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Ke Wis 1 WY by Cai ey ae if "yi ins A fi ZA i ¥ I fais 1a mR ti af I 174 hh AN f y nt ei hs va iy if a Wz Woe ae Sl sti, ih W yy ro ips ay CON \ Wa Y ee ‘ual Diag x ya Ce (oss yl : | tut i A Ny en Pe) LN As oe ue BA! rat nO v4 ‘i se sles ( WN in. Ay Za ee ASS. : As yh) He al Vy Us an cy lh fie oy “hs ay ey) ah aN i ie Cain c Vas = : SR is eK Sos ay yi i ‘i ae : i Ae i, ms i Na ay ete ss. a nl o i i 4: j ne | Lad ny ay <2 Wai XS st ag nN 6) f ah pe oy as KF} iy mh i ‘, ey ZN a aM his i, es Vv ov ; oul AeA We ere fs! m ieee ¥ Np fia (Maa 2h ROSE A TREATISE ON THE CULTIVATION, HISTORY, FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS, ETC., OF THE VARIOUS GROUPS OF ROSES, WITH ACCURATE DESCRIPTIONS OF THE VARIETIES NOW GENERALLY GROWN. BY H. B. ELLWANGER Mount Hore NursERIES, RocuEsTER, N. Y. NEW YORK DODD, MEAD & COMPANY PUBLISHERS. COPYRIGHT, 1882 By DODD, MEAD & COMPANY (/) Ml I DEDICATE THIS BOOK TO MY FATHER, GEORGE ELLWANGER, WHO HAS DONE SO MUCH TO IMPROVE HORTICULTURAL TASTE, AND INCULCATE A Bove for the Beautiful. HE HAS EVER TAUGHT, AND PROVED BY HIS LIFE, THAT MUCH OF THE PUREST HAPPINESS IS FOUND IN Actibe Gmplopment in the Garden. I will not have the mad Clytie, Whose head is turned by the sun; The tulip is a courtly queen, Whom, therefore, I will shun ; The cowslip is a country wench, The violet is a nun; But I will woo the dainty rose, The queen of every one. The pea is but a wanton witch, In too much haste to wed, And clasps her rings on every hand ; The wolfsbane I should dread : Nor will I dreary rose marye, That always mourns the dead ; But I will woo the dainty rose, With her cheeks of tender red. The lily is all in white, like a saint, And so is no mate for me; And the daisy’s cheek is tipped with a blush, She is of such low degree ; Jasmine is sweet and has many loves, And the broom’s betrothed to the bee ; But I will plight with the dainty rose, For fairest of all is she. —TuHomas Hoop. “ God Almightie first Planted a Garden, and indeed it is the Purest of Human pleasures. It is the Greatest Refreshment to the Spirits of Man; without which Buildings and Palaces are but Grosse Handy- works : And a man shall ever see that when Ages grow to Civility and Elegancie, Men come to Build Stately sooner than to Garden Finely ; As if Gardening were the Greater Perfection.”°-—Bacon. TABLE OF CONTENTS. WpPerCRCE IOI ion tote c ecto eh es as ote 5-6 Cuapter I. le eatON noe ee ee ei caeas To Cuapter II. The Families of Roses in General Culti- MARION es ee eee, Se ati ee 10=51 Cuarter III. Mecinical (COriisros soe a Soa eeso a 59-55 Cuapter IV. atten ANG? Ol... a aeea ees . Peale 56-60 Cuaptrer V. Planting and Pruning..........--- or O10 G Cuapter VI. Tis ogy SN EIT ea ete ani a en ee 68-72 Cuaprer VII. Tupeeta and Diseases. <2 ..2c6 2.6 sn eo 73-84 vl CONTENTS. PAGE. Cuapter VIII. ; rOpam@attoney 4 oie oe eee eae 85-92 Cuaprer IX. Be xhubi tui. WOses 6. 2 ln ee ee 93-99 CHAPTER X. foses tmder’ Gildcs 7.445.) stone ie eee 100-112 Cuarpter XI. Varieties for Special Purposes......... 118-119 CuaptTer XII. Raisers of the: Best Roses... 2.0... .,<.490=144 CuHapter XIII. The Seed Parents of Various Roses. ...145-151 CuaptrerR XIV. Permanent Colors. Too-Much- Alike Roses. How to Distinguish Be- tween Similar Varieties.......... 152-163 CHAPTER xX ERyAOIG as Ae OBOR. os poli 2 ae eo eae ae 164-176 Cuarter X VI. Raising sew Varieties: .0. 62... / ee 177-189 ceanana FSP NY 8 PURINES me ont See Kya 190-193 Catalogue of ‘avictics At SS a pet ee 194-291 INTRODUCTION. THERE have been so many works on the rose produced within the past twenty years, several of them being very valuable and interesting, that a few words of explanation may not be out of place, to explain why it was thought desirable to add to the number. The most useful of these compila- tions are English works, but the differences of c¢li- mate, etc., render necessary, for this country, a modification and change in the directions for culture ; the same reasons will lead us to select a somewhat different list of varieties for general cultivation from what would be chosen by Eng- _lish Rosarians ; besides all this, there is the ex- pectant feeling which impels all authors, that the half has not been told, that in a subject like this, no compilation can ever be deemed perfect or final. New varieties, new classes and types, are being produced ; by experience we learn that modifications of old established principles are 6 INTRODUCTION. often necessary, and therefore fresh gleanings from the rose garden will ever be acceptable and interesting when coming from observing and lov- ing devotees of La Reine. While, therefore, this book neither expects nor desires to supersede its predecessors, it asks admission to their fellowship, hoping that it con- tains enough that is distinctive and of merit to be considered companionable. ak Bey ©. Bae, CyHCASPeT, Bak: 2s CLASSIFICATION. No two books, treating of the rose, exactly agree as to the different groups under which roses should be classed, and those who expect some slight variance in this work from what has pre- ceded it, in other compilations, will not be wrong in their conjectures. There has been such an infinitude of crosses made between different groups, by means natu- ral and artificial, that it would be rather remark- able to find two writers who would assign the same varieties throughout, to the same classes. So it is that, by the various conjectures and opin- ions of the different authors, much confusion and perplexity has been engendered. Some, in order that the character of a variety may be 8 THE ROSE. known as nearly as possible, make many groups, classes, divisions, and subdivisions enough to make the head of the reader swim in a sea of per- plexity ; others, in order to avoid a multiplicity of groups, narrow the classification to a few divis- ions, and in so doing, bury completely the dis- tinguishing characteristics of a variety. The former, besides arranging Hybrid Perpetuals into groups of Hybrid Noisettes and Hybrid Teas, further divide them into such groups as Hybrid Bourbons, Rose de Rosomene, Rose de Trianon, etc. The latter would divide all these among Hybrid Perpetuals. I confess to leaning tow- ards this latter class ; but where we have dis- tinguishing characteristics that are very marked, and other new varieties of the same or similar peculiarities, are following, it seems desirable to provide a distinctive name and division for them. Thus, when Guillot introduced La France, it was appropriately placed among the Hybrid Perpet- ual Roses, although known to have originated from the seed of a Tea Rose. It would have been unwise to have made a class for the exclu- sive benefit of this beauty, trusting that worthy companions might in the future be found for CLASSIFICATION. S her ; but now that we have Cannes La Coquette, Cheshunt Hybrid, Mme. Alexandre Bernaix, and those of Mr. Bennett’s raising, it seems not only desirable but necessary to group them by them- selves. The same is the case with the Hybrid Noisettes ; both of these classes are being added to annually, and are now of very great impor- tance. On the other hand, such groups as the Hybrid Bourbons are rapidly receding from prominence, and in order to simplify matters their disintegration should be made complete ; the different varieties that are deemed worthy of being retained can be placed ainong the Hybrid Perpetuals or the Bourbons, according to their more prominent characteristics. CHAPTER] 4: THE FAMILIES OF ROSES IN GENERAL CUL- TIVATION. Part I.—Summer Roses. Those which bloom but once during the season, in the months of June and July. Crass 1.---Ciimpinc on SARMENTOUS Rosks. The Ayrshire Lose (Rosa Arvensis Hybro- da).—These roses, of English origin, are of slen- der, rapid growth, having five leaflets, often running fifteen or twenty feet in one season, and are of use in covering buildings, unsightly ob- jects, ete. They are somewhat less hardy and less valuable than the hybrid climbers and prairie roses. They do not require rich soil, and should be pruned very little, or not at all. Bennett’s Seedling, Queen of Ayrshires, Queen of Belgians, and Ruga, are the leading sorts. The Banksia Lose (Rosa Banksia) is a native of China, named in honor of Lady Banks by the ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. iH botanist Robert Brown. It was brought to Eng- land in 1807. The flowers, very small, resem- bling double cherry blossoms, are produced in clusters early in the season, and have, generally, a decided violet perfume ; indeed I doubt whether many persons, if blindfolded, could by the odor distinguish them from violets. The wood is very smooth, slender, and of rapid growth. The leaf- lets are often but three in number, are long, dark, and lustrous. Not being hardy they can have no great value at the North, but in the Southern States they form a very desirable group. The best known sorts are Alba Grandiflora, Fortunei, White and Yellow. They should be sparingly pruned. Boursault Rose (Rosa Alpina).—This is a distinct but worthless group, which receives its name from M. Boursault, a Parisian rose ama- teur. Most of the varieties are free from thorns and have long, flexible, reddish-colored shoots. Amadis, or Crimson Boursault, is the one most esteemed. The Evergreen Rose (Rosa Sempervirens), with seven leaflets, has much in common with the Ayrshire, but is characterized by dark green 12 THE ROSE. foliage, which is retained till dislodged by heavy frosts ; they are of the same hardiness as the Ayshires and require the same freedom from the pruning-knife ; the knife should only be ap- plied to cut out entirely shoots that require thin- ning. There have been several pretty varieties of this group sent out, but Félicite Perpetuelle is perhaps the best representative, and the only one we would commend for cultivation. ITybrid Climbing Roses (Rosa Hybrida Scan- dens). —This class takes in those sorts for which it is difficult to find a group where they can be appropriately placed ; it gathers in waifs and is a kind of orphan asylum, a place of refuge for the abandoned and unknown. No varieties in this group are of any great value ; the old sorts, Mme. d’Arblay and the Garland, once the best known, are now almost forgotten. Those which are most grown are Iortune’s Double Yellow, recently sent out under the name Beauty of Glazenwood, and La Saumonée. The Many-Flowered Rose (Rosa Multiftora), five to seven leaflets, is a native of Japan, in- troduced into England by Thunberg in 1804. It flowers in clusters, and continues for some time ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. — 13 in bloom ; the flowers are double, small, and of no great beauty. The shoots have comparatively few thorns, which come in pairs. De la Grif- feraie is in England considered valuable as a stock on which to work the climbing teas and some other roses ; we believe it may be good for this, it is not good for anything else. Grevillia, or Seven Sisters, generally sent out under the latter name, is propagated to considerable extent in this country, and is principally called for by tree peddlers, who make large sales of it, by means of exaggerated colored plates, accompa- nied by untruthful descriptions. It is tender as the Tea-scented Noisettes, and is in every way inferior to them. The Prairie Rose (osa Lubifolva) is much the most valuable of all the non-remontant climb- ers. It is indigenous to the country, being found in Michigan and many of the Western States. Seeds of the common variety were sown about 1836, by Messrs. Samuel and John Feast of Baltimore. The seedlings from this sowing were fertilized by surrounding flowers, from some of the best varieties of roses grown at the time, and from this lot came Baltimore Belle and 14. THE ROSE. Queen of Prairies, the two best-known sorts. The foliage is rough, large, 5 to 7 leaflets, gener- ally of a dark green color; for rapidity of growth they equal or excel the Ayrshires, and surpass all climbers in hardiness. They bloom in large clusters late in the season, when other summer roses are past and have gone their way, and succeed over a greater extent of territory than any other climbers. Although decidedly inferior in quality to the Tea-Noisettes and Climbing Teas, their hardiness and superior vigor of growth make them of great value where the more beautiful members of the sisterhood are too delicate in constitution to Le made useful. When, then, it is desired to cover walls, trellises, old trees, unsightly buildings, ete., with roses, none will be found to do the work so efficiently as varieties of the Prairie Rose. It is very de- sirable that further development of this impor- tant class should be made ; we should endeavor, by artificial fertilization, to produce hybrids, blending Hybrid Perpetual, Bourbon, and Noi- sette with the Prairies. This, with the more double varieties, is somewhat difficult, as I found in experiments made under glass last winter. I ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 1d attempted to fertilize blooms of Baltimore Belle, Gem of Prairies and Queen of Prairies, by different varieties, such as General Jacqueminot, Safrano and Solfaterre, but the only seed I ob- tained was from one bloom of Gem of the Prairies fertilized by General Jacqueminot. The pistils of the Prairie Roses are glued together, as it were, and make fertilization very difficult ; Gem of the Prairies, itself a hybrid, is the only one on which seed is often found in the open air, therefore we would probably be far more successful in making crosses by using some of the more single varieties. The most desirable of the class are Anna Maria, Baltimore Belle, Gem of the Prairies (the only variety that is fragrant), Queen of the Prairies, and Triumphant. Baltimore Belle is the most beautiful, but seems to contain some Noi- sette blood, which makes it less hardy than the others ; it is sufficiently robust, however, to withstand all ordinary winters. The Prairie Roses, like all climbers, should be sparingly pruned. 16 THE ROSE. Crass 2. Austrian Brier (feosa Lutea).—This is a native of the South of Europe, having single flow- ers, of a yellow or coppery-yellow color ; leaflets 7 to 9in number. The shoots are of a chocolate color, well fortified with spines. It is very hardy, and from its color and hardiness offers in- ducements to the hybridizers, but they will find some difficulty in getting it toseed. These roses must not be severely pruned or there will be an utter absence of flowers ; it is only necessary to eut away shoots that are decayed or need thin- ning and merely pinch the tops of shoots that are left. It is a small but interesting family, and gives us the only hardy yellow roses that are of value. There are three varieties worth grow- ing, the Copper, Harrisonii, and Persian Yellow. The foliage of this class has a slight odor like the Sweet Brier. The Damask ose (Rosa Damascena) is found native about Damascus and various por- tions of Syria, from whence it was brought to Europe about 1573. It is ina large degree the ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 17 founder of the Hybrid Perpetual Roses. From this class, and also from the Provence, most of the rose-water is distilled. The Damasks have pale green leaves (5 to 7 leaflets), green shoots, with numerous spines, are of vigorous growth, and very hardy ; the flowers are mostly flat, of light colors, and very fragrant. They need but little pruning. Mme. Hardy and Mme. Zoutman are the only ones worth cultivating, they are both very valu- able white roses, albeit the first-named is ‘‘ green- eyed, like jealousy, envious, it may be, of the latter, who, though not of such a clear complex- ion, is free from ocular infirmities. ”’ | The French Rose (Losa Gatlliea), in spite of its name, has not been traced to any country, but is generally credited with being a native of Europe. It is very hardy, of compact growth, requiring close pruning. The varieties in this class have very dark leaflets, 5 to 7 in number; though beautiful, they are superseded by various Hybrid Perpet- uals of the same shade, and can no longer be recommended, except for large collections. The 18 THE ROSE. best of them are Boule de Nanteuil, Oeillet Flamand, an odd, striped variety, and Triomphe de Jaussens. The Hybrid China Rose (Rosa Indica [Hy- brida) las arisen from various crosses among the French, Provence, and other summer kinds, with the China, Noisette, and Bourbon Roses. For a long time the varieties of this class were our most beautiful and cherished roses, but, like nearly all of the summer sorts, they are outshone and outlasted by various Remontants. In this connection it may be remarked that about one- fourth of the roses which are sent out as Hybrid Perpetuals should properly be placed among the Hybrid Chinas, for the flowers which they pro- duce in autumn are the exception and not the rule. A Hybrid Perpetual may be described as a Hybrid China which blooms more than once during the season ; if this classification were car- ried out, we should to-day be growing many more Hybrid Chinas and many less Hybrid Per- petuals. Raisers dislike to call a new variety Hybrid China, if by any stretch of the imagina- tion, or from having seen a bloom during the autumn, they think people can be persuaded that ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 19 they are getting a Remontant. To call a new variety a summer rose is to sound its death-knell, and no amount of adjectives in the superlative degree can resuscitate or afford it sufficient stimulus for more than a brief existence. Peo- ple no longer buy summer roses, at least ninety- nine out of one hundred do not, but unless the description of the raiser particularly states to the contrary (that they are free autumnals) they are, all the same, pretty likely to get a number of them, and in the course of a few years will dis- cover that many beautiful roses which they bought for Hybrid Perpetuals are simply sum- mer roses which occasionally, or very rarely, grudgingly yield a few autumn flowers. In this book, therefore, many varieties will be found de- scribed as Hybrid Chinas, which are catalogued, by nurserymen, as Hybrid Perpetuals. On account of the diverse parentage of the varieties in this group, coming from so many different classes, there is great dissimilarity in the appearance of the different sorts, but most of them are rapid growers, with long, flexible shoots ; smooth, luxuriant foliage ; large, rather numerous, thorns ; globular or cup-shaped flow- 20 THE ROSE. ers, which are freely produced in their season. Those of vigorous growth, and most of them are such, require but little pruning. Many of them make beautiful Pillar Roses, and can be used as climbers in positions where extreme rapid growth is not required ; in such places they. make the best summer climbers that we have. ‘¢ Tt is time, I think, for some alterations in the nomenclature and classification of the rose. When summer roses——roses, that is, which bioom but once—were almost the only varieties grown, and when hybridisers found a splendid market for novelties in any quantities, new always, and distinct a name, the subdivisions yet remaining in some of our catalogues were interesting, no doubt, to our forefathers, and more intelligible, let us hope, than they are to us. Let us believe that it was patent to their shrewder sense why pink roses were called Albas, and roses whose hues were white and lemon were described as Damask. Let us suppose that they could dis- tinguish at any distance the Gallica from the Provence Rose, and that when they heard the words Hybrid China, instead of being reminded, as I am, of a cross between a Cochin and a ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 21 Dorking fowl, they recognized an infinity of dis- tinetive attributes which estrange that variety from the Hybrid Bourbon in the most palpable and objective form. But now that these sum- mer roses are no longer paramount—rapidly dis- appearing, on the contrary, before the superior and more enduring beauty of those varieties which bloom in summer and autumn too; now that several divisions formerly recognized are gone from the catalogues, and others include but two or three able-bodied roses on their muster- roll—it would be advisable, I think, to ignore altogether these minor distinctions, and to classify as summer roses all those which bloom but once. Not without a painful sigh can we older rosa- rians witness the removal of our old landmarks— not without a loyal sorrow do we say farewell to friends who have brightened our lives with so much gladness ; but we cannot long remember our losses, surrounded as we are by such abun- dant gains, and the tears of memory must pass away as quickly as the dew in summer.’’* We think within a few years the suggestion of Canon Hole will be partially carried out by eS 8 Reynolds Hole... . : 22 THE ROSE. nurserymen in their catalogues, but it would yet be well to keep in separate groups the Summer Climbers, the Austrian Brier, and Moss Roses. What remains of such old classes as the French, Provence, Damask, Hybrid Bourbon, ete., may well be grouped with the Hybrid Chinas. The best of the old Hybrid China roses are Chénedolle, so called from a member of the Chamber of Deputies in France, a vivid red of large size ; Coupe d’Hebe (who would not quaff nectar from this?); Mme. Plantier, a valuable white rose for massing and for hedges; and Paul Ricaut, still one of the most beautiful roses —alas that it blooms but once ! The Moss Rose (Rosa Centifolia Muscosa) is believed to be a sport from the Provence Rose, and was introduced to England from Holland, about the beginning of the seventeenth century. They are distinguished from other roses by the moss-like substance which surrounds the flower- buds, and by the marked Provence scent. The shoots are thickly covered with small spines. They are very subject, as a class, to mildew, and, with a few exceptions, require close pruning, rich soil, and high culture. On account of their 2 ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 23 beautiful buds they are great favorites with every one, and form decidedly the most valuable group of all the summer roses. The finest varieties of the race are Common Moss, Crested, and Prolific or Gracilis. Most of the kinds have 7 leaflets. The Provence Rose (Ltosa Centifolia Provin- cialis), or Cabbage Tose, is supposed to have been known to the Romans, and derives its botanical name from the great number of petals or flower-leaves. Its origin is not known, but growing abundantly in Provence, the South of France, has received that name, though the French themselves always call it by the botanical name of Rose a Cent-Feuilles. Their habit is somewhat drooping and straggling, the foliage massive ; the flowers are generally of globular form and of delightful scent, so that to say a variety is as fragrant as the Cabbage Rose is commendation enough, so far as scent is con- cerned. This class demands good culture and close pruning ; though but few in numbers, it was formerly an important group, and will ever be remembered through the Common Provence, or Cabbage Rose, a variety which, though blos- soming but once, should be found in every col- 24 THE ROSF. lection of any size. None others are worth cul- tivating except the highly scented Crested Provence, which is better known as Crested Moss, and appropriately placed with the Mosses. The Sweet-Brier (Rosa Rubiginosa), or Eg- lantine, with 7 leaflets, is found growing wild in different countries, but the variety known as Common Sweet-Brier, a native of England, is the only one worth growing. It is almost need- less to remark that the pink flowers, which are single, possess interest only for the botanist or artist ; it is the leaves of the plant which are so attractive to general cultivators. After a warm spring shower, or when moistened by the morn- ing or evening dew, the foliage gives out a de- lightful perfume, sw generis, equalled by few rose-blooms. Any garden of considerable size should certainly contain a few plants of this fa- vorite rose of the poets ; they may be planted in- dividually, or in hedges, as they bear clipping without injury. The Scotch Rose (Rosa Spinosissima), called by the French, Rosier Pimprenelle, is, true to the botanical name, the most thorny of all roses ; but, though possessing some merit, has almost ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 25 passed out of cultivation. It is a native of Eng- land and Scotland, and many varieties have been raised from seed and sent out by Scotch nursery- men, the names of which are quite forgotten, most of them deservedly so. They are of com- pact growth, very hardy, generally 9 leaflets, and produce small flowers very early in the sea- son ; they require but little pruning. The two varieties which are perhaps most grown are two hybrids, Stanwell’s Perpetual and Souvenir of Henry Clay (raised in America) ; these give a few flowers in autumn in addition to those in spring. Part II.—Perpetual or Autumnal Roses. Blooming more than once during the season, many of them continuously from June to No- vember, or until cut off by the frost. Crass 1.—CumermaG or Running Roses. All of these will thrive in any ordinary, good garden-soil, that is free from standing water. The more vigorous varieties should have but lit- tle pruning ; generally to thin out branches that crowd the others will be all the knife-work re- quired. 26 THE ROSE. Hybrid Climbing Roses (Rosa Hybrida Scan- dens) are of modern origin and come from vari- ous sources ; the greater number are sports of various Hybrid Perpetuals ; several of them have an extra vigor of growth at the expense of free- dom and size of bloom, but one variety, Climb- ing Jules Margottin, is not only one of the strongest growers among them, but yields fully as many flowers and of quite as good quality, as the parent plant. None of them make growth enough to cover large buildings, but for growing on a trellis or pillar they are very desirable. We are likely to have many valuable additions to this class in the near future ; it is already an im- portant group. Besides Climbing Jules Margot- tin, the most valuable members of the group which we have tested are Reine Marie Henriette, Princess Louise Victoria, and Climbing Victor Verdier. The former was raised from the Climb- ing Tea, Mme. Berard, fertilized by General Jaequeminot ; it is a highly scented red rose, somewhat resembling Cheshunt Hybrid, and though not a free autumnal sort will give a num- | ber of blooms throughout the summer months. Climbing Victor Verdier differs mainly from the ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. a | parent in being of stronger growth, the flowers are somewhat smaller, and less freely produced. Climbing Edward Morren, Bessie Johnson, and Mdlle. Eugenie Verdier are new varieties which we have not seen in flower but are well spoken of. Other varieties in the class are Catherine Bell and Red Dragon. Glory of Cheshunt, raised from Charles Lefebvre, is a new variety sent out by G. Paul, of Cheshunt, England. We saw this in flower, during a visit to Cheshunt in August, 1880, and were very favorably impressed with it ; should it succeed as well here as there, it will be the best rose of the class. It is a vivid erimson, freely produced, and of vigorous growth ; it must be a natural hybrid, or cross, as no seedling of Charles Lefebvre yet produced will compare in vigor of growth with this new sort. The Microphylla or Small-Leaved Rose (Losa Microphylla) is a native of China, and brought from there to England in 1823. The leaf-stalks are covered with numerous small leaflets, which give a name to the class. They are not quite hardy and have with one exception but little value. Alba or Alba Odorata seems to have some Tea blood ; the flowers are a pale yellowish 28 THE ROSE. white, often pure white, and highly scented. This is a valuable rose south of Washington. The Novsette or Champney Rose (feosa Mos- chata Hybrida) is of American origin. From the seed of the White Musk Rose fertilized by the Blush China (Bengal), John Champney, of Charleston, South Carolina, raised a_ variety which was called Champney’s Pink Cluster. A few years after, Philippe Noisette, a florist, also of Charleston, raised from the seed of Champ- ney’s Pink Cluster a blush variety, which he sent to his brother, Louis Noisette, of Paris, France, under the name of Noisette Rose, not giving credit to Mr. Champney, as the originator of the class, which has ever since borne the wrong title of Noisette Rose. Louis Noisette received it about the year 1817. These roses, originally, had the characteristics in a great measure of the old Musk Rose, such as scent and a tendency to bloom in large clusters. The group is naturally of strong growth and nearly hardy, but the varieties which are now commonly grown have generally Tea blood in them, and have therefore in a great measure lost their hardiness and the tendency to bloom in clusters. ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 29 Among the true Noisettes, Aimée Vibert (Seandens) is decidedly the most valuable ; the flowers are small but pure white, sufficiently full, of beautiful form ; the foliage is a dark lustrous green ; growth vigorous. Others belonging to this division are Admiral Rigney or Eugene Pirolle, Beauty of Greenmount, Caroline Mar- niesse, Fellenberg, Ophirie, Pumila, Washington, Woodland Marguerite. None of these will have interest for small cultivators, excepting perhaps Pumila, and this is somewhat more tender than the rest. Among the Tea-scented Noisettes we have some superb roses, which have far more substance, and are much more beautiful, than those named above, albeit less hardy. They make magnificent climbers under glass, and some of them succeed fairly well at the North out of doors, if given sheltered positions. In the Southern States they are by far the finest climb- ers that can be grown. Maréchal Neil, which is said to have been raised from Isabella Gray, ac- cording to general opinion, is at once the best Noisette, the finest yellow, and the most beauti- ful variety of any class that has ever been sent out. Chromatella is another superb yellow, in 30 THE ROSE. beauty of flower but a few degrees removed from the Marechal ; but she is shy of her charms, and unless carefully treated will not display her beauty. If you would have flowers in profusion from any of these roses, you must keep away the pruning-knife, excepting when it is necessary to cut away shoots altogether. Dr. Kane and Isa- bella Gray are two lovely roses of American origin which demand the same skill in manage- ment as Chromatella. Solfaterre is the most use- ful yellow of them all; it is hardier, of better habit, and more certain to flower than any, and the blooms are but little inferior. Besides all this, it makes the best stock on which to bud Teas, or Hybrids from the Teas, of any that I am acquainted with, surpassing that excellent stock and parent variety, Lamarque. I should advise all persons who wish to grow Tea Roses, under glass, planted in borders, to put out plants of Solfaterre, and on these, after they have made sufficient growth, to bud all but the vigorous growing Teas. Maréchal Neil and all the Gloire de Dijon type of Teas are improved by being worked on this stock. Being much less hardy than the Common Brier, it would not be so good ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. a a foster-parent for the Teas which are worked out of doors, but under glass I know of nothing equal to it. Lamarque is a superior old white rose, which has somewhat gone out of cultiva- tion; but this should not be, for it retains the clustering tendency of the race and produces an immense quantity of flowers during the season. It is a noble rose. Nearly all the fine Tea- Noisettes are traced back to Lamarque. Besides those already named, we have Celine Forestier, Mme. Caroline Kuster, Triomphe de Rennes, and W. A. Richardson, all fine yellow roses, of healthy habit and easy of cultivation. The Polyantha Remoniant Rose (Rosa Poly- antha) was brought from Japan about the year 1865, by Robert Fortune, and is distinguished from all other classes by its panicled blooms. This peculiarity is not generally retained, how- ever, when crossed with other roses, at least not in most of the varieties which have been sent out as seedlings from it. M. Jean Sisley, the eminent horticulturist of Lyons, says of this class: ‘‘ It appears not to have crossed any of the other types with its own pollen. In a bed I made two years ago, with the seed in question (without practis- 32 THE ROSE. ing artificial fertilization), I found pure Eglan- tines. I would therefore recommend rosarians to try artificial fertilization on the other types, as, 1f we could get Tea-scented Bourbons, and Perpetual Hybrids with flowers in panicles, we should change the whole aspect of the rose gar- den, and in a most interesting way modify the rose genus.” We believe some of the French rosarians have acted on this suggestion, and that they have in a measure been successful in producing roses with these characteristics, as in the two vari- eties Paquerette raised by Guillot-fils, and Anne Marie de Montravel raised by Rambaux and Du- breuil. In August, 1880, when in Lyons, we saw a very pretty variety of this group raised from a seedling of Polyantha crossed by a Tea. The blooms, which are of a very delicate salmon-. pink, are freely produced and highly scented. If it proves to be of good habit, it will be a charming variety for bouquets, etc. It has since been named Mdlle. Cécile Brunner. These three sorts are the only ones of value as yet sent out ; all are remontant, which is not the case with the parent. variety. ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 33 The Climbing Tea Rose (Rosa Indica Odo- rata Scandens) is a class, or division, so distinct from the other Teas, that it requires a place for itself. Nearly all the varieties catalogued in this division are descendants of Gloire de Dijon, but hybridizers are making great progress of late, and it is probable we shall soon have varieties from other strains and outerosses to be added to the list of Climbing Teas. The origin of Gloire de Dijon is unknown. It was raised in the South of France by Jacotot, and sent out in 1853, creating a great furor in rose-circles. My opinion is, that we have in this a natural hybrid produced from the seed of some strong growing Tea, or Tea-Noisette which had been impregnat- ed by a Bourbon of robust habit. Gloire de Dijon and its offspring are of vigorous growth when once established, but the young plants re- quire a long time (if grown from cuttings) before they have vitality enough to push into strong growth. It is therefore a great advantage to obtain them worked on some other stock, such as Solfaterre, De la Grifferaie, or seedling Brier. The foliage is very large, thick, and lustrous ; thorns comparatively few ; the flowers are of 34 THE ROSE. large size, globular shape, full, and with some fragrance. None of the progeny are quite equal to the mother variety in freedom of bloom, hardiness, or fragrance ; Marie Berton, a superb pale yellow rose, ranks second. Next in order come Belle Lyonnaise, Mme. Trifle, and Mme. Berard, this last being too much lke Gloire de Dijon to be valuable in a small collection. The new variety, Reine Marie Henriette, which might be classed with these, has already been mentioned and described among the Hybrid Climbers. This sort, unlike the Gloire de Dijon race, will make strong plants grown from cut- tings, rooting and growing as freely as General Jacqueminot. Besides these varieties, we have Climbing Devoniensis, a sport from old Devo- niensis and identical with it in flower, but of much stronger growth. Except Climbing De- voniensis they are more than half-hardy, and will do well out of doors in positions that are shel- tered. Crass 2.—AUTUMNAL NON-CLIMBERS. The Bengal or China Rose (Leosa Indica) is a native of China which was brought to Europe ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 35 some time during the eighteenth century. Two varieties were introduced, the Blush China and Crimson China; from these a great number of seedlings have been raised, many of them crosses from Teas. Two groups are often made of these roses, but there is no necessity of this, as very few differ sufficiently to make two divisions de- sirable. They are of moderate, branching growth, with foliage and flowers both small. They require a rich soil and close pruning ; thus favored, they give perhaps a greater quantity of flowers during the season than any other class. They are not hardy and have no fragrance, but in spite of this are a very valuable group on ac- count of the profusion of crimson buds which are furnished by such sorts as Agrippina. A bed of Agrippina, on a lawn, is a most desirable thing ; none of the other crimsons are quite equal to this old sort, from whatever point of view they be considered ; among them, we note ‘Eugene Beauharnais, Fabvier, Louis Philippe. The leading varieties of lighter shades are Cels Multiflora, Clara Sylvain, Ducher, and Mme. Bureau.. Two varieties of the class which have marked peculiarities are Viridiflora or Viridis- 36 THE ROSE. cens, and James Sprunt. The former is prob- ably a sport from the old Blush, or one of its im- mediate descendants ; its peculiarity consists in’ green flowers which are freely produced ; though curious, they are not attractive, and there is no value in it, save as a curiosity. James Sprunt originated in the year 1858. Rev. James M. Sprunt, D.D., a Presbyterian clergyman of Kenansville, North Carolina, divided some strong plants of Agrippina. Afterwards he observed a single shoot from one of these plants growing vigorously without flowers or branches ; it grew over fifteen feet before it showed any flower buds, the rest of the plant retaining its normal characteristics. | This shoot branched out very freely the following year, and cuttings taken from it invariably retained the same climbing habit. The flowers of James Sprunt are some- what larger and fuller than Agrippina, but are, of course, not produced till the plant has made considerable growth. It is a valuable green- house climber. What are called Fairy Roses are miniature Bengals ; we do not consider them of any value, the Bengals are small enough. The Bourbon Rose (Rosa Bourboniana) was ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. a7 obtained from the Isle of Bourbon and taken to France (either seeds or plants) in. the early part of the century. It was noticed growing ina hedge of Bengal and Damask Perpetual Roses, and on examination proved distinct from either, but seemed to have characteristics which per- tained to both. It has been considered therefore as a natural hybrid, a product from these two groups. Except in the case of varieties strongly impregnated with Tea blood, this class is suffi- ciently hardy to withstand all but extraordinary winters ; the tops may be blackened by the frost, but shoots will push forth from the lower buds. The varieties vary greatly in growth and other features, but most of them are of vigorous habit, and have dark, lustrous foliage. The flowers are generally of light shades and found in clus- ters, and are specially valuable in the autumn, when so many Hybrid Perpetuals belie their name. Dut it must not be overlooked that many Bourbon Roses are also shy autumnals, though mention of this is seldom made in any of the catalogues, and the impression is therefore gener- al that all Bourbon Roses produce flowers freely inthe autumn. There are several well-known 38 THE ROSE. sorts, like Dupetit Thouars, Sir J. Paxton, ete., that will not produce flowers in the fall of the year at all, unless specially pruned and treated. Those which are of moderate growth require rich soil and close pruning ; such are Hermosa, Queen of Bourbons, Souvenir de la Malmaison, and the new Queen of Bedders, all excellent varieties worthy a place in a small collection. The stronger growers need to have less wood re- moved, but must have moderate pruning. The best of them are Appolline, Comice de Tarn-et- Garonne, Duchesse de Thuringe, Edward Des- fosses, George Peabody, and Malmaison. If these have the shoots moderately cut back so soon as each is through flowering, they will give a suc- cession of flowers from June until cut off by the frost. Souvenir de la Malmaison is the general favorite of this group, but I consider Appolline as the most valuable ; it flowers with the same freedom as Hermosa, when cut back as directed above, and has large cup-shaped blossoms of rosy-carmine that are very attractive. No col- lection can be complete with this variety left out. | The Hybrid Noisette Rose (Rosa Novsettiana ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 39 fTybrida) is a comparatively new group of con- siderable importance. The varieties of this class generally, though not always, flower in small clusters and bloom very freely throughout the season ; they are of about the same degree of hardiness as the Bourbons—that is will winter with perfect safety if given some slight protec- tion, such as hilling up earth about the plants or covering them with loose litter or evergreen branches. It is not easy to ascertain the origin of this class, but the varieties are mostly from crosses of Bourbon on Noisette and vce versa. They all require pretty severe pruning. The most beautiful in the class are Madame Noman, Mdlle. Bonnaire, and Eliza Boelle, a trio of white roses which might well represent the three Graces. There is too strong a resemblance be- tween them to make all desirable in a small col- lection, but it is difficult to know which of them to reject. Our own preference inclines towards Madame Norman. These are the most delicate in habit; of the stronger growing varieties which partake more of the Noisette character, Coquette des Alpes, Coquette des Blanches, and Mme. Auguste Perrin are most noteworthy. 40 THE ROSE. Baronne de Maynard, Madame Alfred de Rouge- mont, and Madame Francois Pittet are worthy a place in collections of considerable extent. The Hybrid Perpetual, or Hybrid Remontant Rose (Rosa Damascena Hybrida), is hy far the most valuable, if not the most beautiful, of all groups of roses. The first varieties sent out were mostly from crosses of Bourbons upon Damask Perpetuals and Hybrid Chinas ; after- wards crosses were made with varieties of Prov- ence, Damask, and French Roses upon Bour- bons, Bengals, and Teas, and vice versa. ‘The progeny of these was then recrossed with differ- ent classes, and so it is we have a group of the most heterogeneous character, combining the good and bad qualities, in greater or less degree, of nearly all the others. There are certain types in this group which gather together many varie- ties, in which the relationship to some one sort is readily discerned, as the Jules Margottin type, General Jacqueminot and its progeny, and the La Reine family ; but there is a vast number of sorts whose kinship cannot be traced ; this is ow- ing to the fact that the greater number of varie- ties have been raised from mixed seed, where no ee ae ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 4} record was made of the names ; and also that in many cases, where the seed of different varieties was sown separately, there has often been a care- lessness in making such a record, dependence being placed on the memory alone. So that many varieties whose parentage is given are oftentimes not properly traced ; it being made a matter of conjecture, or left to fallible memory to recall. The varieties differ greatly in all their characteristics, and so require somewhat different culture and treatment. Those that are of vigorous growth, as in other classes, need much less pruning than those of dwarfed habit, for if cut back too severely they run too much to wood. There have been hundreds of varie- ties of this class sent out, and the number of new sorts somewhat increases each year. Eugene Ver- dier, of Paris, has been foremost in the dissem- ination of new sorts, and it will be interesting to take note of the number of varieties offered by him, including those of his own raising, for a few years back. In 1872 he offered for sale 39 new Hybrid Perpetual Roses, 8 of them his own seedlings ; in 1873 he offered 45, 10 of them his own ; in 1874 he offered 46, 10 of them his 42 THE ROSE. own ; in 1875 he offered 48, 12 of them his own; in 1876 he offered 34, 10 of them his own; in 1877 he offered 41, 10 of them his own ; in 1878 he offered 40,10 of them his own; in 1879 he offered 42, 8 of them his own. There are, of course, several new sorts each year which M. Verdier does not get hold of ; including these it will be seen that there are not less than 45 new Hybrid Perpetual Roses introduced each year ; perhaps one-fifth of them are worth grow- ing, certainly not more. The rest, either from being inferior in quality to old-established sorts, or from too great similarity to them, are ulti- mately consigned to the rubbish heap. No satis- factory selection can be made from this innu- merable class, except as made for some special end, and having some prominent features in view. We therefore give special chapters to a consideration of the best Hybrid Perpetuals for special purposes, in which the various merits and peculiarities of different varieties are discussed at some length. The Hybrid Tea Rose (Rosa Indica Odorata _ Hybrida) is a new group produced from cross- ing Teas with Hybrid Perpetuals. This is a class ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 43 but yet in an incipient state ; within a few years it is likely there will be a great number of varie- ties where now there are but few; it is also to be expected that there will be various and dis- tinct types among them. Indeed among those we already have, La France, Cheshunt Hybrid, and Beauty of Stapleford show almost as mark- ed variations as could be found among any Hybrid Perpetuals. In these three, we have La France, which, with a perfume peculiar to itself, is the sweetest of all roses, and equal to any in the profusion of bloom ; Cheshunt Hybrid, which shows the Tea blood in it8 foliage more than in any other way ; what fragrance it has is more like that of Alfred Colomb or Prince Camille than like a Tea; it seldom shows a flower after the first of August ; and Beauty of Stapleford, entirely without scent, but with a decided resem- blance to the Teas in foliage, appearance of the flowers, and profusion of bloom. These roses must prove more hardy than most of the Teas, but more susceptible to frost and of more deli- cate constitution than the majority of the Hybrid Remontants. Certain ones among: them, as La France, Duchess of Connaught, and Viscountess 44 j THE ROSE, Falmouth, combine beautiful flowers with great profusion of bloom and intense fragrance ; such are the kinds that give value to the class, and unless raisers can supply new varieties in the group which combine these three qualities, they should be withheld as unfit to send out. Jean Sisley, Captain Christy, and Beauty of Staple- ford may have value now, while the group is yet small, but being devoid of scent are not varieties to pattern after. Captain Christy occu- pies a somewhat equivocal position in this class, being seeded from a Hybrid Perpetual Rose (Victor Verdier) fertilized by the Tea Safrano, while all the others are seeded from Tea Roses fertilized by Hybrid Remontants ; but it seems eminently proper that at least all direct crosses between the two classes, no matter whether the seed parent be Tea or Hybrid Perpetual, should be grouped with the Hybrid Teas. These roses are all of moderate growth, and must have close pruning and be grown in rich soil. Most of them (ten varieties) were sent out in 1879 by Mr. Henry Bennett, of Stapleford, England. It is not yet known how desirable they will be for out-of-door culture, but for forcing under glass ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 45 a few of Bennett’s raising are proving to be of some value. They seem to produce as many flowers in the season as do the Bengals, excelling many of the Teas proper in profusion of bloom. Beauty of Stapleford and Duchess of Westmin- ster furnish very pretty rose-colored buds, which are unfortunately scentless. Duchess of Con- naught, at a first glance, might readily be mis- taken for La France, having much the same shade of color, but the flowers are somewhat smaller and of rounder form; it is the only variety which resembles La France in perfume. Jean Sisley does not open well in the house, and is a scentless variety of rather a muddy shade of color; we do not consider it of value. Nancy Lee is highly perfumed and gives lovely formed buds, but it is of very delicate habit. Michael Saunders and Viscountess Falmouth are two sorts of considerable substance, highly scented, which we consider valuable introductions; the latter has a delightful blending of the perfumes to be found in the parents President (Tea) and the Moss Soupert-et-Notting, the odor of the Moss pre- dominating. Duke of Connaught and Hon. George Bancroft are two dark roses, which will 46 THE ROSE. be more valuable to the florist, if sufficiently vig- orous, than all the rest ; the former is the deeper in shade, but, in spite of its breeding, is without scent ; the latter, though of lighter color, is highly perfumed ; both give beautiful buds. Pearl is a small rose with a distinct Bourbon fragrance, a good thing for cut flowers. The four new Hybrid Teas of French origin, Cannes La Coquette, Mme. Alexandre Bernaix, Mme. Etienne Levet, and Mdlle. Brigitte Violet, all promise to be useful sorts. This class of roses, on account of its novelty and promise of useful- ness, is now looked upon with more interest than any other, and will, in a few years, very likely prove the most popular class, excepting the Hy- brid Perpetual and Tea. The Perpetual Moss Rose (Rosa Centifolia Muscosa) has the same characteristics (and needs the same treatment) as the Moss Rose already described, but in addition to the June blossoming produces flowers during the summer and autumn. There are but three sorts which we consider worth growing. Many worthless varieties in the elass have been sent out; if the flowers were of fair quality, they were so seldom seen after the ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 4% month of June as to belie their name. Mme. Edward Ory and Salet both give mossy buds that are not equal in quality to other Mosses, but give them at a time of year when the others are not to be had, and are therefore very useful. Sou- pert-et-Notting is not encumbered with a super- fluity of moss, if it is with a name, but we have here a large rose-colored sort, very full, of fine form, and a strong delightful perfume that may keep one sniffing for a long time before he can go away satisfied. Our eyes may brighten at the sight of other autumnal roses more beautiful than this, but there are very few sorts so grateful to that other important sense—smell. With oh! and with ah ! and sundry other relevant remarks we may gloat over this rose, as does the street, Arab inspecting the pies and confections in the window of a pastry-shop. The Tea Lose (Rosa Indica Odorata) may well be taken as a synonym for. all that is deli- eately beautiful. What refinement of color ; what subdued, yet powerful, fragrance do they possess! They are indeed the centre of loveli- ness ; like fair maids at a reception surrounded by admiring groups, these lend beauty to the 48 THE ROSE, others, which may well strive to find a near ap- proach to their sweet presence, that perchance they may receive a smile, and borrow beauty, diffused from their chaste loveliness. There has always been a warm place in my heart for the Tea Rose, for, swb rosa, let me confess it, this was my first love (I fear no conjugal jealousy or censure in making this confession) ; a bed of Tea Roses planted near my father’s house first won me as a devotee to the rose, and by foliage and flower I learned to distinguish varieties among them before I even knew the names in other classes ; [I should now as soon think of doing without roses altogether as not to have a bed of Teas in my garden. Several varieties in this group were brought to England from China, their native place, in the early part of the century ; among them were the Blush Tea and Yellow Tea, two varieties from which most of the sorts now in cultivation have descended. -Both of these kinds are free seed- bearers, the Yellow Tea more particularly ; it has beautiful buds of pale yellow, but the habit of the plant being unhealthy it has now nearly gone out of cultivation. The old Blush is also no ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 49 longer named in most catalogues, but there are many rosarians still living who cherish it in affectionate remembrance and recollect it as one of the most fragrant in the family. Most of the varieties in this group are very sensitive to any neglect, and will show very quickly whether they have met with good or ill treatment ; the soil can scarcely be made too rich for their reception, but it must be light, warm, and well drained. If the place chosen consist of heavy clay soil, a foot or more must be dug out, carted away, and filled up with that which is mellow. As most of the varieties are of but moderate growth, they re- quire rather close pruning. To protect them during winter, we advise hilling up earth about the plants and then spreading over ever- green branches or /oose litter. Care must be ex- ercised that the plants be not embedded and packed down with a heavy mass, otherwise decay and death will ensue ; some air will needs be ad- mitted ; the plants must be protected but not smothered. The Tea class is much more uniform in the characteristics of the different varieties than are any of the other large groups. In judging of 50 THE ROSE. their merits we lay less stress on fulness of flower than on other claims, because that most of those which have comparatively few petals are very beautiful in bud, and it is for the buds that Teas are largely prized. Thus Isabella Sprunt and Marie Guillot are two roses highly prized, but one of them is only semi-double, while the other has sv many petals that they do not always unfold satisfactorily. The flowers vary very greatly in size as well as in fulness, some of them, like Canary, Caroline, and Monsieur Furtado, being quite small, and others being large, as Madame Bravy, Souvenir d’un Ami, ete. This has now become such a large division that it is no easy matter to select out a number of varie- ties for commendation, but those named below are at once among the most beautiful, and, at the same time, of the most healthy habit—a very im- portant feature to be considered. Bon Siléne, Isabella Sprunt, and Safrano are to be chosen for their buds only ; Mme. Falcot, a seedling of Safrano, has fuller flowers of nearly the same shade, but they are not so freely pro- duced and the habit of the plant is more feeble. The following are fine in both bud and flower : ROSES IN GENERAL CULTIVATION. 51 Bougére, Catherine Mermet, Comtesse Riza du Pare, Gerard Desbois, Homer, Jean Ducher, Jean Pernet, Madame Bravy, Madame de Vatry, Madame Lambard, Madame Welche, Marie Ducher, Marie Van Houtte, Monsieur Furtado, Niphetos (a poor grower), Perle des Jardins, Rubens, Sombreuil, Souvenir d’un Ami, Tri- omphe de Luxembourg. Among these Niphetos is the only one of bad growth, but it is so much the finest of the white Teas, that it should find a place in every collection of any size. Full de- scriptions of all these sorts will be found else- where. CHAPTER III. TECHNICAL TERMS. Tne rosarian and the hasty reader are invited to pass by this chapter, but if, unversed in rose- lore, any reader become interested in the subject, there will be found many terms, mostly botanical, which require some explanation, as presented herewith, and to which they may be glad to refer. Anther. A rounded knob at the summit of the filament ; a portion of the stamen which contains the pollen or fecundating matter of the flower. Armed. Provided with thorns or prickles. Calyx. An envelope which holds the other parts of the flower ; it consists of narrow green leaves or sepals of a pithy texture; these sepals generally cohere by their edges. Callus. A swelling which occurs at the base of a cutting previous to the formation of roots. TECHNICAL TERMS. 53 Corymb. Flower stalks produced along a com- mon stalk which rise so as to form a level top. Disbudded. Deprived of flower buds. Flower buds are pinched or cut away, in order that those remaining will attain greater perfec- tion. Eye. The stamen and pistils of a flower. Some- times this term is used synonymously with bud. Filament. The thread-like part of the stamen which supports the anther. Hip or Hep. The fruit or seed pod. Hybrid. .. Ne iat Ne again Sag bee HR: 1878 RAISERS OF THE BEST ROSES. Garcon. Rouen, France. Mme. Hippolyte Jamain........ BR. iimomphe de France... 2.0.5.5 af Pere IOUS oo bee whe ste ate " Gautreau. France. Mime. de ot. Pulgent ess. .06. 0: H.R. Canulle Bernardin... 22.55.64. - J. M. Gonod. Lyons, France. Introduced his first variety in 1868. remite: GONOW. k's a 6 eee sss H.R. Mme. Louis Donadine.......... sas Mme. Anne de Besobrassoff.... Mme. Eugéne Chambeyran..... yi Mile. Julie, Dymonier; =. 22'.0....; os Granger. General Washington. ........... Doh: Maurice Bernardin............. a Poke-of Wellington). .0..5. 05. es meposition de Brie: 2) 3.62.25 cs rr Perwatd Moret :2: 7.25. 62c00.: . * Guillot pere. Lyons, France. Introduced his first variety in 1842. Duchesse de Thuringe ......... B. DE ie Ske hes nen oe wes uy 126 THE ROSE. ford: Raclans i022. iiGtae a pees ECR. Senateurey alsse sii eee ees ef Mme. Bellenden Ker........... EON, Monsieur Nomanin:. 261545 005%: Eb. BR. Mime... Noma i. toes ease EN: Countess oP Oxtord. os. 4teewee ELAR, Bilas Doclle sr: t3-05 : . ii hescaun ie 3 1878 Madame Chédane Guinnoiseau.. ‘‘ 1880 RAISERS OF THE BEST ROSES. Liabaud. Lyons, France. Introduced his first variety in 1852. Madame Clémence Joigneaux. . i kal. Hea. Cherie is sae shee < Marquise de Mortemart......... Baron de. -Bonstettien. .. 0... ..s- oe ene Tes GU ict ok op. 2 vay kere ain Se i Mademoiselle Emma Hall....... oh Madame de Laboulaye.......... oh Madame Gabriel Luizet ........ oh Glande Bernard 2. 2.50. ic Bs es * Marest. France. Comtesse Cécile de Chabrillant...H.R. Margottin pere. Paris, France. JI TUS) SACO) eee ee ea 1B: Alexandrine Bachmetieff........ a ca CTT STEN Es 6% 5 0 a ee ri Triomphe de l’Exposition....... 3 emg’ ALOR <3 the ote eelet elt 8 sa Maries Marrottime yi... 6s. es Statics? LURHET. .< ..6sn» «es uere- f Madame de Ridder .:....35..4; fe Madame Jeanine Joubert....... B. Gloire de Bourg La Reine....... ER: 1859 1851 1852 1853 1855 1858 1863 1869 1871 1877 1879 132 THE ROSE. Margottin fils. Paris, Franee. Comte de Mortremart........... ESR: Madame Isaac Pereire.......... iB: Moreau-Robert. Angers, France. pombremil + pet ele ee eangss Madame Edward Ory..:...-..... PM loner en Oar, tee tS oe oe Pp Sapa Coty A NS Pee eee op Inlanche Moreatr i) 2550.24" M Mottheau. France. Comtesse de Choiseuil ..... 22... ek. Nabonnand. Golfe Juan, France. Duchess of Edinburgh (sent out by WieieCh) are eee aon 2 Hy. Beng. Cannes La Coquette ........... Hy.T. La Princesse Véra..........0. Tr. Duchesse de Vallombrosa...... y * Nérard. France. Giant-of Bartles..2c..- hone ae peels Oger. France. Triomphe de Beauté. .... epee EL: Madame Pierre Oger.......:... B. 1880 1880 1851 1854 1859 1859 1880 1878 1874. 1877 1878 1879 1846 1853 1878 Has sent out upward of 25 varieties, none being of first quality. RAISERS OF THE BEST ROSES. 153 Paul & Son (George Paul). Cheshunt, Eng. Werder Clyne os 5 os css fee 8S YS H.R. Dake-of-Edinbureh,.....:, a2. ee ClInabine Victor: Verdier: . . :..- ee Chesivant Bbybrid: «266. 3S Her: Poubeynelds Ole i... see ae Es MCE ONAN Sen, sult chs ae owe ee . Pake-et Connaughton. otro. Ge Climbing Bessie Johnson....... is Bemebriet 3 5 i AS ne Climbing Edward Morren ...... es Marqnis of Salishury.......-- =. es mesos heck i 82S ee timex of Cheshimt: oo... 1863 1868 1871 1872 1872 1874 1875 1878 1878 1879 1879 1880 1880 Wm. Paul & Son. Waltham Cross, Eng. Beauty of Waltham. 02.22 2.- ER PordMacaulay (5 06 ios. : Primnecss-beatrce. oo. fo. eo. ; caer lp lOssOHiy ysba2 hes bees be @acen of Waltham. :. 2.2.5... : ¥ erat oe Waltham << o6.0ai%. 2: ae Maena Charta,. .....-.4.6..03: ec Meppetic CANO 25.4) .5 ass os ates I 0 a ce ee - he umleyeinamers. Sars Y. “$ 1862 1863 1872 1874 1875 1875 1876 1876 1878 1879 134 THE ROSE. Crown drrmee: i. ver. See HR. 1880 UBSEOY PIC Ce Peas. 3 « clovvsaroatiegeciek: 1880 * George Pentland. Baltimore, Md. Woctor Kane. 5 6) whee ee NN: 1856 GeorgesPeabodye-3 eo ee B 1857 J. Pernet. Lyons, France. Mademoiselle Bonnaire.......... HN. 1859 bean Herne a. ce hee Ae iE 1867 Baroness Rothschild............ HR 1867 Marquise de Castellane..... Spd 1869 Mme. Caroline Kuster......... N. 1873 Soupert-et-Notting .... 0... 2. P.M. 1874 Souvenir de Mme. Pernet...... au 1875 Charles trevolli soi: eraveusecte. tue s 1875 AW. tllne lin Kegelle soo 25 9.5 ee H.R 1878 Kerdinand*Chaffolte. .. 20... < " 1879 * Joshua Pierce. Washington, D. C. Wie AELOVe We cer ie opt eae eeae Lee 1850 tbr aaa) 0) a1 nga ePIC ot re 1850 * Portemer. Introduced his first variety about 1837. William Grititiy:. 21 eee isBlog 1850 Lady “Stuart... eee Hy.Ch. 1852 Pierre: Notting... 3 2.005; Goake ae DR. 1863 RAISERS OF THE BEST ROSES. ft. B. Postans. England. May Cuennel go reo en les se Hy Ja, Countess of Roseberry ......... a Duchess of: Bedford. . cu... 00 oe * Pradel. France. Wittens Chia Lc INCH pA ce sore rot cons aichaueees oe N. * Rambaux. France. eileen PHOT Ft A tee 16 i Anne Marie de Montravel........ Pol. * Roussel. France. General Jacqueminot........... H.R * Sansal. France. Marguérite de St. Amande...... HR, Joseph Schwartz. Lyons, France. POU abe AAieOtanG: 7.0... .<05 0c, <2 je ie pier Wiad. £3... ooh. 8 Be Duchesse de Vallombrosa....... ef Comtesse Riza du Pare......... Ee Marquise Adele de Murinais.....H.R. eek. Williame@s... .s-. en ae . MABE oo) x oh windup viking waitin he s Mes Ohretiema i. is ba se BS 135 1878 1879 1879 1864 1873 1879 1853 1864 1871 1871 1875 1876 1876 1877 1878 1878 1878 136 THE ROSE. Madame Auguste Perrin........H.N. 1878 Madame- Oswald de Kerchove... ‘ 1879 fueme: Maria P19... osra 2 ene CLT. 1880 Rev. James Sprunt, D.D. Kenansville, N. C. Isabela: Sprumteoe at ss eee oe 1865 Janies Spranbin. oo ww) Coc e Sees oe Beng. 1856 * Touvais. France. Wire de (Caves Soi... hes ee ene Hak. 1860 Mime Julie Pa-' Caroline,mod. | | | \See Centifolia. H.R. |Gautreau, 1865. Raised from | a Be General Jacqueminot. Light crimson, medium size, semi- cupped form, fragrant; does not bloom until late in the season, and then the flowers fade easily ; never very pro- ductive. Schwartz, 1881. Pale rose, base of petals yellow. Guillot-pére, 1852. Canary yel- lew, beautiful little buds, deli- cate habit. H.T. |Nabonnand, 1877. Raised from ELT: YT; La France. Salmon, with a shade of red. Much behind the parent in value. Lacharme, 1873. Raised from Victor Verdier XK Safrano. Delicate flesh color, deepen- ing in shade towards the cen- tre, medium size, sometimes large, full; the foliage when young somewhat resembles Mahonia leaves. I!l-shaped flowers are not uncommon, but it is a most lovely sort when in perfection. Laffay, 1856. Purple-crimson, color non-permanent; dark, small foliage, in five leaflets. .|Levet, 1870. Dark red, tinged with violet. . |Trouillard, 1857. Giant of Bat- tles type. Crimson, with a tinge of purple. . Granger, 1865. Purple-red. Rosy-flesh, deeper toward cen- tre; prettily formed buds. CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. aL NaME OF VARIETY, AND Cc = LASS. HABIT OF GROWTH. | Mma. Care lime) Duc. .de - Duc de Mont . Duc de Rohan, . Ducher, free. . Duchesse . Duchesse . Duchesse . Duchesse d’Is- . Duchesse de . Duchesse| CLAss. Double Mar- gined Hep, free. Douglass, free. Duarte d’ Oli- Duc d’Aumale, free. (General Duc ad Aumatle.) Duc de Cazes. free. Ma. genta ifee, pensier, free. free. de) Cambacéres,| vig. de Caylus, mod. de Chartres trie, mod. Morny, vig. d’.Orléamnis,| free. H.R. H.R. . |Fontaine, 1854. ai) oe Crdienr, si675. .|White, tinged with pink, flat form, full ; good. V. Verdier, 1848. Crimson, me- dium size, double, fine in the bud. A valuable variety for house-culture. Brassac, 1880. Raised from Ophirie X Réve @’ Or. Salmon- rose, coppery at base, medium size, full. E..cVerdier, 1875::. Crimsoneea good sort, not unlike AZaurice Bernardin, Touvais, 1860. Violet-crimson, not a pure shade; double; numerous stout thorns. Margottin, 1859. Flesh, shaded with fawn, thick petals, full. A large, good tea. Lévéque, 1876. Red, shaded with crimson; a good sort. Lévéque, 1861. Vermilion, large, well formed. Ducher, 1869. Pure white, well formed. Lilac rose, im- pure color; double. 2 . |C. Verdier, 1864. Rosy-crimson, large, double. Bright rose. Portemer, 1857. Rose color, nut valuable. E. Verdier, 1863. Bright rose; erect growth; mildew. Quetier, 1852. Blush, large, full ; often opens badly, and is sub- ject to mildew. CATALOGUE OF NAME OF VARIETY, AND) HaBiT OF GROWTH. 274. 275, 276; 277- 278. 279. 280. 281. VARIETIES. 220 Cass. Duchesse de Thuringe, free. Duchesse_ de Vallombrosa, mod. Duchesse de Vallombrosa. Duchess of Connaught, dwf. Duchess of Bedford, mod. Duchess of, Edinburgh, mod. B. |Guillot-pére, 1847. White, slight- ly tinged with lilac; a free bloomer. HR: |Schwartz,: 1875. - Raised: from Jules Margottin. Pink, gen- erally opens badly ; not valu- able. T. |Nabonnand, 1879. Coppery-red, distinct. H.T. |Bennett, 1879. Raised from President XK Duchesse de Val- lombrosa (H.R.) Silvery-rose ; of large, globular form ; full, highly scented. Resembles La France, but the flowers are more circular, the foliage larger and better. It retains its glob- ular form, the petals recurv- ing to a less extent; but Za france is, notwithstanding, much the better sort. H.R. |R. B. Postans, 1879. (Sent out by W. Paul & Son.) Belongs to the Victor Verdier type. Cherry- red ; not very promising. H.R. |Dunand, 1874. (Given by the raiser to Schwartz, by him sold to Henry Bennett, who sent it out.) Belongs to /ules Mar- gottin type. Pink, not valua- ble Duchess of Beng. ‘Nabonnand, 1874. (Sent out by Edinburgh, mod. Duchess ofH.R. |Margottin, 186r. Norfolk, free. Veitch). Raised from Souvenir du David @ Angers. A Bengal with Tea blood. Crimson, turning lighter as the bud ex- pands; of good size, mode- rately full. (Sent out by Wood.) Rosy-red, medium 224. THE ROSE. NAME OF VARIETY, AND LASS. HapiT OF GROWTH. Crass 282. Duchess of] H.R. Sutherland,vig. 233. Dirchess oft H.7; Westminster, mod. or dwf. 284. Duke of Al-| H.R. bany. 285. Duke of Con-| H.R. naught, mod. 286. Duke of Con-} H.T. naught, dwf. or mod. 287. Duke of Edin-| H.R. burgh, vig. size, cup-shaped ; a shy bloom- er, and not valuable. \Laffay, 1840. Rosy-pink, large, full ; shy in autumn. iBennett, 1879. Raised from President X Marquise de Cas- tellane. Satiny-pink, shaded with rose, sometimes the color is carmine-rose; large, full flowers, with a faint Tea odor. The flowers are apt to be irreg- ularand not of good finish, the buds are generally good. Sub- ject to mildew. W. Paul & Son, 1882. Crimson. G. Paul, 1875. Deep, velvety- crimson, with a fiery flush ; me-. dium size, full, well formed ; burns badly, very shy in au- tumn. In England this is one of the finest dark roses; we have seen it in grand form at the raiser’s, but it has no val- ue for out-door culture in this country, Bennett, 1879. Raised from Pves- wdent X Louts Van Houtte. Rosy-crimson, large, full, well formed, good in bud, almost without fragrance; the buds do not always open. A fine rose when well grown, but it will never be useful for ordi- nary cultivators. G. Paul, 1868. Raised from General Jacqueminot. Bright crimson, large, double flow- ers, little fragrance ; foliage large and attractive. Occa- sionally this is very fine early CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 220 M F VARIET N NamME o RIETY, AND] Gy acc HaBIT OF GROWTH. 288. Duke of Teck, vig. 289. Duke of Well- ington, mod. 290. Dumnacus, mod. 291. Dupetit Thou-: ars, vig. | | 292. Dupuy Jamain.| free. —-. Du Roi. 293..Earl. of Bea-| consfield, dwf. 294. Eclatante, free.| HA. FL. Hk. ER: M. 295. EdmundWood,| H.R. mod. | in the season, but the flowers lack substance and durability of color. It is more shy in the autumn than the parent ; not to be commended for gen- eral culture. G. Paul, 1880. Raised from Duke of Edinburgh. Very bright crimson ; not well test- ed in this country ; we were much pleased with it as seen at Cheshunt. Granger, 1864. Red, shaded with crimson. . |Moreau-Robeit, 1880. Raised from Countess of Oxford. Car- mine-red. Portemer, 1844. Raised from Emile Courtier. Deep red, shaded with crimson; hardy, non-autumnal. Jamain, 1868. Cherry-red, with a shade of crimson; large, double, well formed, fragrant ; a good seed-bearer. Were this more full, it would be a rose of the first rank. See Rose du Roi. Christy, 1880. (Sent out by G. Paul.) Cherry-rose, medium size, beautiful form. Cherry rose, buds of good form, well mossed ; darker than the Common or Prolific, one of the best. Why this rose has passed out of cultivation we do not know ; there are but three in the class as good. \E. Verdier, 1875. Red, flower- ing in corymbs; short, reddish wood. 226 THE ROSE. “Haare Gr Gaowtn, | CCAS ‘ | 296. Edward An-| H.R. dré, free. 297. Edward Des-| B. fossés, free. 298. Edward Du-| H.R four, free. 299. Edward Jesse,| H.R. free: 3co. Edward Mor-} H.R. ren, vig. 301. Edward Py-| H.R. nzrt, free. 302. Egeria, dwf. or} H.R. mod, 303. Elie Morel,| H.R. mod, [mod. 304. Elise Flory.) Beng. 305. Elise Sauvage,| T. dwf. (L’enfan trouve.) . |Lévéque, 1877. E. Verdier, 1879. with purple. ‘Renard-Courtier, 1840. Carmine- | rose, medium size, double, or nearly full, fragrant. An ex- cellent rose. Red, tinged Raised from Annie Woed. Crimson, tinged with purple. Deep rose, small, double. Granger, 1868. (Sent out by Charles Lee.) Raised from Jules Margottin. Deep cherry- rose, large, flat flowers, very full; sometimes comes with a green centre. A finer sont when well grown. ‘Schwartz, 1877. Raised from An’oine Ducher. Red, shaded with crimson-purple, a bad color; medium or small size, fragrant. ‘Schwartz, 1878. (Sent out by Bennett.) Raised from /zdes Margottin, Salmon-pink, a very lovely shade; medium size, full, semi-globular; not of good constitution. For ex- perienced cultivators this is a superb sort. Boucharlat, 1867. (Sent out by Liabaud.) Lilac-rose, full, fra- grant; green wood, with occa- sional red spines ; the charac- ter of its growth is not pleas- ing. Shy in autumn. Guillot-pé:e, 1852. Shaded rose. Micllez, 1818. Orange-yellow, medium size, full. CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. NAME OF VARIETY, as Hasit oF GROWTH. 300. 307. 308. 399- 310. hE. 312. 314. Elise Boelle, mod. or dwf. Elizabeth Vig- neron, free. Emile Cour- tier, free. Emilia Plan-| tier, free. Emily Haus- bourg, free. Emily Laxton. Empereur de Maroc, mod. . Empereur de Brésil. Empress of In- dia, free. CLASs. H.N. FR: FGh: Fok. FER: FER; Bink: Guillot-pére, 1869. White, deli- cately tinged with pink, me- dium size, full, beautiful cir- cular form ; light green wood, armed with numerous small spines. A lovely rose. Vigneron, 1865. (Sent out by W. Paul.) Raised from Duchess of Sutherland.) Bright pink, fragrant ; an inferior A/zss Has- sara, Portemer. Bright red, a good seed-bearer. . |Schwartz, 1878. Yellowish-white, semi-double, sometimes dou- ble, ill formed ; utterly worth- less. Lévéque, 1868. Lilac-rose, a muddy shade ; large, full, glob- ular form, fragrant. Its bad color destroys its usefulness. Laxton, 1877. (Sent out by G. Paul.) Belongs to Jules Mar- goltintype. Cherry-rose, good in the bud. Guinoiseau, 1858. (Sent out by E. Verdier.) Belongs to Giant of Battles type. Crimson, tinged with purple. ‘Soupert & Notting, 1880. genta-red. Laxton, 1876. (Sent out by G. Paul.) Raised from 7r/omphe des Beaux Arts. Brownish- crimson, medium size, globu- lar, fragrant; dark green foli- age, spines light colored. Many of the buds do not open well, and it is shy in the au- tumn; a splendid sort when perfect. Ma- ——— —~ 228 THE ROSE. cae 315. Ernest Prince.| H.R. |Ducher & Sceur, 1881. Raised from Aztoine Ducher. Red, shaded in centre. 316. Etienne Du-| H.Ch./Levet, 1873. Light rose color, puy, vig. medium size, cupped shape ; thick shoots, nearly smooth ; tough foliage. 317. Etienne Levet,| H.R. |Levet, 1871. Raised from Victor mod. Verdier. Carmine-red; one of the finest in the type. 318. Etna, mod. M. |Laffay, 1845. Crimson, tinged F with purple. Not of first rank. 319. Etoile del: T. iGuillot, 1881. Deep-yellewsya Lyon. rival for Perle des Jardins. 320. Eugéne Ap-| H.R. |Troui'lard, 1859. . Belongs to pert, dwf. or Giant of Battles type. Velvety- mod. maroon, shaded with deep crimson. A rose of superb color, but with all the family failings. 321. Eugéne Beau-| Beng.|Moreau, 1865. Crimson ; agood harnais, mod. sort, but inferior to Agrippzna. 322. Eugénie Gui-| M. |Guinoiseau, 1865. Red, shaded noiseau, mod. with violet ; very subject to mildew ; poor. 323. Eugéne Pi-| N. |Red,tinged with crimson; near- rolle, vig. (Aa- ly hardy ; not of high quality. miral Rigney.) 324. Eugénie Ver-| H.R. |Guillot-fils, 1869. Raised from dier, dwf. Victor Verdier. Silvery-pink, tinged with fawn; a lovely shade: fine in the bud. One of the best of the type. 325. Evéque de) H.R. |Damaizin, 1856. Raised from Nimes, mod. Giant of Battles. Crimson, il- lumined with fiery red; very tender and delicate. 326. Exposition de} H.R. |Granger, 1865. The same as Brie. Maurice Bernardin, 327. Fabvier. Beng.|Laffay. Rosy-crimson, semi- double. CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 229 NAME OF VARIETY, AND CLASS. Hasit OF GROWTH. - 328. -Felicien’ D'a-| H.R. |E-/Verdier, 1872... Deep rose, vid, tinged with purple. 329. Felicité Per-| Ev. |Jacques, 1828. Creamy-white, petuelle, vig. small, full. Must be sparing- ly pruned. 330. Félix Genero. | H.R. |Damaizin, 1866. Violet-rose. 331. Fellemberg,| N. |Rosy-crimson. Like Lugéne vig. Pirolle. 332. Ferdinand) H.R. |Pernet, 1879. Reddish-crimson, Chaffolte. not well formed, without fra- grance ; does not seem anad- dition of merit. 333. Ferdinand de| H.R. |E. Verdier, 1869. See Maurice Lesseps, free. Bernardin. 334. Firebrand,| H.R. |Labruyére, 1873. (Sent out by dwf. W. Paul.) Crimson, medium size, double, good, circular form, cup-shaped, fragrant; shy in autumn. Not unlike André Leroy. 335. FisherHolmes,) H.R. |E. Verdier, 1865. May be briefly free. described as an improved Gen- eral Jacqueminot,; the flowers are fuller and more freely pro- duced. A very valuabie sort. 336. Flag of the} T. {Described by Hallock & Thorpe Union, as ‘fa sport from Acn Szléne, being a fac-simile of the parent in habit of growth and free- dom of bloom ; the flowers are equal in size to Boz Silene. The markings are not quite so distinct as in American Ban- ner, t.e. the predominant color is rose instead of white, but each flower is regularly mark- ed; it is a very pleasing va- ; rieby.” 337. Flavescens,| T. |Introduced from China about mod. (Yellow 1824. Light yellow, long, fine Tea.) buds, fragrant. This has been 230 NAME OF VARIETY, AND HABIT OF GROWTH. 338. Flora Nabon- nand, mod. 330: bon tieme lire: mod. 340. Fontenelle. 341. Fortunei, vig. 342. Fortune’s Dou- ble Yellow, vig. 843.0428 Nic o1's Arago, mod. 344 ran G0 1s Courtin, free. S45 tau G.OaisS Fontaine, mod. 346. -F 1an.¢ ois Gaulain. 347. Pian -CO.1S Hérincq. 3382 0ia nG-01 8 Lacharme, free. 349; F-rnam.¢0 is Louvat. 350. Fora n ¢ 0.1/5) Levet. 351. F rame ons Michelon, free. THE ROSE. CLAss. ECR HR. AR. Fike GR: HR: Je pees HR: H.R. the parent of many of our fin- est yellow Teas. Nabonnand, 1877. Canary-yel- low, edged with rose. Vibert, 1849. Rose color, not mossy; poor. ‘Moreau-Robert, 1877. Carmine- red. . Introduced by Fortune, from China, in 1850. Blush-white. . |Introduced by Fortune, from China, in 1845. Bronzed yel- low. Trouillard, 1859. Belongs to Giantof Battlestype. Velvety- maroon, illumined with fiery red. Resembles Lord Raglan. E. Verdier, .1873.. ‘Cherry-red; shaded with crimson, semi- globular, full, somewhat fra- grant ; thorns yellowish red. C. Fontaine, 1867. Rosy-crim- son, fine, globular form, in the style of Sévateur Vatsse. Schwartz, 1878. Deep purplish crimson. E. Verdier, 1878. Red, globular form. V.-Verdié> gor. Rosy-car- mine, tinged with deep violet- red. Violet-red, globular form. A. Levet, 1880. Cherry-rose, medium size; style of Paul Verdier. Levet, 1871., Raised from Za Reine. Deep rose, tinged with lilac, very large, full, of fine,” globular form; fragrant, free- blooming. The wood and CATALOGUE OF. VARIETIES. ao L NAME OF VARIETY, eee : Hasit oF GrowTuH. Crass. foliage are light-green, erect habit, thorns not numerous, wood long jointed, the foliage somewhat crimpled. A very distinct choice sort; excel- ling in June and July, when other kinds are past their prime, and also in the au- tumn. 352. Francois/ H.R. |Trouillard, 1858. Red, shaded Premier, mod. with crimson. 353. Frangois| H.R. |Liabaud, 1866. Fiery-red, glob- Treyve. ular form. 354. Gabriel Tour-| H.R. |Levet, 1876. In habit like Pe- nier, iree: onia. Rosy-red, large, glob- ular flowers, free in autumn. 355. Gaston Lé-| H.R. |Lévéque, 1878. Bright rosy- véque, free or crimson, large, full ; spines of mod. yellowish-green. 356. Gem of the} P. |A. Burgess, 1865. Believed to Prairies, free. be from Queen of Paris X Ma- dame Laffay. Rosy-red. Oc- casionally blotched with white; ’ large, flat flowers, slightly fra- grant. — General Duc See Duc d’Aumale. d’Aumale. 357. General J ac-|H.Ch.|Laffay, 1846. Purple-crimson. queminot, vig. a68, General Jac | T-R, |Rouselet, 1353: A probable queminot, vig. seedling from the old Hybrid China Glotve des Rosomanes. Brilliant crimson, not full, but large and extremely effective ; fragrant, and of excellent, hardy habit. 359. General Simp-| H.R. |Ducher, 1855. Cherry-rose me- son, free. dium size, pretty form ; crect growth, tender. 360. General Tar-| T. |Bernéde. Deep, mottled rose, tas, free. sometimes tinged with buff; 232 NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hasir OF GROWTH. 361. 362. 363. 364. 365. 306. 367. 368. 369. THE ROSE, General Von Moltke, mod. General Wash- ington, mod. | i Génie de Cha- teaubriand,| free or mod. George Baker. | | | George Mo- reau, Vig. George Pea- body, mod. George Prince, | free or vig. George the Fourth, vig. George Vibert, free. H.R. MEG. H.R. |Moreau-Robert, H.R. | H.Ch. Prov. . Granger, ‘Oudin. beautiful buds, good habit. An excellent rose. . Bell & Son, 1873. Raised from Charles Lefebvre. Same style as the parent, but much infe- rior to it. 1861. Raised from Triomphe del’ Exposition. Red, shaded with crimson, large, very full, flat form; the flow- ers are Often malformed, great- ly lessening its value. A pro- fuse bloomer, and when in perfection, a very fine sort. Violet-rose, very large, full, flat, or quartered shape. A bad colored rose. Gia’ LoSit ‘*Pure lake, shaded with cerise, almost mildew proof; in the way of Dupuy Jamain, but distinct.” 180... Raised from Paul Neyron. Bright red, shaded with vermilion, very large, full, opening well. Pentland, 1857. Probably from Paul Joscph. Rosy-crim- i son, medium or small size, fragrant. Bourbons, full, well foimed, One of the best highly commended. V. Verdier, 1864. Rosy-crimson, quite smooth wood; a free blooming, excellent rose. Rivers. Cr mson, semi-double or double ; no longer of any value. Robert, 1853. Rosy - purple, striped with white, medium size, CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. par | NaME OF VARIETY, AND : CLAss. HaBIT OF GROWTH. = 370. Gérard Des-| T. |Bright red, of good form; one of bois, vig. the hardiest, and most useful | in the class. 371. Giant of Bat-} H.R. |Nérard, 1846. Sent out by Guil- tles, dwf. lot-pére. Deep, fiery crimson, very brilliant and rich when first opening, but quickly fades, medium or small size, full, well formed, handsome, Bourbon-like foliage, very lia- ble to mildew. ‘This variety and all of its type are of del- icate constitution. 372. Gigantésque,| T. |Odier, 1845. Deep rose, some- free. times mottled ; often fine, but apt to come malformed or somewhat coarse. 373. Gloire de Bor-| C].T. |Lartoy, 1861. Raised from Glotre deaux, vig. de Dijon. Rose color, tinged with fawn. 374. Gloire de H.R. |Margottin, 1879. Vivid red, dou- Bourg la. ble. Reine, mod. 395. Glerr ede) Cl.T. |Jacotot,.1853. In. color .a:com- Dijon, vig. bination of rose, salmon and yellow; flowers very large, very full, good globular form, the outer petals inclined to fade. A very useful rose, prob- ably the hardiest of the Teas. 376. Gloire de Du-| H.R. |Ducher, 1864. Crimson-purple, cher, vig. large, very full, subject to mil- dew. Ifthe color were perma- nent,thiswould bea good kind. —, Gloire de Pa-| H.R./A deceit. Sent out as a new ris. sort; it is but Anne de Dies- bach. 377. Gloire des Ro-| B. |Vibert. Brilliant crimson, semi- somanes, free. double, 378. Gloire de San-| H.R. |Ducher, 1859. Raised from Ger- 9 4 ve THE ROSE, NAME OF VARIETY, AND HasiT oF GrowTu. 390. . Glory of Wal- . Goubault, free . Gracilis, free./ . Great Western, . Gréville, . Guillaume Gil-' . Gustave Thier-| . Harrison Weir, tenay, free or mod. -Gloirende*Vi- try, free. . Glory of Ches- hunt, vig. . Glory of Moss- es, mod. tham. or mod. (Prolific.) free. vig. | (Seven Sisters.) lemont. Ty. free or mod. Harrison’s Yellow, free. H.Ch.|Laffay. CLass. Crimson, eral Jacqueminot. out of tinged with violet ; date. H.R. |Masson, 1855. Raised from Za Reine. Bright rose. H.R. |G. Paul, 1880. Raised from Charles Lefebvre, Rich crim- son, double, very effective. Vibert, 1852. Pale rose, very large, full, flat form; not at- tractive in the bud ; the foli- age is very large. H.Cl.|Vigneron, 1865. (Sent out by W. Paul.) Crimson, double, fragrant. T. |Goubault, 1843. Rose, tinged with salmon; resembles Box. St/éne, but inferior to it. Deep pink buds, surrounded with delicate, fringe-like moss. The most beautiful of all the moss roses. Red, shaded with crim- son, double, fragrant ; poor. Mult. |Blush, tinged and striped with various shades, smal! or me- dium size ; a tender variety of no value. Schwartz, 1880. Raised from Madame Charles Wood. Rosy- carmine. M. M. HER. H.R. |Oger, 1880. Cherry-red. H-eRS | Purner;) 1370: Raised from Charles Lefebvre X Xavier Olibo. Velvety crimson, bright- ened with scarlet. A. |Harrison, 1830. Golden yellow, medium size, semi-double;. generally has nine teaflets, a CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 235 NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hasit oF GrRowTu. 391. Helen Paul. 392. Helvetia. 393. Henri Lecogq,| wi. 394. Henri Led é- chaux, dwf. 395. Henri Martin. 396. Henry Bennett, mod. 397. Hermosa, mod.| (A Ht SOX Setina.) 398. Hippolyte Ja- main, mod. 399. Homer, vig. | | | CLASS. freer bloomer than /Persiax Yellow. This is believed to be a hybrid between the com- mon Austrian and a Scotch rose. H.R. |Lacharme, 1881. Raised from Victor Verdier XK Sombreutt. White, sometimes shaded with pink ; large globular flowers. T. |Ducher, 1873. Pink, tinged with fawn. T. |Ducher, 1871. Rosy-flesh, small, beautiful buds ; delicate habit. | H.R. |Ledéchaux, 1868. Belongs to Victor Verdier type. Carmine- rose. M. |Portemer, 1862. Red, not valu- able. H.R. |Lacharme, 1875. Raised from Charles Lefebvre. Crimson, - medium size, mildews, and burns badly ; shy in autumn, and of no value. B. |Marcheseau, 1840. Bright rose, medium or small size, double ; constantly in flower, bushy | habit. I1.R. |Lacharme, 1874. Belongs to Victor Verdier type. Carmine- red, well built flowers; the foliage when young has a deeper shade of red than is seen in any other sort, and is also the handsomest. We find this the hardiest of the type. T. |Moreau-Robert, 1859. Salmon- rose, often richly mottled; a free bloomer, moderately hardy, best in the open air; the buds are very beautiful, 236 THE LOSE, NAME OF VARIETY, AND LASS, HaBit oF GROWTH. Cas 400. Hon. George| H.T. Bancroft, dwf. or mod, 401. Horace Vernet,| H.R. dwf. or mod. 402- Hor ten svaz| ~T. free. 403. Hyménée,| T. mod. 404. Ida, mod. a 405. Impé ratrice Beng Eugénie, free. 406; Tnnoeen tel>-E.., | Pirola, mod. |Laffay. ‘Madame Ducher, 1875. even though of variable shades. Certainly one of the most use- ful tea roses. Bennett, 1879. From JAZladame de St. Foseph K Lord Macau- fav. Red, shaded with violet- crimson, large, full flowers, and good, pointed buds; of- ten comes malformed ; highly scented, a combination of the perfumes found in the parent varieties ; the wood is nearly smooth, the foliage is large, dark, and handsome. The color is not deep enough, and is too sullied to make this of value for winter-forcing. Guillot-fils, 1866. Crimson, il- lumined with scarlet, large, double; of beautiful wavy outline; nearly smooth wood, of delicate constitution. Few roses have such love y form as this. Ducher, 1871. Rose color, back of petals a washed-out pink ; a coarse, poor sort. Pale _ sulphur-yellow, large, full. Pale vellow, double. Béluze, 1855. Silvery-rose, me- dium size, full, fragrant; a good variety, and would be very useful had we not La France. Subject to mildew; shows Bourbon character. Madame Ducher, 1878. Clouded white, medium size, full, well- formed buds. In the style of CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 937 NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hasit oF GrowrTuH. 407. Isabella (Bella), mod. or free- 408. Isabella Gray, free. 409), 1 s.a-bvelda Sprunt, free. [free. 410. jacques Lafitte, 411. James Sprunt, vig. 412. James Veitch, dwf. Jaune Desprez. 413. Jaune d'Or, dwf. 414. Jean Bodin, free, 415. Jean Brosse, mod. CLass. c. N: Niphetos, but is inferior to it in all respects save mere vigor of growth. Cels, 1838. Creamy-white ; once a popular sort. Andrew Gray, 1854. Raised from Cloth of Gold. Golden yellow ; has the good and bad qualities of the parent. Rev. James M. Sprunt, D.D., 1865. (Sent out by Isaac Buchanan.) A_ sport from Safrano. Sulphur yellow, very beautiful in the bud. Well known as one of the most use- ful kinds. H.R. |Vibert, 1846. Rosy-crimson, Beng.|Rev. James Sprunt, 1858. (Sent PLM; nid out by: Ps Henderson) )), A climbing sport from ply an inferior Charles Lefeb- vre, not worthy of cultivation. 785. President Lin-| H.R. |Granger, 1863. Vermilion-red, coln, free. tinged with crimson, the flow- ers are much like General Washington, but inferior in quality to that variety, the | habit of growth is stronger. 786. President Mas,' H.R. |Guillot-fils, 1865. Raised from 790. 791. 792. free. 2 Psreisid emt Schlachter, free or vig. . President Thiers, dwf. . Pride of Wal- tham, mod. Prince Arthur, free. Prince Camille de Rohan, free. Prince de Por- tia; free. H.R. HOR: H.Re IW Paul 2188, HER. HGR. H.R. |E. Verdier, | | spreading, shy in autumn. Triomphe de ? Exposition. Red, shaded with crimson, often comes with bad centre. E. Verdier, 1877. Reddish-crim- son, tinged with violet. Lacharme, 1871. Belongs to the Victor Verdier type. Carmine- red, one of the darkest colored in the type. Belongs to the Victor Verdier type. Flesh color, shaded with rose, a deeper shade than Eugenie Verdier. Cant, 1875. Belongs to the General Facqueminot: type. Deep crimson, smaller but better formed than Facque- minot. EE... Verdier, F861... Very deep .velvety-crimson, large, mod- erately full, habit somewhat A good rose, of splendid color. 1865. Vermilion, large, full, well formed, one of the most fragrant, somewhat CATALOGUE OF wo ~2 Gr VARIETIES. _ NAME OF VARIETY, AND HaBiT OF GROWTH. 793- 794. 795. 796. 797: 798. 799- 800. Sol. = 802. §03. Prince Hum- bert, {ree or mod. Prince Léon, mod. Prince of Wales, mod. Prince Paul Demidoff, free. Prince Pros- per d’Arem- berg. Princess Ade- laide, vig. Princess Alice, vig. Princess An- toinette Stroz- zio, free. Princess Bea- trice, mod. Princess Char- lotte de la Tré- mouille, mod. P Ein Ce sss Christian, mod. CLAss. subject to mildew. A splen- did variety. H.R. |Margottin, 1867. Crimson, large, well formed, excellent. H.R. |Marest, 1852. Rosy-crimson, stiff, short wood. Laxton, 1869. (Sent out by G. Paul.) From Louise Peyionny xX Victor Verdier. Pink, very large, double. Guillot-fils, 1873. H.R. Ea Satiny-rose. Soupert & Notting, 1880. Sal- mon-red. Laffay, 1845. Pale rose, me- dium size, not very mossy, but good in bud and flower ; dark foliage, which is often varie- gated. W>. Paul, 1853. Luxembourg. well mossed. Tike Verdier; 1874; ) Red; large, full, well formed ; slightly in the way of AZarie Rady. W. Paul, 1872. Belongs to the Victor Verdier type. ~ Pink, globular flowers ; fades quickly and is not desirable. Léveque, .1877., . Pale. satiny- rose, medium size, full, some- what fragrant; not of first quality, but very free bloom- ing, and therefore of some value. H.R. |W. Paul, 1870. Salmon-rose, does not open well; worth. less. Raised from Violet-rose, not H.R. FR. NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hasit oF GROWTH. THE ROSE. CLaAss. 804. 805. 806. 807. 808. 809. 810. Sit. O12. 813. 814. Prince ssjProv. Clementine, vig. P £in- Crers.S|-R: Louise, mod. Princess|H.Cl. Louise Vic- toria, vig. Princess Marie H.R. Dolgorouky,}| iiee: Princess Mary, H.R. of Cambridge, mod. Princess Ma-| H.R. thilde, mod. Vibert, 1842. A beautiful white rose, much resembling, but not equalling, Blanchefleur. Laxton, 1870. (Sent out by G. Paul.) Raised from JAZme. Vidot X Virginal. Blush, me- dium size, good. Knight, 1872. Salmon-pink, Princess of| H.R. Wales, free. Professor Koch, free. H.R. Pumila, free. N. [bra, mod. Purpurea Ru-|~M, Queen Elean-| H.R. OL, nl oid. oT free, medium size, fine globular form, not fragrant; dark fo- liage, wood nearly smooth. A splendid rose. Gonod,. 1878. Raised from Anne de Diesbach, Satiny-rose, very large. Granger, 1866. (Sent out by G. Paul.) From Duchess of Suth- erland X Fules Margottin. Sal- mon-pink, often mottled; a fine sort, now surpassed by Countess of Serenyeand Lgeria. Liabaud, 1860. (Sent out by Jéan — Pernet.) Burgundy- crimson, a lovely shade, me- dium size, double, never full. It seems as though this must be the founder of the Baron de Bonstetten type. W. Paul, 1864. Crimson, cup- ped form, double. E. Verdier, 1861. Cherry-red, medium size, double, erect growth, liable to mildew. Origin and raiser unknown, Salmon-rose, seeming to have Safrano blood, very free. Purplish-red, a bad color. W. Paul, 1876. Pink, tinged with magenta-red, large, full, well formed ; wood and thorns light green. A very beautiful NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hasit oF GROWTH. CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 815. Oueen of Ayrshires, vig. 816. Queen of Bed- ders, dwf. chy Omeen of Bourbons,| . mod. or dwf. Sasa aree n) sof Queens. 819. Queen of the Belgians, vig. S20. Queen of the Prairies, vig. $21. Queen of Wal-| tham, mod. 822. Queen’s Scar- let, mod. B23.70 wee n= Vic-| toria, mod. | 824. R. Dudley; Baxter. 825. Red Dragon,' free. | CLASS. B. ALR. Ay. HR: Beng. ERs EER: H.R. rose when perfect, but sparse- ly produced and not reliable. Rivers. Violet-crimson, semi- double, small. Noble, 1877, Raised from Sir F. Paxton. Crimson, medium size, very full; a free flower- ing sort. The color is not very durable. Mauger, 1834. Fawn and rose, medium or small size, fra- grant, very free; of delicate habit. W. Paul, 1882. ‘‘ Pink, with blush edges, large and full, and of perfect form; grows and flowers freely.” White, small, double. Feast, 1843. Rosy-red, fre- quently with white stripe, me- dium or large size, double; foliage large, five leaflets, quite deeply serrated. W.. Pauls~1875..,-Cherry-red; of good size, very fragrant, does not bloom till late; a variety of fair quality. Hallock & Thorpe, 1880. Crim- son, seems to be an improved A srippina. Fontaine, 1850. (Sent out by W. Paul.) Raised from La Reine. Blush with pink cen- tre, large, very full, globular ; does not open well. W. Paul, 1879. Maroon, large size. W. Paul, 1878. Crimson, large, rather loose flowers ; not val- uable. 278 THE ROSE. Name OF VARIETY, AND! Gy age, H 826. 827 828. $29. 830. 831. ABIT OF GROWTH. Red Gauntlet.) H.R. . Red Rover,| H.Cl. vig. Red Safrano. 4 i ReineBlanche, ‘ mod. ReineBlanche, mod. ReineBlanche, mod. H.R. H.R. Reine de Por- tugal, mod. . Reine des Massifs, vig. . Reine des Vio- lettes, free. . Reine du Mi-| H.R. di, free or vig. H.R. . Reine Emma) T. des Pays Bas, free. . Reine Pia, vig. Maria . Reine Marie| Cl.T. Henriette, vig. “Réve d’Or, N: free. “Rev og. Ba) FR Camm, mod. \W. Paul, 1863. . (Schwartz, 1880. W. Paul & Son, 1881. Crimson. Red, tinged with crimson. See Safrano a fleur Rouge. Robert, 1858. White, a shy blooming sort. Damaizin, 1868. Raised from La Reine. Blush, well-formed. Crozy, 1869. Raised from V7e- tor Verdier. Flesh-white, shad- ed with rose. Guillot-fils, 1867. Coppery- yellow, blending with rose, large, very full ; an eminently distinct sort, but does not open well. Levet, 1874. medium size. Mille-Mallet, 1860, Raised from Pius the Ninth. Violet-red, a muddy color. Robert, 1868. The same as Za Reine, though supposed by some to be larger and fuller. Nabonnand, 1879. Yellow, shad- ed with reddish salmon. Salmon - yellow, Raised from Gloire de Dijon, Deep rose, the centre reddish-crimson. Levet, 1878. From A¢me. Bérard XGen. Facgueminot. Cher- ry-red, a pure shade, large, double, somewhat fragrant; a beautiful, but rather unpro- ductive sort. Ducher, 1869. Buff-yellow, me- dium size, full. Turner, 1875. Belongs to the Fules Mai gottin type. Carmine- rose, a fine enduring shade, CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 279 NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hapit oF Growru. | CLASS. large or medium size, semi- globular form ; one of the most fragrant and free blooming. A superb rose. 840. Richard Lax-| H.R. |Laxton, 1878. (Sent out by ton, free. Turner.) Reddish -crimson, large, full ; somewhat resem- bles MWaréchal Vaillant. 841. Richard Smith,) H.R. |E. Verdier, 1861. Belongs to mod. the Gen. Facqueminot type. Crimson, tinged with purple, not valuable. 842. Richard Wal-| H.R. |Lévéque, 1871. Red, very large ; lace, free. not of first quality. 843. Rivers, free. H.R. |Laffay, 1839, Rose color, large, flat form, not valuable. 844. Robert Mar-| H.R. |G. Paul, 1878. Belongs to the nock, free or Duke of Edinburgh type. vig. Brownish-crimson, double, not free in autumn. 845. Rose du Roi,| Dam. |Lélieur, 1812. Bright crimson, mod. (Crimson large, double, very fragrant ; Perpetual.) occasionally blooms in au- tumn. 846. Rosieriste| H.R. |E. Verdier, 1879. Velvety-red, Harms, free. shaded with crimson, slightly resembling M/me. Victor Ver- der. 847. Rosieriste| H.R. Madame Ducher, 1880. Bright Jacobs, free. red. $48. Rosy Morn,| H.R. |W. Paul, 1878. Belongs to the dwf. Victor Verdier type. Salmon- pink, a deeper shade than Eugenie Verdier; peculiar wood and foliage more like Captain Christy than any other variety. A good rose, but with too many imperfect blooms. 849. Royal Stand-| H.R. |Turner, 1874. Satiny - rose, ard, mod. tinged with lilac, a large, well- formed, globular flower. 230 NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hasit oF GROWTH. Crass. 850, Royal | Tea,)- T. mod. 851. Rubens, mod.| H.R. 852. Rubens, free.| T. 853. Rugosa Alba, vig. 854. Rugosa Rubra, vig. 855. S. Reéynolds| H.R. Hole, mod. 856. uSalrano, -free!|. fF. 857. Safranoa fleur| T. Rouge, mod. (Red Safrano.) | G. Paul, 1872. THE ROSE. White, faintly tinged with yel- low, long, beautiful buds, del- icate habit. Laffay, 1852. Bright red, a fine color, flowers loose. Moreau - Robert, 1859. Rosy- flesh, deeper at centre, large, full, well formed, fine in the bud. An excellent variety. A species from Japan, intro- duced some years ago. White, large size, five petals, fragrant. A beautiful single rose. Also from Jap:n. Deep rose, tinged with viotet, single, fragrant. The flowers are succeeded by very bright col- ored heps of large size, which in the autumn are exceedingly attractive. The leaflets are nine in number, of dark color, very tough and durable. These two kinds are splendid shrubs for borders. Maroon, flushed with scarlet-crimson, medium size, full, well formed ; shy in the autumn and _ subject to mildew. A rose of great beauty but not at all adapted to general cultivation. Beauregard, 1839. Saffron and apricot-yellow, large, semi- double, exceedingly beautiful in the bud, very free. The seed organs are better developed than in almost any other kind. Oger, 1868. Belong to the Sa/fva- no type. Saffron-yellow, shaded with coppery red, semi-double; | a peculiar scent, not pleasing. CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 281 NAME OF VARIETY, AND HaBitT OF GROWTH. Crass. 858. Saint George,| H.R. |W. Paul, 1874. Crimson, shaded mod, with purple. 859. Salet, free. P.M. |Lacharme, 1854. Light rose, medium size, flat form, fairly good buds, very free. The best in the class, after Sowpert & Notting. 860. Sanguinea, Beng.|Crimson, medium or small size. mod. An inferior Agrippina. 861. Senator Vaisse,| H.R. |Guillot-pére, 1859. Raised from mod. General Facqueminot. Red, shaded with carmine-crimson, large, full, well formed, highly | scented. A fine rose, but now surpassed by Mons. E.Y. Teas. 862. Setina,free.; B. |T. Henderson, 1859. A sport | from Hermosa. Identical with the parent, except that the habit is a little more vigorous. Seven Sisters. f Mult. | See Gréville. 863. Sir Garnet] H.R. |Cranston, 1875. Said to be a Wolseley, vig. seedling from Prince Camille. or free. [We doubt this parentage. ] Nearly identical with AZaurice Bernardin ; the flowers may be a little superior in finish, but they are less freely pro- duced. 864. SirJoseph) B. |Laffay, 1852. Deep red, slightly Paxton, free. tinged with violet, medium size, well formed, non-au- tumnal. 865. Socrates, free.| T. |Moreau - Robert, 1858. Deep rose, tinged with fawn, large or medium size, double or full. Quite a good Tea. 866. Sceur des An| H.R. |Oger, 1863. A sport from Du- ges, mod, chesse ad’ Orléans. Flesh, shaded with lilac; not valuable. 867. Solfaterre, vig.| N. |Boyeau, 1843. Raised from La- (Augusta.) margue. Sulphur-yellow, large, 282 NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hapit oF GROWTH. 868. 869. 870. 871. 872. 873. 874. Sombreuil, vig. Soupert & Not-| P.M. ting, dwf. Souvenir d’A- dolphe Thiers, mod. Souvenird’Au- guste Riviére, free. Souvenir d’El- ise Vardon, mod. Souvenir de Georges Sand, free. Souvenir de THE ROSE, CLASS. 1 is nee H.R. double or full, slightly fra- grant. An excellent climbing rose, and valuable asa stock on which to bud Teas. Moreau-Robert, 1851. Evidently of Bourbon parentage on one side. Creamy-white, often tinted with pink, large or very large, full, well formed; the hardiest and most vigorous of the white Teas, and free from mildew. A valuable sort for culture in the open air. Pernet, 1874. Rose color, very large, very full, globular form, highly scented, not very mossy, a true ever-blooming rose, five leaflets only. The flowers are sometimes mal- formed, but they are infinitely superior to all others of the same class. Moreau-Robert, 1877. Raised from Countess of Oxford. Red, tinged with vermilion, very large. E. Verdier, 1877. Belongs to the Prince Camille type. Vel- vety-crimson. Marest, 1855. Flesh _ color, shaded with rosy - salmon, large, full; highly esteemed in England, but we have never admired it ; refinement is lack- ing in the flower. Madame Ducher, 1876. Salmon and rose, reverse of petals tinged with lilac, badly form- ed. Boll, 1854. A hybrid Scotch. CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 283 NAME OF VARIETY, ane HabiT OF GROWTH. CLass. Henry Clay, Rose color, small or medium free. size, gives some blooms in the autumn. 875. Souvenir de| B. |Beluze, 1843. Supposed to be la Malmaison, a seedling from AM/adame Des- mod. prez. Flesh shaded with fawn, large, very full, flat form, rich foliage. A splendid rose. 876. Souvenir dela| H.R. |Cochet, 1855. Raised from La Reine d’ An- keine. Bright rose, very large, 880. 881. 882. 883. 884. 885. . Souvenir gleterre, vig. or free. de la Reine des Belges, mod. or ifec: . Souvenir de Laffay. . Souvenir de Leveson Gow- er, free. Souvenir de fow as, Vain Houtte, free. Souve nir de Mme. Robert, free or vig. Souvenir de Marie Détrey, free. Souvenir de Mons. Boll, mod. or free. Souvenir de Mons. Droche. Souve nir de Paul Neyron,, mod. EER: EER: eR. HER. H: R. FR: H.R: double ; shy in autumn. Cochet, 1855. Carmine-red, me- dium size, good color, rather tender. E. Verdier, 1878. Violet-crim- son. Guillot-pére, 1852. Deep-rose, very large, double, or full, fine flowers ; quite tender, and subject to mildew. E. Verdier, 1876. Bright crim- son, sometimes tinged with violet, well formed, quite a good rose. Moreau-Robert, 1876. Raised from Jules Margottin. Salmon- pink. Madame Ducher, 1877. Salmon- rose; of inferior quality, not worth growing. Boyeau, 1866. Cherry-red, large, very full. Madame Ducher, 1880. Car- mine-rose, double. Levet, 1871. Said to be a seed- ling from the Noisette Ophire. Pale salmon-yellow, medium 284 NAME OF VARIETY, AND Siac: Hasir oF GROWTH. THE ROSE, or small size; rather a good rose, but too delicate to be generally useful. 886.-Souvenir de}/H.Ch.jA. Levet, 1876. Red, large, Pierre Dupuy, vig. 887. Souvenir de Mme. Pernet, vig. 888. Souvenir de Spa, mod. 889. Souvenir de Victor Verdier, free or mod. 890. Souvenir de Wm. Wood, mod. 891. Souvenir d’ un Ami, free. 892. Souvenir du Comte de Ca- vour, mod. 893. Souvenir du Dr. Jamain, free. 894. Souvenir du Président Por- cher, mod. 895. Standard of Marengo, vig. 896. Stanwell Per- petual, mod. iE: AR: H.R. HORS H.R. } globular flowers, well formed, fragrant. Pernet, 1875. Tender rose, the base of petals tinged with yellow, large loose flowers, sparsely produced. A dis- tinct but not valuable sort. Gautreau, 1873. Raised from Mme. Victor Verdier. Bright red, shaded with crimson, well formed. E. Verdier, 1878. Red, shaded with violet crimson, a_ well- formed, good rose. E. Verdier, 1864. Belongs to the Prince Camille type. A fine, very dark crimson, not equalling Prince Camille. Bélot, 1846. Rose, tinged with salmon, very large, full, highly perfumed; an old favorite which yet retains its high rank. . |Margottin, 1861. Red, shaded with crimson. ‘Lacharme, 1865. Raised from Charles Lefebvre. Plum color, shaded with deep crimson. . |T. Grangé, 1880. (Sent out by Vigneron.) Raised from Victor Verdier. Deep rose. . Guillot-pére, 1851. Rosy-crim- son, double, fragrant. Lee. Blush, medium size, double, delicately scented, foliage very small, nine to CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 285 NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hanir of Growtn. | CLASS: eleven leaflets ; dark reddish- brown wood, numerous small spines. Ahybrid which blooms in the autumn. 897. Star of Wal| H.R. |W. Paul, 1875. Carmine-crim- tham, mod. or son, medium size, semi-glob- dwf, ular, full, fragrant ; very large foliage, smooth green wood, with occasional red thorns. A good rose but not reliable. 898. Stéphanie - et-| Cl.T. Levet, 1880. Raised from Gloire Rodolphe, vig. de Dijon. Orange-yellow. 899. Sulphureux,| T. Ducher, 1869. Sulphur yellow, mod. medium size. gco. Sultan of Zan-| H.R. G. Paul, 1875. Crimson-maroon, zibar, mod. | in the style of S. Reynolds flole ; very unhealthy habit. gol. Superba, vig. P. (Feast, 1843. Pink, becoming | blush, small, full, pretty. g92. Sydonie, vig. | H.R. |Dorisy, 1846. Rose color, me- dium size, very full, quartered form, very free blooming, very hardy ; five to seven leaflets, red thorns. Its poor shape destroys its usefulness. g03. Tatiana One-| H.R. |Lévéque, 1881. Raised from guine, free. Elizabeth Vigneron. Carmine- red. g04. The Shah, free.; H.R. |G. Paul, 1874. Raised from Duke of Edinburgh. Red, shaded with bright crimson, rather small, full ; ashy bloom- er, and subject to mildew. g05. Théodore Bul-| H.R. |E. Verdier, 1879. Carmine-red, lier, free. tinged with violet-crimson. go6. Thérése Gene-| T. |Levet, 1875. Rose, tinged with vay. fawn. g07. Thomas Meth-| H.R. |E. Verdier, 1869. Red, tinged ven, free. with velvety crimson, good size, well formed; a fine rose. 286 THE ROSE. NaME OF VARIETY, AND ite HaBir OF GROWTH. Beatie go8. Thomas Mills,| H.R. |E. Verdier, 1872. Rosy-crimson, vig. or free. very large, double; a good garden variety. 909. Thyra Ham-| H.R. Ledéchaux, 1868. Raised from merich, mod. or Duchess of Sutherland. Rosy- Tee: flesh, large, well formed ; dis- tinct and good. gio. Triomphe) H.R. |Mille-Mallet, 1861. A sport from d’Amiens, vig. General Jacqgueminot. Crimson, | sometimes marbled and strip- ed with carmine-purple, but generally like the parent ; not valuable. gir. Triomphe} H.R. |Moreau-Robert, 1863. Rich d’Angers, mod. crimson, suffused with purple. g12. Triomphe de) H.R. |Oger, 1853. Reddish-crimson, Beauté, free. double, somewhat resembles Gensral Facgueminot, but much inferior. 913. Triomphe de| H.R. |Oger, 1862. Crimson, tinged Caen, dwf. or with purple, a non-permancnt mod. shade, not desirable. 914. Triomphe de! H.R. |Margottin, 1875. Carmine-red, France, dwf. very large, very full, flat, fra- grant; a fine sort, but not re- liable, and of such poor growth as to destroy its value. g15. Triomphe de| Fr. |Crimson, large loose flowers, 916. 917. Jaussens, free. Triomphe de Exposition, free. Triomphe de Milan, mod. H.R. |Margottin, 1855. <. | } wood armed with short dark spines. Reddish crim- son, large, rather coarse flow- ers, fragrant, numerous red thorns, hardy; occasionally comes very fine, but generally the quality is inferior. Madame Ducher, 1876. White, suffused with pale yellow, without fragrance ; a fine rose, similar, but inferior, to JZarie Guzllot. CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 287 Ss SSSR NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hasir OF GrowTH, Crass. g18. Triomphe de! N. (Lansezeur,1857. From Zamar- Rennes, free. gue. Canary-yellow, the centre tinged with salmon, large, or very large, full, good. gig. Triomphe de} H.R. |Brassac, 1874. Red, shaded with -='* Toulouse, violet-crimson. g20. Triomphe des} H.R. |Fontaine, 1857. Raised from Beaux Arts, General Facqueminot, An in- free or vig. ferior likeness of the parent. g21. Triomphe des; H.R. |Gonod, 1873. Belongs to the Rosomanes, General Facqueminot type. vig. Crimson, tinged with purple, fragrant, and of fair quality ; a good seed-bearer. 922. Triomphe du] T. |Hardy, 1836. (Sent out by Ma- Luxembourg, dame Pean.) Buff-rose, large, fees =. good in the bud, of healthy habit ; a desirable sort. o23,. [riumph.ant,| ~P> -|Pierce, 1850. Rosy-red, me- vig. dium size, double or full, dis- tinct ; seven leaflets are com- mon. 924. Ulrich Briin-| H.R. |Levet, 1881. Raised from Paul ner, vig. Neyror. Cherry-red. Unique. M. |See White Bath. 925. Unique, vig.| Prov. Grimwood, 1778. White, a good (White Prov- rose, similar but inferior to ence.) | Madame Hardy. 926. Vainqueur de} H R. Damaizin, 1859. Belongs to the Solferino, mod. Giant of Battles type. Red, shaded with purplish-crim- / son. 927. Vallée de| T. |Ducher, 1873. Coppery-yellow Chamounix, and rose, medium size. mod, | 928. Vicomte Mai-| H.R. Fontaine, 1868. Cherry-red, son, vig. double, fades quickly, strag- | gling habit. 929. Vicomte Vig-| H.R. |E. Verdier, 1861. Maroon, ier, ‘free. tinged with violet, a well- formed, globular flower. go SEAS SS AGL a ce eae (Se Taco Ae a a eC 288 THE ROSK. >= = —— ———— i NAME OF VARIETY, AND HapsiT OF GROWTH. Crass, 930. Vicomtessede; T. |Pradel, 1844. Coppery-yellow, Cazes, dwf, rather loose form, very delicate habit. 931. Victor Pulliat,| T. |Ducher, 1870. Pale yellow, long mod. buds, quite a good Tea. 932. Victor Trouil-| H.R. |Trouillard, 1856. (Sent out by lard. Standish & Noble.) Crimson and purple. 933. Victor Ver-| H.R.-|Lacharme, 1852. Bright rose, dier, mod. with carmine centre, a very fresh shade, but not perma- nent, semi-globular form, of good size, not fragrant ; very free, the wood is all but smooth, the foliage lustrous. This variety is doubtless of Bourbon origin; it is a beau- tiful rose, but with its entire progeny is more tender than any other types in the class. 934. Villaret de} H.R. |Damaizin, 1874. Bright rose, oyeuse, free. well formed. 935. Ville de St.| H:R. |Thouars, 1853. From La Reine. Denis, free. Carmine-rose. 936. Violette Bou-| H.R. |Lacharme, 1881. From Fzles yer, free or vig. Margottin X Sombreuil. White, tinged with pink. 937. Virgil, free. | H.R. |Guillot-pére, 1870. (Sent out by W.- Paul.) Pink, tinged with lavender, not valuable. 938. Viridiflora,| Beng.}Green flowers, of no beauty free. (Viridt- whatsoever, only sought for as ~ /scéns:) a curiosity. 939. Virginale,| H.R. |Lacharme, 1858. White, with mod, flesh centre, medium size, double or full, well formed ; a good rose, but of very deli- cate habit. 940. Viscountess] H.T. |Bennett, 1879. From President - Falmouth, dwf, xX Soupert-et-Notting. Mottled CATALOGUE NAME OF VARIETY, AND HasBit oF GrowTu. Crass. OF VARIETIES. 289 rose, the exterior of petals with a silvery lustre, very large, very full, globular, hav- ing the intense fragrance of Soupert et- Notting, and like that variety inclined to come malformed. The wceod is very thorny, the shoots slen- der. g41. Vulcain, mod.| H.R. |E. Verdier, 1862. Rich crim- gaa. Ws oA. Rich-\-: N. ardson, vig. 43. W.-W. l:s'o n|- HR. Saunders, mod. 944. Washington,| N. vig. 945. White Bank-| B’k. sia, vig. son, double, well formed; a rose of splendid color. Madame Ducher, 1578. Orange- yellow, medium size, of fair quality. G. Paul, 1874. Belongs. to the Charles Lefebvre type. May be briefly described as an inferior Charles Lefebvre. Stewart (of Philadelphia). White, medium size, loose flowers, poor. Brought to England from China in 1807. Pure white, small full flower, violet-scented. 946. White Baron-| H.R. |G. Paul, 1882. A sport from ess, mod. 947. White Bath,| M. mod, or free. (Unique). Baroness Rothschild. Unlike Mabel Morrison, this is quite as full a rose as the parent, and it is pure white; in other respects, as vigor of growth, etc., it is identical with Zar- oness Rothschild. We saw this in flower at Cheshunt during the summer of 1880, and were greatly impressed with its merit. Salter. A sport from the Com- mon. White, sometimes tinged with flesh, attractive in bud 290 THE ROSE. | NAME OF VARIETY, AND Grace Hasit OF GROWTH. ah 948. 949. g50. and open flower; generally five leaflets, of straggling habit. Much the best white moss. White Prov-| Prov. See Unique. ence. William Grif-| H.R. |Portemer, 1850. Pink, much fith, free. resembling Countess C. de Cha- brillant, but the flowers are somewhat smaller, the wood smoother, and in habit it is more vigorous, but also much more liable to injury from the — cold. William Jesse,| H.R. Laffay, 1840. Red, suffused with free. violet, in the way of Pzus the Ninth. An undesirable sort. W iliia m| H.R. |Pernet, 1878. Raised from A/- Keoelle, mod. fred Colomb. The flowers are nearly or quite the same shade as those of the parent, the habit is partially that of Charles Lefebvre. . William Lobb,| M. |Laffay, 1855. Violet-red, not an free. attractive sort. . William War-| H.R. |Mitchell & Son, 1878. A sport den, vig. from J/adame Clemence Forg- NEAUX. Pink flowers, the habit, etc., is the same as that of the parent. . Woodland| N. Jj. Pentland, 1859. White, some- Marguerite; times with flesh, medium size ; vig. of fair quality. . Xavier Olibo,|\H.R. |Lacharme, 1864. Said~ to be mod. or dwf. from Gen. Facgueminol. Very deep, rich crimson, large flow- ers, moderately full ; a superb rose. 5. Yellow Bank-| B’k. Brought to England from China sia, vig. in 1827. Like White Banksia, CATALOGUE OF VARIETIES. 291 NAME OF VARIETY, AND Hasir or Growrn. | CEASS- except the color, which is clear yellow. Yellow Tea. T. |See Flavescens. g56. Yolande d‘Ar-| H.R. |Vibert, 1843. Lilac-rose, flat agon, free. form, straggling habit ; worth- | less. T Neto, Aphis, The, 74. Austrian Roses, 16. Autumnal Roses, 25, 116. Ayrshire Roses, Io. Banksia Roses, Io. Bedding Roses, 113. Bengal Roses, 34. Best Roses, The, 120. Books on Roses, v. 190. Bourbon Roses, 36. Boursault Roses, If. Boxes for Exhibiting, 95. Brier, The, as a Stock, g1. Budded Roses, 89. Cabbage Rose, The, 23. Catalogue of Varieties, 194. Caterpillars, 78. Champney Roses, 28. China Roses, 34. Classification, 7. Climbing Roses, Io, 116. Climbing Tea Roses, 33. Cuttings, 85, 100. Damask Roses, 16. Descriptions, 194. Diseases, 73. Eglantine, The, 24. Evergreen Roses, II. Exhibiting Roses, 93. Exhibition Roses, The Best, 118, Failure, Causes of, 57. Fairy Roses, 36. Families of Roses, ro. Free-blooming Roses, 116. Forcing Roses, 100, 113. Fragrant Roses, 117. French Roses, 17. Grafting, gf. Green Fly, 74. Hybrid Noisette Roses, 38. Habit of Growth, 196. Hardy Roses, 118. Hellebore, 78. Hybrid China Roses, 18. Hybrid Climbing Roses, 12, 26. Hybrid Perpetual Roses, 4o. Hybrid Remontant Roses, 40. Hybrid Tea Roses, 42. Insects, 73. Leaf Roller, 78. Layers, 92. Mail, Plants by, 62. Manetti, The, as a stock, 91. INDEX. 293 Manures, 68. May Bug, 80. Microphylla Roses, 27. Mildew, 75. Monthly Roses, 25. Moss Roses, 22. Multiflora Roses, 12. Night-soil, 69. Noisette Roses, 28. Own Roots, 85. Pegged-down Roses, 113. Permanent Colors, 152. Perpetual Roses, 25 Perpetual Moss Roses, 46. Pillar Roses, 20. Planting, 61. Polyantha Roses, 31. Position for Planting, 56. Pot-culture, 100. Potting Roses, Ior. Prairie Roses, 13. Propagation, 85. Protection, 49. Provence Roses, 23. Pruning, 61. Quassia, 75. Rose Bug, The, 79. Rose Chafer, The, 79. Rose Slug, The, 80. Rose Hopper, The, 77. Roses for Special Purposes, ELS: Roses under Glass, 100. Raisers of the Best Roses, 120. Red Spider, The, 76. Running Roses, 25. Sawfly, 80. Sarmentous Roses, 10. Scotch Roses, 24. Seed Parents, 145. Seedling Roses, 177. Similar Varieties, 160. Soils, 56. Solfaterre as a Stock, 30. Stocks, gI. Suckers, go. Sulphur, 75, 77. Summer Roses, Io. Sweet Brier, The, 24. Tea Roses, 47. Technical Terms, 52. Thrip, 77. Tobacco, for Fumigating, 75. Too-much-alike Roses, 152. Typicai Roses, 164. Varieties for Special poses, 113. When to Plant, 61. White Grub, 80. Pur- 'Yellow Roses, 16, a i a 4 € = 1 eee . on ; a ys 3 \ 1 : ors . 1 " t \ ‘: - , Ba \ ‘ j } 4 \f \ * 4 4 v i s D an , i ‘van IE pray a Ais, Hiv aa | VPAR { ! ai iy eat y} an i 4 a, eae = ee my Ku Ay ‘| aii wee ie TN Nae val is i tel’ ; mae u at WS ee hi ‘ i bs A i if fe I is \eNS call ie) “ab. 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