THE WHITE-TAILED DEER 4G'G ji, ?922 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CHICAGO 1922 Sculptures by Herbert Haseltine of Champion Domestic Animals of Great Britain Presented to Field Museum By Trustee Marshall Field THE Ty 7""- Zoology Leaflet 13 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CHICAGO 1934 The Zoological Leaflets of Field Museum are devoted to brief, non-technical accounts of the history, classification, distribution and life habits of animals, with especial reference to subjects shown in the Museum's exhibits. LIST OF ZOOLOGICAL LEAFLETS ISSUED TO DATE 1. The White-tailed Deer $ .10 2. Chicago Winter Birds 10 3. The American Alligator .10 4. The Periodical Cicada 10 5. The Alligator Gar 10 6. The Wild Turkey 10 7. The Man-Eating Lions of Tsavo 50 8. Mammals of the Chicago Area 20 9. Pike, Pickerel and Muskalonge 50 10. The Truth about Snake Stories 15 11. The Frogs and Toads of the Chicago Area 25 12. The Salamanders of the Chicago Area 25 13. Sculptures of Champion Domestic Animals of Great Britain 25 STEPHEN C. SIMMS, Director FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CHICAGO, U.S.A. F CONTENTS PACE Introduction 3 1. Shire Stallion : Field Marshal V 8 2. Shire Stallion: Harboro' Nulli Secundus ... 10 3. Suffolk Punch Stallion: Sudbourne Premier 12 4. Percheron Stallion: Rhum 14 5. Percheron Mare: Messaline (and Foal) ... 16 6. Composite Type: The Thoroughbred Horse 18 7. Thoroughbred Horse: Polymelus 20 8. The Chaser: Sergeant Murphy 22 9. Polo Pony: Perfection 24 10. Aberdeen-Angus Bull: Black Knight of Auch- terarder 26 Shorthorn Bull: Bridgebank Paymaster ... 28 Hereford Bull: Twyford Fairy Boy 30 Dairy Shorthorn Cow: Lily Charter 2nd ... 32 Lincoln Ram: Conqueror (1921) 34 Lincoln Ram: Challenger (1922) 36 Southdown Ewe: Sandringham Ewe No. 10 of 1921 38 Middle White Boar: Wharf edale Deliverance . 40 Middle White Sow: Wharf edale Royal Lady . 42 Berkshire Boar: Highfield Royal Pygmalion 44 Field Museum of Natural History DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY Chicago, 1934 Leaflet Number 13 SCULPTURES OF CHAMPION DOMESTIC ANIMALS OF GREAT BRITAIN INTRODUCTION The series of sculptures of British prize domestic animals, on permanent exhibition in Hall 12 at Field Museum of Natural History, provides an excellent repre- sentation not only of the particular champions which were used as models, but also of types illustrating well the physical characteristics of various outstanding breeds of live stock. The models, some carved in stones of various hues and textures chosen especially for their suitability to repro- duce the colors and characteristics of the different animals, and some, where appropriate, cast in bronze, are the work )f the noted sculptor, Mr. Herbert Haseltine. The Museum's acquisition of them is due to the generosity of Mr. Marshall Field, Trustee of the institution. Work on the series was begun by the sculptor in the simmer of 1921, at which time the Champion Shire SUllion, Field Marshal V, from the stables of King George V, was modeled. The original models of other aninals were made between 1922 and 1924, in various partt of England, Ireland, and Scotland, and the collec- tion was augmented and perfected in succeeding years. In 1925 the series was exhibited in Paris and in London. Great Britain as a nation has long encouraged the breeding of fine horses and stock of all kinds, and in 4 Field Museum of Natural History consequence her champions are indeed worthy of having their glory perpetuated in stone by an artist whose special gifts in this field have won him wide acclaim. In similar fashion it was the custom of the ancient Greeks to erect monuments not only to their gods and their human heroes, but to noble steeds which won chariot races. The animals represented in the sculptures exhibited in Field Museum, and pictured in this leaflet, are actual winners whose mettle has been proved in stock shows and on race courses. To model them the sculptor made studies of them in their various moods and postures, visiting their stables, their stalls, and their pens. The sculptures are one-quarter life size. The bulls represented include the breeds known as the Aberdeen- Angus, the Shorthorn, and the Hereford. The Aberdeen-Angus is a Scottish breed, black-coated, and without horns. It is typified by a strong bony frame of moderate dimensions carrying a heavy mass of flesh. The champion represented in this series is a bull known as Black Knight of Auchterarder. The Shorthorns, another Scottish breed, are repre- sented by a magnificent specimen, Bridgebank Pay- master, prize winner both in England and Scotland for three successive years, whose victory is still remem- bered by officials of the show ring. The sculpture of this animal has been executed appropriately in red marble. Chosen as characteristic of the Herefords was a bull named Twyford Fairy Boy. This is an animal with a dark red coat in contrast to which are a white head, legs, and tail. Its hair is almost as curly as that of a sheep. Two Lincoln rams and a Southdown were selected to represent the sheep. The Lincoln breed is celebrated for the luxuriance and high quality of its wool. The South- down is highly esteemed for its delicious meat — so highly, in fact, that the breeders say that the meat of the Lincoln variety is fit only to furnish candles to light the banquet at which Southdown mutton is served British Champion Animals 5 The collection includes models of three extraordinary swine two of the Middle White breed and a Berkshire. The Middle Whites are carved in pink marble. They are descendants of a Chinese breed which was imported into Yorkshire in the eighteenth century, and they are still characterized by the squat turned-up nose and stiff ears of their remote ancestors. The Berkshires are one of the best known and commonest varieties of pigs, and are raised in great numbers in the United States as well as Great Britain. The deviations from nature achieved by the breeders, represented in these bovine and porcine models by such refinements as the pig's vast shiny bolster and the sheep's huge woollen blanket, have been modeled by the artist so as to reproduce faithfully their actual shapes, with a classic treatment of their outlines in the manner of the ancient sculptors of Egypt, China, and Greece. Among the sculptures of horses are representations of both the finest types of powerful heavily built draft horses and the fleet-footed light-framed sleek performers of the race course and the polo field. The characteristics of the strong patient draft horse are at once recognized in the Shires with their feet flounced with hair, and in the Suffolk Punch, whose qualities recall days when horses bore knights with heavy coat-of-mail, and caparison. Rivals to these are the three French Percherons, imported into England since the war. The individual traits of each member of this group are displayed — the sire arches his neck and turns away as if to neigh, while the dam stretches tenderly towards the foal, which clings closely to her flank. In sharp contrast to the draft horses appears the silhouette of the thoroughbred, Sergeant Murphy, hold- ing its head victoriously. This horse, winner of the Grand National at fourteen years of age, is a splendid specimen of steeplechaser. Another champion of the track is Polymelus, winner of many races on the flat, and, in 1916, 1920, and 1921, at the head of the list of winning 6 Field Museum of Natural History sires. Polymelus' posterity includes horses which have won a total of more than a million dollars (£220,000). This champion of the track and sire of champions was modeled by the artist a few months before its death. Decrepit as the horse was at that time, its fine proportions, depth of shoulder, and length of rein are still discernible in the sculpture. The type of heavy-weight polo pony is represented by Perfection. This horse was bred in Ireland, but its forebears are unknown. Stocky and strong on the legs, Perfection is an admirable specimen of the ponies, which are as keen at the game as the players who ride them. In an appreciation of the artist's work by the late Georges Ben£dite of the Academie Francaise are found the following words which well express what has been accomplished in this series of sculptures: "In the course of his close study of these wonderful examples of British breeding, Haseltine has been brought into contact with all those interested in their welfare, from owners to stud-grooms and herdsmen, and has been able to draw upon the knowledge accumulated by them from day to day to supplement his own powers of observation. His chief merit lies in his having realized that the pursuit of their utilitarian ideal of the best furnishes the artist with the essentials for his own pursuit of the beautiful. 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