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Master Negative Storag Number CONTENTS OF REEL 72 1 ) Pennsylvania Department of Forestry Report of the Department of Forestry of the State of Pennsylvania for the years ..., 1918-1919 MNS#PStSNPaAg072.1 2) Pennsylvania Department of Forestry Report of the Department of Forestry of the State of Pennsylvania for the years ..., 1920 - 1921 MNS#PStSNPaAg072.2 CONTENTS OF REEL 72 (CONTINUED) 3) Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters Report of the Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters, 1922-1924 MNS#PStSNPaAg72.3 4) Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters Report of the Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters, 1924-1926 MNS#PStSNPaAg72.4 Author: Pennsylvania Department of Forestry Title: Report of the Department of Forestry of the State of Pennsylvania for the years ..., 1918-1919 Place of Publication: Harrisburg, Pa. Copyright Date: 1920 Master Negative Storage Number: MNS# PSt SNPaAg072.1 Microfilmed By: Challenge Industries 402 E. State St P.O. Box 599 Ithaca NY 14851-0599 phone (607)272-8990 fax (607)277-7865 www.lightlink.com/challind/micro1.htm IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (QA-3) 1.0 Li, j2.8 u 1.4 2.5 22 I.I 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.25 150mm // APPUBD^ irVMGE . Inc ^== 1653 East Main Street ^ Rochester, NY 14609 USA ^^ Phone: 716/482-0300 Fax: 716/288-5989 O 1993. Applied Image. Inc.. All Rights Reserved FROM THOMAS. BEAVER, aOUL^ OF E^SPBlDSEKTATIVIiS HARRiSBURQ» PA. 1 • » * It* • • • • « * » :• " • ••• * t * • t » * • « > « » * ' ^^'•- » ' > » 1 » > • > • » • t * i -. \ •\ •» • •• ' <. » » 1 1 REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA FOR THE YEARS 1918-1919. t ' • > • Ir • » « I » < • * « • • «•< ««• ^ ■■' 3 tpS^.^O^ PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY . STATE FOREST COMMISSION ROBERT S. CONKLIN, Commissioner of Forestry. DR. J. T. ROTHROCK. EDWARD BAILEY. HENRY W. SHOEMAKER. (HFFORD PTNCHOT. I. C. WILLIAMS, Deputy Commissioner of Forestry. GEORGE H. WIRT, Cliief Forest Fire Warden. J. S. ILLIOK, Chief of Silviculture. W. G. CONKLIN, Chief of Engineering. E. A. ZIEGLER, Director, State Forest Academy. cj.'\0*^'b (2) (3) ' iJ-*"-, LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL June 1, 1920. Hon. William C. Sproul, Governor, Harrisburg, Pa. Sir: I beg leave to transmit herewith the report of the Department of Forestry covering the calendar years 1918 and 1919. The work described was done under the administration of my predecessor in office, and the report was prepared by his Deputy, Mr. Williams. At my suggestion he has reduced it to a compact statement of results accomplished and has omitted illustrations. Respectfully yours, Gifford Pinchot, Commissioner of Forestry. (4) W (<>) COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY FOR THE YEARS 1918-1919. LAND PURCHASES. During these two years there have been purchased and added to the State Forests 30,919 acres, twelve and five-tenths perches of land, acquired at a cost of |70,028.21. The location of the areas so pur- chased is indicated by the following table: % 1918 I »■■ 1— — ^^—^^a^M I 1 > ■ IM I ■■ ■ ■ » ■ ■ ■! —1 ■ ■■■- ■ ■■ I ■ I ■J ■■ ■■ MM^M. II — M^W^ ■ I ■ »^— — — ■-_ ■ County From wltom purchased Acres Per, Cameron W. J. Leavitt Cameron & Potter Louise G. Hull et al . Cameron & Clinton T. R. PLirter & Co. ... Clearfield Henry N. Wilson et al Clinton A. E.^ Beck Clinton G. O. Dunlap Cumberland Jos. Swartz Cumberlknd H. nei)burn Franklin A. E. Hupp Huntingdon 11. G. Brumbaugh . . . Lycoming D. J. Ferguson Lvcoming .J. J. Stradley, Exr., . Mifflin F. W. Culbertson Perry M. A. Peifer Perry Chas. L. Darlington . Pike Vacant Pike E. T. Riviere Tioga D. L. Deane, Atty. Tioga A. R. Spicer Tioga A. B. Brewster Tioga A. B. Brewster 545 80 959 16 1 :^20 75 1100 59 128 842 16 194 1^ 434 40 95 09 27 64 .^>554 84 300 855 64 98 33 253 108 128.5 746 16 247 80 742 80 990 990 14,459 120.5 8 1919 County From tvhom imrchdHcd Acres Per, Bedford W. T. Donahoe Clinton (1. W. Armstrong Clinton Wm. Boyer Cumberland J. L. Williams Huntingdon S. H. Beaver, Assignee .... Jefferson Annetta E. Frazier Lycoming J. H. Connor Lycoming E. F. Deaji et al Lycoming Hiram Button Perry W. D. Heebner Perry J. C. Motter Tioga Dorothy Y. Welson Union White Deer Lumber Co., . . 18(i 268 356 193 4707 3200 94 500 112 251 1067 950 4575 22 120 117 120 133 4 45 40 88 15 104 42 16,459 50 PRESENT AREA OF STATE FORESTS. All State Forest land under the control and management of the Department amounted, on Januarj^ 1, 1920, to 1,048,692 acres, 107.72 perches. This land is rapidly growing into value and in many in- stances its present worth far exceeds the price paid for it. The State lands lie in twenty-seven different counties. One county added since the last report is Jefferson, in which the State now actually has title to 3,200 acres, and has under consideration for purchase nearly that much more. o ^ to * .s .0 S rt o lis .in ^ iri 03 a 03 £ 03 « '^ .2 C3 ^ = Ct OJ 5 ,jj 03 C U 03 > O Ai an ^ •J. u a > a o ^ 35 ^ -^ 5 o r-i O CL OS o '^ s o o Pi _ O ^ CS c s :i :^- o ft. 1^. » a a p 0 0 a o o o a? o a; o c ^ 0 P O P •— c3 . f^ ^ ;- fc. 1^ <; ^ p SI o rf P c' ^''^ jg G ^N r^ ^ g S ^^ K^ H. h^ P- ^ c o 3 c o o c . ^ f.^ «-• ^ .jfi £ oa ? £ -^ ^ A cc ^^^;^K 00 CI CO QO «^. |>« ^^ ^ C; o; sc P a C3 S C C or CS 5Q Ct t; ;-i 2 ^ rt 2 cc c3 'C "^ "^ 'p c c c c ;^ ;-i t^ ti4 jl. Ci- Ji- C- s: = G c »-< ^" •« ^* .^N .P^ .rM .^4 G G G G X c: o T-^ o c: o o »^H '^^ '^^ »^-^ •'-1 I 9 I 10 FOREST LEGISLATION. At the session of the Legislature of 1919, but three items of legis- lation, other than appropriation acts, were passed relating to this Department. The first, approved April 18, 1919, P. L. 78, provides a fixed annual charge of one cent per acre on State lands for the benefit of counties. A fixed charge for roads and schools at two cents per acre has been paid to road and school districts since 1905. Counties suffered from loss of tax by reason of State land purchases, as well as the roads and schools. This act enables them to be reimbursed for such pur- poses. Mountain counties can ill afford to lose any taxes for county purposes. The act of July 17, 1919, P. L. 723, provides for the condemnation by the Commonwealth of lands suitable and desirable for forestry purposes, and defines the powers and duties of the Department of Forestry. The purpose of this act is to enable the State to consoli- date and round out forest holdings and acquire for forest purposes suitable and desirable mountain tracts where they otherwise may not be obtained. It will likewise afford the means of procuring pos- session of small interior holdings where such possession is necessary for the safety of State Forests. Ordinarily the occupancy of an in- terior holding by desirable persons is a benefit to the region rather than a detriment. Occasionally the reverse is the case. The third item of legislation is an amendment to the original De- partment act, in which Sections 1 and 4 are made the subjects of the amendment. By this act the title of the State Forestry Reservation Commission is changed to State Forest Commission. The legislation caiTying the appropriations for the fiscal period June 1, 1919 to June 1, 1921, will be found as a part of the general appropriation law approved July 16, 1919, Appropriation Acts, Page 34. II » 11 FOREST PROTECTION. In 1918 the forest protective organization was composed of 1475 men. These are the forest fire wardens distributed throughout forest- ed regions of the State. The Department also works in cooperation with various forest fire protective associations. Under the law the following have been organized to date: The Anthracite Protective Association located mainly in Carbon and SchuylkUl counties; the Pocono Protective Fire Association in Monroe and Pike counties; the McKean County Fire Protective Association, chiefly in McKean county; the Central Protective Association, with headquarters at Bellefonte, which was quiescent during the war, is being revived. In addition, the cooperation of the State Police in collecting evi- dence relating to the origin of forest fires and assisting in investiga- tions was a valuable adjunct of the year's work. The patrol service consisted of men on daily patrol to the number of sixty-four on duty during the fire season months only. The Anthracite Protective Association, in cooperation with the Department, built two sixty- four foot steel towers in Carbon and in Schuylkill counties. The De- partment built a forty-five foot wooden tower in the Buffalo Forest in Centre county. In 1918, telephone lines were run to the steel tower in Potter county and the steel tower in Union county, both built in 1917. Telephone lines were also extended to the steel tower built in Carbon county in 1918 and to the wooden tower in Centre countv. The extension of the line through the Brush VaJley narrows was undertaken in 1919 and other telephone projects are being worked out. At present, ninety-two trees are used for fire observation stations. In addition, thirty-five wooden towers and nine steel towers were in operation. Nearly all are connected by telephone. The Pocono Pro- tective Fire Association erected three wooden towers and uses an ad- ditional private tower. Iron steps have been attached to the steel tower near Cherry Springs, in Potter county, making it accessible to visitors and others who desire a view of the surrounding country. The use of fire towers for ordinary observation purposes is found to be a useful and interesting adjunct to the work. The record of forest fires occurring during the year is believed to be more complete than any previous year's record. The peak of the fire season in the spring of 1918 occurred on March 31. The number of fires duiing the year was 1,625, 205 of which were less than one acre in extent and burned a total of only thirty acres. Fifty-seven burned over 1,000 acres each and covered half the total area burned. 14 If the total area of the State subject to forest fires be fixed at about 10,000,000 acres, the area burned during this year amounted to two and one-fourth percent of the whole. The area of State Forest burned was only 16,600 acres, or one and six-tenths percent of the State Forest area. The amount of direct damage reported by the fire wardens was $410,637.40. The indirect damage, that which is not the subject of accurate calculation and can never be calculated with certainty, undoubtedly amounted to many times tliis sum. There is a continual improvement in the average area per fire since the Bu- reau of Forest Protection was established. In 1915, the average acreage of each fire was 306 acres, which decreased through the years 1916 and 1917 until for the current year we have the average area down to 134 acres. It will be interesting to note that in 1918 every month except Jan- uary had forest fires. As usual, the railroads were responsible for by far the largest num- ber having known causes, their fires amounting to about thirty-three percent of the whole number. During 1919, the fire warden organization comprised a total of 1,502 men. Most of the Foresters returned from the war during the year and upon going to their stations were able to render useful serv- ice in forest protection. The one difficulty of this organization is the low rate of pay fixed by the Act of Assembly. It is undoubtedly a mistake in work of this character to fix a rigid and unvarying amount for compensation. Like any other work, this should l^e based upon the economic conditions prevailing at the time. The chief diffi- culty the Department has experienced in obtaining capable men for fire warden service is the unattractive compensation, the disagreeable- ness of the w^ork, and its necessary severity. Seven sixty-foot steel towers vnth steps and observation cabins were ordered in September, but because of late shipments cannot be erected until the spring of 1920. The Anthracite Protective Asso- ciation erected two new towers and rebuilt an old one. The endeavor to tie up the obsen^ation stations with telephone lines was continued and where commercial lines could not be obtained it was necessary for the Department to build its own lines. An innovation was the advertising in fourteen of the telephone directories lists of the forest fire wardens in the regions served by the respective directories. These lists not only give the warden's name and residence but his telephone number, or the name of the person or telephone exchange through whom or by which the warden may be reached. This particular feature of the work has been of the finest and best character and produced results in value many times its co«t. To realize how widely this information was spread it is * 13 necessary to say only that the lists were distributed in each issue of the fourteen directories in 252,000 copies, costing less than one- fourth of a cent for each list, an exj>ense so moderate and so useful in its result that the system should generally be extended. The De- partment could not have had these lists printed and distributed through the mails for anything like this cost. Cooperation continued with the various protective organizations mentionefl and their reports for the calendar yeai* ai'e on file in the Department. It will be interesting to know that these associations extendeer Pull Pred E. Hamilton Hull p. B. Woodward, I no Poyalsock Clyde Chapman poyalsock Wm. Henry liothrock Vincent Lumber Co McClure K. R. Wagner Brumbaugii S. M. Wagner & Son Bald Eagle John Gruver for P. & R.R.K.Co. Bald Eagle Cieorge Harman McElhattan Vincent Wolshans Barree & Bear Mts N. T. Krobs 79.77 1G10.52 106.50 1 75.50 No returns 79.40 2451.48 1399.95 720.00 204.32 4(>5.46 1013.68 No retunis 18306.58 Of tlie contracts for timber sales existing prior to the present re port period, that of .loel A. Culver & Co. was declared void for failure to oi)erate. The following contracts exi>irod by limitation: E. O. Meadow, George Campbell, O. L. Bailey, Clyde Chapman, and William Henry. 18 19 MINERAL SALES. The returns from the sale of minerals in the various State Forests, including charges paid for the use of water by municipalities, during 1918 and 1919, are as follows: Forest Contractor Receipts Parree Federal Refractories Co. No. 1 Barree Federal Refractories Co. No. 2 Caledonia Shippensburg water lease Caledonia Chambersburg water lease Hopkins South Renovo water lease . . . Pine Grove Columbia Flint Co Pine Grove Sandusky Portland Cement Co. Pine Grove United Ice & Coal Co Blackwells New York Central R.R. Co Penn Bessemer-Loam Sand Co Mont Alto E. F. Millard Mont Alto Mont Alto water lease (1918) Pine Thomas Moore 12194.26 825.04 56.06 311.92 35.70 38.89 1888.76 500.00 263.95 2903.69 438.18 .52 No returns 19,456.97 The foregoing amounts have been deposited according to law. RIGHTS OF WAY. The following rights of way at nominal considerations were granted the department by the individuals and corporations named, for the building of telephone lines in extension of the forest fire protective system : Isaac M. Omdorf, 157 rods in Centre County at the Woodward tower. E. S. Stover, 45 rods in Centre County at the Woodward tower. Blooming Grove Hunting and Fishing Club, one-half mile to an obsen ation point in the grantor's land. R. M. Cnim, line to a tower near Sinnemahoning. Barclay Bros., for a line to the Sinnemahoning tower. Commissioners of Union County, for a line along the road in Brush Valley Narrows. Road District of Pine township, Clearfield county, for line along the road to Clearfield. Road District of Huston township, Clearfield county, for line along the Clearfield road. Road District of Grove township, Cameron county, for line from Sinnemahoning to Wharton. Road Districts of Karthaus and Covington townships, Clear- field county; Benezette township. Elk county, and Gibson township, Cameron county, for a line of tele- phone along the Karthaus road. Permits for the erection of towers and the necessary rights of way were granted the Department by the following: Armstrong Forest Co., to erect and maintain an observation tower near Tamarack Swamp in Leidy township, Clinton county. W. R. Corter, to erect and maintain an observation tower in Ligonier township, Westmoreland county. Samuel Cummings, to erect and maintain an observation tower in Cook township, Westmoreland county. OTHER RIGHTS OF WAY. George Homer to the Department for a right of way to use a forest road over private property in Centre county. Wm. Armour to the Department, for a right of way to use a forest road over private property in Centre county. During the two years, the following miscellaneous contracts and leases were also entered into: Woodward Rural Telephone Co., contracts for telephone serv- ice at the Woodward tower in Centre county and at Ranger Motz's house. Ijcwis Miller, tenant, lease at will of a dwelling on the State Forest in Porter township, Pike county. Caprio & Grieco, tenant, lease at will of a dwelling at Paradise Furnace in Huntingdon county. M. D. Garber, tenant, lease at will of a dwelling in the McClure Forest. Frank A. Stees, tenant, lease at will of a portion of the Man- sion House at Pine Grove Furnace. O. A. Thomas, tenant, lease at will of a portion of the Mansion House at Pine Grove Furnace. 20 C. C. lieber, tenant, lease of a stable at Caledonia Park Franklin county. * State Game Commission, permit to build a house on the Bed- ford Forest for the use of the Game Keeper. State Game Commission, permit to build a house on the Buf- falo Forest for the use of the Game Keeper. James B. Shepard, lease of the restaurant in Caledonia Park Franklin county. ' School District of Cummings township, Lycoming county, per- mit to the Department to build and maintain a reservoir for supplying water to the Forester's house at Water- ville. State ffighway Department, permit to have and remove shale and flmt rock for road repairs from a quarry on the Caledonia Forest. On account of the foregoing the Department has received $93 00 and paid |35.85. PERMANENT IMPROVEMENTS. For a long time the Ranger's house on the Buchanan Forest at the mouth of Cowan's Gap was inadequate for the needs of the family In September, 1919, the building of a new house at a better location was undertaken and is progressing satisfactorily toward completion. Generally, the housing conditions of many of our people in the State Forests are not what they ought to be. A great many new homes with modern conveniences should be built and the families made more comfortable. It is too much to expect a family to live in an out of the way place, away from the usual things in which our people participate, and suffer inconveniences along with low salaries, which is the present state of affairs. Extensive improvements were undertaken at the Forester's house at Water ville. While the house in itself is of good quality the ex- ternal conditions and some of the interior fittings were unsuitable and the changes involved such corrections. The forest headquarters at Waterville are, as a result, raoe com])leted until 1920. The computation of new forest area and cost sheets for each forest begun in 1918, is in progress, to which all original costs are now referable. Additions may be made as new purchases of land are received. From the foregoing effort there will result a more system- atic indexing and filing of the title deeds of the Department. 1 1 li 24 STATE FOREST ACADEMY. The progress of work at the State Forest Academy during 1918 was of a character common to most educational institutions during the period of the war. The changes in the faculty, the low enrollment of students, the abridgment of courses, and the general unsettled mental attitude of everybody hindered the usual course of the school. Prof. E. A. Ziegler, Director of the Academy, entered the army on May 11, 1917, and after receiving training at Fort Niagara suc- cessively rose to the grades of Captain and Major, leaving the service with the latter rank on December 31, 1918. Prof. J. 8. Illick was placed in charge of the Academy as Acting Director and guided its activities in a most commendable and satisfactory manner. Upon the return of Prof. Ziegler, wlio then avsumed charge, Prof. Illick was transferred to Harrisburg to take charge of the Bureau of Silviculture. Dr. E: p. Deatrick entered the Chemical Service of the army on March 13, 1918, and was discharged February 7, 1919,resuming his courses at the Academy. George A. Ketan and Walter B. Evans resigned. George S. Perry a graduate of the class of 1913, was appointed July 1st and in addi- tion to his faculty duties given charge of the Mont Alto nursery. Willard M. Drake was appointed September 15, 1918, coming from the University of Montana. Prof. Drake is a graduate of the Uni- versity of Michigan. The 1918 enrollment is the lowest in the history of the school. Nearly all the students are of military age. At the end of May the student body was reduced to ten. The graduating class for the yeiir contained but four men. The Academy closed for the summer at the end of June and the students were assigned to the State Forests for practical work. September, 1918, saw the entry of ten new students, having passed the required examinations and qualified. The dormitory and campus were equipped with electric light^^, a much-needed improvement. A stereopticon was furnished for class room work. Students began buying their own textbooks so as to build up a personal library. Mr. Staley, Forester on the Mont Alto Forest, assumed full charge of the course in Trucks and Mechanics. During the period of the war, thirteen of the thirty-one students enrolled, or forty-two percent, entered the service. Only two of them failed to return to the Academy. We regret to record that Andrew 25 L. AuWerter fell in action November 4, 1918, while fighting with the Marines at \'erdun. His heroism has been commemorated by his fellow students who have placed a bronze memorial in the main hall of the dormitory. It is later intended that the tablet shall be mounted on a boulder surrounded by a suitable group of memorial trees. The local post of the American legion has l)een named in honor of student AuWerter. A new class of nine men entered in September, 1919. The graduates of the year were seven in number, four in August and three in December. Some changes have been made in the curriculum so as to organize the teaching more effectually. Provision was also made with the Federal Board of Vocational Education to receive injured service men for such work and under such conditions as might be best con- ducive to their recovery, but so far no one has been admitted. The Academy now seems to be back in its normal condition both as to numl)er of students, faculty, and curriculum. To date 107 men have been graduated from this institution. Fifty-two are Foresters in th« employ of the Department; two are in other State departments; eleven are engaged in forest or forest products work outside of State service. Sixty percent of the graduates, therefore, are following their profession. The failure of government salaries to keep up with outside wages and the cost of living is probably the most potent reason why these men have gone into other business. The courses at the Academy have been advanced so as to be on equality with the forestry courses given in the other schools of the country. In addi- tion to this we have the practical work of the forest right at the doors of the institution, and this make^ the Mont Alto Academy the ideal school for training in forestry. DEPARTMENT FINANCES. The appropriations made at the session of the Legislature in 1917 for the Department totaled in the aggregate |723,000 and at the session of 1919, ^899,200, disregarding the amounts appropriated for road, school, and county purposes in lieu of taxes. Parts of these ap- propriations have been spread over the two calendar years for which i-eport is being made. The expenditures made directly upon the various forests in 1918 amounted to ?200,089.73 and the receipts from the forests for the same year from various revenue sources amounted to 124,410.24, or twelve and one tenth percent of the annual amount 22 This amount was calculated upon an ownership of 1,014,048 acres of land subject to charge during that year. In 1919, there was paid in the same manner to the various road districts an aggregate sum of |20,538.01 after deducting $231.47 to cover amounts due by certain road districts to the Commonwealth. The gross amount was calculated upon an area of 1,038,474 acres then held and subject to charge. For school purposes there was paid in the aggregate $20,476.80 calculated upon 1,023,840 acres of State land subject to charge, the difference in the area being caused by the fact that in making settlements for several large purchases school tax had already been paid by the grantors, and others failed to levy the four mill tax required by law. In accordance with the most recent act of Assembly relating to fixed charges on State land, there was paid in 1919 to the various counties for county purposes the sum of f 10,377.27 based upon an area of 1,037,727 acres, of which amount, however, one check amount- ing to $603.76 was returned to the Treasury because the county in question, Tioga, owed money to the Commonwealth. CAMP LEASES AND PERMITS. During the unsettled war conditions forest camping declined. With the return of peace our people are again turning to the forest for recreation. In 1918, 278 permits for temporary camps were issued to 1,256 people. In 1919, 364 temporary permits were issued to 2,231 people. Where formal leases are executed for the possession of a camp site, carrying with it the right to erect buildings of more or less permanent character and which are known as permanent camp leases, thirty-nine were let during 1918, and 112 in 1919. A number of these were subsequently revoked or withdrawn, leaving in force December thirty-first, 1919, 514 camp sites under permanent lease. At most of these sites the lessees have erected cabins or cottages, cleared up the grounds, improved the appearance of the locality, re- paired roads, and have generally put these places into a more pre- sentable condition. The presence of the temporary and permanent campers in the State Forests is a distinct asset of the Department and practically all who are so favored become firm and fast friends of forestry. 23 SURVEYS. During the period under report, surveys of State Forest lands, boundary lines, and map making went on under the direction of Chief Engineer Moore, assisted by Surveyor Wetzel and Foresters Bietsch, Spangler, Hogeland, Barnes, Miller, Rowland, Breneman, McNulty, Buch, and Bates. All boundary lines established have been clearly marked. Some of the most valuable map work was accom- plished during the period. Map 3-C-14, which is 36 inches wide and 90 inches long, covers a tract of territory 22 miles wide and 40 miles long. The value of this map to the Department is very great. Other maps previously begun were finished. A great mass of detailed drafting called for by the needs of the Department was completed at intervals. The new series maps completed during this period cover territory in Centre, Clearfield, Potter, Tioga, McKean, Mifflin, Snyder, Jefferson, Lycoming, and Sullivan counties. New Foresters' maps completed and ready for use cover the Buchanan, Ole Bull, Kettle Creek, Coudersport, Young Womans Creek, and Jefferson Forests. Forty-four of the foresters' maps are now completed and available for use. They contain data relating to roads, fire lanes, trails, camp sites, and other intimate forest working material. New data are added from time to time. Seventeen of the game refuges are located on State lands, to-wit, Hopkins, Clearfield, Mont Alto, Pennypacker, Stuart, Penn, Black, Loyalsock, Greenwood, Lackawanna, Hull, Asaph, Sizenille, Buffalo, Rothrock, Haldeman, and Brumbaugh State Forests. The total area of State land comprised within these game refuges amounts to 39,626 aci'es. In addition to the line surveying and other work indicated, addi- tional work was carried on as follows: The drainage of a swamp in front of the Forester's house at Water- ville, building a retaining wall, concreting a spring, and installing a water supply and septic system. The reconstruction of the forest road from Pine Grove Furnace to Caledonia, from May 1 in charge of the Chief Engineer until he was relieved by the return from war sendee of Forester W. Gard Conklin. Beginning of the construction of a new house for the Forest Ranger in the Buchanan Forest, which will not be completed until 1920. The computation of new forest area and cost sheets for each forest begun in 1918, is in progress, to which all original costs are now referable. Additions may be made as new purchases of laud are received. From the foregoing effort there will result a more system- atic indexing and filing of the title deeds of the Department. 24 STATE FOREST ACADEMY. The progress of work at the State Forest Academy during 1918 was of a character common to most educational institutions during the period of the war. The changes in the faculty, the low enrollment of students, the abridgment of courses, and the general unsettled mental attitude of everybody hindered the usual course of the school. Prof. E. A. Ziegler, Director of the Academy, entered the army on May 11, 1917, and after receiving training at Fort Niagara suc- cessively rose to the grades of Captain and Major, leaving the service with the latter rank on December 31, 1918. Prof. J. S. Illick was placed in charge of tlie Academy as Acting Director and guided its activities in a most commendable and satisfactory manner. Upon the return of Prof. Ziegler, who then assum.ed charge. Prof. Illick was transferred to Harrisburg to t