Oy Oe eee ae ee Ne Ru hy Mn dynee naa Cie Tekan recites a ie - . St dh ye Fe! ome . Og ee MH ee Be :, ? - mh Ne 4 2AM eth Ht Me de Se) rr : a Ae TN Ree a7 ase OAR fs eme Mee ee ne * ‘gut, Me a mmc een hk a ee bs Nae Pope ot were Ne Caraty oA Fe Gt tet eee “ neh hae at ee Be AR AR ety i a ed eae. ee Te RL oo ai gy im, ot re Se “i Pat BON Sh poeta oe BAZ2 One vas ae RNa ee > is ; : fy w& cal ee lay at ; ow 7} 4 a Fol A Al 7 ; we a ; TA A i) a aif “iA | ASK i; . } at) er f ‘ot a RE: THE ANNALS AND MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY, INCLUDING ZOOLOGY, BOTANY, ann GEOLOGY. (BEING A CONTINUATION OF TITE ‘ANNALS’ COMBINED WITII LOUDON AND CHARLESWORTI’S ‘ MAGAZINE OF NATURAL IIISTORY.’) CONDUCTED BY ALBERT C. L. G. GUNTHER, M.A., M.D., Ph.D., F.R.S., WILLIAM CARRUTHERS, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., AND WILLIAM FRANCIS, sun., F.L.S. VOL. IX.—SEVENTH SERIES. ay \ 4 LONDON: PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS. SOLD BY SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT, AND CO., LD. ;: BAILLIERE, PARIS: HODGES, FIGGIS, AND CO., DUBLIN : AND ASHER, BERLIN, 1902. “Omnes res creatw sunt divine sapientix et potenti testes, divitie felicitatis humane :—ex harum usu Jonitas Creatoris; ex pulchritudine sapientia Domini ; ex cconomié in conservatione, proportione, renovatione, potentia majestatis elucet. Earum itaque indagatio ab hominibus sibi relictis semper astimata ; A veré eruditis et sapientibus semper exculta; malé doctis et barbaris semper inimica fuit.”—Linnavs. “ Quel que soit le principe de la vie animale, il ne faut qu’ouvrir les yeux pour voir qu’elle est le chef-d’ceuvre de la Toute-puissance, et le but auquel se rappor- tent toutes ses opérations.”—Bruckyer, Théorie du Systéme Animal, Leyden, 1767. ev" e eo © oe 6 ete « Lhe sylyan powers Obey our summons; from their deepest dells The Dryads come, and throw their garlands wild And odorous branches at our feet; the Nymphs That press with nimble step the mountain-thyme And purple heath-flower come not empty-handed, But scatter round ten thousand forms minute Of velvet moss or lichen, torn from rock Or rifted oak or cavern deep: the Naiads too Quit their loved native stream, from whose smooth face They crop the lily, and each sedge and rush That drinks the rippling tide: the frozen poles, Where peril waits the bold adventurer’s tread, The burning sands of Borneo and Cayenne, All, all to us unlock their secret stores And pay their cheerful tribute. J. Taytor, Norwich, 1818, CONTENTS OF VOL, IX. [SEVENTH SERIES.] NUMBER XLIX. Page I. On Two Skulls of the Ornithosaurian 2hamphorhynchus. By Apher WOODWARD, 0..D., F.RS,. (Plate Ts). . necce oc xie ceiere II. A Revision of the Genera of the ARANEZ# or Spiders with reference to their Type Species. By F. Prckarp Campriper, B.A. III. New Genera and Species of Coccide, with Notes on known Reece bo D. DA. CockeR Mids 5 /, .osii0ls ir lGele vase thon IV. The “ Cahow” of the Bermudas, an Extinct Bird. By A. E. isha a aren sf Akama Uae Si cine cele w eect cans V. Ona small Collection of Butterflies made by C. Stuart Betton in British East Africa. By A.G. Butter, Ph.D. .............. VI. Rhynchotal Notes.—XII. Heteroptera: Fam. Pyrrhocoride. REL UMETAREE Sys olla ids Saleh low Sieca esi etanate sae va 1tES ba eet VII. Descriptions of Two new Gerbils from Egypt. By W. E. a tool lacs nicer TE aw ai viain oa tw'Y woty ae 45m aie m= oN VIII. Notices of Two new Species of Potto from the French Senge sornory. By WE. DE“WENTON . 655.0000 0. 05 vacate st 1X. On the Southern Snapping-Turtle (Chelydra Rossignonit, Bocourt). By G. A. Boutenesn, F.R.S. ...... 00.60. cece eee X. Descriptions of new Batrachians and Reptiles from North- western Ecuador. By G. A. BoutencEr, F.R.S. .............. XI. A new Blue Duiker from Nyasaland. By Otprreip Tuomas. XII. On Mammals from the Serra do Mar of Parana, collected by Mr. Alphonse Robert. By OtprirLtp Tuomas, F.R.S. .......... XII. On the Classification of Diatoms. By C. Mrerescuxowsky. XIV. Descriptions of a new Alyceus from Perak and a Bulimulus mom ten. by Hien: Fovroni ones buck den avsawe yes chee XV. Descriptions of Two new Fishes of the Genus Loricaria from North-western Ecuador. By G. A. BouLENGER, F.RS. ......,. XVI. Preliminary Report on a Collection of Meduse from the Coast of British Columbia and Alaska. By Lovrs Mursacu and IS PMSA REY 05 iy foc eta d oP oe ae Eb < 5.dnie’n a's 1 5 20 7 ~ iv CONTENTS. Page New Books :—Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalgenz in the British Museum. Volume III. Catalogue of the Arctiade (Arctiane) and Agaristide in the Collection of the British Museum, By Sir GrorGe F. Hampson, Bart.—The Flora of the Presidency of Bombay. By THEoporE Cooxr, C.I.E., formerly Principal of the College of Science at Poona and Director of the Botanical Survey of Western India. Ranunculacee to Rutacee.—Zoolo- gical Results based on Material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands, and elsewhere, collected during the Years 1895, 1896, and 1897, by Arthur Willey, D.Sc. Part V. ........ 74, 75 NUMBER L. XVII. New Species of Eastern and Australian Heterocera. By Colonel :C. Swinsor,; NLA, Fai&., Gee, 26 ths Avs ve ee a hs 77 XVUIL On an Amioid Fish (Megalurus Mawsoni, sp. nu.) from the Cretaceous of Bahia, Brazil. By A. Smrru Woopwarp, LL.D., PERS (Plate 10) cl chbenes eek sss wv aeaeteee ee Seu dh ee 87 XIX. On Rutelid and Melolonthid Beetles from Mashonaland and East Africa. By GILBERT J. ARROW..........ceeeeveccees 89 XX. North-American Bees of the Genus Andrena. By T. D. A. GCRMBELD «3 52 y). -.< cnn ener en ee eine eleee aera ara Ace 101 XXI. Investigations upon the Life-history of Salmon, and their Bearing on the Phenomena of Nuptial and Sexual Ornamentation and Development in the Animal Kingdom generally. By G. E. H. BaRReEttT-Hamitton, Capt. 5th Royal Irish Rifles .............. 106 XXII. On some Questions of Malacological Nomenclature. By O. v. MOLLENDORFF, Ph.D..... dd '> 6.8 SOREN 9 ev eee er er 120 XXIII. Descriptions of Two new Cyprinid Fishes from Morocco, By G. A, BouLRNGER, FURS. .....c00s0ssscuccnvecssesue seine 124 XXIV. On Mammals from Cochabamba, Bolivia, and the Region noith of that place. By OLprreLp Tuomas, F.R.S. .........-++ 125 XXV. Description of a new Characinid Fish discovered by Dr. W. J. Ansorge in Southern Nigeria. By G. A. BouLencrEr, ERS. (Plate TIL) opis acse sek ceenn tres ieee hose 144 XXVL. Descriptions of new Genera and Species of Hymenoptera from the Oriental Zoological Region (Ichneumonidae, Fossores, and Anthophila). By P. CAMERON ......ccesscecsessesecccecs o.. 146 New Books :—Fauna, Flora, and Geology of theClyde Area Edited by G. F. Scorr Evtior, Matcom Laurik, and J, BarcLtay Murpocu.—Catalogue of the Marine Invertebrata of Eastern Canada. By J. F. Wurrraves, LL.D.—Catalogue of the Collection cf Birds’ Eggs in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. I. Ratite, Carinate (Tinamiformes—Lari- formes), By EUGENE W:, OATHS 2... :ccccncossucesses 155, 156 CONTENTS. NUMBER LI. XXVII. A Contribution to the Systematics of the Pedipalpi. By PE EMEOCDOS sep eee t es ox ve lece ee ROE CECT AN Cire wesea ned’ XXVIII. Descriptions of new Eastern and Australian Moths. By Colonel C. Swinnor, M.A., F.L.S., ce. ..... eee cere ee eeee . XXIX. Descriptions of new Species of Land-Mollusca from New Peace: “By Huai HeLiON, XXXYV. On the Bear of Ecuador. By OLpFreLp THOMAS XXXVI. On Two new Species of Mus discovered by Mr. 58. L. Hinde in British East Africa. By OLpFreLp THomas, F.RS. ..., XXXVII. On a new Genus of Vespertilionine Bat from New Guinea. By OLpFIELD THOMAS ..........++ eee te fae errata XXXVIII. On Mammals collected by Mr. Perry O. Simons in the Southern Part of the Bolivian Plateau. By OLpFietp THomas.... XXXIX. Contributions from the New Mexico Biological Station. —XII. On some Genera of Bees. By T. D. A. Cockrrett and MBRSONATEING .5 056.0 c tcc testi sess cenedneeevaswetaaens New Books :—A Treatise on Zoology. Edited by E. Ray Lan- KESTER, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S.—Part IV. The Platyhelmia, Mesozoa, and Nemertini. By W. Bu axtanp Brenna, D.Sc. (Lond.), M.A. (Oxon.).—Use-inheritance. Illustrated by the direction of Hair on the Bodies of Animals. By WALTER Kipp, M.D., F.Z.S.—A Guide to the Shell and Star-fish Galleries (Mollusca, Polyzoa, Brachiopoda, Tunicates, Echino- derma, and Worms), Department of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History).—The Soares and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Archipelagoes. Edited by J. Stantey Gar- “se 230 Benet Wet VO). ko Part Lie ce nates sere es 254—256 NUMBER LI. XL. On Mammals collected at Cruz del Eje, Central Cordova, by Mr. P.O: Sinions. “By OcpFrery THOMAS (2.2 c sce c ces wecnes XLI. Descriptions of new Genera and Species of Hymenoptera from the Oriental Zoological Region (Ichneumonidae, Fossores, and wamnopnua). By PLCAMERON 2.2 ceusesscapeverversarecious’s 245 vi CONTENTS. Page XLII. The Taxonomy of Recent Species of Limulus. By R. 1. Podocse, (Plates V..&. VIL). cid is civais vse nv ony vewle dn ae borer 256 XLIII. On the Geographical Races of the Kinkajou. By Oxp- BIRED THOMAS oe. sy sis peste wpe wml ee Sa eR aCe . 266 XLIV. On a new Species of Atherura discovered by Capt. Guy Burrows on the Congo. By OLDFIELD THOMAS ........++ee eee XLY. A new Hipposiderus from Borneo. By Oiprretp THomas. 271 XLVI. A Preliminary Report on Hydromeduse from the Falk- land Islands. By Epwarp T. Browne, Zoological Research Laboratory, University College, London ...........ceeesseeeeces 272 XLVIL. Descriptions of new Fishes and Reptiles discovered by Dr. F. Silvestri in South America. By G. A. BouLenGEr, F.R.S, 284 XLVIII. Description of anew Barbus from Natal. By G. A. BOULENGER, FURS. asi ces oe en EN se ae re de ee ee 288 XLIX. The Generic Term “ Dama.” By P. L. Scrarrr, F.R.S. 289 L. Notes from the Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews.— No. XXII. By Prof. M‘Inrosu, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., &......... 291 LI. Nomenclature of Genera &e. in the Oribatide. By A. D. Mronar., PLS. &e. @oary ei dasivs ne deaeye taewo) ele ah ee 309 LII. Descriptions of new Species of Ampelita and Tropidophora from Madagascar. By Hueu FuLTon : OG 0 6 9 Bs h a a0 BD Che io 0.0 01d weitere LIII. Descriptions of new Species of Helicoids from German New Guinea and New Mecklenburg (New Ireland). By Hueu Fuiton. 315 New Bovks :—Zoology. An Elementary Text-Book. (Cambridge Natural Science Manuals.) By A. E, Surprey, M.A., and KE. W. MacBripr, M.A.—Dragons of the Air. By H. G. eo eR I are, Pere jaye ce 518, 319 Proceedings of the Geological Society .........0.0-eee is win aa 320 NUMBER LIII. LIV. Descriptions of some new Species of Lepidoptera. By HepserT Davck, F.LS, &e. . ieee ccceacentecevcten deve uwon 321 LY. Description of a new Deep-sea Gadid Fish from South A friea, By G. A. BouLENGER, F.RS. ... cece eee cece rece nee e eee eee 335 LVI, List of the Fishes, Batrachians, and Reptiles collected by the late Mr. P. O. Simons in the Provinces of Mendoza and Cor- dova, Argentina. By G. A. BouLENnGnR, F.R.S............+..+. 336 LVI. A new Name for the Common Agama of the Transvaal. By G. A. BouLenGEr, F.BS. 20... eee eee eee eee eee teens 339 LVILI. On the Hymenoptera collected by Mr. W. I. Distant in the Transvaal, South Africa, with Descriptions of supposed new Species. By Lieut.-Colonel C, T. BINGHAM .... 6+... seer seers 340 CONTENTS. vil Page LIX. Rhynchotal Notes.—XIII. Heteroptera: Families Tingidide, _ Phymatide, and Aradide. By W.L. DISTANT ....... eee ee eee 353 LX. New Species of Dipodillus and Psammomys. By OLDFIELD EES SRE RE wire perry Peer rae 362 LXI. A new Genet from British East Africa. By OLpFmLp THOMAS Sam 65 0 @ Me 6. 86a.» 0 pig 66 0.210 '@ aig op oe 60.8 Oe @ CA Bae 9.619 580 He 5 8. 2 LXII. Further Notes on the Pangonine of the Family Tabanide in the British Museum Collection. By Miss GerrrupE Ricarpo .. 366 LXIII. Relationships of the Rugosa (Tetracoralla) to the living Reena toe 0a, 20. DRAB 6 orice coca tins Rae ok aw neler ee 381 New Book :—The Foraminifera : an Introduction to the Study of the Protozoa. By Freprrick Cuapman, A.LS., F.R.MS., Palzontologist, National Museum of Melbourne ............ 398 Ceratovacuna brasiliensis, Hempel: a Correction, by Adolph Hempel. 400 NUMBER LIV. LXIV. New Species of Spiders belonging to the Genus Ctenus, with Supplementary Notes. By FrrpErick Pickarp CAMBRIDGE, EAC Sg FEA 6 | Dane Ot - ceae a hoe eesti He 2 401 LXV. New Species of Eastern and Australian Heterocera. By Penne WIN EO, WCB .5.5 ACR oe Soin sn oo. on gle ele lane oe 415 LXVI. Further Notes on the Pangonine of the Family Tabanide in the British Museum Collection. By Miss GErrrupE Ricarpo., 424 LXVII. The Zycaon and Pedetes of British East Africa, and a new Gerbille from N. Nyasa. By Orprirtp THoMAsS............ 458 LXVIII. On the Species of Mydaus found in Borneo and the Natuna Islands. By OLDFIELD THOMAS ..........0e00e0ss000> 442 LXIX. On a new Marmot from North Siberia. By OLpFIrLp CL LAA a a Er II cite ell ey Peery mnie eee re 444 LXX. Description of a new Uromys from the Solomon Islands. SRI RISMMI RIOMATS 05 seal d as ee ciate sees seit e wna des nee 446 LXXI. The “Cahowe”’ of the Bermudas. By the Rey. Canon er eee, MOA. TED. BRS, Be. oo ec arswecsscsecnsic 447 LXXII. Descriptions of Two new Species of Bactrododema (Phas- mid@) in the Collection of the British Museum (Natural History). Se eee SEeOES EEL ey BES, os» rca gp «Hn singe nade hho ew seas 448 LXXIII. A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Coccide. By Eee ROMMEL oon 6 a vos oo # 0,0, dm 4 = Oe 4 ieee Genera and Spectes of Coccide. 23 than Dactylopius, the latter passing through a Ripersia-stage in the course of its development. Eriococcus Palmert, Ckll., var. a. 2? .—Without ovisac very dark red, with white bristles at sides posteriorly ; dorsum not bristly; antenne and legs ferruginous. Ovisac pure white, about 3 millim. long, often smaller. Largest dermal spines 48 long. Front leg with femur+ trochanter 174, tibia 102, tarsus 117; hind leg with femur + trochanter 192, tibia 120, tarsus 129; claw with a minute denticle near tip. Caudal tubercles about 90 long, 60 broad at base. Antenne 6-jointed, formula 3 (12) 6 45, or 3 (6 2 1) (45). Segments: (1) 30, (2) 30, (3) 75, (4) 21-24, (5) 21, (6) 27-30. Hab, La Jolla, California, Aug. 7, 1901, clustered on twigs of Eriogonum fasciculatum, Bentham. E. Palmeri is new to the U.S. fauna, Cissococcus, gen. nov. Belongs to the Eriococcinit. Larva typically Eriococcine, with rows of dorsal spines and prominent caudal tubercles ; legs slender, claw very long; anal ring with long bristles ; antenne 6-jointed, last joint short, third longest. Adult living in a cup-shaped gall; mouth-parts minute but well developed ; legs and antennez rudimentary; anal region strongly chiti- nous, with a pair of plates simulating those of the Lecaniine. Type C. Fullerc. Cissococcus Fullert, sp. n. Galls in clusters on branches of Cissus cunetfolia; gall cup-shaped, with the top flat, with a minute central orifice. Diameter of gall about 6 millim., height 5 millim. 2? .—Produces a small amount of cottony secretion. Skin colourless, with numerous small dark chitinous protuberances ; a few hairs and cireular glands, the latter having lines radia- ting from a central circle, or (differently focussed) ten dots arranged around a central dot. ‘Trachew and spiracles large and prominent. Mouth-parts minute but well developed. Legs rudimentary, about 105 w long, stout, with the claw and digitules well developed; tarsus extremely short, much broader than long. Anal region dark, strongly chitinous, with an elongated-oval structure, pointed apically, consisting of two contiguous plates, which are covered with tubercles bearing stout bristles, recalling the armature of a pine-apple. 24 Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell on new This is set in a deep oval cavity, open posteriorly, the edges of which are strongly chitinized. ‘lhe contiguous edges of the plates towards the base have a wavy outline, the con- vexities of one side fitting the concavities of the other. Embryonic larva bright crimson after boiling in liquor potasse. Hab. Umquahumbi Valley, 8. Africa (Claude Fuller). It is infested by a dipterous parasite, the puparia of which were found in the galls. Pseudolecanium digitatum, sp. n. 9 .—Pyriform, with the hind end pointed ; about 2} millim. long; dark ferruginous, shiny, producing some cottony material. End of abdomen strongly chitinized, with the form usual in the genus. The diagnostic characters, as in all species of the genus, are derived mainly from the larva, the female being a mere bag of eggs. Larva extremely long and narrow, length 600, breadth 160 p. Anterior extremity truncate, crenulate, with six short, blunt, finger-tip-like spines; a row of fifteen blunt spines down each side of body; no dorsal spines ; legs well developed, anterior tibia 60, its tarsus 39 w long; the tibia has a constriction about 27 from base, making it look almost 2-jointed, this being more or less apparent on all the legs ; tarsal digitules long, with small knobs ; claw-digitules shorter, filiform, knobbed. Antenne 24 apart at base and 30 pw from anterior end of head; 6-jointed, joints measuring: (1) 18, (2) 12, (3) 27-33, (4) 20, (5) 21, (6) 30. Anal ring small, circular, without bristles on its margin, but posterior to it are set four bristles, of which the inner two are shortest ; anterior to anal ring is a row of four finger-like blunt spines ; on each side is a caudal bristle, about 1$0 w long, and beyond each of these a pair of finger-like spines; anterior to and a little Jaterad of each caudal bristle is a small round gland. The last two segments have each a pair of bristles on the ventral surface, those on the last being twice as long as those on the penultimate segment. Hab. On leaves of grass, Richmond, Natal (Claude Fuller, no. 2). It has a Chalcidid parasite. The genus Pseudolecanium is new to Africa. EPICOCCUS, gen. nov. Belongs to the Dactylopiini. Anal ring without hairs. Adult female with legs and antenne well developed ; antennx 6-jointed, cylindrical, last joint long. Genera and Species of Coccide. 25 Type Epicoccus acacie ( Coccus acacie, Maskell, Tr. N. Z. Inst. xxix. p. 319). Australian. This is near the stem-form from which Spherococcus must have been derived. LuZULASPIS, n. n. Signoretia, Targioni-Tozzetti; not of Stal, 1860. Type Luzulaspis luzule (Aspidiotus luzule, L. Dufour ; Signoretia clypeata, Targ.). Kuropean. Phenacaspis natalensis, sp. n. ? .—Scale white, about 3 millim. long, pyriform; exuvix pale orange-brown. Five groups of cireumgenital glands ; median of 10, ante- rior laterals 22-26, posterior laterals 19-26. Anal and genital apertures opposite. Median lobes large, widely diverging, broader than long, the long inner margin strongly serrulate ; their bases well apart, the space occupied by the usual pair of short spines. Second lobe represented by three elongated and rounded lobules, the first of which is largest and bears a spine. ‘Third lobe represented by a very long narrow lobule bearing a spine, followed by a broad and much shorter lobule, and then a very broad serrulate lobule, having its outer slope much the longest. The fourth lobe is repre- sented by a triangular lobule bearing a spine and two slight swellings of the margin, too slight to be called lobules. gd .—WNcale feebly tricarinate or barely keeled at all. Hab. Durban, Natal, abundant on underside of leaves of mango (Claude Fuller, no. 25). Closely allied to Phenacaspis chinensis (Chionaspis chi- nensis, Ckll. Rep. Cal. Bd. Hort. v. p. 37), but the median lobes are more sloping. Of the Ceylon species described by Green it comes nearest to Phenacaspis megaloba (Chionaspis megaloba, Green, ‘ Coccidx of Ceylon,’ pt. 11. 1899) ; but mega- loba has two lobules in place of the slight swellings of the fourth lobe described above, and differs also in the position of the anal and genital orifices. Hemichionaspis cyanogena, Okll., 1901. A new locality is Verulam, Natal (fuller, no. 18), Odonaspis secretus, var. Greenti, nov. Aspidiotus secretus, Green, Coccidz of Ceylon, pt. i. p. 64. (Had. Ceylon.) Green and Maskell have pointed out distinctions between 26 Mr. A. E. Verrill on the the Ceylon and Japan forms of O. seeretus, but unfortunately a varietal name (/obulata, Maskell) has been applied to the Japanese insect, which is the true secretus. Monophlebus Championi, sp. n. Monophlebus sp., Ckll., Biol. Centr.-Amer., Coccide (1899), p. 3, middle of page. This name is proposed for the species described in the place cited from a male, having only four fleshy processes on the abdomen. It was hoped that the female might be obtained ; but as this now seems unlikely, it is best to give a name toa species so strongly distinguished. Cryptophyllaspis Riibsaament, sp. n. Gall small, cylindrical, about 2 millim, long, thickly clus- tered on leaves of Codiceum. ?.—Orange, oblong, caudal end sunken, overlapped at the sides by lobiform projections; no circumgenital glands ; anal orifice broad-oval, about 17 uw long, and distant about 39 w from bases of median lobes ; lobes and squames formed as in C. occultus (Green) ; three pairs of lobes, not even the median ones darkened in the least; median lobes slightly notched on each side; squames narrow and pointed, strongly fringed; beyond the third lobe are three double squames, each having the appearance of two squames united basally ; spines small, Hab. Bismarck Archipelago; received from Mr. E. H. Riibsaamen. I sent a copy of the description to Mr. Riibsaamen, to be published in connexion with his studies of galls, but it seems desirable that it should also appear in a paper devoted to Coccidee. East Las Vegas, New Mexico, U.S.A., Oct. 31, 1901. 1V.— The “* Cahow” of the Bermudas, an Extinct Bird. By A. E. VERRILL. DurinG my two recent visits to Bermuda I made special investigations in regard to the history and identity of the “cahow” or “cohowe,” a bird described by the earliest settlers as very abundant and easily captured, so that its flesh and eggs were largely used as food. Indeed, had it not “ Cahow” of the Bermudas. 27 been for this source of food-supply in winter, it is probable that many of the early shipwrecked crews and first settlers would have died of starvation. Good accounts of the bird and its habits were written by two of the party wrecked on these islands with Sir George Somers in 1609. Other pub- lished accounts were written by some of the earliest settlers, especially by the Rev. Lewis Hughes and Governor Butler, 1614 to 1621. See Lefroy’s ‘ Memorials’ and the ‘ Historye of the Bermudaes,’ by Nathaniel Butler (not by John Smith, as supposed by the editor). The islands were settled in 1612, and in 1616 this bird had become nearly extinct, as stated by Governor Butler. This was largely due to the famine of 1615, when 150 starving people were sent by Governor More “in the be- ginning of the newe yeare” to Cooper’s Island, which was one of the principal breeding-places, to feed on the birds and their eggs or young (for they bred in December and January, when other birds could not be obtained). These famished people, according to Mr. Hughes and Governor Butler, were inordinately gluttonous, and killed and ate the birds in vast and wasteful numbers, so that many persons soon became ill, and some died of surfeit. This caused their subse- quent removal to Port Royal, where they had to live largely on fish; but still they could get some of the birds from “ the adjacent islands.” ‘This statement indicates that the cahow bred also on some of the islands in Great Sound. The following extracts from the ‘ Historye of the Ber- mudaes,’ by Governor Nathaniel Butler, written about 1619, relates to the famine of 1615, and shows some of the causes of the very rapid extermination of the birds :— “ Whilst this Pinnace was on her way for England, scarcetie and famine every day more and more prevayleinge upon the sickly colony, caused the governour to look well about him; in the beginning of the newe yeare, therefore (1615), 150 persons, of the most ancient, sick, and weake, wer sent into Coopers Iland, ther to be relieved by the comeinge in of the sea-birds, especially the Cahowes, wher, by this half hunger-starved company, they are found in infinite numbers, and with all so tame and amazed they are, that upon the least howeteinge or noyce, they would fall downe, and light upon tlieir shoulders as they went, and leggs as they satt, suffering themselves to be caught faster than they could be killed. “ Wittnesse the generall carriage and behaviour of this company, who being thus arrived and gott up to a libertie and choice of eateing as much as they would, how monstrous 28 Mr. A. E. Verrill on the was it to see, how greedily everything was swallowed downe ; how incredible to speake, how many dozen of thoes poore silly creatures, that even offered themselves to the slaughter, wer tumbled downe into their bottomlesse mawes: wherupon (as the sore effect of so ranck a cause, the birds with all being exceedeingly fatt) then sodenly followed a generall surfettinge, much sicknesse, and many of their deathes.” In the next year (1616) a law was passed, “ but overlate,” to prevent the ‘‘spoyle and havock of the cahowes and other birds.”? Cooper’s Island, Castle Island, and several smaller islands, where it probably bred, were fortified and garrisoned from 1612 to 1620, and this was, without doubt, another important factor in its extermination. The act of 1616 is thus referred to in Governor Butler’s ‘ Historye’ :— ‘In the same moneth he held his second generall Assize at St. George’s, as irregularly as the first, wherein not any matter of note was handled, only a proclamation (or rather article, as it was then tearmed) was published (but overlate) against the spoyle and havock of the cahowes, and other birds, which already wer almost all of them killed and scared awaye very improvidently by fire, diggeinge, stoneinge, and all kinds of murtheringes.” It was probably entirely extinct by 1625 or earlier, and it seems to have been entirely forgotten by the natives for over 200 years. Mr. J. L. Hurdis, in 1849, thought that he had rediscovered it breeding on Gurnet Head Rock, for he found a few pairs of “dusky shearwaters” (probably Puffinus Auduloni) breeding there in crevices of the rocks. But the cahow was certainly not a shearwater. None of the early accounts apply to the shearwater, in respect to size, colour, habits, &c. Moreover, the flesh and eggs of the bird are described as of excellent flavour, which is not the case with the shearwaters, all of which have such a strong, oily, and musky flavour that they are inedible. Moreover, the cahow bred chiefly in holes in the soil, “like conyes in a warren.” It laid one large white egg, “like a henne’s egg’’ in size, colour, and flavour. The early writers describe another nocturnal sea-bird that they called the “ pimlico,” from its note; but it was not eaten by the settlers. This was, without much doubt, the shearwater found by Mr. Hurdis. This name is still used by the native fishermen for the shearwater. Some writers have been misled as to the breeding-place of the cahow, in consequence of the name of the small, high, almost inaccessible, bare island, now often called ‘ Gurnet “ Cahow” of the Bermudas. 29 Rock,” but formerly called Gurnet Head Rock, as it was named on the map made before 1622 by Norwood. This island was thus called because it lies in front of “ Gurnet Head,” a high cliff on Castle Island, on which a fort, now in ruins, was built about 1615. This name occurs in Governor Butler’s ‘Historye,’ written about 1619-1620, as well as on Norwood’s map of 1622. This name, it appears, does not refer to that of a bird (the gannet), which several writers have imagined to have been one of the old names given to the calow, in consequence of contusing it with the real gannet; but there is no evidence whatever to support that view. Probably Mr. Hurdis was also misled by the name of this rock when he supposed that the cahow could be found breeding on it. There is no reason whatever for supposing that it ever has bred there, even in the earliest times, for there 7s no soil on the summit in which the cahow could have made its nests, as I ascertained by a personal examination this year. Cooper’s Island is the only particular place that the early writers mentioned by name as a breeding-place of the cahow, though they say it bred on several of the smaller uninhabited islands. ‘The soil is deep on some parts of Cooper’s Island, and at present is filled with the holes of large land-crabs, where it is not cultivated. Possibly the cahow may have made use of the deserted holes of the crabs for its nests, instead of making new ones. Cooper’s Island contains about 77 acres, so that there was room enough there, before it was settled, for a large colony of these birds. Governor Butler wrote (about 1619) that at the time of the 1615 famine “they are found in infinite numbers,” breeding there. It may yet be possible to find the bones of the cahow by excavations made in suitable places on Cooper’s Island, but the best of the soil has long been cultivated. We made excavations for this purpose on Castle Island and Goat Island, both long uninhabited, but without suecess, though we found bones of other birds, many fishes, two human skeletons, gun-flints, and various old relics, due to their ancient garrisons. Castle Island was again garrisoned during the war of 1812, after long disuse. What may be said of the bird can be briefly summarized as follows :— 1. The cahow is an extinct web-footed sea-bird, unknown to ornithologists. It rapidly became extinct over 250 years ago, as the direct result of the occupation of the islands on which it bred by the earliest settlers. 2. It was not a shearwater, nor like any other known member of the petrel family. It may have been related to 30 On the “ Cahow” of the Bermudas. the auks (Alcide), some of which have similar white eggs and burrowing habits, and are edible. 3. It was strictly nocturnal in its habits. It flew only at night and made a “strange hollow and harsh howling” and a loud call, from which its name (cahow) was given. It came readily to persons imitating its note, and could then be easily taken by the hand, in the night. 4, It had good powers of flight, but could also run about on the ground without difficulty. It was very tame and unsuspicious. . 5. It laid generally, if not always, in burrows in the soil, a single large white egg, of good flavour, like a hen’s egg in size and taste. 6. It arrived at the Bermudas in October and remained till about the first of June (Hughes). 7. It laid its eggs in December and January, “in the coldest months of the year.”” In this respect it differed from all other sea-birds of the northern hemisphere. Therefore it probably spent its summer south of the equator, or else it was a local pelagic species that remained constantly at sea in summer, perhaps not far away. 8. In size it was compared to a “ pigeon” and to a “ green plover ” and to a “ partridge.” Therefore its egg must have been very large in comparison with the size of the body of the bird. The large number of birds said to have been eaten at a meal also indicates a rather small bird. 9. It had a strong hooked bill and could bite viciously. No mention was made of its ejecting oily or other matter from its bill for defence, as do the petrels. 10. Its colour was “ russet-brown” on the back; its quill- feathers were russet-brown and white; its belly was white (Strachy). In this combination of characters it differs from all known birds. The following graphic account of the bird and its habits was written by Mr. W. Strachy, one of the party of 150 persons who were wrecked with Sir George Somers in tlie “Sea Venture,’ July, 1609 :— “A kinde of webbe-footed Fowle there is, of the bignesse of an English greene Plover, or Sea-Meawe, which all the Summer we saw not, and in the darkest nights of November and December (for in the night they onely feed) they would come forth, but not flye farre from home, and hovering in the ayre, and over the Sea, made a strange hollow and harsh howling. They call it of the ery which it maketh, a Cohow. Their colour is inclining to Russet, with white bellies, as are ae On Butterflies from British East Africa, 31 likewise the long feathers of their wings, Russet and White, these gather themselves together and breed in those Ilands which are high, and so farre alone into the Sea, that the Wilde Hogges cannot swimme over them, and there in the ground they have their Burrowes, like Conyes in a Warren, and so brought in the loose Mould, though not so deepe ; which Birds with a light bough in a darke night (as in our Lowbelling) wee caught, I have beene at the taking of three hundred in an houre, and wee might have laden our Boates. Our men found a prettie way to take them, which was by standing on the Rockes or Sands by the Sea-side, and hollowing, laughing, and making the strangest outcry that possibly they could; with the noyse whereof the Birds would come flocking to that place, and settle upon the very armes and head of him that so eryed, and still creepe neerer and neerer, answering the noyse themselves; by which our men would weigh them with their hand, and which weighed heaviest they took for the best and let the others alone, and so our men would take twentie dozen in two houres of the chiefest of them; and they were a goodand well relished Fowle, fat and full as a Partridge. In January wee had great store of their Egges, which are as great as a Hennes Egge, and so fashioned and white shelled and have no difference in yolke nor white trom an Hennes Egge. ‘There are thousands of these Birds, and two or three [lands full of their Burrowes, whether at any time (in two houres warning) wee could send our Cockboat, and bring home as many as would serve the whole Company : which Birds for their blindnesse (for they see weakly in the day) and for their ery and whooting, wee called the Sea Owle ; they will bite cruelly with their crooked Bills.” V.—On a small Collection of Butterflies made by C. Stuart Bettun in British East Africa. By A. G. Buruer, Ph.D. THE following species were received this year from Mr. Bet- ton, collected at E. Quaso, Masai, in October 1900. Nymphalide. 1. Melanitis solandra, Fabr. 2. Neocenyra Gregorit, Butler. 3. Precis Gregorii, § 3 3 2, Butler. The female of this species was new to me; it 1s interesting 32 Dr. A. G. Butler on from the fact that it shows the short excavation of the outer margin to the primaries characteristic of P. stygia, but, on the other hand, has a much less angular and less irregular margin to the secondaries. Neither sex could by any possi- bility be confounded with the Western species. 4, Precis tereoides, Butler. Lycenide. 5. Axtocerses harpax, Fabr. Papilionide. 6. Mylothris Jacksont, 8 3 2, EK. M. Sharpe. 7. Terias brigitta, Cramer. 8. Papilio phorcas ¢ , Cramer. 9. Papilio Mackinnon’, Ki. M. Sharpe. 10. Papilio bromius, Doubl. 11. Papilio Jacksont ¢ , EK. M. Sharpe. Hesperiide. 12. Celenorrhinus opalinus ? , Butler. 13. Celenorrhinus Bettont, sp. n. 3. Above this species bears a remarkable resemblance, both in the disposition of its markings and general coloration, to the Indian C. ambareesa* ; the tint of the wings, including the hyalme markings, is slightly more yellow, and the fringes are chequered with ochreous. On the undersurface this species shows its African character, being coloured and marked more nearly in the manner of C. galenus: the primaries are deep chocolate-brown irrorated with ochreous; the basal half of costal area ochreous; the hyaline markings are edged with ochreous, the three larger ones forming part of an oblique central belt commencing in the ochreous costal streak and terminating in a quadrate ochreous patch near outer margin on interno-median area; theinternal area is ochraceous whitish: secondaries bright deep ochreous; the base, including the basal two thirds of discoidal cell, an irregular (key-pattern) band from costa to submedian vein crossing the end of the cell, the apical two thirds of costa, an irregular discal band * Figured in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. liii. pl. x. fig. 9 (1883). butterflies from British East Africa, 33 barely traceable in the centre, but forming large quadrate spots at its extremities, and an uneven series of large, more or less quadrate, marginal spots, dusky greyish ; veins termi- nating in black-brown spots on the fringe: body below dusky, clothed with yellow hair, the tibie and tarsi ochreous below; venter with pale yellowish bands, ochreous at anal extremity. Expanse of wings 38 millim. The female has all the dusky markings on the under surface replaced by distinct chocolate-brown, so that the character of the secondaries approaches somewhat nearer in aspect to that of some of the Oriental species. One pair, 27th October. 14. Acleros Mackenii, Trimen. 15. Cyclopides metis, Linn. 16. Kedestes? mirandus, sp. n. 9. Most like K. fenestratus on the upper surface, but the fringes sandy brown; the hyaline spots below the end of the cell larger, placed less obliquely, and only divided by the blackish second median branch; the interno-median spot larger, ochreous; the subapical spots larger, the uppermost spot minute, opaque, ochreous ; the discoidal cell and internal area of secondaries clothed with ochreous hairs. Below, there is no resemblance, the colouring reminding one of some of the smaller Geometrites of the Ennomid group: primaries blackish ; costal border ochraceous, suffused with vinous towards the base, expanding into a triangular bright ochreous patch (enclosing the hyaline spots) towards apex; the sub- apical hyaline spots with blackish external margins; the triangular patch is also partly bounded externally by an oblique blackish macular streak and by a wide terruginous brown border which tapers at each extremity ; fringe vinous brown; internal area somewhat greyish; interno-median spot whitish: secondaries bright ochreous ; the costal border, internal area, and outer border ferruginous ; four dark ferru- ginous spots on the basal third, two in the cell, the other two above and below it, forming a diamond pattern ; a large sub- costal quadrate spot, washed with lilacine and partly black- edged, beyond these, and a small bifid spot lying obliquely beyond this again; a prominent, straight, slightly tapering, dark ferruginous band from submedian vein to apex, and beyond this an imperfect dark ferruginous line partly limiting Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. ix. 3 a4 Mr. W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. the external border; a marginal series of small dark ferru- ginous spots; fringe vinous brown: body below ochreous. Expanse of wings 33 millim. One female, 26th October. Although so dissimilar in the coloration of the under surface from any of the other types of Kedestes, ] can find no other genus of the Cyclopides group to which it seems to show so much affinity. 17. Padraona zeno, Trimen. VI.—Rhynchotal Notes.—XI11. Heteroptera: Fam. Pyrrho- coride. By W. L. Distant. In this communication will be found the result of an examina- tion of Walker’s descriptions relating to this family, com- mencing at page 163 of his ‘ Catalogue of Heteroptera,’ vol. v., and terminating at p. 40 of his vol. vi. of the same publica- tion. Some other species in the British Museum collection, which have been acquired during recent years, are also described. Fam. Pyrrhocoride. Subfam. Larerz. Genus LARGUS. Largus bilineatus. Acinocoris bilineatus, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 38. n. 3 (1878). Var. Acinocoris includens, Walk. loc. cit. n. 4. Largus crassipes. Largus crassipes, Stal, GEfv. Vet.-Ak. Foérh. 1861, p, 197. Largus concisus, Walk, Cat. Het. vi. p. 88 (1875). A very variable species in the markings to the under surface ot the abdomen. All the specimens now before me have the bases of the scutellum and corium narrowly black. Sometimes, but very seldom, the basal margins of the membrane are narrowly black. Genus THERANEIS. Theraneis lurida, sp. nu. Black ; antennz with the second, third, and fourth joints ochraceous; corium pale ochiaceous ; margins of membrane ALE Tt? ee ee Mr. W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. 35 greyish white; anterior portion of head above, lateral and posterior margins of anterior lob2 and a central longitudinal line and basal margin to posterior pronotal lobe pale greyish pubescent ; body beneath thickly greyishly pilose. Antenne with the first joint longer than the fourth, the second a little longer than the third; posterior lobe of pro- notum very obsoletely punctate; clavus and corium coarsely punctate ; anterior femora with a long spine near apex. Long. 10 millim. Hab. Amazons (Brit. Mus.). Allied to 7. pulchra, Dist., from which it differs by the different colour of the corium, greater length of the first joint of the antennz, obsolete punctuation of the posterior pronotal lobe, and the strongly punctured corium and clavus. Theraneis spinosa, sp. n. Black ; corium ochraceous; margins of pronotum, a trans- verse fascia at posterior margin of anterior lobe, connected centrally with posterior margin, argentaceous; body beneath silvery grey, a lateral spot on the sternal segments, a large spot on the lateral areas of the fifth abdominal segments, legs, and antenne black; apex of second joint and the whole of third and fourth joints of antenna ochraceous. Pronotal angle produced into long, acute, backwardly directed spines; pronotum coarsely punctate; clavus and corium impunctate. Long. 13 millim. Hab. Amazons: Ega (Brit. Mus.). In colour and appearance very similar to 7. lurid, Dist., but differing by the long pronotal spines, impunctate corium, &c. Genus Ipuita, Iphita lycoides. Melamphaus lycoides, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 17. n. 12 (1873). Allied to I. limbata, Stal; rostrum only reaching the intermediate cox; lateral margins of the pronotum less sinuate. Genus PHYSOPELTA. Physopelta? lateralis. Pyrrhocoris lateralis, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 172. n. 20 (1872). I have provisionally placed this small Australian species in the genus Physopelta, 2% Sth 36 Mr. W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. Genus ANTILOCHUS. Antilochus Boerhavie. Lygeus Boerhavia, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iv. p. 152. 57 (1794). i: Antilochus submaculatus, Kirby, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xvii. p. 268 (1896). The figure given of Kirby’s type (Joe. ett. pl. xii. fig. 4) is unsatisfactory, not showing the basal lateral ochraceous margin to the corium, and giving a wrong direction to the basal oblique fascia—both correctly described, however, by Kirby. It is stated by the deseriber, “ Allied to A. Boerhavie, Fabr., but very distinct.” Here Kirby had_ evidently accepted and been misled by Walker’s determination of O. Boerhavie (Cat. Het. v. p. 176), which was applied to some South-African specimens which = A. nigrocruciatus, Stal. Antilochus discifer. Antilochus discifer, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vii. p. 594 (1863). Melamphaus scutifer, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 16, n. 10 (1873). Antilochus discoidalis. Pyrrhocoris discoidalis, Burm. Nov. Act. Ac. Leop. xvi., Suppl. p. 299, t. xli. fig. 12 (1834). Dindymus discoidalis, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 6. n. 20 (1873). Var. Melamphaus angulifer, Walk. loc. cit. p. 15. n. 9. Walker apparently identified this species correctly and then redescribed it under Burmeister’s specific name. Genus Ecratoprs. Ectatops indignus. Dindymus indignus, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 10. n. 30 (1873). Ectatops largoides, Walk. loc. cit. p. 24. n. 12. Abdomen beneath luteous, posterior margins of the abdo- minal segments very narrowly piceous. Apparently allied to E. erythromelas, Stal, but differing in the colour of the abdomen. Hab. Siam. Var.—Corium almost entirely red; basal angle and apical margin of the membrane ochraceous. Hab, Arakan. Lctatops adustus. Ectatops adustus, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 25. n. 13 (1873). Fourth joint of antenne broadly luteous near base; rostrum reaching base of third abdominal segment. Mr. W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. 37 Ectatops costalis. Melamphaus costalis, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 14. n. 5 (1873). Eetatops rubiaceus. Ectatops rubiaceus, Amy. & Serv. Hist. Hem. p. 273 (1843). Dindymus imitator, Walk, Cat. Het. vi. p. 7. n. 23 (1873). Genus ASSCHINES. Aischines bucculatus. Eschines bucculatus, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vii. p. 402 (1863). Pyrrhocoris ramosus, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 172. n. 19 (1872). Ectatops tenuicornis, Walk. loc. cit. vi. p. 25. n. 14 (1873). Genus Euscopus. Euscopus indecorus. Pyrrhocoris indecorus, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 172. n. 18 (1872). A very small luteous spot near centre of apical margin of corium. EHuscopus vittiventris. Pyrrhocoris vittiventris, Walk, Cat. Het. v. p. 171. n. 16 (1872). Genus STICTAULAX. Stictaulax circumspecta. Stictaulax circumspecta, Stal, En. Hem. i. p. 107 (1870). Dindymus effusus, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 7. n. 24 (1873). Genus MELAMPHAUS. Melamphaus fulvomarginatus. Dysdercus fulvomarginatus, Dohrn, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxi. p. 405 (1860). Melamphaus lateralis, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 13. n. 4 (1873). Melamphaus marginalis, Walk. /oc, cit. p. 14. n. 6. Melamphaus rubrocinctus, Dysdercus? rubro-cinctus, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vii. p. 403 (1863). Melamphaus femoratus, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 15. n. 8 (1873). Genus CALLIBAPHUS. Callibaphus longtrostris. Cimex longirostris, Dru. Ill. Nat. Hist. iii, Index & p. 60, pl. xliii. fig. 5 (1782). Roscius fasciatus, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 174. n. 4 (1872). 38 Mr. W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. Genus ODONTOPUS. Odontopus dilectus. Odontopus dilectus, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 176. n. 8 (1872). Antilochus ? dilectus, Leth. & Sev. Cat. Gén. Hém. t. ii. p. 248 (1894). Allied to O. sexpunctatus, Lap. The British Museum now possesses a long series of specimens collected by Col. Yerbury at Aden. Odontopus scutellaris. Odontopus scutellaris, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 178. n. 16 (1872). This species appears to have been missed in the Catalogue of Lethierry and Severin. Odontopus nigricornis. Odontopus nigricornis, St&l, Stett. ent. Zeit. xxii. p. 146 (1861). Physopelta plana, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 21. n. 12 (1873). Physopelta bimaculata, Walk, loc. cit, p. 22. n. 18, COdontopus binotatus. Odontopus binotatus, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vii. p. 898 (1863), Physopelta immunis, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 22. n. 14 (1878). Odontopus angolensis, sp. n. Ochraceous ; central lobe and base of head, antenne, tiansverse anterior disk of pronotum, scutellum, head be- neath, large coxal spots to sternum, trochanters, legs, rostrum, and anterior areas of abdominal segments, dark sanguineous ; base of clavus, a transverse central spot and an apical rounded spot to corium, and marginal spots to con- nexivum above and beneath black. Long. 18-21 millim. Hab, Angola (Brit. Mus., Coll. Dist.). Allied to OU. seapunctatus, Lap., trom which it differs by the wider and more tumid anterior margin of the pronotum (which is also distinctly longer than in OU, seapunctatus), body more elongate, &c. Odontopus modestus, sp. n. Very pale luteous; head, antennw, transverse space on auterior area of pronotum, and legs ochraceous, third and fourth joints of antenne piceous; corium with a central spot and a spot near apical angle brownish ochraceous ; membrane and sternal incisures pale brownish ochraceous ; abdominal segmental incisures roseate. _— ) “2 Mr. W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. 39 Antenne with a few scattered hairs, to be found princi- pally on the basal joint and at the apices of the second and third joints; first, second, and fourth joints subequal in length, third shortest; head and transverse anterior area to pronotum very finely and obscurely punctate, remaining area of pronotum (excluding the lateral margins) and corium very thickly and finely punctate; sternum (excluding coxal areas) distinctly punctate. Long. 14-20 millim. Hab. British Kast Africa (C. S. Betton, Brit. Mus.). Odontopus confusus, sp. n. Ochraceous ; head, rostrum, and legs, sometimes the under surface of the body, more or less pale sanguineous ; antenna black, first joint, and sometimes the base of the second, sanguineous; two transverse black lines on anterior area of pronotum, between which the colour is more or less san- guineous ; corium with a spot near inner angle and another spot near apex black; discal area of prosternum and anterior areas of meso- and metasterna black or dull reddish; anterior abdominal segmental margins black or dull reddish. Antenne with the second joint a little longer than the fourth, third shortest; corium very finely but distinctly punctate. Long. 14-17 millim. Hab. Lake Tanganyika (A. Carson, Brit. Mus.) ; Zanzibar (Coll. Dist.). By the colour of the antenne this species is allied to O. notabilis, Dist., and O. modestus, Dist. Genus DINDYMUS. Dindymus crudelis. Dindymus crudelis, Stil, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vii. p. 397. 3 (1863). Dindymus reduvoides, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 9. n. 27 (18738). Dindymus pyrochrous. Dysdercus pyrochrous, Boisd. Voy. Astrol., Ent. ii. p. 642 (1835), fig. inexact. Dindymus varius, Walk, Cat. Het. vi. p. 9. n. 29 (1878). Dindymus intermedius, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 9. n. 28 (1873). This species is founded on a single immature form, of which at present nothing can be determined. 40 Mr. W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. Dindymus circumeinetus. Dindymus circumeinctus, Stal, Berl. ent. Zeitschr. vii. p. 400 (1863). Dindymus cinctifer, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 12. n. 35 (1873). Dindymus dubius, Walk. loc. cit. n. 35. Dindymus relatus, sp. n. Pale sanguineous ; posterior lobe of pronotum, membrane, and the abdomen pale ochraceous; base of scutellum, tibiae, and tarsi piceous; antenne black, base of first joint san- guineous ; apical joint, anterior margin of prosternum, and posterior margins of pro-, meso-, and metasterna pale ochra- ceous; margins of abdomen dark ochraceous ; apex of fourth joint of antenn piceous. Corium thickly punctate, remaining upper surface practically impunctate; lateral margins of pronotum strongly laminately reflexed. Long. 12 millim. Hab. South Africa: near Lake Tanganyika (A. Carson, Brit. Mus.). Most nearly allied to the Malayan D. rubiginosus, Fabr. Dindymus natalensis, sp. n. Black ; anterior, lateral, and posterior margins of pronotum, inner and apical claval margins, lateral and apical margins of corium, antennal tubercle, coxze, lateral margins of sternum and abdomen, sternal incisures, and apical margin of last abdominal segment sanguineous or reddish ochraceous ; the disks of second, third, and fourth abdominal segments ochra- ceous. Head, pronotum, and scutellum very obscurely punctate or impunctate ; corium distinctly punctate, its lateral margins impunctate. Long. 10 millim. Hab. Natal (Brit. Mus.). Allied to D. nigriceps, Stal. Dindymus ceneus, sp. n. Head, pronotum, scutellum, and sternum black; antenna, Jateral (broadly) and posterior (narrowly) margins of pro- notum, corium, abdomen, lateral margins of sternum, and Jegs pale sanguineous ; clavus and acurved claval margin on corium purplish black ; posterior lateral margin of corium, Jateral margin of abdomen, and the membrane ochraceous ; rostrum, bases of femora, a spot at the posterior apices of the third and fourth, and the central area of the fourth and fifth Mr, W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. 41 abdominal segments black; apical joint of the antennez stramineous. Pronotum with the anterior lobe anteriorly and posteriorly defined by a linear series of coarse punctures, posterior pro- notal lobe and the corium thickly punctate, lateral margins of the pronotum and corium impuncetate ; anterior femora robust, spined beneath ; eyes prominent. Long. 11 millim. Hab, Nilgiri District: Utakamand (Atkinson Coll., Brit. Mus.). Genus SYNCROTUS. Syncrotus amabilis. Ectatops amabilis, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 26. n. 15 (1873). Genus CENZUS. Ceneus semiflavus, sp. n. Head, antenne, pronotum, scutellum, base of lateral margin to corium, sternum, and legs very pale sanguineous ; posterior margin of pronotum, corium, and abdomen beneath pale ochraceous ; apical joint of antenna, anterior area of pronotum, basal margin of scutellum, rostrum, apical joint of the tarsi, and margins of sternal segments black ; membrane pale greyish. Corium somewhat thickly punctate ; remaining upper surface practically impunctate ; lateral pronotal margins distinctly recurved. Long. 8-10 millim. Hab, East Africa: Ruwenzori (Scott Eliot, Brit. Mus.). Genus PYRRHOPEPLUS. Pyrrhopeplus pictus, sp. n. Pale ochraceous ; anterior area and lateral margins of pro- notum, scutellum, lateral margins of corium, connexivum, lateral sternal margins, coxe, and femora testaceous or very dark ochraceous ; antenne, discal margins of central lobe and basal margin of head, anterior and posterior margin of ante- rior raised area of pronotum, basal margin of scutellum, a rounded spot on corium near anterior angle, margins of in- cisures to sternum and abdomen, a central fascia to head beneath, tibize, and tarsi black. Pronotum and scutellum somewhat darkly punctate ; head and anterior transverse disk of pronotum impunctate, the Jast with its black margins thickly and coarsely punctate. 42 Mr. W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. Long. 9-11 millim. Hab. Sylhet (Brit. Mus.); Naga Hills (Doherty, Coll. Dist.). Genus DYSDERCUS. Dysdercus discolor. Dysdercus discolor, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 190. n. 40 (1872). Dysdercus annuliger, Uhler, Proc. Zool. Soc. xiii. p. 189 (1894). Dysdercus melanoderes. Dysdercus melanoderes, Karsch, Ent. Nachr, 1892, p. 135. This species is, as Karsch pointed out, to be known by its unicolorous hemelytra and its large size. In many specimens, however, there is a distinct black discal spot on each corium. The body beneath is also pale unicolorous and the seg- mental margins little and narrowly darker. Dysdercus simplex. Dindymus simplex, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 6 (1873°. Dysdercus decorus, Bredd. Zeit. fiir Entomologie, 1901, p. 115. Hab. Siklim, Nicobar Islands, Dinding Islands, Celebes, Obi Island (Brit. Mus.). Dysdercus variegatus, nom. nov. Dysdercus simplex, Dist. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1888, p. 485 (nom, preeocc.). Walker’s Dindymus simplex proving to be a Dysdercus, it is necessary to rename the above. Dysdercus impictiventris. Dysdercus impictiventris, Stal, En, Hem. i. p. 120 (1870). Dysdercus albescens, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 190. n. 38 (1872). Dysdercus pecilus. Pyrrhocoris pecilus, Herr.-Schaft. Wanz. Ins. vii. p. 17, fig. 699 (1844), Dysdercus pecilus, Bredd, Wien. entomol. Zeit. xx. p. 85 (1901). Dysdercus concinnulus, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 190 (1872). Dysdercus biguttatus. Dindymus biguttatus, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 11 (1873). Dysdercus pretiosus, sp. n. Pronotum and corium Juteous ; head, antenne, scutellum, a somewhat broad, transverse, medial fascia to corium and apical angle of same, membrane, and legs black; sternum | a Mr. W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. 43 and abdomen luteous ; subanterior area to pronotum, sternal segmental margins, coxe, trochanters, and basal abdominal segmental margins pale bright castaneous; rostrum dark castaneous and almost reaching apex of second abdominal segment. Anterior femora strongly spined beneath; pronotum ob- scurely, corium distinctly punctate; membrane with the apical margins narrowly greyish. Long. 12-13 millim. Hab. Kast Central Africa: Ruwenzori (Scott Elliot, Brit. Mus.). Dysdercus Clarki, sp. n. Head, pronotum, and scutellum black ; anterior area and lateral margins of pronotum red, its anterior margin narrowly fuscous ; corium dark obscure olivaceous, with about apical third black ; membrane black, its apical margins narrowly greyish; sternum and abdomen beneath pale luteous, a large transverse reddish-ochraceous spot on each side of the sternal segments ; fifth abdominal segment and base of sixth black, both laterally reddish ochraceous ; legs very dark castaneous ; antenne fuscous, base of last joint luteous ; rostrum brownish, its apical joint piceous. Pronotum with the lateral margins strongly concavely sinuate ; anterior margin and posterior area of pronotum and the corium thickly punctate, the corium most distinctly so ; anterior femora spined beneath near apices. Long. 83 millim. Hab. Rio Province (Hamlet Clark Exped., Brit. Mus.). Dysdercus evanescens, 8). 0. Very pale ochraceous; head, anterior area and _ lateral margins of pronotum, scutellum, lateral and apical margins of corium, and legs reddish ochraceous ; antennz and a small round spot on the disk of corium black; body beneath pale ochraceous ; lateral margins of sternum, prosternum with a spot. behind the area of each eye connected with a narrow transverse line, anterior area of mesosternum, a large lateral spot to metasternum, and anterior areas of abdominal segments reddish ochraceous; abdominal marginal incisures very narrowly black; membrane pale brownish. Prosternum coarsely and roughly punctate, pronotum and corium thickly punctate, the last most finely so. Long. 17-20 millim. 44 Mr. W. L. Distant on Pyrrhocoride. Hab. Sikhim: Mungphu (Atkins. Coll., Brit. Mus., and Coll. Dist.). Khasia and Garo Hills (Coll. Dist.). In some specimens the pale ochraceous coloration is uni- formly replaced by reddish ochraceous. The species may also be recognized by its large size, pale membrane, &c. Summarized Disposition of Walker's Genera and Species belonging to the Mum. Pyrrhocoride. Species considered valid and described under correct Genera. Odontopus dilectus, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 176. n. 8 (1872). scutellaris, Walk. loc. cit. p. 178. n. 16. Dysdercus jamaicensis, Walk. loc. cit, p. 182. n. 11. Fervens, Walk. loc. ctt. n. 12. discolor, Walk. loc. cit. p. 190. n. 40. Dindymus decisus, Walk. loc. cit. vi. p. 5. n. 18 (1873). basifer, Walk. loc. cit. n. 19. clarus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 6. n. 21. -—_— rutilans, Walk. loc. cit. p. 8. n. 26. Melamphaus circumdatus, Walk. loc, cit. p. 16. n. 11. Physopelta apicalis, Walk. loc. cit. p. 21. n. 11. Ectatops adustus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 25. n. 13, subjectus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 26. n. 16. venustus, Walk. loc. cit. n. 17. coloratus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 27. n. 18. Largus torridus, Walk. loc. eit. p. 34. n. 24. anticus, Walk. loc. cit. n. 25. — divisus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 35, n. 26, Arhaphe cicindeloides, Walk. loc, cit. p. 36. n. 2. Species considered valid, but requtring generic revision. Tyrrhocoris vittiventris, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 171. n. 16 (1872), belongs to gen. Euscopus. — indecorus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 172. n. 18, belongs to gen. Luscopus. — lateralis, Walk. loc. cit. n. 20, belongs to gen. Physopelta ? Dindymus simplex, Walk. loc. cit. p. 6. n, 22, belongs to gen. Dysdercus. —— indignus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 10. n. 80, belongs to gen. Ectatops. — biguttatus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 11. n. 34, ,, 5 Dysdereus. Melamphaus costalis, Walk. loc. cit. p. 14. n. 14, belongs to gen, Eetatops. lycoides, Walk. loc. cit. p. 17. n. 12, belongs to gen. Iphita. Ectatops amabilis, Walk. /oc. cit. p. 26. n, 15, belongs to gen. Syncrotus. Acinocoris bilineatus, Walk. loc. cit, p. 88, n. 8, belongs to gen. Largus, Species treated as synonymie, Pyrrhocoris_ maculicollis, Walk, Cat. Het. v. p. 171. n. 17 (1872),= Pyrrhocoris sibiricus, Kusch (sec. Horvath). ramosus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 172. n. 19,= dischines bucculatus, Stal. Roscius fasciatus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 174. n. 4,= Callibaphus longirostris, Dru. Dysdercus mundus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 181. n. 8,=Dysdercus concinnus, Stal. On Two new Gerbils from Egypt. 45 Dysdercus albescens, W alk. loc. cit. p. 190. n. 38, = Dysdercus impictiventris, Stal. concinnulus, Walk. loc. cit. n. 89,= Dysdercus pecilus, Herr.-Sch. Dindymus discoidalis, Walk. loc, cit, vi. p. 6.n. 20 (1878),= Antilochus discordalis, Burm. imitator, Walk. loc, cit. p. 7. n. 28,=Ectatops rubiaceus, A. & 8. effusus, Walk. Joc. cit. n. 24,= Stictaulax circumspecta, Stal. reduvoides, Walk. loc. cit. p. 9. n. 27,= Dindymus crudelis, Stal. varius, Walk. loc, cit. n. 29,= Dindymus pyrochrous, Boisd. einctifer, Walk. loc. cit. p. 12. n. 35,= Dindymus circumeinctus, Stil. Melamphaus lateralis, Walk. loc. cit. p. 18. n. 4,= Melamphaus fulvo- marginatus, Dohrn. — marginalis, Walk. loc. cit. p. 14. n.6,= Melamphaus fulvomarginatus, Dohrn. ‘Gaia Walk. doc. cit. n. 15, n. 8,= Melamphaus rubrocinctus, Stal. angulifer, Walk. loc. eit. n. 9,= Antilochus discoidalis, Burm., var. seutifer, Walk. loc. cit. p. 16. n. 10, = Antilochus discifer, Stal. Sige pet plana, Walk. loc. cit. p. 21, n. 12,= Odontopus nigricornis, Stal bimaculata, Walk. loc. cit. p. 22. n. 13, = Odontopus nigricornis, Stal. immunis, Walk. loc. cit. n. 14,= Odontopus binotatus, Stal. Ectatops largoides, Walk. loc. cit. p. 24, n. 12, = Ectatops indignus, Walk. —— tenuicornis, Walk. loc. cit. p. 25. n. 14, = Aschines bucculatus, Stal. Largus concisus, Walk. loc. cit. p. 33. n. 21,= Largus crassipes, Stil, var. pulverulentus, Walk. loc. cit. n, 22,=Largus bipustulatus, Stal. obtusus, Walk. loc, cit. n. 23,=Largus convivus, Stal Acinocoris includens, Walk. loc. cit. p. 38. n. 4,= Largus bilineatus, Walk., var, To be treated as non-existent. Species the types of which are not now to be found in the British Museum. Dysdercus coloratus, Walk. Cat. Het. v. p. 189. n. 387 (1872). pectoralis, Walk. loc, cit. p. 191. n. 41. Dindymus venustulus, Walk. loc, cit. vi. p. 8. n. 25 (18738). Ectatops ruficosta, Walk. loc, cit. p. 27. n. 19. Dindymus intermedius, Walk, Cat. Het. vi. p. 9. n. 28 (1873). A species founded on a single immature specimen. Species wrongly included in the Pyrrhocoride. Melamphaus rubidus, Walk. Cat. Het. vi. p. 14. n. 7 (1873),=Pyrrho- baphus leucurus, Fabr. (Lygeine). VII.—Descriptions of Two new Gerbils from Eyypt. By W. E. pe WInTon. Gerbillus Andersoni, sp. n. This species may be described as a miniature of G. pyra- midum, Geoff., having the dark-tipped fur, the dark whiskers, 46 On Two new Gerbils from Egypt. black-bordered ears, and the inclination to yellowish stain on the white of the underside. ‘The extent of the hair on the soles of the feet and the slight development of the brush- hairs towards the end of the tail are also much as in that species. In size it closely approaches G. gerbillus, Oliv., but the ears are longer. The type of the species is a skin (number 92. 7. 1. 5 in the British Museum) collected and presented by the late Dr. John Anderson ; it was obtained, as were all the other specimens, at Mandara, E, of Alexandria. Measurements (taken from specimens preserved in al- cohol) :— 3 3 2. 2 mm mm mm. mm. Head and body ...... 85 89 89 87 Ta, VPN a, 125 117 120 115 PE FOE yo iw ong epee 27 27 27°5 27 Le are Say hae 155 16 15°5 15°5 A three-parts grown female has the hind foot 25 millim. in length. Skull measurements :— mm mm. mm. Greatest length 2. Sek 30 30 30 Greatest breadth ......5..0..0. 16 16 16 Supraorbital constriction ........ 55 6 59 Biemirth OR MARAIS an's sin as «ee 12 12 12 ASA ENT ec erect eter ee ee 25 24 25 Length of incisive foramina ...... 55 ee 55 Length of molar series .......... 43 4°3 44 The skull is rather larger than that of G. gerdillus and is readily distinguished by its longer nasal portion, more expanded maxillary portion of the zygomata, larger teeth, and longer incisive foramina. Dipodillus amenus, sp. 0. Size small, form compact; ears short; tail about half as long again as the head and body; hind feet long, with the three proximal pads very ill-defined. Colour very dark, the fur mouse-grey tipped with reddish fawn, the latter colour clearer on the sides; a very pale, almost white, patch on the buttocks. ‘Tail dark blackish above, fawn beneath, the pencil and crest black-brown. The face is handsomely marked; the tip of the nose and the front portion of the moustachial area is pale to white; a very distinct dark nose- spot commences immediately behind the nostrils, gradually fading away into the general rich colour of the forehead ; On Two new Species of Potto. 47 dark branches of this spot extend down the hinder part of the moustachial area; there is a pale spot immediately in front of the eye; the cheek beneath the eye is red-fawn, with a distinet dark smoky patch behind the eye and beneath the ear. The ears dark blackish, except at their bases. ‘The whole of the underparts, the hands, and the feet white. 2 3,1 2, Province of Ghizeh; collected by Dr. C. W. Andrews, F.G.S. Type of species, no. 1, @, in al. Measurements (taken from specimens preserved in al- cohol) :— 3 (type), 3; a no. lL. no. 2. no. 3 mm mm. mm. Head and body ...... 7% 74 73 SRT a Fetviatcip «.xle gs ots « p 112 92 (imperfect) 105 (imperfect) MBA TOOb bef. 2 sj 5 5.5. « 23°5 21°5 23 Forearm and hand.... 238 23 23 ENT seeks A cea 1s os Beate: & 11 11 1l No. 2, g, has a very short hind foot; the tail is very imperfect, there being no crest on the part remaining. Measurements of skull of ¢, no. 2:— Greatest length 26 millim.; greatest breadth 15; breadth of brain-case 13°5; temporal constriction 5:2; length of nasals 10; basal length 22; length of palate 10; incisive foramina 4°5; molar series 3°6. This mouse-gerbil is a prettily marked, compactly built little animal, though the hind legs are rather long. It is very distinct from D. quadrimaculatus, Lataste, found not far off at Helouan, which is yellow in colour and is larger and more handsomely coloured than )). Watersi*, de Winton. VII1.—Notices of Two new Species of Potto from the French Congo Territory. By W. KE. DE WINTON. THE collections made by Mr. G. L. Bates in the French Congo territory have added considerably to our knowledge of the Pottos. ‘lwo new species are here described, one belonging to the true Pottos (Perodicticus) and the other to the dwarf Pottos (Arctocebus). Besides the new forms, examples of the large Potto from Gaboon (P. Edwards?) described briefly by M. Bouvier in the ‘Guide du Natural.’ 1879, i. p. 10, have been obtained, * Novitates Zool. (Tring), Dec. 1901. 48 On Two new Species of Potto. affording means of comparison. This large Gaboon species is characterized by its long head, short tail, and dull greyish colouring. | The genus Arctocebus is well separated from Perodicticus in the formation of the hand, the fuller development of the molars, the want of the shelf over the auditory meatus formed by the squamosal, and the absence of the protruding processes ot the cervical vertebra. = Perodicticus Batest, sp. n. Size intermediate between P. potto and P. Edwardst. Colour very much richer and more rufous or almost red- mahogany. Bristle-hairs about nape strongly developed. Tail very short, as short or shorter than that of P. Edwardst. Type in the British Museum, no. 98. 5. 4.12, 2, 11th Feb., 1898. Benito River, 15 miles from mouth. G. L, Bates, no. d40. Fang name “ Awun.” Measurements (taken in the flesh) :— Head and body 380 millim.; tail 40; hind foot 75; ear 23. Another specimen (a male) has practically the same measurements. The skull, except in being larger, closely resembles that of P. potto; the squamosal portion of the zygomatic arch is, however, broader, and the teeth are larger. The skull of P. Edwardsi is very readily distinguished by its length and less expanded zygomata, and at the same time by the great breadth of the posterior portion across the mastoids and auditory bullee. Arctocebus aureus, sp. n. Size smaller than A. calibarensis; tail very short, the terminal hairs stiff and closely pressed together. The whole of the upper surface bright golden red, the hair very lustrous, with no dark tips; the lower side is dull and paler, mixed with ashy grey. The snout is considerably projected beyond the lower lip. The front of the face, from the eyes to the point of the nose, is sparsely clothed with minute hairs and is practically naked ; from the side of the nose to the eyes there 1s a slight ridge of stiffer hairs, with a few longer sensory hairs inter- spersed, the fur on the cheek growing forwards to assist in the formation of the ridge. ‘Ihe immediate circle of the orbit On the Southern Snapping-Turtle. 49 is dark, and there is a short eyebrow formed of dark stiff hairs above the front corner of the eye. The front foot or hand differs from that of its only ally in having amuch shorter fifth finger, which only just passes the first joint of the long fourth finger. The skull is readily distinguished from that of A. calibar- ensis by its narrowness and fine moulding. ‘The snout is very sharp and the orbits closer together. ‘The premaxille are extraordinarily developed and project in front of the incisors more than the length of the diameter of the narial opening. The incisive foramina are very small. The angle of the lower jaw is cut short off, the condylar process clearly pro- jecting beyond it posteriorly. Type (gf) no. 1. 11. 21. 3 in the British Museum. Collected by G. L. Bates, 16th April, 1901, “50 miles up the Benito River, among hills of 500 to 1000 feet above sea- level” (G. L. B.). Measurements taken in the flesh :— Head and body 270 millim.; tail 18; hind foot 38; ear 30. The skull is unfortunately much damaged ; it is that of an animal arrived at maturity, but with the teeth little worn, having long pointed cusps. In all essential characters the teeth agree with those of A. ca/ibarensts. A female of A. calibarensis in alcohol, presented to the British Museum by Miss Kingsley, shows three pairs of mamme on the breast—postaxial, pectoral, and abdominal ; the hindermost pair only slightly further removed from the middle pair than these are from the front pair. ‘The clitoris is long and penis-like, measuring 10 millim. in length: the clearly separated vagina has a cross-opening about 9 millim. in width, somewhat lunate in form (the convex side towards the anus, which is unusually far removed) ; the edges are exceedingly thin and overhanging, partly closing over a wide antechamber containing the more delicate parts. I am not aware that the female of Perodicticus has yet been examined. IX.—On the Southern Snapping- Turtle (Chelydra Ros- signonii, Bocourt). By G. A. BOULENGER, F.R.S. THE late Professor Peters was the first to make known, in 1862, the occurrence of a Snapping-Turtle in Ecuador. This record is based ou a young specimen from near Guayaquil - Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. ix. + 50 On the Southern Snapping- Turtle. which was referred to the only species then known, Chelydra serpentina, but under the name of var. acutirostris *, the snout being considered as rather more pointed than in the specimens from North America. ‘This difference, however, does not exist, I think, as a constant character. Another great authority, the late Professor Cope, in 1872 f, also referred the South-American Snapper to Chelydra serpentina, adding : “] can find no specific difference between shells from Penn- sylvania, Mexico, and Equator.” Having now received several specimens, adult and ycung, from North-western Ecuador, through Mr. Rosenberg, I find that the species is certainly different from the North American, which appears to range from Canada to Northern Mexico, and the same as described by Bocourt ¢ from quite young specimens obtained in Mexico and Guatemala, under the name of Chelydra Ros- signonit, a name which should stand in preference to that of acutirostris, the latter not being accompanied by a proper definition. The specimens examined by me are a male, a female, and a young from the Rio Durango, N.W. Ecuador, 350 feet, and two young from St. Javier, N.W. Ecuador, 60 feet. Some measurements of these are given in the following table, in the order mentioned :— L.4 2. 3. 4. 5. mm mm. mm mm, mm. Length of carapace .........4.. 270 200 56 66 66 Hi Plasivon AIS ots 2. 205 155 40 49 50 Width of plastral bridge ........ 25 20 i 8 8 Length of first vertebral shield .. 50 40 9 18 12 Width * 9 en eam i 50 13 17 15 Length of second __,, 5 at Go 45 10 13 12 Width 7 9 7 100 50 15 17 Vs Length of first costal shield .... 70 50 12 15 15 Width a = + feck Oo 60 15 17 18 Length of abdominal shield .... 26 20 7 8 8 Width " fe oaks Sea 50 13 16 15 From these measurements it will be seen that the plastral bridge is broader and the vertebral shields narrower than in CU. serpentina, comparing, of course, specimens of the same size. Besides, C. Rosstgnonii differs in having two pairs of small mental barbels instead of one. ] have already pointed out that§ Ch. Rossignonit appears * Mon. Berl. Acad. 1862, p, 627. + Proc. Ac. Philad. 1872, p. 23. t Miss. Sc. Mex., Rept. p. 18, pl. v. fig. 2 (1870). § Cat. Chelon. p. 23. i On new Batrachians and Reptiles. 51 to be more nearly related to the fossil Ch. Murchisoni?¢ than is Ch. serpentina. Leaving out Pomel’s Emydosaurus Meil- heuratie *, from the Oligocene of Auvergne, of which a definition has never appeared, and Laube’s imperfectly known Chelydra argillarum f, from the Oligocene of Bohemia, four species of Chelydra are known, two recent and two fossil. Their principal characters are contrasted in the following synopsis :— Synopsis of the Species. I. Vertebral shields at least two thirds the width of the costals ; the length of the outer border of the hyosternal bone less than that of the inner. Anterior lobe of plastron angular; bridge very narrow, not more than one tenth of the length of the plastron; two barbels.. 1. serpentina, L. Anterior lobe of plastron angular; brilge comparatively broad, less than one ninth of the length of the plastron; four barbels. 2. Rossignonii, Bocourt. Anterior lobe of plastron with nearly parallel sides, truncate in front; bridge compara- tively broad, formed to a nearly equal extent by the hyo- and the hyposternals. 3. Murchisonii, Bell. II. Vertebral shields not much broader than long, not more than two thirds the width of the costals ; bridge compara- tively broad, formed to a nearly equal extent by the hyo-and the hyposternals ; the length of the outer border of the hyosternal as great as thatof theinner. 4. Dechenii, H. v. Mey.t X .— Descriptions of new Batrachians and Reptiles from North-western Ecuador. By G. A. BouLENGER, F.R.S. Cecilia nigricans. Teeth moderately large, few (about eight on each side of the upper jaw and six on each side of the lower). Snout rounded, very prominent, as long as the distance between the eyes; latter visible; tentacle below and a little behind the nostril, on the lower surface of the snout. Body much elongate, its diameter about sixty times in the total length ; * Bull. Soc. géol. France, (2) iii. 1846, p. 372. + Abh. Ver. Lotos, ii. 1900, p. 47. t I regard Chelydropsis carinata, C. Peters, as based on an older speci- men of the same species. 4% 52 Mr. G. A. Boulenger on 22U circular folds, interrupted dorsally on the anterior half of the body. Tailindistinet, rounded. Blackish; lips yellowish. Total length 600 millim. ; greatest diameter of body 10. A single specimen from the Rio Lita, 3000 feet. Agalychnis calcarifer. Tongue oval, openly emarginate behind. Vomerine teeth in two short oblique series between the choane. Head moderately depressed, as long as broad; snout rounded, not projecting beyond the lower jaw; cantlius rostralis feeble ; loreal region slightly concave ; interorbital space as broad as the upper eyelid; tympanum close to the eye, half its diameter. Fingers nearly entirely webbed, the disks larger than the tympanum; toes rather short, nearly entirely webbed, the disks a little smaller than those of the fingers ; subarticular tubercles very prominent. The tibio-tarsal articulation reaches the tip of the snout. Skin smooth, granuJar on the belly and in front of the vent; a narrow dermal fold along the outer edge of the forearm and tarsus ; a truncate dermal flap above the vent; heel with a large triangular dermal flap. Green above, this colour restricted to a narrow band on the upper surface of the thighs; hands, feet (with the exception of part of the outer digit), arms, sides of thighs, and lower parts bright yellow ; short black bars on the flanks and limbs on the limit between the green and yellow colours. From snout to vent 57 millim. A single female specimen from the Rio Durango, 350 feet. Hylodes subsigillatus. Tongue oval, slightly nicked behind. Vomerine teeth in two very short transverse series behind the choane. Head a little broader than Jong; snout rounded, as long as the diameter of the orbit, with distinct canthus; nostril much nearer the tip of the snout than the eye; loreal region con- cave ; interorbital space as broad as the upper eyelid ; tympa- num distinct, half the diameter of the eye. Fingers moderate, first shorter than second; toes rather short, free; disks large; subarticular tubercles moderately developed; a small metatarsal tubercle. The tibio-tarsal articulation reaches the eye. Skin of upper parts nearly smooth ; belly granular. Brown above, tinged with crimson ; an oblique crimson streak on each side of the upper surface of the head behind the eye, directed towards its fellow behind; a dark streak on the VEE nz: a Lt a br new Batrachians and Reptiles. 53 canthus rostralis and another on the temple; dark streaks radiating from the eye to the lip; oblique dark bands on the flanks; a pink vertebral line; limbs with dark cross-bars ; throat and belly white, reticulate with dark brown; lower surface of limbs dark brown, with white spots. From snout to vent 35 millim. A single female specimen from Salidero, 350 feet. Leptodactylus ventrimaculatus. Tongue oval, slightly nicked behind. Vomerine teeth in two arched series behind the choane. Snout rounded, feebly prominent, as long as the diameter of the orbit ; nostril midway between the eye and the end of the snout; inter- orbital space a little narrower than the upper eyelid ; tympa- num two thirds the diameter of the eye. Fingers moderate, first much longer than second; toes moderate, not fringed ; subarticnlar tubercles: very prominent; a small oval inner metatarsal tubercle. The tibio-tarsal articulation reaches the shoulder or the tympanum. Skin smooth; a glandular fold from the eye to the shoulder, above the tympanum, another on each side of the back. Daik brown above, with small black spots; glandular folds edged with black; upper lip with black vertical bars; limbs with irregular blackish cross-bars; hinder side of thighs black, with white dots; lower parts white, spotted or marbled with brown. From snout to vent 55 millim. Three female specimens from Bultin, 160 feet. Nicoria nasuta. Carapace rather strongly depressed, with a mere trace of a vertebral keel, scarcely emarginate anteriorly. Vertebral shields broader than long, nearly as broad as or broader than the costals; nuchal very small. Plastron large; the width of the bridge equals or exceeds the length of the posterior lobe, which is broadly notched behind; anterior lobe truncate in front. Axillary and inguinal shields present, small. Dorsal shields smooth or slightly rugose. Head moderate ; snout strongly projecting, much more than in N. punctularia; upper jaw not hooked, with a feeble notch; width of the mandible at the symphysis a little less than the horizontal diameter of the orbit. Digits very distinctly webbed. Tail as long as the head in the male. Carapace dark brown above, yellowish beneath; plastral shields yellow, with a large dark brown or black blotch, or black bordered with yellow; head, neck, and limbs dark brown; a yellowish ay Mr, G. A. Boulenger on streak on the cantlius rostralis, another from the eye to the tympanum, a third on each side of the back of the head, from above the posterior border of the orbit to the nape, parallel with the temporal streak, and a fourth on the mandible from below the eye. Length of shell 20 centim. Several specimens from Bultin, 160 feet, and from the Rio Durango, 350 feet. Spherodactylus scapularis. Head twice as long as broad; snout pointed, slightly longer than the distance between the eye and the ear-opening, once and a half the diameter of the orbit ; ear-opening small, oval, oblique. Rostral moderately large, with longitudinal cleft above ; nostril pierced between the rostral, the first labial, and three small nasals; five upper and as many lower labials; symphysial large, truncate posteriorly ; no chin- shields. No spine-like scale above the eye. Upper surfaces covered with small, equal, juxtaposed granular scales ; the scales larger and quite flat on the snout; ventral scales larger, imbricate, smooth. ‘Tail cylindrical, tapering, covered with subimbricate smooth scales, which are larger inferiorly. Brown above; a dark band across the scapular region and a dark rhomboidal spot between the hind limbs ; tail with some rather indistinct dark and light ocellar spots, and two black, jight-edged annuli near its extremity ; lower parts brownish white. millim. Totallengen. vos camara aus ats asco Oe leads. oat cinerea etoioe eis ieee ate 8 ‘Wadth of head’ Beets s-4.te rae 4 BOG ts 3 visas wisn cieeeie eae ope an cera 21 EP ore elim icsAcimiclatere cs theses hee oe eet 9 Hind Timbo es ane fee eee 10 Tail g6 COR PE Ee ei coasters eration tare 30 A single specimen from St. Javier, 60 feet. Allied to &. glaucus, Cope; distinguished by the flatter granules on the snout and the absence of a supraocular spine. Anolis princeps. Head nearly once and two thirds as long as broad, as long as the tibia; forehead concave; no frontal ridges; upper head-scales small, mostly keeled ; supraorbitals and occipital feebly enlarged, the former separated by four or five rows of scales; supraocular scales very small, keeled; canthus ee new Batrachians and Reptiles. 5d rostralis strong and short ; loreal rows nine to eleven; ten to twelve upper labials to below the centre of the eye; ear- opening oval, not much smaller than the eye opening, Body compressed ; no distinct nuchal fold. Gular appendage large in the male, small in the female. Dorsal and lateral scales very small, granular, the former a little larger than the latter and distinctly keeled; ventral scales larger, granular, smooth or indistinctly keeled. ‘The adpressed hind limb reaches between the eye and the nostril ; digital expansions rather feeble ; 20 to 22 lamella under phalanges IT and III of the fourth toe. ‘Tail slightly compressed, without upper ridge, covered with small keeled scales ; its length more than twice that of head and body. Male with a pair of enlarged postanal scales. Olive or bluish grey above, with large dark brown or black spots and bars, and whitish streaks, which are disposed obliquely on the sides and may form a regular net- work over the whole body ; the brown spots form four trans- verse series on the body, broken up by the light lines; the lower spot of the first series in front of the shoulder; a vertebral series of small rhomboidal light spots may be present; dark and light streaks across the supraocular and interorbital regions ; a whitish spot below the eye; brown bars radiating from the eye on the lips and temple ; limbs and tail with regular dark cross-bars ; lower parts whitish. d. Q. millim. millim. Total length. 0.45 068 sca 342 B45 Head xe 5.3%. eA, ares ats 28 28 Widthiomhead ss. 2U2~ aparece mune Wi 1 Body IM. Wace ive low Sele -s 80 82 Bore limbs jy iii. odes cod