<^^>^-^>^ ^>^ OF THE MINISTER OF LANDS AND FORESTS OF THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO for the fiscal year ending MARCH 31,f955 w CONTAINING THE DETAILED REPORTS OF THE DIVISIONS OF ACCOUNTS AIR SERVICE FISH AND WILDLIFE FOREST PROTECTION LANpS LAW OPERATION AND PERSONNEL PARKS reforestation r/esearch surveys and engineering timber management < To His Honour, The Lieutenant Governor of the Province of Ontario. MAY IT PLEASE YOUR HONOUR: The undersigned begs respectfully to present to your Honour, the Annual Report of the Department of Lands and Forests for the fiscal year commencing April 1st, 1954 and ending March 31st, 1955. (Clare E. Mapledoram) Minister THE DETAILED ANNUAL REPORT of the MINISTER OP LANDS AND FORESTS of the PROVINCE OP ONTARIO -X- Por the Year ending March Slat, I955 -X- TABLE OP CONTENTS Division of Accounts Section No . 1 Division of Air Service • Section No . 2 Division of Pish and wildlife Section No. 3 Division of Porest Protection Section No. 4 Division of Lands • Section No . 3 Division of Law . . • • Section No . 6 Division of Operation and Personnel Section No, 7 Division of Parks Section No. 8 Division of Reforestation Section No. 9 Division of Research Section No. 10 Division of Surveys and Engineering Section No. 11 Division of Timber Management Section No. 12 SECTION NO. 1 DIVISION of ACCOUNTS DIVISION OF ACCOUNTS During the year ending March 3l8t, 1955, cash receipts for the Department of Lands and Forests totalled $19,325,785.05. Total cash disbursements amounted to $12, 895, 318.42, representing an excess of $6,430,466.63 in receipts over disbursements. Total receipts show an Increase as compared with the previous ywr, principally reflected in the returns from the sale of timber «nd from hunting and fishing licenses, the Department's main sources of revenue* The increase in Income derived from Crown timber is due in part to the constant demand for forest products of the pulp and paper trade, and the resulting expansion in that industry, sale of ansllng and hunting licenses continues in its upswing, and may be accounted for by the steady population growth and influx of American visitors, and serves to point out the mounting pressure on our game and fish resources. There is every indication that the increased deaand for the products of our renewable natural resources will continue. TREND OF DEPARTMENTAL REVENUE TIMBER RETURNS-CROWN DUES- GROUND RENT d/ FIRE TAX CHARGES FOIl THE FIVE YEAflS ENDING 31 MAUCH 1955 O 6 I i 4 m wK jK mf/ WE S DEPARTMENT OF LAMDa AND J^'-QRESTS DIVISION OF ACCOUNTS FINANCIAL REPORT FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31ST, 1955 1. Cash Receipts and Disbursements The following summarizes the result of operations for the year:- Total - Cash Receipts $19,325,785.05 Cash Disbursements 12,895,318.42 Excess of Receipts over Disbursements $6,430,466.63 2. Comparison of Results with those of prior years (a) Receipts Cash receipts for the year under review compare with those of the pre- vious two years as follows: Years ending March 31st Division ip 1|?? Accounts Water Power Rentals 1,293,570. 1,672,735. 1,539,686. Provincial Land Tax 393,236. 562,723. 644,961. Long Lac Diversion 17,700. 17,250. 16,800. Miscellaneous 35,548. 23,546. 30,660. Air Service 11,720. 16,361. 16,724. Pish and Wildlife 3,409,915. 3,800,735. 3,989,256. Forest Protection 30,l4l. 46,269. 46,487. Land & Recreational Areas 393,322. 408,848. 456,318. Reforestation 128,220. 157,892. 216,247. Surveys 844. 1,451. 238. Timber Management 15,117,701. 11,396,460. 11,927,678. Mlsslssagl Salvage Project 2,31?,??8. 1,86?,16^. 440,730. 23 -l"?. 875. 1?,967,^3^- l?f3a^,78?- (b) Disbursements Disbursements for the year under review compare with the previous two years as follows: 1953 19^4 195^ Chargeable to Ordinary Account 11,486,281. 12,608,258. 12,7l6,508. Chargeable to Special Appropriation Mlsslssagl Salvage Project 1,654,781. 800,000. 178,810. 13a4l,062. 13.408,258. 12,895,318. - 2 - DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS DIVISION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE ANALYSIS OF CASH RECEIPTS FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31ST, 1935 GAME Licenses Trapping Non-Re sldent Hunting Deer Moose Groiind Hog Gun Dog Fur Dealers Fur Farmers Tanners Cold Storage Royalty Game FISHERIES Licenses Commercial Fishing Smelt Angling Royalty Commercial Fish GENERAL Licenses Guides Tourist Outfitters Fines Costs Collected Sales - Confiscated Articles, etc. Miscellaneous $ 53,37^.00 J'^53,643.H 36^,081.9^ 73,^60.00 21,17^.65 234,296.3^ 21,766.40 19, to. 10 2,865.00 40.00 465.00 $1,244,579.87 289.846.21 107,442.00 23,269.05 2.204.667.51 2,335,378.56 9»352.69 11,856.00 17,401.94 52,087.64 1,274.20 27,008.80 469.71 $1,534,426.08 2,344,731.25 100,098.29 $3,989,255.62 - 3 - DEPARTMENT OP DIVISION OP ANALYSIS OF CASH FOR YEAR KNDING DISTRICT CROWN DUES GROUND RENT FIRE TAX INterrst SCAT.KRS' WAGES MILL LICENSES ETC. Chapleau $ 332,329.81 $ 499.00 $ 6,387.20 $ 153.31 Cochrane 1,577,883.18 7,116.00 78,755.74 6,308.76 Fort Frances 290,033.45 1,174.60 14,228.83 142.71 Geraldton l,125i221.38 8,095.00 103,616.00 649.65 Gogama 276,171.30 876.00 13,724.80 129.17 Kapuskaslng 1,572,289.95 8,735.00 129,715.10 1,016.08 Kenora 557,669.79 6,611.00 84,525.30 290.21 Lindsay- 64,349.73 257.00 3,302.40 714.22 North Bay 881,202.34 3,076.00 39,372.80 462.13 Parry Sound 252,728.97 872.00 11,112.20 222.99 Pembroke 322,179.98 3,857.00 49,369.60 898.63 Port Arthur 1,279,935.81 11,984.00 164,821.60 897.32 Sault Ste. Marie ^33,3^5.30 13,812.86 101,768.54 1,185.49 Sioux Lookout 619,646.80 951.00 12,198.40 423.09 Sudbury 244,472.39 4,415.00 61,290.30 558.83 Swastika 280,297.64 599.00 27,562.00 1,089.17 Tweed 192,168.89 521.00 7,431.20 1,707.10 White River 528,605.74 2,568.00 36,771.20 25.30 Other Districts 3,581.32 798.90 10,834,113.77 76,019.46 945,953.21 17,673.06 Percentage of Total Timber Revenue 91.2^ ,64^ 7.97^ .15^ - 4 - LANDS AND FORESTS TIMBER MANAGEMENT RECEIPTS BY DISTRICTS MARCH 31ST, 1955 TOTAL TIMBER REVENUE CASH DErbSitS RECEIVED AND REi-'UNDED tOTAL TIMlBfeR REVENUE AND CASH DEPOSITS TOTAL TIMBER REVENUE Aim CASH DEPOSITS $ 339,369.32 $ 1,700.00 $ 341,069.32 2.86 1,670,063.68 29,527.40 (Or.) 1,640,536.28 13.75 305,579.59 2,400.00 307,979.59 2.58 1,237,582.03 - 1,237,582.03 10.38 290,901.27 1,800.00 (Cr.) 289,101.27 2.42 1,711,756.13 8,800.00 1,720,556.13 14.42 649,096.30 8,550.50 657,646.80 5.51 68,623.35 7,100.00 75,723.35 .70 92if,ll3.27 2,702.68 926,815.95 7.77 ,264,936.16 15,160.00 280,096.16 2.35 376,305.21 1,500.00 377,805.21 3.17 1,^57,638.73 7,028.43 1,464,667.16 12.28 550,112.19 12,315.81 562,428.00 4.71 633,219.29 - 633,219.29 5.31 310,736.52 700.00 311,436.52 2.61 309,547.81 20,221.12 329,768.93 2.76 201,828.19 3,132.42 (Cr.) 198,695.77 1.66 567,970.24 - 567,970.24 4.76 4,380.22 200.00 4,580.22 11,873,759.50 53,918.72 11,927,678.22 100.0056 100.00^ 100.0056 - 5 - DEPARTMENT OP STATEMENT OP RECEIPTS FOR YEAR ENDING RECEIPTS DIVISION OF ACCOUNTS Water Power Leases Provincial Land Tax Long Lac Diversion Sale of Maps, Casual Fees, etc. DIVISION OF AIR SERVICE Flying Fees DIVISION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE Licenses, Royalties and Sundry DIVISION OF FOREST PROTECTION Recovery of Fire Fighting Costs & Miscellaneous DIVISION OF LAND AND RECREATIONAL AREAS Land Sales Land Rentals (other than Parks) Leases and Licenses of Occupation Park Revenue Algonquin Rentals $17,474.13 Miscellaneous 2,265.32 $19,739.45 $1,539,686.19 644,960.82 16,800.00 30,660.01 Rondeau Renta Miscellaneous 4^746 Rentals 22,187.79 Quetico Rentals 104,35 Miscellaneous 2,250.00 Ipperwash Beach Rentals 3,056.00 Miscellaneous 4,157.00 26,928.23 2,354.35 7,213*00 Other Lands Division Receipts DIVISION OF REFORESTATION Sale of Nursery Trees 212,985.32 178,749.02 56,235.03 8,348.14 $2,232,107.02 16,724.19 3,989,255.62 46,487.37 Carried Forward 456,317.51 216,246.77 $6,957,138.48 - 6 - LANDS AND FORESTS AND DISBURSEMENTS MARCH 31ST, 1955 DISBURSEMENTS MAIN OFFICE Minister's Salary - Statutory $ 9,838.71 Salaries - Permanent euicl Temporary l,!^''!-, 113. 76 Travelling Expenses 5^,377.76 Maintenance and Operating 19,712.38 Damage and Other Claims, Sundry Contingencies, etc. 3,820.98 Compensation for Injured Workmen 63,277.51 C OS t-of -Living Bonus - Entire Department 353,520.80 Unemployment Insurance Stamps 1, 904.10 Annuities and Bonuses to Indistns 26,840.00 Advisory Committee to the Minister l,337»6l $1,678,743.61 FTF.T.D SERVICES BASIC ORGANIZATION - including District Offices Salaries 6,415,879-56 Travelling Expenses 470,851.01 Maintenance and Operating 2,068,780.38 8,955,510.95 EXTRA FIRE FIGHTING Salaries, etc. Maintenance & Operating 704,486.48 DIVISION OF AIR SERVICE Salaries 398,994.79 Travelling Expenses 15,471.91 Maintenance and Operating - Including . ^ 1 « purchase of aircraft 327.228.13 741,694.83 DIVISION OF RESEARCH Salaries, etc. Maintenance & Operating 284,510.46 DIVISION OF SURVEYS Aerial Surveys 21,8l9.6l Ground Surveys 157,^25.71 Lac Seul Storage Dam - control and Maintenance 373-90 179,819.22 Carried Forward $12,5^4,765.55 - 7 — RECEIPTS FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31st, 1955 Brought Forward $ 6,957,138.48 DIVISION OF SURVEYS Sundry Aerial Photographs 238.37 DIVISION OF TIMBER MANAGEMENT Crown Dues Ground Rent Fire Tax $ 10,834,113.77 76,019.46 945,953.21 Interest, Scalers' Wages, Mill Licenses, etc. 17,673.06 Ccuih Deposits (Net) HISSISSAGI SALVAGE PROJECT (See Contra) Proceeds of s€ae of fire-damaged timber Ordinary Capital TOTAL RECEIPTS ^ 11,873,759.50 53,918.72 '261,919.89 178.810>09 11,927,678.22 440.729.98 119,325,785.05 TREND OF TOTAL ANNUAL RECblPiS FOR THE TEN YEARS ENDING 31 MARCH 1955 INCLUDES FORMER CAME AND FISHERIES DEPARTMENT DOES NOT INCLUDE MISSISSACI SALVAGE PROJECT 24 21 < 18 1 ■ o Q lb U- o 12 CO :2 O 9 __j — » ^ 6 JPR. m I SAC s^JOOOOOO PART OF BAG EQUALS FRACTION TMCRCOF '■I II l> »l 1948 1 ^ "^^ ^ C23 1 r?:^ 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 ' 1953 1954 1955 ^A5I4.6I3 ♦lO,e63,&e$IO.«g2/»03^ll.63Si37 ^11.1*8.295 411, IS4.SI0 $14,791,540 $20,431,917 $18,104,270 $I8.««5.U- - S - DISBURSEMENTS FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31ST. 1955 Brought Forward $12,544,765.55 PUBLIC INFORMATION ON (l) FIRE PREVENTION. (2) FISH kKPOteTATlON AND (4) TIMBER ANT) WILLLIPE. (3) MANAGEMENT Salaries, etc.. Maintenance and Operating GRANTS Association of Ontario Land Surveyors $ 200.00 Canadian Forestry Association 6,500.00 Jack Miner Migratory Bird FoLindatlon Inc. 1,500.00 Thomas N. Jones 300.00 E. L. Marsh 100.00 Ontario Pur Breeders' Association Inc. 2,500.00 Ontario Federation of Commercial Fishermen 2,500.00 WOLF BOUNTY BEAR BOUNTY MIS3ISSAGI SALVAGE PROJECT (See Contra) Salvaging fire -damaged timber - Payments to contractors, and other incidental expenses TOTAL DISBURSEMENTS Excess of Receipts over Disbursements 107,849.78 13,600.00 38,703.00 11,590.00 178.810.09 $12,895,318.42 6.430s466.63 $19,325,785.05 TREND OF TOTAL ANNUAL DISBURSEMENTS FOR THE TEN YEARS ENDING 31 MARCH 1955 13 12 1 1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 I O INCLUDES FORMER CAME AND FISHERIES DEPARTMENT DOES NOT INCLUDE MISSISSACI SALVAGE PROJECT w. '■■ " '1^ JlL ■ ACHCOINa^SOO.OOe HkUT or COI N EQUALS ntACTiOM THcneor iEL Emn ■III I II I III I,,.. Ilii lIL ill-'^l lllll.li J III, I III Hi J ILJIi, i III J Ml l.i..liiili« ULLLUll I 1111,1111 I II' M :■! II:. :MI II' III llil,,Ml llU-Ji i||,,nli liliUji liiiiUiL UlhnllF III ml 111 iiiif IJ UI III.,, Ill iL U " '1'^ "■" 1946 1947 1948 1949 ^9 910957 1950 ^9 913521 1952 1953 1954 1955 I95i ^9040 796 ^I06«I.7I7 ^II4«&2SI ^l260a.2S« ^12 7iaS0« - 9 - 1)EPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS RESEARCH DIVISION ~ PROJECTS STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 3l3t, 1955 PROJECT Research Station, Maintenance and Operating and Sundry Projects Statistician - Salary and Expenses Soil Surveys Re^generatlon Surveys Wildlife Mechanical Research Forest Genetics Biology South Bay Fisheries Seed Production Pathology Deer Investigation Great Lakes Fisheries Net Direct Expenditure on Projects Main Office Administration $67,787.96 9,955.51 43,015.57 60,045.65 53,637.76 20,760.97 9,184.48 36,230.00 36,705.36 2,041.91 4,383.38 519.25 36.389.94 380,657.74 40,484.09 $421,141.83 DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURE Research - Field Services Main Office Basic Organization - Equipment and Improvements Main Office Projects District Office Establishments $284,510.46 40,484.09 30,664.84 519.25 64.963.19 $421,141.83 -10 - SECTION NO. 2 DIVISION of AIR SERVICE DIVISION OF AIR SERVICE GENERAL Insofar as the Division of Air Service Is concerned, the fiscal year 1954-55 was nonnal in every respect. There were no unusually large fires nor was there any enduring period in which a high hazard maintained for any length of time. The number of fires fought was not out of the ordinary nor was the damage arising therefrom. During the period we were able to more fully assess the performance of the three Otter aircraft acquired during the preceding fiscal year. We have found that a limited number of these large aircraft can be used to advantage and I refer particularly to the long trips made from Sioxix Look- out to the Hudson »s Bay coast on which it is frequently necessary to carry quite heavy loads of staff and equipment. This ship serves this particular purpose very well and on many occasions has avoided the necessity of flying two smaller aeroplanes to accomplish the same purpose. The aircraft has been relatively free from engineering modifications and gives every promise of being a very useful piece of equipment. Our Beaver fleet continued to give us fine outstanding service and I think I can say that the Department has never used an aeroplane that has been so versatile in its application as this particular type. Two helicopters were again leased during the period under review and again they performed very useful service. We find that they are especially well-suited to certain phases of our operations and each year we find some new use with it. I am personally of the opinion that there is still a lot to be done in the development of the helicopter and am not prepared to recommend that the Department go into their purchase at present because of the uncertainty of future development and complications of present operating procedures and difficulties associated therewith. - 1 - MAIN TENANCE. NEW CONSTRUCTION and EXPANSION ; No new construction was undertaken during the fiscal period under review but normal maintenance was performed where required. Painting and repairs were carried out to the end that the condition of our buildings and equipment was not permitted to deteriorate. It is hoped that the completion of our plan to add sanitary facilities to all our summer operating bases will be completed this year. The work at some points had been deferred because of the possibilities of changes while that at two or three other points had been deferred in order to obtain some engineering advice from the Department of Public Works. WINTER OPERATIONS Winter operations were conducted from Toronto, Algonquin Park, Sudbury, Sault Ste. Marie, Gogama, Chapleau, Geraldton, Port Arthur, Eva Lake, Kenora and Sioux Lookout. Again much of it had to do- with supervision of Fish and Wildlife activities but part of it was also associated with Timber Manage-, ment and the running of a Base Survey Line in the Patricia Country. ACCIDENTS I an very pleased to report there were no fatal accidents during the period under review. The following tables are submitted as supplementary to this Report; TABLE BASE Algonquin Park Carey Lake Caribou Lake Chapleau Eva Lake Fort Frances Geraldton Gogama Ignace Kenogami Kenora Oba Lake Orient Bay pays Plat Parry Sound Pickle Lake Port Arthur Red Lake Remi Lake Sault Ste. Marie Sioux Lookout South Porcupine Sudbury Temagaml Twin Lakes Toronto Photography Allocation of Aircraft 1934 - 53 REGISTRATION CF-ODC CP-OBY CD-OCT CF-ODB CF-OCU CP-OBV CF-ODG CF-OCB CP-OBU CF-OCD CF-OBW CP-OCP CF-OBS CP-OCV CP-OCO CP-OCL CF-OCS CP-OCR CP-OCX CF-OCQ CP-ODL CF-OBX CF-OCH CF-ODK CF-OCZ CF-OCC CP-OCA CF-ODP CF-OCE gr^i: CP-OCG CF-OCY CF-ODE CF-ODI CF-ODJ TYPE Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Otter Beaver Beaver Otter Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Dove Otter - 3 - TABLE lA Table 1 shows the original allocation of aircraft but the following a/C operated for periods at the Bases shown: BASE Chapleau Eva Lake Geraldton Gogaraa pays Plat Port Arthur Sault Ste. Marie Sioux Lookout South Porcupine Sudbury Temaganii Toronto REGISTRATION TYPE CF-OBY Beaver CF-OCC Beaver CF-ODA Beaver CF-OBX Beaver CF-OCH Beaver PF-OCK Beaver CF-OCK Beaver CF-OCB Beaver CP-ODG Beaver CF-OCR Beaver CF-ODN Beaver CF-OCU Beaver CF-OCJ Beaver CF-ODF Beaver CF-OBT Beaver CF-OCU Beaver CF-OCJ Beaver T A B L E 11 Transport Aircraft - Effective Loads Carried 1954-55 Aircraft Hours Flown Effective Loads BEAVER CF-OBS 512.45 416,902 lbs; 208 tons 902 lbs. CF-OBT 345.50 186,845 lbs; 93 tons 845 lbs. CP-OBU 295.05 123,716 lbs; 61 tons 1716 lbs. CF-OBV 389.15 270,155 lbs; 135 tons 155 lbs. CF-OBW 307.00 130,205 lbs; 65 tons 205 lbs. CF-OBX 401.00 308,790 lbs; 154 tons 790 lbs. CP-OBY 345.40 153,687 lbs ; 76 tons 1687 lbs. CP-OBZ 417.35 415,870 lbs; 207 tons 1870 lbs. - 4 - cont«d TABL E 11 cont'd. Aircraft Hours Flown Effective Loads BEAVER CF-OCA 206.35 127,770 lbs ; 63 tons 1770 lbs. CF-OCB 285.10 263,225 lbs ; 131 tons 1225 lbs. CF-OCC 473.00 311,994 lbs ; 155 tons 1994 lbs. CF-OCD 305.25 167,575 lbs ; 83 tons 1575 lbs. CF-OCE 254.45 202,575 lbs ; 101 tons 575 lbs. CF-OCG 240.50 193,215 lbs ; 96 tons 1215 lbs. CF-OCH 123.45 59>015 lbs ; 29 tons 1015 lbs. CF-OCJ 62.30 18,240 lbs ; 9 tons 240 lbs. CF-OCK 350.20 128,360 lbs ; 64 tons 360 lbs. CF-OCL 262.25 105,565 lbs ; 52 tons 1565 lbs. CF-OCN 365.55 244,550 lbs ; 122 tons 550 lbs. CF-OCO 250.45 211,055 lbs ; 105 tons 1055 IbSo CF-OCP 437.00 161,520 lbs ; 80 tons 1520 lbs. CF-OCQ 463.45 136,418 lbs ; 68 tons 4l8 lbs. CF-OCR 240.05 111,045 lbs ; 55 tons 1045 lbs. CF-OCS 276.15 138,715 lbs ; 69 tons 715 lbs. CF-OCT 248.00 64,210 lbs. ; 32 tons 210 lbs. CF-OCU 150.20 93,615 lbs ; 46 tons 1615 lbs. CF-OCV 264.30 87,520 lbs. ; 43 tons 1520 lbs. CP-OCX 203.15 86,535 lbs. ; 43 tons 535 lbs. CF-OCY 329.00 81,910 IbS; ; 40 tons 1910 lbs. CF-OCZ 284.00 151,620 IbS; 75 tons 1620 lbs. CP-ODA 260.20 163,170 lbs, 81 tons 1170 lbs. CF-ODB 498.55 329,150 lbs; 164 tons 1150 lbs. CF-ODC ^91.55 307,679 lbs J 153 tons 1679 lbs. CF-ODD 101.30 22,040 lbs J 11 tons 40 lbs. CF-ODE 67.50 10,760 lbs; 5 tons 760 lbs. CF-ODF 295.45 113,305 lbs; 56 tons 1305 lbs. CF-ODG 183.50 123,915 lbs; 61 tons 1915 lbs. CF-ODN 72.50 9,870 lbs; 4 tons 1870 lbs. DOVE CF-ODI 410.35 59,810 lbs; 29 tons 1810 lbs. - 5 - cont'd TABLE II cont'd. Aircraft Hours Flown Effective Loads OTTER CF-ODJ 279.00 67,370 lbs; 33 tons 1370 lbs. CF-ODK 396.35 225,690 lbs; 112 tons 1690 lbs. CF-ODL 237.40 272,465 lbs; Total Transport Section: - 136 tons 465 lbs. Total Flying Time, Hours: Total Loading, lbs. Total Loading, tons 12,388.30 6,857,641 3,428 tons, 1641 lbs TABLE III Hours Flown on Various Phases of Flying Operations Fire Ranging (Detection & Supression) Timber Management Fish & Wildlife Lands Commercial Flying Administration 1949-34 28,214.25 4,100.45 9,712.25 1,071.45 1,423.15 18,318.40 1954-55 5,095.05 1,047.45 2,361.50 246.05 397.55 3,239.50 TOTAL 33,309.30 5,148.30 12,074.15 1,317.50 1,821.10 21,558.30 62,841.15 12,388.30 75,229.45 Break-down of Administration Mercy Flights Tests (Radio & Aircraft) Ferrying & Instructions Research, Incl. Entomology and Dusting Forced Landings & Operations Transportation Ordinary Transportation Special Photography Surveys - 6 - 33.55 94.45 201.40 284.20 360.10 1,038.55 801.00 244.25 180.40 3,239.50 33.55 94.45 201.40 284.20 360.10 1,038.55 801.00 244.25 180.40 3,239.50 TABLE IV Passengers and Personnel Carried Passengers Carried Personnel Carried Total Passengers and Personnel Carried 310,858 118,265 429,123 1954-55 29,256 5,465 34,721 TOTAL 340,114 123,730 463,844 Effective Loads Flown, lbs; 90,485,737 Effective Loads Flown, Tons; 45,241 tons 3,737 lbs. 6,857,641 97,343,378 3,428 tons 1,641 lbs. 48,669 tons 5,378 lbs. TABLE V BASE Algonquin Park Caribou Lake Carey Lake Chapleau Eva Lake Fort Frances Geraldton Gogama Ignace Kenogami Kenora Lauzon Lake Ob a Lake Orient Bay Parry Sound Pays Plat Pickle Lake Port Arthur Red Lake Hours Flown At Bases 1954 - 55 HOURS FLOWN 466.05 196.25 298.30 501.15 459.50 384.10 375.55 592.35 306.30 310.45 658.55 316.30 503.30 261.45 246.20 300.50 262.55 388.10 190.50 - 7 - cont»d TABLE V cont'd. Hours Flown At Bases 195^ - 55 BASE HOURS FLOWN Remi Lake 458.55 Sault Ste. Marie 543.20 Sioux Lookout 702.30 South porcupine 355.20 Sudbury 399.45 Temagami 360.45 Toronto 844.00 Twin Lakes 226.40 White River 386.00 Photographic Operations 248.55 Air Service Operations, testing, ferrying etc. 840.55 12,388.30 TABLE VI Plying Time - Pilots Pilots 1924-54 1954-55 TOTAL Allen DW 567.45 242.15 810.00 Beaushene QD 774.20 267.00 1,041,20 Burton EC 3,680.40 270.10 3,950.50 Burtt AE 4,627.35 405.55 5,033.30 Buckworth WB 3,019.15 3,019.15 Calladine TJ 1,859.20 311.40 2,171.00 Canfield QS 1,054.45 399.35 1,454.20 Calver DR 319.30 326.45 646.15 Cartipbell GE 420.10 313.10 733.20 Golfer AP 1,364.40 389.00 1,753.40 Cooke '^C 3,200.25 381.05 3,581.30 Culliton jp 3,688.15 88.25 3,776.40 Denley JG 4,244.45 607.10 4,851.55 Dinnin AR 241.20 241.20 - 8 - cont'd.. TABLE VI cont'd. Flying Time - Pilots Pilots 1924-54 1954-55 TOTAL Evans FB 1,698.25 362.35 2,061.00 Fawcett TB 1,904.15 466.15 2,370.30 Hoar HA 1,194.25 247.35 1,442.00 Hoeberg PS 459.30 294.10 753.40 Hugill WA 142.00 251.05 393.05 Kincaid J 3,818.30 437.30 4,256.00 Kirk CJ 1,847.50 350.20 2,198.10 Lamont JA 866.35 514.50 1,381.25 Lanktree WJ 1,009.50 311.30 1,321.20 LeFeuvre CJ 5,363.25 459.40 5,823.05 MacDougall PA 4,508.35 39.40 4,548.15 Parsons R 5,400.45 245.55 5,646.40 Pons ford OE 999.15 100.05 1,099.20 Phillips GHR 10,370.50 491.55 10,862.45 Poulin LD 5,230.20 505.55 5,736.15 Reid DM 2,640.55 261.20 2,902.15 Siegel J 2,794.55 206.00 3,000.55 Stone RWE 2,194.45 317.40 2,512.25 Speight HC 3,636.55 421.00 4,057.55 Smith AB 4,426.15 425.30 4,851.45 Thompson PJ 189.40 374.15 563.55 Taylor JM 3,028.00 48.20 3,076.20 Truss ler GE 5,376.00 •^:^' "^ 215.35 5,591.35 Thomas E 1,038.30 477.45 1,516.15 Other Pilots 139,169.05 318.35 139,487.40 238,130.55 12,388.30 250,519.25 - 9 - TABLE VII A/C Beaver CF-OBS CF-OBT CF-OBU CP-OBV CF-OBW CP-OBX CF-OBY CF-OBZ CF-OCA CF-OCB CF-OCC CF-OCD CF-OCE CF-OCG CP-OCH CF-OCJ CF-OCK CF-OCL CP-OCN CF-OCO CF-OCP CF-OCQ CF-OCR CF-OCS CP-OCT CP-OCU CF-OCV CP-OCX CP-OCY CF-OCZ CF-ODA Flying Time - Aircraft 1924-54 1954-55 2,592.40 1,774.10 2,042.15 1,878.20 1,995.25 1,682.15 1,903.35 1,759.50 1,508.50 1,916.30 1,735.35 1,317.35 2,056.30 1,480.55 1,743.10 1,577.00 1,626.10 1,730.30 1,646.35 1,167.25 1,202.25 1,909.10 1,550.00 1,901.20 1,288.20 1,694.45 1,130.10 1,069.15 917.35 728.20 887.50 - 10 - TOTAL 512.45 3,105.25 3^5.50 2,120.00 295.05 2,337.20 389.15 2,267.35 307.00 2,302.25 401.00 2,083.15 345.40 2,249.15 417.35 2,177.25 206.35 1,715.25 285.10 2,201.40 473.00 2,208.35 305.25 1,623.00 254.45 2,311.15 240.50 1,721.45 123.45 1,866.55 62.30 1,639.30 350.20 1,976.30 262.25 1,992.55 365.55 2,012.30 250.45 1,418.10 437.00 1,639.25 463.45 2,372.55 240.05 1,790.05 276.15 2,177.35 248.00 1,536.20 150.20 1,845.05 264.30 1,394.40 203.15 1,272.30 329.00 1,246.35 284.00 1,012.20 260.20 1,148.10 cont'd TABLE VII cont'd. Plying Time - Aircraft A/C 1924-34 1954-55 TOTAL Beaver CF-ODB 1,106.00 CP-ODC 1,066.15 CP-ODD 290.25 CP-ODE 385.55 CP-ODP 808.40 CP-ODG 680.45 CP-ODN Dove CP-ODI 222.55 410.35 633-30 Otter CP-ODJ CP-ODK CP-ODL 498.55 1,604.55 491.55 1,558.10 101.30 391.55 67.50 453.45 295.45 1,104.25 183.50 864.35 72.50 72.50 259.55 279.00 538.55 334.45 396.35 731.20 218.35 237.40 456.15 182,401.15 182 ,401.15 237,189.50 12,388.30 249,578.20 - 11 - MERCY AND EMERGENCY FLIGHTS 195^-35 DATE AIRCRAFT PILOT JOURNEY TIME REASON 1 May 23/54 CF-OBY D. R. Calver May 18/54 CF-ODC June 27 and June 28/54 CP-ODB July 22/54 CF-ODC Carey Lake to Government Lake to Carey Lake G.H.R. Phillips Portal Lake to North Tea Lake to Vernon Lake to Portal Lake 1:45 Man serious! injured by bear. 1:15 Man serious! ill xvith ruptured appendix. June 10/54 CP-OCB J.G. Denley June 11/54 CF-OCQ E. Thomas June 12/54 CF-OCH R. Parsons June 26/54 CF-OBS J.A.Lamont Sept. 3 and CF-OBX Sept. 4/54 L.D. Poulin July 13/54 CF-OCC T.B.Fawcett July 22/54 CF-OCL D.M. Reid Gogama to Sudbury 90 miles Tatnall Lake to 1:00 Kapuskasing via Goat Lake Sault to Toronto 5:20 to Sault Wabatongush Lake to 1:10 Chapleau to Wabatongush Lake Chapleau to Toronto to Chapleau 6:45 Eva Lake to Bell Lake 1:30 to Ely, Minnesota to Eva Lake Parry Sound to Dorset Black Lake to Parry Sound G.H.R. Phillips Smoke Lake to Radiant Lake to Source Lake July 26/54 CF-ODB L.D. Poulin Aug. 23/54 CF-OCO G.E. Campbell Aug. 24/54 CP-OBT A.B. Smith J.G. Denley Bisco to Peter* s Lake to Chapleau Specticle Lake to Walker Lake to Specticle Lake Sudbury to McGregor Bay to Sudbury Trout River to Gogama to Sudbury to Gogama - 12 - Maternity flown to Sudbury . Seriously i girl flown hospital. Man critica ill flown t hospital. Partially drowned man flown to hospital. Seriously i man flown t hospital. Boy Scout w severed art flown to hospital. 2 : 15 Drowning Accident. :50 Boy Scout seriously h flown to hospital. :45 Seriously 1 man flown t hospital. :20 Two persons' believed Ic flown out 0. bush. :55 Man with severe hear condition flown to hospital. 2:00 Injured B05 Scout flowr Hospital, cont'd. . , MERCY AND EMERGENCY i-'LIGHTS 1954-55 cont«d. 1 )ATE AIRCRAFT PILOT JOURNEY TIME REASON Sept. 6 and Sept. 7/54 CF-OBX J.G. , Denley Gogama to Sudbury to Gogama 1:40 Seriously 1'. baby flown \ hospital. 5ept. 13/54 CF-OCN F.B. Evans Lauzon to Deagle to Lauzon :30 Injured man flown to hospital. ;ept. 16/54 CF-OCL D.M. Reid Parry Sound to San Soucle to parry Sound :20 Injured man flown to hospital. ;ept. 16/54 CF-OCV G.D. Beaushene Orient Bay to Paul Island to Port Arthur to Orient Bay 1:55 Severely burned men flown to hospital. ; apt. 14/54 CF-ODI R, Reynolds Toronto to Kapuskasing to Sudbury to Toronto 5:45 Serum flown to hospital. ept. 29/54 CF-OCL D.M. Reid Parry Sound to Toronto to Parry Sound 2:30 Seriously i] child flown to hospital. ►ct.ll and >ct. 12/54 CF-OCD R.W. E.Stone Kenog^mi L, to Clarice Lake to Gull Island to Kenogami 2:05 Hunting Accident. ct. 13/54 CF-OBX J.G. Denley Gogama to Sudbury to Gogama 1:45 Seriously burned womar flown to hospital. ct. 27/54 & ct.28 CF-OCR T.J. Calladine Sault to wawa to Sault 2:40 Drowning Accident. ec. 26/54 CF-ODB L.D. Poulin Chapleau to Foleyet to Chapleau 1:00 Seriously i] woman flown to hospital. an. 10/55 CF-OCK A.E. Burtt Port Arthur to Gull Bay to Port Arthur 1:45 Epidemic among Indiar an. 13/55 CF-OBX J.G. Denley Gogama to Reserve to Gogama to Reserve to Gogama :55 Nurse flown to Reserve t look after sick infant. ar. 24/55 CF-OBX J.G. Denley Gogama to Reserve to Gogama :25 Pneumonia case. ar. 26/55 CF-OBX J.G. Denley Gogama to Reserve to Gogama :30 Nurse flown Reserve to take care of seriously il man. - 13 - SECTION NO. 2 DIVISION of FISH and WILDLIFE DIVISION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE WILDLIFE SECTION Open Seasons The following open seasons were established by regulation - Deer (a) October 1st to November 25th: North of the northernmost east-west line of the Canadian National Railway from the Quebec boundary to the Manitoba boundary and south of the southern boundary of the "Hinterland Area". (b) October 15th to November 25th: South of (a) and north of a line following the road from the Quebec boundary westerly along the south boundaries of Brethour and Hllllard townships to Highway No. 11, north- westerly and northerly along Highway No. 11 to Its Junction with the Englehart-Westree road, westerly along the last mentioned road to the line of the Canadian National Railway at V/estree, southeasterly along the Canadian National Railway to the east boundary of Blewett Township, southerly along the east boundaries of Blewett, Shelley, Onaplng, Falrbalrn, Emo, Munster, Hess and Cartler Townships to the southeast angle of Cartier Township, westerly to the northeast angle of Township 125* southerly to southeast angle of Township 125, westerly to Little White River at the south boundary of Township I69, northerly along the Little White River, Distant Lake, Klndiogaml River, Klndlogaml Lake and the east boundaries of Townships 3C and 4C to the south boundary of Township 5C, westerly to the southwest angle of Township 5P, northerly to the northeast angle of Township 7G, and westerly to the southwest angle of Township 28, Range 15# and its production westerly to Lake Superior, excepting therefrom: (1) The District of Rainy River; and (2) That part of the District of Thunder Bay lying south of the main transcontinental line of the Canadian National Railway from Fowler Station east to the easte^'ly boundary of the Township of Nakina. (c) October 23rd to November 13th: That part of the District of Thunder Bay lying south of the main transcontinental line of the - 1 - Canadian National Railway from Fowler Station east to the easterly boundary of the Township of Naklna. (d) November 1st to November 25th: The District of Rainy River and the area south of (b) and north of the French and Mattawa Rivers, the north shore of Georgian Bay, the north shore of the North Channel, and Including Cockburn, Great Cloche, Little Cloche, and Phillip Edward Islands, and the Islands in McGregor Bay and Bay of Islands. (e) November 15th to November 25th: St. Joseph Island, Manltoulin Island, and the other islands in Manltoulin district except those referred to in (d), (f ) November 8th to November 20th: The District of Parry Sound; the District of Muskoka (except the townships of Medora and Wood); that part of the District of Niplssing lying south of the northerly boundary of the Township of West Ferris and the Mattawa River; the counties of Haliburton, Lanark and Renfrew; the Township of Rama in the County of Ontairlo; the townships of Dalton, Longford and Somervllle, and the Township of Dlgby (except concessions 1 and 2) in the County of Victoria; those parts of the counties of Peterboroxigh, Hastings and Lennox and Addlngton lying north of No, 7 Highway; and those parts of the County of Frontenac and the Township of North Crosby in the County of Leeds lying north of No, 7 Highway from the west boundary of the Township of Kennebec, in the County of Frontenac, easterly to the Frontenac County road between concessions 2 and 3, Township of Alden, thence southerly along this county road through Mountain Grove and along the west side of Eagle Lake to No. 38 Highway at Parham, thence easterly along No. 38 Highway to the Mass Road at a point between Pairham and Tlchborne, thence southerly, easterly and northerly along the Mass Road around the south shore of Bob's Lake to the county road at Fermoy, thence easterly along this county road through Westport in the County of Leeds to the north shore of the Upper Rldeau Lake, thence easterly along the north shore of the Upper Rldeau Lake to the east boundary of the Township of North Crosby in the County of Leeds, - 2 - Excepting therefrom those portions of the District of Nlplsslng and the County of Hallburton which comprise Algonquin Park. (g) November 8th to November 13th: That part of the County of Carleton lying west of the Rideau River. (h) November 10th to November 13th: (1) Those parts of the counties of Peterborough, Hastings and Lennox and Addlngton, lying south of No. 7 Highway, and that part of the County of Prontenac lying south of the line defined in (f). (2) (1) The counties of Dundas, Glengarry, Grenville, Prescott, Russell and Stormont; (U) That part of the County of Carleton lying east of the Rideau River; and (Hi) The County of Leeds (except that pgirt of the Township of North Crosby lying north of the line defined in (f)). Only shotguns may be used during this open season in the areas specified in subclause (2) of the preceding clause (h). Moose Schedule 1: South of the southern boundary of the "Hinterland Area" and north of the northernmost east-west line of the Canadian National Railway, easterly from the Ontario-Manitoba boundary to the Little Jackfish River, southerly along the Little Jackfish River and the easterly shore of Lake Nlpigon to Macdlarmid, easterly to Highway 11 and easterly along Highway 11 to the Nagagami River, northerly along that river to the line of the Canadian National Railway and easterly along that railway to the Ontario-Quebec boundary: Except: That portion of the District of Kenora lying north of the northernmost east-west line of the Canadian National Rsillway between Canyon Lake and the 6th meridian line; east of Canyon Lake, Canyon River, Wabigoon River, Ball Lake, Tide Lake, and Maynard Lake, and their connecting waters and the connecting waters between Maynard Lake and Oak - 3 - Lake to the 7th Base Line, the 7th Base Line easterly to Highway 105 (Red Lake Road), Highway 105, northwesterly to the south boundary of Heyson Township, westerly to the south-west angle of Balrd Township, and northerly to the 9th Base Line; south of the 9th Base Line easterly to the 6th meridian line; and west of the 6th meridian line southerly to the line of the Canadian National Railway. (a) October 1st to October 15th; Bulls only— resident and non-resident hunters. (b) November 26th to December 24th; Any moose— resident hunters only. Schedule 2: South of the northernmost east-west line of the Canadian National Railway easterly from the Ontario-Manitoba boundary to the 4th meridian line; west of the 4th meridian line southerly to the base line STirveyed In I893 by A. Nlven, O.L.S.; north of that base line westerly to the meridian line surveyed In 1927 by Speight and Van Nostrand, O.L.S.; west of that meridian line southerly to the south boundary of Kenora District; north of that south boundary westerly to the Ontario-Manitoba boundary; and east of that boundary northerly to the line of the Canadian National Railway; and Including the area comprising the exception defined In Schedule 1. (a) October 15th to October 30th; and (b) November 26th to December 24th; Any moose— resident hunters only. Schedule 3: (1) South of the northernmost east-west line of the Canadian National Railway easterly from the 4th meridian line to the west boundary of Nlplgon Provincial Forest; west of that boundary southerly and its production southerly to the base line surveyed in 1921 by Phillips and Benner, O.L.S.; north of that base line westerly, and continuing westerly along the south boundary of Grand Trunk Pacific Railway land grant. Block 4, surveyed in I907 by Thomas Fawcett, O.L.S., to the line of the Canadian National Railway, that line of railway northwesterly to the first - 4 - Intersection with the west boundetry of Thunder Bay District, that boiindary southerly to the south boundary of Kenora District, that boundary westerly to the meridian line surveyed In 1927 by Speight and Van Nostrand, O.L.S., and north, esist and north along the east boundary of Schedule 2 to the Junction of the 4th meridian line and the line of the Canadian National Railway, (2) Easterly along Highway 17 from Nlplgon River to Highway 11, northerly along Highway 11 to Macdlarmld, along the southern boundary of Schedule 1 easterly from Macdlarmld to the Ontario-Quebec boundary; south along that boundary to the north boundary of Temlskamlng District, west along that boundary to the north-west angle of Black Township, south to the Elk Lake-Westree Road where It Intersects the west boundaury of James Township; west along that road to Its Intersection In Westree with the line of the Canadian National Railway, south-east along that line of railway to its Intersection with the south boundary of Lampman Township, west to the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway where It Intersects the south bound2U7y of Township No. 7* northwesterly along that line to the west boundsiry of Sudbury District, southerly along that boundary to the south boundary of Range 23* westerly along that boundary to the shore of Lake Superior (Mlchlplcoten Harbour); northwesterly along the south boundaries of Algoma and Thunder Bay Districts to the Nlplgon River and northerly along that river to the point of commencement. (a) October 15th to October 30th; Bulls only— resident and non-resident hunters. (b) November 26th to December 24th; Any moose— resident hunters only. Schedule 4: South of the northernmost east-west line of the Canadian National Railway easterly from the west boundairy of the Nlplgon Provincial Forest to the Little Jackflsh River, southerly along that river and the east shore of Lake Nlplgon to Kacdlarmld, east to Highway 11, south along Highway 11 to Highway 17* west along Highway 17 to the Nlplgon River - 5 - and south along the Nlplgon River to the south boundary of Thtinder Bay- District; southwesterly along that south boundary to the west boundary of Thunder Bay District; northerly along that west boimdary to Its Intersection with the second right-of-way of the Canadian National Railway, south-easterly along that right-of-way to Its Intersection with the south boundary of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway land grant Block 4, easterly along that south boundary surveyed In I907 by Thomas Fawcett, O.L.S,, and continuing east along the base line surveyed In 1921 by Phillips and Benner, O.L.S., to the production southerly of the west boundary of the Nlplgon Provincial Forest, and northerly along that production and that west boundary to the point of commencement, November 26th to December 15th; Bulls only— resident hunters only. Schedule 5: South of the south boundary of Schedule 3 (2) from the Ontario-Quebec Boundary easterly to the shore of Lake Superior (Mchlplcoten Harbour); southerly along that shore to the south boundary of Range 15; easterly along that south boundary to the north-west angle of Township 7F, southerly to the south-west angle of Township 5F, easterly to the north-west angle of Township 4b, southerly to the north shore of Klndlogaml Lake where It Intersects the west boundary of Township 3B, southerly along Klndlogaml Lake, Klndlogaml River, Distant Lake and Little White River to the south boundairy of Township I68, easterly to the north-west angle of Township 138, southerly to Serpent Lake where It Intersects the west boundary of Shedden Township, easterly along Serpent Lake to the east boundary of the Serpent River Indian Reserve, southerly along that boundary to Highway 17, easterly along Highway 17 and Highway 63 through North Bay to the north shore of Trout Lake, easterly along that shore. Talon Lake and connecting waters to the Mattawa River, easterly along that river to the Ontario-Quebec boundary; and northerly along that boundary to the point of commencement. November 26th to December llth; Bulls only— resident hunters only. - 6 - Upland Game Birds and Small Game Animals Hungarian Partridge: September 15th to November 20th, Bag Limit - 8 per day; Possession Limit - 16. See Schedule 1. September l8th to November 20th. Bag Limit - 8 per day; Possession Limit - 16. See Schedule 3. October 2nd to October 30th. Bag Limit - 8 per day; Possession Limit - 16. See Schedule k and Schedule 5. Grouse and Spruce Partridge: October 2nd to 11th and November 8th to 20th. Bag Limit - 5 per day. Possession Limit - 15. See Schedule 1, Schedule 2 and Schedule 4. November 1st to November 6th. Bag Limit - 3 per day* Possession Limit - 15. See Schedule 5. Ptarmigan: September 1st, 195^* to March 31st, 1955. Bag Limit - 5 per day. Possession Limit - 15. See Schedule 1, Schedule 2, Schedule 4 and Schedule 5. ♦Pheasants: 1. Pelee Island: October 27th and 28th: 8.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m Possession Limit - 9 cocks and 5 hens. 2. (a) East Whitby, Pickering and Whitby townships (Ontario County); and (b) Markham and Whitchurch Townships (York County): October 29th and 30th: 8.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. Bag Limit - 3 per day (cocks only). 3. Brant, Hal ton, Huron, Oxford, Waterloo, Wellington and Wentworth counties: October 27th, 29th and 30th: 8.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. Bag Limit - 3 per day (cocks only). 4. The remainder of Ontario, not described in 1, 2 and 3: October 27th to October 30th, Inclusive: 8.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. Bag Limit - 3 per day (cocks only). Squirrel: (Black, Gray and Pox) November 1st - November 6th. Bag Limit - 5 per day. Possession Limit - 10 at any one time. ♦Fox: August 15th, 1954 to August 15th, 1955. Raccoon: October 1st, 1954 to February l8th, 1955. - 7 - ♦Rabbits: (1) November 1st, 195^> to January 31st, 1955 - Coimtles of Essex and Kent. Non-resident licences not valid In this area for rabbit. (2) November 1st, 195^ to February 28th, 1955 (a) In the counties of Elgin, Haldlmand, Lambton, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Peel, Welland and York, (b) The townships of East Whitby, Whitby and Pickering (Ontario County); Ad Jala, Tecumseth and West Qwllllmbury (Slmcoe County); and Darlington and Clarke (Durham County). (3) October 27th and October 29th, 195^ - February 28th, 1955 - (a) in the counties of Brant, Hal ton, Oxford and Wentworth. (b) The townships of Hay, Stanley and Stephen (Huron County); Wllmot (Waterloo County) and Pusllnch (Wellington County). (4) September 1st, 195^ to August 31st, 1955 - In other parts of Ontario. Bag Limit - cottontails 6 per day. Schedule 1: North of the northernmost east-west line of the Canadian National Railway from the Quebec boundary to the Manitoba boundary. Schedule 2: All of Ontario not described In Schedule 1; Except: That portion lying south and west of a line drawn east from Georgian Bay along the north boundary of Muskoka District to Highway No. 69; thence south along Highway No. 69 and Highway No. 12 to the south boundary of Reach Township (Ontario County); thence east along the south boiindarles of Reach Township, and Cartwrlght and Manvers townships (Durham County); thence south along the east boundary of Clarke Township (Durham County) to Lake Ontario. Schedule 3: That part of Ontario described In Schedule 2; Except: That part of Thunder Bay District south of the northernmost east- west line of the Canadian National Railway. Schediile 4: (1) Bruce, Dufferln, Grey, Huron, Perth, Waterloo and Wellington counties; (II) Slmcoe County, except Ad Jala, Tecumseth and West Gwllllmbury townships and that part of Orlllla Township east of Highway No. 69. (III) Muskoka District (part) west of Highway No. 69; and - 8 - (Iv) Ontario County; except :- (a) East Whitby, Pickering and Whitby townships; and (b) That part lying east of Highway No. 69 and Highway No. 12 south from the west boundary of Rama Township to the south boundary of Reach Township: Schedule 5: (l) Brant, Elgin, Essex, Haldlmand, Hal ton, Kent, Lambton, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Oxford, Peel, Welland, Wentworth and York counties; (II) Ad Jala, Tecumseth and West GrWllllrabury townships (Slmcoe County); (III) East Whitby, Pickering and Whitby townships (Ontario County) and (Iv) Clarke and Darlington townships (Durham County). ♦Special Township Hunting Licences are required to authorize the hunting of pheasants, rabbits and foxes In specified townships In the counties of Brant, Durham, Elgin, Essex, Haldlmand, Hal ton, Huron, Kent, Lambton, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Ontario, Oxford, Peel, Prince Edward, Slmcoe, Waterloo, Welland, Wellington, Wentworth and York. Special licences obtainable only through local Departmental Offices are required In order to hunt raccoon at night with hounds. Pur Beaver: (By quota only) November 1st, 195^ to May 21st, 1955. In that part of Ontario lying north and west of the French and Mattawa Rivers. 2. November 15th, 195^ to April 30th, 1955. In that part of Ontario lying south of the French and Mattawa Rivers. Fisher and Marten: (On registered trapllnes and by quota only). November 1st, 1954 to January 21st, 1955. In all parts of Ontario. Fox: August 15th, 1954 to August 15th, 1955. In all parts of Ontario. Lynx: (On registered trapllnes and by quota only) November 1st, 1954 to February 28th, 1955. In all parts of Ontario. Mink: 1. November 1st, 1954 to February 28th, 1955. (a) North of the northernmost transcontinental railway line. (b) In the counties of Elgin, Essex, Haldlmand, Kent, Lambton and Norfolk on registered trapllnes only. - 9 - 2. November 1st, 195^ to January 21st, 1955. South of the northernmost transcontinental railway line. Raccoon: October 1st, 1954 to February 28th, 1955. In all parts of Ontario . Otter: November 1st, 1954 to April 30th, 1955. In all parts of Ontario except In the counties of Brant, Dufferln, Elgin, Essex, Grey, Haldimand, Hal ton, Huron, Kent, Lambton, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Ontario, Oxford, Peel, Perth, Slmcoe, Waterloo, Welland, Wellington, Wentworth, York, and In the townships of Arran, Brant, Bruce, Carrlck, Culross, Elderslle, Greenock, Huron, Kincardine, Kinross, and Saugeen in the county of Bruce, where there is NO OPEN SEASON. Muskrat: 1. November 1st, 1954 to May 31st, 1955. North of the northernmost transcontinental railway line. 2. November 1st, 1954 to May 21st, 1955. In the remainder of the province north of the French and I^Iattawa Rivers. 3. March 1st, 1954 to April 21st, 1955. In the counties of Brant, Bruce, Carleton, Dufferln, Dundas, Durham, Elgin, Essex, Glengarry, Grenvllle, Grey, Haldimand, Hal ton, Huron, Kent, Lambton, Leeds, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Northumberland, Ontario, Oxford, Peel, Perth, Peterborough, Prescott, Prince Edward, Russell, Slmcoe, Stormont, Victoria, Waterloo, Welland, Wellington, Wentworth, and York, and in those parts of the counties of Frontenac, Hastings, Lanark, and Lennox and Addington, lying southerly and easterly of Highway No. 7, Highway No. 15 between Perth and Carleton Place, and Highway No. 29 from Carleton Place to where it intersects the boundary between the counties of Lanark and Carleton, 4. March 15th, 1954 to May 5th, 1955. In the districts of Muskoka and Parry Sound, in that part of the district of Nipissing lying south of Trout Lake and the Mattawa River, in the county of Renfrew and the Provisional County of Hallburton, and in those - 10 - pai-ts of the counties of Frontenac, Hastings, Lanark, and Lennox and Addington lying northerly and westerly of Highway No, 7, Highway No. 15 between Perth and Carleton Place, and Highway No. 29 from Carleton Place to where it intersects the boundary between the counties of Lanark and Carleton. NOTE: On all registered traplines the muskrat season opens on November 1st and extends to the closing date given above for the region in which the trapline is located. All trapping of Beaver, Fisher, Lynx, and Marten is on a quota basis only, set by the Department. Quotas are set for Fisher, Lynx, and Marten for registered traplines only. All Beaver, Fisher, Lynx, Marten, Mink, and Otter are to be sealed by a Department Officer before being sold by the trapper. Migratory Birds Duck hunters in Ontario were allowed a daily bag limit of eight ducks during the 195^ hunting season. This bag limit does not include mergansers, and may include not more than one woodduck. Five geese, twenty- five rails, coots and gallinules (in the aggregate), eight Wilson* s snipe and eight vjoodcock may also be taken each day in this Province, and the possession limit for all is 2 days* bag. Open seasons will be as follows: (all dates inclusive) Ducks, Geese, Rails, Coots, Gallinules, V/oodcock, Wilson* s Snipe in the Northern District, September 15th to December 15th; in the central district, September l8th to December 15th; in the southern district, October 2nd to December 15th (except that in Essex County the open season for geese is from October 2nd to December 31st inclusive). The Northern District of Ontario comprises that part of the Province lying north of a line described as follows: Commencing at the point where the right of way of the Canadian National Railways intersects the east boundary of the Province near Goodwin Station; thence westerly along the - 11 - said right of way of the Canadian National Railways through Cochrane, Kapuskaslng, Hearst and Sloiix Lookout to the Intersection of the said right of way with the west boundary of the Province near White Station. The Southern District of Ontario comprises: those p8u:'ts of Muskoka District and Slmcoe County lying west of Highway 69; In Ontario County, those parts of the townships of Rama, Mara, Thorah, Brock, and Reach lying west of Highways 69 and 12, and the townships of Scott, Uxbrldge, Pickering, Whitby, and East Whitby; In Durham County, the townships of Darlington and Clarke; and the counties of Brant, Bruce, Dufferln, Elgin, Essex, Grey, Haldlmand, Halton, Huron, Kent, Lambton, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Oxford, Peel, Perth, Waterloo, Welland, Wellington, Wentworth and York. The Central District of Ontario comprises all that part of the Province which Is not Included In the Northern District or the Southern District. I - 12 - ANNUAL REPORT BIG GAME AND FUR MANAGEMENT YEAR 195^55 G GME MANAGEMENT. .oose* The moose inventory first started in 19^8 was improved in some Forest Istricts vith the inclusion of aerial surveys ceurried out from the Department *s eaver aircraft. The results of this inventory are summarized in Table 1 and indi- ate a further small increase in the moose population* ghedule of Seasons* The inventory and other factual information collected by the field staff Q the Districts indicated that it would be possible to liberalize moose hunting egulations in many parts of Ontario in 195^* Accordingly changes were made with aspect to the length of the season, to new areas open, to an extension cfthe area pen to non-residents, and to the shooting of cows and calves* There was a considerable increase in the number of moose licences sold a 195**- as the following figuires show: 1952 1953 195^ Resident 3620 5196 7502 Non-resident 0 637 735 TOTAL 3620 5833 8237 The distribution of hunting pressure was still poor although progress was ade particularly in the Kenora District in spreading out hunter concentrations* able 2 gives the figures of licences sold, returns made by the hunters, and hunter access calculated from the returns from sixteen Forest Districts concerned with the 00 se hunt. - 13 - TABLE 1. ONTABIO MnnSE POPDLAIIOH ESTIMATES, 19$^^ Chapleau Cochrane Fort Frances Geraldton Gogama Kapuskaslng Kenora Lindsay North Bay Parry Sound Patricia Central Patricia East Patricia West Pembroke Port Arthur Sault Ste* Marie Sioux Lookout Sudbury Swastika Tweed White River TOTALS 8 i??3 1200 Mile /Moose 5.^ 1853 2.7 392 19.0 2957 3-1 1610 H..0 320»+ 3.2 19^6 5.6 86 63«0 m-00 h.2 187 37.0 6127 16.0 3500 22.0 77*^5 5.9 ^75 13.0 3399 5.0 13^5 7.1 1135 h.2 950 n.o 1000 5*5 90 80.0 1350 5.2 U-l.9^-9 8.6 1??* Mlle/Hoose Iit89 h.h 23^8 2.1 368 19.9 28¥^ 3.2 1690 3.7 32if9 3.1 2221 ^.9 118 »t5.6 900* 6.5 285 2»t.l 719^ 13.8 2861 26.7 6950 6.5 582 9.7 2908* 5.9 1878 5.1 1185 3.9 92lf* 11.0 1000 5.5 116 62.3 1350 5.2 V2,l*-60 8.5 ■irt Hot a decrease. Bevlslon based on more accurate information. - 14 - tABLE 2. ANALYSIS OF MOOSE LICENCES SOLD^ REIURKS MADE, AM) HUNTERS* SUCCESS, 195^« RESIDENT NON-RESIDENT ji. strict Licences Issued Returns Made Hunters* Success Licences Issued Returns Made Hunters* Success :hapleau 27^ 265 20.2^ 36 36 28.6^ 'ochrane 122lf 868 2^-.ljg 62 55 62.95^ ''ort Frances 107 0* 0 0 0 0 }eraldton 685 377 hX.1% 39 29 75.95^ rogama 2h7 Uh 2l*% 20 16 50.05^ ^apuskasing 933 698 29.pjg 69 53 66*0$^ Cenora 53if 591* 53.3^ 23^ 205 53.7J^ Jorth Bay 307 202 2^.2Jg 0 0 0 ^atricia Central 0 25* "^M 0 2* lOO.OJg ^atricia West 0 312* 50.05^ 0 289* 63.0^ ^ort Arthur BhO 820 21.3/^ 36 23 65.2^ iault Ste. Marie 129 106 20.7jg 0 0 0 lioux Lookout ZG^ 306 "^.0$ 191 2 0 ludbury 573 353 '^.0$ 7 1 lOO.Ojg Swastika 792 IfOO 19.5^ 19 2 0 fhite River 386 ■L(h 23.2^ 25 ■^ 9^.o^ OTALS: 7395^ 55^1 738 727 k Hunters returns were made to the Districts where they hunted and not necessarily to the District where the licence was bought* Hf This figure does not include complimentary licences « - 15 - The number of sportsmen cooperating in reporting on the success of their hunt improved this year when 11% returned the questionnaires. The important study of the age of moose shot was continued but the collection of Jaws upon which the project depended was disappointing. Only H-93 jaws were received from over 2000 moose known to have been killed* The results of this study are summarized in Table TABLE 3. AGE DISTRIBUTION OF MOOSE SHOT IN 195^-> Northern Region Central Region Years of Age Number % Numb Calf \ 1% 8 li 19 15% 22 2i 29 23% 2J^ 3i 23 1Q% 21 ^ 15 12% 2H 5i- 6^ 10 Z% 8 ^ " ^ 13 10% Ih 8i - lOi- 7 6% 9 10^ 15i- \ 3% 6 15^ or over 1 1% 8 Mid-Western Region Number % Western Region Number 6% n ^% 17 19% 15% 17 13^ m- ie% 17% 33 2h% 12 1^ 15% 18 13^ 12 ik% 17% 19 1\% 13 15% e% 10 7% 3 3% 10% 13 IQ^ 5 e% ^% 10 7% 3 3% h% h 3% 6 7% ^% 1 1% 3 3% 125 Ikh 136 88 The study of moose reproductive rates was also hampered by the receipt of only 66 genital tracts, some of which were incomplete. Table h summarizes the moose kill by resident and non-resident hunters for each District, the yield per 100 square miles and the percentage of the estimat population which was removed. The 195^ season was the first in which the killing of cow and calf moose was permitted in an extended area south of the Canadian National Railway tracks. I will be seen from these figures that the kill was very light in most Districts and was not excessive anywhere. - 16 - TABLE k. MOOSE HARVEST STATISTICS FOR 195^. % of District Bulls Cows Calves Unspeci- Total Yield Estimated fled Per 100 Population Sq» Mi. Harvested Chapleau Res: Non-Res: i 6 9 0 3 0 0 0 } Cochrane Res: Non-Res: 161+ 3^ 2h 0 u 0 0 0 IGeraldton I Res: ^ Non-Res: 126 22 22 0 17 0 0 0 ifiGogama Res: Non-Res: 59 10 12 0 2 0 0 0 iKapuskasing 1 Res: * Non-Res: 129 35 33 0 6 0 32 0 •1 Kenora Res: Non-Res : 115 16 92 0 59 0 0 0 North Bay Res: Non-Res: ^9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Patricia Central Res: Non-Res: 7 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 Patricia West Res: Non-Res: 71 183 66 0 19 0 0 0 Port Arthur Res: Non-Res: 102 15 21 0 5 0 0 0 Sault Ste, Marie Res: Non-Res: 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sioux Lookout Res: Non-Res: 7h 0 h7 0 15 0 0 0 Sudbury Res: Non-Res: 85 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 Swastika Res: Non-Res: 63 0 15 0 2 0 0 0 i^hite River Res: Non-Res: 59 10 36 0 3 0 0 0 66 233 187 83 235 282 ^9 13 339 1^3 22 136 87 80 108 1.0 2.2 2.0 1.3 O.'*- 3.9 0.8 0.01 0.7 1.2 0.2 3.^ 1.2 1.5 1.5 hJ 9.9J^ 6.1 h.Q% 7.2^ 12. 75^ 5.h% .13% h.9% ^.9f 1.2% llo5% 0.9% 8.0^ 3.o% TOTAL: 1507 380 iMf 32 2063 - 17 - Caribou > This species, because of its irregular wandering habits, is most diffi- cult to census* Progress has been made partlcvaarly in the Geraldton District in deflnl the range of individual herds. Most Districts report herds which are slowly .noreasiag. The following table summarizes the caribou population estimates for 195^. Forest District Cochrane Kapuskasing White River Geraldton Port Arthur Sioux Lookout (Including Patricia West and Central) TOTAL: Estimated Population 380 100 60 5185 629^ White-tailed Deer, The 195^ deer seasons were similar in most of Ontario to those of 1953 The only changes were made in the Port Arthur area where the season was reduced b twenty days, and in southwestern Ontario where the counties of Bruce, Grey, Huron Oxford, Perth, and Waterloo were closed. - 18 - The 195^ deer hunting licence sales axe compared below with those of L953. 1??^ 1953 Residents Licences 79,000 73,500 Resident Camp Licences 620 785 Farmers Licences 13,180 18,500 Non<-Resident Licences 10,^■00 8,300 TOTAL 103,200 101,085 Many people not entitled to Farmers Deer Hunting Licences bought them in ,953 • Education and enforcement was probably responsible for the swing of over 5000 of these to buying Resident Licences in 195^« There was little change in the com- mned number of Resident and Farmer licences taken out, but there was an increase of over 2000 in the niamber of Non-Resident licences sold. Nearly all of these non- -residents hunted in the Western Region where hunting pressure is light and where there are plenty of deer available for them. The collection of statistics concerning the condition of the deer herd and the success of the hunt in 195^ was carried out along the same lines as in previous years. Eleven checking stations operated across the Province at which 16,050 hunters were interviewed and 6083 deer were examined. Table 5 summarizes the results for each Forest District. On the whole, the 195^ deer season gave slightly higher hunter success* In most Districts the effort or hunter-days required to kill a deer was less. The study of the ages of the deer shot was continued and valuable basic Information on the condition of the herd was obtained. The percentages of deer in each sex and age class are summarized in Table 6. A healthy age distribution exists in the districts lying south of the French and Hattawa Rivers. North of this line there continues to be a relatively high proportion in the 5^ years and over age group. The deer there could and should be hunted harder if range deterioration from overuse is to be avoided. In the Western Region there was a shortage of li year old deer. Weather information suggests that fawns produced in 1953 failed to survive their first winter. History may be about to repeat itself in this part of the - 19 - TABLE 5, SUMMARY OF DEER CHECKING STATION RESULTS BY FOREST DISTRICTS 195^ • H Marie « •p •d O q (D n o & 0 ■g • > M CO pQ >. CO ,^ H^ rt O O Pn (t to n u >» X} ■p +> fe 9 0 •H 1 9 ■p 1 1 1 +> & ►:i &4 (U a< sz: CO s CO fSt* CO Residents 2^-09 2956 798 - 230 2899 2306 6^- - - • Non-Residents 12if lOli- ^-6 - h3 623 3^-5 28? - - • Total Hunters 2533 3060 8Mf 2250 273 3522 2651 351 ^1* ^8* 7^ Resident Deer 678 927 278 - 63 II68 858 25 - - • Non-Resident Deer 69 53 17 - 17 305 182 106 - - • Total Deer . Checked 7^7 980 295 867 80 m-73 lOM-O 131 30" 39^-* k(\ Resident Success 28^ 3IJ6 35^ - 275^ hO^ 37% 39J^ - - • 56^ 51% 37% - ^C* h9% 53% 37% 30% 32% 35% 39% 2.9% h2% 395S 37J^ 73^ 88^ 6*1, - 21.9 8.7 8.1 16.1 6.8 6.7 9 Non-Re sident Success Total Hunter Success Hunter Days Per Deer I7.7 15.8 15*0 1953 Hunter Days Per Deer I8.9 17A 15«0 21.0 20.0 11.8 9A 18. 0 7A ti. Nearly all Non-residents. - 20 - Province o A severe decline In deer numbers occurred there In the period of 19^8 to 1950 when a series of hard winters decimated successive fawn crops In a range iamaged by overuse. 'JBLE 6. ANALYSIS OF SEK AMD AGE OF DEER CBECKED* • __ H n d +> -^ •O 9 4) O CI oq^h33 o3d b M ^ n >* a 's u t^u-p o HO ttt ti •f O HO tti tS CO 0.0 «> <» J4 vO CM U\ 0 0 H 5 UN • 00 • • CM • IN- • ON • CO «> «» «» <» <» «> g 0 UN 0 UN UN 00 o rn UN 00 o\ ro C^ o • • • • • • • o H CM H H H H UN a ^Q^ «» <» «> «> «» » C^ VO 0 0 UN UN OS u CM rO CJN J- VO D* H «» ^ «* «» «9> S FRO C^ UN UN 0 UN vO •g H « J- • • • ON • 0 • S s CM CM 0 CM 00 H UN H cd € <» «» ^ «» ^ «» g a 0 8 0 0 0 0 o 0 ro CM CM UN ON 4^ • • • • • • B u 00 0 rn 0 VO CO a H CM H H S ^a* ^ «» «» <» «> CO Ej i g CM ^ 0 J- 0 ON UN 00 i p^ • • • • • • ^ t^ c^ r- 1- J- J* CM C^ S 4» «» 4» ^ 4^ « /-s s 0 00 S^ 0 vO 8 8 0 J- Q ^-» • • • • • • C^ C^ 00 H CM ro ^ H H r- H H a« 0 <» ^ «^ ■^ ^ «» 3 o ^-s H H P4 0 00 UN 0 0 0 UN s 0 C^ H C^ l>- UN 0 ^-^ • • • • • • » H H g K «» 4» «» ^ 4» 4» g 0 5 h (N- J>- 0 UN UN CN. ® rr> UN C3\ C^ ro CM XI 0 • • 0 • • ^ J- f— CV o\ UN H ^ 1^ <» «* ^ ^ ^ ^ ^1 UN rn UN UN UN UN ® CJ\ VO H H VO H > • • • • • • ei <3\ rO J- rO ON J- & H CM H H H «»> 4» 4» <» *» «» • 0 H CM en A UN UN UN UN UN UN H ij Jv i 1 H c4 rO i a * UN UN UN XfN <^ CN OS C7S OV c^ H H H H H H H 888888888 • •••••••• OOUNvOvOrnCMCMiH Uxmrn^JONUN^g UN J- rO vo vO ON vO CVI vO 00 UN vO vO 00 CM UN 00 CM J■UN^r>J•^'^'^<^CMJ• ^ ro !>. p VO 00 C^ ^ Q 0 CM J^ 00 00 VO 00 VO • • • • • • • • • CN. H 0 CM m CM H *!> ON H ON vO Cv. c>- rr> UN ^ 00 5 4 rO ro J- rn r<-> CM rn «^ «» 4» 4» «» 4» «» «» cs- J- 3 I H CM rn -4" UN UN UN UN V\ UN ci H CM rn J- UN UN UN UN UN 9n On On ^ On H H H H H - 23 - a number of die-off s that have been reported during the winter. Disease of some kind, possibly tularemia, was probably the agent which actually removed the animaj The area most seriously affected by beaver die-off s was part of the Severn River drainage of Patricia Central and West in extreme northern Ontario, This was the area similarly affected in 1950, Some of the large traplines near Sachigo had no occupied beaver houses left in the spring of 1955* This is a serious situation because these fine Indians are dependent on the for resource and when this falls, there is no alternative source of income for them. Fisher. The catch of this valuable furbearer was the highest sdLnce the season of 1928-29* In north western Ontario particularly a great increase was evident during the winter of 195^ 55* Marten. The catch of marten in Ontario has not exceeded this year's harvest fo] 31 years. The animals are steadily extending their range and are being harvested safely where there is a surplus. Marten Stocking. The marten live trapping program was continued in the Chapleau Crown Gi Preserve and Algonquin Park. The folloT(d.ng released were made: Big Trout Lake, Patricia West 17 Albany River, Patricia East 17 Tyson Lake, Sudbury District 7 I Tweed 5 Investigations into the success of previous plantings have indicated tl the animals have established themselves in most cases. In the Patricia portion oi, Ontario there is evidence that the animals have bred and have spread out for con^ j siderable distances from the site of release. - 24 - The overall catch of this important furbearer was down from 1953- 5^ • iJi the area bordering Hudson's Bay, however, a record catch was taken. Over 2000 high quality mink were traded at Winisk 6uid Severn during the winter. South of this area and in the central part of the province the catch was down, but in southern Ontario increase was reported. iThe Study of Sex Ratios. The study of sex ratios of trapped marten, fisher, mink, and otter was continued in 195^55* The data was obtained from the records of Sealing Officers in the same manner as in previous years* The significance of the steadily dropping proportion of males in the catch of fisher and marten should be investigated further. The results of this study are summarised in Table 8. Muskrat . Except for the catch of 19^-7-^-8 the harvest this year was the highest on record. It might have been the highest had the spring storms in the south not re- duced the yield on many of the productive Lake Erie marshes. The institution of fall trapping in many areas in the south should in- crease the catch by harvesting many muskrats which would normally die in the winter. Experimental Traplines. The experimental trapline program started in 1951-52 was continued during the 195^55 season. The catch is summarized in Table 9. Certain changes were made in the procedures on the trai>lines this winter* For the last two years the traps have been baited with cans of sardines in which several small slits have been made. It was noticed that frequently mice or shrews were able to enter the can and clean out the fish. This, however, did not seem to tmake much difference to the attractiveness of the bait since furbearers were fre- quently caught with nothing but an empty can in the cubby* - 25 - TABLE 8. SEX RATIOS OF MABTEN, FISHER, MINK, AMD OTTER. MARTEN 3952-53 1953-5^ 195^55 ■ 5 CD •- !2 - on < D «0 s g 1 1 1 ^ a 't o N I <0 N I I I I I I w> I I I I I I I I I I I I 5 ^ N * O * (k Ol •> K Is, 'J Ol 5 Q N :; 1 5k I 1 ^ <» - K 1 •» Ol >■ o h. ^ O 1 •) 1 o I I I * >o I I I •^ 1^ I »> I I ll^ll |N<0|»«1 I |io«l* f>) -* IM K IS-) Ol I I I ^ » tt o -^ « ^^ « « K ^ O»'M0i^«0^M •O K K o (\| fM o » o •> ^^ v) M ■>< V) ^ « « « K <> ^ o •o xt ^ * I I I I I I I Oi«">.»H^«>*l«l^'» OViO«>-Oi')Oi«'^«<0-.>0 •^Q MNQ<\j»«0i«>O^^^^>>lO* *> OOitiit>> i>)MOiOO'0«V) K « « » • K Xf N ^ OV)«<0|0i|| IOV-.I |K| I I I. lO K K0.l|ll|ll||ll<0||20«0l|| I ^ I M « I a •) lo »> •> «> « 1^ -. a> I I I I I I I I I I « 01 I I I I I I I I 1^ 0> K. ^ <0 <0 >0 « N * I llllll^^^lllllllllllllllllll O « "> x» I l«llllllllllllllllllll<)>llln|>>NI||^ll| •JWiOl^OlO^'M I «J K •o o IV c\i <>i ^ •^ M •> •> M ^ >* « A n I ^ m ^ lo >o •> <»■ ") Ol O 14 NNloN"lK>OOi"M•» 5 CS «> ■» 3 5 « V 5 S « •> l^|iOin«K| lioll |0|^N|K| I «">»)^Oi^ir)0*oi JS^N Ol — K<")« N is 5 I I I Ok W) «•"» - «> K o •M O 10 1 **> fVi «M I 't O <\J Ol I K ^ M O i>, »000*'s— -^ o "» I K «> K N ♦ - N 10 — Ol K «0 K « k G o^ K rsi -u>^-IM0-«l^'^«^O<^VIN'^<^<0<»aiO -. — - fSI O — on * -io>.-i^K *0iMOiio">*>>O<0iON ^ <0 N « •> M Ok — Oi<>j^*0K nOk N»»io-N>^«<0- li QC Ol 6 I* •> O ^ V o o o K N 00 <«. i> n ^ O J N <0 9' * " IW0iOl^|^tllll">ll«> •^ 10 O Ol "> * "> I I I O I 01 N I 1 I in I I - 5 . - J* * !* fee-? 5 : : - g = ^ «) « I? >u T i ^ .1 .'^ «0 .X "o ^ >0 « Jo o ;^ •^ T ■^ <<) ft -< ^ ^ <0 5 10 ft .^ :; C5 U s.< S! ? « ? i^ « i? i< .'' - 28 A - Fox and Raccoon Hunting foxes with hounds has been a highly popular sport for many years, partlcul£u?ly In the area south of Ottawa. Raccoon hunting Is becoming popular In the fo\ir southernmost districts of the Province. License sales have risen from 233 In 1950, the year they were first Instituted, to 755 In 195^ - 55. Table No. 10 gives the raccoon kill and average seasonal bag per hunter for four southern districts. TABLE 10. 1954 - 55 District License Sales Trappers Reporting Raccoons Reported Killed Average Bag per Trapper Reporting Lake Erie 301 257 7504 29 Lake Huron 277 277 7745 28 Lake Slmcoe 40 30 673 22 Lindsay 20 20 462 23 TOTALS 638 584 16384 waterfowl There was a better flight of waterfowl through Ontario In the fall of 1954 than In the previous year. The results of checks carried out on the opening day of the season on various marshes In the southern part of the Province are summarized In Table No, 11. The species composition of the bag Is summarized In Table 12, Various districts cooperated with the Canadian Wildlife Service In breeding season counts and the midwinter waterfowl Inventory. Table No, gives the results of this. TABLE 11. Duck Hunters Success Hunters Checked Ducks Shot Average Bag Banded Ducks October 2, 1954 Luther Marsh 729 494 1.5 3 Rondeau 265 315 1.2 0 September I8, 1954 Southern Tweed 298 921 3.1 4 Northern Tweed 167 134 - 29 - .8 0 TABLE 12. Percentage Composition of Waterfowl Checked In Hunters Bags Species Luther Marsh Oct. 2 Rondeau Marsh Oct. 2 Southern Tweed Sept. 18 Northern Tweed Sept. 18 Western Region Sept. and Oct Black Duck 10 10 25 36 0 Mallard 11 17 17 1 23 Blue-wing Teal 25 53 37 9 2 Green-wing ' real 30 6 11 6 0 Wood Duck 3 15 8 21 0 Pintail A 0 .8 0 0 Baldpate .2 0 0 0 1 Shoveler A 0 0 0 0 Ring-necked Scaup (sp.) Duck 2 . .4 0 ) 0 ) .3 ; 1 22 17 24 Redhead 0 0 0 0 2 Goldeneye A 0 0 0 14 Biifflehead 0 0 0 0 14 Ruddy Duck 2 0 0 0 0 Mergansers 1 0 .5 5 2 Coot 13 0 0 0 1 - 30 - TABLE 13. Goldeneye Mergansers Black Duck Mallard Scaup (sp,) Canvasback TOTALS January Waterfowl Inventory In the St. Lawrence 1951 1952 1953 1954 1^55 74i^7 9905 3241 5341 5413 409 354 395 454 578 282 199 341 617 803 6 1 10 0 5 6 0 475 180 335 10 0 100 0 0 8160 10459 4562 6592 7134 January Waterfowl Inventory for Eastern Lake Ontario 1951 1952 1953 1 1954 1955 Goldeneye 383 828 1014 1889 1869 Old Squaw 536 912 283 229 861 Merganser 30 21 68 36 23 Scaup (sp.) 0 22 500 114 3410 Redhead 0 2 0 0 0 Black Duck 21 0 55 544 155 Mallard 0 0 0 23 0 Bufflehead 0 0 0 3 0 Unidentified 0 0 0 0 116 TOTALS 970 1785 1920 2838 6434 Upland Game and General Distribution The numbers of ruffed grouse and Hungarian partridge declined sharply throughout most of the range of these species in Ontario. For ruffed grouse it is probable that the birds are at the low point of their ten-year cycle ir most parts of the Province, and from now on their numbers may be expected to increase. Hungarian partridge appear to be following a similar cycle of numbers. In doing so they have been subject to very unfavourable weather - 31 - conditions both In the open season and during the winter. In consequence, the prospect for next year Is that they will be at a low ebb. The ring-necked pheasant by contrast has shown a substantial Increase In those parts of the Province In which It Is fo\ind. There was good hunting not only In the Nleigara Peninsula and Lake Erie Counties but also In some areas east of Toronto, Hunting conditions west of Toronto were made unfavourable and In some Instances birds were destroyed by hurricane Hazel which took place a few days before the open season. This same storm, however, resulted In a great many crops being left unhaxvested In the fields so that winter survival should be better than It has been In many years. Pelee Island Pheasant Shoot 1953 1954 No. of hunters 1400 I617 No. Of cock pheasants killed 11000 11463 No. of hen pheasants killed 3000 9305 No. of pheasants killed 14000 20768 No. of cock pheasants after shoot 1640 864 No. of hen pheasants after shoot 13430 11034 There was a two day season In 1954, October 27th and 28th, with a bag limit of 9 cocks and 5 hens. More licences were Issued by the pelee Island Council for the 1954 two day season than for auiy previous two day shoot. The reduction of hen pheasants brings the cock-hen ratio to a satisfactory state and the number of birds left on the Island to the desired level of approximately one bird per acre. - 32 - Distribution of Pheasants by Coxmties Chicks Po\ilts Adults Lake Erie District Elgin 400 790 Essex 5350 1725 Haldlmand 300 1125 Kent 2600 1025 Lambton 2550 1050 Lincoln 1150 1000 Middlesex 600 1005 Norfolk 630 Welland Co\mty 2050 1200 Lake HiATon District Brant 1100 600 75 Halton 600 650 75 Huron 1200 900 Oxford 5200 2975 90 Waterloo 600 400 40 Wellington 400 200 75 Wentworth 1300 1145 75 Miscellaneous (Gun Clubs, etc. ) 50 200 70 Lake Simcoe District Ontario 2900 2900 Peel 1050 1000 Simcoe 900 500 York 2400 3650 Lindsay District Durham 6900 200 600 Northumberland 200 300 Rideau District Carleton 400 75 Grenville 200 50 Lanark 100 Leeds 1100 150 Prescott 300 75 Renfrew 300 50 Stormont 200 45,400 100 25,370 1^ W^/^ UAN^AA W "T,400 69,170 - 33 Sale of Township Licences by Counties Lake Erie District Elgin Essex Haldlmand Kent Lambton Lincoln Middlesex Norfolk Welland Lake Huron District Brant Halton Oxford Waterloo Wellington Wentworth Lake Slmcoe District Ontario Peel Slmcoe York Lindsay District Durham 297 376 Resident Non-Resldent 1035 1138 4194 3599 791 2325 1863 2778 1456 1624 1954 2116 889 2017 783 601 2994 2629 261 554 298 401 1082 1553 240 407 81 499 1242 3712 432 787 378 368 85 68 713 1352 - 34 - wild Turkey - Thirty wild turkeys were reared at the Norraandale pheassuitry, and were released In Rondeau Park, the Township of Mosa In Middlesex County, smd at the Normandale Bird F2U*m. Some of these birds were observed to have survived the winter, and a nesting was reported at Normandale this spring. The Toronto Anglers and Hunters Association Imported a number of wild t-urkeys from Pennsylvania which were released at various localities from the Grand River In South Dumfries Township east to Orono, These plantings were scattered by hurricane Hazel shortly after the birds had been released. In spite of that, however. It Is known that they survived the winter In South Dumfries Township, and scattered reports Indicate survival elsewhere. These can only be Judged after one or two nesting seasons have passed* The release of 19^9 which resulted In turkeys being established In the Grand Bend area has now spread to Wsurwlck Township were twenty-seven turkeys were observed on November 29th. Rabbits - There are still a few areas In the Province where snowshoe rabbits remain at a peak of abundance. In a great many parts, however, the cyclic dylng-off has already taken place. The cottontail rabbits In southern Ontario again show an Increase. European hares also seem to be slightly more numerous than last year, and have extended their remge along the St. Lawrence River as far as Gananoque. - 35 - Bear bounty 1954 - 1955. The following is a resume of tlie conditions on which bounty is paid under The Wolf and Bear Bounty Act, to control the population of bears. A ^10.00 bounty is paid on any bear 12 months of eige or over, and a §5.00 bounty is paid on any bear under 12 months of age. The bear must be killed between April 15th, and November 30th, in a township of which 25^ of the total area is devoted to agricul- ture and which is located in a district, or one of the counties described in the Regulations. The Act also requires that the bear must be killed in defence or preservation of livestock or property by a bona fide resident of the township. The following table shows the number of bears killed and the bounty paid for a period of five years. Period Adults Cubs Bounty For year ending Mar. 31, 1951 453 47 f 4,645.00 For year ending Mar. 31, 1952 408 29 S 4,180.00 For year ending Mar. 31, 1953 662 57 S 6,805.00 453 47 408 29 662 57 947 145 1126 99 For year ending Mar. 31, 1954 947 145 |10,000.00 For year ending Mar. 31, 1955 1126 99 §11,590.00 A total of 957 claims, including 6 which were brought for- ward from the previous year, representing 1,126 bears and 99 cubs, were considered by the Department. 18 claims representing 14 bears and -5 cubs were refused. - 36 - With the increase in the bear kill this year, it would appear that the peak of the bear cycle has been reached and that a decrease in the kill may result next year. The following table shows the number of bear killed in each county and district on which claims for bounty were received. These figures do not include the number of bears hunted and killed by sportsmen, on which bounty is not applicable. - 37 - Ctounty or Dlstrlot Algoma Bruce Coohrane Front enao Haliburton Hastings Kenora Lanark Lennox & Add* Manitoulin Muskoka Niplssing Parry Sound Peterbbro Rainy River Renfrew Sudbury Temiskaming Thunder Bay Victoria Bears 12 Mos. Pubs under or over 12 Mos. 37 28 10 160 15 11 1 28 6 70 7 10 2 1 3 3 12 131 18 74 5 20 6 30 1 139 9 124 8 205 10 39 S 1 TOTAL - 1126 99 . 38 - WOLF BOUNTT 1954 - 1955. Under The V/olf and Bear Bounty Act the Department pays a fE5.00 bounty on a timber or brush wolf 3 months of age or over, and a ^15.00 bounty on a timber or brush wolf under 3 months of age. On wolves killed in the provisional judicial districts, the De- partment pays the whole bounty, v/hereas on wolves killed in the coun- ties, the Department pays 405^ and the respective county pays 60^ of the bounty. The whole pelt must be presented as evidence, on wolves killed in the counties and the provisional judicial district of Manitoulin. How- ever, under an amendment to the Act, the whole unskinned head may be presented instead of the whole pelt, on wolves killed in the provisional judicial districts, excepting Manitoulin. This amendment was effective June 5th, 1954, and was made to en- courage the destruction of wolves. However, there was a decrease of 66 wolves taken in the districts where the amendment was applicable. The following table shows the number and species of wolves killed and the amount of bounty paid during the past five years. Period Timber Bi^ush Pups Total Bounty For year ending Mar. 31, 19 51 For year ending Mar. 51, 1952 For year ending Mar. 31, 1953 For year ending Mar. 31, 19 54 For year ending Mar. 31, 1955 1405 651 44 2100 f 46, 457. 00 1198 634 63 1895 i41,803.00 1313 739 68 2120 f 46, 550. 00 1101 720 70 1891 §41,853.00 1075 620 41 1736 §38,703.00 - 39 - In the period covered by this report, the Department considered 1,334 claims for bounty. 8 claims representing 3 wolves, 5 dogs and 2 fezes, were refused. The following is a summary of the number of wolves killed in each of the counties and districts, on which claims for bounty were received. - 40 - <30UNTY TT^n^TgR BRgSH ITJPS TOTAL Brant Bruce 12 18 Carleton Dufferln Dundas Durham Elgin Sssez Frontenac 5 15 1* Glengarry Grenville * * Grey 5 5 5 16 6 5 Haldimand 5 5 Halton 4 * Hastings 4 18 22 Huron 4 4 Kent 10 1 11 Lambton 5 B Lanark 80 ^ Leeds 11 H Lennox & Add. 2 16 18 Middlesex Norfolk 2 5 7 41 - COUNTY TIMBER BRUSH PUPS TOTAL Northumberland 9 9 Linooln 3 3 Ontario 7 7 Oxford 1 1 Peel Perth Peterboro 1 8 9 Presoott Prince Edward 4 4 Renfrew 8 25 33 Russell Simcoe 24 24 Stormont Victoria 3 17 20 Waterloo 1 1 Welland 11 6 17 Wellington Wentvrorth 5 5 York 2 2 TOTAL - 21 254 13 288 - 42 - DISTRICT Algoma Cochrane Haliburton Kenora Manitoulln Muskoka Nlpissing Parry Sound Rainy River Sudbury Timiskaming Thunder Bay TIMBER BRUSH FOPS 116 64 73 1 13 1 296 35 37 62 8 8 104 6 34 20 47 62 131 72 16 1 179 34 16 8 1 TOTAL 181 74 14 331 115 16 111 54 117 204 17 214 TOTAL FOR DISTRICTS TOTAL IK)R COUNTIES GRAND TOTAL 1054 21 1075 S66 254 620 28 1448 13 288 41 1736 - 43 - FDR PARMING 1954. The stability of the fur market, particularly for mink, is dependent to a large degree on the activity of the stock market. During 1954, the stock market reached some all time high trading records which were reflected by the strong demand at high prices for mink. Mink prices advanced 10^ to 25% by March and the aver- age was substantially above the 1953 level. One of the main factors responsible for the increasing de- mand for mink was the interest shown in the European countries. Nearly all the restrictions on the importation of furs to Freince, were removed. Italy is fast becoming an international fashion centre and the demand for mink in that country, as well as Swit- zerland and Germany, is increasing. The domestic and U* S. markets were stimulated by a reduc- tion in taxes. The Canadian excise tax of 15?S at point of dressing, was removed and in the United States, the 205S excise tax at retail level, was reduced to 10%. Both these measures were effective dur- ing the spring and while full benefit was not enjoyed during 1954, a stimulating effect should be noticed in the coming yeax. On October 15th-16th of the year under review "Hurricane Hazel" hit Southern Ontario a devastating blow. Floods resulted in disastrous losses to four fur farmers located in the Counties of York and Peel. - 44 - Inspections were made and estimates of the damages were com- puted by the Inspector of Fur Farms and a Committee from the On- tario Fur Breeders' Association. Total damages wereestimated at |67,260.00. A brief was submitted to the Commission on Hurricane Damage and the Ontario Hurricane Relief Fund setting out the extent of damage and it pointed out the urgency of obtaining immediate as- surance of financial assistance in order that the ranchers affected, could make arrangements for replacing their breeding stock prior to the pelting season which would start three weeks hence. It is gratifying to report that payments were made from the fund which were considered sufficient to enable the ranchers to re-establish their means of livelihood. There has been a constant decrease each year in the number of ranches as compeired to the previous year, since 1947. 1954 proved no exception and a net decrease of 82 ranches is reported* While the number of ranches has decreased, the production of mink in quantity and quality has increased. A total of 551 licences were issued in 1954. Of these, 512 were renewals, 37 were new and 2 licences were issued with retroactive pro- visions, to legalize the operations of the ranches during the previous year. - 45 - The following table shows the location by County or District of licensed fur farms. 1954. County or District Number Algoma 3 Brant 7 Bruce 25 Carleton 2 Cochrane ^ Dufferin 2 Dundas Essex Glengarry Grenville Grey Haldimand Hal ton Hastings Huron Kenora Kent Lanark 1 Durham ^ Elgin ^ 13 Frontenac ^ 1 2 30 8 20 1 14 8 15 Lambton ^ 11 - 46 - Iieeds Lincoln Middlesex Norfolk Ontario Peterboro Prescott - 47 - 4 Lennox & Add. ^ 16 Manitoulin ^ Muskoka ^ 16 Nipissing ^ 4 Northumberland * 13 Oxford ^5 Parry Sound 12 Peel 10 Perth 38 3 2 Rainy River 1^ Renfrew 8 Simooe ^2 Sudbury ^ Tlmlskamlng 1 Thunder Bay 29 Victoria fi Waterloo 19 Welland 6 Wellington 16 Wentworth 27 York 50 TOTAL - 549 - 48 - SUMMARY OF BREEDING STOCK Licensed Fur Farms January 1st. 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 OTHER ANIMALS Beaver (Pens) 17 16 8 3 0 Beaver (S, C.) 59 6 8 12 26 Fisher 23 21 13 10 9 Marten 43 35 36 54 62 Muskrat (Pens) 0 4 2 6 2 Miiskrat (S<^C.) 125 95 190 258 705 Raccoon 76 46 47 68 57 Skunk 4 6 2 0 0 FOX Blue 256 200 75 56 68 Cross 10 2 1 1 1 Red 30 u 6 1 3 Standard Silver 3391 2813 1567 760 583 Platinum 903 559 267 159 136 Pearl Platinum 476 449 349 294 230 White Marked 384 225 110 50 26 MTNK- Standard & dark half-blood #67943 Silverblu Pastel Other Mink #73034 40691 27727 22315 15798 17710 20443 12381 16926 22869 4665 7797 971S # Breakdown tor Mink not available for 1950 & 19S1* - 49 - REVENUE RECEIVED FROM EXPORT PERMITS JULY 1st, 1954 to JUNE 30th, 1955- Total amount of pelts Total amount of revenue Beaver 134,729 135,919.50 Fisher 3,267 3,272.50 Cross fox 337 33.30 Red fox 4,171 417.10 Fox (silver. black or blue) 66 15.40 Fox (white) 619 336.00 Fox (not specified) 2 .20 Lynx 1,341 221.55 Marten 3,917 3,917.00 Mink 31,251 31,251.00 Muskrat 527,209 52,720.90 Otter 7,510 9,296.00 Raccoon 27,107 2,710.70 Skunk 3,199 159.95 Weasel 43,277 2,163.35 Wolverine TOTAL REVENUE - - $ 242,439.95 - 50 - EEVENUE RECEIVED FROM TANNERS PERMITS JULY 1st, 1954 to JUNE 30th, 1955- Total amount of pelts Total amount of revenue Beaver 561 643.00 Fisher U 14.50 Fox (cross) 50 6.60 Fox (red) 759 75.90 Fox (silver. black or blue) 6 2.20 Fox (white) 16 11.00 Fox (not specified) 3 .30 Lynx 59 11.40 Marten 51 51.00 Mink 2,3da 2,3^3.00 Muskrat 313 #926 31,392.60 Otter 43 52.75 Raccoon 1,299 129.90 Skunk 42 2.10 Weasel 261 13.05 Wolverine TOTAL REVENUE — * 34,794.90 . 51 - STATEMENT OF WILD PELTS EXPORTED OR TANNED SHOWING NUIffiER AND VALUE OF PELTS AND ROYALTY RECEIVED FROM JULY 1st, 1954 to JUNE 30thA955« Pelts Exported Pelts Tanned Total Pelts Value of Pelts Beaver 134,729 561 135,290 1,995,527.50 Fisher 3,267 14 3,261 69,721.25 Fox (cross) 3^7 50 437 633.65 Fox (red) 4,171 759 4,930 3,451.00 Fox (silver, black or blue) 66 6 72 167.20 Fox (white) 619 16 635 6,509.00 Fox (not specified) 2 3 5 3.50 Lynx 1,341 59 1,400 9,670.00 Marten 3,917 51 3,966 35,315.20 Mink 31,251 2,3^^ 33,639 706,100.95 Muskrat 527,209 313,926 641,135 1,160,766.30 Otter 7,510 43 7,553 194,469.75 Raccoon 27,107 1,299 26,406 50,562.66 Skunk 3,199 42 3,241 2,949.31 Weasel 43,277 261 43,536 45,714.90 Wolverine - - - - - - - - 7^^,052 319,47d 1,107,530 4,264,902.19 Revenue received from Export Permits - # 242,469.95 Revenue received from Tanners Permits - i 34,794.30 TOTAL REVENUE - | 277,264.25 - 52 - STATEMENT OF RANCH RAISED PELTS EXPORTED OR TANNED SHOWING NUMBER AND VALUE OF PELTS FROM JULY 1st, 1954 to JUNE 30tli, 1955. Exported Tanned Total Pelts 1,103 153,662 159,765 Value of Pelts Fox (silver. Black or blue) Mink 1,011 152,2^5 153,296 92 6,377 6,469 7,721.00 2,935,247.00 #2,942,963.00 - 53 - TOURIST OUTFITTERS^ CAMPS Under the provisions of Section 21 of the Game and Fisheries Act, both the establishment and operation of tourist resorts catering to sportsmen and vacationists interested in angling, hunting and camping were controlled and regulated by licence in that part of the Province lying north of the line of the Canadian National Railway from Parry Sound to Pembroke, but excluding the "Hinterland Area" in the Patricia portion of the District of Kenora lying approximately north of latitude fifty-one degrees forty-eight minutes. By application of conservation principles embodied in the Recreational and Land Use Zoning Plan of the Department, dispersal of additional Tourist Outfitters* Camp to localities where the fishing and hunting resources are in average or better abundance was encouraged. Also the improvement and standardi- zation of existing fishing and hunting camps to meet the increasing demand for better accommodation and modern facilities. Although 56 new camps or conversions were completed and licenced during the year, 17 licenced camps were closed indefinitely or reverted to other purposes so there was a net gain of only 39 licenced Outfitters, TOURIST OUTFITTERS' CAMP FRANCHISES APPLICATIONS: RECAPITULATION; Received or under consideration Granted - In the Districts of: 109 Algoma 7 Cochrane 4 Kenora I6 Manitoulin 4 Nipissing 0 Parry Sound. ... 27 Sudbury 9 Temiskaming. . .4 Thunder Bay.. 11 Rainy River.. 13 Renfrew ^ Total Refused, withdrawn and pending Permits in force April 1st, 1954 Issued during the year Camps completed & licenced Authorities lapsed Potential camps at March 31st, 1955 95 1^ 109 131 95 226 56 1? 71 15? - 54 - TOURIST OUTFITTERS' CAMP LICENCES ANALYSIS BY DISTRICTS Current Licences Issued DISTRICT Resident Fee Non-Re si dent Total $10.00 Fee ^25.00 33 Algoma 164 202 Cochrane 34 0 34 Kenora 304 105 409 Manitoulin 93 12 105 Nipissing 197 29 226 Parry Sound 279 25 304 Rainy River 41 12 53 Renfrew County la 2 20 Sudbury 122 15 137 Temiskaraing 42 5 47 Thunder Bay 61 10 71 1355 253 i6oa ACCUMULATIVE SUMMARY BY DISTRICTS DISTRICT 1936 1941 1946 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 ALGOMA 66 92 120 196 203 200 200 202 COCHRANE 0 7 11 26 26 27 26 34 KENORA 35 160 201 353 330 395 396 409 MANITOULIN 32 56 73 95 94 100 110 105 NIPISSING 79 93 120 190 221 217 216 226 PARRY SOUND 74 109 164 254 261 230 291 304 RAINY RIVER 27 37 35 49 52 52 55 53 RENFREW COUNTY 7 14 15 22 24 24 24 20 SUDBURY 33 59 73 122 129 123 126 137 TEMISKAMING 0 6 12 43 46 50 49 47 THUNDER BAY 19 32 27 65 64 70 76 71 TOTAL 427 665 356 1420 1500 1543 1569 1603 Annual Increase 10% 6% 3% 2% 2% - 55 - ALGONQUIN PROVINCIAL PARK NATURALIST PROGRAMME Although the Algonquin Park Naturalist Programme has been In operation since 19^3* this was only the second year for the Nature Museum. . The Programme consisted of illustrated lectures, conducted hikes, labelled nature trails, and special programmes for children's camps. In the Museum were displayed live fish, amphibians and reptiles, and mounted specimens of birds and mammals. Although the specimens were representative of the Park, they were arranged in a way which stressed the importance of the animal in the natural environment and its value to man. During Musexom hours a Park Naturalist was on duty to answer questions concerning the Park and its wildlife. The Museum opened on May 1 and was open during week-ends until June when it was kept open seven days per week until September 30. During October it was open only during week-ends. During the period May 1 to October 31 the museum register was signed by 67*304 visitors of whom 8k% were Canadian, 13;^ were American and 3^ were from other countries. Of the total registration 82^^ were from Ontario. A programme consisting of a brief talk illustrated with slides and a film was given every afternoon at the Museum during the summer season. Topics, such as deer, bear, beaver, forest communities, and predators were discussed. There were 64 afternoon programmes and these were attended by a total of 3,259 visitors. An evening programme of illustrated lectures and films was presented during three even ngs each week. A variety of subjects were discussed at greater length and with more detail. A total of 2,539 people attended the 30 evening programmes. The four labelled nature trails were continued. These trails led from the highway and enabled the visitor to walk a mile or more into the forest. Along each trail labels named and described the various trees, shrubs and other plant life- Evidence of animal life was noted where possible. During the period June 24 - October 31 the trail - 56 - - 2 - registration books were signed by 17*725 hikers. During each week three nature hikes were conducted by one of the Park Naturalist Staff. On these hikes the Naturalist described the purpose, geology, topography and history of Algonquin Park. The flora and fauna were described and discussed as they were encountered. Emphasis was laid upon forest fire prevention, problems of forest and wildlife management, and conservation. A total of 29 conducted hikes were attended by 709 hikers. A programme for the children's camps was continued. This consist- ed of visits to the various camps by a member of the Museum Staff to give illustrated talks and to show films. During July and August 12 camp visits were made and a programme was presented to a total of 1,389 campers . This year saw the continuation of awards by the Museum in the form of certificats and crests to campers who, under the guidance of a camp counsellor passed the requirements for Junior, Intermediate or Senior Naturalist Certificateas. The response from the camps was much greater this year and with greater cooperation, between the counsellors and the Museum Staff the nymbers of awards increased grealy over last year. This year 66 campers qualified as Junior Naturalist, 31 obtained their Intermediate Certificates and 10 met the requirements for the Senior Naturalist Certificate. This made a total of 107 Naturalist Awards. During the summer, requests were made by groups for special talks and films. These groups which numbered eleven and included Boy Scouts, Guides, classes from local schools, camps from outside the Park, and the R.A.P. and U.S.A.F. Cadets. The total attendance for these groups was ^85. - 57 - - 3 - Summary Total Museum Attendance - 67*304 Afternoon Programme Attendance - 3*259 Evening Programme Attendance - 2,539 Nature Trail Registration - 17*725 Conducted Nature Hike Attendance - 709 Children's Camp Programme Attendance - 1*389 Special Groups Attendance 485 Total 93*410 The year 1954 which continued the Naturalist Prograjnme in Algonquin Park for the eleventh year and saw the second year for the Nature Museum enjoyed greater success in attendance figures than in any preceding year. With the advent of shorter routes and improved highways extending from the large centres of population, Algonquin Park has become a great attraction to thousands of summer visitors. Through the presentation of the Park Naturalist Programme there were more than 90,000 contacts made with the public who received some insight into the natural environment. Visitors became more familiar with Ontario's forests and wildlife. They perhaps gained an apprecia- tion, of the importance of the management and proper use of Ontario's natural resources. - 58 - SIBLEY PROVINCIAL PARK NATURALIST PROGRAMME The Naturalist Programme which operated In Thunder Bay District at boys and girls camps In 19^6 and 19^7 was re«lnltlated and reorganized In 195^ with Its centre In Sibley Provincial Park. A headquarters was based at Lake Marie Louise In Sibley Park where a tent "Nature Museum" containing over 85 specimens of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals was established. The museum was open to the public on 10 week-ends and 20 week days through the sximmer. During these 37 days, 680 people signed the visitors' register. Three Nature Trails were planned and one was labelled and put Into operation. The labels described and named the flora along the trails and Illustrated natural phenomena of special Interest. 225 hikers used this trail from July 1st to October 11th. Eighteen public Nature Hikes were scheduled using six different trails. 165 persons attended twelve of these conducted hikes. Six hikes were cancelled. Nine evening Nature Talks Illustrated with coloxired slides and films were held at five centres with audiences totalling 589 persons, (children and adults). Fifteen Hikes and 11 Talks at four boys and girls camps visited on 11 occasions, enjoyed an attendance of 353 and 451 respectively (70 adults). Eight small projects Involving Park Improvements relative to the Programme, were completed with the assistance of the Junior Rangers. A limited programme of trapping and wildlife observation was carried on. Pour methods were used to publicize the Naturalist Programme and the Park. By the combined operation of Public Hikes and Talks, Camp Hikes ajid Talks, a Nature Trail and a Nature Museum, a total of 2,474 persons were contacted during the two month period. This represents four to five times the number of contacts made In previous years. There Is no doubt, from the evidence of this first year's operation that a much more extensive prograunme, well advertised, can be established In this area. That part of the public contacted, expressed their Interest in and appreciation of this type of educational programme. - 59 - RONDEAU PROVINCIAL PARK NATURALIST PROGRAMME In its third consecutive summer, the Rondeau Park Naturalist Programme attracted Increased public Interest In all Its features. Although In a temporary building, the Museum continued to be a centre of Interest. Open for 57 days from June 26 to September 12 between the hours of 2.00 p.m. and 5*00 p.m. the Museum was visited by 4,855 people. The greatest daily attendance was 280. The average attendance per day was 85 which was a 50^ increase over last year. In the Museum were displayed representative flora and fauna of Rondeau Park in the form of mounted specimens and study skins. Out- side were live displays of amphibious reptiles and mammals including badger, skunk and raccoon. Throughout the summer three conducted nature hikes were held each week. In addition, five dawn bird hikes were held. Two special Jiikes were arranged for groups from two local public schools. The total of 57 hikes were attended by 479 hikers. Three labelled nature trails were maintained. Along these trails were labelled the plants, shrubs, trees and other points of nature interest. During the season, 647 hikers signed the trail registration books. Public lectures, illustrated with coloured slides, were given once a week. These included various topics concerning the natural environ- ment. A total of 313 attended the nine lectures. In addition, lectures were given to special groups, such as schools, Sunday schools and Scout Troops. This year there were four such meetings with a total attendance of 336. In addition to the programme, a display was arranged to represent the Department at the Chatham Fair. Throughout the summer, assistance was given to visiting naturalists and the collection of plant specimens was continued. - 60 - - 2 - Simimary Total Museum Attendance - ^^855 Conducted Nature Hike Attendance - 479 Nature Trail Registration - $4? Public Lecture Attendance - 313 Special Groups Attendance - 336 6,630 The Programme for 195^ enjoyed an Increase in attendance figures over all preceding years. With the establishment and developxnent of a permanent museum in the future it is seen that it will become a main centre of interest in the Park. - 61 - GUIDE PROGRAMME Since 1945, the number of licensed guides has almost doubled, now numbering some seven thousand. With this Increase has come a corresponding decrease In experience and efficiency of the licenses. The need for changes In regulations, training and organization has been evident. Basic changes In regulations and licensing have been recom- mended In 1954-55 as a result of a study of the guide situation during the last four years. These changes are generally acceptable to the guides themselves, and Incorporate many of the guides' own Ideas . The one week training course for guides at the Forest Ranger School was attended by guides from one District In 1952. The course was enlarged In I953 to Include guides sheeted by the Guide Councils In Slmcoe, Lindsay and Parry Sound Districts. In 1955^ Councils In six Districts will be asked to send re- presentatives. In this way, each council will have members attending the course each year, gaining Information, direction and new Ideas, and as a result keeping the Interest of the Councils strong. By the end of the fiscal year, over fifty-two groups or their representatives were Instructed In the organization and purpose of Guide Councils, Before Province-wide representation Is complete, about forty more Councils will have to be formed. The guides' Councils are the essential unit In this prograumne. Some Councils have been extremely successful In Improving their local guide situation, by working as self -regulatory groups. Only through the cooperation of active guide councils, with Instruction and guidance from the Department, can we hope to Improve the guide situation. - 62 - GAME FISH SECTION The game fish resources of Ontario are managed by a field staff operating In twenty-t^A/o districts. Part of this staff consists of eighteen biologists, who are engaged In applying the best scientific Information available to problems relating to fish and wildlife management In the districts. The primary aim of fish management Is to obtain the highest possible sustained yield from our fish stocks. To realize this aim It Is necessary to have adequate knowledge of the fish population of the waters. Including the composition of the population and the rate of growth of the fish. With this knowledge we may provide for the full utilization of the fisheries surplus without endangering the future supply. The management of the fisheries resource is facilitated by the use of a number of management tools and techniques. The Department is presently operating 25 fish cultural stations for the purpose of raising desirable game and commercial fish for introduction to or restocking of public waters. Biological surveys of lakes and streams are being conducted systematically throughout the province as a basic requirement of all fish management. Other important management practices currently employed by the Department includes, the harvest and transfer of black bass, the removal of coarse fish, which includes the trapping of sea lamprey, the tagging of fish and creel census studies, the reclamation of lakes by poisoning, and assistance with the development of farm ponds. A brief review of the work conducted in these various phases of management is set forth in the following paragraphs. HATCHERY OPERATIONS Twenty-five fish cultural stations were in operation during the current year. The renovation of the Sault Ste. Marie Trout Rearing Station which was closed in September, 1953, is proceeding on schedule. It is expected that this station will be completed in time to begin operations with the incubation of eyed eggs in the fall of 1955. - 63 - The Southampton hatchery was closed because a suitable supply of IsLke trout eggs was not available, owing to the great decline In the pro- duction of lake trout In Lake Huron. Sarnla hatchery was closed chiefly because the stocks of spawn available for the hatchery can be handled without difficulty by the Klngsvllle hatchery, and, also, because of the scarcity of suitable local supplies of spawn of the species of fish handled by the hatchery. This year approximately 1,000,000 Pacific "Chum" salmon eggs were transferred to the Port Arthur hatchery from the Samlsh State Hatchery in Washington, U.S.A. The shipment which was received in excellent condition will be cultured at the Port Arthur station for subsequent transfer and planting in the eyed egg and finger ling stages in the Wlnisk and Attawapiskat .livers in the Hudson and James Bay watersheds. The purpose of this project is to establish a desirable commercial species in this vast Inland sea which is presently relatively unproductive of fish. HATCHERY INVESTIGATIONS During the year considerable study was conducted on various fish cultural practices and techniques employed within the hatchery field. Some of the more important advances were as follows:- (a) Transportation and distribution Distribution methods are continually under surveillance to improve the facilities for transferring and handling fish. This year the aircraft fish carrying equipment was modified and standardized for use in the Department's Beaver aircraft. Being an economical method of transfer the practice is receiving widespread attention and use throughout the province. (t>) Egg storage and transfer Experimental studies on the storage of "green" lake trout eggs were continued at the Sault Ste. Marie hatchery during the past year. Recent results indicate that eggs may be stored for periods up to three weeks without reducing their viability or increasing their natural mortality. This procedure in handling eggs will eliminate considerable mortality encountered with egg stocks, particularly where hatchery water temperatures are excessively high during the early part of the season. - 64 - Newly designed hatchery egg cases i^ere used for the first time this year. These cases. Insulated with foam plastic and constructed with 1/4 Inch plywood, are lighter In weight and considerably more serviceable than older type cases* (c) Nutrition Feeding studies were conducted at the Dorlon hatchery during the current year In which experimental lots of fish were fed prescribed amounts of food on the basis of average Size, total weight of the lot of fish and the existing water temperature. The results of the studies were very favourable. Illustrating that larger fish could be produced more economically when the size and the weight of the fish are considered In developing the feeding schedule. The method Is currently being considered for Introduction to all of the trout rearing stations In the province, (d) Hybrid species The experimental culture of the splake or Wendlgo hybrid trout, the progeny of a cross fertilization between a female lake trout and a male speckled trout, was continued at three trout rearing stations. The hybrids held at Dorlon hatchery were found to be mature and fertile In their third year. The fish were spawned and the fertilized eggs were cultured for further study. The adult stock was then planted In Cavern Lake, Dorlon Township, The hybrid trout stock held at the Chatsworth and Codrlngton statlcns were planted as yearling fish for subsequent survival and growth studies. The waters stocked were as follows, - Waters Cavern lake Jack Lake McCrae Lake Mace Lake Panache Lake Pine Point Lake Red Rock Lake Suuth Bay Splake Lake Sproule Lake Unnamed Lake County Thunder Bay Nlplsslng Muskoka Algoma Sudbury Sudbury Nlplsslng Manltoulln Nlplsslng Nlplsslng Sudbury - 65 - Township Dorlon Sproule Baxter 163 Dieppe Ogllvle Bower Sproule Macbeth Inter-specif Ic crosses, the cross between domesticated hatchery stock of speckled trout and natural stock of speckled trout, were cultured at Dorlon hatchery and planted In Sheila Lake, a small barren lake In the Geraldton District. The returns from these studies are not yet complete, but the results are expected to provide Interesting and valuable data relative to the growth and survival of the two strains of hatchery reared trout. Lake and Stream Surveys The investigation of the physical, chemical smd biological condition of lake and stream environments is the basis of all management. Such studies are presently being conducted throughout the province as rapidly as possible. In general, the study includes a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the habitat and the fish species contained therein. The investi- gator usually considers such f eatures ,area and depth of the waters, the shoreline, inlets and outlets, bottom types and aquatic vegetation. Water temperatures and chemical analyses including oxygen and pH are determined at various depths. The fish species, their condition and abundance, are usually determined by a rather extensive netting program which may employ the use of trap nets, gill nets and seine nets. Most of these studies are conducted during the summer months when the investigator has the opportunity of working on open waters. However, a few investigations are carried out during the winter particularly when fish distribution and population studies are involved. Tagging and Census Studies Growth rates, relative abundance and distribution of fish populations are very significant requirements for the proper management of any fishery. Such data are obtained in part from the results of survey investigations, but unless the study is conducted specifically for this purpose a detailed analysis is not always secured. Therefore, to augment this work and to facilitate a more accurate and complete picture, sample fish are marked, either by fin-clipping or tagging, and released for subsequent harvest. The return of these fish, when recorded in detail, provides valuable data relative to the status of the fishery. Such work is currently being conducted quite extensively In nearly all the districts. - 66 - The results from creel census returns also supplement growth and population studies. Information provided voluntarily by Interested sportsmen has provided very worthwhile reOords on fisheries, particularly in the Kenora, Sault Ste. Marie and North Bay Districts where rather extensive studies have been initiated. Reclamation and Restoration Program Certain lakes and streams which have been subject to mismanagement either by the introduction of an undesirable fish species, thoughtlessly and illegally, or by improper or inadequate harvest, resulting in an unbalanced and/or stunted fish population, have been treated with commercial toxicants to eliminate the existing fish population. Such treatment is followed by the introduction of one or more desirable fish species. In general the program is limited to small laJces that do not exceed 25 acres, because of the difficulty of performing a controlled treatment on larger water areas and the cost of the toxicant. Most of this work has taken place in the Lake Erie, Huron and Swastik Districts, In nearly all instances the projects have been sponsored by local fish and game groups. Construction of Farm Ponds In southern Ontario, particularly, landowners are taking more and mor interest in the development of farm ponds. The establishment of such reservoirs ranging from 1/2 acre or less to 15 acres, provides valuable water storage, and at the same time permits the rearing of a fish population for food, recreational and, in some instances, commercial purposes. Although the construction of farm ponds in Ontario is developed almos wholly by private enterprise. Department Biologists may assist wherever posslb] as consultants on the construction of the ponds, and the establishment of a ^1 desirable fish population. When the desired fish species, usually speckled trout, smallmouth or largemouth bass or bluegills cannot be procured from private hatcheries the Department may assist by providing stock for purchase if the stock is available after the requirements of public waters are fulflllec Most of the farm pond construction is currently being developed in the Lake Simoce, Erie and Huron Districts. A growing interest in the venture is also noted in the Rideau, Quinte, Parry Sound and North Bay Districts. - 67 - I Bass Harvesting When a smallmouth bass population becomes unbalanced, sport fishing for the species is generally poor. If overpopulated, the fish often become stunted as a result of crowding and/or an Inadequate food supply which usually results In undersized fish. In instances where an overpopulation is evident, control measures are initiated to reduce the population by netting. The fish harvested in such operations are Introduced to new waters suitable for the species or they are released in other bass habitats which are subjected to an intensive fishing pressure. Bass harvesting operations were conducted in the following waters during the current year. TABLE I Bass Harvesting Operations in 195^ NAME OF WATERS Angle Lake Big Clear Lake Bradley Lake Cat Lake Clement Lake Island Lake Island Lake Leach Lake Leggate Lake Monk Lake Mullet Lake O'Reilly Lake Otlsse (Bloom) Lake Pexton Lake DISTRICT Parry Sound Frontenac Hastings Parry Sound Hallburton Hastings Renfrew Parry Sound Frontenac Hallburton Hastings Frontenac Temlskamlng Cochrane NO. OF BASS REMOVED 1,560 457 739 401 2,136 2,682 940 784 345 892 463 1,256 595 24 13,274 - 68 - The harvested bass were planted in,- Cochrane District - Poole Lake; j Frontenac County - Buck Lake, Devil Lake, Sharbot Lake; Hallburton County - Coleman Lake, Dark Lake, Drag Lake, Elephant Lake, Farquart Lake, Grace Lake, Jlmbeef (Beef) Lake, Lawrles Lake, Long Lake, I^on Lake, McQue Lake, Otter Lake Paradise Lake; Hastings County - Baptlste Lake, Bow Lake, Mississippi River, York River; Muskoka District - Armstrong (Duck) Lake, Blgelow Lake, Buck Lake, Devlne Lake, Fox Lake, Heney Lake, Leonard Lake, Tookes Lake; Parry Sound District - Bear Lake, Blackstone Lake, Browns Lake, Cecebe Lake, Deer Lake, Eagle Lake, First Lake, Fowke Lake, French River, Haines Lake, Oastler Lake, Rainy Lake, Round Lake, Third Lake; Renfrew County - Blackflsh Bay, Carson Lak Madav;aska River; Tlmlskamlng District - Amlkougaml Lake, Barber (Larder) Lake, Plrth (Spawning) Lake, Kenogaml Lake, Mlstlnlkon Lake, Montreal River. Coarse Fish Removal Fish populations are subject to periodic fluctuations due to many natural factors, for example, climatic and environmental conditions. Under normal conditions a balance Is reached In a habitat and, apart from temporary periodic fluctuations, the species composition does not alter appreciably over the years. However, when such a population Is subjected to Intensive sport and/or commercial selective fishing and possibly other unnatural Influences, for example, pollution and fluctuations In water levels, the population of the species affected Is reduced appreciably. The result Is that the unflshed species, generally the coarse fish. Increase In numbers to the detriment of the game fish species. Where such conditions are known to exist, an effort is made to restore the balance by removing the coarse fish. The resulting effect of such a program Is not clearly established but data are presently being accumulated for subsequent evaluation as a management procedure. - 69 - TABLE II Ling Removal Operations In 1954 FOREST DISTRICT NAME OP WATERS FOREST DISTRICT Pembroke Pefferlaw River Slmcoe Rldeau Sutton River Slmcoe Rldeau Talbot River Slmcoe Rldeau Trent Canal Slmcoe Rldeau Whlteflsh Creek Slmcoe Rldeau Black River Qulnte Rldeau Crow Lake Qulnte Slmcoe First Depot Lake Qulnte Slmcoe Fourteen Island Lake Qulnte NAME OF WATERS Madawaska River Bass Lake Charleston Lake Jebbs Creek Otter Lake Pike Lake Big Rldeau Lake Atherley Narrows Jersey River Sea Lamprey Control The Department of Lands and Forests continued Its co-operative program with the Great Lakes Research Committee. This year the Committee undertook a preliminary survey of all the tributary streams on the north shore of lake Superior, west of the Sault Ste, Marie District. Department personnel from the Immediate and adjacent districts took part In the operation and the project was completed on schedule. In addition the Department continued with the netting program on nine tributary waters in the lake Huron, Lake Ontario and North Channel areas; the waters Involved and the results of these operations are described In Table III, TABLE III Sea lamprey Catch In 1954 NAME OF STREAM LOCATION NUMBER OF LAMPREYS CAPTURED Little Thessalon River North Channel (Algoma District) 1,087 Big Thessalon River North Channel (Algoma District) 610 Thessalon River (Ansonla) North Channel (Algoma District) 935 Mllford Haven Creek North Channel St. Joseph's Island (Algoma District) 665 Root River North Channel (Algoma District) 102 Silver Creek North Channel (Algoma District) 66 Saugeen River Lake Huron (Bruce County) 4,349 Saugeen River (Denny's Bridge ) Lake Huron (Bruce County) 4,519 Bronte Creek (12 Mile Creek) Take Ontario (Halton County) 1,229 13,5b2 - 70 - TABLE IV Summary of Pish Distribution (January 1 to December 31, 195^) SPECIES OF FISH NUMBER DISTRIBUTED Bluegllls 175 Charr, French Alpine 1,000 Charr, Pennsylvania 1,700 Herring 3,617,000 Largemouth Black Bass 999,614 l^asklnonge 3 , 589 , 563 Ouananiche 1,700 Pickerel 233,000,684 Smallmouth Black Bass 1,285,854 Splake 19,390 Trout, Brown 277,950 Trout, Kamloops 143,450 Trout, Lake 3,020,700 Trout, Speckled 2,945,893 Whitefish 181,875,000 430,779,673 - 71 - in c •H T3 ■P O N ■H W 3 < bO bO 0) bO jC > CO a fe 9 O 6h c o & •H ii4 90 bO bO n 0) •H O O CO ^ ^ r-« in VO 00 •> ^ ON in iH o\ CO (tf ON CVI 43 H o\ in o\ ON cvj o o o o CVJ in VD CO O O CVJ CVJ in o o o o CVJ 00 43 Xi +3 +3 3 ;3 O o B s o r-i to rH u (rt 5 1 •> •» OQ CO CQ CO & s ^ ^ O o a a iH r-i pq pq in o o o o o in CQ •H iH •H bO 0) t-i 8 43 o u u o o o cd o o o o vo o o o 8 o o ON bO •H O a m in 00 in CO CO o o o •» o in in CVJ (n o o o bO C O c a CO aj O O VO o o o CO m CVJ 00 o C7N cn C3N O in <3N CU o in m O O o CVJ o o c^ H CVi CO VO in •» ON I CO I i I o td o o o o o o •» VO 8 o o o CVl CVI u o 0) CO O O O o o -p O o o in o in in o VO CVI o o o CVJ CO CO in C7N CO CVJ +3 O u Eh 43 o o o o •k in 00 00 in I C?N I I CVJ I Q O O O 00 O in in tn ^ CVI o\ C7\ CTi t^ •» •t •> •» •» 1 1 ! t- c^ o :=r in i 1 1 iH t~- ^ iH in iH r-\ ^ o CVJ o in 00 in VO 43 o u s: t\ •» o c^ 1 1 T-\ rH 1 1 CVJ O •> •> CJN CO CO in r-i r-i o O o o O o o O o ^ •» ^ o in i>- 1 CVJ VO 00 1 t-- VO CVJ •» •» CVJ r-\ ^ CVJ CO £>• VO •» CT\ O no 00 CVJ CVJ 00 C7\ o 00 CVJ 00 in o •» in CO - 72 - o ir\o\ oo^ irv o o oo o oo o S95: O CTmH o oin t~- o o o o ovo o o oc» O^ rH O CJVO H o l>- oo o in t- o ovo •» •> •V n •» •k •> •k •» n •» •» •» n O ON O OJ CO H r-i OD- o a\ iH oo CM t-- - •> cvj in 1 CO o o t-VO CJ in CO in as H O O 0^ o oco o iniH O CVJVO 0•» •»•>•» OOO rH O cot>- CO CVJ CVJCVJrH 1 coco t«-vo 1 o o o ovo CO OVO^ O a\r-i •» •» •» o 1 o 1 vo O CVJ CO cvi I I I I o in o^ O CVJ in CVJ I b- I G\ •V O C^ CVJ o •p o in o\ iH e o u o •H B •H 4^ CO •H P Xi m «H CVJ in iH in a\ o in •crv O O CVJ o moo o invo ovo CO o^ o\ in a\vo •» •> •V •> •» -=t t>- c^~^^ •::t ON tnOO rH 1 1 in coco I 1 oo rH o ino int>-vo OOO o iniH O CVJ ON •« •» •>•»•» in^ OJj=f 00 iH in CVJ CO coo iH i O O CVJ O cob- o t-co O CVJ in in in O OrH o o in in CVJ rH in^ ON ovo moo o o o o t--vo o in in O CVJ rH o 1 o 1 iH O CVJ invo 00 O O O •» o o in CO o O o O o o o^ •» nON o O •» o vo iH 1 H COOJ 1 CVJ o o o o O tr- •* •» O ON in CVJ CO 00 O in cvi •» CVJ I I I I I I o in O CO o o o in I CO I CVJ vo ^~ iH O o o o I H I I VO I •» CO CM O O O o I o I CM o vo H w CO H fa CO w H O CO Xi •p o s o faO u •p rH •o < hOcd »H t\ ba rH C •» Ufi CQ (D H W ,bO ^ 5J >» C kJ W Fm tH CD fe Pc, •« o a CO & o at fH +3 rH 3 < •O C bOcd C •H bO rH C U «H O iH bO J^ >> a rt fa PC4 >< (0 •p CQ iH rH rJ iH 73 •H <: bO o iH Pi x: bc o C C.H 0) rH u u fa (4 bO iH C !>>'H CO rH S i^ C (1) > bo bns^t c Wfa -p o iH +> p bDrH xi J^iH {Q H >»C ^ o CtJ ^ rH bO >» PJ 5^ -H -O •H (U "O 0) hD y-i 'O fafai: C >H< F^ Wfa< 0} 0 13 J!s! (d o S •H 04 - 73 - o ■P 0) < CVJ o o oo ooo OO o OOO m o o\ o in o o in mm O m-::t (J\ CVI r-i O ON o \r\o\ t^ON OOO t--C\J •» •> •\ •» •> •» •k "V •>•»•%•» C^CVJ OD- C\J o m^ o mm-=j- 1 1 H J O t^ -:d- 1 O rH 1 1 ojvo m 1 1 1 fH iH •H 1 VO-:t 1 1 O-rHO CJ VO rH CO OO r-i-=)r CJ o OO 0 0 mm 00 mo 0 o 90 0 0 iHVO 0 G\ COrHVO m Or-I CO 00 c^ 0 H OOCTkCTN •» •k "N •» •V "X •» •V •> •»•*•» ^ OJro c^ 0 miH mn CJO CO CVJ 1 1 1 o\a 1 1 0 moo C-- CVJ 1 UDU^rH 1 1 1 i-i 1 1 r-i CVJ ONrH • CTNOJ H ro 0 00 00 0 0 m 0 0 mo 0 00 0 m Or-lt>~ 0 0 mcvj 0 m^ 0 CO 0 CVJ C-- m mt-o •» n ^ •» •» •> "V •> •t •\ •> •» CVI C--0 r-i CO CTNCTvO rH VO 0 CJN t>- J 1 1 1 0^ 1 t— •^ ON CO 1 1 CO CVJ iH 1 i 1 1 iH rH 1 00^ CVJ 1 « mc-- CVJ 00 0 00 t>- 0 000 00 0 00 ^- 0 0 mco t-CJN VO ovovo m ON CO CVJ •> •» •» •*•>•> •» n n "4 CVJ::t ::t m'.o CO as ^ t>-CVJ 1 1 1 « 00 m 0 1 CO t>-=t CO 1 1 ^00 H 1 t 1 t CVJ 1 1 t-rH rH 1 1 ONO CO 00 m 0 000 000 00 t- 0 0 CVJVO OVOVO 00^ 0 000 G\ C^CTvO •»•%•» •V •»•»•> •»•»•> 0 c^m CVJ 000^ ^ 000 1 1 1 « rHOOO 1 1 m moo m 1 1 0^ 1 1 1 » CO 1 1 -:*^ 1 • 0 fH CO 00 00 00 mo VO «H VO CVJ •k »\ (M ON ^ CO O O O O I o I r- VO 00 o o o o 1 o I ^ o o CVJ O o o m I CO ) H o o o o I o I CVJ m CO CVJ s o G fH a to bO CO bO bO bO •O bO 0 c C ft fl CJ ^C! 0) C N •H bO •H bO 0 -H bO •H bO O-H bO rH T< bO«H •H C C rH C 0 H C rH C fitf-i c X H C CO U Ti ? Ufi r-i j:« tH <1> P* -H Cf^ ^ 0 ^ -H 0 tH 4i 0 »C nJ ^ i >» CJ (d CO to C oJ bO to •H Q) -O UTi (U bD'H < •vWfa>H •.p :.fe >H •*:*>* rH 0 0 0 0 0 •H P. CO l: 1: EH 13 U Eh £ fcO>» bOfn CO VO •> ON !>- ^- •> o CO 00 o VO o ON 00 CO OJ «\ CVJ C-- CVJ •» CJ C7N CO 00 o o 00 o 00 t- 00 CO VO o VO CJN VO bO bo •H Ti CJ - n - THE COMMERCIAL FISHING INDUSTRY In 1954 the Ontario commercial fishermen harvested the largest catch of fish In the history of the Industry, over forty seven and one-half million ' pounds. Although 1954 was the third consecutive year showing an Increased catch. It was also the fourth consecutive year In which the average price per pound for all fish marketed decreased significantly. In 1951 the average price per pound was 22.7 cents; In 1952, 19*5 cents; In 1953, 15.7 cents; and In 1954, 14,7 cents. The actual return for 1954 was just over seven million dollars, only a few thousand dollars greater than the total for 1953> although there was a 6.3 percent Increase In the 1954 catch. Changes In composition of the catch, as well as lower prices contributed to the lowering of the average price. The decrease of three and one -third million pounds In the whlteflsh catch and of two million pounds In t\ blue pickerel catch was offset by an Increase of three and one-half million pounds of perch and over four million pounds of white bass. Prices paid for white bass and perch were much below whlteflsh and blue pickerel prices. The fishery continued to maintain a healthy attitude of Increasing efficiency both in fishing techniques jind in processing and marketing. The results of scientific research were carefully followed by the fishermein. A high degree of interest was evidenced in sesirching for new techniques and in a very definite effort to improve the quality of the product. Better icing, packing and handling methods were adopted generally by many fishermen. There was 6.n increase in facilities for quick freezing of consumer-sized packages of fillets and dressed fish. An increase of high quality quick-frozen fish was noted in the Ontario markets, which has not only increased demand for the product but has provided new home markets for these fish in Cauiadian retail stores. Increased co-operative effort in the fishery was marked by a continuation of the trend from the fisherman marketing his own catch to large scale collective marketing. Nylon continued to be the most popular textile fibre for gill nets and is being used in increasing amounts for other types of gear. The use or newer or less expensive netting materials for the making of nets received the - 75 - Interest ol' the fishery. In Lake Erie conversion to trap nets from pound nets was contlnuea ema there was an increase from ten to fifteen In the maximum number of trap nets which were permitted unaer one licence. in iyi?4 tne Department announced a reduction of fees for the pound net and trap net fisneiry m Ontario, in Lake Krie the licence fee per net was reduced from ;j>40.00 to $30,00 and the remainder of the Province from $50.00 to $40.00 per net. The adjustment In fees came as a relief to the fishermen who were faced by rising costs of materials and labour and by lower values per pound for their fish. In Lake Erie, record catches of perch (7,248,6^1 pounds) and white bass (6,152,850 pounds) over-supplied the market and resulted In reduced returns to the fisherman for his efforts. A reduction of two-thirds In whlteflsh catch caused considerable hardship for those fishermen located In areas where whlteflsh Is the main or only fish usually available In quantity. Continuing high production of blue and yellow pickerel raised the total Lake Erie catch to 28,912,056 pounds, and offset the unfavourable effect of the lower prices received for the perch and white bass. Whlteflsh production In the Georgian Bay dropped from the 1953 level of six million pounds to 3,692,025 pounds, and marked the end of the phenomlnal Increase In production which Is believed to have been based largely upon a single year class of the fish. Yellow pickerel landings were up considerably. In Lake Erie 28^ to 2,925*004 pounds and in Lake Ontario 52$^ to 113,604 pounds. Lake Trout taken In the Province dropped to 1,561,922 pounds with Lake Superior production down Q% to 1,266,237 pounds and northern Inland waters down to 120,093 pounds £uid Georgian Bay catch decreased fifty percent to 153*900 pounds. - 76 - COHflPARATIVS STATilffiNT OF THE YIELD OF THE FISHERIES IN THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO, BY LAICE, IN POUNDS LAICS 1953 1954 INCREASE DECREAjSE Ontario 2,059,489 1,914,153 145,336 Erie 23,389,319 28,912,056 5.522,737 St, Olalr 983,332 1,020,590 37,258 Huron 1,395,636 1,463,394 67,758 Georgian Bay- 6,876,311 4,291,881 2,584,430 North Channel 457,751 394,626 63,125 Superior 2,770,514 2,890,194 119,680 Northern Inland 6,079,570 6,080,193 623 Southern Inland 826,650 711,816 114,834 TOTAL 44,838,572 47,678,903 5,748,056 2,907,725 NET INCREASE 2,840,331 - 77 - COI,lPi\RATIVE STATmiENT OF THE YIELD OF TKS FISHilRIES IN THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO, BY SPECIES, IN POUNDS SPECIES 1953 1954 INCREASE DECREASE Bullheads 865,179 836,643 28,536 Carp 1,383,564 1.427,787 44,223 Catfish 294,755 331,787 37,032 Caviar 2,335 2,144 191 Dogfish; Alewives & Gar Pike 82,868 100,568 17,700 Eels 59,547 80,115 20,568 Gold Eyes 33,774 87,076 53,302 Herring 1,149,315 1,374,917 225,602 Ling 457,664 426,228 31,436 Menominee 11,015 12,703 1,688 Perch 4,628,588 8,202,567 3,573,979 Pickerel, Blue 10,399,422 8,209,830 2,189,592 Pickerel, Yellow 4,649,590 5,195,933 546,343 Pike 964,471 1,148,116 183,645 Rock Bass; Crappies 84,824 65,871 18,953 Saugers 249,716 212,399 37,317 Sheepshead 848,530 853,494 4,964 Smelt 1,325,883 1,549,923 224,040 Sturgeon 193,487 171,843 21,644 Suckers 1,567,602 1,484,694 82,908 Sunfish 469,123 376,426 92,697 Trout, Lake 1,862,044 1,561,922 300,122 Tullibee 844,824 920,042 75,218 vaiite Bass 2,196,536 6,202,235 4,005,699 Whitefish 10,213,916 6,843,640 3,370,276 TOTjU. 44,838,572 47,678,903 9,014,003 6,173,672 NST INCREASE 2,840,331 - 78 - COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE NmiBER OF COMMERCIAL FISHING LICEI\[CES ISSUED TYPE OF LICENCE 1953 1954 INCREASE DECREASE 53 1 6 42 1 Gill net 1,098- 1,045 Pound and Trap nets 184 185 Hoop nets 287 293 Coarse Fish Seines 170 168 Baited Hooks 160 202 Dip nets 31 32 Trolling 30 26 Trarnmel net 1 1 Minnow Seines, Dip nets and Traps Tor taking minnows for sale to anglers. 1,137 1,248 111 TOTAL 3,098 3,200 161 59 NET INCREASE 102 - 79 - c^ -*vOtO vOr^ HvO vOO 00 to OnO to o nOOnCO OH vOO c^cM H UN CM 00 ■OUN OOCJN o irv r-tr^ O^UN to UN r^so O UN OCM HO-4 O UN CM UN «»>nO UN tOCNJ UNO OO to CO vO OJvO tr\ UN\0 00-4 UN NO 00 UN OnO UN UN HCM to o<^ H ^ CM -4-4 -*<> OCJN H )_j «k •« M •* • M » «« •h «)i a^ M «k *M c\ rNCO c^ CM ^:5 UN UN HO COM OO UN to :! NO H O H O -4 o CM 0*-4 UN UN H ■«f»i nO CM to H EH CM <*• d <» ONCM ■«» ■««i •«» <»»> <> 4» S 1 aw vO -*o CMO OO CJN UN O O r^ O O OvO CJnO UNO UNO -* §§ ■ CM UN O O OO UN UN <»NO<^ UN^ HO S -O H UN O OJ r>, H-4 UNvO -4'^ On-* CM UN CTn O o Ph ?- •« •* •k «« «k M «« a^ «k s3 M H H (»NCM CJN CM Cvl UN -4 -4 ~* s t- nOHO r>-uN OOH HO to UN OnOO OH -*:i OCM OO OO CMO UN o 00 -*o ttO<»\ UNO UN to O^O <»NC7N CNJCTnO UNO r^H <»NO CM to tOCjN O H UN o v£> CMH CJnCM OO CM-* -* c^ O HH UN — CO H C^ OC>- to CNlr^ nOH o -4 O CM H ON UN \O00 UN H nO ON o C^H -* H OsOO to UN UN UN UNrq O COM HUN vO C^ON <»NC<- UNC>- c^ f-\r-{ UNnO c^ f-iit\ CM-* -* MM •« M «k «k « « •« •k «b « «« 3^ H"^ vO to OCM -4 ON -4 CJN to vOr-T UN •S CJN -* ^ vO H c^c^ UN CJN H UN On UN H r^ c^. OnO CM f^ f*N -* -4 h" (»NH -* H c^o UN UN t*NO nOOO OUN HO OO HO O C«- HUN (»NO \0 UN HO UN O UN H"N HO CM UN O ON UN CM 00 (JNCJN HO UN 00 CJN -4 ak •» •k •% «« «% M •k « M mk »^ . UN CM H H -4 vO <»N_4 -4-H H to UN 00 CM CM UN ^ H 2 iTv -*Heo .*o C^O O UN too HUN CM OO O UN H'r\ c^o CJN UN CMO C^ H r^ to C»* CM O \0 r^ H rr\ CM CM HUN CM nO CM f^ UN o<5 «« M •» M •« ■% <» <«» M ^ UN vO UNO CJN H CvT r^ UN nO CM o UN -*-4 vO O NO H 00 w vO H UN -4 H H H nO o H H O o -to -4-0 vO o HO UNO r^O OO CMO c^o UNO O ,<2i -4- CM UNO CM O o OUN O HO OO CM UN OJ r^r^ UN MO M CM to -4- o vO f»N to HnO e*\H C»J o O O W« M w« M *i fl« M M •k •k «k M CM r>- H -tUN (»N -4 nO nO O to ^ ^ C^ v£) Osr^ ■A -* -* to H ^H UN wM C^ -*MO OnO CM UN O O C^O CMO CM NO UNO CM O H C^ cr>o HO CMvO OsO -40 O OJtO HUN ^^J O nO gg o C^ ^ O UN H fn CJN NO UN CM am M M M •t •« M •k M « CM C^ UN <^H -4 r^ 00 ON H UN r^ CM\0 CM H CVi r^ o CM Ol « ON C^iHO HO OUN CJNOJ OO CM O ON UN to O c^uN O o to HCOO to O -*H OOJ CM O ^^ UN UN 0-* OO 00 MM rvj (*Nr^ CVJ -4 f»NO UN <» to eo HC^ CO ag •» * «% •» «, •» «k M •k CNi CJN O -4 UN UN CM to «*> nO Hi P^ O UN H sO -4- CM -4 r»j NO 00 S CM H r^c^N H 00 1 M -4- too CMr^ C^UN OC«N vOOO nO o -40 o« HUN OO »*NUN r^n^ NO Ps M MCMO OC^ 00 r^ UN UN -4r'N O OO c^cM UN CM CM to ON ^^ O r-iO\ H»^ CslOO lAH -4 o r^ CM CM HUN rH>-i HCJN H « g f^ f»N ^ H UN ON c<\ H vO OH UN •^ o r^ W O H C>- 00 vO fA =«* •«> 4» 00 -* -» NO EhQ ■ <^ H «> ^H ■C* -f% -0^ <(»' nO °1 =«» •0> ■0^ ai-3 0 CO a> (D V ID (D a> V • 00 0 • :3 • 3 T) S> • 0 • s« • ;! • tj 3 M 3 • =» • s • 3 • 3 • 3 • 3 O drH a o^ OH a > HO > > > Ht> Kt> t» > > > > »> eo CO (-1 -p a (0 o o t> a n M o (D CD H OB 00 Eh S co-o ID a> 00 H p ^ d (D ^ ^9 U Oh •5 m M +J n ■p CQ n 00 p a S H a> a 1- aJ OB ■O n 00 g o O O H W t E-t (0 •i • o (D fl a fl 9 ■H o SSa, n 3 a o «> O U O t3 g 5^ ■P g^ Pi P< 8 5 •a A H O E S CO s^ +J ^ i wo O a K-H o u 0) •H •H M ^ H o en-* CM D C0C5 Ph Eh n 00 a (^ Eh Oi a S H pmpm o o to -* A o C^ cr\ \0 'S\ o tn -4- cv -o C\J (^ o -* CM to CTn vf\ sO ir\ »rv 5 r«- o i-i if\ O to CO -* ON OJ CO vO H CVi H H to -* UN -* vO rf\ -* H o o -* to >rv -* vO (^ c^ o C\i ir\ to C- A "% ^ to OS ITV C^ f»^ u> vO ON -4- H <-i to £>- vn IV C^ CvJ r- (V Eh « ^ ^ O g H i^ S'm O f=( o Pq O P4 o ^.s s EH H H ;^ g 3 o & H S" d M r'^i f»A ir» vO H CVJ so o to -* o kTi cv o\ f^ -* vO -4- I^H 12; Eh PU WATER POLUTION CONTROL The study of water pollution and its relationship to fish and wildlife has continued to be a function of the Department in cooperation with the Department of Health and other agencies concerned with water uses. The need for pollution control has increased with the continuing popu- lation growth, since new pollution problems continue to arise as industrial and urban expansion goes on, while at the same time the pressure on fish and wildlife resources increases. This need is revealed, too, in other uses of water, and has led to active coordination of both administrative and field efforts through the successful functioning of the Pollution Control Board and the resultant inter-departmental liaison. It has been possible during the past year to concentrate on problems which are primarily the responsibility of the Department, while other problems with Public Health and other implications, are studied by the Sanitary Engineering Division of the Department cSf Health. The objectives for pollution control serve all interests regardless of which agency under- takes to carry out the necessary study. While the sources of pollution vary as widely as do manufacturing processes, much of the effort this year was confined to a few industries. The study of the disposal of pulp and paper and mining wastes was the most important undertaking in Northern Ontario, while canning, metal-working and gravel washing were studied at length in Southern Ontario- Cannery wastes continue to present the most widely distributed and difficult problems, although gravel washing operations continue to expand and cause concern. Forty-one investigations were made through the year, varying from detailed studies to routine examinations and consultations. Many studies were necessarily continuous, since waste treatment and control can only be feasibly undertaken as an integral part of the manufacturing process. The active participation and the advice of field personnel of the Forestry Districts throughout the Province formed the basis, in most cases, for commencing and carrying out the field studies. As in previous years, the attitude toward those industries which create pollution problems was to - 82 - - 2 - promote voluntary control measures, rather than to enforce existing legislation. This approach has been Justified to date although may require modification as the water-use problems become intensified with the continuing industrial and urban expansion in the Province. Pollution Investigations 1954 - 55 Number Type of Industry of Investigations Mining - 12 Pulp and Paper - 5 Canning - 3 Gravel Washing - 3 Metal -working - 3 Oil - 4 Chemical Processing - 1 Pollution Control Board Hearings - 2 Algae - 3 General - 5 41 - 83 - ENFORCEMENT It Is the primary responsibility of this section to see that the provisions of the following legislation and regulations are complied with, viz: The Game and Fisheries Act and the Regulations adopted thereunder, the Ontario Fishery Regulations promulgated in accordance with The Fisheries Act (Canada), and The Migratory Birds Convention Act and Regulations, also a federal enactment. A field staff of some 190 Conservation Officers are placed at strategic points throughout the province to protect fish and wildlife against violations; assist in many phases of conservation and manage- ment work and at all times be good public relations officers. The officer's task is not always a pleasant one and he is frequently re- quired to spend many dreary hours in soaking rain and plodding through bush deep in snow. Most people consider the officers get paid for a Job that they consider fun or recreation. The dividing line between work and pleasure is hard to define, but any Job done day after day becomes work, though it still may be enjoyable. For all this, the sportsmen will find the officer of wonderful assistance in the field and the violator will find him hard but Just. The following is a synopsis of three average cases within a week in different parts of the province brought to satisfactory conclusion by our Conservation Officers. (a) Two Conservation Officers were making a routine check on anglers' catches around Lake Nipissing. They came across 7 men packing their car to return home. Hidden under a false floor of their station wagon were metal trays containing 489 iced pickerel and 72 pike. The officers seized the fish, car, 4 tackle boxes and 2 outboard motors. Each man was convicted and paid a fine of $50.00 and costs. Their fish- ing equipment and outboard motors were confiscated and the car released upon payment of a $400.00 assessment. (b) A Conservation Officer and an O.P.P. constable on patrol on Highway 65 were startled one day to see a car racing along with men on each front fender and another on the running board. They all had loaded - 84 - weapons and were shooting at any animal or bird they saw - without re- gard for the public or property. All were convicted and fined, and their weapons were confiscated for this display of unsportsmanlike con- duct. (c) Knowing of Illegal sale of lake trout In the Lake Slracoe area, an officer was making continuous round the clock checks to obtain definite Information, With a warrant he searched a fishmonger's house and seized 6o lake trout. Calling in other officers, they spread out and actually caught during the n4.ght two men docking with 93 lake trout weighing 800 lbs., and 400 yds. of gill netting. All three were con- victed and fined $600.00 each. SEIZURES During the year there was a total of 3*005 cases in which equipment was seized by reason of the fact that the articles were being used in various ways responsible for infractions of the legislation and regu- lations. Following are details of the officers responsible for these seizures, - Conservation Officers 2,397 cases Provincial Police Constables 10 " Joint Action; Conservation Officers and O.P.P. 63 Conservation Officers and Deputy Game Wardens 528 Conservation Officers and R.C.M.P. 7 598 " J 3,005 " In 125 of these cases the seizures were made from persons unknown, mainly Involving traps and fishing equipment which had been set and left in an \mlawful manner. It was therefore impossible for the officers to develop definite evidence regarding the ownership of these articles and they were confiscated. The articles seized in these 3,005 cases ranged from a costly aeroplane to a pair of scissors. Listed below are the most numerous seized articles, - - 85 - Angling equipment Pish Game (animals and birds) Nets and fishing gear Firearms Traps and snares Pelts and hides Lights Spears Tackle boxes Motor vehicles Watercraft Ferrets (live) Outboard motors Aircraft Miscellaneous articles More details concerning some of these seizures are enumerated below: m 755 435 cases II 205 11 182 11 1,498 places 335 II 293 11 101 II 82 II 52 II 34 n 33 II 23 It 19 11 2 It numerous pieces Firearms Shotguns 664 Small-bore rifles 574 Big-bore rifles 244 Combination 10 Air rifles 4 Pistols 2 Pelts and Hides Squirrel 104 Muskrat 100 Beaver 57 Weasel lb Mink 4 Lynx 3 Wolf 3 Fisher 3 Fox 2 Bear 1 Miscellaneous These articles Include htmtlng knives, haversacks, landing nets, dogs, creels, minnow palls, snaggers, cooler, fish stringers, gas cans, gaff, sleeping bag, decoys, axes, suitcase. Ice chisels, turtle traps, minnow traps, dynamite, anchor, parka, scissors, bow and arrow, waders, scale, stove;, steel barrels, live bear and a live eagle, PROSECUTIONS The Information contained In the following tables emphasize one phase of enforcement and the necessity for the maintenance of a capable and efficient staff to perform these duties. - 86 - INFORMATIONS LAID By Whom Seizures Investigations Total Conservation Officers 3»050 Oe P<» P. Constables 10 224 3,274 10 3,060 224 3,284 RESULT OP PROSECUTIONS By Whom Convictions Dismissed Withdrawn Total Conservation Officers 3,092 0, P. P. Constables 10 102 80 3,274 10 3.102 102 80 3i28^ It Is noted that our officers and O.P.P. Constables obtained 3,102 convictions out of 3,284 Informations laid, or 94j^. Dismissals were due, mainly to Insufficient evidence and withdrawals were made, princi- pally because they were the second of two charges laid against the respective violators, to assure the registration of a conviction and the Imposition of an adequate penalty. While a large percentage of these cases was for infractions of a minor nature, there were many deliberate and flagrant violations in which severe penalties were imposed and confiscation of valuable articles was subsequently authorized in accordance with Section 76 (l) of the Game and Fisheries Act. Violations like that are serious and some of them ares a b; c dj e^ f; k Jacklightlng fish, deer, moose, game, etc. Him ting, trapping or fishing in Preserves and Parks Illegal netting of fish Transference of a licence Obstructing an officer Illegal possession of fur Shooting swimming deer or moose Killing deer or moose in closed season Bartering venison or moose meat - 87 - GENERAL Under the provisions of Section 76 (l) of The Geime and Fisheries Act, articles are seized for various Infractions, and upon conviction, become the property of the Crown, and are sold by the Department, Wliere Infractions of a minor nature are Involved the persons concerned, following disposition of the Informations which were laid, have been provided with an opportxmlty to redeem the articles seized from them on payment of a specified fee assessed by the Department for the return of such articles. This arrangement applies principally to firearms and fishing tackle. However, there Is a percentage of offences In which the circum- stances are sufficiently serious to warrant the definite confiscation to the Crown of the seized articles. These confiscated articles are disposed of by the Department at annual public sales, fishing tackle and miscellaneous articles In the spring and firearms In the fall, and which sales during the period under review were conducted In the re- spective areas In which the offences which resulted in the seizures had occurred. Two sales of confiscated articles were held during the year under review, the fishing tackle and miscellaneous articles in the spring, 8Lnd the gun sale in the fall. The receipts obtained from the 195^ tackle sale was $2,l44.40 and the gun sale $7* 094,75 • - 88 - SECTION NO. 4 DIVISION of FOREST PROTECTION DIVISION OF FOREST PROTECTION The 1955 fire season was considerably below average due to a rather late spring and the absence of any prolonged periods of high hazard. A total of 881 fires burned an area of 5^,693 acres consisting of 25 J 289 acres of mature growth, 5>0^-3 acres of young growth and the balance of recent cut-over, old burn and non-forested land. Compared with the preceding year the number of fires was less by 639 and was less than the average of the preceding five years by 386. Eighty-eight per cent of the fires were confined to an area of less than ten acres each. Seven fires which burned In logging slash and dry grass accounted for 85 per cent of the burned area, occurring In late May eind early June. Lightning led in fire cause, being the origin of 252 fires or 28 per cent and burned 62 per cent of the total area© Campers led the list of human agencies with 221 fires and together with smokers totfiLLled 368, ac- counting for 31 per cent of the area burned » The largest fire of the season occurred In pulpwood slash in the White River district burning 1^,811 acres or 25 per cent of the total area burned* This occurrence again emphasizes the difficulties of fire control in large unbroken areas of logging slash. Fire Danger Conditions The comparatively late spring breaJc-up was followed during late May and early June by a brief period of high hazard centering in the Whit* River, Kapuskasing, Gogama, Cochrane and North Bay districts. It was during this period that the above-mentioned seven slash fires occurred. During the latter part of June and into July, precipitation dropped considerably below normal. As a result, 313 fires occurred during the month of July, all of which were held to an average of 2.7 acres per fire. From early August throughout the balance of the season, normal conditions of fire danger prevailed. Forest Fire Prevention Publicity & Education The continuous forest fire prevention programmes being carried on throughout the districts are of great value. Direct contact with the travelling public through the employment of check points and control gates has proven most effective. In this work the Forest Travel Permit plays a very important part and for this reason considerably more Importance was placed upon this means of fire prevention, particularly in the Western Region. Daily forest fire press releases were given prominence in the press, radio and television. To these agencies, we owe a debt of gratitude for a fine presentation of forest fire information to the public in accordance with actual daily conditions. For the first time, television stations took cameras and sound equipment to the fire areas. Such on-the-scene recorded fire fighting action provides very effective fire prevention material. - 1 - Conventional aircraft and helicopters were used extensively on fire prevention work in settlements, tourist, camping and blueberry areas, difficult to reach by other means. The aerial loud speaker for transmitting messages from the aircraft to people on the ground was employed to good advantage. During July, two courses of instruction in fire fighting organization and techniques were given, one in the East and the other in the v^rw3terly part of the Province, Sponsored by the Forest Industry and the Depart- ment, some 153 men representing key protection personnel were given instruction. Since employees of woods operators are our best fire fighters, these men, further instructed by the supervisors attending the courses became an extremely important fire protection ally. District meetings with summer operators including forest industry! tourist operators, railways and others, held just prior to the fire season, provides a valuable exchange of views and a statement of fire protection plans for the coming season. This has become ah annual procedure of considerable merit a Spring meetings with bordering forest protectionists from Manitoba, Quebec and Minnesota are held annually and serve to iron out many problems encountered at the border, including initial action on fires, payment i of fire fighters, compensation, communication and detection facilities and [ other items contributing materially to mutual aid. Forest Fire Suppression Through a co-operative arrangement with the Department of Ref om I Institutions, inmates of the Burwash Industrial Farm were made available for fire fighting o A group of fifty men were given instruction in fire fighting procedure© Under guards furnished by the Industrial Farm, the prisoners were employed in crews of ten men as required. They were permitted to travel by any means other than aircraft and to be employed within a radius of fifty miles of the Institution, A token payment of one dollar per day while on fire fighting duty was permitted. This experiment proved highly successful and it is hoped that the arrangement may be continued and expanded in succeeding years, I Two helicopters were employed on forest protection work through- out the season. This type of aircraft serves a very useful purpose for getting i to otherwise difficult fire locations with men and equipment in the shortest [ possible time. Helicopters, employed as a supplement to the Department's fleet of Beaver and Otter aircraft, have become an essential fire protection item. The principle of maintaining the fire protection organization completely flexible on a province-v/ide basis, as a means of complete internal mutual aid in personnel and materials, was continued. The procedure of carrying a small equipped fire fighting force in air patrol during periods of high hazard and following lightning storms has been found so effective as to become standard practice. Aerial bombing of fires with paper containers holding three gallons of water was further perfected, A new type of parachute for cargo dropping was developed and under test found to be satisfactory. Various items of new equipment including a new forest fire pump showing considerable promise were tested. Every effort was made to keep abreast of the latest developments in forest fire protection both in Canada and elsewhere in order that each new item might be fully assessed, - 2 - Radio Communications The Department's Radio Communications System totalling ll6 ground radio stations and associated equipment handled, during the year 195^f a total of 57>972 messages totalling a word count of 1,^^2,766. This was a decrease of ifo over 1953 totals. Province-wide operation of the system is provided over six regionally assigned frequencies, 3309, ^MO^ ^520, ^535, ^580 and hQQO kilocyclts, For long distance communications to the Western, Midwestern, and Northern regions 5^10 and 9l60 Kilocycles are used also with still another frequency ^■775 kilocycles being reserved for, and used entirely by, the forty- three Depart- mental aircraft. To provide improved and more efficient internal district communications, the System will gradually be chsmged over to ^^ Megacycle V.H.F. equipment and a start was made this year when Parry Sound and Sudbury districts were converted. The following radio equipment was used during 195^J Tower Radio Sets 31^- Mobile Radio Stations 27 Marine Radio Stations 10 Portable Ground Sets (i watt) 150 Portable Ground Sets (2i watts) 111 30 Watt Ground Radio Stations 106 75 Watt Ground Radio Stations 2 100 Watt Ground Radio Stations 2 150 Watt Ground Radio Stations 7 300 Watt Ground Radio Stations 2 500 Watt Ground Radio Stations 8 Aircraft Radio Installations ^3 Aircraft Ground Hailer Units 19 Forest Insect and Disease Protection Close observation of forest insect and disease conditions throughout the Province formed an important part of this Division's activities. The work of several Divisions is directly affected by insect and disease activity, particularly that of Timber Management and Reforestation. Consequently, most control programmes are co-operative in nature and require the active participation of field staffs of all Divisions. Programmes directed toward control of white pine blister rust in the Lindsay and Tweed districts and the European pine sawfly in the Lake Erie and Lake Huron districts were of this type. White pine blister rust control is effected by the removal of ribes species, the alternate host plant of the rust. The work is carried on by groups of men systematically covering the area, uprooting the ribes plants by hand or using a type of grub hoe. Current interest in reclaiming white pine lands along with an expanding white pine planting programme has greatly enhanced the importance of the Tweed and Lindsay projects as no previous guide to costs to be expected under Ontario conditions existed. The effort to control the European pine sawfly, a serious pest of Scotch and Red pine in the Lake Erie and Lake Huron districts, using a virus disease which is introduced to the insect population by both ground and aerial spraying was continued. It is hoped and expected that further spread of this insect will thus be prevented. - 3 - Forest Insect and Disease Protection (cont^d) In addition, research programmes carried on by the Division of Forest Biology, Dominion Department of Agriculture, received our constant attention. Of particular and immediate concern are the chemical control experi- ments, concerned with the European pine shoot moth, carried on at Northumberland County Forest in the Lindsay district and the research pro;Iects concerned with the spruce budworm carried on at field stations in the Port Arthur and Kenora districts. The discovery of the pine root collar weevil in the Lake Simcot district was of particular interest since no previous record of this insect's presence in Ontario is recorded o Detailed biological studies supplemented by a chemical control project of an experimental nature were immediately initiated and will continue until a satisfactory solution is found. The field staff of this Department continued to contribute to the Forest Insect and Disease Survey, a project of the Division of Forest Biology (Canada). The introduction of more intensive management practices through- out the Province has emphasized the increasing importance of the biological phase of forest protection activities. - 4 - ca Q> & o %i o JO n c o s >* O d ® •d s H I o oa o Pi O < O I H © Hi a ea <*> CT^ CO f*\ r*\ C> o 00 nO CM CM CM H H y\ "LA \A H <*\ CM r^ O^ c^ C\ OS O UN 1A r>- sO O <*N CM O O o c^ >o UN CM O O % t ak <^ « nO H H CM O f*N ^ 00 <*> f- H t>- O -=!• \A q H m H H -d- H 2i # 00 UN H O UN U\ UN O CM <*N c*N O UN CM H CM nO o ■P n I 4i O © Xi O o o o H c^ c^ SD CM CM 00 OS t*\ 0 o CO <*N UN 00 c^ o OS ^ CM c^ o c^ o 00 00 u% o CM UN 0^ CO 00 a E-i O - 5 - o o ca •d ■ v\ h o OJ t^ <*% 00 c- O H M? 0^ 0^ CVJ \A CM ^ u> sO -d- Co- H <^ vO c^ r- Fh CK -d- <*% cm lA o CO "lA o u\ lA c^ o O H CM f^ <: -d- •k c^ «k -d- H 1 CO \A H O j± H c^ H 00 cm H 3 H r^ H CM H n ® u O CM I lA H © ^ m o < H o CQ ® O < £ to * cd J5 H •H a -d- lA •k CM CM XA H O H H c^ f^ fi e<\ H tA 00 CM 00 00 r^ c^ CO CO \A f^ H c^ CM t^ c^ vO H vO >o **> ON 00 H o H 00 H 03 O •P 0$ u o o W) bO O Hi f^ 00 o iH \A -d- O <*% H CM CM \0 H O «k C7> CO CM » CO t^ 00 o H CM O CM O H O ^ "^ O c^ O «V H H CM 3^ <*> lA C> o CM C^ H lA H -d- O H CM Jd- CM t*- c^ 03 O •H -P Qt U O ft o bO C! •H d lA CM CM ^ "^ o B CO § 4^ O u 03 O o "d CO o « m d CO o l>» ^ ® s O +3 s ^ o H -d ® H fi p< ® » O n E H 03 00 a o CO • -d-o o • lA O H • O r^ \r\ \A rt ITS O CVJ CO -d- H C\J O^iz; CO f*\ H H CVJ • lA O H IfN O -id- • \A O H (4 •H 03 C- O lA CO 1? ^ ^ lA 00 H CM O^ C^ H CVJ \A CO H vO nO O ^A ^ ^ ^ 00 XA ^ CO c^ CVJ lA u o Qi o o o •p o n o cit o o u\ o o o H fri f4 b h «> O o o s S & s ea « O o o o o O O XA u g o H O 4* aa o O O O o o U o o o Q 5 s s a EH O EH - 7 - -d- c«- bD CM nO XA c^ UN CM H o O •« i» «« H C^ UN H H « E i O •H -P at o •H U •H 01 01 ctf H O O^ O o C> H O^ CM O UN CM UN CO •t •« •» % ^ H CO UN U\ 00 <*N H Qs CO O <*N UN vO 00 00 c^ 09 O ;:! 01 n o o o <{ u h o o 1 01 < < o •d 1 n •d a o c at a> -p u g oi <0 H > a ai o fi 43 6 fi izi o . 8 - a u c p m ra » o s: H ^ H 00 H H J- lA CM o 0^ ft 00 00 o 00 00 CO OO lA >o OO x> lA OO vO OO 00 Its O O^ nO lA r^ O XA OO CVJ f>- OO CT» (\J o H H lA CM !^ o ON \A \A sO OJ CO CVJ H vO H OO 00 rT lA <*> <\J lA CO OO OJ H XA \A ON c^ H 1-4 o o ^< a 0} In PQ bO O n b i " o •a +> o H o -P O fl n v< a •0*0 9 o » IB I ha © "d K O ^ o aM n I alK-4 a o 0«-i jH » o fc \A vO O I^ o ^ o rT H sO o r^ CO <*> « «k (*\ ^ O sO c^ lA ON t^ c^ vo ft ft CM H *n <^ CO O ft ft >H CM ON CO - 9 K u H o lA oo w O CO XA O ■P ft . u sO ^O O o CM H (*\ u H OvI H H -0 -:1- O ;Q VA XA r^ ^ ^ lA OJ 3- m UN r^ a 0) B) H H H CD cd OS ■P -P 4J o O O EH EH t^ ^ f^ CM VA XA 1J^ O O Ch H r< H ;z; oo o> lA H H o c^ oj XA tA H OJ XA <*N -d- -d- J- C^ XA 00 oo OO -d- H f-l ON « «^ iH H sO XA ^ ^O o o CVJ o CO <*% ^ « * o^ o nO 1-4 c^ XA CVJ lA XA o r- t^ o o OO VA • •k c^ sO *n H oo ^ oo XA 1-4 OJ lA c^ oo oo - d t4 o S 0) P4 Fi o O Ah PLh - 10 - CO CO M CO Eh w w K O o Eh <; Eh CO 'd o C tiO © 05 ^1 (D M H cd ■p 0) o *w -P EH O -H o o ^ Ah CO 'O C © o •H © rt +3 S M ed S^ )h [^ § iH n iH U +» © O -H O e m • Jh •H o © ^T- SP4 •a m © C C bO o © cd •H S bO •P a S Ih © P4 o M n TJ ^ 43 O O .H O S 3! • u o © fe (^ TJ CO © fl C bO o © cd •H S «) +9 a @ u © p< o a* 01 •H ^ +» c O ^ •H g s * Sh O © IS A. 00 CO 00 CO GO rvj 00 UN lA J- O lA \A vO XA H XA vO CO OO XA H O 10 CO sO O O c^ J- r^ ON J- O r^ ro c'N r'N r^ r<^ r'N rH C\J H O O iH o o CO o o O o H H O O U\ lA H C\J CVJ \A CVI o r- o •lA \A r^ >0 vO r- H OJ CM <\J o f- H vO vO ^i^ 1A CVJ CO 00 OJ c<\ XA vO XA c^ CO OJ CO 00 XA CVJ O CO H 3 >0 CO vO H CO 00 XA XA 3 CO XA •t H -=J- •> CO iS XA CVJ H co o o Jzt- r^ H ^ ^ H CO <^ CO CO CO C^ H r^ C^ o r- CM o O oo COCMCVJCMCMCOCVJCO O vO H vO o v£) -=!■ XA vO r- c*- r^ OO CO o r^ co C^ c^ XA XA t>- -d-<^*^<*^CO r^sOOO CO sO vO vO CO vO CM CO o r^ O r^ XA r<^ vO o t- vO t-- H XA XA ^ <^ CVJ H o c^ CO r- XA lA XA 1 XA 1 XA I XA 1 1 -zj- -=»■ 1 1 1 CVJ 1 1 O 1 CO r- ^ XA XA XA XA XA ^ ■^ -zj- -d- O O o< 0^ c^ o^ o o^ c^ H H H rH iH H H iH H - 11 - CO CVJ CO CVJ O CO CO o 0) K o a g g 03 XI »::) 0 a> O r^ H CO CVJ r^ (VJ • 01 ;3 o ;d 03 & §■ o ^ TJ H § ft & Q) W) f^ Oi (» •-miaiamN < o CO 10 m o o 2 on CM 01 •! ■n o 1 « CM 10* Ul £ 9 g 0) 10 10 (M •- - N 1 CM 1 - «M 10 « 01 « N n CO fit (- Z UJ H N m in o ■A (0 O - m 01 o 10 n 10 » - N n • • •".■•"•"• • - CM 01 o Oi UJ _i H — NNio- 1 Mo'VNoiNetfin CI N m m « o .- 1 • ■ 1 t t 1 1 « o TRUCKS AND AUTOS N « o> o CM — VI 10 10 n is i>or» inw— moioi «»i»>irt — N O in t O CM 01 10 n •- - ^ , , , -.-— CM ^miMmmN 1« o Ol N O N n in - « « 01 »- •< < O O d " 5 ■ iCM'-mi r«iOi --i 1 «r»N m r> • , CO .- in n wt UJ O Z ■< u o 10 Ol N (D - in ■ 1 N 1 1 ." « o - •- — CM « FIRE HOSE IN FEET OOO OOOONO ooo ooo Mom oooomo oino ooo o^N inrsNco^r^ r^tom lotA^ o o 0. " o o o o in o o 01 o o o o o m O O O O O O 0 O O O O O 01 r« o o o - n 0> .- 10 M -o.-NNOo«''tf>r<-r«i0ar« o 10 (0 m - a> 01 N CM CM « N CM 1 r« <» 01 CO • 01 CM CM »• •- n CM 10 PORT- POWER PUMPS ninnOm« s ^ lOO. UIO< UJ<< < = o 3 O 8 X 3 o in >■ K 3 CD O 3 V) < If 5 lA wt £ i > 3 « SI (5 z o U O , Ul z ' 5 ^ § « < u t; ^ Ul "^ oc I W Ul 5 X 5 s5 ti « 5 wt 3 O W -J -1 UJ i J 8 z < E O ", Si O 5 5 2 U. 4 Z M i H O - 13 - (Loss P I RE DAMAGE of standing timber oalculatei Districts CROWN Timber Damage Cu, Pt« $ Protection Charges PRIVATS Timber Damage Cu. Pt. $ ! Sioux Lookout 98,110 981.10 408.36 8,500 85.00 Kenora 23,665 236.65 74.35 6,335 63.35 Port Finances 6,10l|. 61. Oil. 15.30 - - Port Arthur 71^,252 7^2,52 1,428.67 60 .60 Geraldton • - - 14,200 1)|2.00 K^apuskasing k, 96i|., 000 if9»61{.0»00 36,305.85 - - Cochran© 1^.750 1|.7«50 8,606.42 - .. White River 34,332,830 143,328.30 84,154.63 3,680 36.80 Swastika 8,000 80.00 317.59 - - Sault Ste, Mari e lp.,263 i|12.63 350.02 16,074 160.74 Gogama Il.,9b9,l60 14.9,691.60 20,792.50 500 5.00 Chapleau 21^,185 2I4.I.85 86.22 m '( Sudbury 21,500 215.00 225.70 27,955 279.55 i North Bay 231^,610 2,346.10 3,333.20 2,398 23.98 1 Parry Sound 10,783 107.83 112.93 574 5.74 Pembroke 5,637 56.37 49.22 512 5.12 Tweed 5,873 58.73 88.77 1,607 16.07 Lindsay 188 1.88 11.80 792 7.92 Lake Simcoa - - - 600 6.00 195i|. Totals 21^,8214., 910 248,249.10 156,361.55 83,78? 837.87 1953 Totals 27,933,971 279,339.71 - 87,811.27 1 ,688,003 16,880.03 1952 Totals 1,1}.01,306 14,013.06 9,169.33 576, 888 5,768.88 - 14 - TABLE - 1951t on Value of Crown Dues only) Protection Charges TOTAL Timber Damage Cu. Pt. $ Protection Charges Total Damage Private Property Damage 1;8.00 106,610 1,066.10 456.38 1,522.48 w 37.UO 30, 000 300.00 111.75 411.75 - - 6,101^. 61.01; 15.30 76.34 •• S.OI; 71^.312 7l;3.12 1,436.71 2,179.83 1,200.00 71^.09 11;, 200 ll;2.00 74.09 216.09 - - I|.,96l4.,000 l;9,61;0.00 36,305.85 85,945.85 223,25 - U,750 I;Y*5D 8,606.42 8,653.92 8,210.00 32.82 1U»336,510 143,365.10 84,187.45 227,552.55 - 20.32 8,000 80.00 337.91 417.91 - 61.14.0 57,337 573.37 411.42 984.79 - - i|., 969, 660 49,696.10 20,792.50 70,489.10 1.00 - 21;, 185 241.85 86.22 328.07 mm 332.00 i;9,l4.55 494.55 557.70 1,052.25 750.00 117.1|.0 237,008 2,370.08 3,450.60 5,820.68 881.20 33.91^ 11,357 113.57 146.87 260.10; 2,130.00 - 6,11;9 61.49 49.22 110.71 - 10.88 7,1|.80 74.80 99.65 174.1^5 325.00 5.63 980 9.80 17.43 27.23 2,000.00 10.76 600 6.00 10.76 16.76 «. 792.68 24,908,697 249,086.97 157,154.23 406,241.20 15,650.45 9,81^2.62 29,621,971; 296,219.74 97,653.89 393,873.63 81,777.73 552.75 1,978,191; 19,781.94 9,722.08 29,504.02 31,347.25 - 15 - o o f^ g a •H o H «) ■P a a 0) •H ■p (i> +» ^1 o 01 o c ^^ a «) (0 n r-) Pn C! o cd ^ (D ■* to O H e>- o in CV} «o lO to in tr. in r-t to in o o o to •* c;> 00 o> to «o «o in to to CO to in 00 00 o H o IS CM in r-t O ts 00 o in 00 rH IS g CM O to i o CM to to CM CM ?3 to H to IS o iH CM IS r-i CM CM in oo « <-( rH rH 00 o o rH O O CM o o oo o o CVI o o CM O O 8 o O O o» o in CM o in TO o o to O O o o cs O rH 00 O in o o H O o to in CM 00 in s IN H rH to s to to H IS o H o IS § oT CM o •* CM of a* CM co" in in CM H 00 to 8 H in O in o CM in in O in to CA o O tn •H CM to ^ 00 H H CM 0> to in in CM CM CM r-{ in H 1 • ■ to to 1 CM (O a> 1 1 H rH CM « • ■ o» H ■p 3 s> m a o M o ^ §» IH 10 o p) fl d hH >• 0) 3 OJ ■p o n •H o «d ■p 0 (d fe ^ ■p 05 >4 W 3 W 1 Fh rH 01 0) f4 ■P ■P rH o •p •p Ctf a. -P a n rH P4 o a u rs rn o J3 od tH (D o s 0) (d cH o ^ 5 ^ w w |!h C5 W w o w CO o 0 t>> ^ w » ^ S ;d & 2 0] 01 tJ g fl ■p ^ T» 0 O •P cd o r^O m -4- OO (D • • • • u ITS ON -4-H (Q O u^to to c*\ 4>< CVJ <^o d H r-i 3 C)0 •p u o o ■p (D OQ ;^ •H O Q nOITV • • A OCM • • • C<\r-iO -*CM tOCM<*N -to o UMTsO • • • to iHO CM CMrH ^ 0 »r\rH ITNC^ J2; H u> w> O UN H -4-0 Hu> (0 Oif\ vOtO • 0 vr\r^ >. 03 cHO vOiH 0 OWN nO vf\ H u • • • • «) 0 -4-0 vOCN O ol «^nO HvO n co^ ^vO •H m CM r-K «-l -tO HunO vor^iHOC^c^ 000 -4- -4- <*N H C^ C^ vOCNH CM CMiH <*\0 O -d-iTkO •jfC^-d-CM O U> CM CM OH CM CM ITS rN 000000 UN CM P*. 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H H CM H NO -d- c^ • -t c^ -4- -d- smcQ >} ^ CO*-^ >»M © •H M 3 +> "O © :d ;Q 03 o P O "d td © -H x300©oaj©c3odcd.HOa}©o«J^d>^ oo&4 0 0MWt-Jt-l»-»H^52;PsA oo vo CO — T- oo 0\ CO VO CO o z (E — I- z V) o — '^ no o o Csl o o CO in o CT) CD OO O <0 NUMBER OF TRANSACTIONS - 12 - CO o o I < < CO Q. o f- >- o o o o o CO o T;r CM CN CN NUMBER OF Tf^ ANSACTION5 13 LU o LU a. CO en o CO NUMBER. OF TRANSACTIONS - i» - < CO < LU UJ < << oo O < -^ -^ i^ ' ijj O I > O Oi O < to o LU CO o 1^ ^r - CVJ (\J CVi 00 »0 C\J (j» «3 (0 NUMBER OF TRANSACTIONS - 15 - SECTION NO. 6 DIVISION of LAW DIVISION OF LAW GENERA.L The office of the Departmental Solicitor was re-established as the Division of Law on March 1, 1955, There is no consequent change in function, vdilch is basically that of rendering legal service to the other Head Office Divisions and the field organization in connection with the administration of the affairs of the Department. LEGISLATION At the Session of the Legislature -w^ich opened on February 8, 1955, The Fish Inspection Act, 1955 was enacted. Amendments to several of the Statutes adminis- tered by the Department of Lands and Forests, and amendments to The Mining Act ajid The Highway Traffic Act of direct concern to the Department, were passed. The Provin- cial Parks Act, 1954 canae into force by proclamation on December 1, 1954, and the draiting of regulations under that Act was comnmenced. The Ontario-Manitoba Boundary Line Act, 1953 came into force by Proclamation on June 1, 1954, Notes on Legislation The Fish Inspection Act, 1955 - In 1949 the Parliament of Canada passed an Act regulating the storing, processing, and marketing, of fish intended.for interprovin- cial and foreign trade. The Ontario Act provides the same type of control over the storing, processing, and marketing, of fish within the Province. Because of constitutional limiita- tions, both Acts are required to cover all aspects of the subject, and for this reason other provinces have also passed similar legislation. The Forest Fires Prevention Act - The name "travel permit area" was changed to "forest travel permit area", and the naxne of the permit was changed from "travel permit" to "forest travel permit" as being more tiruly descriptive and to make it clear that these permits do not affect highway travel in any way. The Game and Fisheries Act - jLegislation was enacted enabling regulations to be made, designed to promote good ganae majciagenaent on Crown lands designated for the purpose by limiting and regulating the nxomber of hunters that may hxmt at any time and the hours during which hunting may be carried on, Regiilations may also be made designed to control the propagation and sale of pheasants and other nanaed gamie birds by a system of licensing and the use of seals or other means of identification; Other minor amendments were effected to bring the legislation into line with administrative practices. The Highway Traffic Act - A lower rate of speed for motor vehicles driven in any provincial park may be prescribed by regxilation. The Lakes and Rivers Improvement Act « Permissive legislation was enacted providing for remedial measures to be taken in connection with trees and other ma.tter deposited in a lake or river or on the shore or bank thereof, having regard to the natural beauty of the lake or river. The Mining Act - Section 103 was re-enacted, and in addition to the reser- vation to the Crown of all timber ajid trees in every patent or lease of Crown lands issued under the Act, and the right to cut and remove any timber or trees thereon, there is the further reservation of the right to enter upon such lands to carry on forestry. The Provincial Ijand Tax Act - There were minor amendments by which the last day for sending out tax bills is extended from December 1st to January 15th, and more time is given to publish in the Ontario Gazette the list of persons to whom, notice of forfeiture has been sent. Relief is also provided in cases where land that is und^r the Act becomes part of an organiz-ed municipality. The Public Lajids Act - A procedural action was enacted whereby letters patent may be issued in the name of a person who is dead. This section is designed to clarify the intent of section 22 of The Public JLands Act that where letters patent for land is issued in lieu of a patent containing an error it is issued in the name of the original patentee, whether living or dead. It is designed also to expedite the issue of letters patent "w^ich wovild otherwise be delayed pending the appointment of an administrator or executor for the estate of a deceased person. REGULATIONS The following regulations were approved and filed during the fiscal year April 1, 1954, to March 31, 1955: The Forest Fires Prevention Act Subject-matter O.Reg. 168/54 - amending O.Reg, 96/53. - General regulations. The Gaime and Fisheries Act Permanent Regulations O.Reg. 62/54 - amending C:,R,.0. 404 O.Reg. 127/54 - amending C,R,0. 123 - O.Reg. 161/54 - amending C,R,0. 123 O.Reg, 165/54 - amending C„R.O. 129 O.Reg. 169/54 - amending C.R.O. 123 O.Reg, 221/54 - amending C,R,0. 123 O.Reg, 222/54 - amending C,R,0. 404 O.Reg. 223/54 - amending O.Reg. 80/51 O.Reg, 1/55 - amending C.R.O. 127 Waters set apart. Crown Gcune Preserves. Crown Getme Preserves. Royalties, Crown Game Preserves. Crown Game Preserves. Waters set apart. Waters set apart. Township licences. Temporary Regulations O.Regc 94/54- Open season for Deer, 1954, O.Reg. 125/54 - Open season for Moose, 1954, 0,Reg, 140/54 - Open season for Fur-bearing Animals, O.Reg, 143/54 « Open season for Game Birds, O.Reg. 213/54 - amending 0;.Reg. 140/54. The JLakes and Rivers Improvement Act O.Reg. 192/54 - "Chenaxix Development" and "Cave and Fourneaux Developnment, The Provincial Xiand Tax Act O.Reg. 126/54- Exemption fronn taxes, Th$$ numerous regulations made iinder The Game and Fisheries Act, and amendments to these regulations, during the course of a year indicate the need for a consoli* dation of the permanent regulations annually and the publication azxnually of an office con- solidation of the regulations which can be made available for public distribution. SECTION NO. 7 DIVISION of OPERATION and PERSONNEL DIVISION OF OPERATION AND PERSONNEL PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SECTION The following table indicates the total nmnber of employees on the staff for each month of the fiscal year. Head Office Field Extra 1954 Perm. Temp. Gas. 9 Total Perm. Temp. Gas. 1495 Total Grand Total 3230 Fire Fighters Apr. 323 125 457 1205 67 2773 2519 May 334 119 62 515 1213 73 2039 3325 3540 1459 June 337 121 57 545 1226 66 1919 3211 3756 2521 July 329 109 92 530 1234 72 1535 3141 3671 954 Aug. 35S 94 52 534 1235 73 1725 3036 2570 773 Sep. 371 g2 55 511 1239 137 1637 3013 3524 126 Oct. 37S 79 11 465 1234 72 1500 2506 3274 75 Nov. 377 76 16 469 1239 96 949 2254 2753 9 Dec. 374 n 13 465 1245 55 542 2145 2610 -- 195? Jan. 369 79 10 455 1245 55 547 2153 2611 5 Feb. 374 56 13 473 1251 63 743 2057 2530 5 Mar. 369 ai 12 462 1249 61 715 2025 2457 6 The following tables show the numerical strength of the various Administrative Districts, Head Office Divisions, the nurseries and the Ontario Forest Ranger School as of March, 1955* HEAD OFFICE STAFF Perm. Temp. Gas. Total Minister's Office 5 5 Deputy's Office 3 3 Accounts 57 20 1 75 Fish and Wildlife 49 5 57 Forest Protection 17 17 Lands 20 3 1 24 Parks 3 3 Law 3 1 7^ Operation and Personnel 55 15 3 Reforestation 15 6 1 22 Research S 9 50 Surveys and Engineering 7 1 69 Timber Management 22 12 -i ^ 369 51 12 462 Air Service Chapleau Cochrane Fort Francis Geraldton Gogama Kapuskasing Kenora Lake Erie St. Williams Nursery- Lake Huron Lake Simcoe Midhurst Angus Lindsay- South Eastern Region Orono North Bay- South Central Region Parry Sound Pembroke Port Arthur Thunder Bay Nursery Forest Ranger School Rideau Rideau Nursery Sault Ste. Marie Sioux Lookout Sudbury Central Region Swastika Tweed VJhite River TOTALS FIELD STAFF Perm. TemD. Cas. Total 93 3 101 30 1 13 44 51 2 32 35 40 9 49 23 10 23 56 27 1 11 3? 42 34 76 50 2 17 69 39 3 12 54 20 1 46 67 46 2 16 64 41 76 117 29 25 54 19 2 21 53 3 11 72 1 1 2 14 20 '^h 70 3 33 106 4 4 52 4 23 79 74 2 51 127 52 3 59 119 7 4 11 15 1 15 31 25 3 23 11 1 4 16 63 3 23 94 44 31 75 59 2 23 34 3 3 46 1 26 73 67 4 26 97 2k -1 ha. 74 1249 61 715 2025 Head Office Field Total Staff as of March. 1955 369 31 1249 61 12 2ii 462 2025 1613 142 22Z 2437 - 2 - Number of Licensed Scalers on Staff 392 Number of Ranger School Graduates on Staff 379 Number of employees holding University degrees or titles: Foresters Biologists Civil Engineers Miscellaneous 174 39 5 26 Total 244 PERMANENT EMPLOYEES 1,700 1.600 1,500 1,400 1,300 1,200 I.I 00 1,000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 AS OF MARCH 31 ^''^ EACH Y EAR 1 j 1 1 — ^ 1 ■ I 1 ■ 1 1 ^^ t 1 ■ ■ 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 3. 500 <-o 450 < O 4 00 CHART OF AGE CLASSES AS OF 3 IS'^M A R CH 1955 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 < X < U_I :^ Ll_ < 1 — OO U CO Z) UNDER 2i 21- 30 YEARS YEARS 31 -4o 41- 50 51-60 61-70 YEA^S YEARS YEARS YEARS 500 fiead Office Field Totals The above is broken down as follows: Under 21 21-30 31-A.O /^l-50 51-60 61-70 log 23 31 133 365 a3 74 29 277 260 129 379 Total 450 1310 49a 360 334 I5B 1760 - 4 - Distribution of Male and Female Employees at Head Office: Division Accounts Deputy Minister's Office Fish and Wildlife Forest Protection Lands Law Minister's Office Operation and Personnel Parks Reforestation Research Surveys and Engineering Timber Management Male Female Total 50 27 77 1 2 3 37 20 57 15 2 17 10 13 23 2 2 4 1 4 5 51 22 73 2 1 3 IS 3 21 42 S 50 57 11 6S M mm^^ M 12ik iii 450 Male and Female Employees in the Field t Male 1243 Female 67 War Veterans in the Department Head Office Field Totals Male 172 622 Ml Female 4 2 Total 176 aio Percentage of Veterans as of Male Staff - 51^ The following table indicates the number of employees who terminated their services for various reasons during the fiscal year: Resigned Dismissed Died Super^ Retired Transferred Total annuated from Dept, Head Office Field 55 22 I 2 6 12 1 1 1 59 Totals 22 1 d 12 1 1 117 New Employees: Male Female Total Head Office Field 44 21 12 65 101 Totals 112 M 170 Staff Turnover for Fiscal Year is: 6.1 - 5 - Chart showing number of Applications* Interviews, and Appointments; Applications Interviews Appointments Full time 674 246 132 University Students 145 75 Junior Rangers 2Z1 523 1744 246 730 - 6 - The following; chart shows the technical personnel for the past 10 years. TECHNICAL PERSONNEL EMPLOYED 00 80 60 40 20 00 60 60 40 20 00 80 60 40 20 0 ' 1 1 1 — LEGEND n"" 11 i 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 i 1 irrrrrrm 1 1 1 1 ' 1 Seasona r 1 1 T 1 j 1 1 1 1 iJ.- rull lime Hi FORESTERS ONLf NOTED TO 1946 II 1 ;! ' li 1 ii i 1 1 — I.I ! 1 • - - 1 1 ■ — I 1 1 1 f 1 i ^^^^^1 ■ 1 1 L ■ 1 1 1 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 FISCAL YEAR ENDING 31 MARCH 1954 1955 - 7 - Staff Transfers and Promotion during the Fiscale Year Cressmani E«M. Kirk, M.D. Delahey, G. Addison P. Hyslop, R. Herridge, A .J. Crealock, A. Hess, Q. Whalen, J.M. Hall, F.L. Dickson, R.B. Wilson, D. Sider, F.E, Gimby, W.E. Snow, R« Steele, ¥.£• Leman, A« Forester Port Arthur to Superintendent of Thunder Bay Nursery, Port Arthur, Feb. 1/54 • Zone Forester Lindsay District to Reforestation Supervisor of Lindsay District, April 1/54 • District Forester at Fort Francis to Rideau as District Forester, May 1/54 • Regional Forester, Port Arthur to South Western Region as Regional Forester, May 1/54 • Forester at Sault Ste. Marie to Port Arthur as District Forester, May 1/54 • District Forester, Kapuskasing, to Sault Ste. Marie as District Forester, May l/54» District Forester, Cochrane, to Division of Reforestation, May 1/54- District Forester, Sault Ste. Marie to Cochrauie as Regional Forester, May 1/54 • District Forester at Chapleau, to Sudbury as District Forester, May l/54» District Forester at Sudbury to Cochrane as District Forester, May l/54« Forester, Port Arthur to Gogama as District Forester, May 1/54 • Forester, Parry Sound to Chapleau as District Forester, May 1/54 • District Forester, North Bay to Kapuskasing as District Forester, May l/54» District Forester, Pembroke, to Parry Sound as District Forester, May 1/54* District Forester, Parry Sound to North Bay as District Forester, May 1/54 • District Forester, Rideau to Division of Reforestation, May 1/54 • District Forester, Tweed, to Lake Simcoe as District Forester, May l/54« - d - Ruxton, J. Ontario Forest Ranger School, Pine Springs to Tweed as District Forester, May 1/5/f Wheatley, A.B. Thurston, W.A.G. Omand, D.N* Simmons, J.F.L. Newman, F*S. Mennill, J.L. Lane, C.H. Barron, J. Foster, W.T. Hamilton, G.A. Lockwood, J.W. MacKinnon, G«£« Passmore, R.C. Reynolds, J.K. Coyne, G.F. Cleaveley, W.G. District Forester, Lindsay, to Lake Erie as District Forester, May 1/54. Forester, Lake Huron, to Lindsay, as District Forester, May 1/54 • District Forester, Lake Erie, to Pembroke as District Forester, May 1/54. District Forester, Lake Simcoe, to Division of Reforestation, May 1/54 • Regional Forester, St. Williams to Division of Reforestation, May 1/54 • Superintendent of Keraptville Nursery to Director of the Ontario Forest Ranger School Pine Springs, May 1/54. Forester Rideau to Superintendent of the Kempt ville Nursery, Rideau, May 1/54 • Regional Forester Kenora transferred to Port Arthur as Regional Forester, Sept. 1/54- Assistant District Forester, White River to Fort Francis as District Forester, Sept. 1/54* Forester Gogama to Port Arthur as Assistant District Forester, Sept. l/54» Forester Pembroke to VJhite River as Assistant District Forester, Sept. 1/54- Forester, Sudbury to Kapuskasing as Assistant District Forester, Sept. l/54« Biologist, Division of Research to Cochrane as Assistant District Forester, Sept. l/54» Biologist, Division of Fish and Wildlife to Sault Ste. Marie as Assistant District Forester, Sept. 1/54 • Forester, Gogama to Assistant District Forester Gogama, Sept. l/54» Forester, Fort Francis to Sudbury as Assistant District Forester, Sept. 1/54- - 9 - Boultbee, R« Bray, A.S. Rich, C.Vi Clucas, CM. Stlnson, W.J. District Forester Fort Francis to Regional Forester of the Western Region, Sept. l/54» Regional Forester, Port Arthur to Head Office as Chief Division of Lands, Sept. 1/54- Assistant to Purchasing Officer, Office Management Section, Division of Operation and Personnel; to officer in charge of Office Management Section, Division of Operation and Personnel, Oct. 1/5.4 • Office Management Section, Division of Operation and Personnel to Division of Forest Protection, Oct. 1/54* From Safety Training Officer to Supervisor of safety and First Aid, Feb. 16/55. - 10 - Junior Forest Rangers District Klumber of Junior Rangers Chapleau ifO Cochrane 39 Geraldton 35 Gogama 34 Kapuskasing 32 Kenora 10 Lindsay 29 North Bay 3d Parry Sound 20 Pembroke 42 Port Arthur U Sault Ste. Marie 60 Sioux Lookout 19 Sudbury 24 Swastika 31 Tweed 32 White River 2Sl 524 The Junior Rangers as shown in the above distribution^ were employed during the months of July and August. - 11 - Attended P^sse^ 41 19 40 19 2 2 ONTARIO FOREST RANGER SCHOOL 1954 Course Ist. Term ~ January 4th. - March 20th. 1954 Forest Rangers Conservation Officers Miscellaneous Industry 2nd. Term - May 17th. - July 31st. 1954 Forest Rangers 40 40 Conservation Officers 19 19 Miscellaneous Industry 1 1 3rd. Term - October 4 - December l^th. 1954 Forest Rangers 40 40 Conservation Officers 19 19 Miscellaneous Industry 1 1 30 W - 12 - TRAINING i. Fleet Supervisors Training Course: 4 employees took this course. 2. Scaling Supervisors Refresher Course; 44 attended this course which was held on April 6 - S, 1954 at Sault Ste. Marie, 3. St. John Ambulance Course; During the year 301 members attended this coiirsee 4» Guide Training Course; April 5-10, 1954. Twenty-eight (28) Guides and six (6) Conservation Officers from Parry Sound, Maple, Hespeler, Lindsay and Tweed Districts attended this course held at the Ontario Forest Ranger School. 5. Automotive Maintenance Course; 4 employees attended this course. 6. Outboard Motor and Marine Course (Peterborough) 4 employees attended this course. 7« Drivers tested by Porto Clinic; 908 Department motor vehicle operators tested. 8. Executive Development Course; Twenty-one senior personnel including District Foresters, Assistant District Foresters, and Head Office personnel attended an Executive Development Course held in the period of Jan. 17th. to January 28th. 1955. Other members of the staff, whose duties would not permit full time attendance, were present as observers as time permitted. - 13 - A new feature of this course was that, for the first time Division Chiefs and other department personnel participated in the instructing. Formerly members of various faculties of the University of Toronto gave all the instruction. This year the division of the time table provided for one-third of the in- struction by departmental personnel and the balance by members of the university. The course ended with a half day being devoted to a panel discussion on the organization of the Department followed by a plenary session in which all who participated in the course joined in a critical examination of our organization and related matters. SAFETY CORNER Safety Council; 25 active Safety Councils in the Province. 108 Safety Council meetings held in 1954 - 1955 Hunting Accidents; Accidents reported through our department. 15 Fatal Accidents 60 Non Fatal 75 Accidents 13 \insafe firearms were destroyed. Resuscltators; There are 22 Resuscitators distributed for use In the District, ResuBoltatoro have been used on accident victims on nineteen occasions resulting In sixteen potential victims being revived. 237 persons received resuscltator training. - 14 - WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION FISCAL YEAR 1954 - 1955 There have been 39 fewer accidents during this fiscal ;^ear, than in the last previous year, and the average cost per claim has been decreased by $9»45» Accident costs and number of accidents, although lower for this fiscal year, are still high. Recurring disabilities received from previous injuries have been one of the reasons why total costs have not been lower. Axes and falls are still the two major causes of accidents as well as being the most costly. The total number of falls exceed axe accidents only by two, but their cost is double the cost of the latter. Allergies, from evergreen trees, but more especially from poison ivy, have been steadily increasing. The fire season was much lighter than in the preceding year, resulting in fewer accidents sustained on fire fighting duty. There were no deaths during the fiscal year 1954 - 55# Workmen* 8 Compensation Board Costs for the fiscal year were $63,356,59 and there were 455 compensable claims for the fiscal year. Average cost of claims was $69.25. Employee Categories involved In 455 Accidents Category percentage Extra Fire Fighters 9.09& Junior Rangers 20.0^^ Rangers and Towerman 24, 251^ Others 46.0^ - 15 - AVERAGE COST OF CLAIMS — CM LT) to I I I I I NO. OF If) io in ID in CLAIMS 2 2 £? 22 22 494 4-55 / \ 417 / 394 / 368 \ / AVERAGE S ° COST PER ^ CLAIM -t^ -«^ U> 00 CO h«. As compared with the previous fiscal year: 39 less accidents for the past fiscal year 1954-55 Average cost per claim decreased by $9 •45. - 16 - WORKMENS* COMPENSATION Table 1 TREND IN WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION CLAIMS PREPARED FROM TOTAL CLAIMS FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS 1945-46 TO 1954-55 NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS PER YEAR DDO i ^^^^^ k en 500 I ■^^^^ V J ^^ 1 ' 1 . c / \ X ^^ :^ 4 50 / \ X < 4oo / \ r / 1 o / t£2 3 30 / U- J q: 300 / LU ^ 250 / / CO ^ 200 / < -J 150 0 1 100 -< ^ 0 1945-46 1946-47 1947-48 1948-49 1949-50 1950-51 1951-52 1952-53 1953-54 1954-55 17 - WORKMENS* COMPENSATION Table II TREND IN WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION COSTS < u >- z UJ I- Q O cr u Q_ q: LJ > o I- ui O u $ 62.000 $ 6 0.000 $ 58,000 $ 56,000 $ 54,00 0 $ 52,000 $ 50,000 $48,000 ^4 6,000 $44,000 $42,000 $ 40.000 $ 38.000 $ 36.000 $ 34,000 $3 2,000 $30,000 $28,000 $ 26.000 $ 24.000 $ 22,000 $ 20,000 $ 18,000 $ 16,000 $ 14,000 $ 12,000 EPARED FROM TOTALS FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS 19 45-46 TO 1 954 - 55 iL^ i I i J^ / ik. / "^^^ i y X / ^^ f / X / / \ / / ^ f / / f J f y X X V V jT y^ V r ^ jr r 1945-46 1946-47 1947-48 1948-49 1949-50 1950-5! 195152 1952-53 1953-541954-55 - IB - WORKMENS' COMPENSATION Table III TREND IN WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION CLAIMS PREPARED FROM AVERAGE FIGURES FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS 1945-46 TO 1954-55 AVERAGE NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS SHOWING INCIDENCE BY MONTH 70.0 67 5 65.0 62.5 60.0 57.5 CO S-6.0 < _J 52.5 50.0 47.5 45.0 42.5 40.0 37.5 LjJ 35 0 O 32 5 22 5 < 20.0 I 7.5 15 0 12.5 I 0.0 7.5 APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. - 19 - WORKMENS» COr^ENSATION Table IV IN PERCENTAGE OF STAFF INVOLVED COMPENSABLE ACCIDENTS ANNUALLY UJ > o O < a: 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 I I 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 OVER A PERIOD OF THE PAST TEN YEARi 1945-46 TO 1954-55 > k y V / \ / \ / \ V / N^ ^ / > ^^ / ^ / / ^1 ^ f I9_45 1946 I9_46 1947 I9_47 1948 i9J8 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 - 20 - HIGHLIGHTS DIVISION OF OPERATION AND PERSONNEL 1954 - 1955 The Department showed only a slight increase during the fiscal year as in comparison to former years. There was an increase of 39 permanent and temporary employees as compared to an increase of 45 for the last fiscal year. A total of 117 permanent and temporary employees left the service, and 170 new permanent and temporary employees were appointed during the year. There was a turnover of 6.8^ of staff for the fiscal year 54 - 55 as compared to 7*5?^ turnover for 53 - 54. The total number of employees on staff as of March 31, 1955 was 1,760. Charts; 1) The comparison of number of personnel on staff on March 31, 1954 as to March 31, 1955. Permanent Temporary Casual March 31, 1955 I6l8 142 727 March 31, 1954 1546 175 633 72 increase 33 decrease 94 increase 2) The comparison of number of personnel with university degrees on I4arch 31, 1954 as to March 31, 1955* Civil Foresters Biologists Engineers Others March 31, 1955 174 39 5 26 March 31, 1954 122 16 6 2^ 2 increase 3 increase 1 decrease 3 increase 3) Comparison of number of Personnel with Scaler's Licences. March 31, 1955 ^n March 31, 1954 Hi /. increase - 21 - 4) Comparison of number of Ranger School Graduates. March 31, 1955 379 March 31, 1954 231 48 increase 5) Comparison of Application, Interviews ana Appointments for 1954 - 1955 as to 1953 - 1954. 1954 - 55 JL953 - 54 Applications 1744 IW Interviews 246 i/u Appointments 730 ojji5 6) Comparison of number of Junior Rangers. 1954 - 55, Chapleau Cochrane Geraldton Gogama Kapuskasing Kenora Lindsay North Bay- Parry Sound Pembroke Port Arthur Sault Ste. Marie Sioux Lookout Sudbury Swastika Tweed White River TOTALS kQl ^2k 26 40 36 39 15 35 25 34 21 32 .— 10 25 29 30 3^ 15 20 35 42 15 11 37 60 21 19 23 24 27 31 29 32 21 23 - 22 - Workmen's Compensation; Comparison of Accidents and their costs up to March 31, 1954 as to March 31, 1955. 1953-54 1954-55 Accidents No» Costs No. Costs 1. Axe Accidents 62 $3,000 64 $4,077 2. Falls 70 11,936 66 7,473 3. Eye Injuries 29 1,085 36 470 4. Allergies 15 569 23 556 There have been 39 fewer accidents than in the last fiscal year, and the average cost per claim has been decreased by $9.45. The fire season was much lighter than in the preceding year, resulting in fewer accidents attributable to fire fighting. Average cost of claims was $69.25. - 23 - OFFICE MANAGEMENT SECTION PROCUREMENT AND PURCHASING With the demand continuing for the standardized items of equipment and materials and the increase of new goods in the consumer market, purchasing has increased considerably ever the preceding year. The further expansion of the Department, with its resxiltant needs, has brought extra procurement duties. In the established purchase and supply procedure, the efficiency of which has been proven for many years now, all requisitions are channelled to the Purchase and Supply Section for processing, in the course of vrtiich they are examined and the eqviipment compared with competitive or similar brands for quality and economy. New items in office equipment and supplies are constantly being brought to this section's attention, and these, along with new supply sources, must be checked and investigated. Divisional and district offices are kept informed of new items and their suppliers when the equipment or services warrant such action, and, tdiereever possible, descriptive sheets, pamphlets, folders, etc., are circulated to the aforementioned offices. The number of incoming requisitions- received in this fiscal year period was 12,500. Each of these must be examined to see what must be ordered, either by direct purchase order, by requisitions to the Queen's Printer for stationery and printing orders, by Public Works requisition, and in some instances by memoranda, and what can be supplied from stock. Involved in this lengthy procedure are innumerable telephone calls, much correspondence, and, ^ere warranted, the calling of tenders. Most orders and requisitions can be processed within a day or two, but there are still many which, requiring investigation and source of supply, may take several days. 24 The number of purchase orders Issued totalled 5 9633 > this lower figure being achieved by closer surveillance and combination of miscellaneous orders. Included in this figure were 250 items of import which necessitated customs clearance. Requisitions placed with the Queen* s Printer for stationezy numbered 1^615 and for printing 364* Some 500 requisitions were submitted to Public Works Department for various supplies and services* SPACE ADJUSTMENTS The overcrowded state of the Department continaed unabated, althotigh constant contact is maintained with the Public Works Department regarding the allotment of more office space* Internal relocations are made from time to time* Major alleviation of this pressing need for adequate office space is looked for in the near future* SPECIAL ASSIGNMENTS The arranging of transportation, hotel accommodations, the many details of the District Foresters* Conference, some 61 banquets and lunches, such as the mid-day meetings of the Forestry Advisory Committee and the weekly meetings of the Division Chiefs, are supervised by this section. The acquisition of several properties in Algonquin Park and other pai*k areas continued to be made, and involved the preparation of inventory of equipment and contents which may be Included in the sale* UNIFORMS Since the inauguration of the Uniform Project by the Department in 1947 > officials in the districts are in full agreement that the wearing of the iiniform by personnel in close contact with the public has been of great assistance to them in their work* The expansion of the project, which now includes more than ^50 personnel, has greatly increased the necessity for rigid control of all issues. The control is maintained by use of a detailed card system, vrhleh records all initial and replacement issues for each uniformed employee* Periods of wear for the various items of clothing have been set, with due consideration for the period of time an employee wears the uniform while performing his duties. The issues 25 are graduated down from lOOjS in uniform to sxmtner wear only, and protects the Department from unwarranted replacements • Personnel in uniform are govei*ned in the mode of attire by means of an Information Circular, which is amended when regulations are changed, to better the appearance of the general uniform, the method of wearing it, and changes in the period of wear of the uniform clothing. The uniform regulations contained in the Information Circular are being printed in booklet form under the title of "Uniform Manual" and each employee in uniform will receive a copy for his own use. The initial issue to personnel must be recommended by the District Forester concerned, and the employee's classification must be included in the eligible personnel listing. The District Foresters must also satisfy themselves that garments, considered by the individual to be in need of replacement, are actually past normal wearability before submitting the necessary requisition to Head Office. The requisition is checked against the individual's record card when received, to ensure the entitlement before authorization is granted. DISTRIBUTION OF EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES Shipment of equipment and supplies during the past fiscal year exceeded the previous year by a considerable margin. In addition there was the distribution of bulletins, technical books, SILVA MAGAZINE, circular letters, the weekly News Letter, and various items of equipment for tours* There has been a noted increase in the issue of supplies. It may be stated here that, with the advent of a new division. Parks, another outlet for equipment and supplies came into being. Long-term goods, such as printed forms, maps, advertising materials, bulk stationery, office supplies and first aid supplies, have increased owing to the further expansion of the department. A small armoury of revolvers and ammunition is kept in stock for the use of officers in the field. Eight hundred and twenty tons of various supplies and equipment were received (27,530 packages and cartons) and 470 tons were shipped out, via express, freight, transport and post (7*1^0 packages and cartons) i 26 including 62,000 copies of SYLVA and 86,700 copies of circ\ilars and weekly News Releases. It is of interest to note that the Stockroom has 5>147 items listed on its stock records and that 26 new forms were added this past fiscal year. ISSUE OF LICENCES In the past year there were approximately thirty various types of hunting, fishing and trapping licences distributed to licence issuers and district offices throughout the province. The incoming quantities of these licences varied from 500 to 500,000. The number of licences prepared, checked and mailed totalled 1# 055^299, an increase of about 50,300 over the previous year. They were forwarded in 11,130 parcels to the 2,400 issuers. DUPLICATING AND PRINTING New forms of various sizes were continually being prepared for the Department, and many of the existing ones were revised. Each new form was drawn up £uid checked to see if the requirements were met. Forms, produced by the Printing Section, were completely designed and composed by the staff. In addition, this section also produced circulars, bulletins, and reports, including design and composition. The amount of finished work rose sharply. Over 15,000,000 copies of vsirious forms, circulars, bulletins and reports were produced in 1,000 jobs. Five thousand plates were required, 900 of which were completely composed by Vari-Type operation, in addition to 700,000 copies of circulars on the duplicating machine. BOAT LICENSING This involved considerable correspondence and contacts with various field offices and the Federal Department of Transport, and included boats with motors inboard, motors outboard and motor canoes. The number licensed by the Federal Transport Department in this fiscal period was 86, bringing the total in use to 808. 27 RECORDS Among the many duties carried out by this section, the more important was the assembly, indexing and classifying of incoming correspondence for distribution, compilation of new files and recharging files • It may be of interest to note that 496,089 letters were received for attention as noted above in this fiscal period, and 4»800 new files were created* The lack of adequate file storage continues to pose a pressing problem. 28 CONSERVATION EDUCATION SECTION Visual Education During the year the following titles were added to Head Office and Field film libraries: Accidents Don«t Happen #2 - Machine Accidents Don^t Happen ff3 - Handling Accidents Don't Happen ffA - Falls Accidents Don*t Happen ffS - Safe Clothing Accidents Don't Happen #7 - Spinal Injuries All Aboard Artificial Respiration (Holger-Nielsen Method) The Beaver Birds of Canada #6 Bobwhite Throughout the Year Building the Fire Line Campaign Fire Common Animals of the Woods Don»t Let It Happen (Then It Happened) Easier Ways of Logging Extra Forest Dollars Fighting Forest Fires With Hand Tools Fighting Forest Fires With Power Pumps Forest Conservation The Forest Grows Great Lakes (How They Were Formed) Gunning the Flyways Holiday Island Indian Canoeman Leaves The Longhouse People The Living Forest Lost Hunter Mighty Muskie Pierre & Marie - 29 - Point Pelee*»-Nature Sanctuary Portage Prairie Chicken in Missouri, The The Sea Lamprey There's More Than Money in Woodlots Time and Terrain Water on the Fire Wildlife and the Human Touch The World At Your Feet Your Forest Heritage Large turntables for 16" records to be used with 35 atm filmstrips or slides on Conservation, Care of Equipment, Safety and Mechanical Operation, were supplied to each Region. Pour 16 mm sound projectors were purchased for replacement in the Field. Each District has its own projector and has access to District, Regional and Head Office film libraries. Films and projectors are used by Department personnel for public lecturing and intra-departmental training. Four 35 mm projectors for slides were also added to our equipment. General Considerable Section time was spent in the preparation of schedules and arranging details of the Tour by Members of the Legislative Assembly of North-Western Ontario. During 1954-55 several hundred feet of motion picture film was used in depicting various phases of the Department's activities. The film was used for T.V. showings and for fillers in films being made by the Department for general distribution. Exhibits Conservation appeals were made to the public by means of some seventy- five exhibits and floats shown throughout the Province. The major exhibits are as follows: Canadian National Exhibition Canadian National Sportsmen's Show Central Canada Exhibition Northern Ontario Exhibition - 30 - Lakehead Exhibition International Plowing Match Other exhibits include Sportsmen*s Shows, Agricultural Pairs, County Fairs and Parades. Material for major exhibits are prepared and displayed by this section and then sent out for use at other exhibits from our Toronto workshop. Permanent exhibits suitable for transportation are emphasized to make an optimum appeal across the Province. Radio Broadcasts During the past year this section has been responsible for the writing and broadcasting of a 15-*minute programme "Conservation Corner'* on Saturday night, over a Toronto station which provided the time gratis. Various Division Chiefs have appeared on the programme, presenting a well«*rounded picture of the Department's activities. In addition, air time has been allotted to other officers of the Department by many radio stations across the Province, a gesture which is much appreciated, particularly in periods of high fire hazard. Lecture Tours Officers of the Department keep in constant touch with the public through Fish and Game Associations, Schools, Church groups, Service Clubs and Youth Organizations. Illustrated lectures are given on all aspects of the Department** work, with particular emphasis on Forest Protection, Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Timber Management and Reforestation, The following table provides a summary of the public lectures delivered by Head Office and Field Staff during the fiscal year. - 31 - N.B. - A summary of the lecture tours which were carried out by the Canadian Forestry Association of Ontario during this same period is shown below the Department figures. The conservation lecture activities of the C.F.A.O, are partially subsidized by this Department and much of their success is due to the financial assistance mentioned plus excellent co-operation from our field officers. SCHOOL MEETINGS PUBLIC MEETINGS TOTAL REGION DISTRICT NO. ATTENDANCE NO. ATTENDANCE NO, ATTENDANCE Western Kenora 18 1056 40 3305 58 4361 Fort Frances 57 4742 27 1510 84 6252 Sioux Lookout 16 1894 28 3111 44 5005 Mid- Port Arthur 71 4284 78 3805 149 8089 Western Geraldton 59 4030 48 3168 107 7198 Central S. S. Marie 26 1881 38 1737 64 3618 Sudbury 170 17304 77 4420 247 21724 Chapleau 21 1669 45 2686 66 4355 Gogama 25 1273 28 930 53 2203 White River 7 532 14 737 21 1269 Northern Kapuskasing 23 2275 12 739 35 3014 Cochrane 85 5504 26 1196 111 6700 Swastika 30 2556 41 4374 71 6930 South- North Bay 156 16390 75 5647 231 22037 Central Pembroke 16 654 159 8943 175 9597 Parry Sound 73 3355 76 3929 149 7284 South- Rideau 20 2611 56 3934 76 6545 Bastern Tweed 21 1523 54 3343 75 4866 Lindsay 23 1376 51 3218 74 4594 South- L. Simcoe 133 13190 265 23321 398 36511 western L. Huron 59 2259 141 6761 200 9020 L. Erie 34 2023 147 25447 181 27470 TOTALS 1143 92381 1526 116,263 2669 208,642 L ectures Chi Idren Adults Total By Canadian Forestry Association 601 41 ,875 25,598 67,473 - 32 - Photography The Department's photographic library has over 9,000 8** x 10** black and white prints and approximately 750 35 mm. colour slides, and includes a cut file section. These are used to illustrate Department and outside publications and for lecture purposes. Over 3,500 Department photographs were loaned to outside publications during the year. These sets mostly consist of from six to twelve photographs telling a story on some phase of the Department's activities. A large number of single photograph requests were also handled during the year. Approximately 25,700 8** x 10** photographs were produced from our darkroom as well as a large number of 35 iam. slides and black and white prints. The services of the photographic library were open to all writers, editors, and reporters, as well as to the general public. Over 5,000 feet of 16 mm. pictures were taken covering Forest Protection, Pish and Wildlife and the M.L.A. Tour. - 33 - CONSERVATION INFORMATION The efforts of this section were directed towards informing the general public of the work of the Department, so as to ensure the continued co-operation essential for successful operation* Publications The majority of our publications were prepared for the public although some publications were prepared for certain Departmental groups. The use of general publications saves considerable time in answering personal letters requesting specific information* Over two-thirds of the original writing is done by the staff of the Department, mostly by personnel of this section. The remaining one-third is done by outside writers, either voluntarily or for a professional fee. In many cases, these outside writers received assistance from our own staff. j During the year the following publications were published: General Minister's Annual Report in two parts: (1) Highlights (2) Detailed. , Booklet for M.L.A. Tour Index to SYLVA. Volume 1-10 inclusive. SYLVA. Volume 10. Nos, 2 - 6c Volume 11, No. 1. 6000 copies of each issue of this magazine are now produced in order to meet increased demand. It is also interesting to note the increased use of articles and photographs from Sylva by magazines and newspapers internationally. Fish and Wildlife Condensed pocket size cards: (1) Open seasons: deer. (2) Open seasons: moose. (3) Open seasons: migratory birds. (4) Open seasons: upland game birds. Game and Fisheries Act Summary of Fisheries Regulations Summary of Hunting Regulations Forest Protection A City Boy in the Woods (educational comic book) (reprint) Lands Summer Resort Lands in Ontario (reprint) Operation & Personnel List of Publications Organizational Chart Ranger School Prospectus -34- JReforestation A Second Look at Reforestation in Ontario Surveys and Engineering tario Resources Atlas ...tario Surveys and the Lands Surveyor (reprint) rimber Management Korest Resources Inventory Reports (Parts 11 - 15) liscellaneous jcial envelopes for Sylva certificates for retiring personnel publications Prepared but Not Published Idministrative Chart (0 & P) Vlgonquin Park Booklet (Parks) :amping Safety Folder (0 & P) jetter to Algonquin Park Angler (Research) [ndians of Ontario (reprint) (General) ^ress The weekly news release "Conservation Corner" was issued regularly .0 all newspapers in the Province, all radio stations, outdoor writers, Game ind Fish Protective Associations, and a miscellaneous list of interested lonservationists and house organs. It approximates 2,000 to 2,500 words per ssue and consists, for the most part, of reports on Departmental activities, ihanges in the Acts relating to Game and Fisheries, open seasons for hunting, 'ishing and trapping, and conservation appeals for the protection of •esources. This release serves a most useful purpose, and its acceptibility ating is continuing to increase. The average annual column space being used ly newspapers throughout the Province is close to nine thousand column inches r approximately four hundred and fifty full news columns. This estimate does ot include the extensive use of News Release material by outdoor writers in heir columns in newspapers and sports and outdoors magazines on both sides of the order*, Ninety newspapers made use of matts provided by the section to illustrate ews Release Articles of special interest. In addition to the regular news release, a number of press releases of rgent importance were issued to the metropolitan dailies and to the wire services. Our clipping file now contains over 400 individual files, with an stiraate of more than 30,000 clippings per year. " -35- Articles A great many articles were provided to newspapers issuing special editions and considerable assistance given to writers seeking information for feature articles. Advertisements Copy was supplied for 45 display advertisements in magazines and news papers during the year* They varied from one-quarter page to full page advert' " ments, mostly in black and white with art work or photos. Each stressed the n for public co-operation in preventing forest fires and the conservation of land water, forests, wildlife and forest resources. One hundred and three administ- tive advertisements were also inserted in newspapers throughout the Province. These dealt with timber sales and crown lands. Posters The following posters were produced:. Nature Trails - Algonquin Park Sibley Park Extract from Fishery Regulations Experiments were conducted in the use of plastic coated signs but the. were not found to be satisfactory. Under a new process, representative poster material has been printed on plastic sheets. These are presently being dis-^ tributed to our 22 districts for exposure to the elements for 9 months followin; which the districts will return the signs with their conclusions. Correspondence Over 7>000 routine requests for information or publications were hand during the year. The volum.e of requests for information regarding the work of the Department, the recreational facilities of the Province and its renewable resources is rapidly increasing. These requests come from adults and students not only in Canada and the United States but from many parts of the world. These are in addition to a large number of requests for information requiring considerable research. Personal Enquiries "*" The Section also handled a large number of telephone calls daily and interviewed a considerable number of callers seeking first hand information or publications o -36- LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR DISTRIBUTION ACCOUNTS Accounting for Logging Operations FISH AND WILDLIFE The Game & Fisheries Act & Regulations Summary of the Fisheries Regulations Extract from Fisheries Regulations (poster) Summary of the Hunting Regulations Alternate Closure of Lakes in Algonquin Park Fish 8c Wildlife Management in Ontario Fur Farming in Ontario Prairie Chickens in Ontario Pheasant Culture The Bob White Quail in Ontario Aerial Censusing of Moose at Black Bay Peninsula Population Studies of Ring-Necked Pheasants on Pelee Island ... .$2.00 Chart of Ontario Sport Fishes in Colour (Price to be determined) FOREST PROTECTION Forest Fires Prevention Act and Regulations Forest Protection in Ontario Technical Bulletins: (a) Aerial VJater Bombing (b| Aerial Cargo Dropping (c) Aerial Ground Hailer (d) Aerial Estimator (e) Pack Tractor A City Boy in the Woods LANDS UW PARKS Lands for Settlement in Ontario Summer Resort Lands in Ontario Sudbury Forest District Kenora Forest District Fort Frances Forest District North Bay Forest District Complete set of 21 Acts administered by Department ( without binders ) o $5 . 00 Law Enforcement Guide & Related Subjects The Natural History of Algonquin Park Algonquin Park REFORESTATION Reforestation in Ontario Planning for Tree Planting Care and Planting of Forest Trees Forest Trees of Ontario., ««, The Farm Woodlot Forest Tree Planting 50 cents -37- RESEARCH Forest Research in Ontario Bird Population Studies during a Spruce Budworrri Outbreak Forest Spraying and Some Effects of DDT Bibliography of Canadian Biological Publications 1946 A Letter to Algonquin Park Anglers Pollution of the Spanish River Planting Depths and Methods Experiments Report of the Laboratory for Experimental Limnology SURVEYS AND ENGINEERING List of Geographical Tc^^mships in Ontario 25 cents List of Water Powers in Ontario 75 cents List of Lithographed Maps & Plans Aerial Surveys in Ontario Ontario Surveys and the Land Surveyor Extracts from Lakes & Rivers Improvement Act as pertaining to Construction, Repair and User of Dams TIMBER MANAGEMENT Systems of Forest Cropping Manual of Scaling Instructions Timber Management Manual: Part 11 - Timber Estimating (Fleia Work) 50 cents Part 111 - Timber Estimating (Compilations) . ,.50 cents Part IV - Timber Marking for Special Cutting Operations. ,.50 cen Ontario Log Rule Crown TJLmber Act & Regulations Made Thereunder Timber Management in Ontario Reports'^of Forest Resources Inventory: No. lo North Bay District No. 2. Swastika District Noo 3» Cochrane District No. 4. Kapuskasing District No. 5. Geraldton District No. 6. Port Arthur District No. 7o Algonquin District Noo S, Parry Sound District No. 9. White River District No. 10. Sudbury District No. 11. Sault Ste, Marie District No. 12. Chapleau District No. 13. Gogama District No. life Fort Frances District Nool5. Kenora District No. 16. Sioux Lookout District GENERAL Algonquin Story., ... o .. .#2.00 Administrative. Chart Annual Report of the Minister of Lands and Forests: Part 1: Detailed Part 11: Highlights Definitions of Important Branches of Forestry The Forest Tent Caterpillar in Ontario Ontario Resources Atlas, o. ».... .;i?l. 00 Indians of Ontario Camping Safety Folder SYLVA, Your Lands and Forests Review, bi-monthly.. ..$1.50 per year SYLVA Index, Volume 1-10 inclusive, .-38- SECTION NO. 8 DIVISION of PARKS DIVISION OP PARKS Coincident with the establishing of the Division of Parks on October 1st, 195^^ a systematic field survey was Inaugurated to locate and assess potential park properties, both Crown and privately owned. The emphasis was on Southern Ontario, where some sixty properties were located and examined by the field staff. Many of these properties were discarded for various reasons, after personal Inspection by the Division Chief; the others were placed on a priority list for acquisition as and when required by the Province, Suggested and recommended Crown properties were reserved for Immediate or for future designation and development as Provincial Parks . As of October 1st, 195^> the following Provincial Parks had been established: Algonquin 2,750 sq. miles Established I893 Rondeau 8 " " " 1897 Quetico 1,750 V ? V 1913 Long Point 126 acres . " 1920 Presqu'Ile 420 " !* 1921 Ipperwash I09 " " 1937 Superior 5^0 sq. miles ? 1944 Sibley 53 " " " 19^^ Presqu'Ile and Long Point were Commission managed parks under the Jurisdiction of the Department of Municipal Affairs. However, with the proclamation of The Provincial Parks Act of 1954, on December Ist these two parks became an administrative problem of the Division of Parks, and plans for their immediate future were formulated. Between October 1st and March 31st, two additional woodland properties were deeded to the Crown, to be designated and developed as Provincial Parks. These are the Mark S. Bumhara property (103 acres) in the Township of Otonabee, in Peterborough County, and the Emily Township property on the Pigeon River (10 acres), in Victoria County. Negotiations were ccamnenced by the Department of Public Works to acquire two additional properties from the above prepared and reccanmended list. The policy of bringing Algonquin Provincial Park back to its original status progressed much more rapidly than was anticipated, with the return to the Crown of some forty-three properties. In North Western Ontario, the opening for travel of High- way 120 from the Lake Head to Atikokan, made accessible for the first time by motor car, the north side of Quetico Provincial Park. With the contemplated extension and completion of this highway to Fort Frances, scane ninety million people will have access to Quetico, via a circuitous route . This challenge necessitated early and orderly planning, so that the organization may be set up to cope with the expected influx, and the necessary facilities, such as adequate recreational areas, fully established and outfitted in advance. These plans are under way. During the winter 1000 park tables and 1000 fireplace grills were manufactured for the Division by the Department of Reform Institutions at Burwash and Brampton. These pieces of equipment were well made and reasonably priced. Excellent co-operation has existed between the two departments and it is planned to make further use of Reform Institutions labour and services throughout the summer season. SECTION NO. 9 DIVISION of REFORESTATION DIVISION OP REFORESTATION The Division of Reforestation furnished a total of 25,519,3^3 units of nursery stock for all purposes during the year. This is over a million more than in any previous year. A small trial nursery was established in Widdifield township near North Bay and seed was sown for the production of 150,000 trees. As the demands for nursery stock are still in excess of supply, total nursery stock production targets were main- tained at 30 million units annually. The number of requests received from private landowners for advice in planning and carrying out reforestation and wood- lot management work continued to increase. Every effort poss- ible was made to meet these requests although there was not sufficient staff to meet the requirements fully. Municipalities and conservation authorities continued to acquire lands to be leased to the Minister of Lands and Forests for reforestation and management under the provisions of Section 2 of The Forestry Act, 1952. Counties increased their holdings of such lands during the year by 3, 124*23 acres to a total of 39,423.59 acres; townships, by 100 acres to 1,599*24 acres; and conservation authorities, by 3,042 acres to 19,665.75 acres. Trees planted on Crown lands totalled 6,316,432; on county forests, 3,220,50B; on township forests, 304,950; and on conservation authority forests, 1,039,250. Private land- owners were furnished with 14,599,040 trees for planting on their lands. Summary of Dispositions of Nurseiy Stock April 1, 1954 to March 31, 1955 Planted on lands vested in Her Majesty in right of Ontario 6,316,432 Planted on County, Township and Conservation Authority forests managed by the Minister 4, 564, 708 Furnished in respect of private lands 14, 559,040 Furnished for educational and scientific purposes. .••••.. 26, 349 Miscellany Departmental exhibits, etc 50,676 Balance - Stored at planting sites 1,67^ Total 25,519,383 Trees planted on lands vested in Her Majesty in right of Ontario Administrative District and project Trees Aylmer District: Ontario Forest Station - St. Williams 35,625 Rondeau Provincial Park Forest 4,000 South Walsinghara Township 500 Department of Highways 12,099 Long Point Provincial Park Forest 6,500 Vineland Horticultural Station 1,000 Ontario Hospital - St. Thomas 550 Western Ontario Agriculture School - Ridgetown 700 60,974 Chapleau District: no Township 125,000 2a Township 2,000 127,000 Cochrane District: German Township 421,030 Calder Township 20,000 Allen Island 10,000 Ontario Industrial Farm - Monteith 145 451,175 Fort Frances District: Carpenter Township 11,500 Miscampbell Township S,000 Richardson Township 12,000 Kingsford Township 11,750 Seine River Concession - (O&M) 10,000 Rowe Township 1.000 54,250 Geraldton District: Pic Tovmship Oakes Township Caramat Demonstration Plantation Stevens Demonstration Plantation Colter Tovmship RC 17 (Unsurveyed) Gogama District: Foleyet Township Hespeler District: Ontario Industrial Farm - Burtch Ontario Agricult\ire College Department of Highways Kapuskasing District: O'Brien Township Faurquier Township Devitt Township Studholme Township Coderre Township KemptVllle District: Ontario Forest Station - Kemptville Ontario Industrial Farm - Burritt»s Rapids Ontario Hospital School - Smith Falls Department of Highways Kenora District: Redditt Township McMeekin Township Heenan Area (Lake of the Woods Concc) Angle & Heenan Area Unsurveyed - West of Dewan Township 14,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 4,000 2,000 15,000 12 > 050 128,000 20,900 40,000 12,000 2,000 33,775 12,670 30,000 3>233 6,aoo 3,000 3,000 20,000 16.000 48, 8C Lindsay District: Methuen Township Galway Tovmship Ontario Forest Station - Orono University (of Toronto) Forest Ontario Training School for Boys - Bowmanville Gooderhara Ranger Headquarters Minden Ranger Headquarters Apsley Ranger Headquarters Ontario Provincial Police Tower Site - Smith Township Maple District: East Gid-llimbury Township Ontario Forest Station - Midhurst Ontario Tree Seed Plant - Angus Baxter Township Wood Township Mat che dash Township Vaughan Township Department of Highways Chinguacousy Township North Bay District: Widdifield Township French Township Strathy Township Parry Sound District: Boulter Township Ghisholm Township Mowat Township Stisted Township Skelton Lake Hatchery Islands D-212, D-213 - Henvey Township RCO Burton Township 5 210,000 50,000 37,^25 20,250 800 100 150 100 899 320,124 20,475 16,550 5S 80,000 166,000 26,000 35,700 31,794 ?7? 377,152 1,677 85,425 2,000 89,102 414,040 204,160 450,230 450 2,000 300 2,000 4.000 l,077,ldO Pembroke District: Bower Township Deacon Township Peck Township Stratton Township Head Township Petawawa Township Sproule Township Cameron Township Guthrie Township Fraser Township Lauder Township Port Arthur District: Black Sturgeon Lake Ranger Headquarters Ontario Forest Station - Fort William Unsurveyed - Kab Lake Sibley Provincial Park TB-A-1 Sault Ste. Marie District: Rose Township Kirkwood Township Haughton Township Cobden Township Gaudette Township Tarentorus Township Korah Township Department of Highways Sioux Lookout District: Dome Township Drayton Township Patricia Concession - Moose Area 510,500 a,ooo 5,500 8,400 45^,600 700 400 21,000 6,000 5,000 5.000 1,029,100 1,528 57,770 235,200 20,000 200 314,69a 17,050 11,000 450,000 246,000 210,350 3,000 72 60.000 997,472 1,200 150 16.900 13,250 Sudbxiry District: Shakespeare Tovmship 3,000 Merritt Township 65,500 Dryden Township 100 Bigwood Township 200 Cartier Township 200 Dieppe Township 1,000 Maclennan Township 400 Nairn Township 4^,700 Ontario Industrial Farm - Burwash 50,625 McKim Township 3^ 123 Township 500 170,607 Swastika District: Nordica Township 200,000 Marter Township 60,000 Dack Township 10,500 Department of Highways 500 271,000 Tweed District: Kaladar Township 37 » 050 Limerick Township 236,600 McCl\ire Township 150,400 Sandbanks Forest 13,100 Gilmore Ranger Headquarters 300 Tudor Township 7,900 Faraday Township 101,275 Wollaston Township 7.^00 554,425 White River District: Black River Concession 20,000 HTint Township 110 20,100 Total 6,316,432 Trees planted on County, Township and Conservation Authority forests managed by the Minister County Trees Bruce 181,900 Dufferin 7,000 Grey 241,750 Halton 18,450 Huron 84,300 Kent 9,000 Leeds & Grenville 244,900 Lennox & Addington 65,100 Middlesex 48,850 Northumberland & Durham 299,638 Pre SCO tt & Russell 1,285,495 Simcoe 307,200 Stormont, Dundas & Glengarry 253,925 Victoria 50,000 Waterloo 20,400 Wentworth 49 , 000 York 53.600 3,220,508 Tovmship Cumberland Galway Marlborough Torbolton 40,000 47,000 114,950 103,000 304,950 8 Conservation Authority Ausable Forest 122,^00 Big Creek Forest 59»575 Ganaraska Forest 372,^50 Grand Valley Forest 25,600 Hiimber Valley Forest 166,075 Moira Forest 34,150 Saugeen Forest 206,000 Thames Forest 50.000 1,039,250 Total 4,564,706 Trees furnished in respect of Private land County or District Trees Algoma 276,650 Brant 221,600 Bruce 202,165 Carleton 113,950 Cochrane 700 Dufferin 555,125 Dundas 26,975 Durham 1,271,050 Elgin 174,550 Essex 47,925 Frontenac 77,075 Glengarry IS, 675 Grenville 123,100 Grey 628,075 Haldimand 63,225 Haliburton 111,675 Halton 320,775 Hastings 260,650 Huron 299,500 Kenora 26,500 Kent 107,650 Lambton 229,975 Lanark 157,100 Leeds 5^,775 Lennox & Addington 50,425 Lincoln 49,825 Manitoxilin 69,525 Middlesex 192,500 Muskoka 577,975 Nipissing 159,725 Norfolk 253,200 10 Northumberland 390,525 Ontario 600,600 Oxford 241,600 Parry Soxind 675,275 Peel 439,175 Perth 115,225 Peterborough 25^,425 Prescott 40,550 Prince Edward 24,400 Rainy River 1,375 Renfrew 2^2,325 Russell 23,950 Simcoe 2,246,075 Stormont 33,500 Sudbury 9^,375 Thunder Bay 191,225 Temiskaming 23,375 Victoria 153,525 Waterloo 217,375 Welland 130,525 Wellington 5 ^0 , 925 Wentworth 260,925 York 603.175 Total 14,559,040 11 NURSERY STOCK FURNISHED EACH YEAR 1945 TO 1955 Units 1945 11,2^0,931 1946 13,175,575 1947 12,269,533 194a 13,049,776 1949 17,700,970 1950 19,027,^7 1951-52 20,749,266 1952-53 24,241,754 1953-54 23,447,660 1954-55 25,519,363 Total 180,462,907 12 Coimty Forests March 31, 1955 Acres Brant 50.00 Bruce 13,623.75 Dufferin 2,042.00 Grey 6,663.03 Halt on 1,545.63 Huron 1,339.00 Kent 100.00 Lanark 2,100.00 Leeds & Grenville 5,135.00 Lennox & Addington 713.00 Middlesex 230.00 Northumberland & Durham 4,765.00 Ontario 1,553.00 Oxford 713.00 Prescott & Russell 22,003.91 Renfrew 221.00 Simcoe 12,330.73 Stormont, Dundas & Glengarry 1,706.45 Victoria 7,045.00 Waterloo 5 33. 00 Wentworth 76O . 00 York 3,535.99 Total 39,423.59 13 Tovmship Forests March 31» 1955 Acres Bonfield 60.00 Ciimberland 3oa.44 Galway 100.00 Torbolton 430.30 Marlborough 200.00 Total 1,599.24 14 Conservation Authorities March 3I, I955 Acres Ausable 9^1.00 Big Creek 200.00 Ganaraska 6,546.00 Grand Valley 1,425.00 Humber Valley 7I3.OO Middle Maitland 250.00 Moira 2,121.00 Napanee 2,2^1.00 Saugeen 2,^39.00 Upper Thames 2,509.75 Total 19,^65.75 15 SECTION NO. 10 DIVISION of RESEARCH DIVISION OF RESEARCH GENERAL INTRODUCTION In reviewing the research work for the past year, several subjects may be selected for general comment here. Marked progress has been made In the evaluation of forest management problems and the establishment of projects. For example, knowledge gained from research in forest site classification and sampling techniques has reached a point where a large-scale program of systematic mapping of the forest sites of the whole province may be undertaken* The establishment of white pine regeneration and growth projects in the Petawawa Management Unit was completed in 195^9 ^^^ examination will commence in 1955. Progress has been made in the study of the silvlcal characteristics of yellow birch in the Swan Lake area of Algonquin Park. The same applies to the pulping species in the Port Arthur area where research has proceeded in cutting methods ) planting and seeding; and in the Cochrane Clay Belt, where cutting systems in black spruce, regeneration in mixed stands, and. aspen thinnings have been the most recently pressed projects* In south-western Ontario | the exploration work which started in 1952 has developed into a number of projects including the sllvics and silviculture of silver maple, tree poisoning as a sllvlcultural tool, woodlot studies, artificial seeding, and several types of pruning* Tree breeding research received an added stimulus in the direction of poplar through the demands of Industry for aspen hybrids for immediate use in the jplantations of a group of pulp and paper companies. In 195^, reforestation research was started when a research forester was added to the staff of the Research Division to further a co-operative program' ,th the Reforestation Division in nursery and planting practices. Projects were ertaken in planting depths and methods, nursery stock packaging, culling and ading of seedlings, nursery stock Inventory, and nursery treatments. In the field of fisheries research, it was concluded by the end of 195**- ,t the major factor influencing the lake trout population in Lake Superior was lamprey* It is thought that additional research is not justified until the ultimate status of the lamprey Is determined and the effect of lamprey control undertaken by the Federal Government is properly assessed. Several mile-posts have been passed in wildlife research. The vege- tation map of the Wilderness Research area, which was started in 19^9> was completed in 195^9 ^^^ will be related to other projects* The series of phono- logical plots in the area, which were established in 19^9 have now been established in 11 representative plant communities* Sufficient data have been accumulated from beaver in the deciduous forest to show sex and age ratios of colonies and the physical character of dams and ponds in the study curea* A still for the distillation of essential oils from conifer leaves^ mostly leaves of black spruce, was built in 195^ and successfully operated by the Mechanical Research Section of the Division. This still was of the single charge type and it was considered by observers that a continuous process still would have some advantage* This was designed and made and is now in process of being tested* Millions of pounds of conifer foliage are produced each year in the process of logging, and a valuable oil may be obtained from it* The yield to be expected runs from -J* to 1 percent of the weight of foliage and the sales value Is around $2 per pound at present* If this still is successful, a valuable product will be added to the long list already obtained from the forest* In the following pages a more detailed report of the foregoing and other projects Is given* SILVICULTURS AND SOIL The activities of the Sllvloultore and Soli Researoh team for the fiscal year 195*<-55 were concentrated in the continuation of previously estab- lished programs and projects* Preliminary discussions were held and plans made for several new programs. Regional Site Research The main purpose of this program, which was initiated in 19Mt-y is to evaluate land in its capability to produce forest, fish, and wildlife, both in regard to yield and quality, and to evaluate the capability of undeveloped northern Ontario Isuids for agricultural developmente Field work was concentrated in the white pine belt of the South Centred and the South Eastern regions. Reconnaissance work provided supporting data for previously established site districts* Field surveys covered 6,000 square miles of which ^,000 square miles were mapped on a landtype basis. More detailed information was obtained concerning the interrelationships of forest and local conditions in soil and climate, particularly with respect to hemlock and red spruce* Assistance was given to a co-operative experiment studying pathological conditions in yellow birch in Algonquin Park, carried on by the Science Service of the Canada Department of Agriculture and the Regional Research Forester* An investigation was initiated to study the usefulness of vcurious types of aerial photographs for site inventory* Several instructional courses were given to groups of foresters, in jwhich the Ontario approach to site was presented* Silvicultural Researoh in the Petawawa Management Unit The main object of the work, i^ich was initiated in eastern Algonquin Park in 1951 > has been to study growth and regeneration of white and red pine and thereby assist in solving some of the silviculturcLL problems of forest management in the Petawawa Management Unit* Experimental regeneration cuttings and small scale thinnings constitute the main work. In order to assess the effects of the lesser vegetation on the survival and development of tree seedlings, the phonological studies begun In 1953 are continuing. The meteorological studies begun In 1952 are being main- tained, the present objective being to Investigate the changes In ecocllmate due to the various methods of cutting* Additional projects of a supplementary nature Include the following: (1) An ecological Investigation of a natural burn, (2) a study of the sllvlcultural significance of forest succession, (3) a study of the effects of wildlife on vegetation, (k) a radial Increment study using a dial gauge dendrometer, (5) a reproduction cutting In a tolerant hardwood stand, and (6) a collection of tree volume data for volume table construction* Greenhouse Research An Investigation Is being conducted to correlate amounts of plant nutrients In sand culture with concentrations of the same nutrients In the foliage* Work Is also being done under controlled conditions to study the basic causes of compression wood formation In conifers* Co-operative Experiment at Heron Bay, Ontario (RC-17) This experimental work, conducted by several co-operating public and private agencies. Is designed to find satisfactory means of obtaining spruce regeneration In upland mlxedwood stands* The Division of Research Is responsible for some of the ecological studies, the site mapping, and the technical direction of the project* The Reforestation-Research Co-operative Program A co-operative program has been developed between the Reforestation and Research divisions to apply research methods and findings to the evaluation and solution of problems of reforesting Crown lands* Work done In 195^ Included! (1) Site Inventory — to assess conditions from an ecological point of view with particular respect to planting problems, and (2) experimentation — to test methods of reforesting unproductive land and converting stands of unmerchantable hardwood* The first experiment, an underplantlng and release experiment, was established In 195^. A plan has been submitted for conducting a plantation assessment program to study planting problems on shallow soils in the Lindsay district. FOREST TREB BREEDING Breeding work with white pine, aspen poplars ^ and two-needled pines continued to be the main projects during the year under review* White Pine The provenance test plantations established in 1950 and 1951 were tallied* The results show that the materials tested can be subdivided into a northern group, growing on acid soils of granitic origin, and a southern group growing largely on calcareous soils* The strains within each group show similar survival and rate of growth. Northern strains show slow growth €Uid much damplng-off in the nursery when grown in southern Ontario* Southern strains show poor survival and growth in northern plantations* The acquisition of new materials comprised scions from six selected plus-trees from southern Ontario and seeds of 11 populations of western white pine from Spokane, Wash* Four seedling populations of southern white pine were received from the Petawawa Forest Experiment Station to be grown and tested at the Southern Research Station* Scions of six hybrid pines were grafted on to low side branches of old trees, to induce early flowering* Scions of some early flowering Scotch pine and Japanese red pine were grafted on to white pine seedlings, as the first step . in the production of double grafts that are expected to induce early flowering* An experimental grafting on Japanese black pine resulted in good take and survival of Balkan and Himalayan white pine, and no survival of eastern and western white pine* An experiment in fall grafting, using nine different combinations of inner and outer bags to protect the scions through the winter, was started* In hybridization a new cross, Balkan x Himalayan white pine, made in ^953) produced many good seeds* Crosses of eastern white x Japanese white and western white x Balkan white pine were effected on a fairly large scale in 195^. Black currant shoots with green leaves were used in the inoculation of white pine test materials with blister rust instead of the detached black currant leaves used in former years. This new method is more rapid and promises \ more thorough infection than the old one. The use of plastic hose sprinklers further enhanced the possibility of heavy infection. Two hundred yo\ing white // pine in a test plantation near Ottawa were selected for freedom from blister ff rust under conditions of heavy natural infection. / « Aspen Poplars New scion and seedling materials from Hungary showed great promise for direct use and further breeding work. A beaker test for rooting capacity from stem cuttings was devised, to replace former tests in the nursery. Mass selection of some seedling populations in respect to rooting capacity was started. The breeding work was subdivided into: (1) Mass production of the most promising hybrids for industrial use, (2) breeding of early-flowering materials to serve as stock for grafting, to induce early flowering in important breeding materials, and (3) incorporation of good rooting capacity from stem cuttings of silver poplar and other species into aspen hybrids. Good progress has been made in all these three phases. A new method of aspen seedling production was worked out, involving the use of krilium, to improve the soil structure in seed beds, followed by soil sterilization with methyl bromide. This resulted in very good stands of seedlings after direct broadcast sowing. Several new poplar test plantations were established in co-operation with wood-using industries. A new method of fixing and staining of poplar chromosomes has been worked out. Some poplar wood tests were carried out in eo-operation with a furniture factory using poplar wood, and several experiments in the rejuvenation of old poplar materials were started» An Industrial Hybrid Poplar Committee was established to utilize the products of current poplar breeding efforts at the Southern Research Station. Two-needled Pines Several new materials of Japanese black and red pine were acquired, cmd crosses involving shoot-moth resistant Asiatic pines and susceptible native red and Scotch pine were carried out on a relatively small scale. A test plantation, for evaluating resistance to shoot-moth, was established at the Southern Research Station* REFORESTATION NURSERY AND PLANTING RESEARCH Planting Depths and Methods Experiments In July 195^, Research Report #26, entitled "Planting Depths and Methods Izperlments** was published. This summarized the series of experiments planted farom 19^8 to 1952 to study the effect of planting trees at various depths and by •everal common methods of hand planting, namely t cone, wedge, slit, and **T''« The species studied were white pine, red pine, and white spruce* Nursery Stock Packaging Experiment Research Report #27, also published in July 195**-, was entitled "Narsery ■^tock Packaging Experiment"* This is a report of an experiment designed to study burlap bales as an alternative to wooden crates as a method of packaging nursery stock* The experiment showed that there was a real difference in mortality between bales and crates but that the difference was subject to considerable variation and was not excessive* As a result of this work, the nurseries of the Department are packaging a much larger proportion of their stock in bales* Nursery Stock Inventory A progress report, "Nursery Stock Inventory", was prepared in January L95^* This was sent to each of the nurseries* Inventories taken in the s\immer md fall of 195^ by the nursery stciffs were taken largely in accordance with our recommendations presented in the progress reports Culling and Grading Experiment In the fall of 195^, the second planting of white spruce stock, both ihippable and cull, from Orono, Mldhurst, and St* Williams nurseries was estab- ^shed at the three planting sites* Each tree was again tagged and photographed t in the previous year* It is planned to continue with this species for a third •ar* In the fall of 195^ a mortality count of the 1953 planting was made* •cause of the mass of detail required, six measurements for each of lO^SOO rees each year, it has been necessary to use IBM card punch and comptometry ystems to compile the data for study* Nursery Treatments Experiment A study of root and top pruning of white spruce 2-2 was conducted at the Midhurst Nursery during the growing season of 195^» Different degrees and times of root and top priming were carried out. The stock was planted in a designed experiment near Powassan in the spring of 1955> incorporating a treat- ment of rooting hormones© It is expected that first results of this study will be available in the form of a survival coTint in the fall of 1955* Straw Fumigation Experiment A study of the effect of straw mulch on the population of weeds and the weeding costs of seed beds was started in 19^5* An experiment was started on fall sown beds of 195*^ using ordinary straw compared to straw treated with MCp and straw treated with steaia as mulch. It is planned to compare weed population and costs through the growing season of 1955* Nursery Stock Packaging, 1955 A study into the possibility of obtaining a cheaper material than sphagnum moss as the moisture retaining agent in packaging was started in 195^. :A. designed experiment of four treatments s sphagnum, locally collected moss, poplar wood wool, and poplar wood wool treated with a wetting agent was conducted at Kemptville Nursery* Bales of the fo\ir treatments were planted at half -week intervals for nine plantings at Larose Forest covering a period of h^ weeks. The first results of this experiment will be obtained from a survival count in the fall of 1955* To assist in this experiment, the Mechanics Section under Mr. M. Ho Baker constructed a mechanical baling machine with an electric motor. Polyethylene Packaging A small quantity of nursery stock was packed at the Fort William Nursery in three comparative wrapping materials! burlap, polyethylene, and kraft paper. This was planted in a designed experiment in Algonquin Park in the spring of 1955. Information has been obtained on the ability of these materials to withstand damage during handling and shipping. Further testing of materials is planned. 8 MISCELLANEOUS FORESTRY PROJECTS Seed Treatment and Coating Research on coating tree seeds was started In 19^6. The object of this project Is to treat seed to Increase the germination and survlvalf cmd to devise and test means of reforestation by direct seeding* A number of experiments have been conducted In the laboratory and In the field* In 1952) tests Indicated an Improved coating for seeds using calcium llgno sulphonate, a waste liquor from the pulp sulphide Industry* Field data from direct seeding studies Indicated some optimum depths for seeding* Experi- mentation with the **Wallclng-stlck** seeder disclosed that the seed of the pine species could be seeded satisfactorily without being coated* During 1953 a coating consisting of calcium llgno sulphonate and flyash was experimented with until a satisfactory pellet for white and black spruce seed was evolved* Three sites were seeded in Algonquin Park with the "Walking- stick** seeder using pelleted white spruce seed and unpelleted red and white pine seed* Results of this seeding were recorded in 195^* Seed treatment and coating project was concluded in 195^* Cargo Dropping In 1951 research was started on design and construction of suitable cargo parachutes for dropping supplies and equipment from aircraft to forest fire fighters* In 1952 a number of parachutes made from ^ oz* factory cotton were field tested* Eleven-foot and 8-foot diameter size cargo parachutes wer« extensively used in the field in 1953* A l6-foot diameter size 'chute was designed and field tested for pump work in 195^* These larger parachutes wer« 'supplied to the field for operation during 195**'* Future work should consist largely of a service nature developing items and techniques upon demand or request* Project **Cargo Dropping** as originally designated is now considered completed* East Gwillimbury Eatperimental Project The Bast Gwlllimbiipy Experimental Project was started in the fall of 19^9 • The main objectives are the study of the growth rate for tree spacings of six, nine, and 12-foot intervals, the effectiveness of annual pruning of conifers and deciduous trees, the study of compat ability and regeneration of our common species, and the establishment of a plantation in an easily accessible area containing the majority of species. Replacements have been carried out as necessary in the spacing experi- ment o Approximately 20 acres of the main plantation were planted in 1952 and 20 acres in 1953» Annual pruning was commenced in 195^» REGIONAL RESEARCH FORESTERS MID-TSBSTBRN REGION Research conducted during the past year was once again divided into the two fields of silviculture and research co-ordination. Silvicultural Research This portion of the research activities was confined to projects dealing with regeneration problems of the conmiercially important tree species* Studies in the three fields: cutting methods to promote regeneration; tree plantini and artificial seeding, were either initiated or continued* Cutting Methods Research The work in this field is of necessity of a long term nature and con- sists of the establishment of peimanent study areas where variations in the normal cutting methods can be introduced and their effects studied. In 195^-55 the work was continued as follows: (a) The variations and controls established in the Auden area in 19^ and 1952 were re-examined. (b) The final scarification portion of the variation established in the Dog River area was completed. The permanent sample plots were also re-established and examined. 10 Planting Research In planting research, the over-all objective has been the establishment of experimental plantations to test theories advanced which might have practical applications in the field of reforestation. (a) Survival counts were made on the spacing plantation established in 1950. This test plantation is comprised of four coniferous species planted at three spacings and replicated three times* (b) Survival counts were made on the root pruning and root induction experiment established in 1953 • This test plantation is comprised of three coniferous species planted *ith two degrees of root pruning, one root induction treatment, with the necessary controls. In 195^ an identicetL plantation was established for fxirther studies in this project. (c) Survivsil studies were made on plantations established in 1953 which consisted of trees which had been held in cold-storage over a season. This project was initiated to test the effects of summer planting of trees v^ich had been spring lifted and cold-stored until the planting time. Three coniferous species were test-planted in this way. A further plantation was established in 195^ in the same manner, but utilizing four coniferous species. (d) Small block plantations of species not native to north-western Ontario were established in 195^. To test adaptability, plantations of Norway spruce, lodgepole pine, Dunkeld larch, and B.C. fir were established* Seeding Research As in planting, the objective of artificial seeding research has been to test seeding theories which might have practical uses in forestry. Inoorporatod with these practical trials are small-scale basic research studies. In 195^9 this program consisted of the following s (a,) Making survival coiints and analysing the results in the spring and fall of the shade and protection tests established in 1953* These tests are aimed at determining the effects of fall exposure, partial shading, full shading, and oaging on seed spots« (b) Making an examination of the results of the comprehensive seed-probo test established in 1952, in eo-operation with the Great Lakes Paper Company* 11 (c) The establishment of a further seed-probe test, in co-operation with the Abitibi Power and Paper Company. An attempt was made to restock bulldozed strip-roads to black spruce using the hand seeder. (d) The establishment of trials to test the effects of several protective measures aimed at reducing rodent damage to seed and new germinants. The measures tested were: seed encased in paper rolls contsdning powdered humus; seeds sown and covered with upright sections of cardboard tubing; and deep-hole sowing. These tests were established under both high and low shrub cover* Research Go-ordination In the co-ordination phase of the work, slow but satisfactory progress can be reported for our endeavours this past year. The objective of the co- ordination committee, which is comprised of both industrial and governmental representatives, is to place research in northwestern Ontario on a sound co- ordinated basis. Forestry Library The Lakehead Institute Library, which is operated by the Reseeorch Division, functioned satisfactorily during the year. An increased interest was shown in the growing collection of forestry literature. NORTHERN REGION The main work conducted during the year 195^-55 is summarized belowt Gutting Systems in Black Spruce This experiment was laid out in 1951* The last cutting was done in 1953, when eight plots were cut from a total of 18. In 195^ the cut-over plots were examined and tallies taken on the mil-acre plots. These plots will be examined annually as will the others as they are cut. Seed Bed Preparation in Mixed Stands This project was laid out and treatment completed in the summer of 1953* The plots were re-examined and tallied for regeneration weekly during the summer of 195^» Annual re-examination will continue for some years. 12 Thinnings In Aspen The young stand was thinned In 1953* It was remeasured In 195^* Poster Comparison Study At the request of the Division of Forest Protection a study was made on poster durability under severe weather conditions. A new plastic covered poster iras tested* Essential Oils A pilot plant for the distillation of essential oils from spruce foliage iras set up at Heron Bay* This project was Integrated with a new logging technlqpi* being developed by the Ontario Paper Company* This technique, whereby tree lengths irere carried to a central landing, resulted In the accumulation of large amounts 9f slash. To overcome this, the slash was put through a chipper to reduce Its irolume and make It easier to handle* It was this chipped material that provided the leaf still with Its raw naterletl* The still was In operation during the Annual Field Meeting of the forestry Advisory Committee to the Research Council of Ontario* A great deal of Interest was aroused among the delegates, In the distillation process* The still functioned satisfactorily for purposes of demonstration but iras too slow for production use* About five gallons of high grade essential oil vas produced during the demonstration* Further refinements to the boiler and still are planned In order to Increase production* The site of future tests will be the Research Block In the Cochrane District* Seed Collection for Greenland At the request of the Danish Government through the Forestry Branch, several pounds of white spruce seed were collected near the mouth of the French Uver on the James Bay coastcuL plidn* Other Work During the summer some time was spent In the field with resesuroh parties rrom other organizations* W* K* W. Baldwin from the NatloncuL Museum, Ottawa, completed his work m the Clay Belt flora. Two days were spent In the field with him* D* W* MacLean, Forestry Branch, Ottawa, was visited during his studies >f stand histories In mixed stands* Preliminary work was done In connection with a project planned for next ear in the Bnglehart Management Unit* 1^ Organization work was initiated on the formation of a local^ committee on co-ordinated research. It is hoped to form a sub-committee to the Forestry Advisory Committee to the Research Council of Ontario. SOUTH CENTRAL BEGION The study of the silyical characteristics of the species occurring in the tolerant hardwood stands was continued throughout 1$^ and 1955o Tliis program was initiated at Swan Lake in 19^9 and originally applied to yellow birch. The work now includes all the commercial species of this area* The following is a brief outline of the work in progress. Swan Lake Program During 195^-55) the results of the experimental logging were studied in detail and permanent sample plots were established under three sets of conditions t i) Uncut stands ii) Normal light selection cut lii) Experimental clear-cut patches. The measurements and observations indicate obvious benefits of the experimental logging with respect to yellow birch germination^ survival y and height growth* The work on direct site measurements was continued* Air and soil temperatures, relative humidity, eind other factors are being recorded* The Tirork carried out towards the development of a birch seed orchard was continued this year* Scions were collected during the winter logging operation in 195^ and were grafted at Angus for planting at Swan Lake in the spring* In 1953) a special study of deer browse upon birch was initiated and the program was enlarged this year* The survey has indicated an unexpected importance of deer damage to seedlings, and to further the study a number of deer exclosures were erected* Seedlings within the exclosures are now being measured and compared with seedlings that suffer normal browse* The Laboratory of Forest Pathology completed the decay studies at Swan Lake« This work was carried out in co-operation with the Regional Research office and a report of the findings is expected this fall. Regional Program During October and November 195^, stand improvement programs were carried out in the following townships t Conger, Sherborne, and UcClintock* The Regional Research office actively participated In the planning and execution of these programso A series of permanent sample plots were established to evaluat* the work, which was primarily a release program In second growth tolerant hard- wood stands* The sample plots were established with a view to studying the following! 1) The effectiveness of Esteron 2-*f-yr as a basal spray 11) The response of the trees selected for release 111) The results of direct seeding of pine, spruce, and birch. SOUTH WESTERN REGION L» Sllvlcs and Silviculture of Silver Maple The study, established In 1953 In a 19-year old silver maple stand of sopplce origin, was continued In 195^* All live trees, following three degrees 3f thinning by poisoning and cutting, were tallied by d«b*ho A record was kept jf the number, size, and occurrence of coppice from stumps cut at four different periods of the year, as well as the occurrence of epicormic branching. Effects >f thinning by poisoning and cutting on the regeneration and ground cover was loted* 2» Poisoning as a Silvi cultural Tool A silver maple stand was thinned using Esteron 2-^-5^ in late 1953 and Ln 195^» The stand was given three degrees of thinning (light, medium, and heavy). Cn all instances, the poorest trees were removed to permit unimpeded growth for the "select" trees. A second growth silver maple-white elm stand was also thinned with isteron 2-^-5^. In this Instance only the low quality elm were removed. All treated trees had %o be girdled or frilled to permit the poison to reach the sambium layer. Results were not satisfactory as the elm appeared to be somewhat resistant to the poison. 5. Use of Dalapouy a Grass Poison^ to Assist in Natural and Artificial Regeneration These studies will be expanded in 1955 and 1956 providing there is a seed year on the commercially important tree species in the region. *"• Woodlot Studies Mr. I. C. Marritt, District Forester at Hespeler, established ten years igo a series of permsment sample plots in various woodlot s throughout the Huron )istriet. The Research Division has undertaken to assist the District staff in studying these plots* 1^ 5« Artificial Seeding Seeding studies were undertaken In Matchedash township at the request of Mr« R. Lane, Management Forester, at Coldwater. Previous work In that town- ship had Indicated that there was some possibility of seeding white pine on selected sites* 6« Hardwood Pruning Studies Most of the woodlots In southern Ontario have been logged from time to time with little thought for the next crop of trees • Consequently, such trees tend to be branchy and many of them, If permitted to reach maturity, would make either low grade, knotty lumber or firewoods With this thought In mind, six acres of second growth hardwoods were pruned to a height of approximately 18 feet* A time study was made on the entire operation, and a number of pruning tools were testedo 7. Christmas Tree Pruning Studies At the Instigation of Messrs, Marrltt, Steele, and Davidson of the Huron District office, a study was started to determine the effects of pruning at different times of the year on the subsequent growth of the following year. At 'the same time, five degrees of pninlng were Incorporated Into the experiment. These consisted of removing two, four, eight, and 18 Inches of leader growth. There was a replication of 10 for each treatment. The experiment was repeated 10 times during the growing and dormant seasons. 8» Seran Screening for Seed Beds It was decided to test this plastic as a possibility for use on shading on seed beds. Preliminary results indicated that it was capable of keeping out seed-eating birds, and at the same time providing adequate shade for the tender seedlings. Unfortunately, this plastic is rather expensive, costing approximately 11^ sq. ft. 16 FISHERIES The fisheries research program in 195^ received considerable Impetus from the Dominion-Provincial agreement for lamprey control and research on the Great Lakes. New projects were initiated on Lake Huron and Lake Superior and the study of the Bay of Quinte whlteflsh was taken over from the Pish and Wildlife Division. Economic studies and biometrlcal analyses were carried out, with half the cost being met by the Federal Government* Research on inland fisheries was confined mainly to Algonquin Pcork, although one other project was ceirrled out in co-operation with the Parry Sound District. Leike Superior The lake trout population of Lake Superior is seriously threatened by the recent invasion of the sea lamprey. The principal f^^v* of the research in this area is to determine the status of the lake trout population and to follow any changes that may take place. This information will aid in evaluating the lamprey control measures underway. It would seem, from a preliminary analysis of the lake trout catch per unit of glllnet effort, that the Lake Superior trout fishery is already in a very -precarious position. The frequency of lamprey scars on lake trout suggests that lampreys are well established in most of the Canadian waters of Lake Superior, with higher predation occurring on the east shore and in the Whlteflsh Bay eurea. One population of trout, inhabiting the Superior shoal in midlake, is still rela- tively free of predation. Lake Huron Lake Huron activities were centered aiTOXtnd the experimental fishery at South Bay, where fishing pressure is placed on both desirable and undesirable species with the purpose of increasing the production of game and commercially valuable fish. Analyses have been made of the production of lake trout and bass* The disappearance of South Bay lake trout as a result of lamprey predation has been well documented. The smallmouth bass population appears to have been well utilized by anglers. In spite of this, climatic factors rather than fishing pressure appear to be more Important in effecting their abundance. Similarly, 17 studies of other species indicate that fishing pressure has had little effect in reducing their ahtindanoe* It has become increasingly apparent that there is a high potential production of fish at present unutilized in Lake Raron. It is estimated that at least 2000 tons of fish now unutilized are available each year in the Manitoulln Island area* One of the principal problems facing the laboratory is that of developing uses for this production* Smelt , which are the most namerous species in terms of numbers and total weight, have been processed and sold as both human and animal food* About 80 tons of smelt were frozen in 195^ and the major portion sold to local mink ranchers* A small amount of frozen cooked fish have been supplied each year to the Ontario Veterinary College , Guelph| which is engaged in testing fish diets for mink* Other projects at South Bay incltlde plantings to re-establish lake trout| introduction of the speckled -lake trout hybrids , studies of lamprey predation in Lake Huroui and routine hydrographio observations* Lake Erie Investigations of a general nature were initiated on Lake Brie in 1953* These were followed in 195^ by a closer examination of the fish populations* Boutlne examinations of the oommerolal catch were started to provide , among other things I the age structure of the various populations* This is basic information for any proper understanding of the factors affecting abundance* To supplement these data some 2000 fish were tagged and their movements throughout the lake followed by the information provided by recaptures* A general economic study was commenced in 195^ to consider annual fluo- taatlons in fish produotloni the value of production, level of employment, and the relative earning power of persons employed in the fishing Industry on Lake Erie* Lake Ontario The research program on Lake Ontario was largely concerned with continued •tudies of the Bay of Quinte whitefish population* Since 19Mf plantings in alternate years have been made without significant effect on the production of whitefish in the Bay of Quinte area* Detailed examination of the population has now been started to discover some other way of increasing production* Tagging X8 returns to date suggest that a large proportion of the whlteflsh stooks are taken annually* Further study is aimed at determining if adjustments of fishing pressure will allow increased production* Lake trout are rarely taken in Lake Ontario where they were once .abundant* In an attempt to re-establish lake trout, plantings of marked fish have been made by both the Province of Ontario and the State of New Tork* An evaluation of these plantings forms part of the Lake Ontario program* Algonquin Pcurk The present program in Algoncjuin Park, which is attempting to find ways of maintaining and improving the sports fishing, follows two main lines* First, it is attempting to adjust fishing pressure by one means or another to a level that will give the most efficient use of the game fish population* Second, it Is attempting to discover what improvements to the environment will give increased production* Some promising techniques, such as lake closure, fertillBation, re* stocking, and the construction of artificial spawning areas have not been entirely effective* Certain refinements may make them more effective* The creel oenstM and studies of the habits and requirements of the game fish of the area contiooe to suggest where weaknesses in these techniques lie* Parry Sound District In 195^ research personnel joined the field staff of the Parry Sound district in a study aimed at the improved management of the pickerel sport fishery in Three Mile Lake, Huskoka District* In an effort to improve growth and better utilisation of the stock, transfers of fish were made from Three Ulle to other lakes, and the minimum legal length for pickerel suspended* A tagging program and creel census were initiated in order to follow any changes that might occur in the fishery as a result of this action* WILDLIFB Wildlife Research Station, Algonquin Park The summer program began April 28 and concluded October 30* Phenologloal plots established in 19^ were expanded to cover 11 19 representative plant communities* Succession and weather data were also recorded. The vegetation map of the research area, begun in 19^» was completed. It will provide basic information on the distribution of vegetation types, which will be -useful for other studies. A series of projects was begun in 19^5 to study fluctuations in popul- ations of forest birds, and determine differences in species composition and population density in various forest types. A plot prepared in an aspen stand was used in 195^ to provide a population estimate in this type of forest. A part of the information required relating to the ecology of small mammals — life-history, habits, population changes, and habitat — pertains to that important little creature, the deer mouse. In 195^ j trapping on the permanently established lines shov/ed that the survival of deer mice during the winter had been Mgh, and mortality of young born in the spring had also been high. The population estimate was double that of the previous year. The low percentage of recaptures of beaver in the live-trapping program continues to indicate a liigh population turnover in areas of poor food supply. Sufficient data have been collected to show the sex and age ratios of colonies, as well as the physical character of dams and ponds. An intensive investigation of food utilization in two colonies of beavers was continued. Aerial photos were taken of conditions surrounding 12 colonies in 195^» The work so far suggests that much of the beaver range in Algonquin Park is marginal and deteriorating, because of poor regeneration of favoured foods, forest succession and very high beaver population. Sex and age ratios suggest unstable colonies and transiency. The new marten tagging techniques, developed in 1953, were proven effective in 195^ by the better recaptxire record. This improvement assures of more reliable data in the futxire on movements of marten in the intensive study of the distribution and movements of this valuable fur -bearer. Wildlife Habitat Improvement Previous work on an experimental plantation of seven species of Lespedeza located at the Southern Research Station showed that only one, L.bicolour natob. produced seed. Experimentation was started last year with this species in the hope that it will have a place in habitat improvement in southern Ontario latitudes. 20 A number of plantings of various species of trees and shrubs were made In 195^ on sites selected In 1953 In two south-western Ontario townships, to determine the ability of various species to withstand the shock of transplanting | to permit growth rate study, and to Indicate what effect they may have on the wildlife In the Immediate vicinity. During the year, drought caused severe losses in both townships. Weather appears to be the most Important limiting factor, but grass competition Is also severe. Laboratory Studies During the past year, 750 specimens comprising whole animals and various organs were examined as part of a continuing survey of disease conditions and anomalies of birds and mammsilso The collection of parasites was reorganized* Blghty-flve representative specimens were stained or cleared sind mounted for reference. Approximately 150 reports were sent to the members of the field staff who had submitted specimens for examination. Additional data were obtained on normal weights and measurements of birds and mammals to enable recognition of abnormalities. General conclusions may be drawn vhen a sufficient volume of these data is on hand. A large number of waterfowl have been examined to determine the pro* portion which is carrying lead shot in the muscles. This may provide an index to the intensity of hunting to which the population is subjected, based on the assumption that the number of birds bearing shot from non-crlpling wounds will be proportional to the amount of shot fired at the entire population. In the winter of 195^55 birds of 15 species, totalling 568, were examined. The highest incidence of shot occurred in the greater scaup, followed by American goldeneye and canvasback. Preliminary examination in 1953-5**- of some moose ovaries suggested that the entire breeding history of a cow might be determined from a study of these organs. The ovaries of a number of cows from various parts of the province wer« examined, and the evidences of pregnancy in the ovaries were related to data on the age of cows and the number of embryos in their uteri. Among the Important findings was the discovery of positive evidence of pregnancy in cow moose in the second year. In an effort to find an acciirate method for determining the age of beaver, a laboratory study was begun to relate physical characteristics to age* Animals of kno?ni age are being examined , with reference to changes In size and shape of such parts as slmlls* The acctuniLLatlon of data on the diagnostic characteristics of mammalian hairs continued. Assistance was provided to the District offices through the .identification of hairs for law enforcement pui^oses* A general survey of the role of predators in fish hatcheries was initiate by circularizing the District offices for information on the extent of losses at hatcheries to such predators as herons , kingfishers, and mink* Big Game The survey of snow conditions in relation to big game, begun in the winter of 1952-53, was continued through the winter of 19 5^-55« Data on snow depth from 8^ stations operated by District personnel were compiled weekly* The detailed study of the effects of depth and physical properties of snow on the movements of deer, initiated at the Wildlife Research Station in Algonquin Park in the winter of 1953-5**'? was continued. Variations in activity in relation to snow and weather conditions were determined by counts of various tjrpes of new trails made by the deer. During the hunting season in November, 195^, complete records were obtained of hunting effort, distribution of kill, and of the sex, ages, and weight of 117 deer harvested in the South Cononto Township in the Tweed District. During the summer of 195^, a survey by helicopter was made of Big Island, Lake-of-the-Woods, and it was found that the ad\ilt sex ratio of moose was not significantly different from 1j1| there were eight calves for every 10 adult cows. The breeding experiments were continued in the colony of coyotes and hybrids at Midhurst. Sufficient data were obtained to clarify some points of identification of coyotes, timber wolves, domestic dogs, and hybrids. 22 PHYSICS Research In the physical limnology of the Great Lakes was assigned as the ma^or task for the physics group, this being part of the Great Lakes Research program* The research Is aimed primarily at application to commercial fisheries y .. 1ro.t the Information Is valuable to studies of lake pollution and of shore erosion as well* Monthly synoptic surveys were made In Georgian Bay and In Lake Huron; those In the latter were done as a co-operative project with the University of Michigan. Measurements of lake temperatures, chemical constitution, and crirrents were made In preliminary assessment of the seasonal variations In the physical nature of these bodies of water* In time It will be possible to relate these changes to the movements and growth of populations of fish and the aquatic life upon which they feed* Arrangements were made for conducting similar surveys In lakes Erie and Ontario In 1955* The Great Lakes studies were partially Interrupted In the winter by a hydrologlcal study of the floods from Hurricane Hazel* Field observations were made of the effects of the floods, and of the precipitation that caused them, In collaboration Yrlth other sections In the Division of Research and with the aid of other Divisions* The report based on these studies Incorporated In addition a number of recommendations concerning flood control and flood warnings* MECHANICAL SECTION The projects and other work carried out by the Mechanical Section are described below* Conifer Leaf Still The construction of this still for extracting essential oils from conifer leaves was completed In June 195^* During the summer months, numerous tests were conducted, and In September the apparatus was set up at one of the Ontario Paper Company's camps about 50 miles north of Heron Bay* Due to the special feat\ires Incorporated In the design of this apparatus | the oil extraction time was reduced from six to four hours* 5^ The oil yield was not as high as expected. There may have been tiro reasons for this: (1) Extraction from s\ammer leaves may be lover than from spring J leaves, and (2) the boiler capacity was insufficient. A more suitable boiler has since been procured. As a result of these tests, a new type of still is being designed, having a capacity of about 800 lbs. of raw material per hour. This still will operate on the continuous process principle, which, it is hoped, will still further cut down on the oil extraction time. For ease of transport, this apparatus will be trailer- mounted, so that it can be easily set up at any suitable pulp cutting operation. If an economical apparatus can be produced for extracting the essential oils from conifer leaves, it will be possible to utilize large quantities of raw forest material which are now going to waste. Post Peeler A post peeler, to be used in the County forests of the Lake Simcoe District, was produced in the winter of 195^* A machine of this capacity is calculated to peel a maximum of 38 posts per hour. It can be driven by any tractox equipped with a power take-off. Tree Baler An electrically operated tree baler was produced for studying new methods of shipping nursery tree stock. This machine will turn out bales up to 18 inches in diameter. It has also been found that baled trees are well suited for dropping from aircraft to remote planting areas. This machine will be tested at the provincial nurseries during the spring shipping seasono Pack Tractors Several minor modifications were made in the commercially produced pack tractors. Engineering Services Layout plans and specifications were prepared for the dlesel-powered ^-foot steel boat built for fisheries research. The used dlesel marine engine was reconditioned at this station. In addition, suitable personnel were supplied 2\ to test the completed boat and help to deliver it from Goderich to South Baymouth. The following miscellaneous services were also rendered! Construction of a 9-foot portable camera tripod for photographing .sample plots* Construction of a portable deer trap. Construction and repair of research instruments ax^ equipment* Equipping the Lake Simcoe District snowmobile with skis* Building equipment for treating silver maple fence posts* In addition, numerous repair Jobs were carried out, and minor pieces of equipment were constructed throughout the year* STATISTICAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS The work of the Statistics Section was centered around the following projects: 1) Nursery Inventory*- Extensive sampling was done in several nurseries and the data submitted was analysed* These partly confirmed previous recommendations | partly gave rise to new ones* A detailed report on the whole problem is forth- ^- coming* 2) Cull and Grading*- The survival in the first experiment of a series of three has been observed and is now partly analysed* Farther work on this experiment is now under way* A second experiment has been set out and. survival figures can be expected by this fall* 3) Red Pine Pathogens*- An experiment with thlram pelleting of red pine seeds showed significant decrease of mortality as the effect of treatment* h) A detailed report on the effect of planting depths and methods on survival of conifers was prepared and published as Research Report No* 26* 5y An experiment on rooting of poplar cuttings was analysed, showing a significant difference between species* The position of the cuttings showed significEOit differences* Cuttings near the butt end proved better rooters* 6) An analysis of the preference of black weevils for the roots and stems of two kinds of banana trees — Gross Michel and Bout Rond* Black weevils respond to Gross Michel roots and Bout Rond roots to a greater extent than to Gross Michel 25 stems and Bout Bond stems respectively* The extent of this effect Is significantly different. The preference of the weevils for roots is proportionately greater in the ease of Bout Bond than in the case of Gross Michel. 7) A regression analysis of the weight and length of the ammocoethes of two species of lampreys* 8) Effect of soald.ng seed in water and alcohol on germination. The results were inconclusive* 9) Effect of methocel treatment on survival of transplant stock* It showed that survival decreased with rising concentration of methocel and the relationship is adequately described by a straight line* 10) Effect of calcium lignose pelleting and Filcoat pelleting on germination of black spruce and red pine seed* Within black spruce, unpelleted seeds give higher germination than pelleted ones. Also calcium pellets gave better germin- ation than Filcoat. There is no evidence that seeds once pelleted by the respect- ive methods and then subjected to a solvent differ from each other as far as germination is concerned* Within red pine, unpelleted seed shows higher germin- ation but calcium and Filcoat pellets show no significant differences. Other Work The section supplied designs for experiments! a) on root and top panming of transplant stock b) on substitutes to sphagnum moss for packaging transplant stock e) on rooting and seeding of basswood ^ d) on soil treatments to combat damping-off of red pine* Statistical assistance was given in the analysis of data in connection with an economic survey of the Lake Erie fishing industry. BBANCHES OF WOBK The work of the Division in 195^'-55 was divided among three main sections! Forestry, Fisheries, and Wildlife. A Mechanical section served all. In addition there were smaller groups: Tree Breeding^ Nursery Practices ^ Statistical Analysis, and Physios* Four forest research co-ordinators made their headquarters at Port 26 Arthur 9 Cochrane , Pine Springs ^ and Maple; and three fisheries research co-ordinator were responsible for the four Great Lakes — Ontario, Erie, Huron, and Superior. Research funds were divided among the following interests! Per cent Fish and Wildlife ^ Timber Management 31 Reforestation 13 Forest Protection 1 Lands 1 STAFF (at 31st March, 1955) Professionals: Foresters 18 Biologists 10 Others 7 Laboratory technicians, clerks, stenographers, and other assistants 36 Maintenance staff, including cleaners 18 Total 89 Summer Staff, 195^ Students Uo Staff Classification Permanent ^ Temporary ' 9 Casual 32 Total 89 REPORTS During the fiscal year 195^-55 some ^ reports were prepared. Many of these were Interim, file, and progress reports for use within the Department* 27 SECTION NO. 11 DIVISION of SURVEYS and ENGINEERING DIVISION OF SURVEYS AND ENGINEERING Magnitude of new investments and developments of the natuTEil resources of the Province has increased the work in all of the branches of this Division. The largest programme in recent years of the extension of the network of meridian and base lines for the control and mapping from aerial photography was undertaken during the yearo The Thirteenth Base Line at approximate latitude 52 degrees and 30 minutes was surveyed > extending from the Ontario-Manitoba Boundary eastj a distance of one hundred and seventy- four miles • At approximate longitude 92 degrees a meridian was surveyed north from the Thirteenth Base Line a distance of forty-eight miles to estab- lish the Fifteenth Base Lineo This base line was produced west a distam.ce of thirty- two miles* The sale of Crown lands for summer resort locations made it necessary to increase the number of resurveys of old township surveys to establish obliterated lot corners* There was a marked increase in the demand for maps published by this Department and those of the National Topographical Series* The District Offices have prepared tracings on a scale of two miles to an inch of areas not covered by the National Topographical Series. Booklet (Form S. 82) was issued illustrating the definition of frontage, side, width, regular area, irregular area, minimiun and maximum areas of land to be disposed of for private or commercial summer resort locations on Crown lands. A Manual of General Survey Instructions (Form S. 8h) was prepared and issued governing the survey of summer resort locations and water lots as required by this Department. A new map was prepared and published showing the Electoral Districts in accordance with the provisions of the Act respecting Representation of the People in the Legislative Assembly. Revised base maps are being prepared for the Districts of Algoma and Sudbury, using type-face lettering and figures instead of the hand-drawn lettering formerly used. The map of islands in Timagami Lake has been revised showing the details of the topography obtained - 1 - from aerial photographs. Owing to most unfavourable photographic weather, only nine thousand square miles were photographed* Fortunately, weather conditions permitted photographs to be taken shortly after the excessive floods in October • These photographs were made available to assist in estimating the damages and planning for rehabilitation of the areas affected. Due to the Interest in conservation of water resources in the southern part of the Province, new dams have been constructed and old dams im- proved or rebuilt. This has materiaG.ly. Increased both the office and field work of the engineering branch. LEGAL SURVEYS Survey Instructions Issued during the period between April 1st, 195^ to March 3lst, 1955 s 1. Retracement survey to establish the allowance for road between concessions 2 auad 3> across lots 16, 17 and l8 inclusive, in the Township of Ashby, County of Lennox and Adding ton, relative to the finalization of the surveys of summer resort locations. 2. Retracement survey of the south boundary across lots 21 to 25 Inclusive and the allowance for road between lots 25 and 26, concession 1, in the Township of Conger, District of Parry Sound, to facilitate the finaliza- tion of the surveys of STammer resort locations. 3» Survey to determine the boundary between the Townships of McFarlan and Alder son, District of Algoma, in connection with timber operations} part of the cost of survey borne by the Upper Canada Lumber Compsiny, and the Newago Timber Company. ^•. Survey of part of the Thirteenth Base Line for a distance of approximately 9^ miles, in the District of Kenora, Patricia Portion, for the purpose of establishing control for aerial mapping, under The Canada Forestry Actj 5« Survey of simmer resort locations in the Coimty of Haliburton. 6. Survey of summer resort locations in the districts of Parry Sound and Muskoka. 7« Survey of summer resort locations in the counties of Haliburton and Slmcoe and the districts of Parry Sound and Muskoka. 8. Subdivision survey of parts of lots A to E Inclusive, concession C, Township of Carllng, District of Parry Sound, for summer resort purposes. 9» Retracement survey of the allowance for road between concessions 10 and 11, across lots 3 to 10 inclusive. Township of Methuen, County of Peterborough, to facilitate the survey of a right of way for the Canadian Pacific Railway, survey costs over i^lOO. 00 per mile to be borne by the Canadian Pacific Railway. - 2 - lOo Survey of a meridian south from the south-east corner of the Town- ship of Schwenger, District of Rainy River, a distance of approxi- mately four miles, and to survey summer resort locations in the District of Rainy River© 11« Survey of part of the Thirteenth Base Line for a distance of approxi- mately 83 miles in the District of Kenora, Patricia Portion, for the purpose of establishing ground control for aerial mapping, under The Canada Forestry Act. 12* Survey of summer resort locations in the District of Sudburyo 13» Retracement surveys to permit finalization of the surveys of summer resort locations in the counties of Haliburton and Simcoe and the districts of Parry Sound and Muskoka. 1^-. Subdivision surveys in the towhships of Croll and Lindsley and south of 0*Meara Tovmship, District of Thunder Bay, for summer resort locations. 15* Subdivision survey of part of lots 6 and 7> concession 5» Township of Airy, District of Nipissing, for residential purposes. 16. Inspection of portions of the survey of part of the Thirteenth Base Line, District of Kenora, Patricia Portion, surveyed under the provisions of The Canada Forestry Act. 17. Subdivision surveys for summer resort locations on Middle Shebandowan Lake, Township of Hagey, District of Thunder Bay. 18. Subdivision survey on One Island Lake, in the Township of Fowler, District of Thxmder Bay, for summer resort locations. 19o Sxirvey of additional road allowances in the Township of Methuen, County of Peterborough, in connection with the right of way for the Canadian Pacific Railway. Survey costs over ilOO.OO per mile to be borne by the Canadian Pacific Railway. 20. Retracement soirvey of the south boundary of lot 2^, Adding ton Road West, Township of Denbigh, County of Lennox and Addington, required in connection with timber operations© 21. Survey of the boundaries of Mining Location lOX, Township of Oliver, District of Thunder Bay, in connection with a park reser- vation at Kakabeka Falls. 22. Subdivision survey north of Ear Falls, District of Kenora, Patricia Portion, for residential purposes. 23* Retracement survey of certain allowances for road in lots 25 to 32, concessions 5 to 9> Tov/nship of McClintock, County of Haliburton, for the purpose of preparing a revised plan of part of the Township of McClintock. 2^-. Subdivision survey at Hillsport, on the Canadian National Railway, District of Thunder Bay, for residential purposes. 25» Restaking of certain lot corners in the Townplot of Gowganda, Township of Nicol, District of Timiskaming, for disposition of lots for residential purposes. 26. Survey to establish certain lines in lots 11 and 12, concessions 7 and 8, Township of Faraday, Coiinty of Hastings, reqxiired in connection with timber operation's. - 3 - 27» Retracement survey of the east boundary of the Township of Falconbridge , District of Sudbury, for mining pTirposes, part of the costs of survey borne by the Department of Mines • 28, Resurvey of Island ^2??, Lake of the Woods, District of Kenora, with regard to the disposition of Crown lands. 29« Survey of a meridian a distance of ^ miles and part of the Fifteenth Base Line a distance of approximately H-2 miles, in the District of Kenora, Patricia Portion, for the purpose of establishing ground control for aerial mapping, under The Canada Forestry Act. 30. Retracement survey of certain lines in the vicinity of Pencil Lake, Township of Cavendish, relative to the finallzation of the surveys of summer resort locations. ]Mu;4qjLpa?. Suyveyg No. 8^5 - Re-establish and mark with permanent monuments, the north- east and south-east corners of lot kS^ concession ^, and the north-west and south-west corners of lot 4-9, concession hy Township of Ancaster, County of Wentworth. Ho. 8^ - Re-establish and mark with permanent monuments, certain angles in lots 2, concessions 3 and h^ Township of Balfour, District of Sudbury. No. 8^-7 - Re-establish and mark with permanent monuments the allowance for road between lots 8 and 9» concession 2, known as McNeilly's Road, in the Township of Saltfleet, County of Wentworth. Private Surveys on Crown Lands Under authority of the Public Land Regxilations , 1670 summer resort locations were surveyed and the returns of survey filed in the Department for examination and approval. 709 surveys of this number were surveyed under direct departmental instructions to the surveyor where the applicant paid in the survey fee to the District Office, in accordance with the provisions of the Public Land Regiaations. The following is a breakdown of the summer resort locations surveyed in the various Administrative Districts in the Province:- Adinjjiistrative .District Crovrn Surveys Private Surveys Algonquin 18 122 Chapleau Nil 10 Cochrane Nil 3lf Fort Frances 17 13 Geraldton nil 10 - If « Adml ni s tra ti ve District Crown puryeyp Nil Private Surveys Gogama 2 Kapuskasing Nil Nil Kenora Nil 132 Lake SJmcoe 76 29 Lake Huron Nil 2 Lake Erie Nil 11 North Bay- k6 h9 Parry Soiind 128 116 Port Arthur 9 61 Qulnte 26 105 Rideau Nil Nn SaxCLt Ste. Marie he 72 Slo\2X Lookout Nil 17 Sudbury 167 69 Timiskaming 2 27 Trent 168 55 White River 6 26 Totals... 709 961 — — 1670 SURVEY RECORDS AND MAP DISTRIBUTION A general increase of kO% in the distribution of all types of lithographed maps is to be noted for this year. White prints were made from tracings drawn by the District Offices on a scale of 2 miles to the inchj covering sireas where only small scale lithographed maps are available. Similar prints were substituted for the Georgian Bay Island lithographed Diaps, as the stock has been exhausted. The increased distribution is due to the increased demaind for maps, covering the Haliburton aind Muskoka areas and the new Provincial Topographic sheets now available for North-eastern Ontario y £uid many of the army ordnsmce maps on the scale of one mile to the inch (1:63 >360) are being converted to the 1:50,000 scale, and into east and west half sheets, requiring the distribution of two maps in place of one. -5- The distribution of various District and other maps produced by this Department totalled 25,26^ copies j of these, 1,250 copies were distribution for official Departmental use. The distribution of map sheets produced by the Dominion Department of Mines and Technical Surveys and the Army Survey Establishment Bureau Department of National Defence for resale to the public or for official use of this and other Departments of the Ontario Government increased to a total of 3^,060« Of these, ^-,08^ were supplied to this Department including District Offices, for officia use, by the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, without charge. Seven thousand, one hundred suid twenty-nine copies were purchased by Dis- trict Offices for resale purposes. An additional number of ^,320 map sheets were distributed for the officisuL use of this or other Departments of the Provincial Government from the purchased stock of the National Topographic Series and the stock of Provincial Topographic Maps. The Provincial Topographic Map sheets as produced by the Army Survey Establishment Bureau, Department of National Defence, Ottawa, from aerial photography supplied by the Forest Resources Inventory, increased in distribution by kQ%o A total of 1^,223 were distributed. The "Foleyet" sheet between latitudes kS** and W* 30« and longitudes 82** and 83**, was re- ceived. The "Gogama" sheet on the scale of h miles to the inch was completed by the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys and made available for dis- tribution. The following map sheets on the scale of 2 miles to the inch were received in proof form only: Elsas Latit^Ude kO" 30« to ^9** 00 Kapuskasing Latitude ^9'* 00« to ^9* 30 Opasatika Latitude ^* 30« to 50** 00 Opazatika Lake Latitude ^•9** 00 « to ^-9** 30 Hearst Latitude if9** 30« to 50** 00 Longitude 82** 00 « to 83** 00* Longitude 82* 00 « to 83** 00 « Longitude 82** 00« to 83** 00« Longitude 83** 00' to 8lf** 00* Longitude 83** 00« to 8^-** 00« Summary The s\imma^ of the total tJUantity of lithographed maps distributed in this fiscal y«^» ia a& f^iews; - 6 - National Topographic Series W,283 Map 20A (free issue) 3,0^5 District Maps 12,137 Island Maps 607 Miscellaneous Maps ., 9t^7?,«.. TOTAL — — y3%^7 Six thousand, two hundred and eighty letters covering requests for maps and survey records v/ere handled during the year© This was an in- crease of approximately 800 and is exclusive of Departmental or District Office requests. Direct sales totalled 5,950 showing a marked increase, A policy of payment in advance was adopted and this eliminated Tnflirjng jj;x- voices for small amounts. An electric cash register was installed and much of the clerical work has been eliminated. Photostat paper used increased by 19% to a total of 55,125 square feet. Included in this are some 5,000 card references to surveyors' letters for filing in the new survey record catalogue; 300 photostatic copies of quarter session road descriptions and 175 of the very old field note books, comprising approximately 22,000 pages. This completes the photostating of the very old field note books which was commenced in 1951 and which photo- static copies of field notes will now be used for reproduction purposes to save handling the originals. An amount of 210,162 square feet of sensitized paper and linen was used in the reproduction of various tracings of topographic maps, town- ship prints, miscellaneous survey plans and Georgian Bay island map sheets by the Dry Process Printing method. This is an increase of 83^ of that used last year. This lcu:ge increase in reproductions is due mainly to large-scaled activity in hydro, highway, summer resort and other private surveys, as well as that many of the District Offices of this Department had produced tracings on the sccLLes of one, two or four miles to the inch of their administrative districts for purposes of forest protection, game euid fish administration and sale to the public. These sectional tracings were reduced photographically from original hand-drawn maps on the scale of one mile to the inch and, in most cases, made by the "Litholine'* process - 7 - commercially o Under this process, 36 sectional tracings, reduced from the Forest Resovirces Inventory planimetric base maps to the scale of one-half mile to the inch, to be used as Crown land plans, were completed* A summary of the dry process material used as follows i Black and blue line paper prints - 201,892 square feet Transparent linen duplicates - ^,380 square feet Opaque linen printing - 3,890 square feet Total - 210,162 square feet Eighteen thousand photostat pages of very old field notes were bound into 225 field note books ♦ Field notes of 27 current surveys and two volumes of instructions to surveyors were also bound. In addition to this, approximately 100 miscellaneous books or volumes of various types were bouQd or repaired for the various divisions of the Department, The reproduction of and reference to original survey records continued to be a major item due to the heavy demand by the public, land surveyors in private practice, the Department of Highways and the Ontario Hydro-Electric Power Commission, Twenty-five field note books of Crown surveys and two sets of munic|)al survey field note books as well as 96 Crown survey plans and 26 municipal stirvey plans were registered, catalogued and filed, A less complicated and more efficient system of cataloguing rolled plans has been inaugurated. Catalogue sheets have been prepared for 1,636 plans and 7,600 csirds have been filed under this revised system, A card index system has been prepared to record surveyed parcels under the surveyor's designa- tion number. Six hundred and fifty recently s\irveyed parcels were recorded in addition to others transferred from old records. Four hundred and seventy-five plans of survey and 2h field note books comprising four reels of 35 nmi negative microfilm and 10^ reels of positive microfilm were com- pleted this year. In continuing the programme of the preservation of old original survey plans, two of the old Upper Canada partial plan volumes comprising approximately 250 plans and kO descriptions were remounted by a commercial firm on individual boards with a cellulose wash finish applied to the surface. These were re-indexed. An Historical Atlas and 39 old miscellaneous survey plans were remounted. Approximately 300 reproductions - 8 - of stirvey plans of subdivisions and other miscellaneous maps were aOLso mounted. These were for filing in the Registry and Land Titles Office, the Patents Branch of this Department and for use in various departmental offices. Supplies and equipment were provided for parties employed on the surveys of base and meridian lines, retracement s\irveys and surveys of summer resort locations. One thoussmd, two hundred and fifty surveyors* iron bars in the standard sizes of 1" x 1" x kS" x 3A" x 30" were pur- chased and distributed throughout various District Offices for subdivision and summer resort surveys. Two hundred and ninety-nine standard Crown survey posts, 12 municipal survey posts and 1,036 aluminum preliminary survey identification plates were shipped to various districts for survey work. GEOGRAPHIC AND MP PUBLICATION In co-operation with the Army Survey Establishment, Department of National Defence, the Geographic Office of this Division completed the basic drawings and colour plates required for the reproduction of two more maps of the National Topographic Series. These drawings were returned to Ottawa for final reproduction. Revision of nomenclature and verification of place names was completed for 11 maps of the National Topographic Series, as requested by the Department of National Defence. Similar work was completed on several other maps and charts as requested by the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys. Three maps were revised in the same manner for the Ontario Department of Mines. The checking and revision of the nomenclature relative to the Province as required by the Canadian Board on Geographical Names, for the purpose of publishing a Gazetteer for South-eastern Ontario, was continued throughout the year. Revision and incorporation of new information into our card index of geographical names within the Province was continued, about 2000 name cards were revised and some ^000 new cards were added. -9- The preparation of the fair drawings for the new base outline for our map 32a •• Districts of Algoma and Sudbury has been continued and It is anticipated that reproduction will be completed In 19^5 - 56o As requested by the Chief Election Office for the Province, our map 33a - Electoral Districts of the Province of Ontario, was completely revised In accordance with the new Representation Act passed in 195^> in- cluding the compilation of a new inset map showing the Electoral Districts of Metropolitan Toronto. ^-,000 copies of this map were reproduced in readiness for the Provincial Election taking place in June 1955* Coincident to the above map, some 25 copies of maps of Toronto, Windsor, Hamilton, London and Ottawa were marked up shov/ing new electoral boundaries in those areas. A complete revision of the booklet "Excerpts from the Canada Official Postal Guide" was made in readiness for printing also in preparation for the forthcoming 1955 election. Reprint editions were made from existing reproduction plates for the following maps: Map h7 - Algonquin Provincial Park; scale 2 miles to 1 inch. Recent changes in the boundary of the Park are shown on this edition > 7500 copies were reproduced© Map 2J+a - Districts of Rainy River and Kenora; scale 8 miles to 1 inch, ^-,000 copies. Recent changes in boundaries of Mining Divisions and new lines of survey were incorporated into this edition. Map 21c - District of Tlmlskaming and parts of Sudbury and Nlpisslng; scale h miles to 1 inch, ^,000 copies. Reference work and recommendation of nomenclature, to be shown on base maps of the Forest Resources Inventory, was completed on 17^ maps of this serieso AERIAL SURVEYS Due to adverse weather conditions, the amount of photography obtained was the lowest in recent years. The area affected by the excessive flood conditions in October was photographed on scales of four hundred to six hundred feet. - 10 - The mapping was completed on a scale of one-half mile to an Inch of the area between latitudes 50** 30* and 52** 00« from the Quebec boundary to longitude 88*, having an area of ^1,700 square miles. The photography and mapping of an area of 16,000 square miles on a scale of one quarter mile to an Inch, which had been contracted was also completed* Mosaic panels, seven and one-half minutes In latitude sind fifteen minutes In longitude have been prepared of the southern portion of the Province. An area of nine thousand, three hundred square miles has been completed. While these panels are prepared primarily to obtain the forest resources, they su:e being used In land use planning and the development of all natural resources* Vertical Photography Area Square Miles Forest Resources Inventory 8,333 Flood damaged area and other Departments 717 9,050 ?^PP;i,ng Square MjL^eff Planlmetrlc - scale ^0 chains • 1 Inch ^1,670 Mosaic Panels - scale 20 chains ■ 1 Inch 9>300 Total Aerial Photography and Sketching by Department from 192^- to March 3lst, 1955 (does not Include areas photographed by contract) Aerial Sketching „■.— ^■»,.,—.-— «,„—.-— . 26,903 square miles Oblique Photography —— ^«^— — — — m.«. 10,780 " " Vertical Photography »^-...-.,».^-— .^^^,»«....>« 168, 78^- " " ENGINEERING During the year plans of 19 dams to be constructed for timber operations, storage reservoirs, conservation and diversion of streams were examined and approved^ Licences of Occupation were Issued for 6 dams to be used to provide storage reservoirs for power developments. Two new Water Power Lease Agreements were prepared and Issued for leases which had expired during the year. - 11 - Many dams which had formerly been used in connection with lumbering operations are now in a state of disrepair. The Department of Public Works rebuilt or repaired five dams at the request of this Department in the in- terests of conservation, propagation of fish and wildlife and in connection with forest protection. During the year, surveys of the sites and hydrologic studies were made in connection with 9 dams requested by this Department for re-construction in the summer of 1955© The information so obtained enabled the Department of Public Works to carry out design and preliminary engineering work prior to the opening of the construction season* Inspections were made of the construction, operation and maintenance of dams which are operated by the staffs of the Department through the various District Offices. Throughout the Province there are now 60 dams operated and regulated by this Department. There has been a' decided increase in the past year in requests from the public for information concerning the construction of private dams and ■ farm ponds and the requirements of this Department with regard to approval of such construction. Copies of The Extracts from The Lakes and Rivers Improve- ment Act were sent to all applicants. - 12 - ^ JD MERIDIAN LINE SURVEY \ \ \ \ / / BASE Ah / / REND OF > y •- I •n o I o I CO u < u \ > J tr < in fO CO 01 o I 0> o o o o o o o o s o o S31IW JOHigWON in CO LU < en LU O LU ^^^mm^^mm^^i^m^m^mmmmmm^mmmimmmi^ I o I J! 0> o to ro I ro O fO I (O (M CD U-) to o o to o vO uO CVJ S3"iiiNjoy3gkNnN LU CO oOoo oo ooooooooooooooo_ oOqo oo oooooooooooooooo — . 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(0 lO n IVJ o co f^ (O •o fO (VI . o 0) n ro OJ rvj C\J CM CVJ (M (M (M — — — — — — o o o d o o o o' o o o o o' o o o n ^ - dH - AlDVdVD a311ViSNI 1V101 OF THE MINISTER OF LANDS AND FORESTS OF THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO for the fiscal year ending MARCH 31,1956 y^J^l ^Ay^ \ CONTAINING THE DETAILED REPORTS OF TH^ DIVISIONS OF • ACCOUNTS ' ■ - 'AIR SERVICE \ FISH jikND WILDLIFfiy FQF^EST PROtAcTION 'LANDS LAW OPERATION AND PERSONNEL PARKS REFORESTATION RESEARCH SURVEYS AND ENGINEERING TIMBER MANAGEMENT To His Honour, The Lieutenant Governor of the Province of Ontario. MAY IT PLEASE YOUR HONOUR: The undersigned begs respectfully to present to your Honour, the Annual Report of the Department of Lands and Forests for the fiscal year commencing April 1st. 1955 and ending March 31st, 1956. (Clare £• Mapledoram) Minister THE DETAILED ANNUAL REPORT Of the MINISTER OP LANDS AND FORESTS of the PROVINCE OP ONTARIO -X- Por the Year ending March Slat, 1956, -X- TABLE OP CONTENTS Division of Aocounta Section No. 1 Division of Air Service • Section No. 2 Division of Pish and wildlife Section No. 3 Division of Porest Protection ...« Section No. k Division of Lands • Section No. 3 Division of Law Section No. 6 Division of Operation and Personnel Section No. 7 Division of Parks Section No. 8 Division of Reforestation • ••... Section No. 9 Division of Research Section No. 10 Division of Surveys and Engineering Section No. 11 Division of Timber Management ..••• Section No. 12 SECTION NO. 1 DIVISION of ACCOUNTS DIVISION OF ACCOUNTS During the year ending March 31st, 1956, cash receipts for the Depart- ment of Lands and Forests totalled $20,151,106.33. Total cash disbursements amounted to $17,276,820,88, representing an excess of $2,874,285.45 In receipts over disbursements. Total receipts show an Increase as compared with the previous year, principally reflected In the returns from the sale of timber and from hunting and fishing licenses, the Department's main sources of revenue. The Increase in income derived from Crown timber is due in part to the constant demand for forest products of the pulp and paper trade, and the resulting expansion in that Industry. Sale of angling and hunting licenses continues in Its upswing, and may be accounted for by the steady population growth and Influx of American visitors, and serves to point out the mounting pressure on our game and fish resources. There is every Indication that the Increased demand for the products of our renewable natural resources will continue. The sharp increase in disbursements over the previous year is due to the most severe fire season in the Department's history. Expenditures in the year for Extra Fire Fighting amounted to $4,089,604,30, as compared to the previous year, when expenditures were $704,486.48, TREND OF DEPARTMENTAL REVENUE TIMBER RETUKNS-CROWN DUES- GROUND RENT 6 FIRE TAX CHARGES FOR THE fIVE YEARS ENDING 31 MARCH 1956 16 i « » » « 1 - 1 - DEPARTMENT OF LAMPS AND FORESTS DIVISION OF ACCOUNTS FINANCIAL REPORT FOR YEAR EI'JDING MARCH 31ST, 1956 1. Cash Receipts and Disbursements The following summarizes the result of operations for the year: - Total - Cash Receipts $20,151,106.33 Cash Disbursements 17,276,820.88 Excess of Receipts over Disbursements $2,874,285 .45 2. Comparison of Results with those of prior years (a) Receipts Cash receipts for the year under review compare with those of the pre- vious two years as follows : Years ending March 31st Division Accounts 1554 1956 Water Power Rentals 1,672,735. 1 ,539,686. 1 ,530,748. Provincial Land Tax 562,723. 644,961. 687,296. Long Lac Diversion 17,250. 16,800. 16,350. Miscellaneous 23,546. 30,660. 39,579. Air Service 16,361. 16,724. 15,267. Pish and Wildlife 3,800,735. 3 ,989,256. 4 ,154,714. Forest Protection 46,269. 46,487. 98,385. Land & Recreational Areas 408,848. 456,318. 591,685. Reforestation 157,892. 216,247. 174,279. Surveys 1,451. 238. - Timber Management 11,396,460. 11 ,927,678. 12 ,706,730. Mississagi Salvage Project 1,863,16^. 440,730. 136,073. 19,967,435. 19 ,325,785. 20 ,151,106. (b) Disbursements Disbursements for the year under review compare with the previous two years as follows : Chargeable to Ordinary Account Chargeable to Capital Payments Mississagi Salvage Pi Logging Roads i|5l 1??? 19^6 12,608,258. 12,716,508. 17,148,524. ;t 800,000. 178,810. 33,000. 95,297. 13,408,258. 12,895,318. 17,276,821. - 2 - DEPARTMENT OF LAMPS AMD FORESTS DIVISION OF FISH AMD V/ILDLIFE ANALYSIS OF CASH RECEIPTS FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31ST, 1956 GAME Licenses Trapping Non-Resident Hunting Deer Moose Ground Hog Gun Dog Fur Dealers Fur Farmers Tanners Cold Storage Royalty Game FISHERIES Licenses Commercial Fishing Smelt Angling Royalty Commercial Fish GENERAL Licenses Guides Tourist Outfitters Fines Costs Collected Sales - Confiscated Articles, etc Miscellaneous $56,5^5-00 513.088.28 405,200.92 90,040.00 21,017.70 250,758-18 23,5^3.70 17,093.90 2,635-00 110.00 471-00 $1,380,503.68 260,506.99 96,797.00 26,163.90 2,279.335-59 2,402,296.49 9.982.72 12,444.00 19,419.44 44^444.33 1,280.65 23,212.66 623.45 $1,641,010.67 2,412,279-21 101,424.53 $4,154,714.41 - 3 - DEPARTMENT OP DIVISION OP ANALYSIS OF CASH FOR YEAR EI'TDING DISTRICT CROVW DUES GROUND RENT PIRE TAX INTEREST SCALERS' V/AGES MILL LICENSES ETC. Chapleau 528,176.85 551.00 7,052.80 80.00 Cochrane 1,577,492.98 7,229.00 92,748.80 2,436.21 Port Prances 247,116.93 1,080.00 14,340.62 540.69 Geraldton 1,266,510.52 8,094.00 103,603.20 79.89 Gogama 287,341.74 3,285.00 9,894.40 12.00 Kapuskaslng 1,680,234.37 8,712.00 112,419.58 220.87 Kenora 628,866.69 9,423.00 120,6l4.4o 487.57 Lindsay 129,284.26 238.00 2,908.27 269.54 North Bay- 831,342.16 3,331.00 42,636.80 221.16 Parry Sound 250,649.67 1,394.00 17,856.00 255.74 Pembroke 5ll,4o7.ii3 4,153.00 53,128,80 673.27 Port Arthur 1,505,156.94 13,343.00 182,906.20 858,98 Sault Ste. Marie 618,745.51 5,282.00 75,845.54 604.00 Sioux Lookout 475,551.32 1,675.00 22,504.48 194.00 Sudbury 170,481.07 4,445.00 57,139.20 855.74 Swastika 288,615.63 2,177.00 28,845.00 701.80 Tweed 133,156.07 473.00 5,931.00 381.19 White River 535,751.07 1,349.00 21,142.20 210.51 Other Districts 1,121.56 917.00 11,667,002.82 76,234.00 971,517.29 10,000.16 Percentage of Total Timber Revenue 91.69^ .6o$g 7.63^ .08jg - 4 - LANDS AND FORESTS TIMBER MANAGEr^NT RECEIPTS BY DISTRICTS MARCH 31ST, 1956 TOTAL TIMBER REVENUE CASH DEPOSITS RECEIVED AND REFUNDED TOTAL TIMBER REVENUE AND CASH DEPOSITS PERCENTAGE OP TOTAL TI^BER REVENUE AND CASH DEPOSITS $ 535,860.65 $ 13,400.00 $ 549,260.65 4.32 1,679,906.99 6,295.72(Cr.) 1,673,611.27 13.17 263,078.24 1,087.01 264,165.25 2.08 1,378,287.61 300.00(Cr.) 1,377,987.61 10.84 300,533.14 - 300,533.14 2.37 1,801,586.82 l8,8oo.l9(Cr.) 1,782,786.63 14.03 759,391.66 2,331.64 761,723.30 5.99 132,700.07 1,250.00 133,950.07 1.05 877,531.12 2,273.4o(Cr.) 875,257.72 6.89 270,155.41 6,o8l.l5(Cr.) 264,074.26 2.08 569,362.55 - 569,362.55 4.48 1,702,265.12 3,277.66(Cr.) 1,698,987.46 13.37 700,477.05 4,498. 53(Cr.) 695,978.52 5.48 499,924.80 100.00 500,024.80 3.94 232,921.01 l,025.00(Cr.) 231,896.01 1.83 320,339.43 5,609.56 325,948.99 2.56 139,941.26 749.47 140,690.73 1.11 558,452.78 - 558,452.78 4.39 2,038.56 - 2,038.56 .02 12,724,754.27 l8,023.97(Cr.) 12,706,730.30 100. 00;,^ 100.00^ 100.00^ - 5 - DEPARTMENT OF STATEI^NT OF RECEIPTS FOR YEAR ENDING RECEIPTS DIVISION OF ACCOUNTS Water Pov/er Leases Provincial Land Tax Long Lac Diversion Sale of Maps, Casual Fees, etc. DIVISION OF AIR SERVICE Flying Fees DIVISION OF FISH AND V/ILDLIFB Licenses, Royalties and Sundry DIVISION OF FOREST PROTECTION Recovery of Fire Fighting Costs & Miscellaneous DIVISION OF LAND AND RECREATIONAI. AREAS Land Sales Land Rentals (other than Parks) Leases and Licenses of Occupation Park Revenue Algonquin Rentals $19,3^9.^3 Miscellaneous 17,124.53 Rondeau Rentals $22,210.24 Miscellaneous 4,962.55 Quetlco Rentals Miscellaneous 4,307.50 Ipperv/ash Beach Rentals 1,052.00 Miscellaneous 7,982.00 Other Lands Division Receipts DIVISION OF REFORESTATION Sale of Nursery Trees $36,473.96 27,172.79 4,307.50 9,034.00 $1,530,7^8.10 687,296.11 16,350.00 $295,056.86 199,833.92 76,988.25 19,805.67 $2,273,973.44 15,267.05 4,154,714.41 98,384.51 Carried Forward 591,684.70 174,278.65 $7,308,302.76 - 6 - LANDS AND FORESTS AND DISBURSEMEMTS MARCH 31ST, 1936 Minister's Salary - Statutory Salaries - Permanent and Temporary Travelling Expenses Maintenance and Operating Damage and Other Claims, Sundry Contingencies, etc. Compensation for Injured Workmen Cost-of -Living Bonus - Entire Department Unemployment Insurance Stamps Annuities and Bonuses to Indians Advisory Committee to the Minister DISBURSEMENTS MAIN OFFICE $10,000.00 1,171,667.37 58,054.08 16,724.69 2,135.80 107,035.58 358,302.18 4,177.77 28,376.00 $1,757,411.99 FIELD SERVICES BASIC ORGANIZATION - Includinp; District Offices Salaries Travelling Expenses Maintenance and Operating EXTRA FIRE FIGHTING Salaries, etc.. Maintenance and Operating DIVISION OF AIR SERVICE Salaries Travelling Expenses Maintenance and Operating - Including purchase of aircraft DIVISION OF SURVEYS Aerial Surveys Ground Surveys Lac Seul Storage Dam - control and Maintenance Carried Foi^ward $6,974,277.95 473,230.82 2,744,686.82 $424,082.15 15,914.96 378.391.14 $17,225.79 101,880.61 486.39 10,192,195.59 4,089,604.30 818,388.25 119,592.79 $16,977,192.92 - 7 - RECEIPTS FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31ST, 1956 Brought Forward DIVISION OF TIMBER MANAGEMENT Crown Dues Ground Rent Fire Tax $11,667,002.82 76,234.00 971,517.29 Interest, Scalers' Wages, Mill Licenses, etc. 10,000.16 $12,724,754.27 Cash Deposits (Net) 18,023.97 MISSISSAGI SALVAGE PROJECT (See Contra) Proceeds of sale of fire -damaged timber Ordinary Capital TOTAL RECEIPTS $103,073.27 33.000.00 $7,308,302.76 12,706,730.30 136,073.27 $20,151,106.33 TREND OF TOTAL ANNUAL RECEIPTS FOR THE TEN YEARS ENDING 31 MARCH 1956 DOES NOT INCLUDE MISSISSAGI SALVAGE PROJECT 24 21 CO oL < in _J 1 0 0 lb o o 12 I BAG B $3000 000 PART Of BAC EQUALS FRACTION THEREOF %\ n /5™\ 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 $10,663,148 $I0.682.403$II.635.237 $11,142,295 $11,154,510 $14,791,540 $2a83l.9l7 $18,104,270 $18885.055 $20.015033 DISBURSEI^NTS FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31ST, 1956 Brought Forward PUBLIC INFORMATION ON (l) FIRE PREVENTION, (2) FISH AND V/ILDLIFE. (3) REFORESTATION AND (n) TIMBER MANAGEr>lENT Salaries, etc.. Maintenance and Operating GRANTS Association of Ontario Land Surveyors $200.00 Canadian Forestry Association 7,500.00 Violet Downing 5,000.00 Jack Miner Migratory Bird Foundation Inc. 1,500.00 Thomas N. Jones 300.00 E. L. Marsh 100.00 Ontario Fur Breeders' Association Inc. 2,500*00 Ontario Federation of Commercial Fishermen 2,500.00 WOLF BOUNTY BEAR BOUNTY LOGGING ROADS MISSISSAGI SALVAGE PROJECT (See Contra) Salvaging fire -damaged timber - Payments to contractors, and other Incidental expenses TOTAL DISBURSEMENTS Excess of Receipts over Disbursements $16,977,192.92 107,970.73 19,600.00 37,550.00 6,210.00 95,297.23 33,000.00 $17,276,820.88 2.874^85.45 $20,151,106.33 - 9 - DEPARTMENT OF LMDS AND FORESTS RESEARCH DIVISION - PROJECTS STATEMENT OF EXPENDITURE FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 3 1ST, 1956 PROJECT Administration J Research Station, and Sundry Projects Forest Research Fisheries Research Mechanical Research Physical Research Statistics and Design Wildlife $105,480.18 145,640.73 127,304.67 16,986.60 5,171.41 6,898.23 56,487.42 $463,969.24 DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENDITURE Research - Field Services Equipment District Office Establishments $360,854.00 23,414.24 79,701.00 $463,969.24 TREND OF TOTAL ANNUAL DISBURSEMENTS FOR THE TEN YEARS ENDING 31 MARCH 1956 DOES NOT INCLUDE MI&SIS5ACI SALVAGE PROJECT AND CONSTRUCTION OF LOCOINC ROAOS w '"■Nl* IIIHI m 11 1 ii I fL ll'lllll— IIIMlll 11 i~i; 1947 $7,159,780 1948 $7,598,612 1949 $9,910,957 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 $9.9.3.521 $«840.79« $ia68l.7l7 $11 486281 $12808258 $12 716.508 §17148.524 - 10 - SECTION NO. 2 DIVISION of AIR SERVICE DIVISION OF AIR SERVICE GENERAL The summer of 1955 will long be remembered in this Department as the worst fire season on record. Perhaps coming events cast their shadow in the unusually early Spring, Break-up occurred between two and four weeks earlier than usual and virtually all our aircraft were at their operating bases on or before May 1st and even then it was not too early. During this month two large fires occurred in the Chapleau and Soo Districts and the full force of the Region *s aircraft was required to deal with them. In the month of June another 4000-acre fire broke out in the Goulais Lake area and this again was purely an aeroplane fire. That is to say, it could only be reached by air and everything had to be flown in and out. This was only one of a number that started in that month and early July, resulting in the tremendous outbreaks north of Blind River and in the vicinity of Chapleau, Sudbury and Gogama. Towards the end of the fire season there was also a serious outbreak in the Kapuskasing District. Paradoxically, most of the fires were in the eastern part of the Province and their numbers and proportions were such that men and equipment had to be flown from the West in order to cope with it. Because of the tremendous demand, everything used in fighting fires was in short supply and as a case in point, the Department was buying hose as fast as the manufacturers could produce it and the urgency was such that it was even flown from England. Never in the history of the Service were our pilots and maintenance staff called upon to meet such exacting and demanding conditions. Our pilots flew from daylight until dark and in many cases in smoke haze through which it was almost impossible to see. The rescue of fire crews from areas surrounded, or about to be surrounded, by fire were common-place and the supply of food and equipment to the fire-fighting crews was a herculean task requiring the highest degree of skill. Altogether the Service amassed the highest total of flying hours ever attained in ore year (17,785:10 hours) and I think the total of 182 hoxirs flown by one of our pilots in thirty days is perhaps another all-time record - 1 - GENERAL - cont'd, in this Department . It is further fortunate the Service possessed five spare aircraft. The tremendous pressure of meeting requirements under these demanding conditions piled up time so fast that 50-hour checks were recurring in a matter of days and engines were piling up their normal overhaul periods much more rapidly than anyone could have envisioned. The result was a continuing demand for replacement aircraft and although we were at one time completely without a spare, this condition did not maintain for very long and at no time were we unable to replace an unserviceable aircraft when the demand arose. I am more than pleased to state that, in spite of this high total, attained under sijch difficult conditions and requiring thousands of landings and take-offs, there was still not an accident to any of our aircraft or our staff, I think this is an outstanding accomplishment and perhaps without parallel in this type of flying in the history of Canada. During the year our aircraft supplied a valuable service to the election envunerators in preparation for the vote on June 9th. It^ is essential that each eligible voter be given an opportunity to cast a ballot and since the time available for eniimerating and preparing voters* lists is relatively short, aircraft must be used in order to conserve the limited time available. Another first occurred in the middle of May when our Sault Ste. Marie Otter proceeded to Port Arthur to pick up a load of chum salmon fingerlings to be deposited in the Attawapiskat River. This experiment along with another conducted in the Severn River was to determine whether or not James and Hudsons* Bay will support this type of salmon. If so, it is hoped they will return to these rivers annually to spawn and in so doing, create a source of food and livelihood for the Indians and perhaps constitute the basis of a new industry in which the Indians may be gainfully employed. The year 1955 was also the occasion of the Sault Ste. Marie Centennial and as a part of the civic program, groups of sightseers were escorted through our Plant each Friday afternoon. This included groups of Girl Guides, Boy Scouts and an association of American writers. Extensive photographic operations were completed in the southern part of the Province during the early summer. As our photographic Otter worked - 2 - GENERAL - contM. north it came closer and closer to the great fire area and finally, for about the last six weeks of the season, it was taken off photography completely and assigned to fire protection. During the summer of 1955, the union employees of the De Havilland Company of Canada struck and the plant was closed down. This put a premium on Beaver and Otter parts but fortunately we had laid in sufficient to carry us through and our Service did not suffer. While the strike did not do the De Havilland Company much good it is said that it is an ill wind that does not blow some one some good. In this case De Havilland had three pilots on their year-round staff whose services they were not able to use and they were kind enough to loan them to us during the period that our fires were at their peak. All three performed excellent service and I believe we are indebted to and must thank the De Havilland Company for this valuable contribution. I think I should also mention the advantages of our present type of field organization. The Regional system, sub-divided into Districts, provides a sufficient measure of over-all control to allow and expedite the transfer of equipment from one Region or District to another. When the fires became so bad in the eastern part of the Province, only a skeleton force of aircraft was left in the west and the balance transferred to the east to work on them. I do not think the advantages of this system can be over-rated. This report would scarcely be complete without making mention and giving due credit to those responsible for the production and maintenance of the Department's Radio Communications System and in this I refer particularly to aircraft radio. It is almost incredible that such a huge system could function so effectively with so little maintenance and I can only view it as a tribute to the knowledge, skill, resourcefulness and ingenuity of this Department's radio section. - 3 - HELICOPTERS The Department contracted for the services of two helicopters but before the summer was over it became necessary to supplement them considerably, I believe one or two were procured from the Hydro Electric Power Commission, several from the Royal Canadian Air Force and others from any source from which they could be procured. This type of vehicle provides a very useful service under certain conditions but it is still my opinion; and I believe it is shared by the field staff; that this type of vehicle cannot operate without the support of a fleet of conventional aircraft such as our Beavers. I have yet to find a senior field official that is prepared to trade his Beaver for one helicopter as standard equipment for a base. MAINTENANCE, NEW CONSTRUCTION AND EXPANSION No construction was undertaken during the fiscal period under review but normal maintenance was performed where and when required. Painting and running repairs were carried out to the end that the condition of our buildings and equipment was maintained to our usual standards. It is hoped that 1956 will see the addition of sanitary equipment at two or three of our outlying bases. Such improvements were completed at Pays Plat and Nakina and a substantial start was made on similar improvements at Temagami . WINTER OPERATIONS Winter operations were conducted from Toronto, Algonquin Park, Sudbury, Gogama, Chapleau, Geraldton, Port Arthur, Eva Lake, Kenora and Sioux Lookout and in addition, one spare machine was assigned to supplement the activities of the Chapleau machine in conducting a moose census under the supervision of the Division of Fish and Wildlife and the Division of Research. ACCIDENTS I am very pleased to report there were no serious accidents of any kind during the period under review. The following tables are submitted as supplementary to this report - 4 - TAB L £ 1 Operating Bas ies 1955 - 56 BASE Red Lake X Kenora Fort Frances X Eva Lake X Sioux Lookout Ignace X Port Arthur Caribou Lake Orient Bay Pays Plat Twin Lakes X Geraldton Pickle Lake Ob a Lake White River X Sault Ste. Marie X Chapleau X Gogama South Porcupine Temagami X Sudbury Parry Sound X Algonquin Park Carey Lake Kenogami Remi Lake Lauzon Lake M Toronto J'hotography TYPE OF AIRCRAFT Beaver Beaver (2) Beaver Beaver Beaver (2) Otter Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver (2) Otter Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver Beaver (2) Dove Otter X - Denotes year-round bases - 5 - T A B L E 11 Transport Aircraft - Effective Loads Carried 1955 - 56 Aircraft Hours Flown Effective Loads BEAVER CF-OBS 354:20 378,220 lbs, 189 tons 220 lbs CF-OBT 443:05 424,840 lbs 212 tons 840 lbs CF-OBU 354:55 157,669 lbs 78 tons 1669 lbs CF-OBV 602:55 380,755 lbs 190 tons 755 lbs CF-OBW 522:15 256,060 lbs 128 tons 60 lbs CF-03X 472:40 602,025 lbs 301 tons 25 lbs CF-OBY 336:50 218,715 lbs 109 tons 715 lbs CF-03Z 434:45 318,000 lbs 159 tons CF-OCA 574:30 307,900 lbs 153 tons 1900 lbs CF-OCB 650:00 410,685 lbs 205 tons 685 lbs CF-OCC 268:15 174,845 lbs 87 tons 845 lbs CF-OCD 630:10 368,240 lbs 184 tons 240 lbs CF-OCE 514:35 509,700 lbs 254 tons 1700 lbs CF-OCG 399:35 330,470 lbs 165 tons 470 lbs CF-OCH 261:00 133,560 lbs 66 tons 1550 lbs CF-OCJ 181:55 77,950 lbs 38 tons 1950 lbs CF-OCK 428:55 213,035 lbs ; 106 tons 1035 lbs CF-OCL 356:25 182,710 lbs ; 91 tons 710 lbs CF-OCN 547:25 466,500 lbs 233 tons 500 lbs CF-OCO 526:40 282,510 lbs 141 tons 510 lbs CF-OCP 322:25 210,190 lbs 105 tons 190 lbs CF-OCQ 559:55 266,092 lbs 133 tons 92 lbs CF-OCR 584:20 422,480 lbs 211 tons 480 lbs CF-OCS 412:25 251,505 lbs 125 tons 1505 lbs CI*- OCT 379 : 30 248,823 lbs 124 tons 823 lbs CF-OCU 442:35 473,305 lbs 236 tons 1305 lbs CF-OCV 429:10 224,965 lbs 112 tons 965 lbs CF-OCX 375:10 197,520 lbs 98 tons 1520 lbs CF-OCY 470:15 180,360 lbs 90 tons 360 lbs CF-OCZ 361:45 221,090 - 6 - lbs 110 tons . 1090 lbs T A B L E 11 cont'd. Aircraft CF-ODA CF-ODB CF-ODC CF-ODD CF-ODE CF-ODF CF-ODG CF-ODN CF-ODO DOVE CF-ODI OTTER CF-ODJ CF-ODK CF-ODL Hours Flown 413:35 365:25 484:35 94:25 340:00 545:15 522:25 289:45 72:10 316:45 343:30 408:30 390:10 Effective Loads 357,505 lbs 263,805 lbs 275,084 lbs 25,280 lbs 107,440 lbs 482,495 lbs 328,020 lbs 225,710 lbs 16,290 lbs 42,226 lbs; 115,780 lbs; 429,355 lbs; 623,184 lbs; Total Transport Section :- Total Flying Time, Hours: Total Loading, lbs. Total Loading, tons 178 tons 1505 lbs. 131 tons 1805 lbs. 137 tons 1084 lbs. 12 tons 1280 lbs. 53 tons 1440 lbs. 241 tons 495 lbs. 164 tons 20 lbs. 112 tons 1710 lbs. 8 tons 290 lbs. 21 tons 226 lbs. 57 tons 1780 lbs. 214 tons 1355 lbs. 311 tons 1184 lbs. 17,785:10 12,182,893 6,091 tons, 893 lbs TABLE III Hours Flown on Various Phases of Flying Operations Fire Ranging (Detection & Supression) Timber Management Fish & Wildlife Lands Commercial Flying Administration 1949-55 33,309:30 5,148:30 12,074:15 1,317:50 1,821:10 21,558:30 75,229:45 1955-56 11,395:35 835:20 2,333:20 180:35 457:50 2,582:30 17,785:10 Total 44,705:05 5,983:50 14,407:35 1,498:25 2,279:00 24,141:00 93,014:55 - 7 - TABLE III cont'd. Break-down of Administration Mercy Flights Tests (Radio & Aircraft) Ferrying & Instructions Research, Incl. Entomology and Dusting Forced Landings & Operations Transportation Ordinary Transportation Special Photography Surveys 1955-56 TOTAL 54:45 54:45 140:55 140:55 106:40 106:40 192:20 192:20 634:25 634:25 759:20 759:20 436:25 436:25 129:45 129:45 127:55 127:55 2,582:30 2,582:30 TABLE IV Passengers and Personnel Carried 1924-55 1955-56 Passengers Carried Personnel Carried Total Passengers and Personnel Carried 340,114 123,730 463,844 46,478 6,723 53,201 TOTAL 386,592 130,453 517,045 Effective Loads Flown, Ibsj 97,343,378 Effective Loads Flown, Tons; 12,182,893 109,526,271 BASE Algonquin Park Carey Lake Caribou Lake Chapleau Eva Lake Fort Frances 48,669 tons 6,091 tons 54,763 tons 5,378 lbs. 893 lbs. 271 lbs. TABLE V Hours Flown At Bases 1955 - 56 HOURS FLOWN 600:45 391:45 344:00 730:25 674:05 573:50 8 - cont 'd, TABLE V cont'd. Hours Flown At Bases 1955 - 56 BASE Geraldton Gogama Ignace Kenogami Ken or a Lauzon Lake Ob a Lake Orient Bay Pays Plat Parry Sound Pickle Lake Port Arthur Red Lake Remi Lake Sault Ste. Marie Sioux Lookout South Porcupine Sudbury Temagami Twin Lakes Toronto Photographic Operations White River Air Service Operations, testing, ferrying etc HOURS FLOVfN 511:05 937:20 356:20 622:40 873:10 527:25 493:15 407:50 426:40 349:10 431:50 571:10 413:45 527:15 1,314:20 941:10 561:10 577:30 502:15 371:20 1,062:30 308:25 488:55 893:50 17,785:10 - 9 - TABLE VI Flying Time - Pilots PILOTS 1924-55 1955-56 TOTAL Allen DW 810:00 393;45 1,203:45 Beaushene GD 1,041:20 433:55 1,475:15 Burton EC 3,950:50 447:55 4,398:45 Burtt A£ 5,033:30 593:55 5,627:25 Buckworth WB 3,019:15 3,019:15 Calladine TJ 2,171:00 549:55 2,720:55 Calver DRH 646:15 510:40 1,156:55 Campbell GE 733:20 873:25 1,606:45 Golfer AP 1,753:40 603:55 2,357:35 Cooke TO 3,581:30 590:00 4,171:30 Culliton JP 3,776:40 73:40 3,850:20 Denley JG 4,851:55 477:50 5,329:45 Dinnin AR 241:20 5:15 246:35 Evans FB 2,061:00 548:35 2,609:35 Fairbanks DC 113:35 113:35 Fawcett TB 2,370:30 486:30 2,857:00 Ferderber WA 130:15 130:15 Fiskar UW 10:55 10:55 Glennie NA 490:40 490:40 Hoar HA 1,442:00 351:35 1,793:35 Hoeberg PS 753:40 440:20 1,194:00 Hugill WA 393:05 427:45 820:50 James FC 279:00 279:00 Kincaid J 4,256:00 534:05 4,790:05 Kirk CJ 2,198:10 478:00 2,676:10 Lamont JA 1,381:25 513:10 1,894:35 Lanktree WJ 1,321:20 370:25 1,691:45 LeFeuvre CJ 5,823:05 707:40 6,530:45 MacDougall FA 4,548:15 64:05 4,612:20 Neale G 134:45 134:45 Parsons R 5,646:40 - 10 - 458:10 6,104:50 TABLE VI cont'd. Flying Time - Pilots PILOTS 1924-55 1955-56 TOTAL Ponsf ord GE 1,099:20 93:45 1,193:05 Phillips GHR 10,862:45 241:50 11,104:35 Poulln li) 5,736:15 718:40 6,454:55 Re Id DM 2,902:15 356:50 3,259:05 Reynolds R 301:55 301:55 Siegel J 3,000:55 429:00 3,429:55 Speight HC 4,057:55 525:15 4,583:10 Stone RWE 2,512:25 618:45 3,13l:l0 Smith AB 4,851:45 540:40 5,392:25 Shlnnle RD 511:10 511:10 Taylor JM 3,076:20 69:00 3,145:20 Thompson FJ 563:55 514:25 1,078:20 Trussler G£ 5,591:35 363:35 5,955:10 Thomas E 1,516:15 402:10 1,918:25 Other Pilots 140,942:00 4:30 140,946:30 250,519:25 17,785:10 268,304:35 AIRCRAFT Beaver CF-OBS CF-OBT CF-OBU CF-OBV CF-OBW CF-OBX CF-OBY CF-OBZ CF-OCA CF-OCB • • • a TAB L E VII Flying Time - Aircr aft 1924- -55 3,105:25 2,120:00 2,337:20 2,267:35 2,302:25 2,083:15 2,249:15 2,177:25 1,715:25 2,201:40 1955-56 354:20 443:05 354:55 602:55 522:15 472:40 336:50 434:45 574:30 650:00 - 11 - cont • d . TOTAL 3,459:45 2,563:05 2,692:15 2,870:30 2,824:40 2,555:55 2,586:05 2,612:10 2,289:55 2,851:40 AIRCRAFT Beaver CF-OCC CF-OCD CF-OCE CF-OCG CF-OCH CF-OCJ CF-OCK CF-OCL CF-OCN CF-OCO CF-OCP cf-cx:q CF-OCR CF-OCS CF-OCT CF-OCU CF-OCV CF-OCX CF-OCY CF-OCZ CF-ODA CF-ODB CF-ODC CF-ODD CF-ODE CF-ODF CF-ODG CF-ODN CF-ODO TABLE VII cont'd. Flying Time - Aircraft 1924-55 1955-56 2,208:35 1,623:00 2,31i:l5 1,721:45 1,866:55 1,639:30 1,976:30 1,992:55 2,012:30 1,418:10 1,639:25 2,372:55 1,790:05 2,177:35 1,536:20 1,845:05 1,394:40 1,272:30 1,246:35 1,012:20 1,148:10 1,604:55 1,558:10 391:55 453:45 1,104:25 864:35 72:50 268:15 630:10 514:35 399:35 261:00 181:55 428:55 356:25 547:25 526:40 322:25 559:55 584:20 412:25 379:30 442:35 429:10 375:10 470:15 361:45 413:35 365:25 484:35 94:25 340:00 545:15 522:25 289:45 72:10 TOTAL 2,476:50 2,253:10 2,825:50 2,121:20 2,127:55 1,821:25 2,405:25 2,349:20 2,559:55 1,944:50 1,961:50 2,932:50 2,374:25 2,590:00 1,915:50 2,287:40 1,823:50 1,647:40 1,716:50 1,374:05 1,561:45 1,970:20 2,042:45 486:20 793:45 1,649:40 1,387:00 362:35 72:10 - 12 - cont'd, AIRCRAFT Dove CF-ODI Otter CF-ODJ CF-ODK CF-ODL All Other Aircraft TABLE VII cont'd. Flying Time - Aircraft 1924-55 1955-56 633:30 538:55 731:20 456:15 182,401:15 249,578:20 316:45 343:30 408:30 390:10 17,785:10 TOTAL 950:15 882:25 1,139:50 846:25 182,401:15 267,363:30 MERCY AND EMERGENCY FLIGHTS 1955-56 DATE May 3/55 AIRCRAFT PILOT JOURNEY CF-ODC G.H.R. Phillips Smoke Lake to Brent Lake to Smoke Lake June 13 and CF-OCH C.J. Kirk June 14/55 CF-ODA June 15/55 CF-OCB T.B. Fawcett June 30/55 CF-OCV G.D. Beaushene July 22/55 CF-OBZ F.J. Thompson July 27/55 CF-OCK A.E. Burtt Jackfish Island to Nipigon to Orient Bay TIME REASON 1:00 Bring Ranger with severely cut leg to Doctor . May 25/55 CF-OBU W.J. Lanktree Dryden to Cedar :50 Lake to Dryden Geraldton to 10:50 Sault to Toronto to Sault to Geraldton McAlpine Lake to :20 Niobe Lake Mobert to Wawa to 1:25 White River Port Arthur to Sibley to Ship "Starbuck" to Port Arthur Take Doctor to treat man with serious head injuries. Transport seriously ill baby to Toronto Hospital. Bring injured woman hurt in fall for medical attention. 1:00 Man with severed artery on left ankle rushed to Hospital. L & F employee flown to hospital at Wawa after having suffered a stroke . 1:00 Fly Doctor to boat to treat injured sailor. 13 - cont * d , -DATE Aug, 3/55 Aug. 8/55 Aug. 9/55 Aug. 3/55 Aug. 9/55 MERCY AND EMERGENCY FLIGHTS 1955-56 cont'd. JOURNEY AIRCRAFT PILOT TIME CF-OCS D. C. Fairbanks Ivanhoe Lake to 1:25 Sudbury CF-ODC G. Neale CF-OCL D.M. Reid CF-ODJ E. Thomas CF-OCQ D.R. Calver Sept. 6/55 CF-ODI R, Reynolds Sept. 5/55 CF-OCB F.C. James Sept. 7/55 CF-OCT R.D. Shinnie Sept. 18/55 CF-OBT G.E. Campbell Jan. 1 and Jan. 2/56 CF-OBT G.E. Campbell :50 :50 Smoke Lake to Dickson Lake to Smoke Lake Parry Sound to Byng Inlet to Harris Lake to Parry Sound Timmins to Toronto to Sudbury 5:25 Remi Lake to Camp 15 to Rernl Lake Toronto to Timmins to Toronto Bay ley Bay to Ely, Minnesota to Prairie Port Oba Lake to Tat nail Lake to Wawa Gogama to Ronda to Sudbury to Gogama Gogama to Sudbury to Gogama REASON Transport young girl with spinal meningitis to Sudbury Hospital. Man suffering from heart attack flown to Hospital. Man with severely cut knee flown to Hospital. Seriously ill child flown to Toronto Hospital, Seriously ill woman flown to Hospital. Take injured man to Toronto Hospital for medical treat- ment , :30 Man with injured back flown to Hospital. :40 Transport seriously ill woman to Hospital for medical care, 2:05 Transport injured accident victim to Sudburj Hospital. 1:45 Man suffering from heart attack flown to Sudbury Hospital) :50 4:30 14 - SECTION NO. 3 DIVISION of nSH and WILDLIFE WILDLIFE SECTION Open Seasons During 1955 - 56 open seasons were established by regulation as follows: Deer (a) October 1st to November 25th: North of the northernmost east- west line of the Canadian National Railway from the Quebec boundary to the Manitoba boundary and south of the southern boundary of the "Hinterland Area." (b) October 15th to November 25th: (1) That part of Kenora District which lies south of the trans- continental line of the Canadian National Railway; and (2) Those parts of Algoma, Cochrane, Sudbury and Temlskamlng Districts which lie south of the transcontinental line of the Canadian National Railway, and north of Highway No. 66 westerly from the Quebec boundary along that highway and the new Matachewan Highway to Highway No, 65, south-easterly to the Elk. Lake-Westree Road, south-westerly to Westree at the Canadian National Railway, southerly to the north boundary of Blewett Township, westerly to the N.W. angle of Brebeuf Township, southerly to the S.W. angle of Antrim Township, westerly to the S.W. angle of X Township, northerly to the N.W. angle of 7Z Township, westerly slxty-slx miles to the meridian line surveyed In 1898 by T. B. Speight, O.L.S., southerly to the N.E. angle of Township 24 range 14, westerly along the north boundaries of townships 24 to 29 Inclusive range 14, and westerly to the southerly production of the boundary between Algoma and Thunder Bay Districts. (c) October 22nd to November 12th: That part of the District of Thunder Bay lying south of the main transcontinental line of the Canadian National Railway from Fowler Station east to the easterly boundary of the Township of Naklna. (d) November 1st to November 25th: The District of Rainy River and the area south of (b) (2) and north of the French and Mattawa Rivers, the north shore of Georgian Bay, the north shore of the North Channel, and - 1 - Including Cockburn, Great Cloche, Little Cloche, and Phillip Edward Islands, and the Islands in McGregor Bay and Bay of Islands, (e) November 15th to November 25th: St. Joseph Island, Manitoulin Island, and the other Islands in Manitoulin district except those referred to in (d). (f ) November 7th to November 19th: The District of Parry Sound; the District of Muskoka (except the townships of Medora and Wood); that part of the District of Nipissing lying south of the northerly boundary of the Township of West Ferris and the Mattawa River; the counties of Haliburton, Lanark and Renfrew; the Township of Rama in the County of Ontario; the townships of Dalton, Longford and Somerville, and the Township of Digby (except concessions 1 and 2) in the County of Victoria; those parts of the counties of Peterborough, Hastings and Lennox and Addington lying north of No. 7 Highway; and those parts of the County of Frontenac and the Township of North Crosby in the County of Leeds lying north of No. 7 Highway from the west boundary of the Township of Kennebec, in the County of Frontenac, easterly to the Frontenac County road between concessions 2 and 3* Township of Alden, thence southerly along this county road through Mountain Grove and along the west side of Eagle Lake to No. 38 Highway at P£u*ham, thence easterly along No. 38 Highway to the Mass Road at a point between Parhara and Tichborne, thence southerly, easterly and northerly along the Mass Road around the south shore of Bob's Lake to the coionty road at Fermoy, thence easterly along this county road through Westport in the County of Leeds to the north shore of the Upper Rideau Lake, thence easterly along the north shore of the Upper Rideau Lake to the east boundary of the Township of North Crosby in the County of Leeds* Excepting therefrom those portions of the District of Nipissing and the County of Haliburton which comprise Algonquin Park. (g) November 7th to November 12th: That part of the County of Carleton lying west of the Rideau River. (h) November 9th to November 12th: (1) Those parts of the counties of Peterborough, Hastings and Lennox and Addington, lying south of No. 7 Highway, and that part of the - 2 - County of Frontenac lying south of the line defined In (f). (2) (1) The counties of Dundas, Glengarry, Grenvllle, Prescott, Russell and Stormont; (U) That part of the County of Carleton lying east of the Rldeau River; and (ill) The County of Leeds (except that part of the Township of North Crosby lying north of the line defined In (f)). (1) November 23rd to November 26th: (1) The counties of Bruce and Grey; and (2) The counties of Brant, Huron, Oxford, Perth and Waterloo. Only shotguns may be used during the open season for deer In the areas enumerated In subclause (2) of clause (h) and In subclause (2) of clause (l). Moose Schedule 1. South of the southern boundary of the "Hinterland Area" and north of the northernmost east-west line of the Canadian National Railway, easterly from the Ontario-Manitoba boundary to the westerly bank of the Little Jackflsh River, southerly along the Little Jackflsh River and the westerly shore of Lake Nlplgon to a point west of Macdlarmld, easterly to Highway No. 11 in Macdlarmld and easterly along Highway No. 11 to the Nagagami River, northerly along that river to the line of the Canadian National Railway and easterly along that railway to the Ontario-Quebec boundary: EXCEPT: That portion of the District of Kenora lying north of the northernmost east-west line of the C.N. Railway between Canyon Lake and the 6th meridian line; east of Canyon Lake, Canyon River, Wablgoon River, Ball Lake, Tide Lake, and Maynard Lake, and their connecting waters and the connecting waters between Maynard Lake and Oak LjUce to the 7th Base Line, the 7th Base Line easterly to Highway No. 105 (Red Lake Road), Highway No. 105, northwesterly to the south boundary of Heyson Township, westerly to the south-west angle of Baird Township, and northerly to the 9th Base Line; south of the 9th Base Line easterly to the 6th meridian line; and west of the 6th - 3 - raerldlan line southerly to the line of the C.N. Railway. (a) October 1st to October 15th; Any moose— resident and non-resident hunters. (b) November 26th to December 2^th; Any moose— resident hunters only. Schedule 2. South of the northernmost east-west line of the C.N. Railway easterly from the Ontario-Manitoba boundary to the 4th meridian line; west of the 4th meridian line southerly to the base line surveyed in 1893 by A. Niven, O.L.S.; north of that base line westerly to the meridian line siirveyed in 1927 by Speight and Van Nostrand, O.L.S.; west of that meridian line southerly to the south boundary of Kenora District; north of that south boundary westerly to the Ontario-Manitoba boundary; and east of that boundary northerly to the line of the C.N. Railway; and INCLUDING the area comprising the exception defined in Schedule 1. (a) October 15th to October 30th; and (b) November 26th to December 24th; Any moose— resident hunters only. Schedule 3. South of the transcontinental line of the C.N. Railway easterly from the 4th meridian line to the boundary between Kenora and Thunder Bay Districts; west of that boundary southerly to the boundary between Kenora and Rainy River Districts; north of that boundary westerly to the meridian line surveyed by O.L.S. Speight and Van Nostrand in 1927; east of that meridian line northerly to the base line surveyed by A. Nlven, O.L.S., in 1895; south of that base line easterly to the 4th meridian line; and east of that meridian line northerly to the transcontinental line of the C.N. Railway. (a) October 15th to October 31st; Bulls only— resident and non-resident hunters, (b) November 26th to December 24th; Any moose— resident hunters only. Schedule 4, South of the transcontinental line of the C.N. Railway easterly from the boundary between Kenora and Thunder Bay to the - 4 - west bank of the Little Jackflsh River; west of that river, the west shore of Lake Nlplgon and No. 11 Highway from Macdlarrald southerly to the south limit of Nlplgon Provincial Forest; north of that south limit In a general westerly direction to the N.W. angle of Nlplgon Township, the S.W. angle of that township, the N.W. angle of Stirling Township, the S.W. angle of that township, the Intersection of a line drawn south through the S.E. angle of Q.T.P. Railway land grant Block No. 3* the south boundary of that land grant Block to Its Intersection with the C.P. Railway and that railway to the boundary between Kenora and Thunder Bay districts; and east of that boundary northerly to the transcontinental line of the C.N. Railway. (a) October 1st to October 31st; Bulls only— resident and non-resident hunters. (b) November 1st to November 30th; Any moose— resident hunters only. Schedule 5. East of the west boundary of Thunder Bay District southerly from the Intersection at that Boundary with the line of the C.P, Railway to the south boundary of Thunder Bay District; north of that south boundary easterly to Its Intersection with meridian 88 west; west of that meridian northerly to the south boundary of Nlplgon Provincial Forest following Nlplgon Strait, Nlplgon Bay and No. 17 and No. 11 Highways; and south of the southerly boundary of Schedule 4. (a) October 15th to October 31st; (b) November 15th to November 30th; Bulls only— resident hunters only. Schedule 6. V/est of the Ontario-Quebec boundary southerly from the transcontinental line of the C.N. Railway to Highway No. 66; north (In a general westerly direction) of this highway, the new Matachewan Highway, Highway No. 65, the Elk Lake-Westree Road, the C.N. Railway from Westree to the north boundary of Blewett Township, to the N.W. angle of Brebeuf Township, to the S.W. angle of Antrim Township, to the S.W. angle of Township X, to the N.W. angle of Township 7Z, to th9. N.W, angle of Township 29 range 14, to the S.W. boundary of Algoma district; northwesterly along that boundary - 5 - and the S.W. boundary of Thunder Bay district to meridian 88 west; east of that meridian northerly to Macdiarmid along Isle St. Ignace, Nipigon Strait, Nipigon Bay, and Nipigon River to Highway No. 17 and easterly to Highway No. 11; west of No. 11 Highway northerly from No. 17 Highway to Macdiarmid; and south of the southerly boundary of Schedule 1 from Macdiarmid east to the Ontario-Quebec boundary, (a) October 15th to October 31st; Any moose— resident and non-resident hunters. (b) November 26th to December 24th; Any moose— resident hunters only. Schedule 7. East of the high-water mark of Lake Superior southerly from the N.W. angle of Township 29 range 14 to the high-water mark of the North Channel; north of that high-water mark easterly to the high-water mark of Serpent River and Serpent Lake and the west boimdary of Shedden Township; west of a line drawn northerly to the N.W. angle of Township 0, westerly to the S.W. angle of Township X and northerly to the N.W. angle of Township 7Z; south of a line drawn westerly to the N.W. angle of Township 29 range 14. November 12th to December 17th; Bulls only— resident hunters only. Schedule 8. South of a line drawn westerly along the south boundary of Schedule 6 from the Ontario-Quebec boundary where it is intersected by Highway No. 66 to the N.W. angle of Township 0; east of a line drawn southerly to the west boundary of Shedden Township where it is intersected by Highway No. 17; north of Highway No. 17 easterly to Highway No. 63 in North Bay, the last mentioned highway to Trout Lake, Talon Lake, Mattawa River and connecting waters to the Ontario-Quebec boundary; west of that boundary northerly to Highway No. 66. November 26th to December 10th; Bulls only— resident hunters only. Upland Game Birds and Small Game Animails Hungarian Partridge: (a) September 17 to November 19 inclusive: North and West of the French and Mattawa Rivers and Lake Nipissing, and - 6 - Including Manltoulin Island; (b) October 8 to October 15 Inclusive: The counties of Carleton, Dundas, Glengarry, Grenvllle, Prescott, Russell and Stormont; and (c) October 3 to October 22: That part of Ontario not described In (a) and (b). Bag Limit — 8 per day; possession limit — 16 at any one time. Ruffed Grouse, Sharp-tailed Grouse, Spruce Partridge: (1) September 17 to November 19: North and West of the French and Mattawa Rivers^ and Lake Nlplsslng and Including Manltoulin, Bag Limit — 5 per day; possession limit— 15 at any one time. (2) October 8 to November 19: South of the French and mttawa Rivers and Lake Nlplsslng excluding the counties named In (3). Bag Limit 5 per day; possession limit— 15 at any one time. (3) October 29 to November 5: Brant, Elgin, Essex, Haldlmand, Hal ton, Kent, Lambton, Lincoln, Mddlesex, Norfolk, Oxford, Peel, Welland, Wentworth and York Counties. Bag Limit— 3 per day; possession limit— 15 at any time. Ptarmigan: September 1, 1955 to March 31, 1956, inclusive: In any part of Ontario. Bag Limit— 5 pei* day; possession limit— 15 at any one time. *PheasantG: (a) October 26 and 27 (8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.): Pelee Island, Aggregate possession limit: 12 birds (8 cocks, 4 hens). (b) October 26, 28 and 29 (8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.): The co\inties of Brant, Hal ton, Huron, Oxford, V/aterloc^ Wellington and Wentworth. Bag Limit: 3 cock birds per day. (c) October 28 and 29 (8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.): (I) The County of York; (II) The Township of Darlington in Durham County; and (131) The townships of East Whitby, Pickering, and Whitby in Ontario County. B£ig Limit: 3 cock birds per day. X ^^« ,.'>.*-«,4^i - 7 - (d) October 26 to November 2 (8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.): That part of Ontario not described in (a), (b) and (c). Bag Limit: 3 cock birds per day. Squirrel (Black, Grey and Pox): October 26 to November 12 inclusive: In any part of Ontario. Bag Limit— 5 per day; possession limit— 10 at any one time. ♦Rabbit: (a) November 1, 1955# to January 31* 1956, inclusive: The counties of Essex and Kent. (b) November 1, 1955* to February 29* 1956, inclusive: (1) The counties of Elgin, Haldimand, Lamb ton, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Peel, Welland and York; (ii) The townships of Clarke and Darlington in Durham County; (Hi) The townships of East Whitby, Pickering and Whitby in Ontario County; and (iv) The townships of Adjala, Tecuraseh, and West Gwillimbury in Simcoe County. (c) October 26 and October 28, 1955 — February 29, 1956: (i) The counties of Brant, Halton, Oxford and Wentworth; (U) The townships of Hay, Stanley and Stephen in Huron County; (Hi) The township of Wilmot in Waterloo County; and ^v) The township of Puslinch in Wellington County. (d) May 20, 1955* to October 31, I956: That part of Ontario not described in (a), (b) and (c). Bag Limit— 6 cotton-tail rabbits per day. Raccoon: August 1, 1955 to October 3I, 1956: In any part of Ontario. ♦Special Township Hiinting Licences are required to authorize the hunting of pheasants, rabbits and foxes in specified townships in the counties of Brant, Durham, Elgin, Essex, Haldimand, Halton, Huron, Kent, Lambton, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Ontario, Oxford, Peel, Prince Edward, Simcoe, Waterloo, Welland, Wellington, Wentworth and York, Special licences obtainable only through local Departmental Offices are required In order to hunt raccoon at night with hounds. - g - Pxir Beaver (By quota only): 1, November 1st, 1955 to May 21st, 1956: In that part of Ontario lying north of the northernmost line of the C.N.R, 2. November 1st, 1955 to April 30th, 1956: In that part of Ontario lying south of the northernmost line of the C.N.R. Fisher and Marten (On registered traplines and by quota only): November 1st, 1955 to January 21st, I956: In all parts of Ontario. Pox: May 20th, 1955 to October 31st, I956: In all parts of Ontario, Lynx (On registered traplines and by quota only): November 1st, 1955 to February 29th, I956: In all parts of Ontario, Mink: 1. November 1st, 1955 to February 29th, 1956: (a) In that part of Ontario lying north of the northernmost line of the C.N.R. (b) In the counties of Elgin, Essex, Haldiraand, Kent, Lambton, Middlesex, Norfolk and Welland. 2. November 1st, 1955 to January 21st, 1956: In that part of Ontario lying south of the northernmost line of the C.N.R, excepting therefrom the counties of Elgin, Essex, Haldimand, Kent, Lambton, Middlesex, Norfolk, and Welland. Raccoon: August Ist, 1955 to October 31st, 1956: In all parts of Ontario. Otter: November 1st, 1955 to April 30th, 1956: In all parts of Ontario except in the counties of Brant, Dufferin, Elgin, Essex, Grey, Haldimand, Halton, Huron, Kent, Lambton, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Ontario, Oxford, Peel, Perth, Siracoe, Waterloo, Welland, Wellington, Wentvrorth, York, and in the townships of Arran, Brant, Bruce, Carrick, Culross, Elderslie, Greenock, Huron, Kincardine, Kinross, and Saugeen in the County of Bruce, where there is NO OPEN SEASON, - 9 - Muskrat: !• November 1st, 1955 to May 31st, 1956: In that part of Ontario lying north of the northernmost line of the C.N.R. 2, November 1st, 1955 to May 21st, 1956: In the remainder of the province lying north of the French and Mattawa Rivers, (Including Manltoulln) 3. November 1st, 1955 to April 21st, 1956. In the counties of Elgin, Essex, Kent, Middlesex and Norfolk. k» November 12th, 1955 to December 11th, 1955. (a) In the county of Prince Edward, (b) In the Holland Marsh Trapping Unit as described in OR 95/55> Schedule 7 Item 2, (c) In the townships of Ad Jala, Essa, Innlsfil, Tecuraseth, Tosorontio and West Gwillimbury in the County of Simcoe, 5, March 1st, 1956 to April 21st, 1956: In the counties of Brant, Bruce, Carleton, Dufferin, Dundas, Durham, Glengarry, Grenville, Grey, Haldimand, Halton, Huron, Larabton, Leeds, Lincoln, Northumberland, Ontario, Oxford, Peel, Perth, Peterborough, Prescott, Prince Edward, Russell, Simcoe, Stormont, Victoria, Waterloo, Welland, Wellington, Wentworth, and York, and in those parts of the counties of Prontenac, Hastings, Lanark and Lennox and Addington, lying southerly and easterly of Highway No, 7# Highway No, 15 between Perth and Carleton Place, and Highway No, 29 from Carleton Place to where it intersects the boundary between the coiintles of Lanark and Carleton, 6, March 10th, 1956 to April 30th, 1956: In the districts of Muskoka and Parry Sound, and that part of the district of Nipissing lying south of Trout Lake and the Mattawa River, in the county of Renfrew and the Provisional County of Haliburton, and in those parts of the counties of Prontenac, Hastings, Lanark, and Lennox and Addington lying northerly ajid westerly of Highway No. 7, Highway No, 15 between Perth and Carleton Place, and Highway No. 29 from Carleton Place to where it intersects the boundary between the counties of Lanark and Carleton. NOTE: On all registered traplines the muskrat season opens on November 1st and extends to the closing date given above for the region in - 10 - which the trapllne Is located. All trapping of beaver, fisher, lynx and marten Is on a quota basis only, set by the Department. Quotas are set for fisher, lynx and marten for registered trapllnes only. All beaver, fisher, lynx, marten, mink and otter are to be sealed by a Department Officer before being sold by the trapper. Migratory Birds Duck hunters In Ontario were allowed a dally bag limit of eight ducks during the 1955 hunting season. This bag limit does not Include mergansers, and may Include not more than one wood duck. Five geese, twenty- five rails, coots and galllnules (in the aggregate), eight Wilson* s snipe, eight woodcock and eight mourning doves may also be taken each day In this Province, and the possession limit for all Is two days' bag. Open seasons will be as follows: (all dates Inclusive) Ducks, geese, rails, coots, galllnules, mourning doves, woodcock and Wilson's snipe In the Northern District, September 15th to December 15th; In the Central District, September 17th to December 15th; In the Southern District, October 1st to December 15th (except that In Essex County the open season for geese Is October 1st to December 31st, Inclusive). The Northern District of Ontario comprises that part of the Province lying north of a line described as follows: Commencing at the point where the right of way of the Canadian National Railway Intersects the east boundary of the Province near Goodwin Station; thence westerly along the said right of way of the Canadian National Railway through Cochrane, Kapuskaslng, Hearst and Sloxix Lookout to the Intersection of the said right of way with the west boijndary of the Province near White Station, The Southern District of Ontario comprises: those parts of Muskoka District and Slmcoe County lying west of Highway 69; In Ontario County, those parts of the townships of Rama, Mara, Thorah, Brock, and Reach lying west of Highways 69 and 12, and the townships of Scott, Uxbrldge, Pickering, Whitby and East Whitby; In Durham County, the townships of Darlington and Clarke; and the Counties of Brant, Bruce, Dufferln, Elgin, Essex, Grey, Haldlraand, Halton, Huron, Kent, Lambton, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, Oxford, Peel, Perth, Waterloo, Welland, V/elllngton, Wentworth and York. - 11 - The Central District of Ontario comprises all that part of the Province which is not included in the Northern District or the Southern District. Wildlife Management Moose The moose inventory upon which the 1956 open season decisions will be based was again carried out throughout the province. The results are presented in Table 1. It will be seen that the total for the province is a little higher than in 195^- There is probably little change in the status of moose in the province, and any changes in the totals for individual districts are the result of revisions of estimates based on more complete data. For example, a moose census research project was carried out with the aid of a helicopter and beaver aircraft in the White River, Chapleau and Gogama Districts during the winter. The result of this gave Gogama District some very complete counts of moose on some study areas. Interpolation of these results over the whole district enabled the staff to revise their moose population estimate upward from an estimate of I690 in 1954 to 4451 in 1955. i?ii.& ..lo,i'r - 12 - TABLE 1 ONTARIO MOOSE POPULATION ESTIMATES 1955 Districts Chapleau Cochrane Port Frances Geraldton Gogama Kapuskaslng Kenora Lindsay North Bay- Parry Sound Patricia Central Patricia East Patricia West Pembroke Port Arthur Sault Ste, Marie Sioux Lookout Sudbury Swastika Tweed White River Kenora - Patricia West portion Total .t-? l4- 195^ 1489 23^8 368 281^4 1690 3249 2221 118 900 285 5375 2861 5550 582 2908 1878 1185 924 1000 116 1350 1400 40641 1955 772 2970 367 2727 4451 3854 982 105 808 300 5675 2345 6665 609 2595 1470 1100 1000 1067 175 1900 1863 43800 - 13 - Again there was a substantial Increase In the number of moose licences sold in 1955. 1952 1953 195^ 1955 5196 7502 8958 637 735 lUl Resident 36 20 Non-resident 0 Total 3620 5833 8237 10099 Deep snow coming during the early part of the season cut off access to remote areas and tended to concentrate hunters. In spite of this hunter success was generally higher than in previous years and ran at 28j6 compared to 25^ in 195^ • Table 2 gives the licence sales, returns, and hunter success for each district in which the season for moose was open. Table 3 gives the reported kill of bulls, cows and calves for each district and the estimated total kill for the province. TABLE 2. Chapleau Cochrane Fort Prances Geraldton Gogama Kapuskaslng Kenora North Bay Port Arthur Sault Ste. Marie Sioxox Lookout Sudbury Swastika White River Totals SUMMARY OP MOOSE LICENCES SOLD, RETURNS MADE AND HUNTER SUCCESS 1955 R e s 1 d e n t N 0 n - R e B i d e n t Licences Returns Hunters Licences Returns Hunters Issued Made Success Issued Made Success 328 230 25^ 61 38 16^ 1,642 303 51^ 92 42 98^ 127 » M 19 M „ 717 659 40^ 73 34 7g 266 205 61^ 52 32 1,104 758 36^ 68 58 73^ 437 383 43^ 269 31 16^ 278 222 25^ 5 •• » 1,052 440 24^ 49 22 68^ 581 556 21^ 64 4?9 46^ 398 378 58^ 258 69^ 690 114 30^ 15 1 100^ 993 726 17^ 25 1 100^ 345 91 80^ 91 21 90^ 8,958 5,065 1,141 783 - 14 - TABLE 3« MOOSE HARVEST STATISTICS FOR 1935. District Bulls Cows Calves Unspecl- Reported Estimated Estimated fled Kill Kill Yield Per 100 Miles Res: 43 28 9 0 80 qq 1 «> 4 4 10 9 ^ ^'^ Chapleau ] Non-Res: 4 4 10 9 Cochrane Res: 82 57 16 0 155 28s 1 Q Non-Res: 29 10 2 0 41 '^^^ ^'^ Geraldton Res: 134 95 36 0 265 Non-Res: Gogaraa Non-Res: 16 8 2 1 27 3^ ^''^ Res: 60 53 9 3 125 8 9 2 4 23 ^57 2.7 Kapuskaslng Res: 144 98 32 1 275 |.q|. ^ 7 Non-Res: 29 9 0 0 38 ^^ '^•' Sudbury Res: 24 7 1 0 32 Non-Res: 10 0 0 1 192 2.6 59 1.2 Kenora Res: 87 50 29 0 166 Non-Res: 3 1 1 0 5 North Bay- Res: 52 0 0 0 52 Non-Res: 0 0 0 0 0 Port Arthur Res: 91 69 20 0 I80 r^utz -, a Non-Res: 11 4 0 0 15 ^ Sault Ste. Marie Res: 100 8 7 0 115 iiin i 7 Non-Res: 12 10 3 0 25 Sioux Lookout Res: 106 78 3^ 1 219 fTf^o ^ t Non-Res: 200 89 23 0 312 ^^ •^•' 39 0.6 Swastika Res: 74 44 9 0 127 ipfl 2 ^ Non-Res: 10 0 0 -^ ^t.^ <,.d White River Res: 31 33 9 0 72 lis 1 8 Non-Res: 12 7 0 0 19 ^^^ ^*^ TOTALS: 135^ 771 245 10 238O 2867 - 15 - 1951 78,760 1952 70,500 1953 73,500 1954 79,000 1955 87,150 10,400 780 99,690 870 790 97,660 8,300 785 101,085 10,400 620 103, 200 8,100 710 113,120 White-tailed Deer Hunting Pressure: The rapid Increase in license sales that occurred in the immediate post-war period has not been maintained during the last five years. From 19^5 to 1950 the Increase was 66^. Total sales stood at 113,120 in 1955 a 17j^ increase over 1950. The following table gives the figures for each type of license for the last five years. year Residents Farmers Non-residents Camp Totals 9,750 25,500 18,500 13,180 17,160 The marked decrease In Non-resident license sales in 1952 was due to the ban on the export of cloven hoofed animals to the United States because of the outbreak of foot and mouth disease in Saskatchewan, In 1952 the farmers license previously valid only in the district of Haliburton, Muskoka, Parry Sound, Nipissing, Manitoulin and the country north and west of there was extended to cover the province. There is evidence that this privilege was abused by many not eligible to take out this license for there was a considerable drop in resident license sales that year, coincident with the great increase in farmer licenses. It is probable that warning publicity and court action was responsible for the reverse trend to be seen in the 1953 and 195^ figures. The high level of prosperity in Ontario may have been responsible for the record sales of licenses to Ontario hunters in 1955. Hunter Distribution: Deer occupy two separate areas in the province in huntable densities, •l?he extent of these areas is limited primarily by climatic factors but lumbering and forest fires also play a part in that they can extend or reduce them and affect their quality. The most important area from the point of view of numbers of hunters lies in the southern part of Sault Ste. Marie and Sudbury Districts, most - 16 - of the North Bay District and In the forested country lying south of the French and Mattawa rivers to Midland, Lindsay, Tweed, Perth and Arnprlor. These hunting grounds cover an area of about 27,850 square miles exclusive of Algonquin Park. Deer also occupy the farm lands lying south of this primary deer range and provide a certain amount of hunting on an Irregular basis. There Is approximately 28,000 square miles of this secondary deer range In Erie, Huron, Slmcoe and the southern parts of Lindsay, Tweed and Rldeau Districts. The second Important deer area In the province lies west of Lake Superior and covers the south-western corner of Patricia west, western Sioux Lookout, Kenora, Fort Frances and a small part of southern Port Arthur Districts. These hunting grounds cover an area of about 12,600 square miles. The highway checking stations Indicate that very few resident hunters live In one of these areas and hunt In the other so that the number of licenses Issued to residents In each area should approximate the number of sportsmen hunting there. License Issuers were asked for the number of each kind of deer license they Issued In 1955- Returns were received from 65^ of the 2,475 issuers operating throughout the province. These were used as a basis for computing hunter distribution in the two segments of deer range. Certain biases in the sample received suggest that the number of non-residents in the western deer range may be slightly underestimated while the number of residents and farmers may be slightly overestimated. The following table gives the results of this survey. 1955 Residents Farmers Non-residents Camps Total Dog Licenses Eastern Deer Range Reported Computed Western Deer Range Reported Computed 60,049 12,033 3,635 481 76,198 8,770 79,153 15,207 4,994 703 100,057 11,155 5,911 1,501 2,026 5 9,443 106 7,997 1. 3i 1,953 1,106 13,063 135 Known Total License Sales 87,150 17,160 8,100 710 113,120 11,290 The western segment of primary deer range therefore must support an average density of about one hunter per square mile. Distribution, however is not even so that some areas support much higher concentration than this while - 17 - others accommodate less. The eastern segment of primary deer range averages about 3.6 hunters per square mile. As in the west there Is variation and some areas such as the 46 square mile South Canonto deer study area supports an average of about six hunters per square mile all of whom are of course not operating at any one time. Hunter densities may build up locally much higher than this but precise measurements are lacking. Hunters Success: Information collected in recent years indicates that many factors influence success rates of hunters and that abundance of deer is not necessarily the most Important. Analysis o€ Information from highway checking stations and field observations have indicated that success rates vary greatly with hunting methods. The most successful hunters are those who hunt with guides or in well organized parties in familiar country each year. They often use dogs and operate from a camp or summer cottage. The least successful are those who drive out for a day^s hunt in unfamiliar country. It was possible to analyse the data from the 1955 highway checking stations in the eastern segment of deer range to give a comparison of the success rates for these two groups. The differences are quite striking and should provide strong encouragement for those keen hunters who do not at present belong to an organized group with a camp to Join one or form a new group. Guided and Organized Local and Casual Camp Hunters Hunters Total Man Days Percent Total Man Days Percent 1955 Checked Per Deer Success Checked Per Deer Success - 58$^ - « 11^ 30^ 509 - 135^ 12,8 4856 334 22.6 20jg 495^ 472 - 255^ 20.4 245g 1,100 31.8 55^ Additional information on the success rates of organized parties of hunters is available from a mail survey of camps situated on crown land and authorized by a land use permit. Some of these figures include parties operating from summer cottages. Lindsay Tv;eed Pembroke Parry Sound North Bay 1>895 670 1,398 724 - IS - The following table gives the results of this survey for 1955. No. of Hunters No. of Deer Killed Hunters Success Lindsay- 293 170 58$^ Tweed 1,477 741 50^ Pembroke 646 374 58^ North Bay 843 384 46^ Total 3,259 1,669 515^ The success rates for the highway checking stations for each district invariably lie between the rates given for these two groups of hunters. This checking method samples both groups but not in a random manner so that the results are biased to an unknown extent. Table 4 gives the summaries for the 1955 highway checking stations. There was a marked improvement in hunter success on Msmitoulln Island. The 1955 hunter success percentages for the North Bay and Sudbury checking stations are not comparable with previous years because of changes in checking procedure. These Districts made a special effort to contact local and casual hunters in 1955 • Sudbury ran a mobile station throughout the season, while North Bay ran four checking stations on different highways on weekends only. Their figures probably include some sportsmen who had not finished hunting and this may have had some influence on the low success reported. - 19 - iH o H ^ -=^ 00 rH CO -^ in in CM CM t- t- in in -=^ CO CO G ;u rj (D o +J-HI 09 m in E (j\ o 0L4 CO 00 00 00 r- cj\ rH CO CM OJ CO in in in CM in CO in CO ^ 00 rH VD O CO rH 00 CM VO CO rH in VJ3 00 0\ CO CO in rH o CO o ^ J:*- VD oo C3N CM CO VO rH t-- CO G\ CM r-i ^ o\ CM rH CM CO rH CM o • CM • O CM CM tr- ON VO rH rH t- ON VD a\ C^ tV CO ^ in rH C- o- 00 CM CM CfN rH in 00 rH in rH un VO CO in VD ON .=1- VO VD vo o rH CO rH ON rH CO rH in CO 00 CO 00 in o CM in VO CO o 00 CM CM C3N 00 CM in t-- o CO CM CM rH O 00 CO ON CO CM C3N 00 VD CM 00 VD CO 00 CM O ON 00 VO ON w CJN in in in CM VO rH CO CJN r-1 VO CM CO -P C •H C 03 4«H ,Q 03 10 O C O ON VD •d u I VD in CM ca 0 c rH oi 03 03 <1> O O (0 ^^ -^ ^ CO CM CO CO C •H 4J C :=i xa >> cJ •d rH o Eh CJN u (Wd -p )h > ccJ - 20 - Age and Sex Composition of the Kill: Summaries of the age and sex data collected In 1955 are presented In table 5» In his 1955 report for North Bay, Mr, c,0. Bartlett draws attention to a shortage of 1^ year old deer in the kill from the Marten River and Tlmagaml areas. He points out that this shortage was not apparent in the samples obtained in the southeastern and southwestern portions of the District adjoining the French and Mattawa Rivers. He concludes that they suggest a more than normal mortality in the 195^ fawn class and that a more thorough analysis of the data by townships and an analysis of snow conditions in the District during the winter of 195^-55 should help to Isolate the factor or factors responsible for this Increased mortality, A similar situation existed In seven townships in northeastern Tweed District where hunters success was well below that of 1954 and neighbouring areas in 1955. Mr. P,A. Thompson reporting on this situation wrote that snow depths recorded at the Dacre snow station show an average of 28.7 inches of snow with a "B" crust on the ground from 24 January to 28 March, 1955 • Over the same period the average snow depth at Bancroft was 24,8 inches. When data from the checking stations of the area are compared we find that the Dacre area had a 28^ hunters success, a fawn: doe ratio of 66:100 and a 22?^ fawn kill, while the Bancroft area had a 32^ hunters success, a fawn: doe ratio of 110:100 and a 365^ fawn kill. • 21 - c o a\ iH CO vo o • • » • • u 00 in o\ CVl ^ 7S CVJ 00 r-i iH K C u c CO VD 00 rH f- vo vo CO - CJN ^ CO CVJ CVJ rH t- CO •d H ■=t CO l>- 00 ^- O -oooN in t^ OO o ^ CO CO rH ,-i in CTN ^ CO CVJ CO CVJ r-i VO a •p CO rH rH c-o R) S S: — ~. r^rrq — - - i 0) ~^ , • : - — *" 1 — 10 ■P f -- — ^ * • 1 ' I ! -J 1 0 r- 5 O H > o ;3 • o o 1 -4- rt * ! 1 1 t 1 1 1 1 i ' ' CO ' Ft J) i , . ! J i ■ ^ • \ 1 1 -p U^.- 'n ^ T 1 ■ :; i J - ,-- WN - - — \ ^ 1 13 '.^ in — !; • • ~ — r- — 1 O r H - r 'J :) ') . - — • ■^ L — f r ' H tH T5 — *■■ J — l_ c a H >- rr ^' $: r H — h ■ > c > , c \ ' ! r H 24 Rai-i - 25 Eajn - 26 - The snow measuring stations operated In the Western Region gave ample warning during the winter that severe conditions might cause mortality of deer. Field staff were able to check wintering areas while the snow was present and again in the late spring. Indications are that mortality- particular ly of fawns has occurred and sportsmen can expect fewer deer and poorer hunting in the fall of 195^ in western Ontario. Caribou Estimates of caribou numbers were again made by the staff of the districts in 1955. The results are presented in table 6. TABLE 6 ESTIMATES OF VJOODLAND CARIBOU Forest District Estimated Population 1954 1955 Cochrane Kapuskasing White River Geraldton Port Arthur Sioux Lookout Patricia East Patricia Central - Sioux Lookout Patricia Central - Geraldton Patricia West - Sioux Lookout Patricia West - Kenora Total 6483* 8431 ♦Patricia East missing. 44 45 388 375 100 150 181 95 60 87 5 0 - 1415 2975 2893 525 1017 2030 2225 175 129 - 27 - Fur Management The catch of fur-bearers for 1955 - 56 for Ontario Is presented in table 7, Beaver The quality of late spring caught beaver pelts has given concern, therefore, the closing date of the season was advanced In 1956. It Is not possible to say whether this shorter season was responsible for the reduced catch In some of the northern Districts. There was little change In the overall catch for the province because some of the southern Districts made up for the deficiency In the north. The Fort Frances, Parry Sound, Lindsay, and Tweed Districts have become high producers of beaver. House counts from many Districts are indicating that beaver populations have ceased to Increase and In some cases are declining. Muskrats The catch of muskrats declined still further In the 1955-56 season. An outbreak of tularemia was reported on Walpole Island In the St. Clair River one of the most Important producing areas In the province. The presence of the tularemia organism was demonstrated In specimens sent to the Department of Health In Toronto. Mink A further reduction In the catch of mink was evident In 1955 - 56, Deep snow coming early at the height of the season may have been responsible for reducing the catch of many trappers. Marten The catch of marten was a little below that of 195^ - 55 but still remained at a high level. The live trapping and stocking programme was .continued and resulted In the release of twenty-four marten at Upper Wlndlgo Lake In Patricia West and seventeen on the Attawaplskat River In Patricia East, Fisher The catch of fisher was only slightly below that of 1954 -55 and still above any year since 1928 - 29. Fisher are continuing to spread Into the unoccupied areas of north-eastern Ontario. - 28 - J2 o oc I- (0 — o z o >- CO z q: D U a: D U. b. O 2 H g Z u 0 t- 2 s 1 u lA s o rf) < O 1 z X < % 2 ^ 1 o ^ < u. o ^ d8 S9 iiiiiiiiiirS2^~*'''''''''~''<^'~''' !* 58a888srr55=|'5£r??i§Egj|sri"sf28?§l8r^Pi=i 8^*8' g2g'*-' •=''S']g»SP''5'''8'8"'2 p a882 -arS"!: • ' ' ocM !•• — losn •— inio lllfll-*— lllll n o n ai a> o lll>lll — CM — r>(M o _— — — iiiiiiiiiiii— — ii»iii I I (M ) I I I • • - w 5 ac a: >^ 8 e « o t- in a S I 8 S 6 C85 6 3:; '3 J J _i 2 a. § o d > Si 5 : 5^ § Hiili'i'i § 1 «a 52 *-• a I ^ W PC «* a D ia s a ac k. - 29 - Experimental Trapllnes The experimental trapllnes were operated for their fifth and final year during the 1955 - 56 winter. The catch is presented in table 8. Analysis of the data from this important project is now being carried out. TABLE 8 EXPERIMENTAL TRAPLINE CATCH 1951 - 1956 Chapleau Beaver Marten Fisher Mink Otter Fox Weasel Lynx 1951 - 2 1952 - 3 1953 - ^ 195^ - 5 1955 - 6 79 7 0* 0* 41 64 67 74 25 14 I 4 1 3 15 14 10 1 4 14 8 6 3 3 4 9 7 0 1 5 13 22 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Gogama 1951 - 2 1952 - 3 1953 - ^ 1954 - 5 1955 - 6 28 6 0* 0* 24- 19 17 21 6 3 4 i 7 5 6 6 7 I 1 2 1 0 0 3 2 3 1 0 21 ^§ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 *No beaver trapping undertaken. - 30 - TABLE 9 WILD PUR SEALED DURING THE 1955-56 SEASON BY FUR MANAGEMENT DISTRICTS OF ONTARIO Beaver Plsher Lynx Marten Mink Otter Chapleau 1192 116 25 153 437 113 Cochrane 2886 176 110 518 614 151 Port Frances 6296 137 8 36 1223 145 Geraldton 2117 102 24 414 486 138 Gogama 1607 132 11 268 608 152 Kapuskaslng 6027 241 169 659 1333 230 Kenora 8651 176 16 7 i860 162 Lake Erie 9 - - ■• 737 - Lake Huron 24 •■ - «• 1696 2 Lake Slmcoe 1160 - - - 1109 28 Lindsay- 6176 92 - 10 1583 136 North Bay- 3533 53 14 6 943 119 Parry Sound 6711 148 3 92 1765 205 Patricia Central West 27152 642 278 344 7467 3189 Patricia East 5553 45 51 84 1449 933 Pembroke 3379 243 - 79 800 103 Port Arthur 4932 335 32 209 617 156 Rldeau 863 - - - 548 14 Sault Ste. Marie 2813 150 11 74 1208 181 Sioux Lookout* Sudbury 8424 138 28 1 1990 254 Swastika 1626 105 82 18 537 73 Tweed 8779 21 ■• - 1957 126 White River 2137 75 44 159 638 155 Totals 112,047 3,127 906 3,131 31,605 6,765 •Included In Patricia Central - 31 - Waterfowl The Department cooperated with the Canadian Wildlife Service, Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources, Ottawa, in waterfowl surveys and banding activities. A good flight of waterfowl visited the southern part of the Province during the open season. Upland Game Hungarian partridge were at a very low ebb in the Kemptvllle and Swastika Districts. Flocks of strong young birds were reported, and although numbers were as low as they had been in recent years hope is held out for an increase next year. The open season was greatly reduced. In the Niagara District the birds were plentiful only on the fringe of their range, and it became evident that the cyclic decline had occurred this year as well. Ruffed grouse were generally scarce but the first sign of increase was to be found in the eastern part of the Province, This year presumably marks the last part of the natural population cycle. A low survival from last year»s planting of wild turkeys was indicated by very few reports of birds seen this year. However, the planting made in 19^9 in Lambton County has expanded, and a new flock is reported some distance away from any previously seen. Bob-white quail have increased, and an experimental trapping was \indertaken in cooperation with the New York State Conservation Department. It is hoped that northern birds from native stocks in Ontario will give a hardier- strain when propagated in the New York State quail farm. This Province does not operate a quail farm but will have an opportunity of sharing the results of any success achieved with Ontario stock at the New York State farm. Pheasants were more abundant than in any recent year part of this being the result of an excellent winter survival in grain fields which could not be harvested because of "Hurricane Hazel", - 32 - Pelee Island Pheasant Shoot Licences sold - Non-Resldent Resident Total 1409 200 1609 Average bag per hunter (28,27 percent sample) Cocks 4,4 Hens 3/r Total 8.1 Cock kill - Bagged 7128 Net crippling loss II90 Illegal kill 1000 (estimated) Total 9318 Hen kill - Bagged 5969 Net crlppUng loss 315 Illegal kill 500 (estimated) Total 6784 Total kill 16102 Sex Ratios Pre-season (October 25) 1.4 hens/cock Post-season (November 9-10) 12,5 hens/cock Age ratios (October 26-27) Cocks 6.0 Juv, /Adult Hens 1,67 Juv ./Adult Population Estimates (Kelker Index) Number of birds before the hunt Number of birds after the hunt Cocks 9,882 Cocks 564 Hens 13,834 Hens 7,050 - 33 - Pelee Island Pheasants The annual census was carried out from July I3 - 28 inclusive by- means of the brood count method, as in previous years. Statistics of the brood count and the shoot on October 26 and 27 follow: Pelee Island Pheasant Estimate, July 1955 Total population surviving to October 3I - Cocks 12,500 Hens 18,500 Total 31*000 DEDUCTIONS Cocks Total Less Less 12,500 1,000 stock 11,500 500 loss and Illegal kill 11,000 actual bag available Hens total 18,500 Less 10, 000 stock 8,500 Less 3>000 loss and illegal kill 5*500 actual bag available Bag for 1100 hunters - Cocks 10 Hens 5 Bag for 1500 hunters - Cocks 7 Hens k Bag set by Pelee Island Township Council, presented to Pelee Council on August, 1955. Cocks 8 and Hens 4 Stocking of Pheasants on Pelee Island In March, 1956, approximately I85O pheasants, cocks and hens, were imported from the McParlane Pheasant Farm in Janesville, Wisconsin, The birds were banded before release by this Department. Survival studies will be carried out during the autumn open season. - 34 - Investigations of Parasitism In Pelee Island Pheasants Twenty-one fecal samples and viscera from twenty-four were examined by Doctor J. K. McGregor of the Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph; the results Indicated that the pheasant population was In a healthy condition. Hunter Success All Departmental birds released In Kent County were banded. Bag checks of 199 birds taken In the field revealed that 25^ were banded. The total number of birds released and banded Is not known since various organizations purchase and release pheasants. These are additional to the Departmental birds. Distribution of Pheasants In Lake Erie District The hatchery at Normandale distributed 9*250 poults, l8,300 chicks and 738 stock birds throughout the district. The distribution of these pheasants was as follows: Conservation Officer J. W, Allan R, Arbuthnot D. Bailey T, L, Beck T. A, Carter R, W, Pinch G. T. Greenwood B, E, Howell D, C, Martin A, Mclntyre C, R. McKeown 0, L.Melllck A, R, Muma D, Neill E, A, Roberts Chicks 0 1950 2500 200 2500 Boo 2200 600 600 300 0 3100 2950 300 500 18300 Poults 5^5 850 700 760 625 530 650 525 200 450 875 850 750 790 130 9250 - 35 - The Natural Hatch Weather during the brood season was exceptionally favourable. The anticipated good hatch was reflected in reports of hunters in the fall. Generally birds were plentiful although cocks were somewhat difficult to flush. Hunting Season For the first time the season was extended to seven days, throughout the district, October 26th to November 2nd, with a bag limit of three cocks per day. There was some apprehension to the larger season as many feared the population would be seriously reduced. However, hunting pressure was reduced throughout the entire season. Reports indicate that there was an adequate supply of cocks after the shoot and that hens were plentiful. The general feeling now favours the longer season; some recommend an extension to two weeks. In Elgin County, hunter reports indicated a cock to hen ratio of one to five. Post Season Mortality in Essex County Conservation Officer G. T. Greenwood reports that from February 1st to May 11th, 1956, at least one hundred and eighty pheasants were killed on the roads, the majority being hen birds. The mortality occurred in all townships but was particularly heavy in Sandwich West, a restricted area. In the township, Mr, Greenwood personally counted three hundred pheasants feeding in one corn field one morning during the first week in May, - 36 - Distribution of Pheasants In Lake Huron District During 1955* 7>000 pheasant poults; 300 old birds; and 10,700 day- old chicks were purchased by this district and placed In areas where the annual snowfall was light and reasonable survival could be expected. The distribution was as follows: County Township Poults Chicks Old Birds Brant Burford Dumfries South 400 200 600 500 25 25 Hal ton Nelson Esqueslng Trafalgar 200 100 300 Nil Nil 600 25 Nil 25 Huron Hay and Stanley Stephen 600 300 600 600 Nil Nil Oxford Blenheim Dereham Nlssourl East Norwich North Norwich South Oxford East Oxford North Oxford West 350 280 300 550 430 455 325 400 600 600 500 1,500 400 800 600 400 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Waterloo Wllmot 400 600 40 Wellington Pusllnch 200 400 25 Wentworth Anc aster Beverly Plamborough East Flamborough West Glanford Saltfleet 200 200 105 405 Nil 200 400 Nil 400 600 Nil Nil 10 10 10 10 10 10 Miscellaneous Gun Unregulated Areas Clubs and • 100 50 7,000 10,700 305 - 37 - Distribution of Pheasants in Lake Simcoe District The following table shows the distribution of pheasants, chicks, poults and adults by townships during the 1955 season: County York Ontario Simcoe Peel Township Markham Vaughan King Whitchurch East Gwillimbury North Gwillimbury Whitby East Whitby Pickering Scugog Island Adjala Tecumseh West Gwillimbury Adults Poults Chicks Total 60 800 860 60 800 800 1660 60 800 600 1460 60 1000 1000 206o 30 200 230 20 100 120 Total 6390 60 800 600 1460 60 1000 1100 2160 60 1000 800 i860 400 400 Total 5880 30 100 130 30 300 330 30 200 230 500 500 1190 40 1000 1200 2240 100 100 SUr/IMARY TOTAL Adults Chicks Poults 600 7,100 8,100 15,800 In addition to the above distribution by Provincial authorities, the Peel County Pheasant Farm raised and released a few thousand poults in Peel County, and 900 poults purchased by the Toronto Anglers and Hunters with the .help of Department officials were released in the townships of Markham, Whitchurch, Pickering and Uxbridge, - 38 - Distribution of Pheasants In Lindsay District County Township Adults Poults Chicks Durham Darlington 250 3500 Clarke 250 2700 Northumberland Hamilton 400 Brighton 500 Total 500 500 6600 Regulated Townships Sale of Township Licences In Lake Huron District During the year ending March 31st, I956, a survey was made of licences sold and disposition of monies collected from the sale of Regulated Township licences In each of the Regulated Townships In the Huron District. All of this information was turned over to the Regional Office with the result that meetings were held with Head Office and the three Districts in this Region. A draft letter outlining the position of the Department and the responsibilities of the regulated townships relative to the sale of township licences, was forwarded by Head Office to each township this year. We feel that this action will alleviate much of the confusion that exists in some of the regulated townships. Table 10 gives a summary of the number of rabbit and pheasant licences sold in the Lake Huron District for the fall and winter of 1955 - 56. - 39 - TABLE 10 SALE OF TOWNSHIP LICENCES IN LAKE HURON DISTRICT County- Township Resident Licences Non-Resident Licences Brant Bur ford 291 250 South Dumfries 132 302 Onondaga 35 100 Halton Nelson 406 563 Nassagaweya 56 32 Esqueslng 445 108 Trafalgar 514 364 Huron Hay and Stanley- 230 Nil Stephen 174 59 Oxford South Norwich 155 94 West Oxford 153 458 West Zorra 95 33 Blenheim 162 178 East Nlssouri 143 ^3 East Oxford 113 89 Dereham 211 131 North Norwich 156 226 North Oxford 43 312 Blandford 35 36 Waterloo Wilmot 229 391 Wellington Pusllnch 92 536 Wentworth Ancaster 225 390 Blnbrook 65 185 West Flamboro 194 808 East Flamboro 400 400 Saltfleet 533 2,393 Beverly- 98 321 Barton Nil Nil Glanford 61 129 5,457 8,931 - 40: - TABLE 11 SALE OF TOWNSHIP LICENCES IN LAKE SIMCOE DISTRICT County- Township Resident Licences Non-Resident Licences York Pickering Markham Whitchurch Vaughan King East Gwillimbury 286 400 416 352 127 400 246 1,000 220 500 93 3^8 Ontario Whitby East Whitby 171 200 Nil Nil Peel Albion Caledon Chinguacousy Toronto Toronto Gore 131 Nil 20 174 198 200 269 37 16 60 Siracoe Adjala Tecuraseth West Gwillimbury 48 100 129 122 78 108 2,448 4,001 - 41 - Sale of Township Licences In Lake Slmcoe District Of the seventeen Regulated Townships In this district all sold resident and non-resident licences during the year except the Township of Albion In Peel County which did not offer for sale any non-resident licences. (One township. East Whitby, no record.) Resident township licence fees during the open season ranged from 25^ to $3.00, those after the open season, 25^ to $3.00, Non-resident township licence fees during the open season ranged from $1.00 to $10.00, after the open season, $1.00 to $10.00, Seven townships charged conservation fees besides the normal price of the licence which is Included in the above rates. Depending on the township these conservation fees ran, 2^^, 75^ and in one township, $2,75. In connection with hunter's success, a survey was made during the open season for pheasants to determine, if possible, the number of pheasants seen and shot by hunters in certain townships. A total of 48? hunters were checked during the open season. They reported having seen 3^8 cock pheasants, 544 hen pheasants and had shot 125 cock pheasants. Of the total hxinters checked only 74 were hunting with dogs. Percentage per hunter averaged out to 0.25 birds. Sale of Township Licences in Lindsay District Regulated Township - Darlington - Durham County. Pheasant Resident Licences 263 Pheasant Non-resident Licences 526 Estimated number of pheasants killed (Data from 6O0 census cards) 429 Regulated Township - Clarke - Durham County. Pheasant Resident Licences 135 Pheasant Non^-resident Licences 82 Estimated number of pheasants killed (Data from 125 Census cards) IO3 - 42 - FISH AMD WILDLIFE DIVISION WOLF BOUNTY 1955 - 1956. Under authority of The Wolf and Bear Bounty Act, the Department pays a $25.00 bounty on a timber or brush wolf three months of age or over, and a ^15.00 bounty on a timber or brush wolf under three months of age. The Department pays the whole bounty on wolves killed in the provi- sional judicial districts, but on wolves killed in the counties, ^0% of the bounty is paid by the Department and the remaining 60^^ is paid by the res- pective county. The whole pelt of the wolf must be presented as evidence, on wolves killed in the counties and the provisional judicial district of Manltoulin. However, the whole unskinned head may be presented in lieu of the whole pelt on wolves killed in the provisional judicial districts, excepting Manltoulin, The following table shows the number and species of wolves killed and the amount of bounty paid during the past five years. PERIOD TIIABER BRUSH PUPS TOTAL BOUNTY For year ending Mar. 31, 1952 For year ending Mar. 31,1953 For year enaing Mar. 31,1954 For year ending Mar. 31,1955 For year ending Mar. 31,1956 1198 634 63 1313 739 68 1101 720 70 1075 620 41 1088 559 28 1895 $41,803.00 2120 $46,550.00 1891 $41,853.00 1736 $38,705.00 1672 $37,55JD.00 During the year under review, 1,193 claims were considered by the De- partment. Of these, 14 claims representing 7 wolves, 6 dogs ana 2 foxes were refused. Unusual snow conditions existed in some northern districts of the Pro- vince during January and February. The snov; was deep and in the absence of the usual thaws, remained fluffy. These conditions made it difficult for the wolves to move aroiind and several Instances have been reported where trappers on showshoes were able to rwn. down a pack of wolves and shoot them at close range. The following is a summary of the number of wolves killed in each of the counties and districts on which claims for bounty were received. - 43 - COUNTY TIMBER BRUSH PUPS TOTAL Bruce Carle ton Durham Elgin Essex Front enac Grey Haldimand Hastings Huron Kent Lamb ton Lanark Leeds & Grenville Lennox & Add, Middlesex Norfolk Northumberland Line oln Ontario Peterborough Prince Edward Renfrew Russell Simcoe Victoria We 11 and Wellington Wentworth York 0 1 13 2 1 9 2 13 3 4 19 8 3 3 23 6 15 2 2 7 0 1 13 1 38 1 39 6 7 6 1 2 2 1 9 2 4 15 4 20 9 6 6 23 6 16 2 2 7 0 1 14 1 51 1 3.9 6 7 6 1 2 TOTAL - 19 S37 10 266 -44 - DISTRICT TI^3ER BRUSH PUPS TOTAL Algoma Cochrane Kaliburton Kenora Manitoulin Muskoka Niplsslng Parry Sound Rainy River Sudbury Timiskaming Thunder Bay 52 77 19 388 13 7 124 55 49 101 23 161 56 4 1 34 70 9 5 5 64 43 31 108 87 20 422 83 16 129 66 117 146 23 192 TOTAL FOR DISTRICTS TOTAL FOR COUNTIES GRAND TOTAL 1069 19 1088 322 18 1409 237 10 266 559 28 1675 - 45 - FISH AND WILDLIFE DIVISION. BEAR BOUNTY 1955 - 1956. Under the provisions of The Wolf and Bear Bounty Act, a $10.00 bounty is paid on any bear 12 months of age or over, and a $5,00 bounty Is paid on any bear under 12 months of age. The bear must be killed between April 15th and November 30th in a township of which 25^ of the total area is devoted to agriculture and which is located in a district, or one of the counties, des- cribed in the Regulations. The Act also requires that the bear must be killed in defence of preservation of livestock or property by a bona fide resident of the township. The following table shows the number of bears killed and the amount of bounty paid during the past five years, including the year covered by this report, PERIOD ADULTS CUBS BOUNTY For year ending Mar. 31,1952 408 29 | 4,180,00 For year ending Mar. 31,1953 662 57 !; 6,805.00 For year ending Mar. 31,1954 947 145 ?;10,000.00 For year ending Mar, 31,1955 1126 99 :;11,590,00 For year ending Mar. 31,1956 614 50 | 6,210.00 During the year a total of 512 claims representing 614 bears and 50 cubs, were considered by the Department. 15 claims representing 17 bears eind 2 cubs, were refused for various reasons. As there have been no scientific studies conducted on bear and our bounty statistics go back only a relatively short time, we are unable to ex- plain the sharp decrease in the bear kill this year as compared with that of last year, which we believe was the peak in the bear cycle. The following table shows the number of bears killed in each county and district on which claims for bounty were received. The figures do not include however, the number of bears hunted and killed by sportsmen, on which bounty is not applicable. - 46 - County or District Bear Cubs 12 months or over Under 12 months 18 4 1 173 16 1 9 36 S> 7 5 2 4 » ' '" •; , 24 2 37 a 5 1 35 41 6 49 8 128 4 37 2 2 2 Algoma Carleton Cochrane Prontenac Hallburton Hastings Kenora Lennox & Add. Manitoulin Muskoka Nipissing Parry Sound Peterborough Rainy River Renfrew Sudbury Timiskaming Thunder Bay Victoria TOTAL - 614 50 '"i.r',';i^ l?Si«-; i.-lj tf^'.i -tft fip ■..) J: - 47 - FISH AND VaLDLIFE DIVISION. fUR FARMING 1955. The mink pelt market opened strongly In December at prices gener- ally 10^ to 15^ above the same period last year. By the end of March, it was estimated that approximately 10% of the Canadian production of ranch- raised mink was sold. European purchases, particularly from Italy, have been a strong influence in maintaining the high price structure. For the first time and under the direction of the Marketing Board of Canada Mink Breeders, a successful series of sponsored sales were held at four Canadian auction companies. The mutation pelts carried the EMBA tags and Dark Mink were sold under the label 'Magnificent "Majestic" Canada Dark Mink'. It is interesting to note that pelts sold on these sponsored sales brought from 10^ to 20^ more than similar quality pelts on independent sales. Canada Mink Breeders held their Annual Meeting for the first time in Toronto in July of this year. This afforded the ranchers of Ontario a convenient opportunity to attend the meetings and see, at first hand, their Association at work on their behalf. Virus Enteritis which has been present in the Province for the past seven or eight years in varying degrees of virulence, broke out in the St. Marys area this year for the first time. Some seventeen mink ranches were affected. About 1,200 deaths were attributed to this disease. F\ir- ther research has been undertaken at the Ontario Veterinary College and preparations have been made for a mass inoculation of all the affected ranches. There was a total of 533 Licences issued in 1955. 476 were re- newals, 53 were new and 4 Licences were issued with retroactive provisions to legalize the operations of the ranch during the previous year. This re- presents a net decrease of 18 ranches, compared to the previous year. The following table shows the number and location by county or district of licensed fur farms for 1955. - 4^ - County or District Number Algoma 3 Braiit 6 Bruce 25 Carleton 3 Cochrane 1 Dufferin 2 Durham 5 Elgin 9 Essex 12 Front enac 5 Glengarry 1 Grenvllle _^^ 1 Grey ^ " 28 Haldlmand 11 Ha It on 19 Hastings 1 Huron 14 Kenora 9 Kent 14 Lamb ton '' " 6 Lanark 10 Leeds. 3 Lennox & Add. 1 Lincoln 18 Manltoulin 8 Muskoka 3 Middlesex 19 Nlplsslng 3 Norfolk 3 Northumberland 4 Ontario 12; Oxford 17 Parry Sound 11 Peel 11 Perth 41 Peterborough 2 Rainy River 8 Renfrew 8 Slmcoe 30 Sudbury 1 Tiraiskaming 1 Thunder Bay 23 Victoria 3 Waterloo 21 Well and 5 Wellington 18 Wentworth 28 York 42 TOTAL - 529 - 49 - SUMMARY OP BREEDING STOCK Licensed Pur Parms January Ist. 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 OTHER ANIMALS Beaver (Pens) Beaver (S.C. ) Pisher Marten Muskrat ( Pens ) Muskrat (S.C.) Raccoon Skunk 16 6 21 35 4 95 46 6 8 8 13 36 a 190 47 2 3 12 10 54 6 258 68 0 0 26 9 62 a 705 57 • 0 0 16 11 70 a 80 47 0 POX Blue 200 75 Cross 2 1 Red 11 6 Standard Silver 2813 1567 Platinum 559 2:67 Pearl Platinum 449 349 White Marked 225 110 56 1 1 760 159 a94 50 68 1 3 583 136 230 26 70 1 4 456 136 251 16 MINK Standard & dark half-blood Silverblu Pastel Other Mink #73034 40691 27727 22315 21693 15798 17710 a0443 21053 12381 16926 22869 29100 4665 7797 9713 13486 # Breakdown for Mink not available for 1951. - 50 - REVENUE RECEIVED FROM EXPORT PERMITS JULY 1st, 1955 to JUNE 30th, 1956. Total amount Total amount of pelts of revenue Beaver 112,663 112,663.00 Fisher 3,226 3,226.00 Cross fox 129 1.50 Red fox 15,454 4.20 Fox (silver. black or blue) 24 .40 Fox (white) 34 25.50 Fo:? (not specified) 2 Lynx ^90 133.50 Marten 3,096 3,096.00 Mink 29,902 29,902.00 Muskrat 376,331 37,633.10 Otter 6,9^0 a,725.00 Raccoon 23,43a .70 Skunk 979 Weasel 30,875 1,543.75 Wolverine 4 TOTAL REVENUE 1.60 $ 196,956.25 - 51 - REVENUE RECEIVED FROM TANNERS PERMITS JULY 1st, 1955 to JUNE 30th, 1956. Total amount of pelts Total amount of revenue Beaver 537 537.00 Fisher 14 14.00 Fox (cross) 25 1.20 Fox (red) 622 7.50 Fox (silver. black or blue) 4 - Fox (white) 20 15.00 Fox (not specified) - - Lynx 26 4.20 Marten 43 43.00 Mink 3,052 3,052.00 Muskrat 170,135 17,013.50 Otter 52 65.00 Raccoon 7,^53 6.40 Skimk 53 .95 Weasel 67 4.35 Wolverine 1 TOTAL REVENUE .40 $ 20,766.50 - 52 - STATEMENT OF WILD PELTS EXPORTED OR TANNED SHOWING NUMBER AND VALUE OF PELTS AND ROYALTY RECEIVED FROM JULY 1st, 1955 to JUNE 30th, 1956. Pelts Exported Pelts Tanned Total Pelts Value of Pelts Beaver 112,663 537 113,200 1,366,700.00 Fisher 3,226 14 3,240 73,062.00 Fox (cross) 129 25 154 207.90 Fox (red) 15,454 622 16,076 6,036.00 Fox (silver, black or blue) 24 4 26 112.00 Fox (white) 34 20 54 243.00 Fox (not specified) 2 - 2 1.00 Lynx 690 26 916 4,222.60 Marten 3,096 43 3,139 23,226.60 Mink 29,902 3,052 32,954 616,239.60 Muskrat 376,331 170,135 546,466 595,647.94 Otter 6,960 52 7,032 164,236.40 Raccoon 23,466 7,656 31,346 66,961.20 Skimk 979 53 1,032 670.60 Weasel 30,675 67 30,962 27,665.60 Wolverine 4 604,077 1 5 766,606 62.50 162,531 2,969,521.74 Revenue received from Export Permits 196,956.25 Revenue received from Tanner's Permits - 20,766.50 TOTAL REVENUE 1 217,722.75 - 53 - STATEMENT OF RANCH RAISED PELTS EXPORTED OR TANNED SHOWING NUMBER AND VALUE OF PELTS FROM JULY 1st, 1955 to JUNE 30th, 1956. Fox (silver, black or blue) Mink Exported Tanned Total pelts 1,262 171,723 Value of pelts 1,233 163,717 29 6,006 6,203.00 4,121,352.00 164,950 6,035 172,965 $ 4,129.555.00 - 54 - TOURIST OUTFITTERS With the exception of Tourist Establishments operated exclusively for transient tourists and the travelling public, most cumps and resorts catering to the tourist trade outfit patrons in some form or another for fishing or hunting or camping. In that part of the Province lying North and West of the Canadian National Railway line from Parry Sound easterly to Pembroke, such a business is designated in Section 21 of the Game and Fisheries Act as a Tourist Out- fitters' Camp, subject to regulation and control by a system of licencing in accordance with the Departmental Land Use and Recreational Zoning Plan, General prosperity continued to create a constant although seasonal demand for accommodation which encouraged some further expansion in the industry; Although the net annual gain of licenced camps was only just over 1% there were ^3 new camps completed and licenced during the year, while 34- authorized camps were either closed temporarily for repairs and reorganization or converted to private or other purposes. Tourist Outfitters' Franchise. Applications: Received or under consideration Granted Refused, Withdrawn or Pending 19 26 105 105 105 Recapitulation: Permits in force April 1, 1955 Issued during the year Camps completed and licenced Authorities lapsed or surrendered Potential camps at March 31, 19^6 ■■•w^ «.•..»,- --» ■',.-- 155 79 33 15 166 254 254 - 55 - Annual Tourist Outfitters^ Camp Licences ISSUED DISTRICT Resident Fee $10.00 Algoma 161 Cochrane 28 Kenora 287 Manitoulin 97 Nipissing 201 Parry Sound 289 Rainy River 52 Sudbury 132 Temiskaming 41 Thunder Bay 66 Renfrew County 235 1377 Non-Resident Total Fee ;%25.00 34 195 1 29 109 396 12 109 17 218 24 313 15 67 18 150 8 49 10 76 2 25 250 1627 Yearly Summary By Districts. DISTRICT 193 AmoiiA 66 COCHRA^IE 0 KENORA 85 yj\NITOULIN 32 NIPISSINCr 79 PARRY SOUND 74 RAINY RIVER 27 RENFREW COUNTY 7 SUDBURY 38 TEMISKAMING 0 THUNDER BAY 19 1941 1946 1951 1932 1953 1934 1933 92 120 203 200 200 202 193 7 11 26 27 26 34 29 160 201 380 393 396 409 396 36 73 94 100 110 103 109 93 120 221 217 216 226 218 109 164 261 280 291 304 313 37 33 52 32 35 33 67 14 13 24 24 24 20 23 39 78 129 128 126 137 130 6 12 46 30 49 47 49 32 27 64 70 76 71 76 TOTAL 427 665 836 1500 1343 1369 1608 1627 - 56 - GAME FISH SECTION With the ever-Increasing growth in the population of the Province, which is reported to be 5,l80,000 an increase of l,l80,000 since 19^5, and the growing interest in the utilization of the fishery resource as is demonstrated by the increase sale of non-resident fishing licenses from 126,36? in 1945 to 377,220 in 1955, it is evident that Ontario's game fish fishery is an industry of major importance, socially and economically. The management of this resource is administered by a field staff of trained personnel operating in twenty-two forest districts of the Province. Eighteen biologists are permenently employed to study and investigate existing problems relative to the management of the fish and wildlife resource. The game fish management operations undertaken in 1955 were in many respects similar to the general programme of recent years. Twenty-five hatcheries and rearing stations v;ere operated during the year for the production of game and commercial fish species for intro- duction and re-stocking of suitable public waters. Lake and stream inventory studies were continued for the assessment of water quality, and evaluations and analyses were made on the composition, age and growth rates of the fish populations. - Two relatively important changes were made in the Fishery Regulations during the current year as a result of investigations conducted on pickerel and rainbow trout waters. Other significant operations undertaken during the year in- cluded, fish tagging and census studies. Netting operations were conducted for the harvest of bass from overpopulated waters and the removal of coarse fish species. A number of mechanical trap weirs were also operated for the sampling and trapping of sea lamprey. In addition to these projects which are described in greater detail later in this report, the Department also undertook to provide considerable assistance to private individuals and organized associations - 57 - in the reclamation of a number of lakes by poisoning and the development and management of farm fish ponds, particularly in the South Western Region of Ontario, HATCHERIES The fish cultural programme was carried out this year by twenty-five Provincial hatcheries and rearing stations. One trout rearing station, located at Waring *s Creek (Qlenora), was closed due to the deterioration of the water supply. The Sault Ste. Marie trout rearing station which was closed for renovation in September, 1953, was re-opened when the initial transfer of 100,000 speckled trout fingerlings was made from the Hills Lake rearing station at Charlton, Preliminary planning was started on a major renovating programme for the Chatsworth rearing station. However, the fish cultural operations will be continued, at least in part, through much of the construction period which is expected to commence in 1956, In addition to these major projects, improvements of con- siderable importance were made at the V/iarton, Port Arthur, Glenora and l\lhite Lake stations. Production and Distribution The fish cultural programme was altered somewhat this year and the number of hatchery fish produced for distribution was reduced appreciably from previous operations See Table 1, included as Appendix 1) The major contributing factor to the decrease in the overall production was the abandoning of the pickerel operations at the Glenora hatchery and the generally poor season for the collection of spawn at other pickerel stations. The harvest of lake trout spawn continued at a low level in the fall of 1954 as a result of the decrease in the lake trout population in Lake Superior. Another contributing factor, although not particularly evident in the distribution figures, is the present trend to produce fewer, larger size fish for re-stocking purposes. This practice will reduce considerably the number of fish that can be pro- duced. - 58 - Exotic and Hybrid Species (a) Pacific Chum Salmon This year approximately 1,000,000 chum salmon eyed eggs were secured from the Fisheries Department of the State of V/ashlngton In November, 195^, and cultured at the Port Arthur hatchery prior to sub- sequent transfer and planting in the eyed egg stage In the Mlshamattawa and the Wlnlsk Rivers of the Hudson Bay drainage and. In the finger ling stage. In the Attawaplskat River of the James Bay watershed. The eyed egg plantings were made In mid- January. The stock was planted in artificial gravel redds through large holes cut through ice. Both plantings of approximately 211,500 eggs each were com- pleted without mishap and sample lots, examined eighteen days after planting, showed the stock to be in excellent condition and to be develop- ing normally. The fingerling transfer and planting was completed in four trips using the Department's Otter aircraft fitted with four aircraft fish tanks and dropping equipment. The transfers were made during the latter part of May and early June and the entire stock, of approximately ^49,550 fish, were dropped from the air at two sites on the Attawaplskat River. No positive check on the survival of this stock was possible at the time of planting. However, close examination of the waters during and after each planting showed that the fish did disperse and disappear into deeper water immediately on landing. The conclusion of this experiment will not be known before the fall of 1957 at the earliest when the first of the adult chum salmon may be expected to return to the stream in which they were planted. However, the salt water phase of the life cycle of the chum salmon is not specifically defined and the period of development to maturity, in its natural environment, may extend from three to five years or more. Furthermore, the behaviour of the fish Introduced to the more frigid environment of Hudson and James Bay, is unknown, and, can only be deter- mined if and when the experiment is successfully completed and the fish are found on their return to freshwater to spawn. - 59 - (b) Pink Salmon This fall a second step was taken towards the experimental Intro- duction of Pacific salmon to Northern Ontario waters. Arrangements were made through the co-operation of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada and the Department of Fisheries at Ottawa to collect pink salmon eggs from the. Skeena River run in British Columbia for transfer to Ontario, The Inter- national Salmon Commission also assisted in the procurement of this stock by providing the facilities at their Horsefly Lake hatchery for the care and incubation of the eggs to the eyed stage, prior to their transfer to the Port Arthur hatchery in November, The consignment of approximately 787*000 eyed eggs was received in Ontario in excellent condition. The stock was cultured at the Port Arthur hatchery for subsequent transfer and planting in the eyed egg and fingerling stages in Goose Creek, a tributary to Hudson Bay, The pink salmon is noted particularly for its keen homing instinct and its consistent behaviour of maturing and returning to spawn in a two year cycle. Both characteristics will be of particular value in the assessment of the results of this Introduction, (c) Splake The culture and planting of the hybrid splake, produced by the cross-breeding of female lake trout with male speckled trout, was continued and further developed this year on an experimental basis. The stock, which was collected in the fall of 1954 from an experimental lot of first gener- ation hybrids at the Dorlon trout rearing station was transferred to the Hill Lake trout rearing station in the eyed egg stage for further experi- mentation. The distribution and planting of yearling hybrid stock this year was made from the Codrington and VJhite Lake hatcheries. The waters stocked, their location and the number of fish planted were as follows: (Yearlings) VJaters County Township Planting Opeongo Lake Nipissing Jones -Dickens 4,000 Redrock Lake Nipissing Bower 4,000 McGee Lake Peterborough Burleigh 1,200 V Lake Hastings Mayo 1,200 Romes Pond Northumberland Brighton 50 - 60 - Nutritional Studies The experimental feeding studies initiated at the Dorlon ^rout rearing station, in 195^ were continued. The experiment Involving the use of feeding charts and the feeding of prescribed amounts of food on the basis of the size and weight of the fish, and the mean water temperature, was further expanded this year to include the experimental use and assessment of a pelleted type food as a substitute for the regular mixed diet. Initial results from the study have been very favourable. Fish fed on the pelleted food at a 50 to 6o percent level of the prescribed chart rate have been found to have a greater rate of growth at less cost per pound of fish produced than fish fed on the regular mixed diet. The use of pelleted food greatly reduces the amount of time normally required in preparation and the feeding of a mixed diet and no refrigeration is necessary for storage. Pish fed on the pelleted food were also found to be of a more uniform size, requiring less sorting of the stock. The amount of cleaning required in the maintenance of the hatchery ponds is reduced considerably vjlth the elimination of the ground meat in the mixed diet which tends to pollute the ponds and collect on the screens at the outlet of the raceways and ponds. Although the current study is still in the experimental stage the use of the pelleted type food would seem to be a valuable innovation to the fish cultural methods presently employed by the Department. The experiment will be continued in 1956 and. If the current results are maintained and the diet is proven to be nutritionally adequate, the pelleted type food will be introduced for use at all the fish rearing stations in Ontario. REGUIATIONS Two major changes were made in the Ontario Fishery Regulations during the year. The size limit on yellow pickerel taken by angling was rescinded, and a fall season was provided for the taking of rainbow trout in the Lower Great Lakes, a number of tributary waters, and Lake Simcoe. Both amendments were based on the results of intensive investigations and the recommendations of the Department's field staff. The results from numerous lake surveys and age and growth studies carried out on existing pickerel populations scattered throughout the Province demonstrated the general abundance of the species and the overcrowded and stunted condition - 61 - of the fish in some vjaters which was resulting in a lowering of the overall growth rate and production of the species in a number of areas » Therefore, to alleviate the problem of harvesting undersize fish and to realize some of the potential production of the species, the size limit on pickerel was revoked. The extension of the open season for the taking of rainbow trout was introduced to facilitate a more liberal harvest of this species. The rainbow trout (steelhead) commonly migrate from the lake habitat to suitable tributary streams in the fall, winter and early spring, prior to spawning in April or May. The species is commonly taken by the angler during the fall migration. The extended open season therefore provides for a more liberal harvest of this prized game fish species, which is seldom taken at other times. FIELD MANAGEMENT PROJECTS Lake and Stream Surveys Basic information on the physical, chemical and biological con- dition of waters is a prerequisite to any sound management programme. For this reason, much of the field work undertaken by the Department continues to be directed to this and related phases of study. Marking and Census Studies An important adjunct to any lake and stream survey is the marking and tagging of fish, and the creel census study. Both of these studies are frequently included with the survey operations and provide valuable data on the composition, distribution and abundance of the fish populations which are of paramount importance in the management of a fishery. Excellent progress in this work is reported from a number of districts, particularly in Central and North Western Ontario, Bass Harvesting Bass harvesting operations were undertaken on fifteen lakes in the forest districts of Tweed, Quinte, Pembroke, Parry Sound, Swastika and Cochrane , The operations were conducted on lakes which, on examination, were found to be supporting an over-population of bass, \Vhen a bass popu- lation becomes out of balance with the carrying capacity of the waters - 62 - stunting often occurs, usually as a result of over-crowding and/or an Inadequate food supply to support the normal growth of the fish. This unsatisfactory condition is alleviated by reducing the population by means of netting operations. The name and location of the waters harvested and the number of fish removed from each is shown in Table 2. TABLE II Bass Harvest Operations - 1955 NAME OF VIATERS DISTRICT NO. BASS REMOVED Big Cedar Lake Front enac 1,335 Lake Charlotte Renfrew 2,566 Clement Lake Hallburton 302 Elexo Lake Cochrane 195 Green Lake Renfrew 2,945 Little Gull Lake Frontenac 1,790 Island Lake Renfrew 2,314 Leech Lake Parry Sound 90 Long Lake Frontenac 5,433 Lovells Lake Cochrane 65 Moore Lake Renfrew 3,380 Nogies Creek Peterborough 1,844 Ottlsse Lake Tlmiskamlng 617 Thirty Island Lake Lennox and Addlngton 3,753 Wileys Lake Hallburton 1,262 27,891 The bass harvested were transferred and planted in the following waters. Cochrane District - MacDonald Lake, Poole «s ii^ke, Ice Chest Lake , Wilson Lake; Frontenac County - Leggate Lake, Nor can Lake; Hallburton County - Big Gull Lake, Bob Lake, Coleman Lake, Dark Lake, - 63 - Davis Lake, Deer Lake, Drag Lake, Elephant Lake, Grace Lake, Hall's Lake, Koshlong Lake, Moore Lake, Paudash Lake, South Lake; Hastings County - Baptiste Lake, Kammlnlskeg Lake, Paudash Lake; Lennox and Addlngton County - Buckshot Lake, Cedar Lake, Mazlnaw Lake, McEvoy Lake, Pringle Lake, Skootamatta Lake; Parry Sound District - Deer Lake, Eagle Lake, Wah-V/ash-Kesh Lake; Peterborough County - Jack's Lake, Lovesick Lake, Pigeon Lake, Stoney Lake; Renfrew County - Barry Bay (Madawaska River), Blackfish Bay (Madawaska River), Bonnechere River, Calabogle Lake, Carson Lake, Clear Lake, Kamaniskeg Lake, LaPleur»s Bay, McFee Bay (Madawaska River), Madawaska River, Paugh Lake, Stevenson's Lake, Trout Lake, Wadsworth Lake, White Lake, Whitefish Lake; Simcoe County - Severn Lake, Tea Lake; Timiskaming District - Barber-Larder Lake, Long Lake, Long Point Lake, Mistinlkon Lake, Wendigo Lake; Victoria County - Sturgeon Lake, Coarse Fish Removal Periodically, investigations of important game fish waters show that the waters contain excessive numbers of various coarse fish species such as carp, suckers, sunfish, rock bass and ling which ad- versely affect the production of more desirable game fish species. To alleviate this problem the Department has in recent years under- taken to remove undesirable species by short term netting operations. In 1955* netting operations were conducted in a number of areas for the removal of ling. The waters netted and the number of fish taken are described in Table 3. - 64 - TABLE III Ling Removal Operations - 1955 FORESTRY DISTRICT NAME OF liATERS NUMBER TAKEN RIDEAU PEMBROKE LAKE SIMCOE Charleston Lake 3,361 Otter Lake 640 Otty Lake 629 Sand Lake 40 Wolfe Lake 297 Madawaska River (Bells Rapids) Talbot River Whitefish River Sutton River Pefferlaw River .^2§. 470 71 517 622 5,067 598 1,680 7,3^5 Four additional projects were undertaken for the renioval of excessive numbers of coarse fish. These operations were conducted in conjunction with more intensive management studies carried out on Papineau Lake, Hastings County; Leggate Lake, Front enac County; Lake Scugog, Ontario, Victoria and Durham Counties; and the Trent River in Northumber- land county. Sea Lamprey Control In 1955 the Department co-operated with the Federal-Provincial Research Committee on the sea lamprey control programme initiated on Lake Superior . Personnel from the Sault Ste. Marie District undertook the supervision of the installation of the electrical barrier on the Thessalon River where mechanical trap weirs were used by the Department in previous years. Four mechanical trap weirs were also operated this year on tributary streams flowing into Lake Huron, the North Channel, and Lake - 65 - Ontario waters. The detailed results from these operations are described In Table 4. TABLE IV Sea Lamprey Catch In 1955 NAME OP STREAM LOCATION NO. OP LAMPREYS CAUGHT Mllford Haven Creek Saugeen River Beaver River Bronte Creek (12 Mile Creek) Saugeen River (Denny's Bridge) North Channel (Algoma District) 375 Lake Huron (Bruce County) ^,687 Georgian Bay (Grey County) 1,-464 Lake Ontario (Ha it on County) 3,153 Lake Huron (Bruce County) 3,630 13,309 Following the ratification of an International treaty between Canada and United States the Great Lakes Fisheries Commission was es- tablished with the appointment of six commissioners, three of whom were representatives from each country. - 66 - lA 8881 oino o coco o o o lA g ocoin OHO vo o •» •» % % % «» •k % OJcoro O cvjcu f-l 00 00^ 1 1 1 o\ CM CO OIIA 1 1 1 CO- 88 rHO iHlA « 1 t- 1 • CO 80 0-3- QUDO oo row oo S CO iHOO J* ON 9 9 in ON o in u c O (4 •P CO a «H CO in ON cvj in ON rri in ON oinov SONiH OON CVJt- t^CVl OOiJ- in o o OO OCO ooin b- o o OO OVO OCMVO ri o t- OO oin •»•>•» •> •« •> ^ ^ •> ocvico rH H Oh- O ON ojinH 1 1 OrH in CO CQjf 1 1 ONt- in o o ^<^ 5 CI OOON OOCO oinH OCVIVD OCVI^ OCVit- •» •» % •»•»•» OOOiH ocot- CO CVJ CMCUH 11 11 COCO t-VO II II O O CVJ oinoo oinvo OVO CO O^ON inoNvo •» % •*•»•» ■It t- inoo H II II 1 ^cn in coco II II 1 I rt OOH o ino int-vo ooo o inH OCVJCJN •» •» •»«»•» in.=t OOH in CVJ CO COOH 1 1 0\^ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 CO OVO CO OVO.=f O CTnH •» % OCVI .=t.=f CVJ ot-vo o in in O CVJ H •» •» OCVJ invo b- •» CO oo O ON •» % OH VOCVJ I CO I CM I I I I O in CM •=t CM I OO OO OO 88 CM CM O O O in I b- I ON o Ol vo in CM CM I I I I S? o H •p H Xi H d ■P d •o ;i ■o < Q < •o a •o C H c boot i bOa5 Sg CO rH M H C U -H •» J^ -H fefeX . fefa>< •3 I CO bO c •» n •» •» •» n "v »»•>•» 1 coo\ 1 O 1 O CO OJ fOOJ CO H r-l 1 CVJ^ 1 iH 1 OoO 00 CVlrH^ ^-=r riCM VO CVJ CVJ Ol oo oo\ CVJr^ o o o in o o^ o o o o o in o incTv •\ ■* •4 •» •« •> 1 C-CVJ 1 r-l O t- 1 O t- 1 cy o CM I I I I O O in •» •^ I I CVI I I oo o o O H •\ •» (MOO I 0\0 I t-i O O O •> CVJ I I I I I I I I I I oo in-:r •» •» t>-o I O^ I O O o in o PO I f-« CO I I t- I VO o o in O i-i t^ O CVJ t^ •k •» "t o^o^o co^ CVJ iHCO o o in oo o OS H ■p a> o o cvj^- o o oo-:r o inoo-:r O O O O O O O o o •» •» •\ n O rH iHVO in^ 0\r-i 00 crv ino c>- vo in vo rS CJ> CVI •i •»•<•» iH t>-CVJ VO O rH vo 00 cvj oo o ooo m mm o m^ o\ ^-o\ ooo l>-CVJ •> •> •»•«•»•> 1 m^ 1 1 o mm-^ 1 O r-* 1 1 cvjvo m VD^ t^rH o Ol o o mm oo mo o o O rHVO o a\ OOiHVO 00 o o ^- OH 00 o>cy\ •V •»•>•> •^ ^ •>•»•» 1 1 t- 1 o mi-i mrH 1 CVJ o oo 1 1 1 O 1 moo c- cu 1 ^ mrH 1-1 CVJ Oir-I c^cvJ oo o mo o mcvj m^-o I vo O Ov I oocvjH mt>- OJ 8§ o oor^ O ooo o ooc- O o moo t^O\ vo OVOVO m CTkOOCVJ •k •» •» •> •» n •» •>•»•> • 1 III CVJ^ 1 1 1 ^ 1 mvo oo a\ 1 1 -srr-oj 1 i III CO m 1 1 1 OO 1 c^^ oo 1 1 JirOO rH CVJ t-i-l rH CJ\0 oo s CO •H U 0) •« bO-H O n bpt4 H C «5 13 ca ca > 0) 1-4 +i i ^U r-i ^ C CO 3 •H 0) 13 o o s faOH Q) -O ■§ O Eh •P EH bO O tH U) XJ H ri •H 0) H (d U) ^ •H 0) •P o r-H O 0) CO fciO c aj ■p 3 EH C N •ri hp^ rH fioa 0) rH rH o o o o o o mo vo r-i vo CVJ •» "l CVJ 5 •H bO ?^ <^ W P^ 0) ■p o • 03 h •H OS (;-4 (D CO ^1 C cd o XJ C TJ 0) ■H ■P a CO rH o< •P o (4 •P CO O O rH s O 0) -P 4J ? c O H •C3 ;3 rH 0) o n c rH U <1> C F4 •H CO mm mm o^o^ mm CJNO\ rH rH u u o o 09 0] O (D ^ U) •H tH P:iPe4 s CVJ - 68 - THE COMMERCIAL FISHING INDUSTRY The commercial fishermen of Ontario landed a near record catch of fish during the year 1955- The catch of 45,636,375 pounds was Just two million pounds below the highest recorded landing, that of 1954, and nearly a million pounds greater thsm in 1953. For the ten year period 1946-1955 the average annual landing was thirty-six million pounds and for the five year period I95I-I955 the average annual landing was over forty-one million pounds. The 1955 catch exceeded these averages by over nine million pounds and over four million pounds respectively. The average price per pound, based on all reported landed fish, was 14.9 cents. This average price shows only a slight increase over the 1954 average of 14.7 cents, but is 2.5 cents below the average for the five year period 1951 to 1955 and is much below the highest average price for that period (22.7 cents in 1951). The fifth of a cent increase over the 1954 price is dependent upon better average prices received for perch, whitefish and white bass, counterbalauiced by lower values in both yellow pickerel and blue pickerel. The industry received $230,000. less in the year 1955 for the catch than in the year previous and, at the same time, the total value of the equipment increased by Fifty Thousand Dollars. Ontario fishermen showed continuing interest in improvement of quality of fishery products. The trend toward quick frozen packages of fish products followed generally the chemges in marketing observed in other food products. Marketing of fish in a ready cleaned and dressed, or filleted condition, usually fast frozen, and in a size of package most acceptable to the individual retail purchaser, is most apparent in species where very high production and consequent lower price exists. Perch, white bass and blue pickerel are notable examples. Whitefish and lake trout, as well as yellow pickerel to a certain extent, are usually sold fresh and in the round, and in this condition command comparatively high prices on the export mairket. This is especially true of those periods of the year when religious fast days cause prices of fish to rise greatly. These - 69 - species can well be considered as high quality luxury products. The rapid and wide fluctuation from year to year In production of several species makes It difficult for the Industry to maintain a good market price. Deterioration In quality during lengthy storage conditions prevents the fishery from holding supplies for a sufficiently long period to even out the periods of low production. Research carried out by the Department, as well as by lndusti»y Itself, Is seeking techniques for providing more constant supply of fish. One of the Interesting aspects of this research Is the attempt to find methods of harvesting smelt on a year round basis rather than taking almost all of the year's production during the spring fishing. The use of cotton and linen for glll-nettlng has been almost wholly discontinued. Nylon and other similar synthetic fibres are being used to a greater extent for side lines to nets and In trap-net and pound-net manufacture. It seems probable that the greater efficiency of "nylon" as a gill-net material has contributed significantly to the marked Increase In total catch during the past ten year period. On March 22nd, 1955 the fishery experienced one of the most severe storms In Its history. Very great damage was Inflicted by waves and currents both to shore Installations and to set nets In Lake Erie and Lake St, Clair, Most unfortunate was the death by drowning of one fisherman who was swept off his boat during the storm. Five boats were lost or very severely damaged In the storm and only the extraordinary endurance and skill of the fishery boat crews and captains prevented very much greater loss of life and equipment. Loss of nets was made greater because the storm occurred during a period when cold water conditions, as well as very high market prices, had encouraged the fishermen to set a large percentage of their nets. Damage and loss of equipment and loss of fish was estimated at well over one million dollars. Rapid recovery of the Industry was accomplished during the year, being assisted by a high production of fish in Lake Erie, Employment within the industry continued to be quite stable. The number of persons engaged in fishing was reduced by 174 to 3,^83 men. This - 70 - total does not include personnel engaged In packing, filleting or other shore operators, so that the total number earning their living In the commercial fishery was considerably greater. Increases in the number of licences issued during the year was due largely to an increased interest in bait -fish. Over one hundred and fifty additional bait-fish licences were issued in 1955. This increase was due also to the introduction of bait-fish dealer's licences, which permit the purchase and re -sale of the live fish. In Leike Erie a sharp increase in both blue pickerel and yellow pickerel production occurred during the year. One-third of the entire com- mercial fish production of the province consisted of pickerel from this lake. The production in Lake Erie was up over the year previous by one and one -third million pounds, even though there was a noticeable reduction in perch and white bass landings. Production in Lake Ontario also was up slightly for the year but with these two exceptions all the other fishing regions showed decreased landings. Georgian Bay whlteflah continued the downward trend to a more nearly average production of Just over one and one -half million pounds. The fisheries in Lake St. Clair, Lake Huron and North Channel all show decreases in catch. The production of Lake Superior trout dropped off somewhat under the continuing attack of the sea lamprey. The fishery in this lake is looking to the united research and lamprey control measures of the Province of Ontario, Canada and the United States to eventually reduce the parasite and so allow the lake trout population to be built up again. Production of goldeyes in the interesting, almost wholly Indian fishery in the northern part of the Province, was drastically reduced, largely due to the poor market conditions which prevailed for this species. - 71 - COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OP THE YIELD OP THE PISHERIES IN THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO, BY SPECIES , IN POUNDS SPECIES 195^ 1955 INCREASE DECREASE Bullheads 836,6if3 823,603 13,040 Carp 1,427,787 1,317,931 109,856 Catfish 331,787 285,438 46,349 Caviar 2,144 2,929 785 Dogfish; Alewlves & Gar Pike 100,568 82,608 17,960 Eels 80,115 70,836 9,279 Gold Eyes 87,076 5,506 81,570 Herring 1,37^,917 935,567 439,350 Ling 426,228 505,701 79,1^73 Menominee 12,703 17,587 4,884 Perch 8,202,567 5,180,676 3,021,891 Pickerel, Blue 8,209,830 12,070,406 3,860,576 Pickerel, Yellow 5,195,933 6,883,415 1,687,482 Pike 1,148,116 913,418 234,698 Rock Bass; Grapples 65,871 61,153 4,718 Saugers 212,399 167,826 44,573 Sheepshead 853,494 840,014 13,480 Smelt 1,549,923 2,327,976 778,053 Sturgeon 171,843 159,996 11,847 Suckers 1,484,694 1,395,196 89,498 Sunflsh 376,426 369,651 6,775 Trout, Lake 1,561,922 1,189,543 372,379 Tulllbee 920,042 988,361 68,319 White Bass 6,202,235 4,589,014 1,613,221 Whlteflsh 6,843,640 47,678,903 4,452,024 45,636,375 2,391,616 TOTAL 6,l;79,572 8,522,100 NET DECREASE 2,042,528 - 72 - COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OP THE YIELD OF THE FISHERIES IN THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO, BY LAKE, IN POUNDS LAKE Ontario Erie St. Clair Huron Georglsm Bay North Channel Superior Northern Inland Southern Inland TOTALS 125i 1,91^,153 28,912,056 1,020,590 1,^63,394 4,291,881 394,626 2,890,194 6,080,193 711,816 47,678,903 125^ 1,943,123 30,285,209 822,491 1,261,863 2,297,879 243,580 2,540,355 5,626,996 614,879 45,636,375 INCREASE 28,970 1,373,153 DECREASE 1,402,123 198,099 201,531 1,994,002 151,046 349,839 453,197 96,937 3,444,651 Net Decrease 2,042,528 - 7.3 - COMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF THE NUMBER OF COMMERCIAL FISHING LICENCES ISSUED TYPE OF LICENCE QUI Net Pound & Trap Nets Hoop Nets Coarse Fish Seines Baited Hooks Dip Nets Trolling Trammel Nets Minnow Seines, Dip Nets, and Traps for Taking Minnows for Sale to Anglers Bait -Fish Dealers TOTALS Net Increase 195^ i??5 INCREASE 1,045 1,066 21 185 182 293 285 168 189 21 202 189 32 33 1 26 28 2 1 1 „ 1,248 1,374 126 - 32 3,379 32 3,200 203 179 DECREASE 13 24 - 74 - CM « tn •-• * J» r- (M h- r- in oo 00 i-i >-t vO r-t CO M ^ 5S » ^ CM VO s « % oo « a\ CM CM h- m t~ IT* r-t 0O f4 h- CO fo iT* <0 I-) O ri CM cn 9 8 fh CM m VO vTt CM VO g g ?? VO * VO CM CM S ^ * CM CO VO iH iH * >o r^ (O iH m cn VO 00 S o 00 1-4 s m CO 5^ UN ro c^ ■-• O CJv <*^ vp ♦ ITV W i-l r^ 00 O r^ t^ <3 VO VO « vp "H « ■» iTv Ov CTv ITV r-l CM IH W CTv CTv VO c^ CM CO CM VO VO iH f-t o Ki vo « vp m O CM ■* m CO Ov CM m O VO % % ■* ir\ <7\ m in o l^ 0\ VO •H m * vo •* •H as in CM CM f^ ro in 0^ ro « in m ov •H 00 00 - OO in i-t vO (Ti CO VO g CO 8 VO § VO (TV CO rH <-< o CTv (Jv CD VO VO CO SI O VO CO ov in •*• O 00 CM r-( * O) H 00 i-i as >-• Bk 3| K (OX O] M D < M U ~4 M H >^ M k.4 < 3 t< H J ►-• M M a > as s M < - 75 - 1^ ^ h-i w -« if* rH ON 03 3 • C rH • i-t O O (« O « X E-.> a: > CVJ lA 8?^ nOO uO ro CO r- t-OO WCO 00 >-t ITMTV ^ 0 LfMA -^ 0J>£) rHCO.O 0 m invD rnov rOON 0 0 0 in CVJ CVJ lAO ■*»■ 00 vO CVJTD t— Ov ^ ro ^ -» ^ ro ^ fN •♦ t* moo tvjoo O O rr, r-t o 0-0 00^ CO O rO CVJ mo cu t-- 00 Ov 00 -sr moN ONO 00 iTV ro 00 CVJ CVJ CVJ o iTlrH OvON «:::? r^ rH m fOr mvo vovo 03 ro -* O r-i m ^ iTV CJ CVI iTvCVJ 00 O \0 (TV 00 O lAO ifV iTvoo <3\m coco 00 CVJ » O iTv Q UA ^ o r- O lA mvo t— o lAO mo >A 8^ roov 0 f^ 0 m-» \£t^ -^a '8 ~8 c^cr\ *«. CO lAO OvO r- m «» a 0) «i •o 3 3 t.r-1 .rH (0 « O « ><> z > 2> Z> Z > > S> 56 > Z> ONf"^ rjO lAOv (»-l f~0\ lA t 0 ^■O 0 04 00 CVJ «» Ti ft- '70 -* r^ iA m CVJ lA lA 00 «» lA «»- CU tA C7N t--a3 ^ rH m ■Tv ^ ^ ocT JD c^ «» J9- •^ §8 CVJ CO M r-t 0^ •« 0 r-l •» PO * lA «*- .» •»- CVJ 0 8 .T\ r~- * TO r-t CVJ m «» rH «» J^O 0 ^DO lA J- c^ •■ « X> 0 c8 )-i vO ■¥»■ ^ r-t ■¥^ t 0 0 J- >A v£> CO Ov lA m lA CVJ «» \x> «•- ^8 C7v vO r-t m 0 lA r-l h- «»1 r-l «•- <7vO J;; CTvm« 0 •» ^ 0 00 lA lA «^ CO «» lACTV (♦ lAOJ <* r-t O r-l Crv X> Z > Z > T3 «) 55 - 76 - WATER POLLUTION CONTROL Stream pollution studies, now an integral part of modern fish and wildlife management, were continued through 1955-56 by the Department in cooperation with the Department of Health and other agencies concerned with water-use . Forty-five field investigations, ranging from routine examinations to detailed industrial waste and water studies, were made throughout the Province. Close liaison with the Sanitary Engineering Division of the Depart- ment of Health made it possible to rely solely on that Department for the study of numerous other cases in which the fish and wildlife considerations were of secondary importance. This division of responsibility made it possible for the Department to direct much of its attention to Northern Ontario v/here pulp and paper and raining wastes were of prime importance. Control of industrial pollution continues to be a long-range object- ive in most cases. The tremendous costs of waste treatment and disposal equip- ment, and the lack of the technical knowledge necessary to make control measures feasible or recovery and utilization of wastes possible, are the major obstacles to be overcome. Control of sewage pollution, on the other hand, is primarily a financial problem and is being studied as such by other Departments . The advice and active participation of field personnel in the Forest Districts continues to form the basis for many investigations. The first-hand knowledge which is applied in this way is an important contribution when pollution control is considered in terms of Fish and Wildlife management, and is a necessity when an evaluation of the effectiveness of pollution control measures is to be made. - 77 - ENFORCEMENT The game laws enacted by the Province of Ontario and the Regu- lations promulgated in accordance therewith, and the Ontario Fishery Regulations, and Migratory Birds Convention Act and Regulations ap- proved by the Canadian federal authorities are designed primarily for the protection and conservation of our wildlife. To ensure that the legislation and regulations are properly complied with, the department has some 190 conservation officers strategically placed throughout the province. In addition to this enforcement work these officers also assist in many phases of conservation and management work, plant fish, lecture and show films in conjunction with educational work among school children, etc. Excellent cooperation in enforcement is supplied to our officers by some l450 Deputy Game Wardens and members of the Ontario Provincial Police. When an officer apprehends a person for a violation of the Game and Fisheries Act and Regulations, all the equipment being used is required to be seized. Upon conviction the articles become the property of the Crown, to be disposed of by the department. Where in- fractions of a minor nature are involved, the persons concerned, following disposition of the informations which were laid and subsequent receipt of inquiries from them, have been provided with an opportunity to redeem the seized articles on payment of a specified fee assessed by the department for the return of such articles. This arrangement applies primarily to firearms and fishing tackle. However, there is a percentage of violations in which the circum- stances are sufficiently serious to warrant the definite confiscation to the Crown of the seized articles. These confiscated articles are disposed of by the department at annual public sales (fishing tackle and miscellaneous items in the spring and firearms in the fall), and which sales were conducted in the respective areas in which the of- fences had occurred. Two sales of confiscated articles were held during the year now under review. The receipts obtained, from the fishing tackle sale - 7^ - were $2,397,89; and from the gun sale were $5,016.45. SEIZURES In the year under review, there was a total of 2,929 cases In which equipment was seized by reason of the fact that the articles were being used in various ways responsible for infractions of the legislation and regulations. Following are the details of the officers responsible for these seizures, - Conservation Officers 2,232 cases Provincial Police Officers 6 " Joint Action: Conservation Officers and O.P.P. 88 Conservation Officers and Deputy Game Wardens 582 Conservation Officers and R.C.M.P. 7 Conservation Officers and City Police __l4 69I " 2,929 " Included in these figures are 71 cases in which the seizures were made from persons unknown, mostly fishing equipment and traps which had been set and left in an unlawful manner. The officers foimd it im- possible to develop sufficient evidence to enable them to establish actual ownership of these articles and therefore they were confiscated. It is always astonishing to note the variety in the articles seized. The items, this year, run from a 5^ Ice pick to an almost new automobile. Listed below are the most nxomerous seized articles: Angling equipment In 751 cases Fish 271 Nets 149 " Game (animals and birds) l40 " Firearms 1,602 pieces Pelts, skins, hides 507 " Traps and snares 400 " Spears 80 " - 79 - Tackle boxes 73 pieces Lights 70 " Duck decoys 60 " Cars and trucks 33 " Boats 25 " Outboard Motors 23 " Haversacks 19 " Minnow palls and traps 19 " Landing nets 14 " Details relating to some of these seized articles are enumerated below, - Firearms Shotguns 720 Smallbore rifles 601 Largebore rifles 249 Combination 16 Air weapons 9 Pistols 7 Pelts, skins and hides Beaver 284 Muskrat 150 Marten 21 Raccoon 17 Mink 16 Weasel 6 Lynx 4 Otter 3 Plsher 2 Fox 2 Deer 2 Miscellaneous Items Living Items seized - 13 ferrets, l4 buckets of minnows and 51 frogs. Sundry Items of hardware - I3 axes, 4 ammunition belts, 2 batteries, 1 cooler, 4 fish stringers, 5 gas cans, 8 hunting knives, 7 Ice chisels. - 80 - 2 bows, 1 anchor, 2 shovels, 1 saw, 1 pair pliers and 1 pair climbing spurs. In the camping supplies - 5 sleeping bags, 4 pair waders, 1 life Jacket, 1 blanket, 2 cameras, 1 tent, 2 stoves, 1 ground sheet, 1 suitcase and a mallet. Also a small supply of Illegal articles such as snaggers, dynamite and spring gaffs, PROSECUTIONS The following tables emphasize the efficiency of the enforcement staff, and the diligence pursued by them In conducting this Important phase of wildlife management. INFORMATIONS LAID By Whom With Seizures Non-seizure Investigations Total Conservation Officers 2,902 Ontario Provincial Police 6 271 Conservation Officers 2,96l Ontario Provincial Police 6 87 125 3,173 6 2,908 271 3,179 RESULT OP PROSECUTION By Whom Conviction Dismissed Withdrawn Total 3,173 6 2,967 87 125 3,179 Prom the informations laid, convictions were obtained in a very satisfactory proportion. The lack of sufficient evidence was the main cause resulting in dismissals. Most of the withdrawals were made for two reasons. First, when Juveniles are Involved in minor infractions; and second when they were one of two or more charges laid against the respective violators, to assure the registration of a conviction and the imposition of an adequate penalty under one of these multiple informations. In quite a number of these cases the violations were of a minor - $1 ' nature, but in a noticeable percentage of the cases they were violations of a deliberate and flagrant nature In which heavy penalties were Imposed and subsequent confiscation of the seized articles Involved. Listed below In order of frequency are some of the most serious infractions, - (a) Hunting In closed season (b) Hunting In Preserves and Parks (c) Illegal netting of fish (d) Spearing and snagging fish (e) Angling In sanctuary waters (f) Illegal possession of fur (g) Jackllghtlng deer and moose (h) Obstructing an officer (i) Transfer of a licence (j) Selling game and fish (k) Jackllghtlng fish (1) Shooting fish (m) Dynamiting fish - 62 - SECTION NO. 4 DIVISION of FOREST PROTECTION DIVISION OF FOREST PROTECTION The 1955 fire season will long be remembered as one of the most sustained and severe on record. The early disappearance of snow and rapid run-off, coupled with abnormally high temperatures and periods of low hiimldity, set the stage for a very serious early spring hazard. This period, usually extending from about May 15th to June 30th, was not terminated by normal precipitation and green growth. On the contrary, the severe fire danger con- ditions continued throughout the months of June, July and August, creating conditions of extreme drought. Water levels dropped steadily and many streams with normal year-round flow dried up completely. Swamps, usually wet and almost a sure source of water became dry and burned vigorously whereas they could as a rule oe depended upon to constitute a fire break. The situation was further aggravated by a series of dry lightning storms during July and August, the seriousness of which may be realized by the fact that during the period July 15th to August 25th an average of twenty fires per day were started by lightning. This in addition to several fires from other causes presented a major fire suppression problem. The Fire Record A total of 2,258 fires occurred spreading over an area of 396,423 acres or about 600 square miles. Following is a comparison with previous records: Year Number of Fires Acres Burned 1936 (worst year on record) 2264 1,264,433 1948 (2nd worst year on record) 2036 1,017,389 1954 881 56,693 lO-year average (1946-55) 1463 189,862 The burned-over area has been classified as follows: Mature growth - 103,246 acres or 27% Young grovrth - 89,051 acres or 24% Burn, blowdown and non-forested - 204,126 acres or 49% The volume of damaged timber was estimated at 267 million cubic feet. Salvage operations, where feasible, were commenced immediately following the fires. 846 fires or 37% were extinguished before reaching a size of ^ acre, 2,142 or 94% were less than 500 acres in size, 16 fires were between 500 and 1000 acres. 26 fires exceeded 1000 acres. The largest fire spread over 120,000 acres or 30% of the total fire area and was caused by lightning. Lightning started 928 fires or 41% and burned 272,126 acres or 70% of the total area. Fires by other causes in order of importance are: Campers - 390; Smokers - 298; Railways - 189; Settlers - 148; Miscellaneous - 148; Logging Operations - 53; Unknown - 32; Incendiary - 31; Road Construction - 13; Mining Operations - 11 and Prospectors - 11. Fires occurred during eight months of the year, April to November inclusive. July was the heaviest month when 709 fires burned 266,799 acres, being 67% of the total area. - 1 - Forest Fire Suppression Forest Fire suppression consisted of a supreme effort to combine every available resource of manpower and equipment into an organization geared to expansion in keeping with rapidly changing requirements. The organization of the complete field staff including Fish and Wildlife, Timber Management, Lands men and others, together with Protection personnel into an effective fire fighting machine proved most effective. A system of complete flexibility throughout the service proved its worth. Experienced supervisory personnel, aircraft and fire fighting equipment were funnelled into the areas of heavy fire load thus deriving the maximum benefit from the entire organization. The province's fleet of thirty-eight Beaver and three Otter aircraft did a tremendous job without accident. Two small helicopters were under contract for the period May 1st to October 31st. These machines, capable of carrying up to 600 pounds were used mainly for transporting small crews and equipment to newly discovered lightning fires in inaccessible, locations and provided the rapid transportation essential to suppressing many fires at discovery size. Two large helicopters supplied by the Royal Canadian Air Force pro- vided general transportation for larger fires and eliminated a tremendous Job of ground packing and difficult transportation. Cargo dropping from 200 to 300 feet, both free and using eleven and sixteen foot parachutes, was extensively employed. Water bombing, using three gallon paper containers, was an important factor in holding small fires to discovery size and preventing spread of hot spots in large fires until a ground crew took over. The carrying of a small equipped crew on aerial fire patrol follow- ing lightning storms and during periods of high hazard paid off on several occasions. A camera carried in each aircraft provided valuable Information concerning location and progress of fires. New types of light crawler units eind trailers were employed to good advanteige in areas inaccessible to wheel equipment. Due to the extreme drought, water tankers of various kinds were employed . Other items employed were pack horses for getting wet hose out from fires, power sawa for clearing fire line and helicopter landings, coloured smoke flares as a signalling device and wetting agents to improve the quenching effect of water on deep-seated fires. The benefits of up-to-date district fire protection plans, pre-fire season meetings with adjoining provinces and bordering states, and general planning for any emergency, were fully realized. Small stand-by crews instructed and maintained at strategic points proved invaluable as a means of rapid and effective initial attack. Co-operation Received Throughout the emergency a very effective and greatly appreciated co-operative effort prevailed. - 2 - The Federal Government through the Royal Canadian Air Force pro- vided aircraft and helicopters, permitting much more effective suppression action in inaccessible areas than would otherwise have been possible. The Ontario Provincial police performed an outstanding service in fire investi- gation, traffic control and general law enforcement. Commercial aircraft companies did an excellent job of flying and by providing spare relief pilots. The Ontario Hydro Electric Commission loaned their helicopters on several occasions. The weather Bureau co-operated to the utmost in pro- viding regular and special fire weather forecasts. The press, radio and television stations did a magnificent job of keeping the public fully informed of the actual conditions at all times. The clergy co-operated by informing parishioners, particularly in semi -wooded areas, of the grave danger and the necessity of extreme care with fire. The forest industry in several instances interrupted their operations to provide urgently needed fire fighters and equipment. To all of these and to many other co-operators not mentioned in the above, the Department is most sincerely grateful. Training The 1955 season provided an excellent opportunity to test many types of equipment and procedures. Two courses of instruction in forest fire in co-operation with industry were scheduled for July. The V/estern course held at Martin was completed. It was necessary to cancel the Eastern course, which was to be held at the Ranger School, due to the fire situation. The advantages of instruction in the organization of fire crews and proper use of equipment being given to employees of forest industries, municipal organizations and others, were clearly demonstrated. This important work will be expanded. Radio Communications During the year 1955, the Department's Radio Communication System of 119 stations handled a total of 6£,738 messages, totalling a word count of 1,701,595. This was an increase of 9. 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CD 1- _| m UI 1- H H 1- H i . •" < o q: a: O D. 2 z ^ y ^ a. z ir D D o < UJ 2 3 i in ir D \k t I o O UJ O < UI UI < < < < UJ o < O 3 S i. I UJ O UJ o O IL < U u u. o o ^ ^ ^ _1 J -I J z 0. a a in in in m t- * u in Z X z in _ 1^ FIREDAMAGE (Loss of standing timber calculated Districts CROWN Timber Damage Cu.Ft. Protection Charges PRIVATE Timber Damage Cu. Ft. Sioiix Lookout Kenora Fort Frances Port Arthur Geraldton Kapuskasing Cochrane White River Swastika Sault Ste. Marie GrOgama Chapleau Sudbury North Bay- Parry Sound Pembroke Tweed Lindsay Lake Simcoe 512,651 59,560 5,023 2,796,825 13,462,680 18,351,675 24,179,438 245,952 41,214 31,321,322 9,722,884 164,947,600 1,131,755 302,262 30,607 18,000 11,638 43,656 1,000 5,126.51 595.60 50.23 27,968.25 134,626.80 183,516.75 841,794.38 2,459.52 412.14 313,213.22 97,228.84 1,649,476.00 11,317.55 3,022.62 306.07 180.00 116.38 436.56 10.00 4,114.49 704.99 45.38 35,070.72 8,645.50 88,638.47 21,424.79 2,081.60 2,774.77 310,000.28 107,710.80 309,476.00 6,277.09 1,412.42 1,057.74 174.70 84.62 484.48 152.05 1955 Totals 267,185,742 2,671,857.42 900,330.89 1954 Totals 24,824,910 248,249.10 156,361.55 1953 Totals 27,933,971 279,339.71 87,811.27 155,700 10,725 253 100 3,245 8,230 14,483 11 , 474 87,147 180,225 2,204 87,902 640 6,134 17,154 1,356 586,972 83,787 1,688,003 1,557.00 107.25 2.53 1.00 32.45 82.30 144.83 114.74 871.47 1,802.25 22.04 879.02 6.40 61.34 171.54 13.56 5,869.72 837.87 16,880.03 - 14 - TABLE-1955 on Value of Crown Dues only) Protection Charges TOTAL Timber Damage Cu. Ft. $ Protection Charges 1 Total Damage Private Property Damage 649.80 668,351 6,683.51 4,764.29 11,447.80 . — - 18.52 70,285 702.85 723.51 1,426.36 125.45 7.38 5,276 52.76 52.76 105.52 50.00 608.80 2,796,925 27,969.25 35,679.52 63,648.77 63,300.00 15.60 13,465,925 134,659.25 8,661.10 143,320.35 3,193.00 4.50 18,359,905 183,599.05 88,642.97 272,242.02 42,495.56 - - 24,179,438 241,794.38 21,424.79 263,219.17 31,630.00' 179.15 260,435 2,604.35 2,260.75 4,865.10 570.00 727.75 52,688 526.88 3,502.52 4,029.40 1,000.00 9,307.00 31,408,469 314,084.69 319,307.28 633,391.97 300.00 - - 9,722,884 97,228.84 107,710.80 204,939.64 1,500.00 - - 164, 947 , 6001649 , 476 .00 309,476.00 1,958,952.00 18,000.00 669.80 1,311,980 13,119.80 6,946.89 20,066.69 11,280.00 176.88 304,466 3,044.66 1,589.30 4,633.96 31.25 1,031.82 118,509 1,185.09 2,089.56 3,274.65 8,239.50 - - 18 , 640 186.40 174.70 361.10 - L 47.88 17,772 177.72 132.50 310.22 725.00 112.00 60,810 608.10 596.48 1,204.58 2,500.00 65.06 2,356 23.56 217.11 240 . 67 - - 13,621.94 267,772,714 2,677,727.14 913,952.83 3,591,679.97 184,939.76 792.68 24,908,697 249,086.97 157,154.23 406,241.20 15,650.45 9,842.62 29,621,974 296,219.74 97,653.89 393,873.63 81,777.73 - 15 - Forest Fires and Acreage Burned in Ontario from 1922 to 1955 Year Number of Fires Acres Burned 1922 1 021 3^6,193 lilt h}^l 1^9 ^'^3 1926 1,110 88,37^ llVs III 357^2 }m 536 100,383 1930 IA02 7if 809 ^^31 1,851 138 287 .^^32 2,073 79 021 ]l\l ^919 3^9 958 ^^1^ 1'^^^ 198,633 ]l\l . 1,309 250 662 \ll^n ^'P^'^ l,26^■^33 ]l\l 1A^3 22lf 7^ 1939 ^'o?? ^38% ToS 961 29,098 ?-?L? ^'^J^ 121 6lif ^^kP ^'26^ 666 5^7 ]tul ^>F^ 113 716 iQ^ 1'137 168 891 i^^lI 966 1,8 510 iQLft 1'393 8^,032 ^9^9 ?'«l^ 1,017389 to^n ^'^3^ 60,065 1951 frl 36 780 txi; 90^ ioi,2^h3 ^952 1,095 12^21 195^ ^'1^? ^? ?°9 1955 o o2i ^^+'^93 ■^955 2,252 396A23 - 16 - SECTION NO. 5 DIVISION of LANDS DIVISION of LANDS Amendments to the Regulations, made under The Public Lands Act, which have been in effect since May 1953, were made during the fiscal year under review as follows: Regulation 1 to bring it into line with regulations passed by the Department of Mines respecting certain agricultural townships in the clay belt where surface and mineral rights have been severed. Regulation 6 altering the residence requirements necessary preliminai*y to the granting of patent and reducing the conditions determining eligibility to purchase - Regulation 7 amended to correct an error in the 1953 regulations. Regulation 8 extending to persons participating in military operations undertaken by The United Nations to restore peace in Korea, the privilege of applying for free grants of agricultural land. Regulation 11 altering the residence requirements necessary to qualify an applicant for patent. Regulation 17 providing for the issuing of patent in certain circumstances without application . Regulation 22 establishing the minimum size of islands which may be sold for private and commercial recreational use. Regulation 25 increasing the price of recreational lands. Regulation 27 increasing the amount of deposit payable on purchase price and increasing the time allowed to meet building conditions . Regulation 28 providing for the issuing of patent in certain circumstances without application . Regulation 28a, which is an entirely new section, establishes the annual rental payable and the amount of land allowed in certain types of land tenure permitted under authority of license of occupation or land use permit . The above amendments became effective July 4, 1955. Under an Act cited as The Public Lands Amendment Act, 1955, one section of The PubUc Lands Act was amended, being Section 61, Subsection 2, and a further amendment was effected by adding Section 21a. - 1 - There were no transactions completed during the year under the Ontario Dominion- Provincial Agreement (section 38 The Veterans' Land Act, Canada). However, close cooperation with the Federal Government officials administering the Act continued. Since the Agreement was approved in 1946, 200 veterans have been established on agricultural land and on small holdings. Of this number only six have failed, attributable entirely to the veteran himself. On the whole, the scheme has been perhaps the most successful one designed to place people on Crown Land in which the Province, as represented by this Department, has had an interest. The 10 year period during which patent is withheld will for some be up in 1957, when those veterans having completed their obligations will be entitled to patent. The following shows the increase or decrease in volume of sales, cancellations and patents compared with last year: Agricultural Land Sales decreased, cancellations increased, patents decreased. Summer Resort Land Sales decreased slightly, cancellations decreased, patents decreased. Special Use Land Sales decreased, cancellations decreased slightly, patents decreased. Townsite Land Sales increased, cancellations increased, patents increased. Free Grant Land Locations increased, cancellations decreased, patents decreased. The decrease in agricultural land sales and patents is due to economic conditions , the increase in cancellations to improved inspection facilities . The decrease in volume of summer resort transactions is largely because Crown Land available is becoming farther away from the larger centres of populations, and it is anticipated that a gradual decrease will continue . - 2 - The decrease in the number of special use land transactions is the result of more stringent policy which provides for the granting of land only after careful and full investigation to ensure as far as it is possible to do so that purchasers actually require land for the purpose indicated and are in a position financially and otherwise to meet the Department 's requirements . In connection with townsites , the reason for the increase is that the Department has been concentrating on cleaning up all existing authorized and unauthorized occupations, many of long years standing. Free Grant Locations , which are made to veterans who qualify (other than veterans established under the veterans land act) increased slightly but cancellations and patents decreased. - 3 - PATENTS OFFICE ( Lands D i v i s i on ) Statement of Patents, etc. issued during the year ending March 31st, 1936 PuBL ic Land Patents Free Grant Patents Patents & Transfers (Town Lots) Miscellaneous Documents Release of Pine 1532 59 85 132 17 1825 Crown Leases Algonquin Park Leases Rondeau Park Leases Temagami Leases Water Power Leases Lake Superior Provincial Park Leases 3 4.1 9 56 Licenses of Occupation Licenses of Occupation (Rondeau) Licenses of Occupation (Algonquin) Licenses of Occupation (Temagami) 59 60 Licenses of Occupation Cancelled Crown Leases Cancelled 61 88 - 4 - a. 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' V < ^ N^ "t ** \ A 1 \ •>s CO "^ Am O) it if f f J l\ I / X \ iT J *i Zfi6l 9fi6l fisei VS6I £S6I Zfi6l 0S6I 6^61 8^61 LV%\ 9^61 S>6I V^6I £V6I 2^61 IV6I 0V6I 6£6I 8£6I Z£6I 9£6i SC6I ^£61 ££61 E£6I o o CD O o SUOJ430SUDJX * 0 J 8 q uj n N SECTION NO. 6 DIVISION of LAW DIVISION OF LAW LEGISLATION At the Session of the Legislature which opened on January 31, 1956, amendments to several of the Statutes administered by the Department of Lands and Forests, and amendments to The Land Titles Act, The Mining Act, The Highway Traffic Act, and The Fines and Forfeitures Act of direct concern to the Department, were passed. The Ontario Parks Integration Board Act, 1956 was enacted. The Minister of Lands and Forests is a member of the Board. Notes on Legislation The Crown Timber Act, 1952 - Provision is nnade for setting up Crown management units from which a supply of timber to a mill can be assured, at the same time making timber available from such units for other purposes. The provision as to the making of surveys in connection with licensed areas is extended to unlicensed areas, with the costs of any such survey to be borne by the person responsible for the cutting of Crown timber without authority. Sections dealing with the seizure of timber for the liquida- tion of overdue accounts are amended. The Game and Fisheries Act - Provision is nnade for a combined deer and moose licence at a fee of $26,00. This licence is for use only in areas designated by the regulations for the purpose. It is confined to resident hunters, who can take one deer or one moose under the licence, but not one of each. Provision is made to prohibit by regulation the use of dogs in hunting caribou, deer or moose in densely- settled parts of Ontario designated as such in the regulations. It is made an offence to hunt on private lands in parties of more than twelve persons without the land-owner's consent. This is designed to give the land-owner protection against large-scale fox, rabbit, and other drives, A new principle is introduced, with the provision that a court is empowered to prohibit a person from acquiring a hunting licence for a period of up to five years where such person is convicted of an offence under The Forest Fires Prevention Act, any one of certain offences under the Criminal Code relating to injury or damage to persons or pro- perty, or under The Game and Fisheries Act while using or possessing a fire-arm for the purpose of hunting. The Land Surveyors Act - Certain sections relating to procedural matters, the term of apprenticeship, and the educational standing required, are amended. The Mining Act - Section 39a prohibits prospecting or staking out of mining claims, or the development of mineral interests, or the working of mines in provincial pairks , except as provided by the regulations made londer The Provincial Parks Act, 1954, Section 56a invalidates any mining claim that is staked out during the time that a fire dis- trict is closed under The Forest Fires Prevention Act, subject to certain exceptions therein set out. The Provincial Land Tax Act - The maximum rate of tax that may be fixed in respect of land in provincial parks is set at 4%, and a different rate may be fixed for land in different provincial parks. Provision is made for fixing the valuation of pipe- lines for the purposes of the Act, The Provincial Parks Act, 1954 - The use or occupation of land in pro- vincial parks for any purpose, including mining, is prohibited except as provided under the Act or the regulations, and provision is made that the staker, recorded holder of a mining claim, or the holder of a licence of occupation of a mining claim, does not ac- quire any right in or to the surface rights. Provision is made for the seizure and confiscation of articles used in violation of the Act or the regulations. The Public Lands Act - Provision is made to annul in whole or in part original surveys, to lodge amended plans in the proper Registry or Land Titles office, and to cajicel letters patent affected by an annulment and to issue letters patent in lieu thereof containing a revised description. Provision is made empowering the Minister to issue a quit claim to a person in possession of land for more than sixty years. Certain obsolete reservations in letters patent issued over the years are made void by- statute, and provision is nnade to issue a certificate in respect of any such reservation upon payment of a fee of $15.00. The Railway Fire Charge Act - Small holdings (fewer than 200 acres) of railway lands as defined by the Act that are subject to tax under The Provincial L^ind Tax Act are exempt from the payment of the railway fire charge, and in the case of small holdings that are not so exempt the charge is reduced from $12.80 to $6,00. Dating, billing and forfeiture procedures are brought into line with those under The Provincial Land Tclx Act, and the Land Tax Collector under the latter Act is the collector for the purpose of The Railway Fire Charge Act. REGULATIONS A total of 23 regulations were approved and filed during the fiscal year from April 1st, 1955, to March 31st, 1956. The drafting of a connplete set of regula- tions under The Provincial Parks Act, 1954 was commenced. The following are the regulations that were approved and filed: The Crown Timber Act, 1952 O.Reg. 147/55 - amending O.Reg. 43/53 The Forest Fires Prevention Act O.Reg. 98/55 - O.Reg. 142/55 - O.Reg. 143/55 - Replacing O.Reg. 142/55 O.Reg. 144/55 - Replacing O.Reg. 143/55 O.Reg. 159/55 - The Game and Fisheries Act O.Reg. 95/55 - O.Reg. 110/55 - O.Reg. 111/55 - O.Reg. 149/55 - O.Reg. 169/55 - Amending O.Reg. 95/55 O.Reg. 172/55 - Amending O.Reg. 149/55 O.Reg. 185/55 - Amending C.R.O. 129 O.Reg. 186/55 - Amending C.R.O. 127 O.Reg. 198/55 - Amending O.Reg. 95/55 Crown charges. Forest closing. Forest closing, Forest closing. Open season for Fur-bearers, Open season for Deer, 1955. Open season for Moose, 1955. Open season for Ganne Birds, 1955. Royalties , Township licences O.Reg. O.Reg. O.Reg. O.Reg. O.Reg. O.Reg. O.Reg. 199/55 200/55 208/55 209/55 18/56 34/56 35/56 Amending O.Reg. 110/55 Amending C.R.O. 123 Amending O.Reg. 95/55 Amending C.R.O. 123 Amending O.Reg. 80/51 Amending O.Reg. 164/49 (C.R.O. 404) CroAvn Game Preserves. Hunting on Crown Lands, Crown Game Preserves, Waters set apart. Waters set apart. The Public Lcuids Act O.Reg. 129/55 - Amending O.Reg. 85/53 General amendments . SECTION NO. 7 DIVISION of OPERATION and PERSONNEL 1955 - 1956 ANNUAL REPORT DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS DIVISION OF OPERATION AND PERSONNEL PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SECTION 1955 - 1956 ANNUAL REPORT DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS DIVISION OF OPERATION AND PERSONNEL PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SECTION ANNUAL REPORT 1955 - 1956 PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SECTION The table shovm belovf indicates the total number of employees on the staff for each month of the fiscal year. STAFF ATTENDANCE SUMMARY Head Office Field , Service Extra 1955 Perm. Cont. Gas. H.O. Perm. Cont. Gas. F.S. Grand Fire 364 Temp. S5 16 Total 1249 Temp. 67 1610 Total Total Fighting Apr. 465 2946 3411 165 May 365 S5 60 510 1259 62 1995 3336 3646 2761 June 366 B5 91 542 1259 224 1557 3040 3562 2336 July 366 79 90 535 1264 131 1726 3123 3656 6369 Aug. 366 V 69 532 1267 60 1725 3072 3604 6940 Sept. 365 §3 i^ 512 1266 60 1699 3045 3557 1646 265 Oct. 362 61 461 1277 77 1442 2796 3257 Nov. 356 S3 19 456 1274 90 1066 2432 2690 5 Dec. 357 64 13 454 1271 66 675 2232 2666 1956 Jan. 350 81 15 446 1275 64 714. 2073 2519 1 Feb. 349 66 17 452 1266 64 661 2031 2463 ... Mar. 344 69 16 451 1267 91 637 1995 2446 14 Av. 359 63 43 465 1263 100 1311 2644 3162 1695 The following tables show the numerical strength of the various Administrative Districts, Head Office Divisions, Nurseries and the Ontario Forest Ranger School as of March 31st, 1956. Minister's Office Deputy Minister's Office Accounts Fish and Wildlife Forest Protection Lands Law Parks Operation and Personnel Reforestation Research Surveys and Engineering Timber Management Totals HEAD OFFICE STAFF Perm. Temp. Cas. Total 5 5 3 3 51 24 5 60 49 6 1 56 19 1 20 16 3 2 23 4 4 4 1 5 49 25 3 76 15 4 2 21 41 7 46 50 15 3 66 36 5 41 3U 69 16 451 - 1 - FIELD STAFF Perm. Temp. Cas. Total Air Service Angus Chapleau Cochrane Forest Ranger School Fort Frances Geraldton Gogama Kapuskasing Kenora Lake Erie St. Williams Nursery Lake Huron Lake Simcoe Lindsay Midhurst North Bay South Central Region Orono Parry Sound Pembroke Port Arthur Thunder Bay Nursery Rideau Rideau Nursery Sault Ste. Marie Sioux Lookout Sudbury Central Region Swastika Tweed White River 90 IS 29 49 17 41 31 25 44 49 40 21 44 36 57 30 76 3 IB 55 72 59 5 26 11 67 47 62 3 52 64 26 13 1 4 4 10 2 6 4 4 3 12 6 3 1 3 1 20 39 17 19 19 16 32 15 la 29 23 26 14 13 31 5 16 61 45 11 30 34 21 29 33 20 103 19 49 BB P 60 57 41 77 6a 62 60 69 66 75 43 110 3 23 75 136 116 22 29 12 100 ai a4 3 a2 99 46 1,267 91 637 1,995 Total Staff as of March. 1956 Head Office Field 344 1267 a9 91 TOTALS 1611 lao la 637 655 451 1995 2446 Number of Licensed Scalers on Staff 404 Number of Ranger School Graduates on Staff 425 Number of employees holding University degrees or titles: Foresters Biologists Civil Engineers Miscellaneous 139 34 6 27 Total 206 - 2 - I 700 1600 I 500 1400 I 300 I 200 I 100 I 000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 PERM; ^ N E N T AS OF MARCH 3 EMPLOYE 1^^ EACH Y EAR E S 1 ^^H ^^^H ^^H — ^^^B-— m ^^^1 I ■ 1 1 ■ \ I I + 4 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 - 3 - AGE CLASS CHART FOR PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY EMPLOYEES 500 AS OF ai^-^M A RCH 1956 UNDER 21 21-30 31 - 4 D ^ i - 50 51 -60 61-70 YEARS YEARS Y.EARS VEARS YEARS YEARS The above is broken down in the table below: Under 21 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 Head Office 23 86 128 90 Field 15 272 372 291 38 358 500 3^1 78 280 358 28 128 156 Total 433 1358 1791 - 4 - Distribution of Male and Female Employees at Head Office; Division Accounts Deputy Minister* s Office Fish and Wildlife Forest Protection Lands Law M3.nister»s Office Operation and Personnel Parks Reforestation Research Surveys and Engineering Timber Mangement Totals Male 52 1 34 17 10 2 1 53 3 16 41 57 36 323 Female 110 Male and Female Employees in the Field; Male 1279 Female 79 Tot^l 13 5$ Total 23 75 2 3 21 55 2 19 11 21 2 4 4 5 21 74 1 4 3 19 7 46 B 65 5 41 433 War Veterans in the Department: Head Office Field Totals Male Percentage of Veterans as of Male Staff Percentage of Female Veterans per Female Staff Female Total 161 602 5 2 166 604 763 7 770 itaff 47.6fo 3.7?S The table shown below lists the number of employees who discontinued their services for various reasons, as indicated, during the fiscal year: Resigned Dismissed Died Super- Retired Transferred Total Head Office Field 61 59 1 3 6 annuated 11 1 7 7 7 SO 91 Totals 120 1 9 19 6 14 171 - 5 - New Employees! Male Female Total Head Office 44 20 64 Field 76 15 93 Totals 122 35 157 The Staff Turnover for this Fiscal Year is: 9.4% Chart Listing the Number of Applications, Interviews, and Appointments: Applications Recorded Interviews Appointments Full time 4^5 257 157 University Students 171 76 Junior Forest Rangers 1122 --- 574 Totals 177s 257 607 The Junior Forest Rangers as shown in the following ^distribution were employed during the months of July and August. District Number of Junior Rangers Chapleau 46 Cochrane 45 Fort Frances 14 Geraldton 34 Gogama 41 Kapuskasing 43 Lake Siracoe 9 Lindsay 11 North Bay 3d Parry Sound 25 Pembroke 51 Port Arthur 6 ic> ssic Sault Ste. Marie 53 Sudbury 42 v Swastika 42 Tweed 26 White River 46 Totals 574 - 6 - The comparison of the number of Technical Personnel employed over the past ten years is shown below. TECHNICAL PERSONNEL EMPLOYED 1947 1948 1949 FISCAL 1950 1951 1952 19' 3 1954 YEAR ENDING 31 MARCH 956 I - 7 - staff Transfers and Promotions during the Fiscal Year Roseborough, J.D. Bumstead, F.S. Langford, R.J. Bulloch, G.W. Hamilton, G.A. Tait, J.J.R. Sleeman, W.L. Keddie, J»R, Colley, J.W, Neundorf, S.E. Kindness, J.C, Walter, G. F. Fewings, G.B, Taylor, W.G. Dodds, F.M. Shalla, J.J. Flowers, J.F. Longley, G.M.B. Giles, J.W. Baxter, R.A. Bruce, D.S. Biologist, Division of Fish and Wildlife to District Biologist, Lake Erie, April 1/55. Assistant District Accountant, Lake Erie to District Accountant, White River, April 1/55- District Accountant, Chapleau, to District Accountant, Pembroke, April 1/55 • Forest Ranger, Swastika, to White River as Chief Ranger at Mobert, April 1/55 • Forester, Port Arthur, to District Forester, Sioux Lookout, April 1/55 • Forest Ranger, Pembroke, to Chief Ranger, Whitney, April 1/55. Acting District Forester, Swastika, to District Forester, Swastika, April 1/55 . Assistant Management Forester, Kenora, to Management Forester, Kenora, April 1/55. Forest Ranger, Kapuskasing, to L^nds Supervisor, Pembroke, May 1/55. (Now Superannuated) District Accountant, Sudbury, to Regional Accountant for the Central Region, May I/55. District Accountant, Lindsay, to District Accountant, Sault Ste. Marie, June 1/55. District Accountant, Lake Erie, to District Accountant, Lindsay, June 1/55. Assistant District Accountant to Acting District Accountant, Lake Erie, June 1/55. Deputy Chief Forest Ranger, Sioux Lookout, to Kenora as Chief Ranger at Minaki, June 1/55 • Chief Forest Ranger, Sioux Lookout, to Forest Protection Supervisor, Kapuskasing, June 1/55. Deputy Chief Forest Ranger, Pembroke, to Chief Ranger at Hearst in Kapuskasing, June 1/55 . Forester, White River to Timber Management Supervisor, Sudbury, July 1/55. Forester, Timber Management to Timber I^Ianagement Supervisor, Port Arthur, July 1/55* Forester, Timber I-Ianageraent to Timber Management Supervisor, Pembroke, July 1/55. Forester, Parry Sound to Timber Management Supervisor, White River, July 1/55. Forester, Timber I^nagement, to Timber I^nagement Supervisor, Sault Ste. Marie, July 1/55. - 8 - Johnston, E.F. Hamilton, S.R. Gage, D.E. Chadwick, J.D. Jennings, G.A. Williams, D.R, Anderson, E,F« Matheson, J. A. Janser, F. Cecile, L.T. Morin, J.E. Helrasley, A.F. Simons, G. Melin, E.A. Porch, W.H. Whalen, J.M. Cleavely, W.G. Affleck, L.M. Orme, J. A, Forester, Lake Huron to Reforestation Supervisor, Fort Frances, July 1/55. Forester, Lake Huron to Reforestation Supervisor, Swastika, July 1/55. Forester, Lake Simcoe to Reforestation Supervisor, Chapleau, July 1/55. Clerk, Sault Ste. Marie to District Accountant, Geraldton, July 1/55. District Accountant, Geraldton to District Accountant, Sudbury, July 1/5 5 • Chief Forest Ranger, White River to Chief Ranger at Red Lake in Sioux Lookout, July 1/55. Forester, North Bay to Timber Management Supervisor Kapuskasing, Ju].y 1/55 • Clerk, Lake Huron to Park Superintendent, Ipperwash Beach Park, August 1/55. Forester, Sault Sx.e. Marie to Timber Management Supervisor, Swastika, September 1/5 5 • Deputy Chief Forest Ranger, Chapleau to Chief Ranger, Chapleau, September 1/55 • Chief Forest Ranger, Chapleau to Sudbury as Chief Ranger at Espanola, September 1/55 • From Pembroke to Division of Parks as Park Naturalist, September 1/5 5 • Stockkeeper, Cochrane, to Lands Supervisor, Cochrane, September l/55» Deputy Chief Forest Ranger, Fort Frances to White River as Chief Ranger at Franz, October 1/55. Assistant District Accountant, Pembroke to District Accountant, Tweed, October 1/55. District Forester, Sudbury to Division of Forest Protection, February 1/56. Assistant District Forester, Sudbury to District Forester, Sudbury, February 1/56. Forester, Sault Ste. Marie to Division of Forest Protection, February 1/56. Forest Ranger, Pembroke to Lands Supervisor, Pembroke, March l/56. - 9 - ONTARIO FOREST RANGER SCHOOL 1955 Course First Term - January 10th - March 26th. 1955 Attended Passed Forest Rangers 21 21 Conservation Officers 11 "^2 Miscellaneous 19 18 Industry 4 4 55 53 Second Term - T-tov l6th - July 30th. 1955 Forest Rangers 21 21 Conservation Officers ^ 10 10 Miscellaneous 17 17 Industry 4 4 52 52 Third Term - October 3rd - December 17th. 1955 Forest Rangers 21 21 Conservation Officers 11 11 Miscellaneous 16 l6 Industry 4 4 52 52 - 10 - TRAINING 1* Motor Fleet Supervlaora Safety Tralnin/a: Course and Automotive Maintenance Course: All Forest Protection Supervisors and Mechanical Supervisors have taken these courseso During the past fiscal year, one employee attended the courses. 2» Guide Training Course; March 28th, 1955 - April 2nd, 1955, 29 Guides and 5 Department Officers attended this course which was held at The Ontario Forest Ranger School. 3. Outboard Motor and Marine Course (Peterborough); Twenty-two employees attended the course. 4* Watson- Jack Course; During January 1956, eight mechanical supervisors attended a three-day maintenfiuice course in Montreal for the Watson-Jack fire pumps. 5* Executive Development Course; Twenty senior officers, from both our District and Regional Offices as well as from our various Divisions at Head Office, attended an Executive Development Course held from January 30th, 1956 to February 10th, 1956. In the afternoon of the last day, time was devoted to a panel discussion on the development and improvement of the course. - 11 - 6. Course In Essentials of Public Administration; This course was divided into two parts* Part I was held on a Wednesday of each for ten weeks commencing October 12th, 1955. One employee from each of the following divisions or district attended: Lake Simcoe District - 2 Operation and Personnel - 1 Reforestation - 1 Surveys and Engineering - 1 Total 5 Part II was held from February 1st, 1956 to April 4th, 1956. The following attended: Lake Simcoe District - 1 Operation and Personnel - 1 Reforestation - 1 Surveys and Engineering - 1 Total 4 N#B« — See also "Safety and First Aid". - 12 - Safety and First Aid Safety Councils 24 Active Safety Councils in the Province. 127 Safety Council Meetings were convened during the fiscal year 1955-56. Hunting Casualties Accidents reported through our Department 24 Fatal Accidents Non-fatal " Accidents ^ A total of 1602 firearms of various types were seized by Departmental Officers; 500 were placed on sale; 34 were destroyed as unsafe; the balance were returned to their owners who committed minor infractions of the law — upon payment of the release fee. One member of staff was admitted to the Fleet Supervisor's Course conducted at the University of Toronto. All Dis- trict Mechanics and Forest Protection Supervisors have now completed this course. First Aid Training Approximately SOO persons have been trained in First Aid as taught or offered by the St. John Ambulance Associa- tion and Canadian Red Cross. First Aid Courses were included in the Forest Ranger School Curriculum for the first time with our own department in- structors officiating. Forty-eight (46) candidates graduat- ed. Two (2) of these were from Wood Products Industry, and two from Department of Northern Affairs Natural ftesources Dominion Government. A Mobile Unit was partially equipped for the purpose of Safety Training, Driver Testing, Rescue and First Aid Services. It will be completed next year. There were 6,762 Safety Posters distributed this year. Safety demonstrations and talks were presented at the Sportsraen(s Show in Toronto. Several Radio broadcasts were made in the interests of Safety. A boating film was started and it is expected that it will be completed next year. Resuscitators There are 43 Resuscitators located at strategic locations throughout the Province. To date, we have 308 qualified operators i.e. persons who have received instruction and practical training with this equipment. Porto Clinic Tests 560 motor vehicle operators were tested with this equip- ment. Anyone failing these tests was given the opportunity to improve his qualifications. One driver was not allowed to continue driving Department vehicles. - 13 - FIELD INSPECTIONS As part of normal routine there is constant inspection, through the field organization, of buildings, equipment and methods, and these are in the interests of economical standardization in maintenance and housekeeping. Special investigations as directed by Head Office, staff and Departmental investigations, are conducted and reported as required. For these purposes during the past fiscal year, the Chief Inspector has made trips as follows: Regions 7 Districts 21 Chief Ranger Divisions 45 Deputy Chief Ranger Headquarters 53 Major Parks ^ Parks under construction Several Hatcheries S County Forests 20 Nurseries 6 Division of Air Service (Sault Ste. Marie) and Air Bases in the field 20 - 14 - WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION FISCAL YEAR 1955 - 1956 The accident record for the fiscal year 1955-56 stands alone y vrith no similarity to other years. The fire season from the beginning of April until October was extremely serious. Average cost per claim increased by $3,82 this year* Again, as may be noted by past reports, "axes and falls" are still the two major causes of accidents. Axe accidents did move down to second place leaving falls as the greatest single cause of accidents. Allergies, this year, were two less in number despite the fact that more men are being engaged in work involving this "occupational hazard". There were four deaths during the year, two by drowning, one in a traffic accident and one from a falling tree. Workmen's Compensation Board costs for the fiscal year were |106,962.46, Average cost of claims was f7S,00o There were 910 compensable claims. - 15 - OUR RECORD A FIVE YEAR COMPARISON 1951-52 1952-53 1953-54 1954-55 1955-56 AVERAGE COST PER CLAIM -16 - WORKMEN »S CC»IPENSATION TABLE 1 TREND IN WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION CLAIMS PREPARED FROM TOTAL CLAIMS FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS 1946-47 TO 1955-56 NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS PER YEAR 1.000 9 50 900 850 800 750 700 6 50 6 00 550 500 4 50 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1946-47 1947-48 194849 1949-50 1950-51 1951-52 1952-53 195354 1954-55 195556 - 17 - L WORKMEN »S COMPENSATION TABLE II TREND IN WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION COSTS PREPARED FROM TOTALS FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS 194 6 - 47 TO I 955 - 56 $100,000 . _ . -,_.,... _ — _ . 1 < |_J $ 90,000 - - - - --. ^ — y y- z LJ-I $ 80,000 I- Li- O $ 70.000 ^ o M • ... - J Ct $ 60.000 / _ .: F CL . .^■- — ■ < ^ $ 50,000 ^ A ^ 1 ^ f w / cr X LU / . - * ^ O $40,000 . x_. ., — - X X - - - - ' - - - — ' X 1- Q $ 30,000 u i ~ t on nnn 1946-47 1947-48 1948-49 .1949-50 1950-51 1951-52 1952-53 1953-54 1954-55 1955 56 - 18 - VOR£M£N«S CCMPENSATION TABLE III TREND IN WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION CLAIMS PREPARED FROM AVERAGE FIGURES FOR THE PAST TEN YEARS 1946-47 TO 1955-56 AVERAGE NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS SHOWING INCIDENCE BY MONTH 100 95 90 85 80 Ul 75 ^ 70 < 65 _l 60 O 55 50 UJ 45 O 40 < LU 35 30 25 20 I 5" I 0 i i V / X / \ / 1 -— 1 A f / / / / y f ^^^^ /I ^v / ^ / ^m r ^^^^ ^^^^ t APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT OCT NOV DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. - 19 - WORKMEN ♦S COMPENSATION TABLE IV IN PERCENTAGE OF STAFF INVOLVED COMPENSABLE ACCIDENTS ANNUALLY 19% o 16 > 14 \1 13 CO , I u- 10 o 9 8 7 6 5 4 < o % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % OVER A PERIOD OF THE PAST 1946-47 TO 1955-56 TEN YEARS iiT — __ — . — __ __ — . — , 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 195! 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 i9_55 1956 - 20 - HIGHLIGHTS DIVISION OF OPERATION AND PERSONNEL 1955 - 1956 There was only a slight increase in staff during this fiscal year. There was an increase of 31 permanent and temporary employees in comparison to 39 last year and 45 in the previous year. A total of 171 permanent and temporary employees left and 157 new permanent and temporary employees were appointed. The staff turnover for this year was 9»k%» Total number of employees on staff as of March 31st, 1956 was 1,791« The following tables show comparisons of number of personnel on staff on March 31* 1956 compared with March 31, 1955: 1) March 31, 1956 March 31, 1955 Permanent 1611 1616 7 decrease Temporary ISO 142 3S increase Casual 655 222 72 decrease 2) Personnel with Degrees: Foresters March 31, 1956 March 31, 1955 Biologists 139 174 35 decrease 34 39 Civil Engineers Others 5 decrease 6 5 1 Increase 27 26 1 increase 3) Personnel with Scaler's Licenses March 31, 1956 March 31, 1955 404 379 25 increase 4) Ranger School Graduates March 31, 1956 March 31, 1955 425 379 46 increase - 21 - 5) Applications, Interviews, and Appointments: 1955-56 Applications Interviews Appointments l,77d 257 307 1,744 246 730 6) War Veterans in the Department: Male March 31, 1956 March 31, 1955 763 d04 41 decrease Female 7 6 Total 770 eio 1 increase 40 decrease 7) Jxmior Forest Rangers: Districts Chapleau Cochrane Fort Frances Geraldton Gogama Kapuskasing Kenora Lake Simcoe Lindsay North Bay Parry Sound Pembroke Port Arthur Sault Ste. Marie Sioux Lookout Sudbury Swastika Tweed White River Totals 1954-55 121fzl6 40 46 39 45 — 14 35 34 34 41 32 43 10 .. "9 29 11 33 33 20 25 42 51 11 3 60 53 19 24 42 31 42 32 26 23 46 524 574 - 22 - 94 $11,521. 165 19,353. 57 753. 21 490. Workmen's Compensation t Comparison of Accidents and their Costs: laSklli 1955-56 Accidents No> Costs No. Posts 1. Axe Accidents 64 $4,077. 2. Falls 66 7,473. 3. Eye Injuries 36 470. 4. Allergies 23 556. The fire season in 1955-56 was extremely serious and may account for the increase in accidents. During the peak period of employment, July and August, the number of employees on Department pay lists was double that of the peak period for the preceding year. Because of the extreme fire season and the increase in number of personnel the accident total doubled. The increase in the accident rate was 6.26^ and the increase in number of accidents was 455, compared with the preceding year. The average cost of a claim was $73.00. - 23 - OFFICE MANAGEMENT SECTION PROCUREMENT AND PURCHASING Due to the continued expansion and the resultant need of equipment and office materiel, procurement and purchasing in this fiscal period was active and vddespread. Among the multifarious activities carried out by this section, there was basically the continuing concern of demand and supply whether it was space requirements, duplicating, uniforms, licences of many and varied sorts, stationery and equipment, services such as the care of office machines, transportation, hotel accommodation, etc. Back of this basic demand were the many-facetted details of investigation and procurement, all of which contributed to the functional cohesion of this section. As has been related in the past, the established routine calls for requisitions to be channelled to the Purchase and Supply Section for processing, in which the items listed are checked to ascertain if they can be supplied from stock, or if they must be ordered, either by direct purchase order or from the Queen's Printer or Public Works Department. From time to time new items in office equipment and supplies are brought to this section's attention and are investigated. Divisional and district offices are kept informed of new items of equipment and services and their suppliers where it is deemed warranted, and, whenever possible, descriptive sheets and pamphlets are sent the afore- mentioned offices. The number of incoming requisitions received was 7,079, and each of these were examined to see what must be ordered, either by direct purchase order, by requisitions to the Queen's Printer for stationery and printing, by requisitions to Public Works Department, and, in certain instances, by memoranda, and what can be supplied from stock. Many and varied details enter into the consideration and finalization of each requisition, and may involve telephone queries. - 24 - correspondence, customs clearance, and, where warranted, the calling of tenders. The majority of this work can be accomplished within a few days, but occasionally a requisition comes to hand which may take a lengthy period to complete. Of work and supply orders issued, direct purchase orders were the largest single group in the amount of 5,224. Queen »s Printer stationery requisitions totalled 1,043 and Queen's Printer printing requisitions, 350. Three hundred and fifty-four requisitions were issued to Public Works Department for various supplies and services. UNIFORMS The Department inaugurated the Uniform Project in 1947 and since that time officials in the districts are in full agreement that the wearing of the uniform by personnel, in close contact with the public, has been of great assistance to them in their work. The project has expanded greatly since its inception and now includes over 800 personnel. This continued expansion has necessitated the incorpora- tion of a rigid system in controlling all issues of clothing. The control is maintained by use of a detailed card system, on which are recorded all initial and replacement issues for each uniformed employee. Periods of wear for the various items of clothing have been set, with due consideration for the period of time an employee wears the uniform while performing his duties. The issues are graduated down from those in uniform for the full working period to those who use summer wear only, and protects the Department from unwarranted replacements. Uniformed Personnel are governed in the mode of attire by means of a booklet entitled MANUAL OF REGULATIONS AND SCALE OF ISSUE — the contents of which were derived from numerous information Circulars issued in the past several years. A copy is issued to each employee in uniform for his personal use. A Record Card is included in each booklet on which the employee is to record all issues of clothing. - 25 - The initial issue to personnel must be recommended by the District Forester concerned, and the employee's classification must be included in the eligible personnel listing. The District Forester must also satisfy himself that garments, considered by the individual to be in need of replacement, are genuinely past normal wear before submitting the necessary requisition to Head Office. The requisition is checked against the individual's record card, to ensure the entitlement before authorization is granted. DUPLICATING Work in this subsection continued to be as active and as varied as heretofore. New forms, circulars and reports were designed and reproduced, in the preparation of which the Vari-typer played an important pau't. New forms were completely designed and composed by the staff, and revision of several forms and reports was also undertaken. DISTRIBUTION OF EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES Activity in this subsection continued apace with niimerous and varied duties revolving around the primary charge of demand and supply. Over 5»500 items were listed on the stock records, and there was the constant supply from and replacement of these stores. There was also -the distribution, often involving collation, of bulletins, technical reports, circular letters, weekly news letter, Sylva Magazine, the Wall Fish Chart and various other items. Long-term goods, e.g., maps, printed forms, advertising materials, books, stationery, office and first aid supplies, made up the great bulk of the stock:. - 26 - As the present stockroom quarters are drastically over- crov;ded and far too small for the receipt, stocking and shipping, the newly-acquired commodious quarters at 160 Richmond Street West are expected to provide some assistance to the solution of the serious space problem which continues to plague this section. ISSUE OF LICENCES In this fiscal year there were approximately 30 various types of hunting, fishing, trapping and trap-line licences issued to licence agents and district offices throughout the province. Certain licences were also sent to issuers in the U.S.A. The quantities of these licences varied from 500 to 500,000. The number of licences prepared and checked for mailing and expressing totalled 1,120,654* an increase of about 65,400 over the previous year, and were forwarded in 11,427 parcels to the 2400 issuers. RECORDS Primary among the duties allocated to this section are the assembly, indexing and classifying of incoming correspondence for distribution, compilation of new files and recharging files. Incoming letters to the extent of 41,600 were received and 3,200 new files prepared. It is of interest to note that all mining claims, recorded in the province, are taken care of by the Records Office as the Department of Mines was originally a bureau in this department, and, since its inception as the Department of Mines in 1921, the mining claims have continued in the care of the Records Office. Lack of adequate office space continued to face this section, but it is hoped that relocation in larger quarters may be available in the next fiscal year. - 27 - BOAT LICENSING Considerable correspondence and contacts with various field offices and the Dominion Department of Transport are involved in this responsibility in the period under review. Forty-seven additional water craft were licensed, bringing the total to 782. OFFICE SPACE Despite the acquisition of certain space and internal relocations and adjustments, the urgent need for adequate office space remained unresolved. However, toward the end of the fiscal year, some alleviation was in sight for about 25,000 square feet, in the property at 160 Richmond Street West (the former Brigden Building), was released for the use of this department by the Public Works Department as new quarters for the stock and receiving rooms. The coimnencement of renovation and reconstruction was made in March, but it will be a few months before possession will be available. On completion, these larger quarters are expected to provide some relief for the stock and receiving sections which now occupy a most congested area. The release of the present stockroom quarters in the coming fiscal year will provide some measure of relief from overcrowded office quarters for one section of this division. SPECIAL ASSIGNMENTS Arrangements for accommodation, transportation, conferences and meetings, such as the midday meetings of the Forestry Advisory Committee and the weekly meetings of the Division Chiefs, were under- taken by this section. Supervision of the demolition of buildings on property in Algonquin Park continued in the care of this section. '.(BS-rH Sii&it Bii^ - 28 - CONSERVATION EDUCATIOK The ftinctions of this section are as follows t Conservation Educationt- Preparation of photographs, slides and 16 mm. motion picttire filjns for lecture purjioses. Maintaining photo library for use in publications. Supplying photo releases and matts to newspapers, periodicals and magazines. Distribution of conservation photo displays for use in schools. Supervision and recording of all public lectures by members of staff; lectures to schools, logging camps, summer camps, service clubs and church groups, fish and game associations, boys and girls groups and by radio and television. Supplying and maintaining films and projection equipment for all Districts. Producing a fifteen-minute weekly con- servation radio broadcast over station CaK.F.H* Exhibits t- Control of all Departmental exhibits Preparation of exhibit material for use throughout the Province. Photography t- Maintaining Departmental darkroom for photo processing. Maintaining photo library on all phases of Departmental activities. Preparing scripts and shooting 16 mm. motion films. Maintaining 35 mm. slide library. CONSERVATION EDUCATION SECTION Visual Education During the year the following titles were added to Head Office and Field film libraries: Accidents Don't Happen #7 The Beaver Makes a Comeback Birds of Canada, #1; Canoe Country Cargo ing and Loading Clean Waters Days of a Tree Design for Survival Dotible Your Money Through Trapping A Fish is Born Fire in the Forest First Aid, Major Wounds, Fractures and Burns The Flight Decision The Forest Grows The Forest Ranger Green Harvest Guiuiing the FJyways Heads Up High Over the Border Hook, Line and Safety Htinting With A Camera If You Took Your Family to Work The Jolifou Inn Life in a Drop of Water Michigan Deer Story Micro Movies Mighty Muskie Mission Muskie Nature's Half Acre No Longer Vanishing Operation - Fire Stop Out of the Smoke The Prairie Chicken in Missouri Romance of Transportation in Canada Saga of the Sockeye Shooting Safety Survival in the Bush Take Time and Live Then It Happened Ti-^JecUi Goes Lumbering Time and Terrain Tomorrow's Timber Tomorrow- We Hunt Trigger Happy Hariy Wealth in Wood Woodland Manners Word to the Wise World at Your Feet World in the Marsh Your Forest Heritage Three l6 ima sound projectors were purchased for replacement in the Field. Each District has its own projector and has access to District, Regional and Head Office film libraries. Films and projectors arc used by Departiacnt personnel for public lecturing and intra-departmental training. Four 35 mta projectors for slides were also added to our equipment. General During 1955-56 several hundred feet of motion picture film was used for depicting various i^iases of the Department's activities. The film was used for T. V. showings and for fillers in films being made by the Department for general distribution. Exhibits Conservation appeals were made to the public by means of some seventy-five exhibits and floats shown throughout the Province. The major exhibits are as followst Canadian National Exhibition Canadian National Sportsmen's Show Central Canada Exhibition International Plowing Match Lakehead Exhibition Northern Ontario Exhibition Royal Agricultural Winter Fair Other exhibits include Sportsmen's Shows, Agricultural Fairs, County Fairs and J^arades. Material for major exhibits is prepared aM displayed by this Section ai>d then sent out for use at other exhibits from our Toronto workshop. Permanent exhibits suitable for transporting are emphasized to make an optimum appeal across the Province. Radio Broadcasts Dtiring the past year this section has been responsible for the writing and broadcasting of a l5-minute programme "Conservation Corner" on Saturday night, over a Toronto station irtiich provided the time gratis. In addition, air time has been allotted to other officers of the Department by mar\y radio stations across the Province, a gesture idiich is much appreciated, particularly in periods of high fire hazard* 3 Lecture Tours Officers of the Department keep in constant touch with the public through Fish and Qauie Associations, Schools, Church groups. Service Clubs and Youth Organizations. Illustrated lectures arc given on all aspects of the Department's work, with particular emphasis on Forest Protection, Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Timber Management and Reforestation. The following table provides a stiiitraary of the public lectures delivered by Head Office and Field Staff during the fiscal year. N.B. - A summaiy of the lectiure toxirs which were carried out by the Canadian Forestry Association of Ontario during this same period is shoim below the Department figures. The conservation lecture activities of the C.F.A.O. are partially subsidized by this Department and much of their success is due to the financial assistance mentioned plus excellent co-operation from our field officers. REGION DISTRICT SCHOOL MEETINGS NO. ATTENDANCE PUBLIC MEETINGS NO. ATTENDANCE NO. TOTAL ATTENDANCE Western Kenora Fort Frances Siou:c Lookout 6 36 111 l81i 2003 1581 18 26 21 lOlli 2868 889 2li 62 35 1198 li871 2li70 Mid- Western Port Arthur Geraldton 36 23U3 3589 83 Ul 3292 2556 138 77 5635 6lli5 Central S. S. Marie Sudbury Chapleau Gogama White River 12 103 10 21 1 1352 9920 U32 lli07 51 39 58 lil 16 8 12720 3181 1892 626 869 51 161 51 37 9 1I1O72 13101 23 2U 2033 920 Northern Kapuskasing Swastika Cochrane 13 U2 25 2126 21^47 7131 1*7 30 16 5180 5300 873 60 72 hi 7306 77U7 8009 South - Central North Bay Parry Sound Pembroke 13li 88 98 10337 7110 14988 57 92 39 2907 5571 17)40 191 180 137 132UU I271U 6728 South - Eastern Lindsay Kemptville Tweed 2ii 65 19 1826 1828 37 k9 51 2lhO km 1832 61 lUi 70 3966 8589 3660 South - Western Lake Erie Lake Huron Lake Simcoe TOTALS Forestry Assoc iatio 9h lliO 7552 38I46 1I4009 199 122 312 lli785 6865 26I497 293 162 U52 22337 10711 U0506 1076 9051j0 lli02 10771^6 2li78 198286 Canadian n meetings J Lectures Attendanc€ 703 ! 56,39U Photography The Department's photographic library has over 10,000 8" x 10" black and iihite prints and approximately 1,000 35 vm colour slides, and includes a cut file section. Over li,500 Department photographs were loaned to outside publications during the year. These sets mostly consist of from six to twelve photographs telling a story on some phase of the Department's activities. A large number of single j^otograph requests vere also handled dxiring the year. Approximately 38,000 8" x 10" photographs were produced from our darkroom as veil as a large number of 35 mm slides and black and vhite prints. The services of the photographic library %rere open to all writers, editors, and reporters, as well as to the general public. Over 3,000 feet of 16 mm films were taken covering Forest Protection, Fish and Wildlife, Surveys and Engineering and other activities of the Department. CONSERVATION INFORMATION The efforts of this section were directed towards Informing the general public of the work of the Department, so as to secure their continued support for the main objectives of the Department which Is to protect from depletion and bring about the full development and utilization of the natural resources under Its administration In the best Interests of the people of Ontario. Publications The majority of our publications were prepared for the public although some publications were prepared for certain Departmental groups. The use of general publications saves considerable time In answering personal letters requesting specific Information, Most of the original writing is done by the staff of the Department, mainly by personnel of this section. During the year the following publications were published: General Minister's Annual Report in two parts: (l) Highlights (2) Detailed. SYLVA. Volume 11, No's. 2-6, Volume 12, No. 1. 6,000 copies of each issue of this magazine are now produced in order to meet increased demand. It is also interesting to note the increased use of articles and photographs from SYLVA by magazines and newspapers internationally. The American Association for Conservation Information awarded its plaque to SYLVA for the most outstanding contribution made during 195^ toward conservation education by any similar magazine on the North American Continent, Air Service Wings Over Ontario, Fish and Wildlife Condensed pocket size cards: (l) Open seasons: deer. 2) Open seasons: moose. Open seasons: migratory birds. Open seasons: upland game birds. Fish and Wildlife - cont'd. Game and Fisheries Act Summary of Fisheries Regulations Summary of Hunting Regulations Operation and Personnel List of Publications Ranger School Prospectus Camping Safety Booklet :i;-T' -^rf:? Parks Algonquin Park Booklet ?c- "^o Miscellaneous »'^p^' f: ''<■>! :Ui-:.ti Special envelopes for Sylva c Certificates for retiring personnel Publications Prepared but not published Administrative Chart (0 & P) Letter to Algonquin Park Angler (Research) Indians of Ontario (reprint) (General) p " . 2s;;<^T ...... ..V .d •,. ■\r'--:> Press The weekly news release "Conservation Corner" was Issued regularly to all newspapers In the Province, all radio stations, outdoor writers. Game and Fish Protective Associations, and a miscellaneous list of Interested conservation- ists and house organs. It approximates 2,000 to 2,500 words per issue and consists, for the most part, of reports on Departmental activities, changes in the Acts relating to Game and Fisheries, open seasons for hunting, fishing and trapping, and conservation appeals for the protection of resources. This release serves a most useful purpose, and its acceptibility rating is continuing to Increase. Extensive use of News Release material is made by outdoor writers in their columns in newspapers and sports and outdoors magazines on both sides of the border. Many newspapers used raatts provided by the section to illustrate News Release Articles of special interest^ In addition to the regular news release, a number of press releases of urgent Importance were issued to the metropolitan dailies and to the wire services. Our clipping file contains over 400 individual files, with an estimate of more than 30,000 clippings per year. Articles A great many articles were provided to newspapers issuing special editions and conslderaole assistance given to writers seeking information for feature articles. Advertisements Copy was supplied for 55 display advertisements In magazines and news- papers during the year. They varied from one-quarter page to full page advertisements, mostly in black and white with art work or photos. Each stressed the need for public co-operation in preventing forest fires and the conservation of land, water, forests, wildlife and forest resources. Admin- istrative advertisements totalling 99 were also inserted in newspapers throughout the Province, These dealt with timber sales and crown lands. Posters The following posters were produced: Nature Trails - Algonquin Park Sibley Park Extract from Fishery Regulations Experiments were continued In the use of plastic coated signs in order to produce a more satisfactory poster. Correspondence Routine requests for information or publications were handled during the year. The volume of requests for information regarding the work of the Department, the recreational facilities of the Province and its renewable resources is rapidly Increasing. These requests come from adults and students not only in Canada and the United States but from many parts of the world. These are in addition to a large number of requests for information requiring considerable research. Over 8,400 requests were handled. Personal Enquiries The Section also handled a large number of telephone calls dally and Interviewed a considerable number of callers seeking first hand information or publications. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS FOR DISTRIBUTION ACCOUNTS Accounting for Logging Operations AIR SERVICE Wings Over Ontario PISH AND WILDLIFE The Game & Fisheries Act & Regulations Summary of the Fisheries Regulations Extract from Fisheries Regulations (poster) Summary of the Hunting Regulations Pish & Wildlife Management in Ontario Pur Farming in Ontario Prairie Chickens in Ontario The Bob White Quail in Ontario Aerial Censusing of Moose at Black Bay Peninsula Population Studies of Ring-Necked Pheasants on Pelee Island* •• •.$2«00 Chart of Ontario Sport Fishes in Colour $1.00 FOREST PROTECTION Forest Fires Prevention Act and Regulations Forest Protection in Ontario Technical Bulletins (a) Aerial Water Bombing (b) Aerial Cargo Dropping (c) Aerial Ground Hailer (d) Aerial Estimator (e) Pack Tractor LANDS Lands for Settlement in Ontario Summer Resort Lands in Ontario Sudbury Forest District cont'd.. ••• 4 LANDS cont'd. Kenora Forest District Port Frances Forest District North Bay Forest District LAW Complete set of 21 Acts administered by Department (without binders) «*o* •$5,00 Law Enforcement Guide & Related Subjects PARKS Algonquin Park REFORESTATION Reforestation in Ontario Planning for Tree Planting Care and Planting of Forest Trees Forest Trees of Ontario, . ,,»,o«». ••50 cents The Farm Wood lot Forest Tree Planting RESEARCH Forest Research in Ontario Bird Population Studies during a Spruce Budworm Outbreak Forest Spraying and Some Effects of DDT Bibliography of Canadian Biological Publications 19^6 A Letter to Algonquin Park Anglers Pollution of the Spanish River Planting Depths and Methods Experiments Report of the Laboratory for Experimental Limnology SURVEYS AND ENGINEERING List of Geographical Townships in Ontario •• 25 cents List of Water Powers in Ontario,. »*. ••••..#••••••••••. •••75 cents List of Lithographed Maps & Plans Ontario Surveys and the Land Surveyor Extracts from I^kes & Rivers Improvement Act as pertaining to Construction, Repair and User of Dams TIMBER MANAGEMENT Systems of Forest Cropping Manual of Scaling Instructions Timber Management Manual: Fart II - Timber Estimating (Field Work) 50 cents Part III - Timber Estimating (Compilations) 50 cents Part IV - Timber Marking for Special Cutting Operations. 50 cents Ontario Log Rule - - Crown Timber Act & Regulations Made Thereunder Timber Management in Ontario Reports of Forest Resources Inventory: Nool North Bay District No. 2 Swastika District No. 3 Cochrane District No. 4 Kapuskasing District No. 5 Geraldton District ,.f. . . No, 6 Port Arthur District " ' ' • No. 7 Algonquin District No. 8 Parry Sound District No. 9 White River District No. 10 Sudbury District No. 11 Sault Ste. Marie District No. 12 Chapleau District No. 13 Gogama District No,l4 Fort Frances District No. 15 Kenora District No, 16 Sioux Lookout District GENERAL Algonquin Story $2 . 00 Administrative Chart Annual Report of the Minister of Lands and Forests: Part 1: Detailed Part II: Highlights Definitions of Important Branches of Forestry The Forest Tent Caterpillar in Ontario Ontario Resources Atlas $1,00 Camping Safety Folder SYLVA, Your Lands and Forests Review, bi-monthly. ,,.,,$1.50 per year SYLVA Index, Volume 1-10 inclusive Statistical Reference of Lands and Forests Administration Coloured Chart "Sport Fishes of Ontario" $1.00 SECTION NO. 8 DIVISION of PARKS % DIVISION OF PARKS The survey of the Province, which was started in 1954, vras continued in order to locate, assess and recommend for acquisi- tion or reservation, potential park properties. Emphasis v/as placed upon the densely populated portion of Southern Ontario. As a result of the survey, properties were either reserved by the Department of Lands and Forests, or acquired through the Department of Public Works. Regulations were prepared for the establishment of many of these properties as Provincial Parks. Master plans for the development of these areas were prepared by technical personnel. In January, 1955* a committee of four district foresters was set up to inspect approximately 90 Department of Highways parks and campsites, and recommend transfer to the Department of Lands and Forests, Of the 90 properties inspected, 45 were recommended for transfer to this Department and necessary negotiations were opened. As of March 31st, 1956, the following Provincial Parks were in existence: Algonquin 2,750 sq. miles Established I893 Rondeau 8 ''" " " 1897 Quetico 1,795 " " " 1913 Long Point 126 acres " 1920 Presqu'ile 420 " " 1921 Ipperwash I09 " " 1937 Superior 54o sq, miles " 1944 Sibley 53 "^ " " 1944 Mark S. Burnham 102 acres " 1955 In addition, 112 properties were acquired or reserved and regulations were prepared for the designation of 58 of these properties as Provincial Parks. Nominal charges were made for the following: 1. The use of major camping areas in Algonquin, Rondeau and Ipperwash Provincial Parks. 2. Commercial boat licenses in Algonquin and Quetico Provincial Parks, 3. Non-resident guide permits in Quetico Provincial Park. - 1 - Travel by aircraft into Algonquin and Quetico Provincial Parks was restricted to certain airports located within or near the park boundaries and licensed in cooperation with the Federal Department of Transport. The policy of acquiring leasehold properties in Algonquin Provincial Park was continued. To date, 46 private and commercial properties have been returned to the Crown. In cooperation with the Department of Reform Institutions, labour personnel were made available for work in Provincial Parks, In seven districts, 124 individuals worked on eight improvement projects. In addition, personnel of three reform institutions manufactured 2,000 picnic tables, 1,500 fireplace grills and 750 boat tag licenses for use in Provincial Parks, The preparation of a colour brochure describing the Provincial Parks was continued, and will be available in 1957 • Interpretive Programmes were continued in Algonquin, Rondeau and Sibley Provincial Parks. These programmes, consisting of museum displays, labelled nature trails, conducted hikes, illustrated talks and children's camp programmes, are designed to interpret the natural environment and the historical significance of the park area to the visiting public. Emphasis is placed upon the purpose and importance of parks, and upon the forests, waters and wildlife found in the parks. Visitors gain an insight through these educational and recreational programmes into the environment in which they have elected to spend their holidays. They become familiar with the various plant and tree species and learn a little of the forms of wildlife. Topics dealt with on hikes and in lectures stress wildlife management, forest protection, conservation, importance of predators, and the relationships of plants and animals to themselves and their environ- ment. Algonquin Park, which has had an Interpretive Programme since 19^4, has a permanent museum building. Displays include live fish, amphibians, reptiles, mounted birds and mammals. Displays of a similar nature in Rondeau and Sibley Parks are kept in temporary quarters. The follov/ing table shows the attendances and activities for all three programmes: Museum Registration Days Open Conducted Hike Attendance Number of Conducted Hikes Nature Trail Registration N\jmber of Trails Afternoon Lecture Attendance Number of Afternoon Lectures Evening Lecture Attendance Number of Evening Lectures Children's Camp Programme Attendance Number of Camp Programmes Special Groups Programme Attendance Number of Special Groups Programmes Camp Natioralist Awards Algonquin Rondeau Sibley Park Park 5,^92 Park 66,706 3,113 114 51 78 1,339 301 303 28 26 21 24,439 614 335 4 3 2 3,160 69 2,696 176 461 28 9 9 J 1,135 31? 9 8 442 121 8 2 183 SECTION NO. 9 DIVISION of REFORESTATION ANNUAL REPORT Part 1 ~ Detailed DIVISION OF REFORESTATION Year ended March 31, 1956 The Division of Reforestation furnished a total of 23,351,4^3 units of nursery stock for all purposes during the year. This is nearly three million more than in any previous year. Land was acquired and a new nursery is being established near Englehart. Targets for production of nursery stock vrere maintained at 30 million trees annually. As the demands for nursery stock are greatly in excess of supplies, plans have been made to establish additional nurseries and to increase production targets next year by 25% to a total of 40 million trees annually. There were 7,757,^59 trees planted on Crown lands during the year, an increase of approximately one and one-half million over the number planted in the last year. Plans have been made to increase this work as additional nursery stock becomes available. The number of acres of forest lands managed for counties, townships and conservation authorities having agreements with the Minister under Section 2 of The Forestry Act increased from a total of 110,8SS.5S to 119,044.50 acres during the year. 4,199,075 trees were planted on these lands during the year. The number of requests received from private landowners for advice in planning and carrying out reforestation and woodlot management work continued to increase. Every effort has been made to meet these requests by supplying general information in the form of pamphlets and bulletins but additional staff is required if we are to give "on the spot" advice and plans to satisfy the needs for these services. There were 16,254,270 trees furnished to private landowners for planting during the year. This is nearly two million more than in any previous year. . Members of staff assisted the Tree Farm Movement with organizing tree farm committees, inspecting and recommending tree farms for certification. They also assisted vd.th organizing 4-H Forestry Clubs, instructing members in forestry work, and judging projects entered in forestry-club competitions. Similar co- operation has been extended to numerous other organizations interested in forestry work. The Trees Act authorizes counties, and tovmships in unorganized areas, to pass by-laws to restrict and regulate the destruction of trees by cutting, burning or other means. By-laws for this purpose have been passed and are in force in the Counties of Brant, Bruce, Dufferin, Durham, Elgin, Grenville, Grey, Haldimand, Halton, Huron, Lambton, Leeds, Lincoln, Middlesex, Norfolk, North- umberland, Oxford, Peel, Perth, Waterloo, Welland, Wellington, Wentworth, and the Township of Brunei. Summary of Dispositions of Nursery Stock April 1, 1955 to March 31, 1956 Planted on lands vested in Her Majesty in right of Ontario 7,757,^59 Planted on County, Township and Conservation Authority Forests managed by the Minister 4,199,075 Furnished in respect of Private Lands 16,254,270 Furnished for Educational and Scientific purposes 52,454 Miscellany Departmental exhibits, etc • S5,495 Balance - Stored at planting sites, etc 2.330 Total 23,351,483 Trees planted on lands vested in Her Majesty in right of Ontario Administrative District and pro.lect Trees Aylmer District: Malahide Township 45 Ontario Forest Station - St. V/illiams 30,500 Niagara Provincial Parks Forests 4,000 Long Point Provincial Park Forests 1,000 King's Highways 33.251 Chapleau District: De Gaulle Toivnship Panet Township Stover Township L Township 13 G Toxmship Cochrane District: Calder Tovmship Calvert Township English Township Glackmeyer Township Leitch Township Sheraton Township 306,000 217,040 40,000 6,000 3.000 17,000 2,000 10,000 12 13,500 442,750 6S,796 572,040 490,262 Fort Frances: Burriss Township Fort Frances Township Rovre Township Unsurveyed - Sand Plain Area S-105 {OBI) Unsurveyed - Glenorchy Area (P&E) 77,500 50 5,000 10,000 2.000 94,550 Geraldton District: Ashmore To^^mship 25 Colter Tovmship 3,000 Pic Township 12,000 Carajnat School Plantation 1,500 Stevens School Plantation 1,500 IS, 025 Gogama District: Noble Township 3,066 3,066 Hespeler District: King's Highways 43,010 Ontario Agricultural College - Guelph 1,500 Ontario School for the Blind - Brantford 6S Ontario Reformatory - Guelph 5,200 Burtch Industrial Farm - Brantford 1,250 Girls Training School - Gait 300 51, 3 2^ Kapuskasing District: Stoddart Township 9^,700 Studholjne Township 124,300 King's Highv;ays 2.000 225,000 Kemptville District: Ontario Forest Station - Kemptville 17,500 Ontario Industrial Farm - Rideau 33,S00 Ontario Hospital School - Smiths Falls 30,000 King's Highways 1-470 82,770 Kenora District: Jaffray Tovraship 10,000 Redditt Township 6,000 Unsiirveyed - West of Dewan Township 53,500 Unsurveyed - Three Islands East of Bell Island - liake of the Woods 1,000 Lake of the Woods Concession 70,150 Patricia Concession 3.000 143»650 Lindsay District: Apsley Township 25 Brighton Township ^40 Burleigh Township 75,000 Emily Township 1,000 Galvray Township 100,000 Glamorgan Township 4,S25 Haliburton Township 415 Methuen Township 250,000 King's Highways 64.650 496,755 Maple District: Baxter Township 115,000 East Gwillimbury Township • 19,176 Essa Township 2,197 Matchedash Township 160,000 Vaughan Township 2^,000 Vespra Township 8,375 Wood Township 200,000 King's Highways 42,536 Ontario Hospital - Aurora 13,000 Brampton Reformatory 1.400 594,734 North Bay District: Calvin Township 452 French Tovmship 240,000 Joan Township 75,000 Latchford Township 105,000 Tiauder Township 1,500 Mulock Township 22,000 Papineau Township 100 Strathy Township 2,000 Widdifield Township 61 King's Highways 11.^75 457.938 Parry Sound District: Armour Township 94 Ballantyne Township 169,675 Blair Township 32d,675 Chisholm Township ia,900 Henvey Township (Island Number D-212 and D-213) 550 Iiaiirier Township 54,325 Machar Township 161,900 Mowat Township 303,400 Peck Township 1,000 Shawanaga Township 3,300 South Himsworth Township 10.675 1.052.994 Pembroke Districts Bower Township 475,000 Bums Township 14,000 Cameron Township 10,000 Guthrie Township 7,500 Lauder Township 10,000 Maria Township 25,600 Petawawa Township 1,000 Sabine Township 502.400 1,045,500 Port Arthur District: Ontario Forest Station - Fort William 51,675 . Black Sturgeon Lake Ranger Headquarters 1,325 Dorion Fish Hatchery- 24 Adrian Township 40,000 Gorham Township 6,000 Lybster Township 15,000 Marks Township 20,000 Mclntyre Toimship 125 Paipoonge Township 250 Sibley Township 30,000 Unsurveyed - (Abitibi Camp 34) 1.000 167,599 Ranger Schools Hindon Township 4,375 Rideout Township 1,500 Sherborne Township 2,000 Stanhope Township 2.625 10,500 Sault Ste. Marie District: Cobden Tovmship 1CX),000 KirkwDod Township 3,000 Rose Township 100,000 Tarentorus Township 20,000 Wells Township 16,000 4D Township 65,000 4E Township 60,000 4F Township 25,000 5D Township 375,000 King's Highways 110.000 674,000 SioiLX Lookout District: Dome Township 1,500 Drayton Township 500 Red Lake Management Unit (Two Island Lake) 6,500 Patricia Concession (O&M) 50,000 Auden Concession (T. B. Concession A-1) 500 61,000 Sudbury District: Aylmer Township 50,000 Bigwood Township 312 Burwash Township 36,500 Hallam Township 1,000 Laura Township 3,500 Merritt Township 42,000 Nairn Township 15,000 Secord Township 600 Servos Township 10,000 Shakespeare Township 3.000 161,912 Swastika District: Beauchamp Township 192,500 Bryce Township 75, BOO Burt Township 25,000 Cane Township 25,600 Evanturel Township 20,000 Nordica Township 132,000 Teck Township 350 King»s Highways 250 471,500 Tweed District: Anglesea Township 100,000 Blithfield Township 2,000 Dungannon Toimship 121,000 Faraday Township 20,500 Mayo Township b^isXiu. go 000 McClure Township 145,000 Sandbanks Forest ii-ii 22 700 Tudor Township 97 300 King's Highways 1,465 Ontario School for the Deaf - Belleville 300 590,265 vniite River District: Hunt Township 525 29 Township 1 100 Unsurveyed - Black River Concession 22.000 23.625 Total 7,757,359 10 Trees planted on County, Township and Conservation Authority forests managed by the Minister County Trees Bruce 215,000 Dufferin 3,000 Grey 134,400 Halton 37,300 Huron 14,220 „,,., ♦ . Kent 7,200 Lanark 5S,750 Leeds and Grenville 155,000 Lennox and Addington 3,600 Middlesex 22,600 Northumberland and Durham 250,100 Ontario IS, 400 Oxford 43,650 Prescott and Russell 1,2S9,825 Renfrew 21,400 Simcoe 401,750 Stormont, Dxindas and Glengarry 65,300 Victoria 29,000 Waterloo 61,500 Wentworth 165,300 York 95.900 3,113,195 TownshiD Cumberland 14,000 Torbolton 12?.7?0 139,750 11 Conservation Authority Ausable Forest 51,150 Big Creek Forest 6,500 Ganaraska Forest 321,600 Grand Forest 69,400 Htanber Forest 74,500 Middle Maitland Forest 11,760 Moira Forest 103,000 Napanee Forest 20,000 Saugeen Forest 137,000 Thames Forest 129.000 9^6, 1?0 Total 4,199,075 12 Trees furnished in respect of Private land County or District Trees Algoma 271,350 Brant 166,675 Bruce 190,150 Carleton 155,675 Cochrane 13,700 Dufferin ^90,575 Dundas 49,650 Durham 1,55^,125 Elgin 230,375 Essex 45,925 Front enac 76,^50 Glengarry 19,050 Grenville 51,575 Grey 6^7,950 Haldimand 57,050 Hal i burton 161,250 Halton 275,200 Hastings 390,900 Huron 314,695 Kenora 9,950 Kent 131,975 Lambton 118,625 Irfjnarfc 177,425 Leeds 58,700 Lennox and Addington 60,500 Lincoln 57,800 Manitoiilin 269,600 Middlesex 192,725 Muskoka 799,300 Nipissing 242,125 13 Norfolk 234,^00 Northumberland 5^^ , ^25 Ontario 635,375 Oxford 19^,100 Parry Sound 1,0^5,300 Peel 333,300 Perth 104,325 Peterborough 290,900 Prescott 52,625 Prince Edward 25,400 Rainy River 7,275 Renfrew 330,600 Russell 16,375 Simcoe 1,964,500 Stormont 6,575 Sudbury 96,125 Timiskaming 32,100 Thunder Bay 254,600 Victoria 150,175 Waterloo 250,975 Welland 106,675 Wellington 647,625 Wentworth 313,200 York 797i775 Total 16,254,270 14 NURSERY STOCK FURNISHED EACH YEAR 1946 TO 1956 Year Units 1946 13,175,575 1947 12,269,533 194s 13,049,776 1949 17,700,970 1950 19,027,307 1951-52 20,749,268 1952-53 24,241,754 1953-54 23,447,860 1954-55 25,519,383 1955-56 28,351.483 Total 197,533,409 15 County Forests March 31, 1956 Acres Brant 50.00 Bruce 14,477.35 Dufferin 2,042.00 Grey 6, 668. OS Halton 1,545.63 Huron 1,339.00 Kent 100.00 Lanark 2,100.00 Leeds & Grenville 5,1^5.00 Lennox & Addington 7^6.00 Middlesex 2^0.00 Northumberland & Durham 4,^65.00 Ontario 1,553.00 Oxford 733.00 Prescott & Russell 22,008.91 Renfrew 221.00 Siracoe 14,722.10 Stormont, Dundas & Glengarry 1,706.45 Victoria 7,045.00 Waterloo * 5^3.00 Wentworth 760.00 York ^,^^^.99 Total 92,356.51 16 Tovmship Forests March 31, 1956 Acres Bonfield 60,00 Cumberland SOS. 44 Galway 100.00 Marlborough 200.00 Torbolton 430. SO Total 1,599.24 17 Conservation Authorities March 3^-, 1956 Acres Ausable 1,406.00 Big Creek 1,441.00 Ganaraska 6,836.00 Grand 2,043.00 Humber 1,022.00 Middle Maitland 250.00 Moira 3,079.00 Napanee 2,281.00 Saugeen 4,221.00 Upper Thames 2.509.75 Total 25,088.75 18 SECTION NO. 10 DIVISION of RESEARCH DIVISION OF RESEARCH GENERAL INTRODUCTION In summary of the research work of the past year, several of the projects have been selected for comment. In the silvl cultural projects established in the past five years, the first steps were concerned with observations and surveys to assess the deterrent factors affecting regeneration of the commercially important tree species. The second phase was experimental cuttings to offset these deterrents; and the third, commencing in 1953, has been the evaluation of the results of these cuttings. Among these, silvicultural treatments of yellow birch have been effective in im- proving germination, survival and height growth. In south-western Ontario, ex- periments have been concentrated on the use of silvicides as thinning tools. Field work in the classification of forest sites during the past year covered approximately 6, 900 square miles, while preliminary maps covering 3, 000 square miles were made. This work was done in the Algonquin Park, Haliburton, Sault Ste. Marie and Cochrane areas. Detailed physiographic maps were finalized for experimental work in wildlife and forestry in Algonquin Park and North Superior Shore areas. In the white pine tree breeding program, a new method called bare-root grafting was tried with great success. In aspen poplars, a new method of raising seedlings was produced. Several large test plantations of favoured aspen poplar hybrids were established by pulpwood companies. In reforestation research, the report published in 1955, "Inventory of Nursery Stock", should give Departmental nurserymen sufficient technical guidance to prepare inventories within the accuracies required. A major portion of the effort in mechanical research was expended on further improvements to, and testing of, a continuous-process conifer leaf still which was built in the previous year. In fisheries research the Division co-operated with the federal govern- - 1 - ment and the Canada- United States Great Lakes Fishery Commission in measures to control the sea lamprey invasion of the Great Lakes. Recent studies have given most definite indications that the abundance of smallmouth bass is dependent on water temperatures during the hatching year; not on the number of spawning fish. The major activity in physics research continued to be a study of the physical characteristics of the Great Lakes. Monthly synoptic surveys similar to those conducted previously in Lake Huron and Georgian Bay were made in Lake Erie, in co-operation with United States agencies. Smaller-scale surveys were made also in Lake Ontario and Lake Simcoe. The most important undertaking in wildlife research was the experimental study of methods of censusing moose from the air, carried out during the winter in central Ontario. The availability of a helicopter made possible the first accurate checks of census figures collected by observers in Beaver aircraft. Investigations of beaver, formerly confined to the summer season, were expanded to cover the full year, making winter trapping operations possible. Mathematical statistics is steadily assuming a more important place in the work of the department. The services in mathematical design and analysis provided by the competent statistician who has been employed by the department for the past eight years has greatly improved and accelerated research experi- mentation. The next forward step will be the greater use of machine computation, as delays in analyzing data are no longer permissible. More detailed accounts are given of the foregoing and other projects in the text in the following pages. One of the most important functions of the Division of Research is to obtain the greatest possible co-operation from other research agencies which are attempting to solve the problems of resource management in Ontario. While a number of formal agreements are effective between the Research Division and federal government and other agencies, it is necessary that joint committees constantly review programs. 2 SILVICULTURE AND SITE In the fiscal year 1955-56, the Southern Research Station team of specialists in silviculture and site research were engaged mainly in projects already established and described in previous reports. The silvicultural program suffered losses through the resignation of two of its members. One left at the beginning of the field season, and the other remained until September. For the remainder of the year, one man carried on in both his own field of mensuration and that of forest regeneration. Three members of the section continued to carry on the extensive pro- gram of site investigations. A photogrammetrist and his assistant were responsible for the pre- paration of maps and charts for reports, and provided other services in addition to their main functions in photogrammetry and draughting. Research in the Petawawa Management Unit Only the annual maintenance operations were carried out this year. These included (a) the measurement of local climate and the tally of seedling and subordinate vegetation in the ecological experiments, and (b) the estimate of damage in the following experiments:- (i) release of pine from overtopping hardwoods, (ii) thinnings in white and red pine, and (iii) regeneration cuttings in pure white and red pine stands. Site Research in the Yellow Birch-Hard Maple-White Pine Region The field work in this region consisted mainly of the extension of the landtype mapping program and the assessment of site productivity. One forester, working in the Haliburton- Algonquin Upland region covered 3, 900 square miles during an eight weeks' field season and mapped the east Denbigh and east Kaladar map sheets. Another forester covered approx- imately 3, 000 square miles in the Sault Ste. Marie district during a fourteen weeks' field season which included a training and familiarization program in addition to the work program. During the winter, the first forester mapped the Combermere map area and adjoining areas totalling 1, 800 square miles, and during approximately the same period the second forester mapped approximately 1, 200 square miles. In addition to mapping landtypes, the site research staff compiled in- formation regarding (1) the potential productivity of the sites which make up each of the major landtypes of the region, and (2) the ecological interrelation- ships of soil, climate and forest which control forest productivity of each major landtype. This information is being incorporated in a publication, "A Guide to the Site of the Middle Ottawa River-Georgian Bay Region". The Reforestation-Research Co-operative Program A forester who had previously concentrated on forest mensuration, spent a large percentage of his time assisting in the designing of experiments and assess- ing results in broad- scale reforestation projects. The chief of these was the plantation assessment program on shallow soils in the Lindsay district. A re- port of the co-operative underplanting and release experiment in the Petawawa Management Unit has been presented in Section Report (Forestry) No. 10. Site Research in the Wildlife Research Area, Algonquin Park A map of the physiographic sites of the area was finalized with a key. A short report will be written next year. Cull Inventory Co-operation Training and direction in site classification were given to the two party leaders working on cull inventory in the Haliburton region under the direction of a member of the Division of Timber Management. The sites were grouped to facilitate a study of the relationships between site conditions and the incidence of cull in hardwood in the South-Central and South-Eastern administrative regions. Assessment of Treatment Results in Stand Improvement Practice One member of the section assisted the resident research forester in various phases of the work carried on in the South-Central region. Jack Pine Regeneration Investigation in the Engl chart Management Unit The area was selected, surveyed, and plots were laid out. Prelimin- ary cruises of the stand, lesser vegetation, and site, have been completed. Most of the work was done by foresters in the district with some assistance from the Southern Research Station team. Co-operative Experiment at Heron Bay, Ontario, R. C. -17 The forester in this section who served as the technical director visited the area in the capacity of consultant on several occasions. Another member of the team made a revision of the landtype map and wrote an accompanying report. Greenhouse Research The investigation of the causes of compression wood on white pine has now been completed and a report by Dr. D. R. M. Scott for publication in the journal "Forest Science" has been submitted. Meetings, Consultations and Publications The North-Eastern Forest Soils Conference met in Ontario under the chairmanship of Mr. G. A. HiUs. The N. E. F. S. C. is an organization of foresters and soil specialists which holds informal meetings to discuss mutual problems. Originally composed of workers in the north-eastern United States, the organization has been expanded to include Canadians. Considerable time was spent in the field, by both the site specialists and silviculturalists preparing for the presentation of the Ontario approach to site classification. FOREST TREE BREEDING Breeding work with white pine, aspen poplars and two-needled pines were the main projects. Some work with chestnut was started. White Pine A co-operative seed- source study, covering the entire range of eastern white pine, was organized with four forest experiment stations in the United States. Seeds from three localities in Canada were collected for tkis study and distributed to the other stations. The acquisition of new materials comprised 76 clones of eastern and western white pine, and three population samples of the latter species. Scions from young trees, resistant to blister-rust, were grafted on young planted stock at Dorset, Ontario, to make the plantation resistant to this disease in the future. Successful methods of fall grafting outside and of bare- root grafting in the spring were worked out and put into use. Forty-two inter- specific crosses out of 62 made in 1954 yielded viable seeds. Thirty-three new such crosses were made in 1955, Hybrid seedlings resulting from several crosses made in previous years showed very high resistance to blister rust in this year's inoculation tests, as compared with native white pine. Hybrids of our native species with Balkan white pine seem especially promising in this res- pect. Aspen Poplars The production of aspen-like hybrids, suitable for planting in southern Ontario and easy to propagate from stem cuttings, is the chief aim of this project. By means of exchange with other poplar breeders and through our own collections, 62 new clones and three populations have been obtained. In breeding for industrial use, 37 new hybrid populations were produced. Of these, several made with aspen pollen from southern Europe showed outstanding vigour. Pollen of silver poplar was also received from southern Europe and used in several promising new hybrid combinations. In breeding for early flowering to produce dwarfing stock for the grafting of breeding materials, five new hybrid populations were ob- tained. In breeding for rooting ability from stem cuttings, it was found possible to cross silver poplar with western Cottonwood and to produce a second generation progeny of silver poplar-aspen hybrids. The new method of aspen seedling pro- duction developed in the nursery in 1954 was modified and considerably improved. A successful method of bench -grafting of aspen hybrids was worked out. TTie establishment of poplar test plantations in co-operation with several wood-using industries was continued and considerably expanded. Attempts at pollen fractionation of aspens, with the aim of separating giant pollen grains for the production of extremely vigorous hybrids, were started in co-operation with the National Research Council. Two-needled Pines The aim is the production of new types of hard pine, resistant to the European shoot moth and suitable for planting in southern Ontario, in areas where attacks by this insect make the growing of hard pines extremely difficult. To this end, four crosses with Asiatic pine species were made in 1953 which pro- duced hybrid seedlings, and six crosses were made in 1954 yielding seemingly viable seeds. Nine new crosses were made in 1955. Crosses of Japanese red pine with species of the Austrian pine group have thus far yielded the most promising hybrids. Pollen of Japanese black pine, a species showing high resistance to the shoot moth, was obtained for further hybridization work. An experiment in partial girdling of young planted red pine, to induce early flowering was started in 1947 and is now yielding results of significance to this breeding project. An experiment in phloem inversion, also with the aim of early flower production in hard pines, was started in 1955. Chestnut A sweet chestnut breeding project was started in 1955. The aim is to produce hardy dwarf chestnuts resistant to blight. Such materials could be used as dwarfing stocks in a breeding program with timber-type chestnuts and directly as fruit trees for small gardens. Seedlings of native chestnut, represent- ing progenies of trees free from blight under conditions of severe infection, were obtained from a nursery in British Columbia. Seeds of several strains of dwarf chestnut were also obtained for further testing and breeding work at the Southern Research Station. REFORESTATION Nursery Stock Inventory In co-operation with the Statistics Section of the Division, Research Re- port No. 33 entitled "Inventory of Nursery Stock", was prepared to present our findings and recommendations on this problem. This report was distributed to all foresters in the Department, to the nurseries, to universities, other research stations, outside nurseries, etc. , because of the information contained in the general field of sampling techniques. It is believed now that our nurseries have sufficient technical guidance to be able to prepare inventories within the accuracies required. Nursery Stock Packaging In the spring of 1955, an experiment was conducted at the Kemptville Nursery and at Larose Forest to study the moisture retaining material in bales of nursery stock. A report of the experiment was prepared and published as Research Report No. 34. The report showed that poplar excelsior was as effective as sphagnum moss (and about half the price) in retaining the viability of stock stored in bales for periods up to four weeks. Straw Fumigation Experiment In the fall of 1954, an experiment was established at the Orono Nursery to study the effectiveness of steam and MC2 treatments of straw used as seed bed mulch, in killing weed and grain seeds. Counts were made in 1955 of the numbers of weeds, and a report prepared and mimeographed for distribution to the nurseries of the Department. Culling and Grading of Nursery Stock The third and final planting of white spruce, both shippable and cull, from the Orono, Midhurst and St. Williams Nurseries was made in the fall of 1955. A count of mortality of the 1954 planting was taken. In co-operation with the Statistics Section, study was continued of the results of the survival of the 1953 planting, in an effort to correlate survival with the six measure- ments taken of.every tree. This computation work, assisted by IBM comp- tometry systems, will continue for some time. It is not proposed to proceed with studies of other species until the results of this experiment are fully understood. Root and Top Pruning Treatments of White Spruce In the sprir^ of 1955, an experiment was established near Powassan, with 2-2 white spruce from the Midhurst Nursery. This material had been given several degrees of single and repeated root and top prunings during the previous year. At the time of planting, a further treatment with a commercial rooting hormone was introduced. The effect of these treatments upon survival was obtained in a count taken in the fall of 1955, but effect upon growth will not be obtainable for a few years. An interim report on the effects on survival is planned for 1956. Polyethylene Packaging Experiment In the spring of 1955, a small experiment was planted in Algonquin Park to compare Burlap, Kraft, and Polyethylene as the wrapping materials for bales of nursery stock. Unfortunately the extremely dry weather of the summer caused almost complete mortality and no results were obtainable from the plant- ing. It is planned to repeat this experiment, with some modifications, in 1956. Planting Methods Experiment In the fall of 1955, an experiment to study four methods of hand planting of seedling stock was started near Algonquin Park, in co-operation with the Re- forestation Supervisor, Pembroke. The rest of the experiment will be planted in the spring of 1956. No data on survival will be available until the fall of 1956. Seed Bed Mulch Experiment A small experiment was started in the fall of 1955 at the Orono and Midhurst Nurseries to study the use of mulches which can be permanently left on the seed bed in comparison with the usual rye straw which must be removed each spring. Duneman Stock Experiment In co-operation with the Forest Pathology Laboratory, Maple, a small experimental planting has been established at the Ganaraska Forest to compare 2-0 white pine, red pine and white spruce produced by the Duneman process at the Orono Nursery, with 2-1 and 2-2 stock of the same species. REGIONAL RESEARCH FORESTERS MID-WESTERN REGION Research activities in the 1955-56 fiscal year were focused on the re- generation, both natural and artificial, of the commercially important conifer species of this area in the silvicultural field and on the preparation of a correlated program of forest research in the co-ordination field. Some positive and encouraging results can be reported from our efforts in the cutting methods, seeding and planting work. In the co-ordination phase of the work, it is difficult to report what degree of success has been attained because of the indirect methods of co-ordination we are using. It is felt, though, that some positive progress has been made in fostering a spirit of co-operation 10 among all agencies. Silvicultural Research Cutting Methods 1. Studies were continued on the effects of normal operating procedures and modifications to these normal procedures on the regeneration conditions on a variety of forest cover types. The study plots on the limits of the Abitibi Power and Paper Company and the Great Lakes Paper Company were re-examined. Encouraging results were obtained towards increasing white spruce re- generation in one of the logging modifications in which the ground around white spruce, left as seed trees, was mechanically scarified. 2. Active co-operation was rendered the Division of Timber Management in their program of applying, on a trial basis, any recommended modifications in cutting practices. Seeding 1. The search for a simple, efficient seed protector against rodents was con- tinued. A trial including deep hole seeding, seeding in wire cages, seeding under wire mesh, and seeding under inverted waxed cups of three sizes was es- tablished for four conifer species. Preliminary results, after one growing season, for the cup procedure show promise but additional study is necessary. 2, In co-operation with the Marathon Corporation, a large scale practical testing of the Brohm Hand Seeder was established. Manual scalping and seeding with naked jack pine at five feet and less spacing, a crew of nine men averaged 1.8 acres per man day on a 75 acre cut-over area. Survival counts at the end of the first growing season indicated an average stocking of 46 percent over the whole area. In view of the extremely dry, hot year, these results are quite promising. Planting Studies of root pruning, root induction and planting times were continued this year. Examinations were made on the trials established in 1953 and 1954 11 and new trials were established. Survival counts in the 1955 plantations showed very poor results because of the hot dry weather during the growing season. Research Co-ordination Through meetings, an annual summary and a library, the co-ordination committee is attempting to develop the necessary spirit of co-operation for the production of a co-ordinated research program for Northwestern Ontario. Meetings One major meeting was held in the past year. Thirty-two represent- atives from 18 agencies conducting research in this area participated in a two day meeting on the topics of cutting methods, planting and artificial seeding. Indirectly, this meeting was of great value in evolving individual agency pro- grams. Annual Summary The annual listing of research projects established and proposed by all agencies in this area was prepared and distributed by the Division of Research, This year it consisted of 33 pages of submissions from 15 organizations. Library The library expansion program for the past year was somewhat curtailed by the resignation of the librarian. The essential activities of loan service, periodical mailing service, cataloguing and. filing were adequately continued through a temporary co-operative arrangement between the Lakehead Technical Institute and this Division. NORTHERN REGION Regeneration Jack Pine Regeneration Research in the Northern Region, previously confined almost entirely to spruce studies, was e3q)anded this year to include jack pine. The economic importance of this species has greatly increased in recent years. 12 An experiment of operational proportions was undertaken in co-operation with a timber licensee in the Englehart Management Unit. The stand selected was pure jack pine on sand, open enough to allow mechanical scarification prior to the cut. It was cut for poles and saw logs. By terms of the contract, the operator agreed to prepare the seed bed by scarification. Two methods, mechanical and hand, were carried out either before or after cutting. In some cases this was supplemented by lopping and scattering cone-bearing slash. The pre- cut stand tally, plot descriptions and regeneration counts were completed by early summer and the cutting by late fall. The costs of the extra work to encourage regeneration have already been computed on a per acre and M. Fbm. basis. Regeneration counts and collection of stand composition data will continue until either positive or negative results are established. Spruce Regeneration Scarification plots, established in mixed stands on well drained sites were re-examined. These plots were laid out in 1953 to study the effects upon spruce regeneration of a seed bed, prepared by scarification. Artificial Regeneration Two experiments were carried out in fall planting of spruce. The first was to study the results of planting open fields to: (a) alternate rows of 2-0 white and black spruce, and (b) alternate rows of 2-2 white and black spruce. The second was to test the possibility of using 2-0 stock for underplanting. For this purpose 1, 250 seedlings were hand planted under a young stand of aspen and white birch on clay. A total of 15, 000 seedlings were planted, mosUy by machine. 13 Site A fall site meeting conducted by Mr. G. A. Hills, Division Soils Specialist, for two days at the Leitch Township Research Reserve and for two days at the Englehart Management Unit, was well attended by representatives from industry and federal and provincial government services. Such meetings have done much to increase the average forester's knowledge of site evaluation. Forest Protection Silvicultural field work was greatly curtailed during the period from July 15th to September 15th. The emphasis at this time was directed toward the requirements of forest protection which were short term and urgent. Wet Water An investigation into the efficiency and a method of application of "wet water" was conducted at the actual scene of a fire. This is described in Section Report (Forestry) No. 5, issued in January 1956. Section Report (Forestry) No. 6, also issued in January 1956, deals with a study of the potentialities of the Piasecki H21 helicopter in fire suppression work. Data for this report were gathered first hand while servicing fires in the Northern region. Hose Study The tremendous accumulation of used hose awaiting servicing in the Cochrane Warehouse, as well as the quantities culled on fires, emphasized the problems involved with this item of equipment. Representii^ a high percentage of total fire protection equipment ex- penditures, it became apparent that it should be the subject of a complete and thorough investigation. These studies have been carried on since late fall and will continue during this summer. It is expected that a final report will be ready by next fall. 14 Essential Oils All work done in this field has been on the improvement of the dis- tillation process. A new type of continuous operating still has been developed and is undergoing tests at the Southern Research Station, Maple. When final tests have been completed, the still will be set up in the Research Reserve near Cochrane for essential oil production. Co-operative Research The committee for co-ordinated research in the Northern region issued two reports. The first was a summary of all projects carried out in 1954 and planned for 1955 by all agencies working in the Northern region. The second was the proceedings of a meeting held to determine, from present knowledge, the best management techniques for Clay Belt species, SOUTH CENTRAL REGION The study of the silvical characteristics of commercial tree species was continued throughout 1955-56, and the following is a brief outline of the work in progress. Regeneration Studies - Swan Lake and Crozier Lake During 1953-54, silvicultural treatments were conducted in the tolerant hardwood stands of the south- central region. This experimental work was designed to assist the re- establishment of yellow birch, a valuable species that does not regenerate satisfactorily after logging. The techniques employed con- sisted of seed bed preparation by scarifying, and the further opening of the crown canopy after logging by the felling or poisoning of defective residual stems. The evaluation of this work was continued during 1955-56 within two permanent research reserves - Swan Lake in Algonquin Park and Crozier Lake near the town of Dorset. A series of permanent sample plots were established 15 in these reserves under three sets of conditions: 1. Uncut stands 2. Normal light selection cut 3. Experimentally treated stands. To date the measurements and observations indicate definite advantages of this silvicultural treatment with respect to yellow birch germination, survival and height growth. The location of the two experimental reserves has brought to light an important factor that effects birch regeneration, namely deer browse. Both the reserves inside and outside Algonquin Park supported large numbers of yellow birch seedlings after treatment, but the regeneration at Swan Lake within the park has been seriously damaged by the high deer population. In contrast to this, the reserve at Crozier Lake is subjected to normal hunting pressure and the birch seedlings are well on their way toward establishment. The deer browse study, mentioned in last year's report, has been taken over by the wildlife section of the Division of Research, and it is expected that this phase of the work will be reported by that section. - The work on direct site measurements was continued during the summer and winter of 1955-56. Air and soil temperatures, relative humidity, and other factors are being recorded. The work carried out toward the development of a birch seed orchard was continued this year. Scions were collected during the winter logging operations in 1955, and were grafted at Angus for planting at Swan Lake. The birch root and soil temperature studies, carried out by the Laboratory of Forest Pathology and research office, were continued and ex- panded this year at Swan Lake. 16 Regional Program During 1954, silvicultural programs were conducted in the following townships: Conger, Sherborne, McClintock. Wilkes, Biggar, and Sandy Island on Lake Nipissing. The regional research office assisted the Divisions of Timber Management and Reforestation in the planning and execution of these programs and are presently occupied in the evaluation of this work. In general terms, this silvicultural work includes application of herbicides; direct seeding; planting of 1-0 seedling stock under brush, followed by a foliage application of herbicides; study of the silvical characteristics of red spruce; growth studies in pine following release; and scarification experiments in pine and birch forest lands. SOUTH-WESTERN REGION Several projects were undertaken during the 1955-56 fiscal year. Most of the work was confined to silvicultural studies in the hardwood cover types and to the use of silvicides in forestry. However, one project was confined to pruning effects on Scotch pine Christmas trees. Silviculture Silvics and Silviculture of Silver Maple The silver maple experiment which was started in the summer of 1953 was examined again in 1955. Diameters were taken on all live trees from 0. 6" d.b.h. and up, as well as a tally on the regeneration. A record was also kept of the vegetation, as well as the condition of the trees poisoned for thinning purposes in 1953. Hardwood Growth Plots A number of permanent sample plots were established ten years ago by District Forester I. C. Marritt in scattered woodlots throughout the Lake Huron District. Fourteen of these came up for remeasurement in 1955. At the in- stigation of the zone forester, it was decided to take not only the d.b.h. but also 17 the potential merchantable lengths so that the volumes of each plot could be com- puted at five year intervals. Hardwood Pruning Studies Six acres of open-grown hardwoods were given a further pruning in 1955. The diameter of all branches removed at the point of contact with the bole of the tree were recorded and then computed to square feet. A time record was also kept on the entire operation. This project will be completed in 1956. Taper Studies A need was felt by some of the zone foresters in the Lake Huron District for better volume tables. Taper studies were made on second-growth silver and hard maple trees. This project called for a pair of pole calipers which were made at the Hespeler district office. Silvicides Silvicides for Thinning At the present time there is little or no market for thinnings in the South-Western region of Ontario. Many of the second growth stands are in need of thinning to promote maximum growth for the crop trees. Since cutting is ex- pensive, it was decided to continue testing new silvicides for this purpose. A working arrangement was then made with two chemical companies to test their silvicide products on some of the common hardwood species which occur in southern Ontario. Five species were treated with 10 different chemicals during the summer of 1955. The poisons were applied as basal sprays. Silvicides for Stand Conversion A working arrangement was made with the Christian Island Indians through the Indian Affairs Branch to conduct silvicide studies on Beckwith Island. The ob- ject of this study was to convert 30 acres of dense hardwood to white pine, as the site appeared favourable for this species. A foliage spray of Esteron 2-4- 5T was applied from aircraft on the 18 3rd August, 1955 to approximately 30 acres of bush; the treatments consisted of spraying 4 gallons of 2, 4 and 6 pounds of acid per acre. Thirty thousand white pine will be planted with Indian labour in the spring of 1956 on the treated area. Chemical Debarking There is a possibility in the not too distant future that hardwood pulp might have a market in the Lake Huron district. Peeled wood commands a better price than rough wood. It was decided to test 10 potential chemical de- barking agents in some of the common tree species in the region. The trees were given three treatments during the peeling season and were then examined at periodic intervals thereafter. Results will not be fully evaluated until the spring of 1956, Christmas Tree Studies The Scotch pine Christmas trees which were given five degrees of pruning at ten-day intervals throughout the growing season of 1954 and at monthly intervals thereafter were remeasured in July 1955 following completion of height growth. This experiment will not be completed until 1956. FISHERIES Fisheries research in 1955 was mainly concerned with Great Lakes fisheries problems. Work on inland waters was continued in Algonquin Park and the Parry Sound district. Lake Superior The problem of distinct populations of Superior lake trout, their dis- tribution and their vulnerability to lamprey predation, were investigated in 1955. Tagging and catch sampling were carried on at Rossport and Michipicoten. In the latter area, estimates of the number of young trout were made, and in- 19 formation obtained on the effect of an experimental chub fishery. Records of lamprey scarring show an increase, particularly in the in- shore fisheries which are declining rapidly. Lake Huron Research in Lake Huron continued to be confined largely to an inten- sive study of fish populations in South Bay, Manitoulin Island. Changes that are occurring have not been the result of the intensive fishery established there in 1947, but rather the results of natural phenomena, particularly the sea lamprey. Attempts to re-establish lake trout by hatchery plantings in the face of lamprey predation are being continued. Speckled lake trout hybrids which have also been introduced, seem to be less vulnerable to lamprey attack. The utilization of undesirable fish as mink food was expanded. Fish were also supplied to the Ontario Veterinary College where staff conducted ex- periments to find the most desirable ration. An analysis of data collected on smallmouth bass in the period 1947-1954 demonstrated the influence of temperature on the strength of year classes. Information obtained from questionnaires indicated an increase in lamprey predation on commercial species. Lake Erie Research in Lake Erie in 1955 was mainly concerned with the fish movements, age, growth and food of commercial species. Some 4, 000 fish were tagged and 5, 500 fish examined. The tagging has shown that blue walleye wander widely throughout the lake. Information was also obtained on the distribution and growth of the sea lamprey which appear to be increasing in abundance. Sea lampreys were taken more often in the east basin than in the western portion of the lake. A major run of sea lamprey was located at Big Creek near Delhi. 20 Some time was devoted to a study of fish spoilage and the use of trawls to take fish. Lake Ontario Routine examination of the commercial catch of whitefish in eastern Lake Ontario was continued in 1955. The collection is now adequate to permit an analysis to determine the factors affecting the production of the fishery, which is presently the only one of consequence in Lake Ontario. In 1955 the first recoveries of lake trout planted by the Province of Ontario and the State of New York were made. These fish show a fast rate of growth and a considerably higher recovery is anticipated in 1956. Algonquin Park In Algonquin Park the creel census continued to provide information on angling success and the effects of management techniques. While less heavily fished lakes are maintaining their good fishing, lake trout angling continues to decline in Opeongo. Restocking with marked hatchery fish has not proved effective. Speckled lake trout hybrids have been successfully introduced into at least one lake and should provide attractive fishir^ in the coming year. A tagging study of Opeongo bass showed that the population was ^arse and that individuals ranged widely throughout the lake during the summer. An analysis of the creel census material collected from 1939 to 1954 showed that bass reproduction and fry survival was seriously reduced in colder summers and that the low production of bass could be ascribed primarily to temperature and secondarily to the small spawning stock present. Factors influencing lake and speckled trout spawning and egg survival continued to receive some attention. Studies of the nutrient balance in lakes were also continued. 21 Parry Sound The creel census was maintained on Three Mile Lake where minimum size limits on yellow walleye were suspended in 1954 to allow better utilization of the slow growing stock. Information was obtained on the production, fishing quality, and growth rate. It is planned to resume the census in 1957 when the effects of lifting the minimum length restriction will be more evident. PHYSICS RESEARCH The major activity in physical research continued to be in Great Lakes studies. During the summer of 1955 synoptic surveys like those conducted previously in Georgian Bay and Lake Huron were made in Lake Erie, and on a smaller scale in Lake Ontario and Lake Simcoe. In Lake Erie they were made in co-operation with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources and other U.S. agencies. By means of these surveys, preliminary observations on the seasonal changes in lake temperatures, currents, and chemical constitution have been made. The Royal Canadian Navy, Toronto Harbour Police and Ontario Provincial Police supplied many of the vessels for the work. In Georgian Bay, a co-operative study with the University of Toronto was undertaken to measure the value of gravity on islands in the Bay. In Lake Erie, a co-operative survey of pollution in the lake was made with the Ontario Department of Health. In addition to the research on the Great Lakes, exploratory hydrological work continued with assessment of the value of small dams for flood control and of watershed research as applied to water supply problems in southern Ontario. WILDUFE RESEARCH Wildlife Research Station, Algonquin Park The field studies of beaver were continued, supplemented by projects in the Chapleau and Kenora Forest Districts carried on in co-operation with the district foresters. In addition, two laboratory studies, one an investigation of 22 methods for determining the age of beaver, and the second, an assessment of the ovary as an index to reproductive rate, were initiated at the Southern Research Station. The main objectives of determining carrying capacity, population turn- over, growth, reproductive rate and sex and age composition of colonies in various habitats were pursued by means of a trapping program in which some live animals were tagged and released and a series collected for studies of growth, reproduction, age compositions and pelt quality. With the establishment of an experimental winter trapping program, the beaver project has been put on a twelve-month basis, permitting a study of the entire annual cycle. The study of the movements of marten were continued in a live-trapping and tagging program. Nineteen animals were trapped and their movements in relation to forest type investigated. As in past years, facilities was provided at the Station for co-operative studies with the Ontario Research Foundation and University of Toronto. Wildlife Habitat Improvement Project Since 1948, this project has been concerned with the site requirements, growth and culture of shrubs considered to be of value in improving habitat for wildlife on agricultural land. Since this work has now reached a stage where it can be largely maintained through a series of inspections of experimental plantings, it was possible this year to expand the program to a study of aquatic plants of value to waterfowl. A survey was made in co-operation with the district foresters to determine the distribution of wild rice. A series of specimens collected across the province were identified by Dr. W. G. Dore, Canadian Department of Agriculture, and it was found that there are three varieties of wild rice widely distributed in Ontario. During the summer of 1955, an experiment was carried out in co-operation with the staff of the Parry Sound Forest District to explore the prospects of introducing desirable aquatic plants into a few Precambrian lakes. Plantings of six species were made at eight sites, but none of these was success- ful. 23 There is an obvious need for further research on the requirements of aquatic species to provide a basis for the selection of suitable planting sites. Big Game Project The work on deer and moose was considerably reduced during the year owing to a reduction in staff. However, it was possible to continue the annual snow survey in co-operation with the districts, and to begin the analysis of the data from the intensive investigation in Algonquin Park of the effects of snow on the movements of deer carried out in the winter of 1953-54 and 1954-55. The study of the factors affecting productivity of deer in South Canonto Township was continued by means of a browse survey and the collection, during the hunting season, of the vital statistics of the harvest. A study of the ovary of the deer as an index to reproductive rate is being conducted in co-operation with the Department of Zoology, University of Toronto. Between the middle of February and the end of March, an experimental study of methods for censusing moose from the air was carried out in the White River and Gogama Forest Districts. The general procedure was to check census figures secured from Beaver aircraft against what were believed to be more accurate counts made from a helicopter. The results of this investigation emphasized the difficulties of censusing moose, especially in the denser forest types. The basis was laid for further experiments and for the improvement of aerial censusing methods now in use across the province. Studies of Diseases of Wildlife The general survey of parasites and diseases of wildlife in birds and mammals was continued on a less extensive scale than previously. The survey work so far completed has, as was intended, revealed several profitable areas of research which are being attacked on a more intensive scale. An intensive survey of parasites and diseases of beaver, recently initiated, is an example. In the autumn of 1955, an investigation of a die-off of muskrat in the Walpole 24 Island marshes was carried out with the co-operation of the Ontario Department of Health, and tularemia was diagnosed as the cause. A considerable amount of time was spent in collecting information on the occurrence of rabies in wildlife in Ontario in co-operation with the Canadian Department of Agriculture. Re- ports on the disease and its status in Ontario were prepared for the information of the Departmental staff. Studies of Wolves in Ontario The investigation of the taxonomy and distribution of the brush wolf in Ontario was continued. A large series of skulls borrowed from museums in Canada and the United States were examined and diagnostic measurements from each were recorded. The stock of breeding brush wolves and brush wolf x dog hybrids kept at the Midhurst Forest Nursery was increased by two litters re- sulting from brother x sister matings in F2 hybrids. Six matings between F2 hybrids and brush wolves were made, three of which were successful. Six F2 hybrids from previous matings were sacrificed and preserved for comparative study. A study of methods of aging brush wolves and timber wolves was in- itiated. Preliminary examination of the teeth indicates that the pattern of re- placement and ex^'^Uation may be useful in aging these species. Control of Meadow Mice in Reforestation Plantations During the summer of 1955, a preliminary study of field mice in re- forestation plantations was carried out. The main objectives were to develop a simple and rapid method for assessing populations and to test zinc phosphide as a poison. Results so far show that more work is required before any adequate method of assessing populations will be available. Zinc phosphide in our ex- perience and that of others appears to be a satisfactory poison which should be more generally used on an operational basis. 25 MECHANICAL RESEARCH The projects and other services carried out by the Mechanical Section are described below. Conifer Leaf Still - Continuous Process Type Although the batch type still, which was completed and tested during the previous year, did cut down on the extraction time considerably, it left much to be desired in the way of putting the oil extraction process on a paying basis. In an attempt to increase the oil yield per hour, the design and con- struction of a continuous process stiU was undertaken. The advantage of this type of apparatus is that the raw material is fed continuously through the still at a pre-determined rate. This eliminates the loading and unloading time and heating up period between each batch. Preliminary tests of this new still indicated that additional improve- ments would be necessary in order to make this process economically sound. Recognizing the fact that the best oil yield that can be realized lies be- tween one half and one percent of the weight of raw material treated, and that only the leaves contain oil, some means must be provided to entirely separate the useless wood, which if put through the still occupies a large percentage of its total capacity. Practical measurements and calculations have shown that the output could be increased from eight to ten times if this useless wood material could be eliminated. This problem will be attacked in the near future. Although the present still is quite small, it would treat 400 pounds of pure leaves per hour, which should give an oil yield of between two to three pounds per hour. With a market price of oil at $1. 50 per pound, this apparatus would realize up to $4. 50 per hour. 26 If the forthcoming tests turn out as expected, it should be a simple matter to calculate the size of plant required to put the operation on a paying basis. Power-Driven Pneumatically Controlled Roller Press for Fish Scale Impressions For the purpose of determining the age of fish, which requires the preparation of thousands of cellulose acetate slides, a power-driven roller press with pneumatic cylinders for controlling the roll pressure was built during the winter of 1956. The two main advantages of this design over the hand operated- mechanical pressure adjusted type are, first, the pneumatic cylinders give more accurate roll pressure control and also automatically compensate for small irregularities in the thickness of the slides, and second, the power-driven feature, greatly increases the output of the machine, while at the same time eliminating strain on the operator. Fish Cooker - Steam Jacketed Screw Type To assist in fisheries research, and the Ontario Agricultural College, in their experiments on the utilization of coarse fish and smelts for mink and other animal food, a steam jacketed screw cooker, having a capacity of one ton of fish per day, was constructed and completed in March 1956. This cooker has been used successfully by the staff at the South Baymouth Fisheries Station. New Type of Survey Post At the request of the Division of Surveys, the design of a new type of survey post is being investigated. The drawbacks to the present type of post are that there is a 3 1/2 inch disc fastened to the bottom end which prohibits it from being driven into the 27 ground. The post being made of one and a quarter inch iron pipe tends to rust away in a few years. This difficulty has been partly overcome by filling it with concrete. While the purpose of this disc is to make it difficult for unauthorized persons to remove the post, it also prevents it from being driven into the ground. The method of locating these posts is to dig a long trench at an angle to the ground surface. The post is then put in place and the earth is tamped around it. This is a costly and time consuming procedure. The requirements of the new type of post are: easy to drive into the ground, difficult to remove, and long lasting (up to 100 years). At the present time a survey post containing an explosive charge in the base is under test. The underlying principle is that after the post has been driven into the ground, the charge is set off, which spreads the specially designed base, thereby making it difficult to pull out of the ground. For long life the post is con- structed of red brass. Although some progress has been achieved, considerably more work will be necessary before any definite success can be claimed for this idea. Tree Baler A power -operated tree baler for use in connection with the "Moisture Retention Materials for Nursery Stock" experiments being conducted at the Kemptville Provincial Nursery was constructed during the winter. This machine bales the trees to a pre-determined pressure. Trees baled with this machine are well- suited for transporting to planting areas and dropping from aircraft. Miscellaneous Services Besides the main projects described above, numerous smaller services were carried out for other sections of the Research Division. The main ones 28 are listed below: Experimental lamprey traps Hand tree planting tools Fire pump repairs Forest fire hose testing Repairs and modifications to scientific and other equipment. FOREST FIRE PROTECTION RESEARCH During the year, a member of the Research Division acted in the capacity of liaison officer between the Divisions of Research and Forest Protection on matters concerning forest fire research. Several minor research projects were initiated and numerous services were rendered to the Division of Forest Pro- tection. The Division of Research standardized an emergency food ration kit for use by forest fire fighters. The kit is composed of shelf stables and contains 18 meals. The ration is nutritionally balanced, and is sufficient to sustain a man doing heavy physical work. The ration kit serves both as an emergency ration and as an initial ration that allows fire fighters to operate independently of further immediate food supplies. Minimum shelf life for any food item con- tained within the ration kit is in excess of 12 months. Four vehicles in the Lindsay District were treated in June 1955 in such a manner as to make it possible to evaluate benefit gained from an undercoating operation. Examination of these vehicles wiU be conducted each fall and spring until data becomes adequate for a conclusive analysis. Soils for Falconbridge Township, Sudbury District were analyzed in an attempt to interpret the burning peculiarities and suppression difficulties par- ticular to areas adjacent to the smelters of Sudbury and district. Some success was obtained in this endeavour but conclusions reached were, for the most part, in the form of conjecture. It was necessary to carry out some tests on cargo parachutes again this year. These tests were largely serviceability tests and were conducted either 29 by the Division or for the Division by the Ontario Research Foundation. Some staff service of a research nature was extended to the Division of Parks in relation to park signs, paint life, and post preservation. A review of literature on results from tests of wetting agents and fire- retardant chemicals in forest fire suppression was carried out and reported on to all Division Chiefs and field offices. CO-OPERATION WITH OTHER RESEARCH AGENCIES As it is the responsibility of the province to manage the renewable natural resources within its boundaries, it is imperative that the work of all agencies con- cerned with the solution of the management problems be co-ordinated. If co- ordination is not effected, the energies and funds of the various agencies are wasted, and duplication occurs. The Division of Research, being in closest touch with the management problems of the various operating divisions of the Department, gives the lead in the co-ordinating process by initiating formal agreements with other research agencies and setting up of joint committees to prescribe programs. During 1955-56, co-operative studies were continued actively with several departments of the federal government: in silviculture with the Forestry Branch, in forest pathology and entomology with the Science Service, in fisheries with the Department of Fisheries, and in wildlife with the Canadian Wildlife Service, as well as with the Canadian Navy in physical research. Co-operative programs were continued also with the University of Toronto, especially in fisheries, wildlife and physics; with the Ontario Veterinary College, and with other Ontario universities, as well as with the University of Michigan in physical research of the Great Lakes. 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X X X X X X X XXXXXXXXX X !S I I I I I I 11)111111 I <^ I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I "* X X X X X X XXXXXXXXX XX m in X X X X X X X X X X X X X o> g^ XX XXX X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X XXX XXX X X XX X XXX X X X X X III I I I I I I XXX X X X X I i i I I I I I I > •4-1 "S d w O -M - S-2'&g CJ 0) CO 73 o c rt x: o 0) •s a 00 en OS X X X X T3 c CO T3 CO 05 O O) OS •s ctf 5 M u CO H CO Q c o o CO <" 09 73 bO a o o (U T3 ex W Cf o a> ■♦-' J3 CO CO bO 0) 0} o ^ c o ■^ *H ^ •'^ o-^ S3 > 0) CO u_, «*H Q c: o •■-1 c § 3 ^ o "* a .2 :=3. -^ Pump Treat Hose Easifi Water o o a (U ^tU CD '-* C hfl ? ^ a 0 O O) O en f-i d) ► >. (1) J. CO c (U s ••-I 0) o rt O •" •r-l CS ^« ^ ^ -M •-' en ^ [X4 O to bD ^- .2 :;5 o ^ -§3^^ SI'S 13 »-i cu m .ii (^ <^*v (U to CO u. •<-l 1^ a:: en -^ o a; a o tn s (U •4-1 •i-l 0) bO o o ier and scar eaf still for stick (Brohm ting pan and o o > o •a bO c o. S ■♦-> tn o CTJ c^ 5 w "* (h rt Q. (h Ri P-M ^ CTJ L, bD r-i -*-» tn r— 1 c Spot pi Conife: Walkin Seed c( Power Water Survey o en ^ V cu u X CO o CO OS in lO 05 in OS in OS CM in OS in OS O in OS OS -^ OS CO OS OS OS in OS x X ><; XX X X XXX XX X X XXX XX X X XXX XX X X XXX X X X X X X X XX X X XXX X XXX X X X X X X XXX OS o a" ft o u a •o o o bfi Xi n c4 -♦-» 3 9 •^n ±: 8(2^ 3 a> ^ w r ^^^ c CO O Qj o 13 r 8.2 s a Eel lI'? ^ I— I Q ^ CQ CO W 73 u n 7?i. "-I ►^T3 CO O U ■*-» S m o 0) CO faDtJ ^ o -^ rj .1-1 +j t:? -t-> rt " o ^ rt m O (U CO 73 o s o a a . 1-1 ^ O •i-< tj o > +-> •+-» " ►> O fi O o M a; o -tj ^ p. ci u o CO CO u CD Pi C^ -> u o a a «« .;3 bC C •i-i o ^ 3 S ^ ^ Jq- W ^ ~ JS O 73 bp CO CD e bfi cf M W PQ U - a (U o •l-< 0) -«-> O T3 »- 2 Vi u » •^ Pi CO nJ cu > CQ O •a o §^ CO 0) . ^'^ ^ oJ Sh -m . o >, o Pi Oh a eg •25 oi CO ^ ^ O P^ w CO o CO <3 SECTION NO. 11 DIVISION of SURVEYS and ENGINEERING DIVISION OF SURVEYS AND ENGINEERING The programme of extending base and meridian lines in the north- western portion of the Province to provide control for mapping from aerial photography and to assist in determining potential forest resoiirces was continued. The meridian in approximate longitude 92 degrees and 56 minutes was extended hQ miles and a portion of the Fifteenth Base Line produced toward the Ontario-Manitoba Boundary. The mining activity in the Manitou- wadge area in the District of Thunder Bay and the establishment of a town- site made it necessary to survey township outlines. There was a decrease in the niimber of applications for summer resorts and this enabled the in- auguration of a programme of surveying the majority of these locations as subdivisions and preparing plans for registration. Some progress was made in the re-surveys of obliterated township subdivisions. The distribution of lithographed map sheets was less during the past fiscal year. This reduction was caused by not obtaining the revised map of parts of the Districts of Algoma and Sudbury until late in the year and having to curtail the distribution of map of the Province on the scale of thirty-five miles to an inch which is being revised. It has also been noted that the white prints of individual large scale maps have been re- quested instead of the lithographed maps on smaller scsiles. The revision of base maps was continued. A new map of Quetico Park is being prepared which will include the additional topographical in- formation obtained from aerial photography. It is anticipated this map will be available before the tourist season. Type- face lettering is being used in all our maps instead of hand-drawn lettering. Shore lines of lakes and streams and the names of these features are shown blue on new maps being issued. This change has added much to the appearance of the map and made the features more easily identified. Base drawings are being prepared for a revised map of Southern Ontario. -1- Weather conditions during the summer of 1955 were most favourable for aerial photography. During the latter part of the season the aircraft used for photography was used by the Division of Forest Protection, All but 800 square miles of Southern Ontario has now been photographed on a scale of one-quarter of a mile to an inch. Reconstruction of the Tarentorus Trout Rearing Station has been nearly completed and is in operation. Hatchery troughs made frc»n rein- forced plastic were installed. It is believed that this is the first in- stallation of its kind in North America. Hydrologic data was compiled for the construction of dams in the interest of conservation) propagation of fish and wild life and forest protection. Preliminary surveys of the "Tiny Marsh" have been made having in view the establishment of a game sanctuary. LEGAL SURVEYS Survey Instructions issued diiring the period between April lst| 1955 to March 3lst, 1956: Q^r^eraJI, 1. Retracement sxirvey to establish the easterly four miles of the north boxindary of the Township of Otto, District of Timiskaming, made at the request of the Geological Branch of the Department of Mines. Survey costs borne by the Department of Mines. 2. Surveys of commercial and residential areas along the water front of Red Lake in the Township of Dome, Improvement District of Red Lake, for the purpose of filing plans to facilitate the registra- tion of titles. 3« Survey of the production of the 6th Meridian a distance of approxi- mately ^8 miles and a portion of the I5th Base Line a distance of approximately 50 miles in the District of Kenora, Patricia Portion, for the purpose of establishing ground control for aerial mapping under The Canada Forestry Act. hi, Surveys of summer resort locations in the districts of Parry Sound and Muskoka. 5* Surveys of summer resort locations in the County of Simcoe and the District of Muskoka. 6. Subdivision survey for residential lots north of Ear Falls in the District of Kenora, Patricia Portion. 7. Subdivision siirvey of a redivision of part of Registered Plan M-215 of the Gold Pines Townsite in the District of Kenora, Patricia Portion, for residential purposes. - 2 - 8, Retraceraent survey of the line between concessions 2 and 3 in front of lot 11, and the line between concessions 3 and h in front of lots 13 and 1^- in the Township of Lake, County of Hastings, required in connection with a timber trespass on Crown lands, 9, Subdivision survey for summer resort locations on Little Cedar Lake in Township 72, District of Thunder Bay. 10. Survey of summer resort locations in the District of Sudbury. 11. Subdivision survey for summer resort locations in the Township of Carling in the District of Parry Sound. 12. Survey of certain township boundaries in the District of Thunder Bay within the Improvement District of Manitouwadge. 13. Subdivision surveys for residential lots in the Township of Murchison in the District of Nipissing. l^. Subdivision survey for summer resort locations on an island in Kasshabog Lake in the Township of Methuen, County of Peterborough. 15. Inspection of portions of the survey of township outlines in the District of Thunder Bay, surveyed during the fiscal year. 16. Retracement survey of the west, north and east boundaries of the Township of Porter in the District of Sudbury, made at the request of the Geological Brajich of the Department of Mines. Portion of the cost of survey borne by the Department of Mines. 17* Retracement survey of the line between concessions 2 and 3 in front of lots 9 and 10, the line between concessions h and 5 in front of lots 10 to 15 inclusive, and the side line between lots 10 and 11 across concessions 3 and h in the Township of Galway in the County of Peterborough, to facilitate the surveys of summer resort locations on Crown lands. 18. Preliminary survey of the Tiny Marsh in the Township of Tiny in the Coxinty of Simcoe. 19« Retracement survey of certain limits in sections 22, 23, 26, 27, 33 and 3^ in the Township of Kars in the District of Algoma. Total cost of the survey to be borne by the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, Ottawa. 20. Survey of the north boundary and other related s\irveys in con- nection with the proposed Indian Reservation at Big Trout Lake in the District of Kenora, Patricia Portion. Total cost of the survey to be borne by the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, Ottawa. 21. Survey of certain lands required by the Departjnent of National Defence near the mouth of the Winisk River in the District of Kenora, Patricia Portion. Total cost of survey to be borne by the Department of National Defence. 22. Survey of parts of Mining Location lOX, Township of Oliver, District of Thunder Bay, in connection with the Provincial Park at Kakabtka Falls. - 3 - 23. Retraceraent survey of parts of the original survey of the Township of Conger in the District of Parry Sound, to facilitate the surveys of summer resort locations, 2^-. Siirveys of summer resort locations in the County of Simcoe in the vicinity of the Georgian Bay, the Severn River and Six Mile Lake. 25* Survey of a proposed road diversion in the Township of Tehkummah in the District of Manitoulin. 26. Survey of s\ammer resort locations in the District of Sudbury. Municipal Surveys No survey instructions were issued for municipal surveys during the period April 1st, 1955> to March 31st, 1956. Summer Resort Location Surveys on Crown Lands Under authority of the Public Land Regulations, 1269 summer resort locations were surveyed and the returns of survey filed in the Department for examination and approval; ^-33 surveys of this number were surveyed under direct departmental instructions to the surveyor where the applicant paid in the survey fee to the district office, in accordance with the provisions of the Public Land Regulations. The following is a break- down of the summer resort locations surveyed in the various administrative districts in the Province: Administrative District Crown Siffv^ys Nil Private Siorveys Chapleau 6 Cochrane Nil 9 Erie Nil 13 Fort Frances 30 58 Geraldton Nil Ih Gogama Nil Nil Huron Nil 9 Kapuskasing Nil Nil Kenora 2 Ike Lindsay 127 55 North Bay 3k 17 Parry Sound 79 100 - If - Administrative District Crown Surveys Private Surveys Pembroke 19 29 Port Arthur 21 130 Rideau Nil 1 Saiat Ste, l-Iarie 1 31 Simcoe ^9 38 Sioux Lookout Nil 9^ Sudbury 63 62 Swastika Nil 10 Tweed 8 39 White River ni 15 Totals •••••• ,. W33 836 — . The following is a summary of surveys for Federal Government departments made in the Province of Ontario under instructions from R. Thlstlethwaite, Surveyor General, of the Legal Surveys Division of the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys, during the past fiscal year:- (1) Subdivisions of Village lots on Christian Islands, !• R. No. 30; Georgina Island I. Ro No, 33; Kettle Point I. R. No. hh, (2) Part of the north boundary of Point Pelee National Park, (3) Exterior boundaries of Mallorytown Landing Area in the St, Lawrence Islands National Park, ik) Subdivision of water front in Henvey Inlet I. R, No. 2 and French River I. R, No. 13. (5) Retracement surveys in Goulais Bay I. R. No. 15A. (6) The boundaries of the new reserve known as Big Trout Lake Indian Reserve, (7) A programme to survey Indian holdings within the Tyendinaga I. R. No. 3§. -5- SURVEY RECORDS AIID MAP DISTRIBUTION The number of District and other maps produced by this Department distributed this year totalled 16,139; of these 16^^ were for official Departmental use. Fart of the decrease V7as caused by supplying Algonquin Park Headquarters with a large stock of Map ^7A> (Algonquin Park) before the end of the previous fiscal year. It was necessary to have l-Iap 21A (Southern Ontario) re-printed o A slight increase is to be noted in the distribution of litho- graphed map sheets produced by the Dominion Department of Mines and Technical Siorveys and the Army Survey Establishment Bureau, Department of National Defence, for resale to the public or for the "Official Use" of this and other Departments of the Ontario Government over the previous year, for a total of 355676 copies (see "Trend of Map Distribution" chart). Of these, 6,^77 copies were supplied to this Department, including the District Offices, for "Official Use" by the Department of Mines and Technical Surveys without charge. 9>199 copies were purchased by district offices for resale purposes. A slight decrease in the number of Provincial Topographic litho- graphed map sheets distributed, over those of last year, is to be noted. These sheets are produced by the Army Survey Establishment Bureau, Department of National Defence, Ottawa, from aerial photography and information supplied by the Forest Resoiirces Inventory Section of the Division of Timber Management of this Department. The total quantity distributed this year was 12,928 (see "Trend of Map Distribution" chart). The following map sheets on the scale of two miles to the inch were received for distribution: Elsas Latitude ^■8**30' to ^■9°00« Longitude 82*'00« to 83**00* Kapuskasing Latitude ^+9° 00* to ^9°30« Longitude 82''00« to 83 "CO* Latitude ^9**30» to 50°00« Longitude 82°00« to 83**00« Latitude if9**00« to ^•9°30» Longitude 83''00* to 8^*»00« Latitude ^9*30» to 50°00« Longitude 83°00' to 8J+*'00« Latitude if6**00» to ^6°30« Longitude 78 °00» to 79 ^OO* Opasatika Opazatika Lake Hearst Mattawa - 6 - The summary of the total quantity of lithographed maps distributed in this fiscal year is as follows: National Topographic Series ^i60^ Map 20A (Free issue) 2|113 District Maps 10,^75 Island Maps 882 Miscellaneous Maps 2i669 TOTAL 6^,7^3 An increase in the letters of requests for maps £uid survey records i as well as the number of cash sales, is to be noted over the past fiscal year. Ten thousand, three hundred and fifty-five (10,355) letters were handled, the increase being due mainly to the use of a form letter requesting prepayment in advance. Sixty-four hundred (6^-00) cash sales were made for maps and copies of survey records. The increase also being due to the cash sale or prepayment in advance policy. A drop in the square footage of photostat paper consumed over that of the past fiscal year is noted. Forty thousand, four hundred and twenty-five (^0,^+25) square feet of paper were used on the reproduction of maps and survey records for departmental work, the survey sections of The Hydro-Electric Power Commission and Department of Highways, other Provincial Government Departments and Commissions, Ontario Land Surveyors and the public. Nearly eight hundred (800) 5" x 3" photostatic copies of the new survey record catalogue cards were made. The amount of sensitized paper and linen used in the reproductions of various topographic map tracings, Crown Land tracings and Townsh.lp prints, Georgian Bay Island map sheets, subdivision and summer resort survey plans and other miscellaneous plans by the Dry Process printing method increased this year by nearly seven- thousand, six hundred (7>600) square feet, for a total of two h\indred and twenty- three thousand, three hundred and fourteen (223, 31^^) square feet. A summary of the dry process material used is as follows: Black and Blue Line paper 217*7^9 square feet Transparent Linen ^f725 square feet Opaque Linen 8^0 square feet TOTAL 223 ,31^ square ^eet - 7 - Thirty-nine (39) "Litho-line" transparent reproductions reduced to one-half scale from the Forest Resources Inventory Planimetric base maps on the departmental format were obtained during the year from a commercial firm» This method eliminates the preparation of the base drawing > by handi of the Crown Land sectional tracings on the scale of one-half mile to the inch* Some five thousand (5>000) photostatic copies of pages of the oldest field note books were bound into approximately one hundred and fifty (150) individual field note books. In addition, twenty-seven (27) field note books of current surveys and approximately one hundred and five (105) volxames of various types were bound or repaired for various sections of this Division, the Conservation Information Section of the Division of Operation and Personnel and the Patents Branch of the Division of Lands* The reference to, and reproduction of original Crown Survey Records, plans and field notes by the Ontario Hydro-Electric Power Commis- sion and the Department of Highways' survey sections, as well as by Ontario Land Surveyors in private practice and the general public, continued to be a major item* Three (3) sets of field notes of Municipal Surveys, twenty- six (26) field note books of Crown Surveys^ as well as ninety (90) Crown Survey plans and three (3) municipal survey plans, were catalogued and filed* Catalogue sheets for one thousand and ninety- three (1,093) plans wera written and some three thousand one hundred (3,100) catalogue cards were typed covering the re-indexing and cataloguing of the rolled plans of survey* Nearly fifteen hundred (1500) entries were made, of designation numbers of surveyed parcels, into the card filing system* Six hundred and eighty (68O) plans of survey and one hundred and sixty-seven (16?) field note books, as well as forty-one (^-1) volumes of Crown Instructions for surveys, were micro- filmed in negative form diiring the year and thirty-five (35) reels of posi- tive microfilm obtained* The programme of the preservation of old original survey plans was increased this year by having a commercial firm remount four hundred and eighty-nine (^89) plans and descriptions from six (6) of the old Dpper Canada partial plan books on individual boards, back to back, to save filing -. 8 - space, with a cellulose wash finish applied to the surfaces for protection. These were re-indexed and filed. One hundred and twenty-five (125) old township and town plans were also remounted. Approximately one hundred (100) miscellaneous maps of various kinds, including reproductions of plans of surveys of subdivisions were also mounted in various manners, for use of various Departmental offices and for filing in the Land Titles and Registry Offices. Two thousand, five h\mdred and eighty-five (2,585) iron survey bars in the standard sizes of 1" x 1" x hQ" and 3A" x 3A" x 30" were dis- tributed to various District Offices for summer resort and subdivision s\ir- veys on Crown Lands. Two hundred and eighty-eight (288) Standard Crown Sur- vey Posts were used on Crown surveys. Eight hundred (800) aluminxam prelimi- nary survey identification plates were shipped to various District Offices for the preliminary marking of summer resort parcels. Preliminary investi- gation was made into a newly marketed Bronze Cap to be used in conjunction with the Standard Iron Survey Bars. GEOGRAPHIC AND MAP PUBLICATION The new base drawings of Map 32A (Algoma and Sudbury) were com- pleted and the map was published on a scale of four miles to an inch. The basis outlines and lettering appear in two colours, black and dark blue, which is an imiprovement from previous maps which were in black only. The map shows all available topographical features obtained from aerial photo- graphy. Type face lettering has been used. A reprint with minor revision was made of Map l^d. (Islands in McGregor Bay). Revision and additional information relative to nomenclature was supplied to the Canadian Board of Geographic Names, the various mapping offices of the Federal Departments and the Department of Mines of this Province. This included information for twenty sheets and five navigation charts. Maps prei)ared included in the Forest Resources Inventory were referenced re nomenclature and the names of featxires submitted to Canadian Board of Geographic names for approval. - 9 - The compilation and preparation of new base drawings for maps of "Southern Ontario" and "Quetico Provincial Park" was continued. AERIAL SURVEYS During the summer of 1955 > weather conditions were more favour- able than normal and an area of 17)353 square miles was photographed* Low altitude photographs were obtained of areas where research programmes were being undertaken by the Department* Mosaic panels have been completed for two-thirds of the portion of the Province south of a line from Orillla to Arnprior* The mosaics are prepared to be used in connection with the Forest Resources Inventory and are being used by the District Foresters in other activities of the Department* The demand for prints of the aerial photographs has increased* The number of contact prints produced this year was 75 » 590 and 6)063 enlargements were made* V^rtj,9fiJ. Photpgr^pl^ Af?^ ^qH^f^ ^jl-Xe? Forest Resources Inventory and Research Division 16,258 Other Departments 1<100 Mapping Mosaic Panels 9»500 Total Area photographed and sketched by Department from 1921+ to March 3lst, 1956, (does not include areas photographed by contract.) Aerial Sketching -™^-»-^— «—- .— —— 26,903 square miles Oblique Photography — — ™.^—^—— .—..—« 10,790 square miles Vertical Photography ™«-™— — ™™— ^ 186,1^2 square miles Area photographed during the past Five Years 1951/52 -™ 16,^6^ square miles 1952/53 ■ 12,7^3 " 1953/5^ l6,M-90 " " 195^/55 9)050 " " 1955/56 17)358 " " - 10 - ENGINEERING The number of requests for information concerning the construction of dams on small streams has Increased each year. These dams are construc- ted by owners of properties as suburban homes and creation of ponds to con- serve water for irrigation and farm ponds. Plans of thirteen such dams were examined in addition to fifteen daans for storage and timber operations. Eight licences of occupation for flooding were issued and seven licences for flooding were cancelled. A new Water Power Lease Agreement was issued to replace a lease which had expired. Hydrologic data and information on previous dams were supplied to the Department of Public Works for the construction of three new dams and the rebuilding of seven dams. Inspections of twelve dams were made. The programme of rebuilding obsolete dams formerly used in lumbering operations was continued. The reconstruction of the Tarentorus Trout Rearing Station was nearly completed. Reinforced plastic trough were used instead of the former cedar troughs and these have proved to ensure more efficient opera- tion. Pressure filter units with capacity of 300 imperial gallons for use as de chlorinating filters were installed at the Port Arthur hatchery. Plastic valves to replace metal valves to supply hatchery troughs were in- stalled at the Wlarton Hatchery, An old wood stove pipe for the water supply main at the Deer Lake Hatchery was replaced by a smaller asbestos- oement pressxare pipe. Investigations of using more efficient materials used in the construction of all hatcheries are being carried on. Preliminary planning is progressing for a major renovation of the Chatsworth Trout Rear- ing Station. - 11 - JO HAN LINE SURVEY ^ \ \ \ ID MERIC / / BASE Ah y / REND OF V y •- o o o o o o o o ro o o o I o I 4 < o I CO 0> lO I (0 at I CM 0> S31IW J0«39^^nN , , OQOOOOOOOOOOOQOOOOOOO LU — „ O. o> 00 K ^. "O. "^ '^- ^- ~ ^' ^ ^ n CM — (\j rvj SNOiivooi iyos3a as^^wns a3A3AHns nvnaiAiONi .CO CO UJ a: LU O Q^ o to o »o o iD in OJ o r- m C\J S31IW JO a391NnN in UJ o Li- ILU Ci ■Ot- ac < Q. QBinamiSia sdvi«i do «39i^nN o 8 O o o o o o o o o o •o o m fO (n (\j o o 8. in o o o o «n Qiinamisia sdVH io »38mN S3im aavnos ni V3yv z < X >- \ ICAL PHOTOGRAPHY OTHER )REST RESOURCES INVENIO \ \ \ 1 ct: u- LU > \ o o o o o o o o o o o o o CO CD lO I IT) in If) lO I in CD in I ro in CD rO in I CJ in CVJ in J_ in in I O in CD O O O o S31IIAI 3dVnDS Nl V3dV o o o o o o o o o O o o o o o o o o o O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ^"" o Oi CO f^ (X) iT) ^ rO CVJ S3im 3dvnos Nl V3dV on UJ CO Q_ 22 I LU 0?^H ■ \069'\LrZ m t.:.f.ir.i7--M 1 ■ ^iregce ^ 1 I^H 9l?'991r'l| 1 1 1 SI?9??Tl ^MioTieM^H w 1 a* m eg UJ >- in < _ o _j < 00 a* o o (M o o o o' o o o o o «n 00 tn n 04 88 q o lO X)OOHrHHOCVI nC ri » ^^r^H W bCO&l^ P C! o o 3 3 j3 J3 H a Q<(tf o H d 9) -> CD a ►i CO ti in sss 8S 888 t-CVl OOO QOO Oinin 88888 mm ino c^J^^ rHoo ininoo iH ino moD ^ o t~-CM in t-OVXI'O o CM m^H r^^ ooooo in in mmvo cvj OJ OOO OOcO in mm mooD r-i m 888 mvo-sco (UCO -P tiiH >->m Uivo CO »|i) O TJ rH no » bOO n) OS CO H Oi t) n (4 =1 c V mat f4 o >43 m •H T3 cq so: c o ^-o OO 1 rHvocj in in rH in CM w cy OOOOQ OOOOO iniA OO moo H H rH an d Mapl Yell Hena Oak Spru 4^ -rJT) Id V V ,C V sxw Sos g:g 0) rH C • U »> TJ Id 330M : ■ Aa a ■ X o 3 ■6 1 O 0< a a 0 o o 01 itfs a a oa a a a CM VO VO-* lf\CVI _ _ ooooooocvjt-c\i wo OOWOOOOOOO OO 5Mnt-<»>000 OOOOO OrncB (M(NJ M CM r-l CVi >-< »S3 -*00ir\O^OOO0^,Hr^ Oc^CM OOO OOOO OOOO OOOCoSoOO COoSoOOOOOO OO oooj»-8ooo ooooo ooS ooo CM CM mixMAin UMr»roir\ir\uv* CM rH fH rH tAiTw*- mm I n O U V 800Q QOQQ OOOO moo O mOO H OO CMiHc ) lAO o oJir\o-> iHVOHroacM^ 8QQ CO OirMTimQ^HrH QOQQO r^r^oo OO OfocMCMOOo ooooo r-r-^-* CM Q.-< ( ©■H< ICMCMCMCMO Cr^ScOr^ 8-*-:*CMt^ mm mcMm m QCM^^QQQ Oo OinOmOOQ QQQQQ COr^OOOOOO OO rHrHHOOOO ooooo mt- HiHiHCy COUJHCMHnCU 0OCM-* (OO bO to •> 0.0 H O Pk icoS I •O ■O'OH 01 5 O O 3 U)0 o o & o » s » m wH q, aax: m U)ll03HHr-IO4-> r-l OOnJ33ptiM 3 H H CO &■ & Oi-rl O PLi to ^ o » o O V o o » H rHH 0) O.M a n ^ O pan n a H n o 9 (0 bO» U)r-< b E -H (d (d o o U) c: H Id UH HO) tOH Qi &■ (Q d so X V o u V « 0.£ j up^ to>-}na->m Sxco: SH O Id 3 » to& a u u U al 4 a "->•-> CO u a J< 3 H o Li ex Id QiO >-> 01 Dm O ») c: (d t3 cd • SH-P ■p « O c o n OH t< ra o a ■p tJ -p g CiJ ^o d •H « o2 >» • o -p n) 4> a Dj T) •> p i!« p «iS % c 0 P Tls lis bS n •> • 0 > c 9 x: p 5^ CM U CO 0 .& OJ Z ;sa 55 5J 00m H m « edC3> -P t^^^t 80 0000000 OOQOO QOQQQ 00 oin -3 ID'S tr inino SQOOOi-j hh o 0000000 00000 ooooq ino iaoj qqoo c^J^-ln qqinqqq r-iH in in 00000 ooinoo ininoino CT\6oOrHr4 ooininooiri mc3\t— Oin t-ooincri '>ooo a>oco •=i-^t~-HCMrH minf-i (M 88 8888888 W O rj H M a oiH ftO 00 C) id O (U tH C CO W O c eu vi (vi S V O S ti 4J ^ 3 n a) •d 1-1 o t< 1-1 -o (O S Its O, Bl -}co iq u • S • CO 0 1 rH -P 04J:* H 0 CO w H c: oJiJrn % 0) h inoJ ^^4. • 0 . (U . n ii wxi 0 -p 0 (1> c 0 m u 0 m • 0 0 && <^3 olcu ss t< 0 <» wg Rl O 9} 3 CO if)iO PULPWOOD TIMBER - ALL SPECIES CUT ON CROWN LANDS 360 350 340 330 320 310 300 2 90 280 270 260 250 240 2 30 220 210 200 190 180 170 160 I 50 140 I 30 I 20 I 10 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 yi^A ^^«I9K y^'SKSly \ j^-^^^KSrr^ /lvv^«aHH^^ \ ^^^siev^ / i'^^^me^m^mmimt y^I^^^S^^ISpY j^-4m "I y^rS^Q^^Sp^ ^^^^^^^ yf^^^^y^J^BH^^^ rJiP^i^^^mf^^^^ ^^^^^^^ifS^/ J^^^'*^' ::;•,;■ :-,'^' ■ .;:;"^ ^K \7\/^HF?^ ^^^^ t ': ^^MJ^Kff^f ^g^^^^ : ; \^^- f^ \ pj^S^j^B^^^^^^P^"" Tl- ' --^ - ^jf^fS^^^^^ ' T\. QjjISSp^^ ' ■ ''' j■|S^^^^ ■ .,' ^^■•■-■' '■■.'• P . : V . ■ ' * '■'."■' r~i ' '" i^ , ,. _ ~ ■ - V . .■ ■ '■ .;-.,;■:♦«: ' ' 1 \~y-^ "i"*v v:^5' - • - :^ . -Kr^rtrrrfr O — cvjro^ui^r^(X)0>o— cvjto^uicDr^ojoiO — ojro^if)cDt^ooCT)0— ojto^intDt^oooiO— cvito^incDr^oooiO— cjfo^io OOOOOOOOOO c\JOJc\ic\icoc\jcvJoJc>jojrOrorororoiorOrororO't^^^o>cj5CT>cT)CT)a5oioi(r)(j5(J)(T>CT)CTio'(7>oicT)Oiff)(j)Cj)(T)C^ Species Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut During Perlcxi April 1, igS'tj to March 31, 1955 Equivalent Pieces Corcta Feet In Cu. Pt. Dues Bon Board l-'oot Measure Ontario Scale AsH Balsam Basswood Beech Birch Cedar Cherry Elm Hemlock Maple Oak Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Toinarac Total Ontario Scale Doyle Scale Basswood Birch Elm Hemlock Maple Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Sprue 1,983 45,990 21,966 3>3'< 399.964 15,868 991 7,183 322,946 133,598 5,037 1,765,990 2,390,906 126,560 1,032,857 ^.381 6,288:654 130,492 1,211,879 1,449,410 225,079 36,294,460 tjiy,470 68,992 653,728 20,366,902 12,031,381 418,159 152,043,125 66,067,773 5,887,255 31,356,769 116,129 328.541,bOt' 24,402.00 226,021. JY 271,0jy.u7 42,201.i/y 6,787,004.02 97, 140. by 2,^ .,., ,..-..... , Yo,iy5.7J 2b, 432, 064. 3y 12,35^,673.51 1,100,916.68 5,863,715.80 21,716.12 sd 7.2j7.4b ^-Y^07 ly^.y/o.yu i,'/ja.42 ■'J. 96 .76 rM 2,uy0.25 761,204.23 264,306.57 17,651.47 126,207.02 .49c, 237! 5r 364.25 2,401.27 7,423.35 640.06 274,040.67 377.59 68.99 1,*1^.37 42,467.48 23,586.68 1,845.04 821,691.15 127,368.14 5,5'»3.86 79,957.51 l4l ,34 1,015.85 7, 248. 76 i'«,6oo.a3 i, 63.13 103,197.17 83,745.92 3,935.29 1,582,895.38 391,674.71 206'l^!53 489.73 bl.49j;jV9.71 1 Total poyle Scale Cubic Foot Measure 4 17,167 2,724 515 79, 7^*1 313,022 975 163,328 577,t85 491 1,577,836 1,215 234,945 49,348 6,756,216 5,940,144 15,806 '-'EM: 139. 9^* 574,332.30 301.32 62,260.42 12,287.65 1,689,054.00 2,601,783.07 6,306.59 2.46 7,814.50 6.08 704.84 246.74 33,781.10 23,581.84 47.42 9,283.10 75B- 5.65 17,733.59 13.97 1,057.25 567.50 40,898.24 27,662.54 12,498.03 100. 43b. 77" 8.11 25,548.09 20.05 1,762.09 6l4,24 74,679.3* 51,244.38 47.42 21,781.13 lb Sawlofis Ash Balsam Basswood Birch Cedar Elm Maple Oak Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Tamarac Total sawlogs (cubic) Boom Timbers, Poles, Piling 27,610 9,471 1,266 180 15 9,248 783,401 46,519 1,239,846 321 2,117,^77 9.46 254,834.12 628.88 142,954.59 24,077.15 12.00 2,918.68 413.12 106,014.15 4,918,123,30 352,323.56 6,223,224.30 3,603.92 9.46 254,834.12 628.88 142,954.59 24,077.15 12.00 2,918.68 413.12 106,014.15 4,918,123.30 352,323.56 6,223,224,30 3,603.92 .68 6,082.41 135.55 9,127.79 927.86 1.02 225.30 27.05 7,139.72 142,848.78 6,076.36 226,873.91 ^99,M'M 957.81 23!62 17,259.41 70.15 12,173.21 30,^»g.g3 .68 7,040.22 135.55 9,133.52 951. *8 i.oe 225.30 27.05 7,139.72 160,108.19 6,148.51 239,047.12 335 TT?^ Booms Hemlock Red and white pine Jack pine Spruce Poles Cedar Jack pine Red pine Spruce Piling Jack pine Spruce "Ta 4,896 22,870 19,868 10,461 102,552 7,972 4 53 8 5,699.54 691.18 129,696.54 303,562.66 545,736.83 106,405.83 1,212,504.84 170,720.98 47.18 5,699.54 691.18 129,696.54 303,562.66 445,736.83 106,405.83 1,212,504.84 170,720,98 47.18 piling 169,317 g,2H77lg7r ^ 1,229.43 1,386.95 214.84 29.69 6,861.55 12,683.90 25,035.82 4,052.59 48,735.76 8,073.93 1.79 60.48 62.60 100.19 424.75 22.73 227.99 4.067.8^ 4)216! 9,060.52 214.84 29.69 6,961.74 13,108.65 25,058.55 4,280.58 52,803.61 12,290.47 2.26 60.48 62.60 ^*9^'l^ otal boom timber, poles. Total cubic foot measure Cordage Pulpwood Balsam Balsam export levy Jack pine Jack pine export levy Poplar Poplar export levy Spruce Sprtice export levy 160,130 ( 6,518 709,727 ( 52,406 135,246 ( 26,983 1,888,866 (149,664 .44) .60) .02 .53) .55 ,- .^j—KSO) 2.893,978.67^ 60, (4, 11, (2. IbO, (12, 611,757.20 217,358.53 54,065.54 554,067.40) 6,534.55 326,861.30 1,419,455.39 94,472.87 454,578.00) 26,202.44 495,911.70 135,246.02 17,216.88 293,600.05) 2,698.39 553,6S6.75 5,232,900.33 634,704.62 721,402.50) 149,672.76 988.186.95 7.004.960.57 985.56Brgr 271,424.07 6,534.55 1,513,928.26 26,202.44 152.462.90 2.698.39 5,867,604.95 149.672.76 Total pulpwood" FuelwooST Hardwood Softwood 21,204 35,311 54 .45 1,802,385.90 21,204 3.001 2.3£ .001.47;.! &s 1,596.08 6,268.82 7.864.90 22,800.62 2|.2g*-62 *fa.725.z'r Total fuelwood Total cordage 2,950,494.66 250,792,046.10 7.043,820.61 993.432.95 8,037.253.56 Miscellaneous Car stakes - pieces - a Laecine, lln. ft. Piling, lln, ft. Posts, lln. ft., cedar Posts, pieces, cedar Poles, pieces, poplar Christmas trees 1,624 25,361 76,626 3,036 4,008 43,330 8,482,377 4,920 1,003,166 9,490,463 328,841.603 16,896.776 ,406,819.19 T. 61, 1^: 250, -331T7 1,624.00 ,696,475.40 2,460.00 501,533.00 ^,643.20 00,120.00 21,66^1.00 11,445 100 6,200 276 68 igl9i2 n .08 •^ .00 .20 210.47 SIO.47 1,389,233.75 100, 436. rf 39.550.45 993.432.95 5.5feS.«fc4.3$" ll.4Z5.§ 100.08 6.410.66 276.64 08.00 Total mlscelleuieous Total Ontario Scale Total Doyle Scale Total cubic foot measure Total cordage Grand tStaj. 6.265,651 577,485 2,207,194 2,950,494, ^,J^J^ 316 -^,95^,494, 14 792,0'tD.lO 805,804.61 1.490.257 75,463, 505.378, 7,043,820, 9,134.837. TT _M37il53 11.657.702714 Chapleau Stammary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut During Period April 1, 195^. to March 31, 1955 Species Pieces Equivalent In Cu. Ft. Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale Red and white pine Jack pine Spruce 46,067 258,045 18.791 5,957,088 5,441,008 344,915 11,743,611 lill3,975.^6 1,017,468.50 64,499.10 g,lg'5.94S.C>5~ 29,785.46 21,764.03 1,379.67 52! 9^9. 16 26,820.99 13.00 ^b.m.99 56,606.45 21,764.03 1,392.67 79 Ml At Total Ontario Scale Doyle Scale Red and white pine Jack pine Spruce 1,262 104,626 40,991 41,145 1,911,265 373,201 2, 325, fell 10,286.25 837,134.07 141,443.18 $«8,Bb3.50" 205.73 7,466.33 1,492.80 $: 164.86 246.87 4,857.16 452.60 12,323.49 2,332.50 15,108.59 Total Doyle Scale" Cubic Foot Measure Sawlogs' Jack pine Spruce 145,782 2,604 148,586 1,121,423.99 20,634.96 1,142,658.95 1,121,423.99 20.634.96 1,142,658.95" 26,357.83 681.34 27,639.17 7,658.27 89.47 7,747.7 34,016.10 770.81 34,786.91 Total sawlogs (cubic" Tlmber7 Piling,' Boom Poles Booms Red and white pine Jack pine Poles Jack pine Total boom timber, piling, poles" Total cubic foot measure 35 8,571 1,113 9:719 1,198.25 90,739.87 11,074.23 103; 012. 55" 1,245; 071. jiT 1,198.25 90,739.87 11,074.23 103,012.35 70.53 3,599.51 388.40 4,058.44 70.53 3,599.51 388.40 4,058.44 381845.35 15B,305 1,545,071.30 31.09775T 7,747.74 Cordage" Pulpwood Balsam Jack pine Poplar Spruce Spruce export levy Total pulpwooJ" Fuelwood Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 257.66 127,315.68 11,571.93 33,763.69 ( 3,542.13) 172:908.96 21,901.10 10,821,832.80 983,614.05 2,869,913.65 (301,081.05) 14, 697, 261 ."5g^ 360.73 254,631.36 11,571.93 94,538.33 361,102.35 11.83 15,620.08 532.00 2,850.73 3,542.13 55;^5fc-77 372.56 270,251,44 12,103.93 97,389.06 _■ 3* 542. 13 1, 614.00 1.412.00 3,026.00 137,190.00 120,020.00 257,210.00' 1,614.00 706.00 2,320.00 46.00 [6.00 5?iTO" 1,660.00 1.282.00 2:942.00 Total cordage Miscellaneous 175:934.9b 14,954:471.60 363:422.35 23,178.77 386:601.12 Car stakes (birch) Total mlsceilaneouE 114 IPT 322,903 146,879 158,305 114.00 114.00 2,195,943.06 988,863.50 1,245,071.30 14,954,471.60 19,384,463.46 3.42 3T^»2~ 52,929.16 9,164.86 31,097.61 363,422.35 45b:bl7.45" 3.42 3752" 79,763.15 15,108.59 38,845.35 386,601.12 50US Total Ontario Scale Total Doyle Scale Total cubic measure Total cordage Grand total 628,201 ?34.96 ?3^35" 11,743,011 2,325,611 1,245,071.30 26,833.99 5,943.73 7,747.74 23,176.77 63 704.^^ 520,321.63 Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure - 5.35 Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. Permits Included In the above Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut Durlrvg Period April 1, igS't, to March 31. 1955 Speciea Peat Equivalent In Cu. Pt. Bonua ValtM Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale Ealsara Birch Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Total Ontario Scale 172 10,013 3,535 287,037 ^4,182 110,179 6,851 262,189 292,621 8,239,907 160,036 U869 ^ l,::',u. '•:.■.■ J. 29,926.73 i*7lt, Stil .30 786.58 1,463.12 32,959.63 ASo.ao !h^!5^ 2.41 1,028.92 11,873.02 92. 47 3.957.64 16. §58. 00 29.97 790.12 2,492.04 44,832.65 572.67 Doyle Scale Birch Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce 5S 22 Total Doyle Scale Cubic Foot Measure 1,5'*7 1,819 115,426 975 506^792 35,784 128,537 1,992,140 15,806 M 13,025.38 32,134.25 872,557.32 6,306.59 470,465.96 107.35 642.69 7,968.56 47.42 :m^ 778.20 10,956.77 6.828.60 107.35 1,420.89 18,925.33 47.42 "P"7 t> i»igfc3-?7 Sawlogs Birch Cedar Jack pine Poplar Spruce Tamarac 149 59 277,173 2,661 97,679 Total sawlogs (cubic y Boom Tlmber7 Piling, 31 zzi: 1,045.25 419.41 1,784,524.44 20,477.18 565,901.26 290.40 1,045.25 419.41 1.784,524.44 20,477.18 565,901.26 290.40 2.375,657.94 31.38 12.59 ,903.49 63,903.49 .41 21,008.30 8. 71 »5.3B7.fe 2.29 31.38 12.59 63,903.49 423.41 21,010.59 8. 71 Poles g|372>'>^7-9't igT59" Booms Jack pine Spruce Poles Cedar ^ Total boom timber, piling. polea 480.90 29,047.72 13,496.84 43,62^.46 480.90 29,047.72 21.08 1,563.87 586.38 21.06 1,563.87 Total cubic foot measure :ssm: ^,n5]bti3.w Cordage Pulpwood Balaam Balsam export levy Jack pine Poplar Spruce Spruce export levy Total pUlpwood 5. 415. 683 .'TO" "g:^ 29,581.99 ( 3,579.41) 44,861.46 921.17 411,003.71 ( 4,187.08) 486! 368. 33 2,514,469.15 41,414.79 3,835.07 ( 304,249.85) 3,579.41 3,813,224.10 89,722.92 4,570.98 78,299.45 921.17 240.33 34,935,315.35 1,098,865.56 150,788.78 ( 355,901.80) 4,187.08 41. 341. 3OB. 05 1,230,924.44 167.20135" 45,249.86 3.579.41 94,293.90 1.161.50 1,249,654.34 4.1&7.06 1.39»;i2^.09 Puelwood Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 1,734.84 10,007.47 li:74£.3i 147,461.40 850,634, 1,734.84 1.237! 663 !06 fTtt 2,625.23 8.611.^4 ^m Total cordage Miscellaneous 498,110.64 •T^W Posts Cedar, lln. ft. Cedar pieces Total rnlscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total Doyle Scale Total cubic measure Total cordage 555 g.986 — 3,541 415,117 206,792 379,752 4,438 4.438 11,499,513 3,413,602 2,415,683.40 2,219.00 3.583.20 44. IQ 271.64 ,.502750 315:83 2,150,408.93 45,868.58 16,958.00 1,394,489.50 13,731.36 18,563.57 2,415,683.40 87,559.21 2.29 42,339,404.40 1.237,663.08 171,699.60 48.305.788.43 1:3b5.138.06 207!25Trg5" 4.19 1.64 1,005.502 498,110.64 498! 110. 64 ,294.93 ,561.50 1,409.362.66 l!59§: 361.50 Gremd total Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure - 5.35 Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. Permits Included In the above Port Prances Summary of Voltime and Value of Timber Cut During Period April 1, 195^j to March 31j 1955 Species Equivalent In Cu. Pt. Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale Balsam Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Total Ontario Scale" Cubic Foot Measure 621 16,239 95.084 6,427 12,323 130.694 19,832 3,708,58 79.32 37.02 116.34 832,745 155,723.31 4,163.74 4,251.64 8,415.38 2,840,664 531,241.57 11,363.47 217.67 11,581.14 271,654 50,799.30 814.87 125.87 940.74 156,105 29,191.64 1,424.42 533.12 1,957.54 4,121,205 770,664.40 ' 17;B45.B2 5,lb5.32 23.0 et Boom timber. Piling, Poles Booms Red and white pine Jack pine Spruce Total boom timber, piling, poles Total cubic foot measure 157 844 138 7,628.54 5,436.93 3,239.24 16; 304.71 lb;304.7I 7,628.54 5,436.93 3,239.24 16;304.71 451.20 186.41 168,08 451.20 186.41 168.08 Z3s: 805.69 805.69 Cordage" Pulpwood Balsam Jack pine Jack pine, export levy Poplar Poplar, export levy Spruce 16:304.71 BO5.69 805.69 Total pulpwood~ Fuelwood Softwood Total fuelwood 698.82 40,317.58 (38,709.19) 28,872.51 (11,205.87) 27,805.02 17,805.02 '7,b93:93 59,399.70 3,426,994.30 (3,290,281,15) 2,454,163.35 ( 952,498,95) 2,363,426.70 978.34 80,635.19 28,872.51 77,854.06 1881340.10 266,74 4,570,83 19,354,61 4,126,60 1,120.60 8,121. 1,245.08 85,206.02 19, 354. a 32,999.11 1,120.60 8,303,9847^^ 37:560. Total cordage Miscellaneous 8,354,157.85 188,6^ 42.08 42.08 37,603.01 -5^ 22 337.22 22b, 238. gg' Posts Cedar, lin. ft. Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total cubic measure Total cqrdage 824 81?r 130,694 1,139 68 132,657 38,284.21 ?B,284.21 — i^ 4,121,200 16,304.71 2,884.00 57.68 2;8B4.00 57,68 770,664.40 17,845.82 16,304.71 805.69 8.354.157.85 188,635.24 9,144,016.96 '^or.m.w 5,165.32 37,603.01 42:768.33 57.68 57:^ 23,011.14 805.69 226,238.25 550,112.76 Conversion factor Conversion factor Ontario Scale to cubic measure cordage to cubic measure - 85 . 5.35 Permits included in the above Oeraldton Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut During Period April 1, 195^ to March 31, 1955 Species Equivalent In Cu. ft. Valu* Cubic Foot Measure Sawlogs' Balsam Jack pine Spruce Total sawlogs (cubic) 35 295 408 200.77 l.oyi.73 200.77 1.091.73 1,AA2.02 3.31 25.66 j<7.59 .60 7.64 10.09 3.91 33.30 ^ m Boom Tlmbe 2.734.55 ling, Poles Dooms Spruce Poles Jack pine Total boom timber, piling, poles 106 1,'»00.73 2,046 2.152 1.400.73 ?.65Q.01 58.18 58.18 Total cubic foot measure 2, B50 J^UL Pulpwood Balsam Balsam export levy Jack pine Jack pine export levy Poplar Spruce Spruce export levy Total pulpwood 25,266.38 ( 275.36) 137,799.37 ( 628.75) 49,906.28 284,866.01 ( 1,504.55) 497,»!».04^ 2,147,642.30 ( 23,405.80) 11,712,946.45 53,443.75 4,242,033.80 24,213,610.85 <■■_ ^27.886.7S) ( 127,886.7s: 35.368.95 275,598.54 49,906.28 796,782.82 1.157.656.59 8,938.09 275.36 12,460.72 314.38 4,962.67 73,109.46 1.504.55 44,307.04 275.36 268,059.26 31*. 54.^68: 869,892. 1,504. 38 Fuel woo? Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 85.49 ,487.08 7,266.65 g6,401.80 33,bb».45 " Total cordage " TOT 45.61 102,1175.53 TTSCr: Miscellaneous" Cedar, lln. ft. Total miscellaneous 131 — T3T- 2,890 1,048 17545- 39,793.26 ?24.00 jS4.00 10.48 10.48 10.48 lO.W 1,688.23 Total cubic foot measure Total cordage Grand total 301,410.61 ;01, 410.61 39,793.26 1,669.90 42 . 619,901 . 85 1,159,485. 62 45,660,519.11 l,l&i;i6^7gP' 18.33 102,472.23 105, 490.56" ^■^^^- 3,051 Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure - 5.35 Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. Permits Included In the above Gogama Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut Durlnt; Period April 1, 1954, to March 31, 3.955 Species Equivalent in Cu. Ft, Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Total Ontario Scale" 64,787 294,190 181 122,lfc2 481,340 6,444,233 7,788,136 7.167 2,149,534 16 38$,0Tg' 1,205,071.57 1,456,381.43 1,340.23 401,962.06 21,381.25 bl6,475.80 32,221.18 31,152.57 21.50 «,59G.13 31,481.43 14,051.85 1,637-55 63,702.61 45,204.42 21.50 10,235,68 Doyle Scale Red and white pine Jack pine Spruce ' 71; 993 .38 Total Doyle Scale Cubic Foot Measure 1,180 87,015 25,783 85,525 1,864,100 330,886 5,S85,511 ^^5,405.79 9b3,2o2.U4~ 427.63 7,456.40 1,323.54 47;i70.»3 119, 164. gl 513.15 10,252.55 1/ 819. 87 a 940.78 17,708.95 3,143.41 15,^ii5 21; 793. 14 Sawlog Jack pine Total" sawlogs (cubic} Boom TimberJ Piling, Poles 43,070 425, J81.27 381.27 425,581.27 423, $81 .27' 10,929.20 10; 92$. 20 10,929.20 10^929.50 Booms Red and white pine 49 Jack pine ■'•,063 Spruce 328 Poles Jack pine 13,446 Total boom timber, piling, poles l4,»»b 627.49 18,74A.71 7,213.19 100, 39 12bl98 .89 75sr 627.49 18,744.71 7,213.19 100,397.89 156.953. 28' 24.68 825.96 357.47 3,464.71 4:672.85 i 24.68 825.96 357.47 ,464.71 Total cubic foot measure Cordage 57:956 552:564.55 15, b02 . Qg ,b72.a2 15,662.02 Pulpwood Balsam Jack pine Poplar Spruce Spruce export levy Total pulpwood Fuelwoo? Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 138.92 17,786.26 2,311.70 38,650.15 ( 4,008.45) 58:887.03 11,808.20 1,511,832.10 196,494.50 3,285,262.75 ( 340,718.25) iS 194.49 35,572.52 2,311.70 103,850.72 5,005:397.5 141,959.43" 203.00 2,075.00 Total cordage Miscellaneous S,0Y5. 130" 17,255.00 17b, 375.00 61.165.03 630.00 5.19^:027.55" 203.00 1,037.50 1:240 50 143:169.93 Posts Cedar, lin. ft. Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total Doyle Scale Total cubic foot measure Total cordage Grand total 20 sr 481,340 113,986 57,956 61,165.03 16,389,070 2,280,511 552,564.55 653.302 6i:i65.03 3,064,756.09 963,262.84 552,564.55 5,199:027.55 9;77§Ibli.53 2.00 5755" 71,993.38 9,207.57 15,602.02 143.169.93 539,974.90 12.45 1,778.44 14,018.14 4,008.45 19,817.48 47,170.83 12,565.57 19,817.48 206.94 37,350.96 2,311.70 117,868.86 4.008.45 lbi:746.91 X^^ 19.817.48 162:987. 2.00 ■?705 119,164.21 21,793.14 15,602.02 162, t •79:573.88 319.548.78 i7.4l fHTTS Conversion factor Conversion factor Ontario Scale to cubic measure cordage to cubic measure - 85. Permits included in the above - 5.35 Kapuakaaing Sununary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut During Perlcxl April X. 195<>. to March 31, 1955 Species Boaixl Foot Measure Pieces Equivalent In Cu, Kt. Ontario Scale Balaam Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Tamarac Total Ontario Scale 7,^22 i»93 725 7,875 201,218 13 217,74b 91,944 37,946 19,550 318, 4o2 2,877,875 226 17.193.53 7,095.90 3,05.85 59,541.17 538,162.62 42.26 367.78 189.74 78.20 955.20 11,511.5>0 .6K 49.02 186.26 13.69 1,838.00 Valu* 416.80 376.02 91.89 955.20 13,I^J| Cubic Foot Measure Sawlogs Balsaiii Birch Jack pine Poplar Spruce Tamarac b2g,bgi.33 13, 10;. 10 2.0tlb.95 ^5«l?0T0g 16,201 132 15,576 21,956 1,094,761 Total sawlogs (cubic) Boom TlmberJ Piling, Poles Booms Spruce ^ Total boom timber, piling. i.ns 250 208,187.07 942.99 84,989.04 207,553.18 5,316,702.26 208,187.07 942.99 84,989.04 207,553.18 5,316,702.26 4,775.72 11.32 2,096.43 4,026.24 193,621.40 870.45 1,424.71 9,786.07 5.6*6.17 U.32 ^,521.14 t, 026. 24 203,407.47 i: b.iil^'.h^'.lb 204,5^!l8 12.0tn.23 Slb.bliiEI poles b, 391 1^135!2b7 68,015.08 bH'oig.OH 6e,01S.08 Total cubic foot measur'e Cordage bH;015.0H 3.HH7:735.14 5,8«7:73M4 12,0m .23 Pulpwood Balaam Balsam export levy Jack pine Jack pine export levy Poplar Poplar export levy Spruce Spruce export levy 25,062.80 ( 1,340.58) 1,157.57 ( 3.77) 7,948.56' ( 5.96) 389,291.99 (109,792.20) 2,130,338.00 ( 113,932.30) 98,393.45 ( 320.45) 675,627.60 { 506.60) 33,089,819.15 3,332,337.00) ;, 994:178. 20^ 35,087.93 2,315.14 7,948.56 1,091,370.50 16,108.14 1,340.58 71.70 i.Se 3,573.04 .60 170,655.25 2^386.84 1,340. 1.88 11,521.60 .60 1,262,025.75 Total pulpwooQ Fuel wood Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood l,13b,722.13 12 3,i22.5y 2,962.98 b, 0^^-57" 265,420.15 251,853.30 3,122.59 1,481.50 4,b04. 292.31 3,414.90 2,220. S4 4:b04.59 1,031.3^ 5.63?:tl 1,141. 32b. 22 302:^74.74 1.443.900.96 Total cordage Miscellaneous Posts Cedar, lln. ft. Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total cubic measure Total cordage Grand total 7.5B6 7'5Bb 217,746 1,155,267 58, 340 5H7W" 3,345,943 5,887,735.14 29,170. 351170, 00 563.40 583.40 13,103.10 207,600.27 2,086.99 12,081.23 302,574.74 429,546.45 l,3HO,599 429, 34b. 4§ TOO 625,691.33 5,887,735.14 36,511.451.65 1,141,326.22 l!3b2:ei2.99 ^STTTi 15,190.09 219,681.50 1^ ^m Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure Conversion factor - cordage to cubic mea8ui>e - 85. Permits included in the above 5.35 Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Gut During Period April 1, 195'ii to March 3I, 1955 Species Equivalent In Cu. Pt. Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale Balsam Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Total Ontario Scale Cubic Foot Measure Sawloga Balsam Birch Cedar Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce 12 44,502 18,252 570 10,933 74,2b9 442 2,369,163 461,876 14,274 ■ 530,997 82.65 443,033.^8 86,370.8J 2,669.23 39,296.44 b31|^52.61" 11,845.84 1,847.50 42.82 2,124.00 15,5bl.93~ (cubic i 199 565 442 11 S9,985 4,914 8,900 1,474.59 1,430.11 10,653.05 6,090.04 342,929.91 23,^75.36 '^^'.W'M 1,474.59 1,430.11 10,653.05 6,090.04 342,929.91 23,^75.36 27.55 31.15 490.10 365.16 8,907.62 289.59 .22 14,870.32 1,387.47 18.67 2,024.24 1.65 1.06 12.06 4,546.51 48.45 1,509.85 1.99 26,716.16 3,234.97 61.49 4,148.24 ■ 3<162.^ 29.20 32.21 502.16 365.16 13,^5'*.13 338.04 4,486. 1$:567.UB Total sawlogs line, Poles Boom TlmberJ ?': Booms Red and white pine Jack pine Spruce Poles Cedar Jack pine Spruce Total boom timber, piling, poles 597 441 1,073 6,870 5,420 4 14,405 22,402.06 7,459.50 32,996.88 56,538.36 84,639.10 47.18 204,085. OK- 22,402.06 7,459.50 32,996.88 56,538.36 84,639.10 47.18 -gOT:OH3.5H 1,296.51 329.58 1,852.96 1,938.25 3,592.51 1.79 9,011.b6 224,05 .^7 554 . 52 1,296.51 329.58 1,852.96 2,162.30 3,592.51 2.26 9,236.12 £6,443.60 Total cubic foot measure 6^1,83^.53 bBi:839.^3 22:099.50 6,3^4.10 Cordaee "89,421 Pulpwood Balsam Balsam export levy Jack pine Jack pine export levy Poplar Poplar export levy Spruce Spruce export levy Total pulpwodH" 5,935.51 ( 456.21) 116,079.09 (5,092.66) 1,112.39 (12,319.56) 92,393.^*3 '2.52) 0.42 (4,ic 504,518.35 ( 38,777.05) 9,866,722.65 (432,876.10) y'*,553.15 1,047,162.60) 7,853,4^1.55 10, 319: 535 .7^^ 7,813.26 232,158.18 1,112.39 258,701.63 499,7»5-4b" 1,071.78 456.21 27,680.50 2,545.35 134.80 1,231.96 31,843.01 4, 192.52 b9!l5fc.l3 8,885.04 456.21 259,838.68 2,545.35 1,247.19 1,231.96 290,544.64 4,192.52 5b8,941.59 Fuelnood Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 117.87 1,238.08 10,018.95 105,236.80 18.434:491.45 500 117.87 619.05 73^:9g ,522.Sb 10. 313. 324.19 b9, 480.35 128.23 932.88 1,061.11 Total cordaee" Miscellaneous Posts Cedar, lln. ft. Cedar pieces Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total cubic foot measure Total cordage Grand total 51b: 876.37 3,156 50 " J, 20b 74,269 89,421 24,175 lbb,H9b 216,876.37 216,876.37" 24,175 3,376,752 681,839.53 12,087.50 60.00 12,147.50 631,452.61 681,839.53 18,434,491.45 19,759,931.09" 241.75 5.00 246.75 15,861.93 22,099.50 300,522.38 33B:73Q.5b 96.43 w:w 18,300.92 6,344.10 69,480.32 94 221.77 338.18 5.00 343. 18 34,162.85 28,443.60 570,002.70 635:955.33 Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measvu^e Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. 5.35 Permits Included In the above Lindsay Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut During Period April 1, 1954. to March jl. 1955 Species Equivalent In Cu. Pt. Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale TSR Balseun Basswood Beech Birch Cedar Cherry Elm Hemlock Maple Oak Red and white pine Poplar Spruce Tamarac Total Ontario Sc Cubic Foot Measure ale 205 4,J*50 3,555 1.043 26,446 2,854 376 1,219 30,933 41,984 1,245 39,830 9,038 32,167 320 195,664 12,857 85,836 214,213 85,948 2,719,764 64,797 30,326 109,036 1,964,872 4,057,269 81,176 2,724,7*13 328,934 1,656,975 9.242 2,404.26 16,051.71 40,057.03 16,072.28 508,595.87 12,117.04 5,670.96 20,^.73 367,431.06 756,709.30 15,179.91 509,526.94 61,510.66 309.854.32 1,728.25 64.30 343.34 1,071.09 257.85 13,456.23 194.39 151.03 20, 2e 405. 6,627.91 48.4' 240.1' 770.05 162 18,671 71 01 .32 261.95 2,575.57 6,156.05 354.39 22,928.95 556.04 5,213.07 8.51 58.0b8.72 M 439.86 32,127.58 266.25 181.95 807.15 8,470.21 26,442.43 760.27 36,552.71 1,542.64 11,840.98 36.24 122. 005. 85 Boom timber, piling, poles Booms Cedar Spruce To laT boom timber, piling. Total cubic foot measure poles 7.68 4,670.21 4lb77^ ,670.21 4,670.21 7.68 4,670.21 23 248.41 2flH.WJ 23 248.41 248. b4 Cordage 248.64 248.64 Pulpwood Balsam Poplar 03" 54.50 419.00 ^ 4,632.50 ,6ip.00 .g^T-SO 76.30 419.00 5.45 Total pulpwo Fuelwood Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwoo3~ Total cordage ~" 28,772.50 11,366.20 401138.70 40:i38.7C 80:3Sb.2<: 'n-M gwife 22.2' 1 :'d 4l.bg Mlscellaneoua" Posts Cedar, lln. ft. Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total cubic foot measure Total cordage 4,226 4; 22b 195,664 172 18,900.00 18,900.00 2,645,300.12 4,677.89 80,386.20 2,749l2b4.21 ^ 8.00 8700" .66 4.88 4788" 58,068.72 126.59 58,200.19 .88 Grand total 200^ Ob2 ?45.72 545! 72 14,145,990 ^,677.89 ilS 900.66 ,464.43 122, ^:§ 123lbb4!bi Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure - 5.35 Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. Permits Included In the above North Bay Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut During Period April 1, 195^i to March 31, 1953 Species Equivalent In Cu. Ft. Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale Balsam Basswood Birch Cedar Elm Hemlock Maple Oak Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Tamarac Total Ontario Scale Doyle Scale Red and white pine Spruce 313 1,039 324 63,468 200 261 11,255 4,015 295 644,689 40,423 5,572 67,891 27,929 29,012 19,788 5,218,909 7,418 28,880 626,328 314,367 26, 652 59,623,526 1,370,124 168,675 2,943,488 -m 67,046 70,492, 5,222.72 5,425.24 3,700.36 975,935.98 1,387.17 5,400.56 117., 123. 34 58,786.63 4,983.92 11,149,599.36 256,213.19 35,282.22 550,432.26 138.67 116.05 98.95 25,482.33 22.26 144.40 1,879.00 1,571.85 133.27 299,127.80 5,480.50 566.03 11,773.98 201.14 346,736.23 66.94 98.51 74.78 44,239.19 28! 88 820.79 319.83 53.31 298,545.13 2,633.62 80.91 10,033.93 67.05 205.61 214.56 173.73 69,721.52 27.79 173.28 2,699.79 1,891.68 186.58 597,672.93 8,114.12 646.94 21,807.91 268.19 703,804.63 142^ 357,068.45 Total Doyle Scale Cubic Foot Measure Sawlogs' Birch Maple Red and white pine Jack pine Spruce 75,255 1,497 6,471,543 62,149 6,^33|6<)i 1,617,885.75 23,554.47 1, 641,440. gr 32,357.72 246.60 32,606.32 39,021.16 • 279.67 71,378.88 528.27 39.300.83 Total sawlogs (cubic) TlmberJ Filing, Pole 8,575 180 83 4,152 1,587 139,062.68 2,493.23 1,832.98 36,153.26 18,989.23 139,062.68 2,493.23 1,832.98 36,153.26 18,989.23 19B 53I.3S 9,039.07 162.06 119.14 849.60 769.44 ^0,93^:31 415.76 121. 9,039.07 162.06 119.14 1,265.36 891.22 11,476.85 537.54 Doom Boomp Cedar Red and white pine Jack pine Spruce Poles Cedar ^ ?otal boom timber, pillnc, poTsa 174 2,885 5,548 1,637 Total cubic foot measure Cordage 1,192 11; 436 26,013 2,000.79 69,922.04 73,913.10 31,808.03 ,051.96 1^ 2,000.79 69,922.04 73,913.10 31,808.03 194' ^5! 92' 393.227.30~ 74.75 3,540.21 2,951.24 1,526.74 04.26 16.23 d 8,797.20 ■TU723 3,556.44 2,951.24 1,526.74 704.26 8.813.4; 20,296.2£ 19, 73^-^1 553.77 Pulpwood Balsam Jack pine Poplar Spruce Spruce export levy Total pulpwood 17.94 2.987.95 3,660.85 1,354.39 (16.51) ~g702l.l3 1,524.90 253,975.75 311,172.25 115,123.15 (1,403.35) 681,1 25.12 5,975.90 3,660.85 3,792.30 18.43 312.74 157.41 164.19 24.77 677 i 54 43.55 6,288.64 3,818.26 3,956.49 24.77 1^131-71 rm 13,454.17 Fuelwood Hai'dwood Softwood Total fuelwood 3,247.00 1.10 275,995.00 J3.50 3,247.00 ■ 55 Total cordage Miscellaneous 3.248.10 11.269.23 US OB8.50 3,247.55 72?7T 957:884.55 TF 677.54 IT.TT'. Post 3 ft. Cedar - lin. Lagging SpruceJ lin. f t . Total miscellaneous Ontario Scale Doyle Scale Cubic measure Cordage Grand total 35,215 286,519 543,742 76,752 26,013 87,03 173^55 143,259.50 17,407.00 160,66^.56 13,182,030.55 1,641,440.22 393,227.30 957,884.55 2,865.19 — 3,7?5;^^ 346,736.23 32,606.32 19,736.51 16,701.72 2,865.19 870.35 87c — 3,735.54 703,804.63 71,907.15 20,290.28 17,379.26 817,116.86 983.455 11,269.23 11,269.23 70,492,142 6,533,692 393,227.30 La 16,335.249.12 419:516.1? 357,068.40 39,300.83 553.77 -__ ^?T-54 397,600.54 Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. 5.35 Permits Included In the above Parry Sound Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut During Period April 1, 1954, to March 31, 1955 Species Pieces Cords Equivalent in Cu. Ft. Valu« Board Foot Heaaire Ontario Scale X5H Balsam Basswood Beeoh Birch Cedar Cherry Elm Hemlock Maple Oak Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Total Ontario Scale Cubic Foot Measure 167 461 5,787 170 110,958 58 615 2,128 128,076 34,766 10,885 5,234 781 21,459 13,614 11,112 406,119 14,420 10,895,053 1,816 38,666 189,520 7,902,123 3.095.377 37,817 934,525 116,548 20,715 076,; "g^CT^ iSfc 2,545.82 2,077.94 75,944.25 2,696.54 2,037,374.91 339.59 7.230.54 35,440.24 1,477,697.00 576,835.50 7,071.78 174,756.18 21,794.48 3,873.70 201.308.68 4,b2b;987.15 68.06 44.45 2,030.65 43.27 54,455.'*4 5.44 193.33 947.63 23,706.39 15,476.97 189.11 4,650.94 466.19 62.15 4,290.31 10blb30.3!j 61.04 51.32 2,380.77 34.07 70,057.74 2.34 38.67 17,445!95 5,355.15 119.05 5,885.89 432.15 34.77 4,212.65 106!bbB.l6 129.12 95.77 4,411.42 77.3* 124,513.18 7.78 232.00 1,500.97 41,155.34 20,832.12 308.16 10,536.83 898.34 96.92 8,503.16 Boom Timber, Piling, Poles Booms Cedar Hemlock Red and white pine Spruce ^ Total boom timber, piling, pols 3,691.07 ' L.16 3,691.07 691.18 3,786.35 5,062.82 I3I23I.42 139-86 29.69 167.45 246.66 583.66 583.66 74.91 74.91 74!91 139.86 29.69 242.36 246.66 Total cubic foot measure 13,231.42 Cordage Pulpwood Bals£un Jack pine Poplar Spruce 151.62 1,316.86 2,486.52 24.52 12,887.70 111,933.10 211,354.20 2,084.20 33B:259.2Q 212.27 2,633.72 2,486.52 68.66 5,401.17 16.08 800.09 971.60 4.90 1,792:&7 228.35 3,433.81 3,458.12 :i2 m Total pulpwood" 3, $79. 52 FuelwoocT Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 2,076.04 44.00 •g,lg0.04 176,463.40 3,740.00 1«5,203.40 51»|462.bO~ 2,076.04 22.00 2.O9O.O4 7! 4^9)21 195.46 22.00 217.46 2,271.50 44.00 3u Total cordage" miscellaneous" Posts ' Cedar, lln. ft. Piling Spruce, lln . ft . b;099.5b 430 T(^ 321,916 759 6,099.56 323.105 b'.cmitu- 3,440 4,920 ■y,560 1,720.00 2,460.00 4;iH0.0O 4,628,987.15 13,231.42 518,462.60 ~5,it>4,8t;i.Tr 34.40 100.08 134 ;4H 106,630.35 583.66 34.40 100.06 134.W 213,298.45 658.57 ^509.34 Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total cubic measure Total cordage 24,753,942. 13,^31:42 106,668.10 74.91 7,499.21 2,010.13 14,847.70 108;v53.-rf" ^ Grand total Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure Conversion factor - cordage to cubic iaeasure - 85. 5.35 Permits Included In the above Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut During Period April 1, 195^j to March 31j 1955 Species Equivalent In Cu, Pt. Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale TsE Balsam Basswood Beech Birch Cedar Elm Hemlock Maple Oak Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Total Ontario Scale" 258 3,480 3,755 65,479 237 315 91,022 12,223 465 298,455 104,043 42,219 Doyle Scale Basswood Birch Elm Hemlock Maple Red £ind white pine Spruce ^ 4 15,620 2,724 515 217 21,168 103,138 203,660 28,585 6,014,919 11,166 33,980 6,314,610 1,002,663 25,271 19,352,853 3,475,908 2,124,454 2,603,280 4i:jl5:b5i? 3,956.42 19,286.81 38,084.42 5,345.40 1,124,789.85 2, 088. 04 6,354.26 1,180,832.07 187,497.90 4,725.68 3,618,983.51 649,994.80 397.272.90 486,813-36 50- 105.85 412.55 1,018.30 85.76 29,658.13 33.50 169.91 18,943.86 5,013.34 125.66 96,764.36 13,953.62 6,373.36 10,413.10 183;67l.3U" 48.16 313.31 2,074.27 161.70 39,992.52 17.11 34.26 15,884.98 2,850.59 3^1.90 126,739.76 13,284.56 3,040.50 13,136.08 491 1,542,052 1,215 234,945 49,348 29,466 88,650 139.94 561,306.93 301.32 62,260.42 12,287.65 7,366.50 5^«# 2.46 7,707.15 6,08 704.84 246.74 147.33 354.60 •5.65 17,733.59 13.97 1,057.25 567.50 338.86 ).20 154.01 725.86 3,092.57 247.46 69,650.65 50.61 204.17 34,828.84 7,863.93 467.56 223,504.12 27,238.18 9,413.86 23,549.18 4UO,99l.ucr 8.11 25,440.74 20.05 1,762.09 814.24 486.19 1,063.80 Total Doyle Scale" 20; 602 5(r 20.A2b Cubic Foot Measure Sawlogs' ■5aTc Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce 15 6,622 833 5,189 2,496 213.93 71,555.52 5,238.02 44,698.89 22,220.46 143,926.82- 213.93 71,555.52 5,238.02 44,698.89 22,220.46 143,926.t32' 9.52 4,210.62 199.04 581.09 988.81 9.52 4,210.62 199.04 581.09 988.81 5,§89.08 Total sawlogsr Boom TlmberJ PI cubic) •^?r^ ling, Poles Booms Red and white pine Spruce Poles Jack pine Red pine Total bodm timber, piling, poles 643.19 5,632.47 326,757.41 170J20. 3037; 643.19 5,632.47 326,757.41 26.42 295.34 12,886.04 8,073.93 21,281.73 27,270.81 4,002.30 4,216.54 8;218.84 26.42 295.34 16,888.34 12.290.47 25 " »:218.B4 Total cubic foot measure "CTTTt Pulpwood Balsam Jack pine Popla? Poplar (export levy) 1,524.75 744.19 3,903.80 (1,302.00) SiS 129,603.75 63,256.15 331,823.00 (110,670.00) 796,768.75 1.521:451.65- 4.65 2,134. 1,488. 3,903.80 26,246.50 33! 773. 33 455.15 27.68 309.10 130.20 1,893.87 2,816. oA 2,589.80 1,516.06 4,212.90 130.20 28.140.37 Total pulpwood" Fuel wood Hardwood 12.835.00 151.00 151.00 151.00 151.00 36,740.33 Total fuelwood 15.b§7.49 15:835.00 1,334:286.65 33,924.33 2.816.00 Total cordage " Miscellaneous" Posts Cedar (lln. ft.) Car stakes (pieces) (birch) jllaneous Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total Doyle Scale Total cubic measure Total cordage Grand total 484 1,510 3,872 1,936.00 1,510.00 3:446.00 7,726,027.50 677,261.11 647,680.87 1,334,286.65 38.72 IOT755- 183,071.30 9,169.20 27,270.81 33,924.33 553! 549. 86 9.68 5T5e" 217,919.70 20.426.02 8.218.84 2,816.00 549,390.24' 48.40 75.50 123.90 400,991.00 29,595.22 35,489.65 505!940!l5 — rrwr 672,921 20,602 51,751 15,697. 4q 747,568 15,697.45 3,875 41,315,655 1,946,167 647,680.87 10: 388: 702 .TT Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. 5.35 Permits Included In the above Port Arthur Summary of Volume and Value or Timber Cut During Period April 1, 195<<, to March 31, 1955 Species Equivalent In Cu. Pt. Board Foot Heaaure Ontario Scale Balaam Birch Cedar Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce TotaT~Ontarlo Scale" Cubic Foot Measure Sawloss' Balsam Birch Cedar Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce 3,525 304 3,021 36,710 62,it99 6,071 20,166 93,901 6,635 104,633 1,966,721 1,643,811 238,827 672.689 ^7571217 17,559.48 1,240.74 19,566.37 367,776.83 307,392.66 44,660.65 125,792.84 "SS. 375.61 19.90 313.90 9,833.63 6,575.25 716.49 2 . 690 . 76 255.96 11,472.40 4,330.82 81.89 631.57 26.55 314.08 21,306.03 10,906.07 798.36 4,680.26 w.bbz.m Total aawloj^s (cubic) Booms, Timber, Poles, Piling" Booma Red and white pine Jack pine Spruce Poles Cedar Jack pine 10,881 50 2, lei 225,535 11,792 27,565 42,687.40 200.71 3,011.15 19,788.18 1,047,280.72 54,259.14 165,495.12 42,687.40 200.71 3,011.15 19,788.18 1,047,280.72 54,259.14 165,495.12 1,229.30 2.46 36.75 1,037.80 28,085.4s 691.44 6,125.44 37,208.64 2.77 1.731.87 21.70 122.31 l.»78.b5 1,232.07 2.46 36.75 1,037.80 29,817.32 713.14 6,247.75 39,0»7.59 Total boom timber, piling, poles Total cubic foot measure 5 1,064 40 119 216.19 9,483.06 502.12 2,963.13 )6, 427.04 216.19 9,483.06 502.12 2,963.13 96,427.04 596,427. 12.97 326.82 21.17 153.39 5.10 5.10 26.27 153.39 23,760.45 TS^ Corda ge Pulpwood Balsam Balaam export levy Jack pine Jack pine export levy Poplar Poplar export levy Spruce Spruce export levy t 33,289.36 836.36) ^,635.03 (7,972.43) 12,822.90 (1,588.52) 297,276.71 46,605.52 129,270.06 12,822,90 832,374.81 ( 407, 86 j. 15) 34, b85;040.06 1,051,073.59 2,829,595.60 ( 71,090.60) 5,493,977.55 ( 677,656.55) 1,089,946.50 ( 135,024.20) 25,268,520.35 14,780.16 61, 852.47 i 8,358.71 137, < 3,986.22 3,; 498.25 13,; 85.68 52.47 137,628.77 3,986.22 . 13,321.15 158.86 158.86 108,743.44 941,118.25 142! 17b! go i.ibslsggJTg Total pulpwooa Fuelwoo3~ Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 1,176.30 20.00 99,985.50 1,700.00 101:68^.50 1,176.30 10.00 1,18b. 1,176.30 10.00 l,lBb.30 i Jb 409:220 34,783:725.50 1,055:259.59 145,17b. 50 i,ibn;i3fe Total cordage " Mlacellaneous" Posts Cedar, lin, ft. Christmas trees 14,943 43,330 58; 273 132,296 329,475 119,544 119,544 4,727,217 1,942,313.96 10 ;o r:~ 59,722.00 21.665.00 8i;387.oo 883,989.57 1,942,313.96 1,195.44 1,743.20 5;938.b4 20,525.54 61,1*83.47 Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total cubic foot measure Total cordage .220. 75507: 211 1,022,2SQ. 18,137.30 1.885.75 142,176.50 1 Gremd total 520,044 4C Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. 5.35 Permits Incluaed In the above Sault Ste. Marie Summary of Volume emd Value of Timber Cut During Period April 1, 195^j to March 31, 1955 Species Equival a\ t in Cu. Ft. ~1 39.59 9.42 98,007.99 7.58 •307.58 1,546.51 5,738.00 685.58 210,399.40 1,169.51 ^.38 Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale TEE Balsam Birch Cedar Elm Hemlock Maple Oak Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce 132 130 109,346 30 1,045 8,275 21,578 1,241 376,460 15,023 17 ■^6,727 12,795 4,518 10,498,101 3,181 122,252 807,839 1,900,876 155,234 38,237,470 699, 872 2,004 961,088 2,392.66 844.87 1,963,144.89 594.85 22,861.12 151,065.89 355,463.81 29,028.76 7,150,406.89 130,876.06 374.75 179,723.46 9,98b 778.01 64.00 18.07 52,220.35 9.52 611.29 2,423.46 9, 504.46 776.25 191,186.99 2,799.48 6.01 ^2.844^6 563,464.54' 103.59 27.49 150,228.34 17.10 918.87 3,869.97 15,242.46 1,461.83 401,586.39 3,968.99 9.39 ^~^, m^ Total Ontario Scale iJSS] Cubic Foot Measure Sawlogs Cedar Tamarac 9,771.87 1^68.00 11' 73? -87 9,771.87 1.568.00 11,739.87 383.09 59.04 445.13 383.09 59.04 4li5.13 Total sawlogs Boom timber 7 Piling, Poles Booms Jack pine White pine Spruce Poles Cedar ^ Total boom timber, piling, poles 417 1,356 2,874 2,874 9,151»64 18,303.28 5,360.23 9,151.64 18,303.28 5,360.23 16,355.54 49:170. 499.28 998.55 274.63 4.51 9.05 13.33 503.79 1,007.60 287.96 Total cubic foot measure b6!9i6.5b b0.9i.C).5i 3OT8I Cordage" Pulpwood Balsam Jack pine Poplar Spruce Total pulpwood "TF 1,851.68 5,775.12 2,615.57 6,470.89 >!7i3'5g 157,392.80 2,592.35 490,885.20 11,550.24 222,323.45 2,615.57 550,025.65 18.1 18. 4q .420! 627. 10 34,876.65" 479.54 518.41 10.88 606,20 1,615.03 3,071.89 12,068.65 2,626.45 18,724.69 3b! 491. 68 Fuelwopg" Hardwood Total fuelwood 138,805.00 i3b|bo5.oo" 1,63 1^ TS2 i«?^9:^3g.io 3fe;?o^-fag l,b67.03 3-BrrrE Total cordage Miscellatneous ' Posts Cedar, lin. ft. Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total cubic foot measure Total cordage Grand total 484 ifsr 550,004 2,874 387,200 387,200 53,405,230 60,910.56 i. 600. 00 5,656.00 5.08 5TC5- 321,673.28 30.83 1,667.03 353,376.52 .80 553, 3b2 18,346.26 l»'346.5'b 9,986,778.01 263,464.24 60,910.56 2,884.90 1,559,432.10 36,509.65 ii;B66,750.b7 302,597:51" 585,137.52 2,915.73 38,176.68 bgfc|g73-73 Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic meaaui^ Conversion factor - cordage to cublj measure - 85. Pennlts included in the above 5.35 Sioux Lookout Sunwiary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut Purine Period April X^ igS'tj to March JX, 1955 Species Pieces Equivalent In Cu. Ft. Valu* Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale Balsam Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce TotaF Ontario Scale Doyle Scale Jack pine Spruce 4,273 17,657 2X9,720 1,987 134,92s 120, Ojb 1,004,929 7.B53,277 2k 'w:^ M 6,454,234 22,447.11 199,141.72 1, 468,562. W 46,190.12 TSI3SH5 1,206,941.76 4/J0.14 5,324.66 3X,4X3.XO 741.02 25,616.94 sns: 94 8,7 190 J'- < 2,9*- ;. 7,9fJi . 8, 714 120 19.775. 7b '70.97 , '.01 , -♦.33 Ml i^ V.Ki-^ Total Doyle Scale Cubic Foot Measure T? 5,955 172,639 224,554 mm 75,615.80 690.55 b9b.22 1,596.06 2,020.99 2,286.61 2,919.21 Boom Timber, Piling, Poles Dooms Red and white pine Jack pine Spruce Piling Jack pine Spruce Total boom timber, plllnR, Total poles 115 2,413 6,801 53 7^ 4,120.21 46,848.36 182,337.19 4,120.21 46,848.36 182,337.19 233.70 2,128.74 9,613.01 60.48 62.60 12,098.33 12.0^8.53 233.70 2,128.7* 9,6X3.01 60.48 62.60 foot measure juET Cordage Pulpwood Balaam Balsaun export levy- Jack pine Spruce Spruce export ^TTCg" 21,002.74 ( 30.52) 49,348.56 146,802.38 Total pulpwo65~ -gjl^am ;i53.t^ 1,785,232.90 ( 2,594.20) 4,194,627.60 12,478,202.30 '^kM^ 23,068.73 98,697.12 411,046.67 ^35,812.52 2,833.82 30.52 6,467.10 25,012.22 17,622.67 25,902.55 30.52 105,164.22 436,058.89 17,622.67 Fuelwood Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 100.00 10,789.00 iq,88q.oo 8,500.00 17,065.00 2g:5bg.0O 3S31 gligbfc-SS Total cordage Miscellaneous Lagging Spruce7 lln. ft. Posts Cedar, lln. ft. 228; 042. 68" Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total Doyle Scale Total cubic measure Total cordage 23,628 100 23,728 378,562 12,474 9,460 8,395,342 800 8,358,142 15,739,404 397,193 235,922.14 1,679,068.40 400.00 1,679,468.40 2, 943, 28 J. 51 160,721.85 235,922.14 19,383,627.80 24,403,023.70 10,575.34 8.00 10,583. 63,775. 1,588.77 12,098.53 10,575.34 8.00 10,583.3^ 83,551.64 5,205.82 12,098.53 454.524 228,042.68 25B,042;b8' '^^^^ 19.775.78 3,617.05 Grand total Conversion factor Conversion factOr Ontario Scale to cubic measux*e cordage to cubic measure - 85 . 5.35 Permits Included In the above Sudbury Summary oi' Volume anu Value or Timber Cut Uu.rlnt; Period April 1, lb>^4, to March 3I, 195;^ Speclea Kqulvalent In Cu. Ft. Board Poot Measure Otitario Scale Ash Balsam Basswood Birch Cedar Elm Hemlock Oak Maple Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Tamarac Total Ontario Scale" Cubic Foot Measure Boom Timber, Plllns, 0 1,118 1,826 2,094 791 32 3.503 18 81 70,2tJl 46,503 2,073 13,44't 4 141,7/Tr 651 14, 4i.il 109,991 152,158 16,960 5,040 3Y'';,508 1,571 3,133 5,162,165 883,413 59,016 448,553 ^ 314 121.74 2,707.95 20,560.32 28,453.55 3,171.52 942.48 70,220.00 293.72 585.67 965,324,86 165,198,23 11,035.99 83,879,41 3.26 57.93 540.22 670.67 50.88 25.20 1,126.53 7.86 15.67 25,810.88 3,533.66 177.05 1,794.21 _„ .._ .94 33,B50.96 2.55 41.19 7'*.05 476.18 48.80 9.07 644.45 4.12 8.81 22,692.06 1,969.99 118. 13 1,382.80 1.27 Jack pine Total boom timber, piling, poles 10 18 128 2,024 5,180 272,98 221,39 2,3^7.79 272,98 221,39 2,347,79 21,608.39 1^.73 8,41 110.94 1,229.93 5.81 99.12 t>l4,27 1,152.85 99.68 3^.27 1,770.98 11,98 24,48 48,502.9'! 5,503.65 295.18 3,177.01 2,21 61, ^$4. 43 14.73 8.41 110, 9i» 1,229.93 1! 364. 51 1,364.01 Total cubic foot measure £,180 24,!330.5r 1,364751 2'*.530.55 Up Pulpwood Balaam Jack pine Poplar Spruce Total pulpwodg" 529.71 36,664.68 655.87 8,912.41 46,762.67 '♦S, 025. 35 3,116,497.80 55,748.95 741,59 73,329.36 655.87 ^'i>95'i.75 10.17 4,024,87 304 . 49 2.86 751.76 77,35't.23 960,36 24,957.61 Co 4,342.j& 104;523.$6 Fuolwood Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 2,760.00 91 . 86 2,^'jl Jib 234,600.00 7,808.10 !^2 i '" ■ ■ 2,760.00 '*5.93 Total cordage Miscellaneous ^^^^'^14:53 242,408.10 4,217:235.05 31^^ ro2;4B7. ^3^g-3g 2,B0g . 106:B2^.B§ Poles JacTT'plne (pieces) 4,008 Posts Cedar, lln. ft. 5,324 Total miscellaneous 9,332 Total board foot measure (Ont.) 141,776 Total cubic measure 2,180 Total cordage Grand total 60,120.00 40,478 4o;n7a" 7,232,954 24,530.55 20 239 .00 68.00 404.78 472.78 33,820,96 1,364.01 102,487.50 68.00 407.69 49,614.53 40 f.ia Krt 80,355.00 1,352,562,42 24,530.55 4,217,235.05 3,674;657.02~ 5T5r" 27,473.47 4,342.39 475759 61,294.43 1,364.01 106,829.89 169,964.02 133,588 49:614.53 138,145.25 31:b18.77 Conversion factor Conversion factor Ontario Scale to cubic measure cordage to cubic measure - 85. Pei-mlta included In the above 5.35 Swastika Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut Dui-lng Period April 1, 195^, to March 31j 1955 Species Equivalent In Cu. Ft. Borvua Valu« Board Foot Measure Ontario SceLle Balsam Birch Red and white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Tamarac Total Ontario Scale 121 5,783 19,560 735,835 27,599 150,181 756 7,077 104,597 1,91'*, ' 10,71"^, l,oyo, y^', 3,966,01:2 23.512 1,323. 'to 19.559.64 358,071.71 ,,4^9,945.86 204,003.72 7'«1,657.33 28.31 313.79 9.574.13 7^,650.61 3,262.46 15,659.98 30 0.77 1.74 ^L2 M: 7,218.78 59,892.77 607.32 13,980,76 30.60 59.0b 315.53 16,792.91 29, 8*0. 7* 101.13 Cubic Foot Measure Boom Timber, Piling, Poles Booms Jack pine Spruce Poles Jack pine Total boom timber, piling. soles 2,200 45 975 31,380.07 643.95 35,862.77 31,380.07 643.95 1,262.27 29.20 1,878. 1,682.51 33.50 1.944.06 Total cubic foot measure CordBKe r^gr TTESr. wr l.bbOA pwood alsam Jack pine Poplar Poplar export levy Spruce Total pulpwood 3,643.28 2,793.70 4,274.45 ( 106.22) 25,524.20 309,678.80 237,464.50 363,328.25 (9,028.70) 2,169.557-00 5,100.58 5,587.40 4,274.45 1,429.09 485-13 1,145.75 10.62 11,655.39 TOT 6,529,67 6,072.53 5,420.20 10.62 83,123.1, 01,156.17 Fuel woo? Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 2,170.41 1.942. 4fll2. 2,170.41 iJ71.20 Total cordage Miscellaneous Posts Cedar, lin. ft. 40:34H.43 ju:^ 89:571.»0 Ig,^ Total miscellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total cubic Coot measure Total cordage 1,69 "17^ 13,560 13,560 25,823,307 67,886.79 6,780.00 blTBO.OO 4,828,958.40 67,886.79 3, 429, 616. 5S s;33f;54i.fii 135-60 iB.bO 103,959-81 3,170.00 89,571.80 84 m 81,762. 490.09 14,820.66 220. 939,835 3,220 944,730 40,; i48.43 185.722.55 3,660.09 104,392.46 Ortind total Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. 5.35 Permits Included In the above Tweed Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut During Period April 1, 1954, to March 31, 1955 Species Equivalent In Cu. Ft. Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale Balaam Basswood Beech Birch Cedar Elm Hemlock Maple Oak Red Eind white pine Jack pine Poplar Spruce Tamarac 900 19,166 6,719 1,728 6,073 8,677 2,183 49,883 18,951 1,402 75,841 58 11,968 49,693 291 41,478 623,655 495.639 96,726 422,135 309.499 165,020 2,375,622 1,657.696 90,438 5,127,575 1,516 815,162 1,971,922 15,789 14,209,«72~ I' 756. ^9 116,623.48 92,684.49 18,087.76 78,939.24 57,876.31 30,858.74 444,241.31 309,989.15 16,911.91 958,856.52 283.49 152,435.29 368,749.41 2,952.54 2. 65?; 24b. 63 • 207.44 2,494.63 2,478.27 290.19 1,907.56 928.53 825.13 6,755.81 8,288.57 452.22 25,638.00 6.06 2,445.51 7,887.68 -m 97.52 1,081.14 2,049.43 262.28 2,583.87 224.19 219.29 3,646,23 3,160.25 286.69 34,205.85 7.58 677.74 7,419.02 33.91 55,954.59 304.96 3,575.77 4,527.70 552.47 4,491.43 1,152.72 1,044.42 10,402.04 11,448.82 59,843.8s 13.64 3,123.25 15,306.70 81.28 llb,b07.9b Total Ontario Scale Cubic Foot Measure Sawloga TSh Balsam Basswood Birch Cedar Elm Maple Oak Red and white pine Poplar Spruce 46 Total sawlogs ( cubic J Boom Tlmber7 Piling, TIB" 946 1,103.81 628.88 272.85 221.67 12.00 425.45 . l?9-f9 6,747.43 1,829.34 9.46 1,103.81 628.88 272.85 221.67 12.00 425.45 199.19 6,7^7.43 1,829.34 33 H ms: .68 27.26 135.55 12.41 5.33 1,02 63.24 17.53 1,407.00 65.86 119.89 53.90 4.67 11,56 41,26 111.39 .68 81.16 135.55 17.08 16.89 1.02 63.24 17.53 1,407.00 65.86 161.15 Poles Booms White pine Spruce ^ Total boom timber, piling, poles 575.96 65,459,18 66,035,14 24.60 5,629.5 24.60 3,629.57 ;;b5^:it Total cubic foot measure Cordage 111.39 Pulpwood Balsam '• Poplar Poplar export levy Spruce Total pulpwood 1,472.22 1,760.97 455.40) 621.95 3,B55!l4 125,138.70 149,682.45 {38,709.00) 52.865.75 2,061.11 1,760.97 1.618,99 5,441,67 426.77 170.51 45.55 91.36 734:19 2,487.88 1,931.48 55.55 1,710.^5 b!i75.5b Fuelwoo? Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 5.50 15.00 56.50 467.50 1,275.00 ..1:7^2.50 359,459.40" 5.50 16.25 ^ Total cordage Miscellaneous 3,H75.b4 5.^54.07 "g7W Posts Cedar, lln. ft. 125 Total miscellaneous 125 Total board foot measure (Ont.) 253,533 Total cubic measure 1,297 Total cordage Grand total 554,955~ 5,560 STW" 14,209,872 79,264.51 2,780.00 2,750.00 2,657,246.03 79.264.51 329,429.40 55.60 55.60 60,652.97 7,509.94 5,454.0' 2.91 58.51 5^31 116,607.96 7,621.33 6, 197. or 130,484.81 3.875.64 3lB-^5.b4 ',454.07 t! 675: 58 5-.-5r 55.954.99 111.39 742.94 5b,81S.23 Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. 5.35 Permits Included in the above VAilte River Summary of Volume and Value of Timber Cut During Period April 1. 1954. to March 31, 1955 Species Equivalent in Cu. Ft. Value Board Foot Measure Ontario Scale Jack pine 3tal Ontario Sceae 216,235 101 6,515,675 4.646 b^320l321 1,218,431.22 668. 8o 1,519,300.05" 26,062.70 18.58 2b,0«1.28 6,202.21 13.01 H, 215. 22 34,264.91 Cubic Foot Measure Sawlogs' Balsam Jack pine Poplar Spruce Tota tai sawlogs (cubic f Boom TlmberT Pi'"' 29k 11,000 3,646 1,180.48 68,910.92 30.47 1,180.48 68,910.92 30.47 m'.ijti'.iti 1,494!46 .73 28.44 1,474.65 iM9'll iMi:^ 57.71 2,969.11 l,025io6 ling, Poles Booms Jack pine Total" boom timber, piling, poles Total cubic foot measure 544.60 ?94.03 Cordage 1.993.1B Pulpwood Balsam Jack pine Poplar Spruce Total pulpwood" 9,658.44 60,144.68 1.55 114,731.35 lB4,53b.0B" 820,967.40 5,112,297.80 131.75 m^^ 13*521.82 120,289.36 1.55 321,247.76 3,366.78 5,724.69 4i!23i!ll 16,888.60 127,014.25 1.55 ^^M^ FuelwooS" Hardwood Softwood Total fuelwood 669.00 501.49 1,175. 49 56,865.00 42,626.65 15,761! 0^3. 3! Total cordage Miscellaneous Posts Cedar, lin. ft. Total nascellaneous Total Ontario Scale Total cubic measure Total cordage Orand total 528 J2§- 10,624 10! 624 6,520,321 98,181.31 5,312.00 5,312.00 1,219,300.02 ^,181.31 106.24 106.24 26,081.28 2,594.03 455,980.26 48^1 761. HI 106.24 216,336 15,263 185.706. 232.927 ititvvss: \f.l<^'.ml'M 8,215.22 1,993.18 45,260.69 106.54 34,236.50 4,587.21 ?01,240.95 540.230. Conversion factor - Ontario Scale to cubic measure Conversion factor - cordage to cubic measure - 85. - 5.35 Permits Included in the above