Boranist. 53 AmorrPHA FRutTIcosA, ZL. Banks of the Hudson below Greenbush. Doubtless escaped from some garden. Rusts NEGLECTUS, Sp. 720V. Stems recurved, armed with numerous straight prickles ; berries dark red, having a whitish bloom ; calyx hispid. Stems ‘long, recurved, when young covered with a glaucous bloom, armed with numerous rather strong, straight prickles, those on the flowering branches and petioles sometimes recurved ; leaves trifoliate, the leaflets ovate- -acuminate, coarsely and doubly ‘serrate, green above, white tomentose beneath, with rather prominent anastomosing veinlets, lateral ones sessile, terminal one often unequally two or three lobed and subcordate; flowers on ascend- ing or erect branches, axillary and subcoryimbose, the pedicels armed with unequal "slender prickles, intermingled with stiff, glandular hairs; calyx hispid; fruit dark clouded red, with a whitish tomentose bloom. Flowers in J une, fruit ripe in July. Sandlake. Not common. This species is intermediate between /2. strigosus and J/?. occident- alis, and combines to a considerable extent the characters of both. From the former it may be distinguished by its mode of growth (which is exactly like that of 2. 0c -videntalis), long recurved stems and stout prickles; from the latter by its more numerous, straight prickles, sessile lateral leaflets and hispid calyx’; from both by the color and flavor of its berries. These have a peculiarly agreeable taste, which probably suggested the name “ Cream Berries,” by which the fruit is known to the inhabitants of the locality above mentioned. It occurs sparingly in recently cleared lands, associated with its nearly allied species. It is recommended to the attention of gar- deners and fruit growers as worthy of cultivation. It seems to have been previously known to some of our botanists, but was probably considered a sportive form of one or another of its congeners, in view of which a name has been given indicative of its supposed past treatment. CALENDULA OFFICINALIS, LZ. Newark, Wayne county. E. L. Hankenson. A garden scape. Vaccinium cxsprrosum, Miche. Summit of Mt. Whiteface, Essex county. Lamium atsom, LZ. Roadsides, Herkimer county. B.D. Gilbert. Introduced. Mentua arvensis, L. North Greenbush. Introduced. 54 Twenty-Sreconp AnnuaL Report or State CABINET. Pinus 1nops, Ait. Barren plains west of Keeseville; also, near Wadham’s Mills, Essex county. G. T. Stevens. New Jer sey has been considered the northern limit of this species, and its occurrence two hundred and fifty miles farther north without intervening stations is truly remarkable, and affords another instance of remotely isolated sta- tions. There are about a half dozen trees near Wadham’s Mills, from five to eight feet high, some larger ones having been recently cut down. PoraMoGETon OAKESIANUS, Lobbins. Bowman’s pond, Sandlake. The specimens referred to this species do not quite agree with the description. The stems are not much branched, but “nearly or quite simple; yet the leaves and fruit agree so exactly with the characters ascribed to this species that our specimens are referred to it without hesitation. PoramMoGeTon Ampuirotius, Zwck. North Elba, Essex county. Facoryrum tTartaricum, Gert. (Hagotriticum sibiricum, L.) Escaped from cultivation to roadsides and waste places. North Elba. Iris OCHROLEUCA. (?) The plant here noticed is a large, yellow flowered species ; prob- ably a garden scape. Hssex county. Dr. Stevens. Near Pough- keepsie. W. R. Gerard. Juncus MARITIMus, Lam. Coney Island. The plant under consideration is believed to be the true J. maritimus, now found in this country for the first time, the J. maritimus of American authors havi ing been shown by Dr. G. Engelmann, in Revision N. A. Junci, to bed. Leamervanus, Scheele. Probably introduced. JUNCUS ALPINUS Var. INSIGNIS, /7ies. Shore of Lake Champlain, near Port Kent. The heads have more flowers than usual, there being 8-12 in each. Carex auata, Zorr. Swamps, Junius, Seneca county. S. H. Wright. DANTHONIA COMPRESSA, Sp. 200. “Stems compressed-trigonal, the narrowest side concave, the others convex, slender (one foot high), decumbent at the base, weak, smooth or minutely roughened below the joints. Leaves very long, narrow and flat, minutely roughened on the margins Report oF THE Boranist. 55 and veins, the sheaths smooth. Ligule with long silky fringes. Spikelets racemose-paniculate, about ten. Glumes 43”—5” long, acute, concave, smooth, 3-nerved, with broad white margins, equal. Florets with a tuft of silky hairs at base; lower palet ovate, bifid, the teeth very slender (1” long), clothed with silky hairs in seven lines, and on the margins below (membranaceous and naked above on the margin), awn about twice as long as the palet, flat and twisted below but scarcely colored; inner palet membranaceous, nerveless, ciliate.” Austin JLSS. Woods. Danube, Herkimer county, July, 1868. C. F. Austin. Rare. Compared with Danthonia spicata, this species differs in its longer leaves,—the upper ones overtopping the panicle,—its looser panicle and more numerous spikelets, the longer teeth of the lower palet and the tuft of hairs at the base of the florets. CHARACE. NIvELLA FLEXILIs, Ag. Ponds and slow flowing streams. Sandlake and North Elba. NITELLA MUCRONATA Var. FLABELLATA, Awtz. Lower Saranac Lake. NITELLA ACUMINATA var. GLOMERULIFERA, A. Graun. Lower Saranac Lake. Rare. CHARA coRoNATA, 272. This species, with its semi-transparent stems and branches, desti- tute of cortical incrustation, might at first sight be mistaken for a Nitella. It grows in shallow water in Saranac lake, intermingled with the two preceding species. CHARA FRAGILIS, Desv. Mud Lake, Herkimer county. A small form with long bracts ; sometimes cinerescent. Ouara Farina, A. Braun. (C. vulgaris of authors, in part.) Common, especially in lime- stone regions. Our specimens are from Albany, Schenectady and Herkimer counties. CHARA CONTRARIA, A. Brawn. Cedar Lake, Litchfield, Herkimer county. Much of the bottom of the lake is covered with this and the two preceding species, the plants ranging from a few inches to two or three feet inlength. In no other part of the State have I seen the Char so abundant as in the southern towns of Herkimer county. 56 TWwENTy-SEconD: ANNUAL Report on STATE CABINET. MUSCL SPHAGNUM GIRGENSOHNH, L?ussow. Sphagnous swamps. Common. July. This moss resembles large forms of S. acutifolium. Its branches, however, are gener- ally longer and more distant, the stems thicker, and, when moist, more brittle. When viewed from above in its native swamps it usually presents a more stellate appearance, its five-ranked branches being less condensed at the summit of the stem than they are in that species. I have seen no red specimens, which are so com- mon in S. acutifolium. Its inflorescence is dicecious. A form occurs on the moist rocks of the Adirondack Mountains not unlike S. teres in general appearance. SPHAGNUM WULFIANUM, Girgen. Knolls and slight elevations in sphagnous swamps. Moreau, Saratoga county. E.C. Howe. Sandlake. Sterile. A species easily recognized by its rigid red stems and numerous short branches, those at the summit of the stem being crowded into a dense subglobose head. SpHAGNUM RECURVUM, Beauv. Swamps and bogs. Common. July. This species has been considered by some to be only a variety of S. cuspidatum, but it will probably prove to be a good species. It is not difficult to sepa- rate it from the various forms of S. cuspidatum, its branches being more uniform in length and curvature, and the leaves evenly ranked and considerably recurved. The spores are yellow. SpHaenum Laricinum, Lindbg. Cranberry marsh, Sandlake; its only known locality in this country. August. A variety closely resembling S. cuspidatum. Awnopus ponranus, Bryol. Hurop. Shaded rocks. Little Falls. July. Not yet found elsewhere in this country, but collected by Drummond in British America. It is an extremely small species. PALUDELLA squarRRosa, L. Swamps. Arcadia, Waynecounty. Hankenson. Warren, Her- kimer county. Sterile. Found in British America by Drummond. A very pretty moss—the bright green, recurved-squarrose leaves contrasting beautifully with the dense reddish brown radicular tomentum. Report -oF THE Boranist. 5T AMPHORIDIUM PECKII, Sp. 70U. “ Plantz subunciales, compacte ceespitose, superne flavidulo-virides, inferne rufescentes, tomento radiculari arcte intertexte. Caulis in- novando fastigiato-ramosus. Folia conferta humida erecto-patentia, sicca crispata, *lineari-lanceolata sensim acutissima, supra basim per- brevem ovatam concavam subamplexantem leniter constricta dehine carinato-subeomplicata, margine (ut folii utraque pagina) plus minus minute papilluloso, erecto; costa tereti valida subapicem finiente ; areolatione densa guttulata, cellulis basis mediz oblongis margines versus minoribus quadratis. Flores masculi numerosi, singuli vel ageregati, axillares; antheridiis 5-7, paraphysatis; perigonialibus interioribus superne ‘serrulatis, Flores feminei et fructus desideran- —Sullivant MSS. “In size and general aspect this moss resembles A. lapponicum and A. mougeotiz, but is distinguished by its broader leaf differ- ently areolated, and with a slight but evident constriction above its base.” Sullivant. Under overhanging rocks, Catskill Mountains, Greene county. This moss was found growing in a single patch three or four feet in diameter. The growth is quite dense, “the stems are s! :mple or fas- tigiately branched, mostly about one inch high; the leaves are numerous, closely imbricating, the upper ones yellowish green, the lower ones dull reddish brown, intermingled with a short, close, radicular tomentum, all linear ‘lanceolate, rather abruptly sharp pointed, slightly constricted above the base, more or less minutely papillose, densely areolated, the areole of the middle of the base oblong, towards the margins smaller and quadrate. The foliage is crisped when dry, erect-spreading when moist. It opens under th influence of moisture much more slowly than does that of A. lap- ponicum or of A. mougeotii. When moist the greater density of the foliage and the broader leaves give to the plant an appearance quite distinct from the two closely related species, which appearance enables it to be distinguished from them quite readily without a microscopic examination. Coscinopon puLyinatus, Bryol Europ. Exposed surfaces of rocks. Catskill Mountains. New to this country. The specimens are without fruit, and to that extent the species must remain in doubt. AMBLYODON DEALBATUs, Beauv. Thin soil covering rocks, near Cedarville, Herkimer county. BryuM coNncINNATUM, G7ev. Crevices of rocks. Catskill Mountains. Sterile. Homata Graciiis, James in lit. Sp. nov. Stems slender, irregularly subpinnately branched, prostrate or ascending, bright shining green; branches unequal, more or less [Sen. No. 87. ] 8 58 Twenty-Seconp ANNUAL Report on STATE CABINET. distantly placed, often long-attenuated; leaves unequal, loosely imbricating, ovate-oblong, very obtuse, subapiculate, minutely toothed toward the-apex, the lower margin slightly excavated, incurved ; areolation subrhomboidail, longer i in the middle of the base of the leaf; costa obsolete or none. Fruit wanting. Rocks. Helderberg Mountains. V. Colvin. Sandlake. The stems often appear interruptedly leafy, the leaves being in cer- tain places greatly reduced in size. They are also minute on the attenuated part of the branches. The larger ones are subdistich- ously arranged, and the areolation is rather large. ‘This plant was first discovered by Mr. T. P. James, who has given the very appro- priate specific name under which it is here described. Hypneum scorpromwes, ZL. Marshes. Litchfield, Herkimer county. I believe the discovery of this species in our State belongs to Rev. J. A. Paine, Jr., by whom the locality was made known to me. Puacioruectum TurFAcEuM, Lindbg. Ground and old logs in woods. Fort Edward, E. C. Howe. Warwick Mountains, C. F. Austin. Helderberg Mountains. A species closely resembling P. muhlenbeckii, and possibly run- ning into it, though I have noticed no intermediate forms. It is distinguished by ‘the more narrow elongated areolation of the leaves, and the less enlarged cells at their ‘basal angles. PLAGIOTHECIUM PILIFERUM Var. BREVIPILUM, Bryol Europ. Under overhanging rocks and on thin soil in crevices. Catskill and Adirondack Mountains. Ver y rare. Sterile. It may prove to be a good species. HEPATIC. Ricca suttivantu, Austin in lit. Sp. nov. Frond with air cavities, green both sides, orbicular, 5”—8” ir diameter, repeatedly dichotomously divided, the lacinize oblens linear, plane when moist, channeled above when dr Vy, apices obtuse, bilobed ; upper surface becoming many-pitted with age, especially toward the base; lower surface bearing copious, long filamentous rootlets ; capsule ’single at or near the furcations, burstirg from the oes surface of the frond; spores dark brown, reticulated, about sty Of an inch in diameter. Low grounds in cultivated fields. New Lots, Long Island, Sep- tember. JUNGERMANNIA sETIFoRMS, Lhrh. Rocks. Top of Mt. McIntyre. JUNGERMANIA pivARicata, Lng. Bot. On mosses. Catskill and Adirondack Mountains. Report oF THE Boranist. 59 Rapvta PAuLuens, Vees. Shaded rocks. Catskill Mountains. Sterile. Not common. LICHENS. UsNEA BARBATA var. FLorIpDA, /7. Trees, especially in mountain woods. Common and fertile. UsNEA BARBATA Var. HIRTA, /7, Old rail and board fences. Common, but sterile. UsNEA BARBATA var. DAsypocA, #7, Trees on mountains. Usnea Loneissm™a, Ach. Trees. Adirondack Mountains. This and the preceding species are plentiful in low woods in North Elba, frequently giving a peculiar gray hue to whole tracts of balsam firs, which trees are especially ‘subject to the attacks of these parasites. The opinion is prevalent among the inhabitants that the “gray moss” causes the death of the tree on which it grows. Certainly no thrifty tree can be found with an abundance of these lichens upon it. All thus infested are either dead or apparently dying, the leaves being limited to the mere extremities of the branches. The inference is that the lichens have induced the death or the diseased condition of the tree. It is probable that this is to some extent true, and yet, on the other hand, the death of the tree from other causes affords conditions favorable to the growth of the lichen. The shore of Lake Placid is in some places bor- dered by dead trees loaded with these same species of Usnea. These trees were killed by the inundation of their roots, the water of the lake having been raised by a dam at its outlet, and, so far as can be ascertained, they were destitute of these lichens while living. ALECTORIA JUBATA Var. CHALYBEIFORMIS, Ach. Trees, old fences, and sometimes on rocks. Common, but sterile. ALECTORIA JUBATA var. IMPLEXA, /7. Trees in mountain woods. Adirondack Mountains. Sterile. EveErnNIA PRUNASTRI, Ach. Trees and old fences. Fertile specimens were found on trees and on shrubs in a swamp, Catskill Mountains. Evernia FurFURACEA, Jann. Trees in wodds. Common. 60 TweEnty-Sreconp ANNUAL Report on State CABrnet. EviERNIA FURFURACEA var. CLADONIA, 7'uck. Trees. Catskill and Adirondack Mountains. Sterile. RAMALINA CALICARIS Var. FASTIGIATA, 7. Trunks and branches of trees, shrubs and old fences. Very common. RaAMALINA CALICARIS Var. FARINACEA, Schaer. Rocks; sometimes on trees. Sterile. RAMALINA CALCARIS var. INFLATA, Zuck. Trunks of pine trees. Saranac Lake. CETRARIA ACULEATA, F7. Summit of Mt. Whiteface. Sterile. CETRARIA ISLANDICA, Ach. Tops of the high peaks of the Adirondack Mountains. Edible. This is the well-known “‘/celand moss,” a nutritious, and, in some northern regions, almost a necessary article of food for both man and beast. : CETRARIA cucuLLATA, Ach. Summit of Mount Whiteface. CErrRARIA CILIARIS, Ach. Trunks and branches of coniferous trees, old fences, ete. Very common. CETRARIA LAcunosA, Ach. Coniferous trees, dead branches and old rails. Common in moun- tainous regions. CETRARIA OAKESIANA, Z'uch. Trees. Catskill Mountains. NEpPHROMA ARcTicuUM, /7. Rocks. Adirondack Mountains. A northern species, as its name implies, which will hardly be found south of the Adirondack region. NeEpHroma ToMENTOsUM, Aw7b. Granite rocks and boulders. Sandlake. NeEpHROMA HELVETICUM, Ach. Rocks. Sandlake and Catskill Mountains. Report oF THE Boranist. 61 NeEPHROMA L&viIcATuM, Ach. Granite rocks. Sandlake and Adirondack Mountains. NEPHROMA LEVIGATUM var. PAPYRACEUM, Schaer. Trees in swamps. Near Jordanville, Herkimer county. Sororma saccata, Ach. Limestone rocks among mosses. Helderberg Mountains. PertticersA aputuosa, [offm. Shaded mossy banks, ground and old logs in woods. Extremely common, and easily known by the wart like spots on the thallus. PrvtigeRA cantina, [Hoffm. Ground, rocks and old logs in woods. Very common. A small form occurs on the dry, sandy barrens between Albany and Sche- nectady. PrxticerA potypactyLa, Loffm. Rocks and old logs in woods, especially in mountainous districts. Not rare. PELTIGERA HORIZONTALIS, [/offm. Rocks and decaying wood in hilly or mountainous districts. Sand- lake, Helderberg and Catskill Mountains. a: large form ‘with crisped margins and under surface uniformly dark brown, except toward the margin, which is whitish, occurs in mountain swamps. Summit Lake. SricrA PULMONARIA, Ach. Trunks of deciduous trees and on rocks. Fertile specimens have been seen by me only on trees in the woods of the Catskill and the Adirondack Mountains. In the former locality specimens were found with a curiously morbid state of the apothecia. These were scattered abundantly over the upper surface of the thallus and sparingly over the under surface, and had a black disk. The Lungwort lichen once was held in considerable repute as a remedy in pulmonary complaints, and is used to some extent at the present time. It is also said to have been used as food. Sricra GLOMERULIFERA, Delise. Trunks of deciduous trees, sometimes on rocks. Very common in woods, and fruits abundantly. Sricra QuErcizAns, Ach. Granite rocks. Sandlake. Sterile. 62 Twenty-Seconp AnNUAL Report on STATE CABrnet. Sricra sytvatica, Ach. Red sandstone rocks among mosses. Catskill Mountains. Sterile. An extremely rare species. PARMELIA PERLATA, Ach. Trunks of trees and granite rocks. Common. PARMELIA PERLATA Var. OLIVETORUM, Ach. Exposed granite rocks. Sterile. ParMetia crinita, Ach. Trees. Sandlake. Sterile. ParMELia TILIACEA, Ach. Trunks of trees, rarely on old fences. Common. PaARMELIA SAXxATILis, Ach. Trees and old fences. Common. PARMELIA PHYSODES var. ENTEROMORPHA, Zuckh. Trunks of trees in mountain woods. . ParMELIA PERTUSA, Schaer. Trees. Sandlake. Sterile. PARMELIA OLIVACEA, Ach. Trunks of trees. Common. ParMeE.ia styGia, Ach. ‘ Granite rocks. Top of Mount Whiteface. : PARMELIA CAPERATA, Ach. Trunks of trees. Common, but sterile. PARMELIA CoNSPERSA, Ach. Rocks and boulders. Common everywhere, and fruits abund- antly. ParRMELIA BoRRERI, Zurn. Fort Edward, Howe. THELOSCHISTES PARTETINUS, LVorm. Trunks of willow and ailanthus trees, also on old fences. Green- port, L. I. THELOSCHISTES PARIETINUS var. PoLYcARPts, /7. Trunks and branches of trees in exposed places. Often asso- ciated with Physcia stellaris on apple and willow trees. Common. Report oF THE Boranist. 63 THELOSCHISTES CHRYsoPpHTHALMUS, Zh. 7. Trunks of trees. Greenport. PuyscrA steviaris, Wadllr. Trunks and branches of trees, rocks, stone walls, ete. Very common and variable. PuHyYscIA STELLARIS var. TRIBRACIA, /7. Trunks of juniper, also on stones. Not rare. Puyscra AQUILA var. DETONSA, Tuck, Mossy rocks and about the base of trees. Common. PHYSCIA PULVERULENTA, /?. Rocks. Catskill Mountains. Sterile. Puyscra speciosa, Ach. Trunks of trees. Jordanville. PHYScIA SPECIOSA var. LEUCOMELA, Zschw. Trees, mostly in swamps and mountain woods, Sterile. PuysciaA CasIA var. ANGUsTIOR, /7. Rocks. Catskill Mountains. Puyscra opscura, WV7l. Trunks of trees in woods. Sandlake. PiryscrA OBSCURA, var. ERYTHROCORDIA, Tuck. Rocks. Catskill Mountains. PyxinE cocors var. sorepraTa, Zuck. Rocks and trunks of trees. Sandlake and Adirondack Moun- tains. PANNARIA LANUGINOSA, AcA. Rocks. Common on mountains and rocky precipices. Without apothecia, and frequently a mere greyish pulverulent mass. PANNARIA MICROPHYLLA, Jass. Rocks. Bethlehem, Albany county. Pracoprum avrantiacum, Lightf. Old fences. Bethlehem. ‘ 64 Twenty-Seconp AnnuAL Report on Srare Caprnet. PLACODIUM AURANTIACUM Var. FLAVOVIRESCENS, /7. Rocks. Troy. PrLacopium CINNABARINUM, Anz. Fort Edward. Howe. Priacopium rupestre, 7'uck. Rocks. Helderberg Mountains. Lrecanora PALLEscEeNns, Scher. Trunks of trees. Common. Lecanora patiipa, Scher. Trunks of trees. Notrare. _LECANORA TARTAREA, Ach. Rocks and trunks of trees. Common in hilly and mountainous districts. The “ Cudbear” of commerce, so freely used for color- ing purposes. LECANORA TARTAREA var. FRIGIDA, Ach. Incrusting mosses. Top of Mount McIntyre. Lecanora susprusca, Ach. Trunks of trees in woods. Very common and quite variable in appearance. LEcANORA VARIA, Ach. Trees and old fences. Common. LECANORA ELATINA var. ocHRoPH#HA, Z'uck. Trunks of balsam tirsin mountain woods. Mt. Whiteface. Lecanora muratis, Scher. (L. saxicola, of authors.) Rocks. Catskill Mountains. LECANORA CINEREA, /7. Rocks. At a little distance this lichen causes the surface of the rock, on which it grows plentifully, to appear as if bruised or in- dented by frequent blows of a large hammer. Specimens trom the red sandstone of the Catskill Mountains have to some extent the color of those rocks. ; LEcANORA ATRA, Ach. Granite rocks. Poestenkill, Rensselaer county. Report or THE Boranist. 65 UrcEoLARIA scruposa, Ach. Rocks. Common. GyYALEcTA LUTEA, Tuck. | Trees. Jordanville. Lecipra conticaua, J. Rocks. Common. LxciDEA CONTIGUA var. ALBO-c@RULESsCcENS, /Vyl. Rocks. Bethlehem. Less common. Lecmra ENTEROLEUCA, 7. Trunks of trees. Catskill Mountains. LEcIDEA SANGUINARIA, Ach. Balsam firs. Mt. Whiteface. BuetiiA PARASEMA, A@rb. Trunks of trees in woods. Very common. Buerxia LActea, Aerd. Rocks. Bethlehem. Buewiia PeTR@HA, Tuck. Rocks. With the preceding and apparently more common. Bueiii1a myriocarpa, Z'uch. Board fences. Bethlehem. BraroraA ATRoPURPUREA, Z'uck. Trunks of trees in mountain woods. Not rare. BratrorA RuFO-NIGRA, Tuck. Rocks. Bethlehem and Catskill Mountains. BIATORA SANGUINEO-ATRA, J. Ground and mosses in mountainous districts. Helderberg Mountains. Brarora cHtorantHa, Zuch. Trunks of trees. Catskill Mountains. BraToRA vIRIDESCENS, L7. Rotten wood and ground. Not rare. [Sen. No. 87.] 9 66 Twenty-Seconp AnnuUAL Report on Stare CABIner. BraToRA VERNALIS, /7. Trunks of trees and incrusting mosses. Catskill Mountains and North Elba. BIaToRA RUBELLA, Tuck. Trees. Fort Edward. Howe. Bxomyces «rvuerinosus, DC. (Biatora cemadophila, Auct.) Rotten wood and earth in woods. Near Summit Lake, Otsego county. Baomycrs ERIcETORUM, DC. Ground in woods. Sandlake. Pitopyoron Fisuta, Tuck. Rocks. North Elba. STEREOCAULON PASCHALE, Ach. Rocks on mountains. Catskill and Adirondack Mountains. STEREOCAULON TOMENTOSUM, 7. Rocks and thin soil in rocky places. Adirondack Mountains. Ciaponra casprticia, 7. Rocks. North Greenbush. Ciaponia pyxipata, /7. Rocky ground. Very common. CLADONIA PYXIDATA var. SYMPHICARPA, 7. Catskill Mountains. CLADONIA GRACILIS, 7. Rocky ground. Extremely common and variable. CLADONIA GRACILIS var. HyBRIDA, /7. Rocks and old logs. Catskill and Helderberg Mountains. CLADONIA GRACILIS var. ELONGATA, J. Ground. High peaks of the Adirondack Mountains. CLADONIA GRACILIS var. TAURICA, Awct. Summit of Mount Whiteface. CLADONIA DEGENERANS var. caRIosa, J/7. Dry sandy soil, near West Albany. Report oF tHE Boranist. 67 CLADONIA FIMBRIATA, /7. Rocky soil. Saranac Lake. CLADONIA FIMBRIATA var. ADSPERSA, Z'uckh. Ground. West Albany and Helderberg Mountains. Ciaponta squamosa, Hoffm. Rocky, mossy ground. Very common. CLADONIA SQUAMOSA Var. DELICATA, 7. Rotten logs. Sandlake. CiLaponia FurcATA, /7. Rocky ground. Common and variable. CLADONIA FURCATA var. RACEMosA, 7. Ground and old logs in woods. ‘ CLADONIA FURCATA var. sUBULATA, //7. Rocky ground. Catskill Mountains. CLADONIA RANGIFERINA, S/offm. Ground and thin soil covering rocks. Very common. CLADONIA RANGIFERINA var. SYLvATica, 7. With the typical form. CLADONIA RANGIFERINA var. ALPESTRIS, /’7. Ground. Bethlehem and Adirondack Mountains. The “ Levndeer moss” is one of the most useful of lichens, and has long been famous as the food of the animal whose name it bears. CLADONIA UNCIALIS var. TURGESCENS, /7. Ground. Top of Mount Whiteface. CrLapontA mitRuLA, Zeck. Ground. Near Greenwood Cemetery, L. I. CLADONIA CoRNUCoPIOIDES, 7. Rocky soil in exposed places. Adirondack and Catskill Moun- tains. CLADONIA CRISTATELLA, Z'uckh. Ground, rotten logs and stumps. Common in hilly and moun- tainous districts. 68 TwEnty-SEconD ANNUAL Report on STATE CABINET. > UMBILICARIA PUSTULATA var. pAPULOSA, Z'uch. Rocks. Not rare on mountains, UmpiricariA proposcipEA, DC, Rocks. Mount Whiteface. UmpinicaRIA MUHLENBERGH, Tuck. . Rocks. Sandlake and Catskill Mountains. UmpinicarRiA uirsuta, Ach, Rocks. Catskill Mountains. UmpinicariA pintent, Z'uch. Rocks in mountainous districts. Common but sterile. GRAPHIS scripTA, Ach. Bark of trees. Very common and variable. OPrEGRAPHA VARIA, Pers. Trees. Fort Edward. Howe. ContocyBE PALLIDA, /7. Bark of oak trees. Fort Edward. Howe. Very rare. To Dr. Howe belongs the discovery of this species in our State. ENDOCARPON MINIATUM Var. MUHLENBERGH, V7. Fort Edward. Howe. PERTUSARIA PERTUSA, Ach. Trees. Common. PERTUSARIA PERTUSA Var. AREOLATA, /7. Rocks, especially on mountains. Pertusaria veLAtTA, Vy. Trees: sometimes on rocks. Common. PERTUSARIA VELATA var. MuLTIPUNCTA, JV7/l. Trees in woods. PERTUSARIA WULFENII, Dec. Trees. Catskill Mountains. PERTUSARIA GLOBULARIS, Ach. Incrusting twigs and mosses. Catskill Mountains. 2) Report or tHE Borantst 6 ConoTREMA uRcEOLATUM, Tuck. Trees in woods. Common. PyrenuLa niripa, Ach. Trees in woods. Common. TRYPETHELIUM VIRENS, Zwck. Bark of trees. Catskill Mountains. CoLLEMA FLAccIDUM, Ach. Rocks. Sandlake. CoLLEMA NIGRESCENS, Ach. Trees. Catskill and Adirondack Mountains. CoLtLEMA RyssoLtEum, Zuch. : Rocks. Catskill Mountains. LEproGIuM TREMELLoIDES, /7. Rocks. Catskill Mountains. LEPTOGIUM LACERUM. /7. Mossy rocks. Common. Leprogium cHLtoroMELtM, Vyl. Rocks and trunks of trees. Catskill Mountains. Lrprogium saturNinum, Vy. Rocks and trunks of trees. Common but sterile. ALG. SARGASSUM VULGARE, Ag. Pebbles and small stones near low-water mark. Peconic Bay, at Greenport. SarGAssuM MoNTAGNEI, Bail. With the preceding. Also near Orient. SARGASSUM BACCIFERUM, Ag. Glencove, L. I. G. B. Brainerd. This is the famous “ Gulf weed” of the ocean, and its occurrence in our waters is interesting. Fucus noposus, Z. Rocks between tide marks. Found on almost all the rocky shores of Long Island and Staten Island ; especially abundant near College Point. 70. TweEnty-SEconpD ANNUAL Report on STATE CABINET. Fucus vescicutosus, Z. Same range as the preceding species, and quite as plentiful. These two species may be found on almost any part of our coast, growing freely on the rocky shores and cast up by the tide on the sandy ones. The inhabitants of some parts of Long Island use these plants, with Zostera and other rejectamenta of the sea, as fer- tilizers of the soil. Focus ceranores, Z. Bay Ridge, L. Is. Brainerd. The specimens are sterile, and the species must remain, to some extent, in doubt. Fucus scorrtowess, 77. Dan. Left by the tide. Fort Hamilton and Canarsie Bay. CLADOSTEPHUS sPoNGIosUS, Ag. Floating. Orient Point. Brainerd. October. ASsPEROCOCCUS ECHINATUS, (7ev. Stones between tide marks. Flushing. Brainerd. May. DicryostIPHON FENICULACEUs, 7ev. Canarsie Bay. Brainerd. June. SrILOPHORA RHIZODES, -/. Ag. Thrown up by waves and tide. Greenport and Orient Point. September. DesMARESTIA VirIDIS, Lamour. Low tide. College Point. June. This species has a peculiar property, causing the rapid decomposition of red algee that may be placed in a vessel with it. CHORDARIA FLAGELLIFORMIS, Ag. Thrown up by the tide. Orient Point. September. CHORDARIA DIVARICATA, Ag. On Leathesia tuberiformis and other seaweeds. Coney Island. June. MEsOGLOIA VERMICULARIS, Ag.? Ground between tide marks. Canarsie Bay. Brainerd. July. Though apparently this species, a cross section of the frond reveals the structure of Chordaria. Cuorpa FituM, Stach. Rocks near low-water mark and extending into deep water. Orient Point. September. Report oF THE Boranist. ve. LEATHESIA TUBERIFORMIS, ('7ay. Thrown up by the tide. Coney Island and Canarsie Bay. Junee Ecrocarpus viripis, Harv. Coney Island and Canarsie Bay. June. Ecrocarrus trrrorauis, Lyngb. Fort Hamilton and Canarsie Bay. June. Ecrocarrus purKEEI, /Zarv. Peconic Bay. Greenport. Mrs. M. A. Bush. September. Laminaria Fascta, Ag. Rocks, woodwork of docks, ete. Common. LAMINARIA SACCHARINA, Lamour. Thrown up from deep water in great abundance at Orient Point. September. It varies exceedingly in size, some specimens having been reported to me as being thirty feet. in length. A singular form was picked up at College Point in June. The frond, which is about three feet long and three inches broad, divides toward the apex into two equal branches, each about eight inches long and one and a half inches broad, slightly incurved and truneate at the apex. PUNCTARIA LATIFOLIA, Grev. Floating in Canarsie Bay. June. PUNCTARIA TENUISSIMA, (rev. On wild grass, ete. Coney Island. Brainerd. April. CHONDRIA DASYPHYLLA, Ag. Floating. Greenport. September. CHonpRIA BAILEYANA, Mont. Stones near low-water mark. Fort Hamilton. September. CHONDRIA TENUISSIMA, Ag. Floating. College Point. September. Fort Hamilton. F. Lowry. GELIDIUM corNEUM, Lamour. Rocks. Fort Hamilton. September. PotystpHontA Formosa, Suhr. Floating. Flushing, Bay Ridge and Red Hook. Brainerd. Feb- ruary, April and May. 72 TwENTy-sEcoND ANNUAL Report on StatTE CABINET. Potysreponra suptinissmma, Dont. b] s. On Zostera, old shells, ete. Greenport. September. Porysipnonta oLneyt, /arv. Floating. Bay Ridge. September. Greenport. Mrs. Bush. Porystenonta HARVEYI, Bail. Floating. Abundant at Greenport. September. PoLysIPHONIA FIBRILLOSA, G7ev. Greenport. Mrs. Bush. September. PoLysIPHONIA VARIEGATA, Ag. Thrown up by the tide in many places. Bay Ridge, Astoria, College Point, Greenport, etc. Very common and variable. Sep- tember. PoLysIPHONIA NIGRESCENS, (rev Rockaway Inlet and New York Harbor. Brainerd. College Point. June. > PPP > PP b> PPP b> bbb bb bbb bbb bb bbb 40 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. Agaricus leoninus Scheff., rhodopolius #7. strictior Peck. serrulatus A. Prunulus Scop. Noveboracensis Peck. adiposus Batsch. temnophyllus Peck. a Berk. allianus Peck. autumnalis Peck. vernalis Pech. Lignicola Peck. scorpioides #7. semiorbicularis Budd. fulvus Peck. lateritius 77. tener Scheff. ovalis 7. Hypnorum Batsch. Sphagnorum Pers. rimosus Bull. lacerus Fr. geophyllus Sow. sarcophyllus Peck. flocculosus Berk. subochraceus Peck. campestris L. Silvicola Viéé. Johnsonianus Peck. Hornemanni #7. stercorarius A’. semiglobatus PBatsch. per plexus Peck, velutinus Pers. cernuus Wall. spadiceus Scheff. semilanceolatus /’r. solidipes Peck. campanulatus LZ. papilonaceus Bu. retirugis Batsch. Fimicola 7’. gracilis fr. atomatus 7. disseminatus Pers. sulfureoides Peck. serotinoides Peck. oprinus tomentosus #7. niveus 7. micaceus /7. ephemerus /7. bEPPPPPbP PE PEPE PEPE E PB RE EE EEE P EEE EE eee aaag curvo-marginatus Peck Coprinus plicatilis Ar. Cortinarius caperatus 7. communis Peck. luteo-fuscus Peck. coloratus Peck. collinitus 7. tricolor Peck. autumnalis Peck. Catskillensis Peck. ochraceus Peck. squamulosus Peck. violaceus 4”. albo-violaceus AY. argentatus Fr. cinnamomeus FY. sanguineus A’. armillatus 7’. distans Peck. biformis 7”. castaneoides Peck. castaneus Ball. vernalis Peck. pratensis Pers. conicus Scop. congelatus Peck. Cantharellus Schw. nitidus B. & C. ussula foetens Fr. nitida FA’. decolorans F’. antharellus cibarius 77. minor Peck. lutescens Fr. infundibuliformis 77. aurantiacus F’. floccosus Schw. dichotomus Peck. actarius torminosus /7. affinis Peck. uvidus F7. pyrogalus 7. plumbeus ic piperatus A. sordidus Peck. platyphyllus Peck. chrysorheus £7. deliciosus /7. volemus /7. eae Ia tate maaaae Goss Ss distans Peck. subdulcis 7’. camphoratus #7. fo yer ophorus chrysodon Bat. subtomentosus B. & R. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. Lactarius rufus 7. L. griseus Peck. L. elyciosmus #7. Marasmius oreades /’7. M. plancus #7. M. velutipes B. & C. M. Rotula 47. M. androsaceus F'7. M. scorodonius /7. M. campanulatus Peck. M. subvenosus Peck. Lentinus lepideus 47. ie cochleatus Fr. Boletus edulis Budd. luteus £7. flavidus /’7r. collinitus #7. albus Peck. Clintonianus Peck. Elbensis Peck. pictus Peck. spectabilis Peck. scaber Bull. auriporus Peck. retipes B. & C. subtomentosus LZ, paluster Pech. vermiculosus Peck. strobilaceus Scop. Sistotrema F7. Dzedalea confr agosa Bolt. Favolus Europzeus 77. Polyporus salicinus #7. BP. ulmarius F7. Hydnum imbricatum Z. H. repandum JZ. Lenzites Crategi Berk. Thelephora pallida Sehw. LY. laciniata Fr. ba od td od od dd od Stereum corrugatum Berk. Exidia cinnabarina B. & C. Tulostoma fimbriatum 7’. Lycoperdon celatum Bull. by: giganteum Batsch. Geaster saccatus #7. Aithalium septicum /7. Leocarpus vernicosus Lh. Didymium cinereum /7. Stemonitis oblonga Fr. Diachea elegans Fr. Arcyria digitata Schw. Trichia clavata Pers. [Assem. No. 1338.] 6 4) Leptostroma litigiosum Desm. i; filicinum 47. Diplodia Mori Berk. Spheronema Spina B. & C. Spheeropsis insignis B. & C. Se Liriodendri B. & C. Rubi B. & C. Vitis B. & C. fEnothere B. & C. destruens Desm. sanguinea Desi. viride-tingens Curt. Stilbospora magna Berk. 8. pyriformis Hoff. AP PLL Septonema spilomeum Lerk. Spilocea Pomi /’7. Coniothecium toruloideum. Aregma mucronatum #7. Puccinia Cryptoteeniee Peck. Circeeee Pers. aculeata Sch. Helianthi Schw. Xanthii Schw. solida Schw. Graminis DC. coronata Cd. Violarum Lk. Compositarum Sché. Tiarelle B. & C. Asteris Schw. mesomajalis B. & C. Umbelliferarum DC. Anemones Pers. acuminata P/. Podisoma macr opus Schw. Uredo Rubigo vera Lev. caricina IDG. Azalese Schw. epitea /z. Vacciniorum Pers. Potentillarum DC. Filicum Desm. pustulata Pers. Cheerophylli Scho. Cichoracearum Lev. Trichobasis Howei Peck. Lecythea ovata Strauss. L. cylindrica Strauss. Ibe gyrosa Berk. Uromyces apiculosa Lev. macrospora B. & C. U.. Limonii Zev. ae ie ones ean leleleleele elec 42 Polycystis Ranunculacearum. Ravenelia glanduliformis. Triphragmium clavellosum Bh. AKcidium Podophylli Schw. Epilobii DC. nothere Peck. Ranunculi Schw. Geranii DC. Impatientis Schw. Viole DC. Aroidatum Schw. quadrifidum DC. Claytoniatum Schw. Compositarum dart. pustulatum Curt. Fraxini Schw. Orobi DC. Limonii Peck. Myricatum Scho. ; macrosporum Peck. Cystopus candidus Lee. Llosporium carneum #7. Sporocybe Persice #7. Helminthosporium Tiara. macrocarpon G7év. Cladosporium herbarum Lh. Macrosporium Cheiranthi 47. Botrytis Viticola B. & C. Streptothrix atra B. & C. Fusisporium miniatum B. & C. Helvella esculenta ZL. HH. Infula Scheff. Mitrula paludosa /7. Leotia lubrica Pers, Peziza cochleata ZL. coccinea Jacq. nigrella Pers. floccosa Schw. anomala Pers. virginea Batsch. aurantia Fr. By Z Be BB Ba BB BBB BB ores cyathoidea Bull. P P iP. B: ie Ascobolus conglomeratus Schw. TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. Sphinctrina turbinata 77. Tympanis picastra B. & C. Glonium stellatum J/whl. Hysterium vulvatum Scho. H. Fraxini Pers. ' ia Rubi Pers. 3 Cordyceps militaris 77. : purpurea £7. Hypocrea lateritia 4’. Rhizina undulata 77. Hypoxylon multiforme #7. Clypeus Scho. Diatrype virescens Schw. ius Durizi Jont. D. haustellata 7’. Bulgaria rufa Schw. Melogramma Quercuum /7. Nectria cucurbitula 47. Spheeria aquila 47. : elongata Fr. confluens #7. doliolum Pers. Spraguei B. & C. pertusa Pers. fimbriata Pers. morbosa Sch. Graminis Pers. epazea Kaimicola Scho. Pyrole #7. Fraxinicola Curt. : Smilacicola Schw. Dothidea Robertiani 47. Massaria vomitoria B. & C. Ascospora Podophylli Curt. Erysiphe fuscata B. & C. E.- — lamprocarpa Leo. E. communis Sch. Microspheeria Syringe /7. M. Vaccinil Peck. Uncinula adunca Lev. Phyllactinia guttata Leo. Eurotium herbariorum Lk. PANNA Mth tn SI REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 43 (4.) LIST OF PLANTS FOUND ON Coptis trifolia Salisd. Arenaria Grenlandica Spreng. Oxalis Acetosella ZL. Potentilla tridentata Adz. Rubus strigosus Miche. Pyrus Americana DC. Spireea salicifolia L. Epilobium angustifolium Z. Cornus Canadensis Z. Linnea borealis Gono. Houstonia cerulea L. Solidago thyrsoidea A/eyer. =e Virga-aurea L. Nabalus nanus DC. Vaccinium uliginosum L. VE Pennsylvanicum Lam. Chiogenes hispidula 7. & G. Cassandra calyculata Z. Kalmia glauca A7é. Rhododendr on Lapponicum W. Ledum latifolium A7z. Rhinanthus Crista-galli Z. Melampyrum Americanum J/z. Diapensia Lapponica Z. Gentiana Sap. var. linearis Gr. Empetrum nigrum ZL. Betula clandulosa Michz. B. papyracea Ait. Alnus viridis DC. Salix Cutleri Tuck. Abies balsamea Marshall. Juniperus communis LZ. Habenaria dilatata Gray. Veratrum viride Ait. Streptopus amplexifolius DC. Clintonia borealis Raf. Luzula parviflora Des. Juncus trifidus Z. Scirpus czespitosus LZ. Eriophorum vaginatum Z. Carex scirpoidea Jichz. C. vitilis #7. ' C. Bigelovii Torr. Agrostis canina LZ. Calamagrostis Canadensis Bo. C. Pickering’ ii Gray. Stipa Richardsonii Lk. Fa oe iD. THE EXPOSED SUMMIT OF MT. MARCY. Poa laxa Henke. Aira flexuosa Z. Hierochloa alpina BR. & 8. Lycopodium Selago Z. di annotinum L. Ts clavatum JL. Sphagnum cymbifolium Hhzrh. Ss. acutifolium Hhrh. S. sedoides Brid. 8. Pylesii Brid. Andreea petrophila Hhrh. Arctoa fulvella Bry. Hur. Dicranum polycarpum Zirh. Blyttii Bry. Hur. D. scoparium ZL. : elongatum Schewaegr. DD: congestum Brid. Fissidens osmundioides Hedw. Ceratodon purpureus Brid. Barbula tortuosa W. & J. Grimmia ovata W. & W. Schistidium confertum 47.& Sch. Racomitrium fasciculare brid. R. microcarpum brid. Conostomum boreale Swartz. Bryum nutans Schreb. Aulacomnion turgidum Schgr. Pogonatum alpinum rid. Polytrichum juniperinum Hed. P. jun.var.alpestre Bry. Hur Myurella julacea Bry. Hur. Ae as splendens Hed. umbratum Hhrh. recurvans Schwaegr. Schreberi Willd. sarmentosum Wahl. Crista-castrensis ZL. rugosum Hzrh. ung ermannia trichophylla Z. connivens Dicks. barb. va7.attenuata Mart. scutata Web. Taylori Hook. obtusifolia Hook. Scapania nemorosa JVees. Sarcoscyphus Ehrharti Corda. Ptilidium ciliare JVees. 44 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. Mastigobryum deflexum JVees. Alectoria jubata Ach. Evernia furf. var. Cladonie 7k. Cetraria islandica Ach. C. ciliaris Ach. oe nivalis 7. Parmelia conspersa Ach. i: saxatilis Ach. P: stygia Ach. as physodes Ach. Lecanora tart. var. frigida Ach. Beomyces eruginosus DC. Stereocaulon paschale Ach. Cladonia pyxidata /’7. Cladonia gracilis #7. (5 NAMES OF CONTRIBUTORS, WITH THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS. Cladonia g. var. elongata Fr. g. var. taurica #7. C amaurocrea £7. C uncialis F7. C rangiferina Hoffm. C. r. var. alpestre FT. C. cornucopioides L. C B B sic : cristatella Zwck. uellia geographica Scher. : lactea Aerob. B: petrea Tuck. Umbilcaria proboscidea DC. Agaricus Hypnorum Batsch. AL umbelliferus ZL. -) Mrs. E. E. Atwater, Chicago, Il. Dianthus Armeria Z. Achillea Millefolium JZ. Anemone pat.v. Nuttalliana G7. | Sabbatia stellaris Pursh. Dalibarda repens L. Spiranthes gram. v. Walteri G7. Hon. G. W. Cuinton, Buffalo, N. Y. Aquilegia vulgaris L. Nymphea minor DC. N. tuberosa Paine. Alyssum calycinum JL. Sisymbrium canescens JVwiz. Lepidium ruderale Z. Reseda alba Z. Raphanus sativus L. Dianthus Armeria ZL. Lychnis vespertina Sith. Silene Armeria L. Malva Alcea Z. M. moschata Z. Altheea rosea Cav. mx, ficifolia Cao. Oxalis corniculata Z. Saxifraga aizoides Z. Sedum ternatum Micha. Trifolium procumbens ZL. Prunus Americana Marshall. Prunus Mahaleb JZ. Ee Virginiana Z. lie Padus 72 Rosa setigera Michz. R. micrantha Smith. Coriandrum sativum JZ. Anethum graveolens Z. Ae feeniculum JZ. Aster azureus Lind. Solidago Houghtonii 7. & G. 'Matricaria Chamomilla Z. | M. Parthenium JZ. | Lampsana communis Z. Tragopogon porrifolius Z. Lactuca sativa Z. Cirsium altissimum Spreng. Campanula rapunculoides ZL. Thymus Serpyllum JZ. j Hyssopus officinalis Z. Phlox paniculata L. ‘ —S or REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. Cuscuta inflexa Hngeli. Vinca minor L. Gentiana Andrewsii Griseb. Chenopodium album Z. C. murale L. Corispermum hyssopifolium JZ. Spinacea oleracea J/iU1. Roubieva multifida Mogwin. Atriplex patula Z. Amarantus spinosus L. A. hypochondriacus Z. Polygonum orientale Z. 2. lapathifolinm )’ broad, irregular, with a slight blunt point or umbo at the apex ; pedicel very short. Under surface of leaves of Cryptotenia Canadensis. North Greenbush. June. PuccintiA UMBELLIFERARUM DC. Leaves of various umbelliferous plants. North Greenbush. June. New to this country. Puccinia Circ&z Pers. Leaves of Circaa Lutetiana and C. alpina. Common. August. - Pucoinra HEL1ANTHI Scho. Leaves of Helianthus divaricatus. Albany. September. Puccinia XANTHII Schw. Leaves of the cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium. West Albany. September. Puccrnia VIOLARUM Lk. Leaves of violets. West Albany. September. ‘PuccrnrtA ComposiTarRuM Schl. Leaves of Canada thistle, Cirsiwm arvense. Sandlake. August. Puccitn1A TIARELLA B. & C. Leaves of Tiarella cordifolia. Sandlake and North Elba. August and September. . PucciniA ASTERIS Schw. Leaves of various species of Aster. Sandlake and North Elba. July and August. PucciniA ANEMONES Pe7s. Leaves of Anemone nemorosa and Thalictrum Cornutt. Greenbush and Center. May—August. PUCCINIA CORONATA Corda. Leaves of oats. North Greenbush. July. PuOCCINIA MESOMAJALIS B. & C. Leaves of Clintonia borealis. North Elba. August. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 57 PuccIn1A PECKIANA Howe n. sp. Spots small, concealed by the tomentum of the leaf, yellow- ish and confluent on the opposite side ; spore clusters small, scattered plentifully over the lower surface of the leaf, partly concealed by its tomentum; spores broadly elliptical, rarely subpyriform, scarcely constricted in the middle, brown, 54,’ to 34,’ long, ,s5y’ broad, pedicel short, separable. On leaves of cultivated Rubus occidentalis. New Balti- more. August. ove. Many of the spores, when scraped from the leaf and placed under the microscope, will be seen to have no pedicel, or only a slight remnant of one ; others not yet mature have it entire. PUCCINIA ACUMINATA 7%. Sp. Spots orbicular, purplish; spore clusters confiuent, the larger ones forming a circle about a free central space, sur- rounded by the ruptured epidermis of the leaf; spores oblong, constricted in the middle, pointed at the apex ; pedicel shorter than, or equaling the spore, which is 54,’ or more in length, and about;;4,’ broad. On the lower surface of leaves of Cornus Canadensis. Sandlake and North Elba. August. The acumination at the apex of the spore is often oblique, sometimes very abrupt and short, sometimes quite long and almost beak-like. Related to P. Waldsteinie, PopDISOMA MACROPUS Schw. Branches of Juniperus Virginiana. Helderberg Mts. and Bethlehem. May. UREDO AZALEZE Schw. Leaves of Azalea nudifiora. Sandlake. Aucust. UreEepo VaccrniorumM Johnst. Leaves of Vacciniwm corymbosum. New Baltimore. Howe. West Albany. September. Urepo ArI-Vireinici Schw. Leaves of Arisema triphyllum and Peltandra Virginica. Common. July. UrREDO CH#ROPHYLLII Schw. Leaves of sweet cicely, Osmorrhiza brevistylis. N. Green- bush and Guilderland. June and July. UREDO CICHORACEARUM Lev. Leaves of dandelion, Zaraxacuwm Dens-leonis. New Balti- more. owe. Greenbush. May-—August. [Assem. No. 133.] 8 58 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. UreEpvo Finicum Desm. On ferns. North Elba. August. UREDO PUSTULATA Pers. Leaves of Hpilobium hirsutum. Albany. September. TRICHOBASIS HOWEI 72. sp. Spore clusters scattered or subconfluent, hypogenous, sur- rounded by the ruptured epidermis, from one-half to one line in diameter ; spores brown, subglobose, roughened with slight indentations, 75,’ — ayy’ IN diameter. . On leaves of the milkweed, Asclepias Cornuti. North Green- bush. September. The spore clusters are sometimes sparingly, sometimes profusely scattered over the under surface of the leaf, or over apart of it. The spores are sometimes a little longer than broad, sometimes subpyriform, and occasionally furnished with a slight pedicel. LECYTHEA OVATA Strauss. Leaves of Populus grandidentata. Greenbush. September. LECYTHEA CYLINDRICA Sfrauss, Leaves of Populus monilifera. Albany. September. LECYTHEA GYROSA Berk. On the upper surface of leaves of Rubus hispidus. Sandlake. August. UroMYcES MACROSPORA B. & C. Leaves of Lespedeza capitata. Albany. September. Uromyces Limonit Lev. Leaves of sea lavender, Statice Limonium. Greenport. July. PoLYCYSTIS RANUNCULACEARUM Desm. Leaves of the liverwort, Hepatica acutiloba, and of Anemone Pennsylvanica. Helderberg Mts. and Greenbush. May and June. New to this country. RAVENELIA GLANDULIFORMIS B. & C. Leaves and stems of Tephrosia Virginiana. Center. October. ZXcrpium Epriopi DC. Leaves of the evening primrose, Gnothera biennis. West Albany. July. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 59 ZACIDIUM AROIDATUM Schw. Leaves of Indian turnip, Arvisema triphyllum. Common. June. : ZAKCIDIUM CLAYTONIATUM Schw. Leaves of the Spring beauty, Claytonia Caroliniana. Know- ersville. May. AKACIDIUM QUADRIFIDUM DC. Radical leaves of the wind flower, Anemone nemorosa. Center. May. New to this country. JAACIDIUM GERANII DC. Leaves of Geranium maculatum. North Greenbush. June. ZACIDIUM IMPATIENTIS Schw. Leaves of Jmpatiens pallida. Helderberg Mts. July. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. AicrpIum VioLz DC. Leaves of violets. West Albany. June. AXCIDIUM F'RAXINI Schw. Leaves of ash trees, Hraxinus ‘Americana. Bethlehem. June. e JKcIDIUM OrRost DC. Leaves and petioles of white clover, T7rifoliwm repens. Sandlake. September. JEcip1IuM Ranunoutt Schw. “A Ranunculi (abortivi). Frequens in foliis rotundis radi- calibus, expers fere macula.’’— Syn. Fung. Car. Sup. p. 41. Spots none, the upper surface of the leaf rugose; peridia sub-crowded or loosely scattered over the lower surface, short; spores orange subglobose, 5;4,,’ in diameter; spermo- gonia abundant, scattered over the lower surface of the same or of different leaves. On the radical leaves, rarely on the stem leaves of Ranun- culus abortivus. Greenbush. May. Aicrp1uM PopDOoPHYLLI Schw. Spots large, subconfluent, yellow, not always thickened ; peridia very short, hypogenous, crowded ; spores bright orange, subglobose, zs459— ay’ in diameter ; spermogonia few, scattered on the upper suface. ~ 60 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. On leaves of the mandrake, Podophyllwm peltatum. Beth- lehem. June. The spots occur most often at or near the base of the leaf lobes, where they are frequently confluent. ZACIDIUM PUSTULATUM Curtis in lit., n. sp. Spots small, yellowish, sometimes stained with red, thick- ened, often concave above, convex below ; peridia short, sub- crowded, often forming a circle about a free central space ; spores pale orange, subglobose, 73455’—75yy’ in diameter. On leaves of toad flax, Comandra umbellata. Center. June. AKCIDIUM CHNOTHERE 2. Sp. Spots orbicular, scarcely thickened, reddish purple, some- times stained with yellow; peridia short, crowded, generally with a small free central space; spores pale orange, subglo- bose, small, z,;,' in diameter. On leaves of the evening primrose, Gynothera biennis. Knowersville. June. . Not unfrequently a reddish purple dash extends from the spot to the margin of the leaf. The cups sometimes occur sparingly on the upper surface of the leaf. The free central space appears umbilicus-like, and, when present, is a notice- able feature. JKorp1um Myricatum Schw. Spots dark red, much thickened, scattered, very variable in size and shape, often angular; peridia short, subimmersed, scattered or subcrowded; spores very bright orange, subglo- bose, large, =j/57 — sty’ in diameter ; spermogonia on the upper surface. “ “ leaves of the wax-myrtle, Wyrica cerifera. Riverhead. uly. 2 The white cups, filled with brilliant orange colored spores, and sitting upon their dark red or chestnut colored bed, present a beautiful appearance. A few cups sometimes occur on the upper surface. , Small spots with but two or three cups have the subiculum distinctly thickened. The speciesis related to Aei- dium Berberidis, but is distinguished by its shorter cups and larger spores. Ihave not found it growing on the petioles of the pees. After a considerable time the spores fade to a pale yellow. AXcrpIuM LIMONII 7. sp. This is a species closely related to the preceding one, oceur- ring in thickened spots on the leaves dnd their midribs) of Statice Limonium, at Greenport. The cups occur upon both surfaces of the leaf, but more sparingly on the upper surface. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 61 Our specimens were too old, when collected, for a full description. ANCIDIUM MACROSPORUM 1%. Sp. ‘ Spots small, orbicular, yellowish, not thickened; peridia elongated, cylindrical, few, generally forming a circle about a free central space; spores yellow or pale orange, minutely roughened, nearly globose, very large, 74)’—51,’ in diameter ; Spermogonia numerous, distinct, on the upper surface of the leaf. On leaves of Smilax rotundifolia. Riverhead. July. There is seldom more than one spot on a leaf, and generally not more than one or two on aplant. The species is quite distinct from MWeidium Smilacis Schw., and is related to AWeid- tum Hydnoideum B. & C., from which it differs in its larger spores, fewer cups growing close to the margin of the spot, and in its more distinct spermogonia. AKCIDIUM CLEMATITIS Schw. On virgin’s bower, Clematis Virginiana. New Baltimore. Howe. ILLOSPORIUM CARNEUM FY. On lichens, Peltigera aphthosa. Helderberg Mts. SPOROCYBE PERSIC® /7. On the bark of peach trees. New Baltimore. Howe. Also on the wild cherry tree, Prunus Penasylvanica. Sandlake. August. HELMINTHOSPORIUM TraRA B. & R. Dead branches on the ground. Greenbush. May. MACROSPORIUM CHEIRANTHI FY. On dead herbs. Common. May and June. Botrytis ViTicoLa B. & C. Leaves of grape vines. Shelter Island. July. STREPTOTHRIX ATRA B. & C. Onmbark of Juniperus Virginiana. Bethlehem. June. FusIsPpoRIuM Bux #7. Leaves of box, Buxus sempervirens. New Baltimore. FHlowe. FUSISPORIUM MINIATUM B. & C. On sap-moistened stumps of deciduous trees. Helderberg Mts. June. 62 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET HELVELLA INFULA Scheff. Old trunks and stumps. Catskill Mts. October. Edible. MITRULA PALUDOSA /Y. On decaying wood and sticks in damp places. Sandlake. August. LEOTIA LUBRICA Pers. Mossy ground in woods. Sandlake and North Elba. Aug. PEZIZA COCHLEATA L. Ground in woods. Helderberg Mts. and Greenbush. June. PEZIZA COCCINEA Jacq. Half buried sticks. Sandlake and Helderberg Mts. April and May. PEZIZA NIGRELLA Pers. Ground in pine woods. Sandlake. April. PEZIZA FLOCCOSA Schw. Sticks and branches on the ground. Greenbush. July. PEZIZA AURANTIA 7. About the roots of stumps. Greenbush. October. A showy species. . PEZIZA GRANULATA Bull. In flower pots. Buffalo. March. G. W. Clinton. PrEZIZA ANOMALA Pers. On dead branches of the water beech, Carpinus Americana. Bethlehem. May. PEZIZA VIRGINEA Batsch. Dead sticks. Greenbush. July. BULGARIA RUFA Schw. Ground among leaves in woods. Sandlake. August. f RHIZINA UNDULATA J. Ground in woods. Adirondack Mts. August. TYMPANIS PICASTRA B. & C. Dead trunk of red maple, Acer rubrum. Sandlake. April. PATELLARIA CONGREGATA B. & C. On chestnut log. Moreau. Hove. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 63 GLONIUM STELLATUM Muhl. Rotton stumps in woods. Helderberg Mts. May. HYSTERIUM VULVATUM Schw. Dead branches of poplar trees, Populus tremuloides. Albany. June. HysTERIUM FRAXINI Pers. Dead branches of ash trees. Greenbush. May. Hysterium Rusti Pers. Dead stems of raspberry, Rubus strigosus. Greenbush. June. LABRELLA Pomi Mont. Skin of apples. New Baltimore. Howe. CORDYCEPS MILITARIS 7. On dead pup. Sandlake. August. CORDYCEPS PURPUREA FY. On panicles and spikes of grassesand rye. Common. Sterile. This is the well-known ergot. Spore-bearing specimens are rarely found. HYPOOREA LATERITIA F7. On the gills of Lactarius uvidus. North Elba. August. HYPOXYLON COPROPHILUM FY. On dung of cows. New Baltimore. Howe. DIATRYPE HAUSTELLATA FY. On old trunks of water beech, Carpinus Americana. Beth- lehem. May. DIATRYPE VIRESCENS Renu Dead branches of the beech, Fagus sylvatica. Sandlake. April. DIATRYPE Durrazr Mont. Dead branches of poison sumach, Rhus venenata. Guil- derland. May. MELOGRAMMA QUERCUUM FY. Dead twigs of oak. Center. June. SPHZERIA AQUILA F7. Fallen branches. Greenbush. May. 64 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THF STATE CABINET. —_ SPHARIA ELONGATA FY. Dead branches of the locust tree, Robinia Pseudacacia, Greenbush. May. SPHARIA CONFLUENS /7. Dead branches of poplars. Sandlake. April. SPHARIA DOLIOLUM Pers. Dead stems of herbs. Common. May. SPHEZRIA GRAMINIS Pers. Leaves of grasses. Common. September. SPHHRIA SPRAGUEI B. & C. Bark of pine trees, Pinus Strobus. West Albany. May. SPH ERIA MORBOSA Schw. On the branches of plum and cherry trees. Very common and injurious. This fungus iscommonly called ‘‘ black knot.” It is apparently native on our indigenous cherry trees, and, hay- ing escaped from them, it has attacked the cultivated one (Prunus Cerasus) in some localities with such vigor as to des- troy it, and make ‘‘ cherry raising’? an unprofitable business. Cutting away the affected branches and burning them, early in the season, before the fungus has matured its seed, has been recommended. This should be done as early as May, for I have found the spores developed in June. Among our indig- enous species of cherry trees, I have found the choke cherry (Prunus Virginiana) and the wild cherry (Prunus Pennsyl- vanica) especially liable to the attacks of this fungus. This pest is scarcely less injurious to plum trees. DEPAZEA KALMICOLA Schw. Leaves of the laurel, Aalmia latifolia. Greenport and Catskill Mountains. July, October. DEPAZEA PyRoL& A’. Leaves of prince’s pine, Chimaphila umbeilata. Helderberg Mts. May. DEPAZEA SMILACICOLA Schw. Leaves of smilax. Riverhead. July. DEPAZEA FRAXINICOLA Curtis in lit. n. sp. Spots arid, suborbicular, sometimes with a brownish border, one-fourth to one-half an inch in diameter; perithecia black ; those well developed are concave above, with a slight central ele- vation ; ascisubfusiform, containing four to eight spores apiece : spores densely packed in the asci, oblong or narrowly ellip- REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 65 tical, having a little nucleus near each end, sq455 — poo long, about one-third as wide. On ash leaves, Fraxinus Americana. Albany. September. AscosporA PopoPHYLLI Curtis in lit. n. sp. Spots arid, rather small, suborbicular, numerous, brown; perithecia minute, black ; spores oblong, simple. . Leaves of the mandrake, Podophyllum peltatum. Bethlehem. une. DoTHIDEA ROBERTIANI F’. Leaves of Geranium Robertianum. Helderberg Mts. May and June. MASSARIA VOMITORIA B. & C. Dead branches of ash and red maple. Sandlake and Green- bush. May and June. ERYSIPHE FUSCATA B. & C. Leaves of Bidens connata. North Greenbush. September. A Spheerotheca. ERYSIPHE LAMPROCARPA Lev. Leaves of species of Aster, Solidago, Artemisia, Inula, ete. Common. September. ERYSIPHE VACCINII Schw. Leaves of trailing arbutus, Hpigea repens. New Baltimore. Howe. Sandlake. September. UNCINULA ADUNCA Lev. Leaves of willows. Very common. September. MIcROSPH ARIA Fries Lev. Leaves of the lilac, Syringa vulgaris. Albany. September. MICROSPHARIA VACCINII 2. sp. Conceptacles small, globose; sporangia six to eight, ovate, each containing four to six elliptical spores ; appendages ten to twenty, white, very long, length more than twice the diame- ter of the conceptacles. On both sides of leaves of Vacciniwm vacillans. West Al- bany. October. EUROTIUM HERBARIORUM LA. On dried plants. Albany. [Assem. No. 133. ] 9 66 TWENTY-THRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. * OrprerR—AGARICINI. Hymenium inferior, spread over the surface of distinct gill- like processes, which are easily divisible into two plates. Berk. Outl. p. 89.* The Agaricini are cellular, flowerless plants, consisting essen- tially of an expanded suborbicular part (pileus or hymeno- phorum) bearing on its lower surface thin vertical plates (lamelle or gills) radiating from a central or marginal point, and either at- tached to its place of growth by a part of its margin, or sup- ported upon a central or lateral stem (stipe). The lamelle or gills consist of two separable membranes (hymenium) applied, one on either side, to an intermediate stratum (tama) and pro- ducing minute reproductive bodies (spores) on their exterior sur- faces.t They may be attached by their inner extremity to the stem and extend a little distance down it (decurrent), nearly or quite reach the stem without being attached to it (free), or ter- minate at a considerable distance from it (remote). They may have the edge broadly curved, so that they appear bent like a bow (arcuate), or shortly curved near the inner extremity, and at the same time be slightly decurrent, so as to appear hook-like (wneinate), or they may have the edge rough with little pro- jections or teeth (serrate), or simply notched near the inner ex- tremity (emarginate). The stem may be of the same diameter in every part (equal), or be thicker in the middle, tapering toward either extremity (ventricose). It may be hollow, or have its center of different texture from its exterior (stuffed), the center in such case being either cottony or spongy, or it may be of uniform texture throughout its diameter (solid). Its base may be coated or fringed with minute entangled filaments (mycelium), the immedi- ate product of the spores, while toward its top there is often seen a flabby, lacerated, membranaceous ring (annulus) girding it. Sometimes the young plant is completely enveloped by a submembranaceous wrapper (volva) which it bursts as it in- creases in size, and in other cases the envelope may be only par- tial, and even composed of little flocks or fibres which are scarcely conspicuous. Both the stem and the pileus may be wholly or partially sprinkled with fine, meal-like powder (farinaceous), or coated with little fibres (fibrillose), or rough, with distinct scales or scale-like tufts of fibres (sgwamose), which are sometimes quite minute (sguamulose). The surface of the pileus in some species is sticky to the touch (vzscid), in others it may be in moist weather covered with a gelatinous substance (glutinous). The flesh of some, when moist, presents a more watery appearance and a greater depth of coloring than * This and the generic and subgeneric characters hereinafter given are taken from Berkeley's Outlines of British Fungology. + The lamelle are rarely branched, and in a few instances reduced to obtuse. vein-like elevations. : y . Ws Pe anid ty bey Pak Lag REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 67 when dry (hygrophanous), and in such species, in the moist state, fine, radiating, parallel lines may sometimes be seen on the margin (striatulate). The Agaricini comprise by far the greater number of the larger, conspicuous, umbraculiform, fleshy fungi. Individual plants are generally of short duration, growing up ina few hours or days, and decaying as rapidly as they grow. They are more abundant toward the end of the season than in the beginning, and in wet weatherthan in dry. In long con- tinued dry weather, almost none can be found unless they be sought in deep wet marshes. In some seasons, therefore, they grow much more profusely than in others, and in deep woods and mountainous regions more abundantly than in open culti- vated districts. Unlike most other plants, they are seldom of a green color; red, brown, white and yellow, in an almost infinite variety of shading and blending, being the prevailing hues. The great beauty and variety of their colors, their singular and manifold forms (all, however, variations of a single type), their strangely peculiar habits, perishable nature and remarkable properties, all combine to make them objects of great interest. Many of them afford very savory and nutritious food, but some are reputed poisonous. Some that are acrid_or nauseous in the raw state become pleasant and edible by cooking. Vine- gar is known to have the power of abstracting the poisonous properties of the deleterious ones, so that from these two facts it is not improbable that, with proper preparation, nearly all Se ea our species may be made edible. SYNOPSIS OF THE GENERA. Mao OLsL Ne latMMell OD UUBElis( xs o. sintae eee eee ene 36. Stipe having small tubers at the base, pileus umbilicate.................00-0- ee eee 37. Stipe having small bay or brown tubers, pileus umbonate..................0005 eee 8. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 79 *33. AGARICUS RADICATUS Lelh. Pileus thin, convex, then expanded, subumbonate, often radiately wrinkled, smooth, glutinous when moist, grayish brown; lamellz white, subdistant, rather broad, emarginate, attached to the stipe ; stipe long, firm, smooth, stuffed, slightly tapering upward, subconcolorous, having a root-like pro- longation extending deep into the earth. Height 4’-8’, breadth of pileus 2’-3’, stipe 2-3”. Woods and open places. Common. June-August. Edible. 384. AGARICUS DRYOPHILUS Bull. Pileus fleshy, not thick, convex or expanded, rarely slightly depressed, smooth; lamell# narrow, crowded, white, some- times pale yellow, rounded or emarginate at the inner ex- tremity, subfree ; stipe equal, slender, smooth, hollow, con- colorous, mostly mycelio-enlarged at the base. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 1’-1.5’, stipe 1’’-2” thick. Very common in woods and pastures, growing among leaves and decaying vegetable matter. J ane: Noteniren *15. AGARICUS VELUTIPES Curt. Pileus fleshy, thin on the margin, convex, sometimes irregu- lar, smooth, very viscid, pale dull yellow with a brownish disk or bright reddish-yellow ; lamellee close, rounded behind, nearly or quite free, yellowish; stipe equal or slightly taper- ing upward, hollow or stuffed, generally velvety and brown, sometimes pale yellow and pruinose. Plant cespitose, 1’-2’ high, pileus 6’-15” broad. On stumps, trunks of trees; ete. April—October. This plant was first found by me growing on a stump which had been cut close to the ground. Its pale pileus with a brownish disk, yellowish hollow stem with its pubes- cence scarcely perceptible, looking like a slight pruinosity, were all so unlike the characters assigned to A. velutipes in the description, that I was disposed to regard our plant as distinct. Further observation, however, convinces me that it is a mere variety, but one so marked that I have thought it worthy of illustration. (Plate 5, figs. 12-17.) 35. AGARICUS FAMILIA 7. sp. Pileus thin, hemispherical or convex, smooth, whitish, often tinged with yellow, the disk darker ; lamelle narrow, crowded, reaching the stem, rounded at the inner extremity, almost free ; stipe slender, white, smooth, hollow; plant czespitose. Height 2-3’, breadth of pileus 6’—12”, stipe 1” thick. 80) TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. Grows in dense tufts of individuals of various sizes, on old logs in woods. Adirondack Mountains. August. The disk is clouded with brown. The plant becomes dark colored in drying. 36. AGARICUS STIPITARIUS /’77. Pileus thin, submembranaceous, convex or expanded, um- bilicate, minutely scaly; lamelle rather broad, separating from the stem, white; stipe tough, hollow, hairy-fibrillose, slender. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 3’-6”. On twigs, etc., under trees. Knowersville and Sandlake. July and August. Sometimes a minute papilla is visible in the center of the umbilicus. In dry weather the pileus withers, appears thickly coated with tawny fibrous scales, and is sometimes eed below the apex and a little striated or fur- rowed. 37. AGARICUS CIRRHATUS Schum. Pileus thin, expanded, umbilicate or slightly depressed, white or grayish, with a faint reddish tinge; lamellae very narrow, crowded, white, attached to the stem ; stipe very slen- der, whitish, subflexuous, hollow, generally with little yellow- ish tubers at the base. Height about 1’, breadth of pileus 1-4”. On decaying vegetable matter in woods and open places. Common. June-—September. 38. AGARICUS TUBEROSUS Bull. Closely related to the preceding, having the same size and color, but the pileus umbonate, and the tubers of a bay or brownish color. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Knowersville. June. Less common than the preceding. The last three species are easily preserved, and appear to be related to the Mar- asmit. Subgenus — Mycena. Stem externally cartilaginous. Margin of pileus (which 1s mostly campanulate) at first straight and pressed to the ' stem.—Lerk. Outl. The species are allsmall, slender, having the pileus thin, gen- erally striate or striatulate, smooth, or only clothed with a few silky fibres, obtusely conical or bell-shaped. The lamelle are seldom crowded, not strictly decurrent, but often uncinate and REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 81 attached, from which they appear subdecurrent. The stipe is smooth and hollow, often villous at the base, but not strictly bulbous. The species are subhygrophanous, with no veil, hence the stipe is never annulate. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. Plant neither viscid nor having a colored juice Pn claeee ands costae ee taces ealc a wee ette a. a9 Neos. Drow!) (LUSCOUS) OF STAYISH-DLOWD sc nicjc0e Sots vids Su cwercticeleccuicesenccste b. be Mameliso uncimate, GisbinUb:=:..5 ce ansce ces + = ddaciacine seine asics caine sain Cc. 'e.-bilens obtusely conical or bell-shaped to. 2 a. cee. 20 acloccae cisiwiiesiage cise 39. c Pileus narrowly conical; stipe very long.............-...secceeccccces 40. @: Erleus convex; stipe rather SHOEUS. < . cq sieccc Sate ore de cinl= Saieeieleecacias 41, be amellss NILE Ab UHO.SULPCs «5 cian onic ee cel ciel ins cfelets arotoia ated a!al aja) enn nvotetare cinta 42. peeeamelleviob unNcinate. 5.22: tise. eens atone dacs tances oss ne dab Sova State aches d. d.. Plant growing on peat moss (Sphagnum). ..............sescceccccccce 43. dP Plant crowite On trunks Of, ECCS ee ta..cee os ccigaecicas es clcieel< veces ecto 50. Ae Hes PURPUAN OF Mine 45) jc seas oboe cele ae tesa ea em te ones « emcee eet rae 44. aeeereus yellows, lamellzs yellow... acy actetose doses a0 detain fio ten a neen tates 45, a. Pileus pallid, whitish, yellowish or flesh-colored; lamellz flesh-colored.... 46. IB tataVARCIC > HULDOLY, CULOWine« 52 n= ta sal oa tsistere ie aicleldie selerge els atoll ancicte(ainisreiatcheinel el etaterejeiaiet= 47. Plantiyiscida: stipe: NO, YEHOW-.... ¢aid-ac ao edici-.ociclconaaiasieniaaee 49, *39. AGARICUS GALERICULATUS Scop. Pileus obtusely conical or bell-shaped, sometimes umbonate, long striate, variable in color, but some shade of brown or cinereous ; lamelle not crowded, uncinate, decurrent-toothed, abruptly pointed at the outer extremity, venose-connected, dis- tinct at the stipe, white or flesh-colored ; stipe firm, smooth, hollow, with white filaments at the base. Height 2’-4’, breadth of pileus 6’"-18”. On old logs, decaying sticks, etc., in woods. Common. July—October. Sometimes ceespitose. 40. AGARICUS PRELONGUS 7. Sp. Pileus at first subcylindrical, then narrowly conical, inclin ing to bell shape, striate, blackish-brown with a plumbeous or leaden tint; lamelle narrow, white, uncinate and slightly decurrent-toothed ; stipe very long, firm, smooth, hollow, paler than the pileus, generally tinged with red, villous at the base. Height 5’-7’, breadth of pileus 4’’-8”. Sphagnous marshes. Sandlake. June. Gregarious. The pileus, as in most of the species of a dark brown color, becomes paler in drying and the striz disappear. 41. AGARICUS LATIFOLIUS 7%. sp. Pileus convex, rarely somewhat umbonate, striatulate, gray- ish-brown; lamellee white, broad, uncinate, decurrent-toothed ; [Assem. No. 133.] 11. 82 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. stipe slender, smooth, hollow, subconcolorous, white-villous at the base. Height 1’-1.5’, breadth of pileus, 4-6”. Stipe .5” thick. Under pine trees. Center. October. A small species with quite broad lamelle, growing among ee Lae leaves of pine trees. Gregarious. Plate 6, figures 42. AGARICUS COLLARIATUS F7. : Pileus subcampanulate becoming convex, striatulate, brown, sometimes with a pinkish tinge ; lamellee numerous, uncinate, united at their inner extremity, whitish, sometimes with a flesh- color, sometimes with a yellowish tinge; stipe slender, rather firm, hollow, smooth, subconcolorous, villous at the base. Height about 2’, breadth of pileus 5’’-10”. Old stumps and rotten logs in woods. Sandlake. June. This species is distinguished from A. galericulatus by the lamelle being united with each other at the stipe as if in a collar, and in not being venose-connected. 43. AGARICUS PALUSTER 7. Sp. Pileus convex, becoming expanded, umbonate, striatulate, grayish-brown ; lamellee not uncinate, rather broad, subventri- cose, nearly free, sordid white; stipe slender, smooth, hollow, equal or slightly narrowed upward, villous at the base, pallid. Height 3’-4’, breadth of pileus 5’’-9”. . Growing on Sphagnum in cranberry marshes. Sandlake. une. I have found this plant in but one locality. It is quite distinct from all other MZycene known to me, by its broadly convex or expanded umbonate pileus. The umbo is small and subacute. The pileus becomes of a whitish-gray color in drying, and appears to be covered with numerous whitish fibrils. The lamellee reach the stem, but are slightly attached to it and easily separated from it. (Plate 5, figs. 6-11.) 44. AGARICUS PURUS Pers. Pileus convex, smooth, striatulate, pinkish-purple or lilac ; lamellee rather broad, sometimes rounded, sometimes sinuated at the inner extremity, connected by numerous veins, colored like the pileus ; stipe firm, smooth, hollow, concolorous ; plant odorous. Height about 2’, breadth of pileus 6’-12”. Pine woods. West Albany and Sandlake. October. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 83 The plant has the odor of radishes. It becomes paler in drying. I have seen no umbonate specimens. 45. AGARICUS PULCHERRIMUS 2. sp. Pileus subcampanulate or convex, rarely subumbonate, striatulate, dull yellow, the disk a little darker; lamelle broad, subventricose, attached to the stem, not uncinate, yel- lowish ; stipe slender, hollow, concolorous, white, villous at the base ; plant gregarious. Height 1’-1.5’, breadth of pileus 3’—5”. Under pine trees. Center. October. Related to A. acicula, but that has a smaller scarlet-colored pileus. 46. AGARICUS SUBINCARNATUS 2. SD. Pileus hemispherical, convex or expanded, striatulate, of a pale yellow or flesh-colored hue, becoming whitish ; lamelleze subincarnate, uncinate, decurrent-toothed ; stipe slender, hol- low, white-villous at the base; plant gregarious. Height 1’-1.5’, breadth of pileus 3-6”. Under pine trees. Center and Sandlake. October. Near the preceding, but at once distinguished by the color of the pileus and the form and color of the lamella. The lat- ter are sometimes nearly white, but tinged with flesh-color. *47. AGARICUS EPIPTERYGIUS Scop. Pileus bell-shaped or hemispherical, sometimes convex, stri- ate, viscid, grayish-yellow, the disk brownish ; lamellee white or yellowish, sharply uncinate and decurrent-toothed ; stipe yellow, shining, viscid, white-villous at the base. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 2’—5”. Not rare. In woods and groves, especially of pine. October. 48. AGARICUS VULGARIS Pers. Pileus convex or expanded, substriate, viscid, cinereous or brown; lamelle uncinate, decurrent-toothed, white; stipe firm, hollow, viscid, grayish. Height 1’, breadth of pileus 2’—5”. Common in pine woods. July —October. The pileus is described as having a small umbo or papilla. I have seen no such specimens. On the other hand, it is occasionally slightly umbilicate. 49. AGARICUS SANGUINOLENTUS A. & 8. Pileus subcampanulate, umbonate, striatulate, brownish, 84 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. with a dark reddish tinge; lamella uncinate, decurrent toothed, white, tinged with pink, the edge dark vinous-red ; stipe very slender, paler than the pileus, villous at the base, containing a reddish juice. Height 1'-1.5’, breadth of pileus 8’—4”. At the mossy base of trees. Greenbush. June. All my specimens have the pileus umbonate, and were cespitose, in which particulars they do not agree with pub- lished descriptions; still, I am unwilling to make a new species on such slight differences. 50. AGARICUS CorTICOLA Schwim. _Pileus hemispherical or convex, subumbilicate, striate, brown, sometimes with a purplish tint, and sometimes having a grayish mealy appearance ; lamelle few, distant, subdecur- rent, and broadly attached to the stipe; stipe short, curved, stuffed or hollow, subconcolorous. About 6” high, pileus 2’-3” broad. Among moss and lichens, on trunks of elm trees. Albany. September. Subgenus — Omphalia. Stem cartilaginous. Gills truly decurrent.—Berk. Oui. The species of this subgenus are closely related to those of the preceding one, from which they differ chiefly in the decur- rent lamellee, which, though sometimes arcuate, are scarcely uncinate. The pileus is often umbilicate. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. Prlens} Or Stem, MInUbeliy, Sealy ae = nleret= ovelelele icin etaleroerialct=s(aleista/a(=/ cteielatiet=ei=ielt katt etait a. ema Ses NO bay CULO Ware cieteleintvie:'s ole \nde to oletcin/elots|oteloieieisie leila leielefoielerete le leiclolersterstersietestelteletetet 51. Ben PSUs syellow:s) SHEN SIAOOUI o1-o1c aya eke inictelotctete< cf-loteloietalclole ia ln lelelel«/e-Pactetetel tte t ener 52. ry, Peep elbloh7R itech ogee canna satan osddo4 oon osOU aonb soo auodoesobcpS anes 53. PPTTETUSWSTINO OLED /o:h 0:5: Srareceie os wieleie disle syeioleiele/anelote'bsleleie, obsie's sje oyetelnlelel seelerersfatelo is s\eiets =i tanned b. Ds astemmsppalery Clo yaySMOUD erersiee el rals.cielercie's cele & lcleleteleleieleters ietels(ateie teeter eee 54. PDS SES TID EOWA eye etapa atone sie e oreo ywloyeiete ioiaeiav aie c\iarsl ole rercfete/chniclal Sele sie etalon Tere chet tate 55. bo Stem orange, very Lome sec eens cielasic «ole o1osrs 01h ele erate erelelel[ortetelote actos latent tate teemmeneae 51. AGARICUS OCULUS 7. sp. Pileus thin, convex, umbilicate, generally with a small umbo or papilla in the umbilicus, minutely squamulose, dingy white, the umbilicus blackish-brown ; lamellze white, narrow, close, subarcuate ; stipe whitish, minutely squamulose or furfur- aceous, hollow, often curved, easily splitting. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 6-12”, stipe 1” thick. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 85 On prostrate trunks in woods. Adirondack Mountuins. August. The dark colored disk is a prominent feature. §2. “AGARICUS CHRYSEUS 7. sp. 53. Pileus thin, convex, at length plane or slightly depressed, umbilicate, striatulate, minutely squamulose; lamelle not crowded, rather narrow, yellow; stipe nearly smooth, stuffed or hollow, sometimes curved. Height 1’-1.5’, breadth of pileus 8’-12”, stipe 1” thick. Old logs in woods. Adirondack Mountains. August. The whole plant is yellow. AGARICUS SCABRIUSCULUS 7. Sp. Pileus thin, broadly convex or expanded, striate, yellow; lamelle distant, broad, subtriangular, connected by numerous veins, white or pale yellow; stipe firm, yellow, minutely squamulose, stuffed or solid. Height 1.5’-2’, breadth of pileus 6-12”. Mossy prostrate trunks in woods. Adirondack Mts. August. A firm species; quite distinct from the preceding one.. The numerous connecting veins between the lamellee give a wrink- led appearance to the striated margin of the pileus. 54. AGARICUS UMBELLIFERUS JZ. Pileus thin, fleshy on the disk, convex or expanded, ob- conic, subumbilicate, striate, pale yellow ; lamelle broad, dis- tant, white, subtriangular; stipe smooth, solid, often curved, concolorous. Height 1’, breadth of pileus 6’-8”. Mossy places in swamps, and in vegetable mold on the top of high mountains. North Elba and Mts. Marcy and White- face. August. A fragile species, soon decaying when collected. The color is said to be variable. *55.. AGARICUS CAMPANELLA Batsch. Pileus thin, convex, umbilicate, smooth, striatulate, hy- grophanous, dull reddish-yellow ; lamella narrow, yellowish, venose-connected, arcuate ; stipe slender, firm, hoilow, often curved, brown, a little paler at the top, tawny-villous at the base. Height 1’-1.5’, breadth of pileus 4-12”. 86 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. On rotten logs and stumps in woods and open places. May-October. Very common. 656. Agaricus FrsuLta Bw. Pileus thin, convex, umbilicate, smooth, yellow or pale orange, striatulate ; lamelle narrow, arcuate, long decurrent, whitish ; stipe elongated, slender, smooth, hollow, concolorous. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 1’-3”. On mossy ground in fields and groves. June—October. Common. The pileus becomes brighter colored in drying. Subgenus — Pleurotus. Stem eccentric, lateral or wanting. Mostly growing on wood.— Berk. Out. In this subgenus the pileus is either destitute of a stem or has it attached to the margin or to some point outside of the center. The texture is more firm, the plant of slower growth and longer duration than in any of the preceding subgenera. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. SULPSsAUSbIN Chis: CCCOMILIIC) -c2ec seco acis canis lee caiete 61. EIleHs Ob DROW; MOLE OM LESS y CHOW tence cca ot cet ce cits che = ce ciemeersaielele steterentaerere 62. 60. AGARICUS CERVINUS Scheff. Pileus fleshy, at first campanulate, then expanded, fibrillose, grayish-brown, sometimes splitting into cracks or chinks; lamelle moderately distant, rather broad, a little narrowed toward the stipe, free, white, changing to flesh-color ; stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, firm, solid, striated- fibrous, blackish-brown or whitish. Height 3’-6’, breadth of pileus 2’-4’, stipe 3’-6” thick. On or about old stumps in open places, groves and borders of woods. Common. May-—October. Sometimes the stipe is nearly smooth and white, at others it is quite dark and fibrous or scaly. 61. AGARICUS NANUS Pers. Pileus convex, rather thin, fibrillose or somewhat mealy, brown; lamelle rather broad, a little narrower outwardly, white, becoming pale flesh-color, free; stipe white, firm, stri- ate, solid. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus about 1’. On decaying wood in groves. West Albany. October. 62. AGARICUS LEONINUS Scheff. Pileus thin, submembranaceous, convex, becoming ex- panded, smooth, subhygrophanous, striatulate on the mar- gin; lamelle rather broad, free, at length flesh-colored ; stipe white, solid, firm, slightly striate, equal. 88 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE UABINET. Height 2’, breadth of pileus 1-2’. Woods. North Elba. August. The color of the pileus in our specimens was a pale watery cinnamon, changing to yellow. JT Subgenus—Entoloma. “ Hymenophorum continuous with the fleshy or fibrous stem ; gills sinuato-adnexed, or parting from the stem.—Berk. Out. ; SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. PET SUS UTD OM AGG o eire sve are se ware. sosievsewe ovale, eiace 1S ote oldie ais lalelcievele tele eteteretoveretercieleve ors 1s eisler er ne Ie Terran 63. PE TICUSINOL WMDONALE s « 2i.u sare cis clareers hassrove fete one's cece leleboosevale iota ersie aleleie Bloveheis/ateltiaiet oie erates 64. 68. AGARICUS STRICTIOR 2. Sp. Pileus thin, submembranaceous, broadly convex or ex- panded, umbonate, smooth, shining, hygrophanous, striatu- late, grayish-brown ; lamellz rather broad, rounded or deeply emarginate at the stipe, pale flesh-colored; stipe straight, equal or very slightly tapering upward, nearly smooth, hollow, with a dense white mycelium at the base. Height 2’-4’, breadth of pileus 1’-2’, stipe 1’-2” thick. Ground in groves and their borders. Albany. October. The umbo is small but distinct, the stipe is quite straight, and the aspect of the whole plant is beautifully regular and symmetrical. It differs from A. Hlodes in being hygrophan- ous, destitute of odor, etc. (Plate 2, figures 6-9.) 64, AGARICUS RHODOPOLIUS #7. Pileus thin, campanulate or convex becoming expanded, scarcely umbonate, grayish-brown, hygrophanous, the mar- gin wavy; lamelle attached, slightly emarginate, whitish, becoming flesh-colored ; stipe white, silky, pruinose above, hollow. | Height 3’—4’, breadth of pileus 2’-3’. North Elba. Sep- tember. Subgenus — Clitopilus. Hymenophorum confluent with the fleshy or fibrous stem ; gills decurrent.—Berk. Out. The decurrent gills enable the species of this subgenus to be readily known. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. Plant large, SUPCHSPIbOSE.: ccs .<.010 cys: b's ioe o elere lw cieye le sre rebavel eleva -Telstessteletere wioisi-1s\\eatsteletatatntats 65. elantismall; orerariOus: cc. «ace coc ccccs ciccecins eaciomeieisveletets Drevotcictelstelete cteleleieisel- state ents 66. 65. AGARICUS PRUNULUS Scop. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, then expanded or slightly depressed, often irregular or wavy, whitish or cinereous ; REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 89 lamelle rather narrow and close, tapering toward cach end decurrent, whitish, becoming tinged with flesh-color; stipe short, subequal. solid, concolorous, often eccentric. Height 2’- 3’, breadth of pileus 2'-4’, stipe 3’—6” thick. Ground in groves and open places. Often czespitose. Al- bany and Catskill. October. Edible. 66. AGARICUS NOVEBORACENSIS 7. sp. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, then expanded or slightly de- pressed, with the margin decurved, dingy white, the surface cracking into areas or concentrically rivulose, sometimes obscurely zonate ; lamelle close, narrow, long-decurrent, some of them forked, white, at length dingy, tinged with yellow or flesh-color ; stipe concolorous with the pileus, equal, solid, smooth, with white mycelium and brittle branching white rootlets. | Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 1’—2’, stipe 1-2” thick. In woods and pastures. North Elba and Albany. .sicveis-we,e oss cere miele Lists o Was oaislole kr Sie ONE ee ee a 71 70. AGARICUS HALLIANUS 7. sp. Pileus thin, hemispherical or convex, smooth, hygropha- nous, watery cinnamon with the margin obscurely striatulate when moist, dull yellow when dry; lamelle close, subarcu- ate, slightly decurrent, tapering to a narrow point at the outer extremity and ceasing before the margin, cinnamon color ; stipe equal, slightly fibrillose, hollow, with a slight annulus, reddish-brown. Height 2’-3’, breadth of pileus 1’-2’, stipe 2”-3” thick. Pastures. Bethlehem. November. Taste a little bitter. The annulus is very thin, membran- aceous and stained with the spores. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 91 Dedicated to Professor James Hall, a most earnest pro- moter and eminent patron of the natural sciences. *71. AGARICUS POLYCHROUS Berk. Pileus fleshy, convex, smooth, viscid, yellow, the disk red- dish or brownish, the margin sometimes wavy ; lamelle close, emarginate and decurrent-toothed, yellow, then ferruginous ; stipe firm, solid, equal, often curved, yellow; plant grega- rious or ceespitose. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 9’’-18”. Ground and rotten wood in pastures and woods. Very common. August-November. The veil is webby, fugacious. 7 Subgenus — Naucoria. Stem cartilaginous externally ; margin more or less convex ; pileus inflexed.—Berk. Outl. The spores are ferruginous, or brownish-ferruginous. The color of the pileus is some shade of yellow. The stipe is not distinctly annulate, but sometimes a slight spore-stained band marks the place of the obsolete annulus. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. lous IMP GNAlS 5.2 5s sete aed As Selosa tm keda dans adel Ss aude tatstctercids emo spaeleiare eee tea tere a. a. Stem hollow, tapering toward the base...............0cesesccceececeee Kees 12. ets LOM OULO wer OCU eal eet cis oinic,< ore in, oj R iele ea acess Win lapels sei ei ee w Wa les eelake Saetena ere tatete 73. Same MH STNREAS (0 LU Cl meee speter i (ah Yoxay scraper svs,crsisreinjal tearalh teas < eiG oereiete nS RISra aie wie Seis ay eRe ereTe 74. ESICOS NOt DOMAER Sateen. Sac ciielas shalasio ws ih attecde Sip scien otecttce a mieies wicca ese Memes b. prastem hollows. : jasdeesicss< ces ok Famhele larval & obese ota aiah~ sis these vebalata a aye sats oveve terse caene c: Comb ileus Diy onOPRANOUS Soca a aciscs eee Oke occa elo elem alee Sana Rous netee heme aime 75. G2. (EMEA NOE MY OTOPMANOUSS cafe ce sce lsictee Sas oie PS. ood nie ccione cloiteieae eects 76. Da Stem sol GlOrsheatiads: seeks mane aj acetone Sece ktosb.c oprocain es baleen ak tees eeleatee d. a. Stem)\solid) margin ‘of pileus recurved cc... 0.) on ok ae cece caenienetine ce ke Ge SUSMINC Oba NVI Oe aati le aaisiatctcisc’S ale etcie « Sele ielelels Se avalos ceraivioiwa Welalnisinreoyeiata 78. 72. AGARICUS VERNALIS 7. sp. Pileus thin, fleshy, convex, then a little depressed, with a deflexed margin, umbonate, hygrophanous, dull yellow, darker when moist ; lamelle narrow, attached, cinnamon-color ; stipe long, flexuous, striate-sulcate, hollow, tapering downward, white-villous at the base, brownish. Height 2’, breadth of pileus 8’-12”, stipe 1” thick. On rotten wood. Greenbush. May. 73. AGARICUS LIGNICOLA 7. sp. Pileus thin, convex, umbonate, smooth or slightly fibrillose, hygrophanous, watery cinnamon and the margin striatulate 92 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. when moist, dull yellow when dry ; lamelle narrow, close, attached, cinnamon-color; stipe slender, equal, hollow, eee fibrillose, firm, mostly flere: reddish-brown. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 6-12”. On old logs in woods. Sandlake. June. 74, AGARICUS FULVUS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, convex, then expanded, umbonate, tawny yellow, darker when moist; lamelle broad, emarginate, decurrent-toothed, cinnamon-colored ; stipe equal, solid, sub- flexuous, a little paler than the pileus. Height 1’-1.5’, breadth of pileus 4’’-8”. Ground in pine woods. Bethlehem. November. 75. AGARICUS AUTUMNALIS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, fleshy, convex, smooth, hygrophanous, watery cinnamon and marginally striatulate et moist, dull yellow when dry; lamell# close, slightly emarginate, spuriously decurrent-toothed, easily separating from the stipe, yellow- ish, then cinnamon-color; stipe slender, equal, hollow, fibril- lose, paler than the pileus ; plant often ceespitose. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 6”-12” On rotten wood in woods. North Greenbush. November. Sometimes a trace of an annulus may be seen on the stem. The taste resembles that of A. semiorbicularis. 76. AGARICUS SCORPIOIDES /7. Pileus fleshy, thin, short conic, obtuse or subumbonate, smooth, reddish-yellow, the margin incurved and paler, lamelle attached, pale yellow, becoming darker with age; stipe long, slender, equal, wavy, silky, white or yellowish, hollow. Height 3’-5’, breadth of pileus 5-8”. Among moss in woods. North Elba. August. 77. AGARICUS CURVO-MARGINATUS 7. Sp. Pileus thin, convex, smooth, reddish-yellow, the margin paler, reflexed, extending beyond the lamelle ; lamellz sub- ventricose, emarginate, decurrent-toothed, pale yellow or whitish, with a flesh-colored tinge; stipe equal, solid. wavy with a whitish silky luster. Height 2’-3’, breadth of pileus 4’-6”. In mossy places in woods. North Elba. August. This and the preceding have a darker color when moist, but they are scarcely hygrophanous. The solid stem and. up- REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 93 curved margin separate this from the preceding species. (Plate 2, figures 1-5.) *78. AGARICUS SEMIORBICULARIS Bull. Pileus thin, fleshy, hemispherical, at length expanded, smooth, subviscid, dull yellow; lamelle close, broad, attached, at length dark ferruginous; stipe slender, equal, firm, stuffed with a distinct whitish pith, yellowish. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 6’—12”. Fields and manured grounds. West Albany. June. It is sometimes ceespitose. The pileus sometimes cracks nate areas. It has an oily flavor, resembling that of beech nuts. * Subgenus— Galera. Stem externally subcartilaginous ; pileus more or less cam- panulate ; margin straight. — Berk. Ouwtl. The spores are generally bright ferruginous. The pileus is thin, obtusely conical or bell-shaped, and the stem is hollow, rather long and slender, so that in aspect the species correspond to those of the subgenus J/ycena in the first series. All of our species, so far as known, are hygrophanous. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. es ALON ENN OX AIG CW's optic are's o2 vio eo afaweiciad Ne > e'aiele tree are Se ciecoieia, cal Sw Sen toe a eaters a; a. Plant growing in fields or on dung; pileus not umbonate.................. M9: a. Plant growing in marshes; pileus generally umbonate....................- ee VGH MEO LAG Xpand esate vchelele teloars ware oie uavcketesoranal = ate Sitesala vos wake S54 Tle 6 Oe Sone b. Beant oro wan en fOlLANIOr PEOVER: «seis lajaislcss < naslaiaie 0.6 cee decoesaes seisitiea eaieene c. Gs ileus dark ferrneinOus’< cess). tee cs a20 se ones Zhgtste) alah a, he fetdps's a:citetel area -tetereete 80. GiseeCuUsPaAlenyellOws. ssc ccicte oe cll stone ee sw Coca Saleen ban bag eles ols sie oe heats 81. bs Plant. rowing 1m; WOOdstaMONG MOA! <)..5o.oe).s ccd sie's o efe cic de epee oiciee vin Seictaeeele 83. 79. AGARICUS LATERITIUS FY. Pileus thin, submembranaceous, fragile, conical, at length expanded, closely and finely striate on the margin, grayish- yellow, darker when moist; lamelle close, narrow, nearly or quite free, yellow-ferruginous; stipe long, white, fragile, easily splitting, pruinose or farinaceous above, slightly taper- ing upward. Height 3’—- 4’, breadth of pileus, 1’—2’. On dung heaps. West Albany. June. Sometimes there is a slight pinkish tinge to the pileus and stem. 94 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. 80. AGARICUS OVALIS F7. Pileus thin, submembranaceous, conical or bell-shaped, obtuse, smooth, brownish-ferruginous and obscurely striatulate when moist, dark ferruginous when dry; lamell# broad, subventricose, nearly free, ferruginous; stipe slender, nearly straight, slightly striate, subconcolorous. Height 3’—4’, breadth of the pileus 6’"-12”. Ina pine grove. West Albany. June. This is A. campanulatus Bull, in the Epicrisis of Fries, p. 205. The cuticle of the pileus sometimes cracks and scales off in irregular patches. 81. AGARICUS TENER Scheff. Pileus submembranaceous, oval or obtusely conical, some- times campanulate, smooth, watery, tawny and striatulate when moist, yellowish-white when dry ; lamellze close, quite broad, slightly attached, cinnamon-color ; stipe Slender, smooth, colored like the pileus. Height 2’-3’, breadth of pileus 4’—-8”. On dung, manured ground and in rich pastures. West Albany and North Elba. June- October. ¥82. AGARICUS SPHAGNORUM Pers. Pileus thin, fleshy, fragile, broadly conical or convex, then expanded, generally with a small umbo, striatulate on the margin, pale watery cinnamon, becoming ochraceous-yellow when dry; lamelle broad, attached, dul! cinnamon-color ; stipe long, fragile, flexuous or straight, subconcolorous, silky fibrillose, whitish-villous at the base. Height 4-6’, breadth of pileus 6-12”, : In peat marshes, among Sphagnum. Sandlake. June- September. Fries considers this a variety of the next species. It appears to me to be quite distinct. 83. AGARICUS Hypnorum BLatsch. Pileus submembranaceous, obtusely conical, hemispherical or convex, with or without a small papilla at the apex, ferru- ginous-yellow and marginally striatulate when moist, yel- low and substriate when dry; lamellz broad, attached, pale cinnamon-color ; stipe long, slender, subconcolorous. Height 2’-4’, breadth of pileus 3-5”. Mossy places in woods. North Elba. August. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 95 _ Subgenus— Hebeloma. Veil, if present, floccose, not interwoven; stem fleshy; gills sinuated.—Berk. Out. The pileus is thin, but fleshy, generally fibrillose or scaly ; the gills are most often of a dingy or olivaceous color, and emar- ginate; the stipe is fleshy, more or less fibrous, and, in our species, solid or stuffed. The color of the spores is generally olivaceous, or brownish-ochraceous. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. Bileus splitting and! cracking into) fDLES=< ci ccee eae eis see site ec sie ee ticles sacs eiteisiee « a. OULPe: SUDDULDOUS < 25% sie < cies «cats 0-0» chesctaie cre Stele x siete inlel oss oielasetotoisinie iste aseteistosstelaiote 84. EMS LIPS NOt DULDOUS:s << /.-.ic «wicie ss o'siers orcrerote a nian vole Ospelaieterelefrets ohstans eiecloel aaleraeraietel ovayewe 85. IPeusENntire, SCAlys NOE WHILE. 1c. s avesicte Scorers cieystetel orslarenle wero erie eB ctetat closers aii efersrerevemieya b. DAGEMESUS OCHTACEOUS. <,<:050 sta ss daie bias piso aew ofa lee sad E omits hisicteeh cleiets increment cers 86. De eT) DROW: ss.ce s sisieidiaiaveuts Sate steersat suds ere eye sce see So eae ee ae eielae eer 87. IPilews: Entire; SOLOOL, WHE <4 sis1e sjeaie siereoisieteie stars ei ein (nvere c\e's ice ojersjoie re cielo ea cletaca aaleye eis Cc. cy Lameliss deeply: emarginates 22x. sels) csi si0s'oiersies aicie «sisi sate orale aeieieleielaveia s siete 88. Gs uamelis slightly: Cmareimater.'. re cvcie cieccisissd oclee cerelsieielain is slats loro ao, «eiemtarsietohevalete 89. 84. AGARICUS RIMOSUS Bull. Pileus fleshy, thin, conical or campanulate, then expanded, sometimes umbonate, longitudinally cracking, fibrous, dull reddish-brown, the margin sometimes uneven, often splitting ; lamellz narrow, close, tapering toward the stipe, subfree, whitish, becoming darker; stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, fibrous, solid, white, rarely brownish, bulbous, the bulb flattened. Height 2-3’, breadth of pileus 1’-2’. Roadsides in woods. North Elba. August. 85. AGARICUS LACERUS F7. Pileus thin, fleshy, conical or campanulate, then convex or expanded, fibrous, longitudinally cracking, the margin splitting, color pale yellowish-brown; lamellz not broad, tapering toward the stem, nearly free, brownish-yellow ; stipe equal, firm, solid, fibrous, white ; spores rough. Height 2’, breadth of pileus 6’—-18”. Grassy grounds in fields and open woods. Greenbush. June. The cuticle of the disk sometimes breaks up into scales. 86. AGARICUS SUBOCHRACEOUS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, conical or convex, sometimes expanded, gen- erally umbonate, fibrillose-squamulose, pale ochraceous-yel- low; lamelle rather broad, attached, emarginate, whitish, 96 TWEN.Y-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. becoming brownish-yellow ; stipe equal, whitish, slightly fibril- lose, solid. Height 1-2’, breadth of pileus 9-18”. Ground in groves and open places. Sandlake and West Albany. June - October. In very wet weather the pileus sometimes splits on the margin. 87. AGARICUS FLOccULOoSUS Berk. Pileus thin, fleshy, convex or subcampanulate, umbonate, squamulose, grayish-brown; lamellz broad, subventricose, attached, pale brownish, tinged with red; stipe firm, solid, fibrillose, a little paler than the pileus. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 6’-12”. Ground in fields and by roadsides. North Elba and West Albany. September and October. 88. AGARICUS SARCOPHYLLUS 7. Sp. Pileus fleshy, short and obtusely conical or convex, smooth, white, the margin incurved; lamelle broad, not crowded, attached, deeply emarginate, dingy flesh-color; stipe equal, smooth, white, firm, stuffed, mealy-squamulose above, spores smooth, very dark ferruginous. Height 1’—-2’, breadth of pileus 6-18”. Wet grassy ground. Greenbush. June. Taste slightly bitter. The edge of the lamelle is slightly eroded. Their deep emargination and peculiar color make this a strongly marked species. At first sight, it looks like @ small Psalliota. (Plate 1, figs. 7-11.) 89. AGARICUS GEOPHYLLUS Sow. Pileus fleshy, thin, conical, then convex or expanded, broadly umbonate, silky, smooth, white ; lamellez close, not broad, slightly emarginate, attached, whitish, becoming dingy brownish; stipe firm, equal, rather long, white, solid or stuffed. Height 2’—3’, breadth of pileus 6’-9”. Ground in woods and open places. North Elba and Green- bush. August — October. Series 4— PRATELLZ. Spores brownish-purple or brown. Subgenus — Psalliota. Veil fixed to the stem, forming a ring.— Berk. Oui. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 97 The species of this subgenus are easily recognized, though not always easily distinguished from each other. The pileus is generally white or yellowish, the lamelle at length brown or blackish, and the stipe generally rather stout, fleshy and _ annulate. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. IEG TIGL O WHOL SLUTS Os «:s.c-0)s:ci0.cl 0.2 & 0:3\laresarnpoie,assyerovosaus tage quate rormiey werere dareie ew )e fefatebepahce med -fevume lars a. GeweneusiMck, flesh y-s Stem SbOWGS <2. cis oc sae siviela ches steve ole iererercrduseicfsiaieroe taste b. Da StemInot-DuUlbOUs! 0... SA cease Ne ae Poe ee loa bese aaele ated sleteeioiveierde ee elt stersiels 90. POCO MEDULDOUSs mere ee score Fo). db deeinaae else oie ee Ig Pass p aetaasentas Agee teeta Ale A elens hing: SHEN SlOMG CPi. vi) <0; 6 areiea edager wrery crosiRe acto emer eae rollers ects C. eS UCTIOGETOULO Wie cre iece cre score: cuetelctessre selene wie topetclnts eictncterot st nercKetecelor rede ier site ane cine che tetenets 94. Grstem stutiod withta pithy: 115. cts mane acts ek ola Neteller ste ohn clsie sulle enrsnate ire 95. Stem solid, SGA 5-050) singed Pe, cfaseverdy okas Scolloge che, stanatorarscavep Oe erm ceye = era ther sieiaeratoncee tes aler iota iaereet te 2 COMMS OMG ss STN OO UMA zo: s cysts a lorae's Sea oso bile o.clore calegatatelareneierersla sree oie icicle eee cioee © creraarvotarcrenastsiere be aes * 90. AGARICUS CAMPESTRIS L. Pileus thick, fleshy, convex, smooth or slightly silky, white, the margin surpassing the gills; lamelle close, rounded, free, bright flesh-colored, then blackish-brown; stipe short, stout, white, stuffed, annulate, not bulbous; annulus white, single. Height about 2’, breadth of pileus 13’, stipe 4-6” thick. Grassy ground in fields. Albany. September. Not abundant. Edible. This is the species commonly cultivated, and generally know by the indefinite term J/ush- room. 91. AGARICUS SILVICcoLA Vite. Pileus fleshy, campanulate, becoming convex, smooth, white or yellowish, the margin scarcely exceeding the gills and often purplish-stained ; lamellze whitish, then pinkish brown, narrower toward either end, rounded and free; stipe rather long, stout, stuffed or hollow, bulbous, annulate, white ; annulus thick, double, the outer part often splitting into rays. Height 4’- 6’, breadth of pileus 3’—5’. Ground in pine woods. West Albany. October. This species is sometimes called a variety of A. campestris ; but Seed rae to me to be clearly distinct. The bulb of the stem is flattened. The exterior of the annulus is sometimes stained with yellow, and the pileus becomes more yellow by bruising. 92. AGARICUS HORNEMANNI FY. Pileus fleshy, convex, becoming expanded, smooth, viscid when moist, pale yellow ; lamellee moderately broad, attached, [ Assem. No. 133.] 13 98 TWENTY-THIRD REPOK1 ON THE STATE CABINET. subdecurrent, whitish, then purplish-brown ; stipe stout, solid, rough, with squarrose scales below the annulus, slightly striate above, white or pale yellow ; spores purplish-brown. Height 4-6’, breadth of pileus 24’, stipe 6” thick. Ground in woods. Sandlake and Catskill Mountains. Octo- ber. A fine species. 93. AGARICUS JOHNSONIANUS 2. sp. Pileus fleshy, soft, brittle, broadly convex or expanded, smooth, white, the disk yellowish, the margin thin, sometimes purplish-stained, and, when moist, striatulate ; lamelle close, rounded at the inner extremity, nearly free, white, then brown ; stipe equal, smooth, annulate, solid, slightly striate at the top ; annulus white, tumid, stained by the brown spores. Height 2’- 4’, breadth of pileus 2’—4’, stipe 3’—5” thick. Grassy ground in pastures. Knowersville. September. It has a sweetish nutty flavor. _ Dedicated to Hon. A. 8. Johnson, a worthy patron of natural science, who has communicated to me specimens of some fine species of fungi. (Plate 3, figs. 4-6.) _ 94. AGARICUS SEMIGLOBATUS Batsch. Pileus thin, hemispherical, sometimes convex, smooth, glutinous when moist, white or pale yellow; lamelle very broad, loose, attached, becoming black ; stipe slender, smooth, tall, hollow, concolorous, annulate, viscid ; the annulus slight, stained by the purplish-black spores, at length disappearing. Height 3’—5’, breadth of pileus 6-12”. On dung. Very common. May-—September. 95. AGARICUS STERCORARIUS AY. Pileus thin, fleshy, convex, then expanded, smooth, viscid, yellow ; lamelle broad, attached, brownish or brownish-black ; stipe firm, viscid when moist, stuffed with a whitish pith. Height 2’— 3’, breadth of pileus 6-9”. On dung and rich soil. West Albany. June. a Mila from the preceding by its stuffed stem, and expanded pileus. Subgenus — Hypholoma. Veil woven into a fugacious web, which adheres to the margin of the pileus. — Berk. Outt. In this subgenus the stem is not annulate. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. Pileus smooth, not hygrophanons... ... caccceae wer clasiee soe amelie e-tios - Bilegs tinged with Violetor lua. 22chc. coxiewiecm cle tee nectescs tose + oe eee C. c. ‘Stem swihites plant odorous). 5 fs. «Was. . sexes theat as's (as ar eee 9. ec. Stem tinged) with lilac aboves.t). c scicerc sce cis velo © «:sieyoselcrasiererois 10, b. oPileus:not violet or Wlacshin ged: |. cc. oi Se merce =e shee wiclopacs «isle lo'erspes Oe a: d. Dull yellow, variegated with matted ferruginous fibrils.............. Ali k- d. Ferruginous, sprinkled with whitish fibrils....................-..e00- 12. G.. OChraceous «asic stesiesing bya ls Spe cies eyerwieyagecteqerg ac ws pe 1o:0i0 2/e:5/s.s lolnseeshowlereeeete 13. 7. CORTINARIUS VIOLACEUS JL. Pileus fleshy, even, convex, rough with numerous small hairy scales, dark violet-color; lamelle loose, thick, rather broad, violet, then brownish-cinnamon ; stipe equal or slightly tapering upward, solid, slightly striate-fibrillose, bulbous, violet. Height 3’—5’, breadth of pileus 2’—3’, stipe 3’—5” thick. Ground in woods. Adirondack Mountains. August. A pretty species. The flesh is pale violet color. Edible. CoORTINARIUS SQUAMULOSUS 2. Sp. Pileus thick, fleshy, convex, densely fibrillose-squamulose, cinnamon-brown, the scales darker; lamelle not crowded, deeply emarginate, pale pinkish-brown, then cinnamon-col- ored ; stipe thick, solid, shreddy, subsquamulose, concolorous, swollen at the base into a very large tapering or subventricose bulb. Height 4'—-6’, breadth of pileus 2’ 4’, stipe 6’—9” thick at the top, 12-18” at the bottom. Borders of swamps in woods. Sandlake. August. Related to C. pholideus and C. arenatus, but. distinct by the deep emargination of the lamelle. It gives out a strong odor while drying. The color of the flesh is pinkish-white. (Plate 3, figs. 1-3.) CORTINARIUS ARGENTATUS J’. Pileus fleshy, convex, then expanded, smooth, bluish-lilac or pale violet, the margin at first silky, then whitish ; lamelle rather close, whitish, then cinnamon-color ; stipe short, thick, solid, somewhat bulbous, easily splitting, whitish. Height 2’-3’, breadth of pileus 2’— 4’, stipe 6’—10” thick. Ground in woods. Bethlehem and Knowersville. Sep- tember. It has a strong odor not unlike that of chestnut blossoms. The lamelle are sometimes serrated. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 109 . 10. CORTINARIUS ALBOVIOLACEUS Pe7s. 11 12. 13 Pileus fleshy, rather thin, convex, then expanded, sometimes broadly subumbonate, smooth, silky, whitish, tinged with lilac or pale violet ; lamelle generally serrulate, whitish-violet, then cinnamon-color ; stipe equal or a little tapering upward, solid, silky, white, stained with violet, especially at the top, slightly bulbous, the bulb gradually tapering into the stipe. Height, 3’-4’, breadth of pileus 2’—3’, stipe 3’—6” thick. Ground in thin woods, more frequently under poplars. Center. October. The stem is sometimes subannulate, and being violet above and white below the obscure ring, it appears as if sheathed with a silky white covering. Inodorous. Sometimes the stem gradually tapers from the base to the top, so thatit can scarcely be called bulbous. . CORTINARIUS AUTUMNALIS 7. Sp. Pileus fleshy, convex or expanded, dull rusty-yellow, varie- gated or streaked with innate ferruginous fibrils; lamelle rather broad, with a wide shallow emargination ; stipe equal, solid, firm, bulbous, a little paler than the pileus. Height 3’— 4’, breadth of pileus 2-4’, stipe 6” thick. Pine woods. Bethlehem. November. The plant is sometimes ceespitose. The flesh is white. CoRTINARIUS CATSKILLENSIS 2. Sp. Pileus fleshy, convex or subcampanulate, then subexpan- ded, even, pale ferruginous clothed with minute scattered white fibrils ; lamellee watery cinnamon, becoming darker with age, deeply emarginate ; stipe stout, solid, nearly white, fibril- lose ; the bulbous base gradually tapering into the stipe. Height 3’—4’, breadth of pileus 2’—3’, stipe 6-10” thick. Ground in open places. Catskill Mountains. October. . CORTINARIUS OCHRACEUS 2. Sp. Pileus fleshy, convex, at length broadly subumbonate or gibbous, smooth, even or obscurely wrinkled, pale ochraceous ; stipe solid, fibrillose, ochraceous at the top, white below, gradually enlarged into a thick bulbous base. Height 2’- 4’, breadth of pileus 2’— 3’, stipe 4-6” thick at the top, 12’"-18” at the base. Under balsam trees in open places. Catskill Mountains. October. The stipe appears as if sheathed. In some specimens the stipe is short and rapidly tapers from the base to the top. > 110 U'WENTY- THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. Subgenus— Dermocybe. Pileus thin, silky with innate down, dry, not hygrophanous ; stem equal or attenuated, not bulbous.—Berk. Oui. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. 14. CoRTINARIUS SANGUINEUS J’. Pileus rather thin, convex or expanded, with decurved margin, silky or minutely squamulose, bright red; lamelle rather close and broad, emarginate, a little darker red than the pileus; stipe equal, stuffed or solid, nearly smooth, con- colorous. Height about 2’, breadth of pileus 6’—12”, stipe 1-2”. In woods. Adirondack Mountains. August. A beautiful species, easily recognized. 15. CORTINARIUS CINNAMOMEUS Fr. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, sometimes obtusely umbonate, silky or minutely squamulose, cinnamon-brown; lamelleze close, not broad, slightly emarginate, yellow, then cinnamon ; stipe equal, solid or stuffed, silky, yellow. Height 2’—4’, breadth of pileus about 1’, stipe 2” thick. In woods. Adirondack Mountains. August. The pileus varies in color, being at one time nearly yellow, at another dark brown. ‘The color of the lamelle also varies. Var. semisanguinea has the lamelle red, almost as in the preceding species, also the base of the stipe red. Center. October. Subgenus — Telamonia. Pileus moist, hygrophanous, smooth, or clothed only with evanescent threads ; stem peronate (sheathed with the inter- woven veil).— Berk. Outl. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. SLIPS DulDOUS 2. Lb os hfe ceed hase eelele, ate. wt eb wd eee te aided olen eaerd oteete stele pic alee ree 16. Stipe mot bulbous. oe svis seek dead Me. do teehee oh sell ses Pree.» ac sino ae as a. Pileus at first squamuUlose: jcc «1s. TEE eR eee ae = 2). ae eee teers 4, a. Pileus not distinctly: viscid’s ~...2)...6)- 6 acly& -« a2 pine a- ie pees ee eee e. Gs, Hamel las -wihtbe os oyc.c.srs 5:< cpegens o.casse 81s tale pete eae oI UM eiat scale ohare fect a @: hame\lles ‘colored or toe cos een ec = recente Oe Bier ainsene aie o/s alaral a atari 3. Pileus convex, at length umbilicate or depressed..............-.ee seen cece cent eens ifs f. Pileus not viscid .....::... eect ES Iolede mt h2 6 6Sie eiife elm atere.o tet cnsys' neler ime/a/-t sem fanaa em 6. 1 taal Sar sb 4 ay p (oe) 6 A er eT Ste ARN I os CA SOI OD I OORONOEATOO Ooo cn oe ie Report oF THE BOTANIST. MS 1. HyGROPHORUS CHRYSODON /7. Pileus fleshy, not thick, convex, then expanded, viscid when moist, white, the disk often yellowish, the margin dotted with little yellow floccose scales; lamelle subarcuate, decurrent, distant, white, sometimes faintly pinkish-tinged ; stipe equal or slightly attenuated below, solid, white, dotted with yellow floccose scales, especially toward the top. Height 2’—3’, breadth of pileus 1’—2’, stipe 2-4" thick. Pine woods. Bethlehem. November. The lamella are said to be crisped, and, when young, to have the edge yellow-floccose; but I have seen no such specimens. 2. HYGROPHORUS PRATENSIS £7. Pileus convex, firm, even, smooth, moist, white; lamelle distant, rather thick, arcuate, decurrent, white or yellowish- white ; stipe nearly equal, smooth, firm, solid or stuffed, white. Height about 2’, breadth of pileus 6-18”, stipe 2” thick. Woods. North Elba. This is the white variety, growing in northern woods. The common form, with a turbinate pileus, of a fulvous or tawny color, and lamelle either white or concolorous, growing in meadows, I have not seen. I suspect a rigid division would separate our plant as a distinct species. *3. HyGROPHORUS CoNICcUS FY. Pileus thin, submembranaceous, fragile, smooth, conical, generally acute, sometimes obtuse, the margin often lobed ; lamelle rather close and broad, subventricose, narrower toward the stem, free, terminating in an abrupt tooth at the outer extremity, scarcely reaching the margin, yellow; stipe equal, fibrous-striate, yellow, hollow. Height 3’—6’, breadth of pileus 6”—-12”, stipe 1-2” thick. Ground in woods and open places. North Elba and Center. August — October. The color of the pileus is variable. I have taken specimens with it pale sulphur-yellow and others with it bright red or scarlet. The plant turns black in drying. * 4. HyGROPHORUS CERACEUS LY. Pileus thin, convex, becoming expanded, smooth, shining, viscid, yellow; lamelle distant, subemarginate, yellow ; stipe smooth, shining, viscid, hollow, more or less tapering, com- pressed or irregular, concolorous. [Assem. No. 133.] 15. 114 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE CABINET. Height 1’—3’, breadth of pileus 8’-18”. Open woods. North Greenbush. October. 5. HyGROPHORUS CONGELATUS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, convex, even, smooth or obscurely fibrillose, sordid red, sometimes tinged with yellow; lamelle few, dis- tant, broad, subemarginate, decurrent-toothed, bright red ; stipe equal, slender, smooth, solid, red, yellow within. 7 Height 1’, breadth of pileus 4-6”, stipe about 1” thick. Banks by roadsides. North Elba. September. The specimens were collected in dry weather, but when moistened the pileus appears to be viscid. It has a peculiar, faded, dingy red appearance as if frost-bitten; whence the name. At first sight the plant might be taken for small Hy- grophorus miniatus, from which it is clearly distinct by the smooth pileus and the color and character of the lamelle. 6. HyGRopHORUS CANTHARELLUS Schw. Pileus thin, convex, at length umbilicate or centrally de- pressed, minutely squamulose, moist, bright red, becom..g orange or yellow; lamelle distant, subarcuate, decurrent, yellow, sometimes tinged with vermilion; stipe smooth, equal, subsolid, sometimes becoming hollow, concolorous, whitish within. Height 2’ 4’, breadth of pileus 6-12”, stipe 1-2” thick. Swamps and damp shaded places in fields or woods. July- September. Common. ar. 7osea has the pileus expanded and the margin wavy scoloped. Swamps. Sandlake. 7. HyGRoPHORUS NiITIDUS B. & R. Pileus thin, fleshy, convex, broadly umbilicate, smooth, shining, viscid, pale yellow with the margin striatulate when moist, nearly white when dry; lamelle arcuate, decurrent, yellow ; stipe slender, brittle, smooth, viscid, hollow, yellow ; flesh yellow. Height 2’-4’, breadth of pileus 8”—12”, stipe 1’—2” thick. Swamps. Sandlake. August. The cavity of the stem is very small. (Plate 1, figs. 2-6.) Genus— LACTARIUS #7. Hymenophorum confluent with the stem and vesiculose trama. Gills milky, edge acute.— Berk. Oudtl. ; REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 115 The species of this genus are most readily known by the milky or rarely colored juice which oozes from the lamella when cut or broken. The pileus is generally rather thick, fleshy, at first convex, then more or less centrally depressed, often subfunnel form; the lamelle are rather close, attached and appearing decurrent from the form of the pileus; the stem is most fre- quently short and thick, either solid, spongy, stuffed or hollow. The taste is often acrid, hot or peppery, yet some species are mild and considered not only esculent but delicious. ‘The spores are globose and minutely papillose. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECIES. EN CUSEVINCIO WHEE ITOUSb!: oaicfeele efeicte te ieiereie eieietsverias io eicteveieinietsre ier smite sia ciel inlets eleierel chiens etete a. Ape Malley nites NOt CHANGING ICOLOL i c(-icieiereio'alaieleresialcyals cielo! eleiei ever eiclarelas|oiel=eiatelelerela/aiciatets 2. an Milkwhite, becoming purplish: Or Mart cites icc nce d-icicre) crepe crerevesoloretalstolelers 3. Ae MAK: OTANTe=COLOLEG Ws ocrejnsicie we siactasierdas reriocros sei ccinieercleroaeieel asin cla sielelsierercietslete 4, Meusdry Or not. clearly. VaASCLG «WH GM) MOISE: erg oceralo aise ole: -:shotoretare eras ateteie/avel olefosele tele iom ier b. [ogee berks ifeyp robt Ko ee ae Ae IRS oer ae code acbe occ socmoooorsEoneeo cen cduasaacadace Cc. ¢:- Stem solids pileus’ yellowish=taw iy. 1.2015 of'0 2)< cfe.cieisiervivielete “Felelslerel oletele elerere d. Gs Lame}llee + ClOS@ v5.5 srs = S72 6 sia separa 2,5 cts tersieysrs, 21s, orayas whe: o's Slave atereyale,sietel crete eiaietel esto 5. a: Gamells distant, connected: by: ViGiNs) \cjainsteis siete ce ereeloietie siete toate 6. c. Stem stuffed or hollow; pileus dark rufous......... RANE COCR ESOS tke Dp elastemeriai(hobtwilce- pepper) ss ......-....-...--- +.) eee 5. 2, tuamellz repeatedly forked, regular. <.j60. cece. a\> = oeske oes cscs Hee eee ce. 6: uamells orange-colored:. i. ss. sree sti se ciesteh ilocos a's @ one eee eee gore or Sey 6. @; Damelle “whites jos ssicctuccies ces dels siclercuetionpictasicls ee ieee s'.0.0 ee eee ff 1. CANTHARELLUS FLOCCosUS Schw. Pileus fleshy, elongated funnel-form or trumpet shape, floc- cose-squamose, ochraceous-yellow ; lamelle veinlike, close, much anastomosing above, long decurrent and subparallel below, concolorous; stipe very short, thick, rarely deeply rooting. Height 2’—4’, breadth of pileus at the top 1’-3’. Woods and their borders. Not rare. Utica, Johnson. Albany and Sandlake. July and August. 2. CANTHARELLUS CIBARIUS 7. Pileus fleshy, obconic, smooth, egg-yellow, slightly de- pressed ; lamelle thick, distant, more or less branching and anastomosing, concolorous ; stipe firm, solid, often tapering downward, concolorous, flesh white. Height 2’—4’, breadth of pileus 2’—3’, stipe 3’—6” thick. In open woods and grassy places. Common. July and August. Edible. The smell of apricots is not always clearly percep- tible in American specimens. 3. CANTHARELLUS MINOR 2. Sp. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex, then expanded and depressed, ego-yellow ; lamelle very narrow, distant, sparingly branched, yellowish ; stipe slender, subflexuous, equal, smooth, hollow or stuffed, concolorous. Height 1’-2’, breadth of pileus 6’—12”. In open woods. Greenbush. July. 4. CANTHARELLUS LUTESCENS Lull. Pileus thin, fleshy, convex, umbilicate, brownish-floccose, yellowish ; lamellze very distant, sparingly branched, arcuate- decurrent, pale ochraceous; stipe slender, slightly tapering downward, smooth, shining, bright orange-tinted yellow, stuffed or hollow. Height 2’—3’, breadth of pileus 8’—15’. REPORT OF THE BoTANIST. 123 Mossy ground in woods. Catskill and Adirondack Moun- tains, also Sandlake. August— October. This is regarded by some as a variety of C. tube&formis. 5. CANTHARELLUS INFUNDIBULIFORMIS /’. Ss Pileus fleshy, thin, umbilicate, then funnel-form, nearly smooth, dingy yellow; lamellz thick, distant, dichotomously branched, sometimes anastomosing, yellowish, then dull lilac, pruinose; stipe equal, slender, smooth, hollow, pale yellow. Height 1’— 2’, breadth of pileus about 1’. Inswamps. Sandlake. August. . CANTHARELLUS AURANTIACUS FY. Pileus fleshy, obconic, nearly plane above, smooth or minutely tomentose, dull orange with the disk usually brown- ish, the margin decurved and sometimes yellowish ; lamelle narrow, close, repeatedly forked, orange, sometimes yellowish ; stem inequal, generally tapering upward, colored like the pileus ; flesh yellowish, taste mild. Height 2’—- 3’, breadth of pileus 1-3’, stem 2’— 4” thick. Ground and very rotten logs in ae or in fields. Common. CANTHARELLUS DICHOTOMUS 2. sp. Pileus fleshy, at first broadly convex, then expanded, obconic with a decurved margin, acutely umbonate, smooth or slightly silky, shining, steel-blue ; lamellee close, rather broad, repeatedly forked, white ; stem long, soft, solid, silky, slightly tapering upward, whitish, usually tinged with the color of the pileus ; flesh whitish. Height 3-6’, breadth of pilens 6’—12”’, stem 2”—3” thick. Damp mossy ground in woods. North Elba. August. The white mycelium at the thick base of the stem is abun- dant, and invests the surrounding mosses so closely that it is difficult to pluck the plant entire without taking with it a tuft of moss. The small but prominent acute umbo is rar ely wanting. Var. brevior is a smaller form, occurring in open, mossy places. It is grayish-brown with the umbo wanting or reduced to an acute papilla and the shorter stem equal and scarcely silky. North Elba and Catskill Mountains. August—October. (Plate 4, figs. 6-9.) ¥8. CANTHARELLUS CRISPUS 7. Pileus thin, expanded, villous or pubescent, yellowish- brown, often lobed and cespitose; lamelle narrow, close, 124 TWENTY-THIRD REPORT ON THE STATE UABINET. dichotomously branched, sometimes anastomosing, crisped, glaucous-green ; stipe lateral or none. Pileus 4’— 8" broad. Trunks of trees, etc. Common. September— November. Genus — MARASMIUS /7. Hymenophorum confluent with the stem, though different in texture, descending into the floccose trama. Hymenium dry, covering the interstices as well as the gills. Gills or folds thick, tough and subcoriaceous. Edge acute.—Serk. Outl. The tough subcoriaceous texture of the plant, and the dry, continuous hymenium are the chief characters in this genus. Specimens of these plants are easily preserved, being less fleshy, putrescent and perishable than the preceding. Most of the Species grow upon wood, decaying twigs or leaves. SYNOPSIS OF THE SPECTES. SLOMAN BOLT A creo; ctarese, «ie 5/>:wyn) erence teroelopeteteiate —14 PLATE V. BoxLetTus CLINTONIANUS Peck. Page 28. Fie. 1. A young plant with the tubes concealed by the veil. « 2. A specimen of small size. « 3. A specimen of medium size, showing the marginal depression of the pileus. « 4, Part of a vertical section of a pileus. « 5. Mouths of tubes slightly magnified. AGARICUS PALUSTER Peck. Page 82. Fie. 6. A specimen of small size, with the pileus expanded. Fies. 7, 8. Specimens of medium size, with the pileus less expanded. « 9, 10. Vertical sections of pilei. Fie. 11. Transverse section of a stem. AGARICUS VELUTIPES Curt. Page 79. Fig. 12. A cluster of very young plants.. Figs. 13, 14. Specimens showing the upper surface of the pileus. Fie. 15. A specimen showing the lower surface of the pileus “ 16. Vertical section of a pileus. « 17. Transverse section of a stem. Plate 5. : a ae ene State Mus. Nat. Hist. 28. PLATE IV. AGARICUS SOLIDIPES Peck. P ‘ Page 101. Fic. 1. A specimen of small size. « 2. A larger specimen, showing the lower surface of the pileus. « 3, Upper part of an old plant with the cuticle of the pileus broken into scales, « 4, Vertical section of a small pileus « 5. Transverse section of a stem. CANTHARELLUS DICHOTOMUS VAR. BREVIOR Peck. Page 123. Fig. 6. A specimen showing the upper surface of the pileus. . A specimen showing more of the lower surface. . Vertical section of a pileus. . Lines representing the dichotomous branching of the tamellee. oOo mst oO CORTINARIUS CASTANEOIDES Peck. Page 111. Fig. 10. A specimen with the pileus partly expanded. “ 11. A specimen with the pileus expanded. « 12. A cluster of small plants. Fras. 13, 14. Vertical sections of pilei. Fic. 15. Transverse section of a stem. te Mus. Nat. Hist. 23. ; JP TONY GE IC ee =) See eS Oe ee : = =z . ur 9 2 : 3 > — ! \ x4 N Adelie | es cis) i PLATE I. CORTINARIUS SQUAMULOSUS Peck. Page 108, . A specimen with the pileus but little expanded. . Part of a specimen with the pileus more expanded. . Part of a vertical section of a pileus. AGARICUS JOHNSONIANUS Peck. Page 98. . A specimen of medium size. . A specimen of small size. . Vertical section of a pileus. te Mus. Nat. Hist. 28. Fun Gil a Plate 3, LTRS is en IP Wagkt alate bs id nm ‘ at mie | HEM EB PAA sal ‘ i, al a Hated pe iy, wT oh Liters ¥ 43 ord 0M Wh I eet ae ra dongle 3%. ; ee f pal sr) vy (ently o Ly ; Stent) ney Pa | wee eek ie Asa etty balk vi Wath qe hal iit ber ue. rath 7 (ie Vaal? IR ee af ae PLATE I. . AGARICUS CUR VO-MARGINATUS Peck. eer Page 92. a a od 1, 2. Lateral view of two specimens of unequal lengths. Fie. 3. A specimen showing more of the lower surface of the i © 4, Vertical section of a pileus. 5. Transverse section of a stem. AGARICUS STRICTIOR Peck. ; eee Page 88. aoe’ o . by Fig. 6. A specimen showing the upper surface of the pileus. 7 «7% A specimen showing the lower surface. ; « 8. Vertical section of a pileus. « 9. Transverse section of a stem. eae LACTARIUS sorDIDUS Peck. Page 119. Fie. 10. A specimen showing the upper surface of the pileus. - 11. A specimen showing more of the lower surface. yi 12. Vertical section of a pileus. ; «ie * cael sari Oe ; x rd ‘ae ae - ee a i a f - ‘ % , is pe ae “; ee rig ay * eo ’ Plate 2 rg garneernrene be 0 LO SIAML IASI PAE . Bi HAS PNee ACES NIRS AMEE LN LATA RL TARE coervsenele eT LE State Mus. Nat. Hest. ) Ay ee 6 ® "Pr. 5 FSO Oe et ch. ———$—$$$$—$——— PLATES AND EXPLANATIONS. PLATE I. LYCOPERDON GIgANTEUM Batsch.* Page 53. 1. A specimen of medium size. HyeropHorus nivipus B. &. R. ,: Page 114. 2. A young plant 3. A specimen showing the upper surface of the pileus. 4, A specimen showing more of the lower surface. 5. Vertical section of a pileus. 6. Transverse section of a stem. AGARICUS SARCOPHYLLUS Peck. vy Page 96. Fie. 7. A specimen with the pileus unexpanded. il Ye “8, A small specimen, showing the lower surface of the pileus. . : a « 9, A larger specimen, showing the lower surface. — —— *--:10. Vertical section of a pileus. me oe _ “ 11, Transverse section of a stem. 4° og z sd i i; i fs q i- - - : es . z ot > \ $ a Pa ath "4 a aan tot L § 4 he porte wal . a aga d } aa b Hal ¥ ‘i; . ‘ k ‘ : aE) Neate is ist. 23. State Mus. Nat | | PCR eR RIT Dl ge a a oF * Bg Fees pate rl ee ae Twenty Fourtw Reaen rs REPORT, ees ie THE BOTANIST. tn Ke, S. B. Wootwortn, LL.D., Secretary of the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York: Srr.—The following report of work done during the year 1869, toward perfecting the State Herbarium, is respectfully submitted : Since the date of my last report, specimens of four hundred and twenty-two species of plants have been poisoned, mounted and placed in the Herbarium, three hundred and fifty-four of which were not before represented in it. Sixty-eight are varieties previously unrepresented, or better specimens than had before been obtained. A list of the names is given in a paper marked (1). Specimens have been collected in the counties of Albany, Rensse- laer, Saratoga, Warren, Hamilton, Lewis, Oneida, Otsego, Schoharie, Greene, Putnam and Orange, representing three hundred and one species new to the Herbarium, two hundred and ninety-nine new to the State and eighty-seven new to science, two of them representing two new genera. A list of these is given in a paper marked (2). Speciniens have been contributed, or obtained by exchange or in naming, which were collected in the counties of Suffolk, Richmond, New York, Westchester, Rockland, Ulster, Greene, Oneida, Onon- daga and Erie. Of these, seventy-eight are new-to the Herbarium and not among my collections of the past season, seventy-six are additions to the flora of the State and three are new species. If these be added to the collected species, the total becomes three hun- dred and seventy-nine new to the Herbarium, three hundred and seventy-five new to the State, and ninety new species. 4? TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. A classified tabular statement is given below: eee ear | | | hs j Z | g | 2 | se | 3s | 3! ite sf | 3 |. & 18 =i ae em > | Ee | o H o (>) oO Z zi a Nerina. cen ee ee 2 | | Plants collected...... ll aivehens<. 4422 Se ai Lit | | : fp RT, Se cs ade 288 | 288 .| 87 2 "ea i eee Here Lp cts ink | 801 | 999 |-387 7 | Flowering plants; 15; 13 ae PV Moppes = 3 cat «31 2 | 9 hob Plants contributed ... Netacheneer rN aa 15 | | L| Marca l ss tl's .} » 46 46 | 3 | Meret ges Eat isch Wanwiseiee Fre bh 18.|., 76 03a Collected and contrib’ted| ............... | 379 | 875 | 90 2 This statement does not include a large number of* contributed specimens of species already represented in the Herbarium, nor unrepresented varieties of such species, neither extra limital ones. Of the latter class there are about thirty species, the specimens being from Rhode Island, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Colorado, California, Mexico, Michigan, Alabama and China. It is a gratify- ing fact, and one that indicates an increasing interest in botanical studies and investigations, that in no previous year have botanical contributions, communications and inquiries been received-in so great numbers, nor from so many persons. Thanks are due to the botanists of this State and of others for their liberal contributions. A list of them is given in a paper marked (3). New species and their descriptions, previously unreported species, remarkable varieties and observations, are given in a paper marked (4). Appended to the list of collected plants, marked (2), is a list of edible fungi, collected and contributed ; fourteen species in all, making, with those previously reported, about sixty edible species in the State. Agaricus abortivus has not before been published as edible, but it is now thus classed, after a trial of its edible qualities without Report or THE Borantist. 43 any disagreeable results. Writers differ in their estimate of the qualities of Agaricus melleus and Lactarius piperatus. The former is said by some to be disagreeable and nauseons and the latter has even been classed with the poisonous species. Aware that tastes differ in such matters, I simply express my own views, after a fair trial of these species, in saying that the former, when well cooked, is decidedly good, and the latter is not only harmless, but scarcely inferior in edible qualities to the much lauded Lactarius deliciosus. The unpleasant or acrid taste of these species when raw is perhaps the occasion of hostility to them. Agaricus ostreatus, Cantharellus cibarius and Lycoperdon giganteum attord a very palatable dish, but “/elvella esculenta and Hydnum coralloides have to me a somewhat strong fungoid flavor, but they produce no bad effects, and perhaps by different preparation might furnish agreeable tood. The species of the genera Clavaria and A‘cidium are not in all eases sharply defined, and they therefore present some difficulties to the student. With a view to aid students in their discrimination of the species already found in the State, a synopsis of them is given in a paper marked (5). The plan of making colored drawings of the fleshy fungi has been followed and in some instances extended so as to include micros¢opie¢ species. The number of species and varieties thus figured the past season is one hundred and sixty-three. The figures will be placed on . the species sheet with the dried specimens, and though not especially artistic, being often of necessity hastily made before the plant should wither, they serve to show the essential characters of the plant, and will be of great aid to those studying the specimens. The condition of the specimens in the Herbarium is unimpaired. The specimens of fleshy fungi, though especially liable to the attacks of insects, have in no instance, so far as I can see, been at all affected, a good indication of their having been well poisoned. The prepara- tion used consists of the following components: Corrosive sublimate........... Ris. fat 4 drachms, SU DLTLEG: CEMET Sc oat >> >>> bbb bbb bb bib pbb Bruchia flexuosa Schwagr. Bryum Lescurianum Swé/iv. Dicranum pellucidum Hedw. Plagiothecium latebricola B. Z. Biatora Hypnophila Ach. Buellia geographica Z. Coniocybe pallida 4”, Placodium cerinum Hedw. Opegrapha varia Ach. Calicium subtile Pers. C. Curtisil Duck. Arthonia astroidea Ach. Leeanora ventosa Ach. Cetraria nivalis Ach. Mycoporum pyenorum Z'uck. Lyngbya flacea Ag. Desmarestia aculeata Lamour. Callithamnion cruciatum Ag. C. virgultorum /Zarv. Enteromorpha intestinalis Zz. Nemalion multifidum J. Ag. Rhodomela subfusca Ag. Calothrix confervicola Ag. Cladophora uncialis #7?. Dan. Agaricus vernus /7. Phalloides /?. ae ceesareus Scop. A. vaginatus Bai. Cecilie B. & Br. farinosus Sechw. clypeolarius Luld. acutesquamosus Wetnm. naucinus /?. . granulosus Batsch. vaceinus Pers. variegatus Scop. personatus /7?. albofiavidus Pk. nebularis Batsch. infundibuliformis Scha. earnosior Pk. illudens Schw. Adirondackensis Pk. Poculum Pk. brumalis 77. ditopus F?. metachrous F?. vulgaris Pers. paluster Pk. collariatus F?. 46 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORY ON TH STATE MUSEUM. Agaricus prelongus Pk. sddde dad dddddddddddddddddas: ° PEP PEEP PPE bE b> bbb bbb bb oalericulatus Scop. purus Meer: Corticola Sehwm. sanguinolentus d. &@S. Familia 2k. dryophilus Budd. stipitarius £7. Campanella Batsch. Fibula Budi. umbelliferus Z. cervinus Schaef. nanus Pers. leoninus Scheff. rhodopolius 7”. strictior Pk. serrulatus Pers. adiposus #7. temnophyllus Ph. Hallianus Pk. curvo-marginatus Pk. scor pioides Lr, semiorbicularis Budd. Lignicola Pk: Sehr ane ie Pike: vernalis P&. lateritins J’. ovalis Fr. tener Schaef. Hypnorum Batsch. rimosus bud. fastigiatus Lr. snbochraceus Pe flocculosus erk. geophyllus Sow. sarcophyllus PA. silvicola Vet. Hornemanni /7. Johnsonianus Pk. perplexus Pk. semiglobatus Batsch. sterconarius EY, spadiceus #7. cernuus A/uw//. semilanceolatus 7. solidipes PA. retirugis Batsch. campanulatus Z. papilionaceus Lull. fimicola F7?. Agaricus gracilis 77. A. atomatus F7?. A. disseininatus /’ers. Coprinus tomentosus J. ni OF niveus /?. GC: micaceus /7?. GC. plicatilis #7. (O. ephemerus /7, Cortinarius caperatus 7. C. coloratus P&. C; communis Pk. w: luteofuscus Pk. C. collinitus /?. C. tricolor Pk. C; argentatus F?. C. alboviolaceus /7. C. violaceus F?. C. subochraceus P#. CG. autumnalis P#. (S: Catskillensis Pk. @: squamnulosus PA. C. armillatus 7. C. castaneoides 1k. C. bitormis #7. oP distans Pk C. sanguineus £7, C. *cinnamomeus /7. C. castaneus 77, (OF vernalis Pk. Hygrophorus chrysodon /?. Eis congelatus Pipe H. coecineus /?. EE. nitidus B. & C. Lactarius pyrogalus 77. plumbeus £7, iT elyciosmus /?. lip platyphyllus PA. Ibs aftinis P&. L sordidus Pk. ibe torminosus //?. Tes subdulcis 7”. I: camphoratus 7. Ti, rufus /?. L. uvidus 7. ibe piperatus /7. Russula decolorans /?. Re nitida 7. R. foetens F?. Cantharellus floccosus Schw. C. cibarius /?. RePoORT oF THE BOTANIS?T. 47 Cantharellus cinnabarinus Schw. C: intundibuliformis /?. C. aurantiacus /7?. OF dichotomus P&. Marasmius subvenosus 2. M.- ~~ scorodonius /?. M. oreades F?. Lentinus cochleatnus /7. L. lepideus /. Lenzites Crateegi Berk. Boletus luteus Z. collinitus /’?. albus Pk. Elbensis Pk. flavidus /7. pictus Ph. Clintonianus Pk. spectabilis Ph. paluster Px. Sistotrema F7. subtomentosus /7. edulis Bull. eyanescens Budd. scaber Ladd. retipes B. d& C. auriporus Pk. strobilaceus Scop. * Poly porus salicinus /7. Thelephor a laciniatus Pers. Bovista nigrescens Pers. B. plumbea Pers. Lycoperdon giganteum Latsch. L. eosluenan: Fr. Geaster saceatus /’r. Didymium cinereum £7. Acidiun Impatientis Schw. Geranli DC. Limonii PA. Myricatum Schw. Orobi DC. Fraxini Schw. Violee Schum. (Enotheree Pk. pustulatum Crt. Podophylli Schw. Epilobii DC. q re ifidum DC. Hisareriali Schw. Claytoniatum Schw. macrosporum Ph. . ERP EER SPE Heres ee op Cr eeernnere Acidium Compositarum Mart. ‘AB Clematitis Schw. Ravenelia glanduliformis B.&C. Polycystis Ranunculacearum Desm. Uromyces macrospora B. & (. AU: Limonti Zev. Ustilago segetum Ditm. Podisoma macropus Sehw. Aregma mucronatum /?, Triphragmium clavellosum Berk. Puccinia Tiarelle B. & O. te Compositarum Seh. RB. Helianthi Schw. P. Asteris Schw. ie: Xanthii Schw. ee Violarum Zh. P; Umbelliterarum DOC. fe Circeeee Pers. P. porphyrogenita Curt. p mesomajalis B. & CO. P. Anemones /e7s. coronata Cd. : Peckianym, lowe. Uredo Ari-Virginiei Schw. U. Gichoracear um Lev. U. Cheerophylli Sehv. ul Filicum Desm. U: Azaleee Schw. Uz Rubigo DC. ie Vacciniorum Johast. Ue pustulata Pers. Lecythea cylindrica Strauss. ibe gyrosa Berk. iB Saliceti Lev. Cystopus candidts Lew. Microthyrium Smilacis De Wot. Yryptosporium filicinum : B.C: Coniothecium toruloideum B. & C. Spheeropsis Candollei B. & Br. palbeanoes magna Berk. Diplodia Mori Berk. Streptothrix atra B. & ©. Helminthosporium Tiara Bis Ce Ta: if macrocarpon Grev. Sporocybe Persicee #7. AS TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE Museum, Fusisporium Buxi 77. } 1 miniatum 3B. & C. Macrosporium Cheiranthi 7. Septoria Polygonorum Desm. CEnothere B. & C. Rubi L..&.C. Toxicodendri Cw7t. sanguinea Desi. destruens DVesm. viride-tingens Crt. Liriodendri B. & C. Vitis B. & C. . . dmg age Pyri Curt. Ascospor a Pedophylli Curt. Labrella Pomi J/ont. Helvella Infula Scheff. Leotia lubrica Pers. i. circinans /ers. Bulgaria rufa Schw. Rhizina undulata “7. Peziza cyathoidea Bull. P. , anomala Pers. P: coccinea Jacq. FP. Virginea Batsch. iP. aipedtan Schw. Tympanis picastra B. & C. Hysterium flexuosum Schw. i. Rubi Pers. Plantaginicola B. & C- Hysterium Fraxini Pers. Glonium stellatum IW/whl. Cordyceps militaris 47. e. purpurea /’r. Hypoxylon multiforme 7. Ta. nummularium /7?. id, coprophilum #7. Diatrype virescens Schw. 1D: Durizi J/ont. 1D» haustellata 27. IDA stigma /7. Melogramma Quereuum /?. Massaria vomitoria B. & C. Spheeria aquila Yr. S. putaminum Schw. S. morbosa Schw. S. doliolum Pers. Microspheria Syringes Schw. M. Vaccinii Pk. Erysiphe lamprocarpa Lev. EE: fuseata B. & C. Uncinula adunea Lev. Dothidea Robertiani /’?. Depazea Smilacicola Schw. Dp: Pyrole F7%. D. Kalmicola Schw. D. « Fraxinicola Curt. Asterina Gaultheriz Curt. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. PLANTS COLLECTED NEW TO THE HERBARIUM. Aspidium aculeatum Swartz. i Thelypteris Swartz. Cetraria nivalis Ach. C. Pinastri Ach. Lecanora ventosa Ach. Biatora exigua /?, 5. lucida 7. Arthonia astroidea Ach. Pyrenula leucoplaca DC. Umbilicaria Pennsylvanica Hm. Coniocybe furfuracea 7. Leptogium pulchellum Vy. Ephebe pubescens 7. Agaricus rubescens Pers. volvata Pe. equestris Z. Schumacheri /7. Trentonensis Pz. chrysenteroides Pk. Sienna P&. Hoffmani Pk. ectypoides PA. Calathus Buab. marmoreus Ps. fragrans Sow. zonatus Pk. elusilis 7. spinulifer P. simillimus PA. Leaianus Berk. hematopus Pers. leptophyllus P&. Fibuloides P&. lilacinus P#. pyxidatus 7. ulmarius /?. porrigens Pers. admirabilis P&. sericellus F?. Grayanus Pk. Woodianus P&. abortivus B. & C. Seymourianus PA. asprellus 77. seabrosus /?. 4 fe ee eer es Lema Paul. Agaricus conicus Pk. Clintonianus Pk. delicatulus Pk. cuspidatus Pk. salmoneus Pk. flammans £7. squarrosus J/wld. heteroclitus 7’. aggericola Pk. Highlandensis Pk. Wiens Pk. excedens P&. Ascophorus Pk. mutatus Pk. dorsalis Pk. mollis Scheff. variabilis Pers. haustellaris 7. Greigensis Pk. eximius PA. limicola Pk. ee POET Bae ee A. odoratus Pk. Coprinus radiatus Bolt. C. silvaticus Pk. C. semilanatus Pk. Bolbitius nobilis P&. Cortinarius corrugatus P&. : olivaceus Pk. SOF bolaris F?. C. asper Ph. Be evernius //7. Gomphidius viscidus /7. Hygrophorus puniceus 7. ES miniatus /7. H. letus F?. Jee psittacinus Scheff. Lactarius serifluus DC. cinereus Pk. L fumosus Pk. L. trivialis /7. iL: insulsus /7?. A Chelidonium PA. Russula virescens /7?. R Marie Pk. lit rubra /?. R simillimus P&. 49 50 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Paxillus involutus Batsch. Cantharellus cinereus F?. Plicatura Alni Pk. Marasmius candidus 77. perforans /7. pulcherripes Pk. papillatus Pk. filopes Pk. striatipes Pk. anomalus Pk. decurrens Pk. Panu salicinus P&. Boletus bicolor PA. gracilis Pk. oe poripes Hr. glomeratus Pk. rubiginosus Rostk. marginatus LY. fumosus 7. betulinus 7. cesius F?. zonatus /7. velutinus 7. elongatus Berk. Viticola 77. Vaillantii 7. vesiculosus B. & @. corticola /7. Praniebes sepium Berk. Hydnum ferrugineum /7. inh zonatum Batsch. - SRS Ty leh pithyophilum B. & C. Kneiffia setigera /7. K. candidissima B. & C. Odontia fimbriata 7. Phlebia radiata /?. iE: zonata B. & C. Guepinia spathularia 77. Craterellus lutescens F. Stereum albobadium Schw. S. Curtissii Berk. S: rugosum /7, Corticium inearnatum /?. C. Liquidambaris B. & C. C. scutellatum B. & C. C: salicinum /7. C. Auberianum J/ont. C. Rubicola B. & C. Thelephora coralloides 77. Thelephora tuberosa Grev. caryophyllea F7. hs sebacea [7 Clavaria argillacea F’7. fragilis [Zolmsk. mucida Pers. ligula J’. tetragona Schw. flava Fr. cinerea Bull. trichopus Pers. Kunzei /7. spinulosa Pers. apiculata Hr. erispula F?. Calocera cornea F7. C. palmata Fr. C. viscosa Lr. Tremella foliacea Pers. Exidia repanda 7. Nematelia nucleata 77. IN: atrata Pk. Cyphella fulva B. & &. Phallus impudicus /7. Corynites Ravenelii Berk. Geaster minimus Schw. Lycoperdon molle Pers. Ts atropurpureum Vette. L. subincarnatum P&. Scleroderma Bovista /7. Stemonitis fusea APoth. Trichia pyriformis Hofm. lie chrysosperma DC, (ie varia Pers. i serpula Pers. Arcyria punicea Pers. Didymium squamulosum A. S. Dictydium magnum PA. Microthyrium Smilacis De ZV. Leptostroma vulgare /’. Phoma ampelinum B. & C. ‘P Menispermi P#. Spheronema subulatum /7. S. pruinosum PA. S. Coryli PA. S. acerinum Pk, Sphieropsis pulchella B. & C. 8 Menispermi PA. 8. anomala P&. Nololololololololololo REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 51 Vermicularia Dematium 7. ¥: ovata Schw. Discosia Artocreas /7. Melanconium bicolor /?. Discella obscura B. & C. Coryneum clavesporium Pk. Nemaspora aurea /7. mt. Russellii B. & C. Septoria Viole Desi. Erigeronis Pk. Phliyectenoides B. & C. Hippocastani BL. & Br. Nabali B. & C. Lobeliz Pk. ytispora melasperma /7. parva B. & C. coryneoides LB. & C. Pinastri 77. hyalosperma /7. Torula populina PA. Uredo Aspidiotus PA. : cidioides Pk. Trichobasis Iridicola Pk. ii suaveolens Leo. Ustilago longissima Zl. Montagnei Zw. Uromyces Polygoni Fuckel. w. Caricis Pk. Pileolaria brevipes B. & C. Aregma obtusatum /7. Puccinia Nolistangeris Cd. minutula PA. Pyrole Cooke. Convolvuli B. & C. tripustulata P&. Gerardii Pk. emaculata Schw. : striola Zk. cidium Berberidis Pers. Erigeronatum Schw. tenue Schw. Osmorrhize Pk. Mariz-Wilsoni Pk. Reestelia cornuta Zul. Stilbum Rhois B. & C. pellucidum Schrad. giganteum Pk. _ Fusarium erubescens B. & C. Tubercularia nigricans DC. Oidium fructigenum ze. QQAHORnARnAM by By bs by POO A ED 0 Oo TAT Sepedonium chrysospermum * e Monotospora triseptata Pk. Helvella crispa F?. H. sulcata Afz. H. elastica Bull. H. gracilis Pk. Leotia*circinans Pers. Geoglossum luteum P#. glabrum Pers. Peziza fusca Pers. rubricosa Fr. vinosa A. & S. mollisioides Schw. Erinaceus Schw. echinosperma Pk. eruginosa Fr, hemispherica W2gq. eariosa Pk. rubra Pk. Tiliz PA. comata Schw. Persoonii Joug. Dermatea furfuracea Fr. Nodularia balsamicola PA. Sphinctrina Cerasi B. & C. Tympanis alnea Pers. Cenangium triangulare Schw. © C. Prunastri F7. C. Cerasi Fr. Hysterium pulicare Fr. i: Smilacis Schw. H. Azaleze Schw. fi: virgultorum Desm. Xylaria corniformis F7. Rhizomorpha subcorticalis Pers. Hypocrea floccosa Fr. Hypoxylon concentricum Bolt. H. Howeianum P#. perforatum Schw. argillaceum Fr. H: HE: H: Beaumontii B. & C. H. H. er a ane eee an eee Morseii B. & C. anthracodes FA’. Nectria Peziza Fr. Valsa pulchella F7. V. salicina F7. We leucostoma F?. 5 Pini F?. Spheeria aculeans Schw. . ( 4 452 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Spheeria Tilize 77. 8. longissima Pers. 8. Coptis Schw. S. Sarracenize Schw. S. Solidaginis Schw. 8. Taxicola Pk. Dothidea Ribesia Pers. > Dothidea Sambuci 7”. D. erystallophora B. & C. D. flabella B. & C. Dp; Pteridis Pers. Dp: Anemones /?. Erineum roseum Schultz. Podospheeria Cerasi Lev. EDIBLE FUNGI. Agaricus rubescens Pers. : ulmarius Sov. A. abortivus B. & C. A. squarrosus J/ull. Paxillus involutus 7. Russula virescens /7. Polyporus poripes /7. Clavaria flava 7. C. tetragona Schw. Helvella crispa /7. Lactarius insulsus /7. H. sulcata Afz. Contributed. Agaricus bombycinus Schaef. | Polyporus frondosus /7. (3) LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS. W. H. Leceett, New York. Clematis ochroleuca Azz. Thalictrum purpureum Z. Ranunculus ab. v. micrantha Gr. Rt. Cymbalaria Pursh. Corydalis flavula Raf. Nasturtium palustre DC. N. sylvestre 2. Br. Barbarea preecox £2. Br. Arabis perfoliata Zam. Erysimum cheiranthoides Z. Alliaris officinalis Ander. Lepidium ruderale LZ. Draba Caroliniana Wald. Polanisia graveolens Raf. Viola primuleefolia Z. Lechea Novee-Ceesareve Aust. Silene inflata Smzth. 8. Armeria Z. Lychnis vespertina Szdth. Arenaria peploides Z. Cerastium oblongifolium Torr. Stellaria longifolia D/whl. Linum striatum Wald. Parnassia Caroliniana Wichez. Frangula Caroliniana Gray. Polygala polygama Walt. ie: brevifolia Vuwtt. Pe Nuttallii 7. & C. Coronilla varia DC. Prunus maritima Wang. Rubus cuneifolius Pwrsh. Crategus parvifolia Azz. Sedum acre L. Galium Mollugo Z. Stylosanthes elatior Swartz. Galactia mollis Afiche. Ludwigia alternifolia Z. L. spheerocarpa V1. Ammannia humilis Miche. Lythrum Hyssopifolia Z. L. lineare L. Hydrocotyle interrupta MZwhl. Eclipta pro. v. brachypoda Gr. Eupatorium rotundifolium Z. E. pubescens whl. Galinsoga parviflora Cav. Liatris scariosa Walld. Solidago rigida L. Report oF THE BOtANIST. 53 Melissa officinalis Z. Wolftia Columbiana Aarst. Mentha rotundifolia Z. Potamogeton hybridus Miche. M. aqu. v. crispa Benth. Tipularia discolor Vuze. Ilex opaca A7t. ‘| Commelyna Virginica Z. Cuscuta inflexa Engelm. Eleocharis olivacea Zorr. Lemna minor Z. Botrychium lanceolatum Angst. J. S. Merrtam, New York. Sesuvium Portulacastrum Z. Crepis virens L. Nabalus racemosus Hook. S. N. Cowzszs, Otisco, N. Y. Carex capillaris Z. e W. R. Gerarp, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Acidium Urtice DC. Aregma obtusatum /7. Ab. Iridis Gerard. Pileolaria brevipes B. & C. AB. aroid. v. Caladii Schw. Glonium stellatum J/wAl. Reestelia cornuta Zul. Hypoxylon concentricum Lol. G. B. Braterp, Brooklyn, N. Y. Juncus maritimus Zam. EK. L. Hanxenson, Newark, N. Y. Hibiscus Trionum Z. Juncus alp. v. insignis /7. Claytonia Virginica Z. Carex lup. v. gigantea Lord. Gaylussacia frondosa 7. & G. Hierochloa borealis 2. & WN. Salix nig. v. amygdalinus And. Ricuarp Prescott, Albany, N. Y. Spheeropsis anomala PA. E. C. Hows, M. D., New Barrmorg, N. Y. Fedia radiata Miche. Polyporus porosus /7. F. umbilicata Sulliv. Acidium aroid. v. Caladii Schw. Dicranum spurium Hedw. Erineum guercinum Aze. Trichobasis Galii Lev. Arthonia Lecideélla Vy. Lecythea Rose Lev. Biatora exigua /7. Pileolaria brevipes B. & RP. Collema cyrtaspes Tuck. Uromyces Polygoni Fuckel. 54 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE Museum. C. S. Ossorn, Rochester, N. Y. Anemone nemorosa ZL, Pyrola seeunda Z. Aquilegia Canadensis Z. Chimaphila umbellata Wud. Cardamine rhom. y. purpurea Zorr.) Couopholis Americana Wadlr. Dentaria laciniata Mul. Pedicularis Canadensis Z. Arabis lyrata Z. Mentha viridis Z. Polanisia graveolens Raf. M. piperita Z. Viola rostrata Pursh. Asclepias tuberosa L. Hypericum Kalmianum JL. fa quadrifolia Jacq. Saxifraga Virginiensis Micha. d\ verticillata Z. Tiarella cordifolia Z. Shepherdia Canadensis (Vwt#. Houstonia purp. v. ciliolata Gr. | Comandra umbellata Vue. Liatris cylindracea Micha. Sisyrinchium Bermudiana Z. Aster ptarmicoides 7. & @. Pelleea atropurpurea Zk. Erigeron bellidifolium D/wAl. Cheilanthes lanuginosa WVutt. Lobelia Kalmii Z. Camptosorus rhizophyllus ZA. Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi Spreng. | Asplenium Trichomanes Z. C. F. Austin, Closter, N. J. Sticta crocata Ach. | | Lecanora rubina V7d/. Ephebe pubescens 77. Collema pulposum Ach. Miss Mary L. Wizson, Buffalo, N. Y. Usnea cavernosa Tuck. Lecidea Russellii Z'uck. Evernia furfuracea Jann. Pertusaria pustulata Ach. E. vulpina Ach. Myriangium Curtisii B. & I. Ramalina calicaris 17. Endocarpon arboreum Schw. Physcia pulverulenta /7. Trypethelium cruentum J/ont. cil. v. angustata Zuck. Leptogium phyllocarpum Vy, Pannaria lurida Mont. L. pulchellum Vy. Biatora rub. v. spadicea Z'uck. Collema pycnocarpum Vy. B. rub. v. Schweinitzii Zwck. | Cladonia macilenta Hoffm. Buellia alboatra Scher. Stereocaulon condensatum Hofm. Lecanora cinerea Fr. | Parmelia colpodes Ach. Gyalecta cupularis Scher. : S. B. Wootworrn, LL.D., Albany, N. Y. Argemone Mexicana Z. Artemisia frigida Wald. Liatris Boykinii 7. & G@. Chrysopsis villosa Vutt. Cleome integrifolia Vwtt. Rev. Henry A. Ritey, Montrose, Pa. Verbascum Thapsus Z. (white flowered.) REPORT oF THE BOTANIST. 55 M. S. Bess, Fountaindale, Il. Draba brachycarpa Vutte. Castilleia sessiliflora Ph. Car. v. micrantha Bebd. Euphorbia commutata Lngelm. Lithospermum longiflorum Spreng. Miss Saran P. Monx, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Polypodium vulgare v. Cambricum Z. Hon. A. 8. Jounson, Utica, N. Y. Agaricus bombycinus Scheff. | Lycoperdon cyathiformis-ose. Henry Gititman, Detroit, Mich. Wolffia Columbiana Aarst. Lemna minor Z. W. arrhiza Z. S. T. Otnry, Providence, R. I. Carex juncea Wild. Carex Olneyi Boott. C. gynandra Schw. C: polymorpha MWuhl. . striata Miche. ib: DD; Grremrn-Uties, IN. ¥7 Adiantum Capillus-Junonis Rupt.| Cheilanthes argentea Hook. Frank B. Cornwett, Vallejo, Cal. Lecanora ventosa Ach. Hon. G. W. Curnton, Buffalo, N. Y. Draba verna Z. AXcidium Penstemonis Schw. Primula Mistassinica J/chea. AB. Thalictri Grev. Dicranum palustre Brid. vA Allenii Clinton. Ranunculacearum DC. Berberidis Pers. Euphorbie-hypericifolie, Schw. Houstoniatum Schw. Gnaphaliatum Schw. quadrifidum DC. macrosporium P, tenue Schw. Menthe DC. Iridis Gerard. Orthotrichum psilocarpum James. Phallus impudicus #7. Tremella mesenterica Petz. ' In diame- ter. Plant pale yellow throughout, 3-5’ high, pileus 9’-12” broad, stem 1°—1.5" thick. Swamps and sphagnous marshes. Sandlake. August. (Plate 2, figs. 14-18.) Appar ently closely allied to A. Mu urrai, but the pileus is not striate, and is distinguished by a remarkable cusp. The spores are a little lar ger than in A. Murraii. Agaricus (ENTOLOMA) SALMONEUS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, conicai or campanulate, subacute, rarely with a minute papilla at the apex, smooth, of a peculiar soft ochraceous color, slightly tinged with salmon or flesh color ; lamellz and stem colored like the pileus. Low grounds, under spruce trees and in swamps. Sandlake. August. (Plate 4, figs. 6-9.) It is with some hesitation that this is proposed as a species, its resemblance to the preceding one is so close. The only difference is found in its color and in the absence of the prominent cusp of that plant. In both species the pileus is so thin, that in well dried specimens, slender, dark, radiating lines on it, mark the position of the lamella beneath, although in the living plants these are not visible. Agaricus (Ciiropitus) WoopIANnts 2. sp. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex or expanded, umbilicate or centrally depressed, hygrophanous, striatulate on the margin when moist, whitish or yellowish-white and shining when dry, the margin often wavy or flexuous; lamellz close, adnate-decurrent, whitish, then flesh colored ; stem equal, flexuous, shining, colored like the pileus, solid or hollow from the erosion of insects; spores subglobose, irregular, 3,5, long. Plant 3’ high, pileus 1—2’ broad, stem 2” thick. Ground and old logs in woods. Greig. September. It resembles A. Grayanus i in color, but is easily distinguished from it by the more slender habit and the character of the lamelle. Dedicated to Prof. A. Wood, in view of his exalted position as a botanist, and of the many acts of kindness the writer has received from him. ~ o 66 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Agaricus aBortivus B. & C. Ground in woods and copses. Greig and Greenbush. Septem- ber and October. The lamelle are arcuate and long-decurrent in some specimens, nearly plane and adnate-decurrent in others. They are at first grayish with a flesh colored tint, at length bright flesh colored ; some of them are forked. The odor is like that of fresh meal, the taste not unpleasant. I have partaken of it without any injurious effects, and deem it edible, though not as pleasant as some. The abortive form sometimes grows intermingled with the others, sometimes alone. Acaricts (CirropiLus) SEYMOURIANUS 2. sp. Pileus fleshy, thin, broadly convex, sometimes a little depressed, smooth, pruinose, whitish with a dark lilac tinge; lamellz narrow, erowded, decurrent, some of them forked at the base, whitish with a dull flesh colored tint ; stem equal, silky-fibrillose, hollow ; spores globose, minute, +7) 7 long. Plant gregarious, 2'-3' high, pileus 12.5’ broad, stem 3’—4" thick. Ground in woods. Greig. September. The pileus is sometimes lobed and excentrie. I take pleasure in naming this species for Hon. Horatio Seymour, in view of the interest he has manifested in the study of fungi. AGARICUS ASPRELLUS F?. Swamps and sphagnous marshes.. Sandlake. August. AGaricus scaprosus Fr. Swamps. Sandlake. August. Agaricus (NOLANEA) CONICUS 2. sp. Pileus submembranaceous, conical, at length expanded, with a minute umbo or papilla, ineeeinae. dull watery ‘cinnamon color and striatulate when moist, silky shining, subzonate and pale grayish cinnamon when dry; lamelle close, rather narrow, nearly free, terminating before the margin of the pileus, bright flesh color; stem slender, straight, hollow, brown with white mycelium at the base ; spores subovate, irregular, 3;{55 long. Plant 2’ high, pileus 4’-10" broad, stem .5" thick. Among moss and on rotten wood in swamps. Sandlake. August. Agaricus (NoLANEA) DELICATULUS 2. Sp. Pileus submembranaceous, convex, then expanded, smooth, hygrophanous, striatulate when moist, silky when dry, pinkish RePoRT oF THE BOTANIST. 67 white; lamelle subdistant, rather broad, ventricose, slightly attached, white, then flesh-colored; stem long, slender, smooth, hollow, Sean” white, spores subelliptical, ae ssa long. Plant fragile, 2'-3' high, pileus 6” broad, stem .5" thick. Sphag- nous swamps. Sandlake. August. Agaricus (NoLANEA) CLINTONIANUS 7. Sp. Pileus submembranaceous, broadly conical, sometimes expanded and wavy-margined, a little seabrous-squamulose on the disk, striate on the margin, whitish or light gray, the disk sometimes a little darker ; lamellze narrow, close, nearly free or easily separating from the Mn, whitish, teconne pale flesh-colored ; stem slender, equal, smooth, hollow, white, sometimes slightly Hees: with Se he with an abundant white mycelium at the base; spores subelliptical, irre- gular, 334, long. Plant 2'-4' high, pileus 1’-1.5' *broad, stem scarcely 1” thick. Swamps. Sandlake. August. I take pleasure in naming this apparently rs rare species for Hon. G. W. Clinton, one of the most energetic and enthusiastic botanists of the State. AGARICUS FLAMMANS /?, Old logs in woods. Greig. September. A most beautiful plant, preserving its color well in drying. AGARICUS squARROSUS J/ull. Prostrate trunks of deciduous trees. Sandlake. August and September. AGARICUS HETEROCLITUS //7. On an old beech log. Greig. September. Agaricus (PHortora) AGGERICOLA n. sp. Pileus convex, at length slightly depressed, smooth, viscid in wet weather, slightly striatulate on the margin when moist, dark brown ; lamellz subdistant, decurrent-toothed, grayish; stem equal or slightly tapering upward, fibrous, solid, anally curved at the base, lighter colored than the pileus, white above the membranous annulus ; spores elliptical, »4,, long. Plant 2-3 high, pileus 1'-2° broad, stem 3-5" thick. Banks by roadsides. Greig. September. Agaricus (Navucorta) HicHLANnpEnsis n. sp. Pileus convex, sometimes expanded, smooth, viscid, yellowish- red, often paler on the margin; lamelle close, rounded behind, 68 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. sometimes with a slight decurrent tooth, at length pale cinnamon color; stem equal, hollow, minutely floccose-scaly, yellowish ; spores 3,45, long. Plant gregarious, 1’-1.5' high, pileus 6’-12" broad, stem 1” thick. _ Burnt ground. Top of one of the “ Highlands,” near Highland Falls. June. Allied to A. semiorbicularis, but easily separated from it by its more viscid pileus, paler lamellz, squamulose stem and smaller spores. Agaricus (HEBELOMA) ILLICITUS 2. Sp. Pileus fleshy, firm, broadly convex or expanded, smooth, hygro- phanous, very dark brown when moist, a little paler when dry; lamelle close, broad, tapering outwardly, plane or ventricose, rounded behind with a very slight decurrent tooth, pale dingy brown ; stem firm, equal, hollow, scabrous, distinctly striate at the top, paler than the pileus, with a white mycelium; spores sub- elliptical, z5,7 long. Plant compact, gregarious or ceespitose, 1.5—2' high, pileus 1'-1.5' broad, stem 2" thick. Rotten sticks and logs In woods. Greig. September. (Plate 4, Figs. 1-5.) The habitat is unusual for species of this subgenus. Acaricus (HEBELoMA) ASCOPHORUS 7. Sp. : Pileus convex, smooth, viscid, pale alutaceous, often with a brighter colored disk ;. lamellze moderately broad, close, emarginate, attached, pallid or subolivaceous, stem equal, short, stuffed or hol- low, slightly fibrillose, paler than the pileus; spores produced in fragile, globose asci borne on a thick, tapering, penetrating pedun- . . 1 ! cle, elliptical, 5,5, long. Plant 1’ high, pileus 6’-12” broad, stem scarcely 1" thick. Burnt ground in pastures. Greig. September. (Plate 3, Figs. 1-6.) A species remarkable for the peculiar manner in which the spores are produced. There are a dozen or more in each ascus. Under slight pressure on the slide of the microscope the envelop- ing membrane bursts and separates from its peduncle which is of a firmer structure and bears some resemblance in size, shape and color to the spinules on the lamellz of A. spinulifer. The viscid pellicle of the pileus is separable when dry. Agaricus (HEBELOMA) EXCEDENS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, convex, gibbous or broadly umbonate, pale alutace- ous inclining to russet; lamella rather broad, close, deeply emar- ginate, terminating before the margin, minutely eroded on the REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 69 edge, pallid, then brownish; stem equal, solid, silky-fibrillose, colored like the pileus ; spores subelliptical, 5;4,, long. Plant 2’ high, pileus 1’ broad, stem 1’-2" thick. Sandy soil about pine trees. Saratoga. October. Readily known by the thin mar gin extending beyond the lamelle. It has the taste and odor of radishes. Agaricus (HEBELOMA) MUTATUS 7. Sp. Pileus thin, firm, convex or broadly conical, gibbous or broadly umbonate, rough with squarrose fasciculate, floccose scales, which at length disappear except on the disk, dark brown; lamellee broad, close, rounded and very deeply emarginate behind, attached by the extreme upper part only, dark ferruginous brown, edge whitish ; stem slender, equal, solid, firm, floccose-scaly, often curved at the base, colored like the pileus; spores elliptical, 534,’ long. Plant 2'-3' high, pileus 6’-12" broad, stem 1" thick. Damp ground in woods. Catskill mountains. July. The changed appearance produced by the disuppeatante of the scales suggests the specific name. AGaricus (CREPIDOTUS) DORSALIS 2. sp. Pileus fleshy, sessile, dimidiate or subreniform, flat or slightly depressed behind, with a decurved slightly striate margin, slightly fibrillose-tomentose, distinctly tomentose at the point of attach- ment, reddish yellow; lamellz close, ventricose, rounded behind, subemarginate, converging to a whitish, villous, lateral space, pale ochraceous brown; spores globose, z'5y In diameter. Pileus 8"-15" broad. Old logs in woods. Greig. September. Allied to A. putrigena B. & C., but it is not imbricated, and differs in color, size of spores, etc. In general appearance it bears some resemblance to Panus dorsalis. Acaricus MoLLis Scheff. Old logs and rotten wood. Common. July, September. AGARICUS VARIABILIS Pers. Dead trunks of mountain maple, Acer spicatum. Indian Lake, Hamilton county. October. AGARICUS HAUSTELLARIS F7. On prostrate trunks of poplars. Thurman, Warren county. October.’ A small form. Agaricus (CrEpipotus) GREIGENSIS 7. sp. Pilens submembranaceous, convex, dimidiate, hygrophanous, grayish cinnamon color and striatulate when moist, silky-fibrillose ¢ = ( 0 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. when dry; lamelle subdistant, free, grayish or pallid becoming dingy flesh-colored; stem lateral, short, solid, curved, fibrillose toward the base, springing from an abundant, white, radiating mycelium which sometimes creeps over the matrix to a considerable distance; spores subglobose, irregular, flesh-colored, about 39/59’ long. Pileus 5-10" broad, stem scarcely more than 1" long. Very rotten, mossy logs in woods. Greig. . September. The short stem is sometimes compressed in the middle so that it appears to be enlarged both above and below. This species belongs to the second division of the subgenus Crepidotus as characterized by Fries in the Epicrisis, and to the subgenus Claw- dopus proposed by W. G. Smith, except that the lamellee are free, neither sinuate nor decurrent. It is manifestly related to A. byssisedus. Agaricus (Prnosacr) EXIMIUS 2. sp. Pileus fleshy, thin, convex or broadly campanulate, at length expanded and subumbonate, smooth, dark sooty brown; lamellee close, broad, ventricose, rounded behind, free, dull red or brownish pink, then brown; stem slender, hollow, a little thicker at the base, dull red; spores elliptical, zy'yq long. Plant 1’ high, pileus 3’—6" broad, stem .5" thick. Old stumps in woods. Greig. September. Rare. I am not aware that a representative of this subgenus has before been found in this country, and none is yet known to belong to the flora of England. Agaricus (Pstmocyse) Lritcoxa n. sp. Pileus thin, convex, then expanded, smooth, hygrophanous, dark watery brown and striatulate on the margin when moist, pale ochraceous brown and corrugate-wrinkled when dry ; lamellee close, rounded behind, attached, cinnamon-brown, becoming darker ; stem slender, equal, brittle, silky, hollow above with a distinct separable pith below, whitish ; spores elliptical-cymbiform, 39’ long. Plant subecespitose, 2’ high, pileus 6’-12" broad, stem scarcely 1" thick. Damp muck soil in woods. Greig. September. (Plate 2, figs. 9-13.) Related to A. cernuus, but more slender and fragile, with a- - different habitat, larger spores, ete. Agaricus (PsATHYRELLA) ODORATUS %. Sp. Pileus thin, fragile, ovate-convex, at length expanded, smooth, hygrophanous, dark reddish brown or chestnut colored and stria- » Report or THE BOTANIST. vial tulate on the margin when moist, dirty white or clay colored with a pinkish tinge, subatomaceous and radiately wrinkled when dry ; lamellze close, broad, attached, with a slight spurious decurrent tooth, dingy flesh color, then rosy brown, finally black with a whitish edge: stem pallid, equal, hollow, slightly enlarged at the base, slightly mealy and striate at the. top, subfibrillose when young, with a white mycelium at the basé; spores elliptical cymbi- . A 1 t = . form, zy, Jong. Plant 2'-3' high, pileus 1’-2' broad, stem 1"—2" thick. About manure heaps. West Albany. May. It is gregarious or subceespitose, and has a strong odor resem- bling that of the “ poison elder,’ Sambucus pubens. The pileus is sometimes split on the margin and occasionally cracked on the surtace. Coprinus RApDIATUS Boldt. Horse dung. Sandlake. August. CopRINUS SILVATICUS 72. Sp. Pileus membranaceous, with a thin fleshy disk, convex, plicate- striate on the margin, dark brown, the depressed striw paler ; lamelle subdistant, narrow, attached to the stem, brownish; stem fragile, slender, smooth, hollow, white; spores gibbous-ovate, atoo long. Plant 2’ high, pileus 6’—10" broad, stem B thick. Ground in woods. Greig. September. (Plate 4, figs. 10-14.) The strie extend about half way up the pileus. Allied to C. plicatilis and C. ephemeris. CopRINUS SEMILANATUS 2. Sp. Pileus submembranaceous, broadly conical, then expanded and strongly revolute, with the margin sometimes split, farinaceo- atomaceous, finely and obscurely rimose-striate, pale grayish brown; lamella narrow, close, free ; stem elongated, fragile, hollow, slightly tapering upward, white, the lower half clothed with loose cottony flocci which rub off easily, the upper half smooth or slightly farinaceous ; spores broadly elliptical, s)4,° long, Plant very fragile, 4—6' high, pileus 8’-12" broad, stem 1” thick at the base. Rich ground and dung. Sandlake. Angust. (Plate 4, figs. 15-18.) Allied to @. cob pertus. Boxsirivus NOBILIS 7. sp. Pileus thin, fleshy on the disk, ovate, then campanulate, smooth, plicate-striate, pale yellow, the disk tinged with red, the margin at 72 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. length recurved and splitting; lamelle sub-distant, tapering out- wardly, attached, the alternate ones more narrow, pale yellow with a darker edge ; stem long, equal, smooth, striate at the top, hollow, white. Plant cxspitose, 3-5’ high, pileus 1’ broad, stem 1’ thick. Ground in woods. Greig. September. (Plate 2, figs. 1-4.) A fine large species but probably rare. Cortinarius (PHLEGMACIUM) CORRUGATUS 7”. Sp. Pileus fleshy, broadly campanulate or convex, smooth, viscid, coarsely reticulate-rugose, bright yellow, the margin incurved ; lamellee close, a little narrowed behind, attached, minutely eroded on the edge, pallid, then pale cinnamon; stem stout, cylindrical, smooth, hollow, bulbous, whitish or pale yellow, the bulb viscid and colored like the ees ; spores subglobose or broadly elliptical, echinulate, ss5y7’'—sylav_ long. Plant 3’—5’ ey eee 2'-3’ broad, stem 6’—8' thick. Ground among leaves under Malmia latifolia. Highlands. June.: The flesh is w hite; the bulb immarginate, in some specimens almost obsolete. A very distinct, noble. species. Cortinarius (PHLEGMACIUM) OLIVACEUS 7. Sp. Pileus fleshy, convex, then expanded, smooth, viscid, dark brown with a greenish or olivaceous tinge ; lamellze close, rather broad, at length ventricose, dark olivaceous, then cinnamon colored; stem equal, bulbous, silky, stuffed or hollow, white-violaceous ; spores elliptical, with a transparent nucleus, 3;',,’ long. Plant 3’-4’ high, pileus 2’ broad, stem 4’—6" thick. Ground in woods. Greig. September. The flesh of the stem is violaceous, of the pileus grayish. CortTINARIUs BOLARIS /7. Ground in woods. Greig. September. Cortinarius (INoLOMA) ASPER 7. sp. Pileus fleshy, firm, hemispherical, then convex, rough with minute, erect, brown scales, ochraceous; lamellz close, rounded behind and slightly emarginate, dull violaceous, then pale cinna- mon; stem equal, bulbous, solid, fibrillose-scaly, colored like the pileus but smooth and violaceous at the top, the bulb white with an abundant pope ; spores broadly elliptical, with a pellucid nucleus, zy/py' long. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 73 Plant 3’-4' high, pileus 2-3’ broad, stem 3’-5 5" thick. Ground in cleared places. Greig. September. (Plate 1, figs. 1-3.) A fine species. The flesh of the stem is violaceous. CortTINARIUS EVERNIUS F?. Low wet grounds in woods- Sandlake. August. Our speci- mens do not quite agree with the description, the stem being silky” fibrillose, not scaly. Gompuipius viscipus J. Ground in pine woods. Sandlake and West Albany. October. Hycgroruorts puniceus /7. Ground in woods. Greig. September. Hycropuorvus L&tus F7. Ground in cleared places, growing under Péeris aquilina. Greig. September. Hyeropuorts psirracinus /7, Ground in open places. Greig. September. Lacrartus rnsutsus £7. Damp ground in open woods. Greenbush. July. LACTARIUS TRIVIALIS /7. Ground in woods. Poughkeepsie. W. &. Gerard. Greig. September. Our plant does not agree rigidly with the description, the pileus being sometimes zonate and the stem rather slender and not always hollow. The lamell and flesh slowly change to a greenish or olivaceous color when wounded, though the milk is unchangeable. Future observation may show it to be a distinct species, “put at present I prefer to consider it an aberrant form of Z. trivialis. LAcTARIUS CINEREUS 2. Sp. Pileus fleshy, at length expanded, ae depressed, usually umbilicate, smooth, viscid, light gray with the disk sometimes a little darker ; lamellee narrow, close, white ; stem equal or slightly tapering upward, smooth, stuffed, colored like the pileus; spores ssa —s0ga’ in diameter. Flesh and milk white, unchangeable, taste acrid. Plant 2’-3’ high, pileus 1/—2’ broad, stem 3’-4" thick. Ground in woods. Sandlake and Greig. August and September. Allied to L. vietus. 74 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MusErum. Lacrarius srErirLuvus DC. Swamps in woods. Sandlake and Greig. Our plant has a hol- low stem and the color of burnt sienna—particulars in which it disagrees with the description of Z. serifuus; but the scanty watery or serum-like milk is well shown by it. This is a large but very fragile species, and much subject to the attack of insects. When dry it has a decided but agreeable odor. Lacrarius CHELIDONIUM n. Sp. Pileus fleshy, firm, centrally depressed, smooth, slightly viscid, of a grayish-green color with blue and yellow tints and a few nar- row zones on the margin ; lamellee close, narrow, forked and wavy at the base, sometimes anastomosing, grayish yellow; stem short, subequal, smooth, hollow, colored like the pileus; spores yellowish, spo in diameter. Plant 2’ high, pileus 2’ broad, stem 4’-6" thick. Sandy soil about pine trees. Saratoga. October. Taste mild, milk sparse, of a yellowish color resembling the juice of Celandine or the liquid secreted from the mouth of grasshoppers. The flesh when wounded is at first stained with a color like the milk, then changes to blue and finally to green. Closely allied to L. deliciosus, from which it differs in its more narrow lamellee, differently colored milk, smailer spores, etc. LAcTARIUS FUMOSUS 7. SP. Pileus firm, convex, then expanded and slightly depressed in the center, smooth, dry, smoky brown, or sordid white; lamellze close, adnate or slightly rounded behind, white, then yellowish ; stem firm, short, smooth, stuffed, generally tapering downward ; spores dis- tinctly echinulate, yellow, ys4;y' in diameter ; flesh and milk white ; taste at first mild, then acrid. Plant 1.5’-2’ high, pilens 1.5’-2.5’ broad, stem 3’—5" thick. Grassy ground in open woods. Greenbush. July. The peculiar smoky hue of the pileus and yellow spores enable this species to be easily recognized. The flesh when wounded slowly changes to a dull pinkish color. Related to L. fuliginosus. RussvuLa virescens /7. Grassy ground. Albany and Greenbush. June and July. RoussuLa RuBRA /7. Ground in a wooded ravine. Albany Rural Cemetery. July. Russuta Marre n. sp. Pileus fleshy, convex, subumbilicate, at length expanded and centrally depressed, minutely pulverulent, bright pink red (crimson REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 75 lake), the disk a little darker, margin even; lamellz rather close, reaching the stem, some of them forked, venose-connected, white, then yellowish, stem equal, solid, colored like the pileus except the extremities which are usually white ; spores globose, nearly smooth, yyy’ in diameter; flesh of the pileus white, red under the cuticle, taste mild. Plant 2’ high, pileus 1.5’-2’ broad, stem 3’-6" thick. Dry ground in woods. Catskill mountains. July. The minute colored granules, which give the pileus a soft prui- nose appearance, are easily rubbed off on paper; and water put upon the fresh specimens is colored by them. RvssvuLa SIMILLIMGR. 2. Sp. Pileus hemispherical or convex, then expanded, slightly depressed, at first or when moist viscid, the margin at length tuberculate- striate, pale ochraceous yellow, the ae usually a little brighter colored ; lamella subequal, reaching the stem, some of them forked behind, venose-connected, yellowish from the first; stem equal or slightly tapering upward, spongy within, rarely hollow, colored like the pileus, sometimes a little paler; spores 3;'57’ in diameter ; taste acrid. Plant 2’-4’ high, pileus 1’—3’ broad, stem 4’—9" thick. Ground in woods. Greig. September. Allied very closely to &. fetens, from which it differs by the absence of any marked odor and the margin not so widely striate. I have never seen it ceespitose nor growing in cleared lands. Paxiuuus 1nvo.tutus Batsch. Ground in woods. Greig and North Elba. August and Sep- tember, CANTHARELLUS CINEREtS /7. Ground in woods and shaded ravines. Albany Rural Cemetery and Greig. July, September. The form growing in the latter locality is nearly black. PLICATURA Ov. gen. Hymenophorum descending into the trama. Hymenium con- tinuous, pliceform ; folds irregular or wavy, edge obtuse. Plants of a firm coriaceous texture, reviving on the application of moisture. This genus is related, by the obtuse edge of the folds, to Cantha- rellus on one hand, and by its texture and continuous hymenium to Marasmius on the other. From Xerotus it is separated by the irregular character of the folds. The only species at present known to me in this genus is the epiphytal species here described, 76 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. though it seems to me that Cantharellus crispus should find a place in it as that species certainly is closely related and revives on the application of moisture. Pricatura ALNI n. sp. Pileus thin, coriaceous, resupinate-reflexed, generally imbrica- ted, silky-tomentulose, brownish-tawny, the margin sterile; folds narrow, irregular, interrupted, wavy or erisped, angular, white. Pileus 8"-12" broad. On trunks of alders. Indian Lake and Center. October. In color and habit this plant has some resemblance to Cantha- rellus crispus. It is somewhat flabby, and in drying, the folds to some extent disappear, but they soon assume their original size and shape on the application of moisture. MARASMIUS STRIATIPES 7. Sp. Pileus convex, smooth, even, pale alutaceous; lamelle rather broad, subdistant, rounded behind, attached, white; stem equal or slightly thickened at the base, firm, hollow, distinctly striate, pruinose-tomentose, whitish with an abundant white mycelium. Plant 2/4’ high, pileus 2’ broad, stem 2"-8" thick. Ground among leaves in woods. Greig. September. MaRrasMIUS ANOMALUS 7. Sp. Pileus thin,-convex, smooth, reddish-gray ; lamellze close, nar- row, rounded behind and united with each other, free, whitish or pallid; stem equal, hollow, smooth or slightly pruinose, pallid, reddish brown at the base. Plant 1’-2' high, pileus .5’-1’ broad, stem 1" thick. Sticks among leaves in woods. Catskill. July. It resembles JZ. plancus from which it may be separated by its smooth stem and free lamellee. Marasmivus PERFORANS /7. Fallen leaves of spruce trees, )4,5/ long or more. Leaves of Hrigeron annuum. Greenbush. July. The spots alpen : } are 1'’/—2” in diameter. SrproriA LoBpeLi# n. sp. Spots orbicular, frequently confluent, arid, of a pallid or pale eream color, surrounded by a broad, blackish or brownish-purple margin; perithecia minute, numerous, close, black, appearing on both sides of the leaf; spores thread-shaped, simple, 7.455’-1 55’ long. 88 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Leaves of Lobelia spicata. Nassau, Rensselaer county. June. The spots are generally 1-2” in diameter. The colored margin is usually paler as it recedes from the spot. CyTISPORA MELASPERMA /?. Dead branches of birches. Sandlake. May. CytisporaA PARVA B. & C. Dead branches of Pobinia pseudacacia. Garrisons. Cytispora Coryneomes B. & C. Dead grape-vines. Greenbush. July. CyTISPORA HYALOSPERMA //7. Dead branches of Acer rubrum. Sandlake. May. ToRULA POPULINA 7. sp. June. Spore threads aggregated in minute tufts, situated on the under surface of the leaf, on arid, orbicular, distinct or sub-confiuent brown spots, with one to three strictures, breaking up into oblong- elliptical, subacute spores. Leaves of Populus grandidentata. Luzerne, Warren county. June. The spots have a dark, well defined margin and a reddish-brown - color on the upper surface of the leaf. At first sight, they suggest the idea of a Depazea or a Septoria. Urepo Heniantat Schw. Leaves of Helianthus. Buffalo. Clinton. Ureno Aspipiorts 7. sp. Spots yellow or greenish-yellow, oblong, acute at the ends, often slightly curved, usually distinct and limited by veinlets, sometimes confluent; sori small, rotund, a little elevated, one to three on each spot, on the upper surface of the frond; spores yellow, ovate or pyriform, x4,’ long, a little more than half as wide. Fronds of Phegopteris Dryopteris. Catskill mountains. July. (Plate 1, figs. 18-20.) At a little distance the fronds on which this fungus grows appear as if infested by a yellow scale insect, so exactly do the spots resemble the shape of some species of Aspidiotus. UW. Filicum has subglobose spores and the sori occur on the under surface of the frond. Urepo Aicrpro1pEs 7. sp. Spots obliterated, sori amphigenous, bullate, small, scattered or close ; spores globose, at first covered by the epidermis, then sur- REPORT OF THE BorAaNIsv. 89 rounded by its ruptured remains, bright yellow or orange, >s4;/ in diameter. | Leaves, petioles and stems of Amphicarpwa monoica. Common. June and July. . When the sori are evacuated, the rather firm epidermis walls remain, forming a little cup with a narrow mouth and resembling the cups of some species of Zeidiwm. f Tricuosasis [rmIcoLa 2. sp. Sori amphigenous, rotund, oval or oblong, rarely linear, a little elevated, surrounded by the ruptured remains of the epidermis ; spores globose, minutely echinulate, brown, >,’ in diameter. On both sides of living and half dead leaves of Iris versicolor, frequently occupying nearly the whole surface of the leaf. Sand- lake. September. (Plate 3, figs. 17-19.) Uredo Iridis Schw. is described as having yellow-ferruginous spores, and is placed in his section “ Rubigines,’ whereas, our species would belong to his section “ Fuscescentes et Nigredines.” Tricuopasis Gatm Lev. Leaves of some Galium. New Baltimore. June. Howe. Tricnopasis LanrararumM Lev. Leaves of Calamintha Clinopodium. Buffalo. Clinton. TRICHOBASIS SUAVEOLENS Lev. Leaves of Canada thistle. Common. June and July. Ustitaco Lonaissima Zul. Leaves of Poa aquatica. West Albany. June and July. Our specimens are not as dark colored as the European ones we have seen, and the spores are a very little larger. Usritaco Montacener 7. Spikes of Rhynchospora alba. Sandlake. August. LecytHEeA Rosa Lev. Leaves of rose bushes. New Baltimore. Howe. Uromycrs Potycont JSuckel. Stems of Polygonum aviculare. New Baltimore. Howe. Sandlake. November. The species is remarkable for the long thick pedicel, which is sometimes four or five times the length of the spore. 4y55’-g4)’ long. Among moss, on and about rotten stumps in swamps or damp woods. Sandlake. August. (Plate 3, figs. 20-24.) REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 95 Peziza Fusca Pers. Rotten wood and dead branches in damp places. Helderberg mountains and Greenbush. June. . Prziza RUBRICOSA F7?. Ground. Highlands. June. Peziza vinosa A. & S. Rotten wood. Greenbush. June. Perziza MOLLIsIoIEs Schw. Base of Vaccinium corymbosum. Greenbush. October. Perziza Erracecs Schw. Rotten maple trunk. Indian Lake. October. Prziza comata Schw. Fallen leaves in a swamp. Sandlake. August. Prziza HEMISPH ERICA Wigq. Damp ground and rotten wood. Catskill mountains. July. Peziza £Rvainosa /7. Rotten wood of deciduous trees. Buffalo. Clinton. Sandlake. August. - PEZIZA ECHINOSPERMA 2. Sp. Cups slightly concave, sometimes irregular, orange, becoming paler, whitish externally, smooth, 1’”—2” in diameter, spores globose, echinulate; paraphyses slender, orange. Damp ground in pastures. West Albany. June. (Plate 3, figs. 10-13.) PEZIZA ‘RUBRA 7. Sp. Cup subglobose, at length hemispherical; mouth narrow, often irregular; spores broadly elliptical, without any nucleus; plant smooth, red throughout, 2-3” in diameter. Burnt ground. Top of the Highlands. June. (Plate 2, figs. 19-21.) PEzIZA CARIOSA 7. Sp. Closely gregarious ; cup sessile, thin, flattened, slightly concave, smooth, black, dark brown with a reddish tinge when moist; mar- gin distinct, flexuous or angular in large individuals; spores, sim- ple, oblong. 96 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Plant scarcely half a line broad. Rotten wood. Catskill moun- tains. July. ; Peziza Tinie n. sp. Gregarious, minute, cup sessile, concave, externally densely white villous, the disk pale yellow or cream colored, often con- cealed by the inflexed hairs. Dead branches of Zilia Americana. Knowersville. July. Very different from P. teliacea Fr. The largest cups are scarcely half a line broad. Prziza Prrsoonnt Moug. Stems of Hyuisetum hyemale. Center. November and May. Our plant is generally sessile and often crowded or tufted in its mode of growth. When moist it is much expanded and flattened on the disk. Further observation may show it to be a distinct species. Nopvunaria nov. gen. Receptacle fleshy, margined ; disk dusted with the spores ; asca large, fixed ; paraphyses present, nodose or sub-moniliform. This genus is intermediate between Peziza and Patellaria. From | the former it is separated by the dusted hymenium and nodulose paraphyses, from the latter by the presence of paraphyses. The_ name is derived from the Latin nodulus, and is given in allusion to the little knots of the paraphyses. NopuLARIA BALSAMICOLA ”. Sp. Cups flattened, sessile, scattered or somewhat confluent, often irregular, with a distinet, more or less flexuous, incurved margin, externally pinkish white, slightly silky-villous; disk luteous, incli- ning to reddish or orange, whitish-dusted under a lens; asci large, clavate, obtuse, somewhat irregular or flexuous; paraphyses sub- flexuous, with two or three moniliform nodes at the top; spores globose, echinulate. Dead branches of the balsam fir, Adées balsamea. Indian Lake. October. (Plate 4, figs. 23-26.) The cups are 1-2” in diameter and are attached by a little point which penetrates the bark. DERMATEA FURFURACEA J, ? Branches of alders. Center. October and November. PaTELLARIA ATRATA L?, Rotten wood. Buffalo. Clinton. Report oF THE BOTANIST. 97 TYMPANIS ALNEA Pers. Dead branches of alders. Buffalo. Clinton. Sandlake. June. Spurncrrina Cerast B. & C. Gum of cherry trees. Buffalo. Clinton. Sandlake. June. CrenANGIUM CrrRasi 77. Dead trunks and branches of cherry trees, especially Prunus Pennsylvanica. Sandlake and Center. June, November. CENANGIUM TRIANGULARE Schw. Dead oak branches. Greenbush. CreNANGIUM Prunastri /7. Dead branches of plum and cherry trees. Buffalo. Clinton. Sandlake. June. HystTERIUM PULICARE /7. Denuded wood. Buffalo. diss Wilson. Dead grape vines. Greenbush. July. Hysrertum Sminacis Schw. Dead stems of Smilax. Garrisons. June. Hysrertum Azatex Schw. Dead stems and branches of Azalea nudiflora. Sandlake and Center. June. Lysrertum vireuttorum var. Aceris Desm. Dead branches of Acer spicatum. Helderberg mountains. May. - XYLARIA corNIFoRMIs F/, Mossy maple log in woods. Greig. September. XYLARIA DIGITATA /7. Conservatories. Buffalo. Clinton. RuIzoOMORPHA SUBCORTICALIS Pers. Under bark of dead trees, ete. Buffalo. Clinton. Greig and Helderberg mountains. . Hypocrra Fioccosa 7. Under surface of the pileus of Lactarius torminosus. Greig. September. Hyroxyton concentricum (old. Rotten wood and dead branches. Common. a 98 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Hypoxyton Howerranum 2”. sp. Globose sessile, covered with a bright red crust, which is thickly punctate with minute black papillate ostiola, at length dull yel- low or black, 3”-6” in diameter; perithecia peripheric, crowded, ovate, black, shining; stroma dense, blackish-bronze, shining, not at all or only very obscurely zonate, radiate-fibrous. Fallen branches of some deciduous tree. Center. November. Allied to H. fragiforme in its red crust and ovate perithecia, but it differs in its larger size, punctate, not tuberculose, surface, smaller spores, ete. HypoxyLon PERFORATUM Schw. Dead branches of birch trees. Catskill mountains. July. HypoxyLon ARGILLACEUM /7. Trunks of beech trees. Sandlake. June. Buffalo. Clinton. Hyvoxyton Breavumontn B. & C. Denuded wood of acerose trees. Helderberg mountains. May. Hypvoxyton Morsen B. & C. Dead branches of alders. Sandlake and Center. Spring and autumn. HypoxyLon ANTHRACODES F7. On a prostrate trunk of Zilia Americana. Trenton Falls. September. Necrria Preziza Fr. Old stumps and rotten wood. Greig and Indian Lake. Sep- tember and October. NEcTRIA INAURATA B. & Br. Stem of Celastrus scandens? Buffalo. Clinton. ' VALSA PULCHELLA /7. Dead trunks of cherry trees. Sandlake. June. A pretty species, but nearly concealed by the epidermis of the bark. VALSA SALICINA /7, Dead branches of willows. Buffalo. Clinton. West Albany. May. VALSA LEUCOsTOMA /7. Dead branches of apple trees. Buffalo. Clinton. Sandlake. October. ReEporT or THE BOTANIST. Q9 Vausa Pini £7. Dead branches of pine trees. Sandlake. June. SPHARIA ACULEANS Schw. Dead branches of sumach. Sandlake. June. Spua#ria Tinie F?. Dead branches of Zilia Americana. Helderberg mountains. May. Spr@ria o6THECA B. & C. Denuded wood. Buftalo. Clinton. SPHARIA GYROSA Schw. Buffalo. Clinton. Spo#ria Coptis Schw. Leaves of Coptis trifolia. Sandlake. June. Spu2riA SARRACENLE Schw. Leaves of Sarracenia purpurea. Sandlake. August. Spuaeta Sotmaainis Schw. Leaves of various species of Solidago. Center. October. Sp “Ria Loneissmma Pers. Dead stems of pigweed, Chenopodium album. Buftalo. Clin- ton. Albany. June. Spua#rra TAXIcona n. sp. Perithecia minute, close, black, shining, slightly elevated, at first covered by the epidermis, then erumpent; spores oblong, in a single series, triseptate. Occupying the whole upper surface of dead leaves of Turus Canadensis. Sandlake. May. Dornmea Rivesta Pers. Dead stems of currant. Buffalo. Clinton. Bethlehem And Sandlake. May. DoruimeraA SampBuctr F?7. Dead stems of elder, Sambucus Canadensis. Buffalo. Clinton. Center. October. : DorTHIDEA CRYSTALLOPHORA B. & C. Dead stems of the Osage orange. Buffalo. Clinton. Albany and Riverhead. May and July. 100 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Dorumea FLABELLA B. & C. Upper surface of fronds of Pterts aquilina. Center. October. DornipEa Preriis /e7s. Under surface of fronds of Pteris aquilina. Center and Cats- kill mountains. June, October. Dornmra ANEMoNES FF’. Leaves of Anemone cylindrica. Center. October. Popospr#ria Crrast Lev. Leaves of cherry trees. Sandlake. August. ERINEuM RosEUM Schult. Leaves of birches. Buffalo. Clinton. Helderberg mountains and Nassau. June. ERINEUM QUERCINUM ze. Oak leaves. Buffalo. Clinton. New Baltimore. Howe. NEW STATIONS OF RARE PLANTS, REMARKABLE VARIETIES AND OBSERVATIONS. Heparica Acutiropa DC. I find the young leaves of this species much more fully developed at flowering time, than those of //. triloba. They are also subject to the attacks of a fungus, Pabjeyjatia Ranunculacearum, but I have never found those of Z. triloba thus affected, even when growing in the same locality. Drantruus ARMERIA JL. Roadsides. Nassau. Hreiscus Trronum Z.* Newark, Wayne county. £. L. Hankenson. CLAyTonIA Virainica ZL. Specimens from Newark, sent by Mr. Hankenson, have alternate leaves. Napatus rAcEmMosus Zook. Scarsdale, Westchester county. Extremely bitter. J. S. MMer- 7iam. LoBeELIA CARDINALIS LZ. Mr. Merriam finds the white-flowered form on Long Island. No specimens sent. * This plant was erroneously mentioned on page 56. REPOR‘% OF THE BO1ANIST. 101 Prmovta Misrassinica Wiche. Portage. Clinton. Fracaria vesca L. The white-fruited form of this species is abundant in Skanea- teles. S. V. Cowles. It also occurs in Nassau, Rensselaer county, and in Bethlehem, Albany county. By cultivation, the appear- ance of the plant is considerably changed. The flowering stems become elongated and dichotomously branched above, the primary division is subtended by a well developed leat and the fruit is pro- duced throughout the season. It would make a fine addition to the ordinary - varieties cultivated by gardeners. JUNCUS ALPINUS V. INSIGNIS /7. Sodus Point, Lake Ontario. Hankenson. _DanTHONIA coMPREssA Aust. Mr. Cowles sends specimens exactly intermediate between this species and LD. spicata, whence it is probable that the former is a variety of the latter dependent on locality. PoLypPopIUM VULGARE Vv. Campricum L. “ Tndian Brook,” near Cold Spring. Jfiss Sarah P. Monk. A sterile but most interesting variety. AsprpIuM ACULEATUM v. Braunt Koch. Stony Clove, Catskill mountains. Discovered there by J. H. feedfield. This locality is evidently very favorable to the growth of ferns. In July last, the following nineteen species were observed while passing along the road, about the distance of half a mile, and in no case going more than four rods from it. Polypodium vulgare Z. Aspidinm spinulosum Swartz. Adiantum pedatum J. A. marginale Swartz. Pteris aquilina LZ. ie acrostichoides Swartz. Asplenium thelypteroides J/z. aS aculeatum Swartz. A. Filix-foemina Bernh. Struthiopteris Germanica Wd. Phegopteris polypodioides Fee. Onoclea sensibilis Z. ; Dryopteris ee. Woodsia Ilvensis 2. Br. Cystopteris bulbifera Bernh. Dicksonia punctilobula Aze. C. fragilis Bernh. Botrychium Virginicum Swartz. Aspidium Thelypteris Swartz The whole number of species now known to belong to the State is forty-four, excluding the doubtful inhabitant Zz ygodium palina- tum. It will thus be seen that nearly half our species occur in the “Stony Clove.” BorrycHiuM LANCEOLATUM Angst. This rare fern occurs on an island in Lake Mohegan. Leggett. 102 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Srpuacnum Wotrianum (irgen. Fertile specimens were found-in August. Dicranum RuFEscens Zurn. This species occurs as far north as Johnsburgh, Warren county. HoMALIA GRACILIS James. Mount Seward. V. Colvin. Grmumta Otneyt Sulliv. Top of the Highlands. Crrrarta Isnanpica v. Deristar Scher. Top of Mount Marey. It approaches C. aculeata in appearance. PHyYscraA CILIARIS Vv. ANGUSTATA Tuck. Goat Island. Miss Wilson. BraToRA RUBELLA V. SPADICEA Tuck. Buffalo. JIMss Wilson. BrarorRA RUBELLA Vv. ScuweErnirzi Tuck. Balsam firs. Buftalo. J/%ss Wilson. Indian Lake. AGARICUS MUSCARIUS F7. A white variety, with the pileus thickly studded with sharp warts, occurs in Albany Rural Cemetery. July. AGAricus GRANULOsus Patsch. A large firm variety, with a well developed, persistent annulus and attached lamelle, grows on old logs in woods. Greig. Sep- tember. Agaricus MELLEus Val. Very abundant in the woods of Greig, growing in large tufts and eaten by some animal, probably deer. Agaricus CAMPANELLA Batsch. } Two varieties are found in the woods about Moose River Settle- ment. One has a yellow pileus, the other is papillate, scarcely umbilicate, and has the stem slightly sprinkled with yellowish dust. Coprinus ATRAMENTARIUS Bull. A variety with both pileus and stem somewhat scaly, and the former quite viscid was found in an alley in Albany. It occurs also in cellars. REPORT? OF THE BOTANIST. 103 Lentinvus Lrecomter 77. I have never seen this plant with the edge of the lamellz ser- rated or eroded, whence it would seem to belong rather to the genus Panus. The trama also is clearly present in it. Botetus Epuiis Bull. A singular form was found in Greenbush with the pileus deeply lacunose, the tubes not rounded at the stem, but forcibly torn away from it by the expansion of the pileus and the stem of a dull lilac color with distinct reticulations. Is it specifically distinct? RestELiIA LACERATA Sow. Fine specimens were found on the leaves, fruit and young twigs of Amelanchier Canadensis. June. AREGMA SPECIOsUM /7?. Dead stems of wild rose. Greenbush. AREGMA MucRONATUM /7. Leaves of Rubus odoratus. Trenton Falls. September. Cystopus cAnpipus Lev. This species is found on the leaves of Capsella Bursa-pastoris, Sisymbrium officinalis, Lepidium Virginicum, Dentaria diphylla, Portulacca oleracea, and Amarantus retroflexus. Poposportum ricipum Schw. Dead stems of Ampelopsis quinquefolia. Schoharie. June. Prziza AURANTIA Lr. Abounds on black muck soil in woods at Moose River. Septem- ber. Hypocrea Ricuarpsonu B. & I. Common on dead branches of poplar trees, but always sterile with us. HypoxyLoN MULTIFORME /7. This very rarely occurs on bark. TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. 104 (5) Genus—CLAVARIA JZ, Plant fleshy, erect, homogeneous, simple or branched ; hymenium dry, occupying nearly or quite the whole surface. The name of the genus is derived from the Latin clava, a club. Some of the species are club-shaped, others are branched above in such a manner as to resemble a miniature tree or shrub. The following is a synopsis of the species at present known to occur in the State. a. Stems branched. 2 Ts iSporeswhites.tis2) wcnraxt! ult. wo-Lawel eter. ats ial 2. Plant yellow (luteons, ochraceous, etes) as) ."aey 3 3. Stem stout, much and irregularly branched. a 4. Apices of the branches red............. Borrytis 4, Apices of the branches yellow........... FLAVA te Stem slender, dichotomously branched...... TETRAGONA . Plant white or cinereous (no shade of yellow).. 5 5. Stem smooth, color cinereous...........» +=. 6 6. Apices of the branches obtuse (concolorous) CINEREA 6. Apices crested, acute (at length brown)... CRISTATA 5. Stem hairy, apices of the branches acute.... TRICHOPUS 5. Stem smooth, color white................. Kunze 1. Spores ochraceous (plant some shade of yellow or Re @), oc sa N SOTO TIS CEE PS DER Dee 7 . Plant terrestrial (growing on the ground or among seams)... 20 io: Cases oS ELA 8 8. Apices ot the branches obtuse, concolorous. . AUREA 8. Apices acute or acicular, SATS AiO ES. SPINULOSA 7. Plant epiphytal (growing on rotten wood, logs, tic.) 15 eaten MO da-elraenis How Sane eu ne 9 9. Axils concolorous (i.e., ochraceous like the rest OL, CimeeplANE) ie heMinincstielo «5 coed ~ aa aagye 28 10 10. On wood of acerose trees, branches SD) ee ee Ca ET ene re APICULATA 10. On wood of frondose trees, branches flexu- OUST 2 she .octe hee a sediats tate he Rate seer os CRISPULA 9. Axils becoming cinnamon colored, branches BETOISH i spe «aims wifes is aud: 5 set sie pa ort Rese STRICTA b. Stems simple (rarely once divided, or with one or two branches.) 11. Growing in tufts;or clusters. 5.22. ..22: oh Oh aeivs 12 19? Plant yellow... . : 3-\..2'Jec mje ree eee 13 13. Club hollow, mostly regular. .:. 3:2 ae. FUSIFORMIS 13. Club stuffed, irregular or compressed...... IN ZQUALIS 12. Plant white or whitish ...........0.000005. 5 14 14. Club and stem distinct, “color dingy ee ARGILLACEA 14. Club and stem confluent, color pure- oe... FRAGILIS REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 105 1d, Growing singly; on scattered) aoe os 16 Maen Ielant fervestrial .. s.3.. oasis ¢ ss sare. 8 eabicay 8 , 16 BG. .Glab fleshy;;obtmse)ia.olidieg lange wid A 1% 17. Naked at the base, 6’-12” thick ........ PISTILLARIS 17. White mycelium at the base; 2”—4” thick, Liguna 1627 Clob filiform; iabuteiias | omooomt sons, . JUNCEA 15; Plant epiphytalt).ctsg. engaletslinleaites ole MUCIDA bo bo B. 5 All the white-spored branched species given in the preceding table are terrestrial. C. trichopus I have found only among sphagnum. C. cristata rarely occurs with branches obtuse, and not crested. C. spenulosa rarely may be found without white tips to the branches, but in every instance of such exceptional forms coming under my observation, they have been associated with a great abundance of the normal form. C. inequalis grows especi- ally in swamps and sometimes singly. It is quite fragile. C. mucida is remarkable for the green confervoid stratum that covers the moist rotten wood on which it grows. Genus—ACIDIUM Pers. * Peridia tubular or cup-shaped, at length open at the top with the margin lobed or lacerated ; spores subglobose, colored. The peridia normally occupy the lower surface of the leaves of plants, sometimes scattered over the whole of that surface, but more often collected in little orbicular clusters. They open at the top, revealing the globose or ovate, yellow or orange-colored spores within, and are not inaptly termed ‘* Cluster cups.’ The margin of the cup or peridium is generally fringed or scalloped with little rounded, reflexed lobes. The subiculum or spot on which the cups are seated is usually more or less discolored, yellow and red being the prevailing hues. The spermogonia, minute pustules which occur with the'cups and are thought to be the male plant, are not always readily detected. They usually occupy the center* of the spot on one or both sides of the leaf. More than thirty species of A‘cidium have been found in the State, of which the following is a synopsis. a. Peridia scattered over the whole under- « surface of the leaf, or over indefinite portions of it. Wy, Peridin SOOT, TIME O ea g cia ile ccc : D) Mouth with a few (8-5) distinct lobes ........ QUADRIFIDUM Mouth entire, indistinctly or many lobed..... 3 3. Leaf green above, scarcely discolored..... 4 4, Spermogonia numerous, distinct ....... 5 Mouth wide, lobed ; leaf rugulose above ...... RANUNCULI Mouth at first narrow, with an incurved, sub- entire margin; leaf not rugulose........... . AROIDATUM . 4. Spermogonia few, indistinct or none.... 6 106 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. 6. Mouth of the numerous equal peridia distinctly BSW inkc'om De Shed de pig vise eee cee Ermosn 6. Mouth of the few unequal peridia not distinctly EvPHoRBLE- RODOO «a aies's ace esis Stern ha RU aE aE HY PERICIFOLLE 3. Leaf plainly discolored ................. : i 7. Leaf yellowish, not thickened ; peridia large. . CLAYTONIATUM 7. Leaf brownish, generally thickened ; ; peridia not TAPE 2 et wipidweninn ~ seated e ent eie HovstoniaTuM 1. Peridia elongated, nestling in the tomen- onmi of thetleaf:d .2). sisisigelos ty.) 2 ctent 8 8. Peridia few, crowded or scattered............ GNAPHALIATUM 8. Peridia numerous, not crowded.............. ALLENII b. Peridia in definite spots or clusters. oO iilongabed ONS. << SLUR A kone 10 10. Seated on a thickened subiculum........ 11 11. Spots brown or chestnut-colored ............ FRAXINI ol Sy LU, ain ea A AY TCR St BERBERIDIS 10. Subiculum not thickened .............. 12 12. Peridia extending to the margin of the spot. . 13 13. Many, in dense roundish clusters........ THALICTRI 13. Few, loosely placed on orbicular spots... MACROSPORUM 12. Peridia central on a yellow spot with sterile PUPP OTN ovate te Meth toler eave te ie leetetae eens te HYDNOIDEUM 9. Short or sub-immersed ............... 14 14. On a thickened subiculum............. 15 ieopots distinct, yellow,” os edte s,s yioe slats 16 16. Small on ‘the leaves, larger and most often on the petioles, which are thickened ang -Ciscorbed + 2. watt. «the «a eiein.. A SaMBuctr 16. Most often on the leaves; and as large as on the slightly thickened petioles. .... Vi0Lz 15. Spots more or less red or purple, not clear : VellOw be a eels eee viet eee Seems 17 17. Pale red, stems or petioles sometimes PUIG EL yt ars cre ere aeRO Siew eater CLEMATITIS 17. Chestnut-colored or reddish-brown...... 18 18. Peridia extending to the margin...... Myricatum 18. ‘Peridia cenbralli. ics tis. )282 eek wae tg Limonu 17. Yellowish stained with red or purple .... PUSTULATUM doe pote obliterated. 6...) A Saisie Squeegee 19. Petioles often attacked and much distorted, Urticz 19 Petioles noti distorted: 2 '. 5. <1 yesonge tees 20 20. Peridia wide-mouthed, crowded....... RaANUNCULACEARUM 20. Peridia narrow-mouthed, spores ellipti- CA cd ts Sicieaes.e eet err MENTHE. 14. Subiculum not thickened .............. 21 21. Spots yellow, with no tinge of red or 22 PuUlple sss 33 GAS ete eh eee REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 107 22. Peridia mostly in series; on both sides of the Meat iors Cpe ei kaw ¢ See oH oe 3 he dear Trivis 22. Peridia not in series; on the under side of the deste: fea hondigdk i222 4 .ohs hos olsdak 23 23. Spots large and generally confluent ... 24 24 Pendia- crowded. . 2) «2 sath hd als PoporHyLut 24. Peridia not crowded, irregular placed, Erigzronatum 23. Spots small or medium, generally dis- hinetiedifeel sO ee eee 25 mo: Veknieyieenthall yw tiie wn 28 ot ss AOE 26 26. Crowded, leaf not pustulate on the opposite:side ti... ihe Cae HeELianrut 26. Loosely placed, leaf distinctly pustulate on the opposite side 2.7.2.0. .20h. 2: TENUE 25. Peridia extending to the margin............ 27 27. Peridia distinctly lobed on the margin, Mart#—Wirsont 27. Peridia indistinctly lobed, mostly seri- a ated along the mid-rib............ OsMoRRHIZE 27. Peridia indistinctly lobed, not seriated, Orost 21. Spots more or less stained with pur- plevor redsde2 a6 bie 28 28. Spots large, pustulate, the center purple or browih. io heuds his oo a). ImpatTIENTIS 28. Spots medium or small, scarcely pustulate ... 29 29. Centrally:red. or.purplish. -\5 20. 42:0. Je? 30 30. Mostly on the margin of the leaf or of its lobes, GERANIL 20.-On any partiot the leaf... .........)..... men aes 31 31. Peridia crowded, extending to the mar- PINDUP RAIS SL lath .- (dois er 6's soaalateng out GROSSULARLE 31. Peridia central, few, mostly less than iwentyrermiets (26 dette sai. eat ComposITARUM 31. Peridia central, many, mostly more thanstiwentyes Lvs ss Abs. se RG PENSTEMONIS 29. With a red dash extending from the spot to the margin of the leaf; peridia NumMeroens, crowded 2°... .kasinesldei (ENOTHERE Some of the foregoing species are variable and will not in all cases rigidly agree with the characters here given, but a few explanations and a list of the plants on which the species are found, will remove nearly or quite all difficulties in tracing them. Eeidium, Berberidis sometimes has short peridia. I have seen but a single dried specimen of 4. Clematitis which is on a thick- ened petiole or stem. The color of the spot is taken from the description. I have seen but few poor specimens of 4. Orobi, and am not quite sure that they are rightly referred. .4. /mpa- tientis sometimes has the spots entirely yellow, and the same is true of 4. Geranii and 4d’. Compositarum. A’. Geranii also rarely has a purplish or yellow dash extending to the margin of the leaf. 108 TWENTY-FOURTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. AXcidium quadrifidum DC. grows on .. At. Ranuneuli Schw. ¢ Bs. Aroidatum Schw. sp var. Caladii Schw. a At. Epilobii DC. FS AA. Euphorb.-hypericifoliz “. Ad. Claytoniatum Schw i AA. Houstoniatum Schw. “ LA. Gnaphaliatum Schw. “ fh. Allenii Clinton, - AN. Fraxini Schw. te AK. Berberidis Pers. Wie Thalictri Grev. r, AK. macrosporum Pk, r AB. hydnoideum B. &C. “ At. Sambuci Sehw. a A. Viole Schum. cs LK. Clematitis Schw. a Ak. Myricatum Schw. ’ Aus Limonii Ps. ‘6 AL. pustulatum Curt. iB Al Urtice DC. a6 A. Ranunculacearum DC, “ LB. Menthe DC. ee Al. Iridis Gerard. ce Ah. Podophylli Schw. é A Erigeronatum Schw. “ Bi. Helianthi Schw. 46 fA. tenue Schw. i VA Marize—Wilsoni Pk. 6 HL. Osmorrhize P&. ny AS. Orobi DC. fs As Impatientis Schw. ae AG. Geranii DC. ‘ Ab. Grossularise DC. e v4 0p Compositarum Mart. ‘“ At. Penstemonis Schw. Ke iS. (Hnotheree Pk. ss Anemone nemorosa. . Ranunculus abortivus. . Ariseema triphyllum. . Peltandra Virginica. .. Cnothera biennis. .. Euphorbia hypericifolia. .. Claytonia Caroliniana. . Houstonia purpurea. Gnaphalium decurrens, ete. Shepherdia Canadensis. . Fraxinus Americana. . Berberis vulgaris. . Ranuneulacer. Smilax rotundifolia. . Direa palustris. Sambucus Canadensis. . Viola pubescens. Clematis Vir giniana. . Myrica cerifera. . Statice Limonium. .. Comandra umbellata. .. Urtica dioica. .. Ranunculacere. . Labiatee. .. Iris versicolor. . Podophyllum peltatum.4 .. Erigeron strigosum. ‘ Hielianthusi . Eupatorium ageratoides. . Viola eucullata, Osmorrhiza br evistylis. . Trifolium repens. . Impatiens fulva. Geranium maculatum. . Ribes. . Compositee. . Penstemon pubescens. . Cnothera biennis. In the paper marked (4), when no name is added to the station or stations, the plant has been found therein by the writer. Dates signify the time of collecting the specimens, and therefore indicate to some extent the time of occurrence of the plant. A continuation of the coéperation of the Botanists of the State, in the investigation of our Flora, is earnestly solicited. Respectfully submitted. Axpany, January 11th, 1871. CHAS. H. PECK. PLATES AND EXPLANATIONS, PLANET CoRTINARIUS (INOLOMA) ASPER Pk. Page "2. A specimen of ordinary size. dé . 2. Vertical section of a pileus of a young plant. 3 Spores magnified. AGARICUS (COLLYBIA) SPINULIFER Pk. Page 62. .4, 5. Specimens of ordinary size; one with a young plant attached to its base. . 6. Vertical section of a pileus. rf Transverse section of a stem. ig. 8. Spine-like processes of the lamelle, magnified. 9 Spores magnified. AGARICUS (OMPHALIA) LILACINUS Ph. Page 63. .10,11. Specimens of ordinary size. g. 12. Vertical section of a pileus. . 13.. Transverse section of a stem. MoNOTOSPORA TRISEPTATA Pk. Page 9A. . 14. A piece of wood bearing a patch of plants. . 15. Two fertile plants magnified. ig. 16. A sporeless plant magnified. ig. 17. A plant with its spore more highly magnified. Urevo Aspripiotus Pk. Page 88. _18, Part of a frond of Phegopteris Dryopteris bearing Uredo Aspidiotus. . 19. A spot and sorus magnified. . 20. Spores magnified. Plate 1. mei wrt tonsa anes 4 a enya $98 ——- “8 ws mena Casas Aras pee nee TTPO TET RT roa ek SAR eels ener — Vv Hist at N by Rieman _ Le tate Mus. se On Stor 4 o % , i] ah ok 7 Se etn or a ee PEATE ff. Bowsirivs noBitis Pk. Page 1. Figs.1, 2. Specimens of ordinary size; one with a young plant attached to its base Fig. 3. Vertical section of a pileus. Fig. 4. Transverse section of a stem. BoLeTus BicotorR Pk. Page "8. Fig. 5. A specimen of ordinary size. Fig. 6. Vertical section of a pileus. Fig. 7. Mouths of tubes magnified. Fig. 8. Spores magnified. AGaARicus (Psicocyse) LimicoLra Pk. Page "0. Figs.9, 10. Specimens of ordinary size; one with a young plant attached to its base Fig. 11. Vertical section of a pileus. Fig. 12. Transverse section of a stem. Fig. 13. Spores magnified. AGARICUS (HNTOLOMA) CUSPIDATUS Pk. Page 64. Figs.14, 15. Specimens of ordinary size. Fig. 16. Vertical section of a pileus. Fig. 17. Transverse section of a stem. Fig. 18. Spores magnified. PEZIZA RUBRA Pk. Page 95. Fig. 19. Specimens of ordinary size. Fig. 20. A paraphysis and an ascus with its spores, magnified. Fig. 21. Spores more highly magnified. . Plate 9. 4. y ale Mus. Nat. Hist ARN PT AAMT NIM EA TUBS TTI NS ENSONY TIER OPEN A PAPAS MYE NENA Lb PLDI ALLEY SAI ONTO LCRIID 9 BERNIE OKT A bed nein Pace abode weer = Pr URI nee enteen emer ID wy Dye ive AeA SA LORIE AN AROSE SEES PCA TG LET. AGArkicus (HzBELOMA) AscoPHoRUS Pk. : Page 68. Figs.1, 2. Specimens of ordinary size. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 3. 4. 5. 6. ot Neil ahs 12. ig. 13. ig. 14. ig. 15. ig. 16. ig. 18. ig. 19. 2 4, Vertical section of a pileus. Transverse section of a stem. A sack with its spores, magnified. Spores magnified. STILBUM GIGANTEUM Pk. Page 93. A tuft of plants of ordinary size. A fertile and sterile plant, magnified Spores magnified. PEZIZA ECHINOSPERMA Pk. Page 95. A lump of earth bearing five plants. A plant magnified. A paraphysis and an ascus with its spores, magnified. A spore more highly magnified. PUCCINIA TRIPUSTULATA Pk. Page 91. A leaflet of Rubus villosus bearing Puccinia tripustutata. A spot and two sori magnified. Spores magnified. TrRICHOBASIS IRIDICOLA Pk. Page 89. ; Part of a leaf of Iris versicolor bearing Trichobasis [ridicola. A sorus magnified. Spores magnified. GEOGLOSSUM LUTEUM Pk. Page 94. 21. Specimens of ordinary size showing opposite faces of the club. Transverse section of a club. Transverse section of a stem. A paraphysis and an ascus with its spores, magnified. Plate 3. e Ht SIC 1S WOON Hist. 24.. State Mus. Nat. ie 68899996 — wy ? seer ran es bh | 1 en ‘ ’ fhe 4, H i iy v9" Bie r i 1 HY ph Ral! a al ie OW DIED 10, . 12. ig. 18. 14. 15. G6: alr ig. 18. 08 hf tall og 09° 08 19, Ww 7w W WwW > ot co ~ oS _ PLATE IV. AGaARIcuS (HEBELOMA) ILLIcITUS Pk. Page 68. 2. Specimens of ordinary size. Vertical section of a pileus. Transverse section of a stem. Spores magnified. AGARICUS (ENTOLOMA) SALMONEUS Pk. Page 65. A specimen of ordinary size. Vertical section of a pileus. Transverse section of a stem. Spores magnified. CoPRINUS SILVATICUS Pk. Page “1. 11. Specimens of ordinary size. Vertical section of a pileus. Transverse section of a stem. Spores magnified. COPRINUS SEMILANATUS Pk. Page 71. A specimen of ordinary size. Vertical section of a pileus. Transverse section of a stem. Spores magnified. MARASMIUS PULCHERRIPES Pk. Page 7%. 20. Specimens of ordinary size. Vertical section of a pileus, magnified. Transverse section of a stem, magnified. NODULARIA BALSAMICOLA Pk. Page 96. A piece of bark bearing several plants. A plant magnified. Paraphyses and asci with partly formed spores, magnified. Spores magnified. MARASMIUS FILOPES Pk. Page vi. Specimens of ordinary size. A plant magnified. Vertical section of a pileus magnified. Pag Oy my eee ARS TR Lith.of Weed, Parsons & Co.Albany, NY. Twenty Frere Regent's Rerory. eo te QS KEP a © REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. S. B. Wootworrng, LL. D., Secretary of the Legents: Sir.—Since the date of my last report, specimens of three hundred and twenty-four species of plants have been poisoned and mounted, three hundred and sixteen of which were not before represented in the Herbarium. For want of room in the Herbarium case, only a part of these have been placed therein. A list of the specimens ’ mounted is marked (1). Specimens have been collected in the counties of Albany, Alle- gany, Cattaraugus, Essex, Orange, Putnam, Rensselaer, Schuyler, Seneca and Wayne, representing two hundred and twenty-two species new to the State. Of these, one hundred are regarded as new or undescribed species. A list of specimens collected is marked (2). This does not include new varieties and duplicate specimens of species before reported. Of these, a considerable number of speci- mens have been collected. Specimens representing thirty-one species new to the State, and not among my collections of the past season, have been received from correspondents. They were collected in the counties of Dutchess, Erie, Greene, Kings, Suffolk, Rockland and Ulster. If these be added to those of my own collecting, the total number of additions to the flora of the State, the past season, becomes two hundred and fifty-three species. This number is smaller than those of previous years, and having been attained without any diminution of diligence or relaxation of effort, it indicates considerable progress toward the full representation of our flora by specimens in the State Herbarium. A classified statement of the number of added species is given below: 8 58 TWENTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSUEM. New to the New to State. Science. (| Flowering plants.... 2 ee i) UME@AGESia ou ./oe te coves ete + 3 J ; Collected ..........-. A) NALOMG es oan ctesey ie me « 5 (Ue <5. 9 5 w aapagaeeres 211 96 Motally bbb laterarius Pk. C. angulatus P&. Limonium Pz. Cortinarius sphzerosporus PA. thujinus Pk. C. porphyropus A. & S. fumidellus PA. C. claricolor 7. Hebeloma PA. C. _—_ longipes Pk. lacunosus Pk. C. lilacinus Ph. connexus Ph, C. modestus PA. albissimus PA. C. Clintonianus P&. maculosus Pk. C. torvus 7. Truncicola Pk. C. lignarius PA. subzonalis Pk. C. nigrellus PA. Gerardianus Ph. C. _ pulcher PA. niger Schw. Lepista cinerascens Bull. conigenus Pers. Paxillus strigosus P&. coloreus Pk. P. _ panuoides /7. miratus Pk. Hygroph orus purus &. echinipes Lasch. H. eburneus Bull. rugosodiseus Pk. H. Cossus F7. eyaneus Pk. H. virgatulus P&. granularis Ph. H. borealis Pk. byssisedus Pers. Lactarius regalis Pk. fuscofolius Pk. L. Gerardii Pk. PPP D> PPP PP bP p> b> b> p> p> bp b> rp b> pb bp ppb p> foliomarginatus PA. Russula consobrina /7. 44 TWRHNTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Russula sordida Ph. Marasmius Viticola B. & C. M. cespitosus PA. M. _longipes P2. M. glabellus P&. M. straminipes PA. Panus strigosus B. & C. Lenzites vialis PA. Boletus piperatus Lvl. B. pallidus Fost. B. chrysenteron /7. B. ampliporus P#. Polyporus griseus P&. ceruleoporus Pk. flavidus Pk. splendens PA. humilis Pk. rhipidius Berk. maculatus Pk. aurantiacus P&. conchifer Schw. ferruginosus /’7. Armeniacus Berk. sanguinolentus /7. attenuatus Pk. : violaceus 17. Hexagona carbonaria B. & C. Cyclomyces Greenii Berk. Hydnum confluens Pd. ist ferruginosum 7, Sistotrema confluens Pers. Grandinia eoriaria Pk. Thelephora Willeyi Clinton. Stereum tenerrimum B & R. 8. radiatum Pk. Corticium bicolor Pk. C. leucothrix B. & C. Clavaria fistulosa F7. Tremella frondosa: F7. Exobasidium Azaleze Pk. E. Andromedee Pk. WHA Lycoperdon separans PA. L. pedicellatum Ph. Aethalium Ferrincola Schw. Spumaria alba DC. Diderma crustaceum PA. D. = Marie-Wilsoni Clinton. D. farinaceum Pk. Didymium connatum P#. iD: furfuraceum /’7. 1D: farinaceum 7. Physarum cespitosum PA. tc. pulcherripes PF. Angioridium sinuosum (rev. Craterium leucocephalum Dztm. C. obovatum PA. Stemonitis herbatica PA- Arcyria nutans £7. Trichia reniformis P&. Licea cylindrica Fr. Pericheena flavida Ph. Sphzronema Magnolize P&. Pestalozzia Pezizoides De Wot. Bactridium flavum “ze. Uromyces Sparganii C. & P. OB pyriformis Cooke. AXcidium Lyeopi Gerard, AB. Hydrophylli PA. Stilbum ramosum P42. Ceratium porioides A. & S. C. hydnoideum A. & S. Myrothecium Fungicola P2. Helicoma Mulleri Cd. Aspergillus glaucus Lh. A. fuliginosus P&. Polyactis fascicularis Cd. Oidium fulvum ZA. Fusisporium roseolum Steph. Pilacre faginea B. & Br. Mucor inzequalis PA. Microsphera Russellii Clinton. M. densissima Sehw. ReEPoRT oF THE BOTANIST. 45 Microsphera Dubyi Zev. Erysiphe Euphorbie P2. Peziza hesperidea C. & P. subochracea C. & P. lacerata C. & P. vincta C7. & P. Dehnii 2adh. assimilis C. & P. pulverulenta Lebert. crocitincta B. & C. violacea Pers. unicisa Pk. albumina (. & P. corrugata C. & P. plete rugipes Pk. macrosporum Pk. thujinum Pk. gracile C. & P. Limonium @. & P. Ho A Elaphomyces granulatus 77. Hysterium macrosporum Pk. spheroides A. & S. exaridum C. & P. maculare /7. angustatum A. & S. typhinum /7. Torrubia capitata /7. Hypocrea alutacea 7. bo bal Ett Hypomyees polyporinus Pk. Nectria Ribis Tode. coccinea /7. Celastri Schw. balsamea 1. & P. Apocyni Pk. mycetophila P&. iatrype platystoma Schw. bullata Fr. Toccizana De Not. moroides 0. & P. Melanconis stilbostoma Zul. Valsa bicincta C. & P. Lophiostoma magnatum C. & P. L. turritum C. & P. Eutypa Acharii 7’. Spheria canescens Pers. S. staphylina P&. Desmodii Pk. S viridicoma (1. & P. S mutans C. & P. S Semen 1. & P. S. subconica C. & P. S. fuscella B. & Br. S S N) M Sy ooeaaawy maculeformis Pers. Sarmentorum /7. racemula C. & P. assaria bufonia Zw. (3) CONTRIBUTORS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS. Miss M. L. Wuzson, Buffalo, N. Y. Usnea trichodea Ach. Alectoria Fremontii Zeck. Ramalina tenuis Zeck. Cladonia muscigena Scher. Lecanora Hageni Ach. Gyalecta Pineti /7. Buellia turgescens Vyl. Strigula Feei Mont. H. Gittman, Detroit, Mich. Tanacetum Huronense JVuwtt. Anemone multifida DC. Vaccinium myrtilloides Hook. Aspidium Lonchitis Sw. M4 fragrans Sw. 46 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. S. N. Cowuzs, Otisco, N. Y. Chenopodium polyspermum L. | Panicum agrostoides Spreng. J. S. Merriam, New York City. Sesuvium pentandrum Ell. Helianthus angustifolius Z. Hiracium murorum ZL. Utricularia purpurea Walt. AKeidium Uvularize Schw. AB. Neseae Gerard. E. C. Hows, M. D., Yonkers, N. Y. Chara Hedwigii Ag. C. hispida Z. Delesseria Leprieurii Mont. Puccinia curtipes Howe. Pestalozzia Pezizoides De Wot. Uncinula spiralis B. & C. H. W. Youne, Aquebogue, L. I. Helianthus angustifolius Z. Utricularia resupinata Greene. Scirpus debilis Pwrsh. Cyperus Grayii Zorr. Hypericum Canadense L. Rhynchospora nitens Vahl. Panicum amarum £7J. Andropogon Virginicus LZ. Sparganium sim. v. androcladum. E. S. Mitier, Wading River, L. I. Reseda luteola Z. Drosera filiformis Raf. Galactia mollis Wz. Desmodium levigatum DC. Potentilla recta Wedld. Myriophyllum tenellum Svgel. M. amb. var. limosum Gr. Oldenlandia glomerata Mz. Aster concolor Z. Tilia Am. var. pubescens Gr. Hypericum Can. var. major Gr. Utricularia minor Z. U. resupinata Greene. A intermedia Hayne. Rhynchospora nitens Val. R. macrostachya TZorr. Scirpus subterminalis Zor. Eleocharis rostellata Zorr. E. melanocarpa Torr. Eragrostis pozeoides Lv. Eleusine Indica Gert. Botrychium simplex Hitch. ’ H. Wittey, New Bedford, Mass. Cetraria Fendleri Tuck. Sticta fuliginosa Ach. Pannaria Petersii Zwck. P: brunnea Sw. P. rubiginosa Ach. Collema cladodes Tuck. Lichina confinis Ag. Synalissa phylliscina Z'wck. S. pheeococca Tuck. Biatora ostreata Hoffm. 1B: rub. var. inundata 7. Agyrium rufum Pers. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 47 Buellia Elize Zuck. iB. alboatra Scher. B. vernicoma Tuck. B. dyalita Ny. B. myrmecina /?. [ Tuck. Lecanactis pr. var. chloroconia Opegrapha demissa Tuck. Arthonia dispersa Vy. 2 teediosa Vy. Staurothele circinata Z'wck. Sagedia oxyspora Vy. Verrucaria pinguicula ass. + pyrenophora Ach. W. R. Gerarp, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Nyctalis asterophora /’7. Puccinia Lobelis Gerard. AKcidium Nesee Gerard. LE. Lysimachie ZA. AK. Clematitis Schw. Uredo Caryophyllacez Johnst. Periconia calicioides 77. Uncinula spiralis B. & C. U. parvula C. & P. Peziza chrysoplithalma Gd. Hypomyces Van Bruntianus Gd. Xylaria Graminicola Gerard. Lophium mytilinum £7. Spheria Sarmentorum /7, Hon. G. W. Cuinron, Buffalo, N. Y. Torilis anthriscus Gert. Agaricus silvaticus Scheff. Polyporus Gordoniensis B. & Br. Hexagona carbonaria B. & C. Hydnum sulphureum Schw. Thelephora Willeyi Clinton. Diderma Mariz-Wilsoni Clinton. Phoma brunneotinctum B. & C. Diplodia vulgaris Lev. Excipula Equiseti P&. Dinemasporium acerinum Pk. Bactridium flavum “ze. Kcidium album Clinton. Perenospora parasitica Pers. * Seirosporium Mohrii Clinton in litt. Oidium megalosporum B. & C. O. fulvum Zh. Uncinula spiralis B. & C. U. flexuosa Ph. Microspheera Russellii Clinton. M. Dubyi Lev. Peziza hesperidea C. & P. Ee theleboloides A. & S. Colpoma juniperinum 0. & P. * Seirosporium Mohrii Clinton. Hypocrea contorta Schw. Xylaria grandis PA. Valsa centripeta /7. Massaria bufonia 77. Cups scattered, sessile, slightly concave, margined, black; asci clavate ; paraphyses very slender, filiform ; spores linear, nearly colorless, closely 25-35 septate, .004-.005 in. long. Bark of trees. Hawaiilsland. Coll. H. Mann. 48 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. (4) PLANTS FOUND GROWING SPONTANEOUSLY IN THE STATE AND NOT BEFORE REPORTED. PorentiLia REcTA Walld.: Ridge near Wading River, Long Island. Z. S. Miller. TorIuis ANTHRISCUS Gort. Buffalo. G. W. Clinton. Introduced. HeELiANTHUS ANGUSTIFOLIUS ZL. Salt marsh, Peconic river. H. W. Young. New Lots, Long Island. J. 8. Merriam. UtrRICULARIA RESUPINATA G7eene. Ponds, Wading River. JZdller, Young. PyYonaNTHEMUM PiILosum /Vuwitt. Near Savannah, Wayne county. CHENOPODIUM POLYSPERMUM L. Brewerton, Onondaga county. S. WV. Cowles. Roumex Enertmanni Ledeb. Mouth of Peconic river, L. I. Young. Ruynonospora niTEns Vahl. Wading River. filler, Young. Panicum Amarum £7. Indian island at the mouth of Peconic river. Y oung. Long Island seems to be the northern limit of several plants having a southern range. ASPLENIUM MontTANUM Wedilld. Rocky precipices. New Paltz, Ulster county. This is probably its most northern station, and at present its only known iocality in the State. The credit of its discovery here belongs, I believe, to Wr. H. Denslow. CHARA HISPIDA JL. New Baltimore, Greene county. £. C. Howe. A single speci- men. Cuara Hepwien Ag. New Baltimore. Howe. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 49 Pannaria Peters Tuck. Rocks. Trenton Falls and Glen’s Falls: H. Wedlley. PANNARIA RUBIGINOSA Ach. Truvks of trees. Shandaken, Ulster county. CoLLEMA TENAX Sow. Rocks. Helderberg mountains. CoLLEMA cLADopDEs Zuck. Rocks. Trenton Falls. Wédley. Lrecanora Hacent Ach. Rocks. Niagara Falls. Miss I. L. Wilson. Gyatrecra Prineri Schrad. Mossy ground. Arcade. Miss Wilson. Shawangunk moun- tains. C.F. Austin. BIATORA RIVULOSA Ach. Rocks and stones. Worcester, Otsego county. The specimens are sterile. Bvuewuia turcescens /Vyl. Old wood. Buffalo. Wiss Wilson. LECANACTIS PREMNEA var. cHLOROocoNIA TZ'uck. Bark of hemlock trees. Ithaca. Weéiley. STAUROTHELE CIROINATA Zuck. Rocks. Trenton Falls. Wedley. VERRUCARIA PINauIcuLA Mass. Rocks. Trenton Falls. Wédley. VERRUCARIA PYRENOPHORA Ach. Rocks. Trenton Falls. Wedley. VERRUCARIA RUPESTRIS Schrad. Rocks. Watkins’ Glen, Schuyler county. Agaricus Frresi Lasch. Woods. Fort Edward. Howe. Worcester, Otsego county, and Memphis, Onondaga county. Our specimens do not agree strictly with the description of the species, The stem is not scaly and the odor is scarcely perceptible 4 50 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MuseEvM. unless the plant be cut or wounded or until it is dried. The outer or lower surface of the annulus is scaly. Agaricus (Leprora) Fuscosquameus Peck,.* Pileus hemispherical or convex, rough, with numerous erect pointed blackish-brown scales; lamellz close, white, free; stem equal, thickened at the base, hollow or stuffed with a cottony pith, floccose, brown ; spores .0003 x .00014 of an inch. Plant 2-3 inches high, pileus 1.5-2 inches broad, stem 3 lines thick. Ground in woods. Croghan, Lewis county. September. AGARICUS FELINUS ers. Ground in woods. Croghan and North Elba. August and September. aes in his Epicrisis, unites this species with Ag. clypeolarius, and indeed in our specimens there is no external mark whereby the one may be separated from the other except the darker color of the scales in Ag. felinus. But this difference is so strongly sup- ported by the much smaller spores (.00028 x .00016 in.) that I am constrained to follow Persoon in considering this plant distinct from Ay. clypeolarius. ° Ag. fuscosguameus may be separated from it by its stouter habit, bulbous stem and more narrow spores. Agaricus (Leprora) osiitus Peck. Pileus fleshy, convex or expanded, subumbonate, smooth or obscurely squamose from the breaking up of the veil, viscid, alu- taceous, inclining to tawny, the umbo generally darker; lamellee crowded, free, whitish or yellowish, some of them forked ; stem equal or slightly tapering upward, smooth at the top, floccose, viscid, hollow or containing a cottony pith; annulus obsolete; spores .00016 x .00012 in. Plant 2’-3' high, pileus 2'—3’ broad, stem 3” thick. Ground in frondose woods. Lowville, Lewis county. September. Agaricus (ARMILLARIA) PONDEROSUS Peck. Pileus thick, compact, convex or subcampanulate, smooth, white or yellowish, the naked margin strongly involute beneath the slightly viscid persistent veil; lamelle crowded, narrow, slightly emarginate, white inclining to cream color; stem stout subequal, firm, solid, coated by the veil, colored like the pileus, white and furfuraceous above the annulus; flesh white; spores nearly globose, .00016 in. in diameter. * The species to which the author’s name is appended have been published in the Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences, vol. I, pp. 41-72. REPORT orf THE BOTANIST, 51 Plant 4-6’ high, pileus 4’-6’ broad, stem about 1’ thick. Ground in woods. Copake, Columbia county. October. The veil for a long time conceals the lamelle and finally becomes lacerated and adheres in shreds or fragments to the stem and mar- gin of the pileus. Agaricus (TRicHoLomA) ruBicuNDUs Pech. Pileus convex, then expanded or centrally depressed, viscid, slightly tomentose on the margin when young, smooth or some- times with a few scales either on the disk or on the margin, red; lamelle close, white becoming spotted with red, some of them forked; stem firm, equal, solid, slightly pruinose, white often stained with red ; spores .00028 x .00016 in. Plant 3’—5’ high, pileus 3-5’ broad, stem 6”—8" thick. Ground in woods. New Scotland, Albany county. October. The plant is rarely ceespitose. The thin cuticle is separable. The color is suggestive of species of Russula. Agaricus (TRrIcHoLoma) FLAVESCENS Peck. Pileus firm, convex, often irregular, dry, smooth, sometimes cracking into minute scales on the disk, white or pale yellow, minutely tomentose on the margin when young; lamellee close, floccose on the edge, white or pale yellow; stem firm, solid, often unequal, central or eccentric, colored like the pileus; spores sub- globose, .0002 in. in diameter. Plant ceespitose, 2-3’ high, pileus 2’—3’ broad, stem 4”—6” thick. Old pine stumps. Bethlehem and North Greenbush. October. Acarious (TRicHoLomA) Lacunosus Peck. Pileus convex or expanded, dry, lacunose, densely furfuraceous, bright goiden-yellow; lamelle subdistant, white, the interspaces — sometimes veiny; stem firm, solid, equal or slightly tapering downwards, scaly or furfuraceous, colored like the pileus. Plant 1—2' high, pileus 1’ broad, stem 1” thick. Fallen branches and decaying wood. Savannah. August. The colors are well retained in the dried specimens. The lacune of the pileus give it a somewhat reticulated appearance. Agaricus (TricHoLoMA) LarERARIUS Peck. Pileus convex or expanded, sometimes slightly depressed in the center, pruinose, whitish, the disk often tinged with red or brown, the thin margin marked with slight subdistant, short, radiating ridges ; lamelle narrow, crowded, white, prolonged in little decur- 52 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. rent lines on the stem; stem nearly equal, solid, white; spores globose, .00018 in. in diameter. Plant 3-4’ high, pileus 2’-4’ broad, stem 3’—5” thick. Ground in woods. Worcester. July. The ornamentation of the margin of the pileus is a convenient mark of specific distinction. Agaricus (TricHotoma) Limontum Peck. Pileus thin, broadly convex or expanded, smooth, yellowish ; lamelle crowded, narrow, not forming decurrent lines on the stem, lemon yellow; stem tapering downwards, smooth, striate, radi- cating. Plant 3-4’ high, pileus 2-3’ broad, stem 3’-4" thick. Ground in woods. Worcester and Croghan. July and Sep- tember. The lemon yellow color, especially distinct in the lamelle, and the tapering root-like prolongation of the stem characterize this species. AGARICUS LEUCOCEPHALUS Arombh. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. This plant is sometimes ceespitose. Its stem is narrowed at the base into a tapering root-like prolongation. Agaricus (TRICHOLOMA) FUMIDELLUS Peck. Pileus convex, then expanded, subumbonate, smooth, moist, dingy white or clay-color clouded with brown ; lamellee close, sub- ventricose, whitish; stem equal, smooth, solid, whitish; spores .00018 x .00015 in. Plant 2’-3’ high, pileus 1'- 2‘ broad, stem 2"-3" thick. Ground in woods. New Scotland. October. The disk is generally darker than the margin. The pileus becomes paler in drying. The stem splits easily. Agaricus (TricHotoma) tHusInus Peck. Pileus convex or centrally depressed, smooth, hygrophanous, pale alutaceous, the margin generally irregular, wavy or lobed; lamellee crowded, thin, abruptly emarginate, alutaceous; stem slightly thickened at the top, smooth, hollow, concolorous, whitish- villous at the base. Plant 2’ high, pileus 2’ broad, stem 2°-3" thick. Swampy ground, mnie arbor-vite, Thuja occidentalis. Mem- phis. August. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 53 Agaricus (TricHotomaA) Hesetoma Peck. Pileus broadly conical or subcampanulate, obtuse, thin, hygro- phanous, striatulate and brown, with a darker disk when moist, grayish when dry; lamelle broad, rounded behind and deeply emarginate, yellowish; stem equal, hollow, smooth, pallid; spores .00028 x .00016 in. Plant 1’ high, pileus 6" broad, stem scarcely 1" thick. Ground in woods. Worcester. July. This plant so closely resembles some species of the subgenus Hebeloma in general appearance, that, in the absence of the spores, it might easily be mistaken for a species of that subgenus. Agaricus (Ciirocysr) connexus Peck. Pileus thin, convex or expanded, subumbonate, clothed with a minute appressed silkiness, white, the margin sometimes faintly tinged with blue; lamellz crowded, narrow, white inclining to yellowish ; stem equal or tapering downwards, solid, whitish. Plant 2'-3’ high, pileus 2’-3' broad, stem 2” thick. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. The lamellee sometimes terminate rather abruptly and are not strongly decurrent, hence it might easily be mistaken for a Tricho- loma. The margin of the pileus is sometimes marked with slight ridges as in Ag. laterarius. The odor is weak but aromatic and agreeable. Agaricus (CiirocysBe) aLtBisstmus Peck. Pileus convex or expanded; dry, smooth, soft, pure white ; lamelle close, short-decurrent, white, some of them forked at the base ; stem equal, smooth, solid, white. Plant growing in rings, 2-3' high, pileus 2’-3' broad, stem 2"-3" thick. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. The pure white color and soft texture is retained in the dried specimens. Agaricus (Ciirocysr) MAcuLosus Peck. Pileus convex, centrally depressed, smooth, marked with nume- rous watery spots when moist, yellowish-white, with slight short radiating ridges on the margin; lamellz crowded, narrow, long- decurrent, pallid or yellowish, some of them forked; stem slightly thickened at the base, smooth, stuffed or hollow, colored like the pileus. Plant 2'-3' high, pileus 1.5’-2' broad, stem 2"-3" thick. 54 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. The watery spots of the pileus resemble those of Ag. marmoreus. They often disappear as the plant becomes dry. Agaricus (Cirrocysr) Trunoicota Peck. Pileus thin, firm, expanded or slightly depressed in the center, smooth, dry, Shiites lamelle narrow, thin, crowded, adnate-decur- rent; stem equal, stuffed, smooth, often eccentric and curved, whitish. Plant 1’ high, pileus 1’ broad, stem 1” thick. Trunks of frondose trees, especially maples. Croghan. Sep- tember. Agaricus (CLirocyBE) suBzonALIS Peck. Pileus thin, centrally depressed or subinfundibuliform, marked with two or three obscure zones, with a slight appressed silkiness, pale yellow; lamelle close, narrow, equally decurrent, some of | them forked, pallid or yellowish; stem equal, slightly abr: : stutied, pale yellow. Plant 2’ high, pileus 2’-3' broad, stem 2"-4" thick. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. Agaricus (CiirocyBe) Grrarpianus Peck. Pileus thin, funnel-form, hygrophanous, striatulate when moist, brown, rough with scattered blackish points; lamelle decurrent, close, a little paler than the pileus, some of them forked; stem rather long, flexuous, smooth, stuffed, concolorous, white at the base. Plant 2'-3' high, pileus 8"-12" broad, stem .5"-1" thick. Sphagnous marshes. Sandlake, Rensselaer county. New Paltz. une. - This is related to Ag. ectypoides, but it is much more slender and fragile, with a different habitat and without the fibrous radia- ting lines on the pileus of that species. Agaricus NIGER Schw. Decaying wood. Helderberg mountains. AGARICUS ConIGENUS Pers. Fallen pine cones. Croghan and New Scotland. September. Agaricus (CottysiA) cotoreus Peck. Pileus convex, subumbilicate, slightly fibrillose, hygrophanous, yellow, sometimes tinged with red, the margin exceeding the REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 55 lamelle ; lamellee moderately close, emarginate, yellow ; stem equal, smooth, hollow, sometimes eccentric, yellow. Plant 1-2’ high, pileus 8-12" broad, stem 1° thick. Decaying wood. Croghan. September. Agaricus (Mycrna) miratus Peck. . Pileus thin, campanulate, umbilicate, smooth, striate, cinereous ; lamellee close, narrow, slightly uncinate, whitish; stem long, fili- form, smooth, whitish, radicating, villous at the base. Plant about 2° high, pileus 3°-4" broad and high. Among fallen leaves. Center, Albany county. October. This species may be known by the umbilicate pileus and its long striz which extend to the umbilicus. AGarRicus EcHINIPES Lasch. Fallen leaves. Center. Oct. Agaricus (OmpHALta) RuGosopiscus Peck. Pileus thin, convex, then expanded, smooth, hygrophanons, striatulate when moist, brown, rugulose-wrinkled on the disk, the thin margin often wavy ; lamelle narrow, close, arcuate, decurrent, white ; stem equal, short, smooth, hollow, often curved, whitish. Plant 1'-1.5' high, pileus 6"-12" broad, stem .5’ thick. Rotten trunks in woods. Worcester and Croghan. July and September. . The pileus varies from umbilicate to slightly umbonate. The odor and taste of radishes is sometimes perceptible. Agaricus (Enrotoma) cyanEus Peck. Pileus convex, dry, minutely scaly, brown or brownish-viola- ceous ; lamellee whitish, then tinged with flesh-color ; stem equal or slightly thickened at the base, hollow, scaly and violaceous toward the top ; spores angular, .00033 x .00025 in. Plant 2’ high, pileus 1— 1.5’broad, stem 1° thick. Decaying wood and old messy logs in woods. Pine Hill and Worcester. June and July. It is probable that the violaceous hue becomes obsolete with age. Agaricus (PLurevus) GRANULARIS Peck. Pileus convex, then expanded, subumbonate, rugose-wrinkled, sprinkled with minute blackish granules, varying in color from yellow to brown; lamellze rather broad, close, ventricose, free, whitish, then flesh-colored; stem equal, solid, pallid or brown, 56 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. usually paler at the top, velvety with a short close plush; spores subglobose, about .0002 in. in diameter. Plant 2'-3' high, pileus 1-2’ broad, stem 1’-2" thick. Old logs in woods. Pine Hill and Worcester. The granules form a sort of plush which is more dense on the disk of the pileus and its wrinkles than on the margin. The spe- cies is related to Ag. nanus, but is larger and has a different stem. AGARICUS ByssIsEDUS Pers. Rotten wood. Sterling, Cayuga county. August. Agaricus (Lepronia) Fotiomarernatus Peck. Pileus convex, umbilicate, scabrous on the disk, bluish-brown, the disk a little darker; lamelle broad, subdistant, plane, whitish, then flesh-colored, the edge entire and colored like the pileus; stem smooth, equal, solid below, with a small cavity above, con- colorous. Plant 1'-2' high, pileus 6’-10" broad, stem .5" thick. Ground a decaying wood in groves. Maryland, Otsego county. July It is alate! to Ag. serrulatus. Acanricus (NoLaneA) Fuscorottus Peck. Pileus thin, conical or campanulate, papillate, smooth, hygro- phanous, dark-brown and striatulate when moist, grayish-brown and shining when dry ; lamelle ascending, rather close, narrowed toward each end, brown; stem equal, stuffed, smooth, concolorous, with a white mycelium at the base: spores irregular, nucleate, .00033 x .00025 in. Plant 1’ high, pileus 3’—6" broad, stem .5" thick. In woods on old logs. Maryland. July. Agaricus (Crepipotus) HerRBarum 7. sp. Pileus thin, at first resupinate, with the margin incurved, clothed with white down, at length somewhat reflexed, less downy, the thin margin spreading ; lamelle narrow, not crowded, diverging from a naked lateral or eccentric point, white, then tawny; spores slightly curved, .00028 x .00014 in. Pileus 2’-4" broad. Dead stems of herbs. North Greenbush. October. The pileus is attached by white, webby filaments. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 57 AGARIcUs NEPHRODES B. c& C. Decaying wood. Worcester. July. Our specimens are mostly snails: resembling in shape Ag. petalordes. Agaricus (CREPIDOTUS) FULVYOTOMENTOSUS 7. sp. Pileus dimidiate or reniform, sessile, clothed with numerous small tomentose tawny scales; lamellee close, free, the edge white; spores elliptical, .0003 x .0002 in. Pileus about 1’ in diameter. Decaying wood. Savannah. August. Agaricus (PHotiora) cerasinus Peck. Pileus broadly convex, smooth, hygrophanous, watery-cinnamon when moist, yellow when dry; lamelle close, emarginate, yellow, then cinnamon color ; stem solid, equal, often curved, furfuraceous at the top; annulus slight, fugacious; flesh yellow; spores ellipti- cal, rough, .0003 x .0002 in. Plant ceespitose, 2'-4' high, pileus 2'-4' broad, stem 2’—4" thick. Old prostrate trunks of trees in woods. Sterling. August. When fresh it has a strong amygdaline odor. Aaaricus (HEBELoMA) sTELLATOsPoRUS Peck. Pileus convex, dry, rough, with numerous squarrose or erect scales, brown ; lamelle pallid, becoming brown; stem equal, scaly, concolorous; spores subglobose, rough with little nodules, .0008 in. in diameter. Plant 2’ high, pileus 1’ broad, stem 1” thick. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. This plant bears a close resemblance to Ag. mutatus, but the persistent scales and rough spores distinguish it. AGARICUS ibe econ GRISEOscABRosts Pech. Pileus hemispherical or convex, dry, rough with appressed fibres and scales, cinereous, the margin whitish when young; lamelle close, broad, whitish when young, then ochraceous-brown ; stem firm, equal or slightly tapering downward, solid, fibrillose or slightly scaly, subconcolorous ; spores smooth, .00035 x .0002 in. Plant gregarious, 1.5'—2' high, pileus 6’-10" broad, stem 1"-1.5” thick. Ground in woods. Bethlehem. October. 58 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Agarious (Navcorta) BELLULUs Peck. Pileus thin, moist, convex, smooth, bright watery-cinnamon ; lamelle crowded, narrow, emarginate, yellow, becoming darker with age; stem equal, hollow, generally curved, smooth, reddish- brown ; spores .0002 x .00014 in. Plant 1’ high, pileus 6-12" broad. Decaying hemlock trunks in woods. Lowville and Sandlake. September. t is sometimes ceespitose. It is rare to find a specimen in which the lamellze do not have a stained or spotted appearance as if bit- ten by some small insect. Agaricus (Navcorta) GeEMINELLUS Peck. Pileus convex, even, dry, firm, yellowish-red, the margin paler ; lamellz crowded, emarginate, pale yellow; stem equal, smooth, containing a white pith or a small cavity, colored like the pileus ; flesh white ; spores .00033 x .0002 in. Rotten wood. Croghan. September. This plant is closely related to the preceding one, being of the same size and habit, but differing in color and in the size of the spores. As in that species the lamellee are spotted as if bitten by insects. Agaricus (Navcorts) piscomorsipus Peck. Pileus thin, convex or expanded, smooth, slightly viscid, reddish- brown or dull chestnut color; lamelle narrow, crowded, minutely serrulate, white or pallid, then brownish; stem equal, stuffed, smooth, slightly mealy. at the top, white; flesh white; spores nucleate, .0004 x .00025 in. Plant 2'-3' high, pileus 11.5: broad, stem 1"—2" thick. Ground in woods. Oroghan and Copake. September and October. In the dried specimens the disk has a dark discolored appear- ance as if beginning to decay, whence the specific uname. Agaricus (GaLERA) Expansus Peck. Pileus submembranaceous, expanded or centrally depressed, viscid, plicate-striate on the margin, brownish-ochre, sometimes tinged with yellow and pink hues; lamell close, attached, ferru- ginous; stem long, equal, hollow, slightly pruinose, faintly striate, yellow ; spores .00045 x .00028 in. Plant 3'-4' high, pileus 1 broad, stem 1” thick. Decaying wood. Sandlake and Memphis. August. REPOR1 OF THE BOTANIST. 59 Agaricus (GALERA) CALLISTUS Peck. Pileus thin, expanded, subumbonate, smooth, viscid, striatulate on the margin, olivaceous or ochraceous, the umbo bright chestnut color; lamellze thin, close, ventricose, attached to but easily sepa- rating from the stem, yellowish, becoming bright ferruginous; stem equal, hollow, pruinose, yellow; spores .00035 x .0002 in. Plant 11.5’ high, pileus 6-10" broad, stem .5” thick. Exsiccated water holes in swampy woods. Croghan. Sep- tember. This is one of the prettiest Agarics known to me. In the dried specimens the lamelle are white on the edge and the pileus has assumed a dull metallic green color. Agaricus (GALERA) coprinorpEs Peck. Pileus membranaceous, soon expanded, often split on the mar- gin, plicate-sulcate to the small even disk, yellowish, inclining to ochre; lamellz close, slightly rounded behind, concolorous ; stem equal, hollow, minutely hairy-pruinose, white; spores .00028 x .0002 in. Plant 1’ high, pileus 6" broad, stem .5" thick. Grassy ground. Sterling. August. The structure of the pileus is like that of some of the smaller Coprini. Agaricus sitvaticus Scheff. Buffalo. Clinton. I have seen dried specimens only, but they appear to belong to this species. Agcaricus (Psauziota) piminutivus Peck. Pileus expanded or centrally depressed, sometimes with a slight umbo, dry, alutaceous, the-disk rosy-brown and spotted with small appressed silky scales ; lamellee close, thin, free, ventricose, brown- ish-pink, becoming black ; stem equal or slightly tapering upward, stuffed with a whitish pith or hollow, smooth, pallid; annulus thin, persistent, white ; spores .0002 x .00015 in. Plant 1.5'-2' high, pileus 1’'-1.5' broad, stem 1°—2" thick. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. Sometimes the whole pileus is colored reddish-brown. The flesh is quite brittle. Agaricus (StrropHarta) Hownanus Peck. Pileus convex, then expanded, fragile, smooth, subumbonate, yellowish ; lamelle close, thin, rounded behind, eroded on the 60 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. edge, whitish, becoming ferruginous-brown ; stem smooth, hollow, slightly thickened at the base; annulus thin, fugacious, sometimes adhering to the margin of the pileus ; flesh white ; spores .00033 x .0002 in. Plant 3'-4' high, pileus 2’-3' broad, stem 2"—4" thick. Ground. Center. June. The surface of the pileus sometimes cracks into areas. The taste is bitter. The color of the spores is not a decided brown, and the plant might, with almost equal propriety, be referred to the subgenus Pholiota. Agaricus (HypHotoma) pHYLLoGENUs Peck. Pileus firm, convex, sometimes slightly umbonate, hygrophanous, reddish-brown when meist, alutaceous when dry; lamelle plane, broad, close, brown, white on the edge; stem equal, fibrillose, stuffed or hollow, spreading out at the base into a thin flat disk; spores pale-brown, subglobose, .0002 in. in diameter. Plant 8’-12" high, pileus 2"-4" broad, stem .5" thick. Fallen leaves in woods. Worcester. July. This is a very small but distinct species, remarkable for the disk- like base of the stem by which it is attached to the leaves on which it grows. Coprinus instants Peck. Pileus campanulate, thin, sulcate-striate to the disk, grayish fawn color, the smooth disk sometimes cracking into small areas or scales ; lamellee ascending, crowded ; stem hollow, slightly fibrillose, striate, white; spores rough, .0004 x .00028 in. Plant 4-5’ high, pileus 2'-3' broad, stem 3" thick. About the roots of trees in woods. Worcester. July. The species is remarkable for its rough spores. In size and general appearance it bears some resemblance to C. atramentarius. Coprinus anauLtatus Peck. Pileus submembranaceous, hemispherical or convex, plicate-sul- cate, the disk smooth; lamelle subdistant, reaching the stem, whitish, then black; stem equal, smooth, whitish; spores com- pressed, angular, subovate, .0004 x .00033 in. Plant 1'-2’ high, pileus 6"-12" broad, stem .5” thick. In woods. Croghan. September. The specific name has reference to the angular character of the spores. These in shape have some resemblance to a very blunt arrow-head, they being slightly excavated on each side of the base REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 61 and gradually narrowed toward the very obtuse apex. This and the preceding species are described from dried specimens, they being respectively taken at the time of collecting for forms of C. atramentarius and C. silvaticus. Cortinarius (Myxactum) spHarosporvs Peck. Pileus convex, smooth, very viscid, pale ochraceous; lamellze close, nearly plane, slightly emarginate, whitish, then cinnamon; stem tapering upward, solid, floccose, viscid, subconcolorous, white at the top; flesh white; spores nearly globose, about .0003 in. in diameter. : Plant 2-4’ high, pileus 2-3’ broad, stem 3’—5” thick. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. Cortinarius (PaHiEa@Mactum) tonaiers Peck. Pileus convex or expanded, slightly fibrillose, viscid, yellowish or pale ochraceous ; lamellze close, plane, brownish-olivaceous, then cinnamon ; stem long, slightly fibrillose, tapering upwards, whitish. Plant 6’ high, pileus 2-3’ broad, stem 4” thick. Ground in wocds. Croghan. September. CorTINARIUS CLARICOLOR 7. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. CorTINARIUS PORPHYROPUS A. & WN. Ground in woods. Copake. October. This plant is readily known by the purplish or lilac tints it assumes where bruised or wounded. Cortinarius (INotoma) Linactnus Peck. / Pileus firm, hemispherical, then convex, minutely silky, lilac color; lamelle close, lilac, then cinnamon; stem stout, bulbous, silky-fibrillose, solid, whitish, tinged with lilac; spores nucleate, .0004 x .00025 in. Plant 4—5' high, pileus 3’ broad, stem 4’—6” thick. Low mossy ground in woods. Croghan. September. This is a rare but beautiful plant, allied to C. alboviolaceus, from which it may be distinguished by its stouter habit, deeper color and bulbous stem. In the young plant the bulb is much broader than the undeveloped pileus that surmounts it. Cortinarius ([yotoma) OLInToNIANUS Peck. Pileus convex or expanded, with a few appressed silky fibrils, reddish-brown, more or less tinged with gray; lamellee close, dull- 62 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. violaceous, then cinnamon; stem solid, silky-fibrillose, tapering ° upwards, concolorous, violaceous at the top; spores .0003 x .00025 in. Plant 2—3' high, pileus 1—2' broad, stem 2’—3” thick. ° Ground in woods. Croghan and New Scotland. September and October. Cortinarius (Inotoma) moprstus Peck. Pileus convex or expanded, subfibrillose, even or slightly rugose- wrinkled, alutaceous; lamelle close, nearly plane, pallid, then cinnamon; stem bulbous, subfibrillose, hollow, or with a white pith, concolorous; flesh white ; spores .00033 x .00025 in. Plant 2’ high, pileus 1’-1.5’ broad, stem 2” thick. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. It is distinguished from the preceding species by its paler color, more bulbous stem and by the entire absence of violaceous tints in the lamelle. Cortinarius (TELAMoNIA) LignaRiIus Peck. Pileus smooth, hygrophanous, dark, watery-cinnamon when moist, paler when dry; lamelle close, thin, concolorous, when young concealed by the copious white webby veil; stem equal, silky-fibrillose, hollow or with a whitish pith, subanuulate, with a dense white mycelium at the base; spores .00028 x .0002 in. Plant subceespitose, 1—2' high, pileus 8’-12” broad, stem 1” thick. Rotten wood. Catskill mountains. June. _ Cortinarius Ttorvus /7?. Ground in woods. Maryland and Worcester. July. Cortinarius (TELAMONIA) NIGRELLUS Pech. Pileus at first conical, then convex or expanded, obtuse or sub- umbonate, minutely silky, hygrophanous, blackish-chestnut when moist, paler when dry; lamelle close, narrow, emarginate, brown- _ish-ochre, then cinnamon; stem subequal, silky-fibrillose, pallid, often flexuous ; annulus slight, evanescent ; spores .00028 x .00016 in. : Plant 2~3' high, pileus 1—2' broad, stem 2’—3” thick. Mossy ground in woods. New Scotland. October. When moist the pileus-has the color of boiled chestnuts, when dry, of fresh ones. The incurved margin of the young pileus is whitened by the veil. The lamellz are darkest when young. The taste is unpleasant, resembling that of Ag. melleus. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 463 Cortinarius (HycrocyBE) puLcHER Peck. Pileus conical, then broadly convex, umbonate, often irregular, hygrophanous, ochraceous, shining and sometimes striatulate, when moist, pale-ochraceous when dry ; lamellee subdistant, broad, emarginate, uneven on the edge, ochraceous; stem equal, solid, subflexuous, silky-fibrillose, whitish or pale ochraceous; spores .00038 x .0002 in. Plant gregarious, 2’ high, pileus 1’+1.5’ broad, stem 1-2” thick. Ground in wood. New Scotland. October. LEPISTA CINERASCENS (vl. Ground in pine woods. Croghan. September. Our specimens were scarcely mature and the margin of the pileus shows no striations and therefore they are referred to this species with some hesitation. Paxintius strigosus Peck. Pileus convex, or expanded, dry, brittle, strigose with scattered stiff hairs, whitish; lamelle close, narrow, subdecurrent, whitish, then pale cinnamon color, some of them forked; stem equal, solid, pruinose, concolorous; spores brownish-ochre, subglobose, .00018 in. in diameter. Plant 2’ high, pileus 1’-1.5’ broad, stem 1°-1.5” thick. Ground among fallen leaves in woods. Croghan. September. The young plant might readily be taken for a species of Clito- cybe. It is at best an aberrant species, midway between Lepista and Paxillus, differing from the former in its highly colored spores and from the latter in its distinct, not anastomosing, lamelle. Owing to the very brittle character of the pileus the lamelle are not easily separated from it. The hairs of the pileus are either erect or appressed. HyGroPHORUS PURUS %. Sp. Pure white and very fragile; pileus at first conical, then expanded and cupulate from the recurving of the thin margin, very viscid, often irregular; lamelle subdistant, broad, ventricose, emarginate, with a slight decurrent tooth ; stem smooth, subflexu- ous, hollow, very viscid; spores .0003 x .0002 in. Plant 3-6’ high, pileus 1-2’ broad, stem 2’—8” thick. Ground in open woods. Croghan. September. It is related to H. ceraceus, but besides its different color it is much more fragile. 64 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Hyegrornorvus EsurNEvs Pull. Ground in open woods. Bethlehem and North Greenbush. . October. The whole plant is pure white when fresh, but in drying the lamelle assume a cinnamon-brown hue. Hycropnortus cossus /7. Ground in open woods. North Greenbush and New Scotland. October. The disk of the pileus is tinged with red or brown and the lamelle retain their white color in the dried state. HycRopHorvs VIRGATULUS 7. Sp. Pileus convex or expanded, viscid when moist, minutely virgate with innate blackish fibrils, whitish with a brownish disk; lamelle distant, arcuate-decurrent, white; stem solid, viscid, equal or tapering downwards, with a few small white floccose scales at the top. Plant subcespitose, 2-4 high, pileus 1-2’ broad, stem 2’-3” thick. Ground in open woods. North Greenbush. October. The lamelle change color in drying as in 1. ebwrneus. HyGRoPHoRUS BOREALIS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, convex or expanded, smooth, moist, white, some- timesstriatulate; lamelle arcuate-decurrent, distant, white; stem smooth, equal or tapering downwards, stuffed, white. Plant 2’ high, pileus 8’-12” broad, stem 1” thick. Ground in woods. Croghan and Copake. September and October. The species is related to H. nwveus but the pileus is not viscid. Lactarius rEGALIS Peck. Pileus convex, deeply depressed in the center, viscid when moist, often corrugated on the margin, white tinged with yellow; lamel- le close, decurrent, whitish, some of them forked at the base; stem stout, short, equal, hollow, smooth ; taste acrid; milk sparse, white, quickly changing to sulphur-yellow; spores .0008 in. Plant 4-6’ high, pileus 4-6’ broad, stem 1’ thick. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. This interesting plant rivals Z. piperatus in size and closely resembles it in general appearance; but the viscid pileus and sparse milk quickly changing to yellow, as in L. chrysorrheus, clearly distinguish it. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 65 Lacrarius Grrarpi Peck. Pileus expanded or centrally depressed, dry, rugose-wrinkled, often with a minute umbo or papilla, sooty-brown, the thin spread- ing margin sometimes wavy or irregular ; lamellz broad, distant, decurrent, white, the interspaces uneven; stem equal, solid, colored like the pileus; flesh and spores white; taste mild; milk white, unchangeable. Plant 3-5 high, pileus 2-4’ broad, stem 4’—6" thick. Ground in woods and groves. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Albany and Croghan. September. In the color of the pileus and stem this species is like the large form of LZ. fuliginosus, but its real relationship is with Z. distans, from which it is separated by its color and its longer equal stem, characters which may prove to be only varietal. Russua sorpipa Peck. Pileus firm, convex, centrally depressed, dry, sordid white, sometimes clouded with brown; lamelle close, white, some of them forked; stem equal, solid, concolorous; spores globose, .0003 in.; taste acrid; flesh changing color when wounded, becoming black or bluish-black. Plant 4—5’ high, pilens 35’ broad, stem 6’~12” thick. Ground under hemlock trees. Worcester. July. It resembles Z. piperatus in general appearance. The whole plant turns black in drying. RvussvuLA CONSOBRINA /7, Ground in open woods. Davenport, Delaware county. Wor- cester. Our specimens are very variable in color, but the prevailing hues are green, olivaceous and purple. NyYcTALIS ASTEROPHORA /7, Decaying fungi. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Mr. G. remarks that thus far this plant has appeared each alternate season. Marasmivs Viticota B. & C. Fallen branches. Worcester. July. This plant is not limited to grape vines in its habitat. ‘ Marasmivus casprrosus Peck. Pileus fleshy, convex, even, brown with a lilac tint, the thin margin exceeding the lamellee ; lamellee close, free, somewhat united with each other at the stem, narrowed outwardly, white; stem 5 66 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. subequal, sometimes compressed at the top, stuffed or hollow; pruinose. Plant cespitose, 1-2’ high, pileus 6-10” broad. On a birch stump in woods. Richmondville, Schoharie county. June. Sometimes the pileus is irregular and the stem eccentric. Marasmius tonerprs Peck. Pileus thin, convex, smooth, finely striate on the margin, tawny- red; lamelle not crowded, attached, white; stem tall, straight, equal, hollow, pruinose-tomentose, radicating, brown or fawn color, white at the top. Plant 2-5’ high, pileus 4’-6” broad, stem .5” thick. Among fallen leaves in woods. Savannah and Bethlehem. August and October. The tall, straight, slender stem is the characteristic feature of this plant. Marasmivs @LaBELLus Peck. Pileus membranaceous, convex, then expanded, distantly striate, often uneven on the disk, dingy ochraceous; lamellee broad, dis- tant, unequal, free, ventricose, whitish, the upper margin and the interspaces venose ; stem corneous, equal, smooth, hollow, shining, reddish-brown or chestnut, whitish at the top, mycelio-thickened at the base. Plant 1—2' high, pileus 6’-10” broad, stem .5” thick. Fallen leaves in woods. Worcester and Croghan. July and September. The color of the pileus approaches that of JZ. campanulatus, but it is generally paler and tinged with brown. MaRrasMIUs sTRAMINIPES Pech. Pileus membranaceous, hemispherical or convex, smooth, striate, whitish ; Jamelle distant, unequal, attached, white; stem corneous, smooth, shining, filiform, inserted, pale straw color. Plant 1-2’ high, pileus 1’—3” broad. Fallen leaves of pitch pine, Pinus rigida. Center. October. The pale yellow stem becomes pallid in the dry state and is sometimes tinged with brown at the base. Panus striaosus B. & C. Decaying wood of deciduous trees. Croghan. September. It is remarkable for its large size and the dense hairy covering of the pileus and stem. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 67 Lenzires viauis Peck. Pileus coriaceous, sessile, dimidiate or elongated, sometimes confluent, obscurely zoned, subtomentose, brown or grayish-brown, the margin cinereous; lamelle thin, abundantly anastomosing, pallid, cinereous-pruinose on the edge when fresh. Pileus 6’-12” broad. ; Old railroad ties. North Greenbush and Center. October. This is not as bright colored as L. sepiaria, nor so distinctly zoned ; the lamelle are closer, thinner and more anastomosing, forming pores toward the outer margin almost as in the genus Polyporus. Bouetus PrreRATus Aull. Ground in open woods. Lowville and Bethlehem. September and October. BoLeEtTus CHRYSENTERON /7. Ground in open woods. Worcester and Memphis. July and August. Botertus patiipus Fost. Pileus soft, viscid when moist, smooth, pale alutaceons ;_ tubes plane, attached, sometimes slightly depressed around the stem, small, subangular, pale yellow, slightly changing color when wounded; stem subequal, smooth, solid, pallid; spores .00045 x .00022 in. Plant 2-5’ high, pileus 24’ broad, stem 4-6” thick. Ground in woods. North Greenbush. August. It is allied to B. seaber, from which its plane yellowish tubes and smooth stem will separate it. Borrrus ampirporus Peck. Pileus broadly convex or expanded, sometimes slightly umbo- nate, dry, squamulose-tomentose, pinkish-brown ; tubes convex, attached or slightly decurrent, very large, angular, compound, yel- low; stem equal, solid, yellowish-brown, paler at the top and marked by the decurrent walls of the tubes; flesh whitish tinged with yellow, unchangeable ; spores pale ochraceous with a greenish tinge, .00035 x .00016 in. Plant 3-5’ high, pileus 3-4’ broad, stem 3’—6” thick, Low mossy ground in woods. North Elba and Sandlake. August and September. Formerly I erroneously referred this plant to B. subtomento- 68 TWENTY-SIXTH REPOR1 ON THE STATE MUSEOM. sus, from which it differs in its more tomentose pileus, larger tubes, smaller spores and smoother stem. Potyprorts c#RULEoPORtS Peck. Pileus fleshy, broadly convex, subtomentose, moist or hygro- phanous, brown; pores short, angular, decurrent, grayish-blue ; stem central or eccentric, solid, colored like the pilens, sometimes tinged with the color of the pores; flesh white. Plant gregarious or subceespitose, 2’ high, pileus 12’ broad, stem 2”—3" thick. Moist shaded banks. Copake. October. The peculiar color of the pores is a characteristic feature in this species. It and the three following species belong to the section Mesopus. Potyrorus eriseus Peck. Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, often irregular, smooth or with a minute appressed silkiness, dry, gray; pores small, short, unequal, somewhat angular, pallid, the mouths white; stem cen- tral, thick, short, concolorons ; flesh pinkish-gray. , Plant 2’-3’ high, pileus 3’—5’ broad, stem 6-10” thick. Shaded banks, Copake. October. The pores are sometimes decurrent and the walls or dissepiments are thickened on the edge. Potyporus FLAvipus Peck. Pileus fleshy, tough, depressed or funnel-form, smooth, rarely a little villous on the disk, zonate, yellow with darker bands, the margin sometimes lobed and wavy; pores short, minute, angular, yellow ; stem central, solid, slightly tapering downwards, smooth, subconcolorous. Plant 3’-5’ high, pileus 2-4’ broad, stem 3’’-4” thick. Ground in woods. Worcester. July. Potyporus sPLENDENS Peck. Pileus thin, coriaceous, expanded, subumbilicate, slightly zonate, silky, with close radiating fibers, shining, dark -ferruginous when moist, tawny ferruginous when dry, the margin deeply fimbriate ; pores small, angular, short; subconcolorous; stem slender, equal, tomentose, concolorous. Plant 1’ high, pileus 6’—10" broad, stem .5’-1” thick. Much decayed stumps. Center. August. This is smaller, thinner, brighter colored and more shining than Reporv oF THE BoTaNIST. 69 P. perennis to which it is related. The pores are not at all decur- rent and the pileus is nearly horizontal. The umbilicus, when present, is very small. Potyporus Humiuis Peck. Pileus soft, smooth, spathulate, suborbicular or reniform, white ; pores small, subrotund, white; stem lateral, thick, rather long, externally soft and elastic, within firm, whitish, sometimes becom- ing brown. Plant 1-2’ high, pileus 8’-12" broad, stem 2-3" thick. Haif buried sticks and branches in open woods. Sterling. Angust. The thick stem, with its soft spongy external coating and hard rigid center, is a peculiar character. Potyporvs ruieipius Berk. Old logs and stumps in woods. Sterling. August. Without an examination of the hymenium, this might easily be taken tor Panus stipticus. PoLyPoRUS MACULATUS 7”. Sp. Pileus of a cheesy consistence, broad, flattened, sometimes con- fluent, sessile or narrowed into a short stem, slightly uneven, white or yellowish-white, marked with darker zones and watery spots; pores minute, subangular, short, whitish, sometimes tinged with brown; flesh white. Pileus 4'—6’ broad, 6’—8” thick. Prostrate trunks of trees in woods. Worcester. July. In texture and shape this species is related to P. sulphureus, but the pores are smaller than in that species. The plants are sometimes czespitose, sometimes single. The spots in the dried specimens have a smooth depressed appearance. PoLyPorvs AURANTIACUS 7. Sp. Pileus soft, thin, sessile, dimidiate, sometimes confluent, fibrous- tomentose, obscurely zoned, orange color; pores small, angular, acute, unequal, at length lacerated, pallid inclining to orange; flesh tinged with orange, obscurely zoned. Pileus 1’-2’ broad, pores about 1”’ long. Old logs in woods. Richmondville. July. Related to P. biformis. PoLyports CONCHIFER Schw. Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. Lowyville. 70 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Potyporvus Frerrueinosus 7. Prostrate trunks of trees. Niagara Falls. Clinton. Sterling. August. It sometimes spreads to the extent of several feet. Poryporvs viotaceus 7. Prostrate trunks of spruce trees, Abies nigra. Croghan. Sep- tember. Our specimens are somewhat doubtfully referred to this species. They are not at all violet, but dark red or liver color. This in old specimens changes to a tawny or cinnamon hue and the dissepi- ments become thin. The plant has a white byssoid margin. PoLyPoruUs SANGUINOLENTUS /7. Rotten logs in woods. Savannah and Croghan. August and September. Potyporus Gorpontensis B. & Br. Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. Potyprorus Armentacus Berk. Old railroad ties. North Greenbush. October. Poryporus atrenvatus Peck. Resupinate, effused, very thin, separable from the matrix, pink- ish-ochre, the margin whitish; pores minute, subrotund, with thin acute dissepiments. Prostrate trunks of deciduous trees. Croghan. September. The pores are scarcely visible to the naked eye. Cyctomycrs Greentt Berk. Mossy bank by the side of an old wood road. Sterling. Augnst. A single specimen. In our plant the pileus is top-shaped or obconi¢ and not at all undulated lobed or zoned, but we hesitate to characterize a new species on the single specimen found and therefore refer it provi- sionally as above. HexaGona CARBONARIA B. & C. Decaying wood. Portage. Clinton. Worcester. July and October. Not without doubt are our specimens referred to this species. Although agreeing in color with authenticated specimens received from Dr. Curtis, the pores are larger and the plant is not always resupinate. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 71 HypNUM CONFLUENS %. sp. Pileus thin, tough, expanded or slightly depressed, sometimes confluent, zonate, slightly fibrous-tomentose, hygrophanous, dark brown when moist, drab brown when dry; spines slender, 1’’-2” long, grayish-violet; stem short, surrounded below by a dense mycelioid tomentum spores subglobose, .00012 in. in diameter. Plant 2’-3' high, pileus 2’-3’ broad. Hypnum suLPHUREUM Schw. Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. ’ HypnuM FERRUGINOSUM /7. Half buried sticks and stems of herbs. Center. October. SISTOTREMA CONFLUENS 7s. Shaded banks. Copake. October. In our specimens the pilens is not at all villous, but I am dis- posed to regard our plant as nothing more than a smooth variety. It is scarcely to be expected that a rigid agreement should always be found to exist between our fungoid) plants, modified as they often are by local causes, and the brief descriptions too often drawn up from dried specimens only or from these and the few hasty notes of collectors. The describer, especially of our fleshy species, ought also to be the collector and the observer of them in their native haunts. GRANDINIA cornrARIA Peck. Effused, membranaceous-tomentose, separable from the matrix, “under side and margin tawny-yellow, upper side and minute crowded granules greenish or dingy olivaceous; spores globose, rough, .0003 in. in diameter. Forming patches 1’-3’ in diameter on old scraps of leather in damp places. Greenbush. August. It is a very distinct but apparently a very rare species. TueLerHora Witxeyi Clinton. Pileus infundibuliform, thin, smooth, obscurely zoned, white, the margin entire or laciniately toothed and lobed; hymenium smooth, concolorous; stem central, equal or slightly tapering downwards, solid, white. Plant 1’-1.5’ high, pileus 6-12” broad, stem .5’"-1”’ thick. Ground in woods. Buffalo. Clinton. Lowville. September. Sometimes the pileus is split on one side down to the stem. The species is dedieated to Mr. H. Willey, a most active and enthusiastic lichenist. é 42 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. SrrereuM TENERRIMUM B. & PR. Mossy ground. Indian Lake and Croghan. September and October. I have seen no description of this species, and depend, for the correctness of the determination, upon a comparison of our speci- mens with authenticated ones received from the late Dr. Curtis. SrrreuM RApiATUM Peck. Rusupinate or slightly reflexed, suborbicular or effused, blackish- brown; hymenium uneven, marked with thick corrugations or ridges radiating from the center, cinnamon color. Old hemlock logs. Catskill mountains. June. Corticium LEucoruRix Lb. & C. Under surface of pine chips. Bethlehem. October. Cortictum Bicotor Peck. Thin, membranaceous, flaccid, smooth, separable from matrix, under surface greenish-yellow, upper surface white. Rotten wood. Center. October. CLAVARIA FistuLosa J. Catskill mountains. October. A single specimen. TREMELLA FRONDOSA 7. Old stumps. Buffalo. Clinton. Savannah. August. Exopastpium AzALE& Peck. the Gall subglobose, often lobed or irregular, succulent, fleshy, solid, smooth, pale green or glaucous, becoming pruinose ; spores oblong, straight or curved, obscurely uniseptate, white, .0006— .0008 in. long. Terminal on living branches of the pinxter plant, Azalea nudi- flora, transforming the flower buds. North Greenbush and New Scotland. May and June. These fungus galls are usually from one to two inches in diame- ter and appear cotemporaneously with the blossoms of the shrub they inhabit. They are known in some localities by the name “May apples” and not being unpleasant to the taste they are sometimes eaten by voracious school boys. Upon attaining their full size they soon become dusted by the white spores which are borne upon the apices of minute filaments projecting slightly from the whole surface of the gall. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 73 - Exosastp1um Anpromep# Peck. Gall usually flattened or somewhat cup-shaped, more or less lobed, hollow, the cavity containing shreds of loose soft cottony filaments, smooth, pale green or green varied with red, paler and pruinose with age; spores narrow, oblong, simple, often curved near one end, white, .0007-.0009 in. long. Lateral or rarely terminal on living branches of Andromeda ligustrina, transforming the leaf buds. Center. May and June. _, Sometimes the dried blackened galls of the preceding year are round adhering to the branches in company with the new crop. The loose shreddy substance contained in the cavity of the gall is found by microscopic examination to be composed entirely of coarse irregular jointed filaments. Smaller but similar galls have been seen on a species of Vacci- nium at Center and one has been received from Florida, but I have not yet fully determined the characters of these. Hxobasv- dium Vaccinti Woronin, occurs in Europe on Vaccinium Vitis- Idea. It is perhaps worthy of remark that thus far these peculiar fungus galls have been observed on Ericaceous plants only. AfTHALiuM Frrrincota Schw. Iron rails of railroads. Worcester and Schenevus. July. GrasteR Bryantu Lerk. Ground. Schoharie. LycoPERDON PEDICELLATUM Peck, Subpyriform, whitish, the outer peridium persistent, forming dense angular spinose processes which are smaller toward the base of the plant ; capillitium and spores greenish ochre or dingy oliva- ceous, the latter pedicellate, smooth, .00016-.00018 in. in diame- ter, the pedicel three to five times as long. Plant about one inch in diameter. Ground and rotten wood. Croghan and Center. September and October. . In shape this plant resembles the ordinary form of L. pyriforme, but the outer peridium is more coarse and shaggy than in that species. LycoPERDON SEPARANS 1%. Sp. Subglobose, sessile, white, the outer peridium forming dense pyramidal substellate warts which easily separate from the mem- branaceous inner one; capillitium and spores dingy olivaceous, the latter globose, smooth, .00016 in. in diameter. Ground in pastures and grassy places. Worcester. July. 74 TwENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Spumaria aba DC. Incrusting sticks and twigs near the ground. Croghan. Sep- tember. Dmerma crustaceum Peck. Effused or circumambient, crowded, sessile, subglobose, smooth, white, outer peridium crustaceous, like the shell of some small egg, the inner delicate, appearing cinereous to the naked eye, iridescent under the microscope ; columella none; spores globose, black, .0005 in. in diameter. Fallen sticks and leaves under arbor-vite. Memphis. August. Diperma Marta-Wrirsont Clinton. Scattered or crowded, sessile, subglobose, smooth, white or pink- . ish-white, outer peridium crustaceous, like the shell of some small egg, within at the base brownish-pink, inner peridium delicate; . columella subglobose, rugulose, slightly colored; spores globose, blackish-brown ; .0004 in. in diameter. Fallen leaves, sticks, moss, ete. Buffalo. Clinton. Memphis, Center and Sandlake. August and October. DipERMA FARINACEUM Peck. Effused or circumambient, crowded, sessile, subglobose, plum- beons when moist, becoming white rugulose and farinaceous when dry ; spores globose, brown, black in the mass, .0004 in. in diameter. Creeping over mosses and investing fern stems in low woods. Croghan. September. The moisture from the fresh plant stains white paper lead color. Dipymium connatum Peck. Peridium depressed or subglobose, cinereous, furfuraceous, stipi- tate; stems mostly connate at the base, tapering upward, longitu- dinally wrinkled, whitish or cream color ; spores subglobose, black, .0004 in. in diameter. Decaying fungi. Portville. September. The subfasciculate mode of growth is characteristic of this species. DipyMIuM FURFURACEUM /7. Rotten wood. Worcester. July. After the breaking up of the peridium, minute portions of it are seen adhering to the flocci. The spores are globose, smooth, .00083 in. in diameter. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 75 . Drpymium FARINACEUM /?. Fallen pine leaves. Center. October. Also on mosses. North Elba. August. PHYsARUM PULCHERRIPES Peck. Peridium globose, variable in color, ochraceous, gray, brown or black ; stem slender, equal or slightly tapering upward, vermilion ; spores globose, brown, .00083 in. in diameter. Rotten wood. Richmondville and Worcester. July. The bright color of the stem is quite conspicuous notwithstand- ing the small size of the plant. Puysarum caspitosum Peck. Peridia aggregated in tufts or clusters, crowded, sessile, smooth, brown or blackish-brown; spores dingy ochre, smooth, globose, .00025 in. in diameter. Rotten wood. Greenbush. August. ANGIoRIDIUM sINUOsUM (rev. Dead stems of herbs and grass. Center. October. CRATERIUM LEUCOCEPHALUM Ditm. Fallen leaves. Croghan and North Elba. August and Sep- tember. Cratertum opovatum Peck. : Peridium obovate, rugose-wrinkled, glabrous, lilac-brown ; flocei whitish ; stem colored like the peridium ; spores smooth, globose, black, .0005-.0006 in. in diameter. Rotten wood bark and fallen leaves. Center, Sandlake and Croghan. August and September. The peridium varies in shape from subglobose to oblong pyri- form, but the prevailing form is obovate. The operculum is not distinctly shown, the peridium often appearing to be irregularly ruptured at the apex, so that possibly the species may have to be referred to Physarum. Sremonitis HERBATICA Peck. Densely fasciculate; capillitium slender, cylindrical, brown when moist, ferruginous-brown when dry; stem black, arising from a‘membranaceous hypothallus, penetrating to the apex of the capillitium ; spores globose, .0003-.000385 in. in diameter. Plant 2’’-8” high, growing on living leaves of grass and herbs. Albany. June. 76 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. The color of this plant is almost the same as in S. ferruginea but the spores are much larger, surpassing even those of S. fusca. The habitat is peculiar. AROYRIA NuUTANS F7. Rotten wood. Richmondville. July. TricuiA RENIFomIs Peck. Peridia gregarious or clustered, sessile, subglobose or reniform, small, brown ; flocei few, short, sparingly branched ; spores glo- bose, minutely echinulate, yellow-ochre, sometimes tinged with green, .0005 in. in diameter. Dead bark of striped maple, Acer Pennsylvanicum. Portville. September. Licra cytinprica F?, Rotten wood. Worcester and Croghan. July and September. PrricH NA FLAVIDA Peck. Yellow throughout ; peridia crowded, clustered, sessile, varia- ble in size and shape, shining; flocci few, short, subnodulose, obtuse, sparingly branched; spores globose, echinulate, .00045 in. in diameter. Mosses. Sandlake. August. The mature peridia are sometimes wrinkled at the top. The bright golden yellow color renders the clusters conspicuous. PxHomMA BRuNNEOTINGCTUM B. & C. Inside of chestnut burrs. Buffalo. Clinton. SPH#ZRONEMA Macnoria n. sp. Perithecia scattered, erumpent, black, with a long firm spine-like ostiolum a line or more in length ; spores broadly elliptical or sub- globose, often with a single nucleus, colored when mature, .0004 in. long. Dead branches of the cucumber tree, Magnolia acuminata. Portville. September. It has almost exactly the size and appearance of S. spine but the spores constitute a distinguishing character. Direpopia vuiearis Lev. Dead branches of locust trees. Buffalo. Clinton. REPORT oF THE BO7ANIST. 77 Exciputa EquiseEtI n. sp. Perithecia minute, scattered, flattened, black, furnished with a few long straight black bristles ; spores straight, nearly cylindrical, colorless, .00035-.0004 in. long. Dead stems of Equisetum. Buffalo. Clinton. Drxyemasporum AcEertnuM Peck. Perithecia small, pezizeid, black, hispid with short straight scat- tered black hairs; spores unequally elliptical, .0003 in. long, the bristle at each end scarcely one-third the length of the spore. Dry maple wood. Buffalo. Clinton. April. In D. FRobinie the spores are shorter and the bristles longer than in this species. Prstratozzia Przizorwrs De Vot. Bark of dead grape-vines. Fort Edward. Howe. North Green- bush. October. Bacrripium FLAvuM AZe. Rotten wood. Buffalo. Clinton. Savannah and Croghan. August and September. Poccinta Losetiz Gerard. Sori minute scattered or confluent, tawny-brown, spores oblong- elliptical, slightly constricted at the septum and easily separating into two parts, pale, .0013-.0016 in. long ; pedicel short or obsolete. Lower surface of leaves of Lobelia syphilitica. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. The tragile spores are peculiar. Poccrn1a curtipes Howe. Leaves of Saxifraga Pennsylvanica. Yonkers. Howe. Uromyces pyrirormis Cooke. Leaves of sweet flag, Acorus Calamus. New Baltimore. Howe. Watkins and Montezuma marshes. September. , Uromycrs Spareant C. & P. Sori minute, oblong, crowded, black, spores pyriform or oblong- pyriform, about .001 in. long; pedicel colored, shorter than or equal to the spore in length. Both sides of leaves of Sparganium. Buffalo. Clinton. Mon- tezuma marshes. September. New Baltimore. Howe. 78 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Urepo CaryoPHYLLAcEARuM Johnst. Leaves of Cerastium. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Aicipium Lysmacni# Lk. . Leaves of Lysimachia quadrifolia. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. ALcipium ALBUM Clinton. Spots none; peridia scattered, short, white, the margin suben- tire ; spores subglobose, white, about .0008 in. in diameter. Lower surface of leaves of Vicia Americana. Buffalo. Clin- ton. Xcwium Lyoori Gerard. Spots yellow ; subiculum more or less thickened ; peridia short, scattered or crowded, margin crenate; spores pale yellow. Leaves, stems and petioles of Lycopus Huropeus. Poughkeep- sie. Gerard. Buffalo. Clinton. New Paltz. June. It appears to be closely related to 4’. Compositarum. AXcrwium Uvorarre Schw. Leaves of Uvularia sessilifolium. New Lots, L. 1. Merriam. . AXciwium Hyrpropayiu, Peck. Spots small, few, yellow with a pale greenish border; subiculum thickened, whitish; peridia few, generally crowded, short, the margin subcrenate; spores bright yellow or orange; spermogonia central, on the opposite side. Lower surface of leaves of Hydrophyllum Canadense. Catskill mountains. June. CrRAtTIuM HypNorpES A. & S. Rotten wood in shaded places. Greenbush and Worcester. June and July. Crratium porroiwes A. & 8. Decaying prostrate trunks of trees. Richmondville. July. Srizpum RAMosum Peck. Head subglobose whitish or pale yellow; stem thick, smooth, branched, white above, pallid or brownish below, sometimes creeping and sending up branches at intervals; spores minute, oblong. Dead larve of insects buried in rotten wood. Sterling. Sep- tember. , REPOR1I OF THE BOTANIST. 79 Myrorsecitum Funeicoua 7 sp. Receptacle small, white-margined, the disk black or greenish- black ; spores oblong, about .0002 in. long. Decaying fungi. North Greenbush. Heuicoma Muuuerti Cd. Dead bark of poplar branches. North Greenbush. October. The flocci vary somewhat from. those of the European plant. AsPERGILLUs GLaucus Lk. Vegetable substances in damp places. Albany. ASPERGILLUS FuLIgINosus Peck. Creeping flocci white, septate, fertile flocci erect, not septate, crowned with a globose head which is rough with projecting pro- cesses ; spores globose, sooty black, smooth, .00016 in. in diameter. Rice paste and other vegetable substances. Albany. Spores were taken from the paste and planted on apple, on which a new crop was raised. Poxyactis FascicuLaris Cd. Dead stems of Polygonum. Greenbush. May. PERENOSPORA PARASITICA Pers. Leaves of Cardamine rhomboidea. Buffalo. Clinton. O1pium MEGALosporuUM Bb. & C. Rotten wood. Buffalo. Clinton. This species is remarkable for its. very large globose spores. Orpium FuLvom Lk. | Rotten wood. Buffalo. Clinton. Savannah. August. Fusisportum RosEoLum Steph. Decaying potatoes. Sandlake. June. Priacre FaGIneEA L7. Old stumps and logs of beech. Maryland. July. Mucor InZQUALIs 71: sp. Fertile flocci simple or once or twice divided, white; sporangia globose, at first white, then bluish-black or brownish-black ; spores somewhat angular, subglobose, very unequal in size, .0002-.0005 in. in diameter. Decaying squashes. Albany. October. 80 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Unoinuna sprrauis B. & C. (U. Americana Howe.) Leaves of grape-vines. New Baltimore. owe. Buffalo. Clin- ton. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. The very long appendages distinguish this from U. Ampelopsidis. UncinvLa FLExuosA Pk, Leaves of horse chestnut, @sculus Hippocastanum. Buffalo. Clinton. The wavy-flexuous appendages are peculiar to this species, and with its more numerous spores separate it from UW. adunca to which it is sometimes referred. Unornvuna PARVULA C. & P. Leaves of the hackberry, Celtzs occidentalis. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. September. Microspu“ra Russert Clinton. Amphigenous ; mycelium arachnoid, evanescent; appendages 8-18, very long, flexuous, colored, paler toward the tips which are simple or one to three times divided ; sporangia ovate, 4-8; spores 4, elliptical, .0007—.0008 in. long. Leaves and petioles of the yellow wood sorrel, Owalis stricta. Buffalo. Clinton. North Greenbush. October. The scanty mycelium and colored appendages separate this species from JZ. holosericea. MicrospHa#ra Dupsyi Lev. Leaves of honeysuckle, Zonicera parviflora. Buffalo. Clinton. New Baltimore. Howe. Croghan. September. MicrosPHARA DENSISSIMA Schw. Fallen oak leaves. Saratoga. October. This is a very distinct species, forming definite orbicular patches of dense white filaments. Erysreue Evpnorsra Peck. Mycelium thin ; conceptacles small, .0035 in. in diameter ; appen- dages few, long, flexuous, colored; sporangia broadly ovate, 3-4; spores 3-4, large, .001 x .00065 in. Leaves of Huphorbia hypericifolia. Greenbush. October. The mycelium occurs on both sides of the leaf, but conceptacles were observed on the lower surface only. Pxz1zA HESPERIDEA C. &: P. Among fallen leaves. Goat Island, where it was first found. Clinton. Savannah, August. REPORT oF THE BOTANIST. SL PEZzIZA UNICISA 2. sp Cup large, thin, split on one side to the base, sessile or with a short stem, externally rugulose, minutely pulverulent under a lens, yellow, within pale yellow slightly tinged with pink; spores elliptical, usually containing two nuclei, .0005—.0006 in. long. Ground in woods. Croghan. September. The cups are about two inches broad. The species is related to P. onotica. Prziza vioLacEA Pers. Burnt ground in woods. Worcester. July. Peziza supocHRaAckA C. & P, Dead stems of Rubus odoratus. Adirondack mountains. July. Prziza Lacerata C. & P. Dead stems of Hubus odoratus. Adirondack mountains. July. Prziza vinora C. & P. Decaying wood. Sandlake. October. Perziza crocitincta B. & C. Decaying wood. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. North Greenbush. October. This seems to be the same as P. Chlora Schw. | PezizA Drennu Rabh. Leaves and stems of living Potentilla argentea. Bethlehem. June. PEzIzZA PULVERULENTA}Libert. Fallen leaves of pine trees. New Scotland. June. Prziza assmiuis C. & P. Dead stems of Aster puniceus. West Albany. May. PxEzIzA THELEBOLOIDES A. & V. Spent hops. Buffalo. Clinton. Peziza atBumina C. & P. Cups soft, orbicular or contorted, soon becoming nearly plane, whitish, then pallid, depressed in the center when dry, margin elevated ; stem very short, rather thick, concolorous; asci cylin- drical ; spores sausage shaped, .0003 in. long. 6 8? TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Decorticated sticks. North Greenbush. October. It resembles, in color and texture, fragmeuts of the albumen of a cocoa nut. The cups are cracked and fissured in drying. In its soft substance it approaches the section JMollisia. ' Pxeziza corrucata C. & P. Subgregarious; cups subglobose, then expanded and ‘nearly plane, black, the margin elevated; hymenium corrugated, ele- vated in the center when dry, attached to the matrix by delicate radiating fibrils; asci subclavate; spores narrowly fusiform, two to three nucleate, .0006—.0008 in. long. Decaying wood. North Greenbush. November. It is allied to P. compressa. The spores probably become tri- septate. PxEzizA CHRYSOPLITHALMA Gerard. Damp earth among mosses. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. HELOTIUM RUGIPES 7. sp. Cups concave, then expanded, sometimes with a small dimple or umbilicus in the center, externally brown, yellowish in the dried state; disk greenish-brown, sometimes yellowish; stem short, tapering downwards, rugose-lacunose, the wrinkles extending upwards on the cup; asci slender, cylindrical; spores uniseriate, uniseptate, elliptical, .0003 x .00015 in. . Rotten wood. Worcester. July. The cups are 2’’-4” broad. In the dried specimens before me the hymenium has retained its greenish-brown hue. ' HELOTIUM THUJINUM 72. Sp. . Cup smooth, subsessile, concave or nearly plane, orange, exter- nally a little paler ; spores globose, .0003 in. in diameter. Fallen branchlets of arbor vite, Zhwja occidentalis. Lowville. September. HELOTIUM MACROSPORUM 7. Sp. - Cups at first nearly closed, then expanded and slightly concave, whitish, externally furfuraceous; stem short, rather thick; spores oblong, containing a single large nucleus, .001—.0012 in. long. Decaying wood of beech trees. Worcester. July. The plant changes to a light brown in drying. The long spores suggest the specific name. REPORT oF THE BOTANIST. 83 Hevorium eracite C. & P. Ochraceous ; cups plane, then convex, immarginate, rather thin, externally slightly paler ; stem slender, equal, brownish toward the base, about as long as the diameter of the cup; asci cylindrical ; spores cylindrical or subfusiform, obtuse at the extremities, two to three nucleate, .0007—.0008 in. long. Stems of herbs. Center. October. In size and habit it resembles P. cyathoidea, but the cups are never closed. ~ Hetotium Limontum C. & P. Lemon yellow, externally paler ; cups plane or slightly convex, immarginate, at first externally delicately farinaceous ; stem slender, equal, not longer than the diameter of the cup; asci cylindrical ; spores cylindrical, obtuse at each end, curved or straight, .0003 in. long. Stems of herbs. Center. October. ELAPHOMYCES GRANULATUS FA’. Under ground in pine woods. Maryland and Croghan. July and September. HysTrerIumM spHa@RIOIDES A. & SN. Leaves of Labrador tea, Ledum latifolium. Sandlake. HystrERIUM MACULARE L7. Leaves of leather leaf, Cassandra calyculata. Sandlake. August. Hysrerium typHintm £7, Dead leaves of Typha latifolia. Guilderland. May. Hysterium Exaripum OC. & P. Fallen leaves of sheep-laurel, Kalmia angustifolia. Sandlake. June. Hysrertum ancustatum A. & WS. Bark of deciduous trees. Sandlake. HysteRIUM MACROSPORUM 7. Sp. Perithecia longitudinally striate; spores crowded, oblong, colored, triseptate, .0016-.002 in. long. Decorticated pine wood. North Greenbush: November. 84 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. CoLPoMA JUNIPERINUM C. & P. Bark of juniper trees, Juniperus Virginiana. Buffalo. Clin- ton. Also on balsam trees. Adirondack mountains. Torrosia caprrata L7. Pine woods, growing from Llaphomyces granulatus. Maryland and Croghan. July and September. HypocrEa ALuUTAcEA £7. Fallen leaves in woods. Croghan. September. Hypocrea contorta Schw. Among mosses on decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. Hypomycets potyporinus Pech. Perithecia minute, ovate or subconical, seated on a ‘at subi- culum, smooth, yellowish or pale amber; asci narrow, linear ; spores fusiform, acuminate at each end, nucleate, .0006—.0007 in. long. On Polyporus versicolor. Richmondville, Worcester and Cro- ghan. July and September. It seems a little remarkable that this species not before observed, should be found in one season in three distinct localities. Hyromyces Van Brountianus Gerard. On Agaricus. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Necrria Rais Zode. Dead currant stems. Bethlehem and Greenbush. NEcrTRIA cCoccINEA /7. . Dead branches of water beech, Carpinus Americana. Green- bush. August. ; Necrria Cerastri Schw. Dead stems of Celastrus scandens. Greenbush. May. This is often accompanied by its Conidia, Zubercularia Celastra Schw. Necrria BALSAMEA C. & P. Bark of dead balsam trees, Adces balsamea. North Elba. August. Necrria Avocyni Peck. Conidia. Subhemispherical or irregular, small, pale red ; spores fusiform, straight, .0005-.0006 in. long. Repor?T or THE BoranIisv. 85 Ascophore. Ovzspitose or scattered, dull red; perithecia minute, pale ochraceous and subglobose when moist, dull red collapsed or laterally compressed and rough with minute whitish seales when dry ; ostiola minute ; spores biseriate, uniseptate, fusiform, usually constricted in the middle, nucleate, .00065-.0008 in. long. Lower part of dead stems of Indian Hemp, Apocynuwm cannabi- num. North Greenbush. October. NEcTRIA MYCETOPHILA 2. Sp. Perithecia crowded or scattered, minute, smooth, subglobose, pale yellow when young, then pinkish-ochre; ostiola minute, papillate, distinct, darker colored ; asci subclavate; spores oblong, simple, .0005 x .00016 in. Decaying fungi. New Scotland. October. XYLARIA GRANDIS 2. Sp. Large, blackish-brown, irregular, obtusely pointed and rusty- brown at the sterile tip, abruptly narrowed at the base; central sub- stance white; perithecia subglobose; spores subfusiform, pointed at each end, straight or slightly curved, .0008-.0009 in. long ; stem branched, radicating, often greatly elongated. Plant 3’—5’ high, heads 1.5’-3’ long, 8’’-12” thick. Ground. Portage. Clinton. The cee stem and pointed sterile apices of the clubs sepa- rate this from X. polymorpha which it also surpasses in size. The larger spores distinguish it from X. digetata. Xywaria Graminicota Gerard wm litt. Club slender, cylindrical, simple, at first greenish pulverulent, then blackish-brown, roughened by the prominent globose peri- thecia, tips sterile, acuminate; stem smooth, straight or flexuous, brown ; spores uniseriate, unequally ellipitical, .0004 x .0002 in. Plant about 2’ high, parasitic on the roots of languishing grasses. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. It is allied to X. Hypoxylon. Evrrpa Acuaru Zul. Decorticated poplar. Helderberg mountains. May. Diarryre PLatystoma Schw. Dead branches of maple trees. Tyre and Center. September. 86 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. DiarryPE BULLATA F7. Bark of dead saplings. Tyre. September. Diarryee Toccrmana De LVot. Dead hazel and alder branches. Center and Sandisk Octo- ber. DratryPE Moroes C. & P. Dead branches of alders. Sandlake. September. MELANCONIS sTILBostomMA 721. Dead trunks and branches of white birch, Betula populsfolia. Center. May. \ Vatsa sicincra C. & P. Dead branches of butternut, Juglans cinerea. Greenbush. May. VALSA CENTRIPETA /7. Dead alders. Buffalo. Clinton. Lopatum mytiuinum /7. Decaying wood. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Lopuiostoma MAGNaATUM C. & P. Decaying wood. Tyre. September. LopuiostoMa TuRRITUM C. & P. : Dead branches of willows. Sandlake. September. SpH#RIA CANESCENS Pe7's. -Rotten wood. Portville and Croghan. September. Spozria SARMENTORUM /7. Dead vines of moonseed, Menispermum Canadense. Pough- keepsie. Gerard. North Greenbush. November. SPH#RIA MACULZFORMIs Pers. Fallen leaves of basswood, Zilia Americana. Helderberg mountains. May. Spnoaria Srapuyiina Peck. Perithecia minute, black, covered by the epidermis which at length ruptures in a stellate manner or irregularly ; spores biseri- ReEpoRT oF THE BOTANIST. 87 ate, colorless, constricted in the middle, three to five septate, .0009-.001 in. long, the two parts formed by the central septum unequal in diameter. Dead twigs of Staphylea trifolia. Helderberg mountains. May. Spo#riA Desmopi Peck. Perithecia scattered or seriately placed, minute covered by the epidermis which is pierced by the acute or narrowly conical osti- olum, black; asci clavate; spores biseriate, fusiform, colorless, quadrinucleate, .00035—.0004 in. long. Dead stems of Desmodium. Garrisons. June. SpH#rIA viripicoma CO. & P. Dead branches of beech. Sandlake. October. Spua#ria MutTans C. & P. Decaying wood. Tyre. September. Spu@ria Semen OC. & P. , Fallen petioles of mountain ash, Pyrus Americana. Sandlake. September. Spo ria susconioa C. & P. Dead stems of herbs. Greig. September. SpH#mria FUSCELLA B. & Br. Dead stems of raspberry, Rubus strigosus. Greenbush. June. SpH@RIA RACEMULA C<. & P. Dead stems of willow herb, Epilobiwm angustifolium. Adiron- dack mountains. July. Massarta Boronia Tul. ’ Bark of white oak trees. Buffalo. Clinton. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Greenbush. May. The spores in our plant are a little smaller than in the European, being .0006—.0008 in. long. : NEW STATIONS OF RARE PLANTS, REMARKS AND OBSERVATIONS. Srsuvium PpentANDRUM LI. This plant, found by Mr. Merriam near East Hampton, L. f., and formerly considered a variety of S. Portulacastrum, is now believed to be distinct and our only northern species. 88 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Hipiscus Moscurutos Z. Montezuma marshes. It seems a little strange that this plant with its very large showy flowers should not be cultivated by florists and ornamental gardeners. Tim1A AMERICANA Var. PUBESCENS G7. Wading River, L. I. Miller. Dion La&vigatum DC. Manorville, L. I. filler. GaALAcTIA MoLLIs Jz. . Wading River. filler. Geum AaLtpum Gmelin. Greenfield, Westchester county. Howe. This is a variety with very small bright golden yellow petals. MyriopHyLLuM TENELLUM Bigel. Wading River. filler. MyrioPpHYLLUM AMBIGUUM Var. LimosuM G7. Wading River. Miller. AGNIDA CANNABINA ZL. Not uncommon in the valley of the Hudson river below Pough- keepsie. Howe. ; Typua LATIFoLIA ZL. The dried leaves of this species are sold foy thirty or forty dol- lars a ton at the markets near the Montezuma marshes, but the allied species, Typha angustifolia, is regarded as worthless, the leaves of it not being salable. NatAs masor AJ. Seneca river near Savannah. Pogonta PENDULA Lindl. Woods near Savannah. JUNCUS TRIFIDUS L. Shawangunk mountains, Ulster county. This rush has hereto- fore been found in the State on the high summits of the Adiron- dack mountains only. This new station is remarkable not only for being much further south, but also at a much less altitude than REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 89 are the Adirondack stations. Indeed inthe Ulster county locality, this plant with a northern range meets, on common ground, Asple- newm montanum, a fern with a southern range. Scirpus pEBiLtis Pwrsh. . Long pond near Wading River. Young. Scirpus MAaRitTimus L. Montezuma marshes. It occurs here in asmall form, about a foot high, with the heads all sessile and involucral leaves two, one sub- tending the cluster of spikes, the other appearing like a prolonga- tion of the stem. Scwrpus pungens growing by its side very much surpasses it in hight. Scirpus suBTERMINALIS Zorr. — Wading River. Miller. Awnpropogon Virarinicus ZL. Peconic river and Northville. Young. ASPIDIUM ACULEATUM var. Braunu Koch. Abundant in the “ Deep Notch ” between Shandaken and Lex- ington. Eighteen species of ferns were observed in this locality, all except three of which had previously been noticed in ‘ Stony Clove,” a locality similar to this and but a few miles south of it. The three species are Woodsia obtusa, Asplenium Trichomanes, and Osmunda cinnamomea. These two localities together pro- duce one-half the whole number of species of ferns that occur in the State. OsMUNDA CINNAMOMEA ZL. A form was found on Pine hill, Ulster county, having the fer- tile frond leafy above. Borrycuium simpLex Witch. Riverhead, L. I. filler. Fissipens GRANDIFRONS brid. Wet rocks. Chittenango Falls. Clinton. This at present is our most eastern known station of this interesting but sterile moss. Dipymopon turipus Hornsch. Wet rocks. Chittenango Falls. As at Niagara Falls we here find this rare moss associated with Pissidens grandifrons. De.esser1A Leprieuri ont. Hudson river at Yonkers. Howe. 90 TWENTY-SIXTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. AGARICUS GALERICULATUS Scop. Two well-marked varieties of this very variable species were observed the past season.. One grows on the ground among fallen leaves. It has a dark-brown pileus, close lamelle and a very long stem generally of a delicate pink color toward the top. It might be called var. ongipes. The other grows under pine trees, has a broadly convex or expanded grayish-brown pileus and a short stem. It might be called var. expansus. Agaricus Fisuta Bull. A form of a pale color with the center of the pileus and the upper part of the stem brown occurred on mossy logs in woods at Worcester and Croghan. July and September. AGARICUS GEOPHYLLUS Sow, The variety with the pileus of a beautiful lilac color oeeurs in Bethlehem. It is Ag. afinis Pers. and might appropriately be named var. lilacinus. . Marasmivs ve.tutipss B. & C. This with us is one of the most common species of the genus, occurring in all our woods and wooded swamps, but I have never been able to find it with an umbilicate pileus. Can it be that there are two forms, one northern with a convex pileus, the other southern with an umbilicate pileus? Or is our planta distinct species, yet so nearly related to J/. velutipes that the absence of an umbilicus is the only available mark of distinction ? Onur plant sometimes grows in lines or rows several feet in length. Bo.etvs pictus Pk. This plant was erroneously described in a former report as “‘viscid when moist.” Subsequent observations satisfy me that it is not viscid even in the moist state. Boletus Sprague: B. & C., since published, is a very closely related species, if indeed it be specifically distinct. Potyrorus BoucnEanus 7. The American plant commonly referred to this species is quite variable and has been a source of considerable perplexity. It has been ascribed by eminent mycologists to Polyporus, Favolus and Hexagona, and Fries in his Epicrisis places P. Loucheanus in the section Pleuropus, while Berkeley, in his Notices of N. A. Fungi, puts it in the section Mesopus, though he adds the remark that it is frequently pleuropous. J have seen very many American speci- mens of our so-called P. Boucheanus, yet in but a single instance have I seen it with a central stem. ‘There are three prominent points of disagreement between our plant and the description of P. Boucheanus in the Epicrisis. The stem does not become ReEeportT oF THE BO1ANIST. O1 brown at the base, “deorsum fuscescente,” although closely adher- ing bits of bark sometimes give it such an appearance, the pores are not of an orange color, “ dilute aurantiacis,” and the pileus is not smooth then scaly, “levi dein squamoso,” though it is either smooth or scaly. The pores are generally decurrent, yet this prominent character is not mentioned in the description of Fries. In view of these discrepancies it seems almost certain that our plant ought to be regarded as a distinct species, but, in view of its variable character, I hesitate to separate it as such until I shall have had the opportunity of comparing it with authenticated European specimens of P. Boucheanus. GyYMNOSPORANGIUM cLAvIPES C. & P. The protospores germinate at each end, the pedicel separating from. the base about the time the filament protrudes from the lower or basal cell of the protospore. In Podisoma Juniperi the pro- tospores germinate at the septum. Aiorium Cremaritis Schw. Leaves of Clematis Virginiana. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. In the preceding pages, when no name is added to the station or stations, the plant has been found therein by the writer. Dates sig- nify the time of collecting the specimens, and therefore indicate to some extent the time of the occurrence of the plant. The single and double accent marks placed at the right of figures denote respectively inches and tweltths of an inch. My warmest thanks are due to those Botanists who have kindly aided me by their generous contributions of specimens. Most respectfully submitted. CHAS. H. PECK. Arpany, Januury 3d, 1873. sabeasise aire Abia: Siheneuanett cinatoob Di ee. itt Prieatasigqa ATS sa ti, ae esy aeaonbiayisoed ‘ Ba saul igy gibt bya, ¥ ‘ALL 85 bility sso Logon Re tt am Mago! “DRO LIRE pital eae Ss (0%) ONE * hat wily VT, anerinigD VELA, 3 Sak mrLOAL!, ' ct eighe S rb tonite haeeh, ad) at boogitnent yt eh totiprady Mp: hha aint dues rei lt AEIAD tc, @ Si aeeth, Pe so hy ail Sway pi inet calkiys soleil hae, bottagsa oc of ee en Taste. . bedetas one a 4? 9 NE at tyfi uf tassel |” roland. fel Des aver vit 19 iti, ab Dhetaqtie ‘ts: (Ui THT GO ait bie ae i ie Mi 3 Bee 4 Pit b kes HK AAR Bh te a anes Cal tt : i ™t a yt ee) ug bs m Ayry LeuiGny. rein AR ; ne. 0 a ‘ ey ¢ TE tet Bbibor whe ie ies tots Pith (ey "boi te 504g % I I sO NTADS ont (Herel Bob D sTv'ict rontellt “ill qth aT dO: nand 4 \ ietey pt aS skies wy we yet vy Ls ne yp ATED vit Ab wy) i. iia : AUD alt be sy ae et , af Ps. ae | . SH, Pere. ayia GhayD aioe “maioaneey | svinseal ) te Gee } | = ' a Bhs sO.saiinta ott, od fabbe, Bt opti OM aoa sy Hit atti UE OI i eotnel oti odt vd ald fuirnat ifosk-omst trap Se GF useokbarh itt vs wi) bps aaoitereogitionialion Ny oti bh hits SIE | G2 0Q JQ 0g . 36. Kor. . 38. . 39. PLATE Il — (Continued ). VENTURIA CLINTONII Peck. Page 82. . Part of a leaf bearing the fungus. . A perithecium magnified. . An ascus containing spores x 400. . Spores x 400. VALSA OXYSPORA Peck, Page 73. 6. Piece of a branch bearing the fungus. . A pustule with its matrix magnified. . An ascus containing spores x 400. Spores x 400. SPH#RIA PHZOSTROMOIDES Peck. Page 77. . Piece of a branch ee the fungus. . Two perithecia magnified, one of them collapsed. . An ascus containing spores x 400. . Spores x 400. . Flocci of the subiculum x 400, one bearing a spore at the apex. . Spores or conidia of the subiculum x 400. SPH RIA MONOSPERMA Peck. Page 79. Piece of wood bearing the fungus. A perithecium with its matrix magnified. An ascus containing an immature spore x 400. An ascus containing a mature spore x 400. PLATE III. RECEPTACULITES SUBTURBINATUS Hall. Page Fig. 1. Lateral view of a specimen enlarged to two diameters. c=] Fig. 2. A further enlargement of the surface, showing the form of cells. Fig. 3. An enlarged summit view of another specimen. ASTYLOSPONGIA PR&ZMORSA Goldfuss. Page Figs. 4, 5. Lateral and summit views of a specimen of medium size. Fig. 6. View of the upper side of a more deeply lobed specimen. Figs. 7, 8. Upper and lateral views of a very perfectly formed specimen, en- larged two diameters. Figs. 9, 11. Vertical sections of two specimens showing structure, enlarged to two diameters. The dark spots in the center are filled with pyri- tous matter, and are not cavities. Fig. 10. Horizontal section of another specimen, enlarged two diameters. Figs. 12, 13. Lateral and summit views of a specimen, showing some difference from the usual form in the lobation of the surface. Fig. 14. A crushed and imperfect specimen, showing the radiating fibrous-like character of the substance (enlarged). ASTYLOSPONGIA ? (PALHOMANON) BURSA 1%. sp. Paget Figs. 15, 16. Lateral and profile views of a crushed specimen, showing the . characters of the species. This is the only individual found among large collections of specimens from this locality. Twenty NTH Reagents REP OR 7 ee ie ith) ew 29 Kighed. isons REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. f°" | /°” 7 ' S. B. Wootworru, LL. D., Secretary of the Board of Regents of the University : Srr. — Since the date of my last report, specimens of two hundred and twenty-five species of plants have been mounted and placed in the State Herbarium, of which two hundred and one were not before represented. A list of these is marked (1). Specimens have been collected in the counties of Albany, Rens- selaer and Lewis. These represent one hundred and sixteen species of fungi new to the Herbarium. Sixty-eight of them are regarded as new or undescribed species. A list of collected plants is marked (2). Specimens of thirty-seven species, new to the Herbarium and not among my collections of the past season, have been received from correspondents. Twelve of them are regarded as new or hitherto undescribed species. If the contributed specimens be added to those of my own collecting, the total number of additional species repre- sented is one hundred and fifty-three. This does not include extra- limital species, specimens of a considerable number of which have been received. A list of contributors and their contributions is marked (3). Notices of previously unreported species, with descriptions of new species, are marked (4). Notices of species previously reported, with remarks and observa- tions, are marked (5). Nearly three hundred species of fungi that attack and inhabit liv- - ing plants have been detected in the State. They affect almost as many species of flowering plants. In some cases several parasites attack the same host plant; in others, one parasite attacks two or more host plants indiscriminately. But, in many instances, a.single parasite is peculiar to a single supporting plant, in which cases the latter may be taken by the student asa guide in his search for the description of the former. A Puccinia found on the leaves of the dwarf cornel, Cornus Canadensis, is almost 30 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. certain to answer to the description of Puccinia porphyrogenita, and an Atcidium on the leaves of the barberry, Berberis vulgaris, will scarcely be any other than @eidiwm Berberidis. A fact of still greater moment is, that some of our cultivated plants are attacked by fungoid foes which, minute as they are, materially diminish their vigor, impair their useful products and, in some instances, even destroy their vitality. Raspberries are attacked by the American raspberry rust, Uredo luminata ; pea vines, by the pea mildew, Lrysiphe Marti; oats and wheat, by the grain smut, Ustilago Carbo; plum and cherry trees, by the black-knot, Spharia morbosa, and lettuce and onions by their respective molds, Peronos- pora gangliformis and Peronospora Schleideniana. Such fungi must be regarded as injurious to the interests of the husbandman, nor is the pecuniary loss which they occasion trivial or inconsiderable. The loss produced by the potato mold alone, P’eronospora infestans, abundantly warrants all the effort and labor and study that have been devoted to the investigation of the history of the fungus and to the discovery of some efiicient means for preventing its attacks or over- coming their destructive consequences. On the other hand those fungi that infest noxious weeds and hin- der their dissemination and multiplication, must be regarded as the friends and allies of man. Thus the thistle rust, Z7¢chobasis suaveo- lens, an early state of Puccinia Compositarum, sometimes attacks the Canada thistle with great virulence, and so impairs its vigor as to prevent the development of the seeds, thereby checking the propaga- tion and spread of this pestilent plant. So, also, the troublesome bur-grass, Cenchrus tribuloides, is sometimes infested by a smut fungus, Ustilago Syntherisme, which not only prevents the develop- ment of the seeds of the grass but also of the annoying bur-like involucres. It may yet be found practicable to keep down this grass by the artificial dissemination of the spores of its parasitic fungus in those light, sandy soils where the grass usually abounds. It certainly is desirable that the life histories of these fungoid friends and foes should be better understood than they now are, and that the meaus of multiplying or diminishing their numbers according to their char- acter should be under the control of the farmer. With these thoughts in mind it has seemed advisable to group together the names of the parasitic fungi hitherto found in the State, with their supporting plants. The list of these is marked (6). REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 31 (1.) PLANTS MOUNTED. Not new to the Herbarium. Nuphar advena Azz. Rhus venenata DC. Geum Virginianum ZL. Pinguicula vulgaris Z. Lophanthus scrophularizefolius Trillium erect. v. album PA. Allium vineale Z. (ie tricoceum Azz. Scirpus Eriophorum Jz. Eriophorum Virginicum Z. E. gracile Hoch. Carex exilis Dew. C. foenea Willd. C. Grayii Carey. C. livida Welld. C. Crawei Dew. Eleusine Indica Gart. Millium effusum JZ. Poa trivialis Z. P. _alsodes G7. Asplenium thelypteroides Dz. Onoclea sensibilis Z. Lygodinm palmatum Sw. Ophioglossum vulgatum Z. New to the Herbarium. Negundo aceroides Manch. Sedum reflexum Z. Nardosmia palmata Hook. Aster amethystinus Vwit. Centaurea nigra L. Verbena bracteosa Mz. Callitriche heterophylla PA. Habenaria leucophza Vutt. Allium Canadense Aalm. Barbula recurvifolia Schp. Hypnum compactum (C. Mull. Biatora uliginosa Schrad. Collema limosum Ach. Synalissa Schereri J/ass. Spirogyra longata Az. Hydrogastrum granulatum Desv. Pleurococcus vulgaris Mengh. Agaricus pusillomyces PX. A. tenerrimus Gerk. A. ~~ Austini P&. ae Watsoni Pk. Ay erinaceéllus Pk. je Colvini P&. Coprinus Seymouri Pk. Hygrophorus marginatus PA. EL, parvulus Pk. HH. Peckianus Howe. Cantharellus pruinosus Ph. Lentinus umbilicatus Pk. Boletus Spraguei ost. Bs chromapes /ost. Polyporus Stephensii Berk. Hydnum aurantiacum Batsch. EH. auriscalpium Z. Michenera Artocreas B. & C. Stereum candidum Schw. Corticium giganteum /?. C. colliculosum B. & C. Cyphella muscigena /’7, Solenia filicina Pk. Clavaria pyxidata Pers. C. rugosa Bull. C. pulchra Pk. C. gracillima Pk. Typhula Grevillei 77. Tremella vesicaria Bull. Physarum contextum Pers. EB albicans P&. Dictydium umbilicatum Schrad. Phoma pallens B. & C. 32 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT Phoma Marize Clinton. Diplodia Herbarum Zev. Spheropsis Sambuci P&. 8. biformis Pk. 8. Squierize Clinton. S. Wilsoni Clinton. S. Clintonii Pk. Hendersonia Peckii Clinton. iH, Mariz Clinton. H. Sarmentorum West. Vermicularia coptina Pk. , Septoria Coptidis B. & C. S. maculosa Ger. Ss. Wilsoni Clinton. S. sambucina Ps. S. Scrophularie Pk. S. Rhoidis B. & C. Dinemasporium Pezizula B. & C. Asteroma Rose DC. Morthiera Mespili Fk. Discella discoidea C. & P. Spheronema conforme Pk. S. oxysporum Berk. Coryneum Kunzei Cd. Melanconium disseminatum /7. M. minatissimuin Schw. Pestalozzia insidens Zab. i: rostrata Zab. Pe; monocheta Desm. Septonema Peziza C. & £. Sporidesmium Lepraria Berk. Puccinia Sorghi Sche. iP. bullaria Zk. lee Smilacis Schw. ied Dayi Clinton. la Clintonii Pk. Ustilago neglecta Viessi. Uromyces Graminum Ok. we Phaseoli Strauss. Protomyces Menyanthis D. By. Peridermium columnare A. & 8. ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Aicidium album Clinton. A. Nese Ger. AK. dracontiatum Schw. Cystopus Bhiti Biv. Stilbum candidum P&. Ss: aurifilum Ger. Monotospora biseptata P&. Stachybotrys lobulata Berk. Haplographium apiculatum Pk. Helminthosporium Urtiee Pk. Macrosporium Saponarie Pk. Nematogonum aurantiacam Desm. Erysiphella aggregata Ph. Microsphera Van Bruntiana Ger. M. Platani Howe. M. Symphoricarpi Howe. M. Menispermi Howe. M. abbreviata Pk. Uncinula luculenta Howe. Chetomium Donglasii Schw. Peronospora obliqua Ck. eg Geranii Pk. Geoglossum velutipes P&. Peziza amplispora C. & P. iE: pallidula C. & P. je omphalodes Bull. EP sepulta Fr. te ovilla P&. eg clandestina Bull. P Cucurbitee Ger. iE hyalina Pers. les scirpina Pk. |e Pteridis A. & S. E corueola C. & P. P. subatra C. & P. rE: atrocinerea Ck. Helotium pileatum P2. H. salicellum 77, Patellaria fenestrata C. @ P. ie dispersa Ger. PB: fusispora C. & P. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 33 Sphinctrina tigillaris B. & Br. Cenangium Rubi /7. C. defornfatum P&. C. Aucuparie 7, Stictis pupula /7. 8. hysterina 7. 8. quercina Pk. Rhytisma Urticz 77. Hysterium Rousselii De Wot. H. magnosporium Ger. Colpoma Ledi PA. Ailographum subconfluens PA. Torrubia superficialis P&. E. clavulata Schw. Epichloe typhina Berk. Nectria sanguinea /7?. Hypoxylon Sassafras Schw. Dothidea Linder Ger. a) clavispora 1. & P. Melogramma gyrosum Schw. M. Bulliardi Zw. Diatrype aspera #7. D. subelypeata C. & P. D. ~~ anomala P&. Melanconis bicornis Ck. Valsa Prunastri 77. Rubi Fekl. Woolworthi Pk. leiphemia /7”, acerina Pk. oxyspora Pk. obscura Pk. mucronata Pk. 3 4ids<< Valsa suffusa /7. V. femoralis Pk. ve sambucina Pk. Cucurbitaria alnea Pk. ©: seriata Pk. Lophiostoma Jerdoni BL. & Br. L. macrostoma /7. Te triseptata Pk. L. Scrophularize P&. L. Spirsee Pk. Spheeria pulicaris Pers. hirtissima P#. subcorticalis Pk. pheeostromoides Pk. amphicornis “dis. canina Pk. valsoides Pk. minima Avd. Scoriadea F?. monosperma Pk. rubefaciens Pk. Urtice Rabh. mirabilis P&. tubeeformis Zode. pheerella sparsa Awd. carpinea F?, — indistineta Pk. orbicularis P&. oblivia Ck. enturia Myrtilli Ck. Clintonii P&. Kalmize Pk. ARADNDNDDADADADAD MMM <<< 34 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. (2.) PLANTS COLLECTED. : Agaricus transmutans Pk. sapidus Aalchb. abundans P24. citrinellus Pers. stylobates Pers. pubescentipes PX. pruinatipes PA. teneroides Pk. placomyces PA. squalidellus Pk. elongatipes Ph. atomatoides Pk. : incertus Ph. oprinus pulchrifolius Pk. plumbens P2. ortinarius splendidus P&. sphagnophilns P&. robustus Pk. castanellus Pk. Gomphidius rhodoxanthus Schw. Hygrophorus speciosus Pk. Lactarius scrobiculatus Scop. L. vellereus /7. L. subpurpureus PA. L. parvus Pk. Marasmius spongiosus B. & C. Boletus badius /7. Russellii ost. Peckii Lost. nigrellus Ph. griseus Frost. ornatipes Pk. : Ravenelii B. & C. Exobasidium Cassandree P&. Phallus Demonum /’. Lycoperdon coloratum Ph. Chondrioderma Micheli £26. Lamproderma physaroides A. & S. PP DP DP PrP Eb aaagoe i te Cryptosporium Caricis Od. — Spheropsis propullans Schw. S. Galle Schw. Discosia faginea Zzb. Melasmia alnea Lev. Septoria cerasina PA. S. difformis C. & P. Excipula Jeucotricha P&. Discella Platani P2. Db. Kalmize P2. IBY macrosperma Pk. Melanconium pallidum PA. Phragmidium gracile Grev. Ustilago Candollei Z'vd. Uromyces Claytonize C. & P. Coleosporium ochraceum Lon. Cystopus Portulacee DC. Stilbum vulgare Zode. Epieoccum neglectum Desm. Periconia truncata C. & P. ie: corticalis C. & P. Helminthosporium oosporum Cd. lele episphericum C. & P. Polyactis pulvinata B. & C. Peronospora effusa Grev. PR. pygmea Ung. Ramularia Nemopanthis C. & P. Oidium leucoconium Desm. Stysanus Stemonitis Cd. Dactylium roseum Lerk. Fusisporium phyllogenum C1.é& P. ie parasiticum P. Cheetomium funicolum Ch. Peziza imperialis PA. Ps griseo-rosea (er. ig albospadicea Grev. i bronca Pk. | P longipes C. d& P. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 35 Peziza agrostina Pk. Valsa cinctula C. & P. P. Pinastri C. & P. Ws Fraxinicola C. & P. Pp. Thalictri PA. ve Lindere Pk. ir. virginella Ck. Spheeria fulgida C. & P. P: subtilissima Ch. Helotium hydrogenum P4. Hi. saprophyllum C. & P. Ascobolus ciliatus Schm. iM furfuraceus Pers. ‘Bulgaria purpurea Jk. Stietis versicolor 77. 8. filicina Pk. Hypocrea rufa #7. ‘a chromosperma C. & P. EL, apiculata C. & P. Hypomyces transformans PA. Dothidea filicina 77. Valsa trichispora C. & P. \e tumidula C. & P. squalidula C. & P. salebrosa C. & P. recessa C. & P. interstitialis C. d& P. obtusissima B. & C. Fimeti Pers. spiculosa Pers. obducens /7. ceanothina P&. melantera Pk. minutella P&. smilacinina Pk. culmifraga Desi. ‘ Collinsii Schw. . pheerella colorata Pk. ANDDDNDNDADM ND Mw (3. ) CONTRIBUTORS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS. Mrs. E. E. Arwarsr, Chicago, Il. Phegopteris Dryopteris Fee. Cystopteris fragilis Bernh. E, polypodioides ee. Mitremyces lutescens Schw. Mrs. T. E. Morris, Potomac, Va. Mitremyces lutescens Schw. Mrs. S. M. Rust, Syracuse, N. Y. Scirpus maritimus L. | Botrychium matricarizfolium. Mrs. Barnes, Syracuse, N. Y. Botrychium matricariefolium A. Br. Mrs. L. A. Miturneton, Glens Falls, N. Y. Arceuthobium Americanum Arceuthobium robustum /ngelm. Engel. Aspid. Noveb. v. fragrans J/2//. 36 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. W. W. Hitt, Albany, N. Y. Pinus contorta Dougl. Woodwardia Virginica Sm. Aspidium spinulosum Sw. Dicksonia punctilobula Aze. Asplenium Filix-feemina Bernh. | Botrychium matricariefolium. C. Drvot, M. D., Albany, N. Y. Pinus contorta Dougl. W.R. Gerarp, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Omphalaria pulvinata Vy. Uncinula geniculata Ger. Agaricus tremulus Scheff. Helotium eruginosum /7. Boletus parasiticus Bull. Bulgaria purpurea Fel. Melanogaster ambiguus Zw. E. C. Hower, M. D., Yonkers, N. Y. Badhamia hyalina Pers. Diatrype Smilacicola Schw. Septoria Ulmi /ze. I. A. Laruam, Milwaukee, Wis. Podisoma macropus Schw. Prof J. Haru, Albany; N.Y: Rumex Engelmanni Ledebd. Prof. G. H. Frenon, Irvington, Ill. Dryas octopetala ZL. Heuchera bracteata Serenge. Jamesia Americana 7. & G. H. Gritman, Detroit, Mich. Uryomces Junci Schw. C. F. Parker, Germantown, Pa. Rhytisma acerinum /7. Prof. C. E. Bressry, Ames, Iowa. Septoria Besseyi Pk. | Cystopus candidus Lev. Rev. H. Wissen, Oswego, N. Y. Azalea viscosa L. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 37 C. C. Frost, Brattleborough, Vt. Marasmius archyropus 7. | Paxillus porosus Berk. M. erythropus /7. Lycoperdon cyathiforme Bose. Boletus griseus Yost. Endobotrys elegans LB. & C. E. A. Rav, Bethlehem, Pa. Pannaria crossophylla Zuckm. H. A. Warne, Oneida, N. Y. Pellza gracilis Hook. Phragmidium mucronatum /7. Scolopendrium vulgare Sm. E. gracile Grev. Guepinia helvelloides DC. Lycoperdon constellatum /7. Lactarius vellereus 77. L. Warnei Pk. J. B. Exxis, Newfield, N. J. ‘Hymenochete agglutinans Adlis. | Ombrophila violacea 77. Peziza inquinans Ck. cy. purpurascens /7, BP: nigrescens Ck. O. subaurea Ck. Dermatea tabacina Ch. Sporidesmium rude Zilis. Hypocrea rufa /7. Diatrype moroides C. & P. H. consimilis A7/zs. Menispora ciliata Cd. Hon. G. W. Crinton, Buffalo, N. Y. Corticium sulfureum /7. Graphiolum Pheenicis Poit. Phoma nebulosum Berk. Stilbum smaragdinum A. & 8. Peckia Clintonii Pk. AXgerita candida Pers. e. Sarracenie P. & C. Cercospora Calle P. & C. Cryptosporium Noveboracense. | Ramularia Nemopanthis C. & P. Septoria Polygale P. & C. Zygodesmus hydnoides B. & C. 8. emaculata P. & C. Bulgaria purpurea Fk. Vermicularia concentrica P. & C.| Tympanis gyrosa B. & C. Discosia rugulosa B. & C. Hypocrea patella C. & P. Pestalozzia Guepini Desm. i, chromosperma C. & P. Sporidesmium concinnum Lerk. | Hypoxylon fuscopurpureum Schw. Clasterisporium uncinatum Clint.| Diatrype Cephalanthi Schw. Puccinia Calthe Zh. Melogramiza superficialis P. &C. Lap Gentian Strauss. Valsa leptasca P. & C. Pe Physostegie P. & C. Spheeria spermoides Hoffm. Cystopus spinulosus De By. S. exilis A. & S. 38 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE] MUSEUM. (4.) PLANTS NOT BEFORE REPORTED. OMPHALARIA PULVINATA Vy. Poughkeepsie. W. 2. Gerard. Agaricus (TRICHOLOMA) TRANSMUTANS 7. sp. Pileus convex, smooth, very viscid or glutinous and alutaceous when moist, becoming brownish or reddish-brown when dry ; lamellze narrow, close, some of them branched, whitish or pale yellow, becom- ing spotted with reddish stains; stem equel or slightly tapering upwards, smooth, stuffed or hollow, whitish, often marked with red- dish stains ; spores subglobose, .0002’ * in diameter. Plant 3’-4’ high, pileus 2’—3’ broad, stem 3’—5" thick. Ground in woods. Sandlake. August. It occurs in wet weather and manifests a tendency to grow in circles. Acaricus sapipus Aalchb. Trunks of trees and old stumps. Albany and Knowersyille. June and October. The czespitose habit and lilac-tinted spores are to be observed in distinguishing this species from its allies. It is considered edible. ¢ AGARICUS TREMULUS Scheff. Mosses. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Acaricus (CoLLYBIA) ABUNDANS 2. sp. Pileus thin, convex or expanded, subumbilicate, innate-fibrillose, whitish inclining to fuscous, often a little darker and more densely fibrillose on the disk, the thin margin easily splitting ; lamelle nar- row, close, adnate, sometimes veiny, white ; stem equal, smooth, hol- low, easily splitting, often curved, colored like the pileus, pruinose at the top. Plant gregarious or subepitose, 1-2’ high, pileus 1’-1.5’ broad, stem 1” thick. Decaying trunks in woods. Sandlake and Greig. August and September. ; This fungus is not frequent, but when it does occur it is usually in great abundance. When drying the margin rolls inward and the color becomes darker. * One accent signifies inch or inches, two accents line or lines. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 39 AGARICUS CITRINELLUS Pers. Decaying mossy trunks in woods. Greig. September. AGARICUS STYLOBATES /’e78. Among fallen leaves in woods. Sandlake. August. The pileus in our specimens is grayish and the striations are dichotomous. Agaricus (VOLVARIA) PUBESCENTIPES 2. Sp. Pileus convex, dry, white, clothed with minute hairy squamules or reflexed fibrils, fimbriate on the margin; lamelle close, free, white, then flesh-colored, sometimes minutely serrated or eroded on the edge ; stem slender, subequal, pubescent ; volva subappressed, white ; spores elliptical, .00025’—.00028’ long, usually containing a single nucleus. Plant about 1’ high, pileus 6’-12” broad, stem 1” thick. Ground in borders of deciduous woods. Sandlake. August. The different pileus as well as habitat separates this from A. hypo- pithys. (Plate 1, figs. 1-3.) Agaricus (NAvcORIA) PRUINATIPES 7. sp. Pileus regular, convex, smooth, hygrophanous, brownish when moist, ochraceous-yellow when dry, flesh whitish; lamellae close, nearly plane, rounded behind, pale-cinnamon; stem equal, firm, stuffed or hollow, pruinose, striate, pallid or cinereous; spores sub- elliptical, brownish-ferruginous, .00025’ long. Plant 1’-2' high, pileus 1’-1.5’ broad, stem about 1” thick. Ground in woods. Greig. September. The pruinosity of the stem is due to the presence of minute floccu- lent or mealy squamules. Agaricus (GALERA) TENEROIDES 2. Sp. Pileus thin, campanulate or expanded, hygrophanous, brownish- cinnamon and striatulate when moist, paler when dry; lamellee nar- row, close, yellowish-cinnamon ; stem straight, equal, hollow, colored like the pileus; spores subluteous, nearly elliptical, .0003'-.00035’ long. Plant gregarious, 1’-1.5’ high, pileus 8’-12" broad, stem .5” thick. Ground in wood roads. Greig. September. This species is closely related to A. tener, from which it differs in its more expanded pileus, more narrow lamelle, shorter stem and - smaller paler spores. Its color is nearly the same as that of A. ¢ener. 40 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Acarticus (PSALLIOTA) PLACOMYCES 7. 87). Pileus rather thin, expanded, plane, dry, squamulose, whitish, the disk and small scales brown ; lamellze close, free, white, then pinkish, finally blackish-brown ; stem smooth, containing a small pith, slightly tapering upward, bulbous, whitish, the bulb stained with yellow and usually giving rise to one or two root-like processes; annulus large, flabby, often studded with drops of a dark-colored fluid ; spores ellip- tical, brown, .00018’-.0002' long. Plant 3-5’ high, pileus 2'-3' broad, stem 2’—4" thick. Ground under hemlock trees. Oneida. H. A. Warne. Knowers- ville. July. This is a beautiful Agaric, the flattened pileus being finely adorned by the minute brown scales. Agaricus (HyPHOLOMA) SQUALIDELLUS 7. sp. Pileus thin, subconical, convex or subcampanulate, expanded when old, smooth, hygrophanous, ochraceous-yellow when dry, darker and striatulate when moist, squalid and spore-stained when old; lamelle broad, lax, rounded behind, whitish, then purplish-brown with a whitish edge; stem slender, stuffed, fibrous, subflexuous, reddish- brown ; spores elliptical, purple-brown, .00035’—.0004’ long. Plant gregarious, 1’—2’high, pileus 6’-12” broad, stem 1” thick. Damp ground in or near wood roads. Greig. September. A small form sometimes occurs with the pileus gibbous or broadly um bonate. Agaricus (PsILocyBE) ELONGATIPES ”. sp. Pileus thin, convex, then expanded, smooth, moist, yellow ; lamel- le subdistant, broad, plane, then ventricose, yellowish becoming brown, usually with the edge whitish ; stems elongated, subfragile, flexuous, equal, stuffed or hollow, usually with a few silky fibrils, pallid or rufous; spores brown, elliptical, .0004’—.0005’ long. Plant 3’-5’ high, pileus 6’-10” broad, stem 1” thick. Among sphagnum in marshes and wet places in woods. Greig. September. It appears to be allied to A. elongatus. When young the presence of a slight veil is manifest. Aaaricus (HyPHOLOMA) INCERTUS 2. sp. Pileus fragile, convex or subcampanulate, then expanded, hygro- phanous, often radiately-wrinkled, whitish with the disk yellowish, the thin margin sometimes purplish-tinted, often wavy, adorned by fragments of the white flocculent fugacious veil; lamellee close, nar- REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 41 row, whitish, then rosy-brown, the edge often uneven ; stem equal, straight, hollow, easily splitting, whitish, pruinose or slightly furfur- aceous at the top; spores elliptical, purplish-brown, .0003’ long, .0002’ broad. Plant gregarious or subceespitose, 2’-3’ high, pileus 1’—2’ broad, stem 1’—2” thick. Ground among bushes. Green Island and Sandlake. June and July. The veil is sometimes so strongly developed as to form an imper- “fect annulus. The color is nearly white from the first. Agaricus (PsILocyBE) ATOMATOIDES 2. sp. Pileus rather thin, fragile, convex or subcampanulate, then expanded, rugose-wrinkled, subhygrophanous, sprinkled with minute shining particles and with tufts of the white floccose fugacious veil, grayish or ochraceous-brown, sometimes with a pinkish tint ; lamellee rather broad, subventricose, rounded behind, cinereous then dark-: brown; stem equal, hollow, clothed when young with minute floccose scales, pruinose at the top, whitish; flesh cinereous; spores subellip- tical, blackish brown, .00028’—.0003’ long, .00016’ broad. Plant 1.5’-2’ high, pileus 8’-12” broad, stem 1” thick. Ground and decaying wood under pine trees. West Albany. June and July. In very wet weather the pileus has a dark watery appearance but it dries quickly. The spores in the mass are almost black, neverthe- less the plant is closely related to the fragile species of Psilocybe. CopRINUS PULCHRIFOLIUS 2. Sp. Pileus membranaceous, conical or campanulate, striate to the small even yellowish disk, cinereous, sprinkled with minute whitish scales ° or granules; lamelle narrow, crowded, free, cinnamon-brown, often furnished with a few minute hyaline spine-like processes ; stem slen- der, fragile, hollow, white; spores elliptical, brown with a slight rosy tinge .0003’ long. Plant solitary, 2’-3’ high, pileus 6’-12" broad, stem scarcely 1’ thick. Ground in woods. Greig. September. This remarkable species does not accord well with the characters of the genus to which I have referred it, neither in the color of the spores nor in the persistent nature of the lamelle, for I have not found these to.be deliquescent. Nor will it do to place it among the Psathyree, for the lamellee are free and the pileus is not hygrophanous. Also, the free lamella: and brown spores forbid its reference to Psa- thyrella. I have, therefore, thought best for the present to place it 42 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. in the genus Coprinus, some of the species of which it much resembles in external appearance. CopRINUS PLUMBEUS 7. sp. Pileus submembranaceous, fragile, campanulate, sulcate-striate nearly to the apex, leaden-gray, tawny or brownish-yellow on the small disk, sprinkled with tawny-cinereous hairs or flocci; lamelle narrow, close, free; stem slightly tapering upward, hollow, floccose, white; spores elliptical, .0004’ long, .00025’ broad. Plant 3’—5’ high, pileus 1’-1.5’ broad, stem 1’—2” thick. Ground in wood roads. Greig. September. s Cortinarius (PHLEGMACIUM) SPHAGNOPHILUS 7. Sp. Pileus convex or expanded, smooth, viscid, pale-brown, marked with darker watery spots, especially on the margin ; lamelle broad, subdistant, transversely rugulose, violaceous, then cinnamon ; stem long, firm, bulbous, silky, striate, pale-violaceous; spores oblong- . elliptical, .0004’—.0005’ long. Plant 5’-6’ high, pileus 23’ broad, stem 4”—5”" thick. Sphagnous marshes. Greig. September.. The spotted pileus is a distinctive feature in this species. Cortinarius (Myxactum) sPLENDIDUS 7. sp. Pileus convex or subcampanulate, viscid, pale-fuscous; lamelle not crowded, whitish, then cinnamon; stem equal, viscid, violaceous, whitish above; spores with an apiculus at one end, .0006—.00065’ long. Plant 3’ high, pileus 2’ broad, stem 3’—5” thick. Ground in woods. Sandlake. August. The shining brown pileus and violet colored stem afford a singular combination of colors. The plant is apparently very rare. Cortinarius (INoLoMA) ROBUSTUS 7”. Sp. Pileus hemispherical, then expanded, smooth, pale-bay, the margin sometimes lobed; lamell: close, pale-cinnamon ; stem stout, solid, bulbous, pallid, clothed with whitish silky fibrils; spores elliptical, .00035' long. Plant 2-4’ high, pileus 2'-3' broad, stem 3’—6” thick. Ground in woods. Greig. September. The plant is quite variable in size but it usually has a stout, rnug- ged appearance. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 43 Cortinarius (DERMOCYBE) CASTANELLUS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, convex or expanded, umbonate, smooth, shining, dark- chestnut color; the umbo almost black; lamelle close, rounded behind, cinnamon; stem silky, equal, stuffed or hollow, pallid or whitish, obscurely violaceous above; spores elliptical, .00035' long. Plant 2’ high, pileus 6’-12” broad, stem 1’—2” thick. Ground in open fields. West Albany. October. The smaller size of the plant, the umbonate pileus and larger spores distinguish this from C. nzgred/us, which it somewhat resembles in color. GoMPHIDIUS RHODOXANTHUS Schw. Ground in deciduous woods. Sandlake. August. The pileus is not always red, but varies sometimes toward yellow, sometimes toward brown. The spores are oblong, .0004—.0005' in length. HyG@RropHoRUs SPECIOSUS 7”. sp. Pileus at first ovate or subconical, then expanded with the thin margin decurved, smooth, glutinous, often with a small umbo, bright red or scarlet, becoming yellowish ; lamelle arcuate, decurrent, sub- distant, white, the interspaces sometimes veiny ; stem long, subequal, solid, white or yellowish, sometimes viscid; spores elliptical, .0003— .00035' long. Plant gregarious, 3’—-5’ high, pileus 1-2’ broad, stem 3’—5” thick. Ground under or near larch trees. Greig and Center. September and October. This is a very showy plant. The small umbo or disk retains the red color longer than the rest of the pileus. (Plate 2, figs. 1-5.) Lacrartivs scropicuLatus Scop. Ground in woods. Bethlehem. August. LACTARIUS VELLEREts /7?. Ground in woods. Sandlake. Oneida. Warne. August. The tomentum of the pilens and pubescence of the stem are fre- quently obsolete or indistinct. LacTARIUS SUBPURPUREUS 7. sp. Pileus at first convex, then expanded or depressed, smooth, sub- viscid, variegated with purplish and cinereous hues; lamellee dull-red or purplish ; stem equal, colored like the pileus; milk sparse, dark- red. Plant 2'-4' high, pileus 2-3’ broad, stem 3”—5” thick. 44 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Mossy ground in swamps. Sandlake. August. The species is related to LZ. deliccosus, but there are no orange hues either to the plant or the milk as in that species. LacTARIUS PARVUS 7%. Sp. Pileus nearly plane, then depressed, smooth, reddish-brown, becom- ing paler ; lamellz crowded, narrow, white, then tinged with yellow ; stem mostly short, often curved, stuffed, equal or slightly tapering upward, whitish; milk white, taste acrid; spores globose, rough, .00033' in diameter. Plant about 1’ high, pileus 6’-12” broad, stem 1’—2” thick. Decaying stumps in woods. Sandlake and Greig. August and September. Marasmtvs sponatosus B. & C. Ground among fallen leaves. West Albany and Center. August. Bowetvs Bapius /7. Woods. Greig and Sandlake. August and September. Bouetus parasiticus Bull. Parasitic on Scleroderma vulgare. Willowemoec. Gerard. Botetus Russeiitm Fost. Woods. Sandlake. August. This species is rare with us. It is remarkable for its long lacunose- reticulated and roughly lacerated stem, which is narrowed at the top and sometimes strongly curved at the base. Mr. Frost finds a form with the stem much twisted. Botetus Ravenetiu B. & C. Woods. Sandlake. August. If I understand this species correctly it often attains much larger dimensions than those given in the description. The tubes are at first whitish but in drying they change to a brown color. They become dingy-brown where bruised. The stem sometimes tapers downwards and is usually peronate and more or less annulate by the yellow veil. The pileus is reddish where the pulverulence has van- ished. The plant is sometimes ceespitose. BoLEtus NIGRELLUS 7. sp. Pileus dry, minutely tomentulose, blackish; tubes plane or convex, scarcely depressed around the stem, small, unequal, subrotund, whitish, then tinged with pink ; stem equal, short, even, colored like the pileus ; REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 45 flesh white, unchangeable; spores oblong, mostly narrowed toward one end, .0004'—.0005’ long. Plant 3'-4' high, pileus 3'-4’ broad, stem 6’~10” thick. Woods. Sandlake. August. Boterus Preckn Frost n. sp. | Pileus dry, firm, minutely tomentulose, red, fading to buff-brown, the margin usually retaining its color longer than the disk; tubes nearly plane, adnate or slightly decurrent, yellow, turning blue when wounded ; stem equal or subventricose, strongly reticulated, red, yel- low at the top; spores ochraceous-brown, oblong, .00035'—.0004' long. Plant 3'-4' high, pileus 2'-3’ broad, stem 3’—6" thick. Ground in deciduous woods. Sandlake. August. The stem is generally brighter colored than the pileus and retains its color longer. The species should be referred to the Calopodes. Botetus erisEus Lost n. sp. Pileus dry, firm, nearly smooth, gray or grayish black ; tubes nearly plane, adnate, sometimes slightly depressed around the stem, small, unequal, subrotund, white ; stem whitish or yellowish, strongly reticu- lated, often abruptly narrowed and yellow at the base; flesh whitish or gray ; spores ochraceous-brown, oblong, .0004’—.0005’ long. Plant 3’—4’ high, pileus 2’—4’ broad, stem 6’-12” thick. Deciduous woods. Sandlake. August. The plants have a rather strong unpleasant odor. The color of the pileus is variable, but it is generally some shade of gray. The reticu- lations of the stem are finer at the top, coarser, elongated and some- what compound toward the base, but in the dried specimens the finer reticulations at the top of the stem are the most distinct, the others becoming obsolete. My esteemed friend, Mr. Frost, finds a form which he considers a variety of this species, differing from the type in having the tubes flesh and stem yellow. GUEPINIA HELVELLOIDEs DC. Decayed wood partly buried. Oneida. Warne. Mr. Warne remarks that he has found it in but one limited locality, four or five feet square, and that its color when fresh is a very beauti- ful reddish-brown. PHLEBIA PILEATA 2. 8p. Pilei coriaceous, effuso-reflexed, more or less imbricated and later- ally confluent, concentrically sulcate, zonate, subtomentose, purplish- brown ; hymenium a little paler, usually stained with red or orange on the margin, the folds crowded, radiating, frequently interrupted 46 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. behind and appearing like coarse papille, when dry suffused with a dull tawny bloom ; spores elliptical, colorless, .0003’ long. Dead branches of beech. Greig. September. CorTIcIUM SULPHUREUM 7, Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. ExopasipiuM CAssANDR&# 2. Sp. Gall a suborbicular thickened portion of the leaf, generally con- cave above, convex below, two to four lines in diameter, red or yellow, at length white pruinose on the lower surface; spores oblong, colorless, variable in size, .0002’-.0005' long. Living leaves of Cassandra calyculata. Buffalo. Olinton. Sand- lake. July. Perhaps this is only a form of &. Vaceinii. MELANOGASTER AMBIGuUS Zl. Clay banks. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Puatius Damonum /?. Shaded ground. Albany. September. This is placed by some in a genus Dictyophora. LyYCoPERDON CONSTELLATUM 7. Fallen leaves under trees. Oneida. Warne. August. This is a fine species, having, if possible, a more shaggy appearance than LZ. pedicellatum and L. separans. The spinous processes are either straight or curved. The color is a cervine brown, and scarcely changes in drying. (Plate 2, figs. 13 and 14.) LycorERDON COLORATUM 2. Sp. Peridium subglobose or obovate, subsessile, six to ten lines in diameter, radicating, yellow or reddish-yellow, membranaceous, roughened with minute granular or furfuraceous warts; capillitium and spores pale, the latter globose, .00016'-.0002' in diameter. Ground in bushy places. Sandlake. August. The species is remarkable for the pale color of the capillitium and the yellow hue of the peridium. CuonpRIopERMA Micuerti L2d, Fallen leaves, grass and twigs. West Albany. September. (Plate 1, figs. 4-6.) ; Bapuamia uyaina Pers. (Didymium simulans Howe.) Ailanthus bark. Yonkers. owe. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 47 LAMPRODERMA PHysARoIDES A. & &. Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. Indian Lake. Puoma NEBULosuM Berk. Dead nettle stems. Buffalo. Clinton. May. Cryprosporium Caricis Cd. Dead leaves of sedges. West Albany. May. CryprosporiuM NovEBORACENSE B & C. Bark of hemlock. Markham Station. Clinton. May. Prcoxta Clinton nov. gen. Perithecia carbonaceous, spheriform, glabrous ; spores concatenate. The strings of spores are nearly or quite colorless, sometimes branched in a retiform manner, sometimes involved in mucus. The character of the perithecia separates the genus from Myxormia. Proxta Sarracent#® Peck & Clinton, n. sp. Perithecia scattered or collected in small groups, sometimes seated on blackish spots, small, slightly prominent, black ; strings of spores retiformly branched, spores oblong, narrow, colorless, .0003’ long. Dead leaves of pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea. Buffalo. Clinton. Prcxia CLINTONII 2. sp. Perithecia scattered, prominent on both surfaces of the leaf, smooth, black; strings of spores involved in mucus ; spores subquadrate, slightly tinged with green, .0002’ long. Decaying leaves of Smilacina trifolia. Buffalo. Clinton. April. The strings of spores sometimes adhere to each other laterally. Sometimes there is the appearance of a spurious or divided endo- chrome in the spores. (Plate 2, figs. 6-9.) Spu#ropsis Gate. (Spheria Gallae Schw.) Old galls and twigs of butternut, Juglans cinerea. Bethlehem. The perithecia on the galls are so crowded that they appear to the naked eye to form a continuous black crust. - SPHAROPSIS PROPULLANS. (Spheria propullans Schw.) Dead stems of Celastrus scandens. Greenbush. VERMICULARIA CONCENTRICA P: & C. n. sp. Perithecia small, black, beset with straight rigid bristles, concen- trically placed on arid orbicular spots ; spores oblong, slightly curved, pointed at each end, colorless, .0008—.001' long. 48 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Living leaves of Zrilliwm erythrocarpum. Pine Valley. Clinton. July. The tissues at length fall out from the affected spot, leaving aper- tures through the leaf. The perithecia are less regularly disposed near the center of the spots. Judge Clinton also sends a variety on leaves of Viola rotundzfolia in which the concentric arrangement of the perithecia is not at all perceptible, but I detect no other difference. Discosta FaciIngEA Lib. Fallen beech leaves. Portville. September. Discosta rucuLosa B. & C. Leaves of hickory, Carya alba. Chautauqua Lake. Clinton. Metasmia ALNEA Lev. Living leaves of alder, Alnus serrulata. Center. August. SEPTORIA CERASINA 2. Sp. Spots scattered or cenfluent, rather small, subangular, brown or reddish-brown ; perithecia few, collapsed when dry, appearing as if margined, pallid or amber-colored; tendrils whitish ; spores long, filiform, generally strongly curved, .002—.003' long. Lower surface of cherry leaves, Prunus serotinus. Lake Pleasant. August. This is quite unlike PAyllosticta sanguinea Desm., as represented by specimens from the collection of that gentleman. Frequently only one perithecium occupies a spot. Srprorta PotyeaLe P. & C.n. sp. Perithecia minute, scattered or clustered, black; spores filiform, slender, straight or slightly curved, .001—-0016' long. Dead leaves of Polygala paucifolia. Portage. Clinton. May. Seproria EMAcULATA P. & C. n. sp. Perithecia rather large, scattered, prominent, black; spores filiform, curved or flexuous, usually containing several nucleoli, .002’-.0035' long. Pods and living leaves of Lathyrus palustris. Buffalo. Clinton. July. The leaves are without spots. The perithecia appear on one or both surfaces. SEpToRIA DIFFoRMIS C. & P. n. sp. Spots suborbicular, brown; perithecia crowded, black, amphi- genous; spores profuse, linear, straight or curved, hyaline, .0006 REPORT OF TILE BOTANIST. 49 long, oozing out and covering the spots with a white or glaucous bloom. Living leaves of Vaccinium Pennsylvanicum. Lake Pleasant. August. SeprorraA Utmi (ze. Elm leaves. New Baltimore. Howe. Catskill mountains. EXcIPULA LEUCOTRICHA 7. Sp. Perithecia small, scattered, the disk plane or slightly convex, orbi- cular, elliptical or elongated, black, surrounded by a few long septate whitish hairs ; spores fusiform, colorless, .0003—.0004 long. Dead grass leaves. West Albany. June. The species is well marked by the pale delicate hairs of the perithecium. DiIscELLA MACROSPERMA 1. Sp. Perithecia obsolete; mass of spores prominent, reddish-brown or blackish, pale when moist ; spores oblong, straight or slightly curved, often narrowed toward one end, colorless, .0013—.0016 long, .0004’ broad, containing a granular endochrome. Dead bark of willows. North Greenbush. July. DiscELLA PLaTAnt n. sp. Pustules small, erumpent, pallid; spores subelliptical or oblong, smooth, deciduous, colorless, .0003—.0005' long. Dead twigs of battonwood, Platanus occidentalis.. Bethlehem. May. The sporophores rarely remain attached to ‘the spores and these have no granular aspect as in D. platyspora. DiscetLta Kami n. sp. Pustules small, erumpent, at length blackish, the perithecia mostly deficient above and somewhat excipuliform; spores oblong-obovate, sometimes slightly curved, colorless, .0004—.0006' long. Dead stems of sheep laurel, Kalmia angustifolia. Sandlake. June. MELANCONIUM PALLIDUM 1. sp. Stroma small, yellowish; spores oozing out in a blackish mass, separately pallid or almost colorless, ovate or oblong, often slightly curved and subcymbiform, .0006—.0007’ long. Dead branches of Carya alba. West Troy. June. The species is remarkable for the pale color of the spores. These sometimes contain two or three large nuclei. (Plate 1, figs. 7 and 8.) 4 50 ’ TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. SporIDESMIUM concINNUM Berk. : Decaying wood. Markham Station. Clinton. May. CLASTERISPORIUM UNncINATUM Clinton n. sp. Thinly effused, blackish-brown ; spores large, subfusiform, straight or curved, five to seven-septate, colored, .0016'-.002' long, tapering below into the pale or colorless septate short pedicel which is strongly curved, coiled or uncinate at the narrowed base. Lower surface of fallen oak leaves. Buffalo. Clinton. Nov. The cells of the spores are often nucleate, and the terminal cell is sometimes truncate and paler than the others. The uncinate base of the pedicel is a characteristic feature. (Plate 1, figs. 9 and 10.) C. pedunculatum, which in a former report was referred to this genus, must be placed in the genus Helminthosporium. It becomes H. attenuatum C. & P. PHRAGMIDIUM GRACILE (rev. Leaves of Rubus odoratus. Bethlehem, Trenton Falls and Watkin’s Glen. September. This plant was formerly reported as a variety of Phragmidiwm mucronatum, but having compared it with authenticated European specimens of both forms of that species, I am satisfied that our plant is distinct. In the Uredo form the spots are more definite, the sori and spores are larger and the latter have a more coarsely-roughened epispore. In the Brand form the spores are longer and yet more narrow, the papille are more prominent and the mucro is generally longer and roughened. Pucornta GEeNTIANE Strauss. Leaves of Gentiana Andrewsit. Buffalc. Clinton. August. Poucemta Cattua Lk. Leaves of Caltha palustris. Buffalo. Clinton. July. Puccrnta Puysostecia P. & C. n. sp. Spots none; sori evenly scattered, small, rotund, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, blackish-brown ; spores elliptical, scarcely constricted, .0014’-.0016' long, .0008’-.001' broad; pedicels short, slender. Lower surface of leaves of Physostegia Virginiana. Strawberry Island. Clinton. August. (Plate 2, figs. 25 and 26.) Uromyces Ciayronitz C. d& P. n. sp. Sori amphigenous, scattered, small, ovate or elliptical, brown ; spores oval or elliptical, with a slight apiculus, .0013'—.0016' long, about .001' broad; pedicels slender, short, hyaline. Leaves of Claytonia Caroliniana. Cold Spring. June. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 51 Ustitago CanpouuEer Zu. Heads of flowers of Polygonum sagittatum. Forestburgh. Sep- tember. The more even and darker colored spores separate this from U. utriculosa. Ustizaco Montaaener Zul. var. major Desm. Heads of flowers of Rhynchospora glomerata. Long Island. £. S. Miller. The larger size of the spores; with their remarkable pustules, serve to distinguish this from U. Montagnez, to which, as a variety, it is referred. I have thought it worthy of illustration. (Plate 1, figs. 11-12.) CoLEOsPORIUM OCHRACEUM Bon. Leaves of Agrimonia Hupatoria. Greenport. July. This is Uredo Agrimonie Schw. according to Dr. Curtis. Cystorus Porrutaca DC. Leaves of purslane, Portulaca oleracea. Sandlake and Fishkill. August and September. Cysrorus spinuLosus De Bary. Leaves of Canada thistle, Cirsewm Canadense. Buffalo. Clinton. GrapuHiotum Puantcis Pot. Leaves of Phenix dissectifolva. Conservatories, Buffalo. Clinton. May. SriLpuM VULGARE Zode. Decaying wood. Sandlake. August. STILBUM sMARAGDINUM A. & S. | Decaying wood. Markham Station. Clinton. May. Epicoccum NEQGLEctTuM Desm. Decaying stems of Indian corn, etc. Buffalo. Clinton. North Greenbush. July. The spores in our specimens often exceed the dimensions given in the description of this species. ALGERITA CANDIDA Pe7s. Decaying wood. Grand Island and Sodus Bay. Clinton. Octo- ber and November. Periconra truncata 0. & P. n. Sp. Scattered, black; stem rather thick, composed of loosely compacted 52 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. slender septate threads; capitulum expanded, truncate ; spores ellip-. tical, attenuated towards either end. Dead branches of apple trees. Center. May. Periconia corticaLis C. & P. n. sp. Scattered, black; stem erect, rigid, composed of slender septate threads which are free at the apex forming a subglobose head and bearing at the tips minute globose spores, .00012’ in diameter. Bark of Thwja occidentalis. Adirondack Mts. July. HeLMINTHOSPORIUM OdsPoRUM Cid. Dead stems of grape vines. Watkins. September. HEeELMINTHOSPORIUM EPISPHERICUM C. & P. n. sp. Flocci rather long, tufted, slender, flexuous, septate, rarely branched, blackish-brown ; spores oblong-clavate, three to four sep- tate, .002'-.003’ long, truncate at the apex, the second and third cells from the top generally more highly colored than the others. On some effete Diatrype. Albany. August. (PI. 2, figs. 18-20.) Crercospora CaLtLa P. & C. n. sp. Spots definite, narrow, oblong, pallid; flocci amphigenous, minutely tufted, short, flexuous, somewhat nodulose, not at all or indistinctly septate, slightly colored, cinereous or subolivaceous in the mass; spores colorless, terminal, at first simple, then elongated and one to five-septate, nearly straight, cylindrical or obclavate, .001—003' long. Living leaves of Calla palustris. Buffalo. Clinton. August. Prronospora premma Ung. ' Leaves of Anemone Pennsylvanica. Bethlehem. May and June. PERONOSPORA EFFUSA (rev. Leaves of Chenopodium album. West Albany. August and Sept. Ramoutaria Nemopantuis C. & P. n. sp. Spots brownish, rather irregular; flocci hypophyllous, fasciculate, short, delicate ; spores fusiform or cylindrical, .0008' long, .0002’ broad. Living leaves of MWemopanthes Canadensis. Buffalo. Clinton. Kasoag. July. Poryactis putvinata B. & C. Dead trunks and branches of alders. Center. October. Orp1um LEucoconium Desm. Living rose leaves. Conservatories, Buffalo. Clinton. Wild rose leaves. West Albany. July and November. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 53 Judge Clinton remarks that the fungus curls and kills the leaves of the cultivated roses. The fungus is now regarded as a state of Spherotheca pannosa, the perfect condition of which we have not yet seen. Stysanus Stemonitis Cd. Fallen leaves of Amelanchier Canadensis. Our specimens do not fully agree with the description and are therefore referred here with some hesitation. The stem is black and has a decidedly swollen or bulbiform base so that, after the spores have fallen, the plant might readily be taken for a Spheeria with a long subnulate ostiolum. Daoctytium rosEum Berk. On apples. Albany. November. The apples were first attacked by Spzlocwa Pomi, then on these affected spots this fungus appeared, forming a whitish, scarcely roseate, effused pulverulent mass. FusisPoRIUM PHYLLOGENUM C. & P. n. sp. Hypophyllous, collected in suborbicular spots; flocci fasciculate, simple or branched, nodulose; spores cylindrical, curved, three to seven-septate, colorless, .0025—.003’ long. Living leaves of Hrigeron annuum. Bethlehem. October. F UsIsPORIUM PARASITICUM 7. sp. Flocci delicate, tufted, sometimes branched, white; spores unequal in length, three to tive-septate, straight or curved, usually pointed at one end and obtuse at the other, colorless, .0012~.002' long. On Spheria Collinsii. Center. July. ZYGODESMUS HYDNOIDEs B. & C. Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. September. CH2TOMIUM FUNICOLUM Ck. Old broom. Albany. The specimens are old and without asci and are to this extent doubtful, but they appear to belong here. UncinvuLa GEntcuLata Ger. Leaves of Morus rubra. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. September. GEOGLOssUM NIGRITUM Pers. Marshy ground in woods. Greig. September. (Plate 1, figs. 20-22.) Externally this species resembles G. Peckianwm, from which it is 54 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. separated by its spores paraphyses and somewhat porous club. From G. glabrum it is at once distinguished by its glabrous stem and the longer, not moniliform, terminal joints of the paraphyses. Its spores searcely differ from those of G. glabrum except in being more narrow. The spores of G. glabrum having been described in the Handbook as three to four-septate, I was led to consider a similar plant with seven-septate spores as distinct and described it in the 25th Report under the name Geoglossum simile. But the description on which I relied proves to have been erroneous, and the spores of G. glabrum have since been published as seven-septate, so that G. semile of the 25th Report becomes a synonym of G. glabrum. The application of the specific name glabrum to the plant desig- nated by it is unfortunate and liable to mislead the student, for the stem is covered by a kind of minutely-tufted tomentum of matted septate filaments, which, with the projecting masses of spores from the mature club, give the plant a scarcely less hairy aspect than that of Geoglossum hirsutum. ' PrEzIzA IMPERIALIS 2. Sp. Bright sulphur-yellow ; cups irregular, six to twelve lines broad, often split on one side, with the margin incurved, externally pruinose- tomentose, the disk glabrous, becoming slightly orange-tinted in dry- ing; stem thick, somewhat lacunose, usually narrowed at the top, four to eight lines high ; asci cylindrical ; spores elliptical, .0004’ long, .0002’ broad; paraphyses filiform, slightly thickened at the top. Ground in woods. Greig. Scmemnen In consequence of the bright color the plant is quite showy. The: external pruinosity is due to the presence of a minute tomentum. The species is apparently allied to P. sordescens B. & C., but unless that species is badly described our plant must be distinct. (Plate 1, figs. 138-15.) PxEzIzA GRISEHO-ROSEA Ger. Ground in woods. Knowersville and Sandlake. July and August. PuzIzA ALBOSPADICEA (rev. Ground in woods. Sandlake. August. PEZIZA BRONOA n. sp. Cups gregarious or crowded, sessile, subhemispherical, four to nine lines broad, whitish or very pale-buff, externally roughened by small crowded whitish warts; asci cylindrical; spores elliptical, one to two- nucleate, .0008'—.0009' long, .0005' broad. Ground. Knowersville and Sandlake. July and August. (Plate 2, figs. 10-12.) ° REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 55 Peziza Ltonarres C. & P. Petioles of fallen leaves. Memphis. August. PEZIZA AGROSTINA 72. Sp. Cups scattered, small, .02’-.03’ broad when dry, subsessile, hemis- pherical or subglobose, externally hairy, of a dull pinkish hue, the hairs of the margin bent inwards when moist, usually with longer subulate whitish points, the others not subulate, often rough and more or less septate; disk pallid or cream-colored ; asci cylindrical ; spores subcylindrical, .00025—.0003’ long; paraphyses broad, longer than the asci, tapering upwards to a point. Dead stems of Calamagrostis Canadensis. West Albany. June. The peculiar paraphyses indicate an alliance with P. apala, P. brunneola, etc. The species belongs to the Dasyscyphe. PeEziza sUBTILIssmMA C&. Dead branches of pine. West Albany. July. PEzIZA VIRGINELLA Ch. Fallen leaves. Center. May. Peziza Pinastri C. & P. Dead pine leaves adhering to cut branches. Center. May. Peziza THALICTRI 7. sp. } Cups abundant, sessile, bursting through the epidermis, small, punctiform when dry, externally black, the margin usually whitish or cinereous and subfimbriate; disk cinereous; asci oblong; spores crowded, elongated, simple or multinucleate, .001—.0012' long, .0002’ broad. Base of dead stems of Zhalictrum cornuti. Center. May. When moist the cups expand, revealing the disk. The substance is then so much swollen that the black exterior breaks up into small scales, giviug a scabrous appearance to the cups. The species should be referred to the section Mollisia. A Hetorium sapropuyitium C. & P. n. sp. Minute, stipitate, ochraceous ; cups plane; stems slender, slightly thickened upwards, as long as or longer than the diameter of the cup ; asci sublanceolate ; spores lanceolate or somewhat clavate, biseriate, one to two-nucleate, .0008' long, .00025’ broad. Fallen leaves. Lake Pleasant. August. The species is closely related to H. fastidiosum but is smaller throughout. 56 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. HELOTIUM HYDROGENUM 7. Sp. Gregarious or scattered, sessile, smooth, externally brownish ; aide nearly plane, margined, pallid or yellowish, becoming éiniaedl with brown or green in drying; asci subclavate; spores subeylindrical, slightly curved, often containing .several minute nuclei, .0005—.0006' : long. Decaying wood lying in water. Sandlake. July. The plants on the upper surface of the wood have the disk more yellow than those just at or beneath the surface of the water. They were associated with Mitrula paludosa and Vibrissea Truncorum. AScoBOLUS FURFURACEUS Pers, Excrement of cattle. Buffalo. Clinton. Sandlake and West Albany. July and August. When fresh the cups have a beautiful greenish-yellow color. AscoBoLus cit1Atus Schm. Excrement of cattle. Buffalo. Clinton. November. Tympanis eyrosa B. & C. Dead branches of apple tree. Silver Lake. Clinton. June. BuLGARIA PURPUREA /’ckl. Decaying wood. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Buffalo. Clinton. Greig, East Worcester and Catskill Mts. July to September. The long spores, .0006—.001’, separate this from 3B. sarcozdes. Srictis VERSICOLOR Fr. Dead branches and decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. West Troy. July. STICTIS FILICINA 7. sp. Pustulate, erumpent, surrounded by the lacerated epidermis; disk plane or concave, pallid or cream-colored ; spores filiform, .0016— .002' long. Dead stems of Osmunda cinnamomea. Center. May. The pustules are numerous and brownish at first. The covering epidermis is at length lacerated, the numerous narrow suberect lacinize retaining their brow nish hue. HypocrEA CHROMOSPERMA C. & P. n. sp. Fleshy, soft, convex, orbicular, one to two lines broad, flattened and patellate when dry, whitish or watery tan-color ; ostiola slightly prominent ; asci cylindrical ; spores quadrate-globose, brownish when mature, .00016—.0002’ in diameter. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 57 Decaying wood.. Buffalo. Clinton. Greenbush and Croghan. July to September. _The colored spores are a noticeable feature. Hypocrfa PATELLA C. & P. n. sp. Fleshy, patellate, discoid, one to two lines broad, pale ochraceous ; asci cylindrical; spores globose, sixteen, hyaline, .00012—.00016' in diameter. Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. March and April. This plant resembles externally some species of Helotium. The ostiola are smaller and less prominent than in the preceding species. HypocrrEa ruFA 7. Dead alders. Center. Hypocrea apicunata C. & P. n. sp. Fleshy, soft, growing in irregular patches, smooth, ochraceous inclining to orange, the extreme margin barren ; asci cylindrical ; spores fusiform, with an apiculus at each extremity, uniseptate, color- less, .0011'—.0015’ long, .0003’—.0004' broad. Ground and rocks. Catskill Mts. and Sandlake. June to August. The color of the ostiola in this species is variable, ranging from amber to orange. HyYPpoMYcEs TRANSFORMANS 7. sp. Subiculum effused, variable in color, pallid, golden-yellow, ochra- ceous or brick-red ; perithecia ovate or subglobose, papillate, sunk in the subiculum; ostiola prominent, obtuse, amber or orange; asci cylindrical ; spores fusiform, apiculate at each end, somewhat rough, simple or rarely with the endochrome obscurely divided, colorless; .0013—.0015' long. Parasitic on Cantharellus cibarius, which it transforms into an irregular mass. Sandlake. August. The spores of Hypocrea apiculata resemble those of this and other species of Zypomyces, but the plant is not “ parasitic on fungi,” an essential character in the genus Hypomyces as at present defined. Neither do its spores agree well with the spore-character of the genus Hypocrea to which the species is referred, so that the plant must be regarded as an aberrant species intermediate between the two genera. It therefore becomes a question whether the two genera are well sepa- rated and whether they ought not to be reunited. MetocraMMA SUPERFICIALIS P. & C. n. sp. Stroma superficial, depressed, one to two lines broad, pale or yel- lowish within; perithecia unequal, more or less irregular, crowded, 58 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. depressed, blackish-brown or black; asci very broad, varying from subglobose to oblong-clavate, fugacious ; spores oblong, obtuse, fenes- trate, slightly constricted at the center and appearing uniseptate, .001’-.0013' long. | Bark of living mountain ash, Pyrus Americanus. Buffalo. Clinton. May. Dornmea Fiuicina /7. Dead stems of Pieris aquilina. Center. May. The spores in our specimens are oblong-fusiform, triseptate, 001.0012’ long, either with or without a ie appendage at each end. DiatryPE Smimacicona Schw. (Hypoxylon Smilacicola Howe.) Dead stems of Smilax. Yonkers. Howe. DiatTRyPE CrerHALANtTut Schw. Dead stems of Cephalanthus occidentalis. Buffalo. Clinton. July. Catskill. It belongs to the section Diatrypella. DiatryPe apusta C. & P. n. sp. Pustules small, slightly elevated, subconical, blackish, covered by the epidermis which is pierced by the very small disk; stroma white ; ostiola few, small, black; asci cylindrical; spores uniseriate, simple, elliptical, colored, .0007—.0009' long. Dead branches. New Baltimore. Howe. Vasa TRICHISPORA C. & P. n. sp. Small, pustulate ; stroma cortical, pale ochraceous as well as the erumpent disk; perithecia few, dark-brown when mature; ostiola exserted, quadrisulcate ; asci clavate; spores filiform, hyaline, five to seven-septate, .0024’ long, .0001’ broad. Dead twigs of oak. Greenbush. It looks like a miniature Valsa leiphemia. Vasa TuMIDULA C. & P. n. sp. Erumpent, piercing the elevated discolored cuticle, ultimately exposing the blackened disk; perithecia four to six, semi-immersed in the wood, circumscribed by a black line; ostiola obtuse, quadrisul- cate ; asci clavate; spores linear; straight or curved, obtuse, hyaline, .0004’—.0005' long. Dead branches of Crateegus. Garrisons. June. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 59 Vatsa crnctuta C. & P. n. sp. Pustulate; perithecia few, clustered, black; ostiola cylindrical, thick, piercing the whitish disk which encircles them with an irregu- lar white ring; asci clavate; spores fasciculate, linear, multinucleate, at length three to seven-septate, .0024’ long, .0002' broad. Dead branches of chestnut. Guilderland. May. (Plate 2, figs. 21-24.) Vatsa Fraxinicota C. & P. n. sp. Pustulate, perforating the epidermis; perithecia ovoid, black, cir- cinating; ostiola rather long, convergent, somewhat quadrisulcate ; asci clavate; spores minute, sausage-shaped, crowded at the apex of the asci. Ash branches. Tyre. September. Vausa LINDERE 2. sp. Pustules small, rather prominent, crowded or scattered, closely surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, circumscribed by a black line ; ostiola crowded, short, dull black, obliterating the blackish disk ; perithecia usnally four to six, nestling in the inner bark ; asci slender, clavate; spores eight, yellowish in the mass, cylindrical, curved, obtuse, .0003—.0005' long. ; Dead branches of the spice bush, Lindera Benzoin. Albany. July. Vatsa Leprasca P. & C. n. sp.* ‘ Subpustulate, blackish, ernmpent; perithecia small, numerous, tapering above into the papillate or subconical ostiola; asci elon- gated, cylindrical, slender ; spores uniseriate, simple, oblong or ellipti- cal-oblong, usually binucleate, colorless, .0003' long. Dead branches of 2hus typhina. Buffalo. Clinton. July and August. Sometimes the pustules are confluent or effused, in which case the plant might be taken for a Spheeria. SpH#ria Cotuinsu Schw. Leaves of Amelanchier Canadensis. Center. May. This remarkable Sphzeria was found in considerable quantity in the locality mentioned. It attacks all the leaves on an affected branch, and even the branch itself gives indications of the presence and influence of the fungus. It is more or less contorted, swollen and deflected toward the ground. The upper surface of the leaves assumes a dark-green or lurid hue, the lower surface being wholly occupied by matted filaments, the subiculum of the Spheria. This . 60 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. is at first olive-brown in color, but at length black spots appear upon it. These gradually enlarge until the whole surface becomes black. With this change in the color of the subiculum, the perithecia appear, but they do not, apparently, perfect their spores until the following spring, spore-bearing specimens having been found in May. The affected leaves adhere to the brauch during the winter and the early part of the following summer. These dry leaves, when seen among the surrounding green leaves that put forth before these have fallen, together with the drooping branch that bears them, are deceptively imitative of dead leaves on a branch that has been broken down but still adheres by a shred to the parent trunk. The young fungus commences its growth before the old one of the previous year has disappeared. I have taken from the same tree, at the same time, old leaves bearing the mature Spheria, and young leaves bearing the subiculum and young perithecia of the succeeding crop. The fungus does not appear to kill the branch it attacks. As Schweinitz does not describe the fruit of this fungus I subjoin the following description of its characters : Asci cylindrical; spores uniseriate, abruptly narrowed at one end and divided by an obscure septum into two very unequal parts, color- less, .0004—.0005’ long. This fungus is manifestly closely allied to Sphaeria morbosa, which some European mycologists have referred to the genus Cucurbitarza, but as the erumpent character of the Cucurbitarie is not present in S. Collinsii, the species is left where Schweinitz placed it. SpH=RIA (VILLos#) cHsarrata C. & P. n. sp. Perithecia gregarions, about .012’ in diameter, subglobose, papillate, black, shining, beset with scattered erect rigid septate black hairs; asci cylindrical or clavate; spores biseriate, narrowly fusiform, five to seven-septate, greenish, .0015—.0017 long, each cell nucleate. Decaying wood. Portville. September. Sprazria (VitLos#) Leontna C. & P. n. sp. Perithecia subconfluent or rarely scattered, dark-brown, oval, covered with a short thick tawny-orange tomentum, the papillate apex naked; asci clavate or cylindrical; spores biseriate, lanceolate, uniseptate, constricted, at length triseptate, brown, .0014—.0015' long; paraphyses slender, filiform. Cut surface of wood. Portville. September. SpHaria Frmeri Pers. Horse dung. Sandlake. July. SPH#ARIA OBDUCENS 7. Ash branches. Bethlehem. June. ‘ REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 61 Spu#ria sperMorpes [offm. Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. May. Spo #eta (Denupat#) saLeBrosa C. & P. n. sp. Perithecia gregarious or crowded, globose, rough, black, depressed and umbilicate, pierced at the apex and faintly radiately sulcate, .02'—.03' broad ; asci cylindrical or clavate; spores lanceolate, acute uniseptate, constricted at the septum, brown, .0014-.002' long, .0003’-.0004' broad; paraphyses numerous, filiform. Dead stems of shrubs. Center. October. SpHz#ria (Denupata#) REcESSA C. & P. n. sp. Perithecia gregarious, at first semi-immersed, smooth, flattened, dark-brown or black, .012’ broad ; asci subclavate ; spores one or two- seriate, elliptical, uniseptate, deeply constricted at the septum, color- less, .0005—.0008' long, .00025—.0004' broad. Decaying wood. Tyre. September.. The perithecfa have a somewhat discoid appearance. SpH#riA (Denupat#) sQuaLipuLa C. & P. n. sp. Perithecia gregarious, globose, semi-immersed, pierced at the apex, about .012’ broad, black ; asci cylindrical; spores uniseriate, elliptical, simple, binucleate, colorless, .0005—.0007' long. ) Decaying chestnut wood. Portville. September. Spua#eia (Denupars#) inrerstiTiatis C. & P. n. sp. Perithecia gregarious, at first semi-immersed, always apparently so by nestling between the fibres of the wood, subglobose, pierced at the apex, black, .012—.02’ in diameter; asci cylindrical ; spores uniseriate, polymorphous, triseptate, with occasional vertical septa, deeply con- stricted, brown, .0012~—.0014' long, .0005—.00065° broad. Decorticated wood of cherry. Greenbush. November. Spu#ria exiuis A. & S. Decaying wood. Markham Station. Clinton. May. SPH#RIA sPIcuLosa Pers. Dead branches. North Greenbush. July. Spy ria optusissima B. & C. Decaying maple wood. Sandlake. July. I depend upon specimens received from the late Dr. Curtis for the validity of this determination as I have seen no description of the species. 62 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Sprmria (OBrECT#) CEANOTHINA 2. Sp. ; Perithecia small, scattered or rarely two or three crowded together, smooth, subglobose ; ostiola piercing the epidermis, somewhat rugged, often curved or deformed ; spores crowded or biseriate, oblong, obtuse, sometimes curved, colorless, .0005—.0006' long. Dead stems of Ceanothus Americanus. Center. May. SpH#riA (OBTECTA) MELANTERA 2. Sp. Perithecia gregarious, minute, covered by the blackened epidermis ; asci linear ; spores crowded or biseriate, oblong or subfusiform, trisep- tate, slightly constricted at the septa, colored, .0005—.0007’' long. Dead stems of raspberry, 2eubus strigosus. Center. May. Spoaria (CauLicoLz) Futana C. d& P. n. sp. Perithecia gregarious, sometimes disposed in lines, soon free, glo- bose, black, smooth, shining, scarcely papillate, .01—.012’ in diameter, at length collapsed ; asci clavate or cylindrical ; spores filiform, curved or flexuous, multinucleate, at length multiseptate, colorless, .003’ long. Dead stems of herbs. Albany. May. This is allied to S. rubella, S. acuminata, S. Bardanw and S. Urtice. SpH@RIA (CAULICOLA) SMILACININA 2. 8p. Perithecia abundant, minute, at first covered by the thin often blackened epidermis, slightly prominent ; asci cylindrical or subcla- vate; spores crowded, ovate or unequally elliptical, pale greenish- yellow, .0005'-.0006’ long, usually containing a single large nucleus. Dead stems of Smilacina stellata. Center. May. SpH2RIA (CAULICOL) MINUTELLA 2. Sp. Perithecia minute, somewhat flattened, black, the upper part at length breaking away leaving the base attached to the matrix ; asci sublanceolate ; spores oblong, simple, colorless, .0003' long. Dead stems of herbs. North Greenbush. June. SpH#@RIA CULMIFRAGA Desm. Dead stems of grass. Watkins. September. SPH#RELLA COLORATA 2. Sp. Spots orbicular, small, scattered or rarely confluent, reddish-brown, usually with a darker margin; perithecia minute, black, epiphyllous ; asci cylindrical ; spores cylindrical or subfusiform, uniseptate, color- less, .0006—.0007' long. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 63 Living leaves of sheep laurel, Kalmia angustifolia. Center. July. The spots are more distinctly margined on the upper than on the lower surface of the leaf. They are sometimes greyish. Plate 2, figs. 15-17.) (5.) PLANTS PREVIOUSLY REPORTED— REMARKS AND OBSERVATIONS. The first twelve species of fungi here given were reported without description. They are now repeated with descriptions. Dornier cLavispora. (Hysterium clavisporum C. & P.). Stroma small, oblong, elliptical or linear, at first covered by the epidermis, then erumpent, longitudinally striate under a lens, black ; asci clavate; spores crowded, clavate, multiseptate, colored, .Q01”— .0013' long. Dead stems of Phragmites communis. The fungus frequently grows in long lines or series. Mature fruit-bearing specimens especially occur on the older and more dis- colored stems. The septa are from five to nine, the intervals between them being very short. The basal cell is usually the longest. Hysterium ExaripuM C. & P. Superiicial, seated on irregular bleached spots ; perithecia elliptical, minutely rugose, opaque, black ; lips elevated, paler, connivent ; asci clavate; spores filiform, hyaline. Fallen leaves of Kalmia angustifolia. Cotpoma JuniperinuM C. & P. Perithecia gregarious, oblong or elliptical, sometimes slightly elongated and flexuous, covered by the epidermis which is ultimately ruptured in an irregular manner, blackish, disk pallid, at length exposed ; asci clavate; spores filiform; paraphyses slender, filiform, at first curved or circinate at the tips. Bark of Juniperus Virginiana. Diatryre Morowes C. & P. Rather small, erumpent, the disk at length obliterated by the crowded somewhat prominent hemispherical black ostiola; perithecia crowded, blackish; asci cylindrical ; spores uniseriate, oblong, uni- septate, colored, .0005—.0006' long, about .0002’ broad. Dead alders. ‘ 64 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Vausa Bicincta C. & P. Erumpent; stroma dirty-white, mealy ; perithecia six to ten, sub- globose, disposed in circles, black; ostiola elongated, convergent ; disk whitish, surrounded by a black line, at length obsolete; asci cylindrical; spores biseriate, fusiform, four-nucleate, .0004—.0005" long. Dead branches of Juglans cinerea. The spores in dried specimens sometimes have the appearance of being uniseptate or even triseptate from the division of the cndo- chrome. Lopuiostoma turritum C. & P. Perithecia subgregarious, emergent, prominent, snbglobose, black, with broad compressed truncate necks ; ostiola elongated; asci cylin- drical or clavate; spores oblong-elliptical, five-septate, brown, .0008— .0009' long. Dead willow branches. The turret-shaped perithecia give a spinulose appearance to the twigs. The lips of the compressed ostiola are linear as in Hysterium. Lopuiostroma MAGNATUM C. & P. Perithecia subgregarious, semi-immersed, globose, rather large, somewhat thin and fragile, pitchy-black ; ostiola short, compressed ; asci cylindrical or clavate; spores biseriate, lanceolate, constricted in the center, three to five-septate, .002’-.0023’ long. Decaying wood. It some resembles ZL. macrostomum in habit. Spua@ria (ViLLosa#) murans C. & P. Perithecia rather large, .026-.036' broad, gregarious or crowded, globose, papillate, black, at first clothed with a thin tawny evanescent tomentum, at length naked, smooth, shining; asci subeylindrical ; spores uniseriate, elliptical, brown, .0004—.0005' long. Decaying wood. The species is allied to S. mutabdlis Pers. Spo ria (VILLos#) virmpicoma C. & P. Perithecia erumpent, then superficial, two or three together, ovate, black, clothed with a dense greenish tomentum, .03—.04 broad; ostiola thick, prominent, naked; asci clavate or cylindrical; spores one to two-seriate; lanceolate, uniseptate and four-nucleate or trisep- tate, deeply constricted at each septum, colorless, .0013—.0018' long, .0003'—.0004' broad. Decaying beech wood and branches. The two central cells of the spores are nearly globose. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 65 SpHa#ria (Cavticots) Semen C. & P. Perithecia soon free, globose, clustered, pierced at the apex, black ; asci clavate or cylindrical; spores biseriate, lanceolate, straight or curved, triseptate, deeply constricted in the center, colorless, .0012’— .0013’ long. Fallen petioles of mountain ash, Pyrus Americana. Spoaria (Cavticots#) suscontca C. & P. Perithecia conoid, flattened at the base, somewhat collapsed when dry, seated beneath the epidermis which is at length thrown off, black ; asci cylindrical; spores triseptate, brown, .0012’ long, .0003’ broad. Dead stems of herbs. It resembles S. Doliolum in habit, but differs in fruit. Spu#eia (CavuLicoL#) RACEMULA C. & P. Perithecia cespitose, rugose, small, flattened, black, at length col-_ lapsed, separating with the epidermis which is pierced by the elon- gated ostiola ; asci clavate, sessile; spores narrowly lanceolate, color- less, four-nucleate, .0006’ long. | Dead stems of Hpilobium angustifolium. AZALBA viscosa ZL. This beautiful shrub has been found in the town of Schodack, Rensselaer county by Rev. H. Wibbe. ARCEUTHOBIUM PUSILLUM P&. Mrs. L. A. Millington informs me that she has found this parasite growing on upland spruces, so that it is not limited to those growing in and around marshes. Roumex Encetmannti Ledeb. Grassy grounds. Albany. Prof. J. Hall. Scirpus MAritimvs L. Fine specimens were collected near Syracuse by Urs. Rust. BorrycHiuM MATRICARIHFoLIUM A. Braun. Lewis county. Mrs. Barnes and W. W. Hill. In the development of a science like Mycology it is not possible wholly to avoid mistakes and the necessity of changes in names and arrangement. Recent European publications enable me to make some corrections in the nomenclature of previous reports. 5 66 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. AGaRicus Navcinus /. In the new edition of Epicrisis this species is described as having globose spores ; it therefore becomes necessary to regard as a distinct species the plant reported under this name in the 23d Report, p. 72. I propose for it the name Agaricus (Lepiota) naucinoides, and add to the description already given the following: Spores subelliptical, .0003’—.00085' long, .0002’-.00025' broad, generally with a single large nucleus. The difference in the spores, the smoother pileus and absence of an umbo will separate this from A. naucinus. There is also another closely related species, A. Schulzert Kalchb., which is said to have ovate spores, a small annulus, an umbonate pileus and a nauseous taste, characters by which it may be readily distinguished from our plant. A. /@vis Krombh., and A. cretaceus Fr., are also liable to be confused with this plant if the spores be neglected, the former being distinguished by its rosy or flesh-colored spores, the latter by its brown spores. Thus it appears that there are five species that are not easily separated except by their spore characters ; a strong indication of the importance of pablishing these characters with the descriptions of species. Agaricus ponpERosus Pk. Report 26, p. 50. This name being preoccupied is changed to Agaricus magnive- laris Pk. Agaricus coprinoiwEs Pk. Report 26, p. 59. This name also has been applied to a European species and I would therefore name the American plant Agaricus plicatellus Pk. Agaricus Lizacinus Pk. Report 24, p. 638. This, too, is applied in Europe to a different species. I would therefore substitute for it the more appropriate one, Agaricus lilaci- Jolaus Pk. Puicatura Aunt Pk. In the first edition of Epicrisis the genus Z7vogza is limited to coriaceous Agaricini having the lamelle or folds longitudinally channelled on the edge. In the Handbook of British Fungi the generic character of Z7ogia is so modified as to include species with crisped lamelle, and Cantharellus crispus is referred to this genus. Also, in the second edition of Epicrisis the phrase ‘in spec. Europza modo crispz”’ is parenthetically inserted in the generic description of Trogia and C. crispus becomes Trogia crispa. It this classifica- tion is to be adopted and followed then Plicatura Alni must be changed to Zrogia Alni. The reasons for its adoption are twofold. First it is the arrangement of the venerable Fries, the life-long student of fungi, who probably has no equal in the knowledge of the Agaricini REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 67 and in the ability to judge concerning the value of their characters and their proper classification; second, the unnecessary multiplica- tion of genera founded on slight differences is to be deprecated. Boxerus retires B. & C. Report 23, p. 182. As soon as the characters of this species were published by Rev. M. J. Berkeley, it became evident that the plant I had hesitatingly referred to it and described in the location cited was distinct. There is no pulverulence to our plant nor does it have “ pilei arising from a common base.” I would, therefore, give it the name Boletus orna- tipes. Kither this or a closely related form is regarded by my friend, Mr. C. C. Frost, as a variety of B. griseus, but the yellow flesh and the tubes, which are also yellow from the first, indicate to my mind a specitic difference. It is by having respect to such a difference in color that the whole genus has been divided into primary series, and it hardly seems fitting to throw together, as varieties of one species, © forms thus separated. THELEPHORA PALLIDA Schw. This name, being preoccupied, must be changed. I would substi- tute for it, Zhelephora Schweinitzi. Pocornta Trarettez 6. & C. Report 25, p. 115. Since the publication of this species, for the authenticity of which I depended upon specimens received from the late Dr. Curtis, Rev. Dr. Berkeley has published in Grevillea, 1874, p. 53, under the same name, a species which is clearly quite different. He also finds Pweci- nia Saxifragarum on Tiarella leaves. Neither can this be our plant, for P. Saxifragarum has its spores much broader and more obtuse. In view, therefore, of the peculiar circumstances attending the publi- cation of these two species under the same name, I deem it the most courteous, if not the most correct way, to drop the name P. Tiarelle from its connection with the plant described in the 25th Report, and substitute for it the name Puccinia spreta Pk., thus leaving P. Tiarelle B. & C. tor. the species to which it has been applied by Dr. Berkeley. . Uromyces Pettanpra Lowe. Some account of the synonymy of this species seems desirable. In the synopsis of the Fungi of North Carolina, Dr. Schweinitz describes a fungus under the name Uredo Caladii, giving Caladium as its habitat. In his Synopsis of North American Fungi, he changes the name of this fungus to Uredo Ari-Virginici, adding the remark, perhaps as a reason for the change, “it is not Caladium but Arum on which it is found frequently.” This remark admits of two interpre- tations depending upon the stress given to the last word. He may have found the fungus at first on Caladium and afterwards more fre- quently on Arum, or he may at first have mistaken the host plant, Arum, for Caladium, in which case the remark must have been 68 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. intended as a correction of that mistake, the word “frequently ” being simply an additional idea. The latter appears to me to be the most natural interpretation. He does not mention the particular species in either case, but from the context it appears that the Caladium, real or supposed, was our present Peltandra glauca, and the Arum, -our Peltandra Virginica. However this may be, the fungus inhab- iting the latter plant was regarded as Schweinitz’s species until Dr. Howe described it under the name Uromyces Peltandre, and thus indicated more correctly its generic relations. He subsequently sub- stituted the specific name Avz- Virginici for Peltandre, but the law of priority works badly in this case, for the oldest name, Caladiz, is manifestly inappropriate and was discarded by Schweinitz himself, and against the other there is, in the minds of some, an objection because of its compound character. Uromyces Pontederie Ger. is, according to specimens received from Mr. Gerard, on Peltandra leaves _and not distinet trom U. Peltandre. Until recently the Uromyces inhabiting the leaves of Avisema triphyllum was considered specifically the same as the one on Pel- tandra leaves. Dr. M. C. Cooke has separated a form of this, in which the sori are clustered in spots, under the name Uvromyces Ariseme. I am satisfied that this is not specifically distinct from the other form in which the sori are more evenly scattered over the whole surface of the leaf. There is no constant difference in the spores, and both forms manifestly run into each other in habit. Nor is there, in my opinion, any just ground for the separation of either from U. Peltandre except perhaps as a variety, for the only appreci- able differences I find between them are now and then a spore in the form on Peltandra leaves which slightly exceeds in size any that I find on Ariseema leaves and a greater tendency in the former to occu- py the lower surface of the leaf, while in the latter there seems to be a greater tendency to occupy the upper surface. But both are fre- quently amphigenous in habit. I regard the following as the syn- onymy of the species : Uredo Caladii Schw. Synopsis Fung. Car. No. 480. Uredo Ari-Virginici Schw. Synopsis N. A. Fung. No. 2839. Uredo “ “ Ray. Fung. Car. Exsic. Fasc. IV. No. 96. Uredo “Curtis Cat. N. C. Plants, p. 122. Uredo S N.Y: Cab. Rep-:, 23; p: 57. Uromyces Peltrande Howe. Bull. Torr. Club. 1874, p. 3. Uromyces Ari-Virginici Schw. ‘ Fi es mo Up. 43: Uromyces Pontederie Ger. ‘‘ fe oe 1875, p. 31. Uromyces Ariseme Ck. Ag & s « p. 82. Uromyces LEsPEDEZ# Schw. All our species of Lespedeze are subject to the attacks of this fungus. The form that occurs on Z. capitata usually has the spores and their pedicels a little longer than in the other forms and it was reported as distinct under the name U. macrospora B. & C., but I am now satisfied that it is unworthy of specific distinction. The form on REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 69 L. hirta was first described by Schweinitz as Puccinia Lespedeze- polystachie, but afterwards, finding this fungus more abundant on JZ. vtolacea, he changed the name to Puceinia Lespedezw-violacee. The fungus has for many years been referred to the genus Uromyces to to which it properly belongs. The same author also published a fungus which he found on Z. procumbens, giving it the name Puccinia Lespedeze-procumbentis, and describing the spores as having a distinct septum after the manner of true Puccinia spores. This Puccinia does not appear to have been found by subsequent collectors, but the same Uromyces that occurs on other Lespedezz is often found on L. procumbens also, and is sometimes designated as Uromyces Lespedezw-procumbentis Schw.., though this designation is wholly unwarranted by the description of Schweinitz’s fungus. Inasmuch as the Uromyces is common to all. our Lespedeze it seems best to drop that part of its trivial name that implies a specific limitation to its habitat and write Uromyces Les- pedeze instead of U. Lespedeze-violacee. Uromyces prrirormis Ch. As this fungus was reported without description, the following characters, kindly furnished by Dr. Cooke, are now given: Amphigenous, erumpent; sori linear, sometimes confluent, rather pulverulent, purple-brown, margined by the fissured cuticle; pseudo- spores pyriform, deep-brown, epispore thickened above; pedicels rather short, thick, persistent, colored in the upper portion. On Acorus Calamus. The species is very closely allied to U. Sparganzi, but appears to differ in habit. PinEoLaRIA BREVIPES B. & R. This occurs with us on both sides of the leaves of Rhus Toxico- dendron, and is sometimes found associated with Uredo Toxicodendri B. & R., which is probably its Uredo-form. I suppose the latter fungus to be the one described in Grevillea 1874, p. 56, as Uromyces Toxicodendri B. & R., although it does not well agree with the generic character of Uromyces for the pedicels are by-no means per- manent, since it is difficult to find one attached even to an immature spore. In this respect it is nearer Trichobasis, as a species of which _ it was formerly reported. PeEzizA ANOMALA Pers. This is now generally admitted to be a species of Solenia. Some European mycologists consider it the same as S. ochracea, others regard it as distinct. The two are kept separate by Fries in his new edition of Epicrisis, and I am disposed to follow this arrange- ment, for so far as my observation goes they differ constantly in the color and shape of the tubes. S. anomala has also a tendency with us to grow in tufts, which I have not seen in S. ochracea. 70 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Peziza Sotenta Ph. One author has referred this species to Peziza Hupatorii Schw. In establishing the species I depended upon the accuracy of Schweinitz’s description, and in justification of my present opinion of the validity - of it I quote the full description of P. Hupatoriz, italicizing those parts not applicable to P. Solenza. “P, EuPATORII L. v. 8., versus radices in maximis caulibus emor- tuis Eupatorii purpure: et maculati, Bethl. P. gregaria, cupulis bi-vel tri-linearibus, madefactis explanatis, disco subconvexo, margine fere obliterato. Siccitate connivens, sed non clausa, est hee pezizula rufo-carnea, extus pilis nigrofuscis apice albescentibus fasciculatim obsita.” FP. Solenia is not collected near the roots of the stems, but occurs more or less abundantly all along them even to the upper part. I have seen it on stems of Hupatorium ageratoides only, never on £. purpureum or its variety maculatum. The cups, instead of being two or three lines, are less than one-fourth of one line broad. The largest cups that I have seen do not exceed this measurement even when moist. In the moist state the cups become somewhat swollen but they assume no shape that could be called “explanate” or flat- tened. Even after long soaking the mouth still remains small and contracted, the disk, instead of being ‘“subconvex,’’ is still deeply concave, and to say that the margin was “ almost obliterated ” would be very far from the truth. The flesh and hymenium are whitish and the hairs are not fasciculate. Thus it appears that our plant differs in almost every respect from the description of P. Hupatori ; in habit, habitat, size, shape, color of flesh, etc., agreeing only in being connivent in dryness and in having an external covering of similarly colored hairs. Unfortunately, Schweinitz did not describe the fruit of his species so that the comparison can be carried no farther. But it does not seem necessary. No ordinary degree of variability in the species and no reasonable allowance for mistakes in the description would harmonize so many and so great discrepancies. Hetorium rousinum Pk. This is thought by some to be the same as Peziza cupressina, and doubtless there is a close resemblance between them. Had the latter plant been placed in the genus Helotium instead of Peziza, I should have regarded them as one species myself. SpH@RIA VERBASCICOLA Schw. I have never seen this plant bearing the fruit of a Spheeria, but have seen the perithecia filled with a multitude of small elliptical hyaline spores .00016’—.0@018’ long. The species should therefore be considered a Phoma until it is found with the fruit of a Spheeria. SpH#RIA SARRACENIA Schw. Fertile specimens of this plant indicate that it belongs to the genus | Spheerella. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. Th SpH#ria Spina Schw. This plant, which was formerly reported under the name Sphero- nema Spina, has recently been characterized by Dr. Berkeley as having very small globose spores. The plant which we had regarded as belonging to this species (Schweinitz gives no description of the spores), has spores quite different and must be described as distinct. SPHEZRONEMA FRAXINI 2. sp. Perithecia nestling in the inner bark, covered by the epidermis which is pierced or ruptured by the long black rigid spiniform ostiola ; globule whitish; spores long, slender, curved or flexuous, gradually tapering to a point at each end, generally multinucleate, colorless, .002'—.0025’ long. Dead branches of ash, Fraxinus Americana. The long rigid ostiola render the branch prickly to the touch. The fungus is sometimes found intermingled with Tympanis Fraxini of which it may be a condition. (6.) PARASITIC FUNGI OF NEW YORK AND THEIR SUPPORTING PLANTS. But few species of the first great family of fungi, the Hymmnomy- CETES, are inabitants of living plants. A single species and the mem- bers of a single anomalous genus comprise all with such a habitat that have hitherto been found within our limits. The species of Hxobas¢ dium attack and transform the buds and leaves of Ericaceous plants into soft gall-like swellings or excrescences. It is not known that they — actually kill the plants they attack. ; Fungus. Supporting plant. Reid SUM SUER ITCH 1G Po faeces oesgel weal ane 2 hic ge wo on ee Osmunda cinnamomea. Eixobasidium Azaless PR... och uss... Azalea nudiflora. E. ATUL OTR LES Te rag caparal sian lakers Yale Andromeda ligustrina. E. Cannan Pina anios tcloe sinae ete Cassandra calyculata. Of the second family, the Gasrzromycerrzs, probably no member is strictly an inhabitant of living plants though several species occur on both living and dead plants. Stemonitis herbatica has as yet been detected only on living leaves and grass, but I do not think its habitat is thus limited. The third family, the Contomycrrzs, doubtless furnishes more fungi 72 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. inimical to living plants than all the others together. All the species of the three orders Pucciniei, Ceeomacei and A cidiacei find ‘their dwelling place on such plants. They are popularly known by the names Rust, Brand, Smut and Cluster cups. Many of them havea dual form but usually both forms occur on the same plant. In such cases only the second or principal form is given. In Phragmidium the spores have a permanent pedicel and two to ten septa according to the species. The color of the spores is blackish-brown or black. They grow on the stems or leaves. In the earlier condition the spores are simple and yellow or orange. These early forms consti- tuted the genus Lecythea. Phragmidium speciosum Fr ........ Rose stems. i waneronntnnt Le. 3... ese Rose leaves. bie EMC GTEU 2) oe nemo ta 2% ee Rubus odoratus. uF obtusum ] 1A Ape AN AS eA on Potentilla Canadensis. Triphragmium clavellosuam Lerk.... Aralia nudicaulis. In Puccinia the spores have a permanent pedicel and a single transverse septum. ‘They grow in dense sori or masses of a rusty- brown, blackish-brown or black color. These masses are usually dot- like and are scattered uniformly over the leaves or are collected in clusters on more or less discolored spots. The earlier forms of the species have the spores simple and were formerly grouped in the genus Trichobasis. Puceinia puleheHa Ph... ..'.. 2.620% Ribes prostratum. - Peranornet Wee...\... esac es Prunus serotina. - Anemone nemorosa. - PCIIONES POPS. ste eee Thalictrum dioicum. ; a Cornuti. Anemone Virginiana. - Slide ASCH! ie siainae =, oe we Penner Roane Le aa eli ele ee ate Caltha palustris. - PEE CMW Frcs voi aeu= aes Podophyllum peltatum. > Dinolaqannet ie: Ogee inne, bo Violet leaves. - Lychnidearum Zk...... .... Dianthus leaves. » Mariz-Wilsoni Clinton....... Claytonia Caroliniana. - Noli-tangeris Cd ............ Impatiens fulva. + Le Cal A ee eee ean Polygala pauncifolia. 7 Waldsteiniz Curt ..... .... Waldsteinia fragarioides. Ret een a ye a a essa) ce oe Rubus villosus. ene pore | R. occidentalis. © SR hey Slit BR: strigosus. eurtipes owes 2 5 26 She Saxifraga Pennsylvanica. SIE CEE pF eee nt = '8.s) 1 C. Tetae: ballaria: L6.~) os. Phi ee Sanicle stems. Pee FUG ES eee Le |e Oe ee ee REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 73 Baceinia Umbelliferarum DC....... Archangelica atropurpurea. - Cryptoteenie Pk............ Cryptotenia Canadensis. Osinornhias Cee ier 04). 1 neato brevistylis. - : ongistylis. , porphyrogenita Curt......... Cornus Canadensis. Galiornm “Ligases aeke tai 3 Galium triflorum. : Aster macrophyllus. INSGCT SCN rs see ates es i: a Nt purpurascens’C. dé Ps... 25. A. acuminatus. Gerardii Pk. ./... bbe §) Pacapan JaNe simplex. . Voirsaoress 270 ive oes ek ‘Solidago altissima. Mantiit Senin seb oils D. Xanthium Strumarium. Helianthi, Schwih gid heed ck: 2 Helianthus divaricatus. INVEstIbA! SOW oo. Lis a ee Gnaphalium polycephalum. Cirsii Cirsium lanceolatum. - USM POC Linn a nteraite sine « C , : arvense. Varlabiligi Ged. 21). 2 oi. 5. . Taraxacum Dens-leonis. Tahiti er oe AAS hisis ate e's Lobelia syphilitica. Dan ienron ese oes esd Lysimachia ciliata. LONE 00) TA) oa ee a Pedicularis Canadensis. OOO OO A A on OA A Dh Monarda fistulosa. Hedeoma pulegioides. » Mentha Canadensis. . Meninreens ci) auehdic. va os Physostegie P. dé (......... Physostegia Virginiana. Convolvul eG 2. oo otis Calystegia Sepium. Gentianze Strauss ........... Gentiana Andrewsii. Polygonum amphibium. amphi Hews 2 oo Ee acc 3 } P. Pennsylvanicum. y Pp: Virginianum. SHIM ACISEOCEI Lh Sale L sds bie x's Smilax rotundifolia. Weratrrol teset oth wes Veratrum viride. mesomajalis B. @ C......... ete borealis. - cirpus validus. GOES AE Psa u hig: xp ae to. XH0 18. P pungens. ” S. Eriophorum. CLC tlhe 1 A ed nae aac | S. suiv econ EEG Bee Ie iS 2 ae Bis. Sits era oe Carex crinita. Garicniawy Ce ee coc «ee tls. C. stricta. SOTO MMSCH ease es wd wei o = Zea Mays. arundinacea Hedw .......... Phragmites communis. GPrannnig oe oreo. ss eect eh ess Grasses and cereals. eoronate Cet ete oe 8 ae Avena sativa. Hnedrighi ere eh es eostoee Grasses. In Gymnosporangium and Podisoma the spores are pedicellate and uniseptate as in Puccinia, but their color is a yellowish-orange when moist, and the mass is then much swollen and tremelloid or gelatinous. The species of Podisoma form those globose excrescences on the Juniper that are known as “Cedar apples.” s 74 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Gymnosporangium Juniperi Zk..... Juniperus Virginiana. G. clawapes CBP ie Bore cree ie Podisoma macropus Schw .......... iy es Pe. fnomin: Phy Le. he tae Wares ss o . The species of Uromyces resemble those of Puccinia in every respect, except that the spores are simple. Hypericum perforatum. Uromyces triquetrus Ck........... Ee mutilum. Elodes Virginica. U. Claytontss (C) de iss cents om Claytonia Caroliniana. U: appendiculosus Lev.......... Pisum sativum. BIR apICULOSIB Lee: iis. koa ay Trifolium repens. al Phaseoli Strauss ...........% Phaseolus diversifolius. U: Lespedezes Schw........-... Lespedeza leaves. U. BONS Doe GENO eo Sale bccet ore Desmodium leaves. UW. Mammon 200 2) 5 Sek sites Statice Limonium. U. Reoly Our Ce 515 St oe) aha Polygonum erectum. |e Hipnor pie Ode ey. ss tees a pe eee Paltandrs Viesinien U. Pelfandras: ote” il. la: occ 1 Arissema triphyllum. HPs oy rirOrmis iO out. ees me sm 6 Acorus Calamus. U: Spareani Cedi ok vsti os v5 Sparganium eurycarpum. UP PL OWiCUBE AE 2.3L iS Le) lene Sh overs Asclepias cornuti. U. MTCC WCON,. Aang 5 n'est om, ewe Lilium Canadense. ule IMIG SERCO it SS ea oe wl ae ee Juncus effusus. fe OL GUST V7 £0 RGM nae aN AOS Carex stricta. OR Crear UU TCE 1 oe obs orn erotic nee Brizopyrum spicatum. Pileolaria brevipes B. @ #......... Rhus Toxicodendron. Ravenelia glanduleformis B. @C.... Tephrosia Virginiana. In Ustilago the spores are simple, without permanent pedicels and more or less globose in form. They are black or blackish-brown and form dusty smutty masses, most often in the ovaries or floral organs. They thus destroy the seeds of the host plant and interfere with its propagation. Ustilago‘utriculosa Zul ............ Polygonum Pennsylvanicum. U. Coadellet: Ll. a oe. esse ess s cE sagittatum. U. Erythronii Clinton.......... Erythronium Americanum. U. fatima! SCht0) eo eseee Bea bee Juncus tenuis. Ue Montaonel 20,05. tens. a. 0. Rhynchospora alba. U. Mont. v. major Desm.../.... i: glomerata. w. ureeoloramy Zeb) boo esis seks eae ae |G MaidistCd isi esc weit Zea Mays. u. lon mingima 7 Ul. 5 <5 ses). Spent Glyceria aquatica. (GE neglecta Wiesshe ot acne opto Setaria glauca. U. Syntherisme Schw.......... Cenchrus tribuloides. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 75 : Triticum vulgare. Biemlaro Ourbo Pub cies. wee 1 | LORS he : Hepatica acutiloba. Urocystis pompholygodes Schl ..... eee Pounty vane U. oecnlta Preuss. is cucu a. 2 sis Grass leaves. Geminella foliicola Schroet.......... Carex Pennsylvanica. Protomyces Menyanthis DeB....... Meuyanthes trifoliata. i. Bry thront: Pe 26 oye eae. os: Erythronium Americanum. Coleosporium ochraceum Gon....... Agrimonia Eupatoria. In Melampsora as in Phragmidium the earlier state was referred to the genus Lecythea. The mature Melampsora is seldom deyeloped before the supporting leaf has fallen. Melampsora salicina Zev............ Willow leaves. M. populing: Mowe cht settee: Poplar leaves. Many of the species of Zrichobasis are now known to be earlier forms of species of Puccinia. The following have not yet been traced to their later state. Trichobasis Pyrole Berk .......... BEE TTS Pe secunida. sl hs liertiGobar Pies lec ca. Ui a's 5 Sikes Iris versicolor. In Uredo the spores are simple, usually globose and collected in yellow or orange-colored masses which are mostly small and dot-like. One species, U. duminata, is very detrimental to raspberry and black- ~ berry plants. Uredo Caryophyllacearum Johnst.... Caryophyllaceze. { Rubus villosus. : R. Canadensis. U. lnminataSehea 2 A328 J R. ee AE [ R. strigosus. i. Gitusm Serausa s,s date bas. os... Rose leaves. uh Solidaginis Schw............ Solidago and Aster leaves. Epilobium hirsutum. i. Dusteiatia Pere 25°28. 22nd } OM ns GEE U. Vaceinioram, Pers: 5.2. =. Vaccinium corymbosum. Ww: IPG ISCHID oc tole vs bk se «Dp Azalea nudiflora. U. Leda ie sa xincts hai no aeth Ledutm tatifolium. io Himpetee PACs cstte. aerate a= sate Empetrum nigrum. ul. Smilacis: Ses. 2 v2: kt 0 eed Lilium Canadense. U. Pier tins PCa Be in ws tes sam al ws Cystopteris fragilis. U. A SDIGTO RE Een, sires Als als: anak Phegopteris Dryopteris. U. PeGlL ERIM mn bhase einem alecs'a Amphicarpe monoica. 76 TWENTY-NINTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. In Cystopus the spores are white, hence these fungi are sometimes called white rusts. ( Capsella Bursa-pastoris. Sisymbrium oflicinale. Cystopus candidus Zev............ Tepidinin Virgin | Dentaria diphylla ete. C. EDUITCC TEE age RR Pag a Tragopogon porrifolius. C. MOSM AC IC st cine ree Portulaca oleracea. C. Bplamlosusde ls. uch ahcacmar’ Cirsium arvense. C. LSI TMs: GR eere amet os .... Amarantus retroflexus. The AXcidiacei or Cluster-cup fungi consist essentially of small cup-shaped or cylindrical receptacles which contain the mostly yellow or orange-colored simple spores. These cups are sometimes scattered over the leaves but they are more frequently clustered together on discolored spots. In Restelia they are lacerated and the spores brownish, except in R. aurantiaca in which they are orange. In “&cidium the eups.are scolloped or toothed on the margin. In Peridermium they rupture irregularly and occur only on Coniferze. Reestelia lacerata Sow | Amelanchier Canadensis. anaes ** | Crateegus (various species). R eM iea Fal 1 Amelanchier Canadensis. SUA Sime eee soar hese eo Cala Parag | Pyrus Americana. nk, AUTANIACH teens et eek 1 Amelanchier Canadensis. Crateegus (various species). AKcidium clematitatum Schw ....... Clematis Virginiana. AE. quadritidumy 2G 22 bi. 20 ale Anemone nemorosa. AK. Hanunculy Sevw ic Sin... = Ranunculus abortivus. LK. Ranunculacearum DC ...... Ranunculacez. . AA. Ativalnetrt GMED siete mis whee 2'x she - tue Walt Goel ones 4 x cis Caltha palustris. AK. Berberidis 2767s xe ithe os wooed Berberis vulgaris. AE. podophyllatum Schw........ Podophyllum peltatum. Ak. Wace (SGU aie occa ani wees Viola pubescens. AE. Marize-Wilsoni Pk ......... We cucullata. Ab. hypericatum Schw.......... Hypericum mutilum. AK. claytoniatum Schw ......... Claytonia Caroliniana. ZA. GermiitieeG c2 eter. saan ees Geranium maculatum. Ah. impatientatum Schw........ Impatiens pallida. LK. Grassulil L679 os wae erate os Rhamnus catharticus. AA. Oroliy, PAG. 6a we Meeker es Trifolium repens. AK. album Clinton - 53... 0555 5s Vicia Americana. 7a0R Grossularke DC 5. soe oe 25 Ribes leaves. Ak. Bpilopiiwe 4.0 sate ae (£nothera biennis. AK. Ciinothertss PG iccas tem. ¢ 5 a REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. T AXcidium Nese Ger.......+...06+ Neszea verticillata. fk. Osmiorrhimesii 28 ces 5s. Osmorrhiza brevistylis. AK. sambuciatum Schw......... Sambucus Canadensis. AA. houstoniatum Schw........ eyes mek AK. Compositarum Mart ........ Composite. A. asteratum Schw............. Aster cordifolius. ‘ ron annuum. Ak. erigerontatum Schw ....... 5 Pe oe Piel, AE. tracheliifoliatum Schw... ... Helianthus divaricatus. AB. gnaphaliatum Schw......... Gnaphalium polycephalum. fh. fenue Sek. US cae oaks’ Eupatorium ageratoides. AB. ptatices Des tun. thutts ve we Statice Limonium. Ad. lysimachiatum Zk.......... Lysimachia quadrifolia. AA. Chelonisi. tis sas adere oo ne vc Chelone glabra. AK. penstemoniatum Schw ...... Penstemon pubescens. AK. Gerardie Pk ...... gat Gerardia quercifolia. AB. MismGhise 2G 5 & cjps.ce Secor a Labiatee. AB. Bycopt Gethin elas. sac. 4 4 Lycopus Europeeus. AB. Hydrophytlt Pits -i2 oor t Hydrophyllum Canadense. AB. dubium Clinton ........... Calystegia Sepium. AE. PRARUNN CHIR. 52.7 liokd J. ai Fraxinus Americana. 7a 0p Alleni Clinton: 00 oes nas Shepherdia Canadensis. AB. pustulatum Curt ..........- Comandra umbellata. AA. hydnoideum B. & C........ Direa palustris. LE. Huphorbies Pere vest. Fas. - ss Euphorbia hypericifolia. re eeiemicrs AIC.) kale. ee tk: Urtica dioica. A. Convallariz Schum ........ Lilium Canadense. A. myricatum Schw....2...... Myrica cerifera. fA. dracontiatum Schw ........ Ty ee dailies, AK. aroidatum Sch. ...% 2... Peltandra Virginica. AB. TridisnGepat tet aint Aleta. Iris versicolor. » A. macrosporuim, PR. isd s.0. 6.3% Smilax rotundifolia. A. uvulariatum Schw.......... Uvularia sessilifolia. Peridermium Cerebrum Pk ........ Pinus rigida. iE: colummarerv A Fig. roy ey Leal amded be ete da dq 09 08 Cw woe or 6. ~I 9. 10. sai F . Five spores < 400. 16. LE: 18. 19. Ww ww WwW a EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. AGARICUS PUBESCENTIPES Peck. Page 39. . A small plant. . A plant of medium size, showing the lamelle. . Four spores « 400. CHONDRIODERMA Micwetu Lib. Page 46. . Four plants attached to a piece of grass leaf. . Two plants enlarged, one showing the upper, the other the under surface of the flattened peridium. Four spores x 400. MerLANCONIUM PALLIDUM Peck. Page 49. . Piece of a branch bearing the fungus; the epidermis removed from one end. . Six spores « 400. CLASTERISPORIUM UNCINATUM Clinton. Page 50. Piece of a leaf bearing the fungus. Three spores * 400. UstTitAGo MonraAaGneEl Tul. var. MAJOR Desi. Page 51. Upper part of a plant, with the heads affected by the fungus. PEzIzZA IMPERIALIS Peck. Page 54. . A small plant. . A larger plant. . A paraphysis and an ascus containing spores K 400. GEOGLOSSUM VELUTIPES Peck. Page 65, 28th Report. Two plants of ordinary size. A single hair x 400. Two paraphyses and an ascus containing spores 400. Three spores « 400. GEOGLOSSUM NIGRITUM Pers. Page 53. . Two plants of ordinary size. . Two paraphyses and an ascus containing spores K 400 . Two spores X 400. ror Ne ay ne 7 ar ae a { devs Th od al t il Stans at ane 119 wl mead eiriliqg so Disp ade ‘panei v0 Ti vill 4 - te , sy ipa te Heleva! cbren'Y, : (Hike # tet anil uae 17 Tae OL oR tas hig ter hg \ pevibliew Gip ss Owenielea on >» Rit 4 yeh eines eyed ae misty ors ° Me tyr , : . cole Aan Ae Pe pong! Cc" b ae are ert eine RE ey a is a ; fe ae -- EXPLANATION OF PLATE II. HYGROPHORUS SPECIOSUS Peck. Page 48. Fig. 1. A small plant, with the pileus not fully expanded, Fig. 2. A plant of ordinary size, with the pileus expanded. Fig. 3. Vertical section of a pileus. Fig. 4. Transverse section of a stem. Fig. 5. Four spores x 400. Peckia Ciintonn Peck. Page 47. Fig. 6. A leaf bearing the fungus. Fig. 7. A perithecium and fragment of leaf enlarged. Fig. 8. Three strings of spores x 400. Fig. 9. Six spores x 400. P£z1ZA BRONCA Peck. Page 54. Fig. 10. A plant of ordinary size. Fig. 11. A paraphysis and an ascus containing spores x 400. Fig. 12. Three spores x 400. LYCOPERDON CONSTELLATUM Fr. Page 46. Fig. 13. A small plant; part of the spines removed, to show the reticulated surface. Fig. 14. Five spores x 400. SPHERELLA COLORATA Peck. Page 62. Fig. 15. A leaf bearing the fungus. Fig. 16. Two asci containing spores x 400. Fig. 17. Four spores X 400. HELMINTHOSPORIUM EPISPH#ZRICUM Cooke & Peck. Page 52. Fig. 18. Piece of a branch bearing the fungus. Fig. 19. Two flocci « 400. Fig. 20. Two spores « 400. VALSA OCINCTULA Cooke & Peck. Page 59. Fig. 21. Piece of a branch bearing the fungus. Fig. 22. A single pustule enlarged. Fig. 23. An ascus containing spores x 400. Fig. 24. Four spores x 400. Puccointa PHYSOSTEGLHZ Peck & Clinton. Page 50. Fig. 25. A leaf bearing the fungus. 2 Fig. 26. Two spores x 400. ——_) -=_ — State. Mus. Nat. Hist. 29 ———— bie Sr. sane aa ee 4 sf) Parsons & Co ith.of Weed, F + sak a a i Co Ge Ce a ae TNS eyesresese SSS eee ara carp \ A “i WEE : u ile) _ TMmaTieTH REGENTS REPORT. an = “K iain a Pe a - a8 ' a. te) REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. we PP es ae \“ 30 Kea { S. B. Wootworrtu, LL. D., Secretary of the Board of Regents of the University: Srr.—Since the date of my last report, specimens of one hundred and sixty-five species of plants have been mounted and placed in the Herbarium, of which one hundred and thirty were not before represented therein. A list of these is marked (1). Specimens have been collected in the counties of Albany, Essex, Greene, Hamilton, Otsego, Rensselaer and Saratoga. These represent one hundred and thirty-two species new to the Herbarium, one hundred and twenty-nine of which are. fungi. Of these, sixty-nine are regarded as new or previously unde- scribed species. A list of plants collected is marked (2). Specimens of thirty-six New York species, new to the Herba- rium and not among my collections of the past season, have been furnished by correspondents. These added to those col- lected make the whole number of additions one hundred and sixty-eight. There are besides a considerable number of extra- limital contributions. A list of the contributors and their con- tributions is marked (38). New species with their descriptions and previously unre- ported species are given in a section marked (4). Newstations of rare plants, remarks and observations are given in a section marked (5). While on a collecting trip in the Adirondack region, in July -and August, my attention was repeatedly arrested by the extensive ravages of the spruce-destroying beetle, Hylurgus rujfipennis Kirby, of which a partial account was given in the twenty-eighth report. The green slopes of Mt. Emmons, com- monly called Blue Mountain, and of several mountains to the north of it had their beauty, and their value too, greatly impaired by the abundant intermixture of the brown tops of dead spruces. The destruction was also visible along the road between Newcomb and Long Lake, and on the mountain slopes D4 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. far to the north of this road. Again, on the trail from Adiron- dack to Calamity Pond, there was sad evidence that the little destroyer had invaded also the forests of Essex county. From what I have seen at Lake Pleasant, in the southern part, and in the vicinity of Long Lake, in the northern part, and from information concerning the Cedar river region, in the central part of Hamilton county, there is reason to believe that much of the spruce timber of this county has already been invaded by the beetle. How much farther this destructive work has extended, or will extend, it is impossible to say. But one thing is certain, it is still in progress. For the purpose of gaining more knowledge of the insect, I cut down, at South Pond, a tree that had recently been attacked by it. It was about twenty inches in diameter at the base; the foliage was still fresh and green, and there was nothing, except the perforations in the bark, to indicate that it was at all affected. The bark peeled from the trunk without much difficulty, the sap wood was perfectly sound, and the heart wood also, except a small portion in which there was a slight appearance of inci- pient decay. Longitudinal furrows, varying from one to six inches in length, were found under the bark, and each furrow was occupied by one or two beetles. The furrows are excavated from below upwards. In the short ones but one beetle was found, and but one perforation communicating with the external air. In the longer ones two beetles (probably the two sexes), were usually found, and from two to four perforations afforded means of ingress and egress. The lowest perforation, which is the one by which the beetle first enters and commences its fur- row, is often found closed or ‘‘ blocked up’’ by the dust and debris thrown down by the excavator in the progress of the work. The second perforation is generally one or two inches above the first. I failed to discover whether it is made by the second beetle for the purpose of ingress or by the first beetle. The third and fourth perforations are in a nearly direct line above the other two and are probably made from within outwardly, but for what purpose is uncertain. In one instance the two beetles were found at work making these perforations, boring through from the inner surface of the bark. In one instance the third was less than half an inch above the second, so that there would seem to be no particular necessity for it. REPORT OF THE BOoTANIST. 25 »The eggs of the insect are deposited along both sides of the , upper part of the furrow. They lie close together, almost or quite in contact with each other. When the larve emerge from the eggs they begin to feed upon the soft cambium and to work their way under the bark at right angles to the main furrow. They are, at first, so minute and work so close together that they make no distinct furrows but seem rather to devour entirely a very thin layer of the cambium. But as they increase in size they begin gradually to form distinct furrows and to take directions more divergent from each other and from their original course. In this way colonies from contiguous furrows at length run together and in time the whole trunk is sur- rounded by their multitudinous pathways, and the death of the tree is accomplished. Great care is taken by the parent beetles to keep ¢heir furrows separate. No instance was observed in which they ran together. In one instance the course of a furrow was changed to avoid running into the lateral furrows of a colony of larve just above. No furrows were found in the tree more than ten or twelve feet from its base, thus indicating that the attacks are made upon the lower part of the trunk. The attacks are not made simultaneously. Some of the furrows in this tree were scarcely more than an inch long, and evidently had been just commenced. Others were fully excavated and contained eggs, and in others still the larvee had hatched and commenced their work, but in none were they fully grown. In another tree, a few rods distant from the first, the attack had evidently been made earlier in the season, for the larvee were farther advanced in size and the bark, on one side of the tree was well loosened, though, strange to say, the otherside of the trunk was comparatively unharmed. I was unable to discover why, in this instance, the attack was limited to one side of the trunk. It is pretty evident, there- fore, that the trees are attacked all along during the months of June and July and possibly as lateas August. I suspect, also, that the parent beetle, after having established a colony in one place may emerge from her furrow to repeat the operation in another place, either in the same trunk or in a different one, but this I was not able to ascertain definitely. A whitish fungus, Polyporus volvatus Pk., scarcely larger than a hickory nut, occurs in considerable abundance on the 26 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. trunks of spruces killed by this beetle. The mycelium of the* fungus grows beneath the bark, and the external plant is con nected with it through the. perforations made by the insect. Hence this fungus becomes a conspicuous indicator of the track of the beetle and tells the tale of its destructive power. (1.) PLANTS MOUNTED. Not new to the Herbarium. Nuphar Kalmiana Pwrsh. Xanthoxylum Americanum Ceanothus Americanus Z. Melilotus officinalis Wid/d. M. alba Lam. Desmodium acuminatum DC. Aster puniceus Z. Solidago gigantea A7?. Taraxacum Dens-leonis Des/. Azalea viscosa L. Nemopanthes Canadensis DC. Allium vineale Z. Scirpus maritimus L. Oryzopsis Canadensis Zorr. Agrostis scabra Willd. Agaricus cesareus Scop. A. granulosus Batsch. A; mollis Scheff. A. vulgaris Pers. A. Orcella Bull. Cantharellus cinnabarinus Merulius bellus B. & C. Tremellodon gelatinosum Pe7s. Thelephora caryophyllea 77. Clavaria Botrytis Pers. Solenia ochracea Hoff. Tremella Fungicola Ph. Lycoperdon pusillum 47. Phoma Verbascicola Schw. Nemaspora Russeilii B. & C. Melanconium bicolor JVees. Cladosporium Herbarum Lik. Helotium rugipes PA. Diatrype prominens Howe. Valsa nivea F7. New to the Herbarium. Omphalaria pulvinata V2Z. Agaricus Peckii Howe. transmutans PA. sapidus Aalehb. tremulus Scheff. abundans PA. citrinellus Pers. Stylobates Pers. pubescentipes PA. pruinatipes PA. teneroides Px. placomyces Px. squalidellus Px. elongatipes Pk. atomatoides PA. ae incertus Pk. Coprinus pulchrifolius PA. C. plumbeus Px. Cortinarius splendidus Px. Or sphagnophilus PA. C. robustus PA. Gomphidius rhodoxanthus pipe’ pte lg ete lous REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. Hygrophorus speciosus Ph. Lactarius subpurpureus PA. is parvus Pk. Marasmius spongiosus B ¢& C. Boletus badius “7. parasiticus Bal. Russellii 77ost. Peckii Fost. nigrellus Pk. Ravenelii B. & C. griseus Fost. Corticium sulphureum “7. Exobasidium Cassandree Ph. RHO h Lycoperdon constellatum 77. L. coloratum PA. Chondrioderma Michelii Zid. Lamproderma physaroides Phoma nebulosum Berk. Cryptosporium Caricis Cd. C. Noveboracense B. & C. Melasmia alnea Zev. Peckia Clintonii PA. lms Sarracenie P. & C. Vermicularia concentrica Excipula leucotricha PA. Septoria cerasina Ph. eS. Polygale P. & C. S. emaculata P. & C. SF difformis C. & P. 8. Ulmi ze. Discella Kalmize Pk. I); Platani Ph. dy. macrosperma Pk. Melanconium pallidum P24. Sporidesmium concinnum Clasterisporium uncinatum Puccinia Calthe Lh. a Gentian Strauss. Pp: Physostegie P. & C. Uromyces Claytonie C. & P. Ustilago Candollei 7%7. 27 Graphiola Pheenicis Poir. Stilbum vulgare Zode. S. smaragdinum A. & 8. EKpicoccum neglectum Desm. AKgerita candida Pers. Periconia truncata C. & P. Ee corticalis C. & P. Cercospora Calle P. & C. Helminthosporium odsporum HH. episphericum C. & P. Polyactis pulvinata B. &. C. Ramularia Nemopanthis Stysanus Stemonitis Cd. Dactylium roseum Berk. Fusisporium phyllogenum like parasiticum PA. Chetomium funicolum C%. Uncinula geniculata Ger. Peziza imperialis Pk. griseo-rosea (er. bronca Pk. longipes C. & P. Pinastri C. & P. agrostina Pk. Thalictri PA. virginella Ch. ; subtilissima CA. Helotium hydrogenum Px. Ascobolus ciliatus Schw. i: furfuraceus Pers. Stictis versicolor F’. 8. filicina Ph. Tympanis gyrosa B. & C. Hypocrea Patella C. & P. ee: chromosperma C. & P. HH, apiculata C. & P. Hypomyces transformans PA. Melogramma superficialis Px. Dothidea filicina 47. Diatrype Smilacicola Schw. | Cephalanthi Schoo. vee ae oma 28 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE StatTE MUSEUM. Valsa Linder Pk. Vv. Fraxinicola C. & P. Vi: cinctula C. & P. We tumidula C. & P. ¥. trichispora C. & P. yy. leptasca P. & C. Spheeria ceesariata C. & P. S exilis A. & S. S. spermoides Hoffm. S. salebrosa C. & P. S recessa C. & P. S obducens #7. Ah wh th TR oD th Spheria obtusissima B. & C. interstitialis C. & P. squalidula C. & P. Fimeti Pers. spiculosa Pers. ceanothina Pk. melanassa Pk. > fulgida C. & P. minutella Px. culmifraga Desm. Collinsii Scho. Shas ella colorata PA. (2. ) PLANTS COLLECTED. Trifolium hybridum ZL. Lonicera Tartarica Z. Crepis aurantiaca LZ. Agaricus striatifolius PA. apertus PA. peltigerinus Px. flavidellus Pk. striatulus #7. subareolatus Pk. conigenoides #//is. delicatellus Pk. odorifer Px. longistriatus Pk. ophiopus PA. angustipes Ph. indecens Pk. contrarius Pk. umbonatescens P#. lacrymabundus A’. Candolleanus Fr. limophilus PA. arenulinus P#. Pe ee ee ee graciloides PA. polytrichophilus P#. Cortinarius craticius FY”. C. regularis Pk. Marasmius preeacutus 4 J/is. Panus torulosus A’. Boletus viscosus /A’ost. Polyporus osseus Aalchor. iP: dualis Pk. legs nidulans A’. if fragans Pk. re albellus PA. re connatus Weinm. Hydnum Weinmanni 47. Irpex obliquus /7. 1 & fuscoviolaceus FA7. i sinuosus A’. Radulum orbiculare Fr. Phlebia merismoides /7. Grandinia rudis P*. Thelephora speciosa /7. Hymenocheete spreta PA. HH, agglutinans # dis. Corticium quercinum “7. C. lacteum “7. C. Sambuci FA’. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. Corticium Martianum ZB. & C. C. suffocatum PA. Cyphella griseopallida Wein. Clavaria typhuloides PA. Pistillaria coccinea Cd. Tremella intumescens Sov. Nematelia cerebriformis H dis. Dacrymyces minor P. Bovista pila B. & C. Amaurochete atra A. & VS. Physarum luteolum Pk. Et albicans Pk. Diachza splendens Ps. Trichia fallax Pers. Clathroptychium rugulosum — Nidularia pulvinata Schw. Leptrostroma lineare PA. Spheronema Robine B. & C. S. aurantiacum Pk. Spheropsis minima B. & C. Acrospermum graminum Lid. Excipula lanuginosa PA. Discella Canadensis Ph. D. arida Pk. | Melanconium intermedium PA. Torula curvata PA. Melampsora Epilobii /cA/. Uredo Cassandre P. & C. Puccinia orbicula P. & C. Helminthosporium Absinthii Cladosporium nodulosum Cd. Ramularia brunnea PA. Cercospora Symplocarpi Px. C. leptosperma P. a: Ampelopsidis PA. C. Chenopodii ch. Peronospora alta (ek. -, infestans De By. Dactylium sublutescens Pk. Oidium albipes PA. O. fasciculatum Berk. Capillaria Spherie-ty phine Menispora ciliata Cd. Fusisporium rimosum PA. Zygodesmus pannosus B. & C. Z. rubiginosus Pk. Morchella deliciosa F’7. Peziza Warnei Px. deligata Pk. myricacea Pk. bicolor Bull. sulphurella Pk. distincta Ph. capitata Ph. chameleontina Pk. Polygoni Rehm. Helotium caricinellum PA. EE bryogenum PA. Dermatea carpinus /7. D. inclusa Pk. Stictis cylindricarpa PA. Ascobolus viridis Curr. A. crenulatus “arst. Tympanis turbinata Schw. Glonium simulans Ger. Hypoderma Desmazierii Duby. Hypomyces ochraceus 77. Hypoxylon suborbiculare Ph. Dothidea Caricis /’7. De Osmunde P. & C. D. epispheria Pk. | Diatrype ferruginea Fr. Valsa Juglandicola Sch. V. innumerabilis Pk. Lophiostoma obtectum P#. Spheerella Vaccinii Ch. 8. Impatientis P. & C. Spheeria exercitalis Ph. 8. spherellula Px. 8. Clasterium B. & C. S. viridella Pk. 8. scapophila Pk. Pyrenophora phzocomes F7. Peo ene eames 30 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. (3. ) CONTRIBUTORS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS. M. C. Cooker, London, England. | Leptostroma juncinum /7. 1, filicinum 7’. Leptothyrium Ribis Zid. iE: Fragarie Lib. Te: Juglandis Lid. Dinemasporium Herbarum Ch. Apospheeria acuta Berk. 3@ complanata Berk. Septoria Ulmi ze. Convolvuli Desm. ‘Clematidis Desm. Viburni West. Gei Desi. Hederee Desm. Oxyacanthe (ze. Castanecola Lasch. Astragali Desm. Ficarie Duby. Hydrocotyles Duby. Pyricola Desm. Chelidonii Desm. (gopodii Desm. Phyllosticta vulgaris Desm. Pp. Atriplicis Desi. Phoma Samarorum Desm. AA DINM DMD in WM wn tp Ceuthospora phacidioides Geo. Asteroma Rose DC. Xenodochus carbonarius Sch . Aregma mucronatum F’. A. obtusatum #77. A. acuminatum F7. A. bulbosum /’7. Triphragmium Ulmarize ZA. Puccinia Sanicule Grev. iE: bullaria Lk. PR. Anemones Pers. Puccinia Nolitangeris Cd. Violarum Lh. le Lychnidearum Zh. P pulverulenta Geo. P Circe Geo. . P. Prunorum Lf. P. _—- Polygonorum ZA. i Primula Greov. ie Glechomatis DC. P Menthe Pers. P Comp. v. Centauree Schl. iy os serratule Schl. Ee Syngenesiarum Lh. Jags Umbelliferarum Zk. P BP P Er P P P P P Pp U rv Apii Cd. Vince Berk. Umbilici Guep. Graminis Pers. Veronicarum DC. Meehbringii F’ckl. difformis (ze. Scorodonie Lk. Tanaceti DC. Buxt DE. romyces Iridis Lee. U. Polygoni Lev. UD: intrusus Lev. UU; Ulmariz Lev. inp concentricus Lev. Trichobasis Senecionis Berk. i Labiatarum Leo. T. Cichoracearum Lev. Tr: Hydrocotyles Ck. Tr Betz Lev. Ale Fabe Lev. es Galii Lev. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 31 Trichobasis Parnassize Ck. dig caricina Berk. iF. Petroselini Berk. gs fallens Ch. ii Rumicum DC. a. Geranii Berk. dW Umbellatarum Ze». Tilletia caries 727. Urocystis pompholygodes Le. Ustilago segetum Ditin. U. Salvei Berk. UW longissima 7%. Ul. utriculosa 7?z/. Lecythea gyrosa Lev. L. Euphorbie Lev. a. Valerian Lev. Uredo confluens DC. U. Circeee A. & 8. WU: pustulata Pers. U. Caryophyllacearum Coleosporium Sonchi Lev. C. Tussilaginis Lev. oH ochraceum Bon. C. Rhinanthacearum. Cystopus candidus Lev. C. spinulosus De By. cH Sy Bt By By Be By by By By be Be By Melampsora salicina Leo. M. populina Zev. M. Tremulee 7?/. Roestelia cornuta 7%. Aicidium crassum Pers. Euphorbie Pers. Epilobii DC. leucospermum DC. Grossularize DC. Comp. v. Tussilaginis. Lampsane. “s Bellidis. Saniculee Carm. Allii Grev. Valerianacearum Duby. rubellum Pers. Berberidis Pers. Periclymeni DC. Ranunculacearum DC. Tragopogonis Pers. Peronospora infestans De By. YP: parasitica Cd. Microsphera comata Leo. Erysiphe Linkii Leo. E. tortilis Leo. C. B. PLowrient, M. D., Lynn, England. Agaricus muscarius L. granulosus Batsch. ustalis 77. cyathiformis Bull. galericulatus Scop. fascicularis Huds. virginicus Jacq. Cantharellus cibarius Fr. Marasmius oreades /7. Panus stypticus /7. PERE bb Polyporus perennis 77. P: squamosus 477. Pe. adustus #77. iP hirsutus /’7. Pp: versicolor /7. Deedalea unicolor 77. D. quercina #7. Trametes Pini 77%. dl ee suaveolens Fr. Merulius lacrymans 7’. 32 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Hydnum repandum Z. Fistulina hepatica #7. Craterellus flavescens. Hymenochete rubiginosa Zev. Corticium quercinum FY. C. comedens Fr. C. Sambuci Fr. CG incarnatum A’. Clavaria flava Pers. Scleroderma vulgare 7. Lycoperdon celatum Bul. Lycogala epidendrum /7. Spumaria alba DC. Diderma vernicosum Pers. Didymium farinaceum /7. Arcyria punicea Pers. Cyathus striatus Hoffm. ey. Crucibulum Pers. Spheerobolus stellatus Zode. Leptostroma litigiosum Desm. Cryptosporium Neesii Cd. Phoma subordinarium Desm. P.. errabundum Desm. P. complanatum Desm. Pe longissimum Pers. ir. Samarorum Desm. Diplodia Ligustri Azd. PP. Fraxini /7. D. melena Lev. BD: Coryli Ack. D: Syringe Awd. iby Mori A2od. ADE Juglandis /’r. Hendersonia Rosze Azd. Rubi Azd. Corni (chi. Vermicularia Dematium F’7. Melasmia alnea Lev. M. acerina Led. Piggotia astroidea Berk. Septoria Hederee Desm. Ha fa J DUPE SP SN TORRE ER aE BEBE Septoria quercina Desm. Aceris B. & Br. Oxyacanthe “Aze. Ulmi #7. Anemones “ck. Stellarie West. Astragali Lasch. Castanezecola Desm. Ficarie Desm. Fraxini Desm. igopodil Desm. Hepaticee Desm. Convolvuli Desm. Tilia Desm. Urticee Desm. eile teres Cornicola Rbh. Primulecola Desm. Symphoricarpi West. epazea populina /ck/. Vincetoxici Schud. Frondicola /7. (Enothere Lasch. juglandina /’r. eruenta F’7. /Esculicola Fr. Darhues filum Cast. Ascochyta Polygoni Rbk. AY: Ebuli Ack. 725 Rubi Lasch. Asteroma Rose DC. A. Ulmi £7. A: Hoffmani ze. Discella carbonacea B. & Br. Stilbospora angustata Pers. Stegonosporium cellulosum Cd. Libertella betulina Desm. Melanconium Juglandis (ze. M. spherospermum LA. M. bicolor /Vees. M. macrospermum 7%. Coryneum pulvinatum “ze. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. on Coryneum disciforme ze. Bispora monilioides Cd. Cytispora elegans Ces. C. populina /’7. Synchytrium Succise De By. S. Anemones Wor. Puccinia Tanaceti DC. Hieracii Wart. Prunorum Lk. Menthe Pers. coronata Cd. obtegens Zw. Lampsanee /’ck/. Bardane Cd. Cirsii Lasch. Luzule Lid. Caricis Fckl. Aigopodii Lk. Glechomee DC. Compositarum Sch. Syngenesiarum. Malvacearum Mont. Straminis F’ckl. Asparagi DC. arundinacea Hedw. Brachypodii ck. Graminis Pers. Amphibii F'cki. apiculatum dh. incrassatum Lk. romyces Ficarie Lev. Polygoni Fckl. Viciee Pek. Trifolii /ek/. apiculatus Leo. Bete Kuhn. scutellatus AZ. pee Carbo Tw. longissima 7?21. hypodytes #7. 3 CUNY WHH HHH peg ta ote hragmidium Tormentille Cd. Uredo Filicum Desm. 10,8 Vacciniorum Pers. U: arundinacea bh. Coleosporium Compositarum C. Campanulacearum /7. C. Senecionis /7. C. ochraceum on. Melampsora Lini Desm. Tremule 70. Kpilobii “ex. salicina Leo. acerina Lev. betulina 77. Kuphorbie Cast. cidium Violee Schum. Xylostei Wadllr. Compositarum Jart. Berberidis Pers. Convallariz Schum. Tussilaginis Pers. Thesii Desv. Ranunculacearum DC. rubellum Pers. elongatum Zh. leucospermum DC. Kpilobii DC. Urtice DC. Behenis DC. Kuphorbie Pers. Reestelia cornuta 77. Cystopus candidus Lev. Ceratium hydnoides A. & 8. Cladosporium graminum Zh. eS Fumago Lk. Helminthosporium Tilize 47. ieee lal arundinaceum Cd. Oidium Tuckeri Berk. O. fructigenum /’7. Fusarium nervisequum feck. Ramularia Urtice Ces. Peronospora nivea Ung. 34 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Peronospora Alsinearum DeBy | Colpoma quercinum. E: grisea De By. i pygmea Ung. les parasitica Pers. E.. gangliformis Berk. Pilobolus crystallinus Zode. Spheerotheca pannosa Lev. S. Castagnei Lev. Microsphera Grossularie Lev. M. holosericea Lev. M. Berberidis Leo. M. penicillata Leo. Erysiphe Martii Lev. E. Linkii Leo. EK. communis Schl. Uncinula adunca Lev. LS, bicornis Lev. BIS Wallrothii Leo. Podospheera Kunzei Leo. Phyllactinia guttata Leo. Morchella esculenta Pers. Leotia lubrica Pers. ° Spathularia flavida Pers. Peziza badia Pers. aurantia 7. leporina Batsch. cinerea Ba/sch. Solani Pers. atrata Fr. fusca Pers. fusarioides Berk. Psendopeziza Trifolii Bernh. Helotium herbarum Pers. Lachnella corticalis Pers. Cenangium Cerasi 77. PUTO eee reece. C. ferruginosum F7. Phacidium coronatum /7. iP: minutissimum Arod. P. Medicaginis Lasch. Hysterium Pinastri 77. H. virgultorum DC, Dichena strobilina 777. Rhytisma salicinum 7. R. acerinum F’77. R. punctatum Pers. Epichloe typhina Berk. Nectria Peziza Fr. IN. pulicaris #7. N. ephispheria 77. Xylaria Hypoxylon Grev. ».% polymorpha Geo. Hypoxylon fuscum /7. Ustulina vulgaris 7. Kutypa flavovirens Zw. Melogramma ferrugineum Ve. Polystigma fulvuam DC. ie: rubrum DC. Dothidea Ulmi 77. 1D: Heraclei #'ckl. _ 1B graminis Pers. 1p: Junci F7. ib Ribesia F’77. Diatrype stigma /’r. D: favacea Fr. D. disciformis /’r. Dp: bullata 4’. Valsa suffusa 7%/.. xX. salicina Fr. V. nivea F7. V.. stellulata #7. Cucurbitaria Spartii De Vo’. C: Berberidis G7. C. Laburni /’7. Massaria inquinans Zode. M. pupula 727. Stegia [licis #7. Spheeria aquila A7. S. spermoides Hoffm. Ss pulvispyrius Pers. 8. coniformis #7. Ss clara Awd. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. Spheeria rubella Pers. Herbarum Pers. pilifera 77. ‘obducens Fr. Carduorum Wadlir. S. vulgaris Ces. Isothea pustula Berk. , Spheerella ignobilis Azod. 8. 8. 8. 8. 30 Spheerella Cookeana Avzod. 8. Populi Azod. S. microspora Atd. Venturia ditricha /7. Rophographus filicinus ck. Exoascus Populi 7hum. Calyptospora Goeppertiana Hon. G. W. CLinton, Buffalo, N. Y. Polyporus obducens /7. i. callosus Ff’. Pr. farinellus #7. Corticium Martianum 2. & C. C. ceruleum F7. Dacrymyces minor PA. Perichena irregularis B. & C. Phoma strobilinum P. & C. | Se stercorarium P. & C. Spheropsis Syringe P. & C. S. Pennsylvanica B. & C. Spheronema Robinia 2B. & C. Diplodia thujina P. & C. Melanconium intermedium - Septonema dicheenoides P. & C. Puccinia orbicula P. & C. P. Hydrophylli P. & ¢. Uredo Cassandre P. & C Trichobasis Fabe Lev. AKXcidium Sanicule Cam. Cladosporium depressum Verticillium pulvereum P. &C- Trichoderma viride Pers. Oidium fasciculatum Berk. Polyactis cana Berk. Peziza vulpina Ck. Fe maculincola Scho. le macrospora /’ckl. Patellaria lignyota Fr. Hysterium Rimincola Schw. lat truncatulum C. & P. Dothidea Osmunde P. & C. Valsa Juglandicola Schw. Cucurbitaria Berberidis G7. Spheeria Clintonii Px. S: onosmodina P. & C. S. Herbarum Pers. Spherella Impatientis P. & C C. C. Frost, Brattleborough, Vt. Marasmius erythropus 7. M. archyropus /7. Boletus viscosus “ost. B. salmonicolor Fost. Neematelia nucleata /F’. Endobotrya elegans B. & C. Ceratium porioides A. & S. Phymatospora leucosperma Peziza Acetabulum JZ. Patellaria lignyota 77. Spheeria scoriadea 47. E. S. Minter, Wading River, N. Y. Quercus obtusiloba Wz. (). monticola Mz, Carya tomentosa (Vutt. THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. H. A. WARNE, Oneida, N. Y. Viola Selkirkii Pursh. Agaricus naucinoides P#. i: personatus #7. ee eruginosus /7. Paxillus porosus Berk. Polyporous medullapanis 4’. Hydnum chrysodon Bb. & C Grandinia virescens Pk. Stereum rugosum #7. Clavaria amethystina Bud. Guepinia helvelloides DC W. R. GERARD, Ostropa cinerea Duby. Hysterium prelongum Sch2. ‘i. curvatum /7. 12k Rousselii De Vo. Bi. aquilinum Schwm. Erysiphe Liriodendri Schw. Morchella bispora Sor. M. semilibera DC. M. deliciosa F’7. Verpa digitaliformis Pers. Peziza sulcata Pers. FE Warnei Pk. Ascobolus crenulatus /arst. Patellaria leptosperma PA. Spheria xestothele B. & C. Discosia rugulosa B. & C. New ‘York, IN? ‘YW Hysterium parvulum Ger. fae australe Duby. H. ellipticum DC. Hypoderma nervisequum /’7. Glonium simulans Ger. J. B. Exuis, Newfield, N. J. Corticium fumigatum Thum. C. rubrocanum 7’hwm. Microthyrium Smilacis JVot. Phoma consors C. & #. Spheropsis Sumachi Schw. Melanconium Ramulorum Cd. Stilbum atrocephalum Zi/is. Septosporium velutinum C.¢ 4. Aspergillus pulvinatus B. & C. Cheetomium elatum /’ze. Peziza raphidospora Hidis. macrospora /’ck. lachnoderma Berk. virginella Ch. mycogena Hilis. : Kalmie PA. ermatea carnea C. & #. SHH Dermatea tetraspora Hillis. Stictis leucaspis H7/is. Triblidium minor C4. Diatrype Hystrix 7ode. iy. fibritecta C. & #. 1): collariata C. & #. D. dryophila Curr. Dothidea excavata C. & #. Valsa rufescens Schiu. Ws aculeans Sch. V. Liquidamberis Schw. Vi albofusca C. & Z. | Spheeria pachyascus C1 & #. S. viscosa C. & #. S. Radicum Seh. |S. goniostoma Schw. Prof. J. W. CutcKERING, Washington, D. C. Pinus mitis Mz. ' | Pinus inops A7z. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 37 W. M. Cansy, Wilmington, Del. Pinus Teeda Z. F. W. Hat, New Haven, Ct. Chenopodium leptophyllum Juiz. C. Drvot, M. D., Albany, N. Y. Laurus nobilis Z. Rosa Indica. Ulmus racemosa ? Specimens of wood of ....... W. W. Hitt, Albany, N. Y. Specimens of wood of: Rhus venenata DC. R. typhina Z. R. glabra Z. Rhus radicans LZ. Celastrus scandens Z. CZ SD te SPECIES NOT BEFORE REPORTED. © TRIFOLIUM HYBRIDUM JL. Portage. G. W. Clinton. North Greenbush. Perhaps not yet fully established. LONICERA TARTARICA ZL. I find this shrub growing on the railroad bank, one mile south of Greenbush. CREPIS AURANTIACA JL. Well established in fields and meadows. Sandlake. July. AGARICUS (TRICHOLOMA) STRIATIFOLIUS 2. Sp. Pileus dry, convex or expanded, nearly smooth, somewhat shining, often obscurely dotted or squamulose with innate fibrils, grayish or grayish-brown, sometimes tinged with red ; lamelle rather close, rounded behind, transversely striated or venose, white; stem slightly thickened at the base, hollow, white ; spores subglobose or broadly elliptical, .00016’*—. 0002’ long ; odor decided and peculiar, flesh white. Plant gregarious, 2’ high, pileus 2’-2.5’ broad, stem 3”-5’ thick. * One accent signifies inch or inches ; two accents signify line or lines. 38 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. ~ Ground in woods. Mechanicsville. October. The striated appearance of the lamelle is due to the presence of small transverse vein-like elevations. The stem is almost chalky-white. The odor is quite perceptible and peculiar. AGARICUS (CLITOCYBE) APERTUS %. Sp. Pileus convex, then expanded or centrally depressed, often irregular, whitish with a lilac tinge and often one or two darker zones, shining; lamelle close, adnate or slightly decurrent, whitish, often with a faint pinkish tinge ; stem short, equal or narrowed toward the base, solid, whitish; odor farinaceous, taste unpleasant. Plant gregarious or cespitose, 1-2’ high, pileus about 1’ broad, stem 1” thick. Grassy ground in pastures and along highways. Maryland, Otsego county. September. In the dried specimens the lamelle often assume a pale cin- namon hue. AGARICUS (CLITOCYBE) FLAVIDELLUS 2. sp. Pileus thin, convex, then expanded or centrally depressed, often irregular, hygrophanous, glabrous; lamelle narrow, crowded, adnate or subdecurrent; stem equal, glabrous, hollow. Plant gregarious, about 2’ high, pileus 1’ broad, stem 1.5’—2’ thick. . Wet swampy ground. Maryland. September. The whole plant hasa uniform dirty yellowish hue when fresh. The pileus becomes whitish in drying. AGARICUS (CLITOCYBE) PELTIGERINUS 7. Sp. ) Pileus nearly plane, smooth, umbilicate, hygrophanous, brown, striatulate on the margin when moist, whitish or pale- gray when dry; lamelle rather distant, sometimes branched, venose-connected, decurrent, a little paler than the moist pileus; stem nearly equal, rather firm, solid, smooth, paler than the pileus, often with a minute white tomentum toward the base ; spores elliptical, .0003’ long, with a slight apiculus at the base. Plant 6’-10" high, pileus 2’-5” broad, stem less than 1” thick. On decaying Peltigera. Oneida. H. A. Warze. North Greenbush. May. : A small species remarkable for its peculiar habitat. Some- times the stems of two or three plants are united at the base, thus manifesting a tendency to become cespitose. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 39 AGARICUS (COLLYBIA) CONIGENOIDES #/dis. Buried pine cones. West Albany. October. The pileus in our specimens is fuscous, being darker than in the type. It seems to be near A. semiherens B. & C., if not indeed the same species. AGARICUS (COLLYBIA) DELICATELLUS 2. Sp. Snowy-white throughout, smooth, subcespitose ; pileus con- vex or broadly campanulate, submembranaceous, slightly thicker on the disk ; lamelle narrow, close, emarginate ; stem slender, equal, hollow, slightly white-villous at the base. Plant 1’ high, pileus 2’-3” broad, stem .5” thick. Among fallen leaves. North Greenbush. September. From the character of the lamelle it is evidently a Collybia but the substance is rather tender. AGARICUS (MYCENA) ODORIFER 2. Sp. Pileus thin, hemispherical, convex or expanded, smooth, white, the disk slightiy tinged with brown ; lamelle: subarcu- ate, adnate or subdecurrent, somewhat crenulate on the edge, white ; stem tough, equal, viscid, smooth, whitish or pale- brownish, white-villous at the base ; spores narrowly elliptical, .0002’ long ; odor strong, subalkaline, for a long time persistent. Plant 1’-1.5’ high, pileus 3’—4" broad. Mossy ground. Adirondack Mts. July. Apparently near A clavicularis Fr., but smaller and easily known by its decided and peculiar odor which is retained by the dried specimens for a long time. AGARICUS (PLEUROTUS) SUBAREOLATUS 7. Sp. Pileus compact, convex, marginate behind, whitish tinged with brown and pink, usually cracking in small maculiform areas ; lamelle rather broad and loose, decurrent, whitish, becoming tinged with yellow in drying; stem eccentric, sub- vertical, short, curved, firm, solid, sometimes compressed, white ; spores white, oblong, .0005’—.0006’ in length. Pileus 3’—4’ broad. Trunks of elm trees. Bethlehem. October. Apparently related to A. pulviizatus Pers. AGARICUS STRIATULUS Fr. Decaying trunks of pine. North Greenbush. October. Buffalo. CUinton. 4() THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. AGARICUS (PLUTEUS) LONGISTRIATUS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, convex, then expanded, dry, striate to the disk, cinereous, the disk darker and minutely roughened with hairs or squamules ; lamellz broad, at length ventricose, free, white, then flesh-colored ; stem equal, glabrous, white ; spures orbicu- lar, .0003’ in diameter. Plant 2’ high, pileus 1’-1.5’ broad, stem 1” thick. Decaying wood. Albany. July. AGARICUS (PHOLIOTA) ANGUSTIPES 2. Sp. . Pileus hemispherical, then convex or expanded, at first brown, then fading to ochraceous-brown or subalutaceous and becoming minutely squamulose with appressed dot-like scales ; lamelle narrowed outwardly, emarginate, whitish or dull cream color; stem stuffed, tapering downward, whitish or cin- ereous, roughened with darker scales which at first form a crenate annulus at the upper part; spores brownish-ferru- ginous, subelliptical, .0003’ long, .00018’ broad ; flesh white. Plant ceespitose, 2’-3’ high, pileus 1.5’-2.5’ broad, stem 2’-3” thick. In pastures about old stumps. Schenevus, Otsego county. September. ; The pileus is sometimes irregular from being crowded in its growth. The taste is unpleasant and the scales of the stem are somewhat evanescent. AGARICUS (PHOLIOTA) TNDECENS 2. sp. Pileus convex, then expanded or centrally depressed, smooth, rather brittle, hygrophanous, pale-fuscous and usually striatu- late on the margin when moist, alutaceous inclining to ochrace- ous when dry; lamelle close, emarginate with a decurrent tooth, pale-brown, becoming cinnamon-brown ; stem equal or slightly tapering upward, silky-fibrillose, hollow, annulate, pallid, the thin membranaceous annulus sometimes evanescent; spores unequally elliptical, .0005’-.0006’ long, .00025’-.0003’ broad. Plant gregarious or ceespitose, 1'-2’ high, pileus 1’-2’ broad, stem 1’-2” thick. Ground in bushy pastures. North Greenbush. September. It resembles somewhat A. Aggericola Pk., but it is smaller, paler, not viscid and has longer spores. The edge of the lamel- lee is sometimes eroded. — REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 4] AGARICUS (NAUCORIA) CONTRARIUS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, convex, then plane or centrally depressed, some- times umbilicate and striate on the margin, glabrous, alutace- ous ; lamellze loose, adnate, very broad behind, becoming ventricose and subtriangular, ochraceous; stem equal, hollow, reddish or reddish-brown, adorned with a few silky-fibrils and minute fragments of the white floccose veil; spores yellow, elliptical, .0003’ long, .0002’ broad. Plant’ gregarious or subceespitose, about 1’ high, pileus 6’-10" broad. Grassy ground in pastures. Schenevus and West Albany. September. The color of the pileus fades a little with age, but the bright color of the lamelle is retained longer. There is usually an abundant white mycelium at the base of the stem. Often min- ute fragments of the floccose veil may be seen on the margin of the young pileus. AGARICUS (STROPHARIA) UMBONATESCENS 2. Sp. Pileus at first conical, subacute, then expanded and umbon- ate, smooth, viscid, yellow, the umbo inclining to reddish; lamellee plane, broad, at length ventricose, blackish-brown with a slight olivaceous tint; stem equal, slender, hollow, generally a little paler than the pileus; spores purplish-brown, almost black, .0006’—-0007’ long, .0004’ broad. Plant 3’-4’ high, pileus 6"-12" broad. Dung in pastures. Schenevus. September. This is evidently closely allied to A. stercorarius and A. semiglobatus with which it has probably been confounded, but the pileus in our plant is so peculiar in form that I am con- strained to regard it as a distinct species. The viscid pellicle of the pileus is separable. When old it sometimes cracks into areas. AGARICUS LACRYMABUNDUS FA’. Bushy pastures. Bethlehem. October. Our specimens do not agree in all respects with the published description of the species. The pileus is sometimes wholly destitute of scales and sometimes densely clothed with hairy erect ones. The species is manifestly variable. AGARICUS CANDOLLFANUS #7. Ground and buried chips. North Greenbush and Greig. September and October. . 4) THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. AGARICUS (PSILOCYBE) LIMOPHILUS 7. sp. Pileus thin, convex, then expanded, fragile, atomaceous, radiately rugulose, whitish, often splitting on the margin and sometimes cracking into areas; lamellez rather broad, loose, whitish or pallid, then purplish brown ; stem equal, striate and slightly mealy at the top, hollow, short, white; spores ellip- tical, .0004’—.0005’ long, .0002—.00025' broad. Muddy alluvial soil under willows. Green Island. Sep- tember. : It is related to A. incertus Pk., but the veil is less developed, the lamellee are more distant and the spores are larger. AGARICUS (PSILOCYBE) ARENULINUS 2. sp. Pileus convex, then expanded, plane or centrally depressed, glabrous, hygrophanous, dark livid-brown and coarsely stri- atulate when moist, livid-white when dry ; lamelle close, cin- namon-brown, becoming darker with age; stem slightly taper- ing upward, hollow, whitish; spores subelliptical, .0004' long. Plant 1.52.5’ high, pileus 6’-16" broad, stem 1” thick. Sandy soil. West Albany. September. When moist the pileus has a peculiar radiate appearance as if distantly striate. Large individuals have the margin of the pileus uneven and irregularly striate. A mass of sand usually adheres to the base of the stem. AGARICUS (PSATHYRA) POLYTRICHOPHILUS 2. Sp. Pileus thin, convex or subcampanulate, glabrous rather fragile, sometimes with a slight umbo, hygrophanous, striatu- late and brown when moist, dull ochraceous or buff when dry, somewhat shining ; lamelle plane and adnate or slightly arcu- ate and decurrent, broad, subdistant, colored almost like the pileus; stem slender, equal, subflexuous, slightly whitish- fibrillose, especially toward the base, mealy at the top, concol- orous, containing a whitish pith; spores purple-brown, subel- liptical, .0003' long, .0002’ broad.- Plant gregarious, odorous, 1-2’ high, pileus 2’-5’ broad. eeraynd among Polytrichum. Oneida. Warne. West Albany. ay. AGARICUS (PSATHYRELLA) GRACILOIDES 7. sp. - (Plate 1, figs. 1-4.) Pileus thin, conical or campanulate, glabrous, hygrophanous, brown and striatulate when moist, whitish and subrugulose REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 43 when dry ; lamelle ascending, rather broad, subdistant, brown, becoming blackish-brown, the edge whitish ; stem long, straight, fragile, hollow, smooth, white; spores blackish, elliptical, .0006—.00065' long, .0003—.00033' broad. Plant gregarious, 4-6’ high, pileus 1’ broad, stem 1” thick. Ground in an old door yard. Maryland. September. This is allied to A. gracilis Fr., but the edge of the lamelle is not rosy. When drying the moisture leaves the disk of the pileus first, the margin last. When dry the plant bears some resemblance to large forms of A. fener. Under a lens the text- ure of the surface of the pileus is seen to becomposed of matted fibrils. CORTINARIUS (PHLEGMACIUM) OPHIOPUS 2. sp. Pileus firm, convex or subcampanulate, then expanded, sometimes irregular, viscid, reddish-yellow, smooth, the paler margin sometimes roughened by adhering patches of the whitish veil ; lamellee close, often eroded on the edge, brown- ish-cinnamon ; stem stout, equal, solid, usually much bent or variously curved, at first shaggy-scaly from the subconcentri- cally arranged fragments of the copious veil, white or yellow- ish ; flesh white ; spores unequally elliptical, .00045—.0005' long, .00025—.0003' broad, usually containing a single nucleus. Plant 4’-6’ high, pileus 2-4 broad, stem 4’—6” thick. Among fallen leaves in woods. Maryland. September. The long crooked stem is a noticeable feature of the species. CoRTINARIUS CRATICIUS Fr. Low grounds. Center. October. CoRTINARIUS (HYDROCYBE) REGULARIS 2. sp. Pileus convex or expanded, glabrous, hygrophanous, watery- brown when moist, reddish-ochraceous when dry, often slightly radiate-rugulose ; flesh whitish, becoming white when dry; lamelle close, slightly violaceous when young; stem long, nearly straight, stuffed, slightly tapering upward, silky-fibril- lose, white ; spores elliptical, .0004 long, .0003' broad. Plant gregarious, 3—5 high, pileus 1-2’ broad, stem 1’—2” thick. Ses ee marsh. Center. October. e plant has avery regular symmetrical appearance, whence the specific name. 44 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. MARASMIUS PR&ZACUTUS Lilis. Trunks of dead alder trees. Mechanicsville. October. The lamella are sometimes quite distant and rounded behind. The stem which is remarkable for its thickness and peculiar shape and which constitutes the chief part of the young plant is pulverulent under a lens. PANUS TORULOSUS AY. Oak stumps. Greenbush. May. Bo.eEtus viscosus fost. Light sandy soil about pine woods. Center. October. PoLyporus ossEus Halchor. Old stumps in woods. Guilderland. October. Very rare. The pores in our specimens are a little larger than in an authentic specimen received from Dr. Kalchbrenner. PoLyPoRUS (ANODERMEI) DUALIS 2. Sp. Pileus dimidiate, sessile or sometimes produced behind into a stem-like base, convex or nearly plane above, somewhat uneven, rarely with a slight zonate appearance, single or ceespi- tosely imbricating, two to four inches broad, nearly as long, tawny or tawny-ferruginous, the margin sometimes paler ; flesh concolorous, the upper stratum of a soft spongy-tomentose tex- ture, the lower firm and fibrous ; pores minute, unequal, more or less angular, with thin dissepiments, whitish and denticulate on the edge, about equal in length to the thickness of the flesh of the pileus, dark ferruginous with a whitish or silvery reflec- tion. Dead trunks of spruce trees. Adirondack Mts. Also at the base of pine trunks. West Albany. August and September. The species is remarkable for the twofold character of the substance of the pileus, the upper half being of a soft tomentose nature, velvety to the touch and readily impressed by the finger nail, the lower half of a much firmer fibrous texture, smooth and subshining when cut or fractured. The plants are quite variable in size, shape and thickness of the margin which in some is quite thin, in others very obtuse In the latter the pores near the margin are often much enlarged or elongated so that the dissepiments appear like lamellee. The species is related to P. cuticularis Fr., but I have not found it with any appearance of a cuticle nor of a blackish color, nor with a fim- briated margin—characters said to belong to that species. Besides, that species is attributed to deciduous trees while our plant has thus far occurred on coniferous trees only. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 45 POLYPORUS NIDULANS FY’. Dead oak and birch branches lying on the ground. Sand- lake, North Greenbush and Adirondack Mts. Our specimens are not villous and are fragrant when fresh, not when dry. This would indicate that they should be referred to P. rutilans, but the unequal pores forbid such a reference. It is surprising how few of our fungi agree accurately with the descriptions of published species. Either we have many more species peculiar to this country than has been supposed, or else many species have been very imperfectly described. POLYPORUS (ANODERMEI) FRAGRANS 2. Sp. Fragrant ; pileus fleshy, tough, effuso-reflexed, imbricating, one to two inches long, two to four broad, rather thin but some- times thickened at the base, velvety to the touch and clothed with a minute innate tomentum, pale reddish-grey or aluta- ceous, the thin margin concolorous and sometimes a little roughened, often sterile beneath ; flesh slightly fibrous, zonate, concolorous ; pores minute, unequal angular, about one line long, the dissepiments thin, acute, toothed or lacerated, whitish, - becoming darker with age and blackish-stained when bruised. Decaying trunks of elm trees. Bethlehem. October. This species is closely related to P. adustus and P. fumosus, from which it is readily separated by the unequal pores. Its odor when fresh is very decided and quite agreeable, being not much unlike that of dry Seneca grass. The species has been collected in Vermont also by Mr. A. P. Morgan. PoLyPORUS (PLACODERMEI) ALBELLUS 2. Sp. Pileus thick, sessile, convex or subungulate, subsolitary, two to four inches broad, one to one and a half thick, fleshy, - rather soft, the adnate cuticle very thin, smooth or sometimes slightly roughened by a slight strigose tomentum, especially toward the margin, whitish tinged more or less with fuscous ; flesh pure white, odor acidulous; pores nearly plain, minute, subrotund, about two lines long, white inclining to yellowish, the dissepiments thin, acute ; spores minute, cylindrical, curved, white, .00016—.0002' long. Decaying trunks and branches of birch trees. Helderberg Mts. October. | This species appears to be related to P. paradoxus, but the texture is manifestly firmer than in that and softer than in P. betulinus. Ab THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. POLYPORUS CONNATUS Weinm. Trunks of maple trees, Acer saccharinum. Sandlake. October. PoLyPoORuUS (INODERMEI) BALSAMEUS 2. Sp. Pileus rather thin, corky, plain, about one inch broad, ses- sile or spuriously stipitate, slightly and unequally villose- tomentose, pale-brown marked with lighter concentric zones ; flesh white; pores short, minute, subrotund, the thin dissepi- ments acute, denticulate, white. Trunks of balsam trees, Abies balsamea. Adirondack Mts. August. | The villosity is so slight that it may be easily overlooked. It is not uniformly distributed over the whole surface but occurs in zones or patches. The species is apparently allied to P. zonatus. POLYPORUS OBDUCENS Pers. Decaying wood. Buffalo. June. Clinton. PoLYPORUS CALLOSUS Ff’. Decaying wood. Buffalo. December. Clinton. POLYPORUS FARINELLUS FY. Decaying wood. Alexandria Bay. July. Clinton. Hypnum WEINMANNI /7. Decaying wood. Bethlehem. October. IRPEX SINUOSUS Ff’. Dead branches lying on the ground. Wynantskill, Rens- selaer county. November. IRPEX FUSCOVIOLACEUS 47. Decaying trunks of spruce, Abies nigra. Adirondack Mts. July. Our specimens are not ‘‘silky,’’ as required by the descrip- tion, but villose or tomentose-villose as in Polyporus hirsutus and P. abietinus, the latter of which this species closely resem- bles. The hymenium, however, is coarser, more highly colored and lamellated to such an extent that young specimens might easily be taken for a Lenzites. IRPEX OBLIQUUS FT. On dead oak and alder trees. North Greenbush, Center and Sandlake. October and November. At first it looks more like a small white orbicular resupinate Polyporus than an Irpex. Very common. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 47 RADULUM ORBICULARE FY. . Decaying wood and bark of deciduous trees. Slingerlands and Mechanicsville. October. PHLEBIA MERISMOIDES FA’. Decaying wood. Indian Lake. October. This species is apparently very close to P. radiata. Our specimens are referred to it because of their pale color and more strigose margin. GRANDINIA VIRESCENS 2. Sp. Effused, thin, separable from the matrix, soft, greenish, becoming darker with age ; granules minute, hemispherical, not crowded ; spores broadly elliptical or suborbicular, .0002’ long. Decaying wood. Oneida. Warne. September. Remarkable for its beautiful color. GRANDINIA RUDIS 7. Sp. Effused, thin, soft, pulverulent-tomentose, tawny-brown, the hymenium at length granulose ; spores globose, rough, .0003— .0004' in diaméter. Decaying wood and ground in deep shaded places. North Greenbush. October. It is allied to G. coriaria Pk. in texture and in the character of the spores, but it differs in color and habit. The whole plant is of one uniform hue. THELEPHORA SPECIOSA FY. Providence, Saratoga county. August. But a single specimen was found and in it the tips of the branches are not fimbriate; otherwise the characters are well shown. HYMENOCHATE AGGLUTINANS Hillis. Trunks and branches of living alder trees. Sandlake and Adirondack Mts. July and November. HYMENOCH ATE SPRETA 2. Sp. Effused, adnate, somewhat uneven, thick, ferruginous, beset with rather long slender acute sete, at length cracking into frustulate-areole. Decorticated wood. Helderberg Mts. October. This quite closely resembles some forms of H. corrugata, but its bright color and thicker substance, which shrinks more in drying so that the matrix is revealed through the chinks, and the areas become as it were frustules, indicate a distinct species. 48 ~ TarrTretH REPporRT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. The setee are more slender and more sharp-pointed than in #. corrugata. CoRTICIUM QUERCINUM Pers. Dead oak branches. Greenbush. September. The specimens are a little paler than in the type, but this is probably due to lack of age. CoRTICIUM LACTEUM JF’. Decaying wood. Slingerlands. October. CorRTICIUM SAMBUCI FY. Dead stems of elder, Sambucus Canadensis. Mechanicsville. October. CoRTICIUM CH/RULEUM FY. Decaying wood. Buffalo. November. Clinton. ‘Corticium MartTranum B. & C. Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. Mechanicsville. October. It is not without some hesitation that our specimens are referred to this species, for, though they agree very well with specimens published under this name by Mr. H. W. Ravenel and with those distributed by the late Dr. Curtis, they do not well agree with the published description of the species. In color they are bright red inclining to cinnabar, the surface often suffused with a slight bloom or pruinosity. The margin on smooth surfaces is obscurely radiately wrinkled, giving the idea of a Phlebia, and this illusion is further sustained by the hymenium in the dried specimens becoming radiately rimose. The substance when fresh is blood red within, and the mycelium is of a beautiful yellow color and penetrates the matrix. It is sometimes confluent, forming patches several inches in extent. CORTICIUM SUFFOCATUM 2. Sp. Effused, indeterminate ; subiculum whitish or pale tawny, composed of intricate webby filaments ; hymenium tawny- brown, of a smooth,waxy appearance when moist, dusted by the spores and more or less rimose when dry, revealing the paler subiculum through the chinks; spores elliptical, colored, .0004 long, .0003' broad. Under surface of pine and hemlock wood lying on the ground. Sandlake and Bethlehem. November. CYPHELLA GRISEOPALLIDA Weinm. Bark and twigs lying on the ground. Sandlake. November. The cups are sometimes furnished with very short stems. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 49 CLAVARIA TYPHULOIDES 7. sp. (Plate II, figs. 12-14.) Very small, about two lines high, rather tough, scattered or gregarious, clavate, white, the stem slightly pruinose, gradu- ally swelling into the obtuse glabrous subcompressed solid club ; spores oblong-elliptical, .0002—.0003' long, with an oblique point at the base. Dead stems of Hpilobiwnm angustifolium. Adirondack. August. This belongs to the section Holocoryne, and is apparently allied to C. wneialis, but its much smaller size and usually compressed club will serve to distinguish it. When dry the white color is well retained and the hymenium has a subpellu- cid appearance and is of a firmer texture than the center of the club. CLAVARIA AMETHYSTINA Pull. Ground. Oneida. July. Warne. PISTILLARIA COCCINEA Cd. Dead leaves and petioles of tansy, TYanacetum vulgare. Sandlake. June. TREMELLA INTUMESCENS Sow. Dead alder branches. Sandlake. November. N 2MATELIA CEREBRIFORMIS /Hilis in litt. ‘Dead branches of water-beech, Carpinus Americana. Albany. September. Mr. Ellis sends this under the above name. It appears to differ from JV. encephala in being lighter colored and in having the nucleus of a softer texture. . DACRYMYCES MINOR n. sp. Small, subglobose, scattered or rarely a few crowded together, dingy ochraceous with a slight olivaceous tint ; spores oblong, curved, with a slight oblique apiculus at one end, simple, then uniseptate, finally triseptate, .0005~—.0006' long, .0002’ broad. Decaying wood. Buffalo, Clinton. Sandlake. November. The plants are scarcely half a line in diameter. Bovista PILA B. &C. Ground in grassy places. Oneida. Warne. Sandlake and Albany. Our specimens appear to belong to this species but I have never seen them with bits of grass adhering to the peridium, and the spores vary in color from dingy-olivaceous, at first, to purplish brown when old. 4 50 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. LYCOPERDON SACCATUM FA’. Ground. Sandlake and Center. Autumn. AMAUROCHATE ATRA A. & SN. Trunks of pine trees. Adirondack Mts. August. PHYSARUM LUTEOLUM 7. sp. (Plate II, figs. 15-18.) Peridium small, closely gregarious, sessile, yellowish inclin- ing to tawny, rupturing irregularly ; flocci abundant, yellow- ish-white ; spores globose, purplish-brown, .0004’ in diameter. Living leaves of Cornus Canadensis. Adirondack Mts. July. PHYSARUM ALBICANS 7. sp. (Plate II, figs. 5-8.) Peridium whitish, fugacious, except at the base, externally mealy with lime granules, globose, as well as the more persist- ent whitish capillitium ; stem white, tapering upwards, some- times connate at the base, slightly penetrating ; spores globose, purplish-brown, .00033' in diameter. Bark and mosses. Adirondack Mts. July. The fragments of the base of the peridium sometimes remain just below the capillitinm, surrounding the stem like a calyx or collar. The stem is even and generally longer than the peridium which it penetrates. After the spores have fallen the whitish color of the capillitium becomes apparent. It then resembles a small globose tuft of wool. The plants grew on, the branches and mosses of a standing dead birch tree. Didymium subroseum is apparently the same species with a pinkish tinge to the peridium. DIACHHZA SPLENDENS 7. sp. (Plate II, figs. 1-4.) Peridium steel-blue or violaceous, delicate, globose, subper- sistent, rupturing irregularly ; flocci delicate, colored; stem white, slightly penetrating ; spores black in the mass, globose, © rough, .0003—.0004' in diameter. Fallen leaves and twigs. North Greenbush. October. This is a very pretty and distinct species. The globose peridia and rough spores make it easily recognized. It is near D. elegans in color, but at once distinguished from it by its globose peridium. TRICHIA FALLAX Pers. Decaying wood. Oneida. Warne. Portville. September. PERICHHNA IRREGULARIS B. & C. Bark of decaying sticks. ‘‘The Plains.’’ October. Clinton. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. Al CLATHROPTYCHIUM RUGULOSUM Wallr. Trunks of poplars. Adirondack Mts. July. The young plant has a bright flesh-color or orange hue. NIDULARIA PULVINATA Schw. Old fence boards lying on the ground. Greenbush. October. LEPTOSTROMA LINEARE 2. Sp. Perithecia flattened, thin, subangular, at first covered by the epidermis, striated, generally with a sharp elevation or ridge along the center, mostly seriately placed, black ; spores slen- der, oblong, curved, colorless, .0003—.0004 long. Dead stems of Actea spicata. Helderberg Mts. May. PHOMA STROBILINUM Peck & Clinton n. sp. Perithecia minute, scattered, erumpent, black ; spores ellip- tical or subovate, colorless, .0003’ long. Cones of Pinus Strobus. Buffalo. December. Clinton. PHOMA STERCORARIUM P. & C. Perithecia membranaceous, minute, scattered, black ; spores large, elliptical, .0005—.0006' long. Goose dung. Portage. November Clinton. It is highly probable that this is a nonascigerous state of some dung Spheria. Asa Phoma it is remarkable for the large size of the spores. SPHZRONEMA RoBINLE B. & C. Dead twigs of basswood, Zilia Americana, Buffalo. CTin- ton. Catskill Mts. June. SPHZRONEMA AURANTIACUM 7. Sp. (Plate II, figs. 9-11.) Perithecia small, erumpent, hemispherical or subconical, sometimes with a slight papilliform ostiolum, orange; spores oblong-elliptical, colorless, .0003—.0004 long, oozing out and forming a whitish or pale cream-colored globule. Dead bark of Cornus alternifolia. Bethlehem. May. The species is remarkable for its orange-colored perithecia. SPH ZROPSIS PENNSYLVANICA B. & C. Dead branches of ash trees. Buffalo. February. Clinton. SPHAZROPSIS MINIMA B. & C. ef Living leaves of red maple, Acer rubrum. North Greenbush. une. 52 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. The perithecia are epiphyllous, the spores are obovate or sub- angular and are involved in mucus. The brownish spots fre- quently have a darker border. SPHAZROPSIS SYRINGE P. & C. n. sp. Perithecia small, scattered, erumpent, black ; spores oblong or elliptical, colored, .0008—.001’ long, .0004 broad. Dead lilac twigs. Buffalo. January. Clinton. Perhaps this is only a form of Diplodia Syringe Awd. DiPLopia THUJINA P. & C. Perithecia subhemispherical or elliptical, rugulose or sub- striate, black; spores oblong-elliptical, slightly constricted, colored, .0007—.0009' long. Wood and bark of Thuja occidentalis. Buffalo. May. Clinton. . The form on bark has the perithecia erumpent and closely surrounded by the epidermis. In the other the perithecia are nearly free and often elliptical in shape. ACROSPERMUM GRAMINUM ZLib. Dead stems of grass, Calamagrostis Canadensis. West Albany. June. EXCIPULA LANUGINOSA n. sp. (Plate I, figs..14-18.) Perithecia small, yellowish or orange, numerous, almost con- cealed by the long, soft, wooly, dingy-white or pinkish-white hairs ; spores oblong, colorless, .0003—.00035' long. Dead stems of melilot. Bethlehem. September. The species is remarkable for its long, pale, wooly hairs and its light-colored perithecia. These are sometimes so crowded together that they appear to form a continuous fleecy stratum. A relationship with the genus Trichoderma is indicated. DISCELLA CANADENSIS 7. Sp. Pustules very small, perithecia obsolete or wholly wanting ; spores oozing out in a black mass or in tendrils, oblong or oblong-ovate, .0008—.001' long, at first pale, then colored, some of them becoming uniseptate. Dead branches of Amelanchier Canadensis. Center. June. The subequal hyaline sporophores sometimes remain attached to the young spores. The species approaches the genus Melanconium. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. Hi DISCELLA ARIDA 2. Sp. Perithecia seated on rather large arid grayish spots, minute, flattened, pezizeeform, black, at first covered by the epidermis, then forming a ring by the falling away of the center; spores oblong or lanceolate, simple, then uniseptate, colorless, .00035— .0005' long. Living or languishing leaves of Cassandra calyculata. , Adi- rondack Mts. August. The plant might at first sight be taken for a minute black Peziza. The spots usually occur on the apical half or on the margin of the leaf, but sometimes the whole leaf is discolored. MELANCONIUM INTERMEDIUM 72. SD. Spores very irregular, subglobose, ovate, elliptical or oblong, black, about .001' long. Dead hickory branches. Buffalo. Clinton. Greenbush. This species is intermediate between J/. oblongum and M. magnum, the spores being larger than in the former, smaller than in the latter. TORULA CURVATA 7%. SD. Flocci tufted, elongated, curved or flexuous, here and there slightly constricted, multiseptate, the cells mostly broader than long, the tufts forming an effused black patch. Dead branches of Myrica Gale. Adirondack Mts. August. SEPTONEMA DICHANOIDES P. & C. n. sp. Tufts of flocci minute, clustered in small suborbicular or elliptical patches, black; flocci .0003-—.0004 thick, at length breaking up into simple or one to two-septate oblong-elliptical spores. Living alder bark. Olean. May. Clinton. The patches resemble those of Dichena faginea. The species appears to be intermediate between Septonema and Torula. PUCCINIA ORBICULA P. & C. Uredo form. Spots small, orbicular, yellowish, sometimes tinged with purple ; sori circinating, tawny-ochraceous ; spores subglobose, .0008—.001' in diameter. Puccinia form. Sori blackish-brown, circinating, often arranged in a single circle on the margin of the spot; spores broadly elliptical, rough, .0013-.0015' long, .0008—.001’ broad. _ 54 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Petioles and under surface of leaves of Nabalus. Buffalo. Clinton. Also on Solidago leaves. Center. May. The beautiful tawny-ochraceous color of the Uredo form and the circinating sori are noticeable features. Puccinia HYDROPHYLLI P. & C. n. sp. Spots yellow or greenish-yellow ; sori small, clustered, some- times confluent, blackish-brown ; spores loose, elliptical, rough, slightly constricted, .001’ long, .0007—.0008' broad ; pedicel very short, hyaline. Lower surface of living leaves of Hydrophyllum Virgini- anum. Buffalo. May. Clinton. Related to P. Menthe from which the different habit and very short pedicel will separate it. UREDo CAssaANnDRe P. & C. 1. sp. Spots small, irregular, yellowish or chestnut ; sori generally crowded together in small clusters, somewhat angular or irre- gular, surrounded by the remains of the ruptured epidermis ; spores yellow, elliptical ovate or subglobose, roughened, .0008— .OO1' long. Lower surface of living leaves of Cassandra calyculata. Center and Sandlake. June. Machias. Clinton. MELAMPSORA Epruonsit eX. Leaves of Hpilobium angustifolium. Newcomb, Essex county. August. JECIDIUM SANICULZ Carm. Leaves of Sanicle. Buffalo. Clinten. CLADOSPORIUM DEPRESSUM B. & Br. (Plate I, figs. 22-24.) Living leaves of Archangelica atropurpurea. Buffalo. June. Clinton. The spores bear some resemblance to Puccinia spores. HELMINTHOSPORIUM ABSINTHII 7. sp. (Plate II, figs. 28-30.) Flocci forming effused dark-olivaceous or brown patches or minute tufts, simple, septate, colored, subflexuous, irregular or knotty above ; spores oblong-clavate, very unequal in length, .001—.004 long, one to five-septate, paler than the flocci. Living leaves of wormwood, Artemisia Absinthium. Adiron- dack, Essex county. August. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. ny) On the upper surface of the leaves the flocci form minute tufts, so small as to be easily overlooked. On the lower surface they are more abundant and form effused velvety patches which are quite conspicuous. The spores are extremely abundant, but they fall away so easily that it is difficult to find them in place. MACROSPORIUM SARCINULA Berk. Decaying squashes. Buffalo. December. Clinton. CLADOSPORIUM NODULOSUM Cd. Dead leaves of sedges. Albany. June. RAMULARIA BRUNNEA 2. Sp. Spots brown, unequal, suborbicular, sometimes confluent ; flocci occupying the larger spots and giving them an ashy tint, epiphyllous, fasciculate, short, delicate ; spores cylindrical, colorless, very unequal in length, .0005—.6015' long, .00016' broad. Living leaves of colts-foot, Tusstlago Farfara. The large fertile spots are intermingled with smaller irregular sterile darker-colored ones. CERCOsPORA SyMPLocARPI Pk. (Thumen’s Myc. Univ. No. 669. ) Spots definite, brown, suborbicular ; flocci very short, colored, tufted ; spores very long, narrow, three to five-septate, paler than the flocci, .003—.005' long. Living leaves of Skunk Cabbage, Symplocarpus foiidus. West Albany and Center. June and July. CERCOSPORA LEPTOSPERMA 2. Sp. Flocci tufted, short, hyaline, seated on pale-greenish angular spots; spores colorless, very slender, subfiliform, slightly thicker toward the base where there are usually one or two obscure septa, .003' long. Living leaves of sarsaparilla, Aralia nudicaulis. Albany. CERCOSPORA AMPELOPSIDIS 2. sp. Spots suborbicular, reddish-brown with a darker margin ; flocci hypophyllous, rather long, flexuous, colored, septate ; spores slightly colored, subcylindrical, at first simple, then one to three-septate, .001’—-.0013' long. Living leaves of woodbine, Ampelopsis quinquefolia. Beth- lehem. July. 56 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. CERCOSPORA CHENOPODIL ck. Living leaves of Chenopodium album. West Albany. July. PERONOSPORA ALTA F'ckl. Living leaves of plantain, Plantago major. Albany. July. This is sometimes regarded as a form of P. effusa. PERONOSPORA INFESTANS De By. Living leaves of potato vines. Adirondack. August. This fungus, for a long time considered the cause of the potato disease, has, until recently, baffled all efforts to trace its life-history. But at last Mr. W. G. Smith, an earnest botanist, a most careful observer and skillful experimenter, has succeeded in tracing this history through the yearly cycle. He has found and kept alive through the winter, the hiber- nating or resting spores of the fungus and caused these to reproduce the pestilent potato fungus. His discovery is so important that 1 cannot do better than to quote his concluding remarks on the subject, a full account of which is given in the Gardeners’ Chronicle: ‘‘For more than thirty years our potato crops have been systematically destroyed by two virulent fungi, viz., Peronos- pora infestans and Fusisporium Solani; these two parasites almost invariably work in company with each other, they suddenly appear for a few weeks, destroy our crops and vanish for ten or twelve months then reappear and repeat the work of destruction. I claim for my work that it is new, and that it has proved how both these fungi hide and sleep through eleven months of the year. As I have kept the resting-spores of both parasites alive artificially in decayed potato leaves in water, in moist air, and in expressed diluted juice of horse dung, it con- clusively proves to me that the resting-spores hibernate natur- ally in the same manner. The seat of danger from both para- oe is clearly in dung heaps, ditch sides and decaying potato plants. ‘‘Any method of destroying the resting-spores of these pests, or of warding off or mitigating their attacks, obviously depends in a great measure upon a full knowledge of their life-history. That life-history 1 have endeavored, to the best of my ability, to watch and describe for the Gardeners’ Chronicle, and I am content to let the observations stand on their own merits. Sensibly conducted and extensive field experiments might probably teach some valuable lessons, but it 1s difficult, if not impossible, for any single individual, whether farmer or botan- ist, to institute and carry out such experiments.”’ VERTICILLIUM PULVEREUM P. & C. n. sp. Effused, pulverent, dark or snuff-brown ; flocci colored, the lower branches alternate, the upper opposite or verticillate, REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 57 ultimate branchlets short, cylindrical, obtuse ; spores abund- ant, broadly elliptical or subglobose, colored, .00025-.0003' long, .0002—.00025’ broad. Decaying wood. Alden. November. Clinton. It forms thin dusty patches on the surface of the wood. POLYACTIS CANA Berk. Decaying cabbage leaves. Buffalo. March. Clinton. TRICHODERMA VIRIDE Pers. Decaying wood. Alden. November. Clinton. DACTYLIUM SUBLUTESCENS 2. Sp. Tufts pulvinate, sometimes confluent, pinkish-yellow or cream- colored ; flocci erect, simple or sparingly and obscurely septate ; spores apical, oblong or obovate, uniseptate, .0008—.0014 long, sometimes with a blunt point at the base. Dead branches of alder and poplar trees. Albany and North Greenbush. September. The species is apparently related to D. obovatum Berk. At first sight the tufts appear to be erumpent, but upon closer inspection they are seen to grow upon some effete erumpent Spheria. In some instances white tufts of more slender branched flocci were associated with the others. Perhaps these are sterile flocci of the same plant. OIDIUM FASCICULATUM Berk. Decaying oranges and lemons. Buffalo. December. CJinton. Albany. July. OIDIUM ALBIPES 7. Sp. Flocci forming short white stems supporting subglobose heads of a grayish-brown color, sometimes tinged with green ; spores oblong-ovate or lanceolate, pale, .00033' long, with a slight apiculus at the smaller end. Decaying. wood. Bethlehem. June. CAPILLARIA SPH #RI#Z-TYPHIN © Cd. Parasitic on Hpichloe typhina. Greenbush. July. MENISPORA CILIATA Cd. ) Our specimens do not agree well with the description of this species. The flocci are not ‘‘olive-brown”’ and the spores are cylindrical rather than ‘‘fusiform,’’ but as they exhibit the bristle at the extremities of the spores, and agree essentially 58 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. with European specimens distributed under this name, it seems best thus to refer them. ZYGODESMUS PANNOSUS B. & C. Decaying wood lying on the ground. North Greenbush. October. ZYGODESMUS RUBIGINOSUS 2. Sp. Effused, indeterminate, bright-rubiginous, not granulated, the patches paler toward the margin; spores globose, rough, .0003' in diameter. Decaying wood. Greenbush. October. This resembles Z. hydnoideus B. & C. in color, but the absence of a granulated surface and the smaller spores will separate it. FUSISPORIUM RIMOSUM 2. Sp. Effused, bright orange or red, at length cracking and reveal- ing through the chinks the white substratum ; flocci slender, simple or sparingly branched ; spores long, acute at each end, one to three-septate, .0008—.0018' long. Cut ends of corn stalks. Center. October. The bright color is retained in the dried specimens. In this respect and in the firmer substance and rimose character it differs from its allies. ERYSIPHE LIRIODENDRI Schw. Leaves of the tulip tree, Liriodendron Tulipifera. Oneida. September. Warne. MOoRCHELLA BISPORA Sor. Ground among fallen leaves in ravines. Oneida. Warne. The remarkable feature about this species is that there are but two spores in an ascus. MoRCHELLA SEMILIBERA DC. Ground. Oneida. May. Warne. MoRCHELLA DELICIOSA FY. Ground in open fields. Oneida. Warne. West Albany. May and June. This species has a firmer substance, paler color, smoother stem and smaller spores than JZ. esculenta. It is also gener- ally smaller in size and has a more cylindrical pileus, which is sometimes curved. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 59 VERPA DIGITALIFORMIS Pers. Ground. Oneida. May. Warne. PEZIZA SULCATA Pers. Ground. Oneida. Warne. The spores in the specimens are smooth and uninucleate but this may be due to the immaturity of the specimens. PEzIzA (COCHLEATZ) WARNEI 7. sp. (Plate I, figs. 19-21.) Cups large, 1—1.5' broad, at length expanded with the margin often wavy or irregular, externally whitish or pallid, usually lacunose at the narrowed stem-like base ; disk brown or ochra- ceous-brown ; asci cylindrical ; spores uniseriate, oblong-ellip- tical, with a short acute point at each end and slightly rough when mature, .001—.0014 long, mostly trinucleate, the central nucleus largest. Hemlock stumps. Oneida. Warne. Helderberg Mts. May. This seems to approach P. semitosta B. & C., in some respects, but it differs in its external characters, habitat and spores. Dedicated to Mr. H. A. Warne. PEZIZA BICOLOR Bul. Dead branches of Myrica Gale. Adirondack Mts. August. PEzizA (DASYSCYPHZ) MYRICACEA 2. Sp. Cups small, .02—.03' broad when dry, sessile or with a very short stem, tawny-brown or subcervine, densely hairy, expanded when moist and revealing the whitish disk ; asci subcylindrical, about .0016 long; paraphyses as broad as the asci and much longer, tapering above to a sharp point; spores minute, spermatoid. Dead stems and branches of Wyrica Gale. Adirondack Mts. August. The species is related to P. brunneola Desm., but is larger and has different hairs. These are very long, not septate nor thickened at the tips. They appear minutely rough under the microscope. When dry, they, with the incurved margin, wholly conceal the disk from view. The spores in our speci- mens do not seem to be well developed. PxEzIzZA (DASYSCYPHZ) SULPHURELLA 2. Sp. Pale yellow throughout ; cups minute, numerous, stipitate, closed when dry, hairy, the hairs septate, rough, capitate ; 60 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. asci cylindrical; spores oblong or cylindrical, .0003' long; paraphyses longer than the asci, tapering above to a point. Dead stems of Myrica Gale. Adirondack Mts. August. This differs from P. b7wnneola in color and in having a hairy stem. The plant is much smaller than P. myricacea. PeEzizA (DASYSCYPH#) CAPITATA Pk. (Thumen’s Myc. Univ. No. 813.) Cups minute, sessile, subglobose and usually closed when dry, open when moist, white, clothed with septate capitate white hairs, hymenium whitish inclining to yellow; asci cylin- drical, .0012’ long ; spores straight, acicular, .0002~—.0003' long ; paraphyses longer than the asci, pointed at the extremities. Fallen oak leaves. Bethlehem. June. The specific name has reference to the capitate hairs. These spring directly from the cellular substance of the cup. The base of the hairs is enlarged and distinctly septate. The ses- sile cups and white color separate this from the next preceding species. Prziza (DASYSCYPH#) DISTINCTA n. sp. (Plate 1, figs. 9-13.) Cups small,..03—.05' broad, sessile or attached by a mere point, externally blackish, the margin tomentose-hairy, pale- — tawny, or olivaceous, the disk pinkish-red when moist, orange when dry ; asci clavate, often containing but four spores ; spores oblong-fusiform, straight or curved, .0008—.001' long. Dead stems of Andropogon furcatus. Center. October. When dry the margin is inflexed and the cups are then often hysteriiform, the tomentose hairs of the margin concealing the disk and giving the chink an olivaceous or tawny hue. PEZIZA MACULINCOLA Schw. Decorticated wood. Buffalo. March. Clinton. This is regarded by some as synonymous with P. flammea A. &8. Mr. W. C. Stevenson, Jr., to whom I am indebted for many acts of kindness in comparing specimens with the types in Schweinitz’s Herbarium, considers the two, as therein repre- sented, to be distinct. PEZIZA VULPINA Ch. Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. PEzIZA (DASYSCYPHA) CHAMALEONTINA 2. Sp. Cups minute, .006—.015' broad, at first globose, then expanded with the disk nearly plane, scarcely furfuraceous, white, chang-. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 61 ing to yellow when bruised, then to pinkish or red, stem short ; asci clavate, .001—.0014 long ; spores crowded, oblong-ovate or subclavate, .0002’ long. Under surface of hemlock wood lying on the ground. Sand- lake. November. The changes in color, when bruised, is an interesting charac- ter. The species is related to P. hyalina and perhaps more closely to P. aspidiicola, and is therefore placed among the Dasyscyphe, although there is scarcely any appearance of hairiness on the cups. PeEzizA (HUMARIA) DELIGATA 2. Sp. Cups minute, gregarious, sessile, with radiating hyaline fibrils at the base, at first subglobose, then open with the disk nearly plane, brick-red ; asci broad, oblong or subcylindrical ; spores biseriate, elliptical, smooth, .0006—.00075' long. Dead stems of herbs lying on the ground. Bethlehem. September. The cups sometimes have a thick tumid margin. In some respects the species resembles P. hemastigma. It appears to belong to the subgenus Humaria, but the habitat is unusual. _ PezizA PoLtyGont Rehin. Dead stems of Polygonum. Albany. July. PEZIZA MACROSPORA Fk. Decaying wood. Buffalo. November. Clinton. HELOTIUM CARICINELLUM 7. sp. (Plate 1, figs.5-8.) = © Small, .02—.03’ broad, scattered, sessile, reddish or ochraceous- brown when moist, black or blackish when dry, the disk plane or slightly concave; asci clavate; spores crowded, oblong, obtuse, uniseptate, colorless, .0008—.001' long. Dead leaves of Carex utriculata. Adirondack. August. This is a true Helotium as is shown by the cups being open from the first, and yet it is apparently related to Peziza lacustris. HELOTIUM BRYOGENUM 7%. Sp. Cups minute, substipitate, scattered, pallid or yellowish- white and expanded when moist, livid-red or subviolaceous and. concave with a tumid margin when dry ; spores subfusiform, sometimes curved, .0006—.0007' long. Mosses, Hypnum delicatulwm. Maryland. September. 62 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. DERMATEA CARPINEA FY. Dead branches of Carpinus. Buffalo. Clinton. Albany. October. DERMATEA INCLUSA 2. SD. Minute, scattered, erumpent, sessile, closely surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, margined, the margin mealy or furfur- aceous, the disk plane or concave, subochraceous ; asci broad, oblong-cylindrical ; spores large, biseriate or crowded, oblong- elliptical, sometimes slightly curved, simple, colorless, .0011— .0014' long. Dead trunks of willows. Maryland. September. The cups scarcely rise above the ruptured epidermis that invests them. When moistened or crushed on the slide of the microscope the substance appears to be of a rhubarb color. The species therefore has some little relationship to Patellaria rhabarbarina. The spores sometimes contain a single large nucleus, sometimes three or four small ones and sometimes a mass of granular endochrome. PATELLARIA LEPTOSPERMA 2. SD. Black, stipitate; receptacle plane, the margin narrow or obliterated, about one line broad, externally subscabrous ; stem about one line high, scabrous, often longitudinally wrinkled when dry ; asci cylindrical or clavate ; spores biseri- ate, slender, elongated, cylindrical, multinucleate or obscurely multiseptate, .0016—.003' long; paraphyses very slender, fili- form, capitate. Dead bark of maple, Acer saccharinum. Oneida. Warne. Buffalo. Clinton. The number of the nuclei is from ten to sixteen. PATELLARIA LIGNYOTA FAY. Decaying wood. Angola. May. Clinton. TYMPANIS TURBINATA Scho. Dead stems of bush honeysuckle, Diervilla lrifida. Center. May. ASCOBOLUS VIRIDIS Curr. Alluvial soil. Albany. June. ASCOBOLUS CRENULATUS Karst. Cow dung. Oneida. Warne. Helderberg Mts. May. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 63 STICTIS (PROPOLIS) CYLINDRICARPA 2. SD. Immersed, minute, erumpent, closely surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, the whitish margin toothed or laciniated, the disk plane, greenish-olivaceous ; spores crowded, cylindri- cal, straight or curved, obtuse, colorless, .0007—.0008' long, .00015’ broad, sometimes obscurely two to three septate. Dead bark of willows. Maryland. September. This occurred in company with Dirmatea inclusa. Its relationship is with Stictis versicolor, of which it may yet prove to be a minute variety. HyYSTERIUM AUSTRALE Duby. Dead grape-vines. Poughkeepsie. W. R. Gerard. HYSTERIUM TRUNCATULUM C. & P. Decaying wood. Buffalo. Clinton. The spores are of the same character as those of Hysterium pulicare, differing only in their larger size. HYSTERIUM ELLIPTICUM DC. Hickory bark. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Hystrrium Tuurarum C. & P. | Bark of Thuja occidentalis. New Baltimore. HH. C. Howe, 110 eal OS HyYstTERIUM (GLONIUM) PARVULUM Ger. Decaying wood. Poughkeepsie. (Gerard. Hysrerium (GLONIUM) SIMULANS Ger. Decaying wood. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. North Green- bush. HypoDERMA DrsMAzIERIT Duby. Fallen pine leaves. Poughkeepsie. Gerard. Sandlake. July. HYPOMYCES OCHRACEUS Twi. Decaying Polyporus. Helderberg Mts.. May. HYPOXYLON SUBORBICULARE 7”. Sp. Stroma thin, flattened, erumpent, suborbicular, surrounded by the ruptured epidermis, growing from the inner bark, purplish-brown, then black, the surface slightly uneven as if areolate-rimose ; perithecia monostichous, subglobose ; ostiola 64 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. sunken, perforate, sometimes whitish ; spores unequally ellipti- cal, colored, .0004—.0005' long. Maple bark, Acer saccharinum. Sandlake. November. This species is apparently allied to H. Laschii Nke., and approaches in some respects species of Nummularia. DOTHIDEA RIMINCOLA Schw. Dead twigs of Diervilla trifida. Buffalo. Clinton. I fail to see why Schweinitz referred this fungus to the genus Hysterium since there is no chink or linear opening in any of the specimens that have come under my inspection. DOTHIDEA EPISPHERIA 2. Sp. Stroma small, slightly prominent, scattered or subconfiuent, often irregular, carbonaceous, black ; nuclei numerous, white within ; spores crowded or biseriate, lanceolate or subfusiform, colorless, .0006—.0007 long. Effete Diatrype stigma. Maryland. September. The spores may possibly be uniseptate when fully mature. Those examined are not clearly septate. DoTHIDEA CaARIcis F7. Dead leaves of Carex Pennsylvoanica. West Albany. June. DoTHIDEA OsMUNDE P. & C. n. sp. Minute, linear, innate, erumpent through a narrow chink, scarcely emergent, black, nuclei whitish ; asci subcylindrical ; spores narrow, oblong, uniseptate, slightly constricted, color- less, .00065' long, one cell usually a little swollen at the septum. Dead stems of Osmunda. Buffalo. Clinton. Sandlake. June. Authors do not all agree in the characters they ascribe to the spores of Dothidea filicina, one describing them as ‘‘ elliptical uniseptate,’’ another as ‘‘triseptate.’’ Neither of these descrip- tions will apply to the spores of the species just characterized. The Dothidea which I tind on Ptleris aquilina, the habitat assigned to D. filicina, has the spores triseptate. DIATRYPE FERRUGINEA FT. Dead branches of birch, Betula lutea. Sandlake. August. VALSA JUGLANDICOLA Sch. Dead hickory branches. Buffalo. December. Clinton. West Troy. June. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 65 VALSA (OBVALLATA) INNUMERABILIS 7. SD. Pustules small, very numerous, generally crowded and seri- ately placed ; perithecia four to ten, nestling in the inner bark ; ostiola short, crowded, quadrisulcate, black ; spores crowded, cylindrical, curved, obtuse, slightly colored, .0004 long. Dead elm branches. Greenbush. May. On the smaller twigs the pustules are more scattered and not arranged in lines. CUCURBITARIA BERBERIDIS G7. Dead stems of barberry, Berberis vulgaris. Buffalo. Decem- ber. Clinton. LoPHIOSTOMA OBTECTUM 72. Sp. Perithecia numerous, immersed, slightly elevated, covered by the epidermis which is pierced by the narrow compressed ostiola ; asci cylindrical or clavate; spores variable, crowded or biseriate, rarely uniseriate, at first pale, subacute and one to three-septate, then obtuse, oblong or subfusiform, five or six- septate, colored, .001'-.0014 long, usually constricted at the septa and occasionally with longitudinal septa. Dead branches of prickly ash, Xanthoxzylwm Americanum. Bethlehem. July Apparently aie to L. bicuspidata Ck., but I can detect no hyaline beaks at the extremities of the young spores. SPHARIA (VILLOS#) CLINTONII 2. sp. (Plate II, figs. 19-23.) Perithecia very small, .005—.006' broad, subglobose, gregari- ous, black, clothed with erect, black, bristly hairs ; spores fusi- form, multinucleate, then five to seven-septate, colorless, .0016—.0018' long. Decaying wood. Alden. November. Clinton. Related to S. scopula C. & P., trom which it differs in its smaller perithecia, and broader spores with fewer septa. SPHZRIA XESTOTHELE B. & C. Birch bark. Oneida. Warne. : SPHZRIA (DENUDATA) EXIGua C. & P. Perithecia subgregarious, small, .013’ broad, globose, some- times collapsed, smooth, shining, black, papillate ; asci clavate or cylindrical ; spores elliptical, binucleate, then one to three- septate, hyaline, .0006—.0007' long, .0003' broad. Decaying wood. Richfield Springs. July. Clintcn. 5 66 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. SPH#ERIA CLASTERIUM B. & C. / Bark of Spirea opulifolia. West Albany. October. The spores in our specimens as well as in those received from Dr. Curtis are colored, .0005—.0006' long, with a long colorless appendage at each end. A non-ascigerous state occurred in May in the same locality. The perithecia and spores were the same, but I could detect n asci. : SPH@RIA (OBTECT#Z) SPHHRELLULA 2. Sp. Perithecia minute, scattered or seriately placed, covered by the epidermis which is at length ruptured ; asci broad, obtuse, gradually narrowed above, suddenly contracted at the base; spores crowded, fusiform, uniseptate, hyaline, .0005’—.0006’ long. Dead bleached twigs of striped maple, Acer Pennsylvanicum. Catskill Mts. June. The asci imitate in form those of some species of Spheerella. SPHARIA (CAULICOLA) EXERCITALIS 2. Sp. Perithecia minute, crowded, arranged in long lines, at first covered by the epidermis which at length is ruptured in long chinks ; ostiola prominent, subcylindrical, blunt or subacute ; asci-subcylindrical ; spores oblong or subfusiform, quadrinu- cleate, colorless, .0005’ long. Dead stems of herbs. Catskill Mts. June. The species is remarkable for the long lines of perithecia and the prominent ostiola which are suggestive of lines of armed men. SPH ARIA (CAULICOLA) VIRIDELLA 2. Sp. Perithecia small, gregarious, seated on a greenish spot, cov- ered by the epidermis which is ruptured by the minute ostiola ; asci cylindrical ; spores oblong-fusiform, sometimes curved, triseptate, greenish, .001’ long, the third cell from the base swollen. . Dead stems of melilot. Bethlehem. September. The marked feature of the species is the greenish color of the spot and of the spores. The latter resemble those of S. sudb- conica OC. & P., except in color. SPH#RIA (CAULICOLZ) SCAPOPHILA n. sp. (Plate II, figs. 24-27.) Perithecia minute, subglobose, scattered, covered by the epidermis which is ruptured by the minute perforated ostiola ; REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 67 asci cylindrical; spores crowded or biseriate, subcylindrical, yellowish, .001—.0012’ long, seven-septate, one apical and three basal cells longer than the others. Dead scapes of the pitcher plant, Sarracenia purpurea. Adirondack Mts. August. SPH ARIA (CAULICOLA) ONOSMODINA P. & C. n. sp. Perithecia numerous, minute, at first covered by the epider- mis, then exposed, depressed, black ; ostiola pierced; asci cylindrical ; spores crowded or biseriate, oblong-elliptical, uni- septate, colorless, .0006’—.0007’ long, the cells usually unequal. - Dead stems of Onosmodium Carolinianum. Buffalo. June. Clinton. SPHHRIA HERBARUM Pers. Dead stems of Scirpus validus. Buffalo. June. Clinton. SPHHRELLA VACCINII Cf. Fallen leaves of Vacciniwm corymbosum. Center. May. SPH#HRELLA IMPATIENTIS P. & C. n. Sp. Perithecia abundant, minute, black ; asci subcylindrical ; spores crowded, oblong or lanceolate, uniseptate, usually quad- rinucleate, .0005’ long. Living or languishing leaves of touch-me-not, Jimpatiens Fuloa. Buffalo. Clinton. Adirondack Mts. June to August. PYRENOPHORA PHZOCOMES /77. Dead grass. Sandlake. June. 68 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. (5. ) REMARKS AND OBSERVATIONS. VIoLA SELKIRKIL Pursh. Oneida. According to Mr. Warne’s observations the flower- ing period of this plant continues considerably longer than the time indicated in Paine’s Catalogue. DROSERA LONGIFOLIA JL. A dwarf form, bearing but a single terminal flower, occurs at Calamity Pond, Adirondack Mts. RHUS COPALLINA JZ. Green Island and Center. RHUS VENENATA DC. Not uncommon in swampy places about Albany. It is gene- rally supposed that the poisonous properties of this plant are to be dreaded only while the tree is living, but several cases have been reported to me in which persons were severely poisoned from using the wood as fuel. UTRICULARIA RESUPINATA Geen. Shallow water along the shores of Lake Jimmy and Lake Sallie, Adirondack Mts. August. ATRIPLEX PATULA JZ. This is evidently spreading and becoming quite common about Albany. PINUS RESINOSA Ait. Portage. Clinton. A beautiful grove of young trees of this species occurs at Long Lake, Hamilton county. I have seen it at Center, in Sandlake, on the Catskill and the Helderberg mountains and in several places in the northern counties where it is by no means rare. The cones, so far as I have observed, are not always deciduous after the falling of the seed, nor are they terminal except when quite young, the prolongation of the branch soon rendering them lateral. Frequently two and sometimes three generations of fully developed cones may be seen ona branch at one time. The species may be separated from Pinus mitis by the absence of prickles on the cone scales and by the longer leaves which occur only in pairs. Pinus BANKsSIANA Lambert. Having comer southern specimens of Pinws inops Ait. with the New York specimens formerly reported as P. inops, Tam satisfied that the latter should be referred to P. Banksiana, REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 69 notwithstanding the presence of prickles on the cones. In these specimens the cones are one to one inch and a half in length, and the prickles are very short, weak and obscure, and on some of the scales are wanting. In the southern specimens the cones are two inches in length and the prickles are stout and very distinct on all the scales. The leaves in both are of the same length, but less dense in the southern specimens. It is possible that P. inops and also P. mitis, which Dr. Torrey reported, on the authority of Michaux, as occurring near Albany, may occur in the southern part of the State or on Long Island. At present we can claim positively only the four species, P. Strobus, P. rigida, P. resinosa and P. Banksiana. The last one is not known to me to occur anywhere in the State except in Essex county where it was first detected by Dr. G. 7. Stevens. The four New York species may be tabulated in such a way as to be easily identified by any one possessing a branch bear- ing either leaves or cones ; thus, LEAVES. Five leaves in a cluster...... White Pine, Pinus Strobus Z. Three leaves in a cluster..... Pitch Pine.. Pinus rigida Jil. Two leaves in a cluster, 3-6 miehes. lone: ou. J as ee 2 Red Pine... Pinus resinosa A7z. Two leaves in a cluster, 1-2 apeetres. Lone fst os aes Scrub Pine.. Pinus Banksiana Lamb. CoNES. ~Cones cylindrical, scales unarmed ... Pinus Strobus Z. Cones ovate conical, scales tipped with SMO PEICILC.... wa alee wo eee 2 Srna Pinus rigida J77/. Cones ovate-conical, scales unarmed.. Pinus resinosa A7é. Cones oblong-conical, usually curved, prickles none or weak............<- Pinus Banksiana Lamb. SPARGANIUM MINIMUM Bauhin. This rare species occurs in a pond near Newcomb, Essex county. POTAMOGETON NATANS J. VAR. PROLIXUS och. Lake Sanford, Essex county, with the normal form. The stem is much prolonged beyond the insertion of the peduncle which thus becomes lateral. SMILAX HISPIDA MWuwhl. In a large swamp south of Catskill. No fertile plants were found. 70 _THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. . ELEOCHARIS ROBBINSII Oakes. Lake Harris and Lake Jimmy, Essex county. At the latter lake it is associated with Utricwlaria resupinate and Myriop- hyllum tenellum. I have recently received these three species from Long Island. ScIRPUS SUBTERMINALIS Torr. Lake Harris and Lake Jimmy. The former lake affords a variety of water plants, including Brasenia peltata, Nymphea odorata, Nuphar advena, VN. Kalmiana, Potamogeton natans, P. Claytonii, P. perfoliatus and P. pectinatus. ScrrPus PAUCIFLORUS Light. Newcomb. July. ERIOPHORUM GRACILE Koch. Mud Pond near Long Lake. July. AGARICUS DETERSIBILIS Pk. I find that this name is preoccupied and must therefore be changed. I would substitute for it Agaricus erinaceéilus Pk. AGARICUS JOHNSONIANUS PA. ) This species occurred the past season in the original locality. I had not seen it till then since its discovery in 1869. AGARICUS (CREPIDOTUS) VERSUTUS 2. Sp. Pileus at first resupinate, then reflexed, sessile, thin, pure white, covered by a soft downy villosity, the margin incurved ; lamelle rather broad and subdistant, terminating in an eccen- tric point, rounded behind, pale, then ferruginous ; stem none ; spores ferruginous-brown, subelliptical, .0004’ long. Plant gregarious, 4’—10" broad. Much decayed half-buried wood, vegetable mold and even rocks. This plant was reported under the name A. chimonophilus B. & Br., but it is evidently a distinct species. It loves very damp shaded places, frequently growing in cavities and on half buried wood, as if avoiding the light. The villosity is of a peculiar soft and delicate character and is easily destroyed by handling the specimens. CoRTINARIUS COMMUNIS Pk. The spores of this plant have a dull brownish tinge, unlike those of true Cortinarii and much like those of some species of Pholiota. I have also found it growing from buried pine chips, REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 71 another point of affinity with Pholiota. Still, the absence of an annulus and the arachnoid character of the veil seem to forbid its reference to this subgenus. ° PANUS DORSALIS Pose. The form that occurs here does not well agree with the description of the species. It has no stem and is of a buff or pale-yellow color. The cuticle does not break up into ‘‘ floccose scales,’’ but the pileus is strigose-hairy, especially toward the margin. The spores are of a beautiful fleshy-pink color like the lamellz of young Agaricus campestris. It grows on beech and birch. I have not found it on pine. If the type is accu- rately described, our plant ought at least to be considered. a distinct variety. | PANUS OPERCULATUS B. & C. It is not rare on alder trunks and branches, but the veil or operculum is generally very fugacious, so that it is rarely seen except in very young plants. LENZITES SEPIARIA VAR. POROSA. This remarkable variety was detected at Long Lake, in Ham- ilton county. The whole hymenium is porous so that the plant might easily be taken for a species of Polyporus. All the spe- cimens found on a single pine trunk were of this character. LENZITES CooKE! Berk. The opinion has somewhere been expressed that Daedalea confragosa and Trametes rubescens are one species. I am dis- posed not only to adopt this opinion, but also to add to these synonyms Lenzites Cookei, L. Crategi, L. proxima and pos- sibly L. Alotzschii. Excepting the last one, of which I have seen no diagnosis, the descriptions of these so-called species are all applicable to a single fungus common with us. Neither description covers all the forms of the fungus, each is applica- ble to one or another of its forms. Indeed, so wonderfully variable and comprehensive is this Z. Cooke, of which scarcely more than a two-line description was given, that not only does it exhibit all the essential characters of the five species named, but its hymenium, utterly regardless of the generic limitations of the books, assumes the hymenial characters of four genera éven, viz. : Lenzites, Dedalea, ‘Trametes and Polyporus. A Species So comprehensive in its characters certainly deserves a more extended notice than any yet given to it. It generally grows singly and stemless, but in rare instances I have seen it clustered and with a stem-like base. When growing upon large trunks, the pileus is nearly semiorbicular ; 72 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. but when growing upon small trunks or branches, which seem to be a favorite habitat, and which it partly surrounds or clasps by its base, it becomes somewhat reniform. Sometimes it is quite orbicular, in which case it usually occurs on the under side of a branch to which it is attached by its vertex, or on the upper side to which it is attached by an eccentric or the central point of the hymenium. It is normally and repeatedly zonate and more or less sulcate, with the zones usually quite narrow and not differing very much in color from the general hue of the pileus. Slight radiating ruge or elevations are generally present, and these, in passing over the furrows, sometimes ren- der the surface rough or scabrous. This roughness is occasion- ally increased to such an extent that the surface becomes very uneven, especially toward the base. Not very rarely a kind of tough appressed and at length hardened and glabrated tomen- tum overspreads a part or the whole of the pileus and thus con- ceals to a greater or less extent the zones and radiations. This coating can sometimes be separated from the pileus in scales or flakes like a kind of crust. It is most often limited to the basal or central portions of the pileus. Its unequal distribution gives a rough and unnatural appearance to the plant. In some speci- mens the pileus is dull and opaque, in others it is smooth and shining. In size it occurs from half an inch to three and a half inches in diameter. The substance is usually rather thin, sometimes much thinner than the hymenium. The upper surface is plane or slightly convex, though specimens are not wanting in which the pileus is much thickened behind so that it approaches an ungulate form. I have seen it in different individuals both umbonate and depressed at the base, but these are rare and exceptional forms. In color there is considerable diversity, some specimens being whitish, or gray, others having a dark reddish-brown or chestnut color. Between these ex- tremes there is a great variety of intermediate hues, but a kind of pallid wood-color, more or less tinged with rufous or cervine hues, prevails. The thin margin is usually concolorous, but sometimes in pale specimens it is more highly colored than the rest. Occasionally the whole plant assumes a ruddy hue in drying. The substance has a color similar to that of the surface of the pileus, but in dark specimens it is a little paler. The hymenium varies if possible more than the hymenophore. There are four typical forms which for convenience may be called lenzitoid, dedaleoid, trametoid and polyporoid. In the first the dissepiments are lamellee, here and there forked or dichotomously branched and sometimes slightly anastomosing, especially at the base. Such specimens would be referred to Lenzites. Inthe second the pores are unequal, some of them elongated and flexuous or labyrinthiform. Such specimens belong to Dedalea. In the third, rotund and straight elongated pores are intermingled and generally arranged in a radiating manner. These belong to 7rametes. In the fourth the pores REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 73 are equal, or nearly so, and rotund or subrotund. So far as the external characters are concerned, these would be referred to the genus Polyporus. Specimens representing all these forms are before me as I write, and yet J can only believe that they are all forms of one species. For besides these marked types all kinds of intermediate connecting links occur among the scores of specimens that I have collected from various localities. What shall we say of the generic distinctions that are thus swept away by a single species? In which genus shall we place our protean plant? But its characters are not yet fully recorded. In the fresh growing state the dissepiments are thick obtuse and covered with a whitish pruinosity which gives the hymenium a whitish or cinereous appearance, but with advancing age this pruinosity disappears, the dissepiments become thinner and the color becomes darker, sometimes even darker than the surface of the pileus. They at last become toothed or lacerated and lamellated, so that what at first was tranvetoid often in old age becomes lenzitoid. If a horizontal section of such a lenzitoid hymenium be made it will be found that near the hymenophore the hymenium is still trametoid, and that there the dissepiments are still thick and firm and the pores distinct. The surface of the hymenium varies from slightly concave to very convex. Most often it is nearly plane or somewhat sloping or deepened toward the base. Not infre- quently it is slightly decurrent at the base. I have found the plant growing on oak, willow, birches and alders. It matures in autumn. - Such are the prominent characters of this remarkable fungus, which probably includes at least five so-called species. Three of these are described as being, sometimes at least, radiate- rugulose or radiate-striate, and always zonate. Another is described as scabrous and subzonate. These characters are present in our plant. So also are the various modifications of the hymenium which determine the three genera to which these five supposed species have been referred. The texture ascribed to them all is essentially the same and the special features of each are exhibited in one or another of the various forms of our plant. I would therefore group the following as forms of one species so-far as can be ascertained from the published descriptions : Dedalea confragosa Pers. which is represented by forms of our plant having a scabrous somewhat zoned pileus of a red- dish-brown color and a déeedaleoid hymenium. Our specimens exhibit these characters combined, except the color which is paler. Trametes rubescens A. & 8. which is represented by forms that assume the ruddy color and have the trametoid hymenium. We have such specimens. Lenzites Crategi Berk. which is represented by forms having a shining pileus attached by the vertex and having a trameto- lenzitoid hymenium. 74 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Our specimens illustrate this also with the bare exception that the pileus is not shining. Lenzites Cookei Berk. which is represented by forms with the pileus of a cervine hue and with a trameto-lenzitoid hymenium. Our specimens of course accord with this since we have those from which the types were taken. Lenzites proxima Berk. should also be added to this list of supposed synonyms. I havea single specimen which accords very well with the description of that plant, but it is really only a form of the same protean fungus with the thin flattened pileus completely overspread by the peculiar tomentum previously described. Also the form with the polyporoid hymenium agrees remark- ably well with a specimen received from Dr. Curtis and labeled by him ‘‘ Lenzites Klotzschii Berk.’’ Of this species I have seen no description. The form with the purely lenzitoid hymenium coincides to a great extent with the description of Lenzites tricolor Fr., but the pileus is not ‘‘gibbous at the base’’ nor ‘‘ scabrous-tomen- tose,’’ neither does it agree in color, so that the two are perhaps distinct, though my Curtisian specimens of L. se are clearly a form of this protean fungus. Another remarkable form which corresponds to no descrip- tion that I have seen has the pileus plane or depressed above with the hymenium very decurrent and wholly porous. The pileus is sometimes so much reduced that the whole plant appears like a pulvinate mass of pores. The pores are much | smaller in this than in any other form that I have seen. The whole plant has a singular deformed appearance utterly unlike any of the other forms, and yet no one familiar with the various aspects of the species would think of separating this from the others. That my views of the synonymy of the various forms of this plant will prove to be well founded I have no doubt, and that they will in that case render necessary the application of some single name to the species and a recasting or modification of the present characters of the genera Lenzites, Deedalea and Trametes is evident. Doubtless the oldest specific name ‘‘ con- Jragosa”’ should be retained, no matter in what genus the plant may ultimately be placed, although some such name as “ va7ri- abilis’’ might be more appropriate and expressive. The other specific names might be retained to designate their respective forms as varieties. Thus the form known as Trametes rubes- cens would become Dedalea confragosa var. rubescens. BoLETusS CLINTONIANUS VA. This rare species, heretofore found in one locality only, was detected the past season at Center, near Albany, where it was growing in company with Boletus ampliporus. The recur- rence of fungi after long intervals and especially in widely REPORT OF THE BoTANIST. 75 separated localities is an interesting and remarkable feature in these singular plants. POLYPORUS NIGROPURPURASCENS Schw. A resupinate form was found on elm in Bethlehem. In some of these specimens the hymenium was much paler than is usual in this species. The pores are seated on a thin but tough elas- tic membrane which is separable from the substance of the pileus. STEREUM BALSAMEUM PA. The hymenium in this becomes red or blood-stained where wounded as in S. sanguinolentum. Its general color is darker than in that species. STEREUM PURPUREUM FY. I find this a very variable plant. One form has the hymenium very pale with only a slight purplish tint. Another has the pileus zoneless and when moist it is darker than when dry. CoRYNEUM CLAV =sPoruM Ph. This proves to be the same as Hzosporium Tilie Lk. Ihave never been able to find it with flocci and therefore doubt if it should be referred to the genus Helminthosporium as some authors think. Pucorn1aA HrERAct Mart. Mr. M. Ruger sends specimens of a Puccinia found on leaves of hawkweed, at Woodhaven, L. L., which should perhaps be referred to this species, but I fail to find any good mark of distinction between it and P. variabilis. PucctntA AMPHIBII A'ch. This is now regarded as distinct from P. Polygonorum, and our specimens of Puccinia on leaves of P. amphibium should be referred to.it. USTILAGO URCEOLORUM 7727. This occurs in the Adirondack region on Carea stricta, C. stellulata, C. crinita, C. utriculata and C. oligosperma. TRICHOBASIS Hower Ph. I would change this name to Uromyces Howei Pk. since I find that the pedicels, though very short and obscure, are permanent. * 76 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. AXCIDIUM PYROLATUM Schw. This seems to be one of the connecting links between Aicidium and Uredo. Leaves affected by it are more erect than the others and have a pale sickly appearance, so that it is not difficult, in looking at a patch of: the round leaved Pyrola, to tell at a glance what leaves are affected by the fungus. ZKCIDIUM EUPHORBLE Pers. - This species occurs quite commonly some seasons on Huphor- bia maculata in company with Uromyces Huphorbie. The branches whose leaves are affected by it are more erect than the others and more slender in their mode of growth. NECTRIA PULICARIS 7. The spores in this species are described in the Handbook of British Fungi as ‘‘elliptical or pyriform.’’ In the fungus inhabiting old corn-stalks and referred by some botanists to this species, the spores are oblong-fusiform. XYLARIA DIGITATA Gev. A Xylaria occurs quite frequently in our woods which has the smooth stem of this species and the short spores of X. Hypoxylon, thus ranking intermediate between the two. [am not fully satisfied whether it should be considered a distinct species or a variety of one or the other. The true X. digitata is quite rare in our State. RHYTISMA LINEARE Pk. This should be referred to the genus Hypoderma. It is, however, quite distinct from H. nerviseguum to which one writer has referred it. HYSTERIUM CLAVISPORUM C. & P. I have never been able to detect the narrow linear orifice of the genus Hysterium in this species. In my opinion it.belongs rather to the genus Dothidea. The same may also be said of Hyster‘um Rimincola Schw. DoTHIDEA DALIBARD& Pk. This rare species has occurred near Mud Pond in Hamilton county. VALSA RUFESCENS Schw. Mr. J. B. Ellis informs me that the specimens of this plant in the Schweinitzian Herbarium have simple cylindrical spores, .0003-.0004 long. This would make it distinct from V. acw- leans Schw. with which it has sometimes been confused. REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 77 SPHARIA CoLutnsit Schw. This occurs in the Adirondack region on leaves of Spiraea salicifolia. The branches in this as in Amelanchier Canaden- sis are swollen and distorted by the fungus. VENTURIA MACULANS Pk. I am satisfied that this is only a form of Sphaeria ditricha Fr., a species which has been referred to Spheerella, though in my opinion it is a good Venturia. The following list of parasitic fungi and their host plants is additional to the one given in the preceding report : Puccinia orbicula P. & C. inhabits Solidago arguta Aiz. P. Hydrophylli P. &éC. ‘¢ Hydrophyllum Virginicum ily P. Hieracii Mart. ‘¢ Hieracium Canadense Wz. Urocystis pompholygodes Schl.‘ Anemone nemorosa Z,. ( Carex stricta Lam. | C stellulata Z. Ustilago urceolorum TJ 7. Serie G, crinita Lam. I. utriculata Boott. LC. oligosperma Mz. Melampsora Epilobii A’ck7. ‘¢ Epilobium angustifolium Z. Uredo Cassandre P. & C. ‘* Cassandra calyculata Don. Discella arida Pk. ‘< Cassandra calyculata Don. Spheropsis minima Bb. éC. ‘* Acer rubrum L. Helminthosporium Absinthii Artemisia Absinthium JZ. Pk. 66 Cladosporium depressum ‘¢ Archangelica atropurpurea B. & Br. Hoffm. Ramularia brunnea PA. ‘¢ Tussilago Farfara Z. Cystopus cubicus Mart. ‘¢ Ambrosia artemisiefolia Z. Cercospora Symplocarpi Pk. ‘6 Symplocarpus foetidus Salish. C. leptosperma PA. ‘¢ Aralia nudicaulis Z. C. Ampelopsidis PA. ‘¢ Ampelopsis quinquefolia Mz. C. Chenopodii A’ck. ‘¢ Chenopodium album. Z. Anemone nemorosa /,. ee eo ye gaa Hepatica triloba Chaiz. oe P. infestans De By. ‘¢ Solanum tuberosum ZL. P. alta Ack. ‘¢ Plantago major Z. P. effusa Grev. ‘¢ (nothera biennis Z. Erysiphe Liriodendri Schw. <‘* Liriodendron Tulipifera Z. Spherotheca Castagnei Zev. ‘* Geranium maculatum JZ. Epichloe typhina Berk. ‘¢ ~~ Glyceria nervata Trin. Spheeria Collinsii Schw. ‘¢ Spireea salicifolia L. Spherella Impatientis P. & C. ‘* Impatiens fulva Vwiz. 78 THIRTIETH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. In closing this report, grateful acknowledgments are rendered to those botanists whose names already appear in the preceding pages for their kind codperation in the investigation of our flora, and for their generous contributions of specimens. When no name is added to the station or stations herein given the plant has been found therein by the writer. Dates signify the time when the specimens were collected. Respectfully submitted. .CHAS. H. PECK ALBANY, January 6, 1877. Fig. Fig. Fig. [a] 11. 15. ». 16. rv Le: EXPLANATION OF PLATE II. & DIACHZ#A SPLENDENS Peck. Page 50. . Part of a leaf bearing several plants. . Two plants magnified, one with part of the peridium removed to show the capillitium and penetrating stem. . A fragment of the capillitium x 400. . Four spores * 400. PHYSARUM ALBICANS Peck. Page 50. _ A piece of bark bearing several plants. . Two plants magnified, one with most of the peridium removed to reveal the capillitium and slightly penetrating stem. . A fragment of the capillitium x 400. . Four spores < 400. SPH#ERONEMA AURANTIACUM Peck. Page 51. _ A piece of bark bearing the fungus. 10. A piece of the matrix and two perithecia with globules at the apex, magnified. Six spores & 400. CLAVARIA TYPHULOIDES Peck. Page 49. . Piece of a stem bearing six plants, . Two plants, magnified. . Five spores 400. Puysarum Lureotum Peck Page 50. A leaf bearing a cluster of the plants. A plant magnified, showing the stellately ruptured peridium., A fragment of the capillitium x 400. Four spores X 400. Plate oe ’ State Mus. Nat. Hist. 30. Ke a Peek Le Pre Sree | | Se ere may HX PLANAVTION “Oo PiyA WS: Big. v1. Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4. Fig. 5 Fig. 6. ut aie hisses 8 Fig. 9 Fig. 10 Fig. 11 Fig. 12. Fig. 13 Fig. 14. Fig. 15. Fig. 16. 1a Fig. 18. TDR, Al Fig. 20 Fig. 21 Fig. 22 Fig. 23 EXPLANATION OF PLATE IL AGARICUS GRACILOIDES Peck. Page 42. Two plants of ordinary size ; one showing the striatulations of the moist pileus. . Vertical section of a pileus. . Transverse section of a stem. Four spores X 400. HELOTIUM CARICINELL um Peck. Page 61. _ Piece of a sedge leaf bearing the fungus. Two plants magnified. Two paraphyses gnd an ascus containing spores « 400. . Three spores X 400. Peziza pistineva Peck. Page 60. . Piece of a culm bearing six plants. . A plant with the mouth expanded, magnified. . A plant with the mouth contracted, magnified. A paraphysis and an ascus containing spores 400. . Four spores 400. EXxcIPpULA LANUGINOSA Peck. Page 52. Piece of a stem bearing several plants. A young unexpanded plant, magnified. An expanded plant, magnified, Three hairs « 400. Several spores & 400. PErzizZA WARNE! Peck. Page 59. . Three plants of unequal size. . A paraphysis and an ascus containing spores X 400. 21. Three spores « 400. e OLADOSPORIUM DEPRESSUM B. & Br. Page 54. . Part of a leaf bearing the fungus. . Two flocci « 400. . Three spores ‘400. = en ee ae Ou, at. Hist N Mus tate Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. % Fig. ‘Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. 24. 25. 26. 27. PLATE II — (Continued). SpH#R1A Ciintonu Peck. Page 65. . A piece of wood bearing the fungus. . A perithecium, magnified. . A seta of the perithecium 400. . An ascus containing spores & 400. . Four spores x 400. a SPHARIA SCAPOPHILA Peck. Page 66. Piece of a scape bearing the fungus. A piece of the matrix with two perithecia, magnified. ‘An ascus containing spores 400. Three spores x 400. HevmMinruosPorium ApBsinvuul Peck. Page 54. . A leaf bearing patthes of the fungus. 29. 30. Two flocci 400. Four spores < 400. {kossivisea) — TE SP ATT: y ASF WOTRLAD EVR HA 4 . K “" te agit ‘ae i aime? sald unianodt bow tolg bulge. soe Db >. anrivastaprny, ott ii DE x ert woinieliios ONE oy eribge ~ own BALLOT Ae RAAB MAG iO epit ao) ot ghee sqioe ® te botinown wiekhitteg ave din Aten ail ie ogee, OUP c eetGtpe YrriO Lion BOaRR AW or A \WwrAvad k. Mea ao tno writ a8 + bt rat area) oa! to anda via tag Mb >< loot Oe. BY = #3 LA tale ee! ee ere bee veh be OA ie i 4 a 1) Siete eh ee eee ape wih Twiarty First REGENTS REPORT. for year Lae 1 | iy Th 3 * eee oe ae REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. 3/ Rtg ey: y: 8S. B. WootwortaH, LL. D., Secretary of the Board of Regents of the University : ae __ Srr—Since the date of my last report, specimens of one hundred nnd eighty a8 nine species\of plants have been mounted and placed in the Herbarium of the % State Museum of Natural History, of which one hundred and sixty-two were no before represented therein. Twenty-seven are improved specimens or ney varieties not before represented. A list of the specimens mounted is marked (I _ Specimens have been collected in the counties of Albany, Columbia, De ware, Essex, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schoharie and Ulster. ‘I'hese represent one hundred and twenty-seven species new to the Herbarium, fifty- -eight. of which ; are believed to be new or hitherto undescribed. A list of the specimens — 0. lected i is marked (2). Specimens of twenty New York species, new to the Herbarium, and : among my collections of the past season, have been contributed by, or be obtained in naming specimens for, correspondents. These added to the collecte species make the whole number of additions one hundred and forty-seven spon A list of contributors and their contributions is marked (3). _ Previously unreported species and descriptions of new species are given in part of the report marked (4). New stations of rare plants, remarks and obser- vations will be found in a part marked (5). A few discoveries of special | inter Oy est are herewith narrated. z _* It is a well-known fact that various insects are subject to the attacks of pai ars sitic fungi, which prove fatal to them. The common house-fly is destroyed by one, the silk-worm by another, and the pupz of different moths by others. — eae ; Another noticeable instance of this kind was observed the past season. It -_ was found that the ““Seventeen-year Locust,” Cicada septendecim, which made 5 - its appearance in the Hudson River Valley early in the summer, was affected F by afungus. The first specimen of this kind that I saw was taken in NewJer- " ee tse ee pie a Sia, i > i a eee ee a = sey, and sent to me by Rev. R. B. Post. Examination revealed the fact thai : the Cicadas, or “‘Seventeen-year Locusts,”’ in this vicinity, were also affected by it. The fungus develops itself in the abdomen of the insect, and cone Fi almost wholly of a mass of pale-yellowish or clay-colored spores, which, to the — naked eye, has the appearance of a lump of whitish clay. The insects attacked — : j by it become sluggish and averse to flight, so that they can easily be taken by hand. After a time some of the posterior rings of the abdomen fall aw f revealing the fungus within. Strange as it may seem, the insect may, and sometimes does live for a time even in this condition. ‘hough it is not killec % at once, it is manifestly incapacitated for pr opagation, and, therefore, the fungu: a may be said to prevent, to some extent, the injury that would otherwise be don to the trees by these insects in the deposition of their eggs. or the same rea son, the insects of the next generation must be less numerous than they other- - wise would be, so that the fungus may be regarded as a beneficial one. In ae Columbia county, the disease prevailed to a considerable extent. Along the a Tine of the railroad between Catskill and Livingston stations many dead ee s Pg? te ey Be, found See a few of which were fait by the fungoid mass. akes its appearance only at intervals of seventeen years, and conseque ot be seen here again till 1894, it will searcely be possible to make any observations | on it and its parasite for some time to come, yet it would be inter- — ting to know how the fungus is propagated, or where its germs remain duving long interval between the appearance of two generations. Do the fungus - rms enter the ground in the body of the larva, and slowly develop with its growth, becoming mature when it is mature, or do they remain quiescent on or near the surface of the ground, waiting to enter the body of the pupa as it emerges seventeen years hence? Or, again, is it possible that the fungus is od Be _ developed annually in some closely related species as the “ Harvest-fly,” Cicada f, 3 he canicularis, and that it passes over from its usual habitat to the seventeen-year i _ cicada whenever it has the oportunity? These questions are merely suggestive. They cannot yet be answered.* . ys _ While in the Adirondack region numerous clumps of alders were noticed that — had their leaves nearly all skeletonized by the larvze of some unknown insect, The - __ larvee were nearly black in color and scarcely half an inch long. They were seen countless numbers feeding upon the leaves and threatening by their numbers, en if but half of them should come to maturity, inanother year to completely defo- te the alders of that region. Upon looking under the affected bushes for the yupee of the insect, in order, if possible, to have the means of ascertaining the ecles, what was my astonishment to find the ground thiekly flecked with tie | owny fungoid shroud of a dead larva from thealders, Nota single living pupa could be found, but there were hundreds of dead and moldy larve. killed without ae by _the ‘fungus, which is nature’s antidote to.an over-production of this a tree was observed on which much of ‘the fruit was discolored, and appeared as if © y beginning to decay. Some of the passengers in the stage remarked that they = “never before knew of apples rotting on the tree.’ “Some of the fruit was ; ‘procured, and found to be affected by : a fungus known to botanists by the name Spheropsis Malorum, or apple Sphieropsis. It has been described as attack- _ ing ‘‘apples lying on the ground” in winter. Here was an instance in which __ the apples were attacked while yet on the tree, and that, too, as early as Septem-— : ber. The apples attacked by the fungus are rendered worthless, and experi- Bi “ments recently made indicate that the disease is contagious, and may be com- 4 -_ municated from one apple to another. For example, a perfectly sound apple. _ was placed in a drawer with one that was affected by the fungus. Inafew eS: days the sound apple began to show signs of decay. __ Its whole surface had a assumed a dull brown color as if beginning to rot. Two or three days later ies small pale spots made their appearance, and in the center of each there was a “tf ; ‘minute rupture of the epidermis. An examination of the substance of theapple ~ in these pale spots revealed fungoid filaments that had permeated the cells of _ ie a the apple. In two or three days more, numerous minute black pustules or papillee had appeared. They were thickly scattered over nearly the whole sur- face of the apple. These constitute the Spheropsis. When microscopically . examined, each one of these black papillee is found to contain several oblong pale fungus spores (seeds) supported on a short stem or foot-stalk, from which they soon separate. It would be well, therefore, whenever this fungus-rot makes its er *Since this was written. I have found in the Smithsonian Contributions, Vol. v, -p. 538, a very 3 good account of this fungus, by Dr. Léidy, of Philadelpia, but as noname w vas een to 1h Shas i _ and description will be published. aye ee A : pot} Report oF THE BOTANIST. ‘a1 - appearance, to remove the affected apples at once from the presence of the others, whether they are on the tree or not. It is not enough to throw them on the ground by themselves, for this would not prevent the fungus from maturing and scattering its seeds. They should be buried in the ground, or put in some place where it will not be possible for the fungus to perfect itself and mature its seed. In this way the multiplication of the spores aud the spread of the disease may be prevented. The importance of the balsam fir, Abies balsamea, as an ornamental ever- green and as a source of balsam, renders a brief account of it and its enemies desirable. It prefers wet or marshy soil, in cold, hilly, or mountainous regions, yet it is quite at home on comparatively dry upland, and will thrive in almost any soil. Its growth is rapid, but the tree seldom attains a very large size, the trunk | rarely exceeding one foot in diameter at the base. Its usual diameter is six to eight inches, with a height of thirty to forty feet. It has a straight, gradually tapering trunk, giving off, at intervals of one or two feet, circles of branches, each one of which is a little shorter than the one next below it. This gives to the head or spray a very regular form, resembling in outline an elongated cone. The branches are given off at a wide angle with the trunk. They are generally a little ascending, but sometimes horizontal, or slightly deflexed. The branch- lets are. numerous, and given off with considerable regularity at each node, though scattering or adventitious branches and branchlets are of frequent occur- rence, both on the trunk and branches. There are usually three regular branch- lets at’ each node, two spreading laterally (one from each side of the branch), and one extending downwards and outwards beneath the branch, The leaves have been described in some botanical works as two-ranked. They are, how- ever, scattered on all sides of the leading shoots and branchlets, and are more or less spirally arranged in their insertion; but those on the lower side of the branchlets are so curved and directed upwards and outwards that they appear, as a whole, to be somewhat two-ranked. They are flattened like the leaves of the hemlock, but are usually longer than those of either tlie hemlock or spruce. The lower surface is marked by a prominent midrib, and has a silvery or glau- cous lustre, which, combined with the deep green of the upper surface, gives to the foliage a richness and beauty unequaled by that of any other of our ever- greens. They remain upon the tree four or five years, so that all the shorter branches are clad with rich, dense foliage, throughout their whole extent. The cones or fruit of the balsam are produced on the upper and, consequently, on the shorter and younger branches. I have never seen them on branches below the middle of the tree. They stand erect on the branches, and in this respeet — differ essentially from the pendulous cones of the spruce and hemlock. On the yery short branches, near the top of the tree, they are often so close together that they appear crowded or clustered. Before maturity, they are more or less tinged with bluish, or violet and purplish hues, but their beauty 1s generally impaired by copious exudations of resin. When quite young they are bristly with the long, slender points of the bracts, but these are at length nearly con- cealed by the overlapping scales. The cones have been described as three to four inches long, but I have never seen them so long. ‘Their usual length with us is one and a half to two and a half inches. Sometimes, on the mountains, small trees four to six feet high bear a few cones. This tree, like the spruce, in some situations varies considerably from the typical form, In the Catskill ” Mountains I have seen it dwarfed to a diffusely spreading bush, similar to the ground hemlock. Near the summit of the high peaks of the Adirondacks it loses its beauty and thrift, and forms dense thickets in which the trunks are but _ peaks of the Adirondacks, for they are passed only with the utmost difficulty | ‘ ws é “ey a Ks ' ay wid 8 EY ¥ 72 Rega THIRTY-FIRST REPORT ON THE STATE Museum. wo yo a few feet high, rapidly tapering, and coated with lichens; the branches are — long, straggling, crooked, and interlaced, the whole forming a hedge-like mass through which anything larger than a rabbit would find great difficulty in pass-— ing. Starved by the lack of soil; stunted in its growth by the short, cold seasons ; pressed down by the weight of accumulating snow; and bruised and cut back by masses of ice and frozen snow hurled against it by fierce blasts of . — wind, it can no longer attain its usual size and its natural symmetry of form. These mountain thickets of balsam are of interest to the botanist, because they show the hardy character of the tree, and its ability to live where few other trees ean live; but they are the constant dread of tourists who visit the unfrequented and labor. The wood of the balsam is of little value for lumber owing to the small size of the tree. It contains resin and burns freely, but with a crackling noise. The smoke is very penetrating and irritating to the eyes. Near the summits of the mountains, however, it is almost the only available wood for camps and ~ camp-fires. The bark of this tree furnishes the well-known ‘“ Canada balsam,” a clear viscid resin of considerable repute in medicine and much used in : mounting objects for the microscope. The resin is obtained from small vesicles : or ‘‘blisters’’ in the bark. It is generally more abundant in the thrifty : smooth-barked trees of low damp lands than in the stunted growths of the mountains. Because of the value of this tree as a producer of balsam, and because of its beauty and fitness to adorn parks and pleasure grounds, it ought to be cherished and preserved. But like its companion, the spruce, it has its . insect and fungoid foes. While at Summit, in Schoharie county, in September, I noticed ina small grove of balsams that a dozen or more of the trees had recently been killed or were then dying. The leaves had nearly all changed their color, but for the most part yet remained on the trees. An investigation showed pretty conclusively that an insect was the cause of the death of the trees. A minute bark-mining beetle, both in its mature and in its larval state, was found between the bark and the wood. The beetle perforates the bark, excayates its furrow along the inner surface in a horizontal direction, and deposits ; its eggs along the sides of the furrow which is less than one-sixteenth of an inch in diameter. As soon as the eggs are hatched, the larvee begin to mine furrows of their own at right angles to the original gallery, one part eating their way upward and another downward between the bark and the wood. These larval galleries are nearly parallel to each other, and are at their beginning so minute that they are scarcely perceptible to the naked eye; but as the larya advances in its course, it increases in size and the diameter of its furrow increases in like manner. ‘The larvz were found (in some instances transformed to the mature beetle) each in the larger end of its own furrow. It will be observed from the | direction of the original furrow, how powerful an agent for mischief this minute ~ beetle is. Its work is carried on in the most vital part of the tree. Three or four beetles attacking the trunk at or about the same height, and on different sides of the tree, would completely and effectually girdle it and destroy its life. Even a single beetle, by extending its furrow entirely around the trunk, would accomplish the same result, but no furrows were found thus extended. The length of the original furrows appeared to be less than four inches. The beetle itself is scarcely more than one line long, and belongs to the genus Tomicus. The species is probably undescribed. In the case of the spruce-destroying beetle more workers are necessary to kill the tree because the main furrows are exca- vated longitudinally or parallel to the axis of the trunk, while in the case of the balsam-destroying beetle the original furrow is excavated at right angles to this axis, and therefore cuts off or destroys the vital action over a much broader space. Ce Re RENT Rey MEN ee th oe Sm LPP ce aa REPORT OF THE BoTANIST. Rye Da ti, The destruction of the balsams was not limited to the single grove in which it was first observed. In several places along the road between Summit and Jefferson, dead and dying balsams were noticed; but the affected trees were not very numerous, and it would not be a difficult matter, with prompt and united action, to arrest the progress of the mischief. If each man, on whose land the balsams grow, would, as soon as signs of the presence of the trouble are mani- fest, cut the affected trees, strip off the bark and burn it, he would, by so doing, destroy the colonies of larva, and prevent the further spread of the mischief. It is not at all probable that trees once attacked and showing signs of death can be saved, and it would be far better to cut them immediately than to allow them to remain as nurseries for these tiny marauders. F Four species of fungi are now known that attack the leaves of our balsams. ~~ None of these, so far as I am aware, actually kill the tree, but all of them necessarily detract somewhat from the vigor and the beauty of it. One of them, a kind of cluster-cup fungus, known as Peridermiwin elatinum, or fir-tree Peridermium, consists of minute whitish cups, filled with a deep yellow or orange- colored powder, which is the spores or seeds of the fungus. These cups burst forth from and occupy the whole of the lower surface of the leaf. This fungus ~~ ‘ is very thorough in its work, for every leaf on the affected branches is made to support its share of the cups. It detracts so much from the vigor of the leaves that they have a sickly, yellowish-green color, and do not attain more than half ~~ the size of healthy leaves. Still they are not killed at once. They remainon the tree during the summer, but fall sometime before the next succeeding crop” of leaves is developed, for on the affected branches, only the leaves of a single — season can be found, and these are always on the terminal shoots, and always affected by the fungus. From this, it appears that the disease is in the branch, and bursts out and makes itself visible in each successive crop of leaves. The branches affected by it are deformed, irregular, contorted and massed together, forming that peculiar dense and intricate growth, commonly known as ‘“crow’s nest.” It is not often that more than one or two branches of a tree, with the branchlets, are attacked, consequently it is an easy matter to cut off the affected branches and relieve the tree from this incumbrance. - Another similar fungus, the Peridermiuin balsameum, attacks the leaves in : a sort of hap-hazard manner, affecting some here and some there. This fungus, like the other, consists of minute cups that burst forth from the lower surface of the leaves, but the cups are generally longer and cylindrical, and filled with a pale or whitish powder. The affected leaves in this case attain their normal size, but they lose their green color and become pale yellowish or almost white, and being scattered everywhere among the green leaves, they give a singular variegated appearance to the foliage. I have never met with this fungus except on small balsams in the Adirondack wilderness, and near Summit, and it is not . very likely to prove detrimental to transplanted or cultivated trees. In a grove of young balsams, near Summit, patches or groups of dead leaves were observed on many of the branches of some of the trees. An examination showed that these leaves were affected by two fungi, which, in some instances, were associated together in the same group of leaves, and even on the same leaf; in other cases each fungus occupied exclusively its own group of leaves, One z of them is known to botanists by the name Hypoderma, nervisequum, or nerye- following Hypoderma. It forms a black. line along the midrib of the leaf, — c being more prominent and uniform on the lower surface. This thick black line : or ridge at length ruptures along the center. It contains within a multitude of microscopic, nearly cylindrical, membranous sacks, each of which contains eight long narrow spores, . I er fungus, which does not appear to have been previou 1 I haye given the name Dermatea phyllophila, or leaf-loving n2 consists of minute shallow cups, which break forth from the lower uve: af, rupturing the epidermis, and sometimes throwing off a little scale of : These cups, when moist, are of a dingy-white color, but when dry are contracted, re regular, and of a darker hue. Like the preceding spécies, they contain many nute sacks and spores. Though these fungi kill the leaves that they attack, & be ere is no evidence that they kill the trees, yet, if the attack should extend to “SiN or soa all the leaves on a tree at any one time, it is evident the hife of the: De aa (1.) PLANTS MOUNTED. Not new to the Herbarium. mamelis Virginica L. | Habenaria psychodes Gr. Claytonia Caroliniana Ma. Eleocharis Robbinsii Oakes. . oe osa micrantha Sm. Scirpus subterminalis Torr. Parts. aucus Carota LD. | Eriophorum gracile Koch. ter corymbosus Ait. | Carex Buxbaumii Wahl. miser L, C. utriculata Boott. - simplex Willd. Leersia oryzoides Sw. PA idago squarrosa Mwhl. L. _ Virginica Willd. “eae Canadensis LL. Festuca elatior L. gigantea Ait. Panicum glabrum Gawd. elianthus tuberosus LD. Andropogon scoparius Mz. lex verticillata LL. Adiantum pedatum J. — _ Lycopus Virginicus L. Aaa acrostichoides Sw. _ Potamogeton natans L. ian New to the Herbarium. ‘Trifolium hybridum LZ. Agaricus Candolleanus F’r. _ Lonicera Tartarica L. limophilus P&. A i umbonatescens Pk. arenulinus Pk. Cre polytrichophilus Pk. P Smilax hispida Muh graciloides Pk. eee 5. Agaricus striatifolius Pk. Cortinarius ophiopus Pk. { rats apertus Pk, C. eraticius F’r. 1a A. — flavidellus Pk. C. regularis Pk. Ory A. peltigerinus Pk. Marasmius preeacutus Hillis. ‘ a es AL, eonigenoides Hillis. Panus torulosus F’r. pea A, delicatellus Pk. Boletus viscosus F'rost. ee A, odorifer Pk, Polyporus dualis Pk. ee ee © subareolatus Pk. P. nidulans Fr. aise. ee A. striatulus Fr. ce fragrans Pk. ; Bee A. longistriatus Pk. Ee albellus Pk. _ A. indecens Pk. P, connatus Wein. Bree A contrarius Pk. P balsameus Pk, oi ae AS lacrymabundus F’r. “ fake obducens Pers. 3 mae num Weinmanni Fr. ex sinuosus /’r, I. fuscoviolaceus Fr. J. obliquus 4”. ee: Radulum orbiculare Fr. - Phlebia merismoides F’r. _ Thelephora speciosa F’r. _ Hymenocheete spreta Pk. ag: a agglutinans Lillis. bi Corticium quercinum Pers. enc. lacteum Fr. C Sambuci Fy. C. ceruleum Fr, C. Martianum B. & C. C. suffocatum PA, _ Cyphella griseopallida Wein. _ Clavaria typhuloides P&. ast. amethystina Bull. Pistillaria coccinea Cd. Tremella intumescens. Sow. _ Neematelia encephala F’r. -Dacrymyces minor PA, Amaurochete atra A. & S. _ Physarum luteolum Pk. ite albicans Pk, Diachzea splendens Pk. ‘Trichia fallax Pers. Perichzna irregularis B. & C. Clathroptychium rugulosum Wailr. B Nidularia pulvinata Schw. Leptostroma lineare Pk. _ Phoma strobilina P. & C. the stercoraria P. & C. _ Spheronema Robinie B. & C. 8. aurantiacum Pk, Spheeropsis Pennsylvanica B. & C. S. minima Bb. & C. Goer Syringe P. & C. m Diplodia thujina P. & C. _ Excipula lanuginosa Pk. — Discella Canadensis Pk. au). arida Pk. _ Melanconium intermedium Pk. -. Yorula curyata Pk. * Septonema dichzenoides P. & C. _ Puceeinia orbicula P. & C. 4 wP; Hydrophylli P. & C. - Uredo Cassandree P. & C. ~ Melampsora Epilobii Wckd. _ Mcidium Sanicule Carm. _ Helminthosporium Absinthii Pé. _ Macrosporium sarcinula Berk. weet de \ phy At gaye | Cladosporium, nodulosun C2. wa © yt Oy pee Ne ae | ee td NGhAeaa Coa s ges my ee: A Ca ate Ns hl ies i 9 oe Ay ceo oe a - depressum B. & Br. Ramularia brunnea Pk. sae Cercospora haa ir PREG C. Chenopodii Hck re Verticillium Lira P.&C Z Peronospora infestans De By. Polyactis cana Berk. ae Trichoderma viride Pers. Coie Dactylium sublutescens Pk. ‘ Oidium fasciculatum Berk. ae, O. albipes P&. ie Capillaria Spheerize-typhine Cd. Menispora ciliata Cd. Zygodesmus pannosus B. & CL Z. rubiginosus Dk, Fusisporium rimosum Pk, Erysiphe Liriodendri Schw. we; Morchella bispora Sor, 5 M. semilibera DC, ¥ M. ~ deliciosa F’r. Verpa digitaliformis Pers. Peziza suleata Pers. Warnei Pk, P bicolor Bud. P myricacea Pk, P sulphurella Pk, P capitata Pk. Pe distincta Pk. PB. maculincola Schw. PR EF P P. H oe chameleontina Pk. deligata Pk, Polygoni Rehm. macrospora F’ckl, elotium caricinellum Pk. H. bryogenum Pk, Dermatea carpinea Fr. BF inclusa Pk, Patellaria leptosperma Pk. Py lignyota F’r. Tympanis turbinata Schw. Ascobolus viridis Curr.’ A. crenulatus Karst. Stictis cylindricarpa Pk. Hysterium australe Dudy. H. Thuiarum C. & P. FH. Desmazierii Duby. Glonium simulans Ger. Hypomyces ochraceus Tul. Hypoxylon suborbiculare Pk. Dothidea Rimincola Schw. D. epispheeria Pk. D. Caricis Fr, D. Osmunde P. & C. . nn tah EP EP PPE REREPP EP EI? 96 S Tnery- Fest Report on rue Strate Museum. — Valsa innumerabilis Pk. Cucurbitaria Berberidis Gr. Lophiostoma obtecta P&. nee Clintonii P&. xestothele B. & C. exigua C. & P. . Clasterium B. & C. spherelloides Pk. PLANTS Solidago humilis Pursh. Potamogeton lonchitis Tuckm. Salix purpurea L. Graphis eulectra Tuckm. Calicium curtum 7. & B. G: brunneolum Ach. Sirosiphon Crameri Brugg. Agaricus cristatellus Pé. fumescens Pk. pinophilus PA. rubromarginatus F’r. radicatellus P&. ehrysophyllus Fr, abscondens PA. septicus Fr. albogriseus Pk. micropus Pk. undulatellus P&é. rhodocalyx Lasch. squarrosoides Pk. limonellus P&é. vermifluus PA. paludinellus Pk. lenticeps P&. hymenocephalus Pk. camptopus Pk. Coprinus macrosporus Pk. Cc. rotundosporus PA. Cortinarius Copakensis P&. C. lapidophilus P&. Marasmius calopus 7. Boletus Satanus Lewr. ie pallidus Schulz. Pe: Weinmanni 7. P. planus PA. Pr. subiculosus P&. 2; semitinctus Pf. Trametes suaveolens J. | Spheeria exercitalis Pk. Re virens P&. iS . Impatientis P. & C. seapophila Pk, S. onosmodina P. & C. Ss. herbarum Pers. Spherella Vaccinii Cf. Pyrenophora phzeocomes Fr, (2.) COLLECTED. |Solenia villosa Fr. | H ydnum sulphurellum PA. 'Mucronella calva A. & S. |M. ageregata Hr. | Craterellus dubius P&. |Cyphella sulphurea Batsch. Clavaria fumigata /?h. C. corynoides Pk. _ Tremella lutescens Pers. Guepinia Peziza Tul. Hymenula olivacea Pk Lycoperdon glabellum PA, | L. calyptriforme Berk. Physarum psittacinum Dittm. i atrorubrum PA. | ornatum PA. Es inzequalis Pk. Badhamia affinis R. | Didymium eximium P&. Dy angulatum Pk. Chondrioderma difforme Pers. Diachzea subsessilis Pé. | Comatricha eequalis Pk. C. Friesiana De By. hCG pulchella Bad. Lamproderma violaceum Fr. Trichia scabra R. ib inconspicua R. Arcyria pomiformis Roth. Lycogala flavofuscum Hhr. Sacidium Pini #7. Septoria Waldsteinie P. & C. |S. Verbascicola B. & C. | Phyllosticta Loniceree Desm. (Spor idesmium sicynum Thum. | Massospora cicadina 1A. | Ustilago Salvei B. & Br. Stereum sanguinolentum A. & S. ts A a es + r i y - vA 4 1” 7 Lm ted ss i is : ; : ’ ‘ Vr ee eee ‘ ' - > * sults ‘ cy Ba), ? qr he Repor? oF Tax Boranisr. 27 ae Phragmidium bulbosum Fr. Isaria tenuipes PA. Stilbum rigidum Pers. 8. flavipes Pk. Sporocybe abietina PA. Cladosporium graminum Lh. Helminthosporium interseminatum H. Hydropiperis Z'hwm. Botryosporium pulchrum Berk. Aspergillus flavus Dh. Fusidium canum Pass. Peronospora simplex Pk. Mucor caninus Pers. M. ramosus Ball. Peziza succosa Berk. vuleanalis Pk. sulphurea Pers. viridicoma Ps, brunneola Desm. Osmundee C. & H. alot albopunctum Ps, Dermatea carnea OC. & H. D. phyllophila Ps. iD: Xanthoxyli PA. Heematomyces orbicularis Pk. Cenangium Cassandree PA. rd hd hd bd bo |Cenangium pezizoides Pk. Tympanis acerina P/. _Patellaria olivacea Batsch. 'Phacidium brunneolum PA. Triblidium morbidum Ps, _Hypoderma nervisequum DC. Rhytisma maximum /’r, | Hypocrea viridis Tode. | Hypoxylon xanthocreas B. & C. | Dothidea Epilobii Fr. Valsa Crategi Curr. iV. translucens De Not. V. Xanthoxyli Pk. Lophiostoma scelestum CO. & EH. L. prominens PA. Massaria gigaspora Desm. pas pulchriseta Pk. sorghophila P&. Typhse Schw. N) eurvicolla Pk. S Gnomon Tode. S: phellogena B. & C. S. Crepini West. 8. V TR TTD Marciensis Pk. enturia Dickiei De Not. (3. ) CONTRIBUTORS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS. Miss S. P. Monks, Cold Spring, N. Y. Viola pedunculata 7. & G. ie Nuttallii Pursh. Claytonia perfoliata Don. Ribes sanguineum Pwrsh. Hosachia strigosa Wve. Astragalus trichocarpus G'r. A. hypoglottis L. (Hnothera parvula Nuit. Gilia tricolor Benth. G ciliata Benth. G. Californica Benth. G. androsacea Stead. G. dianthoides And. Plantago Patagonica Jacq. Pelleea densa Hook. Cystopteris fragilis R. Br. ‘ Mrs. S. M. Rust, Syracuse, N. Y. Aspidium spin. v. dumetorum Onoclea sens, v. obtusilobata Botrychium Lunaria Sw. Botrychium ternatum Sw. B. gracile Pursh. I. C. MARTINDALE, Camden, N. J. Alyssum calycinum J, Senebiera didyma Pers. Viola tricolor v. arvensis. | Lechea major Mz. Hypericum prolificum ZL. Drosera long. v. densiflorum. fineis: “aisahe’ Mill. L. Spuria J/ill. ] senisica tennifolia Boisd. . ay, saa diurna Sibth. _ | Leonurus glaucescens Bange. elilotus parviflora Desf. Helmintha echioides Gert. uvium pentandrum Hil. Heterotheca seabra DC. © ene ium Europeeum ZL. Vigna glabra Savi. 2S PRLY otentilla reptans L. Richardsonia scabra S¢. Fas oo) Silene inflata S' , Euphorbia hiberna L. > usslza repens in - |Gentiana angustifolia Ma. ae. ; enecio Jacobeea L. Tribulus-terrestris L. es 4 . hi . N. L. Brirron, New Dorp, N. Y. _| Pinus inops Ait. KE. S. Minuer, Wading River, N. Y. Barbara precox R. Br. ; | Lemna perpusilla Torr. Se Sagina apetala L,. Sagittaria variabilis Hngelm Bc Spergularia rub. vy. campestris. Muscari racemosum ZL, uathyrus palustris L. Eriophorum Virginicum LZ. . J. myrtifolius Mahi. Fuirena squarrosa Mz. Be sespedeza vio. y. sessiliflora. | Eleocharis obtusa Schultes. r Vicia Caroliniana Walt. E. — melanocarpa Torr. - Peiitetoriom teucrifolium Willd. KE. tricostata Vor Orie Aster undulatus LD. Carex scoparia Schk. eee A. levis L. : 1C. polytrichoides Muh. _ Qnothera pumila L. C. stipata Wuhil. : Be: a. chrysantha Mz. C: foenea Willd. . ce ~ Galium circeezans Mx. C. stellulata ZL. — _Erigenia bulbosa Wwit. C. Pennsylvanica Lam. Vaccinium corymbosum L. C. granularis Muhil. ; Pyrola rotundifolia L. C. — lanuginosa Mz. ah ‘Teucrium Canadense L. C. hystricina Willd. aaa yosotis verna NVuitt. Festuca oy. v. duriuscula, @e lantago Virginica L. Glyceria nervata Trin. ea c Seifridulacia gibba L. Eragrostis reptans Mz.- ga ~. U. — subulata L. Panicum verrucosum Muhl. oe * -Potamogeton Oakesiana Robbins. P. depauperatum Muhl. ‘e caine polyrrhiza LZ. | Milleria herbatica PA. , E. A. Rav, Bethlehem, Pa. Discelium nudum Brid. | Acidium Bigeloviee Pk. ; AXcidium hemisphericum Pk. | Uromyces hyalinus Pk. 3a AR. porosum Pk, Lecythea speciosa Pk. Be: A. Brandagei Pk. Sphzeropsis Raui P&. don Seis ye) ; abundans Pk. Cheetomium elatum Kze. gare W. R. Gerarp, New York, N. Y. Glonium paryulum Ger. — Hysterium hyalosporam Ger. Ailographum Pinorum Desm.- - H. Cookeiinum Ger. - aid ' ! risers isp at THE op So Rev. H. Wine, Sinteue, N.Y. , i’ 7 ipefore longifolia D. Erythrea Centaurium Pers. hea Habenaria ciliaris R. Br. Scirpus Eri. vy. cyperinus. oa H. leucopheea Nutt. Rhynchospora macrostachya Torr, Houstonia pur. v. ciliolata. ‘| Botrychium simplex Hitch. eh — Trillium erythrocarpum Ma. a | (an Prof. P. A, Purssant, Troy, N, Y. 63 & Carex panicea LD, | ‘ii a L. M. Unprerwoop, Syracuse, N. Y. ee OMG Scolopendrium vulgare Syn. Aspidium marginale Sw, ars Asplenium Rutamuraria L.. Cystopteris fragilis Bernh. ee ghd; 4 H. Witury, New Bedford, Mass. ae Arthonia polymorpha Ach. | } oe Hon, G. W. Crixron, Buffalo, N. Y. far Triticum caninum J. Puccinia spreta Pk, a fs Aspid. crist. v. Clintoniana. Uromyces Trifolii #ck/. a Meliola Macowani Thum. U. polymorphus P. & C. a Melanconium Americanum P, & C. | Uredo transversalis Tum, me Septoria Waldsteinie 2. & C. Polyactis vulgaris Lk. aa _ Vermicularia trichella Grev. Peziza planodisca P, & C. i V. albomaculata Schw. Spheeria cladosporiosa Schw. Ais ae ©. C. Frost, Brattleboro, Vt. a Cortinarius Spragueiti B. & C. Lycogala flavofuscum Hhr. | a Russula compacta Lost. Spheeropsis Sumachi Schw. : 2 an Boletus Satanus Lenz. | Patellaria nigrocinnabarina Schw. Ae Polyporus tomentosus 17, Hypoxylon marginatum J’, Nig Be Clavaria arbori-similis Prost. Diatrypella Frostii Pk. By Michenera Artocreas B. & C. We “, J. B. Exxis, Newfield, N. J. eh Lenzites vialis Pk. Clasterisporium caricinum Schw. ee Spheropsis Ribicola CO. & H. Cercospora concentrica CO. & H. ae) BS. *: “Alni ©, & H. C. grisea C. & EH. uae - Septoria stictica H/lis, Peziza coccinella Somm. : Septosporium maculatum C. & H. P. fuscidula Ck. ie’ Pestalozzia stellata B. & C. PR; ilicifolia OC. & H. - | an Vermicularia compacta C. & H. i bullata Hlis. as Sporidesmium hysterioideum C. & H. | Hysterium subrugosum C. & He 8. polymorphum Cd. Colpoma Andromedee Duby. ‘ae S. _ aurantiacum B. & C. Stictis quercifolia C. & H. we Periconia Azalezee Pk, 5. fimbriata Schw. 59 Epicoccum scabrum Cd, Nectria microspora C. & H. met a oo epispheericum C, & H. Dothidea tetraspora BD. & Bre © . we) > ‘ Seen ‘ " ian ‘" > oh? oe ™{ Fe LY vs r re ka te saria my epilenca B. Sp aee |S. tumulata 0. & E. pegtom scelestum C. & H. soluta C. & EH. ; ria salvisecola OC. & EH. dissiliens C. & Hi. a aK = _ luteobasis. Hillis. surrecta Ck. > vexata C. & H. . sepelibilis B. & C. melanotes B. & Br. aculeata Schw. minima Awd. | H: A. Warne, Oneida, N. Y.. porus induratus Ps. | Peziza Umbrorum F'chi. operdon giganteum Batsch. PB; gallinacea Pk. ape asterostoma B.& C. Spheria fimiseda C. & NV. ar B. D. GiLBert, Utica, N. Y. jum spinulosum Desv. Asplenium resectum Sim. pecotdit Tuckm. Cystopteris frag. v. dentata. M. W. Vanpenzure, Fort Edward, ae us aromatica Aié. | Utricularia subulata Z. typhina L. Pogonia affinis Awst. idago latifolia L. | G. S. Warkins, Wilmurt, N. Y. | G. T. Fisu, Rochester, N. Y. | Polyporus Beatiei Banning. C. Devot, M. D., Albany, N. Y. - Section of stem of Kalmia latifolia Z. | bee P. C. Brower, Albany, N. Y. California hickory nuts. | (4) if PLANTS NOT BEFORE REPORTED. va | Soumaco HUMILIS Pursh. we rei: - Grayelly bank at the outlet of Lower Ausable Pond, Adirondsale Moin & : “tains. Aug. . The smaller heads, shorter flowers, whiter pappus and sharper serratures of _ the leaves, induce me to report this as a distinct species. “Urnrevrarra SUBULATA J. Fort Edward. MM. W. Vandenburg. , Wading River, Long ica zB ; 8. Miller. vee ee SN ine a +) Cag aly Sue % Py aN tey VAN ah ae) sens 8) iN ree ika ae mas ore a Wes ae ee eg ow Fouts ae salt Bethlehem. ae catrodueed willow, which h has — “ran wild i in some places. oF, -OTAMOGETON LONCHITIS Tuck. Ticonderoga. Aug. ie meet: “as “ey re LIsTERA AUSTRALIS Lindl. me, Ps Lily Marsh, Oswego. Rev. H. Widbe. This is an interesting addit io ees to our flora. ee 1% ae PoGonia AFFINIS Aust. Fort Edward. Vandenburg. . Muscari RACEMOSUM L, - -~‘Wading River. JJiller. A stray from cultivation. rit _ ELEocwaris Tricostata Torr. Wading River. Miller. This is probably the northern limit of this plant tH Aes : WoopsIa HYPERBOREA By. yn NS. Crevices of rocks. Adirondack Mountains. Small forms of fhe fern closely resemble W. glabella, and it is, perhaps, questionable whether they ax should be regarded as two distinct species. In our specimens the chaffy hs __-seales of W. hyperborea are present, but not in abundance. The specimens ee f were formerly referred to W. glabella. _ ARTHONIA POLYMORPHA Ach. _ Bark of trees. Geneseo. H. Willey. GRAPHIS EULECTRA Tuckm. ae Bark of arbor-vitee. Newcomb, Essex county. Aug. — CALICIUM BRUNNEOLUM Ach. Decaying balsam trunks. Mount Marey. Aug. Cauicium curtum Turn. & Bor. ae Decaying prostrate trunks of hemlock trees. Catskill Mountains. Sept. _ CHLOROSTYLIUM caTARACTARUM Kutz. Granite pebbles in running streams. Caledonia. G. W. Clinton. _ SrrosrpHon Cramerr Brugg. Wet surface of rocks. Mt. Marcy. Aug. } AGARICUS (LEPIoTA) CRISTATELLUS PA. Be he Pileus convex, subumbonate, minutely mealy, especially on the margin, 16 | Ree white, the disk slightly tinged with pink; Jamellze close, rounded behind, — ati free, white ; stem slender, stare hollow ; spores subelliptical, .0002 * long. ve es Plant about 1' high, pileus 2-4’ broad. by. _ Mossy places in woods. Copake, Columbia County. Oct. ; The relationship of this very small species appears to be with A. eristatus. es The margin of the pileus is sometimes appendiculate with the minute i) te : _ ments of the veil. The annulus i is obsolete. ; *One accent signifies inch or inches, two Lee ee signify line or lines. "Agaricus Matiedroma ya ceuneeeae i ara a AS aaa _ Pileus convex or expanded, dry, clothed with a an minute appr i ~ tomentum, whitish ; lamelle narrow, crowded, rounded behind, whitish « Ai, pale « cream color, changing to a smoky blue or blackish color when bruised ; 8 pm short cylindrical, whitish ; spores oblong-elliptical, .0002 — .00025' ee - Plant 1-2 high, pileus 1 broad, stem 2 -3' thick. Ground in woods. Copake. Oct. ° Sa The species is remarkable for the smoky or blackish hue assumed by the fy y ; ~ lamella when bruised, and also in drying. aria Asanicus (CLITOCYBE) PINOPHILUS Pk. __ Pileus thin, convex, umbilicate or centrally depressed, glabrous, moist, pale tan: color, paler or alutaceous when dry; lamells moderately close, subar- ~ euate, adnate or slightly decurrent, whitish ; stem equal, stuffed or hollow; - glabrous or subpruinose, colored like the pileus; spores nearly elliptical, — .0002 —.00025' long ; odor and taste resembling that of fresh meal. Plant 1-2 high, pileus about 1’ broad, stem 1''—2"' thick. Ground under pine trees. Albany and Ticonderoga. July and August. re _ AGARICUS RUBROMARGINATUS F’, Ground under spruce trees. Adirondack Mountains. August. _ M Our specimens when fresh had a slight alkaline odor; otherwise theyagree well with the description of the species. Agaricus (MycENA) RADICATELLUS Ph. ar Pileus thin, campanulate, glabrous, obtuse or subumbonate, whitish, when — dry striate on the margin; lamellz ascending, narrow, close, white; stem — firm, glabrous, slender, whitish, deeply rooting; spores subglobose, rough, .0003/—.00035 long. ; Plant 1.5 —-2 high, pileus 4’-6 | broad. Mossy ground i in woods. Griffins. Delaware County. Sept. ay This species is easily known by the long radicular portion of the stem, $24 a which penetrates the earth after the manner of A, radicatus. Pak AGARICUS CHRYSOPHYLLUS F’7. --._. Decaying wood. Adirondack Mountains, Summit and Sandlake. Aug. and Sept. : AGARICUS (PLEUROTUS) ABSCONDENS PA, Pure white; pileus compact, convex or slightly depressed on the disk, glabrous, dry; lamelle thin, crowded, emarginate, with a decurrent tooth; _ stem eccentric, curved, stuffed, slightly mealy at the top; spores minute, a elliptical, .0002 long, usually with a shining nucleus; odor distinct, farina- a ye 4 ; ceous. ) “3 ’ Stem about 2' long, pileus 2'-3' broad. a t..7 os waeeree eS) es In hollow stumps. Griffins. Sept. PMA AGARICUS SEPTICUS Fr, Decaying wood. Adirondack Mountains. Aug. _ “y id eat 0004 - "0005 long, 0003" broad ; odor farinaceous, Plant 2-3' high, pileus 6 —12" broad, stem 1''—2'' thick. Ground in woods. Adirondack Mountains. Aug. ‘oa iGsnrcvs (CLiropiLus) Micropus Pk. ; Pileus thin, fragile, convex or centrally depressed, umbilicate, silky gray, aa ¥ usually with one or two narrow zones on the margin; lamelle narrow, close, adnate or slightly decurrent, gray ; stem short, solid, slightly thickened at a the top, gray, pruinose, with white mycelium at the base; spores angular, D. _ irregular, .0004 long, .00025 broad ; odor farinaceous. eee z Plant 1 high, pileus 6 '-12"' broad. a Bes : _ Ground under trees. Ticonderoga. Aug. ’ 5 Pe aarrous (LEPTONIA) UNDULATELLUS PA. . Se : Pileus membranaceous, convex, minutely scurfy, squamulose on the disk. pe ___ hygrophanous, grayish-brown and striatulate when moist, wavy on the margin ; ee lamella rounded behind, nearly free, subdistant, whitish, then tinged with ss % flesh-color ; stem slender, glabrous, colored like the pileus, usually curved ; as spores irregular, .0004 long, .0003' broad. R. Plant about 1’ high, pileus 6 —8"' broad. i , Decaying prostrate trunks of trees. Pine Hill. Sept. E When dry, the pileus is somewhat shining, and the disk a little darker. ah _ AGARICUS RHODOCALYX Lasch. zs Ground in woods. Adirondack Mountains. Aug. « Agaricus (PHOLIOTA) SQUARROSOIDES Pk, ‘ eps. Pileus firm, convex, viscid when moist, at first densely covered by erect _ _ -papillose or subspinose tawny scales, which soon separate from each other, ree . _ yealing the whitish color and viscid character of the pileus; lamellz close, ae _ emarginate, at first whitish, then pallid or dull cinnamon color; stem ase ey. a firm, stuffed, rough with thick squarrose scales, white above the thick floccose _ annulus, pallid or tawny below ; spores minute, elliptical, .0002’ long, 00015! broad. ee ; _ Densely cxspitose, 3-6’ high, pileus 2'-4’ broad, stem 3''-5”’ thick. > Ae ___ Dead trunks and old stumps of maple.- Adirondack and Catskill Moun- tains. ~=Autumn. a : eS This is evidently closely related to A. sqguarrosus, with which it has, per- haps, been confused, but its different colors and viscid pileus appear to war- * ‘rant its separation. _ Ag@aricus (PHOLIOTA) LIMONELLUS PA, : Pileus thin, convex or expanded, subumbonate, viscid, rough with scattered * ; | - pallid or gloat smooth above the lacerated seule dusted ne ye ne _ particles at the insertion of the lamella; spores elliptical, .0003 — ico long, -.0002’—.00025' broad. Plant czespitose, 2’-3' high, pileus 1/-2’ broad, stem 2''—3” thickrs Prostrate beech trunks in woods. Griffins. Sept. _ This is one of our most beautiful species. It is easily Oa. fost its / __ allies by its lively lemon-yellow color. It is allied to A. flammans. eases (PHOLIOTA) VERMIFLUUS Ph. a -Pileus convex or expanded, smooth, white, often tinged with yellow, some- ia, times areolate-rimose, especially on the disk, the margin decurved, and some- times floccose-squamose from the remains of the veil; lamelle close, white, ____ then ferruginous-brown, usually minutely eroded on the edge; stem hollow, ___ striated at the top where it is sometimes thickened, white ; annulus lacerated or evanescent; spores ferruginous-brown, .00045’—.0005’ long, .0003' broad. iv wD ~*~ Pilant 2’-4’ high, pileus 2'-4’ broad, stem 3’’—5” thick. i a ia ‘ Fields among oat stubble. Ticonderoga. Aug. , ay ee This species is evidently closely related to A. precox, but its larger size, — _. larger spores, late appearance, etc., induce me to separate it. When moist, Be the pileus appears to be slightly ea It is so liable to the attacks of msect = i _larvee that it is difficult to dry a specimen before it is badly eaten. % A, Agaricus (INocyBE) PALUDINELLUS Pk. he ___ Pileus thin, plane or slightly convex, umbonate, subfibrillose, whitish or 4 _ pallid; lamellze narrow, close, whitish then subferruginose ; stem slender, ___ equal, colored like the pileus, with an abundant white mycelium at the base; — he ____ spores subelliptical, nodulose, .0003’ long, .0002’ broad. _ _. Plant gregarious, 1’—2’ high, pileus 5’—10” broad, stem nearly 1” thick. ‘ BA Tn low grouads and wet places under bushes. Sandlake. Aug. Aree pee This species is easily recognized by its pale, umbonate pileus andnodulose -~ -\ spores. * - 7, ‘ _ Agaricus (NAUCORIA) LENTICEPS Pk. < toa) Pileus thin, conyex or nearly plane, dingy-ochre or subolivaceous, the disk no ‘ brown or blackish-brown; lamelle plane, subdistant, adnate, with a decurrent a tooth, whitish or pallid; stem slender, hollow, paler above and slightly squa- “a rs - mulose; spores large, variable in size, .0005’-.00075’ long, .0U03-.0004° Be a. broad. : re , Plant 1/-1.5 high, pileus 6-10" broad, stem scarcely 1'’ thick. 2 Sandy soil along railroads. Center. Oct. a Agaricus (HYPHOLOMA) HYMENOCEPHALUS Pk. -<) »1¢r 2 Pileus thin, fragile, campanulate then expanded, sometimes umbonate, . hygrophanous, brown and striatulate when moist, pallid or whitish and radi- a ately rugulose when dry, subatomate, the whitish appendiculate veil soon Te evanescent; lamellz narrow, close, dingy then brown; stem slender, brittle, ; Seats Ae sliehtly Sais at “Bs ok ‘White “spores brown, elliptical 0003" long, .00016' broad. y : Plant 3’4’ high, pileus 1'-2° broad, stem 1'-1.5"' thick. XS i“ Ground under alders. Adirondack Mountains. ae, character of the pileus and stem. ¥ ‘ _ Agaricus (PsinocyBE) caAmpropus Pk. : a i Pileus thin, broadly convex, glabrous, hygrophanous, brown and strintulate | when moist, whitish when dry; lamellae narrow, elose, whitish becomi brown; stem equal, smooth, generally curved, slightly pruinose or mealy at ; the top, with a white strigose mycelium at the base; spores elliptical, .00025' long, .00016’ broad. Plant about 1’ high, pileus 4-10" broad. Prostrate trunks of trees in woods. Catskill Mountains. Sept. aR, This plant bears some resemblance in color to A. appendiculatus, but £5 find no trace of a veil. The stem is solid, and the pileus is even when dry ‘ihe Be CopRINUS MACROSPORUS PA. ie. Pileus ovate, then expanded, rimose-striate, obscurely floceose-squamulose, white, the small even brownish disk squamose ; lamellze crowded, free, white. _ then black ; stem glabrous, white, with traces of an annulus near the thick- ened or subbulbous base; spores very large, elliptical, .0008'-.001’ long, .0005 —.00065' broad. mn Plant czespitose, 2-3’ high, pileus 1'-2' broad, stem 1’' thick. ed Ground in open fields. Ticonderoga. Aug. ee The prominent characters of this species are the rimose pileus, aaa ‘ disk, free lamellze, and large spores. In its early state it resembles some _ species of Lepiota. It seems to be intermediate between the sections Atra- hs mentarii and Micacei. wee ‘Coprinus Se UR EOELE Pk. persistent tomentum, even; lamelle free; stem slightly tapering upward, ; __white; spores subglobose, .0003 —.00035' long, nearly as broad. Plant 2-3 high, pileus about 1’ broad. About the roots of trees in woods. Catskill Mountains. Sept. This species is apparently related to C. nivews, and is remarkable for its. nearly globose spores. All the specimens seen were old and partly dried, at that the description is not as full as could be desired. uae Cortinarius (PHLEGMACIUM) CopaKENsis PA. ‘Sal Pileus convex then expanded, often crowded and irregular, viscid, » COrrUs i gated, pale-ochre, slightly tinged with red; lamellze sub-distant, broad be- ‘ hind, at first violaceous, toothed or eroded on the margin, the interspaces sometimes veiny; stem equal or tapering upwards, stuffed, silky, hie ts spores broadly elliptical, rough, .0003’—.00035’ long. My Plant subceespitose, 2-3 high, pileus 1.5’-3’ broad, stem 2-4’ thick. x Ground in weeds." Copake. Oct... ‘The pileus when dry is glabrous and shining. a - ir aes y sh ’ ‘ : , : aS eG sapere FPO See TLE AER Sk th oc Get Dorr RPT lamellae crowded, at first dark violaceous then argillaceous-cinnamon ; stem oe ‘solid, equal or slightly thickened at the base, whitish ; flesh of the pileus | ge Ri. whitish ; spores unequally elliptical, rough, .0003 long, .00025' broad. Tie Plant subcespitose, 2'-4! high, pileus 2/—3' broad, stem 3’—5”’ thick. | ~ Rocky soil in woods. ‘Ticonderoga. Aug. ; ee anus CALoPUS F'r. Aha Twigs and stems among fallen leaves in woods. Ticonderoga. Aug. and has a different insertion of the lamellae. It is sometimes ae The pileus in our specimens is whitish. : Borders of woods in grassy ground. Ticonderoga. Aug. Adirondack Mountains. Aug. no (MerismaA) Bratier Banning in litt. Pilei few, springing from a common, often tuber-like base, spreading out ; into a suborbicular mass often a foot or more in diameter, nearly plane above A or centrally depressed and imperfectly funnel-shaped, variously confluent and ---—«simbricated, sometimes single, subzonate, rough with little radiating elevations — rar ’ gic, ’ 5 = or wrinkles, which sometimes form imperfect reticulations towards the base, subpulverulent and strigose-villose in zones or almost evenly scabrous-villose, -alutaceous, the margin often irregular and lobed; pores of medium size, decurrent on the stem-like base, unequal, angular, lacerated, toothed and ~ even lamellated, generally about equal in length to the thickness of the flesh of the pileus, subconcolorous ; flesh pallid or pale alutaceous, of a firm, but _ cheesy texture ; spores globose, rough, .00025 —.0003’ in diameter, colorless. “Ground” in woods. Wilmurt, Herkimer County. G.S. Watkins and W. D. Hdmonds. ; . Ground under an oak tree. Brighton, Monroe County. G. 7. Fish. Both gentlemen from whom I have received specimens of this fungus, speak _ of it as growing on the ground, but it is quite probable that it starts from some decaying wood or tree root buried in the earth. I have also received a speci- men of this plant from Miss M. E. Banning, of Baltimore, Md., who sent it under the name here given. es, The species seems closely related to P. subgiganteus B & C., but as I am unable, from the description of that species, to satisfy myself that our plants belong to it, | have thought best to describe them under another name. The Baltimore plant has a single pileus seven inches in diameter and four inches #) high. The New York specimens are compound, the one from Wilmurt being pte ten inches broad and nine inches high, the one from Br ighton, fifteen inches — plants. When fresh, they were very much }__... The dimensions of the So Wilmurt plant, when fresh, were given me by Mr. Edmonds, as follows: yy . Bes! with ochre, often crowded and irregular, virgate with appressed fibrils ; 3 This might easily be mistaken for M. scorodonius, but it is without odor, ig , ms broad and six inches high. These are the dimensions of the shrunken, dried — : Tare Pi s Me el ight, Goblein tacliee: iach tace: afly-teven Aue: ‘thielaioes a ' pileu = - about one ‘inch. ‘From ‘this it will be seen that the dried plants are onl | about half their size when fresh. The flesh resembles in color and texture that ef P. sulphureus, to which the species is allied, but it is a little harde ae The dried plants have a decided and peculiar odor. nos . -Poxrrorvs (ANODERMEL) WEINMANNI F’, s Decaying hemlock trunks. Pine Hill. Sept. bet. The whole plant sometimes acquires a reddish hue in drying. The silva ___ is two or three inches broad. A tendency to form narrow zones on the mar- gin is manifest. be _ Potyporus (INODERMEI) PLANUS PX. c rE. Pileus Eis coriaceous, plane,, suborbicular, about 1’ broad, sometim % piwelored: variegated ae narrow darker glabrous zones, margin whitish; ‘pores minute, obtuse, short, subrotund, whitish or pallid; flesh pallid. Dead branches. North Greenbush. i es This has the colors of P. scwtellatus, but the thin plane pileus aud short a E s pores are so unlike that species that J am compelled to regard it as distinet. ng the in _ Poryporus Seba aies suBIcULOsUS PA. times slightly labyrinthiform, cinereo-ferruginous, ferruginous-brown a bruised, the dissepiments when young whitish and pruinose-villose. Creeping over mosses, decaying wood, and even stones, in sheltered places. + Copake. Oct. BP The patches are several inches in extent. The pores have a paler hue than the subiculum, but they become darker when bruised. i Potyports (RESUPINATI) SEMITINCTUS PA. Subiculum thin, soft, cottony, separable from the matrix, whitish, more ° less tinged with lilac, sometimes forming branching creeping threads; por very short, unequal, whitish or pale cream-color, the dissepiments at first « wt tuse, then thinner, toothed on the edge. ‘ Under surface of maple chips. Griffins. Sept. z i This is a soft, delicate species, with merulioid pores, similar to those 0 a _ P. violaceus. The lilac stains appear on the subiculum only. ~ PoLyrorus (RESUPINATI) INDURATUS PK. 7 Effused, hard, determinate, 1-2” thick, inseparable from the eis almost wholly composed of minute subrotund vesicular pores, yellowish . ane __ pale-ochre, the surface slightly pruinose and tinged with flesh-color ; the ne -Jowish mycelium or subiculum penetrating the matrix. ie Decaying wood. Oneida. H. A. Warne. : aM This species is remarkable for the peculiar character of the pores he H Tike form little cells or cavities instead of tubes, so that in whatever direction the. " mass is cut or broken, the section appears equally porous. Perhaps this character will necessitate the formation of a new genus. RAMETES SUAVEOLENS TL. Decaying wood. Center. Oct. }OLENIA VILLOSA Fr, “Decaying wood. Summit. Sept. Hypxum SULPHURELLUM PA. ee Subiculum thin, effused, definite, sometimes rimose, pale culphur-yellow 5 4 aculei scattered, conical, subobtuse, sometimes compound, colored like the fe “subiculum ; spores oblong, slightly curved, .0002—.00025' long. » ya Dead branches of mountain maple, Acer spicatwm. Griffins. Sept. The small suborbicular patches are sometimes elongated by confluence. iA The color is of a clear whitish sulphur hue. The teeth appear like little conical - Prostrate hemlock rma Griffins. Sept. Decaying wood of deciduous trees. Oneida. Warne. : _ Pileus infundibuliform, eet eillone: lurid-brown, pervious to the base, the _ margin generally wavy and lobed; hymenium dark cinereous, rugose when moist, the minute crowded irregular folds abundantly anastomosing, nearly even when dry; stem short ; spores broadly elliptical or subglobose, .00025'— 0003’ long. : Plant simple or czespitose, 2'-3/ high, pileus 1/—2’ broad. oo. Ground under spruce trees. Adirondack Mountains. Aug. _ _ In color this species bears some resemblance to Cantharellus cinereus. us From Craterellus sinwosus, it is separated by its pervious stem, and from . cornucopioides by its more ceespitose habit, paler color and smaller spores. _ STEREUM SANGUINOLENTUM A. dS. Jet i ___. Prostrate hemlock trunks. Griffins. Sept. a This is a genus of einige che near Polysaccum. It is espetfally dedicated to its discoverer. Gs Se Miller. - Mineria werparica Ph. ) : x Peridia oval or ovate-conical, subobtuse, firm, externally minutely warty a . or mealy-furfuraceous, whitish, inclosing a mass of minute subglobose or slightly angular sporangioles adhering together, black externally, pallid __ within ; spores superficial on the sporangioles, globose, colored, .0005'— 00065" BS: in diameter. < Fee Panicles of Rhynchospora macrostachya. Wading River. Miller. ; ay This rare, but interesting fungus resembles in size and color the preceding — species, but ‘its interior structure is wholly different. The sporangioles appear to be composed of densely compacted or reticulated threads and cellular — matter. I have not been able to detect any investing membrane, the spores” appearing to rest directly upon the surface to which they give the black color. _ The peridium does not appear to have been ruptured naturally in any of the specimens. The cavity is only partly filled by the mass of sporangioles. 2 ‘ - Te om -Puysarum PSITTACINUM Dittm. Fallen leaves, decaying wood, bark and effete Hypoxylon. Adirondack — a Mountains. Aug. . Ty _ Paysarum ORNATUM Pk. i: Sporangia depressed or hemispherical, plane or slightly concave beneath, Aaa crs greenish-cinereous, dotted with small yellow granules, the empty walls whit- meee: 1 : F F ish; stem short, black or blackish-brown, generally longitudinally wrinkled Br 4 ; ee ; 5. ae when dry; columella none; capillitium with numerous yellow knot-like ao . spores globose, smooth, violet-brown in the mee -0004/—.0005’ -_—_ in diameter. Fs Decayimg wood. Albany. Aug. 3 _ PHYSARUM ATRORUBRUM PA. aa Scattered or gregarious, stipitate; sporangia globose, even or somewhat wrinkled, dark-red; stem cylindrical, even, blackish or subconcolorous ; i eapillitium when cleared of the spores whitish, sometimes with a slight pink- ish tinge ; columella none; spores globose, smooth, dark-brown~in the mass, ____ dark-red when separated, .0003 —.00035/ in diameter. “a By Decaying wood. Adirondack Mountains. Aug. ie my — , SP it oe ett A ty ae é rr 5X. fs - ee e”, an The plants are scarcely one line high. The capillitium is very delicate, 4 "", and when cleared of the spores, the knot-like thickenings are seen to be very small and of a dark-red color, to which probably is due the pinkish tinge— = sometimes observed. A part only of the thickenings are filled with lime a . granules. The dark-red granules of the sporangium walls are abundant, and appear to form a continuous crust. > a PHYSARUM INZQUALIS Pk. sh Sporangia sessile, subglobose or irregular, sometimes elongated and con- fluent, red, abundantly dotted with minute scarlet granules; capillitium — ONS rod Ee Se. a 4, a % 3 ~ + 4 - + ans ' +. “hy 7 . Fr ee —. % } ‘ rr . { Hf pips to Wy | Mae Fee 1 4 ss, of Sas - Tae a rn Fo SY fe i prs $4 ne. ‘ e really an investing membrane, which encloses the true spores, for they are — often found ruptured, though I have not been able to see them dischaneneal spores or containing them. ‘They are colored like the spores, and there are all manner of intermediate sizes between the largest and smallest. It thus appears to be neither a good Physarum nor a good Badhamia, though with © close relations to both. For the present, I leave it in the genus Physarum. — — __-P.. rubiginosum is said to have the sporangia walls and the granules of lime— _ Bees: both scarlet—which is not the case with our plant. a + Ee ae ee ey Fe > a LonicERz Desm. Living leaves of fly honeysuckle, Lonicera ciliata. Catskill and Adiron- _dack Mountains. July and Aug. _ VERMICULARIA TRICHELLA G ev. Ivy leaves. Buffalo. Clinton. 4 _ WVERMICULARIA ALBOMACULATA Schw. & * Leaves of carrion flower, Smilax herbacea. Buffalo. Sept. Clinton. % -Mezanconium Americanum P. & C. ___ Pustules small, grouped or cireinating on orbicular spots ; stroma none or A , obsolete ; spores compact. oozing out in subconical masses, staining the ma- Bs % trix black, subglobose or broadly elliptical, .0002'-.0003' long. ae. B. In conservatories on dead leaves of the American century plant, Agave ; ag Americana. Buffalo. Feb. Clinton. * oe as ; 4 a _ SPORIDESMIUM sicynuM Thum. = Dead alder branches. Adirondack Mountains. Aug. _ PxRaGMIpIuM BULBosuM Fr. a, Leaves of Potentilla fruticosa. Copake. Oct. _.__ The spores are darker colored than in European specimens, and therefore % ___ the septa are soon very obscure. : =a a ae ee Uromyces Triroiu Fk. : ees 3 tad Leaves of Medicago lupulina. Buffalo. Clinton. mre! +m a 7 - Ei 10 - Uromyces porymorruus P. & C. a Spots brownish ; sori blackish-brown, prominent, surrounded by the rup- ee ag _ tured epidermis; spores large, polymorphous, subglobose, elliptical, ovate, ob- hs. , long or elon See aca the apex acute, obtuse, truncate or evell emar- . _ -Usrizaco satver B. & Br. Z Leaves of Calamagrostis Pickeringii. Mt. marcy. Aug. eS ot ‘This fungus forms long discolored lines or patches on the leaves, closely resembling “those formed by Ur ocystis Agropyri and Urocystis occulta. The spores in our specimens, as well as in those received from Europe under this name, are quite uniformily globose, not obovate as given in the description. — ‘They are generally .0004'—.0006’ in diameter, but occasionally they attain a % diameter of .001'. I am not aware that this species has been before detected in this country. MASssosPorRA, gen. nov. Spores numerous, loosely adhering together and forming a pulverulent mass without any evident peridium. Insecticolous. This is a peculiar genus, apparently belonging to the Coniomycetes, but its 2g affinities are doubtful. / - Massospora cicapina Pk. mis - Spore mass occupying the abdominal cavity, whitish or pale cream-color, at . length exposed by the falling away of the terminal rings of the abdomen; _ — spores subglobose or broadly elliptical, granular within, sometimes containing si one to three unequal nucleoli or oil globules, .00065'-.00085° in diameter. In the abdomen of the “Sev yenteen-year Locust,” Cicada septendecim. Livingston, Columbia county, and Albany. June. Hie: specimen was also received from Rev. R. LB. Post, which was taken at South Amboy, New Jersey. “é This is a singular fungus, unlike any other known to me. In its early stage it is wholly concealed in the body of the insect, but just before, or soon — 7 Mid after the death of the insect, the terminal rings of the abdomen fall away, ee revealing the pulverulent mass of spores within, which, by a superficial observer, might easily be mistaken for a lump of pale-yellow or whitish clay. [have not been able to detect any proper peridium, nor does any seem to be Pa necessary, the walls of the abdomen answering as a substitute. In one or a: two examples, the spore mass was less fully developed, and of a brighter — ae color. The spores, in this case, were much larger, being .0015/—.002/ in Pe, . diameter, with the epispore roughly reticulated. This is probably an earlier — g condition of the same species, and is another indication that the proper posi- —~ He. tion of the fungus is among the Coniomycetes, where there are several genera, ee with spores of two orders. ‘The position of the genus, as it seems to me, is In 4 the vicinity of the genus Protomyces, which has the spores developed in the 4 living tissues of plants, as this has in the tissues of insects. This fungus is : noticed, but not named, in Smithsonian Contributions, Vol. v, p. 53. _-Igsarra TENUIPES PA. 2 Stem very slender, elongated, glabrous, lemon-yellow, one to one and a 4 half inches high, divided above into a few irregular branches, which are ee wholly covered by the white mealy coating of conidia; conidia oblong-ellip- e tical, .00016’—.0002’ long. Dead pupz buried under fallen leaves. Center. : Sept. This is probably only a condition of some Torrubia; but, as it does not agree with any described form, I have thought best to designate it, for the present, by a name of its own. + he a ROM, HIGSDUM Pers. Aah ls Yi . ‘ee ~ Decaying wood. ‘Adirondack Mountaiug. Aug. | Srizpum FLAVIPES Pk. Stem villose, tapering upward, less than a line high, buff-yellow; Head ~ small, subglobose or hemispherical, whitish ; spores minute, elliptical, .0001/— .00012' long. Sd Decaying wood. Center. Oct. ore : - SporocyBe ABIETINA Ph. bs Very minute ; stems slender, distinctly septate, nearly black, terminating __ above in a minute obovate or subglobose yellowish head ; spate minute, __ oblong, spermatoid. ; Bark and wood of spruce, Abies nigra. ____ Specimens of spruce bark and wood, showing the work of the spruce minir beetle were collected in the Adirondack Mountains, These were wrapped in paper, brought to Albany, and laid away. Upon examining them some — & _ months afterward, the fungus was found upon them, having evidently devel- = oped since the collection of the bark. It is about the size of S. ae Bs Pcpocromcic GRAMINUM LA. xe Dead leaves of grass and sedges. Center and North Greenbush. 1 ge aS HELMINTHOSPORIUM INTERSEMINATUM B. & R. ’ Dead stems of stone root, Collinsonia Canadensis. North Greenbush, S = 'Qet. _ Hetmyrsosporium Hyprorireris Thum. Living leaves of smart weed, Polygonum Hydropiper. Albany. Poryacris VULGARIS LA. On carnation pink in conservatories. Buffalo. Dec. Clinton. ey 3 is ow El “3 eS x wae ind, eS a Borryosrorium putcurum Berk. ay 4 Dead grass leaves. Center. Sept. a. In our specimens the tips of the branches are swollen; otherwise thea ae _~ agree with the description of the species. 4 4 _ ASPERGILLUS FLAVuUS LA. __ On excrement of caterpillars in damp places. North Greenbush and - Sandlake. July and Aug. ee _ Fusrprum canum Pass. Re Leaves of Hrigeron Canadensis. North Greenbush. Sept. a ‘PERONOSPORA SIMPLEX Ph. ___ Flocci somewhat tufted, short, .004/-.006’ long, simple, bearing on the ak Be ation obtuse apex five to fifteen cylindrical spicules, whose length is about — half the diameter of the acrospores ; acrospores borne on the spicules, globose, - generally with a broad umbo at the apex, and a minute projecting point of ra at ae arnt at the base, .0008'—.0012’ in diameter. a _ Living and languishing leaves of the New England Aster, Aster Nove- “Anglia North Greenbush. Sept. — Bee: (eae * ga pie . Moo cata s Bul. PT 22, a, Decaying fungi. Albany. Sept: facor caninus Pers. Excrement of dogs. Ticonderoga. Aug. Damp shaded soil in woods. Albany and North Greenbush. J uly. ay Prziza VULCANALIS P&. Burnt ground under spruce trees. Adirondack Mountains. Kam oe _ This is regarded by some as equivalent to P. cupularis, but if the figure and description of P. cupularis in Mycographia are correct, our plant should — he kept separate. It is not ‘‘subsessile,”’ but it always, so far as I have seen, it % has a distinct stem. Its color, externally, is brown or ochraceous-brown, and the disk is orange or yellow-orange, not of a uniform cervine color without and - within as figured. Neither is it ‘externally farinose;” and finally the spores _ are considerably smaller and destitute of nuclei. Indeed, our plant approaches — ‘ és . nearer to P. pulchra than to P. cupularis as given in Mycographia, and :T aq __ would not be averse to regarding it equivalent to that species. But if these a _ two are the same, the name P. vulcanalis antedates the other and should be - retained. mes Cups whitish or yellowish, eae sessile, attached by a slight project- v ing point, externally slightly furfuraceous, the margin often wavy or irregu- lar, the hymenium smooth, sometimes uneven ; asci long, slender, cylindrical ; i aaa elliptical, smooth, uniseriate, occupying the upper part of the ascus, S. .0003'—.0004 long; paraphyses slender, slightly clavate at the tips. a a Partridge dung. Oneida. July. Warne. y - ne a, bag, Pa Met: 3 ’ *) ~ oo , ‘ > - Perziza Umsrorum Fk. ees © Clay soil. Oneida. Warne. . a an 3 _ PEzIzA SULPHUREA Pers. Dead stems of herbs in damp places. Albany. Sept. bx: | Peziza (DasyscyPH2) viripicoma PA. 3 s Cups minute, sessile, villose, yellowish-green ; asci oblong clavate ; spores 4 crowded or biseriate, oblong or subfusiform, .0005 —.0006' long, -0002'— 00025 broad. ae = cn Decaying wood. Sandlake. Aug. eae _____ The peculiar color of this minute species renders it an attractive object. SSR BRUNNEOLA Desm. eS Fallen leaves. Center. June. a - Peziza Osmunve C. & E. a Near the base of Osmunda stems. Center. Sept. Peziza (Motuista) pranopisca P. & C. Cups minute, sessile, whitish, the disk plane or slightly convex, obliterating — oo the margin; asci short; spores crowded or biseriate, subfusiform, .0003'— " -00035’ long. i : Dead leaves of grass, Andropogon scoparius. Buffalo. Nov. Clinton. an Oy Gag eae ALBOPUNCTUM Pk. Cups very minute, scattered, aie the dake aod plane or slightly concave, _ margin generally distinct ; asci cylindrical; spores biseriate, oblong, aris 2 generally binucleate, .0006'—.0007’ long. ‘oe Fallen beech leaves in woods. Adirondack Mountains. Aug. This is an exceedingly minute species. In drying it acquires a ‘yellowed aa tinge, and it is then scarcely visible to the naked eye. The stem is so short ( that the plant appears sessile. (Grasszossen ORBICULARIS PA. PS About one line in diameter, sessile, pulvinate, orbicular, subtremelloic ; _ gyrose-convolute, blackish-brown, minutely dotted with rufous particles, as IS also the moist pallid or subrufous spot on which it is seated; asci narrowly “4 Ff _ clavate, subacute ; spores oblong-fusiform, simple, .0006'—.0007' long, ont Ae broad; paraphyses numerous, filiform. ‘i Decaying chestnut wood. Mechanicville. Oct. ay ~ Thave seen no description of this genus, and refer our specimens to ii Pe because of their congeneric relation to Hematomyces vinosus C. & ae Dermarea cannes C. & E. i s 2: Dead Viburnum stems. West Albany. - Oct. sts we ‘0 oe _ DeRMATEA PHYLLOPHILA Pk. ne fe Cups minute, suborbicular, often with a flexuous margin, dry, somewhat fhe 4 ___ rous in texture, brownish and slightly hairy externally, erumpent, surrounded and partly concealed by the ruptured epidermis, sometimes throwing of a _ fragment of it, when moist, expanded and revealing a plane pallid or dingy white disk; asci oblong-clavate, obtuse, sessile; spores broadly elliptical, nearly colorless, .0003'—.00035’ long, .0002’-.00025’ broad, generally con- taining a large shining nucleus; paraphyses thickened above, often a little longer than the asci. B Lower surface of balsam leaves while yet on the tree. Summit. Sept : At first sight this fungus might be taken for some effete Peridermium, suck _ is its general external appearance. When moist the cups are swollen and become more distinct. Under a lens the disk has a pruinose appearance. 4 The leaves that are attacked are killed by the fungus, all those bearing it being dead, though in the immediate vicinity of living ones. _ Dermatea XantTHoxy.i Ph. y Cups densely tufted, minute, often irregular from {mutual compression, “4 _ brownish-lilac, externally and on the margin whitish with a villose pruinosity, — disk plane or slightly concave; asci short, clavate; spores crowded, simple, . ; er * slightly curved, subcylindrical, obtuse, colorless. Les y- __ Dead branches of prickly ash, Xanthorvylum Americanum. West i= gi. -- Oct. _ The tufts are scarcely a line broad and easily overlooked, yet they some- _ times contain a dozen cups each. | - Caxaxoren Cabeanee Ph, fe CO 9 Se a RR Ra Oblong or hysteriiform, erumpent, closely ‘dochounleds by the vm epidermis, black; asci oblong-clavate; spores linear, curved, involved in i . ‘ mucus, slightly colored, .0011’—.0012’ long. | Dead stems of leather leaf, Cassandra calyculata. Center. June. ~ Crnanerum PEZIZOIDES Pk. zs meer Fs : 4 i ___ Cups scattered, minute, erumpent, sessile or attached by a narrowed hace i Stee smooth, black ; asci oblong-clavate ; spores crowded oblong-elliptical, .0008’— * F ay _.001' long, often containing a single large nucleus, sometimes slightly curved. _ © Dead stems of leather leaf, Cassandra calyculata. Center. June. This was associated with C. Cassandre, but the two are easily ie iy _ guished. ct “TyMpants ACERINA Pk, eo ‘ Cups subceespitose,.obconic, erumpent, black with a distinct often flexnous margin, disk concave ; asci oblong-cylindrical ; spores oblong, colored, .0005'— ; ~ ,0008’ long, containing a granular endochrome, at length quadrinucleate « or __ triseptate. Bark of maple trees. Adirondack al Catskill Mountains. Aug. ond Sept. : Mz ‘ The cups often manifest a tendency to form lines or grow in linear tufts. ag They are usually accompanied by Sphaeronema acerina, which is probably ____ one condition of the species. Both frequently grow from the same chink in _ +>... .the bark. ; ey BE sh : A ne. PATELLARIA’ OLIVACEA Batsch. ’ Y Decaying wood. Adirondack and Catskill Mountains. July and Sept. A form of this species occurs which 1 is hispid with straight rigid black hairs or sete. Be Sororie BRUNNEOLUM Pk. | 4 Perithecia small, innate, brown or blackish-brown, with four or five pathenes ty broad teeth; disk dingy-white ; asci cylindrical or clavate, narrow; spores — ; small, colorless, sublanceolate or oblong-ovate, often binucleate, .0003 —.0004/ — long. ‘a Fading leaves of Galiwm trifidum. Summit. Sept. T have seen no description of Phacidium autumnale Fckl., but acieriiiee to my Huropean specimens of that species, our plant is quite different. _ TRIBLIDIUM MORBIDUM PA. Perithecia seated on a thin black crust, opilee elliptical or oblong, — rugose, black, at length widely gaping or even suborbicular, revealing the dingy-white or cinereous disk; asci narrowly lanceolate, tapering towards the base; spores filiform, .003’—.004' long. Decaying prostrate trunks of spruce. Sandlake. Aug. Ba The general appearance of the perithecia is such as to suggest ‘as ee q that they are diseased or badly developed. They indicate that the plant 1 is a ae. Triblidium, but the spores are like those of Colpoma. ive ee cet eet tens NIUM HYALOSPORUM Cnc in litt. Rate Decaying wood. Willowemoc. W. R. Gerard. — Hyronerma NERVISEQUUM DC. Leaves of balsam. Mt. Marcy and Summit. ate A o The specimens are without truit, but so closely resemble European speci - mens that I have no hesitation in referring them to this species. RayrtisMa Maximum Ff’, . Living stems of willows, Salix sericea. Stamford, Delaware cong Sept. This is also without fruit, but so characteristic in other respects, that ther can scarcely be a doubt of its identity. It kills the stems and branches it attacks. _ Hypocrea viripis Tode. Maple chips. Griffins. Sept. ey This is so unlike our ordinary forms of H. gelatinosa, that it seems best to keep them distinct, though some botanists unite them. Hypoxyton xantTuocreEas B. & C. --_—-—- Prostrate dead alders. Center. Sept. ; Our specimens agree with those Seaed from Dr. Curtis under this name, aa but they do not agree with the description of the species as published int ER Grevillea. In our specimens the young plant is covered with a compact yel- low conidiiferous stratum bearing elliptical conidia .00016 —.0002 long. As the stroma increases in size, it becomes naked above, and of a purple-brown or chestnut color, which contrasts beautifully with the yellow margin. When _ old it becomes darker, but I have not seen it “‘black’’ as described. The surface is generally irregular or uneven. The stroma is whitish or pallid — __-within, but near the surface it is yellow. The spores vary from Ce _ . .0006° in length. I find none, neither in our specimens, nor in those of Dr. Curtis, as small as stated in the description. But for the examples of Dr 4 Birch bark. Oneida. Wane: Bhs. is PS Dortipea Errosu F’r. 3 Dead stems of willow herb, Hpilobiwm angustifolium. Adirondack — a Mountains. Aug. » VALSA TRANSLUCENS De Not. iy Dead willow branches. West Albany. Apr. Varsa XanrHoxyit Ph. Pustules slightly prominent, erumpent, with a yellowish or tawny _ furfuraceous disk which is dotted by the ostiola; perithecia two to fifteen, o __ rarely single, fragile, pale, surrounded by a tawny tomentum, which is some- times agglutinated into a kind of spurious receptacle ; ostiola distinct, short, obtuse, black, at first suffused with a yellowish-green powder ; asci subcylin- way be _ drical ; spores crowded or biseriate, oblong, obtuse, straight or slightly curved, , .0008'— 001’ long, .0003 broad, three to five-septate with an oceasional longi- tudinal septum, at first colorless, then yellowish. ¥ ‘2 _ ‘ ¢) us 5 ‘ ys Mr 4 Dead bi branches of prickly | ash oe yen » Americanum. es et. DRIES ; a ‘Sik x i The species belongs to the Pacuitay lee series. ALSA CRATRGI Curr. : | gaa ~ Dead ash branches. Catskill Mountains, Bent Bae Bho Our specimens do not fully agree with the description of the species s which we have referred them, but the differences are not very decided OPHIOSTOMA scELEsTUM C. & E. hee Decaying wood of apple tree. Helderberg Mountains. May. OPHIOSTOMA PROMINENS Pk. _ Perithecia very prominent, hemispherical, adnate at the fee 07 broad, smooth, black; ostiola distinct, compressed, black, shining ; ascl i esate : ; Spores biseriate, oblong or subfusiform, straight or slightly curved _ colored, five-septate, .0008 —.001'long. ae ‘Dead twigs of button-bush, Ce phaewiiias occidentalis. Center. Tune. Pc _ The species is related to We bicuspidatum, but the perithecia are not im at : mersed, and the spores are destitute of cuspidate points and longitudinal septa Dead branches of sheep-berry, Viburnum Lentago. Albany. May. _ ‘The spores in our specimens are .003' long, and quadrilocular with the two, ~ central cells shorter than the terminal ones. a . - Perithecia very minute, .003'— 004 in diameter, superficial, numerous, at length collapsing, black, beautifully hispid with straight diverging black setees ’ sci narrowly fusiform or lanceolate ; spores narrow, subfusiform, colorless, ng -.00025'-.0003 long, the endochrome sometimes eho in the middle. er Chips in woods. Griffins. Sept. X, Externally this fungus has the appearance of some species of Venturia, bu “it appears to have paraphyses among the asci. yer SPHZRIA FIMISEDA Ces. & De Not. Bs Excrement of cows. Oneida, Warne. a : Ba 3 mS ‘SPHZERIA CLADOSPORIOSA Schw. Old Polyporus sulphureus. Buffalo. Apr. Clinton. LE. _This, as peer ley fee is ave a true Spheeria, but as the specimens are * > , Be Chucicora) CURVICOLLA Pk. ae i a Perithecia small, .03’/-04’ broad, scattered or two to three confluently . ae crowded, erumpent, at length naked, hemispherical, black; ostiola short, ‘eub- - cylindrical, shightly curved; asci oblong; spores crowded or _ Diseriate colorless, .0006’—.0009' long, .0003' broad. Dead stems of Polygonuin articulatum. Center. Oct. By oa > Fa ep sRAG (Pi 4 ae A Ns re cea ae ROS Sa a ¥ ¢ - Report or rue Boranist. 51 The noticeable character of this species is its short curyed ostiolum, which is usually bent upwards toward the top of the stem on which the Sphzeria grows. It is generally cylindrical, but sometimes slightly attenuated, some- times a little compressed. SpHzRIA (CAULICOLZ) SORGHOPHILA PA. Perithecia very minute, immersed, erumpent through a longitudinal chink, elliptical, black ; asci elongated, clavate ; spores biseriate, oblong-cylindrical, triseptate, constricted at the septa, pale when young, then colored, .0011/— -0012’ long. On the brush of an old broom. North Greenbush. June. The ostiola are so obscure that they can with difficulty be seen. Spazeia Typuxx Schw. Decaying leaves of Typha latifolia. Greenbush. May. SpHz#ria Gnomon Tode. Fallen leaves of Ostrya Virginica. West Troy. June. Spu#RIA CREPINI West. Spikes of club-moss, Lycopodium annotinum. Mount Marcy. Aug. The affected spikes become conspicuous by r:ason of the discoloration pro- duced by the parasite. The scales appear slightly thickened or the epidermis a little elevated by the tomentose stratum beneath it. Spo#riA Marciensis Ph. Perithecia minute, punctiform, covered by the epidermis, which is ruptured by the distinct slightly prominent blunt ostiola; asci oblong-cylindrical, ses- sile; spores crowded, subfusiform, blunt, slightly colored, triseptate, .001’— .0011! long, .V003! broad, the cells generally nucleate. Leaves of club-moss, Lycopodium annotinum and L. Selago. Mount Marey. Aug. This species, though closely related to the preceding, is clearly distinct. It inhabits only the leaves, has no investing tomentum, has a more decided ostiolum and longer spores. The matrix is not discolored by it. \ Venturia Dickie De Not. Leaves of twin-flower, Linnea borealis. Mount Marcy. Aug. I am not aware that this interesting little fungus has before been detected in this country. (5.) NEW STATIONS, NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. CrticirruGA RACEMOSA E//. Schodack, Rensselaer county. Rev. H. Wibbe. All the specimens of this plant that [ have seen have the pods supported on a short stalk or pedi- cel, as figured and described by Dr. Torrey in the New York State Botany, although they are described in both the Manual and Class Book as sessile. Viota Canapensis J. was observed in flower near Griffins, as late as the middle of September. 52, THIRTY-FIRST REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. HyperricuM PYRAMIDATUM Ait. ; Near ‘‘ Ball’s Head,”’ Rensselaer county. Wibbe. Evatine Crinronzrana PA. Having recently reéxamined and compared the seeds of this plant and H. Americana, I find that the seeds vary somewhat, and that the differences which I formerly observed vanish when many specimens are compared. I am, therefore, of the opinion that the former is merely a dwarf state of the latter. Impatiens FULVA Nutt. A white-flowered form. Irondequoit. G. T. Fish. Ruus typHina L. Apparently a hybrid between this and R. glabra. Fort Edward. M. W. Vandenburg. PoTeNTILLA RECTA ZL. Oswego. Wibbe. Lyrarvm Sauicaria L. River banks, near Oswego. Wibdbe. LonicERA CHRULEA L. Plentiful on the borders of Lake Tear. Mount Marcy. NARDOSMIA PALMATA Hook. Guilderland, Albany county. SoLIpDAGO LATIFOLIA L. Apparently a hybrid between this and S. cesia. Fort Edward. Van- denburg. SoLIDAGO RIGIDA J. Plentiful along the Harlem railroad at Copake. This is probably one of its most northern stations. HiIeRACcIUM AURANTIACUM J. Meadows near Oswego. Wibbe. This plant appears to be rapidly spread- ing over the State. ; VACCINIUM CORYMBOSUM J. V. ATROCOCCUM Gir. This strongly marked variety occurs in Sandlake. ATRIPLEX HASTATA L. ‘+ Spreading and becoming rather common about Albany. MonTeLiA TAMARISCINA Nuit. Shore of Lake Champlain at Ticonderoga. Uitmus Americana L. A corky-bark form of this tree occurs in the vicinity of Albany. The corky portion is in layers parallel to the surface of the trunk. I have not observed it on the branches. SALIX MYRTILLOIDES L. Marshes near Center, Albany county. ‘s A monstrosity in which all the parts, except the stem and stigmas, appl to be double. There are six leaves, six sepals, six petals, twelve stamens, and apparently two ovaries closely united. The stigmas are numerous, b I have not been able to count them accurately. Oswego. Wibde. | Cuamzumicm LUTEUM L. : iy Ske ___-—-— Near Nassau, Rensselaer county. Wibbe. oe _ Scrreus Eriopsorum Mz. v. cyPerinus Gr. . at Oswego. Wide. a | Ruyncnosrora MACROSTACHYA Torr. ‘ ____- Shore of “‘ Mud Pond,” five miles southwest of Oswego. Wibbe. Pe shige - Bromus Tecrorum L. no Along the Hudson River railroad. Greenbush. iy Triticum caninum LZ. Buffalo. Clinton. This is a remarkable variety in which the leaves _ involute and the sheaths hairy. BPs Be AsPIpIuM sPINULosUM Sw. v. DUMETORUM Sm. Syracuse. Mrs. S. M. Rust. 4 hy AspPrpiuM CRISTATUM Sw. v. CLINTONIANUM Haton. Ne Buffalo. Clinton. This beautiful fern proves to be more common than was at first sappe 35 in _I have observed it in three new localities the past season. Near ae Schoharie county; near Griffins, Delaware county; and in the ots Mountains, near Big Indian. } _ QONOCLEA SENSIBILIS J. v. oBTUSILOBATA Torr. ak Syracuse. Mrs. Rust. whe a ) Borrycuium Lunaria Sw. Mrs. Rust sends specimens of this interesting fern from the original locality near Syracuse, where she first discovered it. She writes that the _ plants occur in but one little spot, and, with most commendable care for the preservation of the fern, she says that she cautiously plucks a few without — _ taking them up by the roots. We sincerely hope that others who may possess ~ the knowledge of this single New York locality, may be equally careful not » to destroy it. It is greatly to be regretted that the locality of Woodsia glabella, at Little Falls, has been exhausted, and its loss should stimulate all | true lovers of nature to be careful of such rare gifts. __ Mrs. Rust finds, in Onondaga county, thirty-seven of the fifty apectee: - - ferns that have been detected in the State. Pag x ‘Borrycurum SIMPLEX Hitch. _ Near Oswego. Wibbe. hy 3 FR: > . J Wins ea te bt er TO Pu, Py ey Urey Nee ean 2) Mae . & ‘ os ie or ed EEL RE eae a | pa & ab 54 Tuirty-rirst Report on Tae Srare Museum. — BorrycHiIuM LANCEOLATUM Angst. Pine Hill, Ulster county. AGarRicus RADICcATUS Relh. Two forms of this species occur here, one with a rather stout smooth stem, — the other with amore slender stem covered with minute scurfy particles. — The former agrees with the description of the species, the latter does not, This last is the most common form with us. Agaricus RUGosopiIscus Pk. ; This Agaric, when wounded, exudes a serum-like juice. It belongs tothe ~ subgenus Collybia rather than to Omphalia, and should be placed near A. SUCCOSUS. AGARICUS LACCATUS Scop. This wonderfully variable species sometimes has the lamellze notched behind precisely as in the subgenus Tricholoma. AGARICUS H&@MATOPUS Pers. j I find a non-ceespitose form of this species with red-margined lamella. Its red juice, however, will serve to distinguish it and show its true relations. AGARICUS SARCOPHYLLUS PA. This species, which was discovered in 1869, and had not since been found by me, reappeared this season in a pasture near Ticonderoga. It is very rare. AGARICUS ARVENSIS Schaff. In an oat field, Ticonderoga. AGARICUS SEROTINOIDES Pk. I am satisfied that this is a mere variety of A. serotinus, and should not be kept distinct. It is probable also that A. perplexus Pk. is only an American variety of A. sublateritius, from which it scarcely differs except in the color of the lamelle. CopRINUS ANGULATUS PA. The description of this species was drawn up from dried specimens, and is therefore inaccurate. It is here revised. Pileus thin, campanulate or conyex, rimose-suleate, sub-fuscous, disk squa- mose, with a few brownish sub-persistent verruce ; lamellz narrow, close, free ; stem equal or slightly tapering upward, hollow, white ; spores black, triangu- lar-ovate, compressed, .0003’—.0004' long, .0003/ broad, .0002° thick. OANTHARELLUS AURANTIACUS Lr. Center. A variety with the lamelle nearly white. Troaia Atni Pk. The spores are very minute, narrow, cylindrical, slightly curved, colorless, .0002'—.00025’ long. . PoLyPorus ScUTELLATUS Schw. This species, as it occurs with us, is generally dimidiate, and more or less” ungulate. ‘The pores are not distinctly rhomboidal in most cases, nor have I seen them changed toa black color. In ungulate specimens they are elongated, — and, in length, much exceed the thickness of the hymenophorum. In the young ReEvricuLaARiA UMBRINA I. \ witch-hazel. In Dr J. Rostafinski’s Monograph of the Myxogasters, Reticularia lycoperdon Bull, has been substituted for the name in common use. This Monograph, being based on an entirely new system of Classification, necessi- tates a change of name in numerous instances. How thoroughly different the — system, and how wide spread the change of names therein inaugurated may be inferred from the following facts. Of the hundred or more species given in the Handbook of British Fungi less than one-fourth remain under their old names. Three out of the four species of Reticularia are referred to as many different genera, leaving one species only in the genus and another specific name is given to that one. The generic name Fuligo takes the place of ZEthalium, and the two supposed species, 42. seplicum and A’. vaporiarumn, help make up a page of synonyms under the name Muligo varians. The genus Diderma is discarded and its thirteen species are distributed among three genera, Chondrioderma taking the largest share. In several instances two, and in one or two cases three supposed species have been united in one. The genus Physarum has had its characters so modified that it now comprehends species that before were found in Diderma. Didymium and Angioridium ; and one of its species, Physarum nutans, with its varieties, has been transferred to Tilmadoche and separated into two species. The adoption of so many new names at once will necessarily be attended by some disadvantages, yet we think the advantages to be derived from the adoption of this new method of classification will more than compensate for the temporary inconvenience. One thing is quite evident to my mind, and that is, that the species may be more satisfactorily referred to their proper places by this system and by the description, given by Rostofinski than they ossibly could be by the old system and deseriptions. The following is a list of the New York M resent known, The names m the first or left hand column are those required by an arranged according to the new system ; those in the second column are the old names, applied to such of the species as have before been reported and published as New York species: Present Names. Former Names. Physarum cinereum Batsch. Didymium cinereum Fr. P. contextum Pes. Diderma flavidum Pk. ig flavidum Pk. Didymium flavidum Pk. Pp; sipuosum Dull. Angioridium sinuosum G'reo. i polymorphum Mont. Didymium connatum 17k. a. albicans Pk. D. subroseum Pk. i citrinellum Pk. Diderma citrinum Lr. . luteolum Pk. Zz, inzequalis Pk, Pp. ornatum Pk. P; atrorubrum Pk, a. psittacinum Ditton. 'F pulcherripes Pk. Physarum pulcherripes Pk, yexigaean nutans Pers. nutans Pers. mutabile R. ig eat 1 +e *% . ee - - ~s) . ~~ it ae ee » an ~t hides’ Buffalo. Cli riffins. ; ~ : Poocrnra strIoLa Lk, _ Leaves of Carex irrigua. Summit. g . a ‘Usniraco URCEOLoRUM Tvl. Pe Fruit of Carex irrigua. Mount Marcy. The spores in these specimens are large and much less angular and unequal than usual. ‘ILBUM GIGANTEUM PA. | find this associated with Patellaria leptosperma Pk. in such a way as. ae ; | _ suggest the probability, at least, that it is a form of the latter species. ies A “ peelcevetia SULCATA Afz. _ oie _ The prominent character in this species, as indicated by the name, is the suleate stem. The furrows are very deep, and extend, without interruptio the entire length of the stem. The whole stem, as shown by a cross-section, is made up of the costze intervening between these furrows. I do not find the _ stem “stuffed,” as required by the description in Syst. Mye. Vol. ii, p. 15. a ‘The pileus is generally darker than that of H. crispa. x és Our New York species of Helvella readily fall into three groups dépenaiaan S, on the character of the stem. The following tabular arrangement will re ae this feature, and aid in tracing the species. Ne: ee. s. = , a Ben? New York Species of Helvelia. Rt’ ‘Stem even, stout, three lines of more in diameter. Pileus inflated, gyrose-lobate. ef Spores: elliptical..)........ 00. Unie: heWes: canes Real oie as -. H. esculenta Pers. Net PANN ecw o eiraen s ave she's aia ois b's’ Cae v's wie aio) sienaid H. sphzerospora Pk. Pileus detiexed, lobate, spores elliptical eet etn teaiee -i..¢. H. Infulu’ Schagoes iSite costate-sulvate, stout. : PEW W AAC curee me wteeine Aeineee saenee ote sles tds ee eee eT the H. erispa Fr. pay Be. Pileus colored. ....... evened seesee sees cteccecs'coes H. sultata AfZ, ee _ Stem even, slender, less than two lines thick fan a ESprerna Wee RC OLED Poser MR ic Joe c esiens tac '<'e los os Pe oe ir H. gracilis Pk. BY Stem -velvety-prulmoses ies sees cten es wees ag RGeobtr ng Es H. elastica Bull, i The first and second species in the table belong to the more recent genus _ Gyromitra. The last one, H. elastica, is sometimes nearly black, and is, ye. 3 perhaps, then H. atra. These two, according to the descriptions, bane th pee pileus free, but in our plant it is sometimes adnate to the stem. H. lacunosa eer and H. ephippiwm have not yet occurred with us. a ee | # Cs ENANGIUM Cerasi Fr. 2 This is not limited to cherry in its habitat, but occurs also on birch. | eR DIGITATA Grev. _ One of our most common Revie agrees with the characters ascribed to this species, except in the size of the spores. These are described as .J007’ 0008 long. In our plant they are about .0005 long. Because of its shores G spores, it has sometimes been referred to X. Hypoaylon ; but in this species __ the stem should be villose, a character which our plant does not exhibit. The — difference between its spores and those of X. digituta is so marked and so — constant that it should not be disregarded. I therefore propose to dishtigaa Deh 24 rae teh aK, “veg? Yves a our plant as a variety, giving it the name X. digitata var. A frequent on decaying wood and old prostrate, mossy trunks. = “Eevee The following tabular arrangement will exhibit the principal distinguishing _ features of the New York species thus far reported : ‘7 H i A . ‘ & 59s et ek ; -New York Species of Xylaria. ae tes ” ‘3; Club everywhere fertile, obtuse. Te — ————— Spores .0005'-.0012! long... 2.5 cece eens ceeeee cere eee . XX. polymorpha Grev. Spores .0004? long. 6... cece cece eee cece cece cree cees X. corniformis Fr | Club sterile above, subacute or attenuated. geet ts Sterile apex short, subacute. ; ME _ Club irregular, subovate, large. .... 2.2... ++. satel souls) Wee Siem Gas aaa & igo: Club regular, subcylindrical..... Ei otsias aig, hela Seararan diate a0) 7) ae it ao Sterile apex acuminate or attenuated. Rds Gt": Steer short, villose. “Fn 1's 932 )cbes-3 ee ves esee sees ceee X. Hypoxylon Grev. Stem not villose. : - Perithecia numerous, little prominent. ; Stems generally connate at the base or digitately gh}. Pee STOCK. «\)ocfacieg ech es arouse evee ss LMT ewe AP diotiaitan Garam (Fe Stems always simple............ Sais ola Phase Wierene'ee einen X. graminicola Ger. Perithecia few, very prominent..... 0. .seee sees eeeeee Xs filiformis A. @S. In X. acuta the short, sterile apex sometimes appears like a short mucro-— ‘ nate point, and sometimes it 1s quite obsolete, so that the plant might be mis- taken for X. coniformis, but for its larger spores. Its thicker club, simpler ‘Sc. habit, and peculiar apex, separate it from X. digitata. pe XX. graminicola might easily be taken for a simple form of X. digitata ve. Americana. X. Hypowylon is extremely rare with us. Spumera eximra Ph, a ie Owing to the delay in the issue of the Twenty-eighth Report, the name of © ___ this species was antedated by S. amphicornis Ellis. eae ah ay Spua@ria MorBosa Schi. 25 fa a This deleterious fungus was found on branches of the wild black cherry, ‘ee Prunus serotina, in Keene Valley, Essex county. It is now known to occur a in Wy E - . Y . ee bY ae AS pa on Prunus domestica, P. Americana, P. Cerasus, P. Virginiana, P. “oR Pennsylvanica and P. serotina. Two of these are plum-trees—one intro- duced, the other native—and the remaining four are cherry trees, of which ere. the three last are indigenous. es a, : ’ ray ee’ «In the preceding pages, when no name is added to the station or stations, the plant has been found therein by the writer. Dates signify the time when the specimens were collected, and therefore indicate, to some extent, the time of the ye iS occurrence of the plant. ee, Grateful acknowledgements are rendered to those Botanists who have kindly aided me by contributions of specimens. Their names appear in the precedmg pages. = ae Respectfully submitted, a ¥ CHARLES H. PECK. ak ALBANY, January 4, 1878. gay ; INDEX LS recAl SynoPseEs. Qgaraccust 23—~— 66 Clararian 14-04 Pucca £5 -//0 Kylarin 9/4 - 59 ela. 8fe- OF RS Fix hse Mew Fark VMhy yo gad Pers (Wtyyoruyetis) Fl — aS, Synopece Hf] Wetelagye A/7, 118 © ud Geer Mavdt, £4-71 ? 3OGae IL, Srecies DEcr/BED + - OR MENTIONED. Qerrefirna Com pridiun 25 55- Berlin —Synpecs 2405 Atbirn 26.75 + eLeuitt 24.99 TF Arridatiunr 123,59 oy eae 29,92 Berber hlcd 247/ CallThai 259s Toman 13,57 Cherxa “als 2S OF se Leet | Cotnfoetarun 21.93 Comnvuathlar:ae 25,92 raed 25,94. AracenUatiean 25.6/ Aubin 27./044 & 23.20 oe... LET, he bade Ayperte potion 24,92 orheact . 30.76 . pray ME I gerane 23,59 Qerarcls Le N5.%24 guaphalatim 1293 Groanlarnat 22,93 Bedi “ute (ConTnuid) howelontialicnr 28,98 5 15.109. duct tsi 2A Ga fy droptey lc 26.754 huypericaline 25.92. amnfialieig 13,5% An ahed LE PF+F Cre a ie Lyeoft 24.77 & MLA ie, SAG Masia Wiha sck LLI2ZF MmMéiuthar 24,72 Catecin. D200 Mivgatar 27./0¥ Eno thera’ 23,60F Orobe SF. : Odinerrlazat L4924 : pecelerusrces ZLEP2 : gpa clr froliene 23,59 yaouuntula ciarine 2492 Fanutncnke 29,574 Janbuci 23,93 faniculai 30.5% Tinmce 2% 2; 25,109 Uakictr: LEGZ Uricart 24,92. Lvrtari a2 26.76 Yicltat 29,59. Bi gerita Can lo a7%,5/ (lk thak in frrinecta 26,79 29157 16,594 4¢ ; S157 Sepia 22.99 1 3157 Abacendisnd GID F Aiudaus AG.3F Acercecka Pip de ¢ Actisgiuancind 23.71% © Adipowd 245.704 Odirendacktinsed 23,774 Odinirabtid 2464 125.55 aggercecta L4,.67+ OLbitermid 26,63 F albeerinulatics £5.77 F albsflarradud 249.75 F abboarisecd 24.33 Aenericanacd 430-714 pb .108 anguti pres J0.40F trtcds 90.I5t enticd AIF arimncklinid 30,424 Arutneis 21.76 ; CR Adio Ah 66 hhudg 24,66 atedig AVF atonatag 24,/02.F Atmoakbrides 27.75 + Atte chirik tus 22.77 istehud 6,56 Caisarins 23,6 calathus 24,61 Cakkhigti.s 2E6.59+ . Campanut 28,/02 4 CampeetTris 221.76;23.974+ LLa.22.77-43.654 Cawfptrfpiug SNnG54" [24 102.:2 Baudoheanig IO.$S Carn eiey 23764 Cecckiad? 23,704 CRRA LES 27,92 Crating 26,57 ¢ Chinn ds 29,/00t Citrine 23, Se Chimoncphhuds 2796307 ChrydentErordhed 24.60+ CAry 2ind 23,654 Ae Lhe F/.I 2 Cirrhatig 23,60 CPrintllig 29,599 Chitinrianud LX ETH Chilis 2¢ 32 chy ptatig 22.77 chy pertariiud 25,22 F Collariatas 22624 Ls 26,5¥F Erlirni 26,474 Concenes 2K EEF Courgenorles 30.99 Conigenuds 26,54. Connepe ud 26,59F+ Contratinds 90. ¥0F | ‘tort S$ 26,594; 296 conelands ~7,79F Corti cota 23.544 Crilactiuds 22.76 Cristatillics 31,31 + Curtiegcc hep Curwi~nargru 23.92 has tee Cyaned 26,55HF Arbiles 25.76 dekicatrbhis J9.99F Avkicattekiy 214664 Ashi rash hig 26,4 +; 33 Agariced Covtinu tS) Aiminutivicd L659 + Aiaecrleor 25.754 hiteoriorbrolug LE SEF 2I,/0724+ AtXipig 25,754 Aorsatcs 24.694 Ses 23,79 4+ ES Lb, 5-5 Leb ficecles Z¢EEI#F plea’ ES 27. 4¥0F bin 77; 25.53% Eficnanthiud 22, Hi es EgKtcPri's 24,60 Erinacei (Lrg IO.70 EK ticlcig 2Y,65 4 Ekimings 1y. 70F vfaneee 24, St F a 9,79 + ferurereg 23.7 0F+ follax 25 ry flies L630 + 2366+ ' 16,70) Sibuloicles als ¥, Ea+ 27 Ay) ferrets 29,/01 + Pedi lawee 2065 Hlevteceng 26.5 /F ang 30,35 23,764 poi uatits 16,664 Fragk',, ee ap Fragrance 2H 6 / Fitetsguamcuy 26,504 EV Cub ates 22, 77, 24,5 14269, 2794 (ag ari cd (con? ; ef) geminctludg £6,564 Gtofrhy hid 23.764; 26.90. Gerardennud 6,544 gra cckis 23,1024 Gractllhinnud 25,76 Gracclrikes FO,¢4a4F Vranmilarig L6,5OR 24,7 Bt Graganuuig ZLCLEF Pricgeneds ZECL#F GrrekvoeCabrodieg 26,574. Natleanud LZ3,G04 hae malo price ZKEB;IL,5¢ hauktitler<3 14 gg Mittilionca cote Whitten LE FTEH bitters cheng LL EF ftadcceend 25-79 NegtlauS213e4 24674 OpiUamiiilesziig 25,75 + L5,73 Aicc ils gad Ad Fo Ane LG, gor AUuhtilend 30.404 23,964 ; 30,70 Caeca ted 22, II; 4377+ Cateriiy 23,97 d Lae rapecsichaycste SO,7 Liebe 26.574 Laney L651 F Latin tid 23,794 Latifelig 23,5/+ hiaxicint Abe Lekiefed 3,344 23,67¢ Cagis: 14634 46, G2. hignicota 23,4 4 Tinmce rad 22 5 2S, /09 Uokctryi 24,72 Urkcrat 24.92. Uorlariat 26.75 Yicltat 29.57. Bgerite Canolk la 27,.5/ (le thak un rsisncte 26.79:3197 LE.SY4¢ 9157 septic AZ OF yy 31ST Abreexdesnet GII2F Ahiundaus 29.3¢ QAcercec€a rey Bd Actetla 27.74 SS a Pah TATE ps Z 23,70 ¢ be gid Caner aUbetermud 26.53 F albrerenulatics 25,774 albsplacrdid 29:75 F abbooriszed 24.33 Anerves (2a 7I(F 15105 angustipes 30.40F rtd 30.955F¢ eet’ LES Pipe lsd 30,427 epi t4 22-76; 31.5F Adco 2 65 + hhudg 24.66 atodeg AVF atemnatais 23,/02LF Atralbrides 27.75 + Otte chriuk cus 22:77 ut LEEEF auGennalis 23.924 billukus 16.56F brtalen 2s. 78 bys iseclud 16,56 caesariud 23,68 calathus 24,61 CETTE 23,764 Cecckca2 23,70 CfatL2ei pes 27.92 CET ad 12nd 26,57 F CLAMNMKH“1I 29./60 t CirttnKd 23), Sepia ChimoenopnLhed 27.9630, Chrydenterorhed 2460+ Chiy ind 23,654 Me Lhe F/.F2 Cirrhatng 23,60 Ctrinelhleg LIF Chi tinrianud LY ETH | hice bhi 2464 Le Se 22.77 bteL 2nd Collariatas 23.624 rid 26.544 | brterni. 264¢9F Conuueed t¥ fee | Contacneles 30g Contgennd LbE,SY¥ | Connex ud 26.59F | Contratinds 30. ¥04 | notched 26.594; Zee) conelans 27,94 ; Covrtuceta Laie rl Crelactinds 22.76 Crietalillhics 31,31 + Curtiedcc 21.76 | Cali 23.924 LY64¥HF WALEED Ee SSF Arkilis 25.76 ll - — | al \ \ | ! ccs (Conlmued) Agaric? Cortina eS) ser nethed £6.56 F AiminuLivid LE59+ Geofety tli 23.764; 26.90. Aca color LF, 7FH ; 2 Gerardianied 2E, STH HF de Cor crbiolig 26,4 an 2a 2Xheg 23.4024 ‘ re aipes 403 GrackLl inns 25,76 Atspuyg : tacr-loihlegs 20,¢4+ Aorsates 2.694 Prnicbar ts 26,55 7 Arye feticlig 25,79 + y Gee i Etiuipes 2b.55 | Ze es é : ‘ EXGew2ts ZEES#F ty pores LEI Priecoecabrotue le S74 Lor atipes 2B gos | Netlianud 23.70 t+ pope Aged 24.77 :2.2604 popes ae ae fhauHtiller oles 23, FEF Centr. 23,9¢¢ ET OtdLLf 29,394 TS em, 25,4 _ Pranvemutanad 27.3 6F Buneceola 26.957¢%F tutisoownd 23,50F wlmarinsg 24,67 : LESS F lLemtouatiscend 30.41 UunthiLlateh5heg Fl,93 + yaceinn“eg FF FE yAguatig 23 OF ch yartatelLige #, 69 : ; L399 #F Vlu ti peed 12,77; 29.774 ISIS F Ver nates 23,914 Vrrnuid 23,E67F VoAeutig 30.70+ Wired CES 25,74 F lotivnatig 2459+ yl garis 23,53 F WaAtd on TOES ALogr Sutcon flucud 25, 708F ’ ATra 30.50 331.56 Patek Sit aoe Lb FT FBI SES 23,53 531.57 a 25,64; FN.S7 Aneatnala 25.4 HAutans 26. 76 meg FA ¥Z Feeictia 24 6¥ Ari guee plate be 24,/D03 rhtucatunr 24.70 Spreccociim AL 71; 27,103, Cckiatis 19.56 Cox eratiug 22.95 Crinmtlatas 36,62 pur A2ACEndg 297,56 Cll die 91.95 : 26,77; B/S F flav a Sho FALEBAES hyalina 29,46 (31,56 AA BSE BLT rigbeg vasa 31,56 Alagliacs Be EN Aue GLbuds 23,/90F Aimnplrporud 26,674 CYAntecind 23,/3 OF EXULCY 23,18/4 24.103. ECbexecd 22,f/2e8 EZ 22,51 ys 22.5/ , 23./3/4 [acres 23./29.4 Frankf LY ree : 22,5/ Prieta 29, 454 Exe Sf 23./26-F Ho 2S, F/F4 MG7TCLELS 29,444 Ornatifed 29.674 fell 26.67+ firbeeter 48: A S2OF atic 29, 4¥ Pechii 27.454 fected 23/284; 26. 70, fpferatid £6.67 Ravieneked Lg FY VEX fees LZEIZZFSRIEZ JIbuctig UES2 Kuesellié 29.44 Satanud 9/,36 Seater 22,51; 23,439 OF Siparalag 25: 544 Seetelrenia 23,/93 F Sfectabk Lis 23,/26F CTrobkclacen 23,/32F Sub Corn cuToerid 23,73/4 Verrucealsoeuid 23,430F cy atte frm 12, 6& 22,566 Arla 30.77 fhamtre ee 2277 PETER 7. v6 as ma - —= —= wes 22,75 Tupae 23,62 lUnolutlala, 23,62 oe Cornea 7K F2 fren eta 24, FZ Ytteo2a 24, G2 Beranti needy 29,/23 45 GAS¥ Cibarluad 23,/224t/ Cinterenl 24.75 Criepud 22.60;23./239F AHeckoTonieg 23./23 + Leg ecvanyg 237,/22F An frunolibulifor cw 2G, 12 3F Lutteceng 23, /22¢ Wtnn- 239,/22¢ pPrucnceid 25.51 F labaz frorened 22.50 ATA Sphaeriat - Lpleenat I0,67 Ceuang ium Qe ashe 25.65 Cacacanlsyati 31.4E Cc atlantic 25977 Cera 24.97 5 ILF7 Aifermatunm 26. 66+ fegegrrces aS, SEF fone 22:96 é 22.9 b acirr 24 °7 ri bcs 22.76 pPube AG, 65 Trian arte 24.97 \Stmiadtinn 22,76. ES sae heyctnoveleg Dba PrrocLel 26.76 Percotfrora Aaupeclohecnr$ 30,554 CALE as 29,52 ¢ Badges 30.56 - EFM A SO,5FF Syuflocarfi 50.564 At Comrie WA Lanotim Le, CFF i Mekcolboroes 17/064 . boTryocpor a Be. & SF. Choudro AEP IMA GLEL ILS E 2 Chuelacknue ILS 6 o , é : DF 29. £6 {IAS6 ya Acatinx F.F6 GF6 { PLSE Liala cine GI, FEZ INTE. Vn ¢ ve 22,9 ica Liteon pee Ley F035 ty, AE 27.10F oLitim F0.51,/ 3656 C(lavariee Synpocs 24, 10%) anu FOF a 2452 5 CEA 2Y¥F2 an HS 22 FT. Cinerin 24 1 CLlavnta 26, FF+ noth id I/)3E4 Crispulo L462 aw 26,72 AY.E1 pragilcd 24,52 watt haé& F ee 23,53 Gracchliina 16.53 + tMinetiguahe$s 22,67 Pee 22.57 Kiss 3 66 LEEL Ligula 242 Mei ecda 2¢ €2 1$_ 23, $3 putetira LE 58+ Lhe ASF3t Cetcd U5.53 yu nm eee CS a2, /btt OL ZY §z. Ceri ete an $7. 'Hragoua 2%, F2 Fricker fred 2462 Vipfetenter hes 90494 ot beep oriune OChAatiiuin 29,57 Cot prowa fife 26,5 ¢/2¢, 6S# | Warliaiiuwe IO, 45 Lacliiinn 26.694 Comatricha Biguakeds 3/, 424;31,56 Frieecara 8/,42 j IS pcbctetha 81,42 {91.56 Ww, na 31,56. Loniothe ee Corubhor deni 23,55 Cops iwtd 7 16,604 | ZNSE HF aghateles 27.964 QALrameutlaring A277 | A402 Comaties 22,77 | 23,1034 akEenrdkd 31,35 + / esti ceed 22.77 Efterutesrnd a Be 8 Ask Ligued 26,604 - agehd pammehiets Mberrefioricd 3,354 MLC atked 235./0¢F Mivred A3,/04¢4 cate leg 22.79; 23.104F Pbhuubend 27, 42 prlchripetiad rf. LE rackatig 24,7/4 yoltinclifporis 31,354 Sin han alg 2471+ Sey moure LE. FOF Sibvakiecs 24 7/+ y ‘ slacteag 23,/09+4 Arg eutatice 23.1054 At4uillatlics 23,/104 ALP ET. 24,72#:27,114 nabs 23,/094 ‘hornted Lae bolarit 24.72 Caperalie 23,/064 Caclan ellig 29.434 Carclaxtng 29, //Qt~ Caclancocdeg 29, 1/14 balsk tLeueie 23,/09 + Chin atu PILE? 23,//0F CLarieolos~ 26,6/ Aannrd 26.6/4+ CothiniTic dg, 23.1074 Coloralig £3./0E54 COntmienc’g 13,1064, JO, 3 Corrugati LYK EAs Craticcidg 30,48 AceTaud 23.114 Eptruiudse4 £3: fecovretacend 27,96 + Lig nari ud 2662+ D! bn. cease beast Lprug feed 26.614 Fo fictdititad Le (On mok eelicg 26, 627% ‘gr tchheed 26,624 actud 23,/07F Oliv needs 24% 724+ CRhicpeerd 30. A34 Cor flryro pris 26 61 hubeler 26. 63+ Veg ukaris 50.43 F Vopualicd 27.427 panuguimtud 23,// OF Sphazrosporus 6,614 C ortin ari ad ae SKlenole lice LI.4LZ4 SZ aniloeied 2F, 105 Fj 2EEF Torrid 26,62 Pri color oe PAT her oe yernalkde 23,1/24F Yielacece 23./05F Cory rece ClLavatisporiune 24 E7F fez ee 25.57 Lt Ed Mavene Lic 24,53 : 27,424 |& ee ee él Candicuge 22.93; 27,/03 Cutbreceg 25:9/ elaeat AP.57/ Jprulooie 27,357 Wehe«d eam 24 EF WMichenere LESTE arr-wm 2Y SE Futeecin€e 22.70 Catia 25,524 D Cornu ot Gee 22.86 Faery ny ced ; J aGl 27/01 bicbeieg 3135-7 ire Cig ee le cen 2Y¥,5/ dLiicblatie 22. &F Eucoeephatine 26,75 {31,56 Bacty Cane ees P02 Eine 24.53- TSI). FC Cribr a oe tteina JOSTHF toraa Baki clakia (OATH AZETY BLF6 COOOL TERS TSS, 2250: = AJoLa 226Y¥ fovfurea - 575 F/,FE 2. 2 ne Cry fe OY Line 2S. 57 Caries 247,47 ae fpajen Moveboracenat’ 29,47 ai ea 22,/0/ Stirfe 15,544 AlLntia 26.754 ber beri 30.65. Sériata LE 75+ Best 6, FO fatctk a 7 Carolla £7,994 L4¢F3 Gristofrklida. 30.46 1C Eee WMudsnerla 22,57 « Mu2ckg ina 25,52 Butea. G36 C71 tutu 22,/0/ prexicccota 23,6¢+ Kakiecla 23. 6¥ ote 23.6¥ ‘tinlaetcotla 23.6% Ea . *Carfhine nr 0.62 “CATHER I/1,¥7 Ctuntanmornta 1¢.674 Fedcececlaris 22 26 fr ftecen ay Fé An Chuca 30,.62+ ply Lo F/,¢74 = Kanthoxy Le 3/474 Sickdta &e Zz IS4-3/. 56 Ltkcopora I156 plinocling 30,50+¢ 4. hubsciccbhes 3.4/4 4 | Bla, a 27.55 + Qneonala 25,724 Biatypt G gs Aipere 2571 Lp ETE Ltutina 29.1014 2 6.86 Céfetabauthe 2956 Cercichicota LE. 101+ Cornicnlate 27.104 Aceector nid 12.96 Acteoccdlea 26.7/+ AMiecreVa 25/01 Burritt é 23,63 ginta S0.6¥ hauelillala 28.63 WMhoroches 26.66/29 634 Platacea 27,1094 ali etna 26.56 Prowactud 26.72 Aurclactecta 19.5% Chg na 22,96 Cectatana 16,56 _ Ulreectind 23.6% elec. WMier0Cnr fs . Unblicatir herman a Paring CEs 2 CLT (ene 22, 69 Havriclee LESH; 31,55 2287, Lo, far Uunkkcealanur e Raa rearees S/$¢ M4; 31.56 | Dike Chiti rine 23,53 5 31,55 Conuatinne 1674 t+ 3/55 Enel ntti Unt Jl, GF Ike; 3/,5 6 farina 16,78 53156 atin, LESYH 8.55 Jurputacenue 216, 7¥4; 31,65 fulifes 22.69 Maynine 24, set 26, 7¢4,/8/156 i Cruelaciuue 26, (44 3196 27,106; 31S6 Ox aleniuine Lh 5#¢4; 3457 Si Crum 24 F431,56 tery 25 SH pn BO. SS KauThoheg 22,57 5 31456 0.5, SG GAS 2b, wb s AridasZosz+ Canatrucig Diener \ Arleercag 2Y 6 GAER 2P, KE paige 27./07 a lous tackeata 27 JO/ Aba Anenmoitt, 24/00 | eo ti 2 2 Sie ree ALP EZ 4 CATLCCS S664 Cry siahioptiorn 24 29 Lali turdnce 27,1094 ; 30.76 resccee (Crebasnt) j 4 a] : ’ ee oe eS GLb 8149 Sega pM ee iseeee [te Hela 27/00 ax 2S ./oR ee ee Oss 7 GLonren LAL IO, 6H 422,/00 ae’ (tiradeg 24100, 2667 TeUtin cola 30, 6% Wand 23,657 Vambeei 2 ¥ ee Ce rae fo orc. YO SF Wifelr Sh, LOB: Sf CAGRA 23.65 Lerirdend ri G0 5F Marte’ 25,96 bry app hect ls 2563+ a ee? ata 25,634 Lhe eens 27 /o¢4 wa 2E 77. CATH) 22/04 Vitti 22/0, (fee Acharil 26,6 5- Lite 5, 102 Ex cc ferbce ‘ Egeuczete 26,77fF Lanugs nora J6,52 + hiuwcotrt ena 2P eer “Al me : Canrtnat-anin ny BAe anucroncectée 26,73 + agatect CDE IT i ee i CaAaceandrdi27, “6+ Le GEO Fos Favorlig Europ ae ced 25,52 Ae featicn 22,60 Fiteg 0 ‘Belracea 3/156 se laces J/, FE% US7 FUsari ine : ALhattirilitiain 2G! WUGricang 2HPZ WeEim 25 972 & Geactir- bryanted 26.73 hygromsG eng 22,59 24,3 S2ecatig Qs 5a ee gaia LEFF HF abe : Ls, 54¥4 BL, ee Se 25,6¢#F Gerghet curs : 25°97 | 26-57 hur ‘ ‘ M1 25974 29.63 E2597 4 - Vikelipeg 25.654 td Migroprurfuraececd 22, Negr Gorn plidics We toly pau Cheed 29, 43 thkllatig A7,76 weeidug 2473 Coriari a 26,7/4 PUKE 3o, 47H Virtecteug 30.474 Ba fleiclisiny Pp. CZ% BIL3G 4 athiulbaria LY 60 HL NatrcaLomery ced OT bt enbarcd 3IY¥74 ke Om & Willire £6 Vie Welhecoefrr uur Ccrne 27/67 OC TR CE 27, Jon4t Me Liitare ea Abertuthcde P0544 Atiunaline 29,50 LL Cerise 2GF,52F Efe : : ee fyolrofieferis FLAS Anti rsentiuatace Fh, Macrocarfow 22,77 unr. 297,52 réchinn AZF7Y¥ Arhicat 16624 (oo eae obi: ActeCart 27./07 II YTHF briyog ensue JO0.6/4 Cariantbhhe 20.614 fifi lay hiss 2896 ; 27, Mili Gracle 26.634 bre 9 ne 29,383 F ’ 26,5684 YS Maleroe for nme 26,52F pleatan LGEETF rugifed 26.52F & sc elluuc L567 gaferefeley Lh 29.554 26.624 529,70 Spt Beebes 17. 106+ auleala U9, ISF Heras r1e Chala Ta FSFE! 31.56 IL SC St, Pp Se Ntuderdonca Marine 2657+ Pecheii 2L&.56F plalank CR ee Wohi aE 2H FE Lambuce 25.67+ SQ7 necclirunse 26.56. FE ene. lCarteuanca 26.70 Coraktl ot leg 22.65 Erinne ted 22.5F Ge pga 24.50 ftrrn e 26.71 Gela liege 2255 Graves tind 22, 55- Vintante. 22. FF Anctbricatianue 23.92 Lat Cicolir~ 22.65 Muthu 22,55 Oth 2A € bun 22.65 pth 24.50 TVipanliunw 22,65 Z seas Ouse ht artolend 22.65 Mile tirr et hirie IL 354 hut fitiurtin, 26.77 Neu maine 380.46 fe OE SK e A229 - 23.113 + anug 25.79 hrserdon het Rk Cunatariines 22.79 ongila Leg 23/144 Conuceng 2L797 5 23.719 4 COiduy 26 64 burned 26,64 Latlus 2473 Marg natig 15-50% Wtbeg 23, //¢ 4 G2” pute’ 2&.$0F hi ctecanud L2E,50 pratenercd LF MIF : a ctnK“dg 24.72 fumctne ZF 79 frre 26.63 F Mk eccotug 297.494 pergctutice 6NO ride My nenocharte tta IO, ¥7# My mennlen elhivaectea ILI7H 27a 297,56F | | CTrua 22.77 Contarla 26 F¥ | ploccora 2ZY77 | Atinecn a 25,/00 | Lact, 22,27 | bateriaa 23. 63 frttle rots | MiclarInenta 2300, 44ee , 22,97; 29.87 beriottg 31. ¥9 Rismagziirii 30.63 Nereiaiguune Il 49 Ny provi Ed pipie dra Sine: 27, FOE OC ra ctug 30,63 PG Sie 26,.E4# wmarug 27.5 7+ van anno 26.6 F Key fox y tow antheracodid 24 97F z Eccrse 25/07 1 ay. 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