REPORT OF THE SECRETARY _ OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
AND | FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF
THE BOARD OF REGENTS
1937
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON, D. C.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
AND
FINANCIAL REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS
FOR THE
YEAR ENDED JUNE 30 Wd
(Publication 3449)
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1937
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. - - - - - - - - - - Price 20 cents
CONTENTS
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EAU] SUBNATIONAL Nay aN aS
J yl SEPERATE eo e eaten Rayner oe Raye Alen, Appendix 1. Report on the United States National Museum________-__- 2. Report on the National Collection of Fine Arts____________
38. Report on the Freer Gallery of Art______________________-
4, Report on the Bureau of American Ethnology_____________
5. Report on the International Exchange Service_____________
6. Report on the National Zoological Park________________.-
7. Report on the Astrophysical Observatory_____.__________-
8. Report on the Division of Radiation and Organisms-_-_-__-_-___
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Report of the executive committee of the Board of Regents
THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
June 30, 1937
Presiding officer ex officio FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, President of the United States. Chancelior—CHARLES HvANS HuGHES, Chief Justice of the United States. Members af the Institution: FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT, President of the United States. JOHN N. GARNER, Vice President of the United States. CHARIES EVANS HucuHEs, Chief Justice of the United States. CorDELL HULL, Secretary of State. HENRY MorGENTHAU, Jr., Secretary of the Treasury. A GEORGE H. DERN, Secretary of War. byt at P HioMEFR S. CumMINnGs, Attorney General. ‘ James A. HARLEY, Postmaster General. CLAUDE A. SWANSON, Secretary. of the Navy. Hanrotp L. Ickes, Secretary of the Interior. Himrnry A. WALLACE, Secretary of Agriculture. DANiEr C. Roper, Secretary of Commerce. FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary of Labor. Regents of the Institution: CHarRLeS EvANS HuGcuHeEs, Chief Justice of the United States, Chancellor. JOHN N. GARNER, Vice President of the United States. JOSEPE T. Rorrnson, Member of the Senate. M. M. Logan, Member of the Senate. CHARLES lL. MCNARyY, Member of the Senate. T. ALAN GOLDSBOROUGH, Member of the House of Representatives. CHARLES L. GirrorD, Member of the House of Representatives. CLARENCE CANNON, Member of the House of Representatives. Freperic A. DELANO, citizen of Washington, D. C. JoHNn C. Merriam, citizen of Washington, D. C. R. WALTON Moors, citizen of Virginia. RopeRT W. BINGHAM, citizen of Kentucky. AvuGustTus P. Lorine, citizen of Massachusetts. RoLanp S. Morris, citizen of Pennsylvania. Heecutive committee—Freperic A. DELANO, JoHN C. Merriam, R.. WALTON MOORE. Secretary.—CHARLES G. ABBOT. Assistant Secretary — ALEXANDER. WETMORE. Administrative assistant to the Secretary— Harry W. Dorsty. Treasurei.—NIcHOLAS W. DorsEy. Hditor—WeEBSTER P. TRUE. Librarian.—WIiLLiam L. Corsin, Personnel officer.—HELEN A. OLMSTED. Property clerk—JAMES H. HItt.
VI ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1987
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Keeper ex officio CHARLES G. ABBOT. Assistant Secretary (in charge) —ALEXANDER WETMORE. Asgociate director—JOHN H. GRAF.
SCIENTIFIC STAFF
DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY : Frank M. Setzler, acting head curator; W. H. Egberts, chief pre- parator.
Division of Ethnology: H. W. Krieger, curator; H. B. Collins, Jr., assistant eurator; Arthur P. Rice, collaborator.
Section of Musical Instruments: Hugo Worch, custodian. Section of Ceramics: Samuel W. Woodhouse, collaborator.
Division of Archeology: Neil M. Judd, curator; Waldo R. Wedel, assistant curator; R. G. Paine, aid; J. Townsend Russell, honorary assistant cura- tor of Old World archeology.
Division of Physical Anthropology: AleS Hrdlicka, curator; Thomas D. Stewart, assistant curator.
Collaborators in anthropology: George Grant MacCurdy; D. I. Bush- nell, Jr. Associate in historic archeology: Cyrus Adler.
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY: Leonhard Stejneger, head curator; W. L. Brown, chief taxidermist.
Division of Mammals: Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., curator; Remington Kellogg, assistant curator; A. J. Poole, scientific aid; A. Brazier Howell, collabo- rator.
Division of Birds: Herbert Friedmann, curator; J. H. Riley, associate curator; Alexander Wetmore, custodian of alcoholic and skeleton col- lections; Casey A. Wood, collaborator; Arthur C. Bent, collaborator.
Division of Reptiles and Batrachians: Leonhard Stejneger, curator; Doris M. Cochran, assistant curator.
Division of Fishes: Leonard P. Schultz, assistant curator; E. D. Reid, aid.
Division of Insects: L. O. Howard, honorary curator; Edward A. Chapin, curator; William Schaus, honorary assistant curator; B. Preston Clark, collaborator.
Section of Hymenoptera: S. A. Rohwer, custodian; W. M. Mann, assist- ant custodian; Robert A. Cushman, assistant custodian.
Section of Myriapoda: O. F. Cook, custodian.
Section of Diptera: Charles T. Greene, assistant custodian.
Section of Coleoptera: L. L. Buchanan, specialist for Casey collection.
Section of Lepidoptera: J. T. Barnes, collaborator.
Section of Hemiptera: W. L. McAtee, acting custodian.
Section of Forest Tree Beetles: A. D. Hopkins, custodian.
Division of Marine Invertebrates: Waldo L. Schmitt, curator; C. R. Shoe- maker, assistant curator; James O. Maloney, aid; Mrs. Harriet Rich- ardson Searle, collaborator; Max M. Ellis, collaborator; Maynard M. Metcalf, collaborator; J. Percy Moore, collaborator; Joseph A. Cushman, collaborator in Foraminifera; Charles Branch Wilson, collaborator in Copepoda.
Division of Mollusks: Paul Bartsch, curator; Harald A. Rehder, assistant curator; Joseph P. E. Morrison, senior scientific aid; Mary Breen, col- laborator.
Section of Helminthological Collections: Maurice C. Hall, custodian.
ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937 ovat
DEPARTMENT OF BioLogy—Continued.
Division of Echinoderms: Austin H. Clark, curator.
Division of Plants (National Herbarium): W. R. Maxon, curator; Hlls- worth P. Killip, associate curator; Emery C. Leonard, assistant curator ; Conrad V. Morton, aid; Egbert H. Walker, aid; John A. Stevenson, custodian of C. G. Lloyd mycological collection.
Section of Grasses: Agnes Chase, custodian.
Section of Cryptogamic Collections: O. F. Cook, assistant curator. Section of Higher Algae: W. IT. Swingle, custodian.
Section of Lower Fungi: D. G. Fairchild, custodian.
Section of Diatoms: Paul S. Conger, custodian.
Associates in Zoology: C. Hart Merriam, Mary J. Rathbun, C. W. Stiles, Theodore S. Palmer, William B. Marshall. &
Associate Curator in Zoology: Hugh M. Smith.
Associate in Marine Sediments: T. Wayland Vaughan.
Collaborator in Zoology: Robert Sterling Clark.
Collaborators in Biology: A. K. Fisher, David C. Graham.
DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY : R. S. Bassler, head curator; Jessie G. Beach, aid.
Division of Physical and Chemical Geology (systematic and applied) : W. F. Foshag, curator; Edward P. Henderson, assistant curator.
Division of Mineralogy and Petrology: W. F. Foshag, curator; Frank L. Hess, custodian of rare metals and rare earths.
Division of Stratigraphic Paleontology: Charles E. Resser, curator; Gustav A. Cooper, assistant curator; Margaret W. Moodey, aid for Springer collection.
Section of Invertebrate Paleontology: T. W. Stanton, custodian of Mesozoic collection; Paul Bartsch, curator of Cenozoic collection.
Division of Vertebrate Paleontology: Charles W. Gilmore, curator; C. Lewis Gazin, assistant curator; Norman H. Boss, chief preparator.
Associate in Mineralogy: W. T. Schaller.
Associate in Paleontology: E. O. Ulrich.
Associate in Petrology: Whitman Cross.
DEPARTMENT OF ARTS AND INDUSTRIES: ; Carl W. Mitman, head curator. Division of Engineering: Frank A. Taylor, curator. Section of Mechanical Technology: Frank A. Taylor, in charge; Fred C. Reed, scientific aid. Section of Aeronautics: Paul EH. Garber, assistant curator. Section of Mineral Technology: Carl W. Mitman, in charge. Division of Textiles: Frederick L. Lewton, curator; Mrs. E. W. Rosson, aid. * Section of Wood Technology: William N. Watkins, assistant curator. Section of Organic Chemistry: Aida M. Doyle, aid.
Division of Medicine: Charles Whitebread, assistant curator.
Division of Graphic Arts: R. P. Tolman, curator; C. Allen Sherwin, scien- tifie aid.
Section of Photography: A. J. Olmsted, assistant curator. DIvISION oF History: T. T. Belote, curator; Charles Carey, assistant curator ; Mrs. C. L. Manning, philatelist. Chief of correspondence and documents.—H. S. BRYANT. Assistant chief of correspondence and documents.—L.. E. COMMERFORD. Superintendent of buildings and labor.—R. H. TREMBLY. Assistant superintendent of buildings and labor.—CHARLES C. SINCLAIR.
VII ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937 EHditor.—PAvuL H. OEHSER.
Engineer.—C. R. DENMARK.
Accountant and auditor.—N. W. DORSEY.
Photographer.—A. J. OLMSTED.
Property clerk.—LAWRENCE L. OLIVER,
Assistant librarian.—LEILA F. CLARK.
NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART
Trustees: The CHIEF JUSTICE of the UNITED STATES. THE SECRETARY OF STATE. The SECRETARY of the TREASURY. The’ SEcRETARY of the SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. Davin K. EH. Bruce. DUNCAN PHILLIPS. S. PARKER GILBERT. DoNALD D. SHEPARD. ANDREW W. MELLON.
NATIONAL COLLECTION OF FINE ARTS
Acting Director.—RUvEL P. ToLMAN.
FREER GALLERY OF ART
Curator.—JOHN HELLERTON LODGE. Associate curator—CarRL WHITING BISHOP. Assistant curator —GRack DUNHAM GUEST. Assistant.— ARCHIBALD G. WENLEY. Superintendent.—JoHN BUNDY.
BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
Chief—MATTHEW W. STIRLING.
Hihnologisits—JOHN P. HARRINGTON, JOHN N. B. HEWITT, TRUMAN MICHELSON, JOHN R. SWANTON, WILLIAM D. STRONG.
Archeologist.—KFKRANK H. H. RoBErtTs, Jr.
Associate anthropologist JULIAN H. STEWARD.
Editor.—STANLEY SEARLES.
Librarian.—Miriam B. KETCHUM.
Tllustrator.—EpDWwINn G. CASSEDY.
INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGES
Secretary (in charge).—CHARLES G. ABBOT. Chief clerk.—CoAtEs W. SHOEMAKER.
NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK
Director.—WILLIAM M. MANN. Assistant director—ERNEST P. WALKER.
ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY
Director —CHARLES G. ABBOT.
Assistant director.—LoyaAL B. ALDRICH.
Research assistant. FREDERICK H. Fow es, Jr. Associate research assistant.—WILLIAM H. Hoover.
DIVISION OF RADIATION AND ORGANISMS
Director.—CHARLES G. ABBOT.
Assistant director.—HARL S. JOHNSTON.
Associate research assistant——HpwarD D. MCALISTER. Assistant in radiation research.—LELAND B. CLARK. Research associate.—FELORENCE HE. METER.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
Cc. G. ABBOT FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1937
To the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution.
GENTLEMEN: I have the honor to submit herewith my report show- ing the activities and condition of the Smithsonian Institution and the Government bureaus under its administrative charge during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937. The first 24 pages contain a sum- mary account of the affairs of the Institution, and appendixes 1 to 10 give more detailed reports of the operations of the National Mu- seum, the National Collection of Fine Arts, the Freer Gallery of Art, the Bureau of American Ethnology, the International Ex- changes, the National Zoological Park, the Astrophysical Observa- tory, the Division of Radiation and Organisms, the Smithsonian. library, and of the publications issued under the direction of the Institution. On page 117 is the financial report of the executive com- mittee of the Board of Regents.
OUTSTANDING EVENTS
The most notable event of the year was the establishment of the new National Gallery of Art as a bureau of the Smithsonian Insti- tution, the result of the munificent gift by Andrew W. Mellon of bis great art collection and funds exceeding $10,000,000 for the con- struction of a suitable gallery building.
The equipment of the National Zoological Park was greatly im- proved by the completion, under a P. W. A. grant, of three new exhibition buildings, a machine shop, a garage, and new heating and electric installations. Dr. W. M. Mann, Director of the Zoo, headed the National Geographic Society-Smithsonian Institution Ex- pedition to Sumatra for the purpose of obtaining specimens of the interesting animals of that region for the National Zoo. The ex- pedition was still in the field at the close of the year, but reports in- dicate a highly successful trip.
In the Division of Radiation and Organisms, notable advances have been made in the studies of photosynthesis, phototropism, and the reactions of ultraviolet rays on plant growth.
1
Y ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
The Smithsonian radio program, a weekly half-hour dramatiza- tion of the Institution’s researches and exhibits, put on the air through the cooperation of the Office of Education and the National Broadcasting Co., continued throughout the year with undiminished popularity. The little magazine issued in conjunction with the broadcasts, presenting popular articles and reading lists on the sub- jects treated, had reached a circulation of 150,000 foe the June issue.
SUMMARY OF THE YHAR’S ACTIVITIES OF THE BRANCHES OF THE INSTITUTION
National Museum.—The total appropriation for the maintenance of the Museum was $763,970, an actual increase of $28,298 over the previous year. Specimens added to the collections, mainly as gifts or through Smithsonian expeditions, numbered 361,951. It is diffi- cult to select the outstanding accessions among this great amount of valuable material, but the following may be mentioned as examples of the interest of the year’s additions: In anthropology, a valuable collection of skeletal material resulting from Dr. Hrdlicka’s archeo- logical excavations in Alaska; in biology, welcome specimens of the little-known fauna of Siam, including 1,100 birds, 800 fishes, as well as mammals, insects, and other forms; in geology, specimens repre- senting 29 distinct meteoric falls, obtained through the Roebling fund, bringing the number of falls represented in the Museum to 635; in arts and industries, the gondola of the successful stratosphere bal- loon L'xplorer IT, presented by the National Geographic Society. A number of expeditions went out during the year in the interests of the Museum’s researches in anthropology, biology, and geology. These were financed mainly by Smithsonian private funds or by the assist- ance of friends of the Museum. The number of visitors to the sev- eral Museum buildings for the first time in its history exceeded 2,000,000, the actual number for the ee being 2,288,532. The Mu- seum published an annual report, 2 bulletins, and 29 proceedings separates.
National Collection of Fine Arts—The name of this bureau ae the Tnstitution was changed by act of Congress on March 24, 1937, Be “National Gallery of Art” to “National Collection of Fine ING, | order that the former name might be assigned to the colleenanl of fine arts and the building to house it given by Andrew W. Mellon to the Nation. The sixteenth annual meeting of the National Gallery of Art Commission was held on December 8, 1936. Dr. George Harold Edgell was nominated as a member of the Commis- sion to succeed Joseph H. Gest, deceased. A number of portraits and other art works were accepted by the Commission for the Gallery, and two paintings purchased by the council of the National Academy
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 3
of Design from the fund provided by the Henry Ward Ranger bequest were recalled and claimed, according to the terms of the Ranger will. Two miniatures were acquired through the Catherine Walden Myer fund. The Gallery held two special exhibitions, as follows: Paintings and etchings by Thomas Moran, installed in the lobby of the Natural History Building on the one hundredth anni- versary of the painter’s birth; and the exhibition of the Second Annual Metropolitan State Art Contest, 1937, including 305 prints, paintings, and pieces of sculpture, by 148 artists.
Freer Gallery of Art—The year’s additions to the collection in- clude a bronze Cambodian Buddha, a bronze Chinese ceremonial ves- sel, and three early Chinese mirrors; three Armenian volumes of the fourteenth and seventeenth centuries—the Gospel, a psalter, and a hymnal; a thirteenth century New Testament in Aramaic; Arabic volumes and paper and parchment leaves from several Arabic manu- scripts of various periods from the ninth to the seventeenth cen- turies; a sixteenth century Persian volume and 3 leaves from a Per- sian manuscript of the same period; 1 Chinese, 4 Indian, and 11 Persian paintings; and in pottery 1 Chinese cup holder and 2 Chinese vases, a Persian bowl, and 2 Syrian pitchers. Curatorial work was devoted to the study of Chinese, Tibetan, Japanese, Aramaic, Ar- menian, Arabic, Persian, East Indian, and Cambodian objects in the collection and of the texts and seals associated with them. During the year 810 objects and 286 photographs of objects were submitted to the curator for opinion as to provenance, age, quality, or other sig- nificance, and 31 inscriptions for translation. Visitors totaled 140,881, and 10 groups were given docent service. Three illustrated talks were given by members of the Gallery staff before three local organizations.
Bureau of American Ethnology.—The researches of the Bureau covered a wide variety of archeological and ethnological studies of the Indians of North, South, and Central America. Mr. Stirling, Chief of the Bureau, completed his ethnological report on the Jivaro Indians of Ecuador, and examined a number of mounds in Georgia and Florida. Dr. Swanton, as chairman of the United States De Soto Expedition Commission, made two field trips through that part of the South crossed by De Soto’s route; he later completed a 600- page report, which was submitted by the Commission to Congress. Dr. Michelson continued his ethnological researches among the Algon- quian tribes of James and Hudson Bays, Canada. Dr. Harrington prepared papers on ethnological and linguistic subjects relating to a number of tribes including the Karuk, Kiowa, Navajo, Apache, Hopi, and Shoshonean; he also completed a report on the Siberian origin of the American Indian. Dr. Roberts continued his archeo-
4 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
logical excavations at the Lindenmeier site in Colorado, adding im- portant material to that which he had already discovered relating to Folsom man. In March 1937 he represented the United States at the International Conference of Archeologists at Cairo, Egypt. Dr. Strong devoted the year to completing the report on his archeo- logical expedition of the previous year to Honduras. Dr. Steward continued ethnological studies of the Shoshonean tribes of the Great Basin and Plateau areas. Mr. Hewitt continued his researches on the League of the Iroquois. The Bureau published its annual report and one bulletin.
International exchanges.—Since the conclusion at Brussels in 1886 of two exchange conventions between the United States and a number of other countries, the Smithsonian Institution has been charged by Congress with the important duty of carrying on the exchange with other countries of governmental and scientific documents on behalf of the United States. During the year the exchange service handled a total of 657,346 packages weighing 651,461 pounds. The number of full and partial sets of governmental publications for- warded abroad is now 111, and 105 copies of the Congressional Rec- ord and the Federal Register are sent to other countries in exchange for their parliamentary journals. Four new depositories in Swit- zerland were added to the interparliamentary exchange list, and one in Germany, the Bibliothek des Preussischen Landtags, Berlin, was discontinued, as the Lantags was abolished.
National Zoological Park.—The fiscal year 1937 was outstanding in the history of the Zoo. The construction under the P. W. A. grant of $892,920 of five new buildings was completed. Under this same grant, three 250-horsepower down-draft boilers were installed in the central heating plant, the conduit system was extended to two mam- mal houses, and the electric supply distribution system was rear- ranged. An expedition headed by Dr. William M. Mann, Director of the Zoo, and financed by the National Geographic Society left Washington jn January to collect animals in the Far East for the Zoo. They took with them 28 animals which were intended for zoos in the regions visited. The expedition is expected to return to Washington in October with a large collection of rare animals, ad- vance reports indicating that the trip has been a very successful one. Accessions of animals during the year numbered 1,067. Losses by death and otherwise totaled 916, leaving the collection at the close of the year at 2.342 animals, representing 701 different species. Visitors numbered 2.435,520, including groups from 638 schools and organiza- tions from 20 States and the District of Columbia.
Astrophysical Observatory.—Measurements of the solar constant of radiation have been continued on all favorable days (amounting to about 80 percent of all days) at the three Smithsonian observing sta-
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 5
tions at Table Mountain, Calif.; Montezuma, Chile; and Mount St. Katherine, Egypt. A flaw was discovered in the “short method” reduction of observations, used since 1923, making it necessary to de- vise a new method. After this was done, the field observers remeas- ured the photographic records of observation since that date, and great progress has been made by an augmented computing staff at Washington in recomputing by the new method all observations since 1923. A solar radiation steam boiler (pl. 7) was prepared under the direction of Dr. Abbot and successfully operated in September 1936. Dr. Abbot later devised a small solar flash boiler which em- bodies many improvements and which holds much promise of prac- tical application in the future. Frederick E. Fowle, a member of the staff of the Astrophysical Observatory since 1894, was retired for disability at the close of the fiscal year.
Division of Radiation and Organisms.—The staff of the Division obtained important results from studies on the following subjects : the normal growth of tomatoes under laboratory conditions; photosyn- thesis in wheat; perfection of a spectral absorption method of meas- uring carbon dioxide concentration in air; time relations in photo- synthesis; the efficiency of different wave lengths of light to promote germination in light-sensitive lettuce seed; the inactivation of plant growth substance by light; and the stimulation of multiplication in algae by minute dosage of ultraviolet rays known to be lethal in doses of sufficient intensity. Four papers describing the investiga- tions of the staff were published during the year in the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, and others were in preparation.
THE ESTABLISHMENT
The Smithsonian Institution was created by act of Congress in 1846, according to the terms of the will of James Smithson, of England, who in 1826 bequeathed his property to the United States of America “to found at Washington, under the name of the Smith- sonian Institution, an establishment for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men.” In receiving the property and accepting the trust, Congress determined that the Federal Government was without authority to administer the trust directly, and, therefore, constituted an “establishment” whose statutory members are “the President, the Vice President, the Chief Justice, and the heads of the executive departments.”
THE BOARD OF REGENTS
The law establishing the Institution specifies that the three Senator Regents shall serve during the term for which they shall hold, without reelection, their office as Senators, and the three Members of
6 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
the Senate on the Board of Regents, Joseph T. Robinson, of Arkan- sas; M. M. Logan, of Kentucky; and Charles L. McNary, of Oregon, having been reelected to the Senate for a new term beginning Janu- ary 8, 1937, the Vice President on January 6, 1937, Heap pointe’ them to succeed Shanneellras on the Board of Regents. .
The roll of Regents at the close of the year was as follows: Charles Evans Hughes, Chief Justice of the United States, Chancellor; John N. Garner, Vice President of the United States; members from the Senate—Joseph T. Robinson, M. M. Logan, Charles L. McNary ;) members from the House of Representatives—T. Alan Goldsborough, Clarence Cannon, Charles L. Gifford; citizen members—Frederic A. Delano, Washington, D. C.; John C. Merriam, Washington, D. C.; R. Walton Moore, Virginia; Robert W. Bingham, Kentucky; Augus- tus P. Loring, Massachusetts; Roland S. Morris, Pennsylvania.
Proceedings.—The annual meeting of the Board of Regents was held on January 14, 1937. The Regents present were Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes, Chancellor; John N. Garner, Vice President of the United States; Senators Joseph T. Robinson and M. M. Logan; Representatives T. Alan Goldsborough, Charles L. Gifford, and Clarence Cannon; citizen Regents Frederic A. Delano and R. Walvon: Moore; and the Seeretar y, Dr. Charles G. Abbot.
The iSece tat presented his annual report, detailing the pee nities! of the several Government branches and of the parent institution during the year, and Mr. Delano presented the report of the execu- tive committee, covering financial statistics of the Institution. ‘The: Secretary also presented the annual report of the National Gallery of Art Commission.
In heu of his usual special report the Secretary presented to the Regents a brief review of the principal achievements of the Smith- sonian Institution during the 10 years since the death of Secretary Walcott in 1927. In accordance with the wishes of the Regents, this résumé has been printed in pamphlet form.
The Regents also adopted resolutions approving in principle the. proposed gift of the Hon, Andrew W. Mellon of a collection of masterpieces of painting and sculpture, and of a gallery to house. them. This matter is treated in detail on pages 7-17 of this report...
Tn addition to the annual meeting, there was a special meeting of the Board of Regents on June 24, 1937, at which the following Regents were present: Senators Joseph T. Robinson and M. M. oe an; Representatives T. Alan Goldsborough and Clarence Cannon; citizen ‘Regent Roland §$. Morris; and the Secretary, Dr. Charles G. Abbot. This meeting was called to take action on matters connected with the above-mentioned offer by the Hon. Andrew W. Mellon, of which full details will be found on pages 7-17.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 1G
FINANCES
A statement will be found in the report of the executive committee,
page 117. MATTERS OF GENERAL INTEREST
ANDREW W. MELLON’S ART GIFT TO THE NATION
Probably the greatest impetus ever given to the development of art in the Nation’s Capital and in the Nation itself will result from Andrew W. Mellon’s munificent gift to the American people of his unexcelled art collection, a $10,000,000 building to exhibit it, and an endowment fund to pay the salaries of the directing officials and for the acquisition of additional art works. The proposal was made by Mr. Mellon in a letter to President Roosevelt dated December 22, 1936, which began as follows:
Over a period of many years I have been acquiring important and rare paint- ings and sculpture with the idea that ultimately they would become the property of the people of the United States and be made available to them in a national art gallery to be maintained in the city of Washington for the purpose of encouraging and developing a study of the fine arts.
* # * x * * *
In order to carry out this purpose, and with the approval of the othe: trus- tees, I wish to propose a plan to give the art collection which I have brought together to the Smithsonian Institution or to the United States Government for the benefit of the people of this country, and also to erect or cause to be erected on public land a suitable building for a national gallery of art, the design and materials of which shall be subject to the approval of the Fine Arts Commission.
Following an exchange of correspondence with the President, Mr. Mellon made his formal offer in a letter dated December 31, 1936. In consultation with representatives of the Department of Justice and the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution a bill was prepared by representatives of Mr. Mellon as House Joint Resolution 217 covering the matter, After hearings, the resolution was agreed to by Congress and approved by the President on March 24, 1937. The full text of the resolution follows:
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the area bounded by Seventh Street, Con- stitution Avenue, Fourth Street, and North Mall Drive, Northwest, in the Dis- trict of Columbia, is hereby appropriated to the Smithsonian Institution as a site for a National Gallery of Art. The Smithsonian Institution is authorized to permit the A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust (hereinafter re- ferred to as the donor) to construct on said site for the Smithsonian Institution a building to be designated the National Gallery of Art, and to remove any exist- ing structure and landscape the grounds within said area. The adjoining area bounded by Fourth Street, Pennsylvania Avenue, Third Street, and North Mall Drive, Northwest, in the District of Columbia, is hereby reserved as a site for
22606—37--—2
8 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
future additions to the National Gallery of Art. The project shall be in ac- cordance with plans and specifications approved by the Commission of Fine Arts.
Sec. 2. (a) There is hereby established in the Smithsonian Institution a bu- reau, which shall be directed by a board to be known as the Trustees of the National Gallery of Art, whose duty it shall be to maintain and administer the National Gallery of Art and site thereof and to execute such other functions as are vested in the board by this Act. The board shall be composed as follows: The Chief Justice of the United States, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the Treasury, and the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, ex officio; and five general trustees who shall be citizens of the United States, to be chosen as hereinafter provided. No officer or employee of the Federal Government skall be eligible to be chosen as a general trustee.
(b) The general trustees first taking office shall be chosen by the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, subject to the approval of the donor, and shall have terms expiring one each on July 1 of 1939, 1941, 1943, 1945, and 1947, as designated by the Board of Regents. A successor shall be chosen by a majority vote of the general trustees and shall have a term expiring ten years from the date of the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was chosen, except that a successor chosen to fill a vacancy occurring pricr to the expiration of such term shall be chosen only for the remainder of such term.
Sec. 8. Upon completion of the National Gallery of Art, the board shall accept for the Smithsonian Institution as a gift from the donor a collection ef works of art which shall be housed and exhibited in the National Gallery of Art.
Sec. 4. (a) The faith of the United States is pledged that, on completion of the National Gallery of Art by the donor in accordance with the terms of this Act and the acquisition from the donor of the collection of works of art, the United States will provide such funds ag may be necessary for the upkeep of the National Gallery of Art and the administrative expenses and costs of opera- tion thereof, including the protection and care of works of art acquired by the board, so that the National Gallery of Art shall be at all times properly main- tained and the works of art contained therein shall be exhibited regularly to the general public free of charge. For these purposes there are hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary.
(db) The board is authorized to accept for the Smithsonian Institution and to hold and administer gifts, bequests, or devises of money, securities, or other property of whatsoever character for the benefit of the National Gallery of Art. Unless otherwise restricted by the terms of the gift, bequest, or devise, the board is authorized to sell or exchange and to invest or reinvest in such investments as it may determine from time to time the moneys, securities, or other property composing trust funds given, bequeathed, or devised to or for the benefit of the National Gallery of Art. The income as and when collected shall be placed in such depositaries as the board shall determine and shall be subject to expendi- ture by the board.
(c) The board shall appoint and fix the compensation and duties of a director, an assistant director, a secretary, and a chief curator of the National Gallery of Art, and of such other officers and employees of the National Gallery of Art as may be necessary for the eflicient administration of the functions of the board. Such director, assistant director, secretary, and chief curator shall be compen- sated from trust funds available to the board for the purpose, and their appoint- ment and salaries shall not be subject to the civil-service laws or the Classifica- tion Act of 1923, as amended. The director, assistant director, secretary, and chief curator shall be well qualified by experience and training to perform the
REPORT OF THH SHCRETARY 9
duties of their office and the original appointment to each such office shall be subject to the approval of the donor.
(d) The actions of the board, including any payment made or directed to be made by it from any trust funds, shall not be subject to review by any officer or agency other than a court of law.
Sec. 5. (a) The board is authorized to adopt an official seal which shall be judicially noticed and to make such bylaws, rules, and regulations, as it deems necessary for the administration of its functions under this Act, including, among other matters, bylaws, rules, and regulations relating to the acquisition, exhibition, and loan of works of art, the administration of its trust funds, and the organization and procedure of the board. The board may function notwith- standing vacancies, and three members of the board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.
(bd) In order that the collection of the National Gallery of Art shall always be maintained at a high standard and in order to prevent the introduction therein of inferior works of art, no work of art shall be included in the permanent col- lection of the National Gallery of Art unless it be of similar high standard of quality to those in the collection acquired from the donor.
(ec) The board shall have all the usual powers and obligations of a trustee in respect of all trust funds administered by it and all works of art acquired by it.
(d) The board shall submit to the Smithsonian Institution an annual report of its operations under this Act, including a detailed statement of all acquisitions and loans of works of art and of all public and private moneys received and disbursed.
Sec. 6. (a) The Commissioners of the District of Columbia are hereby author- ized and directed to close Sixth Street, Northwest, within the boundaries of the site for the National Gallery of Art. The National Capital Park and Planning Commission shall determine the building lines and approve the plan of ap- proaches for said gallery, and shall also make recommendations for the widen- ing and adjustment of Third, Seventh, Ninth, and such other streets in the vicinity as may be necessary and desirable to provide for the traffic which would otherwise use Sixth Street.
(b) Section 10 of the Public Building Act, approved March 4, 1913 (37 Stat. L., p. 881), relating to the George Washington Memorial Building, and all pro- visions of law amendatory thereof, are hereby repealed.
(c) The existing bureau of the Smithsonian Institution now designated as a national gallery of art shall hereafter be known as the National Collection of Fine Arts.
(d) The fifth paragraph under the heading “Smithsonian Institution” in the Independent Offices Appropriation Act for the fiscal year 1924, approved Feb- ruary 18, 1923 (42 Stat. L. 1235), relating to the erection of a national gallery of art, is hereby repealed.
Approved, March 24, 1937.
At a special meeting of the Board of Regents of the Institution held on June 24, 1937, there were submitted copies of a trust indenture between the A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust, the Smithsonian Institution, and the trustees of the National Gallery of Art. After consideration, the following resolution was adopted:
Resolved: That the trust indenture between the A. W. Mellon Educational
and Charitable Trust, the Smithsonian Institution and the trustees of the National Gallery of Art, a draft whereof has been presented at this meeting,
10 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
and hereby is directed to be inserted in the minute book of the Regents im- mediately following the minutes of this meeting, be, and hereby it is, approved, and the Secretary of the Institution be, and hereby he is, authorized and di- rected to execute such indenture, in triplicate, in the name and under the corpo- rate seal of this Institution, and upon its due execution and by the other parties thereto to make proper delivery thereof.
The full text of the trust indenture is as follows: TRUST INDENTURE
Dated the 24th day of June 1937, and intended to be effective upon that date, although executed by the parties hereto on various other dates, by, between, and among
Andrew W. Mellon, Paul Mellon, Donald D. Shepard and David K. BH. Bruce, as trustees of the A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust, established under and by virtue of a deed of trust of Andrew W. Mellon to said trustees, dated December 30, 1930, parties of the first part, and hereinafter sometimes referred to as the ‘Donor’ ;
Smithsonian Institution, an establishment created and existing under and by virtue of an act of the Congress of the United States of America, approved August 10, 1846, party of the second part, and heréinafter referred to as the. “Institution”; and ;
The trustees of the National Gallery of Art, constituted under and by virtue of a Joint Resolution of the Congress of the United States, entitled “Joint Resolution providing for the Construction and Maintenance of a National Gal- lery of Art,” approved March 24, 1937, parties of the third part, and hereinafter sometimes referred to as the “Trustees,” t
Whereas in December 1936, by correspondence between the President of the United States of America and Andrew W. Mellon, the donor proposed to give a collection of works of art for the benefit of the people of the United States of America and to cause to be erected on public land a suitable building in which to house and exhibit such collection, copies of such correspondence being here- unto attached and made part hereof; and
Whereas by said joint resolution of the Congress, there was established a bureau in the Institution to be directed by the trustees, and provision was made for the construction of said building, the acceptance of a collection of works of art as a gift from the donor and the exhibition thereof and of other appropriate works of art in said building, and the administration by the trustees of said building, the site and contents thereof, and all matters and affairs that pertain to the use thereof for the public benefit; and }
Whereas it is now desired to consummate the gift of said building and said collecticn of works of art and to specify more particularly the terms and con- ditions upon which said gift is made by the donor and accepted by the Institution and the trustees, and
Whereas by said correspondence, one of the conditions of the gift was that the upkeep of the gallery building and other administrative expenses and costs of operation and functioning of the gallery would be provided for annually in appropriations to be made by Congress; and by said joint resolution, the faith of the United States was pledged that it would provide such funds as would be necessary for the upkeep of the gallery and the administrative expenses and costs of operation thereof, including the protection and care of works of art acquired by the trustees;
Now, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH :
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 11
ERECTION OF THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART
In accordance with the provisions of said joint resolution of the Congress, the Institution hereby permits the donor to construct, and the donor hereby agrees to construct for the Institution, a building to be designated and herein- after referred to as the “National Gallery of Art” upon the area bounded by Seventh Street, Constitution Avenue, Fourth Street, and North Mall Drive, N. W., in the District of Columbia (being the site appropriated to the Institu- tion by said joint resolution), and to remove any existing structure and to land- scape the grounds within said area, all in accordance with plans and specifica- tions approved by the Commission of Fine Arts. The building line and plans of approaches for said building shall be approved by the National Capital Park and Planning Commission. The donor, in its uncontrolled discretion but at its sole expense, Shall engage such architects, contractors, builders, and others, and shall take or cause to be taken any and every other action necessary or ad- visable in connection with the construction, completion, equipment, and furnish- ing of said building, and the landscaping of said area upon which it is erected. The donor shall pay all costs and expenses in connection with, or incident to, said project. In no event and under no circumstances shall the Institution or the trustees be responsible or liable for any part of such cost or expense, and the donor shall indemnify and save harmless the Institution and the trustees from any and every liability whatsoever with reference to anything done or omitted to be done in connection with the carrying out of said project or any part thereof. The Institution and the trustees are expressly relieved of any responsibility or duty pertaining to said project, and the entire and exclusive jurisdiction and responsibility thereover and with regard thereto are imposed upon and vested in the donor. Said project shall be commenced as soon after the execution and delivery hereof as, in the judgment of the donor, the necessary plans, specifications, and arrangements can be made and effected, and will be proceeded with as expeditiously as, in the judgment of the donor, the execution of the work can properly be effected, but as the building is of monumental char- acter and is intended to have outstanding architectural merit, it is agreed that undue haste is not desirable, and no time for the final completion of the project ean be fixed. As and when said project shall be finally completed by the con- struction, equipment, and furnishing of said building and the landscaping of said area in accordance with said plans and specifications, the donor will give written notice thereof to the Institution and the trustees and thereupon, with- out further action by any of the parties hereto, the legal title to said building shall be deemed to be vested in the Institution, but the maintenance and ad- ministration of said building and of the site shall be vested exclusively in, and shall be the sole obligation and duty of, the trustees as a separate bureau of the Institution, and distinct from the other activities of the Institution, which are under the management of its Board of Regents.
II NAME OF GALLERY
Said gallery shall be known and designated perpetually as the ‘National Gallery of Art”, to which the entire public shall forever have access, subject only to reasonable regulations from time to time established by the trustees.
i ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
III GIFT OF COLLECTIONS OF WORKS. OF ART
The donor hereby gives to the Institution and the trustees, and they hereby accept from the donor, in trust, however, for the uses and purposes and subject to the provisions and conditions hereinafter expressed, the collection of works of art listed in the schedule hereto attached, made part hereof and marked “Hxhibit 1.”
IV CUSTODY OF COLLECTION PENDING COMPLETION OF THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART
Pending the completion of the National Gallery of Art, said collection of works of art shall remain in the custody of the donor. During such period of custody, the donor will care for all said works of art, and will keep the same insured in favor of the Institution and the trustees, as their respective interests may appear, against loss or damage by fire, theft, or burglary, in such amounts and with such parties as the donor, in its discretion, may determine, if and to the extent that such insurance may be obtainable. The donor shall pay all costs, premiums, and other charges incident to such care and insurance. Upon the completion of the National Gallery of Art, said collection shall be delivered to the trustees and thereafter shall remain under their exclusive control.
Vv PASSAGE OF TITLE AND RESPECTIVE FUNCTIONS OF INSTITUTION AND OF TRUSTEES
Forthwith upon the execution and delivery hereof, the title to said collection of works of art shall pass to and be vested in the Institution. While it is the intention that the title to said works of art shall be forever vested in the Insti- tution, yet it is also the intention of the parties hereto, and this gift is made upon the express understanding, agreement, and trust, that from and after the completion of the National Gallery of Art, the actual custody, control, manage- ment, and exhibition of said works of art, as well as of such other works of art as, in accordance with the provisions of said joint resolution, from time to time may be housed or exhibited in said National Gallery of Art, and all the details pertaining thereto, shall be, and hereby are, delegated to and vested solely, exclusively and forever in the trustees.
VI DISPLAY OF COLLECTION
Subject to the subsequent provisions of this section VI, the said collection of works of art shall always be kept in the National Gallery of Art, and none thereof shall be removed from said building or from their settings therein except for most cogent reasons therefor, such as repairs to said building or said works of art, or temporary exhibition of some of such works of art elsewhere, and then only with the prior approval of a majority of the entire membership of the trustees. The works of art constituting said collection shall receive such care and attention from time to time as shall be necessary for their preservation and exhibition, shall always be exhibited in said National Gallery of Art in spacious
RHPORT OF THH SECRETARY 13
arrangement so that overcrowding will be avoided, and shall always be displayed with dignity, in appropriate units, with suitable settings and with due regard to their importance and quality.
While the parties hereto presently recognize that all the works of art con- stituting said collection are of such high standard of quality that it is essen- tial that such collection perpetually remain intact and be a part of the per- manent collection on exhibition in the National Gallery of Art, and such is the purport of this indenture, the donor at the same time recognizes the inad- visability of perpetually foreclosing any discretion in the trustees in regard to the disposition of any of the works of art constituting such collection and, consequently, the donor authorizes and empowers the trustees, but only upon the prior approval of not less than three-fourths of the entire membership of the trustees, to exchange or otherwise dispose of any particular work of art then a part of said collection, if in such exchange or by reason of such other Gisposition the trustees are enabled to obtain for the Institution, to be and become a part of the collection under this Indenture, some other work of art which, in the judgment of the trustees, would be a highly desirable acquisition to such collection. Furthermore, the donor recognizes that with the passing of time it may come to be thought by at least three-fourths of the entire mem- bership of the trustees that some particular work of art, then constituting a part of said collection, has become unsuitable longer to remain as a part of said collection, and therefore the donor provides that in the event that, in the opinion of at least three-fourths of the entire membership of the trustees, any particular work of art then a part of said collection is not in keeping with said collection as a whole, the trustees are authorized and empowered to make such disposition thereof as they, in their uncontrolled discretion, shall deem advisable by sale, exchange, gift, loan, or otherwise.
VII MAINTENANCH OF THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART
The National Gallery of Art shall be the permanent home of the said collec- tion of works of art hereby given by the donor. It shall be used exclusively for the storage and exhibition of works of art and the administration of the affairs of the trustees. In order that the collection of the National Gallery of Art shall always be maintained at a high standard and to prevent the introduction therein of inferior works of art, no work of art shall be included in the per- manent collection of the National Gallery of Art unless it be of similar high standard of quality to those in the collection hereby given by the donor. The building and the contents and operations thereof shall at all times remain in the exclusive jurisdiction and control of the trustees in accordance with such by-laws, rules, and regulations as they from time to time shall prescribe.
It is an express condition of the trust of said collection of works of art, hereby created, that the faith of the United States is pledged that, on comple- tion of the National Gallery of Art by the donor in accordance with the terms of said joint resolution and the acquisition from the donor of the collection of works of art, the United States will provide such funds as may be necessary for the upkeep of the National Gallery of Art and the administrative expenses and costs of operation thereof, including the protection and care of works of art acquired by the Board, so that the National Gallery of Art shall be at all times properly maintained and the works of art contained therein shall be exhibited regularly to the general public free of charge.
14 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Vili THE TRUSTEES
The trustees shall always be not less than nine persons, of whom a minority, to be known as ex-officio trustees, shall be officers of the United States or of the Institution, ex-officio, and of whom a majority to be known as general trustees, shall be citizens of the United States, none of whom at the time of his or her election to the office of general trustee shall be an officer or employee of the United States of America. Any vacancy in the office of general trustee by reason of the expiration of the term, death, or resignation of the incumbent, or otherwise howsoever, shall be filled by the election of a competent person by a majority of the remaining general trustees.
IX ALTERATION OR MODIFICATION OF THIS INDENTURE
(a) During the existence of the donor
At any time and from time to time hereafter, with ‘the: consent of the Insti- tution, the trustees, and the donor, this trust indenture may be altered, modified, cr supplemented in any respect whatever, as the parties hereto may deem advisable or necessary, which shall not be inconsistent with the general pur- pose and scope of this trust indenture and of the said joint resolution.
(bo) After the termination of the donor
While this trust indenture is entered into by the parties hereto with the intention, and it is the purport hereof, that the trust hereby created shall be administered strictly in accordance with the terms, provisions, and eon- ditions of this indenture and of said joint resolution, the parties hereto recognize that with the passing of time and changed conditions, some of such terms, provisions, or conditions may become inconvenient or impossible of observance or the observance thereof may become detrimental to the primary purpose of the donor that the National Gallery of Art and the contents thereof, including the donor’s collection of works of art, shall at all times be available for the benefit and enjoyment of the public, or situations or conditions, not now thought of or inadequately provided for in this indenture, may arise and the proper administration of this trust may require such conditions or situations to be properly and practically dealt with, and consequently, the parties hereto agree and expressly provide that if at any time and from time to time, but only! after the termination of the A. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust by the terms of the deed of trust creating such trust or otherwise, three-fourths of the entire membership of the trustees and three-fourths of the entire num- ber of the regents or other duly constituted governing body of the Institu- tion shall be of the opinion that in order properly to administer the National Gallery of Art and the site and contents thereof in the interest and for the benefit of the public, this indenture of trust should be altered, modified, or amended as respects any of its terms, provisions, or conditions, or should be supplemented so as adequately to provide for new conditions or situations, then and in every such event the trustees, with the approval of at least three- fourths of the entire membership of the trustees, and the Institution, pursuant to approval of at least three-fourths of its Board of Regents or other duly con- stituted authority, shall have the right, power, and authority, by supplemental indenture, to effect any such alteration, modification, or amendment hereof, or supplement hereto, provided however, that no alteration, modification, or amend-
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 15
ment of this trust indenture, or any supplement thereof, shall be made which shall be in violation of the provisions of said joint resolution or of any future act of Congress relating to the National Gallery of Art; and provided further, that in no event and under no circumstance shall this trust indenture be altered, modified, amended, or supplemented as respects the provisions of article VIII hereof, it being the intention and one of the express conditions of the gift hereby made by the donor that the trust hereby created shall perpetually be administered by trustees constituted in accordance with the provisions of article VIII hereof.
For the purpose of this section IX, the A. W. Mellon Educational and Char- itable Trust shall be conclusively deemed to have been terminated if three- fourths of the entire membership of the trustees, after such careful inquiry as they shall deem to be sufficient, shall be of the opinion that such trust no longer continues to exist.
In witness whereof, The A. W. Mellon Hducational and Charitable Trust has eaused this indenture of trust to be executed by the hands and seals of the trustees thereof; the Smithsonian Institution, pursuant to a resolution duly adopted by its Board of Regents, has caused this indenture of trust to be signed and its official seal to be hereunto affixed by its secretary; and the trustees of the National Gallery of Art have caused this indenture of trust to be executed by the hands and seals of the trustees, all as of the day and year first above written.
THe A. W. MELLON EpUCcATIONAL AND CHARITABLE TRUST, By (Signed) ANDREW W. MELLON, (Signed) Paut MELton, (Signed) Donatp D. SHEPARD, (Signed) Davin K. EH. Bruce, Trustees thereof.
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, [SEAL] By (Signed) C. G. Assot, Secretary.
NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART,
By (Signed) CHARLES EvANS HUGHES,
(Signed) CorpELL Hutt,
(Signed) HrnrY MorGENTHAU, JR.,
(Signed) C. G. ABBOT,
(Signed) A. W. MELLON,
(Signed) Davin K. E. Bruce,
(Signed) DUNCAN PHILLIPS,
(Signed) S. PARKER GILBERT,
(Signed) DonaxLp D. SHEPARD,
Trustees thereof.
At the same meeting of the Board of Regents the following gentie- men were appointed as general trustees of the National Gallery of
Art:
Mr. Donald D. Shepard, for the term expiring July 1, 1939; Mr. S. Parker Gilbert, for the term expiring July 1, 1941; Mr. Duncan Phillips, for the term expiring July 1, 1943; Mr. David K. E. Bruce, for the term expiring July 1, 1945; Mr. A. W. Mellon, for the term expiring July 1, 1947.
16 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Following this final step in the consummation of Mr. Mellon’s gift to the Nation, work was started promptly on the preparation of the site. The architect selected for the building by Mr. Mellon was John Russell Pope, the architect for many art galleries, museums, and pub- lic buildings here and abroad, including the National Archives Build- ing, Constitution Hall, the Masonic Temple, and others in Washing- ton. According to Mr. Pope, the building will follow the finest tradi- tions of American architecture and will be carefully scaled in pro- portion with the surrounding buildings. Construcied of marble, the gallery will be 829 feet long, about 350 feet wide at its greatest width, with the central dome 150 feet high. Mr. Pope has assured that the building will incorporate all the best features of the world’s art galleries, and in certain respects will be in advance of any existing gallery, notably in relation to hghting and in provision to lessen the fatigue of visitors.
Regarding the collection itself, which will be installed in the build- ing upon its completion and which will form the nucleus and estab- lish the standard of excellence of the National Gallery of Art, the following brief description was given before the House Committee on the Library by Mr. David E. Finley:
Mr. Mellon has been making this collection for more than 40 years. It is not large as regards the number of pictures. It contains something like a hundred paintings by old masters. But practically all are important, for Mr. Mellon has tried to buy not only paintings by the greatest masters, but also the best examples of their work obtainable. As a result, everyone who sees the collec- tion—and many of the greatest experts in this country and Europe have seen it—is impressed with the exceptional quality of the pictures.
* * * * * * *
In range it covers all the important schools of western European painting. The Italian school is particularly well represented by painters such as Raphael, Perugino, Botticelli, Fra Angelico, Titian, Bellini, Antonella di Messina, and by such rare and early masters as Cimabue, Masaccio, and Andrea del Castagno. There is a Byzantine Madonna and Child, painted in Constantinople early in the thirteenth century, which takes the collection back te the very source of western art, and with the other paintings gives a historical sequence to the ecllection that will prove very valuable to students.
The Flemish school is represented by most of its greatest painters, beginning with the Annunciation by Jan van Hyck, and continuing through Petrus Christus, Rogier van der Weyden, Memling, Gerard David, and ending with two magnificent Rubens from the Hermitage Gallery and three Van Dycks, including the exceptionally fine portrait, painted in Genoa, of the Marchesa Balbi.
In the Dutch school there are several outstanding examples of Rembrandt and Frans Hals and three Vermeers, as well as several Hobbemas, and works by Terburg, Metsu, deHoogh, and so forth.
The Spanish paintings include three portraits by Velasquez, one of ‘Pope Innocent X from the Hermitage, being particularly important. There are also four Goyas and two El Grecos, while the German and French paintings include such names as Holbein, Durer, and Chardin. The British school is quite
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY ty
largely represented by works of Gainsborough, Reynolds, Raeburn, Romney, Lawrence, Hopner, Turner, and Constable.
In addition to these paintings, Mr. Mellon also acquired a number of por- traits by important American painters, such as Gilbert Stuart, Copley, West, Sully, and cthers. He bought also, in its entirety, the Clarke collection of American portraits, containing some 175 paintings by practically all our earlier well-known American painters. This was not done with the idea that these should go into the National Gallery of Art, but rather that such as were suitable and of general or-historic interest should form the nucleus of a National Portrait Gallery, which should be entirely distinct from the art gallery and would be housed, eventually at least, in its own building. A few of the finest of these portraits, which have the greatest artistic merit, will find their place in the art gallery and will form a fitting sequence tc the British art of the eighteenth century represented in the collection.
There is just one other matter that I must mention. Mr. Mellon’s idea had been originally that the gallery should be for paintings only. Then an oppor- tunity came to buy the Dreyfus collection of Renaissance sculpture—a collection that had been in the making in Paris for many years and included outstanding works by such great artists as Donatello, Verroechio, Desiderio da Settignano, Luca della Robbia, and others. Naturally, such an opportunity could not be refused and he acquired these sculptures. He also bought two very important large bronzes by Sansovino and a Mercury by Giovanni da Bologna, all of which will find their place in the new gallery, either with the paintings or near them.
This report covers only the year ending June 30, 1937, but to an- ticipate slightly the next fiscal year, I must record here with pro- found regret the death of Mr. Mellon on August 26, 1937, and of Mr. Pope on August 27, 1937. It is indeed tragic that these two men could not have lived to see the completion of this splendid project— a remark which will be repeated by many of the millions of Ameri- cans who in future years will enter the National Gallery of Art to benefit from Mr. Mellon’s patriotic gift to the Nation.
PROPOSED SMITHSONIAN GALLERY OF ART
On March 15, 1937, a joint resolution was introduced in the House of Representatives by Mr. Keller of Illinois to establish a Smith- sonian Gallery of Art for the proper housing and display of the national collections of fine arts. These collections have been in the custody of the Smithsonian Institution for many years, and since 1920 have been administered by the Institution as a Government bu- reau officially designated the National Gallery of Art. Lacking a building for their public exhibition, these valuable art collections have been shown in the Natural History Building of the United States National Museum. With the creation in 19387 of the new Na- tional Gallery of Art as a result of the munificent gift of Andrew W. Mellon, the Smithsonian gallery was officially renamed the National Collection of Fine Arts. It is for the proper housing of this collec-
18 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
tion, now valued at approximately $10,000,000, that the present joint resolution provides.
The resolution sets aside a tract of land on the Mall between Twelfth and Fourteenth Streets and Constitution Avenue and North Mall Drive; creates a Smithsonian Gallery of Art Commission to make preliminary investigations and obtain designs for the building; authorizes the appropriation of $4,800,000 for the building; author- izes annual appropriations for the maintenance of the gallery; and states the policy of the gallery as follows:
Sec. 7. It shall be the policy of the gallery to maintain a worthy standard for the acceptance of art objects for exhibition in the Smithsonian Gallery of Art; to foster by public exhibitions from time to time in Washington and other parts of the United States a growing public appreciation of art both of past and con- temporary time; and further, as funds are available, to encourage the de- velopment of art by the purchase of worthy examples of contemporary or other art works, and to invite the private donation of funds therefor.
Sec. 8. The Smithsonian Gallery of Art shall be under the adn of the Regents and Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
The resolution did not pass the first session of the Seventy-fifth Congress, but it is hoped that favorable action may be taken at the next session.
For many years the Smithsonian Institution has urged the con- struction of a suitable building for the housing and public exhibition of the art collections belonging to the Nation. These collections contain many works of art of high quality, mainly gifts from private citizens, and there is no doubt that many more such gifts would be made were proper exhibition space available. As much of the col- lection as possible has been exhibited to the public in the halls of the National Museum, but the available space there was not specifi- cally designed for the display of art works, and in spite of being overcrowded, the space is entirely inadequate, so that many things which should be on exhibition are forced into storage. It is the urgent hope of the Institution that the proposed Smithsonian Gallery of Art may become a reality in the near future.
It will in no sense be a duplication of the newly received National Gallery, for the National Gallery is restricted to classic painting and sculpture, leaving the fields of National collections in contem-
porary art of all kinds, portraits, jewels, glass, tapestry, and other kinds of art unprovided for. There is already a large national collection of such objects, and every reason to expect great increase if a suitable gallery were available.
SMITHSONIAN RADIO PROGRAM
The Smithsonian’s newest activity, its weekly radio broadcast in cooperation with the United States Office of Education and the
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 19
National Broadcasting Co., has now operated for a full year. The series, Known as “The World is Yours”, was initiated by the Office of Education as part of the radio project of the Works Progress Administration. Its purpose was to bring to the people of the United States more of the wealth of knowledge and vitally interesting in- formation on the earth and its inhabitants available in the labora- tories and exhibit halls of the Smithsonian Institution. It was further intended as a pioneering experiment in educational radio to determine the most effective means of presenting to a Nation-wide audience solid information in a form that would hold the listener’s interest. Before listing the titles of the broadcasts and telling some- thing of the success of the series, it may be of interest to describe briefly the series itself.
The character of the series and the subjects to be covered were worked out in collaboration between the radio experts of the Office of Education and the Smithsonian’s editorial office. The basic re- quirement was that each subject must be presented in dramatized form. Radio lectures and dialogues have apparently failed to hold the listener’s interest, but dramatic incidents well written and pro- duced appeal to listeners of all age groups. The subjects to be dramatized covered all phases of the Institution’s activities—science in all its branches, art, invention, and history. About half of the year’s broadcasts were on Smithsonian research activities, the other half being based on the exhibits in the National Museum and the art galleries under the Institution’s direction. The various subjects were carefully planned to come around in fairly regular rotation, so that those listeners with decided preferences for one or another feature could count on hearing their favorite subjects if they listened regularly.
The subject once selected for a particular broadcast, the Office of Education’s expert script writers conferred with the Smithsonian authority in that field. After preliminary research, they then pre- pared the script, which was carefully checked by the Smithsonian. The script then went to New York, where it was produced by the National Broadcasting Co. in their Radio City studios by a selected cast.
Beginning on June 7, 1936, the series covered up to June 30, 1937, the following subjects:
1936
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20 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
1936 SSIne WMT ATSIC e sO EAT ee ie etl) led IS seh ae) aa eg Spe oe ee July 26 JAM Ea tS SAS A Na UN PC ea a Oe 8h Aug. 2 TRG SUS ct aga sa eS tote ke ea a eg A ae Aug. 9 MinerstonyoL VanwuneAmerican anus see ee ies tht te LES Aug. 16 Mextilessmaisent rk N01) cll i Pago yeah ee rE Ae Ee OO et ES See ae Aug. 23 IBTeEClOUSV STONES S seh fet el ke kl Bae ae Nee ye A ay | piel ate Aug. 30 Slat Vito clels 25242 ey cho ah aN Nig as Pl Cs ea a op ee Sept. 6 BES reco] Serpe apna oN ney PUN aT eA ebay ZO AI a Ye alc Sept. 13 Hiehtrcaviation)les en oar seeds se aes ee Vee ae ee ee Sept. 20 Sculptures as 8 OP OCW Ae OTe PON wee as IE POO as Sept. 27 TEs aySY ey H STE NOM cy PL lia a srg leg A pat op oy SU ayer cae Pe SR PA pr ey EMI EL 9 Oct. 4 Medicine meer sc ULE). Umrin Lind ure Sarina lina a a eal eee Oct. 11 ES OVO CANN, BT Kee ST NY Ee Oct. 18 Mgaclivatapks @ tr5@ gyros 2 eis See 2 Da a ea le Oct. 25 TED TR EAC aN oy el EAT Weta a te a a A ale ee Nov. 1 Marly viviamepony: ge Gr BIO Pee OR Oe. US OIE Ta ee ee ee Nov. 8 WihaitiswNiew ili Sclemce ns 2h linen iO ici seo apis Fue ay pee ie Nov. 15 Color and Life (radiation) _---_---- cb RAC EIU He cu RL A al a Nov. 22 Miursicalmlinstrumivents sae. cc Cee Le ek Na a ye eee Nov. 29 Cais ah ah i gee, eee a La ep a VSN MP OG A fs Dec. 6 J BOWES aN el Sd A Ue A ek a a AE EA NG ct a a Dec. 13 HreeruGaileryes cuba ke a ai pony Lorre ret Lava ey Se Ree a ee ee Dec. 20 ites StonyAOl Smith soma se) sly UAE Us er es eg Dec. 27 1937 MV eeasyexies ora Ghee Ned Sa ee Ee Re Nas SIG SS Jan. 3 TOC ks Be INU RBG SOR ST an NT un ES TEA Ee UNO Boogr MEE SUR Oe en ee Jan. 10 Brinbing Ce sees aso AINE TS COA UC OE RS CSA Jan. 17 Sbamaps wie ewercmre ie Loc Yak nei Oe pT eC Ue AD ce oa ee ae Jan. 24 Bir eS Ot yA Ca alee ade! eR i Rg a ea ke eae bla ba NE ane a A nat Jan. 31 (GOT La po a PS oe a eA IDO ONIN SUBS Sid Feb. 7 (Cilijoyayere Slaryays) Ho), Muloyokeren braver qs Mune Ua ee ee Feb. 14 (George Wiss lam eG Om Wee La USED SNe R CTAB Na COPE Ge tS Ses eee Feb. 21 AnmnalshinyArmorn(nolliisks) swt TOMS Ee ae ey Ru aia wea ee Feb. 28 oC gma play eee eee re ay el AS SS i RN Mar. 7 (CRE SISTISS ss Ea a SN a CP tN NU es Sa MD MR PNAS Mar. 14 J EADIE ob Kay eu Lia aS ila eho A a LA aloe A cee av INE ACUI) Mar. 21 Fleet Glariame aap ee und alieaIim ont OE IEEE SOUND SUR ade ye, at ocala Mar. 28 Harhy PAumenicampliavien Ors © ution ee evan na tetra ce NUAERCa ye eile BASE a eee Apr. 4 WISeSHOF Win ORs HHL ek Lee iy La hs DONE Eh NE PCO) NC ey Apr. 11 Scientifics Mxplora tions 2) seine SRA Ue al A elie feu ae Apr. 18 SHELONEAI1 CO) Bo Bye 0 eb a2 029 SRE STRONY EUAN RS SOL AB RAVE MTS, UML WEN ISIS Apr. 25 EESj11S Ta" @ ss tanta g ina mPOA CU SRN GER cape ge) NULL eee tena erage Cn RN May 2 Gellatly; Arti@ollectio rm iio. iin SEEN eS OE A i NNSA cee May 9 @opperY i. GUAR Sa) OER NL POS ARSC OUR QC ty ce A Na aR May 16 PPT GT Sal SUN AAA con i a ed NAL ear A NO a May 238 Movida ull ders i) se oie aii eu bal a MN OK i ue co i a a May 30 Communication 2 Me eT 2 aA ele pS eaatil Pat pe eae June 6 Mansfield*Dheatricali@ostumes. \ 2 5 2 as ei eas ap ne June 13 Subterranean Cavernsm eyo co sui: win Wasi Wve o Ne SASL) i neeee tO June 20
REPORT OF THE SHCRETARY 21
From the beginning the broadcasts were supplemented by brief illustrated articles on the subjects covered, at first issued in mimeo- graphed form, and from January on, printed as a small monthly magazine. Copies were mailed by the Office of Education to those who wrote in to request them, and the demand for the magazine showed a steady increase, as follows:
1937: 1937: SAUNT ATV ees aed a 2a ~ 35, 000 Py Oh gl) MAURO Meee see Mey LeeLee 100, 000 Kebruary. 220s) 50, 000 Vile Sen A a Rh 125, 000 MEET CHa) rye eS tastes 75, 000 cla aS) A a a A EU 150, 000
The success of the series is indicated by the enthusiastic approval of the listeners as voiced in the more than 160,000 letters received. This almost unanimous mail approval is believed to be unique among sustaining programs and is very gratifying to both the Institution and the Office of Education in justifying their efforts toward better educational radio.
I wish again to express here the appreciation of the Institution to the Office of Education and to the National Broadcasting Co. for making available this unsurpassed means of carrying out the Smith- sonian’s function, “the diffusion of knowledge among men.”
WALTER RATHBONE BACON TRAVELING SCHOLARSHIP
The Walter Rathbone Bacon Traveling Scholarship of the Smith- sonian Institution was awarded in June 1935 to Dr. Richard E. Blackwelder for studies of the Staphylinidae of the West Indies. In 1935-36 Dr. Blackwelder collected specimens on the islands of Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, St. Thomas, Guadeloupe, Trinidad, Tobago, Grenada, Carriacou, St. Vincent, Barbados, St. Lucia, and Dominica, as previously reported.
During the second year, to June 1937, collections were made on the islands of Montserrat, Antigua, St. Kitts, and St. Croix, and return visits were made to Puerto Rico and Jamaica. It was found to be impracticable to revisit Hispaniola in spite of the importance of that island in the series.
The collections obtained from the 21 months’ field work include more than 45,000 staphylinids and 10,000 other Coleoptera. A con- siderable part of this number were taken by the use of equipment for mass collection which was used on St. Croix and Jamaica. (On the latter island Dr. Blackwelder worked in conjunction with Dr. E. A. Chapin for 5 weeks. The collections were made jointly.)
After finishing the collecting Dr. Blackwelder returned to Wash- ington, where he prepared the staphylinid collections and sorted the specimens to genera and species. A set containing each species found was then prepared to be taken to England, where it will be compared
22, ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
with the types of West Indian and tropical American Staphylinidae in the collections of the British Museum and Dr. Malcolm Cameron.
The extension of the award for a third year made possible the additional 9 months of field work in 19386. Dr. Blackwelder plans to visit Cuba for a week in the fall of 1937 to study the collection of Staphylinidae of Alexander Bierig. The remainder of the year will be occupied with the preparation of a revision of the 500 to 600 species collected or known from the islands.
SIXTH ARTHUR LECTURE
The sixth Arthur lecture, Discoveries from Solar Eclipse Expedi- tions, by Samuel Alfred Mitchell, director of the Leander McCormick Observatory, University of Virginia, was given in the auditorium of the National Museum on the evening of February 9, 1937. Dr. Mitchell, a leading authority on eclipses, has personally observed nearly all the total solar eclipses of the present century. In his lec- ture he touched upon the frequency of eclipses and their prediction, facts learned from a study of the gorgeous corona which accompanies a total eclipse, the use of eclipses in the verification of the relativity theory, and many other interesting aspects of this grandest of natural phenomena—an eclipse of the sun. The lecture will be published in full with illustrations in the 1937 Smithsonian Report.
EXPLORATIONS AND FIELD WORK
Field expeditions play an important part in many of the Institu- tion’s researches in biology, geology, anthropology, and astrophysics. During the last calendar year 19 expeditions were in the field; the regions visited included, besides 18 States in the United States, Green- land, Alaska, Canada, the Bahamas, Honduras, Guatemala, England, Germany, Holland, and Siam.
Secretary C. G. Abbot continued at Washington his work on per- fecting an engine to convert the sun’s rays into power. Dr. R. S. Bassler studied the geology of several classic European areas and conducted researches on fossil echinoderms and corals in European museums. E. P. Henderson collected epidote and other minerals in southeastern Alaska. Dr. G. Arthur Cooper studied and collected fossils from the Devonian beds of the midwestern United States. Dr. C. Lewis Gazin conducted a successful search for fossil mammals in New Mexico and: Arizona. Dr. Alexander Wetmore studied and collected the birds of the Guatemalan highlands. Watson M. Perrygo and Carleton Lingebach collected birds and mammals in an area-in West Virginia hitherto unrepresented in the National Museum’s collections. H. G. Deignan made a zoological survey of the little-
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 93
known easternmost districts of North Siam, journeying through the provinces of Nan and Chiengrai. Capt. Robert A. Bartlett’s 1936 Greenland expedition collected for the Institution specimens of the marine plant and animal life in the seas along the east and northeast coast of Greenland. Austin H. Clark continued his exhaustive in- vestigation of the butterfly fauna of Virginia. E. P. Killip collected series of specimens of the flora of the Florida Keys, hitherto poorly represented in the National Herbarium.
Dr. Alés Hrdlitka continued his archeological investigations in Alaska in connection with his study of the origin and early migra- tions of the American Indian. Henry B. Collins, Jr., conducted archeological investigations in the vicinity of Bering Strait, Alaska, to coordinate the results of his previous work at St. Lawrence Island and at Barrow. Herbert W. Krieger made an archeological recon- naissance of the Bahama Islands and excavated prehistoric village sites on five of the larger islands. Dr. Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr., continued his investigations of the Folsom complex, mainly at the Lindenmeier site in northern Colorado. Dr. William Duncan Strong led an archeological expedition to northwestern Honduras, excavat- ing sites on the Ulua River and at Lake Yojoa which gave a strati- graphic section from the historic occupation at Naco, through the various polychrome horizons on the Ulua and at Lake Yojoa, and down to the Playa de los Muertos culture which preceded the Maya culture. J. N. B. Hewitt continued his studies of the League of the Iroquois in New York State and Ontario, Canada. Dr. Julian H. Steward made an ethnological reconnaissance of the desert Shoshoni of southern Idaho, northern Utah, and a part of eastern Nevada.
PUBLICATIONS
The “diffusion of knowledge”, one of the Institution’s primary functions, is accomplished chiefly through its several series of pub- lications. As is to be expected from the nature of the Institution’s scientific work, the large majority of its publications are technical in character, presenting the results of researches in astrophysics, radia- tion, geology, biology, and anthropology. The Smithsonian annual report, however, is intended primarily for the layman, for in it are presented each year a series of understandable articles written by recognized authorities, which together constitute a survey of ad- vances and interesting developments in nearly all branches of science. The wider diffusion of knowledge is accomplished by a system of news releases furnished to more than 300 newspapers and press serv- ices describing in popular form the Institution’s researches, expedi- tions, and publications; and recently by a weekly radio program
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DA. ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
dramatizing the work and exhibits of the Institution put on the air through the cooperation of the Office of Education, the Works Prog- ress Administration, the National Broadcasting Co., and the Institu- tion’s editorial office.
Of the 80 volumes and pamphlets published during the year, 46 were issued by the Smithsonian proper, 32 by the National Museum, and 2 by the Bureau of American Ethnology. Details of these vari- ous publications are given in the report of the editor, appendix 10. The total number of copies of publications distributed was 144,817.
LIBRARY
The Smithsonian hbrary comprises 10 major and 35 minor units, which together contain a total of 876,522 volumes, pamphlets, and charts. The new accessions for the year numbered 11,469, most of these coming in exchange for the publications of the Institution and its branches. The library received many gifts during the year, out- standing among which was the botanical library of the late Dr. Fred- erick V. Coville, numbering 4,500 items, presented by Mrs. Coville. The routine work of the staff included cataloging 6,766 publications, preparing and filing 28,967 cards, entering 24,212 periodicals, and making 10,995 loans, of which 196 were to libraries outside the Smith- sonian system. In addition to considerable work on the union cata- log, much time was spent on the preparation of periodicals for bind- ing, and a total of 8,803 volumes were bound. This unusually large amount of binding was made possible by the deficiency appropriation of $12,000 approved toward the close of 1935. There still remain thousands of volumes in urgent need of binding to prevent loss of parts, many of which would be very difficult to replace.
Respectfully submitted.
C. G. Aspor, Secretary.
APPENDIX 1 REPORT ON THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the con- dition and operation of the United States National Museum for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937:
Funds provided for the maintenance of the National Museum for the year totaled $763,970. This was a net increase of $3,228 over the previous year, but since $25,000 was expended last year for the purchase of the airplane Winnie Mae for the aeronautical collections, the actual increase was $28,228 for purposes of maintenance and. operation, printing and binding, and preservation of collections.
COLLECTIONS
Additions to the Museum collections during the year, coming mostly as gifts from individuals or from expeditions sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution, comprised the usual wide variety of material in all departments. A total of 361,951 specimens were re- ceived in 1,800 separate accessions and distributed as follows: An- thropology, 1,790; biology, 292,250; geology, 62,757; arts and indus- tries, 3,180; and history, 1,974. These accessions are all listed in detail in the full report on the Museum, printed as a separate pam- phlet, but the more important are summarized as follows:
Anthropology.—t|mportant archeological material included two Guatemalan vases—a replica of a stuccoed vase from Uaxactun and an original Maya vase from Lake Petén. Alaska was represented by 52 bone and stone artifacts from the Rat Islands, Aleutians, and by an ivory harpoon socket from St. Lawrence Island belonging to the Old Bering Sea culture. From South Africa came 29 Neolithic stone artifacts and potsherds. Other valuable specimens came from the Bull Creek archeological site in Georgia; the Black Mountains, Ariz.; and the Rappahannock River, Va.
Of special interest among the ethnological material received were unusual specimens presented by Mrs. Charles D. Walcott representing the Kiowa Indians of Oklahoma, the Navahos, the Jivaros of South America, and from Hawaii. Other accessions include Madagascan woven fabrics and basketry and Kashmir copper and silver objects collected nearly 50 years ago by the late Dr. W. L. Abbott; baskets, idols, combs, figurines, and other objects from Dahomey, Cameroons,
25
26 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Nigeria, Belgian Congo, Portuguese East Africa, and Southern Rhodesia; jewelry from Tibet; a collection of ethnological material from Guatemala; and costumes and ceremonials of the Blackfeet and the Indiana Algonkians. Nearly 100 specimens were received in the division of ceramics, 57 in musical instruments, and 43 in period art and textiles.
The 600 specimens added to the physical anthropology collection came mostly from Alaska, as a result of the field work of the curator, and from Florida, as a result of Smithsonian-C. W. A. projects. Another lot of skeletal material came from three ossuaries in Mary- land and the District of Columbia.
Biology.—Nearly 300,000 biological specimens a year now come to the Museum, and the total now exceeds 12,000,000. Of those received during the past year the following are outstanding: An unusually large number of mammals from Panama, West Virginia, Siam, Japan, Formosa, and the Philippine Islands, and Dr. Ira N. Gabrielson’s private collection, numbering 855 specimens, which were transferred from the Biological Survey; more than 1,106 skins and skeletons of birds from Siam, 360 from Guatemala, and 1,000 from West Virginia; types and paratypes of many new forms of reptiles and amphibians, both North and South American; 90 large fishes from Lower Califor- nia, over 1,700 fishes collected on the Smithsonian-Roebling expedi- tion, over 800 Siamese fishes, nearly 6,900 fishes deposited in the Mu- seum by the University of Washington, and over 4,400 fishes from Maryland, Virginia, and miscellaneous localities; 60,000 insects trans- ferred from the Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, 60,000 more collected in the West Indies by Drs. E. A. Chapin and R. E. Blackwelder, and the J. F. G. Clarke collection of 10,000 Lepidoptera, mostly from the. Pacific Northwest; over 15,000 marine invertebrates chiefly from various expeditions cooperating with the Smithsonian; 108,000 mollusks from many sources, including 10,000 from Siberia, from the Walter Rathbone Bacon Traveling Scholarship, and 11,000 purchased through the Frances Lea Chamberlain fund; and more than 45,000 plants, about a fourth of which were transferred from the United States Bureau of Plant Industry.
Geology.—tIncome from several Smithsonian funds brought valu- able mineralogical specimens. Through the Roebling fund, crystal groups and mineral examples from many localities; through the Can- field fund, minerals from the copper mines at Tsumeb, Southwest Africa, and crystals of various kinds that make up an unusually colorful exhibit; and through the Frances Lea Chamberlain fund, four rare gem stones. There were also many donated specimens of rare crystals, ores, and other minerals that notably enhance the Museum’s collections.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY BF
Additions to the meteorite collection were obtained largely through the Roebling fund. The total number of distinct meteoritic falls represented in the Museum was increased from 606 to 635 during the year. The new material came from Chile, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Outstanding additions to the rock collections were from Easter Island, Mexico, the Carolinas, Arkansas, Wyoming, and Colorado.
In the field of stratigraphic paleontology most of the year’s acces- sions were obtained by members of the staff: 30,000 Devonian inverte- brates collected by Dr. G. A. Cooper and P. E. Cloud in the Eastern States and 20,000 Tertiary and Cretaceous invertebrates obtained by Dr. R. S. Bassler in Europe. Exchanges arranged with other mu- seums and with individuals brought in many other specimens from Africa, Australia, Austria, Bohemia, England, France, Hawaiian Is- lands, Italy, and the United States, representing various geologic periods and formations and many classes of fossil animals and plants.
About 625 fossil vertebrates were added to the paleontological series- These included 600 Paleocene and Pliocene mammals collected by Dr. C. L. Gazin and party in New Mexico and Arizona last year, a mount- able skeleton of the giant sloth Mylodon harlani from the Rancho La Brea deposits in California, a mounted skeleton of the antilocaprid Merycodus from the Miocene of Montana, an excellently preserved ex- tinct musk-ox skull (Symbos cavifrons) from the Pleistocene of Indi- ana, a nearly complete fossil turtle (Aspideretes superste?) from the Paskapoo formation of Alberta, and two eggs of Struthio anderson, an extinct ostrich, from China.
Arts and industries —The outstanding accession in aeronautics was the gondola of the stratosphere balloon Haplorer IT, in which Capts. A. S. Stevens and O. A. Anderson in 1935 established the present altitude record of 72,395 feet for a manned balloon, presented by the National Geographic Society. The collection of scale models of air- craft was increased by 12 of commercial airmail planes (made for the Great Lakes Exposition), 4 of current Navy types, 2 of World War German planes, and several others including the Stinson De- troiter and Lockhead Vega used by George Hubert Wilkins in his 1927 and 1928 Arctic flights. Mrs. Wiley Post presented instruments that were used on the Winnie Mae. There were also accessioned vari- ous objects connected with the historic flights or aircraft of Calbraith P. Rodgers (1911), Maj. Russell L. Maughan ee) John Moisant (1910), and Alberto Santos-Dumont.
An interesting accession in watercraft is a collection relating to the life and work of John W. Griffiths, naval architect, writer, and editor, whose ships the Rainbow, 1845, and the Sea Wetch, 1846, were the first of the famous American clippers. A number of half-models,
gs ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
many as a result of the Historic American Merchant Marine Survey work, also were added. For the transportation group came the first Franklin automobile (no. 3) to leave the factory in 1902, the oldest existing example of that car; a gig phaeton of about 1840; and a fine operating scale model of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad’s Royal Blue train. Many objects of historical radio equipment, phono- graphs, typewriters, calculating machines, clocks, tools, and electrical devices continued to come in, as well as over 2,000 specimens pertain- ing to textiles, organic chemistry, wood technology, history of agricul- ture, and medicine, and about 500 photographs, prints, drawings, en- gravings, books, tools, and other material relating to the graphic arts.
History.—Nearly 2,000 objects of historic and antiquarian interest and value were received, many of them pertaining to the lives and public careers of eminent Americans and other historic characters, such as Lafayette, Benjamin Franklin, Napoleon I, and President Benjamin Harrison. The numismatic collection was increased by 821 coins, including an important series of United States commemora- tive half-dollars; and the philatelic collection by 1,384 stamps, most of which were specimens of current foreign postage stamps trans- ferred from the Post Office Department.
EXPLORATIONS AND FIELD WORK
The scientific explorations of the year were financed mainly by grants from the invested funds of the Smithsonian Institution or by the assistance of friends of the Museum.
Anthropology.—Henry B. Collins, Jr., assistant curator of ethnol- ogy, in October 1936 terminated his archeological investigations on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, conducted under the joint auspices of the National Geographic Society and the Smithsonian Institution. Previous work on St. Lawrence Island and at Point Barrow had revealed the existence of an ancient but highly developed Eskimo culture, with intermediate stages between it and the modern Eskimo. One objective of the expedition was to search for pre-Eskimo re- mains in the vicinity of Bering Strait, where man may first have entered the American Continent. Mr. Collins and his assistants, James A. Ford and Harrison Prindle, obtained definite evidence on the sequence of prehistoric Eskimo cultures, but nowhere did they find traces of human occupancy antedating that of the Eskimo.
From October to February, Herbert W. Krieger, curator of ethnol- ogy, conducted archeological investigations in the Bahaman Archi- pelago under a Smithsonian grant. He excavated kitchen middens and burials on Long Island, Inagua, and New Providence Island and uncovered data pointing to a close cultural contact between the Luca-
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 29
yan Indians of the Bahamas and the Arawak of Hispaniola and to the tribal migration of the Lucayans at a comparatively recent date from the island of Hispaniola.
Dr. Waldo R. Wedel, assistant curator of archeology, devoted some time to the supervision of excavations at an Indian village site near Seneca, Montgomery County, Md. On May 15 he left to conduct a general archeological survey of northeastern Kansas and to excavate part of an old Kansa site near Kansas City; he was still in the field as the year closed.
Dr. AleS Hrdli¢ka, curator of physical anthropology, assisted by four students, during July and August 1936 investigated sites on the Aleutian Islands, in continuation of his Alaskan researches. He un- earthed an important burial cave on Kagamil Island, transportation being furnished through the cooperation of the United States Coast Guard. In May 1937 he returned again to the Aleutians to continue the work.
Dr. T. Dale Stewart, assistant curator of physical anthropology, visited Indian-burial sites along the Potomac River, assisting private investigators. Also, with the help of Dr. Wedel, he excavated two cssuaries at Bolling Field, D. C.
Biology.—Gerrit S. Miller, curator of mammals, assisted by Charles M. Wheeler, spent 3 months in Panama making collections for the Mu- seum. With Corozal, C. Z., as a base, he worked over most of the Canal Zone from Gatun and Barro Colorado to the Pacific coast and along the national highway of Panama, with side trips to the Pear] Islands, Taboga Islands, and the Indio River. The material brought back includes about 450 mammals, 150 birds, 150 reptiles and amphibi- ans, and 400 plants, as well as fishes, shells, marine invertebrates, and Indian artifacts.
Dr. Remington Kellogg, assistant curator of mammals, was one of the three delegates to represent the United States at a whaling con- ference, which convened in London on May 24, 1937, on invitation of the British Government.
H. G. Diegnan continued collecting in Siam and sent three large shipments of birds and other material to the Museum. Dr. Alexander Wetmore collected birds in the highlands of Guatemala in the fall of 1936 and brought back a series of valuable specimens. W. M. Perrygo and Carleton Lingebach collected birds during the year in West Virginia and Tennessee. Dr. David C. Graham continued his work in western China, forwarding collections mainly of birds and insects.
Dr. Leonard P. Schultz, assistant curator of fishes, and E. D. Ried, aid, made several successful collecting excursions into Virginia as part of a survey of the fresh-water fish fauna of that State.
30 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Dr. E. A. Chapin, curator of insects, spent about 6 weeks in Jamaica, where, after examining entomological collections in Habana, he collected insects on the island in conjunction with Dr. and Mrs. Richard E. Blackwelder. Several families of beetles, hitherto un- known from the island, were taken, as well as many species recognized as new to science. They also took over a thousand specimens repre- senting seven species of the family Dryopidae, previously recorded as nonexistent on the island. A new and interesting coccinellid of the genus Psyllobora was found feeding on a mold growing upon the leaves of beach-grape (Coccoloba uvifera), and at least two unde- scribed species of Scarabaeidae have been recognized in the material collected.
Dr. Waldo L. Schmitt, curator of marine invertebrates, was naturalist on the Smithsonian-Hartford expedition to the West In- dies, traveling on one of the last of the square-rigged ships afloat, the Joseph Conrad, through invitation of the owner, G. Huntington Hartford, and accompanied by Robert G. Lunz, of the Charleston Museum, as assistant. The party began work on March 15 at Nassau in the Bahamas and in 2 months traveled as far south as Barbados. In all they covered about 4,500 miles, making 19 stops for collecting on 15 different islands. ‘The expedition, aided greatly by the excellent equipment provided by Mr. Hartford, was eminently successful. More than 4,000 specimens of marine invetebrates were obtained, chiefly Crustacea, but including also sponges, coelenterates, annelids, mollusks, echinoderms, and lower chordates. Vertebrate material brought back included fishes and two adult porpoises, in one of which was found an embryo.
Dr. Paul Bartsch, curator of mollusks, was a member of the Smith- sonian-Roebling expedition to the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico in the spring of 1937. Traveling on Donald Roebling’s yacht Lorano, the party worked from Habana, Cuba, around the western end of the island and along the south coast as far as Guantanamo. Extensive marine collections were obtained over a wide area. These include material previously poorly represented in the Museum, which is now being studied and rapidly identified.
Geology.—Sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution, Dr. R. S. Bassler, head curator of geology, spent the first 3 months of the fiscal year in geological studies of several classic European areas and in researches on echinoderms and other fossils in English, German, and Dutch museums. He completed studies on several groups of Paleozoic corals and sponges. prepared about 600 casts of Upper Paleozoic crinoid types, collected Tertiary fossils from the Paris, Vienna, and London Basins, and visited the Devonian area of Germany and Czechoslovakia.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY |
Under the auspices of the Roebling fund, E. P. Henderson, assistant curator of physical and chemical geology, spent several months on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, for the purpose of collecting speci- mens of epidote and nner amen for which this locality is noted. With the aid of his assistants, Arthur Montgomery, Edwin Over, and C. B. Ferguson, he eee hundreds of fine crystals of edo thousands of garnets, and many miscellaneous minerals. In May 1937 Mr. Henderson left to attend the Seventeenth International Geo- logical Congress at Moscow.
In the summer of 1936, Dr. G. A. Cooper, assistant curator of strati- graphic paleontology, with Preston E. Cloud as field assistant, visited Middle Devonian localities in the Middle West to collect fossils and study the Middle Devonian rocks. In June 1937 these two men pur- sued further field work on the Middle Devonian rocks of Michigan, New York, and Ontario.
Dr. E. O. Ulrich, associate in paleontology, accompanied by R. D. Mesler, of the Geological Survey, collected fossils and studied Lower Ordovician stratigraphy in Arkansas and nearby States.
C. W. Gilmore, curator of vertebrate paleontology, with Dr. Rem- ington Kellogg, made two short trips to the Chesapeake Bay region to collect cetacean specimens, including several porpoise skulls, previ- ously located by Dr. W. F. Foshag.
Dr. C. Lewis Gazin, assistant curator of vertebrate paleontology, under funds provided by the Smithsonian Institution, conducted an expedition to the San Juan Basin, N. Mex., during the summer of 1936 to explore the Eocene Wasatch and the Puerco and Torrejon formations of the Paleocene for fossil mammal remains. Besides Dr. Gazin, the party included G. F. Sternberg and Harold Shepherd. They were successful in gathering a representation of the important faunas from these classic early Tertiary horizons, about 500 deter- minable specimens being collected from the Paleocene alone. Later in the season they went to Arizona and explored the Gila and San Pedro Valleys for fossils.
Dr. R. Lee Collins, of Bryn Mawr, was given a small grant by the Smithsonian Institution for work in the Miocene deposits along Chesa- peake Bay, during the course of which he collected a number of cetacean specimens, parts of a sirenian, and two bird bones.
MISCELLANEOUS
Visitors.—For the first time, the number of visitors to the various Museum buildings exceeded the 2 million mark, the total for the year being 2,288,532, which is 314,859 more than the previous year. The 3515219 Voter during Nepitee 1936 is the largest number ever re- corded for a single Piaaibe The attendance in the four Museum build-
32 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 19387
ings was recorded as follows: Smithsonian Building, 364,057; Arts and Industries Building, 1,050,388; Natural History Building, 702,657; Aircraft Building, 171,480.
- Publications and printing—The sum of $22,000 was available dur- ing the year for printing the Museum Annual Report, Bulletins, and Proceedings, an increase of $17,950 over the previous year, and a cor- responding increase in volume of publication was reflected. Thirty- three publications were issued—the Annual Report, 1 volume of Proceedings (completed), 2 Bulletins, and 29 Proceedings separates. The two Bulletins issued were: No. 153, part 2, “Birds Collected by the Childs Frick Expedition to Ethiopia and Kenya Colony: Passeres”, by Dr. Herbert Friedmann; and no. 167, “Life Histories of North American Birds of Prey: Part 1, Order Falconiformes”, by Arthur Cleveland Bent, the tenth volume in this series of life histories of North American birds. ‘The total number of octavo pages printed was 1,604; and of plates, 185. Volumes and separates distributed during the year to libraries and individuals throughout the world aggregated 68,822. — more than twice as many as last year.
An important step in the advance of Museum efficiency was the thorough overhauling and equipping of the Museum’s Branch Print- ing Office early in the year. Through the generous cooperation of the Public Printer, a reconditioned and fully equipped linotype machine was installed by the Government Printing Office, together with new type faces suitable for the printing of Museum labels. As a direct result of this new equipment, the labeling and job-printing work of the Museum is practically up to date for the first time in many years.
Assistance from work relief agencies —The Museum profited much by the continued assignment of workers from the Works Progress Administration of the District of Columbia. The number of such workers increased from 66 at the beginning of the year to 88 at the end, and the work totaled 89,419 man-hours, covering the following tasks: Checking, labeling, and repairing library material; preparing draw- ings and photographs; typing; arranging, cataloging, labeling, mounting, and numbering specimens; model making; translating; work on plaster casts; and drafting. °
Special exhibitions Sixteen special exhibitions were held during the year under the auspices of various scientific, educational, and Gov- ernment agencies, such as the Works Progress Administration, Third World Power Conference, Association of Federal Architects, and the District of Columbia Federation of Women’s Clubs.
The division of graphic arts featured 18 special exhibits—9 in graphic arts and 9 in photography.
Changes in organization and staff—No major change in adminis- trative organization occurred during the year and but few changes in the scientific staff. The designation of the carpenter shop was
REPORT OF THH SECRETARY 33
changed in April to cabinet shop, and steps were taken for the ap- pointment of an assistant foreman of the shop to be directly charged with its building-repair activities.
Eight persons were retired for age or disability, as follows— through age: Frank H. Cole, assistant mechanical superintendent in charge of the carpenter shop, on February 28, 1937, with over 39 years of service; William F. Wicks, guard, on May 31, 1937, with 10 years of service; Minor R. Stonnell, tinner’s helper, on June 30, 1937, with nearly 27 years of service; Mrs. Hanorah Downey, attendant, on Oc- tober 31, 1936, with nearly 25 years of service; and Mrs. Elizabeth Merritt, charwoman, on November 80, 1936, with nearly 22 years of service. Through disability: William Henry Goldsmith, foreman of laborers, on April 30, 1937, with 41 years of service (Mr. Goldsmith died on May 4, 1987, 4 days after his retirement) ; Mrs. Elizabeth E. Dorsey, oran of charwomen, on June 15, 1987; and Mrs. Ger- trude Green, charwoman, on May 6, 1937.
Dr. Geone Sk bare resigned as assistant curator of fishes on September 15, 1936, to accept an appointment at Stanford University. Dr. Leonard P. Schultz, of the University of Washington, was ap- pointed to succeed Dr. Myers, December 31, 1936. Dr. Waldo R. Wedel was appointed assistant curator of archeology on August 15, 1936. The designation of Dr. William R. Maxon as head of the di- vision of plants (the National Herbarium) was changed from asso- ciate curator to curator on February 1, 1937. Mrs. Agnes F. Chase, senior botanist in the United States Bureau of Plant Industry, long associated with the late Dr. A. S. Hitchcock, was given honorary appointment on February 15, 1937, as custodian of the section of grasses in the Museum.
Other additions to and changes on the staff during the year in- cluded the appointments of Henry Kaskowitz as junior scientific aid in the division of vertebrate paleontology on August 1, 1936, and of Andreas J. Andrews as scientific aid in the department of anthropology on May 14, 1937; the reallocation of Mrs. Bertha T. Carwithen to senior clerk, assistant personnel officer, on February 16, 1937; the appointment of Owen F. Croggon, senior mechanic (senior cabinetmaker) on July 1, 1936, to fill a new position included in the appropriations for the year; the advancement of John H. Chance to assistant engineer, on September 19, 1936; of Ernest Desantis from guard to principal guard (sergeant of watch) on November 1, 1936, and of John J. Queeney from guard to foreman of laborers on June 18) IIE
On January 1, 1937, Norman H. Boss, chief preparator, inverte- brate paleontology, returned to duty from temporary detail to the Texas Centennial Exposition, at Dallas, and on June 16, 1987, he
34 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
was detailed as exhibit supervisor for the Smithsonian for the Greater Texas and Pan American Exposition at Dallas.
Necrology.—Through death the Museum lost during the year three employees from its active roll: William H. Vanneman, principal guard, on August 20, 1936, after 39 years of service; Frank M. Cheeks, laborer, on January 3, 1937, after 27 years of service; and William C. McKinnon, guard, on February 13, 1937, after 13 years of service. From its list of honorary workers the Museum lost by death on January 9, 19387, Dr. Frederick Vernon Coville, honorary curator of plants since March 28, 1893, associated with the division of plants for many years, and one of those deeply interested always in furthering the Museum’s botanical work.
Respectfully submitted.
ALEXANDER WETMORE, Assistant Secretary. Dr. Cuartzes G. ABsor, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 2 REPORT ON THE NATIONAL COLLECTION OF FINE ARTS
Str: I have the honor to submit the following report on the activi- ties of the National Collection of Fine Arts for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937:
For nearly 8 months of the fiscal year, this bureau of the Smith- sonian Institution carried the name “National Gallery of Art”, but this was changed by an Act of Congress, approved by the President on March 24, 1937, to “National Collection of Fine Arts”, and the old name was assigned to the new Smithsonian bureau created as the result of Andrew W. Mellon’s gift to the Nation of his unexcelled art collection and funds to erect a splendid. building to house it.
A new system of lighting was installed over gallery 3, which pro- duces a pleasing soft light and also does away with the lighting fix- tures and gives a ceiling to the gallery. This also made possible the installation of four stained glass windows, two by John La Farge and two.by William Willet.
Miss Louise A. Rosenbusch, who had been connected with the Smith- sonian Institution for 44 years and had served as Recorder of the National Gallery of Art since it was made a separate unit in 1920, was retired on November 30, 1936.
Visitors to the office concerning art matters numbered 111 during the last 5 months.
APPROPRIATIONS
For the administration of the National Collection of Fine Arts by the Smithsonian Institution, including compensation of necessary employees, purchase of books of reference and periodicals, traveling expenses, uniforms for guards, and necessary incidental expenses, $34,275.00 was appropriated, of which $16,893.29 was expended for the care and maintenance of the Freer Gallery of Art, a unit of the National Collection of Fine Arts.
THE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART COMMISSION
The sixteenth annual meeting of the National Gallery of Art Com- mission was held on December 8, 1936. The members met at 10:30 at the National Gallery of Art, where, as the advisory committee on
35
36 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
the acceptance of works of art which had been submitted during the year, they accepted the following:
Two lithographs: “Drying Fish Nets, Charlevoix” and “‘Edge of the Canyon”, by Grace Neville Carrothers. Gift of the artist in the name of her son, Hdgar M. Carrothers, Jr.
Bronze relief portrait of Daniel Chester French (1850-1935), by Evelyn Beatrice Longman (Batchelder). Gift of Mrs. E. B. L. Batchelder, of Windsor, Conn. (Accepted for the National Portrait Gallery.)
A water color by Samuel Prout (1785-1852). Gift of Mrs. John T. Devine, of Washington, D. C. (The legal status of this gift is in the hands of the executor and has not been decided to date.)
A collection of 197 intaglio prints, by members of the Chicago Society of Etchers, to be added to the 497 intaglio prints given last year. Gift of the Chicago Society of Etchers.
Two line engravings “The Old Tinker” and “The Sister’, and two pencil drawings both entitled “Study for ‘The Hedger’”, by Stanley Anderson. Gift of the artist.
The following two paintings, purchased by the Council of the National Academy of Design from the fund provided by the Henry Ward Ranger be- quest were recalled and claimed, according to the terms of the will: “Centrak Park and the Plaza’, by William A. Coffin (1855-1925) and “Cliffs of the Upper Colorado River, Wyoming Territory”, by Thomas Moran (1837-1926).
A ‘pair of stained glass windows, “Peacock and Peony”, by John LaF arge (1835-1910). Gift of Henry LaFarge.
An oil painting entitled “Dressing for the Rehearsal’, by Seymour J. Guy, N. A. (1824-1910). Gift of Miss Jennie A. Guy, the artist’s daughter.
(In 1928, a Portrait of George Inness, by F. C, Courter, offered as a gift by an anonymous donor, was accepted by the Commission. It was actually received in May 1937, but as a gift of August Franzen.)
The members then proceeded to the Smithsonian Building, where the annual meeting was called to order by the chairman, Mr. Borie. The members present were: Charles L. Borie, Jr., chairman; Frank Jewett Mather, Jr., vice-chairman; Dr. Charles G. Abbot (ex officio), secretary; and Herbert Adams, Frederick P. Keppel, John E. Lodge, Paul Manship, George B. McClellan, Charles Moore, Edward W. Redfield, Edmund.C. Tarbell, and Mahonri Young. Ruel P. Tol- man, curator of the division of graphic arts in the United States National Museum and acting director of the National Collection of Fine Arts, was also present.
Mr. Moore, chairman of the executive committee, stated that Mr. Mellon had had tentative plans for the National Gallery of Art building prepared by John Russell Pope. These plans, as well as the present status of the National Portrait Gallery, were discussed.
The Commission recommended to the Board of Regents the nomi- nation of Dr. George Harold Edgell, director of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, to succeed Mr. Gest, deceased.
The Commission recommended to the Board of Regents the re- election for the succeeding term of 4 years of the following members:
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 27
John E. Lodge, Andrew W. Mellon, Edward W. Redfield, and Paul Manship.
The following officers were elected for the ensuing year: Charles L. Borie, Jr., chairman; Frank Jewett Mather, Jr., vice chairman; and Dr. Charles G. Abbot, secretary; as well as the members of the executive committee—Charles Moore, Herbert Adams, and George B. McClellan (Charles L. Borie, Jr., as chairman of the Commis- sion, and Dr. Charles G. Abbot, as secretary of the Commission, are ex officio members of the executive committee).
The following minute was adopted to express the policy of the Commission in connection with its action in accepting or rejecting Ranger fund paintings:
In reaching a decision as to the acceptance of paintings purchased from the Ranger fund, it was the sense of the Commission that the artistic quality of the painting in question should not necessarily be the only factor to be taken into consideration. ‘The presence of other examples of the artist’s work in the national collection, for example, may properly be taken into considera- tion, or the desirability of a wide distribution of these paintings in the permanent collections of the country.
SPECIAL MEETINGS
In accordance with the request of the chairman, Mr. Borie, the Commission met at the Smithsonian Institution April 6, 1937, for the purpose of affording the members an opportunity of discussing the acceptance by Congress of the Mellon gift under the title of the National Gallery of Art, and the project for the proposed Smithsonian Gallery of Art.
The Commission’s attention was also called to the desire of Mrs. Mabel Johnson Langhorne, daughter of the donor of the Ralph Cross Johnson collection of old masters, to name the Smithsonian Institution in her will to receive certain pictures left to her by her father, if the Institution thought them worthy of acceptance for the national collection.
After the adjournment of the meeting the members inspected the Mellon and Langhorne collections.
On May 11, 1937, a committee of three, appointed by Dr. Abbot and Mr. Borie, consisting of Mr. Redfield, Mr. Tarbell, and Mr. Young, met at the home of Mrs. Langhorne to select the paintings which eventually will come to the Institution to be clesely associated with the Ralph Cross Johnson gift. Almost every painting was considered of such high quality that it would be a valuable addition to the collection.
THE CATHERINE WALDEN MYER FUND
_ Two miniatures were acquired from the fund established through the bequest of the late Catherine Walden Myer, “for the purchase of
38 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
first-class works of art for the use and benefit of the National Gallery of Art”, as follows: “Portrait of Charles Boynton Darling” and “Por- trait of Elizabeth Ellis Darling”, by unknown artist; from Laurence B. Darling, New York, N. Y.
This endowment, although small, has in 5 years made possible the purchase of 11 first-class miniatures, illustrating how a small endow- ment can be used to build up over a period of years an important collection.
DEPOSITS
Portrait of Dr. Leonhard Stejneger, Head Curator of the Depart- ment of Biology, United States National Museum, by Bjorn P. Egeli, presented to the Smithsonian Institution by Dr. Stejneger’s friends on his birthday, October 30, 1936, was deposited in the Gallery by the Smithsonian Institution.
Portrait bust in bronze of Lord Kelvin (William Thomson 1824— 1907), British physicist, by Herbert Hampton, given by the Kelvi- nator Co. to the English Speaking Union for presentation to the Smithsonian Institution, and presented by the British Embassy through the American Branch of the Union, October 9, 1936, was de- posited in the Gallery by the Smithsonian Institution.
LOANS ACCEPTED
A stained glass window, “Consumatum Est”, designed and executed by William Willet (1869-1921) in 1906, which won the contract for a sanctuary window in the United States Military Chapel at West Point; also a pair of small stained glass windows, “Dante” and ‘“Bea- trice”, by William Willet. Lent by Mrs. William Willet, of Philadelphia, Pa.
LOANS MADE
Two portrait drawings in red chalk of Victor Chapman and Nor- man Prince, by John Elliott, were lent to the Art Association of New- port for exhibition at the Tercentenary Retrospective Exhibition, Newport, R. I., from July 25 to August 16, 1936. (Returned Aug. 20, 1936.)
The painting, “High Cliff, Coast of Maine”, by Winslow Homer, was lent to the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, N. Y., for the Winslow Homer Exhibition which was held from December 15, 1936, to January 15, 1937. (This was sent directly to the Carnegie Institute at the close of the exhibition.)
Two paintings by Winslow Homer, entitled “High Cliff, Coast of Maine” and “The Visit of the Mistress”, were lent to The Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa., for the Winslow Homer Memorial Exhibi-
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 39
tion held January 28 through March 7, 1937. (These were returned Mar. 13 and 19, 1937, respectively.)
Through the cooperation of Miss Leila Mechlin, director of the Southern Art Projects, 16 paintings were lent to the New Mint Mu- seum of Art, Charlotte, N. C., for its special inaugural exhibition from October 22 to December 31, 1936, as follows:
June, by John Alexander.
Caresse Infantine, by Mary Cassatt.
Summer, by Charles H. Davis.
Portrait Sketch of Walter Shirlaw, by Frank Duveneck. Illusions, by Henry B. Fuller.
Sundown, by George Inness.
An Interlude, by Wm. Sergeant Kendall.
Visit of Nicodemus to Christ, by John La Farge. Three Trees, by W. L. Lathrop.
A Family of Birches, by Willard L. Metcalf. Bradbury’s Mill Pond No. 2, by Henry W. Ranger. The Torrent, by John H. Twachtman.
November, by Dwight Tryon.
The Cup of Death, by Elihu Vedder.
A Gentlewoman, by J. Alden Weir.
Autumn at Arkville, by Alexander H. Wyant.
Seven of the above paintings were returned January 5, 1937. The following nine paintings were shipped directly from the New Mint Museum of Art at the close of the exhibition to the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, N. C., for an exhibition from January 15 to February 20, 1937; the paintings were then forwarded to Sa- vannah, Ga., where they were exhibited at the Telfair Academy of Arts and Sciences from March 7 to 28, 1937. (They were returned A pri2s 193,/.)
Portrait Sketch of Walter Shirlaw, by Frank Duveneck. Bradbury’s Mill Pond No. 2, by Henry W. Ranger.
The Torrent, by John H. Twachtman.
A Gentlewoman, by J. Alden Weir.
Autumn at Arkville, by Alexander H. Wyant.
Visit of Nicodemus to Christ, by John La Farge.
A Family of Birches, by Willard L. Metcalf.
Caresse Infantine, by Mary Cassatt.
Three Trees, by W. L. Lathrop.
Three paintings, by undetermined artists, were lent December 17, 3936, to the Public Library of the District of Columbia, as follows: | Madonna with Halo of Stars.
Adoration of the Christ Child. The Christ Child with Cross and Torch.
An oil painting, “Mother Love”, by Charles F. Naegele, was lent March 10, 1937, to the High Museum of Art, Atlanta, Ga. (It was
returned May 5, 1987.) 22606—374
40 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
A bronze statue of Lincoln, by Augustus Saint Gaudens, was lent, with the consent of the owners, the Estate of Mrs. John Hay, to the Great Lakes Exposition, Cleveland, Ohio, for exhibiton from May 29 to September 6, 1937.
GALLERY LOANS RETURNED
The painting entitled “The Moose Chase”, by George de Forest Brush, lent through the Carnegie Public Library at Fort Worth, Tex., to the Fort Worth Frontier Centennial Exhibition, held at Forth Worth, was returned November 20, 1936.
Two small bronzes by Edward Kemeys, entitled “Bear” and “Coyote”, lent with permission of their owner, Mr. William Kemeys, to the Dallas Museum of Fine Arts for exhibition at the Texas Centennial Exposition, were returned December 7, 1936.
The painting “Fired On”, by Frederic Remington, and the “Por- trait of Premier Georges Clemenceau”, by Cecilia Beaux, lent to The Dallas Museum of Fine Arts for exhibition at the Texas Cen- tennial Exposition, were returned December 8, 1936.
The following five paintings, lent to the Public Library of the District of Columbia on February 28, 1936, were returned December 17, 1936:
Portrait of Henry B. Fuller, by George Fuller. Portrait of Jessie J. Burge, by Abbott H. Thayer. Portrait of Wyatt Eaton, by J. Alden Weir.
The Visit of the Mistress, by Winslow Homer. Moonlight, by Albert P. Ryder.
The “Portrait Sketch of Walter Shirlaw”, by Frank Duveneck, lent to the Cincinnati Museum of Art, Cincinnati, Ohio, for an exhibition of the works of Duveneck, was returned September 15, 1936.
WITHDRAWALS BY OWNERS
Two portraits in pastel by James Sharples (1751-1811) of Gen. James Miles Hughes, original member of the Society of the Cincin- nati, and Mrs. James Miles Hughes, his wife, lent in 1932; with- drawn by their owner, Madame Florian Vurpillot on December 115), 1936.
One oil painting entitled “A Farnese Investiture”, lent in 1928: withdrawn by the owner, Mrs. Estelle Bakewell- Green on March Ps NB
A reproduction i in silver, made in England about 1850, of a -silver- gilt wine pitcher, attributed to Benvenuto Cellini, leat im) 1933. withdrawn by the owner, Capt. Frank O. Ferris, on April 20, 1937.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY Al
A painting entitled “Adoration of the Kings”, by B. Van Orley (1493-1542) ; withdrawn by the owner, Mrs. Marshall Langhorne, on May 3, 1937.
A bronze bust of Dr. John Wesley Hill, by Joseph Anthony Atchison, lent by the sculptor in 1980; withdrawn by Mr. Wade H. Cooper, the owner, on May 5, 1937.
THE HENRY WARD RANGER FUND PURCHASES
Since it is a provision of the Ranger bequest that paintings pur- chased from the fund and assigned to American art institutions may be claimed by the National Gallery during the 5-year period be- ginning 10 years after the death of the artist represented, five paint- ings were recalled for action of the National Gallery of Art Com- mission at its meeting December 8, 1936.
Two paintings were accepted by the Commission to become per- manant accessions of the Gallery, as listed earlier in this report.
The following three paintings were returned, thus becoming the absolute property of the respective art institutions:
“The Maumee River’, by Carlton T. Chapman, N. A., to the Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio.
“Dawn”, by Dwight W. Tryon, N. A., to the Cuanenia Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa.
“Repose of Evening”, by Ben Foster, N. A., to the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
SPECIAL EXHIBITIONS
Two exhibitions were held as follows:
January 12, 1937.—A_ special exhibition commemorating the one- hundredth anniversary of the birth of Thomas Moran, N. A. (1837- 1926). This exhibition remains on view.
April 9 to 29, 1937.—Exhibition of the Second Annual Metropoli- ton State Art Contest, 1937, under the auspices of the department of fine arts of the District of Columbia Federation of Women’s Clubs, cooperating with the following Washington art organiza- tions: The Arts Club, the League of American Pen Women, Minia- ture Painters Sculptors and Gravers Society, Society of Washing- ton Artists, Washington Landscape Club, Washington Society of KEtchers, Washington Water Color Club, and a free lance group. There were 305 exhibits, prints, paintings, and sculpture by 148 artists. Cards were issued by the Gallery to an opening view.
THE NATIONAL COLLECTION OF FINE ARTS REFERENCE LIBRARY
The 888 publications accessioned during the year were obtained through purchase, transfer, gift, and exchange. One hundred and
4? ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
nine volumes of periodicals were sent to the bindery. The physical equipment of the library was improved by replacing the remaining wooden bookcases with steel shelves.
Miss Lucile A. Torrey was appointed librarian January 18, 1937.
SPECIAL DETAILS
The Acting Director was detailed from November 4 to 7, 1936, to visit the Syracuse Museum of Fine Arts. This made possible a careful study of the contemporary work in ceramics being done in the United States. He also visited the Walters Gallery, the Balti- more Museum of Art, and the Municipal Museum, which is devoted to the relics of Rembrandt Peale and his time.
A second detail from December 18 to 20, 1936, was granted to visit the art galleries at Chapel Hill and Charlotte, N. C.:
PUBLICATIONS
TormMAN, R. P. Report on the National Gallery of Art for the year ending June 30, 1936. Appendix 2, Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution for the year ending June 30, 1936, pp. 29-35.
Loper, J. E. Report on the Freer Gallery of Art for the year ending June 30, 1936. Appendix 8, Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institu- tion for the year ending June 30, 1936, pp. 36-39, pls. 1-2.
Respectfully submitted.
R. P. Totman, Acting Director. Dr. C. G. Axssor,
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 3 REPORT ON THE FREER GALLERY OF ART
Sir: I have the honor to submit the seventeenth annual report on the Freer Gallery of Art for the year ending June 30, 1937:
THE COLLECTIONS
Additions to the collections by purchase are as follows: BRONZE
37.29. Cambodian (Khmer), twelfth century. A seated Buddha. Coppery bronze with a green patina. 0.240 by 0.132 over all.
37.1. Chinese, early Chou dynasty. A ceremonial vessel of the type yii. White bronze with a rough green patina; small areas of unaltered metal and earthy incrustation. Decoration in low relief. Inscription in seven characters. 0.418 by 0.565 over all. (Illustrated.)
37.30. Chinese, Han dynasty. A mirror; so-called TLV type. The surface is
immaculate, with a glossy black patina slightly clouded with green on the face. Diameter, 0.143.
37.15. Chinese, late Han or later. A mirror. The surface has a glossy gun- metal black patina with small areas of green aerugo on the back; brilliant gray clouded with black and green on the face. The decora- tion is in high and countersunk relief. Inscription of 56 characters. Diameter, 0.135. (Illustrated. )
31.14. Chinese, Six Dynasties or earlier. A mirror. The surface has a dark olive green patina on the back; brilliant bluish gray on the face; earthy adhesions. The principal decoration is of figures and horse- drawn chariots in moderately high relief. Diameter, 0.210.
MANUSCRIPT
87.6. Arabic, ninth-tenth century. A section of the Qur‘dn (from Chapter IT) written on 32 parchment leaves; later binding of “marbled” paper. Kufie seript in dark brown ink; diacritics in red; golden ‘ashiras and verse-stops. 0.245 by 0.330, average leaf. 87.11. Arabic, ninth-tenth century. A parchment leaf from a Qur‘dn with full page designs in gold, marking, respectively, the end of a chapter and the beginning of another. 0.122 by 0.190. 37.28. Arabic, A. D, 1283. Yaqut al-Musta‘simi, calligrapher. A bound book; later leather binding (broken): The collected verses of al-Hadira. Thulth and naskhi scripts in black. Dated colophon. 0.277 by 0.205, average leaf. rar 87.31. Arabic, fourteenth century (?). A paper leaf from a Qur‘an. Naskhi script in gold, nine lines to a page; diacritics in blue and light red. Illuminated verse-stops and two marginal ‘ashiras. 0.340 by 0.217. 43
44 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
37.32. Arabic, fourteenth-fifteenth century (?). A paper leaf from a Qur‘dn. Naskhi script in gold, 11 lines to a page; diacritics, verse-stops, and marginal ornaments illuminated in gold and blue. 0.385 by 0.254.
37.87. Arabic (Turkey), seventeenth century (?). A bound volume; leather binding (damaged): A collection of prayers entitled Munajat Qur'an sharif. Small, clear naskhi script in black on 53 paper leaves; head- ings in thulth script in gold and silver. Golden verse-stops; illumi- nated corner-pieces. 0.252 by 0.172.
87.40. Arabic (Turkey), sixteenth-seventeenth century (?). A section of the Quran (Chapters LXVII-LXXVII) ; leather binding. Alternations of naskht and thulth scripts in black on 28 paper leaves. ‘Titles in gold, green, or blue. “6.309 by 0.270, average leaf.
87.83-37.34. Arabic (Persia), Jate tenth century. Two leaves from a Qur‘dn.
Slender Kufic script in dark brown ink on paper; diacritics in red, brown, and blue. Illumjnated chapter heading (37.34 verso), marginal lectionary marks and verse-stops. 0.240 by 0.340. (37.83. Illustrated.)
37.41. Aramaic (Syriac), A. D. 1213-14. A bound volume (covers missing) : The New Testament. LHstrangelo script in black and red on 7 paper leaves plus 324 parchment leaves. Two colophons. 0.257 by 0.193, average leaf.
36.15. Armenian, A. D. 1669 and 1670. A volume in contemporary binding of leather overlaid with red velvet and silver appliques: The Gospel according to the four Evangelists. Black, red, blue, green, and golden round-hand (bolorgir) on 298 parchment leaves. Initials, paragraphs, title-pages, arcades, and 6 full-page miniatures, all in colors and gold. Dated colophons. 0.252 by 0.185 over all; 0.248 by 0.178, average leaf.
37.18. Armenian, fourteenth century. A leather bound volume: The Psalter ‘of the orthodox Church. Black, red, blue, and golden, round-hand (bolorgir) on 302 parchment leaves. Miniatures (12); illuminated headings (9), initials (71), and paragraphs (70). Colophon. 0.124 by 0.086 over all; 0.115 by 0.088, average leaf.
37.19. Armenian, A. D. 1650-1. A leather bound volume with silver clasps: the orthodox Hymnal (Sharaknotz). Black, red, and golden round- hand (bolorgir) with musical notation on 487 parchment leaves. Miniatures (16); illuminated headpieces (9'), initials (145), and par- agraphs (145 plus 1). Dated head-piece and colophon. 0.121 by 0.085 over all; 0.119 by 0.078, average leaf.
37.2-37.4. Persian, sixteenth century. Three leaves from a manuscript of
Yusuf u-Zulaikhad by Jami. Wach leaf is inlaid in a larger leaf of colored paper upon which border designs of animals, birds, a grapevine, and floral scrolls are executed in gold. 0.252 by 0.150, average leaf. From the same manuscript as 36.9-36.12.
37.35. Persian, sixteenth century. A leather bound volume containing three manuscripts :
I. Shah Mahmud Nishapuri, calligrapher. Fine nasta‘liq script on 28 paper leaves. Illuminated headpiece. Colophon dated in correspondence with A. D. 1523.
If. A collection of lyric poems. Minute nasta‘ljq script on 13 paper leaves, much illuminated.
III. Salim al-Katib (Nishapuri), Calligrapher. Bold nasta‘liq script in white on 5 green paper leaves. Colophon.
0.261 by 0.168, average leaf.
PLATE 1
Secretary's Report, 1937.—Appendix 3
SOME RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE COLLECTION OF THE FREER GALLERY OF ART.
Secretary's Report, 1937.—Appendix 3 PLES 2
SOME RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE COLLECTION OF THE FREER GALLERY OF ART.
REPORT OF THE SHCRETARY 45
PAINTING
37.12. Chinese Ytian period, A. D. 13852. By Wu Chén (A. D. 1280-1354). A river landscape entitled “Fishermen”, after a design by Ching Hao. Ink on paper. Signature, label, poem, and dated colophon by the artist. Makimono: 0.325 by 5.622.
37.06. Indian, Rajput, Rajasthani, sixteenth century. A musical mode (Gujart
. ragini): a night scene with two figures—a distraught lady and her attendant. Full color on paper. Inscription. 0.196 by 0.145.
37.42. Indian, Rajput, Pahari (Kangra), eighteenth century. A girl with a pet antelope. Full color on paper. 0.211 by 0.149.
_ 37.43. Indian, Rajput, Pahari (Kangra), late eighteenth century. A musical mode (Pirva, rdgad) : Radha’s toilette—a scene on a terrace. Colors on paper. 0.154 by 0.108.
37.44. Indian, Rajput, Pahari (Kangra), eighteenth—nineteenth century. A musical mode (Purvd rdga@) : Radha’s toilette—in a garden. Colors on paper. 0.169 by 0.107.
37. 38-37.39. Persian, fourteenth century. Two paper leaves (trimmed) : Studies
of trees, from Qaswini’s Cosmography. Colors on paper. 0.090 by 0.113; 0.064 by 0.120.
37.22. Persian, Herat school, late fifteenth century. A dromedary, hoppled, with its keeper. Full color and slight gold on paper. 0.115 by 0.145.
37.24. Persian, Herat school, late fifteenth century. The prophets Elias and
Khadir at the Fountain of Life: An episode from Nizami’s Sikan- darnama. Colors and silver (darkened) on paper. 0.157 by 0.1384.
37.25. Persian, Herat school, fifteenth century. Two demons, fettered—one with cup and wine flask, one playing a musical instrument. Tinted drawing with additions of gold on paper. 0.146 by 0.220.
37.26. Persian, Herat school, fifteenth century. A horseman killing a lion. Colors and gold on paper. 0.140 by 0.210.
37.27, Persian, Herat school, fifteenth century. The abduction by sea: an illustration of an episode in the poem “The Hight Paradises’, in- cluded in the Khamsah of Amir Khusraw Dihlawi. Full color, gold and silver (darkened) on paper. 0.270 by 0.193.
37.7. Persian, Safawi period, mid-sixteenth century. By Shah Quli. An angel, flying, with cup and wine flask. In ink, slight tint and gold on paper. Signature. 0.180 by 0.135.
37.8. Persian, Safawi period, sixteenth century. By Muhammad of Herat. Portrait of a prince wearing a mantle of gold brocade figured with pairs of captors and captives. Full color and gold on paper. Sig- nature. 0.195 by 0.105.
37.20. Persian, Safawi period, early sixteenth century. A horse, saddled and bridled, attended by a groom. Full color and gold on paper. In- scribed with an attribution to Master Haydar ’Ali. 0.118 by 0.110.
37.21. Persian, Safawi period, sixteenth century. A camel, richly caparisoned, and his conductor. Full color and gold on paper. Signature and date written within the border: Shaykh Muhammad, 964 (A. D. 1556-7). 0.109 by. 0.132. (Illustrated.)
87.23. Persian, Safawi period, sixteenth century. Portrait of a young prince, with a parrot on his wrist. Line drawing, with additions of color, on paper. 0.147 by 0.083.
46 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
POTTERY
87.16. Chinese, Sung dynasty. Kwan yao: a miniature vase with tubular handles and two corresponding holes in the foot-rim. Dense, hard clay; lustrous gray glaze with large, irregular crackle. 0.102 by 0.061.
37.17. Chinese, Sung dynasty. Ju yao: a cup holder, with wide five-foiled flange. Hard, gray porcelaneous clay; lustrous grayish green glaze, medium crackle. 0.067 by 0.166.
37.18. Chinese, Sung dynasty. Lung-ch‘iian yao: a vase with long neck and two handles of fish form. Hard, dense clay; lustrous celadon glaze. 0.259 by 0.113. z
87.5. Persian, Rhages (Raiy), thirteenth century. By ‘Ali bin Yusuf. A bowl (broken and repaired). Soft, sandy, white clay; white tin enamel glaze (crazed) and a transparent. wash under the foot. The decoration of people and horses is painted in polychrome enamels and leaf-gold. Kufic inscription inside; naskhi inscription outside; _ both with signature. 0.087 by 0.206.
37.9. Syrian, eleventh-twelfth century. A pitcher, thin-walled, with a low foot-rim (broken and repaired). Soft, sandy white clay; cream- white enamel glaze with traces of iridescence. Decorated with 4 band of Kufie lettering in low relief. 0.130 by 0.120.
37:10. Syrian, twelfth-thirteenth century. A pitcher (broken and repaired). Fairly hard, white clay; lustrous white enamel glaze of egg-shell texture. The decoration is carved in relief, with details in pierced work filled with glaze. 0.100 by 0.088.
Curatorial work has, as before, consisted largely in the study of Chinese, Tibetan, Japanese, Aramaic, Armenian, Arabic, Persian, East Indian, and Cambodian objects in the collection, of the texts and seals associated with them, and in the preparation of this ma- terial for Gallery records. In addition, 810 objects and 286 photo- graphs of objects, Oriental for the most part, were submitted to the Curator for expert opinion as to provenance, age, quality, or other significance. Written or oral reports on these things were made to the institutions or private owners who had requested this service. Written translations of 31 inscriptions in Oriental lan- guages were also made upon request, and 2 inscriptions—one in Chinese, the other in Egyptian hieroglyphics—were composed for the use of two Departments of the Government.
Changes in exhibition have involved a total of 92 objects, as follows:
FS TASSYi OTST esse! so sce UA ME Eas luae cal a Shh ee Uns Oca na alt BLONZES HC WME Se ees Ewe oo Ses bid USTs) Ae NA 2 Paintings: SATYY CTU GAD ee UR oe AN LS ee A NI 2, CP aTi IK eKS CSD _ NS ARS NES MA CU RS Are NGC 5 25
REPORT OF THE SHCRETARY AZT
ATTENDANCE
The Gallery has been open to the public every day from 9 until 4:30 o’clock, with the exception of Mondays, Christmas Day, and New Year’s Day.
The total attendance of visitors coming in at the main entrance was 140,881. The total attendance for week-days, exclusive of Mon- days, was 94,221; Sundays, 46,660. The average week-day attend- ance was 365; the average Sunday attendance, 897. The highest monthly attendance was reached in April (30,837) and in August (14,084) ; the lowest monthly attendance in December (6,418).
There were 1,600 visitors to the main office during the year. The purposes of their visits were as follows:
Home eneraliyimbo rma tloMess nhs wl 2 da oe eee a ae a 2 304 MOeSeCEROMIECES: TNEStOrAge= eho). Pk hee ES A a es 348 Ara She ng abn Sia Be kote AE ea ee a eee 98 Ee Fame AIM Sis be oy ce ie eae oot ee 3 Near Hastern paintings and manuscripts_____________----------_~ 33 ES Car aD APTN SSR a i ie i Pe 5 PANTING Ta CANN DTNGIIN SS ey peak pte aE i ei a 83 AVY ans Stel ores Fog HIT ea eS el a Sls an a ol as a Ne ae 14 Oriental pottery, jade, bronzes, sculptures______--__--_-_--_-_-_-- 82 By ZamibiMer OWI ECS ee ees ale ae ee ee 2 BACT NCAT ATO OCLC TY a a eee 1 WKESRING LOM VMGnNWSCriptse 2. = etree eae ee Ee eee 27 MoORRe aa Mina e WiDr Tye es A Ce POR eR ede BAW sea Ee 201 To make tracings and sketches from library books_+*_---_________--__-_-_ 5 Morsee building andsinstallationk a2 2 s- ask e e 15 To obtain permission to photograph or sketeh_-__---__--___---__-----___ ra Momsubmit objects tor examinations 2-222 es eee 159 Morvexamine or purchase photographs! ==. 22a) eee eee 370 ioeseesmembersot the stati. 224 siiOpGil Oo lot OU Big) Lo poles 230 To see the exhibition galleries on Mondays___---____--_--___----------- 40
LECTURES AND DOCENT SERVICE
Three illustrated talks were given by members of the staff before three local organizations. Upon request, 15 groups, ranging from 2 to 15 persons (total 149), were given instruction in the study rooms, and 10 groups, ranging from 10 to 50 persons (total 262), were given docent service in the exhibition galleries.
PERSONNEL
On February 15, 1937, Thomas R. Fullalove, painter, retired, after 16 years of most excellent service.
Grace T. Whitney worked intermittently at the Gallery between October 15, 1936, and June 30, 1937, on translations of Persian texts.
Respectfully submitted.
Dr. C. G. Axnzor, J. KE. Lopez, Curator. Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 4 REPORT ON THE BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the field researches, office work, and other operations of the Bureau of Amer- ican Ethnology during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937, conducted in accordance with the act of Congress of March 19, 1936. The act referred to contains the following item:
American ethnology: For continuing ethnological researches among the Amer- ican Indians and the natives of Hawaii, the excavation and preservation of archeologic remains under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution, includ- ing necessary employees, the preparation of manuscripts, drawings, and illus- trations, the purchase of books and periodicals, and traveling expenses, $58,730.00.
SYSTEMATIC RESEARCHES
M. W. Stirling, Chief, spent the major part of the fiscal year in Washington, during which time the ethnological report on the Jivaro Indians of Ecuador was completed and submitted to the printer.
At the end of February 1937 Mr. Stirling left Washington for St. Augustine, Fla., in order to attend the conference held under the auspices of the Carnegie Institution of Washington for the purpose of outlining a program of research concerning the historical and archeological past of the city of St. Augustine and vicinity. At the conclusion of this conference he continued to Manatee, Fla., in order to examine some interesting newly discovered mounds in that vicinity. Continuing up the Gulf Coast of Florida, a visit was made to Bristol, on the Apalachicola River, where a sherd collection was made on a large mound near the river south of the town. Mr. Stirling then pro- ceeded to Panama City, Fla., in order to photograph several private archeological collections.
From Panama City, Mr. Stirling went to Macon, Ga., for the pur- pose of examining the large archeological project there which was inaugurated by the Smithsonian Institution with the Society for Georgia Archeology and now being conducted under the auspices of that society by Dr. A. R. Kelly. From Macon, Mr. Stirling proceeded to Philadelphia, Pa., in order to attend the International Conference on Early Man, held under the auspices of the Philadelphia Academy of Sciences. On the conclusion of this conference Mr. Stirling returned to Washington.
48
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY A9
Mr. Stirling was delegated to represent the Smithsonian Institu- tion at the meeting held at Media, Pa., on May 18, 19387, in honor of the one hundredth anniversary of the birth of Daniel Brinton.
Dr. John R. Swanton, ethnologist, devoted the greater part of his time during the past fiscal year to work as chairman of the United States De Soto Expedition Commission. This involved field expedi- tions from November 11 to December 9, 1936, and from May 16 to June 4, 1937, except for 3 days, December 3 to 5, devoted to a meeting of the Commission at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Ala. The first field trip extended over parts of Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas. The second was confined to an intensive study of that section of De Soto’s route which passed through northern Mississippi. During these expeditions small collections of potsherds were made, which will be of assistance in studying the cul- tures of the prehistoric inhabitants of the several areas visited. As chairman of the fact-finding committee of the same Commission, Dr. Swanton prepared a report covering about 600 typewritten pages, and this was adopted by the Commission at its Tuscaloosa meeting and embodied in its report to Congress. The entire report has since been submitted, but, as publication has not yet been ordered, it is still pos- sible to add material, and he is engaged in doing so.
During the year Dr. Swanton also made some additions to his data on the Indians of the Southeast, and he has been collecting from orig- inal sources the most important references to the Quapaw Indians.
Until the end of the fiscal year Dr. Swanton continued as a member of the executive committee of the Division of Anthropology and Psychology of the National Research Council and as vice-president of section H of the American Association for the Advancement of Science for the current calendar year.
Dr. Truman Michelson, ethnologist, renewed his researches among the Algonquian tribes of the James and Hudson Bay region under a grant-in-aid by the American Council of Learned Societies. He spent some time at Moose Factory, and a short time at Fort George, Attawapiskat, and Weenusk. Owing to the presence of some Albany Cree at Moose Factory and some Indians from Ruppert’s House as well as on shipboard, he was able to do personal work with them. By correspondence he obtained some additional text-material from Rupert’s House; by meeting the manager of the Hudson Bay Co.’s post at the Ghost River and an Indian from Lac la Ronge he ob- tained data from these regions. The results of the previous expedi- tion were checked up as much as feasible. It results that the state- ment made previously that east of Hannah Bay Cree leaves off and Montagnais-Naskapi begins is confirmed. Besides texts and vocabu- laries from the general area, a rather complete schedule of kinship terms for the Great Whale River Indians,those of Fort George,the Cree
5O ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
of Moose Factory, Albany, Attawapiskat, and Weenusk was obtained. Very obviously the system of consanguinity favors cross-cousin marriage; and it is to be noted that at the Great Whale River and Albany both types of this marriage occur; at Moose and Attawapiskat it is restricted to marriage with paternal aunt’s daughter; at Weenusk apparently neither type obtains. It may be mentioned that by lin- guistic technique it is possible to show in the places named that a number of old terms have been replaced, e. g., the term for cross- nephew has been replaced by the term originally restricted to son-in- law, etc. Also the kinship systems favor exogamy, but he has not been able to find a true gens or clan organization in the whole area.
Dr. Michelson returned to Washington September 20, where he studied the material gathered on this and previous expeditions. By correspondence with Hudson Bay Co.’s officials and a missionary he obtained data on the Cree of Cumberland House, Norway House, Oxford House, Trout Lake, God’s Lake (all dialects in which original Z is replaced by 7), Montreal Lake, Stanley, Pelecan Narrows (dia- lects in which original / is replaced by vy). A study was made of the Montagnais of Le Jeune, over 300 years ago; the orthography plainly — indicates kh, tch, and some other variations are representatives of one and the same sound, namely, the one usually transcribed by Ze. This study enabled him also to make at least one correction to the Handbook of American Indians, and prove one supposed Algonkin tribe actually was Montagnais-Naskapi. From correspondence it, would appear that the dialect spoken at Island Lake is a mixture of Cree, Ojibwa, and possibly Algonkin proper. This indicates that in a number of places there is such a mixture, but apparently not on the same scale. A map showing the distribution and interrelations of the Cree and Montagnais-Naskapi dialects has been made. Tech- nical papers have appeared in professional journals, and others have been prepared and are awaiting publication. The Bureau published Fox Miscellany (Bulletin 114), the proof-sheets of which were corrected during the fiscal year.
At the beginning of the fiscal year, Dr. John P. Harrington, ethnologist, prepared a report on the Use of Ferns in the Basketry of the Indians of Northwestern California, centering on the use of fern species among the Karuk tribe. The baskets of this section are really built of lumber, that is, of the shredded roots of the Oregon pine. But the two materials which make the baskets beautiful are the glossy black of maidenhair fern stems and the handsome red of Woodwardia fern filaments, dyed with alder bark.
Dr. Harrington next prepared a paper on Kiowa Memories of the Black Hills and of the Devil’s Tower. The Kiowa Indians, 600 miles to the south, still have memories of the Black Hills country of South Dakota, which they occupied some 150 years ago. They
REPORT OF THE SECRHTARY 51
also retain knowledge of myths regarding the remarkable basalt column near Sundance, Wyo., on the northwestern slope of the Black Hills, known as the Devil’s Tower, but to the Kiowa as the Rock Standing Like a Tree. An elaborate paper was finished on the subject, going into the geology, history, and mythology of the Devil’s Tower.
Dr. Harrington next finished a report on The Northern Pro- venience of the Navajo and Apache, tracing related languages in detail to Alaska, northwestern Canada, and the Pacific Coast of the United States, and telling in detail how the relationship of Navajo and Apache to the Indians of the far northwest was dis- covered by W. W. Turner, librarian in the Patent Office, Wash- ington, D. C., in 1852. This voluminous report resulted in the discovery by Dr. Harrington of a curious distribution of these lan- guages, the map of which takes the form of a wishbone. Their nucleus is in the far Northwest, one prong extending down the Pacific Coast and terminating a little north of San Francisco Bay, another eastern prong extending down through the Rocky Moun- tain region and culminating in the Navajo and Apache of the Southwest. An exhaustive study was made of the earliest docu- ments and maps on the subject, in the compilation of which Dr. Harrington was assisted by the Geographic Board of Canada.
A report was completed on the Siberian Origin of the Ameri- can Indian, presenting the background, the earliest historic writ- ings on the subject, the Eskimo problem, the problem of the means of crossing (whether by boat, over ice, or by means of former land bridge), the distribution of tribes and density of population as bearing out the theory, and general aspects. In this study he was assisted by many other students, including native interpreters of the Bering Strait region. This report suggests that America was first discovered as a result of over-population which developed in the east of Asia and forced Paleo-Siberian peoples to enter the Chukchi Peninsula. From this point they sighted and spilled over into America, using the Diomede Islands as resting places on their transit, if this were during the period of the existence of the Ber- ing Strait, and followed the food supply down what is now the Alaskan coast, without realizing that they had discovered anything more than an outlying island.
A paper was prepared on the Life of Jeronimo, Apache Indian Chief, and the Indian leader whose expeditions probably cost the United States Government more money and trouble than did those of any other chieftain. The life and times of Jeronimo were minutely searched, and data were compiled in chronological order. The material of this paper is especially interesting to the American
52 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
public as it deals with a period already dimming in the memories of living men. The name, Alope, of the first wife of Jeronimo, was discovered to be merely a corruption of the Mexican Spanish name Guadalupe.
Studies on linguistic relationship in the Southwest and California were continued. These studies have resulted in the discovery that Tano-Kiowan and Aztecan are genetically related, and to this larger group Dr. Harrington gave the name Patlan. ‘The discovery was also made that Hopi is a Southern California Shoshonean dialect, showing developments in common with the Southern California Sho- shonean dialects, and constituting with them a dialectic group of the Aztecan family in contradistinction to any other group. This unity of Hopi with Southern California Shoshonean was first noticed many years ago, the word for wood-rat (e. g., Hopi gdala, wood-rat, South- ern California Shoshonean gdala, wood-rat) leading immediately to the discovery. It was also noticed by Dr. J. R. Swanton and Dr. Harrington that Tano-Kiowan and Shoshonean have genetic rela- tionship with the languages of the Southeastern United States (Musk- hogean, Chitimacha, Atakapa, Tonkawa, Timucua), Tano-Kiowan, for instance, and all the Southeastern languages above-mentioned showing the characteristic prefix na-, something, used in deriving nouns from verbs (e. g., Tanoan tha, to dwell; natha, house).
At the beginning of the fiscal year Dr. Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr., archeologist, was engaged in excavating at the Lindenmeier site in northern Colorado. At this place remains attributable to the ma- terial culture of Folsom man, one of the earliest known inhabitants of the New World, are found. The 1936 investigations constituted the third season’s work there, and valuable new information was obtained on this important phase in the study of the history of the American Indian. Digging was carried on at three different por- tions of the site, and considerable new bone material and several new types of implements came from the excavations. Most of the bones were from the large extinct species of bison (Bison taylor) which the people hunted, but in addition a number of bones from the Amer- ican camel, probably Camelops, were obtained in direct association with the bison bones and with stone implements. This adds one more extinct species of animal to the list of those found with Folsom artifacts. One of the significant facts established by the work is _ that the site was occupied before and during a period characterized by the formation of a thick, black soil layer produced by heavy vege- tation that thrived when conditions were more favorable than those of recent times. That the people were there before the inception of this era of abundant growth points to an even greater antiquity than that suggested by the presence of implements and bones in the bottom
REPORT OF THH SECRETARY 53
of the soil level. The work was brought to a close September 5, 1936.
In the latter part of August Dr. Roberts also investigated a site near Kersey, Colo., where Folsom type objects were found by F. W. Powars and his son Wayne, residents of Greeley. This location is on a low terrace of the rolling terrain lying along the south side of the South Platte River valley. Present evidence indicates that it was a camp, but one occupied for a relatively short period of time. Specimens obtained there represent a typical Folsom complex. ‘They are so similar to those from the Lindenmeier site that it is difficult to distinguish between specimens from the two sites. Bones are scarce, and those recovered are so fragmentary that they are valueless for determining the species of the animals represented.
'After the completion of the Lindenmeier and Powars site investi- gations Dr. Roberts proceeded to Sterling, Colo., where he visited and inspected a number of sites in that vicinity. AJl proved to be of more recent origin than the Folsom type material. From Sterling Dr. Roberts returned to Washington. The autumn months were spent in the office working over the material obtained during the summer’s investigations.
February 24 Dr. Roberts sailed for Cairo, Egypt, where he served as one of two American experts at the International Conference of Archeologists held March 9 to 17, under the auspices of the Com- mittee for Intellectual Cooperation of the League of Nations. As his part of the agenda for the sessions, Dr. Roberts presented a paper on the subject “The Material Organization of an Archeological Mission.” This included a discussion of the choice of personnel for a field staff, the securing of equipment, the establishment of field headquarters, and the general administration of such a project. At the close of the conference he visited a number of sites in Egypt and had an opportunity to study methods of excavation and general archeological procedure as practiced in the Egyptian area. From Keypt he went to Greece, Italy, France, and England and studied collections in the museums at Athens, Naples, Rome, Paris, and London. He returned to Washington April 24.
On May 21 Dr. Roberts left Washington for Kingman, Ariz., where he and Dr. C. W. Gilmore, curator of vertebrate paleontology, United States National Museum, investigated a find of mastodon bones and man-made objects. The deposit is located near a large spring 24 miles west of Kingman. <A week’s study and excavation demonstrated that the material was a secondary deposit, washed in from surrounding slopes, and of no importance from the stand- point of the association of man and extinct mammals. Dr. Roberts left Kingman on June 2 for Denver, Colo., and Fort Collins. On June 12 he resumed excavations at the Lindenmeier site. By the
54 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
end of the fiscal year an area covering 375 square feet had been uncovered. Numerous implements and considerable additional in- formation were obtained from this work. These data serve to round out more fully the story of the customs and habits of Folsom man.
During the winter months Dr. Roberts also prepared several manuscripts on the subject of the work at the Lindenmeier site and on Southwestern archeology in general.
Upon his return from Spanish Honduras early in the fiscal year, Dr. W. D. Strong, anthropologist, spent his entire time in working over the archeological collections from the Ulua River. With the assistance of Alfred Kidder II, and Drexel A. Paul, Jr., Dr. Strong completed the report on this work which is to be published in the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections under the title “Preliminary Report on the Smithsonian Institution-Harvard University Archeo- logical Expedition to Northwestern Honduras, 1936.”
From July 1 until late October 1936, Dr. Julian H. Steward, asso- ciate anthropologist, continued his work of the previous year among Shoshonean tribes in the Great Basin and Plateau areas. He had two objectives: First, to study the ecological basis of the social and political organization of the bands of horse Shoshoni in Utah and Idaho to supplement his previous study of the foot Shoshoni of Nevada; second, to continue his ethnographic survey by means of an element list. An element list and satisfactory ecological material were procured from the following: Bannock, Fort Hall Shoshoni, Lemhi Shoshoni, and Grouse Creek (northwestern Utah) Shoshoni at Fort Hall, Idaho; Promontory Point (Great Salt Lake) Shoshoni at Washakie, Utah; Pahvant Ute (now almost extinct) at Kanosh, Utah; Gosiute (determined to be actually Shoshoni) at Skull Valley and at Deep Creek, Utah. Before returning to Washington, Dr. Steward drove to Fallon, Nev., to examine guano caves said to hold promise, but found little of interest. He returned by way of south- ern Nevada and southern Utah, making brief visits to several South- ern Paiute reservations. The remainder of the year was devoted to preparation of research material for publication, and eight manu- scripts have been completed.
The beginning of the fiscal year found J. N. B. Hewitt, ethnolo- gist, on the Tuscarora Reservation near Lewiston, N. Y., where he went to continue his researches on the League of the Five Iroquois Tribes. From Lewiston Mr. Hewitt proceeded to the Grand River Grant to the Six Nations in Ontario. Here he had the good fortune to obtain a complete Mohawk text embodying the so-called Hand- some Lake religious teaching, this document consisting of more than 5,700 Mohawk terms. Considerable additional information was ob- tained concerning the interesting dual nature of the tribal organiza-
REPORT OF THH SECRETARY 55
tion. On his return to Washington Mr. Hewitt completed the trans- lation of the Mohawk text giving details of the birth and early child- hood of Deganawida, also another Mohawk text giving an account of the dancing lads who finally became the Pleiades.
During the month of June 1937, Mr. Hewitt again left Washing- ton for Brantford, Canada, in order to check over in the field his two large manuscripts in Onondaga text, one being the Iroquois New Year Ceremony and the other consisting of the four Thanks- giving Festivals. The end of the fiscal year found Mr. Hewitt still in the field engaged in this task.
EDITORIAL WORK AND PUBLICATIONS
The editing of the publications of the Bureau was continued through the year by Stanley Searles, editor.
Bulletin 114, Fox Miscellany, by Truman Michelson, was issued during the year.
Bulletin 115, Journal of Rudolph Friederich Kurz, edited by J. N. B. Hewitt, was released for printing.
Bulletin 116, Ancient Caves of the Great Salt Lake Region, by Julian H. Steward, was released for printing.
An index of Schoolcraft’s Indian Tribes, in six volumes, has been further advanced toward completion.
Work has been done on other manuscripts in the custody of the editor.
Publications distributed totaled 14,708.
LIBRARY
Miss Miriam B. Ketchum continued in charge throughout the year as librarian.
Accessions during the fiscal year numbered 580 volumes, bringing the total number of volumes in the library to 31,115; there are also about 20,000 pamphlets and about 2,000 volumes of unbound periodi- cals and society transactions.
The number of volumes prepared and sent to bindery was 1,330.
Library of Congress cards have been obtained for practically all of the new books received during the year and for some of the older material. Al! new material is being classed in the Library of Con- gress scheme of classification and separately shelved. A partial depository set of Library of Congress catalog cards has been estab- lished and will shortly be installed in working order.
The work of refiling the catalog continues. Thirteen drawers are now finished.
22606—37—_5
56 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
A great many missing numbers have been requested and nearly all of these have been supplied, amounting in some cases to several volumes of a set. Of the exchange sets, 8 old sets which had been allowed to lapse have been reestablished, and 11 new sets have been established.
ILLUSTRATIONS
Following is a summary of the work accomplished by EK. G. Cas- sedy, illustrator :
Mine rawlings i ee NE oe 266 (CET aT ee oA ee a Dotere s 2 13 Pilates lettered or numbered] 2) ee ee eee 199 Platescassempleds Yous 2 be Le ee 64 Plates sized for engravers. 220s ee see eee 129 ANTE OV PBISY Os (0) OSS Di le a a Mak I 6 Photos retouched) 4s Se ae ee eee 51 ALO POLTA DWV!) nea She LE A Ne ee 3 VD eaiyo Sie aut Ha SS AR os) Ue eae ae 3 Meehanical draw ingsl 2226 = 22th ees ee eee #83 WEGKErINS ODS. 22 2s Ee as a ee Ee 3 MSO SSMS eee ee Ea eee nap al arlene UN Sit SNM 2a ss ® SHWiater COlOn: PAlntiN Sse 27 2 eel SM eee IRA em 1 AO cai ees ere EE PC ER 743 COLLECTIONS Accession number
140,528. Skeletal material from two sites on Canaveral Peninsula, Brevard County, Fla., collected by the Bureau in cooperation with the Fed- eral Civil Works Administration during the winter of 1933-84. (250: specimens. )
142,561. Archeological specimens and human and animal bones collected during mound excavations in Florida’ during the winter of 1933-384 in cooperation with the Federal C. W. A.
MISCELLANEOUS
During the course of the year information was furnished by members of the Bureau staff in reply to numerous inquiries concern- ing the North American Indians, both past and present, and the Mexican peoples of the prehistoric and early historic periods. Vari- ous specimens sent to the Bureau were identified and data on them. furnished for their owners. |
Personnel.—Miss Helen Heber eh junior stenographer, oe
March 16,°1937. Miss Ethelwyn E. Carter was appointed May 1 1937, to fill the vacancy.
Recpettiully submitted. M. W. Srieuine, Chief. Dr. C. G. Axsgor, <5 im
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 5 | REPORT ON THE INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE SERVICE
_ Sir: L have the honor to submit the following report on the activ- ities of the International Exchange Service during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937: aa
For that year the congressional appropriation was $44,260. Some years ago, in order to supplement the amounts granted by Congress, which have never been sufficient to meet the entire expenses of the Exchange Service, the Board of Regents of the Institution gave au- thority to charge governmental establishments 5 cents a pound for forwarding their publications abroad through exchange channels. The collections from that source during the year were $3,871. a making the total resources available $48,131.49.
The number of packages handled during 1937 was 657. 346, ari increase of 60,395. The weight was 651,461 pounds, an increase of 32,672 pounds.
-. The following table gives the somber and weight of apa sent -and received through the Exchange Service separated into three classes: Parliamentary documents, departmental documents,,.and scientific and literary publications. ;
Packages aren Weight . Sent | Received] Sent ..| Received - on | se Pounds_|. Pounds United States parliamentary documents sent abroad .. 2:2) 303, (OS eS ETA 4 SON [fis eke ale oe Publications received in return for parliamentary documents-_- Mecha eee 9.633 |_-2: 2. epe 29, 316 United States departmental documents sent abroad ___---_-___- 122, 261 |----------| 128, 286 pases Publications received in return for departmental documents ___-|2:2_---.-_ (229 O10 5) eee ass | 32, 624 Scientific and literary publications sent abroad____-___-____,_-- 160, 631 Eames ans 239, 402. Speers aacco Scientific and literary publications received from abroad for |.’ ; ,
distribution in the United States... -.__, semaine mapeaeean2s|-cnmeeceeelyer PAN iOl ects suzeny f{h}2, 304 FIC 0 Gey] ere ec Reem se Le Seu u eM sd eR a Re er O46 71, 400 477,127 174, 334 = ye di 7 irae Ryan
(CETTE 0 Lal ete ade see anette GI eal eS AMR ead ela UR OBA Gea ~ 2 (651464
The number of boxes shipped abroad was 2,620, an increasé of 145 over the preceding year. Of these boxes, 540 were for depositories of full sets of United States governmental documents, and thé re- mainder (2,080) were for distribution to miscellaneous establish- ments and individuals. In addition to the packages forwarded in these boxes there were transmitted by. mail 87,296, an. increase.of 16: 397 over last year.
Lrigy ‘ 2 2 © hry Lies nies ne AeA We
5
58 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
BRUSSELS EXCHANGE CONVENTIONS
In 1886, some years after the organization of the Smithsonian system of exchanges, there were concluded at Brussels between the United States and a number of other countries two exchange conven- tions. The first, Convention A (Stat., X XV, 1465), provided for the international exchange of official documents and scientific and literary publications; and the second, Convention B (Stat., X XV, 1469), pro- vided for the immediate exchange of the official journal. The Smith- sonian. Institution was charged by the Congress with the duty of carrying out the provisions of those conventions on the part of the United States (Stat., XIV, 573—Congressional Resolution approved Mar. 2, 1867, setting aside 50 copies of all governmental documents for seiicmas purposes; Stat., XXXI, 1464—Congressional Resolu- tion approved Mar. 2, 1901, increasing the number of documents for exchange to not exceeding 100 copies; Stat., XLITI, 1106—Printing Act approved Mar. 2, 1901, further increasing the number to 125 copies; and Stat., XX XV, 1169—Congressional Resolution approved Mar. 4, 1909, setting aside copies of the Congressional Record for exchange with foreign parliamentary bodies).
Kight countries signed the first convention, namely the United States, Belgium, Brazil, Italy, Portugal; Serbia (now Yugoslavia); Spain, and Switzerland. The second convention was signed by all of those countries except Switzerland. Since the ratification of the Brussels Conventions the following countries have signified their adherence thereto in the order in which they are listed: Uruguay—both conventions, 1889.
. Argentine Republic—convention A, 1889.
. Paraguay— convention A, 1889.
. Czechoslovakia—both conventions, 1919. Poland—convention A, 1920; convention B, 1921. . Rumania—both conventions, 1923.
. Hungary—both conventions, 1923.
. Dominican Republic—both conventions, 1923. . Latvia-—both conventions, 1924.
10. Free City of Danzig—both conventions, 1924. 11. China—both conventions, 1925.
12. Egypt—convention A, 1925,
CHONAKL wD
Although not all countries joined the exchange conventions, most: of those not listed above have entered into exchange relations with the United States and have established Siete bureaus to conduct the work.
FOREIGN DEPOSITORIES OF GOVERNMENTAL DOCUMENTS There are forwarded to foreign depositories 111 sets of United
States official publications, 61 of these being full sets and 50 partial sets. The depository of the full set forwarded to Peru has been
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 59
changed from the Biblioteca Nacional to the Seccién de Propaganda y Publicaciones, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Lima.
DEPOSITORIES OF FULL SETS
ARGENTINA: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Buenos Aires. Buenos Ares: Biblioteca de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata. (Depository of the Province of Buenos Aires.) AusTRALIA: Library of the Commonwealth Parliament, Canberra. New SourH WaLEs: Public Library of New South Wales, Sydney. QUEENSLAND: Parliamentary Library, Brisbane. SourH AUSTRALIA: Parliamentary Library, Adelaide. TASMANIA: Parliamentary Library, Hobart. VicrorIa: Public Library of Victoria, Melbourne. WEsTERN AUSTRALIA: Public Library of Western Australia, Perth. Austria: National Bibliothek, Wien I. BrELGIuM: Bibliothéque Royale, Bruxelies. Brazit: Bibliotheca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. CanapA: Library of Parliament, Ottawa. MAanrtopa: Provincial Library, Winnipeg. Ontario: Legislative Library, Toronto. QuEBEC: Library of the Legislature of the Province of Quebec. CHILE: Biblioteca del Congreso, Santiago. Cura: National Central Library, Nanking. CoLomeBiA: Biblioteca Nacional, Bogota. Costa Rica: Oficina de Depésito y Canje Internacional de Publicaciones, San José. Cusa: Secretaria de Estado (Asuntos Generales y Canje Internacional), Habana. CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Bibliothéque de l’Assemblée Nationale, Prague. DENMARK: Kongelige Bibliotheket, Copenhagen. Ecypt: Bureau des Publications, Ministére des Finances, Cairo. HstToniA: Riigiraamatukogu (State Library), Tallinn. FRANCE: Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. GERMANY: Reichstauschstelle im Reichsministerium des Innern, Berlin C 2. BavEN: Universitits-Bibliothek, Freiburg. (Depository of the State of Baden.) Bavaria: Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Mtinchen. Prussia: Preussische Staatsbibliothek, Berlin, N. W. T. Saxony: Sichsische Landesbibliothek, Dresden—N. 6. WourrtTEemMBurG: Landesbibliothek, Stuttgart. GREAT BRITAIN: ENGLAND: British Museum, London. Guaseow: City Librarian, Mitchell Library, Glasgow. Lonpon: London School of Economics and Political Science. (Depository of the London County Council. ) Huneary: A Magyar orsziggyiilés kényvtaré, Budapest. Inp1A: Imperial Library, Calcutta. TRISH FREE Strate: National Library of Ireland, Dublin. Iraty: Ministero dell’Hducazione Nazionale, Rome. JAPAN: Imperial Library of Japan, Tokyo. Latvia: Bibliothéque d’Etat, Riga. LEAGUE OF NATIONS: Library of the League of Nations, Geneva, Switzerland.
60. ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
MEXICO >. Biblioteca, Nacional, Mexico, D. F. 2) NETHERLANDS: Royal Library, The Hague.
New ZEALAND: General Assembly Library, Wellington. NorTHERN IRELAND: H. M. Stationery Office, Belfast.
Norway: Universitets-Bibliothek, Oslo. (Depository of the Government of Norway.) ie bcepeee PERU : Seccion de Propaganda y Publicaciones, Ministerio de Relaciones
‘Exteri ior es, Lima. PoLtanp: Bibliotheque Nationale, Warsaw. PortuGaL: Bibliotheca Nacional, Lisbon. Rumania: Academia Romana, Bucharest. z Sparn: Servicio de Cambio Internacional, de Publicaciones, . Paseo ae Recnleres 20, Madrid. Swepen : Kungliga Biblioteket, Sindttholtn: SwiITzZERLAND: Bibliotheque Centrale Fédérale, Berne. TURKEY: Ministére de l’Instruction Publique, Ankara. Unton or SourH Arrica: State Library, Pretoria, Transvaal. UNIoNn or Sovier Soctarist REPUBLICS: State Central Book Chamber,- “Moscow 4; UKratne: All-Ukrainian Association for Cultural Relations with Foreign. Countries, Kiev. Uruguay: Oficina de Canje Internacional de Publicaciones, Montevideo. VENEZUELA: Biblioteca Nacional, Caracas. YUGOSLAVIA: Ministére de l’Education, Belgrade.
DEPOSITORIES OF PARTIAL SETS
AFGHANISTAN: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Publications Department, Kabul. AUSTRIA : Vienna : Magistrat der Stadt Wien, Abteilung 51- Statistik. Borivta: Biblioteca del H. Congreso Nacional, La Paz. ‘BRAZIL: Mina4s GrrAres: Directoria Geral de Hstatistica em Minas, Bello Horizonte. Rio DE JANEIRO: Bibliotheca da Assemblea Legislativa do Hstado, Nictheroy. BRITISH GUIANA: Government Secretary’s Office, Georgetown, Demerara, BULGARIA: Ministére des Affaires Etrangéres, Sofia. CANADA: “ALBERTA: Provincial Librar y, Edmonton. “BRITISH COLUMBIA: Provincial Library, Victoria. NEw Brunswick: Legislative Library, Fredericton. Nova ScotrA: Provincial Secretary of Nova Scotia, Halifax. Prince Epwarp Istanp: Legislative Library, Charlottetown. SASKATCHEWAN: Government Library, Regina. CEYLON: Chief Secretary’s Office (Record Department of the Library), Colombo. CuinA: National Library, Peiping. Danzic: Stadtbibliothek, Danzig. Dominican Repustic: Biblioteca del Senado, Ciudad Trujillo. Ecvapor: Biblioteca Nacional, Quito. FINLAND: Parliamentary Library, .Helsingfors. GERMANY:
BreMEN: Senatskommission fiir Reichs- und Auswiirtige Angelegenheiten.
HAmeBoure: Staats-und Universitits-Bibliothek.
Hesse: Universitits-Bibliothek, Giessen.
Liipeck: President of the Senate.
"THURINGIA : Rothenberg-Bibliothek, Landesuniversitit, Jena.. Greece: Libr ary of Parliament, Athens.
“ REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. . 61
‘GUATEMALA: Biblicteca Nacional, Guatemala. i a Harri: Secrétaire d’Etat des Relations Extérieures, Port-au-Prince. Honpuras: Biblioteca y Archivo Nacionales, Tegucigalpa. IckeLANnp: National Library, Reykjavik. INDIA: . Assam: General and Judicial Department, Shillong. BENGAL: Secretary, Bengal Legislative Council Department, Council House, Caleutta. BrHaR and Orissa: Revenue Department, Patna. Bomeay: Undersecretary to the Government of Bombay, General Depart- ment, Bombay. < Burma: Secretary to the Government of Burma, Education Rep tMeny Rangoon. CENTRAL PROVINCES: General Administration Department, Net. Mapras: Chief Secretary to the Government of Madras, Public Depart- ment, Madras. PunsaB: Chief Secretary to the Government of the Punjab, Lahore. UNITED PROVINCES OF AGRA AND OUDH: University of Allahabad, STE MONG, JAMAICA: Colonial Secretary, Kingston. LiperiA: Department of State, Monrovia. LrTHUANIA: Ministére des Affaires Etrangéres, Kaunas (Kovno). Marra: Minister for the Treasury, Valletta. NEWFOUNDLAND: Department of Home Affairs, St. John’s. Nicaragua: Superintendente de Archivos Nacionales, Managua. PANAMA: Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores, Panama. Paraguay: Seeretario de la Presidencia de la Republica, Asuncidén. Satvapor: Ministerio de Relaciones Hxteriores, San Salvador. Sram: Department of Foreign Affairs, Bangkok. STRAITS SETTLEMENTS: Colonial Secretary, Singapore. Vatican City: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City, Italy.
INTERPARLIAMENTARY EXCHANGE OF THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL
The forwarding of copies of the Congressional Record and the Federal Register to the Bibliothek des Preussischen Landtags, Berlin, has been discontinued as the Landtag has been abolished. The fol- lowing have been added to the list of those receiving the Congres- sional Record and the Federal Register: Staatskanzlei des Kantons Berne, Staatskanzlei des Kantons St. Gallen, Staatskanzlei des Kan- tons Schaffhausen, and Staatskanzlei des Kantons Zirich. The total number of copies of these documents now forwarded abroad is 105. A complete list of the depositories is given below:
DEPOSITORIES OF CONGRESSIONAL RECORD
ALBANIA: Ministrija Mibretnore e Punéyeté Jashtme, Tirana. ARGENTINA : Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional, Buenos Aires. Camara de Diputados, Oficina de Informacion Parlamentaria, Buenos Aires. AUSTRALIA : Library of the Commonwealth Parliament, Canberra. New SoutH WaAtEsS: Library of Parliament of New South Wales, Sydney. QUEENSLAND: Chief Secretary’s Office, Brisbane. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Library of Parliament of Western Australia, Perth.
62 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Austria: Bibliothek des Hauses der Bundesgesetzgebung, Wien I. Berrerum: Bibliothéque de la chambre des Représentants, Bruxelles. Bottvia: Biblioteca del H. Congreso Nacional, La Paz. BRAZIL: Bibliotheca do Congresso Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. Amazonas: Archivo, Bibliotheca e Imprensa Publica, Manaos. BautaA: Governador do Estado da Bahia, Sio Salvador. Bspirtro Santo: Presidencia do Estado do Espirito Santo, Victoria. Rio GRANDE DO Sur: “A Federagao”, Porto Alegre. Sercire: Bibliotheca Publica do Estado de Sergipe, Aracajt. SAo Pauto: Diario Official do Estado de Sio Paulo, Sao Paulo. BritisH Honpuras: Colonial Secretary, Belize. CANADA: Library of Parliament, Ottawa. Clerk of the Senate, Houses of Parliament, Ottawa. CuiInA: National Central Library, Nanking. Cusa: Biblioteca del Capitolio, Habana. CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Bibliothéque de l’Assemblée Nationale, Prague. Danzic: Stadtbibliothek, Danzig. DENMARK: Rigsdagens Bureau, Copenhagen. DoMINICAN REPUBLIC: Biblioteca del Senado, Ciudad Trujillo. DutcH Hast Inpies: Volksraad von Nederlandsch-Indié, Batavia, Java. Ecyret: Bureau des Publications, Ministére des Finances, Cairo. Estonia: Riigiraamatukogu (State Library), Tallinn. FRANCE: Chambre des Députés, Service de l’Information Parlementaire Htrangére, Paris. Bibliothéque du Sénat, au Palais du Luxembourg, Paris. Bibliotheque, Direction des Accords commerciaux, Ministére du Commerce, Paris. GERMANY: Deutsche Reichstags-Bibliothek, Berlin, N. W. 7. Reichsfinanzministerium, Berlin, W. 8. ANHALT: Anhaltische Landesbiicherei, Dessau. BRAUNSCHWEIG: Bibliothek des Braunschweigischen Staatsministeriums, Braunschweig. MECKLENBURG: Staatsministerium, Schwerin. OLDENBURG: Oldenburgisches Staatsministerium, Oldenburg i. O. ScHaumBuKG-Lippe: Schaumburg-Lippische Landesregierung, Bticheburg. GIBRALTAR: Gibraltar Garrison Library Committee, Gibraltar. GREAT BriTain: Library of the Foreign Office, London. GREECE: Library of Parliament, Athens. GUATEMALA: Biblioteca de la Asamblea Legislativa, Guatemala. HonpurAs: Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional, Tegucigalpa. Huneary: A Magyar orszaggyiilés kényvtara, Budapest. InprA: Legislative Department, Simla. IRAN: Library of the Iranian Parliament, Téhéran. IRAQ: Chamber of Deputies, Baghdad. InisH FREE STATE: Dail Eireann, Dublin. ITALY: Biblioteca della Camera dei Deputati, Rome. Biblioteca del Senato del Regno, Rome. Ufficio degli Studi Legislativi, Senato del Regno, Rome. LAtviA: Valsts Biblioteka, Riga.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 63
LEeaGuEe or Nations: Library of the League of Nations, Geneva, Switzerland. LIBERIA: Department of State, Monrovia. Mexico: Secretaria de la Camara de Diputados, Mexico, D. F. AGUASCALIENTES: Gobernador del Estado de Aguascalientes, Aguascaiientes. CAMPECHE: Gobernador del Estado de Campeche, Campeche. CHIAPAS; Gobernador del Estado de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez. CHIHUAHUA: Gobernador del Estado de Chihuahua, Chihuahua. CoaHuImA: Periédico Oficial del Estado de Coahuila, Palacio de Gobierno, Saltillo. Corima: Gobernador del Estado de Colima, Colima. DuRANGO: Gobernador Constitucional del Estado de Durango, Durango. GUANAJUATO: Secretaria General de Gobierno del Hstado, Guanajuato. GUERRERO: Gobernador del Estado de Guerrero, Chilpancingo. JALISCO: Biblioteca del Estado, Guadalajara. LOWER CALIFORNIA: Gobernador del Distrito Norte, Mexicali, B. C., Mexico. Mexico: Gaceta del Gobierno, Toluca, Mexico. MicHoAcAn: Secretaria General de Gobierno del Hstado de Michoacan, Morelia. MorELos: Palacio de Gobierno, Cuernavaca. NAyYARIT: Gobernador de Nayarit, Tepic. Nuvo LEON: Biblioteca del Estado, Monterey. OAXACA: Periddico Oficial, Palacio de Gobierno, Oaxaca. Pussia: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Puebla. QUERETARO: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Secci6n de Archivo, Queretaro. SAN Luis Poresi: Congreso del Estado, San Luis Potosi. SrnALoA: Gobernador del Mstado de Sinaloa, Culiacan. Sonora: Gobernador del Estado de Sonora, Hermosillo. Tapasco: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Seccién 8a, Ramo de Prensa, Villahermosa. TAMAULIPAS: Secretaria General de Gobierno, Victoria. TLAXCALA: Secretaria de Gobierno del Estado, Tlaxcala. Vera Cruz: Gobernador del Estado de Vera Cruz, Departamento de Gober- nacion y Justicia, Jalapa. YucaTAn: Gobernador del Estado de Yucatén, Mérida, Yucatan. NEw ZEALAND: General Assembly Library, Wellington. Norway: Storthingets, Bibliothek, Oslo. Prru: Camara de Diputados, Lima. POLAND: Bibljoteka Narodowa, Warsaw. PoRTUGAL: Secretario da Assemblea Nacional, Lisboa. RUMANIA; Bibliothéque de la Chambre des Députés, Bucharest. Ministére des Affaires Eitrangéres, Bucharest. SPAIN: Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional, Madrid. Catalunya: Biblioteca del Parlament de Catalunya, Barcelona. SWITZERLAND: Bibliothéque de Assemblée Fédérale Suisse, Berne. Berne: Staatskanzlei des Kantons Berne. St. Gallen: Staatskanzlei des Kantons St. Gallen. Schaffhausen: Staatskanzlei des Kantons Schaffhausen. Zurich: Staatskanzlei des Kantons Zitirich. SYRIA: Ministére des Finances de la République Libanaise, Service du Matériel, Beirut. Governor of the State of Alaouites, Lattaquié.
64 ANNUAL REPORT. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
TuRKEY: Turkish Grand National Assembly, Ankara. UNION oF SouTH AFRICA: Library of Parliament, Cape Town, Cape of Good Hope. State Library, Pretoria, Transvaal. Urnucuay: Diario Oficial, Calle Florida 1178, Montevideo. VENEZUELA: Biblioteca del Congreso, Caracas. Vatican Crry: Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vatican City, Italy.
FOREIGN EXCHANGE AGENCIES
The work of the Peruvian Exchange Agency has been transferred from the Biblioteca Nacional to the Seccién de Propaganda y Pub- licaciones, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Lima.
LIST OF EXCHANGE AGENCIES
ALGERIA, Via France.
ANGOLA, via Portugal.
ARGENTINA: Comisi6n Protectora de Bibliotccas Populares, Gani Internacional, Calle Callao 1540, Buenos Aires.
AUSTRIA: Internationale Austauschstelle, National-Bibliothek, Wien, I.
AZORES, via Portugal.
BrtciumM: Service Belge des Echanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque Royale *de Belgique, Bruxelles.
Borivia: Oficina Nacional de Estadistica, La Paz.
Brazit: Servico de Permutacdes Internacienaes, Bibliotheca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro.
British Guiana: Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society, Georgetown:
BRITISH Honpuras: Colonial Secretary, Belize.
ButeariA: Institutions Scientifiques de S. M. de Roi de Bulgarie, Sofia.
CANADA: Sent by mail.
CANARY ISLANDS, via Spain.
CHILE: Servicio de Canjes Internacionales, Biblioteca Nacional, Santiago.
CHINA: Bureau of International Exchange, National:-Central Library, Nanking.
CotompBiA: Oficina de Canjes Internacionales y Reparto, Biblicteca Nacional; Bogota. ;
Costa Rica: Oficina de Depdésito José.
Cusa: Sent by mail.
CZECHOSLOVAKIA: Service Tchécoslovague des changes Internationaux, Biblio- théque de l’Assemblée Nationale, Prague 1-79.
Danzic: Amt fiir den Internaticnaien Schrifienavstausch der Freien eiadt Danzig, Stadtbibliothek, Danzig.
DENMARK: Service Danois des Echanges Internationaux, Kongelige inane Videnskabernes Selskab, Copenhagen V.
DutTcH GUIANA: Surinaamsche Koloniale Bibliotheek, Paramaribo.
Ecuapor: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Quito.
Heyer: Government Press, Publications Office, Bulag, Cairo.
Hstonia: Riigiraamatukogu (State Library), Tallinn.
FINLAND: Delegation of the Scientific Societies of Finland, Kasiirngatan 24, Helsingfors. FRANCE: Service Francais des Echanges TInternationaux, 110 Rue de Grenelle,.
Paris.
y Canje Internacional de Publicaciones, San
“REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 9 65
GrerRMANY: Amerika-Institut, Universitatstrasse 8, Berlin, N. W. 7. 3 HW RLUE GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND: Wheldon & Wesley, 2-4 Harnshaw St., New Oxford St., London, W. C. 2.
GREECE: Bibliothéque Nationale, Athens.
GREENLAND, via Denmark.
GUATEMALA: Instituto Nacional de Varones, omaremel la.
Hair: Secrétaire d’Etat des Relations Extérieures, Port-au-Prince.
Honpuras: Biblioteca Nacional, Tegucigalpa.
Huneary: Hungarian Libraries Board, Ferenciektere 5, Budapest, IV.
IGELAND, via Denmark. —
InpIA: Superintendent of Government Printing and Stationery, Bombay.
ITaty: R. Ufficio degli Scambi Internazionaii, Ministero dell’ Educazione Nazionale, Rome.
Jamaroa: Institute of Jamaica, Kingston.
JAPAN: Imperial Library of Japan, Uyeno Park, Tokyo.
JAvA, via Netherlands.
Latvia: Service des Wechanges: Internationaux, Bibliothéque d’Htat de Lettonie, Riga.
LisrriA: Bureau of Exchanges, Department of State, Monrovia.
LITHUANIA: Sent by mail.
LOURENCO MARQUEZ, via Portugal.
LUXEMBOURG, via Belgium.
MADAGASCAR, via France.
Maprrra, via Portugal.
Mexico: Sent by mail.
MozAMBriQusH, via Portugal.
NETHERLANDS: International Exchange Bureau of the Netherlands, Royal Library, The Hague.
New SourH WALES: Public Library of New South Wales, Sydney.
New ZEALAND: General Assembly Library, Wellington.
NICARAGUA: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Managua.
Norway: Service Norvégien des Echanges Iaternationaux, Bibliotheque de l’Université Royale, Oslo.
PALESTINE: Hebrew University Library, Jerusalem.
PANAMA: Sent by mail.
Paraguay: Secci6n Canje Internacional de Publicaciones del Ministerio de Rejaciones Exteriores, Asuncion.
Peru: Seccién de Propaganda y Publicaciones, Ministerio de Relaciones Hx- teriores, Lima.
PoLAND: Service Polonais des Hchanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque Nationale, Warsaw.
PorruGaL: Seccaio de Trocas Internacionaes, Bibliotheca Nacional, Lisboa.
QUEENSLAND: Bureau of Exchanges of International Publications, Chief Secre- tary’s Office, Brisbane.
RuMANIA: Bureau des Echanges Internationaux, Institut Météorologique Central, Bucharest.
Satvapor: Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, San Salvador.
Stam: Department of Foreign Affairs, Bangkok.
Sourn AvustTratia: South Australian Government Exchanges Bureau, Govern- ment Printing and Stationery Office, Adelaide.
Spatn: Servicio de Cambio Internacional de Publicaciones, Paseo de Recoletos 20, bajo derecha, Madrid.
66 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
SUMATRA, via Netherlands.
SweEpen : Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademien, Stockholm.
SwITzeRLAND: Service Suisse des Echanges Internationaux, Bibliothéque Cen- trale Fédérale, Berne.
Syria: American University of Beirut.
TASMANIA: Secretary to the Premier, Hobart.
TRINIDAD: Royal Victoria Institute of Trinidad and Tobago, Port-of-Spain.
TUNIS: via France.
TURKEY: Robert College, Istanbul.
Union or SoutH Arrica: Government Printing and Stationery Office, Cape Town, Cape of Good Hope.
Union oF Sovier Soctatist RePpuBLIcS: Library of the Academy of Sciences of the U. S. S. R., Exchange Service, Leningrad, V. O.
Urucuay: Oficina de Canje Internacional de Publicaciones, Ministerio de Rela- ciones Exteriores, Montevideo.
VENEZUELA: Biblioteca Nacional, Caracas.
VictoriIA: Public Library of Victoria, Melbourne.
WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Public Library of Western Australia, Perth.
Yucostavia: Section des Echanges Internationaux, Ministére des Affaires
Etrangéres, Belgrade. Respectfully submitted. C. W. SHoemaxer, Chief Clerk.
Dr. C. G. Axzor, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 6 REPORT ON THE NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the opera- tions of the National Zoological Park for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937:
The regular appropriation made by Congress for the maintenance. of the Park was $225,000, all of which was expended.
IMPROVEMENTS
The fiscal year 1937 was probably the most outstanding in the history of the Zoo. The construction under the Public Works Ad- ministration grant of $892,920 was completed. These improvements include a brick exhibition building for small mammals and great apes; a stone exhibition building to house large mammals; a new wing to the bird house; a two-story building for machine and car- penter shops; a stone garage; the installation of three 250-horse- power down-draft boilers in the central heating plant; an extension of the conduit system to the small mammal house and large mammal house; and rearrangement of the electric supply distribution sys- tem, a portion of which was put underground.
The small mammal and great ape house was completed and opened to the public in May 1937. It is approximately 185 by 115 feet and contains 96 cages and tanks varying in size from 18 by 12 by 26 inches to 12 by 40 by 10 feet, which provide accommodations for a considerable variety of animals. The building consists of four sec- tions: A large central room with cages in the center and around the sides, some with glass fronts and others with steel bars; a wing for the great apes with a glass partition between the animals and the public; a third room for the gibbons, which are likewise partitioned from the public by glass; and a fourth room, semicircular in form, which is termed the nocturnal room and is designed to house an array of small creatures that are rarely shown in collections. The build- ing is fairly easy to keep clean, and the system of forced ventilation eliminates practically all the odor.
The contract work on the large mammal house was completed in June 1937, but considerable still remains to be done before it is ready for occupancy. This work is being carried on by the Zoo’s regular personnel which it is hoped will be augmented by assistance from
67
68 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
W. P. A. It is anticipated that the building will be occupied by animals late in the summer of 1937.
The structure is about 227 by 90 feet and is designed to accommodate elephants, rhinos, hippos, pigmy hippos, tapirs, and giraffes, for which it has 13 inside cages ranging in size from 12 by 19 feet to 22 by 58 feet. Several of the inside cages have pools, and each cage connects with an outside yard in which the animals are re- tained by dry moats in lieu of fences. The design of the building is simple, well proportioned, and beautiful. The public space is 30 by 165 feet, and the sound-deadening effect of the acoustical tile on the ceiling produces a highly satisfactory condition. The walls of the cages for the hippo, African and Indian elephants, and giraffe have been painted with appropriate backgrounds by artists of the oe art relief project.
The addition to the bird house, 43 by 133 feet, was completed in November 1936. This wing contains 27 glass- ronal cages, one of which has insulated walls and a glass top and is provided with a re- frigeration system which makes it a well-lighted cold storage room. This was stocked with penguins, which are thriving in the uniform temperature of 63° F. The backs of a number of the cages, including that of the penguin room, have been decorated with scenes representing various geographical regions, which greatly enhances the attrac- tiveness of the exhibits. The art work was done by the Treasury art relief project.
The installation of new boilers in the central heating plant was
completed late in the summer of 1936, and the plant was used during the winter of 1936-7. _ The mechanical shop building is of stone, 51 by 100 feet, 2 stories; the lower story accommodates a stockroom and iron and machine work, and the upper story is mainly for carpentry work. The im- proved facilities provided by this have permitted much greater effi- ciency of operations in the maintenance of the Park than had been possible heretofore.
The stone garage, 56 by 64 feet, was built near the boiler room and completed late in the summer of 1936. }
From July 1, 1986, until January 27, 1937, a small and diminishing group of W. P. A. laborers was available for miscellaneous work about the Park. With this labor a variety of work was accomplished, including repairing and resurfacing some roads and walks. A trench 600 feet long was dug for the laine of electric conduit from the bird house to the ne ge mammal house. ‘Trenches also were dug. for the laying of Shon 600 feet of sanitary sewers and drains. More than 400 cubic yards of sand was hauled from the creek bed, cleaned and screened for use in concrete work. Miscellaneous Satine was
Secretary's Report, 1937.—Appendix 6 PLATE 3
1. LARGE MAMMAL HOUSE AS SEEN FROM THE WEST. ELEPHANT YARD AND POOL IN FOREGROUND, AND GIRAFFE YARD AT LEFT.
SNe ESTEE
2. INTERIOR OF LARGE MAMMAL HOUSE LOOKING TOWARD HIPPO POOL.
PLATE 4
Secretary's Report, 1937.—Appendix 6
:
<
HIPPO IN POOL IN LARGE MAMMAL HOUSE
1
REFRIGERATED PENGUIN CAGE IN BIRD HOUSE.
2
Secretary's Report, 1937.—Appendix 6 PLATE 5
1. EXTERIOR OF NEW ADDITION TO BIRD HOUSE.
2. INTERIOR OF NEW ADDITION TO BIRD HOUSE.
Secretary’s Report, 1937.—Appendix 6 PLATE 6
1. SMALL MAMMAL HOUSE AS SEEN FROM THE ROAD.
2. INTERIOR OF NOCTURNAL ROOM OF SMALL MAMMAL. HOUSE.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 69
done about the Park. General improvement work about the grounds, including seeding, sodding, and planting of trees and shrubs, was carried on as well as the continuance of eradication of poison ivy in the sections of the Park most used by the public.
Normal maintenance operations of the Park required all the mate- rials and personnel that could be supplied under the regular appro- priation, so almost no improvements were made under the regular funds. Indeed, a great deal of finishing up work remains to be done around the newly constructed buildings or in them but is progressing very slowly because of lack of manpower and materials.
A bookbinder assigned to the Smithsonian Institution by the W.. P. A. has bound, rebound, or repaired a considerable number of publications in the Zoo branch of the Smithsonian Institution library, resulting in a great improvement in the condition and use- fulness of the library.
The work of classifying and arranging in their proper places in the library various publications of use in the Zoo has progressed very satisfactorily through the arrangement whereby a member of the Smithsonian Institution’s regular library force comes to the Zoo once a week and carries out this type of work.
EXPEDITION
The National Geographic Society-Smithsonian Institution East Indies Expedition, which is financed by the National Geographic Society to obtain animals for this Zoo, left Washington in two sec- tions. Dr. William M. Mann, Director of the Park, Mrs. Mann, and Dr. Maynard Owen Williams, chief of the foreign editorial staff of the National Geographic, left Washington January 12 and sailed from Vancouver, B. C., January 19 on the Hmpress of Asia for south- ern Asiatic points. On February 9, Roy Jennier, assistant head keeper, and Malcolm Davis, keeper, in the National Zoological Park, left Washington with 28 animals (2 black bears, 2 pumas, 2 jaguars, 4 raccoons, 3 opossums, 10 alligators, and 5 hellbenders), sailed from New York February 11 on the steamer 7Z’alisse and arrived at Bel- awan-Deli, Sumatra, March 22, 1937, where Dr. Mann had previously landed and had established headquarters for the expedition. The American animals were intended for zoos in the Far East. At the close of this fiscal year the expedition is still in the field, and it will not return to Washington until late in September or October 1937. Information as to the animal collection being assembled indicates a satisfactory trip.
NEEDS OF THE ZOO
The remaining two most important structural needs of the Zoo are a new antelope building and a new restaurant building.
70 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
The old frame structure now called the antelope house accom- modates animals of a higher total value than any other single struc- ture now occupied in the Park. It is an unhealthful type of struc- ture, a dangerous fire hazard, is difficult to heat and expensive to maintain. A new building adapted for the magnificent and re- markable group of rather delicate even-toed hoofed creatures is much needed.
The old frame shelter now housing the restaurant and concession stand is badly deteriorated and entirely inadequate to accommodate the large volume of business that has developed with the increasing attendance at the Zoo. The construction of a suitable building would be a self-liquidating undertaking, as the annual revenue de- rived from the restaurant concession has been $6,012 per annum for the past 3 years, and for the forthcoming 3 years will be $9,012 per annum.
There is also need for some additional walks and roads that we hope may be constructed with the aid of the W. P. A.
VISITORS FOR THE YEAR
CLOT yeaa me iS DAB OO) | Nalone wie. 95, 000 PANU SUS tes et SOME 829 400) Mia cya oe a ee eG OO, Sepa cera ere ae RA at at DES ya OOD Hh ANCONA a 239, 700 Octo Merges ules Mera eee 1645400)) May. 2224 we 318, 350 IN|OwSiaal Nee 153, 450 | June ighic ube es cl ania 265, 600 IDexeerenaysie a 2) Sil, Dao ——_—- Vana y eee else S Sh 45 (0) Mo Cel ea Be Aen aN Ee 2, 485, 520
The attendance of organizations, mainly classes of students, of which there is definite record was 34,120 from 688 different schools in 20 States and the District of Columbia, as follows:
Number | Number Number | Number State of of State of of
persons parties persons | parties INI of 300} apes ena ee 20 1 || North Carolina_-____.--__---- 1, 262 37 @onnecticut= =a aaae eee 109 2 DKS ee eee gaya he gS ee 34 26 Delaware_-.------- oeereadease 486 10 |} Pennsylvania__..___-----_---- 8, 552 167 District of Columbia___------ 6, 638 132 |} Rhode Island___--__---_.___-- 40 1 Georgi ae eee 363 11 |} South Carolina 234 7 Maine ee 107 2 || Tennessee___--___-- 16 1 Maryland_-_------ 4, 659 Com Arenal sees ea ee 4,870 85 Massachusetts__-- 337 9 || West Virginia_~._..--_--__-=- 452 10 IMM ee I ee ee 86 2 || Conventions—Members of IMUSSOUTINR nee 46 1 various States_____________- 140 2 New Hampshire__-_---------- 72 1 | eee ING Wwidlersey2enue en 228 2, 519 32 Notal Aaya eesrloa WE 34, 120 638 NIG WAX OF Kens ee a ed 2,178 24
About 3 o’clock every afternoon, except Sundays and holidays, a census is made of the cars parked on the Zoo grounds. During the year 32,668 were so listed, representing every State in the Union, Canada, Mexico, Canal Zone, Alaska, and Cuba. Since the total
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY | val
number is merely a record of those actually parked at one time, it is not of value as indicating a total attendance but is of impor- tance as showing the percentage attendance by States, Territories, and countries. The District of Columbia comprised slightly over 48 percent; Maryland, 21 percent; Virginia, 14 percent; and the remaining cars were from other States, Territories, and countries. During years in which counts have been made on Sunday as well as during the week it has been found that the percentage of cars from the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia is less, and the percentage of the more distant States is correspondingly in- creased. This is brought about by tourists coming to the Zoo on Sundays when other points of interest are closed to them.
_ The nineteenth annual meeting of the American Society of Mam- malogists was held in Washington May 4 to 8, inclusive. Their program included a trip to the Zoo on May 8, where luncheon was served in the large mammal house. The small mammal house was first opened to the public as this organization entered it.
ACCESSIONS
Gifts.—Many specimens were received as gifts this year. Inter- esting additions were a pair each of cheer pheasants and white- crested kaleege from Dr. J. Delacour, Cleres, France; a pair of blue- crowned hanging paroquets and a tui paroquet from Alan N. Steyne, Washington, D. C., and a male Kaibab squirrel from the United States Forest Service.
We take this opportunity to express appreciation for the assist- ance and cooperation of the personnel of the United States Biological Survey, National Park Service, and Forest Service, and Vernon Bailey, of Washington, D. C., Theodore Scheffer, of Puyallup, Wash., Alex Walker, of Tillamook, Oreg., and John M. Davis, of Arlington, Va., for gifts of American small mammals for stocking the small mammal house when it was opened. More than 150 small mam- mals were received through them from localities ranging from Georgia to Washington and Oregon.
When the small mammal and great ape house was completed, the Director of the Park was on an extended trip to the southern Asiatic region to assemble a collection for the Zoo, so it was not advisable, even if it had been financially possible, to stock this building with exotic animals. Arrangements were accordinely made for plac- ing on exhibition a collection of American small mammals. It was probably the largest and best collection of its kind ever assembled, and has attracted much favorable attention. It is particularly valuable in showing the considerable diversity of forms common to North America and which are frequently overlooked: or ignored.
22606—37——6
72. ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Also, it is of value because it has given visitors an opportunity to study rather closely animals that are of great economic importance either because of their beneficial or destructive habits or their value
for fur, DONORS AND THEIR GIFTS:
Mrs. Anna H. Anderson, Washington,. D. C., alligator.
A. M. Aytona, Washington, D. C., opossum.
L. D. Babbitt, Petersham, Mass., through Dr. Doris M. Cochran, copperhead snake, hog-nosed snake, spotted turtle, musk turtle.
Miss M. B. Bailey, Hyattsville, Md., 3 Pekin ducks.
Vernon Bailey, Washington, D. C., 3 flying squirrels, short-tailed shrew.
Mrs. John B. Baker, Durham, N. C., rhesus monkey.
Marshall Banks, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
Dr. Thos. Barbour, Cambridge, Mass., chicken snake, corn snake, 3 garter snakes, 2 black snakes, 2 king snakes, 15 water snakes.
Mrs. Virgil Barker, Fort Myers, Fla., broad-winged hawk.
Mrs. Beavers, Mt. Rainier, Md., black widow spider and eggs.
C. T. R. Bohannon, Carlsbad, N. Mex., prairie rattlesnake.
V. EK. Bolton, Washington, D. C., opossum.
W. L. Bond, Fredericksburg, Va., 2 barn owls.
Julius Booker, C. C. C., Belvoir, Va., copperhead snake.
Miss Mary L. Borger, Chevy Chase, Md., white rabbit.
Harlie Branch, Washington, D. C., alligator.
R. D. Brands, Washington, D. C., groundhog.
Mrs. Richard Brickway, Washington, D. C., orange-fronted parrot.
Dr. Alice L. Brown, Washington, D. C., 18 black skimmers.
Miss Caroline Brown, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Elwood Brown, Washington, D. C., white-throated capuchin.
S. K. Brown, Eustis, Fla., 4 corn snakes, 2 pine snakes, 3 coral snakes, water moccasin.
Mrs. T. R. Brown, Washington, D. C., Belgian rabbit.
L. J. Burner, Maurertown, Va., raccoon.
Dr. A. Busk, Washington, D. C., 2 grass paroquets.
Miss Anna Butler, Washington, D. C., yellow-naped parrot.
Adjutant Carnahan, Washington, D. C., raccoon.
Dr. Doris M. Cochran, Washington, D. C., blacksnake.
Frederick Cochrane, Washington, D. C., alligator.
C, P. Coe, Chevy Chase, Md., raccoon.
Mrs. J. L. Cotton, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
Mrs. S. C. Cotton, Washington, D. C., 2 grass paroquets.
Mrs. J. M. Cox, Washington, D. C., 6 moles.
Raymond Crawford, Warren, Ohio, 2 sidewinder rattlesnakes, 2 chuckwalla lizards, gopher tortoise, 2 horn snakes, king snake.
C. R. Cruey, Centerville, Va., great white heron.
Frank Cundall, Kingston, Jamaica, Jamaica boa.
P. B. Darling, Washington, D. C., red fox.
Miss Priscilla Deane, Washington, D. C., bobwhite.
B. L. Deitzel, Washington, D. C., tarantula.
Dr. J. Delacour, Cleres, France, 2 cheer pheasants, 2 white-crested kaleege.
J. P. Delphey, Frederick, Md., Javan macaque, rhesus monkey.
Irving Denenberg, Washington, D. C., pied-billed grebe.
C. F. Denley, Glenmont, Md., 2 ring-necked pheasants, 2 white ring-necked pheasants.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY
Mario DePrato, Washington, D. C., 3 geckos, garter snake.
Mrs. Catherine L. Devine, Washington, D. C., alligator.
HF. H. Dreyer, Laurel, Md,, Cooper’s hawk.
Vernon Dye, Alexandria, Va., barred owl.
Billy Harman, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Mrs. C. W. Elliott, Washington, D. C., double yellow-headed parrot. Mrs. J. H. Elvin, Washington, D. C., 3 Pekin ducks.
Dr. Wm. O. Hmory, Washington, D. C., 5 salamanders.
Mrs. Arnold Flack, Washington, D. C., 2 grass paroquets. Florida Reptile Institute, Silver Springs, Fla., 2 red-shouldered hawks. Dr. R. H. Ford, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
Mrs. C. R. Fornwald, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
Mrs. Agnes L. Fort, Washington, D. C., double yellow-headed parrot. M. B. Foster, Orlando, Fla., corn snake, mud or horn snake.
Mrs. Edith Frazier, Washington, D. C., yellow-naped parrot.
C. B. Freeman, Washington, D. C., 4 screech owls.
R. L. George, King City, Calif., yellow-billed magpie.
Frank Glaisdell, Washington, D. C., 24 horned lizards.
Sol Gnatt, Washington, D. C., water moccasin.
W. R. Gorman, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
Louis Granados, Riverdale, Md., blacksnake.
Donald Griftin, Cambridge, Mass., 9 hibernating bats.
R. Grove, Washington, D. C., raccoon.
Joseph Gruss, Waldorf, Md., bald eagle.
Mrs. Emma T. Hahm, Washingten, D. C., 3 fan-tailed pigeons. Miss Matilda J. Hahn, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Miss Reba Haiden, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Hugh M. Hamill, Sells, Ariz., desert rattlesnake.
J. Harvey, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
73
Thaddeus Hess, Marine Band, Washington, D. C., 5 pygmy rattlesnakes, 5 Florida diamond-back rattlesnakes, 12 water moccasins, blacksnake, cori
snake, 2 Florida king snakes, hoop snake or rainbow snake. W. H. Hill, Petersburg, Va., banded rattlesnake. P. J. Hollohan, Washington, D. C., Cuban parrot. Mrs. N. Horan, Washington, D. C., African gray parrot. L. C. Hosley, Washington, D. C., screech owl. K. N. Hosmer, Arlington, Va., alligator. ; Billy Householder, Phoenix, Ariz., Agassiz’s tortoise. Bob Householder, Phoenix, Ariz., Gila monster. Tom Householder, Phoenix, Ariz., tarantula. Dr. Claude Hudson, Washington, D. C., 18 red moon fish. C. L. Hugh, Washington, D. C., opossum. John H. Jackson, Oak Grove, Va., great horned owl.
W. B. Jones, Tuscaloosa, Ala., 2 water moccasins, 2 chicken snakes, copper-
head snake. Ellis S. Joseph, New York City, 10 banded finches. L. S. Julier, Chevy Chase, Md., 2 Java sparrows. Mrs. Martha Junkin, Washington, D. C., screech owl. Wilbert Kaiser, Laurel, Md., bald eagle. Walter Karig, Alexandria, Va., red-vented bulbul. Mrs. A. S. Keever, Washington, D. C., ground squirrel. Jacob W. Kennedy,.Washington, D. C., tarantula. C. T. Kettler, Washington, D. C., ribbon snakes. J. B. Kimes, Silver Spring, Md., barn owl.
74. ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
R. Lambert, Washington, D. C., 2 bobwhites.
Lester Leigh, Dade City, Fla., 8 garter snakes, chicken snake, 3 southerm pilot snakes, 3 Florida king snakes, 3 mud or horned snakes.
M. Libert and Wm. Spawn, Washington, D. C., trap door spider and nest.
Letty L. Light, Washington, D. C., sparrowhawk.
Capt. G. E. Lightcap, Washington, D. C., barred owl.
Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Lincoln, Washington, D. C., salamander.
A. Loveridge, Cambridge, Mass., 2 chicken snakes, black snake, king snake, corn snake.
Rowland Lyon, Chevy Chase, Md., opossum.
‘W. Mackay, Washington, D. C., alligator.
KE. B. Maddox, Hyattsville, Md., 2 raccoons.
Herbert Magruder, Washington, D. C., black snake.
Harry A. Mahone, Roanoke, Va., indigo snake.
Harold E. Martin, Washington, D. C., horseshoe erab.
Maryland University through Dr. Burhoe, 8 hairless rats.
H. W. D. Mayers, Collinsville, Conn., 2 green guenons.
R. H. McCauley, Ithaca, N. Y., 2 pine snakes, indigo snake.
Miss J. McDuffie, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
Mrs. J. D. McDuffie, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
EH. A. Meclihenny, Avery Island, La., 10 wood ducks, black Carolina and turkey vulture hybrid.
Dr. Kenneth Meyers, Detroit, Mich., 5 lizards.
Mrs. Robert Montgomery, Washington, D. C., 2 horned lizards.
R. S. C. Morman, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Wesley McC. Morris, Ednor, Md., 2 Formosan ring-necked pheasants,
Miss F. C. Mortimer, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
EH. C. Moyer, Washington, D. C., opossum.
Stanley Mulaik, Rio Grande City, Tex., through Dr. Doris M. Cochran, 2 sealy lizards.
Mrs. J. Murcelle, Washington, D. C., blue jay.
Miss Ann C. Murray, Cumberstone, Md., 2 gray foxes.
National Park Service, through A. H. Borell, Phoenix, Ariz., 12 desert pocket mice.
Mrs. E. Page, Washington, D. C., double yellow-head parrot.
Drury Parks, Washington, D. C., orange-crested cockatoo.
R. L. Parnell, Alexandria, Va., 2 great-horned owls.
Mrs. E. Penn, Washington, D. C., flying squirrel.
D. N. Pratt, Washington, D. C., mouse opossum.
L. C. Probert, Olney, Md., mute swan.
U. 8S. Randle, Randle Highlands, D. C., American black bear.
F. A. Rapp, Washington, D. C., great blue heron.
Miss Helen Roach, Washington, D. C., 2 Pekin ducks.
E. H. Rolston, Alexandria, Va., 2 gopher tortoises.
Carroll W. Ruhle, Washington, D. C., pilot snake, queen snake, water snake, 3 ring-necked snakes, worm snake.
Mrs. Charles Saltzman, Silver Spring, Md., 2 flying squirrels.
Andrew Santorios, Washington, D. C., 2 tarantulas.
James PR. Sarton, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Earl Saunders, Washington, D. C., Canadian porcupine.
Edward Saunders, Kensington, Md., screech owl.
Theodore H. Scheffer, Puyallup, Wash., 4 yelm pocket mice, 2 mountain beavers, varying hare.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 75
Dr. Schultz and Mr. Reid, Washington, D. C., pilot snake.
W. W. Schwink, Washington, D. C., woodchuck.
Harry Sedley, Washington, D. C., marine turtle.
Miss Carolyn Sheldon, Woodstock, Vt., 2 eastern chipmunks.
W. H. Sherbert, Edgewater, Md., red-shouldered hawk.
John Shorey, Washington, D. C., screech owl.
G. W. Shuster, Washington, D, C., baby raccoon.
Allen Smith, Washington, D. C., 2 fence lizards.
Miss Betty Smith, Washington, D. C., white rabbit.
Miss Daisy Smith, Newark, Del., ferret.
Otto Smith, Harpers Ferry, W. Va., gray fox.
Wm. Spawn and M. Libert, Washington, D. C., trap door spider and nest.
Miss Daisy R. Spradling, Athens, Tenn., osprey or fish hawk.
Miss Katherine Stafford, Baltimore, Md., white-throated capuchin, marmoset.
F. F. Stayton, Chestertown, Md., brown capuchin.
Alan N. Steyne, Washington, D. C., 2 blue-crowned hanging paroquets, Tui paroquet. 5
H. fF. Stroup, Washington, D. C., grivet monkey.
J. J. Taleott, Washington, D. C., horned lizard.
Dr. W. M. Tallant, Manatee, Fla., indigo snake.
Ralph Taylor, Washington, D. C., black widow spider.
Mrs. 8. G. Taylor, Washington, D. C., yellow-naped parrot.
M. R. Thorp, Washington, D. C., double-yeliow-headed parrot.
Mrs. Ethel B. Timmons, Washington, D. C., Pekin duck.
Miss-Mary Troiano, Washington, D. C., salamander.
‘Carl Tucker, Washington, D, C., hog-nosed snake.
Horace A. Tucker, Washington, D. C., indigo snake.
U. 8. Biological Survey, through C. E. Beebe, St. Regis, Mont., puma; through
J. 8S. C. Boswell, Washington, D. ©., 3 corn snakes; through H. N. Elliott, El Paso, Tex., 9 prairie dogs, 6 pocket gophers; through J. Finley and C. HE. McFarland, Cashmere, Wash., 3 mantled ground squirrels, 5 Hollister chip- munks; through John H. Gatlin, Albuquerque, N. Mex., puma, 2 prairie wolves; through Gill Gigstead, Havana, IIl., 4 coyotes; through A. S, Hamm and N. H. Buell, Casper, Wyo., long-tailed weasel, 2 picket-pin gophers; through L., E. Hicks and L. Baumgartner, Columbus, O., 4 red squirrels; through F. N. Jarvis, Washington, D. C., 3 meadow mice, pied-billed grebe; through E. V. Komarek, ‘Thomasville, Ga., epposum, 3 cotton rats; through Kenneth Krumm, Middle River, Minn., muskrat; through C, R. Landon, San Antonio, Tex., 4 Baird wood rats, 4 cotton rats, 3 Rio Grande ground squirrels, hispid pocket mouse; through C. R. Landon and J. M. Hill, Jr., Bryan, Tex., 6 pocket gophers; through C. R. Landon and L. C. Whitehead, San Antonio, Tex., Baird wood rat, cotton rat, hispid pocket mouse, 2 gray pigmy mice, 3 Merriam’s silky pocket mice, 2 nine- banded armadillos, 3 pallid white-footed mice, ground squirrel, red house mouse; through J. Manweiler, Baudette, Minn., 6 varying hares or snowshoe rabbits; through Wm. H. Marshall, Bingham, Utah, 3 marmots; through O. J. Murie, Seattle, Wash., bald eagle, glaucous-winged gull; through C. HE. Mush- back, Cache, Okla., 8 prairie dogs, 2 cotton rats, 2 round-tail wood rats, Old field mouse; through W. D. Parker, Fort Totten, N. Dak., 6 flag squirrels, 11 Richardson ground squirrels; through W. Taylor and V. W. Lehmann, Eagle Lake, Tex., 7 Texan red wolves; through H. W. Terhune, DeWitt, Ark., 6 eotton rats; through Stanley Young, Washington, D. C., bay lynx.
U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D. C., Kaibab squirrel.
W.C. Varner, Washington, D. C., horseshoe crab.
76 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Dr. Charles T. Vorhies, Tucson, Ariz., 2 Merriam kangaroo rats. -
Alex Walker, Tillamook, Ore., Washington varying hare, Oregon creeping mouse.
Col. W. E. Welliver, Washington, D. C., 2 African monitors. =
P. C. Wercks, Washington, D, C., grass paroquet.
W. David White, Washington, D. C., 3 red-shouldered hawks.
Mrs. J. H. Whitmore, Washington, D. C., yellow-naped parrot.
L. Wilkins, Takoma Park, Md., banded rattlesnake.
Mrs. B. F. Williams, Chevy Chase, Md., Canadian porcupine.
G. B. Williams, Thurmont, Md., 12 banded rattlesnakes, 10 copperheads, 5 water snakes, 2 hog-nosed snakes, 11 pilot snakes, 2 fence lizards.
Mrs. R. Williams, Washington, D. C., alligator.
R. W. Williams, Washington, D. C., 2 rhesus monkeys.
E. W. Wilson, Washington, D. C., groundhog.
Lee Guy Wilson Estate, Tree Top, Va., barred owl.
John Wyman, Washington, D. C., duck.
‘Philip N. Youtz, New York City, kinkajou.
Yugoslav Legation, Washington, D. C., alligator.
Births —There were 50 mammals born, 37 birds hatched, and 14
reptiles hatched or born in the Park during the year. These include the following: 3
MAMMALS
Scientific name Common name Number Ammotragus lervid__-___---_=-L seule AQUGAG wish hs 2 RP Scere 3 WANT Sn UOT S aie ON DEN Es I ea a fonAgsiis eer 25. beet ees ea ee a J BUST USO cao a es American bison... es eee 2 PROS tf OVU CLUES reser Sipe ee UAL we Gaya wxevnee Ee Moy te 8 Desh fo kee 2 PROS CV UGU Ses oii ese ne ARNT espe cece ZeDUCE ase ite ee Eh Camelus dromedarius —~=-~--_-_---+--=- Arabian camel.) 2. f — sas er da ‘Canis Vipus Wy Chow es2.es Be ee Timber WOME - nA wits APT Sele Ng) 7 Capromys, piloridesas2. e382 ee ee PUG aler ty ae te ea a 3 Cervows elaphws—__———- 2 5- natal cd Meal bs Red ideenes ait ts Aviron LEN eee is cael, DOM bai) = yes eee a Fedor GBs Maltow deers! 2s oes eee 8 Dolichotis salinicola 22. 2-2 be Dwartt /Gaviy ees Seton ke | See PIODWIS MRE UDOUS Hie a Mongolian wild horse -._--_-.____ 4 1 Hrethizon: dorsatum—2 22 _.~ Pastern porcupine __ =i. ntiessket 1 ELCHESOUG ONES sh ners iaik eka er Gans FACUATS ses Vester ey oye Pee ES, Lame glama___- 2 Fe oyare ceree nea 2 pane Ty Mule: se 2 ae coh one ee 3 HCN GETS NU GI 0 setae een nies oars eae ay Common’ skunk 2 _#aet2s save: 1 Oryx. Getsa annectens £222 se ee Ibean. beisaoryx Us hae ee 1 SOLE RUUD. O11 es Se rset Te 5 Disa Ju RR Eke Japanese .deer®. ose seine Bie 8 I RSUS GY OS Taretiigg O Wee Tp aye eae! pols Alaska Peninsula bear__2----.-_-.—s 1
BIRDS
Anas undulata == ARE CU UDA SEE Nr African yellow-billed duck__-_____- if “Ardea herodius XA. occidentalis_______ Heron hybridas 20a eee 3 ‘Branta, canadensis (2 2 Canada. goose -_____ 2S kes eu Ps Chiysolophus piciusme-2 = Golden ease ae ea ane 5 Larus novaehotlandiae____- Silverw gunll Mees Cie ee JXNEO!: CUSHOGORT a Te i se TPC evik © ys ea 5
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY . ATE
REPTILES UO CMCOMLNG atte pase RS Greenptrees boat. ee 6 Hocrma cunninghamie t--e E ee Cumminehamiyskink= 2s seas 2 Sistrurus catenatus catenatus_________ BN TEAS SEAS aye ha eae eB 6
Exchanges——In an exchange with the Philadelphia Zoological Gardens there were received the following: Hybrid tree kangaroo, American elk or wapiti, 2 EKuropean water snakes, 4 European vipers, ‘6 green tree frogs, and 10 small European lizards. From Louis ‘Ruhe, Inc., New York City, were received a cock of the rock and a Koel. A pair of gannets was received from the Toronto Park Zoo, Toronto, Canada. From Dr. Johan Beetz, Director, Service de VElevage des Animaux a’ Fourrure, Province of Quebec, was re- ceived a splendid specimen of ranch-bred mink obtained by him from the mink farm of Dr. J. E. Ua Forest, near the city of Quebec.
Purchases—Inportant purchases during the year were three pronghorn antelopes, 6 jackass penguins, a pair of jabiru storks, and 8 black-tailed marmosets. In December 1936, 30 hummingbirds were purchased in Habana, Cuba, and transported by airplane to the Park. Only 2 died en route, the remainder arriving in good condition. SAS a A
REMOVALS
Deaths—Important losses by death during the year include two chimpanzees, one of which, “Soko”, had been in the collection since ‘September 8, 1915. A Komodo dragon received June 21, 1934, died July 11, 19387. A Burmese deer and saiga antelope died during this period. ee
During the year 405 specimens that died were sent to the National Museum.
ANIMALS IN COLLECTION THAT HAD NOT PREVIOUSLY BEEN EXHIBITED . prc
pies MAMMALS Scientific name Common name Callithrix argentata_ __________... Black-tailed marmoset. Cricetomys gambianus______--_-_---__ African pouched rat. _/. BIRDS Catmensmwallichiiaeaias see Cheer pheasant. Gennaeus albocristatus_______________. White-crested kaleege. REPTILES
Mpicrates subflavus__---_------ =2==+- _ Jamaica boa.
78 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Statement of accessions
Received Pre- 5 Pur- On de- Class sented Born canes chased posit Total IV Teer) Gee OL NL ee 0) 185 50 3 26 15 279 JSS ORO A a SU Se a a re 97 37 26 204 18 382 EVO OU TIOS ee EEE el AE Ue La a 224 14 16 36 25 315 RASTTA PLU 1 AIDS Sess ese oo Mes TA es Poca (0 RES Spares 6 UGE ES So Ciera 32 ALOYSIUS cna ah STE ARS UR GANAS hice NMR IL FAR aI BO) je te ee ET ee 50 RANT CHIN Stine wet ere ae de RN URE EA RO teal Ct | Se ee ec Ba TW We 6 AO TUSLACOATIS prec ee un aay ste eee Did ps Bo 2 NSEC iS SA BARS Re IEEE AT Pf Ea ae |e aN ae | re 1 PIR GES Mais OMAR AON 8 SSE ea eM TE RS 522 101 101 285 58 1, 067 Summary Aminals onan dad aly ils 193 6 sue seas eS a ee i ai ies ee 2,191 iAccessions) during the ‘year iil eat ee Pee 1, 067 Total animals in collection during year_________-_____-___________ 3, 258 Removal from collection by death, exchange, and return of animals on CICS OOS PE eR I SW A A tS 916 In collection\ ‘Tune sO 193 Tesi Loe ee ee eee 2, 342. Status of collection Class Species re Class Species naivide iMiammalsaeeess noes soul ene es 200 C447) IinSec isu ae ataara sees ee neuen 1 50 Binds a suule SAAN aul teh 313 SOO) Toll Sksheeuae seen ne eee 1 1 Reptiles ete aa ors one 127 438 || Crustaceans_.--_------------- 1 1 Amphibians______-..__--_---- 30 150 = ae BIS ESHA eon ene ete 26 159 Ho tallies te ee ee 701 2, 342 Arachnids______ pay oe as 2 9 ANIMALS IN THE NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL PARK, JUNE 30, 1937 MAMMALS MARSUPIALIA Didelphidae: Number Didelphis virginiana____---______- @©possumy 22 oe eee 9 Metachirus opossum_______------__ Zorro or banana opossum___—-—--~ 1 Macropodidae: Dendrolagus ursinus XD. inustus__ Hybrid tree kangaroo___------~--- 1 CARNIVORA Felidae: Felis concolor azteca_____________. Mexican puma ase eee 1 MetaCchinws Opossum. oa se es 1 21D H 00 ee coarse IG ay lu UPL NNN 4 ERCTUS STC Oe GOR. 2 SAM 2 AUNTY SS UE UIC 0g ges ee as ARTA I EB LCN 6 TQS COORG Sa NS Uganda wild tabby__-_-_-_---------_ 1 3 Jaguar 2h ee ee 5 LCTUS ONUG (sean sma LOM Rote aon ea aes : Blacks agua we ee ee 2 TIES TOHOKU as NO at 1B EKO) oF HO a 1 Felis pardus suahelicus__________. Hast African leopard_____----__-- 1 REVS CCTV UIUC Kee eases aR Golde niet See ANG os AEN ia 1 Felis tigris longipilis. 2 2 Siberian tigers. ea es 2
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 79
Felidae—Continued. Felis tigris sondadicus._._____-____- Sumatran’ tiger 2-2 ---= 22s eee 2 OPTED WU ae Balileygsy lysis ee an 1 Jones CorrUC A. ss ee (ava Celie ee es) aol MIU NUE WSO eee a ek ARB iy ei syarsxette eaiees eae ee 5: Viverridae: Civettictis civetta._._____________- COR Te ey ee ee ett NE AUR EI See 1 Genetta dongalana neumanni___--- Neumann’s genet_--------_-__---- 1 Moschothera megaspila______-__-_ Give Glee aise al ole we Re 3 Hyaenidae: Crocuta crocuta germinans_____-_~- East African spotted hyena_----- 1 Hyaena brunnea______--_--_-----. Brown hyenas) 22 eee 2 Canidae: 4 cS Coyote nena sue ee ee 13 Canis latrans..___--22---4-----~-. Atbinoréoveter tenon RN Pe 1 Canis latrans X domestica____-~-~- Coyote and dog hybrid_-__-------- Zs Canis lupus lycaon____-_-_--_---~_-. GTCT AAA LO Eee iO eee eee 4 Canis lupus nubilus_____--__----- YY] a gpa 2aR es a at spa et aap e sD 8 Canis lupus nubilus X domesticus. Wolf and dog hybrid_------------ 1 CONISETU US = eee es Ghercaraesaol (yoyo ae 7 Chrysocyon jubata_____---_----~- Misti e Gi iwio life: se see ne ee 1 Urocyon cinereoargenteus______--- Giiaiy howe ee a a T AIDE TNG Saf UC UO Ciao ee aT ae 2225 Bien ero p-GaN ta inhi gees hata 9 Procyonidae : LV GQSUG: GUN UC ee ee ees Gray coatimundi_____-___________ 3 ROLOSE UCU IES ae eee ee ee GHIA Sy OLY Ae a a 3 Procyon cancrivorus__—-~--------~- Crab-eating raccoon_----~-~--~----~ 1 Bee WEY OO) d Wes eR AO RNS a ONE ce eae EN NHS SHE 17 PTOCYON LOLOT === eee INO) ACO O As 1 ates eC CO, Oe ae ee 1 Bassariscidae : Bassariscus astutuws__-_-_--------- Ring-tail or cacomistle___________~ 2 Mustelidae: Galictis barbara barbara______---- Waite: tala 22 ee ee 2 Lutra canadensis vaga__-__-_----- Origa xOEte he ae ee 2 Mellivora capensis __-__-___-_--_-- ERE Oe has sees es a 1 MHC OTIS NIOnG =a aaee 2S TL Siem Si eee 7 Mustela cicognani cicognani____--- Bonaparte’s weasel_____-__--____- 1 Mustela eversmanni ___----------- Merretue sie TO ee 3 Mustela longicauda longicauda.___ Long-tailed weasel___----------_-- 1 Mustela vison vison________-_-_____ 103 Er AOS NAN TU eat 1 Spilogale ambarvalis _____-____-_- Florida spotted skunk_----------~ 1 Ursidae: Euarctos americanus__-_---______ American black bear___---------—- 6 Euarctos emmonsti_____-____-_-____ (@igverare [bee Bo 1 Helarctos malayanus______-__--~- Malay; or sun bears Ee 1 Thalarctos maritimus________---_ 2G LEAT a1 Ga Se 92 Thalarctos maritimus X Ursus gyas Hybrid bear_--------------------- 3 CESUSHOLCLOS= es ee European brown bear_—-—-~-—----- 4 PSST CS Se EO ee Alaska Peninsula brown bear_--—-- 4 (OPIS: [RICA HE eS ee Kidder’ sibearss8 t25 s5s5e sess 2 Ursus middendorfii______-___---_- Kodiakebeare 22) &.cuaxp yin igs dea 3 UGSUSySULKENSIS= Ss Bae ea Sitka brown bear___--_------_---- 3
Ursus thibetanus________- Himalayan bear____--_-------_-- 1
80
PINNIPEDIA Otariidae: ~ | LH IGO DIGS. VOLVO Steller’s'sea lion===—=+______ Zalophus” californianus—_-~_--_____ California sea lion==—---____ Phocidae: i “4 EUUCOD, TC OTE pa Pacific harborsseal===saaaas= ! PRIMATES Callitrichidae : i) COUBARID VOOCOMUIS Common marmoset ________ ad : WCQ COCO LL Black-tailed marmoset_____ Ws Oedipomidas geoffroyi____________ Central American marmoset_ Cebidae: | CORES: HERTZ SLL MII IS Brown capuchin___..2 22 _ Cebus capucinus_________________ White-throated capuchin___- CeO US fa Lisette ais tiara tet cnet ie Weeping capuchin __________ HEDIS 9) SEE GO St IRON aa CHa Cercopithecidae: Cercocebus fuliginosus____________ Sooty mangabey" a aeeean Cercopithecus albigularis________- ShKGNS (GMOS .. Cercopithecus aethiops aethiops.___. Grivet monkey_____________ : Cercopithecus aethiops roloway_-___ Roloway monkey ___________ Cercopithecus aethiops sabaeus____ Green guenon_____-________ Cercopithecus diana. 2-2-2 Dianay monkey. ee Cercopithecus neglectus___________ De Brazza’s guenon_________ Cercopithecus petaurista__________ Lesser white-nosed guenon__
_. ANNUAL: REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Colobus polycomos caudatus Colobus polycomos polycomos Macaca fuscata
AER Se sat White-tailed guereza _______ cd White-tailed colobus________ gs As NO fas Japanese monkey a pe:
SS aee5
WOODED OOPS LEN SINS Javan macaque We!
MICCCAM. CROUTONS Rhesus monkey.22"* =) ae MOOTED SOUP SL LOS aa Wanderoo monkey____________ =... _ Macaca sinica_ Bits TGs ees OME Gayl OTK yee ee ten LA ROKOGH ST Cy Ds ae ao hile ys ae a Macaque monkey! 222 aie MaGGUs MOUTUs =o EL ao Moor monkeys 204 se.) 1s Mandrillus leucophaeus _--_______ aT) re boc ee Mandrillus sphing___---§_-_ = Vicar bre 2 pats ZC VORCONUGIAYS stimula A Sea Ni ae vu Chialenigi seas (ao 1 COU NIO MOOG VAG. 2S a Hamadryas, baboon.) esas i Papio papio cynocephalus_________ Halst Atrican’ baboon aaa POPiO PAPO’ papio- === Aas West African baboon______-___-__ Theropithecus gelada__ = Gelada” baboons ae Hylobatidae : Symphalangus syndactylus_______ Siamang jsibbone=22 See
Pongiidae:
LEOMOO HOR GLB Ne eG ___. Sumatran orangutan________
RODENTIA
Sciuridae:
Callospermophilus saturatus
Citellus mexicanus parvidens_____ Rio Grande ground squirrel Citellus richardsoniixi_— Richardson ground squirrel_
NTI Mantled ground squirrel____ Citellus beecheyi douglassii_______ Douglas ground squirrel____
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SS SSeS REPORL OF THN SHURETARY
Sciuridae—Continued. 4 Citellus richardsonii. elegans_.____. Picket-pin’ ‘gopher 2 __ 2 2
Citellus tridecemlineatus__.-_____ / Mlag squirrel. = — WETS, SN Cynomys ludovicianus__---- Prairie dog 2 A, SEO Hutamias amoenus ludibundus____ Hollister chipmunk __-_____— 2 Glaucomys volans__2—__ =e Manse: KORDA ' Marmota flaviventris___2 ~~ _ + Marmot. or. whistler 222 9-3 "Manet moa on i‘ ta oodchuck -or groundhog____ 22 —=— Albino woodchuck or groundheg °\ GLUES! INL SON eee esa Lesser white’ squirrel. 2 Sciurus hoffmani sub. sp_________— Hottmanis squirrel = ss Sciurus kaibabensis__________ Si elad Renyopyon Reimobert yee SOUPUS OTC TOs 4S PUTT TO eae ne : Tamias striatus... Bastern CHI TITUTA eee rs Tamiasciurus hudsonicus____.____ Red Squirrel_.2-2 foes ee ae ‘Geomyidae: Pacha Geomys arenartus________________ Sand pocket gopher_____-___-____ Thomomys douglasti yclmensis____. Yelm pocket gopher______________. “Heteromyidae: fo ' Perognathus hispidiis_ Hispod pocket To uUse se ane _ Perognathus merriami merriami__._ Merriam’s silky pocket mouse____ ce Peérognathus penicilliatus_________- Desert pocket TRO USC ee ee etna “Castoridae: ip MCostor canadensis... 2 a Bea verso ek. ee ei Nene ana we Cricetidae : Rie Beiomys taylori taylori___________ Chay jolsnny imMOpRe Microtus oregoni oregoni_____-__-_ Oregon creeping mouse___________ Microtus pennsylwanicus_—________ WIGAClOM? UimiOMee cA Neotoma floridana attwateri______ Round-tailed wood rat___________- AN CCIOMG Toro MUNG See Baal SyO@OO! its _ Ondatra cibethica______ a elie a Black muskrat PSO ra Siren eae .. -Peromyscus leucopus_____________ White-footed mouse______________ Peromyscus maniculatus pallescens_. Pallid white-footed mouse_________ Sigmodon hispidus hispidus_______ Cotton rae STU AGE et cee Pe aa Sigmodon hispidus texianus_______ CSOttome ra Se ee Muridae: — OR ; ay Cricetomys gambianus__________-_~ Gambia pouched rat_______-______ WS GOOSCTUIIS A a es REC! INQuse WOW to oe IMQVS AEG UCT Di 2 en NA a Weaulvaine mining Rattus domestica_______________-- TE ain yA SSASy ee ee Dipodidae: ei Dipodomys merriami___________-_ Merriam kancanoo) Gate === on amm Hystricidae: Acanthion brachyurum___——-----~- Wipileiny | joroveewi online EUSERUG 1G LC WLM sa ae ee ees Hast_ African. .porcupines—_———- 2 e Erethizontidae: — Erethizon dorsatum_____----_—__- Hastiern poLgupine Myocastoridae: Peigocastor, COypua es ey OO UL eek te eee tt ae ie oie ar -Capromyidae : : ~ Capromys pilorides__________--_-_ EDU lates eens oe den Les aes ee
Cuniculidae : Cuniculus paca virgatus_________- Central American paca____---__--=
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82 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937 Dasyproctidae: Dasyprocta croconota prymnolopha_ Agouti___-___-__--_-_- Dasyprocta rubrata_____-________ Trinidad) agonal ee eee DM MODROCEG iy Sp) os Us es Mailed: ae outils ae aes es eye ie Caviidae: OCDIG (ORGANMG La Te Domestic guinea pig______________ Dolichotis magellanica___________ Patagonian cavyio 22-2 ee Dolichotis salinicola____.______-___ D wart) Cavy. 22s Ee ene Hydrochoeridae: Hydrochoerus hydrochoerus______— Capybaral2 =) Seo iekn ss iene LAGOMORPHA Leporidae: TeEpuUs Omenicanis=] 2 aa Varying hare or snowshoe rabbit__ Oryctolagus cuniculus____________ Domestic Tap it sn pa ae Angora: rabbits eee ARTIODACTYLA ..Boyidae: Ammotragus lervia _._.-___-_-___ AOU Gs AN Anoa depressicornis______________ ASTIN AES ee eda SBE ct Antilope cervicapra ______________ Black buck or Indian antelope___ BESOW OUSO1/Ee sc aaki) ee Nea AMeri Cand bison eens eae BOSS GOVWEGUTS: aa nied a Gene) ite es EE cee EXO SEO VEC UC UGS ie eas ean See ana ee RL ZG es SE Boselaphus tragocamelus __-_-_____ ANGI or ea leg tk a cP 0 BROODS OWOGKS 22 28 Voyine JEANo hha Loaate lo) A OOporD SUDURYGD Le Siberian ibex.2208= eae Connochaetes gnu _-______________ White-tailed gnu_________________ Connochaetes taurinus albojubatus White-bearded gnu_____-_________ Hemitragus jemlahicus_____-___.__ PPS eee Va Onotragusslecheel == a Sas Lechee antelope_______-___--__---_ Oryx beisa annectens_____________ Ibean beisa Onyx.= 2 eee Oviskeunopaeis: = Ul s a ee Io tations ae tilanas EY sn Poephagus grunniens_____________ INET) | eee VATS AN TN eR NSN Raunotragusiornyo 2 ee TA earn hc ee Antilocapridae: Antilocapra americana __-_-______ Pronghorn antelope ______________ Cervidae: PANE US G1 § aesiea impale tye coe cis AES core DNS GUSHICG (ey= lea mene remapun NGA ba SS las Cervus canadensis___-_-__________ PN OOS AUE NA Clee a Cervus duvaucellii —_____________ Barasingha deer_________________ GGPOUS QUIN MIG i ee European red deer____-----__-__- Cervus xanthopygus______________ Bedford) deere eee Mallow? deerss0 0 Bn Sa a eae Dama dama —-------------------- { White fallow deer_______________ Muntiacus sinensis-.- = 2 Barking or rib-faced deer________ Odocoileus costaricensis _-._______ Costa Rican deer] 2222 ae ae Odocoileus virginianus _-~_--___ Vircinia) deers 2002.00 eee Rusa Moluccensis = es NMONWC Cay (deere ISOLBGR GOP OP DON: Sess GN Japanese deer __________-________ Camelidae: Camelus bactrianiws) oi Bactrian camel 22 eee eae TOKE) LOUD TG EM WS Te Vi a Ni TSR NN SEI EB RNA Cen Lama huanacus____--_-_--_______ Gaia ACO ee Le nets Se
al 2
RHPORT OF THE SECRETARY
“Tayassuidae:
-‘Suidae:
ie EP Oe ee Collared peccary——--—----------_- pee sith he EA a Aue 2 is at White-lipped peccary_-—-----------
Babirussa alfurus__-_------------ Baling Aces 0 aay Phacochoerus aethiopicus mas- IS LUG US Bel Na ES Hast African warthog_____----__- ISAUSIRS CHAO fice a ee European wild boar_------------~- ‘Hippopotamidae: Choeropsis liberiensis________-_-- Pigmy hippopotamus___--------__- Hippopotamus amphibius___—____- JS OPOKOH NOY COPIS) PERISSODACTYLA ‘Equidae: FLORUUSNOGEUY I eee Grevy’S,..zebrase seek ae Equus grevyi-asinus__-__--------- Zebra-ass hybrid__-_______---__-_ Equus grevyi-caballus_______----~~ Zebra-horse hybrid_____------~---- KTS OG ee Asiatie wild ass or kiang_-------~ Equus przewalskii____--_-------__ Mongolian wild horse_---~--------~ Hquus quagga chapmani__—-----~-. Chapman’s zebra__----~~~--~----- US COU eee eee Mountain zebra___________------_— ‘Tapiridae: Tapirella bairditi______-_---------~ Bairdis, tapine 2 eee
Tapirus terrestris Rhinocerotidae : Diceros bicornis
Pb eh es UE eee ee Brazilian tapir
PROBOSCIDEA Hlephantidae: Elephas sumatranus__------------ Sumatra elephant -__------------~ Elephas maximus___—--------~---~- Indian elephant__--------_------- Loxodonta africana oxyotis____-—- African elephant__-___-------~-~- EDENTATA ‘Choloepodidae: Choloepus didactylus_______------ A WwiO=t@eCds y SLO tli eee ee ee, Dasypodidae: , Dasypus novemcinctus__-__------- Nine-banded armadillo___-------__ : CHIROPTERA Desmodontidae: Desmodus: rotundus__—_---------- Trinidad vampire bat-_--~---~---- BriRps STRUTHIONIFORMES Struthionidae: Struthio camelus____------------- South African ostrich___--------~-~- RHEIFORMES Rheidae : Rhea americana____-------------- Common rhea or nandu________---—
2
84 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
CASUARIIFORMES Casuariidae: + Oasuarius unappendiculatus_______ Single-wattled eassowary—___~—2_ Lua Dromiceiidae : a Dromiceius n. hollandiae_-_2---__- Common. emu 223) 0s! Sas ee 1 - aw SPHENISCIFORMES: Spheniscidae : Spheniscus demersus_____~---___- Jackass penguine <- "soe eee &. PELECANIFORMES Pelecanidae: Pelecanus californicus 2-22 2Ss=ss California brown pelican____—_____ 2 Pelecanus conspicillatus_____----- Australian pelican 222) sees aes Pelecanus erythrorhynchos Niles a American white pelican__________- 7 Pelecanus erythrorhynchos XP. oc- cidentalis_____ oii | Seok GES OEEy brid’ pelican’ 2262” PA iat Mbit it Pelecanus occidentalis______-_-__- IBTOwAT Pel Cam== au aaa 2. See 5 Pelecanus onocrotalws____=-__~_-_ HuTepean= pelican... isa Os Pelecanus -roseus__- 22 Rose-colored’ pelican.) 2. =a DF Sulidae: Liane WOFUS WHSSOMUS 25254 Gann ep 2 eS SE ae iso Sula granti __ Je ees Bilue-tooted Doohy lees: eevee 1 Phalacrocoracidae :- ae) F Nannopterum harrist___—--_____=_ Flizhtless cormorants." = ==seeennann? Phalacrocorax auritus atbociliatus: Farallon cormorant__.-.-__--_-_-_ 2 Phalacrocorax auritus floridanus JMkoaley KexoreadKonee ae 1 Anhingidae: : cae ; AMER GOIMCO LS Sa SACs Tap 9 ss eS > ER al ew Ardeidae:: CICONIIFORMES JNIRGKEGE IGROUH a as ee AES Great Dlue ser Ome = wane aaa aan 1 Ardea Nerodias A. cecidentalis== Elybrid heron ee 4 Ardea occidentalis______----_-_ === Great white heron 22 sss. saan ty Casmerodius albus egretta_______- American egret (sn “2 Nycticoraxr nycticorax naevius___. Black-crowned night Herons eae 15- Cochleariidae : : Coe Cochlearius cochlearius_—.-~--__-_ Boatbill-heron! {aaa ea eee 5 Balaenicipitidae : Balaeniceps rege 222-25) 2s ee Shoe-bill stork2 22 ne eee ft. Scopidae : + manos Scopus umbretta—__ 20. Hammerhead2 =o" 0) 0) eee Ciconiidae : : Dissoura episcopus.____________““"“Wooolly-necked stork _-___-___~____ 1 Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis____ Saddle-billed stork______---_---__- 1 Jabiru nvycteriaz_-________-= PASCO Jabiru Sees en ee Leptoptilus crumeniferus .---_-___ Marabou oe Ee TP Fic ee tee Leptoptilus~dubdius 2 8 898 dian - adjutant 2 gt Leptoptilus javamnicous 2222 IbSSeehe) yeh O ys 2 Mucteria americana ae 1
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY Q5
Threskiornithidae :
SAN GOL IGT s ORT OR Css ee Dag So ea ag Roseate Sspoonbill__________-_--§__ al Cuca g= acne Twi Wiaiteribicud--~o.0 0a Karki 4 Guara alba X G. rubra_-______ | Ey DridMibiseim2. “say Saye Sea il GIGHRG TURD Hf ee ee LE Searlet ibise=-==— = sition MN 2 Threskiornis aethiopica___-_______ Sacred Mibisese. a. ALL Ae Sh 2 Threskiornis melanocephala_______ Black-headedMabis==] 25) sss 2 Anatidae: ANSERIFORMES ; PAGES OTS (ee Mie ee Pes ame ee AYAVACYOXG Ne(0 18 Ke) kc eS SUP ies 18 Alopochen aegyptiacus____________ HS yume OOSCp eae See at AGS UOMVOSHICT sa Peking duck 2 20 )o eee 15 sea ening Clee seteior ee ee ee ia 35
Anas platyrhynchos_____________. GHG ee 1 PAU OUSIKILUO TL CS = Sees Leo ie a a Black or dusky mallard_________-+ 2 AMES WCRI 2s ee African yellow-billed duck_______~ 8 ARSE GUIDO TRO Sen eet eS American white-fronted goose_____ 3 INMISOR. OUD S ae SES See ees Beant ZO0OSesse ie 2 ee) eae 2 IST OMG, WOHDICUM Bate Rh i ial atl) aul a le aie on eS Bronte CONMUGESIS: 2352s se5 7s Canada co0se =a ee eee Branta canadensis hutchinsti______ ERUtChiN Ses OO Semen 4 Branta canadensis mininma___-----~ Cackling g008e@2 2-54 eas 4 Branta canadensis occidentalis_._._._ White-cheeked goose______-_--___= 20 Banta VCUGOpSiss sae Barnacle! ySOOSC == eee ees teal Cairina moschata__.----__--____- Muscovy duck _=.- = 52 eee Casarea variegata__--- 2 asa ae Raradisen id clas aes ae eae 1 Cereopsis novaehollandiae___-_--- Cereopsis or Cape Barren goose___ 1 Cihentatlanticge ses anes Sow, @008e22 alte a 7 Chen caerulescens_=——=-- == 2: Bue y! SO OSes be i, Se ee 9 Chloephaga leucoptera____________ Wine aia, ROOe 1 Cygnopsis cygnoides_________221 Chinese goose_--—-—---__-__-_____ 1 Cygnus columbianus_—___---_--- -_- Whistling swans 222) 2 ees Cygnus olor______~ Go ed ie se ee 0 Mute. swan. 2. Seo ai ee 3 Dold Cutda es pia, ares Pintailwwduck. = __ See, Sige 5 Dafila bahamensis.__-----__-_- Bahaman. pintail__=_~_-— sean eee 1 Dafa acuta. xX. Drspe2sie Stelss Pintail hybrid22—_—_-__ Seb se eee 1 Dendrocygna arborea______-__-_-_-__- Black-billed du¢k__-_-_ -. 5 5) Dendrocygna autwmnalis —-__-__-_- Black-bellied tree duck _-i---__--. 4 Dendrocygna viduata._2 2 White-faced. tree duck __-________ 1 Leptotarsis eytoni_. 2-2 Hyton’s .tree .duek_o2. 222 21 1 Mareca americana_—_-_ = Bald | pates 2 tans si ae Gs Ogun a8 IN GOGQMAD, TORDGUG? Se Orinoco. Fooses2 As _ SNAG oe 1 Nettion carolinense__________-_-__ Green-winged teal_-~______=__ = __ 1 NULOCH. COUATIS= = SRA Say Ring-neck duck = -_~ i eA) lt Nyroca. valisineria______-- 2 222 Canvas-back...duek8 2959 orig} 1 Philacte. canagic@222 222.4 sea HMperor . ZOOSe. Soa ae Sees EADS! eal! Plectropterus gambensis____ 3 Spur-winged goose__-- 2 Querquedula cyanoptera_.____-__- Cinnamon teale sane Ons eae il Querquedula discors_-_ 2 Blue-winged.-teaJivisiii. 2see ei 1 Sarkidiornis melanota_2- 2 Comb: duckie 32m s A BAG 1 Tadorna tadorna____~ wise hina itags Shelldrakel #150 10s Byway al
86 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
FALCONIFORMES.
Cathartidae: COMMAS CORO atinekeny \AuUnbbRe Cathartes aura X Coragyps atra- Black Carolina and turkey vulture
EU Ss ata a le, Nn Lea eee hybrid______ eye ee Le A i
Coragyps atratws. = et ee Black vulture] 2520 soe eee Gymnogyps californianus___-__--__- California ycondors =e VWOHUGIP ORY DI South American condor___--___-__
Accipitridae : Aegupius monachus. ~--_------__- Cinereous vulture___—_____________ ANOPMUCE GURU SUGIO Se Golden eagle! 220) MVihr a Sess aeese LBSOHRAD, DOU ROT Sa I Red-tailed hawk --_-__-~_-________ JBSURHAD. HAGUE WIS Se Red-shouldered hawk____-________ Biuyteo Diaty DUCK sea) =e Broad-winged hawk_______________ LURK. UDO Swainson’s hawk___-_____________ Gypactus barbatus grandis_______- Lammergeyer====2=0) Ue ee GHYDS PROUD ON Ha Ruppell’s: vulture____-- =---__ 1 ELC CUSUOMR. OWI a Malay brahminy kite_____________ Haliaeetus leucocephalus—________ Bald'=eaigl eacce hatin cil soley ete Milvuws migrans- 22 2 oe Yellow-billed kite ________________ Pandion haliaetus carolinensis____ Osprey or fish hawk___-__________ Stephanoaetus coronatus___-__---_ Crowned hawk eagle_____________ Torgos tracheliotus_____-___-_____ African eared-vulture ______ eh Se, Urodetws:audav: = - Wedge-tailed eagle________________
Falconidae: LAVCOUSD ATU CT UU Se ae ase Ea Sparrow. “hawk: 2002 ee se Polihierax semitorquatus_________ African pigmy falcon _______-___ Polyborus cheriway___-__-_______ Audubon’s caracara______________ Polyborus plancus_-—-=-----__-_-_ South American caracara_________ :
GALLIFORMES
‘Cracidae: Crareglooulosg= an ea Spix’s wattled curassow___—______ Onaxiri 01g ee ae OTE TES Panama curassow__----__--_-____ Mitac ty) 2 = in bhopree ls as epende ed Razor-billed curassow —____--______ Mat SOLUI Ns Sis Ses sere Sea Salvin’s curassow ____--__________
Phasianidae: ATOUSTONWS {OGG 11 Seer as Leas Argus pheasant_________-_____ Calophasis ellioti___-___._____ eee) Wlliot's, pheasant) sie nine Catreus wallichti_.__.______________ Cheer pheasant ~-_______ = Chrysolophus amherstiae.________ Lady Amherst’s pheasant_________ Chrysolophus amherstiae X Syr-
maticus reevest________-_ Biybrid) 2) 48 eo ee
Chrysolophus pictus______________ Golden pheasant ____-____________ Colinus virginianus______________ Bobwhite lo... chiens (ore Do Coturnix japonica___-___________ Asiatic migratory quail_________~ Crossoptilon mantchuricum______- Manchurian pheasant ____________ Gennaeus albocristatus___________ White-crested kaleege____________ Gennaeus lineatus. bo Lineated pheasant_____-__________- Gennaeus nycthemerus___________ Silver pheasant ____-_____________ Gennaeus nycthemerus bellit______ Bell’s silver pheasant_____________
Hierophasis swinhoei_____________ Swinhoe’s pheasant ______________
wre
eet HE b> et
Noo
REPORT OF THH SECRETARY
Phasianidae—Continued.
Lophophorus impeyanus_—-------- Himalayan Impeyan pheasant___- : Bluexpeatowdl= =23 523s eae ODOM a i (re peafowlctse22..-_-anhits
Paevormuticusse. ee ee Green. peafowl_=------+---------- Ring-necked pheasant___--------- White ring-necked pheasant__---- Phasianus torquatus formosanus_. Formosan ring-necked pheasant__
Phasianus torquatus__-------~-_--
Syrmaticus reevesi-____---------- Reeve’s. pheasant—----.------+---~- Numididae: Numida mitrata reichenowi____—— Reichenow’s helmeted guinea fowl _ Meleagrididae: Meleagris gallopavo___------__--- Domestic turkey_-__-------+----_- GRUIFORMES Gruidae: Anthropoides virgo_____-_--------. Demoiselle crane____--_---------- Antigone australasiana___-__----- Australianecrane=]= 2222 Balearica pavonina___-----------~- West African crowned crane__---~ Balearica regulorum gibbericeps__ East African crowned crane_—---- Grus canadensis canadensis___---~ Ihittle: browm crane ==] 22 esas Grus canadensis tabida___------_- Sandhill, craney Grus leucauchen_----------_---_-- White-naped crane_--------__~_-- Grus leucogeranus__------------- Siberianuecrat cme: =a aeueeannanee es Psophiidae : | . Psophia crepitans__._____---.----- Gray-backed trumpeter_--------_~ Rallidae: Fulica americana____-_------~—==- AOGENCRIN COME 2 ee eee Gallinula chloropus cachinnans___ Florida gallinule-__________---__- Limnocoraz flavirostra_____---_-- Afiricanwblacks, calles see serena Porphyrio melanotus______----_-- New Zealand mud hen____---~---- Porphyrio poliocephalus___------- Gray-headed porphyrio_---------- Burypygidae: Hurypyga, helias____~--~.-----=-.. Sunwmbitterne= eee eee Otididae: iad One Co an See Menham’s bustard 2229s Otis caffra jacksoni__---_------_- Jiackson?s) bustarda=2422 = se ! CHARADRIIFORMES Haematopodidae: Haematopus ostralegus__-_------- European oyster catcher_--------_ Charadriidae: Belonopterus cayennensis___------ South American lapwing__-------- Sarciophorus tectus___-__-------- Black-headed plover_---------__-- Scolopacidae : Philomachus pugnav_------------ DT 0 esa SI PS SSN EAE ES Laridae: Larus argentatus_____-_---------- lei@oame ull Larus delawarensis____--_------- Ring-billed gull _-----~-~ peg Ne teol ret os Larus glaucescens____-_-----_---- Glaucous-winged gull__-----__--__ Larus novaehollandiae______----- Silvera culls Se ee Larus occidentalis ae Western Voullo sae we ee Larus ridibundus____---_-------- Huropeans el ee
22606—37——_T7
ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
88
COLUMBIFORMES Pteroclidae: Pterocles orientalis____-_-_---_~~- Oriental sandgrouse_____...__-____ Columbidae: ; Caloenas nicobarica______-------- Nicobar pigeon —_—-—-— -ssesen ee Columba leuconota___--------=-- - tibetan) pice ae Columba palumbus_____---2---_—— W OOd) PISO a oe ea Columba, domestic variety__~----~ Archangel pigeon _-- =~ Columba, domestic variety_______- Fan-tailed pigeon -+:_--__-+__--+_ Gouna victonial= ee Victoria: crowned pigeon__--______ Leptotila rufazvilla__.-____-------- Scaled. pigeomisios oye ties pie Streptopelia risoria__._______------ Ring-necked dove___________-_- Streptopelia senegalensis_____----- Hast African ring-necked dove ___. DUGUTE TS OTVUS 2 Turtle; (dove. 2b) Uae Zenaidura macroura macroura___—- West Indian dove_________-_-_____ PSITTACIFORMES Loriidae: LOSER WON Os be al enone ce Vee Red loryses os Sen a eee Trichoglossus cyanogrammus__—-—-_— Green-naped lory_____--__________ Trichoglossus forsteni______---___ Horsten’s’ paroquetes.2 eee Trichoglossus novaehollandiae____ Blue-bellied lory__________________ Psittacidae: Agapornis lilianae__-_------------ Nyassa lovebirds 2s) enone Amazona albifrons_________-_----_ White-fronted parrot_____________ Amazona amazonica.___._____------ Orange-winged parrot! 3. eee Amazona arausiaca______________ Bouguet?s| parrots... ane Amazona auropalliata____________ Yellow-naped parrot______________ Amazona farinosa.2-2=) === 2h Mealy parro tee See See Amazona festiva____________----- Festive: parrotle2: 22 226s Sees Amazona leucocephala_______-___-_ Cubans parrots ses => eee Amazona ochrocephala_______--_- Orange-fronted parrot____-_______ Amazona, ochroptera___-__------__- Yellow-shouldered parrot__________ Amazona oratrig-—___-------__--_- Double yellow-head parrot ________ ATUL OMG NS NL RN Ne oe MANE Red-fronted parrot________________ Amazona ventralis_____-__-_____-__ Hispaniolan white-fronted parrot___ Amazona viridigenalis___________- Red-crowned parrot______________ Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus__—_-—_ Hyacinthine macaw______________ SANTROD CU POIR CHIU pn Yellow and blue macaw__________ INORG WICTRO DUG Red and yellow macaw________--- AL 91U CC. O Oe NUE ees st cet Ne eS tN Red, yellow and blue macaw____-- ANROB TOCIPOKION a MMi sens) macaw Shee eee PNK OGG GMT sea Bl Mexican green macaw_____----_-- SALGRON EXON A Pa SMe AN a Severe macaw 22 2050 en een Aratinga holochlora__________-___ White-eyed parrot____--____--_-__ Aratinga jendayal— 22 Jenday, ConUreSs a. ene Aratinga solstitialis____.__________ Yellow ‘paroquet. 222 Brotogeris jugularis______________ TOVI PATOGUCH LL eee eee COnACODSIS 1G Ge a een aen Lesser vasa parrot_______-_--______ Cyanopsittacus spixi______________ Spixis) macaw. 22 eae ee Holophus roseicapillus____________ Roseate cockatoo____.__---______. HOB SSO TOMED NG ROH AAG pase EY sh Golden-crowned paroquet—_..-___-_
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 89
Psittacidae—Continued.
EHupsittula canicularis___________- Petz), paroquet_22. 22-2 vehiie ads 1 Forpus gwianensis_____--_-__-_-- Green-rumped parrotlet_____-_--_- 1 Kakatoe citrinocristata.__-.._-._.-- Orange-crested cockatoo____---____ 1 Kakatoe galerita___.______________ Sulphur-erested cockatoo__—~~+.4-_ 2 Kakatoe leadbeateri_____._______- Leadbeater’s cockatoo_.__-_---21-_ 2 Kakatoe moluccensis_______------ Great red-crested cockatoo____-_-~ 1 Kakatoe sulphuwrea___--_____--__- Lesser sulphur-crested cockatoo____ 1 Leptolophus novaehollandicus____._ Cockatiel______________-__-_________ 2 Melopsitiacus undulatus________-_ Grass paroquet______-_-___ 7 SE 20 Microglossus aterrimus__—_-____-__ Great black cockatoo_______-__--_~_ 1 Myopsitta monachus__-__________- Quaker paroquet__---____-__--1--- 1 Nandayus nanday____-____-__.___. Nanday paroquet____)_—4_~-. 1 Nestor notabilis____________-_____ Rea a2 see DEOMI Dla 4 Pionites xanthomera____________- Amazonian caique____-____-_-____ 2 Pionus menstruus____-_---------- Blue-headed parrot__---_---L----- 1 Psittacula k. krameri______---_-- Long-tailed paroquet_--_------__-- 3 Psittacula nepalensis_____________ Nepalese paroquet___-_-------_---_- 1 Psittacus erithacus____--_________ African gray parrot______----_-_- 2; Tanygnathus megalorhynchus__-__- Great-billed parrot __-_----__----- I CUCULIFORMES Cuculidae: Centropus sinensis________-______ Sumatran coucal___________--___L_ 1 Cuculus canorus________----____- European cuckoo__-__-_~-~__---+_- 1 Eudynamis scolopaccus___-------- Koehler DUA EO SOAS 2 STRIGIFORMES : Tytonidae: Tyto alba pratincola____-_----~-~ Barn-—owl- 22 DIGI 90 Bee, 3 Strigidae: Bubo virginianus___.---_--_-__---- Great horned owl__-------_------- 5 Oius-CSio S220 LE 2 OI CEN Screech owl_--------------------- 6 Sibi om aia eee IOI ANTAL ed Barred}-owl2 2222-330 23 pi oyolye 12 CAPRIMULGIFORMES Caprimulgidae: Chordeiles minor__-_-------------— Nightihawk.oo2.s52.225-2 Se eon 1 TROGONIFORMES Trogonidae: Priotelus temnurus__.._---------- Cuban: -trogon] 22k eee 2 CORACIIFORMES Alcedinidae: IDOGAD Gti OS Sr = Kookaburra /22<=222 22222 eae 2 Momotidae: Momotus momotus parensis__----- Motmot i222 ee ALES 2 Bucerotidae: Buceros rhinoceros__------------- Rhinoceros hornbill___-__-------- 1 Bueorvus abyssinicus___---------- Abyssinian ground hornbill___---_- 2,
Dichoceros. bicornis.___---------- Concave casque hornbill_____-_-___ 2
90 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
PICIFORMES Ramphastidae: Aulacorhynchus erythrognathus__-_ Venezuelan toucanette_-___-----__
Pteroglossus bitorquatus___-----+- . Two-banded ‘avacari-/o-=---- ===
Ramphastos ariel. 2.2 eee Ariel, toucans 2 tinal an nee
Ramphastos toco___-_---=__--=--- Toco LOuMAnY = ee eee ee
Selenidera culik_---_- es ines oh can) Guiana’ toucaneties4=iiee "ake
PASSERIFORMES ‘Cotingidae:
Chasmorhynchus nudicollis____-—-~ Naked-throated bell-bird_________- Graculidae :
Gracula palawanensis_____------- Palawan mynahe eae
Gracula religiosa_____-___--------= Southern hill mynah__________-___ Tyrannidae:
Pitangus sulphuratus_------------ Kiskadee flycatchers 2 ‘Corvidae: Aphelocoma californica woodhouset- Woodhouse’s jay—----~-----------=
Calocitta formosa_._—.----=--=-- + Mexican magpie jay--.—__--_-+_=_
Cissa chinensis_- 22 eee Chinese Cissat. vane ee ee
Coruusnalouses eee ee - White-breasted crow_________--___
Oorvus brachyrhynchos_-----= oe ale AT CEICAM:! CLO We 22g el ee eae
Corvus coraw sinwatus--_--------- American ravyen__ J... ss eee
Corvus coronoides__-..—---=------ NUISB EW MEM ON eee j Corvus cryptoleucus:.._...-----. White-necked raven-—_-..--2..—. .
Oyanocitta cristata’ 2) ee Se Blue) yay. 2
Cyanocorax cyanopogon__-----~-- White-naped jay_______-__________-
‘Pica nuttalli___-_____-______-.=-=. ,Yellow-billed magpie__-_-____--____
Pica pica hudsonia_.___-__--_-_--. American magpie-—-_ eee
« Urocissa occipitalis.____._.cu.t___-_ Red-billed blue magpie____-~-~~-=-
Xanthoura lucuosa guatemalensis. Guatemalan green jay_----_-~---_- Paradiseidae ;
Paradisea minor__-__---.-=.--.-» Lesser bird of paradise__-...----.<
Seleucides niger -- = es es 12-wired bird of paradise.-__---~=- Timaliidae:
Pomatorhinus erythrogenys imber-
(Bae AE oe a Salvadori’s scimitar-babbler______~
Pycnonotidae:
Molpastes haemorrhous_---------~- Black-headed bulbul__----------_-
Otocompsa jocosus__.__-_.--- =..~ Red-eared bulbul_________--__---. Turdidae:
Mimocichla rubripes__=---------- Western red-legged thrush___-___-
LORS: OPO SS ee Bonaparte!s)) thrushes2 eee Laniidae:
TOUS GK GS Teita fiscal shrike____-___--2=222% Sturnidae: I
Cosmopsanis negiuss= eee Splendid’ starling= 2222.22 ees
Galeopsar salvadorit__-____--__-= Crested . starling_.~-__-~--_.-____
Lamprocolius sycobius___.___-__.__~ Southern glossy starling___.___-~_ aie Coerebidae:
Cyanerpes cyaneus_-_.__----_.__.._.. Blue honey creeper--__-_---~-_---~-+ Icteridae:
DAV OKANO HHORY USXSOC IIHS si Cuban red-winged blackbird______
Agelaius icterocephalus___-.__-___ Yellow-headed marsh bird_-__--_~_
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY . z OL.
Icteridae—Continued. Amblyrhamphus holosericeus____- Red-headed marsh troupial-—-_---_ 1 Gymnomystax mexricanus_________ Gilamntoriolets 0 Va btyeii yes via 1 FCUCTANS! QUT QUG 22 Ee ee Giraud’s)orioles 22.) 2s eae 1 WMOLOtRTUS ater 2-2-9 See eee Cow bind) 22 Boe a eo ales 1 Psomocolax oryvivora_____-____-- Rice) eracklewee ues ties ve iee 1 Xanthocephalus xsanthocephalus___ Yellow-headed blaeckbird__--_----- 4 Thraupidae : Spindalis pretrei___.________.-____ Cuban spindaliss = sts ss Stee 3 Tanagra luteicapilla_____________- Yellow-crowned euphonia___-----~ 1 Thraupis cana. 22k Po Je tere itt Thraupis palmarum melanoptera__ Palm tanager__--------__----~---- 1 Ploceiidae : Amadina fasciata____---__--____- Cut-throat finchisss 24+.) t Coliuspasser ardens_____________- Red-necked whydah____-~__-_____ 4 Diatropura procne_____----___--_ Giant iwhydah]= ee & Huplectes capensis_______--__---- Yellow-shouldered whydah______-- aL Neochmia phaeton_____-__________ Crimson or blood finch _____-__-_--- 1 Padda-oryziwora__-- == 22 to White Java sparrow____-_-______- 2 Ploceus intermedius___-__-__-_--__ Black-cheeked weaver _—_—-----__ 20 Ploceus rubiginosus___-____--__-_ Chestnut-breasted weaver____--_-- 8 Poephila acuticauda____--___-__-- Long-tailed finechs____ 22222522) 9 Poephila gouldiae______-____--___ Gouldianefinch! sae eee 5 Quelea sanguinirestris intermedia. Southern masked weaver finch_-_-- 1 Steganopleura bichenovit_____-_-_ Ban@dedi finches = Suiinne ees viis enh ol aes D5 Steganura paradisea_____-___-_-- Paradise »whydah —_2+---=_-=#--- + q Taeniopygia castanotis____-______. Zebra) Aine See CA a eas BS
Fringillidae:
Carduelis carduelis______-_-----_- Huropean gold finch_____________-_ 1 Fringilla montifringilla____--__--- Bramblines finch 2s ass eens 1 Melopyrrha nigra__-__--_--__--~_ (Opole VoouNbivave ay oe SE 2 Poroaria cristata.) Red-erested or Brazilian cardinal 1 Pheucticus tibialis _--___.__---_-_- Yellow grosbeak_-__________---_-- 1 Serinus canarius____----------_-- Canamiygie th. iis beste iy eas toneiers ek 8 SiGGliseaninorne a eel ee Lesser yellow finech_~_-__---_-__-_- 1 Sporophila aurita_______-_-__-____ Hick’s seed-eater_____________--__ 4 Sporophila gutturalis________-_-- Yellow-bellied seed-eater________-~ 3 AUOCHPOS (COMM CTR pO Melodius grassquit ______---__---- Zs Tiaris olivacea__--_-___--_---_-_- Mexican grassquit___-_______---_-_ 15 Volatinia jacarini_______---___-__- Blue-black grassquit__.--__-_-___- 2
REPTILES LORIOATA Crocodylidae: Alligator mississipiensis___-_------ AUT gent hrs toe aI el 36 Caiman sclerops_____=-~- -—---.-- (@ eae earn aS as 3 Orocodylusvacuins. ae American crocodile___--_-----_--= 1 Crocodylus cataphractus___------- West African crocodile_____----~-- 1 Crocodylus porosus_----------+---- Salt water crocodile_-______------- I
Osteolaemus tetraspis_.___------- Broad-nosed crocodile___-.------__ t
92 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
SQUAMATA
Lacertidae:
Lacerta muralis. 2 eines eee AYN) O Raed bi Achy ct [Age sees ees Ma reve ne | 3 Lacerta viridis. -— 20) + ee mui Geen! MEZA Oe Nae le 3
Agamidae:
Physignathus lesuewrii_-_-------- Lesueur’s water dragon _-----_-_- 2
Tguanidae:
Anolis’ carolinensis=——— 2 ==" eee False chameleon_____--_-_-__~---~— 12 Anolis. equestris___ 2iLbes5 be nee Giant. anolis.o. --S2eetenee ot eee 8 Anolis: porceatusist _bonwessaeetes Cuban {9nolis2 sate ees eee 2 Conolophus subcristatus____-_---- Galapagos. iguana___ 2-22 422-4588 al! CY CUURGACORNULO == as Shes Rhinoceros iguana_-+-_------==--- 1 Leiocephalus cubensis____------_- Cuban curl-tailed lizard_____ =n pBehin 13 Phrynosoma cornutum__—---_----— Horned. lizard 22 142 tee we ees 6 Phyrnosoma. platyrhinos__-------- Horned) lizard) 2s 2s eee ees 3 CONDUC US See AR wh fe RUE Plicated Tizard] = Sees e ee 1 Sceloporus. magister=. 2-2-2 Western spiny lizard___----_--____ 1 Sceloporus torquatus cyanogenys__ Scaly lizard__-_----------------__ 2, Sceloporus undulatus__---___---__- Fence lizard. Sie i ee 8
Gerrhosauridae :
Gerrhosaurus validws__.___------- Robust plated lizard------------_ 1
Helodermatidae :
Heloderma horridum_____-------~ Mexican beaded lizard_---_-~----~ Heloderma suspectum_._--------_ Gila’, wmonsteris see ee ab Teiidae: : Cnemidophorus s. serlineatus____- Six-lined Jizardse*\ss527 Gee 4 Crocodilurus lacertinus_____-__--~ Crocodile lizard=222.4 aa 3 Dracaena gwianensis______-_------ Dragon Tigard] 228 Skee 1 Tupinambis nigropunctatus___-___ Meg ViZard 2 Saieeein ence aoe Scincidae: Hgernia cunninghami__.__-_-----_- Cunningham’s skink___+—-+------- 4 HG CTNiO NOG OTS ee ies Greater, Skink _-ss5t2os Seas 1 EFumeces. fasciatusice 2 sates Red-headed skink___-_____~-__----_ 1 HUMEGCES OOSOLETUS = {ea Eee Brown. skink. ~2- 2222 ee eee 3 TAUGUO. MIGrolUuteg ied SA tiak: wpe Mottled lizard= 222) Oe eke eee i Tilviqua Scincoidesi se we ea Blue-tongued lizard. __---___-_--- Py Trachysaurus rugosus ii Stump-tailed lizard____-.-+----_+ 2
Varanidae:
ViGranus Goulds ae sieap ieee iont Gould's monitor) =e a 1 Varanus niloticuse222 Sieben African: monitors: eee 1
Zonuridae :
ZONULUS) CLG anteUse Ao ea Black spiny lizard]! 22a il OPHIDIA
Boidae:
ESO CU CCU 1 CE ae ens eNO Green-tree “boas Gisese ie ae 3 Constrictor constrictor__-________ Common: poas=s-- 20s eee 3 Constrictor mexicana_______-_____ Mexiean- -boas.t- 22. Noi SV Dee i Hpicrates angwlifer se Cuban: tree “boaliss bl ho ee one 3 Lpienates CEnChrig. 22s 2 ae Rainbow boa===2820 ie eae 13 LP tCKOLES = SUOFUC/ UALS as ee eRe Jamaica~-boas swe US. _ iii DA eee il Hunectes mininus) 2 see eee Ama cond aie yee a ea Se ae 3 Tropidophis melanurus_____--__-- Cuban Won wd Ue nee nals ik
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 93
Pythonidae: Python molurus_. ~~~ Indian) python! sso as ee eas 1 PYthOniTegrusGs vv ovia blip Ball python--s-. Hy Mseey it egaanvopmpibe 08 1 Python reticulatus__._____________ Regal python) 2-2-2 = needed 4 ‘Colubridae: Abastor erythrogrammus—__—_-___ Hoopsnake or rainbow snake____-_~ 3 Alsophis angulifer-____._.___-_____ Jubo: or culebral_—_ = = eee 3 Coluber c. constrictor_______-_~__-_ Black, snake 222 ce tssr.ans speach, Ay 3 Drymarchon corais cooperi_____~—_ Indigo snakes alpe see ee ey = 1 Mtanhe guttata__ 2252) sabe sans Corn. snake. otteanwies de Gi as 2 7 HTN NO UGG aaa ET ae Hmory7s!) Snake sess) 2yto dense ee 1 Hiaphe obsoleta confinis_____-_____ Southern pilot snake __--___--_-_~ 1 Flaphe o. obsoleta_._____-_-__-__-_ Pilot, snakes.) 22 tw py gee 9 _Hlaphe quadrivittata_____________ Chicken snake _-_--_-~--=__=+--+_ 6 Elaphe vulpina__-__--~__----_--__- Hoxysnake! {ia cfany ees over tOes 1 _Farancia abacura___-----~------- Mud or horn snake_~-~_-----_--___ 1 Heterodon contortrig__.__-__-__-_~ Hog-nosed snake ___-________-_-_— 2 _Lampropeltis getulus floridana__.__ Florida king snake______---__-_~~ 7 Lampropeltis g. getwlus______-__- King Ssnakensaiesbeastinne Geeta a ty 2 Leimadophis andreae___-__-__-_- Jubito or magdalena___________-__ 2; Liopeltis vernalis___._____-_-----__~ Smooth green snake_~---~__--____ 1 ikesticophis sp. = ae Coachwhip snake_-__~~=----~--+__ 2 NGtIONCYClOpIONS Laney Sees Wisiterisna etre spieke | acc eie ete 13 NGEID Spottt) Hina lpad ore el Wiaiterismall<e =) enna Siig Ree 18 Opheodrys aestivus___.______----- Rough-sealed green snake __-----~— 1 Pituophis melanoleucus__~-_-----_~ BuUlysmalke a’. eye sess Caen ire 1 IERDO NMS S02 aa EN ee Piney Snake eh aia ain a ve, eevee 1 Thamnophis sauritus___-_------_- Ribbon, snake. 2 -sekias esa 3 Thamnophis s. sirtalis__.___--__---- Garter snake... 1s — Smenyenee 8 Tretanorhinus variabilis_____-_---- Cuban water snake____--_________ 1 Elapidae: Micrurus fulvius__.--_-2_-__----_ Coralivsnake ss) Saas Se ete 1 INGiGsfava. 2 obiers “hatpii pit Golden, cobra=2 2 ee 1 Naja tripudians sumatrana___---- Sumatran black-hooded cobra_---- 1 ‘Crotalidae : Agkistrodon mokasen___---------- Copperhead, __- -—- Ss ie4e nhstes 6 Agkistrodon piscivorus__----_---- Water moccasin_-—_-~~---~-+--_- 15 Crotalus adamanteus__----------- Diamond-backed rattlesnake__—_~~ q ‘Onotalusiatnrot 2 Desert rattlesnake___-___---_-__--- 1 Crotalus confluentus__-__--------+-- Western rattlesnake___-__--______ 3 Crotalus horridus________-------— Banded rattlesnake____-_--------_ 6 Sistrurus catenatus catenatus____—_ IMASSASaIo alta ai ah ae Eee 2 Sistrurus miliarius____----------- Pigmy rattlesnake__--_-__-----.-~ 3 Trimeresurus monticola_-_------—- Mountain pit, viper--__---_-___--__ 1 ‘Viperidae: ButiiSariCtans.—— —— ea ek Puitivad ders 222ek se ye NS 1 VDCEUMUCTUS2 = eee Huropesn vipers eee 2 TESTUDINATA Chelydidae: Hydromedusa tectifera______-_--- South American snake-necked tur- (Hee ea ae ee ee 4
Platemys platycephala____-_--~_---- Mlat-heady turtle==-22 2) eee 1
Q4 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Pelomedusidae : Peiomedusa galeata___-___------~ Common African water-tortoise____ Podocnemis expansa_---_--------- South American river tortoise____- Kinosternidae : Kinosternon flavescens____------- Musk turtle.) ols...) eee Kinosternon subrubrum__-------- Musk turtle__-__-____ aS OL RE Chelydridae: ¢ Chelydra. osceola__ = eo ee Osceola snapping turtle___________ Chelydra rossignoniti___-_~________ Rossignon’s snapping turtle_______ Chelydra serpentina____________-- Snapping turtles ee ee Macrochelys. temminckii______--_- Alligator snapping turtle__--______ Testudinidae : CREYSENUY SI -DLCUd Dae Sy eee Painted -turtleL {22k oe eee Clemmystguttata 22 eee Spotted “turtles es Ane ea Clemmys insculpta______---~-----_ Wood tortoise__________ Clemmys muhlenbergit_______---- Muhlenberg’s tortoise-__2_________ Cyclemys amboinensis______-_____ Malayan box ‘turtle: __2___- Gopherus agassizii_____.__________ Agassiz's’ tortoise. 2-2 see Gopherus polyphemus_-______--__ Gopher ‘tortoises. 41s pisses Graptemys pseudogeographica_.___ False geographic turtle______-_____ Malaclemmys centrata_______.____ Diamond-back terrapin_-_-_________ Pseudemys concinna_____---__-_-_ Cooter 222. 2 2s ee) Ba Pseudemys decussata____-_-______ Haitian. terrapine sana ae Pseudemys elegans_-___--_____--- Cumberland terrapin--__-_________ Pseudemys floridana____---______- Mloridalterra pin s2tesss eee Pseudemys rugosus.2 es es Cubane terrayp ial weiss eeioese ee Rerrapene .Canound22 Se eae Boxatortoiseset! 2s. cine ae NETRA EME <0) O12 a aes ee Hlorida box turtles. stenoses LeErrapeney OL NOlaa 2 aie aie Ornate stortoise.. 4: ss 2 eee Testudo elephantina_____-__-___-__ Hlephant tortoisez: 222 eee Tesiudo ephippium=—_____________ Dunean Island tortoise____________ Testudo hoodensis___-_________ Hood Island tortoise______________ Resiudo radiata 222 Eke ei Radiated tortoise___________-i-___ Restudowtaoulata so ree South American tortoise__________ HeSeUdoOntonnent ee eae Ss Soft-shelled land tortoise__-__---~ Mestad onwicings 22 = ea Albemarle Island tortoise_________ Trionychidae: AYU. OG FCT O OE EO ER Soft-shelled turtle________________ AMPHIBIA CAUDATA Salamandridae: Salamandra salamandra__________ Salamander. 223000 See Triturus pyrrhogaster___._________ Red-bellied Japanese newt________ Triturus viridescens______-_______ Common newt=2222- 230 ieee Amphiumidae: Amphiuma means_____ Blind, eel or Congo snake_________ Amphiuma tridactylum__________- Blind eel or Congo snake_________ Cryptobranchidae: Cryptobranchus alleganiensis_____ Hellbender2 2222222 22 Sea nae arena Necturidae:
Necturus maculosus__-__ 22 = Mud" puppy2ss2 oe ee eee
2
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 95
SALIBNTIA
Brachycephalidae:
Atelopus varius cruciger__________ Yellow atelopus_______________ + ail
Atelopus varius varius____-----_- NellOw A atelOp Us = se es 6 Discoglossidae :
Bombina bombina_____-__________ Vire-bellied toad__________________ 2 Dendrobatidae :
Dendrobates auratus_____________ Arrow-poison frog____-___________ 30
Dendrobates pumilio __-__________ Redmdendropateseen ss. aula 1 Bufonidae :
BAO AuTi SE See ee ee Green. toad —— 2) Ye ceeds 5
Bufo americanus__---_---__--__-- Common American toad___________ 2
BU OW eCMDUWSUS= 22252 ee Sapo de concha____-_-___________ 15
IBOO. CMH Ie e Marines toad22 24 = eae 4
Bufo peltocephalus________---_--- Cubanciant, toad== ee 10 Ceratophrydae:
Ceratophrys dorsata________-_--__- FVORM eC yt Oe da es Seeks ee See 2 Hylidae:
PNG TISNOMUULWS ooo a ee Cricket fro glass ae ae one 2,
LN CFO Green tree frog___________________ 4
Hyla ceerulea——---- === Australian tree frog---_________-_ v6
Hula -cinered@s22sc-5 22 tb ise et Florida tree frog____--____--__--__ 1
IED: GRUCH IC ED re@e sir O oe een a AO 4
Hyla septentrionalis___-_-_------_- Cuban tree: frog 22 ee eee 17 Pipidae:
Pipa: Qmericana 22 ses tee Smuatine won WOR OL 1
Xenopus mulleri______----+------ Muller’s clawed frog____-____-_____ 5 Ranidae:
ONO GESOPwSa- =e a Gopher frog net 92s 2k 1
Rana catesbeiana____-__--------- BW SROges Se ke ei Piss ee Hee ee 1
Fang clamitans=—— = 222s ee Gree ney fr 0 Oe Me eee ee 1
Rana sphenocephala_____-__-__--_- Southern leopard frog____________ 1
FISHES
PNG OIG OIL CUINE SIMIC WIG UYU = ee eee ss Le ee 5 LBOPOOS SD SSE ae a ee ee ee 8 ISG SUIS Siamese fighting fish_._____________ alt Brachydanion rerio___-_-------------- Aebrartish tetas). Vea Sao 5 Gorydoras aeneus_____-_.--_-____--__ Trinidad armored catfish__________ 4 Corydoras melanistius_______-___---__ ATTN OT CCU GAi ttl Se 1 Electrophorus electricus____-_-_-----_-- TWReCtPIG CC) os Boe! oe we a Nee 1 Helostoma temminckii______---------- INS Oo LE Se 2 ENCMMOGLAMNIMNUS: UNTINEAUS= = a Lek eo Le Lea oe eae ee 1 EC CO RONG LCT OL IVT OS Ca ee a AE RT ete Se Ne 8 Hyphessobrycon bifasciatws______----- Wellow, characin=== ceo eall JEQIDOSUOMOUS Ya ee Armored catfish____--------__-_~_ 1 WOGdanellay lonidae. American flag fish_______-_________ q Kryptopterus bicirrhus__-_----------- Gilossiicaithish= 2s Sc See 4 Lebistes reticulatus_____-__---_-_--____-- Guppy wee2 oe ae ae eee 50 Lepidosiren paradora_-__------------- South American lungfish_-----__--~ 3 CV ORUUUST AGS CUOLUSH Ree, PIL Dein) SEY a eee a es ee ae eee 1 Malopterurus electricus____----------~- Hlectrichcathish== 22s ae 1
Pantodon, -buclihotet_=—— 2 = ‘Buttertly, fishes 22222208 vase ee 1
06 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Platypoecilus maculatus___----------- Goldplatics: 2.2 eee 20
IBHIStCUld PAGlete. oc) 2s ee Be ee ee
Protopterus annectens__________-___-_ AN Beez la IpbOA os 2.
Piterophyllum scalare__-_____-_______- Angel fish_--_- Daa NILE a 4
RUS Oi LC CCT OVC OTD TU eee il cP NN, FDU Bass
Trichogaster trichopterus___________-- Three-spot gouramin = 2 = Eee 3
Xiphophorus hetleritt_._.._.______-.-_-_ Swordtall/ 22 ee eee 12 ARACHNIDS
ORPINGTON 5 Tarantula coo oe 2 hin ay
Latrodectus mactans___-----_---__-___ Black widow spider______________ 4
INSECTS
dL BSIN ORBEA CED! NS 1 eases pes a AUD aR SURV ONE res NE UE Giant cockroach s.)90ssssaaamaee 50: MOLLUSKS
Achatinawvaniegatass saan Giant land snail E CRUSTACEA
Cardisoma guanhumi______-__--______ GreatJand crabi.2 eee I
Respectfully submitted. W. M. Mann, Director. Dr. C. G. Axsor,
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 7 REPORT ON THE ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the activi- ties of the Astrophysical Observatory for the fiscal year ended June 380, 1937:
WORK AT WASHINGTON REVISION OF SOLAR-CONSTANT VALUES
At the beginning of the fiscal year preparations were being made to publish a table of best values of the solar constant of radiation since 1930. This table involved the comparison of results from three field stations, searching for errors of reduction, and examining .the records of each individual day for evidences of imperfect observation or unfavorable sky conditions.
But in considering certain discrepancies it suddenly occurred to the Director that a flaw had been overlooked when he devised the so- called short method of reduction in 1923. It will be recalled that in the years 1903 to 1919 all observations of the solar constant had been made by the fundamental or long method. This involved measure- ments of the intensity of sun rays from early morning until mid- forenoon, and about 2 days of computing to yield one value of the solar constant of radiation. Moreover, if the sky gradually be- came clearer or more hazy during the several hours of observation, the value obtained would be too high or too low, without any means of recognizing this error.
To save work, to avoid error, and to multiply results, the short method was introduced in 1919. Two solar-constant values could be obtained from observations of only 10 minutes’ duration for each, by computations requiring only 1 day for both. In 1923, however, a method occurred to the Director whereby the computing could be almost eliminated, through the use of tables computed once for all. * All through the years which have since elapsed this method has been used. Usually, five values were obtained without undue labor for each day observed.
- But some months ago, as above stated, the Director perceived that
this brief method has a fatal flaw. Without going into technicalities,
the defect consists in this: that if the results of two equally clear days
are to be compared, on one of which the sun actually emits 1 percent 97
O8 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
more intense radiation than on the other, the brief method of 1923. will indeed distinguish the day of more intense radiation, but will show less than the true 1 percent change. Moreover the deficiency of amplitude in solar variation, due to the method of 1928, is greater the more hazy the days, and the lower in altitude the station from which the sun is observed.
Consequently, although the published record of solar variation since 1923 shows solar changes at their right times and in their right directions, the amplitudes of variation found are too small. Also, the hazier stations are at a disadvantage, not only because of their less favorable sky conditions, which naturally give inferior results, but because the method of reduction of 1923 inevitably diminishes the resulting amplitude of the variation of the sun, which they were established to determine, even more than it affects clearer stations.
Our first care was to devise a correct method of reduction, retaining as far as possible the brevity of computation which was the merit of that of 1923. Several months were occupied by the staff at Wash- ington in comparing different proposed methods, checking their results, and at length in computing tables for the one finally selected. This new brief method, although somewhat shorter than the short method used from 1919 to 1923, is far longer than that of 1923. It requires, what was unnecessary for the method of 1923, the complete measurement of the photographic records of observation, just as complete, indeed, as the long method used prior to 1919.
Accordingly, orders were sent to all field stations to have measured, if possible, three bolographs for each day since 1923 when the sun was observed. This heavy task has been to a large degree accom- plished by the field observers.
In the meanwhile, by financial aid of John A. Roebling, and by the assistance of W. P. A., the computing staff at Washington has been much enlarged. Great progress has been made in the rereduc- tion of the solar-constant observations. Mount Montezuma observa- tions since 1932 have been fully recomputed, and several years’ observations at Table Mountain are done. However, it will require many months before the recomputations are fully completed.
SILVER-DISK PYRHELIOMETERS
As in former years, orders have come from foreign lands. for silver-disk pyrheliometers, either new or to be repaired and re- standardized. These instruments are in use at nearly a hundred sta- tions in many countries, in all of the continents of the world, to measure the solar radiation. But nowhere are they used in coopera- tion with the spectroscope, as with us, to make complete determina- tions of the solar constant of radiation.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY Q9
ADDITIONAL SOLAR STATIONS
Great hope had been aroused by favorable action of the Senate in June 1936, with approval of the President and the Bureau of the Budget, that as many as seven additional stations for observing the solar constant of radiation could be established. But the hoped-for appropriation having failed in the House, the item was rejected by the Bureau of the Budget im the estimates for 1938, and with the present stress on economy in Government expenditure seems un- likely to be revived. It is still believed that valuable advance in weather forecasting would follow the accurate daily determination of solar variation, such as might be attained with additional solar- constant stations.
LONG-RANGE FORECASTING, LAKE LEVELS, AND TREE RINGS
Letters have been received nearly every day by the Director from drought-stricken areas, some telling of observations confirmatory of his expectations as to the progress of the drought, but most of them begging for predictions to cover ensuing years. The Director, in his replies, has always pointed out the insecurity of such predic- tions. He has limited himself to referring to indications arising from the history of Great Lakes levels since 1837. These point to a probability that drought conditions in the Northwestern States and neighboring Canada will mend beginning in 1938, but recur in 1975. This view is supported by a record of 400 years’ duration in tree rings at Fairlee, Vt., measured by Professor Lyon, of Dartmouth College. Periodicities of 23, 46, and 92 years are plainly apparent therein, which have close relations to the levels of the Great Lakes.
SOLAR ENGINE
The Director caused to be prepared and tested in September 19386 a solar radiation steam boiler of his design. The machine is repre- sented in the accompanying illustration. It exposed 36 square feet (pl. 7) of mirror surface and was intended to produce about 14 horse- * power at the engine. Cinematograph records were made of it, and by operating an electric generator a short program was broadcast by solar power. However, the device had many defects, and was not in that form practical for utilizing solar radiation for power. <A small solar flash boiler has since been prepared which offers much greater promise.
FIELD WORK
Solar radiation observing stations have been maintained by public funds, supplemented by private resources of the Smithsonian Insti-
100 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
tution, at Table Mountain, Calif.; Montezuma, Chile; and Mount St. Katherine, Egypt. At these three stations the observations to de- termine the solar constant of radiation have been made on all favor- able days. The average number of days per year suitable for these exacting observations is about the same at these three elevated cloud- less desert stations and approaches 80 percent of all days.
PERSONNEL
Frederick EK. Fowle, research assistant, who joined the staff of the Astrophysical Observatory in the year 1894, was retired for dis- ability at the end of the fiscal year. Mr. Fowle has been associated with practically the entire history of the Observatory, and has taken a large part in its observing, computing, theoretical studies, and plans for its work. He will be especially remembered for his re- searches on water vapor and ozone in the atmosphere, for his long investigation of the extreme infrared spectrum of water vapor, and — for his authorship of numerous editions of “Smithsonian Physical Tables”, which enjoy an enviable reputation,
_ Respectfully submitted. C. G. Aspor, Director.
The SrcrEerary,
Smithsonian Institution.
PLATE 7
Secretary's Report, 1937,—Appendix 7
LO
yO
Ss
See a
THE ABBOT SOLAR RADIATION STEAM BOILER IN THE YARD OF THE ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY, SEPTEMBER 1936.
iS Nae
fk
APPENDIX 8
_ REPORT ON THE DIVISION OF RADIATION AND ORGANISMS
' Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the ‘activities of the Division of Radiation and Organisms during the year ended June 30, 1937:
Notable successes have been attained during the year in the studies of photosynthesis, of phototropism, and of special reactions of ultra- violet rays in the economy of various plant forms.
W. H. Hoover published the results of several years’ study of photosynthesis in wheat. This basic study was made with wheat grown in glass tubes of measured temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide content, under nearly monochromatic selected spectral rays of measured intensity.1. Various radiation sources were employed, sometimes the Mazda electric light, sometimes the mercury arc, some- times the sun. The results are of high accuracy. They give to a probable error of only 2 percent in most spectral regions the de- pendence on wave length of the assimilation of carbon dioxide by wheat. The accompanying figure shows that photosynthesis in wheat, starting from zero at the end of the visible red, reaches a high maximum in the red at 6500 A, diminishes through the yellow and green, reaches a subordinate maximum in the blue at 4400 A, and then fades away in the violet.
Mr. Hoover’s work was accomplished by a chemical method of estimating the air content of carbon dioxide. During the year Dr. McAlister has further perfected a spectral absorption method of extraordinary sensitiveness and extreme rapidity for measuring car- bon dioxide concentration in air. The apparatus has been standard- ized by him and has become a tool which bids fair to be of immense value for the detection and measurement, not only of carbon dioxide, but carbon monoxide, and other organic chemical compounds of ex- treme interest in plant physiology, human metabolism, mine explora- tions, and perhaps in other industrial fields. In connection with this apparatus, L. B. Clark has developed an extremely sensitive and rugged thermocouple, the evacuated housing of which is sealed by a bubble window of microscopically thin glass. These beautiful devices together add greatly to the practical success of the spectral absorption
1 Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 95, no. 21, pp. 1-13, figs. 1-4, pls. 1-3, 1937. 101
102 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
method. The new apparatus has been duplicated in our shop for in- tensive use in photosynthetic studies. We expect. to observe photosyn- thesis quantitatively in various families of plants.
Dr. McAlister published preliminary results of a research on time relations in photosynthesis. He showed that intermittent illumina- tion gives very different growth rates depending on the rapidity of intermittance. With alternations of hght and darkness 60 times per second the growth rate over a period of several hours was actually twice as rapid as with continuous illumination of an equal total quan- tity of light supplied. Owing to the practically instantaneous: char- acter of his measurements, he was able, for the first time, in studies
350 300 250 200
150
C02 ABSORPTION
100
50
3500 4500 5500 6500 7500 WAVE LENGTH
FIGuRE 1.—Wave-length assimilation curves.
of plant physiology, to turn on the light and continuously follow what happens in plant growth. Many most interesting observations were recorded.?
In a cooperative research with Dr. Flint, of the United States De- partment of Agriculture, Flint and McAlister examined the efficiency of different wave lengths of light to promote germination in light- sensitive lettuce seed.* Their results tie in most suggestively with the
2 Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 95, no. 24; pp. 1-17, figs. 1-10, pls. 1, 2, 1937. ®* Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 96, no. 2, pp. 1-8, figs. 1, 2, pl. 1, 1937.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 103
curve of chlorophyll absorption. Wave length regions inhibiting germination were found in the blue and in the infrared spectrum.
Dr. E. S. Johnston continued with marked progress his investiga- tions tending to produce normal growth of tomato plants under lab- oratory conditions. The great difficulty 1s to ebtain from artificial sources light of sufficient intensity and proper wave-length distribu- tion. By various ingenious expedients he has to a considerable degree solved the problem.
He also continued phototropic experiments, studying the bending of plants toward the light as well as carbon dioxide assimilation with polarized as compared to normal light. It had been sug- gested that a real difference would be found, but he found none.
With Dr. P. R. Burkholder, of Connecticut College, Dr. Johns- ton investigated the inactivation of plant growth substance by light.4 A very beautiful technique was developed, whereby live tips and half tips of oat seedlings were applied in various ways to decapi- tated oat seedlings in order to determine what are the circum- stances which govern elongation under the influence of light. The results appear to show that under considerable intensities of light the growth hormones are inactivated rather than displaced in pro- ducing the well-known lower stature of illuminated plants as com- ‘pared with plants grown in semidarkness. For further informa- tion see their very interesting paper.
Dr. Meier did much work on the classification of a large col- lection of algae for the National Herbarium. Her own investiga- tions concerned a search for the stimulation of multiplication in algae by ultraviolet rays known to be lethal in doses of sufficient intensity. The research is not finished as yet, but plainly shows great stimulative influence by minute doses of these lethal rays, and that the degree of stimulation is most interestingly connected both with wave length and with the lethal dosage.
The instrument maker, Mr. Fillmen, and the glass technician, Mr. Clark, constructed nip AIPA of vane De use in these inves- tigations.
“Aeseuenillky submitted. : C. G. Aszot, Director. The Srcrerary,
Smithsonian Institution.
4 Smithsonian Misc. Coll., vol. 95, no. 20, pp. 1-14, fig. 1, pls. 1, 2, 1937.
APPENDIX 9 REPORT ON THE LIBRARY
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following report on the activities of the Smithsonian library for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937: )
THE LIBRARY
The library, or library system, of the Smithsonian is made up of 45 libraries, all more or less specialized and independent in their nature and location, but all cooperating under the central purpose of the Institution. They are the Smithsonian deposit in the Library of Congress, which is the main unit of the system; the library of the United States National Museum; the library of the Bureau of American Ethnology; the Smithsonian office hbrary; the library of the Astrophysical Observatory; the library of Radiation and Organisms; the brary of the Freer Gallery of Art; the library of the National Collection of Fine Arts (until recently the National Gallery of Art); the Langley aeronautical library, since 1930 on special deposit in the Library of Congress; the library of the National Zoological Park; and, finally, the 35 sectional libraries of the National Museum. |
PERSONNEL
There were two changes in the permanent staff. Lucile A. Torrey, senior stenographer in the office of the librarian, was appointed to the newly ‘established position of library assistant in the National Collection of Fine Arts, and Mrs. George C. Rodgers was chosen for the vacancy—a position she had formerly held. Carroll M. Martin, assistant messenger in the National Museum library, was transferred to the Social Security Board, and Joseph Salat, Jr., succeeded him.
The temporary assistants were Helen G. Rankin and Margaret Kober. Fifteen workers were also assigned to the library for vari- ous periods by the Works Progress Administration.
EXCHANGE OF PUBLICATIONS
The exchange work of the year brought to the library, as usual, a wealth of publications. These represented most of the 22,714 pack- 104
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 105
-ages received by mail and the 2,226 by the International Exchange Service—a total of 24,940, or an increase of 764 over 1936. Each package contained one or more items. Among the largest sendings were those from the Australian National Research Council, Sydney ; Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft, Berlin; Royal Society of Tas- mania, Hobart; Royal Society of Victoria, Melbourne; Société ‘Géologique de Belgique, Liége; Society for the Preservation of the Fauna of the Empire, “Leesan Verein der Freunde der Naturge- schichte in Mecklenburg, ib agar and Zoological Society of ‘Lond am.
The number of dissertations seated was 5,367, or 1,654 fewer than the year before. Of these, 2,292 were sent 0 te Smithsonian deposit; the other 3,075, being medical in character, were forwarded to the Surgeon General’s library. They came from the Academy of Freiberg, the universities of Basel, Berlin, Bern, Bonn, Braun- schweig, Breslau, Cornell, Delft, Erlangen, Freiburg, Giessen, Heidelberg, Helsingfors, Jena, Johns Hopkins, Kiel, Kénigsberg, Leipzig, Liége, Lund, Lwéw, Marburg, Neuchatel, Pennsylvania, Rostock, Strasbourg, Tiibingen, Utrecht, Wittenberg, Wiirzburg, and Zirich, and the technical schools of Berlin, Braunschweig, Dres- den, Karlsruhe, and Ziirich.
The staff wrote 2,307 letters, most of which had to do with the exchange of publications. They obtained by special correspondence and by search among the Smithsonian duplicates 4,580 volumes and parts needed in various sets, particularly in the Smithsonian deposit and the libraries of the National Museum, Astrophysical Observatory, and National Zoological Park. They also arranged for 262 new exchanges.
It should be noted that, while the number of small sendings received has increased somewhat during recent years, the number of large ones has diminished. This falling off in the large sendings would indicate that the special effort of the employees in the libraries of the Smith- sonian, begun sometime ago, to recheck the main sets for missing numbers and obtain by exchange as many of these as possible while they were still available, has been highly successful, at least so far as the gaps, especially the longer ones, can be filled in this manner. It is reasonable to expect, therefore, that most of the substantial send- ings in the future will not be to fill out old sets, but rather to supply the library with earlier numbers of comparatively new serials needed in the work of the Institution. For the staff in taking up new ex- changes have two aims constantly before them—to serve Smithsonian scientists and to conserve Smithsonian publications. They also, of course, do what they can, in cooperation with the offices of onibiier- tions, no encourage the return of duplicates not wanted by institutions to wine they have been distributed, that these may be used again
106 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
in the exchange work of the Institution. The success of this coopera- tive service the past few years has been noteworthy.
GIFTS
‘There were many gifts during the year. The Philosophical Society of Washington turned ever to the library several thousand copies of its Bulletin to be used for exchange purposes. The Geophysical Laboratory presented 838 miscellaneous publications; the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 525; the American Art Association, Anderson Galleries, 38 priced catalogs of art objects; and both the Anthropological Society and the Biological Society of Wash- ington, a substantial number of journals. The outstanding gift, how- ever, was a collection, numbering nearly 4,500, mainly on botany, that had been part of the working library of the late Dr. Frederick V. Coville, chief botanist of the Department of Agriculture and hon- orary curator of the division of plants in the National Museum. The collection was presented by Mrs. Coville.
Among other important gifts were, Ancient Egyptian Paintings, in three volumes, by Nina M. Davies, with the editorial assistance of Alan H. Gardiner, from John D. Rockefeller, Jr.; Red-Figured Athenian Vases in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, in two volumes, by Gisela M. A. Richter, from the Metropolitan Museum; Catalogue of Hispanic Pottery, by Alice Wilson Frothingham, and Catalogue of Laces and Embroideries, by Florence Lewis May, in the collection of the Hispanic Society of America, from the Society; Index Cata- logue of the Library of the Surgeon General’s Office, fourth series, volume 1 (two copies), from the Army Medical Library; A Cata- Jogue of the Collection of Martinware Formed by Frederick John Nettlefold, together with a Short History of the Firm of R. W. Martin and Brothers of Southhall, by Charles R. Beard, from Fred- erick John Nettlefold; Nel Cinquantenario della Societa Edison, 1884-1934, in four volumes, edited by Giacinto Motta, from the ed- itor; Gregorio Vazquez de Arce y Ceballoz, by Roberto Pizano Res- trepo, from the Government of Colombia; Georg Wilhelm Steller, the Pioneer of Alaskan Natural History, by Leonhard Stejneger, from the author; French Arts and Letters and Other Essays, by W. Francklyn Paris, from the author; An Essex Index, in four vol- umes, compiled by Fred J. Brand, from the compiler; Bibliography and Index of Geology Exclusive of North America, volume 2, by John M. Nickles and Robert B. Miller, and volume 3, by John M. Nickles, Marie Siegrist, and Eleanor Tatge, from Marie Siegrist; Oceanic Birds of South America, in two volumes, by Robert C. Murphy, from the American Museum of Natural History; The Birds of the Malay Peninsula, volume 8, by Herbert C. Robinson and Fred-
REPORT OF THE SECROTARY 107
erick N. Chasen, from Gertrude Abbott; Proboscidea, volume 1, by Henry Fairfield Osborn, from the Osborn Library; Fragments of Entomological History, by Herbert Osborn, from the author; Moss Flora of North America North of Mexico, volume 1, part 1, by A. J. ‘Grout, from the author; Praktikum der Edelsteinkunde, by Georg O. Wild, from Alfred N. Goldsmith; and several publications, in- cluding J. M. W. Turner, by W. L. Wyllie, and the De Luxe Illus- trated Catalogue of Karly American Portraits Collected by Thomas B. Clarke, from Theodore Bolton,
Finally, there were gifts from members and associates of the ‘Smithsonian staff, notably Secretary Abbot and Assistant Secretary Wetmore. Mrs. Charles D. Walcott also gave a large number of items, including two copies of her recently published Illustrations of North American Pitcherplants.
SOME STATISTICS
Acczessions to the various libraries:
Approxi- Pamphlets mate
Volumes a aitchants Total holdin’s
137i) Astrophysical OSenVaAlOn ye ee ee eee eee se eee 326 95 421 9, 197 ‘Bureau of American Ethnology_-_-------.--------------------- PROP a sed Auge 580 51, 000 PiireeraiG alleryiotATt2 2.52228 L [Le eke 629 114 743 12, 674 Hnangley, Aeronautical? . v2 sa lecei ts see ee Be 34 25 59 3, 328 ‘National Collection of Fine Arts____.-_---------------------- 402 355 757 5, 784 WNationvalwviuseume peste ls Te sss ee ee 2 eyes 2, 486 951 | 3,437 207, 142 pNahionaleZoologicalebark=--—- 20 l2 Slee. feel eee ee ee 89 10 99 3, 571 pRadiationandeOrganismss ees eee ae ee 4 3 7 245 ‘Smithsonian deposit, Library of Congress_-_-...------------- 3, 037 2,006 | 5,043 553, 078 Smitdesomianiofice. 24) yee Py | eee ce oh ce cee. Sel 302 21 323 30, 503 PROTA cae peep ba. os bg age waa seers sso thos tet 7, 889 3, 580 11, 469 1 876, 522
1These holdings do not, of course, include the thousands of volumes still unbound, uncataloged, vor. incomplete.
‘The number of periodicals entered was 24,212; of publications cataloged, 6,766; of cards prepared and filed, 28,967; of loans made, 10,995, of which 196 were to libraries outside the Institution and its branches. From the Library of Congress 1,942 publications were ‘borrowed, and from other libraries, 386.
The index of Smithsonian publications was kept up to date; the index of exchange relations was advanced; and the union catalog received considerable attention, as the following table will show:
‘Volumes cataloged___-___--------------------------~------------------ 4, 122 Pamphlets and charts cataloged__—----------------~------------------ 2, 427 New serial entries made ________--__----------_----------------------- 218 Typed cards added to catalog and shelf list-------------------- Ss Re 4, 733
Library of Congress cards added to catalog and shelf list--------__---- 2, 239
108 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
BINDING
More time than usual was spent by the staff in preparing’ periodi-- cals for binding, with the following results: the library of the Na- tional Museum sent to the bindery 1,846 volumes; the library of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1,330; the Smithsonian office li- brary, 271; the library of the Astrophysical Observatory, 189; the library of the National Collection of Fine Arts, 113; and the library of the Freer Gallery of Art, 54. The binding of these 3,803 vol- umes—or all but 106 of them, which were otherwise provided for— was made possible by the deficiency appropriation of $12,000 ap- proved toward the close of 1935. Mention should also be made: of the fact that an experienced binder, assigned to the National. Zoological Park under the W. P. A., bound 389 volumes for the h- brary of the Park and several other libraries of the Smithsonian ;. and of the further fact that this expert and two other W. P. A. workers repaired about 500 books, thus extending their period of usefulness.
OTHER ACTIVITIES
Special attention was given during the year to the libraries of the- National Collection of Fine Arts and the National Zoological Park.. As a consequence, much progress was made in sorting their accumu-- Jations of miscellaneous material and rendering the publications. retained available for use. Many items needed in the files were supplied by the Library of Congress, National Museum, and Smith- sonian Institution.
The work of the 15 W. P. A. employees assigned to the library consisted largely of typing letters, copying cards, repairing books,. putting pamphlets into binders and labeling them appropriately, preparing, mounting, and filing aeronautical clippings, checking and sorting publications, shelving duplicates, recording periodicals, and. assisting with the cataloging.
Smithsonian duplicates were sent, on special exchange, to the Bu- reau of Mines, Ecuador, and the following colleges and universities * Brown, Columbia, Franklin and Marshall, Harvard, Pennsylvania,. Princeton, Rollins, and Yale.
Steps were taken late in the year to provide a third lot of steel shelving for the technological library. When this is installed, it will increase materially the shelf space for this important collection and make possible, it is hoped, the early completion of the reorgani- zation of the libraries in the Arts and Industries Building begun some years ago.
The reference and bibliographical work of the various libraries: of the Institution, which has steadily increased since 1924, reached
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 109
in 1937 a high point of effectiveness, requiring much time from sev- eral members of the staff and involving service, not only to the scientists and associates of the Smithsonian and to other Government employees, but to many inquirers outside of Washington.
NEEDS
The library needs a larger annual allotment for binding, so that this essential activity may be brought and kept up to date. There should also be an increase in the funds available for purchas- ing publications that have a direct bearing on the projects, both present and prospective, of the scientific staff and cannot be found in Washington or obtained by exchange. Two other needs should be considered in due time: more trained catalogers to correct and revise the catalog of the National Museum library and more shelf room for its collections.
Respectfully submitted.
Wiriiam L. Corsin, Librarian.
Dr. C. G. Axsor,
Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
APPENDIX 10 REPORT ON PUBLICATIONS
Sim: I have the honor to submit. the following report on the publications of the Smithsonian Institution and the Government branches under its administrative charge during the year ended June 30, 1937:
The Institution published during the year 16 papers in the series of Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 1 annual report, and pamphlet copies of the 27 articles contained in the report appendix, and 2 special publications.
The United States National Museum issued 1 annual report, 2 bulletins, and 29 Proceedings. papers.
The Bureau of American Ethnology issued 1 annual report and 1 bulletin.
Of the publications there were distributed 144,817 copies, which included 70 volumes and separates of the Smithsonian Contribu- tions to Knowledge, 34,178 volumes and separates of the Smith- sonian Miscellaneous Collections, 23,906 volumes and separates of the Smithsonian Annual Reports, 2,220 Smithsonian special publi- cations, 68,822 volumes and separates of the National Museum publications, 14,708 publications of the Bureau of American Eth- nology, 90 publications of the National Gallery of Art, 110 publica- tions of the Freer Gallery of Art, 24 annals of the Astrophysical Observatory, 16 reports of the Harriman Alaska Expedition, and 673 reports of the American Historical Association.
SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS
Of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, volume 73, there was issued 1 paper; volume 91, 2 papers; volume 95, 12 papers and title page and table of contents; and volume 96, 1 paper, making 16 papers in all, as follows:
VOLUME 73
No. 8. Opinions rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinions 124 to 133. 44 pp. (Publ. 3395.) October 28, 1936.
VOLUME 91
Reports on the collections obtained by the first Johnson-Smithsonian Deep-Sea Expedition to the Puerto Rican Deep.
110
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 111
No. 25. A new Actinian, by Oskar Carlgren. 4 pp., 3 figs. (Publ. 3401.) January 30, 1937.
No. 26. New species of mysidacid crustaceans, by Walter M. Tattersall. 18 pp., 10 figs. (Publ. 3413.) May 7, 1937.
VOLUME 95
No. 18. A comparative study of the labium of coleopterous larvae, by W. H. Anderson. 29 pp., 8 pls. (Publ. 3393.) August 11, 1936.
No. 14. Morphology of the insect abdomen. Part III. The male genitalia (including arthropods other than insects), by R. E. Snodgrass. 96 pp., 29 figs. (Publ. 3396.) October 12, 1936.
No. 15. Further evidence on the dependence of terrestrial temperatures on the variations of solar radiation, by C. G. Abbot. 4 pp., 2 figs. (Publ. 3397.) August 12, 1986.
No. 16. A seventeenth century letter of Gabriel Diaz Vara Calderén, Bishop: of Cuba, describing the Indians and Indian missions of Florida, by Lucy L. Wenhold. 14 pp., 12 pls. (Publ. 3398.) November 20, 1936.
No. 17. A new race of the song sparrow from the Appalachian region, by Alexander Wetmore. 3 pp. (Publ. 3399.) September 26, 1936.
No. 18. Two original photographic negatives of Abraham Lincoln, by Alex- ander Wetmore. 2 pp., 4 pls. (Publ. 3400.) October 16, 1936.
No. 19. Cycles in tree-ring widths, by C. G. Abbot. 5 pp., 1 fig. (Publ. 3402.) December 16, 1936.
No. 20. Inactivation of plant growth substance by light, by Paul R. Burk- holder and Harl 8. Johnston. 14 pp., 2 pls., 1 fig. (Publ. 3403.) February 5,. 1937.
No. 21. The dependence of carbon dioxide assimilation in a higher plant on wave length of radiation, by W. H. Hoover. 13 pp., 3 pls., 4 figs. (Publ. 3406.) February 27, 1937.
No. 22. Third contribution to nomenclature of Cambrian trilobites, by Charles Elmer Resser. 29 pp. (Publ. 3408.) April 5, 1937.
No. 23. On the corrections to be applied to silver-disk pyrheliometry, by C. G. Abbot. T pp. (Publ. 3409.) March 10, 1937.
No. 24. Time course of photosynthesis for a higher plant, by E. D. McAlister. 17 pp., 2 pls., 10 figs. (Publ. 3410.) May 4, 19387.
Title page and table of contents. (Publ. 3415.)
VOLUME 96
No. 2. Wave lengths of radiation in the visible spectrum promoting the germination of light-sensitive lettuce seed, by Lewis H. Flint and E. D. MeAlister. 8S pp., 1 pl., 2 figs. (Publ. 3414.) June 16, 1957.
SMITHSONIAN ANNUAL REPORTS
Report for 1935—The complete volume of the Annual Report of the Board of Regents for 1935 was received from the Public Printer in October 1936.
Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution show-
ing operations, expenditures, and condition of the Institution for the year ending June 30, 1935. xiv-+580 pp., 95 pls., 89 text figs. (Publ. 3348.)
112 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1987
The appendix contained the following papers:
Weather governed by changes in the sun’s radiation, by C. G. Abbot.
Seasonal weather and its prediction, by Sir Gilbert T. Walker.
The sun’s place among the stars, by Walter S. Adams.
The atmospheres of the planets, by Henry Norris Russell.
The surface features of the moon, by F. E. Wright.
The upper atmosphere, by G. M. B. Dobson, D. Se., F. R. 8.
The nature of the cosmic radiation, by Thomas H. Johnson.
What is electricity? by Paul R. Heyl.
New facts about the nucleus of the atom, by Carl D. Anderson.
The approach to the absolute zero of temperature, by F. Simon, D. Phil.
Discovery and significance of vitamins, by Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins, -_P. RB. S.
The salinity of irrigation water, by Carl S. Scofield.
Selenium absorption by plants and their resulting toxicity to animals, by Annie M. Hurd-Karrer. ' ¢
The glacial history of an extinct voleano, Crater Lake National Park, by Wallace W. Atwood, Jr.
Concretions—freaks in stone, by R. S. Bassler.
Biology and human trends, by Raymond Pearl.
The relation of genetics to physiology and medicine, by Thomas Hunt Morgan.
Conservation of the Pacific halibut, an international experiment, by William F. “Thompson.
The swallowtail butterflies, by Austin H. Clark.
Those ubiquitous plants called algae, by Florence E. Meier.
The Boulder Canyon project, by Wesley R. Nelson.
Wings over the sea, by Louis Blériot.
The coming of man from Asia in the light of recent discoveries, by AleS “Hrdliéka.
The antiquity of man in America in the light of archeology, by N. C. Nelson.
A survey of southwestern archeology, by Frank H. H. Roberts, Jr.
Nuzi and the Hurrians: The excavations at Nuzi (Kirkuk, Iraq) and their ‘contribution to our knowledge of the history of the Hurrians, by Robert H. ‘Pfeiffer.
The ruins of Tenampua, Honduras, by Dorothy H. Popenoe.
Report for 1936.—The report of the Secretary, which included the financial report of the executive committee of the Board of Regents, and will form part of the annual report of the Board of Regents to ‘Congress, was issued in January 1937.
Report of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution and financial report of the executive committee of the Board of Regents for the year ending June 30, 1936. 107 pp., 2 pls. (Publ. 3404.)
The report volume, containing the general appendix, was in press at the close of the year.
SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS
Explorations and field work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1936. 100 pp., 98 figs. (Publ. 3407.) April 6, 1937.
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 113
Statement to the Smithsonian Board of Regents on 10 years of ‘Smithsonian affairs, by Secretary C. G. Abbot. 10 pp. (Publ. 8412.) April 1987.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM
The editorial work of the National Museum has continued during the year under the immediate direction of the editor, Paul H. Oehser. There were issued 1 annual report, 2 bulletins, 1 volume of the Pro- ‘ceedings, and 29 separates from Proceedings volumes 83 and 84, as follows:
MUSEUM REPORT
Report on the progress and condition of the United States Na- tional Museum for the year ended June 30, 1986. 8vo, 1i+115 pp., January 14, 1937.
PROCEEDINGS: VOLUME 83
Complete volume:
Proceedings of the United States National Museum, Vol. 83, 8vo, viii+617 -pp., 37 pls., 71 figs.
Separates:
No. 2990. A revision of the chaleid flies of the genus Perilampus Latreille occurring in America north of Mexico. By M. T. Smulyan. Pp. 369-412. «October 16, 1936.
No. 2991. Pyenogonids from Puget Sound, By Harriet I. Exline. Pp. 413— 422, fig. 33. July 9, 1936.
No. 2992. California Crustacea of the order Cumacea. By Carl Zimmer. ‘Pp. 423-489, figs. 34-39. August 27, 1936.
No. 2993. A comparison of the shallow-water sponges near the Pacific end of the Panama Canal with those at the Caribbean end. By M. W. deLauben- fels. Pp. 441-466, figs. 40-45, July 31, 1936.
No. 2994. New species of polychaetous annelids of the family Nereidae from ‘California. By Olga Hartman. Pp. 467-480, figs. 46-53. July 11, 1936.
No. 2995. Four new species of Chalcidoidea parasitic on cactus insects, By A.B. Gahan. Pp. 481-486. August 7, 1936.
No. 2996. The Tertiary Foraminifera of the genera Operculina and Opercu- linoides from North America and the West Indies. By T. Wayland Vaughan -and W. S. Cole. Pp. 487-496, pls. 35-38. October 8, 1936.
No. 2997. Review of the seahorses (Hippocampus) found on the coasts of the American continents and of Europe. By Isaac Ginsburg. Pp. 497-594, figs. 54-71. January 18, 1937.
Title page, table of contents, and index. Pp. i-viii, 595-617. March 17,
1937. VOLUME 84
Separates:
No. 2998. Report on the fishes collected by H. C. Raven in Lake Tanganyika ‘in 1920. By George S. Myers. Pp. 1-15, pl. 1. September 24, 1936.
No. 2999. The ichneumon-flies of the genus Brachycyrtus Kriechbaumer. By R. A. Cushman. Pp. 17-24, figs. 1-4. September 26, 1936.
No. 3000. New cottid fishes from Japan and Bering Sea. By Rolf L. Bolin. Pp. 25-38, figs. 5-8. October 10, 1936.
114 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
No. 3001. Revision of North American beetles of the staphylinid subfamily © Tachyporinae—Part I: Genus Tachyporus Gravenhorst. By Richard EK. Black- welder. Pp. 39-54. November 17, 1936.
No. 3002. Revision of the fishes of the family Microdesmidae, with descriptions of a new species. By Earl D. Reid. Pp. 55-72, pl. 2, figs. 9-12. December 10, 1936.
No. 3003. Two new species of hawks from the Miocene of Nebraska. By Alexander Wetmore. Pp. 73-78, figs. 18, 14. November 3, 1986.
No. 3004. A new North American mason-wasp from Virginia, with notes on allied forms. By Joseph Bequaert. Pp. 79-87, fig. 15. November 24, 1936.
No. 3005. The nest of Odynerus tempiferus var. macio Bequaert, with notes on the habits of the wasps. By Austin H. Clark and Grace A. Sandhouse. Pp. 89-95. November 24, 19386.
No. 3006. Crested millipeds of the family Lysiopetalidae in North America, with descriptions of new genera and species. By H. F. Loomis. Pp. 97-135, pls. 3, 4, figs. 16-18. May 15, 1937.
No. 3007. Notes on phallostethid fishes. By George 8S. Myers. Pp. 1387-148. January 6, 1937.
No. 3008. The deep-sea zeomorph fishes of the family Grammicolepidae. By George S. Myers. Pp. 145-156, pls. 5-7. January 18, 1937.
No. 8009. New North American species of earthworms of the family Megas- colecidae. By Frank Smith. Pp. 157-181. January 8, 1937.
No. 3010. Observations on the trematode genus Brachycoelium Dujardin. By. Elon E. Byrd. Pp. 183-199, pls. 8,9. April 7, 1937.
No. 3011. New muscoid flies (Diptera) in the United States National Museum... By David G. Hall. Pp. 201-216, figs. 19-26. April 6, 1937.
No. 3012. The pupa of Myocera tabanivora Hall (Diptera). By Charles T. Greene. Pp. 217-218, fig. 27. April 6, 1937.
No. 3013. A new subspecies of the nymphalid butterfly Polygonia faunus. By Austin H. Clark. Pp. 219-222, pl. 10. April 9, 1937.
No. 3014. A new species of trematode from the mud-eel (Siren lacertina). By C. Courson Zeliff. Pp. 223-226, pl. 11. May 4, 1937.
No. 3015. Mexican fossil Echini. By Robert Tracy Jackson. Pp. 227-237, pls. 12-15. June 12, 1937.
No. 3016. Two new beetles of the family Mordellidae from orchids. By Hugene Ray. Pp. 289-241. April 21, 1937.
No. 3018. A revision of the clapper rails (Rallus longirostris Boddaert). By Harry C. Oberholser. Pp. 318-354. June 30, 1937.
No. 3020. Synopsis of the Puerto Rican beetles of the genus Mordellistena, with descriptions of new species. By Eugene Ray. Pp. 389-399, fig. 28. June 26, 1937.
BULLETINS
No, 153, part 2. Birds collected by the Childs Frick expedition to Ethiopia and Kenya Colony: Passeres. By Herbert Friedmann. xii-+-506 pp., 14 pls., 30° figs. (colored frontispiece). June 25, 1937.
No. 167. Life histories of North American birds of prey. Part 1: Order Falconiformes. By Arthur Cleveland Bent. viii+409 pp., 102 pls. May 3, 1937.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
The editorial work of the bureau has continued under the immediate direction of the editor, Stanley Searles. During the year one annual report and one bulletin were issued, as follows:
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 115
Fifty-third Annual Report on the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1935-36. 8 pp. Bulletin 114. Fox miscellany. By Truman Michelson. 124 pp., 9 figs.
REPORT OF THE AMERICAN HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION
The annual reports of the American Historical Association are transmitted by the association to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution and are communicated by him to Congress, as provided by the act of incorporation of the association.
Volume I of the report for 1935 and volume III of the report for 1931 (Writings on American History, 1932) were issued during the year. The annual report for 1936, volume I, and Writings on American History, 1933 and 1934, were in press at the close of the year.
REPORT OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY, DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
The manuscript of the Thirty-ninth Annual Report of the Na- tional Society, Daughters of the American Revolution, was trans- mitted to Congress, in accordance with law, December 3, 1936.
ALLOTMENTS FOR PRINTING
The congressional allotments for the printing of the Smithsonian Annual Reports to Congress and the various publications of the Government bureaus under the administration of the Institution were virtually used up at the close of the year. The appropriation for the coming year ending June 30, 1938, totals $65,000, allotted as follows:
Smithsonmianweln stitution ta. 2 22 ee eh ee $12, 500 DNV eaiter 10 2 AUT SS a alee as ee 30, 000 Bureaupot American Hthnology22 2-2) ee 13, 300 International Hxchange Service____-_____----------------_-__------_- 200 Nationally Zoological | Parke 2c ee ee 200 NStrophiysicallmi Observatory. 2220 222 a a ee 400 American Historical Association-__-_-----------_------------_-----_- 8, 000 Nationale C@ollection of Mine Arts-.2----- a 400
Respectfully submitted. W. P. Trur, Hditor. Dr. C. G. Axsor, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution.
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REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE SMITH- SONIAN INSTITUTION
FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1937
To the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution:
Your executive committee respectfully submits the following re- port in relation to the funds of the Smithsonian Institution, to- gether with a statement of the appropriations by Congress for the Government bureaus in the administrative charge of the Institution.
SMITHSONIAN ENDOWMENT FUND
The original bequest of James Smithson was £104,960 8s 6d—
$508,318.46. Refunds of money expended in prosecution of the
claim, freights, insurance, etec., together with payment into the
fund of the sum of £5,015, which had been withheld during the
lifetime of Madame de la Batut, brought the fund to the
EVN @ULTNG CO Be Sa con a ee i rn ne ne MES $550, 000. 00 Since the original bequest the Institution has received gifts from
various sources chiefly in the years prior to 1893, the, income
from which may be used for the general work of the Institution. To these gifts has been added capital from savings on income,
gain from sale of securities, ete., bringing the total endowment
for general purposes to the amount of___--___________________ 1, 182, 868. 57
~The Institution holds also a number of endowment gifts, the income of each being restricted to specific use. These are invested and stand on the books of the Institution as follows:
Arthur, James, fund, income for investigations and study of
Ssunwand lecture-on*the ‘sun s2— === 2 $39, 993. 48. Bacon, Virginia’ Purdy, fund,’ for a traveling scholarship to
investigate fauna of countries other than the United States___ 50, 101. 00 Baird, Lucy H., fund, for creating a memorial to Secretary Baird_ 13, 489. 06 Barstow, Frederic D., fund, for purchase of animals for the
Zoological Park ~____--_____ NS SN A AEE MAY IU MARBLE Ec a 760. 67 Canfield Collection fund, for increase and care of the Canfield
collection) of smineralst. 36. 1 O00 Te ae eee nese 38, 247. 22 Casey, Thomas L., fund, for maintenance of the Casey collec-
tion and promotion of researches relating to Coleoptera______ 7, 728. 33 Chamberlain, Francis Lea, fund, for increase and promotion of
Isaae Lea collection of gems and mollusks___----_________-__ 28, 160. 59: Hillyer, Virgil; fund, for increase and care of Virgil Hillyer
collection) of lighting objects s--- = =. sees a ee 6, 572. 25
Hodgkins fund, specific, for increase and diffusion of more exact knowledge in regard to nature and properties of atmospheric ss AU UE a ei eg a A) VAI gag AE 100, 000. OC 117
118 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Special Research fund, gift, in form of real estate__________-___-- $20, 946. 00 Hughes, Bruce, fund, to found Hughes alcove_------------____- 15, 150. 12
Myer, Catherine Walden, fund, for purchase of first-class works
of art for the use of, and benefit of, the National Gallery of Art__ 18, 956. 10° Pell, Cornelia Livingston, fund, for maintenance of Alfred Duane .
Pelli collection# Ue ee 2, 413. 55
Poore, Lucy T., and George W., fund, for general use of the In-
stitution when principal amounts to the sum of $250,000___-_- 67, 717. 14 Reid, Addison T., fund, for founding chair in biology in memory
OE AS re ree Dara Ss eae pe 29, 084. 86 Roebling fund, for care, improvement, and increase of Roebling
Collection of (mineralshei es Vai eC ee 120, 682. 75 Rollins, Miriam and William, fund for investigations in physics
amd). Che mi Str ye a ee ee 52, 902. 67 Springer, Frank, fund, for care, ete., of Springer collection and
TA) 6 yea a a at SR PN OE i SD 17, 932. 90
Walcott, Charles D., and Mary Vaux, research fund, for develop- ment of geological and paleontological studies and publishing
results thereof s20 3.6 pep eae ee Ee yaa eg weaves 10, 736. 20 Younger, Helen Walcott, fund, held in trust_______--________-___ 50, 112. 50 Zerbee, Frances Brincklé, fund, for endowment of aquaria____~- 761. 08
Total endowment for specific purposes other than Freer (avo Konig cove) 01 Bann eC ivatM Iee e ee e e 692, 448. 47
The capital funds of the Institution, except tae aaa funds, are invested as follows:
Fund Wnited Consolidated| Separate Total Treasury fund fund p ANS ANDI, IEENOO SS es ey ote a $39, 993. 48 |_.---------- $39, 993. 48 Bacon Wirginiasburdye sess 222222 eae es ener se ees 50} LOTS O0f|2Ek— Sess eee 50, 101. 00 IBAIRG SGU Cys Eee ee eee ee oe |e aee eee 135489506) 13, 489. 06 Barstow, red eric) D ass seen eee ce ee ees (eee eae ee WEO567%C)| = eb eee He 760. 67 GantieldkC ollection a ae ees een eereotaes 38;:24 7223) 20 ee 38, 247. 22 CASEY A OM AS li see ee ee ee | Seana ae MG eS a oo | eae ees 7, 728. 33 @Ghamberlain2] === 52 Fae 2 ees. ee ets eee 28 1CON5Or Bees eee 28, 160. 59 DEV Cae eb oll ee eee ee wees an noenen eee 635725204 | oo ase 6, 572.25 VE a6 ed esa us) OLE L CNY A a pe STOO OOO ee ae Sea een 100, 000. 00 SpeciallResearchi. oop ee ese ee eee 22 a eS Se |e Tee $20, 946. 00 20, 946. 00 1S [ofed aY Ske} BY LO Ker s) ses ap a A ee oo eeeesoos 1 WO ee ese 15, 150. 12 Miyer’t Catherine Wieccoret eitae Sa SS SE oceans 1859567105 eee 18, 956. 10 PeliNConnelialwivingston ss ee eee | eee oes 27413555) [woe tee eee 2, 413.55 Poore, Lucy T., and George W--------------------- 26, 670 CO oales | Seemeer es 67, 717. 14 Reid; Addison T\- 2 225. Seo ae seen. Sea ae 11, 000 13, 584. 86 4, 500. 00 29, 084. 86 Roeblin ge Collection eas ase ee en | Seen eae T2ON68 25:75) | pee eee 120, 682. 75 Rollins!) Miriam and William) 22-202 22 = eee 43, 402. 67 9, 500. 00 52, 902. 67 Smithsonian unrestricted: : Specigl ee SRR at sea ie eee ea eee ee cee eee atte 1, 400. 00 1, 400. 00 VA VO TI So eS eNO RL ee 14, 000 30, 2oON Oba seeees eee 51, 236. 81 ISCO WIM eT Ge ee ere tee eae Ie a 1935460503) Soeeaee eee 1938, 460. 03 Habel 22 yeaa er es ea HOOK E. TO Ce eed ee 500. 00 iEachtember gas n cae ies OE Ce see ee ee 4° 0215 50))| pete aeeceeeet 4, 021. 50 TEN TRVA GOT ee RB eS SE AES 2, 500 40368 ee ee eee 2, 903. 68 OTT ye I aT a area ee Le Se 1, 209. 42)2 s2ece us 1, 209. 42 odgkinsi(general) 22 shana ek a ee ee 116, 000 SOF223 512 | eee 146, 223. 12 1 BEN (GH 5 fe SLT SSA a rt 727, 640 T2203 783) sere 728, 860. 78 TUTE es a IES Cs oes eran SNe on eI RR 590 473KOT) ese Pes 1, 063. 07 Sanford yee eae SR a RE Re 1, 100 S90F IG ease eee 1, 990. 16 Fea mabayeg sy es yee as EE ARR SERN UO a i eae 175982: 90; |Phehots. Bes 17, 932. 90 Walcott, CharlesiD wand Niary Vaux ee eee eee LON (36s 20 yl eee eee 10, 736. 20 Younger; Helen Walcott: 2m se | ee ne Se = ee 50, 112. 50 50, 112. 50 Zerbeehran ces Brink Cates eee ee nn ee ene ee TETAS | tae eae 761. 08
Total! iiglaivtch, Svea eee ide hil 1,000,000 | 738, 858.54 | 86,458.50 | 1,825, 317. 04
REPORT OF PXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 119 FREER GALLERY OF ART FUND
Early in 1906, by deed of gift, Charles L. Freer, of Detroit, gave to the Institution his collection of Chinese and other oriental objects of art, as well as paintings, etchings, and other works of art by Whistler, Thayer, Dewing, and other artists. Later he also gave funds for the construction of a building to house the collection, and finally, in his will, probated November 6, 1919, he provided stock and securities to the estimated value of $1,958,591.42 as an endowment fund for the operation of the gallery. From the above date to the present time these funds have been increased by stock dividends, savings of income, etc., to a total of $4,881,986.96. In view of the importance and special nature of the gift and the requirements of the testator in respect to it, all Freer funds are kept separate from the other funds of the Institution, and the accounting in Besiece to them is stated separately.
The invested funds of the Freer bequest are classified as follows:
© Opn ryt cD CLS OUT TLS fica he a _. $546, 932.11 Court and grounds maintenance fund__________-_-_____________ 137, 506. 17 UTS AN Tepes UIT Cleese reer eee ee ATS i he 556, 567. 59 esiduanys levacys ose a ee SI sls Boao sah oig eae eae 3, 640, 981. 09 GING EPS A ele SY atte Ee Bene. Hfoe areal Tes 4, 881, 986. 96 SUMMARY Invested endowment for general purposes______________-_______ $1, 182, 868. 57 Invested endowment for specific purposes other than Freer endowments ya 2 Pee EUS SNA Igo AVS oat ar NC LWA Ls Sh 692, 448. 47
Total invested endowment other than Freer endowment__ 1, 825, 317. 04 Freer invested endowment for specific purposes___——----__-__ 4, 881, 986. 96
Total invested endowment for all purposes________-_____ 6, 707, 304. 00
CLASSIFICATION OF INVESTMENTS
Deposited in the U. S. Treasury at 6 percent per annum, as
authorized in the United States Revised Statutes, sec. 5591__ $1, 000, 000. 00 Investments other than Freer endowment (cost or
market value at date acquired) :
Bonds (19 different groups) —~--------__------- $300, 367. 31 Stocks (41 different groups) —--------~-_ __ 474,721.18 Real estate and first-mortgage notes_______-__-~_ 41, 746. 00 Wninvested capital. = 8, 482. 55 825, 317. 04 Total investments other than Freer endowment________ 1, 825, 317. 04
22606-—37—9
120 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
Investments of Freer endowment (cost or market value at date acquired) :
Bonds (44 different groups) —--------------- $2, 379, 555. 938 Stocks (54 different groups) —--------------- 2, 449, 697. 40 Real estate first-mortgage notes_______--___ 24, 500. 00 Wminvestedicapitale= ea 28, 233. 63 $4, 881, 986. 96 Total investments_____-_-__-__ BSA ia'e A eee EEN 6, 707, 304. 00
CASH BALANCES, RECEIPTS, AND DISBURSEMENTS DURING THE FISCAL YEAR 4
Cash balance on hand June 30, 1936_----------_------_______- $222, 452. 43 Receipts: Cash income from various sources for general work of the Institution==2-— $72, 439. 29
Cash gifts and contributions expendable for
special scientific objects (not to be invested) 33, 440. 45 Cash gifts for special scientific work (to be in-
VieSCC Cl) ess te eae cease cane cael) | deli BY eae he 105. 00 Cash income from endowments for specific use
other than Freer endowment and from miscel-
laneous sources (including refund of tempo-
TSEDISY i EV CLIVE TAGS) Ip soca eee 64, 517. 29 Cash received as royalties from Smithsonian Sci- entifie Series: 20 2 iT eg 40, 793. 33 Cash capital from sale, call of securities, ete. (to OL GOTMVES ECC) pai a a a 52, 674. 65 Total receipts other than Freer endowment___-________ 263, 970. 01 Cash receipts from Freer endowment, income PE OMMUPLINVES ELE TES © Cae ee rea en oe en eo $280, 969. 53 Cash capital from sale, call of securities, etc. (to HEME IMVESTCC) jee eee ey ae se a 754, 715. 98 Total receipts from Freer endowment____-----------___ 1, 035, 685. 51 y 11 a 2] Re eneeeaa un erp see ete sorte) BSS AMON CAC MN EAE A ee 1, 522, 107. 95 Disbursements : From funds for general work of the Institution: Buildings, care, repairs, and alterations__-__~ $4, 717. 66 Murniture: and fixtures 2222) eee 570. 51 General ‘administration 222202 oe ae 28, 464. 76 MSD Tee yess Ie ERR A PIE 2,101. 26 Publications (comprising preparation, print- INS) ANG! CISC DUtLOM) ae 14, 639. 95 Researches and explorations______-______-~__~- 27, 254. 20 International Wxchanges—-______-__-________ 3, 263. 08
81, 011. 42
1This statement does not include Government appropriations under the administrative charge of the Institution. 2 This includes salary of the Secretary and certain others.
REPORT OF HXECUTIVE COMMITTER 121
Disbursements—Continued. From funds for specific use, other than Freer en- dowment:
Investments made from gifts, from gain from sale, etc., of securities and from savings on
TCO MC ae ee ak Do ek $26, 168. 15 Other expenditures, consisting largely of re- search work, travel, increase and care of special collections, etc., from income of en- dowment funds and from cash gifts for specific use (including temporary ad-
VANCES) 2 Paes Bae ee EE SLO © 78, 947. 71 Reinvestment of cash capital from sale, call Of, Securities) eles ae ios ae Sa ees 44, 383. 42
Cost of handling securities, fee of investment counsel, and accrued interest on bonds pur- (COE VSS tea eS lH NE 2, O79. 24
Ol iw)
$151, 578.
=I
Ol
From Freer endowment:
Operating expenses of the gallery, salaries,
field expenses, ete_________-_--__-----_--- 49, 422.18 Purchase of art objects____-___-_____________ 141, 942. 96 Investments made from gain from sale, etc.,
GEV SCCUTTTES AENEAN tae Sa Tf 230, 665. 78 Reinvestment of cash capital from sale, call
of; LSecurities, * ete eeu Leo wilh seh piso 490, 327. 70 Cost of handling securities, fee of investment
counsel, and accrued interest on bonds pur-
EXOT E 0 LS 8 yes eo ete ph aE 9 RN 22, 864. 69
935, 223.31 \
Cashwoalance: dune oO) 193i 222 = SS ee Se ee 354, 294. 70
ERG Gaile tai ete SS Oe SS Se EE ES 1, 522, 107. 95
EXPENDITURES FOR RESEARCHES IN PURE SCIENCE, PUBLICATIONS, EXPLORA- TIONS, CARE, INCREASE, AND STUDY OF COLLECTIONS, ETC.
i
Expenditures from general funds of the Institution:
eR NCA ons ee tals oe a ee $17, 090. 34 Researches and explorations_____-__-____-__--=--_ 27, 254. 20 $44, 344. 54 HWxpenditures from funds devoted to specific purposes: Researches and explorations___________---___-_--_- 49, 757. 28 Care, increase, and study of special collections____-- 10, 787. 39 A EADY GS BL See, ErCOy S geI I e 5, 606. 02 ————— 66, 150. 69 otal eet Dae ewmbee E alla eer Seedy sels chen alee eee 110, 495. 23
banks such revenues as may be spared temporarily has been con- tinued during the past year, and interest on these deposits has amounted to $1,249.26.
122 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1937
The Institution gratefully acknowledges guile or ediieois from the following:
Dr. William L. Abbott, portion of bequest left to the Smithsonian Institution.
Friends of Dr. Albert S. Hitchcock, for. establishment and care of a library in his name.
Edith C. Long, bequest for care of collection of laces, ete., presented to the Institution. ;
Mr. John A. Roebling, further contributions for researches in radiation. Mrs. Mary Vaux Walcott, for certain publications and purchase of specimens. Research Corporation, further contributions for researches in radiation.
The Garden Club of America, the Amateur Gardener’s Club of Baltimore, the Herb Society of America, and others, for the publishing of the Badianus Manuscript.
All payments are made by check, signed by the Secretary of the Institution on the Treasurer of the United States, and all revenues are deposited to the credit of the same account. In many instances deposits are placed in bank for convenience of collection and later are withdrawn in round amounts and deposited in the Treasury.
The foregoing report relates only to the private funds of the Institution.
The following annual appropriations were made by, Congress for the Government bureaus under the administrative charge of the Smithsonian Institution for the fiscal year 1987:
Salaries: Fam di SxSW Ses ee wh eal A ATE ee AIBN cI $36, 330
Greys ep ae Hpi Kay awed Lins Pb: ove aM exes) eS DON AR ea A 44, 260
American Ethnology____- CE PCN NaS ES EY aly 58, 730
IAStrophysicaly Observatory se. 22 me nS Ee eh ee 30, 850
National Museum:
MMaintenancesand operation=— 022 eee $134, 390 iPreservationwor collectionges=] 22a ae ee 604, 580
— 738, 970
National’Galery of LARGE HOUNDS i WE BOA BOW ~~ 34, 275
Printing ‘ang ybind ime. 7 yee sea eee ee ee Sey 55, 500!
National:Zoologicalw Parkes. 202200 ei a eee 225, 000
FESO ETA OOO RE iO EB a eR 1, 223, 915
The expositions at Cleveland, Ohio, and Dallas, Tex., were con- tinued from last year and the following allotments made for par- ticipation therein by the Smithsonian Institution :
Great Lakes ‘Hxposition. 19387 and 193s 2 Se Gite DES eee $350 ° Greater Texas and Pan American Exposition_______________ Cue Lee 5, 000
An allotment of $500 was also made to enable the Smithsonian Institution to place an exhibit in the International Exposition held in Paris, France. iH OO
1Name changed to National Collection of Fine Arts by Public Res. 14, 75th Cong., Ist sess., approved Mar. 24, 1937.
REPORT OF EXECUTIVE*COMMITTEE 123
The report of the audit of the Smithsonian private funds is printed below: AUGUST 27, 1987. HXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, BOARD OF REGENTS, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.
Stirs: Pursuant to agreement we have audited the accounts of the Smith- sonian Institution for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937, and certify the bal- ance of cash on hand, including petty cash fund, June 30, 1937, to be $356,194.70.
We have verified the record of receipts and disbursements maintained by the Institution and the agreement of the book balances with the bank balances.
We have examined all the securities in the custody of the Institution and in the custody of the banks and found them to agree with the book records.
We have compared the stated income of such securities with the receipts of record and found them in agreement therewith.
We have examined all vouchers covering disbursements for account of the Institution during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1937, together with the author- ity therefor, and have compared them with the Institution’s record of expendi- tures and found them to agree.
We have examined and verified the accounts of the Institution with each trust fund. é
We found the books of account and records well and accurately kept and the securities conveniently filed and securely cared for.
All information requested by your auditors was promptly and courteously furnished.
We certify the balance sheet, in our opinion, correctly presents the financial condition of the Institution as at June 30, 1937.
Respectfully submitted.
WILLIAM LL. YAEGER & Co., WILLIAM L. YAEGER, Certified Public Accountant.
Respectfully submitted.
Frepertc A. DELANO, R. Watton Moore, JoHN C. Merriam,
Executive Committee.
ee ie