an LVI e mr nyin > mov tlh Pept t Bae tb epee LASSER PE tae Piensa. Re SUSRGELLUNARD, MSBERSERENN TIT LLP ITTY SPIT ar SA sh 4 eda ds Sang RA) ASSP api SRLS: Arts 8s ok SUCRE Occ MRSRRE APRS UC SSW Pee RUE NS ad PHI) PEDO RY SePil Fish Caer ss Oo ny OU a SS pe itag 5 NSU: A A ue ay. he ad - ~*~ ——— = aS Se > ee) eats iS See] — ia ere = exe ib Ae hears elie elt Pi i een see dS) 0 t 5 i Sp Name da tal ape ataabe areas Bair 6 Bn Pade aka mae hm sR ft i . ee: : De se b i ¥ dither ee ee f ity x . Pentti oe: . = +. te » a SaliuVvd G7a!l4 ABAUNS TvVH3Ga4 GNV Alvis JO SYaLYWNOAVAH wYALSAO,, LYVOSASNOH AHL THIRD REPORT OF THE SHELL FISH COMMISSION OF MARYLAND _ PRESS OF GEORGE W. KING PRINTING COMPANY A 31 S. HOWARD STREET BALTIMORE, MD. SHELL FISH COMMISSIONERS. WaA_tTER J. MITCHELL, Chairman, La Plata. CASWELL GRAVE, Secretary, Baltimore. (Johns Hopkins University. ) BENJAMIN K. GREEN, Treasurer, Westover. CHitr 'CEERK: J. D. GarpIner, Bryantown. ASSISTANT CLERKS. SAMUEL A. Harper, St. Michaels. DANIEL H. CARROLL, OF P., Bel Air. HYDROGRAPHIC ENGINEER. SWEPSON EARLE, Centreville. REPORT. BattimorE, Mp., December 31, I910. To His Excellency Austin L. Crothers, Governor of the State of Maryland, and Members of the General Assembly of Maryland of 1912. In accordance with the requirements of Section 119 of Chapter 711 of the Acts of 1906, the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners respectfully submits its third report. WALTER J. MITCHELL, Chairman. CASWELL GRAVE, Secretary. BENJAMIN K. GREEN, Treasurer. TABLE OF CONTEN'LS. Page. PRECLE LAG tens Uo mraitiiiteea ete eae ee eo earn ykecebidens eta oi eN aL tnt tes ese) Ae SY gS) hl ad 4 Introduction— Bublications oR eporistandyOWAarts cs sae cdc weds Sulake iene aise eek 1 Co-Operation: U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, U. S. Bureau of Fish- eries, State Fishery Force, County Commissioners, Hon. John Gill, And sb altinoren Cleve pLressia cits, ses selects oe uate « Hake kit ainie Sieraee Lhe Haman Oyster Culture Law: Object, Survey..............0.-ceceee Meiariion Gia Natal OWSECE AT i ares ne sce os ols Sec ossne bre DG slo etlers wieesletbe 3 10 Natural Bar Not Defined, Diversity of Opinion, The Goldsbor- ough definition, Application of Definition. Factors of the Definition: The “Livelihood” Factor, Average Price of Oysters, Average Number of Oysters per Bushel, Length of Oyster Season, The Unit of Tonging Operations, Area of Bottom Covered by Oystermen, Minimum Number Oysters per Square Yard Required to Yield Livelihood. Methods of Oyster Survey— MMO LIMAL OMe HMEEMIS MEME axneesnectr. © 2 ko eoveeste aes artes akc 2 oak Sah ae cae 15 st OT NY OOO KST OT Rea Os TS ana y are o Elc ita Che RUMP eRe etna et ee eet LO ea 15 Boats, Houseboat “Oyster,” Instruments. OR SANIZ AIO MES Ne onih oe oat he Ne etalon nein Hi eiieh cee ea icemen es ds 18 Wet OO Sips ie ciakeevenses cick Ag aloe ch Goce Brot a cited Has eS ty EL Fe Oe NE Bet ee te Cea ok 18 Lines of Soundings, Use of Chain-Wire Apparatus, Location on Charts of Position at Which Observations Taken, Records, Selection of Examination Stations. Report of Surveys and Hxaminations of Oyster Grounds— GT ie Une eee uae ae MRR eel uy Ue TGS Sag 26 Plan of Report, Distinguishing Features of Maryland Oyster Survey, Names of Practical Oystermen Employed to Conduct Examinations; Observations on: Rate of Flow of Currents, Density of Water, Food Value of Water; Plan for Estimating Condition of Oyster Grounds, Statistics Showing Number of Licenses Issued to Oystermen. peake Bay, Effects of Freshets on Oysters as Indicated by Per Cent. of Dead Oyster (“boxes”) on the Bars, Statistical Table. on SLL MSU 0 Roby Pe ea at COSTE TO A 34 Introduction, Description of Results and Conclusions from Work in Chester River, Lankfords Bay, Grays Inn Creek, East Neck Bay, Swan Creek and Chesapeake Bay; Statistical Tables. the Upper Bay “Lumps” Problem and the Cull Law..................... 48 Introduction; The Case as Reported; Public Attitude Toward Violations of the Cull Law ; The Case as Developed by the Survey ; Statistical Table; Discussion; A Proposed Solution. 6 Table of Contents. Queen Anne’s™ County 222 4.15 (.a0s cine oterate ol mnialieintatnyas« ab) pheolidioinie wlereielaivigie/= = ... 54 Introduction; Description of Results and Conclusions from Work in the Wye Rivers, Miles River, Eastern Bay, Prospect Bay and Kent Island Narrows; Crab Alley Bay, Cox Creek, Chester River, Corsica River and Chesapeake Bay; Statistical Tables. Statement of Field and Office Work— Anchorage of the Houseboat “Oyster”... ...cc.cs cece ner eesnceccns 74 Tabulated Statement of Operations of Wield Party.................. 75 Statistics of Results of Combined Operations of Federal Government PATO Woh 2b CRMC Hin i Hn Onan HPS SIM GRD OOOO UO Ont ODGAchpad po 77 Report of Leasing Operations... 2. o6 ccc ce oo steele ewe ete e eee eee 78 General Statement; Blank Forms of Application for a Lease; Statistical Tables Showing the Number of Applications for Lease to Oyster Lands Received, the Number of Leases Granted, the Number of Oyster Lot Holders in Arrears with Rent, the Number of Leases Canceled, the Number of Leases Now in Force and the Names and Addresess of All Lessees and the Number of Acres of Land Held by Hach. TROCOMMMENEL ALOIS merrier w ela ose heireil owe slices iota olfelteracasyetreisWat etre lellonen ei elfoleieh eden amelcustte 97 Foreword— Amendments of Fundamental Importance to Oyster Planters: 1. Providing for Increase in Area of Lots Which May Be Leased. 2. Providing for Privilege of Dredging on Leased Lots. 3. Providing for Privilege of Securing Seed Oysters. Discussion— Letter of Approval from Dr. H. F. Moore. Amendment of Fundamental Importance to the State. 4. Providing for Collection of Rents. Amendments Desirable, but Not Funadmental. 5. Extension of Period for PaymentofOne-Dollar Rentals. 6. Respecting Non-Residents of the State. 7. Preventing Oyster Planting in Water Contaminated by Sewage. MIN ANCA NtaALeMleMts aun oi aeiersietcione estleteticnetoneiclerctestevetetatelohetarchehe 6c ocpiclaceeer a cael 109 For the Year Ending September 30, 1909 (reprinted). For the Year Ending September 30, 1910. AD CNG EX Osean sia ohaderene rellcyel eleva lars opeueteneliotatal eoleleie Nol ol slaloslatisrehe te) eV aisle ates totems 111 J. Text of the Haman Oyster Culture Law. II. Opinions Rendered by Hor. Thomas H. Robinson, Counsel to the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners, Concerning— 1. Jurisdiction. 2. Private Ownership and Riparian Rights. Ill. Rights of Lot-Holders to Take Up Planted Oysters. IV. An Act Setting Aside Clam Rocks in Pocomoke Sound. Vv. An Act Repealing Calvert County Cultivation Law. VI. An Act Increasing the Tax Upon Oysters Sold Within the State and Creating Therefrom a Natural Oyster Bed Reshelling Fund. INTRODUCTION. PUBLICATIONS. This report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners is intended to embrace an account of all work carried or by the Commission during the year ending December 31, 1909, and a statement of all receipts and disbursements by the Commission during the fiscal year ending September 30, 1910. _ It contains descriptions of the methods and results of the surveys and examinations of the oyster grounds of Baltimore, Kent and Queen Anne’s counties; a discussion of the problem of the applica- tion of the Cull law to areas overstocked with small oysters, in the light of the results of the survey of the upper section of the Bay, generally known as “The Lumps;” statements regarding the opening of the bottoms available for lease for oyster culture in Worcester and Calvert counties; lists of the names of citizens who have leased lots from the State for the purposes of oyster culture, with state- ments of the total area which has been leased under the Haman Oyster Culture Law, and of the number of lots on which rents are in arrears; and recommendations for such changes in the law as the Shell Fish Commission believes to be essential to the success of oyster culture in Maryland. In an appendix to the report, the text of the Haman Oyster Cul- ture Law is reprinted, together with that of other Acts of the Gen- eral Assembly pertaining to Oyster Culture or to the work of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. The report also contains a reprint of the statement of the receipts and disbursements of the Commission during the fiscal year ending September 30, 1909. During the year 1909 Captain C. C. Yates, for the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, prepared and issued two publications,* each consisting of a set of charts and a report. The first was filed in the office of the Commission at Annapolis and with the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Worcester County, July 23, 1909, and contains all information necessary to make a perma- * * These publications may be secured by applying to the Superintendent of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washington, D. C. 8 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. nent record of the work of the Commission and the Federal Govy- ernment in Worcester County for all future requirements of the courts. The charts, three in number, show all legal bounaries of the oyster bars within the adopted boundaries of the waters opened for leasing with Worcester County, and the location of all landmarks used as a foundation for the delineation of these various boundaries. The report gives technical and legal descriptions of all oyster bar and other boundaries, and descriptions of all landmarks shown on ° the charts. . The second publication consists of a set of five charts and a technical report and forms a permanent record, similar in every way to that for Worcester County, of the work of the Commission and the Federal Government in Calvert County. It was filed in the office of the Commission in Annapolis and in the office of the Clerk of the Circuit Court fer Calvert County, on December 14, 1909. CO-OPERATION. The Commission has continued to receive the same hearty co- operation in its field work from the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey, the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, the State Fishery Force, and Boards of County Commissioners which it has hitherto received. A full statement of the extent of this co-operation and the Acts authorizing it may be found in the First Report of the Shell Fish Commission, pages 17 to 26. A statement concerning the assistance rendered by the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Bureau of Fish- eries may be found also in the reports published by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, entitled “Survey of Oyster Bars.” The names of the men appointed by the boards of County Com- missioners to accompany the Chief Engineer during the survey of their respective counties and point out the approximate location of the oyster bars and select the stations on each ground at which examinations are made, are: Wilson F. Stevens, Bengies, Md., for Baltimore County; Samuel Collier, Rock Hall, Md, for Kent County; Charles W. Hopkins, Stevensville, for Queen Anne's County. From these gentlemen the Commission has received much information and help beyond that contemplated in the Act provid- ing for their services, and it gladly acknowledges its appreciation of this and many courtesies. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 9 To Hon. John Gill, the Commission desires to express its thanks for the attention he has given to the work of securing the continued co-operation of the Federal Government with the Maryland Shell Fish Commission in making the survey of the natural oyster grounds. Without the assistance of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey and the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries it would be well nigh im- possible to complete the survey within a reasonable period along the lines on which the work was begun. To the daily press of Baltimore City the Commission hereby ex- presses its obligation for the encouragement and assistance the cause of oyster culture has received through the many editorials and re- ports, pertaining to the subject and to the preliminary survey work, which have appeared in its columns. Knowing that a general inter- est in oyster culture and a knowledge of the conditions under which oyster culture may be successfully carried on. is of prime necessity for the work of perfecting the scheme of legislation such as has been inaugurated by the Sate. of Maryland hae the development of the ent possibilities of the barren bottoms of her tide waters, the Commission takes this opportunity to solicit the continued support of the press for the law, and especially the advocacy of such amend- ments to the law as are clearly shown by experience to be necessar y to its ultimate success. Dit sav AN OYSTER CULTURE lA W. Sey Ee: The Legislature in placing Chapter 711 of the Acts of 1906, bet- ter known as the Haman Oyster Culture Law, upon the statute books of Maryland, had a two-fold object in view: . To encourage an industry in oyster culture upon the barren ee beneath the tidewaters of the State. . To prevent the leasing of natural oyster bars for the purpose of ‘Se culture. SURVEY. To make the leasing of barren bottoms possible and the leasing of natural bars impossible, provision was made for a survey of the natural bars for the purpose of accurately locating and marking the same. It was definitely provided that no barren bottoms should be 10 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. leased in any part of the State until the natural bars of that region had been surveyed, charted and marked with buoys. DEFINITION OF A NATURAL OYSTER BAR. NATURAL BAR NOT DEFINED. The Shell Fish Commission is instructed by Section 90 of the Haman Oyster Culture Law to exercise its judgment liberally in favor of the natural bars when surveying, chartering and buoying the same, but other than this the Commission is uninstructed in this important matter. The responsibility of defining a natural bar is placed upon the Commission. DIVERSITY OF OPINION. No definition of a natural oyster bar could be formulated by any man or body of men which would meet with the approval of all the parties concerned. Oystermen, as a rule, hold that all bottoms where oysters grow or have grown naturally, even though now practically barren of oysters should be considered natural bars. Other citzens of the State who are not directly interested in the oyster business, but interested in the oyster industry from the stand- point of revenue, hold, as a rule, that no bottoms should be excluded from leasing for oyster culture which, by methods known to oyster culturalists, may be made to yield a greater number of oysters than they now produce. It should be evident to every one that neither of these definitions could be adopted by the Commission as a basis for determining which of the grounds surveyed are natural bars. THE GOLDSBOROUGH DEFINITION. The definition of a natural oyster bar which very nearly ap- proaches a reasonable and satisfactory compromise between the views of the subject held by oystermen on one hand and by oyster culturalisis on the other is that contained in an opinion rendered by Judge Chas. F. Goldsborough in the Circuit Court for Dorchester County in the July term, 1881, in the case of William T. Windsor and George R. Todd vs. Job T. Moore. | This definition has been adopted by the Shell Fish Commission as the basis for the determination of the status of the various oyster bottoms surveyed, and is as follows: Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. II “What then is a natural bar or bed of oysters? It would be a palpable absurdity for the State to attempt to promote the propagation and growth of oysters and to encourage its citizens, by grant of land, to engage in their culture, if the lands authorized to be taken up were only those upon which oysters do not and cannot be made to grow. That there may be lands covered by water in the State where no oysters can be found, but where, if planted, they could be cultivated successfully, may be possible, but, if so, I imagine that their extent must be too limited for them to be of much practical, general advantage for the purposes of such a law as the one under discussion; but there are thousands of acres of hard and shifting sands where oysters not only are not found, but where it would be folly to plant them; and these latter it can not be supposed that the State intended to offer to give away, for the simple reason that the State could not help knowing that nobody would have them. “Upon the other hand there are large and numerous tracts where oysters of natural growth may be found in moderate numbers, but not in quantities suffi- cient to make it profitable to catch them; and yet where oysters may be success- fully planted and propagated. In my opinion, these can not be galled natural bars or beds of oysters, within the meaning of the Act of Assembly, and it is just such lands as these that the State meant to allow to be taken up under the provisions of the above-mentioned section of the Act. “But there is still another class of lands where oysters grow naturally and in large quantities, and to which the public are now and have been for many years in the habit of resorting with a view to earning a livelihood by eatching this natural growth; and here, I think, is the true test of the whole question. Land cannot be said to be a natural oyster bar or bed merely because oysters are scat- tered here and there upon it, and because if planted they will readily live and thrive there; but whenever the natural growth is so thick and abundant that the public resort to it for a livelihood, it is a natural oyster bar or bed, and comes within the above-quoted restriction in the law, and cannot be located or appropriated by any individual.” APPLICATION OF DEFINITION. < Before this definition may be of use in determining, accurately and scientifically, the status of an oyster ground, its central idea, “livelihood,” must be expanded into accurately determinable factors and these factors must be combined into a practical scheme for in- vestigating the condition of the grounds under consideration. Stated briefly, a livelihood is represented by a sum of money ob- tained from the sale, at a fixed price, of a certain quantity of oys- ters gathered in a given time from an allotted area of ground. Knowing the value of these factors it becomes possible to calcu- late the number of oysters an oyster ground must produce per acre or per square yard in order that oystermen may secure a liveliho. d by working upon it. _ The factors into which the Commission resolved the livelihood problem; the value assigned to each factor and an outline of the scheme devised for use in examining oyster ground and applying the definition to the grounds examined, are given below. 12 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Comnussioners. For a detailed account of the investigations carried on to deter- mine the value of each of the above factors and to develop methods of securing the information needed concerning the condition of oyster bottoms, reference should be made to the First Report of the Shell Fish Commission, pages 32 to 69. MinimumiMivelthoods or ANonomvamt esr; «+ spercssne sistas ayes iene Ste a eee $ 277.75 Minimum Livellnood Of) ROW oer sige c cctele co cese cheaters ices eosnaloe ie aeael eenen en 1,836.25 Average prices received for oysters per bushel................... $ .60 to $1.00 Minimum livelihood expressed in bushels of oysters: Price. ‘Tongmen. Dredgers. $ .60 462 bushels. 3,066 bushels. te 370 bushels. 2,448 bushels. 1.00 278 bushels. 1,836 bushels. Number of marketable oysters; per bushels sec cc. shckecgeysce cde see -Paicuclonersl vessels 329 Minimum livelihood expressed in number of marketable oysters: Price. Tongmen. Dredgers. § .60 151,998 oysters. 1,008,714 oysters. eles 121,730 oysters. 805,392 oysters. 1.00 91,462 oysters. 604,044 oysters. Number actual working days in tonging season...............-5...0..-06. 100 Number, actialy working @aysiin redoing Sea sSomyjen scustsie susie cece) sleiereiteenens 58 Wit tom tonsinesop CratlOMspy.tnasmrnerrca venom etek ctor ton nie sekere teach aciteher fel tatces the “grab” * Average area of oyster bottom covered, per “‘grab,’’ with hand tongs: d > Depth of Water. Area Covered. | 1 to 5 feet. (9 Sq. yd. G feet. .66 sq. yd. 7 feet. FDS Cle 8 feet. 46 sq. yd. 14-foot shafts. 9 feet. A0 sq. yd. 10 feet. 3D Sq. yd. 11 feet. ol Sq. ya. | 12 feet. 40 sq. yd. } 13 feet. 36. sq..yd. | 14 feet. 0d Sq. yd. | 15 feet. COUN Sen sya. | 16 feet. .28 sq. yd. } 22-foot shafts. 17 feet. 25 Sq. yd. | 18 feet. 23 SQ: yd. || 19 feet. WL SGs” YOu ss] 20 feet. 19 sq. yd. Area covered, per “grab,” with patented tongs:................. 1 to 1.3 sq. yd. *A “grab” is made when the tongs are placed upon -the bottom, with the heads open, and the shafts closed once. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 13 Number of “grabs” made per hour by tongmen (average) : Using Hand Tongs——————.,————_Using Patented Tongs————_, Depth of Water. Number “Grabs.” Depth of Water. Number “Grabs.” 5 feet. * 162 18 to 30 feet. 50 6 feet. 162 30 to 50 feet. 40 7 feet. 156 50 to 70 feet. 33 8 feet. 156 70 to 90 feet. 26 9 feet. 156 90 to 130 feet. 23 - 10 feet. 156 11 feet. 156 12 feet. 144 13 feet. 132 14 feet. 132 15 feet. 120 16 feet. 108 17 feet. 108 18 feet. 84 19 feet. 84 20 feet. 84. Area covered by tongmen, per Season (average) : -————_Using Hand Tongs———————,_ Ussing. Patented Tongs—————_, Depth of Water. Area Covered. Depth of Water. Area Covered. 1 to 5 feet. 21.1 acres. 18 to 30 feet. 10.7 acres. 6 feet. 17.6 acres. 30-to 50 feet. 8.7 acres. 7 feet. 14.1 acres. 50 to 70 feet. 7.1 acres. 8 feet. 11.8 acres. 70 to 90 feet. 5.5 acres. 9 feet. 10.3 acres. 90 to 130 feet. 5.0 acres. 10 feet. 9.0 acres. 11 feet. 7.9 acres. 12 feet. 9.5 acres. 18 feet. 7.8 aeres. 14 feet. 7.2 acres. 15 feet. 5.9 acres. 16 feet. 5.0 acres. 17 feet. 4.6 acres. 18 feet. 3.1 acres. 19 feet. 2.9 acres. 20 feet. 2.6 acres. Area covered by a dredger (10-ton boat), per season............... 464 acres. Area which must yield a livelihood to a dredger*.................. 140 acres. * The 90,000 acres of dredging ground (carefully estimated) belonging to the State must yield a livelihood to each of the 6388 dredgers licensed to work on it (during the season of 1907 and 1908), hence 140 acres must yield one livelihood. ? 14 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. Number of oysters required per square yard to yield a livelihood to oystermen using hand tongs: Depth of Water. Oysters at $ .60. Oysters at $ .75. Oysters at $1.00. 1 to 5 feet. 1.58 12 .95 6 feet. 1.86 1.50 tet? 7 feet. 2.16 105 \ 1.380 8 feet. 2.50 2.00 1.50 9 feet. 2.83 Qi25 1.70 10 feet. 3.16 2.50 1.90 11 feet. 3.50 2.75 2.10 12 feet. 3.83 3.00 2.30 13 feet. 4,25 3.35 2.55 14 feet. 4.66 3.70 2.80 15 feet. 5.16 4.10 3.10 16 feet. 5.83 4.60 3.50 17 feet. 6.66 L245) 4.00 18 feet. 7.50 6.00 4.50 19 feet. 8.66 6.75 5.20 20 feet. 10.00 7.60 6.00 Number of oysters required, per square yard, to yield a livelihood to oystermen using patented tongs: Depth of Water. Oysters at $ .75. Oysters at $1.00. 18 to 30 feet. PAS; Alar 30 to 50 feet. 2.8 Poa 50 to 70 feet. Bi5) 2.6 70 to 90 feet. 4.5 3.4 90 to 180 feet. 5.0 3.7 Number of oysters required, per square yard, to yield a livelihood to oystermen using a dredge: Oysters at$ .60 per bu. Oysters at $ .75 per bu. ATC MAlINGE DENS! cemessessre tens sista 1.44 1.18 GNVTAYVW AO SGNNOYS YSLSAO AHL AO AZAYNS SHL ONILONGNOD AO SGOHLAW ONILVYLSNIII HOLAMS Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 15 METHODS OF OYSTER SURVEY.* INFORMATION FURNISHED. Before beginning the actual survey of oyster grounds the Com- mission is furnished by the United States Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey with projections, constructed on a scale of I part in 10,000 (approximately 6 1-3 inches to a statute mile), showing the shore line of the localities to be surveyed and the plotted positions of the triangulation stations. The Coast and Geodetic Survey has a party in the field to erect signals above, and determine the position of such triangulation stations as are needed by the hydrographic en- gineers for use in making the survey of the oyster grounds. Prior also to making a survey of any section the local assistant, appointed by the County Commissioners, gives information as to the approximate location and extent of the oyster grounds of the section so they can be indicated in pencil on the boat sheets. This information greatly expedites survey operations in that it makes surveys of barren bottoms unnecessary, and saves cost of erecting unnecessary shore stations beyond the limits of the natural oyster bars. EQUIPMENT. The equipment for conducting the survey of the oyster grounds and crabing bottoms includes boats, instruments, etc., a brief list and description of which follows: The launch “CANVASBACK,’”? with a coxswain and machinist, is furnished by the United States Bureau of Fisheries. This launch, 42 feet long, 9-foot beam, has a draft of three feet and is hence well adapted for work on oyster grounds the boundaries of which extend into water as shallow as four feet. The “ANGLE,” a dead-rise bateau, 24 feet in length, belonging to the Commission, is used for surveying grounds situated in water too shallow for the advantageous use of the launch “CANVAS- BACK.” Before beginning field work in 1909 this boat was equipped with a four horse-power gasoline engine. * Modified from former report, in conformity with changes in methods. 2¥For a detailed account of the work and equipment of the Investigator, see pages 37 and 116 of First Report. 16 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. The steamer “GOVERNOR R. M. McLANE,” belonging to the State Fishery Force and placed at the disposal of the Commission in accordance with Section 97 of the Haman Oyster Culture Law, has been used for surveying oyster grounds situated in the bold waters of the Chesapeake bay. This steamer has also been used for placing buoys.at the corners of the natural oyster bars; towing the houseboat ““OYSTER” from one anchorage to another, and for transporting supplies (coal, water and provisions) to the houseboat. The launch “INVESTIGATOR,” a bay canoe, 34 feet long with 7.5-foot beam, purchased by the Commission and fitted with an eight horse power Fairbanks gasoline engine, has been used since 1906 for making examinations of oyster grounds and for collecting data and specimens for the physical and biological investigaticns. During the season of 1906 various boats were hired for this work, but the necessity for increasing the number of examinations of the grounds surveyed’ was later realized and a launch more perfectly adapted for the work was therefore fitted up. A scow, the “MARYLAND,” 32 feet long, 12 feet wide and 3 feet deep, has been built and equipped by the Commission for use in transporting buoys and sinkers and placing them at the cor- ners of the natural oyster beds. The scow 1s towed from place to place either by the launches or by the steamer “GOVERNOR R. M. McLANE” and the sinkers and buoys are dropped from her deck. The following description of the houseboat “OYSTER?” is copied from the report prepared by Captain C. C. Yates and published by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey: HOUSEBOAT “OYSTER.” 2 While arranging to turn over the command of the steamer Hndeavor, the rep- resentative of the Survey, acting under preliminary instructions from the Superintendent, was engaged in frequent consultation with the Shell Fish Com- missioners in reference to the program of future work. In addition to these duties, he undertook for the Commissioners the planning and supervision neces- sary to convert the old side-wheel steamer Thomas L. Worthley into a house- boat for the surveying parties of both the Commissicn and the Government. The Worthley, now called the houseboat Oyster, was in excellent condition when purchased by the Commission. The keelsons and timbers were sound, and the upper works strong. After the removal of the old engine and boiler, the houseboat was docked and her hull thoroughly examined. The outside planking below the water line was found in good condition, and, although it was recalked, 1 See frontispiece. 2 See illustration opposite page 16. .. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. D7. it was done as an additional precaution, the hull having been absolutely water- tight from the day of purchase. The Oyster is about 1385 feet over all and 35 feet in beam. The main deck contains living quarters for 27 men, the officers’ mess-room and the galley. The upper deck has 11 staterooms, 5 for the 8 Commissioners and their 2 hydro- graphic engineers, 4 for the Coast Survey officers, 1 for the representative of the United States Bureau of Fisheries and 1 for the local county oyster commis- sioner. Besides these rooms, there are located on this deck a large drafting room, a laboratory for oyster investigation and an office room. Coal for the two Government launches and the galley is stored in the hold, which also contains fresh-water tanks having a capacity of about 7,000 gallons. Signal lumber is carried on the main deck aft of the officers’ mess-room. As a whole, the Oyster is plainly and practically equipped for the work to be done. She has added much to the amount of the surveying accomplished during the season, and the Coast and Geodetic Survey representative greatly appreci- ates the practical advantages furnished to his party by their quarters on the houseboat. When. the large party of the combined surveying forces is taken into consideration with the limited accommodations usually obtainable on shore, the attending difficulties of a scattered party, the uncertain location and supply of coal and water for launches and sufficient lumber for signals, it is easily seen that the amount of work accomplished would have been reduced greatly if there had been no such houseboat as the Oyster to supply all require: ments of the surveying operations. With reasonable care and repairs, the Oyster will be a valuable asset to the Commission at the completion of the oyster survey of the State, besides having paid her first cost several times over in both quality and quantity of work accomplished. The steam launch “INSPECTOR?” and coal-oil launch “BLAKE,” although not used by the Commission or its engineers directly, have nevertheless been a part of the equipment for the work of the sur- vey. They belong to and were used by the Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey party in erecting signals, placing monuments to mark the tri- angulation stations and for making the triangulation necessary to determine the geographical positions of the permanent objects and triangulation stations. A number of small boats, furnished by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey and Bureau of Fisheries, were also available for any purpose for which they might be needed. The instruments (sextants, protractors and drawing instrumencs ) and record books needed by the hydrographic engineers for conduct- ing the survey of the oyster grounds have been provided by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey.'. The uses to which tte instruments are put are stated further on. Such instruments as have been found necessary for constructing leasing charts, for computing areas and for conducting the physi- 1 Authorized by the Act of Congress approved May 26, 1906. 18 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. cal and biographical investigationst have been purchased by the. Commission. ORGANIZATION. The organization of the party for hydrographic field work when fully completed is as follows :* 1 Hydrographic Engineer. 2 Oarsmen. 2 Asst. Hydrographic Engineers. 1 Boatswain (houseboat). 1 Draftsman. 1 Nightwatchman (houseboat). 1 Clerk (on houseboat). 1 Coxswain (Investigator). ,1 Recorder. 1 Machinist (Investigator). 1 Leadsman, 1 Tide Observer. 1 Local Assistant. 2 Cooks. 1 Expert Tongman. 2 Waiters. Day laborers for buoy construction and oarsmen have been hired’ as the exigencies of the work required. METHODS. The methods employed by the Commission in making the hydro- graphic survey of the oyster grounds of Maryland, with slight modifications, are the same as those used by the United States. Bureau of Fisheries in conducting surveys of oyster grounds in other States, | and by the Coast and Geodetic Survey in making hydrographic surveys. The approximate position of an oyster ground having been pointed out by the local assistant, a zigzag or parallel series of lines. of soundings is run over it by the engineers and their assistants in the launch “CANVASBACK,” in order to ascertain its exact limits, the depth of water over it and the general condition of the bottom. A chart, known as a “boat sheet” (a copy of a polyconic projec- tion) showing the shore line of the waters of the section being sur. veyed and the plotted positions of the triangulation stations above which signals have been erected, is spread on a chart board in the launch before the engineers and upon this boat sheet the positions of the launch at the end of intervals of two or three minutes while- 1 The apparatus used in ascertaining the density of the water over the oyster grounds is the property of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. 2Changes having been made in the personnel of the party as the survey progressed from one section of the State to another, the names of employees: are omitted. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commussioners. 19 running lines of soundings, are plotted by one of the engineers using a three-arm protractor’, or position finder, for the purpose. The position of the launch at each of these intervals is dcter- mined by two angles, formed between the launch and three shore signals, observed and measured simultaneously by the engineers with setants’. By connecting consecutive positions of the launch as thus plotted on the boat sheet, with straight lines, the course and position of the lines of soundings on the oyster ground is shown. The three-point problem, which is involved in locating each of the positions occupied during the survey, is illustrated by figure 7, in which X represents the launch and A, B and C the signals on shore. The angles AXB and BXC are those taken by the engincers with sextants to locate the position of the boat at X. The right- ‘hand angle BXC (75° 48’) is transferred to the vernier between the middle and right arms of the protractor, and the left-hand angle AXB (58° 16’) is transferred to the vernier between the mid- dle and left arms. When the protractor is thus set and laid on the chart in such position that the left arm passes through the plotted position of signal A, the middle arm through the plotted position of signal B and the left arm through the plotted position of signal C the point in which the three arms of the protractor meet, (the cen- tre of the hub) is the point on the chart representing the position of the boat when the sextant angles were taken. All angles taken during the survey are plotted on the boat sheets by one of the engineers, while the other records the angles in an angle record book. During the progress of the launch over an oyster ground the leadsman, occupying a cage attached to. the deck on the starboard side, forward, throws his lead line at intervals of 20-30 seconds, measuring the depth of water and testing the bottom at each cast. Having made a sounding the leadsman reports the depth of water, 1A three-arm protractor (figure 1) is an instrument used for plotting obser- vations made with sextants, of two angles to three known points for the location of the point of the observer. The description of the theory of the sextant and protractor and their use in hydrography requires the use of language too tech- nical to be of general interest. 2A sextant (figure 2) is an instrument constructed for measuring the angle between two objects (signals) from the position of the observer. 20 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. FIGURE 1 4~.N 09 HISSI DE EELIELA FIGURE 2 € 3ynola 22 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. in fathoms and feet, and the character of the bottom in the follow- ing terms: soft, hard, sticky, rocky or grassy. The recorder, seated in the after part of the launch with a clock before him, notifies the leadsman at the end of each 20-30 second interval, by means of an electric bell, that it is time for a sounding to be made, and in a sounding record book records the depth of water in fathoms and feet and character of the bottom as reported by the leadsman, in the following symbols: sft. (soft), stk. (sticky), hrd. (hard), rky. (rocky), or grs. (grassy). The local assistant, operating the chain-wire apparatus from the forward port side of the launch, tests the oyster ground at the end of each 20-30 second interval and reports to the recorder his find- ings in the following terms: barren, very scattering, scattering, medium or dense. His report is given immediately following that of the leadsman and is recorded in the sounding record book with the initial letters of the terms used to. describe the condition of the ground. The chain-wire apparatus as it appears in operation is shown on the insert, opposite page 18 of this report. It consists in a piece of heavy chain to which a stout copper wire is attached. When run- ning a line of soundings the chain at the end of the wire is towed over the bottom, and from the vibrations or lack of vibrations on the wire the condition of the ground is inferred. The vibrations are detected by holding the wire in the hand. When the drag is passing over barren bottoms the chain tows smoothly and eventy and no vibrations are transmitted to the wire, but when shells or oysters are struck by the chain the wire is made to jerk and vibrate. If the vibrations are infrequent the inference is that shells or oysters are very scattering, and when the vibrations become more frequent or constant, a scattering, medium or dense growth of oysters is inferred. A small boat containing small buoys with 1o-pound dumb-bells for sinkers, is towed behind the launch at a distance such that it re- mains above the position of the chain drag on the bottom. At pgints on each line of soundings small buoys are cast over to mark stations to be occupied and remains above the position of the chain drag on the bottom. At points on each line of soundings, small buoys are cast over to mark stations to be occupied and examined by the “IN- VESTIGATOR’” which, with an expert tongman, follows the survey Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commussioners. 23, launch (see illustration opposite page 18). The position of each buoy on the line of soundings and the number of each is recorded in both the angle record and sounding record books. ‘Their positions, indi- cated by small flags, are also plotted on the boat sheets (see page 24). Between consecutive plotted positions of the launch in a line of soundings, shown in figure 8 by the numerals above the lines (32-41 ), seven observations of the depth of water, character of the bottom and condition of the oyster ground have been made. The positions of these observation stations may be plotted on the lines. of soundings by dividing the part of the plotted line between con- secutive positions of the launch, into eight equal spaces, the points separating these spaces indicating the positions of the sounding stations. The findings of the local assistant with the chain appara- tus at these stations are indicated by writing the symbols B, V, S, S, M or D below the lines as shown in figure 8. The results of the use of the chain-wire apparatus having been thus plotted on the lines of soundings, the limits of the oyster or shell covered bottom are then shown upon the boat sheet by draw- ing a line (X-Y and M-N in figure 8) across the ends of the lines. of soundings through the spaces which separate the soundings, indi- cating barren bottom, from those indicating the presence of shells or oysters. This line, indicating the limit of the oyster-producing bottom, does not mark the official limits of the oyster ground, but it serves. as a guide for enclosing the ground within a straight-sided figure (see figure 6 on page 73) such as is designated shall be used to define the limits of the natural bars by Section 90 of the Haman Oyster Culture Law. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 24 ‘S3NI1 GSAYNND :V3YdV DNIONGOYd-YS3LSAO JO SLIWIT DNILLOTd SO GOHLSW (G) ‘SL-8 ‘Z SOV14 i NOILVNINVXS HOS GSMYVW SNOILVIS (0) "Lp-b8 >MOHS OL G3LLO1d SONIGNNOS JO SANIT SSYHL ¢ Sid ‘o13 ‘a ‘Ww ‘s ‘a *WOLLOG 4O NOILIGNOD (a) ‘86 :SYSSNIODNA A@ G3LVOOT SNOILISOd (v) Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. "d3A0N@ GNY G3LYVHO SV YY YSLSAO IVHNLYN 4O-SLINIT 38-2 'L ‘SANIT LHDIVYLS “ASAYNS SHL AG GANINYSLIG SV WOLLOG DNIONGOYd-Y3LSAO 3O SLIWIT *43NI7TQG3ANND AAVAH “SONIGNNOS AO SANIT :A-8 ‘Vv ‘SSNITLHDIVYLS “LNVLSISSV 1¥007 3HL Ad N3AID SV SONNOYD YSLSAO JO SLIWIT SLVWIXOUdd¥ *3NIT GALLOG “SGNNOYD Y31LSAO ONIAZAYUNS JOGOHLIW 3LVYLSNTII OL ONIMVEO S ‘Sid 26 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. REPORT OF SURVEYS AND EXAMINATIONS OF OYSTER-GROUNDS. FOREWORD. As in the former report, the survey of the oyster grounds is de- scribed herein as having proceeded from north to south in the counties on the Western Shore, and from south to north in the counties on the Eastern Shore. Grounds located in sections desig- nated by law for the exclusive use of tongmen in each county are described first, the descriptions of grounds on which scrapers or dredgers may work following. All facts relating to natural oyster bars which lend themselves to a statistical form of presentation, such as names, dates, areas, numbers of corners, conditions as represented by number of oysters per square yard or bushels of oysters per acre, are included in tables, one set for each county, placed after the text in each case Subject-matter which can not be satisfactorily reported by the statistical method is given in the text. The feature of the Maryland Survey which distinguishes it from former surveys of oyster grounds, and which gives it its right to be considered a real investigation of the oyster grounds of Maryland, is that of the series of examinations carried on in connection with the lines of soundings and chain-wire readings. The results of these examinations constitute the basis upon which the status of the grounds, whether natural oyster bar or leasable bottoms, is deter- mined by the Commission. It was very early realized that the accuracy of the final results of the survey depends not only upon the accuracy of the method by which the examinations of the oyster producing bottoms are carried on, but to a very large extent also upon the number and proper location of the stations at which exami- nations are made. The Commission has, therefore, endeavored to increase the number of these examinations to the fullest capacity of the equipment for this work and to perfect the methods by which the examinations are carried on. The following statement of the number of examinations of the surveyed bottoms made during the SAGNNOUS YALSAO ONININVXS YOS GaddINOA GNVW GANNYW SV YOLVSILSAANI SHL,, STS a ae Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 27 four seasons occupied by the oyster survey, shows to what extent this plan has been carried out: Hxaminations made during 1906 (half season) ............ ccc ccc scenes 440 MW XAMINatlONS: MAG es UTIL: Ml OO iesy vi he seicave ts ava levaley ales ore: eOhaietan dls. ca) evereve: oe, ele verelie 988 HMMM ALTOHSEMAGE TOUTES sl GOSia) srs: sic eusraceletave'c sre of 3) ecevetahelacele. eae © oie el ele eeiele Dra, Wa INAVIONS. MAG CRMUMIN Salo O Rak vs aris cvs, tesetele bie does aheieuneislaieievaie oe svensteers 3,164 The names of the practical oystermen engaged by the Commission to make the examinations of the bottoms surveyed during the period covered by this report, are given in the list which follows: Farry Nea vith. bs dLUIM ORE COMME ie. le)cye tires 416 leusyensta's,clc/e wie) 64 Examinations. George RK: Scoone, Kent county... oc. od. c cc wee ewes 990 Examinations. ERPS SCOOME: FOOT GsCOUMEY on scicts etek ere cress tiers eveuaio le ererete 59 Hxaminations. AGE PEO THeN CHANG C. CO UME Vir nrcrole stele: Poueravers'er oiosaue cove 1e hone aioe 102 Examinations. eh esoOnes: Queen ANNES COUNTY. ~ <.ca ela ciweleicielececevsreece o/s 579 Examinations. A. W. Marshall, Queen Anne’s county................... 1,351 Examinations. Haier rench Queen. Aqne/SCOuUnGYe «sists Coe it as ta ee 19 Examinations. MO LAL encse-ste Ne OE Dabs Stan Rate toilet eve ehaiets ootmeee apenata atcha @raveiore os 3,164 Examinations. Observations on the rate of flow of currents over the grounds at the examination stations have been largely discontinued because the time required for making them has been needed for multiplying the number of examinations of the oyster grounds and also because of the availability of the extensive series of current observations made in the bay by the Coast and Geodetic Survey. The results of these observations can be supplemented in any particular locality when needed. Observations on the density of the water in each locality at the time of the survey, and on the character of the bottom upon which the oyster bars are found, have been continued and samples of water have been regularly taken from the oyster bars for a study of the quantity and quality of the available oyster food, as this work in no way retards the progress of the survey. No attempt is made either in the text of this report or on the published charts to give information with regard’ to the limits or extent of the various kinds of bottom on which the oyster bars were found to extend, but such information may be secured for any of the grounds covered by the survey by reference to the records of the surveys and examinations which are filed in the office of the Commission at Baltimore. In making the estimates of the quantity of marketable oysters each natural bar may be expected to yield during the season follow- ing that of the survey, it is estimated that one-third of the market- 28 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. able oysters available on the bottom one season, will remain on the bar at the end of the season, and that one-half of the oysters which are less than two and one-half inches in length (culls) one season, will have grown to marketable size before the opening of the next. These estimates are intendd to show whether the bars are tending toward depletion or toward continued productivity. They are thought to be fairly accurate for such natural bars as have a hard foundation, for on such bars, oysters and shells are usually fairly continuously distributed. For barswhich cover bottomscomposed of soft mud the estimates are not to be considered accurate, because on such bottoms oysters grow in dense patches or lumps, the bottom between being entirely barren. The quantities of oysters taken by the tongmen at the examina- tion stations are made the basis for the estimates of the yield of the natural bars, and the estimated yield is therefore in excess of the actual, for the stations selected by the local assistants for examina- tion are usually those which the chain-wire apparatus indicated to be better stocked with oysters than the adjacent areas. The number of licenses issued to oystermen during successive oyster seasons afford an index to the general condition of the public oyster grounds in the various parts of the State and supplies a fairly satisfactory basis upon which to estimate the total quantity of oysters yielded by the public oyster grounds of the State during any particular season. For this reason-the following table is intro- duced: TABLE SHOWING ALL LICENSES ISSUED TO OYSTERMEN IN MARY- LAND DURING THE OYSTER SEASONS SINCE 1906. To Tongmen. To Serapers. To Dredgers. Se ig SS =| —-_-_*-—_—_ County. 1906 1907 1908 1909 1906 1907 1908 1909 1906 1907 1908 1909 1907 1908 1909 1910 1907 1908 1909 1910 1907 1908 1909 1910 AmmerAu mand lt 4: (on ti ul ata dO Site cebaut tenet siete) crea mmedeyers ae 6 6 5 Cal Veta 425 CUO Be HUE EDO MAL ete hee 2, et dalle caieeatets 23), 22a esa ae Ghaxrlesises fe 19 22007222 ea ese arora aiige lolebaerarer« cae aie 2 2 Dorchester... 1168 1054 1089 951 401 412 412 400 83 “2 ea Obr seas IREM havawracnve FAG BAM OH GOGT DOD a cs wis.g une eaters ote SS eS oticne ec Queen Anne’s 429 497. 519. 468 .... .... wile ol of: louayebelld etal tcoe tee ee ne eee Somerset.... 513 376.364 351 428° 324° 442.303: 320° 371 388" 356 St-Mary sys A On5y 1044: PSiSis woo el lmiem sschenemiebeteretataney ete BO) STB (Gil 98 Talbot osc... GoD LOO O2D e045 taper ON Me O47 esi ae 0G LS teal SOU e Wicomico! s: 756 +435)" 4967 AOO)l dees sicke cn senate oe a 4 Hi tO 6 AAO etch s) evs De re Ra UI OE Ae Fue MRA see REY OR nM TAU EA Gyr GR cis tte volbAcn Slav Balto@ riya eae TAR Fe nee - Stet oyene eS 32. 61. 49 38 Motali roe 6559 6437 6810 6080 930 840 969 909 544 6388 684 578 Da i ee Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 29 An approximately correct estimate of the total number of bushels of oysters taken from the public oyster grounds during any oyster season may be secured by multiplying the total number of licenses issued that season to tongmen, scrapers and dredgers, by 450, 1,500 and 3,500 respectively, these numbers representing the quantity of oysters a tongman, scraper or dredger must catch during an oyster season in order to have secured a livelihood. It often happens during seasons when oysters are scarce or are poor in quantity or when the price of oysters is abnormally low, that oystermen do not continue to work throughout the entire season and for such seasons the estimated total yield of the oyster grounds, made on the proposed basis, would likely be very con- siderably greater than the actual yield. BALTIMORE COUNTY. CHESAPEAKE BAY. . (Maryland Oyster Chart No. 28.) The waters lying within the territorial limits of Baltimore County are too fresh to support the growth of oysters, but the sec- tion of the Chesapeake bay contiguous to Baltimore County and hence, under provision of the law, to be opened for lease for oyster culture with Baltimore County, contains a considerable portion of those bottoms, very prolific in small oysters, collectively known as She lumps.” The section may be roughly described as that portion of the bay situated west of a line marking the mid-bay channel between the mouths of the Gunpowder and Patapsco rivers. Its boundary lines, established by the Maryland Shell Fish Commission for the purposes of carrying out the provisions of the law, aredelineated on Maryland Oyster Chart No. 28, and are technically described and defined in the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey report entitled “Survey of Oyster Bars—Baltimore County.” The oyster bars of the section are designated for the use of dredg- ers, and their output, frequently of very considerable quantity, is eagerly taken by the packers of Baltimore. Formerly the bottoms in this section on which oysters “set” and _ grew, were much greater in area and had a much more general dis- 30 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. tribution than now. The bottoms which were stocked with living oysters at the time of the survey, September and October, 1909,. were confined to the open part of the bay near mid-channel and they have been reserved for the public oyster fishery within the limits of three natural bars’ aggregating an area of 3010 acres. Several shelly bottoms, aggregating an area of about 2000 acres, which have been more or less productive within recent years, were found to be entirely barren of living oysters at the time of the sur- vey and were not included within the limits of natural bars. Boxes* were occasionally found at some of the examination stations on these exhausted bottoms near the lower end of Hart Island, but none on the bottoms off Millers Island. Observations made at Tolchester wharf from August 6 to II. 1909 indicate a maximum range of the tide for the section of 1.8 feet—a mean range of 1.01 feet. Specimens of water collected at the examination stations during the period occupied by the survey (the dry season) showed a density of 1.0082 at low tide and 1.0108 at high water, a condition very favorable at that time, for the attachment of spat and growth of oysters, being thereby indicated. No exact measurement of the density of the water in this section during the early spring (wet season) has been made,® but it is a well known fact that at this season the water becomes so fresh from the inflow of the Susque- hannah River and other head water tributaries, that the oysters are stunted in their growth, and that spring freshets are sometimes so: heavy and so long in duration as to kill practically all of the oysters. The quantity of sediment brought down during these freshets is enormous, and when deposited on the oyster beds, adds to the injury done by the fresh water by smothering the oysters and burying the shells. That conditions had been severe over this section during the spring of 1909 is shown by the large number of “boxes” taken at the examination stations.* 1 See table of oyster bars, on page 383. 2A “box’ is an oyster shell in which the hinge has not been broken. The inference from such a shell is that the oyster is but recently dead. 8 Arrangements have been completed for making a series of simultaneous observations of the density of the water at several stations throughout the Chesapeake Bay from the Capes to Poole’s Island Light during the months of April and September, 1911. 4 See page 32. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 31 The boundary line between the contiguous waters of Baltimore and Kent Counties passes through the oyster grounds generally known as Tea Tables and Gales Lump, and for convenience in description, charting and buoying, the parts of both grounds lying on the Baltimore County side, have been placed together and charted as one bar and given the name Tea Table, the name Gales Lump being given to the parts of these grounds situated on the Kent County side. Tea Table bar as laid down on the oyster chart includes the num- erous small oyster lumps situated on the soft muddy bottoms at the lower end and on the eastern bank of the blind channel, or slough, west of the “middle ground” upon which Gales Lump bar has been developed. It also includes a large area of more or less continuous oyster bar on the hard, sandy and sticky bottoms on the western part of the middle ground. The general level of the channel bottom upon which the lumps at the lower end of the bar are situated, is 19 to 22 feet below the level of mean low water. The oyster-bear- ing lumps rise several feet above the surrounding bottom, however, the depths over the lumps varying from 9 to 12 feet, hence the appropriate name of Tea tables for the whole area. The depth of water over the high sandy middle ground is about 11 feet, grading off to depths of 13 to 21 feet over the sticky and soft bottom west of the middle ground. The results of the examinations made on this bar indicate that 55 per cent. of the oysters with which it was stocked during the Fall and Winter of 1908 were killed during the Spring of 1909, and that 48 per cent. of the oysters with which it was stocked at the time of the survey had attached to the shells during the Summer of 1909. They afforded evidence also that the destructive effects of the Spring freshets had not been equally severe over the whole area, for at some of the stations no dead oysters (boxes) were found, at others a small percentage only were dead, and at others the per- centage of dead oysters among the living was as high as 50 and 75, The natural oyster bar to which the name Millers Island has been given includes the lumps of the soft muddy bottom on the west bank of the slough opposite Tea Table bar and the adjacent sandy bottom upon which oysters and shells were found. It is covered with water 10 to 19 feet in depth. All of the oysters and “boxes” taken at the examination stations were small, none being 2% inches 32 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. in length. The results of the examinations indicated that 57% of the oysters on the bar were killed during the Spring of 1909, and that 37% of the living oysters on the bar at the time of the survey were the “set” of 1909. The “cultch”’ on the sandy parts of the bar consisted in worn fragments of shells. Man O’ War Shoals bar occupies the sand bar of that name and also includes the lumps which have been developed on the soft muddy bottoms in the deeper water surrounding it. The Front Range Light for Craighill channel is situated near the north-west corner of the bar. The depth of water over the high central ridge of the sandy shoal is from 4 to 8 feet, but oysters were taken in water 17 feet deep. In the arms of the slough into which the eastern end of the bar extends, much greater depths were observed. At IO examination stations on Man O’ War Shoals bar 6 bushels of shells were taken from 18.5 square yards of bottom. From this ' material 16 oysters more than 2% inches in length (marketable) and 99 oysters less than 2% inches long (culls) and 187 recently dead oysters (boxes) were culled. These findings are taken to indi- cate that 62% of the oysters on Man O’ War Shoals bar were killed during the Spring of 1909 (10 of the culls were “spat” caught since the Spring). They also show that an average square yarc of the bottom on the oyster producing part of the bar was stocked with 1.2 pecks of shells, 10 dead oysters, 5.3 small oysters and .8 mar- ketable oysters. The stock on the bar is not equally distributed, however, as is shown by the following table giving the findings at each station : FINDINGS AT EXAMINATION STATIONS ON MAN-O’-WAR SHOALS BAR. Depth. Area Covered. Material Taken. Stations. Feet. Sq. Ft. Culls. Counts. Boxes. Shells. Glee Pocciet as 15 2 il 8 1.5 Pecks. DN rere ee 16 2 6 DZ 16 1.5 Pecks. Dee siaiesia tree 14 2 1 12 1.5 Pecks. AP Gere taat. 12 eve 3 22 4 Pecks. Fea hyuestoe 17 1.4 8 55 4 Pecks. Giese eck 11 2.3 16 9 4 Pecks. i GSP pane einen O BH 2 a ae 2 Pecks. Sabah. Mek eens 18 aleal 38 14 als: 1 Peck. Qs are ke clic 12 a3) 20 iss 41 3° Pecks. aR eal ide cote 11 ESD 4 11 1.5 Pecks. Total 18.5 99 16 187 24 Pecks. Average... 5.3 8 10 1.2 Pecks. 36) . ISVONEYS. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Comm L808 |ce9'S |90°GP |9L IT |8 |SS|-F 1 F 69G 6 ee 9199 whe 6] F IP OS9FET | SSF'OLT |90'SL |OCTE 1a9 |9'S| F IG me | wo ae Re al eee ia | ea Se Geer | gee Se | a sce Gey geet erie eer ale: Sloe ice Lee aia) mS ade B w | 2 a | =F es oF 5 5 a |& g a “IVa aroVy 19d 8.10} pa ioapaGs : : -xq josp.i0o uo 81038 4 O -sfQ 91qR10¥ bee pa STOIE Lay ANSI -IBW STeysng | -ze[noyeo se JOPS(O.U 8 et ‘ON o8B19AV | "px “bs J0g JO “ON [830.1 JO OJBUIIIST | s109SAQ “ON . JO o}BULTISH VSeIOAY 0205 *poAVAING 8B soldy UL leg JO voly OLOS PEL OFT IEIG ‘posong 8B So1o0y UL vq Jo vory ‘pue AsvsaIng jo 318q Pict iearcesinen 62 Jaquie}des te teeee Og dequie}deg ‘AVG “UO VUE XG ‘PS ‘JO pur OT “sny\"" | Sees 0 see eee i are a [Boys IB A\-.O-URN a. (ure \eXelione /s pues] 8.19] [1IN ea wls Seals wea aS alqed, va HMVAdVSHHO "IBVq J9ISh{O Jo oUIeN | mn x "Ivq JO 19quUInN ‘KINNOO GUOWILIVA JO SUVA UALISAO IVYOLVN 34 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. KENT COUNTY. INTRODUCTION. The waters within the territorial limits of Kent County and the waters contiguous to the county, in which natural oyster bars were surveyed and examined in 1909, include the part of Chester river above its deep water channel (the Kent-Queen Anne County bound- ary line*) ; the tributaries of the Chester river which enter it from the north; the waters designated in this report as East Neck bay; Swan creek, and that section of the Chesapeake bay adjacent to Kent County which lies east of the line* marking the mid-bay chan- nel between the Kent-Queen Anne’s County boundary line, ex- tended,* and a line connecting Handys Point, at the mouth of Wor- ton creek, with the northernmost point of Pooles Island. Within these waters sixty-four natural oyster bars, aggregating a total area of 12,809 acres, have been charted and buoyed and reserved to the public oyster fishery of the State. The oyster bars lying within the section of the bay contiguous to Kent County, exclusive of Swan point bar,+ are designated for the use of dredgers. They are eight in number and cover 2,880 acres. The oyster bars in all other waters in Kent County, including Swan point bar, are reserved for the exclusive use of tongmen. They are fifty-six in number and cover 9,920 acres. Statisticaltables are printed on pages 44-47,in which maybe found the name, date of survey, area and condition of each bar at the time it was examined and the quantity of oysters each bar may be expected to yield during the season of 1910-1911. In none of the localities in which conditions favorable to the growth of oysters are constant, were the oyster grounds found to be seriously depleted from over-fishing, but in those localities where certain natural conditions are adverse to the growth of oysters * The exact locations of these lines are shown on Charts of Natural Oyster Bars, Nos. 28, 29 and 80, and their technical descriptions are given in’ a report entitled “Survey of Oyster Bars of Kent County,” to be published by the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey and filed in the office of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners and with the Clerk of the Court of Kent County. + Section 19 of Article 72 o fthe Code of Public General Laws prohibits the use of dredges within one and one-half miles of Swan Point bar. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 35 during all or a part of the year, such as the head waters of Chester river and its tributaries and the Chesapeake bay, some oyster grounds were surveyed and examined which failed to come up to the adopted standard of a natural oyster bar and were not reserved to the public oyster fishery. The exhausted and barren bottoms located in parts of Chester river and its tributaries are valuable for growing and fattening a limited quantity of oysters; the quantity they will support per acre depending upon the area of productive oyster grounds in their im- mediate vicinity and depending also upon the rate with which the water flows over them. If too many oysters are planted on these bottoms none will fatten and many will die. The depleted and barren bottoms located in the part of the bay adjacent to Kent County will become of very great value for oyster culture when the planting industry in the State shall have grown sufficiently to create a demand for large quantities of seed oysters, for there is every reason to believe that a good catch of spat will be the usual result of exposing cultch during the late summer season in this section. In determining the status of the oyster grounds surveyed in Kent County, a price of sixty cents per bushel was adopted as a maxi- mum value for the oysters produced. The table by which determi- nations were made is printed on page 14. Four applications were received by the Commission in 1906 from persons desiring to continue to hold the oyster lots under the present law which they had leased in Kent County under former law, but in one case only has a lease been perfected. CHESTER RIVER. (Shown on charts of natural oyster bars Nos. 29 and 30.) Natural oyster bars are found in Chester river proper, from the mouth of the river to a point about five miles below Chestertown. The mouth of the river is considered by the Commission to be marked by a line about three and one-half miles in length, con- necting the northernmost point on Kent island with the nearest point on Wickes beach. The oyster bars in the half of the river lying within the territorial limits of Kent County (the part north of the line marking the mid-river channel) are 27 in number and 36 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. ageregate an area of 3,734 acres. They form an almost continuous chain from the mouth of the river to Melton point; the few inter- ruptions to the chain being due, in some cases, to the presence of sand bars and muddy channels, in others to overworked and ex- hausted oyster grounds. The exhausted areas, however, more often involve the parts of bars only which are situated on the hard bot- tom in the shallower waters near shore, the deeper lying parts of such bars, situated on soft bottoms off shore, not having been de- pleted to exhaustion. The oyster bars are confined to the shelf of bottoms between the shore and the edge of the deep mid-river channel. The channel in the Chester river usually presents abruptly sloping sides and very soft, muddy bottoms, and forms a barrier beyond which the oyster bars do not extend, although they have spread over much of the muddy and sticky bottoms in the deep water near, and sometimes quite to, the channel edge. The parts of the bars located on the bot- toms of soft mud beyond the harder borders of the shelf are not uniformly oyster-bearing, but present the usual lump formation pe- culiar to all oyster-bearing muds. None of the oyster bars belonging to the Kent County half of the river extend into the waters of Queen Anne County, but parts of four of the Queen Anne County bars ex- tend across the boundary line into Kent County; viz., Northwest, Follyday, Sheep and Piney Point bars. This is due to the fact that the boundary line is intended to divide the river as equally as possi- ble and at some places does not follow the main channel. Oysters begin to be found near shore at about the 5 or 6-foot depth curve and end in depths varying from about 4o feet, in the lower part of the river, to about 10 feet in the upper part. The density of the water of the river, according to frequent tests made at examination stations on the oyster bars, during June and part of July, was 1.004-1.0064 in the upper part; 1.0042-1.008 in the central part and 1.0062-1.0089 in the lower part. A: very few observations were made on the velocity with which the water flows near the mid-river channel. These indicate a maximum velocity at points in the vicinity of Piney Point, of .85 mile per hour; .5 mile per hour over Chester river middleground and .g mile per hour off Melton point. The record of daily observations on the rise and fall of the tide at Cliffs wharf from June 2d to 30th shows a maximum range of Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commnussioners. 37 the tide for the period of 3.10 feet and a mean range of 1.4 feet. The maximum range at Love Point Light, indicated by observa- tions made from July 9th to August 4th is 2.4 feet, the mean range, .88 foot. The oyster bottoms in Chester river proper which were surveyed, but which, upon examination, failed to measure up to the adopted standard of a natural oyster bar, aggregate a total area of about 850 acres. These exhausted oyster bottoms, varying in size from 3 to about 200 acres, are distributed at numerous places along the entire river shore beginning at a point about two miles above Melton Point oyster bar. In addition to this exhausted bottom there are barren bottoms thought to be suitable for oyster culture aggregating an area of about 150 acres in the immediate vicinity of the ex- hausted bottoms, making in all about 1,000 acres of bottom on the Kent County side of the Chester river on which oyster culture could be carried on with profit. LANKFORDS BAY. (Shown on chart of Natural oyster bars, No. 30.) ~ Lankfords bay, at the point where it joins Chester river, is about three-fourths mile in width. Two miles above its mouth where it has a width of about half a mile, it divides into an east fork and a west fork, each of which is productive of oysters, the former to a dis- tance of about three miles, the latter to a distance of two miles. Five oyster bars are located in the part of the bay below its fork, three in the east fork and four in the west fork, all of which were charted to contain 493 acres. In practically all localities where the bottoms are formed by either soft mud or bald sand, oyster bars were either absent or had been exhausted. With the exception of Drum Point bar, the productive oyster grounds in the part of the bay below the fork are confined to the sticky mud bottoms on either side of the mid-channel over which the depth of water varies from 8 to 23 feet. The part of the channel included within the limits of Drum Point bar, although 38 feet in depth, was stocked with oysters. The channel at other places is deep, soft and barren, but as it is narrow and not suitably located sor oyster culture it was thought proper to include it with the 38 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. oyster-bearing bottoms on either side, thus reducing the number of natural bars and simplifying the work of charting and buoying the same. In both the east and west forks of the bay the productive oyster grounds occupy the soft sandy, muddy bottoms in and near the middle of the stream where the depths of water vary from 9 to 19 feet. In June the water over the oyster bars at the head waters of the forks had a density of 1.0015-1.0034, and 1.0028-1.004 in the part of the bay below the forks. The bottoms in Lankfords bay available and suitable for the purposes of oyster culture aggregate an area of about 275 acres and are distributed as follows: about 100 acres in east fork, 90 acres in west fork and 85 acres in the bay proper. About 200 acres of this planting bottom was once covered with productive oyster bars. GRAYS INN CREEK. (Shown on chart of natural oyster bars No. 30.) Grays Inn creek is a small inlet from Chester river having a width at its mouth of half a mile and a length of about three miles. It is nowhere deep, the depths found over the oyster grounds ranging from 18 to 5 feet. The supply of fresh water is very small compared with the amount of brackish water brought into it from Chester river by the tide, and until recent years it has been produc- tive of oysters to a point two miles above its mouth. Bottoms of soft and sticky mud prevail throughout the channel, and in many places extend quite to the shore. The bottoms near shore are sandy or gravelly and stony, and in some localities they were cov- ered with grass. _ At the time of the survey the water over the oyster grounds had a density of 1.0046 to 1.006. One large oyster bar containing 93 acres occupies the bottoms of the lower part of the creek and extends into Chester river where it joins Willow Bottom bar. The four small grounds surveyed in the upper part of the creek did not measure up to the adopted standard of a natural oyster bar either in condition or in area and were not charted. . The amount of barren bottom in Grays Inn creek available and suitable for the purposes of oyster culture is about 100 acres, one- Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 39 half of which is known to have been productive of oysters in former time. EAST NECK BAY. (Shown on chart of natural oyster bars No. 29.) Fast Neck bay is the name given by the Commission to those waters situated between the mouths of Chester river and Swan creek, east of Swan Point bar and the line which separates the waters of the Chesapeake bay in which dredging may be carried on, from the waters along the Kent County shore where oysters may be taken. with tongs only. Within these waters eight natural oyster bars charted to contain 2,238 acres have been reserved to the public oyster fishery. Bot- toms were pointed out by the local assistant for survey and ex- amination, however, which cover not less than 3,000 acres, and it was evident that the entire strip of bottoms, five and one-half miles in length and averaging more than three-fourths of a mile in width, situated along the shore between the mouths of Chester river and Swan creek, has been productive of oysters until quite recently. At four places on the surveyed area, grounds aggregating about 600 acres were found on which the stock of oysters and cultch had been practically exhausted. Soft and sticky mud bottoms are confined to a very narrow strip bordering the channel south of Swan Point sand bar, and to the middle and edges of the channel between Swan Point sand bar and the Kent County shore. At other places the area surveyed has a bottom of hard sand. The soft bottoms of the channel north of Huntingfield point were stocked here and there with oysters, but below this point the channel is barren. The water over the oyster grounds had a density of 1.005-1.007 during the latter part of July, 1909. The maximum range of the tide at Love Point Light from July 9th to August 4th was 2.4 feet, the mean range, .88 foot. SWAN CREEK. (Shown on charts of natural oyster bars Nos. 28 and 20.) The waters of Swan creek are considered by the Commission to enter East Neck bay along a line connecting Wind Mill point and Swan point. It has a wide, bay-like entrance into which Tavern 40 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. creek empties. This tributary is less than one hundred yards in width at its mouth and its bottoms do not therefore come within the jurisdiction of the Haman Oyster Culture Law. The oyster pro- ducing part of Swan creek proper is also small, being little more than two miles in length and averaging about one-fourth of a mile in width. The value of its 70 acres of natural oyster bar is due to the fact that a large community of oystermen is settled in its vicin- ity. These oystermen resort to the extensive oyster bars in East Neck bay and to Swan Point bar for the greater part of their liveli- hood and pay very little attention to the oysters on the Swan creek grounds except at times when rough weather prevents work in open waters. That the small bars in Swan creek are regularly worked to their fullest capacity, however, is shown by the condition in which they were found at the time of the survey. Two oyster bars were found on the sandy bottoms of the wide, bay-like entrance to the creek, one situated in and beyond the mouth of Tavern creek, covering 12.5 acres and charted under the name Tavern Creek bar, the other, Little Neck bar, is situated west of the channel and includes a part of the soft muddy bottom near the channel on the north. It contains 27 acres and is covered by water having a depth from five to fourteen feet. The grounds in Swan creek proper which measured up to the adopted standard of a natural oyster bar cover 30.5 acres and have been charted within the limits of five small bars. Deep Point bar, situated in the narrow muddy channel just above the steamboat landing, is the only bar in the creek which can be said to be well stocked. Its fine condition is due partly to the deep water with which it is covered and protected, but mainly to the swift cur- rents by which its oysters are fed. The bars in the upper part of the creek are all situated near shore, in shallow water, on bottoms the greater area of which are composed of hard sand, but some are stony and gravelly and some are soft. Swan Creek Upper bar as charted contains two very small bars, one on either side of the stream, and the part of the barren channel between. The water over the oyster grounds in the lower part of the creek had a density of 1.0052-1.006 and 1.0044-1.005 in the upper part. Observations from the houseboat “OYSTER” at the Rock Hall anchorage from August I to 5, inclusive, show that the density varied with the tides from 1.0046-1.007. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commussioners. Al Barren and exhausted bottoms suitable for oyster culture cover- ing about 40 acres will be available for lease when the county iS opened. CHESAPEAKE BAY. (Shown on charts of natural oyster bars Nos. 28 and 29.) The lines bounding the section of the Chesapeake bay adjacent to Kent County, to be opened with the territorial waters of Kent County, which have been established by the Shell Fish Commission for the purpose of leasing the underlying barren bottoms for the purpose of oyster culture, are described in this report on page 34, and they will be technically described and defined in a report en- titled “Survey of Oyster Bars of Kent County,” prepared by Cap- tain C. C. Yates in co-operation with the Shell Fish Commission, and published by the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey.* In this section of the bay nine natural oyster bars which have been charted to contain 6,172 acres, have been reserved to the Pub- lic Oyster Fishery of the State. From eight of these bars oysters may be taken with dredges, but, as stated on page 34, Swan Point bar has been set aside for the exclusive use of tongmen. East Neck Bay bar as chartedappears to be continuous with Love Point bar, the two being separated by the Kent-Queen Anne bound- *ary line. The oyster producing part of the reserved bottom, -how- ever, is confined to the hard sandy area situated northeast of the deep, muddy channel at the end of Love Point sandbar. The water over the bar varies in depth from 20 to 30 feet. As a whole the bar was found to be very much depleted and about 90 acres of the bottoms pointed out for survey and examination failed to meas- ure up to the adopted standard of a natural bar, and was not in- cluded within the limits of the reserved area. Swan Point bar, which constitutes a very considerable part of the ground on which the tongmen of Rock Hall and vicinity secure their livelihood, does not include the sand bar of that name, but lies west of it. Something more than one-half of the bar, the part south of Swan point, is situated upon bottoms composed almost en- tirely of sand, but with sufficient sediment intermixed to produce * Copies of this report, and the accompanying charts, can be secured by apply- ing to the Superintendent of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, Washing- ton, D. C. 42 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. an ideal oyster bottom, and it supports a practically continuous growth of oysters. The depths of water over this part of the bar vary from 8 feet to 25 feet. The bottoms upon which the northern half of the bar is situated are mostly soft or sticky and the oysters grow in lumps and patches. The depth of water over the inshore limits of this part of the bar averages about 13 feet except at the extreme northern end where the depth is about 5 feet and the bot- tom hard and stony. The depths over the outer limits vary from 2S Mectskor4 5 1eet. The seven bars which remain, lie within the area generally known as the Lumps, and a considerable portion of their bottoms is soft and unproductive.’ Each bar, Mitchell's Bluff Buoy bar excepted, contains one or more hard, sandy shoals, however, on which a con- tinuous growth of oysters or a good stock of cultch is found. It is probable that oysters became established first on these shoals and that they have been spread to the adjacent sticky and soft ee terae as a result of the work of dredgers. Hodges and Tolchester Lump bars are found on the sloping, sandy beach along the Kent County shore, and their soft, lumpy bottoms are confined to their off-shore borders, which extend to the edge of the deep mid-bay channel. The in-shore borders of both bars are situated on very hard bottoms on which stones are abund- ant at places. Oysters begin to be found at depths of 5 to 8 feet on each bar and were taken on each at depths of 40 to 50 feet. About three-fourths of the area included within the limits of Hodges bar and one-half that of Tolchester Lump, is productive. Fully one-half of Gales Lump bar is situated on an extensive sandy shoal over which the depth of water varies from 7 to 12 feet. The bottom on the greater part of the remaining area is composed of sticky, sandy mud on which oysters or cultch are practically con- tinuous. The bar as charted takes in a portion of the productive bottoms generally known as the “Tea Tables” and a considerable area of the barren bottom between Gales Lump and the lower part of the Tea Tables. It also contains a small amount of soft, muddy bottom on the east where it extends to the mid-bay channel. The depths of water over the parts of the bar beyond the hard, sandy shoal vary from 12 to 21 feet. About three- fourths of the bar as. charted is productive. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commussioners. 43 The bottoms included within the limits of Mitchell’s Bluff Buoy bar are all muddy and soft and oyster lumps cover about one-tenth of the reserved area. Deep Shoal, Coal Lump and Phenix bars are all found on and around elevated sandy shoals and about one-half the area of each as charted is oyster-bearing. At the highest points on the shoals the recorded depths of water are 9 feet, 10 feet and 9g feet respec- tively, and their outer limits extend upon soft bottoms over which the greatest recorded depths are 29 feet, 32 feet and 24 feet re- spectively. The survey of the grounds in this section covers two periods, part being done in July and August and part during October. During the first period the water over the grounds in the upper part of the section had a density of 1.0036-1.004 at low tide and 1.004- 1.0056 at high tide. The density in the lower part varied from 1.0048-1.006. During October the density of the water over the whole section had increased to 1.008 and 1.0108. The density of the water at the anchorage of the houseboat “Oyster” in Worton creek, from August 6 to 12, inclusive, varied from 1.002-1.0036. A few observations were made on the rate of flow of the cur- rents over the grounds situated in and near the mid-bay channel which indicate a maximum rate of 1.8 miles per hour. The maximum range of the tide, as indicated by the records kept ‘at Tolchester wharf from August 6 to II, 1909, is 1.8 feet. the mean range 1.01 feet. The bottoms pointed out for survey as having been productive within recent years which failed to measure up to the adopted stand- ard of a natural bar, aggregate an area of about 1,000 acres. 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AN Pte epee tenes yD EMAC Et GEr6o |9GGPS | S8Ee| SLES LG|\GLE\G |& 18 BU Be 8 OPUS ee OUM CE Sas oe eae epee eee ould | LT ‘panuyjuog—KINNOO LNUM JO SUVA UALSAO TVAOLVN Pertti 16 16 WIL ea raat 9'T ee . 6 te) . . . eee De I IN MISO oe shee peedr es O OMG) UBME a cay} OUCTE ZOL GS Work Tee F F GFP 9 . . oe ee MWre ACHINH eee che riya yo aceneas® EU ABIET eau s a6 GST aan G'9z ST 9° oe oe i} L . . . eee Be A[ne Rus) s,'e |9 | 26s | OOF | 9g Angi tts pregsuyuny 2 SES LE O80 | VLOG) LLP | ee | 96/6 |S GPL | AOBe | 96 AME tt Bayadg wing ioe GF6'8 OF9'S PFS JOO EE P24) GOS COS 1 7A0) Fae eae cai “"9G Aqne ee oes eee LB Se Uo DUH ~ G89 LET | €96'SE 88G<| 919 |9F |LCS|P 19 G&& CLS iam lia ae Se DUTE EO Gi AUG (gece eter et nome Ysrey ITAA D 9¢9°G8 | ZSF'6I PLOG SLE | cise ee 9a Ses 8&9 SRS | ae ve SARC AUR at ciae” TO OT eae pia c -—«sOTS*Ga | Terex | ove] Fea [Le |eee|s |% | O08 | BFe | gg Amel sss dummy eournug = ‘AVE MOGUN LSVa ao ie A TR 2 ala Ps 3 Sb | Ss +39 ee ¢ | 2 laly > > i=) mai | Dm wes SE Ss (=) Wey IS os os aa oe es 19g Chee (ake Sag cereal eee ae NS le ae Es es a ar a Fh | Fh na Be ict} Eb oF po | er ts | ere. <9 8 5 | O| § 5 = Gi8| @e | ge | | @ i . a 3 is suopyeryuee se (ee ee se rea WOT VUPWAV XG ‘VG J0ISfO JO ouTEN nee ‘aloy aodsao0q | -xq jospsoo 5 5 |puv svaing jo 71¥q = Gay BRUSES (O) -skQ o1qRIJey | -ey Wory pa > | > | | S ANREP LECT -IBJN SToysug | -ze[NIeV9 se | ‘e) e x es OR ehOe ‘ON oSeaoAW | ‘PADS aeg| | 2 reed he JO aBUlIIS @ Tee | J aeeee €& Ge Tg OS 6P SP LY OF Cr La &P CP IF “IBvg JO JOqmUInN 46 — 47 ISSIONELS. «JUIOd UBMGY,, Jdvox9 S1espaip JO OsN 9} OJ poLVUSISOp Sa¥Beq {[V x Report of the Board of Shell Fish Comm 6ITS| ZsLT9 retell aust ene yori ee ee oe OT F F 68 OF Fe ELON ASIAING) |e cic ee oes ST ROU XINWY JI GO9‘9T | OSa's GPs CG SEE IF |F rae (yan Mal csc O01 LONI Ce pea So (i 0 sla ek Mae aio “"TRoyg deed ZIS9T | OGO'T G98 | SS- r= |S bee ie SST ORC) = OWS Gm SUIT Batata ee “*-durny [Bop OSS‘OL | FSS‘L PFS | L26E | L'9S1S9S|F | | OZ (67 Sf emarena e 2 We STAESN g OT a duinT 10}8aqo[OF, FSO | E8812 | L869] SSIS |STZ/608|/F |F | 68 rE [Or ysnenyl ss * Long Png §,[eysI IL 966'STT | 686'9 TE Ge | 8 Soot Oi al pee OGL | Sla6E)|" “F390 TE OF Aaya) S0G6'SZT | 9S6°ST [SF] S24E |6E |S'9|F |S 896 SEGA WE UR yee SULA oes eat ae ne eS RD a Ey GUE =| Srhe DOT LNG We Geer ols SLT OU gis acces AG AML Oe rae aie ‘AB WON VA StF 106) F712 009) FLOS| SLES |S9L| TS/OL|IL| eee) céecs|°'s “snV ‘0S ‘6% AINE st quI0g urs *« AVEA/AMVAdVSUHO ¢°ZOr OL ECL CCT L'6L L'6L eT cor F 7 8 CCL Biel a-ofteriere \ehaitena “Te Aine svete te sereleets aaa ene **yoorQ WIOAR I, FEL 91Z emit 602 Lz it oe oe 6 2 éPsjoreliw a ensicel site Sic A[nE cece eee eee rddQ ‘yoorp URAS “‘papnjoavogo—ALNNOO LNAM AO SUVA UALSAO IVUNLVN 48 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. THE: UPPER, BAY “LUMPS” -PROBEEM-AN D GEE CULT Aw: INTRODUCTION. On account of frequent controversies and discussions in which the “Lumps,” situated in the upper part of the Chesapeake bay, are the subject, the results of the examinations of these oyster bottoms which were carried on by the Shell Fish Commission will be re- ceived with more than usual interest by those who take an active interest in problems connected with the oyster fishery because great difficulty has been experienced in securing accurate and unbiased information concerning the conditions which prevail in this section. The object in stating and briefly discussing the problem presented by the lumps in this connection, however, is that the General As- sembly may see how the problem involves not only the relatively unimportant oyster grounds known collectively as “the lumps,” but that it presents a condition which may involve and threaten the wel- fare of the entire oyster industry of the State, and one therefore that calls for consideration and solution. THE CASE AS REPORTED. The belief seems to be general that an enormous area of natural oyster beds exists in the part of the bay situated above a line con- necting Bodkin point, on the Western Shore, with Swan point, on the Eastern Shore, on which young oysters become attached in ex- traordinary abundance each spawning season only to stunted in their growth or possibly killed in the spring by the floods of fresh water which are poured into the headwaters of the Chesapeake by the Susquehanna river and other tributaries following the spring rains and thaws. It is said that on account of the many vicissitudes which attend the lives of these oysters they seldom attain market- able size, but that fully 90% of the stock on the beds even at the end of the oystering season is made upofoysters measuring less than 214 inches in length, hence not marketable under the Cull Law, and that it is not profitable to cull out the large quantity of undersized oysters in order to secure the 10% of salable stock. It is known that the canning houses of Baltimore are in a position to handle enormous quantities of oysters and that their demand Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 49 covers small as well as larger stock, and it is stated that they have a decided preference for the stock grown on the Lumps on account of the plumpness of these oysters and their peculiar ability to retain their plumpness after having passed through the canning processes. PUBLIC ATTITUDE TOWARD VIOLATIONS OF THE CULL LAW. Coupling this demand of the packers for the stock on the Lumps, with the belief that all oysters which may be left on these grounds at the end of the oytering season will almost surely be killed by the Spring freshets and thus entirely lost to the trade, and also with the further idea that none of the oysters will be gathered unless the dredgers are assured that violations of the Cull Law will be winked at or at least that the law will be very leniently enforced; in view of these reports and beliefs, there is a growing willingness on the part of the public to look with favor upon the nonenforcement of the Cull Law, as far as the oysters taken from the Lumps aré concerned, in order that the greatest possible quantity of these oysters may be saved to the trade before the end of the oystering season. As evi- dence of this attitude we have only to recall the apparent unconcern — with which the frequent reports of wholesale violations of the Cull Law on the Lumps and of an extensive traffic in unculled oysters from the Lumps, have been received. The desire of the public that these oysters should not be lost is a commendable one, but is it not possible that the public is somewhat misinformed both as to the conditions which prevail on the Lumps and also as to the possibility of restricting the traffic in unculled oysters to the stock from the Lumps? Is it not possible that the reports which have been given out as to the area covered by the oyster-producing grounds in the upper part of the bay and as to the quantity of small oysters annually produced on these grounds, have been greatly exaggerated purposely in order to create a sentiment in favor of a lax enforcement of the Cull Law for these oysters, under the cover of which cargoes of unculled oysters from the natural bars in other sections of the bay and tributaries might be success- fully marketed. THE CASE AS DEVELOPED BY THE SURVEY. The results of the survey of the oyster grounds in question show that the area covered by the Lumps is not nearly so extensive as has 50 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. been reported, and the examinations which were made, indicate that the reported quantity of small oysters which the Lumps annually produce, is excessive. The productive oyster grounds situated above a line connecting Bodkin point with Swan point, exclusive of Swan point bar, include the following natural oyster bars: Area Quantity Name of Bar. Area Actually Oysters on Bar* Reserved. Productive. When Surveyed. A peor eam see Se Anne Arundel County. Acres. Acres. Bushels. Bodkinweoimt mortise mantels ciel cleus 547 PGS 14,300 “Lumps,” east of Craighill Channel.. 2,048 650 161,850 Baltimore County. Millers) LSlang emp errs ccierersien pur sdamng jo 918q : es] -ay] WOT] pe | 8 5 | = -ye[noaeg se | se op e ‘PA ‘DS J9g | 8.10}ShQ ‘ON eseloAy “ALNNOO SANNV ‘ NAGOAG FO SUVA UALSAO TVHOLVN 69 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. GL6‘ST S68°L GEG G 9ZS'E 696'66z FLO EL GEL 6 GSS 9T SOS Sss'g OOS TLL CIS‘ LF €88'6 OLT'L 00888 GEL ‘OL 969'F 60G'F G9 '6FE GEF6cL LOF FL LES LE 6EL TSO‘ FGF IST LEP 6F EF6 0G GLL‘9 163'LF SLL‘SI 8sc‘9 6S GGG GL LSGr S'Sst 9° SFI GGS 6G PIS SOL cot GCS 9EGL G9GL O'GSG 7 CCl GAG G°S6 6996 L Vol G6 |G G’ss |v’ SOL |6 is) STE }9 6'GE | 8 VLE Lg |S: i ats) 98 | GLIIG MAND H HSA im 66 |9 FL OE io) SL | LOL 86 | 79 GVE|GLL Seo (GAGE N= vale oO) Sse. V9 cor IS IG PLT SOL || "SS-PUBET ASUS thy "eo ese citene ie AO Te LOOPS | S8ZSLT | STI6L| G86 |L1°9 |9TZ\E |S OLG ESE |S SS DUB: GL IS AMy S98 erie AU OS uOm | Sp. SIL‘'8S | 2Le°LT ELE) GL |S |C0CiF 18 GG LOS | SRE ASM Sty eee ase Pele orT esloT TRANG ee FLUE 000‘e 6S 0g FE le Z - TZI 09 ECOG Sg ysnsny ps PO Oa EROID SC 029 5 | Soy IP 9T6T | 681°C GOSS SiS iG Lice Ss 69 SBq Ae Oe Sn eS amy ee oe Or AUS 00L‘°S | LIO'S GL sgs |2¢ |F9 |F |S 6& 95° |" 2GG PUB Te IBS ye os Se IO” ONT GE 80L‘8 | 08s‘ PGSP| GOLT ZLISiIG|¢@ |g 66 0G. |. "SG PUB es ISHS Y=" pr ee TOTO POOL | se G96% | OSL‘T 9°0L GiEPan | SiGe Petey ||| 19 cr |’ °° Ss pue gg Jsnsny)"******"SMOIIBN pus] JUay | LE OZEIT | O9G°L 6°SOT GL OEP | iGalela| eee kG COL GPL |° °° "Gg PUB ST sMNSNWl "ste ss*-VAOD [TAM | 9E S96°LT | TSS‘OL SS9L| Lt6 |F9 SEIS IF OTT bbe 3g. Glee HTS} CEC Ma er aad SNCs a Fe iyo be Alar 02966 | TOLTS | F6LI 146 199 |S'0G|9 /8 G&G OLG 4 2ho. DablOg, Gl Says ee eae DOOR Pe GSP'Sh | PILLE | 388 GOL NaS 19:8) (8) EE |= S6r 80G |" "FS PUB OZ ‘BLT “sNy|"-° °° °° sss *HVaID UIQRD] ge P&6 9G | FEL‘O8ST | OGG! OCEL |S El | CRF 19 SSOL| P26 | “SE “AON ‘FS ‘0G “BN V\"* MOBIO IW MBG] Ze 996°LT |S86GE | SIG | FZ8SL/FCL or IF [& LOT JSS —|5SP AON (PUe OG Payee oe ese Te PA ES ‘UVN GIST CNAM JGNV AVE LORdSOUd ee ee fee ee |e ee le gay | se . = en On § by ° ° i) 2S A oe co oo Rote) eases mh» | Fh mM wo c oe one Bee oe a wiQ]|/ eR | 88 5 ee ase He Jy | a 1S | 4 ga S o | Ss os io) ees | eee an an 5 - n iy be e “uor}eULWe 38 5 TOT} BVUTMABX . 2 = se ERS ‘aad 10d 810} Sato aiie > > (pure svaIng jo aeq Ivgq 19}8KQ JO oN oo BOs BIER AO -SXQ d[qB}OY | -eY Wor pe 8 a | FS 91qB]0 YIVW -IVJW STeysNg | -Je[No[eO se i 2 ad 35 OKC EEIO ‘ON OSBI0AV | "PA ‘bg dod JO oJBUIIISH Poe ES 8 ot een Fa USSUONECTS. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Comm 98L‘ST LGG'6 SLFT F8L'‘9 FOS‘ TTL‘SF FOCI F6F'S 9gg‘L F686 86161 8c9'ST F68'S OSl‘F C8F‘0G COS‘0Z OTS‘LT ZES‘LO FS80‘0OL €26'TS 0Ez‘L8 S0F‘ZE SOT‘e OLZ‘TE LEZ‘ T90'TT OSTLT STE‘19 LOLST 696'G S19'8 0928 TIS ‘Fz 8ZE'ZS TS0‘9T c69'9 To¢e'Te €26'SE TGF‘Gs G68'TS TFS'TL 616‘L9 9106S FES‘s9 @Tcr LYIG GIP S str be) oT ¢ LON, pue LZ 90 LON OD HO COM HHA O10 MT WOODARDOONMOOE © xH OD 69 19 6 Cg 1D 19 CO © > Nl = oe | E | SS So Fe |e ars ale es ating ne ee an Oe ri a Veto fey fet Ua fais = =a ett | Be, | oS Ee 28, Weaite all eeritoes otter hey ee pane) eee | s | wa (Sly is _ ai ‘uoeunme | OFS) 5} UOT] VUIWIR XG aoe Teel ‘aI V dod $10} een spzoo| | e > > pue sevang jo o1eq Iv_ 10}SAQ JO oUBN M10 BI01.8 20 -sAQ o[qujey | -eyworypa, g hell SCTE st TN -IBWW Sjeysng =| -Fe[noyeQ se | 2 eG 50 ONE TeiOgk oe St eeqeet sp amas ae || | jo ajumpis@ | A ots Shyer | | } | ‘panuyuog—KINNOO S.ANNV NAGNO AO SUVA UALSAO TVYOLYN 73 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. esi | 9c09 LOS OGL | OFS LE | SSS Lae Sib. 99 9. eg [aGOrz |S des Tes live Oceal Ol 2 cae ook "ress qUTOd @A0'T | 86 z6c's6_ | Fes‘er | we9 | ELZ |6T 12 1G Ise Eccl . OOSL | “G Ides PuelLp samy le Pe aust gs Yyool) prorg | 16 OGL CE (LESS | LOE | Gls. |6L Lieal9 19 FFG Z68 | L puv T doquiaydag) "sss asnoy, Wot | 96 O8O0'OL | 0c6'L CG || ee eG ee eo) ba Pal @ 916 OGL |2 22 G PUGS eq urs] Cage ssc came mec laeiae JO DIGT wnry | 6G GLOLE GLO Pee | Gist. | este 6) Web ke ho FOOL | 6&8 | “Ie Pues G Jequiejdog):**+*""":+°": "**"qulod JUey | $6 LOT SCT | ‘AVG AMNVAAVSAHO $I 168 COZ LFF ely adie el 6 eather amemoes seeerop gungl tcc ct tte aAog arava | 86 COF 900'T Riera amet [aor GoM h bees alps ale SI SL | 3 Se PUBTOL AUN gs eS AO UONsSOd a6 col E13 Ovieis ORs | bee pc ree CL OF elec "eter PP OUNUE |e. be: Rateee “""qulog diqg | 16 009'F | 00S8'L SCs ar Gee | OSL 162, 1G ts rE feral opt Aiea We oa ace C5) GA!) (|| aco ds SEO AD java Aaxourgy | 06 €0c‘9 1z9'9 G'Oy (FPL) eG 69 e G GS 88 [> 70°C, Olas siiele fe “0 oun Ce eC *qUlOg UMOT, 68 ‘MMAIU |\VOISUOO ‘papnjav0og—KINNOO SANNV NGGNO AO SUVA UALSAO TVUNLVN 74 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. FIELD AND OFFICE WORK. In the tables which follow a detailed report 1s made of the work carried on during the year 1909 by the field party of the Shell Fish Commission, and statistics are compiled to show the results of the combined operations of Federal Bureaus and the State Commission. ANCHORAGES OF HOUSEBOAT “OYST9R” FROM JANUARY 1 TO DECEMBER 31, 1909. Baltimore— AtsS ped dem’ s Wart oo ioloe, vie; elaicla She iererale) wheels koh eletere January 1 to April 13, Kent County— IG IEEE Siew Oree gad dogogagaauogucoscd soc cdoor April 14 to May 25, OlifismWihart) Chester Eversciecssisetetelelelcllkete cnet aiencrat ors May 26 to June 30, Baltimore— SpeddentsmWobairrtcyers-g-)otaeicnstenehe chee el teens cusiove eieneteierenserarctta July 1 to July 5, Queen Anne’s County— ESM tN LO WS etece wis 5 oer cleiCae epsheualin ke sascer ache rare ny saetlcleleete July 6 to July 21, Kent County— Rocksballe ‘Swan Greekae cierercysicusucie lejsiciorsvehenel ie elley eleastens July 22 to August 4, Wrortom! Oree lk eccccckocsieiene ox ters iste pate en varton euler sunlierevotare August 5 to August 12, Queen Anne’s County. Kent INALLO WS! eee che coolers tone aerate aicvehe ohesalielisuste ren onenee August 13 to August 27, Talbot County— Haddoway’s Cove, Poplar Island Narrows........ August 28 to August 30, Poplar sland yEarporcrccc cosecveieele eictieieloree August 31 to September 21, Dunnis Cover HaLrrisv Greeks cue jeiele ereiee eet September 22 to October 15, Glaiporne HASternV EADY. ae celle cl elieleherctels.cis okcioieyels October 16 to October 28, Mil candies Oreeksavaccucier iets chercie stekels| dievohe seeks) ore October 29 to November 30, St Michaels Miles ARV EIS srs leienelekelistelefels oye cts December 1 to December 20, Baltimore— Speddenm?SsWiiHarkescccns erecstteuereter vets) tein oot ane December 21 to December 31, 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 1909. 190% 75 L ‘S£Bp G “300 {S}O1 FL ‘sep g “Jeg ‘s}o] 2 ‘skep g “SNy oa [Zz (shup % ‘lady $s}9o] ¢ ‘skep fF ‘Gorey $40] T ‘Avp T “qo : ‘DIN ‘PIO USIONELS. LS: 08 Sle 08) Se Tea Ob ots a OSes (Seals 9 9 L 8 9 g G L v G v 4 T SSE Se kos eT I I a0 ; : I easel e - T Cee Oe Ete gere ee oce : : F Sate hen a CO | ame rei og / 9 Peat ie eRe I T eget) GE. LG Ga -SG ‘20q, ‘AON “90 ‘Jdeg “Sny A[ng sung Avy []Idy “avy “qoay “ueL Aer Se yy ese moar Re Rests 7) ‘606T ‘Te OAT OL T ‘NVEL ‘ALUVd ATEIA AO Report of the Board of Shell Fish Comm *S} 0 6 ‘sfup @ “AON ‘!S8}0T 810] G ‘sep F ‘Ayu S10, 8 ‘shBp ‘G oUNE :S}0T J ‘SAUD G G ‘ABN S}OT OT ‘SABP 8 ‘GO6L “UBL :S}OT FL ‘SABP FI ‘SOGT “V9 YSlIM JB vsoyjJo Fouvig JO o31BY9 Ul JddUTSUO JUVLISISSV x sora DO ago'o HAD ado CU OCU GRCOCOUaM odode Uo moe san [e1OL, *-sfepljoy puew sAvpung *(oJo ‘SoSNvS OPI} SUT “HEIIBI8e “aydteasoxpsy IOJ gaaeed YAIOM SNOVUL[[OOSTIL Sane eke tererereseses MIRd play SUIAOW pasesue SABC tee eee eee eee CRONE Chacha sheous ohenoneesonen(( 1 OUL 29s ) MB OIN{NO 131840, Uvue Ey Japun s}o[ 193ShO Suré9Aans pasevsua sAvd. oer vee be rece eerste eeeeeeeeerereserss® SIpq TRIN ou Jo SioU100 YIvVU 0} Sfonq Surysi[qeyse Ul Lesesue SABC Ses See Seas Sehseeae eee SL Om POLED (aouapuodsed109 voygo pue sole ‘Sujeld ‘sprode1 sulyeoljdnp) YaomM voyjo ‘YIOM OPIS}NO IOJ JYUN VIO SUOTIIPUOD JeqIBeM UOYM SABC “910, Bg PUB STTOdBUTY }¥ YAOM VoIYO Ul pesesue sf{Vq sees s-sqo7 Jaysdo plo Suparyo puv SursoaAins ul postsue sAvq totes ressseessgapq JajsfO [BIn}BU SulA9AINS Ul pesesue SARC —posesus sq}UOjT SNOILVUGdO AO INGWALVLS GHLVTINEVL . MIUSSTONELS. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Com 76 we oe eS l,i 1g a eRe ie OZL s GLC 000°EL OO'LIT L198 —OPL PES LI—ZOr'T 69F'GE—Ees's POLS —F99 ‘SOUT “90d SO Osteo GOG FOS LT GOS 9°S6 “AON ee che, #) 6/0) ©116)101.¢) 0) 0.81910) 8) ¢\eiLe. ejrane)relce, elie a G FIL GS8GL ‘sny ‘Aine S6z'T 9696 LOGE TP9L das (ER d a GG GERNON bye Sa Oden) O Oucioncen oor Of COO OO Ge ct oes 55 Ghetayeus cee euene ite eld a 6) oWeleneelieiarce ellewpice| site Jefe 6, 6) qeekene renee) ev.6 oe oe oe oe a. oun ARTY ICY Avy qos Ue f° a! 6O06L Stee eee e tener teeter ee eee ree eresessnoqiRyo puR PofLBAINSad ‘MT JOULIOJ JoepuN Pesve] ‘S}OT 19}SLO0 Jo shes poPONAJSMOD S]IBYD SuISvo] 0) @re) he 6 ele Pete e eee eee cree eeereeseee Mur QInNnO 1ayskOQ ULB Avpun padvAang 80] 19}840 Jo ese) 6he.0\el-e 00) a) 9) 6a! (es A elie aisle sis "* * paYST[qvjsa sfonqg 9184S jo “sss poAVAINS Sa1dB JO terereree ss NSKQAINS SO[IU VIBNDS. FG SOUL] SUIPUNOS TO Pa} Roo] SuOTIISOd Jo se wees e ees vee NOATISO SOpsty JO toes eens eee ss TIONB) SSUIPUNOS JO "+9 SUT] Surpunos —posesuo SUUOTT ‘606 ‘TE ‘OUd OL T NV£ ‘ALUVd GIAIA AO SNOILLVUAdO AO CNAWALVLS GALVIN VL ToquinN TO QUIN TOCUUN ro(wuny TOQuInN TOU N TOU N ToqunN ToquunN JO SOLAN 6S1 eye CLG 1G 0G ras) FES'9 FO'FSG 6ES°LIT 6820 Sgs'T 90 g SOL'SS FG LO6‘GFL ‘TIGL JO Surads oy} ur posonq oq TPM Sarq AAT eysoy -eja[duroouy aq [[TM SoTUNOD SeuUY Teoh?) PUB dLOUTI[VE “WOM SAID “FS GZ es G OL ¢ oa z I II I F & cr 5 ae e GFG'T $9 ISt TL erl GT L¥L GS GI OLL 0G 0s OT GP LO'LYV 69'S 96'0G LSP OSS'SE O80'T G18 S9'T S186 SiS 9°S9T GS8é a Ge 4 TS IcLee -O10'S GOS‘SE &8se S6 € $9 cL ——= a ee ee Q Ce ema e © Lee B 9 co) cate ee cs B > : 5 > S = ® @, Rh O8L'Es GGL ‘ANOL WOU ALVIS GNV LNANWNYHAOD 9T 1g ieee , G L L G te G G G G 8S G G 199 L¥L GUL C6 C6 OF LET OLL UF SL SF O€ Geog . rs? $8 G6eG LL 6F9'S LSE S S'GOFG O6S GFL bee] GGIPcL ESOT SE0'G GF 8 GT ae Nene tS OO ero Se ie z 5 a) Oo fo) a Z E ‘ o = 5 = FOG LT ia) FCT 90¢ g SOLE FG GSPE'LG e L& OGG SGT 8g 6FO'LE GCP GIES ‘pokonqd [[@ Jou AJUNOD JU x JO Savq 1oISAO.oyT, 4 IOJ SOYSILIS ajolduroy Sursvoy] 10x todo FAyUT) » . = - “MLT MoU Jopun posoAAINS S}oP tagsKO Jo ABquInN hes “sss paxypayo SJOL 19}SAO- Ply JO A9quInN ret teses ss NOTSITGBISA STOTIRIS aplt jo requinN CC ee *poystpqnd s.aByo .LdISLO SES TR OTOOND Ta CeO CeO) gre z{oksH (Ol ASM) rehed SI43)9 | teres eee ers ss noqIBId pu porvdeid suolpoloag Presse ss HOATdNIIO SUOTJBIS WOLBSTSOAU! 10}SAO “TOTPL[NSuLiay Aq patorod oul] V1OYS JO-Soa[1 UWOIL[NSULTA] AQ PolWAOD 1OYVAL JO SopTU oiVNADS Peers HOUSTTGRISA SYIVUL puvyl UOLRPNSury, terre reese sostirpunos AQ PpotoAoOd Sot attends vee e eee Deen sees eererees+ St0}]0q [24S LAO SSUTPVIALIITM URI) PUB SsuTpUnOS oquinN (77818) SU10}}0q [[eYS 19AO SouT[ suULpUnOS JO SOTLN hrreeses noord puv pe Bodo] skonq 1oyshO 9}LI8 bebe eee neers sees teres sgnaq TLD JO SAV ‘palvouljep puxw psAoVAINS Spoq TBO JO ToquInN sees eee seer eeerseess eenroq}0g qudo JO Sedov sorts se pajRoulfep puew peAsAINS Su0}}Og GvID coy'ee **peyBoulpep pur pasaaAaNs S1eVq 1oJSAO JO SaIOV ZG ‘po]voUlfop puv posVAANS SALq IoJSLO JO TOQUINN ee 5 8 DO be ar} = B 2 ®, ‘606T ‘16 NAANWAOAC OL ‘906T HO SNOLLVUAdO GUNIGAWOO AHL JO SUTASAU FO SOLESTLLVLS i 78, Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. REPORT OF OPERATIONS FOR THE PROMOTION OF OYSTER CULTURE. The oyster lands in the following counties and in the sections of the Chesapeake bay adjacent thereto, not reserved by the State as public oyster or crab fisheries, have been opened by the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners for lease for the purposes of oyster cul- ture on the dates which appear in the table below: | End of Period of | End of Period of | End of Period of | Priorlty in Leas- County Date of Filing Right of Appeal | Priority in Leas- | ing for Oystermen : Charts of From Result of | ing for Owners of | and Date When Oyster Bars. | Survey. Land. All Citizens May Lease Lands. Anne Arundel |June 20, 1907. | Oct. 20, 1907.. | Feb. 20, 1908..} Aug. 20, 1908. Somerset ....|July 1, 1908...) Nov. 1, 1908..|March 1, 1909.) Sept. 1, 1909. Wicomico ....|/Dee. 1, 1908..|April 1, 1909..|Aug. 1, 1909..|Feb. 1, 1910. Worcester ... {April 12, 1909.) Aug. 12, 1909. |Dec. 12, 1909. .| June 12, 1910. Calvert ios Dec, 14, 1909..; April 14, 1910.| Aug. 14, 1910. |Feb. 14, 1911. The bottoms available for oyster culture in the remaining seven ‘tide-water counties will be opened for lease as soon as the result of the surveys of the oyster grounds can be tabulated and the charts of the natural oyster bars constructed and printed, the last probabiv not later than December 31, 1911. The number of applications which have been received for leases to lands for the purposes of oyster culture; the number of leases which have been granted; the area and location of each leased lot; the number and location of leased lots on which rents have not been paid ; the number and location of lots to which the leases have been cancelled; the number, area and location of the lots to which leases are now valid and the name and address of each lessee, are given in a series of statistical tables on pages 79 to 92. ; The number of lessees of oyster lands and the area leased for the purposes of oyster culture reported herein, is clearly no indication of the interest in oyster culture which exists in Maryland nor a measure of the success which may be attained through the present plan of developing the industry. The opportunity to lease lands for oyster culture has been offered to all classes of citizens in four > an Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 79 counties only and in one of these counties, Worcester, no lands have been leased, although it is a well known fact that oyster culture is being successfully carried on in Worcester County waters on a fairly extensive scale. The Oyster Culture Law, in its present form, fails to provide means of compelling compliance with its leasing provis- ions on the part of individuals who use oyster lands belonging to the State, and the oyster planters of Worcester County and many planters in other counties, are taking advantage of this imperfection in the law. The Commission has recommended* that the law be so amended as to make it impossible for a citizen to appropriate and use oyster lands belonging to the State without full compliance with all the provisions of the law. Many citizens of the State have been deterred from entering the field of oyster culture also because of the failure of the law to grant privileges to oyster planters known to be essential to success in oyster culture, and not until these privileges have been granted and all of the lands of the State suitable and available for the p-urpeses of oyster culture have been opened for lease, will it be time to judge of the possibilities of oyster culture in Maryland. APPLICATIONS FOR LEASES. * * TO LANDS FOR THE PURPOSES OF OYSTER CULTURE RECEIVED BY THE BOARD OF SHELL FISH COMMISSIONERS TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1910, FROM: Residents Under Residents Under Pecan aw, Lessees Under. Present Law to Former Law. Dec. 15, 1908. Sane Last eport. Counties. No. Acres. No. Acres. No. Acres. No. Acres. Anne Arundel...... 26 112.20 63 358.75 25 170.00 114 640.95 Jaeulicibaavon seve, vers Ge COs d caw Ma Ae eee GEIS Sete abe eigisiels Noe Wi srerealene Mee ate tt @aliviert« aiacuis dee 93 3238.46 DOA ee 23 192.70 116 516.16 @harleseee sas cee. 733. AN Ses One: Cerin 1 10.00 24 115.65 Worchester 2302-102 165 “(6:35 ack du mlrererete Pepe ae 168 776.35 GME ral ve carol er ceo waar 1 De alerts) 1 3.00 Bick ol NEA a Br ere Oste Queen Anne’s...... 15 61.87 Me irpioomart Bas Capea ei Pe fo mw Gleer SOMETSEU woo side sole 301 1526.37 40 350.00 45 487.00 886 2313.37 Ria ViaIny Sisevans sani 73 250.46 Die les OO) ay 2B OT0) 79 286.46 AMEN OY0y Fe ee eee Pi creat 84 365.35 2 10.00 tide ae eleva RR 86 375.35 WiHeOMICO) Job cise ll B4 BO Be Rratang 16 160.00 87 506.70 Wioreesten Hi ta8 ito Syaatene Ae ERO talisseen tase 853 3885.16 109 734.75 118 992.70 1075 5613.61 * See page 105. * * When, in 1906, opportunity was given to the 4009 holders of oyster lots un- der former law to retain their lands under the present law, 853 only made appli- cation and 472 finally executed new leases with the State. 8o Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. LEASES GRANTED.** TO LANDS FOR THE PURPOSES OF OYSTER CULTURE BY THE BOARD OF SHELL FISH COMMISSIONERS TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1910. Residents Under Residents Under Lessees Under PresentiLaw io Present Law Former Eaw. Dec. 15. 19 8 Since Last s Report. Counties. No. Acres No. Acres. No. Acres. No. Acres. Anne Arundel...... 18 70.95 27 1389.13 19 57.50 54 267.58 BaAlLuiMOTe= ke clever Sel Price eee Stent cheer RR EP Bese e Calvert ee 59 226.61 2 6.00 61 232.61 GQharles? = sa sgnacse 15 58.65 Sl goaae ; BES Ais 15 58.65 Worcehester® 3.26265 SO). Si2eb2 Bie: NEUG Ge Sp ate ee 80 372.52 IN eT te Pay ater oe 1 5.00 eet re em aren Per ciessieaves 1 5.00 Queen Anne’s*..... Te 27.39 See PLT Noon Saha Ob siatorens ts ia 27.39 NOMEES GE ase mene 190 946.88 CaO eG 53 494.00 243 1440.88 Sta Miaisy2 Se ane oor eel SHS as ars eet owe siete 35 124.41 Mal Ot sass seats een ee 48. 195.77 tea) oS Ade Se Mobeni 48 195.77 WVCOMCOM sss 19 89.12 Sa eae ties 17 165.00 36 254.12 WORCESTER): eee ae PE ALO LAS 2a eA set 472 2117.30 Par. lee) te: Si 722350 580 2978.93 ** Five leases, in addition to the above, have been granted under the present law—two in Anne Arundel County and three in Somerset County—which have not been signed by the applicant and returned to the office to be recorded. *Barren bottoms not opened for lease for the purposes of oyster culture. LESSEES IN ARREARS WITH RENT * FOR THE USH OF OYSTER LANDS, SEPTEMBER 30, 1910. '4 Years in 3 Years in 2 Years in Arrears. Arrears. Arrears. Total. Counties. No. Amount. No. Amount. No. Amount. No. Amount. Anne Arundel ...... a heh airs 1 60.00 6 $282.32 7 $342.32 BaltIMOLE se.) 01s) aye Ase ae ds Sets ae cee eve Tete Wr alivientzeneret acne 3 ¢ 89.00 4945.71 il 474.30 24 709.01 Charlese eee ote ee oe 4 180.00 5 151.44 9 StoH ats: Dorchester ...... lal 560.00 20 - 922.50 NG, 601.00 48 2083.50 D EGCSS 0 eae eer UM et a tk eh A ake aft CIES Ae SHES Ai xe dante Queen Anne’s .... =. a hctena's a EN 2 53.76 Pe 53.76 Somerset-c..2 Gene Kinee ll) 40 1845.00 WS). 2026250) 1345 eb adoro Srna eras ono db 50.00 4 113.40 5 85.40 8 248.80 Mab Ot area ieere chase Sr e 205-0 if 19.62 3 393.12 19 616.04 WaCOMICOM et eae ol 0-00, py laleta4 010) 6 210.00 ate 495.00 WiOrGesten ceive 2 cee Aistegte sa sees OE sveteiote Totals.2 520.4. 739 $1824.40 77 $3421.23 147 $4977.70 2638 $10223.33 * The leases held by all of these lessees might have been canceled by the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners, in accordance with provisions of Section 98, but since the cancellation of a lease under existing law does not prevent the lessee from continuing to use the land for the purposes of oyster culture, and since the law in its present form withholds from lessees certain rights and privileges the exercise of which are recognized to be essential to success in oyster culture, the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners has refrained from exercising its power to cancel leases, believing that the Oyster Culture Law will ultimately be so perfected as to encourage oyster culture, and that many of the lessees now in arrears with rents will then remit the same and continue to co-operate with the State in developing an industry in oyster culture on our unproductive oyster lanes. Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. 81 LEASES CANCELED* TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1910. Counties. Number. Acres. AnnerArund clare cit terete ok eis cece 6 22k TS AGAIN OLS cate oie eae eco rircaa cas Scie ons Par ALE (ORVRRE Oa Gaaid Bp Oee LS CES AeEe REO ee 2 8.07 Carles eeepy merits citar Cik eee ne 3 10 IDOLCHESTER A tn mio ers lorena ve RCE aeons eet 8 38 TRENT Ges enc abet a Mun hoe a ae, Se es Ra sees QucenwANNe SM acc Riis eke es ao en eae 1 5 YON TAETESTENE hs Seg Reece eS Be 5 Soe ee a 23 115 Sie May! Sivsevy pacar epee ea aGioNe cider cites 5 16.10 RAD OER eee a a eee or io kainic 8 29.77 WEL CONTI COR sty ie ee eee ono eck ae IWIOLCESLER Het eke er Peter et oecon sree rche ALOE WS aos BAIS CIEE Cit Gr HO ERS eae 56 244.69 ..* The leases in all of these cases were canceled at the request of the lessees themselves. LEASES IN FORCE SEPTEMBER 30, 1910. Counties. Number. Acres. PAUTTA PACTS TING OM Sa tetera gas aney cree a5. ce: leas orca elon clini chs 48 234.37 SZ DEGIIT OREN Besta tersvcinre ar theatre Meucnoideaiote Lier okereretene teks = one CCE AV ELSE Se cies ts CHa, Se ACEC HOTS DIS On ep are ee 59 224.54 COW PETE ES Neate aes ees CPO gates eaceciie SRICAR te et Came a 12 48.65 DOLCheESteneA serra coors ete lanes 71 340.92 TESTOR See Src havent mcr cca ieee se LL Negi ee Re 4 ail 5 BiuvEeem PAMNMES nc aerciclel cramer niercuar earelee te ee ieehe 6 22.39 SOM GrSEE A Se ches cteteret eee ee ee eee ee cote aa DO) ees SGIMIBIIVISS Ten taiehd Fa Selon Si ctshotate aiete oral oiatera 30 104.31 ANAND Ger oes fetes natty art ateuse ners hoe ore os heats Mee 40 166.09 LWA COMIC O Saas chegers cook Pa oe couche. sia ot) o eae 36 254.12 NVORCESECInc, eri ette a raPoR AS eetre oteie ale iord oakecotne Wise POH ae! chasstecarstoremtoticicte watine slate eke os oss 424 2732.89 82 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF LESSEES. ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY. Name. Address. IBATMeS: METS TMG ier. acl aie sievsvelc/ehecesevexer HAST OR He ci otctaicretotcrexererereesuaterorenere SC lliS re OSspedereneuelerciey eke cteloueraie) eieleieleyesesls ANMANOMS cies Miteeievere cioreteteeneion VATE G COMM sere carezeie vate catahetes cholencnctcley aipelfaite ATITVAPONMSH Vetere enercwvel ccahsietele eictoraieke Clarle, SWalter Rie iecctsis scecers shee aa eter ens ATIMAPOLISE A slate on vereaie, chinetere terre DAWSON Hat Wee cretersiatershersiticlorelercloleielotckerace MER YOON 20S ieisteettholereicletstoteeumtcon ieee Eriemelin Marcie cA sere. sic cre visilessicseret oi ots AMNAPOLIS Staite cite olor one ceom ete Hirvemel: @harles VAtte sictece cers 2 clave rerekeie ANNAPOLIS Eee aoe e rec eeae Biniemel ay Magee Te AN veretets. Hodedoos SP AZION (SSI eicio chelate rerenchore susie shei te aeoene HAStDORE thease sees stb es titaneretoreye Wrvemel Mae Sie was cic cilfos ols sce, syeteissalelet ATIMANOLIS 4 Sisicnc sretelateons atecrareioieene Buieznre tse Miarsy aA reveyere aie slele ol eielcrsieyei ols W CSEMINSTER 2S sisi sje os eveyone IMAC DIP SUS Mere Cod pay 05 0bIGO.< WieStMUINSteMr aie /./.)okeue sierete sree serctes Giddings} DlZabe thy. av. +) ai-p- Aleoteic)='siei AMMADOISH QVAR Nh iasteretoreinite oreheebecns GOEEP WANSOMUGrarecc:aistereitis cle leseieparorcuerecal ake ATMAPOLISE or. 012 is vis hovers eee laity Oleh IY Sa ydeau cboadaonu oO. Shady Sid@acstc.c. - 5 -seveiees Hopkins, Oswald B....... Wee ota oveusuolete Shad ysSide@xtcier s.\ehl ole sehen leeway. (Ol IMS 5 Og oou bob onan do eou0S Shady iSiGieis 5 cyavens tustio ss tore hiciensroenne Sekar AWaUlaabie Goadaacaoucansooo uc Mastporite Ceieiksks ake ele 6 heereetets 18 (ayoyoVetes! IDES ING AR ew A GamooeiS CU OC Baltimore wae Ae wrcis wattaratovennorenore Kerdelh PAG elimalienier cccterevevers a) cuctel crete sie Baltimore eae i. eves ia ekdn everstenctonehs GIG CS] aEL ern ygene aictatelavorstoistelsiorszeketelefeneronee BalGimore: Ferree scones aiastapesteneneiote KOCH VCMASING RA aielalercte sci eye tenstuleuelieisiene VASE ORTS repute ratte) ssa te crarebavovene etre Tipper; WMred erick WU eyjaeciets clereialereliercvers IAMIVADOLIS Via hele siasetsls aco; atcorektotencus WATSON CHATS 5). tsaccie sae a ecsvoustes ers lenens Shady Nid Gir sas ces c eiersaeeire aleve Warsonse © HaArlesyereseuelets aieleiiei- ial: Wuons phadyaSider capita semis ontouer WAY SOM ss CHARLES ei srore veces seis eens crelevehsnsierare Shady" Sidens sj wvsersie volo torevetere TU OL CMSA. Us See ie pauses rene: save gzarehe chem roe oven Baltimore ie a iets oereroers eres Bowman, James! Here ccieisciecines ATMAPOLISICY. opt ateroieiec se sige eer Masons (Randolph® Bric scrersistaricleretelencie IN ASTD ORT, eisaye Mntchole puatercimapeeere Mati CMa Sy sHlac ey cncrereraataereuerercioverenereiiene ANNAPOLIS 8 cco ewer Martin: gIinOse Ware cuscerwen soles autre: ATIMAPOLIS: creteucre so sectiuacoy teens Melvin i\Geos We siciratelo stale ccaveve othe rherers ANMAPONS' > / Johmohyen ce wctecteeitelcisis tains WOPAV OEM Gh sister eis alee tereeste ae eee SHOLter Se WHLITATING cyekaveloletera eal cre doheisterenayers DD PAY GCI ereravssclovsteicletsisalerstieneme : Ahohwlohey CGS slo dogo aoono0 OnovosuoOnS Par vray oat og seis, sa erecepe omens WiOOGs ChanrlesmiDr tert crneraire tieverheneteneesie WV SVADTIGS Gforerereitere os Lone aheiateverensporetetene MWisheie MekiPAy ID5s > oonbgoaodes outloud Ba lEIMOTE es c)chs ere chalice state ern 0 Wa ora Uae Me a cin a I le haa Bet ic, Ae OIPhsis OIE CNDIO DIDO CIO DOO UO COLGNODO O00 oc SOMERSET COUNTY. Name. Address. AGAMS AW tel eee, sieve oct aiies svat anatevensrarcl tenes Crishield eine. os bine stheletexerlhorene Baker Ss OUlSe mrp arekctorers havens che vele cane Baltimore ses weare ace ore Beauchamp im wan elon. .rerereiclercierescisnotslenueue Upper Hairmount) 32. eo... oe cr Beauchamp yow iy ee . icedecksus cis chalets eae TMVERNESS Poke oticlclatks ce ericeete ans Beaehamp-sa SamUeleneretderens Ceeeieaeee Marion Stationee set oeneee Bennett ;Chasi 7 Oe isciscieta says sc oueperetel es PMVETTIESS iis cicasle crane si chee oienereneeae Bennett AG armecteby iyi iuenenelecenceaenescie eels TMV EDNESS se. s hoe ois oeoarncreteeaenrels -“1t9 (23 ) Or Ors] bo Or cr bo Ot Ww OD fet DDD tt NB OT OT OT GO HB I OT OT 09 69 C9 OTB OT OF 09 CO HY OT ee) NO Bot Ea) +] on Report of the Board of Shell Fish C geumissioners. Name. Address. Benn Chi aaHis Six erate: esis. suels) o's sictsiaavedaveve ss ete MTNVELINESS I ore. cuss eystes deters a cheers Bennett yAdayG s.ciclacsciecclors Me RePePeo ae VIELTIOSS evel auc ove tos veresieteteveiboete si 0s IB GnMNebire Geos iW. .ite.cie.clopeietoteisi cers aroieta eas ITINVELMESS a oc cere no wee rceet eee BENNEEE HH LOM sD rclatsrsutlaladeveiele eteversvete wie TTVIETEMESS cre cas aie sere a ciesenensenss she BENE E TE AWW, Ulan scerohevanbloterslanexcieraterseale eloreke UMNIVIETTIESS av cisiorsieverseievesisys scsteretiecers IB enmetize GeO; WW siccre Seusisrere aisvere are. verve WAR VETIVESS 40 e) a5, al earn lovaciols sat chereiere BAM ESM Gyr eectarele a arelerelelene staawere atate BODISTIOION ‘spare chor ae sralcieiceriersy sistonerens ME Dep ire ere Wk ee staticie: cl cles ores tists e-eiaieierarcis' chs OTISHOLO 55. orercte ea stew steered ehatesane STK OL OW Oiek. Seercaaiet che ie el pherenetelsysCoieucn sissies Marion Staton ii, oes ct seal ase OWED GIWaEAtcas siete cis ane atale ef stelePena ciate ts GRISTCTOM celts cre miaveicweie atte ace ee BOAT AM PIMA ANS Sree erase ole even shel oieee VAT Merch cabetare eroberev sacs ereror oka ake la ESO ZITA eNOS AU a lofotare toler alecuiscete) oleveicne ere CYANO eevee foe tovereutnaretrowtenite, ataliecs POZA WAG CIUMA icy. ss clorstelsveleioiel cycle lest TOLER rr see arlonctaticv erohe ey onset tere cteet Bradshaw, WACO Ly. «cts. slawield sisies s GRISTICION, iy ena. One ot eee ate Byrd, Ruby B.....- esse eee rete ee eee. Ong (335 (2100 ake ee ee on ERLE TEV O EE Goa ot) Die Bi G eevee ethic om ero eos OLISHOIG Ere wate ins eis end lt eee BV eH ZA OUT: satura cteratevecesateve fates vorey oralete Crisheld Wns accaccn sek serie WOULMOULEME DOSsy, Hise. aecersieyete eit ale wreletehane OLrishelds 2 sacs eee a ee Coulbournes AnmMiIe| Mis 56 6.15 wsielete eters oo sree cence ees MEG: = ViGEONGrd shactoeusecie ae abe ete eee 5 EXOT AVVO Wisi crcicts oo nocttciever ohapcke ctnaenens) she Upper eH airmounite sere eee 10 Nord s Sihermiaiat eacwyeetcterace eee C@ristield ym ooee eee 5 1Dfoy Ro vic) (eo) dha! 5 Perec Sitios ot b ces cicidia aco oe Uippershairmoumity asec 10 Gillis JOSWUMAME Bic dons oie ll ROM WippersWaikmount 2. see eee By Gillis V Nara Agere Socios 3 otencpauoreh sneha oie Wippers Hal MvOunt Ss emcee cee 5 Gibsons BemipjeeE ais yey cic eierepercherelketcrenoae le Crisfield®: Ss toss es gaat tchekerciee 5 (Enoch Wiel ta, oa eigtad Goo Udoa da soc Grishelds fee S.ko.). hee teseet peters 5 Gray J euMes eM Sees seiner. oatalete stock omeleey one NYWIGhe HOUR) o's Beewoosauuccosuas.c Hs) Guiniby;, “EMI Ass rrp lonep eevee amelcdek aps seicrerenone Marion: Stailonyr. cise sre critter. 5 DUM ONION os Homa geeA Gogo von dod ax MENTO MSTANNGM ad Bagace toon Gor 5 Teva Te SEV env eiie sda nvercsetstsieras enero ateeusttc Marion Staton ven oe sole ates 5 lS roileenare key Well ewes oan dd cordaic o dic NCES METS 3 cc ters evel Weep cpatecreca anes 5) ERAT 5 WW Juss ifs cae eae Se nee mere oT 58 te Wippery Maniiemoummitiy sees sols ster s ee 10 ishve aaa enaleel\ Veal ove ees ase riciotenid fo hole ae Crisheldi ys co ee cee s eee 5 Hopkins: Jno: oH santero eee eee Uppers Hairmount 2 seers ee 10 Howard @laremce@e. a.cc. sccromeiioeer Wrishel dims Nek petack pam eee 10 Horsey, (Hi pha) toile n.ee ocels eineee IN EN eIOVO TS ERB KONDW Soe Bn Oo aidan cide 10 JONES: NODEREREL NG ae iecd race alee Upper Hairmounty. =. seer 5 TONWDSOM: Oli cies eectete toievenske oletaiceecien Crisieldee. stat hens oqosceee ieee 5 JaGkSOny WESICVio nas cle cilelepeiee shetapeteeie Marion: StAGLON As aescie cee 5 DOMES Amman iat wares crates yeusuessietehegee tec Manione Stablonie ss aeescr mnie 5 TONES HG COUR Lcra ets oievelche sale che icone eho ae Marrone Stationig aces rrcieici cena 5 Justice; SrdmeynIia selec etek ciclecio cree. Crishields 2.s.sccsisters etersces eee ere 10 SUIS TC Oo WWital CMlss Aten: ocean ratkel Syeterairctoneneta Sakon OLISHE]O!: = Gc wesyetees ec eteee SERS ee 10 JUStICey JAMES 5 scene ctene sieves ones Grishieldiiin- coe eee ee ee 10 SusticesC has. eee cenie.cie witeiete rs SCrISHEId) stocackaaahnie Foe oe 10 Tamed omy WV on ias 27 te seks ewereceiesctetasuorensrye Upper Pairmounte sn seme 3; TEOMA WAS eter chee ale etl oie ioe eiotereicueteeete MATUNISCO® «sir aed hee Rae 5 Mancdomy WaltenkiGistccccrhote cue iactorene elena Baltimore stirs sine cs aeeetee atomic 5 TAME ON: BWVAMNS Rete tcc eek pane is eicleiichons Wipper WP HaLenyOwnie we creer 5 a wVallette; -Amnilev ics cers rlscuseectents @Eistielas: Waive eas eses chore ee Bets 5 TeaiwSoms. Ha Sok ale outa ehonseerereraereeioe Grishelay \.cktadicuss en cerca eee 5 Layfield, “Mary Pisa hs susoemies eid che te ieee Wpperehairmountes. 2 some 5 Layfield, Geo. W......- ee aiuiaray ty seis egeeeers WipperLEainmountieeeec ee time ee 5 Lone Warren: Bian. stattcietssiiad eiciciae ae Cristeld ys % caidas oie qotiemerare 5 WON SUSALO Kassie op eponereparanceauvecs of eaainies Cristeld@ 3. os 6 a stacat, d-'en. oO en Cuevet 5 one: shrank: Pieris Spaesrers oie feeb Griselda. « s..jchn ements «cts ates 5 one. Marion Jk... cieesise eel crveleisioee Cristel dl ue 5 verse caiccsuere ee 5 aw Son) OMA Ei. ey eesti peter eve ete WA WSOMLAY bites taesees eccheraiel oonoerebele 5 One i\Geoky W ses oasehs at tice ae rete Seon @ristield (228s Peewee ener 5 Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commussioners. Name. Address. WOCKERM ANAC RACs aa dic oth woyoisis wleteto fate CUisiel Ginny A dete Io Scere ee Does WOVE a OnMs Oya cue Sc acter cne crete «store (GienEIT (0 et teletictor aon ess rota. cae c WAMiKOnG PNOs Ey saan cual aecuheiste see sec OTISHCIAY Be wie ree eels ae wets oe AVIS WaT 2 Ts ore 5 cache alone wid ovetelcl overs) wists OTROS sorte iors SIO OIG Dac NEISEET, = ANY SOM 57 secareseecre helets oleverans ainer et SIVETIEOWs eine ondieiass ois ois Arle cclersy> IMT ES! SHG Wala: Hibs -anepetodeaete tc leve severe e's sare’ INTEL TSLOME e3-tonatroteretoretetecencvele sieatenanels NICD AMIE Mia HAAS) el tcrarelyarole norte efeteda steve ster @OniOletrs soos Goes ome ratte ale sok NTE S! 1 SO UML pikisew ecmetovehe ts sere evel eralene otis IWATE REAR Aosics daoouaepe Miles withered ee Sty ss orctat.\. sid a setcvers ate) = Manriom Station j.niecs. =): 2 «1 TTS Se WANTS aSiccehenatovaheretedetiamedctereire elahejamaielavers MAnTOn Stallone. = <3 te orotic °, Ea. MismiyasHicheracs tea.ate tee wales ents cee eon (GIRS lA ards S 6 ae soma ces olatO a VT Se He SIO eevee: fowensicteiicuetoxe tenet Pehene oie 2 CRISHEL Sac roctorstoke ote ehereteiotancrale ns IVEDTOME yee SAULLG relate, «erat encialetn eveterrer stenees ols ELOMewiellligise = cite ette eieiaiets eee MOrnig FM rake wel Ss.c, = aia » oncl tdias en stelerer «| chee WiGiaerar Cuelalobe 4.6 58h oo como GS NEM POUR TZ ADSENP xrajspctebatcbaterst crete relat NIG LOTI ENS CALULOMY ioe Clara cco ion che Crvaciaeiek acme es GriSheldietiee oe oss sass see ee Ouinnsswshert yl eck ce see ebsites TIS CIES Sees ese cree exomiaret PETTITT TAG A) tank's ao rare tabereicvie: eons oinie cis GUrisheldevas ease cee ele ore erste OQminns Worries Cowes ase eos Sere @risheldaessris conan sievars cee a ON LOLA CO ewe Nate choc leid sine aiohetoiatoeas COPE as) a eee ees eat Ru eeimMe He ishete Dpetes iaeleta iene eee ere te (OVPISTTVAIG | woicho gd pid ea to Oe ole IRODELESOM, nS: Flak wei yevemctatcrsiencesis Sheree NVESTOVERE Sosa csi nlge nace ae shot ltaile TOT TG s © HAS! MEV areal cr ansyees she eo ete tele ees @EIShelGA sos os tone See ee EIT a GeOw ise ons ais bry ations. oe recoetoate @ristel Gin. aaa ce seisca en crshe, eee RAISIN AAPA Vest hernsearcesie siete Gratteene GLISTOTOME sa Osea css see ee SGT oe: SWWianey Cie waves ce tone on clei ocniaeeke (Hise das aren = eres ches ous ls Aistiotnepens SCOEG VAGa AL. seis ore See cactus idee Se INIRERA VET MOTI CS iateretel tobe oleia. ote crsletetens SCOR Cys Venses eersven tetera Cela ened Mit eVIGEM OM sis c sus she eis ae cinececn eels NOMIMEFS EVEN YL errors slys leh arevorere aaron TIVE NESSiy et ceca eisitiele loi ra cs fouelcuetene SUTIN PI Ol eives «, cranny eneuasonessreticiavencsereiebeleree lal s Grieder erecta ocr crt ccens store ss Stenlinese PilliG sito cae etal e he aebeue @rrstiel Gaye crane peek ees oleic ie ele, 2 SLETIING OR OValer. sic eeiecctehele sap ateule elebices OTISHOLO Seicieciea s wide nie © sislcrers ce termes MENOTC oki. esis eersvererekceere stoe MOTUS CIM ths fiche creed ecole Sieeaes tenets RbeuslnnT oe oT TNS ore, os crelonciat retin one creus @risfielde says esc: RE rma) oi Sterlines Martin, Ticct.cce oeteeeimeie eo lace BaltimOlenvcw.s «sic ee keane SSGIMEES RHIC WWictecoieiccieierels levees tepeln arava ciche roe CNAMID En cen cisis tus torotones mis cicreiets SSGIMET SG ROA Gens «cis scoholeveie cerca neck eth era) = @hamp feet. ae ck cel tele ee SXUMIVETESS PA AVCHd Pe reid akgotoiciimorsrd Gore coc oe (Olnsniti Ness Aa someweepoe oc amen SOMOEESM@eNpaeicpereicile sucksackeacuehs lovee netsh s Olena Ages sy555 hosp cenccep oan SS TAM IOTOLEA mcctorsiue clsicueverels plete eats (OOS een iO aE orbiter PMOCKIO Ve NIOSTLG 5/55, .vayeccre aterene shite lnone QIU Seco cia teteios ave o ele atom ee 89 jot fed | — HH OLOTOUSCT SO OO © OVO CT =] Go (2) as) % CH OT OT OV ON en cron orn on Men on OL ON OT ON go Report of the Board of Shell Fish Commissioners. Name. Address. Sr Gh sy SONMM Whsieie:sercteeccce is Melts Hie Oxviole Arc sis thc ah eee StenlinesArchure eee cee eee ae @risheld’«: yerustesysveietecmseree Sterling "A delianc« 2iraewtac tect tiene @ristield)). is iic.4 sectete cei es Stenhing | CUiC Hae ace csi teh ee: Cristield nd eetince stein cahecirs STO Versi WoT e pe ah a eu ee a C@rishiela..@ ioscan eee Sterling) Mlwoo0diecs) ince eee Crisfieldt cc secs cies tee toee SCERLIN SAN) MISWeets heen G autos Mare See ue Roope Grisfield: i.) dete Siren ee Stevens visiac Soh i eC yearn fain eee @ristield iyc..25 seks. ee ater SElUZER RG Wwa Mis ae ee Tee oy etvaacek Shell towanya sian ees sie ere ee Sterling? Wied sacs ie wh eye eae oo. 2b mae @rishleld: ye verstalelesre'e wiataicne oteee Sterling aAMesieee festa kee ee eee Cristieldy sticMjacherette sheiaten wae Tall awWashine tom Tze vacne \.siceeiecae ACME) GENS as bon m oo odedoo TMPAVEGS HulSaae elite cs sate a cttiere lane ene eee Oristield os ety ciyeists os wressikoeeus seers Abe W kore | Dene owe Ka en eminG Bho Soe MullSHCorner! se. verclesetelstretaers VORA: Geo sls sty Galseerae stele ante ase Gristieldipurjoy ors oes emravetactmepeins 0 ay Vee ses eh] Rate sn wen EU Tree Sn 8 Crisfield as. c renee telacter nee Mylene GrAaCe ied k oesepcvetelers cteeerieee ee Crishieldy sa seniehi tees eee VT WES WAG GIGWISE tensa Once eu a tscgar A na O@risheld: ips reve shooreenste etek MAW ESNGTEACE isrtal. salaorseak stat tsetoleatee Crisheld a Wako tte acon MAWES SAAC Aldcs, Se tatesser tector tar anes @risfieldenci Ny si 20s icra neniataeerae ND Wises ces © ora ccocePerat ener taevenate ae MINGATNEICOKO Wars o cre lersiere ree en Oe EE Caren @ Sayers, earote: causa cia.c Cea ce Nan FLCOKGIAy.rarci-ts-pelcisielcnie hetene Pera EVO DERE chaecrede teuctarn en sco ccleaner ne reas O@risheldiny sire arseveversvaransanoraeane TaylOLVMIROSE St I .creenatrdieee ee tae Marion Statlor sc accesses ISANW.OS SyDiew: ee So icc SaPecay mr sehe orgie ented sacle Orisfield | 32 0k. tc. ssa ATU SU Ace, Lee ee on BS ativlatchs chia teno St ARERR EME Marion Staion eis asec cio PANETT AES SN eyo totter tater eianteare cet ae eRe Tete nee ene Marion: Stationcrnsnm ocsee Te Hy els eens nbitaiionls diralieicMateat eel reve auauate reveal Mariongetanlonunny sree. eee TRAV LOTS COs ataeuaaln lees Se ee MATION Staclony 0) sj<10 ce creecsies Wierd seAdiGh as Avas Masia saich aenatecen alae ieee Marioni SEaIONN leis. 2 chereieenete Walliams Ben]: THs. oetoueee ecole WalishCornerwaciccce creek eee WING RGeOn: Hise evel sre, Heh encyceencucnedatele es Marion! (Station) 2 coon te bles Wihittine tons Matyas siaciremeneerion iret IMaArionw S Gael ome seve sterschxcterete Walt irs G Om AeA Rr ya es re oe te ete rele Marion Stanlomirrs peice cients Wihittingtonie CocAye creeds rector acters Marion station omens saree Wihittin stom SH fie ia saters ete aieiersioeh Manion Station! ey). ecm ascii Wiarton Sallie, daria anicte otal eet uer ene ODISHSLG rs Meera serolene fre ea eeemeote Washington! Wewisi dines s. ose eno Upper Harrmountie ees sea VV HATTON SIMO WS rel suc erconep aerate eet @rishel dina eects ay (te oR bee eee WEMTGCEIN STOMA GWiea Sic occ eyesore oe eesket ee Mar OMe SEatl OM seseine ei eterte WW itbinve Com HASAN ied) 2 acsts) craic reuse ale Marion Stations... ei elles BOC allie Meroe sdohotarn suare he enetarees eevee eetetonceks tooetelis ailaha:opameieta ais Ov lalietetereh abevenevente SIE T11P TALBOT COUNTY. Name. Address. Andersons ChanleswHrie echoed eee HAS TOM ii wt ot bl ci euerene are ae ioe Brinemany Everman seers cous ec ioe OR PONG Hei dord Ges 6 cles ctiee Cesare Bayard. sGNOSCal yes aloe ee eee St:Mighaels\ 2 2883200 comes BULLOW Sh aya Hic avec! « SVEN OLE yeatsis fale icra osevee avaret arteteye 74.5 RGVELS; rATCM UE WD ice yaie & usar siereiaee ee 6 chehene al GIMONG ere atetavcse cherie lets hei ee tere 5 RAVELS: SANE sotsiclae's © 6 See icine iors. ES AIGUIMOTEY sie areseys tes joLeroledoleve eve mies 5 ERUV ETS! WSs aA UCAS iis cbs eteyarcderetahateelas chests ES NGPATOLE Fore cite ecole sie cue ie levfone clatene = 5 SimClairs Ms MWh avs ete n wtisuss seehacote eras MN MAI Neievche. cucusvotote'sereelchesiedecets 4.17 UTI Ws Meat fe rer eue lotasaveseraueeciorenaawara nis IAS TOM essa alone svehoredece cote: chet ohaxeue 5 Wallin te EMM eIUBG ster. cigieteres arcie. cerereticout Wieiiamity sheteciclgavstereis\ediavenefo-oahoneue 5 Wealden PAM ObtEl 58 sivas: sistas alevete esata nia) alel MS GULO VAC wen cp etetsiatece, he <16; ayfsuelievetons.iete 5 AVA IGLOVCUAIN ceroheve« elctereralanscorhegccteeie ISOS Ve everorc ti tieraists steicenshersrerensiehe 5 AVA AN EM AW oecdedics case tans ies erelonsiaviare Siehonetiae WiDIINT ANNE Witetehaterc er etecsusteceeetereuecets ors 5 Warfield: Sires ry jisicth. cvsiersye ets ole terenns lars ASTON © Syepecore cavers ore aeeht ranetoestnet tens 5 ADR yey er eaapavenstcaveercneralereiet evatel sl evcnen anaes ardicbeteunlatova ig aiclalelassivls osietoiatra revgusieiele 166.09 fi TWO Ey aOR. Sab Ob. X21 Po STP. 220k. WICOMICO COUNTY. Name. Address. Acres. PAUICITIS AE ROG NE cc chevalehacet stele cCacks: «aebajelie’ SANS UT ferete avevetors faye wie ys axcsievisyane’e 5 AGUS MOTEL Saas be Aon OMe apt oe SUAS Uys, bias (sien ous whiscysesnste)euaneuet si 5 Bradshaw. GeO. Bs Waves. sroteteke ie, syaliste s letelsc(ene INAMNTLCOKG WS ccieis eieicieiers cosrerstees 10 Collins | Wambertine vee eso esis eis oicies WAT BPE VEIN el ravsieieterevaceic.siatecteveils 5 @OVINSTOM TAS! Kes Serer icis sus elisacelsteyecerseie FLV ASIIMY ais Fre iaela lor