Nae m4 Sal rE Ne i Bike Ed Nang Bulletin 110" bi ig lad chs 28 ON OF ,THE STATE OF NEW YORK 1906 ; poche PAGE ’ ; PAGE = P bes Tgadacsors Ee Epes SS, 30 Gardén* iisectsi3. << ste ee a a 2 ia ae Fruit tree insects Nee tears Sieg 3 30 Shade tree insects....... ee 5A ek 7 gana - Shade tree problem........... 40 Forest: misects 2.5... ere 58 oe ae of Gipsy and bruwn tail moths... 40 Miscellaneous: ssc usteees 0 ae 59 ray memes GUdtiC MSECISi........05.-:.. 40.| Voluntary entomological service. 65 Mion ee ee ttoallinidges.<.. . yen ieee eae 41 | List of publications of the Ento- : ‘ame Publications ..... a ae are 42 MOlPISt. ws ace wee ee So. 68 ae. BetcatlectigtiS:. 26s. haves ks ss. -s 42 Cen ae to collection...... 78 ee eae SE WE se a Sak nbn a 5 2 43 | Appendix Peuen en Natrsery-Certincates....2. 6s... 43 | New species of Cecidomyiidae... 97 Voluntary observers........... Bas | ROC CROt yas: de ele (eae eee ta - 149 (Gag. | Eeclti te aia | 5 ae arr 44 | Explanation of plates...... a4 yr 167 "Notes for the year arene teree Ag; PRR rjc camonie «tek se ae eS Print ansects: . «x. lente ee 45 - ALBANY i, NEW YORK STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT ie ad 190 i F Mer28m- D5-1800 Price 25 cents STATE OF NEW YORK EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Regents of the University With years when terms expire 1913 WHITELAW Rew M.A. LL.D. Chancellor - New York 1917 Sr Crarr McKetway.M.A. LL.D. Vice Chancellor Brooklyn 1908 DanieL BracH Ph.D..LL.D. - - - - Watkins mou Pury. TO Sexton LL.B SED = -) Palmnysa one... Guitrorp Smirn MA, CESLED, ~- - Buffalo 1918 Witt1am NorrincHam’M.A. Ph.D. LL.D. - Syracuse 1910 CHARLES A. GARDINER Ph.D. L.H.D. LL.D. D.C.L New York 1915 ALBERT. VANDER VEER M.D. M.A. Ph.D. LL.D. . Albany I9it Epwarp LaurerbacH M.A. LL.D. - . New York 1g09 Eucene A. Puirpin LL.B. LL.D. - - - New York 1916 Lucian L. SHEDDEN LL.B. . - - - Plattsburg Commissioner of Education Ace esaie Se cae elev Ee eo: Assistant Commissioners Howarp J. Rocers M.A. LL.D. First Assistant Epwarp J. Goopwin Lit.D. L.H.D. Second Assistant _ Aucustus S. Downine M.A. Pd.D. LL.D. Turd Assistant Secretary to the Commissioner Hartan H. Horner B.A. = Director of State Library “ Epwi1n H. ANperson M.A. Director of Science and State Museum jJoun .M.*CrAREE Ph.D! ED: ‘ Chiefs of Divisions “Accounts, Wipn1amM ‘Mason Attendance, JAaMEs D. SULLIVAN Educational Extension, Wirt1AM R. Eastman M.A. M.L:S. Examinations, CHARLES F. WHEELOCK B.S. LL.D. Inspections, FRANK H. Woop M.A. Law, THomas E. FinecaN~-M.A. School Libraries, Cuartes E. Fircu L.H.D. Statistics, Hiram. C. CAsE Visual Instruction, Dey LANcey M, EL.is , ty oa ae J. r New York State Education Department Science Division, December 24, 1906 Hon, Andrew S. Draper LL.D. Commissioner of Education Sir: I have the honor to communicate herewith the report of the State Entomologist for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1906. Very respectfully JoHN M. CLARKE Director Siate of New York Education Department COMMISSIONER'S ROOM Approved for publication this 28th day of December 1906 Ad naget Commissioner of Education New York State Education Department New York State Museum Joun M. Crarke, Director EPHRAIM PorTER FELT, State Entomologist Bulletin 110 ENTOMOLOGY 28 22d REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 To John M., Clarke, Director of Science Division I have the honor of presenting herewith my report on the injuri- ous and other insects of the State of New York for the year ending October 15, 1906. The season of 1900 has been marked by relatively few extensive depredations by insect pests. This is particularly true of the forms affecting garden, vegetable and other common farm crops. A remarkable large South American moth (Thysania zenobia Cramer) was taken in Albany the last of September. This mag- nificent moth has a wing spread of about 5 inches and its occurrence in this city is undoubtedly due to its having been brought north with a boat load of bananas or other tropical fruit. This capture is an example of the way in which insects are distributed through com- mercial agencies, though in the present instance it happens to be a species which can not sustain itself in this: latitude. Fruit tree insects. The San José scale is still regarded as a serious pest of the horticulturist, though the experience of recent years has demonstrated beyond question the practicability of keep- ing this insect in check by thorough and timely applications of a lime-sulfur wash. Our experiments conducted during a series of years show this insecticide to be fully as satisfactory as any other material which has been employed, despite the fact that a number of new preparations have been put on the market in recent years. These latter, though they possess certain very desirable qualities, have not been tested sufficiently so that they can be recommended without qualification. We find the grape root worm still Endant in the Chautauqua ‘region and the present indications are that some vineyards may be seriously injured by its depredations within a year or two. This 40 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM insect, as experience has shown, is more or less local in its opera- tions and general predictions regarding its work are in most cases rather hazardous. Shade tree problem. This phase of practical entomology has made considerable demands upon our time in the last few years. This has been due in large part to extensive defoliations of street and park trees in many cities and villages of the State by the white marked tussock moth, a species which rarely occurs in destructive numbers outside of municipalities and villages, and one easily con- trolled by intelligent effort. The elm leaf beetle has been par- ticularly destructive in the Hudson valley and has become estab- lished in cities and villages in other portions of the State. The work of these leaf feeders and their allies has created a great demand for information along these lines. A number of popular articles have been sent to the local press in various parts of the State,urging the adoption of comprehensive measures for the protection of trees. It is gratifying to state that considerable interest has been aroused and most commendable efforts made to protect the trees. The city of Albany, in its budget for 1907, has made provision for the employ- ment of a forester who will be charged with the general care of the trees. This plan, if carried out, provides for the protection of the trees from year to year — something which we have been adyo- cating for some time. This is by far the most satisfactory way to care for street and park trees and we hope soon to see other cities and many villages adopting the same method. A special bulletin, treating of the elm leaf beetle and white marked tussock moth and giving summary accounts of each, has been prepared and will be issued shortly. More extended accounts of these and other insect enemies of shade trees are given in our reftent publication on Insects Affecting Park and Woodland Trees [N. Y. State Mus. Mem. 8], a quarto work of two volumes comprising about 1000 pages, illus- trated by 72 plates (20 colored) and over 200 text figures. Gipsy and brown tail moths. These two dangerous insects, thoroughly and widely established in eastern New England, have been the objects of considerable attention at our hands. The gipsy moth in particular is a most dangerous leaf feeder and has excited much interest. Owing to the fact that this latter species has been very destructive in eastern Massachusetts and is still extending its range, it was deemed wise to distribute in many sections of the State a warning placard briefly describing the insect and the asso- ciated brown tail moth. This latter displays a marked preference REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 AI for fruit trees and is very annoying on account of the intense irrita- tion produced by the urticating hairs of the caterpillar. The placard was supplemented by a bulletin [N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 103] giving more detailed information concerning these pests, with the result that many specimens of various insects were sent to the office for determination. The newspapers of the State cooperated most efficiently in disseminating information relating to these dangerous forms. It is gratifying to state that, so far as we have been able to discover, there is no ground for believing that either the gipsy moth or its destructive associate, the brown tail moth, has become established anywhere in New York State, though it would not be surprising were one or both of them to obtain a foothold in the near future. It is very important that our citizens should know about the gipsy moth in particular and be prepared to suppress the pest upon its first appearance. Aquatic insects. The earlier investigations of this group have been continued. Dr James G. Needham has an extensive mono- graph on the stone flies (Plecoptera) nearly completed. This im- portant work will prove an extremely valuable addition to our knowledge of a hitherto much neglected group. Dr Cornelius Betten, who has been giving special attention to the Caddis flies (Trichoptera) for the past five years, continued his studies last summer at Buffalo and Ogdensburg. These insects are an import- ant element of fish food and, in addition, are of considerable local importance in the city of Buffalo. They breed in such large num- bers in the rapids of the Niagara river that each summer the adults belonging to this group and the not distantly related May flies (Ephemeridae) swarm by the millions in portions of the city near the river front. The insects are so abundant as to prohibit out- door painting during certain portions of the season. These flies were one of the factors which led to the locating of the Pan-Ameri- can Exposition some distance from their breeding places. Dr Betten has given particular attention to this local phase of the problem and he is now engaged in preparing an exhaustive account of this very interesting and in some respects important group. Gall midges. These minute, inconspicuous insects, belonging to a family comprising a large number of species have been sub- jects of careful and extensive investigations by the Entomologist and his assistants. Certain forms, like the Hessian fly and wheat midge, are of prime economic importance. The former is well known as an exceedingly destructive enemy of certain varieties of 42 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM wheat, and in 1901 caused an estimated loss in New York State alone of $3,000,000. The wheat midge in earlier years was also exceedingly destructive to this important grain crop. During the last decade another member of this family, the violet gall midge, has become a dangerous enemy of the extensive violet-growing in- dustry, which has its most important center at Rhinebeck, N. Y. The members of this group are better known because of the many remarkable vegetable deformities they produce, and the adult insects present some extremely interesting morphologic variations. Continued and thorough collecting of these forms has resulted in the accumulation of a large amount of material. A recent cata- logue lists less than 150 species as being native to North America, whereas our recent work has resulted in finding in New York State alone probably over 400 species, including therein representatives of genera hitherto unrecognized in this country, and presumably of others previously unknown. A clearer idea of the extent of our work may possibly be gained from the following: Mr J. R. Gillett, a medical student, was engaged during the entire summer in mak- ing some 2000 excellent microscopic preparations of these insects. These large additions to our collection will result in extremely important contributions to our knowledge of this hitherto relatively unknown group. The value of this work has been greatly increased by the enthusiastic and intelligent collecting of Assistant Ento- mologist Young and Assistant Nixon. Publications. The Entomologist has contributed numerous economic articles to the agricultural and local press. The report of the office for 1904, owing to delays, did not appear till early in the fiscal year, and that for 1995 was not issved till September 1906. A special bulletin giving a summary account of the gipsy ant brown tail moths [Mus. Bul. 103] was issued in midsummer and the first volume of /nsects Affecting Park and Woodland Trees [N. Y. State Mus. Mem. 8] appeared in February. The proof- reading and verification incident to the second voluine going through the press has made large demands upon our time and it is a pleas- ure to state that this extensive work is now practically completed and will appear within a few weeks. Another important paper entitled Diversities among New York Mosquitos was reprinted from the Year Book for 1904-1905 of the American Mosquito Ex- termination Society. Collections. Some exceptionally valuable additions have been made to the State collections aside from those secured in prose- REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 43 cuting the special investigations mentioned above. A very fine collection of parasitic wasps (Chrysididae) was received from A. Mocsary, Budapest, Hungary, and a valuable addition to our Tachina flies from Dr Mario Bezzi of Italy. Some exceedingly desirable mosquitos from the south and southwestern part of this country, from Jamaica and the Philippine Islands were obtained through various correspondents of the office. The special collections made by the members of the office staff in the Cecidomyiidae, mentioned above, have resulted in enormous additions to this group. The work upon the State collections has continued with unabated vigor and the general condition of the collections has been much improved, particularly in the families Ortalidae, Trypetidae, Dolichopodidae and Ephydridae. The rep- resentatives of the latter groups have been determined by Assistant Entomologist Young. The midges (Chironomidae) have received considerable study at the hands of Assistant I. L. Nixon, who has also devoted much time to the general arrangement and classifica- tion of the Coleoptera. Office work. The general work of the office has been con- ducted about as in preceding years, the Assistant Entomologist taking charge of the correspondence during the absence of the Entomologist. The popular interest aroused in the search for the gipsy and brown tail moths in this State resulted in a great many insects being sent in for determination. This work devolved very largely upon Mr Young. A well sustained interest is shown bi the correspondence: 2120 letters, 1284 postals, 215 circulars and 3317 packages were sent through the mails and 208 packages were shipped by express. Nursery certificates. The practice of recent years has been continued and nursery certificates for persons desiring to ship into the state of Virginia indorsed by the. State Entomologist upon the request of the State Commission of Agriculture. The fol- lowing is a list of firms to whom these nursery certificates were issued during 1906: The Rogers Nurseries, Stark Bros., Bryant Bros., George A. Sweet, Morey & Son, G. W. Whitney & Co., Sheerins Wholesale Nursery, all of Dansville; Wheelock & Clark, T. S. Hubbard Co., George S. Joselyn, L. Roesch, Foster & Grif- fith, F. E. Schifferli, all of Fredonia; Reliance Nursery Co., The R. G. Chase Co., The M. H. Harman Co., all of Geneva; Jackson & Perkins Co., Newark; Stark Bros., Portland; Brown Bros. Co., Green Nursery Co., Charles V. Wyman, Ellwanger & Barry, 44 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Western N. Y. Nursery Co., T. W. Brown & Son Nursery Co., Chase Bros. Co., Perry Nursery Co., The Bay Nursery, McGlemon & Kirby, The Hawk’s Nursery Co., H. S. Taylor & Co., all of Rochester. Voluntary observers. These correspondents of the office have continued to send reports throughout the growing season and a number of valuable facts were brought to our notice in this way. These records increase in value with the advance of years. General. The office is indebted to Dr L. O. Howard, Chiet of the Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agni- culture, and to members of his staff for kindly determining various -insects submitted to them throughout the year. In conclusion it may be stated that the enthusiastic cooperation of voluntary observers and others in touch with the office, the in- creased correspondence, and the great demand for our publications indicate a well sustained interest in this branch of scientific work. Respectfully submitted EPHRAIM PORTER FELT State Entomologist Office of the State Entomologist, Albany, October 15, 1906 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 45 NOTES FOR THE YEAR The following summarized accounts treat of some of the more interesting forms observed during the season. An unusual occur- rence was the capture in Albany of a large South American moth (Thysania zenobia Cramer) which is represented in the natural size on plate 1. This species was undoubtedly brought to Albany with a boat load of tropical fruit. More common forms observed during the year have been grouped together under ap- propriate heads as in previous reports. Fruit insects Yellow-necked appletree caterpillar (Datana ministra Drury). This common leaf feeder is more or less abundant in orchards from year to year, and during the past season, caterpillars were received the latter part of July and throughout August, from various sections of the State. The young of this insect feed in clusters and, as a consequence, their depredations are more ap- parent than those of the more solitary feeders. Injury can fre- quently be prevented by cutting infested tips bearing clusters of caterpillars and crushing the pests, or recourse may be had to treatment with arsenical poisons. The sprayings ordinarily given for the control of the codling moth and early spring -leaf feeders, are usually amply sufficient to prevent this species from inflicting any material injury. Red-humped appletree caterpillar (Schizura concinna Abb. & Sm.). This rather common leaf feeder is more or less prevalent in orchards of the State, and numerous specimens were sent from different sections from late July throughout August. It is very rarely that this insect is abundant enough to cause any appreciable damage, and ordinarily the sprayings given for the control of the codling moth and the earlier leaf-feeding insects are amply sufficient to keep this species in check. Gipsy and brown tail moths (Porthetria dispar Linn, Muproctiis, chrysorrhoea.- Linn.) These two, insects have aroused considerable apprehension in New York State in the last two or three years. This is particularly true of the gipsy moth, since the automobile has become so popular, because experi- ence has shown this vehicle to be a most efficient agent in dis- seminating this destructive leaf feeder. This insect is steadily extending its range, having become well established in southern New Hampshire, made its way west in Massachusetts to Maynard, 46 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Stowe and Marlboro, and a colony has been found at Stonington, Ct. The brown tail moth flies readily and has already become established in the Connecticut valley. There is no knowing when either of these insects may enter New York State, and owing to the importance of detecting their presence as soon as possible, it was deemed advisable to issue a warning placard, figuring in colors and giving the salient characteristics of each. It was distributed early in July. The placard was supplemented by Museum bulletin 103, which gives a summarized account of both insects and their work. The reader is referred to this publication for further details respecting these dangerous pests. These two publications aroused much interest among all classes. The press cooperated in a most satisfactory manner, most of the local papers publishing extracts from either the placard or the bulletin, and some giving rather extended accounts culled from these publications. A large number of people were interested and - many leaf-feeding caterpillars in particular were sent to the office for identification. Reports of serious injuries by supposed gipsy moth were published by various newspapers during the summer, but without exception it was found that the ravages were due to the work of some other pest and that it was therefore a case of mistaken identity. The efforts outlined above were supplemented by special inspection by Assistant I. L. Nixon, about the railroad yards of New York city and vicinity, Poughkeepsie, Albany, Rens- selaer, Karner, Troy, Watervliet, Cohoes, Schenectady, Mechanic- ville and Rotterdam Junction without finding any signs of these insects. This examination showed beyond question that so far as most of these yards are concerned there was very little opportunity for the gipsy moth, carried either as eggs or caterpillars, becoming established, as there was not much available vegetation in the near vicinity of most of the tracks. It is a source of gratification to state that, so far as known at the present time, neither the gipsy moth nor its associate, the brown tail moth, has become established in New York State. There is still great danger of these pests becoming established within our boundaries, and we would there- fore bespeak the further cooperation of all interested in the sub- jection of insect enemies, since a relatively small effort at the outset may prevent enormous losses later. A personal inspection of the infested region in eastern Massa- chusetts during July showed that conditions generally were much better than they were the preceding season, or in fact at any time within the last two or three years. There has been a most hearty REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 47 cooperation between local authorities and State officials in Massa- chusetts, and as a consequence the numbers of both pests have been largely reduced, in spite of the fact that they were exceedingly abundant the preceding summer. Some extended woodland tracts were completely defoliated, and the control of the gipsy moth in such situations is still a grave problem. The federal government is cooperating with the state of Massachusetts in an effort to prevent the further spread of the insect as well as in studying its natural enemies. It is proposed to keep all trees near highways as free from these insects as possible, in order to prevent their being carried into new territory by users of the highways. This alone should reduce very largely the danger of the gipsy moth becoming established in other sections. A serious effort has been made to secure natural enemies. Dr L. O. Howard, Chief of the Bureau of Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture, has an extensive acquaintance with foreign entomologists, and this enabled him to secure the services of a number of skilled specialists for the collection and shipment to this country, of large numbers of parasites of both the gipsy and brown tail moths. Shipments were sent directly to Sup’t A. H. Kirkland and installed in the parasitic laboratory at Saugus. The insects were carefully bred out, the dangerous secondary hyperparasites destroyed and the beneficial forms reared in cages, and those abundant established under favorable conditions in the open. The results obtained during the season of 1906 have been very successful, in that several important natural enemies have completed their life cycle in this country and it now only remains to ascertain whether they can stand the rigors of the New England winter and multiply sufficiently to be of material service in checking these two pests. The outlook for this line of work is certainly very encouraging, and so far as controlling these insects in woodlands is concerned, it appears to be the most practical way of attaining this much desired end. Oriental slug caterpillar (Cnidocampa flavescens Walk.). This slug caterpillar was discovered in the vicinity of Boston at Dorchester, Mass. in 1905 and careful examination showed that it had become established over a territory about 2 miles long and 14 miles in breadth. It appears to be a species that can sustain itself readily in this latitude, though, as our native slug caterpillars rarely become abundant enough to cause any ma- terial injury, it is hoped that the same may be the case with this 48 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM introduced form. ‘This leaf feeder was probably brought into the country on Japanese nursery stock and Dr. H. T. Fernald, writing on the same, states that it has an extended distribution in the Orient, occurring in Japan, on the Island of Yezo and southward at least as far as Yokohama. It also occurs in China near Pelcin, where it is very abundant, and it has been reported as far south as the Yiangtse-Kiang river, just north of the 30° of latitude. This distribution would indicate that the insect will probably be able to exist all over the United States except the peninsula of Florida, north of Mexico and in southern Canada. Its eastern food plants are Celtis, birch, elm and Japanese persimmon. It was found mostly in this country on Norway maples, pear, apple and cherry, though it also occurred on crab apple, willow, black “y birch, oak-leaved white birch, oak, — American elm, Wahoo elm, black- berry, beech, poplar, mountain ash and buckthorn. This data is culled from a recently issued bulletin by Dr Fernald.? The cocoon is an oval structure with peculiar broad white stripes [fig. 1]. One specimen was found on a recent importation of Japa- nese maples in a greenhouse at Albany, though there is no evi- dence to show that the insect has become established in the open in Ai : 6 HRD Fig. 1 Cocoons of oriental slug caterpillar; this vicinity. It appears to be a the larger probably female, on the twig; : 9 the smaller, probably male, empty, both common species in Japan. We Da a a have been informed of earlier im- portations of Japanese maples bearing similar, possibly identical, cocoons, so it would not be surprising were subsequent investigation to show that this slug caterpillar was already established in several widely separated localities. scumy scale (Chionasipas (ial, ase itch) ee mens whitish, scurfy or chafflike scale continued abundant in the Hudson valley, being specially numerous in the vicinity of Annandale, where it caused considerable apprehension because many people mistook it for the San José scale. Aspidicetas pernicio sams Comst., a species which has become well established in Germantown “Hatch Exper. Sta. Mass. Agr. Col. Bul. 114. Jan. 1907. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 49 and vicinity, only a few miles to the north. The scurfy scale, for - some reason, has been abnormally abundant in this section, af- fecting mostly young fruit trees. Experience has repeatedly shown the practicability of controlling this pest by timely applications of contact insecticides, either whale oil soap or kerosene emulsion, the latter part of May or early in June at the time the minute, reddish young are crawling in large numbers. San Jose scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.). This insect is one of prime importance to the small as well as the large fruit grower. The latter, if he is to continue in business and has infested orchards, must find some way of controlling the pest. The small fruit grower will soon find his fruit of very little value if this insect is ailowed to breed unrestricted on the trees for a period of several years. The experiments and experience of the past decade have shown beyond all question the practicability of controlling this dangerous scale insect. The weight of evidence is decidedly in favor of employing a lime-sulfur wash which, if prop- erly prepared and thoroughly applied, will give fully as satis- factory resuits as any other preparation. Recent experience has demonstrated the absolute necessity of great care in the making of this compound and thoroughly emphasized the value of most careful application. Several experiments were conducted the past season, largely for the purpose of determining whether the lime-sulfur wash could be further modified to advantage. A lime-sulfur wash was made in the normal manner except that the ordinary burnt lime of this vicinity was replaced by a finely prepared hydrated magnesium lime known as limoid. The results were decidedly adverse to the employment of this material despite its improved physical condition. _ The reaction between the limoid and the sulfur was not nearly so vigorous, even when hot water was employed. The following formula was used with very satisfactory results: 20 pounds of lime, 15 pounds of sulfur, 12 pounds of sal soda with 50 gallons of water. Half amounts were taken, the materials mixed together dry, and then two pails of hot water added. The re- action began in about two minutes and was quite vigorous though no cold water was necessary to keep the mixture within a half barrel. The compound was very satisfactory and there was very little sediment. This wash was applied April 13 to both moder- ately and very badly infested apple trees. An examination May 19 showed that this wash adhered fully as well as the others and 50 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM the same was true the 31st. A few living scale insects were found only after considerable search, whereas on the trees sprayed with the other washes there was not much difficulty in finding live scales. October 15 the trees treated with this preparation had some living insects on the more inaccessible portions. There appeared to be absolutely none on the accessible limbs which were more thoroughly sprayed than those on the other side. The general results were very satisfactory indeed. Another formula, calling for 64 pounds lime, 5 pounds sulfur and 2 pounds caustic soda with 16 gallons of water was -prepared as follows: The dry materials were mixed together and then two pails of hot water added thereto. The reaction was very violent and the liquid was coloured a very dark red. There was little evidence of the greenish monosulphid. The combination was good though there was considerable sediment. It was applied April 13 to several plum trees which had badly infested limbs and on the 16th it was seen that the application had been very thorough. An examination May 31 resulted in finding a few living scale insects on these trees without much difficulty, and October 15 it was seen that there were very few living scales —in fact the treatment was very satisfactory. There was very little or no difference to be detected between these trees and those sprayed with the wash de- scribed above. The third formula, calling for 20 pounds limoid, 15 pounds sul- fur and 6 pounds caustic soda with 50 gallons water was used in one half the usual quantity. The dry materials were mixed together and the reaction started with two pails of hot water. It was prompt but very limited, owing to the fact that the lmoid added very little to its vigor. The boiling seemed to be due almost entirely to the presence of the caustic soda. This prepar- ation, after standing about two hours, was a light orange color with a somewhat greenish tint. It kept hot during this time. There was much sandy sediment and considerable undissolved sulfur or sulfur-lime. Perhaps 1 pound of the entire amount was in this condition. This wash was applied April 13 to apple trees with some limbs badly infested. May 9 this wash did not seem to have adhered as well as the others, and on the 31st it was not very difficult to find living scale insects. October 15 the trees sprayed with this mixture had distinctly more living scale insects than those treated with either of the above preparations in spite of the fact that the infestation was lighter than the others. There is no doubt REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 5I but that the limoid-soda combination destroyed many scale insects, though it was not as efficient as a wash where good quicklime was employed. A general survey of Mr L. L. Morrell’s orchard at Kinderhook showed that the same was in most excellent condition. This gentle- man states that he has less scale on his trees than at any time in the past six years, and the excellent condition of his orchard sus- tains his statement. Mr Morrell is very well satisfied with the lime-sulfur wash though he is convinced that nothing but most thorough work, both in preparation and application, will give the desired results. The control of this insect in old orchards is a problem that demands further attention. Mr W. H. Hart of Poughkeepsie, who has had this scale in an orchard of large trees for some years, has succeeded in keeping the pest well within bounds provided he was able to spray one side with the aid of a favorable breeze and then treat the other when the wind was in an opposite direction. This treatment was very satisfactory for the lower limbs and branches, but with the apparatus at hand it was found almost im- practicable to successfully spray the higher limbs; consequently some of these were badly infested by the scale and eventually seriously injured. The tops of some of his large trees were mostly removed in the spring of 1905 before spraying was attempted, and during the summer they were in excellent condition. Certain other trees had the tops at this time in a very poor condition owing to injury by the scale and they were accordingly cut back in the spring of 1906 with equally beneficial results. It appears very probable that a large tree can be cut back to a greater extent than has been hitherto thought possible, provided some care is exercised. It may be that experience will show that this operation can be more safely performed after the upper portion of the tree has suffered somewhat from scale attack than if the attempt is made to cut it back while the tree is in unabated vigor. Several oil preparations, popularly known as “ soluble oils,” have been put on the market in recent years, and some very sweeping claims made in regard to the same. One of the foremost of these, known as “ scalicide,’ has been under observation during the season and a rather large orchard of young trees in the Hudson river valley was sprayed with this material. A few of the trees were rather badly infested by the scale, but most of them were com- paratively free. An examination of the infested trees in October 52 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM showed that a few living scale insects occurred here and there. There was also some evidence of oil injury, though it is impossible at the present time to state whether this is great enough to be a permanent detriment. This can be determined only by subsequent observations and treatment. Another tree in the central part of the State, most thoroughly sprayed several times with this prepa- ration, was entirely free from living scale insects though evidence of oil injury was a little more marked than in the first mentioned instance. These preparations are worth experimenting with though conclusions should be drawn with the greatest care. A few years ago we were told that crude petroleum could be applied in a diluted form without injury to trees and for a while this was accepted as true, but the work of later years has shown this to be erroneous, except possibly under unusually favorable circumstances. The so called “soluble oils” presumably differ not very much from those employed in earlier years, except that they have been brought into a very finely emulsified condition. There is danger that successive annual applications to trees may eventually result in serious injury, and a word of warning in regard to these preparations is therefore timely. Grapevine root worm (Fidia viticida Walsh). This destructive enemy of the vineyardist continues abundant in the Chautauqua region and during the past season has been excep- tionally numerous in certain vineyards. It is, as experience has shown in the past, such a local insect that one part of a vineyard may be very badly infested and another portion less than 100 yards away comparatively free from the pest. These conditions render it very difficult to make any general statements concerning this insect. There is no question but that it is becoming more abundant in certain vineyards here and there throughout the grape belt and its numbers have increased materiaily in the past year or two in some vineyards on the hills back from the lake.- The insidious nature of this insect’s operations renders it advisable that all growers should keep a close watch for the appearance of the pest in any numbers, and in case it becomes abundant they should adopt meas- ures for its prompt suppression rather than allow it to multiply unrestricted and perhaps cause irreparable injury. steely flea @beetle (Haltica chalybea Ml) Thisepes owing to the continued cold weather of early spring retarding the grape buds just after they had begun to open, had an exceptional opportunity to work and therefore caused more injury than usual. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 53 This is due to the fact that its operations in the bud, destroying all the foliage and fruit which normally would come from that point, are particularly serious to the vineyardists since a very little feeding in this manner causes an enormous loss. This pest, as is well known, feeds upon the foliage in June as small brown grubs. Spraying at this time will destroy the young and largely reduce the numbers of beetles which can winter and attack the buds in early spring. White flower cricket (Oecanthus' niveus DeG.). The slender, whitish adults of this species are rather common during the latter part of the season and the oviposition scars made by the females are frequently met with in twigs and the stouter her- baceous plants. Occasionally this species is so abundant as to cause considerable injury, as was the case in the vicinity of Ripley, N. Y., during the fall of 1905, though the injury was not observed till early the following spring. Mr F. A. Morehouse of Ripley, under date of April 30, 1906, submitted specimens of the work of this insect and stated that some vineyards were very badly af- fected, many of the canes dying from the wounds inflicted. The investigation showed that the greatest injury was in vineyards where an abundant weedy growth was present. The most effective method of preventing trouble of this character is clean culture, since flower crickets display a marked preference for weedy places. Garden insects Twelve spotted asparagus beetle (Crioceris duodecim- punctata Linn.). This species was observed last July breeding rather abundantly on a small plot of asparagus at Westfield, N. Y. in association with the common asparagus beetle C. asparagi Linn. It was not quite as abundant as the latter form though specimens were easily found on the vines and a number captured. This more recent introduction is already widely though locally dis- tributed in New York State. Dark sided cutworm (Paragrotis messoria _ Harr.). This rather common caterpillar was responsible for serious injury to primroses and other garden plants at Cold Spring Harbor, L. I. The attack occurred during the latter part of May. This cutworm, when full grown, is something over an inch long, dingy ash-gray in color, darker on the sides, with a dark, dingy dorsal line. Each segment is marked with eight small, black, hair-bearing tubercles arranged in two groups of four. The posterior extremity has a greenish tinge and the under surface and legs are somewhat lighter than the upper. 54 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM This cutworm and its allies are usually noticeable in early spring because of their depredations on young plants. Clean culture is one of the best methods of preventing injury and in the event of their occurring in numbers, poison baits, such as fresh clover dipped in paris green water or dry bran mixed with poison may be employed to destroy the pests. One of the most satisfactory methods, if the area is not too large, is digging out the cutworms and destroying them. Shade tree insects Sugar maple borer (Plagionotus Specrosus “Say )i.) -Mhissidestuetine maple borer continues its operations in the beautiful shade trees ornamenting the village streets in the State. It appears to be particularly destructive in the central western part, and our attention has re- cently been called to severe injuries which were observed by us some seven years earlier. The maples in the village of Le- roy, N. Y., appear to have been excep- tionally unfortunate so far as attacks by this species are concerned. A consider- able number of trees are infested by the borer and not a few have been severely injured. Earlier observations and work have shown the practicability of freeing infested maples very largely from this pest. Inhabited galleries should be care- fully investigated and exposed until the borer is fourd and destroyed, either with Fig. 2 Injury produced by a a hooked wire or with a knife. Such transverse burrow in a sugar : F = . maple about 18 inches indiam. WOUnds should be carefully dressed with eter (Author’s illustration) a protective material, one of the best of which ts a thick, pasty mixture of fresh air-slacked lime and cow dung. A covering of tar or a cheap paint is also very effective in protecting the exposed wocd from fungus infection and further insect Operations. An exceptionaliy interesting observation on the work of this insect was made in connection with a recent trip to Leroy. Seven years before, namely, in September 1899, we photographed a tree in that village which had been badly injured by this insect and figure 2 represents the condition of the trunk at that time. The tree REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 55 is about 18 inches in diameter and at the time the photograph was taken was in rather thrifty condition despite the fact that one side was completely girdled by the operations of this borer. It will be seen, by reference to the illustration, that the dead area had already commenced to enlarge and it was, therefore, not sur- prising on examining the tree in November of this year to find that the area of the exposed wood had greatly increased. The gallery shown in the figure was approximately 4 feet from the ground. At the present time the entire affected side [pl. 2], from the ground to 8 or 10 feet above, is dead, the bark has decayed or fallen away, and a large proportion of the magnificent limbs and branches on that side of the tree has disappeared. This illustrates in a striking manner the destructive nature of this insect’s oper- ations. It is very probable that an injury of this character could be helped by bridge grafting, and it is presumable that extremely beneficial results would have been obtained even if this means had not been employed until two or three years after the initial injury, provided the bridge grafts were inserted in rather vigorous tissues. It certainly illustrates the necessity of closely watching our valuable maples and early adopting measures which will assist in their recovering from such injury. We have shown elsewhere that the early work of this insect is readily detected by a careful examination in the fall, and the labor involved in cutting out and destroying the young grubs is very slight in comparison with the value of the trees. Systematic ex- aminations by one familiar with the early operations of the borer should be most productive of good results and we commend the adoption of such methods to all villages possessing maples badly infested by this destructive insect. White marked tussock moth (Hemerocampa leuco- stigma Abb. & Sm.). This leaf feeder, like the elm leaf beetle, is preeminently a city pest. The season of 1905 was marked by extensive injuries by this species in Buffalo, Lockport, Geneva, Rochester, Syracuse, Utica, Albany, Troy and Brooklyn. Some of these municipalities, as a result of popular agitation, adopted more or less effective measures for the control of this pest, and many egg masses were collected and destroyed during the early spring of 1906. Some sections of certain cities were largely freed from the pest as a result, while in other places the caterpillars were exceed- ingly abundant and destructive during the past season. This was particularly true in portions of New York and Brooklyn, Albany, Troy, Binghamton and Buffalo. 56 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM The caterpillars of this pest were so numerous on some streets and in parks of these cities as to be extremely obtrusive, occurring thickly on tree trunks, walks, fences and even the sides of buildings. Many of these places now harbor large numbers of the conspicuous white egg masses which, unless removed, give promise of a repe- tition of this plague in 1907. A summarized account of this insect has been prepared and will appear in a special bulletin treating of this species and the equally destructive elm leaf beetle. A very interesting condition was observed in Capitol park July 5. Many of the trees were badly infested by the tussock moth, several being almost entirely defoliated, and that morning the ground was rather thickly strewn with leaves and leaf-bearing twigs. Most of the latter bore from three to five or six leaves, and the cut end had invariably been completely girdled for a distance ranging from one fourth to nearly an inch in length. This peculiar form of injury was first observed by the late Dr Lintner in 1883, who actually saw caterpillars engaged in the girdling operation. Subsequently ques- tions arose as to whether the depredator was correctly identified. It is gratifying to state that the trees in Capitol park, mentioned above, were infested by practically no other insect, the tussock moth caterpillars were in several instances observed upon the falling twigs, and there is therefore every reason to believe that this larva was the author of this somewhat anomalous injury. The girdling was limited, as was also observed by Dr Lintner, to the new growth, and as the past summer has been exceptionally moist, it is barely possible that there is some connection between a rapid succulent growth and this form of injury, since it is only occasionally that the larvae girdle the twigs, as recorded above. Spiny elm caterpillar (Euvanessa antiopa Linn.). This large, dark, red spotted, black spined larva is present in small numbers from year to year on elm, willow and poplar, in particular. Caterpillars were received from different sections of the State, from the latter part of July to the middle of August, and in most instances they were taken for the gipsy moth, Porthetria dispar Linn., an insect which has not become established in the State so far as known. This spiny caterpillar feeds in clusters and, as a consequence, its operations are much more apparent than if it were less gregarious. It is quite susceptible to arsenical poisons and easily controlled by these means wherever such treatment is advisable. Elm leaf beetle (Galerueella Auteola) Mulls)7ytis REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 57 destructive enemy of European elms, in particular, has been abnor- mally abundant in certain sections. It was reported as being quite destructive at Oyster Bay, Ossining, Fort Edward and Ithaca, while personal observations show that it inflicted serious injuries to many elms in Albany and Troy. Most of the damage in the latter places followed the relaxation of repressive measures, due to the erroneous idea that the insect was well under control and therefore capable of inflicting relatively little harm. Trees which received timely applications of arsenical poisons were practically exempt from injury, while others, which in some sections were in the large majority, lost a very high percentage of their foliage, some being nearly stripped. The experience of recent years has demonstrated the practicability of controlling this insect in cities and villages. A summarized detailed account of this insect has been prepared and will be issued in a forthcoming bulletin. Fall webworm (Hyphantria textor Harr.). This well known species has been less abundant than usual as a rule, though larvae were received from different sections of the State from the latter part of August to the middle of September. The caterpillars, however, were in no instance excessively abundant. This species is easily controlled by removing the conspicuous nests and crushing the caterpillars within them, or by timely applications of an ar- senical poison. False maple scale (Phenacoccus acericola King). This species appears to be establishing a claim as one of the serious pests of the hard maple in New York State, since it has been quite injurious to trees in the vicinity of New York city, in particular, during the past four or five years. It was very abundant last summer at Port Chester, Middletown, and probably in other villages in the southern part of the State. It may be distinguished at once from the better known cottony maple scale by the fact that it occurs mostly on the foliage, the males making minute cottonlike cocoons on the trunk. These latter are frequently so close to each other as to give the infested tree an appearance of having been whitewashed. There are probably three generations of this destructive species in New York State. The young winter upon the trunk, beginning activities with the approach of warm weather, the second brood hatches in June and the third in August. The best method of controlling this species is in all probability by thorough spraying with a whale oil soap solution or a kerosene emulsion when the minute, yellowish young are crawling in abundance upon the leaves. This can be easily determined by a little observation. Whale oil 58 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM soap, used at the rate of 1 pound to 6 or 7 gallons of water, or the standard kerosene emulsion, diluted with nine parts of water, should be effective if thoroughly applied. A wash composed of 3 gallons of water, { pound of hellebore and one teaspoonful of carbolic acid, applied to the infested portions of the tree with a whitewash brush in early spring, has been found very effectual in Hlinois. It would not be surprising if a thorough application of a lime-sulfur wash in early spring would be equally valuable in checking this pest. Juniper scale (Diaspis carwels “large fozz)) mhis scale has been brought to notice several times on account of its occurring upon juniper in various localities in New York State. Mr John Dunbar, assistant superintendent of the park, Rochester, N. Y., writing under date of April 16, 1906, transmitted specimens of this scale and stated that it was becoming a menace to the juniper, Juniperus virginiana glauca, and also occurted on Pinus aristata, the latter being a new food plant for this species. Subsequent observations by Mr. Dunbar showed that this insect began breeding in Rochester early in June, and that thorough spraying at this time with a 5% solution of scalecide was very effectual in checking the pest. This scale insect was noticed in 1880 by Professor Comstock, who recorded it at that time as very common in Washington where it occurred on the following species of juniper and arbor-vitae: Juniperts (chinemsou igida,. Jevoxyicedrus3 ji .-g7e po meas. ee Ome Mainiss + io peresaie. aiaro lea or 1 en ta lis + vand Thuya occidentalis. Messrs Riley and Howard re- corded this species in 1895 from Jamaica Plain, Mass., where it occurred on Juniperus sphaerica, brought over from Germany some four or five years before. Elm bark louse (Gossyparia spwturia Mod.). This species has been quite destructive to elms, particularly the Scotch elm, in recent years. It is rather abundant and appears to be gener- ally distributed throughout the city of Troy, N. Y. The females had attained their maximum development early in July and the woolly matter excreted trom the lateral pores made the insects rather conspicuous. This bark louse while preferring European elms is also somewhat abundant on American elms, though hardly so injurious to the latter. Forest insects White. pine weevil (Pissiodes Strobi, Peck). she blighting work of this weevil on pine is well known, though full REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1908 59 details regarding its life history are still wanting. These insects were rather abundant on hard pine at Nassau, N. Y. April 109, 1906, showing that the beetles appear very early in the spring. Some were feeding, a few pairing, and it is probable that breeding begins early in the season and is continuous to a greater or less extent until late in the fall, though there may be somewhat larger numbers appearing in early spring and possibly another brood in midsummer. Hickory tussock moth (Halisidota caryae Harr.), The caterpillar of this moth is a very general feeder and specimens were received from the latter part of July to early in September, from localities in various parts of the State where the pest was devouring the foliage of a considerable variety of trees and shrubs. The depredations were in no instance exceptionally severe, and ordinarily repressive measures are not necessary. This leaf feeder is best controlled, when advisable, by timely applications of arseni- cal poisons. Black walnut worm (Datana integerrima Gr. & Rob.). Specimens of this caterpillar were received during the last of July and throughout August, from different sections of the State. It is a more or less common species upon black walnut and butternut, occasionally becoming so abundant as to defoliate entire trees or groups of trees. It is possible to destroy many of the insects by cutting off infested branches while the caterpillars are still young and crushing them, or if the trees be of sufficient value, it is amen- _able to arsenical sprays. Unfortunately these applications are not, as a rule, practical in the case of large trees. Witch-hazel cone gall (Hormaphis hamamelidis Fitch). The peculiar gall of this plant louse is ordinarily somewhat rare in the vicinity of Albany. The latter part of July and August it was seen that many of the witch-hazel clumps were badly infested with the galls of this species. They were so abundant on some shoots as-to seriously injure and almost destroy the foliage. It was not at all difficult to find five to seven galls upon a single leaf and in some instances 20 to 25 could be counted. > Miscellaneous Nicole scall midge -(Contarinia violicolia ‘Coq.). This insect is undoubtedly a very serious pest of the extensive violet- growing industry in and about Rhinebeck. There must be close to $500,000 invested in this business and the gross annual income 60 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM therefrom is very probably an equal amount. A number of green- houses were visited in October 1906, and several of them showed serious injury as a result of the work of this pest. The crop, according to estimates of growers, is reduced in many houses from one third to one half, involving a considerable loss in the aggregate, and should this infestation become more general, the results may be very serious to the industry as a whole. An examination showed that the insect was distinctly local in its operations, since one half of a house 150 feet long might be seriously injured, while the other half was almost exempt from at- tack. Even in smaller houses there were distinct areas which suffered more severely than others, sometimes these being limited to only a square yard or two. ‘he larvae at the time of our investigation had mostly disappeared, though in the Rockefeller house they were rather abundant. ‘This is probably to be explained by the fact that the proprietors have allowed the temperature of their houses to remain rather high in the last few weeks, hoping to enable the plants in a measure to outgrow the injury earlier inflicted. The growers are almost unanimous in stating that when the temperature of a house can be kept down to 4o at night, not rising over 60 in the daytime, there is very little or no injury from this pest, and examination of other houses where this low temperature had been maintained, bore out their statements. The flies, according to the growers, very rarely leave the plants and can be discovered only by flushing them with the hand. An examination showed, even in houses where there were flies on the plants and numerous larvae, that none were to be found on the windows, even in the sheds at the ends of the houses nor in cobwebs spun here and there about the structure. The insect displays a marked preference for recently opened leaves, apparently depositing its eggs in those which have just expanded fully and, according to the growers, leaves perfectly straight one day may be badly curled the next. They note that leaves can be curled in a few hours and are of the opinion that only a day or so lapses between the deposit of the egg and the curling of the leaves, an operation which protects the larva from most insecticides. Furthermore, several of them state that fumiga- tion with hydrocyanic acid gas apparently has no influence whatso- ever in destroying the larvae, though there is little doubt but that the flies are killed. There is a marked periodicity in the abundance of the larvae. Last summer they were first noticed in numbers early in July and then they became abundant again in August, and experience this year has shown that they may continue working in REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 OI numbers even as late as the latter part of October. A number of infested leaves, portions of plants, were received October 10, through Mr Haines, from Rhinebeck. They were placed on soil the 12th and at that time no pupae were manifest. The first adults appeared on the 22d, others emerged subsequently to the 26th, when about four were bred out. Another individual was obtained November 3 and lived to the 5th at least. Owing to the fact that the plants could not be well cared for, it is probable that the period of the appearance of the flies was somewhat abridged by the unnatural conditions. The data above shows that not over 10 days are necessary from the time the larvae forsakes the plant till the appear- ance of the perfect fly and it may possibly be a little less. No pupae were observed on the leaves and there is no doubt but that the insect normally undergoes its final transformations in the soil. Remedies. The parent fly appears to be closely limited to the piants about which it breeds and apparently very local in habit. This leads us to suggest that it would be advisable to take every precaution to avoid the introduction of the pest with newly set plants, since a little effort along this line would result in com- parative immunity during most of the season. Another important factor in checking this insect appears to be keeping the temperature as low as possible in the early fall. The injuries were much more marked, for example, in certain houses where there was an attempt made to hasten the growth of the plants by keeping them warmer than usual, than in other houses where there was no effort made to force the plants. The experience of violet growers apparently indicates that fumi- gation with hydrocyanic acid gas is of comparatively little service in checking this pest. This is probably to be explained by the fact that they have been unable to give this treatment at a time when a majority of the flies were abroad and before a considerable pro- portion of the eggs had been deposited. It is presumably true that this powerful insecticide is of comparatively little value in killing the larvae, though it should be most effective in destroying the flies. Evidence at hand indicates a marked periodicity in the appearance of this insect and it is probable that a little observation would result in securing data which would enable a grower to fumigate at a period when most beneficial results could be obtained. Periodical cicada (Tibicen septendecim Linn.). This insect, on account of its large size and its appearance in hosts at long intervals in different localities, is of great popular interest. 62 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Six broods are known to occur in New York State, the one appear- ing the present season being designated by Dr Marlatt as brood 8. It is the one known as number 6 of Messrs Walsh and Riley, and was confused by Dr Fitch in 1855 with a 13 year brood, which occurs to the south. This species has been recorded from two coun- ties in Massachusetts, it is listed from Long Island and occurs in several places in northern New Jersey and in central Pennsylvania. No detailed records, so far as we have been able to find, have been made of the occurrence of this brood in New York State, and this opportunity 1s taken to place on record certain facts concerning 1ts distribution, which have been ascertained during the past summer. This brood appears to be limited very largely to a section of Suffolk county west of Riverhead and occurring, so far as we know, in a very few localities in the eastern part of Queens county> The list of localities compiled from various correspondents is as follows: Wading River, Port Jefferson, Saint James, Farmingville, Coram, on the road from Port Jefferson to Patchogue, Manorville, East- port, East Moriches, Center Moriches, Commack, Brentwood, Cold Spring Harbor, Laurelton, Huntington, Oyster Bay, East Norwich and Syosset. There is also a record of its presence in very limited numbers on Staten Island. There is a bare possibility that this brood also exists in the Hudson river valley, though we are inclined to believe that the record given below is based upon a mistaken identity in the species or else that they may refer to stragglers from brood 12, due to appear next in 1911. Mr H. D. Lewis of Annandale, N. Y. who resides in one of the strongholds of this latter brood, states that this summer he observed several pupal cases, which he is quite confident are those of the periodical cicada, though we would not be surprised if he had mistaken therefor those of the harvest fly, Tibicen tibicen Linn., an insect which appears later in the season and at the time when the pupal cases were observed by Mr Lewis. This species is such a unique form among insects that consider- able interest has been aroused in regard to the possibility of its eventually being exterminated with the advance of civilization. The somewhat detailed records as to the abundance of this species in the various localities mentioned above, may- prove of some service in determining this question in later years. The Brooklyn Daily Times of June 29 stated that periodical cicadas were present in large numbers at Wading River in the woodlands to the north of the Long Island Railroad experimental farm. The same paper, REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 63 under the same date, stated that a party of Wading River people, who drove from that place through Coram to Patchogue, reported that great numbers of this insect were crushed in the wheel ruts. The underbrush and low trees were literally covered with cicadas to such an extent that “it was like grasshopper days out in the prairies; the buzzing was deafening, one actually could not walk along the ground without stepping on them.” The Port Jefferson Echo recorded the appearance of cicadas in the vicinity of that village. These insects were reported by the same paper as being very abundant at Saint James, and Mr George T. Lyman informed me that they were present at Farmingville in the middle of the island. Mr G. W. Raynor of Manorville, in the center of the island, stated that these insects were abundant in that vicinity. The New York Tribune of June 5 stated that cicadas were very abundant about Eastport, and that millions of them were filling the woods north of the village with their song. “The pests are said to be more numerous than at any time since 1864, and in some places they darken the air, hiding the sun. Persons driving along the woodland roads have their horses and carriages covered with clouds of the insects. In some localities they are so thick that men have had to stop work.” The Brooklyn Times of June 6 stated that large numbers of the 17 year locust were seen in the woods north of East Moriches. The insect was also reported in large numbers from Center Moriches by Mr H. D. Smith. The Brooklyn Times of June 21 reports having received specimens of this brood from F. E. Nichols of Brentwood. There is a considerable area in the vicinity of Oyster Bay infested by this brood. The Enterprise of June 16 of East Moriches stated that these insects were drumming incessantly in East Pine Hollow woods and added that 34 years ago they appeared in the woods on the farm of Mr D. V. Horton and 17 years ago there were less of them than formerly. Through the enthusiastic cooperation of Mr F. E. Lutz, connected with the Station for Experimental Evolution at Cold Spring Harbor, we are enabled to present some detailed notes respecting the occurrence of this insect in that vicinity. There is a colony near Cold Spring Harbor at Laurelton, which does not extend west quite to Brookville. Another colony has its center near. Fast Moriches, stragglers from this joining with the Laurelton infestation. About a mile south of Commack Mr Lutz found a pupal skin, and a few feet away, the battered remains of an adult. Careful searching failed to reveal others and none were heard. 64 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM A half mile farther south he found another cicada, and shortly thereafter got into the scrub oak region where the insects were very common. He did not consider them abundant, though collecting was easy and males could be heard in one direction or another nearly all the time. This colony extends to the improved part of the village of Brentwood. The colony at Cold Spring Harbor occurs on the Alton and Miami stony loam. It appears to have very definite boundaries, which do not coincide with anything in plants, soil or physiography so far as could be determined. Respect- ing the occurrence of this brood on Staten Island, Mr William T. Davis states that in April he received a pupa found under a stone by a friend. Later in the season, namely on June 10, he heard a periodical cicada call in a tree at Richmond valley; it did not cing long and consequently he was unable to capture it. Seventeen years ago a pupa skin of this brood was recorded from Staten Island. This brood, as far as we can ascertain, does not occur on Long Island east of Eastport. There were no signs of its presence at Westhampton, and Mr F. A. Sirrine of Riverhead and J. W. Hand of Easthampton both reported no evidences of this insect in either locality. Furthermore, the cicada could hardly have been abundant on the eastern end of the island or some notice of its presence would have appeared in local papers. It may be interesting, in this connection, to give some recent notes on brood 12, the largest occurring in New York State. It was exceedingly abundant at Annandale in 1896, and in examining an orchard October 9, 1906, several apple limbs were observed which showed plainly the scars made by this insect a decade ago. Many of them were nearly healed over, just an irregular crevice being the only external indication of the injury, while in a few instances the wound had been so severe that healing was not prompt, and as a result there is at the present time a considerable area of decayed wood with the oviposition scars in the center. The tissues growing around these wounded dead areas have enlarged the diameter of the branch considerably in one direction, and in not a few cases the limbs break off at these points of greatest injury. Mr H. D. Lewis, proprietor of the orchard states that the cicadas are so abundant in that section as to kill five year old trees and as a consequence he does not dare to set out young trees for some years previous to the time when a brood is due. He found during the previous appearance that rolling and harrowing the ground when the insects were emerging, resulted in destroying thousands. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 65 He observed a decade ago a marked difference between localities cultivated as described above and other places where no attempt had been made to check the insects. So many were killed that he pro- poses to adopt this measure on the next appearance of this brood, in the hope of largely reducing the injury to his fruit trees. He is of the opinion that the adults are rather local, remaining as a rule near the place of emergence and rarely wandering away to a greater distance than 4 mile. Preventive measures. There is no very practical method of preventing injury by this insect, aside from refraining from setting trees a few years before a large brood is due in a locality. This caution is timely in respect to brood 12, due to appear in por- tions of Albany, Columbia, Dutchess, Greene, Orange, Putnam, Richmond, Rensselaer, Rockland, Saratoga, Ulster, Washington and Westchester counties and on Long Island in 1911. We would not advise the setting of young trees in localities badly infested by this brood, after the spring of 1907, and in certain situations where the insect is exceptionally abundant, it will be wise to refrain from setting out any more fruit trees till after the appearance of the brood. Something may be accomplished, as detailed above, by timely cul- tivation and rolling, though :t is obvious that these measures can be advised only where there is liability of considerable injury to fruit trees, or where conditions are such that comparatively little addi- tional expense is involved, owing to the fact that there is need of cultivating the ground about the time the insects appear. More valuable young trees and shrubbery can be protected from injuries by inclosing them with netting, preferably the ordinary mosquito netting, during the time the adults are abroad. This measure is obviously limited in its application to smaller trees and shrubs, and, as a rule, will be adopted only to protect the more valuable ornamentals. WOLUNTARY, ENTOMOLOGICAL SERVICE OF NEW YORK SLATE Owing to a variety of causes the number of voluntary observers communicating with the office has been exceptionally small. This is due in part to relatively few important insect depredations, to a loss of interest on the part of some, and to the fact that other matters in the office prevented giving this branch of the work more attention than was absolutely necessary. It will be observed, how- 66 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ever, that we have reports from typical localities in the Hudson river valley as well as the central and western portions of the State and that these accounts deal with the more destructive insect pests. There is decided advantage in having such correspondents in various parts of the State, even though they may not make exhaustive reports, since they are usually available should any emergency arise, and this is of considerable importance when the army worm or some other equally destructive insect is abundant. Cattaraugus county [C. E. Eldredge, Leon] — The somewhat rare larva of the carpet fly (Scenopinus fenestralis Linn.) was observed in some numbers under carpets—May 2. The silver fish (Thermobia furnorum Proy.) was found in woolen cloth which had been eaten by it or some other insect — July 11 [F. A. Fitch, Randolph|]|— Cabbage butterflies (Pontia ra- pae Linn.) have appeared in small numbers. Tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americana Fabr.) are scarce— May 21 torn fhes (Haematobiva Ssieria ta “hob:-Desva) mae become quite troublesome and cabbage worms are now abundant Aug. & The black walnut worm (Datana integerrima Gr. & Rob.) was very abundant in this section and has defoliated a number of trees. The fall webworm (Hy- phantria textor Harr.) is also somewhat injurious.— Aug. 24 Dutchess county [Henry D. Lewis, Annandale] — Oyster scale (Lepidosaphes “wlmi” Timn)) Mand sca iyeyscate (Chionaspis furfura Fitch) continue abundant and rather destructive, particularly on young trees. The San José scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.) is well established and injurious in the vicinity of Germantown.—May 14. The bud moth (Imeetocera ocellana Schift:) 1s moderatelhwnumer ous and green apple aphids appeared the past week. Cutworms are quite numerous and the small cucumber flea beetle (Epitrix cucumeris Harr.) is abundant. Rose beetles (Macrodac- tylus subspinosus Fabr.) and cutworms are very pre- valent— May 26. Potato beetles (Doryphora decim- lineata Say) have become quite numerous the past week and the same is true of the striped squash beetle (Diabrotica vittata Fabr.) and the cucumber flea beetle (Epitrix cu- cumeris Harr.). Scurfy and oyster scale continue abundant.— June 9. Aphids have been quite numerous in this immediate sec- and injurious. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 67 tion, though not so abundant as last year. Currant worms (Pier = onus ribesii Scop.) appeared later than usual and in con- siderable numbers. Potato beetles are more abundant than for several years, possibly due to neglect in poisoning the vines, owing to the relative scarcity of the pest during the last two years. The work, of the elm ieaf beetle (Galerucella luteola Mull.) is apparent though not very marked.— July 3 Genesee county [J. F. Rose, South Byron]— Asparagus Becties CC TIOCeris, aspatagi Linn.) appeared May 15, potato beetles (Doryphora decim-lineata Say) the 18th. INe-tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americana Fabr.) have been observed. Aphids are abundant on roses— May 2. Cabbage maggots (Phorbia brassicae Bouché) are at work as usual; we have found that a couple of moth balls placed next to each plant when set, is an excellent protective. Asparagus beeties are very abundant and striped cucumber beetles (Diabro- tica vittata Fabr.) are numerous— May 17. Asparagus beetles are more abundant than usual and a cabbage butterfly (Pontia rapae Linn.) was observed May 23.—May 28. Two nests of fall webworms (Hyphantria textor Harr.) were observed July 9. Potato beetles (Doryphora decim- lineata Say) have been rarer than in many years. Only one squash bug (A nasa tristis DeG.) has been observed. Cabbage worms are present in smaller numbers.— July 17 Herkimer county [George S. Graves, Newport] — Tent cater- Pilliesiiveca tacos Oma americana. Fabr.) were first observed May 17 and a few nests were seen the following day.— Woayecs. *Cutrant worms. (Pteronus ribesii Scop.) were half grown June 3. No potato beetles (Doryphora decim- lineata Say) have been observed. Horn flies (Haematobia serrata Rob.-Desv.) are quite abundant on cattle— June 5. These latter insects are reported by farmers as being generally abundant and very annoying to cattle. Cabbage worms (Pontia rapae Linn.) were rather numerous in early cabbage— July 31. Fall webworms (H yphantria textor Harr.) were observed ona plum. The black walnut worm (Datana integerrima Gr. & Rob.) has been very destructive to black walnut, defoliating many trees. Very few potatoes in gardens next to sod ground have been affected by wireworms— Aug. 15. Yellow-necked apple worms (Datana ministra Walk.) are full grown and have caused considerable injury to the foliage. Horn flies continue 68 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM abundant and grasshoppers are numerous though they have not caused much injury.— dug. 28 Suffolk county [F. E. Lutz, Cold Spring Harbor] — Cabbage butterflies (Pontia rapae Linn.) were first observed April 14. The brown and black woolly bear (Isia isabella Abb. & Sm.) has been observed crawling every month during the winter— Apr. 19. Adults of the green striped grasshopper (Chorto- phaga viridifasciata DeG.) were observed May 2. The form infuscata appears to be relatively more abundant than usual. This is more southern than the green variety. Possibly the warm weather had something to do with this though it is doubtful. — May 9. The dark-sided cut worm (Paragrotis messoria Harr.) has been quite abundant and destructive, in particular to evening primroses. The periodical cicada (Tibicen septen- decim Linn.) has appeared in this section— May 30 Warren county [C. L. Williams, Glens Falls] —Cutworms have been very abundant and tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americana Fabr.) more numerous than for several years past. The larder beetle (Dermestes lardarius Linn:)) has*been somewhat plentiful about houses.— June 3 Westchester county [Frank R. Calkins, Ossining] — The elm leaf beetle (Galerucella luteola Mull.) has been more de- structive than in any previous year, owing to the utter lack of repressive measures. “ Nearly every tree in town has been com- pletely defoliated and now the second crop of leaves has been attacked and is nearly eaten by the young larvae.”— July 30 Wyoming county [\W. H. Roeper, Wyoming] — The first tent caterpillars (Malacosoma americana Fabr.) were ob- served May 12, though not in large numbers. The wheat sawfly (Cephus occidentalis Riley & Marl.) has been inflicting considerable injury. The codling moth (Carpocapsa pomo- nella Linn.) has been rather abundant on apples, and canker worms are causing a great deal of injury.— June IT MIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE” ENTOM@EOGICE The following is a list of the principal publications of the Ento- mologist during the year 1906. Seventy-four are given with the title,t place, time of publication and a summary of the contents of * Titles are given as published, and in some instances they have been changed or supplied by the editors of the various papers. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 69 each. Volume and page number are separated by a colon, the first superior figure gives the column and the second the exact place in the column in ninths: e. g. 70:956°* means volume 70, page 956, column 3, in the sixth ninth, i. e. about two thirds of the way down. Oyster Scale. Country Gentleman, Oct. 19, 1905, 70:956°° Brief economic notice of the oyster scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi Linn. The Moth Situation. Country Gentleman, Oct. 19, 1905, 70 :9624!_63” Brief summary of conditions in eastern Massachusetts, with special refer- ence to the gipsy moth, Porthetria dispar Linn. and the brown tail moth, Euproctis chrysorrhoea Linn. with a discussion of repres- sive measures. Mosquitos and Nature Study. N. Y. S. E. D. Science Division Folder, p. 1-8. Issued Oct. 20, 1905. The importance of these insects and their availability for nature study is pointed out. 20th Report of the State Entomologist 1904. N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 97, Entomology 24, p.357-597, pl. 19 Advance copies issued Oct. 30, 1905. Contents PAGE PAGE lentteyaltrentoinh aes arene ae eae ere 359 | List of publications of the En- General entomologic features. 359 tOmolOgistaese sees ee oe 418 MCE WOT=. «/. <0 as s,s <' 359 | Contributions to collection ..... 426 Special investigations ........ 360 | Appendix: Insect exhibit at the PAD IIGATIONS «= b/s sisc1e « oa.0 06,4 pices yout Louisiana Purchase Exposi- Collections of insects......... 361 Tay Lay eon CaN Ray gehen A 2 431 Nursery certificates .......... 262-4 Studies: in Citlicidae.s : 2222. S. 442 Voluntary observers.......... 363 ; Jassidae of New York State. Acknowledgments............ 363 Eimenrrr SOSHORN «6 ecs6 Sok s~c 408 (ARROHSMINSECIS <0 s 010. canoe ons 364 | List of Hemiptera Taken in the INGUESmaOre the Yeats oy ces. os 32). 2220 F< ank 62 Grass and grain insects....... 93 ip Me TOs: Gnas ee onc bot 53 Shade: trée uinisects yan eee 05 Collections. sak Kish 8 S. 54 Rorest: treeeinsects-.2- o.oo 08 Otice work see AS 54 Miscellariepuse> 22. 2eee aan 102 REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 77 PAGE PAGE The shade tree problem in New Species acquired through ex- Wi ihe (STAC eee see eee ee 105 CHANGE es 2 de iss das oe ee eee 148 Wasnt. Control ® 2.5552 22.5 60 109 | Contributions to collection...... 151 Studies in Cecidomyiidae....... 116 | Explanation of plates........... 157 Voluntary entomeloric service. ryz | ladex 5 2. 200s cece ees sacs ase 177 List of publications of the Ento- “rE LONCr St ele pale eae 142 The Shade Tree Problem in New York State. Reprint from N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 104, 21st State Entomologist Rep’t 1905. 1906. p-105-9, 2 pl. A plea for the better protection of shade trees. Mosquito Control. Reprint from N. Y. State Mus. Bul. 104, 21st State Entomologist Rep’t 1905. 1906. p.109-16, 8 pl. A summary account of mosquitos with a discussion of control methods. Oyster Scale. Country Gentleman, Sept. 20, 1906, 71 :8727° Brief economic notice of the oyster scale, Lepidosaphes ulmi Linn. Black Flea Beetle. Country Gentleman, Sept. 20, 1906, 71 :872*° Remedial measures are given for the black flea beetle, Epitrix cucumeris Harr. Horticultural Diseases and Pests. N. Y. State Lib. Bul. 29e. 1905. P-77-79 Issued Sept. 24. Review and summary of legislation for 1905. Notes for 1905 from New York. U. S. Dep't Agric. Bur. Ent. Bul. 60, 1906, p.89-90 Brief observations are given on the following species: Webworms, Crambus vulgivagellus Clem.; army worm, Heliophila uni- puncta Haw.; codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella Linn.; apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh; rose beetle. Macrodac- tylus subspinosus Fabr.; scurfy scaley Chionaspis furfura Fitch; grape root worm, Fidia viticida Walsh; spittle insects, Philaenus lineatus Linn. and P. spumaria Linn.; white marked tussock moth, Hemerocampa leucostigma Abb. & Sm; fall web- worm, Hyphantria textor Harr.; elm leaf beetle, Galerucella luteola Mill.; elm case-bearer, Coleophora limosipennella Dup.; false maple scale, Phenacoccus acericola King; woolly maple leaf aphid, Pemphigus acerifolii Riley and the green- neaded horsefly, ITabanus iineola Fabr. Experiments with Insecticides on the San José Scale. U. S. Dep't Agric. Bur. Ent. Bul. 60, 1906, p.137—38 Experiments with lime-sulfur washes and the so called K-L mixtures are briefly summarized as being decidedly in favor of the lime-sulfur washes for work against Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst. 78 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM San José Scale. Country Gentleman, Oct. 4, 1906, 71 :921" Thorough spraying with a lime-sulfur wash, preceded by pruning, is advised for:San José scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst. Pear Blister Mite. Country Gentleman, October 11, 1906, 71 :944°° Remedial measures are given for the pear blister mite, Eriophyes pyri Nal. CONTRIBUTIONS TO COLLECTION OCT216"1605-CCr 13, 1906 The following list of acquisitions is limited mostly to species of importance, either on account of their relative scarcity or because of their injurious nature, since it was deemed inadvisable to include in this list a number of very common forms received yearly and accompanied by no data of special value. DONATION Hymenoptera Bembex pallidipicta Sm, cocoons, Sept. 11, J. B. Woodworth, Fort Edward, N. Y. Cratotechus sp., adults, Aug. 20, Miss S. J. Russell, Blue Point, IES Te, IN, Aulax giechomae Hite. galls on Gite chjomiay meme arcedn Linn., June 20, S. H. Burnham, Albany, N. Y. Neuroterus batatus Fitch, oak potato gall, gall on white oak, Sept. 15, S. H. Burnham, S. E. Easton Hills, N. Y. Andricgus lana Fitch, oak wool gall, June 4 BF. E. Lutz Gold Spring: Harbor, 1. 1.,5N. Y¥. A. petiolicola Bass., oak leaf stalk gall, June 4, F. E. Lutz, Cold Sprine arbor lls INe ¥ A.seminator Harr., wool sower, June 4, F. E. Lutz, Cold Spring lelairp@rr, IL, Ik; IN, YZ. . A. singularis Bass., oak leaf apple, June 4, F. E. Lutz, Cold Sp Lines lelarb Ot lean les eNes a Amphibolips confluentus Harr., large oak apple, June 4, PoE. Lutz, Cold Spring Harbor, bal) Nee A. ilicifoliae ‘Bass., black scrubsoale gallaiiune a PoekeseueZ Cold Spring’ Harbors. Ll. 1 Nee Harpe horus tarsatus Say, larvae om Cormusesept. cols: Silliman, Old Chatham, N. Y. Pontania pomum Walsh, willow apple gall, gall on heart-leaved willow, Sept. 15, S. H. Burnham, S. E. Easton Hills, N. Y. Kaliosysphinga ulmi Sund., elm leaf miner, larva on Camper- down or weeping elm, June 10, Barton C. Meays, Baldwinsville, N. Y. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906' 79 Coleoptera Tomicus balsameus Lec. balsam bark borer, adult, June 22, E. P. VanDuzee}; Buffalo, N. Y. Galaga dra we tamara Minn. eran weevil, adults, Oct: 10, J. J: Barden, Stanley, N. Y. Systena hudsonias Frost, black headed flea beetle, adult on grape, July 30, Will E. Skinner, Portland, N. Y. Galerucella luteola Mill., elm leaf beetle, larvae on elm, July 9g, A. R. Wing, Fort Edward, N. Y. Saperda candida Fabr., round headed appletree borer, adults and larvae on apple, June 19, T. F. Niles, Chatham, N. Y. Phymatodes amoenus Say, grapevine Phymatodes on grape- vine, Mar. to, P. L. Huested, Blauvelt, N. Y. Euphoria inda Linn, bumble flower beetle, adult, Aug. 29, A. M. Loomis, Dunkirk, N. Y. Same, Sept. 7, L. M. Olmsted, Jamestown, N. Y. Macrodactylus subspinosus Fabr., rose beetle, adults on grape, June 16, D. K. Falvay, Westfield, N. Y. Madrobregmus errans Melsh, adult on pine, Sept to, Chauncey Posson, Albany, N. Y. (Boring in pine beam) Dytiscus harrisii Kirby, margined water beetle, adult, Nov. 20, George L. Fredrick, Albany, N. Y. Diptera Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh, apple maggot, larvae in apple, Sept. 5, C. W. Stuart, Newark, N. Y. Scop Iw Ss. fevers tira las Linn) .carpet fly, larva, May 2: C2E. Eldredge, Leon, N. Y. Anopheles maculipennis Meig., malarial mosquito, male and female, July 14, C. S. Ludlow, Ft Logan, Ark. A.punctipennis Say, Apr. 17, C. R. Pettis, Saranac Junction, N. Y. (Through Forest, Fish and Game Com’n) Culicada cantator Coq., brown salt marsh mosquito, living larvae, May 18, John R. Lott, Brooklyn, N. Y. C. sollicitans Walk., salt marsh mosquito, Aug. 13, H. C. Weeks, Bayside, i. 1. Nz Y. Culiseta absobrinus Felt, larvae, Aug. 2, H. C. Weeks, Paul Sauth’s, NY. Culex pipiens Linn., house mosquito, larvae, pupae and adults, Dec 13, J. H. Ashworth, Edinburgh, Scotland. €. rwestuans Thed., white spotted mosqu:to, adult, Sept. 12, J. G: Needham, Lake Michigan C.hassardii Gbhm,, adults and larvae, July 2, M. Grabham, Jamaica, W. I. C. microannulatus Theo, adults (male and female), July 14, C. S. Ludlow, Washington, D. C. C. gelidus Theo., adults (female), July 14, C. S. Ludlow, Washing- izorme, ID) (C: Stegomyia mediovittata Coq, adults and larvae, July 2, M. Grabham, Jamaica, W. I. 80 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM S. arnesii Ludlow, adults (male and female), July 14, C. S. Ludlow, Washington, D. C. Mansonia uniformis Theo., adult, Nov. 14, Andrew Balfour, Khartoum, Africa. Wyeomyia smithii Coq. pitcher plant mosquito, larvae in pitcher plant, May 7, L. H. Joutel, Lakehurst, N. J. Finlaya porcilia Theo., female, July 14, C. S. Ludlow, Wash- ington, D. C. Mochlostyrax jamaicensis Gbhm., adults and larvae, July 2, M. Grabham, Jamaica, W. I. Myzomyia thorntonii Ludlow, adult (female, cotype), July 14, C. S. Ludlow, Washington, D. C. Howardina aureostriata Gbhm., adults and larvae, July 2, M. Grabham, Jamaica, W. lL. Eucorethra underwoodi Undw,, giant mosquito, larvae, Aug. 2, H. C. Weeks, Paul Smith’s, N. Y. Corethrella appendiculata Gbhm.,, adults and larvae, July 2, M. Grabham, Jamaica, W. I. Contarinia violicola Cogq,., violet gall midge, larvae on violet, Oct owes Eainesss ih nimepe cea Nene Tipula sp., crane fly, Apr. 17, C. R. Pettis, Saranac Junction, N. Y. (Through Forest, Fish and Game Com’n) Lepidoptera Piolsyac Omiiiva = tilts elie O.eeait Onn 1s Fabr., hop merchant, larvae on elm, July 20, Miss Louise E. Swartz, Dahlia, N. Y. Satyrodés canthus LEmn:, adult) july 2rh. SS] Dibp Ushers: iNeYe Sphecodina abbotii Swainson, larvae on woodbine, July 13, W. J. Guernsey, Albany, N. Y. Pholus pandorus Hibn, adult, July 19, W. S. Hamlin, Glen- ville, N. Y. P. achemon Drury, larva, July 19, A. G. Appleton, Albany, N. Y. Ampelophaga myron Cramer, grapevine sphinx, larva on grape, Aug. 21, Lee Richardson, Rome, N. Y. Phlegethontius quinquemaculata Haw., tomato worm, adult, Sept. 13, N. Albert Sehoenbuch, Stapleton, New York, N. Y. Sphinx drupiferarum Abb. & Sm, adult, June 10, George S. Graves, Newport, N. Y. Smerinthus jamaicensis Drury, adult, July 18, Editor, Avon Herald, Avon, N. Y. Citheronia regalis Fabr., hickory horned devil, caterpillar, Sept. 13, Alex More, Rockville Center, L. I., N. Y. Estigmene acraea Drury, larvae, Sept. 5, Charles Hosie, Fern- dale, N. Y. Apatela americana Harris, larva on maple, Aug. 20, S. J. Russell, Blue Point, L. I., N. Y. A. interrupta Guen.,, larvae, Aug. 28, M. W. VanDenburg, Mt Vernon, N. Y. REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 81 Arsilonche albovenosa Goeze, adult, June 10, George S. Graves, Newport, N. Y. Hadena arctica Boisd., cutworm, adult, July 28, M. Gabriel, Mileses, N. Y. Peridroma margaritosa Haw., variegated cutworm, larvae, July 25, J. M. Erwin, New Salem, N. Y.- One light army worm, Lelio phila unip unc ta. Haw. Paragrotis messoria Harris, dark sided cutworm, larvae, May 26.90 i. Lutz, Cold “Spring Harbor, L. I. N. Y. - Same, June 1, S.-C: Martin, Schenectady, N. Y. Mamestra, adjuncta Boisd.,-adult, May 21, F. A. Fitch, Ran- dolph, N. Y. Papatpem a nite la (Guen;- larvae, June 26,5. E.. Lutz, “Cold Sprme tarbor. 1: 1.,..N. Y. Catocala.relicta Walk., moth, Sept. 20, C. N. Stevens, South Gilboa, N. Y. C. grotiana’ Bailey, Aug. 13, Alice E. Bartlett, Delhi, N. Y. Hemerocampa leucostigma Abb. & Sm. white marked tus- sock moth, caterpillar, July 26, C. F. Van Horne, Glen, N. Y. Same larva on maple, Aug. 2, E. B. Frey, Palatine Bridge, N. Y. Same, female, Nome owe. Pettis, saranac Junction, Ni Yo). Paleacrita vernata Pack., spring cankerworm, larva on apple, June 4, L. Emmett Holt, New York city. Earias insulana Boisd., eggs, larvae, adult on cotton, Dec. 23, F. V. Theobald, Egypt, Africa. ; ?Oiketicus abbotii Grote, southern bagworm on cyprus, Jan. 8, Hermann Von Schrenk, New Orleans, La. Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis Haw., bagworm on cedar, Jan 8, Hermann Von Schrenk, New Orleans, La. Same, probably on mangrove near Palm Beach, Fla., Jan. 22, Hermann Von Schrenk, St Louis, Mo. Same, Apr. 3, L. V. Case, Tarrytown, N. Y. Same, cocoon and pupa, Sept. 7, Miss Helen Weston, West New Brighton, Staten Island, INCEY.: , Sibine stimulea Clem., saddle back caterpillar, larva, Aug. 16, Mekeel Bros., Yorktown Heights, N. Y. (Through Agricultural De- partment) Euclea delphinii Boisd., slug caterpillar, larvae, Sept. 4, F. N. Beebe, Walton, N. Y. Zeuzera:-pyrina Linn., leopard moth, larvae on maple, Sept. 7, Miss Helen Weston, West New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y. Sesia pictipes Gr. & Rob, larvae on plum, June 15, F. P. Wilson, Schenectady, N. Y. ?Thiodia, species on oak, May 24, L. H. Joutel, New York city. Eulia politana Haw,, pine tube builder on white pine needles, Jan. 10, Robert L. Stevens, Westbury, L. I., N. Y. Anarsia lineatella Zell. peach twig moth on cherry, Oct. 23, C. Kennedy, Coxsackie, N. Y. Coptodisca splendoriferella Clem, resplendent shield bearer, work, Sept. 30, H. W. Covert, Waterford, N. Y. Crambus sp., grass webworms, larvae on corn, June 14, Lansing A. Dick, Germantown, N. Y. 82 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Corrodentia Psocus venosus Burm. Psocus or book louse, nymphs on maple, Aug. 1, F. P. Hochstrasser, Berne, N. Y. Same, adult on maple, Aug. 8, J. N. Wright, Grand Gorge, N. Y. Same, Aug. 13, J. M. Graeff, Westport, N. Y. Neuroptera Chrysopa sp. eggs on apple, Sept. 18, J. F. Rose, South Byron, Nee Corydalis cornuta Linn, devil fly or horned corydalis, adult, July 14, G. G. Blakeslee, Rensselaer, N. Y. Chauliodes pectinicornis Linn, comb horned fish fly, adult, July 28, E. F. Connally, Troy, N. Y. Hemiptera Tibicen septendecim Linn, periodical cicada, adult, May 28, EE. Lutz, Cold Springs, Harbor, L: I NPY. ‘Sante, adult iunesr2 H. D. Smith, Center Moriches, L. I., N. Y. Belostoma americanum Leidy., Apr. 19, Thomas Barry, Albany, Nema Phylloxera caryae-globuli Walsh, June 4B. Es Lutz ColdsSpring klanbor es le Nae Schizoneura americana Riley, young and adults on elm, June 22, Julius G. Linsley, Oswego, N. Y. ; Callipterus ulmifolii Mon, elm leaf aphis, work on elm, July 24, Rev. G. H. Purdy, Warrensburg, N. Y. Chermaphis abietis Linn, spruce gall aphid, galls, June 20, James M. Andrews, Schenectady, N. Y. Aleyrodes betheli Ckll. MS., on Berberis, Sept. 27, T. D. A. Cockerell, Ouray, Col. Chermes pinicorticis Fitch, pine bark aphid, hatching young on pine, May 20, C. R. Pettis, Saranac Junction, N. Y. Parlatoria proteus Curt, on Japanese onanee, wane ease Anderson, Victoria, B. C. Chrysomphalus rossi Mask, ‘Sept, 27, 2.) Ay Cockerels \Lwieloanm, J24 I. Pseudaonidia duplex Ckll., on orange from Japan, Dec. 18; J. R. Anderson, Victoria, B. C. Aspidiotus rapax Comst., greedy scale on California lemon, Jan. 4, J. R: Anderson, Victoria, B. C. A. perniciosus Comst, San Jose scale on Keffer pear, Jan: 28; A. G. Wheeler jr, New York city. Same, on pear, Mar. 10, F. E. Goewey, East Greenbush, N. Y. Same, young on apple, Apr. 28, William H. Hart, Arlington, N. Y. Same, young, May 15, H. A. Van Fredenberg, Port Jervis, N. Y. Same, female on plum and apple, May 21, E. C. and F. M. Brooks, Athens, N. Y. Same, females on apple, May 26, J. A. Otterson, Maynard, Mass. Same, on osage orange, June 28, W. K. Post, Bayport, L. I., N. Y. Same, adults and young on pear, July 16, Alex- ander Sitcer, Valatie, N. Y. Same, adults and young on plum, July 25, Samuel T. Maynard, Northboro, Mass. Same, young and adults on apple, REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 83 July 31, Henry Gorman, Huntington, N. Y. Same, young and adults on currant, Aug. 2, Mrs H. A. Sterling, Scotia, N. Y. Same, adults and young on pear, Aug. 4, A. V. Boak, Middletown, N. Y. Same, on cur- rant, Aug. 13, M. S. Wheeler, Berlin, Mass. Same, young and adults on crab apple, Oct. 3, I. Osgood Carleton, Yonkers, N. Y. A. hederae Vallot, white ivy scale, adults and young on ivy, Oct. 5, Henry G. Dorr, Boston, Mass. Same, Apr. 21, B. D. Van Buren, Lock- POL Ne Yi A.ancylus Putn., adult on apple, Jan. 15, Reuben Moore, Chatham, ING Ye Hemichionaspis minor? Mask., on orange from Japan, Dec. 18, J. R. Anderson, Victoria, B. C. : Aulacaspis rosae Bouché, rose scale on rose, Apr. 3, Fred Bostwick, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Same, on blackberry, Aug. 13, M. S. Wheeler, Berlin, Mass. Diaspis carueli Targ., juniper scale, adult.-on Pinus aris- tte dnd yunipertnus virginiana, Apr 16; John Dunbar, Rochester, N. Y. Chionaspis pinifoliae Fitch, scurfy pine scale on Scotch pine needles, Jan. 10, Robert L. Stevens, Westbury, L. I., N. Y. EBulecanium tulipiferae Cook, tulip tree scale, adult on tulip, July 27, Herbert Mead, Lake Waccabuc, N. Y. Same, young and adults on tulip, Sept. 17, Miss F. E. Fellows, Norwich, Ct. E. nigrofasciatum Perg., black-banded scale on maple, Sept. 13, T. F. Niles, Chatham, N. Y. Cocemsadiwer si pies Ckily on) tenn, Sept. 275 a. D: A. Cockerell: ibucena, P= I. Pseudophilippia quaintancii CklIl., woolly pine scale, adults on pitch pine, Nov. 20, H. A. Van Fredenberg, Port Jervis, N. Y. Riva hla in nim en ab ilis sativa, “cottony, maple) scales adults and young on Virginia creeper, July 3, Charles M. Pierce, Adams, INSeYe Phenacoccus acericola King, false maple scale, adults and young on maple, July 24, New York Farmer (H. A. Van Fredenberg) Port Jervis, N. Y. Same, larvae on maple, Sept. 18, Edward F. Stud- well, Port Chester, N. Y. Orthoptera Oecanthus niveus DeG,, white flower cricket, eggs on grape, Apr. 30, F. A. Morehouse, Ripley, N. Y. Gimttotahpa borealis Butm., mole-ccricket, adult, Oct: 8 William Williams, Milton, N. Y. Diapheromera femorata Say, walking stick, adult, Oct. 12, George L. Richards, Altamont, N. Y. Periplaneta attstralasiae FKabr.,, Australian cockroach, nymph, June 7, Tilden Palmatier, Athens, N. Y. Thysanura Thermobia furnorum Prov., fish moth, adult in woolen cloth, July 11, C. E. Eldredge, Leon, N. Y. 84 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Miscellaneous A considerable number of insects of different orders were deter- mined for Mr Charles Alexander of Gloversville, N. Y., and some of the more desirable ones retained for the State collection. They are as follows: Carabus serratus Say Dermestes frischii Kug. Bembidium ustulatum Linn. Alaus myops Fab. Agabus seriatus Say Anthaxia aeneogaster Lap. Necrophorus americanus Oliv. Calloides nobilis Say Choleva terminans Lec. Tylonotus bimaculatus Hald. Philonthus umbrinus Grav. Stephanocleonus plumbeus Lec. Lathrobium punctulatum Lec. Atymna castanea Fitch Tachinus memnonius Grav. Neuronia pardalis Walk. Tachinus luridus Er. EXCHANGE From E. 8S. Tucker, Lawrence, Kan., in exchange for pub- lications: Ophion idoneum. Vier, Bracon” Soa ng hors tmega Cr Melaniobracom wim itcola Ww Vier, “Alc atts wauen sagrs Cr, Calyptus rotumdiuee ps Cr. ep maemo dolosa Vier,Nemigonia limosa Wheel, Lasius niger Linn, var.americanus Emery, Pelecinus polyturato: Dra Pompirlas welatinus Fox. lisod.ontia pam wee Sduss:, Dachytes spatulatws ~ Box; i. obis'cum mise Gis Sphecius speciosus Dru, Euspongus bipunmetarcas say, Mellinus ritinedus Crs Mimesa piace hate hoxs Stigmus Inordinmatius- Hox, Epeolus occidentalnes Cre Clisodon termaswalas (Cr Staphylinus maculoswms (Grav. Ro ma leuiiesacor mariwm Drm, Myochrous dienticollus sSay ah ome cus ge randireollis Eich: Catocala junetina Walk. var. aspasia Strk. Ceratopogon squamipes Coq, Scatopse notata Loew., Allognosta fuscitarsis Say, Pa bance cle cifrons Macq, Xylomyia pallipes Loew., Deromyia ternata Loew. Erax stamineds Wall) culo porcm aims sipho Say, Dolichopws™ bit pact aseeleoen 1) merce prinus Wied, D. longipennis Loew, Empis clausa Coq, Rhamphomyia nasoni Coq, Eupeodes volu- efis ©. S. Allograpta obliquay Saye Onc omaonta loraria Loew, Myiophasia aenea Wied, Siphopla- REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 85 miaeanomabka Lown,’ Blepharipeza leucophrys Macd. Paradedyma“singularis..Town., Myiocera Breomides Wik, Sarcophaga helicis Town. Morellia macams Macq. Limnophord narona’ Walk. Phorbia ~cinerella Fall, Coenosia lata Walk, Schoenomyza dorsalis Loew., Scatophaga furcata Say, Borborus equiaws Fall Lonchaea polita Say, Pachycerina dolorcesay Will Psenudotephritis cribrum Loew, Srtaussig-loncipennis Wied, Urellia actinobola Eoew., Calobata antennipes Say, Nemopoda mi- mua Wied, Hlachiptera costata Loew., Oscinis ¢ox- enndise Pitch, Drosophila ¢graminum Fall, Phormia regina Meig. Gortmmelacna nitiduloides Wolff. Melanaethus @iumberieson, Oebalus pugcnax Fabr, Menecles i1n- Semrus cay, Catorhintha.mendica Stal. ,Anasa ar - muccra oay, Ladrodema pulverulenta Uhl, Tyeus estamos. Nabis-rafasoulus: Reus, Sitea-tap- Pom stal A callia g-punetata Prov. Deltocepha— itis aneksmetmeri Fabr.> Dicraneura, abnormuias Walch, “Oncometopia costalis Fabr:, Orthoty lms flavosparsus Dhlb. Pemerobits stigmaterias. Fitch, Chrysopa nvee Goconmis Burm, €. ilotabunda Fitch, Hydropsyche omcemsis Bks.-H. phalerata*Has, H. scalaris Hae: SEylopysa orréentalis Linn. Myiipetrim corruptum Hag. Chrysididae from A. Mocsary, Budapest, Hungary: Chepies pallipes Lep, Notozus panzera Fabr, Etampins auratus Linn, EY auratus var, virescens Mocs., E. bogdanovii Rad, E. aeneus Fabr.. Holopyga guoe aula 'Dhib., H. amoénula var. punctatissima Diibe HH: ahenea Dhib., H. curvata Forst, H. gloriosa bape wechitys.onota--Forst., Hi. rosea .Rossi;, Eedy- Gin me oerstaecker i Cheve., A: no bile Scopy Hy 11 e1- lans Dhib., Stilbum cyanurum Forst. var.amethysti- wom. Chrysogona pumila RI, Spintharis vagans RatemOummy sis: austriaca abr. C. cuprea cRossi ©. daehmoa Dhib., C: elerzans Lep, CC. versicolor Spin, Gesaussimrei Cheve,.C. succineta Linn, C. lbeachii Sick we scyanea Linn; C: nitidula Fabr, Ceviridiula 86 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Emin Com iomitay seuinne = Csi 7s pl eurdad utlar minossi mer Pivtelanms Olive. seme! laras uk, . C= —sicu tel Meaemes Vato sea wader: Mocsw) Chartmeqialis Dhiba Ca com pasta ba. Leps C-~ chil ots, Mocs. 0G. lyame 6a shinai paar away Mocs s1C. sex dentata: Christ, ©. (Ghiaichirioetns) Purpiratus Fe Garnopes erandior Vall, (carne x Rossi). Culicidae received in exchange for publications Jan. 30, 1906, from Ebb. Crum, Lawrence, Kan.: AEH Op he hes Vim acw lnplen mise = Meigs # Weis ono pilose CHliatan Abi yours Wlatvas ul: cctml exe sive tt tiseeibeos Chex res timams bheo! G. stemnitagms Walk Geet an cia Kus Cog. Co saliniarins:) Coqe (Gia blvamaa=d tsicioslom Cogs. “Gay jamareenisits, Mheon Cumlacad a ea madiemrsues Theo. Diptera from Dr C. Kertesz, Hungary, Jan. 11, 1906: Mabatiits bet o1e.s pa mus tos le snidve takes ee lleepas ies spodopteriws Meters ior ws tres abies i sq ialatchom MO; ata sy Meise Mle Sonal eiciise slr eesti delayetiis Meig., TT. trop reusilinn.. iy br omits icin. ai Diows aiiismlecaneasie autuim malts Linn aus 1p ilise Meio evar ake i cannicSe Revatcacus Meg: Culex domsalis, Meise €y yer Meio, C2 cantans Meio.) Ca orn atars iMcicya@ ep ulead tarsiseRond.; ©) mo die sit ist MiclenG. pul pve mesw lean Crmncenle nw li pes Meies “Ave dies) hernier eis Melee” yam openie lies imac Ula prem ts letor Tachinidae from Mario Bezzi, Italy, Nov. 27, 1905: Meigenia bisignata Meig., Dexodes machaerop- Sscks] DS Liemimasicena Hert te tne de vMiciowbaae oso rista polychaeta, Blephanida wealeach Pallevar stridens “Bd Perichaectay mime olhonestall sini tare praeceps Scop, Melanota: vol uiliws (abr Arata Ccomyia melanoptiera Palla iM arcdiiasstias ica Go nota Meic., M. dispar Pall) DT helaita fenucozo naseanze Lophomy ia, teniu lay 77 - Sedge, Mycodiplosis 128°. septendecim, Tibicen, 61°-65', 68°. serrata, Haematobia, 66°, 67’. setosa, Dasyneura, 115’. Shad bush, Campylomyza pomiflorae on, 99. Shade tree insects, 54°-58’. Shade tree problem, 40°, 77°. Sheep bot fly, 70’. Silver fish, 65°. Sirrine, F. A., mentioned, €4°. Skunk cabbage, Porricondyla altifla OnyetAy- Slug caterpillar, oriental, 47°. Smith, H. D., mentioned, 63”. Snapdragon, Lasioptera impatienti- folia on, 106°. sobrina, Asphondylia, 158’. solani, Choristoneura, 164°. Solanum carclinense, Choristoneura solani on, 1€4°. solidaginis, Catocha, 102. Winnertzia, 149’. Solidago, Asphondylia on, 118’. Catccha solidaginis on, 102°. Cecidomyia rugosa on, I41. triangularis on, 138’. Choristoneura abnormis on, I10°. albomaculata on, If1’. convoluta on, 110’. Dasyneura carbonaria on, I17’. Lasioptera hamata on, 107’. Oligotrophus brevicornis on, 122%. Rhopalomyia arcuata on, 159’. fusiformis on, 120°. Solidago canadensis, Cecidomyia car- olinae on, 130’. Rhopalomyia racemicola on, 121°. Solidago rugosa, Lasioptera rosea on, 153. Lasioptera rubra on, 103°. caricis on, fulvopedalis INDEX TO REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1906 Solidago rugosa (continued) Lasioptera tuberculata on, 104°. Rhopalomyia thompsoni on, 159°. Soluble oils, 51°, 70°, 72*. speciosus, Plagionotus, 54°-55", 72°. Sphenoephorus sp., 75°. Spiny elm caterpillar, 56’. spiraeina, Catocha, 102°. Spirea, Catocha spiraeina on, 102”. Spittle insects, 777. Spraying calendar, 71°. Spruce, Campylomyza gibbosa_ on, 100’. Dasyneura borealis on, 117’. denticulata on, 117°. Porricondyla borealis on, 147°. Rhabdophaga borealis on, 114’. Spruce, white, Dasyneura canaden- sis on, 157°. spumaria, Philaenus, 77’. spuria, Gossyparia, 58". Squash beetle, striped, 66”. Squash borer, 76°. Squash bug, 67°. Stalk borer, 75°. Steely flea beetle, 52°-53°. Stone flies, 41°. Strawberry, Cecidomyia fragariae on, nash Striped cucumber beetles, 67*, 73°, 70;.° 70. . strobi, Pissodes, 58°-50°. subspinosus, Macrodactylus, see Macrodactylus subspinosus. subtruncata, Cecidomyia, 140°. Suffolk county, summary of volun- tary reports from 68’. Sugar maple borer, 54°-55". Sumac, Oligotrophus rhoinus on, 123°. Sweet-fern, Oligotrophus asplenifolia on, 160°. Rhompalomyia arcuata on, 159°. sylvestris, Campylomyza, 97°. Catocha, 102”. Cecidomyia, 143’. Porricondyla, 146°. Tabanus lineola, 77°. Tachina flies, 43°. 185 Tent caterpillars, 66*, 67°, 68%, 68", 70°, 72°. textor, Hyphantria, see Hyphantria textor. thalactri, Oligotrophus, 123%. Thermobia furnorum, 66°. thompsoni, Rhopalomyia, 159°. Thyridopteryx ephemeraeformis, 717, Gir eN Thysania zenobia, 30°, 45°. Thysanura, contributions of, 83°. Tibicen septendecim, 61°-65', 68°. Tick trefoil, Lasioptera desmodii on, 107%. tilaceus, Oligotrophus, 121°-22”. tiliae, Contarinia, 161°. Tmetocera ocellana, 66°, 70°. Touch-me-not, Lasioptera impatienti- folia on, 106°. toxicodendri, Campylomyza, 08". Cecidomyia, 137°. transversa, Asphondylia, 118’. triangularis, Cecidomyia, 138°. Trichoptera, 41°; exchange list, 96’. tridentata, Saperda, 72°. trifolii, Contarinia, 131°-32°. Porricondyla, 145’. tristis, Anasa, 67°. trivittatus, Leptocoris, 70’. truncata, Hormomyia, 160°-61°. tsugae, Campylomyza, Io1*. Cecidomyia, 139’. Mycodiplosis, 130°-31. Oligotrophus, 123°. tuberculata, Lasioptera, 103°-4°. Tulip tree, Choristoneura liriodendri on, II0. Tulip tree scale, 76°. tulipiferae, Eulecanium, 76°. Tussock moth, hickory, 50°. white, marked, 40°, 557-56", 72°, 73°> 747, 74°, 75°, 76°, 77°; special bul- letin, 40°. ulmi, Lepidosaphes, see Lepidosaphes ulmi. unipuncta, Heliophila, 77’. urticae, Cecidomyia, 136°. Van Duzee, E. P., cited, 60°, 70°. viburni, Contarinia, 132°. 186 viburni, Lasioptera, 104°. Mycodiplosis, 130°. Viburnum lentago, Mycodiplosis vi- burni on, 130°. Violet gall midge, 42°, 59°-61°. violicola, Contarinia, 59°-61°. Virginia creeper, Porricondyla ampe- lophila on, 144°. virginica, Dasyneura, II5°. viridifasciata, Chortophaga, 68°. viteana, Polychrosis, 73°. Viticidanshidian So: 273 a7 ace sg7 a vitinea, Campylomyza, 98°. Lasioptera, 153°. vittata, Diabrotica, 66°, 677, 737, 76, 76°. Voluntary entomologic service of New York State, 44°, 65°-68*, 73’, EL Se eae vulgivagellus, Crambus, 74°, 77’. Walnut, black, black walnut worm injuring, 50°, 67°. Walsh, cited, 62*. Warble flies, 70%. Warren county, summary of volun- tary reports from, 68%. Wasps, parasitic, 43°. Water beech, Oligotrophus nodosus On, 123%. Webworms, 77’. alle s572 OO Of OPEN ena grass, 74°. West Indian peach scale, 70°. Westchester county, summary of vol- untary reports from, 68”. NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM Whale oil soap, 49°, 57°-58': Wheat midge, 41’. Wheat sawfly, 68’. White flower cricket, 53°. White marked tussock moth, 40°, 557- SO 2 ab 13 7A sei oo, TO Sk ae special bulletin, 40°. hite pine weevil, 58°-59°. Willow, injurious insects: oriental slug caterpillar, 48*. spiny elm caterpillar, 56’. Willow borer, mottled, 72°. Winnertzia calciequina, 161°. carpini, 148°-49’. furcata, 148°. solidaginis, 149°. Witch-hazel, Asphondylia on, I19Q°. Bremia hamamelidis on, 125°. Choristoneura hamamelidis on, 102% Dasyneura hamamelidis on, 117°. virginica on, II5°. Witch-hazel cone gall, 59°. Wood lice, 69°. Wooly maple leaf aphid, 77°. Wyoming county, summary of vol- untary reports from, 68". multifila Yellow-necked appletree caterpillar, 45°, 67°. Young, D. Ba work of, 42°,43,, 43°. zenobia, Thysania, 30°, 45. Zeuzera pyrina, 72”. New York State Education Department New York State Museum JouN M. Crarke, Director PUBLICATIONS Packages will be sent prepaid except when distance or weight renders the Same impracticable. On to or more copies of any one publication 20% discount will be given. Editions printed are only large enough to meet special claims and probable sales. Waoen the sale copies are exhausted, the price for the few reserve copies is advanced to that charged by second- hand booksellers, in order to limit their distribution to cases of special need. Such prices are inclosed in [{]. All publications are in paper covers, unless binding is specified. Museum annual reports 1847-date. Allin print to 1802, 50c a volume, 75c in cloth, 1892—date, 75c, cloth. These reports are made up of the reports of the Director, Geologist, Paleontologist, Botanist and Entomologist, and museum bulletins and memoirs, issued as advance sections of the reports. Director’s annual reports 1904-date. These reports cover the reports of the State Geologist and of the State Paleontologist. Bound also with the museum reports of which they form a part. Report for 1904. 138p.20c. Report for 1905. 1102p. 23pl. 30c. Geologist’s annual reports 1881—date. Rep’ts 1, 3-13, 17—-date, O; 2, 14-16, Q. In 1898 the paleontologic work of the State was made distinct from the geologic and was reported separately from 1899-1903. The two departments were reunited in 1904, and are now reported in the Director’s report. The annual reports of the original Natural History Survey, 1837-41, are out of print. Reports 1-4, 1881-84, were published only in separate form. Of the 5th report 4 pages Were reprinted in the 30th museum report, and a supplement to the 6th report was included in the 40th museum report. The 7th and subsequent reports are included in the 41st and following museum reports except that certain lithographic plates in the r1th report (1891) and 13th (1893) are omitted from the 45th and 47th museum reports. Separate volumes of the following only are available. Report Price — Report Price Report Price 12 (1892) $.50 17 $.75 21 $.40 14 aS 18 75 22 .40 I5, 2v- 2 19 .40 23 .45 16 I 20 .59° [See Director's annual reports] Paleontologist’s annual reports 1899-—date. See first note under Geologist’s annual reports. Bound also with museum reports of which they form a part. Reports for 1899 and 1900 may be had for 20c each. Those for 1901-3 were issued as bulletins. In 1904 combined with the Director’s report. Entomologist’s annual reports on the injurious and other insects of the State of New York 1882-date. ; Reports 3—20 bound also with museum reports 40-46, 48-58 of which they form a part. Since 1898 these reports have been issued as bulletins. Reports 3-4, 17 are out of print, other reports with prices are: Report Price Report Price Report Price I $.50 Io $.35 16 (En ro) $.25 2 <5) Ir aos rep (ee pe cre: 5 125 12 125 rm (> 47). 20 6 .rS 13 aCe) DOs. 2h). Las 7 20 14 (Er 5) .20 20 (° 24) -40 8 -25 Mone WO) ie LS 2m (eens 20)) 25 9 BG 2B! (OBO)! 25 Reports 2, 8-12 may also be obtained bound separately in cloth at 25c in addition to the Price given above. Botanist’s annual reports 1867-—date. Bound also with museum reports 21—date of which they form a part; the first Botanist’s report appeared in the 21st museum report and is numbered 21. Reports 21-24, 29, 31-41 were not pubiished separately. ; Separate reports for 1871-74, 1876, 1888-96 and 1898 (Botany 3) are out of print. Report for 1897 may be had for 4oc; 1899 for 20c; 1900 for soc. Since rgor these reports have been issued as bulletins [see Bo 5-9]. ; y Descriptions and illustrations of edible, poisonous and unwholesome fungi of New York have also been published in volumes 1 and 3 of the 48th (1894) museum report and in volume 1 of the 49th (1895), sxst:(1897), 52d (1898), 54th (1900), 55th (rg0rt), 56th (1902), 57th (1903) and 58th (1904) reports. The descriptions and illustrations of edible and unwhole- some species contained in the 49th, s1st and 52d reports have been revised and rearranged, and, combined with others more recently prepared, constitute Museum memoir 4. NEW YORK STATE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Museum bulletins 1887—-date. O. To advance subscribers, $2 a year or $1 a year for division (1) geology, economic geology, paleontology, mineralogy; soc each for divisions (2) general zoology, archeology and miscellaneous, (3) botany, (4) entomology. Bulletins are also found with the annual reports of the museum as follows: Bulletin Report Bulletin Report Bulletin Report Bulletin Report G i 48, V.1 Pa 2,3 54.) vies En 11 Vly ea} Ars eagnio 2 Rite Woe 4 Be Wen A Ora) oe vA 4 Bs iam 3 edd wean 5,6 Bp wo. I4 i Ane 5 Cave 4 54,V.4 79 56; Vv. 2 Bors) 950,043 6 GS Meek 5 HOR aia de) iG a & 19 yf fontn ioierd Gf 50, Vea 6 OT ont Wh 3 a VERE 20 ee 8 57, V.2 Eg 5,6 48,v.1 4 rl Neat 21 ae OA Sao oe 9 2 Wiew 7 Oy iho oe SH see dye 22 ee Abpea Msi x, 2) 56, vod 8 Gicin Aiea 8 SS i e-ak 186) 33 5 Niet 9 54, V2 9 BOM Vins 4 53m Vek Memoir Io Pe nifek be) Bikey Wo it 5 Gigq wo 2 49, V.3 II Oy Wend Enis 48, V.1 6 56, V.4 Bal 53,V.2 M 2 a Bat 4-6 52, v..1 7 57, v2 5 6 ih ava} 3 als eos 7-9 Beh saat Ar 1 Re, Wo 4 Gap ige ye IRB, SADE Vicar Io RAN sViete 2 Vv The figures in parenthesis in the following list indicate ee bulletin’s number as a New York State Museum bulletin. Geology. Gr (14) Kem), J. F. Geology of Moriah and Westport Town- ships, Essex Co. N. Y., with notes on the iron mines. 38p. 7pl. 2 maps. Sepa LOOSH LOGs G2 (19) Merrill, F. J. H. Guide to the Study of the Geological Collections of the New York State Museum. 1162p. r19pl. man. Nov. 1898 [5oc] G3 (21) Kemp, J. F. Geology of the Lake Placid Region. 4p. rpl. map. Sep. 1898. 5c. G4 (48) Woodworth, J. B. Pleistocene Geology of Nassau County and Borough of Queens! 58p.il. opl: map. Dec. 1901. 25¢. Gs (55) Merrill, F. J. H. Description of the State Geologic Map of roor. A2Dy 2. imaps, tab. (Oct. 19925 106: G6 (77) Cushing, H. P. Geology of the Vicinity of Little Falls, Herkimer SO, O30. ill, xgpoll, | maejos, JJzim, WOVOR, ROG G7 (33) Woodworth, J. B. Pleistocene Geology of the Mooers Quadrangle. O29, Qzole ianzyo, |fishals maya, Awe: G8 (84) —— Ancient Water Levels of the Champlain and Hudson Valleys. ZOO ps Tipe maps, sn ulynooga m4 5G: Gg (93) Cushing, H. P. Geology of the Northern Adirondack Region. L6Sp. I5pl 3 maps. Sep. 1905. | 406. Gio (95) Ogilvie, I. H. Geology of the Paradox Lake Quadrangle. 5,p. ll, 1770 any, IDES, welely, ele. Gir (109) Fairchild, H. L. Glacial Waters in the Erie Basin. &8p. 14pl. OQ) anos, INE, WOS%o AES G12 (107) Woodworth, J. B.; Hartnagel, C. A.; Whitlock, H. P.; Hudson, G, Hu; Clarke; J.-M: Wihite; Daxid= Berkey, (©. P= Geologrealy Papers. 388p. s6pl. map. May 1907. 9goc, cloth. Contents: Woodworth, J. B. Postelacial Faults of Eastern New York. Hartnagel, C. A. Stratigraphic Relations of the Oneida Conglomerate. —— Upper Siluric and Lower Devonic Formations of the Skunnemunk Mountain Region. Whitlock, H. P. Minerals from Lyon Mountain, Clinton Co. Hudson, G. H. On Some Pelmatozoa from the Chazy Limestone of New York. Clarke, J. M. Some New Devoniec Fossils. —— An Interesting Style of Sand-filled Vein. —— Eurypterus Shales of the Shawangunk Mountains in Eastern New York. White, David. A Remarkable Fossil Tree Trunk from the Middle Devonie of New York. Berkey, C. P. Structural and Stratigraphic Features of the Basal Gneisses of the Highlands. Fairchild, H. L. Drumlins of New York. In press. Later Glacial Waters in Central New York. Prepared. Cushing, H. P. Geology of the Theresa Quadrangle. In preparation. Geology of the Long Lake Quadrangle. Jn press. Berkey, C. P. Geology of the Highlands of the Hudson. In preparation. Economic geology. Eg1 (3) Smock, J. C. Building Stone in the State of New York. i52p. Mar. 1888. Out of print. . Eg2 (7) First Report on the Iron Mines and Iron Ore Districts in the State of New York. 6+70p. map. June 1889. Out of print. Eg3 (10) Building Stone in New York. 210p. map, tab. Sep. 1890. 4oc. MUSEUM PUBLICATIONS Eg4 (11) Merrill, F. J. H. Salt and Gypsum Industries of New York. 92D, = Ps Ripa gatas bas Ap. 1893. [5o0c] 5 Se (io ies, Heinrich. Clay Industries of New York. 1 Mar. 1895. 306. y ey Tala Eg6 (15) Merrill, F. J. H. Mineral Resources of New York. 224p 2maps. Seo. 1895. [soc] é Eg7 (17) Road Materials and Road Building in New York. 52p. 14pl Biaps34%45,,08x92°em. Oct. 1897.. 15¢. ; Eg8 (30) Orton, Edward. Petroleum and Natural Gas in New York. 1360p iwednaps: “Novi 1899. 15¢: ; Egg (35) Ries, Heinrich. Clays of New York; their Properties and Uses, 456p. 140pl. map. June tooo. $1, cloth. Ezio (44) —— lime and Cement Industries of New York: Eckel, E. C, es on the Cement Industry. 332p. rorpl. 2 maps. Dee. 1901, 85¢, cloth. Egir1 (51) Dickinson, H. T. Quarries of Bluestone and other Sandstones in New York. ro8p. 18pl.2 maps. Mar. 1903. 350¢. Egi2 (85) Rafter, G. W. Hydrology of New York State. goap. il. a4pl, 5 maps. May 1905. $1.50, cloth. Ezg13 (93) Newland, D. H. Mining and Quarry Industry of New York, Top nye UOOS: me i5G: ; Ez14 (100) McCourt, W. E. Fire Tests of Some New York Building stones. 4op: 26pl. Feb. 1906. 15>. E215 (102) Newland, D. H. Mining and Quarry Industry of New York, 2d Report. 162p. June 1906. 25c. ; ; Newland, D. H. & Hartnagel, C. A. The Sandstones of New York. I preparation. Mineralozy. Mz (4) Nason, F. lL. Some New York Minerals and tneir Localities. 20p.ipl. Aug. 1888: [roe] M2 (53) Whitlock, H. P. Guide to the Mineralogic Collections of the New York State Museum. sop. il. 39pl. 11 models. Sep. 1902. oe. M3 (70) New York Minerai Localities. 1rop. Sen. 1903. 200. M4 (93) Contributions from the Mineralogic Laboratory. 38p. 7pl. DES RTOOSs. | L5G: ; Paleoatolozy. Par (34) Cumings, E. R. Lower Silurian System of East- ern Montgomery County; Prosser, C. S. Notes on the Stratigraphy of Mohawk Valley and Saratoga County, N. Y. 74p. ropl. map. May NGCO., 156. Pa2 (39) Clarke, J. M.; Simpson, G. B. & Loomis, F. B. Paleontologic Papers. “yop. il. ro-pl.. ‘Oct: r900.. . 156: Contents: Clarke, J. M. A Remarkable Occurrence of Orthoceras in the Oneonta Beds of the Chenango Valley, N. 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