The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven Seed Germination and Purity Analysis - 2005 BY SHARON M. DOUGLAS Bulletin 1001 AND MARY K.INMAN July 2005 Official samples of 342 vegetable, 16 lawn, and 5 crop seeds were collected by inspectors from the Bureau of Regulation and Inspection of the Connecticut Department of Agriculture for testing in 2005. As the official seed testing laboratory. The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station performed germination and purity analyses for compliance with the Connecticut Seed Law Regulations and the Federal Seed Act. Table 1 shows the results of germination tests for individual vegetable seed samples from 12 companies. Results are presented by plant type, variety, germination found, germination standard, and compliance with the standard. Germination standards are set by the Federal Seed Act, although this year some companies had higher label claims than the standard. The categories for label compliance are: 1) seeds meet label claims for germination and 2) seeds do not meet label claims for germination within allowable tolerance. Tests were replicated twice. In addition, seedlings must also appear "normal", i.e., they have to be free from decay, have well-developed primary root systems, have well-developed and intact hypocotyls and/or epicotyls, and have healthy cotyledons. Of the 342 vegetable seed samples tested, four did not meet their label claims for germination. Two samples were retested and failed the second test. Two samples were not retested because of insufficient numbers of seeds. Seed samples were also examined for prohibited noxious weed seeds. No vegetable samples contained weed contaminants. The total number of germination claims and the percentage of claims that met or failed label claims are summarized for each vegetable seed company in Table 2. In some cases, specific label claims were higher than federal seed standards. Table 3 summarizes the total number of samples tested and the average germination for each type of vegetable. Table 4 shows the results of purity and germination tests for individual lawn grass seed samples. These are presented by company, brand name and/or seed type or variety mixture. The categories for both purity and germination are as previously described for vegetable seeds. Lawn seed samples that were labeled with several varieties within a species or with several species within a genus were separated by genus. Purity and germination results are therefore reported as the sum for that genus. The label claim is met as long as this sum equals or exceeds the sum of the individual components for a genus listed on the label. One of the 16 lawn seed samples tested met label claims for both purity and germination. Three samples failed label claims for both purity and germination. Twelve samples passed label claims for germination but did not meet claims for purity. Table 5 shows the results of purity and germination tests for crop seed samples. Four of the five samples met label claims for germination and purity. One sample passed label claims for germination but did not meet label claims for purity because of excessive weed seed. In addition to germination and purity tests, samples were also examined for prohibited noxious weeds. No noxious weeds were found in any of the samples. Mary K. Inman and Dr. Sharon M. Douglas performed the analyses. Alton A. Blodgett, Seed Control Official, and Wayne S. Nelson collected the samples. The Seed Law is administered by the Seed Control Official for the Commissioner of the Department of Agriculture. Sharon M. Douglas Seed Germination and Purity Analysis 2005 Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds. Standards are provided by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed Act unless otherwise noted (+) since some samples had claims higher than the standard. * = Does not meet label claim. Plant Variety Seed Company Standard Germ. Found Asparagus Mary Washington Asparagus bean Bean Blue Lake Bush Bean Commodore Bean Golden Butterwax Bean French's Horticultural Bean Brittle Wax Bean Bush Romano #26 Bean Kentucky Wonder Pole Bean Purple Queen Bush Bean Dragon's Tongue Wax Bush Bean Jade Stringless Bean Cherokee Wax Bean Kentucky Wonder Wax Pole Bean Derby Bean Taylor's Dwarf Horticultural Bean Blue Lake Bush Bean Provider Bean, lima Fordhook Bean, lima Baby Bush, Organic Bean, lima Buttergreen Bean, lima Jackson Wonder Beet Lutz Green Leaf Beet Early Wonder Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Tall Top Early Wonder Beet Chiogga Beet Early Wonder Green Top Beet Burpee Golden Beet Detroit Dark Red Beet Early Wonder Tall Top Broccoflower Broccoverde Broccoli Waltham Broccoli Southern Comet Broccoli Waltham 29 Broccoli Flash Hybrid Broccoli Green Goliath Broccoli Calabrese Broccoli Calabrese Green Sprouting Broccoli De Cicco Broccoli raab Early Pugliese Comstock, Ferre and Company W. Atlee Burpee and Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway, Inc. Agway, Inc. W. Atlee Burpee and Company Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. New England Seed Company New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Livingston Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic Charles C. Hart Seed Company W. Atlee Burpee and Company Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. Comstock, Ferre and Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway, Inc. Agway, Inc. Excel Seeds W. Atlee Burpee and Company Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Livingston Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic New England Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway, Inc. Excel Seeds W. Atlee Burpee and Company Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. American Seed Livingston Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic New England Seed Company 70 89 75 99 70 92 70 97 70 97 70 95 70 95 70 95 70 95 70 98 70 96 70 90 70 97 70 84 70 92 70 92 70 95 80+ 99 70 58 70 80 70 81 70 99 65 81 65 97 65 97 65 92 65 91 65 95 65 86 65 90 65 89 65 93 80+ 89 75 97 75 97 75 92 75 96 75 95 75 97 75 96 75 95 80+ 99 75 84 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 1001 Table 1 (continued). Germination of vegetable seeds. Standards are provided by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed Act unless otherwise noted (+) since some samples had claims higher than the standard. * = Does not meet label claim. Plant Variety Seed Company Standard Germ. Found Broccoli raab Spring Brussels sprouts Long Island Improved Brussels sprouts Catskill Brussels sprouts Long Island Improved Cabbage Late Flat Dutch Cabbage King's Ransom Cabbage Earliana Cabbage Ferry's Round Dutch Cabbage Early Golden Acre Cabbage Dynamo Cabbage Couve Cantaloupe Classic Cantaloupe Breakfast Longkeeper Cantaloupe Delicious 51 Cantaloupe Iroquois Cantaloupe Honey Rock Carrot Imperator Carrot Dan vers Half Long Carrot Yellowstone Carrot Royal Chantenay Carrot Danvers 126 Carrot Short 'n Sweet Carrot Chantenay, Organic Carrot Red Cored Chantenay 7317B Carrot Nantes Half Long Carrot Danvers Half Long Carrot Coreless Nantes Carrot Kuroda Carrot Gold Pak Carrot Little Finger Carrot Nantes Carrot Danvers 126 Cauliflower Snow Crown Cauliflower Early White Hybrid Cauliflower Early Snowball Celery Golden Pascal Self Blanching Celery Golden Self Blanching Chicory Cicoria Catalogna Chicory Rossa Italiko Chinese cabbage Bok Choi Chinese cabbage Jade Pagoda Chinese cabbage Orient Express Comstock, Ferre and Company 75 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 70 Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 70 Comstock, Ferre and Company 70 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 75 Agway, Inc. 75 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 75 Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 75 American Seed 75 New England Seed Company 75 Comstock, Ferre and Company 75 Agway, Inc. 75 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 75 Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed 90+ Comstock, Ferre and Company 75 Livingston Seed Company 75 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 55 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 55 Agway, Inc. 55 Agway, Inc. 55 Excel Seeds 55 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 55 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 55 Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 55 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 55 American Seed 55 New England Seed Company 55 Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed 85 Comstock, Ferre and Company 55 Comstock, Ferre and Company 55 Livingston Seed Company 55 High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 80+ Agway, Inc. 75 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 75 New England Seed Company 75 Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed 85+ Comstock, Ferre and Company 55 New England Seed Company 65 Comstock, Ferre and Company 65 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 75 Agway, Inc. 75 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 75 96 92 89 82 96 97 95 92 90 91 100 100 81 74 79 76 73 80 85 86 75 88 72 85 87 59 77 83 93 92 86 78 90 85 90 93 81 Seed Germination and Purity Analysis 2005 Table 1 (continued). Germination of vegetable seeds. Standards are provided by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed Act unless otherwise noted (+) since some samples had claims higher than the standard. * = Does not meet label claim. Plant Variety Seed Company Standard Germ. Found Chinese cabbage Michili Collards Georgia Green Collards Vates Collards Georgia Collards Georgia Collards Top Bunch Collards Georgia Corn Sunglow Corn Sugar and Gold Corn Butter and Sugar Corn Silver Queen Corn Ecstase II Corn Silver Millenium Corn Honey and Cream Corn Early Choice Corn Golden Cross Bantam Corn Breeders Bicolor Hybrid Corn Breeders Choice Hybrid Corn Quickie Corn Butter and Sugar Corn Ashworth Cornsalad Mache Cowpea Pinkeye Purple Hull Cucumber Marketmore 86 Cucumber Bush Pickle Cucumber Wisconsin SMR-58 Cucumber Straight 8 Cucumber National Pickling Cucumber Picklebush Cucumber Straight 8 Cucumber Armenian Yard Long Cucumber Lemon Cucumber Orient Express Burpless Hybrid Cucumber Spacemaster Cucumber Slicemaster Cucumber White Wonder Cucumber Muncher Cucumber National Pickling Dill Bouquet DU1 Dukat Dill Mammoth Dill Bouquet 80 New England Seed Company 75 Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway, Inc. W. Atlee Burpee and Company New England Seed Company Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed Comstock, Ferre and Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway. Inc. Agway, Inc. W. Atlee Burpee and Company W. Atlee Burpee and Company Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway, Inc. Agway, Inc. Excel Seeds W. Atlee Burpee and Company W. Atlee Burpee and Company Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. New England Seed Company New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Livingston Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway, Inc. W. Atlee Burpee and Company Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 92 80 89 80 97 80 95 93 84 80 93 75 98 75 97 75 99 75 98 75 98 75 92 75 99 75 99 75 98 75 98 75 87 75 98 75 99 80+ 81 70 77 75 93 80 99 80 98 80 98 80 93 80 90 80 97 80 98 80 96 80 99 80 100 80 99 80 93 80 93 80 99 80 100 60 84 60 70 60 71 60 72 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 1001 Table 1 (continued). Germination of vegetable seeds. Standards are provided by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed Act unless otherwise noted (+) since some samples had claims higher than the standard. * = Does not meet label claim. Plant Variety Seed Company Standard Germ. Found Dill Mammoth Dill Mammoth Dill Bouquet Eggplant Black Beauty Eggplant High Bush Select Eggplant Bambino Eggplant Rosa Bianca Eggplant Black Beauty Eggplant Black Beauty Eggplant Long Purple Eggplant Black Beauty Endive Broadleaf Endive Green Ruffle Endive Green Curled Endive Batavian Full Heart Endive Fin de Louvier Kale Blue Scotch Kale Vates Dwarf Blue Curled Kale Red Russian Kale Red Russian Kale Dinosaur Lacinato Kohlrabi White Vienna Kohlrabi Early White Vienna Kohlrabi Early White Vienna Kohlrabi Early White Vienna Kohlrabi Winner Hybrid Leek American Flag Leek Carina Leek Broad London Leek American Broad Flag Leek American Flag Lettuce Oakleaf Lettuce Buttercrunch Lettuce Red Salad Bowl Lettuce Parris Island Cos Lettuce Summertime Lettuce Black Seeded Simpson Lettuce Crispy Frills Lettuce Iceberg A Lettuce Great Lakes #118 Lettuce Parris White Cos Lettuce Butterhead Bibb Blend Lettuce Iceberg Lettuce Black Seeded Simpson Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 60 72 Comstock, Ferre and Company 60 76 High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 70+ 65 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 60 61 Agway, Inc. 60 78 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 60 73 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 60 62 American Seed 60 79 New England Seed Company 60 77 Comstock, Ferre and Company 60 50 High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 80 77 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 70 85 Agway, Inc. 70 97 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 70 97 New England Seed Company 70 93 Comstock, Ferre and Company 70 90 Agway, Inc. 75 95 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 75 95 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 75 92 Comstock, Ferre and Company 75 91 High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 80+ 95 Agway, Inc. 75 92 Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 75 91 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 75 79 American Seed 75 95 New England Seed Company 75 95 Charles C.Hart Seed Company 60 96 Agway, Inc. 60 87 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 60 94 New England Seed Company 60 98 Comstock, Ferre and Company 60 97 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 80 97 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 80 94 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 80 94 Agway, Inc. 80 99 Agway, Inc. 80 99 Excel Seeds 80 89 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 80 85 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 80 90 Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 80 92 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 80 99 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 80 99 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 80 87 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 80 97 Seed Germination and Purity Analysis 2005 Table 1 (continued). Germination of vegetable seeds. Standards are provided by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed Act unless otherwise noted (+) since some samples had claims higher than the standard. * = Does not meet label claim. Plant Variety Seed Company Standard Germ. Found Lettuce Iceberg Lettuce Grand Rapids Lettuce Oakleaf Lettuce Great Lakes Lettuce Red Romaine Lettuce Freckles Lettuce Red Sails Lettuce Simpson Elite Lettuce Royal Red Leaf Lettuce Black Seeded Simpson Lettuce Rouge de Hiver Mesclun Sweet Salad Mix Mustard Southern Curled Mustard Florida Broadleaf Mustard India Southern Giant Curled Mustard Green Wave Mustard Florida Broadleaf Mustard Mizuna American Seed American Seed New England Seed Company New England Seed Company Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed Livingston Seed Company Livingston Seed Company Livingston Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic W. Atlee Burpee and Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Excel Seeds Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 85+ 82+ 95+ 97 88 70 94 86 97 83 85 83 85 91 75 92 75 96 75 99 75 89 75 10 80+ 98 New Zealand spinach Okra Clemson Spineless Okra Baby Bubba Hybrid Okra Clemson Spineless Onion White Portugal Onion Sweet Spanish Yellow Onion Long White Bunching Onion White Lisbon Onion Utah Sweet Spanish Jumbo Onion Granex Yellow Hybrid Onion Evergreen Long White Bunching Onion Red Burgermaster Onion Sweet Spanish Yellow Onion Evergreen Bunching Onion Riverside Parsley Italian Plain Leaf Parsley Italian Plain Leaf Parsley Extra Curled Dwarf Parsley Plain Parsley Extra Curled Dwarf Parsley Italian Dark Green Parsley Italian Dark Green Parsley Italian Flat Leaf Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company W. Atlee Burpee and Company New England Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway, Inc. Excel Seeds Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Livingston Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway, Inc. W. Atlee Burpee and Company Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed Comstock, Ferre and Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 40 65 50 97 50 94 50 95 70 87 70 87 70 95 70 86 70 91 70 92 70 95 70 76 70 89 70 95 80+ 90 60 86 60 93 60 83 60 86 60 85 88+ 82 60 84 70+ 82 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 1001 Table 1 (continued). Germination of vegetable seeds. Standards are provided by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed Act unless otherwise noted (+) since some samples had claims higher than the standard. * = Does not meet label claim. Plant Variety Seed Company Standard Germ. Found Parsnip All American Agway, Inc. 60 83 Parsnip All American New England Seed Company 60 80 Pea Oregon Sugar Pod Charles C. Hart Seed Company 80 99 Pea Mammoth Melting Sugar Charles C. Hart Seed Company 80 84 Pea Green Arrow Charles C. Hart Seed Company 80 81 Pea Tall Telephone Charles C. Hart Seed Company 80 88 Pea Wando Agway, Inc. 80 94 Pea Little Marvel Excel Seeds 80 91 Pea Burpeeana Early W. Atlee Burpee and Company 80 97 Pea Alaska Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 80 94 Pea Sugar Star Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 80 97 Pea Dwarf Gray Sugar Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia tine. 80 99 Pea Sugar Snap Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia tine. 80 88 Pea Laxton's Progress New England Seed Company 80 94 Pea Dwarf Gray Sugar New England Seed Company 80 95 Pea Green Arrow Comstock, Ferre and Company 80 96 Pea Mammoth Melting Sugar Comstock, Ferre and Company 80 91 Pea Sugar Snap Livingston Seed Company 80 95 Pea Sugar Snap High Mowing Seeds Certified Org anic 80 77 Pepper Cayenne Large Red Charles C. Hart Seed Company 55 52 Pepper Jalapeno Charles C. Hart Seed Company 55 81 Pepper California Wonder Charles C. Hart Seed Company 55 85 Pepper Cubanelle Charles C. Hart Seed Company 55 66 Pepper Hot Pepper Mix, 5 Varieties Agway, Inc. 55 88 Pepper Staddon's Select Agway, Inc. 55 95 Pepper Chili Jalapeno Excel Seeds 55 80 Pepper California Wonder Excel Seeds 55 60 Pepper Cayenne Long Slim Red W. Atlee Burpee and Company 55 49 Pepper California Wonder, Organic W. Atlee Burpee and Company 55 89 Pepper Chinese Giant W. Atlee Burpee and Company 55 75 Pepper Serrano Chili Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 55 79 Pepper Sweet Banana Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 55 75 Pepper Jalapeno M Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 55 71 Pepper Carnival Mix Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 55 82 Pepper Habanero Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 55 65 Pepper Jalapeno M Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 55 85 Pepper Golden Calwonder New England Seed Company 55 67 Pepper Cayenne Large Red New England Seed Company 55 55 Pepper Red Cherry Hot New England Seed Company 55 54 Pepper Caribbean Red Habanero Carolina Seeds, Division of New Eng ;land Seed 90+ 68* Pepper Chocolate Beauty Carolina Seeds, Division of New Eng ;land Seed 92+ 89 Pepper Ancho Comstock, Ferre and Company 55 65 Pepper Hungarian Hot Wax Comstock, Ferre and Company 55 87 Pepper California Wonder Comstock, Ferre and Company 55 80 Pepper California Wonder Livingston Seed Company 55 75 Pepper Jalapeno Livingston Seed Company 55 92 Pepper Early Jalapeno High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 80+ 36* Pepper King of the North High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 80+ 79 Seed Germination and Purity Analysis 2005 Table 1 (continued). Germination of vegetable seeds. Standards are provided by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed Act unless otherwise noted (+) since some samples had claims higher than the standard. * = Does not meet label claim. Plant Variety Seed Company Standard Germ. Found Pumpkin Connecticut Field Pumpkin Small Sugar Pumpkin Baby Pam Pumpkin Atlantic Giant Radish White Icicle Radish Black Spanish Round Radish Early Scarlet Globe Radish Cherry Belle Radish French Breakfast Radish Cherry Belle Radish Cherry Belle Rocket Rocket Rocket Rutabaga Improved Purple Top Yellow Rutabaga Improved Purple Top Sage Sage Spinach Bloomsdale Spinach Winter Bloomsdale Spinach Bloomsdale Longstanding Spinach Bloomsdale Longstanding Spinach Melody Hybrid Spinach Melody Spinach Bloomsdale Longstanding Spinach Winter Bloomsdale Squash Waltham Butternut Squash Early Crookneck Squash Garden Spineless Squash Puritan Butternut Squash Summer Blend Mix Squash Burpee's Hybrid Zucchini Squash Early Summer Crookneck, Organic Squash Waltham Butternut Squash Elite Hybrid Zucchini Squash Early Prolific Straightneck Squash Spaghetti Squash Ambassador Hybrid Squash Spaghetti Squash Tromba d'Albegna Squash Cream of the Crop Acorn Squash Zucchini Dark Squash Black Beauty Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Carolina Seeds. Division of New England Seed Comstock, Ferre and Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Excel Seeds New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Livingston Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic W. Atlee Burpee and Company New England Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway, Inc. Excel Seeds Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Livingston Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Charles C. Hart Seed Company Agway, Inc. Agway, Inc. W. Atlee Burpee and Company W. Atlee Burpee and Company Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. New England Seed Company New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Livingston Seed Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 75 84 75 90 93+ 92 75 68 75 98 75 91 75 97 75 97 75 93 75 95 80+ 83 80 85 80 96 80 94 80+ 99 75 86 60 91 70+ 78 60 79 60 86 60 83 60 94 60 92 60 92 60 90 80+ 82 75 68 75 93 75 73 75 93 75 92 75 86 75 97 75 69 75 99 75 97 75 91 75 98 75 96 75 84 75 94 75 53* 80+ 84 10 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 1001 Table 1 (continued). Germination of vegetable seeds. Standards are provided by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed Act unless otherwise noted (+) since some samples had claims higher than the standard. * = Does not meet label claim. Plant Variety Seed Company Standard Germ. Found Swiss chard Bright Lights Swiss chard Bright Lights Swiss chard Large Ribbed Dark Green Swiss chard Fordhook Giant Swiss chard Giant Lucullus Swiss chard Giant Lucullus Swiss chard Fordhook Giant Swiss chard Rainbow Tomatillo Toma Verde Tomatillo Toma Verde Tomato Better Boy Tomato Large Red Cherry Tomato RomaVF Tomato Super Beefsteak Tomato Yellow Perfection, Organic Tomato Brandy wine Red, Organic Tomato Marglobe Tomato Rutgers Tomato Red Cherry Large Fruited Tomato Yellow Pear Tomato Early Girl Tomato Big Boy Hybrid Tomato Supersteak Tomato Sweet Million Tomato Viva Italia Tomato Long Keeper Tomato Oxheart Tomato Crimson Cushion Beefsteak Tomato Mountain Princess Turnip Yellow Globe Turnip Seven Top Greens Turnip Purple Top White Globe Turnip Purple Top White Globe Turnip Purple Top White Globe Turnip Golden Globe Watercress Watermelon Jubilee Watermelon Kleckley's Sweet Watermelon Sugar Baby Charles C. Hart Seed Company 65 Agway, Inc. 65 Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 65 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 65 New England Seed Company 65 Comstock, Ferre and Company 65 Livingston Seed Company 65 High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 80+ Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 50 Comstock, Ferre and Company 50 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 75 Charles C. Hart Seed Company 75 Agway, Inc. 75 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 75 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 75 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 75 W. Atlee Burpee and Company 75 Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 75 Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. 75 Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. 75 New England Seed Company 75 New England Seed Company 75 Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed 87+ Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed 92+ Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed 89+ Comstock, Ferre and Company 75 Comstock, Ferre and Company 75 Livingston Seed Company 75 High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 80+ Charles C. Hart Seed Company Excel Seeds Walmart Gardens/Ferry Morse Seed Co. Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. New England Seed Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Comstock, Ferre and Company Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed Comstock, Ferre and Company High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic 80 40 78 78 92 78 67 74 84 76 94 78 79 91 88 91 91 91 81 93 87 94 92 89 79 93 90 89 87 76 94 97 96 99 99 99 99 79 90+ 98 75+ 96 80+ 96 Seed Germination and Purity Analysis 2005 11 Table 2. Summary for each seed company of total number of germination claims and the percentage that met or failed label claims. Seed Company Agway, Inc American Seed Carolina Seeds, Division of New England Seed Charles C. Hart Seed Company Comstock-Ferre and Company Excel Seeds High Mowing Seeds Certified Organic Livingston Seed Company Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Inc. New England Seed Company W. Atlee Burpee and Company Walmart/Ferry-Morse Seed Company Total Number % Meeting % Not Meeting of Claims Claims Claims 35 100 0 7 100 0 15 93 7 51 98 2 44 100 0 13 100 0 24 96 4 18 95 5 35 100 0 39 100 0 34 100 0 27 100 0 12 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 1001 Table 3. Summary by vegetable type of number of samples tested, average percent germination found, and germination standards. Standards are provided for by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed Act. Samples Average Plant Tested Standard Germination Asparagus 1 70 89 Asparagus bean 1 75 99 Bean 16 70 94 Bean, lima 4 70 80 Beet 11 65 91 Broccoflower 1 75 97 Broccoli 8 75 96 Broccoli raab 2 75 90 Brussels sprouts 3 70 89 Cabbage 7 75 92 Cantaloupe 5 75 99 Carrot 16 55 79 Cauliflower 3 75 90 Celery 2 55 84 Chicory 2 65 85 Chinese cabbage 4 75 89 Collards 6 80 91 Corn 14 75 96 Cornsalad 1 70 77 Cowpea 1 75 93 Cucumber 15 80 97 Dill 7 60 73 Eggplant 8 60 70 Endive 5 70 92 Kale 5 75 94 Kohlrabi 5 75 90 Leek 5 60 94 Lettuce 24 80 91 Mesclun 1 80 91 Mustard 6 75 96 New Zealand spinach 1 40 65 Okra 3 50 95 Onion 11 70 89 Parsley 8 60 85 Parsnip 2 60 81 Pea 17 80 92 Pepper 29 55 73 Pumpkin 4 75 83 Radish 7 75 93 Rocket 3 80 92 Rutabaga 2 75 92 Sage 2 60 84 Spinach 8 60 87 Squash .17 75 86 Swiss chard 8 65 78 Tomatillo 2 50 86 Tomato 19 75 88 Turnip 6 80 98 Watercress 1 40 79 Watermelon 3 70 97 Seed Germination and Purity Analysis 2005 13 Table 4. Germination and purity of lawn seed. Results for purity and germination are for seeds separated by genus and not by species or variety are reported for that genus. Tolerance (Tol) is calculated according to the rules for seed testing published by the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOS A). Variance (Var) is calculated as Purity Found (Pur F) minus Purity Claimed (Pur C). Germination Claimed (Germ C); Germination Found (Germ F). * = Does not meet label claim. Seed Company/Seed Mixture PurC PurF Var Tol Germ CGermF Southern States Co-op. Inc. Agway Landscapers Mix Kentucky Bluegrass 13.42 15.83 2.41 1.86 * 80 84 Perennial Ryegrass 67.09 68.23 1.14 3.34 90 88 Creeping Red Fescue 14.79 10.85 -.394 2.36 * 85 93 Southern States Co-op. Inc. Agway Sun and Shade Mix Kentucky Bluegrass 17.69 18.49 1.60 2.07 80 77 Continental Perennial Ryegrass 34.10 90 94 NP 60 Perennial Ryegrass 24.32 90 94 total ryegrass 58.42 57.79 -1.25 4.19 Chewings Fescue 9.88 85 88 Creeping Red Fescue 9.81 85 88 total fine fescue 19.69 18.63 -2.13 2.76 Pure seed 95.80 94.02 : ¥ Inert matter 3.40 5.88 ; ¥ Lebanon Seaboard Corp. Mackey's Athletic Mixture Bordeaux Kentucky Bluegrass 9.77 12.77 3.00 1.45 * 85 87 Affirmed Perennial Ryegrass 9.86 12.57 2.71 2.77 90 93 Picasso Tall Fescue 39.70 85 81 Titan 2 Tall Fescue 39.54 85 81 total tall fescue 79.24 73.18 -6.06 2.62 * Lebanon Seaboard Corp. Mackey's Premium Finest Mixture Bordeaux Kentucky Bluegrass 24.42 27.01 2.59 2.90 85 77 Affirmed Perennial Ryegrass 29.59 90 96 Exacta Perennial Ryegrass 29.29 90 96 total ryegrass 58.88 57.59 -1.29 4.53 Creeping Red Fescue 14.79 11.52 -3.27 2.36 * 85 83 Pure seed 98.09 96.12 * Inert matter 1.42 3.88 * Blue Seal Feeds Inc. Blue Seal Early Green Lawn Mixture Kentucky Bluegrass 14.91 19.49 4.58 2.07 ■■ 85 87 Perennial Ryegrass 48.64 85 92 Annual Ryegrass 9.88 90 92 total ryegrass 58.52 55.94 -2.58 4.19 Creeping Red Fescue 24.73 22.00 -2.73 2.96 85 95 Blue Seal Feeds Inc. Blue Seal Clai ;sic Lawn Mixture Kentucky Bluegrass 34.76 41.82 7.06 3.94 * 90 89 Accent Perennial Ryegrass 19.55 90 95 All-Star Perennial Ryegrass 19.34 90 95 total ryegrass 38.89 37.91 -0.98 5.38 Creeping Red Fescue 24.37 17.46 -6.91 4.12 * 91 68 * Inert matter 1.23 2.72 * 14 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 1001 Table 4 (continued). Germination and purity of lawn seed. Results for purity and germination are for seeds separated by genus and not by species or variety are reported for that genus. Tolerance (Tol) is calculated according to the rules for seed testing published by the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA). Variance (Var) is calculated as Purity Found (Pur F) minus Purity Claimed (Pur C). Germination Claimed (Germ C); Germination Found (Germ F). * = Does not meet label claim. Seed Company/Seed Mixture PurC PurF Var Tol GermC GermF Jonathan Green Inc. Jonathan Green Fall Magic Grass Seed Mixture Jefferson Kentucky Bluegrass Plymouth Perennial Ryegrass Carmen Chewings Fescue Salem Creeping Red Fescue total fine fescue Sante Fe Tall Fescue Black Magic Tall Fescue total tall fescue Pure seed Inert matter Pennington Seed Inc. Clearwater Kentucky Bluegrass Applaud Perennial Ryegrass Boreal Red Fescue Magic Chewings Fescue total fine fescue The Scott's Company Scott's Classic Landscapers' All Purpose Mix Kenblue Kentucky Bluegrass Gulf Perennial Ryegrass Allaire II Perennial Ryegrass Enchanted Perennial Ryegrass total ryegrass Boreal Creeping Red Fescue Loft's Seed Inc. Loft's All Perennial Landscape Mix Kentucky Bluegrass Perennial Ryegrass Creeping Red Fescue New England Seed Company New England Shade Nexus Perennial Ryegrass Creeping Red Fescue Chewings Fescue total fine fescue Genesis Tall Fescue Lesco, Inc. Lesco Eagle and Blue Mixture Shamrock Kentucky Bluegrass Pacesetter Perennial Ryegrass Allsport Perennial Ryegrass Linedrive Perennial Ryegrass total ryegrass 6.88 16.64 9.76 1.47 * 90 81 32.45 23.74 -8.71 3.72 * 92 86 9.83 90 83 9.80 90 83 19.63 18.67 -0.96 2.76 19.75 90 87 19.75 90 87 39.50 37.19 -2.31 4.32 98.46 96.24 * 1.46 lorthea. 3.76 st Mixtu * re 9.50 12.83 3.33 1.50 * 80 85 49.00 53.46 4.46 3.83 * 90 87 19.00 80 78 19.00 80 78 38.00 32.10 -5.90 3.40 * 7urpose Mix 24.35 28.35 4.00 3.02 * 85 83 23.38 90 95 16.53 90 95 8.80 90 95 48.71 48.20 -051 4.66 24.35 20.95 -3.40 3.54 85 83 12.75 17.38 4.63 1.87 * 80 75 57.60 55.78 -1.82 4.19 85 91 24.65 23.61 -1.04 3.04 90 78 19.55 21.50 1.95 3.45 90 91 29.55 85 80 29.53 85 80 59.08 56.92 -2.16 3.79 19.96 19.88 -0.08 3.35 85 84 27.41 31.49 4.08 3.32 * 90 87 24.10 90 90 23.58 90 90 22.69 90 90 70.37 66.91 -3.46 3.68 Seed Germination and Purity Analysis 2005 15 Table 4 (continued). Germination and purity of lawn seed. Results for purity and germination are for seeds separated by genus and not by species or variety are reported for that genus. Tolerance (Tol) is calculated according to the rules for seed testing published by the Association of Official Seed Analysts (AOSA). Variance (Var) is calculated as Purity Found (Pur F) minus Purity Claimed (Pur C). Germination Claimed (Germ C); Germination Found (Germ F). * = Does not meet label claim. Seed Company/Seed Mixture PurC PurF Var Tol GermC GermF Lesco, Inc. Lesco Suburban Sun and Shade Mixture Wellington Kentucky Bluegrass 9.91 12.51 2.60 1.47 * 90 86 Linedrive Perennial Ryegrass 39.04 90 96 Midway Intermediate Perennial Ryegrass 29.58 90 96 total ryegrass 68.62 69.64 1.02 3.34 * Creeping Red Fescue 19.78 16.83 -2.95 2.76 * 90 68 * The Charles C. Hart Seed Co. Holdridge Custom Lawn Seed Mixture Kentucky Bluegrass 13.35 14.70 1.35 1.87 80 79 Blazer 4 Perennial Ryegrass 34.58 90 87 Fiesta 3 Perennial Ryegrass 14.74 90 87 total ryegrass 49.32 50.91 1.59 4.17 Creeping Red Fescue 34.14 29.31 -4.83 3.29 * 85 91 Pure seed 96.81 94.92 * Inert matter 2.93 5.08 * The Charles C. Hart Seed Co. Holdridge Quick Grow Perennial Ryegrass 9.83 90 97 Annual Ryegrass 78.56 90 97 total ryegrass 88.39 88.25 -0.14 2.19 Creeping Red Fescue 9.80 10.04 0.24 2.06 85 76 Crop seed 0.18 1.07 * New England Seed Co. CT Farm Athletic Perennial Ryegrass 14.98 13.21 -1.77 2.51 90 96 Creeping Red Fescue 29.83 32.83 3.00 3.14 85 85 Kentucky 3 1 Tall Fescue 44.83 85 86 Cochise II Tall Fescue 9.77 85 86 total tall fescue 54.60 51.17 -3.43 3.60 Pure seed 99.41 97.21 * Crop seed 0.04 1.29 * Inert matter 0.49 CAES 1.50 * Table 5. Germination and purity of crop seed. Germination Claimed (Germ Claim); Germination Found (Germ Found); * failed label claim. Seed Mixture Seed Company Purity Claim Purity Found Germ Claim Germ Found Huron Brand Seed Rye Agriculver, Inc. 98.00 99.83 85 94 CPS Rye Crop Production Services 99.60 99.30 75 90 Buckwheat Southern States Co-op 99.00 99.97 85 97 Common White Wheat ASP Ag Products 97.00 95.90 85 83 Weed Seed 0.60 2.67* Huron Brand Seed Rye Agriculver Inc. 98.00 99.99 85 90 16 The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES) prohibits discrimination in all of its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, ancestry, national origin, sex, religious creed, age, political beliefs, sexual orientation, criminal conviction record, genetic information, learning disability, present or past history of mental disorder, mental retardation or physical disability including but not limited to blindness, or marital or family status. To file a complaint of discrimination, write Director, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, P.O. Box 1 106, New Haven, CT 06504 or call (203) 974-8440. CAES is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Persons with disabilities who require alternate means of communication of program information should contact the Chief of Services at (203) 974-8442 (voice); (203) 974-8502 (FAX); or Michael.Last@po.state.ct.us (E-mail). University of Connecticut Libraries 39153028590059