THOi^AS LWCOLX
CA3ET

LIBRARY
1923

THE THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA

ESTABLISHED 1915

LA FAYETTE, INDIANA
1916

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES

IN NORTH AMERICA

by

J.^M^ ALDRICH
of the United States Bureau of Entomology

Genitalium disquisitio abomiyiabilis displicet. — A maxim

of Linnaeus, quoted by Fabricius in Illiger's Magazin
fiir Insektenkunde, ii, p. 5, 1803.

La Fayette, Indiana
1916

^'ov 1 6 m

INTRODUCTION

The genus Sarcophaga was established by Mei-
gen in 1826; he described thirty species, but in the
manner of his time did not single out one of these as
type of the genus. Westwood in 1840 designated
or mentioned the Musca carnaria of Linn^us (in-
cluded by Meigen) as the type species. Some ob-
jection to Westwood's designations in general has
been raised by Hopkins, on the ground that he lim-
ited himself to British species. However, the same
designation in Sarcophaga was made twice more
within a few years, by Zetterstedt and Rondani.
Carnaria has been universally accepted as type since
that period.*

Although Meigen in founding the genus gave a
fairly full and accurate account of the genitalia of
the male, these were little studied or entirely ignored
for many years afterward. The numerous European
species were never clearly differentiated until Pan-
delle published his remarkable revision in 1896; in
this he identified 63 species and varieties and recogniz-
ably described them, including the genitalic char-
acters of each. Even then, the lack of illustrations
in his work prevented immediate recognition of the
brilliant success of the method, and it was a decade
before it made an appreciable impression. Since that
time, however, the group has been thoroughly studied
in the same manner by other European dipterists, and
its classification for that fauna is on a far more satis-

♦References for this paragraph:

Meigen, Rystematische Beschreibung europ. Zweifl. lus., vol. v,

14, 1826.
Westwood, Introduction to the Modern Classification of Insects, ii,

Appendix, 140. 1,840.
Hopkins. Proceedings U. S. National Museum, vol. 48, 115, 1914.
Zetterstedt, Diptera Scandinaviae. iv, p. 1281, 184.5.
Rondani, Dipterologiae italicae Prodonius, i, 86, 1856.

6 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

factory basis than that of any other Muscoid group.
Bottcher in particular has given a beautiful con-
densed synopsis of the European species, with dia-
grams of the male genitalia; he made out about 80
species and varieties. Through his efforts and those
of Villeneuve and Kramer, most of the old collections
have been re-examined and the tj^pes of the early
descriptions elucidated.*

In the United States since the beginning of any
indigenous dipterology about 1880 there has been a
virtual blockade in this group, due to the vast num-
ber of unrecognizable old descriptions, of which the
types were scattered in European museums or lost.
On account of this condition, Williston and Coquil-
lett described new species only under some special
stress of circumstances. Dr. Hough, with character-
istic energy, gathered up all the available material in
collections, added to it largely himself, and projected
a revision; but before he had made much progress, in
1903, he decided that his medical practice required his
undivided attention. So he sold his collection, includ-
ing the Sarcophagidfe, to the University of Chicago.
Van der Wulp had in the meantime added a list of
Mexican and Central American forms. The writer's
Catalogue of North American Diptera, published in
1905, shows 106 nominal species of Sarcophaga from
North America, of which it is safe to say that hardly
more than half a dozen were ever recognizably de-
scribed. In the absence of any clear understanding
of the specific characters, this looked like the most
hopeless field imaginable.

The first American worker to attack the group
by the new genitalic method was Dr. Ralph R. Par-
ker; he began in the winter of 1912-13 a study of the
New England representatives. His first paperf con-
tains a thorough and admirable discussion of the

♦References for this paragraph :

Pandelle, Revue entomoloffique, xv, 173-207, 1S97.

Boettcher. Deutsche ent. Zeltschrift. 1912, .52.5-544 and 705-736; and
1913, 1-16, 115-130, 239-2.54, 351-377.
tProceedings Boston See. Nat. Hist., 35, 1-77, S plates, 1914.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 7

morphology, together with full descriptions of the
males of seven species in the genera (or subgenera)
Ravinia and Bottcheria.

At the request of the late F. M. Webster,
then in charge of the section of Cereal and Forage
Insect Investigations of the United States Bureau
of Entomology, the writer undertook, in December,
1913, the project of a revision of the North American
Sarcophagidse. The necessity for this arose from fre-
quent rearings of Sarcophagas as important parasites
of grasshoppers, and the desire to get these parasites
named and classified so that they might be properly
studied.

Limits of the Group.

No distinct limits to the family Sarcophagidse
have appeared in recent literature. On the one hand,
and most commonly, they have been lumped with
Tachinidas ; on the other the family is extended to in-
clude Metopia and Senotainia, which from the bare
or nearly bare arista have been usually included in
Tachinid^e.

In the present work, I have endeavored to in-
clude all Muscoid species which agree in having gen-
eral gray or silvery, tessellated or changeable poUi-
nose coloration, the fourth vein ending considerably
before the apex of the wing and with an almost angu-
lar bend, the parafacials hairy, the arista plumose
above and below for half its length or a little more.
None of the species have discal macrochaet^e on the
abominal segments, hairy eyes, long proboscis, rudi-
mentary palpi, or more than a single pair of discal
scutellar bristles. Species ordinarily considered Tach-
inid are excluded by the bare arista ; most Dexiids by
the greater extent of the plumosity of the arista and
by discal abdominal or scutellar bristles, or combina-
tions of these characters; Muscidre (sens, str.) by the
arista being plumose to the tip, the color often metal-
lic, the abdomen less bristly, the fourth vein often with'
rounded bend, or combinations of these; Calliphora
and Cynomyia, which have an arista like Sarcophaga,

8 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

are sufficiently distinguished by the metalHc abdomen,
although there are other differences.

Among the species included in the present paper,
all have been assigned to Sarcophaga except a few
aberrant forms with arista short-plumose, or with vi-
briss£e high up and approximated, or with a few other
analogous characters. See table of genera for these.
Characters of one sex are not used for ultimate sep-
aration of genera, thougli they are often of much
practical value.

The genus Sarcophaga is undoubtedly a large
and rather homogeneous group, a natural large genus,
as much so as Tabanus, Rhamphomyia, Culex, Bem-
bidium, Formica, etc. Even granting the separation
of some of its components in accordance with the views
of recent writers, there remains a mass of several hun-
dred species, scattered all over the world.

After much consideration, I have decided not to
attempt the separation of the genera B-la^soxipha, Ra-
vinia, and Bottcheria, but to regard them as sub-
genera or merely groups having some common char-
acters.

Blffisoxipha (Loew, Wiener Ent. Monatsch., v,
384, 1861) was established on a single female speci-
men (European) described as grylloctona n. sp. in
the same place. The only character differing from
Sarcophaga as announced at the time was the pres-
ence of a long larvipositor curved downward and for-
ward. The group of species possessing more or less
of this character is very complex and closely related
in Europe as well as in North America; it has not
yet been well worked out in Europe. Species num-
bered from about 52 to 66, of the present paper, and
a few others, are. more or less of this type in the fe-
male ; but the amount of development of the sternites
is often slight, usually so. Figures 61b and 61c show
the extreme form, from which a series might be made
of species showing less and less development of larvi-
positor, down to an ordinary Sarcophaga. Further-
more, the species are so similar in the middle part of

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 9

this series that they can be separated only by the male
genitaha, and probably a dozen of them can scarcely
be separated at all in the female. It would seem like
an over refinement of classification if we could deter-
mine the genus only by the female genitalia, and the
species only by those of the male; still more so as in
this group it is almost impossible to tell which male
goes with which female. We must take the species
as nature makes them, but fortunately nature rarely
makes genera, leaving that usually to the convenience
of the taxonomist. I am not aware of any diagnostic
characters for Bl^esoxipha in the male sex.

Ravinia (Desvoidy, Dipt. Env. Paris, ii, 434,
1863; Parker, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 35, 52,
1914) has for its principal character the course of the
frontal bristles, which diverge anteriorly but little, or
not at all in the females of some species. The type is
hccmatodes of Europe, and the nearest allies in the
present paper are Nos 49, 117-121, 143-145. The
character of the frontal rows is less developed in
males, and there are many species of Sarcophaga out-
side the group which show it; however, with some
other rather minute characters, it marks off a good
subgenus.

Bottcheria (Parker, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist.,
35, 65, 1914) has for its principal character the pres-
ence of a third (middle) series of long bristles on the
outer side of the hind femur; the ventral plates also
do not become successively narrower. Mr. Parker
excluded the females from consideration in his papel*,
hence did not develop the fact that these are male
characters. I do not find any tangible characters
which can be applied to both sexes. The type of the
genus is latisterna, and the other related forms are
cimhicis, hisetosa, taurus, and parheii. The femoral
bristles are variable in cimhicis males. While the five
species are undoubtedly allied, I doubt if the fact is
best expressed by raising them to generic rank.

Helicobia was proposed by Coquillett (Proc.
Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1895, 317) for the species with

10 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

hairy first vein, taking helicis as type. While I have
found no case of inconstancy of this character in the
North American species, such are said to exist in
Europe ; and at the hest this character cuts across the
others which seem to have subgeneric or even group
value, in such a way that it is clearly unavailable for
generic separation in Sarcophaga. This has been rec-
ognized by several dipterists.

A survey of the present status of the Muscoid
Diptera indicates unmistabably that our great need
is not more genera, but a more complete knowledge
of species. The tendency of extreme generic special-
ization is to erect about itself impenetrable barriers of
names, as is well illustrated by Desvoidy and Brauer.
Genera conceived in this mental atmosphere are likely
to be almost wholly subjective creations, which make
no impression on the minds of others. The argument
that the classification must express the relations has
its dangers, partly from the subjective elements in-
volved, and partly from the fact that the classification
has also another important function, — to provide us
with names for our species, which should be as stable
as possible if they are to have any usefulness. Furth-
ermore, to separate a species from the genus in which
it has been located expresses one relation, that of dif-
ference ; but it obscures another, that of resemblance,
which may be more important. One of the main ob-
jects of the present work is to make the identification
of species as simple and certain as possible, and thus
to attract biological and economic workers into the
group. This object would inevitably be defeated by
the erection of a considerable number of indistinctly
separated genera. These are the governing consid-
erations which have prompted the preservation as
nearly as practicable of the old genus Sarcophaga.
Spfcial Taxonomic Characters.

It is assumed that entomologists using the pres-
ent paper will be tolerably familiar with terms used
in describing Diptera; the papers of Parker and
Bottcher, and Williston's widely used Manual of

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 11

North American Dii^tera, seem to render a lengthy
discussion unnecessary here. But a few special terms,
or special limitations of terms, are explained.

Head. — The width of the front is a character of
some importance, though subject to a moderate
amount of variation. The width is expressed in a
decimal, obtained by dividing the number of mi-
crometer units in the narrowest width of the front by
the number in the entire width of the head. Both of
these distances are susceptible of rather exact meas-
urement, hence the decimal is significent at least to
two places, and has regularly been carried to three,
though the variations in different specimens make the
third figure of little importance. Where there were
specimens enough, five males and five females were
regularly measured, and all the separate measure-
ments are given for each sex, as well as their average.

The term hucca is applied in Dr. Hough's sense
(Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1898, 168) to the lat-
eral edge of the mouth cavity, except that I extend
the region up to the lower edge of the eye, including
the narrow and in this part generally very indistinct
transverse impression, which was excluded by Hough.
Thus the height of the bucca can be roughly expressed
as a fraction of the height of the compound eye, al-
though on account of its slanting position it is im-
practicable to measure this relation with any pre-
cision.

On the back of the head, a very distinct suture
extends outward and downward from the central
foramen, marking off the lowest part, which is the
metacephalon; the suture continues as a perceptible
groove or line to the edge of the mouth, cutting off
the back part of the bucca. This line often separates
the black and pale hairs of the bucca, the pale being
behind the metacephalic suture, A careful study of
this detail often aids in distinguishing the females of
species. An even more useful aid for the purpose is
the number of rows of black hairs behind the eye on
the outer part of the back of the head. The meta-

12 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

cephalon is strikingly developed backward in the
genus Sarothromyia (Fig. 7a).

Tlioraoc. — The cha^totaxy is explained, for con-
venience of reference, in connection with figure 146,
in the explanation of the plates.

The expression "3-5 black stripes" means that
there are three principal, distinct stripes, and outside
of these one shorter, less distinct, on each side.

Ahdomcn. — The genitalic characters are ex-
plained in the next section.

Legs. — A male character of some importance is
the frequent presence of a conib on the lower hind side
of the middle femur near its tip ; this consists typically
of a row of short, flattened, blunt bristles, close to-
gether; there may be only five or six bristles of this
character. It diminishes through a series of species
so gradually that it is hard to say where it ceases to
exist. None of the females possess it.

Wings. — At the extreme base of the costa are
found two scales, one so close to the thorax as to be
somewhat difficult to see in many specimens. These
are epaulet undsuh epaulet. The latter, which is the
outer, is easily seen, and is always pale; the former is
usually quite black, but in the Ravinia group it is
reddish-yellow, a minute but seemingly good char-
acter.

The costal segments are numbered, following
Bottcher, so that the first segment is before the hu-
meral crossvein, the sixth and last measures the open-
ing of the first posterior (or apical) cell.

The costal spine, when present, is at the tip of
the auxiliary vein.

The Genitalic Characteks.

One could hardly believe without experience
how easy and how positive the identification of species
becomes in the Sarcophagid^ by the aid of the male
genitalia. The prime object of the present paper is
to impress this fact and open a new field for taxo-
nomic workers. There is no reason why in the course
of a few years there may not be dozens of correctly

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 13

identified local collections of Sarcophagidse in the
United States, and dozens of workers who are compe-
tent to identify material and describe new species.

Since the genitalia have this supreme importance
for taxonomy in this group, it is necessary to describe
their structure before passing to the analytical tables.

The abdomen in Sarcophaga has four main seg-
ments, beyond which in males are two smaller seg-
ments of different appearance, called the hypopyg-
ium, or genital segments; the first of these may be
somewhat retracted into the fourth segment. The
anus is located at the end of the second hypopygial
segment. On the two sides, of the anus or just below
it are attached the forceps, two well chitinized organs
lying side by side and usually curving somewhat for-
ward below; they are generally visible in large part
without special preparation. They do not have lat-
eral motion, hence are not like true forceps. Their
shape is highly characteristic for each sj^ecies, and in
many of them is very striking (compare figures No.
21, 24, 36, 45, 68, 75). They are the hindmost of the
series of organs to be described. Assuming now that
the genitalia have been spread (a process to be de-
scribed a little farther on), the next important part
is the accessory plate, a more or less triangular sclerite
lying just in front of the outer side of the forceps
where the free part joins the segment. It offers
fewer characters than the forceps, but is often pe-
culiarly modified. The typical form is shown in fig-
ures 21, 22 and 23; in Fig. 26 it is developed into a
fingerlike process, and in 27 it is long and large, with
hooks on the posterior side ; compare also 9 and 52.

Next in front of the accessory plates, and lying
nearer the median line, we come to two hooklike or-
gans, the posterior and anterior claspers, well shown
in figure 23. Each of these occurs in various forms,
long and short, straight and curved, as an inspection
of the figures will show.

The forceps, accessory plates and claspers are all
paired organs, but the remaining one is unpaired, — •

14 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

the penis, lying in the middle line in front of the for-
ceps and between the claspers. It is the most complex
organ of all, and is of prime importance. A complete
homology of its various forms would occupy a volmne
and require years of study. It is usually two- jointed,
the basal joint being a simple support. The distal
segment is in most cases fairly well chitinized, and is
essentially a swollen tube bearing various flat plates
and slender processes, a further account of which will
be found in the specific descriptions.

The two segments of the hypopygium are deeply
grooved beneath to receive these organs when they are
in repose. The penis and claspers are supported on
a firm mass of tissue which is attached on each side
well forward, at the front lower corner of the second
segment. This enables the penis and claspers to move
up and down, as a consequence of which they seem
sometimes to be longer in comparison with the for-
ceps than they seem at other times, or in other speci-
mens,— a point to be remembered in comparing speci-
mens with each other or with figures. The penis
bends forward and back freely, and is figured either
way.

On the ventral side of the abdomen, anterior to
the genitalia, is another structure of importance, the
fifth abdominal sternite. It will be apparent on in-
spection that there is at the base of the abdomen a
short sternite before the one that matches the first
visible tergite (indicating that the apparent first ter-
gite is a combination of the first and second) ; count-
ing from this basal sternite, the fifth lies partly con-
cealed within the ends of the (apparent) fourth ter-
gite. It is deeply forked behind in the shape of a V
or U, and often shows characters of specific import-
ance, either brushes of very short spines, or blunt pro-
cesses, sinuosities of outline, etc.

sarcophaga and allies 15

Spreading the Genitalia.

This indispensable operation involves just about
as much effort as spreading the wings of Lepi-
doptera, and like it, may be performed either
upon fresh specimens or upon dried ones that hav^e
been relaxed in a moist chamber. With fresh ma-
terial the custom of the writer is to take a dissecting
needle with a minute hook or right angle at the tip,
hold the specimen under the low power of the binocu-
lar dissecting microscope between the thumb and
finger, and draw the forceps and inner organs as far
back as they will go without tearing the tissues;
stretching the muscles and ligaments in this way a
few times, they do not retract the organs so strongly.
After this is done, lay the pinned fly with its side
against the surface of a piece of cork, by sticking its
pin into the edge of a second piece of cork that has
been attached to the surface of the first. It is then a
simple matter to again draw out the genitalia (under
the binocular) and hold them so by sticking pins into
the cork. Leaving the specimen to dry, a matter of
two or three days, finishes the process.

Dry material will need to be placed in the relax-
ing jar for 24 hours, longer with very old specimens.

Where time cannot be allowed for relaxing, boil
the specimen in water for a minute and proceed ; tlie
wings will be spoiled, but the pollen of the body sur-
face generally comes back to its original appearance
better than when merely warm water is used.

Modifications of the described method will natur-
ally suggest themselves. A binocular microscope is
not indispensable, though it is a very great advantage.
Professor Melander's illuminating apparatus for the
binocular (Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, xxi, 227, 1913)
has been used throughout the present work, and cer-
tainly doubles the usefulness of the microscope.

16 thomas say foundation

Habits.

The species of Sarcophaga range in larval habit
from scavengers to parasites of warm-blooded ani-
mals. Many have been reared from excrement of
manmials, a few from carrion, many from dead in-
sects.

Identifications recently made connect Sarcoph-
aga licBmorrlioidalis with intestinal myiasis in man,
and even suggest that many of the cases may be
caused by this widespread species.

Several species deposit their larva? in the cups or
pitchers of the pitcher plant, Sarracenia, and are not
known to have any other larval habit than to devour
the decomposing insects that occur in the water of
these cups. See discussion of this series under Sar-
cophaga sarraceiiice.

There appears to be a very interesting transition
from the habit of devouring dead insect to parasitism
upon living ones, in regard to which much more study
of a critical nature will be required. Some species
apparently may be called facultative parasites, others
are obligates, being unable to live on dead tissues.
To the latter class seem to belong all those in which
the female possesses a more or less developed larvi-
positor ; but the habit is probably not limited to these
species.

Without exception as far as known, the species
are larviparous. The larvae of several species have
been studied by Nathan Banks, who has given (Bull.
22, Technical Series, Bureau of Entomology) many
figures showing larval structures in this and allied
families, with table for their separation. Almost no
specific characters are known in the larvae, so the
identification can go no further than "Sarcophaga
sp." unless the adult is reared. The minute booklets
on the integument which serve for locomotion com-
pletely encircle the segments in Sarcophaga, which
is the main larval differential character.

SARCOPHAGA AND AIJJES 17

Pantel (La Cellule, xxi, 1 fasc, 105, 1910)
states that the larvae of Sarcophaga which are para-
sitic in Orthoptera do not show any specialization for
this mode of life, and simply lie ainong the tissues of
the host, doing little damage until nearly fullgrown,
and obtaining oxygen from the body fluid of the host.

Several entomologists have noted a peculiar
larvipositing habit in species attacking grasshoppers,
the female fly dashing at the flying host and attach-
ing the sticky larva in midair. Evidently se^'eraI
species of Sarcophaga do this.

Many rearing records are enumerated in the fol-
lowing pages, most of which have been accumulated
within recent years by workers of the Bureau of Ento-
mology; each year sees a large increase in the number
of such records, and it is to be hoped that there will
be an increasing carefulness to eliminate the possi-
bility that the supposed parasite did in fact larviposit
after the death of the host. The general absence of
precaution on this point vitiates a large part of exist-
ing records, except in Orthoptera, which the Sarcoph-
agas parasitize very freely and commonly.

Besides the accumulated records of this paper,
attention is directed to a summary by the writer in
the Journal of Economic Entomologv, viii, 242-216,
1915.

Acknowledgements.

In addition to the National Museum collection
(inclusive of recent additions from the Bureau of En-
tomology) , the writer has described the material in the
University of Chicago (the Hough collection) ; the
American Museum of Natural History; the Univer-
sity of Kansas, and that belonging to many individual
dipterists who are mentioned in the proper places.
Professor Hine's and Mr. A. H. Sturtevant's collec-
tions, and that of Mr. H. S. Harbeck, have been espe-
cially important in containing undescribed species.
Dr. Ralph R. Parker assisted very materially by

18 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

identifying several European species occurring in our
fauna, and by the donation of paratypes of his species.

Summary.

One hundred and forty-five species and varieties,
belonging to sixteen genera, are described in the pres-
ent paper, and the genitalia are figured in 138 cases;
other figures bring the total number on the plates
to 170.

A list of the included species is given in the ex-
planation of the plates. The number assigned to a
species in the text is in every case the same as the
number of the figure or figures illustrating it.

In a large number of the species, the female has
not been described ; and it is possible that some errors
have occurred in identifying females with the wrong
male, as but few pairs collected in copula exist in col-
lections.

Xot only is there much to be done in studying
the females, but there are beyond doubt many spe-
cies yet to be described, especially from tropical and
subtropical regions. Nothing is ever final in tax-
onomy.

Only species seen by the writer are included.
The numerous old names which cannot be elucidated
at present (their types being lost or scattered in Euro-
pean museums) are to be found in the Catalogue of
1905, and are not repeated here. It is impossible to
follow any other course than to ignore them, or else
wait many years with the group in hopeless confusion.
The latter course seems especially undesirable since a
real key to the species has been found in the genitalic
characters.

CLASSIFICATION

Table of Genera of Sarcophagida3*

1. Abdomen wholly shining black; arista long-plu-

mose (tropics).

PJirisso podia Macq.
Abdomen with three rows of shining black spots

on the second, third and fourth segments;

these are sometimes confluent, but at least

the intervening angles are densely pollinose ;

arista pubescent (widespread north)

Wohlfahrtia B and B.
Abdomen pollinose, at most the hinder part of

the segments shining black in certain lights,

tessellated in others 2.

2. Veins 1, 3, and 5 hairy; first posterior cell closed

and short petiolate (tropical).

Johnsonia Coq.
Vein 5 always bare 3.

3. Male with one orbital bristle, proclinate (the

uppermost frontal sometimes simulating an-
other, but reclinate) 4.
Male without orbital 6.

4. Front protuberant; vibrissa? aj)proximated and

high above oral margin (Louisiana)
Camptops n .g.
Front not protu])erant, vibrissa? as usual 5.

o. Metacephalon greatly developed, hence the
lower edge of head remarkably long, pro-
duced backward (tropical)

Sarothromijia B. and B.
Metacephalon not greatly developed (tropical)

Sarcophagula V. d. W.

*Note. — In order to utilize the most salient differences, tlie table is
based to some degree on male cliuracters. altlion.ub it is believed that all
the genera are recognizable in the female sex. f)u]y genera studied by the
writer are included, but notes on others supposed to 1)0 .illicd are given
at the end.

20 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

6. Arista short-plumose 7.
Arista loiig-pluiiiose 10.

7. Parafacial witli a single maerochaeta below, pro-

clinate (Louisiana, Texas)

Camptopyga n. g.
Parafacial with a row of hairs. 8.

8. No costal sj^ine (widespread north)

A grid Desvoidy.
Costal spine strongly developed 9.

9. Back of head with only black hair; anterior

acrostichals very large (northeastern)
Harhcckia n. g.
Back of head with some pale hair; no ant acr
(widespread) Hypopdta n. g.

10. Two large posterior dorsocentrals, two equally
large anterior ones (tropical)

Notochccta n. sp.
Generally three or four ps dc, if only two tlie
anterior ones are much reduced 11.

n. Vibrissa? approximated and high above the oral
margin (the distance equaling the length of
the second antennal joint) (widespread)
Emblem asoma n. g.
Vibrissa? normal, or if somewhat approximated
they are not strikingly removed from the
oral margin 12.

12. Parafacials quite bare; first vein hairy (Louis-

iana) Stheuopijgd n. g.

Parafacials with hairs, sometimes delicate. 13.

13. Ocellars absent; frontal rows not noticeably di-

vergent below, reaching base of antennae
(tropical) Harpagopj/ga n. g.

Ocellars present ; if absent, the frontal rows are
abruptly divergent below and reach al)out
to the middle of second antennal joint 14.

14. Fifth sternite of male undivided; epaulet yel-

low; back of head with only black hair
(northeastern) Thclodiscus n. g.
Fifth sternite of male deeply divided (wide-
spread) Sarcophaga Meig.

sakcophaga and allies 21

Notes ox Other Genera

Microchatina Van der Wulp, Biologia, Dipt., ii.
24-0, 1891, is a Dexiid, as stated by the describer.
Braiier and von Bergenstamm placed it with their
Sarcophagida?, and their arrangement was followed
by the w^riter in his 190.5 Catalogue. Adams, however,
in Williston's Manual, 1908, properly replaced the
genus in Dexiida?.

ParamiutJio Van der Wulp (ibid., 20.5) is also a
Dexiid, from its very small antenuce, and discal ma-
crochastse on segments 2-4 of the abdomen.

Qnesia Desv. This European genus w^as reported
from Mexico City by Van der Wulp (O. lucilioides ,
ibid., 288, pi. vii, f. 11). The genus is close to Cyn-
omyia, and from its bright metallic green coloration
is readily distinguished from the group treated in the
present paper.

Hesperomijia Brauer und von Bergenstamm,
Zweifl, Kais. Mus., iv, 114, 1889; v, 359, 1891 ; vi, 102,
1893. One species, crythrocera, from Texas (ibid.).
The genus is allied to Senotainia, but has the first
posterior cell closed and ])etiolate; it does not come
within the scoj^e of the present paper. The arista is
almost bare.

Erythraiulra Brauer und von Bergenstamm,
ibid., V, 308, 1891; vi, 105, 1893; one species, picipcs,
from Georgia, U. S. A. The principal characters
given are as follows: Parafacials with only very deli-
cate hairs ; arista pubescent, or at base short-plumose :
no costal spine; first posterior cell open; male without
orbitals; third antennal joint 2-2% times the second;
bucca wide; front of male very narrow; vibrisstT a
little approximated. From the data given, I am un-
able to distinguish the species, but it would proba])ly
fall within the genus Sarcophaga as here accepted.

22 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Genus PHRISSOPODIA Macq.

Macquart, Nist. Nat. Dipt., ii, 2.22, 1835. Type designated

as Peckia imperwlis Desvoidy, which is stated to be

without doubt the same as Sarcophaga praeceps Wied.

Macquart, Dipteres Exotiques, ii, pt. iii, 253 (sep. 96),

spelled Phrissopoda and Phryssopoda.
Bauer und von Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Mus. iv, 1889
Phrissopoda) ; vi, 163, 1893 (id.).

This genus has by several writers been regarded
as a s^monym of Peckia Desvoidy ( M^^odaires, 1830,
335). The latter contained five species, no type be-
ing designated; only one (imperialis) had the shining-
black abdomen, the others apparently not differing
from Sarcophaga as taken in the present work. INIac-
quart was entirely within his rights in isolating im-
perialis in a new genus, and the only defect in his pro-
cedure as viewed by the most critical modern w as that
he failed to designate a type for Peckia from among
the four species remaining in it. But it was not the
fashion in those days for an entomologist to designate
a type for another man's genus, if indeed he did so
for his own. Macquart's genus Phrissopodia was a
valid genus at the time ; it contained besides imperialis
( = praeceps) one other species evidently congeneric
in the modern sense, also with a shining black abdo-
men.

Brauer and Bergenstamm in 1889 gave a rather
full description of praeceps Wied., apparently from
the types.

Generic characters: Very large, robust species,
with shining black abdomen and the male having on
the middle and hind legs very abundant, bushy vil-
losity, both on femora and tibiae.

Head as in Sarcophaga; front narrowed in male,
without ocellars or orbitals (B. B. however mention
two pairs of vestigial orbitals in the male) ; third an-
tennal joint more than three times the second in the
male, nearly three times in female; epistoma some-
what produced forward and downward in the male,
where the vibrissas are a little above the oral magrin;
facialia hairy halfway up.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 23

Thoracic chastotaxy (from specimen) ; ps dc only
two pairs, far back; ant dc 0; ant acr 0; prsc 1 me-
dimii; hum 3 (one is small) ; phum 1 or 2 small; prs 1 ;
npl 2 large ; sa 2 ; inta 1 ; pa 2 ; stpl 2 with some large
hairs; scutelliim w^th 2 marginal and a stout, some-
what smaller pair of decussate apicals, no discal or
subapical.

Abdomen shining black; hypopygium large, of
similar type to Sarcophagas (to the tropical group
without ocellars, including Mllifera, etc. ) .

No. 1. Phrissopodia praeceps Wied.

Wiedemann, Auss. Zweifl. Ins., ii, 355, 1830 {Sarcoph-

aga) .■ — Cuba.
Desvoidy, Myodaires, 335, 1830 {Peckia iiiipcrialis). —

Cuba [Macq.]
Macquart, Hist. Nat. Dipt., ii, 22^, desc. and probable syn. ,

Dipt. Exot., ii, pt. 3, 252, note.
Walker, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., n. ser., v. 310 {Sarcopli-

aga fortipes). — Hayti. [G.-T.]
Brauer und von Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Mus., iv, 125,

1889; vi, 163, 1893, type redesc. — Cuba and Chile.
Williston, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, xiii, 307, 1886, oc. in

San Domingo {Peckia).
Giglio-Tos, Ditt. del Mess., iii, 67, 1894, syn. and oc. —

Mexico.
Williston, Manual of N. A. Dipt., 1908, 350, half-tone

illustration {Peckia).
[F, H. Snow, Kans. Univ. Sci. Bull., ii, 345, 1904, re-
ported the species from Arizona, but on examining
his material I found it to be Trixodes obesa Coq.]
Male. Front .200 of head; parafrontals and
parafacials white pollinose, not very glistening, tlie
latter with an irregular row of fine but long hairs be-
low near the eye; frontal stripe blackish, the anterior
end twice as wide as near the ocelli; frontal bristles
about 13, the lowest three pairs abruptly diverging,
and reaching almost to the middle of the second anten-
nal joint; antemite blackish-brown, third joint slen-
der, reaching five-sixths of the way to the vibrissa' ;
arista with rather erect and long plumosity for three-
fourths its length; palpi and proboscis black, ordin-

24 THOMAS SAY FOUXDATION

ary; biicca one-half the eyeheight, with long, soft,
mostly pale hairs; back of head with two or three ir-
regular rows of black hairs, the i-est pale, abundant
and conspicuous ; outer vertical wanting.

Thorax brownish-black, with 4-6 gray pollinose
stripes, of which the subniedian pair are divided be-
yond the suture; scutellum uniform brownish-black,
convex ; dorsum with fine erect black hair, longer on
the humeri, mesopleura, sternopleura, postalar callosi-
ties, and sides of scutellum ; calypters dark brown.

Abdomen shining black; first and second seg-
ments with only lateral bristles; third with a stout
median marginal pair ; fourth with a strong, irregular
marginal row of some 20; fifth sternite blackish, ex-
cised U-shape, the arms with some inconspicuous black
hairs but not much exposed.

Hypopygium large ; first segment shining black,
with fine erect hair and no bristles; second segment
dark red, the sides brownish, hair erect and soft, no
bristles ; forceps long, slender, straight, shining black,
the sharp tips curving gently forward; from behind
they are well separated, slender, parallel. Accessory
plate shining black, prominent and rather slender,
with almost sharp tip, the hind edge thin and notched
near tip; posterior clasper shining black, erect, long,
gently curved, with small but distinct apical hook;
anterior clasper robust, red at base but shining black
apically, strongly curved forward, the tip obliquely
truncate to a second shorter point below. Penis red,
the division between the basal and distal segments not
very distinct; the back plate is deeply cleft at apex
into two side plates, which have a minute tooth at
tip and a long, curved one forming the anterior apical
angle ; below this, on the front of the segment, are two
lobes bearing pale hair, and between them is visible
the blunt tip of a chitinous organ.

Legs black ; anterior tibice without bristles except
at tip, and on its front side for nearly the whole length
with a delicate brush of reddish hairs; middle tibia
longer than its femur and a little curved, with one

SARCOPHAGA AND AIJ.IES 25

bristle on the outer front side, tlie villosity extends
upon the basitarsus ; hind tibia with only two bristles
before the tip ; hind femur and tibia botli swollen and
curved away from each other in the middle ; claws and
pulvilli all long.

Wings brownish-gray, the base strongly black-
ened; no costal spine; third costal segment twice the
fifth and sixth together; fifth hardly twice the sixth;
first vein bare, third with a few hairs ; fourth vein bent
in an acute angle, barely appendiculate.

Length 22 mm.

One male, Santiago, Cuba, Oct. 2.5, 1903 (Capt.
W. Kobinson), in the National Museum.

Brauer and von Bergenstamm state that in the
female the arista is short-plumose, and for only half
its length; as they have added Chile to the type local-
ity, I suspect that they have the wrong female, from
tliat country.

Type. — In the Imperial Museum, Vienna.

Genus WOHLFAHRTIA B. and B.

Brauer und von Bergenstamm, Zweitl. Kais. Mus., iv, 123.
1889; vi, 165, 1893; Verhandl. Zool.-Bot. Ges., xliii,
1893, 501.
Portschinsky, Hor?e Ent. Soc. Ross., ix, 1-180, 1875, 3 pi.
and figs. (Sarcophlia), biology of magnifica, the type
species, etc.; ibid., xviii, 1884, 1-69, many figs., mono-
graph on the same, 1884. All in Russian.
Osten wSacken, Berl. Ent. Zeitsch., xxxi. 1887, 17, resume
of Portschinsky's papers .in English; p. t8, habits of
magnifica.
Coquillett, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, iii, 105, 1895 {Para-
phyto) ; Rev. Tachin., 1897, 122 (id.). [Johnson.
Psyche, xix, 103, 1912.]
This genus was separated from Sarcophila by its
authors on characters which seemed very slight except
as to the arista, which M\as said to be pubescent in
Wohlfahrtia, short-pilose in Sarcophila. I doubted
the validity of the genus until quite recently (and
hence referred opaca to Sarcophila in Ent. News,
xxiv, 215, 1913) ; Mr. Coquillett in 1910 (Type Spe-

26 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

cies, Proc. U. S. N. M., 620) held the same opinion.
After examining a pair of the European Sarcophila
latifrons in Professor Melander's collection, I see that
Wohlf ahrtia is very distinct from that genus, in which
the bucca is narrow, the front not protuberant, and
the head of entirely different shape, not to speak of
other differences.

Brauer and von Bergenstamm included two spe-
cies in the genus, Sarcophila magnifica and meigenii
of Schiner; in the third paper mentioned above, they
named the former as type. In the generic descrip-
tion, they attribute two pairs of orbital bristles to the
male in both species; in one male of magnifica in the
Hough collection there is only a single orbital pair,
and in two males of meigenii (all these are European,
presumably named by Strobl) there are none, as in
our IS^orth American species. As Professor Bezzi has
pronounced one of our species identical with meigenii,
it is evident that an error was made in the original
generic description.

Generic characters: Front and epistoma pro-
duced, giving the head a rather square outline in pro-
file; front wide in both sexes, but more so in the fe-
male; third antennal joint not much longer than the
second (except in the European W. mamma) ; arista
pubescent; bucca high; parafacial with a few small
hairs not in rows; ocellars and outer verticals ])resent
in both sexes ; back of head with only black hairs.

Thoracic chaetotaxy {magnifica, from specimen
in the Hough collection) : ps dc 4; ant dc 3-4; ant acr
about 4 pairs present; post acr 2 pairs large in male,
one in female ; hum 3 ; posthum 2 ; prs 1 and an inner
very small; stpl 2 and a small below the front one;
scutellum with 4 marginals, the fourth pair close to-
gether, no small apicals between them; subapicals, 2
rather large on one side and one on the other in the
specimen; pa 2; sa 2.

Abdomen densely, uniformly pollinose, w^ith per-
manent black shining or subshining spots in three
longitudinal rows.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 2/

Wing as in Sarcophaga; third vein hairy; third
costal segment longer tlian fifth and sixth together.

Hypopyginm inconspicuous, turned under the
abdomen.

The type species is in habit, according to Ostcn
Sacken, the European analogue of our North Amer-
ican Screw- Worm Fly, Chri/somijia macellaria F., its
larva frequently getting into the sores of animals and
not rarely attacking man, in Eastern Europe.

Table of Species. — Males.
W^estern species, the abdomen mostly pollinose,
its black spots small

No. 2. meigenii Schiner.
Eastern species, the black spots large and con-
fluent, the pollinose part not very conspicu-
ous No. 3. vigil Walk.
Several other species assigned to Paraphyto by
Coquillett do not belong to Wohlf ahrtia ; the types
appeared to the writer to belong to Dexiid genera,
hence are not further considered here. But the type
of Paraphyto undoubtedly belongs to Wohlf ahrtia.

No. 2. Wohlf ahrtia meigenii Schiner.

Schiner, Fauna Austriaca, Dipt., i, 567 (Sarcophila). — ■
Europe.

Meigen, Syst. Beschr., v, 17, pi. xHii, f. Q, female (as Sar-
cophaga rnralis Fall.). [Schiner.]

Portschinsky, Horas Soc. Ent. Ross., xviii, pi. ii (Sar-
cophila).

Megnin, ibid., xv, v {Sarcophila ruralis).

Brauer und von Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Mus.. iv,
123 ; vi, 165.

Villeneuve, Bull. Soc. Ent. France, 1900, 363 (ruralis).

Coquillett, Revis. Tachin., 1897, 122 {Paraphyto opaca).- —
Colo, and New Mexico.
■ Johnson, Psyche, xix, 103, 1912, notes; probable syn. of
opaca. — Colorado and Utah.

F. H. Snow, Kans. Univ. Sci. Bull., ii, 344, oc. in Arizona
{Paraphyto opaca).

Aldrich, Ent. News, xxiv, 215, oc. on flowers at Brighani.
Utah {Sarcophila opaca).

28 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

The synonymy of Parapliyto opaca rests upon
tlie authority of Professor Mario Bezzi, of Turin,
Italy, to whom North American specimens were sent
by the writer; he reported them to be identical with
Wohlfahrtia meigenii (letter, June, 191.5).

Male. Front .330 of head (average of five, —
.319, .321, .326, .337, .349); parafrontals and para-
facials broad, silvery pollinose, glistening; frontal
stripe broad, its upper part glistening and hardly dis-
tinguishable from the paraf rontal ; frontal bristles not
diverging below, reaching the base of the second an-
tennal joint; transverse impression and middle of face
reddish ; antenuc^ red, third joint blackish apically, not
much longer than the second, and reaching more than
two-thirds of the way to the vibrissas, which are at the
oral margin; palpi yellow; bucca about four-fifths
the eyeheight.

Thorax with thin gray pollen and three ill-de-
fined black stripes; chaetotaxy as in magnifwa (see
generic description) except in the following points:
ps dc 3, but room for another behind the suture ; 1 pair
prsc ; prs 1 ; posthum 1 or 2 ; sc with 1 pair subapical,
which as in viagnifica might be considered discal.

Abdomen with three rows of shining black spots
on densely pollinose ground; the pollen extends only
to the edge, leaving the venter shining; first and sec-
ond segments with only lateral bristles; third and
fourth with an interrupted marginal row; fifth ster-
nite not divided, yellow, at the middle of the hind edge
a slight protuberance.

Hypopygium black; first segment pollinose at
base, shining at apex, with a row of bristles near base ;
second segment shining, globose, not bristly. Forceps
black, nearly straight in profile ; from behind they are
well separated but not divergent; accessory plate
blackish, elongated, with a wide, bare, rounded free
end farther forward than usual, beside the penis:
posterior clasper yellow, very short and low, bent back
but the tip curved forward, ordinarily quite invisible ;
anterior clasper yellow, erect and curved forward, the

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 29

blunt tips ordinarily lying between the arms of the
penis like a part of that organ; the elaspers and penis
seem to coalesee at base, and all lie deep in the groove
of the under side of the hypopygium. Penis with but
one segment, yellow, simple, much like that of Sar-
cophaga coinmunis; it has a pair of conspicuous
straight black anterior plates.

Legs black, middle femur with comb; middle
tibia with two bristles on the outer front side, and
with long villosity in the inner, which is strikingly long
at the Axry tip; hind tibia also with villosity, but not
so long at the tip ; both of these tibias are curved, and
the hind femur is thickened and curved.

Female. Front .413 of head (average of three,
■ — ^.405, .412, .421) ; Genital segment brown and shin
ing above, the orifice transverse. Femora and tibiae
simple, but the hind femora are a little curved.

Length IY2 to 14 mm.

Five males and three females: four males and
three females were taken at Moscow, Idaho, by the
writer, some on flowers of goldenrod and parsnips, at
dates from June 24 to Sept. 4. The other male is
from Koehler, New Mexico (W. R. Walton).

Coquillett's type of Parapliyto opaca is in the
National Museum, and was examined by the write]-.

Type. — In the Imperial Museum, Vienna.

No. 3. Wohlfahrtia vigil Walk.

Walker, List of Dipterous Insects in the British Museum,

iv, 831 (Sarcophaga). — Nova Scotia.
Coquillett, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, iii, 105 (Parapliyto
chitten'deni) ; Revis. Tachin., 122 (id.).- — N. Y. ;
Michigan.
^ly attention was called to Walker's Sarcophaga
vigil by C. W. Johnson, who had identified it; as I
had just been studying the type of Paraph yio chit-
tendeni, it was easy to detect the synonymy. Walker's
description applies ^ery well, and tlie species is so
unique in coloration as to leave little doubt of its cor-
rect identification.

30 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

It differs from meigenii in practically nothing
but the more broadly expanded shining black spots ol'
the abdomen, which coalesce wholly or partly. The
figure shows the extreme of coalescence, but even the
minimum that I have seen looks very different from
the western form. One male has the fourth abdominal
segment and hypopygium mostly red. The number
of ps dc evidently varies from three to four, but the
fourth (just behind the suture) is small if present.
The front measures in the males .333, .350, and .353
of the head (average .345, slightly more than in mei-
genii), and in the females .417 and .424 (average
.420).

Three males and two females : two males and one
female are from Ludlo\^^^ille, Xew York, in the Car-
negie Museum; one male and one female Rochester
Junction, N. Y., collected by ]M. D. Leonard.

Type. — Male, in British INIuseum.

Vigil antedates meigenii by thirteen years (1849,
1862), and would replace the latter if it were ever
shown that they are one species. The distinct geo-
graphical boundaries, and the apparent absence of the
vigil form in Europe, added to the obvious color char-
acters, seem to assure the distinctness of the species.

Genus JOHNSONIA Coq.

Coquillett, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences Phil , 1895, 316, fe-
male.
Head rather rounded, front broad in both sexes,
with one proclinate orbital bristle in each; frontals
only four or five, strong and somewhat reclinate, the
rows not diverging below and reaching hardly to the
base of the antenuct; ocellars minute; frontal stripe
narrow, especially anteriorly; antenna of ordinary
size, third joint about twice the second, arista as usual
in Sarcophaga, long-plumose for more than half its
length; bucca narrow, a long turned-down bristle di-
rectly below the eye near its lower edge; palpi nor-
mal, proboscis short, eyes bare.

SARCOPHAGA AND AI>IJES 31

Thorax with long bristles and short, sparse hair,
ps dc 3 large; ant dc 2 or 3, the hindmost large; ant
acr are merely hairs, but somewhat noticeable from
the absence of other hairs ; prsc 1 small or none ; pa 2 ;
sa 2 ; inta 2 ; prs 1 large ; npl 3 ; stpl 3 ; scutellum with
two large marginals in both sexes, no apicals nor sub-
apicals.

Wings with first, third and fifth veins hairy;
costal spine small; third costal segment hardly half
the fifth ; first posterior cell closed and short petiolate,
the petiole ending not very far before the tip of the
wing.

Type. — Johnsonia elcgans Coquillett, the only

Table of Species. — Males.

Abdomen and legs reddish-yellow, bristles mod
erately long (Florida, Mexico)

No. 4. elegans Coq.

Abdomen and legs black, bristles exceedingly
long (Peru) No. 5. setosa n. sp.

No. 4. Johnsonia elegans Coq.

Coquillett, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1895, 316, female.
St. Augustine, Fla.

Male. Front .311 of head at extreme vertex,
where it is narrowest; at the middle of the front it is
subparallel for some distance, and measures .355 of
head; parafrontals and parafacials silvery pollinose,
wide apart at the oral margin; palpi yellowish brown;
antennte red, third joint blackish on apical half, reach-
ing four-fifths of the way to the vibrissje, which are
wqde apart at the oral margin; palpi yellowish brown;
bucca one-sixth the eyeheight, the downward-curving
bristle at its middle apparently not well developed
in the specimen ; ])ack of liead with three widely sep-
arated rows of coarse black hairs and only one inner
row of pale ones ; outer vertical absent.

Tliorax black in ground color, witli gray pollen,
on which are two broad, indefinite bro^vn stripes; no
prescutellars.

32 THOMAS SAY TOUXDATION

Abdomen in bad condition in the specimen; tlie
ground color is brown, with thin gray pollen in part,
much of the dorsal surface shining; first segment with
only lateral bristles ; second with a stout, erect median
marginal pair; third and fourth with a marginal ro^v,
the latter except the base yellow.

Hypopygium small, yellow ; first segment appar-
ently with one or two pairs of bristles; forceps dark
brown, short and nearly straight, rapidly tapering;
from behind they are not divergent; accessory plates
yellow, triangular, the free angle somewhat drawn
out; claspers brown, long, slender and strikingly
curved forward, but not apically hooked, the hind one
with a long hair; penis small, with a distinct, yellow
basal segment; distal segment brownisli-yello^v%
widening backward and bearing at apex on each side
two black plates, one behind the other, the front one
like a stout claw.

Legs brown, middle femur without comb, middle
tibia with two bristles on outer front side, hind tibia
not villous; tarsi black, all claws moderately elon-
gated.

Female. Front .336 of head at vertex, which is
the narrowest part, orbital as in the male ; ocellar small
but distinct; no outer vertical; palpi yellow: bucca
one-fifth the eyeheight, with a distinct bristle directed
downward on its middle. Abdomen shining reddish-
yellow, a little pollinose near base; genital segments
retracted, yellow, without noticeable characters. Fe-
mora and tibiie concolorous with abdomen.

Length 4^'2 mm.

One male, one female; the former is from Tam-
pico, Mexico, Oct. 29, 1894, labeled "6448-.57 Town-
send. Par: on Siiccinia hrcvis on orange"; in the
National Museum Collection. The female is from St.
Augustine, Fla., collected by C. W. Johnson, and
loaned by him for study. There are other specimens
in the Xational jNIuseum, seen but not studied by the
writer.

SARCOPHx\GA AXl) ALLIES 33

The described male is a little darker in color than
the female, and had not the latter been a^ ailable for
comparison I would have hesitated to identify it as
this species.

Type.— Female, in the U. S. X. M.

No. 5. Johnsonia setosa n. sp.

Male. Front .319 of head (average of two,^ —
.317 and .321); strikingly similar in all structural
characters to elcgans, but decidedly black throughout,
with only the following parts yellow: tip of second
antennal joint and basal half of the third; apical half
or more of the fourth abdominal segment; and parts
of the hypopygium and genitalia.

In the cha^totaxy there are a few slight differ-
ences. The back of the head has four irregular rows
of black hairs ; the prescutellars are distinct but small ;
the second abdominal segment has a fairly complete
marginal row of bristles, the median pair, however,
are the largest.

The abdomen, besides being quite black in ground
color is in some lights completely pollinose and hardly
tessellated ; in other lights, however, it is largely shin-
ing.

Both segments of the hypopygium are infuscated
above, but red on the sides; the forceps and claspers
seem exactly as in elegans, the penis apparently dif-
fering a little apically. But the genitalia of one speci-
men have been destroyed, and those of the other are
not in good condition for exact study.

Length 51/. mm.

Two males from Peru, collected by H. A. Par-
ish, in the author's collection.

Holotype.— Male, Xo. 20486, U. S. N. M.;
paratype in author's collection.

34 THOMAS SAY FOUXDATIOX

CAMPTOPS Nev/ Genus.
{Ka/jLTrTos, curved; 6\pLS,face)

Front broad in both sexes and with a single orb-
ital in both, which is proclinate; frontals descending
only to base of antenmt ; vibrissa? much above edge of
mouth and much approximated to each other, narrow-
ing the clypeus (of Brauer) ; the suture runs close to
the facialia down to the level of the vibrissa, where it
disappears ; paraf acials with scattered minute hairs in
female, in male they are barely discernible; antenna?
three-fourths the face, third joint twice the second,
arista with very short penultimate joint, the last or
main one thickened at base, of ordinary length,
with rather thick and long plumosity for two-thirds
its length; bucca almost half the eye; palpi normal;
proboscis small, short.

Thorax with the following chaefotaxy: dc 3 be-
hind, 2 before; 2 hum; 1 intrahum; 1 presutural; 2
npl; 2 stpl; 1 intraal; 2. postal; 3 supraal; 4 hypopl;
no ant acr; prescut small; scutellum with 3 marginal
large pairs, the basal of these on the upper surface,
the others quite equally spaced around the apex, and
the middle pair might be called apical, as there are no
small ones between them.

Abdomen in male Avith large erect median mar-
ginal pair of bristles on first segment, absent in fe-
male; second segment with median marginal pair,
third and fourth Avith marginal roAv ; no discals ; hypo-
pygium of Sarcophagid type.

Wing like Sarcophaga; third vein Avith only a
few hairs at base, first bare ; fourth segment bent at a
right angle, not appendiculate, ending not xeYv far
before the apex (half the fifth costal segment).

Type. — CamiJtops unicoJor n. sp.

No. 6. Camptops unicolor n. sp.

Male. Front .33 of head, a little oxer one-third
of this occupied by the red stripe; paraf rontals and
paraf acials whitish pollinose, inclining to sihery; fa-

SxVRCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 35

cial impression red, which color spreads hroadly up
and down and runs behind the eye ; antenna^ and palpi
red, the latter rather small; back 61" head bulging,
with two principal rows of black hair and very scanty
pale beard ; lateral verticals barely a little larger than
adjacent hairs.

Thorax and abdomen uniform smooth gray polli-
nose with a tinge of yellowish ; mesonotum with three
brown pollinose stripes, the central one more slender.

Hypopygium small, yellow, opaque like a})do-
men ; first segment with a few hairs, two of which have
the size of small bristles; second segment with a few
hairs ; forceps brown, straight, rather evenly and rap-
idly tapering, on the back pollinose and with recum-
bent hair, at tip slightly hooked, accessory plate yel-
low, small, slightly elongated; posterior clasper yel-
low, slender and strongly curved toward tip and with
some long hairs on the front side; anterior clasper
shorter and stouter but thin in profile, not hooked,
yellow ; penis with short and indistinct basal segment,
the distal one large, globose and complicated. In the
side view there are two chitinous processes extending
forward in a membrane which is the outer wall of a
swollen, whitish, half-transparent body, which ex-
tends forward into a second swollen mass, evidently
of soft texture; on the posterior side or the back of
the segment is a complex plate of chitin, attached at
its hind corners to the more distal of the two pro-
cesses, and in its middle behind giving way to a con-
cavity filled with white membrane ; fifth sternite great-
ly retracted, invisible.

Legs yellow, pollinose, the tarsi distinctly black-
ened from the base; bristles of all femora sparse;
middle ones not with combs; middle tibia? with two
or three small bristles on outer front side; hind tibia?
on inner side with just a few long, erect villous hairs,
behind with two long, divergent bristles at the mid-
dle, and below these one on the outer front side.

Wing with yellowish veins; no costal spine: third

36 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

costal segment half the fifth; hind crossvein quite
straight.

Female. Front .38 of head; lateral vertical
small ; thoracic chaetotaxy as in male, including scutel-
lum. General color as in male, but pollen less dense,
the abdomen somewhat mottled above; front femora
in some cases rather gray or dark in ground color.

Length of male 7 mm ; of female 8 mm.

Six males, ten females, Opelousas, La., Marcli
and April, 1897, in the Hough collection. They bore
the label "Sarcojjhilodes nigrocaudaia Bigot," in Dr.
Hough's handwriting. The evident intention was to
identify them as Bigot's Mcgerlca rufocaudaia, re-
ferred by Coquillett w^ith a doubt to this genus.
Brauer after that time ( SitzAingsber. Kais. Akad.,
cvii, 22) published some notes on the type, which is
from Mt. Hood, Ore., and indicated that it nmst be
quite different from the present species.

Holotype and Allotype. — In the Hough collec-
tio. Paratypes in U. S. N. M., male and female, Xo.
20,487.

Genus SAROTHROMYIA B. and B.

Brauer unci von Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. jVIus., v, 365,
1 89 1, and vi, 160, 1893.
Head of very peculiar shape, the lower edge
very long and straight, the metacephalon built out
liehind in a lobe partly separated by a groove. Front
wide in both sexes, with one orbital in the male, two
in the female, the reclinate uppermost frontal in line
with tliem and simulating another orbital, and four
or five other frontals, wliicli hardly extend below the
base of antenme; ocellars strong. Parafacials wide,
with scattered minute hairs, those along the facial
impression in a delicate row. Outer vertical present
in both sexes. Front protuberant at base of antenmT.
Antennas as in Sarcophaga, the plumosity of the arista
not quite so long. Thoracic cha?totoxy exactly as in
Sarcopliagula occidua, except that there is a small
third stpl, and the second marginal scutellar pair arc

SARCOPHAGA AXI) AIJJES 37

longer and closer together, might be considered api-
cal. Venation as in Sarcophagula, but the hind cross-
vein a little beyond the middle between the front one
and the bend of the fourtli vein.

Type.- — Sarcopliila femoralis Schiner, the only
species mentioned by Brauer imd von Bergenstamm.

No. 7. Sarothromyia femoralis Schiner.

Schiner, Novara Reise, 315, 1868, female (Sarcopliila). — -

Brazil.
Brauer und von Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Miis., v, 365,

1891, types and male; vi, 160, 1893, same.
Johnson, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1895, 335, oc. at Lake
Worth, Fla. ; Psyche, xv, 1908, 76, oc. in Brahamas,
Jamaica, and Florida ; Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.,
xxxii, 75, oc. at Lake Worth, Miami, and St. Augus-
tine, Fla.
Male. Front .352 of head (average of two, —
.344 and 359) ; head cinereous pollinose, not silvery;
antenna black, third joint twice the second and reach-
ing foiu'-fifths of the way to the A'ilirissje, which are
very stout, slightly approximated, and almost at oral
margin; palpi long, somewhat clavate; proboscis
black, rather short, with small labella; bucca one-
fourth the eyeheight; back of head with several rows
of black hairs, none pale except a few below the neck.
Thorax with dense, rather uniform pollen of
whitish-gray color, the stripes indistinct even when
viewed from behind, bristles large.

Abdomen concolorous, with black median stripe
and a changeable one each side; second segment with
long, appressed black hairs on hind edge; third with
row of 8 bristles mixed with a few of the same hairs ;
fourth with row of about 16.

Hypopygium black, gray pollinose, strikingly
similar to that of Sarcopliagula occidua. First seg-
ment with row of four small bristles before hind
margin; second with two large and several small
bristles; forceps black, slender and tapering, straight;
accessory plate very large, suddenly narrowing to a
distal prolongation which is wider, shorter, and more

38 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

bent forward than in occidua; claspers as in that spe-
cies ; penis with the tubular central part more swollen
and shorter, and the terminal process much larger.
Fifth sternite only showing on the middle, apparent-
ly undivided, with black short brush.

Legs black, femora rather stout; middle femora
without combs, middle tibia with an irregular row of
bristles on outer front side, one of which is large;
hind tibiae without villosity. Front tibiae and tarsi
with peculiar erect hairs forming a fringe on the
upper and outer side, the tarsi a little swollen and the
segments somewhat shortened, the claws and pulvilli
shorter than in the other tarsi.

Wing hyaline; veins yellow toward base, third
with hairs almost to small crossvein; a small costal
spine; third costal segment half as long as fifth.

Female. Front .369 of head ( average of two, —
.361 and .376). Genital segment black, retracted.
Front tarsi normal.

Length, 5 to 6 imn.

Two males, two females, Nassau, Bahamas, Dec.
11 and 14, 1912 (F. Knab), from the National Mu-
seum.

Type. — In the Imperial Museum, Vienna.

The females appear to be indistinguishable from
those of the following variety; they are merely asso-
ciated from being collected together. As Schiner
described only females originally, the identification
depends on Brauer and von Bergenstamm, who de-
scribed the fringes of the male front tarsi. Schiner's
description of the pollen as yellowish in color would
make the identification very doubtful if Brauer and
von Bergenstamm had not had his types for com-
]iarison. Possibly Schiner was misled by the wide
front and orbital bristles, and overlooked some males
in his material.

SARCOPHAGA AND AIJJES 39

No. 8. Sarothromyia femoralis var. simplex n. var.

Differs from the typical form only in having
plain front tibiie and tarsi in the male. The material
examined shows no intermediate forms. I cannot
separate the females, except by associating them with
males taken at the same time or place.

Four males, three females, Miami, Florida, Nov.
8 (C. H. T. Townsend), in the National Museum;
one female, Ft. Worth, Fla., collected by Mrs. Slos-
son, probably belongs here.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20,488, U. S. N. M.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20,488, U. S. N. M.

Genus SARCOPHAGULA Van der Wulp.

Van der Wulp, Tijdsch. v. Ent., xxx, 173, 1887; Biologia,
Dipt., ii, 289, 1896.

Brauer iind von Bergenstamm, Zweifl. d. Kais. Mus., vi.
164, 1893.
Front wide, about one-third the head in both
sexes, the middle stripe as wide as one side. Frontals
reduced to fovn- pairs, not divergent, the anterior a
little below the base of the antenna. One large or-
bital present in both sexes, the posterior frontal might
be considered a reclinate orbital, as it is far from the
next frontal and much closer to the orbit. Outer
vertical present in both sexes. Parafacial narrow,
with a single row of minute hairs. Antennae as in
Sarcophaga, but the third joint only twice the sec-
ond; arista long-plumose on basal lialf, the last joint
much thickened at its base. Vibrissa? not approx-
imated, almost at oral margin.

Fourth vein with roimded, oblique angle, the
first posterior cell open a little before the apex ; third
costal segment very short ; hind crossvein rather erect,
usually at about the middle between the anterior
crossvein and the bend.

Type of genus, Sarcopliaga occidua Fabricius,
by designation of Coquillett, Proc. U. S. N. M.,
x'xxvii, 602, 1910.

40 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

No. 9. Sarcophagula occidua Fabr.

Fabricius, Ent. Syst , iv. 315, 1794; Syst. Antl, 288, 1805

(both Musca).- — West Indies.
Wiedemann, Auss. Zweifl. Ins., ii, 368, 1830 {Sarcoph-

aga), type redescribed.
Van der Wulp, Biologia, Dipt., ii, 289, pi. vii, f. 12, 1896

{imhecilla, canuta and tenuis). — Mexico.
Williston, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, 361, pi. xii, f.

120 bis {Sarcophilodes puella). — St. Vincent, \\'. I.
Coquillett, Proc. U. S. N. M., xxii, 254 (SarcopJiac/a),

occurrence in Porto Rico.
A very small gray tropical species.
Male. Front .358 of head (average of five, —
.354, .354, .355, .359, .367) ; parafrontals and para-
facials gray, not silvery ; frontal stripe red anteriorly ;
antenna3 black, tip of second joint and base of third
reddish, the third reaches three-fourths of the way to
the vibrissa3; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary;
bucca about one-sixth the eyeheight.

Thorax yellowish gray pollinose, with three
black stripes when viewed from behind ; ps dc 3 ; ant
acr 0; presc very small; postalar 2, the outer very
small ; intra-alars 2 ; supra-alars 1 large and two min-
ute ; hvim 2 ; intrahum 1 ; presutural 1 large ; stpl 2 ;
npl 2; scutellum with 2 marginals and 1 discal, no
apicals.

Abdomen black with changeable yellowish-gray
pollen, which shows three shifting black stripes; first
segment with only marginal bristles; second witli
some long depressed hairs along the margin, the mid -
die pair of which are usually more erect and have the
size of small bristles; third with a row of 6; fourth
with a row of ten.

Hypopygium black, opaque ; first segment large,
declivous, with a row of four bristles near tip ; second
segment bent forward, with two large ascending and
divergent bristles behind; forceps black, straight and
tapering to a slender point, not hooked nor divergent ;
accessory plate brown, very large and wide, wdth a
long slender tip which has scA^eral distinct barbs on
the front side; posterior clasper brown, with slender

SARCOPIIAGA AND ALLIES 41

hooked tip and a long hair on the front side ; anterior
clasper brown, moderately slender and hooked; penis
with basal joint indistinct, the distal rather tubular,
swollen and black in the middle, with a tongue-like
process protruding from the end, and a brown ex-
pansion attached to the front side. Fifth sternite-
showing very slightly.

Legs biack; middle femora without comb; mid-
dle tibia with two bristles on the outer front side, one
of them large; hind tibia of male not villous; claws
and pul\ illi all short.

Wings hyaline; costal spine small; tliird vein
with rather long hairs nearly to crossvein; third costal
segment hardly half the fifth.

Female. Front .382 of head (average of five, —
.360, .369, .391, .394, .397). Scutellum with a small
marginal pair betw^een the two large ones. Genital
segment black, much retracted.

Length 2.8 to 4.4 mm.

Numerous specimens of both sexes: 56 are from
Havana, Cuba, (C. F. Baker) ; 5 Key West, Fla.,
Jan. 1, 1869 (C. V. Riley) ; 2 Porto Rico (Busck),
determined by Coquillett as occidua; 1 Aguada Pas,
Cuba (Sturtevant) ; 2 Panama, P. R. ; 1 Jamacia
(Hough) ; 1 St. Augustine and 1 Lake Worth, Fla.
(Hgh.); 1 Miami, Fla.

The synonymy of Van der Wulp and Willi ston is
from their descriptions only.

Type. — Probably in the Imperial Museum, Vi-
enna, if still in existence.

CAMPTOPYGA New Genus.

{KafXTTTos, curved; irvyt], the hinder end)

Rather bare, black, medium sized species, with
large, bulky hypopygium; the head rather convex
behind, vibrissie at oral margin and almost in the
lower line of the head; face vertical; frontals only
six in a row, but reaching to middle of second anten-
nal joint, the last strongly diverging; one macro-

42 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

ch^ta at lower edge of parafacial next to eye, just
above the facial impression; above this bristle only a
few very small hairs; antenna* nearly as long as the
face; arista long and slender, the penultimate joint
as long as wide, the last joint somewhat thickened at
base, with very short plumosity for hardly half its
length, the hairs but little longer than the greatest
thickness of the arista ; palpi normal ; proboscis short,
fleshy ; eyes bare. Thorax with rather few and strong
bristles, nearly bare otherwise, the usual small hairs
few and scattered ; the scutellum has but four bristles,
— two pairs of marginals.

Type. — Camptopyga arisiata new species.

No. 10. Camptopyga aristata n. sp.

Male. Front of considerable width, .260 of the
head (average of three, — .252, .257, .271) ; the stripe
velvety black, wider than either side; face and front
with plumbeous pollen, not glistening when viewed
from below; antennae black, tliird joint one and two-
thirds times the second, reaching over five-sixths of
the way to the vibrissa ; facial ridges bare ; bucca one-
fifth the eyeheight, a little bristly along mouth ; palpi
and proboscis black; back of head with three rows of
black hairs and not much pale beard; outer vertical
bristles large, more than half as long as the inner.

Thorax gray, thinly pollinose, three black stripes
on dorsum; 3 ps dc; 3 stpl; no ant acr; presc very
weak; 1 prothoracic; 1 on lower anterior corner of
mesopleura; 3 humeral; 2 ant dc (one small).

Abdomen blackish, club-shaped; when viewed
from behind the second, third and fourth segments
each have a row of four silvery spots lying against the
preceding segment, very distinctive; first and second
segments with only a single long lateral bristle each
side; third w^ith a very large pair of median mar-
ginals, and two lateral each side; fovn-th w^ith mar-
ginal row of 12.

Hypopygium large; first segment brown-black,
with row of 6 stout bristles across hind part; second

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 43

brown-black, very large, with four large and some
smaller bristles directed backward and curving up-
ward; fifth- sternite broad and conspicuous, black,
with only a linear fissure, forming a sort of hood 'for
the genitalia in repose ; forceps black, smallish, even-
ly incurved and tapering in profile, the tips not di-
vergent ; hind claspers long and slender, curved ; front
claspers heavier, darker and more strongly curved;
penis blac*:ish, slender nearly to the tip, which is bent
squarely forward and has several small anterior pro-
cesses.

Legs very black; middle femur without combs;
middle tibia with an increasing row of three bristles
on outer front side; hind tibia not villous.

Wings yellowish; costal spine very long; third
costal segment shorter than the fifth; fourth vein
with square bend, either slightly rounded or pro-
vided with a slight appendix, ending at a distance be-
fore the extreme apex which rather exceeds one half
the fifth costal segment; third vein with stout hairs
to the crossvein; first vein bare.

Female. Front .331 of head, with two normal
orbitals; second abdominal segment with a pair of
erect median marginals; otherwise exceedingly like
the male throughout; genital segment black, retract-
ed, with transverse aperture.

Length of male 6, of female 5 mm.

Five males and one female : one of each sex from
Tifton, Ga., Oct. 6, 1896 (Hough coll.); one male
from Opelousa, La., June, 1897 (Hough coll.) ; one
male Alta Loma, Texas, Dec. 29, 1914 (Bishopp,
No. 3521) ; one male Anglesea, N. J. (C. W. John-
son) ; the other male Slidell, La., July 2-6, 1905
(Prof. Jas. S. Hine).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20,489, LL S. N. M.,
from Alta Loma, Tex.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20489, U. S. N. M.

44 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Genus AGRIA Robineau Desvoidy.

Robineau-Desvoidj^, Myodaires, 1830, p. 376,
established the genus with the following definition:
"Antennis paulisper incrassatis, cheto villoso; abdo-
men punctatum." He explained that he uses the
term villoso as meaning subpliuiiose. He described
six species, all but one of which are regarded as syno-
nyms of Musca afjinis Fallen by Bezzi in vol. iii of
the Palaearctic Catalogue; the sixth he recognizes
as a Sarcophaga; affinls thus becomes the type
of the genus, and is so designated by Coquillett,
Type-Sp"ecies, 1910. Macquart, Hist! Nat. Dipt.,
ii, 229, 1835, recognized affinis as belonging to this
genus and as being the prior name for at least one of
Desvoidy's species; he however included a number of
diverse forms which later caused some confusion in
restricting the genus.

Affinis occurs in North xVmerica, having been
identified for Dr. Parker by Dr. Bottcher, and for
me by Parker. Its principal generic characters are
as follows:

Front in male narrowed in front of the ocelli, in
female rather wide, in both with the median stripe
wider than the side; in the female the parafrontal has
numerous rather large hairs, continuous with those of
the parafacial, which are much tlie same as in Sar-
cophaga. Frontals about 12, widening gradually be-
low, reacliing nearly to middle of second antennal
joint. Antenna? reaching nearly to oral margin, the
arista with short and rather dense plumosity extend-
ing about half its length, Aibrissa? at oral margin;
eyes bare; palpi normal, proboscis short and fleshy;
occiput without any pale beard. Fourth vein at bend
witli a square angle and a slight fold; its end is as far
before the apex as half the length of the fifth costal
segment. Hypopygium large, mostly occupied with
the first segment, which has a pronounced hump be-
fore its middle, forming the apex of the abdomen in
profile; a row of bristles before the hump; second
segment small.

SARCOPHAGA AXD ALLIES 45

No. 11. Agria af finis Fall.

Fallen. Acta Holmiae, 1816, 230; Dipt. .^uec. Muscides,

1820, 39 (both Miisca).
Pandelle, Rev. Ent., xv, 173 (Sarcophila bichiiiis), 1896.
Bezzi, Pal. Kat., iii, 469, bibliography, etc., 1907.

Male. Front narrowed below ocelli, .124 of head
(average of four, — .117, .120, .125, .132) ; face and
front silvery, liairs of parafacials distinct but varying
in number; antenna? blackish, third joint twice the
second, reaching four-fifths of the way to the vi-
briss£e; bucca nearly one- third the eyeheight; outei"
vertical not differentiated.

Thorax blackish, but when viewed from behind
gray with three black stripes, the middle of which
extends to the end of the scutellum; 3 ps dc; 3 stpl,
ant acr 2 pairs, large; prsc rather large; hum 3; npl
2; scutellum with three marginal pairs and a smaller
discal, no apical (or the inner marginal might be re-
garded as a very large apical pair).

Abdomen rather silvery pollinose; viewed from
behind there is a median black stripe and a large
black spot each side on segments two, three and four ;
first and second segments with only lateral small
bristles; third with a small median marginal pair;
fourth with marginal row of about 18.

Hypopygium black; segments as described
above; forceps black, very short and blunt; accessory
plates developed into a large yellow forceps-like or-
gan on each side, as long as the true forceps ;posterior
claspers yellow, very low in position; anterior ones
upright, with a hook on the posterior distal angle,
the anterior point not much curved; penis mostly
black, very thick and short, witli a snout-like process
in front turning down toward the base almost to the
body of the hypopygial segment.

Legs deep black; middle femora with comb at
tip below on hind side; middle tibia with* two smallish
])ristles on outer front side; hind tilmv not villous;
front basitarsus with some bristles below at base.

46 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATIOX

Wings hyaline; hind crossvein nearly parallel
with wing-margin ; first vein bare, third bristly almost
to crossvein; no costal spine; third and fifth costal
segments equal.

Female. Front .308 of head, the middle stripe
three times as wide as one side, two orbitals as usual ,
outer vertical well developed; scutellum bristled as
in male; genital segment black, with a dense row of
small bristles at edge, showing another complete end
of a segment within, and another within this of which
the sternite is modified into a short, blunt larviposi-
tor; the first sternite of the abdomen is fully as long
as the first tergite.

Length, 7-8 mm.

Seven males, one female: one pair North Mt.,
Pa., June 7 and Sept. 1 (no collector) ; two males,
North Saugus, Mass., May 18, 1911 (li. E. Smith) ;
one male. Las Vegas Mts., N. M., 11,000 ft., June,
1901 (Cockerell) ; two males, Victoria, B. C, bred
from larvae of Vanessa antiopa by J. R. Anderson,
in the Canadian National Collection; one male.
White Mts. [N. II.] (Morrison), in the C. V. Riley
collection, U. S. National Museum.

Tyjje. — Probably in the Academy of Sciences in
Stockholm.

HARBECKIA New Genus.

The principal generic characters are the pro-
tuberant front, short fronto-orbital rows, rather
strong parafacial bristles in a long diagonal row,
vibrissa? at oral margin but mucli above lower
line of head, wide bucca, strong acrostichals, and
the four equally-spaced and equally large bristles
on the posterior margin of the scutellum in both
sexes. The hypopygium of the male is Sarcophagid
in type, while the protuberant front and strong de-
velopment of the bristles suggest a Dexiid relation-
ship. Against the latter on the other hand might be

SARCOPHAGA AND ALI.IES 47

urged the small number of bristles on the scutellum,
and the partial plumosity of the arista.

Named in honor of H. S. Harbeck, the Phila-
delphia dipterist, who placed at my disposal for the
present work the riches of his private collection.

Type. — Harhechia tessellata, n. sp.; according
to Mr. W. R. Walton, who looked up the matter for
me, Brachycoiiia puhicorms Coq. (Proc. U. S. X. M.,
XXV, 116) is congeneric. It differs chiefly in not pos-
sessing median marginals on the second abdominal
segment.

No. 12. Karbeckia tessellata n. sp.

Male. Head rather convex })ehind, front prom-
inent, face vertical, lower line of head sloping up con-
siderably to meet it. Front narrow, .114 of head
(average of two, — .095 and .132) ; middle stripe
brown, much wider above than parafrontals, the lat-
ter and the parafacials blackish, with a thin coating
of lustrous gray pollen; frontals 10 to 12, hardly
reaching base of antennae and not strikingly diverg-
ent below; parafacials with a row of rather strong
bristles, ascending diagonally along the expanding
facial impression; antenna? dark brown, third joint
one and one-half times the second and reaching two-
thirds of the way to the vibrissa, which are at the oral
margin though much above the lower line of the head ;
arista thickened at base, penultimate joint very short,
plumosity shorter than in a normal Sarcophaga and
dwindling beyond the middle, so that from a third to
almost a half of the length is bare; facial ridges Avith
small hairs extending about a third of the way up;
facial impression reddish-brown, conspicuous, wide
toward the vibrissee ; bucca over two-fifths of the eye-
height, very bristly below; back of head and bucca
blackish, with thin cinerous pollen, the former with
four or five rows of black hair and almost no pale
beard; outer vertical bristle quite small but larger

48 THOMAS SAY FOI^XDATIOX

than adjacent hairs; palpi black, ordinary; proboscis
black, very short, fleshy.

Thorax strongly bristled, subshining black all
over, but when viewed from behind showing the three
main stripes as in Sarcophaga, dark with pollinose
interspaces ; 3 ps dc ; 3 stpl ; anterior acrostichals very
strong, 3 pairs ; prescutellars also large, equal to the
dc beside them; scutellum with three pairs of mar-
ginals, of which the basal as usual are rather on the
upper edge of the margin, the other four bristles are
of equal length and equally spaced around the apical
pai't; a large discal pair also on scutellum; notopleu-
ral two large and two sm/ill.

Abdomen rather cylindrical, black with almost
silvery pollen in a tessellated pattern, leaving an in-
distinct median black stripe and somewhat shining
hind margins ; second segment with a large, erect pair
of median marginal bristles; third and fourth with
each a marginal row of 18 or 20.

Ilypopygium of smallish size, subopaque, black;
first segment with a row of small bristles; second with
rather numerous erect black hairs ; forceps black, quite
straight and tapering, with long black semi-recum-
bent hair behind except apically; accessory plate
blackish, ending in an acute angle; posterior clasper
smaller than anterior, deeply excised in front and
bearing a long hair; penis rather short and stout, the
distal segment bent forward with a blunt angle be-
hind, below it in front a pair of black projecting
points and basad of these a pair of long processes
rather rolled in at tip ; sternites sliglitly decreasing in
width, the fifth concealed.

Legs black, strong and bristly; middle femur
with long bristles but no com!) below; middle tibia
with two bristles on outer front side near middle ; hind
tibia? without villosity.

Wings subhyaline, slightly yellowish; a large
costal spine; fourth vein witli rounded bend, ending
moderately (but not very) far before tip, the first
posterior cell rather narrowly open in the two males;

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 49

first vein bare, third with several hairs; third costal
segment shorter than the fifth.

Female. Front .313 of head (average of five, —
.289, .307, .309, .329, .330), orbitals present; outer
verticals well developed; bucca fully half the eye-
height; scutellum as in male; genital segment black,
with quite long bristles, orifice rounded ; middle til3ite
with three bristles on outer front side ; costa with two
spines, one of striking size ; first posterior cell usually
closed in or just before the margin, sometimes as
widely open as in the two males.

Length Gl/o-Sl/o mm.

Two males, Germantown, Pa., July 2, 1904, and
May 20, 1905, collected by Mr. H. S. Harbeck.

Nineteen females: 12 from Germantown, Pa.,
in summer of 1904 and 1905; 2 from Manahawkin,
N. J., Sept. 5, 1909, and July 11, 1910; 3 from Tren-
ton, N. J., Aug. 21, 1909, and Aug. 5, 1910 (all from
Harbeck; one from Melrose Highlands, Mass.,
June 1, 1911; and one from "N. Andover Col."
Mass., July 16, 1911 (H. E. Smith).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20,490, U. S. N. M.,
from Germantown, Pa.

Allotype. — Female, U. S. N. M., same number
and locality.

HYPOPELTA New Genus.

(uTTo, below; irekTr], shield)

Allied to Camptopyga, but differing in liaving
no macrocha}ta3 on sides of face and with different
genital characters in both sexes.

Black species with about the usual Sarcopliagid
appearance ; the male without orbitals, and with small
ocellars and distinct outer verticals; parafacial with
row of hairs near the eye below, the loAver ones rather
coarse; frontals diverging rapidly below, reaching as
far as middle of second antennal joint; third anten-
nal joint twice the second, with long, slender arista
which is short-plumose for two-thirds its length. Vi-
brissge at oral margin, facialia very flat, bare except

50 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

for a few hairs below; palpi normal, proboscis short.
Eyes bare.

Thoracic clitetotaxy : ps dc 3 ; ant dc 2 ; hum 3 ;
intrahmn 1; presut 1; ant acr 0; ps acr 1 (prescutel-
lar) ; stpl 3; scutellum with 1 marginal and 1 apical,
both long, the latter nearer to each other than to the
former.

Abdomen of male Axry large and clubbed api-
cally, more than in Camptopyga; first segment de-
clivous, with crescent-shaped row of 8 bristles near
lower border, a deep notch between the two segments,
the second bulging abruptly from the suture into a
hump, on which are several long, upcurved macro-
cliJEta?. First four abdominal segments short on ven-
ter, the sternites covered with erect long hair ; tlie fifth
sternite standing out abruptly as a large protuberance
which opens V-shaped behind; a sixth sternite stands
out in plain sight as a lobe projecting from underneath
the fourth at the side of the fifth, the end of this lobe
almost or quite rests upon the forceps in repose.

The female has the genital segment much larger
than in Camptopyga; wing as in that genus.

Type. — Hypopelta scrofa, new species.

No. 13. Hypopelta scrofa n. sp.

Male. Front .214 of head (ayerage of four, —
.197, .217, .221, .231) ; middle stripe more than twice
the width of one side above; parafrontals and para-
facials decidedly silvery; antennee and palpi black;
back of head with three rows of black hairs and only
a little pale beard.

Thorax with 3-5 black stripes; the apical scutel-
lar bristles reach to the third abdominal segment.

Abdomen black with changeable pollen; seg-
ments 2-4 with a transverse row of four silvery spots
against the front margin, giving the effect of three
shifting black longitudinal stripes between them; first
and second segments with only one moderate lateral
bristle; third M'ith a pair of erect median marginals

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 51

and two laterals; fourth with a marginal row which
extends down the sides in full strength and numbers
about 24 bristles.

Hypopygium as partly described; first segment
black, second red. Forceps straight, hardly at all di-
vergent, blackish, behind with dense hair slanting
back and outward; at the tip a very minute tooth.
Accessory plates large, broad, anterior edge shining
black. Posterior clasper long, stout, and strongly
curved; anterior clasper surprisingly modified, — it is
reversed in position so that it closes backward, and
greatly elongated, lying inside the margin of the cav-
ity so as to be almost invisible even basally ; the great-
ly elongated and enlarged tip is so far forward that
it cannot be seen in ordinary spread specimens, but
the hypopygium must be taken apart to reveal it;
it is as large as the forceps of most species. A row
of reddish hairs along its more slender basal part are
plainly visible anterior to the hind clasper. Penis
^vith a long, swollen, bright red basal segment, nar-
rowing to a neck where it joins the distal one, the
junction close and not hinged; distal segment with a
rather small central mass, dorsally dividing just be-
yond this into two long thin plates, which diverging
slightly curve over the end and partly conceal the
inner parts; these are several incurved processes,
basad of which is a flat transverse plate with three
lobes; caudad of this a brown thin margin expanded
from the side of the segment.

Legs black; middle femora without comb; mid-
dle tibia with two bristles on outer front side; hind
tibia without villosity.

Wings subhyaline; costal spine large; third cos-
tal segment much shorter tlian fifth; the distance of
the tip of tlie fourth vein from the extreme apex is
about two-thirds the fifth costal seg-ment.

Female. Front .312 of head; palpi slightly cla-
vate; genital segment deep red, conspicuous, not re-
tracted, with a fringe of stout bristles; below it has

52 THOMAS SxVY FOUNDATIOX

a row of appressed black hairs at base and another in
middle (sixth sternite coalesced with it?).

Length 6l/^-8l/o mm.

Thirteen males and three females; se\'en males
are from LaFayette, Ind., collected by the author;
two males and two females Opelousas, La., in the
Hough collection; one male Tifton, Ga., also in the
Hough collection; one male each from Georgesville
and Kent, Ohio, in Professor Hine's collection; one
male Florida (C. W. Johnson) ; the third female is
in the Hough collection, collected in Wisconsin by
Professor Wm. M. Wheeler.

Holotype.— Male, Xo. 20,491, U. S. X. M.,
from LaFayette, Ind.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20491, U. S. X. M.,
from Opelousas, La.

NOTOCHiETA New Genus.

{vcJoTos, back; x^itr??, hristle)

Eyes bare; front not \ery prominent, narrow in
male; upper frontals strong, several of the upper
pair reclinate in a decreasing degree, the rows mod-
erately divergent below and reaching almost to the
middle of the second antennal joint; third antennal
joint long, arista long and with vei*y long plumosity
almost to its tip; vibrissa at oral margin, not approx-
imated; hairs of parafacials minute or wanting; palpi
normal; proboscis short, fleshy; back of head nearly
flat.

Thorax with uncommonly long bristles, as fol-
lows: Ps dc 2 (the anterior not much more than half
way to the suture, usually a coarse hair close in front
of it) ; ant dc 2 large; ant acr 0; prsc 1 small; hum 2;
npl 2; inthum 1; prsut 1 large; pa 2; inta 2 or 1 (the
anterior small or absent) ; supa 3 (the middle one
large) ; stpl 3; scutellum with 3 or 4 marginals (only
the first and last large ) , one small apical, and some-
times a minute subapical.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALIJES 53

Abdomen largely shining; marginals only on
third and fourth segments, no discals; hypopygium
small.

Legs without villosity, not very bristly.

Wings without costal spine; third costal seg-
ment shorter than fifth; first vein bare, third hairy
near base; apical cell open far before the tip of the
wing, widened past its middle by a sinuosity of the
third vein; apical crossvein forming a right angle with
or without a small appendage.

Type. — Notochaeta siihpoUta n. sp.; Van der
Wulp's Sarcophaga plumigera, as I identify it, also
goes here.

Table of Species.

Facialia (facial ridges) hairy to much above the
middle No. 1.5. plumigera V. d. W.

Facialia hairy only a little above vibrissa?

TsTo. 14. suhpolita n. sp.

No. 14. Notochaeta subpolita n. sp,

Male. Front .147 of head (three gave identical
measurements) ; parafacials and parafrontals silvery
pollinose, but with a yellow tinge, the former with a
few almost imperceptible hairs; frontal stripe black-
ish, almost half the front in width above, widening
below; frontal bristles about 12, erect and long, three
or four of the upper pairs reclinate in some degree;
antenna? black, third joint 3 times the second, reach-
ing four-fifths of the way to the vibrissas ; facialia low
and bare, face flat; palpi and proboscis black; bucca
one-fifth the eyeheight; hairs of back of head and of
bucca all black ; ocellars smallish, outer vertical absent.

Thorax with bright yellowish gray pollen alter-
nating Math 3-5 shining black stripes, the median of
which is narrowed in front; pleurae with satiny gray
pollen, in a certain light there is a black stripe from
the humerus to the front part of tlie sternopleura ;
anterior intraalar present but small.

Abdomen largely shining black, but the anterior
part of the segments with thin but bright, changeable

54 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

submetallic gray pollen, leaving a distinct, shining
and metallic median black stripe; first and second
segments with only lateral bristles; third with a row
of 10 strong, erect marginals; fourth with a row of
10 or 12. Fifth sternite black, V-shaped, very incon-
spicuous, with slender, erect hairs on the exposed
edge.

Hypopygium black, opaque, small ; first segment
with a row of small bristles behind ; second with erect
black hairs, hardly bristly, in profile rather humped
near base. Forceps small, black, straight, hardly di-
vergent, uniformly tapering. Accessory plate brown,
rather long, and narrow at tip; posterior clasper
small, slender, erect, blackish, with hooked tip and a
long hair from the base in front ; anterior clasper red-
dish toward tip, slender, rather sinuous. Penis with
short, brownish basal segment; distal segment black-
ish, its basal portion slender, then rapidly widening;
behind, it has a prominent angle, beyond which is a
concavity bounded by two spreading ridges wliicli
converge and blend in a rounded apex ; in front, there
is a mandible-like process and several pairs of small
hooks on the main part, suggesting the head of an
animal with open mouth.

Legs black ; middle femur without comb ; middle
tibia with one bristle on outer front side; hind tibia
not villous, but ciliated on the outer side with several
rows of noticeable hairs.

Wing subinfuscated in front and along the veins,
almost hyaline behind.

Female. Front .268 of head (average of two, —
.263 and .274) ; with the usual ocellars and outer ver-
tical, but only 8 frontals; scutellum with the same
bristles as in the male, including apicals (in both
sexes the apicals seem to arise a trifle before the hind
edge) ; genital segments black, small.

Length 8 mm.

Three males and two females, Los Amates,
Guatemala, Jan. 16-20, 1905, collected by Professor
Jas. S. Hine.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 55

Holotype. — Male, in Professor Hine's collec-
tion.

Allotype. — Female, in same place.

No. 15. Noiochaeta plumigera V. d. W.

Van der Wulp, Biologia, Dipt., ii, 273, pi. vii, f. 6, 6a
(SarcopJiaga). — Tabasco, Mex.

Male. Front .187 of head; parafrontals and
parafacials golden pollinose; frontal stripe red; ocel-
lars present, outer vertical absent; frontals 8 or 9;
antennae brownish-black, third joint about five times
the second, reaching six-sevenths of the way to the
vibrissa?; arista longer and with longer plumosity
than in suhpolita; facialia ridged, hairy more than
half way up; back of head with three rows of black
hairs, on the middle and below to the metacephalic
suture with pale hairs.

Thorax and abdomen as in suhpolita, fifth sterii-
ite not visible.

Hpyopygium in the described specimen w^th
brown first segment, the second yellowish (Van der
Wulp gives them as black), but they seem to be
bleached. Forceps black, short, concave behind for
half their length, then excised on inner side and end-
ing in slender point, which in profile is nearly straight,
with a small claw ; accessory plate brown, rather long
and narrow; posterior clasper brown, slender and
gently curved, hooked at tip, and with a long hair far
back from the tip; anterior clasper longer, slender,
brown, with hooked tip. Penis stout, black and blunt
at tip, the basal part yellowish; on the front side are
two diverging plates near the apex, their front edges
minutely serrate ; the back plate makes a pronounced
angle at the tip.

Legs and wings as in suhpolita. .

Length 9 mm.

One male, Punta Arenas, Guatemala, INIarch 14,
1915, collected by Professor Hine.

Type. — In the Godman and Salvin collection,
London. Not seen by the writer.

56 THOMAS SAY FOUXDATIOX

EMBLEMASOMA New Genus.

(e/jL^XTj/jia, mosaic; aco/jia, body)

Differs from Sarcophaga mainly in having the
vibrissffi quite high above the oral margin (as far as
the length of the second antennal joint) and consid-
erably approximated, so as to narrow the facial plate
below more than usual. Type, Embleinasoma erro,
the following species; a second species is E. faciale,
and the two agree in the following characters among
others :

Parafacials with several rows of hairs, none
bristle-like, encroaching on the facial impression;
parafrontals also with small hairs; frontals reaching
to about middle of second antennal joint, not sud-
denly diverging below, still with one or more extra
bristles just outside the lowest in the row, evidently
somewhat variable; antennae short, third joint less
than twice the second, and reaching three-fifths to
three-fourths the way to the vibriss^e; bucca very
wide, about half the eyeheight; scutellum with 3 or 4
marginal pairs, together with one discal and a small
apical; 4 dc; ant acr long but not vei-y distinct from
the adjacent long, erect hairs; stpl 3; npl 4; sa 3; inta
2; pa 2; epaulets black; subepaulets almost white.

Table of Species. — Males.

Legs, palpi, proboscis and antemite black (wide-
spread eiTo n. sp.

Legs, palpi, proboscis and antenna? yellow
(Georgia) faciale n. sp.

No. 16. Emblemasoma erro n. sp.

Male. Front .206 of head (average of three,^ — -
.200, .203, .214) ; parafrontals and parafacials with
yellow satiny pollen, with brown reflections opposite
antenna ; frontal stripe brown, wide and well-defined ;
ocellars present, outer vertical not; antennae brown-
ish-black, small, the second joint rather long, third
hardly longer than second, lacking almost its own
length of reaching vibrissee ; palpi and proboscis black,

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 57

ordinary ; back of head with about four rows of black
hairs, the inner irregular, and with considerable pale
yellow hair about the neck and below, which does not
extend forward on the bucca.

Thorax gray pollinose, with 3-,) black stripes;
the submedian gray stripes divided farther than the
suture.

Abdomen gray pollinose, with black median
stripe and two shifting lateral ones; fourth segment
red behind more or less broadly, and a faint reddish
tinge showing on the sides of the third and even the
second segment; first and second with only lateral
bristles ; third with a stout median marginal pair and
several laterals, making an interrupted row; fourth
with a row of about a dozen.

Hypopygium red; first segment of medium size,
subshining, with row of bristles behind ; second rather
small, with some erect bristly hairs; forceps red on
basal half, not large, tapering to middle, then with a
sudden enlargement almost like a barb behind, not
much tapering beyond, the tip blunt and rounded.
Accessory plate red, finger-like; posterior clasper
red, with brown flat tip not nmch hooked; anterior
clasper black from middle, with flat rather straight
tip. Penis with short, red basal segment much re-
tracted; distal segment becoming black, rounded but
not greatly enlarged at tip, bearing a striking pair of
large red outstanding arms on the front side beyond
the middle. Fifth sternite red, inconspicuous, V-
shaped, with only small hairs on inner side and very
few bristles on edge.

Legs black; middle femur with two rows of
spines below, the posterior forming a comb; middle
tibia with two bristles on outer front side ; hind femur
with two rows of long bristles below; hind tibia not
villous, with long bristles on hind side.

Wings sub-hyaline; no costal spine; third costal
segment longer than fifth and six together ; first vein
bare ; third hairy at base for a short distance.

Length 13-1.5 mm.

58 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Three males: one from Russell Co., Kans., alti-
tude 1,350 feet, July 26, 1912 (F. X. Williams), in
the University of Kansas; one from Manahawkin,
N. J., Aug. 21, 1911 (Harbeck) ; and one from Rio
Janeiro, Brazil, collected in November by H. II.
Smith, and given me by Professor Williston.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20,492, N .S. N. M., from
Manahawkin, N. J.

No. 17. Emblemasoma faciale n. sp.

Male. Front .209 of head (one specimen) ; para-
facials and parafrontals gray, frontal strif>e brown;
frontals 13, not widely divergent below, on one side
there is an additional bristle outside the lowest front-
al; antennse red, third joint brown toward tip, one and
two-thirds times the second, reaching three-fourths of
the way to the vibrissas; palpi yellow, slender, darker
at tip; proboscis j^ellow, short; back of head as in
erro.

Thorax gray, with 3-5 black stripes; the sub-
median gray stripes wide and rather widely divided
past the suture.

Abdomen as in erro, fourth segment about half
red,

Hypopygium red, very similar to that of erro,
but smaller; first segment retracted, with row of
bristles on hind edge; second small; forceps entirely
red, small, shaped as in erro; accessory plate red, long
and finger-like; posterior clasper red, slender,
straight, with dark, hooked tip; anterior clasper red,
low, rather straight, excised on inner side near ti^j;
penis as in eiTO. Fifth sternite as in erro.

Legs red, tarsi black; bristles of mid femur
comblike both in front and behind in the lower rows ;
otherwise the bristles of the legs are as mentioned for
erro.

Wings not in good condition, but as far as the
characters are discernible they are as in erro; this ap-
plies to absence of costal spine, long third costal seg-
ment, and hairy third vein.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 59

Length 11 mm.

One male, Tifton, Ga., Aug. 27, 189G, in the
Hough collection of the University of Chicago.
Holotype. — In the Hough collection.

STHENOPYGA New Genus.

{(xdeuos, strong; irvyi], the hinder end)
Type, Sthenopyga glohosa, new species, de-
scribed below. The characters are given in full in the
description; those of principal generic importance
appear to be the narrow parafacials, almost entirely
destitute of even minute hairs, the large eye and nar-
row bucca; only one intra-alar, the posterior one;
front protuberant above the insertion of the antenna}.

No. 18. Sthenopyga globosa n. sp.

Male. Front .188 of head (average of five, — -
.168, .184, .188, .195, .204) ; the eyes not diverging as
rapidly below as in most species; face and front sil-
very with slight yellow tinge ;- f rontals not suddenly
diverging laterally at lower end of the row, but end-
ing higher up, the lowest barely beyond the base of
the second antennal joint, and not diverging more
than the lower half of the row as a Avhole ; parafacials
entirely bare of hairs, densely pollinose; vibrissa? at
oral margin, only a few small hairs above them; an-
tennae brown, third joint slender, fully tw^ice the sec-
ond, reaching three-fourths of the way to the vibrissa? ;
arista of medium length, long-plumose on basal two-
thirds; bucca one-fifth the eyeheight; palpi dark yel-
low, apical two-fifths brown; proboscis short, fleshy;
outer vertical not differentiated; back of head with
only a few pale hairs about the neck.

Thorax densely gray pollinose, not shining in
any part; when viewed from behind the usual 3-5
black stripes are visible but slender, in front view the
3 are brown ; 3 ps dc ; stpl 2 ; no ant acr ; prescutellar
very small; scutellum with two marginals (one very
small between them), no subapicals, no apicals.

60 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Abdomen gray, densely gray pollinose, tessel-
lated, the fourth segment mostly red ; first and second
with only lateral, third with row of 10 or 12 marginal
bristles; fom*th with row of about 18.

Hypopygium red ; first segment rather pollinose,
with a row of small bristles at hind margin; second
segment red, rather small and flattened; forceps
small, red except tip, rather evenly pointed, posterior
side basally with hair sloping away from apex; ac-
cessory plates -yellow, finger-shaped, bare; both clasp-
ers of ordinary form; penis with globose, blackish dis-
tal segment, the apical portion of which curves for-
ward and is diA^ided mesially into two flat pieces side
by side, the side plates extending considerably for-
ward; fifth sternite concealed, pale yellow, the
branches slender, bearing a few black hairs.

Legs yellow, or the femora partially infuscated,
middle tibia with one bristle on outer front side ; mid-
dle femur with moderate l)ristles below on hind side,
not forming comb; hind tibia with very sparse villos-
ity, only a few erect hairs, mostly on inner side ; claws
and pulvilli long, the latter yellow.

Wings hyaline, third and fifth costal segments
about equal; first vein with only a few coarse hairs;
third vein hairy almost to crossvein ; no costal spine.

Female. Front .252 of head (average of five,—
.231, .244, .246, .258, .282) ; orbitals and outer ver-
ticals present; lower frontals as in male, or a very
little more diverging than in the male, but not ex-
tending any further down; parafacials with a very
few liairs, minute and mostly pale; bucca one-sixth
the eyeheight; scutellum with three marginal (the
middle small), one pair subapicals (almost apical in
position) ; genital segment red with roundish or tri-
angular opening; middle tibia with 2 bristles on outer
front side; middle femur without combs; first vein
with numerous hairs .

Length of male 7l/o to 8^/0, of female 6 to 8 mm.

Six males, seven females, Opelousas, La., March,
April and May, 1897, all in Hough collection. One

SAKCOPHAGA AND AIJJES 61

female has a pair of median marginals on second ab-
dominal segment. Another female, Miami, Florida,
Dec. 19, 1912, shows no other apparent differences
but has large median marginal bristles on second alv
dominal segment, in fact a complete but slightly iv-
regular marginal row. It will require more material
to explain these differences.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20,493, U. S. X. M.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20193, U. S. N. M.

HARPAGOPYGA New Genus.
(dpTayrj, hook; irvyr], the hinder end)

Parafacials with a few very delicate almost im-
perceptible hairs; vibrissie slightly above oral margin
and slightly approximated (as far apart as two-thirds
the width of the front, in the male) ; ocellar bristles
entirely absent ; orbitals none in male, one in female ;
frontal bristles descending to base of antennae ; arista
as in Sarcophaga; third antennal joint about twice
the second, slender. Thoracic cha?totaxy exactly as
in Camptops, except that there are five or six bristles
in the hypopleural row (this is probably somewhat
variable in all species ) . First vein bare, fourth end-
ing not very far before the apex (half the fifth costal
segment).

Agrees with Camptops and Sthenopyga in hav-
ing the face destitute of the row of bristly hairs near
the eye, and in the fourth vein ending not far before
the apex of the wing. In this series of genera, Camp-
tops is at once separated by ha^ ing the vibrissje liigh
up and close together; both Camptops and Stheno-
pyga have the first vein hairy, though this is usually
reduced in the males and might possibly fail entirely
in some. The orbital bristles are as follows: Camp-
tops, one in each sex; Harapagopyga, none in male,
one in female; Sthenopyga, none in male, two in fe-
male. Ocellars strong in Camptops, weak in Stheno-
pyga, absent in Harpagopyga .

The type of Harpagopyga is the species identi-
fied as Sarcophaga d'wcrsipes Coq., and described be-
low.

62 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

No. 19. Harpagopyga diversipes Coq.

Coquillett, Pro. U. S. N. M., xxii, 255, female (Sar~
copJiaga).

Male. Front .25 of head width, over one-third
occupied by the brown, sharply-defined median stripe ;
parafrontals and parafacials silvery pollinose, the lat-
ter rather wide; antennae brown, the basal joints red-
dish, third reaching fonr-fifths of the way to vibrissee,
arista long-plumose a little over half way ; palpi yel
low, ordinary; proboscis blackish, short, fleshy; bucca
one-fourth the eyeheight; outer vertical well devel-
oped ; two regular rows of black hairs on back of head,
with only a few pale hairs there.

Thorax gray pollinose with three brown stripes,
the central one reaching to tip of scutellum; also a
brown stripe on the notopleural suture and a short
broad one on lower half of mesopleura.

Abdomen with changeable tessellation, on which
a median brown stripe is constant on second and third
segments, also a changeable lateral one each side;
fourth segment mostly red ; first and second segments
with only lateral bristles, third with a marginal row
of 8, fourth with one of 10.

Plypopygium red, gray pollinose; first segment
large, rather humped at base in profile, with a row
of bristles near hind margin; second segment also
rather large and humped basally, with some erect
hairs ; forceps rather small, straight and evenly taper-
ing, on the back pollinose and with recumbent hair,
not hooked at apex; accessory plate roundish with
slight notch at apex, the anterior lobe with a few long
hairs; hind clasper yellow, slender, strongly curved,
with a long hair on front side; fore clasper shorter,
flat and curved at tip; penis with very short basal
segment, the distal one bulky, globose, mostly of soft
consistency; the central soft mass shows on the side
in an oval shape and projects forward from the hard
part; on the back it is concave to an apical rounded
angle (in profile), then turns strongly forward Avith

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 63

two pairs of processes at front angle, — the inner
short black, pointed, and the outer flattened and some-
what hooked. Fifth sternite very delicate, entirely
concealed.

Legs rather stout, the coxse, tarsi, and the basal
part of the femora black, the tibiae and apical third to
half of the femora reddish yellow; middle femora
without comb; middle tibia with one bristle on outer
front side; hind tibia without villosity.

Wings hyaline ; no costal spine ; third costal seg-
ment about three-fifths of the fifth; hind crossvein
rather straight.

Female. Front .29 of the head, genital segment
red, not distinctly visible in the described specimen.

Length, 6 mm.

Two males and one female: one male Havana,
Cuba, col. C. F. Baker, in collection of author; one
male and one female, Nassau, Bahamas, Dec. 15,
1912, col. F. Knab, in the U. S. National Museum.

Holotype.— Female, No. 4,374, U. S. N. M.,
from Porto Rico.

The Havana specimen was compared with Co-
quillett's type female in the National Museum; the
only discrepancy is the silvery face instead of golden.
Males from the type locality (Porto Rico) will prob-
ably be necessary to determine the value of this char-
acter; in some species it appears to be of importance.

The striking similarity of the genitalia of males
of this species and Camptops unicolor will be appar-
ent from a comparison of the figures.

THELODISCUS New Genus.

{dyfkvs, immature; dlaKos, disk)

Frontal bristles of male descending to base of
second antennal joint, rather evenly diverging from
above the middle of the front; vibrissce a little above
the oral margin; scutellum with three pairs of mar-
ginal bristles ; middle pair are as close together as the
subapical and might be regarded as apical bristles but

64 THOMAS SAY EOUNDATIOX

are longer than the other marginals. They are the
same in both sexes. Fifth sternite undivided.

In the female the frontal bristles form exactly
parallel rows not diverging anteriorly and the frontal
stripe is wide, with parallel sides.

Type. — Thelodiscus indivisus n. sp.

No. 20. Thelodiscus indivisus n. sp.

Male. Front .146 of liead (a^'erage of three, —
.142, .144, cl5"2) ; frontal stripe at tlie narrowest about
half as wide as at anterior end; paraf rentals and para-
lacials light golden yellow, the latter moderately wide,
with small hairs not distinctly arranged in rows, and
facial impression more or less red; the same color ex-
tending across the oral margin and partially on the
facialia. Antennae almost pure reddish yellow, the
third joint hardly twice the second, reaching about
three-fourths of the way to the vibrisSct ; arista brown,
plumose for three-fourths of its length ; tlie plumosity
a little shorter than in Sarcophaga. Palpi yellow,
slender. Proboscis black, ordinary; bucca one-fourth
the eyeheight; back of head with only black liairs,
there being no pale beard at all.

Thorax gray pollinose, with 8 to .5 black stripes
on the mesonotum, and the following chaHotaxy: ps
dc 3; ant acr absent; prsc 1 pair, of medium size; stpl
usually 4; notopleural 2.

Abdomen gray pollinose, with the usual tessel-
lation; the median black stripe is constant; tip of
fourth segment red; first and second segment have
only lateral bristles; third segment with an inter-
rupted row; fourth segment with a row of about 12.

Hypopj^gium red, rather large, sloping down-
ward so as to give the abdomen a truncate appear-
ance. First segment pollinose at the basal edge, with
a row of 4 stout bristles; second segment subshining;
forceps uniformly tapering and curved forward, slen-
der toward the apex, rather widely divergent, with
long outstanding black hair on the back and sides.
Accessory plate slender, finger-like, with short erect

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 65

hairs on the hind edge. Posterior clasper rather short
and slender, with a sharp hook at tip ; anterior clasper
red, rather wide, much larger than tlie posterior, ap-
parently trucate at tip. Penis with sliort and rather
concealed hasal segment; distal segment reddish
hrown, shining, deeply notched in apex into two sim-
ple lateral lobes which extend considerably forward;
on the front side near the middle of the segment are
two simple processes, between the tips of these a slen-
der, tapering flat membrane projects toward the
apex, the tips of which curve back between the apical
lobes. The fifth sternite entirely undivided, project-
ing at its hind edge.

Legs black; middle femur with short comb be-
loAv on hind side ; middle tibia with two bristles on the
outer front side; hind tibia not villous. All the pul-
A'illi and claws very long, the former brown.

Wings slightly and uniformly infuscated; costal
spine small; third costal segment about equal to the
fifth; distance fi'om tip of fourth segment to apex is
equal to three-fourths of the fifth costal segment.
First Acin bare; third vein hairy nearly to crossvein;
epaulet rather dark yelloAv; sub-epaulet light yellow.

Female. Front .346 of head (average of two, —
.325, .366) ; the upper part of parafacials is change-
able in color and this is more noticeable in the female
than in the male; third antennal joint broad and
rounded; ])alpi slightly clavate; genital segment red
with rounded orifice fringed with black hairs; costal
spine rather strong; middle femur without comb.

Length 6.5-10.5 mm.

Three miles and two females. Two of each sex
are from Melrose Highlands, Mass., H. E. Smith,
collector. The other male is from Lunenburg,
Mass., R. T. Webber, collector.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20,494, U. S. N. M.,
Melrose Highlands, Mass.

Allotype.— Female, Xo. 20,494, U. S. X. M.,
Melrose Highlands, Mass.

66 THOMAS SAY FOUXIJATIOX

Geirns SARCOPHAGA Meigen.

The history of the genus is sketched in the Intro-
duction, and its principal characters are mentioned
there. Being a residual genus of vast extent, its dif-
ferential characters for the present purpose are main-
ly negative, — the absence of those which mark off the
smaller related genera. In the analytical tables which
follow, as a safeguard against mistakes by the be-
ginner, all the species of the minor genera are in-
cluded, except those of the strongly-marked ones
Phrissopodia, Wohlfahrtia and Johnsonia.

Table of Groups. — Males.

Three distinct postsutural dorsocentrals

Hind tibia? with villosity (at the minimum
there are at least a few erect, slender hairs
that are longer than the diameter of the
tibia)

Hypopygium wholly black

(p. 67) ' Group A.
At least its second segment red
(p. 74) Group B.
Hind tibia? not with erect villosity (at the ut-
most with appressed hairs)
Hypopygium wholly black

(p. 94)' Group C.
At least its second segment red
(p. 113) Group D.

Four postsutural dol-socentrals, or else the anterior
ones of the postsutural series indistinct, hardly
differentiated from hairs.

Hind tibicE with A'illosity (as limited above)
Hypopygium wholly black

(p. 162) * Group E.
At least its second segment red
(p. 174) Group F.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 67

Hind tibise not villous

Hypopygium wholly black

(p. 236) ' Group G. •
At least its second segment red
(p. 24.5) Group H.

Group A.
Three postsutural dorsocentrals ; hind tibiae vil-
lous ; both segments of hypopygium black.

Table of Species. — Males.

1. Middle tibia with a patch of yellow hair cover-

ing the apical third of the front side (wide
spread, also in Europe)

No. 21. sinuata jNIeig.
Middle tibia not with yellow hair 2.

2. Forceps thick, with long, slender tooth at tij),

formed by the excision of the front side
(New Mexico and Colorado; alphine)

No. 22. cuchereUae n. sp.

ForcejDS not so thick, with a smaller tooth, whicli
is about on the middle of the blunt tip
(Ohio) No. 23. hinei n. sp.

Forceps straight, with parallel front and back,
an oblique rounded truncation at tip, and a
tooth on front side of apex (Pennsylvania)
No. 2-t. imlla n. sp.

No. 21. Sarcophaga sinuata Meig.

Meigen, Syst. Beschr., v, 22, 1828 and v, 24 (latter arvo-
rum).- — Europe.

Pandelle, Rev. Entom., 1896, xv, 188.

Villeneiive, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1900, 364.

Bottcher, Deutsche Ent. Zeitsch., 1912, 708, fig.

Townsend, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc, xix. iii (Sarcofachi-
nella intennedia) . — Carlinville, 111.

Johnson, in Smith's Catalogue of the Insects of New Jer-
sey, both editions, oc. in New Jersey (id.).

Johnson, Diptera of Florida, both editions, oc. in Flor-
ida (id.).

Kelly, Jour. Agl. Research, ii. 441, 1914. bred from grass-
hopper, Columbia Crossroads, Pa.

68 THOMAS SAY FOUXDATIOI-:

Easily recognized in botli sexes by a patch of
appressed, silky yellow or whitish hair, almost like
tomeritiim, on the outer third of tlie front side of the
middle fenmr.

Male. Front .247 the width of the head; (aver-
ave of live, — .225, .236, .256, .257, .263) ; median
stripe about as wide as the side, the latter with pale
yellow sheen which extends smoothly down the para-
facial; a row of four or five small bristles on lower
part of parafacial; frontal row of nine bristles, the
lower strongly diverging; antennae black, third joint
less than double the length of the second, but reach-
ing nearly to the mouth; arista long, plumose for
about half its length; vibrissa? large, at oral margin;
palpi black, not swollen; proboscis ordinary, black;
bucca over one-fourth the eyeheight; inner verticals
long, outer about half as long; back of head with
about 3 series of black hairs, the inner irregular; the
pale beard sparse.

Thorax gray, when viewed from behind with 3
blackish stripes and a short narrow one each side; 3
ps dc ; no acrostichals except a small prescutellar pair :
scutellum with 2 long marginal pairs, 1 small subapi-
cal pair, and small erect crossed apical pair; 3 stpl.

Abdomen black, tessellated, not tapering; sec-
ond segment with a median marginal pair of bristles
and a lateral; third segment with a median, a subme-
dian, and tw o or three laterals ; fourth with a continu-
ous row of about 22.

Both segments of the hypopygium shining black,
with erect hairs which become almost bristle-like on
the hind margin of the first; genitalia as figured, shin-
ing black except at bases of the parts; fifth ventral
segment in the form of a pair of black lobes bearing
a stiff brush of spines, longer on the inner edge.

Legs black, middle femora without comb of
spines below ; hind tibia? with a few long, slender hairs
on inner front side.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 69

Wings nearly hyaline ; third and fifth costal seg-
ments about equal; costal spine distinct, third vein
with 5 or 6 bristles.

Female. Front .324 as wide as head (average of
five,— .311, .319, .322, .330, .338), with the usual two
pairs of orbital bristles; parafaciais with a row of
hairs above the small bristles ; outer vertical somewhat
larger; palpi slightly clavate. Apical crossed bristles
absent from scutellum. Abdomen convex, broad,
with bristles as in male; genital segment black, with
vertical slit guarded by a row of bristles.

Length, 5 to 9 mm.

Fifty-three specimens, both sexes; Mass., X. Y.,
Onatrio, Montreal, Pa., Ohio, Ind., X. D., Colo.,
Idaho.

Two males in U. S. N. M., from Sterling, Colo.,
bred from Melanoiilus diferentialis, ISio. 419 x04!,
emerged Aug. 6, 1900. They were labeled by Co-
quillett Sarcophaga aegra Walk.

Type. — In the Meigen collection in Paris.

I examined the type of Townsend's Sarcotachin-
ella intermedia^ now in the Snow collection at the Uni-
versity of Kansas; and hy the kindness of Professor
S. J. Hunter I was allowed to spread its genitalia,
thus removing the possibility of error.

In the collection of the Illinois State Laboratory
of Natural History at Urbana, I found this species
determined by Mr. Coquillett as aegra Walker ; otlier
references to aegra (N. J., Fla., and Kansas in local
lists) may have originated in the same way.

Bottcher states that an occasional specimen is
found with 4 post-sutural dorso-centrals ; in the 53
specimens mentioned, there are regularly 3 except on
one side in one specimen, where there are 4. This
would be less than 1 per cent of deviation.

Mr. Townsend has proposed the name Xenoppia
hypopijgialis new genus and species for the specimen
determined by Coquillett as Brachycoma intermedia
Tns. I have not seen it. Johnson's references to in-
termedia (supra) may refer to the latter species.

70 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

No. 22. Sarcophaga cockerellse n. sp.

Male. Front .221 as wide as head (average of
two, — .215 and .226) ; somewhat golden near vertex,
paler, almost silvery, below and on parafacials, rather
protuberant at insertion of antennee; 10 frontals in
row, diverging anteriorly; middle stripe much wider
than one paraf rontal ; a row of about 4 bristles below
near eye, the middle two large; antennae black, third
joint hardly twice the second and reaching three
fourths of the way to vibrissa, which are on the oral
margin, palpi and proboscis black, ordinary ; bucca al-
most half the eyeheight; back of head with 3 series of
black hairs, the pale beard not very abundant.

Thorax with the usual 3-5 black stripes, other-
wise light gray; anterior acrostichals well developed,
3 pairs; one pair prescutellars ; 3 ps dc, strong; scutel-
lum with 2 marginal, 1 subapical, 1 apical, the last
quite large.

Abdomen black with whitish tessellations; sec-
ond segment with a pair of median marginals, but
small and dej^ressed; third segment with a row of 10;
fourth with row of about 20.

Hypopygium black, shining, the first segment
but little visible; forceps wide, strongly divergent at
tips, which are excised in front to a clawlike tooth;
penis hooded, but the terminal member protruding in
front, divided at tip into several parts, the two lateral
of which are turned back.

Legs black, middle femora without combs; mid-
dle tibia? with 3 large bristles on outer front side;
hind tibias with sparse long villosity on both inner
and outer sides in front.

Wings subhyaline; costal segments 3 and 5
equal ; third vein with about 7 setules.

Female. Front .335 of head; paraf rontals and
parafacials more gray; scutellum without apical
bristles; second abdominal segment without median
marginals; genital segment black, opening in a ver-
tical slit which is guarded with small bristles.

Length of male, 8 mm. ; of female, 5 mm.

SARCOPIIAGA AND ALLIES 71

Two males, "Truchas Peak II, N. M., Aug. 4.
Above timber line. W. P. Cockerell." One female,
"Colo. 1582," from the Colo. Agri. College, in the
Hough collection.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20495, U. S. N. M.

Allotype. — Female, in Hough collection.

No. 23. Sarcophaga hinei n. sp.

More shining black than usual, hypopygium
small, second abdominal segment with a pair of me-
dian marginal macrochcetse.

Male. Front narrow, only .181 of the head in
width (average of five,— .169, .172, .171, .195, .196) ;
the parafrontals much narrower above than the me-
dian stripe, silver gray; parafacials of same color,
a row of hairs beginning near the last frontal and
continuing down to the facial impression, the lower
hairs coarse; lower frontals diverging; antenna black,
third joint hardly twice the second, reaching to three-
fourths the face, arista rather short-plumose for over
half its length; palpi and proboscis black; bucca one-
third the eyeheight, with black hairs except behind;
back of head with black hairs except about and below
the foramen.

Thorax whitish gray with the usual 3-5 black
stripes; acrostichal bristles not very distinct among
numerous erect hairs, one anterior pair and the pre-
scutellars recognizable; scutellum with the following
pairs; 2 marginal; 1 subapical (small), 1 apical of
moderate size. Stpl 3.

Abdomen rather shining, with gray-white pruin-
osity which is less changeable than usual, tending to
form stripes ; second segment with median marginals ;
third segment with a median pair and 5 each side
somewhat removed; fourth with the usual row of
about 16.

Hypopygium black, very small, the first segment
less than a third as wide as the middle of the abdomen,
with gray pruinosity and black hairs, no bristles ; sec-
ond segment sometimes more brown than black, shin-

72 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

ing, with long black hair ; forceps nearly straight and
with parallel front and hind edges, the tip with a min-
ute tooth at its middle; penis with distal part sub-
globose, rather hooded, mostly black.

Legs black; middle femur with comb below on
hind side, composed of rather long spines; mid tibia
with one small and one larger bristle on outer front
side; hind tibi^ with a little scattering villosity on
both sides in front, that on outer side quite short.

Wings subhyaline, third and fifth costal seg^
ments sub-equal, costal spine absent; third vein witli
7 setules.

Female. General color subshining black; front
.268 of head; scutellum without apicals, genital seg-
ment black, the opening rounded above and slitlike
below; a small costal spine present.

Length of males 6-81/4 mm. ; of females, 7 mm.

Six males, Cedar Point, Sandusky, Ohio, July 8,
1901 and June 8, 1902; one female, same place, June
30, 1900. All collected by Professor Jas. S. Hine,
for whom the species is named in recognition of his
long-continued and valuable service in dipterology.

Holotype and Allotype. — In Professor Hine's
collection.

Paratype.— Male, Xo. 20496, LT. S. N. M.

No. 24. Sarcophaga pulla n. sp.

Male. Front narrow, .155 of head; middle stripe
wider than either side; parafrontals and parafacials
silvery with a slight yellow tinge ; a row of small hairs
extend from lower part of parafrontals down to facial
impression, the last two or three rather coarse ; anten-
na black, reaching three-fourths of the way to oral
margin, second joint more than half as long as third;
arista long, and rather long-plumose for three-fifths
its length; frontals divergent anteriorly; vibrissie at
oral margin; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary;
bucca almost one-third the eyeheight, with black hair
except behind; back of head with black hair except

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 73

around and below the foramen ; outer vertical not dif -
ferentiated.

Thorax with the usual 3-5 black stripes ; no acres-
tichals except prescutellar ; 3 large ps dc; scutellum
with the usual pairs — 2 marginal, 1 small subapical, 1
rather small apical, the last crossed; stpl 3.

Abdomen black, with the usual tessellation; first
and second segments with only lateral bristles; third
with 1 pair median and 3 lateral; fourth with the
usual row of about 12.

Hypopygium black, the first segment of rather
moderate size, gray pruinose, and with a row of bristles
at apex; second segment subshining but somewhat
gray pruinose, with erect black hair ; forceps with par-
allel front and back surfaces in profile, the outer cor-
ner rounded at tip, the inner produced into a short,
oblique point ; penis apically with ti thin, bladelike me-
dian portion, and on the front side a pair of divergent
slender sharp processes.

Legs black, middle femur with both anterior and
posterior combs well developed on lower side ; middle
tibiaB with two smallish bristles on outer front side near
middle ; hind tibia? with rather sparse villosity spread-
ing both ways from the front side ; pulvilli large on all
the feet, brown; claws all long.

Wings subhyaline, costal segments 3 and ,5 sub-
equal; costal spine absent; about 10 setula? on third
vein.

Female unknown.

Length, 10 mm.

One male, Westmoreland Co., Pa., Carnegie Mu-
seum ace. 321.

Type. — In the Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh.

74 thomas say foundation

Group B.
Three postsutural dorsocentrals ; hind tibiie vil-
lous ; hypopygium more or less red.

Table of Species. — Males.

1. With a large proclinate orbital bristle (Louis-

iana) )

No. 6. Camptops unicolor n. sp.
Front without orbital bristle in male 2.

2. First vein hairy 12.
First vein bare 3.

3. Legs yellow (Georgia, Florida)

No. 25. tarsata n. sp.
Legs black 4. .

4. Hind femora on outer side with a median row or

part of a row of longer bristles than the up ■
per and lower rows; sternites 1-4 not suc-
cessively narrower 5.
Hind femora not with long bristles in a middle
series 8a.

5. Anterior acrostichals present 6.
Anterior acrostichals absent 8.

6. With an almost complete median row of bristles

on hind femur (widespread).

No. 28. cimhicis Townsend.
With only the distal end of the row present 7.

7. Accessory plate slender, finger-like (wide-

spread) No. 26. latisterna Varker.

Accessory plate long and wide, with a brush of
short hook-like spines on the posterior side
(Jamaica) No. 27. 2)arkeri n. sp.

8. With a complete median row of bristles on hind

femur (widespread)

No. 29. hisetosa Parker.
With only two bristles in the distal part of the
row (Porto Rico)

No. 30. taurus n. sp.
8a. Anterior acr well developed (California, New
Mexico, Idaho) No. 31. cessator n.s\^.
Ant acr not developed 9.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES VO

9. Anterior clasper slender, widened apically, the
tip excised to form a claw above (Georgia)
No. 32. sarracenioe Riley.
Anterior clas2)er not as described 10.

10. Hind tibi» with long and abundant villosity;

gray species ( Ohio )

No. 33. tetra n. sp.
Hind tibia? with only a few villous hairs; black
and silvery sj^ecies 11.

11. Hypopygium larger, forceps tapering gradual-

ly; penis with unusually large distal seg-
ments ( Massachusetts )

No. 34. idonea n. sp.
Hypopygium smaller, forceps more blunt ; penis
with small but globose distal segment ; fourth
abdominal segment with red hind border
( Maryland, Louisiana )

No. 35. si ma n. sp.

12. Tibia? yellow; parafacials bare (Louisiana)

No. 18. Sthenopyga glohosa n. sp.
Tibia? black ' 13.

13. Hind basitarsus wide and flat, with two project-

ing angles below (Cuba)

No. 36. ])ervilIosa n. sp.
Hind basitarsus normal (Bahamas)

No. 37. pervillosa var. inchoata n. var.

No. 25. Sarcophaga tarsata n. sp.

No. 25. Sarcophaga tarsata n. sp.

A medium-sized species with yellow femora and
tibife, and black antennae, palpi and tarsi.

Male. Front narrow, .149 of the head (average
of four, — .136, .147, .151, .161) ; parafrontals narrow
and subshining above, more silver-gray below, which
continues down the face; hairs of parafacials bristly
below, ascending in a delicate and decreasing row to
the middle of the front ; facial ridges with some minute
hairs extending nearly half-way to base of antennae;
vibrissfe at oral margin, antennae over three-fourths
the length of the face, third joint fully double the sec-

76 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

ond, arista long, plumose to about the middle ; bucca
one-fourth the eyeheight ; back of head with only black
hairs except around and below foramen; outer ver-
tical not differentiated.

Thorax rather shining, but showing the usual 3-5
black stripes ; anterior acrostichals numerous, about o
medium-sized pairs ; prescutellars rather large ; 3 large
ps dc; 3 stpl; pleurae rather shining, in part rather
brown than black ; scutellum with the usual bristles,—
2 marginal, 1 subapical (small), 1 apical (medium
and crossed ) .

Abdomen subshining, black, but the hind margins
of the segments at the sides and beneath more or less
bordered with red, and the fourth always at least one
third red ; first and second segments with only lateral
bristles; third with a median marginal pair widely
separated from the 3 or 4 marginals ; fourth with row
of about 14 marginal.

Legs yellow, including coxce but not the tarsi, the
latter almost black ; all the femora in most of the speci-
mens with a large dark spot on the front side near tip ;
middle femur with two rows of bristles beneath, hardly
forming combs distally; middle tibia with one small
and one large bristle on outer side near middle ; hind
femur with very sparse villosity on both sides in front,
only a few hairs; pulvilli large, especially the front
ones; base of front tarsus with some longer hairs be-
neath.

Wings rather smoky in color ; third and fifth cos-
tal segments about equal; costal spine distinct.

Length, 6-8 mm.

Four males: One Miami, Fla., Dec. 19, 1912,
on Persea flowers (collected by F. Knab, and belong-
ing to the National Museum) ; one with same label but
no data about the flower; one Tifton, Ga., Oct. 16,
1896, in the Hough collection; one from Crestview,
Fla., Oct. 15-16, 1914, in the collection of the Amer-
ican Museum of Natural History.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20497, U. S. N. M., the
first mentioned.

SARCOrilAGA ANJ) ALLIES 7/

No, 26. Sarcophaga latisterna Park.

Parker, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol 35, p. 67, 1914;
pi- 5, f- 35. and pi. 8, f. 49, male only (Bottcheria).

Mr. Parker has described the species so fully that
only the characters most essential for the recognition
of the species will be mentioned here.

A large elongated black gray-tessellated species ;
outer vertical absent; 3 pairs of anterior acrostichals ;
prescutellars quite absent or more rarely small and
hairlike; 3 ps dc; 3 stpl; scutellum with 3 or 4 mar-
ginal, the intermediate of these small; preapical arid
apical scutellars very slender and quite small. First
and second abdominal segments with only lateral
bristles ; third with a median pair, erect, and couple of
small, appressed ones between these and the laterals ;
fourth w^ith a marginal row of about 16.

Hypopygium red; first segment sometimes
darker basally, in profile A^ery convex near base and
rather straight near posterior end, somewhat pruinose
on the middle part, with a row of bristles across hind
margin; second segment red, globose, subshining; for-
ceps wide and short, black apically, the basal half or
more with strikingly long and dense tuft of black hair ;
accessory lobe slender, finger-like but bluntly pointed ;
penis strikingly long and complicated, seemingly with
a reduplication of the distal segment. Sternites
markedly widened from 1 to 4.

Hind femur with one entire row of bristles on
outer upper side, near tip with two or more partial
rows below this, some of which are very long, about
one-third the length of the femur.

Length; 8-13 mm.

Twenty-five males; Mass., Conn., X. V., Md.,
Ind., 111., Wis. The Maryland specimen is from Col-
lege Park, and the label states that the specimen was
bred from Pontia rapae, issued 'Ko\. 18, 1907, K. D.
Brown, coll.

The type locality is not mentioned by Parker ; he
had numerous specimens from all the New Kngland
States, as well as N. Y., N. T., Pa., and Minn.

78 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATIOX

For the female, see under cimhicis.
Type. — Male,, in Massachusetts Agricultural
College.

Paratype.— No. 18245, U. S. N. M.

No. 27. Sarcophaga parkeri n. sp.

Male. Front narrow, .133 of the head; sides and
face yellowish silvery ; paraf acials rather narrow, with
only a few perceptible hairs, on the lower part; an-
tenna? brown, third joint three times the second, yel-
low at basCj reaching four-fifths of the w^ay to the vi-
brissa?, which are at the oral margin ; arista very long,
long-plumose over half its length; facial ridges with
only a few hairs above the vibrissa; palpi and pro-
boscis black, ordinary; bucca one-fourth the eye-
height; back of head with dark hairs, only about the
foramen and below with yellowish beard; outer ver-
tical not differentiated.

Thorax (not very well preserved) with 3-5 black
stripes ; 3 ps dc ; 2 stpl ; anterior acr present ; scutellum
with 3 marginals (intermediate small), 1 very small
subapical, 1 small thin apical pair.

Abdomen (not well preserved) black, somewhat
red on end of fourth segment; bristles as in latisterna;
sternites 1-4 widening successively.

Hypopygium red; first segment globose behind,
the second attaching below rather than behind, with a
row of bristles on posterior margin; second segment
red, globose, hairy; forceps red except apex, short and
broad, with a notable tuft of black, crinkly hairs
crowded on a restricted area at base; the accessory
plate instead of being fingerlike as in allied forms is
fiat, rather long, rounded at tip, and bears a series of
little teeth, which appear normally to face the forceps,
— quite unlike any other species known to the writer.
Posterior claspers much longer and wider than the
anterior, not excised in front to form a claw at tip;
penis with a rather small distal median part turned
forward, and two much larger subdistal lateral lobes,
which extend much bevond tlie former and turn back

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 79

somewhat as in hketosa but smaller; the V-shaped
opening of the fifth sternite bears no padlike organs,
but instead a small, smooth, reddish tooth near the
base on each side.

Legs rather dark brown than black, the hind tibise
almost a dark yellow ; middle femora with comb ; mid-
dle tibia with a single bristle on outer front side below
middle; hind femur on outer side, besides the entire
upper row of bristles, Avith 3 long ones below^ them
near tip, and a few irregular along the lower edge be-
low these ; hind tibia with long villosity spreading both
ways ; hind trochanter with a small, compact group of
stubby spines, abovit six in a row, the femur attached
very obliquely.

Wing subhyaline; costal spine absent; third cos-
tal segment about equal to the fifth ; apical cell notably
wide open ; third vein with only half a dozen hairs.

Length about 10 mm.

One male: Jamaica, W. L, obtained by the
writer many years ago from Mr. Henry K. Klages.
The abdomen has been detached in spreading the geni-
talia, and the latter broken apart, but all are glued
on a paper attached to the pin.

Type.- -No. 20498, U. S, N. M.

Named in honor of Dr. Ralph R. Parker, who
has done excellent morphological and taxonomic work
in this group.

No. 28. Sarcophaga cimbicis Towns.

Townsend, Canad. Ent. xxiv, 1892, 126, male and fe-
male.
Parker, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. 35, p. yi, pi. v,
f. 36, and pi. viii, f. 47, male only {Bottchcria fcr-
naldi).
(Other references in literature between 1892 and 1914
are erroneous, the species having been misidentitied).
Male. Parker has described the male so fully
that only the more essential taxonomic characters are
given here. Outer vertical wanting; 3 ps dc; 3 stpl;
ant acr present, prs very fine and hairlike if present,
generally absent ; scutellum with 3 or 4 marginals, the

80 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

intermediate of these small ; subapical and apical pairs
of scutellum very thin and small. First and second
abdominal segments with only lateral bristles; third
with an irregular row; fourth with a row of about 18,
its hind margin sometimes red.

Hypopygium red, the first segment, however,
sometimes dark basally; it is pollinose in the middle
region, convex in profile near base, with a row of bris-
tles on hind margin; second segment red, subshining,
globose, without bristles; forceps short and wide,
basal half or more with tuft of very striking long,
black hair; accessory lobe finger-like, blunt; penis
complex and rather soft, so that it is shriveled in pre-
served specimens and difiicult to describe or figure
in detail ; anterior clasper with a small tooth at apex ;
fifth sternite near the base of the V with two pad-like
structures facing backward.

Hind femora with two entire rows of bristles on
outer side above the middle; the lower of these is in
some cases a little irregular, but bears the longest
bristles near the apex ; a third, lower, row is only part-
ly developed distally.

Female. As the characters separating latisterna
and cimhicis, thougli ample, are confined to the male
sex, the following notes on the female will apply to
both species, which at present do not appear to be
separable in the female sex.

The numerous specimens examined agree in hav-
ing no prescutellar bristles, well developed ant acr, 3
ps dc, an uncommonly long arista, changeable reflect-
ing spots alongside the base of antenna?, anterior cross-
vein bordered with brown, and apical cell rather wide-
ly open. The abdomen is black, with the hind edge of
the fourth segment sometimes a little red, bristles of
abdomen as in male; genital segment red (dull or-
ange of Parker), genital opening nearly circular,
fringed with hairs, with a distinct flat, red sternite be-
low.

Length of male, 8-12 mm.; of female, 6-10 nmi.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 81

Forty-eight males: Mass., N. Y., Pa., Ind., 111.,
Alab., Kans, Ida., Wash., Calif.

Sixty-five females: Mass., N. Y., Pa., Ind., 111.,
S. D., Ida., Wash., Cahf.

Type. — In University of Kansas.

The type locality is Brookings, S. D., the original
pair having been bred from Cimhex amencana, the
Willow Sawfly, by the writei-; date of emergence,
May 30 and June 2, the specimens having wintered in
the host or its cocoon. On account of the omission in
the original description of the villosity of the hind
tibiae, Mr. Coquillett, Mr. Parker and myself had all
come to a wrong conclusion regarding the identity of
the species, which I was enabled to rectify in Novem-
ber, 1914, by an examination of the types, and by
spreading the genitalia of the male.

Mr. Parker's material came from various states,
ranging from Maine to California and as far south as
Virginia.

Several abnormalities occur in the series of fe-
males, which make their allocation with the proper
males still more difficult. Several have two stpl while
provided with anterior acrostichals ; two have pre-
scutellars and no anterior acrostichals; one has only
two postsutural dorsocentrals, the hindmost one being
absent on both sides ; one has two stpl on one side and
three on the other. These deviations would nearly if
not quite include the female of hisetosa.

No. 29. Sarcophag-a bisetosa Park.

Parker, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., vol 35, p. 69, pi. v,
f. 34, and pi. viii, f. 48, male only (Bottclieria).
This species was separated from cimbicis by
Parker mainly by the characters given in the table, —
absence of anterior acrostichals and only two sterno-
pleurals. Beyond these the differences are mainly
genitalic; they are slight except in the shape and size
of the penis. This organ in bisetosa is large, elbowed
behind, and the lateral distal lobes turn back at a very
unusual angle, and are much larger than in cimbicis.

82 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

The accessory plates are red to the tip and have
coarser hah's; the posterior claspers are stouter, and
have a deeper and shorter emargination to form the
terminal claw ; the anterior claspers are more rounded
at tip, then in cimbicis.

Three males : Greene Co., N. Y., Carnegie Mu-
seum; and Pittsburgh, Pa., May 9 and 17, 1891, in
the author's collection.

Type. — In the Massachusetts Agricultural Col-
lege.

The females might be expected to separate by
the characters given in the table ; but as I have shown
under cimhicis these characters are not regularly co-
ordinated in this sex; it remains therefore uncertain
whether the group of females there mentioned may
not contain a representation of this species.

Parker's 15 males were from Mass., Vt., and
N. Y.

No. 30. Sarcophaga taurus n. sp.

Male. Front, .163 of head (average of two, —
.153 and 173). Parafrontals and parafacials golden
pollinose; frontal stripe black; frontal bristles about
14, rapidly diverging below, reaching fully to the mid-
dle of the second antennal joint; parafacials Math al-
most no hairs of perceptible size; those that exist are
yellow; antenna? black, rather elongated, third joint
fully three times the second, reaching five-sixths of
the way to the vibrissae, which are at the oral margin.
Arista uncommonly long, with long plumosity for
three-fifths of its length; middle of face yellow polli-
nose; facialia bare, a little deeper yellow than the
face; palpi black, proboscis short and black; bucca
about one fifth the eyeheight; back of head with about
three rows of black hairs and numerous pale ones to-
ward the center and below; posterior orbit of the eye
golden pollinose; outer vertical bristles absent; ocel-
lars small.

Thorax whitish pollinose with 3 to 5 black stripes ;
ps dc 3; ant acr none; prsc almost none; stpl 3; scutel-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 83

luni with 3 pairs of marginals, one pair a little be-
hind the center of the disk; apical hardly more than
hairs. Abdomen whitish pollinose, tessellated, with
three changeable indistinct stripes; first and second
segments each with lateral bristles; the third with a
single marginal pair and one lateral; fourth with a
marginal row of about ten.

Hypopygium : First segment with a pronounced
hump beyond the middle ; red except before the hump,
where the black color extends down the side only
about half way ; hind edge with an interrupted row of
about 8 smallish bristles; second segment red, rather
short, subshining; forceps reddish yellow, of compli-
cated shape; on the posterior side, just at the begin-
ning of the free part, is a long curved and twisted
process suggesting to the writer the horns of a bull,
from which the name is derived. The remainder of
the free part is rather straight with a black point ; the
attached part bears a sharp median keel, at the base
of which, just below the anus, there is a striking tuft
of lonsc black hairs directed straight backward ; acces-
sory plate yellow, long, widened near the tip, bearing
on the outer front side a dense row of stiff black hairs ;
posterior claspers yellow, small, with a sharp rather
twisted point; anterior claspers yellow, very low and
blunt; penis with very short and obscure basal seg-
ment, distal one narrow, for some distance, becoming
black toward the end, bearing a large pair of complex,
diverging and somewhat fleshy processes on the front
side, and apically a black rounded median somewhat
hooded structure which has a considerable angle pos-
teriorly; fifth sternite reddish and rather broad at
base, with a wide excision, beyond which the sides nar-
row together again in black curved points bearing
brushes. At the base of the point of each side there
is a small, sharp, black peg-like process.

Legs black; all femora short, stout and covered
with a grayish dust ; middle femur without comb ; mid-
dle tibia on outer front side with a single bristle be-
low the middle ; hind femur without any bristles in the

84 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

lower row on the outer side and with two long ones
in the middle row near the tip; the upper row is prac-
tically complete. Both middle and hind tibia? have
erect villosity which is especially long and striking on
the hind ones.

Wings hyaline, no costal spines; third segment
of costa slightly longer than fifth; first vein bare;
third with a few hairs at base; anterior crossvein
slightly clouded.

Length 14 mm.

Two males: Naguabo, Porto Rico, Mar. 7-9,
1914. (Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist.).

Holotype. — Male, in American Museum of Nat-
ural History.

Paratype.— Male, No. 20499, U. S. N. M.

No. 31. Sarcophaga cessator n. sp.

Male. Front, .192 of head (average of four, —
.181, .183, .187, .217) ; frontal stripe with whitish re-
flection, wider than side ; paraf rontals and paraf acials
silvery with a slight yellow tinge, with changeable
spots near base of antemicT?; paraf acials with row of
slender rather long hairs next to eye; antenna? dark
brown, reaching fully three-fourths of the distance to
vibrissa?, the third joint 2l/^ times as long as second;
arista of medium length, plumose to the middle; vi-
brissa? at oral margin ; small hairs ascending the facial
ridges half way to base of antenna?; palpi long, slen-
der, black ; proboscis very short, black ; bucca over one-
third the eyeheight; occiput with three series of black
hairs behind the eye; beard rather abundant, white;
outer vertical bristle not differentiated.

Thorax with .5-7 stripes when viewed from be-
hind, the two intermediate pollinose stripes usually
present being in tliis case divided each by a narrow
black stripe; three pairs of anterior acrostichals, pre-
scutellars large ; 3 ps dc ; 3 stpl ; scutellum with 2 large
marginal, 1 small suba^^ical, and 1 small apical.

Abdomen black, strongly tessellated with gray
pollen, still there are indications of three dark stripes

SARCOPHAGx\ AND ALLIES 85

which are quite persistent in different angles of view ;
segments 1, 2, and 3, with only lateral bristles, or at
most the third with a very small, depressed pair, hard-
ly noticeable; fourth segment with a row of about 14.

Hypopygium rather large ; first segment reddish
brown, somewhat pruinose, with a row of stout, small
bristles at hind margin; second segment globose, red,
a little pruinose behind, not bristly; forceps slender,
tapering, gently curved forward at apex, red for more
than half their length ; penis ending in two divergent
black, curved, shining processes, each of which divides
distally into three points; middle part of penis shin-
ing black, broad, with two lateral lobes and two cen-
tral ones that bear numerous minute teeth pointing
forward; posterior claspers longer than front one.

Legs black ; middle femur with a short comb behind
and below at tip, consisting of only half a dozen blunt
spines; middle tibia with two bristles on outer front
side near middle; hind tibia with moderate villosity
spreading both ways; pulvilli and claws elongated;
anterior tarsi with some longer hairs underneath at
base.

Wings hyaline, third costal segment longer than
fifth; no costal spine; third vein with about 8 hairs.

Female not known.

Length 9-11 mm.
Four males: Two are from Pine Lake, Calif., col-
lected by Johnson, and sent the author by Professor
C. F. Baker; one Moscow, Idaho, collected by the
author; the remaining one from Bernalillo Co., N. M.,
collected by B. Brown, now in the Hough collection.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20500, in \J. S. N. M.,
from Pine Lake, Calif.

The absence of the median marginals on the third
segment is a cliaracter which will probably aid in con-
necting the females with this species.

86 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

No. 32. Sarcophaga sarracenise Riley.

Riley, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, iii, 238. South Caro-
lina, larvae living in the cups of Sarracenia variolaris
and flava, feeding upon the decomposing insects
therein.
[For other references to sarracenia in literatrue, see So.r
cophaga sarracenioides and sternodontis.]

Male, Front rather wide, .208 of head (average
of five,— .186, 208, .214, .215, .216).

A little narrowed between the ocelli, where the
median stripe is about three times as wide as one side ;
pollen of front and face yellowish silvery; facial im-
pression red in ground color, which color extends in
one specimen up and down the face; some distinct
bristles and hairs in a row on paraf acial ; antennae red-
dish brown, third joint fully twice the second, and
reaching three-fourths of the distance to the vibrissfe,
which are at the oral margin; arista of usual length
and plumosity; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary;
bucca one-third the eyeheight ; back of head with three
series of black hairs behind the eye, and rather con-
spicuous pale beard; outer vertical bristle not differ-
entiated.

Thorax with 5-7 black stripes, the usual inter-
mediate pollinose stripes being narrowly divided with
black, when viewed from behind ; ps dc 4, but the sec-
ond one from the suture sometimes reduced somewhat,
giving the appearance of only 3 ; 3 large stpl ; scutel-
lum with 2 marginal, 1 small subapical, 1 rather large
decussate apical pair.

Abdomen wholly gray, tessellated, the latter
segments more sprinkled in the tessellation than
usual; first segment only with lateral bristles, second
with a pair of half-erect, rather large bristles,
generally with only depressed and rather small ones;
third segment with a subinterrupted row ; fourth with
a row of about 16, and its hind part more or less red-
dish.

Hypopygium red, rather large; first segment
with pollinose hind edge and middle portion, not

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 87

bristly; second segment globose, shining, hairy but
not with bristles ; forceps stout, tapering on the outer
side, the tip prolonged in an oblique tooth inwardly,
anterior lateral edge with a few teeth; penis with a
well-developed stalk, distal segment globose with a
median terminal part curved forward between two
lateral members which curve back; anterior clasper
flattened toward tip, where it is distally expanded and
notched below a claw; fifth sternite V-shaped, the
arms almost concealed, bearing only delicate yellow
pubescence.

Legs black; middle femur with well-developed
rows of bristles below, forming combs on apical half,
especially behind; middle tibia with two bristles on
outer front side, and on inner with slight, short vil-
losity beyond the middle ; hind femur with three well-
developed rows of bristles ; hind tibije with long, rather
dense villosity spreading both ways; pulvilli long,
brown.

Wings subhyaline; no costal spine; third costal
segment rather longer than fifth; third vein bristly
almost to crossvein.

Female. Front, .305 of head (average of five, — ■
.290, .301, .306, .310, .317) ; three or four distinct
bristles near the eye on the lower part of parafacial,
from which a row of hairs extends up to the orbitals
(also present in the male, but more delicate) ; outer
vertical half as large as inner. Fourth abdominal seg-
ment sometimes narrowly margined with red at tip;
fifth and following segments yellowish-red, retracted
and without any striking features.

Length, 8 to 12 mm.

Six males and four females, Summerville, South
Carolina, reared from larvfe in cups of Sarracenia
flava and minor by F. M. Jones. One of these males
with spread genitalia has been compared by Dr. C.
H. T. Townsend with the holotype male (now spread
by Dr. Townsend) in the National Museum, and is so
labeled.

88 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Two males and three females, Theodore, Ala-
bama, reared from larva? in cups of Sarracenia driim-
mondi by F. M. Jones.

Two males, Tifton, Georgia, in the Hough col-
lection.

Holotype.— Male, in U. S. N. M.

The male standing in the National Museum as
holotype of sarracenicc is so exceedingly like the spe-
cies herein designated as sarraccmoides n. sp. that I
took it for the latter when examining it in 1914, deem-
ing it unwise to risk the damage of spreading its geni-
talia. Dr. Parker, who was in Washington at the time
shared this view. Hence we both perpetuated for the
time the error made very early by Riley, of failing to
separate sarracenioides. Only when I received Mr.
Jones's Sarracenia rearings and spread them did I
discover the probability that sarraceniae had been
misidentified almost from the time of its description.
This discovery was confirmed by Dr. Townsend, who
spread the holotype at my request and compared it
with spread specimens from Mr. Jones's rearings and
of what had been called sarraceniae , now separated as
sarracenioides. The true sarraceniae has never been
reared from anything but the cups of Sarracenia,
while sarracenioides is a common scavenger and ap-
parently a grasshopper parasite.

Riley's original material comprised several speci-
mens, fortunately still preserved though not with the
holotype; among these are specimens of rileyi and
J07iesi. Mr. Jones has reared from the cups of Serra-
cenia the following species of Sarcophaga: sarra-
ceniae, rilejii, jonesi, celarata. fletcheri, and a variety
of uiilis. The last may with the study of more ma-
terial prove a distinct species ; it is the only apparent
exception to the statement that not one of the species
in the list is known to have any other larval habit than
that of living in Sarracenia cups, and the rule will
hold good throughout if this shall prove to be a dis-
tinct species.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 89

As in this small series of forms there is consider-
able variation in the group characters, especiallj?^ in
the numljer of ps dc and the color of the hypopygium,
I give a table for the separation of all the species that
have been reared from Sarracenia.

Table of Sarcophagas reared from Sarracenia.
Males only.

1. Hind tibia with long, erect villosity

sarraceniae Riley.
Hind tibia without villosity 2.

2. Scutellum with a small pair of decussate

(crossed) bristles at the apex. 3.

Scutellum without such bristles, or if rather
coarse hairs are present they are divergent.

fletcheri n. sp.

3. Middle femur with a short comb of stubby, thick-

ened bristles on hind lower edge near tip;
palpi black 4.

Middle femur with only ordinary bristles in this
series; palpi yellow apically

utilis Aid., var.

4. Penis with deep, cup-like concavity in front, in

which no copulatory tube is visible

rileyi n. sp.
Penis with obvious copulatory tube projecting
from front side 5.

5. Free part of accessory plate long, finger-like,

divergent celarata n. sp.

Free part of accessory plate flat but somewhat
slender jonesi n. sp.

No. 33. Sarcophag-a tetra n, sp.

Male. So nearly like sarraceniae that it will
suffice to point out the differences. Front narrower,
.159 of head; three distinct ps dc, the anterior large
and well spaced with the others ; first segment of hypo-
pygium black, with small bristles at apex ; forceps not
so heavy in profile and not toothed on front edge;
penis seemingly more oi)ened out to the front; both

90 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

claspers heavier and blunter; the anterior flat instead
of compressed at tip.

Female (on same pin). Front, .308 of head, or-
bitals normal ; several of the facial bristles stout ; outer
vertical well developed; no acr. except prescutellar
pair; distinctly with three ps dc; three stout stpl;
scutellum with two marginal, one stout subapical, no
apical ; abdomen with no median marginals on second
segment; genital segment red, the opening slit-like,
with bristles; middle femur with rows of bristles be-
low, dwindling toward tip and not forming combs;
three increasing bristles on outer front side of middle
tibia.

Length of male 11 nmi. ; of female 10 m.

One male, one female, on same pin, Columbus,
Ohio, no date, in the Hough collection.

Holotype and Allotype. — In the Hough collec-
tion.

No. 34. Sarcophaga idonea n. sp.

Male. Exceedingly like sima, but with a some-
what different hypopygium. This is larger, the first
segment shining red, dark at base, with an interrupted
row of stout bristles at posterior margin ; second seg-
ment shining red, globose; forceps stout and rather
long, with a gradual taper from behind and slightly
bent forward, red except less than half the free part,
ending in an incurved tooth ; penis composed of similar
parts to those of simaj but much larger, in profile not
much smaller than second segment of hypopygium;
on each side at the beginning of the distal segment
there is a small white plume, like a little downy
feather. The figures show the differences. 3 ps dc;
3 stpl.

Length 10 mm.

Two males, New Bedford, Mass.; one collected
May 17, 1896, the other marked "July." Both in
Hough collection. Front, .162 and .165.

Holotype. — Male, in the Hough collection.

Paratype.Male, No. 20501, in U. S. N. M.

SARCOPIIAGA AND xVLIJES 91

No. 35. Sarcophaga sima n. sp.

Male. Front narrow, .148 of head; pollen of
front and face white or somewhat plumbeous, without
yellow tinge, somewhat changeable about the diverg-
ent lower frontals; parafrontals much narrower than
middle stripe; parafacials with the usual row of hairs
below close to eye, the lower ones bristle-like ; antennae
black, the third joint somewhat reddish at base, not
twice as long as second, reaching about two-thirds of
the way to the vibriss.'e, which are on the oral margin ;
arista of usual length and plumosity ; some small erect
hairs on facial ridges, reaching half way to base of an-
tennae ; palpi and proboscis black, the latter very short ;
bucca not quite one-third the eyeheight ; back of head
with three rows of black hairs, beard yellowish, not
very abundant ; outer vertical not differentiated.

Thorax subshining black with white pollen, which
leaves the usual 3-5 black stripes; 3 ps dc; 3 stpl; no
ant acr ; a pair of distinct prescutellars ; scutellum with
2 marginal, 2 subapical (one evidently abnormal as it
does not occur in the paratype male), and one large
pair of apicals.

Abdomen subshining black, with silvery change-
able pollen ; fourth segment red on hind margin ; first
and second segments with only lateral bristles; third
with a pair of median marginals, widely separated
from the laterals; fourth with row of about 14.

Hypopygium red, the first segment somewhat
brownish, with subinterrupted row of small bristles at
hind margin; second segment red, globose, not large;
forceps rather short and stout, curved gently forward,
tapering sharply on the hind side to a slight tooth on
the inner edge; penis rather small, its stalk black be-
hind, whitish and swollen in front ; distal segment with
a claw bent closely forward over a compact central
part ; both claspers stout and dark brown.

Wings hyaline; a small costal spine; third costal
segment a little longer than fifth; third vein bristly
almost to the crossvein.

92 THOMAS SAY FOUXDATIOX

Legs black; middle femur with well-developed
comb of spines below apically, the anterior row, how-
ever, more slender and slanting ; middle tibia with two
bristles (one small) on outer front side ; hind tibia with
sparse villosity consisting of only a few erect long
hairs, spreading both ways ; pulvilli very large, brown.

Female (on same pin). Front .28 of head, with
usual orbitals; lateral vertical well developed; ps dc 3,
with a doubtful looking hair behind the anterior one ;
scutellum with 2 marginal and 1 subapical; third ab-
dominal segment with median marginal pair and a
smaller inters al than in the male each side ; fourth ab-
dominal segment witli red tip as in male ; genital seg-
ment red, the opening somewhat rounded; middle fe-
mur not with combs, the rows of bristles dwindling
toward apex.

Length of male 8l/), of female 8 mm.

Two males and two females; the holotype male
and allotype female (on same pin), Plummer's Id.,
Md., June 21, 1908, F. Knab, in the National Mu-
seum ; one male and one female, paratypes, Opelousas,
La., March and May, 1897, in tlie Hough collection.

Holotype.— Male, No. 2i).502, LT. S. N. M.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20502, LT. S. N. M.

No. 36. Sarcophaga pervillosa n. sp.

A silvery tropical species with entirely red for-
ceps, first vein hairy.

Male. Front wide, .2.56 of head (average of
three, — .243, .261, .265) ; parafrontals about as wide
as middle stripe, very silvery ; paraf acials concolorous,
wide, with a row of slender hairs which become more
scattered above; frontals 9, the usual two or three di-
verging ones absent, so that the row ends at the first
fourth of the second antennal segment ; the lowest pair
only slightly divergent; vibrissfe distinctly above the
edge of the mouth, the epistome, however, making a
square angle, not rising obliquely; above the vibrisScT
some bushy hairs, merging into a row that extend half
way to base of antennae; antenna? strikingly slender.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 93

black, the third joint brown, less than double the
length of the second, reaching three-fourths of the way
to the vibrissa}; arista long, plumose for two-thirds of
its length ; palpi brown or yellowish-brown ; proboscis
black, normal; under side of head in profile straight
and square, longer than usual; bucca almost equal to
half the eyeheight; back of head with two rows of
black hairs behind the eye, white beard rather abund-
ant below, outer vertical present.

Thorax with almost silvery pollen, the usual 3-5
black stripes distinct from behind, brown from front;
no acr except a very small prescutellar pair ; 3 ps dc ;
3 stpl; scutellum with no apicals, but with an addi-
tional pair of marginals between the usual two; sub-
apicals very small.

Abdomen with silvery tessellation on ground
color changing from black at base to red at apex ; first
and second segments with only lateral bristles; third
with a median pair and laterals ; fourth almost wholly
red, with a row of a})out 20 marginals, partly double.

Hypopygium red, first segment a little pruinose
on the middle, without bristles; second shining, with
erect hair; forceps entirely red, tipped back and
knobbed at apex, laterally with conspicuous, long,
laterally-directed hair; behind the penis a median red
process; penis with black, gibbose distal portion, a
pair of flat, sharp processes projecting forward; pos-
terior clasper with a strikingly long hair on front side.

Legs black, all the femora below and tibia^ on
inner side villous ; middle femora without comb ; mid-
dle tibia with one long bristle below middle on outer
front side, and very long, dense, spreading villosity on
inner side; hind coxa with dense brush of short spines
on inner surface distally; hind femur thickened and
much curved, villosity especially dense near base ; hind
tibia with a few large bristles behind, and dense villos-
ity on inner side; hind basitarsus short and flat, with
two projections below; the following joint with one
similar but smaller one; middle basitarsus villous be-
low; all pulvilli enlarged.

94 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Wings hyaline, first vein hairy, third with half a
dozen hairs; third costal segment ahout equal to the
fifth ; no costal spine.

Female not represented.

Length, 10-12 mm.

Four males : Two labeled Cabanas, P. R., Cuba,
Sept. ,5-8, 1913, Amer, Mus, Nat. Hist. ; the other two
from Havana, Cuba, Baker coll., in the collection of
the author.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20503, U. S. N. M., from
Havana.

No. 37. Sarcophaga pervillosa var. inchoata n. var.

Differs from the male of pcrviUosa only in having
the hind tarsi plain, and the hind femora somewhat
less robust and curved ; hypopygium identical.

Female. Abdomen black except the fourth seg-
ment, which is red except narrowly at base; middle
tibia with two large bristles on outer front side.

Two males and a female, Nassau, Bahamas, Dec.
14, 1912, in the National Museum (Frederick Knab,
coll.). The size seems to be a little smaller, 8 and
9 mm. for the males.

The front in the female is .321 of the head, in one
male is .244; the head of the other male is slightly
damaged on one side and could not be accurately meas-
ured.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20504, U. S. N. M.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20504, U. S. N. M.

Group C.
Three postsutural dorsocentrals ; hind tibiae not
villous; hypopygium black.

Table of Species. — Males.

1. First vein hairy 12.
First vein bare 2.

2. Male with wide front and two orbital bristles on

each side, the posterior one reclinate 10.

Male without orbitals 3.

SAllCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 95

3. Frontals not extending below base of antennae;

arista short-plumose (Massachusetts, Penn-
sylvania, New Jersey)

No. 12. Harbeckia iessellata n. sp.
Frontals extending below base of antennae 4.

4. Anterior acrostichals wanting 5.
Anterior acrostichals large 6.

5. With the usual row of small hairs on lower para-

facial; second abdominal segment usually
with a pair of median marginals; second
segment of hypopygium shining black
(Manitoba)

No. 38. ftetcheri n. sp.
With a single macrochata on lower parafacial;
hypopygium large; second abdominal with-
out median marginals (Georgia, Louisiana,
Texas, New Jersey)

No. 10. Camptopyga aristata n. sp.

6. Arista short-plumose ; hypopygium large (wide-

spread) No. 11. Agria afflnis I'allen.

Arista as usual, hypopygium small. 7.

7. Second segment of hypopygium shining; palpi

black; forceps short, stout, black (Califor-
nia No. 39. davidsoni Coq.

Second segment opaque; palpi black; forceps
yellow, slender, strongly curved (New
Hampshire, Ohio)

No. 40. atlanis n. sp.

Second segment opaque; palpi yellow; forceps
slender, largely yellow 8.

8. Forceps with a protuberance on the attached

part, on which is a striking tuft of long,
straight black hair, which is invisible in re-
pose (widespread)

No. 41. liunteri Hough
Forceps not with such tufts 9.

96 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

9. Distal segment of the penis very slender for half
its length (Ohio)

No. 42. spatulata n. sp.
Distal segment thickened from its base
(widespread, see Group D)

No. 48. opifera Coquillett.

10. Bucca strongly produced behind in a lobe, sep-

arated by a deep furrow from the rest of the
head 11.

Bucca not so produced (Florida to South Amer-
ica)

No. 9. Sarcophagula occidua Fabr.

11. Front tibije and tarsi with fringe of short, erect

hairs on outer and upper side (Florida to
South America)

No. 7. S arothromyia femoralis Schiner.
Front tibiffi and tarsi plain (Florida)

No. 8. SarofJiromi/ia femoralis var.
simpIccV n. var.

12. Second abdominal segment with erect median

marginal bristles 13.

Second abdominal not with such bristles 14.

13. Distal segment of penis full and globular, fiat

behind (widespread)

No. 43. melampyga n. sp.
Distal segment with hollow sides and a keel be-
hind (Florida)

No. 44. melampyga var. alata n. var.

14. Forceps at tip with a barb beliind, like a crochet-

hook (West Indies)

No. 45. chaetopjigialis Williston.
Forceps uniformly tapering at tip (Guatemala)

No. 46. alhisigmim n. sp.

No. 38. Sarcophaga fletcheri n. sp.

Male, Front rather wide, .236 of head (average
of two, — .223 and .248) ; 9 frontals, reaching to mid-
dle of second antennal joint, and diverging strongly
at lower end of row ; front and face with gray lustrous
pollen, tinged slightly with yellow; the row of para-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 97

facial hairs includes only a few, scattering, not large ;
antenna; reddish-brown, third joint one and two-
thirds times as long as second, and reaching five-
sixths of the way to the vibrissa, which are at the oral
margin; arista as usual; bucca one-third the eye-
height; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary; back of
head convex, with three rows of black hairs and only
a little pale beard; outer vertical not differentiated.

Thorax gray, the usual 3-5 black stripes; 3 ps
dc ; 3 stpl ; no anterior acrostichals ; prescutellar a very
feeble pair; scutellum with two large marginals, the
subapical pair minute or absent, apical absent or rep-
resented by a pair of divergent hairs.

Abdomen gray, rather loag and cylindrical, with
tessellated pattern; a distinct median black stripe on
the first three segments, accompanied by changeable
indications of one on each side; ground color of ab-
domen largely reddish, especially below; first seg-
ment with only lateral bristles ; second and third each
with a large, erect median marginal pair; fourth with
a marginal row of 10.

Hypopygium rather small; first segment black,
opaque pollinose, with a row of small bristles; second
usually shining black, but in some specimens more
brown, rarely reddish brown; without conspicuous
hairs; forceps black, rather bare, short and at base
wide, diverging and near tips again converging, in
profile straight with a short turn forward at the
point; accessory plate small; posterior clasper small,
black, pointed; anterior clasper in profile short and
straight, rounded at tip, not hooked, — viewed from
behind it is very wide, the end emarginate, and all
shining black; penis very short and broad, basal seg-
ment not visible, the distal bearing on each side at tip
a flap turned forward like an ear; fifth sternite con-
spicuous with a linear fissure (not V-shaped as
usual) ; on each side of the fissure behind is a small
black hoodlike point.

98 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Legs black; middle femur with distinct comb
behind on lower side near tip; middle tibia with two
bristles on outer front side ; hind tibiae not villous.

Wings hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment about three fourths as long as the fifth ; first vein
bare; third with several bristles.

Female. Eleven females reared with Mr. Jones's
males belong without much doubt here. Eight of
them have the large, erect macrochast^e on the margin
of the second segment, as in the males ; in three these
are small or absent. The genital segments are red in
all, except the deeply emarginate fifth sternite, which
is black in most. Aside from the presence of the bris-
tles on the second segment, I see no characters to dis-
tinguish these females from those of rileyi, jonesi, and
celai'ata.

Length about 6^/^ mm.

Eight males and eleven females. Two males are
from Aweme, Manitoba, June 19, 1903, collected by
James Fletcher and bearing his manuscript labels.
Y'we males and all the females were reared by F. M.
Jones from larvae in cups of Sarracenia ininor, rubra,
and purpurea, at Southern Pines, N. C, emerging
throughout August, 1916. One male, Tuckerton, N.
J., reared by Mr. Jones from Sarracenia pupurea.
One North Carolina male and three females lack the
median marginal bristles on the second abdominal
segment

For a list and table of Sarcophagas reared from
Sarracenia, see under sai'raceniae.

Named in honor of James Fletcher, whose
charming personality and vigorous pioneering work
in Canadian entomology are vividly remembered

Holotype.— Male,'No. 20505^ in the U. S. Na-
tional Museum, Tuckerton, N. J., reared by F. M.
Jones from Sarracenia purpura^ Aug. 20, 191G.

Allotype. — Female, No. 20505, LT. S. National
Museum, reared by F. M. Jones from Sarracenia
rubra, Aug. 26.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 99

No. 39. Sarcophaga davidsoni Coq.

Coquillett, Insect Life, v. 24, 1892.

Davidson, ibid., vi, 268, 1893, notes on parasitism.

Male. Front of medium width, .195 of head
(average of three, — .190, .193, .201); middle stripe
fully three times as wide as one side at the narrowest ;
parafrontal and parafacial silvery, the latter with the
usual row of hairs, coarse below; frontals 10, the lower
sharply diverging, as low as first third of the second
antennal joint; antenna blackish, third joint less tlian
twice as long as the second, but reaching three-fourths
of the distance to the vibrissfe, the latter just above
the oral margin ; arista long-plumose for over half its
length; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary; bucca
one-fourth the eyeheight; back of head with three
rows of black hairs, the pale beard scanty; outer ver-
tical bristle not differentiated.

Thorax blackish, from behind appearing gray
with three black stripes ; 3 ps dc ; 3 stpl ; 2 large pairs
of ant acr; prescutellar rather large; scutellum with
two large marginal, one smallish subapical, and one
rather long apical pair.

Abdomen black, from behind showing three
changeable black stripes on silvery pollinose ground;
the middle stripe rather constant; second segment
with more or less of a row of depressed large hairs at
margin, sometimes simulating bristles ; third segment
with a row of 12 erect stout bristles, fourth with a row
of about twenty.

Hypopygium minute; first segment subopaque,
with some small bristles at tip ; second shining black,
with coarse erect hairs; forceps short, stout, straight,
black, with a terminal tooth almost on inner edge;
accessory plate oval ; both claspers much alike, taper-
ing, with curved tips ; penis with distinct swollen basal
segment, distal one black, shining behind, almost egg-
shaped, in front with a pair of yellow protruding
points and a pair of flat black processes ; fifth sternite
V-shaped, the inner edge fringed with black hairs.

100 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Legs black ; middle femur with two rows of bris-
tles below but no combs ; middle tibia with one bristle
on outer front side ; hind tibia not villous.

Wings hyaline ; no costal spine ; third costal seg-
ment equals fifth; first vein bare, third hairy almost
to crossvein.

Female. Front .285 of head (average of two, —
.265 and .304), with the usual two orbitals; outer ver-
tical bristle large; lower facial hairs rather bristle-
like ; scutellum without apicals ; genital segment black,
with slit-like orifice; middle femur with lowxr rows of
bristles very feebly developed; middle tibia with two
bristles on outer front side.

Length; 5I/2 mm.

Six males, two females; one pair from Los An-
geles, Cal.; sent by Dr. Anstmther Davidson, reared
by him from a nest of Epeira argentata lutatius, the
nest accompanying the material ; one female, Moscow,
Idaho, June 19, 1910, which has been compared with
the type material of the species in the National Mu-
seum, and is so labeled; one male. Midland, Texas,
Nov. 12, 1914 (Bishopp No. 3983, adult on fresh cow
manure) ; one male, Havana, Cuba, collected by C. F.
Baker; two males in the Hough collection without lo-
cality, one marked June 22.

Originally described from two male specimens
bred by Dr. Anstruther Davidson from nest of Plii-
dipinis opifex McC. at Los Angeles ; in the reference
given abo\e, Dr. Davidson mentions rearing other
material, including what I have seen from him.

Holotype.— Male, in U. S. N. M.

No. 40. Sarcophaga atlanis n. sp.

Male. Front rather narrow, .144 of head (aver-
age of three,— .133, .143, .155) ; frontal stripe at
least twice as wide as one side; frontal bristles more
numerous than usual, 11 to 13 in number; strongly
divergent below, reaching below the middle of the
second antennal joint. Parafrontals and parafacials
shining gray pollinose, the latter with a row of coarse

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 101

hairs or bristles. Antennjc black; third joint slender,
twice as long as second, reaching four-fifths of the
way to the vibrissiu; arista plumose as usual; vibrisste
at oral margin, a few hairs above them on facial
ridge. Pal])i and ])roboscis black, ordinary. Bucca
one-third of eyeheight. Back of head with three rows
of black hairs behind the eye and abundant but not
very long whitish beard. Outer vertical bristles ab-
sent.

Thorax gray pollinose when viewed from behind
with 3-5 black stri])es; 3 ps dc and 2 pairs large ant
acr; 1 large prsc; 3 stpl; on scutellum there are two
marginals, one preapical and one apical.

Abdomen gray ])ollin()se with tlu'ce stripes, the
median one being quite constant, the lateral ones
changeable; first segment with only lateral bristles;
the second segment witli a small pair of median mar-
ginal bristles; the third segment with a large pair of
median marginal bristles and five laterals; the fourth
segment with a row of about 16.

Hypopygiimi : first segment rather small, brown
pollinose, with a row of six or eight small bristles near
the apex; second segment small, reddish brown, sub-
shining, without c()nsj)icuous hairs or bristles. For-
ceps slender, yellow, not divergent, strongly hooked
forward and blackened at apex. Accessory plate short
but with an acute tip. Posterior clasper slender,
strongly hooked. Anterior clasper much stouter and
shorter, broad at apex; penis with rather long basal
segment, the distal one shining black, bent forward at
an angle; its flat posterior part expanded a])ically into
two lateral lobes, the median part black, com])rcssed;
fifth sternite with V-shaped opening bearing a few
hairs and delicate pubescence.

Legs black; middle femur with short, well de-
veloped comb on hind side below; middle tibia with
two bristles on outer front side; hind tibia without vil-
lositv.

102 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Wing siibhyaline ; no costal spine; third costal
segment shorter than fifth ; first vein bare ; third vein
hairy half way to crossvein.

Female. Front .274 of head. The usual two
orbital bristles; third antennal joint less slender than
in the males. General color more grayish. Outer
vertical bristles present. No apical bristles on scutel-
lum. Second abdominal segment without median
marginal bristles. Abdomen distinctly reddish ; geni-
tal segment dull red opaque, enclosing a well devel-
oped short larvipositor like that of Jm uteri. Middle
femur without comb.

Length, 5^-8 nmi.

Five males and one female : one male and one fe-
male bearing label "from C. atlauis, Franklin, IST. H.,
collected July 15. Flies Aug. 1st. C. L. M.," from
the collection of C. V. Riley, No. 42lX; two males
Sandusky, O., June 30, 1900 (Prof. Jas. S. Hine) ;
two males Aberdeen, S. D., July 12, 1916 (W. E.
Dove, collector) .

Holotvpe.— Male, No. 20506, U. S. N. M., from
Franklin, N. H.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20506, U. S. N. M.

Marlatt, Insect Life, ii, 68, 1889, mentions this
as Sarcopliaga sp., and states that about 5 per cent,
of the grasshoppers in the outbreak at Franklin, N.
H., contained dipterous larvae.

No. 41. Sarcophaga hunteri Hough.

Hough, Kansas Univ. Quart., vii, 207, figs.; in S. J.
Hunter's bulletin "Alfalfa, Grasshoppers and Bees/'
from Ent. Dept. Univ. Kansas, p. 34, figs.
Morgan, Bull. 30, n. ser., Div. Ent. 25.
Kelly, Journ. Agr. Research, ii, 441.
Aldrich, ibid, 444, footnote.

Male. (Type). Front narrow, .122 of head
(average of five,— .115, .115, .122, .123, .134).
Frontal bristles rather widely divergent below, 10 in
number, reaching the middle of second antennal joint.
Parafrontals and parafacials silvery, the latter with
the usual hairs, coarse below. Antenna reddish

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 103

brown, reaching three-fourths of the distance to vi-
brissa; third joint rather slender, fully twice the sec-
ond; arista rather long, plumose on the basal half or
more. Vibrissfe at the oral margin. Palpi yellow;
proboscis brown, retracted, small; front of head
rather reddish in ground color; bucca one-fourth the
eyeheight ; back of head with three rows of black hairs
and rather abundant pale beard which does not quite
reach the margin of the mouth. Outer vertical bris-
tles absent.

Thorax gray pollinose with the usual 3-5 black
stripes; 3 ps dc; 2 pairs ant acr; prsc rather large;
scutellum with two large marginals, one small pre-
apical, and one small apical.

Abdomen whitish gray pollinose, with distinct
median black line and changeable lateral line each
side; first segment with only lateral bristles; second
segment the same but with small depressed bristles
along the hind margin, the middle pair somewhat
larger; third segment with a row of about 12; fourth
segment with a row of about 16; genitalia minute;
first segment opaque, pollinose, black, with a row of
coarse hairs or small bristles near its apex; second
segment very small, rather reddish than black, with-
out noticeable hairs ; forceps are slender, yelloM% deli-
cate and rather square at tip. Behind them there is
on each side a prominent yellow lobe which really is a
part of their base, bearing a striking tuft of straight
black hairs twice as long as the forceps themselves.
These tufts are concealed in the ordinary position of
the organ and are different from anything occurring
in the related species so far as known. Posterior
clasper flat, slender, yellow, with a minute straight
black tooth at tip ; anterior clasper dark brown, rather
heavy and blunt, with several hairs near the apex;
fifth sternite V-shaped, inner edges with pubescence
and scattering slender black hairs.

Legs black; middle femur with a few stout
spines, hardly forming a comb; middle tibia with one

104 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

bristle on outer front side; hind tibia without villos-

ity.

Wing subhyahne, no costal spine; third costal
segment a little shorter than the fifth ; first vein bare ;
third vein hairy half way to crossvein.

Other males show the second segment of hypopy-
gium considerably blacker but still partly reddish.

Female. ( Cotype ) . Very much more ashy pol-
linose than the male, which is comparatively black.

Front .304 of the head (average of five, — .282,
.306, .306, .311, .314). Frontal stripe yellow, nar-
rower than one side; the usual two orbital bristles;
antennae almost yellow; outer vertical bristle pres-
ent. Thorax light gray, hardly striped at all. Scu-
tellum without apical bristles. Abdomen light gray
with a median indistinct stripe. All of the bristles
shorter and indistinct. The largest are those of the
third segment; the fourth segment bears only hairs.
Genital segment retracted, not visible, but the orifice
closed by a distinct larvipositor which is spatulate at
apex, bears two tufts of convergent hairs near the
base and does not protrude enough to be noticeable.
Middle tibia with two bristles, one small. Other fe-
males are not quite so pale and show a more striped
and tessellated abdomen.

Length, males 6 mm ; females 5 mm.

One male and one female, type material in Hough
collection, bred from Melanoplus diiferentialis. Ford
County, Kansas; emerged Sept. 6; one male, bred
from a grasshopper, St. Louis, Mo., emerged April
22, 1819 (Riley, No. 1027 p.) ; one male without lo-
cality, collection C. V. RiJey, Sept. 6, 1884, No. 2882;
four females, Natrona, Cal., July 18, 1885, C. V.
Riley; one of them labeled "pupa found in ground,"
July 12; two females Pay son, LTtah, reared from
grasshoppers by C. N. Ainshe (Webster, No. 6673) ;
two females Charleston, Mo., Sept. 28, 1914, reared
from undetermined grassho])per by G. W. Bar-
ber (Webster No. 7973) ; two females Marysville,
Neb., Oct. 7, 1914, reared from Melanoplus clif-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 105

ferentialis by W. E. Pennington (Webster No.
13535); one male Wellington, Kan., E. G. Kel-
ly, (Webster No. 7398) ; two pairs reared from
Mclanoplus atlaim at Brawley, Cal., by T. D.
Urbahns (his No. 1653) ; one female Three Rivers,
Cal.; one male Moscow, Idaho; one female Kaslo, B.
C, Aug. 17, A. N. Caudell, collecter; one female Wil-
liams, Ariz., May 29, H. Barber collector; one male,
Melrose Highlands, Mass., July 30, 1912, H. E.
Smith collector; one male Hinckley, Ohio, June 29,
1901, J. S. Hine, collector; one male Manahawkin,
N. J., July 5, 1909, Harbeck; one female Lucaston,
N. J., Harbeck; two males and one female Pocono
Lake, Castle Rock and Germantown, Pa. Harbeck ;
one male without locality (Webster No. 6299) ; three
females, reared from codling moth at Roswell, N.
Mex., Dec. 9, 1912 (Quaintance No. 6208).

Types.— In Hough collection and University of
Kansas.

This species, as will be seen, has been repeatedly
reared from grasshoppers and occurs throughout
most of the United States. Kelly's article mentioned
above records rearing from grasshoppers in several
places. I find that the material there mentioned from
Wilson Creek, Wash., is opifera and not hunteri.

No. 42. Sarcophaga spatulata n. sp.

Male. Front narrow, .136 of head; frontals 10,
the anterior opposite middle of second antennal joint
and moderately divergent; face and front gray polli-
nose, not very silvery; parafacial with rather irregu-
lar row of the usual coarse black hairs; antennse
brownish-red, third joint one and two-thirds times as
long as the second and reaching four-fifths of the way
to the vibrissa", which are perceptibly above the oral
margin; arista black, rather long; plumose only to the
middle; a few scattered hairs extend nearly lialfM^ay
up the facial ridges; bucca over one-fourth the eye-
height, the hairs coarse and black, edge of mouth with
bristles along the sides; palpi yellow; proboscis

106 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

brown, very short; back of head with three rows of
coarse, rather erect black hairs, the pale beard not
abundant; outer vertical bristles barely larger than
adjacent hairs.

Thorax gray with the usual 3-5 black stripes; 3
ps dc; 3 stpl; anterior acrostichals strikingly large; 3
pairs; prescutellar 2 small pairs; scutellum with 2
large marginals, 1 small subapical, 1 long, decussate
apical pair.

Abdomen gray, somewhat changeable, with one
permanent median black stripe and on each side a
subpermanent one; first and second segments with
only lateral bristles, third with a row of 10, fourth
with 14.

Hypopygium dark, minute, opaque; first seg-
ment in the specimen almost invisible; second brown
or reddish-brown, more red around anal area, with
rather abundant but not striking hair; forceps pale
yellow, rather thin and bladelike, not diverging at tip ;
accessory plates with slender tip; penis with yellow
basal segment, the apical one long, slender at base for
half its length, then with two lateral flap -like lobes
extending forward, the terminal part flat, shining,
truncate; fifth sternite concealed.

Legs black, rather stout ; middle femur with pos-
terior comb of spines on lower edge near apex; mid-
dle tibia with one bristle on outer front side ; hind ti})ia
without villosity.

Wings hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment equal to fifth; first vein bare, third hairy two-
thirds of the way to the crossvein.

Female. General color cinereous; front .277 of
head (average of two, — .273 and .281) ; 7 or 8 front-
als, the lower reaching the middle of second anten-
nal joint as in male; parafacial hairs few and small;
outer vertical strong; scutellum with two very large
marginal, one very small subapical; genital segment
of abdomen gray, opaque, the opening oval, filled by
the basal part of the larvipositor, which is a modified
sixth sternite ; it protrudes in sword shape ( in profile.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 107

viewed from above it is more spatulate), and is
grooved above; the tip turns up, and the free part is
shining black, at the base of which it bears some long
hairs below. Middle femur without comb. One of
the two females has 2 stpl, the other 3.

Length of male, 5I/2 mm. ; of female 5 mm.

One male, two females, Wauseon, Ohio, collected
by Professor Jas. S. Hine; the male is dated Aug.
25, 1902, the females Sept. 4 of the same year; one fe-
male, Aberdeen, S. D., Aug. 12, 1916 ( W. E. Dove).
It seems practically certain that these males and fe-
males belong together; nevertheless 1 have taken the
precaution to place the type label on one of the fe-
males, as the specific name refers to the larvipositor.

Holotype. — Female, in Professor Hine's collec-
tion.

Allotype. — Male, in Professor Hine's collection.

Paratype.— Female, No. 20507, U. S. ^^. M.,
from Aberdeen, S. D.

No. 43. Sarcophaga melampyga n. sp.

Male. Front broad, .279 of head (average of
five,— .238, .264, .281, .293, .317) ; frontal stripe is
about as wide as one side; parafrontals and parafa-
cials silvery, the latter with the usual row of hairs,
rather scattered and not short below; antenna black;
third joint less than double the length of the second,
reaching four-fifths of the way to the vibrissfe ; arista
with rather shorter plumosity than usual, extending
a little over half way. Vibrissje at oral margin ; palpi
black ; proboscis black ; back of head with two rows of
black hairs and shorter third row; the pale beard
rather conspicuous. Outer vertical bristles well de-
veloped; bucca one-fifth the eyeheight.

Thorax gray pollinose with 3-5 black stripes
when viewed from behind ; 3 ps dc ; ant acr wanting ;
prsc small; stpl, 3; scutellum with 2 marginals, pre-
apical and apical very minute; on each lateral edge
with a brush-like patch of erect white hairs, brown at
base.

108 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Abdomen black, rather silvery pollinose, tessel-
lated, not striped. First segment with only lateral
bristles; second and third segments each with a very
large pair of median, erect bristles; fourth segment
with a row of about 18 marginal bristles; an erect pair
of still larger submarginals.

Hypopygium blackish; first segment of moder-
ate size, subopaque, becoming red at lower edges,
with a row of bristles near the hind margin; second
segment concolorous, globose, with several scattered
erect bristles; forceps flat, straight, shining black;
uniformly tapering, the tips rather blunt and not at
all divergent, near the basal outer angle with long
bristles sloping back; accessory plate small, triangu-
lar; posterior clasper excised near tip, on outer side
with a long hair ; anterior clasper black, smooth, rather
spoon-like at apex; penis with basal segment, very
wide in profile; apical segment enlarging from the
beginning, broad and black, with two widely separ-
ated horn-like points at tip, on front side in the mid-
dle a funnel-like protuberance with several little
points above and below it; fifth sternite with a V-
shaped excision which bears a very delicate black
brush.

Legs black ; middle femur without comb ; middle
tibia with three bristles on outer front side, the inter-
mediate one strikingly large; hind tibia without vil-
losity.

Wings subhyaline; costal spines well developed;
third segment of costa shorter than fifth; first and
third veins with rather large hairs; hind crossAxins
very straight and less oblique than usual.

Female. Front .351 of head, with the usual two
orbitals; outer vertical present; lateral edges of scu-
tellum ornamented precisely as in the male, the brush
of white hairs with brown basal part extends from the
base to the second marginal, near the tip; first mar-
ginal rather on the upper surface, as usual ; a pair of
small apicals just as in the male; genital segment hid-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 109

den by the folding together of the sides of the fourth
segment in the only female.

Length 4-71/2 mm.

Ten males, one female. One male, Trenton, N.
J., June 26, 1910 (Harbeck) ; two males Opelousas,
La., April and May, 1897 (Hough collection) ; one
Uvalde, Texas, July 16, 1914, adult on fresh cow-
dung (Bishopp, No. 3489) ; one without locality label
(Bishopp 3325) ; Cincinnati, O. (Hine) ; Manayunk
and Castle Rock, Pa. (Harbeck) ; LaFayette, Ind.
(J. M. A.) ; one male and one female. Key West,
Fla., Mav 1-3, 1915 (Sturtevant) .

Holotvpe.— Male, No. 20508, U. S. N. M., from
Uvalde, Tex.

Alotype.— Female, No. 20508, U. S. N. M.,
from Key West, Fla.

No. 44. Sarcophaga melampyga var. alata n. var.
Differs from malampyga only in the structure of
the penis. The distal segment on the posterior side
has a median rather double keel, which divides and di-
verges at each end; the terminal tube is larger in di-
ameter ; and on the front side beginning near the mid-
dle is a wide turned-back fold or thin, pale, corrugated
or ruffle-like expansion, which turns back and nar-
rows laterally. This last is represented in melampyga
by a rather narrow flap as shown in the figure. In
melampyga the body of the distal segment is full and
round on the sides, w^hile in the variety it is hollow.
The difference would easily be specific if accompanied
by any other characters, but in their absence this form
may stand as a variety.

Twenty-seven specimens, both sexes; eight of
both sexes from Miami, Fla. (C. H. T. Townsend
and Mrs. Townsend) ; six from Key West, Fla., Feb.
1-6, 1869 (C. V. Riley) ; one male, one female, on
same pin, Biscayne Bay, Fla. (Mrs. Slosson) ; one
male, Miami, Fla., American Museum Nat. Hist.;
one male, Witfeld, Fla., July, 1882 (C. V. Riley) ;
ten both sexes, Havana, Cuba, in the writer's collec-

110 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

tion, collected many years ago by Prof. C. F. Baker.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20509, U. S. N. M., Mi-
ami, Fla.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20509, U. S. N. M., Mi-
ami, Fla.

No. 45. Sarcophag^a chsetopygialis Will.
Williston, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, 366.

Williston described the species from nmiierous
specimens, some of which he retained in his collection
while returning most of them to the Entomological
Society in London; the retained material ultimately
became a part of the collections of the University of
Kansas (four males) and of the American Museum
of Natural History (four specimens under this name,
of which three are Sarcophaga communis Pk.). As
Dr. Williston did not designate any particular tpye,
these specimens have the same standing as those in
London. I exclude the specimens of communis, and
redescribe the other species.

Male. Front about one-third as wide as one eye
(not measured) ; pollen of front and face yellow but
not intensely so, inside the lunule blackish; antennas
blackish at base, third joint brown, its base red-
brown; third joint four times as long as second; arista
long-plumose on basal three-fifths; parafacial desti-
tute of hairs (even under high power of Zeiss binocu-
lar) ; palpi black, smallish; outer vertical absent.

Mesonotum with black and white stripes; ps dc
3 ; stpl 3 ; scutellars rubbed off.

Abdomen black and silvery, with unusually dis-
tinct pattern: at side a silvery band on segments 1 to
4, on the upper surface of each two oblique silvery
spots, the rest black; legs black, not villous, not very
bristly; middle tibia with only one small bristle in
front near middle.

Wing hyaline, first vein with a few setse near the
base, third with a short row.

Hypopygium: both segments black, of moderate
size; probably no bristles on first segment; forceps

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 111

black with a hook on the back at tip, just Hke a cro-
chet-hook; accessory plate low and wide, with silky
yellow appressed hair ; posterior clasper long, straight
and slender, and hooked on the front side at tij) ; an-
terior clasper immense, black, romided at apex, with
a deep concavity on the side; penis yellowish-brown,
bulky, hooded, no processes visible.

Five males, St. Vincent, W. I., as above stated.

Some of Williston's data are evidently taken
from the other species, especially the red hypopy-
gium.

Types. — In Entomological Society of London,
University of Kansas, and American Museum of
Natural History.

No. 46. Sarcophaga albisignum n. sp.

Male. Front of more than medium width, .217
of head ; frontal stripe reddish black, sharply defined,
wider than one side ; f rontals 8, strongly divergent be-
low, barely reaching middle of second antennal joint;
sides of face and front shining yellow pollinose, a lit-
tle paler than golden; facial impression concolorous;
f acialia black, middle of face whitish ; paraf acials with
very few and slender hairs; antenna black, third joint
three and one-half times as long as the second, reach-
ing five-sixths of the way to the vibrissa?, which are
at the oral margin ; arista very long plumose for four-
sevenths of its length; bucca one-fourth the eye-
height; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary; back of
head with all black hairs except a few yellow just be-
low the foramen; outer vertical absent.

Thorax densely whitish pollinose, when viewed
from behind the three main black stripes are very
strongly contrasted; 3 ps dc; ant acr 1 or 2 smallish;
3 strong stpl; prescutellar of medium size; scutellum
with 2 large marginal (a small between them), a
small subapical, no apical.

Abdomen with silvery pollen; median stripe
black, a lateral each side very changeable; first and
second segments with only lateral bristles ; third with

112 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

one pair median and 3 lateral, fourth with a row of
about 16.

Hypopygium of moderate size, black, opaque;
fiirst segment with 4 to 6 stout bristles in a transverse
row near tip; second with long, erect hairs, a tew of
which may be called bristles; forceps black, slender,
tapering, widely diverging, bent forward near base,
thence nearly straight to apex; accessory plate
triangular; posterior clasper robust, excised before
tip, and with a long hair; anterior clasper shining
brown-black, wide at base, narrowing to a long slen-
der curved tip, and at the place of narrowing bearing
a supplementary point on outer side; penis rather
long, basal joint distinct, the distal one globose, bear-
ing on the front side near base an ascending curved
median organ, white except its base and edges; con-
nected with this organ toward the base a median yel-
low process ending in a minute hook.

Legs black; median femora on hind side below
with about four stubby spines (a short comb) ; mid-
dle tibia with only one small bristle on outer front
side, considerably below middle; hind tibitT not vil-
lous.

Wing subhyaline; fourth vein ending only a lit-
tle before apex (one-third the length of the fifth cos-
tal segment) ; third costal segment shorter than fifth;
first vein hairy; third hairy over half way to cross-
vein; no costal spine.

Female not known.

Length 7 mm.

One male, Los Amates, Guatemala, Jan. 16-20,
1905, collected by Professor Jas. S. Hine.

Holotype. — In collection of Professor Hine.

sarcophaga and allies 113

Group D.
Three postsutural dorsocentrals ; hind tibia not
villous; at least the second segment of the hypopy-
gium red.

Table of Species. — Males.

1. First vein hairy 25.
First vein bare 2.

2. Palpi yellow 3.
Palpi black 7.

3. At least the hind knees and tibiae red ; outer ver-

tical present; 2 stpl (West Indies).

No. 19. Harpagopyga diver si pes Coq.
Legs black ; outer vertical absent in male 4.

4. First segment of hypopygium with a row of

stout bristles near the base, not the apex;
usually four stpl (Mass.)

No. 20. Thelodiscns indivisus n. sp.
First segment with row at apex, often indis-
tinct 5.

5. Large species (12 mm.), very robust; penis

with a hook behind near tip (Georgia)
No. 47. magna n. sp.
Small species; penis not with hook 6.

6. Forceps with a pair of processes on the basal

attached part which bear a striking tuft of
long, straight black hair (concealed in re-
pose) (widespread, Group C)

No. 41. hunteri Hgh.
Forceps not with such processes or tufts (wide-
spread) No. 48. opifera Coq.

7. Arista long and thin, short-plumose; liypopy-

gium large, second segment red, with long,
upcurved bristles (widespread)

No. 13. Hypo pelt a scrofa n. sp.
Arista as usual 8.

8. First segment of hypopygium black; forceps

wholly yellow (tropical and subtropical.

Group H). No. 127, sternodontis Tns.

Both segments yellow 9.

114 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

9. Frontal rows not strongly divergent below;
epaulets yellow (widespread).

No. 49. peniculata Park.
Frontal rows suddenly diverging in the last two
or three bristles; epaulet black 10.

10. Anterior acrostichals absent or very indistinct

New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio)

No. 50. imrallela n. sp.
Anterior acrostichals well developed. 11.

11. Parafacials and front part of bucca golden yel-

low (Indiana, Louisiana, Missouri)

No. 51. rudis n. sp.
Parafacials gray 12.

12. Penis with a pair of erect recurved hooks on the

back near apex 13.

Penis not with hooks on back 16.

13. Accessory plate broad and excised at apex

(Massachusetts)

No. 52. CtTcisa n. sp.
Accessory plate nearly round 14.

Accessory plate at least twice as long as wide,

not excised 15.

14. Forceps near the tip swollen behind and cov-

ered with minute barbs (Colorado, New
Mexico) No. 53. el cod is n. sp.

Forceps straight, slender (Georgia)

No. 54. wasculina n. sp.

15. Distal segment of penis slender, narrowed at tip

(widespread) No. 5o. alcedo n. sp.
Distal segment enlarged at the end, blunt (Kan-
sas) No. 56. jjrohihita n. sp.

16. Distal segment of the penis in the form of a long

tube, incurved at the end and forming a
loop that can be seen through in profile be-
yond the lateral processes (widespread)
No. 57. reversa n. sp.
Distal portion not forming a loop that can be
seen through 17.

SAllCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 115

17. Distal segment of the penis on its ajDical half

with lateral thin, exj)anded margins which

are whitish or transparent, somewhat like a

ruffle. 18.

Penis not with ruffle-like expansions 21.

18. Distal segment (beyond the hinge) evidentlj^

divided into two subsegments 19.

Distal segment not distinctly divided 20.

19. The division of the distal segment is near the tip,

which is divided into two delicate processes
attached to the fringe (widespread)

No. 58. marginata n. sp.
The division is just beyond the middle, the apex
broadly and deeply cleft into two strong but
flat claws, which are not connected with the
fringe (widespread)

No. 59. falciformis n. sp.

20. The chitinous distal segment notched into two

sharp points at apex ; a pair of erect median
marginal bristles on second abdominal seg-
ment (widespread)

No. 60. setigera n. sp.
The distal segment swollen and whitish near
end, not perceptibly notched; rarely with
median marginals on second segment of ab-
domen (widespread)

• No. 61. coloradenm n. sp.

21. Second abdominal segment with median mar-

ginals; distal segment of penis divided just
beyond the middle, second part running out
smooth and chitinized to an almost square,
slightly emarginate end (Maryland, Vir-
ginia) No. 62. wehsteri n. sp.
Second abdominal segment of abdomen without
median marginals 22.

22. Front generally less than one-tenth the head-

width (maximum .12) (Georgia)

No. 63. angustifrous n. sp.
Front at least .16 of the head-width 23.

116 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

23. The stout divergent prongs at the tip of the

penis cover and conceal the minute incurved
copulatory tube, or at most have a V-
shaped opening (widespread)

No. 64. aculeata n. sp.
The prongs spread apart U-shaped so as to show
the much larger incurved tube 24.

24. The penultimate lateral processes of the penis

extend forward and are thick and black,
with spinose outer side (widespread)

No. 65. aculeata var. gavia n. sp.
The penultimate lateral processes extend for^
ward only a short distance, but extend back-
ward and underneath in the form of a thin
brown margin (widespread)

No. 66. aculeata var. tcecliosa n. var.

25. Tibife yellow (Georgia)

No. 67. flavipes n. sp.
Tibia? black " 26.

26. First segment of hypopygium very large, flat

behind, giving the abdomen a truncated ap-
pearance; acrostichals well developed (wide-
spread) No. 68. hwga n. sp.
Not as described 27.

27. Abdomen red except first segment (Texas,

Mexico, South America)

No. 68. ?'ufiventris Wied.
Abdomen black 28.

28. Penis in the shape of an elongated flask (Texas)

No. 70. ampuUa n. sp.
Penis not flask-shaped 29.

29. First segment of hypopygium prominent

(Cuba) No. 71. hiseriata n. sp.

First segment retracted, almost invisible 80.

30. Hypopygium and posterior half of fourth ab-

dominal segment red (Cuba, Mexico)

No. 72. surrubea V. d. W.
Fourth abdominal segment black 31.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALIJES 117

31. Anterior acrostichals strong, three pairs (Brit-
ish Guiana) No. 73. hospes n. sp.
Anterior acrostichals hardly differentiated from
hairs (widespread)

No. 74. helicis Towns.

No. 47. Sarcophaga magna n. sp.

Male. Front almost exactly one-fifth of the
head width (in the five specimens, .182, .200, .203,
.204, .204, average .1986) ; parafrontals and para-
facials subsihery, the former with numerous small
hairs up to the level of the lowest ocellus; the latter
with numerous rather coarse hairs not evidently ar-
ranged in rows, which continue on the facial impres-
sion; frontals strongly diverging below, reaching as
far as the middle of the second antennal joint; frontal
stripe brown, twice as wide above as one side; vibrissa?
about two-thirds the length of the second antennal
joint above the oral margin; facialia hairy half way or
more to base of antenm^"; antennae brown, third joint
reddish, rather slender, twice the second, reaching
three-fourths of the way to the vibrissa?; arista plu-
mose only a little over half way; palpi dark yellow,
hairy, the base brown; proboscis short; back of head
with three very distinct rows of black hairs, and all
round the neck abundant pale ones, which, however,
are mostly replaced by black below; lateral vertical
not differentiated.

Thorax gray pollinose with 3-5 black stripes; 3
ps dc; 2 ant dc; 3 stpl; ant acr well developed; pre-
scutellars one pair of good size; scutellum with two
large lateral pairs (between them one or two smaller) ,
one subapical and one apical of fairly large size.

Abdomen gray pollinose with the usual tessella-
tions, the fourth segment rather broadly red at apex ;
first and second segments with only lateral bristles,
third with a pair of erect median marginals and four
lateral, fourth with row of about 18.

Hypopygium entirely red, first segment with
row of about six stout bristles near tip; second seg-

118 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

merit with a pronounced hump in profile, covered with
evenly placed erect black hairs ; forceps black, rather
stout, bent back on the attached basal portion, which
is covered with coarse black hair ; the free part straight
nearly to tip, then bending forward to an oblique, out-
wardly directed point; from behind, the forceps are
quite widely separated from the base. Accessory
plates yellow, shining, elongated apically but the bas-
al part very short; both claspers dark brown, stout
and equally hooked, the anterior shorter. Penis large,
basal segment reddish, of moderate size; distal seg-
ment large, blackish, shining, notched into two sharp
points at tip; on the back just behind these is a pair
of divaricate and recurved large hooks, united at base ;
viewing the distal segment from obliquely in front,
it is strongly protuberant beyond the middle, with a
large central orifice, basad of this orifice and on a less
protuberant level is a wide rim, extending laterally
past the body of the organ into an earlike lobe ; distad
of the orifice the shape is like a goat's head,
the orifice being its mouth, and back from this
(disto-posteriorly) it bears two processes like the
horns but with retrorse minute spines ; these processes
nearly meet the tips of the segment first mentioned.
Fifth sternite widely excised at base, dark, yellow;
on each side near the base is a prominent, smooth red
process; beyond these the sides approach each other
and are covered with black bristles, thence rapidly
diverging.

Legs black, of ordinary structure; middle fe-
mora with a comb behind on lower side; middle tibia
with two bristles on outer front side; hind tibia with-
out villosity.

Wings almost hyaline; a minute costal spine;
first vein bare, third hairy half way to cross^^in ; third
costal segment as long as fifth and sixth together.

Length 11-13 nmi .

Five males: four from Tifton, Ga., June 13,
1896, in the Hough collection; the other Tampa, Fla.,
April 29, 1915, collection of A. H. Sturtevant.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 119

Holotype.— Male, No. 20510, U. S. N. M., from
Tampa, Fla.

No. 48. Sarcophaga opifera Coq.

Coquillett, Insect Life, v. 22, 1892.

Townsend, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xxviii, 23, 191 5,
designates as type of the undescribed genus Opso-
phyto.

Male. Front narrow, .122 of head (average of
five, .111, .112, .116, .126, .144) ; 12 fronto-orbitals,
reaching almost to middle of second antennal joint,
gradually (not suddenly) divergent below; front and
face quite silvery poUinose, much of the ground color
red; frontal stripe red; parafacial with the usual row
of hairs, rather double below; antenna? red, sec-
ond joint nearly as long as third, with an erect bris-
tle ; third reaching three-fourths of the way to vibris-
s^e; palpi yellow; proboscis brown, short; back of
head concave above, with two rows of black hairs;
beard inconspicuous ; outer vertical not differentiated.

Thorax with 5-7 black stripes, the intervals gray
pollinose; 3 ps dc; 3 stpl; ant acr strong; prescutel-
lars large ; scutellum with two large lateral, one small
subapical, one smallish erect decussate apical pair.

Abdomen densely gray pollinose with change-
able reflections and three rather constant blackish
stripes; first and second abdominal segments with
only lateral bristles, but the second has several large
depressed hairs on hind margin; third segment with
median marginal pair and several lateral ; fourth with
row of 12.

Hypopygium small, red and retracted ; first seg-
ment pollinose, with several bristles in a row on tlie
visible portion; second segment subshining red, with
coarse hairs; forceps red except extreme tips, distal
portion bare, curved forward, ending in a small point,
bent in; accessory plate tapering to a slender tip, yel-
low; penis with yellow basal segment, the blackish
distal one is bent at an angle with this, and has a shin-
ing black basal part, a middle softer region, and an

120 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

apical dark snoutlike one; fifth sternite small and
concealed.

Legs black or brown, without villosity ; hind side
of middle femur with comb below near tip; middle
tibia with two bristles on outer front side.

Wings hyaline; no costal spine; third and fifth
costal segments subequal; first vein bare and third
bristl}^ two-thirds of the way to the crossvein.

Female. Front .326 of head (average of five, —
.305, .311, .313, .334, .367) ; two to four orbitals; tho-
rax and abdomen rather more densely pollinose than
male, stripes generally fainter or on abdomen almost
absent; no apicals on scutellum; fourth abdominal
segment red at tip ; genital segment red, not with lar-
vipositor, but the last sternite oval, hairy.

Length, 53^-6l^ mm.

Thirteen males and thirteen females; six from
Natrona, Cal., July 18, 1885 (C. V. Riley, part of a
large series in the National Museum, bred fiom Me-
lanophis devastator and marginatcs) , six Sacramento,
Cal., "From C. spretus, bred in confinement" (C. V.
Riley, in National Museum) ; two Pullman, Wash.,
Sept. 12, 1896 and Sept. 1, 1897 (R. W. Doane) ; one
pair, Wilson Creek, Wash., June 22, 1908 (G. I.
Reeves, Webster, No. 3995, in National Museum) ;
one Stanford University, Cal. (J. M. A.) ; three Mos-
sow, Ida. (J. M. A.) ; one Uvalde, Texas, July 16,
1914, adult on fresh cowdung (Bishopp, No. 3498) ;
two males and two females from Maxwell, N. M.,
bred by C. K. Wildermuth from Melanoplus difer-
entialis, plumhcus and hhittatus (Webster Nos.
10241, 11167, 11169) ; two males reared from adult
Acridiid at Brawley, Cal., by C. ^I. Packard (Ur-
bahns No. 16163). '

A single somewhat darker male w^ith hypopyg-
ium rather blackish even on second joint, was collect-
ed by the writer at Michigan City, Ind., June 29,
1915: the only eastern specimen, and possibly a dif-
ferent species.

SAECOPHAGA AND ALLIES 121

The type material was bred from Mclanoplus
devastator near Los Angeles, Cal. The writer ex-
amined the type in the National Museum, but it was
not at hand when the present description was drawn
up ; however, a male was used that had been compared
with type and was so labeled. The species appears
to be an iipportant grasshopper parasite in the West.

Holotype,— Male, in U. S. N. M.

No. 49. Sarcophaga peniculata Park.

Parker, Proc. Bost. Soc .Nat. Hist., xxxv, 58, pi. vii, f.
44 {Ravinia), male only.

Male. Front .204 of head (average of three, —
.22, .19, and .204) ; the stripe on upper part about
four times as wide as one side; lowest frontals hardly
reaching the middle of tlie second antennal joint, di-
verging moderately, so that the lowest ones are II/2
times as far aj^art as the rows are at the middle of
the front; sides of front and face golden pollinose, the
latter with fine hairs not in distinct rows; antennae
black, third joint more than twice the second and
reaching five-sixths of the way to the vibrissa?, which
are a little above the oral margin; arista plumose
hardly more than half way; bucca about tworfifths
the eyeheight; palpi and proboscis black; ordinary;
back of head convex, with only black hairs except be-
low, where there is some yellow beard; outer orbital
half as long as the inner, still not much larger than the
next hairs in the row.

Thorax gray, with 3-5 black stripes; anterior
acr well developed, prescutellars of good size; scutel-
lum Math two long marginals and a subapical of fair
size, no apicals; 3 stpl.

Abdomen strongly tessellated, with a median
black stripe; first and second segments with only lat-
eral bristles, third with a median marginal pair and
two laterals, fourth with a marginal row diminisliing
down the sides.

Hpyopygium red, or the first segment a little
dark basally ; first segment witli a row of bristles near
hind margin ; second segment quite long, almost

122 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

humped in profile, extending forward, with slender
black hairs. Forceps reddish yellow, with black tips,
straight and tapering, slightly curved forward apical-
ly, behind and on outer margin with long outstand-
ing black hair; accessory plate small, yellow; poster-
ior clasper brown, deeply excised before the apex, so
it is strongly hooked; anterior clasper longer, lighter
colored, not hooked. Penis brownish, unsegmented,
long and nearly straight, smooth and shining, ending
in two rounded enlargements separated by a median
notch; on the front side well before the apex and
slanting away from it are two pairs of pale, soft pro-
cesses. Fifth sternite visible as a pair of narrowly
separated black slender sclerites covered with dense
short black hairs.

Legs black; middle femur with long and well-
developed comb on lower hind side toward tip; mid-
dle tibia with one bristle on outer front side ; hind tibia
without villosity.

Wing subhyaline, no costal spine; third and
fifth costal segments nearly equal; first vein bare,
third hairy nearly to the crossvein.

Female. Front .339 of head width (average of
five,— .320, .338, .340, .345, .350), the usual two or-
bitals, and the outer vertical developed ; frontal stripe
over three times as wide as one side above; frontals
about 10, the lowest just at the middle of the second
antennal joint, and the two rows perfectly parallel;
parafrontals and parafacials golden pollinose, the lat-
ter with numerous rather scattered small hairs. Two
genital segments (tergites) distinctly visible, the
fifth and sixth; they are red, the fifth with a fringe
of black bristles, and its spiracle conspicuous ; the red
sternites are apparently the sixth and seventh, as
there are five black ones before them ; the latter is long
and wide, but square at end, not in the least drawn
out to form a larvipositor. Middle tibia with two
bristles on outer side.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 123

Length 7-81/4 mm. A pair of dwarfed speci-
mens from Montana (R. R. Parker) measm-e only
4^/^ mm.

Seven males and six females : besides tl-te pair of
dwarfs just mentioned from Montana, there are
three males and one female from New Bedford,
Mass. (Hough Coll.) ; one male, East Eddington,
Me. (Hgh) ; one male Polk Co., Wis. (C. F. Baker) ;
one male Friday Harbor, Wash, (author's collec-
tion) ; four females Melrose Highlands, Mass. (H.
E.Smith).

Parker's material was from Maine, Mass., Conn.,
N. Y., and Pa.

Holotype. — Male, in Massachusetts Agricul-
tural College.

No. 50. Sarcophaga parallela n. sp.

Male. Front .154 of head (average of five, —
.130, .151, .155, .166, .169) ; parafrontals and para-
facials silvery, the latter with a row of strong hairs
below; antenna? black, third joint hardly twice the
second, reaching barely three-fourths of the way to
the vibrissfe, which are at oral, margin; arista long-
plumose for two-thirds its length; bucca one-third the
eyeheight; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary; back
of head convex with four or five rows of black hairs
and some yellow close to the neck and below it ; outer
vertical not differentiated.

Thorax with the usual 3-5 stripes of black ; ps dc
3 large ; ant dc 2 ; stpl 3 ; scutellum with two marginal,
1 subapical, 1 rather strong apical, suberect.

Abdomen strongly tessellated, with permanent
median black stripe on second and third segments;
fourth segment with decided red hind margin; first
and second segments with only lateral bristles, third
with a median marginal pair and four or five laterals ;
fourth with a marginal row of about 16.

Hypopygium red: first segment with row of
small bristles near hind border; second globose, shin-
ing, with erect black hair. Forceps very character-

124 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

istic in shape': in profile the free part has a marked
bend forward just before its middle, from which it is
straight to the apex with the front and hind edges
parallel ; at the extreme tip it is rounded, with a tooth
placed just behind the middle. Accessory plate tri-
angular, yellow; posterior clasper stout, brown, flat
at tip, not much hooked ; anterior clasper the same but
longer, with an expanded margin near middle on
outer side. Penis with large basal segment, whitish
except on the back; distal segment beginning behind
with a sharp keel, shining black, which widens to a
flat, shining surface and narrows again to a keel,
which turns sharply forward in the shape of an apical
hook ; from each side of the keel first mentioned there
proceeds a flat, dark process forward and outward,
ending near the apical hook and, with pale margins,
enclosing the inner organs in a globose compartment.
Fifth sternite yellowish, rather widely excised at base,
the edges bordered with erect small black bristles.

Legs black; median femur with close rows of
slanting spines below near tip, the posterior could al-
most be called a comb ; middle tibia with two bristles
on outer side ; hind tfl^ia not really villous, but with a
few small erect hairs approaching what is herein de-
fined as villosity; they are, however, not quite so long
as the diameter of the tibia.

Wings nearly hyaline ; no costal spine ; third cos-
tal segment about equal to the fifth; first vein bare,
third hairy two-thirds of the way to the crossvein.

Length 7I/12 to 8V2 mm.

Seven miles: two Trenton, N. J. (Harbeck) ;
two with puparia but no rearing data, Philadelphia,
April 19 and 21, 1891 {Hough ColL) ; one Iloxbor-
ough. Pa. (Harbeck); one Columbus, O. (Hine) ;
one Philadelphia (C. W. Johnson).

This may be only a variety of sima, with which
it has certainly a very close relation ; the forceps have
a different shape, and the penis seems larger and its
parts better differentiated in these specimens than is
the case with what I have called sima.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 125

Holotype.— Male, No. 20512, U. S. N. M., from
Trenton, X. J.

No. 51. Sarcophaga rudis n. sp.

Male. Front .199 of head (average of three, —
.193, .197, .207), widening rapidly below the middle,
so that the parafacials are wider and the bucca higher
than usual; the parafrontal is yellowish pollinose, the
yellow increases in intensity below, so that the para-
facial and front of bucca are golden ; the row of hairs
on parafacial keeps close to the eye as it ascends;
frontals about nine, rows rather wide apart and only
moderately diverging below, hardly reaching the mid-
dle of the second antennal joint; antennae black, third
joint twice the second and reaching three-fourths the
way to vibrissfe, which are slightly above the oral mar-
gin ; arista plumose as usual, a little over half way, its
middle third light colored; bucca over one-third the
eyeheight; back of head with several rows of black
hairs, and only a few pale ones close to the neck and
below; outer vertical not differentiated.

Thorax with the usual 3-5 black stripes; ant acr
well developed, prescutellar pair of good size ; stpl 3 ;
scutellum with the usual two marginals, one smallish
subapical, one apical of rather large size, suberect.

Abdomen with the usual strong tessellations, a
permanent median black stripe on the middle two seg-
ments, hind edge of fourth red; first and second only
with. lateral bristles, third with an interrupted row,
fourth with row of about 12.

Hypopygium red; first segment rather small,
pollinose, on its hind edge with row of bristles, some-
times hardly more than hairs; second segment sub-
shining, globose. Forceps with the free part bent
back at right angle to the attached part, the latter
with rather dense hair, the former almost straight,
black but somewhat reddish at base, shining, curved
forward just at apex, with scattering minute spines
hardly more than granules) on the hind edge. Acces-
sory plate padlike, rounded, yellow, small. Posterior

126 THOMAS SAY FOUXDATIOX

clasper stout, blackish, strongly hooked at tip; an-
terior clasper shorter and paler, strongly curved, stout
basally. Penis with yellow basal segment of moder-
ate length, the distal slender for over half its length,
curved slightly forward, shining ; the apex on the pos-
terior side widened, notched into two sharp points, at
the base of the notch a small pair of recurved and di-
vergent hooks, united at base ; on the front side of the
tip is a blunt, black protuberance in the middle, from
which arise near the base (almost in the notch at the
tip of the back part) two pairs of upright processes.
Fifth sternite dark yellow, narrowly excised basally
for a distance, then widening V-shaped, with brown-
ish pubescence on the inner margin.

Legs black; middle femur with comb behind on
lower side; middle tibia with two bristles on outer
front side ; hind tibia without villosity.

Wings almost hyaline ; no costal spine ; third cos-
tal segment about equal to fifth ; first vein bare, third
hairy halfway to crossvein.

Female. Front .326 of head (two just the
same ) ; golden color of head as in male ; outer vertical
present; the usual two orbitals; palpi strongly cla-
vate; no apical scutellars; fourth abdominal segment
broadly red; genital segment yellow, the orifice slit-
like, with rather weak bristles.

I^ength, 6-7 mm.

Eleven males and two females: three males La
Fayette, Ind. ; two males, one female, Charleston,
Mo., Jan. 22, 191,5, reared from Ligf/rus gihbosus by
E. H. Gibson (Webster, No. 13668; one male, one
female, Opelousas, La., June (Hough Coll.) ; five
males Chapada, Brazil, collected by H. H. Smith
(author's collection) ; one male, Wellington, Kans.
Webster, No. 1594.5).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20513, U. S. N. M., from
LaFavette, Ind.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20513, U. S. N. M.,
from Charleston, IVIo.

SARCOPHAGA AND AIXIES 127

No. 52. Sarcophaga excisa n. sp.

Male. Front rather wide, .185 of head; para-
frontals and parafacials silvery, the latter with the
usual row of small bristles below; antenna dark
brown or blackish; third joint hardly double the sec-
ond, reaching four-fifths of the way to the vibrissa,
which are a little above the edge of the mouth ; arista
plumose a little over halfway ; palpi rather long ; pro-
boscis short, fleshy; bucca about one-third the eye-
height; back of head with three rows of black hairs
and some pale beard below ; outer vertical bristles ab-
sent.

Thorax gray pollinose, with the usual 3-5 stripes,
the central one rather narrow; ps dc 3; ant acr well
developed; prsc of medium size; stpl 3. Scutellum
with the usual bristles, viz., marginals, two large; pre-
apical, one rather small; apical, one rather small and
slender.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with rather
distinct median blackish line; first and second seg-
ments with only lateral bristles; third with a pair of
median marginals and two laterals; fourth segment
red at apex and with a row of more than a dozen bris-
tles.

Hypopygium entirely yellow and quite shining;
the first segment of medium size, with a row of bris-
tles across the hind margin; second segment globose,
with numerous erect, coarse black hairs. Forceps
black excej)t on basal part, rather short and uniformly
curved forward, ending in a point on the inner side;
viewed from behind they diverge suddenly almost at
the tip. Accessory plate yellow, shining, arcuately
excised at tip, the posterior lobe slender, the anterior
merely forming a blunt angle. Claspers small, brown-
ish; posterior with short, deep excision before the
hooked tip ; anterior shorter and more slender. Penis
with rather long basal segment; the distal segment
long and stout, shining black or dark brown, square
in cross section as far as the middle; bent in and en-

128 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

larged apically with a pair of large diverging hooks
on the back near the tip. Underneath the tip is a
white ear-hke margin on each side and a central lip.
The other apical parts rather hidden in the specimen.
Fifth sternite distinctly visible; blackish for almost
half its length, suddenly changing to yellow ; the inner
apical angles covered with short, black, hook-like
bristles.

Legs black ; middle femur with short comb below
on posterior edge; middle tibia with two bristles on
outer front side; hind tibia without villosity.

Wings hyaline; small costal spines; third costal
segment fully equal to fifth.

Length, 9 mm.

One male, Woods Hole, Mass., June 25, 1913
(A. H. Sturtevant).

Holotype— Male, No. 20.514, U. S. N. M.

No. 53. Sarcophaga eleodis n. sp.

Male. Front .183 of head (average of five, —
.167, .179, .183, .187, .197). Like e.rcim except in
genitalic characters. The forceps have a large, hump-
like protuberance on the basal attached part, covered
with recumbent long black hair; between this and the
remainder of the forceps is a deep excision in profile ;
the apical free part of the forceps is black, enlarged
and bent forward in the middle, with sliort reclinate
spines behind, the extreme apex curved forward and
sharp. Accessory plate somewhat rounded, the api-
cal angle, however, a little drawn out, darker in
color, with a few long hairs. Posterior clasper strong,
nearly black, with hooked point ; anterior clasper low
and short, yellow, stout at base; penis with a rather
short basal segment, the distal one brown and shining,
rather elongated, semicircular in cross section on
basal part, with a pair of recurved hooks on the back
at tip; the apical part bears in front a winglike ex-
pansion on each side, the two uniting in a pointed
plate below; in front of the pair of liooks is a concave
space before the extreme tip. Fifth sternite entire-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 129

ly yellow, with short, thick hairs at the angle of di-
vergence, but not with spines.

Female. Front .342 of head (average of five, — •
.321, .327, .343, .355, .362), with the usual two orbital
bristles. Palpi large and much thickened at apex,
bare except on lower edge. Genital segment red ; the
last sternite not at all protruding, soft and rather
distinctly trilobed before the transverse genital open-
ing.

Four males, two females, reared from adult
Eleodes obsoleta at Maxwell, N. M., by J. S. Wade
and D. J. Caffrey (Webster No. 11148) ; four males
and ten females, reared from E. tricostata adult at
Maxwell, N. M., by J. S. Wade (Webster No.
11146) ; one male, three females, reared from E. eoc-
tricata adult at Maxwell, N. M., by J. S. Wade and
D. J. Caffrey (Webster No. 11141); three males,
reared from E. liispUahns adult at INlaxwell, N. M.,
by J. S. Wade (Webster No. 11156) ; two males, one
female, reared from E. tricostata adult at Alliance,
Neb., by J. S. Wade (Webster No. 14952) ; one fe-
male, reared from E, obsoleta adult at Golden, Colo.,
by J. S. Wade (Webster No. 14972) ; two males, one
female, reared from adult E. obsoleta at La Junta,
Colo., by J. S. Wade (Webster No. 155504); one
male, three females, reared from Asida obvata adult
at La Junta, Colo., by J. S. Wade (Webster No.
15505) ; one female reared from adult E. hispilabris
at Koehler, N. M., by Y. L. Wildermuth (Webster
No. 12727) ; one female, reared from E. obsoleta at
Trinidad, Colo., by H. F. Wickham (Webster No.
14999) ; one male, reared from adult E. fusiformis at
Maxwell, N. M., by J. S. Wade (Cage 16645) ; four
males, three females, reared from adults of E. obso-
leta and tricostata near Koehler, N. M.; two are la-
beled "Larva from adult Eleodes tricostata which
died in Cage 1"; two are from larvtT that emerged
from dead specimens of E. obsoleta found in the field.

Two males, Colorado (Experiment Station),
Nos. 1527 and 1631, in the Hough collection.

130 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

One female, Cimarron, N. M., "larvipositing on
Eleodes ohsoleta" (W. R. Walton) ; this is the speci-
men mentioned by the writer in Jour. Eeon. Ent,, viii,
24o, where is also printed a statement from Professor
Wickham as to the possibility that the specimens
reared by him were not true parasites but only scav-
engers affecting dead insects; — a possibility which
seemed to him to be excluded by the manner of con-
ducting his experiments.

Holotype and allotype. — Male and female, No.
20515, U. S. N. M., from Maxwell, N. M. (Webster
No. 11148, in the first lot mentioned).

No. 54. Sarcophaga masculina n. sp.

Male. Front .132 of head (average of three, —
.125, .127 and .143) ; head with gray pollen which is
rather more shining on the parafacials; parafrontals
and parafacials both bearing scattering black hairs,
which gradually arrange themselves in a single row
below, the lowermost ones being slightly bristle-like;
frontal bristles about 13, rapidly diverging below and
reaching the middle of the second antennal joint;
ocellars well developed; antennas reddish brown,
third joint slender, 2l/4 times the second, reaching
three-fourths of the way to the vibrissse and slightly
above the oral margin. Bucca one-third the eye-
height; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary; back of
head with about three rows of black hairs, the central
part bearing whitish hairs, longer below; most of the
bucca is covered with black hairs; outer vertical bris-
tles absent.

Thorax with gray pollen and the usual 3 to 5
black stripes, the intermediate ones more or less mar-
gined with brownish color when viewed from behind;
ps dc 3; ant acr well developed; prsc 1 pair; stpl 3;
scutellum with 2 pairs lateral, 1 pair smaller preapical
and 1 pair apicals slightly larger.

Abdomen with whitish changeable pollen and
three indistinct stripes ; first and second segments M^ith
only lateral bristles ; third segment with a median pair

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 131

and two laterals ; fourth segment with a marginal row
of about 20, the outer ones gradually diminishing.

Hypopygium red; first segment red with gray
pollen, on the hind margins with an interrupted row
of smallish bristles; second segment red with rather
distinct hump behind, covered with scattered erect
hairs but not bristly; forceps black, straight, very
shining, slender in profile, abruptly turned forward
at the end; from behind they run close together al-
most to the tip, where they are suddenly cut away on
the inner side; accessory plate yellow, broad, with a
blunt point at the attached end and a more slender
one at the free end; posterior clasper dark brown,
rather long, curved forward at tip and excised on
front side; anterior clasper very short and low, but
with a distinct, brown hook; penis slender, the basal
joint elongated, the distal joint still longer, rather
square in cross section on the basal two-thirds, the
apical third suddenly widened with a black head-
like extension forward, from which arise several
horns at the outer corners and a single long lateral
process on each side. On the back of the organ in the
middle near the tip is a long recurved hook divided
near the base into two divergent points. The sclerite
which forms the back of the distal segment diverges
broadly at the apex and is produced into a sharp re-
curved horn at each of the two tips. Just on the inner
side of each of these horns is a process directed back-
ward which bears minute hairs giving it a fringed ap-
pearance. Fifth sternite blackish, bearing a wide
brush on each side of the incision, the two brushes in
contact or nearly so for their entire length.

Legs black ; middle femur with a well developed
short comb on the lower hind side near the tip ; middle
tibia with two bristles on the outer front side; hind
tibia without villosity.

Wing hyaline with a small costal spine; third cos-
tal segment about as long as the fifth and sixth to-
gether ; first vein })are ; third with a few hairs.

132 THOMAS SAY FOUXDATIOX

Female. The head in the female is precisely like
that of the male. Width of front .131 of head (aver-
age of five,— .124, .126, .132, .134, and .141). This
highly interesting character does not appear to be as-
sociated with anything else which differentiates it
from the genus Sarcophaga. In the rest of its char-
acters the species belongs to the group of Sarcoph-
agas which are most closely related to each other and
in which the females, so far as known, are at the pres-
ent time almost or entirely indistinguishable from
each other. I am forced to believe that in the midst
of this closely interwoven series of species there exist
several in which the female has male head characters.
It is evident, therefore, that with the present limita-
tions of knowledge these characters could not possibly
be regarded as of generic importance,

Ocellar bristles well developed; outer vertical
bristles not developed; scutellum without apicals;
genital segment red; sixth sternite somewhat elon-
gated, ending with a thin expanded, almost trans-
parent hind margin which is almost one-third as long
as the sclerite itself. This is apparently a rudiment-
ary form of larvipositor.

Length 6 to 7 mm.

Three miles and five females. All from Tifton,
Ga., in the Hough collection; collected in June, 1896.

Holotype. — Female, in the Plough collection.

Allotype. — Male, in the Hough collection.

Paratvpe. — One male, one female. No. 20516,
U. S. N. M.

No. 55. Sarcophaga alcedo n. sp.

With the same characters as ecccisa except the
following :

Front .1.58 width of head. Parafrontals and
parafacials and front part of bucca with distinctly
yellow cast. Wing slightly smoky. Hind calypter
is light brown except the margin.

Forceps with basal portion convex and bearing
rather long, recumbent hairs; beyond this consider-

SAKCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 133

ably bent backward, straight, with a sudden bend
forward to a sharp apex; viewed from behind they
diverge strongly from the base. Accessory plate
quite long and slender, almost iinger-like, with a few
hairs at the tip. Posterior claspers rather straight
and slender; anterior claspers short. Penis witli a
well developed basal segment. Distal segment bend-
ing forward at an angle from this; long and slender,
shining black; smooth for two-thirds of its length.
Near the apex a pair of recurved hooks on the back;
a whitish soft spot beyond these on the side. The or-
gans at the extreme apex are too closely united for
description. Fifth sternite rather U-shaped in basal
part suddenly diverging apically at an angle with a
tuft of black hairs ; underneath a small brown callus.

Female. Front .31 of head, with the usual two
orbital bristles. Parafacials with hairs not very reg-
ularly arranged in a row. The yellow color of the
face of the male only shows faintly in the female.
Genital segment red. The sternite not elongated and
protruding but merely rounded.

Twelve males and one female. One male, one
female, La Fayette, Ind., Sept. 15, 1914, one one pin,
taken in copula by the writer; one male. La Fayette,
Ind., Oct. 6, 1914 (author's collection) ; seven males,
Opelousas, La., March and May, 1897 (Hough col-
lection) ; two males, Lockbourne, Ohio, July 6, 1900,
and Columbus, Ohio, May 11 (Prof. Hine; one male,
Rawlins Co., Kan. (F. X. Wilhams), in Univ. Kan.
collection.

Holotvpe and Allotype. — Male and female. No.
20517, U. S. N. M., from La Fayette, Ind.

No. 56. Sarcophaga prohibita n. sp.

Male. Characters the same as excisa except as
follows: Front .188 of head (average of two, — .183
and 194). Palpi rather slender, yellowish brown,
apices blackened. Third costal segment fully as long

134 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

as the fifth and sixth together. Forceps compara-
tively long and strong, rather straight, not diverging
from each other except a little at the tip; near the
apex with minute granulations hehind, the tips sharp
and a little bent forward. Accessory plate rather
elongated, with dark tip bearing a few hairs. Pos-
terior clasper excised just before the apex in front;
anterior clasper very short and low with a hump be-
hind and a few erect hairs on the hind edge. Penis
with basal segment distinct, brown; distal segment
long, slender for half its length, rapidly enlarging at
apex, bearing on the back a pair of recurved hooks.
In front of these deeply hollowed out in a concavity
each side, separated by a central short keel. Fifth
sternite with a hea\y covering of short black spines
but not with a brush.

Female. Front narrow, .22 of head (average of
four,— .205, .221, .221, .233) ; orbitals entirely want-
ing, as in masculin a. Agrees with the male just de-
scribed, but as usual in females the outer verticals are
well developed and the apical scutellar bristles, as
well as the comb on middle femur, are wanting. Fifth
and sixth sternites red, distinctly separated, the for-
mer hairy, the latter rather long, with broadly roimd-
ed tips, and numerous short, spiny bristles, which are
directed laterally along the sides. The (apparent)
fifth tergite is shining red, with a row of coarse black
hairs on the hind margin.

Length 9 to 9.5 mm.

Two males, four females, from Gove, Ellis, Rus-
sell, Thomas and Trego counties. Western Kansas,
all collected by F. X. Williams, and in the University
of Kansas collection.

Holotype and Allotype. — Female and male re-
spectively, in the University of Kansas. Paratypes,
male and female, No. 20518, U. S. N. M.

One female of still a third species without orbital
bristles was collected in New Mexico by Mr. Walton,
but without the male it would be unwise to give it a
name.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 135

No. 57. Sarcophaga reversa n. sp.

Male. Characters like those of excisa except the
following: Front .146 of head. Antenna? reaching
three-fourths of the way to the vibrissa?. Middle tibia
with three bristles on outer front side. The bristles
of the first segment of hypopygiuni are not very
strong. Forceps red nearly to apex, with very min-
ute spines on the posterior and outer side, the base
with erect fine hair; in profile with a distinct hump
behind, nearly straight from this to apex, which turns
forward very sharply. Viewed from behind they
gradually diverge from the base, and the terminal
hook is bent somewhat laterally. Accessory plate
rather elongated, with a blunt point; posterior clasp-
ers rather long, slender, evenly curved forward to tip ;
anterior claspers short and rather thick. Penis with
somewhat short basal segment, the distal segment
shining black except at base, characterized by a long
projecting loop at the end which doubles back on the
front side, the lateral processes attach at about the
middle of this segment and extend forward in such a
way that in profile there is a large visible opening in
the loop. Fifth sternite black, the two sides closely
approximated for a considerable distance, then
spreading apart at right angles and bearing yellow
pubescence along this edge.

Length 7.5-9 mm.

Numerous males, several from LaFayette, Ind. ;
one from Vincennes, Ind., May 8, 1914; seven from
New Bedford, Mass. (Hough collection) ; two from
Woods Hole, Mass. (A. H. Sturtevant) ; one from
Melrose Highlands, Mass. (H. E. Smith) ; five from
Manahawkin, N. Jersey; one from Clementon, N. J.
(Harbeck) ; one Darby, Pa. (Harbeck) ; one Greene
Co., N. Y. (Carnegie Museum) ; one Montreal, Que-
bec (Harbeck) ; one Sacramento, Cal., and one witli-
out locality, No. 655, both labeled "Collection C. V.
Riley" (U. S. Nat'l Museum) ; one Moscow, Idaho;
one Camp Howard, Idaho (author's collection) one

136 THOMAS SAY lOUNDATION

Colorado, Xo. 1413 (Experiment Station) ; one Se-
attle, Wash. (Hough) ; one Erwin, S. Dak.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20519 U. S. N. M., from
LaFayette, Ind.

Several females collected at LaFayette, Ind., on
flowers of parsnijDS growing wild, along with males of
reversa and marginata, undoubtedly belong to one or
both of these species. They have much grayer color
than the males, which are comparatively dark; the
front in three specimens measured .300, .309, and
.325 of the head (average of .311) ; ocellars and or-
bitals as usual; bucca sloping upward anteriorly in
profile, and the stout vibrissfe slightly above edge of
mouth. Abdomen strongly tessellated, more than in
males; fifth and sixth sternites red or a little brown-
ish, the latter somewhat elongated and trough-shaped,
but straight.

The characters given do not suffice to separate
these females from numerous specimens taken farther
west, which probably belongs to other species of the
closely allied group, in which even the males can
hardly be separated except by genitalic characters.

No. 58. Sarcophaga marginata n. sp.

Male. Characters like eiVcisa except as follows:
Front .148 of head. Antenna? reaching three-fourths
of the way to A^brissa?. Fourth abdominal segment
entirely black. Third costal segment as long as fifth
and sixth together. Forceps entirely yellow or only
the extreme apex a little darkened, with moderate
black hair at base ; beyond the middle of the free part
where they begin to bend forward there, is a thicken-
ing on the outer side surmounted by numerous rather
long slender little spines; apex with a minute hook
on front side ; viewed from behind the forceps diverge
from base and become suddenly wider on the outer
side a little past the middle. Accessory plate slender,
yellow. Posterior clasper very long, slender toward
the apex and strongly hooked. Anterior clasper
broad and stout. Penis with a very long basal joint,

SiUlCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 137

yellow; apical joint black, long and slender in profile.
Beyond the middle it bears on each side a white fringe
or ruffle and on the back is deeply cut into by a trans-
verse notch in which the color is whitish. Fifth stern-
ite yellow, rather V-shaped with delicate hairs and
light colored pubescence along the inner margin.

Female. See note under preceding species.

Length 8-8.5 nmi.

Twelve males. Three, including the type, from
LaFayette, Ind.; one from Wellington, Kan. (H. E.
Smith, Webster No. 7319, from dead grasshoppers
collected outdoors and placed in cage) ; one from Se-
ward Co. (F. X. Williams) in Univ. of Kan. collec-
tion; one from Falls Church, Va. (C. T. Greene, col-
lector) in Forest Insect collection of the Bureau of
Entomology; five from Manahawkin and Wenonah,
N. J. (Harbeck) ; one from Algonquin, 111. (Dr. Na-
son, collector, in author's collection).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20.520, U. S. N. M.

No. 59. Sarcophaga falciformis n. sp.

Characters the same as excisa except the follow-
ing:

Front .163 of head. Hairs around vibrissa and
on the parafacials rather strong; frontals 12 in num-
ber. Mesonotum with rather abundant erect hairs and
strong bristles. Fourth abdominal segment entirely
black. Forceps yellow at base, becoming black at tip,
in profile wide and strongly curved forward suggest-
ing a sickle shape, with short black hairs, hardly
spine-like, at the bend behind; apex ratlier bluntly
pointed. Posterior clasper blackish, slender, rather
flattened at the apex; anterior clasper stouter but
nearly as long; penis with basal segment well devel-
oped, yellow, the apical one standing at an angle, yel-
low at base, with a broad, pale fringe on each side
from about the middle; the back part dividing into
two diverging claw-like flat processes bending for-
ward at the tip. Fifth sternite retracted and almost

138 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

invisible, with dense yellow pubescence all along the
inner side.

Length 5.5-8 mm.

Ten males; five reared Sept. 8, 9, 10, 1892, from
Menanoplus devastator, at Eureka, Cal. (Bureau of
Entomology, No. 5485-0) ; one male Aweme, Mani-
toba, reared by X. Griddle, July 25, 1813, from Me-
lanoplus atlanis. No. 8036; one Milwaukee, Wis.,
June 26, 1895, collected by Prof. Wm. M. Wheeler;
one Algonquin, 111., July 7, 1894, collected by Dr.
Nason; one Colorado, No. 2179 (Experiment Sta-
tion) ; one Black Hills, S. Dak.

A female specimen bearing the same label as the
lot including the holotype, and probably belonging to
this species, is scarcely distinguishable from that of
color ad ensis, having the same type of larvipositor. It
is teneral, and the diagnostic characters, if any, can-
not be positively determined.

Holotype.— No. 20521, U. S. N. M., from Eu-
reka, Cal.

No. 60. Sarcophaga setigera n. sp.

Characters like ejjcisa except the following:
Front .162 of head. Second abdominal segment with
a pair of erect median marginal bristles (one missing
in one specimen). Forceps yellow at base, becoming
shining black at tip ; outer side quite covered except at
base and tip with short recurved spines ; in profile the
forceps cur\^e uniformly forward on hind edge, on the
front edge more suddenly toward the tip, tapering to
a minute hook. They diverge from each other rather
uniformly or increasingly from the base. Accessory
plate quite narrow and slender, not blackened at
apex; posterior clasper long and slender, nearly
straight except at the tip, where it bends forward
forming a hook; anterior clasper shorter and stouter,
rather flattened at tip; penis M^ith an unusually long
and stout basal segment, which is yellow; the distal
segment in profile much more slender, yellow to the
apex; in the back view the distal segment is not di-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 139

vided transversely, but runs out with almost parallel
sides to the apex, where it is notched into two sharp
points; back of this there is a black thickening, pro-
jecting out on each side encircled by a membrane,
which on the two sides forms almost a complete cir-
cle. In profile there is a short, black, stout tube pro-
jecting forward a little before the apex. Fifth stern-
ite quite retracted, V-shaped, with yellow pubescence
on inner edge.

Female. Front .251 width of head. Palpi quite
long and stout. Occiput convex. Bristles of thorax
very stout. Second abdominal segment with erect
marginals as in males; third segment with interrupt-
ed row; fourth segment entirely black; genital seg-
ment pale yellow; fifth sternite pale and rounded; the
sixth one having a distinct sharp larvipositor which is
bent forward.

Legs very bristly ; middle tibia with an increasing
row of bristles on the outer front side.

Length 9 mm.

Two males and two females; one male and one
female from Melrose Highlands, Mass., July 14,
1911 and June 23, 1909, collected by H. E. Smith
and J. D. Tothill respectively ; one male, Glencarden,
Va., July 14, F. Knab (National Museum) ; one fe-
male, Lawrence, Kan. (author's collection).

Holotype (male) and allotype (female). — No.
20522, U. S. N. M., from Melrose Highlands, Mass.

No. 61. Sarcophaga coloradensis n. sp.

Male. Characters of eoccisa except the follow-
ing: Front .159 of head; bucca one-fourth the eye-
height; bristles of parafacials and facial ridges un-
usually long; third joint of antennae one and one-half
times the second joint, reaching about three-fourths
of the way to the vibrissa?. Second abdominal seg-
ment usually without marginal bristles but a pair is
present in two of the specimens. Fourth abdominal
segment entirely black. Forceps reddish yellow, be-
coming black at apex; in profile with straight and

140 tho:mas say foundation

parallel edges for about half the free length, then
curving forward to a straight apex, rather sickle-
shaped. Viewed from behind, the forceps are very-
thin, diverging slightly, and bear on the outer side
of the bend some long and rather delicate spines. Ac-
cessory plate curved, rather wide, the apex smooth
and darkened, with a few long hairs. Posterior clasp-
ers rather long, moderately stout, not very strongly
curved forward; anterior claspers rather stout and
erect, somcM^hat hooked at tip ; penis with yellow basal
segment well developed, the distal segment not very
long, in profile thin at base, becoming convex apically
behind so that the apical half is a globose, semi-trans-
parent hollow structure ; on each side of this there is a
light colored ear-like lobe at the apex; front side of
segment is decidedly concave with well marked rim.
Fifth sternite rather widely open, margin with a few
black hairs, lined with pale pubescence. Middle fe-
mur with a row of four or five bristles on the outer
front side.

Female. Front .28 of head. Thorax with very
strong bristles. Genital segment red, with a heavy
row of bristles; fifth sternite almost straight on the
hind margin. The enclosed segment visible in a tri-
angular space from the center of which there arises
abruptly a slender round, sharp larvipositor grooved
behind and curved a little forward (Figs. 61a, 61b).

Legs very bristly and femora uncommonly stout.
Fourth vein of wing ending in margin unusually far
before the apex, the distance being a little greater than
the fifth costal segment. The third vein rather sinu-
ous from the crossvein to its end, curving forward in
the middle of this segment.

Twenty-two males and twenty-six females, all
from Colorado Experiment Station except one male,
which is from New Bedford, Mass. (Hough collec-
tion ) .

Holotype. — Male, in Hough collection.

Allotype. — Female, in Hough collection.

SxVKCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 141

Paratvpe.— Male and female, No. 20523, U. S.

N. M.

No. 62. Sarcophaga websteri n. sp.

Male. Characters of eoccisa except as follows:
Front .158 of head; bucca one-fourth eyeheight;
about 10 hypoj^leurals ; second segment with a pair
of erect median marginals (one of them absent in
one specimen). Abdomen not so changeable, and
with three moderately distinct black stripes; fourth
segment entirely black. Forceps red, notched be-
tween basal and free part behind, the latter part
rather wide in profile, straight in front and curved
behind, with a prominent tooth bent forward at tip,
on outer side with minute spines; viewed from be-
hind the forceps are moderately diverging and more
spinose; both claspers well developed and strongly
hooked, the anterior shorter and heavier, dark at tip ;
penis with large red basal joint, distal one at an
angle, long, the basal half smooth; distinctly divided
just beyond middle, the apical median portion pale,
smooth behind, at tip notched or emarginate; anter-
ior to this the fleshy part of the organ has two lobes
on each side, one projecting forward, the other back;
fifth sternite yellow, V-shaped, somewhat hairy
along edge, with pale pubescence inside.

Length 9 mm.

Three males: Glencarlyn, Va., July 14; Ross-
lyn, Va., July 4; Kensington, Md., July 4, 1907, the
first and last collected by Frederick Knab, of the Na-
tional Museum.

Named in honor of I'rancis INIarion Webster,
whose distinguished career in economic entomology
came to an end a few days before these lines were
written, and who in December, 1913, requested the
author to take up the study of the North American
Sarcophagidee.

Type.— No. 20524, U. S. N. M., from Glen-
carlyn, Va.

142 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

No. 63. Sarcophaga angustifrons n. sp.

Male.- Like excisa except in the following par-
ticulars: Front narrower than in any other of the
series, averaging .098 of head width (the six males
give the figures .090, .084, .096, .120, .085, and .111) ;
the narrowest point is at the third frontal bristle;
bucca one-fourth the eyeheight; fourth abdominal
segment entirely black. Forceps reddish brown, al-
most straight on front edge, the hind edge parallel
for over half the free length, then approaching the
front edge with a diminishing angle of convergence,
so that there is a concavity in the profile and the tip
seems drawn out and slender; at the extreme tip
there is a well-marked tooth on the front side; back
of forceps with minute spines on basal two-thirds; in
back view the forceps diverge moderately from base,
more rapidly near the apex. Accessory plates yel-
low, slender and curved; posterior clasper slender,
dark brown, curved strongly forward at apex; an-
terior clasper stouter and shorter, with a consider-
able hook at tip ; penis with yellow basal segment, the
distal one black, flat, moderately long, the apical
processes spreading U-shaped with the ends twisted
outward; between the arms of the U, arising from
the pale central mass, is the terminal part, which
looks like the head of some little animal with a long
snout turned down; on the front or inner side of the
distal segment are a pair of disklike, rather soft pads
or lobes, surrounded by a harder rim. Fourth stern-
ite rather widely open below, the fifth, however, but
little visible, bearing only a few hairs and pale pubes-
cence.

Length 8-8V2 mm.

Six males, Tifton, Ga., September and October,
1896 (Hough collection) ; one male, Socorro, N. M.,
collected by Dr. S. W. Williston in the summer of
1916.

Three females, Tifton, Ga., Oct., 1896, are pre-
sumably of the same species. The front measures
.28, .299, and .307 of the head; there are the usual

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 143

two orbitals, and the outer vertical is well developed;
genital segment red, the tergal part with long mar-
ginal bristles; sternite developed into a short, blunt
point, which does not bend forward, and hardly pro-
trudes from the abdomen in repose. Middle tibia
with a row of three increasing bristles on the outer
front side.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20525, U. S. N. M.,
from Socorro, N. M.

No. 64. Sarcophaga aculeata n. sp.

Male. Like eojcisa except in the following
points: Front .166 of head (average of six, which
gave .162, .166, .160, .183, .165, and .161); fourth
abdominal segment wholly black. Forceps yellow,
brown toward apex; concave twice in front in pro-
file— once near the middle and again near the apex;
behind rather evenly curved nearly to the tip, where
they are slightly concave; the tip has a tooth pro-
jecting forward; back of forceps rather coarsely
spinose; from behind they are moderately diverging
with the tips twisted outward. Accessory plate rather
long and slender, curved; posterior clasper long,
blackened apically, and gradually curved forward;
anterior clasper of medium length, black, stout,
curved; penis with long yellow basal segment, the
distal blackish, flat, normally at a right angle with the
preceding; the apical processes are wider than those
in angustifrons and vary in the amount of their di-
vergence,— in some cases they separate U-shaped and
show the central terminal organ much as it appears
in angustifrons, in others they touch each other and
conceal the organ; on tlie front or inner side of the'
segment is a pair of flat pads microscopically denti-
culate or granulate anteriorly. Fifth sternite nar-
rowly split at the bottom, with a sudden almost square
widening before the middle of the fourth tergite, the
basal exposed part black, somewhat hairy, the border
with pale pubescence, the terminal lobes concealed.

144 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Female. Front .29 of the head (three gave .29,
.29, 303) ; in most of the specnnens the frontal stripe
is pollinose above, blending with the paraf rontais ;
orbitals and outer verticals present; paraf acials
quite wide, with a double row of hairs below; genital
segment red, the last sternite moderately elongated,
sometimes distinctly blackened, ending in an almost
square tip.

Length 61/0-9 mm.

Twenty-six males, fifteen females: eight males
and twelve females are from Wellington, Kan., bred
from grasshopi^ers by E. G. Kelly (Webster No.
7398) ; three additional males differ only in having
other Webster numbers (7399, 8281); two males
Sacramento Co., Cal., Sept., "bred from C spretus"
(C. V. Riley collection in National Museum) ; three
pairs bred from Mdanoplus atlanis at Brawley,
Cal., by T. D. Urbahns (his No. 1654) ; three males
Natrona, Cal., July 15 and 18, 1885, bred material
but unaccompanied with data (same collection) ; a
pair from Alpine, Cal., reared from a grasshopper by
C. M. Packard (Pasadena, No. 16163) ; two from
London, Ont. (Hough coll.) ; two from Lewis-
ton, and one from Moscow, Idaho (author's coll.) ;
one Pullman, Wash. (Doane).

Although none of the females were taken in
copula, there is no reason to question the identity of
these from Wellington; I have a large number of fe-
males from the other localities wliich appear to be the
same, among them five collected at Trenton, Ky.,
Sept. 2, 1915, by Geo. G. Ainslie, wlio noted that they
attacked flying grasshoppers {Schistoccrea ameri-
cana) in the manner recorded by E. G. Kelly for S.
Kelly i (Jour. Agr. Research ii, 435), Webster No.
10895.

Holotype— Male, No. 20526, U. S. N. M., from
Wellington, Kan.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20526, U. S. N. M.,
from same place.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 145

No. 65. Sarcophaga aculeata var. gavia n. var.

Differs from the species only in the genitaha,
and in these principally in two respects: the lateral
lobes of the distal segment of the penis are much
larger, heavily chitinized, and spinose on the outer
side; while the apical processes are stout and much
more strongly divergent at their base than in acule-
ata, so that they form a U rather than a V.

Five males; two (including the type) from
Koehler, N. M. (W. R. Walton, coll.) ; two old speci-
mens from the Bureau of Entomology are marked
only "6-1690"; a fifth from Ocean Grove, N. J., may
be another variety, but is not in very good condition
to identify.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20527, U. S. N. M., from
Koehler, N. M.

No. 66. Sarcophaga aculeata var. tsediosa n. var.

Males. Differs from aculeata in no measurable
way, except in having the characters of the penis set
forth in the table and shown in the figure; the for-
ceps also are in back view uncommonly thin and at
tip more broadly truncate than in the related forms;
the front of some specimens is a little narrower, the
width compared with the entire head being .158, .156,
.172, .181, .173, .151, and .161 (average .165).

Seven males: five Brookings, S. D., two of these
dated May 30, 1891 (all collected by the writer) ; one
"12 miles northwest of Lusk, Wyo., July, 1895," in
the Kansas collection; one Koehler, X. M. (W. R.
Walton).

Three females, Brookings, S. D., are of the same
lot as the five males and presumably the same species,
but offer no distinctive characters; the width of the
front is .292, .285, .302 (average .293).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20527, U. S. N. M., from
Brookings, S. D. Allotype, female, same number
and locality.

146 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

No. 67. Sarcophaga flavipes n. sp.

Male. Front .157 of head (in one specimen) ;
parafrontals narrow, thinly gray pollinose, the black
ground color showing through; the pollen becomes
considerably denser below, so that the parafacials
have a silvery sheen, but thinner than usual; they are
narrow, and bear a long and almost double row of
stout hairs; facial impression reddish, extending up
the facialia almost to a connection with the frontal
stripe, which is of similar color and texture ; antennae
yellow, third joint brown, 2V2 times the second, and
reaching almost to the vibrissie; arista with usual
plumosity for half its length ; the vibrissas are slightly
above the oral margin, which is itself, owing to the
curvature of the bucca, much above the lower line of
the head; palpi yellow at base, strongly infuscated,
almost black on apical half ; proboscis mostly yellow ;
bucca one-third eyeheight; back of head flat, with
about three rows of black hairs behind eye and con-
siderable pale beard below and about the neck; outer
vertical absent; ocellars slender, not large.

Thorax gray pollinose, with the usual 3-5 black
stripes; ps dc 3; ant acr strong; presc medium; stpl
3; scutellum with two lateral, one subapical rather
small, one apical of medium size.

Abdomen whitish-pollinose, tessellated, with a
fairly distinct median line, fourtli segment with red
hind border; first and second abdominal segments
with only laterals, third with a pair of large median
marginals and several laterals at a distance from
them; fourth with the usual marginal row, about 14.

Hypopygium small, red; first segment retract-
ed, with a row of slender bristles near hind edge ; sec-
ond with several straight scattered erect small bris-
tles; forceps small, yellow, thin and bladelike when
viewed from behind, in profile tapering, slightly
curved forward to a symmetrical point, which bears
a small tooth; accessory plate yellow, ending in a
rather sharp point; posterior clasper rather narrow,

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 147

straight, with hooked tip; anterior clasper yellow,
curved, stout, with blunt tip; penis slender, yellow,
basal joint quite long; distal one slender for half its
length, then with a padlike, partly pale lobe on each
side, and a central short copulating tube turned for-
ward.

CoxtC, femora and tibiae yellow, tarsi black ; mid-
dle femora without a comb ; middle tibia with two bris-
tles on outer side; hind tibiae not villous.

Wings distinctly blackened at base ; a small cos-
tal spine; third costal segment nearly equal to fifth;
first and third veins hairy, the latter almost to cross-
vein.

Female. Front .297 of head (average of two, —
.292 and .301) ; with the usual two orbitals, ocellars
stout and outer verticals distinct but not very large;
frontals about seven, extending to middle of second
antennal segment; divergent below (in male 12,
otherwise the same) ; antennae and palpi slightly
lighter than in male ; no apicals on scutellum ; genital
segment red, with oval opening; tlie sixth and sev-
enth sternites pollinose, modified into a distinct larvi-
positor which curves downward and ends in a some-
what blunt, shining point. Wings subhyaline.

Length, 6-7l'4 mm.

One male, two females: Tifton, Ga;, Aug. 30,
and Oct. 5 and 16 (Hough coll.).

Holotype and allotype, male and female, in
Hough collection, University of Chicago; paratype
female. No. 20529, I.T. S. N. M.

No. 68. Sarcophag-a larga n. sp.

Male. Front .305 of widtli of head (average of
five,— .285, .304, .305, .308, .321 ) ; parafrontals and
parafacials silvery; the latter rather wide with a few
slender hairs in a row on the lower part ; frontal bris-
tles about 7, descending hardly below the base of the
second antennal joint; moderately diverging below.
Antennae black, the third joint twice as long as the
second and reaching four-fifths of the way to the vi-

148 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

brissai which are at the oral margin; arista plumose
as usual a little over half its length. Palpi black;
proboscis very short; bucca one-third the eyeheight;
back of head with irregular black hairs above except
the outside row, below with some pale beard. Outer
vertical bristles present.

Thorax heavily gray pollinose with the usual
3 to 5 black stripes ; ant acr unusually strong, 2 pairs ;
prsc rather small and slender ; ps dc 3 ; scutellum with
2 marginals; 1 subapical of good size and no apical.

Abdomen with the usual cliangeable tessellation ;
the median dark line indistinct; in profile, the seg-
ments become successively deeper so that with the
flat hypopygium the shape of the abdomen is quite
unusual, being large and truncate behind. The first
and second segments have only lateral bristles, the
third with an interrupted row, the fourth with a row
diminishing on the sides, about 14 in all. First seg-
ment of hypopygium broad and bulky, usually black
with red apical margin, sometimes almost wholly red,
pollinose with erect hairs, some of which near the hind
margin are occasionally large enough to be regarded
as a row of bristles. In profile this hind margin is
nearly parallel with that of the fourth abdominal seg-
ment. Second red with rather abundant black hair,
short and more massive than in some species. For-
ceps peculiarly small, entirely yellow, the free part
suddenly narrowed from the attached part and al-
most perfectly straight, with a minute hook on the
front side at the tip; in profile not at all divergent.
Accessory plate yellow and stout, standing away
from the forceps at a considerable distance. Poster-
ior clasper yellow-white almost to tip, then excised in
semicircular form, leaving a slender apical hook; at
the beginning of the excision is a long hair; anterior
clasper in the form of a large, rounded yellow lobe,
concave behind, standing up beside the penis, at its
inner hind edge suddenly prolonged into a long slen-
der semicircular hook. Basal segment of the penis
strikingly slender; the apical segment from behind is

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 149

rather pear-shaped, shining yellow; in side view it
has at the apex a pair of very delieate, almost hair-
like small processes curved backward; just outside of
these are two short, very slender yellow processes
curving around in a semicircle ; in front of these, aris-
ing from the middle of the segment, are two stout
brown lobes covered on the front and outer sides with
a dense brush of spines. Fifth sternite yellowish
brown, not very widely excised along its inner mar-
gin, with a brush of short stiff spines.

Legs black; middle femur without spines; mid-
dle tibia on outer side with two bristles, the lower one
strikingly long; hind tibia without villosity; two pos-
terior bristles at its middle are strikingly long.

Wings hyaline; first and third veins hairy; a
very short costal spine ; third costal segment consider-
ably shorter than fifth. Epaulet black.

Female. Front .362 of head (average of five, —
.340, .351, .360, .378, .379). Parafacials with very
small and inconspicuous hairs. Proboscis shining
black, rather swollen in the middle. Genital seg-
ment red, the orifice oval and fringed with hairs.

Length 6-10 mm.

Numerous males and females. New Bedford,
Horse Neck Beach and Woods Hole, Mass.; Oak
Island, N. Y. ; Malaga, Clementon and Manahaw-
kin, N. J.; Beaufort, N. C, 4 specimens bred from
terrapin eggs by W. P. Hay, issued Sept. 29, 1915;
College Park, Md. ; Virginia Beach, Va. ; Columbia,
S. C, "Puparium found in tunnel of D. saccharalis,
Luginbill"; Tifton, Ga. ; Opelousas, La.; La Fayette
and Vincennes, Ind. ; Lawrence, Kan.; Brookings, S.
Dak., and Colorado.

Holotvpe.— Male, No. 20530, LT. S. N. M., from
Oak Id., N. Y.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20530, U. S. N. M.,
from Virginia Beach, Va.

150 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

No. 69. Sarcophaga rufiventris Wied.

Wiedemann, Auss. Zweifl. ii, 362, 1830. — Brazil.
Brauer und von Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Mus., v, 414,
1 89 1, oc. in Texas.

A slender species, somewhat below medium size,
instantly distinguished from all others by the abdo-
men being a bright red except at the base, and not
very strongly pollinose.

Male. Front .257 of head; parafacials and para-
frontals silvery; parafrontals, however, subshining
above; parafacials with a few hairs near the eve;
about 8 frontal bristles, descending only to the base
of the antenna?, moderately divergent below; the an-
tenna3 brownish red; third joint less than twice the
second, reaching three-fourths of the way to the vibris-
sae, which are at the oral margin. Bucca over one-
fourth the eyeheight, bare and somewhat silvery in
front ; palpi black ; proboscis small ; back of head with
two rows of black hairs and considerable pale beard;
outer vertical bristle present, the inner one very large.

Thorax densely gray pollinose, the usual stripes
not very distinct ; ps dc 3 ; ant acr rather small but dis-
tinct; prsc smallish; stpl 3; the scutellum with two
marginals, subapicals almost imperceptible, 1 pair
smallish aj)icals, not convergent.

Abdomen as described; first and second seg-
ments with one lateral bristle; third segment with an
interrupted row; fourth with a row of 14.

Hypopygium yellowish red, of medium size,
lightly pollinose; first segment apparently without
bristles; second segment with some rather coarse
black hairs. Forceps nearly straight, hardly diverg-
ing at all, in profile about equally slender from base
to apex and not provided with any hook or tooth ; ac-
cessory plate small, narrowing into a slender point;
posterior clasper brown and slender, nearly straight,
not hooked at apex, bearing on the front side a very
long hair, beyond which it is considerably narrowed;
anterior clasper stout, strongly curved, with a thin
edge, but not hooked; penis small, rather difficult to

SARCOPHAGA AND ALIJES 151

see in the single specimen ; its distal segment bears at
the tip a pair of blunt, diverging points, between
which is a third one of about the same shape and size.

Legs black, middle ones missing in the specimen;
hind tibia not villous.

Wings subhyaline ; first and third veins with long
bristles; costal spines strong; third costal segment a
little shorter than the fifth ; apical cell rather narrow-
ly open, or closed in the margin, or even short-petio-
late. Fourth vein ending considerably before the
apex. Hind crossvein rather erect, a little nearer to
the bend than to the small crossvein.

Female. Front .314 of the head (average of
three,^ — .306, .314, .321), with the usual orbital bris-
tles, outer vertical rather weak. Genital segment red,
orifice roundish, fringed with small black hairs. Mid-
dle tibia with two bristles on outer front side. Scutel-
lum with a pair of small, diverging apicals.

Length 6 to 7 mm.

One male and three females: one male and one
female are from San Rafael, Vera Cruz, Mex. (C.
H. T. Townsend), correctly identified by Mr. Co-
quillett in the U. S. National Museum collection; two
females from Brownsville, Tex., in the University of
Kansas collection.

Type. — In Imperial Museum, Vienna.

No. 70. Sarcophaga ampulla n. sp.

Male. Front .208 of head; parafrontals and
parafacials silvery, the latter with a row of conspicu-
ous hairs, rather coarse below; frontal stripe black;
frontal bristles about 8, the lower ones diverging
moderately and reaching the base of the second an-
tennal joint; ocellar bristles strong; outer vertical
bristles distinctly developed; antemic'e black, second
joint elongated so that it is more than half the length
of the third, the latter, however, reaches four-fifths
of the way to the vibrissa, which are at the oral mar-
gin; bucca one-fifth the eyeheight, clothed mostly
with pale yellow hairs, many of which are before the

1.52 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATIOK

suture; back of head with two rows of black hairs,
running out at the lower edge of the orbit; palpi and
proboscis black, ordinary.

Thorax thinly gray pollinose, with the usual
three to five stripes, which are brown when viewed
from in front; ps dc 3; ant acr present but small;
prsc small; stpl 3, large; scutellum w4th 3 pairs of
marginals, the intermediate small; one pair smallish
subapicals. The scutellum bears numerous pale hairs
along and underneath its border at each side.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with a
shining median black line ; fourth segment more than
half bright red; first and second segments with only
lateral bristles; third with stout, erect median mar-
ginal pair ; fourth with marginal row of about a doz-
en, of which several near the middle are very stout;
fifth sternite red, deeply excised, sides not very
strongly divergent and bearing only small hairs.

Hypopygium red; first segment considerably
retracted, apparently without bristles; second seg-
ment globose, shining, without bristles; forceps shin-
ing black, the attached part short, the free part un-
usually long and slender, straight for two-thirds of
its length, then gradually bent forward, tapering to
a sharp point. Viewed from behind, the forceps di-
verge very little. Accessory plate small, triangular,
blackish; posterior clasper erect, nearly straight,
blackish, moderately curved forward at tip; anterior
clasper sliorter and more strongly curved, shining
black, the tip thin and straight; penis with short,
small brown basal segment, the distal segment elon-
gated and swollen, suggesting a flask; the back part
of it is shining brown, the sides and front are mostly
white and semi-transparent. It bears no perceptible
appendages except at the front edge at tip, where
there are three processes in a row, the lateral pair
curving outward, the median one slightly bent for-
ward.

SARCOPHAGA AXD ALIJES 153

Legs black; middle femur without comb; mid-
dle tibia with two bristles on outer front side; hind
tibia not villous.

Wings hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment about equal to the fifth; first and third veins
with a dense row of hairs.

Length 6I4 iWlIlI.

One male. Dallas ,Tex., April 29, 1914. (Bisli-
opp No. 3169). Adult collected on flowers of Cha-
mopcrista cinerea.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20.531, U. S. N. M.

No. 71. Sarcophaga biseriata n, sp.

Male. Front rather wide, .213 of head; para-
facials and parafrontals silvery, the former with a sin-
gle row of delicate hairs close to the eye; frontals
seven, reaching to first fourth of the second antenna!
joint, not very strongly divergent below; antennae
black, rather slender, third joint twice the second and
reaching five-sixths of the way to the vibrissa?, which
are almost at the oral margin; arista with the usual
plumosity for a little more than half its length ; palpi
and proboscis black, ordinary; bucca over one-fourth
the eyeheight; back of head with two rows of black
hairs, and rather abundant white ones around the
neck and below; outer verticals not differentiated.

Thorax gray pollinose with the usual 3-5 black
stripes; ps dc 3; anterior acr rudimentary, hardly
more than hairs ; stpl 3 ; prsc damaged by pin ; scutel-
lum \,ith two marginals and a small apical, no trace
of apicals.

Abdomen with the usual changeable pollen,
fourth segment with apical half red ; first and second
segments with only lateral bristles; third with a me-
dian marginal pair and two lateral; fourth with mar-
ginal row of 12.

Hypopygium red; first segment large and long,
not much curved downward, with a row of small bris-
tles on hind margin; second segment globose, sub-
shining, with erect hairs. Forceps yellow nearly to

154 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

the tip, perfectly straight on front side; viewed from
behind they are not divergent, and are blunt, almost
truncate at tip; accessory plate small, turned in
against forceps; posterior claspers yellow, flat and
curved forward, with a long hair about middle; an-
terior clasper dark at tip, slender and rather straight.
Penis with long, curved, yellow basal joint, the dis-
tal one suddenly enlarging in front and behind; in
front it spreads out into a disk that runs back some-
what toward the base; behind it slopes back, then
downward into a minute hooded terminal tube; be-
tween this tube and the disk in front is a large cavity
open apically but closed on the sides. Fifth sternite
showing as two little pads with a brush of small bris-
tles.

Legs black; middle femur not with combs; mid-
dle tibia with two bristles on outer front side; hind
tibia not with villosity.

Wings subhyaline ; a moderate costal spine ; first
and third veins hairy; third costal segment three-
fifths of the fifth.

Female. Front .333 of head in width ; the usual
orbitals, and the outer vertical developed; frontals
and occipital hairs as in male; ant acr absent; pre-
scutellar very small; third abdominal segment with
marginal row of 8 or 10 ; fourth segment almost whol-
ly red, its sides converging almost to a point, and the
transverse row of bristles located a little beyond the
middle ; the infolded sides of the fourth segment con-
ceal the genital segment.

Length S^/o mm.

One male, one female, Havana, Cuba (C. F.
Baker).

Holotvpe and allotvpe. — Male and female. No.
20532, U. *S. N. M.

No. 72. Sarcophag-a surrubea V. d. W.

Van der Wulp, Biologia Centrali Americana, Dipt., ii,
273. — Mexico.

Male. Front .233 of head (average of five, —

.216, .220, .240, .242, .245) ; parafrontals and para-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 155

facials silvery poUinose, the pollen being rather
coarser than usual; parafacials with a row of hairs
below, which are occasionally rather strong; frontal
bristles about seven, descending to the base of the
second antennal joint, not very w^idely divergent.
Antennae black, the third joint not quite as long as
the second, reaching four-fifths of the way to the vi-
brissas, which are at the oral margin ; arista long, plu-
mose for about two-thirds of its length. Palpi black;
proboscis small; bucca one-fifth the eyeheight; back
of head with three rows of black hairs and a few pale
ones around the neck as well as below.

Thorax gray pollinose with the usual 3 to 5 black
stripes ; ps dc 3 ; ant acr not differentiated ; prsc very
minute; stpl 3; scutellum with 2 large marginal, 1
small preapical and one small apical. The second
submarginal is usually long, reaching to about the
middle of the third abdominal segment.

Abdomen black and silvery, with changeable tes-
sellation; fourth segment mostly red; first and sec-
ond segments with only lateral bristles ; third with an
interrupted row ; fourth with a row of ten.

Hypopygium red, rather large; first segment
considerably retracted, with a few short hairs on the
hind margin; second segment red, subshining, glo-
bose, with a few rather large erect hairs, two of which
are quite bristle-like. Forceps nearly straight, slen-
der, not divergent, red nearly to apex, gently in-
clined forward near tip, which is moderately sharp
but not hooked. Accessory plates large, yellow,
drawn together behind the penis and not distinctly
separated from the body of the second segment. Pos-
terior clasper black, rather short, stout and strongly
curved; anterior ones much more slender, yellow,
with hooked slender tip. Penis with yellow basal
joint, much constricted between the segments, the
distal one slender and yellow for a third its length,
then suddenly large, globose and black; there is a
large lateral plate on each side, circular, partly white ;
these unite in front and conceal the inner parts ex-

156 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

cept from the apex, which is open. Fifth sternite
yellow, concealed except narrowly along the middle
line, the fourth tergite forming a compressed median
ridge.

Legs black; middle femur sometimes dark
brown; the hind trochanters with a bunch of spines;
middle femur without comb; middle tibia with tw^o
bristles; hind tibia not villous.

Wings slightly brownish; first and third veins
hairy, the hairs on the third extending beyond the
crossvein; no costal spines; third costal segment con-
siderably shorter than the fifth.

Female. Front .325 of head ( average of five, —
.314, .317, .323, .348), with the usual orbital bristles
and the outer verticals developed. No apical bristles
on the scutellum. Fourth abdominal segment red for
at least half its length. Genital segment red, the
small orifice slit-like, with a fringe of erect bristles.

Numerous specimens of both sexes collected at
Havana, Cuba, by C. F. Baker; two males, Bermuda
Islands (C. W. Johnson).

Holotype. — In the Godman and Salvin collec-
tion, London.

No. 73. Sarcophaga hospes n. sp.

Male. Front .141 of head. Parafacials and
parafrontals yellow, pollinose, the latter rather nar-
row, with numerous hairs; frontal bristles about 12,
widely diverging below, reaching to the middle of the
second antennal joint; antenna? black; third joint less
than twice the second, rather slender, reaching three-
fourths of the way to the vibrissa, which are on the
oral margin; arista long-plumose for a little more
than half its length ; the facial impression and f acialia
blackish, the latter hairy for more than half the
length ; palpi black, hairy, rather long ; proboscis very
short; bucca one-fourth the eyeheight, with yellow
pollen. Back of head with about three rows of black
hairs, considerable yellowish hair above the neck as
well as below. The eye is narrowly bordered with

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 157

yellowish pollen behind. Outer vertical bristles ab-
sent. Ocellars slender.

Thorax with yellowish gray pollen and very dis-
tinct black stripes; ps dc 3; ant acr well developed;
prsc quite small; stpl 3; scutellum with 2 long mar-
ginal, 1 smallish subapical, and a rather large pair
of apicals.

Abdomen with yellowish gray changeable pol-
len. A distinct median black stripe on the second and
third segments, which is shining in certain lights.
First and second segments with only marginal bris-
tles; third with an interrupted row, and fourth with
a row of about 14.

Hypopygium small. First segment red, a little
brownish at the base, with slender hairs but no real
bristles ; second segment yellowish red, pollinose, with
erect hairs. Forceps yellow except at tip; the free
part somewhat blade-like or sickle-shaped, curving
rather uniformly forward, with a tooth on the front
side at the apex; viewed from behind, they diverge
very little ; accessory plate pale yellow, long and slen-
der; claspers brown, rather slender, the hind ones
longer and more hooked; penis long, slender and
simple; basal joint yellow, small; distal one slightly
darker, long and rather flat, curved forward toward
tip and ending in a small, blunt tube at right angles
to the body of the segment. There is a single small,
earlike lobe on each side near the base of the tube, no
other processes visible.

Legs black, the middle femur underneath on the
hind side with only about three blunt spines near the
apex. Middle tibia with two bristles on outer front
side; hind tibia without villosity.

Wings distinctly brownish, paler along the hind
margin; no costal spines; third and fifth segments of
costa about equal; first and third veins hairy.

Length 7 mm.

One male collected by H. S. Parish at Bartica,
British Guiana, May 2, 1901.

Holotype. — Male, in Professor Hine's collec-
tion.

158 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

No. 74. Sarcophaga helicis Towns.

Townsend, Psyche, vi, 220, 1892. — Ohio, bred from Helix

thyroides.
Coquillett, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil, 1895, 317 (Heli-
cobia) ; Proc. U. S. N. M., xxii, oc. in Porto Rico
(id.).
Howard, Insect Life, vi, 372, bred from Loxostege sticti-

calis.
Townsend„ Psyche, vi, 468, 1893, reared by Forbes in
Ilhnois from Lachnosterna sp., Fontia rapac, and
Heliophila unipuncia.
Morgan, Bull. 30, n. ser., Div. of Entomology, 1901, 25,

bred from Melanoplus differentialis in Mississippi.
Washburn, Diptera of Minnesota (Bull 93, Minn. Exp.
Sta.), 143, reared from Melanoplus atlanis in Minn.
Pratt, Canad. Ent., xliv, 181, 1912, bred from cow ma-
nure in Texas.
Kelly, Jour. Agr. Research, ii, 441, bred from grasshop-
pers at Wellington, Kan.
Aldrich, Jour. Econ. Ent., viii, 245, summary of rearings.
Male. Front .215 of hccad (average of five, —
.192, .211, .211, .219, .241) ; parafrontals and para-
facials silvery, the latter narrow with the usual row
of hairs which are bristle-like below; frontal bristles
about 7, only descending to the base of the second an-
tennal joint, moderately divergent; antennte black,
the third joint almost twice the second, reaching
three-fourths of the way to the vibrissiE, which are at
oral margin; arista with ordinary plumosity; palpi
and proboscis black, ordinary; bucca one-fifth eye-
height; back of head with three rows of black hairs
and rather numerous white ones around the neck and
below.

Thorax gray pollinose, with the usual three to
five black stripes ; ps dc three ; ant acr absent or very
rudimentary; prsc rather small; stpl 3; scutellum
with 2 pairs of marginals (second very long) ; pre-
apical short, apical rather small but distinct.

Abdomen black and silvery, with strong tessel-
lation and indications of three changeable black
stripes; hind edge of fourth segment red; first and
third segments with only lateral bristles; third with
an interrupted row; fourth with a row of about 12.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 159

Hypopygium small; first segment somewhat
blackish on the narrow visible part, with a few rather
strong hairs ; second segment red, with scattered erect
stout hairs or small bristles. Forceps yellow at base,
scarcely divergent, curving forward and rather rap-
idly tapering to a simple point; accessory plate yel-
low with a black outer margin, rounded and hairy;
posterior clasper erect, straight, sharp and curved
forward at apex with a stout hair near base ; anterior
clasper strongly bent forward, nearly bare, the apical
part almost straight, flat, not hooked; penis with
rather short, reddish-brown basal segment ; the distal
segment on its basal third is brown behind and white
in front, the body of the segment is globose, the back
part shining black; the various processes are mostly
concealed within broad black lamella?. Fifth sternite
yellow, broadly V-shaped, with yellow pubescence
and delicate black hairs.

Legs black, the middle femur without comb;
middle tibia with two bristles on the outer side; hind
tibia without villosity. Claws and pulvilli elongated,
the latter brown.

Wings hyaline; no costal spines; third and fifth
costal segments about equal; the first and third veins
hairy, the hairs of the latter extending to the cross-
vein.

Female. Front .329 of head (average of five,—
.315, .326, .33, .336, .34) ; outer vertical bristles
large; palpi somewhat clavate; scutellum with-
out apical bristles; genital segment red with a slit-
like orifice, with a few bristles.

Length 3-8 mm.

One of the conmionest North American species;
in the Hough collection 1 saw 1250 specimens. Co-
quillett (Proc. U. S. N. M., xxii, 255) has reported
it from Porto Rico, and Johnson (Annals E. S. A.,
vi, 447), from Bermuda, and there are before me
specimens from Panama (Sturtevant), British Hon-
duras, and Havana; in the LTnited States it is com-
mon everywhere, most of the states being represented

160 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

in the material; it appears to diminish northward, as
there are no Canadian specimens in what I have ac-
cmimlated (Gibson, however, reports it from Mon-
treal in his 1913 Record, — Report Ent. Soc. Ont.,
1913, 122).

Bred material is abundant; most of the records
known to me have been included in my article on The
Economic Relations of the Sarcophagidce, in Journal
of Economic Entomology, viii, 242-240. It is very
likely that the species breeds largely in dead insects,
and some of the records were made without allowing
for this possibility. However, the species is a true
parasite in grasshoppers and in Eleodes, and prob-
ably quite often in Lepidoptera and other insects.
With this element of uncertainty to be kept in mind,
the following are the cases of rearing recorded for the
material I have examined.

Two males and four females from adult Cory-
dalis cornuta at Washington (Bur. Ent. no. 422-xo) ;
issued July 14, 1894.

Three males, two females from Cicada tibicen
collected at Waterfield, Va. (Bur. Ent. no. 2851-0 ) ;
issued Sept. 4, 1894.

Two females from a jar that had contained
larva? of Calosomasp., at Washington (Bur. Ent. no.
3068-0) ; issued Sept. 13, 1894.

One of each sex from hcucania unipuncta ( Bur.
Ent. no. 35c) ; issued July 17, 1880.

Four males, eight females, from adults of La-
chnosterna arcuata in breeding cage at Washington;
issued July 12, 1893. These were probably scaven-
gers (Bur. Ent. no. ol03-a).

Two females from adults of the beetle Dinapate
wrightii in breeding cage in Washington; issued Sept.
11, 1897. Probably scavengers (Bur. Ent. no.
7380-O).

Numerous specimens, Wellington, Kan., bred
from grasshopjDers by E. G. Kelly (Webster Nos.
7393, 7398) ; mentioned by Kelly in Journal of Agri-
cultural Research, ii, 441.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 161

Numerous specimens, La Fayette, Ind., bred by
J. J. Davis from larvae of the Army Worm collected
in eastern Michigan; issued June 7, 1915. Some were
from cages in which care had been taken to introduce
only living caterpillars (Aldrich, Journal of Eco-
nomic Entomology, viii, 244) ; Mr. Davis, however,
expressed some doubt to me later about the exclusion
of all uncertainty in this case.

One male, three females, Belleville, Kan., reared
from Eleodes o])aca by W. E. Pennington (Webster
No. 13510).

One female, Enola, Va., reared from SiJaraholus
sp. (a Myriapod), by Sara Reynolds.

Type. — Female, in University of Kansas.

Sarcophaga amblycoryphae Coq,

Coquillett, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., vi, 187, 1904, female
only.

The species was described from a single female,
bred by Dr. George Dimmock, at Springfield, Mass.,
from "a living adult of Amhlycorypha ohlongifolia/'
In the Hough collection I found a female from
Jamesburg, N. J., which on comparison with the type
in the National Museum appeared to be identical and
is so labeled ; no males have been found which can be
determined as the same species, hence it is impos-
sible to say positively whether the species would be
correctly located in Group B or Group D. As my
female shows a rudimentary larvipositor, the latter al-
ternative is very likely the correct one. The com-
parison with the type having been made some time
ago, I dare not press it too far in announcing minute
characters from my specimen; so I will only add to
the original description that the anterior acrostichals
are well developed. Until a corresponding male is
found the species cannot be satisfactorily known. The
habit, however, was worth noting, and probably justi-
fies the description of the species from the female.

Holotype.— Female, No. 7963, U. S. N. M.

162 thomas say foundation

Group E.
Four postsutural dorsocentrals ; hind tibiiE vil-
lous; hypopygium entirely black.

Table of Species. — Males.

1. Front about as wide as one eye; middle tibia?

with long, dense villosity on distal half of
inner side; very robust species (Atlantic sea-
coast from Massachusetts to Texas)

No. 75. johnsoni n. sp.
Front much narrower than one eye ; middle tibicU
not conspicuously villous 2.

2. Forceps large and long, deeply grooved on the

back, the base with long, dense black hair
Europe and Massachusetts)

No. 76. uliginosa Kramer.
Forceps not as described 3.

3. Anterior clampers large, thick, with grooved back

(Massachusetts, Ontario, Washington)
No. 77. aldrichi Park.
Anterior clasper not grooved on back 4.

4. Penis hooded and with a hump on the back, no

processes visible (Massachusetts, New
York) No. 78. houghi n. sp.

Penis globose with several characteristic slender
processes at apex (Europe, Massachusetts,
Idaho)

No. 79. tuherosa var. liarpaw Pand.

No. 75. Sarcophag-a johnsoni n. sp.

Male. Front .317 of the head (average of five,
— .306, .309, .318, .320, .333), strongly protuberant,
as is also the oral margin; eyes rather small so that
the parafacials and bucca are considerably wider than
usual, the latter as high as the eye ; front and face sil-
very white; parafacials with several rows of small
hairs, none bristle-like; vibrissa? slightly approx-
imated, a little above the oral margin ; antenna? black,
reddish at base of third joint, the latter hardly twice
the length of the second, reaching fully three-fourths
of the way to the vibrissa?; arista short-plumose a lit-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 163

tie over halfway ; palpi brownish yellow, slender ; pro-
boscis nearly black; back of head with about three
rows of black hairs and conspicuous yellow beard ; oc-
ciput rather bulging, with some stout hairs behind the
ocelli; ocellar bristles small; frontal bristles also
rather small, about 13 in nmiiber, extending as far
forward as the middle of the second antennal joint,
suddenly diverging below; outer vertical bristles ab-
sent.

Thorax gray pollinose with the usual 3 to 5 black
stripes, which in the front view are satiny brown; in
the side view the median black and submedian gray
stripes are more or less divided by additional stripes ;
ps dc only two, near the scutellum, the anterior one
somewhat smaller ; before the suture there are no bris-
tles except laterally; ant acr absent; prsc one very
small; humeral two; presutural one, almost in line
w ith the three supra-alar ; scutelkmi with two margin-
als, one preapical of moderate size.

Abdomen rather dark, with characteristic tessel-
lated appearance ; first and second segments with only
lateral bristles; third with one pair median marginal
bristles and three laterals ; fourth entirely black, with
a row of more than 20 marginal bristles, most of
which are on tlie lower side.

Hypopygium entirely black ; first segment rather
large, moderately gray pollinose, with erect, fine hairs
and no bristles ; second segment globose, shining, with
abundant erect hair and no bristles; the lower edge
along the sides slightly reddish. Forceps black, short
and stubby, with a pronounced angle on the back, the
front nearly straight, so that they are somewhat
obliquely truncate ; beyond the angle behind they have
abundant short, stiff, erect hairs and the same on the
front side opposite these, so that only the extreme
tips are bare; accessory plate very large, shining yel-
low, but the free part narrow ; posterior clasper black,
straight on the basal part, curving to a sharp point;
anterior clasper larger, black, rather straight toward
the apex, ending in a hook in profile. Viewed from

164 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

behind they are broad and flat and bluntly rounded
at the tip; penis brown, basal segment rather short
and wide ; the distal segment very complicated ; from
its base it widens rapidly in profile and the back part
is jointed at the middle, the second part widening
into a transverse plate which is as long as the rest of
the organ. From the middle of the segment there are
several rather straight processes standing up in front
of this plate. On the front side there is a very com-
plex structure standing out near the base and bend-
ing forward, which contains two or three pairs of pro-
cesses parallel to those previously mentioned. Fifth
sternite brownish yellow, broadly visible, keeled at
base ; at the point of separation of the two arms there
is a ridge on each side which at its base bears a tuft
of short, stiff black spines.

Legs black ; middle f emin* without comb ; middle
and hind tibia densely villous, the former having the
villosity mostly on the apical half and bearing two
bristles on the outer front side. All the femora are
stout and have long hair on the under side ; claws and
pulvilli long, the latter brownish.

Wings slightlj^ brownish, without costal spines;
third segment of costa much longer than the fifth;
third vein hairy about halfway to crossvein.

Female. Front .403 of head (average of four,
— .389, .302, .414, .415), with the usual two orbital
bristles present but smallish; parafrontals and para-
facials inclining to silvery in color, bearing rather
numerous hairs, especially above. Frontal bristles
small; bucca three-fourths the eyeheight; subapical
bristles of the scutellum very nearly in line with the
marginals; genital segment black, strongly chitinized
and hairy, the orifice wide, heavily fringed with bris-
tles above. Tibia destitute of villosity; middle tiba
with three bristles on the outer front side.

Length 10-14 mm.

Fifteen males and four females. Five males and
one female are from Anglesea, N. J.; one male and
one female on the same pin are from Cape IVIay, N.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 165

J.; three females Wildwood, X. J. (Harbeck) ; five
males Horse Neck Beach, Mass. ; one male New Bed-
ford, Mass.; one male Galveston, Texas (University
of Kansas) ; one male Virginia Beach, Va. (National
Museum, F. Knab, collector). Except where other-
wise stated, this material is all in the Hough collec-
tion.

This species, I am informed, is found only on
sea beaches. It is named in honor of the eminent dip-
terist, C. W. Johnson, Curator of the Boston Society
of Natural History.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20534, U. S. N. M., from
Virginia Beach, Va.

Allotype. — Female, same number, U. S. N. M.,
from Anglesea, N. J.

No. 76. Sarcophaga uliginosa Kramer.

. Kramer, Entom. Wochenbl, xxv, 152, 1908. — Europe.
Bottcher, Deutsche Ent. Zeitsch., 19 12, 732, fig.
Male. Front .180 of head (one specimen) ;
parafrontals and parafacials silvery, rather narrow,
the latter with the usual row of hairs, rather coarse
below; frontal bristles about 14, rapidly diverging
below, reaching the middle of the second antenna!
joint; ocellars as long as frontals; outer vertical bris-
tles not differentiated ; antennae brownish black ; third
joint about 2l/o times the second, reaching seven-
eighths of the distance to the vibrissse, which are on
the oral margin ; arista rather long-plumose for three-
fifths of its length; bucca one-third the eyeheight;
palpi and proboscis black; back of head with three or
four rows of partly irregular black hairs and abund-
ant white ones.

Thorax whitish pollinose, with the usual 3 to 5
black stripes ; the submedian gray stripes are narrow-
ly divided by a dark line before the suture; ps dc
four; ant acr slender, barely showing, no erect hairs
surrounding them; prsc well developed; stpl three;
bristles of the scutellum with two pairs of marginals,
one pair preapicals widely separated, and one pair
apicals.

166 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Abdomen whitish polhnose, with the usual tessel-
lation and three changeable black stripes; first and
second segments with only lateral bristles; the third
with an interrupted row of ten ; the fourth with a row
of about 14.

Hypopygium black; first segment pollinose,
with erect hairs but no bristles ; second segment shin-
ing, with numerous erect hairs; forceps black, long
and broad, with dense long black hair on basal part;
the free part is tapering and gently curved forward
in profile to a sharp point, with a small tooth on it.
Viewed from behind, they are readily distinguishable
from all other species by being deeply grooved, espe-
cially on the apical half. The groove is broad, so it is
only bordered by a narrow elevated ridge on each
side ; the points are widely divergent. Accessory plate
rather slender, posterior clasper brown, slender,
curved, sharp at tip; anterior clasper very similar in
shape; penis with rather short basal joint, distal sud-
denly expanded into a globose structure, at the end
of which on the back part there arises a round, tubu-
lar prolongation, ending in two long plates reaching
forward and lapping over each other; between these
there arises a soft, slender, pale process; the globu-
lar central mass also bears on its front apical side two
flat plates side by side, which are bent into strong re-
curved hooks, and basally from these on each side
there is a slender rolled up transparent plate; fifth
sternite very much retracted.

Legs black ; middle femur with a rather well de-
veloped comb on the hind edge below; middle tibia
with one bristle on outer front side ; hind tibia with
rather dense, long villosity, spreading both ways.

Wings almost hyaline; no costal spines; third
costal segment longer than the fifth and sixth to-
gether; first vein bare; second hairy for two-thirds
the distance to the crossvein.

Length 8 mm.

One male, Gypsy Moth Laboratory, Melrose
Highlands, Mass., May 13, No. 1400. "Reared from a

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 167

miscellaneous lot of piiparia which were received
from Europe in 1908. Our records show that one
specimen of this species was collected at North Sau-
gus, Mass., Sept. 29, 1909, near the temporary lab-
oratory that we maintained there during the summer
of that year, and that a single specimen was collected
in the field at Lunenburg, Mass., July 14, 1914. The
determination of these specimens was by Mr. R. R.
Tarker."— A. F. Burgess, letter, Feb. 8* 1916.

Type. — Location of type unknown to the writer.

No. 77. Sarcophaga aldrichi Park.
Parker, Jour. Econ. Ent., ix, 438, 1916.
Male. Front .246 of head (average of five. — •
.19.5, .202, .207, .209, .217) ; frontal stripe brown,
rather wide; parafrontals and parafacials silvery, the
latter with the usual row of small hairs, the lowest
ones coarse; frontal bristles about 12 in number,
moderately large, widely divergent below, reaching
to about the first third of the second antennal joint;
facial impression brown, rather conspicuous; vibris-
sse at oral margin; facialia with rather distinct, erect
hairs reaching more than halfway to the base of the
antennae; antenna? black; third joint fully twice the
second, reaching four-fifths of the way to the vibris-
sa ; arista with the usual plumosity for three-fifths of
its length ; bucca fully one-fourth the eyeheight ; palpi
and proboscis black; back of head with four rows of
black hairs and considerable pale beard; outer ver-
tical bristles not longer than adjacent hairs, which
are better developed than usual; ocellars rather
strong.

Thorax gray pollinose, with the usual 3 to 5
black stripes; ps dc four, the anterior two of these
slightly smaller; ant acr slender, one pair just be-
fore the suture well developed; prsc long but rather
slender; stpl three; scutellum with two pairs of mar-
ginals, one preapical and one apical; all the hairs of
the mesonotum are rather slender and erect.

168 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Abdomen black and silvery, with three change-
able stripes and the usual tessellation; first and sec-
ond segments with only lateral bristles ; the third with
median marginal hairs and laterals; fourth with a
marginal row of about 12.

Hypopygium black ; first segment with consider-
able gray pollen and slender erect hairs, but no bris-
tles; second segment shining, reddish on the lower
border, with rather abundant erect hairs ; forceps dark
brown, rather large, in profile straight and parallel
for more than half of the free portion, then broadly
curved forward, ending in a small tooth which is just
behind the middle of the apex. Viewed from behind,
they are flat and united for more than half of their
entire length, then separated by a U-shaped excision
which narrows a little apically and then widens sud-
denly ; the whole posterior surface is shining and cov-
ered with small recumbent hair, which as usual is
longer at the base. Accessory plate slender, brown,
the free part nearly half as long as the forceps ; pos-
terior clasper brown, nearly straight, tapering rapid-
ly near the tip, where it is strongly curved forward;
anterior clasper much larger, broad and stout, yellow
or brownish yellow, the posterior side deeply and
broadly grooved almost to the apex, which is not
hooked. The basal segment of the penis brown, rather
square, of considerable length ; distal segment in gen-
eral outline rather square, having the appearance of
being attached at one corner; from this point of at-
tachment four chitinized processes develop; one of
these, the posterior one, forms the back of the seg-
ment, bending in a rounded angle and proceeding to
the apex, where it is broadly flattened and lighter col-
ored; it is smooth and shining throughout its course;
two of the processes form lateral supports, spreading
out on the two sides of the central structure; the
fourth one projects forward and is quite short; from
the middle of the segment two wide plates extend for-
ward, while the apical part spreads out in a transverse
plate armed with a slender hook. Fifth sternite

SAECOPHAGA AND ALLIES 169

broadly excised in a U-shape, bordered along the in-
ner edge with a close row of short bristles.

Legs black; middle femur with a fairly well de-
veloped comb below on the hind side; middle tibia
with two bristles on the outer front edge; hind tibia
with rather sparse villosity, longest on the niQsial side.

Wings subhyaline, no costal spines; third seg-
ment of costa much longer than the fifth; first vein
bare; second hairy about halfway to crossvein.

Female. Front .327 of head (average of three,
— .320, .329, .333) ; the usual orbital bristles; outer
verticals well developed; bucca fully one-third the
eyeheight; no apical bristles on scutellum; genital
segment black, with oval aperture surrounded by
dense bristles; middle femur not with comb; middle
tibia with three bristles on outer front side ; hind tibia
not villous.

Length 8-10 mm.

Eleven males and three females. One male and
one female from East Eddington, Me. (Hough col-
lection) ; 5 males Melrose Highlands, Mass. (H. E.
Smith) ; two males N. Saugus, Mass. (H. E. Smith) ;
one male Lunenburg, Mass., paratype) collected by
R. T. Webster, sent me by R. R. Parker; one male
and one female reared from Malacosoma disstria in
Ontario by Pi-of. Lawrence Caesar; one male Friday
Harbor, Wash., collected by the author; one female
Southport Creek, B. C, R. P. Currie collector (Nat.
Mus.).

Holotype. — Male, in collection of Mass. Agri-
cultural College. Paratypes in National Museum,
etc.

Mr. Parker publishes a note by Prof. Caesar on
this species, from which it appears to be a parasite of
importance upon the Forest Tent Caterpillar.

170 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

No. 78. Sarcophaga houghi n. sp.

Male. Front .181 of head (average of five,—
.174, .177, .178, .188, .188); parafrontals and para-
facials silvery, the latter with the usual row of bris-
tles, coarser below; frontal bristles about 12, rapidly
diverging below, reaching about to the middle of the
second antennal joint; antennae black or dark brown;
third joint twice the second, reaching fully three-
fourths of the way to the vibrissse, which are at the
oral margin ; arista with the usual plumosity for three-
fifths of its length; palpi and proboscis black; bucca
one-fourth the eyeheight; back of head with three
rows of black hairs and considerable pale beard ; outer
bristles not differentiated; ocellars slender, but near-
ly as long as the frontal bristles.

Thorax whitish pollinose, with the usual 3 to 5
black stripes ; ps dc four, of which the foremost two are
slightly smaller; ant acr not distinctly differentiated
fvom the erect hairs of the surface, the last pair be-
fore the suture slightly noticeable ; prsc one pair slen-
der but of moderate length ; stpl three ; scutellum with
two marginals, a slender pair of preapicals and a pair
of rather large apicals.

Abdomen whitish pollinose, almost silvery, with
three changeable stripes, of which the middle one is
fairly permanent and somewhat shining; the surface
has the usual tessellation; first and second segment
with only lateral bristles ; the third with a broadly in-
terrupted row of about 10 and the fourth with a row
of about 16.

Hypopygium black; first segment of moderate
size, gray pollinose, with erect hairs, a few along the
hind border rather larger, almost bristle-like; second
segment subshining, perceptibly pollinose, with erect
hairs, some of which are almost bristle-like. Forceps
small, brownish black, in profile slightly curved, but
little tapering, the apex very blunt, bearing a minute
tooth in the middle; viewed from behind they taper
quite rapidly and are not divergent; accessory plate
rather triangular with rounded corners, the hind side

SAllCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 171

somewhat longer than either of the others; posterior
clasper small, yellow except at tip, very slender, and
curved forward hut not hooked ; anterior clasper long,
slender at base, shining black or brown, widened and
truncate at apex, strongly curved forward; forceps
with yellow basal segment, the distal segment mostly
enclosed in a shining black hood-like envelope, which
has a large white spot on the side. This envelope
covers a large hump which is almost apical; on the
front side of this, separated by a concavity in the pro-
file is a broad ending of the central tube surrounded
by an expanded rim ; on the front side about the mid-
dle, two flat plates project, each of which has two di-
vergent teeth at its apex ; fifth sternite V-shaped, the
diverging lobes distinctly visible, covered with short
black bristles.

Legs black; middle femur without comb; mid-
dle tibia with one bristle on outer front side below*
the middle; hind tibia with rather sparse villositj^
mostly on mesial side.

Wings almost hyaline, no costal spines; third
segment of costa slightly longer than the fifth; first
vein bare; third vein hairy for two-thirds of the way
to the crossvein.

Length 8 mm.

Seven males, four from New York City (Amer.
Mus.) ; one from New York City (Sturtevant) ; two
from Melrose Highlands, Mass. (H. E. Smith), and
one from New Bedford, Mass. (Hough).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20.533 U. S. N. M., from
Melrose Highlands, Mass.

Named in honor of Dr. Garry de N. Hough,
whose early retirement from the dipterological field
was a great loss to our science.

No. 79. Sarcophaga tuberosa var. harpax Pand.

■ Pandelle, Rev. Ent., xv, 189.- — Europe.

Bottcher, Deutsche Ent. Zeitschr. 1913, page 735 (as var.
of tuberosa Pand.).
Male. Front .213 of head (average of two, —
.205 and .222) ; paraf rentals and parafacials shining

172 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

silvery pollinose, the latter with the usual row of hairs
below, some of which are quite bristle-like; frontal
bristles about 12, widely diverging below and reach-
ing the middle of the second antennal joint; ocellars
of good size; antennae brownish black; third joint
twice the second and reaching four-fifths of the way
to the vibrissiE, which are at about the oral margin;
arista with the usual plumosity, extending a little over
half its length; bucca fully one-third the eyeheight;
back of head with three and partly four rows of black
hairs, together with numerous pale ones; palpi and
proboscis black, ordinary; outer vertical bristles not
differentiated.

Thorax whitish pollinose, with the usual 3 to 5
black stripes, the submedian gray stripes partly di-
vided by a narrow dark line ; hairs of the thorax erect
and long ; ps dc four ; ant acr not differentiated ; prsc
one distinct pair ; stpl three ; scutellum with two pairs
of marginals, one large preapical, and one rather
large apical.

Abdomen silvery pollinose, tessellated, with a
distinct median and a pair of changeable lateral
stripes, the former shining. First and second seg-
ments with only lateral bristles; third with an inter-
rupted row of about ten ; fourth with a strong row of
about 20.

Hypopygium entirely black ; first segment polli-
nose, w ith erect fine hairs and no bristles ; second seg-
ment shining, globose, with abundant erect hairs ; for-
ceps black, with dense recumbent black hair, especial-
ly near the base, varying in form apically, either slen-
der or blunt and toothed ; accessory plate brown, with
dense long hair, the basal angle acute and apical end
truncate; both pairs of claspers shining black or
brown, of similar shape, curving forward to a slender
sharp point; penis brownish, basal segment distinct;
on the back it bulges into a globose form, across the
middle of which is a distinct suture, beyond this is a
brown sclerite rapidly narrowing into a sharp apical
point; this sclerite bears on each side a long, slender

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 173

arm extending nearly straight forward. Between
these arms two upright similar slender processes arise
from the central portion of the segment, longer than
the apical processes first mentioned. The arrange-
ment of these five processes is highly characteristic of
the species in all of its variations. The front part of
the segment is bomided by two overlapping plates
which originate from the lateral expanded sides of
the segment, so that two erect processes seem to come
out of a deep cavity. The fifth sternite appears to be
variable, as in one of the specimens it shows a rather
wide excision lined with strong spines which meet
each other from the two sides, while in the other speci-
men the fourth tergite comes together over this or-
gan, entirely concealing it and bearing along its ap-
proximated borders a keel-like, dense series of erect
black bristles.

Legs black; middle femur with two series of
stout spines below, the posterior of which are some-
what comb-like; middle tibia with a single bristle on
the outer front side and sometimes an added small
one; hind tibia with very long and very dense villos-
ity spreading both ways.

Wings subhyaline, no costal spines; third costal
segment much longer than the fifth; first vein bare;
third hairy two-thirds of the way to crossvein.

Length 8 mm.

Four males. One from Gypsy Moth Labora-
tory, IVo. 3338- S ; one from Juliaetta, Idaho, collect-
ed by the author; one from Oahu, Hawaii (H. H.
Severin) ; one male Nadi, Fiji Islands (Prof. J. F.
Illingworth ) . Referring to the first, in a letter dated
Feb. 8, 1916, Mr. A. F. Burgess says, "All the speci-
mens under this number were reared from puparia
received from Germany with an importation of Gyp-
sy Moth caterpillars." I am indebted to Mr. Parker
for the determination of the variety. It was origin-
ally described from European material, and belongs
to one of the most widespread variable species known.

Type. — In the Pandelle collection in Paris.

174 thomas say foundation

Group F.
Four postsutural dorsocentrals or only the hind
ones developed; hind tibi.-e in male villous; at least
second segment of hypopygium red.

Table of Species. — Males.

1. First vein hairy 2.
First vein bare 3.

2. Glaucous or bluish species, the frontals not di-

verging much below; two stpl (Mexico)

Xo. 80. villipcs V. d. W.
Gray species, the frontals diverging below;

three stpl, all stout ( Lower Cal. )

No. 81. cahensis n. sp.

3. Legs red or yellow (tarsi may be black) 4.
Legs black 6.
Knees broadly and the middle and hind tibias

red; palpi yellow; no ant acr; frontals very
small; middle tibice villous (Cuba)

No. 82. pedata n. sp.

4. Middle tibi^ with dense villosity on apical half;

forceps large, tapering and strongly curved
forward near tip (AV. I., Fla., La.)

No. 83. fulvipes Macq.
Middle tibiae not villous 5.

5. Forceps with a lateral erect smooth arm near

the base of the free part (Ga.)

No. 84. singularis n. sp.
Forceps not with lateral arm (Ga.)

No. 85. deceptiva n. sp.

6. Large tropical species with yellow beard; penis

with enormously developed long stalk
curved almost in a semicircle and bearing at
end a large divided disk (Central and South
America) No. 86. cotyledonea n. sp.

Not as described 7.

7. First segment of hypopygium black, at least on

apical half 8.

First segment yellow, at least on apical half 17.

SARCOniAGA AND ALI>IES 175

8. Prescutellars absent; forceps nearly straight, in

profile with a notch behind near base (very
widespread)

No. 87. lucmorrhoidalis Fall.
Prescutellars present 9.

9. Middle tibiae villous, no ant acr 10.
Middle tibiii? not villous. 15.

10. Only one row of black hairs behind the eye; ro-

bust tropical species w4th golden head and
beard, and yellow pollen on sides of thorax
and abdomen (W. I. and south)

No. 88. wiedemanni n. sp.

More than one row of black hairs behind the eye ;

a group of slender, blackish western species,

head gray 11.

11. Anterior clasper short, with sharp, curved point

and a sudden widening on outer side half-
way to base (Colo., N. M.)

No. 90. elofigata n. sp.
Anterior clasper much longer, with rounded or
forked tip, and not abruptly wider on outer
side on basal half 12.

12. Penis with five or six slender processes at

apex 13.

Penis ending in a more globose or platelike

structure 14.

13. Forceps bent forward on hind edge near tip with

a rather distinct angle; front lobes of distal
segment of penis in the form of shining
blackish plates (Idaho)

No. 89. thatuna n. sp.

Forceps evenly curved forward in profile ; front

lobes of distal segment of penis in the form

of a delicate pale membrane or fringe (Ida.,

Wash.) No. 91. occidentatis n. sp.

14. Penis with two pairs of very large longitudinal

plates on the front side, and the apex
fringed with yellowish pubescence (Idaho)
No. 92. juliaetta n. sp.

176 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Penis with moderate plates on the front, the
apex not fringed (Colo.)

No. 93. perspicaoD n. sp.
Penis smaller and more globose, not with dis-
tinct plates on front side (Colo.)

No. 94. gracilis n. sp.

15. A single row of black hairs behind the eye

(widespread) No. 95. securifera Vill.
With more than one row of black hairs 16.

16. Forceps in profile with an emargination behind

followed by a hmnp (widespread)

No. 96. falculata Pand.
Forceps not with hump ; penis with four slender
processes at tip (widespread)

No. 109. tuherosa var. exuherans Pand.

17. Middle tibia? with long villosity 18.
Middle tibife not villous, at most with appressed

hair about as long as the tibia is wide 23.

18. Face and front golden yellow poUinose 19.
Face and front gray pollinose 21.

19. Forceps rather straight, with an oval concavity

on outer side; terminal portion of penis
straight, swollen (W. I.)

No. 101. otiosa Will.
Forceps curved forward; distal part of penis
bent forward in an angle, not globose or
swollen 20.

20. Anterior claspers short and very stout (Dom-

inica) No. 97. amoena n. sp.

Anterior claspers slender (Porto Rico)

No. 98. capitata n. sp.

21. Middle tibia with rather moderate villosity, be-

ginning about the middle; northern species
(New England, Europe)*

No. 102. scoparia Pand.
Middle tibiae with very long villosity, beginning
near the base; tropical species 22.

*A blacklegged variety of fulvipes has been noted by Par-
ker, which would come out here ; it has yellow palpi.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 177

22. Fourth abdominal segment broadly red apically

(Fla., Bahamas)

No. 100. spectabilis n. sp.
Fourth abdominal segment black ( Fla. )

No. 99. hillifera n. sp.

23. Parafacials with satiny deep golden yellow pol-

len and almost imperceptible hairs (West
Indies) No. 103. 2)eltata n. sp.

Parafacials gray or with but little yellowish
tinge, and with distinct hairs 24.

24. The row of bristles on the fourth abdominal

segment entirely marginal 25.

The row marginal at the side, subdiscal in the
middle (N. J.)

No. 104. suhdiscalis n. sp.

25. Anterior acrostichals distinct 26.
Anterior acrostichals not differentiated, at most

faintly discernible at the front edge of the
thorax 27.

26. Blackish species, front narrowest a little below

anterior ocellus, thence rapidly widening
(La., Ga., Tex.)

No. 105. impar n. sp.
Gray species, the front parallel nearly to tlie
antenucT (Kans., Tex.)

No. 106. sulculata n. sp.

27. Third abdominal segment without median mar-

ginals 28.

Third abdominal with median marginals 29.

28. Forceps long, black, simple (Montana, Colo.)

No. 107. cooleyi Park.
Forceps with a long yellow process on the at-
tached part, simulating the real forceps
(Texas, S. Cal., W. I.; Group H)

No. 128. rohusta n. sp.

29. Forceps with nearly parallel front and back

edges, and an apical tooth formed by an ex-
cision of the front edge (widespread)

No. 108. sarracenioides n. sp.
Forceps tapering to a sharp point 30.

178 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

30. Distal segment of the penis short and very broad
and blunt, a curved hornlike process at each
outer apical angle (widespread)

No. 110. hullata Park.
Distal segment wide, but lacking the hornlike
processes and provided with some long api-
cal ones (Montana)

jVo. 111. libera n. sp.

No. 80. Sarcophaga villipes V. d. W.

Van der Wulp, Biologia, Dipt., ii, 269, male and female ;
pi. vii, f. 2, 1895. — Mexico, Northern Sonora and
Guerrero.

Of this species I have only the female, but it
seems readily recognizable.

Female. General color bluish gray or glaucous.
Front .407 of head; frontal bristles only about 7, the
rows wide apart, not diverging below, and reaching
only a little beyond the base of the second antennal
joint; ocellars large; outer vertical well developed.
Parafrontals rather hairy, with bluish-gray pollen,
which spreads over most of the frontal stripe; para-
facials more shining gray pollinose, with the usual
row of hairs, which are slender ; antennas black, third
joint double the second, reaching four-fifths to the
vibrissa?, which are at the oral margin ; arista plumose
barely to the middle; proboscis and palpi black, or-
dinary; bucca one-third the eyeheight; back of head
with several rows of black hairs, the very few pale
ones difficult to see.

Thorax densely bluish gray pollinose, with the
usual 3 to 5 black stripes ; the submedian gray stripes
divided before the suture ; ps dc 4 ; unt dc 3 ; ant acr 0 ;
presc very minute ; sa 3 ; int al 2 ; pa 2 ; stpl 2 ; npl 3 ;
scutellum with 2 marginal and one discal.

Abdomen glaucous pollinose, not very change-
able, with an indistinct median dark stripe; first and
second segments with only lateral bristles; third with
a median marginal pair and two laterals ; fourth with
a marginal row of 10 or 12. Genital segment gray,

SAJICOPHAGA AND ALLIES 179

without developed larvipositor, the orifice rather wide,
with a few bristles.

Legs black; middle femora without comb; mid-
dle tibia with two bristles on outer front side.

Wings hyaline; a small costal spine; third costal
segment noticeably shorter than fifth; first and third
veins hairy, and with slender hairs on the under side
also.

Length 9 mm.

Two females, Cordoba, Mexico, collected by
Frederick Knab on March 25, 1908 (National Mu-
seum).

According to Van der Wulp, the male has all the
femora and tibise villous on the flexor side, and the
"hypopygium brownish-red, densely haired."

Type. — Male, in the Godman and Salvin collec-
tion, London.

No. 81. Sarcophaga cabensis n. sp.

Male. Front wide, .286 of head, protuberant at
base of antennae; parafrontals gray pollinose, with
numerous fine hairs; 8 or 9 frontals, the anterior 3
parallel with eye margin but moderately divergent
from the middle line; lowest at middle of second an-
tennal joint; outer vertical not differentiated; para-
facials gray pollinose, rather wide, with the usual row
of hairs, the lower bristly; vibrissa barely above oral
margin, with numerous hairs not in a row extending
over half way up the ridges; antenna.' blackish, third
joint nearly four times the second and reaching five-
sixths of the way to the vibrissee ; palpi and proboscis
black, ordinary ; bucca one-half the eyeheight ; occiput
with about two rows of black hairs, long yellowish
hairs above and at the sides of the foramen, as well as
below.

Thorax gray pollinose with 3 to 5 black stripes;
anterior acrostichals present, two or three moderate
pairs; 4 ps dc; 3 stout stpl; scutellum with 3 stout
marginal pairs, 1 subapical (scars only in the speci-
men) ; 1 smallish apical pair.

180 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Abdomen gray, tessellated, fourth segment most-
ly red; segments one and two with only lateral bris-
tles; third with a row of 10, fom*th with row of
over 20.

Hypopygium red, subshining, not very large;
first segment retracted, not with bristles ; second seg-
ment very convex in profile or with a hump, and bear-
ing numerous long black hairs; forceps red, with
abundant black hairs on basal portion, bent back on
the free part and at tip again bent forward, the latter
part black; from behind it appears that the pair of
organs are fused, at tip each shows two lateral points
and a smaller median one; accessory plate oval, yel-
low, smooth ; posterior clasper with an unusually long
hair on inner side; penis with the appearance of a
truncated tip, the lateral lobes surpassing the middle
one in profile ; fifth sternite showing as a broad yellow
lobe with short black spines on inner edge.

Wing subhyaline, third costal segment nmch longer
than fifth ; no costal spine ; first vein with a dense row
of hairs over half its length, bare the rest of the way
to its tip ; third vein with hairs two-thirds of the way
to crossvein.

Length 13 mm.

One male, San Jose del Cabo, Lower California,
in the Hough collection.

Holotype. — In the Hough collection.

No. 82. Sarcophaga pedata n. sp.

Male. Front .198 of head; parafrontals and para-
facials silvery with slight yellow tinge, a few scatter-
ing hairs on both, the lowest ones slightly longer ; an-
tennae brown, the second joint reddish; the third is
three times as long as the second and reaches four-
fifths of the way to the vibrissa?, which are barely
above the oral margin; arista long-plumose for three-
fifths of its length; palpi yellow, proboscis black,
short; bucca one-third the eyeheiglit; back of head
with a single row of black hairs and numerous pale

SARCOPHAGA AND AIJ-IES 181

ones, which extend forward on the bucca below al-
most to the widening of the facial impression; outer
vertical bristles absent; ocellars minute; frontal bris-
tles about 12 in number, rather small, diverging rap-
idly below and extending about as far down as the
middle of the second antennal joint.

Thorax gray pollinose with 5 to 7 stripes
when viewed from behind, the two submedian gray
stripes being each divided by a narrow dark line ; only
two ps dc developed, bristles all small anterior to
these ; no ant acr, prsc small, stpl two, scutellum with
two pairs of marginals, an almost imperceptible pair
of preapicals, which are widely separated, and a small
pair of apicals.

Abdomen with the usual changeable tessellation,
median stripe very faint; fourth segment red at apex,
more broadly so at middle ; first, second and third seg-
ments with no median marginal bristles and only one
lateral ; fourth with a row of 8, stopping abruptly on
the side.

Hypopygium red, mostly shining; first segment
rather large with a median pollinose whitish stripe
and an interrupted row of six bristles ; forceps with a
hump on the attached basal part, the free part
straight, not at all tapering, enlarged at the apex
some^vhat in the form of a foot with an abnormally
large heel which bears a few little granulations, the
sharp toe projecting forward; the foot and ankle are
black; accessory plate developed into a long process
like a clasper but larger, the black tip curved forward
and rather sharp. Posterior claspers slender,
straight, with a small hook; anterior clasper very
small and short, with a curved black tin. Penis most-
ly yellow, rather small, the basal joint well developed,
the distal joint curved back and then forward with a
widely spreading flap on each side, these are rather
concave in front and partially enclose some small
plate-like organs; fifth sternite very widely open U-
shaped, yellow, fringed with hairs.

182 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Legs black, the knees broadly yellow; middle
and hind tibife yellow and both villous ; tarsi black.

Wings hyaline, no costal spines; third costal
segment about as long as the fifth and sixth together ;
the sixth longer than usual. The third vein with a
few hairs at base; the first vein bare.

Length 10.5 mm.

One male, Havana, Cuba, collected by C. F.
Baker, and presented to me by him many years ago.

Holotype.— No. 20535, U. S. N. M.

No. 83. Sarcophaga fulvipes Macq.

Macquart, Dipt. Exot., ii, 3, 105, pi. xii, fig. 5, 1842. —
Cuba.

Walker, Dipt. Saund., 328, 1852 {fulvipes n. sp.). — U. S.

Johnson, Dipt, of Florida, 1895 and 1915, occurrence at
St. Augustine, Fla.
Male. Front .202 of head; parafrontals and
paraf acials silvery with slight yellow tinge, the latter
with a few scattering long hairs below; frontal bris-
tles about 12 in number, diverging rapidly below and
reaching about to the middle of the second antennal
joint; antennfe yellow, third joint partly brownish,
two and a half times as long as second, reaching about
three-fourths of the way to the vibrissa, which are at
the oral margin; arista with long plumosity reaching
considerably beyond the middle. Ocellar bristles well
developed; palpi and proboscis yellow, bucca one-
third the eyeheight; back of head with three rows of
black hairs and considerable pale beard; outer ver-
tical bristles absent ; occiput with a pair of rather long
bristles behind the verticals and- several pairs of
smaller ones behind the ocelli.

Thorax with the usual stripes, the hair on the
dorsum rather abundant and erect ; ps dc rather hair-
like except the posterior two, there seem to be 5 in all ;
ant acr none ; prsc of moderate size ; stpl two ; scutel-
lum with two large marginals, one smallish preapical
and a pair of apicals of the same size.

SARCOPHAGA AND AIXIES 183

Abdomen with the usual tessellation and three
indistinct changeable stripes; the hind edge of the
fourth segment yellow, more broadly below ; first and
second segments with only lateral bristles, third with
a pair of strong median marginals, fourth with an un-
even row of about 16, mixed with some coarse hairs.

Hj^popygium yellow; first joint rather large,
slightly pollinose above, with an interrupted row of
six or eight slender, small bristles along the hind
margin; second segment globose and shining, with
erect hairs but no bristles. The forceps are strongly
curved forward near the tip, not diverging, the basal
part yellow and stout; tip black, sharp, but not
toothed; accessory plate ovate, yellow, evenly cov-
ered with long hairs; posterior claspers brownish to-
ward tip, rather straight, with a blunt hook at apex;
anterior claspers yellow, nearly straight, grooved un-
derneath and not much curved at tip ; penis with slen-
der yellow basal segment, the distal one large and
mostly black ; on each side there is a prominent square
shoulder about the middle of the back and in front
of this a smaller elevation bearing a long slender
hook; near the apex on the back are a pair of trans-
parent yellow thin margins ; at the tip is a large tubu-
lar opening which seems to be double like the nos-
trils of an animal. Fifth sternite yellow, V-shaped,
with stout black brush on each side intermingled with
a few longer bristles.

Legs yellow, including all the eoxve, the tarsi
look darker principally because of the dense covering
of black hair; the hind tarsi are noticeably shorter
than the tibiae; middle femur without comb; middle
tibia with two bristles on outer front side; both mid-
dle and hind tibiae villous ; hind femur and tibia both
somewhat curved.

Wing hyaline, no costal spine; third segment of
costa about equal to fifth and sixth together ; first vein
bare, third with small hairs more than halfway to
crossvein.

Length 11 mm.

184 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

One male, Opelousas, La., March, 1897, from
Hough collection.

Type. — Location of type unknown to me,
perhaps in Paris.

Mr. Parker identified this specimen for me, as
the same species which Mr. Johnson had identified as
fiilvipes from Florida. In Johnson's first reference
he identified it as fulvipes of Walker but in the sec-
ond he changed to fulvipes of Macquart. I'here is of
course no absolute certainty in the identification, but
to avoid confusion I have accepted it and have con-
sidered Walker's species identical with Macquart's.

Mr. Parker informs me that a variety with black
legs occurs also, but I have not seen it.

No. 84. Sarcophaga singularis n. sp.

Male. Front .229 of head (average of five, —
.215, .222, .234, .235, .240) ; parafrontals and para-
facials silvery, almost without yellow tinge; frontal
bristles about nine in number, suddenly diverging be-
low, reaching below the middle of the second antennal
joint; ocellar bristles well developed; parafacials with
a row of smallish hairs below; antennae reddish yel-
low; third joint more brown toward apex, more than
twice the length of the second joint and reaching four-
fifths of the way to the vibrissa}, which are at the oral
margin; arista long-plumose to about the middle;
bucca one-third the eyeheight ; back of head with three
distinct rows of black hairs and abundant pale ones
around the neck and back of the bucca; palpi yellow,
proboscis brown, short; outer vertical bristles absent,
a few rather large bristles behind the ocelli on the
occiput.

Thorax gray pollinose, with five to seven stripes ;
ps dc four, all distinct, but the anterior two slightly
smaller ; ant acr well developed, four or five pairs ; of
medium size; stpl three; scutellum with two margin-
als, one preapical and one apical, the latter two pairs
of moderate size.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 185

Abdomen with the usual changeable tesselation,
rather silvery, with very indistinct longitudinal
stripes; first and second segments with only lateral
bristles ; third with median marginal pair ( sometimes
weak or wanting) and two laterals, the fourth with a
decreasing row of about 18.

Hypopygium reddish yellow; first segment
large, swollen, slightly poUinose, in the middle with
a row of six stout bristles behind; second segment
shining, globose, with abundant erect hairs, no bris-
tles ; forceps of very peculiar shape, the attached part
joined together on the median line to form a sharp,
almost keel-like protuberance. Below this is a deep
transverse bare and shining concavity, divided in the
median line. Viewed from behind each of the forceps
bears a transverse ridge below this concavity, follow-
ing which it is again concave ; beyond the second con-
cavity there is a small protuberance, on the inner edge,
directed mostly backward, and a long arm or protub-
erance on the outer side, beyond which it runs to a
slender sharp blackish point. In profile both of these
concavities are very distinct. Accessory plate yellow,
slender, bent in the middle almost at right angles;
Dosterior clasper yellow, slender, erect, not distinctly
hooked at tip; anterior clasper nmch stouter, strong-
ly bent forward, with two points at the apex, the api-
cal portion black and shining. Penis with very short
basal segment, the distal one bearing a conspicuous
sharp median keel from its base, which forms the
back edge and tip of the organ. In front about the
middle is a broad expansion bearing lateral blades
and a basal transverse plate. Most of the parts are
more yellow than black; fifth sternite quite complex;
close to the base of the incision there is a roundish
brush of short spines with a few long bristles ; behind
this a sharp rim diverges laterally and bears a row of
stiff spines. The lateral end projects in the form of
a yellow lobe from under the fourth tergite.

Legs yelloM% coxae partially black; front femur
with a more or less dark streak on the outside; all

186 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

tarsi quite black; middle femur with a short, well-
developed comb near the tip on the hind side below;
middle tibia with two bristles on the outer front side
and no villosity; hind tibia with rather short villosity
on the mesial side; both middle and hind tibias have
on the exterior surface two rows of small hairs widely
separated by a bare space from any other hairs.

Wings hyaline, no costal spines ; third costal seg-'
ment rather longer than the fifth; first vein bare;
third vein hairy halfway to crossvein.

Female. Front .290 of head (average of two, — ■
.285 and .295) ; outer vertical bristles distinct. Third
segment of abdomen without median marginals in the
described specimen. Genital segments yellow, shin-
ing above; without specialized larvipositor. Middle
and hind tibiae on the extensor surface as in the male.

Length 7.5 to 10 mm.

Eleven males and two females: Seven males
and two females Tifton, Ga., in the Hough collection;
one male Kushla, Ala., June 11, 1914 (Sturtevant) ;
three males Enola, Va., May 1, 1915, reared from
Sparoholus sp. (a myriopod) by Sara Reynolds.

Holotype.— Male No. 20536, U. S. N. M., from
Enola, Va.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20536, U. S. N. M.,
from Tifton, Ga.

No. 85. Sarcophaga deceptiva n. sp.

Like singularis except in the following respects.
Front .235 of head. Hind tibia almost without vil-
losity, there being only three or four erect hairs on
the mesial side which are, however, barely equal to
the diameter of the tibia. In singularis the hind tar-
sus is perceptibly shorter than its tibia (42:46 by mi-
crometer measurement in the type) ; in deceptiva the
proportion is reversed and the tarsus is longer than
its tibia (37:33). In deceptiva the forceps are only
once concave at the base and do not have the diverg-
ing lateral arm; the penis has a much lower keel,
ending in a plain point at the apex; the organs are

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 187

covered by a broader lateral plate, out of which a pair
of stout black points project.

Length 7 mm.

One male from Tifton, Ga., June 13, 1896. The
specimen has one proclinate orbital bristle on the left
side. Also a male from Kushla, Ala., June 11, 1914,
from Mr. A. H. Sturtevant, without orbitals.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20537, U. S. N. M., from
Kushla, Ala.

No. 86. Sarcophaga cotyledonea n. sp.

Male. Front .217 of head (average of three, —
.202, .224, .225) ; parafrontals and parafacials slim-
ing yellow pollinose, which color extends entirely
around the eye and covers the bucca ; parafacials with
a few small hairs ; f acialia black, the intervening space
on the face yellow; antemice brown, the third joint
about three times as long as the second, reaching fully
four-fifths of the way to the vibrissfe, which are pre-
ceptibly above the oral margin and a little approx-
imated; arista plumose about four-fifths of the way
to the tip; frontal bristles about twelve, the rows
rather far apart and moderately diverging below,
reaching to the middle of the second antennal joint;
ocellars small; palpi and proboscis black; bucca one-
third the eyeheight; back of head with two rows of
black hairs, the second rather incomplete; beard
abundant, pale yellow.

Thorax with three rather even black stripes when
viewed from behind; they are brown when viewed
from the front ; a yellow pollinose stripe from the hu-
merus and a similar spot on the mesopleura; ant acr
none ; prsc of medium size ; ps dc only two ; stpl three ;
scutellum with two large marginals, preapicals small
and almost in line with the rather large apicals.

Abdomen tessellated, with median black stripes,
in profile deep and thick toward apex; first and sec-
ond segments with only lateral bristles; third with a
median marginal pair and one lateral; fourth with a
marginal row of 8.

188 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Hypopygiuni large; first segment rather dark
red, partially brown, pollinose above, with a sparse
row of long hairs behind; second segment large and
globose, but rather flat behind in profile, without
bristles ; forceps brownish black, terminal part in pro-
file greatly resembling a foot, near the base slender;
accessory plate brown, elongated, with broadty
rounded tips; penis without visible division, greatly
elongated and broadly curved forward, and then
doubling upon itself, where it is expanded into two
large concave plates, the whole having a striking re-
semblance to a young bean plant when it first comes
up out of the soil. On the inner side of the plates are
two long undulating thread-like processes and a cen-
tral black structure; posterior claspers long, shining,
brownish, with a black central hooked tip ; at its basal
hind angle, usually difficult to see, there is a small
black additional hook; anterior clasper in the form
of a wide brown blade without any hook or distinct
apical point; fifth sternite with a pair of large and
conspicuous black brushes, at the apical end of which
are a few bristles.

Legs black; middle femur with a short, stubby
comb below near the apex on the hind side; middle
tibia with one bristle on the outer front side and some
villous hairs on the inner side of the apical half; hind
tibia with distinct but not very long villosity, spread-
ing both ways.

Wing hyaline, no costal spines ; third costal seg-
ment a little longer than the fifth ; first vein bare, third
with a few hairs.

Female. Front .258 of head (average of two, —
.250 and .265), narrowest at vertex; the usual orbital
bristles; ocelli small; outer vertical bristles well de-
veloped ; lower f rontals more strongly diverging than
in males. The yellow beard is more striking than in
the males and extends forward to a group of hairs
around the vibrissa; preapical bristles of scutellum
small and not in line with the apicals, which are stout.
Genital segments yellow, with deep golden pollen

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 189

and bearing two pairs of visible spiracles, the outer at
the margin; the orifice is a vertical slit with small
bristles.

Length ll'/2-15 mm.

Five males and two females: One male is from
Santa Lucia, Guatemala, Feb. 2, 1905, collected by
Prof. Hine; three males Rio Janeiro, Piedras Bay,
and Chapada, in Brazil, collected by H. H. Smith, in
the collection of Dr. S. W. Williston; one male and
two females, Bartica, British Guiana, collected by
H. S. Parish and now in the collection of Prof. Hine.
Two of the males were evidently teneral when cap-
tured and the frontal measurements were not in-
cluded, being obviouslv less than normal.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20538, U. S. N. M., from
Rio Janeiro.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20538, U. S. N. M.,
from British Guiana.

No. 87. Sarcophaga hsemorrhoidalis Fall.

Fallen, Vet. Akad. Handl., i8i6, 236 and Mnscides, 1830,

37 (both Musco) — Sweden.
Meigen, Syst. Beschr., v. 28. — Europe
Wiedemann, Auss. Zwiefl., 11, 357 {gcorg'ma) — Georgia.
Bottcher, Deutsche Ent. Zeitsch., 1913, 10, fig. and desc. ;

369, oc. in N. A. and syn. of georgina from type.
Parker, First Biennial Rept. Montana State Board of En-
tomology, 1914, 43. Captured abundantly in traps
baited with human excrement, in Montana.
Male. Front .243 of head (average of five, —
.239, .241, .242, .243, .249); parafrontals and para-
facials silvery with a decided yellow tinge, the frontal
rows rather far apart, composed of about 11 bristles,
the lower ones suddenly diverging and extending as
far as the middle of the second antennal joint; ocel-
lars somewhat smaller than f rontals ; paraf acials wide
with the usual slender hairs, rather long below; an-
tennae brownish black, third joint fully double the
second, reaching three-fourths the way to the vibris-
ScT, which are at the oral margin. Arista plumose as
usual for three-fifths of its length; bucca about half

190 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATIOIS'^

the eyeheight; palpi black or brown, proboscis black.
Back of head with two rows of black hairs, the second
not very regular, and abundant whitish ones forming
a conspicuous beard below. Outer vertical bristles
not developed.

Thorax densely gray pollinose with the usual 3
to 5 black stripes very distinct; the submedian polli-
nose stripes are narrowly divided before the suture.
'No ant acr and no prescutellar bristles ; ps ds only two
well developed ; stpl two or three ; scutellum with two
long marginals, a slender discal pair and a rather erect
vertical pair.

Abdomen densely pollinose, with changeable tes-
sellation and three indistinct changeable stripes. First
and second segments with only lateral bristles; third
with a median marginal pair ; fourth with a marginal
row of about 14.

Hypopygium with the first segment of good size,
usually black on the apical half, red on basal half.
The black part is pollinose and there is a variable row
of bristles on the hind margin. Tlie second segment
is red, shining, globose, flat behind, with nmiierous
erect hairs but no bristles. Forceps black; in profile
a very distinct, characteristic notch behind at the be-
ginning of the free part ; before the middle of the free
part they are rather strongly bent backward, curving
again forward to a sharp tip. View^ed from behind
they diverge sharply near the base and converge
slightly near the tips ; posterior claspers sl,ender, short,
with a well developed hook on the tip ; anterior clasper
larger and longer with about the same kind of a hook ;
accessory plate rather small, yellow, shining, with
rounded tip ; penis long, straight, ])lack, with a square
end, at which there is a process projecting forward in
the middle; arising from the front side a little before
the tip are a pair of black curved arms reaching for-
ward which, in conjunction with the flat and enlarged
tip, suggest the figure of a little dog sitting up in the
attitude of "begging." The basal joint of the penis
is so short as not to be distinguishable; fifth sternite

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 191

short, rather U-shaped, the terminal parts of the U
with short spines directed toward the center.

Legs black, middle femur with short spines near
the tip, which could hardly be called a comb; middle
tibia on front side with one or two bristles ; hind tibia
with long villosity, spreading both ways.

Wings hyaline, no costal spines; third segment
of costa as long as fifth and sixth together ; first vein
bare; third hairy about half way to the crossvein.

Female. Front .326 of head (average of five,—
.310, .317, .333, .333, .339) ; outer verticals and orbit-
als distinct; genital segment deep red with rather
round opening, having a notch above.

Length 10-14 mm.

Many specimens of both sexes from Massachu-
setts to California ; a common scavenger. Parker re-
ports it breeding in human excrement, and I found
specimens with the same habit noted in the collection
of the State Laboratory of Natural History of Illi-
nois.

Mr. John B. Gill, of the Bureau of Entomology,
Monticello, Fla., sent specimens for identification,
accompanied by the following note, which I am per-
mitted to publish:

"Passed a number of rather large dipterous larvae
with my stool on the morning of June 21, 1916, after
taking a strong dose of "Pluto" water. Some feces
containing a few larvae caged for the purpose of rear-
ing adults. June 24th, all larvae have left the excre-
ment and entered the sand for pupation. Found five
pupae and two larvae buried in the sand in depths
varying from 2 to 4 inches. July 3d, six adults (Sar-
cophagids) emerged. July 4-16, two adults emerged.
All specimens pinned. Quaintance No. 10590."

Mr. Gill also stated in his letter that the larvae
had attained full growth within his alimentary canal.

Prof. Leonard Haseman, of the University of
Missouri, sent adults of this species for identification,
which had, as in the case just recorded, been passed
from the human alimentary canal. He received them
from Dr. A. L. Lewis, Sumner, Mo., who at Profes-

192 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

sor Haseman's request furnished additional informa-
tion, from which the following is extracted:

"The larvae of flies I sent you were collected by
the mother from a chamber; I personally do not know
that they were passed by the patient. There are four
in the family. The father, aged about 30, has never no-
ticed any larvae. The mother, aged about 26, has
passed larvae in 1912-13-14-15, none yet this year; has
had from one to three attacks each year, in the months
of July, August, and September. A girl, aged 7^, tirst
passed larvae in Jul}- this year, — flies sent you. Boy
aged 5, no larvae this year, one attack last year. * * *
The attacks are short, one or two days; some elevation
of temperature (101 to 102 degrees), colicky pains in
abdomen, anorexia, sometimes nausea and vomiting.
Calomel with salts or oil will bring the larvae, after
which the patient recovers."

Dr. L. O. Howard, Chief of the Bureau of Ento-
mology, states in reply to an inquiry that many cases
of Sarcophaga larvae passed in stools have been re-
ferred to the Bureau; as far as I know these are the
first in which the species has been determined. Pre-
cisely similar cases are noted by Dr. Ernest Warren
in Annals Natal Museum, i, 215, 1906-08, as occur-
ring in Natal; since haemorrhoidalis occurs through-
out Africa, as well as in Europe and Asia, it is not
improbable that he was dealing with this species, al-
though his single reared adult was a female, and was
identified at the British Museum by Mr. Austen only
as Sarcophaga sp. Mr. Austen's partial description
of the specimen agrees with this species. In Europe
also, according to Mr. Austen, similar cases have been
recorded without specific identification.

These cases raise the suspicion that intestinal
myiasis in man may be often or generally caused
by this insect. The habit involves, not only the de-
posit of larvae on human food, which probably occurs
at times in several scavenger species of Sarcophaga,
but also the ability of the larva to develop almost or
quite to full size within the alimentary canal of man,
which has not as yet been proved in any other species.

Prof. C. L. Metcalf has recently published in
Bull. 253, Maine Experiment Station, some interest-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 193

ing information on myiasis due to species of Syr-
phidffi.

Type. — Presumably in the Academy of Sciences
in Stockholm. Bottcher attributes the species to
Meigen, ignoring Fallen, although Meigen quotes
Fallen's description.

The synonymy of georgina was made out by
Bottcher by examining the type in Vienna. Whether
the references to georgina in our literature since Wie-
demann refer to this species is a question. They are
as follows:

Harris, Ins. Inj. Vegetation, 3d ed., 613, oc. in Mass.

Walker, List, iv, 829, oc. in British Amer.

Emmons, Nat. Hist, of New York, pt. v, iii, 181, plate.

— N. Y.
Johnson, Cat. Ins. N. J., oc. in N. J. ; Psyche, xix, 104,
notes; Annals E. S. A., vi, 1913, doubtful oc. in Ber-
mudas.
Webster, Bull. 67, Bur. Ent., 98, parasitic on Caloptenus
differentials in Wyoming; same in Yearbook Dept.
Agr., 1907, 248, fig.
New Mexico, several places — Cockerell.
Colorado — Tucker.

Felt, 28th N. Y. Ent. Kept., 19 13, 80-82, pi. vii, larval
characters ; bred from carrion in New York. Dr.
Parker, in Canada Ent., xlviii, 359, identifies Felt's
species with 6". biiUata Park.

No. 88. Sarcophaga wiedemanni n. sp. *

A very large, robust tropical species with yellow-
ish pollen.

Male. Head covered with yellow pollen, includ-
ing the back, except just below the neck; front .204
of head ; frontal stripe broad and dark brown ; frontal
bristles about 12, only a little diverging below, reach-
ing past the base of the second antennal joint; para-
facials with a delicate row of small hairs; antenna?

*I had called this siie<'ies clinj^iistowa Wied.. overlooking the note b.v
Boettcher. Deutsche Ent. Zeitsch, 1013, :\T.i. in which he states that the types
of that species include a whole series of forms. Unfortunately the plates
were printed when I changed the name; the reader is therefore requested
to correct the explanation of Fi.u:. S.S.

194 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

black at base, the third joint brownish, slender, nearly
three times the second, reaching three-fourths of its
length; the plumosity is especially erect and long
close to the base; vibriss^e a little above the oral mar-
gin and slightly approximated ; f acialia black, strong-
ly separated from the middle of the face, which is
yellow; palpi brown, inclining to yellowish at tip;
proboscis black, moderately short; back of head with
a single row of black hairs behind the eye, elsewhere
covered with dense, long, yellow hair which extends
forward on the bucca almost to the vibriss^e. Outer
vertical bristle absent; bucca one-third the eye height.

Thorax with conspicuous yellowish pollen, on
which are three broad black stripes and two slender
lateral ones; ps dc two, close together, just before the
scutellum; ant acr none; prsc one small pair; scutel-
lum with two lateral bristles and stout apical pair (in
the described specimen one of these apical bristles is
not developed).

Abdomen with light yellow, changeable pollen,
not very distinctly striped ; some of the pollen is rather
brown; first and second segments with only lateral
bristles ; third segment with a single median marginal
pair and two laterals ; fourth segment with a marginal
row of about 12.

Hypopygium much narrower than abdomen,
without any bristles, but with numerous slender erect
hairs. First segment dark brown, moderately long,
with some yellowish pollen above; second segment
reddish in color, inclining to brown on the sides,
rather globose; forceps black, long and slender, not
diverging at apex, with a conspicuously shining area
about the middle behind and with coarse black hair
along the sides, directed outwardly. The accessory
j)late black and stout, rather elongated, bearing hair
like the forceps; posterior claspers very slender,
black, nearly straight; anterior claspers broad and
black, slightly concave behind, strongly bent forward,
tapering to a moderate hook at the apex ; penis rather
small, reddish brown, basal joint distinct, the distal

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 195

one quite smooth in outline, bearing on the middle of
the front side a stout lobe turned toward the base and
black at tip and a pair of twisted hooklike organs
directed forward; fifth sternite exposed in a brown
ridge for a considerable distance before the excision,
behind which it rapidly diverges, with a brush of
black bristles along the edge.

Legs black, stout; long villosity on the under
side of all the femora and the inner side of all the
tibiae; this villosity is least on the front tibiae, but is
strongly developed on the middle as well as the hind
ones; middle femur without comb; middle tibia with
single bristle on outer front side; hind tibia and hind
femur distinctly curved.

Wings with brownish tinge; no costal spines;
third segment of costa longer than fifth and sixth to-
gether; first vein bare; third hairy almost half way
to crossvein.

Female. Front .266 of head, with the usual or-
bital bristles; outer vertical bristles distinct; the api-
cal bristles of the scutellum are fully as strong as the
two lateral pairs, all very stout at base. Genital seg-
ment red, its margin thickened and forming a ver-
tical slit of which the upper part is guarded by a very
dense row of short bristles. The first and second
sternites bear respectively four and two stout bris-
tles ; third and fourth also each have a pair which are
less conspicuous. The bristles of the fourth tergite
extend along the entire lower surface, there being
about 10 very stout ones below the lateral angle.
Both the angle and tergite are prolonged somewhat
into a pointed flap which also bears heavy, short
bristles.

Length of male, 19 mm.; of female, 18 mm.

One male and two females. The male is from
Santa Marta, Colombia, May, 1913, collected by J.
H. Egbert (JJ. S. N. M.) ; female from Punta Are-
nas, Costa Rica, collected by Frederick Knab (U. S.
N. M.) ; the other female from Brazil, (H. H.
Smith) in Dr. Williston's collection.

196 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Holotvpe and Allotype. — Male and female, No.
20552, U. S. N. M.

No. 89. Sarcophaga thatuna n. sp.

An elongated, blackish western species.

Male. Front .182 of head (average of six, —
.163, .174, .178, .179, .183, .217); parafrontals and
parafacials pale yellow polhnose, shining, the latter
with the usual row of hairs, the lower ones coarse;
frontals about 13 in number, rapidly diverging be-
low, reaching a little below the base of the second an-
tennal joint; ocellars distinct; antenna blackish, the
third joint brown, twice as long as the second and
reaching four-fifths of the way to the vibrissa?, which
are barely above the oral margin; arista plumose for
three-fifths of its length; facialia with rather con-
spicuous hairs for nearly half their length ; palpi and
proboscis black, ordinary; bucca one-third the eye-
height; back of head with about four rows of black
hairs, the pale hairs confined to the space around the
neck and below it; outer verticals not developed.

Thorax with rather thin gray pollen, the usual
3 to 5 black stripes; the submedian gray stripes in-
distinctly divided before the suture; ps dc four; ant
acr none; prsc, one pair; stpl three; scutellum with
2 or 3 marginal pairs, one or two preapical and one
smallish apical pair.

Abdomen with rather silvery changeable pollen,
with indications of three stripes ; first and second seg-
ments with only lateral bristles, several on each seg-
ment; third segment with a median marginal pair
and a short lateral row; fourth segment with a dense
marginal row of about 24.

First segment of hypopygium shining black or
brown on its hind margin, with a row of stout hairs;
second segment globose, shining, with numerous
erect hairs; forceps long, straight, shining black,
more brown on the base ; near the tip rather abruptly
bent forward, tapering to a point without a distinct
hook; accessory plate yellow, moderately elongated.

SARCOPHAGA AND AIJJES 197

rounded at tip; posterior claspers long, rather
straight, blackish brown, shining, moderately curved
and pointed at tip; anterior clasper similar but
straighter and more depressed; penis mostly shining,
blackish, basal segment elongated, the distal segment
on the back with a narrow keel at the base, widening
at the middle into a prominence on each side, then
narrowing rapidly to a slender brownish process di-
vided near the tip and bent forward. From the
center of the distal segment arise two pairs of
slender, black, straight processes, which extend
straight out as far as the posterior organs go, and
then curve forward. On the anterior side of the base
of these arise two shining black elongated plates with
two notches in the apex, enclosing between them
some softer tissues. As the figure shows, those api-
cal developments of the distal segment are quite sep-
arated from each other, giving the organs a unique
appearance. Fifth sternite with a wide V-shaped
opening, fringed with only a few bristles.

Legs black; middle femur without comb; mid-
dle tibia with three bristles on the outer side and some
erect villosity on the inner side; hind femora curved
but not much enlarged ; hind tibia with erect villosity
spreading both ways.

Wing subhyaline; no costal spine; third costal
segment longer than fifth and sixth together; first
vein bare ; third vein hairy more than half way to the
crossvein.

Female. Front .327 of head. Outer vertical
bristles distinct; bucca about one-half of the eye-
height; scutellum without apical bristles; hind mar-
gin of fourth segment red on outer part ; genital seg-
ment yellow, rather protuberant, with vertical slit
bordered with long black bristles. A small costal
spine.

Length 13 to 15 mm.

Six males and one female; Moscow, Idaho, most-
ly collected Sept. 9, 1908, resting on stones at the
summit of Cedar Mountain near Moscom% Idaho.

198 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

This mountain, locally called "Moscow Mountain,"
is about 4,900 feet high and is part of a range desig-
nated on the map as Thatuna Hills, from which the
name of the species is derived, in commemoration of
many delightful collecting excursions by the writer.

Holotype and Allotype. — Male and female, No.
20539, U. S. N. M.

No. 90. Sarcophaga elongata n. sp.

So nearly like thatuna that it will suffice to indi-
cate the differences.

Front .202 of the head (average of two, — .200
and 204) ; third antennal joint slightly shorter; for-
ceps dark brown at base, the rest shining black, grad-
ually diverging and curving forward to a slender,
tapering tip; anterior claspers more strongly curved
near the apex and with an oblique excision at the tip,
underneath which is a second point behind the main
one; the distal segment of the penis is of quite dif-
ferent shape, widening into a blunt tip from which
project some very short small processes, one pair of
which are whitish and have a delicate white fringe;
on the front side of the distal segment there are a
pair of large erect plates, dark along the edges, near-
ly transparent in the middle. They are connected
together by a delicate membrane on the apical side
and form a sort of expanded tip ; the middle and hind
tibise with dense villosity, that of the former com-
paratively short, and that of the latter very long. .

Length 14 mm.

Two males; one is from Colorado, collection of
C. V. Riley in the National Museum ; the other speci-
mens from Jemez Mountains, N. Mex., July 5, 1914,
in the collection of Mr. Harbeck.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20540, U. S. N. M., from
Colorado.

No. 91. Sarcophaga occidentalis n. sp.

Male. Very similar to thatuna, differing in the
following respects:

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 199

Front .160 of head (average of five, — .145, .157,
.158, .164, .175) ; third segment of abdomen with an
incomplete row of marginal bristles; forceps evenly
curved forward to a sharp tip ; anterior claspers with
an elongated lobe underneath the apex; the distal
segment of the penis is rather small, produced into
a slender process which curves forward, bearing on
the front side two pairs of slender processes, longer
than the preceding, and a long curved fringe which
extends forward in a slender prolongation supported
by a darker colored thickening. Middle tibia with
dense villosity and with two bristles on outer side.
Hind femora curved slightly, stouter than in thatuna.
The villosity of the hind tibia long and dense, spread-
ing both ways.

Female. Front .295 of head. One pair well
developed ant acr; no apical bristles on scutellmn.
The pollen on the abdomen consists principally of
four spots on the anterior part of each segment, the
posterior half of the segment being almost entn^ely
shining black. The males show this peculiarity in
a more or less degree and in thatuna it is still less.
The fourth segment of abdomen broadly yellow at
apex; genital segment yellow, retracted, forming a
vertical slit, fringed with a scattering row of long
black bristles. Wings rather distinctly infuscated,
especially near the base.

Length 6 to 14 mm.

Five males and one female. The holotype is
from Moore's Lake, Idaho, collected July 10, 1907,
at an altitude of 6300 feet. It is the largest speci-
men. One male Moscow Mountain, June 1, 1907;
one male Vancouver, B. C, July 25, 1907, collected
by R. V. Harvey (Prof. Hine's collection) ; two
males and one female Friday Harbor, Wash., May
29 and June 1, 1906. All collected by the writer ex-
cept as indicated. The specimens vary so much in
size that it is difficult to believe that they all come
within one species. However, no differences have

200 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

been detected which would justify a different con-
clusion.

Holotype and allotype. — Male and female, No.
20451, U. *S. N. M.

No. 92. Sarcophaga juliaetta n. sp.

Very similar to thatuna, differing only in the
following characters :

Front .187 of head (average of three, — .186,
187, .188) ; third segment of abdomen with an inter-
rupted row of bristles, the posterior part of all the
abdominal segment broadly shining; forceps slen-
der, brownish at base, the remainder shining black,
diverging and tapering to a slender point, evenly
curved forward. The distal segment of the penis
strikingly large, the posterior part straight, rather
reddish toward the apex, where it curves forward,
bordered along the apex with a whitish fringe. Near
the base of the distal segment arise on the front side
two large half transparent shining brown plates
which have the anterior edge minutely serrated. Be-
tween these and extending forward are two whitish
plates very much larger. From the middle of the
distal segment arise two black, straight processes,
extending toward the apex and bearing whitish
fringelike structures which are more or less covered
by the part behind them. Middle and hind tibiae with
long villosity; the middle tibia has more than four
bristles on the outer front side.

Female. Front .32.5 of head, with the usual or-
bital bristles; the outer verticals well developed. The
hairs on the paraf acials unusually strong and bristle-
like below; in the described specimen there are five
ps dc on each side and the scutellum has seven mar-
ginals on one side and six on the other; the third ab-
dominal segment with an interrupted row of very ap-
pressed bristles; genital segment red, with roundish
opening fringed with black hairs.

Length 14 to 17 mm.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 201

Four males and one female. All from Juliaetta,
Idaho, except one male from Moscow. In this spe-
cies name I commemorate one of the delightful col-
lecting grounds of the Northwest; a little town sit-
uated in a valley, almost a canyon, 1500 feet below
the surrounding region, just at the dividing line be-
tween the Upper Sonoran and the Transition zone.

Two males and one female from Craig's Moun-
tain, Idaho, are probably to be referred to this spe-
cies. The outer anterior plate of the distal segment
of the penis is quite different in shape, having a long
recurved point apically and a short one basally; the
interior large plates of juliaetta are in this case much
contracted, but I have reason to suppose that these ex-
tended wide membranes are really of the nature of
erectile tissue, in which case they would naturally
show different degrees of expansion.

Two females from Kanaka Bay and Longmire's
Springs, Wash., belong certainly in this group, but
the exact species cannot be determined at present.

Holotvpe and Allotype. — Male and female. U.
S. N. M. ■

No. 93. Sarcophaga perspicax n. sp.

Male. Front .205 of head (average of two, —
.197 and .212). Kesembles thatuna very much but
differs in the following particulars. All the tibia? are
villous on the inner side, the villosity especially long
and dense on the middle and hind ones. Forceps
long, slender and curved forward toward apex, also
diverging widely; tips sharp; both claspers black,
curved forward, the anterior ones with a little lobe
underneath at apex, giving them a forked appear-
ance. The distal segment of the penis of moderate
size, swollen in the middle, the back part continued
forward to apex in a broad curved plate which is
not fringed or barely fringed at the tip. Just in
front of this and partially concealed is a round black
tube of the same length, in front of which again
are two plates with teeth on the outer front edge

202 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

near the tip; attached on the front side before the
middle of the distal segment are a pair of broad
plates, mostly blackish in color.

Length 16 mm.

Two males, Golden, Colo., June 10, 1898. One
from Prof. Hine and the other from the Hough
collection.

Holotype. — Male, in Professor Hine's collec-
tion.

No. 94. Sarcophaga gracilis n. sp.

Male. Front .183 of head (one specimen). Ex-
ceedingly close to thatuna in all of its characters,
except that the tibiae are all much more strongly
villous, as in ijerspicaoc; also the genitalia show de-
cisive differences. The forceps are slender, widely
divergent, and very higly polished; claspers as in
perspiccuT, except that the anterior pair are red; dis-
tal segment of penis strikingly small in comparison
with all the rest of the thatuna group, not with any
striking prolongations beyond the central part; on
the front side with a deeply concave plate developed
into rather thickened lobes at the sides not extend-
ing much beyond the body of the segment, but the
tips turned a little back.

Length 13 mm.

One male, Colorado 2019. In Hough collection,
received from Colorado Experiment Station.

Holotype. — In Hough collection.

No. 95. Sarcophaga securifera Vill.

Villeneuve, Mittheilungen aus cl. zool. Mus. Berlin, iv,

123, fig. — Canary Islands.
Bottcher, Deutsche Ent. Zeitsch., 1913, 15 and 370, fig.
— Europe.
Male, Front .230 of head (average of five, —
.223, .226, .226, .229, .247). Gray pollinose; para-
frontals and parafacials and orbit of the eye with
a distinctly yellow cast; frontals about 11 in num-
ber, some of the upper ones very weak, the rows sud-
denly diverging below, reaching the middle of the

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 203

second antennal joint; ocellar bristles rather slen-
der; parafacials rather wide, with the usual row of
hairs, which are rather long and slender below; an-
tennae black, the third joint more than twice the sec-
ond, reaching three-fourths of the way to the vibrissas,
which are at the oral margin; arista plumose slightly-
more than halfway; palpi and proboscis black, ordi-
nary; bucca almost half the eyeheight, with abund-
ant white beard, which extends over the back of the
head, there being only a single row of black hairs
behind the eye. Outer vertical bristles hardly larger
than the adjacent hairs.

Thorax gray pollinose, with the usual three to
five black stripes; the two submedian gray stripes
divided before the suture; ps dc rapidly diminishing
in size, the hindmost one strong, several in front of
this dwindling to about the size of the adjacent hairs;
ant acr not differentiated from hairs; prsc one pair;
stpl three; scutellum with two marginal, one small
subapical and one small apical pair.

Abdomen gray, tessellated, with an indistinct
middle stripe. First and second segments with only
lateral bristles; third with one median marginal and
one lateral pair; fourth entirely black with a mar-
ginal row of 14..

Hypopygium rather dark red; first segment of
moderate size, shining, along the hind margin some-
what darker in color and with a row of short, rather
stout bristles; second segment globose, shining, with
nmnerous hairs but no bristles. Forceps wide and
short, in profile with a moderate hump before the
apex, thence obliquely truncate or a little concave
to a hooked tip, which is on the front edge. Acces-
sory plate rather large, thick and dark brown, oval
in shape; posterior clasper rather stout, brown,
cui-ved forward to a sharp apex; anterior clasper
blackish, rather straight and flat toward the tip;
penis mostly blackish; basal segment of moderate
length; distal segment broad and rather thick, with
two small lobes protruding from the apex, which are

204 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

partly surrounded by two peculiar long, slender proc-
esses, widened at their apices, which originate from
the back of the segment and project forward; under-
neath these are a pair of very distinct slender re-
curved hooks. Fifth sternite yellow and shining on
the basal part, broadly divided into two large shining
black lobes, bare except on inner edge, where they
have a brush of short hairs.

Legs black ; middle femur with comb on the low-
er side behind; middle tibia not villous, with two
bristles on the outer front side ; hind femur with fairly
abundant and long villosity, mostly on the inner side.

Wings hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment a little longer than fifth and sixth together.
First vein bare; third hairy for a short distance at
the base.

Female. Front .317 of head (average of five, —
.308, .308, .319, .319, .332), narrowed at vertex; orbi-
tals and outer verticals distinct. Beard and black
hairs behind the eye as in the male, one of the best
characters for distinguishing this female. Prsc quite
small; no apical bristles on the scutellum. Genital
segment dark red; the orifice fringed with the usual
bristles. Middle femur not with comb; tibia not
villous.

Length 9.5-14 mm.

Xumerous specimens of both sexes. 15 speci-
mens from Washington, D. C, five pairs taken in
copulation. These were all collected by Mr. F. Knab
in the neighborhood of the Washington Market, close
to the National Museum, which would indicate that
the species is a scavenger. Four specimens from
New York City (Sturtevant) ; two from Miami, Fla.
(Knab) ; one, Nyack, N. Y. (J. L. Zabriskie, 1883) ;
one Philadelphia (H. Skinner) ; 11 specimens from
Mr. Harbeck's collection taken at various places in
eastern Pennsylvania; five specimens from Worces-
ter, Mass. (S. T. Orton) ; these were labeled sarra-
cenice in the National Museum) ; one specimen D.
C, collection Coquillett, also named sarracenkc in

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 205

National Museum. The female of this species differs
from the numerous allied forms principally in hav-
only a single row of black hairs behind the eye. This,
with the reduction of the ps dc, the general light
color, the long third costal segment, with the front
narrowing toward the vertex, will easily distinguish
the species in the female sex.

I am indebted to Mr. Parker for the identifica-
tion of this European species.

The species is omitted from the Zoological Rec-
ord and the International Catalogue of Scientific
Literature, no doubt on account of the fact that "n.
sp." was accidentally left out after the name, in the
original description.

Boettcher indicates (loc. cit.) that part of Schin-
er's types of Sarcophaga dalmatina (Fauna Austi., i,
571, 1862) are this species. He does not explain his
preference for the later name, but I deem it best to
leave the European nomenclature in the hands of
Europeans.

Type.^ — In the collection of Dr. J. Villeneuve,
Rambouillet, France.

No. 96. Sarcophaga falculata Pand.

Pandelle, Revue ent., xv, 185, 1896. — Europe.

Bottcher, Deutsche Ent. Zeitsch., 1913, 13, fig. and 370,
note. — Europe, North India.
Male. Front .243 of head (average of three, —
.241, .244, .245) ; frontal bristles about nine, the rows
suddenly diverging below, reaching about to the mid-
dle of the second antennal joint; ocellars slender but
distinct; parafrontals and parafacials shining gray
pollinose, a little silvery below, the latter with the
usual row of hairs near the eye; antennas brownish
black; third joint more than twice the second, reaching
three-fourths of the way to the vibrisste, which are at
the oral margin ; arista plumose a little over halfway ;
palpi and proboscis black, ordinary; bucca one-third
the eyeheight, with abundant white hair; which covers
the back of the head except for two rows of black

206 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

hairs behind the eye. Outer vertical bristles not de-
veloped.

Thorax gray pollinose with the usual three of
five black stripes ; subniedian gray stripes divided be-
fore the suture; ps dc four or five, the anterior ones
very small; ant acr none; prsc, one pair; stpl three
and occasionally four; scutelluin witli two pairs of
marginals, a small pair of preapicals and a mod-
erately large pair of apicals.

Abdomen gray pollinose, with well developed
tessellation. First and second segments with only
lateral bristles; third with a variable row of 8 to 14,
more or less interrupted; fourth with a rather dense
row of nearly 20, diminishing on the sides.

First segment of hypopygium blackish or dark
brown, pollinose above toward the apex, without
bristles, sometimes with a row of hairs on the hind
margin; second segment shining red, globose, with
nmnerous erect hairs; forceps dark brown, the at-
tached part with abundant fine black hair, the free
part small, mostly bare and shining, with a hump be-
hind it, from which it tapers with a slight forward
curve to the apex, which is not very sharp ; accessory
plate brown, thick, mostly shining, rounded; claspers
brown, slender, sharp and the posterior a little
hooked; anterior noticeably straight toward its tip
without any hook at all. Penis with short brown
basal segment; the distal segment blackish, rapidly
widening, short, with a blunt point, in front of which
are two small shining black lobes and two shining
brown more divergent and longer ones; on the front
side apically, are two plates rather curled in, looking
like hooks in profile; basally from these a pair of
prominent, erect thin brown plates, which stand
nearly parallel to each other on the apical part but
spread out flat basally. Fifth sternite shining yellow
on the basal united part, the V-shaped excision filled
in broadly at the base with a membrane; beyond this
the sides diverge into two high, rounded, smooth black
lobes, bearing spines not brush-like on the inner side.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 207

Legs black ; middle femur with poorly developed
comb on the lower side behind; middle tibia with a
single bristle on the outer front side and with some
rather appressed villosity near the apex on the mner
side. Hind tibia with well-developed but not striking
villosity.

Wings hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment a little longer than fifth and sixth together.
First vein bare; third hairy part way to crossvein.

Female. Front .325 of head. Back of head
with same light and dark hairs as in male ; easily sep-
arated from the related securifera by having two
rows of black hairs behind the eye instead of one.
Genital segments red, not conspicuous, the opening
circular; underneath the abdomen it is easy to count
five black and two red sternites, the latter small, the
last one forming a slight protuberance.

Length 10-1.5 mm.

Five males and one female. One male Charles-
ton, Mo. (Vernon King), "Reared from Lachnos-
terna"; one male, one female, Dallas, Texas, bred in
decaying meat (Bishop, "Screw worm No. 245") ;
one male Wernersville, Pa. (Harbeck) ; one male
La Fayette, Ind. ; one male Oahu, Hawaii (H. H.
Sever in).

I am indebted to Mr. Parker for the determina-
tion of this European species.

No. 97. Sarcophaga amoena n. sp.

Male. Front .200 of head (one specimen) ;
parafrontals and parafacials deep golden yellow pol-
linose; frontal stripe blackish, well defined; frontals
about 13, moderately divergent below and reaching
to middle of second antennal joint; parafacial with
only small hairs in a row near eye ; ocellars small but
distinct from the hairs behind them; outer vertical
barely perceptible; antennae black, third joint three
times the second and reaching four-fifths of the way
to the vibrisScT, which are considerably above the oral
margin; second antennal joint with a good-sized, out-

208 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

curved bristle; arista long-plumose for three-fourths
its length; facialia black, hairy for half their height;
palpi and proboscis black, ordinary; bucca golden
pollinose in front and covered with yellow beard,
which extends up the back of the head, there being
but two rows of black hairs behind the eye.

Thorax whitish jjollinose with 3-5 strong black
stripes, the submedian gray stripes divided narrowly
before the suture; ps dc 2, close to scutellum; ant dc
1, just before suture; ant acr none; prsc 1; stpl 3, the
intermediate small; scutellum with two large margin-
als and an apical but little smaller.

Abdomen black, strongly tessellated; first three
segments with only lateral bristles; fourth with mar-
ginal row of nearly 20.

Hypopygium deep red ; first segment long, shin-
ing, with small row of bristles at apex; second seg-
ment shining, globose. Forceps long, black on apical
half or more, diverging at base and thence almost
parallel, strongly bent forward about middle, thence
nearly straight to the slender, sharp tips; accessory
plate large, oval, brown, thin and paler on hind edge,
excised at tip ; posterior clasper black, straight, blunt ;
anterior clasper very stout, strongly curved, black ex-
cept base. Penis yellowish-red, its basal segment
not visible; the distal segment smooth, with a square
end, from which on the front side arise two pairs of
long, irregular arms, the inner longer; from the hol-
low apex protrude three points, one unpaired. Fifth
sternite widely excised, near the base on each side
forming a yellow ridge with short black brush; the
remainder concealed under the fourth tergite.

Legs black; middle and hind tibia? and femora
with dense long villosity ; middle tibia with one bristle
on outer front side.

AVings hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment longer than fifth and sixth together; first vein
bare, third with a few hairs.

Female. Front narrowest at vertex^ .240 of
head (one specimen), with the usual orbitals and

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 209

outer vertical; ocellars very small; apical scutellars
very strong, equaling the marginals; fourth abdom-
inal segment with dense row of marginals; genital
segment red, white-pruinose below, the orifice slit-
like, two spiracles in each lateral sclerite, the outer
separated by more than its own width from the mar-
gin (in other sj^ecies one of them is generally at the
outer edge of the sclerite if visible at all) ; legs not
villous, middle tibia with two bristles on outer side.
Otherwise as in male.

Length of male, 9 mm ; of female, 6^2 ^^i^-

One male, one female, Dominica, W. I., H. W.
Foote, Yale Expedition, 1913.

Holotype and allotype. — Male and female, No.
20543, U. S. N. M.

No. 98. Sarcophaga capitata n. sp.

Male. Front .183 of head (average of two, —
.182 and .185). Like amoena except in the follow-
ing respects:

Parafrontals, parafacials, and anterior part of
bucca with deep fulvous pollen, beard of same color,
very showy, covering bucca and back of head, except
a single row of black hairs behind eye. Third abdom-
inal segment with a large pair of median marginals;
accessory plate hardly excised, the thin hind edge
continued to a point ; anterior clasper ordinary, rather
long and slender, straight near tip ; fifth sternite with
rather striking black brushes. Metatarsi of hind and
middle legs with some villous hairs below (not the
case in amoena) .

Female. Front .245 of head (one specimen).
Like the female of amoena, but has the head-pollen
and beard quite deep yellow, including back of head
except the sharply-defined dark occiput; third ab-
dominal segment with a pair of median marginals and
several smaller between these and the laterals; the
outer spiracle of the genital segment is barely en-
closed by the sclerite.

Length of male 15 mm.; of female 11 mm.

210 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Two males and one female, all from Porto Rico ;
one male and the female are from the collection of
the American Museum of Natural History, collected
at Mayaguez, March 7-9, and Arecibo, March 1-4,
1914, respectively; the other male is from the Na-
tional Museum, collected at Mayaguez July 1, 1915,
by R. H. Van Zwalenberg.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20544, U. S. N. M.,
from Mayaguez.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20544, N. S. N. M.,
from same place.

Holotype and allotype. — Male and female. No.
20544, U. *S. N. M., froin Mayaguez.

No. 99. Sarcophaga hillifera n. sp. (/////a, a sausage).

Male. Front .237 of head (average of five, —
.229, .233, .237, .240, .246) ; parafrontals and para-
facials silvery pollinoise, rather shining; frontal bris-
tles 10 or 11, rather weak above the middle, the rows
diverging moderately below, reaching the middle of
the second antennal joint. Ocellar bristles not dif-
ferentiated from hairs; parafrontals with rather nu-
merous erect hairs ; paraf acials with scattered hairs
near the eye not arranged in row^s. Antennce black,
third joint three times the second, reaching four-
fifths of the way to the vibrissa; arista plumose for
two-thirds of its length. Bucca almost half the eye-
height, with largely pale hairs ; back of head with three
rows of black hairs behind the eye and rather abund-
ant pale hairs centrally. Outer vertical bristles
slightly developed; palpi and proboscis black, ordi-
nary.

Thorax with whitish pollen and 3 to 5 conspicu-
ous black stripes; ps dc indistinct except the hind-
most two or three, which diminish rapidly in size.
Ant acr none ; prsc very slender ; stpl with two large
bristles and numerous erect hairs, some of them rather
coarse; scutellum with two stout marginal bristles
and a fairly large apical pair, the subapical hardly
distinguishable from the long hairs of the disk.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 211

Abdomen black and silvery, tessellated, very
robust, segments short and deep. First two with only
lateral bristles; third with a pair of coarse appressed
hairs in the place of median marginal bristles ; fourth
segment with a mixed row of hairs and bristles on
the margin, about a dozen are rather stout.

Hypopygimii red and shining; first segment re-
markably long and curved so as to suggest a sausage,
from which it is named, and with a row of bristles at
the posterior end; the second segment of equal diam-
eter with the first and of the same color so that it
helps to increase the resemblance to a link of sausage.
Both segments have numerous erect hairs. Forceps
long and nearly straight, the front and hind edges
almost parallel, not pointed at the apex ; viewed from
behind they diverge slightly and then converge again
at the tips, touching each other; accessory plate al-
most white, rather small, with a long basal process
running back on the segment. The body of the organ
is nearly round, the posterior edge thin and bare,
with an indistinct point slightly set off at the apex;
posterior clasper short, erect, nearly straight, round-
ed at the tip, shining black; anterior clasper rather
short, nearly straight on the inner side, the outer
curving to a point; penis red, basal segment small
and short, distal segment rather small, pointed, most-
ly enclosed in a broad expansion of the back plate
which, however, is widely open at the tip showing
some internal processes when viewed from that di-
rection. On the front side of the distal segment
there is a thick tongue-like red lobe that turns back
toward the base, and there are also on the front side
of the middle two minute yellowish hooks and an-
other pair widely diverging at the outer margin.
Fifth sternite yellow near the base, on each side de-
veloped into a pointed erect horn, very striking and
readily seen in specimens that have not been spread.
From this horn the organ extends laterally to a con-
siderable length, bearing dark hairs but no brushes.

Legs black; middle and hind tibiae with strik-

212 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

ingly long and dense villosity, the former with a
single stout spine on the outer front side; middle
femur without comb.

Wings hyaline ; no costal spines ; third costal seg-
ment nearly as long as fifth and sixth. First vein
bare; third hairy about halfway to crossvein.

Length 15-16 mm.

Five males from Miami, Fla., collected by C. T.
Townsend, and one by Frederick Knab. Collected
in November and December.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20545, U. S. N. M.

No. 100. Sarcophaga spectabilis n. sp.

Very similar to hUlifera, the most obvious dif-
ference being that in both sexes the fourth abdominal
segment is broadly red on the apical part, generally
as much as one-half its length; the single male show-
ing this peculiarity also has perfectly distinct geni-
talic characters. Ocellar bristles wanting in both
sexes; third abdominal segment without distinct
median marginal pair of bristles in the male, but
with them in the female.

Male. Front .205 of head. First segment of
hypopygium red, shining, long and sausage-like, but
not so much so as in hillifera, with row of bristles at
end ; second segment red, globose ; forceps black, long
and slender, distinctly more curved forward about
the middle ; accessory plate almost circular in outline,
the posterior edge thin and bare; posterior clasper
black, straight, hardly tapering; anterior clasper yel-
low, very wide and short, with only a tooth at outer
angle, the basal part concealed behind an expansion
of the second genital segment; penis yellow, small,
basal segment short; distal segment in profile almost
concealed by the lateral expansion of the back plate,
which however is deeply excised near its middle, and
is widely open apically; on the front side a pair of
stout ascending yellow processes arise, ending in two
sharp points turned forward; at the apex a pair of
small points project forward, with a wide, transpar-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 213

ent margin in front. Fifth sternite brownish-yellow,
stout at base, with widely divergent arms which are
covered on the inner edge with a dense cluster of
rather long black bristles, becoming less dense out-
wardly. Fourth abdominal segment with a more uni-
form row of stout bristles than in hilUfera.

Female. Front narrowest at vertex, where it
is .279 of head (average of three,— .271, .279, .286) ;
apical scutellars as long and strong as the adjacent
marginals, divergent; row of marginals on fourth
segment notably stout; genital segment red; its side
pieces separated above by a triangular sclerite. Legs
not villous, middle tibiae with two spines on outer
front side.

Length of male, 15 mm; of female, 13 mm.

One male, three females; the male is from Nas-
sau, Bahamas, collected December 16, 1912, by F.
Knab ; the females are from Miami, Florida, collected
November 30 and December 1 and 2 by C. H. T.
Townsend.

Holotype and allotype. — Male and female, Xo.
20546, U. S. N. M.

No. 101. Sarcophaga otiosa Will.

Williston, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, 364, male (the
female is mentioned under concimmta) . — St. Vin-
cent. W. I.

I examined a cotype of each sex in the American
Museum of Natural History, and was permitted to
spread the genitalia of the male, from which I made
the sketch reproduced in Fig. 101.

The species is closely allied to hillifera, but has
golden face and yellowish pollen on thorax; Willis-
ton noted the absence of ocellars; the forceps are
rather straight in general shape, with minor undula-
tions, and have a peculiar oval concave space on the
outer side, different from anything else that I have
seen. By an oversight, I did not complete my notes
on the type, and cannot give a detailed description,
but it would hardly be necessaiy with the ascertained

214 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

resemblance to hillifera and the outline of the gen-
italia.

No. 102. Sarcophaga scoparia Pand.

Pandelle, Revue ent. xv, 1896, 198, male and female. —

East Prussia.
Bottcher, Deutsche Ent. Zeitsch., 181 3, 3, fig. — Europe.

Male. Front .215 of head (average of five, —
.203, .205, .215, .221, .233) ; parafrontals and para-
facials with smooth yellowish-gray pollen, the lat-
ter with an irregular row of hairs near eye, some-
what coarse; frontal stripe broad and sharply de-
fined; frontal bristles about 13, suddenly divergent
below, reaching as far as middle of second antennal
joint; ocellars well developed, outer vertical absent;
antennae brownish black, third joint twice the sec-
ond, reaching four-fifths of the way to vibrissae, which
are at oral margin; arista long, plumose halfway;
palpi and proboscis black, ordinary; bucca half the
eyeheight, with black beard as far back as meta-
cephalic suture; back of head with about four rows
of black hairs, but the inner irregular, only a little
whitish beard about and below the neck and on the
hind part of bucca.

Thorax thinly whitish-gray pollinose, with the
usual 3 to 5 stripes rather shining black ; ps dc 4 ; ant
acr 0 ; prsc 1 ; stpl 3, the middle one large, and some
long erect hairs; scutellum with the usual two mar-
ginals, one smaller subapical, and one apical, — the
apical and subapical are rather large, and there are
rather frequent deviations in the scutellar bristles,
additional marginals, etc.

Abdomen changeable black and whitish polli-
nose, the black parts seem unusually shining until
they are turned in a difl:'erent light, when they reverse
their color; first and second segments with only lat-
eral bristles; fourth with a marginal row of about a
dozen, diminishing at the sides.

Hypopygium rather large; first segment red on
exposed part, the basal part somewhat infuscated and

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 215

the membrane connecting the first and second seg-
ments above also darkened; a row of bristles near
hind edge; second segment red, shining^ globose,
without bristles; forceps black, brownish on the long
and wide attached part; free part long, tapering, di-
vergent, gently curved forward to a sharp point;
accessory plate brown, large, rounded at tip; pos-
terior clasper blackish, slender, strongly curved for-
ward to a sharp tip, with a distinct hair on front edge ;
anterior clasper red, long and low, nearly straight
near tip; penis blackish; basal joint large and flat,
darker than usual; distal segment wide, shining, at
its tip with two shining black transverse arms which
curve around forward and make an almost perfect
ring, very characteristic; they overlap a little at the
tips which are divided into two points; before these
arms on the front side are two diagonal transparent
plates, and between these a transverse blackish plate
bearing a black claw on each outer angle. Fifth
sternite widely excised, brown, with a long tuft of
bristles on each arm where it turns laterally.

Legs black; middle femora with dense row of
bristles below both anteriorly and posteriorly, but
hardly stubby enough to be called combs ; middle tibia
distinctly beyond middle, and with two bristles on the
outer front side; hind tibiee with dense and long vil-
losity.

Wings subhyaline; no costal spine; third costal
segment longer than fifth and sixth together; first
vein bare, third hairy halfway to the crossvein, which
is slightly infuscated.

Length 11% to 15 mm.

Eleven males: five from East Eddington,
Maine (Hough) ; two from New Bedford, Mass.
(Hough) ; one from North Saugus, Mass. (D. H.
Clemons, in National Musuem) ; one Seattle, Wash.
(Hine) ; one Kanaka Bay, Friday Harbor, Wash.;
and one from Moscow Mt., Idaho, the last two in
my collection.

216 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Bottcher states that in the female the genital
segment protrudes notably in the form of two plates
with a vertical fissure between them, bristly only
along the middle. He figures the structure.

It would appear from the localities represented
that the species is limited to northern latitudes or
high altitudes.

Type. — In the Pandelle collection in Paris.

No. 103. Sarcophaga peltata n. sp.

Bigot, in Sagra's Cuba, Spanish edition, vii, 1856, 344
{incerta, preoc. by Walker, Diptera Saundersiana,
1852, 324, an unrecognizable species from Jamaica).
— Cuba.

Male. Front .178 of head (average of fiv^e, —
.172, .172, .179, .182, .187) ; with smooth golden pol-
len extending from upper part of parafrontals down
over parafacials and front half of bucca, and nar-
rowly bordering the eye behind ; frontal stripe sharply
defined, wider than one parafrontal above, black
above but reddish near the antennae; ocellars distinct
but small ; parafacials with only a few small hairs be-
low near eye; antennae black, third joint fully three
times the second, reaching four-fifths of the way to
vibrissse, which are at oral margin; arista plumose
for three-fifths its length. Facialia blackish, middle
of face gray; proboscis and palpi black, ordinary;
bucca one-third the eyeheight ; back of head with
about 2I/2 rows of black hairs, some white ones about
neck and forming posterior part of beard below,
Outer vertical absent.

Thorax whitish poUinose with three to five black
stripes; ps dc four or five; ant acr hardly differen-
tiated from hairs except at front edge ; prsc 1 ; stpl 3 ;
scutellum with three marginal (the intermediate small
and close to the hindmost), one subapical, and no
apical.

Abdomen tessellated with gray on the first three
segments, with golden on the fourth, which has mostly
yellow ground color; a shining black median stripe,
becoming brownish on fourth segment ; segments one,

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 217

two, and three with only lateral bristles, the fourth
with a marginal row of about a dozen; fifth sternite
brownish yellow, the edges not divaricate but touch-
ing each other to the tips, which project from the
abdomen almost at a right angle, like a shield over
the genitalia in repose; outer margins fringed with
erect, stiff hairs.

Hypopygium yellow, both segments rather
large and covered with golden pollen; first with a
very widely interrupted row of hairs near hind edge;
second globose, with erect hairs, none bristle-like;
forceps yellow at base, free part becoming black,
short, obliquely truncate diagonally at apex, so that
the front and inner angle is the longest, with a slight
tooth projecting back in profile just behind the tip.
Accessory plate triangular, brownish-yellow, the hind
edge thin; posterior clasper black, moderately curved
and tapering, sharp at tip; anterior clasper yellow
at base, strongly curved to a black complex tip, of
which the main point is directed forward, a shorter
one forms a square angle below, and another projects
on the outer side on a level with the first but shorter.
Penis with very short yellow basal segment; distal
segment dark yellow, with a smooth, hooded apex
which greatly overhangs the basal part in front; bas-
ally from the hooded part a pair of complicated plates
arise from the stalk, lie rather close to the hooded
mass, and give off a pair of curved filaments on the
basal side.

Legs black; middle femur with distinct comb
on hind side below near tip; middle tibia with one
bristle on outer front side and no villosity on inner
side ; hind tibia with minute but fairly distinct villous
hairs along the middle, spreading both ways, but not
much longer than the thickness of the tibia.

Wing hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment longer than fifth; first vein bare, third hairy
nearly to crossvein.

Female. Front .276 of head (average of five, — •
.270, .272, .276, .278, .283), golden as in male, orbitals

218 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

and outer vertical present; ant acr somewhat stouter
than in male; but not very distinct; scutellars as in
male; fourth abdominal segment golden pollinose,
and mostly yellow in ground color; genital segment
almost concealed by the folding together of the sides
of the fourth segment.

Length 6-8 nmi.

Five males and five females; one male is from
Mayaguez, Porto Rico, collected by R. H. Van Zwa-
lenburg, April 15, 1914; another male from the same
place November 2, 1914, comes from some material
that was identified by Coquillett as Sarcopliaga iu-
certa Walk.; a third male from Nassau, Bahamas,
December 14, 1912 (F. Knab) ; a female from Miami,
Fla. (Mrs. C. H. T. Townsend). All the forego-
ing are in the National Museum. One male in the
American Museum of Natural History from
Naguabo, Porto Rico, March 7-9, 1914; one male and
four females from Havana, Cuba (C. F. Baker), in
my collection.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20547, U. S. N. M., from
Mayaguez.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20547, U. S. N. M.,
from Miami, Fla.

The name incerta Walk, has been used several
times in literature, but apparently not always for the
same species. The species so reported in Canadian
Entomologist, xxxiii, 43, as bred from cow-manure
in Virginia, and again in the same, xliv, 181, from
Dallas, Texas, may not have been the same one, as I
have seen none of this species from those regions.
For the same reason I doubt the occurrence at Me-
silla Park, N. M., recorded by Professor Cockerell
on Coquillett's identification. Johnson, Psyche, xv,
75, reports a species from the Bahamas as incerta
Walk., probably the present one. Banks describes
a larva from cow manure (Tech. Bull. 22, Bur. Ent.,
16, pi. iv, f. 75), probably not the present species.

The nearest allied species do not have any vil-
losity on the hind tibiae ; see list of them under assidua.

SAKCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 219

No. 104. Sarcophaga subdiscalis n. sp.

Male. Front .202 of head (one specimen) ;
parafrontals and parafacials gray pollinose, not sil-
very nor yellow; the latter with row of hairs which
are coarse and bristly; frontals about 14, abruptly
divergent below, reaching middle of second antennal
joint; ocellars large, outer verticals absent; antennae
black, third joint brown, twice the second, and reach-
ing almost three-fourths of the way to the vibrissas,
which are a little above the oral margin ; f acialia liairy
almost halfway up; arista long, plumose three-fifths
of its length; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary;
bucca almost half the eyeheight; beard black and
coarse except on metacephalon, where it is whitish;
back of head with about four quite irregular rows of
coarse black hairs, and some whitish in middle.

Thorax gray pollinose, with the usual 3 to 5
black stripes; all the bristles longer and stouter than
usual; ps dc 4, all of large size; ant dc 3, the front
one smaller ; ant acr 0 ; prsc 1 ; stpl 3 ; scutellum with
2 marginals, 1 smallish subapical, 1 larger apical.

Abdomen with changeable gray pollen and three
shifting blackish stripes, the fourth segment red apic-
ally (three-fourths its length in middle, one-fourth at
sides) ; first and second segments with only lateral
bristles, third with a large median marginal pair;
fourth unique in having the row of about 16 that is
marginal in other species considerably drawn in from
the hind edge across the middle of the dorsum (the
meson), so it stands at two-thirds the length of the
segment, approaching the hind margin gradually
toward the sides ; a row of long hairs fringes the hind
margin all the way across. Fifth sternite blackish,
V7shaped, with dense hairs along inner edge.

Hypopygium red, without bristles, first seg-
ment subshining, second globose, shining; forceps
brown nearly to tip, then black; they do not taper,
but are broad and then obliquely truncate with a
small tooth on the slightly produced front edge; ac-
cessory plate yellow, triangular; posterior clasper

220 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

blackish, with strongly hooked, sharp tip; anterior
clasper much the same, but more broadly curved;
penis with stout yellow basal joint, distal segment
l3lackish, wide and bulky, with a pair of flat black
widely separated arms or plates projecting forward
at tip from an apical part which is set off from the
back plate by a suture; another pair of more slender
processes arise with an ascending curve from the
front part near its base.

Legs black; middle femora with dense rows of
fine bristles on lower side near tip, both before and
behind; middle tibia not villous, with a single bristle
on outer front side; hind tibia with very long but
thin villosity projecting on the mesial side, almost
none on the outer.

Wing subhyaline; no costal spine; third costal
segment much longer than fifth and sixth combined
(1^ times by micrometer) ; first vein bare, third
hairy for some distance.

Length 12 mm.

One male, Angelsea, N. J., June 11, 1905 (Har-
beck ) .

Holotype.— Male, jVJ'o. 20548, U. S. N. M.

No. 105. Sarcophaga impar n. sp.

Male. Front .243 of head (average of five, —
.233, .237, .244, .245, .256), widening from above the
middle ; paraf rontals and paraf acials with distinct yel-
lowish cast, shining pollinose; frontal bristles about
8 or 9, the rows suddenly diverging below, reaching
below the middle of the second antennal joint; ocel-
lars stout; paraf acials with the usual row of small
hairs next the eye ; antennic brownish black, the third
joint twice the second and reaching three-fourths of
the way to the vibrissa, which are at the oral margin ;
arista plumose a little over half its length; palpi and
proboscis black, ordinary; bucca nearly one-third the
eyeheight ; back of head with three rows of black hairs
and considerable pale beard; outer vertical bristles
not developed.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 221

Thorax gray pollinose with shght yellowish
tinge; the usual three to five black stripes; ps dc
four, the anterior two small; ant acr three or four
pairs distinct ; prsc one smallish ; stpl three ; scutellmn
with two marginal, one small preapical and one small
apical.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with three
very indistinct changeable stripes. The first three
segments with only lateral bristles; fourth segment
reddish along the hind edge, with a marginal row of
about 12 bristles.

Hypopygium: First segment large and broad,
pollinose and somewhat tessellated above, with a row
of about 8 stout bristles ; the ground color varies from
yellow to dark brown; second segment red, globose,
slightly pollinose above, with erect black hairs but
no bristles. Forceps very characteristic in structure,
the free part black and polished, the front and back
edges parallel in profile, near the tip suddenly bent
almost at right angles and bearing at the angle be-
hind four or five stiff spines of different sizes as shown
in the figure ; accessory plate yellow^, the attached part
rather long and broad, the free part pointed. Pos-
terior clasper quite straight, shining brown, with a
slight bend forward at the tip ; anterior clasper slen-
der and strongly curved, shining black; penis with
rather slender reddish brown basal joint a little longer
than usual; distal segment with a small intermediate
subsegment of plain structure, separated off by an
evident suture; beyond this it divides into four prin-
cipal parts which are unsymmetrically arranged. On
the right side is a long brown widening plate with
edges turned down partially enclosing a stout black
process which ends in a curved sharp point project-
ing from under the plate. On the left side there is
a short shining brown simple process not much over
half as long as the one just described. Between these,
attached by a sort of joint that has the appearance of
a ball and socket, there is a long one-sided membrane
folded at sides but not enclosing any visible structure.

222 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

All the specimens agree exactly in this one-sided ar-
rangement which is unique in the genus as far as I
have seen. Fifth sternite yellow, narrowly excised,
the two sides close together for almost the whole
length, then diverging, near the point of divergence
with an indefinite black brush of short hairs.

Legs black ; middle femur with short comb below
near apex. Middle tibia not villous, with two bristles
on the outer front side; hind tibia with only a few
erect villous hairs on the inner and outer sides.

Wings hyaline, a distinct but not very large cos-
tal spine; third segment of costa as long as fifth and
sixth. First vein bare; third hairy almost to the
crossvein.

Length 8-10 mm.

Twenty-three males; fifteen from Mr. F. C.
Bishopp, collected at various points in Texas, and one
from Paul's Valley, Okla. ; three from Greenwood,
Miss. (C. F. Turner, No. E 96) ; one specimen from
12760) ; one Greensboro, Fla., reared from the large
lubber grasshopper, Dictyophorus reticulatus, by II.
!N". Wilson (Gainesville, No. 16587) ; one specimen
from Cameron, La., collected by Prof. Hine in 1903;
two specimens from Tifton, Ga., in the Hough col-
lection.

I have not so far been able to separate the females
of this species from those of rohusta coming in group
II. Some of the Texas material was collected in traps
baited with stale beer, and the lining membranes from
the intestines of animals, obtained from the slaughter
house where the intestines were made into sausage
casings. One lot was bred from beef refuse at Vic-
toria, Texas, by J. D. Mitchell. Mr. E. G. Kelly
reports that the Big Cabin specimen was reared from
pupas of Heliophila umpimeta, which were living when
placed in the cage.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20549, U. S. N. M., from
Galveston, Texas, collected about decaying fish on
the beach (Bishopp No. 3516).

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 223

No. 106. Sarcophaga sulculata n. sp.

Male. Easily recognizable among snecimens
that have not been spread by the peculiar shape of
the hypopygium which, as shown in the figure, ex-
tends forward underneath the al)ddmen, the divid-
ing line between the first and second segments being
horizontal.

Front wide, equally so from the vertex almost
to the antennas and .325 of head (average of five, —
.314, .318, .324, .333, .335) ; parafrontals gray; para
facials more silvery; frontal stripe wide and par-
tially covered with gray pollen; frontal bristles about
seven, the rows wide apart, nearly parallel down to
the last one or two bristles, which diverge rapidly
and extend a little below the base of the second an-
tennal joint; orbital bristles large; parafacials with a
delicate row of hairs; antenuce brown, second joint
rather yellowish; third twice the second and reaching
more than three-fourths of the way to the vibrissa?,
which are at the oral margin ; bucca one-third the eye-
height; back of head with about four or five rows of
black hairs and only a few pale ones around the neck
and just below it; palpi and proboscis black, ordi-
nary; outer vertical bristles distinctly developed.

Thorax gray pollinose, with five to seven black
stripes, the median one quite narrow; ps dc four, well
developed; ant acr two or three strong pairs; prsc
one ; stpl three ; scutellum with two marginal, one sub-
apical and no apicals.

Abdomen gray, tessellated, with three change-
able, indistinct dark stripes; first and second seg-
ments with only lateral bristles; third with some ap-
pressed marginal bristles or coarse hairs, but not with
characteristic erect marginals. Fourth segment
slightly red behind, Mqth a row of about ten bristles
and coarse hairs intermingled.

Hypopygium red; first segment large, blackish
at base, with a row of coarse liairs along the hind
edge; second segment red with coarse black recum-

224 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

bent hairs or small bristles. It extends far forward
under the abdomen, the anus near the extreme front
end, and from this back to the second segment it has
a distinct median groove which has susre^ested the spe-
cific name. Forceps minute, yellow, the free part
slender, bent back and convergent at apex, with more
or less of a knob on the outer side. As the forceps
are divergent near the base, they enclose an oval open-
ing when viewed from behind. Accessory plate yel-
low, lar^e, concave, rather oval or quadrangular, so
large that they conceal most of the inner organs, and
in making the drawing it was necessary to remove
the plate and indicate its position by a dotted line.
Posterior clasper yellow, very wide in profile, the
apex developed into two divergent points connected
by a membrane ; anterior claspers yellow, exceedingly
slender and delicate toward the tip, rather upright in
position. Penis with a very slender, yellow basal por-
tion, the distal part yellowish, developed backward
from the basal segment more than usual, with a black
spot on the side; without any visible processes or
plates except on the front side near the tip, where
there is a minute double row of recurved and appar-
ently branched spines. Fifth sternite very widely ex-
cised, the only part showing being rounded yellow
lobes on each side, tipped with black and clothed with
long hairs.

Legs black ; middle femur without comb ; middle
tibia with two long bristles on outer front side; hind
femur with well developed but rather short villosity.

Wings hyaline; no costal spine; third segment of
costa equaling the fifth. First vein bare ; third hairy
nearly to crossvein.

Female. Front .370 of head ; sides parallel nearly
to antenna, with usual orbital bristles. Back of head
as in male, but pale beard showing rather more dis-
tinctly; third segment of abdomen with well devel-
oped median marginal bristles and enough lateral
ones to form an interrupted row ; fourth segment red-
dish at tip. Genital segment red with roundish open-

SARCOrHAGA AND ALLIES 225

ing; no larvipositor developed. Otherwise as male.

Length 8-9 mm.

Six males and one female: One male from Ellis
County, Kansas, July 19, 1912; another fiom Gra-
ham County, Kansas, and a female from Russell
County, Kansas, all collected by Mr. F. X. Williams
and in the University of Kansas collection ; two males
from Barksdale, Texas, June 28, 1914 (Bishopp
3431) ; one male from Crystal City, Texas, July 31,
1914 (Bishopp 3345), D. C. Parman, collector; one
male from Belleville, Kansas, W. E. Pennina^ton, col-
lector (Webster No. 13510).

Holotyne.— Male, No. 20550, U. S. IST. M., from
Crystal Citv, Texas.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20550, U. S. N. M.,
from Kansas.

No. 107. Sarcophaga cooleyi Park.

Parker, Canad. Eiit.. xlvi, 417, i pi, 1914. — Montana.
Male (Paratvpe). General color rather lighter
gray than usual. Front .243 of head (average of
three, — .236, .245, .249) ; parafrontals and parafacials
silvery pollinose, with slight yellowish tinge; frontal
stripe not very well defined above; ocellars distinct,
outer vertical absent ; f rontals about 9, the lower ones
moderately divergent, not reaching the middle of the
second antenna! joint; parafacials with double or
irregular row of hairs, the lower bristly; antennae
black, third joint nearly three times the second and
reaching four-fifths of the way to the vibrisscT, which
are at the oral margin; arista plumose a little more
than half its length ; palpi and proboscis black ; ordi-
nary; bucca half the eyeheight, with black beard as
far back as the metacephalic suture, behind which the
hairs are w^hite and conspicuous; back of head with
two rows of black hairs, the rest inside white.

Thorax gray-pollinose, with three to five black
stripes; the submedian gray stripes divided far be-
yond the suture; ps dc four or even five, only the two
hindmost large ; stpl 3 ; ant acr hardly distinguishable

226 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

from hairs; prsc 1; scutellum with 2 marginals, 1
smaUish subapical, 1 smalhsh apical.

Abdomen densely gray-poUinose, tessellated,
with three blackish stripes, the outer shifting; first
three segments with only lateral bristles; fourth with
a marginal row of 16 or more; its hind ed^e g-enerally
a little red; fifth sternite black, with sharp, protub-
erant base and dense brushes beyond the fork, which
shade off long-er on inner edge.

Hypopygium red, subshining, first segment of
good size, with a row of bristles behind; second large,
globose, not bristly ; forceps long, black except basal-
ly, tapering, rather straight and divergent, near tip
turned rather strongly forward, ending in a sharp
point ; accessory plate yellow, triangular witli the cor-
ners rounded ; the side next the forceps concave ; pos-
terior clasper black, stout at base and with a stout hair
arising on the front side there, the tip sharp and bent
forward ; anterior clasper yellow, long and low, nearly
straight apically; penis with yellow basal segment,
the distal one blackish, wide and compact ; on its hind
side near the tip arise a pair of yellowish processes
which extend over the end and diverge from each
other; out of the middle of the segment arise sub-
apically two very black, large lobes; the back plate
embraces these and gives off at the extreme lateral
angle a sharp black point.

Legs black; middle femur with comb on hind
side below near tip; middle tibia hairy but not vil-
lous, and with two bristles on outer front side; hind
tibiae with very long and rather dense villosity, spread-
ing both ways.

Wing hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment longer than fifth and sixth together; first vein
bare, third a little hairy near base.

Female. Color light gray, densely pollinose.
Front .391 of head (average of five,— .376, .382, .385,
.388, .432) ; with the usual two orbitals and outer ver-
ticals; frontal stripe not distinct above; stpl regu-
larly four, occasionally one is small; no apicals on

SAECOPHAGA AND ALLIES 227

scutelluin; genital segment yellow, with vertical slit
bearing heavy bristles above ; row of bristles on fourth
abdominal segment interrupted in the middle ; middle
femur without comb ; hind tibiae not villous.

Length 10 to 14 mm.

Six males and six females: Four males and six
females, including a paratype of each, from Laurel,
Mont. (Parker) ; one male in the Hough collection
from Pullman, Wash. (R. W. Doane), and another
from Colorado (Experiment Station 2044).

Mr. Parker reports rearing tlie species in num-
bers from decaying fish; he also found the adults "in
privies and common around garbage, especially if the
latter contained fish."

Type. — Male, in Massacliusetts Agricultural
College.

Paratypes — In U. S. N. M., deposited bj^ Mr.
Parker.

No. 108. Sarcophaga tuberosa var.
sarracenioides n. var.

Howard, Insect Book, 1902, 165, fig. ; Proc. Wash. Acad.
Sci., ii, 565, fig., bred from human excrement (sarra-
ceniae Riley).
Morgan, Bull. 30, n. ser., Div. Entom., 1901, 25, figs, larva
and adult (id.). — Miss.: bred from Melanoplus dif-
ferentialis.
Williston, Manual, 1908, 348, fig. (id.).
Herms, Jour. Exper. Zool., iv, 45-83, biol., breeds in dead

fish on the shore of Lake Erie (id.).
Banks, Tech. Bull. 22, Bur. Ent., 17, larva desc, but iden-
tity somewhat doubtful (id.).
Kelly, Jour. Agric. Research, ii, 441, bred from grasshop-
pers at Wellington, Kans., and Washington, D.
C. (id.).
Aldrich, Jour. Econ. Ent., viii, 242, notes (id.)
Male. Front wide, .230 of head (average of
five,— .223, .223, .228, .238, .238) ; front of head and
the posterior orbits light yellow pollinose, the facialia
however blackish below; frontals about 10, suddenly
diverging below and reaching fully to middle of sec-
ond antennal joint; ocellars small but distinct; para-

228 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

facials with the usual row of hairs, the lower quite
long; antennae black, the third joint l^/^ times the
second, reaching hardly three-fourths of the distance
to the vibrissa, which are at the oral margin; arista
plmnose for three-tifths its length; palpi and pro-
boscis black, ordinary; back of head with three rows
of black hairs and considerable whitish beard, which
however is sharply limited anteriorly on the bucca by
the metacephalic suture; outer vertical absent.

Thorax gray pollinose, with the usual three to
five black stripes, the submedian stripes divided to the
suture •,. ps dc 4 ; ant acr wanting or quite small ; prsc
1 pair; stpl 3; scutellum with 2 marginal pairs and
one discal.

Abdomen gray, tessellated ; first and second seg-
ments with only lateral bristles; third with a median
marginal pair and four laterals; fourth largely red
(usually the posterior half or more), which extends
to the lower side; it bears a marginal row of about
14 bristles, and on the under side the ends of the ter-
gite bear dense, long hair.

Hypopygium red; first segment of medium size,
pollinose above, generally without bristles on hind
edge, but occasionally with small ones; second seg-
ment red, shining, globose, without bristles; forceps
black, not very large, gently curved forward, in pro-
file the front and back edges nearly parallel, at the
tip the front edge is excised, leaving a tooth on the
hind edge ; the attached part of the forceps is covered
with dense, black hair. Accessory plate yellow, tri-
angular ; posterior clasper black, unusually stout, with
a sharp tip curved forward; anterior clasper black,
rather slender, with sharp tip; nenis largely blackish;
basal segment rather short, distal one small on basal
part, with a wide, rather thick middle, from which on
the front side projects a concave, partly pale trans-
verse plate; at the tip behind is a sharp point, from
each side of which at its base arises a long slender
process directed forward. Between these arms and
out of a central apical cavity arise two slender proc-

SAECOPHAGA AND ALLIES 229

esses projecting almost straight out of the apex, which
have one edge flattened and toothed. The four slen-
der processes, with the sharp tip of the distal seg-
ment, are very characteristic. Fifth sternite reddish-
brown, its basal ridge very shining, the excision wide
at bottom with the sides bearing brushes of stiff spines,
part of which are rather long.

Legs black; middle femur with a rather loose
comb of spines on lower hind side near tip; middle
tibia not villous, with two bristles on outer front side;
hind femur with well-developed lower row of bristles
on outer side; hind tibia with rather dense villosity
spreading both ways.

Wings hyaline ; no costal spine ; third costal seg-
ment as long as fifth and sixth togetlier; first vein
bare, third bristly about halfway to crossvein.

Female. Front .334 of head (average of five, —
.318, .322, .328, .339, .363) ; orbitals and outer verti-
cals present ; lower hairs of paraf acials bristly ; bucca
almost half the eyeheight, with coarse black hairs be-
fore the metacephalic suture, whitish behind it ; scutel-
lum without apicals. Genital segment reddish-yellow,
with almost triangular orifice which is fringed with a
few small bristles above. The most chraacteristic
features of the female appear to be 4 dc, three rows
of black hairs behind the eye, minute or nc ant acr,
and fourth abdominal segment largely red toward
apex. It seems not to differ from that of titilis.

Length 8 to 13 mm.

Nearly two hundred specimens have been exam-
ined, many with rearing records; helicis is the only
species rivaling this one in the number of times it has
been reared. As there appears to be incontrovertible
evidence that this species in its larval habits runs the
entire gamut from scavenger to parasite, some space
and care have been taken to group the rearings.

230 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

A. From Grasshoppers.

29 both sexes, WeUinffton, Kansas (E. G. Kelly,
W 7398,, Expt 2225, 2227) ; in this case dead grass-
hoppers were collected and placed in cage.

1 male, 1 female, AVellington, Kans. (E. G.
Kellv, W. 7319, Expt 2228) ; like the preceding.

1 female, Wellington, Kans. (E. G. Kelly, W
8281, Expt 2250) ; live grasshoppers placed in cage.

3 males, 4 females, Ashland, Nebr. (W. E. Pen-
nington, W 13524, Cage A791 ; adults of melanoplus
diifereniialis, alive when they were placed in the cage
at Wellington.

2 females, Chickasha, Okla. (E. G. Kelly, W
14449, Expt A1920) ; adults and nymphs of grass-
hoppers all alive when placed in cage. The females
of the fly were attacking the grasshoppers when col-
lected, swarming about them, dashing at the flying
grasshoppers and depositing their larvae in flight, at
the same time knocking the grasshopper to the
ground.

1 male, 1 female, Washington Experiment Sta-
tion, No. 73; dead grasshoppers clinging to weeds
were collected at Wawawai, Wash., by C. V, Piper, in
August, 1897, from which these flies issued.

3 males, Wilder, Idaho, reared from grasshopper
by T. H. Parks.

B. From Anabrus (the Western Cricket).

1 male, Okanogan Valley, B. C, "ex Anabrus,
emerged April, 1896. Jas. Fletcher."

C. From Heliophila unipuncta.

2 females, Big Cabin, Okla. (W. E. Penning-
ton, W 12760, Cage A653) ; the pupa were collected
and placed in cage, all living at the time.

3 females, Muskogee, Okla. (E. G. Kelly, W
12713, Expt A648) ; pup^e of the moth, dead when
received at laboratory.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 231

D. From Chorizagrotis agrestis.
13 males, 10 females, Wellington, Kansas (E.
G. Kelly, W 5431, cage 1520) ; pup^e of the moth
were collected under shocks of alfalfa, believed alive
when caged.

E. From Lachnosterna.

1 male, 2 females, no locality (Expt A1529), "ovi-
positing on Lachnosterna."

1 male, Wellington, Kans. (E. G. Kelly, W 4450,
cage 1397) ; adults of Lachnosterna calceata collect-
ed at light May 16, 1911; placed in cage alive; flies
emerged June 14.

1 male, WeUington, Kans. (E. G. Kelly, W
7393, Expt A680) ; adults of Lachnosterna lanceo-
lata collected in the field, caged while living, June 12,
1914; flies emerged July 20, 1914.

F. From Eleodes tricostata.

2 females, Chickasha, Okla. (E. G. Kelly, W
12760, Expt A1915) ; the beetles were alive when
taken (adults), and did not die for some time after-
ward.

G. From Allorhina nitida.
2 males, Norfolk, Va., reared by D. E. Fink.

H. Bred from Carrion.

66 males and females, Texas (Bishopp) ; "sev-
eral lots bred from carcases; Bishopp 4365 was bred
from decaying meat."

I am under obligation to Messrs. Kellv and Bish-
opp for data given. Other specimens examined are
as follows:

Colorado, 2 males in Hough collection from the
Colorado Experiment Station, Nos. 1965 and 2082;
Moscow, Ida., 1 male (Aldrich) ; Tempe, Ariz., 1
male, 1 female (F. H. Gates, Tempe 381); Gila
Biver, Ariz., 1 male (R. N. Wilson, W 10535) ;
Michigan City, Ind., 1 male, on dead fish on beach of
Lake Michigan; La Fayette, Ind., 1 male (Aldrich) ;

232 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Washington, D. C. (W. 9573), adult collected, not
reared; Wenonah, N. J., 1 male; Manyunk, Pa., 2
males (Harbeck).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20551, U. S. N. M., La
Fayette, Ind., July 11, 1914.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20551, U. S. N. M.,-
Wellington, Kans., Webster No. 7398, Experiment
No. 2225.

No. 109. Sarcophaga tuberosa var,
exuberans Pand.

Pandelle, Rev. ent., xv, i86. — Europe.
Bottcher, Deutsche Ent. Zeitsch., 1912, 735 (as var. of
tuberosa Pand.).
Male. Differs from sarracenioides chiefly in the
male genitalia, most noticeably in having the first
segment of the hypopj^gium shining black. Other
characters are slight; the forceps are more uniformly
tapering, but said by Becker to be variable ; the proc-
esses arising out of the apical cavity of the penis are
more slender, filiform, not flattened and toothed on
one side.

Four males, three from New Bedford, Mass.
(Hough collection), the other from Palo Alto, Cal.,
in my collection. The width of the front is .197, .211,
.220, and .240 of head, averaginsr .217. A corre-
sponding female form with black genital segment
might be expected, but would be hard to separate
from the variety liarpaoc; I have not seen such fe-
males.

Bottcher grouped the three forms tuberosa, har-
pax and eosuherans as follows:

1. Both segments of hypopygium black.

Antenna reaching below lowest edge of eyes,
the third joint twice as long as the second;
forceps with parallel front and back edges
in profile, and an apical tooth at or behind
middle Jiarpaw Pand.

Antennge shorter, third joint 1^/2 times as
long as second; forceps slender

tuberosa Pand.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 233

2. Second segment of hypopygium red ; forceps
slender ewubcraris Pand.

To complete this grouping for North America
it would be necessary to add a third alternative:

3. Both segments of hypopygium red; forceps

parallel-edged sarraceiiioides n. var.

Tuberosa is not known as North American.

No. 110. Sarcophag-a bullata Park.

Parker, Canad. Ent., xlviii, 359, 1916, fig. — Widespread.

Felt, 28th Rept. N. Y. State Ent., 1913, 80-82, figs.
{georgina Wied. ; corrected, 31st Rept., 100. — bred
from carrion in New York.

Weiss, Ent. News, xxvii, 166, 19 16, oc. in N. J.
Male. Front wide, .248 of head (average of five,
— .233, .234, .252, .2.54, .265 ) , narrowest a little below
the ocelli; parafacials and parafrontals silvery polli-
nose, with a slight yellowish tinge; the former with
irregularly arranged hairs, the lower bristly; frontal
stripe brown, wide; frontals 12, abruptly diverging
below, reaching beyond the middle of the second an-
tennal joint; ocellars distinct, no outer vertical; an-
tennse reddish-brown to black, the third joint about
2^2 times the second, and reaching three-fourths of
the way to oral margin; arista long, plumose over
halfway; palpi brown to black; proboscis black, or-
dinary; bucca nearly half the eyeheight, the hairs
rather fine, black anteriorly, but the whitish beard of
the metacephalon extends well forward of the suture,
blending with the black; back of head with two rows
o'f black hairs, and more or less of a third above.

Thorax gray poUinose, with the usual three to
five black stripes, the submedian gray stripes divided
to the suture and beyond; ps dc 4 or more, only the
hindmost two of any size; ant acr 0; prsc 1; stpl 3,
the intermediate large ; scutellum with two marginals,
one large subapical, one large apical.

Abdomen gray, tessellated, with a slender
median black stripe; first and second segments with
only lateral bristles ; third wi\h a stout median pair of
marginals; fourth with red hind edge and marginal

234 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

row of 12. Fifth sternite as in cooleyi, its basal part
black and rather sharply prominent, the arms with
heavy black brushes, of which the innermost bristles
are less stubby and longer.

Hypopygium red; first segment rather large,
subshining, with a varying generally weak row of
hairs across apical part ; second segment globose, shin-
ing, without bristles; forceps stout, brown at base,
becoming black, tapering and curving forward to a
sharp point; accessory plate yellow, smallish, the
free part rather slender but not fingerlike; posterior
clasper small, brown, slender, the tip sharp and bent
forward, a stout hair arising from the basal front
side ; anterior clasper brown, polished, low, not hooked
at tip. Penis with yellow basal segment, the distal
one very wide and compact, ])lunt in profile; viewed
diagonally there are a pair of curved black horns at
the outer apical angles ; on the front side of the mid-
dle are a pair of lobes bearing teeth; the black back
plate has a pair of bubble-like thin whitish areas which
are conspicuous.

Legs black; middle femur with comb; middle
tibia not villous, with three bristles on outer side; hind
tibia with very long and rather dense villosity spread-
ing both ways.

Wings hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment longer than fifth and sixth together; first vein
bare, third hairy for some distance.

Female. Front .304 of head (average of five, —
.276, .290, .295, .320, .340) ; orbitals and outer vertical
present; beard as in male; no apicals on scutellum;
genital segment reddish yellow, with vertical slit
guarded by strong bristles above.

Length 7% to 15 mm.

Fifty-one males, fourteen females. One pair
taken in copulation and on same pin, were collected
at Lakeland, Fla., by Geo. G. Ainslie (National
Museum). The rest of the material is from Massa-
chusetts (New Bedford, Melrose Highlands, North
Saugus, North Andover) ; New York (Cold Springs

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 235

Harbor) ; New Jersey (Manahawkin, New Bruns-
wick and Westville) ; Pennsylvania (Germantown) ;
Ohio (Newark and Columbus) ; Indiana (LaFayette,
Elkhart, Michigan City and Evansville) ; Colorado
(Experiment Station 1632) ; Virginia (Virginia
Beach) ; Florida (Miami, Biscayne Bay, Charlotte
Harbor) ; Georgia (Tifton) ; and Texas (Dallas and
Victoria).

The Michigan City specimens were captured on
dead fish on the beach of Lake Michigan.

The female is much like that of sarracenioides
and utiliSj but can be distinguished by the beard, as
described.

Holotype and allotype. — Male and female, in
the Massachusetts Agricultural College; paratypes.
No. 19167, U. S. N. M., and in several other collec-
tions.

No. 111. Sarcophaga libera n. sp.

Male. Like hullata, but differing as follows :
Front .209 of head; sides of front and face not
with yellow tinge; third antennal joint a little over
twice the second, reaching less than three-fourths of
the way to the vibrissas, which are at the oral margin ;
bucca about one-third the eyeheight, with no pale
beard before the metacephalic suture; back of head
with the third row of black hairs very irregular, but
more developed than in hullata; forceps hardly diver-
gent; posterior claspers reddish; distal segment of
penis not blunt, but continued on in the form of two
pairs of processes, the dorsal yellow and slender, the
others black, wide apart at base and approximated
at tip ; these processes are about as long as the body of
the segment ; hind tibiae only moderately villous ; mid-
dle with two bristles on outer front side.

Female. Like the male except as follows : Front
.274 of head; the usual orbitals and outer vertical

236 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

present; genital segment red, with slitlike aperture
gu{ rded by moderate bristles ; middle femur without
comb; middle tibia with three bristles on outer front
side.

Length of male 15 mm; of female 9 mm.

One pair on same pin, taken by Prof. S, J. Hun-
ter on Beaver Creek, Mont., altitude 6800 feet, Au-
gust 1913. In University of Kansas collection.

Holotype — Male, in University of Kansas.

Group G.
Four ps dc, of which the foremost one or two
may be small; hind tibiae without villosity in male;
both segments of hypopygium black (but this last is
not constant in rilyei, jonesi and celarata).

Table of Species — Males.

1. First vein hairy (widespread)

No. 112. salva n. sp.
First vein bare 2

2. Middle femur with well-developed comb below 3
Middle femur not with comb 5

3. Penis with a large concavity on the front side, in

which no copulatory tube is visible (S. C)

No. 113. rileyi n. sp.
Penis with very distinct copulatory tube project-
ing forward from the front side near tip 4

4. Accessory plate long but flat, not diverging later-

ally (S. C, Ga.) No. 114. jonesi n. sp.

Accessory plate very long, the distal part round,

slender, brown, strongly diverging laterally

(when viewed from behind especially) (Ala.)

No. 115. celarata n. sp.

5. Bucca with abundant pale beard before the meta-

cephalic suture ( Ind. ) No. 116. servilis n. s-p.
Bucca not with pale beard before the suture 6

6. Parafrontals and parafacials gray; facialia

(facial ridges) hairy much less than halfway
(Guatemala)

No. 14. Notochceta suhpolita n. sp.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 237

Paraf rentals and parafacials golden; facialia
hairy much more than half-way (Mexico,
(Guatemala)

No. 1.5. Notochccta plumigera V. d. W.

No. 112. Sarcophaga salva n. sp.

Male. Front .191 of head (average of five, —
.178, .186, .193, .194, .202) ; parafrontals and para-
facials silvery pollinose, the latter with a row of small
hairs close to the eye; frontal stripe black; frontal
bristles about 11, rather broadly divergent below,
reaching almost to the middle of the second antennal
joint; ocellars present, outer vertical absent; anten-
nae black, the base of the third antennal joint dis-
tinctly red, this joint only about a third longer than
the second (which is unusually long), reaching three-
fourths of the way to the vibrisste, which are at the
oral margin; arista short-plumose for barely half its
length; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary; bucca
one-fifth the eyeheight ; back of head with three rows
of coarse black hair, the white hair below not extend-
ing forward of the metacephalic suture.

Thorax cinereous pollinose, with three black
stripes, the usual outer short stripes (making five)
are indistinct; ps dc 4; ant acr 0; prsc 0 or minute;
stpl usually 2; scutellum with 2 marginal, a minute
subapical, no apical.

Abdomen gray, strongly tessellated; first and
second segments with only lateral bristles; third with
a median marginal pair and two laterals ; fourth with
a row of eight which are submarginal, in the middle
they are at the last fourth of the segment; fifth ster-
nite yellowish-brown, in the base of the incision lined
with a brush each side and not spreading, then sud-
denly wider and bare, moderately diverging.

Hypopygium small ; first segment black, opaque,
without bristles; second black, the sides reddish to
some extent, without bristles, normally opaque but
easily denuded; forceps reddish-brown, at base with
rather striking recurved hair which curls up over the

238 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

hypopygium; the free part bends back at an angle,
then curves gradually forward to a rather blunt
point; at the basal part of the curve behind there is a
small hump, increased in appearance by dense, short,
erect hairs; accessory plate very small, rounded at
tip, with almost no free part; posterior clasper black,
stout, much curved, with hooked tip ; anterior clasper
small, slender, black, resting up against the front side
of the posterior; penis black; basal joint impercepti-
ble, distal one widening towards apex, where it ends
in an oblique funnel with a white margin; from each
side of the segment arises a hea\^ black simple arm,
which projects outward, forward, and toward the
base ; from near tlie base in front arises an erect slen-
der transverse black plate, recurA^^ed and divided at
tip ; back of distal segment sharp and keel-like toward
the tip.

I^egs black; middle femur with pronounced
comb; middle tibia with two bristles on outer front
side ; hind tibia not villous.

Wings hyaline; costal spine as long as anterior
crossvein; third costal segment only about two-thirds
the fifth; first and third veins hairy.

Female. Front narrowest at vertex, where it is
.271 of head (average of five,— .258, .265, .272, .279,
.282) ; abdomen flat, wide; fourth segment with sub-
marginal bristles as in male ; genital segment yellow,
the aperture slitlike, with only a few bristles; hind
femur without comb.

Length 6% to 8I/2 mm.

Twenty-one males and six females; three males
are from La Fayette, Ind., June(Aldrich) ; one male,
one female, Evansville, Ind., swept on winter wheat
May 7, 1914 (Aldricli) ; twelve males, three females,
Opelousas, La., in the Hough collection; two males,
Crowley, La., in Professor Hine's collection; one
male Nebraska and one female Algonquin, 111.
(Hough coll.) ; one female Vinton, O. (Hine) ; one
male San Augustine, Tex.; one male Attica, Ind.,
October 7, 1916 (Aldrich).

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 239

There is some difference in the length of the plu-
mosity of the arista; in occasional specimens it is not
very much shorter than in many other Sarcophagas.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20553.. U. S. N. M., from
La Fayette, Ind.

Allotype.— Female, No 20553, U. S. N. M.,
from Evansville, Ind.

No. 113, Sarcophaga rileyi n. sp.

Male. Front .229 of head (average of five, —
.212, .212, .234, .236, .253) ; parafrontals and para-
facials silvery with a tinge of yellow; frontal stripe
reddish, rather narrow, not sharply defined above.
Parafacials with the usual row of hairs, ratlier large
below; antennse brown or reddish brown; third joint
twice as long as second, reaching four-fifth of the way
to the vibrissfe, which are at the oral margin. Arista
plumose a little over halfway; frontal bristles about
ten, several pairs reclinate, gradually diverging,
reaching to the middle of the second antennal joint.
Ocellar bristles present; outer verticals absent; palpi
and proboscis black; bucca one-third the eyeheight,
with black hairs to metacephalic suture. Back of
head with three to four rows of black hairs, a few
whitish ones in the middle and below.

Thorax gray pollinose, with the usual three to
five black stripes; the submedian gray stripes are
divided to the suture; ps dc four; ant acr none; prsc
one; stpl three; scutellum with two marginals, one
preapical and one small apical.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with
median black stripe; first and second segments with
only lateral bristles ; third with a pair of erect median
marginals and two laterals; fourth with a median
marginal row of about 14; fifth sternite brown, not
divaricate, the two sides touching each other to their
tip the same as in peltata, and ending in a rather sharp
point.

Hypopygium black, reddish in middle and be-
hind, sometimes quite largely so; first segment polli-

240 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

nose, with a row of small bristles behind; second
rounded, shining, not bristly ; forceps blackish, rather
straight, flat and bare, thin in profile, turned forward
to a sharp point at tip. Viewed from behind they
are slender, diverging slightly at the base and nearly
parallel the remainder of the way, turning in a little
at the tip. Accessory plate brown, short, the free
part rounded and slightly set off from its base by a
constriction; posterior clasper black, tapering and
curved forward, rather sharp; anterior clasper very
wide and flat, brown or black, concave on posterior
side, with a small curved point at the outer edge;
penis brown, basal segment shortened, inconspicuous ;
distal one convex, smooth and shining on its posterior
and lateral surface, in shape much resembling a ven-
tilating funnel on a steamship ; front with a deep cen-
tral concavity, on the basal side of which is a trans-
verse concave brown plate; laterally this concavity is
bounded by a sharp longitudinal ridge ; apically there
is a large spreading pair of soft, light-colored lobes,
delicately covered with hair on the front side; these
folds or flaps are the most conspicuous features of
the organ, projecting beyond the harder parts.

Legs black; middle femur with a distinct comb
on the hind side near the tip; middle tibia with two
bristles on the outer front side; hind tibia not villous.

Wings hyaline ; no costal spine ; third costal seg-
ment rather longer than the fifth; first vein bare;
third hairy nearly to the crossvein.

Female. Front .289 of head, with the usual or-
bitals and outer verticals; scutellum without apicals;
genital segments blackish; the fifth tergite forming
a broad crescent which is pollinose throughout and
sometimes reddish. The fifth sternite is deeply
notched in its middle, the two projecting lateral lobes
black and polished. Middle femur without comb.

Length 7-10 mm.

Seven males and one female, a part of the mate-
rial described by Rilev as Sarcophaga saiTacenice,
bearing labels "Collection C. V. Riley," "342x," and

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 241

"July 15, '74." Locality given in Riley's paper is
South Carolina. Reared from cups of Sarracenia
variolaris.

Eight males, Summerville, S. C, reared by F.
M. Jones from cups of Sarracenia minor and flava;
emergence of adults was from July 27 to August 9,
1915. Eleven females reared in the same way prob-
ably include some of Sarcophaga jonesi.

Two males, Theodore, Ala., reared by F. M.
Jones from cups of Sarracenia drummondi, June 23,
1916.

Holotype.— Male, U. S. N. M. No. 20554, from
Summerville, S. C, reared August 9, 1915, from
Sarracenia minor.

Allotype.— Female, U. S. N. M. No. 20554,
from the Riley collection and bearing the labels noted
above.

It was probably a mere chance that the holotype
label of sarracenice was attached to the other species
in the National Museum, as this was the more abund-
ant one. The original Riley material also contained
specimens of S. jo7iesi, or three species in all.

See notes on species reared from Sarracenia, with
table, under S. sarracenice.

No. 114. Sarcophaga jonesi n. sp.

Male. Indistinguishable from the male of rileyi
except by the genitalia, which show decided and con-
stant characters. As in rileyij, the second segment
of the hypopygimu varies from black to reddish-
brown.

Forceps in profile rather slender, hollowed be-
hind on basal half,, tlien after a slight Immp curving
smoothly to a sharp tip, with dense, short hair from
hump to tip ; from behind they are broad and shining
at base and slightly concave nearly Iialfway, con-
tiguous to about the middle, then widening in a nar-
row V, the outer edges of the arms curving inward
to the sharp tips. Accessory plate brown, the distal
part flat and straight; posterior clasper slender,
black, curved, with slightly hooked tip; anterior

242 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

clasper black, low and wide, with a low groove on the
hind side, the tip rather squarely truncate ; penis dark
brown, with indistinct basal segment; the distal one
curves rather strongly forward and bears a distinct
transverse flap at tip, the broad margin of which is
thin and almost transparent, or whitish ; a stout black
copulatory tube bordered with whitish stands out con-
spicuously on the front side toward the end, and
basad of this a rather wide transverse plate projects
toward the base of the organ. The two contiguous
lobes of the incised fifth sternite, instead of being
sharp as in rileyi, are rounded and curved ventrad
at tip in profile.

Female. Apparently not distinguishable from
that of rileyi; see note under that species.

Seven males, Summerville, S. C, reared from
Sarracenia minor and flava by F. M. Jones, July 15
to August 8, 1915.

Three males, from the Riley collection (U. S.
N. M.), No. 342x, one dated July 6, 1874; these are
a part of the material named Sarcophaga sarracenice
by Riley.

One male, Tifton, Ga. (Hough collection).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20564, U. S. N. M., from
Summerville, S. C, reared July 15 from cups of
Sarracenia minor.

No. 115. Sarcophaga celarata n. sp.

Male. Like rileyi and jonesi except in the gen-
italia.

Forceps black, slender, not with hump behind
except at extreme base next to anus, rather strongly
bent forward to a sharp tip, and fringed with black
hairs on the entire length behind except at extreme
tip; from behind, the forceps diverge in a narrow V
from the base, the outer edges distinctly drawing in
to the sharp tips. Accessory plate brown, shining,
the free part fingerlike and curving outward, set off
by a lateral indentation from the attached part. Pos-
terior clasper black, rather short and sharp, but little
curved. Anterior clasper black, shining, low and

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 243

wide, deeply hollowed behind toward the irregularly
truncate apex. Penis shining black, in side view very
slender basally, not visibly divided into two segments ;
the apical part bears a wide transverse membrane,
pale on the outer part, where it is also fringed with
delicate pale hair ; a very stout black copulatory tube
projects from the front side of the penis near the tip;
basad of this a heavy concave black plate with mi-
nutely serrated edges projects dorsad at a noticeable
angle from the stalk of the penis. Fifth sternite as
in j one si.

Female. Not distinguishable from that of rileyi
and jonesi.

Seven males, Theodore, Ala., reared by F. M.
Jones from cups of Sarracenia drummondi, June 4
to 22, 1916.

Four females in same lot are probably the same,
but the lot contained two males of jonesi; these fe-
males are not distinguishable from the lot reared by
Mr. Jones at Summerville, S. C, mentioned under
rileyi.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20,555, U. S. N. M.,
reared June 9, 1916.

No. 116. Sarcophaga servilis n. sp.

Male. Front .164 of head (one specimen) ; mid-
dle stripe black, well-defined and rather wide; para-
frontals and parafacials narrow, covered with gray
pollen which has a slight brassy cast; f rentals about
12, moderately diverging below and reaching to the
middle of the second antennal joint; parafacials with
the usual row of hairs; antennae black, third joint 2l^
times the second and reaching four-fifths of the way
to the vibrissse, which are at the oral margin; arista
plumose about half its length; proboscis and palpi
black, ordinary; bucca one-fourth the eyeheight; fa-
cialia black below; back of head with three rows of
black hairs above, dwindling to one next the lower
edge of the eye; white hairs abundant and extending

244 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

well forward on the bucca; ocellars present, outer
vertical absent.

Thorax with gray pollen and the usual three to
five black stripes; ps dc 4, the anterior two smaller
but of fair size; ant dc 2 larger; ant acr rather long
but hairlike, not really differentiated; prsc smallish;
stpl three on one side and four on the other in the
single specimen; scutellum with the usual two mar-
ginals, one small preapical and one small apical, and
in addition with a small pair before the second mar-
ginals.

Abdomen gray pollinose with median black
stripe and a pair of shifting lateral ones; first and
second segments with only lateral bristles ; third seg-
ment with a strong erect pair of median marginals
and three laterals; fourth segment with row of 12 or
14 marginals.

Hypopygium black; first segment pollinose,
rather large and curved downward, with a row of
small bristles behind; second segment moderately
large, globose, sub-pollinose, with erect hairs ; forceps
black, slender, the tips broken off in the only speci-
men; accessory plates very large, brown, triangular,
with the sides a little curved; they are not separated
from the body of the second segment by a membrane
in the usual way, but connect closely. Claspers black-
ish, slender, not much cur^^ed, the anterior ones with
a row of hairs on the back; penis very slender and
long, the basal segment yellow ; distal segment brown,
rather compact in shape, with no noticeable external
parts except a recurved lobe or hook in front. Fifth
sternite inconspicuous, deeply excised and V-shaped,
not with brushes or stout bristles.

Legs black; middle femur not with comb; mid-
dle tibia with one bristle on the outer front side ; hind
tibia not at all villous.

Wing hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment longer than fifth; first vein bare, third with
coarse hairs nearly to crossvein.

Length 7l^ mm.

SAKCOPHAGA AND ALIJES 245

One male, La Fayette, Ind., Oct. 13, 1914, col-
lected by the writer.

Holotype.— No. 20556, U. S. N. M.

Group H.
Four ps dc, of which the foremost ones are some-
times small; hind tibia? of male not villous; at least
the second segment of the hypopygium red.

1. First vein hairy 26

First vein bare 2

2. Epaulet largely yellow; frontals not or but

little divergent anteriorly; scutellum witli-
out a pair of small apical bristles in male

(Ravinia in part) 3

Epaulet black 7

3. Palpi and legs yellow (Florida)

No. 117. floridensis n. sp.
Palpi and legs black 4

4. Front about as wide as one eye 5

Front about half as wide as one eye, evi-
dently narrowed below the ocelli 6

5. Yellowish pollinose, the frontal stripe of the

same color as the parafrontals or nearly

so (Kansas, New Mexico, South Dakota)

No. 118. planifrons n. sp.

Gray pollinose, frontal stripe blackish

(Georgia, Louisiana, Alabama)

No. 119. peciinata n. sp.

6. Parafrontals and parafacials gray pollinose;

first segment of hypopygium black (very
common north)

No. 120. communis Parker.
Parafrontals and parafacials yellow polli-
nose; first segment of hypopygium red
(very common south)
No. 121. communis var. oclwacea n. var.

7. Vibrissfe high above oral margin (as far

above as the length of the second anten-
nal joint) and noticeably approximated to
each other (Emblemasoma n. g.) 8

246 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Vibrissee not farther above the oral margin
than half the length of the second antennal
joint, generally not unusually approxi-
mated 9

8. Palpi, femora and tibia red (Georgia)

No. 17. Emhlemasoma faciale n. sp.
Palpi, femora and tibise black ( Kansas, New
Jersey, Brazil)

No. 16. Emhlemaso7na erro n. sp.

9. Palpi yellow or red 10

Palpi black, at most (in rileyi) the tips yellow 12

10. Legs yellow, the front ones sometimes in-

fuscated (Georgia, Alabama; Group F)
No. 85. deceptiva n. sp.
Legs black 11

11. Pale hairs of beard not extending forward

of the metacephalic suture (Indiana,
Virginia) No. 122. flavipalpis n. sp.
Pale hairs of beard conspicuous in front of
suture (Florida, Georgia, Texas)

No. 123. hishoppi n. sp.

12. With one or two pairs of strong erect an-

terior acrostichals, several times as large
as adjacent hairs; ant dc also large and

erect 13

Ant acr either undifferentiated or but little
larger than adjacent hairs 14

13. Hind tibia only half as long as its femur and

bent almost at a right angle at base, clos-
ing against a prominent tubercle on the
greatly thickened femur (New Mexico)

No. 124. iiicurva n. sp.

Hind tibia about two-thirds as long as its
femur but of normal form, the femur mod-
erately thickened and bearing a few spines
at the middle below (New Mexico)

No. 125. insurgens n. sp.

Hind tibia and femur as usual; forceps with
a barb-like projection behind (wide-
spread) No. 126. kellyi Aid.

SAHCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 247

14. Scutellmn with a pair of small apical

bristles between the large marginals 15

Scutellum without small apicals 20

15. Back of head with two rows of black hairs

behind eye 16

Back of head with three rows 17

Back of head with three rows above, running
out to one near lower edge of eye (South-
ern Alabama to Brazil)

No. 127. sternodontis Tns.

16. Large, stout species without median mar-

ginals on third abdominal segment (wide-
spread south; Seattle)

No. 128. rohusta n. sp.

Small tropical species; median marginals

present on third abdominal segment

(West Indies) No. 129. hakeri n. sp.

17. With a recurved, divided hook on the back

of penis near tip (Georgia, Louisiana)

No. 130. hamata n. sp.
Not with such hook 18

18. Frontal rows suddenly divergent at lower

end 19

Frontal rows slightly divergent ; pollen of
head, sides of thorax, and sides of abdomen
yellow (Guatemala)

No. 131. ocantliosoma n. sp.

19. Outer vertical present; forceps with dense

erect short hair almost at tip (wide-
spread) No. 132. utilis Aid.
Outer vertical absent; forceps bare (Mis-
souri, Georgia, Florida)

rileyi, j one si and celarata, in Group G

20. Front nearly as wide as one eye (New Jer-

sey) No. 133. cistudinis n. sp.
Front much narrower 21

21. Fifth sternite with stout arms diverging V-

shaped (Indiana) No. 134. galeata n. sp.
Fifth sternite with the sides not diverging 22

248 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

22. Forceps in back view decidedly diverging

at tip _' 23

Forceps in back view contiguous to tip 25

Forceps in back view separated but parallel,

wide, the tips broadly rounded (Central

and South America)

No. 135. dustralis n. sp.

23. Forceps quite large; hind tibiae with short

but quite distinct villosity (West Indies;
Group F) No. 103. peltata n. sp.
Forceps very small ; hind tibiae not at all vil-
lous 24

24. Anterior claspers very short and stout

(Guatemala) No. 136. timida n. sp.

Anterior claspers long, not very stout (wide-
spread) No. 137. assidua Walk.

25. Posterior claspers when viewed from behind

very broad at tip with a hook on outer side
(New York, Pennsylvania)

No. 138. cingarus n. sp.
Posterior claspers slender (Porto Rico)

No. 139. culminata n. sp.

26. Second segment of hypopygium very large,

flat behind, giving the abdomen a trun-
cated appearance; forceps minute (Cen-
tral America) No. 140. iissa n. sp. .
Second segment of hypopygium ordinary — 27

27. Accessory plate very long and slender, al-

most as long as the forceps (Jamaica)

No. 131. fimbriata n. sp.
Accessory plate not very long 28

28. Forceps not at all divergent, very long,

slender, curved, black from the base

(Texas) No. 142. texana n. sp.

Forceps divergent, shorter 29

29. Lateral vertical bristles generally present

(widespread) No. 144. latisetosa Park.
Lateral vertical bristles absent 30

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 249

30. Stalk of penis very long, on the front side
just before tip with a flat yellow trans-
verse plate projecting forward (wide-
spread

No. 143. quadrisetosa Coq.

Stalk of penis rather long, the tip constricted

and then globular, not with such plate

No. 145. globulus n. sp.

No. 117. Sarcophaga floridensis n. sp.

Male. Front .190 of head (average of five, —
.184, .188, .190, .192, .195). The species resembles
commu7iis, differing principally in having red coxae,
femora and tibise; the first segment of the hypo-
pygimn is also red, and the palpi are red on the apical
half, but more or less darkened basally; middle femur
with comb behind but not in front; structure of the
penis about the same as in ocliracea.

Female. Front .328 of head (average of two, —
.324 and .333). The red color is more widely ex-
tended, reaching up from the legs to the lower parts
of the pleurae and even the humeri, but is evidently
quite variable in extent.

Six males and two females: Two of each sex
from Miami, Fla. (C. H. T. Townsend and Mrs.
Townsend, collectors ) , in the National Museum ; one
from St. Augustine, Fla., and two from Tifton, Ga.,
in the Hough collection; one from Key West, Fla.,
collected by A. H. Sturtevant.

Holotvpe and allotype. — Male and female. No.
20557, U. S. N. M.

No. 118. Sarcophaga planifrons n. sp.

Male. Front very wide, .344 of head (average
of five,— .316, .331, .345, .364, .364) ; parafrontals and
parafacials silvery pollinose with a distinct yellow-
ish tinge, the latter with a few rather scattered hairs ;
frontal stripe very wide, in most of the specimens
pollinose like parafrontals, but in some the pollen is
thin anteriorly so that the dark color shows through;

250 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

the front is noticeably flat and quite prominent, ocel-
lars large; frontal bristles 8, not divergent below,
reaching to the middle of the second antennal joint;
outer verticals absent; antennae reddish brown, third
joint somewhat darker and 2% times as long as the
second, reaching five-sixths of the way to the vibrissse,
which are just above the oral margin; palpi and pro-
boscis black, ordinary; bucca nearly half the eye-
height, with rather small black hairs; back of head
with three rows of black hairs and rather abundant
whitish ones in the middle and below, which do not
extend in front of the metacephalic suture.

Thorax yellowish cinereous, the stripes faintly
marked ; ps dc four ; ant acr well developed ; prsc one ;
stpl three; scutellum with two large marginals, one
smaller preapical and no apicals; the second pair of
marginals are a little closer together than in many
species.

Abdomen densely cinereous pollinose with yel-
lowish tinge, tessellated, with indistinct median black
stripe; the first and second segments have only lat-
erals; the fourth has a marginal row of about 12;
fifth sternite black, with short black brushes very dis-
tinct, the remainder of the sternite not visible.

Hypopygium rather large; first segment black,
pollinose, reddish on the lower angles, with a row of
stout black bristles behind; second segment red (rare-
ly almost black) subshining, with a few scattered
small bristles; forceps red, the tips black, widely
divergent, rather straight and evenly tapering, not
very long ; posterior claspers strongly hooked, brown,
slender, with two or three teeth just before the hook;
anterior claspers long, reddish brown, slender, not
hooked; accessory plate minute, reddish; penis one-
jointed, reddish brown in color, slender and simple al-
most to the tip ; in profile the back edge extends for-
ward at the apex into a blunt lobe, in front of which
there is a second lobe not quite so much produced;
in front of this and somewhat toward the base is at-
tached an irregular transverse plate, the sides of

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 251

which bend up toward the apex; one angle of this
plate is strongly chitinized, black and shining and lies
against the second lobe just mentioned, at the top of
the penis ; looking at the penis from the end there is a
hollow without any perceptible internal organs;
viewed from behind it widens rather noticeably just
before the tip and is not notched.

Legs black; middle femur with comb; middle
tibia with two bristles on outer front side ; hind tibia
not villous.

Wing hyaline; veins mostly yellow; no costal
spine; third costal segment distinctly shorter than
fifth ; third vein with a few hairs.

Female. Front very wide, .393 of head (aver-
age of five,— .380, .389,' .392, .393, .409) with the
usual orbitals and outer verticals well developed.
Frontal stripe almost covered, as in the male, with
pollen concolorous with the rest of the front.

Abdomen broad, marginal bristles of third seg-
ment rather feebly developed; genital segment gray
poUinose with a horseshoe-shaped opening behind,
within which the sclerites are red and shining. Mid-
dle femur without comb.

Length 6-7 mm.

Nine males and seven females: five males and
four females are from Morton County, Kans., 3200
feet altitude, F. H. Snow, collector, in Kansas col-
lection (one dated June, 1902) ; one male Socorro, N.
M. (Williston) ; one male Alamogordo, N. M., May
5, 1902; one male and two females, Koehler, N. M.,
W. R. Walton; one male, Aberdeen, S. D. (Bishopp
No. 5178), July 29, 1915.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20558, U. S. N. M., from
Alamogordo, N. M.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20558, U. S. N. M.,
Morton County, Kansas.

No. 119. Sarcophaga pectinata n. sp.

Male. Front wide, .341 of head (average of five,
— .333, .335, .338, .350, .351) ; parafrontals and para-

252 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

facials grayish white, the latter with the usual row
of small hairs; ocellars distinct; outer verticals pres-
ent; frontal stripe blackish, wide, slightly poUinose
above; frontal bristles 6 to 8, slightly diverging be-
low, reaching to about the middle of the second an-
tennal joint; antennae blackish, the third joint fully
twice the second, reaching three-fourths of the way
to the vibrissse, which are at the oral margin; arista
plumose on basal half; palpi and proboscis black,
ordinary; bucca about half the eyeheight, with black
hairs; back of head with three rows of black hairs,
the whitish hairs at the middle and below do not ex-
tend in front of the metacephalic suture.

Thorax gray pollinose, with three black stripes
when viewed from in front; ps dc four; ant acr very
large; prsc one; stpl three; scutellum with two mar-
ginals, one large preapical and no apicals.

Abdomen gray pollinose with three black stripes,
the outer ones changeable ; fifth sternite forming two
short ridges which bear short black brushes, the rest
not visible.

Hypopygium: first segment red, pollinose, with
an interrupted row of stout bristles behind; second
segment globose, red, somewhat pollinose, with sev-
eral scattered bristles, of which about a half dozen
are large; forceps short and straight, widely diver-
gent, red with black tips; accessory plate yellow,
small, depressed; posterior clasper black, erect,
strongly hooked, with several teeth on the front edge ;
anterior clasper blackish, long, slender, straight near
the apex, lying close against the penis; penis with a
single segment, brown, polished, the middle large,
somewhat globose, with two terminal lobes not very
distinctly separated from each other; in front of the
globose portion arise two flattened diagonal plates
which are attached by their middle; one end
extends almost to the apices of the lobes of the penis ;
the other extends about an equal distance in front of
the organ.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 253

Legs black; middle femur with a short but very
stout comb behind; middle tibia with two bristles on
the outer front side ; hind tibia not villous.

Wings subhyaline; no costal spines; third costal
segment distinctly shorter than the fifth; first vein
bare ; third hairy nearly to the crossvein.

Female. Front, .395 of head. Abdomen
broad; genital segment red with the same structure
as in commu7iisj middle legs broken off from speci-
men.

Length 6-7 mm.

Six males, one female. One male from Ope-
lousas, La., in the Hough collection; three from Tif-
ton, Ga., in Hough collection; one Alabama (C. F.
Baker; one La Fayette, Ind. (Aldrich) ; the single
female is from Arizona in the Hough collection.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20559, U. S. N. M., from
La Fayette, Ind.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20559, U .S. N. M.

No. 120. Sarcophaga communis Park.

Parker, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. vol. 35, p. 55, pis.
I to 5, male.

Mr. Parker has discussed this species exhaus-
tively, using it as a type for illustrating the anatomy
of the group.

Male. Front .212 of head (average of five, —
.206, .207, .208, .217, .221) ; parafrontals and para-
facials gray pollinose, with reflections that are rather
brownish than yellow; parafacials with the usual
bristles below near the eye; ocellars present; outer
verticals absent; frontal stripe broad, blackish; fron-
tal bristles about ten, the rows gradually diverging
a little anteriorly, but not to a striking extent, reach-
ing almost to the middle of the second antennal joint;
antennae blackish, the third joint twice the second,
reaching four-fifths of the way to the vibrissa, which
are at the oral margin; palpi and proboscis black,
ordinary ; bucca almost half the eyeheight, with black
hairs to and even behind the suture; back of head
with three rows of black hairs.

254 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Thorax gray pollinose, with the usual three to
five stripes not very distinct ; ps do four, rather large ;
ant acr very large ; prsc one large ; stpl three ; scutel-
lum with two or three marginals ; one pair preapicals ;
no apicals.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with a
median dark stripe; first and second segments with
only lateral bristles ; third with a pair of median mar-
ginals and sometimes a feeble row ; fourth with a mar-
ginal row of about ten ; fifth sternite not very widely
divergent, its edges elevated and covered with a dense
short brush, very conspicuous; it is but little devel-
oped laterally from these brushes.

Hypopygium rather large; first segment polli-
nose, mostly black in ground color, but sometimes
considerably reddish on the sides, with an interrupted
row of bristles behind; second segment globose, sub-
shining, with a few erect scattered small bristles;
forceps red, the tips black, widely divergent near the
base and slightly converging at the tips; in profile
sharp and rather strongly curved forward apically;
accessory plate small, yellow, depressed; posterior
claspers blackish, erect, very strongly hooked at tip,
before which on the front side is an excision and two
or three minute teeth ; anterior claspers reddish brown,
rather wide at base but rapidly becoming narrow,
the tips slender, bent forward but not decidedly
hooked; penis blackish, one- jointed, slender and sim-
ple nearly to the tip, where it is suddenly enlarged,
polished and shining, ending in two rounded knobs
separated by a deep groove. In the middle on the
front side there is attached to a widened part a trans-
verse erect plate, deeply notclied at the apex, brown
with pale margin ; on each side of this, somewhat diag-
onally placed, is a partially collapsed process or plate
which behind runs out in a point almost to the termi-
nal knobs and in front ends in a wrinkled and rounded
lobe.

SAECOPHAGA AND ALLIES 255

Legs black; middle femur with combs in front
and behind; middle tibia with two bristles on the
outer front side ; hind tibia not villous.

Wings slightly brownish, no costal spine; third
costal segment slightly longer than the fifth; first
vein bare; third with a few hairs.

Female. Front .368 of head (average of five, —
.343, .361, .361, .376, .400) ; rows of frontal bristles
not divergent, even approximated below, with the
usual orbitals and outer verticals developed.

Abdomen broad; genital segment pollinose, red-
dish in ground color with an oval opening enclosing
a red terminal segment ; middle femur not with comb.

Length 6.5 — 12 mm.

Several hundred specimens of both sexes from
East Eddington, Me., to Kanaka Bay, San Juan
Island, Wash.; Marshall Pass, Colo., altitude 10,856
feet; Mono Lake, Cal., 6,300 feet; Pine Lake, Cal.
(C. F. Baker) ; one male. District of Columbia, issued
August 12, 1889, bred from cow dung (collection C.
V. Riley No. 4285-6). This is a very abundant scav-
enger species in the north. Parker states that it is
often found feeding or larvipositing on human excre-
ment. The typical form seems to become rare south-
ward at about the latitude of Washington and the
Ohio river. Farther south it is replaced by the vari-
ety ochi'acea.

Several typical specimens in Mr. C. W. John-
son's collection are from the Bermuda Islands.

Holotype. — In the collection of the Massachu-
setts Agricultural College; a paratype is in the Na-
tional Museum (No. 18424).

No. 121. Sarcophaga communis var. ochracea n. var.

Male. Front .209 of head (average of five, —
.192, .198, .215, .216, .222); parafrontals and para-
facials and front half of bucca with a strongly ochra-
ceous tinge, which also extends along the hind orbit
of the eye. Thorax with yellowish gray pollen and
rather distinct stripes. Abdomen with yellowish pol-

256 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

len. First segment of hypopygium red; penis sim-
ilar to that of com.munis but more gradually widened
toward the apex; also the lateral lobes in front are
generally more chitinized and the tip of the posterior
claspers are not so strongly hooked. Otherwise as in
communis except that it usually has a more robust
form.

Female. Less distinct from communis, but
showing the yellow color to a considerable extent.

Seventy-five specimens of both sexes. District
of Columbia, bred from cow dung, issued August 13,
1889 (collection of C. V. Riley No. 4285-7) ; Eufala,
Ala., Hough collection; Opelousas and Palmetto,
La., Hough collection; Hamburg, Miss. (Bishopp)
and a large number from various parts of Texas
(Bishopp) ; Puerto Barrios and San Jose in Guate-
mala (Prof. Hine).

I identified this variety for correspondents in a
few cases as Sar'cophaga trivialis Van der Wulp, but
on further study have become convinced that the lat-
ter species cannot be identified without an examina-
tion of the type specimen in London.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20560, U. S. N. M., from
Hamburg, Miss.

Allotype. Female, No. 20560, U. S. N. M.,

from Dallas, Tex.

No. 122. Sarcophaga flavipalpis n. sp.

Male. Front .204 of head (average of two. —
.201 and .207) ; parafrontals and parafacials yellow-
ish pollinose, the latter with irregular row of hairs, the
lower quite bristly; frontal stripes black; frontal
bristles about ten, the rows abruptly diverging below,
reaching to the middle of the second antennal joint,
the lowest arise from changeable spots in the pollen;
ocellars well developed, outer verticals absent; an-
tenucc reddish brown; third joint blackish, 2l^ times
the second, reaching four-fiftlis of the way to tlie
vibrissa, which are at the oral margia and quite far
apart; arista long and slender, plumose a little over

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 257

halfway; palpi yellow, rathei- long and stout; pro-
boscis black; bucca one-third the eyeheight, with
black hair in front of the suture, whitish behind ; back
of head with three rows of black hairs.

Thorax with rather glaucous pollen, with three
to five black stripes; ps dc four; ant acr distinctly
developed; prsc one; stpl three; scutellum with two
or three marginals, one rather large preapical and
one rather large apical.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated; first and
second segments with only lateral bristles, the third
with median marginal pair and one lateral; fourth
slightly red on hind margin with a row of about a
dozen decreasing on the sides ; fifth sternite large and
distinct; near the base with two prominent brown
lobes, which have a brush of black bristles on the inner
hind side; beyond these lobes the organ is cut out in
a semicircle in profile and the brush continues along
the inner edge of this semicircle, but is not visible in
profile ; there is a rounded lobe beyond the excision.

Hypopygium red, rather large; first segment
pollinose above, tessellated, with a row of strong bris-
tles behind; second segment globose, subshining, with
abundant erect hair; forceps reddish brown, slender,
tapering, tips black; viewed from behind they stand
somewhat apart from each other basally and this
space is suddenly widened about the middle; on the
outer side near the base there is a deep oblique notch.
In profile the free part bends strongly backward for
about half its length, then becomes slender and curves
gradually forward to a sharp point. Accessory plate
very slender, almost finger-like, yellow; posterior
clasper small, yellow except the tip, which is curved
forward and divided into two points ; anterior clasper
minute, with black, one-sided tip; penis moderately
small, brown, basal joint distinct but short, the dis-
tal segment with a keel-like hind margin which ex-
tends in a curve over the tip into a pronounced free
hook turned forward; the basal part of the segment
is triangular in cross section, being flat in front ; from

258 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

the middle part two broad diagonal irregular thin
plates extend forward, which in profile hide a pair
of stout, shining black hooks, which also extend for-
ward between the plates.

Legs black; middle femur with comb behind;
middle tibia with two bristles on the outer front side ;
hind tibia with a few rather erect hairs on inner mesial
side, but not strictly villous.

Wings hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment slightly longer than the fifth; first vein bare;
third with several hairs.

Female. The only specimen has lost its abdo-
men. Front .291 of head. Orbitals and outer ver-
ticals present; the dark yellow palpi are rather strik-
ingly long and broad, projecting nearly half their
length in front of the epistoma ; middle femur without
comb.

Ijcngth 9 nmi.

Two males and one female. One male from La
Fayette, Ind., July 11, 1914 (Aldrich) ; one male,
one female, Enola, Va., reared May 1, 1915, by Sara
Reynolds from a myriapod (Spar'oholus sp.).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20561, U. S. N. M., from
Enola, Va.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20561, U. S. N. M.,
from Enola, Va.

No. 123. Sarcophaga bishoppi n. sp.

Male. Front .323 of head (average of tlu-ee, —
— .302, .314, .353) ; parafrontals and parafacials sil-
very pollinose ; frontal stripe brown, rather indistinct
above; parafacials with the usual row of hairs; fron-
tals about 12, the rows far apart, rapidly diverging
below, reaching almost to the middle of the second
antennal joint; ocellars distinct and outer verticals
large and strong, almost equalling the inner; anten-
nae reddish, third joint twice the second, reaching
four-fifths of the way to the vibrissas, which are at
the oral margin ; palpi yellow, large and rather thick-
ened, proboscis black, ordinary; bucca nearly one-

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 259

half the eyeheight, covered with gray pollen, its hairs
largely whitish ; back of head with two rows of black
hairs, the whole central part and below with whitish
hair.

Thorax yellowish gray pollinose, with three to
five brown or black stripes; the submedian gray
stripes divided for three-fourths of their length ; only
two of the ps dc are distinct, the hindmost ones, the
remainder very small; ant acr none; prsc one; stpl
three; scutellum with the usual two marginals, one
preapical and a small pair of apicals ; the second scu-
tellar marginal is very strong.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with black-
ish median stripe and a shifting lateral one each side ;
fourth segment broadly red at tip; first and second
segments with only lateral bristles; third with a
median marginal pair and two laterals; the fourth
with a row of about 16, diminishing at the sides. Fifth
sternite brown at base, with conspicuous smooth yel-
low plate-like bare arms, which however have a prom-
inent lobe on the inner side near the base, bearing a
tuft of small hairs.

Hypopygium yellow, first segment rather pol-
linose, with only small hairs along the hind margin;
second segment shining, globose; forceps red, brown-
ish at tip, with long hair on the attached part; the
free part is comparatively short, with a flat, concave
plate on the outer side forming the tip. This plate
is polished in the center and fringed with reddish hairs
around the margin, which is elevated and strongly set
off from the remainder of the forceps. Accessory
plate large, its hind edge next the forceps tliin and
drawn out into a yellow flat hook at the apex; pos-
terior clasper blackish, rather straight and slender;
anterior clasper red at base, black at tip, rather low
and straight, rapidly tapering. Near the base on
the inner front side is a long thumb-like process,
very characteristic. Penis yellow, with large basal
segment, the apical one very complex, consider-
ably like that in utilis. There is a large anterior

260 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

division which may be more or less closely applied to
the central mass. In both specimens the penis is cov-
ered with a gelatinous substance, making the details
difficut to see.

Legs black; middle femur with stout but not
comblike bristles below ; middle tibia with two bristles
on outer front side; hind tibia not villous.

Female. Front .353 of head, with the usual orbi-
tals and outer verticals the same as in the male. Palpi
yellow, somewhat thickened at tip; bucca with black
hairs almost to the suture. Hairs on parafrontals and
parafacials noticeably coarse. Scutelhmi without api-
cals. Genital segment red, shining except below; ori-
fice vertical with stout bristles above ; outer front side
of middle tibia with a row of stout bristles.

Length 14 mm.

Three males, one female. One male from Cry-
stal City, Texas, July 31, 1914 (Bishopp Xo. 3547) ;
one Texas (Melander) ; one Tifton, Ga. (Hough col-
lection). The female is from Ormond, Fla. (U. S.
N. M. ) . Professor Melander's male has the front as
wide as that of the female. The Georgia male and
the female were both erroneously included by me in
the type material of utilis (Jour. Econ. Ent., vol. 8,
p. 152), the locality of the latter appearing as Or-
lando, Fla.

Holotype.— Male, No. 20562, U. S. N. M., from
Crystal City, Tex.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20562, U. S. N. M.,
from Ormond, Fla.

No. 124. Sarcophaga incurva n. sp.

Male. Front .260 of head; parafrontals and
parafacials silvery, the former with a slight yellow
tinge, the latter with a few scattered hairs near the
eye; ocellars and outer verticals present; frontal
stripe black, not very well defined, as the pollen of
the sides more or less covers it; frontal bristles eight,
the lower ones strongly divergent, reaching about to
the middle of the second antennal joint; antennse

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 261

blackish, the third joint twice the second, extending
three-fourths of the way to the vibriss^e, which are at
the oral margin; arista with rather short plumosity
for half its length; palpi and proboscis black, ordi-
nary; bucca slightly over half the eyeheight, with
black hairs which extend behind the metacephalic
suture ; only a few pale hairs around the neck, back of
head otherwise covered with black hair.

Thorax with gray pollen and the usual three to
five black stripes, the middle one of which is quite
narrow; the submedian gray stripes are divided for
two-thirds of their length; ps dc four; ant acr two
very large pairs ; prsc one ; stpl three ; scutellum with
two marginals, one rather large preapical; upon the
apex are several long hairs, but they do not appear to
be arranged like the usual small apical bristles.

Abdomen apparently tessellated but not in very
good condition to describe. First and second seg-
ments with only laterals; third segment with a pair
of depressed marginals; fourth with the usual mar-
ginal row of about a dozen; fifth sternite widely ex-
cised, not distinctly visible in the specimen; first seg-
ment of hypopygium red, its base blackish, of peculiar
shape, being turned under at the apex so as to have
a pronounced hump beyond the middle ; it has numer-
out long erect hairs, rather stout ; second segment red,
subshining, with rather coarse erect hairs; forceps
minute, shining red, not divergent, straight, not taper-
ing, inclined backward at an appreciable angle, the
apex obliquely truncate so as to be shorter on the
front side, where there is a minute point; accessory
plate comparatively large, so that it has to be removed
in order to get a side view of the remaining organs;
it is excised at the apex, having two rather sharp
points. The shape is indicated by dotted lines in
the sketch. Posterior clasper yellow, rather wide at
base, broadly excised on front side toward apex, which
is long and curved and very slender, a stout hair arises
from the basal part of the excision; anterior claspers
yellow, slender, the tip with an accessory point below ;

262 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

penis yellow, basal segment indistinct but slender, dis-
tal segment suddenly widening behind into a globose
mass, which is rather open apically, where there are
some small black organs ; in profile the apex is nearly
truncate and at the front edge a slender flat process
bends toward the base.

Legs black ; middle tibia slightly reddish, with
two bristles on outer front side ; middle femur without
comb; hind femur greatly thickened from the base
with a pronounced projection below a little beyond
the middle, from the outer side of which, extending
half way to the apex, there is a dense brush of short,
black spines; the tibia is even more remarkable in
shape, as it is bent close to the base almost at a right
angle; is very stout and only about half the length
of the femur, evidently closing against the femoral
brush to form a grasping organ. On its outer side
there are 8 or 10 long bristles; hind tarsi of ordinary
structure.

Wing subhyaline; no costal spine; third costal
segment about equal to the fifth ; first vein bare ; third
hairy nearly to the crossvein.

Length 10 mm.

One male, Jemez Mountains, N. M., July 25,
1914, presented by Mr. H. S. Harbeck to the Na-
tional Museimi.

Holotj^pe.— Male, No. 20562, U. S. N. M.

No. 125. Sarcophaga insurgens n. sp.

Male. Front .280 of head. Like incurva in
every detail except the following: The hind tibia
instead of being bent at right angles, very short and
stout, is in this species only a little curved, about two-
thirds as long as the femur; the hind femur is only a
little thickened, not more than in some other species;
it has on the under side just beyond the middle about
a half dozen closely placed stubby spines, upon a
slight, almost imperceptible elevation. The genitalia
are strikingly similar to those of incurva,, almost iden-
tical, in fact, but are not very well spread and the

SAHCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 263

shape of the penis in particular cannot be satisfac-
torily made out. On this account I have not attempt-
ed to figure these characters; forceps and accessory
plate are exactly the same as in incurva. The first
segment of the hypopygium is rather blacker at the
base than in the other species.

Length 8 mm.

One male, Jemez Mountains, N. M., July 25,
1914, presented by Mr. H. S. Harbeck to the Na-
tional Museum.

Holotype.— Male, Xo. 20563, U. S. IS". M.

No. 126, Sarcophaga kellyi Aid.

Aldrich, Journal of Agric. Research, ii, 443, pi. xl. — Kan-
sas to Arizona and Manitoba : bred from grass-
hoppers.

Kelly, ibidem, 435, habits.

Male. Front .218 of head (average of five, —
.204, .207, .210, .225, .243) ; parafrontals and para-
facials with smooth silvery pollen, slightly yellow
above; frontal stripe blackish, narrow, not sharply
defined; frontal bristles only about 8, widely diverg-
ing below, reaching nearly to the middle of the second
antennal joint; ocellar bristles large; outer verticals
not developed ; paraf acials with the usual row of bris-
tles below, of moderate size ; antennae black, the third
joint twice as long as the second, reaching three-
fourths of the way to the vibrissa, which are at the
oral margin; arista plumose to the middle; palpi and
proboscis black; bucca one-fourth the ej^eheight, with
rather fine black hairs as far back as the suture ; back
of head with three distinct rows of black hairs, in the
middle and below with whitish ones.

Thorax with grayish pollen and the usual three
to five black stripes; submedian gray stripes divided
for three-fourths of their length ; ps dc four, all rather
large; ant acr well developed; prsc one pair; stpl,
three ; scutellum with two marginals, one smallish pre-
apical and one still smaller apical.

Abdomen whitish gray pollinose, tessellated, with
three quite distinct longitudinal black stripes; first

264 THOMAS SAY POUNDATION

three segments with only lateral bristles ; fourth with
a marginal row of about 10; fifth sternite reddish
brown, deeply incised in the middle ; each of the sides
again incised so that there is a long lobe on each side
of the middle projecting backward, clothed with short
black hairs. The whole structure is soft and readily
shrivels.

Hypopygium: First segment black, pollinose
and tessellated, with a row of stout bristles behind;
second segment yellow, globose, subshining, not bris-
tly; forceps long, slender, brown at base, the rest
shining black; in profile convex on front side almost
to tip; on hind side deeply concave for half their
length, where there is a prominent angle; from this
to apex nearly straight, the tip turned forward in a
slender point. The outer side of the forceps, except
the basal third, bears numerous short stubby erect
booklets. Accessory plate yellow, very small, tlie
free part slightly pointed. Both pairs of claspers
blackish, small and nearly straight, standing up oppo-
site the base of the penis. Penis with very short yel-
low basal segment; distal segment long and narrow,
shining black or brown, divided apically into two flat
plates, but little diverging and curved forward; on
the front side are a pair of long and wide plates of
rather soft consistency and brownish color lying
lengthwise of the organ.

Legs black; middle femur with a short comb;
middle tibia with two bristles on outer front side ; hind
tibia not at all villous.

Wings hyaline ; no costal spines ; third costal seg-
ment slightly longer than fifth ; first vein bare ; third
hairy nearly to crossvein.

Female. Front .347 of head (average of five, —
.332, .333, .345, .356, .367), with the usual orbitals
and outer verticals distinct, of nearly uniform width
almost to the antenna. Palpi distinctly clavate. Scu-
tellum without apicals ; third abdominal segment with-
out median marginals. Genital segment red, orifice
transverse; the red genital tergite has on tlie upper

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 265

side two distinct concavities, side by side, which ap-
pear to be very characteristic of this species. Middle
femur without comb.

Length 6.5-7.5 mm.

At the place of original description I have listed
several hundred specimens of this species examined
at that time. They were largely reared from grass-
hoppers in various parts of the west. Since the pub-
lication of that article I have seen four females in
the University of Kansas, reared by H. B. Hunger-
ford at Kinsley, Kans., from adults of Plectrodcra
scalator, the large Cerambycid borer in cottonwood.
Mr. Hungerford states that 90 per cent, of the beetles
were parasitized. I have also received for identifica-
tion two males and a female reared by Prof. H. F.
Wickham from Asida sp. at La Junta, CoL , (Web-
ster No. 15505).

No specimens have been seen from localities east
of Central Kansas.

Holotype.— Male, No. 18250, U. S. N. M., from
Wellington, Kans.

No. 127. Sarcophaga sternodontis Towns.

Townsend, Journal Institute Jamaica i, 105 {Sarcodexia)
Jamaica, bred from Sternodontes damicornis, a Cer-
ambycid beetle; and in the same journal Dec, 1892,
bred from Centrums edzvardsii, a scorpion.
Brauer u. Bergenstamm, Zweifl. Kais. Mus. vi, 193, "Ac-
cording to the description a Sarcophaga."
Male. Front .235 of head (average of five, —
.213, .223, .237, .246, .257) ; parafrontals and para-
facials silvery to golden pollinose, the latter with a
few small hairs in a row near the eye; frontal stripe
black, rather sharply defined; frontal bristles about
10, the two uppermost pairs quite strong and recli-
nate, the lower widely but not suddenly diverging,
reaching a little below the middle of the second an-
tennal joint; ocellars present; outer verticals absent;
antenn{« black, third joint twice as long as second,
reaching four-fifths of the way to the vibrissfe, which
are at the oral margin ; arista plumose for about two-

266 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

thirds its length; palpi and proboscis black, the for-
mer slender; bucca one-fifth the eyeheight, clothed
mostly with pale hairs ; back of head with three rows
of black hairs above, narrowing to one opposite the
lower part of the eye; the middle part and below
clothed with whitish hair.

Thorax grayish white pollinose, with three to five
very black stripes, the middle one narrowed in front ;
the submedian gray stripes undivided; ps dc four,
successively smaller; ant acr about 3 pairs, one quite
large pair just before the suture; prsc one; stpl three;
scutellum with two marginals, both long, preapicals
scarcely perceptible^ one pair smallish apicals.

Abdomen subshining in some lights, strongly tes-
sellated in others, with a median black shining stripe
and two lateral shifting ones; first and second seg-
ments with only lateral bristles; third with one pair
median marginals and three or four laterals, forming
an interrupted row; the fourth with a marginal row
of about a dozen. Fifth sternite very much retracted,
practically invisible.

Hypopygium with first segment rather small,
subshining, black, without bristles; second segment
globose, shining red, without bristles; forceps yellow
throughout their entire length, very wide in profile,
the apical part turned forward, ending in a broadly
truncate form; in profile the front edge has almost a
right angle where it turns near the end, while the pos-
terior edge is rather broadly and uniformly curved;
from behind the broad tips are divergent. Accessory
plate yellow, comparatively narrow, rather long; pos-
terior clasper long and nearly straight, slender, the
tip blackish ; anterior clasper shorter, sharp and some-
what hooked at the tip, entirely yellow. Penis with
a very short yellow basal segment; distal segment
globose at its beginning, wholly yellow, diverging api-
cally into two long lateral processes which bear a
connecting margin or plate between them.

Legs black ; middle femur without comb ; middle

SAECOPHAGA AND ALLIES 267

tibia with two stout bristles on the front side; hind
tibia not villous.

Wings hyaline, no costal spines ; third costal seg-
ment longer than the fifth; first vein bare; third hairy
nearly to crossvein.

Female. Front .280 of head (average of five, —
.260, .274, .278, .293, .294), with the usual orbitals
and outer verticals developed. Frontal stripe nar-
rower than paraf rontals ; scutellum without apicals,
but second pair of marginals are somewhat approxi-
mated as if to take their place. Genital segment
golden pollinose, apparently red in ground color with
a rounded orifice.

Fifty-eight specimens of both sexes. Four from
Miami, Fla., collected by Mrs. C. H. T. Townsend
and Frederick Knab; one Mayaguez, Porto Rico, R.
H. Van Zwalenburg; one Gainesville, Fla., reared by
R. N. Wilson from maggots that issued from a speci-
men of grasshopper, Schistocerca americana, after it
had been killed, pinned and placed in the box (Web-
ster No. 13945) ; three from Monticello, Fla., reared
by John D. Gill from Citheronia regalis (Quaintance
No. 9148) ; twenty-seven from Fellsmere, Ritta and
Greensboro, Fla., reared from the large lubber grass-
hopper, Dictyophorus reticulatus, by R. N. Wilson
(Gainesville Nos. 16466, 16515, 16588, 16623).

All of the preceding material from the Bureau
of Entomology and the National Museum. I also
have two specimens from Havana and Cayamas,
Cuba, collected by C. F. Baker; three specimens from
Jamaica in the Hough collection and two from the
same in C. W. Johnson's; and 19 specimens from
Brazil (Chapada, Corumba and Obrilongo) collected
by H. H. Smith and given me by Prof. Williston ; in
most of the Brazilian material the pollen of the head
is more or less yellow to golden, in the rest quite sil-
verj^.

I examined the type specimen in the University
of Kansas and was permitted to spread its genitalia.

Type. — In the University of Kansas collection.

268 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATIOX

No. 128. Sarcophaga robusta n. sp.

Male. Front .231 of head (average of five, —
.223, .226, .234, .235, .236) ; parafrontals and para-
facials together with face and bucca covered with
smooth, white pollen having a slight yellowish cast;
frontal stripe reddish, not sharply defined; frontal
bristles about 11, several very weak below the upper-
most one, the rows diverging moderately below and
reaching to the middle of the second antennal joint;
paraf acials with a few hairs, none very large ; anten-
nae reddish brown, the third joint three times the sec-
ond and reaching three-fourths of the way to the vi-
brissa, which are at the oral margin ; arista plumose
for half its length; ocellars large; outer verticals ab-
sent; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary, bucca one-
third the eyeheight, clothed with fine black hairs which
gradually blend with the pale ones before the meta-
cephalic suture. Back of the head with two rows of
black hairs, its middle part covered with whitish ones,
which are conspicuous below.

Thorax yellow, gray pollinose, with the usual
three to five black stripes, the sub-median gray stripes
divided to the suture. Ps dc 4 or 5, only the hind ones
very large; ant acr barely distinguishable from the
hairs surrounding them; prsc one; stpl two to four;
scutellum with the usual two large marginals, one
small preapical and one larger apical.

Abdomen light gray pollinose, tessellated, with
three somewhat shifting dark stripes ; fourth segment
considerably red behind. In profile the abdomen is
uncommonly deep toward the apex. First three seg-
ments with only lateral bristles; fourth with a mar-
ginal row of about 10; fifth sternite yellow, near the
base on each side with a black, bare, elevated surface,
behind which is a yellow expansion clothed with a
black brush.

Hypopygium yellow; first segment large, polli-
nose, sometimes a little inf uscated ; at its hind margin
with a row of stout bristles; second segment globose,
subshining, with a few scattered erect stout hairs,

SAECOPHAGA AND ALLIES 269

some bristly. Forceps of unique structure, their at-
tached part being drawn out into a pair of yellow
pointed organs very much like the forceps of the other
species ; in front of this, however, the organ is in pro-
file deeply excised, then suddenly curves backward
into a pair of strong black-tipped hooks lying close
against the penis. In the back view the yellow points
are not divergent, the black ones are cut out so as to
leave a square opening, into which the distal part of
the penis fits when tilted back. Accessory plate
drawn forward out of its usual position so that it
lies against the side of the penis; it is yellow and
rather slender. The claspers are very small, black-
tipped plates lying against the basal segment of the
penis. Penis with a short yellow basal segment; the
distal segment rather spoon-shaped, narrow at base,
widening in a broad, curved plate at each side which
joins a keel along the back. The keel is yellow, bor-
dered with black and the black color also extends
along the apex of each of the lateral plates. On the
front of the distal segment near the tip is a round,
blunt black tube.

Legs black; middle femur with comb behind;
middle tibia with rather long dense hair on the inner
side toward the tip, but not strictly villous; on its
outer front side bearing a single bristle; the hind
femur stout with short stubby bristles below in irreg-
uular rows ; the hind tibia? are noticeably shorter than
their femora and are not usually \^illous although
sometimes near the tip on the inner side there are
some rather long hairs, on account of which I have
included the species in my table in Group F also.

Wings hyaline; no costal spines; third costal seg-
ment as long as the fifth and sixth together ; first vein
bare; third hairy halfway to the crossvein.

Female. Front .339 of head (average of five, —
.332, .333, .335, .344, .349), The usual orbitals and
outer verticals well developed ; scutellum without api-
cals; third abdominal segment without median mar-
ginals ; fourth yellow at tip. Genital segment yellow

270 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

with rounded aperture; sixth sternite shining yellow,
sinuously excised at tip ; middle femur without comb
and slender; middle tibia with two bristles on the
outer front side ; hind femur not thickened, with only
a few bristles near the base below ; hind tibia not \dl-
lous, slightly shorter than the femur.

Length 9-14 mm.

A large series of specimens from Texas collected
and reared from carrion by F. C. Bishopp and asso-
ciates. In the Hough collection there are several
specimens from Texas collected by Schaupp. Speci-
mens from other regions are as follows:

One from San Jose del Cabo, Cal. (Plough col-
lection) ; one from Coronado Ids., Lower California
(Professor Cockerell) ; three Pasadena and three San
Gabriel Mts., Cal. (Grinnell) ; one Wilhams, Ariz.
(National Museum) ; one Yuma, Ariz. (Professor
Hine) ; three Nassau, Bahamas, December 12 and
13, 1912, collected by Frederick Knab (National
Musemn) ; three Cuba, near Pinar del Rio, Septem-
ber, 1913 (Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist) ; one Mayaguez,
Porto Rico, collected by C. W, Hooker (Nat'l
Mus.) ; one Seattle, Wash. (Plough collection) ; one
specimen (National Museum) bearing the Bureau of
Entomology label "No. 5477 issued June 1, 1892."

Holotype.— Male, No. 20566, U. S, N. M., from
Victoria, Texas, bred from decaying meat.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20566, U. S. N. M.,
from same place.

Mr. Bishopp says in regard to the habits (in a
letter), "A number of lots were bred from carcasses
of animals and exposed beef."

No. 129. Sarcophaga bakeri n. sp.

Male. Similar to assidua but with the. following
differences :

Front .216 of head (average of five,— .209, .210,
,215, .217, .227) ; parafrontals and parafacials gray
poUinose, without a tinge of yellow; scutellum with
a pair of rather small apical bristles.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 271

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated ; fourth seg-
ment largely black, only the apical third to half red;
forceps dark yellow, tips blackish; viewed from be-
hind they are somewhat widely separated and taper
to a sharp point ; viewed from the side they are rather
straight, the terminal part quite thin, with a sharp
tip bending slightly forward; accessory plate yellow,
large, subtriangular, but the basal angles consider-
ably rounded ; posterior clasper yellow, slender, erect,
hooked forward at tip ; anterior clasper very stout at
base, yellow with brownish tip which is rather wide
and thin, sharp, but not much hooked; penis yellow,
the apical part brown; its structure is quite simple
except for the striking and characteristic modifica-
tion of the transverse front plate. In this case the
plate, arising near the middle of the front side, bends
apically and divides, the two tips curving toward the
base and widely diverging, and bordered all the way
along the front by a very distinct fringe of short
spines; thus in the side view the plate is something
the shape of S but when viewed from in front it is
more like a W. The fifth sternite is dark yellow,
deeply cleft, not divergent, but the arms do not stand
out prominently as in most of the species of this
group.

Legs black.

Female. Front .303 of head (average of five, —
.296, .300, .304, .307, .310); parafrontals and para-
facials gray, the former with a slight tinge of yellow.
Scutellum without apical bristles ; middle femur with-
out comb; genital segment red.

Length 5-7 mm.

Fifteen males and seven females. Twelve males
and all the females are from Plavana, Cuba, collected
by Professor C. F. Baker (Aldrich) ; one male from
Nassau, Bahamas, December 14, 1912, collected by
Frederick Knab (U. S. N. M.) ; one male Chapada,
Brazil, collected by H. H. Smith and presented to
me by Professor WilHston; one male, Ecuador, col-
lected by H. A. Parish, in mv collection.

272 THOMAS SAY FOUXDATIOX

Named in honor of Charles Fuller Baker, Pro-
fessor in the University of the Philippines, whose pro-
digious industry in collecting is equaled only by the
generosity with which he places his material in the
hands of specialists throughout the world.

Holotype and allotj^pe. — ^Male and female^ No.
20567, U. S. N. M., from Havana, Cuba.

No. 130. Sarcophaga hamata n. sp.

Male. Front .198 of head (average of three, —
.191, .193, .211) ; parafrontals and parafacials gray
poUinose with a tinge of yellow, especially below ; the
former are rather uniformly covered with coarse hairs,
the latter with a considerable number of small bris-
tles, irregularly placed, which extend upon the trans-
verse impression ; frontal stripe blackish ; frontal bris-
tles about 15 in number, abruptly and very widely
divergent below, reaching below the ])ase of the sec-
ond antennal joint; ocellars well developed; outer
verticals wanting; antennae blackish, third joint bare-
ly twice the second, reaching three-fourths of the way
to the vibriss£e, which are a little above the oral mi.ar-
gin; facialia forming prominent ridges, hairy nearly
halfway above the vibrissa?; palpi and proboscis black,
ordinary; bucca nearly one-half the eyeheight, with
black hairs extending behind the suture ; back of head
with three to four rows of black hairs, the middle part
and below with whitish ones.

Thorax gray pollinose with the usual three to
five black stripes ; submedian gray stripes divided for
more than half their length; ps dc two large and two
small; ant acr distinct but not very striking; prsc one
large ; stpl three or four ; scutellum with two or three
pairs of marginals, one pair rather large preapicals
and one pair medium sized apicals.

Abdomen yellowish-gray pollinose, tessellated,
with a median dark stripe; fourtli segment reddish
along the hind edge; first and second segment with
only lateral bristles; third with a median marginal
pair; fourth with the usual marginal row, about 16;

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 273

fifth sternite yellowish-brown, not widely divergent,
with rather dense black hairs on the opposing sur-
faces.

Hypopygium small, yellow; first segment re-
tracted, with a row of slender bristles behind ; second
segment rather flat, shining, with erect black hairs;
forceps shining, blackish brown, the free part stand-
ing at right angles to the attached base, smooth and
shining, but with a few minute granulations behind.
Viewed from behind they are separated from the
base nearly to the apex by a uniform space, then
obliquely truncate ; in profile thej^ are nearly straight
almost to the tip, where they make a ratlier sharp
bend forward to an acute point. Accessory plate
shining brownish-black, rather boat-shaped, straight;
in the figure this plate is viewed obliquely, hence
seems narrower than it really is. Posterior claspers
small, brown, rapidly tapering, with a small semi-
circular excision in front just before the tip; anterior
claspers smaller and more curved, also brown; penis
with prominent brown basal joint; distal segment
shining brownish black, rather boat-shaped, straight
on the front margin ; near the apex on the hind side a
long erect recurved hook arises, the tip of which is
divided into two laterally divergent parts; this hook
arises from a deep emargination in the tip of the back
plate. On the front side just before the tip there is
a tubular prolongation bordered by a somewhat dou-
ble curved flap which bears minute booklets upon its
surface.

Legs black; middle femur with comb; middle
tibia with two bristles on outer front side ; hind tibise
rather strongly ciliate on the outer hind edge, not
villous.

Wings subhyaline; no costal spine; third costal
segment longer than fifth; first vein bare; third
bristly halfway to crossvein.

Length 8.5-14 mm.

Three males ; two from Opelousas, La., and one
from Tifton, Ga., all in the Hough collection.

274 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Holotype. — In the Hough collection; paratype
male, No. 20570, U. S. N. M., from Tifton, Ga.-

The relationships of this species are evidently
with Nos. 47, 51, 5Q, all of which have the recurved
hook on the back of the penis.

No. 131. Sarcophaga xanthosoma n. sp.

Male. Like assidua except in the following
characters: Parafrontals and parafacials, posterior
orbit of eye and front of bucca golden pollinose, the
same color on the pollen above and below the lateral
suture of the thorax, and on the sides of the second,
third and fourth abdominal segments. Scutellmn
with a pair of small marginal bristles; fifth sternite
standing up prominently, divided but not divergent,
with a slender yellow point on each side of the division
at hind angle, bearing a few small black hairs: from
the base of these points the lateral parts are wide, yel-
low, and quite conspicuous.

Hypopygium red with yellow pollen; first seg-
ment Math a row of long bristles behind ; forceps yeX-
low, straight, tapering, with shining black tips.
Viewed from behind they are rather uniformly sepa-
rated in all their length, obliquely truncate, with a
minute angle on the outer side, the inner side long-
est; accessory plate triangular, the free angle slight-
ly drawn out; posterior clasper brownish, somewhat
stout at the base, the tip considerably hooked for-
ward; anterior clasper yellow, erect, stout, the apex
turned forward, thin and straight; penis with a single
segment, reddish in color, apex brownish; the back
plate has on each side near the base a conspicuous lobe
pointing forward, characteristic of the assidua group ;
the transverse plate on the front is bent toward the
apex and extends about as far as the tip of the organ ;
on the two sides near the apex it gives off a branch
extending forward and with tips bending toward the
base. The front side of this is covered with scattered
spines suggesting the structure in hakeri.

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 275

Legs black; middle and hind tibiae a little pice-
ous; middle femur with a comb of only four or five
conspicuous flattened spines below near the tip ; mid-
dle tibia with one bristle on outer front side; hind
tibia not villous.

Length 7 mm.

One male, Los Amates, Guatemala, February
18-28, 1905, collected by Professor Hine.

Holotype. — In the collection of Professor Jas.
S, Hine.

No. 132. Sarcophaga utilis Aid,

Aldrich, Jour. Econ. Ent., viii, 19 15, 151, fig. — Logans-
port, Ind., etc. ; bred from pupa of Allorhina nitida
by D. E. Fink, at Norfolk, Va.

Male. Front .283 of head (average of five, —
.273, .276, .281, .286, .300) ; parafrontals and para-
facials silvery, the latter with a slight tinge of yel-
low and bearing the usual hairs, which are somewhat
coarse. Opposite the base of the antennae the pollen
has a changeable dark spot. Frontal stripe wide and
black; frontal bristles about 10, widely diverging be-
low and reaching below the middle of the second an-
tennal joint; antennae black, the third joint 2^
times the second, reaching three-fourths of the way
to the vibrissas, which are at the oral margin ; ocellars
distinct ; outer verticals strongly developed, nearly as
large as the inner; palpi and proboscis black, ordi-
nary. Bucca fully one-half the eyeheight, with black
hair as far as the metacephalic suture. Back of head
with three rows of black hairs, rather irregular, the
middle part and below with whitish beard.

Thorax with gray or somewhat glaucous pollen
and three to five black stripes. The submedian gray
stripes are narrowly divided; ps dc four or five, only
the hindmost two large; ant acr none; prsc one; stpl
three; scutellum with the usual two marginals, one
preapical and one small apical.

Abdomen grayish pollinose, strongly tessellated,
with a black median stripe and a shifting black stripe

276 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

each side ; the hind edge of the fourth segment decid-
edly red ; first two segments with only lateral bristles ;
the third with median marginal pair and one lateral;
the fourth with a marginal row of about 16 ; fifth ster-
nite brown at base, with yellow, smooth, bare plate-
like sides, the bases angulated and bearing a few
black hairs, the opening V-shaped but somewhat
rounded at the bottom.

Hypopygium red; first segment more or less
brownish, poUinose; generally without bristles be-
hind ; second shining yellow, globose, not bristly ; for-
ceps red, tips black, clothed with black hairs on the
attached part, around the tips with a very character-
istic cluster of short erect brownish or reddish hairs.
The tip is bent forward in a small hook but the gen-
eral shape of the forceps is straight. Accessory plate
yellow, the edge next the forceps thin, shining, drawn
out into a flat hook. Both pairs of claspers black,
shining, rather straight or only moderately hooked;
penis brown or reddish, very complex and almost in-
variably covered with a gelatinous substance making
its parts difficult to discern; the basal lobe is red and
of medium size, the distal one is large, mostly reddish,
bearing on the front side a long, complicated subdi-
vision which sometimes stands out very distinctly and
in other cases is closely applied.

Legs black; femora stout; middle femur with al-
most comblike bristles below; middle tibia with two
stout bristles on the outer front side; hind tibia not
villous.

Wings subhyaline; no costal spine; third costal
segment longer than the fifth ; first vein bare ; third
with a few hairs; apical cell widely open a consider-
able distance before the tip of the wing.

Female. Front ,321 of head (average of five, —
.294, .317, .317, .322, .357), with the usual orbitals;
outer verticals as in male. Scutellum without apical
bristles. Genital segment red, shining, the opening

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 277

in an inverted V shape, with a strong row of bristles
each side of the upper part.

Length 11 to 14 mm.

Twelve males, four females. Five males and
one female are from Logansport and La Fayette,
Ind. (Aldrich) ; two males, Germantown and Wer-
nersville, Pa. (Harbeck) ; one male Agricultural
College, Mich.; one male Kushla, Ala. (Sturtevant) ;
two males and one female, Tifton, Ga. (Hough col-
lection) ; one female Brookings, S. D. (Hough col-
lection) ; one female Pullman, 111.; one male Belts-
ville, Md., reared by W. .R. Walton from a dead
specimen of Geotrupes splendidus.

Two males and two females of the typical mate-
rial have already been deposited in the National
Museum and are not here included. Some specimens
ill the typical lot have been ascertained to belong to
bishoppi (q. v.) and are not included; the difference
is most readily seen in the distinctly yellow palpi of
the latter species.

Other females are no doubt at hand, but it is dif-
ficult to separate them from those of sarracenioides,
bred females of which seem to have every character
of those of utilis; impar is also very much the same
in the female.

Type. — Male, in U. S. N. M., from Logansport,
Ind.

Note. — A male received later was reared by F.
M. Jones from a larva in the cup of Sarracenia at
Theodore, Ala.; in common with Mr. Sturtevant's
male from Kushla, Ala., it shows a varietal difference
ill having the palpi yellowish at tip and the forceps in
profile with a deep, rounded notch behind. If further
collection shall show these differences constantly asso-
ciated with the habit of breeding in Sarracenia cups,
as seems probable, this form will be well worthy of a
varietal name.

278 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

No. 133. Sarcophaga cistudinis n, sp.

Male. Front .281 of head in holotype, but this
is shghtly shrunken; the other male gives .323; which
is normal. Parafrontals and parafacials gray polli-
nose, with changeable spot opposite the antennas;
frontal stripe dark red, rather broad; frontal bristles
about 13 in number, short, scarcely divergent ante-
riorly and only reaching as far as the base of the
second antennal joint; ocellar bristles distinct, with
a considerable series of coarse hairs upon and behind
the ocellar triangle ; outer vertical bristles slightly dif-
ferentiated; parafacials with only a few inconspicu-
ous hairs; antennae brownish black, the third joint
less than twice the second, reaching three-fourths of
the way to the vibrissfE, which are at the oral margin;
arista notably short, especially the bare tip, which
hardly projects beyond the long plumosity; palpi and
proboscis black, ordinary; bucca one-half the eye-
height, with black hairs, including most of those be-
hind the suture; back of head with several rows of
black hairs and a few pale ones around the neck and
below it.

Thorax with rather glaucous pollen and the
usual three to five black stripes ; ps dc two large ; ant
acr hardly differentiated; prsc one large; stpl three
or four; scutellum with three marginals; one pre-
apical and no apicals.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with
median dark stripe; fourth segment entirely yellow
in ground color, including the sides and below; first
and second segments with only lateral bristles; third
with a dense marginal row of rather short bristles,
more than 20; fourth with a row of about 18, which
are placed a little away from the hind margin; fifth
sternite yellow, the sides not very divergent, with
rounded lobe on each side, which is of the same color
and not strikingly hairy.

Hypopygium small; first segment yellow, quite
retracted, with a row of rather strong bristles along
the hind margin; second segment yellow, with rather

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 279

dense black hair; forceps brown, small; from behind
they are uniformly divergent and tapering to a point ;
in profile they curve gently forward, tapering to a
point; accessory plate swollen, yellow, with a promi-
nent pointed free end; posterior clasper rather slen-
der, strongly curved, with blunt tip ; anterior clasper
a little lighter in color, stout at base, with a very slen-
der sharp tip, which is strongly curved downward;
penis with simple slender brown basal joint, the dis-
tal one swollen, rather globose, very simple, with a
pair of lobes in front, the tips of which are curved
toward the apex of the segment ; the basal part of the
distal segment is almost transparent.

Legs black; front femur with a comb below on
the apical half of the anterior side ; middle femur with
comb both in front and behind on the lower side ; hind
femur also with strong rows of bristles below, hardly
forming combs; middle tibia with three bristles on
the outer front side; hind tibia without villosity.

Wings hyaline ; no costal spine ; third costal seg-
ment shorter than fifth; first vein bare, third with a
few hairs at base.

Female: Front .398 of head (average of two, —
.392 and .405) . Orbitals and outer verticals present;
third antennal joint quite short and rounded; genital
segments entirely yellow, no specialized larvipositor
present; femur without comb although with rather
numerous small bristles.

Length 8-10 mm.

Two males and two females. One male, the
holotype, received from Wm. T. Davis with the fol-
lowing label "From larva bred in sore in side of box
turtle, Plainfield, N. J., hatched June, 1912. W.
DeW. Miller, col."

One male, two females, in the Hough collection
without label.

Holotype and allotype. — Male and female, in
collection of Wm. T. Davis.

Regarding the occurrence of Sarcophaga larvae
in swellings in the skin of box turtles (Cistudo) the

280 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

following literature is in existence but no species has
ever been determined.

1882. Packard, A. S. Bot fly larvae in a turtle's neck.

Amer, Nat., xvi, 598, figs.
1890. Wheeler, Wm. M. A species of bot fly, parasite

of the box turtle. Psyche, vil. v, 403.
1904. Emerton, J. H. A dipterous parasite of the box

turtle. Psyche, vol. xi, 34.
1912. Kepner, Wm. A. The larva of Sarcophaga, a

parasite of Cistudo Carolina and the histology of its

respiratory apparatus. Biological Bulletin 22, 163-

170, 2 pis.

No. 134. Sarcophaga galeata n. sp.

Male. Front .180 of head (average of two, —
.170 and .190) ; parafrontals and parafacials golden
yellow pollinose, which color extends to the front part
of the bucca but does not include the Iiind margin of
the eye; frontal stripe narrow and sharply defined,
dark brown; frontal bristles about 11, moderately but
not abruptly divergent below, reaching to the middle
of the second antennal joint; ocellars present, outer
verticals absent; the hairs next the eye on the para-
facials are present but slender; antennee black, the
third joint nearly three times the second, reaching
four-fifths of the way to the vibrissse, which are at the
oral margin; arista plumose for about two-thirds of
its length; palpi and proboscis black, shining; bucca
one-fourth the eyeheight, with black hairs which ex-
tend well behind the suture ; back of head with three
rows of black hairs, the middle part bearing whitish
ones which are not very distinct below.

Thorax gray pollinose, with three to five very
distinct black stripes ; ps dc two large and two small ;
ant acr hardly differentiated; prsc one small; stpl
three; scutellum with three marginals (intermediate
small), one small preapical and no apicals.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with
median black stripe; fourth segment red except at
base ; first and second segments with only lateral bris-
tles; third with a pair of median marginals rather

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 281

poorly developed; fourth with a marginal row of
about 20; fifth sternite yellow, conspicuous, broadly
V-shaped, the tips of the divergent arms bearing
minute blackish bristles.

Hypopygium yellow; first segment yellow polli-
nose, with a conspicuous hump near the base and a
row of black bristles at the hind margin; second seg-
ment with yellow pollen and erect black hairs, two of
which are bristlelike; forceps reddish except the ex-
treme tip and outer margin ; viewed from behind they
are not at all divergent but seem to form almost a
single organ coming to a sharp tip, rather crenulate
on the edge; in side view they are approximately
straight but the crenulation is still distinct; the ex-
treme tip is hooked slightly forward; accessory plate
rather broadly rounded, yellow, the edge next the for-
ceps thin and semitransparent, a little expanded;
posterior clasper yellow, bordered with black, erect,
with a semicircular excision under the tip; anterior
clasper very stout, the apical half black, the tip
straight and sharp, cut away obliquely beneath to a
second point, from which the outline curves sharply
to the base ; viewed from behind there is a prominent
hump or ridge at about the middle of the outer side.
Penis large and complicated, its basal joint short and
not distinguishable, the distal segment yellow basally,
mostly brown toward the apex. The back plate is
deeply split into two divergent lobes apically; be-
tween these a keel arises from which, toward the tip,
a pale membrane spreads out each way, its attach-
ment extending forward upon the protuberant front
part. The extreme apex is in the form of a round
rim encircling a deep hole; on the front side of the
segment near its base there is a concave transverse
plate, seemingly undivided, of which the lateral edge
is prolonged each way into a point curving backward
and apically.

Legs black ; middle femur with short comb ; mid-
dle tibia with one bristle on outer front side; hind
tibia not villous.

282 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Wings subhyaline; no costal spine; third costal
segment almost equal to the fifth; first vein bare;
third vein hairy almost to the crossvein.

Length 7.5 mm.

Five males, La Fayette and Crawfordsville, Ind.
(Aldrich) ; one male, Miami, Fla. (C. W. Johnson).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20568, U, S. N. M., from
La Fayette, Ind.

No. 135. Sarcophaga australis n. sp.

Male. Front .208 of head (average of five, —
.197, .201, .202, .210, .229). Very similar to assidua
except in the following particulars: Parafrontals
and parafacials very deep golden pollinose, which ex-
tends to the front half or more of the bucca; behind
the eye is a narrow pollinose border which has a yel-
lowish tinge; the pollen of the abdomen noticeably
yellow, on the fourth segment deep golden, and ap-
parently the ground color of this segment is yellow;
both segments of the hypopygium yellow and densely
pollinose ; the forceps viewed from behind are moder-
ately separated but not divergent, at the tip broadly
rounded with a slight angle at the outer edge, which
projects backward more than laterally. The forceps
are broad and not narrowed toward the tip ; they are
yellow except for a narrow space at the apex ; viewed
in profile the front side is nearly straight; accessory
plate yellow, large, rounded, the margin rather thin;
posterior clasper black at tip, straight, erect and ex-
cised on the front side at the apex; anterior clasper
very stout, yellow except the apical third, which is
shining black and tapers suddenly to a slender,
straight, sharp point; penis apparently single jointed,
yellow except the apex and some of the appendages.
The back plate is developed into a prominent, erect
lobe on the middle line close to the apex and near its
base on each side it extends forward in a conspicuous
angle ; the transverse plate attached to the front of the
organ near its middle has a very complex form, the
principal feature being a pair of thin, curved arms

SAKCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 283

each of which extends forward into a sharp point near
the middle hne, thence continues backward in a wide
curve with a serrated edge toward but not reaching
the subapical lobe of the back plate. The hind part
of this plate is lighter colored but still has a dark mar-
gin. The apex of the organ is rather truncate and on
its acute front angle bears a few small teeth.

Legs black.

Length 8-9 mm.

Seven males. One from San Jose, Costa Rica,
and one from Panama, collected by Mr. Sturtevant;
four specimens from Peru, S. A., collected by H. A.
Parish (Aldrich), and one from Colombia, S. A., col-
lected by Charles Wilhelm (Aldrich).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20569, U. S. N. M., from
Peru-
No. 136. Sarcophaga timida n. sp.

Male. Front .188 of head; parafrontals and
parafacials golden yellow poUinose, with smooth,
satiny appearance and almost devoid of hairs, al-
though there are a few in the usual place on the para-
facial; frontal stripe red below and black above, very
sharply defined, rather narrow; frontal bristles about
11, not much divergent below but reaching about to
the middle of the second antennal joint; ocellars dis-
tinct; outer verticals absent; antennae blackish, third
joint 2I4 times the second, reaching four-fifths of the
way to the vibrissa, which are at the oral margin;
arista long-plumose for nearly two-thirds of its
length; facialia black; middle of face gray; palpi and
proboscis black, ordinary; bucca one-third the eye-
height, its front half golden pollinose, hairs black to
the suture; back of head with apparently three rows
of black hairs, in the middle with yellowish ones which
extend below on the bucca as far as the metacephalic
suture; eyes bordered behind with a narrow band of
yellow pollen.

Thorax gray pollinose, with three to five black
stripes, the three intermediate ones sharply defined

284 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

when viewed from behind ; ps dc two large and two
small; ant acr barely differentiated from the coarse
hairs around them ; prsc one medium ; stpl three ; scu-
tellum with three pairs of marginals (intermediate
one small), one preapical, rather small, and no
apicals.

Abdomen whitish-gray pollinose with conspicu-
ous tessellation; fourth segment almost entirely red
in ground color; first and second segments with only
lateral bristles; third with a median marginal pair;
fourth with a marginal row of about a dozen, dimin-
ishing on tlie sides; fifth sternite in the form of two
erect narrow lobes standing out from the abdomen,
not divergent, fringed with only moderate hairs, yel-
lowish-brown in color.

Hypopygium yellow; first segment rather large,
yellow pollinose, with a row of 6 or 8 stout bristles
behind; second segment also with yellow pollen, glo-
bose, not very hairy; forceps reddish at base, the tips
becoming black ; viewed from behind they are slightly
divergent at the tips only and obliquely truncate,
with the inner side longest; in profile they are nearly
straight, widening a little near the tip and slightly
angulated on the hind edge, the apex turned slightly
forward; accessory plate yellow, of moderate size,
almost equilateral; posterior clasper slender, rather
straight, yellow at base with black tip; the figure
shows it turned to the side, a position which it nat-
urally assumes when the penis is protruded as far as
possible; anterior clasper much stouter, black, flat,
rounded, the tip turned outward, below it a rather
deep notch; penis with a very short basal segment
which would ordinarily be invisible; the distal seg-
ment long and complicated; its base is thick, then
deeply cut in on the front side and bearing laterally
a pointed flap at the narrowest place; beyond this is
a wide, complex transverse plate, apparently undi-
vided, of which the middle part forms a distinct black
point projecting forward; at some distance laterally
from this there is on each side a slender, sharp black

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 285

point arising from the front edge of the plate; still
further to the side there is a winglike paler diagonal
expansion of the plate, the back edge of which comes
in contact with the body of the segment; the apical
part of the segment is simple and rounded.

Legs black ; middle femur with short but distinct
comb below ; middle tibia with one bristle on the outer
front side; hind tibia not villous, but still bearing on
the outer front edge three or four little suberect hairs.

Wings hyaline, no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment longer than fifth; first vein bare; third hairy
almost to the crossvein.

One male, Puerto Barrios, Guatemala, March
5, 190o, collected by Professor Hine.

Length 8.5 mm.

Holotype. — Male, in collection of Professor Jas.
S. Hine.

No. 137. Sarcophaga assidua Walk.

Walker, Dipt. Saunders., 328. — U. S.
Howard, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., ii, 566, figs, and life his-
tory ; bred from human excrement.
Morgan, Bull. 30, n. ser., Div. Ent., 1901, 25, figs. Bred
from Melanoplns differentialis in Mississippi ; deter-
mined by Coquillett.
Herms, Jour. Exp. Zoology, iv, 45-83. Biology; larvae

feed on dead fish on the shore of L. Erie.
Pratt, Can. Ent., xliv, 181, bred from cow manure. —

Texas.
Johnson, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, xxxii, 75, occurs

in Fla.
Johnson, Annals Ent. Soc. Amer., vi, 447, occurs in Ber-
muda.
Male. Front .199 of head (average of five,—
.190, .196, .198, .202, .208) ; parafrontals and para-
facials golden yellow, the same color extending upon
the front part of the bucca but not behind the eye;
frontal stripe blackish, well defined; frontal bristles
divergent moderately, but not abruptly in front,
reaching about to the middle of the second antennal
joint; ocellar bristles distinct; outer verticals not de-
veloped; antennae black, third joint 2^/2 times the

286 THOMAS SAY FOUXDATIOX

second, reaching five-sixths of the way to the vibriss^e,
which are at the oral margin; arista long-plumose
for about two-thirds of its length ; f acialia black, mid-
dle of face gray or slightly yellow; palpi and pro-
boscis black, ordinary; bucca one-fourth the eye-
height, with black hairs, which distinctly extend back
of the metacephalic suture; back of head with three
rows of black hairs, a few whitish hairs in the middle,
not conspicuous below.

Thorax densely gray pollinose, with the usual
three to five black stripes; ps dc two large and two
small; ant acr distinctly developed; prsc one pair
medium; stpl three; scutellum with three marginals
(intermediate small) one preapical of moderate size
and no apicals.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with a
median black stripe; fourth segment red in ground
color except along the base; first and second seg-
ments with only lateral bristles; third with median
marginal pair and fourth with marginal row of about
14, diminishing on the sides; fifth sternite yellow, the
sides not divergent, forming a pair of tapering and
pointed tips which stand up conspicuously, each bear-
ing a few black hairs apically.

Hypopygium yellow; basal segment covered
with yellow pollen, bearing a subapical row of bris-
tles ; second segment also with yellow pollen and bear-
ing a few hairs, of which one pair are bristly ; forceps
yellow, becoming black near the tips; viewed from
behind the free part is narrow and necklike at tlie
base, diverging and widening rapidly further on, end-
ing in a rather blunt point. Viewed from the side
there is a rather distinct angle behind, a little before
the tip and one in front still nearer; accessory plate
yellow, triangular, the hind margin thin and semi-
transparent; posterior clasper brown toward the tip,
straight, bearing a moderate hook at the apex; an-
terior clasper long, erect, yellow, strongly bent near
the middle, the tip black, flat, straight, sharp in pro-
file; penis apparently single- jointed, yellow, the basal

SARCOPIIAGA AND ALLIES 287

part globose in front, with a distinct hump behind,
beyond this slender, with a lateral sharp lobe pointing
forward at each side; the back plate, during the re-
mainder of its course, is comparatively simple, rather
keel-like toward the apex, wliich is slightly notched
longitudinally. At about the middle of the front
side of the penis there is a complicated concave trans-
verse plate M^hich bears apically two black roughened
processes expanding laterally like wings. This struc-
ture is shown in the figiu'e standing out almost at
right angles to the body of the penis, but it is jointed
at the base and frequently lies more or less against the
front surface.

Legs varying in color from black to red; the
tarsi, however, and usually the entire front legs are
black; middle femur with a very short but distinct
comb; middle tibia with a single bristle on the front
side ; hind tibia not villous.

Wings hyaline; no costal spine; third costal seg-
ment about equal to the fifth; first vein bare; third
with coarse hairs almost to the crossvein.

Female. Front .298 of head (average of five, —
.279, .288, .294, .299, .312), with the usual orbitals
and outer verticals. The median marginal bristles
of the third abdominal segment are often weak or
wanting. Genital segment yellow, pollinose above,
generally folding together so as to cover the remain-
ing parts which show no visible special structure.

Length, 6.5-7.5 mm.

Numerous males and females, mostly belonging
to the National Museum. One series of 11 specimens
from the C. V. Riley collection, Nos. 4285-8 and
4285-9, were reared from cow manure, August, 1889,
at Washington, D. C.

The material was mostly collected around Wash-
ington, D. C, and La Fayette, Ind. There are, how-
ever, a male from Mexico City, January 4, 1915, R.
H. Van Zwalenburg, in the National Museum col-
lection, and a female from Lockbourne, Ohio, from
Professor Hine. A long series from Texas (C. F.

288 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

Bishopp ) , some bred from cow manure, horse manure
and straw.

It is possible that some of the references cited
at the beginning of the description may not refer to
this species, as it belongs to a group which are closely-
related and have not hitherto been separated. The
rearing from a grasshopper, unless from a dead and
decaying one, looks unlikely.

Walker's description seems fairly applicable to
this sj)ecies, especially as he mentions the red-legged
form.

The series of species including galeata, australis,
timida, assidua, cingarus, cidminata, peltata. xantlio-
soma and haheri form what may be called the assidua
group, closely related species, mostly southern, which
appear to be readily separable on genitalic charac-
ters. One of these, peltata, has perceptible villosity
on the hind tibiae; two of them, bakeri and ocantJio-
soma, have a small pair of apical bristles on the scu-
tellum. The South American material in the writer's
collection shows still other members of this group,
and it is very probable that further collecting will add
to the nmnber in tropical parts of North America.
It will be a matter of considerable time and care to
correctly associate the females with these various
species.

No. 138. Sarcophaga cingarus n. sp.

Male. Front .172 of head (average of three, —
.171, .170 and .17.5). Like assidua except as follows:
Parafrontals and parafacials more deep golden poUi-
nose, which color extends to the front part of the
bucca; fifth sternite with two narrow yellow lobes,
parallel but rather far apart, with short tips covered
with short black hairs; forceps viewed from behind
not at all separated from each other; tips truncate
obliquely; in profile nearly straight, with a small
point a little back of the apex on the outer edge;
accessory plate yellow, triangular, rather large; pos-
terior clasper brown, rather straight, stout; when

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 289

viewed from behind the wide apex is deeply excised
on the inner side, the outer angle remaining hooklike ;
anterior clasper yellow on the basal half, the rest
black, closely applied to the basal part of the penis,
their tips diverging laterally, not much elongated,
not with distinct point; penis single- jointed, brown
with black apex and front plate; the back plate is
deeply channeled on the middle line, its sides form-
ing two high ridges which bend considerably forward ;
the front plate is thick and swollen and shining black
on the sides with concave middle and a recurved, yel-
lowish, smooth horn projecting out at each side of
its apex; tip of penis is considerably tilted forward
with a rather long snoutlike end, and is distinctly
divided on the median line.

Legs black.

Female. Golden pollen of front and face as in
male. Legs black. Otherwise closely resembling
female of assidua.

Length 7I4 mm.

Five males, two females. One of each sex from
Natrona, Pa. (Aldrich) ; one of each sex Columbia,
S. C. (Dr. F. A. Coward) ; one male Greene County,
New York (Carnegie Museum) ; one male Riverton,
N. J. (C. W. Johnson) ; one male La Fayette, Ind.
(Aldrich).

Holotype.— Male, No. 20569, U. S. N. M., from
Natrona, Pa.

Allotype.— Female, No. 20569, U. S. N. M.,
from Columbia, S. C.

No. 139. Sarcophaga culminata n. sp.

Male. Front .178 of head. Like assidua except
in the following characters: Parafrontals and para-
facials deep golden, which extends behind the eye and
on the front half of the bucca.

Abdomen gray pollinose, the fourth segment red
on the hind margin. Legs black.

Hypopygium red, pollinose ; first segment rathef
large, with a conspicuous hump in profile and a half

290 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

dozen stout bristles in a row behind; forceps red, the
apical part shining black; viewed from behind they
are not at all divergent, the free part is narrower at
the base, widening with an angle on the outer side;
the apices sharp and close together. In profile the
free part bends back considerably to the point of an-
gulation behind, then slightly forward to the apex;
just back of the extreme tip but not extending to the
hind angle there is a striking tuft of small black erect
hairs; accessory plate yellow, large, triangular, with
angles rounded; posterior clasper reddish, the tip
blackened, rather straight, not much hooked; an-
terior clasper red at base, the tip black, stout, strongly
curved forward but not very long, rather flat at apex ;
penis one- jointed, reddish brown, the back plate mod-
erately grooved along its middle, and near the base
with a conspicuous point extending forward on each
side; the transverse front plate which is so character-
istic in this group is rather yellow at base, bending in
an angle toward the apex, its sides developed into a
thin and somewhat rolled-up margin; its apical part
forming two widely divergent black lobes; fifth ster-
nite very inconspicuous, not diverging and not pro-
vided with noticeable hairs.

Length 8.5 mm.

One male, Mayaguez, Porto Rico, June 24-29,
1914.

Holotype. — In American Museum of Natural
History, New York City.

No. 140. Sarcophaga fissa n. sp.

Male. Front .300 of head (average of two, —
.298 and .303) ; parafrontals and parafacials wide,
silvery, with a slight yellowish tinge, the latter with
a few small hairs near the eye, the former nearly
bare; ocellars long; outer verticals present; frontal
stripe narrow, not very sharply defined ; frontal bris-
tles about 8, not diverging in front, reaching to the
base of the second antennal joint; two or three of the
uppermost frontals are stout and reclinate; antennae

S^VRCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 291

blackish, the third joint 2^/0 times the second, reach-
ing three-fourths of the way to the vibrissie, which are
at the oral margin; arista plumose for about two-
thirds its length ; palpi and proboscis black, ordinary ;
bucca one-third the eyeheight, pollinose with a yellow-
ish tinge in front, covered with mostly pale hairs;
back of head with two rows of black hairs behind the
eye, both of which run out before they reacli the
lower edge of the eye; the rest of the area covered
with pale hairs, which are conspicuous below.

Thorax yellowish gray pollinose, with 3 to
5 black stripes ; ps dc four, of which the foremost two
are small and one of them hardly larger than a hair;
ant acr none ; prsc small or almost absent ; stpl three ;
scutellum with two large marginals, one smallish sub-
apical and no apicals.

Abdomen very large behind and truncate on
account of the peculiar shape of hypopygium, tessel-
lated, with yellowish gray pollen, no distinct median
stripe; fourth segment and sides of the others rather
reddish in ground color; first and second segments
with only lateral bristles ; third with median marginal
pair ; fourth with a marginal row^ of which only about
8 are large, the others diminishing below; fifth ster-
nite rather large, reddish brown, the median part
shining, hardly at all divided, with only a slight notch
at the tip, on each side of which is a little swelling.

Hypopygium reddish brown, pollinose, first seg-
ment large, reddish in color and pollinose and flat be-
hind, with a row of delicate bristles along the hind
edge ; second segment smaller, pollinose, a little black-
ish on the sides; forceps very minute, entirely red-
dish-yellow; viewed from behind they are moderately
separated but not distinctly divergent; in profile they
bend strongly backward and have a small hook for-
ward at the tip; accessory plate very minute, trian-
gular; there is a prolongation of the wall of the sec-
ond segment of the hypopygium which nearly occu-
pies the usual position of the accessory plate, but the
plate itself is just at the tip of this structure; both

292 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

clasp ers entirely yellow, the hind one erect, nearly
straight, with a stout hair in front near the apex ; the
front one rather low, the apical part straight. Penis
yellow, the apical part black; no distinct basal seg-
ment ; in profile it is very narrow, near the base widen-
ing rapidly behind; the body of the organ quite mi-
nute; viewed from behind it is seen to be divided on
the median line almost down to the narrow basal
part.

Legs black; middle femur with a comb near the
tip; middle tibia with one stout bristle on the outer
front side ; hind tibia not villous.

Wings hyaline, with a minute costal spine ; third
costal segment about as long as the fifth ; fourth vein
ending considerably before the apex; first and third
veins each with a row of hairs.

Female. Front .362 of head. Orbitals distinct.
In the single specimen there is one smallish median
marginal bristle on the second segment, its mate, how-
ever being scarcely larger than a hair; genital seg-
ment yellow, retracted, inconspicuous. Middle femur
without comb ; middle tibia with two stout bristles on
outer front side.

Length 9-91/2 mm.

Two males and one female. The males from Pt.
Cortez, Honduras, March 23, 1905 (holotype) and
Gualan, Guatemala; the female (allotype) is from
San Jose, Guatemala; all collected by Professor
Hine,

Holotype and allotype. — In collection of Pro-
fessor Jas. S. Hine, from Pt. Cortez and San Jose.

Paratype.— Male, No. 20572, U. S. N. M., from
Gualan.

No. 141. Sarcophaga fimbriata n. sp.

Male. Front .187 of head (average of two, —
.177 and .197) ; parafrontals and parafacials with
golden pollen, which extends to the front of the bucca
and posterior orbit of the eye ; both parafrontals and

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 293

parafacials have very few and delicate hairs; frontal
stripe black, sharply defined; frontal bristles about
seven, rather stout, two or three pairs, partly recli-
nate, the rows moderately but not abruptly divergent
below ; ocellar bristles present, slender ; outer verticals
not differentiated; antennae black, third joint nearly
three times the second, reaching five-sixths of the way
to the vibrissse, which are at the oral margin; arista
plmnose for two-thirds of its length; palpi and pro-
boscis black, ordinary; bucca one-fourth the eye-
height, with black bristles, including some of those
behind the suture; back of head with three rows of
black hairs, those on the middle part pale and cover-
ing most of the metacephalon.

Thorax with bluish-gray pollen and the usual
three to five stripes; ps dc four, the foremost two
small ; ant acr none ; prsc small ; stpl three ; scutellum
with two large marginals and a smallish subapical
pair, but no apicals.

Abdomen tessellated, with bluish-gray pollen;
fourth segment mostly red ; first and second segments
with only lateral bristles; third with a large, erect
median marginal pair; fourth with marginal row of
about 8; fifth sternite mostly concealed, at the base
excised but not divergent for a short distance, then
rather U-shaped.

Hypopygium yellow; first segment pollinose,
with only a few bristles behind ; second segment rather
small, with one pair of noticeable bristles; forceps
quite long and nearly straight; viewed from behind
they are hardly at all divergent and taper to a point ;
from the side they curve very little forward and taper
uniformly; accessory plate yellow, very long, and
rather straight; the front side narrowed toward the
tip, which is rounded and bears minute spines on the
front side; posterior clasper yellow, rather flat and
sinuous in shape, with a long hair arising near the
middle; anterior clasper large, yellow, strongly
hooked; penis very small, the basal joint, however, of
ordinary size, yellow; the distal segment is some-

294 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

what bell-shaped with the rim cut open in front where
there is a small black rounded group of minute or-
gans. On the apex on each side there is a long, pale
yellow, thin margin, bearing a heavy fringe of red-
dish hairs.

Legs black; middle femur without comb; middle
tibia with one stout bristle on the outer front side;
hind tibia somewhat piceous, without villosity.

Wings subhyaline, no costal spine; third costal
segment shorter than the 5th; first and third veins
each with a row of hairs.

Ijcngth 7 mm.

Two males, Portland, Jamaica, collected by C.
W. Johnson (Hough collection).

Holotype. — In Hough collection.

Paratype.— Male, No. 20573, U. S. N. M.

No. 142. Sarcophaga texana n. sp.

Male. Front .232 of head (average of three, —
.224, .231, .240) ; parafrontals and parafacials sil-
very, the former with a slight tinge of yellow, the
latter with a long row of quite distinct and almost
bristly hairs; frontal stripe black, rather narrow, not
very distinct above; frontal bristles about eight, the
lower one moderately divergent; reaching almost to
the middle of the second antennal joint; ocellar bris-
tles strong; outer verticals distinctly developed; an-
tennee brownish black, the third joint a little over
twice the second, reaching four-fifths of the way to
the vibrissae, which are at the oral margin and slightly
approximated; arista with rather short and dense
plumosity for half its length; palpi and proboscis
black, ordinary ; bucca nearly one-third the eyeheight,
with mostly pale hairs; back of head with two rows
of black hairs behind the eye, both of which run out
along the lower orbit.

Thorax gray pollinose, with three to five black
stripes, the middle one slender; ps dc four, the fore-
most very small; ant acr not differentiated; prsc
smallish; stpl three stout; scutellum with three pairs

SARCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 295

of marginals, the intermediate rather small ; one pair
smallish subapicals and no apicals. The edge of the
scutellmn on each side bears a striking patch of dense
short yellowish white hairs (compare S. melampyga).

Abdomen densely gray pollinose, tessellated,
with an indistinct median stripe; fourth segment al-
most wholly red in gromid color; second and third
segments also with a tinge of red; first and second
segments with only lateral bristles; third with a stout
median marginal pair; fourth with a marginal row
of about 16, of which the upper 10 are noticeably
stout at base and almost parallel, the intervening
space partly filled in with a row of hairs along the
two margins which face each other.

Hypopygium red; first segment retracted, pol-
linose, with about six small bristles along the hind
margin; second segment globose, shining red, with
erect hairs, of which a few are somewhat bristly; for-
ceps shining black, long, slender, tapering and strong-
ly curved forward toward the tip. Viewed from be-
hind they are scarcely at all divergent. Accessory
plate short, rounded, blackish; posterior clasper shin-
ing black, suddenly narrowed on the front side at
about the middle, and with a slight notch on the outer
side near the tip; they are erect and the back edge
nearly straight; anterior clasper small, short and al-
most straight, shining black; penis unusually com-
plex; the basal segment almost invisible, the distal
segment with the back edge curved almost in a semi-
circle over the tip; the front edge inflated near the
base and almost transparent; beyond this at about
the middle it is deeply notched in front and from the
notch arises a round, smooth curved process with a
flat and somewhat transparent apex ; the curved apical
portion of the segment is wide and flat and within
its arc there is a thin median brown septum, on each
side of which at its base arises a long lateral process
developing into an irregular membrane. These proc-
esses are very conspicuous when viewed from behind
as shown in figure 142a. Moreover, in the back view

296 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

there is a small but distinct black hook underneath
each of them.

Legs black; middle femur with a very distinct
comb behind; middle tibia Math two bristles on the
outer front side ; hind tibia not villous.

Wing hyaline ; a small costal spine present ; third
costal segment as long as the fifth and sixth together ;
first posterior cell ending quite far before the tip of
the wing. First and third veins each with a row of
hairs.

Female. Front .347 of head (average of three,
— .320, .336, .384) ; orbitals and outer verticals
strong; the patch of yellowish hairs on the edge of
the scutellum at each side is as distinct as in the males,
affording an excellent character for distinguishing
this female.

Fourth abdominal segment almost entirely red,
its posterior edge closing together in all three of the
specimens so that the genital segments are entirely
concealed. Middle femur without comb ; middle tibia
with two stout bristles on outer front side.

Length 7-11 mm.

Four males and three females, from Uvalde, Vic-
toria and Catula, Texas (Bishopp Nos. 2489, 3489,
3546 and 4121). Regarding the larval habits, Mr.
Bishopp writes, "A number of lots bred from car-
casses of animals and exposed beef at Uvalde, Texas,
by D. C. Parman."

Holotype and allotype. Male and female, No.
20574, U. S. N. M., from Uvalde, Texas.

No. 143. Sarcophaga quadrisetosa Ooq.

Coquillett, Ent. News, xii, ly (Helicobia). — Md., Va.,
D. C.

Howard, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., ii, 568, note on habits,
— breeds in human excrement ; Canad. Ent., xxxiii,
44, oc. in Va., breeding in cow manure (id.).

Baker, Inv. Pacif., i, oc. Ormsby Co., Nev., and at Stan-
ford Univ., Cal. (id.).

Pratt, Canad. Ent, xHv, 181 (id.). Dallas and Victoria,
Texas, very common, breeding in cow manure.

Greene, Ent. News, xxii, 384 (id.), oc. Wenonah, N. J.

SAHCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 297

Hunter, Pratt and Mitchell, Bull. 113, Bur. Ent., 49 (id.),

oc. Corpus Christi, Texas.
Johnson, Dipt. Fla., 1913 (id.), oc. Jacksonville, Fla.
Parker, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., xxxv, 60, pi. iv, f. 27;
pi. vii, f. 46 (Ravinia). — Conn, to Cal. ; Porto Rico,
Bermuda, St. Vincent.

Male. Front broad, .288 of head (average of
five, — .276, .280, .292, .296, .298) ; parafrontals and
parafacials yellowish gray pollinose, rather glistening
below, the latter with a minute row of hairs; frontal
stripe broad and blackish; frontal bristles about
seven, somewhat diverging below, reaching to the
middle of the second antennal joint; orbital bristles
distinct; outer verticals wanting; antennse blackish,
third joint fully twice the second, reaching five-sixths
of the way to the vibrissa?, which are at the oral mar-
gin; arista plumose about halfway; palpi and pro-
boscis black, ordinary; bucca one-third the ej'-eheight,
with rather short black hairs, none pale before the
suture ; back of head with three rows of black hairs and
a few pale ones in the middle and below.

Thorax yellowish-gray, pollinose, with three to
five black stripes, which are decidedly brown when
viewed from in front; ps dc four; ant acr well devel-
oped; prsc one smallish; stpl three; scutellum with
two pairs of marginals, one smaller pair subapical
and no apical.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with black
median line ; first and second segments with only lat-
eral bristles; third with a median marginal pair and
some smallish, making out a weak marginal row; fifth
sternite brown, diverging in the form of a wide V,
the tips of which stand out prominently and are
clothed with short black hairs.

Hypopygium rather large; first segment black-
ish, pollinose, with a row of small bristles behind;
second segment usually red, subshining, with a few
bristly hairs behind; forceps yellow about halfway,
the tips shining black. In profile they are straight,
rather slender, evenly tapering to a small hook at the
tip; viewed from behind they are broadly divergent

298 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

from the extreme base, the tips strongly converging so
as to give an elHptical outhne. Accessory plate yel-
low with rounded end, not very prominent ; posterior
clasper straight, erect, yellowish, with a pronounced
hook at the tip; anterior clasper very long, nearly
straight, the tip rather suddenly bent forward and
more slender, but not hooked ; penis with a single seg-
ment, very long and almost cylindrical, yellowish
changing to brown, the apical part bearing a trans-
verse divided plate pointing forward and just beyond
this on each side a shining black process which has a
point projecting forward along the plate and another
projecting outward to the apex, where it almost meets
a corresponding black hooded point arising from the
back plate. Viewed from behind the penis is narrow
nearly to the apeXj then suddenly expands to about
twice its former width.

Legs black; middle femur with a pronounced
comb of flattened spines; middle tibia with a single
bristle on the outer front side; hind tibia without
villosity.

Wing subhyaline, no costal spine; third costal
segment shorter than the fifth; first and third veins
each with a row of hairs.

Female. Front .348 of head (average of five, —
.333, .342, .344, .345, .37.5); orbitals and outer ver-
ticals well developed; frontal stripe very wide; gen-
ital segment red, with rounded orifice guarded by a
few bristles ; middle femur Avithout comb.

Length 6-7I4 i^^i^-

Numerous males and females, Pennsylvania,
South Dakota, Kansas, West Virginia, Georgia,
Florida, Texas. The Hough collection contains
about 1,500 specimens of this and the following spe-
cies. As indicated by the bibliography, this is a very
common excrement-feeding species.

Holotype.— Male, No. 5395, U. S. N. M.

SAKCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 299

No. 144. Sarcophaga latisetosa Park.

Parker, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. xxxv, 63, pi. iv, f. 26;
vii, f. 46 (Ravinia). — Mass., Conn., N. Y., N. J.,
Pa., 111., Canada.

This species so closely resembles quadrisetosa
that a brief mention of the differences will suffice.

The outer vertical bristles are well developed in
the males. The forceps when viewed from behind be-
gin to diverge at about half their extreme length
instead of near the base, and the tips are but little
convergent or even parallel; the posterior clasper is
much longer; the anterior clasper is bent forward
almost at the base and is more slender along the mid-
dle, with a broader tip. The transverse plate near
the end of the penis in front forms a more acute angle
with the body of the organ; the two shining black
processes arising just beyond this plate are much
shorter and the terminal hooks arising from the back
plate are larger, with a cleft apex. The fifth sternite
is generally shining black, somewhat more broadly
excised than in the other species.

Female. There seem to be no tangible differ-
ences separating the female from that of quadrise-
tosa.

Numerous males and females, Massachusetts;
New Jersey; Ohio; Indiana; Illinois; Tennessee;
Moscow, Ida.; Palatka, Fla.

Holotype. — Male, in collection of Massachu-
setts Agricultural College.

This is perhaps only a variety of quadrisetosa;
like the latter, it is an excrement-feeding form.

No. 145. Sarcophaga globulus n, sp.

Male. Front .203 of head (average of five, —
.194, .200, .202, .204, .217) ; parafrontals and para-
facials grayish yellow pollinose, the latter with a row
of delicate hairs below near the eye; frontal stripe
rather broad, blackish; frontal bristles about eight,
moderately divergent below; orbitals distinct; outer
verticals not developed; antennae brown, the third

300 THOMAS SAY FOUNDATION

joint three times the second, reaching five-sixths of
the way to the vibrissse, which are at the oral margin ;
arista long-plumose for about three-fifths of its
length; palpi and proboscis black, the former rather
short and clavate; bucca one-fourth the eyeheight,
with only black hairs before the suture ; back of head
with two or three partly irregular rows of black hairs
and a few pale ones in the middle and below ; the pos-
terior orbit of the eye with decidedly yellow pollen.

Thorax yellowish gray pollinose, with the usual
three to five black stripes, which are brown when
viewed from in front ; the submedian gray stripes are
divided to the suture by a narrow dark line, which
appears light on a dark ground when viewed from
in front; ps dc four, all quite large; ant acr well de-
veloped, three or four pairs ; prsc one paii* ; stpl three ;
scutellum with three marginal pairs, the intermediate
ones small ; one subapical which might in this case be
called subdiscal, and the apicals represented only by
minute hairs.

Abdomen gray pollinose, tessellated, with three
dark stripes not very changeable; first and second
segments with only lateral bristles; third with a
median marginal pair and sometimes a few smallish
ones forming a weak marginal row; fourth segment
hardly at all red on the hind margin, with the usual
marginal row of bristles; fifth sternite blackish on
the exposed part, broadly excised in the shape of a
U, the tips of the arms slightly turned out from the
body but not with noticeable brush or bristles.

Hypopygium yellow, first joint more or less in-
fuscated at the base, pollinose, with a few scattered
bristles near the apex; second segment subshining,
without bristles; forceps reddish yellow except the
tips, which are shining black. Viewed from behind
they are widely divergent near the base and then al-
most parallel ; viewed from the side they curve rather
evenly forward, tapering to a sharp point. Accessory
plate small, yellow, the apex rounded; both claspers
entirely yellow, erect at base and strongly curved for-

SAKCOPHAGA AND ALLIES 301

ward to the flat tip ; the anterior clasper has a process
in front near the base, beyond which it bends forward
very strongly and is elongated and nearly straight,
with a thin margin below near the apex simulating a
second point; the penis is of a single joint, of which
the basal part is long, cylindrical and shining yellow;
bej^ond the middle it is constricted and then expands
into a globular tip which bears a small plate on the
front edge turned back toward the base and closely
applied to the body of the segment; at its apex there
are a few small pointed plates directed forward.

Legs black; middle femur with comb; middle
tibia with one bristle on outer front side; hind tibia
without villosity.

Wing subhyaline; no costal spine; third costal
segment shorter than the fifth; first and third veins
with a row of hairs.

Female. Front .294 of head (average of five, —
.282, .282, .300, .300, .304). Orbitals and outer ver-
ticals distinct. Thorax marked as in the male. The
bristles of the third abdominal segment are appressed
and not very distinct. Genital segment red, without
any peculiar characters ; middle femur without comb.

Length 4-61/2 mm.

Twenty-three specimens of both sexes, Havana,
Cuba. All collected by Professor C. F. Baker and
donated to the writer many years ago.

Holotype and allotype. — Male and female, No.
2057.5, U. S. N. M.

POSTSCRIPT.

When my work was nearly printed, I received permission
from Professor Hine and from the authorities of the Univer-
sity of Chicago to deposit in the National Museum the holo-
types from their collections. Mr. Harbeck and Mr. Sturte-
vant had given the same permission at an earlier date, and I
had made my manuscript conform to this ; but in depositing
the Hine and Hough (University of Chicago) material I am
contradicting the statement in the text in about ten cases. It
is, perhaps, needless to commend the public spirit of all who
have so generously contributed to keep this great collection
of type material almost intact.

Dr. R. R. Parker's work on the Sarcophagidae of New
England was in two parts, of which the first was published in
the Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History, as
mentioned on page 6 ; the second and larger one, containing
several new species, proved too large for early publication and
was much delayed on this account. Dr. Parker was finally
obliged to divide it, but succeeded in placing the more im-
portant sections in the entomological journals. These delays
had the unfortunate effect of bringing two of his parts into
print too late for me to change the names I had adopted for
the corresponding species in my work. So my Thelodiscus
indivisus is antedated by his SarcofaJirtia ravinia (Psyche,
xxiii, 131-139, figs.) ; and my Sarcophaga larga by his S.
pachyprocta (Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc, xxiv, 171-175). My
principal regret in this matter is that his excellent work could
not have been printed in its entirety.

European specimens of Sarcophaga scoparia in Dr. Par-
ker's collection, recently seen by me, indicate that our North
American form is entitled to a varietal name, which will be
bestowed by Dr. Parker in a forthcoming paper.

The peculiar habit in several Sarcophagas of attacking
grasshoppers on the wing for larviposition is mentioned in the
First Report of the U. S. Entomological Commission (Wash-
ington, 1878), pp. 319-322, although there attributed to a
Tachina. Mr. J- R- Parker, at Huntley, Mont., Aug. 12, 1910,
captured the following species attacking flying grasshoppers
in this way : Sarcophaga sinuata, hunteri, kellyi, davidsoni,
and two undetermined. Prof. R. A. Cooley made the same
observation.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES

and
List of Species.

In every case the description of the species bears
the same serial number as the figure of it. As al-
most every species and variety is figured, the expla-
nation of the plates becomes a complete list, by sim-
ply including the five unfigured forms with the ex-
planation "not figured."

Magnification is not uniform. Many of the fig-
ures were made with camera lucida and others with
projection apparatus, but these aids do not work well
with genitalia, and most of the drawing was free-
hand.

In each case the figure shows the male genitalia
drawn out and viewed from the left side, unless other-
wise indicated. Hairs on forceps and accessory plate
are generally omitted for simplicity, unless very dis-
tinctive.

PLATE 1.

1. Phrissopodia praeceps Wied.

2. Wohlfahrtia meigenii Schiner; 2a, dorsum

of abdomen.

3. Wohlfahrtia vigil Walk., dorsum of abdo-

men.

4. Johnsonia elegans Coq.

5. Johnsonia setosa n. sp., head of male.

6. Camptops unicolor n. gen. and sp.; 6a, head

of male.

7. Sarothromyia femoralis Schiner; 7a, head of

male.
[8.] Same, variety simplex n. sp. (not figured).
9. Sarcophagula occidua Fabr. ; 9a, wing; 9b,
head of male.

Pl.\te I

PLATE 2.

10. Camptopyga aristata n. gen. and sp.; 10a,

apical part of abdomen of male, side view;
10b, front of head of male.

11. Agria afRnis Fall.; 11a, apical part of ab-

domen of male, side view.

12. Harbeckia tesselata n. sp. gen. and sp.

13. Hypopelta scrofa n. gen. and sp.

14. Notocliaeta subpolita n. gen. and sp.
1.5. Notochaeta plumigera Van der Wulp.

16. Emblemasoma erro n. gen. and sp.; 16a,
front of head of male; 16b, next plate.

Plate 2

PLATE 3.

16b. Embleinasonia erro n. sp., side view of head
of iiiaie.

17. Enibleniasoma faciale n. sp.

18. Sthenopyga globosa n. gen. and sp.

19. Harpagopyga diversipes n. gen. and sp.

20. Thelodiscns indivisus n. gen. and sp.

21. Sarcophaga sinuata Meig., with back view of

penis in onthne.

22. Sarcophaga cockerellae n. sp.

23. Sarcophaga hinei n. sp.

24. Sarcophaga pulla n. sp.

25. Sarcophaga tarsata n. .sp.

26. Sarcophaga latisterna Parker,

27. Sarcophaga parkeri n. sp.

Plate 3

PLATE 4.

28. Sarcophaga cimbicis Townsend.

29. Sarcophaga bisetosa Parker.

30. Sarcophaga taurus n. sp.

31. Sarcophaga cessator ii. sp.

32. Sarcophaga sarracenias Riley.

33. Sarcophaga tetra n. sp.

34. Sarcophaga idonea n. sp.

35. Sarcophaga sima n. sp.

36. Sarcophaga pervillosa n. sp.; 3Ga, first seg-

ment of hind tarsus of male.
[37.] Same, variety inchoata, n. var. (not figured).

38. Sarcophaga fletcheri n. sp., with back view

of anterior clasper.

39. Sarcophaga davidsoni n. sp.

40. Sarcophaga atlanis n. sp.

Plate 4

PLATE 5.

41. Sarcophaga hunteri Hough.

42. Sarcophaga spatulata n. sp.; 42a, larvipos-

itor of female from side, witli dorsal view
in outline.

43. Sarcophaga melampyga n. sp., with back

view of penis in outhne.

44. Same, variety alata n. var., penis and back

view of its terminal part.

4.5. Sarcophaga chaetopygialis Will.

46. Sarcophaga albisignum n. sp.

47. Sarcophaga magna n. sp.

48. Sarcophaga opifera Coq.

49. Sarcophaga peniculata Parker.
.50. Sarcophaga parallela n. sp.
.51. Sarcophaga rudis n. sp.

Plate

PLATE 6.

jz

Sarcophaga excisa n. sp.
53. Sarcophaga eleodis n. sp.
.54. Sarcophaga mascuhna n. sp., with end view

of penis.
55. Sarcophaga alcedo n. sp.
.56. Sarcophaga prohibita n. sp.

57. Sarcophaga re versa n. sp.

58. Sarcophaga marginata n. sp.

59. Sarcophaga falciformis n. sp.

60. Sarcophaga setigera n. sp., with back ^iew

of penis.

61. Sarcophaga coloradensis n. sp.; 61a, side

view of head of female; 61b, abdomen of
female from side, to show larvipositor ; 61c,
next plate.

Plate 6

PLATE 7.

61c. Sarcophaga coloradensis ii. sp., larvipositor
of female, more enlarged.

62. Sarcophaga websteri ii. sp.

63. Sarcophaga angustifrons ii. sp., with back of

penis in outline.

64. Sarcophaga aculeata n. sp.

6.5. Same, variety gavia, n. var., with ])ack view
of penis more enlarged.

66. Same, variety taediosa n. xar.

67. Sarcophaga flavipes n. sp.

68. Sarcophaga larga n. sp. ; ()8a, male abdomen

from side.

69. Sarco])haga ruliventris AVied.

70. Sarcophaga ampulla n. sp.

Plate 7

PLATE 8.

71. Sarcophaga biseriata n. sp.

72. Sarcophaga surrubea Van der Wulp.

73. Sarcophaga hospes n. sp.

74. Sarcophaga hehcis Townsend.

75. Sarcophaga johnsoni n. sp.

76. Sarcophaga uhginosa Kramer.

77. Sarcophaga aldrichi Parker.

78. Sarcophaga houghi n. sp.

79. Sarcophaga tuberosa Pand., var, harpax

Pand., with two forms of forceps.
[80.] Sarcophaga vilhpes Van der Wulp (not fig-
ured).

81. Sarcophaga cabensis n. sp., with tips of for-

ceps from behind.

82. Sarcophaga pedata n. sp.

Plate 8

PLATE 9.

83. Sarcophaga fulvipes Macq.

84. Sarcoj^haga singularis ii, sp.; 84a, forceps

from behind.

85. Sarcophaga deceptiva n. sp.

86. Sarcdphaga cotyledonea n. sp.; 86a, side

view of abdomen of male.

87. Sarcophaga haemorrhoidahs Fall.

88. Sarcophaga chrysostoma Wied.

Plate 9

PLATE 10..

89. Sarcophaga thatuna n. sp.

90'. Sarcophaga elongata n. sp.

91. Sarcophaga occidentahs n. sp.

92. Sarcophaga juhaetta n. sp.; a, outer front

plate of distal segment of penis in another
specimen.

93. Sarcophaga perspicax n. sp.

94. Sarcophaga gracilis n. sp.

95. Sarcophaga securifera Villeneuve.

96. Sarcophaga falculata Pand.

Plate io

PLATE 11.

97. Sarcophaga anioena n. sp.

98. Sarcopliaga capitata n. sp.

99. Sarcophaga hillifera n. sp.; 99a, abdomen

with hypopygium drawn out; 99b, fifth
sternite and adjacent parts.

100. Sarcophaga spectabihs n. sp.

101. Sarcophaga otiosa Wilhston.

102. Sarcophaga scoparia Pand.
103 Sarcophaga peltata n. sp.

Plate i i

PLATE 12.

104. Sarcophaga subdiscalis n. sp.

105. Sarcophaga impar n. sp.; lOoa, back of penis.

106. Sarcophaga sulcata n. sp., the accessory

plate indicated by dotted line; 106a, side
view of male abdomen.

107. Sarcophaga cooleyi Parker.

108. Sarcophaga tuberosa Pand., var. sarraceni-

oides n. var.
[109.] Sarcophaga tuberosa var. exuberans Pand.
( not figured ) .

110. Sarcophaga bison n. sp.

111. Sarcophaga libera n. sp.

Plate 12

PLATE 13.

112. Sarcophaga salva ii. sp.

113. Sarcophaga rileyi n. sp.
114-. Sarcophaga jonesi n. sp.
11.5. Sarcophaga celarata n. sp.

116. Sarcophaga servihs ii. sp.

117. Sarcophaga floridensis n. sp.

118. Sarcophaga planifrons n. sp.

119. Sarcophaga pectinata n. sp.

120. Sarcophaga comiminis Parker; 12a, outhiie

of penis from behind.

121. Same, var. ochracea n. var., outhne of penis

from beliind.

Plate 13

PLATE 14.

122. Sarcophaga liavipalpis n. sp.

123. Sarcophaga bishoppi n. sp.

124. Sarcophaga inciirva n. sp.; 124a, hind feiiiuv

and tibia of male.
[125.] Sarcophaga insurgens n. sp. (not figured).

126. Sarcophaga keilyi Aldrich.

127. Sarcophaga sternodontis Townsend.

128. Sarcophaga robusta n. sp.

129. Sarcophaga bakeri n. sp.; a, outhne of for-

ceps from behind.

130. Sarcophaga hamata n. sp.

Plate 14

PLATE 15.

181. Sarcophaga xanthosonia ii. sp.

132. Sarcophaga utilis Aldrich,

138. Sarcophaga cistudinis n. sp.

134. Sarcopliaga galeata ii. sp.; a, outline of for-
ceps from behind.

185. Sarcophaga aiistrahs n. sp.; a, outhne of for-
ceps from behind.

136. Sarcophaga timida n. sp.

137. Sarcophaga assidua Walker; 137a, outhne

of forceps from behind, more enlarged.

138. Sarcophaga cingarus n. sp.; a, tip of right

anterior, and b, of right posterior, clasper
from behind.

Plate 15

PLATE 10.

139. Sareopliaga ciilniinata ii. sp.

140. Sarcophaga fissa ii. sp.

141. Sarcophaga limbriata ii. sp.

142. Sarcophaga texana n. sp.; 142a, oiithne of

penis from behind.

143. Sarcophaga quadrisetosa Coq.

144. Sarcophaga latisetosa Parker.
14.5. Sarcophaga globukis n. sp.

146. Diagram of choracic chaetotaxy in Sareopli-
aga and aUies; the dots represent the bris-
tles, larger or smaller, while the broken
lines connect them in rows. Explanation:

HUM, humeral, three or four in a curved row.
■ PHUM, posthumeral, one or two behind the hu-
merus.

ANT ACR, anterior acrostichal. usually two or
three in a longitudinal row, but often small or
indistinguishable from adjacent hairs.

ANT DC, anterior dorsocentrals, two or three be-
fore the suture.

PRS, presutural, one large, sometimes an adjacent
small.

NFL, notopleural, usually four, alternating small
and large.

SA, supra-alar, usually two.

PS DC, posterior dorsocentral, a continuation of
the ant dc row, behind the suture ; usually three
or four (in Notochaeta only two).

INTA, intra-alar, usually two.

PA, postalar, always two.

PRSC, prescutellar, one, usually small (the indicat-
ing line should extend to the two small dots just
in front of the middle of the scutellum).

MARG, marginal of scutellum, two or three.

SAP, subapical of scutellum, usually one small.

AP, apical of scutellum, one small, absent in some
males and nearly all females.

STPL, sternopleural (not shown) are on the side of
the thorax, above the middle coxa, usually three,
sometimes two or four ; they are more variable
than most of the bristles.

Plate i6

ANT ACR
ANT DC

NPL

FK8C
VABE

INDEX.

Generic names begin with capital, specific with
small letter; synonyms in italics.

Page

aculeata 143

aegra 69

affinis 45

Agria 20, 44

alata 109

albisignum iii

alcedo 132

aldrichi 167

amblycoryphae 161

amoena 207

ampulla 151

angustifrons 142

assidua 285

assidua group 288

aristata ,, 42

atlanis 100

australis 282

bakeri 270

biseriata 153

bisetosa , 81

bishoppi 258

Blacsoxipha 8

Bottcheria 9

bullata 233

cabensis 179

Camptops 19, 34

Camptopyga 20, 41

Calliphora excluded.... 7

canuta 40

capitata 209

celarata 242

cessator 84

chaetopygialis no

Chaetotaxy, see plate 16

chittendeni 29

chrysostoma 193

cimbicis 79

cingarus 288

cistudinis 278

Page

cockerellae 70

coloradensis 139

communis 253

cooleyi 225

cotyledonea 187

culminata 289

Cynomyia excluded 7

davidsoni 99

deceptiva 186

Dexiids excluded 7

diversipes 62

elegans 31

eleodis 128

elongata 198

Emblemasoma 20, 56

erro 56

Erythrandra 21

excisa 127

exuberans 232

faciale 58

falciformis 137

falculata 205

femoralis 37

fernaldi 79

fimbriata 292

fissa 290

flavipalpis 256

flavipes 146

fletcheri 96

floridensis 249

fortipes : 23

fulvipes 182

galeata 280

gavia 145

Genera, table of 19

Genitalia, directions

for spreading 15

INDEX

Page Page

Genitalic Characters.... 12 masculina 130

georgina 189,193,233 meigenii 27

globosa 59 rnelampyga 107

globulus 299 Microchaetina 21

gracilis 202 Muscidae excluded 7

Myiasis, intestinal 191

Habits 16

haemorrhoidalis 189 Notochaeta 20, 52

hamata 272

Harbeckia 20,46 occidentalis 198

Harpagopyga 20,61 occidua 40

harpax 171 ochracea 255

helicis 158 Onesia 21

Helicohia 9 opaca 27

Hesperomyia 21 opifera 119

hillifera 210 Opsophyto 119

hinei 71 otiosa 213

houghi 170

hospes 156 pachyprocta 302

hunteri 102 parallela 123

Hypopelta 20,49 Paramintho 21

Paraphyto 25

idonea 90 parkeri 78

imhecilla 40 Peckia 22

impar 220 pectinata 251

imperialis 23 pedata 180

incerta 218 peltata 216

inchoata 94 peniculata 121

incurva 260 perspicax 201

indivisus 64,302 pervillosa 92

insurgens 262 Phrissopodia 19^22

intermedia 67 planifrons 249

plumigera 55

johnsoni 162 praeceps 23

Johnsonia 19,30 prohibita 133

jonesi 241 pubicornis 47

juliaetta 200 puella 40

pulla 72

^^^^y'^ ■ ^^3 quadrisetosa 296

larga 147, 302 Ravinia 9

latisetosa 299 ravinia 302

latisterna yy reversa 135

libera 235 rileyi 239

robusta 268

magna 117 rudis 125

marginata 136 rufiventris 150

INDEX

Page

salva 237

Sarcodexia 265

Sarcofahrtia 302

Sarcophoga 5, 20, 66

Table of groups 66

Group A 67

Group B ..— 74

Group C 94

Group D 113

Group E 162

Group F 174

Group G 236

Group H 245

Sarcophagidae,

limits of 7

Sarcophagula 19, 39

Sarcophila 25

Sarcotachinella 67

Sarcophilodes nigro-

caudata 36

Sarothromyia 19, 36

Sarracenia, table of

spp. bred from 89

sarraceniae 86

sarracenioides 227

scrofa 50

scoparia 214, 302

securifera 202

servilis 243

setigera 138

setosa 33

sima 91

singularis 184

sinuata 67

spatulata 105

spectabilis 212

Page

sternodontis 265

Sthenopyga 20, 59

subdiscalis 219

subpolita 53

sulculata 223

surrubea 154

Tachinidae excluded... 7

taediosa 145

tarsata 75

taurus 82

tenuis 40

Terminology, special... 10

tessellata 47

tetra 89

texana 294

thatuna 196

Thelodiscus 20, 63

Thelodiscus 20, 63, 302

timida 283

Trixodes obesa 23

tuberosa, varieties tab-
ulated 232

uliginosa 165

unicolor 34

vigil 29

villipes 178

websteri 141

Wiedemann! 193

Wohlfahrtia 19, 25

xanthosoma 274

HISTORICAL SKETCH

of the
ThoMx\s Say Foundation

At the Atlanta meeting of the Entomological
Society of America, in the business session on Dec. 31,
1913, the Secretary read the following communica-
tion from Nathan Banks:

"Inasmuch as there is no independent society in
this country able to pubhsh large works on Entomol-
ogy, and since there are even now manuscripts await-
ing printing, and with time there will be more, I sug-
gest that the Entomological Society of America found
such a society. This Society to be known as 'The
Thomas Say Society.' Its object to publish catalogues,
revisions, and monographs of North American Insects.
That it be authorized to solicit and collect money for a
permanent fund, the interest on which shall be for the
printing of said works. That the Society shall be con-
trolled by a board of five entomologists, chosen by the
Executive Committee of the Entomological Society of
America. Each member to serve five years, the first
board to have one member for one, two, three, four,
and five years, thereafter one selected each year. That
all money received for the sale of publications be added
to the permanent fund. That said board of control
shall select whatever officers they deem necessary and
have authority for accepting articles for printing and
disbursement of funds."

On motion the President was directed to appoint
a committee of three to consider ways and means for
the establishment of such a society. The President
appointed the following Committee: — Nathan Banks,
chairman; H. H. Lyman, and Morgan Hebard.

At the Philadelphia meeting of the Entomologi-
cal Society of America, in the business session held
Dec. 31, 1914, a report M^as received from Nathan
Banks and Morgan Hebard (Mr. Lyman having died

within the year), in which the project was further
outhned, and a constitutional amendment coverino-
the main feature was proposed, to be voted on a year
later. The name was changed to "The Thomas Say
Foundation." The following members were named
on the Committee for 1915: Alex. D. MacGillivray,
editor; Morgan Hebard, treasurer; Nathan Banks,
J. M. Aldrich, E. P. Duzee. An appropriation of
fifty dollars for preliminary expenses was allowed.

At the Columbus meeting of the Entomological
Society of America, in the business session held Dec.
30, 1915, the Committee reported that ten-dollar ad-
vance subscriptions to the publications of the Foun-
dation had been solicited, which had brought in $170;
there was an unexpended balance of $40.88 from the
appropriation of the previous year. The Society
adopted the Constitutional amendment relating to
the Foundation, as follows:

ARTICLE YHI.

Section i. Name — There is hereby established a stand-
ing committee of the Society under the name of "The Thomas
Say Foundation."

Sec. 2. Purpose — The purpose of this Foundation is
for the pubhcation of works of a monographic or bibHographic
character on the insects of North America.

Sec. 3. Publication — Each pubhcation shall be a volume
complete in itself and numbered consecutively.

Sec. 4. Committee — This committee shall consist of six
members, four of them to be elected by the Executive Commit-
tee of the Society, two of them retiring annually, and an Edi-
tor and a Treasurer, to be designated by the Executive Com-
mittee.

Sec. 5. Powers — This committee is empowered to de-
termine all matters concerning the publication.

Sec. 6. Funds — They are also empowered to solicit,
hold, invest, and expend funds committed to their care; only
the interest of any endowment to be available.

Sec. 7. Responsibility — The Society shall be in no way
responsible for debts contracted by the Foundation, unless
previously authorized by the Executive Committee.

Sec. 8. Reports — The Editor and Treasurer shall pre-
sent a report of their operations and expenditures to the Ex-
ecutive Committee at each Annual Meeting, and the accoimts
of the Treasurer shall be audited by the Auditing Committee
of the Society. These reports shall be published as a part of
the proceedings of the Executive Committee.

The following members were appointed on the
Thomas Say Foundation in pursuance of the Consti-
tutional provisions :

P. P. Calvert, editor.

Morgan Hebard, treasurer.

Nathan Banks.

A. D. MacGillivray.

J. M. Aldrich.

E. B. Wilhamson,

Dr. Calvert subsequently withdrew from the
editorship, and the Executive Committee elected
J. M. Aldrich to the position.