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LIBRARY
INTRODUCTION.
INTENDING visitors to any new locality are ever anxious to learn
beforehand what attractions it has to offer. From such an
inquiry Rochester need not shrink. The problems presented by
its Geological structure, the variety and extent of its Flora and
Fauna, the beauty of its scenery, its great antiquarian wealth, and its
many historical and literary associations offer to the intelligent visitor,
whether here for a day, a week, a month, or as an intending resident,
so many points of interest that its claims upon his attention cannot
easily be surpassed by any other town in Britain.
Its historical and antiquarian side has been well dealt with by
Mr. Geo. Payne, F.S.A.. Mr. Edwin Harris, and others, but little or
nothing has hitherto been done to press its special claims to notice
as a grand field for investigation by the general lover or more ardent
student of nature.
To meet this want this simple " Sketch-Guide " has been compiled
for the Corporation of the City with the view of giving the enquiring
visitor a working key by which to gauge the great natural riches
of our District.
The compilation of a Sketch-Guide of the extent and character
here presented has only been rendered possible through the individual
and combined labours of members of the " Rochester Naturalists'
Club," who from time to time communicated the results of their
researches to the pages of the Club's Quarterly record, The Rochester
Naturalist, in the form of General Articles and Notes, or as Lists
of Species found, with dates, localities, etc.
Very complete lists were thus supplied by :
Chaney, H. - - - Moths and Butterflies (Macro- Lepidoptera).
Fielding, Rev. C. H. Fresh- Water Fishes.
Hepworth, J. - - - Flowering Plants (Phanerogams), etc.
Sikes, H. F., M.A. - Land and Fresh-Water Shells.
Walker, J. J.. R.N. - Beetles (Coleoptera).
These valuable lists, with slight alterations and curtailments, are
here reproduced. The remaining sections have been mainly compiled
from Articles in the .^.A^. by Lord Clifton, Rev. C. H. Fielding, M.A..
R. Green, G. Payne, F.S.A , C. Bird, B.A.. F.G.S., G. E. Dibley,
A. Hood, etc., and from Standard Works on Geology, etc.
J. HEPWORTH.
Christmas, 1912.
BOTA
Geology of Rochester District.
IN any serious attempt to obtain an intelligent knowledge and
understanding of the characteristic peculiarities of any district the
first and most important step must be a more or less close study
of its geological structure, which is the chief determining factor in its
Scenery, Meteorology, Flora and Fauna. To facilitate such study the
following Geological Sketch, largely drawn from The Geology of the
Thames Basin (Whitaker), has been prepared, showing the various
strata occurring in our District, and indicating places where they may
be seen and studied.
Though so limited in area, our District includes a wide range
of surface rocks, representative of the various geological formations
extending from the Lower Greensand (Secondary or Mesozoic Period)
to the Lower Eocene (Tertiary or Cainozoic Period), with local patches
of High and Low Level Gravels and Alluvium (Recent). The surface
soil, resulting in the main from the disintegration of the very varied
underlying rocks, is of course itself also very varied, and as plants
have been gradually modified in such a manner as to fit them severally
for life in certain kinds of soil and situation in preference to others, the
number of species inhabiting the District will be proportionally very
large and varied. The effect of varied rock-surfaces on the number
of species and their distribution is well shown by the following table
from Brewer's Flora of Surrey.'^ I am not aware that such a table has
been drawn up for Kent, but as like causes produce like results we
may safely take this as a fair guide to the mode of distribution of the
Flora of Kent.
The number of species recorded as having been found in the county (Surrey) 984
occurring on all formations (j.^., common to all) .. 117
supposed to be confined to the Valley Alluvium .. 7
,, ,, Superficial Gravels .. 19
,, ,, Bagshot Sands .. .. 9
,, ,, London Clay .. .. 14
,, ,, Woolwich & Reading Beds 2
,, ,, Thanet Sand .. .. o
Chalk 55
,, ,, Upper Greensand & Gault 5
,, ,, Lower Greensand .. .. 28
,, ,, Weald Clay & Hastings Beds o
"Quoted by Whitaker in The London Basiti.
The far-reaching eflfect of this variety of surface will be more
clearly apparent if we note what would be the extent of change
supposing the superficial Gravels, the London Clay, the Chalk, and the
Lower Greensand to be wanting in Surrey. Granting the table to be
correct the number of absent species would be 19+14+55 + 28=116,
i.e., 11-8%.
The relative positions, in asce?iding order, of the various geological
strata of our District may be thus tabulated for convenience of
reference : —
Secondary Period.
Cretaceous
Tertiary Period.
Eocene (Lower)
Pleistocene.
Recent Period.
Lower
Upper
Wealden.
Lower Greensand.
Gault.
Upper Greensand.
Chalk.
Thanet Beds.
Woolwich and Reading Beds.
Oldhaven Beds.
London Clay.
High-Level Gravels.
Low-Level Gravels.
Alluvium.
Secondary Rocks.
Weald Clay. — There is a narrow tongue-like strip at the base of
the gorge cut by the Medway through the Greensand, extending from
the main body to a point below West Farleigh ; at Maidstone only
covered by 7 or 8 feet of river gravel.
Atherfield Clay. — A still narrower strip included between the
Weald Cla)' and the Alluvium-bordered river. It rises from below,
and follows the sinuosities of the Greensand escarpment, of which it
is the basal member. The rapidity with which this clay yields to sub-
aerial denudation, as compared with the resistant nature of the
overlying rocks, is the cause of the steep Greensand escarpment.
Lower Greensand. — This crops out from below the gault at the foot
of the great chalk escarpment, and stretches away south for some five
or six miles, rising gradually and terminating with the escarpment
above mentioned, upon the edge of which are grandly situated a series
of villages, as Linton, Chart Sutton, Sutton Valence, Boughton, etc.,
whence magnificent views can be enjoyed of the fine country beyond.
Good sections may be seen at Maidstone, Loose, Boughton, etc.
Gault. — Mostly consists of a stiff blue clay. It forms a belt of
about an average width of three-quarters of a mile, rising from below
and running half parallel to the chalk escarpment, which owes its
steepness to the ease with which the clay is denuded,
at Burham, Aylesford, etc.
May be studied
Chalk. — This is lithologically divisible into (from below upward).
(i). Chalk Marl.
(2). Grey Chalk. Seen in pits at Wouldham, near Kit Coty House,
Cliffe, Upper and Lower Hailing, etc.
(3). Lower White Chalk, without flints or with a few scattered ones
only. Seen in chalk quarries : Trechmann's, Whorne's Place,
220ft. exposed, showing Lower and Upper Chalk, with visible
junction ; pits near Kit Coty House ; above Boxley, etc. Water-
containing beds.
(4). Upper White Chalk, with flints in tabular or nodular layers.
Sections seen in chalk pits at Luton, Chatham Hill, Whorne's
Place, Borstal, Hailing, above Boxley, etc. Water-collecting
and conducting beds, junctions of Upper and Lower White
Chalk, usually marked by lines of yellowish chalky clay, known
as soap by workmen.
A more useful and scientific division of the chalk beds is into hotizons
or life zones, by reference to the predominating and associated
fossils found characterising different levels of strata. Mr. G. E. Dibley,
a well-known local geologist and a recognised authority upon the
subject, contributed a valuable paper to The Rochester Naturalist
(vol. III., p. 297, ei seq.), from which the following tables have been
compiled : —
List of Life Zones or Horizons as represented in Kent, Sussex,
and Dorset.
(Arranged in ascending order.)
Life Zone.
Chalk Marl
Holaster sub-globosus
Actinocamax plena
Rhynconella cuvieri
Terebratula gracilis
Holaster planus
Micraster cor-testitudinarium
Micraster cor-anguinum
§5^ / Uintacrinus
* S c I Marsupite
Sgg I III f Actinocamax quadratns.
^^ ' ^•S^ \ Belemnitella mucronata.
Kent.
ft.
50
150
10
70
161
34
56
280
68
48
Sussex.
ft.
100
170
34
109
242
28
48
170
Dorset.
100
170
48
109
242
182
No. of Life Zone
on next Table.
12
II
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
I
Sections exposed in Chalk Pits, in which Life Zones may be
seen and studied.
Name by which Pit is
known.
Frindsbury Quarry
Martin & Earle's
Booth & Co.'s (Hailing) . .
Trechmann & Weeks'
(Whorne's Place, Cuxton)
Formby's (Upper Hailing)
Hilton & Anderson's
(Lower Hailing)
Lee's (Holborough) ....
Life Zone.
Blue Bell Hill.
Peters' (Wouldham)
Booth's (Borstal) ..
Borstal Manor
7
7,8
9
9, lo, II
9, ID, II
7.8,9
9, lO, II, 12
9, lo, II
9
Remarks.
Near bottom of highest zone in district.
Cap of recent gravel at the end. Higher
parts of zone at Cliffe and Gravesend.
Bottom of these pits=junction with next
zone. Chalk very hard.
Wholly in this zone. Holaster Planus.
Cut through over 2ooft. Zone 7, hard,
blocky, often greenish. Steam pump
in Zone 9.
Partially.
Upper in Zone g. Lower in Zone 10, and
in Zone 11 150ft. below Zone 10.
North H. in Zone 9. Pits in South H.
Zones 10 and 1 1 . Very nearly at bottom
beds chalk, and at base of chalk
escarpment.
Upper part.
Lower part.
In consequence of a "dip" the Lower
Chalk and Marls are lost.
This has been partially worked out. Two
thin Marl beds are shown in disused
part of pit.
The chalk in our District crops otit from beneath the tertiary
strata and alluvial beds on the south of the Medway and rises rapidl}^
until the picturesque chalk escarpment is reached. From various
elevated points along this ridge magnificent views of the fine, fertile,
and well-wooded greensand country to the south may be enjoyed,
viz., Wrotham Hill (762ft. high). Holly Hill (642ft.', Blue Bell Hill
(627ft.), Boxley Hill about (650ft.), and Deptling Hill (657ft.).
A very fine secondary escarpment overhangs the L,uton valley,
giving grand views of the lovely, characteristic, softly undulating
country lying between it and the Blue Bell ridge.
Tertiary Rocks.
Lower Eoce?ie (in ascending order).
(i) Thanet Beds; (2) Woolwich and Reading Beds; (3) Old-
haven Beds ; (4) London Clay.
(i) Thayiet Sa?ids. — Pale yellow quartzose sands, sometimes with
greenish particles. A marked and constant character of these
beds is the presence of a basal layer of unworn green-coloured
flints of all sizes resting upon the chalk surface.
Sections may be seen at Motley Hill, Lower Rainham, Upnor,
in several sand pits at Shorne, Thong, Cobham, Higham Rail-
way Station (junction with chalk), Mockbeggar, Gillingham,
road cutting from Twydale to the Quay, Bredhurst, etc.
1^2) Woolwich and Reading Beds. — Very variable, plastic clays, sands,
etc. Bottom beds with flint pebbles in a green more or less
clayey sand ; here and there oyster shells. Where resting on
chalk, flints angular and green-coated instead of rolled as above.
Sections or Patches. — High Halstow, Higham, Islingham
(swallow holes), Mockbeggar, Upnor, etc., etc.
(3) Oldhaven Beds. — Consist almost " wholly of perfectl}^ rolled flint-
pebbles in a fine sandy base, or of fine, sharp, light-coloured
quartzose sand." (Whitaker, Geology of the Loyidon Basin).
Sites a7id Sections. — About Upchurch, High Halstow, Cliffe,
Higham, Gravesend, Shorne, Upnor (pits), Newington, etc.,
top of Holly Hill and other chalk hill summits.
(4) Lo?idon Clay.- " Consists of tenacious brown and bluish-grey clays
with layers of septaria." (Whitaker). Basement beds with
" admixture of green and yellowish sands generally mixed with
rounded flint-pebbles, and not infrequently cemented by car-
bonate of lime into semi-concretionary tabular masses." These
flints when tapped with hammer fall to pieces. Beds highly
fossiliferous.
Where seen. — Shorne Wood Thighest ground), Hundred of
Hoo, Cooling, Upnor, Upchurch, Lower Halstow, etc.
N.B. — Upnor. — In large pit at east end of village adjoining
wood the whole series from lyondon Clay to Thanet Sand is
shown.
Pleistocene.
Rivet Drift. — Along the borders of the Medway (and Thames too)
here and there occur patches of gravel, cla}', loam, etc., containing
numerous smooth, rounded pebbles. These are identical in compo-
sition with the bedrocks over which the river has flowed, and through
which it has cut down its bed for 600 or 800ft. If at any point in the
river's counse these pebbles are examined they will be found exactly
to resemble the rocks over which the river flows at that point, or the
rocks higher up, i.e., nearer the river's source. This is important as
showing that they and their containing gravel have been brought
down by the stream and deposited as the current slowed down. Near
these rivers, during long ages of the past, animals living at those times
prowled along their banks in search of prey or browsed the dense
herbage clothing their margins. Death was rampant then as now, and
of numerous bodies left there some were occasionally washed down to
the river by periodic or exceptional floods, dropped down to the
bottom, and subsequently covered with sediment and slowly fossilised.
These remains, from time to time uncovered during the digging of
foundations, etc., present us with vivid pictures of the past. The
High Level or Plateau Gravels were formed when the river flowed
some 600 or 800ft. higher than at present and are much more ancient
10
than the River or Drift Gravels. Man is a tool-making animal, and
the earliest recognised specimens of his hand-work — the Eoliths — are
found in these high level gravels.
The position and thickness of many of these gravel beds have been
revealed to us in the process of deep well boring. From papers com-
municated to the pages of The Rochester Naturalist, by Mr. W.
Whitaker, B.A., F.R.S., etc., etc., on "Well sections in the Rochester
District," supplemented by reference to his Water Supply of Ke7it, the
thickness of river drift at the following places has been obtained :
Sittingbourne (Lloyd's Paper Mill), loft.. Isle of Grain (Rose Court
Farm), 37ft. ; Allhallows, 31ft. ; Hoo Fort, 46ft. ; Rainham (Falcon
Cement Works), 40ft. ; Chatham (Electric VVorks), 14ft. ; Rochester
(Laundry Co.), 25ft. ; Strood (Electric Works). 24ft. ; Borstal (Booth
and Co.), SJft. ; Cuxton (London and Medway Cement Co.), 42ft. ;
Snodland (Crowhurst's), 27ift. ; Aylesford CForstal, close to Medway),
19ft. ; Maidstone, 7 to 8ft.
Recent.
Alluvium. — Mudd}' deposit along the bottom of the river vallej's
varying considerably in breadth and depth. Mud and peat are often
in alternate layers, as at Cliffe, where mud and peat layers succeed
each other thus, 15 m. i p. ; 8 m. 3 p. ; 7 m. 4 p.; total 3Sft. Similar
alternations of mud and peat were passed through in the excavations
for the Dockyard Extension Works on S. Mary's Island. Well borings
have revealed the following thickness of alluvium : — Allhallows, iift. ;
Isle of Grain, 24ft. ; Hoo Fort, 46ft. ; Chatham, iSft. ; Rochester, 22ft.;
Burham, 20ft. ; Greenhithe, 40ft.; Strood (Oil Mills). 42ft.
11
Flora of Rochester District.
(lo Mile Radius).
IN the Flora of Keyit, by Hanbury and Marshall, the number of
species of plants found in the county is given as i,i6o. The
following list of plants found in our limited District includes 783
species, i.e., slightly over f, or 67-5 per cent, of those recorded from
the whole of Kent. Mr. Hanbury, in his gigantic task, secured the
assistance of a large number of botanists selected from every part of
the county. In the introduction to his Flora he gives the names of 105
contributors — and therefore his list may be fairly looked upon as
practically complete. This list is the result almost exclusively of my
own researches, and there is consequently good reason to believe it
may be far from complete and that it may be considerably augmented
later on. As it now stands, however, it is sufficiently extensive to
show that our District is extremely rich in plant life and will amply
repay a more or less prolonged visit by the scientific botanist or the
general lover of wild flowers.
The whole of the plants in this list have passed through my hands,
and have been carefully verified, except some sixty, which, although
never found by me, are given by Hanbury & Marshall as occurring in
our district. These are here indicated by the word " Hanbury "
following them.
Abbreviatio7is. — The month or months mentioned in the description
of each plant give the time of flowering ; thus June-September means
that the plant will be found in bloom in June, July, August, and
September.
The letter " A " means that the plant to which it is attached is an
Annual, i.e., that it grows, flowers, and dies in one year.
The letter " B" means that plant is Biennial, i.e., flowers, seeds, and
dies in the second 5'ear."
The letter " P" means that it is Perennial, i.e., flowers year after year
for a more or less lengthened period.
The "number" given shows the number of divisions in which the
plant is found, out of 112, into which the countr}' has been
botanicallv divided.
BXOGENS.
Ranunculace^.
Clematis vitalba (Old Man's Beard). — General ; hedgerows, climbing
by means of leaf stalk. June. 49.
Thalictrtun fiazmm (Meadow Rue). — Banks of Medway. Along side
raised path between Snodland and New Hythe. Abundant.
June and Jul}'. P., 71.
Anemone nemorosa (Wood Anemone). — Abundant in all our woods,
etc. March to May. P., 108.
Adonis autumnalis (Pheasant's Eye). — Found on Holh' Hill by black
woman, and offered me for sale in the early seventies.
Search has not revealed it to me. May to August. A., 8.
RanunculiLs ci/ri?iat2is.— Ditches, Highani, ClifFe, and Snodland. June,
July. P., 62.
,, fliiitayis. — Ditches, Higham, Cliffe, and Snodland. June, July.
P., 57-
,, drouettn.— T)\\.Q\x&s, Higham, Cliffe, and Snodland, June.
P.. 71.
„ hederaceiis. — On mudd}^ bank of stream, Snodland. June to
August. P. 109.
,, flammula. — Newington, Snodland, etc., in swamp}- ground.
June to August. P., H2.
,, Ii7ig7ta. — Newington, Snodland, etc., in swampy ground.
June to August. P., 85.
,, scelerahis (Scaly-headed R.) — Marshes, Higham, Snodland,
etc. June to October. A., 102.
,, auriconucs (Goldilocks). — In all our woods. Petals very
fugitive. April to Ma3^ P., 89.
,, acris (Crowfoot, Meadow R.) — General. Shunned by cattle.
June and July. P., 112.
,, /'?///^^^?^.y (Bulbous R.) — General. May. P., 106.
,, hirsittus (Hairy R.) — Widely spread, but less abundant. April,
May.
,, pannflorus (Small- flowered R.) — Sparingly in Cookham Woods,
Upnor, Bridgewoods, etc. April, May. A., 59.
„ arve7isis ''Corn R.) — In all our Woods. April, May. P., 69.
,, ficaria (Pilewort, Lesser Celandine). — Generally abundant in
damp situations. April, May. P., 112.
,, r/>^w5 (Creeping R.) — Common everywhere. Ma}' to August.
P. 112.
Caltha palustris (Marsh Marigold, King Cup, etc). — Swampy ground
and damp margins ot streams. March, April. In full
flower in Snodland Marshes July 27th, 1912. P., 112.
Hellebofus fcetidus (Stinking H.) — Sparingly scattered in our woods,
Bridgewood, Boxley, etc. March, April. P., 16.
,, viridis (Green Bear's foot). — Near Sharstead : a probable
escape from gardens. March, April. P., 28.
Myosurus minimus (Mousetail). — Shorne. Cuxton. Miss Wickham
(Hanbury). May. A., 45.
Aqnilegia vulgafis (Columbine). Scattered through our woods ; white
varieties. Not uncommon. May and June. P., 62.
13
BERBERIDACErE.
Berberis vulgaris (Barbery). — Hedges, Northfleet. Dr. J. Mitchell.
(Ha^bur5^) The growth of this shrub should be dis-
couraged near arable land as the host of the -^cidium form
of Piccciyiia grarninis — the rust of wheat. May, June. 86.
Nymph^ace^.
Nymphcea alba (White Water Ivil)0-~Dew (?) pond, hilltop near I^ower
Halstow, Wateriugbur}', Hoo, etc. July. P., 90.
Nuphar lutea (Yellow Water Lily) — Medway, and Ponds, Farleigh,
Yalding, etc. July. P., 93.
Papaverace^E.
Papavcr somnifoiim (Opium Poppy). — Cornfields. General. Jul)''.
A.
,, rhceas (Field Poppy). — Cornfields. General and abundant.
July and August. A., 106.
,, djibiicm (Longheaded Poppy). — Cornfields, etc. June and July.
A.. 105.
,, rtr^^w(7«(f (Pale Poppy) — Cornfields. June and July. A., 88.
,, hybrid^im (Rough Poppy).— Cornfields. June and July. A.,
41.
Meconopsis cayiibrica (Welsh Poppy). — On old wall near Boxley.
Garden escape. May. P., 16.
FUMARIACE^.
Corydalis claviculata (White climbing Fumitory). — Wrotham, etc.
June and July. A., 89.
Fjimaria officinalis (Common Fumitory). — Abundant in Cornfields, etc.
May to September. A., 106.
,, densiflora. — Quite common in this district. May to October.
(Hanbury). A., 43.
,, vaillantii. Near Cuxton. Syine. May to August. (Hanbury).
A., 15.
Crucifek/E.
Cheiranthus cheiri (Common Wallflower). — Old walls, railway cut-
tings. April. May. P.
Nasturtium officinalis (Common Watercress). — Abundant in slow run-
ning streams. June to September. P., 112.
,, sylvestre (Creeping Watercress). — AUington, etc. June to
August. P., 64.
Bat-barea zndgaiis (Winter Cress). — Common ; sides of fields and
woods. May to August. B. (or P. (?)), 102.
Arabis thaliana (Wall Cress). — Generally distributed. April, May,
and September to October. A., 105.
,, hirsuia (^Hairy Bitter Cress). — Bredhurst, Stockbury, etc.
April to August. B. or P. 98.
Cardamine amara (Large Bitter Cress). — Not very common. Ma}' to
June. P., 76.
,, pratensis (Ladies' Smock. Cuckoo Flower). — Abundant in
damp woods and meadows ; very abundant in the Bridge-
wood. April, June. P.. 112.
,, hirsuia (Hairy Bitter Cress). — April to August. A., no.
14
AlyssJim marithnum (Sweet Alyssum).— A few localities ; alien.
August, September. A.
Sisymbyium officinalis (Hedge Mustard).— Common, roadsides, hedge-
rows, etc. June, August. A., iii.
,, rt/Zfarza.— Hedge garlic. Common, hedgerows, etc. June,
August. B., 99
,, sophia (Flixweed).— Waste places, Higham, etc. Abundant.
A., 64.
„ irio (lyondon Rocket). — Frindsbury. Miss Young. Cory's
ground, Rochester. 1.
Draba veryia (Whitlow grass). — Common on banks, walls, etc. March-
May. A., 109.
Cochlcaria officinalis (Scurvy grass). — Marshes. Not common. June-
July. B., 82.
,, anglica ;. English Scurvy Grass). — Not uncommon, damp and
muddy places. June. A. (B. (?)) 49.
,, a'a^/zVa (Danish Scurvy Grass).— May- August. A., 51.
Armoracia ricsticana (Horse Radish).— Fields, Higham, etc. Common.
May. P.
Erysimiun cheiranthoides (Treacle Mustard). — Snodland, Cobham, etc.
(Hanbury). June-October, A., 38.
Brassica 7iapus (Rape).— Borders of fields. May-June. A. or B.
„ nigra (Black Mustard).— Waste places. June - August. A.,
63.
Diplotaxis temiifolia (Rocket).— Waste places, fairly common. July-
September. P., 41.
,, niuralis (Sand Brassica).— Waste places, fairly common.
August-October. A., 54.
Raphaniis raphajiistrum (Wild Radish).— A weed of cultivation, iii.
Sinapis arvensis (Charlock, Wild Mustard).— Too common. June-
August. A., 112.
Ihlaspi ai-vense (Penny Cress).— General on arable land. May-
August. A., 84.
Iberis amara (Bitter Candytuft).— Occasional. Escape from cultiva-
tion. July. A., 14.
Capsella binsa-pasioris (Shepherd's Purse). — Everywhere abundant.
Very variable. March-October. A., 112.
Lepidizim ruderale (Narrow Leaved Cress). — Near marshes and waste
land, very abundant. May. 39.
campestre (Field Cress).— General. Common. June- August.
A. or B., 86.
,, draba (Hoary Cress). — Twydale, etc. May-JUue. P.
smithii (Smith's Cress). Now very common, waste land, etc.
Julv-August. P., 89.
,, latifolhcm (Broad Leaved Cress).— Upnor, etc. July- August.
P. (Hanbury), 19.
Senebiera cororiopus (Wart Cress, Swine Cress). — General ; hardbaked
surfaces. July and September. A., 81.
didyma (Less wart Cress). — Teston. July-September. A.
(Hanbury), 4s.
15
Resedace^.
Reseda Intea (Wild Mignonette). — Abundant throughout district.
June- August. B., 53.
,, luteola (Dyer's Rocket Woad). — Abundant in woods, etc.
July, August. B., 95.
ClSTACE^.
Helianthevmm V2ilgare (Rock Rose). —Abundant on chalk slopes, etc.
July-September. P., 92.
ViOLACE.*;
Viola odorata (Sweet Violet). — Locally distributed. Var Alba not
uncommon. March, April. P., 80.
,. hirta (Hairy Violet). — General ; woods, hedgebanks, etc., pre-
ferring chalk. April, May. P., 73.
,, cajiina (Dog Violet). — Everywhere abundant. Ver}- variable.
April-May. P., 88.
,, tricolor (Pans}^ Heart's-ease). — Abundant on open ground.
May to September. A., 112.
POLYGALACE^.
Polygala vulgaris (Milkwort). — Common ; red, white, blue. June-
September. P.. 83.
,, caicaiea (Milkwort). — Locally abundant. May -July. (Han-
bury). 20.
,, aust7iaca (Milkwort). — Very rare. June. (Hanbury). 3.
Caryophyllace^.
Diantlms arnieria (Deptford Pink). — Local ; not common. July-
August. A., 48.
,, dcltoidcs (Maiden Pink). Local ; rare. June to September.
P., 58.
,. caryophylhcs {Q.o\\\WlOx\ PinkY — Castle walls, etc. July- August.
P.
Saponaria officinalis (Soapwort). — In a few localities. August. P.
Silene iyiflata (Bladder Campion).- Very Common. Becoming
dioecious. June-August. P., 46.
,, noctiflora (Night Silene). — Not common. July- August. A.,
46.
Lychnis vespertina (White Lychnis or Campion). — Common in corn-
fields, etc. June-September, B. (?) 41.
,, diuriia (Red Campion). — Common in woods, etc. May- June.
B. (?).
,, fios-cucuh (Ragged Robin). Common in woods. May-June.
P., 112.
,, githago (Corncockle). In cornfields. June-August. A., 100.
Holostenm 71171 bell a tiivi .—Q.?isem2iiQS of St. Mary's Barracks, and walls
of fortifications, Chatham, years ago. April. A., 4.
Cerastitcm tetraiidruvi (Mouse-Ear Chickweed). — Not uncommon.
May-June. A., 78.
,, semidecandrtim (Mouse-Ear Chickweed). — Not uncommon.
April-May, A., 90.
,, arvense (Field Chickweed).— Local, Meopham. April-August.
P„ 60.
16
Stellaria media (Chickweed). — Very common ; variable. March-Nov-
ember. A., 112.
„ holostea (Stitchwort). Verj^ common. April-June. P., 109.
,, 7ie?no77wi (Wood Starwort). — A stray specimen found. May-
June. P., 51.
,, giaminea (Lesser Starwort). — Common ; heath, dry pastures,
etc. May-June. P., 109.
,, aqiiatica (Water Starwort). — In ditches and damp places.
July-August. P., 59.
Arenaria tri7iervis (Three-nerved Sandwort). — Common in woods, etc.
May-June. A., 100.
,, serpyllifolia. — Common. Old walls, and sandy wastes. May-
August. A., 112.
Sagina viaiitima (Sea Pearlwort). — Abundant on salt marshes. May-
September. A., 65.
,, apetala (Small Pearlwort). — Common ; dry sandy places.
May-September. A., 76.
,, proaimbens (Procumbent Pearlwortj. — Waste ground, etc.
Abundant. May-September. A., 112.
SpergJila arvensis (Corn Spurry). — Common in cornfields, etc. June-
August. A., 112.
Spergidaria ? libra (Common Sandspurry). — Fairly abundant ; Motley
Hill, etc. June-September. A., 100.
,, viariJia (Sea Sandspurry). — Sea coast, salt marshes. June-
August. A.
Tamariscine^.
Tamarix gallica (Tamarisk). — Cliffe, and near sea. July. 76.
Hypericace.^.
Hyperiaim androseimim (Tutsan). — In bushy places, near Trotterscliffe,
margin of woods. Julj^- August. P., 80.
calychiuvi (Large Flowered Hypericum). — Rj'arsh, etc. ; wild,
but not indigenous. July-September. P.
tetrapiertnn (Square-stalked H. or St. John's Wort). — Occa-
sional. July. P., 104.
h2Linifiisnm (Trailing St. John's Wort). — Common in woods,
etc.. July. P., 100.
p7ilc/initn (Slender St. John's Wort). — Common in woods, etc.
June-July. P., iii
hirsiitum (Hairy St. John's Wort). — Woods, sides of streams,
etc. Ver}^ common. July-August. P., 90.
mo7itanum (Mountain St. John's Wort). — Not common. July-
August. P., 46.
pe7-foratu77i (Common or Perforate St. John's Wort). — Very
common. General. July-August. P., loi.
Malvace.*;.
Althcea hirsiiia (Rough-Leaved Marsh Mallow). — Extremely rare,
occurring only in two or three localities in this country.
One localit}' near Rochester. 3.
,, offici7ialis (Common Marsh Mallow). — Between Snodland and
New Hythe. Rev. C. H. Fielding, M.A. August-Sep-
tember. P., 29.
17
Malva moschata (Musk Mallow). —Borders of woods, etc.; not un-
common. July-August. P., 91,
,, sylvestris (Common M.) — Everywhere abundant. June-Sep-
tember. P., 96.
,, 7-oiundifolia (Dwarf M.) — IvOcal, not very abundant. Hartlip, etc.
June-September, P., 83.
TlLIACE^.
Tilia vulgaris (The Lime or L,inden). — Two or three forms occur, but
only as planted trees. July- August.
Linages.
Li7ium catharticitm (Cathartic Flax). — Common in dry pastures, open
downs, etc. June- August. A., 112.
„ angiistifolium (Narrow- Leaved Flax). — Sandy and chalkj' soils ;
not being common, but widespread. July. P., 37.
,, tisitatissiuncm (Common Flax). — An escape from cultivation.
July. A.
Geraniace^.
Geranium pluvtcm (Dusky Geranium). — Bredhurst, etc. May -June. P.
p7-atense (Meadow G.) — Damp meadows near Aylesford, etc.
June- August. P., 92.
pyreiiaAcinn (Mountain G.) — Not common. Upchurch, etc.
June-July. P., 65.
molle (Dove's-Foot G.) — Very common. April- August. A., 112.
pusilluni (Small-flowered G.) — Not so common as last. June-
September. A., 81.
rohindifoli^un (Round-Leaved G.) — Common, June-July. A., 21.
dissechcm (Cut-leaved G.) — Common in hedges and bush}^ places.
June- August. A., no.
cohimbimim (Long-Stalked G.) — Common in similar places as
last June-July. A., 76.
Robertia7ium (Herb Robert).— Woods and hedges ; very com-
mon and variable. Ma3^-September. A., 112.
lucidimi (Shining G.). — Strood, Miss Young (Hanbury). May-
August. A., 93.
Erodiujii ciaUarijim (Hemlock Stork Bill). — Common on sandy and
gravelly ground and meadows, but local. June-September.
A., 105.
Oxalis acetosella (Wood Sorrel Shamrock). — Common in our shady
woods. May. P., in.
AOUIFOLIACE^.
Ilex aquifolium (Holly).— Common in all our woods, etc. May-July. 105.
Celastrace.^.
Euonynnis europieus (Spindle Tree). — Woods and hedges. Conspicu-
ous in Autumn by its brilliantly coloured arillus. Fairly
common. May. 90,
Rhamnace^.
Rhamnus cai/ia rliens {Conunon Buckthorn). — Woods and hedges ; fairly
common. May-July. 58.
,, frangida (Elder Buckthorn). — Woods and hedges ; less com-
mon. May- June. 66.
18
ACERACE^.
Acer pseudo-plataiius (Sycamore). — Common everywhere. May-June.
„ campest7-e (Common Maple). — Common everywhere. May-
June. 62.
IvEGUMINOS^.
Ulex europLVus (Furze, gorse, or whin). — Common in Sandy ground.
February -June. 112.
,, nanus (Dartford Heath). — (Hanbury) 27.
Genista tinctoria (Dyers' Weed;. — Chattenden, etc. Julj^-September.
76.
Cytisiis scoparxia (Broom). — Common on sandy soil, woods, etc. May-
June. 109.
Onojiis arvensis (Rest Harrow). — Abundant in open ground. June-
September. P., 100.
,, spinoM (Spinous Rest Harrow). — Cobham, Chatham. June-
September. P. (Hanbury) 71.
Anthyllis vubieiaria (Lady's Fingers). — Common on chalk slopes.
June-August. P., 105.
Medicago saliva (lyucerne). — Abundant in old chalk quarries, waste
places, etc. An escape from cultivation. June-July. P.
,, lupnli?ia (Black Medick, Nonsuch). — Waste places. Motley Hill,
etc. March-August. A., 105.
,, denticidata (Reticulated M.) — Rather rare. Dartford. (Han-
bury). May-August. A., 22.
„ niacnlata (Spotted Medick). — Common ; grassy banks, etc.
May-August. A., 46.
,, scutellata (Snail plant). — Mathematical School Sports Field.
An escape. June.
Melilot2is officinalis (Common Melilotj. — Abundant on waste ground,
etc. June- August. B., 73.
,, fl/(^fl; (White Melilot). — Same situations as above ; less common.
June-August. B., 40,
,, arvensis (Field Melilot). — Gravesend. June-August. (_Han-
bury). B.
Trifolium sublerranezim (Subterraneum clover). — Very local. Sandy
places. May -June. A., 40.
,, pratensc (Red Clover). — Common. Fields, etc. Ma3'-Septem-
ber. P., T12.
,, viedium (Zigzag Clover). — General. June-September. P., 108.
,, incarnatum (Crimson Clover). — Escape from cultivation. June-
July. A.
,, «;w«:f^ (Hare's-Foot Clover). — Waste places, fields, etc. July-
September. A. 94.
,, slriahon (Knotted C.) — Dry pastures, etc. June-July. A., 77.
,, scabruni ( Rough C). — Dry sandy pastures, etc. May-July. A., 50.
,, glonieraluni (Clustered C.) — Local. July. A., 19.
,, ;r/)<^?/.? (White C.) — Verj^ common. May-September. P., 112.
,, pjvcumbens (Hop Trefoil). — Waste places, etc. Common.
June-August, A., 105.
,, minus (Lesser C). — Waste places, etc. July-August. A., 109.
„ filifornie (Slender C). — Waste places, etc. June-July. A., 65.
19
In'folinm hybridnni (Alsike Clover). — Roadsides, waste places. June-
September. P.
,, suffocatum (Suffocated Clover). — Upnor, etc. June-July. A.
(Hanbury) i6.
,, resiipinatum (Reversed C.) — Near Aylesford ; Knight's Place,
Miss C. E. Pye. July. A.
„ /raozy^-r/^/^ (Strawberry C.). — Snodland, Aylesford. Rare. July-
August. P., 72.
Lotus coriiiculatus (Bird's-Foot Trefoil). — Very common in district.
July-August. P., 112.
,, majo7'. — Less abundant than above ; damp places. July-
August. P.
,, tenuis (Slender Lotus). — Higham, Cobham, etc. July-Sep-
tember. P. (Hanbur}-) 67.
Astragalus glycvphyl/us (Milk Vetch). — Near Aylesford, Pilgrim Road,
etc. June-July. P., 66.
,, hypoglottis (Purple Milk Vetch). — A few plants found. June.
P-, 43.
Ornithopus perpusiUus {Qoxnxnow Bird's Foot). — Sand}- places ; Motley
Hill in abundance. Local and rather rare. Mav-July. A.,
84.
Hippocrepis comosa (Horse.shoe Vetch). — Common. Chalk banks, etc.
May- August. A., 45.
Onobiychus sativa (Sainfoin). — Ver}^ common in chalk. June-July.
P.. 30.
Vicia hirstita (]:la.\vyYQich). — Tare. Common. May-August. A,, 109.
,, tetrasperma (Slender Vetch). — Common. Hedges and bushy
places. May-August. A., 75.
,, gracilis. — Similar localities as the Slender V. June- August.
A., 25.
,, rr«cY« (Tufted V.) — Hedges, etc. June-July. P., 112.
,, orobus (Upright V.) — Hedgerows, etc. May-June. P., 34.
,, sepiu?)i (Bush V.) — Hedges and bushy places. June-August.
P., 112.
,, sativa (Common V.) — Cultivated ground. May-June. A.
,, lathyroides (Spring V.) — Gravelly places. May -June. A., 54.
,, bithynica (Bithynian V.) — Cookham Woods, Upnor ; rare.
Juh'-August. P., 19.
,, sylvatica (Wood V.) — Cobham, Ridley. July-August. P.
(Hanbury) 80.
Orobus ttiberosus ( Lathyrtis montanus ) (Tuberous Pea). — Hedge banks,
woods, etc. Common. June-Jul)'. P., 107.
Lathyrus aphaca (Yellow Vetchling). — Field near "Stone Horse Inn,"
Higham. May-August. A., 27.
,, ww-wZ/rt (Grass Vetch).- -Fields, etc. Local. June. A., 41.
,, pratensis (Meadow Pea). — Common ; Woods, hedges, etc. July-
August. P., 112.
„ sylvestris (Narrow-leaved Everlasting Pea.) — Upnor. Mr. Betts.
July-September. P., 62.
,, latifolius (Everlasting Pea). — An escape from gardens. Strood.
(Hanbury).
20
Rosacea.
Prtinus spinosa (Sloe). — Common ; hedges, edges of woods, etc. April-
May. io8.
,, cerastis (Wild Chern-). — Abundant in woods. April-May, 36.
,, insititia (BuUace). — Hedges occasional, an escape, April-May.
67.
,, /«/^^ ( Bird Cherry).— Cultivated. May. 70.
SpircEa Uhnaria (Meadow Sweet). — Common in damp meadows and
ditches. June- August. P., 112.
„ filipendida (Drop wort). — Upland pastures and chalk slopes.
June-July. P., 65.
Agrimonia Eupatoria (Common Agrimony). — Edges of woods, fields,
etc. Common. June-July. P., 120.
Poteriuni Sanguisorba (Salad Burnet). — Common on dry chalk banks,
etc June-August, P., 74.
Alchemilla arve?isis (Parsley Piert). — Common in stubble fields, etc.
May- August. A., 112.
Potentilla fragariastricm (Barren Strawberry). — Common ; dry banks,
etc. April-May. P., 106.
,, tormentilla (Tormentil). — Abundant on dry banks and chalky
soil, July-August. P., 83.
,, reptajis (Cinquefoil). — Very common ; banks etc. June-Novem-
ber. P., 99.
,, ajuerhia (Silver Weed, Goose Grass), — Common on dry
banks, and in sunny situations, June- August, P., 112.
,, ajgentca (Hoary Potentil). — Dry banks, etc. Not very common.
June-July, P.. 57.
Fraga7-ia vesca (Wild Strawberry),— Dry banks, woods, etc, May-June.
P., III.
„ ^/^/?z(7r (Hautboy). — Not very common. June-September. P., W].
Rtibus IdcBus (Raspberry).— Occasional ; woods, etc., Maidstone,
Boxley, etc. May -June. P., iti.
,, corylifolius (Common Bramble"). — Common. Juh'-August. 91.
,, arsuis (Dewberrj'). — Widel}' spread, but not verj' abundant.
June-August. 78.
,, saxatilis (Stone Bramble). — Widely spread, but not very abund-
ant. June-August. 70.
This is a very variable genus. While Bentham recog-
nises six species for the British Isles, Hanburj' makes over
sixt}' species, besides a great number of fairl}' stable
hybrids for Kent alone. The same remark applies to the
genera " Rosa " and " Pyrus " in a lesser degree.
Geion 7irbanum (Avens). — Common throughout district. July- August.
107.
Rosa spinosissima (Burnet, or Scotch Rose). — Abundant on the dry
chalk slopes, etc. May. 94.
„ to7fie7itosa {Downy ^osq). — In hedges, etc. June-July, iii.
,, riibighiosa (Sweetbriar). — Chalk}^ banks and hill sides. June-
July. 63.
,, caiiiyia (Dog Rose). Extremely common. Hedges, etc. June-
July, 112.
Rosa cani7ia (var. dumalis). — 112.
,, arvensis (Field Rose). — Borders of woods, etc. June-July.
69.
,, systyla (Close Styled Dog Rose). — Hedges and thickets on
chalk downs. June -July. 38.
Cratccgiis oxyacantha (var. oxyacanthoides ) 30 \ All three forms found
( ,, monogyna) \\\ | in same locality and
( ,, lacmiata) iii ) hedges.
Pyius torminalis iWild Service Tree) — Sparingly in woods. May-
June. 50.
,, aria ^White Beam). — Common in woods and hedges. May.
50.
,, phinatifida (Cut-L,eaved Mountain Ash). — One tree, Newington.
May.
,, aucMparia (Mountain Ash, Rowan). — Probably planted here.
May-June. 108.
,, communis (Pear Tree). — A probable escape from cultivation.
May-June. 49.
,, wm/w5 (Crab Apple). — Parent of all our Apples. May. 89.
Saxifragace.^.
Saxifraga tridactylites (Rue-L,eaved Saxifrage). — Old walls; common.
June-July. A., 83.
„ grayiulata (Meadow Saxifrage). — A showy plant, formerly grow-
ing at Sharsted, now apparently exterminated. May.
P., 81.
,, hypnoides (Cut-Leaved Saxifrage).-^ A garden escape. May-
July. P.
Ch?ysosple7iium oppositifolium (Golden Saxifrage). — Sides of ditches,
Boxle3% etc. April. P., 107.
,, alternifoliiim (Alternate-Leaved Saxifrage). — Sides of ditches,
Boxley, etc. April- May. P , 72.
Crassulace^.
Sedum telephium Orpine). — Between Cuxton and Cobham. July-
August. P., 43.
,, ao'^ (Stone Crop). Old walls etc. June-July. P., 108.
,, angliciim. — Stony and sand)^ places, Gravesend. June-
August. P. (Hanbury) 60.
Cotyledon umbiliacs (Navel wort). — Walls, rocks, etc. ; rare. Allhallows
Church. May-July. (Hanbury) 54.
Haloragace^.
Hippuris vulgaris (Mare's Tail). — Pond at Holborough ; rare. June-
July. P., 135.
Myriophyllum verticillahim (Water Milfoil). — Common in Marsh
ditches, Higham, etc. July-August. P., 49.
,, spicatum (Water Milfoil) — Common in Marsh ditches;
Higham, etc. July-August. P., 80.
Callitriche verna (Common Callitriche. Vernal Water Starwort). —
Common in ponds and ditches. April-September. P.
,, stagnalis (var. platicarpa). — Same position as above, and often
found with it. 93.
22
IvYTHRACE^e.
Ly thrum Salicaria (Purple Loosestrife). — On margins of streams, and
in ver}' damp places. May-July. P., 92.
,, hyssopifolia. — Damp places. Reported as occurring at Ro-
chester. Syme. (^Hanbury) 6.
Onagrace^.
Epilobium angustifoliuni (Willow Herb) — Holly Hill, etc. Jul3\ P., 96.
hhstUum (Great Willow Herb). — Sides of ditches. Abundant.
July-August. 96.
parvifJoruvi (Hoarj^ Willow Herb). — Woods, waste places, etc.
July-August. P., 103.
motitatium (Broad Willow Herb) — In a few' localities. June-
Jul)'. P., 112.
roseum (Pale Willow Herb) — Wet places ; rare. July. P.
(Hanbury).
tetragomim (Square Willow Herb). — In a few localities. July-
August. P.. 45.
Circ(Ba hUitiana (Enchanter's Nightshade). — Abundant in Cobham
woods. June-July. P., 103.
CUCURBITACE^.
Bfyonia dioica (White Bryony). — Plentiful in all the district. Note-
worthy for the beauty and perfection of its tendrils.
May- September. P., 59,
Umbellifer^.
Hydrocotyle vulgaris (Marsh Pennj^wort). — Edges of ponds, etc.,
Cobham, Snodland ; local. May- August. P., no.
Sa?iicula europcsa (Sanicle). Common in all our woods. June-
August. P., 109.
Apium ^7-aveohjis (Wild Celerj^). — Ditches, Higham, Snodland, etc.
June-August. P., 58.
,, iiodiflorum ''Water Parsnep). — Ditches, Higham, Snodland, etc.
August. P., 82.
in^indahini (Least Water-Parsnep). — Ditches. Higham, Snodland,
etc. June-July. P.. 97.
Petroselhium segehun (Common Parsley). — Hedges, fields, etc. August-
September. P., 45.
,, sativum (Parsley). — In chalk pit. June-August. P.
Sison a77iomum (l^&6.gQ Stonewort). — Fairly common. August. P., 54.
^gopodium podagra?ia (OoMtwQed), — Common. June-August. P., 100.
Bimium flexuostan (Pignut). — Common in woods, etc. June. B., lOg.
Cafum carui (Caraway). — A few stra}' specimens found. June. B., 2.
Pimpinella Saxifraga (Burnet Saxifrage), — Hedges, pastures, etc.
July-September. P., 102.
,, magyia (Greater pimpernel). — Hedges, etc. July- August. P.
,, ,, (var. dissecta'). — Commoner here than parent form. July-
August. P., 52.
Sium latifolium (Water Parsnep). — Common in ditches. July-August.
P., 42.
,, a7igustifolitwi (Lesser Parsnep). — Common in ditches. August.
P., 82.
23
Qinajithe fistulosa (Water Dropwort). Common ; riverside, ditches,
etc. July-September. P., 68.
,, pimpineUoidcs (Parsley Water Dropwort). — Ditches, etc., Hig-
ham. July-September. P., 17.
,, silai folia. — Ditches, etc., High am. Juh^-September. P., 22.
,, lache?ialii. — Ditches, etc., Higham. July-September. P., 72.
,, crocata (Hemlock Dropwort). — Medwa}' banks, ditches, etc.
July. P., 92.
,, Phellandriuvi (Fine-Leaved Dropwort). — Ditches, etc. July-
September. B. or P., 56.
Aithtcsa cynapuim (Fool's Parsley). — Common everywhere. July-
August. A., 96.
Faniictiliim vulgare (Fennel). — Abundant ; old quarries, Frindsbury,
Cookham Woods, etc. July- August. P., 32.
Silmis pratensis (Pepper Saxifrage). — ^Dry chalky places. June-Septem-
ber. P., 173.
Angelica sylvestris (Wild Angelica) — In damp woods; fairly common.
July- August. P., 112.
Pastinaca /^/*«/r^^a7/z^7;/y'5vensis (Field Mint). — Common in fields, etc. July-September.
P., III.
Mentha piperita (Peppermint).— Miss Young, Luton. August-Septem-
ber. P. (Hanbury) 77.
Thymus serpylhim (Wild Thyme).— Common on dry chalky banks.
June- August. P., 112.
Origaimm vulgare (Wild Marjoram). — Common, dry banks, fields, etc.
August. P., 90.
Calamintha Clinopodinm (Wild Basil).— Common, dry banks, etc. July-
August. P., 90.
„ aciyios (Basil Thyme).— Common, dry banks, etc. July-August.
A., 75.
,, officinalis (Common Calamint).— Very common. July-Septem-
ber. P., 62.
parviflora (Lesser Calamint).— Rather rare, though locally
plentiful. July-August. P. (Hanbury) 9.
Salvia P'^r(^i?«a<;a.— Clayey Road sides, Strood Hill, etc. May- August.
P., 84.
,. />;-a/'f«5W (Meadow Clary. Sage). — Cobham. Very rare. June-
August. 3.
Melissa officinalis (Balm).— River Bank, near Maidstone. Dr. J. H.
Morton, etc. July-August. P.
Nepeta Cataria (Catmint). — Fairly common in hedgerows. July-
August. P., 59.
olechoma (Ground Ivy).— Abundant everywhere. April-June.
P., 103.
Prnyiclla vulgaris (Self-heal).— Common. Pastures, woods, etc. July-
August. P., 112.
Scutellaria galericulata (Common Skull-cap). — Sides of ditches. July-
August. P., 103.
,, ?wm(7r (Lesser Skull-cap). — Sides of ditches. July-September.
P.. 72.
Marrubitim vulgare (White Horehound). — Not Common. Upnor, etc.
August-September. P., 66.
Ballota jiigra (Black Horehound). — Common everywhere. July-
August. P., 77.
Stachys Betonica (Betony). — Common in open woods and dry banks.
July- August. P., 82.
,, palustris (Marsh Stachys).— Not uncommon. July-August.
P., 112.
,, j^/zJ^/zVa (Hedge Stachys).— Very Common. July-August. P.,
112.
,, rt/'zitw^w (Corn Woundwort). — Fields. August-September. A., 99.
Galeopsis tctrahit (Hemp Nettle). — Common in pastures. July-Septem-
ber. A., 112.
,, /rtrt'fl:^^«;« (Red Hemp Nettle). — Common in pastures. August-
September. A., 3.
,, versicolor (Large- flowered Henp Nettle). — Snodland. June-
July. A., 80.
Laviinm amplexicaule (Henbit). — Widespread. Fairly abundant.
May- August. A., 96.
,, purpureum (Red Dead Nettle). — Very Common. May-August.
A,, 112.
33
Laviiumalhimi^hW.^ Dead Nettle). — Very Common. May-June. P., 102.
,, galeobdolon (Yellow Dead Nettle). — Common, woods, hedges.
May-June. P., 67.
,, maculatum (Spotted Dead Nettle). — Walderslade. May- August.
P.
Ajuga }-eptans (Creeping Bugle). — Common, woods, hedges, etc. May-
June. P., 109.
,, chamcspitys (Ground Pine). — Occasional, in chalky fields, etc.
May-July. A., 8,
lenci-iuni scorodojiia (Wood Sage). — Common in woods. July-August.
P., no.
,, botrys. — Valley behind Horstead. One plant only. July-Sep-
tember. 2.
Pl^ANTAGINACE.'E.
Plantago majoi- (Greater Plantain). — Pastures, roadsides, etc. July-
August. P., 112.
,, viedia (Hoary Plantain). — Pastures roadsides, etc. June-Sep-
tember. P., 82.
„ lanceolata (Ribwort Plantain). — Pastures, roadsides, etc. June-
July. P., 112.
„ viaritima (Sea Plantain). — Marshes. June-September. P., 78.
,, co7-07iopus (Buck's-horn Plantain). — Dry Places. June-August.
A., 96.
IlvLECEBRACE^.
Scleranthtis annua (Knawel). — A small widely distributed plant.
June-July. A., 100.
Chknopodiace^.
Sucsda maritima (Sea-bliteJ. — Common on Salt Marshes. July-Sep-
tember. A., 70.
Salicornia herbacea (Jointed Glasswort). — Common on Salt Marshes.
August-September. A., 70.
Salsola kali (Prickly Saltwort). — Marshes ; Upchurch, etc. July.
A., 64.
Beta maritima (Common Beet). — Common. Marshes, waste land, etc.
July-September. P., 57.
Chenopodinm olidum (Stinking Goosefoot). — Lower L,ines, Gillingham.
Destroyed. August-September. A., 37.
,, albiwi (White Goosefoot). — Very common. July-August.
A.. 112.
,, Bonus Henrims (Good King Henry). — Local. August. P., 100.
,, polyspermian. — Cuxton. August- September. A. (Hanbury) 49.
,, ficifolium (Fig-leaved Goosefoot). — RanscombeFarm. August-
September. A. (Hanbury) 49.
,, jnurale (Nettle-leaved Goosefoot). — June-September. A.
Hanbury) 42.
,, hybridum. — Near Singlewell, etc. August-September. A.
(Hanbury) 25.
,, botryodes. — Border of marshes, Westcourt. August-September.
A. (Hanbury) S.
Atripiex littoralis (Common Orache). — Marshes. Jul3^-September. A.,42.
34
Atriplex portnlacoides (Sea Purslane). — Marshes. August-September.
P- 35-
,, paUda (Spreading Halbert-Shaped Orache). — Marshes, waste-
heaps, etc. July- August. P., 93.
POLYGONACE^.
J?«;«(?.r fm^z« (Curled Dock). — Common. June-August. P., 112.
., obhisifoliiis (Broad-leaved Dock). — Wayside ditches, etc. July-
September. P., 112.
,, matitimus (Golden Dock). — Ditches and Flats near Gravesend.
July- August. P. (Hanbury) 39.
,, hydrolapathuun (Broad-leaved Dock). — Common on edges of
streams, ditches, etc. July-August. P., 71.
,, acetosa (Common Sorrel). — Everywhere. May -June. P., 112.
,, acetosella (Sheep Sorrel). — On very dry banks, pastures, etc.
May-July. P., 112.
Polygo7imn convolvulus (Black Bindweed). — Common in stubble fields.
Jul}-- August. A., III.
,, dumeto?'Jwt (Copse Bindweed). Sandpit, Motley Hill. July. A., 14.
,, avicularc (Knot Grass). — Very common. Ma^'-September.
A., III.
., Hydropiper (Water Pepper). — Streams, ponds, etc. August-
September. A., 105.
, persicaria (Common Persicaria). — Fairly common. June-
October. A., 112.
,, lapathifolmm (Pale Polygonum). — Not uncommon. July-
August. A., 103.
,, fagopyrum (Buckwheat). — Escape from cultivation. Jul}^-
August. A.
Thymeleace.*:.
Dap/uie laitreola (Spurge Laurel). — Not uncommon in woods. April. 52
lyORANTHAC e^.
Viscum alhnn (Mistletoe). — Local ; Cobham on hawthorn. March-
April. 40.
EUPHORBIACE^.
Buxus sempcrvirens (Box). — Chalk hills, rare, Boxley. x\pril-May.
(Hanbury).
Ei4phorbia helioscopia (Sun Spurge). — Common in arable land. June-
September. A., 112.
,, peplis (Purple Spurge). — Not uncommon. July-September.
A, 9.
,, aviygdalotdes (Wood Spurge).— Abundant in woods. March-
April. P., 52.
,, esula (y2iX. pseudo-cyparissiasj (Leafy Surge). — One or two speci-
mens found. Juh\ P.
,, pephis (Pett}' Spurge). — Common and abundant. July-August.
A.. 109.
,, exigna (Dwarf Spurge). — Common. June-August. A., 83.
„ lathy nis (Caper Spurge). — Near Cobham, etc. June-July.
B. (Hanbury) 4.
^5
Merciirialis perejinis (Dog Mercury). — Exi.tremely common, woods, etd.
April-May. P., 107.
,, annua (Annual Mercury). — Common in cultivated land,
gardens, etc. August-September. A., 42.
Urticace^.
Parietaria officinalis (Wall Pellitory). — Old walls, churches, castles, etc.
June-September. P., 94.
Urtica dioica (Common Nettle). — Everywhere abundant. June-
September. P., 112.
,, iirejis (Annual Nettle). — Waste and cultivated ground. June-
September. A., 108,
Htinmhis hiptdus (Hop). — Occasional in hedges, etc. July. P., 88.
Ulmace^.
Ulmus srcberosa (Common Elmj. — Very variable, common. March. 60.
,, mo7itana (Wych Elm). — Not uncommon. March-April. 99.
CUPULIFER.E.
Queirns Roh7(j- (\'3.r. pedimculataj ) (The Oak). In addition to these
(var. sessiliflora) j well marked varieties many minor
varieties occur. Very variable. March-May. 105.
Castanea vulgaris (Spanish Chestnut). — Common in woods. May.
Fagjis sylvatica (Beech). — A marked feature of our chalk slopes.
March-April. 67.
Corylus avellana (Hazel).— Common in woods and hedges. March-
April. III.
Carpi)iics betulus (Hornbeam). — Common in woods and hedges. May.
37-
Almis gliitinosa (Alder).— Along borders of streams. Common.
March, no.
Betula alba (Birch). — Abundant in gravelly soil. April-May. 112.
Salicace.^.
Salix viininalis (Osier Willow). — In damp swampy ground. April. 88.
,, capi-ea (Sallow Willow). — Common in woods, etc., the so-called
palm. April-Ma^^ 106.
,, fragilis (Crack Willow). — Stream sides, etc. April-May. 90.
,, «/^« (White Willow). — Alien, commonly planted. May. 92.
Populns alba (White Poplar). — Woods, much planted. March-April. 49.
,. canescens (Grey Poplar). — Not uncommon, mostl}^ planted.
March-April.
. , t7-etmda (Aspen). — Fairly common, woods, etc, March-April. 49.
,, nigra (Black Poplar). — Woods, etc., planted. March-April.
Ceratophyllace.^.
Ceratophyllum subm£rs7ini \ Hornwort or ( Ditches, Higham, etc.
,, detnerst07t ) Horned Pond weed I July. P., 53.
GYMNOGENS.
Conifer^.
Pi7i7is sylvestris (Scotch Fir). — Fairly common, much planted. 17.
J7i7iiper7is comm7uiis. — Abundant on our chalk slopes. May. 78.
Taxus baccato (Yew). — Abundant on our chalk slopes. March-April. 17.
36
BNDOGBNS.
HyDROCHARIDEvE.
Hydrocha7is viorsus-7-a7icB (Frog-bit). — Ditches, Higham, etc. July-
August. P., 48.
Elodea ca7iadeiisis (Canadian Weeds). — Ditches, streams, etc. Rarely,
if ever, flowers here.
Orchidace^.
Aceras anthropophora (Yellow Man Orchid). — Common on chalk slopes.
June. P., 20.
Orchis pyj-amidalis (Pyramidal Orchid). — Common on chalk slopes.
August. P., 64.
2^.j/«/a/a (Dwarf Orchid). — Chalk slopes. Queendown Warren.
June. P., 44.
purpurea (Purple Orchid). — Chalk banks, etc. Not common.
May-June. P. ? 4.
fusca (Brown Orchid). — Widely distributed, but not com-
mon. Woods, etc. May. P., 5.
viorio (Green-winged Orchid). — Common. Meadows, etc.
Ma}'- June P., 63.
viascula (Early Purple Orchid). — Common. Woods, etc. June.
P., 108.
hicarnata (Marsh Orchid). — Not common. Damp meadows,
etc. June. P., 71.
latifolia (Marsh Orchid). — Not common. Damp meadows, etc.
June. P., 105.
viaadata (Spotted Orchid) — Common. Woods, meadows, etc,
June. P., 108.
hirciua (Lizard Orchid). — Very rare. Great Chart, 1912.
(A. E. White). May. P., 4.
Gymnadenia coiiopsea (Sweet Scented Orchid). — Abundant on chalk
slopes. June-July. P., 102.
Habenaria bifolia (Butterfly Orchid). — Widely distributed, but not
common. W^oods, etc. June-July. P., 94.
,, chloroleiica (Butterfly Orchid). — Aylesford, near Maidstone.
May-June. P. (Hanbury). 90.
Hernmiium mo7iorchis (Musk Orchid). — Above Paddlesworth, etc.
Abundant some years. June-July. P., 23.
Ophrys apifera (Bee Orchid). — Widel}' spread on open chalk slopes,
etc. June-July. P., 59.
„ a7-a7iifera (Spider Orchid). — Very abundant some years.
Queendown Warren, etc. April- May. P., 12.
„ imcscifera (FI3' Orchid). — Widel}' spread. Wood sides, etc.
Chalk. May -June. P., 4.
Spiraiithes aictumnalis (Ladies' Tresses). — Higham, etc. August-
September. P., 59.
Lister a ovata (Green Man Orchid). — Widely spread, plentiful. May-
June. P., 109.
Neottia Nidtis-avis (Bird's Nest Orchid). — Fairly common in damp
woods. June. P., 87.
Epipactis latifolia (Helleborine). — Sides of wood. Very local. July-
August. P., 38.
37
Epipactis] media (Helleborine). — Near Trotterscliffe, Cuxton, etc.
August. P. (Hanbury).
,, violacca (Helleborine). — Cobham, Cuxton. August-September.
(Hanbury). 6.
Cephalanthera grandiflora (Helleborine). — Chalk slopes. Widely
spread. June. P., 31.
Iridace^.
Iris fcetidisshnus (Stinking Iris). — Woods, common. June-July. P., 49.
,, pseudacortis (Yellow Flag). — Sides of ponds and streams.
Common. June-July. P., 112.
Amarylwdace^.
Narcissus Pseudo-narcisstis (Daffodil). — Woods near Maidstone.
Dr. J. H. Morton. March-April. P., 78.
Galanihus 7iivalis (Snowdrop). — Woods, near Maidstone. Dr. J. H.
Morton, Holly Hill, etc. February-March. P.
Leticojuni ^stiv7im (Summer Snowflake), — Cuxton. May -June. P.
(Hanbury), 7.
DiOSCOREACE.E.
Tavnis communis (Black Bryony). — Abundant, hedges, etc. May-
June. P.
Trilliace^.
Pa7'is quadrifolia (Herb Paris), — Woods ; very local. I\\x^'^^\X). — Very common and abundant; woods, etc.
May. P., 112.
Allizan oleracium (Field Garlic). — Banks, etc. July-August. P., 52.
„ ursinum (Ransoms). — River and stream sides. Loose, etc.
April-June. P., 109.
,, vineale (Crow Garlic). — River sides, dry banks, etc. June-
July. P., 80.
Ornithogalum timbellahcm (Star of Bethlehem). — Cobham, Shorne, etc.
Ma5^-June. P. (Hanbury).
JUNCACE^.
Juncus mariiimus (Sea Rush), — Salt marshes. July- August. P , 54,
,, glauctis (Hard Rush). — Marshes, pastures, etc. July. P., 90.
„ <^z^/^wz«5 (Toad Rush). Holly Hill, etc. July- August. P., 112.
,, cfficsiis (Soft Rush). — Common ; general. July. P., 112.
Luztila Fosteri (Hairy Woodrush). — Woods, banks, etc. May. P., 29.
,, ^z7^5a (Hairy Woodrush;. — Woods, banks, etc. May. P., 109.
,, sylvatica (Great Woodrush). — Woods, etc. April-June. P.,
109.
Lnzida a/?^a'(75« (Marsh Carex).— Wet meadows, marshes, etc. May. P.
,, riparis (Tall Marsh Carex). — Wet Meadows, marshes, etc.
May, P., 79.
,, disHcha. — Marshes and moist meadows. May-June. P.
(Hanbury), 83.
,, teretuiscula. — Marshes, rare. Meadows, Upnor. May-June.
(Hanbury).
„ panictilata. — Marshes, stream-sides. June, P. (Hanbury), 94,
,, znilphia. — Stream-sides, ditches, ponds, etc. J. Hepworth.
June. P., 86.
,, pihdifera. — Sand, gravel, etc. Ryarsh. May-June. P. (Han-
bury), 104.
,, distans. — Marshes, ditches, etc. Higham, Cliflfe. Maj'-July,
(Hanbury). 60.
,, Psendo-cypems. — Marshes, ditches, etc. Cobham. J. Hepworth.
June. P., 48.
,, riparia. — Marshes, ditches, etc. Cobham. May. P.
(Hanbury), 79.
Graminaceous,
Cyjiodon Dactylon (Creeping Cynodon). — In a few isolated patches.
August. P., 3.
Anthoxanthum odorahun (Sweet Vernal Grass). — Common in woods,
Maidstone. June. P., 112,
Phalaris Ca7iariens7s {Q2ir\2iry OxdiSs). — Rubbish heaps. Alien. July. A.
,, ariindinacea (Reed).— Watery places, ditches, etc. June-
July. P., no.
Alopecwiis agrestis {^X^vl^^x Voyi-\.2i\\). — Fields, waste land, etc. July
A., 68.
,, geniailahis (Marsh Fox-tail). — Ponds, damp places, etc. June
July. P., 112.
,, bulbcmis (Bulbous Fox-tail). — Salt marshes, etc. June. P., 22,
,, pratensis (Meadow Fox-tail). — Fields, damp woods, etc.
April-June. P., 109.
P/i/^?^Wj!^r«/'\ gamekeeper. A.
MUvus ictinus (Kite). — Lord Clifton says " I believe I saw one at
Shorne, but no Kite has been positively identified at
Cobham for many 3-ears. I presume this was the bird
alluded to, and not the Black Kite," mihms migrans. A.
Buteo vtdgaris {^\XTZ2ir^. — Numerous in Kent in 1870. "A pair was
shot in my district (Rainham)." (Prentis). A.
Archibuteo lagop2(s (Rough-legged Buzzard). — Cobham 18S8, etc. (Field-
ing). One shot by a woodman. " I observed another about
the same time on our marshes." (Prentis). C.
Pernis apivorus (Hone3'--Buzzard). — Cobham, 1881, rests on the
authority of the head gamekeeper, who says he " disturbed
one from a wasps' nest." (Lord Clifton). " A pair was
shot here in 1881." (Prentis). Rainham. (Green j. C.
Circles (sriiginosus (Marsh Harrier). — One shot in Rainham Woods,
1867. (Prentis). C.
,, cyaneiis (Hen-Harrier). — Females are not uncommon in
Autumn, frequenting our woods, where thej^ are sometimes
shot. The old grey males seldom seen. (Prentis). A.
,, cineracais (Montagu's Harrier) — Comes in spring. Not un-
frequently seen. Prentis records the appearance of six
varieties with dates of their appearance. B.
Strix flavimea (Barn Owl). — A useful exterminator of vermin. Un-
fortunately it is too frequently shot by gamekeers and
others. Widely distributed. A.
Asio otiis (Long-eared Owl). — Occasionally met with in our woods,
and killed. " One was found at Chalk squatting in a field
like a hare." (Lord Clifton). A.
„ brachyolns (Short- eared Owl). — An autumn visitant to our " Salt
Marshes, where they are killed every year." (Prentis).
Seen at Chalk in Winter of So-i. (Fielding). A.
Lanixis excubitor (Great Gre}^ Shrike). — "Shot in the Rainham District
at least three times." ( Prentis j. C.
„ colhcrio (Red-backed Shrike). — Breeds in the woods of Cobham,
Shorne and Cuxton (Lord Clifton.) " Comes to us at the
latter end of April or the beginning of May." (Prentis).
,, poviera7i7is {V\Ioo6.cha.\.). — Sittingbourne. (Green).
Muscicapa grisola (Spotted Flycatcher). — Comes to our homesteads and
orchards when the apple trees are in blossom, doing all the
service it can. (Prentis). Cobham. (Carr). B.
,, atricapilla (Pied Flycatcher). — Very rare. Cobham. (Carr).
Occasionally seen. (Fielding). B.
47
Turdiis viscivo7-us (Missel or Mistle Thrush).— Generally distributed. Its
February song is most cheery and cheering. Known as the
•' Storm Cock," as it delights to sit upon the topmost twig
of a tree in a gale of wind, singing out merrily, A.
,, vmsicus (Song Thrush).— Generally distributed, as above. A.
,, pilaris (Fieldfare). — Plentiful in most winters, a cream coloured
variety shot in 187S. (Prentis). C.
,, iliacns (Redwing). — Comes in Autumn. Knd of October. In
snowy, severe weather, comes to our gardens for shelter and
food. Among shrubs on m3Mawn in winter, 1910. C.
,, torq7iatits (Ring-Ouzel). — Cobham (Lord Clifton and Mr. Carr)
Rainham (Green). B.
,, merida (Blackbird). — Generally distributed. Visits lawns, etc.
for worms and grubs. A.
Accentor viodtdaris (Hedge Sparrow). — Common in fields and gardens.
A.
Erithacus rubecida sub : sp : melophihcs (Redbreast). — -Ever}- where
common. Affects gardens, etc., in winter, C.
Philomela hiscinia (Nightingale).— Common in South of England. Does
not appear to extend further North than Doncaster. B.
Rnticilla pha;nicta'jis (Redstart). — More rare now than in former years.
Cobham. (Carr), B.
,, /z7)'.y (Black Redstart). — Rather rare. Cobham. (Lord Clifton,
' 1880), recently (Carr). C.
Pratincola r^ibetra (Whiuchat). — Cobham, Cuxton, Ifield. (Fielding).
Cobham (Carr). B.
,, nibicola (Stonechat). — More common in Winter than Summer.
Cobham. (Carr\ A.
Saxicola oeyianthe { Wheatear), — Cobham annually, along Marsh walls,
(Carr). B.
Locusiella ncBvia (Grasshopper Warbler). — Not common. Bridge-
woods, (Hepworth), B.
Acrocephalus phragmitis (Sedge Warbler). — Cobham. (Carr). Comes
in April. B.
,, .j/;r/>^;?^5 (Reed-Warbler), — Cliffe, Cobham. (Carr). Not found
far from reedy spots. B.
Sylvia atricapilla (Blackcap). — Spring visitant. Cobham. (Carr). B.
,, hortensis (Garden Warbler). — Rather rare now. Cobham,
(Carr). B.
,, cinerea (Whitethroat). — Common summer visitant. Coming
about third week of April. Cobham. (Carr). B.
,, c?^;-; 7^r(7 (Lesser Whitethroat), — Not ver}^ common, B.
Phylloscopus trochiliLS (Willow Warbler). — Rather more scarce than
formerly owing " to our wet summers." (Prentis). B.
,, sibilatrix (Wood-Warbler). — This bird "is seen on passage,"
the periodical cutting down of woods apparently prevents
its stay. B.
,, rufus (Chiffchaflf). — An early visitor. Common. Cobham.
(Carr). B.
Reguhis cristaUis (Goldcrest).— Not common. " One pair nested in
my garden." (Prentis). Cobham. (Carr). A.
48
Regulus ignicapillus (Fire-crest). — Upper Higham, Cobham (Fielding).
E.
Partis major (Great Titmouse). — Fairly common. Cobham. (Carr). A.
,, ater (Continental Cole Titmouse). — " I meet with the Cole Tit
but rarely, perhaps once in the course of a year." (Prentis).
Cobham. (Carr). E.
,, ccertdeus (Blue Titmouse). — In gardens, &c., searching the bare
trunks of trees for insects. Cobham. (Carr). A.
,, pahcstris (Marsh Titmouse). — Marshes and low woods,
Cobham. (Carr). A.
Acredula caudata (White-headed I,ong-tailed Tit — Bottle Tit). — Scarce.
Pa7iuncs biarviicus (Bearded Titmouse K — Three shot in a reed bed,
Maidstone, in 1865. (Prentis). Scarce. A.
Ampelis garruhcs (Waxwing). — Very rare. A few making their appear-
ance at intervals and are mostly shot, preventing any
possibilit}' of their settling here. Noticed by Mr. Fielding
several times during winters '79-80 and 'S0-81, near Higham.
E.
Motacilla lugtibris (Pied Wagtail). — Well distributed throughout our
district. Cobham. (Carr). A.
,, vielanope vGrey Wagtail). — Not common. Cobham. (Carr). A.
,, rail (Yellow Wagtail). — Seen mostly as passengers to more
Northern districts. Cobham. (Carr). B.
Anthus pratensis (Meadow Pipit, Tit-lark). — Not very common.
Cobham. (Carr). A.
,, f;T'^?^^^.y (Red-throated Pipit). — Rainham. (Fielding). Cobham.
(Carr). E.
,, U'ivialis (Tree Pipit). — A Summer visitant. Not infrequent.
Cobham. (Carr). B.
,, richardi (Richard's Pipit). — Mr. Prentis says he has o\Ay met
with one specimen. E.
,, obscwus (Rock Pipit). — Common in Winter. Feeding along
margins of creeks. Cobham. (Carr). A.
Alauda arvensis (Sky Lark). — Extremely common. A.
,, arborea (Wood Lark). — Rare in this district. Prentis onl\^ met
one specimen. A.
Plectrophanes 7iivalis (Snow Bunting). — Come in flocks in November
and December. Rainham. (Green). A.
Emberiza miliaria (Corn Bunting). — Generally distributed, but not
mari}^ individuals. A.
,, citrinella (Yellow Hammer). — Common. In flocks in winter.
A.
,, ciihis (Cirl Bunting). — Appears to be local. A.
,, melanocephala (Black-headed Bunting). — " In reeds, rushes, and
sedge in the marsh." (Prentis). E.
„ horhdaiia (Ortolan Bunting). — Lord Clifton saw a specimen at
Cobham. (Fielding). E.
Ftingilla ccclebs (Chaffinch). — Common in all districts. A.
,, montifriiigilla (Brambling.) — Fairly common, generally mixed
with chaffinches, etc. C.
49
Passer domeiUicus (House Sparrow). — Ubiquitous. A.
„ mo7itanus (Tree Sparrow). — A winter visitant. Small flocks on
marshes, etc. Tolerably common. (Fielding). Cobham.
(Carr). A.
Coccothraiistcs zmlgaris (Hawfinch). — Fairly common. Widely dis-
tributed. Cobham. (Carr). A.
Liozuinus chloris (Greenfinch), — Common. In flocks in winter. Cob-
ham. (Carr). A.
Catduelis elcgans (Goldfinch). — Scarce, and getting more so. Cobham.
(Carr). A.
Chrysoniitris sphms (Siskin). — Rare. Among alders (feeds upon seeds).
Winter visitor. (Fielding). A.
Vidua (African Whydah Finch). — One shot in Rainbam. (Prentis).
Linota caiinabina (lyinnet). — Fond of turnip seed. Common, generally
distributed. A.
„ rufescens (Lesser Redpoll). — Not common. Cobham. (Carr). A.
„ flavirostris (Twite). — Winter visitant. Hunts along marsh
walls. A.
Loxia curvirosb-a TCrossbill). — Cobham, Maidstone. A.
Pyrrlmla eiiropcea (Bullfinch). — Not uncommon. Cobham. (Carr). A.
Shir-mis vuloaris (Starling). — Common everywhere, and abundant. A.
Pastor roseus (Rose-coloured Pastor). — Shot near Maidstone in 1863.
Very rare. E.
Corvus corax (Raven). — Not b}' anj^ means common. " Our shepherd
proclaims eternal war against them." (Lord Clifton). A.
., corone (Carrion Crow). — Common. Carnivorous. Kgg de-
stroyers. A.
,, comix (Hooded Crow). — Common in Autumn and Winter.
Almost omnivorous. A.
,. frugilegus (Rook). — Common. Rookeries in City upon large
trees surrounded bj' houses. A.
,, vwnedida (Jackdaw). — Common. Nests in chalk quarries,
Boxle}', etc. A.
Pica rnstica (Magpie). — Very general, but shot as vermin by keepeis.
Becoming scarce in some woods. A.
Garndus glajidarius (Jay). — Common in woods, but like magpie shot
by keepers. A.
Gecinus viridis (Green Woodpecker).— Not very common, mainly
young birds that are seen. (Carr). A.
Dcndrocopjcs major (Great Spotted Woodpecker). — Rather rare.
Nested at Cobham 188 r. (Fielding). (Carr). A.
,, minor (Lesser Spotted Woodpecker). — Occasional in orchards,
etc. Cobham. (Fielding;. A.
lyjix t07-quilla (Wryneck — Cuckoo's mate — SnakeBird). — Not uncom-
mon. Coles Finch. Cobham. (Carr). B.
Coracias garrnla i^oW^x). — Rainham. (Fielding). E.
Certhia familiaris (Tree-creeper). — Not uncommon but rarely seen. A.
Troglodytes parvuhis (Wren). — Flying or rather creeping through thick
hedges, etc. Cobham. (Carr). A.
Sitta ccBsia (Nuthatch).— -Not often seen. Shy. Cobham. (Carr). A.
50
Upupa cpops (Hoopoe). — An occasional visitor, but alwaj's shot when
seen, " pour encourager les outres." Longfield (killed)
Ryarsh Rectory, (Rev. M. White). Maidstone 1888. Lord
Clifton.
Cuctihis canoriis (Cuckoo). — Ubiquitous, and everywhere welcome. B.
Akeda ispida (Kingfisher). — Hunting Creeks at Rainham, etc. Cobham.
(Carr). A.
Hirttndo rtistica (Swallow). — Very generally distributed. B.
Chelidon urbica (Martin). — Not so numerous as the Swallow. B.
C(?/z7-??7)5>«rza (Sand Martin). — Large numbers in sand pits at Shorne
and at Motley Hill. B.
Cypsehis apus (Swift. Screech Martin). — Common. Breeds in old
houses, church towers, etc. B.
Caprimulgiis curopccus (Nightjar). — Common on borders of our woods.
Their "whirring" notes in the dusk of Summer evenings
have a weird effect. B.
Calidris arenaria (Sanderling). — Rainham. (Green).
Coluiuba (C?ias (Stock Dove).— Small flights are not uncommon.
(Prentis). A.
,, palmnbjLS (Ring Dove). — "Breeds in our woods sparingly."
(Prentis). A.
Turtur communis (Turtle Dove).— Rather frequent. B.
Syrrhaptes paradoxus (Pallas's Sand Grouse). — Occasional visitant.
Four at Hoo in 1888. D.
Phasiavus colchictis (Pheasant) — Plentiful. Protected. A.
Prdix cinerea (Partridge). — Plentiful. Protected. A.
Ceaccabis rufa (Red-Legged Partridge). — Spread over Rainham district.
(Prentis). A.
Cotur7iix comvmnis (Ouail).— An occasional visitant. Cobham.
(Fielding), g.
Charadrius phtvialis (Golden Plover). — Often seen on Medwa}'. (Field-
ing). Large flocks on Rainham marsh. A.
Q^dic7iem us scolopax {SiowQ Curlew). — Often seen on Medway. (Field-
ing). Scarce in district. (Prentis). Rainham. (Payne). A.
Aigialitis hiaticula (Ringed Plover). — Otterham Quay. (Payne).
Thinly scattered on Medway. (Prentis). A.
Squatarola helvetica (Grey Plover). — Medway. Killed or driven away
by sportsmen. (Prentis). (Payne). C.
Vanelhis vulgaris (Lapwing) — Common on Marshes. Known as
* Peewit" and "Green Plover." A.
Strepsilas interpres (Turnstone). — Medway Saltings. (Prentis).
Rainham. (Lamb). Autumn and Winter visitant. C.
matopus ostralegus (03'ster-catcher). — Rainham. Seldom seen on
Medway. Rainham. (Payne). A.
Ardea cinerea (Heron.) — Cobham. Heronry. A.
,, purpuira (Purple Heron). — Seen in Cobham Woods. (Hon.
A. Bligh). E.
BolaJt rus s/ellaris {Bhiern). — Cobham 184S. Swanscombe 1853. Shot
on Rainham marshes at least 4 times. (Prentis). Snod-
land, Cooling. B.
Platalea leucoiodia (Spoonbill). — Occasional on Medwaj-. C.
51
Ciconia nigra (Black Stork), — One trapped at Burnt Wick Marsh,
Upchurch by Mr. Hore. E.
Ntimenius arquata (Curlew). — With us throughout the year. (Payne).
Hundred of Hoo. (Payne). A.
,, phcBopus (Whimbrel). — Upchurch flats. (Green). B.
Totamts calidris (Redshank). — Upchurch, Rainham saltings. (Green
and Prentis). Common. (Payne). A.
,, fusais (Spotted Redshank). — Pays our mud flats a visit
generally in the Autumn. (Prentis). C.
„ glareola (Wood Sandpiper). — Rainham Marsh. (Payne). Five
shot out of ICO which appeared the day after a heavy
thunderstorm. (Prentis). C.
Ti ingoides hypoleucus (Common Sandpiper).— Rainham. An occasional
visitor. B.
Hdodromas ochropus (Green Sandpiper). — Upnor, Rainham, etc. Com-
mon. (Green and Prenti.s). C.
Recnrvh ostra avocetta (Avocet). — Stangate Creek. Rare. Seen flying
along a Creek and shot. (Prentis). Stangate Creek.
(Payne). C.
Scolopax rusficiila (Woodcock). — Medway. Never very plentiful but
never without a few. (Prentis). (Vaiyne). A.
Liviosa lapponica (Bar-tailed Godwit). — Upchurch, Rainham, etc.
(Payne). C.
„ belgica (Black-tailed Godwit). — Medway Saltings and Creeks.
(Prentis). C.
Machetes pugiiax (Ruff). — Clifie-at-Hoo. Medway flats. (Payne).
Female named Reeve. B.
Gallinago major (Great Snipe). — In our locality. (Payne).
,, ccslestis (Common Snipe). — Medway, dry marshes. (Payne). A.
Limnocryptcs gallinula (Jack Snipe). — Medway. Rainham Marsh.
(Payne). A.
Tringa subarqxiata (Curlew Sandpiper). — Rainham and Upchurch
Saltings. (Payne). C.
,, cayndzis (Knot).— Medwa}' Saltings. (Green). C.
,, viinuta (Little Stint). — Burnt Wick Marsh, Upchurch, Strood.
(Lord Clifton). Rare. C.
,, ici)imi7icki (Temminck's Stint). — Rainham Marsh. (Prentis),
" Rare with us." (Payne). E.
„ striata (Purple Sandpiper). — In severe winter, shot on marsh
walls. (Prentis). C.
,. alpina {\)Vi\\\\xi), — Banks of the Medway and mud flats. Vary
in numbers, sometimes many and sometimes few. (Payne).
Phalaropus liyptrboreus (Red-necked Phalarope). — Rainham Marsh.
(Prenti.s). B.
,, Julicariiis (Gre}' Phalarope). — Medway — Rare visits, Rans-
combe. (Payne). C.
Crcx pratensis (Corn-Crake). — Rochester, etc., etc. — Formerly much
more numerous it seems to me. B.
Porzana maruetta (Spotted Crake). — Cliffe. (Fielding). Rainham.
(Green). B.
Rallus agitaticiis (Water Rail). — Nursted, Cobbain. (Fielding). A.
52
GalUnula chloropus (Moor-hen).— Cobham, Rainham, etc. A.
Fulica atra (Cool).— Rare on Rainham marshes. A.
Bernicla breiita (Brent Goose). — On marshes, Rainham, etc., in severe
winters. (Prentis and Payne). C.
Cygiius bewicki (Bewick's Swan).— Flying over Rainham woods.
(Prentis and Green). C.
7a^or«« c^;-«?^^'« (Common Sheldrake).— Rainham. (Green. A.
Spatula clypeaia (Shoveller) — Cobham. Come to marshes and are off
again, seldom shot. (Payne). (Prentis). A.
Chaulelasvms strepcrus (Gadwall).— On Medway. " Gives craft a wide
berth." Seldom shot. (Payne). (Prentis). A.
Daftla aaita (Pintail). — More common than two last. A pair or two-
shot each year. (Prentis). A.
Querquedula circia (Garganey). — Sometimes shot on Rainham marshes^
etc. (Payne). B.
crecca (Common Teal). — Our marshes. (Payne). A.
/47/«5^^^r«5 (Wild Duck).— Medway. Marsh Saltings. (Payne). A.
Mareca pcndope (Widgeon). — Cobham Fishponds, etc. Medway, come
and go. (Payne). (Prentis). A.
Someteria viollissima (Eider Duck). — A pair shot on Medway a few
years ago. (Prentis). A.
CEdemia fusca (Velvet Scoter). — Sometimes appears on the Medway.
(Prentis). Frindsbury. (Green). Thames and Medway.
(Payne). C.
nigra (Common Scoter). — Medway, near Maidstone. (Lamb).
A.
Ftdio'ula cristata (Tufted Duck). — Not uncommon. Comes and goes,
no harbour for it. Rainham. (Green.)
ferina (Pochard). — Cobham Ponds. (Lord Clifton). Comes
and goes, no harbour for it in Medway. (Prentis).
Medway. (Payne).
marila (Scaup). — Not so uncommon as the Pochard.
(Prentis). (Payne). C.
Harelda glacialis (Long-tailed Duck).— "Two Long-tailed Duck.s
have come to v^y knowledge as shot in the Medway."
(Prentis). (Payne). C.
Clangula glaucion (Coldeneye). — Rainham. (Payne, Prentis). Young
Birds frequently shot. (Payne). C.
Afe?gtis albclhis (Smew). — Two specimens have been shot on marshes.
(Prentis). (Payne). C.
vieroavscr (Goosander). — One instance of a Merganser in
Medway known to Prentis. A.
serrator (Red-breasted Merganser). — Not uncommon in Medway
creeks in bad weather. (Prentis). (Payne). A.
Podiceps aistatus (Great Crested Grebe). — Medway and Upchurch
saltings. (Prentis). (Payne). Otterham Quay. ((Treen). A.
griseigena (Red-necked Grebe). — Rainham. Stangate Creek.
Medway. (Morris). (Payne). C
aiiritiis (Sclavonian Grebe). — Medway. Comes in winter, not
ver}' common. (Prentis). C.
„ nigricolUs (Eared Grebe). — Very rare on Medway. (Payne). C.
53
Tachybaptes fluviatilis (lyittle Grebe). — Common on Medvvay Marshes,
Rainham, Cobham, Higham, etc. (Payne). A.
Colynibus glacialis (Great Northern Diver). — Rainham, Sittingbourne,
Upchurch. (Payne). C.
,, septentrionalh (Red-throated Diver). — Common on the Medway.
lyocally called " Sprat Loon." (Prentis). A.
,, arcticus (Black-throated Diver). — " Rare in these parts.'
(Payne). A.
Lomvia troile (Common Guillemot). — Not common on Medway. Some-
times shot. (Prentis). A,
Mergulus alle (Little Auk). — One taken at Boxley, 1879. C.
Fratercula arctica (Puffin). — " I only know of two being shot on Medway."
(Prentis). Medway. A.
Phalacrocorax carbo (Cormorant). — Plentiful on our river — (Medway).
Up Thames as far as Greenhithe. (Norris). A.
,, gractdus (Shag). — Seen in the Medway, and shot on one or two
occasions. (Prentis).
Sula bassana (Gannet). — One in centre of Rainham Wood — Rare in
Medway. Thames as far as Greenhithe. (Morris). A.
Sterna caspia (Caspian Tern). — One seen on the Rainham marshes
by Prentis. E.
,, caniiaca (Sandwich Tern). — But seldom seen on the Medway.
(Prentis). B.
,. fluviatilis (Common Tern). — Common. Sport on the calm
water in the autumn for a fortnight at least. (Prentis). B.
,, macrtira (Artie Tern). — Possibly occurs, but no record. B.
,, minuta (Little Tern). — Hoo Marshes. (Fielding). Creeks,
Rainham Marshes. (Prentis). B.
Hydrochelidon 7iigra (Black Tern). — In the Medway in August.
(Prentis). B.
Larus mi7nit2cs(JJitl\QOxi\\). — Rainham. Milton Creek. (Prentis). C.
ridibjmdiis (Black-headed GulD. — Common in Autumn on the
Medway. (Prentis). A.
ca7i7is (Common Gull). — Frequent occurrence in Medway.
(Prentis). A.
ina?i7i7cs (Greater Black-backed Gull). — Not very common,
hindered by traffic. (Prentis). A.
arge7itat7is (Herring Gull). — Flies over land in Sprat Season.
(Prentis). A.
fuscus (Lesser Black-backed Gull;. — Comes on Medway in
small numbers. (Prentis). A.
Rissa tridactyla (Kittiwake). — A rare straggler in Medway. (Prentis).
A.
Stercorarius pomato7-hi7ius (Pomatorhine Skua) —Rochester Bridge,
shot by a bargeman. Chatham Hill. (Prentis). C.
,, crepiiatus (Richardson's Skua). — Of frequent occurrence on
Medway. (Prentis). A.
Procellaria pelagica (Storm Petrel). — One picked up alive by a boy.
(Prentis). A.
54
Oceanodrovia leucorrhoa (lycach's Petrel). — Once at least seen on
Medwa^'. (Prentis). A.
Phceyiicopte7tcs ivseus (Flamingo). — "A rare straggler to Great Britain"
(British Museum '' Gnide to British Vei'lebrates''^. One
shot by Mr. Thomas Rye, Gillingham, on the 24th Novem-
ber, 1904, on Foulpeak Marsh, Gillingham : stuffed and
mounted by Mr. L. French, 14, Watts Place, Chatham. E.
55
Batrachia, Reptiles and Fresh Water Fishes
of the Rochester District.
Reptiles.
Lacerta agilis (Sand Lizard). — In sandy ground. Mostly seen on hot
sunny daj^s. Eggs laid at base of walls, etc., and hatched
by the heat of sun. The existence of this species in our
localitj', or in Kent, is more than doubtful.
Zootoca vivipa7-a (Green Lizard).— (Bell). Leysdown, Sheppey. Eggs
sometimes hatched before extrusion.
Anguis fragilis (Blind Worm).— Not uncommon. Chalk slopes,
quarries, under stones, etc. A snake-like lizard. Portions
of limbs still remain concealed beneath the skin. Perfectly
harmless. Walderslade, Boxle3\ etc.
Matrix ( Tropidoiiotus) torqttata (Common or Grass Ringed Snake). —
Not uncommonly seen basking in the sun on banks of
streams etc., to which it readilj^ takes, swimming well.
Easily become friendly and may be kept as pets. Quite
harmless. Eggs deposited in dung heaps and hatched by
heat of fermentation.
Pelias ( Vipera) Beriis (Viper or Adder). — Found in almost all our
woods and on the grass}^ slopes. In the Bridge Woods, they
were, a few years ago, quite common. I have seen at the
same time, three or four within a few feet of each other
basking in the midday sun. In Lord's Wood they are often
to be seen. On Motley Hill two or three years ago, I and
a friend disturbed a very fine one in the long grass bordering
a stream at the foot of the hill. It should be remembered
that the bite of this Snake is extremely dangerous, and
should be carefully avoided. It would be well if school-
masters would teach their pupils to discriminate between
this and the Common Snake, as the latter, though not only
harmless, but useful, is viewed with terror, and so is ruth-
lessly killed when met with. The eggs of the Viper— 12
to 25 — are hatched within the creature's body. There are
several well marked varieties of this Snake, some of which
are doubtless to be found in our district.
Batrachia.
Rana temporaria (Common Frog). — Common in damp situations. —
Visit ponds in early spring to deposit their eggs, which are
laid in large clusters. This done the water is again left.
56
Bufo vulgaris (Common Toad). — Common.
,, calamita (Natterjack Toad. — Brownish yellow, spotied with
green and rust-red, bright yellow line down middle of back,
eyes yellow. The presence of this in our district is doubt-
ful, though recorded.
Molge cristata (Crested or Warty Newt). — Common.
,, vulgaris (The Smooth Newt.). Common.
,, ^a/wa/« (Palmated Newt). — Not exceeding 3ins. long. Tail ends
in a thread. Male developes a fold of skin along each side
of the back, in addition to low crest along middle line
of the body. I believe, but am not quite certain this is to
be found in our district.
N.B. — The BaTrachia are all not only harmless, but extremely useful, and should
be protected. At present whenever seen they are ruthlessly killed
bj' children, and not seldoui b}- ignorant grown-ups, under the im-
pression that they are poisonous. Teachers please note.
FRESH WATER FISHES.
ACANTHOPTERYGII.
Perca fluviatilis (Perch). — Frequent in Medway.
Acerina (Perca) cernua (Pope, Ruff). — I^ess common.
Cottus gobio (Bullhead, Miller's Thumb). — Upper Medway, etc.
Gasterostetis aculeahis (Stickleback).
var: _§jv«^«z'? w-J (Smooth-tailed Stickleback), j Higham, at least
,, trachurus (Rough-tailed Stickleback). > two. Rev. C. H.
,, se7}iiarmahis (Half-armed Stickleback.) ) Fielding.
Physostomi.
Cyprimis carpio (Carp). — Medway.
Gobio gobio (fluviatilis) (Gudgeon).
Tinea tinea=vtclgaris (Tench). — Medway and ponds.
Abraniis brama (Bream). — Plentiful in Medwa}-.
Riitilics ( Leueiseus) riiiihis (Roach). — Very common.
Letieiseus leuciseics^^vulgaris (Dace). — Common in Medway.
„ cephahis (Chub). — Very common in Medway.
,, ( Scardinius ) erythrophthalnms (Rudd). — Medway and dykes.
Alburims hieidus (Bleak). — Medwaj^ as sardines ? !
Pho.xi?ncs (Leueiseus) phoximis (Minnow). — River and streams,
Gobitis ( Nemaehihis ) barbat2cla (Stone-L/oach). — In brooks that feed
the Medwa^^
Esox lueizis (Pike). — Medway, Tovil stream, etc.
Salnio salar (Salmon). — Thames and Medway, passing through our
district.
,, iruiia (Trout). — Medway, etc. Occasional.
,, fario (Common or Brown Trout).— Many of our rivers and
streams. Medway. Rev. C. H. Fielding.
Osmerus eperlamis (Smelt). — Medway, Aylesford to Rochester.
57
Clupea alba (White-bait) ? — Thames, Upper and Lower Hope Reaches,
etc.
,, finta (Twaite Shad). — Formerlj'' common in Thames to Green-
wich.
,, alosa (Allis Shad). — Rare in Thames.
Anguilla a7ig^dlla=^vtdgarh (Eel).
var: actdirostris (Sharp-nosed Eel). ) Rivers, ponds, and dykes.
,, lathosij-is (Broad-nosed Eel), i Rev. C. H. Fielding.
Chondrostei.
^^rz/S'^w^^r^/z^rz^ (Sturgeon),— One caught at Allington Lock. (Field-
ing).
Cyclostomi.
Petromyzon marinus (Sea Lamprey). — Thames, throughout district.
Lampetra fiuviatilis (River Lamprey). — Medway. (Fielding).
,, planera-branchialis ? (Planer's Lamprey). — In district? prob-
ably.
58
Land and Fresh Water Shells of the
Rochester District.
LAND.
Succi7iea elegans. — Snodland, etc. Widely distributed, banks, ditches,
among sedge, etc.
,, putris. — Aylesford, etc. Widely distributed, banks, ditches,
among sedge, etc.
Zonites pellucida. — Higham, etc.
,, cellarius. — Rochester, etc. Under stones, etc., woods and
hedgerows.
,, alliarius. — Cobham, etc. Under stones, on mossy banks, etc.
,, nitidiila. — Rochester, etc. Common. Woods, hedgerows,
leaves, etc.
,, pui7is. — -Cobham. etc. Woods, under stones, moss, etc.
,, radiahihis. — Cobham, etc. Among moss, decayed leaves, etc.
,, 7iitidus. — Cobham, etc. Among moss, decayed leaves, etc.
,, crystallinns. — Cobham, etc. Among moss, dead leaves, etc.
,, glabra. — Rochester, etc. Under stones, etc.
_^, fiilvus. — Cobham. Woods, damp places.
var : co7npacta.—Ay\&siord. — Woods, damp places.
Acanthimila aculeata. — Rochester, etc.
Helix aculeata.
,, aspersa. — Common and general. Very variable,
var : zo?iata. — Rochester.
,, undulata. — Chatham.
,, nevioralis. — General. Hedgerows, gardens, etc.
,, var: co7iica.
,, hortensis. — Loose, etc. Hedgerows, gardens, etc.
,, arbndorum. — Not uncommon. Woods, hedgerows, river sides.
,, var: maimorata. — Loose, etc.
,, ,, flavescens. — Loose, etc.
,, ca7iHaua. — Loose, etc. Grassy banks, hedgerows. General.
var : alba.
,, rufesceiis>—OG.n&r2i\. Common under stones, among moss, etc.
var : depressa. — Rochester.
„ hispida. — General. Common among moss, under stones, etc.
,, virgata. — Not uncommon. Sand}' places, open downs, etc.
var : albica7is. — Not uncommon.
59
Helix aaileata.
,, caperata. — Not uncommon. Grass stalks, dry sandy soil, etc.
var : albicans. — Not uncommon.
,, ornata. — Aylesford.
,, rotundata. — General. Under stones, in moss, etc.
,, V2x: globosa. — Cobham, etc.
,, itala. — Rochester.
,, pygmcea. — Cobham.
,, ptdchella. — Rochester.
, , lapicida — Rochester, etc.
,, pomatia. — Near Maidstone. (Histor)- of County of Kent),
Bnlimus obscur^is. — Tree trunks, Higham, Upnor, etc.
Pupa U7nbilicata. — Borstal, etc. Among stones, under trees and leaves.
,, vniscomm. — Borstal, etc.
Balea petversa. — Snodland, etc. On trees, among lichens, etc.
Cla7csilia 7-olphii. — Loose, etc.
,, laminata. — Higham, etc. On tree trunks, etc.
„ biplicata. — Manj^ localities.
Cayychium vii7iivium. — Cobham, etc. Among moss, etc.
Cyclostoma elegans. — Common on chalk banks.
FRESH WATER.
SphacTinvi cormeum. — Aylesford, etc. Rivers, ponds, etc.
,, lacustre. — Cobham, etc. Rivers, ponds, etc.
Pisidiuvi Jo7itinale. — Cobham. Scarce. In ponds near Upnor, etc.
,, pusilluni. — Cobham. Weed}- ponds, etc.
Unio picto7-nm. — Cobham, etc. Canals, ponds, etc.
Anodo7ita cygnea. — Cobham, etc. Canals, ponds, etc.
var : arenaria. — Cobham, etc.
N'e?-iti7ia Jluviatilis .Snodl3.nd, etc. Slow running streams.
,, var : 7iigresce7is. — Snodland.
Pahidi7ia vivipara, — Aylesford, etc. Slow running water, etc.
Bithyniia teiitactclata. — Snodland, etc. Slow running water, etc.
Valvata pisci7ialis. — Aylesford and Cobham. Ponds, slow streams,
etc.
,, cristata. — Cobham. Ponds, slow streams, etc.
Pla7i07-bis albus. — Loose, etc. Slow streams, stagnant pools, etc.
,, vo7-tcx. — Loose, etc. Slow streams, stagnant pools, etc.
,, cari7iat7cs. — Snodland. Slow streams, stagnant pools, etc.
,, co7-7i('ns. — Rochester Mr. Oakeshott. Ponds.
,, twibilicata. — Snodland. Mr. Oakeshott. Ponds.
Physa fo7iti7ialis. — Loose, Chatham, Rochester. Hepworth.
Li^rmea stag7ialis. — Rochester. A few ponds, probably deposited there.
,, pahistris. — Snodland. Marshy places and stagnant pools.
,, pe7-egra. — General. Very common. Ponds, streams, etc. Very
L variable.
P ,, var: i7iflata. Loose.
,, trimcattda. — Snodland, Upnor. Creeks in great numbers.
Assema7i7iia graya7ia. — Snodland.
61
Butterflies & Moths of Rochester District.
BUTTERFLIES and Moths obtain their food from the plant world
and as our District is very rich in plant life, it is also as we
should expect, very rich in these insects. The total number for the
whole County given in a recent " Label List," is 973, and the result of
the labours of the late Mr. W. Chaney and others has demonstrated the
existence in our limited area of 524, i.e., 51 per cent.
This list of insects, with the short remarks attached, will prove of
great service to the Lepidopterist whether dweller in or visitor to our
towns. English names, though differing largely in different parts of
the Country, are added from Label List above mentioned.
N.B. — The figures indicate the month or months when the insect flies.
RHOPALOCERA.
Papilionid^.
Papalio viachaon (Swallow Tail). — Does not appear to be a native of
our district, but occasionally makes its appearance here.
One taken by Mr. W. Chaney on Darland Hill in 1857.
PlERID^.
Pieris craicrgi (Black Veined White). — Formerly extremely abundant
in this district, now apparently extinct.
,, brassiccc (Large White). — Generally abundant. May and
August (5 and 8).
,, ?-a/><^ (Small White). — Abundant everywhere. May and August.
,, napi (Green Veined W^hite). — Abundant everywhere.
Anthocharis cardamines (Orange Tip). — Common. Wood and lanes
5-6.
Leiicophasia si7iapis (Wood White). — Common in Wigmore Wood in
1850. Since has disappeared. 5 and 8.
Gonopteryx rhamni (Brimstone).— Common. 7-9 and 3-6.
Colias edusa (Clouded Yellow). — In some years not uncommon about
clover fields and railway banks. 8-10.
„ hyalc (Pale Clouded Yellow). — Less Common than above.
Frequents lucerne fields.
Nymphai^id^.
Argynnis paphia (Silver-washed Fritillarj^). — Seen on several occasions
by Mr. Chaney but never taken. Wigmore Wood.
„ aglaia (Dark-green Fritillary) — One taken in Chattenden
Roughs in 1858.
Argy7inis adippe (High-brown Fritillary). — One taken as above in 1872.
,, lathonia (Queen of Spain Fritillary). — Rare. Two specimens
taken near Chattenden, 1857.
,, ^2^^/;r^y/;i (Pearl-bordered Fritillary). — Common. Woods. 5-6.
,, selenc (Small-bordered Fritillary). — Uncommon. Chattenden
Roughs. 6.
Melitaa athalia (Heath Fritillary). — 'Formerly abundant in Chattenden
Roughs. 5-7.
Va7iessa tu-tica (Small Tortoiseshell). — Common. 7-9. Appearing
alter hibernation ver\' early in the year.
,, polychloros (Large Tortoiseshell). — Common where elms
abound. 7 and 8.
,, «?i/zf/»a (Camberwell Beauty). — Rare. Several specimens taken
in district, 1872.
,, io (Peacock). — Abundant. 7-9.
,, atalanta (Red Admiral). — Common. 8-9.
„ cardui (Painted I^ady;. — Generall}' common. 8-9.
Limenitis sibylla (White Admiral). — Mr. Chaney believed this to be
extinct in this district. 6-7.
Apaturid,^.
Apatura iris (Purple Emperor). — Not uncommon in Chattenden
Roughs, Cockham Woods ? 7-8.
Satyrid.-H.
Melanargia ( Pararge) galatea (Marbled White). — Abundant in many
parts of district.
Satyrns (Pararge) ageria (Speckled Wood). — Abundant in woods.
4-5 and 7-8.
,, semcle (Grayling). — Burham and Cuxton Downs, etc. 7-8.
,, megm-a (Wall). — Abundant. Lanes and waste places. 4-5 and
7-8.
,, janira (Meadow Brown). — Common and abundant. 7-9.
,, tithonus (Small Brown). — Abundant in West of Medway, less
so on East. 7-8.
,, hyperanthiis (Ringlet). — Abundant in Woods. 7.
Chortobius pamphilus (Small Heath). — Fields. 5-6 and 8-9.
Lyc^ned^.
Thecla behilce (Brown Hairstreak). — Occasional in Chattenden Roughs.
Larvae found in blackthorn. 6-7.
,, r?^(6z (Hairstreak). — Not uncommon in Wigmore Woods 5-6.
,, qitcrcus (Purple Hairstreak).— Common. Chattenden Roughs,
etc. 7-8.
,, w-albiim (White Letter Hairstreak). — Chattenden Roughs,
Upnor and Chattenden lanes. 6-7.
PolyomniaUis phlceas (Small Copper). — Common and General. 5-6 and
7-9-
LyccBna A^gon (vSilver-Studded Blue).— Holly Hill, 4 specimens, 11-2,
1858. Mr. Chaney.
,, agcstis (Scotch Brown Argus).— Common. Chalk banks and
downs. 5-9.
63
Lycmia alexis (Common Blue). — Abundant in grassy places. 5-9.
,, adonis (Clifton Blue). — Chalky Banks and Lanes, Burham and
Cuxton Downs, Darland Hill, etc. 5-9.
„ corydon (Chalk-hill Blue). — Abundant as above and Chattenden
Roughs. 7-9.
,, alsus (Ivittle Blue).— Smallest of our Butterflies. Many of our
Woods. 5-6.
,, argiohis (Holly Blue). — Not common. Darland Hill, Wigmore,
Chattenden. 5-8.
Hesperid^.
Syrichtlnis alveohis (Grizzled Skipper). — Common in Woods. 5-6.
,, var: Lavateics. — Has been taken in Wigmore Wood
and Chattenden Roughs.
Thanaos tages (Dingy Skipper). — Chalky Lanes, settling upon stones,
earth and clods. 5-6.
Hesperia sylvamcs (Large Skipper). — Common in Woods and Woody
places. 5-6.
,, comma (Silver-spotted Skipper). Common on Cuxton and
Burham Downs, etc. 8.
,, linea (Small Skipper). — Abundant on Lodge Hill, less com-
mon in Woods. 7- 8.
HETEROCERA.
Sphingid^.
Acherontia atroptis (Death's Head Hawk). — Larva and pupa in potato
fields. 9-10.
Sphinx f07ivolvuli (Convolvulus Hawk). — Sporadic. 9.
,, ligtistri (Privet Hawk). — Abundant, particularly larva on lilac
and privet. 5-8.
Deilephila gallii (Bedstraw Hawk). — Taken at Gillingham, 29th
August, 1859.
Chcerocampa elpenor (Great Elephant Hawk). — (Food plant Epilobitmi
hirsuhan'). Not common. 6.
Smefinthus ocellatus (Eyed Hawk). — Not common. 5-7.
,, populi (Popular Hawk). — Larvae on Black Lombardy Poplars.
6-8.
;, tilia; (Lime Hawk). — Not uncommon on Lime. 6-8.
Macroglossa stellatarum (Humming Bird Hawk). — Gardens, etc. Com-
mon. 4-9.
,, fucifoimis (Bee Hawk). — Wigmore and Park Woods, etc. Not
common. 6.
Sesiid^.
Sesia myopiformis (Red-belted Clearwing). — Orchards, etc. Burrow in
trunks and boughs of apple trees. 6-7.
,, culicifoimis (Large Belted Clearwing). — Chattenden Roughs,
not common. Larvae burrow in trunks of birch. 5-6.
,, cynipiformis (Yellow-belted Clearwing). — Chattenden Roughs.
Larva and pupa in stumps of felled oaks. 6.
,, beinbcciformi& (Lunar Clearwing). — Chattenden. Uncommon.
6-7.
64
Sesia ( 1 rochiliuni ) apiformis (Hornet Moth). — Chattenden. Uncom-
mon. 5-6.
„ tiptdiformis (Currant Clearwing). — Common. Gardens. 6-7.
Zyg.^nid.'E.
Zygcena trifolii C Five-spotted Burnet). — Not common. Chattenden.
6-7.
,, lo7iicerce (Narrow-bordered Burnet). — Common. Chattenden.
6-7.
,, filipendidcc (Six-spotted Burnet). — Cuxton Downs, etc. 7-8.
Porcris ( Ino) statices (Forester). — Meadows near Chattenden. Un-
common. 6.
NOLID^.
Nola ciicullatella (Short-Cloak). — Larvae, etc., common on Hawthorn.
6-7.
,, t;75/?\xWUrminQ:). — In gardens, etc. 6-7.
,, (Spilosouia) menthastri (White Ermine).— Woods and gardens
5-6.
ElPARID.^.
Liparis chrysorrhea (Brown Tail).— Chattenden, Rainham. Earvse
strip off every leaf from hawthorn in some years. 6-7.
,, atiriflua (Gold Tail). — Common. 7-8.
Leticoma salicis (Satin Moth).— Common on black and Eombardy
poplars. 7.
Ocneria dispar (Gipsy). — Rarely taken at large. Reared from ^%%.
Psihtra monacha (Black Arches). — Uncommon. Mr. Walker took one
in Cobham woods, July 1870.
Orgyia pudibunda (Pale Tussock). — Earva (hop-dog) in Hop-gardens.
4-7-
,, antiqiia (Vapourer). — Abundant. 9-10.
BOMBYCID.E.
Devias coryli. — Wigmore, not uncommon. 5-6.
TricJmira cratcegi (Pale Eggar).— Earvae on white-thorn and black
thorn. 8-9.
Eriogaster lanestris (Small Eggar).— Earvae cluster nest-like in black-
thorn. 1-2.
Bcvibyx netistria (Tree Eackey). — Earvse abundant in hedges. 9.
,, castrensis (Ground Eackey), — Thames and Medway Saltings.
,, rubi (Fox Moth). — Earvae common. 5-6.
,, quercus (Oak Eggar;. — Everywhere abundant. 6-8.
Odoncstis potatofia (Drinker). — Abundant, grassy banks. 7-8.
Lasiocampa qtiercifolia (Eappet). — Not Common. 6-8.
Saturnid^.
Sat^ir-nia carpini (Emperor). — Not common. 5.
URAPTERYGIDtE.
Urapteiyx sambucaria (Swallow Tail). — Woods and lanes. Common.
7-9-
Ennomid^.
Epione apiciaria (Dark-bordered Beauty). — Not common. 7-8.
,, advenaria (Eittle Thorn). — Scarce. 5-6.
66
Rtcmia cratcpgata (The Brimstone). — Abundant everywhere. 5-6.
Venilia mactdaria (Speckled Yellow). — Woods, common. 5-6.
Aiigeronia pmnatia (Orange Moth). — Not uncommon in woods. 6-7.
Metrocavipa margaritaria (lyight Emerald;. — Woods, not common. 6-g.
Ellopia fasciaria (Barred Red). — A pine feeder, not common here.
Darland Hill. 6-7.
Eurymene dotobraiia (Scorched Wing). — Wigmore, Chattenden Roughs,
etc. Not common. 5-6.
Pericallia gyri7igaria (Lil^c Beauty). — Wigmore, Chattenden Roughs,
etc. Not common, 7-8.
Selenia ilhuiaiia (Early Thorn). — Abundant in Woods. 7-8.
,, /7^7zar/a (Lunar Thorn). — Woods and hedges. Not common. 5-6.
,, z7//^5/r«rm (Purple Thorn). — Chattenden. etc. Uncommon. 4-7.
Odo7itopera bidentata (Scalloped Hazel). — Woods, Common. 5-6.
Crocallis elmgnaria (Scalloped Oak). — Wood and lanes. Common. 8.
Ennovios tiliaria (Canary-Shouldered Thorn). — One taken in district,
1861. 10.
,, ^r/'0.ya;7a (September thorn). — Rare. Wigmore, Cobham.
,, a«^«/a;7a (August Thorn). — Woods and lanes. Common. 8-9.
Amphidas\d,^.
Himera pennaria (Feathered Thorn). — Rather Common. 11-12.
Phigalia pilosaria (Pale Brindled). — Beaut5^ Male found on palings,
etc, wingless female rarely seen at large. 1-2.
Biston hirtaria (Brindled Beauty). — Not common. Darland Hill, etc. 3-4.
Amphidasys beUdarhis (Peppered Moth). — Wigmore, Darland, etc.
Not Common. 5-7.
,, prodromarius (Oak Beauty). — Not common. Wigmore, etc. 3-4.
BOARMIID.^J.
Hemerophila abrziptaria (Waved Umber). — Uncommon, on lilac. 5.
Cleora Uchenaria (Brussels Lace). — Not uncommon. Darland, etc. 6-8.
Boarj?iea repaiidaia (Mottled Beauty). — Abundant, Woods and lanes.
,, repandata var : Conversaria is rare.
,, rho77iboidaria (Willow Beautv). — Common. Woods and lanes.
7-8.
,, 7-^ (5'^ra;7a (Great Oak Beauty). — Cobham woods. Uncommon. 7.
,, co7isortaria (Pale Oak Beauty). — Not uncommon. 5-7.
Tephrosia co7iso7iaria (Square Spot). — Locally abundant. 4-6.
,, crcpuscidaria (Small Engrailed). — Common. Wigmore, etc. 2-5.
,, (^^■^^?^a'^^/ar^■« (The Engrailed).— Woods. Common. 4-6.
,, extersa7-ia (White Spot). — Uncommon. 5-6.
,, punctidata (Grey Birch). — Woods. Common. 5-6.
Gjiophos obsc7C7-a)-ia (The Annulet). — Burham Downs. Not uncommon.
August.
Geometrid.^.
Pse7idote>p7ia cyiisaria (Grass Emerald). Chattenden. Not common.
July.
Geomct7-a papilio7ia7-ia (Large Emerald). — Wigmore Wood, Chattenden.
June-July.
„ ver/iaria (Small Emerald).— Darland. Wigmore, Chattenden.
June-Jul}'.
67
lodis lactearia (Least Grass Kmerald). — Abundant in Woods. May-
August.
Rhorodesma hajulana (Maid of Honour). — Wigmore, ChattendeDj etc.
Not uncommon. June-July.
Hemithea thymiaria (Common Kmerald). — Woods. Common. June-
July.
Ephyrid^.
Ephyra porata (False Mocha). — Not uncommon in Woods. May-
August.
,, punctaria (Maiden's Blush), — Wigmore, Chattenden. Not un-
common. May- August.
,, trilinearia (Clay Triple-lines). — Not common. Wigmore.
June-July.
,, oiiiicronaria (The Mocha). — Common in Woods. May-August.
,, orbicnlaria (The Dingy Mocha). — Rare. Chattenden. May
and August.
,, pe7idularia (Birch Mocha). — Wigmore Wood. Not common.
May-June.
ACIDALID^.
Asthena hcteata (The Yellow Wave). — Chattenden, Wigmore. June-July.
,, candidata (Small White Wave). — Abundant. Woods and lanes.
April-June.
,, sylvata (Waved Carpel). — Wigmore Wood. Not common.
June-July.
,, sctUulata (Single Dotted Wave).— General. Not common.
June-August.
,, bisetata (Fan-fooled Wave). — Common. Woods and lanes. July.
Acidalia trigeminata (Treble Brown Spot). — Wigmore, etc. Uncom-
mon. June and July.
., rusticata (Least Carpet)— Higham onlj-. July.
,, dihitaria (Cream Dart Wave). — Woods and lanes. Abundant.
July.
,, incanaria (Dusky Cream Wave). — Common in lanes. May and
August.
,, ^r;/ai'rt (The Lace Border). — Grassy chalk hills and banks. Not
uncommon. June-August.
,, promutata (Mullein Wave). — Not common. Walls and fences.
May and August.
,, subsericeata (^2X\r\'^2i.\€). — Not uncommon. Chattenden. June.
,, rejuntata (Cream Wave). — Very common. Woods. May- June
and August.
,, unita)-ia (Lesser Cream Wave). — Not common. Wigmore, etc.
July.
,, eimitaria (Rosy Wave). — Upchurch marshes. Sea walls.
August.
,, aversata (Riband Wave). — Woods. Common. June-July.
,, hioryiata (Plain Wave). — Chattenden, etc. Uncommon. June
and July.
,, emarginata. (Small Scallop). — Wigmore, etc. Not uncommon,
July-August.
Timandra amataria (The Blood- Vein). — Chattenden. Hoc Marshes.
June-August.
Caberid^.
Cabera pusaria (White Wave). — Ivanes and Woods. Abundant.
May-June.
,, rotundaria (Round-winged Wave). — Rare.
„ exantheviata (Common Wave). — Woods. Very common.
June-July.
„ tamiyiata (White Pinion Wave). — Woods. Very common.
May-June.
Macai-ia natata (Sharp Angled Peacock). — Wigmore Wood. Rare. June.
,, lihLvata (The Tawny Barred). — Wigmore Wood. — Not com-
mon. May-June.
Halia wavaina (V. Moth). — Abundant in gardens. August.
FlDONID^.
Straiia clathrata (Latticed Heath). — Common in Woods, in fields
of lucerne, etc. April-Jul5^
Pa7iagra petraria {^XQSNW Silver I,ine). — Scarce. Wigmore. May -June.
Numeria pidveraria (Barred Umber). — Not uncommon. Wigmore, etc.
May-June.
Fidonia atomaria (Common Heath). — Common in Woods, Clover fields.
April-June.
,, pi7iiaria (Bordered W^hite). — Feeds upon Scotch Firs. Darland
Hill. May-June.
,, consphiiata. — Rare. Two specimens taken. May and August.
Minoa etcphoibiata (Drab Looper). — Not uncommon. Feeds on wood
spurge. May-June.
Scoria dealbata (Black-veined Moth). — Local. Becoming scarce.
May-July.
Aspilates strigillaria (Grass Wave). — Common. Chattenden Woods,
etc. May-June.
„ citraria (Yellow Belle). — Seawalls. Upchurch and Hoo
Marshes. May and August.
,, gilvaria (Straw Belle). —Common on Downs. August.
ZERENID.^i.
Abraxas g7-ossula7'iata (The Magpie). — Too abundant in gardens.
Julj^ and August.
,, 7iliuata (Clouded Magpie). Not uncommon here, a more
Northern species.
Ligidia adicstata (Scorched Carpet). — Woods, etc., about spindle tree.
April-July.
Lo7>iaspilis viargiiiata (Clouded Border). — Common in woods. May -July.
Hybernid^E.
Hybc77ii'a r7ipicap7'aria (Early Moth). — Abundant. Woods and hedges.
December- April.
,, letuophcaria (Spring Usher). — Common in Woods. January-
March.
,, aiira7iatia7-ia (Scarce Umber). — Not common. Wigmore, etc.
Novetuber and December.
69
Hybernia progemviaria (Dotted-border Umber). — Woods. Abundant.
February- April .
,, defoliaria (Mottled Umber). — Common in woods. December.
Anisopteryx cEscularia (March Moth), — Common in woods. February-
April.
lyARENTID^.
Cheviatobia brumata (Winter Moth). — Everywhere abundant. Sep-
tember-February.
Oporabia dihitata (November Moth). — Common in woods. October-
November.
Larentia didymata (Twin-spot Carpet). — Common in woods, July.
,, olivata (Beech Green Carpet). — Common in woods. Darland,
etc. July-August.
,, pedhiitaria (Green Carpet). — Woods. Common. June-July.
Emmelesia affinitata (The Rivulet). — Chattenden, Upnor, etc. May
and June.
,, alchemillata (Small Rivulet). — Scarce. Wigmore, etc. June-
July.
,, albiilata (Grass Rivulet). — Uncommon. Chattenden. June.
„ unifasciata (Haworth's Carpet). — Uncommon. Wigmore, etc.
July-August.
Etipithecia venosata (Netted Pug). — Lanes about cornfields, etc.
Larvae feed on silene. Uncommon. June-July.
„ linariata (Toad-flax Pug). — Larvae feed on seed of Hnaria
vulgaris. June and July.
,, centaureata (Lime Speck). — Lanes, etc. Not uncommon.
July and August.
,, subfidvata (Tawny Specked Pug). — Gillingham. Uncommon.
„ ^/«/;/(^£'^/«/« (Lead-coloured Pug). — Uncommon. Woods. May
and June.
,, isogrammata (Haworth's Pug). Uncommon among clematis.
July.
,, castigata (Grey Pug). — Chattenden, Wigmore Woods, etc.
Uncommon. May and June.
,, lariciata (Larch Pug). — Wigmore Woods. Not uncommon on
larches. May and June.
„ s2ibnotata (Plain Pug). — Chattenden, etc. July.
,, cavipajudata (Campanula Pug). — Wigmore Woods. Rare.
,, vzdgaia (Common Pug). — Woods, gardens, lanes. Very com-
mon.. May and June.
„ absinthiata (Wormwood Pug). — Wigmore, etc. Larva on
Golden Rod. June and July.
,, assimilata (Currant Pug). — Near Upnor. Not common. May
and August.
,, teniata (Slender Pug). — Chattenden Roughs. Rare.
,, abbreviata (Brindled Pug). — Wigmore. Not uncommon.
March and April.
,, exiguata (Mottled Pug). — Wigmore, etc. Not common. April
and May.
,, coronata (Coronet Pug). — Woods and hedges. Feeding on
flowers of clematis. Not common. May and June.
Etipithecia Tectangidata (Green Pug). — Orchards and gardens. Very
common. June and July.
Lobophora sexalata (Small Seraphim). — Rare. Chattenden Roughs.
Mr. Walker.
Thet'a jtiniperata (Juniper Carpet). — Burham and Cuxton Downs, etc.
October.
,, obeliscata (Shaded Broad-Bar). — Firs, Darland Hill, etc. Not
Common. June and September.
,, firmata (Fine Carpet). — Darland, etc. Not common. June,
July and September.
Hypsipetes elutata (Ruddy High Flier). — Abundant. Woods and lanes.
July-August.
Alelanthia nibiginata (Blue Border Carpet).— Chattenden. Not com-
mon. June and July.
„ (jr^-Z/a/a (Purple Border Carpet). — Not Common. Wigmore, etc.
May-August.
,, albicillata (Beautiful Carpet). — Chattenden, Wigmore, etc.
Not uncommon. June-July.
Melanippe hastata (Argent and Sable). — One specimen taken in
Wigmore.
„ procdlata (Chalk Carpet). — Wigmore, etc. Not uncommon.
June-July.
„ rivata (Wood Carpet). — Wigmore, Darland, etc. Not common.
June-July.
,, snbtristata (Common Carpet). — Woods and Lanes. Very
Common. April, May and August.
,, montanata (Silver Ground Carpet). — Abundant, woods and
lanes. May-June.
,, galiata (Bedstraw Carpet). — Cuxton, Cobham wood. July-
August.
,, Jiiictuata (Garden Carpet). — Abundant everywhere. April-June.
Anticlea rubidata (The Flame). — Darland Hill. Not common. March-
May.
,, badiata (Scorched Carpet). — Woods and Lanes. Common.
March- May.
,, derivata (Streamer). — Chattenden, etc. Not common. April-
May.
Coremia prop2ignata (Flame Carpet). — Wigmore woods, etc. Uncom-
mon. Ma)^ July and September.
„ ferrugata (Red Twinspot Carpet). — Woods and lanes. Common.
May-August.
„ unideiitaria (Dark-Barred Carpet). — Chattenden. Uncommon.
Maj^-June.
„ qiiadrifasciaria (Large-Barred Carpet). — Cobham woods. Mr.
J. j. Walker. " July.
Camptogramma bilineata (Yellow Shell). — Abundant everywhere.
June-August.
Phibalapteryx tersata (The Fern Moth). — Common where clematis
grows. June-July.
„ vitalbata (Small Waved Umber).— Common where clematis
grows. April, June, and August
71
Scotosia (Triphora) dicbiiata (The Tissue). — Wigmore Woods. Not
common. May and August.
,, vetnlata (Brown Scallop). — Chattenden, not common ; Wigmore,
scarce. Jul5^
,, rhani7iata (Dark Umber). — Not common. Larvae on buck-
thorn. Julj'-August.
,, 7indulata (Scallop Shell). — Woods, Wigmore, Chattenden, etc.
Scarce. June-July.
Cidaria viiata (Autumnal Carpet). — Darland Hill. Not common.
October.
,, picata (Cloaked Carpet). — Wigmore, Chattenden woods, etc.
Not common. July.
„ coylata (Broken-Barred Carpet). — Abundant in woods. Maj'-
June.
,, russata (Common Marbled Carpet;. — Common. Woods and
lanes. May, June, and August, etc.
,, imina7iata (Marbled Carpet). — Wigmore. Not common. July.
,, var. : marmorata also taken at Wigmore. August.
,, stiffumata (Water Carpet). — Wigmore, etc. Not common.
April-May.
,, testata (The Chevron). — Chattenden Roughs. April-May.
,, fulvata (Barred Yellow). — Woods. Common. June-July.
,, pyraliata (Barred Straw). — Wigmore, Chattenden. Not un-
common. June-July.
,, dotata (The Spinach). — Common in gardens. July -August.
Pelurga comitalaiJ^'AxV Spinach). — Gardens, etc., chenopodium. August.
Eubolia cei'vinaria (The Mallow). — Lawns and hedges. Larvae feed in
mallow. Not common. September-October.
,, mens7iraria (Small Mallow). — Abundant. Woods and lanes.
July-August.
„ pahunbaria (Lead Belle). — Chattenden Roughs. Common.
June.
,, bip7inctaria (Chalk Carpet). — Abundant. Chalk downs and
banks. July- August.
Anaitis plagiata (The Treble Bar). — Abundant. Woods and lanes.
June and August, September.
Chesias spartiata (The Streak). — Not uncommon. Wigmore. October-
November.
,, obliqtiaria (Broom Tip). — Wigmore Wood. Scarce. May.
Drepanuud^.
Platypterix lacertiila (Hook-Tip). — Not common. NearRainham. May
and August.
,, falaila (Pebble Hook-Tip). — Wigmore, etc. Not common.
May and August.
,, hamula (Oak Hook-Tip). — Wigmore, Chattenden, etc. Not
common. May, June, and August.
,, zc7ig7nc7ila (Barbed Hook-Tip). — Wigmore, Cuxton, etc. Not
common. May and August.
Cilix spi7i7ila (Chinese Character). — Hawthorn hedges and bushes.
April-May and July-August. Fairly common.
72
DlCRANURID.^.
Dicramira bifida (Poplar Kitten). — Inner Lines. Rare.
,, vijiula (Puss). — Occurs freel}^ where willows abound. From July.
Stauropus fugi (Lobster). — Found a few times. Wigmore, etc.
Petasia cassinea. — Rather rare. Wigraore. November.
Pygcera bucephala (Buflf-tip). Larvae abundant in lime trees. May-Jul}'.
NOTODONTID.^.
Ptilophora phuuigera (Dusky Prominent). ^ — Rare. Larvae on Maple.
Ptilodontis palpina (Pale Prominent). — Not common. Chattenden, etc.
June-July.
Notodo7ita cemelina (Coxcomb Prominent). — Common. Wigmore, etc.
June-August.
,, ziczac (Pebble Prominent). — Not common. Chattenden, etc.
Larva on Aspen.
,, //-,f/)/^fl; (Great Prominent). — Very uncommon. Chattenden. May.
,, dodo7icsa (Marbled Prominent). Wigmore, etc. Not common.
May-June.
Diloba ceruleocephala (Figure of Eight Moth).— Common. Larvae on
Hawthorn. September-October.
Cymatophorid^.
Thyatira de)-asa (Buflf Arches). — Wigmore Wood. Not uncommon. July.
,, baiis (Peach Blossom). — Common. Woods. May-August.
Cymatophora djiplaiis (Lesser Satin Moth). — Woods. June-July.
,, fltictuosa (Satin Carpet). — Scarce. June.
,, ^zV?^/(7 (Lesser Lutestring). — Common in woods. August-Sep-
tember.
„ ^r (Poplar Lutestring). — Woods. Common. June-July.
,, flavicornis (Yellow Horned). — Larvae taken Chattenden Roughs.
Bryophii.id^.
Bryophila perla (Marbled Beaut}^). — Old brick walls, etc. July- August.
BOMBYCOID^.
Acronycta tridens (Dark Dagger). — This and psi indistinguishable save
in larval state.
,, psi (Dagger). — Common and abundant. April-July.
,, aceris (Sycamore). — Generally distributed. May-July.
,, megacephala (Poplar Grey). — On poplars. Not common.
May-July.
,, ligustri (Coronet). — Woods, Wigmore, Chattenden, etc. June-
August.
,, rtanicis (Knot-grass). — Not common. July- August.
,, miricoma (Scarce Dagger). — Local double-brooded. May and
July-August.
Leucaniid^.
Leucania conigera (Brown Line). — Grassy woods and lanes. Common.
July-August.
„ lithargyria (The Cla)^.— As above (conigera). June- August.
,, impura (Smoky Wainscot).— Not very common. June-July.
., pallois (Common Wainscot). — Grassy woods and lanes. June-
September.
73
Apameid^.
Gortyyia flavago (Frosted Orange). — Onl}' one found. Larvae on thistles
and burdocks. September.
Hydroecia nictitans (Ear Moth). — Woods. Wigmore, Chattenden.
August-September.
,, micacea (Rosy Rustic). — A marsh insect generally. One taken.
September.
Axylia piitris (The Flame). — Not common. Wigmore Woods. July.
Xylophasia nirca (Clouded Brindle). — Not uncommon. Wigmore, etc
June-July.
,, litlwxylea (Light Arches). — Common in woods. June- August.
,, polyodon (Dark Arches). Common everj'where. June-July.
,, kepatica (Clouded Brindle). Common. Wigmore Woods, etc.
June-July.
Ne^iria saponarics (Bordered Gothic). — Uncommon. Wigmore, etc.
June-July.
Heliophobiis popularis (Feathered Gothic). — Said to occur in Chatten-
den Woods.
Cerigo cytherca (Straw Underwing). — Uncommon. Wigmore. August.
Lupeiina testacea (Lesser Flounced Rustic). — -Common. Flies to light
in houses, &c. August-September.
,, cespitis (Hedge Rustic). — Rare. Firs. One specimen. August.
Mamestra abjecta (Crescent Shaped Rustic). — Very Local. Jul)'.
,, bj-assicae (Cabbage Moth), — Common everywhere. May-Sep-
tember.
,, pe?-suaria' (The Dot). — Common in gardens, etc. June-July.
Apamea basilinea (Shouldered Knot). — Woods. June.
„ ^^wzVm (Dusky Brocade). — Wigmore. Not common. June-July.
,, oculea (Common Rustic). — Abundant. Variable. July- August.
Miana s^ft'gih's (Mavhled Minor). — Very variable. Abundant. June-July.
,, fasciunc7da (Middle-barred Minor). — Chattenden ' Roughs
(Farn).
,, literosa (Rosy Minor). — Darland Hills, etc. July- August.
,, fur2inacla (Cloaked Minor). — Darland Hill, etc. July-August.
,, arawsa (Dotted Buff). — Wigmore and Chattenden. June and
July.
Caradrinid^.
Grammesia tfilinea (Treble Lines). Woods, &c. June-Juh\
Caradrina moiphezts (Mottled Rustic).— Common in gardens, etc. June-
July.
,, alsincs (Dotted Rustic). — Common in gardens, etc. June-July.
,, bla7ida (The Rustic). — Common in gardens, etc. July.
,, ciibicularis (Mottled Rustic).— Common in gardens, etc. July-
September.
Rtcsifia tenebrosa (Brown Rustic). — Woods, Darland Hills, etc. Com-
mon. July-September.
NOCTUID^.
Agrotis suffusa (Dark Sword Grass Moth).
,, saticia (Pearly Underwing). — Scarce, and uncertain in its ap-
pearance.
74
Ag?-otis scgetuin (Turnip Moth). — Ever5'where abundant. June-
September.
., exclamatio7iis (Heart and Dart). — Everj'where abundant. June-
July.
,. corhcea (Heart and Club). — Chattenden. Common at sugar.
July-
,, cineria (High Feathered Rustic). — One specimen taken in 1873.
,, nigricans (Garden Dart). — Common everywhere. Julj^-August.
,, tritici (White Line Dart). — Garden flowers, lanes, etc. Com-
mon. Jnly-August.
,, ravida (Stout Dart). — Uncommon. Chattenden Roughs, etc.
Iriphcena ianthena (lyCSS-Broad-Bordered Underwing).— Fairly general,
woods, etc. July- August.
,, fimbria (Broad -Bordered Underwing). — Fairly general, woods,
etc. July-September.
„ i?ite7jecta (L,east Broad-Bordered Underwing).— Woods, general,
July-August.
,, orbona (Lesser- Yellow Underwing). — Abundant everywhere.
July-September.
,, promiba (Yellow Underwing). — Variable and abundant species.
July-September.
Noctua plecta (Flame-Shouldered Moth). — Gardens, etc. Not uncom-
mon. June-July.
,, c-nigrum (Lettered Gothic). — Common, woods and lawns.
June-September.
,, triajigtiluin (Double Spot Clay). — Common, woods. June-
August.
,, rhomboidea (Square Spot). — Rather rare. August.
,, ^rz^?/^^^; (Purple Clay). — Common. Woods and lanes. June-July.-
,, /estiva (Ingrailed Clay). — Abundant in woods and lanes. June-
July.
,, baja (Dotted Clay). — Abundant in woods and lanes. July-
August.
„ xanthographa (Square Spot Rustic). — Generally abundant.
Very variable. August-September.
Orthosid.E.
Trachea ( Pa7iolis) piniperda (Fine Beauty). — Larva feeds in fir. Not
common. April.
Pachnobia Iciccographa (White Letter). — Very local. March- April.
,, rzcbricosa (Red Chestnut). — Not uncommon on sallow. March-
April.
Tceniocampa gothica (Hebrew Character). — Abundant at sallow.
March-May.
,, instabilis (Clouded Drab). — Not uncommon on sallow. March-
May.
,, stabilis (The Quaker). — Not uncommon on sallow. April
and June.
,, gracilis (Powdered Quaker). — Not uncommon on sallow.
March-April.
„ miniosa (Blossom Underwing). — Not uncommon on sallow.
March-April.
Tceniocavipa munda (Twin-Spotted Quaker). — Not uncommon on sallow.
March- April.
,, criida (Small Quaker).— Abundant on Sallow. March-April.
Orthosia ypsilon (The Dismal).— One from trunk ofwillow. Snodland,-
March-June.
„ lota (Red-Lined Quaker). — Not common. Woods, general.
September-October.
,, viacilenta (Yellow Quaker). — Not uncommon. September-Oc-
tober.
Anchocelis T-ziftfia (Flounced Rustic).— Woods, etc. September-October.
,, pistachia (Beaded Chestnut).— Very variable species. Abund-
ant in woods and lanes. September-October.
„ /zc«^5« (Lunar Underwing). — Not common. Woods. September.
,, litura (Brown Spotted Pinion). — More common. Woods.
September-October.
Cerastis vaccinii (The Chestnut).— Everywhere abundant. October.
„ spadicea (Dark Chestnut). — Common. Woods, etc. October.
Scopelosoma satellitia (The Satellite). — Not uncommon. Wigmore, etc.
September-October.
Hopori7ia croccago (Orange Upper Wing). — Wigmore woods, etc.
March- May.
Xanthia cerago (The Sallow). — Wigmore woods, etc. Common.
September.
,, silago (Pink-Barred Sallow). — Wigmore woods, etc. Not com-
mon. September.
,, ferj-tighiea{The Brick). — Common in all woods. August-October.
CoSMIDyE).
Cosmia (Calymnia) trapezina (The Dunbar).— Common throughout
district. July-August.
,, diffinis (White-Spotted Pinion). — Not uncommon. July.
,, affi7iis (Lesser White-Spotted Pinion). — Widely distributed,
where elms are. July and August.
Hadenid^.
Eremobia ochroleuca (Dusky Sallow).— Not uncommon. In lanes and
woods. July-September.
Diaiithcecia carpophaga (Tawny Shears). ^Not common. June.
„ capsincola (The Lychnis). — Lanes, cornfields, etc. July and
August.
,, cucubali (The Campion). — Not common. July.
,, co7ispersa (Marbled Coronet). — Not uncommon. Woods, etc.
June-July.
Hecatera dysodea (The Ranunculus).— Gardens, etc. Not uncommon.
July.
_„ screna (Barred White).— Abound in all district. June-July.
Polia flavicincta (Large Ranunculus).— Only one specimen taken.
October.
Epicnda hdulenta (Brown Dart) —Not common Wigmore, etc.
September-October.
,, viminalis (Shoulder Knot).— Not common. Grove at Darland,
etc. July-August.
76
Miselia oxyacantha TBrindled Crescent). Common. Fir Grove, etc.
October.
Agriopis aprilhia (Marvel-de-jour).^Not uncommon. Woods, Fir
• Grove, &c. September-October.
Phlogopho7-a metindosa (Angle-Shades). — Everywhere abundant.
September-October.
Euplexia hicipara (Small Shades). — ^Common. Wigmore, Mark Oak
Woods, etc. June-July.
Aplecta occtdta (Dark Brocade). — Rare in S. England. One specimen
taken. July.
„ nebtdosa (The Grey Arches). — Common in all our woods.
June-July.
,, tincta (Silvery Arches). — Very uncommon. Wigmore. June-July.
,, advena (Pale Shining Brown). — Not common. Wigmore,
Darland, etc. June-July.
Hade?ia dentina (Grey Shears). — Common. Wigmore, Fir Grove, etc.
May-July.
,, cheyiopodii (The Nutmeg). — Not uncommon. Darland. May-
July-
,, S7iasa (The Dog's Tooth). Scarce. Higham Marshes, etc.
,, oleracea (The Bright Line). — Common. Gardens, etc. June-
July.
,, pisi (The Broom Moth). — Not common. Wigmore. June.
,, thalassina (Pale-Shouldered Brocade). — Common. Fir Grove,
etc. May-August.
,, contigua (Beautiful Brocade). — Very uncommon. Wigmore,
etc. June-July.
,, ge7iist(s (Light Brocade). — Ver}^ uncommon. Wigmore, etc.
Ma}' and June.
Xylinid^.
Xylocampa lithoriza (The Early Grey). — Generally on tree trunks in
autumn and winter.
Xylina 7-hizolitha (Grey Knot). — Wigmore, Firgrove, etc. September-
April.
,, semibrunnea (Tawny Pinion). — Rare. October.
Calocampa vetusta (Red Sword Grass). — Not common. Mark Oak
Wood, etc. September-October.
,, exoleta (Sword Grass). — Not common. Mark Oak Wood, etc.
October.
Cjicullia verbasci (Mullein Shark). — Larvae on mullein and figwort.
Subject to ichneumion attack.
,, asteris (Starwort Shark). — Not common. Larvae on golden rod.
June.
,, <:^aww;/z7/^ (Camomile Shark). — Scarce. One specimen taken.
May.
,, timbratica (The Shark). — Common on tree trunks, etc. Wide-
spread. June-July.
Hewothed^.
Heliodes arbnti (Small Yellow Underwing). — Not uncommon. Grassy
places. June.
77
ACONTID/E.
Acojitia luctiiosa (Four Spotted). — Cuxton Downs, etc., in bright sun-
shine (Walker). July.
Erastrid^.
Erastria fuscula (White Spot Marbled). — Chattenden, flying by day.
June.
Hypenid.-e;.
Hypcna proboscidalis (Large Snout). — Woods, among nettles. July-
August.
,, rostralis (Lesser Snout). — Woods, and frequents houses. June-
December, and March- May.
Hypenodes albistrigalis (White Streak). — Common. Woods, etc. July-
August.
„ cost CCS trigalis (Ribbed Streak). Not common. July.
Brephides.
Brephos parthenias (Orange Underwing). — Wigmore, etc., flying by
day. March-April.
„ notha (Light Orange Underwing). — Rare. Chattenden, etc.
March-April.
Plusid^. /
Abrosta iirticcc (Light Spectacle). — Wigmore Wood. One specimen.
July.
,, triplasta (Dark Spectacle). — Wigmore Wood. One specimen,
August.
Phisia chrysitis (Burnished Brass). — ^Common in lanes, about nettles.
"June-July.
,, iota i^Golden). — Not very common. Wigmore, etc. June-
August.
„ c. aureiun. — Not common. Wigmore, Chattenden, etc. June-July.
,, gamma (Silver). — Abundant everj^where. June-September.
GONOPTERID^.
Gonoptera libat7-ix (The Herald). — Common. Wigmore woods, etc.
May-September, and November- April.
., tragopogonis. — Common. Wigmore woods, etc. July-September.
TOXOCAMPIDCE.
Toxocampa pastinum (The Black Neck). — Not common. June-July.
CATOCAI.IDCE.
Catocala nupta (Red Underwing). — Not common. Woods, etc. July-
September.
EUCLIDIID^.
Euclidia vii (Mother Shipton). — Not common. Lanes and woods.
May-June.
>> glyphica (Burnet Companion). — Woods and meadows. June-
July.
POAPHILID^.
Phytometra ccnea (Purple Bar). — Uncommon. Chalk banks, etc. May-
June.
78
HERMINID/E.
Rivula sericealis (Straw Dot). — Wigmore, Chattenden, etc., common.
July.
Henninia (pechypogan) babalis (Common Fan-Foot).— Not common.
May and June.
Zanclognatha tarsipemialis (Fan-Foot). — Not common. June- August.
Pechypogon grisealis (Lesser Fan-Foot). — Common in all the woods. June.
SquamoS-*:.
Pyralisfimbiialis (Gold Fringe). — Chattenden. July.
,, farinalis (Meal Moth). — Common, Barns, etc. June-September.
,, glaucinalis (Double Striped). — Woods, fairly general. June
August.
Aglossa pinguinalis (Tabby). — Common in houses, etc. June-August.
,, cnprcalis (Small Tabby). — Scarce. Two specimens taken. July
LURID.B.
Pyrausta pnnicealis (Purple and Gold). — In woods generally, May-
August.
„ pn?p2iralis (Crimson and Gold). — Common in woods. May-
August.
,, ostrinalis (Yellow-Banded Purple). — Common in woods. June-
August.
Hcrbnla cespitalis (Dingy Purple). — Wigmore Woods, etc. Common.
May-July.
Ennychia anguinalis (Wavy Barred Sabe). — Not common. Wigmore,
etc. May-August.
„ octomaculalis (Eight-Spotted Sabes\ — Not Common. Wigmore,
etc. June-Jul5^
Endotricha flaimnealis (Rosy Flounced). — Wigmore, Chattenden, etc.
June-July.
Hydrocampid.*:.
Catadysta kmnalis (Small China Mark). — Common. Larvae feed on
Duckweed. May and July-August.
Hydrocavipa nymphcEalis (Brown China Mark).— Ponds. Common.
Larvae in potamogeton. June-August.
BoTYD.*:.
Botys pandalis (Bordered Pearl). — Not common. Wigmore Woods.
May-July.
,, hyalinalis (Straw Pearl). — Locally common. July-August.
,, verticalis (Mother of Pearl). — Everywhere abundant among
nettles. July-August.
,, fiiscalis (Dingy Pearl). — Hedgerows. Common. June-July.
,, urticalis (Small Magpie). — Among nettles. Abundant. June-
July.
Ebulea crocealis (Ochreous Pearl). — Among inula. Common. June-
July.
,, v£?-bascahs (Golden Pearl). — Not common. Chattenden. July.
,, sambucalis (Elder Pearl).— Hedges, etc. Among Elders. July.
Pionea forficalis (Garden Pebble). — Gardens. Common. May-June,
August-September.
79
Pionea straminalis (Chequered Straw). — Not common. Holly Hill,
etc. July-August.
Spilodes cinctalis (Yellowish Pearl). — Clover Fields, etc. July- August.
Scop2ila lutealis (Fulvus Pearl). — Scarce. One specimen. Holly Hill.
August.
,, olivalis (Olive Pearl). — Hedgerows. Common. June-July.
,, pr2inalis (Dusky Pearl). — Hedgerows. Common. July.
„ fervjigalis (Iron Grey). — Scarce. November.
Stenopteryx hybridalis. — Upchurch Marshes, etc. August-September.
SCOPARID^.
Scoparia ambigiialis (Small Brown Grey). — Common in woods.
,, cembralis (Large Grey).— Not common. On tree trunks, etc. July.
,, pyralalis (Hoary Grey). — Common in woods. Ma5^-June.
,, 7nerc7i7-ialis {Coxnva.oxi. Gre}-). — Common in woods. May-August.
Crambid^.
Platytes ceruselhis. — Common at Chattenden in 1875.
Crambus pratelhcs. — Everywhere abundant in grassy places. May -June.
,, pasciielhis. — Everywhere abundant in grassy places. June-July.
,, nliginosellus. — About Chattenden.
,, pinctellus. — Common on Cuxton Downs. July- August.
,, /£-;-///?«— Common. Darland Hill, etc. July-August.
,, warrhigtonelhis. — Common. Darland Hill, etc. Juh'-August.
,, tristelhis. — Common among grass. July-September.
,, inq^cinatelhis. — Common on chalk hills, etc. July- August.
,, geniciilclhis. — Meadows. Common. July- August.
,, cAilmelhis. — Everywhere abundant. June-July.
,, chrysonvchcllus. — Chattenden Roughs.
,, hortidellus. — Abundant everywhere. June-July.
Ilithyia carnella. — Downs generally. July- August.
Myehphila cribrella. — Darland, Four Elms Hill, etc. Jul}-- August.
Ephestia ^/z^/'(?//«.— Cuxton (Farn).
Cryptoblabes bistrigella. — Chattenden Roughs (Farn).
Phycid.e.
Phycis subornatella. — Nashenden (Walker), Cuxton Downs (Farn).
July-August.
„ roborella. — Not common. Chattenden, etc. July- August.
Rhodophcea consociella. — Common. Wigmore, etc. July- August.
,, marmorella. — Not common. Wigmore, etc. July.
,, tinnidella. — Common. Wigmore, etc. Jul3\
Oncocera alienella. — One specimen in Wigmore Woods. Juh'.
GALLERID.^t.
Melia sociella. — Common. Woods and lanes. July-August.
Meliphora alveariella. — Chattenden Wood. Rare. (Farn).
81
Beetles of Rochester District.
THE Beetle tribe is one of immense numerical extent, and the
British list is a very long one, numbering, according to
Catalogue by T. Hudson Beare, B.Sc, F.R.G.S., F.G.S., and
H. St. J. K. Donisthorpe, F.Z.S., F.G.S. (1904), 3262 species, of which
Mr. J.J.Walker, R.N., recorded in the "Rochester Naturalist" the
capture in our District of 1510, i.e. 46-3 per cent, of the whole. The
following list, with slightly altered and abridged remarks, is taken
from his record in the pages of the '' Rochester Naturalist," of species
collected within a seven-mile radius.
The majority of these, like the Lepidoptera are vegetable feeders,
often confining their attention to one or two plants ; but a considerable
number feed upon other insects, dead bodies of larger animals, etc.
Their wide ran^e of feeding and their ubiquity of habitat largely
accounts for their great number of specific forms.
ClCINDEWD.^.
Cicindela campesiris (Tiger Beetle) — General!}^ distributed.
Carabid.^.
Cychrzis rostrahcs. — Local. In rotten wood. Bredhurst, Boxley. Rare.
Carabus catemilatus. — Cobham Park. Occasional.
,, violaceus. — Generally common.
,, nemoj-alis. — Strood. Rare. In moss.
,, granulahis. — Snodland. Willow stumps.
,, monilis. — Chalky places. Queendown Warren, etc.
,, monilis var : consitus. — Rare. Formerly taken at Gillingham.
Notiophihis biguttahis. — In Moss, on paths, etc. Common.
,, stibst7-iahcs.—Qi^nQ.X2i\\y distributed.
,. aquatictis. — In Moss. Darland Hill, etc.
,, palustris. — In Moss. Dailand Hill, etc. Rather common.
,, 7-ufipes. — Cobham Park. Rare. Under logs.
Leishis fulvibai-bis. — Damp places. Snodland, Higham, Cobham Park.
,, spinibarbis. — Common. Under stones, etc.
,, ferrugineus. — Damp places. Snodland, etc.
,, nifesccus. — Damp places. Snodland, etc.
Nebria brevicollis. — Common everywhere. Under stones.
ElaphriLS mpre2(s. — Borders of ponds.
Loricerx pilicornis.—Yery common. Under logs, bark, etc. Cobham
Park.
Clivina fossor. — Flood rubbish, banks of Medwaj^, etc.
,, collaris. — Snodland, under boards in marshy places. Local,
rare.
DyschiHus salinus. — Muddy places. Common in spring.
„ globosus. — Flood rubbish. Snodland. Sometimes plentiful.
PanagcEus qiiadripiistulatus. — Moss on chalky banks. Cuxton, etc.
Rare, local.
Badisie?' biptishdatus. — Generally common. Moss in wet places, etc.
,, sodalis. — Snodland, in vegetable refuse. Scarce.
Licimts silphoides — Under stones on the chalk. Sometimes common.
,, depressus. — With above, but rarer.
Callishis hmatus. — Very rare. One specimen onl}^ taken. 2nd
October, 1894.
CJilceiihis vestitus. — Flood rubbish. Snodland. Not common.
Oodes he/opioides. — Medway bank, above Rochester.
Stenolophus vespertinns. — In marshy hollow at Higham Station.
Acupaipus flavicollis. ) ^^^ ^^^^^^ Used to be found not
" "^.'•^^"•^- rarely in wet moss, as above.
,, esignns var. iiirtdns. ) ■' '
,, nie7'idianus. — Found in flight on warm days. Common.
,, co7isputus. — Borders of ponds. Chattenden.
Bradycelhis verbasci ) Generally distributed, and rather common in
,, haipalinus ) moss by evening sweeping.
Harpahis sab^dicola. — Chalky banks near Bredhurst (Esam).
,, rotundicollis. — Under stones, clods etc.
,. piaictahdus. — Ditto, Darland Hill. Rare.
,. aztircus. — Ditto, chalky places. Common.
,, (izureiis var : similis. — With preceding. Occasional (Ksam).
,, ptuicticollis. — Under stones. Darland Hill. Rare.
,, 7-iifibarbis. — By sweeping. Chattenden, etc. Occasional.
,, parallelus. — Medway Banks, etc. Scarce (G. C. Champion).
,, ruficoi-?iis. — Common. Under stones, etc., and in gardens.
,, proteus. — Everywhere abundant. Under stones, etc.
,, 7-ubripes. — Common. Under stones, etc., on chalk. Cuxton, etc.
,, lahis. — Not common. Near Bredhurst (Esam).
„ caspius. — Under stones on the chalk. Common. Cuxton, etc.
,, tardus. — Rare in sandy places. Upchurch, etc.
Dichirotrichus obsoleins. — Salt Marshes. Rainham. Not common.
,, pubescais. — Salt Marshes of Medway. Not rare.
Anisodactylus poeciloides. — Found very rarely with preceding.
Zabj-tcs gibbits. — Cornfields, paths in summer. Not common.
Stoinis pumicatus. — Common, chalky banks, and in moss. Darland
Hill, etc.
Pterostichus ciipreics. — Common, under stones, on pathways, etc,
viadidus. — Very Common, under stones, on roads and pathways.
niger. — Under loose bark, Snodland, Cobham Park, etc.
vulgaris. — Abundant everj- where, under stones, etc.
nigrita. — Widely distributed in wet places.
stremius. — In moss, common, Higham, Chattenden, etc,
picimaiius. — In tufts of grass, etc.
i7iceqiialis. — In tufts of grass. Chattenden.
83
Pterostichus vefnalis. — In wet places. Widely distributed.
,, striola. — Under logs, etc. Cobham Park, and woody places.
Aniara apricaria. — On paths and fl3dng in sunshine. Common.
,, consulai-is. — Chalky places, understones. Not uncommon.
,, Co)ivexiusc2ila. — By sweeping reeds.
,, spiuipes. — Darland Hill, etc., under stones.
,, Patricia. — In chalky places, under stones. Burham Downs, etc.
,, bifrons. — Under stones. Rare, (^ueendown Warren.
,, ovata. — Under stones, in tufts of grass. Bredhurst (Ksam).
,, similata. — Under stones and on paths. Common.
,, acuminata. — Rare, in moss. Cuxton, etc.
,, tibialis. — In Chatham Dockyard, 1899.
,, fa??iiliai-is. — On paths, in moss, etc., generally common.
,, lucida. — On paths, under stones, etc. Abundant everywhere.
,, trivialis .—On paths, under stones. Very common.
,, comvuinis. — In moss, chief! 5' in chalk.
,, contimca. — Cobham Park. Rare.
,, plebeia. — Not common. Darland Hill, Strood, etc.
Calathtis cisteloides. — Abundant throughout district, under stones, etc.
,, ficscics. — One example, Gillingham.
,, w/i?/a;z^f^/»/;«/z^i-.— Everywhere common in moss and under stones.
Aviphigyynis piccns. — Cobham Park. Among dead leaves and under
logs. Common.
Taphria nivalis. — On Hailing Downs, under stones. Scarce.
Prisionychjcs terricola. — In houses, and occasionally among dead leaves.
Not common.
Anchomeyucs angusticollis. — Under loose bark, Cobham Park.
,, dorsalis. — Under stones, in moss, etc. Abundant.
,, albipes. — In wet places, Higham, Snodland, etc.
„ oblongtis. — In wet places. Chattenden and Snodland.
,, livens. — Snodland. Two examples in wet debris.
,, ?«ar^z?za/?^.y.— Occasional, in wet places. Chattenden, etc.
,, pai'iimptinctatns. — In moss, wet places. Chattenden, etc.
,, atratus. — Flood rubbish. Snodland. Not common.
,, vidinis \ In wet places and flood rubbish.
,, ,, var. vioestus ) The van more common than type.
,, micans.—\\\ flood rubbish. Medway banks. Scarce.
,, fuliginosus. — In flood rubbish and wet places. Common.
,, thoreyi. — With preceding, not rare.
,, pjiellus. — Snodland, in debris of reeds. Not common.
Olisthepus rottuidattis. — Understones and in moss. Widely distributed.
Bembidiznn qiniiq^iestriatuni . — On walls, under stones, etc. Scarce.
,, obttisum. — Common in moss. General.
„ gtittnla. — Flood rubbish, moss, &c. General.
,, bigjittatjim. — Flood rubbish, moss, etc. General.
,, ir7-icolor. — Medway banks. (Believed to hQBembidium,irricolor).
„ ripai'iuvi. — Brackish muddy places. Common.
,, cB7ie2im. — Flood rubbish. Medwa}'' banks. Rare.
„ assimile. — Flood rubbish. Scarce. Snodland, etc.
,, clarki. — In wet places. Rare. Higham, Strood (G.C.C.)
,, artic7ilatum. — In tufts of grass, herbage, etc. Not rare.
84
Bembidnim doris. — Wet banks of ponds. Chattenden, Cobham, etc.
,, minivmm. — Abundant in wet places.
,, normannum. — Brackish marshes of Medwa}'. Common.
,, gilvipes. — In moss. Chattenden. Not rare.
,, lampros. — Common in moss, on pathways, etc.
,, quadrigidtatum. — In wet muddy places. Not rare.
,, concinman. — Flood rubbish. Medwa}' banks above Rochester.
,, femoi-atuvi. — Sand}' places. Upnor, Gillingham, Upchurch, etc.
„ bruxellense. — Scarce. In dried-up ditch at Snodland.
,, littorale. — Flood rubbish. Medway banks.
,, fiavwmlatum. — Wet places. Snodland.
,, varium. — Muddy places and flood rubbish.
Tachypus flavipes. — Moss, dead leaves, etc. Common.
Trechns mimitus. — Under stones, among rubbish, etc. Common
everywhere.
,, ., var. obtuszis. — Among dead lea\'es. Cobham Park.
Pogonns chalccus — Salt marshes of Medwa}'.
Cymindis axillaris. — One specimen under stone, Burham Downs.
Lebia chloivcephala. — Moss, tufts of grass. Widely distributed but
scarce.
,, chlorocephala, var: chrysocephala. — In moss, and by sweeping.
Demetiias atricapilhis — Under stones, in rubbish. Generally common,
Dromiiis lincai is .—\w. damp places, moss, rubbish, etc. Everywhere
common.
,, agilis. — Under loose bark. Rare.
,, meridionalis. — Common under loose bark. Widely distributed.
,, qudrimacidatus. — Among loose bark and dead sticks, etc.
,, qiidrinotahis. — Among loose bark and dead sticks, etc.
,, melanocephalus. — In moss, rubbish, stack refuse. Common.
,, nigriventris. — Among rubbish, dead leaves, etc.
,. vectensis. — Flood rubbish. Medway banks. Rare (G.C.C.).
Blechius mauriis. — Moss, tufts of grass, etc., generally common.
Metablchis poveola. — In moss, dead leaves, etc., fairly comtnon.
,, truncatellus. — In moss, dead leaves, etc., fairly common.
,, obsctiro-giUtatus. — In moss, dead leaves, etc., fairly common.
Drypta dentata. — A few found in moss at Chattenden, 1S74. None
since.
Brachi^ius crepitaiis. — Under stones on chalk. Generally common.
Haliplid.^^.
Haliplus fuhnis. — In ponds.
,, 7-7ificollis. — Common in stagnant water.
,, fluviatilis. — With preceding, not common.
,, lincatocolas. — In ditches, common. Rainham.
PELOBIID.^i.
Pelobivs tardus.— In ponds, near Woodland Farm, Gillingham (Chaney)
DvTISCID.'Ii.
Noterus sparsiis. — Rather common in fresh water ditches.
Laccophihis intcrruptus. — In brackish ditches, scarce. Rainham.
Hyphydrics ovatus. — Common in stagnant water. Rainham, etc.
Cd'lavibzcs veisicolor. — In ditches, scarce. Rainham.
,, incEqiialis. — In ditches, common. Rainham.
, confluens. — ^Rare. In small pond at Upnor Sand-pit.
„ impressopiinctaUis, — In ditches at Rainham. Fairly common.
Hydroporiis pictus. — Common. Fresh water ditches. Snodland, etc.
,, dorsalis. — Stagnant water. Rather common.
» ,, Ihieahcs. — Rather common iu fresh water ditches. Rainham.
„ angustatus. — Rather common in fresh water ditches. Rainham.
,, pahist7-is. — Stagnant water. Common everywhere.
,, eyythrocephalus. — Ponds at Chattenden.
,, tnemnonhis. — Damp places. Sweeping at Chattenden. Rare.
„ pubescens. — Pond near Keeper's House, Chattenden. Common.
,, planus. — Pond near Keeper's House, Chattenden. Common.
,, Iitu7-at7is. ' -Vond near Keeper's House, Chattenden. Common.
Agabus didyvitis. — Pond at Chattenden. Rare.
,, 7ieb2closus. — Pond Upnor Sand-pit. Rare.
,, conspersiis. — In brackish ponds. Not rare.
,, sturmi. — In brackish ponds. Common.
,, chalconohis. — Ponds at Chattenden.
,, bipustnlattis. — Ditches, ponds, etc. Common everywhere.
Ilybhis atcr. — In ponds at Chattenden. Rare.
,. obscurus. — Fresh-water ditches. Snodland, etc.
Copelahcs agilis. — ^Fresh-water ditches. Rainham. Common. Spring
and Autumn.
Rhantus pidverostis. — Stagnant Water. Snodland and Rainham. Scarce.
,, notahis. — Ponds. Chattenden. etc. Scarce.
Colymbetes fusais. — Ponds and Ditches. Everywhere common.
Dytiscus ptincUdatus. — Rainham Marshes. (Esam).
,, marginalis. — Common in ponds in all districts.
,, circumflex2is. — Ponds. Woodland Farm, etc. (Chaney). Rare.
Aciluis salcatus. — Ponds near Keeper's House, Chattenden.
Gyrinid^.
Gyi'inus natatoi-. — Common on all our Ponds.
,, elo7igaUis. — Ditches at Rainham, etc.
Hydrophiud^.
Hydrobius fuscipes. — Wet Ditches, Puddles, etc.
Anac(S7ia liinbata. — Wet Places. Common. Higham, etc.
,, globtchis. — Wet Places. Common. Higham, etc.
Philydrus testacetis. — Stagnant Water. Rare. Rainham, etc.
,, maritiimis. — Brackish Waters. Occasional.
,, nigricans. — Brackish Waters. Occasional.
Cymbiodyia ovalis. — Stagnant Water. Rainham, etc.
Enochrus bicolor. — Stagnant Water. General.
Laccobius ;/nn7a//>f5.— Stagnant water. Common.
Hydrochus elongatus. — Banks of Ponds. Chattenden, etc.
Ochthebhis mai-iyius. — Brackish ditches. Rainham, etc.
,, pygmccus. — Brackish ditches, Rainham, etc.
,, bicolo-)i. — Banks of ponds.
,, ritfimarginatus.—MQd'wa.y marshes below Strood.
Hydr^ia testacea. — Wet places.
,, riparia. — Stagnant water. Not common. Rainham, etc.
Cylonotuvi orbiculare. — Wet places. Common. Higham, etc.
Sphcsfidmm scarab cEoides. — Chieflj^ in cow-dung in spring. Common.
,, biptishdahun. — In dung, on walls, etc. Common.
,, ,, \2lX. ina7-oinatiiin. In dung, on walls, etc. Not rare.
Cercyon littoralis. — Tidal refuse. Medway banks. Common.
,. depressus. — Flood rubbish. Snodland. Rare.
„ hcemorrhoiis. — -Damp places. Snodland, etc. Occasional.
,, hcemorrhcidalis. — Dung, damp places, etc. Frequent.
,, obsoletus. — A few specimens. Snodland. By sweeping.
,, fiavipes. — In dung. Common.
„ lateralis. — By sweeping. Blue Bell Hill, etc. Scarce.
,, niela7iocephalis. — In dung. Common.
,, Jinipunctatus. — -In dung and by sweeping. Fairly common.
,, guisqjiilhis.—ln dung and by sweeping. Very common.
,, iiigriceps. — In dung and by sweeping. Not so common.
,, pygmaus. — Dung, b}^ sweeping. Scarce.
MegasterJiuni boletophagum. — Fungi, under loose bark, in rubbish.
Common.
C^yptopletirian atomarium. — Fungi, under loose bark, in rubbish.
Common.
Staphylinid^e;.
Aleochara fuscipes. — ^In Carrion. Generally common.
,, brevipennis. — In Tufts of Grass in damp places. Snodland.
,. lata. — In Carrion. L,ess common.
„ /r/5/z5.— (G.C.C.).
,, bipunctata. — In dung. Not common.
,, cimiculoriim. — Decayed Wood. One example Cobham Park,
1897.
„ lanu^7nosa.—ln moss, dung, rubbish, and by sweeping. Very
common.
,, lygcea. — " Chatham," in collection. Dr. J. E. Power.
,, succicola. — By sweeping, Cobham Park, etc.
87
Aleochara bnmneipennis. — One specimen on a wall at Frindsbury. 1897.
„ 7iitida. — Generally common. By sweeping.
„ var. : bilineata. — Common. By sweeping.
,, morion. — On the wing, by sweeping, etc. Common.
,, algarum. — In tidal refuse, Medway banks.
Hoiuancsa acuminate. — One in sand pit, Upnor. ^i'Oa. prmica futiginor.
Micjvglossa saUcralis. — Chiefly in haystack refuse.
,, ptdla. — In decayed fungi. Cobham Park. Rare. 1S89.
Oxypoda spedabilis. — One specimen by sweeping, Wigmore Wood.
1873-
,, lividipenyiis. — In moss, rubbish and sweeping. Common.
,, opaca. — In debris of fern-stack. Cobham Park. 1874.
,, altei-nans. — Decaying fungi. Eairly common and abundant.
,, umbrata. — Occasionally by sweeping. Wigmore Wood, etc.
,, yiegrina. — In moss. Blue Bell Hill. Rare. 1874.
,, longiuscula. — In marshy hollow. Higham. Spring, 1874.
,, fotviiceticola. — Wigmore Wood. ^o^sXoi Formica riif a. 1874.
,, hcsmorrhoa. — Wigmore Wood. l:^QSt oi Formica r7if a. 1874.
,, brachyptcra. — Cobham Park by sweeping. 1899 (G. C. C).
,, ajintdaria. — Under logs, etc. Not uncommon. Cobham.
Thiasophila angulata. — Wigmore Wood in nest of Formica rufa.
Ischnoglossa prolixa. — Under oak bark. Cobham Park. Occasional.
Ocyusa incy-assata. — Among dead leaves. Not rare. Cobham.
,, matira. — Marshy hollow at Higham, in moss. Scarce.
Phlaopora reptans. — Under fir and beech bark. Darland Hill, etc.
Dcalia badia. — In moss, dead leaves, faggots, etc. Cobham Park.
Scarce.
,, casta?iea. — Among dead leaves. Scarce.
Ily abates forticornis — Flood rubbish. 1874. Snodland.
,, nigricollis. — In cut grass. One specimen. Snodland.
Calodera timbrosa. — By sweeping under fir trees. Not common. Dar-
land, etc.
Chilopera longitarsis. — Flood refuse. Medway Banks. Scarce.
Dinarda markeli.—'Nesi oi Formica rufa. Wigmore Wood. 1874.
Ate?neles emarginattis. — In ants' nests, under stones. Scarce.
Myrmedonia limbata. — In moss at Chattenden, with Myrmica
flavicornis. Common.
,, humeralis. KhoMl n.&sts oi Formica 7-21 fa. Wigmore Wood.
,, laticollis. — Sand-pit at Upuor with Formica fuligi7iosa. Rare. 1874.
Astilbtis ( Drusilla) cayialiculatiLS. — Abundant in moss, etc. Chattenden,
etc.
Callicerus obscurus. — Moss. Chattenden, Blue Bell Hill, etc. Scarce.
,, rigidicoryiis. — Rarely by sweeping. Cobham, Upnor, Wigmore.
Thamiar^a cinna^nomea | Cobham Park, 1885 & 1S89 at exuding sap
,, hospita \ of a 6"^55?^^-eaten oak.
NotothectcB flavipes. — Nests of Formica rufa. Wigmore Wood. Not rare.
,, anceps. — Nests of Forynica rufa. Wigmore Wood. Not rare.
Alianta incana. — In moss at Higham. Not uncommon.
Hoynalota gregaria. — In moss. Generally distributed. Common.
,, imbecella. — In tidal refuse. Medway banks.
,, luridipennis. — By sweeping at Darland Hill, etc. Occasional.
88
Homalota elongaUila. — Damp places and by sweeping. Generally
common.
,, volans. — Damp places and by sweeping. Not rare.
,, vicina. — By sweeping in rubbish, etc. Not uncommon.
,, pagatia. — In cut grass. Cobham Park. Rare. 1889.
„ graviicola. — Marshy hollow at Higham. Common.
,, halobrectha. — Tidal refuse. Medway banks. Occasional.
,, vestita. — Banks of Medway under tidal refuse. Not rare.
,, f7i7igivora. — In moss, flood- rubbish, etc. Occasionall}^
,, nigella. — Marshy hollow at Higham. Common in moss.
,, cequata. — Under trees. Cobham Park. Sometimes common.
,, angiistula. — Taken at Rainham (G.C.C.).
,, linearis. — Occasional in moss, etc.
„ circellaris. — Moss in damp places. Very common. Chattenden.
„ elega7itula. — Rarel3^ By sweeping. Wigmore Wood.
,, immersa. — (G.C.C.).
„ ctispidata. — Cobham Park. Under bark of felled trees.
,, analis. — In moss, etc. — Generally abundant.
,, e.xilis. — Marshy hollow. Higham. Rare. Spring.
„ /-a//^^/^.— Wigmore Wood (G.C.C.).
,, decipieus. — (G.C.C.)
,, deprcssa. — By sweeping in woods, warm daj's. Sometimes
common.
„ hepatica. — Cobham Park, Wigmore Wood. By sweeping. Rare,
,, aquatica. — Marshy hollow at Higham. Not rare. Spring, 1874.
,, cejieicollis. — (G.C.C).
,, xa7ithoptera. — In fungi, moss, etc. Generally common.
,, euryptera. — (G.C.C).
,, tri7iotata. — Moss, fungi, etc. Common.
,, xanthop7is. — (G.C.C)
,, tria7igiilum. — Moss, stack-refuse, etc. Occasionally.
,, fungicola. — Moss, etc. Common. Generally distributed.
,, soda lis
" ^^^^!"u-^ These have been taken in the district by G. C.
boletobia > /~m •
" '^'^'^'^t,, ( Champion.
,, j-avilla \ ^
,, palustris
,, scaptilaiis. — By evening sweeping at Chattenden. Rather rare.
,, iestacepes. — Wigmore Wood, in moss. Rare.
„ inquinula. — Dry dung at Darland Hill. Abundant. Autumn,
1S72.
,, nig?-a. — In moss, etc. Generally common.
,, germa7ia \
„ sordidula \ Taken by G. C Champion.
,, villosula )
„ atrame7itaria. — Stack-refuse, moss, etc. Common.
,, ma>cida. — Moss, etc. Occasional.
,, lo7igicor7iis. — Flood-rubbish, Medway banks. Scarce.
„ sordida, — Stack-refuse, moss, etc. Common.
,, testndinica.—ln moss, Chattenden. Rare.
„ a/-«_^/7z5.— Cobham. Once only by sweeping.
,, r7tfipes. — In dead leaves, rubbish, etc.
,, subtilis.—ln moss. Darland Hill. Rare.
,, affi7iis.—ln rubbish, stack-refuse, etc. Very common.
,, ge7iic7ilat7cs.—ln moss. Darland Hill. Not uncommon.
Scopaus sidcicollis.^Ono: specimen in wet tuft of grass. Higham
Railway Station.
Medo7i b?u!i/ieas.— In moss and faggots. Scarce. Cobham, Blue Bell
Hill, etc.
,, f7isc7iliis.— In dead leaves. Rare. Cobham great wood, etc.
,. propi7iq7i7cs. — Common in moss, throughout the district.
Lithocharis oclu-acea. — By sweeping. Darland Hill, etc.
Su7iius i7iier7ncdi7is.—ln moss, stack-refuse, etc. Darland Hill, etc.
93
Sunius angtistahts. — In moss, stack-refuse, etc. Darland Hill, etc.
Scarce.
Pczderus littoralis. — Under stones, in moss and by sweeping.
Generally abundant.
,, riparhis. — Snodland. In wet places. Not uncommon.
„ fuscipes. — In flood rubbish, damp tufts of grass. Common at
Snodland,
EvcBsthetus scaber. — In rubbish. Wigmore Wood. Scarce.
,, ruficapilhis. — In wet places. Higham, Snodland, etc.
Stemis biniaculahis. — In moss, damp places, and under logs. Common.
,, big2dtatus. — One example. Wet tuft of grass. Fairly common.
,, asphaltiuus. — In sandy places near Cobham (G.C.C.).
,, pino. — Generally distributed. Common in wet places.
,, ater. — In moss and by sweeping.
, , speculator \
,, providiis > Not uncommon in wet places.
,, melanop2is )
,, canal iaclatus. — In damp moss. Occasional.
,, pjisilhis. — Ver}' common everywhere in wet places,
,, fiiscipes. — (G.C.C.).
,, circtdaris. — By sweeping, in autumn, at Cobham Park. Rare.
,, dcclaratus. — Common. In moss. Darland Hill, etc.
,, brunnipes. — Everywhere abundant in moss, rubbish, etc.
,, s7ib(Z7ieus. — (G.C.C.).
,, fuscicornis. — (G.C.C.).
,, osshun. — In moss, flood rubbish, etc. Occasional.
,, impress2cs. — By sweeping and in moss. Not rare.
,, flavipes. — By sweeping in damp shady places. Common.
,, ptibesce?is. — Occasional in wet places. Higham, Snodland, etc.
,, binotatus. — Occasional in wet places. Higham, Snodland, etc.
,, ca?iesce?is. — Flood rubbish. Once at Snodland. Spring, 1874.
,, te?npesiivtis. — Occasionally found in moss, flood rubbish, etc.
,, picipes. — Occasionally found in moss, flood rubbish, etc.
,, cichideloides.—'R.a.t'her common. In wet places.
,, shiulis. — In moss, stack refuse, damp places, etc.
,, iarsalis. — Wet places, flood rubbish. Snodland.
,, pagamis. — Wet places, flood rubbish. Snodland.
Oxyportis rufics. — In gills of toad stools, once by sweeping.
Bledhis spectabilis. — Edges of brackish pools, burrowing in mud.
Common in Spring.
,, longulus. — Abundant in sand-pit near Bexle}'. (Esam).
,, at7'icapilhis. — In sand-pit at Upnor. Sometimes abundant.
Platystethus arenarius. — By sweeping in damp places. Occasional.
,, co7'7iut2is. — In dried up ponds. Common. Snodland.
,, capita. — At roots of herbage and by sweeping. Rare.
,, nodifrons. — (G.C.C.).
Oxytelus rugostcs. — In dung, rubbish, and on the wing. Abundant.
,, insccattis. — By sweeping on Darland Hill. Occasional.
,, sculpt7is. — By sweeping on Darland Hill. Occasional.
,, laqiLcatus. — In moss and dead leaves, and by sweeping. Common.
,, piceus. — In flood-rubbish. One specimen.
94
Oxytelus inustics \
" ^nitiduhT''^ 1 ^^ sweeping. Darland Hill, etc.
,, clypeojiitens )
,, tetraca7-inatus . — On the wing and by sweeping, especiall)' in
spring.
,, fairmahri. — One specimen in hedge clippings, Queendown
Warren.
Haploder7is caelaUis. — In flood-rubbish. Medway banks,
Trogophlceus bilineahis. — In wet moss. Common. Higham, etc.
„ rhndaris. — (G.C.C.)
,, corticinus i
,, halophihis > In flood- rubbish, Medway banks, etc.
,, ptdsilhis )
Syjitomium cEniuin. — Cobham Park, etc., by sweeping. Rare.
Copr-ophilus striatulus. — On walls, paths, etc. Common on warm days.
Lesteva longelytrata. — In damp places, flood-rubbish, etc. Common.
„ sicula. — In damp refuse, moss, etc. Common.
Olophriim pice7i7ii. — In moss, vegetable refuse, etc. Not rare.
LathrimcBum atrocephahcm. ) In decaying fungi, dead leaves, old
,, unicolor. ) faggots, etc. General.
Coryphhun ajigicsticolle. — Under beech bark. Local.
Homalium rivulare. — In carrion and rotten fungi, and by sweeping.
Abundant.
IcLviiiscvhim. — In flood-rubbish. Medway banks.
exi^uuvi. — Among dead leaves. Cobham Park. Rare,
oxyacanth(s. — By sweeping. Darland, etc. Frequent.
excavahim. — In stack refuse, faggots, etc. Not rare.
cceswn. — In stack-refuse, faggots, etc. Not rare.
p2LsiUum. — Under fir bark. Common. Darland Hill, etc.
piuictipcnne. — Under loose oak bark and other trees. Common.
rufipes. — On hawthorn blossom, and hy sweeping.
vile. — Under bark. Generall)^ distributed.
iopteriim. — Under bark, and by sweeping. Cobham Park, etc.
plamim. — Under oak bark. Cobham Park. Scarce.
concinnum. — By sweeping. Cobham Park, etc
deplanatnm. — Sweeping under fir trees. Darland Hill. Scarce.
striatmn. — By sweeping and in rotten ash wood.
Hapalarcca pygmcca. — By sweeping. A few examples. 18S9.
EusphaleruDi primula:. — Sweeping flowers in early spring. Scarce.
AntJiobium vihudiim. — Sweeping flowers in early spring. Scarce.
,, ophthalmicum. — By sweeping. Occasional. Cobham Park, etc,
,, torqiiahim. — By sweeping. Occasional. Cobham Park, etc,
Protehuis ovalis. — In fungi, carcases, and on the wing. Abundant.
,, macroptcnis. — In decayed Boleti. Scarce. Cobham Park, etc.
,, atomarius. — In decaj-ed Boleti 2ir\& by sweeping. Cobham Park.
Megarthrics deniicollis. \ ^^^ ^^^^_ j^^ ^^^ p^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^j^^^.^^ j^
" ^JPJ^^''-^ \ vegetable and haystack refuse.
,, depress7is ' *
,, hemipterus. — In decayed fungi. Scarce. Cobham Park, etc.
Phlceobium clypeahnn. — In moss, tufts, etc. Generally common.
95
Prognatha quadricornis. — Under bark, chiefl}'^ elm. Plentiful.
PSEiAPHUS,
Pselaphics heisei. — In moss, and by sweeping in damp places.
Generally distributed.
Tychns nioer. — In moss, etc. Wigmore, Chattenden, etc,
Bythimcs bulbiper. — Among dead leaves. Cobham, Snodland, etc. Scarce.
,, aiTtissii. — In rotten wood and under bark. Common.
Bryaxis waterhousei. — In flood refuse. Medway banks.
,, fo'^szdata. — In damp moss. Chattenden, etc. Not rare.
,, helferi. — In flood and haystack refuse. Generally common.
,, hosmatica. — Medway Banks. (G.C.C.).
„ junconcm. — Marshy hollow. Higham. 1874.
Trichonyx sulsicollis. — One example taken at Cobham. i88g.
Bibloporis bicolor. — Under rotten beech bark. Scarce. 1874.
Euplectus ktinzoei. — By sweeping. Cobham Park. 1889.
,, dupojiti. — One specimen taken in Cobham Park. Only other
habitat Scarborough.
,, karsteni. — Under loose bark. Cobham Park. Rare.
,, signahis, — In moss, stack refuse, etc. Wigmore Wood, etc.
Rare.
,, nanus. — Under oak bark and in moss. Cobham, Chattenden,
etc. Rare.
,, sanguijiens. — In moss and haystack refuse. Rare.
,, picctis.
SCYDM.^NID^.
Ne7craphes spajshalli. — In dead sticks and by sw^eeping. Rare.
,, lojigicollis.—By evening sweeping. Cobham Park, etc. Rare.
Scydmceniis sctdellaris. — In moss. Chattenden. Very common.
,, colla7-is. — In moss. Wigmore Wood. Scarce.
,, pasillus. — In moss. Snowledge Bottom. (G.C.C.).
,, exilis. — Under rotten beech bark. Rare.
Enconnus denticorms. — In moss, Chattenden. Rare.
,, hirticollis. — One example in tuft of grass, Snodland.
Eiiniicms iarsattis. — In vegetable refuse, and by sweeping. Scarce.
Enthia plicata. — By evening sweeping, Cobham Park. One specimen
1889.
IvEPTlNID^.
Eepti7ius tesiacetis.
Clambid^.
C Iambus ptibcscens. — By sweeping, Cobham Park. Occasional.
,, mhiutus. — Among dead leaves and sticks. Scarce.
SlLPHID^.
Agathidiuvi seminulum. — In moss, dead sticks, etc. In woods.
Occasional.
,, atrtcm. — In moss, dead sticks, etc. In woods. Very scarce.
,, locvigatum. — In dead leaves, and by sweeping, Cobham Park.
,, 7narginatum. — In tufts of grass in winter. Flood-rubbish, etc.
,, variaus. — Among dead sticks, old faggots. Wide spread.
,, globostini. — One specimen at Darland Hill by sweeping, 1874.
90
Agathidium rohtndatum. — On fungoid growth among dead sticks.
,, nigrhnim. — Under bark and by sweeping. Frequent.
Amphicyllis globus. — Among dead sticks and by sweeping. Scarce.
Liodes hnmeralis. — In fungoid growth on logs, Cobham Park. Com-
mon.
,, 07-biatlaris. — In snuflF-like fungus on decayed wood. Common.
Cyrttisa pauxilla. — By evening sweeping, Wigmore, Cobham, etc.
Anisotoma ci7inamomea. — Evening sweepings under beech trees.
Scarce.
,, grandis. — Evening sweepings under beech trees. Scarce.
,, dubia. — Evening sweepings under beech trees. Scarce.
,, badia. — Evening sweepings, in moss, and sometimes in fungi.
,, oralis. — Taken on the wing.
,, pnnchdata. — By evening sweeping. Cobham, etc.
,, calcarata. — By evening sweeping in woods and lanes. Common.
., curvipes. — By evening sweeping in lane near Cuxton.
,, nigiita. — By evening sweeping under trees. Rare.
,, riigosa. — One example taken by sweeping. Cobham Park. Rare.
,, parvula. — By evening sweeping. Cobham, etc.
Colenis dentipes. — Generall}^ distributed in woods. Common.
Agaricophagus cephalotes. — Evening sweeping. Scarce.
HydnobiiLS p2inctatissim7is. — Evening sweeping. Rare.
,, piinctahis. — One specimen by sweeping, Darland Hill. Rare.
,, strigosiLS. — Evening sweeping. Chattenden, etc.
Necrophoims Juunator. — In carcases, especially in spring. Common.
,, mortiioriim. — In carrion and decayed fungi. Rare.
,, ruspator. — In dead rabbits. Rare.
,, interruptus. — In dead rabbits, and in dead birds. Rare.
,, vespillo.
Necrcdes litto?-alis. — In carrion. Rare.
Silpha tristis. — Pathways in spring. Scarce.
„ obscura. — Pathways in spring. More common.
,, thoracica. — In dung and dead rabbits, etc. Scarce.
„ riigosa. — Generally common in carrion, especiall)^ in spring.
„ sinuata. — Generally common in carrion. Not rare.
,, laevigata. — Crawling on pathways in spring. Common.
,, ati-ata. — In rotten wood, under bark. Common, and var :
brtinnea.
Choleva aiigustata. — Occasionally in moss, sand pits, etc.
,, cisteloides. — Under stones, and by sweeping. Widely distri-
buted. Scarce.
,, spadicea. — One specimen among dead leaves, Cobham great wood.
,, vclox. — Chief!}' in vegetable refuse.
,, wilkini, — Among dead leaves and decayed sticks. Rare.
,, anisotomoides. — Among dead leaves and decayed sticks. Not
uncommon.
,, Jusca. — In stack-refuse, dead leaves, etc. Scarce.
,, nigricans. — In stack-refuse, dead leaves, etc. Scarce.
,, viorio. — In carcases, and b}' sweeping. Widely distributed.
,, grandicollis. — In carcases, and by sweeping. Widely distri-
buted.
97
Choleva Jiigrita. — In carcases, among dead leaves, and by sweeping.
tristis. — Chief!}' in carcases. Common.
chrysojneloides. — In carcases, among vegetable refuse. Common.
fumata. — In carcases, among vegetable refuse. Rather common.
watsoni. — In carcases, among vegetable refuse. I,ess plentiful.
colo7ioides. — One specimen captured in rotten stump of large
ash. 1897.
Catops sericeus. — In dead birds and by evening sweeping. Very common.
Colon viejinense. — Very rare. By sweeping. Park Woods, etc.
,, serripes. — One by evening sweeping. Cobham Park.
,, deyitipes. — By evening sweeping. Wigmore.
„ brumieiim. — By evening sweeping in early summer. Not rare.
HlSTERID^.
Hister qtiadriinaculatus. — In dung, carrion, flood refuse, etc.
,, unicolor. — In decayed fungi, carrion, etc. Cobham, etc.
,, cadaverinus. — In carcases, dung, rotten fungi.
,, succicola. — In decayed fungi. Cobham Park.
,, purpurasceiis. — Rare. Darland Hill. By sweeping.
,, neglecHis. — In flood rubbish. Medwa}' banks.
,, carbonarins. — In rotten fungi. Rare.
,, i2-striatiis. — In cut grass, cosstis-%r2iS^, etc. H.M. Dockyard,
Chatham.
,, bimaculatus. — In vegetable refuse. Scarce.
Dendrophilus pygmcLiis. — In nest oi Formica rjifa. Wigmore Wood.
Carcinops minima. — In moss and tufts of grass. Darland Hill. Not rare.
Paromaiiis flavicornis. — Under loose decaying bark. Sometimes
common.
Gnatko7ic7is nannetensis. — In rotten wood and fungi. Rare.
Saprima niiidji I us. —lr\ carrion, dung, rotten fungi, etc. Common.
,, ceiieris — In carrion, dung, rotten fungi, etc. Often in abundance.
,, viresceus. — One specimen by sweeping. Cobham Park.
Abrcc2cs globosus. — In moist rotten wood. Often common.
,, gyayudum. — Very rare. In rotten wood of ash tree. Cobham.
Onthophilus siriatus. — In half-dr>' dung, and b}' sweeping.
SCAPHIDIID^.
Scaphidiuni q2iadrimac2datum . — Among decayed sticks, under logs, etc.
Scapfiisoma aga)ici7ium. — In fungoid growth on rotten wood.
Trichoptirygid^.
Ptinella apte7-a. — Under bark of felled oaks. Cobham. Common.
Trichoptcryx atomaria. — In vegetable refuse. Very common.
,, anthraciyia. — ^(G.C.C.)
,, seminitens. — In damp decaying leaves. Not common.
„ attenuata — Snodland (G.C.C.)
,, bovina. — rG.C.C.)
Nossidium piloselhim. — In decayed ash wood. Scarce.
Ptc7iiditim fo7inicetoruvi . — In nest oi For7nica 7-ufa. Scarce.
,, turgidtun. — In wet, decayed ash wood. Rather common.
CORYLOPHID.'E.
Orthope7iis Jduki. — Among dead leaves. Cobham Park.
98
Coiylophus cassidioides. — Among vegetable refuse. Scarce.
Sericoderiis lateralis. — In old faggots, vegetable refuse, etc. Common.
COCCINELLID^.
Subcoccinella j-f-pimctata. — By sweeping herbage in wood, in moss.
Common.
Adalia obliterata — By sweeping, especially under fir trees. Scarce.
,, bipunciata. — Everywhere abundant, very variable.
Anatis ocellata. — Among dead leaves. Rare.
Coccinella lo-puiictata. — Plentiful throughout district.
,, hieivglyphica. — In moss. Rare. Chattendeu, etc.
,, ii-piinctata. — Abundant in all district.
,, j-pmictata. — Abundant in all district.
Halyzia 14-onttata. — General!}' distributed in woods, but scarce.
,, iS-giittaia. — On fir trees. Darland Hill.
,, conglobata. — Generally common. By sweeping.
,, 22-punctata. — -By sweeping under hedges, especially in Autumn.
Micraspis ib-piaictata. — In damp places and by sweeping. Very
common.
Scyninus nigrinus. — In moss. Chattenden Woods. Scarce.
,, pygvuxus. — In moss. Blue Bell Hill. Scarce.
,, frontalis. — In moss, and by sweeping. Darland Hill.
,, stUtiralis. — By sweeping under fir trees. Common.
,, testacais. — In moss. Chattenden. Scarce.
,, hcEmorrhoidalis. — By sweeping. Especially in Autumn.
,, capitatus. — In moss and by sweeping.
,, viiniimis. — By sweeping, chiefl)' under trees.
Platynaspis hiteorub^-a. — Under bark, dead fir trees, tufts of grass, etc.
Chiloco?us similis. — Wigmore Wood. By sweeping.
Exochonms ^-piistulatus. — Under fir bark. Scarce.
Rhizobius litura. — At roots of herbage. Generall}' common.
Coccidtda r7ifa. — In wet places. Snodland, etc.
,, saitellata. — By sweeping rushes.
Edomychid.^.
Mycettza hirta.—\\\ fungoid growth on old building timber.
Alexia pi lif era. — In old faggots, moss, etc.
Endomychus coccineus. — Under beech bark. In fungoid growth.
Erotylid^i;.
Dacne rtififrons. — In Boleti on elms, beeches, etc. Sometimes abun-
dant.
Phalacrid^.
Phalacriis corruscus. — By sweeping grass. General and common.
var : huniberti. — Sometimes with it.
,, brunnipes. — Sweeping in damp places.
Olibrus corticalis. — Generall}' common. By sweeping.
,, (Eneiis. — On flowers of Matficana iiiodora. Common.
., liquidtis. — In flowers, usually on the chalk.
Stilbtcs testaceus. — Vegetable refuse. Abundant.
,, a/'^wa?^?^^.— By sweeping at Snodland. (G.C.C.)
,, oblcngiis. — In wet places and by sweeping reeds.
MlCROPEPLID^.
Micropeplus porcatus. — In vegetable refuse and by sweeping.
„ staphylinoides. — In moss, ha5^stack refuse, etc. Occasional.
,, margaritce. — In moss haystack refuse, etc. Occasional.
NiTIDULIDE.
Brachypteriis gravidtis. — In flowers of Linaria vulgaris. Generally
common.
^ulii'cT' \ Abundant on nettles.
„ bipushdatus \ Snodland, on meadow sweet.
,, rufilabrus. — By sweeping in wet places.
Carfiophilus hemipterus. — At exuding sap of a Cossus poplar, Chatham
Dockyard.
EpurcBa cestiva. — On hawthorn blossoms. Common.
,, di;ffiisa. — One specimen, same trees as C. hemiptems above.
,, meliina. — One specimen, same trees as C. hejuipteriis above.
,. florea. — One specimen, same trees as C. hemipterus 2i}aov^. Gen-
eralh^ common.
„ deleta. — In Boleti. Sometimes common.
,, obsoleta — In sappy oak-stumps.
Omosiphora limbata. — In fungi. Occasional. Cobham Park. etc.
Micrunda vielanocephala. — In maple blossom.
Nitidida biptistulata. — In dry carcases. Generally common.
,, 4-ptistulata. ) c • 1 •
;; ricfipes I Sparingly m carcases.
Soronia piinctatissima. — At exuding sap of trees infested with larvae of
goat moth.
,, grisea. — At exuding sap of trees infested with larvae of goat
moth.
Omosita colon. I o • i, j ^
„ discoidea. \ Common m bones, dry carcases, etc.
Thalyc7-a sericea. — Rare. B5' sweeping in hot summer evenings.
Pocadijis ferr2igi7ieus. — In fungi. Scarce.
Pria dulcamara'. — Widely distributed. On Solanuin dulcafuara.
Meligethes r^ifipes, — On flowers of broom, hawthorn, etc.
,, lumbaris. — Hawthorn blossom, etc.
,. fulvipes. — Sweeping at Chattenden. Scarce.
,, (eneus. — In flowers, especially Cruciferous. Common.
,, viridescens . — In flowers. Common.
,, dificilis. — \vl ?iov^Q.xs oi Lamium album.
,. kimzei. — (G.C.C.).
,, niem7i07ii7is.—'P\o\\Q.rsoiI^amin7n (dead-nettle).
,, bru7inicor7iis. — Flowers of Stachys, etc. Common.
,, pediculariics. — (G.C.C.).
,, bidens. — On Teucriii7}i Scorodonia (Wild Sage).
„ umbrosus. — On flowers o{ Nepeta cataria (Catmint). Scarce.
,, ovatus. — In sand-pits and by sweeping. Rare.
,, flavipcs. — On Labiate flowers, chiefly. Common.
. „ picipes. — In flowers generally. Common everywhere.
100
Meligethes rotundicollis. — B}' sweeping at Wigmore. (G.C.C.).
,, symphyti. — Flowers of wild hj'acinth. Rare.
,, vmrbnis. — Flowers of Viper's bugloss. ( Echiiim inclgarej.
„ higubris. — B}^ sweeping. Chattenden, etc. Scarce.
,, erythrop7is. — In flowers. Common on chalky hillsides.
,, soHdus. — In flowers of rock rose. {H. vxdgare).
Cychramus hitetis. — In fungi and by sweeping.
Cryptarcha stfigata. — At exuding sap of C^55/^5-infested oak.
,, irnperialis. — At exuding sap of C^55z^5-infested oak. Much
rarer.
Rhizophagus depressus. — Under fir bark. Not common.
,, perforates. — Chiefly by sweeping. Frequent.
,, parallelocollis. — In fungoid growth in damp logs. Scarce.
,, femigineus. — Under bark, and by sweeping. Scarce.
,, bipustulahis. — Under oak bark chiefly. Generallj' common.
COLYDIID^.
Cicones variegaUis. — In ant's nest. One specimen.
CeryloJi histeroides. — Under bark of oak, ash, etc., and among decayed
sticks.
,, fagi. — Under fallen branches, chiefly beech.
„ ferrughiejcm. — Under bark of felled ash and beech.
CucujiD^.
Pediacus derviestoides. — Under oak bark and in chinks of newly-cut wood.
Lamophlmcs duplicates. — In dry fungi. Rare.
,, pusilltis. — Among rubbish, etc., in Horsnaill & Reynold's
Granar}-, Strood.
,, ferrugiyieus. — Under bark. In a granar}^ Rainham.
,, clematidis. — In dead stems of C. vitalba. Rare.
PsammcBchus bipimctatus. — In wet places, flood rubbish.
Sylva7ius sii7-inaniensis. — In granary, Rainham. Common.
,, unidentattis. — Under beech bark. Sometimes common.
,, similis. — One specimen in birch faggots.
MONOTOMID.^.
Monotonia angusticollis \ j^ ^^^^^ ^^ Formica rufa.
,, formicetotzim \ •'
,, spinicollis. — In stack refuse.
,, picipes. — In stack refuse.
Lathridiid^.
Laihridius lardarius. — Common. B}' sweeping in woods and lanes.
,, angtdatus. — Rather common. Widely distributed. Beating
dead sticks.
Coninonms nodifer. — In dry fungi, dead sticks, faggots. Common.
Enicmus mimcttis. — In haystack refuse, faggots, etc. Common.
,, transversals. — In haystack refuse, faggots, etc. Common.
,, testaceus. — In powdery fungus, rotten wood.
Caitodere ruficollis. — In dry fungi. Common, Cobham, etc.
,, elongata. — In dry dead leaves under a log.
Corticaria ptibescens. — In vegetable refuse, by sweeping, etc.
crenulata. — In vegetable refuse, by sweeping, etc. Common.
101
Corticaria serj-ata. — By sweeping at Darland Hill. Rare.
u7ibiHcata. — In moss and by sweeping. Very local.
elongata. — In stack refuse. Common.
fejiestralis. — Chattenden (G.C.C.)
rufa. — On wall in New Brompton. One specimen.
sicbqiiadrifoveolaia. — A few examples in Horsnaill's Granar>',
Strood.
Melajiophthalmus gibbosa. — Generally common. By sweeping.
,, traiisz'ersalis. — (G.C.C).
,, /z^5rz j • i •
" r ■ , i woods, in early spring.
,, fasctatus ) > .' r &
,, frontalis. — By sweeping. Not common.
Malthodes margiyiatus. — By sweeping in woods. Generally common.
,, flavoguttatus. — In damp thickets by sweeping.
,, mijiinms. — By sweeping in woods. Generally common.
,, alomus.— In chalky places by sweeping. Scarce.
Malachius ccneus. — Sweeping in early summer.
,, biptistulata. — On flowers, and by sweeping. Generally common.
,, viridis. — By sweeping in grassy places. Common in summer.
,, margiiicllus. — Sweeping in damp meadows. Rare.
Anthocomus fasciatus. — Chiefly in Umbellifercs. Queendown Warren,
etc.
Dasytes flavipes. — By sweeping in woods. Not rare in early summer.
,, ondatus. — By sweeping under oaks. Scarce.
,, icrosics. — By sweeping, and in flowers. Generall)'^ common.
Phlccophilus Edwardsi. — By sweeping in evening. October. Rare.
Clerid^.
Tillus elongahts — On decaying wood, and by sweeping. Very rare.
Opilo mollis. — By sweeping and beating dead hedges. Rare.
Necrobia violacea. — In dry carcases, and sometimes on flowers.
Corynetes coerule7is. — On flowers, and by sweeping.
DRIIvID^.
Drilus flavescens. — In chalky places. Male not uncommon, female not
found in district.
Ptinid.^.
Ptimisficr. — In houses and old wood, etc.
,, subpilosus. — In dry carcase of small bird. One example only.
NipUcs hololeuc7is. — In old house, in cupboards, etc.
Hedobia impcrialis. — Occasionally taken on the wing. Scarce.
Anobiid/E.
Dryophilus pitsillus. — By sweeping, chiefly under old fir trees.
Priobiuni castaneiim. — In decayed hornbeam.
A^iobium domcsticiim. — In old houses, by sweeping and beating dead
hedges. Common.
,, f2ilvicorne. — In hop poles, and by .sweeping.
Xestobium tessellahim. — In old willows. Snodland. Common.
106
Ernobius fnollis. — In old fir posts, and by sweeping.
Ptilimis pectinicornis. — In decayed hornbeam.
Ochina hedercs. — Among old ivy, and by sweeping,
Dorcatoma flavicoryiis. — In tree fungi, and by sweeping. Rare.
BOSTRICHID^.
Rhizopertha pusilla. — On walls of Spencer's Oil Mills, Strood. Rare.
Lyctid^.
Lyctus canaliciilatus. — On felled timber. Not common.
,, br2t7i7ieus- — One specimen. Crawling on felled oak, Cobham
Park. Rare.
Sphindid^.
Sphindics dtibius. — In powdery fungus on old wood. Rare.
ClSSID^.
Cis boleti. — In tree fungi. Generally common.
,. villosidtis. — In tree fungi. Less plentiful.
„ micans. — On fungi on dead beech trees. Scarce.
,, hispidus. — In Boleii'xn old post.
,, bidejitatus — In tree fungi. Common.
,, altii. — Under dead boughs on the ground. Cobham. Rare.
,, nitidiis. — In tree fungi. Cobham.
,, pygmceus. — In Boleti on decaying hornbeam.
,, festivjcs. — In Boleti on decaj'ing hornbeam.
„ fuscatus. — Bred in abundance from hard white fungus on oak.
Ejmearthro7i affuie. — In small Boleti on old trees and stumps. Com-
mon.
„ cormittmi. — In fungoid growth on decayed beech. Scarce.
Octotemnus glabriciclns. — Generally common in fungoid growth on
stumps, etc.
Prionid^.
Prionus coriarius. — In trunks of trees in Cobham Park.
Cerambycid^.
Aroinia moschata (Musk beetle). — On old willows. Not rare at Snod-
land.
Callidiurn vafiabile. — Flying at dusk. Cobham Great Wood and
Frindsbury.
,, ahii. — By sweeping in summer. Cobham Park, etc.
Clytus arietis (Wasp Beetle). — Common in all the district, old timber,
etc.
,, 7nystic7is. — On hawthorn blossom, Chattenden, etc. Scarce.
Gracilia 77ii7xuta. — In old hedges, Darland Hill, Hartlip, etc.
Rhagiu77i i7iq7nsitor. — On flowers, especially Vib7C7-7itwi. Generally
common.
,, bifasciat2C77i. — In decaying fir, oak, etc. Holly Hill, etc.
Toxotus 77ie7-idia7ius. — Flying by day in woods. Chattenden, etc.
Pachyta collaris.. — On hop poles and U7}ibellifercB'\\\ earl}' summer.
Leptura scatellata. — In decayed hornbeam. Cobham, etc.
,, livida. — On flowers, and by sweeping. Generally common.
107
Strangalia 4-fasciata. — One dead specimen in rotten beech.
,, atmata. — On flowers in woods.
„ melamira. — On flowers in woods.
Grammoptera tabacicolor. — Chiefly in hawthorn blossom. Not rare in
woods.
,, analis. — One example by beating elm at Chattenden.
,, ruficornis. — On flowers in early summer. Generally abundant.
Lamiid^.
Leiopus yiebulosus. — By sweeping in early summer. Chattenden, etc.
Pogonochcertis bidentatus. — By sweeping, beating dead hedges, and
under bark.
,, dentatus. — By sweeping, beating dead hedges, and under bark.
Scarce.
Saperda poptdiiea. — On j'oung aspens at Chattenden. Common.
Tetrops prceusta. — In flowers, on old hedges, and by sweeping.
Phyt(£cia cylindrica. — On flowers of ox-eye daisy. Rare.
Bruchid^.
Bruch7is cisti. — On rock-rose in summer. Common.
ca7uis. — On sainfoin in summer. Common-
pisi. — In and about Oil Mills at Strood.
r2cfima7ius. — B}' sweeping, and in winter under bark.
atoviarhis. B)^ sweeping flowers in summer.
loti. — Chiefly on Lathyris prate7isis. Chattenden, etc.
villostis. — In moss at Chattenden. Rare.
Chrysomelid^.
Do7iacia sii7iplex. — On rushes, etc. Snodland. Common.
,, seficea. — On rushes, etc. Snodland. Common.
,, affi7iis. — On rushes, etc. Snodland. Locally common.
HcB77io7iia au-tUi. — A few specimens in shallow brackish ditch. Cuxton.
Zeiigophora s2ibspi7iosa. — By sweeping. Wigmore Wood. Rare.
Lema cya7iella. — By sweeping in summer. Chattenden, etc.
,, Hche7isis. — In damp places. Common.
,, 77iela7iopa. — Generally common. By sweeping.
Crioceris asparagi. — By sweeping, and in gardens on asparagus.
,, lilii. — One species taken at Chattenden.
Clythra 4-p2mctata. — Woods, near ants' nests.
Cryptocephahcscorylii Plentiful in 1858 in Cobham Park. A few
,, 6-pu7ictatus. ] Co7yli taken in 1898.
,, biptmctatus (var. /zwia. — Found plentifully near Cobham, but not met with
by Mr. J. J. Walker.
,, morcei. — General sweeping in chalky places.
,, bili7ieattis. — By sweeping. Queendown Warren. Scarce.
,, fyUvus. — Generally common, by sweeping.
,, pzcsilhcs. — On sallow and by sweeping.
,, labiatns. — On young trees in woods. Common in summer,
Lamproso77ia co7icolor. — In moss in winter and by sweeping.
108
Tiniarcha tenebricosa. — On soft bedstraw in hedges. Common.
,, violaceo-iiigra. — On yellow bedstraw on chalky hillsides, etc.
Common.
Chrysomela viai-ginalis. — On yellow toadflax and chalky paths.
staphyhva. — In moss and by sweeping.
polita. — In moss and by sweeping. Generally common.
orichalcia. — Black horehound. Near Cuxton.
varians. — In moss and by sweeping. Rather scarce.
ga:tti?igenesis. — Upnor sand-pit. Single specimen.
hyperici. — Hypericum perforahim. Various localities.
didymata. — Cuxton Downs by sweeping. Scarce.
Melasoma longicolle. — On young aspens in June. Common.
Phytodeda olivacea. — On broom, Wigmore, etc. Common.
Gastroipdea viridula. — On dock leaves in marshy places, Snodland.
Scarce.
,, polygo?ii. — By sweeping. Common and generally distributed.
Phcedoyi tumiduhcs. — By sweeping in lanes.
„ amoracics. — In wet places, flood rubbish, etc. Common.
., cochlearice. — On Cr2uifera; in wet places. Common.
,, concmmis. — In flood-rubbish on Medway banks. Rare.
Phyllodecta zmlgatissima. — On willow, poplars, etc.
,, vitellines. — On willow, poplars, etc.
Hydrothassa aiicta. — In damp places, and by sweeping. Common.
,, niarginella. — Flood-rubbish, and by sweeping. Common.
Prasocuris J7inci. — Chiefly marshy places, Snodland. Common.
,, phellandrii. — On aquatic Umbelliferce and in flood-rubbish.
Common.
Lupertis flavipes. — On hazel, Walderslaae. Scarce.
,, 7'iifip's. — On young oaks near Hook and Hatchet.
Lochmcea caprece — On sallows and osiers, Chattenden. Common.
,, cratigi. — By sweeping in early summer. Not common.
Galerucella vibtami. — On Vibiirmim lantana in autumn.
,, 7ivmphcece. — In flood-rubbish, Snodland. Rare.
,, lineola. — By sweeping in marsh at Snodland. Not common.
,, calmariensis. — On purple loosestrife, Snodland.
,, tenella. — Chiefly on meadow sweet at Snodland. Abundant.
Adimonia tanaceti. — Remains found in moss. Chattenden.
Sermyla halensis. — On flowery banks on chalk, etc.
Lo7igitarsus pnlex. — By sweeping. Not rare on chalk.
ajicJuiscB. — On Viper's bugloss. Hailing Downs.
a/