ee ‘'S, DEPA A | RTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. Ae : BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY—Bulletin No. 61. ah D:.E. SALMON, D,V. M., Chief of Bureau. Re Passi be Nie UA a gio stout AT fa “AGRICULTURAL COLLEGES. oo: | ae BY - GEORGE M. ROMMEL, B. S.'A., Expert in Animal Husbandry, Bureau of Animal Industry. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, 1904. Hes DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY—Bulletin No. 61. ? D. E. SALMON, D. V. M., Chief of Bureau. THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING AT AGRICULTURAL COLLEGES. BY GEORGE M. ROMMEL, B. S. A., Expert in Animal Hustondry, Bureau of Antmal Industry. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1904. ° - gec ~ e es Seg « ae CEPR At o%e oe ¢ Ke OO) 'e* aoe as ear G77. S. Ocf,.22, 46 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. ~U. 5S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, Bureau oF AntaL INDUSTRY, Washington, D. C., June7, 1904. Str: I respectfully submit herewith for publication as a bulletin of this Bureau a manuscript entitled ‘* The Score Card in Stock Judging at Agricultural Colleges,” compiled by George M. Rommel, expert in animal husbandry. This material was collected during the past year to combine for ready reference the score-card forms used by instruc- tors in animal husbandry throughout the United States. Nearly all the college cards for market classes in use at present are included in the following pages. Cards for the several breeds were omitted for various reasons, but chiefly because instruction in the judging of market classes and that of breeds is clearly divided; the latter can very well form the nucleus of another similar bulletin. The charts illustrating the points of the various animals were designed not so much to serve as universal guides for this purpose as to show the location of the parts described by the terms used in the different score cards. The Bureau is indebted to Prof. Andrew Boss, of the Minnesota School of Agriculture, for the loan of charts used by him in giving instruction in meat production. These charts are submitted for use in this bulletin. Thanks are also due instructors in animal husbandry in nearly every agricultural college in the country for placing their score cards and other similar material at the disposal of the Bureau. Respectfully, D. E. SaLmon, Chief of Bureau Hon. JAMES WILSON, Secretary of Agriculture. CON EAN Ss: ; Page IlnitiPOGlNGHO = se Se See ee Gk a Geeta seeecs eae aa See SOT GOR Eee GSC OAM eae erase 7 Forms of score ecards. ---- SN re ee is rey rete eRe See eer pe nas urn 8 IEI@ISES = eS SSS SA a ee eS a ae ST Ea ea or Te ar Rapes a 10 Halil OTSES ares sae a tet tees oe Soin vee ee LS Sic ain Eps coe ated 18 DD avliplOnSESS sae eee cee aes ee ee aS SS RSE GES Eee See Shee ee 26 IMMIES 5 5 6 SAS SESE te Sea Se Sree eee oe Seat Cas ee er nee Ee 39 TEGSIE CANES is Ss SS ee er ae ey te ea ec Se et ye 40 SHOR GRIMS so Sas ece ssa Ses ees See Sere ee eer oe ey BER AUR ie eae rE 57 Damir Gals ss aS A eee eee eg ren ee a Me One rae mR est 58 IEIOES ccd oeSca See ee he Care SASS SIE a eee ese Bas alee ya ear a 8 ie ene ee ea ental re eet 82 Ieee Oye) is SE ees teres She te mega Se pee ane Cas an Se eee Eee 92 TEEVGOMD, VOPR AS 5 Sa es aE co hc epee es Ue ey perm aS 95 SING). o.ccta GORA Saas FS RAS Bel ee orm ne Seto me lle 97 ENF bY ee py arene mente eee een ca eta UR ete a COCR era Gl SN ee alc, bya 103 SIV Feo oh lise [pee eee ee ae er, SRM ah eae aed er TO a aN eg A a 112 Roultrye=- = 15s SEES Lee Seed ce 78 noe aS op etek Oe ne TELE AT nen RR ROU 113 Dressed carcasses and block records: HFSS Se Tae ea se oes eran ne ce mga lee ate na TUN I ale hee RS Wags 116 BAT ClO ln Os gprs ee ect eae engender siepeae NGS IE Sse scree Lasts los ui EN OC ere 118 BAGO, JOSS oA Sak R GSS Ha SoS cases ets ees Seo ieee nea a 119 JeUFUIGITEE OBYEY Oy eee, Sa eas Ae ar Oe a Ean LE 119 Animal mechanics: TBUGTASES “eg Sg SE es See a a a ey ee a Ae nge Nea taa 120 (CRED IS 5, iG SS ae Se is a Se aot Nal Fa ste PY ey cae MOS LD Me 123 Market reports: DBS ECENE: CCE YU at a ce el A rea i ear A eae NY 8.0 Bcae a etd 124 ESiCLeM Cy RO len kat Oes eee eae ee Nees ey ee ett ea alee uae A a 124 PLATES. . _ Page. PuaTE 1. Diagram of steer, showing Minnesota method of cutting carcass... 124 2., Diagram of carcass of beeia 2 Jose ee ee ee eee ~ see 124 3. Shoulder cut‘and folded roast. J:.....2.<..2..-22-2-225 20 eee 124 4, Small.end' ribs and large end ribs. -.--.. -2< 5. 4./--2.. - eee 124 5. Rolled roast and porterhouse steak = 9-=- ===: 2555-2 == ee 124 6. Sirloinveuts soe i as oo ee ee 124 fosRonnd cuts. .05. ee Seswee tL eee ee 124 8. Diagram of hog, showing method of cutting carcass...........---- 124 9. Diagram of carcass of hog with head, shoulders, and hams partly detached 2022 Ji... s/n 124 10. Shoulders and hams 2... 2.2.2.2) Jesse eee 124 11. Sides ‘and middle. 2:22. 42-2: 22222 ee eee 124 12. “Diagram. of sheep. .2-2.:/:-.2-5.2 3b See eee 124 13.. Diagram of carcass of mutton. .<. 2/22 -2202 222 22-2 oo oe 124 14; Shoulders. o2.....-).-2 2 3 sense ee 124 15. Loin, rack, and rib cuts -..--- ie De eee Bo als ae ee 124 16. Leg of mutton, side and under views -.-...---.--..22--2222-5eeeee 124 TEXT FIGURES. Fig. 1.. Points of the horse... 2.2.0.2. aeh52ase= eae -2 seas 10 2. Points of beef cattle—side view ..-----=2--222¢o-+.-2-.4094055 ee 40 3. Points of beef cattle—front and rear views -.----------+------2-2556 40 4, Points of the dairy cow—side view --2:-..22--. .--2 =. 52235 ee 58 5. Points of the dairy cow—three-quarters rear view ------ . 58 6. Points of the hog—three-quarters front view -.--.--.--.------------ 82 7. Points of the hog—side View ----..-.-5--..5.25-24-2--+--3.=2 er 82 8. Points of the sheep—side view -.-----..-+----:--2---.2. === eee 97 9. Points of the sheep—front and rear views.--...-------------------- 97 0. Chart for study of proportions of the horse .-..--..-.-.------------- 120 11. Chart for study of articular angles of the horse .........-..--.------ 122 [ILLUSTRA Oars. ae THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING AT AGRI CUELURAE COLLEGES. Compiled by Grorce M. Rommet, B.S. A., Expert in Animal Husbandry, Bureau of Animal Industry. INTRODUCTION. No branch of agricultural college work has developed more rapidly during recent years nor attracted more general attention than the instruction in animal husbandry—the theoretical and practical selec- tion and management of live stock. The immense value of our animal industry (with an estimated annual output of over $800,000,000), the important relation between live stock and the maintenance of fertility, not to mention the pleasure that attends the successful management of farm animals, have drawn the attention of agricultural educators to this field of work. Indeed, in some instances, the realization of its importance by the agricultural public has had a most telling effect in bringing about proper recognition by the colleges of a previously neglected branch of agriculture. Instruction in the principles of stock judging demands a very large share of the teacher’s time. The aim of the colleges in this work is not to graduate men who are fully equipped to perform the duties of a judge in a show ring, but to give instruction in fundamental princi- ples on which the student, as years give experience, can build an accurate and extensive knowledge of animal form. The place of the score card in this scheme is important. As an aid to the judge in the show ring, its use is practically obsolete, except in the case of poultry. It is very easy for a competent judge to ‘‘ score” two animals by the card and reach results directly opposite to what he would have done had the ring been judged by the show-yard system. When thirty or forty animals confront him, no judge would now think of using a score card. However, to learn the cardinal points of form and action and to develop systematic methods, there is no more con- venient or expeditious manual than a concise and accurate card. ‘ 8 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. The first essential in such instruction is to lead the beginner to see correctly —to know what faults or merits each point of the animal presents to the eye or touch. For example, the accepted standards demand that a horse shall have a lean, straight head, of moderate length, with neat, smartly carried ears of moderate size; a broad, full forehead; large, prominent, intelligent, clear eyes; and a fine muzzle, with large nostrils and firm, even lips. It is necessary that the stu- dent learn what is therefore an unwritten part of such work. Following this first step the student learns the comparative value of the different points. For example, he is taught that it is more impor- tant, commercially, that a horse shall have a wide, deep, straight, clean hock than a straight, clean head; and he is shown that one of these points has a value of eight or ten on the card, while the other is given one-or two. He learns that if a fat steer is thick and even in the covering of the back, he can overlook a little spareness of flesh on the lower rib or a slight lack of development of either flank. In short, he learns what parts in the equine anatomy are most essential to the actual usefulness of a horse, and.what parts of a meat-bearing animal bring the highest prices on the block. When this step is taken many of the colleges give their students work that is little different from that of the show ring. Three or four animals are placed before the student and he is required to place them according to individual merit, writing his reasons on blanks provided for the purpose. No score cards are used, but the student is held as closely as possible to the use of score-card terms. When this stage is reached successfully the cards are dispensed with and the student is supposed to know what is required in the ideal animal. Here the training of the judgment begins, for which college work is really only the preparation. In some cases the score cards are elim- inated gradually by requiring the student to assign his reasons point by point before he assigns general reasons for his decisions. This has an advantage in that it is made difficult to overlook any essential features. The score card, therefore, is only for instruction in fundamentals, and, while in itself it is impracticable for use in the show yard, these fundamentals form the basis for all competent judging. FORMS OF SCORE CARDS. The forms of cards used by different instructors naturally vary con- siderably. Some institutions, for example, use but one card for both draft and light horses. The description is practically the same for both types, and differences are noted in the text. The different stand- ards are provided for by two columns of ‘‘ points.” This system is seen in the cards for horses used by the New Hampshire College, THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. 9 Cornell University, the North Carolina College, and the Ohio State University, and in the cards for sheep used by the New Hampshire and North Carolina colleges, Purdue University, and the Utah Agri- cultural College. Its advantages are that it permits the student to get a clear idea of the essentials of each type by comparison, and gives him an idea of animal form in the abstract. Its disadvantages are that a sufficient amount of explanation of differences is not possible, and there is apt to be confusion of types. The more commonly accepted system is a separate card for each type, no matter how close the resemblance. - : Generally, the score cards have blanks for the date, name of student, and designation of the animal. In some, space is provided for the age, name of owner, sex, etc. Several colleges have adopted the plan of numbering the points of the card consecutively. These numbers refer to a blank on which spaces are provided for the score by the student and the instructor. The principal advantage of the blank is that it enables the student to make notes of deficient points. In some institutions, the cards for each class of animals are printed on the inside covers of a stiff cardboard folder, into which are inserted a number of these blanks. The student thus has his guide and note- book under one cover, and also has the advantage of having a perma- nent form of card. The University of Tennessee uses a stiff leather- bound folder. On one side is a pocket in which the score cards are placed, and a slot is cut into the other cover into which is slipped the cardboard back of a pad of blanks, the book thus holding the score cards for each class of stock and also the notebook for the class work. It has the advantage over other forms in that one book only is necessary. ; Several minor changes have been made in the wording and punctua- tion of the various cards for the sake of uniformity. Values and definitions, however, are exactly as furnished by the colleges in all Cases. Acknowledgments are due the instructors who supplied these cards for the courtesy. The score cards now in use follow. 10 = =) CONOR Che . Muzzle. . Nostril. Lips. Nose. Face. . Forehead. Eye. . Ears. . Angle of lower jaw. . Throatlateh, throat, or throttle. BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 11. HORSES. eT ah fore -/_-—-- os Fic. 1.—Points of the horse. Windpipe. 12. Crest. . Withers. . Shoulder. . Point of shoulder. . ATM. . Elbow orelbow joint. 2 . Forearm. . Knee. . Cannons. . Fetlocks. 22 . Pasterns. 23. Feet. 24. Breast. . Girth. }. Barrel, or ribs. 27. Fore flank. . Back. , Loin. 30. Hind flank. . Under line. . Hip. . Croup, or rump. Tail. 5. Buttock. 6. Quarter. . Thigh. . Stifle joint. . Gaskin, lower thigh stifle, or leg. . Hock. "> _« THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. ilk New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts. Same as Cornell card (see below) for horses, with the following exceptions: Under neck, the clause beginning ‘depth of insertion,” etc., is omitted; under pasterns, read ‘‘6 to 7 inches;’’ for horses for speed, 8 points are allowed for ‘fore feet and 6 for action. Cornell University. For force. | For speed. di#i/gigl/2ig Seale of points. Se Se eS s/Ol1S)/a|o)|6 gO ye | aro joe 3S =) 5 oS = 5 p = wy » M mM (Se) wm n iS) A. General appearance: Height, estimated —— hands; actual —— hands....-.......--.....-..-- Seca Peaises| RS Cretea halen tess ieee Weight, estimated —— pounds; actual —— pounds........-.-.----.-..- 8 Wyse 2M Form, for force, low, massive; for speed, high, lithe --..............-.-- @ Hoscallns Deke ACs Quality, bone flat; tendons lean; skin and hair fine -............------- Syilsaas NOW Seaeoes Action, step smooth, quick, long; trot rapid, straight, regular ....-..-.- Acros 8 |. ING ib GemMembersavertleal= caja as csic= es sajsine sacetee ee clecielse sedieceeis eecise 5) |e Lal oak FRemmperament uivelyerpl CHSAM bean eee eeece ee eitieces nescence seme 4|.. all GUT eal |e B. Head and neck: Head, lean; length two-fifths height of withers; width of forehead more than one-third length of head; depth of head one-half its length; for S., smaller, carried higher, more horizontal.........-...-. 1 : Pal a ME SA, War7z7emnimMe wMOstr sans esis times secre seecan meets cee esceec cess mei BUS Eel ee Belt. eal gull ake Jes, Twill, orale eS Nl ape eet cpeso oSHeT eH Eee eo oHOeeneaaeececosas Tse eercesl | ae Galle Hees Ears, short, clean, fine, directed forward, wide apart ....--....---...--- IU eed Seles) Mase Gully Beles Neck, pyramidal, muscled; throat clean, fine; windpipe large; depth of insertion at shoulder equals length of underline, 2 to 4 inches shorter than head; for F., neck shorter, thicker, more horizontal..... sy Fete Pe SNe nares a C. Fore quarters: Shoulders, long, extending into back; point of shoulder to point of withers, equals length of head; for F., shorter more upright....._.... Billadeaessalt-etules aoe Arms, relatively short, 12 to 13 inches; for F., more horizontal........-- 1 Iie ee Forearms, vertical, long, 14 to 15 inches wide; for F., shorter, more heavily muscled. Joes SBME GS SRO GOS CODER CCE oH SHE CROC OST aa EEE ane Sree GulSRce aoe ees lac oe Knees, clean cut, wide, deep, 2 inches, strongly supported...........-.- Die are is seal RBA Cannons, vertical, short, 9 to 10 inches, lean, wide; tendons well de- | HACHEUBLOMSs plON PETES ism caectssisseciocinase sienna sse ae Se siceis ea eee see ee Bi Sodallosedll> 2 lseaellea Hetlockcmwaid es thick- v@leame cae ssc eee Nadeem ae dase cee meine Theil eveel teal tema we! _ Pasterns, fetlock to ground, 7 to 8 inches; for S., long, sloping; for F., Slonim OLeMup Tl pln hee eee ee ee re cei a cea tinues Scie ear aN MD Peete | es Sa ies RORY Feet, round, even size; horn dark colored, dense; sole concave; bars a ae frog large, elastic; heel vertical, one-half length of toe.....-- Oi ledecllococl| @ lic A . Body: Chest in general, high, wide, long; more than half height of horse; for Teh, CERT ClO TIE esCN is ek tree eI et gee GillsamatGoeed owed (lee, s Watherssclearhyad'ehinledeton Gea sense = eileen coe saleleioe ects neie EPO eres eee Lan 3 Breast, for S., high, projecting; for F., broad, muscular ...............-. 2 a 1 Ribs, long, round curvature, wide apart ..................-.------------ ho 2 1 Back, straight, short, muscular; shoulders to haunch equals length of INGRIGIE AONB IS IKOIIeteee Ae Meee eee cochociconod coo sebos Go neree eS eckoouseEee | 3 il HEOUMRE WAGE. ShOnt, Chicks 32 sss: no scis porns = ae ea selects «ie See eee cine 2 il ake ALLOW ae lO Wisi ce cece sos obs aioe dee Sate ee ene eect ec eee EA ec ee! ee Gel eee eee E. Hind quarters: Croup, wide, long, muscular, 2 to 4 inches shorter than head; for S., | | horizontal; TOLgH ey SHOLlera mMOrelObliguelmssesseeece eee e eee eee eae 5 BS. |) eres eee ‘Tail, long, full, fine, set and carried a Yd aupensesacae tne deiceyey mma eee ost 1 it |e 2 Thighs, for S., long, 15 to 16 inches, upright; stifle deviated outward; for F., shorter, more horizontal, muscular..-.-......-........-..-..... 4 @ lls Buttocks, heavily muscled, well descended..........-..........-..-.--- 2 Tey ea clei Legs, for & long, 14 to 15 inches, upright; for F., shorter, more hori- zontal, heavily IMTS OLE Caer reves enemy aye Ma ae evel ecb eta Naa at late 3 Buleeeals ce Hocks, clean cut, large, straight, 3 to 3} inches deep; for F., wider....- 4 4 é Cannons, 11 to 12 THANE S, OuLVSieywakS LS BNO os gncosconsocascacoseausace Pe ear) eye 24 il ees HE ULOCKG RASH DONE sere ctotacie saeiareciciaera a ersten lesa ais SOS Ee esis Ge ale Dale sista sibemicmee dN Peeel ideal ill eee Pasterns, CISHEN DONE. SAR se eras ieee i oer GEISER Cet te alee cary Re ace ats INT eee Seealaubelseeslinooe Feet, compared with above, more oval, more concave; heels higher, 4 more separated-swallsimoreivertical ssc esses secs mae eines eee a 2 2 ailiae Wel ltrs sare aoe Sea eet CSC ena rei Le. halle To age nee ata emu See poe ae 2 aelee North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. cane as Cornell card (see aboye) for horses, with the following exceptions: Under pasterns, read “6 to 7 inches;’”’ under thighs, read ‘‘15 to 17 inches;’”’ for horses for speed, 1 point is allowed for neck, 2 for arm, 8 for fore feet, and 6 for action. 12 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. The College of Agriculture and Domestic Science, Ohio State University. ee Seale of points. A. General appearance: : Height, estimated —— hands; actual —— hands.............----------- Weight, estimated —— pounds; actual —— pounds...-......-.--------- Form, for force, low, massive; for speed, high, lithe ................---- Quality, bone flat; tendons lean; skin and hair fine .....--.......------ Action, step smooth, quick, long; trot rapid, straight, regular........-- Attitude. memibers*vertical: S285. 2 eso see eee ee cone ee ae saeeeeeeee ee Temperament. lively, plessant).-s2--- see hace eae eeeeee eee ees akooe . Head and neck: Head, lean; length two-fifths height of withers; width of forehead more than one-third length of head; depth of head one-half its length; for S., smaller, carried higher, more horizontal.........--.---- Muzzle, fine; nostrils large; lips thi 92 2e es ae ae seen eeeeiseec=s eee Byes full bright, intelligent? 2c ose cece eee een ce aeenie eee ote Ears, short, clean, fine, directed forward, wide apart ...............---- Neck, pyramidal, muscled; throat clean, fine; windpipe large; depth of insertion at shoulder equals length of underline,2 to 4 inches shorter than head; for F., neck, shorter, thicker, more horizontal. ... C. Fore quarters: Shoulders, long,,extending into back; point of shoulder to point of withers equals length of head; for F., shorter, more upright..-.....-- Arms, relatively short, 12 to 13 inches; for F., more horizontal........-.- Forearms, vertical, long, 14 to 15 inches, wide; for F., shorter, more héawily wiuscledh. <<: Fae Se wre casten wre wig Ase depae ernie ae reer elect eta Knees, clean cut, wide, deep, 2 inches, strongly supported.........-..-- Cannons, vertical, short, 9 to 10 inches, lean, wide; tendons well de- tached:torn/S. lone ersec ss) cas see wae Es caveats, Sac ee eee eee oa ee Hetlocks, wide; thick, ‘clean =). 2 ccmat.25-a.-teen ose eee eeeeneene sears Pasterns, fetlock to ground, 6 to 7 inches; for S., long, sloping; for F., | short; more Upright: -. sas seck Banoo ioe aera aa er ieee alert aid ts areeetcte Feet, round, even size; horn dark colored, dense; sole concave; bars ou SEE, frog large, elastic; heel vertical one-half length of toe......-- ). Body: Chest in general, high, wide, long; more than half height of horse; for | BY ginthlanmers.. fo. s 22d en ac cece ete ee See EE ee eee eee Withers! clearly, defined for'S. J2s<.cn ee = aoe eee Eee eee | Breast, for S., high, projecting; for F., broad, muscular..............-.- Ribs, long; round! curvature, widelapart o)) lone eeeeee ee enna tee Back, straight, short, muscular; shoulders to haunch equals length of Head: -TOrNS: | TOMS ers... oc wectek we hae ta ooo es eemtaee Cee ene ORE nOe Bee eras Loin widershort: thighs 532-2 tess teen peccee seer eee Oe eee nae ’ Flank, narrow, low....... nb diate eo bEe Swle aa Een So btoies Sao ioe Caan ee eee EK. Hind quarters: Croup, wide, long, muscular, 2 to 4 inches shorter than head; for S., horizontal: tor He shorter morewoblique.--o-eeesenseeeeee seen eee Tail setand carricd high) Nonoss hulls anes -e.sae eect nee ceenene es Thighs, forS., long, 15to16inches, upright; stifle deviated outward; for Fe shorter, more honzontal tmusculars-e--eeee ee seer eee eas eee eee Buttocks, heavily muscled, well descended ....................---.----- Legs, for S., long, 14 to 15 inches, upright; for F., shorter, more horizon- tal heavaly:-miuseledl: - 5-4-2 22 ee seat coe oe poe ere ee eee Hocks, clean cut, large, straight, 3 to 8: inches deep; for F., wider-.-... Cannons, 11 to 12 inches, otherwise as above........-..----.------------- Metlocksy asabovier..} 2B sanetee tice ner cence Ue eee co ene eee ae en nee Pasterns, asi aWOViels: = ce acaces neces 56 eS sawed se oensccescbesnn snes ee 10; Forehead, broad; full ....-o. 42.20 pd ose se eee eee eee eb. = acne eee eee 11. Ears, size medium; pointed, well carried, not far apart ..............---- ee an 12. Neck, muscled; crest high; throatlatch fine; windpipe large...............---.------ Fore quarters: 13. Shoulders, long, smooth with muscle, oblique, extending into back, muscled cat WATDOIS o.oo ais seis wisinait oie ole tani eee areleiete el pee erie ar eae ates leat ee 14. Arm, short, thrown forward.......-.- 15. Forearm, muscled, long, wide 16. Knees, clean, wide, straight, deep, strongly supported 17. Cannons, short, wide; sinews large, set back -- 2-22. s2--2-- oe ee nee eee Eee Ribs, long, Sprung; Close) =<. 255 ssace weeecck en name ees Se anae Se Oe eee . Back, straight, short,:- broad, muscled . ..22<.-224-2-- ose bo. cn nn eee eee . Loin, wide, short, thick Underline, long; flank let down: ...2. ..\3..-s:.2 Jeon been tea uarters: ‘ » Hips, smooth; wide; level .. 2... .cv.csccet. soe wobec cote an ee see eee ee . Croup, long, wide, muscular. - 22. 222-022 cst sowie Pekan seen ene ee jail “attached high: \wellicarried: 3.22. co:tcsceeosee See Eee eee eee 224 oe . Thighs, long, muscular 2. Quarters, heavily muscled, deepy.2:.--,.2-22.seesen oe cee eee ee eee ,aceee . Gaskins (or lower thighs), long, wide, muscled... .-. 2.2 22-4+----42. =e) see eee .. Hoeks, clean, wide, medium:angle: 242: Se ee ee doe eee 5. Cannons; short, wide; tendons large, set back - ..222<-<.s0s....520-0 -2--20=e eee . Fetlocks, wide, strong . Pasterns, sloping, strong . Feet, size medium, even; straight; horn dense; frog large, elastic; bars strong; sole concave; heel ‘wide, high =... 2.2.2... 222. oa 2 aoe eee . Legs, viewed from behind, a perpendicular line from the point of the buttock should fall upon the center of the hock, cannon, pastern and foot; from the side, a per- pendicular line from the hip joint should fall upon the center of the foot and di- vide the gaskin in the middle; and a perpendicular line from the point of the buttock should run parallel with the line of the cannon ...................-------- Action: 40. 41. T Walk, elastic; quick, balanced. ..05: 20-22-5005 -n-see ee ees =o eee eee Trot, rapid, straight, regular, high. 2. se. soc he co seen eee ee otal Perfect score. Hee eee ed me WRNNNH CO NHN RNNNMENN FPNNNNHK > —— THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. 19 College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts of the University of Missouri. A Student’s Seale of points. Perfect. Gaia. Corrected. General appearance: Height, estimated——hands; actual——hands............-.------ Alcs onic tiene baaeetns sees : Weight, estimated FOOUNOONS EXCEL = — oO NOON os oo een noopa le secadan|bosspeneceeall-osapsb=sepe Hormsymmetrical. smooth) stylish. .-s2o-4-- 25> nessa 2s eine se ASN iC nt eeth hears oe Pee crete ually, bone clean, flat; tendons well defined; skin and hair HO MRR e ioe cis)= 2 Senet eer Sea ee ae tia eis Mies ittels wes = Aes eacraclaee ata Ree eee eriaoe Action, step smooth, quick, long; trot rapid, straight, regular, 11D 6 Go SRR RSA HORE Bae Seba oe SE ONee Bre Cer EEA rOre cen aparaaret V5 |Sseseabecsss|sasbeceteses Temperament, active; disposition kind..........-.----..--------- | Ae Neo taasisae ai aes sees cee Head and neck: : Head, lean, straight; length two-fifths height of withers; width of forehead more than one-third length of head; depth of herdvone-hailisitsilene ths. 405 5.22 5-cs esses scescensscescass Did ea eteest sesame ee te Muzzle, fine; nostrils large; lips thin, even ..........-.----------- 1H) oe Sere ee Se cee gee Se Hyeswloarce ll brightwCleanks.2 255545 sees ee qe eemeccisses Dia| Hecteewietoe oe eecersoeeee Rorehead broad Stull see oa. sees be sas sence wicieemiesisteew eee anes Teens aecisasehessseceeases Ears, size medium; clean, fine, directed slightly forward, wide SUDO Us ieetete rapa ala yates Se ae ore eats rae ee oinein le een oleleinieiciewsiele Sate aera AE il sores ta seyae Se eerie as Neck, well muscled; crest high; throatlatch clean, fine; wind- | TON OS UME De eee Be tO aT A RISC ESI IES ee eI Qe) ssacisseeeees BESS eS Meat Fore quarters: | Shoulders, long, oblique, extending into back; point of shoul- der to point of withers equals length of head......-......------ Dy lene seca ce eames ATMS ASHOTE HATO WMTOLWALG 6s — Asa. ease ences seticnicciscucmese Tae Scneserkle = eres eee Forearms, vertical, long, wide, well muscled .-.....-...-.--.----- ONAN ae eer eh eer Opa Knees, clean cut, wide, straight, deep, strongly supported ....--. DM aes ere tt |p es pe Cannons, vertical, short, lean, wide; tendons well detached....- Que seek s es eee Hepes Boe Shak HeLlocksswidexclean. Straight: <2 2/252 aso eb eset eeecae yea oe Dy Was a casell vile hens gales Pasterns, strong, sloping, angle with ground 45 degrees......---- Dh aerate tee eet eae ae Bee Feet, size round, even; horn dark colored, dense; sole concave; bars strong; frog large, elastic; heel wide, vertical, one-half Grae OW OS aoe SA = Se SEA ee ets yor te men Serene eee A tee es es SS ee Fore legs, viewed in front, a perpendicular line from the point of the shoulder should fall upon the center of the knee, cannon, pastern and foot; from the side a perpendicular line dropping from the center of the elbow joint should fall upon the center ae of the knee and pastern joints and back of hoof....--.-...----- Ab aa se eset esee | ace eee tee ody: Chest, deep, wide, more than half the height of horse.....--..--- Al erm crseit Spice aliysetisocied tre Withers, clearly defined, well muscied-.-------..--.--.----------- NAc ra earch seal ett ee Nene Ribsslone= wellispruns=wideapart.22-os-.2-22ssces>2ssceesoescee Dh EAS ae ls See etets Back ystraishia SHOrk. broad, mMuUsculat= 2-222. 2- s-sces-e esos esce 23 Some sane at Seisuete oseccas LOM, Wale; Siavareis THANG) Fees ee ee eRe ee See at Soa aeeeee Dh ares cere 8 eee ae et Hilermikee thnks) O Wa seee sere ema aes Ao eee ae ee ae ee Wf aeaseccee oe eilsse see heise Hind quarters: Eipsasmooths wide! level oo ijsscc.esensca soe cece s Soteeec ace ececeins Cas Py eRe en ES WG JRA) Sek Daa ae? Croup, long, wide, muscular, somewhat sloping .-.--....---.----- BS Ree Seneca tale Tail, attached high, long, full, fine, well earried...-.............. Alaleae eee cee [eeeretiiers Shea Thighs, long, muscular; stifle diverted slightly outward .......-.. | Dh es eres eae PezeN a Sees homage Buttocks, heavily muscled, well descended.................------| Dyk eta ernst ene chet Sica Quarters: heavily muscled; deep... F-22222 -.22 222.2 esos. | Septet ee dy a ERG ath Hock clearly defined) wide, straight -sss-42---sese2- eee see coe | DAB Vereen Reva ee ee a a a CamnnonsyshOntaiwi Geese 5 os ee see ace eles teases aan Scec ae asec Dil PS te ara cee ere ie ste Hetlocksswidercleansstraighit see as see seee sees sae emeceereeses- 1 eet Sek et (Ne a ak RAS LERMMS UO DAS) ODUM Segoe eye mms Nene Wii eae es eee | De SSE Feet, compared with above, more oval, more concave; heels hishermwa lls OLresvVientl Galata steels sceee ent eee eer Ae |S Peep ee cpl Geers ah Hind legs, viewed from behind, a perpendicular line from the point of the buttock should fall upon the center of the heck, cannon, pastern and foot; from the side, a perpendicular line from the hip joint should fall upon the center of the foot and divide the lower thigh in the middle; and a perpendicular line from the point of the buttock should run parallel with the line Ofsuhe CANNONS ae cece cece ee cee oes Sec en ates tan ise eaeeiees CF SaoRnSaeoee ReoSee ee asne TIO a Ce ae OSEHS Sa SGeS COE HER Cobcs BEGe: Bee rEaed BEES cect aaereeees LOO} Beeeostsiecienal sect esis ee BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. North Dakota Agricultural College. Points deficient. t 2 Perfect Seale of points for geldings. iene aradenie er score. q ASC 5 oaatctcl torent cece Ss 2 = oI ae stoeieelale oinielole o Sin eee eens General appearance: Weight, —— pounds; actual —— pounds.........-.--..-..-.---.-- Height, 16 hands; estimated —— hands; actual —— hands.....-. 2 Form, type ——; symmetrical, smooth, stylish....-..............- 4 Quality, bone clean, firm; tendons, defined; hair and skin fine -. 8 Temperament, active; disposition good..........--....--....----- 5 Head and neck: Head, lean straight: «2.22: tacemesis saecie ee oe oe ee eee ee eee 1 | scc20 255252 se eee Muzzle, fine; nostrils large; lips thin, even; teeth sound ......... 1 |... eee Byes, tullsbright, clear: Nars@ywo-c eee ee ee eee eee eee 1°)... ...2 ee HWorehead: broad, full) sc2 oct eee ees Snes Cem eee nee 2) | 22000362 eee Ears, size medium; pointed, well carried .....................-... 1 |.....3 2a Neck, muscled; crest high; throatlatch fine; windpipe large---.. 2 |. 2-22 Se eee Fore quarters: Shoulder, long, smooth, oblique, extending into back.-........... 3 Arm short: thrown forward Sece--- ss. = eee enor eeeeceee eens eee 1 Forearm, muscled long: wide assess 5 ser eee ate ae eer ee 2 Knees, clean, wide, straight, deep, strongly supported....-....... 2 Cannons, short, wide sinews large, set back ........-.-....------- 2 Retlocks: wide) straights. oci-mcon eee eee eee one Bars SUP 1 Pasterns, strong, angle with ground 45 degrees.....-.....----..-- 3 Feet, size medium, even; horn dense; frog large; bars strong; soleiconcave: heel wide, high occ ecc.nccomes- ce cmer ese aesestee 8 |2.2. eee Body: Chests.deep low; girth large 2s ccecleecnmnbeces ---eeseceh eee eee 8 lvavs cbaemeseloceneeeaees Ribs; long Aprune, Close aces sare smsiv ote eee ee siinioe cee anaes 2 | ccc néceoueen| [eee Back straight, short, broad, muscled este peeesss-eeeee cee sees 2 |... eS oins: wide: shortithieki:: ase sss hoe eee cede eeeee coe eee 2 062k eee Underline: lone ssilank letidowmnyass2oJo ss.) eee mene 1 | sc.0 Sea eee Hind quarters: Eipsssmooth wide mlevel:-cbisesmacierc eee e ge eeeeee eee Ribs; longs; Close cSpnuMerec 2... ec aise de Game e eee tae eee aees Back, straight, short,.broad, muscilar..2-252.. (a5 see eee eee homs: widershort, thick, straignts 2255... ce een eee des eee ener Underline stank low'i se > Sost rae ee eee ae eee ee Hind quarters: Hips smoobhs (wide: Ssscccsace'ss ase claacte eaters eee eee ee Croup; wide muscular. 35,02 o ase yee eyo ee ae ene Tail attached high; well carrieds. 2256-5 eGo se eee eee Thighs muscu: 5k ey Ce ase me Seperate eee eae eee Quarters deep, heavily muscleGirs ss). tan sae eee eee ee ees Gaskins (or lower thighs), wide, muscled...............---------- Hocks, clean/eut. wide. strais ti ae soos sees ace ae eee eee Cannons, short, wide; sinews large, set back ........-......------ Fetlocks wide. straight. Sivome set sess eal ce terns eeeemeny e ee Pasterns. sloping, strong. lene thive 2.6 nee sse sone a aeceeeeoees Feet, size large, even; horn dense; dark color; sole concave; bars strong; frog large, elastic; heel wide, one-half length of tociandverticalstomro uma ee ee eee ee ee Legs, viewed from behind, a perpendicular line from the point of the buttock should fall upon the center of the hock, cannon, pastern, and foot; from the side, a perpendicular line from the hip joint should fall upon the center of the foot and divide the gaskin in the middle, and a perpendicular line from the point pe of the buttock should run parallel with the line of the cannon. ction: Walksmoothy quick. long, balancedtes.-2 ss ose seeeee eee ates Prot rapid, (siraieht, neoulari cw arc nee ees ee eee eee eee Parts deficient. Student’s score. Corrected. = eS “zs THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. College of Agriculture of the University of Illinois. 27 Seale of points. Perfect score. Student’s score. Corrected. ASewestim ated si———- ACtUals ——— SoS seco s cee eees eee oseteeieee Seve General appearance—22 points: | 1. Height, estimated, —— hands; actual, —— hands ..........-.| 2. Weight, over 1,600 pounds; estimated, —— pounds; actual, | —— pounds; score according to age ..........-...-.-.....--- S-eHorms broad, massive) proportioned: 2222-22. 2-22-2222 -2206-- | 4. Quality, bone smooth, hard; tendons lean; skin and hair fine-| 5. Temperament, energetic; disposition good...-.....-.-...----- Head and neck—8 points: 6. Head, lean; size medium 7. Muzzle, fine; nostril large; lips thin, ever 8. Eyes, large, full, bright, clear OMBHOLeh en Geno aces tills ays ane re see Sos Ok See we ecins eee i), 1Shues,, Size maveohtbhans {yelp aeeblos wee soeosseecoseosecesosesbece | 11. Neck, muscled; crest high; throatlatch fine; windpipe large.}| Fore quarters—22 points: 12. Shoulders, sloping, smooth, snug, extending into back...-.-.- Me ATIM MS OGGS soca s crescent eae c as eaeiianeee clue Setierinis clsigieicte a= 14. Forearm, heavily muscled, long, wide ..-.-----........-....--- 15. Knees, wide, clean cut, straight, deep, strongly supported... . 16. Cannons, short, lean, wide; sinews large, set back.-....-.-..- 17. Pasterns, moderately sloping, medium length, strong; fet- Lloekshwld CSstrano tem= ssa) oe ce wesees wens eae see esc 18. Feet, size large, even; horn dense; sole concave; bars strong; frog large, elastic; heel wide, one-half length of toe and vertical to ground 19. Legs, viewed in front, a perpendicular line from the point of the shoulder should fall upon the center of the knee, can- non, pastern, and foot; from the side, a perpendicular line dropping from the center of the elbow joint should fall eon the center of the knee and pastern joints and back of hoo. Body—- points: 20. Chest, deep, wide, low; girth large. _..-....-...-.----.--+----- PARED SOM SA ClOSCHSPEUIN G2 ainsi cee cise i-esee MEE ce eee eee cee 22 Back Sirueht., Short) broad, muscular: 22-222. a-22-2--se26- PD UOMMS aA eeSh Orn, UoiCkstralonitjs-—2-5--\5-cso02-s0e=esee2e - 24. Underline, flank low Hind quarters—29 points: f DOMMES SIN OO Usa wa CO ispe cereals paps orain, spaisia (era) = ise. e)aioaisiene aielee Se seeeisc . Croup, long, wide, muscular . Tail, attached high, well carried.-.-.-_-.-- BC cle sean ees Hen ae . Quarters, deep, heavily muscled, thighs muscular.........--- . Gaskins (or lower thighs), wide, well muscled..............-- . Cannons, short, wide; sinews large, set back..............---. . Pasterns, moderately sloping, strong, medium length; fet- LOCKSawiCexstraiohGater ssa san a= sees ee ace ne Se seers Sesseae . Feet, size large, even; horn dense; sole concave; bars strong; frog large, elastic; heel wide, one-half length of toe and vertical to ground . Legs, viewed from behind, a perpendicular line from the point of the buttock should fall upon the center of the hock, cannon, pastern, and foot; from the side, a perpendicular line from the hip joint should fall upon the center of the foot and divide the gaskin in the middle; and a perpendicular line from the point of the buttock should run parallel with Hew elo mUbecann Ole cecescsens tee -aience ee nese sec aseioce Action—10 points: 5 30. Walk, smooth, quick, long, balanced!s----...-.:--.-..--.------- 36. Trot, rapid, straight 28 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. School of Agriculture of Purdue University. Same as the Illinois card (see p. 27) for draft horses, with the following exceptions: Under arm, read ‘‘short, thrown back;’’ under pastern, read ‘‘sloping, lengthy, strong; fetlocks wide, straight;”’ under gaskins, read ‘‘ wide, muscled;’’ under hind pasterns, read ‘sloping, lengthy; fetlocks wide, straight;’’ under action, read ‘‘ trot rapid, straight, regular.” Iowa State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts. an : 3 Perfect Seale of points for gelding. penal De APO lacs ied Bea wie ote Se mie(e as Sods w'ce's cin stale Setereln otee oe beleriecisiclas Sse eee eee ea rs General appearance: 2, Helght —— NanGS. 2. cscs cent scan cecccsed cuescee aes scecechenccese.scehee see beeen” 3. Weight, over 1,500 pounds, — pounds; score according to age....--.--.------------- 4 4. Form, broad, massive, low set, proportioned....-------0----------6-hes see 4 5. Quality, bone clean, yet indicating sufficient substance; tendons distinct; skin and fs WAIT ANE 2-5-2 rade Soc se Roe ees Sete eee ee ee See ee te ete eee 6.. Temperament, energetic; disposition good -.2....-.2-------+-csseee ene nee eeeee 4 Head and neck: 7. Head, lean; size medium. <0. 2552 oc0sc ces oeee te ckcee ss ects ceeme ee SEES EEE Eee 1 8. Muzzle, fine; nostrils large; lips thim, eyem=22222.--2-2sesccces saee cee eee eee eee eee ib 9. Eyes; full, bright; clear, large:...5. 522.0 sch ce cece etic soe ewido ssn oe eee eee 1 10: Forehead’, broad, full i222. IO ASSIVGs cnet: ones eee oes bee Sobek cee esesecme s Quality, bone clean, hard; skin lying close to bone and tendons; hair fine Heads mediumsize, lean, intelligent ....5.2...i.-2-.sccseecccs- =: Muzzle, fine; nostrils wide, open; lips thin, even..............--. EVES epPLOMUMeni bri shits Cleat cea ree taeecn se ace noe ceene bees OTE MEAG LOA NUM 22 rs jae cease SO Sne wate a)cinieiiweeajeeinis Wecicee Ears, rather short, but pointed, well carried...................-.. Neck, inclined to be short, deep at junction with body; crest high; UTAH S OO Gey ee ype skies Sates cia Sec iaroeta ciate nieve le eave ctu etalarie erases Shoulder, smooth, moderately upright, muscles covering blade well developed FP maha ns Ue a ok clas Sees cals ein ein ela eeiwio es Selsiceaseseeee | Knees, wide, deep, straight, strong ............-------2-0-2e20-0-- Cannons, short, flat, lean; sinews large ................-..-------- LRASTIEIIMNS SIO iy CUO teas Soe oSeCR eter ae Seee Cee serra sericeices Feet, not flat, large: horn dense; frog well developed, elastic; | heels wide, full, TO UMM epee ee wicise sees eee een ieee emeaee | y: Chest, deep, broad, full; girth large Backersinaiehin SHOrk, wells muscled \22-2---- 2-5-2 - 2-2 eee - OUO Say CLOGS Oster eet eee atc, er ES ta ar ein Ribs, well sprung, making round barrel ............---.---------- Hips, smooth, wide apart ........ Croup mWeluMUSCLEGNWwidE2e. ee ceaase os cece at sscce wine's sesee sees Tail, well carried, attached high Thighs, full, muscular, thick through the hams........--..-....- Quariersndeep, thoroushly muscled 22: 222.- 222-22 sa--05ees---- ee Gaskins wides museles/outstamding ee i=. 4.2. 4.52.22 ecee~ ec - se Hockssshort, at; siInews prominent--.--+-2-----2++-+---2ses sees = IPASCCLUS SSM OLS ULOU yee cee pene eee en ion Son aias Wane eL nse Feet, not flat, large; horn dense; frog well developed, elastic; heels wide, full, round 32 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. College of Agriculture of the University of Minnesota. Perfect Seale of points for gelding. score « ABC adic eteieiics veces cic cae me clans aselmelaietatela efulelae] ae estate telaraintalate lie ate te tele eet Gena appearance: D. RGIS be ac ecigmi= Sie maa eine =tm ln ja/=(ele(niata/=roiminletninta mists etsint= mie sale yeep tal= et tet ete 3. Weight, over 1,500 pounds; estimated, —— pounds; score according to age ......----. 4. Form, broad, massive; proportioned’. 5: S225 neea. cee eee bees ciee eee eee eee bs Quality, bone clean, fine, yet indicating sufficient substance; tendons lean; skin and 6; Temperament, energetic; disposition’ SOOO. oo. oe cw ec cele cee een lee cee eee Head and neck: 7.° Head, lean; size medium: ..s e425 c.steee = sane e oes niersto eye's ae ='='et 8. Muzzle, fine: nostrils large; lips thin, even. ---2-25--encecee Jens = eee =i eee : 9. Eyes; full, bright, clear, large .c:.< =): sci2 <2 cee ees soci eee ecole eee eee 10. Forehead; broad, full. 2 2.55 casi. ace neon: yess se nese - Eee Seee ees = eee ae ee 11. Ears, size ‘medium: well carried........-))cesieeeste ee dies peo. ee 12. Nec k, muscled; crest high; throatlatch fine; windpipe large Fore quarters: 13: Shoulders, moderately sloping, smooth, Snug 5.5. --<-sceees cece ces «scene eee eee eee eee 14. Arm, short, thrown LOLWard) 2 cindc dias cook qos neciepicpice seieicieiqeain:slesa Sele ae eee aly, Forearm, heavily muscled, lomg, Wide): ...42 2 sot)stise cisions ans eee PCE EEE eee 16. Knees, wide, clean cut, straight, deep, strongly supported...............--...-------- 17. Cannons, short, wide; tendons large, set back -22 2-2-2 5-e.----<- = se eee eee 18. Fetlocks; wide; ‘straight, strong: 222-5. -c2 = 0c cece ene cece doce ete See eee eee 19. Pastern, ‘sloping, lengthy, strong’: <2 .< sc /s2o- -cneeeo See eee 35. Fetlocks, wide, straight, strong ....-<..0.2----senee+sss0 eee ese sccen + oe eee eee 36.. 'Pasterns, sloping, strong, lengthy... 2.02... 2..3--ceeseca conse ene crseeee see 37. Feet, size large, even; straight; horn dense; color dark; sole concave; bars strong; frog large, elastic; heel wide, high, one-half length of toe 38. Legs, viewed from behind, a perpendicular line from the point of the buttock should fall upon the center of the hock, cannon, pastern, and foot; from the side, a per- pendicular line from the hip joint should fall upon the center of the foot and di- vide the gaskin in the middle; and a perpendicular line from the point of the but- r tock should run parallel with the line/of the Cannon ©2222... sees se eeeeeenee 4 ction: 39. Walk, smooth, quick, long; balances. o.c.2cccec= see a- eee ee = oe eee 6 40.. Trot, rapid, free, straight, regular... ooccsec< een soe odes ee ese ene eee 4 NRNMONNNENNW HNN hNt ~ a> Total... ascence nk act te ees See Loe se eee Soe ee eee eat nae eee 100 THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. 33 College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, University of Missouri. @ | . Perfect) Students’ Seale of points. eOR. score, | Corrected. General appearance: | Height, estimated, —— hands; actual, —— hands................|.-..---.|.----------- [Pas serecenae ra Weight, over 1,500 pounds; estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— | pounds; score according to age ..........--.-------.----.------- Gig ey trea ehe eo eV Sie Sage sia Form, low, massive, well proportioned ............---.----------- Gig eae [eels ak Quality—bone clean, flat; tendons lean; skin and hair fine ..--.. Ae ea ee 8 ee CY ae Temperament, energetic; disposition good .....-..........-...--- 2 Aner bare as iistin excrete Action—step smooth, quick, long, balanced; trot rapid, straight, HABWI so ceqdoacsoduas onoe uo aanoop Seo qUauUoDbEEsoeSGoubDSGoUbeaae NOMSSEG ee aosdadlinsasesasecdS Head and neck: Ker dreleamsize mm e divas see e ecto croicia yelsate eerie sisi o~ eee se sie Se DEV ae Sarcteleisleiejelshaeeclotte Muzzle, fine; nostrils large; lips thin, even.........-.....--.-.--- aD Oy ae as oe a rete Nerapet cha tb IBGE) bl loMMEd a COUCH Oe sy a one po soo bao Boer ESeaBa ES Seeeaaae ass ZA SPAS SIE ae as, eae Horeteadyoroade tll Ch ye DOs eee ie See ee Queene os see 1 Meee see [Seas eas Ears, size medium; well carried, wide apart ............-....----- Ye gra alec i ES a eA Neck, well muscled, crest high; throatlatch fine; windpipe large. De eae cia Esra eaatte eee Fore quarters: Shoulders, only slightly sloping, smooth, extending into back ...| Ora orate Dramas ALE RR ND Cute Che Ve ANTHING, SOVon, Wao WAN |DENCliG SE Sods aa nnonneo soe pe eda spe ae see Sone Ranar | USSR NET yee Ue At cea Forearms, long, wide, heavily muscled ....................-------| Daa Nyt 9 1el PSN Se Knees, wide, clean cut, straight, strongly supported........--.-.. PW eae sae el Sues etn eyegeT Cannons, short, vertical, lean, wide, flat...........-..-.......---- Que ie Nae ata peyote | eae eet Fetlocks, wide, straight, strong ...........------------------------ ANG eeaes epee ts | Marna esi ers Pasterns, sloping, strong, thick; angle with ground 45 degrees .-.. Di Sea hare eycll eicy ey sscus rope eeeiat Feet, round; size large, even; horn dense; sole concave; bars strong; frog large, elastic; heel wide, one-half length of toe.... Ope ogee ao |S areas hae Fore legs, viewed in front, a perpendicular line from the point of the shoulder should fall upon the center of the knee, can- non, pastern, and foot; from the side a perpendicular line dropping from the center of the elbow joint should fall upon | the center of the knee and pastern joints and back of hoof..... 4 [ooceceectesejseesee eects Body: | Chestadeepmwadey cinta laneer: 4. 95-4.- 5-6 eae eons e-iicince a ose eg ey orate eee Withers, smooth, not prominent, well muscled .........-.....--.- I [occossosossallososouousdes Ribs; long, wide apart, well sprung.......:..----..----.--+---2-.- COIN Pen San as arc a oa oo, Back, short, straight, broad, well muscled...--....--------------- DAW dey pe tsa aN |e epee ct te Ne HOIMsStawacdensh outst Cle gs ae Ae shee ele eeis ese oe elas cscs gestern Dell aaey aici | ete cae IM, NOY Soaedebe SSC Oe Sree TES Trae ee ae eS Lah pce tesa es ate fal es ea 3 Hind quarters: TEtios, SAO OUM, WAKKBs oo o500scosaecacaonaqqoaKGdodoooddGnacoeuueseneT NI Seas ere ay sates al teeta vate scree Croup, wide, muscular, somewhat oblique...........-..-...------ POR ese elt eee Me | ot SNL aa ey Tail, attached high, full, well carried............--.....---..-.--. SUA a rep ae alo Se A oe Mi shssellomUscledizas. sso css ec ecscise Sacis ae cieisteceisi ce siete Selecta wis Ds Ra sees Ee LY [Ia aes US Buttocks, heavily muscled, wide........---- CO ek Mi eo aN alec ue IO UM Quarters, deep, heavily muscled ............ Z Din atau NS SM oval yore teers Sal Hockeswaderstran slits CleamiCuitj mess sseeecet eee nae scene secececee AUIS Meperecets Dyeagelly eee pies OU WamMOMS SHOR Widens Hie) \cj erste sess iaieielsaienrs wiojeaie alclcis a ee cis Cis OS ie ae ee he aA Fetlocks, wide, straight, strong ...........-.-----..... ..2-------- i Ne ihe a oe eel ae tS RASHEENS AS OPIN StLOMe cee nos ac coe acs Se eeiinne Ane sciee Man ecewinge ce MeL NE ecu a ea ee uh opera Hind feet, compared with forefeet, more oval, more concave; heels higher; walls more vertical ----2-222.-.-2-+----22005------ quieras ea ereicl| eve Seater eet Hind legs, viewed from behind, a perpendicular line from the point of the buttock should fall upon the center of the hock, cannon, pastern, and foot; from the side, a perpendicular line from the hip joint should fall upon the center of the foot and divide the lower thigh in the middle, and a perpendicular line from the point of the buttock should run parallel to the line Olt WAS Cohn couse vaqaEoseo aoussaeo be SORE ea aeane Sal TOE onaeseese Aa beiote ceyemiaye a ae Sissies eters IRC Cen) Weenie cre car tape ae ae Hata Lee ts Lea eel SURE NG Tae ae Lia ene! TOON eyse So cseeedl se eisisirs eee 1403—No. 61—04——3 BUREAU OF ANIMAL iNDUSTRY. North Dakota Agricultural College. . eee | Points deficient. z A A Perfect |;— Seale of points for gelding.a score. | Student's Gocco score. J | ABC, Sa wo sonic nice nw ncn a ais Serene maccceacce phen e cesses comes pine eet |niefes—e eae ee General appearance: | | Height, estimated, ——; actual, ——-... 2.5.1. 2265-62 cce ec sweese|--o2-eeo}oeeeE aan ee Weight, over 1,500 pounds; estimated, —— pounds; score accord- INS TO!BL Cs 2 oak Slee ew Shwe aeac wenn sacee eee ae eee ope See eeee 4 ow ee en Horm, broad, massive, proportioned J2---= asec eo eee eee eee ee 4. nce ee Quality, bone smooth,*hard; tendons lean; hair and skin fine....- 8 |... ocnteneeee ee Temperament, energetic; disposition good.........-....-.---.---- 5: | s+. seein =n eer Head and neck: Head: lean-size medium: 225-2 Sscee ooo ae ee cee eaee Seat 1 |. cece ee ee Muzzle, fine; nostrils large; lips thin, even ...............---..... L | ooo de dane eer Hyes; full; bright.iclear. 223556 on: 2f ee ee eee eee eee | i ee es eo .- Forehead; broad, full oe ae eo eee eee eee eee 2 jawee sce oe eee Kars, size mediim: well cared s2.- eset. ce een ee) eee ere i ee ree kes. .- - Neck, muscled; crest high; throatlatch fine; windpipe large..... i Peery eee ee. Fore quarters: | Shoulder, sloping, smooth, snug, extending into back........-..- 3 |... 052 2o-ee el eee Arm short, CurOWwn DACK. fee nc sce cen eee cee Eee oe eee eee eae 1 | L232 eee eee Forearm, heavily muscled, long, wide........--...---...-----.--- acne ee | Rae ase Knees, wide, clean-cut, straight, deep, strongly supported -..---- yA Pee ee = ee es ea Cannons, short, lean, wide; sinews large, set back ........-.....- Plas age PES! 2 | oo Se Wetlocks: wide; straight,strome 225-2 - seas ccen tere si eee eee pa ees Pasterns;sloping, lengthy, strong:--.-2--.5-<-2 eee eee eee eee Be ee ED foot oS Feet, size large, even; horn dense; sole concave; bars strong; frog large, elastic; heel wide, one-half length of toe and ver- UIKEEI I Fo) C0) FOL Bee pend oncogene Bap ri eone ato Sada ses ane saSesas 8 jo 2206 ete see) = ee Chest, deep, wide, low; girth NATL O's orgs ene cee Se eae 2 | anne ae eee Ribs, jong, sprung, COB ce ee en ee 2 |... lee Back, Straight, short, broad, muscular: on... snacseee eee aoe See 2 |... sche Loins, wide, short, thick, straight RE EE eet oo seNE Ua ereHee a Pees el 8 Underline fan kelowes 22. ne sos eee eee ee 1 |. sence ee Hind quarters: Hips; Smooth, widest an. t-nceseatsars lesen a ee neeeet ena coer ys EN Se ey Croup, wide, AUBCURE 13 sett casa to ee eee nD 3 Tail, attached high? well carriedisss3i233- acne ees 1 |... bot eee Thighs musewlan si. -- ecoccen toc aecce lee sme treme ma aaaets bcemas 2 | ho ccsdete ele Quarters; heavily muscled;-deep > *s i272 Satie ee ee 43) Sena MeSGe a 2. Gaskins (or lower thighs), ates muscled Bp pees seins Soon Nyt, Spntirs: © 9 | nanan eS ee Hocks, clear cut, wide, straight. Beate Sina se oe OEE Eee 8 |... eee Seen eee Cannons, short, wide; sinews large. set back 2!) 22 eee im ee als eh Petlocks! wide: straight, strony so -2. = oes ee ee eee eee ee 1 |. 222s saeee alee Pasterns, sloping, strong, lensthy. oss2c-ceee cee scene ee bee eee 2 |i. ceee ee oneel Feet, size large, even; horn dense; color dark; sole concave; bars strong; frog large, elastic; heel wide, one-half length of toeand ‘vertical to 2rounG? 2-22 ec 1c coe eee eae ee 6 |. occayseute 4] ae Action, step smooth, quick, long; trot rapid, straight, regular. . Ie Poe es eee Totalias Stes se ee Se ae ene re eee ee 100 |. -22i ee le eee Mstimated marketivalue. .. 2005 So ge eee se eae aoe eee cea ee lee ae 2 oon SUE ae a After Craig. Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College. Same as the Colorado card (see p. 26) for draft horses, w ith the omission of ‘‘age’’ and “height” and the omission of the term ‘‘muscular’’ under ‘“‘back.’’ There are also some slight changes in phraseology, THE Pennsylvania State College. SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. Seale of points. Points off. Eyes, prominent, clear, intelligent, expressive Objections, small, sunken, vicious, wild. Head, clean cut; face straight, wide between the eyes; ears of fair size but not sluggish; nostrils large, open; lower jaw strong, clean; lips HRY MBIT te gs re wee aries fee einianacieeic sini ete ee eis ete ie mise eee teense = Objections, narrow, thick, beefy, dish face> Neck, symmetrical in length and proportions, strong; full at crest; clean cut,at throttle Objections, too short, thick; low at crest. Shoulders, well rounded, muscular, moderately sloping; strong at base; | well finished at withers Objections, lacking in muscle, too upright. Chest, deep, full, prominent, with good width Objections, narrow, sunken. Forearm, well formed, well joined, strong, muscular....--....--.....---- Barrel, round, with well sprung ribs and full heart girth; back short, strong _ Objections, narrow, ribs too straight. Coupling, smooth, strong, full, close ribbed, extending evenly over the | OOUINE CL WNE AMIS eS sa ccoconc seace sses en asbo os benes ae neo aGeoaa Sees acemer| Objections, loose; sunken loin, high flank. Quarters, symmetrical, medium length and width, not too sloping, well rounded, muscular Objections, narrow, too short, too steep. Tail, full, well set, fine in quality Objections, coarse, stiff. Stifles and gaskins, muscular, full, short, strong Objections, lacking in muscle. Hoek, sound, wide, strong, without too great an angle and free from meatiness Objections, narrow, puffed, meaty. Knees, neither sprung nor calf kneed, broad, straight, strong............ Objections, narrow, weak, crooked. | Cannons, short, flat, broad, smooth, fine quality, yet with abundant SWDSHUMG Ckee essen aS Sa a ra ores siwozs cise area ajar lays ore a cvamtD ists wer eeIOe Objections, round, spongy, deficient in size. | Pasterns, strong, medium length, sound, clean, sloping Objections, too short, stiff. Feet, medium height, good size, round, straight, squarely set, free from contracted heels; soles and walls tough; frog full elastic Objections, flat, shelly; narrow, contracted. Color, characteristic of breed Size, fifteen-three to sixteen-three hands and weight proportional Coat and skin: skin soft, pliable; hair fine, silky Objections, coarse, shaggy; hide unyielding. Action, strong, elastic, straight, even, vVigorous.......-..--.-.------------ Objections, low headed, awkward, sluggish. | Symmetry and style, well proportioned; position of horse when standing | and carriage when in motion, easy, graceful, strong...-......--.------- Soon oce550 Notr.—Under the head of ‘‘ Objections”’ only a few of the most common arenamed. Other defects should be scored according to their importance. South Dakota Agricultural College. Same as the Iowa card (see p. 28) for draft horses, with the exception that under form the term “low set’’ is omitted. 36 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. The State Agricultural and Mechanical College of the University of Tennessee. F Perfect) Student’s Seale of points. sarin Reore A. General appearance: 1. Weight, 1,500 pounds or over; age; ——=; color, —— -...2..02---.c-ce- c++ eec|oeeseeee | eee eee eee 2. Height, 14 hands and up; estimated, hands; actual, —— hands...-..-. 4)! 5.0 Sey See 3. Conformation, broad ;massive, proportioned)... 2... ses-2-s2 25-62 eee aan 4) 0 4. Quality, bone smooth; tendons well defined; skin and hair fine..........- 6 |. Laces 5. Action, step smooth, long, active; trot rapid, straight, regular..........--. 8° eee eee 6. Temperament, energetic; disposition LOO, esse sas rses neg sens.s scenes 4\2.)). 3 eee B. Head and neck: 7. Head, well defined: size mediums sess. --5-e se ncncee lees noone ee eee 1 8. Muzzle, fine; nostrils large; lips thin, corresponding ...............-...... 1 9, Byes; full, bright, clear; eyelidsiovall-.2-c= .- eee eee eee ee eee ee eee 1 10. Forehead, broad) full. 2 os. nse ccen apenas sleceoe ee Cee neds - eee ee eee | 1 11. Ears, size medium; well carried soe <:. 22 see weea cee oe ee eon nae eee | 1 12. Neck, muscled; crest high; throatlatch fine; windpipe large .issoscnee one | 1 C. Fore quarters: 13. Shoulder, long, smooth, oblique, extending into back...................-..| 2: | 2S 14, Arm, short, muscled, thrown downward and backward; forearm well muscled, long, WAGE sat Stsce fia be ate aR eee ue rR een By Pauses 15. Knees, clean, wide, straight, deep, strongly supported; cannons short, wide;>tendons large, set back... U..soce 2d: ccc coesmaece seco ecion eee er enae 6 lh Jeet 16. Fetlocks, wide, straight, strong; pasterns, strong, sloping ...-......-------- 4 |e eee 17. Feet,size medium,even; horn dense; sole concave; bars strong; frog| —iJ..__....--- prominent, clastic; heels wider.) s.ssccssssca- > seen e eee ne eee eee 6) |: eee eee D. Body: | 18. Withers* welll mtiscled a. scties senses cease ec ae eee 2 19. Chest, deep, wide, low? igirth large. 3c gosass eek ees Sots ea eee Pals 20. Ribs, iong, sprung, CIORE ooo coos os se sees eel ee 2 21 Back: straight, short broadsmuscled seceessssses see eee eee ee eee 2 22° Loins; wide, short, thick <)-2 5:25.22 cele ache ss see oe eee Rear ee ee OEE ed 2 23; Underline, long; Hank! let: downs... ssssc. scence nee Se eee ace 1 E. Hind quarters: 24. Hips, smooth, wide, level; croup, long, wide, muscular.................--.- 4 |. sti See 25. Tail, ‘attached high, well carried 22.52 .i sc. ei ce lee eae | 1] 4it.. cee 26. Thighs, long muscular cease. oe ee eacnaemecees CS ee Crete rte eae 2- Si eae 27; Quarters, heayilymuscledideep fo. cccsm-sicceen en sees one eee eee eee 2's See merece 28. (Gaskin wide! muscled. -Gacu-c Fetlocks, wide, straight strone=-c2222- scenes sete aaseeemeee ene 1 Pasterng: wide; straiohtistron piss se- ess) 2 soca aa ecto eee en! 3 Feet, size large, even; horn dense; sole coneave; bars strong; frog large, elastic; heel wide, one-half length of toe and Vertes to PTOUNG. 2ohee see ees en he ee eee ee eee 8 Body—9 points: Chest idtep! wide, dow; girth large. 5.220 sccse eee eeeeen eee 2 Ribs, deep, well sprung, closely ribbed to hip ......-........... 2 Back.-straight.short, broad, museular: =) 5285" 522222 sesso eee 2 Loins; thick, wide, short, Straipmisss.s 52.0 sence es een 2 Underline: flamkilow cee aecciessae ooee sees eee oe ee eee 1 Hind quarters—82 points: ps! wide: SMOObh es jecce ae esa sacieeae sea ec ac eae ee een 2 Croup, wides muscullan i202 cae tenc = sepa ne aetna aemeeie eee 3 Thighs deep, heavily muscled 2c 52242 22 tes ee assent eee 4 Stifles: stronssmuscalar:< =. sso k ses eee sees a eee on ee 2 Gaskins (or lower thighs), wide, muscular...............-.-.-.. 2 Hocks, clean cut, wide, straight, strong :....2:--.---...-.---.-- 8 Cannons, short, wide; tendons large setback 237s. ssacsn nee 2 Fetlocks, wide, straight, Stronpins isso ise oe ee eee eee 1 Pasterns; strong, sloping, lengthy .s2. sce. sce. net eee eee eee 2 Feet, size large, even; horn dense; color dark; sole concave; bars strong; frog large, elastic; ‘heel wide, one-half length ontoeandverticalitoeround 2ac-cs sede wasn neeeeneetceae 6 Total's T4238 lee akecs aes ee eee ee ee 100 THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. MULES. 39 State Agricultural and Mechanical College of the University of Tennessee. . Perfect) Student’s Seale of points. aconal Sear. | A. General appearance: 1. Weight, 900-1,200 pounds; age, ——; color, ——.......-....--------2-------|-------- [ieee eee 2. Height, 14 hands and up; estimated, —— hands; actual, —— hands ...--- Aeon ee Aes SCOMORM HON SyIMmMetricalwsmOOthe 2-55-48 sa see = ane ee aoe eee eels a2 icl- go ee a Se re 4. Quality, bones clean; tendons defined; skin and hair fine .........--....- Aes tee Pane hee 5. Action, step smooth, long, active; trot rapid, straight, regular -..--.---.-. DO etre eer 6. Temperament, energetic: good disposition Bele HES ae bE AIEEE STIS ieee SOS AG ioe NEE eae) B. Ge and neck: Head, well enmedaecizenne dium ewe ies ORR aye a ee FD Saas ues Sau 8 Muzzle, fine; nostrils large; lips thin and corresponding........-----.---- or eect eta ere 9. Eyes, fall, pright, CED RE Rises tases ae ie CANE ea ane Sate eee Seals 11 HE SSUES eee ota TNgRoOreherdshataprodds MMS: 2 oS. Sans ccc cc mee ck aac] oases eines e sense cies iDes| Sos ye aA iieehanrsslanrceswellicarried tapers: -oa-ss-20---S- -es ose ee ce cece ee ee esse nO eed nae De Neck, muscled, crested; throatlatch detined; windpipe large.........---- Hd aes eye C. Fore quarters: 13. Shoulder, long, sloping, well TUS lees ay eee cy te rE EA Sree Pe ee 14, Arm, short, muscled, thrown well forward and backward; forearm well muscled, ‘long, LCL a ee een ae aninneaniety YS Sell ha Tete a Bieseusees spe 15. Knees, wide, clean, straight, deep, well supported; cannons short, wide; tendons welll efined teeta soi eee eae ee wae See ee tone Pae so neeae See AC estrus ias 16.. Fetlocks, wide, straight, strong; pasterns short, clean, straight, angle with ground 45 GeSKe egress een ae eee sors Stns eect = coe sciac ees Bo) eae NO PU 17. Feet, size medium, even; horn dense; sole concave; bars strong; frog prominent, elastic; heel Wie sg es ea eaere sien, serene Secs e cients ue semaeaye = a Withers, smooth, well muscled, continuous with neck and back Rae eked tai | Dis ek eiemanaise est 2 oay: | OMm@inesind cepslows eintlnlarcieese es asses een. Se eee see nan eae ee eligi | eee ee (eS LOMAS MTU Se CLOSE ee cys sieis os awere ote w oie rere eineis Sane sleeisloieiaaciomwise oS ci Di We poh Reus lis Wl, ACK, Soe yes ne, Savor, yell mn eleGloe- e-~see- poaseosos sac aeacouseeeacoseene Dy sere eee [eee DORE LOIS saWwAG GeeshOnte Line kes oases sea yeke sos Sania ae nine Seen Se mace eeices Duleenaates eed QR, Windladbinves Ioakson hha ea lO\y peaeee ees econo ono e eee mececors Sap eence rar mcnaeans xD (DR eee a aes E. Hind quarters: 24. Hip, smooth, wide, level; croup wide, muscular .......................--- Ai ee ees 25. Tail, attached high, Srellicarnicce mune Carnie aa hae ee AMG; | ees ese 26. Thighs, lone=well; muscled opentaneledee sens s a pease see ae see Queene Scenes 27. Quarters, heavily muscled, deep Eee a eae sie eos se soe EA Soe eine aes Drill yao ees Lg See CreAS KLIP WH CLO se TINUI SCL CG tee narel terete mei wea nic eis nis SiePee sera cialis seicleleiaiaienw Siete issih Eta soya aa 29. Hocks, wide, well defined, strongly supported, straight; cannons short, | wide; tendons SC iba @kses satan crest ce anisine os as Seni rertne Soma waar Oy Sete eee 30. Fetlocks, wide, straight; pasterns, short, angle with ground 55 degrees... De PAE cera 31. Feet, medium size, even; horn dense; frog prominent, elastic; barsstrong; solerconcavies Neelehigl, wideeaccnccccecseness sao oe ec esse eee Beil Reet eel tates ne SRO 5 po ahesescoecada Sa Sees DP OnCES Cas SOR aE Onc Oe JaARBSe Sie SEO CRRA RASS aeraE HOOD esse Bremer aes 40 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. BEEF CATTLE. Ce ie fy) A eer “af | Lehre / oe Fic. 2.—Points of beef cattle, side view. 1. Muzzle. 13. Dewlap. 23. Crops. 31. Hip, point of hip, 2. Mouth. 14. Top of neck, or crest. 25, Ribs, or barrel. hook, or hook bone. 3. Nostril. 16. Top of shoulder. 26. Fore flank. 32. Rump. 7. Eye. 17. Shoulder. 27. Back, or chine. 33. Tailhead. 8. Ear. 18. Point of shoulder. 28. Loin. 35. Buttocks. ‘9. Poll. 19. Arm. 29. Hind flank. 36. Thigh. 10. Horn. 20. Shank. 30. Underline, or bot- 38. Hock. 11. Neck. 21. Brisket. tom line. 40. Navel. 12. Throat. 22. Topline. Cw SS \ / E < \\ ‘ OW) y at \ i NOK f --3¥} ‘ \ \ f Sai lop: y | \We t i Ye 24% i Eek 3S| y . A ‘ \ No" ave ' ft: x 4 f ‘ ‘ : Zi NN 1K- i! p / (l y, Lx , f J up f ] fj Wy | / y q ! “a Gh. ve ell NEN he Fig. 3.—Points of beef cattle, front and rear views. 4. Lips. 15. Neck vein, or shoul- 21. Brisket. 35. Buttocks. 5. Face. der vein. 24. Girth. 37. Twist. 6. Forehead, 18. Point of shoulder. 34. Pin bones. 39. Purse. THE Alabama Polytechnic Institute. SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. 41 Seale of points. General appearance: Weight, score according to age Form, straight, deep, broad, low set, stylish; top and underline parallel Quality, firm handling; hair fine; skin pliable; bone dense; evenly fleshed Condition, deep, even covering of firm flesh, especially in region of valuable cuts Objections, undersize; unequal development; too fine bone; patchiness. we ee eee eee ee ee eee eee ee eee eee Head and neck: Muzzle, broad, moist; mouth large; jaw wide; nostrils large.... Eyes, large, clear, placid Face, short, quiet, expressive Forehead, broad, full Ears, size medium; texture fine..........- Horns, oval; texture fine; size medium Neck, short, thick; chest clean Objections, coarse or slim head. Fore quarters: Shoulder vein, full, meeting shoulders well Shoulder, covered with flesh,medium broad above Brisket, advanced; breast wide Dewlap, skin not too loose and drooping Legs, straight, short; arm full; shank fine, smooth Objections, coarse or high shoulder points; narrow breast. , Body: Chest, full, deep, wide; girth large; crops full Ribs, long, arched, thickly fleshed....................- Back, broad, straight, smooth, eyen LO, Welk, OREO RSs cesosesancce roan aes peCce Seca seDseaeer estar Flank, full, even with underline..................-.....------.- Shiccuons; narrow, shallow chest; thin loin; flat ribs; narrow ack. Hind quarters: Hips, smoothly covered; distance apart in proportion to other ACS Pereira saree a isierale sic stsice Seems caisson ene Rump, long, wide, even; tailhead smooth, not patchy Pin bones, not prominent, far apart....,...............------.-- Thighs, full, deep, wide WAS Et Geep a plUMNp Eat so ones cme Soc cunee seers ce eeueeeee Purse, full, indicating fleshiness Legs, straight, short; shank fine, smooth Possible score. 10 10 10 10 Student’s score. Judge’s score. 42 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. The State Agricultural College of Colorado. 1 : Perfect Seale of points. scares General appearance: Weight, score according to age. -<. 0. 2 dcaa-5sn4---csdeseess eee eee 6 Form, topline and underline straight, deep, broad, low set, stylish.................-..-.- 10 Quality, firm handling; hair fine; skin pliable; bone dense; evenly fleshed.............- 10 Condition, deep, even covering of firm flesh, especially in regions of valliable cuts. ..--- 10 Head and neck: Muzzle, broad; mouth large; jaw wide; nostrils large . 2... 25. .2...2<- 2222-22. eee eee if Byes, large, clear, placid!: =... <)).- os. -- 3) <3 ee one - cee HEC eer Ee e iL Face, short; expression quiet... 52.2.0 2e59- ca-p eeentee eee: neta ee ee BE Forehead, broad, fulll’s. .2 005.5 see. f.22 cbs Sac e hen eee be ee eee nai en 1 Ears, size:medium; texture fine: 1.2. 2..22% oak. she one eens n ee ee Sen enon ee ee 1 Horns, oval; texture fine; size mediums: 2425542 ee ee Se ee ee ee ah Neck, thick, short; throat clean <2: 25/25 2: q2..0se5s-602 oon sees ins =n 5 Sa ‘Lh Fore quarters: Shoulder*vein; full sctces.. ce Sas. oS ei Se eee ee ors Se ee = Shoulder, covered with flesh, compact on top, smooth............--.-..--.--- .. Sede 2 Brisket, advanced; breast wide... ...<2-52 s< see eee af Dewlap, skin not too loose and: drooping: -..2.2.5-2¢5+2--<-8 220 ceeeses s+ ee eee eee 1 Legs, straight, short; arm full; shank fine, smooth-..:.22:.22)2-2em< em eee eee eee 2 Body: Chest, full, deep, wide; girth large; ‘crops full..2..-355.-222525204--2- ee eee 8 Ribs, long, arched, ‘thickly fleshed ~...2..... s MOREA, lOOKOEKGL TMM ab Seo poe auoceuscosedodcoodpEsoudoone cod oeuseaus ses oUdHoeEsee COI 10. Horns, oval; texture fine; size medium BE eeNeckethicka short: sthroatiCleat:. Sass. ssecinceoce soe bh co cise isdn cig sneiosis secs ces besecce Fore quarters: 12, Singulloler yee Ne eo Soe eses Ue COS Cac SESS a CCS SC SEE CERES Sete R ere cer nnn ers renine 13. Shoulder, covered with flesh, compact GH WOO, SNOWING Sos eoganvonoouuaesoessaoweLeds 14. Brisket, advanced; LEASH wil Leer one nese ipa mn UU Teme YE De RA agin ou 16. Dewlap, skin not too loose and MOO PUM AW sree AN eA Ny VBS Se ea he 16. Legs, straight, short; arm full; shank fine, smooth ...................-----+---------- DHE BRR Eee AR OMesimiMiledecepewide- cirth large: Crops full 222 s2-.s sesh. sc none sees ee Soest ee sceee 1G, IRMoS; Lome Areal iaaioldhy silecnGely ae aae a nedonbanSabobeo de oe a SboboSSSoEUEBUeSaeseace 1G), JBIOK, JOIRONGL, Sine, Soa o, Eke) Loko seeoosoonoseeseade osseous oesebeoce see Seosone 1 PAD), WySwD, Wael, Tone Tees se es eee es Se aes Rca ee ena ne ae a ae ee AD 21. Flank, inoUllL, yySim, {Alla eave VALINE Ree aa ASC sea AOU AR eH n Beno CoeT EOD OSa Seno ea ane em aE Hind quarters: 22. Hips, smoothly covered; distance apart in proportion with other parts............--- 23. Rump, long, wide, even; tailhead smooth, not patchy................---.:.---------- 24. Pin bones, not prominent, GHEE ON SSAC OG EA aoe ESC EE oe ee EE Rare aS eee ee ated 20. Thighs, full, deep, wide............-.....-:---- Sob POU ED GO ROE OF MOC EOL OSE EEe EMA meenee POMPLWASEMC ESD BP lUUITND narrate eee cme nistic cava cicisisinn ce soen ace sus Scauneee oubsewedcelSeisice sade Purser da cating dleghimess|< < 2215525 eek cates nite fais oars cine sleas cies selec alse Seisierels 28. Legs, straight, short; shank fine, smooth................ Uaioe tore aniariafal sins sya ase seas TNO sod com S ie aes ANCE Oe es aa et Ie ea Ni et eT AE De OOS eee oP RECN EH Cp Sea 100 NWNNNHE bh tS NwoCoo ef Kansas State Agricultural College. Same as the Iowa card (see above) for beef cattle, with the following exceptions: Under quality, read ‘‘firm handling; hair fine; sat pliable; bone "dense; evenly fleshed.’’ Under shoulder, omit “compact on top, smooth.’’ Agricultural and Mechanical College of Kentucky. Same as Lowa card (see above), except that under quality read ‘‘firm handling; hair fine; skin pli- able; bone dense; evenly fleshed.” Maryland Agricultural College. Same as Michigan card (see p. 44), with one exception: Under twist, read ‘‘deep, full.” 44 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. Michigan State Agricultural College. Seale of points. General appearance: Age, estimated, ——; corrected, —. Weight, estimated, —— pounds; corrected, —— pounds, Form, square, blocky, broad, top and bottom lines straight.....- Quality, hair fine, soft; skin mellow, loose, pliable, of medium thickness; bone fine, clean Temperament, quiet Style Head and neck: Muzzle, clean cut, fine; mouth large; lips thin; nostrils wide, open Face, short, clean; ‘symmetrical: i225 seheee ese ne eee ce eee eee 2 Eyes, full, bright, placid Forehead Droadhsseiscets doh e aaianesecsie setee none teens oes ease ae Ears, size medium; texture fine; covered with fine hair Horn, waxy; textire fines: 2. 22s2sos-2eecesceaeesnanesanase seers Neck, thick, short, set firmly on shoulders....................---- Fore quarters: Shoulder, compact, well covered with flesh Chest, full, deep, thick through the heart ...........:t-......---- Brisket, deep, moderately projecting; breast wide Legs, straight, short, wide apart, strong; bone clean; arm full -.- Body: Girth, ——deet;—— INCHES s.s ees Saidiew cee oe ae nae daasdaascae nee Crops UL ae aoa eee aoe nace eee ee eee eee Eee eee Ribs, well sprung, arched, deep Back, broad, straight, short Doin: Tull thick- throad secs? J. cadens soa ces se eee eee ee ee Flank, full, low, thick, making underline straight Hind quarters: Hips, wide apart, smooth Rump! long Jevel! widescsy Pes a ee ee ee ee eee es Pin) bones, not prominent, far apart sas. ccsceseeceeneet eee eee Tail, base smooth; bone fine, clean; hair of switch fine Thigh, full, well fleshed Twist, deep Purse sales. 205 neces ea ee ee eee Legs, short, straight; bone fine, clean Per- fect. Student’s estimate. Corrected. ee es THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. College of Agriculture of the University of Minnesota. Seale of points. General appearance: HEMET oe SCONE) A CCOLGUM PAGOSA Cer pmcletaicis ala cle lcleiel ere atelevola elasaralateetare ejaietere alia /alv=iale/<{slelaitieiare aie 2. Form, topline and underline straight; deep, broad, low set, stylish .-.-.............. a Quality, hair fine; skin pliable; bone dense; flesh firm, even, deep, especially in REPIOM SOLA VALUA DL eG US aso eaters cells seisimatetasieriel Sater Sens laeevere Seu ed aisle owes 4. Condition, good health; vigorous; fat abundant, evenly distributed Head and neck: . Muzzle, broad; mouth large; jaw wide; nostrils large -..................----..------- » Dives; lemsey Clans a MeIG Ss St ascosee oa cae sDOnnese oso TS seeaecooRSTaCeoSbesencanecamecar HACE SHORE VexXpPLesslOmMm WL eta see aere seiseieileleiseleiee ele seieicisis ieisicicis we eile eee ccese eens RMT Ne Cb 2 ee i Te oe ee me SP eee oie area rete LPG ag es MeLarswsiZ Come cium ate x tne nim eles ee foal ee mia cinietoiale ajecmlareheine ao) Neis Sey eig are asic ccs 10. Horns, oval; texture fine; size medium hie Necks ohicke-short- throat cleans. ose. cccistcee as sone cs cecalsie me cis ieee melsonitioee sess ce Fore quarters: 5 MEST OW Gera Vveliyiull lesepe aps shea ay lates perc seh eral icte fore eis cores arate wins Siseis Siem asie eee eee 13. Shoulder, covered with flesh, ‘compact on top, Smooth.........-...-----------.------- 14. Brisket, advanced; SEAS Gye CLG ie ae sas ieial ct srl wick rats Shera ratte Sis eye te eS SENS IRE eee SEE 15. Dewlap, skin not too loose and drooping...........-------------------------ece eee eee 16. Legs, straight, short; arm full; shank fine, smooth .....-...............-..----------- OO STO 1 17 Chest, full, deep, wide; girth large; crops full......-..-...--.----2---------+-------=- omhips mons arched: tihickdivetleshed seen seasons see eects ices see eee clo eee ee clr eee HORB ACK DLOAGy Stralmhity sm OOuMy CVeMy seems cise cme se screens woe ce ene ae oreo eie o sictorele eats 20. Loin, thick, onde: Spat erm etsy yet yan Nere cecal cpa pepa i ie nent shateretale ie alee BG Leander va Hind quarters: 22. Hips, smoothly covered; distance apart in proportion with other parts .............. 23. Rump, long, wide, even; tail head smooth, not patchy........-.-.--.---...---.------ 24. Pin bones, not prominent, TEN eh OF dra e aeRO E AACE O COLE RE SIE CSET Se CREE eS PENIS Serle eSpriwlG Ceacecrecice crete once ecetenee se cicee acca aee eee cebeee qed laecess LoumlwiaSst Gee, PLUMP = ss sence celle ee = Pea toraeie es meat aiee seiner mecca oat aaemean swan PimeUrse stalls dicating feshimessy. o.oo aa cjalcicis a neieieicisiers omeiseiscs cect em eislsaeeeee sees 28. Legs, straight, short; shank fine, smooth 45 Perfect score. Bee eee oN oH ll ool SHLD) NRE Bebb | ele oie oli 100 46 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts of the University of Missouri. Per- Student’s Corrected. Seale of points. fect. | estimate. General appearance: Age, estimated, ——; corrected, —— Weight, estimated, —— pounds; corrected, —— pounds. Form, square, blocky, broad; top and bottom lines straight -..-..- St asa cee Quality, fine, soft hair; skin mellow, loose, pliable, of medium thickness; bone fine, Gléamioee see eee. cet eee eaee sen eens | sl ete oer ae Témperanient;qQuirevts.so2: meena wee cession cee eee ee Bile kee ee 19: |. 32. Sees Head and neck: Muzzle, clean cut, fine; mouth large; lips thin; nostrils wide, | open Face, short, not lean Eyes, full, bright, clear Forehead, broad, full, high Ears, size medium; texture fine; covered with fine hair Horn, waxy; texture fine Neck, thick, short, set firmly on shoulders Fore quarters: . Shoulder vein, full Shoulder, compact, well covered with flesh Chest, full, deep; thick through ‘the heart... .-=-22-25.5..5225- soece Brisket, deep, moderately projecting; breast wide Legs, straight, short, wide apart; bone strong, clean; arm full ... Body: Girth, large; estimated, —-; Crops, full Ribs, well sprung, arched, deep, thick fleshed...................- Back, broad) straieht, shortee<:-s-22 228k oon cee eee eee Cee boi, ful) *phiek. rowed sc) tse ecco a este a ata retake ee ee oe Flank, full, low, thick, making underline straight............... Hind quarters: Hips, wide apart, smooth Rumip long level, wide: 2.63 kote sesce ee ose ene ce See on eee Pin bones, not prominent, far apart Tail, base smooth; bone fine, clean; hair of switch fine Thigh, full, well fleshed Twist, deep..- sco: Mien SASS eee at eee ee oe ee eee eee Legs, short, straight; bone fine, clean Total THE SCORE CARD IN \ STOCK JUDGING. 47 New Hampshire College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts. Points deficient. : oars | Perfeet| 5 Seale of points. Scoma. | StuGlenzs Gee | score. rrectea. A. General appearance: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— pounds; score ac- (CORI DING TO) DROS SORE er Saget op A OeH Settee Eas ene eae er eE ate Dilisse sissies |aeaeese omen ee Form, topline and underlines straight; deep, broad, low set-..-- Cll Se Boe anes eas oee Quality, handling firm; hair fine; skin pliable; bone dense; | | BUSING KES eG PA a el orn ae one aI ee ee RSE ISR RE Renata AGRLISe a Somer Dy eAAGELVE UPStal Gin Out ee een Bee Uae Sins Seen ue aces i etinea ae ancl eee Nene ay TSIM DORIS Ne apaotes Coes SOL CU ee ate AeeOee Eee ne Serene Geeeeaennae OMe Rese aes Sa cee me nce B. Head and neck: Muzzle, fine; mouth large; lips thin; nostrils large -..-_....----- iS |eSE aes Be eed aun eee eae Byesslarce. clear placides: 59.25 2.— <.--s2 22-2 5- AGERE Sener I ees See BEE OIS SS oaebaenae Haceshort--expressiOM QUIEb=— js 4 see cc sce ome ees ee eeeoe | s1ta) | eran meet yee | x Muck HOTeien depron de tulle 1 neenmerne eee rs Yao alee ee | TGs) eens We ee Le BE Harsacizennedlumestexturenime:.... 52. ssss2 = see nce eens ae ceece es Useless ite tase A May, Neckar hiecke short throat cleamis=-2- . 225-2 so-so sae sew eee sees : C. Fore quarters: Sing wuli@ler Wena will ese Saree ar Canes Reet aR AB ae Shoulder, covered with flesh, compact on top, snug Brisket, advanced; breast wide_---...-..---------22--2--- Dewlap, skin not too loose and (GUNOO) MAE So neobebecoscesaes wes: straight, short; arm full; shank fine, smooth D. Body: Chest, full, deep, wide; girth large; crops SHOU pa oseucoasocee Sone NO) Sees al ees aces ae Ribs, jong, arched, thickly IGS 1G Ge ae cate ene es BS Sea ie ese ee bese cau ey oii Back, broad, straight Ane Pee nea e Ee ere ee na See eh Susie Gig epsrserntes Seis ara [Pace eens Loin, thick, “[DRROBYGT Se Sp cee ees ea os eh Net Nae aE A ee ag Br Maa MOA ies Dee inlanikesnnllevien witli mmGerlim eo yoo 5. cise ojo ala lesa eclals wee OB lenicista ster Cereus EK. Hind quarters: | Hips, smcothly covered; distance apart in proportion with other | (DORIS 2 oc coeatesbocdasdeasseneceaosos scacedescupSsEsen ese seseSoce db | Base dobsenallsosdaanbaose Rump, long, even, wide; tailhead smooth, not patchy ........-.- By (Re ee eee eee eamen ee 1h Pin bones, not prominent, far apart BUIRCaSE aS Sess MESA een ease Thighs, FULL cc 0 ec I ee ad De OG eee Soe ea See eee Twist, deep, plump AU Site ne ive lye Ie reet eee aS IReEse si lleel NG Catling: HeShiMesses cas im. ane cece seis ie Sect Dea Pret ystersiye aloe ee re Legs, ‘straight, short;ishankafine, smooth 522-2222 a. s222 a6 2cee2- <= 3 Hep benne toda] aa seetouuaee pia (all em Ee ae Se Ses Sack oe: Soshialle cee vaas cede 100 | eek Nas Hal 3 ye New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. Same as the Iowa card (see p. 43) for beef cattle, with the following exception: Under quality, read “firm handling; hair fine; skin pHable; bone dense; evenly fleshed.” North Carolina College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts. Same as the New Hampshire card (see above) for beef cattle. 48 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. North Dakota Agricultural College. Seale of points. a General appearance: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; according to age ........--...--- Form, topline and underline straight; deep, broad, low, set, stylish Quality, handling firm; hair fine; skin pliable; bone dense; evenly fleshed Temperament, quiet Head and neck: Ears, size medium; texture fine Neck, thick, short; throat clean Fore quarters: Shoulder vein, full Shoulder, covered with flesh, compact on top, snug Brisket; advanced* breast wide 2: 3.522 -ceccesmanecwen eiaeeicmeeteer Dewlap, skin not too loose and drooping..-..........-------------- gueee, straight, short; arm full; shank fine, smooth Body: Chest, full, deep, wide; girth large; crops full Ribs, long, arched, thickly fleshed Points deficient. Student's score. Back, broad, straight Loins! thitk Drogas noo lecet cc mek aees sete eee ene eee See nee Flank, full, even with underline Hind quarters: Hips, smoothly covered; distance apart in proportion with other | DAIS Se eiretctee = msl ataials aletel= bole einige aie a ei eine ae eee ere eet Rump, long, even, wide; tailhead smooth, not patchy Pin bones, not prominent, far apart TIPS! LW aS wie letveis cteccye. ac See ha ee adele, cpors cio ata ele oererecieeteee erected TT wikts G@eep i pliumip= ce aes hee coun oe oe meee eee cee ee eeeae PUTSE:, CO NG cdting tleshineEsso. sees aac eee ner meester Legs, straight, short; shank fine, smooth Corrected. a After Craig. THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. 49 The College of Agriculture and Domestic Science, Ohio State University. Points deficient. 1403—No. 61—04——4 . Perfect, Seale of points. ; score. | Student’s SAGO. Corrected. Measurements: Memhinat withers, ——— hands; herent at sternum )=—— hands_ 2s)! 252 22 je ee a TE igor Sale) 0, —— eal es aaron | O00 1 es A Ie ee esr [yea aed | Pe Dea cra [aera ~set saasee= ce seeseee-e-see seer 1 Forehead {broad; full cc 222 Abt nts. Soe eee as ee ee eee 1 Bars; size medium: texturedines. casas. 5: eerste ee ee 1 Neck thick: shortthroaticleans.--c22ceseeecteosee eee eee 2 Fore quarters—9 points: Shoulder vein, fullin3 cao ek cee cete ese eer eee Seer 2 Shoulder, covered with flesh, compact on top, smooth ....--... 3 Brisket, advanced: breast wide’. 2.2. 35-605. --stme~ creme neck 1 Dewlap, skin not too loose and drooping ....--..---------.----- 1 Legs, straight, short; arm full; shank fine, smooth.....--.----- 2 Body—30 points: ' Chest, wide, deep, full; girth large; crops full.............--.-- 4)... 4\keeee eee bene Ribs: long, arched) thickly fleshed 3: -Saceenee- ceea ates eee. 8 |. .eces/cee 4 Sea ee Back, broad) straight, smoothtcu-aecens cose. ceiee ee eerie se 8 |. .+2--| ce Sos|SeSeeeeoee ee Loin, thick, broad, extending well forward...........---..---- oe eee aeecdiisans = - fsancs Klankstull eveniwithtunderline 2222-2 esse ete eseeen eee 2 |. was Oe Hind quarters—14 points: Hips, smoothly covered; distance apart in proportion to other [ONS Soo ceaodbh oss sos cHe so cbtopescocaenoeacemeoososec seco: 2) <= 8 eae Rump, long, wide, even; tailhead smooth, not patechy-......-.. 2.) sind a eee See Lose Pin bones, not prominent, fariapart.J:2:.-----see- ote eee eee 21) lank. toll even with underlines s9s- seco eens ences oneeeo eee Ae Ee is cs 22. Hips, smoothly covered; distance apart in proportion with OURCL Palisa ose seis owictosers hoe Le ces eee oe eee eee mee 4 | oc ccecneceee| some eeeeeeee 23. Rump, long, even, wide; tailhead smooth, not patechy.........- © | sccseeccs sae lec eeeeete 24. Pin bones, not too prominent, farapart, level................-.- D | ssecaee tenes eee 20; Thighs) Tulle sc cccee = aac eeces sees aee ace See eae ee eee ener 4 |i steed. sees) ohare eee 26. Twist deep, plumipescsmere: weer ee eee cane ane nce nen eee 4 | ee eici cee aece sore 27. Legs, straight, short; shank fine, smooth...................-.--- 8 | 22 6s00s hotel eae eee THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. The Pennsylvania State College. Seale of points. 51 Points deficient. Student’s score. General appearance: Weight, estimated, —— pounds, according to age .............-...- Bor topline and underline straight; deep, broad, low set, styl- TSE, 5G SSS ee Ne I eter rg as are ae ge ads Quality, firm handling; hair fine; skin pliable; bone dense; Evembygitesh edie saa esas tae ce sme eae ne onaa ee c ceb miner see sees Temperament, quiet Head and neck: Muzzle, mouth large; lips thin; nostrils large ..............-.-..- Byes mlarcerClear pPlaCiG ss cae sscee sane ss coeees fas serocenoee se ocee Face, short; expression quiet ...---.-- SOROS SE ase Donn anaee seeeoSees Horeherd prorat ssw ste ewe es ee eS NE See ae sss oh emeeo ee Hars: sizemedium; texture fine. --...-..-5-..-2..-2ecsecs see se-e- ee Neekeathick, short)ithroatclean= 32202. 05. 2.2222 46 42.2 jenciscin scene Fore quarters: Shouldersvienne iil sean sere Saome socio aeciesleme eset ais eisetiow a bres Shoulder, covered with flesh, compact on top, snug .......---.--- Brsket.advanced: breast widev 2... o22 22.2. ciseeeeeee ne ee shee ks | Dewlap, skin not too loose and drooping -.-....---.---.------------ Legs, straight, short; arm full; shank fine, smooth.....-.-------- } Body: Chest, full, deep, wide; girth large; crops full..........-.-...--.- Ribs, long, arched, thickly flesh edie ae ccsee at sw cjeesine seeesiots Back, broad, straight eee Ora ce ST rere See ores ee ee cee AOU NE Ged TO AeA to seria awe waicise ae cesis disk Sse eet eee aeeawems Hind quarters: Hips, smoothly covered; distance apart in proportion with other HITS - da desoasbadgucsuansoe ooo BSoaUSnEab aD ddose nen aenososorsuesens Rump, long, even, wide; tailhead smooth, not patchy -....---..--- Pin bones, not prominent, TAWApALO Mier eae eee meet eee Thighs, FrelipepneN Se Meret g sor eh ee ey wisted Cepep lumpy sess 2: soe ene ea eS eeccee se cniecoeae te Se ocne Purse, full, indicating fleshiness .-.....---...--.----- Legs, straight, short; shank fine, smooth Corrected. South Dakota Agricultural College. Same as the Iowa card (see p. 43) for beef cattle. 59 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. State Agricultural and Mechanical College of the University of Tennessee. 3. Form, deep, broad, low set; with straight topline and underline.......... 4. Quality, hair fine; skin pliable; bone dense; all parts evenly covered with firm flesh. i520 0.5.05 seth ieee abe scteee sens ceeen cote eae e chee ee eae 5. Style, active, sprightly 6, Temperament, neither sluggish nor wild 7. Constitution, vigorous, robust, showing size and substance -..........-.-- . Head and neck: 8. Muzzle, fine; mouth large; lipsthin; nostrils large.....................-.. 9. Eyes, large, clear, Placid: :.3<~s lsc Peeee ee eee eee eee eee eke = eee 10. Face, short: expression (quiet. 222-22 =n sete ace once eee eee eee 11. Forehead, broad, full. <2. 2c. e. sce eee eee ee eee Temperament: quiet, docile... s¢-caseeee ee eee ree eee Head and neck—8 points: Muzzle, good size; mouth large; lips thin; nostrils large Eyes, large; clear, placid 222222. 2202 seocc acer eeeeee Nek! Wate ee Face, short; expression quiet Forehead, broad, full Ears, size medium; texture fine... Neck, thick, short; throat clean Fore quarters—13 points: Shoulder vein, full Shoulder, covered with flesh, compact on top, snug Breast, wide; brisket prominent Dewlap, skin not too loose and drooping..........-...---------- Legs, straight, short; arm full; shank fine, smooth Body—28 points: Chest, full, deep, wide; girth large; fore flank full Crops: ‘full, even withshonlders’s. >. sss. ccec oe ocean eee Ribs, deep, arched, thickly fleshed Back, broad, straight, evenly fleshed Loin, thick, Wroadsice so. oe we eee ee eet ee cee Flank, full, even with underline Hind quarters—25 points: Hips, smoothly covered; distance apart in proportion with other parts Rump, long, even, wide; tailhead smooth, not patchy Pin bones, not prominent, far apart-............-...-.---.------ Thighs; fall “wade jdeeps:2-.5--ca este cee woe eee eo cceeeee eee Twist, deep, plum Purse, fall, indicating Meshiness 2. 3220s no. .secee ea ceee eee eee Legs, straight, short; shank fine, smooth wee eee eee ee ee es THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING STORE CATTLE. Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College. 57 , Possible Seale of points. coral General appearance—40 points: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— pounds; accord- HDF? 1) HRS Ge eB OU SERA Cerrar a Sane Ob SniCs paneer eee sno eee ece 8 Form, topline straight; blocky, low set, in general a parallelo- gram, deep, broad; heart girth large, showing strong con- stitution; stylish; the animal should have a moderately large barrel, indicating a large capacity for storing and LENIN ZAUTNSHO O Cepstral o ee NAS ala ee chia ee aieieic a Sheyovasaieis 15 Quality, skin mellow, pliable, covered with fine, mossy hair; Iboniegdense vel eames rane ne a he ss estes Se ele ere sisi 10 Condition, moderate covering of flesh, especially in region PSE WrSINNBPDI BILE CAE Shc ale ean IN CRs a Nn A 5 Disposition, quiet, but not Sluggish ....................-------- 2 Head and neck—7 points: Muzzle, broad; mouth large; jaw wide; nostrils large .......-. 2 Hives wlarces Clear: placideesss hose. ccm. 2 oesoce wees oe enemas coke 1 Face, short; expression quiet .......-- SpE eieime niet oe eee 1 HONeHEAGMDLO ACs lulls cier ee oe eS een SUSY oS ea ea a) Hars, texture fine; size medium............................---: .5 Neck, thick, short; throat clean.........................------ 2 Fore quarters—8 points: Shoulder vein, well filled, giving a smooth blending of the meckscorheishould re. eee ese oneloae see 1 Shoulder, well laid in, smooth, with an even covering of flesh; IO DPV AviVaAT CKCOATSE verse siys cos ace scenes bios moen tase emmaneise 3 Brisket, advanced; breast wide....--..........------+--+------ 1 Dewlap, skin not too loose and drooping ...-..........----.-.- 1 Legs, straight, short; arm full; shank fine, smooth............ 2 Body—32 points: Chest, full, deep, wide; girth large; crops full; fore flank well filled, showing SURO COs TAKO +6 Io odooconeooukabooonesods 7 Ribs, long, arched awellenleshedeeeesssseseeeeeeeeecenee eee oe 6 Back, broad, straight, SMOOLNWeVeMiaa Maxam tani aes 10 Loin, broad, moderately thick, extending well forward......- 7 Flank, full, even with underline......................2-.--+--- 2 Hind quarters—13 points: Hips, smoothly covered; distance apart in proportion with other parts, but not prominent BRO HONE AS BASLE CeIn eaeees 2 Rump, long, wide, even; tailhead smooth; tail well set....... 3 Pin bones, not prominent, far apart 1 Mhighsstulll deep; wide) oa. soe o.0 sees ee dena bo deec ae bees 3 LwAsty plump Nd eeprsices: -ciesen clac jeccleu eee esatneisic cine Se 2 - Legs, straight, short; shank fine, smooth 2 OIG) 38 ceo po SHOR SR GOES eC On Oe eee SOC SHAE Sse reese mene es 100 ) a / Name of animals. 58 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. DAIRY CATTLE. Fig. 4.—Points of the dairy Gow, side view. 1. Muzzle. 11. Withers. 22. Ribs. 36. Tail. 2. Mouth. 12. Shoulder. 23. False ribs. 37. Switch, or brush. 3. Nostril. 13. Point of shoulder. 24. Back, or chine. 38. Thigh. 4, Face. 14. Arm. 25. Loin. 40. Udder. 5. Eye. 15. Shanks, or cannons. 26. Coupling. 41. Fore udder. 6. Ear. 16. Brisket. 30. Underline. 42. Hind udder. 7. Horns. 18. Topline. 31. Hind flank. 43. Teats. 8. Neck. 19. Crops. 5 32. Navel. 44, Mammary veins, or 9. Throat. 20. Girth. 33. Hip, or point of hip. milk veins. 10. Dewlap. 21. Fore flank. 34. Rump. ee 1% SN be yf a Uy ; ‘WI Ny iN i Bi ton | i eee iy 5 : Wf Fig. 5.—Points of the dairy cow, three-quarters rear view. a Chest. 28. Barrel depression. 35. Pin bones, or thurls. 42. Hind udder. 27. Barrel. 29. Stomach, or belly. 39. Escutcheon. 44, Mammary veins. moe THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. Alabama Polytechnic Institute. BY Possible | Student’s score. score. General appearance: Size, medium to large.....s...scesees ayatetatstovarevalatevalevatsVatalatevevelavorists Silas emerie Form, inclined to be wedge shap ed eet eae fate nie Stee Sm eee Ballers tert 2st Quality, hair fine, soft; skin SHOHOW: loose, medium thickness; secretion, yellow; bone, clean, inl oee eee eee Aen Tee eee seaeceine Temperament, nervous, indicated by lean appearance when PANTRY REE cetsie fare Siem winln w/sicleleieiciae Sesicins's eissia ieisieere deleieuiseielsacreiists Of Soacoanesace Objections, undersize, too excitable. Head and neck: Muzzle, moist, clean cut; mouth Hrge; nostrils large .........- 1 Eyes, large, bright, full, STOUT so as ee ee ae 1 Face, lean, long, quiet, ‘expressive Eee PR ey ASS 3 Sere oN = 1 Forehead, broad, Gushim pesoee nes sae Sie see ae scars 1 Ears, size medium; inside yellow; texture fine.... 1 HPTORUSACORTUTE TIMES. oc ccceiss ances oe ents emis oobi cis ae octsiseiseecionrs 1 Neck, fine; length medium; throat clean; dewlap light........ 1 Objections, thick, coarse head and neck. Fore quarters: Wauirens sl Gams Glatm S-2 aia eric caters wise wlelaiee cist ya iatayslavaiayninteinia se seleisiers IAS ee ataseeee Shoulldersslicht so bliquessesi=- oleae seckenigecisee amass saeco cise Oe eo RET Legs; straight, short; shank fine .........-....-+----s2------0--- Dele emesis s = Hoes ections, broad withers; heavy shoulders; legs close together. ody: Chest, deep, low; girth large, with full foreflank............... NO |scoadoqacen= Barrel, ribs broad, long, wide apart; stomach large ....-......- LO Heer cos Back, lean, straight, open jointed .....................---.----- Dale sae fo HOI WLOR ORTH. eracciasocisisiencieeisnswess sccacs scaee we cosseeeotcmacee Dp) aber Gee Es Navel, VERE S ORs eta a sine en eniaie ise ee nie SRE OS See Ie ae a aac ee D eeacee eas Objections, narrow chest; shallow, close-coupled barrel; straight underline. Hind quarters: EL POS Seed Tod PAT bs EVIE le ctsicyayciore eicye fase isiatoisie sicioye atalsoa/s|sie\eleisierare anDadaeSsS> Dale ateieva seeleiae Rump long, wide; pelvis roomy................---------+++--+- OP Wer mie ee eS A Pin bones (or thurls), high, wide apart..................--.--.- IE ee sneha oes Tail, long, slim; hair in switch fine......................----.-- Un Reser Aare Rn SIS ep pl OM Sie yaiciae miele cia reieie ie icine se oie oie cieeisiecisselsiciaaee ANS esac wages Escutcheon, spreading over thighs, extending high and wide; laTRae Wien Oval). teas scaoeeadeasoce suacudecdescusSsoe me aeues Dells eee Setoaas Udder, long, attached high and full behind, extending far in | frontand full, flexible; quarters even, free from fleshiness .... 2 EP ananecuaee eats, large, evenly placed. ......2...-2.-.cc.c-scecessecesecsec-- pM ate iets Mammary veins, large, long, tortuous, branched, with double extension; milk wells large, numerous ............-.--.-..--- Dilgteseceenas Legs, straight, shank fine... -..-..- 2.22.2. .<----- 22 0e-en eee --- Dig | eh eet Objections, narrow hips; small, uneven, fleshy, or too large udder; small, uneven-sized teats. PRO Lear teste srateke inte oleic wie lsinie ceisler ine oi ine iets isin OS Saale a eee LOOM Ateniete ee ecec ccc cne eeececcsccee 60 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. Score. Male. Female. Seale of points. calligtes ; : ; 7 Z\S|Ble/2]3 3a|e)])olal ahs io} o o|s vo o (E/E 8/318 alalolaleloe A. General appearance: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— pounds.......---.--------- 1 |=. =2)-226) 9 eee Form, wedge shape from front, side, and top........-..-.------------.-- ee A | Sitseseee Form, shapely, masculine, medium longs= 22-2. a2 2-- eeesee eee eee 10 |- 6 Bo ars | ee Quality, hair fine, silky; skin mellow, loose, medium thick, yellow, not fleshy; bone finGs22.52..3-- boccencs See ren eee eee eT: 10 ee =| 6S eae B. Head and neck: Muzzle, broad; nostrils large; nose fine between muzzle and eyes....... Aces eleerrs i lig se | Se Byes, Tull, placid)... 2222. .25< 285 ot ene cet eee ee eo ee eee 2, |S ass Lees Face,.lean, fine, shapely4.2-2.c12 cs s-cee teens seine oo ae eee Saree lg esa) oe ee Lise Forehead, dishing, broad between CyeéS ...-. -...0..-.2---2-2.-ccsesse-== VA Sree | Ears) size medium: inside'tines yellow .ccecescce ee. eee eee ee eee 1. |- 30. eo ee Neck, fine, rather long, well set on shoulders and head; topline slightly curved; throat clean; dewlap light ............--.-.-..2..--.- Peas = 2h eoeeers Neck, neatly joined to head and shoulders, of good length; masculine and strong of bearing, nearly free of dewlap ..........---------------- Sila 2| eas See eee C. Fore quarters: Withers, ‘lean, ‘thinks 280-5 os 5. 3 sos 5 eee ee eee eee sek (3 Lie Withers, wellzounded; evyenonitop.....<--<-2 2 sce nsec ese eee eee 2. | eels Seu {see ee Shoulders, light, oblique st 25-5522. 05..80 522 sec saeee bee neeeeeeneeaeeeee 4 | 22 25)2s ee ee coos Legs, straight, short; shank fine; feet well placed .......-..--.---------| 3 |. 35 eSateae é D. Body: Chest, deep, low,-full:igirth large e=a.css scien eee eet ew eee eee 1 LOR 3 951% eae Crops, well filled out ...5: .- 5.4 Ses ascne ce soe sees pieces eee eee eres 3 |- el etabs a5 Ribs, long, broad, well sprung, wide apart ................-.--..----+--- |. 8 |- secu’ One pee Back, fairly level to set of tail, broad, strong..............-....-.-.--.--- es a elise ee Loin; broad, Jong ileveliois is. se0ct scenes donee eee reat eee ee ee eee 1) 45 4.2 ee Planks lOW.. 2. lock ee cece nto sacesasne et cee see ee eee eee eee 1; er : 1 aan Navel, prominents. «|. 3.2055 cs. ceoa-c + de seeker eee oe ce See ee eee 1 ps = E. Hind quarters: Hips; Wide apart: oso o. otc tewec se nmacec ese acess epee ee Sea. a eee | -Diale Pater cel Se Ss Rumps} long; broad: levels. .2-. As..2taete ee ener e ee ee een ee nee 1. -2 226 ease se eee oe sce ee See eee 2 eee 18) Loin’, broad strong oc 32.2.2 ase Sow bees See one ee ee eee eee 3 |; Ree 19. Pelvic arch, prominent, bare; pin bones high, wide..............---.----- 2 |. od see 20, Hlank, high: twist'open; thigh thin; inecurved)-...-2..5-:4---se ss seca Lit eee 21. Bones, medium; joints fine, flat; horns small, waxy; tail long, slim...----. 2 bse Digestion and assimilation: 22, Nostrils; medium-sized, clear, bright:-:< 7... -.22.sec nes ncoeee Cee ee eee pL 23. Breast.and brisket, prominent,;angular. 3). 5.2-2cs.--see sane eee eee oe 24.-Chest, wide, deep, long; girth large 2.2.7. .-22- 2225-22255 ~ se eee cee ee 8 |. 25. Barrel, medium long, broad on top, deep, capacious....-.........--------- 9 26. Ribs, flat, spaced, well sprung; chine open......---.----.-------:---s-<= 3 Milk indications: 27. False ribs, suppressed; barrel depression marked..........--...----------- 3: Se face 28. Udder, long, capacious, balanced, free from fleshiness, strongly attached, collapsed when empty; teats evenly placed.........--.-.....2------s-e- 8 shee ee eee 29. Escutcheon, spreading over thighs, extending well upward...........---. 3: pcan center _ 30. Milk veins, large, tortuous, long, branched; milk wells large ............- 6.2 2a2 eee 31. Skin of ear and udder yellow; secretions yellow ............-------------- Tova seeee Totalsece woo she ede ek c a emethssecSasek tends ceeada decane sscne sae eee aes 100. | S22cs Soe THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas. Seale of points. . General appearance: Weight, 800 to 1,000 pounds, estimated, —— pounds............. * Form, wedge- -shaped as viewed from front, top, and back...-.. Quality, hair fine, soft; skin of medium thickness, mellow, elastic; secretion yellow; bone fine, clean Temperament, sanguine . Head and neck: Muzzle, clean cut; mouth large; nostrils large.......-.........- Byes hull Smal Ge brighter ast eerewainwie oot sc eeceo ac eneee oe oeee ee ane 3) 228 Seee i ae aa ee E. Hind quarters: Hip; wide apart, arched between. ..2 2255 see acc oboe oats mise ieee pag eee ieee 2 ean eee Rump; long; wide, arched, not Meshy 22. sae see eee eae ese se 2: Se a eee Be se eee Pin bones (or thurls), high, wideaipartiessss-4-eeees =. seen ees ee eee pe on esse Thighs, long, thin, incurved, giving room for udder........-........-.- 7 ed Se [ses pA eee 2 |e, Legs, straight, short, wide apart; shanksfine .........-..--..----.-.---- 2 '' | Sees 2 wc peeree Tail, long, slim, reaching to hocks; switch fine .................-.------ I) Araleees 1} | eee F. Udder and rudimentaries (milk-secreting organs): | Udder, long, attached high and full behind, extending farin front and full: quarters 6VeN acc od se meee we ine am ieee eis ateraist= SEE eee e's ts|'s chores 12}}| eels Udder, capacious, flexible; skin loose, pliable, covered with short, fine hair; some substance in structure, but not fleshy ..-........-..... amie |e ee ee ec Teats, size and length, medium; evenly placed, wideapart.......-...... waael| emir lean Beaae ieee Rudimentaries, four; large, well placed eae. nc eee eels -nice eee eee 10 }).5..5| 222 <|eoee eee Milk veins, large, long, tortuous; entering large orifices, which are well TOP WATE S Joccelet wos macs bic ateactece ets as ecclens SURE E SS eRe ee ceeeee ates b | saee] ewes 6 lee) oeee Escutcheon, spreading over thighs; extending high and wide; thigh P OVGIS JATZC savccc cocewsndaenace came canieecs see eee eeecnmmenaes seeeeeee 6 Toe ael nee 8 fesse eer Tote w.cuicscdeiccecttcsctwsnctetsmece san tee coeeeucce ee eeeesss eae 100) cas aaee OL Seat omee Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. Same as the Iowa card (see p. 61) for dairy cattle THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. 79 Washington Agricultural College and School of Science. Student’s| Corrected score. score. Seale of points. Perfect. General appearance—21: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— pounds ..........--. Acenestimateds——— +} actual ——— 2 se Ace dak cases Sas be ke Form, wedge shaped, as viewed from front, side, and above Quality, hair fine; skin soft, medium thickness; bone clean...--. METH PELAMLE Nt GCL VOUS=c a Aacee eee ace ice setieisisieisisisisie ele veeseinis cee Head—7: Muzzle, clean cut; mouth large; nostrils large..............-.---. 1 Hace pleat ono dishing iacase tae csn mee. sate cre cee asec cet asseems 2 | Bivesmnlla mid brie serso ese sc ccc aces cele see ceceecs cee woes fer} Forehead, broad; horns small at base..............--.------.----- 2 Ears, size medium; inside yellow; texture fine........--.-------. 1 Fore quarters—9: Neck, thin; length medium..........-.--- Pgh ate scree aS ee ae 2 MVNiMersmshaGpwlea my ceteris ikem here cele ef aisciicicens te insieeee ese 3 Shoulderselie hit ODMGUe? <22 6 ses cc oo tees aaa oe dec seecle eases il Gegs; short, straight, fine shanked ....-............--2---+-2--+-:- 2 BRISke tos MATa seep eralseieaiea sence sje eels e ss cacele bee Te See oes il Body—25: Chest, deep; girth at heart large (—— feet, —— inches) ----...-.-. 7 IPS MOLOAd WON San ApALbe nea acjeeete seen eet sleeeee eels aleiet eats 3 BC lINAN Aree OOM ace peanics sone sce acs cceise ie ece Geen ee US acide ; 7 Back, lean, straight, open-jointed....-.....--...------------------ 3 WOM LOAGC Meese e neon neceemeer acter Sal Somme ksn eee EE wits 2 HULSE CO Deeta se creas sure clases see tine oni eeiscidsm ecto sat weeesaeoee 2 INERYV@IL IENG ROR Je He Seo eetloc Seca CeD eee cies Boies 1 Hind quarters—88: Paps satanapart level petweenithems 9-6). sae ele snl= eee ie ee 3 RG a OMG pM ne eyes orca ey cieiase wislaaie tom eisiemiciesieinis sais eiemetciee weiss 2 Binguones wale hs widerapartes sos. nese wccseeecescc sence es Sacee sens it Tail, long, reaching hocks; switch finely developed .-..-....-.--- 1 Ane Seye li WM CURVEN Sys mereelsemacs ace ccise siete se eiciecieis oo cleee oe 2 Escutcheon, wide, extending far up .................---.--------- il Udder, extending far up behind and far in front; quarters even, LEC PLLO MESH CSS apo -fatelarsio sletetare tare late cle felaictetate 2 2123 sees aeic icici cineminecis aseeee Dil eet. oe eek ee eteame ssa Legs, straight, strong, short; bone clean; pasterns upright; LEC ana C CUNUNIMIESI ZC pee ee errs Same aati eRe oe enemas DS Lapeer Rr eee ea ee Objections, weak knees and pasterns; legs close together, erooked; shoulders narrow, shallow. Body: Chesi;, deep, broads oirthutulll 25.550 secs ie caeecc sees occ os cscs Le ee Gaee petal Geoecmoeeaae Sides, deep, long, full; ribs close, well sprung .-...........------ Gil eseapsscasellesesescusccs Back, broad, straight, uniform width, thickly and evenly fleshed. 1B Bae Meee eee SCs eS Se reae Homa estalekstralghtaccsesee seen oS ssese eeeee cessor NO) pabedesaeonc bevesocabeee Belly, straight, even; flank well let down ..............-...---- Age a open | ee dos Rye Objections, depression behind shoulders; girth small; loin narrow; back drooping; belly narrow. Hind quarters: EPS eaVVAGe ep ANt SMO OU MY = ies welaisietaieian- one eieiereie see os seers ss cine 2 Rump, long, wide, evenly fleshed, straight 2 Ham, heavily fleshed, plump, full, deep, wide OR See e ll eee eae Thigh, fleshed close to hocks, full in crotch ...................- Dt errata pares tpg A hati Seraray eee Legs, straight, strong, short; bone clean; pasterns upright; feet EVE CLIULNTIAN SZC eres seep eereen eset Says aioe cis eelninnie ince coe es Se tebe ce Dils She Sse eea si betoasmeaees Tail, well set on; size medium; curled ....-....--...----..-...-- iL ihre etree eels Secs se Objections, hips and rump narrow; rump short, steep; ham and thigh thin and shallow. RO bel lieve era sei cnini= seis nies soe Siac ne cone Seo ee chix meneenwe s NOOS Ss ssc S55 5.00: |aaseca te ecteet: Kansas State Agricultural College. Possible | Student’s | Judge’s score. score. score Wp O a Cees eee ce cans Saree Sac cc's sieaweie gowns aeaiceeeeceeceeesoeus PDRBEIV. CS terete econ cna a aac rne aes bem skies wine shines ne uoicewiee ob eaieeebeces Se UES eee steam far ans See ce ees soo tacelemcuae eoemas seuaneeescms PING Cercle saat sie oa en cso ents oe ee aeie ae widnuloe Siaies Semaine cineeewess ame) OW leeteerscciniannaecictaine astasnres coos acts? Sennesee Same wicioneimeme neces Ge SHOUIGErSie. coca ces wees sice ese pute CHOSE, oice\s access 8. Back and loins OMSIdes aM Gurl Dyas ae resccncecnjsn cmone so cece aaee ce een canaeeneeee Pomp Eve livann Gellar Kener eae yemas (ots Sis miniee lamin alan ean oe ceaeee CN RES ed a | iy Re ee eel AMIE QT UIN Piss ste cioeye is ae esas mares ce Sie’s) stevie Salesiwiecn once meee LOU peaceesee eee soeseneeeines PMHCC ATI GUL CLS Saecine cine we wee nae cee hoes ecu ss enneacseseee ces Rise TU) eS eet eee Ded ee See Bil emetnaeeemate a aaae cicenee seen cuminad bes mceu Gee ere dal mswws eeecs Do Sees e sae seca| sedsedeweecs 14. Coat ...... Reisioane ies cis ecia et ose osisiswc csleeee eee cs cae see ecw cesses s Sl BaSodeesecsc saceseecsess 1, CONG SESeB Sao sasareae tare orca OC een sarap JuSsenees sawice Bil Seeeteccee Goal eeiseewawescs Gam SIZ Rese chcsionc osiveo nin ccc wise Sete cinnve eso cistécisie ade once esseecce sce Gp) SSE aas emaresereisas 17. Action and. style Bi lbeessca concn bescaen cece HEC ONGINION Saas esac oe er eee sce ca ees sal ce se a eee eae cea eeseeces 2 19. Disposition 2 20 Symmetry 3 ROT) condidcees case eu obene Soar See Se ane E Es Ep aes sae ee eS 100: [eteeecenccedlsessetwcaces 84 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. Michigan State Agricultural College. Seale of points. General appearance: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— pounds .. Size; according to age and breed... ---.---- 0. --05 see scene nee Form, deep, low down, broad; standing firmly and squarely on legs Quality, bone clean, medium fineness; hair silky, without lest Soe se eoboor aca adoUoe ac ocne! osc sssqgddcaauonacacsostad Disposition, quiet..... dw-eisinwieie se didies cic Us ce einjelemieetsine @cloeite eee Head and neck: Snot; Teme thy MEAT eicie re ajace e aioian(a\n\aloiwia(u(elsisieletalelatn/alaieterateettetele sta Eyes, prominent, clear, bright ................. Hace; short; ‘cheeks prominent:2-2-4----- Seeiee seca eee eae Mars, fine, silky-sizemedinum: =e eee eee Cee Enea ere Jowl, large, neat, full to brisket and shoulder Neck, short, thick, broad on top Fore quarters: Shoulder, broad; deep; compact, Tull... .c oan e ace cesses ete Breast, moderately projecting, wide, deep Legs, straight, short, well placed outside.............--........- Feet, strong; standing well on the toes......................--- Body: Hin Girth, large AAnOAcCODBATAANONIC Chest, deep, wide, thick’ through ie heart Side, close sibbed, Jong, deep, full... = acm seeeeeieen) sees ee ee 2. Size and substance, for age 5.22552 .5~ i sGec see ee ose ces cee nee ee cee eee 3 ano so eee 3. Action, VIgOrOUS) CASY. .= 552 ccpees acne] ceeen ene © nese ee eee nec ee eee 4) |. ocgneeeeee 4. Appearance, cylindrical smooth, compact. ee s-.-e eee. see eee ee eee eee 4 ae Sas cee 5. Quality, skin, smooth, pliable; flesh firm; hair soft, fine, silky ...-.....--. 5 ae ee ‘6, Nervous energy: 6. Temperament, active, controlled’)... s-2- cer sess soeepaeeee re ae eae eee Sees UM eee noe: Se 7. Eyes, large, clear, bright, mild, placid, free from white..........-.------- 6 leseeeeeeeeee 8, Forehead, broad, hirh;*face’shortie.s.scsssce es ee cecee te aenee een aen ee eee fe eee ede: 9.) Bars; broad medium, thin, actives. 22e-) ee eee een cere eee oe 10; Spinal:column; long, well covered! 22 -2s-sssees = sacs oe eres eens eee YM pee acne C. Structural anatomy: alate Bash age clean-cut, smooth, correlated, symmetrical, free from patchiness and. Offal :.. 5.22224. Sadecen bees chao noe oe eisai eee eee en ee eee eee I. |: aoe eeeee 12. Head, size medium; snout medium? ftaceishortio-ssccse sso ee ce eee eee L |< 3-ceeeeeee 13.Neck, thick; short; 22s jcc e waemeeeies se nee cen neice eee ereen eee Ce eee eee 1, | tecaee eee 14. Withers, broad on top, well fleshed; shoulder well covered, slanting ..... 1. ee eee 15, Shoulder; heavy, broadideep; tulle: =: o-ceeseeseeeceee sees. hee eeeeEeeee bee ese 16: Back, broad strong. wellimiuscled? 5anssssse see eee ce eee eee eee Dl ds ee 17, Loin, broad, 'strome <2 seas oS nee aces see ese sie ee eee eRe eee eee eee bis een cee 18. Pelvic arch, suppressed, well covered... oceccsseeosseeeed seen e eee eee 2. | :at sere ees 19) Plank: lean twast full thieheiwl) recurvedeecsesse es eeeer ee eee eee ee eeee Ll ae ee eee 20. Bones, medium; feet strong BAS CREP aE aes ae ec CE RD Sn auane pemoacecrmosccas 2. | asso eee D. Digestion and assimilation: 21. Nostrils; medium-sized: clear, Dright<.--2-aseces see eeeereeeacee = eee eee 1 | acco 22. Breast, full, LOW 22 eee so oko Seen Sel een eee Cee ees 2. | sa doeeme ees 23. Chest, wide; deep; long; girth large f22: 22222 ccsensme en nec eee Ss eseee eee T \aaecigere cee 24. Middle piece, long, broad’on top,/deep..2-- o..¢ .220-e--s-nen esse -e eee 9 |. aacereaeleme 20, Ribs; flat, well arched deeply covered 22 = see. -eceice aise ose ee eee 3.|ssscene se oes 26. False ribs, well developed Sue bee ousae tes See eee ae ane ee eee eisee ae ee ee 3 | psec oeeeseee E. Essential qualities: 27. Top line, straight or slightly arched; bottomline straight, close to ground... Ll fuspvane these 28. Size and w eight, indicating tendency to mature early « .- = -.-2024-< sees A || Ser aoe neces 29. Middle piece, well developed, giving strong back and deep long side..... 74 | accrslerareene See 30. Long from hook points to pin bones, and to hock; hams uniform, mass- DVO; IMCRUVi ca cccmece se semassincisein 6 ociane aejeieisie ate sere ele eo tae eee 4").2.stecekeee 31. Constitution, vigorous; bones sufficient for weight.............----------- 2: eee: = ee Totalsc case Ros sete ws vide bohdlece cou ad Sas cue e oe een Serie eee eee tee LOO}; 3... het Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas. Seale of points. . General appearance: Estimated weight, —— pounds... ccasig << cece «ntciwwwiceneoeceee Weight, according to ages. eso Sees Seen eee eee ee eee ee Form, deep, broad, low, symmetrical, compact, standing squarel VON Legs. ss.csk ae ee eke este ian a Cee Ee eeee eee Quality, bone, clean; hair silky; skin fine ....................-- Disposition, quiet . Head and neck: Snout, of medium length and fineness..........-.-.--22--eencce Eyes: dollmild: *brisht, large -22t2) shee soo sear ereeretenereeernee Hace) shortseheeks Pulls 2. 8 aoe ache ocieiccete cetie meen caer e meena Ears, fine, soft; size medium Jowl, strong, neat, brodd ec. ese. seco eeneeceeeeweeeeneeeie Neck, thick; length medium . Fore quarters: Shoulder vein; falls. secckn eects ek eon eee teee eee Shoulder, broad, deep, full; top compact Breast; full “wides. +. .202 Jace ee sae eee enero eee eee eee jer, straight, short, strong; feet of medium size . Body: Chest; deep; :broad:girth largesse s eon cee ee eee eee eee eee Sides, deep, lengthy, closely ribbed .......................----- Back, broad, straight, thickly and evenly fleshed Loin wide thiek 5.7... s.2.cs0s0%.= asjeeide den eee eee DE CEE eres Belly; straighitssoth ee. ts ehel nc eehecseQncetee ncaa een eeeeeee teas Flank, eyen with under line E. Hind quarters: Hips, wide apart: samooth=.5..c..e23s.escmeee eeeca eae pee eEee Rump, long, wide, straight, evenly fleshed ..................--- Hams, ‘deep; wide; heavily fleshed<.. 5. cancccs ceeenceeeeeeeaee = Thighs, fleshed elase to HOCKa=c. see ee aoe ene ene Tail; tapering a2 52. soeedescd each eee aeek ee eee een eee ere Legs, straight, short, strong; feet of medium size..........-..-- Possible | Student’s score. score. Corrected. THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. Agricultural College of Utah. 91 Scale of points. General appearance: Age, estimated, ——; actual, —— Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— pounds; score ac- cording to age Form, deep, broad, low, long, symmetrical, compact, standing Square lviOnele sss = soos a2 Mie ihre se ee see se eee sion Quality, bone clean; hair silky; skin fine Disposition, quiet Head and neck: Snout, length medium; not coarse Eyes, full, mild, bright, large Face, short; cheeks full Ears, soft, fine; size medium Jowl, strong, neat, broad Neck, thick; length medium Fore quarters: Shoulder vein, full Shoulder, broad, deep, full, compact on top Breast, advanced, wide qe straight, short, strong; feet medium size Body: Chest, deep, broad; girth large Sides, deep, lengthy, closely ribbed Back, broad, straight, thickly and evenly fleshed Loin, wide, thick Belivastrarishitesss.- oosec ee eons Flank, even with under line Hind quarters: Hips, wide apart, smooth Rump, long, wide, evenly fleshed, straight Hams, heavily fleshed, deep, wide Thighs, fleshed close to hocks Legs, straight, short, strong; feet medium size Score. Student’s. | Corrected. College of Agriculture of the University of Wisconsin. Seale of points. General appearance—25 points: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual,—— pounds; according to age Form, deep, broad, low, long, symmetrical, compact, standing SCUMARE yROMPlCR SH = aa eee SU a Se ath aes sees Quality, bone clean; hair silky; skin fine IDI OOO, CDI Boo ae Sah Hesooc nee aS eS onoe Seo EeEnehe pono DeCBeaee Head and neck—10 points: Snout, not coarse; length medium......................---..--- Eyes, large, mild, full, bright, wide apart Forehead, broad Face, short; cheeks full Ears, fine, soft; size medium Jowlistron sn eat. roads se SoS ataanaeeee cee sa seek eee ee Neck, thick; length medium Fore quarters—13 points: Shoulder, broad, deep, full, compact on Breast, wide, prominent Legs, straight, short, strong; feet medium size Body—32 points: Chest, deep, broad; girth large Sides, deep, lengthy, closely ribbed Back, broad, straight, thickly and evenly fleshed Loin, thick, wide Belly, straight Flank, even with under line Hind quarters—20 points: Hips, wide apart, smooth Rump, long, wide, evenly fleshed, straight Hams, heavily fleshed, deep, wide Legs, straight, short, strong; feet medium size ‘top Daa as Ass aaa sees sas Possible score. Points deficient. Student’s SOGiD. Corrected. 92 LARD HOGS. BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. College of Agriculture of the University of Illinois. — Seale of points. Perfect score. Student’s score. Corrected. General appearance—30 points: 1. Weight, score:according (0; afeiceaae- eee ieee este eisai Sees 2. Form, deep, broad, low, long, symmetrical, compact; stand- ing squarely on legs). . ossscSecicc ke od ahem see e eee eeeee 3. Quality, hair silky; skin fine; bone fine; mellow covering of flesh, free from lumps and wrinkles..............--...-..--- 4. Condition, deep, even covering of flesh, especially in region of valuable Cuts. 1. <3..abe eceesebeces oaeneen aeee coe oer Head and neck—S8 points: 5. Sout, length medium: not Coamses.--ecsses see eee aes sees 6; Kyes; folly amild! ibright nce nssoceeeene cate oe eee eee eee 7. Hace short: cheeks ull o-pose.5 ace sete Saree tees ease ee eee 8. Ears, fine; size medium; attached neatly..............---....- 9. Jowl strong; meat broads firm! - oo oseeeneee erases e eters 10. Neck, thick, smooth to shoulder; length medium .........-.- Fore quarters—12 points: 11. Shoulder, broad, deep, full; compact on top ...............--- 12-Breast advanced “widest son5> os ceen eee tee een ee eee 13. Legs, straight, short, strong; bones clean; pasterns upright; feet: Mi EAUUM: SIZE) siawicions pass camer «See oe eee ee eae eee eee Body—82 points: 14. Chest;,deep, broad: girth large. = 2-00. -c5<- se. See = ceseeeie 15. Sides, deep, lengthy, full; ribs close, well sprung...........-- 16. Back, broad, straight, thickly and evenly fleshed............. 17. oin; wide, thickstraiehit <<. em=acceos sere etenaae enero cree 18:.-belly, Straight; CVG tcoo.onasencaeteeee tebe ce eee eee eee Hind quarters—18 points: 19. Hips; widevapart,. smooth ..4.,.42-cs-eecnoce eerie sce eee ere 20. Rump, long, wide, evenly fleshed, straight ..........---...-.. 21. Ham, heavily fleshed, plump, full, deep, wide.....-.--.....--- 22. Legs, straight, short, strong; bone clean; pasterns upright; feet: MEGIUM SIZE ooo 5.5 ows .clcininis eis a,n10 aioiemavoie eles Saeee eR oeee School of Agriculture of Purdue University. Seale of points. General appearance—30 points: 1. Weight, score according to age............- aulaioisieate seers kine 2. Form, deep, broad, low, long, symmetrical, compact; stand- ing squarelyion eps. 5. Saiesiisc essa. seca neaenseseceeeeees 3. Quality, hair silky; skin fine; bone fine; covering of flesh mellow, free from lumps and wrinkles..............-..--- 4. Condition, deep, even covering of flesh, especially in region Ol valuable ecutsl:. 2. 2yst obec henetnen Cone ee EEE eee 5. lemperament, mild iquiet=>ssesose sn scen eee ber cee meeeeete ee Head and neck—§S points: 6. Snout, leneth. medium: not coarse.--.--sscceseseeeee ee eeeeee id. ayes; Tullis mild: bright Jagsc essere aoe cecices Seen eee eee 8: Hace shoniicheelcs tililesse 2 eee soos eee een eae eee 9. Ears, fine; size medium; attached neatly ............-.------ 10: Jowl,'strong; neat: broad whnrm)...4.cocenoedeceeben seeeennee 11. Neck, thick, smooth to shoulder; length medium........... Fore quarters—12 points: 12. Shoulder, broad, deep, full, compact on top.........----.--- 13; Breast, ‘advanced! Wwides cb smec~ ose nee sence Coen OE nen ene 14. Legs, straight, short, strong; bones clean; pasterns upright; Teet Medium size 35.56 -hecceienee ce nese ce acehere eee ese: Bod y—82 points: 15; Chest. deep broadsseinthilargesecs see) seseee se eeeese teenies 16. Sides, deep, lengthy, full; ribs close, well sprung ..........-. 17. Back, broad, straight, thickly and evenly fleshed........... 18; Loinwide thick ‘straights sa.sscscbacbeeeceaneenear seeeeeee 19) Belly, Straight, Gvens-cccescccceenineeeeeo cee Homans sansenadae Hind quarters—18 points: 20: Hips, wide apart, ;SMOOth 53 5.’ =ce<'0 Legs: straight, ShOrtis . sce wes Suis acne co rise ercteiorraret gears aie oo eee eee DiS 3 cet een meee Wool: 28. Flee’e, dense, covering all parts of body evenly; yolk plentiful, free from Ieemnipy Se ke de teiocesn encteoeesins sme e eee eae Beiee pi Oe ee ee eee Sorgen caren oe 29. Fiber, bright, lustrous, strong, even; spirals regular .............-..-..--- 4 | atic ei TOTAL 2 oe esse ae seek BES sacar sk oa sci renew eee ab Se ais slstins nis eee See eee 100|:|. cee = THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. 101 State Agricultural and Mechanical College of the University of Tennessee. Seale of points. Perfect) Student’s score. score. | A. Primary considerations: 1. Weight, POUT ayer tore acra ne See rstes ayeteisiotsie siti s SSE Rieiee Gis ie omer aetelleleginingas (eater dae nee PRE OIZ CVA GkSUDStAM Ge OTA Sera sess mne ie i ee a See mrss nieve wes hs ere rane cio ks Pa Perce SE OR ge 3. Style; attractive, sprightly; breeding apparemt.........-...-.-...--------- 7 eee ae ee AeA PeAranCe SQUAT nw DOCK ye seas ees aaa eae ease cine sane alee ee eine opts iReader Cede 5. Quality, skin pink; flesh firm; hair soft, fine, silky.....................--- Spee asolaliilt B. Nervous energy: Gweherperament active mcOnmbrolle ders scence eee ae alesse oe eee elas al See NP ae 7. Eyes, large, clear, bright, mild, placid, free from white..--......--....--- (Relig s Tee eke SeBLORe HERO mb LOS Oeghinehipa Ns vse eit nes er cere 3, Ns eee ep intaes ae ee NTE Sh: eae ane erage GQ), BEES SUnEWU A oMt Ml) EXC BN eke He eee ORS E IS Oe cia ciety oe eo arene eet a ET se Uae 10. Spinal column, medium, well covered.........--.-------- Be Ne Sopot ae ee | GS ee ee ee ete lee Se eC OTIMG Oise ornare mice oasis es cee Sms Sees eeaataen Seite Smee De eee C. Structural anatomy: : 12. Contour, clean cut, smooth, correlated, symmetrical, free from patchiness EnIG OVARIES ee Seas Rey etcetera a See ee DIR Ee es eae 13. Head, medium in size; muzzle refined; mouth large; face lean ........-.. Dy lee ay ake abe Me Neck fine lensthimedimm: throat clean ----°- 2-9) -2----46-- 2-555. 255s. HL pe ceases 15. Withers, broad on top, well covered, compact; shoulder well covered, Vee eee SU RTO MTN ee wpe eee te ele rere mane Beyeseree eva Sa ava enisinte ine Seiecise Sioa a amiserae cit TU eA EN iGeback strain strone. wellimuscledenes--sae sss on scsse seas aeceee sees cee Dil Retainers Lene VAG OLIGO LO AGS bLOM Ose aes ye ss Dee See eee ee IE ee a eee Beoelseitee ee 18. Pelvic arch, suppressed, smooth; pin bones wide.....-...---...-----.------ Dy a Aaa Eek i, Merk, lonve inwaisy Mlle inane sabe son Ganson aucene saconecacessooqusuLeouss A ees Sea ee AD, LOMAS, wae, OMISSIONS oenaceacaudeadaccon sod sneuecsorenooesauedeaaasns 2a eo ese pista e D. Digest and assimilation: HiPeNOSinilseredinm=sized, Clears bright) es cer s-eoe sas cece 2eiceee cise ceecee se Ie seis eA Domebreasianguoniskets prominent wlOwWeessceeer ect acca eee nee rics semen i eee ee PomOnestmwide aeep Wong einthlanrgee oo ues 62 2s sce eee. Ue eer oe Rola Se vees oases te 24. Barrel, medium long, broad on top, deep, capacious -....---..------------ Qe AR Mees hs Jobs siat clase together swellvarchedre ess cece cn ccae eles eos ne ence SESE ome eaten DOwmbualsernuos wielladevelOpedies.nseac ss cen vce ssmiersck ecclesia cms Ree eta Sirsa ese ae E. Mutton and wool: 27. Form, deep, broad, long, low set, evenly covered with firm flesh ......... QUE RE ACH reat 28. Back, broad, level, flesh firm, well covered. ....................--1-.------ ZENE TSIEN fe Rau Doe Homaiqnarcers, meaty, wellidevelopedess-ecosnace sss ease eee eee a eee ne ANN esia eager Le iets 30. Fleece, covering body evenly, dense; wool strong, even, bright.........-. 3 ST Seas 31. Yolk, abundant; fleece free from kemp.............0..--.eccccc cece eee -e TB Fee or TS INO UR s dees Se BE COE RSS SECS ROE 5 Earn tEl Ma speech eee aft era eat ener ee TOO EP eene cues 102 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. Agricultural College of Utah. Seale of points. General appearance: Age, as indicated by teeth ——; corrected ——...............---------+- Weight, estimated, ——; actual, ——; score according to age........---. Form, low, 4ong, symmetrical compaction sanseeseee- see oe ere eeraaae Quality, bone clean) strong: -hair'silky 22 33-eeee ee ae eee nese Temperament, Quiet. 2.6 S22 soc. a5 -osn moanee new eneeeo sore eee een tees Head and neck: Muzzle, fine; mouth large; lips thin; nostrils large .............-.-.---- Eyes, bright, full: whitesiclesra 2. s-cec- sae eee ere e eae eee Face, short./expression!quiet- 222 #2) kee ce - eee eee oe eee e ere ees rae Forehead, broad 22222. 2c seed aoe pe ee ee eee Eee ae eee Hays, firm; erect: lively.iuc. 0 <2sescen cateeneee eucietes Dae eter eee Neck, thick, short, heavier toward shoulders ...............--.--------- Fore quarters: Shoulder vein, fully 2 jet seo oe eet ee eae ee ee ae eee eee Shoulders, compact, covered with flesh .............:.......-.....-..--s Chest, wide iGcepec ee: accer seme eee ee rece eeee ee seer ear ar er enr See eee Brisket, projecting forward}, breast wider: - =. -cncsesca ok cence eee eee eee straight, short, wide apart, strong; forearm full; shanks ee nanteiate Body pS Backjsirairht wide wellicovereds-ss-en se seeo eee eee eee eee eee Loins toieks broad snc = sss oct aa sd eee oe eee oe eee nee ee Ribs Arched): Geepia. fac) soba pace ate Oe ee ie ee etre an ete Flank, low, thick, making under line straight .....................----- Hind quarters: Hips, fariapart, smooth... J2522% ooo5 sete mee caiman ae ee age inet etedee ete Rump, longs, level, wide 2a: 22:sccs6 itactne Gals cone eee ee eee Thighs, full, well Heshellisc ccd cee tac are coke nen ne ee Twist, plump, deep 252 Gok cates week ee ne ee ee eee Legs; straight, short. strong: shanks/smooth) 2 sai0cse--e ee ee ee eee eee Constitution: Girth; laree; —— feet, —— inches.s2 2.2 S22 ses ssae eee one eee Skin: ‘sot: color pink’. <2. ceca enc ae ecece a teen oe ee eee eee Pleéce, dense, even over the DOdy. soe. oo eee cee eee aoe eee eee eee Yolk, abundant, evenly: distributed’=22-5-2...-s-c= tear sees eee eee eee Wool: Quantity, long; dense: ieven) e226. Secs cea as hice eee ee eee Quality, fine: soit, pure even mibrevustrous eeesecmeseeeee eee en eeeee Condition; bright, strong: clean’ 22233. ec seaneu acetate eee eee eee Totale cle sacieccup sacs alecietes ace ndvecacrsmessase seta cate Enea teen Score. Mutton. Fine wool. B/S /S(elelz 3, | >| Si sel ets uo} o o oO Oo oO Tb en We ie eS ge baer in s|2|s|/s8|218 mM nm eB} wm wm iS) BE tepals Ae se ae eens 2.)| se ees als aot eee pe tel BG a pI eee eee UM i I et eee) | etl] ge iL 2 | 222] eet eee eos pee 2h ae Ton\s 32, ee 3 |-22.)|222 omen eee 3) | Sec: Soe) ena ee eee | 2 |. 225) onl ae oe a = Dui arse zeae PRA Meialiccen \sxe x (oss 3 |. 2 2.|e ces | aren oom eee Oi sane Qe ee PAE Pes alle 2a eae eee Be eel Meee leet ise = eib 4 [on elncig 2 eaen eee eee 4}. ae De oer 4). aiStall oe =|| Ok eo een ee Sal aes laa th Peers Pests Ocal eers 3) aster 3. |-.-0|seusleauleeesleeee 2: | -cch so sete Om eee eee 25) ae 4 | Secieeee a A ees ety nao s-.- 4 | oak) Fo ce) a eee 4 |\.55) accel) SO) eee 100: } 2.62] c. 2 LOOM Seen eee 1 THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. MUTTON SHEEP. College of Agriculture of the University of Illinois. 1038 Same as the Indiana card (see below) for mutton sheep. The Illinois card uses the word ‘‘ condi- tion’? in the description of the chest instead of ‘‘ constitution,’’ which is probably a typographical error. School of Agriculture of Purdue University. Stand- Student’s Seale of points. ard. | score. Corrected. = sell mie } I, AYRE, SS anoosogesoczegesoc seccsoossese noose dese seos sanoseeesse jSebeadocss eegaaeecos Ie ee cama General appearance—38 points: OmWeirhi score accOrdine toage:...-252245s8--5-2 222022 8) | Pees eeloeae Bae Reathace 3. Form, long, level, deep, broad, low set, stylish ............. TOV teehee ees [ee aN este) 4. Quality, bone clean; hair silky; skin fine; light in offal, yielding large percentage of meat ........-.-....-------:- OR RRS aie ieee ener sd aa 5. Condition, deep, even covering of firm flesh, especially in region of valuable cuts; points indicating condition or | ripeness are thick dock, back thickly covered with flesh, | thick neck, full purse, full flank, plump breast.......---- Ne es aceor epee sans Head and neck—7 points: | 6. Muzzle, fine; mouth large; lips thin; nostrils large .......-- pI] Een eke ste | eeepc ay oa Ue IDMeS, Lend) Oleehe ol evoke Cee ae cer eens oer oa sae Senec essen Bs ype ee a ye (OS 8 ge 8. Face, short; features clean cut .........--- obras en ae eS G14 fe lee se ined s Ts eer Ne DRBHOLeMCAC se OLOAG dull leanne ete Tame naa ca ENO te cL est eee aie | SuaSeuecenae LO MBE TSR TNO MOTEC Gee ers eases ea ee BURL a Tid Vigeteeares pen ee [Ese aacpaha Rie ek 11. Neck, thick, short; throat free from folds................--- Ou sps eaters Seen [Eta wena ee Fore quarters—7 points: 12. Shoulder, covered with flesh, compact on top, smooth -..--- | Dil Sasekeeascee Heeb tee als 13. Brisket, projecting forward; breast wide..........-.--.-..--- | dl SG eee ae aCe eae eae ABR 14. Legs, straight, short,-wide apart, strong; forearm full; Shamkasmoothehineyc. {eae soon ce meas nse ae Sessa eeyaecee 1G ears eae SAE REE Body—20 points: - | - 15. Chest, wide, deep, full, indicating constitution -........-... | GIN a RE ee ke ee Towkibseavellisprunge (GCep= sa. aes alesse aaa eda oe eee | AON Re NOES ee ee aera ieee 17. Back, broad, straight, long, thickly fleshed-.............--. | Gel beeren elvis [ea lb Reet 0 TUS. ILGatraLs Toles, lon OFEIGG ly to) Vr er ee OPER A Rese Serer) yea ye (ey Seats Ae [Beaereaa eke Mo Hind quarters—16 points: | LOSES a apant. level iSmOOthy se -ssess-- seeps amine ese Dia oetel oO cele pa Mane neue aL Pi eRmmp lone level. wide to tailhead 22-22 225555525555 42s555 CO ERE e ne enact a aerte acm pre Dimes hse deep. Wid Cas = 2-6 22 eae hear eS se oan sae os asic FP sea EAL rae cre ee welts ea PPP WASt AD LUMP VOCED = 2c scnioeec nee eesecie pee ate caer | Difacetee a eenac lines ate 23. Legs, straight, short, strong; shank smooth, fine Ihe) eae E AR loadetenseese Wool—12 points: PA MOMMA bYApLOM oy @EUSE KEM sonnei neeine ieee ae = | 4h cseracoscascloccssascesss 25. Quality, fine, pure; crimp close, regular, even .......-.-.--- | AE Aram aia ae ONE 26. Condition, bright, sound, clean, soft, light.............----- | 4 | Bune meee Mel eee eaceem | | = DOW oo seco ce ocoesccspessessoescocsesersseosecctesoceoseces | TOO) | Pema ore ae Sesame 104 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. Iowa State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts. ‘ E Perfect Scale of points. ecores De AGO —— sor. eect Shed eee be setae sce cee lest ee ae tee eee oc web ee eee ee ee General appearance: 2. Weight, score according to ages a. so. 2. casesmenes salacinins soca ese ene een eee eee 8 8. Form, long, level, deep, broad; low set, stylish: 2: 222.5. 2-5: 25. SoG 10 4. Quality, bone clean; hair silky; skin fine; light in offal, yielding large percentage ay Of MCA... aside ncn seas tessa sacs os ease cause clenteCee nee e eee et eee 5. Condition, deep, even covering of firm flesh, especially in region of valuable cuts; points indicating condition or ripeness are thick dock, back thickly covered with flesh, thick neck, full purse, full flank, plump breast..................--oeceeneenae 10 Head and neck: 6) Muzzle, fine; mouth large; lips thin; nostrils lange <..2--. 2... 6. 2.<0s-= 6 sinese ee 1 7. Byes, large, clear, placid 2 22282 Sack. 2 cascceeese one sece eee. Twist;;plump, deep. . ... <0 ..tc5s.5.ccle tsar Saneeict Sanat ae ade eee Een eee ee 3 23. Legs, straight, short, strong; shank smooth; fines. .2222.2-.2-. 22. -- soe 422 eee eee eee aL Wool: 94. Kind’ domestic, territory, carpet or blanket... . 2.02.22. 0oe 0c cl come o oe om cle eee eee ene eee 25. Class, clothing; delaine or combing... .. 2.52 -222..502. 5205 se0 2 oe onde ce eee eee eee 26. Grade, fine; medium OF COBTSC® <<..2< <2. i25 as eremicssa cine ele rnteinicis un ce ee eee ee % Fa| Se eee ee 27. Quantity, long, dense, ‘EVEN o..22\5-.-.01,5 sabin- eee aoe ote Heeler eee oe ee oa eee 4 28. Quality, fine, pure; crimp close, regular, even..-.---.2-2..- 5. :2s2- 2082 eee 4 99. Condition; bright, sound; clean, soft; light... 2. jcc.c... 252 26 seesse2 =e ese 85| sees Temperament, quiet: -.22:s5 22 ,- ate fae ects amen. oe eee ios ee eae | Merete see Head and neck: Muzzle, fine; mouth large; lips thin; nostrils large...........-.--- 1.22. ceeeee Eyes) bright, fully. e423. h.ceties hs case =e sees ee te ee ner ee Ena 1. || s2seseee eee Hace: short; expression quiet.se% eme- ence een oes eee eee pe Seer ess: Porehead); broad’. cmsse oe pate ck ee ee ee re eee ee ee eee eee rere L.|..22eceeeee Bars) TIME rete csc ae S5.. oe See eee eee are es ee eet 1 |: eee Neck, thick Shorten o-ssecee cases bree te eek eet eee eee meee rere 1, .e3Seeee Fore quarters: Shoulderivein ofall .o--eenet cence sect ee Eee a eee arene 2. aee eee Shoulder: covered; compacts. .ock n2-e aes c hae eee eae eee 3) \s ssc ete Brisket, projecting forward; breast wide..............------------ 2.2 See Legs, straight, short, wide apart, strong; forearm full; shank SINOOGHy a2 sewed wakls ek Ss eda wtes Seas same obs se ee cleeme neers 3) |< ee cere Body: Chest,wide; deep) acscta= ccc macicuine sien icence eia-betloee Stee See See 3). eee eeeee Back, straiobt. wide 2 228 hess oi Ane eee Renae See eee ee eee 4: | ance. Loins? thick sbroados2 aces succes te se oe eee eee eee eee ’ 3. oc Ribs arched. Geepe: jen Ane oei ae arene cece Sonne eee see merea eee ene 3) |e anes Flank, low, thick, making under line straight..........-.....---. 2 |sceee seeeee Hind quarters: Hips fariapart,SMOOtn fee ct. macc reac oreee occ emee che aeteaeceeee 3 odie peer Rump Jones level wiGe sa... 2s0-cse2. ce seas oe eee cee eae eee 3. a2. e eee Tienes, Tues jo eeeie eae Bi eeeer oe sans Twist, deep, plump PIB eee eek: Purse, full, indicating condition ...........-- Toa ccce ates ee SeeEe Dl acs oar Legs, straight, short, strong; shank smooth................------- Bn Bee case Constitution: CEN rte DAM Ey fa(2 8 Pe te BR EO eens ee Sa eee Saas ons to hese 3 |p. Slini color pink somali cetera e cet ieee aie n eee eee eee ae 3 scl eae Fleece, dense, even.over body; yolk abundant ..................- 4. | 2 tae eee Wool: Quantity, lonsPGense even ss.fecc5- occ ceceeeeeece eee oaee es 6] osha Quality fine ssoit,purewevieniis.2 2: .2. sek ceaeeeaee ener aeeteee 4 loo Condition; bnght, strong: Cleans... ..2sose:-nacesheeeeeeereeee eee ci eee a TOCA =). pniekercassde hc wacnigeeel oe dua ot de come emer oe Cee Cer eae 100" | 32,-os epee a After Craig. THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College. 109 Seale of points. Possible score. Student’s score. Corrected. General appearance—s6 points: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— pounds; score ac- cording to age Form, long, level, deep, broad, low set, stylish Quality, bone clean; hair silky; skin fine; light in offal, yield- ing large percentage of meat Condition, deep, even covering of firm flesh, especially in re- gion of valuable cuts; points indicating condition or ripeness are thick dock, back thickly covered with flesh, thick neck, full purse, full, low flank, plump breast........-....-.-------- Head and neck—6 points: Muzzle, fine; mouth large; lips thin; nostrils large ..--......-.- Hyesularcevel ean placid’ esa ety ain oe ees cin ee ee eee eee HaAceyshonreatuneseleanicuiligeccasce sec he on oee ecco ee sees Tao Gl outoLG ably Le eee ee eee ibe eee ee ee wee ears AE ATS ae faite CHRO TOC Ge tee cay) starsat al Pateitate ia lovainttasaieia cera Matias teint INGekemieckea shoriasiree fromstOldS@eeeseeeeeeeseeeeeeese ese nee Fore quarters—4 points: Siowoywllec kere Neato soe a Se Ses mn es er ae ers ore ae aac es Shoulder, covered with flesh, compact on top, smooth ......--- Brisket, projecting forward; breast wide....-.....-...----.----- Legs, straight, short, wide apart, strong; forearm full; shank SPC OXOMLIA,, ONO W EN 5 VS eA i ae ae eI UN Th a peg ee ng Body—26 points: Chest, wide, deep, full, indicating constitution --..-...--.-..-... Back, broad, straight, long, wide, thickly fleshed; ribs arched. Loin, thick, broad, long Hind quarters—17 points: nips erersa panileve ism OOUMIbS saemee nse eee eee cence seem ene Rum pslonerlevellwaderto all heaGdeeeemee see re see ee eeeeer ee Rinichs mull deep, wide se. 22;.c2e ee ee see Lee TNS, Tollvbany oy, CWE Deserta CdR SooasasoaotonaopaRsaTions seco eHeaseae Legs, straight, short, strong; shank smooth, fine -......--...-..- Wool—11 points: Kind, domestic, territory, carpet, or blanket......-.....--....-- C@lassrclothinesdelainevor/ combing 22s. se. 4-2 4652s aeeeeeeoe Grade, fine, medium, or coarse.-..........-..-------------------- Onanititvelons-denseevieMes=s-sms-eeeee ee seeee ee ee ee ee eee eee Quality, fine, pure; crimp close, regular, even......----.--.---- | Condition, bright, sound, clean, soft, light................-.--..- | 110 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. The Pennsylvania State College. | Perfect Points deficient. Seale of points. | ee _ score. | Student’s | eeoral Corrected. Age, —=; teeth, ———- o-oo lane cece ciwinnpe eininie wine on ietm ose islole ile micislele smlele | afet=te/=taies | eae eae General appearance: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— pounds; according | (HOE: ine Aine Se or eee ao oe neem ena: ces eoeee ssgeoe= 22s eSsene a ee ss ose Form, low, long, symmetrical, compact. :. =... - 2). -2.---=---5-<<5= 8 [one cnionie sents] See eee Quality, bone clean, strong; hairsWiky = 25.2225. 22h csv gees case ce fa ee eee eM a Temperament UIC. see seek orale le tam fera Act eee ee teense D- | evieincald eis Cee ee eee Head and neck: Muzzle, fine; mouth large; lips thin; nostrils large ........------- 1 ‘Byes, (bright-fwll uot oc.c< ec ac aul-ie ae eee Gee eee ee eeeee 1 Pace shortssexpressiouiquiet: 2. ss. 0, seeeee seer rere eee eee ee 1 Forehead: broad... ... 2s. Ss22eeccon sc eeeason aEe sep ek ee eee eer ee 1 Mars: dime, Crect.....0\.ccicenseppeeetcteenetesee ser So bebe eee etree ene 1 Neck, thick:Short.-: soo: nstece-seceseoeeewenepeee cee er cee ee eee 1 Fore quarters: Shoulder vein anual ¢ cnn cdeeenetoosced coer sehe Ae Ree en eteee Eee 2 | once eee Shoulders,.covered) compact: 5... .022-eene Oe et eee noes eee 3 | oo.8 2c as Eee Brisket, projecting forward; breast wide...........-..-..--...---- 2 |. sacdscen ce eee Legs, straight, short, wide apart, strong; forearm full; shanks BINOOEN "soc ioe cin wide be Seah oe aoe a one Se eR eee eae ee 3 |. -.cc chee Body: Chest, wide, deep. <:.525.02 sce semi dase eee eee ee eee caer 3 |. +e sae Back: straight, wide... 22 Joecm= was ates m ce saeese ee ere meee ree 4|. scnscecteelhe ee Loin’ thick, broad. aiciseticc seca presence eeec ese eeeE cere eater 3 | os. cooeees| oe Ribssarehed seep) v.cce ac edeais tae- see eee ee eee eee 8 il sce eee ees eee Tiesdssee~ Flank, low, thick, making under line straight...........-.....-.- 2 oc ck eee eee Hind quarters: | Piipsitar apart SMOOUN spe aes teaneee a seaenes ea ee eee eee eee 3) | 2 sesh wee eee Rinmpy lone; Level wide ene ccewenc mee eae rene seein Sep e eee ame | 3) | eee Slee Ser PP DISS HO oi oi a ecto ctyciniceceminealeine cikic sie sie ae aaa tee meee eee 8 |ocii3.denee Dwist; plump JGCePhaasscanenisee a 4 | ccceubeeeee |b eee Purse, full, indicating condition 2 |..---+ ieee ee Legs, straight, short, strong; shank smooth......................- 8 | as ane See eee eee stitution: Girth, STS ooo cic avin Sts seis one a clerins eclewieciow oe sein sam Sem eee 3 ..|..-dicadce ee Skin} COOL PUNKS 2 52 de cic wee come ae Cec ce chee eee eee ee eee eee 3 | oc at hee a sed dense and even over body; yolk abundant ............... 4 | onc eee eee Vool: Quantity, Jone dense seven: oro so cuccote seme eee ee pee meee 6 |. .-.005 ance eee Quality, fine, soft, pure, even ... 4 |. cctesaceces epee eee Condition breht, strong: icledmia.c--:eeenesscs aoe eee eee ee 4 |...s..c cee DOG os onc Se sce nice psa cine Con see siseels cmb eee ane tea ee eee Eee 100 \|--<2ceee vos] ssa ssteeeees THE SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. Bet College of Agriculture of the University of Wisconsin. Points deficient. Per- Seale of points. fect , Student s | score eocnal | Corrected. BE aw Sta Se a mS ee enlct eis Ae tate yalcva mies aie melo sie all aes omit | ise ereininin cecilia eccineweoee General appearance—24 points: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— pounds; according HOt NOmmcta ate Moe oso ae eae ets Ue ue uM ao aau sais o Ramis selene See ae | rl Se Sees corn yen cere Form, low, long, symmetrical, compact, evenly covered with PUENTE S Ki beetey ts ahi eee tet IN Nera Nae sake SON aaah NG E Cae em ent es 11) eget Speer Se eves ks ean eae tS Gunliine bone clean -whairisilicy. sescen cia: San et eh Pee | Gi eee ea | Le ye may ae EAMES LAM EIb ese sae wen eMac e staat se eioes SoA lhleish os ceeien | oF aebae cemesa|saaeatass see Head and neck—49 points: ) Muzzle, fair size; nostrils large; lips thin; mouth large.........--. Di fas eee eene seal eeies eas ee VES erUeabNI Mts weenie se sa ee oes Mee eee Scbeeaeee See ne SS oasel ls ee Bias ees [ng ea Hacewshort-expressiomibOl disse. sssscaccass A22 25252 se se sases sae] DE Same Gee cect tance ees Horehend roa Gees sane = Sea as aoe ss Notes Ane Sane aes ee ADE SF Ee AIR NY inn aoa SHAS RELIC ONC C Lyetsee er cteiet sree wicic cielo Sex eicrei Sete elajeceiss Sl a ncieminis ce Sell seo ee man atocal nates aaae Neeksinick short wuhrodt, cleam ss sesas62 se soacessccsecien see eee Diltmtsccaee hee leoetee se aes Fore quarters—13 points: SHOMLOETAVEIP elles saan eens hia eerie ae ie rec ce see me De eStock ocdas| Soea oer eoeee Shouldersseovered COmpactas essen seh ee ee ae sees so-so Bl Pane oN SHAl Sen ara CUNSSIL, GSD, WOKS Sen Venyge - 3 oc ses ec ese seceanessenqdccas Bae OAC Sere seerel (ac eveace agree Brisket, iudil, jovxoreou ners lone, WAG Wo Soe oe osaoeepeoeupeeaddcc CS ata ESE OLY Ue Oe Legs, straight, short, wide apart, strong; forearm full; shank | SUM OO Ue arr oy yun es Sark ee aan sistas eS Ana Seas ee AE AEE ALS a SESE Peas Sees Seine Body—13 points: Back, straight, wide ae | Womebroags thicks ss! 5262252 scce dee aese alt Rbsaeenearel Cdas sos ts sense nao ae ns Name ee Sno eee acles cine 3 | Flank, low, thick, making underline straight -...............-..- DEAS: hue Sena (es feo Hind quarters—17 points: | ISDS, SUNOOWM, Tene Coen oocose ncaseBacceaacnoS anBaA se AeeeBecHCeaaee Bloc sbsocoacc|lbeocacsopes Rump mlones levels wid Cicas dace ssesce saciacctiane eee cmecisjcececieee A ei et PANES OS oes hiro nse ewelluMmeshe daa. oso Sec cececer ceeeies soscinseeccl eeecee @ loscdesesacecllaccesbodeace Avs ieap lena p KG CCP isan ese eee re Uaioe ee ce bates oeiciem eae Ab: | geiy Baek) bh ie wicell ets peeterak Uecte Legs, straight, short, strong; shank smooth ...................--- Bt SRS Sra a Se Se aes Constitution—10 points: Golrila, IevFEe Se Wane Sed Se AS SA OR ECs eS ey are ae unin ta ae tars ieee yi eee eres act es see rae a te Ska MER COLO TAIN Kes = sete wise orcs as ctaes ola sim aiat sino aietaivie Lis Seles ieleceiae as Sy ORs e ee ae ere Hives ase 5 Bia Fleece, dense, even over body; yolk abundant ................--- AN gaya et Ne SEB ets ereetae Wool—1! points: | Oneaminhyloneadenses GVeWea sos sees aes ciele see Ae cinicisin leisiaie 2 se eet Co) |S eR asear Kesha eG a nd Quallingstinessolts pure eVienls= sas casa ae cists oclsiai asian cio Jelena se ree Al Nees AS 8 eat (Ae ea Condzrtions brights strong, Clea ss -a-kcieaacene soe. see cise sees Al Beis Se Sayan |e Sete lay BIRO Get leverage epeioteys i aaa e See inn oy, cia esis are eae ee Sie sie missulomsisisisias ares LOO sone ci os Sale eee 1h ee BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. WOOL SHEEP. Iowa State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts. Seale of points. DA Cy ioc ew aww m= win wine ole ala aiate a = wie = © helnla = = tie leiein ee ela sine =] ast la General appearance: Qo Weleh ts io sesle Ss cie sae rot ace.niidicarecsjemioee picisie eine einiel= See eeisiinidl 1 eS eee 3. Form, level, deep; stylish; round rather than square:./..-.. 22.2. --e eee -ee eee 4. Quality, bone clean, fine; hairsilky; skin fine -... 2-2-0... 3... --caeeesen eee Head and neck: . Muzzle, fine; nose broad, wrinkly; pure white................-.-.0--00----sceerereees . Eyes, large, clear, placid 3 dinwins siaecie eGo cable end ewisioeelec sens hec caste eee eee . Face, wrinkly, covered with soft velvety coats: s2325 acne conseck soe Oe jadideee eee eee ; Morehead, broad) fullz.... 22... c.a-22ssace eee een oeeeeiecee 2) sce ene nee 10. Neck, short, muscular, well set on shoulders. .....2<-<..¢ccee0s sac nee = eee Fore quarters: 11, Shoulder, strong; ‘deep, broad) <. «2-5 =ce see eee eee eee 19. Rump, long, level, 1 ECR RSTMEE STS 20. Legs, straight, short, strong; shank smooth, fine.* 2-2 .22.22)....42 2c. cece eee Wool: 21. Kind, Domestic, clean, bright. Carpet | hairy or having dead fibers Blanket 2UTY WIM ETC Ee a Territory, dirty or discolored. 22. Class, Clothing, fiber under 2 inches in length or unsound. Delaine, fiber 2 to 3 inches in length. Combing, fiber over 3 inches in length and sound. 23. Grade, fine, medium, or coarse. 24. Quantity, long, dense, even, covering especially crown, cheek, armpit, hind leg, and G1 Ye sos ol eccis Be.ciets slticiela slats siz -'ee ow cie nice eel ee UR ee ele enn oe eee Oe ee ee 25. Quality, fiber, fine, close; quality even, including tops of folds; crimp regular..-...-- 26. Condition, , bright, lustrous, sound, pure, soft; distribution of yolk even; even surface TOMTLECCE. Fb. ftece bn bce osine nic ojo nine wicisnle wis\celsin a ce.ee sain ose bie ele Seine See RN NRK O NPR BR RR RHE OO THE Michigan State Agricultural College. SCORE CARD IN STOCK JUDGING. 1138 Scale of points. Stud | students Corrected. A. General appearance: Weight, estimated, —— pounds; actual, —— pounds; standard | for mature ram, ——}; ewe, ——...-.....-------------2-2--5-5-- 1 BEES aeroaa Seeccnreccs Form, level, deep, round rather than square-....--._-..-.------ Dh Saaeereetet [22S pe are ee Quality, should not be coarse in bone, fleece, or features; firm | in handling, yet with soft, pliable skin of bright pink color - Gi pare eer ee oe ae Constitution, shown by fleece, skin, girth,and movement....-. IGS La eee eee ee ee B. Head and neck: Muzzle, mouth and nostrils of good size; lips thin.............. TO ee Rete ante SN Cee seer e Byes, bright, prominent; whites clear ..-.-..--....-:..-:.+---:- a ee Ne Here de ae lS Re eae Face, short, except in Oxfords, Hampshires, and Cotswolds.... HUI Sake 8 PI Le Nero END ee Morehead spnoaG eh ullilee eater oe cmiser a esata aes senimacinneoe ace OP RRS Oe, Tena peels arnee ys Ears, well apart, covered with fine soft hair, in size and form iAyii@nll Oi [OMAR -ea- = ces coeavenncoesssaooc eases seusosseSannoe ila aE Re Re eee ere eas massa Neck, for M., short, thick, neatly tapering to head; for W., 1ONSEHRALOOPIN SAL YOK Ce eace seine /e ee ese) lene tel aster agi Pas ae alla ba a et Nene C. Fore quarters: Shoulders, for M., smoothly joined with neck and body, broad on top, compact: for W., less closely joined.../.......-...-.-- A at 3 Se an i ot dar RP LEN GORA Breast, broad, carried well forward, closely joined to legs....-. Sy | Spee ai a Ae Legs, short, straight, strong, well apart; arm full..............- pi Ne ate BN (ie Saab Rise D. Body: ” | Backaan Gal omestraie ht wbrOadinc ca .s.5 nose scien LL Say est TY OWT CO} LON OT Oe ae ack ce ae a a ON eR hone tere Height of crest of occiput from ground .......-----.-------------+------ Dorsal angle of scapula to hip.................----- From angle of lower jaw to forehead above eye.... Heroin ea awit erst aye er yaretectenc ais tinioe ce zicleetee Ie ena Re | Sra Hy ua ates 199 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. The College of Agriculture and Domestic Science, Ohio State University. @ Fie. 11.—Chart for study of articular angles of the horse. Degrees. Inclination upon the horizon: Scapwlarist cls. daceckscxecisd aes tions e sie sleuls a baiale ele peianets apes eaiietem alam ister eae MUMCTON s) secede s-chwedoane Hoosoaan coe ebro Heese eemenw or CRO nace ene eae TVIAC 2228s ceansessnseaee gemka dees bet bedeige he eee See ee Soseeees Se eee eee Femoral Tibial. eo css cists wtacieeadems ose eepcosewus ads scax cons seeker eniees Eee Ces eeeee Cephalic Cervical eax cris Sos eiele distaibis nw sre eee Sook tv ote Seelam ieee ee ee ea ee eer Articular angles in stations: Scapulo-bumerallsicj.s.2 cee hos Shee daasasies ss 2 cb as wes oe se see sche asee eee een | bo oe eee HMumero-radial «6.2 omic osc cet os iatccisjcg awd w ae'sewtelne see Beieie Cate sieinawcleiiee se 6 2] Bee ee a Metacarpo-phalangal 2.5 20.2 25..vm point of hip to point of hock NVGlehiGOTeLOrequianterstaa es emn saetenca cin wielion ciaseiaiseiee one Weight of hind quarters 124 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. MARKET REPORTS. BEEF CATTLE. College of Agriculture of the University of Illinois. Prices per hundredweight. Classes. Grades. Mon- | Tues- | Wednes-| Thurs-| Fri- | Satur- day. day. day. day. | day.| day. | Beef cattle.........---- Belin eG SLCCIs |) = seen eeee eee Remarks: CGhoice:steers': 2222-22-22 42 26 Goodsteers=2 2° See nee see Medium steers. ...-.....---- Common rough steers -.---. Butcher stock ......... Prime hetlers? eo eee ee Remarks: Choice ‘heifers 42252 2¢c--2--. Good hetferss 2 < 2235-nacni Medium heifers ............ Prime COWS: asso ees ee | Choice Cows. -----------.-2- 1 GOOG \COWS-+ .2 2855 -se eee e Medium cows/ssc.s655-ee a |} Common rough steers .....- Choice bulls22s2. 2220-2 55-2 bGOGG DUIS isso s ents. acces Medium bulls .....-...-...- Gutters and. canners.-.| Goodieutters 2.2. 5.0 ee ee (eee | oufo's Sa ell eee ae ieee * Remarks: Medium cutters «<=. .:.522-|2-ce5 6c.) fee deen et co see ee rr Common cutters and good |5.2:.-2-)./.22.c|25. 50 es olen see ee eee canners. Medium canners ......5.222|.20202 024). 0.52228|5---2 ese eos eee ee Inferior canners. : 22.2... 2s)edocttres| ee eee cele|ece2 ease ac) ees : Bologna bulls... 2222-2... 5cclecs2s22c ec dede|es cesses oe | oo eee eee Stockers and feeders ..| Fancyselected feeders. ..-.- foccec-ns|seemieced|seet sce. =| sees ee Remarks: Choice feeders. ...... 2.020. |eecc oc ele ee ells ece ct -0ice| ee eee eee rrr Good feeders «.:.....0. 0020. |ceccecc cll ecloec|-+-----=| ose eee ee Common: stock heifers: 22: =-|2as.-ea-\eereeeee | now ewdwcaal neces ee See ee ‘ Veal calves 2553256 <--,- ChoiG@ine sog-sons thee habe ae eee EP PP pre so | ‘ Remarks: GOOd! 3. ceccsess sauces taste oclesmeceee RE PE TSES Pr ; Medi 522s eae eee |e en eee Prey mere ss) = =0=)= 5 COMMON 2 cei cca aeons eeciare lool pemeeeee |ois noe no a=) 2)o'ee a ate alert eee EFFICIENCY OF MILKING. : The Connecticut Agricultural College.“ . A. 1. Regularity of milking: . 5.222: si.5.c282.20222 des ccsceseeetencs see ene cecnin. © ten eee tee 3 2. Rapidity of milking . ..2. 2S . 222573 en ae Eee ree ene cee eee Sone ee 12 3;. Thoroughness of milking: . <5 252422250552 4.0542 se sone cep uot eew es es Soe eee eee 12 r 4, Quietness while:milking . 202225. Jficccecncece0cde vececne deasdevesieccs cent le pee 3 { B. 1. Amount of milk produced by cows:.:---: 7 om = 7 4 é, 2 2 ' ; ‘ \ ; PLATE IX. Buccetin No. 61, B. A. I. Shoulder. -Middle. DIAGRAM OF CARCASS OF Hoa, WITH HEAD, SHOULDERS, AND HAMS PARTLY DETACHED. 7 a ws . pie oe ‘ ¥ BA sabe tes hagas a ay eres . “ee pee ee as ae lea a : ey pp IS I faerie ne ne gt ae ; a et i ‘ = " ar a aig ie Sa rs # eee : . ‘ . i BULLETIN No. 61, B. A. |. PLATE X, 4 by) Fi@. 1,.—CALIFORNIA HAM. FiG. 2.—SHOULDER BUTT. FIG. 3.—SHOULDER, UNTRIMMED. Fie. 4.—HAm, UNTRIMMED. Fi@. 5.—HAM, TRIMMED. BucteTiIN No. 61, B. A. I. PLATE XI. was ERS SSSSSB 7 ORNS FiG. 1.—BACON STRIP. FIG. 2.-FaT Back. Fig. 4.—LarRGE END OF MIDDLE. Fia. 5.—SMALL END OF MIDDLE: 1403==No, 61-04-10 FIG. 3.—SPARERIBS AND LOIN. PLATE XII, BULLETIN No. 61, B. A. I. . DIAGRAM OF SHEEP (MINNESOTA CHART). oh ) ole [es oN NE VG ae oe I ‘ny | Vala ‘tf _ PLATE XIII. BuLtetin No. 61, B. A. |. DIAGRAM OF CARCASS OF MUTTON. Shoulder. abe eT \ | / ‘ fF ADS se: PRINTS Ss r ; +s gle ogg oh naalienasiaaacee eee Rene : PLATE XV. BuLLetin No. 61, B. A. I. 2 Oo NN Fia. 2.—LoOIN CHops. FiG. 3.—RIB CHOPS. Fia. 1.—LOIN AND RACK. v ‘yh i \ re " ' ' * - Butcetin No. 61, B. A. 1. PLATE XVI. 4 Fias.-1 AND 4.—LEG, TRIMMED. FiGs. 2 AND 3.—LEG, UNTRIMMED. O Rit ye sh sui eh Mare, akg s Sy of ae asset ite see eae a Oe ies he he, RES LIBRARY