ARCH I VES
STATE OF NEW JERSEY.
SECOND SERIES.
Vol II.
This volume was prepared and edited by authority of the State of New Jersey at the request of the New Jerscy Historical Society and under the direction of the follow- ing Committee of the Society :
WILLIAM NELSON. GARRET D. W. VROOM, AUSTIN SCOTT, FRANCIS B. LEE, ERNEST C. RICHARDSON.
DOCUMENTS
RELATING TO THE
REVOLUTIONARY HISTORY
STATE OF NEW JERSEY.
VOLUME II.
EXTRACTS FROM AMERICAN NEWSPAPERS.
VOL. II. 1778. ifi -1"
EDITED BY
FRANCIS B. LEE.
TRENTON, N. J. : THE JOHN L. MURPHY PUBLISHING Co., PRINTERS
1903.
SPY. .2.
v.3L
PREFACE.
The year 1778, which this volume of newspaper extracts embraces, was one of great importance in the military annals of the State of Xew Jersey. The close of the campaign of 1777 found the Anglo-Hessian army in com- plete control of Philadelphia, with New York City also under its domination. Winter saw Washington and his troops starving in Valley Forge, and the rich agricultural counties of Xew Jersey, lying upon the Delaware, the Hudson and the waters tributary to Xew York bay, ex- posed to marauding, food-searching expeditions sent out by British commanders.
All that had been gained at Trenton seemed to be lost. Early summer, however, brought a change.
General Clinton evacuated Philadelphia, and dragging his army, encumbered by camp followers, across the plan- tation lands and wooded tracts of central Xew Jersey, met General Washington upon the field of Monmouth. Soon thereafter the second anniversary of the birth of the inde- pendence of the United States, celebrated by the American army at Xew Brunswick, gave Xew Jersey to the patriotic cause and turned the tide of war to the southward. Thence, until the end of the year, the military events in the State were of such purely local interest as to be of no national importance.
It is with the details of these great movements that this volume deals. One finds, in the official reports pub- lished in the Whig and Tory newspapers, various tales of the naval fight at Red Bank, not printed until 1778, and the expeditions into Salem and Burlington counties. Then, too, is told the "Story of the Kegs," immortalized by Francis Hopkinson, one of the triumvirate of Whig
VI PREFAC'K.
satirical poets of New ,'Iersey, and of the midnight raids in the vicinity of Pauhis Hook, now Jersey ( 'ity, near Klizabethtown and on the "north shore" of Monmonth county.
The evacuation of Philadelphia and the hattle of M«»n- mouth are detailed by Washington and Clinton, and over against all stands Charles Lee, and his hitherto forgotten letter to the Xeir Jersey Gazette, in which, like many another military leader caught in a sorry fix, he pleads a "suspension of judgment."
But there is much that does not relate to matters purely military. For the first time in the history of Xew Jersey journalism, a woman, "Belinda," contributes to Isaac Collins' newspaper. There is something familiar in the signatures and arguments of "Equal Taxer" and "A True Patriot," while other discontented citizens "advise" the legislature and "wa,ni" those in authority. "Adolphus," in verse, tells of "The Future Glory of America" and initialed contributors pour out political and economic essays.
Among all the contributors to the New Jersey Gazette, from which so many extracts are taken, "Hortentins"- Governor William Livingston stands pre-eminent. In satirical poetry, in essay writing, and in legislative mes- sages, he found constant place in the columns of the Gazette, outranking, even, John Witherspoon, who was the friend and associate of the editor.
There is much that throws light upon the social con- ditions of the time. Xot even war, with uncertainties of government and depreciated currency, prevented the sales of real and of personal property. Landowners and store- keepers advertised everything from mansions to patent medicines, while admiralty sales of captured vessels and their cargoes scattered luxuries throughout the State. Slaves and soldiers ran away, and farmers suggested methods of cultivation of flax and the making of molasses, sugar and spirits from Indian corn and pumpkins.
PREFACE. Vll
From the inquisitions found and returned in the county courts may be ascertained the names of Tories of iXcw Jersey, whose property had been confiscated and was to be sold. That this Tory element, as late as 1778, was large is clearly shown by the list presented in the index of this volume. Many of these names are not to be found in the usual works of reference and form a striking commentary upon the continued prevalence of the doctrine that in adherence to the King, a family name, a reputa- tion in the community, worldly goods and even life, should be sacrificed to his cause. The interest attached to such names is unquestioned.
Among the extracts are the neglected records of the naval engagements from Sandy Hook to Cape May, the eulogies of men and women whose very names have been forgotten, the loss of lottery tickets, the announcements of horse breeders, an industry once so prominent that a "nag's head, proper" is emblazoned, as a. part of the crest of the great seal of the State ; the strangely untrue accounts of successes met with by British arms, circulated by the New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, and the sincerity of Quaker Isaac Collins, who issued the Gazette., and said that if he couldn't fight he could write for the cause of Independence.
The notes in this volume, unless otherwise stated, are by the Editor.
F. B. L.
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS.
The legislature of New-Jersey have appointed John Witherspoon,1 Abraham Clark,2 Jonathan Elmer,3 Na- thaniel Souder,4 and Elias Boudinot,5 to represent them in Congress. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, January
3, 1778.
To the PRINTER of the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE. SIR,
THOUGH I am an old man that cannot render my country any active services, I am willing to contribute my mite to its prosperity, in the only way in which I can be useful to it. Having lost that vigour and vivacity which is peculiar to youth, and necessary for the more busy scenes of life, I am retired from the bustle of the world, resolved to spend the remainder of my days, not as an idle spectator of the struggle in which w© are en- gaged, but with a resolution of conveying to the public, through the channel of your paper, such hints .and obser- vations on our internal police, as I think may be salutary to the cause of liberty and virtue.
We have, by the blessing of Providence, established a glorious fabric of freedom and independence; but unless that fabric is supported by the same spirit of patriotism by which it was reared, I am afraid that it will not be of long duration. Whenever our public virtue decays,
1 Sixth President of the College of New Jersey. For sketch see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 148.
2 The "Poor Man's Lawyer." For sketch see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series. Vol. I., p. 527.
3 For sketch see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 527.
4 Should be Nathaniel Scudder. For sketch see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 528.
5 For sketch see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 528.
1 (1)
2 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
our government, which owes its origin to and was founded upon public virtue, will languish ; and upon the total ex- tinction of the former, (which heaven avert from ever proving our case) the latter will crumble to pieces, and be totally demolished. It requires great virtue in the people, and great wisdom and activity in their rulers, to prevent the constitution from degenerating in anarchy and confusion. I shall therefore, from time to time publish my sentiments, as well on the errors of the people at large, as on the failings of those who are placed over us, either as legislators or magistrates, and that with the freedom becoming the subject of a free government, but at the same time with the deference and decorum due to superiors. For the present be pleased to insert my thoughts on the duty of representatives, which are honestly meant, and I hope will be graciously received.
Characteristics of a good Assembly-Man. I.
To accept his delegation with a sincere desire, and for the sole pur- pose of rendering his country all the service in his power.
II.
Seriously to consider what laws will be most beneficial ; industrious La collecting materials for framing them ; and prompt to hear all men, especially the the most judicious, on the state of his country ; and the regulations proposed to render it more happy and flourishing.
III.
To make conscience of doing his proper share of business in the House, without leaving it to others to do his part, by which they must necessarily neglect their own; every member being bound in honour to do as much as he can.
IV.
Candidly and impartially to form his own judgment for himself, yet to be always open to conviction; and upon proper arguments for that purpose, ready to change, and frankly to confess the change of, his sentiments.
V.
To detach himself from all local partialities, and county-interests, inconsistent with the common weal ; and ever considering himself as
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 3
a representative of the whole State, to be assiduous in promoting the interest of the whole, which must ultimately produce the good of every part.
VI.
Never to grudge the time he spends in attending the sessions, tho' his private affairs may suffer, since the loss he may thereby sustain will be amply recompensed by the delightful testimony of his con- science, in favour of his disinterested patriotism ; while no pleasure arising from the advancement of his fortune, to the neglect of a superior obligation, can balance the upbraidings of that faithful monitor.
VII.
In every vote he gives, to be solely directed by the public emolu- ment ; and never influenced in his suffrage by motives merely selfish or lucrative.
VIII.
To give no leave of absence to a fellow member on trifling occasions, in hopes of the same indulgence in return ; but to be strenuous in supporting the rules and orders of the House, (which are the life of business) tho' he may thereby disoblige an irregular, or disappoint an home-sick individual.
IX.
Inflexible in his resolution of acting agreeably to the dictates of his conscience, — to be utterly regardless of the applause or censure, that may ensue upon the discharge of his duty.
X.
Never to be instrumental in promoting to any office or trust, his dearest connections or intimates, whom he believes not qualified for the department ; nor ever to oppose the promotion of any that are, from personal pique or resentment.
XI.
As the best calculated laws will be found ineffectual to regulate a people of dissolute morals, he will recommend by his conversation and example, virtue and purity of manners ; and discountenance all irreligion and immorality, as equally fatal to the interests of civil society and personal happiness.
XII.
Serenely to enjoy the praises acquired by his merit, as an additional testimony to the approbation of his own heart, of the rectitude of his conduct ; but from public clamour and obloquy, to retire within himself; and there to feast on his own virtue, without seeking to retaliate the ingratitude of unreasonable men, save only by putting their malevolence to the blush, by fresh and more extensive services to his country.
CATO.
4 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION.
To the PRINTER of the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE. SIR,
AMONG all the apparatus of General Howe'.- anuy, not even excepting some of the sultan'' £ conveniences, I can- not leam that he carries with him a single poet, to cele- brate his exploits. He maintains indeed two historiog- raphers in New- York, who furnish us with weekly accounts of his heroic achievements. But as these royalists and loyalists have neither sufficient integrity for impartial narrative, nor genius for poetical flights, the future conqueror of America seems to derive but little renown from their auk ward eulogiums. Be- sides, those trumpeters of his praises, have by this time been so often detected in fiction, that r hex- would not now be credited, should they by accident happen to blunder upon the truth. I would, therefore, advise Sir William t<f carry with him a prompt bard, able to celebrate all his victories, past, present, and to come; and as I have a nephew, Mr. Printer, of a natural genius for poetry, and at present out of employ, I could wish to introduce him into his Excellency's family for this laudable purpose. It is true he is at present a whig, but I doubt not that which has made every body else a tori/, who really is so, the expectation of personal profit, may also accomplish the conversion of my kinsman.
As a specimen of his skill in poetical composition, I present you with the following stanza, which the young gentleman delivered this morning a,t the tea-table, ex tempore.
Yours,
HORTENTIUS.1
On General Howe's late expedition to attack the army of the United States.
Threat'ning to drive us from the hill,
Sir Wittiam march'd t' attack our men : But finding that we all stood still,
Sir William, he — — march'd back again.
1 Governor William Livingston.
177*1 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 5
On Tuesday last the schooner Little Hope, with part of her cargo, consisting of rum, sugar, coffee, tea, and a number of blankets, drifted from Philadelphia with the ice above Point-no-point: The day following Major Edwards, with eight more,1 boarded her, after having with much difficulty worked their way through the ice. Previous to their boarding her, the Captain of the schooner, with five sailors, paraded as though they in- tended to dispute the matter; but, their hearts failing them, they saved further trouble by a ready surrender.
The same day (several vessels drifting in the ice be- tween Philadelphia and Gloucester Point) Capt. Robert Quigley,2 with twenty-four of the militia, boarded and took the transport brigantine John, and the armed schooner Industry, with thirteen English seamen, among whom are two Captains. The brigantine had several hogsheads of rum, &c. on board ; and the schooner some tobacco. After taking out the valuable articles, and stripping them of their rigging, sails, &c. they were burnt.
Another party of our militia, on the same day, made prize of the transport Lord Howe, which was also stripped and destroyed ; and the day following a sloop, on her way from Chester to Philadelphia, was taken with about twenty barrels of flour on board. In these little expe- ditions, thirty-four British seamen and soldiers were taken; and on Friday last, they passed through this city on their way to a place of security.
On Wednesday night last four deserters, who were under sentence of death, and confined in the gaol in this city,'5 found means to escape, but two of them were presently re-taken. The others got quite off.
1 Men (Vi.
- Of the First Regiment Hurlington county militia.
8 Burlington.
6 \K\V .IKRSEY IX THE KEVOLUTIOX. [17 7^
January 1, 1778. To all whom it may concern. State of Neiv Jersey, ff.
NOTICE is hereby given, that a court of admiralty will be held at Mountholly, at the house of Zachariah Rossel, on Saturday the tenth of this instant January, at ten o'clock in the forenoon of the same day, then and there to try the truth of the facts alledged in the bill of Captain Powell Carpenter, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the COMET, her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo, burthen about twenty tons, lately commanded by James Taylor: To the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said sloop and her cargo, or any person concerned therein, may appear and shew cause, if any they have, why the same should not be condemned ac- cording to the prayer of the said bill. By order of the judge,
BOWES REED, PRO. REG.
Extraordinary Wages,
and an exemption from serving in the militia: AND still higher wages, without such exemption, will be given to a few choice wood-cutters and labourers, to be employed at the independent salt-works,1 about eighteen miles southward of the forks of Little-Egg-Harbor, and two miles northward of Absequean river.
Apply at the said works to
NATHANIEL PETTIT.
A PERSON well qualified in all respects to do the duties of a principal clerk in a publick office, may meet with im- mediate employ on good terms, on applying speedily at the secretary's oifice in Trenton, to
CHARLES PETTIT.
1 One of several works, at this period, established on or near the New Jersey coast. Salt was frequently obtained by nsing the solar process in evaporating sea water.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 7
A TRACT of near six hundred acres of good land, in three plantations, adjoining eacli other, with houses, barns, stables, and other improvements, lying in the county of Middlesex, and eastern division of New-Jersey, is to be exchanged for a well improved plantation of equal value in the western division of New-Jersey, any where between Woodberry apd Crosswicks. The title of the above-mentioned land is indisputable, free of every kind of incumbrance, and has been purchased some time. For further particulars enquire of Mr. Peter Shiras in Mount- Holly.
N. B. A good chair and saddle horse, also a riding chair with a top and apron complete and almost new, to be sold, enquire as above.
WAS LOST, The first of January, 1778, between Tren- ton and Crosswicks, A RED MOROCCO POCKET-BOOK,, con- taining between eighteen and twenty dollars, ten States lottery tickets, No. 916, 917, 918, 931, 932, 942, 943, 5518, 5498, 5499, and sundry other papers which will be of no use to any but the owner. Whoever hath found the same, and will bring it to the Printer of this paper, shall have the money for their trouble. — New-Jersey Gazette, No. 6, Jan. 7, 1778.
PHILADELPHIA.
From New-Jersey we learn that, in August last, about one hundred and four of the loyal inhabitants of that government, wearied out with the oppression and perse- cution of the rebels, assembled together, and agreed, if possible, to get to New York. But the first night, while the rest were sleeping in a barn at Hunterdon county, one of them deserted and gave information of the whole affair; in consequence of which, the next day, they were way-laid by a party of the rebels, when some of them
8 .\KW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
riving to the swamps, and concealing themselves, escaped; the remainder, above fifty, were taken prisoners, and made to march loaded with irons, and tied together, first to Trenton — then to Burlington — from thence to Prince- ton, and from there to Morristown, where they were lodged in jail, and some time, after tried, and near forty of them sentenced to be hung, two of which were executed the second of last month; some of the others, to save their lives, listed in the rebel army, and some still remain in Morristown jail; Two of those that listed, have de- serted them, and come into town. — The Pennsylvania, Evening Post, January 10, 1778.
New- York, January 12. The Rebel Privateer Brig, called the Active, Capt. Williams, lately taken by his .Majesty's Frigate the Mermaid, is cast away on the Coast of Xew Jersey; the Vessel is lost, and the Crew con- sisting of about 20 'Men, are now Prisoners with the Rebels.
Last Wednesday died of the Small-Pox, in her 48th year, Mrs. Barton, Wife of Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph Barton, of the 5th Battalion of the new Jersey raised Corps; she had been driven with 7 small Children from their Estate in Sussex County where she had endured every Sort of Persecution from the Rebels, who, also stripped her of all her Property, whilst the Lieutenant Colonel was Prisoner at Weathersfield, in Connecticut. She was a valuable Member of Society, and her Death is greatly regretted. The Children are under the Protec- tion of a Person in Town, until their Father can be re- moved from his Durance. — New York Gazette and \Yeekhj Mercury, January 12, 1778.
By order of his excellency sir William Howe, K. B. general and commander in chief &c. &c, &c.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. &
PROCLAMATION.
I do hereby, in concurrence with the magistrates of the police, order and direct that no ferry whatever from the city of Philadelphia, or any other place within the en- virons thereof, to the province of Xew Jersey, be allowed, save those called and known by the names of the Old and ISTew ferries in Water-street, near Arch street ; and that no person or persons whatever presume to cross the river to the Jersies, or land from thence, at any other places than the above mentioned ferries, nor cross from those ferries but by virtue of a pass under the hand of one of the magistrates, of \vhich the ferrymen and all others are hereby directed to take notice, and govern themselves accordingly, on pain of imprisonment.
Given under my hand at Philadelphia this 15th day of January, in the 18th year of his majesty's reign.
Jos. GALLOWAY/ superintendent general.
—The Pennsylvania Evening Post,, January 15, 1778.
Extract of a letter from a- gentleman, dated Camp, at the Valley Forge, January 7, 1788.
About eight days ago a very large schooner drove on shore upon the Pea-patch, in the Delaware, ,with the ice, richly laden; having on board 101 hogsheads of rum and spirits, a large quantity of fine and coarse cloths, India silks, bohea tea, &c, &c. The ice having cut the vessel through, the crew delivered themselves to the militia of Salem county, and the principal part of the cargo has l>eeii saved and stored in a place of security.
* Xo mo-re Almanacks arc to be had at present at the Printing-Office in Burlington — for want of Paper.
1 Joseph Galloway, the eminent Philadelphia lawyer, who, during 1776, vacillated between Whiggery and Toryism, and finally became an avowed Loyalist. He was the leader of Tory local government in Philadelphia dur- ing the period of British occupation.
10 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
January 10, 1778. To all whom it may concern.
State of New Jersey, ff.
NOTICE is hereby given, that a Court of Admiralty will be held in Trenton, at the house of Ranssalear Williams,1 on Saturday the 31st of January instant, at ten o'clock in the forenoon of the same day, then and there to try the truth of the facts alledged in the bills of Robert Collins (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Sally, her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo, burden about fifty tons, lately commanded by Handle Mumford: Also of Thomas Willis (who as Avell, &c.) against the schooner or vessel called the Little Hope, her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo, burden about forty tons, lately commanded by Captain Mease : And of Isaac Cooper (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or shallop called and known by the name of Lewis's Mill Boat, her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo, burden about twenty tons, lately commanded by Daniel Butler. To the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said vessels and their cargoes, or any person concerned therein, may appear and shew cause, if any they have, why the same should not be condemned according to the prayer of the said bills.
By order of tlie Judge,
BOWES REED, PRO. REG.
TO BE SOLD,,
On Thursday the 22d day of January instant, between the hours of twelve and four, by publick vendue, at Salem, in this state, the sloop COMEI% burthen about twenty tons, with her tackle, apparel, and furniture.
ISAAC KAY,, Marshal.
1 For sketch see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 8.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 11
Valley Forge, January 5, 177 S. COMMISSARY'S OFFICE.
THE several Assistant Commissaries of Issues for the Middle Department, as well those in camp as all others at the different posts or magazines, in the States of Xew Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland, are most earnestly requested and enjoined to prepare and transmit to my office, their respective monthly returns of provisions and other stores, received, issued, and on hand, at the end of eiach month from the time of their appointments, until the first of February next, in order that I may make out my general return, agreeable to a resolve of Congress. A neglect of this essential duty will subject the delinquents, if any, to suspension ; to prevent which, this public notice is given by
THOMAS JONES, D. C. G. of Issues,
Middle Department,
WANTED to hire immediately, a PLANTATION of about 2 or 300 acres, with a sufficient quantity of good meadow. Any person having such a place to let, may hear of a tenant, by applying to the printer of this paper.
Letter from Major-General ROBERTSON to His Ex- cellency Governor LIVINGSTON.
New-York, January )+, 1778. SIR,
I AM interrupted in my daily attempts to soften the calamities of prisoners, and reconcile their case with our security, by a general cry of resentment, arising from an information -
That officers in the kings service taken on the 27th of jSTovember, and Mr. John Brown, a deputy commissary,
1-2 NEW .JKRSKY i.\ THI-: REVOLUTION. [1778
;irc to l>e tried in Jersey for high-treason; and that .Mi-. Iliff and another prisoner have been hanged.
Though I am neither authorised to threaten or to sooth, my wish to prevent an increase of horrors, will justify my using the liberty of an old acquaintance, to desire your interposition to put an end to, or to prevent measures which, if pursued on one side, would tend to prevent every act of humanity on the other, and render every person who exercises this -to the king's enemies, odious to his friends.
I need not point out to you all the cruel consequences of such a procedura I am hopeful you'll prevent them, and excuse this trouble from, Sir,
Your obedient humble servant
JAMES ROBERTSON.
N. B. At the moment that the cry of murder reached my ears, I was signing orders, that Fell's request to have the liberty of the city, and Colonel Reynolds * to be set free on his parole, should be complied with. I have not recalled the order, because though the evidence be strong, I can't believe it possible, a measure so cruel and im- politick, could be adopted where you bear sway. To William Livingston, Esq. &c. &c.
Governor LIVINGSTON'S Answer.
January 1, 1778. SIR,
HAVING received a letter under your signature, dated the 4th instant, which I have some reason to suppose you intended for me, I sit down to answer your inquiries con- cerning certain officers in the service of your king taken
1 Thomas Reynolds, Colonel Second Regiment, Burlington militia, re- signed December 18th, 1782. A son of Patrick Reynolds, mill and planta- tion owner and one of the founders of New Mills, now Pemberton.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 13
on Statem-Island, and one Browne AV!IO calls himself a deputy commissary; and also respecting one Iliff and another prisoner, (I suppose you must mean John Mee, he having shared the fate you mention) who have been hanged.
Boskirk,1 Earl 2 and Hanimel,3 who are, I presume, the officers intended, with the said Browne, were sent to me by General Dickinson as prisoners taken on Staten-Island. Finding them all to be subjects of this state, and to have committed treason against it, the council of safety com- mitted them to Trenton gaol. At the same time I ac- quainted Gen. Washington, that if he chose to treat the three first who were British officers as prisoners of war, I doubted not the council of safety would be satisfied. General Washington has since informed me that he in- tends to consider them as such; and they are therfore at his service, whenever the commissary of prisoners shall direct concerning them. Browne I am told committed several robberies in this state before he took sanctuary on Staten-Island, and I should scarcely imagine that he has expiated the guilt of his former crimes by committing the greater one of joining the enemies of his country. However, if General Washington chooses to consider him also as a prisoner of war, I shall not interpose in the matter.
1 Captain Jacob Van Buskirk, of the Third Battalion of New Jersey Volunteers (Loyalists) and a son of Lieutenant-Colonel Abraham Van Buskirk, who, after the war, became Mayor of Shelburne, Nova Scotia. Jacob Van Buskirk was severely wounded in the battle of Eutaw Springs, South Carolina.
2 Lieutenant Edward Earle, of the Fourth Battalion and, in 1781, Cap- tain of the Third Battalion, New Jersey Volunteers (Loyalists).
3 Surgeon John Hammell, until after the battle of Long Island, was Surgeon's Mate of Colonel Van Cortlandt's Battalion of General Heard's Brigade. He then accepted service in the British army, and became Surgeon of the New Jersey Volunteers November 25th, 1776. He was Surgeon of the Third Loyalist Battalion at the close of the war. Van Buskirk, Earle and Hammell, together with John Brown, of whom little or nothing is known, were committed to the jail in Trenton for high treason, the Council of Safety for that purpose sitting in Princeton on Sunday, November 31st, 1777, Governor Livingston presiding.
14 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Iliff was executed after a trial by a jury, for enlisting our subjects, himself being one, as recruits in the British army, and he was apprehended on his way with them to Staten-Island. Had he never been subject to this state, he would have forfeited his life as a spy. Mee was one of his company, and had also procured our subjects to enlist in the service of the enemy.
If these transactions, sir, should induce you to coun- tenance greater severities towards our people, whom the fortune of war has thrown into your power, than they have already suffered, yo*u will pardon me for thinking that you go farther out of your way and find palliatives for inhumanity, than necessity seems to require; and if this be the cry of murder to which you allude as having reached your ears, I sincerely pity your ears for being so frequently assaulted with cries of murder much more audible, because miffch less distant, I mean the cries of your prisoners who are constantly perishing in the gaols of New- York (the coolest and most deliberate kind of murder) from the rigorous manner of your treatment. I am, with all due respect, Your most humble servant,
WILLIAM LIVINGSTON.
James Robertson, Esq. &c. &c. &c.
P. S. You have distinguished me by a title which I have neither authority nor ambition to assume, I know of no man, sir, who bears sway in this state. It is our peculiar felicity, and our superiority over the tyrannical system we have discarded, that we are not swayed by men —In New-Jersey, sir, the laws alone bear sway.
To the PRINTER of the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE. SIE,
WHOEVEB considers the importance of education in a political light, will readily acknowledge it worthy the greatest encouragement from the public. The superior
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 15
advantages derived to the community from men of letters, in the various offices of government, and especially in the character of legislators and magistrates, to what are to be expected from those whoi have neiglected the culti- vation of their minds, are too numerous to be recounted. Impressed with a deep sense of the happy effects of liter- ature upon civil society, the wisest lawgivers have ever been studious to promote and encourage it. For this purpose, they have founded seminaries, endowed colleges, pensioned men of eminent erudition, and explored even foreign nations for the ablest professors in every science.
Of the advantages that have already redounded to this State from the college of New-Jersey, many of the gen- tlemen who have been there graduated, and since preferred to different offices, have afforded us abundant and striking proofs. We cannot, therefore, compare the late flourish- ing figure of that institution, (in which the means of education were perhaps not inferior to those in the most celebrated universities of Europe) with its present de- plorable condition, without lamenting the change; and feeling ourselves deeply affected for the interests of pos- terity. ]SFor can it be expected, that parents will put their children to college, while they are subjected, in the course of their studies, to be called out in the militia; which not* only endangers their morals, but must of necessity obstruct their progress in learning. And indeed to oblige matriculates to perform military duty, is a thing so unexampled, that there is perhaps not an instance of it in history. They are, I believe, universally excused from war ; and for that reason not treated as men bearing arms, when their country is invaded by an enemy.
Considering, therefore, the unspeakable importance of a liberal education to civil society, the impossibility of obtaining it under its present embarrassments, and how highly it becomes the legislative body of a free people to encourage the liberal arts, (which naturally inspire the most exalted love of our country) and by that means
16 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [177s
nurture for the succeeding age, a race of sages and patriots to carry to full perfection, that illustrious fabric of liberty, the foundation of which has been laid by the present. — Considering these things, I say, I flatter myself that our superiors will not, for the comparatively trifling service which the collegians are capable of rendering the public in the capacity of soldiers, continue the present embargo upon the seat of the muses; nor compel the arts and sciences, against- which none ought to wage war, to war against any. And should I be disappointed in my expectations, the disappointment will be greatly alleviated by the pleasing reflection of having discharged my duty, in endeavoring to encourage the advancement of learning ; which, next to religion, deserves the most serious attention of the guardians of the people.
CATO.1 TO THE PUBLIC.
ANY person that has for sale beef, pork, flour, wheat, and potatoes, will find a purchaser in William Crispin, Commissary to the State fleet of Pennsylvania, at Trenton.
Mountliolly, Jan. 8, 1778.
WILLIAM CHEW,
At the house formerly occupied by the Rev. Mr. Brainard,2 near the Friends new meeting-house, in Mountholly, hath now for sale on reasonable terms,
A LARGE assortment of white threads by the pound, quarter, ounce, or skein; sewing silks of all colours; black silk stockings and breeches pieces; men's and women's white cotton and silk stockings ; silk ferrets and
1 A possibility that "Cato" signed to this article may hare been John Witherspoon, then member of Congress from New Jersey and President of the college.
2 Located on Brainerd street and from which place he conducted his missionary efforts.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 17
ribbons; worsted and silk knee garters of all colours; mohair, silk and hair, and scarf twist; silk stay-laces; silk Damascus and Loretto's; black hat-band crape; India nankeens; white corded dimitty ; men's stamped jacket shapes; children's thread and worsted hose; men's and parson's gloves ; a few fine sewing needles ; shagreen tea-spoon cases; gold hat buttons and looping; likewise tea, coffee, sugar, molasses, pepper, cinnamon, alspice, &c. &c.
BOND AND PAIX,
Have for sale, at their STORE in Morristown, SUGAR, coffee, chocolate, pepper, alspice, indigo, snuff, cloves, mace, cinnamon, nutmegs, handkerchiefs, pins, spelling- books, primers, a quantity of bohea tea, steel plate, hand- saws, a few pieces of Dutch linen, &c. &c. — New-Jersey Gazette, No. 7, Jan. 14, 1778.
For the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE.
To Ills MAJESTY Of GREAT-BRITAIN.
DELUDED Prince! how wretchedly art thou mistaken in thy idea of true grandeur ? That Prince is truly great who draws his sword with reluctance, and sheaths it with pleasure — Who draws it against the enemies of liberty, and the oppressors of human kind — Who builds on his empire, what in real value transcends all empire, virtue, patriotism, philanthropy, and the happiness of millions; and thus makes his throne a scaffold to the skies. But what are thy notions of glory, who art waging war un- provoked and beyond example sanguinary ? War against those it was thy duty, thy bounden thy sworn, duty, to protect; and for complaining that thou didst not protect ihom ? War against liberty, and against men for defend- ing liberty ?
2
18 XKW JERSEY IX THE BEVOLUTIOX. [1778
Tutored by preceptors of arbitrary principles, and but too prompt a scholar under such tutorage, thou wast early intoxicated with the love of despotic sway. Prerogative over-rating, undervaluing law, and mistaking the true glory of a British monarch, and of all monarchs — the power of doing good ; you placed it in power boundless and unlimited. To secure to yourself this delusive phantom, you eagerly adopted a plan (a plan of murder and havoc, desolation and tyranny) invented by hell, matured by a Scotch faction, and now executing by hell's prime agents, thy bloody, mercenary ministers of vengeance. A plan for depriving, by fire and sword and plunder and torture, of liberty and property, habitation and life, a people who never gave thee cause of offence, but loved thee for thy grandfather's sake; and would have loved thee for thine own sake, hadst thou not compelled them, by a reversed ambition, to turn their love into hatred, and defend them- selves by open force against the bloody schemes of a raging tyrant, whom neither reason could convince, justice reclaim, nor supplication mollify.
HORTEXTIUS.
BURLINGTON, Jan. 21.
A correspondent desires to insert the following: Ex- tract from a letter dated Philadelphia Jan. 9, 1778.
"This city has lately been entertained with a most as- tonishing instance of the activity, bravery, and military skill of the royal navy of Great-Britain. The affair is somewhat particular, and deserves your notice. Some time last week two boys observed a keg of a singular con- struction, floating in the river opposite to the city, they got into a small boat, and attempting to take up the keg, it burst with a great explosion and blew up the unfortu- nate boys. On Monday last several kegs of a like con- struction made their appearance — An alarm was im-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 19
mediately spread thro' the city — Various reports prevailed; filling the city and the royal troops with un- speakable consternation. Some reported that these kegs were filled with armed rebels; who were to issue forth in the dead of the night, as the Grecians did of old from their wooden horse at the siege of Troy, and take the city by surprize; asserting that they had seen the points of their bayonets thro' the bung-holes of the kegs. Others said they were charged with the most inveterate com- bustibles, to be kindled by secret machinery, and setting the whole Delaware in flames, were to consume all the shipping in the harbour; whilst others asserted that they were constructed by art magic, would of themselves ascend the wharfs in the night time and roll all flaming thro' the streets of the city, destroying every thing in their way. — Be this as it may — Certain it is that the shipping in the harbour, and all the wharfs of the city were fully manned —The battle begun, and it was surprizing to behold the incessant blaze that was kept up against the enemy, the kegs. Both officers and men exhibited the most un- parallelled skill and bravery on the occasion; whilst the citizens stood gazing, as solemn witnesses of their prowess. From the Roebuck and other ships of war, whole broad- sides were poured into the Delaware. In short, not a wandering chip, stick, or drifVlog but felt the vigour of the British arms. The action began about sun-rise, and would have been compleated with great success by noon, had not an old market woman coming down the river with provisions, unfortunately let a small keg of butter fall overboard, which (as it was then ebb) floated down to the scene of action. At sight of this unexpected rein- forcement of the enemy, the battle was renewed with fresh fury — the firing was incessant till the evening closed the affair. The kegs were either totally demolished or obliged to fly, as none of them have shewn their heads since. It is said his Excellency Lord Howe has dispatched a swift sailing packet with an account of this victory, to the court
20 XKW .II-.RSKY I.\ Till'. KKYOLTTIOX. [1"S
of London. -In a word, ^Monday the .">th of January 177s, must ever ho distinguished in history for the memorable
BATTLE OF THE KEGS."1
Trenton, January 12, 1778.
To UlC MAGISTRATES ill TRENTON.
Gentlemen^
I HAVE the honour to acquaint you, that having the com- mand of a corps, which, from the fatigues of a laborious campaign, and the severity of the season, is under the necessity of taking shelter to recruit and re-establish itself in your State, am desirous of guarding against any at- tempts of the enemy which might bring distress u]x>n the good people of this town and its neighbourhood, as you must undoubtedly be sensible that the seat of war is ever exposed to the fury and depredations of the enemy— Nothing on my part shall be neglected to prevent such evils; but all my vigilance may not suffice, without the assistance of the inhabitants, to render my quarters secure: I therefore request of you gentlemen, and the good people of this town, to give me the earliest intelli- gence of any movement of the enemy you may discover towards this quarter, when, upon all such occasions, I shall take the most efficacious measures to exempt the in- habitants of this town from falling victims to the rage of desperate and cruel enemy, and convince the publk-k that the zeal of the troops I command, will prove the justice of those inestimable rights they defend.
I further request you will use your endeavours to procure me every convenience necessary for the sub- sistence of my troops while they occupy this post, in order that I may be enabled to make head against any incursions of the enemy. I expect that your patriotism will inspire you with that diligence and activity requisite to give satisfaction to those men, who from motives of honour, sacrifice themselves to a cause so righteous as that of
1 This incident was commemorated by Francis Hopkinson in his satirical poem, "The Battle of the Kegs."
1TT<S] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 21
liberty. These my requests may, if you judge necessary, be printed and handed to the inhabitants of this neigh- bourhood.
I have the honour to be,
with respect, Gentlemen, your most obedient humble servant,
c. PULASKI, Gen. of Cavalry.1
Cumberland County, West New- Jersey, Jan. 21.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RAX AWAY from the subscriber, on the 20th of August last, an indented MULATTO BOY named Levi, eighteen years of age; he has a down look, slim and straight built: Had on and took with him five shirts, two of them striped flannel; three pair of trowsers, one pair of them striped; three vests, one a light colour, the other a pale red; one pair of light coloured cloth breeches; a cloth coloured great coat. He passes for a free negro, says he has worked about Cohansey Bridge. Any person securing said servant, so that his master may get him again, shall have the above reward paid by
ABIJAII HOLMES.
December 26, 1777. TO BE SOLD,
»
By JOSEPH CARSOX, at Bordentown,
A FEW hogsheads of tobacco, sugar in barrels, loaf sugar ditto, green tea in bottles, West-India rum in hogs- heads, ivory combs, needles, and a few dozen of psalters,
1 Commissioned by Congress September l.~ith. 1777. resigning the com- mand of Cavalry March 28th, 1778. At this time General Pulaski had been in the United States about nine months, having been temporarily attached to the staff of General Washington.
22 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
six half pieces superfine cloth, and eighteen pieces of striped shamoys. — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. I., No. S, Jan. 21, 1778.
A gentleman from Tom's river, in Monmouth County, East Jersey, saw six or seven topsail vessels at sea, seemingly bound to New- York; and ascending a vessel's masts, he discovered ten or twelve more, pursuing the same course. Two American vessels unknown, which the enemy had captured, and sent for that port, have some weeks since been wrecked on the Jersey coast.
The Academy of Newark will be opened by the 25th instant for the reception of Twenty Scholars, under the tuition of the Rev MR ROBEET DAVIDSON, at Forty Shillings each quarter for tuition, and Fifteen Pounds for boarding.
For two days past ^he weather has been so intensely cold, that the Delaware, opposite to this city,1 is frozen over. — The Pennsylvania, Packet, January 21, 1778.
New- York, January 26. Alexander Worth, a Soldier belonging to Col. Barton's 2 Battalion, being cut off from his Company when the Rebels were last over on Stateii Island, was obliged to have Recourse to a Canoe, and paddle over to the Jersey Shore, where he concealed him- self for some Days, but was at Length taken and carried to Morris Town, where he was tried on Suspicion of being a Spy, found guilty by their Laws, and had his Choice either to be burnt in the Hand, or serve in the Continental Army, and fight against his King. He declared he would suffer Death, rather than comply with the last Requisition, but nobly bore the former, which was performed by one Carmichael, Sheriff of the County of Morris, with great Dexerity, by fixing his Hand and Arm down to a Block
1 Report from Philadelphia.
- Lieutenant-Colonel Joseph Barton, of the First and Fifth Battalions, Loyalist. He was captured on Staten Island August 22d, 1777. Very little is known of his personal history.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 23
prepared for that Purpose. He is since returned to the Island.
Died since our last, John Barton, aged 15 years, and Joseph Barton, aged 6 years, both Sons of Col. Barton, now a Prisoner in Connecticut. Since the Colonel's Confinement he has lost his Wife and three Sons.
From the very uncommon Quietness of the Rebels in the different Parts of the Country, there is Reason to conclude they are meditating some Stroke against his Majesty's good Subjects in America, and from the best Accounts we can assure the Public there are very few Men to be seen in Anns in almost any Part of the Province of New-Jersey, in the East or West Side of the North-River, or in the North 'East Part of this Province, towards Connecticut, and we are told that Putnam is gone to Peek's Kill.
By a late Law of the Province of New-Jersey, one half of the Inhabitants are always to be on Duty, to guard Elizabeth-Town, Newark, &c, &c. In case of Refusal, or Neglect of any Person, the Capt. of the Company to which he belongs has Power to hire a Man in his Room, for a certain Sum agreed1 upon for one Month, which Sum is to be levied off the Delinquent's Estate, a.t the Expiration of the Time, and sometimes the Fine amounts to £100. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, Jan- uary 26, 1778.
PROVIDENCE, December 27.
The most Honourable the Continental Congress have recommended to the several Legislatures of the United States, to call in five millions of dollars, by quarterly taxes, within the year 1778, in the following proportion, viz.
* * *
New Jersey 270,000 Dollars
* * *
'21 .\K\V ,) HUSKY IN TIIK KKYOI.TTION. |177S
.On the 19th instant died, in the sixty-sixth year of his age, i-MtAxcis FUKGI.EB, the Hermit, who existed alone twenty-five: years in a thick wood about four miles from this city,1 through all the inclemencies of the seasons without tire1, in a cell made by the side of an old log1 in form of a small oven, not high or long enough to stand upright in or lie extended. His recluse manner of living- excited the curiosity of strangers, by whom he was often visited. His reasons for thus secluding himself from human society we believe he never communicated to any person in these parts, but it is thought he meant by it to do penance for crimes committed in his own country ; for he was a man subject to violent passions. He sub- sisted upon nuts and the charity of people in the neigh- bourhood. From whence he came or who he was no body could find out, but appeared to be by his dialect a Ger- man, yet he spoke* that language imperfectly, either tli rough design or from a defect in his intellects. — The evening before his death a friend carried him a little nourishment, of which he partook, earnestly praying for his dissolution ; and would not suffer himself to be re- moved to a more comfortable dwelling. I^ext morning he was found dead in his cell, with a crucifix and a brass fish by his side; and on the 20th he was decently in- terred in Friends burying-place in Mountholly.
A gentleman of credit lately from Fishkill informs, that the Mercury, a British ship of twenty-eight guns, coming down the Xorth River, struck on the cheva.ux de frise and sunk, in so short a time 'that not half of her crew were saved — she had many sick on board.
Wednesday last several persons, who had been taken up a few days before in Gloucester county, were brought to the gaol in this city,1 where they are confined — charged with trading, contrary to law, with the enemies of the United States now in Philadelphia.
1 Burlington.
177s) NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 25
Morrisiown, January 16, 1778.
In COUNCIL of SAFETY.
WHEREAS it has been represented to us, that some evil minded persons, enemies to the liberties of America, or j inferring- private lucre to the important interests of their country, endeavour to persuade the more ignorant and unwary, that a certain act of the legislature passed the eleventh day of December last, intitled, An act for regulating and limiting the price of sundry articles of /ii-oduce, manufacture and trade, and to prevent fore- dalling. regretting and engrossing,1 will not be carried into execution ; hoping by such wicked arts to discourage a due obedience thereto, and to defeat the salutary pur- poses thereby intended: And whereas the public safety indispensibly requires, and the executive authority of this State is in duty bound to have the said act punctually carried into effect; it is therefore earnestly recommended to, and strictly enjoined upon all Justices of the peace and other officers whom it may concern, on pain of being prosecuted for neglect of duty with the utmost rigour of law, to execute the said act with all possible vigour and diligence ; and if need be, to apply to this Board for their aid and co-operation in the premises, and to transmit the, names of all such delinquents (together with those of the witnesses) who shall presume to speak contempt- uously of the said law, or to act in violation thereof, in order that, they may be brought to speedy and condign punishment, and treated as persons dangerous and dis- affected to the present government,
WIL. LIVINGSTON, President.
1 For Text of the act, see Kctc Jersey Archives, 2d Series. Vol. I., p. 535.
26 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [17 <s
January 26, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
By publick vendue, on Wednesday the 4th of Feb- ruary next, at the vendue-house near the market, in Mountholly,
A LARGE parcel of GOODS, among which are the follow- ing articles : Quality bindings ; linen checks and stripes ; cotton Turky stripe; cloth coloured and brown sag- gathies ; silk sucees, Loretto's and Damascus ; calicos, handkerchiefs, and linens; sewing thread; needles and pins; awl blades and tacks; H and HL door hinges; writing paper; mohair, silk and hair, and scarf twist; coat and jacket buttons; shoe and knee buckles; tanned calf skins; scarlet hair plush; bed cords; household furniture; and many other articles. The vendue to begin at 10 o'clock im the forenoon, where attendance will be given by the subscribers, who will receive all kinds of goods intended for publick sale, at their respective places of abode in said place.
JOSEPH REED, JOHN SHIELDS.
iST. B. Three plantations in Middlesex county to be let, and entered on the first of March next. Enquire as above.
January 26, 1778.
RAN AWAY the first of this month a mulatto negro man named JACK, about five feet five inches high; pretty well set; and exceedingly scar'd in the face, especially about the eyes, having been burnt when young; which of itself may distinguish him. Had on, when he went off, a homemade bearskin coat, white flannel shirt and twill'd linen breeches. Whoever will secure him so that his master Thomas Forman in Arney's Town, Burlington county, may have him again, shall receive FIVE POUNDS reward, and be paid reasonable charges.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 27
January 21, 1778.
STRAYED OR STOLEN
From the Widow TITUS'S Vendue, held in Pittsgrove, Salem County, on the 19th of January,
A LIKELY stone colt, two years old past ; a bright sorrel, with a blaze in his face, one hind foot white, near fifteen hands high, a natural trotter, a full mane hanging to the right side, with a large saddle lock, a switch tail, a full breast, and a shairp ear. Whoever takes up the said horse and thief, shall have FIVE POUNDS reward, or THREE POUNDS for the horse, with reasonable charges by me,
WILLIAM CRUM.
IF Mr. NATHAN JONES will call on the person in Tren- ton to whom he applied a few weeks ago, the business he then spoke of may probably be effected to his satisfaction. This intimation would have been made to him by letter, had it been known where to direct to him. He will not be at a loss for the meaning of it when he recollects a conversation with the same person last winter at Had- donfield.
January 28, 1778.
TO BE SOLD-,
A HOUSE and LOT in Bordentown ; also a house and lot of nine acres of land and meadow near Richard Wain's mills, in Upper Freehold: And also a plantation of 200 acres of land and meadow, with a house, barn, and orchard thereon, near Aliens-Town, in Middlesex county. For further particulars enquire of the subscriber in Bordentown.
SAMUEL ROGERS.
28 NEW JKKSKY l.N THE DEVOLUTION. [17 . x
Bordentown, Jan. 22.
11V ORDEK OF AfA JOB-GENERAL MIFFLHST :
ALL persons having demands on the department of the Quarter-Master-General in New-Jersey previous to the iirst instant, for waggon-hire, forage, &c. are desired to bring their respective accounts, properly certified by the Assistant, or Deputy-Quarters-Master-General of the dis- trict to which they belong, to my office at Mr. Samuel Prince's in this town, without the least delay, as my stay in this state will be very short: Such accounts or cer- tificates only as are signed by one of the above officers, and for debts contracted before the present month, will be paid. And the said A and D Q M G's are requested to inform those in their several districts who have not yet exhibited thefr accounts, of the contents of this advertisement.
NATHANIEL CRANCH, Pay Master to Q. M. G.
Waterford, Gloucester County, Jan. 24, 1778.
THE present precariousness and situation of public as well as private affairs, oblige the subscribers, executors of the last will and testament of Richard Matlack,1 late of Gloucester county, deceased, earnestly to call upon those who are indebted to said estate, to make payment by the 20th of next month, or they .will be under the necessity of I Hitting their bonds, accounts, &c. in the 'hands of an ait- foniry for prosecution. And those who have any de- mands against the same, to exhibit them for settlement.
ABRAHAM MATLACK, )
> Executors.
JOSEPH MATLACK/ )
1 Richard Matlack. son of William, settled In Waterford, upon a planta- tion of 200 acres, in 1721. He is buried in the Matlack yard, upon his
<>\vn plantation.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 29
TO BE SOLD BY
EGBERT KN"OX, At Mr. JOHN TONKIN'S in Spring- field, A few bushels of imported SALT,, and a quantity of POUND PINS.
January 28, 1778.
To BE SOLD, by public vendue, on Thursday the fifth day of February, at Bordentown, sundry new and old sails, and a copper cabbin-stove.
STRAYED OR STOLEN,
From Jacob Benjamin's door, in Trenton, on Tuesday night last,
A dark brown . horse, fourteen hands high, near five years old, has a star in his forehead, with white on his heels, long switch tail, natural pacer, and has a small blaze from the star across below his left eye. Whoever takes up the said horse and returns him to Henry Drake, in Trenton John Bullion, near Basken-Ridge, Somerset county, TavernkeepeiTs, or to William Templeton, owner, in Morristown, shall receive TWELVE DOLLARS, and all reasonable expences paid.
For the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE. Mr. COLLINS,
As the celebrated Mr. Galloway, late attorney litigant., but now attorney militant,, has already had such a Rowland for his Oliver, my observations on his low artifice in the Pennsylvania Evening Post, shall occupy but a small part of your Gazette.
This gentleman having been sufficiently flagellated for publishing an affidavit taken suppressio rcri, with design thence to avail his sinking cause, by the suygestio
30 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
fa Isi; I shall confine myself to his false charge, That the Americans publish falsehoods concerning the probability of a French war. Pray, Mr. Superintendent, do the Americans compose the English papers, which are full of a rupture with France? Do the Americans make speeches for the Members in Parliament, who look upon such an event as avoidless? Did the Americans frame Lord Stormont's memorial to the Ministers of France, which appears conceived in such humiliating terms, and dictated under such apprehensions of war, that one would swear the trembling Ambassador (who lately swaggered to their High Mightiness like a true English porter) already wanted new linings to his breeches? But let me tell this minute politician, that the Ameri- cans do not found their hopes of success against the tyrrany of Great-Britain, on the expectation of being assisted by the French : They do not pretend to be cer- tain of such an event. But were they certain of the con- trary, not a single American (except such turncoats as Mr. Superintendent) would, upon that account, be di- verted from his opposition. We have begun, we have continued, and we can conclude the war without foreign succours. It is beneath the dignity of Congress, to go cap-in-hand for despicable mercenaries, to every petty, paltry, pitiful, penurious German Prince, whose terri- tories are not larger than the county of Bucks, and whose subjects are scarcely worth our killing, after being brought above three thousand miles to kill us. It is upon God and our Right, and not upon Lewis the XVI, that we depend for our deliverance. And considering our success hitherto, we should have no reason to be dis- couraged, tho' we knew that His Most Christian Majesty would never interfere. It was not by French assistance that we forced General Burgoyne and his whole army to surrender; nor was it by French assistance, that we defeated the British troops at Trenton, and spread the terror of our arms to Bordentown, where this gentleman
177S] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 31
then an humble dependant on the Hessians, and sat shivering on his horse with a for Heavens sake whither shall I flee? in a hard shower of rain, to which, hard as it was, he added not a little by the spontaneous efflux of a certain natural jet d'eau, prone to such involuntary ex- tillations upon any extraordinary impression of terror.
But to shew him what consternation the ruinous con- dition of Britain has already excited in the realm itself, and that if France does not speedily assist us, Britain undoubtedly will, by being divided against itself, I send you a number of queries,1 extracted verbatim from one of their own papers, which I hope you will give an early place in your Gazette.
HORTENTIUS.
New Jersey Gazette, No. 9, Jan. 28, 1778.
Xew-York, February 2. We hear that all the Grain in Xew-Jersey is to be threshed out by the first of March, and most of it to be transported to the back Part of Penn- sylvania; that those who refuse to comply with this Order, their Wheat and Rye is to be taken away in the Sheaf, and paid for in Square Dollars only as Straw; that the People in general are much averse to the Measure, and declare their Unwillingness to comply with such a Mandate; that near Morris Town, a Bacon 40 Feet high has been lately erected in form of a Block House (with a 6 Pounder on the Top) filled with Dry Wood and other Combustible Stuff, for the purpose of catching fire soon, in order to the more quick Discharge of the Cannon, on the Report of which, and the Light from the Building, the Country is to take the Alarm, and those who do not turn out, may, by their Laws, be instantly put to Death by their next Neighbour, and escape with Impunity. Buildings of a similar Construction are also erected at Long Hill, and on the Heights at Bound Brook.
1 Series of interrogatories addressed to the First Lords of the Treasury and of the Admiralty and the Minister of the American department.
32 XEW JKKSKV IN TIIE IJKVOI.UTIOX. 17**
From Newark we are informed, that the Inhabitants of that Place, some Time ago having received Notice to remove from thence, many Families were already retire*! with their Effects back to the Mountains, and that Or<lcr> are received there for the immediate constructing of Barracks, for accommodating a very large Body of Troops.
On Thursday afternoon, on his Way to gratify an ardent Desire to see his Family, who were ill of the Small-pox, Mr. JOHN RICHARDS, of Xew-Barbadors TsTeck, was taken near Bergen by two armed Men, and on the Road between that and the three Pigeons, was shot dead by one of them, as he was preventing the other from robbing him of his Watch. He was a Man universally known, and as universally beloved, warmly attached to his Friends, humane and candid to his Enemies, benevo- lent and hospitable J;o all Men, and has now fallen a Sacrifice to his unsuspecting and generous Temper, for when warned of the Danger of his intended Visit, his Answer was, "that his Countrymen, even if they should take him, would never injure him."
Mistaken Man, to trust to the Generosity of those, who have involved their Country to Ruin.
The Names of the Monsters who perpetrated this horrid Tragedy, are Brower and Le Sheair,1 the former Shot him dead.
Sta ten-Island, January 22, 1778. SIB,
THE active and humane part you have taken to pro- cure Watch-Coats for the Jersey Volunteers, demand our warmest Acknowledgments. You will also please to return our Thanks to the Loyal In- habitants of New- York, whose generous and seasonable Donations have contributed so much to the Comfort of
1 Lozier.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 33
the Troops under our Command, and the Good of his Majesty's Service.
We are with great Respect,
Your much obliged, And Very humble Servants, ABRAHAM BUSKIRK, Lieut. Col.
Commandant 4th Bat. K J. V. ISAAC ALLEN,, Lieut. Col.
Commandant 6th Bat. N. J. V. ROBERT DRUMMOND, Major
Commandant -3d Bat. !N". J. V. THOMAS MILLIDGE, Major
Commandant 5th Bat. 1ST. J. V.
To Col. William Bayard.
The following is an authentic List of the new created GREAT MEN in the Province of Xew- Jersey ; taken from one of their own publications.
Delegates to Congress from, New-Jersey
Dr. John Witherspoon, Abraham Clark, Jonathan Elmer, Nathaniel Scudder, and Elias Boudinot.
William Livingston, Esq., Governor.
Members of the Legislative Council.
Eor Hunterdon, John Stevens. Vice President, Mid- dlesex,1 - — ; Essex, Stephen Crane; Monmouth,2 - — ; Bergen, Robert Morris; Morris, Silas Condict; Sussex, Robert Hoops; Burlington, John Imlay; Gloucester, John Cooper; Salem, Edward Keasby; Cumberland, Theophilus Elmer; Cape May,3 - — ; Somerset, James Linn.
1 Jonathan Deare.
2 Joseph Holmes.
3 Jesse Hand.
34 M-;\V JKUSKV l.N THE KEVOLUTION. [1778
Members of the Assembly.
Middlesex, Benjamin Manning, Matthias Baker, and John Vandike ; Monmouth, unknown; 1 Essex, Caleb Camp, Edward Fleming, and Jacob Brookfield; Somerset, William C. Houston, Alexander Kirkpatrick, and Roeloff Sebring; Bergen, Jost Beam, Garret Ley- decker, and John Cutwater; Burlington, Peter Tallman, Samuel Rogers, and Thomas Fennimore; Gloucester, Elijah Clark, other two unknown; 2 Salem, Benjamin Holme, Whitten Cripps, and Thomas Sinnickson. Cum- berland, Ephraim Harris, Ephraim Seely, and John Buck; Cape-May, Hugh Hathome, oilier two unknown;? Hunterdon, John Hart, Speaker, ISTehemiah Dunham, and Benjamin Van Cleve; Morris, Jacob Drake, Ellis Cook, and William Woodhull: Sussex, Casper Shaffar, Thomas Peterson, and John MacMutrie.
Justices of the Supreme Court, &c.
Robert Morris, Chief Justice; Isaac Smith, Second Judge; John Cleves Symmes, Third Judge; William Patterson, Attorney General ; John Stevens, Treasurer ; Charles Pettit, Secretary and Clerk of the Council; Bowes Reed, Esq., Clerk of the Supreme Court ; Elisha Boudinot, Clerk of the Circuits. — New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, February 2, 1778.
TRENTOX, January 27. Extract of a. letter from Monmouth, Jan. 23, 1778.
On the 10th day of December last at six o'clock in the morning, the armed sloop Two Friends, commanded by Captain Alexander Bonnet, was cast away on the Long
1 James Mott, Jr., Peter Schenck, Hendrick Smock.
2 John Wllkins, Jr., Isaac Tomlinson.
» Henry Young Townsend, Jeremiah Eldridge.
1778] JSTEWSPAPEB EXTRACTS. 35
Beech near Barnagat. A number of people from the shore went to their assistance and saved all the men, but one that was drowned. She was from Cape iSTichola Mole bound to Philadelphia, laden with 1600 bushels of salt, 40 hogsheads of molasses, some rum and sugar. She went to pieces in a few hours, and all was lost except about 160 gallons of rum. The hands went to Phila- delphia— and Capt. Bonnet went on board the sloop En- deavour at Toms river, to take his passage home to Hispaniola, but unfortunately on the 25th of last month in the night, she parted her cable and was cast away in the bay and Capt. Bonnet with every soul on board perished." — The Pennsylvania Journal, February 3, 1778.
Phila. Yesterday about twenty West Jersey loyalists crossed the Delaware, from this city, in order to assist some of their friends, who had expressed a desire of taking refuge here, to avoid the horrid tyranny and im- placable persecution of the rebels. At the mouth otf Mantua creek, they fell in with a party of the enemy in ambuscade, whom they soon repulsed, advanced four miles into the country, and took one Wilson prisoner, who was a committee man, and, it is said, very active in dis- tressing the friends of government. They returned this day with the prisoner, and their friends. The loyalists had one man killed, but what the rebels suffered is not known. Wilson is in confinement. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, February 3, 1778.
Wednesday the 28th ult. Mr. EDWARD CATHRAKL, in the 72 d year of his age, after a life well spent, paid the last debt to nature. His facetious temper and Christian de- portment endeared him to his numerous acquaintances; and, during his last indisposition, he exhibited the greatest resignation to the Divine Will, patiently waiting to be removed from this transitory state of existence to- rt habitation, not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.
36 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Friday following his remains were interred in Friends burying-ground, attended by a respectable number of his friends and fellow citizens.
The public are cautioned against counterfeit Thirty Dollar bills, dated Feb. 26, 1777, badly imitated on copperplate. The counterfeit bill is easily discovered from the smoothness of the paper, which is always the consequence of paper passing thro' a> rolling-press on a copper-plate. The word Baltimore is not only larger, but in other respects very unlike the same word in the true bill. The words Spanish milled dollars in tlie coun- terfeit are very ill engraved and not like the Printer s letters. — The mountains, in the device, on the face of the bill, are strongly shaded in the true bills, and are little more than a, drawing in the counterfeit. — The head in the clouds on the b%ck of the bill, representing the wind, is much larger and worse done in the counterfeit than in the true. There are many other differences between the true and the false, easily seen on comparison, but the above particulars will be sufficient for detection.
Burlington, February 3, 1778.
THIS is to inform the Publick that I still practise the business of Farriery, nicking, docking, and curing of horses, trimming and bleeding, &c. I may be seen or heard of at Michael Harvey's Commissary store, in Bur-
lington aforesaid.
JOHN RYAN.
Feburary 4, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
By the subscriber living in Princeton.
CHOCOLATE at fifteen shillings per pound; snuff, at fifteen shillings per pound, by the small, and twelve shil-
177S] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 37
lings, and six-pence per pound, by the quantity, well pack'd in bladders: Likewise a few almanacks.
THOMAS MOODY.
February -4, 1778.
TO BE SOLD.
For no fault but a saucy tongue, for which he is now in Burlington gaol.
A NEGRO MAN about 39 years of age. He is a compleat fanner, honest and sober. For further particulars en- quire of the subscriber in Evesham, Burlington county.
WILLIAM EVENS.
To be sold
By Publick Vendue, at Burlington, on Thursday the 12th instant, (February)
THE schooner LITTLE HOPE,, now lying in Ancocas1 near Wallace's Ferry, burden about 45 tons, with her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo, consisting of a number of blankets, several pieces of baiz of divers colours, tea, pepper, claret, port wine, London porter, corks, &c. &c. Also a vessel known by the name of LEWIS'S MILL BOAT, now lying in Ancocas aforesaid, near the Ferry aforesaid, burden about 30 tons, with her tackle, apparel, and fur- niture. The Vendue to begin at ten o'clock on said day, and attendance given by
ISAAC KAY, MarsJial.
~N. B. The cash to be paid on the delivery of the goods.
1 Rancocas river.
38 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
January 28, 1778.
TO BE SOLD
By way of Publick Vendue on Friday the 6th day of Feb- ruary next, at the late dwelling-house of Daniel Howl I of Trenton, deceased, the following articles, viz.
WORKING horses, mares with foal by the best blooded horses, several colts, two yoke of oxen, several cows, some sheep, one feather bed and furniture, one pleasure sleigh, one waggon and cart, ploughs and harrows, with sundry other farming utensils too tedious to mention. The Vendue to begin at ten o'clock, at which time and place attendance will be given, and the conditions made known by
JOHN HOWELL, Executor.
MARY HOWELL,, ExecUtrix.
Second month 4th, 1778.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or STOLEN out of a stable in Trenton, on the 26th ult. at night, a large bay HORSE 15 or 16 hands high, with a star in his forehead, a longish thick tail, his mane hangs on both sides of his -neck, trots, paces and gallops ; of a lowish carriage, rising 8 years old, not shod when taken. There was a bay mare, with a star in her forehead, taken at the same time.
Whoever takes up and secures said horse, so that the owner may get him again, shall have the above reward, and reasonable charges paid by the subscriber at Mountholly.
JOSIAH WHITE.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 39
Bordentown, Jan. 31, 1778.
FOUR POUNDS REWARD.
Strayed away sometime last September from .Bordentown two cows, one a black with white in her face, and some letters branded on her horns, intended for the name Knox, five years old. The other a small brown cow, with crumpled horns, three years old. FORTY SHIL- LINGS will be paid for either, or FOUR POUNDS for both, by
OKEY HOAGLAND.
February 2, 1778.
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN last night from the subscriber in Nottingham township, Burlington county, near Trenton, a black MARE,, fourteen hands three inches high, nine years old, with a bald face, three white legs, shod all round, is very lusty for her height, trots and gallops. ' Whoever takes up the said mare, and secures her, so that the owner may have her again, shall have TWENTY DOLLARS for the mare only, and for the thief TEN DOLLARS, with rear sonable charges, paid by
ELIZABETH PEARSON., Or
TALLMAN SMITH at Bordentown.
Burlington County, February 4, 1778. WANTS to engage in partnership with some gentleman that is inclined to carry on the works for making Epsom's salts, at Great or Little Egg Harbour, a young man who will constantly attend and carry on the business. Any gentleman inclinable to engage as above, by con- veying a line to the printer hereof, shall be waited on immediately.
40 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
LIKEWISE a young man that would be glad to serve any gentleman as a clerk to iron works, or clerk and manager at public salt works, being capable of that business. For further particulars, enquire of the printer hereof.
WANTS employ as a schoolmaster, a young man who writes a good hand, and can -teach vulgar and decimal arithmatick in all its branches, and the different branches of the niathematicks ; also book-keeping, &c. after the methods taught in England. Any gentle- man inclined to employ such a person, by sending pro- posals (either inclusive or exclusive of militia fines) to the printer hereof, shall be duly answered.
To the PRINTER of the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE.
SIR,
IT has frequently happened, and may happen again, that the militia of New-Jersey make prize of vessels be- longing to, or in the service of the enemy; and as privatering is rather a novel business to landsmen in general, it may be of use to them if you will make them acquainted with the following extracts from the resolu- tions, orders, and regulations of Congress, by which they may the better know how to conduct themselves in the business, and in what manner to proceed in order to as- certain their property in any prizes they may take.
Extracts from the resolutions, orders and regulations of Congress respecting prizes.
In CONGRESS, November 25, 1775.
Resolved, 4. That it be, and is hereby recommended to the several legislatures in the United Colonies, as soon as possible, to erect courts of justice, or give jurisdiction to the courts now in being, for the pur- pose of determining concerning the captures to be made as aforesaid, and to provide that all trials, in such cases, be had by a jury under such qualifications as to the respective legislatures shall seem expedient.
5. That all prosecution® shall be commenced in the court of that Colony in which the captures shall be made, but if no such court be
1778] XEWSPAPEK EXTRACTS. 41
at that time erected in the said Colony, or if the capture be made on open sea. then the prosecution shall be in the court of such Colony as the captor may find most convenient : provided that nothing contained in this resolution shall be construed so as to enable the captor to remove his prize from any Colony competent to determine concerning the seizure, after he shall have carried the vessel so seized within any harbour of the same.
March 23d, 1776.
Resolved, That all vessels, with their tackle, apparel and furniture, and cargoes belonging to any inhabitant or inhabitants of Great- Britain, and all vessels which may be employed in carrying supplies to the ministerial armies, which happen to be taken near the shores of any of these Colonies by the people of the country or detachments from the army, shall be deemed lawful prize, and the Court of Ad- miralty within the said Colony is required on condemnation thereof, to ADJUDGE that all charges and expences which may attend the capture and trial, be first paid out of the monies arising from the sales of the prize, and the remainder equally divided among all those who shall have been actually engaged and employed in taking the said prize. Provided that where any detachments of the army shall have been, employed as aforesaid, their part of the prize-money shall be distributed among them in proportion to the pay of the officers and soldiers so employed.
RULES for the regulation of the yavy of the United Colonies. One of the articles is as follows.
All papers, charter-parties, bills of lading, passports, and other writ- ings whatsoever, found on board any ship or ships which shall be taken, shall be carefully preserved, and the originals sent to the courts of justice for maritime affairs, appointed or to be appointed by the legislatures in the respective Colonies for judging concerning such prize or prizes ; and if any person or persons shall wilfully or negli- gently destroy or suffer to be destroyed any such paper or papers, he or they so offending shall forfeit their share of such prize or prizes, and shall suffer such other punishments as they shall be judged by a court-martial to deserve.
INSTRUCTIONS to the Commanders of private ships or vessels of icar which shall have commissions or letters of marque and reprisal, authorizing them to make captures of British vessels and cargoes.
Art. 3. You shall bring such ships and vessels as you shall take, with their guns, rigging, tackle, apparel, furniture and ladings, to some convenient port or ports of the United Colonies, that proceedings may thereupon be had in due form before the courts which are or shall be there appointed to hear and determine causes civil and maritime.
4. You or one of your chief officers shall bring or send the master and pilot, and one or more principal person or persons of the company of every ship or vessel by you taken, as soon after the capture as may be, to the judge or judges of such court as aforesaid, to be ex-
42 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLfTION. [17. s
amined upon oath, and make answer to the interrogatories which may be propounded touching the interest or property of the ship or vessel and her lading, and at the same time you shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the judge or judges, all passes, sea-briefs, charter-parties, bills of lading, cockets, letters, and other documents and writings found on board, proving the said papers by the affidavit of yourself or of some other person present at the capture, to be produced as they were received, without fraud, addition, subduction or embezzlement.
5. You shall keep and preserve every ship and vessel and cargo by you taken., until they shall by sentence of a court properly authorized, bo adjudged lawful prizes, not selling, spoiling, wasting, or diminishing the same, or breaking the bulk thereof, nor suffering any such thing to be done.
— New-Jersey Gazette, No. 10, Feb. 4, IT 78.
London, October 4. Copy of a letter from lieutenant- general Sir Henry Clinton, to Gen. Sir William Howe, dated Kingsbridge, Sept, 23, 1777.
"In the last letter which I had the honour of writing to your ex- cellency of the 6th of this month, I mentioned my intention of making an incursion into Jersey ; the object of which was to make a small diversion in favour of both armies, at what, I supposed, a critical time; having learnt by rebel accounts that you had landed on Elk- river.
My principal motive was, if possible, to attempt a stroke against any detached corps of the enemy, if one offered, or, if not, to collect a considerable number of cattle, which would at the same time prove a seasonable refreshment to the troops, and deprive the enemy of resources which I understood they much depended upon, and finally to retire with our body, by the only road practicable with those em- barassments, to re-embark, return to our camp, or proceed to some other expedition if any thing presented itself.
All the arrangements being settled, the landing was made at the four following places, viz., at Elizabeth-town-point by brigadier general Campbell, with the 7th, 26th and 52d regiments, Anspach and Waldeck grenadiers, and 300 provincials.
At Schuyler's-ferry by captain Drummond with two pieces of cannon, 250 recruits of the 71st regiment, and some convalescents.
At Fort Lee by major-general Vaughan, with captain Emmerick's chasseurs, five companies of grenadiers and light infantry, the 57th, G3d, and prince Charles's regiment, and five pieces of very light artillery.
And at Tapan by lieutenant-colonel Campbell with 200 provincials, and 40 marines.
The corps which landed at Elizabeth-town-point to proceed towards Newark, driving cattle, disarming the inhabitants, and if it met with
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 43
the enemy in any force, so as to prevent its proceeding to Aquakinack, its retreat over the Passaic-river was secured by a small corps with cannon on the heights of Sclmyler, who had landed at Schuyler's-ferry, and were aportee to take possession of the high grounds which com- mand the environs of Newark, &c. If the Elizabeth-town corps con- tinned its inarch to Aquakinack, it was there received by the corps which had landed at Fort Lee, and marched by Newbridge, Hackinsack and Slatterdam, where it was in a situation to fulfil that object. A post was left at Hackinsack, and I ordered general Vaughan to leave one battalion and two pieces of cannon at Newbridge, to cover that very important pass. Lieutenant-colonel Campbell, who had landed at Tapan, to remain there, and if pressed to fall back on Newbridge ; this, however, subject to any alterations that general Vaughan should think necessary to make. Finding that brigadier-general Campbell had landed on Friday the 12th about 4 o'clock in the morning, with- out opposition, I then went by Newark-bay to Schuyler's landing on Hackinsack-river. The cannon were that instant landed, and I ordered them to proceed, through the cedar swamp, to the high grounds near Schuyler's house, where captain Sutherland, with 250 men had been for some time. Finding it necessary to amuse the enemy, who being informed of the landing at Elizabeth-town-point, were retiring with their cattle, the troops were ordered to shew themselves, and about noon the enemy were much increased in number, and had got one piece of cannon. They had all the boats on their side of the river. . Firing of musquetry and cannon continued the whole day with little or no loss on either side. Much loose firing was heard beyond Newark, and at night we had a private report that general Campbell had taken possession of that town. I sent immediately to tell him our situation, but soon afterwards, by the noise of cattle driving and march of troops, found he had continued his route, was opposite to us, and on his way to Aquakinack. I judged it best to order him. to halt till morning. At day-break the rebels appeared in some force, and about noon they had three pieces of cannon in battery on their side of the Ravine. I went over to observe them, and had: every reason to suppose, from their clothing and artillery, that they were reinforced by what is called continental troops. To try their countenance, and give no opportunity to the provincials, I ordered Buskirk's 1 battalion to march through a corn field, with an intention of taking in flank a body of the rebels posted behind a stone-wall, and which it would have been difficult to have removed by a front attack. The regiment marched with great spirit, and their march, with some little movement to favour it, obliged the rebels to quit without a shot. I then repassed the river, desiring general Campbell to lose no opportunity of giving them a brush, and, if possible, of taking the cannon.
In the evening the rebels retired, as we supposed, to the neighbour- ing woods, and I waited only to hear of the arrival of a squadron of cavalry, which I had ordered to join general Vaughan from Paulus- hook,2 to settle a plan in which part of general Vaughan's corps might
1 Laeutenant-Colonel Abraham Van Buskirk.
2 Now a part of Jersey City.
44 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
co-operate with general Campbell's in endeavoring to surround them. In the meantime I received a letter from general Vaughan, acquainting me, that, by information from his patrols, the rebels were assembling in great force at the Clove. This intelligence, and their leaving us so suddenly, gave me some suspicion of their intention, and made it necessary for me to assemble our little army as soon as possible, occupy Newbridge in some force, and send lieutenant-colonel Campbell from Newbridge towards Tapan, to observe their motions in that quarter.
Gen. Campbell began his march at day-break and was not followed. I ordered the small corps on the Heights of Schuyler, reinforced with two companies of grenadiers, to fall back and cover the entry of the defile ; and when the cattle we had got on that side had passed the river, they were to pass also, and remain with their cannon on the other side.
I then went to general Vaughan at Slatterdam, and having assembled the little army and the cattle, I ordered him to march to Newbridge, and general Campbell towards Hackinsack.
The whole assembled at Newbridge on the 15th, and then hearing nothing of the Enemy, having collected our cattle, the soldiers without tents or blankets, and the weather threatening, I thought it adviseable to fall back. I accordingly ordered general Campbell to continue his march to English neighbourhood, taking with him the cattle, amount- ing to 400 head, including 20 milch cows for the use of the hospital, (which was all I would suffer to be taken from the inhabitants) 400 sheep, and a few horses.
On the 16th general Campbell marched to Bergen point, where he embarked for Staten-island and general Vaughan to Fort Lee, not fol- lowed by a single man, where he repassed the North-river, and the whole returned to their former stations by two o'clock.
I wish upon this occasion to express the very great assistance I have received from the navy ; indeed I have experienced it in every instance ; but the excellent arrangment of the boats in this affair, and the secrecy with which every thing was conducted, demand my particular acknowledgment.
Your excellency will permit me to give the highest commendation to the regularity of the troops, both British, foreign, and provincials, during this excursion. Their strict attention to discipline did them and their officers great credit.
Total of the killed, wounded, prisoners, and missing of the following corps during an excursion to Jersey from the 12th to the 16th of September.
Total, 8 rank and file killed ; 1 lieutenant, 17 rank and file wounded ; 1 drummer, 9 rank and file, missing ; 5 rank and file taken prisoners.
Lieut Heynier of the 7th regiment, wounded.
(Signed)1 H. Clinton, lieut. gen
1 This letter was printed verbatim in the Pennsylvania Gazette, March 3d, 1778, and in the Pennsylvania Evening Post, March 6th, 1778. In the account given in the Post, 3 instead of 8 is mentioned as the number of rank and file killed.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 4:5
Copy of a letter from brigadier-general Campbell, to Sir Henry Clinton, dated headquarters, Staten-island, August 23, 1777.
Sir,
I had the honour of informing you yesterday morning of a descent made by the rebels en this island, and of my being on my march with the 52d regiment of British and 3d regiment of Waldeck, with two field pieces to each battalion, to reconnoitre, and, if possible, to attack them. I am sorry now to add, that the enemy effected a total surprize of two battalions of the Jersey provincials, which occasioned nearly the whole loss sustained by his Majesty's troops, as will appear by the inclosed return.
Soon after I wrote, I had intelligence that the enemy was moving towards Richmond,1 with intention (as I conjectured) of occupying the adjacent heights, and thereby be enabled to cut off the retreat of three provincial regiments stationed beyond that village, which de- termined me to move forward to prevent the sacrifice of that corps ; but a messenger soon after arrived from lieutenant-colonel Dongan,- with information that an attack had likewise been made on the west part of the island; that lieutenant colonel Lawrence3 and a good many of his corps had been made prisoners ; but that he, and lieutenant- colonel Allan,4 and their battalions, with a few of Lawrence's that had joined them, had taken possession of some works formerly thrown up by the rebels near Prince's-bay, where they should be able to defend themselves until supported, or that boats should arrive to carry them off. This strengthening me in my former resolution, I advanced on the footsteps of the enemy, and proceeded without the least interrup- tion to the village of Richmond, where I was obliged to halt to bring up the rear, and to refresh the troops, who were even at this time very much fatigued from excessive heat. From this place brigadier general Skinner c was directed to send repeated expresses to inform
1 Then, as now, the capital of Richmond county (Staten Island).
2 Edward Vaughan Dongan, youngest son of Walter Dongan, of Staten Island. Severely wounded in this skirmish, he died soon after in his 29th year.
3 Elisha Lawrence, of the loyalist branch of that Monmouth county family. At the age of 2(5. in ] 776, he was active in the organization of the First Battalion of New Jersey Volunteers, receiving the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel for his activity. With his capture Lawrence's connec- tion with military life ceased, and having lost much through the confisca- tion of his property and its sale in 1779, he removed to Nova Scotia. He died in Cardigan, Wales, in 1S11.
4 Isaac Allen, lawyer, of a Trenton family, who accepted protection papei*s, about December, 1776. His property was confiscated, and having completed his military service, resumed his profession, as a refugee, 1783, in St. John, New Brunswick. He was a member of the Supreme bench and of the Council of the province, dying in 1806 in his sixty-fifth year.
5 Cortlandt Skinner, last Attorney-General of the King for the Province of New Jersey. For sketch see A'etc Jersey Archives, 1st Series, Vol. IX., p. 449.
46 NEW .JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
col Dongan of my approach, and desiring him to endeavour a junction. I had proceeded but a short way beyond Richmond, when I was in- formed that the rebels had reached the Old Blazing-Star,1 and were using the greatest diligence in transporting their troops to the Jersey shore. At this very instant an officer arrived from colonel Dongan that he was a little more than at a mile's distance on his way to join me ; whereupon I sent him orders to turn towards the enemy, and to attack whatever body he could come up with, and I was follow- ing with all expedition, and would immediately support him. He obeyed my orders with spirit, bravery, and resolution, and engaged the rear for near half an hour, when the 52d regiment coming up, ex- changing some shots, and moving to take them in flank, and the cannon having by this time begun to play upon their boats, about 150 sur- rendered themselves prisoners to lieutenant-colonel Campbell of the 52d regiment, and the remainder of nearly the same number, retreated towards the extremity of the island opposite Amboy, of which last number I have since learned was brigadier-general de Bore ; and reports render it still doubtful whether he has as yet made his escap'e from off the island ; however, the troops were by this time so much fatigued that I found it altogether impossible to pursue them ; and I fear the greater part, if not the whole, found means to cross over near Amboy.
The troops lay for that night under arms, and this morning I de- tached the greater part of general Skinner's brigade towards Amboy, and proceeded with the regular troops on my return. A party was this day also ordered to bring off the enemy's boats under the cover of a piece of cannon, which was effected without any loss.
I must not forget to mention that colonel Buskirk's battalion was early in the day ordered to attack a party left to cover the enemy's boats, which they did with charge of bayonet, and obliged to retreat to the Jersey shore.
By prisoners reports and from an inclosed order found in general Smallwood's major of brigade's pocket, who was killed, it appears that this attack was carried on by select and chosen troops, and formed
from three brigades Sullivan's, Smallwood's, and de Bores, and
headed by their respective generals, besides Dayton's and Ogden's battalions. We have taken in all 259 prisoners, among whom are 1 lieutenant-colonel, 3 majors, 2 captains, and 15 inferior officers. Their loss in killed cannot be ascertained, but must have been considerable.
I cannot do too much justice to the bravery and spirit of the troops. Both officers and men seemed only anxious to engage, and emulous who should be foremost in the race of glory, and I must add, that the several commanding officers did justice to the ardour of their troops, which they knew to temper with judgment and conduct. For further particulars I refer you to brigade major Campbell, who was present at the whole affair, and charged with the delivery of this. I have, &c (Signed)
John Campbell, Brig. Gen.
1 So called to distinguish this tavern from the New Blazing Star, the latter being situated in the present village of Linoleumville, Staten Island.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 47
J^ew-York, February 9. Brower the Person who last Week murdered Mr. John Richards, of New-Barbadoes Xtvk, has, from the admirable Measures concerted for lhat Purpose, been secured, and was on Thursday After- noon lodged in the Custody of the Provost Guard.
Upon examining into the Means used by the four intrepid and loyal Persons, who voluntarily undertook to apprehend the aforesaid Brower, and brought him to Town, it was found they had endured inexpressible Anxiety and Fatigue; to reward such brave and fortunate Exertions, a Subscription is opened at Mr. Rivington's and Mr. Gaine's for collecting the Contributions of those who have a generous Sensibility of their spirited Enter- prize. — New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, Feb- ruary 9, 1778.
We hear, that Colonel William Allen's regiment of Pennsylvania royalists, is entirely broken up, and what few men were deluded into so infamous a service as that of taking arms against their native country, have been incorporated into other regiments.
On the 29th ult. Major Goetschius, who commands a party of rangers in Bergen county, had despatched John Leshier * and Abraham Brower, two of his men, to recon- noitre the enemy's picket at Paulus-Hook. As they lay in ambush at 'Prior's mill, within sight of the enemy's centry, they were passed by John Richard with a Negro man belonging to himself, and another to Cornelius Van Vorst, upon a Waggon. John Richard had a pass from Col. Turnbull to go to Bergen. Maj. Goetschius's men thought it their Duty to carry Mr. Richard and the two negroes to their commanding officer for examination. Upon the road, about six miles from the place where they were taken, Mr. Richard and his negro took hold of Leshier's musket, (they being in the waggon, and Brower
1 Lozier.
48 ,\K\V .(HUSKY J.\ THE REVOLUTION. [1778
at a little distance on horseback) with design, a* Leshier thought, to kill him. Upon this he called to Brower to come to his assistance. As Brower came up, the negro took hold of Leshier, and Richard turned to seize Brower —but Brower, to prevent him, shot him dead on the spot, and the negroes were carried to Maj. Goetschius's.
3, 1~1>. To all whom it may concern :
State of New-Jersey, ss.
NOTICE is hereby given that a court of admiralty will be held in Trenton at the house of Rensalier Williams, on Wednesday the 18th of February instant, at eleven o'clock in the forenoon, then and there (a new trial being ordered) to try the truth of the facts alledged in the bill of Colonel Samuel Dick, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop^or vessel called the PATTY, her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo, burden about fifty tons, lately commanded by Tunis Mountaine: To the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said sloop and her cargo, or any person concerned therein, may appear and shew cause if any they have, why the same should not be condemned according to the prayer of the said bill. By order of the judge,
BOWES REED, PRO. REG.
I
TO BE SOLD,
By way of public vendue, on the premises, Tuesday the the 24th of March next,
A Certain GRIST MILL and LOT of LATSTD adjoining, situate at HornerVTown, in the township of Upper Free- hold, and county of Monmouth late the property of James NValan, and sold by virtue of a writ of attachment, issued out of Ihe Inferior Court of Common Pleas for the said
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 49
county of Monmouth, against the goods, chattels, rights and credits of the said James IvTealan, at the suit of Thomas Emley. The vendue to begin at 11 o'clock, when attendance will be given by
ABRAHAM HENDRICKS, )
Auditors.
PETER IMLAY,
January 26, 1778. . TO BE SOLD
BY WILLIAM RICHARDS at LAMBERTON, half a mile below
Trenton,
An ASSORTMENT of MEDICINES, and SPRING LANCETS,
SWEET-OIL of the best kind, MUSTARD and HAIR-POWDER. EUNICE and FOSTER HORTON,
Have for sale at their STORE in CHATHAM, Indigo, snuff, tobacco, hair-combs, taylor's shears, paper, an as- sortment of women and men's gloves, tapes, gimps, laces, striped lutestrings, ribbands, an assortment of buttons, black velvet, silk twist, ditto caps, irish linen, homespun ditto, sewing thread, black catgut, women's stays, pocket handkerchiefs, hatters trimmings, saddlers do. fans, sealing wax, bonnet papers, needles, and a general as- sortment of DRY GOODS.
N. B. The above goods are just come to hand and opening.
February 5, 1778. TO BE SOLD,
By PUBLICK VENDUE, on Thursday, the 19th of this instant February, at the plantation of the subscriber, living on Old Man's Creek, Gloucester county, Woolwich township,
4
50 NEW JERSEY IX THE J{KV« U.l'TIOX. [1778
HOKSES, breeding mares, a number of colts from half blood to full, milch cows, fifteen steers, four and five years old, a large English bull, a number of young cattle of the English breed, and sundry articles too tedious to mention. The Vendue to begin at ten o'clock, where attendance will be given, and condition of the sale made known by me
JAMES TAL.MAX.
llth month, 28, 1777.
Was sent to Henry Burr's Farm near Burlington, by an officer in the army, a small dark grey mare, about six years old, nearly blind. The owner is requested to come, prove his property, pay charges and take her away.
For the XEW-JEKSEY GAZETTE.
ANNOTATIONS upon his most gracious Majesty of most gracious Great-Britain s most gracious speech.
IT is a great satisfaction to me that I can have recourse to the wisdom and support of my parliament in this con- juncture—
No doubt it is a satisfaction to your Majesty, to be able to apply for each, to those who must support you in measures in which themselves are accomplices; and who are too dependent upon you to refuse any of your requisitions. The more money they give you, Sir, the more offices you give them ; and this old trick of one good turn's deserving another, has more than half ruined the nation already.
When the rebellion in N 'orth- America demands our most senous attention.
How wonderful, that his Majesty begins to think the reduction of America a serious matter ! Had he and his parliament considered at all, they would have thought it a
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 51
serious matter when they first began it. But they wanted, it seems, at least three years, to discover that the enslaving of three millions of people was a serious undertaking. Notable geniusses to govern three kingdoms and the western world into the bargain, who require three years of blood and slaughter, desolation and havoc, to make them serious.
The powers which you have intrusted me with, I have faithfully exerted —
What powers his Majesty was intrusted with I know not. But the powers he has exerted, have been the powers of breaking his oath, and violating all laws, divine and human; and if he undertook to suppress the revolt, he has not executed his trust, for that he has not done.
But I am persuaded that you will see the necessity of preparing for such farther operations as the contingencies of the war, and the obstinacy of the rebels, may render expedient —
What, Sir, a necessity for farther preparations, when General Gage was to have done the business with four regiments? Why don't you order the invincible Grant to strike a terror thro' the whole Continent with a file of musqueteers?
And if I should have occasion to encrcase them, by con- tracting new engagements —
Worse and worse! What, increase your troops to beat an undisciplined militia, after having imported thirty-five thousand already ! And increase them you certainly must, or quit your purpose with infamy. But whence to procure the augmentation ? aye, that's the ques- tion— the Prince of Hesse will tell you, bye der donder, ich hebber nix meer.
I liave received repeated assurances from foreign powers of their pacific dispositions.
And does your Majesty believe those assurances1? Out of your own mouth I will prove that you do not — For,
52 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [ 1 7 , v
But at the (line irlien the armaments in the i>orlx of France and Spain continue — to confirm, I suppose, The assurances of their pacific disposition. "What, all the powers of Europe pacific, and France and Spain con- tinuing their hostile preparations! For shame, sir, bastile your speech-maker, for not putting his contra- dictions at a greater distance than that of two sentence-.
/ will always be a faithful guardian of the honour of the crown of Great-Britain*.
A very proper keeper of what has been lost ever since the 25th of October, 1760, the very day that your Majesty ascended the throne!
The various services I have mentioned to you trill un- avoidably require large supplies.
As true a word as ever was spoken ; and larger supplies than your parliament can fumish. Have you heard, Sir, that your troops Imfe already been obliged to take Penn- sylvania currency; and that when they cannot rob, you cannot pay ?
/ will steadily pursue the measures in which we are engaged for the re-establishment of that subordina- tion, &c.
How long your Majesty intends to pursue, is best known to yourself — But I am confident you must run much faster than you have ever yet done, or you will not overtake it. By your constitutional subordination we understand a most tyrannical domination, which we have long since bequeathed to your loyal subjects of Great- Britain, whom you had previously prepared to relish that kind of a legacy.
But I shall ever be watchful for an opportunity of put- ting a stop to the effusion of the blood of my subjects, and the calamities ivhich are inseparable from a state of war.
Ring the bells ! Ring the bells backward ! To church, all hands to church; for Nero is. to give us a sermon against murder, and Jonathan Wilde an exhortation to abstain from robbery !
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 53
And I still hope that the deluded and unhappy multi- tude will return to their allegiance —
And when the sky falls we shall catch larks. — And so the late insignificant faction is now multiplied to a multitude. Indeed, did you but know, Sir, what a multi- tude it is, you would as soon think of levelling Mount AEtna, as of conquering America. But they are not de- luded, Sir. They knew that you had projected their slavery ; and they will not be enslaved. If there be any delusion in the case, it is the British nation that is de- luded, and it is deluded by you, and yourself are deluded by a set of villains, who expected to have divided our estates upon the success of your arms. Allegiance we owe you none. Then, Sir, did we show our allegiance when we lay prostrate at your throne, supplicating for the continuation of those liberties, which God and nature and the law had given us ; and when you spurned us from it.
That the remembrance of what they once enjoyed, the regret of what they have lost, and the feelings of wha-t they now suffer under the tyranny of their leaders, will rekindle in their hearts a spirit of loyalty to their xurcreign, and of their attachment to tKeir mother country.
If you will be pleased, Sir, to allow yourself a moment's reflection, you will find they will have lost nothing that was worth keeping. They have lost nothing but the pleasure of being oppressed under colour of law; and of enriching myriads of harpies of your appointment, and appointed for the express purpose of fleecing them, and of lavishing the fruits of their toil and labour in British luxury and riot. — Is this a loss to be regretted? If it is, I know who will regret it. Their feelings indeed are very great, and for them you must answer at that awful bar, where your royalty will but aggravate your condemnation. As to the tyranny of their leaders, it is
54 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
indeed so gross and thread-bare an absurdity, that I would advise your Majesty to drop it for the future for the sake of its vulgarity. In this contest, the people in reality had no leaders. They fled, spontaneously and self -led, to extinguish the common fire; and for con- ducting with greater regularity, the measures which you compel them to adopt, they afterwards appointed the proper officers. Those officers, (which to serve your pur- pose, you call leaders) cannot tyrannize over them, be- cause they are constituted by the people, and by them removeable. Xor will any consideration rekindle in their hearts- a spirit of loyalty to their former sovereign. That flame, Sir, and an ardent one it was, and more ardent than that of your subjects in Britain, you have ex- tinguished, totally extinguished, with torrents of blood, not leaving a single, spark to light up the antient blaze. And as for their mother country — America, Sir, is our mother country, and Great-Britain, making the most of the figure, could never claim to be more than our grand mother, and that she has been a most unnatural one is written in such characters of blood as none of your flimsy co<axings will ever obliterate.
And that they will enable me with the concurrence and support of my parliament to accomplish, &c.
And so we are to assist the parliament, it seems, in effecting our own bondage. Pray, Sir, do not flatter yourself with so vain an imagination. We have too great a reverence for the instructions of our mother, to follow the insidious advice of our grand-mother, so evi- dently calculated for our destruction.
HORTEXTIUS.
—New-Jersey Gazette, No. 11, Feb. 11, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 55
BURLJXGTOX, Feb. 18.
Wednesday last the GENERAL ASSEMBLY of this State met at Trenton, agreeable to adjournment.
Extract of a, letter from a gentleman of character at Newark, dated February 7, 1778.
"Two persons came out of New- York the 5th instant, who informs us, there was great uneasiness in that city among the tones, on account of an exceeding great mob in London, which with much difficulty after a number of days was quelled. The mob arose partly on account of the hot press in England, and partly because the manu- facturers were out of employment and in want of bread. They were enraged at administration as the cause of the American war, which was the source of all their distresses, and their cry was "~No Scotch counsels, no tyrannick measures." They pulled down the houses of the arch- fiend Bute, and his second Xorth, and insulted a number of the king's friends and their tools. — But these things are only the beginning of sorrow to Britain."
A correspondent informs us that "one William Pace of Sehoolie's Mountain, and Thomas Van Camp of Somerset county, both bound for Staten-Island, the latter with a quantity of flour, and the former with four quarters of beef which had been stall-fed two years, and was intended for a British General, were apprehended and brought before the president and council of safety the 28th of January last, — It not fully appearing to the Board that their respective cargoes were to have been carried into the enemy's lines, which would have been high treason, Van Camp was adjudged to forfeit his flour, and to pay the fine prescribed by law for asking more than the regulated price, and also the fine for asking a
56 NEW JEKSEY IX TIIK K KV( >I.l TION. [1778
higher price in continental currency than in specie; and Pace to forfeit his fat beef and to pay the fine for asking for it more than the regulated price, and both being bound over, they were dismissed —
"Evidence being produced the day after, that one Jacob Fitz Randolph, who lives at the Blazing Star, had met them, at Spanktown,1 and engaged to take their cargoes if they would bring them to his house, and to convey them to Staten-Island as soon as the ice would permit; the said Pace and Fitz Randolph have since been committed to gaol for procuring provisions for the enemy, and as dangerous to the present government; and a warrant is issued to apprehend the said Van Camp."
We are further informed, that Congress, in a resolution dated the third of December last, recommended to the Legislatures of the United States, forthwith to enact laws, "requiring all persons within their respective States who may be possessed of any bills of credit struck under the sanction and authority of the King of Great- Britain on or before the 19th day of April 1775, forth- with to deliver in the same to a commissioner or com- missioners for that purpose to be appointed in each county of the respective States, authorising each com- missioner or commissioners to give in exchange for any sum so paid in continental money or bills of credit of their respective States; and to declare in the laws so enacted, that all bills of credit under the description above-mentioned, which shall not be so delivered in within such reasonable time as the respective States shall for such purpose limit, shall thenceforth l>ecome utterly irredeemable."
WHEREAS sundry persons, upon various pretences, have made a practice of going from this city and county into the city of Philadelphia, whereby much injury has and still may accrue to the State of Kew-Jersey contrary to
1 Now Rahway.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 57
the tenor of an act of assembly of said state strictly pro hi biting any intercourse with thg city whilst in the possession of the enemy : This is therefore to give notice that the magistrates of said county are determined to put in execution the aforesaid law with the utmost rigour; and if any person or persons, be their pretences what they may, shall be detected in an attempt to go into the city of Philadelphia, or shall go into and return again from said city, they may depend upon incurring the penalties in said law specified, unless such person or persons can produce a pass or license from His Excellency General AVashington, or some other person authorised by law for so doing.
By order of the court,
City of Burlington, ^
V FRANKLIN DAVENPORT/ Clerk.
Feb. Term, 1778. J
Burlington, February 16, 1778. TO BE SOLD,
A TRACT of 418 acres of unimproved land, situate in the township of RoxboTOiigh, and county of Morris, ad- joining 011 the west side of the line run by John Law- rence for the division between East and West Jersey,1 and adjoining land of Daniel Smith, and land surveyed by John Reading, Esq.
The tract is well watered and timbered, with several pieces of natural meadow thereon. For further par- ticulars inquire of
WILLIAM HEULINGS.
1 This line was run during the middle of the 18th Century.
58 NEW JERSEY 1ST THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Feb. 17, 1778,
TEN, DOLLARS REWARD.
TAKEN out of the house of the subscriber at the Xew- Mills1 near Mountholly, the 13th inst at night, a SILVER WATCH, with a silver face, maker's name C. Ri<nl<-l, London. As a certain John Kelly, alias John Wheeler, who said he was a light horseman and had lately deserted from the British army, lodged at the subscriber's house that night, he is suspected of the theft: He is about five feet eight or nine inches high, and had on a blue great coat, light coloured ditto under it, green jacket, and linen trowsers. Whoever takes up the real thief so that he may be brought to justice, and secures the Watch for the owner, shall have for the Watch only six DOLLARS, and for the thief FOUR DOLLARS, with reasonable charges paid by
THOMAS PLATT. THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN AWAY in June 1776, from the subscriber, living in Amwell township, a Negro man named LUN,. but it is probable he may change his name: He is about 30 years of age, about five feet eight or nine inches high, a thick well set fellow, has a remarkable scar on his upper lip of a cut, and is thought to have a pass with him. He is the Xegro that formerly belonged to John Sevems. Whoever takes up and secures him so that his master may get him again, shall have the above reward, and reason- able charges, paid by
ISAAC JOHNSON.
All persons are forbid to counsel or harbour this Xegro at their peril.
1 Pemberton.
1778 j NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 59
February 14, 1778. TO BE SOLD.,
THE sloop BETSY,, at the Forks of Little-Egg-Harbour: She is a fast sailing vessel, well found. Apply to JOHN BURROWS on board. If not sold by the 25th instant, she will be sold on that day by publick sale at Mountholly, about twelve o'clock.
Mountholly s Feb. 18.
GOOD Old FRENCH BRANDY, JAMAICA SPIRIT and WEST-
INDIA RUM, to be sold by PETER SHIRAS, by the hogshead, barrel or gallon, very reasonable.
DILLON and Have for sale in Mountholly, the following Articles:
SUPERFINE buff, scarlet, blue and light coloured broad- cloths; light and brown homespun do. green and red baiz ; cotton and linen checks ; Irish sheeting, and a few pieces of Britannias ; cambricks, muslins and lawns ; cotton calicoes and chintz ; plain silk gauze ; pins and needles ; cotton and linen handkerchiefs ; threads . . . with a variety of grocery, consisting of Muscovado and lo>af sugar, by the barrel or smaller quantity; excellent fresh Bohea tea ; allum and copperas ; molasses ; West India rum, and some choice old Jamaica spirit by the gallon or barrel ; a small quantity of china, some of which are odd ; pepper, &c. &c.
60 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
FISHER and ROBERTS,
1 1 nrc for sale at their STORE in Trenton at the house that Harrison formerly kept store at,
SPIRIT of the best Quality by the hogshead, barrel or gallon ; Maderia Wine by the quarter cask or gallon ; Gin by the gallon; Loaf and Muscovado Sugars; Tea, Chocolate, Allum, Copperas, Striped Linen, Woniens Shoes, Mens Mittens, Silk Mohair, &c. &c.
JOHN DENNIS
INTENDS to prosecute the HAT MAKING business, as he formerly did at ^New-Brunswick, where proper en- couragement will be given to good journeymen, and the highest price for all sorts of FURS. He is also in want of a quantity of BEESWAX,, for which the greatest price will be given. - - He thanks his f O'rme,r customers in par- ticular, and the publick in general, for past favours: Those that a-re pleased to continue their custom, shall be served with good hats, and in a punctual manner.
New-Brunswick, Feb. 3, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
By Publick Vendue, at the house of Mary Middleton, at Crosswicks, on Thursday, the 19th instant,
AN assortment of HARDWARE, such as handsaws, large and small hammers, hatchets, augurs, pitch and small ladles, brass and iron rimmed locks, with brass knobs; 12, 0 and 6 inch H-L and II hinges, dovetail and chest ditto, japanned pistol hooks with screws, fire steels, spike and nail gimblets, japanned handles for doors or chests, large gouges, inch and a half sprigs, scupper nails, sail needles and palms, fish-hooks, best rope traces, a large scale beam, and sundry other articles not inserted.
Fell. 10. WILLIAM DREWRY.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 61
!N~. B. A parcel of cordage, such as shrouds and stays, and one ten inch cable, almost new, sails, blocks, fee. A young handsome black HORSE, four years old, fourteen hands and three quarters high, fit for saddle or carriage.
February 10, 1778.
TO BE SOLD.,
By Public Vendue, at the house of Alexander Mills, in Mountholly, on the 25th of the present February, viz.
SUNDRY SHOP GOODS, among which are a neat assort- ment of silk, mohair buttons; some ready made shirts; some pieces of linen, and checks; coarse homespun threads; a quantity of 'salt, if not sold before; a parcel of desk furniture, and many other articles in the shop way.
At the same time and place will be, sold, a quantity of
HOUSEHOLD GOODS and KITCHEN FURNITURE, among
which are, walnut chairs, tables, desk and drawers ; large looking-glasses ; brass and-irons, ditto shovels and tongs, polished steel ditto, with brass heads, polished iron ditto1, with ditto; a few handsome pictures; also a neat eight- day clock.
On the day following will be sold, a two-story BRICK HOUSE,, about 39 or 40 feet front, with the lot on which it stands. Also a LOT of MEADOW, containing four acres, about one mile and a half from town. The house is where the said Mills now lives, and is a good stand for any kind of public business. Also one half of a decked SHALLOP, as she now lies in the creek, with all her sails and rigging.
Any gentleman inclining to purchase any of the above articles at private sale, may apply before the day of vendue, and know the terms.
The vendue to begin precisely at ten o'clock, and con- tinue 'till the whole is sold. The goods to be paid for before they leave the vendue.
62 NEW JEB8E? IX THE REYOI.fTION. [1778
Burlington, Feb. 11, 1778.
Xotice is hereby given to the officers of militia of Piles- grove, Salem county, that the certificates given by me to Jacob Van Culer and Elijah Keen, do not exempt them from serving in the militia, as the substitute delivered by them to me, was illegally enlisted.
JOHN N. GUMMING/
Capt. 2d Jersey Regt. For the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE.
THOUGHTS on bringing to a speedy and happy end the present, war.
AMONG the numerous and pleasing advantages arising from a republican government, the people not only enjoy the perfect and unrestrained powers of legislation and taxation by representatives freely chosen among them- selves, but each individual ever retains the unalienable right of instructing his representatives, and suggesting to them at all times every expedient he may judge most for the public good. — The sentiments published under the signature of Adolphus in the New- Jersey Gazette (Numb. 8)2 gave pleasure to thousands — and these alone immediately executed are likely to bring to a speedy and happy conclusions the present war. His were the private thoughts of multitudes respecting our publick affairs, wherefore I was highly delighted with the publication of them. — And as his plan respects the United States in general, I take the liberty of seconding his motions and supporting his proposals with a particular application of the same to the State of New-Jersey.
If the Continental regiments are instantly filled up, and our wise, our enterprizing and glorious General
1 For sketch of John N. Gumming, see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., 346.
2 Printed January 21st, 1778. The article was dated "Pennsylvania," and was mainly a plea for filling up the Continental Regiments.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 63
enabled early in the season to take the field with an army of fifty or sixty thousand men, depend upon it the British army, with all the reinforcement they can obtain, will not venture from their garrisons and strong-holds. Britain will say, her officers will say, and her venal ad- ministration will say, "It is in vain to contend with "these Americans, for instead of becoming weaker, they "grow stronger and more powerful: We may ruin our- "selves, but we shall never be able to subjugate them."- But, if we idle away this winter, this infinitely im- portant winter, in a lethargic security,1 and have only a small army in the field next summer, they will apprehend from our supineness that we are weakened indeed, and we shall have a laborious and bloody campaign like the last, and perhaps less successful. Thus at the end of another year we shall be as far in prospect from peace as we are now. — Whereas in the spring if we parade before them our army having its requirements completely filled with effective men, which will then be but a small ex- ertion of the real strength of these states, it will strike such a terror into England and* her troops, pour such confusion into their counsels, will so baffle their projects, and turn to vanity their boasted promises, that they will in all probability immediately enter upon measures for negotiating a peace.- —
^As militia substitution has indeed greatly injured the recruiting our army, there is no way remains for com- pleting our regiments but by drafting men. It will not take more than a tenth man of the militia of New-Jersey to furnish out our compliment. And what is it for every company of fifty men to turn out five for the service? Xothing of equal importance can be so easily accom- plished.— Let a law be passed for drafting the men for nine months ; their service commencing the first of April, and ending the last of December, when the campaign will surely be over. Let these drafts have the same quantity of cloathing, which is allowed a soldier for a whole year.
1 The American array was then in winter quarters at Valley Forge.
64 M:\\ .JKRSKY TX THE REVOLUTIOX. [1778
Let them have a reasonable and handsome bounty granted. Let each militia company meet together, and consider as every tenth man of them is to be drafted, it is best to collect a sum of money for those in the company who will offer their service. And upon such encouragements as these, there will be ai sufficient number of hearty young men, who can be well spared, that will present them- selves. The time of service will be short, the induce- ments great, and the cause is glorious. — But if there are any companies that do not choose this method, but will take their chance of a lot, then those on whom the lot falls, and are averse to the military employment, will easily procure substitutes in their places. — Thus our regiments will be filled, and filled with volunteers, and these volunteers such as are already well acquainted with military duty ; so that as soon as they take the field they will not be regiments of raw recruits, but really veteran soldiers. For there are very few of this class of people among us, who have not been in the service a great part of their time these two years past, and have not been in numerous skirmishes and actions.
Some such plan as this being immediately adopted, and vigorously executed, will soon put an end to the war, and it will probably be ended without the* further effusion of blood ; and the blessings, the important blessings of peace and liberty secured unto us as the reward of our exertions. Had these measures been entered upon last winter, we have every reason to believe, under the smiles of Heaven, the war would have been over. But through our negligence we must now prepare for another cam- paign. Wherefore let us do it, as people who are awake and in earnest. — Kemember the emissaries of Britain. and the tories of America, will not be idle this winter, and while they are with the utmost vigilance collecting their strength to make their last effort next season, they will not relax in their endeavours to intimidate some, and lull to security others, by every misrepresentation and falsehood, in devising which, if they have not the most
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 65
happy, they have the most fruitful inventions, so that nothing vigorously may be done either by Congress or the respective Legislatures. As there are baits for every fish, so lies will be variegated to delude persons of every make. — One while you will hear of hosts of Russians; another of the occult manoeuvres of Prussia; then we shall be entertained with rebellions in Ireland; recon- ciliation, if we renounce independency; proposals for cessation of arms by Howe; peace in the spring, &c. — But if we really desire peace, and really wish to1 prevent the shedding more blood, let us hearken to none of these delusive tales; for be assured, under all these pretences, the enemy will be straining every nerve to crush us the ensuing year. Wherefore, let us not be fascinated by tory inchantments, but rouse like men, like men of wisdom, like men of valour, who abhor an ignominious slavery, and who fight for the richest blessings for our- selves and for millions unborn. —
Let the worthy and honourable Legislature of this State imitate the generous example set by the noble and spirited Virginians, and thus the zeal of exertion being propa- gated from state to state, the mighty strength of America, when displaying itself but a little, will cause to vanish the machinations of tyranny, rescue us at one from the terror of our enemies, secure our property, and establish a glorious peace, and the indefeasible rights of human kind upon a firm and lasting foundation.
PERSIUS.
—New-Jersey Gazette, No. 12, Fel. 18, 1778.
Philadelphia, February 4. Yesterday a number of the virtuous inhabitants of New-Jersey, tired of the op- pression of their new government, gave a proof of their loyalty and attachment to his Majesty, by seizing the person of one WILSON, Collector of the substitute fines in that province, and bringing him in to the British Head Quarters: — This example, it is hoped, will be followed
5
66 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION.
by the injured, and distressed people of Pennsylvania and jSTewrJersey, as they cannot doubt but their loyalty will meet with, every reasonable encouragement.
New- York, February 23. We hear that the general Opinion of the Rebels in many Parts of New-Jersey is, that Peace is not far distant between Great-Britain and her Colonies. — New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, February 23, 1778.
To the PRINTER of the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE. SIR
The reasons advanced in the enclosed letter, having fully convinced me of the absurdity of a certain measure, much talked of in some places of late; and as they might perhaps if handed to the public, have the like good effect upon others, I cannot but wish you to give the letter at large a place in your paper. Its not having been designed for the public eye, will, I presume, sufficiently apologize for any little inaccuracies that may be observed by the curious.
T. w.1
1 This interesting letter, the authorship of which is unknown, but was unquestionably written by a man of wealth, gives an admirable exposition of the attitude taken by the governing classes toward taxation-legislation. Many of the arguments advanced bear a striking similarity to those of the present.
The legislation to which reference was made was entitled "An Act to raise a Fund by Taxation for discharging the Debts and defraying the necessary Expenses of the State of New Jersey," and was introduced early in November, 1777. Upon the 18th of that month the House spent the entire day in the discussion of the bill. The measure was finally passed March 26th, 1778. The objections made by the correspondent do not appear to have entirely influenced the members of the Legislature. It is provided in the statute that all mortgages, bonds, bills and notes upon interest deemed recoverable and to be of value, owing to inhabitants of New Jersey from any person or persons in the United States, shall be valued at one-thirtieth part of the principal thereof, including all moneys at interest under the care of executors, guardians and others acting as trustees. Exemptions were made in case of certificates for moneys lent the United States. "AND PROVIDED, ALSO, That if any Inhabitant of this State pays Interest for a Part or the Whole of the Sum, he receives Interest for, then and in that Case he shall not be rated or assessed for any larger Sum than the Sum he receives Interest for, exceeds the Sum he pays In- terest for." See "Votes and Proceedings of the General Assembly of the State of New Jersey," October 28th, 1777, to October 8th, 1778, 2d Ses- sion ; also, Laws of New Jersey, Chapter j£xill., 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 67
Jan. 2, 1778. ESTEEMED FRIEND
YOUR favour of the 20th of last month I just now received, and am much pleased with your clear and circumstantial account of the state of our affaire ; and also with your remarks upon some of the late proceedings of government. In the sequel, you are pleased to ask me, what objections I have to taxing bonds, bills, and other specialties, drawing interest? To give you a full answer to this question, would require more time than I can at present spare. I will, however, endeavour to send you a few of my objections in a short way.
First. The measure appears to me to be exceptionable, in that it would probably be attended with effects injurious to this State in set- tling our quota of taxes with the other States. The computed wealth of each State, may, hereafter, if not in the first instance, be the rule whereby to fix and regulate its quota ; and as that will probably be taken from the assessors duplicates, where bonds and bills (which are really no part of the wealth of any country, farther than the value of the paper and parchment extends) to be inserted in our duplicates, as part of our property, it might be a means of raising the quota of the state far beyond what it ought to be.
But lest you should doubt the reality of what I have said respecting bonds arid bills being no part of the wealth of a country ; I will state a case, that perhaps will set it in a clear light. Let us suppose New- Jersey to be, at this time, worth just one million sterling ; that the present proprietors sell it for that sum, to such of the community as have no property, and take their bonds and bills for the money. Here you see bonds and bills would take place for a million of money, without increasing the wealth of the state one farthing : New-Jersey would still remain to be worth but just one million. Which very plainly shows, as I said before, that bonds and bills are no part of the wealth of a country ; nor does it less plainly show how absurd it would be to give them a place in our duplicates.
'2dl>j. I object to the measure as impracticable. Bonds and bills, like cash, are usually kept secret. Some people perhaps would render an account of all they have, others of part, and some of none. And which way, let me ask, should we ever get rid of this difficulty — of this total uncertainty — so as to render the measure with any tolerable face of justice practicable? For my part I see no way : unless each assessor should be obliged to examine upon oath or affirmation, every pei-sou within his precinct, whenever a new assessment is made, re- specting the bonds and bills he or she may then have. Nor indeed would this (though a curious piece of business) be very likely to answer the end. For if men can hardly swear the truth between neighbour and neighbour, where they are at all connected with either side, much less would they be likely to do it between themselves and the publick : and such 'frequent and general swearing, would naturally render an oath more and more familiar, and, in proportion, diminish the force of the obligation. In short, I fear the constant and strong temptation to perjury, that would attend this kind of swearing, would so far get the better of human virtue, as to render an oath of little or no signification. Perjury, like other crimes, would seem to lose its criminality in proportion as it would become fashionable.
68 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [l~'v
"Vice is a monster of so frightful mien, "As, to be hated, needs but to be seen : "Yet seen too oft, familiar with her face, "We first endure, then pity, then embrace."
It might be observed too, that putting men upon their oaths in cases where their own interest is at stake, would be repugnant to one of the oldest and most approved maxims of our law. But then perhaps old maxims may not be worth our notice. For some of us, without one jot of experience in the business of legislation, and with but very little knowledge of the law, and less of politics, are so much wiser than our predecessors, either here or in Britain, notwithstanding their great experience in legislative affairs, their deligent researches after political knowledge, and the purest principles and theory of civil government, as to be able to form for ourselves maxims far superior to theirs, and to bring into existence schemes equally new and admirable.
It should ever be an invariable rule to make nothing taxable but what is visible : and the moment we quit this ground, we step into the dark, ridiculously to grope after what we can never obtain.
The parliament of Britain have long been at their wits end for ways and means whereby to raise supplies of cash adequate to the demands of the state ; %nd yet they have never, in any one instance, undertaken to tax bonds, bills or mortgages. Our assemblies too have ever avoided the measure. But then what is that to us? We say they were all wrong. Are we sure that we are right? He who quits the old beaten way, should first take care to be well advised of a better. There is frequently more in old ways to recommend them, than we are at first aware of. Hence custom is said to be an argument of right : and this argument is directly against us. Custom too, is an apology for doing wrong. But if we should depart from the old ground, or mode of taxation, what apology will there be found for us, in case that should prove to be wrong?
People are generally best satisfied with what they have been most used to. It is not sufficient that you lay no greater burden upon a man than he has been accustomed to bear : You must lay it upon the very same shoulder that he has been used to carry it upon ; otherwise he will feel himself uneasy and perhaps give you trouble.
We may think our leaders have all hitherto gone wrong : and we may have honest intentions to rectify their errors : but then don't let us be too hasty in making the attempt. A second thought frequently cor- rects the first ; and this year's experience may render us much more capable of rectifying the errors of our ancestors, than at present we are ; or it may possibly convince us, that they have left us none to rectify. It often happens that we think others err, merely because we have not judgment sufficient to discover the reason and rectitude of their conduct. And when this is the case, time, and a dispassionate inquiry, usually prove the best remedies.
3dly. I object to the measure as unjust. It would raise a two-fold tax upon property. Suppose, for instance, A to have a farm worth one thousand pounds, and no other estate ; that B, who has no estate, pur- chases the farm of A for the sum mentioned, and gives him a bond for
1T78J NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. G9
the money, payable with interest from the day of purchase. Here, 'tis plain, that A and B, taken together, would have but one thousand pounds worth of property ; yet according to our scheme, they must be taxed as tho' they had two — B for the farm, and A for its value. A most glaring piece of iniquity ! iniquity however that attends the measure, trace it where you will. For if B had borrowed a thousand pounds of A, and laid it out in a farm, or other taxable property, the case would have been just the same — B must have paid tax for the property, and A for its value.
As the property is ever in the hands of the borrower, there, and there only, it can with propriety be taxed. And if upon a general scale, interest is so high that the borrower can not afford to pay the tax, let it be reduced ; or let him be authorized to deduct the tax out of the interest when he pays it. Either of these ways would be practicable and just ; but the former, perhaps, would be much the most eligible. Our duplicates might then remain as they are — they would not exhibit an exaggerated idea of our wealth — they would not be disgraced by partial accounts of bonds and bills, mere imaginary property ; nor would our assessors be degraded by being turned into so many legal pimps — by being compelled to pry into people's private and secret con- cerns to inquire after their bonds and bills, debts and credits ; mat- ters that the publick in reality have no right to meddle with ; and which genuine pimps alone would care to inquire after. Men of honour and delicate feelings would disdain the ungracious task. They would blush to ask the questions, and they would scorn to give the answers.
I admire the promoters of this curious scheme have never, in their great zeal for justice and impartial dealing, thought of setting on foot a similar one with regard to landlords and tenants. Surely it would be as just to tax both landlord and tenant for the property in the hands of the tenant, as to tax the borrower and lender of money for the property in the hands of the borrower. If it would be unjust to levy a two-fold tax in the former case, why not in the latter? Some indeed say they are for the better, because it would lessen the tax upon the rest of the community. ( O how merciful !) But would not the former also? And were we to tax red hair and long noses, it would have just the same effect ; and yet I suppose nobody ever dreamt of considering them as proper objects of taxation.
You lend me, on easy terms (which the legal terms are ever to be supposed to be) your money to make an estate with. Now the question is, whether you, or I, ought to pay tax for this money, whilst I possess it? For that we should both pay tax for it, is really a proposition too ridiculous to deserve any serious attention. And were you to ask me the question, I am sure I should be ashamed to answer, that you ought to pay the tax. I may very well be supposed to derive a much greater profit from the money than you will whilst it remains in my hands : And upon this supposition, your paying tax for it must be the height of injustice. But really I see no injustice in my paying tax for it, whilst I possess it with a view of gain ; even though the benefit I derive from it, should not be equal to yours. For upon what principle of equity can I expect to have your property on equal terms of ad- vantage with you? If you risk your money in my hands upon such
TO NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [177s
terms, as to enable me to pay tax for it, and at the same time to in- crease my estate faster by the use of it, than I otherwise could have done, with the same care and industry, I am clearly beholden to you for that extraordinary gain. And why the profit I derive from your money, should exceed, or equal yours, in order to render it just for me to pay the tax, I cannot conceive ; though I know it is a doctrine held forth by some. If by the utmost stretch of industry and care. I can now clear but fifty pounds a year, and by your lending me one thou- sand pounds, at seven per cent, per annum, taxable in my hands. I am enabled to clear fifty pounds a year more ; am I to quarrel with the contract subsisting between you and me as harjl or unjust, because the gain I derive from your property is not equal to yours? Surely if your money enables me to double my income, without any additional fatigue of body or mind, I ought to think myself exceedingly well dealt by, and greatly obliged to you for risking it in my hands. And was I to ask you to pay tax for it whilst I possess it, it would certainly evidence a degree of meanness, that you would most heartily despise. But then perhaps what would be mean — what would be despicable in an in- dividual to ask, may well enough become a legislature to enforce.
The property being universally taxable in the hands of the borrower, it is to be supposed that all legislatures, whoever undertook to regulate the interest of money, would naturally regulate it accordingly - that they would fix it so tew as to enable the borrower to pay the tax. And this being done, how barefacedly unjust would it be still to compel the lender to pay it? or indeed to pay any tax at all for the money lent? Surely there is not a man of sense and justice, but what would blush at the attempt.
4thly. I object to the measure on account of the present great de- preciation of cash. Whatever money might have been heretofore, it is certainly now so fallen in value, as to be utterly unable to bear a tax. Great numbers of the inhabitants of this state, who depend chiefly upon the interest of their money for support, know not. at this hour, which way to get bread to eat, and cloaths to wear. And shall govern- ment add to their distress, by saddling them with a burden equally oppressive and unpresidented : A burden not only unjust iu its nature, but which they are by no means able to bear? Those indeed who have money at interest, and yet are in some kind of profitable business, as farmers, merchants, mechanicks, &c. may perhaps, from the great gain they derive from their respective employments, be able to bear the tax with some degree of ease ; but among those who may more properly be called the monied part of the community, from their being chiefly supported by the interest of their money, I believe there are but few. very few, but what would feel it as a grievous oppression. If when every hundred pounds they had would bring them seven per cent per annum, and the necessaries of life were not half as dear as they now are, they could but just bring the year about ; it is easy to conceive, that they must now be reduced to the greatest difficulty, and that a small additional burden would be exceedingly hard to bear. And that there are great numbers in such a situation cannot be doubted. Xor can it be doubted, by any who have the feelings of humanity, or are endowed with the common principles of justice, but that their case
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 71
demands relief from government, rather than oppression. Especially when we consider, that many among them are covered with grey hairs — are persons who have spent the prime of their days in the virtuous discharge of their several duties, as Christians and fellow citizens : that many among them are widows, with large families of children, who they are endeavouring to bring up in a decent and reputable way, in order to render them useful and honourable members of society.
Are not the monied part of the community, from the nature of the times, likely to be sufficiently injured, without the assistance of gov- ernment? Are we not alarmed at the amazing fall of cash? Had A, for instance, sold B three horses two years ago, at thirty pounds a-piece, and taken his bond for the money, payable at this time ; one of these horses, according to the general rise of things (or fall of cash which is the same thing) would now completely pay that debt. And shall A, out of the interest of this poor pittance, be obliged to pay tax to ease B's pocket and the pockets of others, who are in like manner taking advantage, of the times, and raising estates out of the ruins of their neighbours? Is it not sufficient that individuals are thus en- deavouring to ruin individuals? Or would it really redound to the honour of government, to have a hand in completing the iniquity?
Here, perhaps you will say, that as continental loan-offices are now open, and as the certificates bear an interest of six per cent per an- num, were they to be exempted from taxes, as proposed by some, the monied part of the community might turn their cash into that channel, and not only escape the tax, but, in a great degree, relieve themselves from the losses and distresses I have mentiond. But then you will consider, that this remedy would be exceedingly partial ; to say noth- ing of the total uncertainty of its continuance. It is not to be sup- posed that one tenth, nor perhaps a twentieth part of those who depend upon the interest of their money for their living, and who are well affected to the government, would, or indeed could, without great inconvenience, have recourse to it. And those that would be most likely to avail themselves of the privilege, are generally such as stand least in need of it. The more particular defects of the remedy how- ever, it might perhaps, at this time, be improper to set forth. I shall therefore dismiss the subject for the present.
It is said by some, that a law for taxing bonds and bills would be popular. And perhaps it might. But then would not a law for dividing the wealth of the state equally among the inhabitants, be full as popular, or perhaps more so? Only set the thought on foot, and take a little pains to blow it about, and you will soon have legions of advocates for it. An estate of one hundred thousand pounds, would make a hundred beggars smack their lips. This would be levelling with a witness. But then however popular it might be, I dare say numbers of those who would fain support the former scheme on its popular ground, would instantly reprobate the argument, was it to be advanced in favour of the latter. The former is levelled at one part of the community — the latter would be levelled at another also ; which, you know, might make great odds.
With regard to the real merit of the two schemes, it may perhaps be hard to determine which would excel. As levying a two-fold tax
72 IfKW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
on one part of the property of the state, and not on the other, would have an appearance of great partiality ; some perhaps, who value an equal administration, would think the former least entitled to merit ; others, apprehending they should lose most by a division of estates, would probably judge the latter to be least meritorious. This, how- ever, may be said in favour of the latter, that the former will not bear : it would, for a time, relieve the state from paupers.
But however absurd taxing money at interest (as it is termed) may appear when fully considered, there is something in it, that at first view seems very plausible. Hence some well-meaning men, who have considered the matter too superficially, are warm advocates for the measure. And the arguments commonly advanced in support of it, are well calculated to take with the populace — to mislead the unwary and inconsiderate part of the people ; who are usually well pleased with a scheme or an argument, provided it has one fair side.
In the course of our debates upon this subject, I have heard it said to be unjust that any one man, who has three times the income of another, should pay less tax than that other pays. And did he who has that largest income, possess the property out of which it rises, the remark would be just ; but when that property is in the hands of others, as farms leased, and money let, and there pays tax, the case is evidently otherwise. A man may have property in the hands of other people, to the amount of a million, and the possessor of that property may have it on such easy terms, that they can better afford to pay for it than the proprietor. In which case, although the proprietor should draw from those who possess his property, ten thou- sand pounds per annum, and pay no other than a common poll-tax, there would not be even the shadow of injustice in it. He having enabled the possessors of his property to pay tax for it in his stead, their paying the tax must be evidently just ; and was he to be taxed for it also, or for its value, that would be as evidently unjust. It might, however, gratify those amongst us who behold their superiors in life with an envious eye, and right or wrong, would gladly drag them down to a level with themselves. But this levelling spirit should never be indulged. It is always dangerous in civil society — always destructive of order and government.
\Vere all men so generous as to let their money on the easy terms I have mentioned, there would be no need of laws for regulatiug of interest. Every lender of money would be so moderate in his demands, as to enable the borrower to pay tax for the property whilst it re- mained in his hands. But as mankind in general are more influenced by the love of gain, than by any feelings of generosity, or principles of justice, were they left to bargain for themselves, with regard for the interest they should receive, many would exceed that moderation which I have mentioned. Laws were therefore found to be necessary to check their demands, and keep them within the bounds of equity and justice. And if the laws of this state, as they now stand, allow the lenders of money too great a latitude, let them be altered. If an interest of seven per cent per annum is too high, let it, as I said before, be reduced. But let it never be said, that New-Jersey has a law for peeping into old womens drawers and caskets, to discover the frivolous amount of their bonds and bills.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 73
Thus, in obedience to your command, I have sent you a few of my thoughts respecting our new scheme : and I wish I had had a little more leisure, that I might have done the subject more justice, and sent you them thoughts in a little better dress. Your good judgment, however, will enable you to take up the hints I have dropt, and, at your leisure, pursue the arguments to their fullest extent ; and I am sure your good nature, will readily excuse any defect on my part.
/ remain icith the greatest esteem, &c.
P. S. If once in judgment sir yo've err'd :
If others once yo've taught to stray ; 'Twill learn you how to feel for those Who judge at random ev'ry day.
But from that error now recede :
'Tis great — 'tis good to own a fault :
Returning sinners grace obtain ; And candour does the mind exalt.
'Tis grov'ling souls alone that spurn
Conviction and resolve to stray ; That sullen on in error press,
When truth unfolds a better way.
The noble mind with doubts oppress'd,
Exults and glories in relief ; Joyous steps from wrong to right,
And thanks you for the new belief.
But why those hints? your mind disdains
A thought so guilty and so low, As not to catch truth on the wing,
Whether she came from friend or foe.
Peace to all such, and wisdom too : And may my soul with theirs unite,
Explore the ways from error free, And easy move from wrong to right.
January 9, 1778. Mr. PRINTER
ANY hint or improvement in agriculture, ought to be communicated to the publick, especially at the time of this unhappy struggle, when necessity will, if inclination don't, urge each individual to ceconomy and industry — the grand article of the culture of flax at this juncture, de- serves a particular attention — —I last season made the following experiment, having often heard of a second
74 XKW .JKKSKY IX T11K I.'KYOLUTIO.V. [1T.S
crop of flax, that is, to sow the same ground over again with flax-seed as soon as the first crop is taken off. — I was of an opinion, that it would answer then, it was highly probable it would do three weeks or a month sooner. — I had about two acres of common pasture land, ploughed and intended for wheat; one half I had cross- ploughed and well harrowed, the other was only harrowed, on which I sowed the seed pretty thick the last week in June, and in ten weeks from the time of sowing, I had the flax pulled, spread and sufficiently rotted for dressing; the flax, according to the opinion of good judges, was well linted and very soft; and that there will be at least an hundred and forty weight of flax from the two bushels of seed, which I account as so much clear gain, having a tolerable good crop put in at the usual time, and a lucky shift for any farmer, whose early sown flax may be cut short by the ffost or any other accident. Yours, &c, A Farmer of Middlesex, South Rariton.1
1 This experiment unquestionably grew out of the action taken by the Somerset County Committee of Correspondence, at their meeting in Hills- borough, February 14th, 177G. President John Witherspoon, of the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University), was chairman upon this occa- sion, when, for the purpose of benefiting the "inland Trade" of Somerset county, the following was declared to be the fundamental principle of action : "That whatever will make it easy for every Person, old or young, rich or poor, to do a little and immediately to turn that little to their own Advantage as well as throw it into the Public Service, must have the most immediate and powerful Influence."
In the establishment of such a plan it was designed that markets be held for wool, woolen yarn, cloth, fine and coarse wool cards, rough and dressed flax, linen yarn, green and whitened cloth, reeds and mounting for looms, wheels, and reels. These markets were to be established monthly at Princeton, at Pluckemin, at Bernardstown, at Bound Brook and at Som- erset Court House. At Princeton, upon April 14th, 1778. the Legislature passed "An Act for granting a Bounty upon Wool, Flax and Hemp raised and sold within the State of New Jersey." This act provided that a bounty should be paid of one shilling per pound for good, merchantable sheep's wool ; nine pence per pound for good, clean, well-dressed flax, and four pence per pound for like hemp, "so raised and sold by any Person residing within this State, to any Inhabitant of the same." This bounty was directed to be paid "to any Person who shall raise and sell any of the aforesaid Articles, over and above the Quantity sufficient for his or her Family's Use." The act was directed to continue in force during a period of two years after its publication and thence to the end of the next sitting of the General Assembly. "New Jersey as a Colony and a State," Vol. II., p. 59 ; Acts, &c., of Assembly, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. ' 75
BURLINGTON, Feb. 25.
To the inhabitants of New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, Mary- land and Virginia.
Friends, Coimtrymen and Felloiv Citizens!
AFTER three campaigns, during which the brave sub- jects of these States have contended, not unsuccessfully, with one of the most powerful kingdoms on earth, we now find ourselves at least upon a level with our oppo- nents ; and there is the best reason to believe that efforts adequate to the abilities of this country, would enable us speedily to conclude the war, and to secure the invaluable blessings of peace, liberty and safety. With this view, it is in contemplation, at the opening of the next cam- paign, to assemble a force sufficient not barely to cover the country from a repetition of those depredations, which it hath already suffered, but also to operate offensively, and to strike some decisive blow.
In the prosecution of this object, it is to be feared that so large an army may suffer for thei want of provisions.
• The distance between this and the eastern States, whence considerable supplies of flesh have been hitherto drawn, will necessarily render those supplies exceedingly precarious. And unless the virtuous yeomanry of the States of New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, Mairyland and Virginia, will exert themselves to prepare cattle for the use of the army, during the months of May, June and July next, great difficulties may arise in the course of the campaign: It is, therefore, recommended to the in- habitants of those States, to put up and feed immediately, as many of their stock-cattle as they can spare, so as that they may be driven to this army within that period. A bountiful price will be given, and the proprietors may assure themselves that they will render a most essential service to the illustrious cause of their country, and con-
76 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
tribute, in a great degree, to shorten this bloody contest. But should there be any so insensible to the common in- terest, as not to exert themselves upon these generous principles, the private interest of those whose situation makes them liable to become immediate subjects to the enemy's incursions, should prompt them at least to a measure which is calculated to save their property from plunder, their families from insult, and their own persons from abuse, hopeless confinement, or perhaps a violent death.
G. WASHINGTON.
Read-Quarters, Valley-Forge, February 18, 1778.
We hear that an exchange of prisoners is soon to take place between General Washington and General Howe, the latter having consented to give up the point so long in dispute about tmS prisoners sent out last winter on parole: Most of them were treated so hardly that they died soon after their arrival among us, or were rendered for-ever unfit for service; and consequently were not proper objects of an exchange.
Last Monday a handsome collection of cloathing and linen was sent to the hospital at Princeton, for the use of the sick and wounded, being the seasonable and charitable donation of the Rev. Mr. Green's congregation in Hanover, Morris county.
Several deserters have come to this city1 since our last,
ftt The PRINTING-OFFICE is now removing from this Place to Trenton, where Business will be carried on as usual.
TO BE SOLD,
A LARGE new DWELLING-HOUSE and forty-six acres of LAND, now in the possession of Henry Waddell at Free- hold, in the county of Monmouth, ^ew-Jersey. The
1 Burlington.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 77
house contains nine rooms, (seven of them with fire- places) two kitchens with bed-rooms for servants, a fine dry cellar, &c. The out-houses consist of a small building of three rooms, (two of them with fire-places) built for an office, a bathing-house, a milk-room, a srnoak- house, large and convenient stables for horses, a barri, and house for cattle, &c. The land is in good fence, and has on it an apple orchard and a peach orchard, con- taining together about seven hundred trees, also about one hundred and eighty trees, (brought from Prince's famous nursery on Long-Island) being a collection of the best fruit of all kinds, such as apples, pears, peaches, plumbs, nectarines, apricots, cherries, &c. Any person desirous of purchasing the above house and land may know the terms of sale by applying to Henry Waddell, who has also to dispose of one hundred acres of pasture land, lying within three quarters of a mile of the above premises.
Freehold, ^th February, 17Y8.
FORTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN from the subscriber the sixteenth of July last, a chestnut brown HORSE, about fifteen hands high, seven or eight years old, with a bald face, one of his hind feet white, had a small piece of skin sticking out about three quarters of an inch long, on the left side of his breast, occasioned by a rowel. Any person delivering said horse to the subscriber, living near Somerset court-house, in New-Jersey, shall be entitled to the above reward, or Twenty Dollars reward for any person that shall give information where said horse may be had, and all rea- sonable charges paid by
REYNEER VEGHTE.
78 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTIO N . [1778
Second month, 23d, 1778.
RUN-AWAY from the subscriber, near MountrHolly, about the 19th of last month, an apprentice lad named LEVI BISHOP, by trade a taylor, between 19 and 20 years of age, about 5 feet 7 or 8 inches high, has a down look and bushy hair ; had on and took with him when he went away a light coloured homespun coattee with wooden buttons, a home made mixed under jacket, half worn leather breeches, homespun shirts, two pair of grey stockings, one pair ribbed, old neat's leather shoes that had been caped and soaled, with carved buckles, a half worn fur hat, but it is likely he will change his name and cloathes. He was drafted out in the Northampton Militia, with Capt. Weaver, but left him and I hear has gone to the salt works at Squan, where he has a brother that goes by the name of Joseph Bishop. Any person that will apprehend *the said apprentice and confine him in Burlington gaol, so that his master shall get him again, shall have ONE SIXTH OF A DOLLAR reward, paid by me
JABEZ WOOLSTON.
350 Dollars Reward.
RAN-AWAY the 8th day of February, 1778, from the subscribers, three Negro men, viz. one named NEAN, about 25 years old, a middle sized fellow, has thick lips, and stutters very much in his speech when he speaks in a hurry; had on a brown coat, a blue jacket and buckskin breeches. One named JAMES, about 20 years old, a short chunky fellow, had on a good castor hat, two jackets, the upper one a light grey, and leather breeches, and likes much to play on the fife. - The other named CUFF, about 30 years old, a well set fellow, about 5 feet 8 inches high; had on a beaver hat, a blue coat, red jacket, cloth breeches and new shoes, and is very fond of playing on the fiddle. As they were seen near Frankfort, it is sup- posed they are in or near Philadelphia. Whoever takes
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 79
up and secures the said Negroes in Trenton gaol, so that their masters may have them again, shall have the above reward, or an equal reward for either of them.
WILSON HUNT., JOHN HUNT,, JOSEPH BURROWES,
Hopewell, February 2, 1778.
Was taken out of a yard between Andrew Mershon's tavern and Pennington, in Hopewell, a black roan MARE, about five years old, English made, with a saddle and bridle; she trots, paces and gallops, her off hind foot white, the other has a little white about the hoof, a black head, mane and foretop, the two latter very bushy. She is about 14 hands high, with a blaze. The saddle has neither housin or saddle-cloth, and otherwise out of re- pair; a snaffle bridle with a running rein. The thief, as is supposed, is a short well set man, has dark brown bushy hair, had on a small hat, an old brown coat, leather breeches, a new pair of shoes, and calls himself William Williams. Whoever takes up the thief so that he may l>e brought to justice, and secures the mare, saddle and bridle so that the owner may have them again, shall re- ceive Twenty Dollars reward and reasonable charges paid by
NATHAN MOORE.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of the Widow Van Allen, late of the city of New-Brunswick, deceased, are hereby requested to pay their respective accounts to the subscriber at Trenton, or to Mr. William Harrison, in New Brunswick: And those that have any demands) against the said estate, are desired to bring in their ac- counts properly attested to the above-named persons. SAMUEL H. SULLIVAN, Administrat.
80 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778 TO BE SOLD,
On the 12th day of March next, at the house of Mr. Geromus Vanderbelt, in the township of New-Shanneck, and county of Somerset;
SUNDRY HOUSEHOLD GOODS, viz. a good eight clay clock, beds, chairs, tables and kitchen furniture. The vendue to begin at ten o'clock in the forenoon, where attendance will be given by me,
S. H. SULLIVAN.
To whom it may concern :
THE boat or vessel known by the name of LEWIS'S MILL BOAT, which was lately condemned by a court of ad- miralty in the State of New-Jersey, and sold by Publick Vendue in the city ftf Burlington, was in September last employed in the continental service for carrying clo^ath- ing from Philadelphia to Trenton, and from thence was ordered by the commissaries to return with publick stores to that city calling at Bristol for further directions ; but by the villainy of the skipper the vessel was run into a dock in Philadelphia on the 26th September last (the day on which the enemy arrived there) from whence she was taken an hour or two afterwards by a party of Glou- cester county militia, together with all the publick stores (having no other goods) on board, which stores were also condemned for the use of the captors.
The above is a true state of facts as they appeared on the trial.
BOWES REED, PRO. KEG.
February 18, 1778.
Trenton, Feb. 9, 1778.
NOTICE is hereby given to all persons capable of driving a team, who are willing to enlist for carters in the con- tinental army, to serve for three years; that they shall
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 81
have twenty dollars bounty, six pounds per month from the time of their enlistment, a suit of new clothes every year, and a great coat (if possible) and shoes or boots, by their producing a certificate from their waggon- master of their good behaviour. All persons willing to enlist on the above terms, are desired to apply to me at my quarters in Trenton.
SAMUEL, H. SULLIVAN, D. Q. M. G.
FORTY DOLLARS REWARD.
AWAY from the subscriber, a,t Trenton, NICHOLAS PECK, an indented servant, about 18 years of age, dark complexion, marked with the small-pox, about five feet high : Had on, when he went away, a striped linsey coat and jacket, buckskin breeches, a pair of plated buckles and beaver hat. He was spoke with on the road to Philadelphia, said he was going there, and to Head- Quarters to enlist. As there are ai number of officers belonging to the army acquainted with the aforesaid Nicholas Peck, it is hoped that none will enlist him, I have the honour to serve them as superintendent of cattle to the light-horse.
ADAM AULBERGER.
—New-Jersey Gazette, No. 13, Feb. 25, 1778.
Since the detachment of the royal army crossed the Delaware, and went into Jersey, we hear large numbers of the inhabitants of that province have flocked to them. The intelligence of the particular operations there is so imperfect, that we must defer the aiccount to another opportunity. Certain it is, the detachment of the rebel army there, under gen. Wayne are flying as usual, with all their might, burning, destroying, and laying waste
6
82 NEW JERSEY IN THE .REVOLUTION. [1778
all in their way. A3 soon as Mr. Wayne found it neces- sary to retreat he gave the most positive orders for burning all the forage, &c. they should come across, which orders have been strictly complied with wherever they passed, without distinction of friends or foes. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, February 28, 1778.
New- York, March 2. At a Court lately held at Morris-Town, in New- Jersey, 35 Persons received , Sen- tence of Death, for their Loyalty to their King; two of which were executed, viz. William Iliff, and John Mee, for inlisting Men for his Majesty's Service. On the Day of their Execution, the Sheriff (Alexander Car- michael) exhorted them to make a Confession of their Crimes, and acknowledge the Justness of their Sentence, in order to satisfy the Public : They answered Mr. Car- michael, very cooly, ^nd told him, they supposed they were to die for being good Subjects, that they knew no other Crime could be laid to their Charge, and that he might do his Duty as soon as possible. The poor Men were immediately executed, the Sheriff doing all that was necessary on the Occasion himself.
Best Salt, in many Parts of Jersey, we are assured, now sells for 50 Dollars per Bushel; one half of which Sum must be paid in Wheat, and the other in Square Dollars.
Adam Gilcrist, formerly a Taylor, in Broad-street, in this City, died some Time ago, in New- Jersey: One of his Sons was killed in the Rebel Army. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, March 2, 1778.
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 83
EXTRACTS from His Excellency's Message to the GENERAL
ASSEMBLY.1 Gentlemen,
Considering the multiplicity of business thai will require your at- tention at this setting, and how much was left unfinished at the last, I am persuaded that your zeal for the publick interest will not suffer you to rise till you have dispatched every matter of moment that shall require your deliberation.
As the completing our battalions demands your speedy consideration, I herewith lay before you a state of the non-commissioned officers and soldiers of the four New-Jersey regiments according to the weekly return of the 5th of January last. By this you will be convinced of the necessity of the most expeditious and vigorous measures for in- creasing those regiments to the full complement of men of which, according to the establishment, they ought to consist. I am confident I need not use any arguments with you to shew the importance of our having a respectable army to open an early campaign before the enemy can be strengthened by reinforcements from Europe. What- •ever expectations we may have of a rupture between Great-Britain and France, which is doubtless highly probable, it is surely not the part of wise men to depend upon uncertain contingencies. We ought under God to rely solely upon ourselves and our own resources ; and act as though we had no expectations of foreign succours, because we may, for anything that can be known to the contrary, be disappointed, how rational and well-founded soever such expectations may at present appear. If, however, in addition to our own preparations, we should derive any advantage from a declaration of war against the enemy by the king of France, or any other potentate, such coadjutant power will facilitate the final establishment of our independence. But in a work so glorious, and thus far so happily achieved without foreign aid, it will neither be consistent with our honour or safety to be in a condition that will make such assistance necessary.
From the repeated blunders of our enemies in what they vainly imagined a sufficient force to reduce us to vassalage, and the insup- portable disgrace of their arms in the attempt, it is to be presumed that they will be stimulated to prolong the war by indignation and disappointment. And as they may continue it another year without being totally ruined, nor will ever come to their senses till they are, and it is well known to be a profitable job to the principal agents employed in carrying it on, and to a numerous set of dependants, who cannot otherwise be provided for, they will doubtless strain every nerve both at home and abroad to raise and procure as early as possible all the troops they can collect for reducing us to absolute submission. To put ourselves in a proper posture of defence is therefore evidently both our duty and our interest.
1 Presented to the Legislature sitting in Trenton, February llth.
84 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [ 1778
I also lay before you a memorial of Col. Shreve 1 of the second, and Lieutenant-Colonel Brearly - of the fourth New-Jersey regiments. As this memorial is addressed to the Council and Assembly as well as in me, it will of course obtain your consideration. But as it is presented by authority and in behalf of the whole of the troops raised in this state, and I conceive the matters contained in it to be of great im- portance to the army. 1 cannot but recommend it as a matter worthy of your early attention to remedy the evils complained of.
I am now to request your attention to a very solemn act of Congress of the 8th of January, for suspending the embarkation of Lieutenant- General Burgoyne and the troops under his command, till a distinct and explicit ratification of the Convention of Saratoga shall be prop- erly notified by the Court of Great-Britain to Congress. The reasons for adopting this measure are set forth at large in the act which I herewith lay before you. As the Congress, after long and mature consideration, judged the measure to be indispensably their duty, and equally justifiable and necessary, they are confident their resolutions will be confirmed by the approbation of all their constituents in these United States, who are most nearly concerned. They conceiving it an act of such solemnity, as to deserve the concurrence of all these States in the union, though they are doubtless competent to the business of ratifying or disapproving any capitulations made by their Generals. I doubt not it will meet w^th your confirmation.
I am further to acquaint you, Gentlemen, that Congress, conceiving it expedient to promote a speedy reformation in the army as well for the purpose of discipline as oaconomy, and the number of officers bein^ already out of all proportion to that of the privates, to avoid further embarrassments in this respect, they have recommended it to the governments of the several states by a resolution of the 31st of De- cember, to suspend filling up any vacancies in their respective regi- ments until they shall hear farther from Congress on the subject.
You will also be pleased to turn your thoughts to a very important resolution of Congress of the 3d of December last, earnestly recom- mending it to the legislative authorities of the respective states, forth- with to enact laws requiring all persons within their respective states who may be possessed of any bills of credit struck under the sanction and authority of the King of Great-Britain on or before the 19th day of April 1775, forthwith to deliver in the same to a commissioner or commissioners for that purpose to be appointed in each county of the respective states, authorising such commissioner or commissioners to give in exchange for any sum so paid in continental money or bills of credit of their respective states, and to declare in the laws so enacted, that all bills of credit under the description above-mentioned, which shall not be so delivered in within such reasonable time as the re- spective states shall for such purpose limit, shall thenceforth become
1 Israel Shreve. For sketch see New Jern<-y Arrliir<s, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 103.
2 David Brearley. For sketch see Neio Jersey Archives, 2d Series. Vol. I., p. 3*J!>.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 85
utterly irredeemable. — A law to this purpose must be so evidently con- ducive at once to abolish the infamous practice of making a difference between what is called the old and the new money, and to increase the value of the continental currency, (under both which views I recommend it to you before I was honoured with the last mentioned resolution of Congress) that I doubt not it will receive your ready approbation. And should such an act be accompanied by a tax at least of £.100,0(10. the effect it will have in supporting the credit of our money, and reducing the price of provisions, cannot but strike the most inconsiderate mind.
I also submit to your consideration a number of most momentous resolutions of Congress of the 20th of December, upon the immediate adoption of which, and the enacting them into a law, the safety of this state appears most intimately to depend, and which I therefore hope will meet with that dispatch, which their importance will appeal- to you to deserve.
Your attention, Gentlemen, is farther solicited by a resolution of Congress of the 15th of January last, accompanied with a letter from the Board of War of the 19th of the same month. — As good steel is an article so indispensably necessary not only for the purposes of war, but those of internal husbandry, and it is said that the Andover 1 iron is better suited to this business than any other in America, I doubt not you will readily comply with the expectations of the Congress in this respect.
I cannot upon this occasion help remarking that as no articles what- soever can with less difficulty be dispensed with in military operations than iron and steel, you will find upon the slightest recollection, that none of our citizens are more generally disaffected than those who are interested or employed in the manufacturing of iron. A strong presumption that the enemy has been particularly industrious in cor- rupting these men, with a view to distress us in a most essential point. And as I suppose one of the first things that will engage your atten- tion will he the confiscation of the estates of our internal enemies, recommended to you at the last sitting, this requisition may be carried into execution by the general bill of forfeitures.
From the difficulty of having recourse to the number of separate acts into which our military code is already branched, I would recom- mend to you a revision of all our military laws,2 and to have them comprised in one. In forming this digest, I hope the procuring of substitutes, of which we have experienced the fatal consequences, and which must at last inevitably ruin our militia, will be repealed.
1 For sketch of Andover Iron Works see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series. Vol. I., p. 388.
- This recommendation was the first of a long series, suggested from time to time by various governors. In such confusion were the statutes regulating the militia that as late as March 24th. 1778, the Legislature passed "A supplementary act to an act entitled 'An act to explain and amend an act entitled "An act for the better regulating the militia and • the supplemental act thereto." ' "
86 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
In lieu of calling out the militia to be statedly posted in such parts of the state as are more particularly exposed to the incursions of the enemy, I would recommend a plan both more effectual against hostile irruptions, and attended with much less expence to the public.
I would propose two state regiments properly officered, and by the best officers, to be raised for a year, and not liable to be called out of it, except by the authority appointed to call out the militia. As these corps would be better disciplined than the common militia, they would of consequence be better troops, and more formidable to the enemy. — The time that is at present lost by the militia's going from and returning home in their monthly tours, would be saved. The posts to be occupied by them would not be vacant, till there was reason for wholly quitting them, as it now frequently happens (in great measure ) by the monthly reliefs. The bounty which is now paid monthly in addition to the continental pay, would in all probability raise the regiment for a year. Such men as could best be spared from home would be most likely to enter into the service, and the more industrious farmer remain at his husbandry, except in case of an actual invasion. The disorders and depredations so often committed by the militia on the property of their fellow citizens, which is principally to be im- puted to the connivance of such worthless officers by whom they are sometimes commanded, MB have not the spirit to maintain a proper subordination, would be prevented. The superiority of this plan to our present practice of harassing the husbandman in a state subsisting by agriculture, needs I think to be mentioned, in order to be approved.
I would moreover recommend to you, Gentlemen, the passing a law which I recommended to the former assembly in September last, to enable every obligor or debtor whose creditor is removed out of the state, or cannot be found in it, or who refuses to receive the debt when tendered, to pay the same into the treasury for his use, and to be thereupon discharged from the sum so paid, and all the interest thereafter accruing, or to be discharged from the principal and interest in such other manner, without paying the sum into the treasury as the legislature shall think most proper.
As there is great reason to apprehend that a considerable part of many of the personal estates which are forfeited in consequence of an act, entitled, "An Act of free and general pardon, and for other pur- poses therein mentioned," is secreted and concealed from the commis- sioners by the said act appointed, it appears highly necessary for the more effectually attaining the valuable ends thereby intended, to pass a law for authorising the commissioners to compel the appearance of persons suspected of concealing such effects, or of being indebted to the delinquent, and to examine them as well as other witnesses upon oath, with proper penalties for such concealment, and adequate rewards to induce a discovery. A law to this purpose will save the state many thousand pounds, which will otherwise be lost through the fraudulent practices of the friends and agents of the offenders, whose personal estates are by the said act declared forfeited.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 87
The militia posted along such of our frontiers from which the dis- affected among us carry on. a commercial intercourse with the enemy, frequently seize the commodities so carried, or the merchandize brought back in exchange for them, and appropriate them to their own use. This being altogether illegal, cannot be countenanced by government, and the militia being thus judges in their own case, and immediately interested in condemning as prize the booty they take, are under strong temptations to plunder under that pretext persons near the enemy's lines who have no intention of conveying in to them the effects they are transporting. If on the other hand they are restrained from confiscating the provisions or other effects actually designed to be conveyed to the enemy, or the return cargo bartered for them, con- sidering the additional service and hazard in making such seizures, they will not make them at all ; and thus this pernicious traffic will be carried on without interruption. I would therefore recommend to your consideration a law authorizing the militia, or any other persons, to seize all effects suspected to be carrying to or coming from the enemy, and to have them properly inventoried and secured till the person from whom they are taken shall be legally tried ; and if con- victed of the offence, to be appropriated to the person who seized them as part of the punishment to be inflicted upon the delinquent, but if acquitted, to be restored to the owner. — This will be both an en- couragement to make such seizures, and oblige the person making them to bring the criminal to justice, without whose conviction he cannot be entitled to the property, at the same time that it will prevent the lawless and indiscriminate violation of private property, under the specious pretence of an illicit correspondence.
Considering the sufferings of such of our militia as have been made prisoners by the enemy, I doubt not you will see the necessity of ap- pointing a state commissary to supply them with provisions and such other necessaries as they may want.
Gentlemen,
We are now arrived at a very important crisis of the contest. The next campaign will probably terminate in something very decisive. Considering the natural strength of America, and the reason we have from the justice of our cause to depend upon the Divine Interposition in our behalf, it will be our own fault, if it does not terminate in our favour. Our constituents expect our most strenuous efforts — and I trust your patriotism will not suffer them to be disappointed.
WIL. LIVINGSTON.
Trenton, Feb. 1C, 1778.
88 XK\V .1 F.RSKY IX THE REVOIA'TIOX. [1778
For Hie XEW-JERSEY GAZETTE. FRIENDLY HIXTS TO THOSE IN AUTHORITY.
As it is the honour, the highest honour, that can be conferred upon mortals, to be the legislative Representatives of a free people, so it is the happiness and uualienable privilege of every constituent, to suggest to their consideration such things as tend to promote the interest of his country. Hints from the unskilful have often been improved by those of more inlarged understandings for the subserviency of the most important purposes. — The desires of all in authority, whether legislative or executive, must be so perfectly interested in the public weal, that every suggestion to secure and advance the same, and to prevent or correct whatever may be detrimental hereto, will be received by them with the highest pleasure. My pen shall ever be guarded with propriety, decency and a proper respect to all in authority. But if any of my hints at any time seem unwise or unseasonable, let them be treated with that neglect which they deserve ; if otherwise, I have the fullest confidence in the integrity, wisdom and zeal of those in authority, that they will apply and improve them for the public good.
As the highly respecte^ Legislature of this State is now sitting, I shall address myself at present to you. And while honour is the guardian of my pen, general utility my chief end, and the love of my country my only motive, I may indulge myself with the assurance you will condescend to hear me. as I intend neither to occupy a large space in your news-paper, nor impose on your patience.
I. Let none of our honourable Legislators entertain the thought that they are assembled only to hurry up some acts, and in a few days return home. A Legislator is an august an important character, and cannot be supported with dignity by hurrying over his duties in a des- ultory manner. — Our government is but young, and therefore many new laws to enact, and old ones to amend ; all which require time, 'and a patient and diligent application to business. The State is now suffering through want of some new laws and the amendment of others : Hence many of your constituents have expressed themselves with sur- prize, at your now sitting constantly this winter, so that having gone thro' the business of the State, you might have been at home in the spring. But if you choose to sit rather in the vernal season, it is well ; and sure I am you cannot do your duty to your country, or faithfully discharge the obligations resulting from the acceptance of your delega- tion, if you do not. In the present conjuncture of affairs, the Assembly ought to sit a great part of their time. The absolutely necessary business of the State cannot be well done without it. Wherefore when you accept of the appointment of your countrymen to be Legislators, you should consider you are obliged to leave your families and private affairs for a considerable part of the year. And if you cannot do this, and patiently give the most of your time to the public business of your country, you ought in all good conscience not to have suffered your- selves to have been elected. — Further, be pleased to be careful you allow
177* I XKWSPAL'KK EXTRACTS. 89
none of your members to be absent but upon reasons of the greatest importance. Yea, as you are delegated by the people, and their ser- vants, tho' most honourable ones, if any of you absent yourselves from the business of your delegation, it should ever be for such reasons as you would not be ashamed your constituents should know them. — I will not harrow up the conscience, nor put propriety to the blush, by men- tioning reasons accepted by the House, for granting leave of absence to their members, in hopes, it is said, of a reciprocal indulgence.
II. Be entreated not to spend your important time in disputing the distinct privileges, or determining with mathematical exactness, the peculiar rights of each house. Altho' one house is called the Council and the other the General Assembly, yet it is not as formerly, the one appointed by the crown and the other by the people. We are no longer under the British constitution, which is neither monarchy, aristrocracy, nor democracy, but an absurd collection of contradictory and jarring qualities from all three. In it the crown is ever endeavouring to make inroads on the rights of the people, and the people choose once in seven years, six or seven hundred men to limit its power and keep the pre- rogative within some bounds. So that the British constitution is founded in an eternal struggle or war between the rights of humanity, and the proud ambitious claims of a creature called a king. Perhaps this influenced Mr. Hobbes, a shrewd philosopher, an admirer of this strange constitution, and a great friend to prerogative, to fancy that "moral obligation was founded in contest or war." And the English now act in conformity to his philosophy and their own constitution, fully demonstrating by their sanguinary measures, that right is only to be determined by might. Nothing ever maintained peace in the British empire but foreign wars. If they were at peace with their neighbouring nations, they were always sure to be embroiled in a civil war at home. I defy any person to point out from the English history, their enjoying a peace with other nations of any considerable con- tinuance, that was not interrupted with domestic discord, and the shedding of blood among themselves. Why should the English be more incident to quarrels than any other nation? The matter is easily accounted for. It arises from the very constitution of their govern- ment. It is founded in contention, and contention, war and bloodshed, have always proceeded from it, as streams from a fountain, and always will proceed from it as long as it exists. Therefore I congratulate you, O happy Americans* on your deliverance from so irrational, so ridicu- lous and so bloody a form of government ! Our Legislators I hope will ever remember, that both houses are creatures of the people, and cannot possibly, virtue and honour being preserved, "have jarring or different interests ; wherefore all disputes between you about privilege and prerogative are mere logomachies. And I have too high an opinion of your honesty and understanding to indulge the disagreeable idea that you will at all waste your time about matters absolutely nugatory.
AN ELECTOR.
90 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
TRENTON, March 4.
To tllC INHABITANTS of NEW-JERSEY.
Gentlemen,,
CONSIDERING the noble ardor which this state has uni- formly manifested in the common cause, I am confident that our virtuous Farmers will take a particular pleasure;1 in complying with his Excellency the General's request, They will disdain in the close of our struggle to sully the honour which New-Jersey has deservedly acquired by affording all possible aid during the whole contest. 'Tis hoped the next campaign will make the enemy repent their execrable purpose of enslaving a free people; and teach even British stupidity, wisdom. For liberty's sake, Gentlemen, let not our expectations of this cam- paign be disappointed for want of the supplies we can so easily furnish. I know you will exert yourselves, and want neither arguments to convince, nor exhortations to rouse you. Your country calls ; and to the call of your country you were never deaf.
WIL. LIVINGSTON.
Trenton, 25 Feb. 1778.
We learn from a New- York paper of the 19th of Feb- ruary, that the Hessian Lieutenant-General Philip De Heister, died at Cassel, in Germany, on the 19th of November last, in the sixty-first year of his age. His death was occasioned by an inflamation in his lungs, which carried him off in four days.
On Wednesday last the enemy landed about 3000 men at Billingsfort, and marched down the road towards Salem, and on intelligence received that another body intended to land at Cooper's ferry,2 in order to siirprize General Wayne (who had lately landed in New-Jersey
1 See p. 75, ante.
- Now the northern part of the city of Camden.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 91
with 500 of the Continental Troops) and Col. Ellis, who commanded a detachment of the Jersey Militia at Had- donfield, our troops not being sufficient to make a stand, it was thought most adviseable to move towards Moores- Town, to prevent being surrounded, which was accord- ingly done a few hours before the enemy landed about 1500 men agreeable to the intelligence received, and inarched to Haddonfield early in the morning of the 26th. Upon this our men marched to Mount-Holly to wait for reinforcements. — The Governor upon receiving the above intelligence, ordered out a proper number of the Militia to join those under Col. Ellis, who are now collecting with great alacrity, and unless the enemy retire before they are attacked by the united vigour of General Wayne's Troops and our Militia, we doubt not they will repent their rash visit to this1 State. — Last Friday Brigadier General Count Polaski, of the Cavalry, left this place1 with a body of horse in excellent order, to join the Continental Troops under General Wayne, and who from the former exhibitions of his valour and alertness, will give a good account of the enemy's horse, if they do not deprive him of that pleasure by a precipitate flight.2 About ten days ago a report was spread in this town, that a party of the enemy had penetrated into Bucks County as far as Newtown. The intelligence reached this place in the afternoon, and in the evening a re- spectable number of Militia were assembled at the dif- ferent ferries. The next morning a party was preparing to cross the river in quest of the enemy, when intelligence was received that they were returned to Philadelphia, having plundered many of the inhabitants, and carried off with, them two coach loads of lumber from the house of Joseph Galloway, Esquire, Superintendent-General in Philadelphia.
1 Trenton.
2 One of a series of predatory raids in West Jersey undertaken by the British during their occupancy of Philadelphia.
11^ NEW JKUSKY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
His Excellency the Governor has thought proper to station strong guards of .Militia at the several ferries on Delaware, and many others are in readiness at a moments warning to fly to the aid of their brethren in Bucks County, should another plundering party shew them- selves in that quarter.
On the 15th ult. at night the house of Asher Mott, on liovle's1 island near this place*, by accident took fire, and was entirely consumed. The family providentially es- caped, with saving only a. small part of their wearing apparel.
To all whom it may concern.
\e\v- Jersey, NOTICE is hereby given, that a Court of fs. Admiralty will be held at the house of
Renselaer Williams,* in Trenton, on Monday the 23d day of March instant, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, then and ih ere to try the truth of the facts alledged in the bills of Joseph Wade, commander of the armed boat called the Fame, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Duck, and the sloop or vessel called the Betsy, with their respective tackle, apparel, furni- ture and cargoes, lately captured by the said Joseph Wade, and Capt. Martin Wert, commander of the armed sloop Arnold. To the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said sloops respectively, or any person or persons concerned therein, may appear and shew cause, if any they have, why the said sloops or vessels and their respective cargoes, should not be condemned according to the prayer of the said bills.
By order of the Judge, March 3d, 1778. B. REED,, Pro. Reg.
3 Biles.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 93
James and Alexander Stewart
Have for SALE, in Hackett's-Town, Sussex county, New-Jersey,
A Large quantity of PAINTS, viz. Spanish brown, red lead, white lead, yellow oker and mahogany colours; glass 6 by 8 and 8 by 10 ; muscovado sugar at 6s. per Ib. by the hogshead, or 6s6 by the barrel, best white clay'd do. at 9s. by the hogshead or barrel, second ditto at 8s6. third ditto at 8s.
N. B. They give 3s9. per Ib. for BEES-WAX.
BOND and PAIN, Have for sale at their Store in Morristoivn,
BEST bohea tea;, Muscovado sugar, spices of different kinds ; a quantity of Dutch linen by the piece or yard, black and coloured Barcelona handkerchiefs by the dozen, black and coloured ribbons, with a variety of other articles too tedious to enumerate.
N. B. Said Bond and Pain make great allowance to those who buy to sell again ; and would be willing to take country produce in barter.
Moms-Town, Feb. 21, 1778.
ANY person properly recommended who understands the business of a Riding-Chair Maker, and would be willing to act in the capacity of a Journeyman, may meet with good encouragement by applying to Frederick King at the Post-Office in Morris-Town, who carries on the; business.
Said King would also be willing to take a young lad of a good character as an apprentice.
94 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Trenioh, February 28, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
AN extraordinary good, strong, and very handsome one horse CHAISE, elegantly painted, with an iron axle, steel springs, and leather fall-back head, gears, &c. Enquire of Dtlr. B. Smith, saddler, opposite Mr. Williams's tavern.
]ST. B. A pair of good strong horses wanted to buy; and a few horses to sell. Enquire as above.
March 4, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
SEVERAL Tracts «of valuable LAND; one lying situate at the east head of Musconetcung river, in New-Jersey, about thirty-five miles from Elizabeth-Town and four from Suckasunney Plains, containing about three thou- sand acres, having on it a large forge with four fires and two hammers, a grist mill and saw mill on one of the best streams in America, with eighty acres of choice meadow and many valuable buildings on the same all in good order, which is now under lease for eight and a half tons of bar iron per annum, it will be sold together or separate. Also another tract lying situate on the said river, known by the name of Squire's Point, about fifteen miles from Eaeton on the river Delaware, con- taining about one thousand eight hundred acres, having on it an old forge and a very good grist mill, a dwelling- house and barn, all in good order. Also another tract lying situate about fifty miles from Esapus, containing about nine thousand acres. Also another tract lying situate on Otter Creek, choice good land, containing about four thousand acres. Also a large parcel of cattle,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 95
sheep, and hogs, and a large quantity of farming utensils too tedious to mention. Also a phaeton and a pair of neat horses, chair and sulky, a fine English stallion and several breeding mares. All those that haye demands to bring in their accounts, and they will be adjusted; and those that are indebted to me either by bond, note, or book accounts, are requested to discharge the same imme- diately, as I intend to remove to West-Florida, chief of my family being now there. Any person or persons by applying to the subscriber for any of the above articles or land, may purchase as they can agree for Continental Money or credit, with giving bonds and good security, by
GAKRET RAPALJE. TO BE SOLD,
A quantity of excellent
LOAF SUGAR,
By George Wilson, jun.
Near Kingston, about two miles and a half from Princeton.
March 3, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
BY Public Vendue, at the house of Thomas Leland and Company, in Allentown, on Thursday the 12th instant. (March) viz. A variety of merchandize, among which are the following articles; thirty-two dozen hemp stock- ings, fifteen pieces pistol lawns, four pieces Holland, a large quantity of country-made linens, white drillings,' checks, cambrick, lawn, Barcelona handkerchiefs^ printed linen, ivory combs, binding, with a variety of other goods too tedious to insert; also a beautiful stallion rising five
96 XEW JEKSKY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
years old, got by Northumberland out of a noted fine mare. Also two fine mares with foal by the best blooded horses; a horse and chair, and many other articles.
The vendue to begin at 10 o'clock. Attendance will be given, and the conditions made known by
THOMAS LELAND «fe CO.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of JANE COMMAXS, deceased, of Trenton, whether by bond, note or book ac- counts, are desired to come and make payment by the l.",ih of April next: All those, likewise, who have any de- mands against said estate, are requested to bring in their accounts, properly attested, that they may be settled, by me.
JOSEPH GREEN, administrator.
Feb. 27, 1778.
— New-Jersey Gazette, No. 14, Mar. 4, 1778.
Copy of a letter from gen. sir William Howe, to lord George Germain, dated Philadelphia, October 25, 1777.
My lord,
The enemy having intrenched about eight hundred men at Red bank, upon the Jersey shore, some little distance above Fort island, col. Donop, with three battalions of Hessian grenadiers, the regiment of Mirbach, and the infantry chasseurs, crossed the Delaware on the twenty- first instant to Cooper's ferry, opposite to this town, with directions to proceed to the attack of that post. The de- tachment marched apart of the way on the same day, and on the twenty-second in the afternoon was before Red bank. Colonel Donop immediately made the best dispo- sition, and led on the troops in the most gallant manner to the assault. They carried an extensive out-work, from whence the enemy were driven into an interior intrench-
1778] ISKWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 97
ment, which could not be forced without ladders, being eight or nine feet high, with a parapet boarded and f raized. The detachment, in moving up, and returning from the attack, was much galled by the enemy's gallies and floating batteries.
Col. Donop, and lieut. col. MinningeTode, being both wounded, the command devolved upon lieut. col Linsing, who, after collecting all the wounded that could be brought off, marched that night about five miles towards Cooper's ferry, and on the following morning returned with the detachment to camp.
Col. Donop unfortunately had his thigh so much frac- tured by a musquet ball, that he could not be removed, but I since understand there are some hopes of his re- covery. There were several brave officers lost upon this occasion, in which the utmost ardor and courage were displayed by both officers and soldiers.
On the twenty-third the Augusta, in coming up the river, with some other ships of war, to engage the enemy's gallies, near the fort, got aground, and by some accident taking fire in the action, was unavoidably consumed ; but 1 do not hear there were any lives lost. The Merlin sloop also grounded, and the other ships being obliged to remove at a distance from the explosion of the Augusta, it became expedient to evacuate and burn her also.
These disappointments however will not prevent the most vigorous measures being pursued for the reduction of the fort, which will give us the passage of the river. I have the honor to be, &c. W. HOWE.1
— The Pennsylvania Evening Post, March 6, 1778.
:NTew-York, March 9. On the 28th ult. a Party of his Majesty's Light-Horse from, the Royal Army at Phila- delphia, took near Coryell's Ferry,2 127 Bullocks, that
1 For accounts of this battle see "Defense of Fort Mercer," A. W. Hes- ton, and "New Jersey as a Colony and as a State," Vol. II., p. 189 et seq. - Lambertvllle.
98 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
were going to the Rebel Army under the Care of Cap!. Samuel Dunham, and his two Sons; who were made Prisoners, and a fourth Person of the Dunham Family, was wounded, but made his Escape, and got safe home to Woodbridge. — New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, March 9, 1778.
To the PRINTER of the XEW-JERSEY GAZETTE.
SIR,
HAVING been informed that a new bill is under consideration for a general limitation of prices, I would, with all due deference, suggest a few hints on the subject. That trade can best regulate it's own prices, is a maxim so universally subscribed to, that the wisest legis- lators have seldom ventured to interfere with or control it in this respect. Extraordinary conjunctures may, however, happen in which the interference of the legislature may be proper : But whenever such a conjuncture does happen*, it is an infallible symptom that there is some radical disorder in the police of the State, or that it is violently acted upon by external circumstances. The disease, whether arising from one or the other, or a complication of both of these, may have nearly the same appearances and effects, but may require very different remedies. We should therefore, with great care and attention, enquire into the causes and seat of the disease, in order to know and apply the proper remedy. The limitation of prices by law, may be likened to an outward application in a fever ; it is a temporary expedient that may give some check to the disorder, till the more slowly-operating internal applications can have their proper effect. At the same time it is an expedient fraught with so many dangers, that few situations will justify the use of it ; and when it is used, it should be so tempered and modified that every order or class of men in the community may partake of the advantages and disadvantages arising from it as equally as possible. Whatever differences are made, — and it is impossible to avoid making some — •, should be in favour of the production of such articles as are of absolute necessity, such as provisions, cloathing, iron, &c. and against those of mere conveniency and luxury, such as rum, sugar, tea, spices, &c. And in order to find out how to proportionate limitations duly, it may be necessary to have recourse to calculation.
By the law lately passed for regulating prices,1 the legislature seem to have aimed at fixing most of the articles of internal produce at
1 This act was passed at Princeton, December llth, 1777. In June and October, 1778, the operation of the act was suspended, unless the Legis- latures of New York, Pennsylvania and Delaware agree to carry Into effect the regulation of prices agreed upon In the New Haven convention.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 99
double the former prices. This may perhaps be a proper standard for some articles ; but when the matter is fairly considered, it will be found that the same reasons which require the prices of some things to be doubled, will call for a smaller advance 011 some others, and on others again a much greater : Of the latter kind are such articles as derive their value chiefly from labour, and require the use of some commodity either imported from abroad, or which, from it's scarcity, cannot be obtained but at a very high price. To explain my meaning I shall subjoin a few calculations.
I. As to farmers. Let us suppose a farm, the annual produce of which for sale, exclusive of what was necessary for the consumption of such parts of the family as do not labour, would sell in former times for f . 300 00
It is said to be a large allowance, to admit that one half of this value is paid for labour, supposing the whole to be done on hire, 150 00
Annual profit remaining 150 00
Supposing the price of labour to be doubled, the labour on the same
farm will be worth 300 00
The consumption of the family will be the same, and
allow the same annual profit as formerly, 150 00
The extraordinary price of salt may be 15 00
Allow, moreover, the use of as much rum, tea, sugar,
and other luxuries as will cost, extra, 35 00
500 00
The farmer ought therefore to have for his produce on an average now, 5s. for what he would formerly have sold for 3s. or Is8 now for Is. formerly.
II. As to labourers. Let us suppose a labourer, finding his own provisions and cloathing, formerly earned per
annum, 45 00
That his provisions cost him 20 00
And his cloathing 10 00
Profit toward the maintenance of a family. ... 15 00
45 00
Provisions at double price will be 40 00
Cloathing will cost at least three times the old price. .. 30 00
His profit for the use of his family ought to be at least doubled as they must purchase all they consume 30 00
£.100 00
100 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
His wages therefore ought to be increased to 10s. for every 4s<3 he would formerly have received ; or Is8 now for 9d. formerly.
The same proportion will be requisite for mechanicks. handicrafts- men, lawyers, clerks, &c. so far as their several productions derive their value from labour ; making the proper addition or deduction for what the prices of their respective materials may exceed or fall short of that proportion.
It will be observed that I have stated the price of labour at double the former prices to the farmer, though I have shewn it must cost more to others ; and that I have stated provisions at double to la- bourers, &c. though I have said the farmer ought to sell them at a lower rate. A little reflection will justify these diversities. As to the first, the farmer having the advantage of feeding ; and, in a great measure, cloathing and paying his labourers from his own produce without purchase, (to say nothing of the advantage he may derive from the labour of his children and servants) can always procure labour at a much cheaper rate than a person of any other class. And as to the second. — Suppose the prices of the common articles of pro- visions should be fixed at the rate of 5s. now, for 3s. formerly, as above stated, if we make but a small allowance for the extraordinary prices of salt, sugar, tea, rum, &c.- — and some of these they must and will use as well as their neighbours, — we shall find the average price of provisions to labourers, mechanicks, &c. will not be less than doubled. I have heard it remarked that a great majority of the mem- bers of the legislature being farmers, their limitations are calculated greatly in favour of that class of men. If there is any truth in the remark, I am persuaded it must arise from their want of proper in- formation, as I cannot suppose they would designedly oppress others for their own emolument. As faithful representatives of the people, I should suppose they would be particularly watchful that no just ground should be given for a suspicion of this kind.
III. As to the importation of goods from Europe. Some of this business is yet necessary, and therefore good policy requires that we should encourage it. A person acquainted with trade has furnished me with the following estimate on that head.
Suppose goods purchased in Europe to the amount of, first cost,
100 00
Freight and shipping charges, say 10 00
Premium at 50 per cent, and insurance made so as to be made whole in case of loss, there must be 220f. insured,
which will cost.. 110 00
Sterling 220 00 Exchange 300 per cent 060 00
The goods delivered here will cost the importer 880 00
Allow as a profit to encourage trade 15 per cent 132 00
f . 1012 00
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 101
They must therefore be sold at the rate of more than 10s. here for Is. sterling of the prime cost in Europe ; and if the goods are coarse and bulky, the freight alone will be worth more than 10 per cent, on the first cost.
IV. As to iron and steel : I know so little of the expences and difficulties attending the production of these articles, that I am not possessed of sufficient data to make a proper estimate. But they are already become scarce, notwithstanding the high prices they have borne for some time past ; and I conceive them to be so absolutely necessary, as well for the use of the army as for the purposes of husbandry and other domestick business, that I wish to see this branch of business so far encouraged as to ensure a competent supply. I would there- fore, if I may be permitted without being charged with presumption, recommend it to the legislature, before they fix a limitation to the prices of these articles, to consult with some honest men skilled in the production of them, — and surely some such may be found notwithstand- ing the hint in a late publication,- — and if they should think proper to fix any limitation at all, to make it such as will not defeat its own purpose.
RATIONALIS.
TRENTON, March 11.
A cat-respondent desires us to insert the following:
After Gen. Howe's pathetic complaint to the British ministry that Gen. Washington would not leave the mountain at Middlebrook to fight him in a manner most advantageous to his Majesty's service, it seems rather ungenerous in this English Commander (who ought cer- tainly to do as he would be done by) that his troops in their late irruption into this State, not only refused to fight us as we thought most for our advantage, but what is infinitely worse refused to fight us at all, merely because they thought that any fighting would have been to our advantage. After a most pompous parade in landing in two several divisions to the great terror of the horned cattle, and the no small peril of some undefended stacks of hay, they marched into Haddonfield with above two thousand men, when they knew we had not above a quarter of that number in arms in that part of the country. Gen. Wayne the mean-while secured and sent to camp all the cattle and horses they came to steal, and to elude their search, artfully attracted their attention towards the river by setting fire to such part of the forage as lay on its borders. Though they knew our inferiority of number, our attacking them with a few light horse at Haddonfield, under the command of Brigadier-General Count Pulaski, made their fears get the better of their knowledge, as well as of their courage, and happiest was the Briton who had the longest legs and the
102 NEW JERSEY IX THE KEVOI.UTION. [IT 78
nimblest heels. Leaving bag and baggage, they retreated precipitately to Cooper's Ferry. There Count Pulaski charged among the thickest, and when they found that he was surrounded by them, by his having rushed into the middle of them, they plucked up courage enough to pursue what they were certain of never overtaking ; but our militia lying in their way, and giving them a few of their last winter, still remembered New-Jersey, blasts, they fled ten times as fast from the militia, as they pursued after the Count, who being determined the next morning to push them into the Delaware, behold they had re-crossed to Philadelphia, and left him the mortification to parade on the banks without the satisfaction of an enemy to fight. And thus endeth the first lesson of their expedition into this State, (since they were ignominiously driven out of it last summer) without the cattle or forage they wanted ; and with several killed, and about one hundred wounded, which, I presume, they wanted not. And if the British horse take it in their heads to desert as fast for want of provender, as their men have lately done for want of fresh provisions, I suppose the Emperor of Persia, will be subsidized for cavalry, as the Prince of Hesse is for infantry. And yet I would lay two to one that this same contemptible manoeuvre, properly dished up by the loyal and the royal
typographical cooks in New-York, with a little of parson I 's
political theology by way $f garnish, will make as luminous a figure in the London Gazette, as have done any of its ridiculous predecessors of nonsensical memory ; it being the curse of heaven upon an aban- doned nation that it shall be deluded till it is destroyed.1
"The public has been already informed of the death of Elizabeth Shipley, of Wilmington, but a circumstance relating thereto is a secret (perhaps) except to a few. On her death bed, as well as during her better state of health, she was much affected with the calamity that this country now labours under, from the cruel oppression of the king and parliament of England ; but a ray of that light by which the soul can look into the future events springing up in her, she was com- forted, and with godly confidence declared', That this country should not be conquered by Great-Britain. — This she uttered with such solem- nity that it commanded the particular notice of all who heard her, and is now made public for the encouragement of every well-wisher to the freedom and liberties of America. Every one who had an opportunity of knowing this great and good woman, whether they be Whig or Tory, will be inclined to give credit to her prophecy, and for the sake of all such as knew her not, they are now informed that she was a woman eminently endowed with knowledge both natural and divine." 2
1 This sketch suggests the pen of Governor Livingston.
2 This story had wide circulation throughout the army.
1TTS] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 103
January 26, 1778.
TO BE SOLD By WILLIAM RICHARDS at LAM- EERTON, half a Mile below Trenton, An ASSORTMENT of MEDICINES, and SPRING LANCETS, SWEET OIL of the best Kind, MUSTARD, CHALK, and HAIK-POWDER.
Post-Office, Morris-Tmun, March 2, 1778.
THIS is to inform the Publick, that the POST sets off from Fish-Kill on Thursdays, and arrives here on Satur- days about 7 or 8 o'clock in the morning, and then the Mail is immediately dispatched for Easton ; and in about two or three hours after a Mail is made up and dispatched for the Post-Office at Fish-Kill. The Post returns with a Mail from Easton to this Office on Monday evening.
TO BE SOLD, And may be entered on the first of April next,
A PLANTATION, containing 95 acres of land, in the county of Middlesex, ^New-Jersey; 8 acres of which is excellent English meadow, about 50 acres of good wheat land, and the remainder in good timber. There is on the premises a convenient dwelling-house, kitchen and barn, a black-smith's shop, and several other con- veniences. The whole in good repair. For terms apply to Joseph Potts in, Cranberry, or the subscriber on the premises.
South-Amboy, ^
SAMUEL POTTS.
Middlesex Co. March 6, 1778. J
104: NEW JERSEY IN" THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Morris-Town, Morris County., Feb. 23, 1778.
%
THE present precariousness and situation of publick as well as private affairs, oblige the Subscribers, auditors appointed by the Court, of the suit of Thomas Coe, Plaintiff, against William Demayne, Defendant, late of Morris County, absconded, earnestly to call upon those who are indebted to said estate, to make payment by the 16th of next month, or they will be under the necessity of putting their bonds, accounts, &c. in the hands of an Attorney for prosecution; and those who have any de- mands against the same, to exhibit them for settlement.
JOSEPH WOOD, ^
JOSHUA LAMBERT, V Auditors. RICHARD JOHNSON, )
Bow-Hill, February 26th, 1778.
TO BE SOLD
At PUBLIC SALE, for ready Money
AT the dwelling-house of the subscriber, at Bow-Hill Farm1 near Trenton, on Friday the 13th of March, sundry handsome blooded horses, mares and colts; also some horned cattle and sheep. They are all in good order, and are only sold on account of the owner's not having suffi- cient fodder for keeping them until next grass. The sale
to begin at eleven o'clock in the forenoon. Those
gentlemen who choose to be well mounted, will then have an opportunity of supplying themselves.
HANDLE MITCHELL.
--New-Jersey Gazette, No. 15, Mar. 11, 1778.
1 Probably the same farm, subsequently purchased at the close of the Revolution by the wealthy merchant, Barnt De Klyn, and by him rented to Joseph Bonaparte. ex-King of Spain. It was at Bow Hill that Annette Savage resided, famous for her liaison with Joseph. See "Historic Houses of New Jersey," p. 277. W. Jay Mills.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 105
From the London Gazette Extraordinary
Admiralty-Office, January 8, 1778. The following is an Extract of a Letter received last night by the Eagle-Packet, from the Vice Admiral Lord \7isconnt Howe, Commander in Chief of his Majesty's ships and vessels in ]STorth- America, to which Mr. Stephens, dated on board his Majesty's ship the Eagle, in the Delaware, the 23d of November, 1777.
Eagle, Delaware, Nov. 23, 1777. SIR,
The General advising me of his intention to send a packet imme- diately to England, I avail myself of the opportunity to acquaint you, for the information of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, respecting the progress of the military services in which the ships of war have been concerned, since the date of my last letter of the 25th of October.
I mentioned in that letter the preparations making for the attack meditated on the works the rebels had constructed on either shore, for preventing an open communication by water, with the army at Phila- delphia, on which it was obvious to them that the farther operations of the campaign would greatly depend.
The wind still continuing to prevent the Vigilant from passing to the rear of the enemy's works on Fort Island, by the only channel prac- ticable for that purpose, the opportunity was taken by the King's forces, and by the enemy with equal assiduity, to strengthen the prepa- rations judged expedient on either part for the proposed attack.
The officers and seamen of the ships of war and transports were employed in the meantime, with unremitting fatigue and perseverance, to convey provisions, artillery and stores to the Schuykill, between Fort Island and the Pennsylvania shore ; six twenty four pounders from the Eagle, and four thirty two pounders from the Somerset, transported in the same manner, with the requisite proportions of ammunition, were mounted in the batteries erected by the General's appointment on Province-Island.
The wind becoming favourable the 15th instant, the first occasion was taken for ordering the ships upon the intended service.
The Somerset and Isis were appointed to proceed up the Eastern channel of the river, to act against the fort in front. The Roebuck. Pearl, and Liverpool, with the Cornwallis galley, and some smaller armed vessels, against a battery with heavy artillery which the rebels had lately opened on a point above, and near to Manto1 -Creek, in a situation to rake the ships anchored to fire upon the fort, and more advantageously chosen, as the shoalness of the water did not admit ships to approach within a desirable distance of the work.
1 Mantua.
106 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
The Vigilant, with a hulk mounting 3 eighteen pounders, commanded by Lieutenant Botham of the Eagle, proceeded at the same time through the channel round Hog-Island, and anchored on that side the fort, according to the intention pointed out for co-operating with the batteries on the Pennsylvania shore.
The Isis, being as well placed in the Eastern channel as the circum- stances of the navigation would permit, rendered very essential service against the forts and gallies, much to the personal honour of Captain Cornwallis, and credit of the discipline in his ship. The Roebuck and other frigates stationed against the battery, were equally well con- ducted.
Greater caution being necessary in placing the Somerset, that ship could not be carried as far up the channel as the Isis was advanced.
The impression made by the batteries on Province Island (before very considerable) being united with the well directed efforts from the Vigilant and Hulk, soon silenced the artillery of the fort ; and farther preparations being in progress for opening the estocade, and forcing the works next morning, the enemy set fire to and evacuated the fort during the night.
The number of the enemy killed and wounded appeared to have been very considerable. Those in the different ships, as stated in the an- nexed return, were muqh less than could be supposed, particularly of the Isis and Roebuck, which were struck many times from the gallies and works.
As a farther evidence to their Lordships of the meritorious conduct of the several officers therein named, I have added the General's con- curring sentiments signified to me on the occasion. Capt Duncan re- mained several weeks with the army, to superintend the different nautic services and preparations before mentioned.
A detachment from the army under the command of Lord Corn- wallis, having been landed the 18th at Billingsport (where a post had been sonle time before established) for attacking the redoubt 'at Red- Bank, the enemy abandoned and blewr up the work. They had passed several of their gallies unperceived above the town of Philadelphia, in the night of the 19th,1 which proved very favourable for the purpose; and attempted to do the same with the rest of the gallies. and other waterforce, the following night : but being seasonably discovered, they were opposed with so much effect by Lieutenant Watt of the Roebuck (ordered by Captain Hammond, before my arrival, to take his station in the Delaware prize, near the town) that not more than three or four of the former appeared to have escaped ; and being otherwise unable to prevent the capture of the rest of their arnvd craft (con- sisting of two zebecques, the two floating batteries, and several ships, besides fire vessels, amounting to about seventeen in number) they were quitted and burnt. Lieutenant Watt having testified great pro- priety and spirit on this occasion, I have continued him in the com- mand of the Delaware, retained as an arm'd ship in the service, to remain near the town of Philadelphia, where such additional naval force is particularly requisite.
1 These gallies were taken to Burlington and Bordentown.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTKACTS. 107
A more accurate ispection of the obstructions to the navigation of the river adjacent to Fort-Island, becoming practicable under the circumstances before mentioned, two channels were discovered thro' which the transports, containing the provisions, stores, and other neces- saries for the army, might proceed to Philadelphia. They were ordered up the river accordingly, to be afterwards secured at the wharfs of the town, for the approaching winter months.
The unfortunate event of Lieutenant-General Burgoyne's operations with the northern army terminating, as I am advised by the Com- mander in Chief, with the surrender of those troops agreeable to the tenor of a convention executed the 16th of last October, has rendered a suitable provision necessary to be made for their conveyance to Europe. A proper number of transports has been appropriated for that occasion. But as it would be scarcely practicable this season of the year for light transports to gain the port of Boston, where the embarkation is conditioned to take place, the transports have been ordered under convoy of the Raisonable to Rhode-Island ; that if the proposed alteration is adopted, and the troops can be embarked at that port, they may be sooner released.
The following are Copies of the Papers referred to in the aforemen- tioned Extract.
Return of the number of men killed and wounded on board the different ships employed in the attack of the works of the enemy on Fort-Island, their armed craft, and other defences erected to obstruct the passage of the river Delaware, on the 15th day of November, 1777.
Somerset. 5 seamen wounded.
Isis 3 seamen wounded.
Roebuck 3 seamen killed, 7 ditto wounded.
Liverpoole. None.
Pearl. 1 master killed, 3 seamen wounded.
Vigilant. 1 midshipman, 1 seaman killed ; lent from the Eagle.
Cornwallis Galley. 1 second master and pilot wounded.
Sloop commanded by Lieut Botham. None.
Total killed 6
wounded 19
25
The following is copy and extract of two letters from the Hon. Gen. Sir William Howe, to Lord George Ger- main.
My Lord, Philadelphia, Nov 28, 1777.
From a variety of difficuties attending the construction of additional batteries, in a morass, against the fort upon Mud-Island, and in the transportation of the guns and stores, they were not opened against the enemy's defences until the 10th instant. On the 15th, the wind
108 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
proving fair, the Vigilant armed ship, carrying- 16 twenty four pounders, and a hulk, with 3 twenty four pounders, got up to the fort through the channel between Province and Hog islands ; these assisted by several ships of war in the eastern channel, as well as by the batteries on shore, did such execution upon the fort and collateral block-houses, that the enemy, dreading an impending assault, evacuated the island in the night between the 15th and 16th, and it was possessed on the 16th, at daybreak, by the grenadiers of the guards. Much commenda- tion is due to Brigadier General Cleaveland, to the officers and men of the corps of artillery, and to the troops in general employed upon this service, attended with great fatigue.
The enemy's fire upon the ships of war, the Vigilant, and Hulk, from two floating batteries, seventeen gallies and armed vessels, and from a battery on the Jersey shore, was exceedingly heavy ; but the gallantry displayed by the naval commanders, their officers and seamen, on this occasion, frustrated all their efforts, and contributed principally to the reduction of the enemy's works. Permit me, at the same time, to report to your Lordship, that the perseverance of the officers and seamen employed in bringing up stores from the fleet, under the con- duct of Capt. Duncan of the Eagle, demand my highest acknowledge- ments ; and that the services they rendered were most essential, and borne with the utmost«chearfulness.
I have the honor to enclose a return, No. 1, of the cannon and stores found in the fort. The enemy's loss during the siege is computed to have been 400 killed and wounded. The loss to the King's troops was only seven killed and five wounded. .
On the 18th at night Lord Cornwallis marched with a corps from camp, and passed the Delaware on the 19th from Chester to Billings- port, where he was joined by Major General Sir Thomas Wilson, with a corps that arrived a few days before from New York under his command, having with him Brigadier Generals Leslie and Pattison.
As soon as the necessary preparations were made, his Lordship pursued his march to attack the enemy entrenched at R«d Bank. Upon his approach, the rebels evacuated the post, and retired to Mount Holly, where they joined a corps of observation, detached from the main army of the rebels, encamped at White Marsh. His Lordship found in the enemy's works cannon, ammunition, and stores as per return, No. 2. The entrenchment being demolished, his corps returned by Gloucester on the 27th, and joined the army in this camp.
The enemy's shipping having no longer any protection, and not finding it advisable to attempt the passage of the river, the channel being commanded by the batteries of the town, and the Delaware frigate, they were quitted, without being dismantled, and burnt on the night between the 20th and 21st ; but the gallies of a smaller draught of water, by keeping close along the Jersey shore, escaped from the great breadth of the river.
A forward movement against the enemy will immediately take place, and I hope will be attended with the success that is due to the spirit and activity of his Majesty's troops.1
1 This "forward movement" never happened.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 109
The passage of the river, by the reduction of the two places afore- mentioned has been sufficiently opened to bring up frigates and trans- ports ; but the removal of the cheveaux de frize is postponed to a nore favourable season.
Major General Sir Thomas Spencer Wilson, having represented the very critical situation of his private concerns in England, has my leave to return, and has taken charge of my dispatches to your Lord- ship, by the Eagle packet.
With the most perfect respect,
I have the honour to be, &c.
W. Howe.
Return of Ordnance and Stores found in Mud-Island Fort, taken from the Rebels by the King's Troops, the 16th of November, 1777.
IRON ORDNANCE
On travelling carriages, 1 thirty two pounder, 1 twenty four pounder, 7 eighteen pounders, 2 unserviceable, 1 twelve pounder, 2 four pounders.
On garrison carriages. 14 eight pounders, 1 unserviceable ; sunk with a scow, of sorts, 10.
SHOT
Round loose. 1475 twenty four pounders, 843 eighteen pounders, 165 twelve pounders, 1100 eight pounders, 16 four pounders.
Barr. 6 thirty-two pounders, 4 twenty four pounders, j.69 eighteen pounders.
Grapequilted. 12 thirty two pounders, 84 eighteen pounders, 20 twelve pounders, 110 eight pounders, 8 four pounders.
Fixed with powder for twelve pounders. 11 case, 9 grape.
Small iron for case. 4 Cwt.
Cartridges paper filled. 65 eight pounders.
Sponges of sorts, 36 Ladles ditto 9 Wadhooks 15
Aprons of lead 9 Linstocks 6 Bridge barrels 2.
Philadelphia, SAMUEL CLEAVELAND
Nov. 18, 1777. Brigadier General commanding
the Royal Artillery
Return of the artillery and military forces found in the fort of Red Bank, the 22d of Nov. 1777.
6 Eighteen pounders, 1 unserviceable ; 3 eighteen pounders mounted on truck carriages, 2 unserviceable ; 2 six pounders mounted on ditto, spiked and unserviceable ; 1 four pounder mounted on ditto, with elevated screw, spiked ; 3 four pounders mounted on ditto, spiked ; 1 three pounder mounted on ditto spiked and unserviceable ; 8 howitzer swivels ; 4 howitzer ditto, carried off by a naval captain ; 3 swivels ;
110 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
1 travelling carriage for eighteen pounders ; 5 truck carriages for ditto ; 1 travelling carriage for nine pounders ; 4 ditto for six pounders ; 3 limbers for ditto.
SHOT
Round. 506 twenty four pounders ; 818 eighteen pounders ; 156 twelve pounders ; 51 nine pounders ; 23 six pounders ; 1301 four pounders ; 173 three pounders ; 20 one pounders ; 32 half pounders.
Bar. 7 twenty-four pounders ; 25 twelve pounders ; 50 nine pounders ; 65 three pounders.
Grape quilted. 14 twelve pounders ; 54 six pounders ; 28 four pounders.
Grape in bags, 24
Box of different nature, 1.
Round shot fixed to wood bottoms 5 twelve pounders ; 6 six pounders ; 6 four pounders; 16 three pounders.
Hand 'grenades, 18
Wadhooks. 1 thirty-two pounder, 1 six pounder.
Sponges. 1 six pounder ; 2 four pounders.
Aprons of lead, 4.
Drag ropes, 3. •
Pikes, 93.
Intrenching tools, 30.
Boxes with ball cartridges, 9.
Cask with musket balls, 1.
Camp at Wood- James Pattison
bury Nov. 23, Commander of the Royal
1777. Artillery in N. America.
— New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, March 16,
1Y78.
BY HIS EXCELLENCY
WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, Esq.
Governor., Captain-General and Commander in Chief in and over the State of New-Jersey, and the Territories thereunto belonging., Chancellor and Ordinary in the same;
A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS this State, ever ready to support the common cause of American Liberty, and to exert its most strenuous efforts against the unnatural enemies thereof, has made ample provision for furnishing
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. Ill
the army of the United States, in a legal and reasonable manner, with all the necessaries it is able to spare, and for impressing carriages and horses for transporting the baggage, provisions and warlike stores of the troops : And whereas it has been represented to me that divers persons acting as deputies in the several departments of Quarter- Master and Commissary for the said army, have been guilty of manifold oppressions, and frequently seized by violence and in deroga- tion of all government, what they might have peaceably procured either by the voluntary consent of the proprietors, or in the mode prescribed by law ; and many of the inhabitants, labouring under the said op- pressions are unacquainted with the extent of the authority under colour of which they are exercised as well as with the proper means for obtaining redress, and may by the continuation thereof abate their zeal for the glorious cause in which they have hitherto exhibited the most laudable ardor. And whereas it is the glory and felicity of this State to preserve its laws inviolate, to restrain all illicit exertions of power not warranted by inevitable necessity, and to protect the persons and property of its loyal citizens from all arbitrary insult and violence, under whatever pretence offered or attempted : And whereas the authority of all persons employed as aforesaid to impress carriages, horses, cattle and drivers, and to purchase provisions for the army in this State, is regulated and circumscribed by two certain acts of assembly, one of which is intitled "An Act to explain the law and "constitution of the State of New-Jersey as to the quartering of, and "furnishing of carriages for the army in the service of the United "States of North America, and for making some further provision for "the same," passed the eleventh day of October last ; and the other intitled, "An Act for regulating and limiting the prices of sundry "articles of produce, manufacture and trade, and to prevent forestalling, "regratiug and engrossing," passed the eleventh day of December last : By the former of which acts any constable, by order of a justice of the peace, upon the application of any commanding officer of any of the troops of the United States, may impress such carriages, draught horses, cattle and drivers as are needed for the transporting the bag- gage, provision or warlike stores of such troops, or any stores or pro- visions belonging to the continental army, provided such carriages, horses, cattle and drivers are not detained in the service longer than three days at any one time, unless with the consent of the owners : And by the latter of which acts the persons so employed as aforesaid are obliged, before they are authorized to seize the articles wanted, to obtain a warrant from a justice of the peace, which is not to be granted till the person refusing to sell them has been summoned to appeal- before him, and either refuses to appear, or, on appearing, it shall be evident to the justice that he is so possessed of a greater quantity of the articles wanted by the applicant than is necessary for his family's annual consumption. I HAVE THEREFORE THOUGHT FIT, by anfl with the advice of the privy council, to issue this proclamation in order to render it the more notorious, both to the good people of this State and to the deputies and agents aforesaid, that the impressing of car- riages, draught-horses, cattle and drivers, and the seizure of any private
112 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
property by any of the said deputies not authorized by either of the recited acts, is altogether lawless and arbitrary, and that all persons guilty thereof ought to be apprehended and proceeded against in a due course of law. And I do hereby strictly charge all justices of the peace and other officers whom it may concern to be diligent in the execution of the said acts, and to prevent as far as possible the viola- tion thereof, as well by any disaffected inhabitants who shall withhold from the army what they ought, agreeably to the true intent and meaning thereof, to spare and furnish, as by any illegal exactions upon the citizens of this state by any of the said deputies and agents ; and all persons aggrieved by such exactions, and not obtaining redress upon due application for that purpose to the magistrates, are hereby directed to transmit affidavits of the grievances suffered, and of the delay or refusal of justice, to me or to the president and council of safety, in order that the delinquents may be brought to speedy and condign punishment.
AND WHEREAS by a resolution of the honourable the Congress of the ninth day of February last, the Supreme Executive Powers of every State are authorised to suspend from pay and employment, for mis- behaviour or neglect of duty within their respective States, any officer of the staff, or civil continental officer, not immediately appointed by Congress, and to make » temporary appointment in his place if neces- sary, I have further thought fit hereby to request all the citizens of this State, zealous for the weal of America, and abhorrent of all publick mismanagement, peculation, misbehaviour or neglect of duty in any civil continental officer, and able to prove such perpetration or neglect within the same, to transmit the proofs thereof to me, that the same may be duly considered, and the party offending dealt with as the case shall appear to require.
GIVEN under my hand and seal at arms at Trenton, thr ninth
day of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred
and seventy-eight. By his Excellency's command, )
CHA. PETTIT, Sec. } WIL. LIVINGSTON.
Mr. COLLINS,
FROM the easy surrender of your correspondent T. W. No. 13. I should not fear retaking him, if I did not suspect he had in his drawers stronger troops than those Pigmies brought against him by his poetical friend. With your leave, however, I will venture to attack.
As his fears in the first objection arise wholly from his ignorance, they will be removed by informing him, that by the Confederation of the United States, Art. 8, the quota of each state is to be "in propor- tion to the value of all land within each state, granted to, or surveyed for, any person, as such land and the building and improvements thereon shall be estimated according to such mode as the United States in Congress assembled shall from time to time direct and appoint." Consequently the quota of this state will not be affected by a law
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 113
which will drag to the light from the dark desks of usurers, a list of their wealth.
The second objection is, that the measure is impracticable. This is the only objection I ever heard on this subject, that deserves serious attention, or that can any way impede the legislature. Our objector ranks bonds among things invisible — and I really believe the good man is under the influence of these invisible things. But let us rub our eyes — True, they are not as big as a horse or a cow ; but our Assembly will hardly appoint men to offices who are so blind that they cannot by the help of spectacles be able to see a bond. Aye, but they are locked up in drawers, and who would be a pimp, especially a legal pimp — and my horse is locked up in my stable ; and I think the business as low and dirty to search a stable as a desk. Few assessors either count a man's stock, or measure his land ; and why not take a man's word for his bonds? because, you say, the neighbours know how much laud, &c. a man has. And I believe neighbours will generally guess as near the amount of a man's money upon interest, as the acres of his improved land, or number of his flock. Let money, not returned, be forfeited, and the assessor will have as honest a list of bonds as other articles. But the objector himself has proposed a plan for ren- dering practicable this impracticable business, and one too which he calls just and equitable — let the borrower pay the tax out of the interest due to the lender.
The usurer has gone so far in his reasonings upon this head, as to afford strong grounds to suspect he had something more in view than to save his bonds from being taxed. What can be his views in magni- fying the experience and wisdom of Britain for legislation ! Can Americans say amen to this? Why does he intimate his wish, that we should imitate, especially in taxation, that band of bought slaves ! Why wish for bearing the burden upon the same shoulder ! Alas ! poor soul, the revolution and independency sticks in his weak stomach ! Let him vomit or choak.
Under this head also we hear of the novelty of the proposed scheme for taxing bonds. Can a monied American be so unacquainted with the police of the several states? In this province he may call it new, because heretofore those monied gentry have had interest and integrity enough to cast the burden off themselves upon their poorer neighbours. But this was not the case in the other provinces. In South-Carolina the measure now talked of and wished for by the inhabitants of this state in general, was carried to its fullest extent ; and I never heard even the monied men complain of it as impracticable or unjust, although I have talked with them very particularly on that head ; they were more generous and just.
The honest usurer objects against the measure, in the third place, as unjust. A charge so heavy must call our attention. The maxim of all writers, favourable to liberty, is, that property must pay the taxes, because property is defended. The demand of government then must be upon the owners of property. And if common sense and common
114 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1TT8
honesty does not require that each one pays in proportion to his property, we have lost the use of words and rules of proportion. The question now is, not how we shall come to the knowledge of mens property, and whether villains may not elude our scrutiny. We are enquiring what is just. For however strange it is, to this bar the miser hath appealed. And is not this equitable and just, to pay in proportion to property owned? And does the monied man own prop- erty? If he does, why not pay for its defence? Having his property in money, rather than land or any thing else, is his own choice. If he thought he should be a gainer by turning it into land, he would undoubtedly do it. His property in money is as much defended as another man's property in land ; yet it is unjust to tax his property, because he can hide it in his desk, and will not be honest enough to tell of it — nay, will swear false to prevent the knowledge of it, and will call a man a pimp if he looks for it.
Suppose we should try the usurer's illustration, perhaps it may help us to see to which side the scale of justice inclines. B purchases a farm from A for 1000s. and gives his bond and a mortgage upon the land for the money. When B made the purchase, he was worth noth- ing. He gave as much for the land as it was worth. Has he by this bargain acquired any property? But B is taxed — -the justice of this is not scrupled. By and by A, the real owner, for he has a bond and mortgage, by a suit at law dispossesses poor B, recovers the land, and strips his family into the bargain. Yet monied A all this time pays no tax for his property. Is this your idea of justice, Mr. Usurer? Kind heaven ! deliver my country, now escaped the snare, from such legis- lators.
But our miser is turned penitent. The plea of justice failed him, and instead of merit he supplicates for mercy. He is poor. He who at one time seems vain enough of the epithet, a monied man, now begs publick alms. His money is depreciated, and will not bear a tax. Miser like, to save a penny, will tell you long stories about losses and hard times. Poor creature ! if he would keep upon his knees, I would fling him a copper to be quit of him, but like the Pharisee, his heart betrays him, and he still seems disposed to make a plea of right. This is his intention, when, under the fourth head, he asserts that money is always taxed in the hands of the borrower. He should have said, when the borrower is pleased to lay the money out in articles that are taxed — for farther than this his assertion can not be true. One who was a stranger to the subject would suppose usurers had no securities for their property. But it was solely in the possession of the borrower, and not in the power, nor for the emolument of the lender. Let these humane men alone for that. Desolated families 'and long imprison- ments have taught many otherwise.
It cannot be the duty of any state, especially these in America, which so greatly need the personal service of every member, to en- courage usurers. The man who by industry and frugality acquires more than his annual consumption, and lends that upon interest, without relaxing in industry, is a useful member in the community ; but the man who lives upon the interest of his money, what advantage
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 115
is he to the state? When he dies what injury hath the state suffered? He is, if we listen to our author, to pay no taxes. He does no labour. Is the state then by his death either poorer or weaker? He cannot carry with him his bonds or cash. He was a meer consumer. Rats and mice will answer the same purpose, with this in their favour, that they do not take up the room, nor stand in the way of industrious inhabitants.
I believe, Mr. Collins, you need not lament I had not more time to have written more largely upon this subject. I wish I could have spared time to shorten your labour ; but I was under the necessity of sending this by the return of the post who brought me your paper, and through the day so crouded and interrupted by other business, that I could not correct. Your inserting it as it is, will probably oblige other of your customers, besides your friend and humble servant,
EQUAL TAXER.
TRENTON, March 18. From a New-York (British) Paper.
By Major-General James A. Robertson, Commandant of New- York, &c. &c.
WHEREAS I am informed, that a number of sailors on Friday evening attacked, and with knives wounded and defaced three Hessian soldiers, and that several acts had been perpetrated, tending to raise a spirit of discord be- tween nations, who ha,ve always lived together, whether in camp or garrison, with remarkable cordiality and affection.
Observing with great satisfaction, that General Schmidt, asnd the principal officers of the Hessian army, are taking every step to prevent or punish any insult from the part of their troops.
In like manner, I do require all that come into this city, to treat the Hessian troops with the civility due to strangers, and the kindness we owe to faithful allies and friends, and declare, that every attempt to destroy the cordiality that happily subsists between the two nations, will be considered as most prejudicial to the King's ser- vice.
116 NEW JERSEY IN THE R KVOMTION. L^~'v
Any person who will discover to me the author of the cruel attack on the Hessian soldiers, shall receive twenty pounds.
Given under my hand, this ninth day of February, one thousand and seven hundred and seventy-eight, and in the eighteenth year of his Majesty's reign.
JAMES ROBERTSON,, M. G.
And Commandant of Xew-York.
["When I consider," says our correspondent Hor- tentius, "the infinite art of this crafty Scotch man, I am not a little surprised to find General Robertson pub- lishing to the -whole world, that the British sailors and Hessians in New-York are ready to cut each others throats whenever they meet. We were indeed sufficiently ap- prized,, that between the English Tars and German Bows there subsisted an. ^reconcilable animosity. 'Till, IIOH-- cver, it was published by authority, their Printers re- mained at liberty to deny it with the same effrontery thuf they contradict every other the most notorious and in- dubitable truth -- But after this explicit acknowledg- ment, I suppose they will not presume, not withstand in;/ their proneness to print the thing that is not, to give tin1 lie to the Commandant of New-York — they will at least once in their lives be compelled to acquiesce in silencf iri/h the publication, of truth; as Milton says of Satan, that he was on a, particular occasion for one moment stupidly
The following donations were lately received at the hospital in Princeton, viz. From the Rev. Mr. Harden- burg's1 congregation at Raritan, 180 pairs stockings, ('n?
1 Reference is here made to the Rev. Jacob Rutsen Hardenburg. a member of a conspicuous family in New York and New Jersey. Before the age of 21 he had married the widow of the Rev. John Prelinghuysen and had become installed as the pastor of the four United Congregations of Raritan. North Branch, Millstone and Neshanic. Distinguished for his devotion to the Whig cause that a price was put upon his head. Following the war he was active in affairs of state, and became President of Queens, now Rutgers College, in New Brunswick.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 117
good shirts, 43 do. in part worn, 20 pair linen trousers, 5 do. breeches, 2 do. jackets, 11 shirts, 50 wollen jackets, -j.~) do. pair of breeches, 17 coats, 4 blankets, 5 pair of shoes, besides a quantity of. old linen and wollen for hospital use. And from the Reverend Mr. Chapman's1 congregation in Newark Mountains, 10 blankets, 19 sheets, 45 shirts, 9 coats, 40 vests, 27 pair breeches, 105 pair of stockings, 2 pair of shoes, 3 surtoiits, 3 watch- coats, 15 pair of trousers, 94 yards of new linen, 5 yards of linsey, 1 and a quarter yards cloth, 4 pillow-cases, 1 coverlet, 1 table-cloth, and a quantity of old linen. — The donors of the above, and those who before contributed, and may contribute in the same way, are' hereby informed, that a proper assortment of all kinds of eloathing will be kept in the hospital for the entertainment and refresh- ment of the sick and wounded soldiers in general of the Continental army, who shall be sent to this hospital, and the residue will be distributed to them who are fit for service, paying a particular attention to the regiments of this state, whether in hospital or camp.
About three weeks ago a number of cattle, having been sent from this state, intended for our camp,2 the enemy, getting intelligence thereof, and by the assistance of the Tories, way-laid and took them, with several of the guard, in Pennsylvania, about sixteten miles from Philadelphia.
Xear the same time Mr. Richard Borden, a peaceable inhabitant of this town, returning from our camp, where he had been on business of a civil nature, was overtaken by a party of the British light horse; and, although he
1 This was the Rev. Jedidiah Chapman, who took upon himself "the Solemn Pastoral Charge of ye Church and Congregation of ye people of Newark Mountains." July 22d, 1766. four years after graduation from Yale College. With McWhorter of Newark, Caldwell of Elizabeth and Green of Hanover, he was an uncompromising patriot, in a parish abound- ing with Tories, and during the Revolution, not only appealed to his own congregation, but acted as volunteer chaplain in the army. In 1800 he resigned his charge in Orange, and at the age of 60 entered into missionary work in the then wilderness of Western New York, residing in Geneva. He died May 22d. 1813. For an extended sketch of this remarkable man see "History of the Oranges," by Stephen Wickes, M.D., 1892.
- Valley Forge.
118 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
was unarmed, and consequently incapable of making any resistance, yet these heroes inhumanly shot him in the shoulder, of which wound he soon after expired — leaving a widow and son to lament his loss.
Tuesday se'nnight Brigadier-General Maxwell arrived here from head-quarters — and the day following Briga- dier-General Count Pulaski set out from this place to wait upon His Excellency General Washington.
Desertion we hear has taken deep root among the enemy. Scarce one day passes, but two or three of the British or Hessian soldiers come out.
On the 10th instant the commissioners from the Ameri- can and British army were to meet at Germantown in order to settle the terms of an exchange of prisoners.
We learn that on the 12th instant a fleet of transports, under convoy of several vessels of war, arrived at Phila- delphia from Rhodes-Island. On their passage up the Delaware, two of the transports, viz. the Katy and Mer- maid, with forage, one of which mounting six four jx>unders, being at some distance a-head, were attacked by eight of our armed boats under the command of Captain Barry, who, after a smart but short engagement, obliged both of the ships to strike. Soon after the armed schooner Alert, mounting eight four pounders and ten howitz, came up, when another action commenced, and the Alert, notwithstanding she bravely defended herself, was also obliged to submit. The other armed vessels, which were convoying the remaining part of the- fleet, observing at a' distance the fate of the ships and schooner, made haste to their assistance, but our people having taken out the passengers, &c. and stripped the ships, set fire to them, by which they were destroyed. Captain Barry intended to have run the schooner into Christiana Creek,1 but finding himself too closely pursued by the enemy, he put her ashore near Hamburgh a little below Xewcastle, where he got out most of the valuable articles. — Col.
1 In the State of Delaware.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 119
Montresor, a celebrated engineer in tlie British service, was taken in one of the above vessels, and has since been permitted to go to Philadelphia on parole.
WHEREAS the Honorable the Congress have resolved that all accounts of money, provisions, and other neces- saries, which have been supplied to prisoners that have been taken by the United States since the commencement of the war, until the first day of March instant, should be transmitted as speedily as possible to the Commis- sioners of Claims at the Board of Treasury: And that the respective States sustain the losses that may arise from detaining such accounts longer than the fifteenth day of April next. Therefore the Committee of the Council and Assembly of this State appointed to adjust and settle the said accounts, do hereby request all persons within this State who have any such demands or ac- counts (not heretofore transmitted to Congress) to pro- duce the same properly authenticated to the said Com- mittee at Trenton on or before the first day of April next ; and that those who do not prefer their accounts by that time may expect to sustain the losses that arise from such delay.
Trenton, March 17, 1778.
By order of the Committee,
SILAS CONDIT,, Chairman.1
WHEREAS there are several deserters from the Jersey brigade who have not repaired to camp within the time limited by His Excellency General Washington's Procla- mation: And whereas there are many soldiers, who, although regularly enlisted, have never joined their regi- ments; I am authorised to declare to all such, that if they will forthwith repair to their respective corps, or deliver themselves up to any officer of the brigade, they shall receive a free and ample pardon. But on the other
1 For a sketch of Silas Condit see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 372.
120 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1~"8
hand such obstinate offenders as shall refuse to accept this last offer of mercy, and surrender themselves before the 15th day of April next, may, when apprehended, de- pend upon receiving the severest punishment.
That none may flatter themselves any longer with the hopes of continuing unnoticed in secret and distant parts of the state, I do likewise declare, that the most effectual measures will be taken to detect all such, and for con- veying them to their respective regiments.
Given at Trenton this 13th day of March 1778.
WM. MAXWELL, B. G.1
TO BE SOLD,
THE HOUSE wherein the Widow STILLE now lives in at Trenton : It has fceen a tavern for many years, and is well calculated for that business. Any person wanting to purchase, may apply to the subscriber near Spotswood.
March 9, 1778. JOHN JOHNSTON.
TO BE SOLD,,
A strong, healthy NEGRO WENCH, twenty-five years old, with a female child two years old. For terms of sale apply to the subscriber, living near Trenton New Ferry, Pennsylvania.
March 14, 1778. THOMAS HARVEY.
SIXTEEN DOLLARS REWARD.
Deserted from the first New- Jersey regiment, a certain John Barlow, about five feet eight or nine inches high, well set, and about twenty-seven years of age. Also a
1 For a sketch of William Maxwell see Neic Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 5.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 121
certain Hugh Welsh, about five feet seven or eight inches high, of a dark complexion, and has a down look. Who- ever takes up the said deserters, and delivers them to the subscriber, or to any officer of said regiment, shall have the above reward, and reasonable charges, or Eight Dol- lars for either, paid by
jos. JAY, Lieut.
For the J^EW-JERSEY GAZETTE.
Mr. COL/LIXS,
OF all the ebullitions of disappointed malice, I never met with a more outrageous instance than General Try oil's answer to General Parson's letter. Could I pos- xihly conceive myself accountable (says this self-justify- ing incendiary) to any revolted subjects of th<e King of Great-Britain, &c. Is there any insinuation in General Parsons letter to warrant such a piece of incivility ? Is my giving a man who is reported to have directed the most horrid barbarities, an opportunity to disavow them, before I retaliate upon bare report, assuming a right of making him accountable? Had General Parsons made no such request, but proceed upon the report as true, and had it afterwards proved false, would not General Try on have made it a matter of complaint that he built upon common fame, when it was in his power to have obtained a disavowal of the charge? But let me tell this waspish Gentleman, that for inhumanity every man is accountable to every man. Inhumanity is declaring war against all mankind, in which every individual of the species is concerned as man, abstracted from all other considera- tions. It cannot therefore be palliated by considering the man in this or that situation, because it is the violation of rights due to him as man, in any situation. But why this extreme indignation against revolted subjects? Doth this dependant on court-favour think every revolt, con-
122 XEW JERSEY m THE REVOLUTION. [1778
fcidered as such, a proper object of his wrath ? Is he de- termined to kick the shins of every Portugese Gentleman he meets, because the Duke of Braganza revolted from Spain? Or is it a matter of indifference with him, whether a revolt be with or without foundation ? Has he forgot that himself belongs to a nation which revolted from King James, before he had perpetrated a thousandth part of the cruelties and murders that have been com- mitted by King George? And that upon the justice of that revolt is built all the right which King George has to the British throne?
I should, were I in more authority, burn every Com- mittee-mans house within my reach. Well said, General ignipotent and primitial imp of Vesuvius! What pity it is that this little salamander is so unreasonably re- stricted in the exertions of his burning faculties ! Surely had his master a due sense of his peculiar genius for reducing houses and barns to ashes, he would doubtless grant him an exclusive right to commit arson and con- stitute him (Vaughn's late merit notwithstanding) Con- fiagrator General of all America. Did ever any creature in human shape before this son of combustion publickly lament his want of power to consume houses by fire? But you are to know gentle reader, that this descendant of Vulcan, (not I presume by Venus the fair, but by Erinnys the fury) deems these agents the wicked instru- ments of the continued calamities of this country. But pray, Sir, who appointed, and who continues these Com- mittee-men ? Have they assumed their office ; or were they elected by the people? or would the people continue them in office, unless they acted agreeable to their senti- ments ? Are these tremendous Committee-men stronger than the whole community, and able to exercise an usurped authority contrary to the inclinations of the publick ; and that too with this terrific son of ignition at the head of the male-contents. In what numberless ab- surdities has the ridiculous rant of this angry man in-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 123
volved him ? These same Committee-men, who at other times are an insignificant rabble, are now magnified into such a mountain of terror, that General Try on is willing io give twenty silver dollars for every acting Committee- man who shall be delivered up to the King's troops. What an ambitious mortal this, to aspire after such a plurality of offices ! ISTot content with being Conftagrator General, he now sets up for Universal Kidnapper, and is to save the nation from perdition by bribing a man's domesticks to deliver him up, whose place, when de- livered up, would be instantly filled with another; the nation remaining exposed to the same perdition ; and five dollars out of pocket by his nonsensical bargain. Doubt- less this Gentleiman had better bestow his silver dollars ( and if he has any gold ones, they will not be mis-applied in the way I propose) to repair the damages sustained by the poor inhabitants of North-Carolina (when it was his duty to protect them) by the peculation of a set of villains of his appointment. But before the end of the next campaign (take courage noble General, and keep your purse in your pocket) these same Committee-men will be torn to pieces by their own countrymen, whom they have forcibly dragged into opposition against their lawful Sovereign, and compelled them to change their happy constitution for paper, rags, anarchy, and distress. Very lavish of your money indeed, good Master Try on, to offer twenty dollars for a man who will so shortly be torn to pieces, without any expence of yours. I begin to suspect from such unnatural liberality, that this limb of Mount sEtna intends to score the whole reckoning to King George, which would rather be unconscionable, con- sidering that he has already been dragged into so many idle bargains of this kind, that his troops in Philadelphia, instead of fingering any silver dollars, are ready to jump at the very sight of our paper and rags. And whatever we have changed the constitution to, (with which we are perfectly content, or we should not so vigorously defend)
12-i NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1TT8
1 know full well, Major-General Firebrand, what we have changed it from, (and judge you whether that be prefer- able to paper and rags) it is, in plain English, from ly ninny, corruption, villany and vassalage; to which, Sir, you are eternally welcome at one half of your premium for kidnapping a Committee-man. But by what kind of force did the Committee-men drag their country- men into the opposition? It must certainly have been by the force of magic, and the Devil and Doctor Faustus must have helped, them pull with all their might and main. For did you ever see, good Master Combustion, one man at one end of a rope, and one thousand at the other, and the first able to trag away the latter ? Surely if these Committee-men are so incredibly strong, it will require a couple of regiments to hold a single prisoner; and then instead of twenty silver dollars, each of these giants may cost the nation twenty thousand. Xor can I see how General Tryon can save this expence, unless he grasp at another office, and turns burner of men as well as burner of houses. But in sober earnest, his charging the firing of New- York upon the inhabitants, whose in- terest it was to save it, is such a complication of cruelty and falsehood, as is rather to be detested in silence than capable of being expressed in words.
HORTENTIUS.1
Mr. COLLINS,
I HAD in contemplation to draw a petition to our as- sembly against taxing money at interest, to be presented if any motion should be made for it ; but seeing the piece published in your last paper ~No. 13, against the measure, 1 hi nking perhaps it may answer a better purpose to put my objections in your Gazette, that the arguments and
1 Although not directly relating to this State of New Jersey, this here- tofore neglected contribution of Governor Livingston to the Gazette is re- printed as an illustration of his satirical writing.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 125
reasons may be seen as well by the represented as repre- sentatives. I have concluded to mention a few objec- tions for your publication not noticed by that writer.
The measure for taxing money at interest has been long thought of by a large number of the inhabitants of .\c\v-Jersey, especially by the landed interest in whose favour this new tax was to be levied, as by so much as should be collected in that way, would be taken off or lessen their tax. Let us put the question, who is it that has made so many freeholders in New-Jersey for fifty years past, or ever since the settlement of it, has it not been the usurer? It is certain there is a great number of our able farmers who haive made themselves so by hiring money, which if they could not have done, must have become or remained tenants perhaps their whole lives; and how much more useful freeholders are to the community than tenants, common observation teaches us. The proprietor of a plantation improves it, erects good buildings, and becomes a steady useful man to society. The tenant has no interest in erecting buildings or im- proving the lands, only to answer for the present crop, so that instead of a country being improved, in time it will be impoverished by tenants. And when the present gain of putting money to interest is stopped by being taxed or lowered, the usurer will immediately call in his money and lay it out in lands, so that in a few years we shall have treble the number of tenants we now have. This objection would have always stood good ; but if we take a view of the present times, what advantage has the farmer- or freeholder of the usurer ? Have not the farmers estates doubled in value, and bonds sunk in proportion? Can a man's estate, being all in bonds of two thousand pounds, be now looked upon worth as much as one thou- sand pounds was to him three years ago ? And in whose favour is this mighty charge? Is it not in the free- holders, the landed men who have heretofore hired money, made great profit by it, and grumbled because their bonds
126 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
were not taxed in the hands of the possessor? I know a landed man who always hired comfortable sums of money, and by that means kept from selling any part of his estate, has very lately sold a plantation for upwards of one thousand pounds, which if he- had advertised for sale for half the money from 1765 to 75 would not have met with a purchaser; and this is the way the farmers who are in debt in general through New-Jersey are selling and paying off their debts where they have not moveables to sell and answer their obligations. Won't every reasonable person plainly see and say that the estates which are increasing in value can and ought to pay the taxes? To tax persons for the money they have at in- terest is really adding to their ruin, and helping and easing those very persons who have made such great gain out of them as has been mentioned.
A. B. Hunterdon County, March 2, 1778.
—Neu'-Jersey Gazette, No. 16, Mar. 18, 1778.
Philadelphia.
Sunday evening William Hamet, an intrepid young man, who had suffered much by the rebel plunderers, and desirous of serving his country by securing its enemies, hearing that there were two rebel officers at Benjamin Vanleer's in Jersey, passed over the Delaware with four others, with design to take them. On approaching the house, he judiciously placed one of his four companions as centries, at each corner of it, broke open the door, passed up to the room where the two officers lay, and with a fixed bayonet at their breasts, demanded their arms : Upon their denying they had any, he searched for them, and found under their bolster and on a table, two swords and three pistols, which he immediately secured,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 127
and conducted the gentlemen safe to the Provost in this city.
This is only one among many instances wherein the persecuted refugees now in this city, have shewn the like disinterested regard for their Country and attachment to their Sovereign — Indeed there is not a day but great numbers of them driven by- the cruel hands of the most obdurate and merciless tyranny from all that is dear and valuable in life, are flocking to this city. And what will ever do them honor is, they are forming themselves into companies of volunteers, with a determined resolution to have satisfaction for the unprovoked injuries and cruelties they have sustained to aid their Sovereign in suppressing the most groundless and unnatural rebellion, and to restore peace to their unhappy Country. — The Pennsylvania Ledger, March 18, 1778.
Raritan, March 2, 1778.
TO BE SOLD
SUNDRY NEGROES, consisting of two men, two women, two boys and two girls. The oldest of the men is a miller, a carter and a farmer, and is about fifty years old. The other is a stout, likely fellow, a farmer, and about thirty- five years old; he is father to three of the children, viz. one girl nine years old, one six years, and a boy ten months old, by the oldest wench, who is a good cook and dairy woman, The youngest wench about twenty-seven years old, is an excellent house servant and besides washing and ironing can spin wool and flax, knit, &c. understands the management of a dairy, and making butter and cheese; she is mother to the other boy about eleven years old, and as fine a boy of his age as any in America. The man and wife and three children must not be parted, nor the mother and son ; as they have lived
128 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
long in one family together, it. would be most agreeable if they could be fixed near each other. They are sold for no fault, the owner only intending to change his plan of life. Whoever the above may suit will please to en- quire of Mr. HENRY WORLY, Inn-keeper at the north branch of Raritan, Somerset County, East, Xew-Jersi \. —The Pennsylvania Packet, March 18, 1778.
Xew-York, March 23. The Rebel General Wayne, has lately destroyed all the Forrage within many Miles of Philadelphia, on the Jersey Shore, which has obliged a large Body of his Majesty's Forces to go down the River Delaware as far as Reedy Island, to collect a Quantity of Hay, &c. on which Expedition they set out about a Week since. — New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, March 23, ^778.
FISH-KILL,
March 5. By a gentleman from the eastward we are informed, that the week before last, Colonel Symmesi1 of New-Jersey, with four men in a whale boat, crossed over from Guilford to Long-Island: When understanding a number of vessels were cast away on the island, they formed a design to seize some of the goods belonging to one of them, accordingly they five, with fixed bayonet- in the dead of night, surprised the house where the freight
1 John Cleves Symmes, born at Riverhead, New York, in 1742, and after an early career as teacher and surveyor, was licensed to practice law. At the outbreak of the Revolution he was a resident of Newton, Sussex county. As a member af the Provincial Congress, he was upon the committee that framed the State Constitution of 177*5. and became Colonel of the Third Battalion of Sussex county. From 1777 to 1788 he was an Associate Justice of the State Supreme Court, and in 1784 was a delegate from New Jersey to the Continental Congress. In 1788, appointed Federal Judge in the Northwest Territory, he removed to Cincinnati, and in company with other New Jersey associates, secured control of 250,000 acres of land be- tween the two Miamis. Anne Symmes, his daughter, became the wife of William Henry Harrison, President of the United States. Judge Symmes died in 1814. One of his sons, of the same name, was the author of the singular theory that the earth was hollow and inhabited in its interior.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 129
of one of the vessels were stored, made the master, mate, three sailors and two tories prisoners, and loaded their whale boat with part of the vessel's cargo; they took 9 gold and 9 silver bound hats, 60 pair of English shoes, a chest of medicine, a box of glass and earthen ware, 24 steel plate cross-cut saws, a barrel of coffee, another of rum, 1 doz. silk handkerchiefs, 1 doz. buckskin gloves, and many other valuable articles and returned safe to Guilford with their prize.
Trenton, March 25.
By accounts from Salem County we learn, that a num- ber of the British troops, supposed to be between fifteen hundred and two thousand, landed last Tuesday at the town of Salem, with whom our militia has had some skirmishes, but with no great loss on either side. Orders are issued for a large reinforcement of the militia to join Col. Ellis in Gloucester County; and Col. Shreve, with his battalion of Continental troops, has crossed the Dela- ware and is on his march to oppose the enemy. — It is reported that the militia of Cumberland have turned out with the most laudable spirit, and it is expected the British rovers will not be able to leave this State without great loss, unless they decamp with the hurry and con- fusion which distinguished their last visit — or rather visitation.
The Supreme Court of this State, and the Court of Common Pleas and General Quarter Sessions of the Peace for Middlesex county, are appointed to be held at New- Brunswick, on the first Tuesday in April next
Yesterday Major-General LEE1 passed through Borden- town from New- York, on his way to Philadelphia; where, it is said, he is likely to be exchanged.
1 Charles Lee.
130 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Princeton, March 24, 1778.
THE GRAMMAR SCHOOL at this place is to be again opened on Monday, the 13th of April. Those who have children to begin the Latin, are desired to be as punctual as possible in having them there at the time.
JOHN WITHERSPOON.
South-Amboy, March 20, 1778.
NOTICE is hereby given that two Negro men lately came over from Staten-Island, and landed at South- Amboy; the one is a sturdy young fellow named JOE, about 26 years of age, and about five feet ten inches high : the other is also a sturdy fellow named JACK, about sixty years of age, and about six feet high ; both of them are supposed to belong to persons in this state. The sub- scriber has them in charge, and is in fear that they may by chance get away; and therefore desirous that th«i owner or owners of said Negroes may speedily apply, prove their property, pay charges., and take them away.
JAMES MORGAN, Capt.1 1 Ensign Second Regiment of Middlesex. Captain of the same.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTEACTS. 131
Somerset County, March 20, 1778.
THE NOTED HOKSE
GRAND BAY,
LATE the property of Messrs. Thomas Lowery1 and Gershom Lee, of full size, is to COVER the ensuing season at Killn-Hall, within two miles of Bound-Brook, where Mr. John Van Home formerly lived, now in the posses- sion of Mr. Nicholas Ferine, of Sixteen Dollars the season ; money to be paid when the mare is taken away. Good pasture may be had for mares at Half a Dollar per week, and good attendance will be given by
JONATHAN DUNN.
Bordentown, March 23, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,,
BY PUBLIC VENDUE, at the house of the subscriber, on Monday the 30th inst. at 10 o'clock in the forenoon ; sundry sorts of Household Furniture, such as mahogany tables and chairs, looking glasses, kitchen utensils, beds and bedsteds, with many other articles. The conditions will be made known at the time and place by
JOHN IMLAY.
1 Thomas Lowrey was born in Ireland, 1737, was a leading merchant of Hunterdon county, and, with Gershom Lee, a carpenter of Amwell, and other associates, in 1762, became possessed of a tract of land in and near Flemington. Identified with the Whig cause, Lowrey was a member of the Provincial Congress, and in 1776 was commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel of the Third Regiment of Militia. He was also a deputy commissary. At the close of the Revolution he removed to Philadelphia, but returned to Hunterdon county, where, in 1791-'92, he represented the county in the House of Assembly. He died suddenly in 1796. His wife, born Esther Mourner, was one of the matrons who welcomed General Washington in Trenton, in 1789, upon the occasion of his tour preliminary to his in- .auguration as President of the United States.
13-2 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. 1 i >s
TO BE SOLD,
A PLANTATION in Middlesex County, Southward of Amboy, about seven miles from Cranberry, and six miles from Spotswood, containing about Three Hundred and Thirty Acres of Land with good buildings, well watered, well timbered, and a large quantity of meadow, and an excellent out-let There is also joining said plantation, a House and Lot to be sold, containing about eight acre-. consisting of about three acres of meadow, three of plough land, and the remainder good timber, with good frame house and shop, well watered, convenient for any tradesman especially a shoemaker and tanner, and a good stand for a tavern. For farther particulars enquire of William Vanderipe or John Forman both living on the premises.
A COEK CUTTER wanted at Trenton. Enquire of flir Printer.
Trenton, March, 1778.
STRAYED or STOLEN the 20th instant, from the sub- scriber, a large SORREL HORSE, his hind feet white, a blaze in his face, his mane and tail long, about seven years old, paces and trots; was in good order. Whoever takes him up, or secures and returns him, shall have six DOLLARS reward and reasonable charges, paid by
JONATHAN RICHMOND.1 TO BE LET
A VERY convenient HOUSE and GARDEN, either with or without a large Stable, situate near the subscribers mills, and within two miles of Crosswicks.
WILLIAM LEWIS.
1 Keeper of the "True American Inn," headquarters of General Washing- ton before the second Battle of Trenton. This structure was built in 1760 and destroyed by fire in 1843.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 133
IF Mr. SAMUEL SCUDDER, who lately resided near S tow- Creek, in Salem county, is living, he may, by applying to either of the subscribers in Essex county, hear of some- thing to his advantage. Any person who will give him the above intelligence will much oblige
JOHX and THOMAS SCUDDER.
—New-Jersey Gazette, No. 17, Mar. 25, 1778.
The King's troops have lost only one man killed since their going into the Jerseys: He was of the Queen's Rangers, and behaved gallantly in a skirmish with the militia, who have had twenty men killed on the spot, and ten prisoners taken, with a French Lieutenant on the re- cruiting service.
By a vessel which arrived here last Monday from Salem, we learn, that the King's troops, now in possession of that place, have collected a great quantity of forage, and that the transports which are now nearly loaded, will be ready to sail in a few days. — The Pennsylvania Ledger, "March 25, 1778.
Philadelphia, March 11. On Friday Capt, Wigstaff, with part of his New-Jersey independent volunteers, went down to Penn's Neck, where they were attacked by two armed boats from Christeen, and having nothing but musquetry on board their sloop, were obliged to run her ashore, after exchanging several shot. After Capt. Wigstaff had quitted her, the rebels took out the pro- visions, and burnt the sloop. Capt Wigstaff proceeded nine miles into the country, and came down to Raccoon Creek, where he and his men got on board a sloop, and returned to town with a quantity of provisions. During the excursion of this party of Captain Wigstaff's com-
13-1 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [17 . "-
paiiy, another small party of them went over to Billings- port, marched ten miles into the country, surrounded the house of Capt. Cousins,1 of the militia, took him and his guard prisoners, and brought them to town.
New-York, March 30. A party of six of the rebel plunderers came down as near Powlis Hook, as Prior's mills, last Sunday week, and attempted to carry off a parcel of cattle from thence, but being seen were im- mediately pursued by a party of Col. Turnbull's2 regi- ment, who soon obbliged them to relinquish their plunder, and nothing but good heels prevented their being made prisoners. These gentry are commanded by one Johnston, whom they have chose for their captain, who all take what they can get, and have no commissions, nor orders for any of their proceedings.
On Friday a party of Col. Turnbull's New- York volunteers, under thS command of Lieut. Haines, were dispatched towards the English Neighbourhood, in quest of some rebels that were said to be lurking therealxnits. when they seized in the house of one Degroote of that place four men armed, one of them was Lashier,3 who was concerned in the murder of Capt. John Richards, whose watch was found in his pocket, and another a serjeant belonging to Capt. Roorback, in Gen. De Lancey's4 first battalion.
We are told the general assembly of the province of New-Jersey, have repealed a law they lately passed, whereby it was made death for any of their subjects to
1 John Cozens, Captain First Battalion of Gloucester, exchanged as a prisoner of war, December 8th, 1780.
2 George Turnbull, of the Third American Regiment, New York Volun- teers, a Tory regiment. In the attack on Fort Montgomery. October, 1777, he was a Captain of Ihe Loyal Americans, and there, as in the siege of Savannah in 1779, distinguished himself by bravery. At Hock Mount he also three times repulsed Sumner.
3 Lozier.
4 Oliver De Lancey. of Xew York, a member of a family conspicuous for its stauncn Tory spirit. He was born in 1717, served in the French and Indian war, and in 1770 was appointed Brigadier-General in the Royal service. He lost his property by confiscation, dying in Beverley, England, in 1785.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 135
correspond or trade with the enemy ; and that any trans- gression of that kind is to be attoned for by a heavy fine and imprisonment. — New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, March 30, 1778.
For the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE. To His EXCELLENCY GENERAL WASHINGTON.
SAY — on what hallow'd altar shall I find, A sacred spark that can again light up The muse's ardour in my wane of life, And warm my bosom with poetic flame Extinguish'd long — and yet o WASHINGTON, Thy worth unequall'd, thy heroic deeds, Thy patriot virtues, and high-soaring fame, Prompt irresistibly my feeble arm, To grap the long-forgotten lyre, and join The universal chorus of thy praise.
When urg'd by thirst of arbitrary sway
And over-weaning pride, a ruthless king
Grim spurn'd us, suppliants, from his haughty throne,
And in the tyrant all the father lost ;
When to our pray'rs, with humble duty urg'd,
He, PHARAOH-like, his heart obdurate steel'd,
Denouncing dreadful vengeance, unprovok'd,
And all the dire calamities of war —
No ray of mercy beaming from his brow,
No olive-branch extended in his hand ; —
A sword unsheath'd, or ignominious yoke,
The only sad alternative propos'd —
Then with one voice thy country call'd thee forth,
Thee, WASHINGTON, she call'd : — With modest blush,
But soul undaunted, thou the call obey'd,
To lead her armies to the martial field. —
Thee, WASHINGTON, she call'd to draw the sword,
And rather try the bloody chance of war
In virtue's cause, than suffer servile chains,
Intolerable bondage ! to inclose
The limbs of those, whom God created free.
Lur'd by thy fame, and with thy virtues charm'd, And by thy valour fir'd, around thee pour'd AMERICA'S long-injur'd sons, resolv'd To meet the veteran troops who oft had borne BRITANNIA'S name, in thunder, round the world.
136 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
With warrior-bands by Liberty impell'd,
And all their country glowing at their heart ;
And prodigal of blood, when she requir'd,
Tho' destitute of war's essential aids,
(The well-stor'd armory, the nitrous grain,
The roaring cannon, and death-bearing ball)
Thou mad'st the solemn dread appeal to heav'n, —
The solemn dread appeal th' Almighty heard,
And smil'd success. Unfabled ASTREA weigh'd
Our cause in her eternal scales, and found
It just : While all-directing Providence,
Invisible, yet seen, mysterious, crown'd,
And more than crown'd our hopes ; and strange to tell !
Made British infidels, like Lucifer.
Believe and tremble. Thou with troops new-rais'd,
Undisciplin'd ; nor to the tented field
Inur'd, hast kept the hostile host aloof ;
And oft discomfited : While victory
The laurel wreath around thy temples twin'd ;
And TRENTON, PRINCETON prove thy bold emprize ;
Names then unknown to song, illustrious now,
Deriving immortality from thee.
Proceed, heaven-guided Chief, nor be dismay'd
At foreign myriads, or domestic foes,
(The best have foes, and foes evince their worth)
Soon by one danger rous'd, one soul inspir'd,
One cause defending, on one goal intent,
From every quarter whence the winds can blow.
Assembled hosts their Hero shall attend,
Determin'd to be free — Them shalt thou lead,
To conquest lead, and make the tyrant rue
His execrable purpose to enslave ;
And teach e'en British folly to be wise.
Far as the encircling sun his chariot drives,
Thy fame shall spread ; thy grateful country own
Her millions sav'd by thy victorious arm ;
And rear eternal monuments of praise.
The arduous task absolv'd, the truncheon broke ;
Of future glory, liberty and peace
The strong foundations laid, methinks I see
The god-like Hero gracefully retire,
And (blood-stained MARS for fair POMONA chang'd)
His rural seat regain : His rural seat
Fresh-blooming at his visitation, smiles :
And in expressive silence speaks her joy.
There, recollecting oft thy past exploits,
(Feast of the soul ne'er cloying appetite)
And still assiduous for the public weal ;
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 137
(Incumbent duty ne'er effac'd) amidst
Sequester'd haunts, and in the calm of life,
Methinks I see thee, SoLON-like, design
The future grandeur of confederate States
High tow'ring ; or for legislation met,
Adjust in senate what thou sav'd in war.
And when by thousands wept, thou shall resign
Thy sky-infus'd, and sky-returning spark,
May light supernal gild thy mortal hour,
But mortal to translate thee into life
That knows not death ; and then heavens all-ruling sire
Shall introduce thee to thy glad compeers,
The HAMPDENS, SIDNEYS, Freedom's genuine sons !
And BRUTUS' venerable shade, high-rais'd
On thrones erected in the taste of heav'n,
Distinguish'd thrones for patriot demi-gods,
(Who for their country's weal or toiled, or bled,) And one reserv'd for thee : There envy's shafts Nor tyrants e'er intrude, nor slavery clanks Her galling chain ; but star-crown'd LIBERTY Resplendent goddess ! everlasting reigns.
HORTENTIUS.1
TRENTON, April 1.
Agreeable to a Resolution of Congress, His Ex- cellency the Governor of this state, with the advice of the Privy Council, has appointed Wednesday the 22d instant, to be observed as a day of fasting, humiliation and prayer.
On Sunday night last a heavy northeast storm came on, and continued till Monday morning.
Last week a brig from Ireland, bound to New- York, with a large quantity of linen, butter, &c. &c. was taken off Egg-Harbour — and carried into a safe port. The sailors and several other persons, who were made prisoners in the brig, were brought to this town yesterday.
We hear from Somerset County that on Friday the 20 nit. Mr. JOHN GORDON., in the 83d year of his age, ivas 'married to Miss SUKEY LANE, a young lady of 18.
1 This prophetic blank verse, from the pen of Governor Livingston, was one of the earliest tributes, of its class, which appeared in an American newspaper.
138 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Trenton, March 27, 1778.
WHEREAS the Copartnership of SINGER and WITT is desolved, they request all persons anyways indebted to said Partnership to pay off their respective accounts.
Likewise all persons indebted to either of them are re- quested to discharge their several accounts. And all those who have any demands against either of them, are de- sired to call and receive payment.
ROBERT SINGER. FRANCIS WITT.
March 28, 1778.
TEN COLLARS REWARD.
RAN AWAY from the subscriber the 20th instant, a negro fellow named BEN, 22 years of age, remarkably stout and well made: Had on, when he went away, a homespun bearskin coat and jacket, leather breeches, and white stockings. He is supposed to be lurking about the neigh- bourhood of Trenton. Whoever takes up and secures said negro in any gaol so that his master may have him again, shall have the above reward, and all reasonable charges paid by
ELISHA LAWRENCE.
Freehold, March 21, 1778. JOSEPH RUE,
INTENDS to open a Latin school the 13th day of the en- suing month (April) at the house of Mr. Henry Ferine, in Freehold, county of Monmouth, New- Jersey : Where
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 139
the scholars shall be accommodated in the best manner, and at the lowest expeuce. All parents willing to put their children under his tuition, are desired to apply to him before the above day.
Wanted for Employment in Camp,
A good clerk, well skilled in Accounts, and who can produce satisfactory testimonials of his abilities and in- tegrity ; to whom a suitable salary will be given. Apply •to the Printer, or at the Quarter-Master-General's Office in Camp.
TO BE SOLD, By BENJAMIN SMITH, in TRENTON,
GREEN TEA; loaf and muscovado sugar; chocolate; pepper ; allspice ; cinnamon ; allum ; needles ; mohair ; sleeve buttons; fine and coarse tejeth combs; sweeping and scrubbing brushes; tobacco, &c. &c.
LOFTY,
AN imported HORSE from Great-Britain, is in full health and vigour, and stands at the stables of Mr. William Phillips in Maidenhead, in New- Jersey, and will cover Mares the ensuing season at the rate of EIGHT POUNDS each Mare. The proprietors of him have thought proper, the better to serve the public, to limit the number of Mares he shall cover to 40. Those that incline to send Mares for that purpose, will please to signify their intentions to the said William Phillips as early as possible, because the first applications _that ex- tend to the above number, will have their mares covered
140 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
by the season, and no others will be received after the list is complete. LOFTY'S size, colour and pedigree having been heretofore published, supersede the necessity of repetition.
Also HECTOR an imported Horse, well known in this and the adjacent parts of the country, stands at the same place, and will likewise cover at TEN DOLLARS the season, and FIVE DOLLARS the single leap.
Good pasture for mares will be provided.
Maidenhead, March 21, 1778.
All persons indebted to the estate of Ennis Graham, ' late of the city of Xew-York, deceased, are requested to make immediate payment to Elizabeth Graham, at Bound- Brook, Executrix, or to Mr. Walter Buchanan, at Morris- Town, or to Mr. John Thomson, at Pluckimin, New- Jersey, Executors of said estate. And all persons having demands against the same, are desired to make them without delay to the said Elizabeth Graham.
Said Elizabeth Graham has for sale superfine broad- cloths of various colours, casarniers, rattinetts, shalloons, durants, hairbinds, black and scarlet serge desoy for breeches, white crape, cut and uncut Genoa velvets, silk and hair shag velvets, collar velvets, plushes, silks for vests and breeches, silk breeches patterns, embroidered tambour vests, striped Damascus, nankeens, yellow canvas for stays, braid, gold and silver buttons, silk and hair buttons, metal ditto, scarf twist, sewing silks, silk stockings, knee garters, silk ferrits, silver buttons and loops for hats, mens gloves, sleeve buttons, mens thimbles, needles, tapes, livery lace, &c. &c.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 141
Millstone, March 16, 1778. TO BE SOLD,
A GOOD FARM, situate in Xew-Jersey, Somerset county, near ]^ew Shannock,1 one mile from the church, and about 15 or 16 miles from Xew Brunswick, containing 235 acres, has on it a very good stone dwelling house well built, three rooms on a floor, and under it a very good cellar of one half the bigness of the whole house, on the other half a good kitchen, and the out-houses but indifferent; a good orchard; the land is good for wheat and pasture ; there is no great deal of meadow, but plenty of woodland. Whoever inclines to purchase may apply to Peter Schenck at Millstone, or Abraham Demott, at said church near the premises, who will agree on rea- sonable terms. The purchaser may have immediate possession.
FINE SAFFRON, PIGTAIL, PLUG and SQUAKE CUT TOBACCO, to be sold WHOLESALE and RETAIL, by ISAAC HEULINGS,- At his TOBACCO MANUFACTORY in BURLINGTON.
Philadelphia County, March 18, 1778.
RAN AWAY the 24th of February, from the subscriber living in Bibury, a Scotch servant GIRL, named Chris- tiana Gunn, about sixteen years of age, about five feet high, fresh complexion, and dark brown hair, long nose., little eyes, broad shoulders, a little pitted with the small- pox, thin lips, and wide mouth. Had on when she went away, a purple silk bonnet, a mixt dufnl cloak, a tow shift and old linsey petticoat, a green upper ditto, a coating jacket, a black handkerchief, blue yarn
Neshanic.
142 NEW JEESEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
stockings, half worn shoes with low heels, and took with her a tow shift. 'Tis supposed she has gone to Phila- delphia to her mother. Whoever secures the said servant in Burlington gaol, or brings her to me, shall receive TWO DOLLARS reward and charges, paid by
SAMUEL ROBBIXS.
STOLEN on the 25th of March 1778, from under the shed of Thomas Bullman, at Pennington, a dark grey MARE, Avith a saddle and bridle almost new, she is about fourteen hands high, trots and paces, has a blaze in her forehead, was shod before, and has a middling long switch tail. Whoever takes up the thief, so that he may be brought to justice, and secures the mare, shall have TWENTY DOLLARS reward, or TWELVE DOLLARS for the mare only, paid by JOSEPH VANKIRK, living near Pen- nington.
For the XEW-JERSEY GAZETTE. Mr. PRINTER,
THE source of malice is inexhaustible ; and to this the enemies of mankind have recourse, when all others fail them. A favourite object is to be obtained, however base and ungenerous the means necessary therefor. Hence it is that slander and defamation are so prevalent in the world. The sacred regard ever due to an unblemished reputation is of no farther estimation than as it coincides with the darling scheme : And if the station of any one should interfere, his character will suffer in proportion to the influence of the calumniator.
It has ever been matter of the highest pleasure to me, and, I dare say, to every American feeling himself nearly interested in the fate of his country, that the character of our great Commander has in- variably been held in the most profound veneration. Nothing could give the common enemy more satisfaction than to diminish the esteem and applause he so justly receives. They have made some feeble efforts towards it : Their gazettes, the common vehicles of falsehood, have echoed a language their judgment never approved ; and, no doubt, there are some among ourselves so lost to every principle of honour and integrity, as willingly to aid their diabolic attempts.
Men in high stations, however exalted their accomplishments, are always subject to the ill-natured censures of restless mortals, who expect to derive certain advantages from their own iniquity. There is a species of ambition, unawed by patriotism, uncurbed by reason, endued with the faculty of converting emulation into envy. People
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 143
under the influence of this unruly passion, anxious of obtaining an exalted boon, and conscious of their unworthiness to possess it, direct their malevolence against those whose virtues they admire but cannot imitate. Detraction is substituted for proof of weakness, and false insinuations for wickedness of heart. This kind of artifice may impose upon the credulous and confirm the base, but will ever fill the un- biassed mind, actuated by noble sentiments, with indignation.
It is a fact universally admitted, that publick confidence is requisite to support publick characters. The man who has no fixed interest in the publick opinion cannot rise in competition with him who hath.
In the beginning of this controversy, it is well known that General Washington was the only man to whom every part of America looked as a leader capable of conducting them through the impending storm. His uncommon abilities, his patience, fortitude and humanity have furnished the most convincing proofs that Heaven directed their choice. The many seemingly insurmountable difficulties he has encountered, attended with trifling misfortunes, serve to display his illustrious great- ness and demonstrate indisputably that conquest, upon equal terms, could never sufficienty brighten the path of glory he was destined to pursue. A single victory, gained by lucky circumstances and followed by happy events, may immortalize a man of common abilities moving in a subordinate sphere ; but, should his pride and vanity carry his ambition beyond its proper bounds, a single misfortune will render his condition infinitely worse than if he had never been successful : For, instead of sinking into desirable obscurity, his name will live in universal abhorrence and contempt.
That man alone who conducts with equal prudence and fortitude in prosperity and adversity ; who possesses resources within himself for all occasions ; who despising the malicious censures of wicked and designing men, places a love of fame in real magnanimity ; whose patriotic sentiments and conduct induce him to submit to the toils and hardships of the military life from an insatiable love to his country, is qualified to command the armies of America. That man is the virtuous Washington; and that man will be dear to millions yet un- born, when the page of history will record some for their insignificance only, who now dare speak disrespectfully of him.
Go on illustrious Chief ! to lead thy chosen bands,
With increas'd numbers, to the field of Mars ;
There, snatching victry from the British foe,
Give peace and plenty to a bleeding land.
Then — heaven approving thy exalted deeds,
While grateful millions hail thee father, friend —
Return with laurels to thy happy mount,
And taste a-new the sweets of private life.
Rekindled in thy breast, the pure, the tender flame,
Endear'd by wedlock's holy, sacred rites,
Enjoy, in social converse and connubial love,
The most enrapturing charms that e'er adorned the fair.
144 NEW JKl.-SKY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
When all the earthly joys that mortals can possess, Or heaven bestow on patriotic minds, Shall cease to please ; and thy great soul, Impatient of delay, shall burst the brittle shell Which holds it here, — expanded as the light of niorn Oh ! may'st thou then ascend on wings seraphic, To thy native skies : where smiling angels, Crouding to behold the conquering Hero, Shall lead thee, all immortal, all divine, Up to the throne of God ; there, freed from all thy toils On earth, and crown'd with never fading glory, Eternity itself employ'd shall make thee happy !
A CITIZEN.1
Princeton, March 7, 1778.
— Neiv-Jerscy Gazette, No. 18, April 1, 1778.
PHILADELPHIA
Nothing can be a stronger proof of the disaffection of the inhabitants of New-Jersey, to the interest of rebellion, than their behavior to the troops, who went from this city on the eleventh ult. under col. Mawhood. When they landed at Salem,, none was found to oppose or impede them from collecting forage, excepting a few, who had been prevailed upon to abandon their houses, and, on the third day after the landing of the troops, to shew them- selves in arms, but the number being insignificant, they were easily crushed, and the whole killed or taken prisoners. Some days after, information was received, that a party of the rebels were collecting at a place called Hancock's bridge, on which the Queen's rangers were2
1 Probably a contribution from John Wltherspoon.
2 In spite of the flippant character of this description of the most famous of the various raids along the Delaware river, the entire affair was highly discreditable to the Anglo-Hessian arms. According to military records the descent upon Salem county was made by Anglo-Hessian troops from Philadelphia, assisted by detachments from New Jersey's loyalist regiments and unorganized bands of refugee robbers. A detached regiment from Philadelphia, under the command of Colonel Charles Mawhood, hav- ing come down the river and encamping at Sharptown, marched into Salem City. Failing to surprise Colonel Anthony Wayne and a small body of
1778]
NKWS PAPER EXTRACTS. 145
troops, the British, recruiting a party of Tory adherents, known by their uniform as ''Greens,'' resolved to "chastise the insolent rebels," among whom were three hundred militia at Quinton's Bridge, three miles from Salem C'ity. The Whig commander at this place was Colonel Benjamin Holmes. Resolving, with Spartan-like courage, to protect the people of the southern part of the county. Colonel Holmes made such preparations for his defense as the situation afforded. Early upon the morning of the 18th of March the British advanced undiscovered to within half a mile of Quinton's Bridge, secreting themselves in a swamp and in nearby tim- ber, which lined the bank of Alloway's creek. A small party of light horsemen then advanced as if to challenge the Whigs. The ruse was successful, and from the opposite shore the militia, under the command of Captain William Smith, rushed without military order across the bridge and into the ambuscade. In spite of Captain Smith's effort to rally his men, the timely appearance of Colonel Hand with the Cumberland militia, and the personal heroism of Andrew Bacon, who cut the draw of the bridge and in the midst of a galling fire held the King's troops in check, the Whig militia was decimated.
Thus defeated by a body of raw troops, who were in a state of exulta- tion over their success. Major Simcoe. appealing to Colonel Mawhood. was reinforced by all the troops that could, with safety, be sent from Salem City. The night had been devoted to strengthening the position of the Whig militia, which, under the direction of Colonels Holmes and Hand, controlled the front and both flanks of the advancing British regulars. So galling was the fire that the King's troops were thrown into confusion and retreated to Salem City.
Failing in his purpose of plundering, Colonel Mawhood adopted new tactics. Addressing a letter to Colonel Hand, he proposed that the militia at Quinton's Bridge lay down their arms, promising that after paying in sterling for all cattle, hay and corn, he would re-embark for Philadelphia. Otherwise Colonel Mawhood declared he would burn and destroy the homes of the Whigs, giving over their wives and children to the tender mercies of the refugees. To this was annexed a list of those in Salem county who would be first to "feed the vengeance of the British nation." To the letter Colonel Hand made a bold and spirited reply, characterizing the communication as the "cruel order of a barbarous Attila." refusing to lay down arms and promising retaliation if property was destroyed.
Unable to cope with the Whigs of Salem county, either by open attack or by threats. Colonel Mawhood determined upon a midnight assault against a body of four hundred militia who had been stationed at Hancock's Bridge. Conveyed thence by boats, followed by a short, forced march, with orders issued from headquarters : "Go ! spare no one — put all to death — give no quarter '." Major Simcoe was detailed to put into execution a fiendish plot, in which the most notorious of the local Tories participated. Fortunately, however, the main body of the militia had departed, leaving only a small guard stationed to guard the bridge, the headquarters being the Hancock mansion. Forcing the house, the owner of the premises, Judge Hancock, a party of non-combatant Quakers and the guard of about twenty-five men, were massacred as they slept or bayonetted as they fought for freedom. A few escaped or were taken prisoners by the enemy. This ended the expedition, and within a few days the Anglo-Hessian troops returned to Philadelphia, their vessels laden with plunder. It will be noticed that no reference whatever is made to the affair at Quinton's Bridge.
For an account of this expedition, and others of a similar character, see "New Jersey as a Colony and as a State," Vol. II., Chapter X., p. 179, ct seq.
10
146 NEW JERSEY I .\ T 1 1 K K K V< > M TION. [177S
sent off in boats, landed at the back of them, and after killing and wounding a part, made prisoners of the residue. The rebels never afterwards appeared in force, so that the troops collected the forage without any in- terruption, and the inhabitants from all quarters nocked to them, bringing what cattle, provision, &c. they could spare,, for which they received a generous price; but lamented much that the army was to depart, and leave them again to the tyranny of the rebel faction. How far this may correspond, with the pompous description which will be given to the world, by the immaculate .Mr. Livingston, is a matter of little moment as truth, will shine with superior lustre to misrepresentation. If it is said that the king's troops evacuated the place, before the militia could be called, it will stand the test; for it is an uncontrovertable fact, that in a circuit of upwards or sixty miles, three hundred men could not be mustered ; the people being fully sensible of their error, and heartily tired of the petty tyrants, who have galled and broke their spirits. This needs no farther elucidution than that, in the place of fourteen hundred men who heretofore appeared and voted at the election of their assemblymen, no more than eight constituted the majority of the last electors, which is an evident demonstration that it is now a matter of indifference who now takes the lead, as tyranny and oppression is only to be expected from such as are willing to be of the number, who constitute that illegal assembly. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, April 3, 1778.
On Tuesday last a party of the refugees, with a few marines, marched towards Woodbury, upon hearing the militia had collected about that place;- — we have not heard that the event of this march farther than that a large number of caittle has been taken. — Royal Pennsyl- vania Gazette, April 3, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 147
Yesterday upwards of thirty prisoners were brought in from the Jersies. One of them is a major Ellis, who has been a violent persecutor of the friends of government. It is said they were taken near Haddonfield, being sta- tioned, to prevent the country people coming to market. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, April 6, 1778.
New York, April 6. Last Week four Rebels were taken near Bergen by a Party of Colonel Turn-bull's New- York Volunteers.
We have a Report that there has been a Skirmish be- tween a Party of the King's Troops and the Rebels, at or near Coryell's Ferry, in New-Jersey, in which the Latter were very severely handled. — New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, April 6, 1778.
TRENTON, April 8.
On Saturday last the GENERAL ASSEMBLY of this State adjourned to Princeton, where they are now sitting, for the further dispatch of business.
Extract of & letter from Monm-outh county, dated April 1, 1778.
"The late storm has destroyed many of the small salt- works on our shore, with all the salt in them. — The night tide was several feet higher than has ever been known before — a considerable number of horned cattle l were drowned on Long Beach and other places. The Long Beach is almost wholly levelled, and but little more of it
1 Cattle were taken from the mainland to the island beaches on the New Jersey coast, and having been branded, were allowed to roam over the dunes. Many of these animals were never reclaimed and became the pro- genitors of the "wild cattle," which were not extinct in Cape May county as late as 1880.
148 \K\V .IKKSKY IX T1IK R KYOI.UTK >X. [17. >
than a sand bar left — The furniture has floated out of the lower rooms of some houses that stood low on the water- side. The inhabitants never sa.w so distressing a time."
From a correspondent we have received the following Intelligence :
"On Saturday the 21st ult. about break of day our guard posted at Hancock's bridge ;, on Alloways creek, in Salem county, consisting of about twenty men, were sur- prized by those the enemy call Jersey Volunteers : They, from, their acquaintance with the country, had found means to cross the creek and come upon flic guard from some unsuspected quarter; and being undoubtedly led by some person well Acquainted with the disposition of Gentries, opened the guard-house door and came in, many of the guard being asleep, without giving tlie least alarm, nay, so far from it, that it is said some of them sJi <><>,'.• hands in a friendly manner with some of tlie guard with whom, they were intimately acquainted, as indeed they were with most of them: and — O tempora, O mores! — immediately began bayoneting of them, without our people making the least show of resistance, not onli/ reeking their fury on the guard but also on several of the peacable inhabitants who were slumbering in their beds. One Bacon, of the people called Quakers, was inhumanly murdered in his own house and bed; old Mr. Hancock, beside his being of that society, was a cripple in both his arms, was stabbed in his bed, and is since dead of his wounds. Another of that society is also since dead of his wounds; and the life of a fourth person is despaired of."
The enemy, after immortalizing tlie British arms in the way above-mentioned, and having collected a large quantity .of forage, &c. embarked -with their booty for Philadelphia.
We hear that on Saturday morning last, Colonel Shreve
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 149
who commands the second Jersey regiment, sent a party of men under Major Howell 1 to join some of the Salem and Cumberland militia, in order to invest Billingsport, where about 150 todies had been intrenching and forti- fying themselves; but the militia not arriving in time, and the: tories getting information, the Major returned to Haddonfield, where Col. Shreve had taken post. The enemy in Philadelphia getting intelligence of what had passed, despatched 1400 men about nine o'clock at night, who landed at Gloucester Point, making a circuitous rout, with intent to surprize Col. Shreve ; but the Colonel, though in the dead of night, received intelligence of the enemy's movement, and his troops, being greatly inferior in number, all retired to Mountholly about three o'clock on Sunday morning, except three who were bayoneted by the enemy on their arrival. One of our cavalry, wTho had been dispatched to give notice to the guard at Cooper's ferry, was also killed on his way, by which means the guard had 110 notice of the enemy's approach, and several of them were killed and taken prisoners, among the latter is Major Ellis of the Gloucester Militia, and Lieutenants Stout and Hutchin of Shreve's regiment of Continental troops.
The enemy frustrated in their designs of massacreing our troops, and having gasconaded through the village, where they committed many acts of cruelty, besides burn- ing two dwelling-houses, returned to Philadelphia in the evening of the same day.
From Princeton, we leam that charitable donations from the congregations of Newark, Elizabeth-Town, Con- necticut Farms, Turky and South Hanover, Springfield Morris-Town, Scotch Plains and Bound-Brook, for the sick soldiers in the hospitals, &c. were lately sent to that place, consisting of the following articles, viz. 68 sheets; 0 pairs of new shoes; 46 blankets ; 347 pairs of stockings; 243 shirts; 200 breeches and trowsers; 200 jackets; 76
1 Richard Howell, subsequently Governor of New Jersey.
150 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
coats ; 39 yards of new cloth ; 5 coverlets ; sewing thread, yarn, buttons, several new garments cut out but not made up, new linen and a large, quantity of old, suitable for lint, &c. &c.
MARRIED,, the 24th ult. FRAXCIS BARBER,1 Esq. Lieu- tenant-Colonel of the 3d Jersey regiment, to Miss NAXCY OoDEX,2 of Elizabeth-Town, a lady of beauty and merit.
SIX POUNDS REWARD
WAS stolen out of the stable late of Robert James, de- ceased, in Lower Freehold, Momnouth county, now in possession of Richard James, a young light grey HORSE, with black grey mane and tail, five years old this -spring, about fifteen hands Tiigh ; trots. Whoever secures the thief and horse so that the owner may have him again, shall have the above reward; and for the horse only THREE POUXDS, paid by the subscriber.
RICHARD JAMES.
Trenton April 8, 1778.
STRAYED OR STOLEN
From Trenton the 27th of March last, a sorrel MARE, four years old, between 14 and 15 hands high, paces and trots. Whoever takes up said Mare and thief, and re- stores her to Captain Nixon at Penington, or to Mr. John Dickson, Commissary at Trenton, shall receive TWEXTY DOLLARS reward, or for the Mare only EIGHT
DOLLARS.
WILLIAM CHRISTEY.
1 For sketch of Francis Barber, see History of Elizabeth, New Jersey. Edwin F. Hatfleld, D.D.
2 Daughter of Moses and Mary Cozzens Ogden.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 151
April 3, 1778.
CAME to the Plantation of the subscriber in Amwell near Fleming-ton, in May last, a small dunnish sorrel HORSE, appears to be young. If no owner appears by the 1st of May, he will be sold to pay charges.
THOMAS READING.1
Springfield, March 25, 1778.
THE Trustees of New-Jersey College are desired to be) punctual in attending the meeting of their Board at Princeton on Wednesday the 15th of April, at ten o'clock, on business of the greatest importance to the institution.
JAMES CALDWELL, Clerk.
To cover the ensuing season at Dr. Cundit's, inn-keeper, at Newark Mountain Meeting-house, for NINE DOLLARS the season, the famous and well-known Horse
LIBERTY,
four years old this spring; he is a Salem colt out of the Dove mare, and is full-blooded, and thorough bred; a
1 Captain Thomas Reading, born 1734, a son of Governor John Reading. Entering the Revolution, by Congressional appointment, as Captain of the Sixth Company, Third New Jersey Regiment, February 9th, 1776, Thomas served for over a year in northern New York and Canada. Captain Read- ing was a State agent for securing military supplies June. 1778 ; com- missioned Justice of the Peace. 1783 ; founder of the Presbyterian Church la Flemington and ordained an elder. His plantation of 400 acres was located near Flemington Junction. Captain Reading died in 1814, his wife being Rebecca Ellis, daughter of Jonathan Ellis, of Waterford, Gloucester county. Genealogical and Biographical Memorials of the Reading, Howell, Yerkes, Watts, Latham and Elkins Families, p. 52 ; Josiah Granville Leach.
152 M;\V .IKIfSKV IX THE REVOLUTION. [17 is
beautiful bny. Good pasture will be provided for Mares at llnlf a Dollar per week by Doctor ( 'uudit.1
TO BE SOLD
A FEW Hogsheads of good MUSCOVADO and LOAF SUGARS, by JAMES HOOD, or SAMUEL YOUXG, near Howel's ferry.
The famous and well-known HOKSK *
TKAVELLOR,
X<>w rising eight years old, will cover the ensuing sea- son at the plantation of AMOS SWAX on the Scotch. Plains, a short half mile from the meeting-house on the road leading to Springfield. TRAVELLOR is of a full size, fifteen hands and a half high, well set to his height, his colour is a dark claret, and very beautiful. He sprung from the best blood in Great-Britain ; his pedigree is the same as True Briton, they being brothers. His carriage, beauty, behaviour and spirit, make him equal if not superior to any horse within this State. He is to cover at TEN DOLLARS a mare and a Dollar to the groom, the money to be paid at the time of covering, or before taken if required. Good pasture will be provided for Mares at Half a Dollar per week.
AMOS SWAN.
1 Dr. John Condit was born in Orange, July 8th, 17.~>5. and in 1776 was commissioned a Surgeon in Heards' Brigade, but soon resigned, returning to his home to practice his profession. In political life he was a member of the New Jersey Legislature, represented the State in Congress and subsequently became Assistant Collector of the Port of New York in Jersey City. Clark says of him. "He kept many horses and was perpetually on the road." Dr. Condit's death occurred May 4th. 1834. his grave being in Orange, near the Academy of which he was a founder and tmstee.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 153
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
WAS stolen from the subscriber on or about the fourth instant, . One Hundred and Thirty Dollars Continental currency, in a sheet, containing bills of the following de- nominations, viz. two of Thirty Dollars; two of Eight Dollars ; two of Seven Dollars ; two of Six Dollars ; two of Five Dollars; two of Four Dollars; two of Tliree Dollars; and two of Two Dollars each, dated the 20th May 1777 — one half of them numbered 177354, and the other half 177397 : All persons are desired in receiving payment for any debt, to secure such bills if offered, also the person from whom they receive them, of which they will please to give me notice, that the thief may be brought to punishment, and the money restored to the proper owner ; in which case the above reward shall be paid by me, living at Mr. Samuel Hunt's, about a mile from Pennington.
BERRYMAX GREEN, Pay-Master
April 6, 1778. 1st Eegt L. D.
Bound-Brook, April 2, 177S.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of WILLIAM CROLIUS, jun. of Xew-York. Potter, deceased, whether by bond, note or book debt, are desired to come and make im- mediate payment to George Janeway or John Crolius at Bound-Brook. All those likewise who have any demands iigainst said estate, are requested to bring in their ac- counts properly attested, that they may be settled by
GEORGE J AXE WAY, ^
JOHX CROLIUS, 'V Executors.
PETER CROLIUS, )
154 MEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
April 2, 1778.
All persons indebted to the estate of JOSEPH CHAMBERS, late of Nottingham, Burlington county, deceas. either by bond, bill or book debt, are requested to make speedy pay- ment to the subscribers, or else they may expect to be dealt, with as the law directs. And all those who have any demands against said estate, are desired to bring them well attested for settlement.
ROBERT CHAMBERS, I T,
> Executors.
ROBERT WILSON, j
Trenton, April 5, 1778.
WAS taken out of the office of Ebenezer Cowell, Esq. when the enemy we5*e in Trenton, a DAY-BOOK, LEIDGER and two or three DOCQUETS, with a number of other books and papers belonging to the estate of Abraham Cottnam, Esq. deceased. The subscribers think some person ii> or near Trenton has them — 30 dollars reward for the Leidger, 20 for the Dockets, and a handsome reward for any other books or papers belonging to the said estate will be given to any person who will deliver or inform the subscribers who has them, so that they may get them again.
The subscribers propose to sell or let that tenement called DOWSDALE, situated near Trenton, on the Hopewell road, with two dwelling-houses, a kitchen, barn, and a good orchard thereon, containing thirteen acres more or less, five of which are excellent meadow, with a constant stream of water running through the same, being very convenient for erecting a tan-yard. Any person in- clining to purchase the above, will be informed of further particulars by applying to the subscribers, or in their absence to Ebenezer Cowell, Esq.
•ROBERT HOOPS. ) -^
> Executors.
GEORGE COTTNAM,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 155
THIS is to certify to the Publick that the Newark Post will not carry letters unless they are paid for it; except letters from the subscribers for this paper to the Printer.
JOHN HEDDEN, ALEXANDER ANDERSON.
EIGHT DOLLARS REWARD.
Supposed to be taken from the door of Mr. William Downing, in Princeton, a Dapple G-rey MARE,, between fourteen and fifteen hands high, not branded; trots and gallops; is about eleven years old. Whoever secures either mare or thief, shall have Five Dollars for the mare and Three Dollars for the thief, with reasonable charges, paid by Thomas Earl, living in Springfield, or B. Smith, in Trenton.
April 3, 1778. Mr. COLLINS,
IF the following account of an extraordinary News Paper promises any entertainment to your Customers, you may give it a place in the New-Jersey Gazette.
AMONGST those who left Philadelphia on the approach of the enemy to that city, a Gentleman, who had with him a portable printing-press, took refuge somewhere near Egg-fiarbour. By means of a well-conducted corre- spondence with a friend in the city, he obtained constant and authentic intelligence of the most minute occurrences there. Thus provided, he, for the amusement of himself and a few friends, publishes a paper every fortnight, which he calls PASQUIN,, or the MINUTE INTELLIGENCER. As these papers are not for sale, and but a few copies struck off, they do not circulate and are but little known. Being an old acquaintance, he constantly sends me one of his curious performances. As a specimen of the work ; I have selected the following articles.
15l» NEW JKKSEY IX • THE If KYOI.l Tl< >.\ . [1778
"It is said the English Ministry, having; no hopes of subduing America by force of arms, whilst the inhabi- tants retain their native virtue, have instructed the officers in their army to try a more certain method of success; by debauching the morals of the men, and seducing the virtue of the women. For this purpose play-houses are opened, gaming-tables established, and balls promoted, in a city languishing under a scarcity of the necessities of life.""
"His Excellency General Howe, ever attentive t<> the health of his army, took the advantage of some fair weather in December last, and determined to give his troops an airing, of which they stood in great need. For this purpose he ordered the whole of his forces out, and heading them himself, took a walk into the country. His benevolent intention was to proceed as far as Reading and Lancaster, but finding the roads about Edge-Hill much infested with armed rebels he thought proper to return to the city ; which he did with considerable precipitation, being apprehensive of an approaching storm. Some think he might have forced his way through the banditti, but he was too prudent a General to expend his Majesty's powder and shot on such a ragged crew."
"We have the pleasure of assuring the publick, that the disputes respecting the arrangement of the Royal Afrir/m J i ('!/ intent, are now at an end, his Excellency having de- termined that arrangement in the following manner: QUACO, Colonel, S.\: \rfiO,, Lieutenant-Colonel, ( YKKKY, Major,
TONEY, CUDJOE,
The contest for pre-eminence between Quaco and Sambo was long and obstinate. 1^ is evident that Sa<nibo has the thickest lips and the whitest teeth, but his Ex- et Henry's partiality is in favour of Quaco, as he has
177S] XKWSPAPKR EXTRACTS. 157
honoured him with the command; and at the entertain- ment lately given by the officers of the Royal African Regiment, his Excellency opened the ball with Colonel (Bunco's Lady, and danced very gracefully to the music of a full orchestra of banjoes and hurdy-gurdies. — How far the superior beauty of Colonel Quaco's Lady may have contributed to his promotion is uncertain." a
"We hear that general orders have issued for having the Royal African Regiment shorn every three months; in order to supply the Ladies of the Court of Great- Britain with wool, sufficient for the present fashionable head-dress."
ADVERTISEMENT
"XOW in the press, and shortly will be published, neatly bound in calf, The Miscellaneous Works of his Excellency General Sir William Howe, in prose and verse; containing, amongst many other curious particu- lars, the following articles;
"1st. The history of the American war; or, the art of insuring infamy in this world and miseay in the next. 2d. A dissertation on the cardinal virtues; in which it is proved, that justice and mercy ought to be excluded from holding any place among them. 3d. The game of picqnet in a new way; by which it is shown how a person may win ten thousand guineas at a game, and yet the loser remain perfectly satisfied. By this method, cards become not only an amusement, but very useful in the settlement of accounts. N. B. In this learned work his Excellency acknowledges that he has been assisted by Mr. Ware the Commissary General.2 4th. The value of British gold; or, the art of paying off large accounts with small sums; illustrated by a variety of real cases, particularly one in which a just bill of 550 1. was discharged by 50 guineas,
1 A covert allusion to General Howe's reputation for indiscriminate gallantry.
2 An allusion to General Howe's love for gambling.
158 XKW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUT1OX. [1778
and a receipt in full obtained. 5th. Men immortalized : i n 1 1 deatli defeated; or, the returns of the British army: V herein is shewn how the pay and rations of a thousand soldiers may be drawn, who have long since died of putrid fevers, or been slain in battle. 6th. The contented cuckold, an heroic poem. 7th. Songs and amorous odes, in the Eastern style; a hymn to Venus; Cliloe, or the African beauty ; an invitation to Bacchus, in the German taste; the progress of cruelty, in six cantos, &c.
''The work will be comprised in three volumes octavo; a fourth volume will contain congratulatory addresses to his Excellency, from the several provinces, wherein he has restored constitutional liberty. But these addresses have not yet come to hand."
"XOW publishing in sheets, and to be sold at Phila- delphia THE POLITICAL LIAR; or, The New Fairy Tales: Wherein is related •how a shameful defeat may, with ease, be converted into a glorious victory — how large re- inforcements may be obtained by art magic — how France is abandoning Ameica, by sending her large supplies of warlike stores and other necessaries — how General Wash- ington lost his senses, and left a portmanteau, containing all his original letters and secrets of State, with a sick negroe, whereby they fell into the hands of the British officers, and are now publishing at large in the political liar - - with many other entertaining aticles of the same kind.
"A GREAT price in hard money, will be given for a little heart' s-ease. Apply to the Superintend a,nt General."
From the late London papers.
TO BE SOLD by publick auction, on the first of April, 1778, at the Royal Exchange— HANOVER,
WITH ALL THE PRIVATE ESTATE OF GEORGE WELPS.1 1 Guelph. This satire is probably from the pen of Governor Livingston.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 159
The vast sums arising from this sale, are, by his Majesty's most gracious promise, to be distributed amongst the TORIES in America, who have suffered so much on his ac- count.— New-Jersey Gazette, No. 19, April 8, 1778.
Last week a rebel schooner was taken in Duck creek, and brought up to this city. The number of the crew now prisoners, are about twenty, amongst whom are two pilots, Henry Tudor and James Bruce. It is said she was taken by a party of the crew belonging to the Diamond.
New- York, April 8. Last Sunday Morning a Party of about 200 of the King's troops landed at a Place called Squam, 40 miles to the Southward of Sandy-Hook, in New-Jersey, and destroyed the Rebel Sal1> Works at that Place, and next Day also destroyed some of the same Kind of Works lately set up at Shark-River near that Neighborhood. The Particulars of which we must defer till our next. — New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, Extraordinary, April 8, 1778.
Extract of a letter from Trenton, New-Jersey, March 20.
A considerable number of the enemy are over at Salem, mostly Greens; but I believe their stay will be short, as the militia from Cumberland, aided by their Magistrates and old men (who are exempt by law) are marching with a determination to fight them wherever they can find them. If Pennsylvania and the whole of Jersey were like Cumberland, Morris, Somerset, and some other parts of the State, where no person, who is able to carry a musket, will be exempt when the enemy come near, these plunderers must have sucked their paws in the city, or quit the parts before now." — The Pennsylvania Packet, April 8th, 1778.
1»',0 NKW .JKKSKY I.\ Till-: U KV< U.TTION. [177s
X( w-York, April !.'>. Last Tuesday arrived Captain Robertson, of the :J5tli Regiment, from an Kxeursion mi the Monniouth Coast, with the pleasing Account as fol- lows: That on the 4-th Instant, Capt. Potterfield of the 71st Regimenr, with a Detachment of 150 men, sailed from A'e \v-York in three small Vessels, under the Convoy of the armed Sloop George, and proceeded to Sandy- Hook, where they were joined by forty Marines and Pro- vincials. On the 5th in the Morning they sailed from the Hook, under the Command of Capt. Collins of the Fowey ; at eight o'Clock of the same Morning arrived off Squam, where the Troops landed and marched up to some -very considerable Salt-Works, erected there by the Rebels, which they entirely demolished. There could nor be less than One Hundred different. Houses, in each of which were from six to ten Coppers and Kettles, for the Purpose of boiling Salt, one of the Houses (which belonged to Congress) cost 6000 1. building. Besides demolishing the above Works, they destroyed immense Quantities of Salt, Beef, salted and dried Hams, Sides of Bacon, Flour, Corn and Hay. They brought off a sloop belonging to Boston, partly loaded with Flour, and at three o'Clock in the Afternoon re-embarked without Opposition.
On the 6th they landed a Small reconnoitering Party at, Shark, but the Wind coming to the Eastward, occasioned so high a Surf, that they were under the Necessity of re- embarking, which prevented them from demolishing the Salt-works that the Rebels had at that Place. They then weighed Anchor and arrived at their Cantonments on the 7th. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, April IS, 1778.
To Be SOLD or EXCHANGED.
For Houses or Lands, in or near this City, the fol- lowing Lands and Premises, situated in the county of t 'uiul)erland, Xew-Jersey.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 161
Two Lotts of Ground, near the Market-house in Road's Town, fronting each other on the main-street, containing about a quarter of an acre in each Lot, on which are erected a well finished two story brick House, with- a cel- lar under the whole, and well paved with brick; a good Frame House, well finished and painted, adjoining the Brick House, with a Frame Kitchen back of the same, and part of a Pump of excellent water, near the front door; a good strong Frame Store House, a good Frame Barn, well covered with cedar, and stable room for six or eight horses, a Chair House, a Smoak House, and other out-buildings and garden well paled in with cedar. The whole of the buildings are good, having been built not many years since. It is an excellent place for a store or shop-keeper, as the subscriber has found by several years experience and would serve for any tradesman inn-keeper or private gentleman.
Twelve other Lotts of excellent Grass Land, in said town fronting the main street aforesaid, containing half an acre in each Lott, all under good fence, with a number of good bearing apple and peach trees on several of said Lotts; the whole is pleasantly situated in as good a part as any in said town for building thereon.
Xine Acres of Grass Land, adjoining on the back of the last mentioned Lotts, and under good fence*
Five Acres of good Wood Land, about half a mile from said town, joining a main road leading from the town of Greenwich to Salem, and a stream of water on one end of said Land.
A Plantation, containing 125 Acres of good Land, situate about a half a mile from Road's Town aforesaid, 80 Acres or upwards of which is cleared and under good fence, the remainder is good woodland: The whole is well watered, having springs of water in different fields, and at stream of water, being the line on one side of said Plantation which is thought sufficient for an oil or fulling mill, and is in a fine part of the country for such business.
11
162 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [17."
There is on said Plantation a good Brick House, with a large cellar under the same, a large frame Kitchen, a good Well of Water near the door, a large frame Barn lied other out-buildings, about one hundred bearing Apple Trees of good Fruit, a young Peach Orchard, of about the same number of Trees, as also Cherry and other Fruit Trees on the premises.
Five Acres of Salt Marsh, lying in the township of Greenwich ; and is between three and four miles from the said Plantation.
Seventy-four Acres of Cedar Swamp, lying on the v side of Morris-River, which would be profitable at this time, either for making rails or boards, it being within SO rods of a landing, where vessels of burden pass and repass to and from this city, and is joining to cedar swamp of Joshua ^rick, Esq ; l and others.
All the above mentioned Premises (except the Cedar Swamp and Marsh) are in a healthy part of the country, that abounds in corn, flax, &c. and are about five miles from Bridgetown, where the county courts are held and about four miles from the town of Greenwich, where there is navigation for sloops and is very near to sundry good grist mills, and very handy to places of worship such as the Friends, Presbyterians, First Day and Seventh Day Baptists.
They will be sold together, or separate as will best suit the purchaser, and may be viewed, by applying to Mr. ELIJAH OWEX and Mr. ELIJAH TOMBLESOX, on and near the premises.
For terms apply to the subscriber, in Union Street, three doors below Second-street Philadelphia, where the deeds and draughts of each, and all the premises may be viewed, and an indisputable title given by
DAVID BOWEX. — The Pennsylvania Journal April 14, 1779.
1 Joshua Brick and his son, Joshua, were large landowners of the south- ern portion of Cumberland county. _
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 163
BY HIS EXCELLENCY WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, ESQ.
Governor,, Captwn-General and Commander in Chief in and over the State of New-Jersey, and the Territories thereunto belonging, Chancellor and Ordinary in th-e samei
PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS the honorable the Congress did, on the 7th day of this present month of March, pass a resolution in the words following, to wit, 'Whereas Almighty God in 'the righteous dispensation of his providence, hath per- 'mitted the continuation of a cruel and desolating war in 'our land; and it being at all times the duty of a people 'to acknowledge God in all his ways, and more especially 'to humble themselves- before him when evident tokens 'of his displeasure aire manifested; to acknowledge his 'righteous government, confess and forsake their evil, 'ways, and implore his mercy.
'It is therefore recommended to the United States of 'America to set apart Wednesday the 22d day of April 'next, to be observed as a day of fasting, humiliation and '•prayer; that at one time and with one voice, the inhabi- 'tants may acknowledge the righteous dispensations of 'divine providence, and confess their iniquities and trans- 'gressions for which the land mourneth; that they may 'implore the mercy and forgiveness of God; and beseech 'him that vice, profaneness, and extortion and every evil 'may be done away, and that we may be a reformed and 'happy people: That they may unite in humble and 'earnest supplication, that it may please Almighty God kto guard and" defend us against our enemies ; and give 'vigour and success to our military operations by sea and
164 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [177s
'land; that it may please him to bless the civil rulers 'and people; strengthen and perpetuate our union, and 'in his own good time establish us in the peaceable en- joyment of our rights and liberties; that it may please 'him to bless our schools and seminaries of learning, and 'make them nurseries of true piety, virtue and useful 'knowledge; that it may please him to cause the earth 'to yield its increase, and to crown the year with his 'goodness.
'And it is further recommended to the inhabitants of 'the United States, to abstain on that day from all labour 'and recreations.'
I have therefore thought fit by and with the advice of the Privy Council, to appoint the said 22d day of April next, to be set apart and observed throughout this State as a day of publick pasting, humiliation and prayer for the purposes in the above-recited resolutions mentioned: Whereof all the inhabitants of this State are required to take notice and govern themselves accordingly. And 1 do hereby recommend it to the ministers of the gospel of every denomination, in. this State, to perform divine ser- vice, and to the people committed to their charge to at- tend on publick worship on that day; and to observe the same, with the devotion and humility, the gratitude and fear becoming sinful dependent creatures, towards the inexhaustible source of all their mercies; who, by his all- wise and superintending province, hath hitherto enabled us to resist a powerful enemy meditating the total ex- tinction of our Liberty, and whose indignation would be justly exasperated for our spending, with levity, a day, peculiarly appropriated to his honour; and which, our manifold offences and unnatural ingratitude against him, render it our indispensable duty, to sanctify, with the most awful veneration for his transcendant majesty, the most unfeigned thanks for his unmerited favours, and the deepest contrition of soul for the innumerable transgres- sions, by which we have provoked his righteous dis-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 165
pleasure - - And as no external forms of humiliation, or corporal austerities, or any momentary sorrow for sin, can propitiate an 0'ffended God; nor avert his vengeance from a guilty land ; without genuine repentance, real amendment of life and reformation of manners ; it is devoutly to be wished, that the appointed solemnity may be the happy means of bringing us to an utter dereliction of all our prevalent vices; our avarice and extortion; our want of bowels for houseless impoverished exiles; our criminal languor in the glorious cause of Liberty, our profaneness and infidelity; and our contempt of things sacred and serious: That it may by a thorough reno- vation of hearts, rendelr us conspicuous for our generosity and beneficence; our patriotism and publick spirit; our virtue and purity of manners, and our habitual reverence for Almighty God, his holy revelation, and instituted ordinances — In a word that, in the language of the prophet, it may appear to have been a fast, chosen of the Lord, by our subsequent practice, of dealing our bread to the hungry, and bringing the poor that are cast out into our houses; by covering the naked when we see him, and not hiding ourselves from our own flesh; by loosing the bands of wickedness, AND BREAKING EVERY YOKE.
GIVEN under my hand and seal at arms at Trenton, the 19th day of March in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and seventy-eight.
WIL. LIVINGSTON. By His Excellency's command,
Wm. LIVINGSTON,, jun. D. Sec.
GOD SAVE THE PEOPLE.
166 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. BY HIS EXCELLENCY
WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, ESQ.
Governor, Captain-General and Commander in Chief in and over the State of New-Jersey, and Territories thereunto belonging, Chancellor and Ordinary in the same.
IT is his Excellency's order, that Brigadier-General Heard's brigade consist of the militia of the counties of Middlesex, Hunterdon, Burlington, and Monmouth; and that the militia of the counties of Bergen, Morris, Essex, Somerset and Sussex, compose the brigade of General Winds : • And that the said Brigadiers-General, and every Colonel or commanding officer of a regiment, and every Captain or commanding officer of a company of the militia of this State, not having already made a return of the number of men in his regiment or company, and of their accoutrements and ammunition, pursuant to his Excel- lency's order of the thirteenth of December last, is hereby directed to make such return on or before the first day of May next, on pain of being prosecuted for default thereof, agreeable to the direction of the Act of Assembly in that case made and provided. And the said officers are further directed particularly to specify the persons in their re- spective corps who have procured, or pretend to have procured substitutes in any of the four New-Jersey regi- ments in the continental service, with the names of such substitutes, and the time when, place where, and. the officers by whom such substitutes are said to have been inlisted.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 167
GIVEN under my liand at Princeton, the 6th day of April in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hun- dred and seventy-eight.
WIL. LIVIXGSTOK By His Excellency's command,
WM. LIVINGSTON, jun. D. Sec.
Mr. COLLINS,
IF any thing but final despair of succeeding in their iniquitous and sanguinary purpose of enslaving a free people, induces the British troops to violate every rule of war, to extinguish every sentiment of humanity, and to perpetrate the most deliberate murders on people utterly defenceless and absolutely in their power, it will only aggravate their infamy and deepen the black dye of the black catalogue of their Gothic barbarities. It is surely a perfect novelty in the history of modern war, to treat people the worse for bravely defending themselves; and threatening a whole country with savage devastation, for not tamely submitting to the demands of an enemy, and bowing their necks to the yoke of bondage without any resistance. The proscribing of individuals and dooming them to destruction by the hands of their own country- men, is another innovation in the laws of arms peculiar to those who boast of their national valour and humanity. I doubt not, however, but the intended victims are greatly obliged to Colonel Mawhood for this consummate at- testation to their virtue and their patriotism, as I dare say every worthy citizen deems his character the more illustrious in proportion to the enemy's resentment against him ; and would be almost tempted to suspect himself of some infidelity to America, if he did not -excite the keenest vengeance of those who seem to have declared war against everything good and excellent; and whose favour is only to be conciliated by turning traitor to ones native country. As an instance of the most unsoldierly
168 XEW JERSP:Y ix THE REVOLUTION. [1778
and cruel conduct of the British troops, and the laudable and spirited behaviour of our militia, I enclose you a copy of Colonel Mawhood's letter to Colonel Hand, and of Hand's answer to the insolent demand, both of which have accidentally fallen into my possession, and which I shall be obliged to you for inserting in your paper as soon as possible.
COLOXEL Mawhood, commanding a detachment of the British army at Salem, induced by motives of humanity, proposes to the militia at Quintins Bridge and the neigh- bourhood, as well officers as private men, to lay down their arms and depart each man to his home: On that condition he solemnly promises to re-embark his troops without delay, doing no further damage to the country; and he will cause his commissaries to pay for the cattle, hay, and corn, that Jiave been taken, in sterling money.
If, on the contrary, the militia should be so far de- luded, and blind to their true interest and happiness, he will put the arms which he has brought with him into the hands of the inhabitants well-affected, called tones, and will attack all such of the militia as remain in arms, burn and destroy their houses and other property, and reduce them, their unfortunate wives and children to beggary and distress ; and to convince them that these are not vain threats, 'he has subjoined a list of the names of such as will be the first objects to feel the vengeance of the British nation.
Given under my hand at Head-Quarters, at Salem, the twenty-first day of March, 1778.
C. MAWHOOD1 Colonel.
1 Conspicuous in the Battles of Trenton and Princeton.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 169
Edmund Keesby, Thomas Sinnickson, Samuel Dick, Whitten Crips, Ebenezer Howell, Edward Hall, John Bowen, Thomas Thomson, George Treiiehard, Elisha, Cattle, Andrew Sinnickson, Nicholas Keen, Jacob Hufty, Benjamin Holmes, William Shute, Anthony Sharp, and Abner Penton.
SIR,
I HAVE been favoured with what you say humanity has induced you to propose. It would have given me much pleasure to have found that humanity had been the line of conduct to your troops since you came to Salem. Not only denying quarters, but butchering our men who sur- rendered themselves prisoners in the skirmish at Quintin's Bridge last Thursday, and bayonetting yesterday morning at Hancock's Bridge, in the most cruel manner in cold blood, men who were taken by surprize, in a situation in which they neither could nor did attempt to make any resistance, and some of whom were not fighting men; are instances too shocking for me to relate, and I hope for you to hear. — The brave are ever generous and humane. — After expressing your sentiments of humanity, you proceed to make a request which I think you would despise us if we complied with. Your proposal, that we should lay down our arms, we absolutely reject. We have taken them up to maintain rights which are dearer to us than our lives, and will not lay them down, 'till either success has crowned our cause with victory, or like many ancient worthies contending for liberty, we meet with an honourable death. You mention that if we re- ject your proposal, you will put arms into the hands of the tories against us ; we have no objection to the measure, for it would be a very good one to fill our arsenals with arms. — Your threats to wantonly burn and destroy our houses and other property, and reduce our wives and children to beggary and distress, is a sentiment which my humanity almost forbids me only to recite, and in-
170 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
ciuces me to imagine I am reading the cruel order of a barbarous Atila, and not of a Gentleman, brave, generous, and polished with a genteel European education — To wantonly destroy, will injure your cause more than ours — it will encrease your enemies and our army. — To destine to destruction the property of our most dis- tinguished men, as you have done in your proposals, is, in my opinion, unworthy a generous foe; and more like a rancorous feud between two contending Barons, than a war carried on by one of the greatest powers on earth, against a people nobly struggling for Liberty — a line of honour would mark out that these men should share the fate of their country — If your arms should be crowned with victory, which God forbid, they and their property will be entirely at the disposal of your Sovereign. The loss of their property, while their persons are out of your power, will onjy make them desperate; and, as I said before, encrease your foes and our army ; and re- taliation upon tories and their property is not entirely out of our power. Be assured that these are the senti- ments and determined resolution, not of myself only, but of all the officers and privates under me.
My prayer is, Sir, that this answer may reach you in health and great happiness.
Given at Head-Quarters, at Quintin's Bridge, the twenty-second day of March, 1778.
ELIJAH HAND, Colonel.1
To c. Mawhood, Colonel.
Extract of a letter from Kildare, Monmouth county, April 9, 1778.
"About 135 of the enemy landed on Sunday last about ten o'clock, on the south side of Squan inlet, burnt all the salt-works, broke the kettles, &c. stripped the beds, &c.
1 First Battalion Cumberland, June 6th, 1777.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 171
of some people there, .who I fear, wish'd to serve them — then crossed the river and burnt all excepting Dirrick Longstreet's1 : after this mischief they embarked. The next day they landed at Shark river and set fire to two small works, when they observed fifteen horsemen heave in sight, which occasioned them to retreat with great pre- cipitation, indeed they jumped in their flat-bottomed boats in such confusion that they sunk one or two of them. One of their pilots was the noted Thomas Oakeson. The enemy consisted chiefly of Greens, the rest Highlanders."
On Saturday the llth instant died at Burlington, in the 29th year of her age, ^Mrs. RACHEL, HELME, wife of BENJAMIN HELME, esquire. — Her agreeable manners rendered her very amiable to those who had the pleasure of her acquaintance: and her patience and fortitude, during a long and painful illness, fully evinced her entire resignation to the Will of Heaven, Her remains were decently interred on Monday following in Friends burying-ground in Burlington, attended by most of the inhabitants.
We hear that Mr. John Gordon, of Somerset county, who lately married Miss Sukey Lane, (mentioned in Number 18 of this papeor) was, a few days ago, thrown from his horse, by which he was hurt so much that he died in a short time after ; in consequence of which, it is said, a considerable estate falls to his widow.
This PAPER will be published next week on Thursday.
YOUNG SELIM,
STANDS at the stable of Benjamin Slack, junior, in Maidenhead, in the State of New Jersey, and will COVER MARES the ensuing Summer at three pounds the season, forty shillings the first leap and ten shillings for every leap afterwards, or four pounds to warrant a foal. Selim
.NKW JERSEY IAr THE REVOLUTION. [1778
is full bred, his sire was Old Selim the celebrated racer, his clam a full bred Dorsan mare, is fifteen and a half hands high, very gay and liandsome. Good pasture will be provided.
Maidenhead, April 6, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,,
BY the box, 7 by 9 and 8 by 10 window glass; a few pieces of good broadcloths of neat colours, with a parcel of buttons; best scarf twist; knee-garters, &c copperas at a low price; Lancaster ginn; port and claret wine; best French cotton, &c. by THOMAS NIXOK,, about two miles from Trenton, at the widow Stevens's near Skirm's and Phillip's mills. April 14.
TO BE SOLD BY
ROBERT SINGER,
BEST green and bohea tea, muscovado sugar, melasses, coffee and chocolate, pepper, allspice, and cinnamon; linens, calimancoes, calicoes, and camblets; damask, per- sians, duecapes, and taffetys; a large variety of ribbons, superfine broadcloths, common ditto, white dimitty, men's and women's gloves, men's and women's worsted stockings, children's thread ditto, silk and thread, gause, fine and coarse thread, silk and hair twist, nankeens, worsted binding, and fine and coarse tooth combs, &c. &c.
Trenton, April 15, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
AT PUBLICK VENDTJE by George Brown, on Saturday the 18th instant (April) at the market-house in Trenton,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS.
at two o'clock in the afternoon, a number of men's plain and welted saddles; also women's hunting ditto, and a number of blind bridlts.
EIGHT DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or STOLEN from the subscriber, a bright bay mare, about fourteen hands high, a natural trotter, of a low carriage but very nimble, a blaze on her face reaching down to her nose, three white feet, a short switch tail, and about nine years old; her breast has been galled by the collar which may be seen by the short hair on the spots in several places; also a small gall on her withers, oc- casioned by the saddle, and remains bare; is branded on her left thigh with a mark resembling a hay-fork the points downward, and shod all round. Whoever takes up and secures the mare, that the owner may have her again, shall receive the above reward and all reasonable charges, paid by
JOHN THOMSON.
New-Brunswick, March 31, 1778.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN out of a stable at Trenton, on Friday night, the 27th of March 1778, a red roan horse fourteen hands and a half high, trots, marked in the right ear with a half penny, large mane, and shod all round. Whosoever takes up said horse so that the owner may have him again, and the thief is brought to justice, shall have the above re- ward; or for the horse TEN DOLLARS and reasonable charges paid by the subscriber, living near Kingston, in Middlesex county.
JOHN BASTEDO.
174 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
PUBLICK notice is hereby given to the Subscribers for the Neiw- Jersey Gazette at Allentown, Hight's-town, Cranberry, English-town, and Monmouth Court-house, that I will, if encouraged, ride post at the moderate price of 7s6 to Allentown!, per annum, to Hight's-town for 10s. to Cranberry for lls. to English-town for 12s6. and to Monmouth Court-house for 15s. provided there are 250 subscribers to the post, (one quarter of the money to paid in hand) and as many more as shall sign for the paper, and pay the post equivalent.
JOHN VANKIRK.
Middlesex County, April 3, 1778.
THOSE in the Eastern parts of this State who are will- ing to favour the State Lottery, may apply to Mr. Caldwell, at Springfield, Essex County, any time between the 20th of April and 1st of May, where tickets may be obtained. April 13, 1778.
BOND and PAIN, Have for sale at their Store in Morristown,
A QUANTITY of dry goods; likewise a few barrels of brimstone, which they will dispose of at a very reasonable rate. April 3, 1778.
AMERICAS,
A BEAUTIFUL chestnut brown horse, is in excellent order, full 15 hnds high, will COVER MARES the ensuing season at the stable lately belonging to Peter Vanderveer, deceased, in the county of Somerset, within two miles of Rocky-hill, at FIVE DOLLARS the single leap and TWELVE DOLLARS the season. Americas is a full blooded horse, was
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 175
bred by the Earl of Stirling,1 and came from a horse and mare imported by him from the best stock in Old Eng- land ; he is very strong and neat, his carriage and courage equal if not superior to any horse in America. Good care will be taken of mares, and pasture provided at a reason- able price.
Rocky-hill, April 4, 1778.
TO BE SOLD.
AT publick vendue, on Friday the 24th of this instant, at two o'clock in the afternoon, a HOUSE and LOT of GROUND at Raritan landing, very pleasantly situated near the bridge, a shop and store-house adjoining the dwelling house; also a stable large enough to hold eight or ten horses, with an extraordinary good garden; is a good stand for a merchant or inn-keeper. For further particu- lars enquire of
PETER SCHENCK, Jim.
April 6, 1778.
Young Bullerock,
A BEAUTIFUL bay horse, in excellent order, 5 years old this grass, fifteen hands high, will COVER MARES the ensu- ing season at the stable of Mr. Matthias Vandike, in Mid- dlesex county, within one mile of Kingston, at the old stated price of Three Pounds per Mare the season — The money to be paid when the mares are covered. Young Bullerock is a full blooded horse, was got by the famous horse Old Bullerock, and his dam Brittania, whose stock and blood being so well known in the State of New-Jersey wants no further pedigree. Good care will be taken of mares, and pasture provided at a moderate price. March 4, 1778.
1 William Alexander.
176 NEW JERSEY IX THE KEVOLUTIOX. [1778
BY virtue of a writ of fieri facias to me directed, will be exposed to sale by way of public vendue, the 16th of June next ensuing, at the premises, a valuable plantation situate in Readington, Hunterdon county, Xew-Jersey, whereon the widow Vanderspeigel now lives, containing about 300 acres. There is on it a good dwelling house and barn, a good bearing orchard, good tilable land, a large quantity of good meadow, and much more may be easily made, well watered and in a healthy part of the country. Yendue to begin at 12 o'clock, and the condi- tions made known by
jos. IXSLEE, Sheriff.
Hunterdon County, April 13, 1778.
TO BE SOLD
A PLAXTATIOX in Piles-grove, Salem county, about five miles from the Pine tavern, three from the glass-house, and four from Woodstown, containing 162 acres of land, with a frame house and kitchen adjoining; a good orchard of apples and peaches ; plenty of good \vater ; eight or ten acres of meadow, and between thirty and forty more may be made at a small expence; there is about 60 acres of cleared land, the rest woods and swamp. Also another small tenement with a small peach orchard, &c. likewise a good out-let. The whole rents for 291. per annum. For further particulars enquire of the Printer hereof.
April 13, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
Any time between this and the tenth of May next, and if not sold then, to be let, two houses in the city of Xew- Brunswiek, State of New-Jersey, situate in the main street leading from the ferry, to wit, one on the Xorth side of said street, lately in the possession Mrs. Catharine
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 177
Allen, deceased, in tolerable good order and in which a store has been kept for many years. The other on the south side of said street, left much out of repair by the British troops who were the last tenants. For terms of sale enquire of Mr. William Harrison in Brunswick, or the subscriber at the Quartermaster's office in Trenton.
SAMUEL H. SULLIVAN, Admin. Trenton, April 10, 1778.
—New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 20, April 15, 1778.
On Saturday, the llth inst. died at Burlington, in the 29th year of her age, Mrs. RACHEL HELME, wife of BENJAMIN HELME, Esq; late of the city of New- York.
They who had the pleasure of her acquaintance will long regret her loss and respect her memory. In every relation of life she was truly amiable, and her deportment, during a long and painful illness was every way exemplary. Her patient and chearful resignation was worthy of the Christian, whose faith can bid defiance to the King of Terrors. Her remains were decently interred on the Mon- day following in the Friends burying ground in that place, attended by the principal part of the inhabitants. — The Pennsylvania Ledger, April 18, 1778.
WAS taken out of the house of Captain Thomas Brown, of Pamrepough, on Saturday night the llth instant, the following pieces of plate, viz, a silver tea pot, maker's name Banker ; 6 silver table spoons, marked A 7 tea spoons, 4 of them marked M. the
T B. T B.
other three marked E and the date of the year, a sause
M T.
cup with a mermaid engraved thereon ; a bowl marked E. T. and half a dozen silver handled knives and forks.
12
178 NEW JERSEY IN* THE REVOLUTION. [1~'^
Should any of the abve articles be offered for sale, 'tis re- quested the owner may be made acquainted therewith.— New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, April 20, 17 7>.
TREXTOX, April 23.
Suturday last the General Assembly of this State ad- journed to the 27th of May next, then to meet at Prince- ton. During their sitting, they passed sixteen acts.
Monday last the house of Mr. Evan Reynolds, near this town, took fire by accident, while the family were from home, and was entirely consumed.
The next Supreme Court for this State is appointed, by ordinance, to be held at Crosswicks on the second Tues- day in Mav next,
- v
ffl^'No more Subscriptions can be received at present
for this GAZETTE for Want of Paper. As this is an article greatly wanted for many other uses, it is ardently to be wished that every Family in this State would be careful to save their Rags, and send them, as Opportunity offers, either to the Paper-Mill at Spotswood, to the Printing- Office at Trenton, or to Anthony Armbruster's in Burling- ton— where THREE PENCE per Pound is given for those that are delivered clean whether coarse or fine, or whether Cotton or Linen. It is expected that Storekeepers, who wish well to their Country, will lend their Assistance in taking them in, and to whom a Compensation will be made.
His Excellency the Governor desires the gentlemen em- ployed by this state to purchase horses for the service,1 to send them as soon as purchased to such of the following places as may be most convenient, with reference to those parts of the state in which they are bought, taking receipts for the same, with the proper descriptions ; to wit, to Capt.
1 The need of horses for military purposes Is well shown by the Minutes of Continental Congress under date of March 2d, 1778. The following resolve of Congress, relating to this matter, was printed in the New Jersey Gazette under date of March 25th, 1778 :
1778]
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 179
Resolved, That it be earnestly recom mended to the young Gentlemen of property and spirit in the States of New-Hampshire, Massachusetts-Bay, Rhode-Island, Connecticut, New-York, New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, Dela- ware, Maryland, Virginia and North-Carolina, forthwith to constitute within their respective States, a troop or troops of light cavalry to serve at their own expence (except in the articles of provisions for themselves, and forage for their horses) until the 31st of December next :
That each troop so to be raised consist of not less than twenty nor more than sixty rank and file ; that they have a right to chuse their own officers, who shall receive continental commissions, and that they rendezvous at the main army on the first day of May next, or at an earlier period, if possible :
That, in order to excite a proper spirit of emulation in these troops, and to give them an opportunity of appropriating that fame, which their respective merits may entitle them to, during the campaign, each troop shall 'bear the name of the State in which it is raised:
That these troops, when raised, shall not serve as expresses, except in time of action, nor as escorts to the person of any General, except that of the Commander of the army with whom they serve, unless with their own choice :
That every horse, which shall be killed, and every horse and all arms and accoutrements, which shall be taken, by the enemy in action, shall be paid for by the United States ; the value to be ascertained under the direction of the Commander in Chief ; and all bpoty taken from the enemy shall belong to the troop, by whom it shall be taken.
Ttesolved, That it be recommended to the government of the respective States, to countenance and encourage this design ; and that the Board of War transmit to them forthwith copies of the foregoing resolutions, to- gether with a descriptive list of the accoutrements necessary for man and horse.
Extract from the minutes,
CHARLES THOMPSON, Secretary.
List of Necessaries and Accoutrements for each Horseman.
1. A well tempered sword, the blade straight, and three feet long, with the back sharpened up six inches from the point ; an open guard about the hilt ; that will be light and yet defend the hand ; with a scabbard of substantial leather without wood.
2. A carbine, fusee, or short blunderbuss ; the barrel of the blunderbuss not to exceed two feet in length.
3. A pair of pistols and holsters.
4. A sword-belt — a belt for the carbine, with a running swivel that will slip to any part of the belt.
5. A cartridge-box to buckle round the waist, with twelve tin pipes for the cartridges.
6. A helmet of jacked leather, and effectually guarded by several rows of small chain, iron or steel hoops ; or a hat with a steel or Iron scull-piece inside the crown.
7. A saddle, saddle-cloth, breast-plate, crupper, saddle-straps and pad.
8. Saddle-bags connected by two broad straps, In the common fashion, and not a portmanteau.
9. A double reined bridle, with a curb and snaffle bit, and a halter.
10. A cloak sufficient to cover all the arms and accoutrements, and which is to serve also in the place of a blanket.
11. Boots and spurs.
180 NEW JERSEY IIS THE REVOLUTION. [177s
Harrison, at Pennington; to Col. Sheldon, at Chatham; to Major Clough, at Trenton; or to Lieut Col. White, at Brunswick, or the commanding officers at those places.
TO BE LET
On SEASONABLE TERMS, with or without the STOCK on hand,
A Large commodious TAX- YARD, containing 64 fats,1 5 limes, two water pools, through which a never failing stream of water runs, a large bark house, which will con- tain about 300 cords of bark, a good currying shop, skin- dressers shop, and every conveniency necessary for carry- ing on ( ais has been done for some years past) the tanning, currying, skin-dressing and breeches-making business very extensively : Also a large two-story building, lately occu- pied for file-making, brass-foundery, and sundry branches of cutlery, with a convenient black-smith's shop; all of which may be entered on immediately. The subscriber proposing to decline business, the few remaining goods on hand are to be sold together at prime cost, for ready money. All persons indebted to him by bond, bill, or otherways, are desired to make payment immediately, in order to enable him to discharge the demands against him.
STACY POTTS.
Trenton, State of New Jersey, April 20, 1778
N. B. All kinds of TANNED LEATHER will be given in exchange for any quantity of GOOD BARK delivered at the said tan-yard the ensuing season, agreeable to the now regulating law of this state, the highest price in ready money, or at their respective former prices; and the greatest wages allowed by law will be given for a number of WORKMEN to finish off the stock, &c.
1 Vats.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 181
Wanted immediately.
A PLANTATION", with pretty good buildings, containing about 150 or 200 acres of good land, including not less than 20 or 30 acres of well improved meadow, and a suffi- cient quantity of woodland. Enquire of the Printer.
Extract of a letter from Baltimore, dated March 24, 1778.
"The enemy," says a correspondent, "after the flogging of Burgoyne, have resumed their old trick of sham-treaty. General Try on (by what authority he best knows) has introduced into New-Jersey a ridiculous publication under the title of "Drought of a bill for declaring the intentions "of the parliament of Great Britain concerning the exer- "cise of the right of imposing taxes within his majesty's "colonies, provinces and plantations in North America," which just amounts to the old nauseous dish (which no honest American could ever swallow) with a little amenda- tion in the cookery and sauces, together with the "Draught "of a bill to enable his majesty to appoint commissioners "with sufficient powers to treat, consult and agree upon "the means of quieting the disorders now subsisting in "certain of the colonies, plantations and provinces of "Xorth America,." What renders this nonsensical man- oeuvre still more ominous is, that General Try on (and by the name of Governor too) certifies them to be true copies. Surely the ministry might have found a more proper per- son for that purpose than the most obnoxious of all ob- noxious animals by his professed declarations in the pleas- ure he takes in burning, kidnapping, and every species of desolation — And offering Pardon too — consummate im- pudence ! — Who wants and will stoop to accept of a pardon for defending his country against the most villanous tyr- anny that was ever devised by the art of man: — Divide and rule. But America has too much sense to be so Bulled."
182 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
The enemy have been very busy some days past in dis- tributing and posting up the abovet-mentioned draughts of bills in Philadelphia, and a number of them were also sent out with the party that made an excursion to Bristol, which were dropped in many places on the way. They are since published in one of the Philadelphia papers, accom- panied with a speech of Lord North's, spoken previous to his bringing them into parliament — which, for the satis- faction of our Readers, will be in our next,
We hear it is currently reported in Philadelphia that a declaration of war between France and England has taken place — that Mr. Pitt is actually at the head of affairs — that the King of Prussia has marched 9000 men into the Prince of Hesse's dominions, in order to oblige him to recall his troops from America — that Europe is in a tumult. — and that there has been a mob in London, which carried through th« streets the effigy of General Wash- ington, whom they declared the supporter of liberty ; and their zeal transported them, to such a height, that they broke the windows and roughly handled the persons of those who would not illuminate.
Princeton, April 20, 1778.
THE Publick is hereby informed, that the GRAMMAR SCHOOL in this place was opened on Monday, the 13th instant, agreeable to the former notice. Those who intend sending their children, are requested not to delay it, as it greatly adds to the trouble when they begin at different periods.
The under graduates of the college are also informed, that the vacation is up on the 10th of May, when college orders will again begin, and due attendance be given to the instruction, by the proper officers.
Woodbridge, April 8, 1778.
THIS day the subscriber LOST a PARCHMENT POCKET- BOOK, with a liteish ferret string, supposed to be lost be-
1TT8] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 183
tween Taylor Webster's mill, Scotch Plains and Railway : It contained two old six pound Jersey bills, one ditto of three pounds, one ditto of one pound ten, one of six shil- lings, with several other small bills of old money ; likewise about fifty dollars in Continental money. Any person find- ing the same, and giving information to James Fitz-Ran- dolph, inn-keeper near the Short Hills, or to Edward Fitz- Randolph in Woodbridge, or to William Young, inn-keeper near Succasunny Plain, Morris county, so that the owner can have it again, shall be entitled to Twenty Dollars re- ward by me.
ROBERT MILLER.
Pompton, April 9, 1778.
AVAs taken up, near tile house of the subscriber, at Pomp- ton, in Bergen county, Xew-Jersey, a BLACK MARE, 14 hands and an half high, 5 years old this grass, trots and paces. She was taken up in the winter of 1777, and was very poor at that time. The owner is desired to apply, pay charges, and take her away.
JOHN V., HOUTEN.
N. B. The mare has no brand or mark.
CONGRESS having resolved to raise a CORPS consisting of INFANTRY and CAVALRY, to be commanded by General Count PULASKI. A!! those who desire to distinguish themselves in the service of their country, are invited to inlist in that corps, which is established on the same princi- ples as the Roman Legions were. The frequent opportun- ities which the nature of the service of that corps will offer to the enterprizing, brave and vigilant soldiers who shall serve in it, are motives which ought to influence those who are qualified for Admission into it, to prefer it to other corps not so immediately destined to harass the enemy; and the many captures which will infallibly be made, must indemnify the legionary soldiers for the hardships they must sustain, and the inconsiderable sum given for bounty,
184- XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
the term for their service being no longer than one year from the time that the corps shall be completed. Their dress is calculated to give a martial appearance, and to secure the soldier against the inclemency of the weather and season. The time for action approaching, those who desire to have an opportunity of distinguishing themselves in that corps, are requested to apply to Col. Kowatch, at Easton, to Major Julius, Count of Mont-Fort,, at head- quarters, or at Major Betkin's quarters at Trenton.
In CONGRESS, April 6, 1778. Resolved,
That if any of the states in which Brigadier General Pul- aski shall recruit for his Legion, shall give to persons en- listing in the same for three years or during the war, the bounty allowed by the state, in addition to the Continental bounty, the men so burnished, not being inhabitants of any other of the United States, shall be credited to the quota of the state in which they shall be enlisted. Extract from the Minutes,
CHA. THOMSON, Sec.
EIGHT DOLLARS REWARD.
WAS taken away last winter by the Hessians, from near Bordentown, a Negro LAD about 14 or 15 years of age, middling thick set, of a yellow colour, his name Dorus, be- longing to the subscriber, who has been informed he hath made his escape from the enemy at Philadelphia, and was seen at Bristol some short time since. Whoever will se- cure the above Negro lad, and deliver him to James Esdale at Burlington, to Thomas Watson at Bordentown, or to the subscriber at the New-Mills,1 shall have the above reward and reasonable charges.
HENKY BUDD.
Burlington County, Api'il 13, 1778.
1 Now Pemberton.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 185
SIX POUNDS REWARD.
WAS STOLEX out of the stable of Philip Van Home, at Phils-hill, Somerset county, on Saturday night the 4th of April, a small grey horse, about eight or nine years old, tetween twelve and thirteen hands high, trots, and has been much galled with the saddle. Whoever apprehends and secures both thief and horse, shall have the above reward, or for the horse only three pounds, paid by the subscriber,
PHILIP VAX HORXE.
April IS, 1778.
STRAYED OR STOLEN
From the subscriber, on the 13th instant, a dark chestnut sorrel MARE, about 13 hands and a half high, has many grey hairs in her forehead, her mane cut underneath in order to thin it. Whoever secures said mare so that the owner may have her again, shall receive Ten Dollars re- ward for the mare or Twenty for the thief and mare, paid by me
WILLIAM HUTCHEXSOX.
Wain's mills, April 15, 1778.
BAY RICHMOND
STANDS at Long-Bridge, nine miles from Princeton, in excellent order, to cover mares the ensuing season at Ten Pounds. His pedigree is in the hands of Mr. Thomas Wotherill at the above mentioned place.
ISO NEW JEKSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
ABABIAN
WILL COVER MARES this season at Maidenhead,1 on the farm formerly the property of Wilson Hunt, Esq. at Six Pounds the season. This horse was got by Wildair, his dam by Babraham, his grandam by old Sterling, his great grandam by Merry Andrew out of Laughing Polly; she 'won the King's hundred guineas at Hambleton, and was got by Childers, her dam by Consellor, and own sister to Thunderbolt, her grandam by Luggs, and her great gran- dam by Davill's Old Woodcock. The best of pasture will be provided for mares.
Maidenhead, April 10, 1778.
A few barrels of TAR to be sold by STACY POTTS, in Tren- ton.
TO BE SOLD.
ONE Ton of Castings, very suitable for making of salt ; they consist of two pans four feet long and three wide, two kettles, each containing forty-five gallons, and one ditto seventeen gallons. For further particulars enquire of the Printer.
THE BEAUTIFUL HORSE APOLLO
The property of the subscriber, will cover the ensuing season at his stables in Westfield, seven miles from Eliza- beth-Town, East ]STew-Jersey, at Five Pounds each mare, and Five shillings to the groom; the money to be paid at first covering, or before the mare is taken away, if re- quired. Apollo is four years old this grass, fifteen hands and a half high, in excellent order; his blood, strength,
1 Now Lawrenceville.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 187
spirit and activity equal perhaps to the best horse on the continent. Good pasture for mares at half a dollar per week.
NOAH MARSH.
April 2, 1778.
TEN DOLLAES REWARD.
DESERTED from my company of the second Jersey regi- ment, commanded by Col. shreve,1 a certain GEORGE cooic,2 a likely fellow, twenty years of age, and about five feet seven inches high, by trade a tailor. Whoever will secure said Cook, so that he may be returned to said regiment, shall be entitled to the above reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by
JONA. PHILLIPS, Capt.3
Fish-Kill.
SOME time in May last I bought a State Lottery Ticket from a person at Morris-Town, whose name is unknown to me ; he entered the number of ticket, and my name, which ticket I have since lost at Fort Montgomery at the time of the enemy taking possession of the same. My name and number of the ticket may be found in the records of said lottery ; which, if said ticket should be so fortunate as to draw a prize, the managers of the same are requested not to pay any money to any person on producing said ticket, and they will oblige their very humble servant,
J. ROSENKRANS.
1 For sketch of Colonel Shreve, see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 103.
2 Cook also served In the First Battalion, Somerset.
3-Captain Phillips served conspicuously throughout the war. Upon No- vember 20th, 1775, he was commissioned Second Lieutenant, Captain Brearley's Company, Second Battalion, First Establishment. One year later he became First Lieutenant, Captain Shaw's Company, Second Battalion. Second Establishment, and upon February 7th, 1777, holding a like position in Captain Yard's Company. Phillips attained a captaincy December 1st, 1777, and in 1780, September 26th, was Captain of the Second Regiment. In addition to the above Continental service, he was Captain of the Fourth Regiment of Hunterdon County Militia.
188 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
TO BE SOLD,
A Likely, handy NEGRO BOY, about fourteen or fifteen years of age. He is an excellent house servant, and would suit any gentleman that wants a waiting-boy. Enquire of Mrs. Ross, at Brunswick landing.
April 11, 1778.
ALL persons concerned in the prize brigantine William and Ann, taken by Captain James Morgan and others, are desired to attend at the house of Mr. James Wall, inn- keeper at Freehold Court-house, in the county of Mon- mouth, on Friday the 15th of May next, at eight o'clock in the forenoon, then and there to exhibit their pretensions to shares, whether as captors or purchasers, and receive their dividend of such meney as may be received. All persons who have purchased at the sales of such brigantine and cargo, are desired immediately to attend and discharge their vendue accounts, as they wish to avoid having these accounts put in an attorney's hands.
DAVID FORMAN, Agent.
Freehold, April 14, 1778.
200 Dollars Reward.
WAS stolen by her mother, a NEGRO GIRL about 9 or 10 years old, named Dianali — Her mother's name is Cash, and was married to an Indian named Lewis Wolis l near 6 feet high, about 35 years of age — They have a male child with them between three and four years old. Any person that takes up the said Kegroes and Indian and se- cures them, so that the subscriber may get them, shall have the above reward and all reasonable charges.
1 Marriages between negro slaves and Indians were of frequent occur- rence during the Revolutionary and Colonial periods in New Jersey.
1778] NEWSPAPKJJ KXTIIACTS. 189
Any person that understands distilling rye spirits, may find encouragement by applying to the subscriber at his own house.
KENNETH HANKINSON.
Penelapon, East New-Jersey, April 15, 1778.
To THE PtJBLlCK.
I understand the business of Mould-making in all its branches to perfection. I can make moulds in the best method for casting cannon balls, and in such a way that its both profitable to the iron-master and myself; and grape shot in a method that the iron-master can make a ton per day. Any person wanting such a man may apply to the printer hereof. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 21, April 23, 1778.
New- York, April 27, The Brig lately taken by the Rebels and carried into Egg-Harbour, was from Cork for this Port, consigned to Messrs. Franklins, the Master's Name, Gallant, and now in Goal at Trenton.
The 23d instant, was appointed a Day of public Fasting and Prayer throughout the Province of New Jersey.
The Acts lately published here, and the same that are in this Day's Paper, [two Bills presented in the House of Commons, relative to imposing taxes, and appointing Com- missioners for quieting the disorders in North America] we hear are beginning to work in New-Jersey, some look- ing upon them to be quite satisfactory, and others say, nothing less than Independency will suffice.
Those People who refuse to go as Soldiers that are drafted in Jersey, must either pay 200 1. Fine, or remain in Goal 9 Months. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mer- cury, April 27, 1778.
STOLEN in the night of the 19th instant, out of the stables of the subscribers, living in Evesham, Burlington
190 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION.
county, the following creatures, viz. a large reddish roan MAKE about 15 hands high, one of her hind feet white, trots and paces, a short switch tail, has been hurt by the saddle upon her withers, and has two feathers one on each side of her neck nearly opposite ; about nine or ten years old. The other a lightish bay GELDIXG five years old this spring, trots and paces, shod before, of a heavy low car- riage, about 14 hands high. Whoever secures the thief or thieves in any gaol of the United States, so that they may be convicted, shall have Three Pounds reward, and the above described creatures recovered, shall have Sixteen Dollars for each, and all reasonable charges paid by
AMOS SHARP, JOHN SHARP. April 24, 1778.
To be Sold by Publick Vendue,
ON Thursday, the 7th of May next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, by the subscriber, sundry household furniture, viz. Tables, chairs, andirons, shovel and tongs ; hogsheads, barrels, &c. an eight day clock; two sets of surveying in- struments ; books of various kinds ; chocolate, coffee, and many other things, too tedious to mention, Attendance will be given, and the conditions made known, by
. THO. MOODY.
Princeton, April 23, 1778.
WAS taken up the 6th of October last, a BLACK HORSE branded on the near buttock with a horse-shoe and some letters but unintelligible, has a slit in the near ear, and very grey about the head and mane; supposed to be 20 years ; was badly foundered when he was taken up. The owner is requested to come, prove his property, pay charges and take him away.
NEILLE MAGILL.
Hopewell township, Hunterdon county, April 26, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 191
WILL COVER at Obadiah Meeker's, between Newark and Elizabeth-Town, for sixteen dollars the season, six dollars the single leap, and twenty-two dollars to warrant the mare with foal, the beautiful horse MAJOR GENERAL, allowed by the best of judges to be in equal size, figure and activity to any horse on the Continent. Major General was got by Grandby, his dam by Bullrock, and his Grandam by Frederick. He has all the beauties of those capital horses, without their blemishes. He is rising five years old, 15 hands and a half high, seven-eigths blood, a dark bay, with two white feet, a star and snip. The colts of his getting are esteemed equal to any whatever. Good care will be taken of mares. Pasture at half a dollar per week, and good attendance given by the subscriber
OBADIAH MEEKER.
N. B. The money to be paid when the season is over. Those mares that go by the season, and do not prove with foal, shall be entitled to a single leap gratis the season fol- lowing.
A strong four horse WAGGOIST to be sold, enquire of the Printer.
GOOD encouragement will be given to any man who will hire as a journeyman for one, two, three or six months, or a year. The person will be exempted from military duty. Enquire of Daniel Smith, saddler, at Morris-Town.
Freehold, April 17, 1778.
ALL persons that have any demands against the estate of MARY BASS, deceased, are desired to bring in their accounts to the subscriber, living near Monmouth Court- House, by the twentieth day of May next, that they may be settled.
JOHN LONGSTREET, ExCCUt.
192 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
TO BE SOLD,
AT publick VENDUE, for ready money only, on Monday the 18th day of May, at the house of Robert Xorris on Whatnnng Plains: Several tracts of land, lying and being in Morris-town and Hanover on Whatnung Plains: A plantation whereon Thomas Coe now lives, about 131 acres of good land, 10 acres of meadow land and more may easily be made; there is a good frame house and barn on said tract, with a good orchard: A lot of land about 8 acres, with a young orchard of near 50 apple- trees on it: A lot of wood-land, lying on Whatnung mountain; likewise a very good forge^fire with all the privileges thereto belonging. The above-said lands and premises were formerly the property of William Demayne, absconded, and to tote sold by us the subscribers, by virtue of an attachment levied on said land by suit of Thomas Coe, plaintiff, against William Demayne, defendant The vendue to begin at ten o'clock on morning of said day, where due attendance will, be given by us
JOSEPH WOOD, }
JOSHUA LAMBERT, V Auditors. RICHAKD JOHNSON, J
N. B. All persons indebted to the estate of William De- mayne, absconded, either by bond, bill, or book debt, are requested to make speedy payment to the auditors by the above-mentioned time, or else they may expect to be dealt with as the law directs.
Morristown, April 20, 1778.
Wanted immediately, in Trenton,
A SCHOOL-MASTER, who can come well recommended for his abilities and moral conduct. Such a person will meet with good encouragement. Apply to the Printer hereof. — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 22, April 29, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 193
For the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE.
THOUGH I never had any apprehensions that Great-Britain could reduce us to her iniquitous terms of unconditional submission by the force of her arms ; I was not without my suspicions, that as soon as she discovered the impracticability of her purpose, she would attempt, by the stratagem of negociation, what she found unattainable by the strength of her military prowess. Accordingly in the desperation of Lord North to subdue us by war, he is now determined (and I suspect from his incessant blunders, with the help of a better head than his own) to divide us by insidious proposals, to gain time for reinforcing the British troops, while he expects to divert us by a ridiculous accom- modation, from augmenting our own.
To prevail upon the nation to lay aside all thoughts of conquest with which he has constantly flattered it, he is obliged to acknowledge such mortifying truths as no other consideration would have extorted from him. "Our army," says he, "is great ; our navy is great ; but the resistance of America is greater ; and the war has lasted longer than was at first apprehended. To strengthen our force, and continue the war upon the present plan, is attended with too great an expence of men and money ; an expence which conquest itself would not balance." It is therefore evident that he quits his pursuit of conquest only from the want of men and money necessary to effect it. But incapable of executing his original sanguinary design, what does he substitute in its room? Only to trick us into that same taxation under a more specious form by dint of artifice, into which he could not beat us by the length of his sword. For what is the right of taxing the merchandize of a trading people which Britain now proposes, but the right of drawing from them what sums she pleases? Would not the farmer, would not the artificer, would not every citizen of America who consumes any of the commodities, upon which a duty was imposed, pay the tax of the price advanced in proportion to the duty? And in the extensive manner in which the draught of the bill is worded, of not imposing any duty, &c. except only such as may be expedient to impose for the regulation of commerce, will not their Parliament (which is intended to be the sole judge of this expediency) impose just what duties it shall think proper? Will it not think it expedient to debar us from trading with any nation except their own, and with themselves at their own prices? And thus from the most glorious prospect of being the happiest and most flourishing people upon the face of the earth, by appointing our own rulers and trading with the whole world, we are voluntarily to resign ourselves to the most igno- minious bondage, and to sacrifice our commercial interest to a nation that, while we were connected with them, abused the exercise of their regulating power to such an oppressive degree, as constituted one of the principal causes of our revolt. And what can be more provoking than for Great-Britain, after acknowledging the superiority of our arms, to propound such a controul over our commerce as we remon-
13
194 XEW JERSEY IX THE KKVOl.l rio.X. [1778
strated against before the commencement of the war ; and which would infallibly render us and our remotest posterity the slaves and tribu- taries of a nation venal, corrupt, abandoned, and rushing headlong into inextricable perdition? But to palliate this ruinous measure, it is sugar'd over with "that the net-proceeds of such duties shall be always paid and applied to and for the use of the colony, &c. in which the same shall be respectively levied ;" that is, in plain English, to main- tain legions of hungry ministerial dependents, who are to be sent amongst us to accumulate fortunes, and then to recross the Atlantic to dissipate in luxury what they amassed by iniquity, and thus make room for another set equally penurious and rapacious. For my own part I would rather pay the tax immediately into the English exchequer, as I think it infinitely more eligible to support a number of rogues in London than in America. No wonder therefore, that this subtle Minister is willing in appearance to yield to our independence, if we would but yield to him the right of regulating our trade, as by that very cession we should make the fullest recognition of our dependence. Nor is the draught of the bill to enable the King of Great-Britain to appoint Commissioners, &c. less insidious than the other, there being no security that Parliament will confirm their negociations, and the whole evidently designed to induce us to a cessation of hostilities, to give them an opportunity to increase their troops, and spread dis- sention amongst us : But the disguise is too thin to delude the sagacity of an American. Nor does it even revive the drooping spirits of a single tory. Britain has out-lived her day of grace respecting us. And how Lord North could flatter himself that any man of common sense would put the least confidence in him, while he makes the most shame- less sacrifice of truth whenever it serves his purpose, is as unaccount- able as Tryon's imagining that we should give the more credit to a paper for the sake of his certificate. To support my charge against his Lordship, I shall enumerate several passages in his speech as desti- tute of truth as the Parliament itself is of publick virtue.
1. / have great reason to believe from the declarations of the colo- nies, that they are icilling to contribute their share to the publick support. Then Governor Hutchinson must be your informer.
2. / thought it necessary to shew them (the colonies) that we were not fighting for taxation, for I never thought that such taxation would be very beneficial to us. The greater your guilt for endeavouring to enforce it by war.
3. In many of the Assemblies there icas an inclination to have accepted it (his conciliatory proposition) before the war. Multiply New- York by nought and the product is one.
4. My intention icas from the beginning at the moment of victory to have proposed //Vo f-ame jiropor.tion in terms obviating all the mis- representations and misunderstandings concerning it. — Unconditional submission !
5. / never thought taxation a sufficient object for the contest. Pray what else has the contest been about?
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 195
G. But I sought for the dependence of America. — And did America ever dream of independence, till the oppressions of Britain compelled her to declare it?
7. The Congress claimed independency. I suppose by openly and solemnly disavowing it.
8. The colony of the Massachusetts claimed it. When, where, and how. my Lord? Why a great outrage was committed on our mer- chants— The affair of the tea, I presume. And if so, did not New- York and every other colony that destroyed the tea or the stamps, claim it as much ?
9. The contest was for supremacy. I dare be bound no man will ever contest with Lord North his supremacy in the art of falsification.
10. Our customs are not diminished. To be proved, I suppose, by the Virginia entries.
11. / never proposed any tax. For witnesses to this fact, call Lord North's speeches of last year.
12. The Commissioners iccre men trusted by America. As a trav- eller trusts a robber with his purse.
13. The farmers of America are ruined — as sure as that wheat at twelve shillings the bushel is less than at five.
Here is what is called a baker's dozen of such palpable deviations from the truth, as no private gentleman, who had the least regard for his character, would chuse to stoop to ; and which, before the total extinction of all virtue, a British Nobleman would have deemed pecu- liarly disgraceful. But the artifice is too visible to deceive any man of common discernment. It is plainly intended to lull us into security. Britain apprehends a war with France, and wants all her forces for her own domestic defence. Her present offers are no argument for her relenting at the bloody measures she has hitherto pursued. Her dis- position to treat at all, arises from her inability to prosecute the war. She would listen to no accommodation while she thought herself able to subdue us. She rejected our prayers with disdain. She called us rebels, because we armed in defence of our liberty. And why treat with us continuing in arms, and consequently equally rebels? But how can we treat with her while she claims the exercising of the right of taxing us, since rather than acknowledge this right we have revolted from her? And shall we negociate with her still claiming it, and that after finding that she despairs of enforcing it by the sword? God forbid.
Hortentius.
TRENTON, May 6.
Mr. COLLINS,
I DO not remember whether your Gazette has hitherto given us the production of any woman correspondent — Indeed nothing but the most pressing call of my country could have induced me to appear in Print. But rather
196 NKW .1 HUSKY !.\ TIIK II KYOI.rTlOX . [1TT8
Thau suffer your sex to be caught by the bait of that arch- foe to American Liberty Lord North, I think ours ought, to a woman, to draw their pens, and enter our solemn pro- test against it. Nay, the fair ones in our neighborhood have already entered into a resolve for every mother TO disown her son, and refuse the caresses of her husband, and for every maiden to reject the addresses of her gallant, where such husband, son or gallant, shews the least symp- toms of being imposed upon by this flimsy subterfuge, which I call the dying speech, and last groans of Great Britain, pronounced and grunted out by her great oracle, and little politician, who now appears ready to hang him- self, for having brought the nation to the brink of that ruin from which he cannot deliver her. — You will be kind enough to correct my spelling, a part of my education in which I have been ijiuch neglected.
I am your sincere friend,
BELINDA.1
We also learn2 that a considerable body of the enemy landed a few days ago at Cooper's ferry,3 opposite Phila- delphia, in order to cover a number of wood-cutters - - -• who are procuring wood for the transports.
Saturday se'nnight John Taylor, a Serjeant belonging to Col. Baylor's regiment of light-dragoons, as he was rid- ing along street in this town, being in liquor, fell from his horse, and so much bruised, that he died in a short time after.
1 This is probably the first political communication ever written by a New Jersey woman and addressed to the editor of a newspaper. Attention Is called to the verses written in honor of Colonel Peter Schuyler, the author of which was doubtless Annis Boudinot Stockton. See New •/ • Archives, Vol. XX. : Newspaper Extracts, p. 169.
2 Extract of a letter from camp at Valley Forge, dated May 1st. 1778.
3 Camden. For sketch of the Coopers and the Ferry see \cw ,/• Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 542.
1778] NEWSPAPER KXTUACTS. 197
A LIST Of LETTERS HOW in the Post-0ffic&
at Trenton.1
JOSEPH Wetheritt, Burlington ; Elizabeth Green, Had- donfield ; William Fandran, Hides-Town ; Capt. Hame- lin, Bordentown; Capt. Benjamin Davis; Daniel Bray, New-Brunswick; Robert Freeman, (2) George Dillwyn, Burlington; Samuel Young; John Bishop, Bordentown; Capt. John M'Nachtane, Ancocus Creek; Mary Reeves, Cranberry; Elizabeth Adams, Amwell; Capt. Kenneth Hankeson, Freehold; William Marshall, Gloucester County ; Andrew Hodge, Bordentown ; Yest Beem, Tren- ton ; Thomas Bunting, Burlington County.
New-Brunswick, April 15, 1778.
LAST night made his escape, out of the gaol in this town, Charles Ford, belonging to the service of the United States, in the thirteenth battalion of Pennsylvania troops ; had on when he went away, a green coat faced with red, a buff coloured jacket, leather breeches, yarn stockings, and half worn shoes. It is supposed he will make the best of his way for the enemy, as some person has assisted him in get- ting off his handcuffs. Whoever takes up the said Ford, and secures him in any gaol, so that I may get him again, shall have fifteen dollars reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by JOHN VAN KIRK, Sheriff of Middlesex county.
Wanted immediately,
A MAN with a small family, who understands farming, and something of a saw-mill, and keeping of cattle. Such a one, coming well recommended, will meet with the best
1 Trenton Post-office, located on the southeast corner of State (Second) and Warren (King) streets, was a mall center for what Is now large portions of Hunterdon. Middlesex, Burlington, Monmouth, Ocean and Gloucester counties.
198 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [17 . -"
encouragement, and the highest wages by applying to Isaac Wood, inn-keeper in Mount-holly : Likewise a* Carter, applying as above, will meet with the like encouragement. Mountholly, May 2, 1778.
To all persons interested in the lands adjoining on both sides of Manamuskin creek,1 in the county of Cumberland : These are to acquaint them, that the subscribers intend to apply to the Legislature of the State of New-Jersey, at their next sitting on the 27th of May instant, for a law to enable the owners and possessors to erect a dam, bank and other works across the said creek, to stop out the tide from overflowing the meadows.
HENRY REEVE, ISAAC BUSBY.
May 1, 1778.
NOTICE is hereby given to all persons indebted to the Millstone Lottery, either by single tickets or in clubs, that they pay off the respective demands, on or before the first Monday in June next, either to the managers or to the ex- ecutors of the managers that are deceased, or to the persons from whom they purchased their tickets : And all persons who have taken tickets for sale, are requested to meet the managers at Millstone Court-house, on the above-said day, at ten o'clock, to render an account of the tickets they have sold, and of the money they have in hand. Those who neglect to comply with this request, may be assured that such measures will be taken as will compel them to a com- pliance thereto.
WILLIAM VERBRYCK. ) ,.
v Managers.
HENDRY VANDIKE. j
April 28, 1778.
1 The improving of tide-water creeks emptying into Delaware bay and its tributaries, was not only to secure power for mill purposes, but to obtain pasturage for cattle by draining adjacent marshes.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 199
WHEREAS I the subscriber did, on the 27th of last month, purchase a BLACK HORSE, known by the name of the Dutch Minister's black, of Amwell, of a certain David Cock, of Reading-ton, and in the evening of the said day he deliv- ered, in the dark, a horse '23 years old to defraud me; and now refuses to give me the horse. This is to forewarn all persons not to trade with the said David Cock for the horse, as I am determined to have him.
NICHOLAS EGBERT.
Readington, May 2, 1778.
BY The advice of the several members of the Synod of New- York and Philadelphia, it is proposed that the ensu- ing annual meeting of that reverend body be held at Bed- minster, in the county of Somerset, in the State of New- Jersey, on the third Wednesday of May next, at ten o'clock A. M. at which time and place the members of the Synod are requested to attend.
J. CARMICHAEL, Syn. Modl\
April 20, 1778.
WANTED immediately a number of good waggoners for the Continental Army;1 those that are well skilled in driving teams and taking care of the cattle, and will engage for one year's service, shall receive Ten Pound per Month for Wages, and a suit of clothes for bounty, after six months service upon good behavior. Apply to the Wagon Master General to be engaged, in camp at the Valley Forge. NATHANIEL GREENE, Q. M. G.
April 28, 1778.
SUCH vouchers as are out-standing, to be lodged with Col. Sullivan, at the Quarter-master's office in Trenton, he giving certificates of the same, and transmitting the vouch- ers to me, to be laid before General Mifflin, and the money shall be drawn and transmitted to him for payment. —
1 Many New Jerseymen enlisted in this service.
200 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [177"
Those for the light-horse forage certificates at and near Pennington and Trenton, from their going to Jersey to the 25th of January. — The vouchers and certificates to be numbered.
CLKMKXT BIDDLE, C. G. F. Moore-hall April 18, 1778. •
Boston, April 16, 1778. WANTED, For the USE of the UNITED STATES,
A Number of experienced TEAM DRIVERS, to serve for one year from the time of their inlistment; they are to be paid at the rate of ten pounds per month. They may inlist with me*at Easton, Col. Jacob West in Sussex county, at Bethlehem with Mr. John Okely, or with Mr. Anthony Lerch in Lower Saucon, when, if required, they shall receive ten pounds advance pay, and at the expiration of six months, if they produce a certificate from the Wag- gon-Master General, that they behaved well, they shall then each receive as a bounty, a new suit of clothes. — I want to hire a number of FOUR HORSE TEAMS, completely fitted for service. For terms apply at my office, or to Col. West.
ROBERT L. HOOPER, Jun.
D. Q. M. General.
Camp, Valley Forge, March 25, 1778. THE several Assistant Commissaries of Purchase in the States of New-Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware and Mary- land, as also the counties of Orange and Ulster, in the State of New- York, are most earnestly requested to bring in their accounts of purchases to my office, at camp, by the 20th of April next. Those who cannot conveniently settle at camp, will give their attendance at York-Town,1 before the 25th
- York. Pennsylvania.
1778] XKWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 201
of May, as the subscriber intends to repair there, to receive and settle all the accounts of purchases in the Middle De- partment. Such as neglect to make application in the above-mentioned time, their accounts will be deemed as given gratis to the Publick.
EPH. BLAIXE, D. C. G. of P.
WHEREAS it is justly suspected that many persons in this and the adjacent counties may have in their possession, by concealment or otherwise, horses and other effects belong- ing to the United states. — Notice is therefore hereby given to all such, that they forthwith deliver up the same to me, in Easton, or some of my deputies, otherwise, on failure, they may expect to be prosecuted with the utmost rigour of the law. All persons who know of, or can discover any such concealed property, are hereby requested to give im- mediate information thereof ; for which, besides the S'atis- faction of doing their country so essential a service, they shall be handsomelv rewarded.
EGBERT L. HOOPER, Jun. D. Q. M. Gen.
Easton, April 20, ) 1778.
To be Sold at Publick Vendue,
AT Garritson's tavern, in the county of Somerset, on Saturday, the ninth of May next, sundry sorts of household furniture, among which is an elegant eight-day clock, a bed, table, chairs, knives and forks, pewter dishes and plates, brass kettles, &c. The vendue to begin at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, where attendance will be given by the sub- scriber, or a person on the spot.
SAMUEL H. SULLIVAN, Administ.
Trenton, April 28, 1778.
202 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
150 Dollars Reward.
STOLEN out of the mill of Moore Furman, Esq. at Pitts- Town, at different times, five barrels of rum, the property of the United States. Any person that will discover the thief or thieves, so that they may be brought to conviction, shall be entitled to the above reward, paid by
J. JOHNSTON, A. C. of Issues.
Pitts-Town, April 17, 1778.
Ten Dollars Reward.
RAN-AWAY from the subscriber, living in Great Egg- harbour, Gloucester county, on the 13th of April last, a NEGRO MAN, named Sambo, a well built fellow, about twenty-seven years of age; -had on and took with him, a homespun great coat of a whiteish colour, a drab-coloured jacket with sleeves, and one without sleeves, dowlas trousers, black yarn stockings, old shoes, round hat, and three shirts, two of them new. 'Tis supposed he will en- deavor to get to Philadelphia. Whoever takes up the said Negro, and secures him in any gaol, so that his master may get him again, shall have the above reward, and rea- sonable charges, paid by me
JOSEPH M'CuLLOii.
Great Egg-Harbour, May 4, 1778.
Carlisle, April 18, 1778. Wanted immediately,
A number of good TRADESMEN, that are single, such as Carpenters, Smiths, of all branches, Armourers, Gun- stockers or Wheelwrights. Any of the above Tradesmen
IT 78] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS.
that are willing to serve themselves and country, shall, by applying to Cap. Wylie, at the grand Continental works at the above-mentioned place, receive twenty-dollars bounty, thirty dollars each man per month pay, one suit of clothes per year, and a ration and a half each man per day, and good quarters.
THOMAS WYLIE, Capt. Art. Artific.
FIVE Hundred Acres of LAND to be sold, situated on the banks of the pleasant river Raritan, county of Somerset, and State of New-Jersey, about thirteen miles above ~N$w- Brunswick, in the midst of a well settled country, and agreeable neighborhood; about one hundred acres are cleared, and subject to one year's parole lease, on which there is a frame house, barn and young orchard, and the whole in good fence, the residue is in timber of the largest and best kinds, from which great quantities of staves may be made, and readily sold to' the millers in the vicinity, of which there are several from two to six miles distant, who are all purchasers of wheat and other country produce. The soil exceeds most of the lands in these parts in quality, near a quarter part thereof being very rich deep black swamp, which, when cleared from the timber, may with very small ditches be turned into the best of meadow or wheat land. Besides these advantages shad and other salt water fish are taken in the river in the spring, and fresh water fish all the year round. Produce may in the spring of the year be transported by water in flat-bottomed boats to New Bruns- wick: All which are advantages to be met with in few farms. For conditions of sale apply to Samuel Staats Coejemans, Esq. living opposite to, and who will shew the premises, or the subscriber at Beverwyck, near Morris- Town, Morris County, New Jersey.
ABRAHAM LOTT ;
Who has for sale, London white lead in lump, silk and hair twist, scarf coat and vest buttons, black horn ditto, Jamaica spirits, &c.
April 16, 1778.
-'04 NEW JERSEY IN THE RKVOI.TTION. [1778
THE Publick will please take notice, that we, the sub- scribers, have rode post four months, and undertook to carry the New-Jersey Gazette to the subscribers in Essex county, and other places, at our own risque, not knowing when we undertook the business, what we should be able to ride for: we can, however, now assure the Publick, that we carry the papers as cheap as we can afford : Where- fore the subscribers in Princeton are to pay us one dollar per annum ; in Brunswick and Quibbletown, twelve shil- lings ; and in Essex county, two dollars. And we desire that those who have not advanced any money for us, would please to pay one half of their rate to those gentlemen who have taken in the subscriptions for said paper, as we are a great deal out of pocket, and travelling expenses are very heavy.
JOHN HEDDEN, ALEXANDER ANDERSON.
WILKES,
A Beautiful bay horse, nine years old, and at least fifteen hands and an inch high, the property of General Nathaniel Heard,1 will cover mares at the house of Abraham Van Dick, near New-Germantown, at six pounds proc. the season. He was bred by Col. Gant, and got by Samuel Galloway, Esqr's. well known running horse Selim, that started on the Philadelphia course in the year 1762, with True Briton, for the large sum of 10001 ; and tho' Briton then was, and still is, allowed to be one of the best running horses on this Continent, Selim beat him with ease. His grandsire, Col. Tasker's Othelloi, came out of Col. Gant's Mil ley, who was the dam of True Briton, Britannia, Lib- erty, and the Earl of Dunmore's fine horse Regulus, al- lowed by the best judges to be the most beautiful creature in Virginia, and a full brother to Wilkes, got by Old Spark,
1 For sketch of General Heard see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 9.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 205
and full sister to Col. Hopper's Pacolet: Her dam was Queen Mab, got by Musgrave's grey Arabian, a most beauti- ful horse, for whom he refused five hundred guineas : He was up at ten guineas a leap. His dam by the Hampton colt, Childers ; her grandam by his Chestnut Arabian ; her great grandam by Leeds ; her great great grandam was a Barb, brought over by Mr. Marshall, and was the dam of Mr. Croft's Gray-Hound. — Mares will be properly at- tended ; and pasture at 3s. 9d. per week. — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 23, May 6, 1778.
HEAD QUARTERS, Philadelphia, 7th May, 1778.
GENERAL ORDERS
Whereas a number of fields near this city and Gloucester Point have been lately inclosed by the several departments of the army, and by many of the inhabitants, with an intention to preserve a sufficiency of grass for the use of government and its friends, and it having been complained of, that many of the fence rails, inclosing said fields, have wantonly been broke down and carried off, and that sev- eral trespasses are committed by horses, and other cattle belonging to the army and inhabitants being put in during the night, to graze in said fields.
This is therefore to inform the public, that any person or persons, who shall, after the date of this proclamation, be detected, either in pulling down or carrying away any part of the rails, posts, or gates, now inclosing the above mentioned fields, under any pretence whatsoever, will be punished with the utmost severity, and in the most ex- emplar}7 manner; and that such horses or other cattle as shall hereafter be found trespassing in any of the said fields, will be seized for the use of the public.
J. PATTERSON, adjutant general.
— The Pennsylvania Evening Post, May 8, 1778.
206 XEW JKRSEY IN TILE REVOLUTION. [177S
\c\v-York May 11. Friday last 6 Eebel Colonels, 4 Majors. 15 Captains, 50 Subalterns, and 51 private Men, went, from hence in two Boats for Elizabeth Town Point, in order to be exchanged for the like dumber of British or Hessian Soldiers now Prisoners among the Rebels.— \rir-York Gazette and UVr/,7// Mcimri/, Mny 11, 177 v.
HEAD-QUARTERS, Camp, Valley Forge,
May 5, 1778.
Extract from GENERAL ORDERS.
IT having pleased the Almighty Ruler of the Universe propitiously to defend the cause of the United American States, and finally by raising us up a powerful friend among the Princes of the Earth,1 to establish our liberty and independence upon a lasting foundation : It becomes us to set apart a day for gratefully acknowledging the Divine Goodness, and celebrating the important event which we owe to His benign interposition.
The several brigades are to be assembled for this purpose at nine o'clock to-morrow morning, when their Chaplains will communicate the intelligence contained in the Postscript of the Pennsylvania Gazette2 of the second instant, and offer up a Thanksgiving, and deliver a discourse suitable to the occasion.
At half past ten o'clock a cannon will be fired, which is to be a signal for the men to be under arms. The Brigade Inspectors will then inspect their dress and arms, form the battalions according to the instructions given them, and announce to the commanding officers of brigades that the battalions are formed. The Brigadiers and Com- mandants will then appoint the field-officers to command the battalions ; after which each battalion will be ordered to load and ground their arms. - At half past eleven another cannon will be fired as a
signal for the march ; uopn which the several brigades will begin their march by wheeling to the right by platoons, and proceed by the nearest way to the left of their ground in the new position that will be pointed out by the Brigade Inspectors — - A third signal will be given, upon which there will be a discharge of thirteen cannon : When the thir- teenth has fired, a running fire of the infantry will begin on the right of Woodford's, and continue throughout the whole front line; it will be then taken up on the left of the second line, and continue to the
1 The King of France.
- Announcement to Congress, by Silas Deane, that upon the 6th of Feb- ruary, 1778, a treaty of alliance and commerce had been signed between. the Crown of France and the United States of America.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 207
right. - Upon a signal given, the whole army will huzza —
Long lire the King of France!
The artille.vy then begins again, and fires thirteen rounds. This will be succeeded by a second general discharge of the musketry in a running fire — Huzza! long live the friendly European Powers! Then the last discharge of thirteen pieces of artillery will be given, followed by a general running fire — Huzza for the American States!
Agreeably to the above orders, His Excellency General Washington, his amiable Lady and suite, Lord Stirling,1 the Countess of Stirling, with other General Officers and Ladies, attended at nine o'clock at the Jersey brigade, when the Postscript mentioned above was read, and after Prayer a suitable Discourse delivered to Lord Stirling's division by the Rev. Mr. Hunter.
Upon the signal at half past eleven, the whole army repaired to their alarm posts ; upon which General Wash- ington and the General Officers reviewed the whole army at their respective posts ; and after the firing of the cannon and musketry, and the huzza's were given agreeably to the orders, the army returned to their respective brigade parades and were dismissed.
All the officers of the army then assembled, and partook of a collation provided by the General, at which several patriotic toasts were given, accompanied with three cheers. His Excellency took leave of the officers at five o'clock, upon which there was universal huzzaing — Long live General Washington! and clapping of hands until the General rode some distance. The non-commissioned officers and privates followed the example of their officers as the General passed their brigades. Approbation indeed was conspicuous in every countenance, and universal joy reigned throughout the camp. -
The enemy having received intelligence that the Row- Galleys were dismantled, on Friday last formed an expe- dition up the Delaware (consisting of the following force, two Row-Galleys, and three other armed vessels, with
1 William Alexander. For a sketch see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 182.
208 NEW JERSEY 1 .\ T1IK l; K V« ) I.UTION. [1778
twenty-four, flat-bottomed boats, carrying between six and eight hundred British troops) in order to destroy the con- tinental frigates, and a number of vessels that had been lodged in the different creeks; and to atchieve such other exploits as have characterized the British arms, since the commencement of this cruel and unnatural war. Having set fire to the frigates and other vessels, they landed at Bordentown, burnt the dwelling-house and stores belong- ing to Joseph Borden, Esq.1 and inhumanly butchered three of the militia, who unfortunately fell into their hands. — The wind and tide being favourable, the country was not alarmed until the frigates were on fire. — The next day they proceeded as far up the river as Biles's island, with an intention of visiting this place,2 but their boats meeting with an unexpected opposition from our artillery, which General Dickinson 3 ordered down for that purpose, and the militia tflrning out with their usual spirit, upon receiving his orders, vast numbers were quickly assembled ; after exchanging a few shot, the enemy thought appear- ances too unfavourable to proceed any farther. — On their return, they landed at Col. Kirkbride's farm, and destroyed all his buildings of every kind. — General Dickinson having sent a detachment of militia down the river, to protect the inhabitants from small parties, they made prize of a sloop the enemy had loaded with plunder, with six men on board.
Thus do these people seek Peace ; and thus would they conciliate the affections of the Americans! — -At the very time that terms are pretended to be offered, and proposals of accommodation, as they say, on the point of being made, fire and sword are carried to our habitations, and these Instruments of violence are committing every species of rapine, plunder and cruelty ! This is the application of Lord North's Sermon on the 19th of Februarv last !
1 For sketch of Borden family, see New Jersey Archives, Vol. XII., p. '2'2.
2 Trenton.
3 Philemon Dickinson. For sketch see Ifeic Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 35.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 209
Monday evening last arrived here from Head-Quarters, Lieut. Col. De Hart, with the first Jersey regiment, and early yesterday morning this force marched to join Col. Shreve at Haddonfield.
TO BE SOLD,
BY VENDUE, at the house of Mrs. Noel,1 in Elizabeth- Town, on Tuesday the 26th of May, at 10 o'clock- A variety of household and kitchen furniture ; among which are, a handsome mahogany desk and book-case, mahogany chairs and tables, a very good eight-day clock in a neat japanned case, tea-tables, China Bowls, looking-glasses, pictures ; a large copper kettle, brass andirons, shovels and tongs, a jack, pewter plates and dishes, &c. with a large assortment of new books in history, divinity, law, physic and miscellany, with stationary, &c.
Also an exceeding good PHAETON, almost new, to be sold at private sale. Enquire of Mr. Caldwell, in Spring- field.
Elizabeth-Town, May 4, 1778.
Young Figure,
A BEAUTIFUL BAY HORSE, nine years old, and fifteen hands high, the property of General Nathaniel Heard, covers mares at Six Pounds proc. the season, at Rocky-Hill, in the county of Somerset, and State of East- New-Jersey: He was bred by the proprietor, and got by the Duke of Hamilton's Figure, who was got by Old Figure; he was got by Standard, sire of Sir James Lowther's Jason, a good racer: This sire's dam was called Young Mariamne, got by Old Crab ; her dam, Old
1 Situated on Jersey street; subsequently the home of General Jonathan Dayton.
14
210 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION.
Mariamne, was got by Old Partner; his sire's great grandam was called Luggs, and got by Bald Galloway. Young Figure's dam was Britannia, a full sister to True Briton, and out of Col. Gant's Milley, a full sister to Col. Hopper's Pacolet ; her grandam was Queen Mab, got by Musgrave's grey Arabian,- is a most beautiful horse, for whom he refused five hundred guineas; he was up at ten guineas a leap. Her great grandam by Governor Harrison's Arabian; her great, great grandam. by his Chestnut Arabian ; her great, great, great grandam, by Leeds; her great, great, great, great grandam was a Barb, brought over by Mr. Marshall, and was dam of Mr. Craft's Grey-Hound. The sire of Young Figure won the following purses, to wit. One purse at Muscarto upon Tyne; one ditto, Lancaster; one ditto at Sterling; one ditto at Busby: JL? also got a premium at Ourtar. At Lancaster he beat Mr. Baney's Spinner, a good runner, and the odds against him was fifty to five. As to his performance in Maryland, he also won a purse a few months after his importation, and has since beat a num- ber of capital horses, proving himself to be one of the stoutest and steadiest runners that ever started for plate, or match, upon this continent.
Good pasture at 3s. 9d. proc. per week, and good at- tendance given.
To be sold, a FARM, containing 150 acres, consisting of up-land, meadow and wood-land, at Fall Neck, in Shrewsberry, with buildings, &c. Also sundry pieces of meadow in the town of Shrewsberry. Enquire of SAMUEL BREESE/ in said town.
1 Chosen on May 27th, 1775, as a member of the Committee of Observa- tion, and a member of a sub-committee to instruct deputies attending State Congress at Trenton. He was also Colonel of the 3d Regiment, Monmouth county.
177S I NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 211
Twenty Dollars Reward.
DESERTED from the quarter guard of the fourth regi- ment, of light dragons, commanded by Col. Stephan Moy- lan, a certain John Cheak., a soldier belonging to the aforesaid regiment, being confined for embezzling the property of the United States, and speaking high treason against said States. He is five feet ten inches high, dark complexion, black hair. Had on when he went away, a red regimental coat, leather breeches, and an old beaver hat. Whoever will secure said Cheak in any of the gaols of the United States, or return him to Col. White's quar- ters, at New-Brunswick, shall have the above reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by
ZEBULON PIKE, Ad jut L. D.1
JOSEPH PLOWMAN, PIN-MAKER,
BEGS leave to inform the Publick, that he carries on the Pin-making business in Bordentown; where he has for sale, pins, equal in quality to any ever imported ; like- wise brass and iron knitting needles, ditto hooks and eyes, £c. &c.
X. B. He likewise makes paper maker's moulds, draws musical and sewing wires.
STOLEN out of the stable of Theodoras Covenhoven, of Englishtown, on Sunday the 10th of May, a dapple grey MARE, 5 years old, about 14 and a half hands high, has a wart at the corner of her near eye which still appears sore, has no shoes on, and is a natural trotter. Also a
1 Father of Colonel Zebulon M. Pike, western explorer and disco verer of Pikes Peak.
212 NEW JERSEY IX TIIK i; KVoI.lTlnX. [1778
bay GELDING, about 14 hands high, has a small star in his forehead, vow ill-natur'd when mounted and expresses it by switching his tail. Whoever takes up said creatures so that the owner may have them again, and the thief be secured, shall have Fifty Dollars reward with reasonable charges, paid by
THEODORAS COVENHOVEX.
N. B. Both mare and horse are in very good order.
WHEREAS many of the horses, waggons, camp-kettles, and other effects, belonging to the army of the United States, have been left in the hands of sundry persons in this state for safety: Notice is hereby given to all such persons immediately to inform me of the same, or send them to my office ^t Pitts-Town, in Hunterdon county, for which they shall be paid ; and any person detected in attempting to secrete any of the property of the said United States, may depend on being prosecuted.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY,
A NUMBER of able-bodied team-drivers to engage for one year in the Continental service. — The great wages of Ten Pounds per month is allowed, and one month's pay advanced if required, and at the expiration of six months (upon producing a certificate from the Waggon-Master General of their good behaviour) shall receive a new suit of cloaths. Also wanted to purchase, or hire, teams com- pleatly fitted for immediate use. Team-drivers may enter with any of the assistant Quarter-Masters in this state. MOORE FURMAN,
D. Q. M. G. of New-Jersev.
*
STOLEN from the house of Col. Spencer, in Elizuhorli- Town, on the night of the 26th of April, 17 IN, ;i new
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 213
pair of russet-leather SADDLE-BAGS, containing one sheet of Continental money, a hat about half worn, and two receipt-books belonging to the Pay-Master of Col. Spencer's regiment. Any person having said books, and returns them to the owner or Mr. Graham, in Elizabeth- Town, shall receive a reward of Thirty Dollars, and be asked no questions about the money.
ROBERT SPENCER, P. Mast.
Col. Spencers Regt,
WANTED,
A SINGLE person as a SCHOOL MASTER, who can come well recommended for his abilities and good behaviour. Any such person will meet with good encouragement, by applying to the subscriber, living at Six Mile Run, Som- erset County*^
JOHN STRYKER..
This is to inform the publick, that the Tallow-chandlers and Soap-Boiling business will be carried on by the sub- scriber, in New-Brunswick. All persons having tallow, or fat, and ashes, and will bring them to him, shall receive the highest price in money, or hard soap or candles in exchange for them.
JAMES STRICKER.
Aj.ril 28, 1778.
To be sold, a PLANTATION, in Amwell township, Hunterdon county, containing 232 acres, lying near the road leading from Ringo's tavern to Corryell's ferry; 1 whereon are two dwelling-houses, a large frame barn, two apple and one peach orchard. Any gentleman wanting to purchase, may be shewn the premises by Stephen Howell on said place. For particulars apply to the subscriber, near Trenton.
OBADIAH HOWELL.
1 Lambertvtlle.
214- NEW JERSEY IN THE R I . V( ) 1 .1 TI( )X. | 1 . 7
TO THE PUBLICK.
ANY person that has a good BREWIXG-KETTLE, that will hold about eight or ten barrels, to dispose of, and will please to acquaint the subscriber living at Xr\v- Shannock, in the county of Somerset and State of Xew- Jersey, with his name and place of abode, will meet with a willing purchaser.
WILLIAM VERBRYCK.
May 6, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
By the subscriber at Pitts-Town, Hunterdon couuhj. New-Jersey.
SUNDRY tracts of land, situate in Sussex county ; one of which contains about 800 acres, with very good im- provements thereon near Paulings-Kiln river. Also 21 L acres of land, of the one equal undivided fourth part of 845 acres, surveyed to William Coxe, Esq. situate at a place called Stoat's Gap, near Oxford furnace. Also the one equal undivided half part of 404 acres of land, near Pahaqualong mountain, surveyed to Charles Coxe, K-«|. Also the one equal undivided half part of 364 acres of land, besides the usual allowance for highways, surveyed to the said Charles Coxe, Esq. near Pequaeson river. Also the one equal undivided half part of 170 acres of land, besides the usual allowance for highways, surveyed to the said Charles Coxe, Esq. near the great meadows. Also the whole of two separate surveys, or tracts of land, each containing 105 acres, lying on both sides of Mus- konetcung river, about a quarter of a mile from Squire's- Point-Works, on said river.
JOHX ROOKHILL.
Pitts-Town, April 13, 1778.
17 78] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 215
The Trustees of Queen's College 1 in New-Jersey, are requested to meet at John Bennet's, near Somerset Court- house, on Tuesday the second day of June next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon. It is most earnestly desired that the Gentlemen Trustees will give their attendance.
JACOB R, HARDENBERGH, Clerk.
May 5, 1778.
THE Publick is hereby informed, that the business of Queen's College .in New-Jersey, formerly carried on in the city of New-Brunswick, is begun at the North Branch of Raritan, in the county of Somerset, in a pleasant and retired neighbourhood; lodging and board may be had in decent families at £30 proclamation money, per annum. All possible care will be taken of the youth sent to this institution, both as to their instruction and accomo- dation. The Gentleman who should incline to send their sons to this institution, may apply to John Tailor, A.M. Tutor at the place aforesaid.
STOLEN from the subscriber, near Elizabeth-town, New- Jersey, on the night of the 24th inst two HORSES : one a large brown, six years old, well made, trots and canters; he hath a remarkable scar on the buttocks, six or eight inches in length across the root of his tail. The other a black horse, with a star in his forehead, 4 years old, is middling large, but low in flesh, his head large, his tail long, with white hairs in it; he trots mostly and paces some. A reasonable compensation for securing or return- ing said horses, or either of them, will be made by
ABRAHAM CLARK.2
April 27, 1778.
1 Rutgers College, New Brunswick.
2 See New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 527.
210 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
WAS STOLEN from the subscriber, near Crosswicks, in Burlington county., West New-Jersey, two HORSES, one a bay with a dark mane and tail, four white feet, a large blaze in his face, well set heavy bodied horse, near fifteen hands high, and 13 years old: The other a likely young black roan, has a light grey face with two small curies in his forehead, slim legs; a colt of Bullerock, four years old this spring, 14 hands high ; both in good order. Who- ever takes up the said horses, so that the owner can have them again, shall have the above reward with reasonable charges, and Twenty Dollars for the thief or thieves, paid by
WILLIAM ALLEN.
April 30, 1778.
TO BE SOLD
A NECK of Land, lying one mile from Shrewsbury, East-New-Jersey, containing 284 acres, consisting of the best of fresh and salt meadow, timber and tilable land ; whereon is a good dwelling-house, with five rooms on a floor, a good barn, milk and chair-house, two large or- chards of the best of fruit. It is pleasantly situated, and bounded by water, so that to enclose the whole requires but a few pannels of line fence. For further particulars enquire of the subscriber at Elizabeth-Town.
THOMAS EATTOK
May 2, 1777. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 24, May 13, 1778.
17T.S I NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 217
PHILADELPHIA.
Last Thursday night four gallies, an armed brig and a schooner, with a detachment of light infantry in boats, went up the river. On Friday the troops were landed near White Hill, where a show of resistance was made by about fifty light-horse and the like number of militia, who were instantly dispersed with the loss of several men and four pieces of cannon, which were demolished. In pursuing the fugitives into Bordentown, one Ivins was accidentally killed in crossing the street. A quantity of naval stores and some thousands of tent-poles, pegs &c. with the store-houses were burnt, by wrhich means the dwelling-house of Mr. Borden also shared the same fate. In the mean-time, the people of the navy set fire to the Washington and Effingham frigates, two very fine ships, and to a number of vessels in Crosswicks creek.
The troops were then reimbarked, passed over the river and landed. The next morning two gallies and some boats proceeded up to Biles's Island, where several vessels were set on fire, while the boats went up to Watson's creek, where the rebel gallies were found with their masts only above water. Here the boats were saluted with a number of cannon-shot, which did no damage. The two gallies were by this time a-ground, and exchanged some shot with the rebels from the lower point of the island. It was some hours before the gallies floated, during which time the exasperated seamen from the boats and vessels below set fire to the house of Mr. Kirkbride and to the ferry- house. As soon as the gallies returned from above, the troops marched across the country and halted at Bristol, till the vessels came down, when they were reimbarked and proceeded down the river. Two ships' were burnt at Bristol, and several below Burlington. The number de- stroyed, besides the two frigates, are two privateers, one of fourteen the other of ten guns, one large ship pierced for twenty-four guns, nine other ships, besides fourteen
218 M-:\V .IKI^KV IX TIIK JfKVOI/l'TIOX. [1778
or fifteen smaller vessels. The troops and vessels em- ployed on this excursion returned on Sunday to this town without the loss of a man. We are since informed that the rebels lost seventeen men killed at Bordentown.
The latter end of last week thirteen men, who had gone down from this city to Salem, learning there was a violent rebel Colonel in the neighbourhood of that place, agreed to go and make him their prisoner. Accordingly they went on shore, without any arms, and took him: But before they could bring him off, a party of armed rebels, who had been immediately informed of the affair by some of the neighbours, came upon them, rescued the Colonel, and making them prisoners, sent them off under a guard of seven men with fixed bayonets to Head-quarters. On their way, about ten miles from Billingsport, they agreed to seize upon their guard, and having disarmed them, made five of them prisoners, and conducted them to Bil- lingsport, from whence they have been brought up, and are safely lodged in the provost of this city. — The Penn- sylvania Ledger, May 13, 1778.
New- York. A small Party of the Rebels were on the Night of last Sunday Week as far down as Prior's Mills, and carried away two Negro Men that were coming to market with a few Eggs and a small Quantity of Butter.
They were also down at the same Place, last Friday and Saturday, and carried off some more Negroes, but were pursued by a Party from Powlis Hook, when they took to their Heels.
Several Indians on the Frontiers of Pennsylvania have informed many of the Inhabitants -of that Province, that as soon as they have got their Corn planted, they intend to take up the Hatchet in Order to aid the Great King over the Water, in Consequence of which, several Families had removed from Wyoming and Shamokin into many Parts of New Jersey.
The Inhabitants of Bergen County, in New Jersey, have just received Orders to deliver for the Continental
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. U219
Army the 18th Man in their County, and all the Re- mainder is to be divided into 8 classes to hold themselves in Readiness to march at the first Beat of Drum where ever they may be ordered.
A Rebel Privateer Schooner made her appearance off Sandy Hook last Saturday, and had nigh taken one of our Pilot Boots the same Day.
We hear Sir William Howe sailed from Philadelphia for Great-Britain a few Days ago, and that there has been a Skirmish in New-Jersey, near Trenton, between a Part of the Royal Army under the Command of Sir William Erskin, and the Rebels under the Command of Mr. Max- well, the Event of which we impatiently wait to hear.— Neiv-YorJc Gazette and Weekly Mercury, May 18, 1778.
Mr
You are requested, as you esteem, and value your own interest and the publick's regard, to insert the folloiriiit/ CARD in your next Paper.
THE Military present their compliments to Gen. Howe, or the next in command, and inform him, that as he has, through the malice and influence of some of the Tories, and Enemies of the United States, burnt two dwelling- houses and ten out-houses and stores, belonging to Joseph Borden, Esq. of Borden-Town ; and two dwelling-houses and six valuable outrhouses, for Col. Kirkbride of Belle- view, in Bucks County, besides robbing them of goods, &c. to a large amount — They, the military, purpose burn- ing the same value belonging to the Tories in their own neighbourhood, who have not spirit enough openly to avow the cause they meanly and clandestinely endeavour to support, by which they would forfeit to the states — but to have special care, that not one farthing more shall be wasted than will fully retaliate — And that it is the deter- mined resolution of the Military to go on in future upon this principle.
To Gen. Howe, &c.
220 NEW JERSEY IN Til K U KV( ) I.TTION. [1778
TREXTOX, May 20. Extract of a letter from Camp,1 dated May 13, 1778.
"We have accounts by various persons, that the enemy have dismounted many of their cannon, and put them on board — that their transports are taking forage aboard— and that 'tis suspected they are preparing for a retreat: —I am of the opinion however that they will not leave Philadelphia till they cannot possibly hold it longer — and perhaps the forage being put on board is only to accomodate the horses of Gen. Howe's family and the refugees who go with him; — for I am informed by a gentleman, who has been down with a flag, that Gen. Howe will sail in a few days for England."
Friday evening last this town 2 was handsomely illu- minated, in consequence of the important intelligence brought from France by Mr. Deane.3 Princeton has also been illuminated on the same occasion.
Two deserters from our Row-galleys, who went to the enemy some time ago, were lately taken by a scouting party of our troops, in Gloucester county, and were brought to this town 4 on Monday last, One of them is named John Gilfroy, who was tried yesterday by a Court-Martial, and condemned to be hanged: But his execution is de- ferred 'till the sentence is confirmed by his Excellency the President of the State of Pennsylvania. The other, \vc hear, is shortly to take his trial at Lancaster.
1 Valley Forge.
- Trenton.
Xews of the treaty between France and the United States.
* Trenton.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS.
A FEW DOZEN of
ALMANACKS for 1778,
To be SOLD b the Printer hereof.
WAS taken, the 4th day of March last, from the sub- scriber in Mauntholly, a new sleigh, branded S. Bud, with a set of harness and swingle-trees, by two persons named Henderson and Humphreys, who call themselves Gentlemen. They are desired to return the same, or let the owner know where he may get them ; and any person who will give information, so that he may get them again, shall be satisfied for their trouble.
STACY BUDD.1
May 20, 1778.
THIS is to desire all persons indebted to the estate of John Gordon, deceased, of Somerset county, to make pay- ment unto Samuel Stout, and all those who have any demands against said estate are also desired to bring in their accounts to said Stout, who is empowered to settle the same.
WILLIAM COLLINS.
May 20, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
ON reasonable terms, an elegant two-wheel'd CHAISE, with steel springs and harness compleat, almost new. Apply to Mr. Joshua Douglas, jun. Koxbury township, Morris county.
1 Dr. Stacy Budd. descendant of Hev. Thomas Budd, of Martosh Parish, Somersetshire, England, was born in 1740. In 1762 he married Sarah Munro, for which he was disowned by the Society of Friends, of which religious body he was a member. He was subsequently reinstated, a? his wife joined the Society. He had a large practice, extending for forty miles from Mount Holly, his home, to Tuckerton. Dr. Budd died in 1804.
--- NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
FIFTEEX DOLLARS REWARD.
SUPPOSED to be stolen or strayed out of the pasture of the subscriber, on Monday the llth inst. a brown bay HORSE, near 14 hands high, marked on the left buttock with the letters H P; trots and canters well, and carries a fine head. Any person informing the owner, or deliver- ing said horse, so that the owner may have him again. shall have the above reward, and all reasonable charge*-, paid by me
WILLIAM COCK.
Hillsborouyli, May 16, 1778.
JOIIX DENTON
Has for SALE, at Princeton, in the Lane opposite the college, the following articles ;
Pepper, ginger, copperas, men's beaver hats, snuff by the bladder, pound, or ounce ; pins, needles, tapes, bobbin, shirt buttons, white and colour'd sewing threads and silks ; men's fine shirts; tar by the barrel; fish-hooks; cut tobacco ; paste-boards ; loaf sugar ; women's shoe heels ; Skillington wire; schoolmasters assistants, leather ink stands, spike nails, &c.
ALL PERSONS who are indebted to the estates of John B. Dumont and Ann Van Duyn, of the county of Somer- set, deceased, either by bond, note, or book-account, are desired to make payment by the 25th of June: And all persons who have any demands against said estates, are den red to bring in their accounts to be discharged by us,
PETER J. B. DUMOjffT, 1
PETER H. DUMONT, V Executors.
PETER DUMONT, Sen. J
May 8, 177s.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of RICHARD WIL- KIXSOX, deceased, are hereby requested to pay their re- spective accounts to the subscriber, at Woodbridge : And those who have any demands against said estate, are desired to bring in their accounts, properly attested, to the subscriber, at the place aforesaid, that they may be discharged.
JONATHAN BLOOMFIELD, administrator.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of Doctor Bern. Budd,1 late of Morris county, deceased, either by bond, bill or book debt, are requested to make speedy payment to the subscriber, or they may expect to be immediately dealt with as the law directs: And all those that have any demands against the said estate, are desired to bring in their accounts, well attested, for settlement.
PHEBE BUDD,2 adm.
May 11, 1778.
Mr. COLLINS,
Should America continue the Land of Liberty, it will probably be the happiest country the sun ever saw. The contemplation of this must animate every generous mind in the cause of Freedom. — / have thrown together a few lines on this subject, and if they are worth publication, you may insert them in your next Gazette.
1 Bernardus Budd. a distant relative of Dr. Stacy Budd, was a man of marked ability. He was one of the founders of the New Jersey Medical Society, but having become involved in a scheme to counterfeit colonial bills of credit, was sentenced to be executed. Owing to his high social posi- tion and that of his associates, all were reprieved on' the morning set for their execution. Subsequently, in 1777. he was appointed surgeon of General Wind's brigade, dying of putrid fever three months after his appointment. No stone marks his burial place at Columbia Bridge.
1 Phebe Wheeler Budd, of Morris county, wife of Dr. Budd.
NEW JERSEY IX THE RKV< H.l'TION. [1778
THE FUTURE GLORY OF AMERICA.
SOON as the lark observes the morning's grey,
The first faint glimmerings of the opening day,
Upward he springs, to meet the rising light,
Hangs in mid-air, and carrols at the sight :
So towers the mind, to see the day at hand,
And night's dull train withdrawing from our land ;
She towers on high and hails the orient ray,
The dawn of glory brightening into day ;
Rapt with the view, forsees the mid-day blaze —
Sees distant times, and future scenes surveys.
She sees the time when this New World shall show The giant-strength she bears, and crush the foe ; When tyrant Kings shall vex her realms no more, But haughty Britain trembles at her power ; When mad Bellona shall forget to rage, And smiling Peace recalls the Golden Age ; When angel Freedom hastens to our shore, She calls it hers — nor be an exile more.
In this joint reign of Freedom and of Peace, I see the sons of this New World increase; Num'rous as ocean sands I see them rise, Num'rous as stars which gild the winter skies, And westward far their fearless steps they press. And make a Garden of the Wilderness.
See ! in those wilds where now the Savage roams, Or wigwams stand, fair Agriculture comes! At her approach the forest prostrate lies, And lo ! the dwellings of our children rise : At her command, the golden harvest grows, The desert smiles and blossoms like the rose, And shepherds teach their fleecy flocks to stray Where the fierce panther us'd to prowl for prey. See ! peaceful hamlets deck the rural scene. And towns arise by many a distant stream. I see them rise beside Ontario's flood, Where once huge oaks and ancient poplars stood : I see them glittering in the Ohio's tide, I see them deck the Mississippi's side. I see the time when Industry explores The desert thro', and meets the ocean's shores — Along those shores she bids fair cities smile, And heavy fields reward the peasant's toil, Invites a thousand navies to her strand, Laden with wealth from many a distant land : From Persia's realm's, the boast of former times, Fr'om China's coast or India's burning climes.
1778] .\K\YS PAPER EXTRACTS. 225
What millions swarm (call'd forth by Freedom's ray) From Georgia's groves to Baffin's frozen bay, From where the huge Pacific laves her shore, To where the wild Atlantic's surges roar. To bless these millions, Art exhausts her powers, And lavish Nature empties all her stores; While Commerce lays her treasures at their feet, And rifles different lands to make them great.
*
Then shall fair Science feast th' enraptur'd mind With Knowledge yet unpluckt, and Truth refin'd ; No more recluse she spreads her hundred doors, And opens all her intellectual stores. — She calls the Muses from their ancient seats, And bids them hasten to her green retreats, — They hasten hither — and they love the glades, Stray thro' the meads and frolic in the shades ; Smit with these virgin scenes, their praise rehearse, And bid them flourish in immortal verse ; To paint their beauties, wake the poet's tongue, And not a grove shall bloom, or river flow unsung.
Some future bard, whom all the Muses love, Shall sing the charms of fair Virginia's grove, Or tune his vocal reed by Schuylkill's side, Struck with the beauties of his silver tide And Susquehanna, as she rolls along, Shall hear her name immortaliz'd in song.
Here Governments their last perfection take. Erected only for the People's sake : Founded no more on Conquest or in blood. But on the basis of the Public Good. No contests then shall mad ambition raise. No chieftains quarrel for a sprig of praise, No thrones shall rise, provoking lawless sway. And not a King to cloud the blissful day ; But FREEDOM, universal FREEDOM reigns, Nor sees a slave in all her happy plains.
'Twas for these embryo blessings Warren bled.
And lov'd Montgomery's daring spirit fled.
In their defence brave Nash resigned his breath,
And gallant Mercer nobly frown'd on death.
Oh ! may their fame which blossoms in the tomb,
And this dim view of ages yet to come,
Nerve the young warriors arm in Freedom's cause,
And edge the sword the noble patriot draws ;
Teach him in Freedom's cause, 'tis truly great,
15
.\K\V .JKKSKY IX THE REVOI.ITM >.\ . [1778
To bare his bosoin to the shafts of fate : To brave the horrors of the deathful plain, And freely fall, if Ileav'n shall so ordain. Then shall his spirit, free'd from mortal cares, Mount to the skies and mingle with the stars : Heroes shall kindle at his growing fame, And distant ages venerate his name.
ADOLPHUS. Gazette, I'o/. 1. \<>. '27), May 20. 1778.
TREXTOX, May 27.
The MILITIA of this State are desired to be particularly attentive to signals — as a movement of the enemy is soon expected.
To-day tJie Legislature of this State are to meet at Princeton,, agreeable to adjournment.
Friday last a prize vessel, laden with Irish beef and pork, bound to Xew-York, was taken by Capt. Anderson and 16 men, in an armed boat, and brought into Tom's River. Several other prizes have also been lately sent into Little Egg-Harbour. Their cargoes are taken proper care of — one of which consisted of a considerable quantity of salt.
Deserters from the British army are daily coming out of Philadelphia — and it remains to be confidently asserted that the enemy are making every preparation to evacuate that city in a short time.
We are informed that a gentleman arrived at Elizabeth- town on Saturday last, from Xew-York, who brought an account that war had been declared there that day in form, against France — and that a French frigate of 28 guns had been captured and brought into Xew-York harbour the same day.
We have many corroborating accounts, that the enemy in Xew-York and Philadelphia have lately been impress- ing refugees, and young men inhabitants of those places, and putting them handcuffed on board their ships.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 227
It is currently reported that the New Levies or Green Coats,1 and Tories who have fled to the. enemy for pro- tection, are all to be sent immediately to the English West- Indies, to defend those islands against the French.
Yesterday twenty-one prisoners were brought to this town under guard, among whom are thirteen sailors, who \vei'e taken on board the prize vessels above-mentioned.
By the latest, intelligence received from Philadelphia, we learn the enemy intend to retreat thro' this State to Xew-York. — We are informed the necessary preparations are making for their reception — That the whole militia of this State will be in motion within a few days; and that a large detachment of continental troops are now on their march to join General Dickinson.
His Excellency the Governor hereby directs the gentle- men appointed in this State to purchase horses for the cavalry, to apply for payment to Moore Funnan, Esq. Deputy Quarter-Master General for this State, at Pitts- Town, who is furnished with cash and certificates for that purpose, producing to him receipts for the said horses from the officers to whom they have been delivered, and proper vouchers for the prices at which the same were re- spectively purchased.
To be sold to the highest bidder, at the house of John Smith, farmer, at Maidenhead, six miles from Trenton, on the 20th of June next, viz.
1 Xew 12 inch cable, about 120 fathoms in length, 1 Ten and half inch ditto, 110 ditto, almost new, 1 Seven and half inch ditto, 90 ditto, not half worn, shrouds, stays and standing rigging for a vessel of 200 tons. — Also to be sold at Easton, Pennsylvania, on the
1 So called, by reason of their uniform. Many of these loyalists were recruited in East Jersey and formed into companies, not only for foreign hut for local service.
M-;w .IKK SKY 1\ TIIK KKYOLrriOX. [177*
15th of June, a complete suit of sails and running for a brig of 200 tons burthen.1 For particulars apply to Stephen -Iiiseph Roget, at Kaston, or to Cnpt. Maroquier, at Trenton.
BY virtue of sundry writs of //>/•/ /'(iritis t<> me direeted, against the lands and tenements of John Cook, adminis- trator to the estate of Asa Cook, deceased, I have levied and seized on a tract of land in the township of Roxbury, containing about 15 acres, whereon is a house and a quar- ter part of a grist-mill, standing on Black-River about two miles below Thomas Fearcloes mills. Likewise the plantation in Mendham where said Asa Cook, deceased, formerly lived, containing about 50 acres of good land, whereon is a good young orchard, a house and barn with a black-smith's shop, which will be exposed to sail at publick vendue on the premises last mentioned, on Wed- nesday the 8th day of June next, between the hours of 12 and 5 in the afternoon, for ready .cash, by
ALEXANDER CARMICIIAEL, Sheriff.
Morris Comity, May 18, 1778.
EIGHT DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED away in the month of February last, a sorrel COLT, the property of James Ledden, late Waggon-master at Trenton. The above colt has a bald face, three if not four white feet, one wall eye, an undocked tail, and is two years old. — Any person on delivering said colt to the subscriber at Trenton, shall have the above reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by
SAM. 1IKXRY.
Trenton, Mai/ i:J///. 1778.
1 Probably some of the equipment removed from Philadelphia to inland towns during the autumn of 1777, to prevent it from falling into the hands of the British.
1778] NEWSPAPER. EXTRACTS. 229
THE Members of the Old Brechan Club, formerly held at Michael Duff's in Philadelphia, are requested to meet at the house of Joseph Douglas, in Crosswicks, New- Jersey, on Monday the 4th of July; when business of the greatest importance will be laid before the society. Every member within reach of this advertisement is earnestly requested to attend.
By order of the President,
JOSEPH F.MIYKX, SeCT.
THE ACADEMY which used to be kept in this town will be opened again on the first day of June, by Mr. Joseph Periam, who for several years conducted it with such deserved applause. It will also as usual be under the inspection and quarterly visitation of a number of gentle- men in the town neighbourhood. — Young gentlemen and ladies who have made some little progress in reading, will be taught reading with propriety and gracefulness, oratory, writing, arithmetic, surveying, navigation and mathematical branches in general ; also geography and philosophy, besides the Latin and Greek languages,
JAMES CALDWELL,
Elizabeth-Town, ) in behalf of the visitors.
May 18, 1778. j
LOST by the subscriber, some time last spring, a State Lottery Ticket, No. 84757. Any person who hath or shall find said ticket, and returns it to the owner, will be handsomely rewarded. The managers of said Lottery are hereby requested not to pay any prize that may be drawn against said number, to any person except the subscriber,
DAVID BAKER. Westfield, East-New- Jersey, May 18, 1778.
BY virtue of a writ of fieri facias to me directed, will be exposed to sale by way of publick vendue, the 4th of
NKW .JKKSKY IN TIIK UKYOI.fTIoX . [177*
August next ensuing, at the promises, a PLANTATION, situated in idngwood, Hunterdon county, West-New-Jer- sey, bounded by lands of Richard Opdyce, Esq. and others, whereon William Coolbock now lives, containing about 66 acres ; there is on it a good dwelling-house. The vendue to begin at two o'clock, and conditions made known by
JOSEPH INSLEE. Sheriff.
Twenty Dollars Reward.
STOLEN last night out of the subscriber's stable, a small bay MARE, about 13 hands high, a natural trotter, branded on the near thigh and shoulder with the letters E R. Who- ever takes up said n»are, and brings her to the subscriber, shall have Eight Dollars and reasonable charges, and Twelve Dollars for securing the thief.
JONATHAN I. DAYTON.
Elizabeth-Town, May 18, 1778.
PUBLICK Notice is hereby given to all persons having any demands on Joseph Hugg, Israel Morris and Samuel Hugg, for provisions purchased or supplied the Conti- nental army or militia, in WestrJersey or Pennsylvania, since the 28th day of December, 1776, to bring in their accounts, with the vouchers to whom delivered, to the Commissary's office at Mount-holly, in ten days from the date hereof, and as much sooner as possible, in order to have them adjusted. It is hoped that the strictest atten- tion will be paid by all who have demands, as there is an order from the Commissary-General "that all accounts not settled within three weeks from the date, be pre- cluded."
JOSEPH HUGG.
A. C. of Purch.
Mount-holly, May 23, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 231
f
TWENTY hogsheads of West-India rum, fifty pieces Russia sheeting, a few pieces Holland stripes, superfine blue broadcloth in pieces, suitable for regimentals, 2000 weight coffee, table knives and forks, and some excellent Bohea tea in chests, just imported from the East-India warehouse at Amsterdam, to be sold by Peter Stretch,1 at Kennet Square, in Chester county, Pennsylvania, about ten miles from Wilmington, on Delaware. — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 26, May 2 7 to, 1778.
New- York, June 1. We hear there are a great Num- ber of Flat-bottomed Boats now building, and old ones repairing at Bound-Brook, Elizabeth-Town, and Newark, in New Jersey. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, June 1, 1778.
Extracts from his Excellency Governor LIVINGSTON'S Message to the General Assembly of the. State of New- Jersey.
GENTLEMEN,
/ HEARTILY congratulate you upon the agreeable news we have received from France, since I had the pleasure of meeting you last in this place. The treaties of alliance, and of amity and commerce, between his Most Christian Majesty and the United States of America, by which our freedom, sovereignty and independence, are fully recog- nized, ratified and guarantied, and our trade left free and unem- barassed, are so advantageous on our part, and display such generosity and magnanimity on that of our illustrious ally, as cannot but excite in our breasts the most cordial respect for that powerful Monarch, and the devoutest acknowledgment of that propitious Providence which hath influenced the heart of a foreign Prince to interpose his assistance for delivering us from the bloody prosecution of one so lately our own. As we were at first compelled into a declaration of independence, it was the highest wisdom to solicit a suitable alliance for its security and support. To both these measures we may appeal to the whole world, that we were driven by a tyrannical King, a venal Parliament, and a flagitious Ministry. Indeed the conduct of our oppressors has. thro' the whole course of the war, been so infatuate and remorseless, as if Heaven had deprived them of common sense, as well as Hell
1 For sketch of Stretch family, see Kcw jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 516.
-•>- NEW JERSEY I X T 1 1 K REVOLUTION. [17 i>
inspired them with all its malice. Hut their day of national correction is swiftly approaching. Their unparalleled cruelties both in the eastern and western world, have at last enkindled the Divine vengeance; and the judgments of God are no\v overtaking a nation which has filled up the measure of its iniquity: and long been the most impious and irreligious of any in Christendom. To chastise her insolence, the force of France and America is now united hi an indissoluble league. How must haughty Britain be confoxmded at the dreadful news: and curse the fatal consequences of her moon-struck policy? Methinks I see her power and grandeur crumbling into ruin, and all her towering honours levelled with the dust. That decisive influence which she has long maintained in the scale of Europe-, is now rapidly verging to sullen impotence; and the mistress of the ocean become the contempt of those very potentates, who lately revered her councils and trembled at her arms. But how speedily soever she may be doomed to final perdition, it is our duty to guard against the vindictive effects of her expiring struggles. When all the horrors of desperation seize her : and utterly hopeless of conquest, she determines to rise even above herself, by some signal stupenduous act of barbarity, having, like the Devil in the apocalypse, great wrath because she knoweth that she luitli lint short time; she may attempt to desolate what she finds it impossible to subdue. Against such» ravage and destruction, to which, we know by experience, it is not beneath her dignity to condescend, it is our interest to oppose the most strenuous exertions. We want only one spirited and general effort to expel her remnant of banditti from the Continent, and forever to emancipate ourselves into compleat and uninterrupted liberty. One campaign more will, in all probability, decide the im- portant contest : And in whoso favour it is likely to terminate, is written by the hand of Providence in characters too legible to be mis- understood.
The alacrity of our men to enter into the service, and the great dispatch with which our battalions are completing, must also affect every lover of his country with singular pleasure.
The resolution of Congress of the 19th of March, respecting the raising the quotas of men, and the providing their accoutrements, is herewith laid before you, together with that of the 17th of April, pursuant to which this State is only to compleat three regiments of infantry in the manner recommended by the resolution of the 26th day of February last.
Gentlemen,
As you rose at the last sitting of the Assembly without ratifying the Articles of Confederation and perpetual Union between the States. I hope they will engage your early attention at the present.
The Congress, by their resolution of the 10th of March, having earnestly requested the Governors and Presidents of the respective States to transmit to them as soon as possible, attested copies of the acts passed by their respective legislatures, in pursuance of recom- mendations of Congress, which they may have received since the first day of November last, and of all acts which they may hereafter pass
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. . 233
in consequence of future recommendations. You will be pleased to furnish me, for that purpose, with attested copies of the acts first ili'scrilied, with all convenient speed.
I embrace this opportunity farther to communicate to you a resolu- tion of Congress, of the 1st instant, recommending it to the several Stales to empower the executive authority of such States, from time to time, to grant exemptions from duty in the militia to such persons as may, from time to time, be employed in manufacturing military stores and other articles, for the use of the United States.1
The present condition of our publick accounts renders it indis- pensibly necessary to appoint some person in the character of Auditor, with a sufficient salary to induce a gentleman of adequate skill and abilities to accept of the appointment.
I hope, Gentlemen, it will engage your seasonable consideration what measures ought to be adopted respecting those amphibious in- mates,2 (ever-willing citizens to all the purposes of deriving from the State every legal benefit and protection, but to none of returning reciprocal duty and allegiance) who seem resolved, to the very end of the quarrel, to maintain a kind of shameful and most disingenuous neutrality ; hoping, by not avowedly espousing either side, but occa- sionally and indirectly abetting both, to secure to themselves a favour- able reception with the prevailing party, let that party eventually prove to be the oppressive or oppressed. Such political hypocrites ought, by a general test, to be dragged from their lurking holes, fer- retted out of their duplicity and refiif/e of lies, and be taught by an act for the purpose, that however willing the legislature may be to imitate the example of the generous householder, who made no differ- ence in his payments between those who went to labour in his vineyard at the first or eleventh hour : they are determined not to set the first example in the world, of allowing wages to those who never would enter the vineyard at all, 'till the grapes were fully ripe, by the cultivation of others : and came then only with the view of sneak- ingly spunging upon, and regaling themselves with, the wine of other people's expressing.
There are in this State many valuable and conscientious citizens,3 who are scrupulous of taking an oath in the present form, and with the English ceremony of kissing the book ; which they consider as superstitious, and a remnant of popery. Amidst that liberality of
1 In 1777 a number of acts were passed exempting men from military duty. These statutes referred to employes in the Pennsylvania and other salt works : to skilled labor in the iron works at Batsto, Mount Holly, Mount Hope. Hibernia. Sharpsborough : in the paper mill of William Shafter, Middlesex county, as well as Isaac Collins and four of his printers on the New Jersey Gazette. In 1778 four men employed at the powder mill of Phillips & Lindsley, in Morris county, were exempted. In 1779, however, a general statute repealed all the special acts relating to«milt- tary exemptions of those engaged in the salt and iron industries.
'2 Reference is here made to a numerous body of New Jerseymen. many of whom profited by secret trade with the enemy, and who laid thereby the bases of family fortunes.
3 Mainly to be found in the membership of the Society of Friends.
234 MAY .IKKSKY IX THE REVQLUTIOX. [177^
sentiment, and utter abhorrence of infringing upon the rights of con- science, which seems to mark the present sera with peculiar IUSMV ; can it be consistent with sound policy, or the generous spirit of our constitution, to debar an honest man for a religious scruple from the privileges of society, which the most profligate and abandoned are permitted to enjoy in the fullest latitude? I therefore flatter myself that our legislature will be so indulgent to this scrupulosity, which is at least innocent, as to authorize the magistrate in the administra- tion of an oath, to dispense with such part of it as may embarass -lie conscience, and is beyond question altogether formal, and in no resp < t essential to its nature or solemnity.
I have farther to lay before you, Gentlemen, a resolution of Con- gress, of the 23d of April, recommending it to the legislatures of the several States to pass laws, or to the executive authority of each State, if invested with sufficient power, to issue proclamations offering pardon, with such exceptions and under such limitations and restric- tions as they shall think expedient, to such of their inhabitants or subjects as have levied war against any of the States, or adhered to, aided or abetted the enemy, and shall surrender themselves to any civil or military officer of any of these States, and shall return to the State to which they majr belong, before the tenth day of June next, and recommending it ID the good and faithful citizens of those stat"s to receive such returning penitents with compassion and mercy, and to forgive and bury in oblivion their past failings and transgressions.
Tho' I think it my duty to submit this resolution to your serious consideration, because it is recommended by Congress. I do not think it my duty to recommend it to your approbation, because it appears to me both unequal and impolitic. It may, consistently with the profouudest veneration for that august Assembly, be presumed that they are less acquainted with the particular circumstances and internal police of some of the States than those who have had more favourable opportunities for that purpose. There seems, it is true, something so nobl° and magnanimous in proclaiming an unmerited amnesty to a number of disappointed criminals submitting themselves to the mercy of their country ; and there is in reality something so divine and Christian in the forgiveness of injuries, that it may appear rather invidious to offer any thing in obstruction of the intended clemency. But as to the benevolent religion to which we are under the highest obligations to conform our conduct, though it forbids at all times, and in all cases, the indulgence of personal hatred and malevolence, it prohibits not any treatment of national enemies or municipal offenders, necessary to self-preservation, and the general weal of society. And as to humanity, I could never persuade myself that it consisted in such lenity towards our adversaries, either British or domestic, as was evidently productive of tenfold barbarity on their part ; when such, barbarity would probably have been prevented by our retaliating upon them the first perpetration ; and consequently our apparent inhumanity, in particular instances, have certainly been humane in the final result. Alas ! how many lives had been saved, and what a scene of inexpressible misery prevented, had we, from the beginning, treated
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 235
our bosom-traitors with proper severity, and inflicted the law of re- taliation upon an enemy too savage to be humanized by any other argument! As both political pardon and punishment ought to be regulated by political considerations, and must derive their expedience or impropriety from their salutary or pernicious influence upon the community. I cannot conceive what advantages are proposed by in- viting to the embraces of their country a set of beings, from which any country, I should imagine, would esteem it a capital part of its felicity to remain for ever at the remotest distance. It is not probable that those who deserted us to aid the most matchless connoisseurs in the refinements of cruelty, (who have exhausted human ingenuity in their engines of torture) in introducing arbitary power and all the horrors of slavery, and will only return from disappointment not from remorse, will ever make good subjects to a state founded in liberty, and inflexibly determined against every inroad of lawless dominion. The thirty-one criminals lately convicted of the most flagrant treason, and who. by the gracious interposition of government, were, upon very hopeful signs of penitence, generously pardoned, and then, with hypocritical cheerfulness, inlisttd in our service, have all, to a man, deserted to the enemy, and are again in arms against their native country, with the accumulated guilt of its being now not only the country that first gave them life, but which hath, after they had most • notoriously forfeited it, mercifully rescued them from death. Whence it is probable that a real Tory is by any human means absolutely inconvertible, having so entirely extinguished all the primitive virtue and patriotism natural to man, as not to leave a single spark to rekindle the original flame. — It is indeed against all probability that men, arrived at the highest possible pitch of degeneracy, the preferring of tyranny to a free government, should, except by a miracle of Omnipotence, be ever capable of one single virtuous impression. They have, by a kind of gigantic effort of villany, astonished the whole world, even that of transcending, in the enormities of desolation and blood-shed, a race of murderers before unequalled, and without com- petitor. Were it not for these miscreants, we should have thought that for cool, deliberate cruelty, and unavailing, undecisive havoc, the sons of Britain were without parallel. But considering the education of the latter, which has familiarized them to the shedding of innocent blood, from the meer thirst of lucre, they have been excelled; in their own peculiar and distinguishing excellence, by this monstrous birth and off- scouring of America, who, in defiance of nature and of nurture, have not only by a reverst ambition chosen bondage before freedom, but waged an infernal war against their dearest connections, for not mak- ing the like abhorred and abominable election. By them have numbers of our most useful and meritorious citizens been ambushed, hunted down, pillaged, unhoused, stolen or butchered. By them has the present contest on the part of Britain, been encouraged, aided and protracted. They are. therefore, responsible for all the additional blood that has been split by the addition of their weight in the scale of the enemy. Multitudes of them have superadded perjury to treason. At the com- mencement of our opposition they appeared more sanguine than others,
-•'>('> NEW .IKKSKY IX Til K K KYO l.ITK ).\. [177S
and, like the crni-klin;/ of thorns under a pot, exceeded in blaze and noise, the calm and durable flame of the steady and persevering. Tin y have associated, subscribed and sworn to assist in repelling the hostile attempts of our bowelless oppressors. They have with awful solemnity plighted their faith and honour to stand, with their liv« s and fortunes, by the Congress and the General, in support of that very liberty which, upon the first opportunity, they perfidiously arm'd to oppose, and have since sacrilegiously sworn utterly to exterminate. 'I'liix worthy citizen has lost a worthy father: that one a beloved brother: and a third, a darling sou. either immediately by their hands, or by their betraying him to the enemy, who, from a momentary un- intentional relapse into humanity were sometimes inclined to spare, when these pitiless wretches insisted upon slaughter, or threatened to complain of a relenting officer, merely because he was not diabolically cruel. — Is'or will such an act of grace prove eventual of restoring to their injured country the most proper objects of pardon. The more ignorant and deluded (if such ignorance and delusion there can be) will not be able to obtain leave from their vigilant task-masters to return to their duty. The most dangerous and influential will be indulged with this privilege, and that only to save their estates, without the least compunction of conscience, alteration of sentiment, or melio- ration of heart. Thefp having already been sworn and forsworn, will, without ceremony, repeat their perjury whenever it appears conducive • to the introduction of tyranny. — To screen such characters from popular resentment and personal insult. I presume no prudent man would chuse to become surety. Those of our citizens who have from the very beginning of the illustrious conflict, hazarded their persons and property, will think it iniquitable to receive such malignants into a full participation of all the blessings resulting from that inde- pendence, which, with the smiles of Providence, has by their co-opera- tion been so gloriously contested, and at so great expence and peril, battled out of the very jaws of tyranny. There is, in some of our counties in particular, who have more eminently suffered by their wanton ravages, so rooted an aversion against this kind of gentry, that the more conspicuous Whigs (generally the greatest sufferers) would think it extremely hard to proffer them all the immunities of that happy constitution, which they at infinite risque have been in- strumental in establishing, while those non-naturals were meditating our destruction, spilling our blood, and ardently wishing for our final enthralment. And can they ever expect to regain the confidence of their late fellow-subjects, whose very looks methinks must confound and abash them? Surely their mean spiritedness in brooking to return to their country, circumstanced as they are, is only to be equalled by their guilt in deserting it. Should we not be much happier, together with the abolition of regal mis-rule, to purge the continent also of this political pollution, which must necessarily tarnish the lustre, and may gradually infect some of the still incorrupted sons of America? Will it not be better policy to insist upon a perpetual separation from those whose intercourse with us must constantly revive the most painful ideas, and whose very presence among the genuine sons of freedom, would seem as unnatural as that of Satan oniony the sons of
377>] XKWSI'AI'KR KXTU.U TS. 237
doll.' The disgrace they have brought upon their native country can never be expunged except by expunging them. Let them, therefore, rather go into voluntary banishment, and settle some uninhabited island, rocky, if they please, as their hearts, and x«ircil ax their con- .vru'Mcrx. \vhere. not having one honest man among them, but being all involved in the same atrocious and insuperable crime of parricide, no one traitor can upbraid a brother traitor with his treason ; nor any individual of the whole culprit-fraternity point at a greater scelerat than himself — There let them establish a system of vassalage- most suitable to their own slavish dispositions; and erect an infamous monument in putrid memorial of thos>e apostates from reason and converts to despotism, who fled from Justice, for an attempted assas- sination of Liberty. — Or let them take sanctuary in a certain allready- settled island, (probably their favourite spot, because contaminated with every species of infamy) where it is no bar to the royal favour to have embrued one's hands in a brother's blood ; where the massacre and famishing of thousands has been rewarded' with a peerage ; and where no man need to despair of promotion for being a rascal.
PRINCETON, i WIL. LIVINGSTON.
.!/«.(/ '2U, 1778. \
TRENTOX, JUNE 3
\Ye are informed that on Wednesday morning last, a party of about seventy of the Greens from Sandy-Hook, landed near Major Kearney's, headed the mill-creek, Mid- dletown-Point, and marched to Mr. John Burrow's, made him prisoner, burnt his mills and both his store-houses, all valuable buildings, beside a great deal of his furniture — Also took Lieut. Col. John Smock, Capt. Christopher Little, Mr. Joseph Wall, Capt. Jacob Covenhoven, and several other persons; killed - — • Pearce and - - Van Brockle, and wounded another man mortally. Having completed these and several other barbarities, they pre- cipitately returned the same morning to give an account of their abominable deeds to their bloody employers. A number of those gentry, we learn, were formerly inhabi- ijnits of that, neighbourhood.
On Monday morning, the 18th of May, to the unspeak- able regret of her friends and relations, died at Shrews- bury, in her 55th year, Mrs. Jane Arthur, widow, after a long and tedious decay of nature, which she suffered
NKW .IKRSKY IX THE KEVOLUTIOX. [177s
with exemplary patience and Christian resignation. — A liberal hospitality, and universal benevolence, were some of her principal characteristicks ; but her life was dis- tinguished by many other amiable virtues, which at once adorn'd her Christian profession, and endeared her to all her connections. — In the earliest stage of her disorder she frequently expressed a full apprehension of her approach- ing dissolution; and, accordingly, bidding adieu to all sublunary scenes, she prepared herself without the least apparent dismay to meet the king of terrors; resting all her hopes of eternal felicity on the mercy of God, in and through the merits of the great Redeemer of mankind.
On Thursday last General MAXWELL, with a second- detachment of continental troops, and a train of artillery, arrived here from Head-Quarters ; a third detachment is now upon their march for this place, to join a number of militia under the«command of General DICKINSON.
BRIGADE ORDERS to the CAVALRY.
THAT the cast horses belonging to the first, third and fourth regiments of light-dragoons be collected at Trenton, and sold by publick sale, on Monday, the 8th instant, at the market-place.
STEPHEN MOYLAX. Commandant of light-dragoons. Trenton, June 1, 1778.
STRAYED or stolen, out of the pasture about a mile from \r\v- Brunswick, New-Jersey, a dark bay HORSE, about 14 hands and an half high, black mane and tail, a blaze in his forehead, six years old this grass, three white feet, with a horse lock on his right fore foot, with three or four links of chain. Said horse will pace a slow travel, but generally trots or canters. Whoever takes up and secures s;iiil horse and thief, if stolen, so that the owner
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 239
may have him again, shall receive fifty dollars reward, and all reasonable charges ; if not stolen ten dollars re- ward, and all reasonable charges, paid by the .subscriber, living in New-Brunswick.
WILLIAM LAWSON. May 14.
TO BE SOLD,
A HOUSE and LOT in Princeton, next door to the Sign of the College. Any person inclining to purchase, may be made acquainted more particularly with a description of the premises, and also with the terms, by applying to Richard Stockton, Esq. or to the subscriber,
ANDREW HUNTER.
LOST in Philadelphia, before the British troops took possession thereof, a State Lottery Ticket. The sub- scriber's name and number of the ticket may be found in the records of said lottery. If the ticket should be so fortunate as to draw a prize, the managers of the same are requested not to pay any monies to any person on producing said ticket, and they will oblige their very humble servant,
ROBERT EASTBURN.
GRASS SCYTHES,
A few dozen of the best sort :
ALSO,
FISHING TACKLE, Of all sorts, to be sold Wholesale and Retail, by
EDWARD POLE, In BURLINGTON, NEW-JERSEY.
N. B. All orders by Post, with the cash, Post paid, will be immediately attended to.
240 NEW JERSEY IN THE KEVUl-TTK ).\. ! 177s
Wanted Immediately,
A Good-tempered, active GIRL, about, ten years old. Any person having such a one to bind out, may hear of a good place, where she will be well used, taught to read and write, and learned the Mantua-Making business if required, by applying to the Printer of this paper.
THE publick are hereby informed that a GRAM MAI: SCHOOL is opened at Raritan, in Somerset county, where decent accomodation for young gentlemen may be had at the moderate price of 301. per annum, particular attention will be given to instruct the youth in writing and reading the English language with propriety. The Faculty of -Queen's College having the care and direction of this school, will make it their particular business to attend to the education and conduct of the youth. Those gentlemen who shall chuse to send their sons to this school for in- struction, will apply to John Bogert, A.B. at said place.
Ramian, May 17, 1778.
To be sold, a valuable FARM, containing 108 Acres, one fourth of which is mowing ground, and a deal more can readily be made, and the remainder in great measure pasture, pleasantly situated in a village of great resort, and excellent situation for business, called Chatham, in Morris county, Xew-Jersey ; which farm is an excellent one for a grazier, is well watered, has thereon a large barn, and sheds for cattle, and a pretty spot on which a dwelling-house might be built, commanding a fine pros- pect. The land is in good fence, and contains an apple orchard in its prime, capable of producing a large quan- tity of cyder. The dwelling-house, which is a good one, with a store-house and new chair-house and stable, and two acres of land adjoining, will also be sold, if the pur- chaser chuses; to whom possession will be given almost
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 241
immediately, if required. Farther particulars, and the conditions, may be known by applying to JOHN HUNT, the proprietor on the premises.
WAS taken up and delivered to the Gaoler at this place, a negro man named Sambo; about five feet ten inches high and well set; says he belongs to Joseph M'Culloh, living at Great Egg-Harbour. The owner is desired to come, pay charges and take him away, otherwise he Avill be sold for the same.
JOHN" OSBORN, Gaoler.
Trenton, June 1, 1778. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 27, June 3, 1778.
New- York, June 8. The Ship Alfred, Capt, Boltonr arrived here last Saturday from London, but last from Turkey, which Place she left the 25th of March, came out a single Ship, but has brought no later Papers than what we have already had. Last Wednesday, off Barnegat, she fell in with two Rebel Privateer Brigs, but neither of them thought proper to engage her, when she stood on her Course.
We hear the Indians are beginning to be troublesome to the Inhabitants on the Frontiers of New-Jersey and this Province.
A few Days since a Vessel from Cork for this Port, was taken by Captain Anderson, in an armed Boat and carried into Tom's River, New Jersey. — New-York Ga- zette and Weekly Mercury, June 8, 1778.
FRIENDLY HINTS TO SUBJECTS, OR THOSE UNDER AUTHORITY.
GOVERNMENT is undoubtedly instituted for the good of the people. And among the vast variety of forms which take place in the world, that government is best by which the greatest happiness of the people, in consistency with the greatest liberty, is promoted. The greatest happiness of a people is protection in their persons and property, and the free enjoyment of the greatest number of privileges consistent with
16
M:\V .IKK-SKY ix THE KKVtH.rrio.x. [1"'^
the comfortable existence of society. This latter is real liberty. n'~. The free enjoyment of the most privileges possible, consistent with a state of society.
Man is a sociable creature : and better be under the worst kind of government, better be in the most absolute slavery, than in a state of entire solitude; but better not to have existed at all. than to live in either of those circumstances. — Anclmritc* and H<nnitx may say what they will, but mankind cannot continue to exist without society, or without government : Yea these enemies of human felicity ever found some social connection necessary to their own wretched existence.
As I think proper, through the channel of this useful Gazette to give, with all deference and respect, some hints to those in authority, so I shall with freedom make some observations for the use of my fellow-citizens that are under it.
I. As liberty, liberty! has been the great cry for some years, I wish all to understand wherein it really consists. Libert u is indeed the greatest possible earthly blessing men can enjoy. It implies in it every temporal good. Too much cannot be said in its praises. The climax of culogium cannot transcend the trutn. The boldest pencil cannot equal, nor the finest flatter, the original. Yet remember liberty is as really different from licentiousness as it is from slavery : and licentiousness is evei* endeavouring to worm out the former, that it may introduce the latter. It is like hypocrisy : this is the semblance of religion, and that of liberty : and however specious both are in their first appearances and high pretences, they will not bear the touchstone of examination, and are equally pernicious and destructive where-ever they are indulged and prevail. A true religion, when it has favoured any part of mankind, is first corrupted by hypocrisy, and then entirely subverted by flagitious iniquity : So liberty is generally first corrupted by licentiousness, and then totally extermi- nated by slavery. As we abhor the latter, let us carefully watch against its delusive, inchanting and diabolical forerunner — And for this purpose, let us consider wherein real liberty consists, and faith- fully adhere to it, and pro aris ct focis contend for it. What some whimsical philosophers have termed natural liberty or absolute free- dom, is a mere chimera. There is no such thing, nor possibly can be. For by natural or absolute freedom every man has a right to every thing; but common property is a solecism, and destroys the very idea of property. And to suppose that absolute liberty gives every man a right to enjoy whatever he can acquire by power, is leaying neither right nor liberty in the world only to the Sampson, who happens to be the strongest. Wherefore what involves such glaring absurdities is never worth supposing, much less wasting time to reason about it. — But "true civil liberty consists in a people's making their own laws, and creating their own magistrates, by representatives freely and frequently chosen from among and by themselves, and living in due obedience, homage and respect to this their own authority." I defy the universe to produce a more perfect idea of liberty than this.— This is the purest, this is the highest liberty that can take place in any nation or community. Here the people chuse a body of rep-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 243
resentatives freely, without compulsion or undue influence ; and frcijiicntlu, that is a wise and rational frequency, such as may not be burdensome to the electors, nor allow time to intoxicate with power the elected. And the most perfect period yet devised for elections is once every year. These representatives being the creatures of the people, ever accountable to. and may be displaced and disgraced by them, cannot but intend and aim at the highest interest of the com- munity in all the laws they make : Therefore the laws must be the most disinterested and best. It is true these representatives, however wise and good, are liable to mistake : and hence may sometimes enact laws, which upon trial, are not for the happiness of the society ; but as soon as experience and decent remonstrances and petitions discover the fact, they will immediately rescind or alter the same. If they do not. the people are to reject such legislators as traitors, and elect more faithful and honest in their places. These representatives are also to create magistrates or executors of the laws, and these, allowing for human imperfection, will always be the wisest and best men in the community. Now, can there be greater liberty than in living in such a state, than living in obedience to such laws, and conducting with all lespect to such majesty and authority? This is your felicity, my fellow-citizen — You live in the freest government possible — You enjoy the purest, the highest liberty. Wherefore do nothing thro' ignorance, caprice, perverseness or injustice that may stain the beauty, or di- minish the glory of this fabric. Let it be your constant endeavour to comfort and support your honourable representatives in their laborious business, and strengthen the hands of your magistrates, and all in executive- authority, consider the laws are made by yourselves, the executors of the laws are chosen by and from among yourselves. Both the laws and administration are strictly and intimately your own. Therefore, to be carping at, and abusing with gross epithets such rulers, to be slandering and traducing the magistrates, to be finding fault with and striving to evade the laws, argue understandings too weak, and hearts too wicked for the enjoyment of liberty. Such wretches are like the devils who despised the liberty of heaven, and preferred the chains of eternal darkness : So these chuse the clanking chains of slavery, and prefer the galling yoke of bondage to the fair inheritance of precious freedom. Allow me to entreat you, my fellow- citizens, to beware that none of you be so lost to reason and humanity, as to be found among such a black, such a slavish herd. Recollect an ancient book, which I wish was more read by my countrymen, that paints in the most odious colours, "those presumptions, self-willed and filthy dreaming creatures who despise government, and speak evil of dignities."
II. Indulge me, my countrymen, while I beseech you not to be- grudge your rulers some small posts of profit, whereby they may do something, in common with others, for the advantage of their families. Remember your representatives and justices serve their country for MTV inadequate wages, to the no small detriment of their private affairs; and when there are any places a little lucrative, on whom can they be conferred with equal propriety as on them. And yet I
244 NEW JERSEY I1ST THE REVOLUTION. D~~v
have heard some murmuring and grumbling, "that the representatives shared places of profit among themselves, and if there was any lucra- tive post it was sure to be bestowed upon some officer of the state."— But let subjects be fair and just, while they cry out for justice and impartiality in their rulers. It is not true, by any means, that our representatives monopolize all the profitable posts ; and do, for the sake of propriety, allow them who serve the publick for almost nothing, an equal share of those places. One thing I have remarked, that persons who do the least for the publick service, are generally finding the most fault in the chimney-corner with their representatives, their magistrates, the laws and administration. They are begrudging the faithful and generous patriot every place of profit and honour, and waste their time in slandering, reproaching and doing mischief, he- cause that they, mean souls, who never did a noble and disinterested action in their lives, do not receive all preferment and emolument. — Consider, my countrymen, that as our rulers receive by no means a sufficient reward for their service, that as they spend their time and money and serve their country for what is next to nothing, it is but reasonable, proper and fit that they should share more profitable places among them than they do. They are the wisest and best men in the community : This we must acknowledge, or suppose ourselves fools for chusing them. Afld if they were not our representatives, we would look upon them the proper persons for those honourable posts. Shall we then, because their patriotic zeal disposes them to serve their country to their own private damage, be found begrudging them a few of those places? Yea, let us rather encourage them, by assuring them it is their duty, and it will give pleasure to their constituents, that they should take a larger share of them.
Perhaps some may think the writer of this is a ruler or connected with those in authority. But be assured he is not. I never had any post of honour myself, nor do I ever expect any. I never had any relative or friend in office, either in the old government or the new. I am an old obscure exempt, to whom propriety has left no other \vay of fanning the precious patriotic fire, but by friendly advice to rulers and ruled, with this feeble though well-intended pen.
III. There are three sorts of people among us. my fellow citizens, that should be observed with a watchful eye, and with great caution elected to, or honoured with, any places of trust or profit. The first is the tones, who have always been inimical, and evidently with the English plunderers in heart and affection, not only those who have fled their country and openly joined the enemy ; hut also the baser sort, (if possible) who have stayed at home, and have no other attachment to their country but the slender obligation of a state-oath, which they took against the grain, merely to save their property. — The second sort are those who took, what was called, protection, when the enemy invaded our State; especially those who were not in the enemy's hands, but went from a distance to surrender, like unprincipled villains, their plighted faith their honour, their amor patrin\ or the love of their country, and to crave protectio-n and sell themselves and posterity for slaves. These are a company of such weak, timid.
1 7 i 8] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 245
covetous, selfish, cowardly, unprincipled and every way mean spirited wretches, that they are absolutely unfit to be trusted with any place in government. They will surely sell their country and their honour in the day of trial, when they judge it will subserve their interest. — The third sort are those who have refused commissions under the state. They apprehended, if they accepted commissions, they would hereby render themselves obnoxious to the enemy ; therefore, come of justice and their country what would, they determined to act in the line of personal safety.
Many of all these classes I know will be ambitious of and thirsting after commissions, when peace is established ; yet not a man of them ever ought to have it in his power to fefuse or embrace the honours of his county again. They have evidenced themselves too much of the poltroon species to be trusted.
IV. Ever remember the brave, the faithful and active friends of the country ; those who dared openly to espouse its cause in the worst of times ; who nobly abandoned their houses, forsook their families and their all, and rushed into the field of danger, and gloriously re- pelled the foe. These are men that have been tried ; they have proved themselves friends to their country ; — in them we may safely and fully confide. Wherefore, let us ever aim to reward those men with respect and honour. As they have done great honour to their country, let their country ever honour them with legislative and executive power.
AN ELECTOR.
TRENTON, JUNE 10.
His Excellency the Governor has appointed the Supreme Court of this State to be held for the future at Hills- borough (commonly called Millstone) in Somerset county, of the usual Terms.
His Excellency has been pleased to appoint the Hon. JOHN IMLAY, Esq. Judge of the Court of Admiralty for this State.
Extract of a letter from camp at the Valley Forge, dated June 5, 1778.
"The last accounts from Philadelphia are, that the trans- ports with the baggage have fallen down the river — that they have begun to destroy some of their out-works — that they have broken off the trunnions of the heavy cannon which are not put on board — and that the whole army is ordered to be in readiness to march at a minute's warning."
-4f) \K\V .IKKSKY I.\ TIIK K K Vo I.CTK >.\ . [177S
K.rtract of another Idler from /lie same place? June 6, 1778.
"I have just returned from the enemy's lines, where I learnt, that they were actually destroying their works — that all the ships, except the Vigilant and four transport ships, and as many smaller vessels, were fell down — that the eight remaining were ordered to drop down as last night — that a number of boats mounted on carriages, and a body of sailors to attend them, were at Cooper's ferry, which boats were to transport the enemy across the creeks in Jersey, in case the bridges should be taken up or de- stroyed.— The prisoners in Philadelphia will be exchanged in a few days, when the enemy will probably move off immediately. — They have knock'd the trunnions off the iron cannon in tWte city, and drove the broken pieces in the muzzles."
From good authority we learn that the enemy have, during a fortnight past, impressed a great number of waggons and horses, belonging to the farmers near their lines in Pennsylvania, for the purpose of conveying part of their baggage through this state to New- York, to which place a movement is daily expected.
Extract of a letter from- Elizabeth-Town, June 6.
"Last night Capt. Nathaniel Fitz Randolph of Wood- bridge, with a party of 15 volunteers, landed on Staten- Island, surprized and made prisoners 13 of the militia of the island who were on guard ; also Col. Christopher Billop Farmer, Lieut. Daniel Winants, and one more not on duty ; without firing a musket, or any accident happening to him or his party. It ought to be mentioned in commen-
1 Valley Forge.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 247
dation of this worthy officer and his brave followers, that altho' the law of retaliation would have justified their marking their route with devastation and ruin, they were careful not to do the least injury to any peaceable In- habitant— But O ye destructive, butchering, British mon- sters, beware ! - - we are not obliged to delay retaliation any longer ! - - therefore, as you value the safety of your friends on the island, do not set such another example as that at Middletown, for the consequences may be fatal to the tories on the island, in spite of all your efforts to protect them !"
WAS taken up, the 19th of May, at New-Brunswick, a black G.ELDTXG with a star in his forehead, one white hind foot and one white fore foot, branded on his left thigh H S, about 14 hands high, three years old, and trots altogether. He is supposed to be a stolen horse. Any person proving his property and paying charges, may take him away.
JOHN VOORHEES.
June 1, 1778.
STRAYED or STOLEN, from the subscriber, on the 16th of this instant, a brown MARE, about thirteen hands and an half high, eight years old, has no artificial mark, but her natural mark is one hind foot of a grey colour, a natural trotter, and her sides are worn with the gears. Whoever takes up the said mare as a stray, or from the thief, shall receive a reasonable reward, besides all charges, from
DANIEL LAMBERT.
Westfield, May 17, 1778.
NEW JERSEY IX TIIK KKVt ) LTTIOX . [1773
FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN last night, out of the subscriber's pasture, a large sorrel HORSE, about 15 hands high, a natural trotter, but paces a small travel, hind feet white and high up his legs, some white on his fore feet, a white strip down his forehead, 6 years old this summer. Also a dark brown MAKE, about 13 hands high, low carriage, a natural pacer, has a large star in her forehead, a small white strip on her nose, about 5 years old last spring. Whoever takes up said horse and mare, and brings them to the subscriber, shall have Fifteen Dollars for each, and reasonable charges, with Twenty Dollars for securing the thief.
JOHAXNA COMPTOX.
Woodbridge, June 5, 1778. .
A RED leather- Memorandum Book was lost between Burlington and Trenton, of no value to any body but the owner. Any person who has found the same, and will deliver it to Mr. Isaac Collins, at Trenton, or Major Hoagland, at Bordentown, shall be handsomely rewarded.
STOLEN out of the stable of the subscriber, at Baptist- Town, the night of the 5th inst. (June) a bay STALLION, about 14 hands high, well made, and in good order ; paces, trots and canters, and carries well, with two white feet, one the near hind foot, the other the* off fore foot. Who- ever takes up the said horse and thief, so that the man be brought to justice and owner have his horse, shall receive a reward of One Hundred and Fifty Dollars, or One Hundred Dollars for the horse only, and all reasonable charges, paid by
WILLIAM M'CONKEY.
June 9, 1778.
To BE SOLD, wholesale and retail, by the subscriber at Hights-Town, a quantity of fine wool and cotton cards;
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 249
linens ; handkerchiefs of various sorts ; good tea and sugar ; French indigo of the best quality; pins; earthen ware of various kinds; snuff and tobacco; ribbons; men's silk jackets and breeches patterns; women's fans; buttons, mohair, silk and fine threads.
WILLIAM SLOANE.
June 9, 1778.
TWEXTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or STOLEN from the subscriber, living at South River, a brown pacing MARE, six years old, marked T X on her near shoulder, some white on one of her hind fetlocks. Whoever takes up said mare, so that the owner may have her again, or leaves her with Mr. James Drake, keeper of the ferry in l^ew-Brunswick, shall have the above reward and all reasonable charges, paid by me
WILLIAM HALFPENNY.
May 21, 1778.
To BE SOLD, an excellent chair HORSE: He is some- thing in years, but the price will be in proportion; he will perform a journey almost equal to any, and is so gentle that a woman or any person may drive him with great safety, that understands guiding a horse.
Also to be sold a likely young NEGRO WENCH, for no fault. Enquire of Benjamin Smith, saddler, in Trenton.
June 10, 1778.
ALL persons that have any demands against the estate of Fulkert Vannordstrand, late of Three Mile Run, in the county of Somerset, deceased, are desired to bring them in, that they may be settled; and those indebted are de- sired to make immediate payment to us, of said place, JACOB WICOFF and
June 2, 1778.
> Executors. ADRIAN VANNORDSTRAND, j
250 M:\V .i HUSKY ix THE REVOLUTION. [1778
WANTED immediately, a middle aged Woman, who can be well recommended, to attend children in a small family. Enquire of the Printer hereof.
June 8, 1778.
To BE SOLD, a FARM, on the road that leads from New- Brunswick to Spottswood, about 4 miles and a half from New-Brunswick, containing about 3G5 acres : 95 of it may be made meadow at a little expence, the remainder chiefly wood-land ; a good orchard ; it is well watered, and has a fine spring at the house. Apply to Mr. John Plum at New-Brunswick, or Mr. Samuel Vanhorne at Chath.am.
June 8, 177>.
To all whom it may concern :
New-Jersey, ss. • Notice is hereby given, that a Court of Admiralty will be held at the house of Gilbert, Barton, in Allentown, on Monday the thirteenth day of July next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, then and there to try the truth of the facts alleged in the bills of Joseph Wade (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Duck, and the sloop or vessel called the Betsy — of Zephaniah Stillman (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Bachelor — of Peter Anderson (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Hazard — of Abraham Boys (who as well, &c.) against, the sloop or vessel called the Sally — of Timothy Shaler (who as well, &c. ) against the sloop or vessel called the Dispatch, and the brigantine or vessel called the Industry — and of John Brooks (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Canaster; with their respective tackle, apparel, furniture and cargoes : To the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said vessels respectively, or any person or persons concerned therein, may appear and shc\v cause, if any they have, why the said vessels and their
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 251
respective cargoes should not be condemned according to the prayer of the said bills.
By order of the Judge,
BOWES 'REED, Pro. Reg. June 6, 1778.
CAME to my plantation where Isaac Furman now lives, near New-Brunswick, a black HORSE, about thirteen and a half hands high, branded on the shoulder P B, and on the near thigh I C ; and has a short switch tail. The owner, by proving his property, and paying charges, may have him again.
June 4th, 1778.
A NEGRO MAN to be sold at Pitts-Town. He has been bred to plantation work ; is short, thick, strong and healthy, about 30 years old, and able to do as much work as most men. The price is Six Hundred Dollars.
MOORE FURMAN.
June 8, 1778.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED out of a pasture at Mount-Holly last night, a dark coloured HORSE, about 14 hands and a half high, six years old, paces mostly, is high oouraged and very gay when mounted, is new shod before and his hind shoes new set, has a swelling in the upper joint of his right hind leg, his hind feet white, his mane braded and the ends tied with white thread, has some scars of a saddle bile on the left side of his back. Any person that delivers said horse to the subscriber, or to any officer in General Maxwell's brigade, so that the owner gets him, shall be paid the above reward ; and if taken up at any distance, be allowed reasonable expences.
JOHN CONWAY, Major 4th Jer. Regt.
Mount-Holly, June 5, 1778.
252 M:\V JERSEY ix THE REVOLI TK>.\. [1778
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or STOLEN, out of the stable of Mr. Samuel Henry, in Trenton, in the month of September last, a four year old bay MARE, fourteen hands high ; she has a small star intermixed with bay hairs, hollow buttocks, is a natural pacer and of high spirit. Any person on de>- livering the thief and mare (if stolen) to the above Mr. Samuel Henry, or to the subscriber at Pitts-Town, shall have the above reward; or for the mare only, Eight Dol- lars, and all reasonable charges.
JAMES HANNA.
Trenton., June 9th, 1778.
CAME to Henry Mershon's, in Maidenhead, Hunterdon County, about the •first of May, a small brown HORSE, about thirteen hands high, is a natural pacer, has a low carriage with his head, his mane cut on the near side. The owner is desired to prove his property, pay charges, and take him away.
June 10, 1778.
WANTED immediately, a journeyman TAYLOR that under- stands the business, and of a good character. Such a one will meet with good encouragement, by applying to the Widow Hazard's, inn-keeper, at the sign of the Unicorn, in New-Brunswick.
June 6, 1778.
IF Thomas Williams, who was inlisted in the Delaware Regiment, and taken by the English at the battle of Brandywine, and since followed weaving at John Van- horii's; by coming there may see his wife, Hannah Wil- liams. She desires that all persons who see this advertise- ment, and do know him, be kind enough to give him information.
June 10, 1778. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 28, June 10, 1778.
1778] NEWsr.XPKR EXTRACTS. 253
v-York, June 15. The Rebels were down at East- Chester last Week, and carried off Prisoner from thence, Mr. Isaac Butler, they also made an Attempt on the Picquet Guard on Staten-Island last Tuesday Night, but were beat off, the Particulars of which are as follow, viz.
About One o'clock the Rebels began a heavy Cannonade from their Works at Elizabeth-Town Point, and soon after attempted to land, in a Number of Flat Boats, upon Staten-Island, between the Blazing-Star and Burnt-Island, but finding the Provincial Troops stationed at that Place, were alarmed, and prepared to give them, a proper Re- ception, they returned to the Jersey Shore, and remained quiet till about four o'clock the same morning, when they again made their Appearance in ten Boats, each supposed to contain 100 Men, and attempted to land at the same Place, under Cover of the Fire from their Batteries, and a continued Discharge of Small Arms from the Boats; but they were so vigorously opposed by Gen. Skinner's Brigade, that they were obliged to make a final and dis- graceful Retreat. In the Interim the Corps of Royal Artillery, posted at the Redoubts betwixt Ryerson and Cole's Ferry, were in Motion, and proceeding to the Part of the Island alarmed, by the Road to Decker's-Ferry, with two Six Pounders : The Troops at the different Posts on the Island, were also under Anns, and much disap- pointed, when Orders from Gen. Campbell, to return to their Cantonments, were brought by the Light Horse.
There are now at Cranberry Inlet, in New-Jersey, three Gallies from New-London, of 4 Guns each, that have taken several Vessels, among them a Schooner from Cork with Provisions, and a Vessel from the West-Indies, with Rum and Sugar.
About 11 o'Clock last Saturday Evening a Party of about 20 Rebels, supposed to have come from Amboy, car- ried off from Flatbush, on Long-Island, Major MONCRIEF, and Mr. THEOPHYI,ACTE BACHE, of this Place.
The same Party attempted to break into the House of
254 XEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
DAVID MATTIIKWS, Esq. our Major, in order to carry him off likewise ; but as they did not get in as fast as they expected, and an old Negro firing a Gun, they thought proper to decamp, taking with them two or three Relx-l Officers. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury. -I un<< 15, 1778.
Mr. COLLINS,
I have seen a piece somewhat resembling a mendicant brief, in your last, signed an Elector, who, I cannot help thinking, is either already a Representative or expects to become one at the next election, or at least hopes for the honour and profit of being made a Justice of the Peace. — The hungry zeal the author displays for promotion to places of profit, has caused him to neglect the constitution and even common sense, in the course of his ratiocination. — He says "indulge me. my "countrymen, while I beseech you not to begrudge your rulers some "small posts of profit whereby they may do something in common with "others, for the advantage of their families. Remember your /•</>/•< - "sentatives and justices serve their country for very inadequate wages; "and when there are afly places a little lucrative, on whom can they "be conferred with equal propriety as on them" — He should have said, on themselves.
Poor ignorant ! Methinks I hear one of those mendicants asking charity through the iron grates of a prison — but what surprizes me is, that the man should dare, in publick, to propose so base and so dan- gerous a thing as that the representatives should monopolize the offices of profit, and so usurp the power of the executive, and by this means throw the legislative and executive into the same hands, which ought ever to be kept distinct — These must be kept separate, or else there is no liberty here.
The gentle reader too is treated with a bit of Latin, which the writer has slipped upon us very cleverly — He says, "let us consider wherein "real liberty consists, and faithfully adhere to it, and pro aritt ct focis "contend for it."
Pro aris et focis!
What sad nonsense is this —
The real meaning is,
Altars and fire-places.
But to inform the author in prose the literal translation of "pro aris ft focis" is for our altars and fire-places, which is a metaphorical ex- pression, signifying our religious and civil liberties. But from the manner I cannot help thinking the gentleman, by pro aris et focis, nueant sword, gun, and blunderbuss : which are, to be sure, very good weapons, and I hope will be effectually used by my brave fellow-citizens and countrymen in this best of causes.
A WIIHJ.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 255
TREXTOX, June 17.
William Marriner, a volunteer, with eleven men, and Lieut. John Schanck, of our militia, went last Saturday evening from Middletown Point to Long-Island, in order to take a few prisoners from Flatbush ; and returned with Major Montcrieffe and Mr. Theophilus Bache, (the wor- shipful Mayor and Tormentor General, David Matthews, Esq. who has inflicted on our prisoners the most unheard- of cruelties, and who was the principal object of the ex- pedition, being unfortunately in the city) with four slaves, and brought them to Princeton, to be delivered to his Excellency the Governor. — Mr. Marriner with his party left Middletown Point on Saturday evening, and returned at six o'clock next morning, having travelled by land and water above fifty miles, and behaved with the greatest bravery and prudence.
We have undoubted intelligence that on Saturday last the enemy in Philadelphia burnt all the vessels on the stocks — and that the greater part of the British army are now at Cooper's ferry, under marching orders, from whence a movement thro' this State to Amboy, is expected to take place in the course of a few hours. The whole militia of this state are in readiness to march at a mo- ment's warning.
We are informed that several deserters from the enemy on Staten-Island have lately come from thence to Wood- bridge and Elizabeth-Town. — The new levies have changed their green coats for red ones, and Mr. Skinners poor deluded followers begin now to see that this is but a prelude to their being drafted to fill up the British regi- ments.
Last Friday morning, says a correspondent, Brigadier- General Winds, with about 40 militia stationed at Eliza- beth-Town, went to Amboy, and there so roughly saluted an armed brig belonging to his most pacific majesty, which
256 NEW JEKSEY IN THE REVOLTTIOX. [1778
lay between the church in Amboy and Col. Billop's house on Staten-Island, and had for three or four days been a terror to the well-affected inhabitants about Woodbridge and Amboy, as to make her slip her cables and make off in which she was greatly favoured by a fair breeze of wind, or she must probably either struck or ran on shore. Our shot made great havoc among her rigging, and did considerable damage to her hull, and there is great reason to believe, did some execution among her men.
BY HIS EXCELLENCY
WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, Esq.
Governor, Captain-General, and Commander in Chief in and over the State of New-Jersey, and the temtories thereunto belonging, Chancellor and Ordinary in the same :
WHEREAS, by an Act of the Legislature of this State, intitled, An Act for the regulating, training and arraying the militia, passed at Princeton the fourteenth day of April last, it is among other things enacted, that the militia of this State shall be divided into two brigades, as follows, to wit, The militia of the counties of Middlesex, Somerset, Essex, Bergen, Morris and Sussex shall form one brigade; and the militia of the counties of Hunterdon, Burlington, Monmouth, Glou- cester, Salem, Cumberland and Cape-May, shall form the other brigade. And whereas it is become necessary, in pursuance of the said act, to make a new arrangment in the present brigades of this State : It is his Excellency's order that General Wind's brigade consist of the said six counties first enumerated, to wit, Middlesex, Somerset, Essex, Ber- gen, Morris and Sussex ; and that the militia of the counties of Hun- terdon, Burlington, Monmouth, Gloucester. Salem, Cumberland and Cape-May, compose the brigade of General Heard ; of which all the officers and privates of the militia of this State are directed to take notice, and to govern themselves accordingly. And the said Brigadiers General are, with all convenient speed, to make a return of their re- spective brigades to the Commander in Chief of this State, and of their arms, accoutrements and ammunition ; And in such returns particularly to specify the persons in their respective brigades, who have procured, or pretend to have procured substitutes in any of the -Jersey regiments in the continental service, with the names of
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 257
such substitutes, and the time when, place where, and the officers by
whom such substitutes are said to have been inlisted.
Given under my hand at Princeton, the 12th day of June, in the year of our Lord, one thousand seven hundred and seventy- eight.
By his Excellency's command, i WIL. LIVINGSTON.
William Livingston, jun. D. Sec. j
TO BE SOLD, By PUBLIC VENDUE,
ON Saturday the twentieth instant, at the house of Col. Richard Westcoat,1 at the forks of Little Egg-Har- bour, 8000 LIMES, 1200 PINE-APPLES, and 15 very large
TURTLE.
June 16.
WAS taken up by the subscriber, living in Bedminster township, county of Somerset, -a NEGRO MAN about 25 years of age, five feet seven inches high ; had on a thick- set coat, striped linen jacket, sailor's trowsers and thread stockings. He goes by the name of Ben, but says he was formerly called Harry. Said Negro was taken up at Hacket's town ; the owner is desired to apply, prove his property, pay charges, and take him away.
?HILIP BRIGHT.
May 29, 1778.
STOLEN out of the stable of Humphrey Spinning, near Elizabeth-Town, march 25th, a dark brown HORSE, 6 years old, trots and paces, middling low carriage, about 13 hands and 3 inches high, both his hind feet white, and a small star in his forehead, and some white hairs on his shoulders. Whoever takes up said horse, and returns him to the owner shall have TEN POUNDS reward and all reasonable charges, paid by me
HUMPHRY SPINNING.
June 13, 1778.
1 Resigned from the army March 31st, 1778.
17
258 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
WAS taken up by the subscriber, living in New Ger- mantown, a grey HORSE, having neither mark nor brand, is about 13 or 14 hands high, and seven years old. Who- ever proves their property and pays charges, may have ,said horse by applying to
JONATHAN TOMS.
May 24, 1778.
To all whom it may concern:
New-Jersey ss. NOTICE is hereby given, that a court of Admiralty will be held at the house of Gilbert Barton, in Allentown, on Monday the 13th of July next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, then and there to try the truth of the facts alledged in the bill of John Brooks, (who as well, &c. ) againsf the brigantine or vessel called the Caro- lina Packet, with her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo ; to the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said vessel, or any person or persons concerned therein, may appear and shew cause, why the said vessel and her cargo should not be condemned, according to the prayer of the said bill.
By order of the Judge,
• BOWES REED, Pl'O. Reg.
• June 9, 1778.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
DESERTED from a party of Col. John Munsen's1 men near Somerset Court-House, on their way from Morris county to Princeton, two Irish men; one calls himself Andrew Connard, about 25 years of age, five feet eight inches high, well set, apt to take a large drink, and often
1 Lieutenant-Colonel in Martin's Battalion, Heard's Brigade. June 14th, 1776. Munsen became Colonel of the Western Battalion, Morris county, May 15th, 1777.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 259
uses those words; has a light complexion, a watch in his pocket, and nankeen breeches on or with him. The other a small fellow, about 22 years old, five feet high, much pock-marked, has curl'd hair and a down look ; calls him- self John Tinny, but it is probable they may change their names. Whoever takes up and secures said men, so that they may be sent to camp, at Mount-Holly, shall receive the above reward, or Ten Dollars for either of them.
SAMUEL SAYRE,1 Major.
June 10.
Wanted immediately,
A lumber of good TRADESMEN, that are single, such as Carpenters, Smiths of all branches, Armourers, Gun-stockers or Wheelwrights. Any of the above Trades- men that are willing to serve themselves and country, shall by applying to Capt. Wylie, at the grand continental works at Carlisle, receive Twenty Dollars bounty, Thirty Dollars each man per month pay, one suit of clothes per year, and a ration and a half each man per day, and good quarters.
THOMAS WYLIE, Capt. Art. Artific.
June 6, 1778.
To all whom it may concern.
New-Jersey, ss. NOTICE is hereby given, that a Court of Admiralty will be held at the house of Gilbert Barton, in Allentown, on Tuesday, the fourteenth day of July next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, then and there to try the truth of the facts alledged in the bill of John
1 Western Battalion of Morris county, May 15th, 1777. His name is also written Sears.
260 NEW JERSEY IN TIIK K KYOM'TIO.X . [1778
Brook (who as well, &c.) against the brigantine or vessel called the Prince Frederick, lately commanded by Wil- liam Sawyer, with her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo: To the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said vessel, or any person or persons concerned therein, may appear and shew cause, if any they 'have, why the said vessel and her cargo should not be condemned according to the prayer of the said bill. By order of the Judge,
BOWES REED, Pro. Keg. June 14, 1778.
RAN-AWAY from the subscriber, living in Springfield township, Burlington county, a servant lad, named Jona- than Shoars., about 18 years of age, about five feet eight inches high, of a fresh complexion, light coloured straight hair, a very large»nose, stoops in walking, and something knock need; had on and took with him two homespun linen shirts, two pair of trousers,, one pair of leather breeches, two striped woolen jackets, one with sleeves, one pair of stockings black and white, no shoes, a good castor hat. The said lad went off the 31st of May last. Whoever takes up said lad, and brings him to the sub- scriber, or confines him in gaol, so that his master may have him again, shall receive a reward of Two Dollars, from
HENRY LISHMAN.
June 2, 1778.
RAN AWAY from the subscriber, living in Kingwood, Hunterdon county, on Tuesday the 9th of this instant, a NEGRO MAN, named JEM, of middle stature, and marked with the small-pox ; had on when he went away an old flannel waistcoat, striped flannel shirt, a pair of cloth trowsers or over-alls, and old shoes, but may have changed his dress, as he also took with him a new livery homespun cloth coat of a drab colour, sleeves and collar turned up
1 t 78] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 261
with scarlet cloth, a nankeen vestcoat, old leather breeches, two white shirts, one a new homespun, the other old Hol- land and a beaver hat smartly cocked. Whoever secures said Negro fellow, so that his master may have him again, shall receive Forty Dollars reward and reasonable charges paid by
CHARLES COXE. June 14, 1778.
WAS STOLEN out of the house of the subscriber, living in Pennington, Hunterdon county, New-Jersey, on the evening of the llth instant, a silver faced WATCH, with red figures and strokes where it is commonly black, the maker's name David Hubard, London, on the face of the watch done also with red, the number forgot. Whoever apprehends the thief and secures the watch, so that the owner may have it again, shall have Sixteen Dollars reward, or Thirty Dollars for the watch arid thief, paid by me
GEORGE ANTHONY.
x. B. All watch makers are requested to stop said watch if offered to them to disguise or for sale. June 15, 1778.
EIGHTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN out of the pasture of the subscriber, in Trenton township, on the night of the 12th inst, a bay MARE, about 14 hands high, four years old, has a small but dim blaze in her face, the inside of one hind foot white, trots and canters well. Likewise was taken from a pasture near the same place, a black HORSK, six years old, about 14 hands three inches high, with a bald face, a long tail, and one hind foot white, trots and canters well also, shod all round, he has some saddle-marks that are not yet quite
262 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
well. Any person taking up and securing said mare and horse with the thief or thieves, shall have the above re- ward, or Sixteen Dollars for each of the creatures only, and all reasonable charges if brought home, will be paid by
JOHN READER, Or
SOLOMON M'NAVI. June 15, 1778. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 29, June 17, 1778.
TO BE SOLD
Several tracts of valuable LAND, one lying situate at the head of Musconetcung river, in New Jersey, about thirty-five miles from Elizabeth Town and four from Suckasunney Plains, containing about three thousand acres, having on it a large forge with four fires and two hammers, a grist mill and saw mill on one of the best streams in America, with eighty acres of choice meadow and many valuable buildings on the same, all in good order, which is now under lease for eight and a half tons of bar iron per annum ; it will be sold together or separate. Also another tract lying situate on the said river, known by the name of Squire's Point, about fifteen miles from Easton on the river Delaware, containing about one thou- sand eight hundred acres, having on it an old forge and very good grist mill, a dwelling-house and barn, all in good order. Also another tract lying situate about fifty miles from Esopus, containing about nine thousand acres. Also another tract lying situate on Otter Creek, choice good land, containing about four thousand acres. Also a large parcel of cattle, sheep, and hogs, and a large quantity of farming utensils too tedious to mention. Also a phaeton and pair of neat horses, chair and sulkey, a fine English stallion and several breeding mares. All those that have demands to bring in their accounts, and they will be adjusted ; and those that are indebted to me
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 263
either by bond, note, or book accounts, are requested to discharge the same immediately, as I intend to remove to West Florida, chief of my family being now there. Any person or persons by applying to the subscriber for any of the above articles of land, may purchase as they can agree for Continental money or credit, with giving bonds and good security, by
May 27, * GARRET RAPALJE
1778. living at Squire's Point.
—The Pennsylvania Packet, June Vlth, 1778.
The British army early last Thursday morning, com- pleted their evacuation of Philadelphia, having before transported their stores and most of their artillery into the Jersies, where they had thrown up some works, and several of their regiments were encamped. They manned the lines the preceding night, and retreating over the commons, crossed at Gloucester point. It is supposed they will endeavor to go to New York. A party of the American lighthorse pursued them very close, and took a great number of prisoners, some of whom were Refugees. —The Pennsylvania Evening Post, June 20, 1778.
New-York, June 22. The Militia of the Province of New- Jersey are divided into two Brigades as follows, viz., Sussex, Morris, Bergen, Essex, Somerset and Middlesex, to be commanded by General Wind ; and Salem, Cum- berland, Cape May, Gloucester, Monmouth, Hunterdon, and Burlington, under the Command of General Heard.
The Party that carried away Mr. Bache and Major Moncrieff, from Flatbush on Long-Island, as mentioned in our last, came from Middletown Point, in New-Jersey, in two Whale Boats, consisting of 11 Men, commanded by William Marriner, well known in this Place. They set out in the Evening and got home again by 6 o'clock next Morning.
iHJl NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
LKFT at Hoebuck-Eerry, some time since, a TRUNK, supposed to contain cloathing. Whoever has lost the same, may have it again, proving their prop- erty, and paying charges, by applying to HENRY DAWSON, living between the Fly-Market and Burling's-slip. — New- York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, June 22, 1778.
The last advices from the Jersies inform, that the American army was at Princetown, the British at Allen- town, and that the former had harrassed the latter greatly by detached parties.
There never was an instance of so much desertion in a British army, as what now prevails in the Jersies ; near five hundred have already come into Philadelphia since they left it, besides great numbers who go up the country. By accounts from them we learn that they have been much impeded an4 harrassed in their march, and have lost numbers of their grenadiers and light infantry.
Ran away from the subscriber, living in Newtown town- ship, East Jersey, an apprentice lad named BERNARD ROBERTS, about fourteen years of age, middle sized. He had on when he went away, an oznabrug shirt and trousers, and coarse hat about half worn. Whoever secures said lad, so that his master gets him again, shall have TWENTY SHILLINGS reward, by applying to William Heppard at the above place. June 22. — The Pennsyl- vania Evning Post, June 25, 1778.
New- York, June 29. The Royal Army under the Com- mand of Sir HENRY CLINTON, left Philadelphia the 18th Inst. and the 26th a Division of them was at a Place called the Cross-Roads in Monmouth County, about 22 Miles S. E. from South Amboy, the Center was at Cross- wicks, and the Rear at Allan's-Town, the two last men- tioned Places 5 Miles apart, and half way between Amboy and Philadelphia, a very plentiful Country.
177SJ NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 205
Three fourths of the Militia of New-Jersey are going to oppose -the Royal Army, by breaking up the Roads, &c.
The Prize Schooner which arrived here last Monday, wa> chased off Egg Harbour the preceding Evening by a Rebel Privateer.
Last Wednesday l^ight Capt. Randle, from Elizabeth- Town, came over to Staten-Island with a Party of about 14 Men, and fired upon some of the Militia that were on Guard, wounded Mr. Richard Connor in the Arm, and one Ashar Tappen in the Leg, but neither dangerously. The Militia pursued the Party, but they got into their Boat in a great Hurry, and made for the Jersey Shore with all Expedition.
We hear that a certain George Zabriskie \vas a few Days since shot on the Road near Paramus, in Xew-Jersey, by a Person unknown. The Day before he had been busy in pressing Waggons to carry the Grain from the Fann- ers in that ^Neighbourhood, agreeable to an Order of Congress. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, June 29, 1778.
Extract of a letter from his excellency gen. Washington to the hoii. gen. Arnold, in this city, dated Fields near Monmouth courthouse, June 29, 1778.
"I have the honor to inform you that about seven o'clock yesterday morning, both armies advanced on each other. About twelve they met on the grounds near Monmouth court-house, when an action commenced. We forced the enemy from the field, and encamped on the ground. They took a strong post in our front, secured on both flanks by morasses and thick woods, where they remained until alxnit twelve at night, and then retreated. I cannot at this time go into a detail of matters. When opportunity per- mits, I shall take the liberty of transmitting congress a more particular account of the proceedings of the day." — Tlic Pennsylvania Evening Post, June 30, 1778.
266 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. jlTTS
TRENTON, July i.1
His Excellency General Washington, having early in- telligence of the intended movement of the enemy from Philadelphia, detached a considerable body of troops under the command of Major-General Lee, in order to support Gen. Maxwell's Brigade of Continental troops already in this state, and the militia under Generals Dickinson and Heard. These troops were intended to harass the enemy on their march through this state to Amboy, and to retard them till General Washington, with the main body, could get up. In the mean time several small skir- mishes happened between the enemy and Gen. Maxwell's troops, joined by the militia, but without any consider- able execution on either side.
The march of tfee enemy being by this means impeded, and the main army having crossed the Delaware at Cory ell's ferry on the 20th and 21st ult. proceeded by the way of Hopewell, Rocky-Hill, Kingston and Cranberry, and on the 27th overtook the enemy at Monmouth Court- house, whither they retired from Allentown on the ap- proach of our troops, leaving their intended rout to Amboy.
It having been previously determined to attack the enemy on their march, a suitable disposition was made the same evening. General Lee, with a detachment of pick'd men consisting of about 1500, and reinforced by a strong body of Jersey militia, advanced to English- Town, (about 6 miles from Monmouth Courthouse) the militia then proceeded to the Meetinghouse; the main army under General Washington being about four miles
3 The other side of this paper having been printed off last week, previ- ous to the alarm, and thereby prevented from being completed, sufficiently accounts for the date of the title page. By the insertion of this notice, Isaac Collins, editor of the Gazette, explains one phase of the effect of the passage of the Anglo-Hessian army through the Jerseys. The Gazette for June 24th is numbered "30." The newspaper did not again appear until July 8th, No. 31. For this reason the Trenton date line is July 1st, under the head date line of June 24th.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 267
in the rear of English-Town. In this position the whole halted until advice could be received of the enemy's mo- tion.— At three o'clock on Sunday morning their first division, under General Kniphausen,1 began their march, of which we had intelligence in about two hours, when General Lee received orders to advance and begin the attack, the main army at the same time advancing to support him. About half a mile beyond the Courthouse General Lee began his attack, and drove the enemy for some time ; when they being reinforced, he was obliged to retreat in turn, till met by General Washington with the main army, which formed on the first advantageous ground — In the mean time two field-pieces, covered by two regiments of the detachment and commanded by Colonels Livingston and Stewart, were advanced to check the enemy's approach, which they performed with great spirit and with considerable loss on both sides. This ser- vice being performed, they retired with the pieces to the front line, then completely formed, when the severest cannonade began it is thought ever happened in America. In the mean time strong detachments marched and at- tacked the enemy with small arms, with various success. — The enemy were finally obliged to give way, and we took possession of the field, covered with dead and wounded. The intense heat of the weather, and the preceding fatigue of the troops, made it necessary to halt them to rest for some time. The enemy in the mean time presenting a front about one mile advanced beyond the seat of action. — As soon as the troops had recovered breath, General Washington ordered two brigades to advance upon each of their fianks, intending to move on in front at a proper time to support them, but before they could reach their destination night came on, and made any farther move- ments impracticable.
They left on the field the honourable Col. Monckton,
1 A Hessian commander, whose regiment had seen service in the battle of Trenton.
XKW JERSEY IX THE KETOI>UTIOX. [1778
with several other officers and a great number of privates, which cannot yet be ascertained with precision. — About 12 o'clock on Sunday night they moved off with great precipitation towards Middletown,' leaving at the Court- house five wounded officers and above forty privates.— They began the attack with their veteran grenadiers and light infantry, which renders their loss still more impor- tant.— On our side Lieut. Col. Bonner of Pennsylvania, and Major Dickinson of Virginia are slain — Col. Barber of this state is wounded by a musket-ball, which passed thro' the right of his body, but it is hoped will not prove mortal. Our troops behaved with the greatest bravery, and opposed the flower of the British army — Our artillery was well served, and~ did amazing execution. Before, during, and after the action, deserters came over in great numbers, and still continue so to do. Of the enemy's dead many have been £ound without any wound, but being heavily cloathed, they sunk under the heat and fatigue. We are well assured that the Hessians absolutely refused to engage, declaring it was too hot. Their line of march from the Courthouse wras strew'd with dead, with arms, knapsacks and accoutrements, which they dropt on their retreat. — They had the day before taken about fifteen prisoners, whom in their haste they left behind. Had we been possessed of a powerful body of cavalry in the field, there is no doubt the success would have been more com- pleat, but they had been so much employed in harassing the enemy during the march, and were so detached, as to give the enemy a great superiority in number, much to their advantage. Our success, under Heaven, is to be wholly ascribed to the good disposition made by his Ex- col lency, supported by the firmness and bravery of both officers and men, who were emulous to distinguish them- selves on this occasion. The great advance of the enemy on their way, their possession of the strong grounds at Middletown, added to the exhausted state of our troops, made an immediate pursuit ineligible ; and our army now
1778] XEWSPAPEK EXTHACTS. 269
remains about one mile advanced from the field of battle, having been since employed in collecting the dead and wounded, and burying the* former.
Thus (says a correspondent) the enemy have had two campaigns to march from New- York to Philadelphia, and back again, with the diminution of at least half their army. - - How much cheaper might his Britannic Majesty buy sheep and oxen in England, in the usual manner, than he now gets them, by employing an army to steal them in America !
The enemy, on their way through Burlington county, wantonly destroyed a very valuable merchant-mill near Bordentown, the iron-works at Mount-Holly, and the dwelling-houses, out-houses, &c. of Peter Tallman, Esq. and Col. Shreve.
Previous to the evacuation of Philadelphia, the enemy plundered the inhabitants of most of the waggons and horses in and near the city, and totally destroyed some and greatly injured many very valuable buildings, especi- ally such as were situated about the suburbs of the town and near the lines. A number of the active tory inhabi- tants, being conscious of their guilt, and dreading the vengeance of their countrymen, went off Avith the enemy.
Monday last twenty-seven British prisoners, chiefly grenadiers, who were taken by surprize Saturday last near Monmouth Courthouse, were brought to this town.1 The same day thirty-six more arrived at Princeton, part of those taken in the late engagement, and many more are on their way.
By the best accounts we have received, upwards of 500 of the British army, chiefly Hessians, have deserted and returned to Philadelphia since the enemy left that city; and a considerable number have come in to other places.
We hear that several British transports have been lately taken on their passage from Philadelphia to New- York, one of which had five refugee families, with their furni- ture, &c. on board.
1 Trenton.
270 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Extract of a letter from Elizabeth-Town, dated June
15, 1778.
''The following is an extract from Jemmy Rivington's royal, loyal, lying Gazette, of the 13th inst."
''Last Wednesday morning at two o'clock, three boats, "carrying about 150 rebels, attempting to land on Staten- "Island between the Blazing-star and Burnt-island, and "to surprize a post of the Royal Provincials, were dis- "covered, fired upon, and beat off. The troops on the "island immediately got under arms, which effectually "defeated their purpose."
"The truth is, that at the above-mentioned time three boats, carrying about 50 brave volunteers, did actually land on a point of meadow near two miles northeastward of the Burnt-isla»d, and consequently three or four miles from the place he says, from whence they marched up undiscovered to the Bridge Creek, (near half a mile) when they were challenged by a centinel on the other side of the creek; finding that they were discovered, and that nothing was to be done by surprize, they answered by a well-directed fire on the guard-house, which threw the poor Royal Provincials into such a panic, that without return- ing a shot, they determined to save themselves by flight; on finding which, and apprehending a general alarm on the island, our little party retired to their boats very slow and in good order, and reimbarked ; by which time some of the heroic Royal Provincials., finding our fire to cease, and probably concluding there could not then be much danger, ventured back to their old post and began a very warm fire at a phantom. It is presumed they had not yet recovered from their panic when the above narra- tive was sent to the King's Printer, which sufficiently accounts for their egregious errors."
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 271
On Monday the 22d of June the General Assembly of this State adjourned, to meet the second Wednesday in September next at Princeton.
The near approach of the enemy prevented the publication of this paper last week.
ALL officers and men belonging to the Pennsylvania State Navy Fleet, are hereby ordered to repair to their respective vessels immediately.
JOHN HAZLEWOOD, C. P. F.
Trenton, June 30th, 1778.
CAME to the plantation of William Baird, near GriggV Town, the 6th day of June, a brown HORSE, about thirteen hands and an half high, judged to be seventeen years old, his hind left foot somewhat white, branded C A on his left thigh, trots altogether. The owner is desired to come and prove property, pay charges and take him away.
Now in the care of the subscriber, a stray HORSE, of a red roan colour, six or seven years old, fourteen hands high, trots and paces. Whoever owns the said horse, is desired to apply immediately, pay the cost, and take him away.
ISAAC CRANE.
Essex county, Turkey, Borough of ^ Elizabeth, New-Jersey, June 11, 1778. )
STRAYED or STOLEN from the subscriber, on Friday the 22d. inst. a sorrel HORSE, has a bald face, a small wen on his left flank, about fourteen hands high, trots and paces, about nine or ten years old. Whoever shall secure said horse, so that the owner may get him again, shall receive TEN DOLLARS reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by me
GARY DUNN, Silver-smith.
Morristown, June 2d, 1778.
272 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
To all whom it may concern.
New-Jersey, ss. NOTICE is hereby given, that a Court of Admiralty will be held at the house of Gilbert Barton, in Allentown, on Tuesday, the 14th day of July next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, then and there to try the truth of the facts alledged in the bills of John Brooks, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Palm, the brigantine or vessel called the Speedwell, and the sloop or vessel called the Jenny. — Of Timothy Shaler, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Speedwell. — Of John Potts, (who as well, &c.) against the schooner - lately taken by the armed boat called the Dove, near Philadelphia, — with their respective tackle, apparel, furniture and cargoes: To the end and intent that the owner or owners ^)f the said vessels respectively, or any person or persons concerned therein, may appear and shew cause, if any they have, why the said vessels and their respective cargoes should not be condemnned according to the prayer of the said bills.
By order of the Judge,
BOWES REED, Pro. Reg.
June 17, 1778. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 30, June 24, 1778.
We are informed by several persons who were present at the late action in New-Jersey, that the loss of the enemy in killed is about five hundred, and that near the same number were taken prisoners and deserted during the bat- tle. The loss on the side of the American army is less than one hundred killed. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, July 4, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 273
Englishtown, July 1, 1778. Sir,
I embrace this first moment of (etc. etc.)
The hon. Henry Laurens, esq, president of congress.
Return of the killed, wounded and missing of the Ameri- can army, in the battle of Monmouth, on the twenty- eighth day of June, 1778.
Killed. One lieut. col. one major, three captains, two lieuts, one Serjeant, fifty-two rank and file.
Wounded. Two colonels, eight captains, four first lieuts. two second lieutenants, one ensign, one adjutant, eight Serjeants, one drum, one hundred and twenty rank and file.
Missing. Five Serjeants, one hundred and twenty-six rank and file. Many of the missing dropped through fatigue, and have since come in.
Artillery. Killed. One first lieut. seven matrosses, one bombardier.
\Vonnded. One capt. one Serjeant, one corporal, one gunner, ten matrosses.
Missing. One matross.
Six horses killed and two wounded. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, July 6. 1778.
New- York, July 6. On Sunday Morning the 28th In- stant, the Rear of the Royal Army under the Command of General Sir HENBY CLINTON, was attacked by the Rebel Army commanded by Generals Washington, Lee, Gates, Wayne and Fayette, about one Mile and a half West of Freehold Court House, in Monmouth County, New-Jersey; when the Grenadiers, Light Infantry, and Queen's Rangers, distinguished themselves in a particular Manner, having opposed the whole of Washington's Army, and pursued them several Miles ; their Loss we know not, but 'tis said to be great,
18
274 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
The following officers are amongst the killed, in the Royal Army.
Lieut. Col. Moncton, Capt. John Gove, of the 5th.
The wounded are, Lieut. Col. Trelawney, of the Guards, Lieut Col. Abercrombie, 37th ; Major William Gardiner, 10th; Capt. Andrew Cathcart, 15th; Capt. William Brereton, 17th; Capt. Harry Ditmass, 15th; Capt. Bald- win Leightoii, 46th; Lieut, Mungo Paumier, do. Lieut. Desborough, of the Marines; Capt. John Powell, 52d. Capt. Thomas Wills, 23d. Lieut. Patrick Belley, Guards; Capt. Stephenson, Queen's Rangers (before the action) Lieut. Col. Simcoe, Queen's Rangers ; Capt. Lloyd, 46th ; Lieut. Kennedy, 44th.
We are informed that the following, is an exact return of the loss of the Royal Army.
Killed 110
Wounded 172
Missing 56
Total 338
It is certain the rebels have not suffered so heavy a loss as on this occasion, in any engagement since their defeat on Long Island.
About 70 Prisoners was brought up to Town last Friday, that were taken in the above Engagement.
We hear General Washington with the greatest Part of his Army are gone towards New-Brunswick. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, July 6, 1778.
From tlie PENNSYLVANIA PACKET.
Mr. DUNLAP,
Be pleased to print the following Letters from his Ex- cellency General Washington, together with the return of
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 275
killed, wounded, &c. for the information of the good people
of these United States. I am, Sir,
Your most humble servant, Philadelphia, HENRY LAURENS,*
July 4, 1778. President of Congress.
Englishtown, six miles from Monmoutli, June 28, 1778, half after 11 A. M.
SIR
I WAS duly honoured with your favour of the 20th instant, with the report to which it referred, and trust my situation will apologize for my not answering it before.
I am now here with the main body of the army, and pressing hard to come up with the enemy. They encamped yesterday at Monmoutli Court-house, having almost the whole of their front, particularly their left wing, secured by a marsh and thick wood, and their rear by a very difficult defile, from whence they moved very early this morning. Our advance, from the rainy weather, and the intense heat when it was fair, (tho' these may have been equally disadvantageous to them) has been greatly de- layed. Several of our men have fallen sick from these causes, and a few unfortunately have fainted and died in a little time after. We have a select and strong detach- ment more forward under the general command of Major- General Lee, with orders to attack their rear if possible. Whether the detachment will be able to come up with it is a matter of question, especially before they get into strong grounds. Besides this, Morgan with his corps and some bodies of militia are on their flanks. I cannot determine yet at what place they intend to embark ; some think they will push for Sandy Hook, whilst others think they mean
1 Henry Laurens was a very distinguished statesman from South Carolina. In 1778 and 1779 he was the President of the Continental Congress, and in the latter year was appointed minister to Holland. On his way to that country he was captured and was imprisoned in the Tower of London for fifteen months. On his release he was made, by Congress, one of the commissioners to negotiate peace. — Manuscript of the late William 8. Striker.
•2~(> NKW .IKKSI-;Y IN TIIK KKVOU-TIO^. [177S
to go to Shoal Harbour. The latter opinion seems to be founded in the greater probability, as, from intelligence, several vessels and craft are lying off that place. We have made a few prisoners and they have lost a good many men by desertion, I cannot ascertain their numbers as they came into onr advanced parties and pushed immediately into the country ; I think five or six hundred is the least number that have come in in the whole; they are chiefly foreigners.
I have the honour to be, with great respect,
Sir, your most obedient servant,
G. WASHIXGTOX.
The Honourable HKNKY LATRKXS, Esquire, President of Congress.
Fields near Monmoutli Court-house, 29th June 1778.
SIB
I HAVE the honour to inform you that about seven o'clock yesterday morning both armies advanced on each other. About twelve they met on the grounds near Monmouth Court-house, when an action commenced. We forced the enemy from the field and encamped on the ground. They took a strong post in out front, secured on both flanks by morasses and thick woods, where they remained till about twelve at nigfit and then retreated. I cannot at this time go into a detail of matters; when opportunity will permit I shall take the liberty of transmitting Congress a more particular account of the proceedings of the day.
I have the honour to be,, with great respect,
Sir, your most obedient servant,
G. WASHIXGTOX.
1778] NKWS PAPER EXTRACTS. 277
T/ir Honourable HENRY LAURENS, Esquire, r resident of Congress.
[For his Excellency's third letter, with a return of the killed and wounded, &c. see the supplement.^1
Brunswick, July 3d, 1778.
SIR
XOT satisfied with robbing- me and the brave men under my command of the credit due to us with respect to the affair of the 28th, such an atrocious attack has been made on my conduct, and so gross are the injuries I have re- ceived, that I have demanded a court-martial ; which is to be held to-morrow. The reason that I address this note to you, is, that a most incidious, dishonest, and false relation has appeared in your paper of July 1st — I must therefore entreat, as you are an honest man, that you will desire your readers to consider the aforesaid relation as a fiction. Before long they shall have a minute, just, and faithful account — In the mean time I beg you will print this note — and am, Sir,
Your most obedient servant,
CHARLES LEE.2
Mr. ISAAC COLLINS
July 3d, 1778.
SIR,
I Desire you will consider this as a postscript to the note I have already addressed to you, and that you will request whatever printer is your correspondent at Philadelphia, to insert the note and postscript in his paper. — To call the affair a complete victory would be a dishonourable gasconade — It was indeed a very handsome check, which did the Americans honour. Xo affair can be more convinc- ing of what they are equal to; in a retrograde manoeuvre
1 S<><> paj^e L's."i. post.
-' This note to the editor of the Gazette is probably the first public iiniiDiini-ement made by Lee after his fiasco upon the field of Monmouth.
^7S NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. L.l''s
of near four miles, no confusion was observable but what arose, and ever will arise from a monstrous abuse, wbich, if tolerated, will be one day fatal — I mean the liberty which individuals, without authority, take to direct and give their opinions. The behaviour of the whole, both men and officers, was so equally good that it would be unjust to make distinctions; tho' I confess it is difficult to restrain from paying compliments to the artillery, from General Knox1 and Colonel Oswald down to the very driver. It is difficult to say which was the decisive point — it was a battle in pieces, and by dint of fighting in a variety of places — in the plain and in the woods — by advancing and retreating, the enemy were at last fairly worn down.
I am, Sir, yours,
CHARLES LEE.
TRENTON, July 8. Extract from GENERAL ORDERS.
"Head-Quarters, Freehold, June 29, 1778.
"THE Commander in Chief congratulates the army on the victory obtained over the arms of his Britannic Majesty yesterday, and thanks most sincerely the gallant officers and men who distinguished themselves upon the occasion, and such others as, by their good order and coolness, gave the happiest presage of what might have been expected had they come to action.
"General Dickinson, and the Militia of this State, are also thanked for their nobleness in opposing the enemy in their march from Philadelphia, and for the aid which they have given in harrassing and impeding their motions, so as to allow the continental troops to come up with them.
1 General Henry Knox was a bookseller In Boston before the war. but entered the service at the beginning of the struggle. He became the Chief of Artillery to the Continental army. He was ever the trusted friend of Washington and performed efficient work during the Revolution. In 1785 he was made Secretary of War. — Manuscript of the late Witttam B. Btryker.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 279
"It is with, peculiar pleasure the Commander in Chief, in addition to the above, can inform General Knox, and the officers of artillery, that the enemy have done them the justice to acknowledge that no artillery could be better served than ours."
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Camp, dated English-Town, June '2$tli, 1778.
"I have for two weeks past been with the militia of this State, under the command of Major-General Dickinson. It truly affords me the most, heartfelt pleasure to see in what numbers and how suddenly my brave countrymen poured in from every quarter, to the defence of our glorious cause. — During the whole time they underwent the greatest fatigues, severe and long marches, without a murmur. — In every skirmish they behaved with the greatest spirit, and appearing always confident of the courage and pru- dence of their General, they obeyed his orders of every kind with the utmost chearfulness and alacrity. At the drawbridge near Bordentown, when General Dickinson with great propriety had ordered some lines to be thrown, up they appeared anxiously to desire the arrival of the enemy. The continental troops and great part of the militia had however been withdrawn, except those of Colonels Phillips * and Shreve, who were previously de- tached to guard a ford one mile further up the creek, and only the three regiments of Colonels Frelinghuysen,2 Van Dike3 and Webster4 remained, when a party of the enemy
1 Joseph Phillips, Major Hunt's Battalion, Heard's Brigade, June 14th,
1776 : Lieutenant-Colonel. Colonel Johnson's Battalion, ditto, August 1st, 1776; Colonel, ditto, September 20th, 1776; First Major, First Regiment, Hunterdon ; Colonel, ditto, March loth, 1777.
- Frederick Frelinghuysen, First Major, Colonel Stewart's Battalion Minute Men, February 15th. 1776 ; subsequently Colonel. First Battalion. Somerset, February 28th, 1777. Resigned to accept appointment as dele- gate to Congress.
3 Hendrlck Van Dike. Colonel. Second Battalion, Somerset, September 9th,
1777 ; Colonel, regiment State Troops, October 9th, 1779.
4 John Webster, Lieutenant-Colonel, First Regiment, Middlesex, March 31st, 1778; Colonel, ditto, April 18th, 1778.
280 M-:W .JKKSKY IX TIM-: KKVOU TIO.N. [17. >
appeared, and with great zeal began to repair The bridge. which liad heen cur down — l'pon the very news of their approach, the troops rushed down with the greatest im- petuosity, and a small party from one of the regiment- whieh happened to be considerably advanced, caused them to retire, after having1 killed four and wounded several others. In the morning the lines were again manned, but the enemy thought proper to change their rout. This con- duct of the militia saved, in my opinion, Trenton and the country adjacent from rapine and desolation. In short, their conduct during the whole time, gave me the most pleasing ideas of the strong love of liberty which is natural to the human soul. Surely whilst the farmers of the country are induced by the mere fondness for freedom to leave all their domestic concerns at this season of the year, and undergo the hardships of a soldier's life; to suffer the several fatigues and with pleasure face every danger — I say, whilst this continues to be the spirit of Americans — Americans must and irill be free."
Extract of a letter from a Gentleman at Camp, dated July 4, 1778.
"The Anniversary of INDEPENDENCE has occasioned another grand day, far surpassing the feu de joye at the old camp, which I formerly described to you. The orders were not issued till evening yesterday, and then not so full as to raise great expectations. I have already de- scribed to you the situation of my quarters which com- mands a view of the bridge and the opposite shore, so that 1 could see every man as he passed to the ground. The front line of the army extended from the redoubt on the height a little above Brunswick1 upwards of two miles up the river on the west side; the second line at some dU-
1 Prom the vicinity of College avenue and within sight of the new Pennsylvania railroad bridge over the Uaritan.
1778] NEWSPAPKK KXTKACTS. 281
tance in the rear, not quite so extensive — The park was placed on the right of the front line at the redoubt, and upwards of thirty pieces of cannon interspersed at proper distances through the lines. After his Excellency with his suite had rid round the lines and returned to his quarters, on a signal given from thence 13 pieces of cannon were tired at the park, which were followed by a running lire of musketry and artillery, beginning on the right of the front, throughout the whole of both lines — After this three huzzas to the perpetual and undisturbed Indepen- dence of the United states of America. The same round was performed a second and third time, and exceedingly well executed every time. My situation being high and at a convenient distance in front, afforded me a complete view of the whole, and presented by far the grandest sight I ever beheld. The running fire of musketry is grand of itself, but the cannon throwing out their columns of smoke, and adding their sounds at proper distances, made it magnificent beyond description.
"The enemy are said to be gone from Middletown a few miles, and it is imagined they will all be out of the state by to-morrow. — At half past three to-morrow morn- in the left wing of our army begins its march for King's ferry, 70 miles from hence, the other two grand divisions will follow the 6th and 7th, leaving Maxwell's brigade and Col. Morgan's corps (about 2000 or 2500 men) to cover Xew-Jersey.
"The Court-Martial for the trial of General Lee did not get to business till this morning: As many witnesses will be examined, and the whole taken down in writing, it will probably last some time, during which they are to continue at Brunswick."
Last Saturday being the Anniversary of the Declara- tion of our Independence, was commemorated at Prince- ton with the greatest demonstrations of joy for our happy deliverance from tyranny and arbitrary power, and the
282 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
glorious prospect of transmitting freedom and happiness to our latest posterity. At six o'clock in the afternoon (a signal gun having been previously fired to collect the in- habitants) the solemnity commenced by the discharge of thirteen rounds of cannon, being some of the brass field- pieces taken from General Burgoyne, one of the three conquerors of America. The discharge of the cannon was succeeded by three huzzas from a large concourse of people, all exulting in the opportunity of expressing their gratula- tions in being delivered from the yoke of a merciless tyrant and his execrable minions. After this his Excellency the Governor, with such of the Members of the Legislative Council and General Assembly as were in town, with the Officers of the Army and Militia, and the Gentlemen of the place, repaired to the Governor's quarters, where they passed the remainder of the day with great festivity and decorum, and drank the following toasts:
1. The Honourable the Congress.
2. The Free and Independent States of America.
3. His Excellency General Washing-ton.
4. The American Army and Navy.
,">. May our Independence endure while the sun shall shine or the rivers flow.
6. His Most Christian Majesty, our illustrious ally,1 and the magnanimous protector of the rights of mankind.
7. May the Confederated States of America be ever sup- ported by the same public virtue and patriotism by which they were established.
8. Our Ambassador at the Court of Versailles.2
9. The State of New- Jersey.
10. Our brave and patriotic Militia,
11. All our officers and Privates engaged in the battle near Monmouth Court-house, in which we obtained a com- plete victory over the choicest and most veteran of the enemy's troops.
1 The King of France. - Benjamin Franklin.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 283
12. The memory of all the heroes who have fallen in defence of American liberty during the war.
13. May our example excite the oppressed in every part of the world to resist the outrages of tyranny; and may they be equally successful in asserting the natural and unalienable rights of mankind.
In the evening the inhabitants testified their joy by a general illumination of the village.
It is reported that the enemy have all embarked on board their transports, and sailed from- Sandy Hook for the Eastward.
At the Court of Oyer and Terminer lately holdeii in the county of Monmouth, the Grand Jury found a bill of indictment against Cyrenus Van Mater, for giving infor- mation to the enemy, and therefore being the cause of their taking the Hon. Richard Stockton, Esq. and John Covenhoven, Esq. in the month of December, 1776. Van Mater put himself upon his trial, and the Jury found him guilty; the Court thereupon sentenced him to pay a fine of 3001. and to suffer six months imprisonment. We hear that the enemy, in their late passage through that county, released Van Mater; who having piloted them through his neighbourhood, went off with them to Xew- York, leaving a large real and personal estate behind him, which we presume will be forfeited for his crimes.
On Saturday last a demirep of the city of Philadelphia was exposed to publick ridicule, preternaturally deformed, by an extravagant Head Dress, in humble imitation of some of our disaffected ladies, who it seems adopted this offspring of the abandoned daughters of Britain during their residence in that city ; and still preserve it, as a proof of their attachment to the virtuous cause in which they are engaged. Are they not proper objects of ridicule and aversion, who can meanly imitate the Manners and Dress of women prostitute in the service of men whose swords are still stained with the blood of their friends and relations? — 0 tcmpora, 0 mores!
284 .\K\V JERSEY IK- THE KEVOLUTIOX. [177>
BAY i;u ii.Moxi), who was removed from his stand at Long1 Bridge, upon the approach of the enemy, is now re- turned, and covering as usual.
A few chests of TEA, warranted the first quality for Bohea, to be sold very cheap for cash. Enquire at the printing-office.
STOLE \ on the 20th day of June, 1778, from under the shed at David Gordon's in Nottingham township, in the county of Burlington, and State of New-Jersey, a dappled grey MARE, 15 hands high, shod before, a natural trotter, six years old, with an old saddle and bridle. Who- ever takes up the said mare, and brings her to David Gordon, or to the subscriber, at his plantation in the town- ship and county aforesaid, shall receive Twenty Dollars, and all charges paid.
BEN. BILES.
x. B. If the thief is brought to justice, the owner will pay 30 dollars more.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or STOLEN, near English-Town, the evening after the battle, a brown MARE, about 14 hands and an half high, no natural marks, branded on the near shoulder and thigh with a D and an s in the middle of it; she is something in years. Whoever secures said mare, so that the owner may get her again, shall have the above reward, and reasonable charges, if brought home, paid by me JAMES STOUT, in Hopewell, Ilunterdon county.
July 6, 1778.
STOLEX or STRAYED from the subscriber at the camp, 4 miles from Engiishtown, a dark brown MARK, full fifteen hands high, four years old last spring, trots and canters
1778] NEWSI'AI'KU KXTRACTS. 2S5
well, lias a small star not plain to be seen, one of her hind feet white ahove the fetlock. Whoever takes up said mare, so that the owner may get her again, shall have THIRTY DOLLARS reward, and, if stolen, SIXTY DOLLARS for mare and thief, paid by JOSEPH GREEN, jun. near Trenton. June 28, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
Ax excellent CHAIR or WAGGON- HORSE, near fifteen hands high, handsome and able bodied, of a bright brown, good carriage and easy to drive. Inquire of BENJAMIN SMITH, saddler, in Trenton.
Trenton, July 3, 1778.
WAS delivered to me the 20th of April last as a deserter from General Washington's army, a certain John Curtis, about 28 years of age, five feet three inches high, slim built; but since says he is a servant to Edward Edwards, Lieutenant in the 4th Maryland battalion: His master is desired to pay charges- and take him away, otherwise he will be sold for his fees.
JOHN OSBORN, Gaoler.
—New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 31, July 8, 1778.
• Englishtown, July 1, 1778.
SIR/
I EMBRACE this first moment of leisure to give Con- gress a more full and particular account of the movements of the army under my command, since its passing the Delaware, than the situation of our affairs would hereto- fore permit.
I have the honour to a,dvise them, that on the appear- ance of the enemy's intention to march through Jersey becoming serious, I had detached General Maxwell's brigade, in conjunction with the militia of that state, to interrupt and impede their progress, by every obstruction
1 See pages 273, 274, 275, 276, ante.
286 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
iu their power, so as to give time to the army under my command to come up with them, and take advantage of any favourable circumstances that might present them- selves. The army having proceeded to Coryell's ferry, and crossed the Delaware at that place, I immediately detached Colonel Morgan with a select corps of 600 men, to reinforce General Maxwell, and marched with the main body towards Princeton.
The slow advance of the enemy had greatly the air of design, and led me, with others to suspect that General Clinton, desirous of a general action, was endeavouring to draw us down into the lower country, in order by a rapid movement to gain our right, and take possession of the strong grounds above us. This consideration, and to give the troops time to repose and refresh themselves from the fatigues they, had experienced from rainy and excessive hot weather, determined me to halt at Hopewell township, about five miles from Princeton, where we remained till the morning of the 25th. On the preceding day I made a second detachment of 1500 chosen troops, under Brigadier-General Scott, to reinforce those already in the vicinity of the enemy, the more effectually to annoy and delay their march. The next day the army moved to Kingston; and having received intelligence that the enemy were prosecuting their route towards Monmouth Court-house, I dispatched 1000 select men under Briga- dier-General Wayne, and sent the Marquis de la Fayette to take the command of the whole advanced corps, in- cluding Maxwell's brigade and Morgan's light infantry, with orders to take the first fair opportunity of attacking the enemy's rear. In the evening of the same day the whole army marched from Kingston, where our baggage was left, with the intention to preserve a proper distance for supporting the advanced corps, and arrived at Cran- berry early the next morning. The intense heat of the weather, and a heavy storm unluckily coming, on, made it impossible to resume our march that day without great
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS.. 287
inconvenience and injury to the troops. Our advanced corps being1 differently circumstanced, moved from the position it had held the night before, and took post, in the evening on the Monmouth road, about five miles from the enemy's rear, in expectation of attacking them next morning on their march. The main body .having remained at Cranberry, the advanced corps was found to be too remote, and too far upon the right, to be supported either in case of an attack upon or from the enemy, which in- duced me to send orders to the Marquis to file off by his left towards Englishtown, which he accordingly executed early in the morning of the 27th.
The enemy in marching from Allentown had changed their disposition, and placed their best troops in the rear, consisting of all the grenadiers, light infantry, and chasseurs of the line. This alteration made it necessary to encrease the number -of our advanced corps, in conse- quence of which I detached Major General Lee with two brigades to join the Marquis at Englishtown, on whom of course the command of the whole devolved, amounting to about 5000 men. The main body marched the same day, and encamped within three miles of that place. Morgan's corps was left hovering on the enemy's right flank, and the Jersey militia, amounting at this time to about 7 or 800 men, under General Dickinson, on their left.
The enemy were now encamped in a strong position with their right extending about a mile and an half be- yond the Court-house, in the parting of the roads leading to Shrewsbury and Middletown, and their left along the road -from Allentown to Monmouth, about three miles on this side the Court-house. Their right flank lay on the skirt of a small wood, while their left was secured by a very thick one, a morass running towards their rear, and their whole front covered by a wood, and for a consider- able extent towards the left with a morass. In' this situa- tion they halted till the morning of the 28fh.
l)s^ .NKW .IKKSKY IN TIIK KKYOI.ITION. [17 . >
Matters being thus situate*!, and having had the U->t information, that if the enemy were once arrived at the heights of Middletown, ten or twelve miles from where they were, it would be impossible to attempt anything against them with a prospect of success, I determined to attack their rear the moment they should get in motion from their present ground. I communicated my intention to General Lee, and ordered him to make his disposition for the attack, and to keep his troops constantly lying upon their arms, to be in readiness at the shortest notice. This was done with respect to the troops under my imme- diate command.
About five in the morning General Dickinson sent me express, informing that the front of the enemy had began their march. I instantly put the army in motion, and sent orders by one of my Aids to General Lee to move on and attack them, unlesf there should be very powerful reasons to the contrary; acquainting him at the same time, that I was marching to support him, and for doing it with the greatest expedition and convenience, should make the men disencumber themselves of their packs and blankets.
After marching about five miles, to my great surprise and mortification, I met the whole advanced corps re- treating, and, as I was told, by General Lee's orders, without having made any opposition, except one fire given by the party under the command of Col. Buttler, on their being charged by the enemy's cavalry, who were repulsed, I proceeded immediately to the rear of the corps, which I found closely pressed by the enemy, and gave directions for forming part of the retreating troops, who, by the brave and spirited conduct of the officers, aided by some pieces of well served artillery, checked the enemy's ad- vance, and gave time to make a disposition of the left wing and second line of the army upon an eminence, and in a wood a little in the rear, covered by a morass in front. On this were placed some batteries of cannon by Lord Stirling, who commanded the left wing, which played upon
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 280
the enemy with great effect, and secon*ded by parties of infantry, detached to oppose them, effectually put a stop to their advance.
General Lee being detached with the advanced corps, the command of the right wing, for the occasion, was given to General Green. For the expedition of the march, and to counteract any attempted to turn our right, I had ordered him to file off by the new church, two miles from Englishtown, and fall into the Monmouth road, a small distance in the rear of the Court-house, while the rest of the column moved directly on towards the Court-house. On intelligence of the retreat, he marched up, and took a very advantageous position on the right.
The enemy, by this time, finding themselves warmly opposed in front, made an attempt to turn our left flank,, but they were bravely repulsed and driven back by de- tached parties of infantry. They also made a movement to our right, with as little success, General Green having' advanced a body of troops, with artillery, to a commanding- piece of ground, which not only disappointed their design of turning our right, but severely enfiladed those in front of the left wing. In addition to this, General Wayne advanced with a body of troops, and kept up so severe and well directed a fire, that the enemy were soon compelled to retire behind the defile, where the first stand in the beginning of the action had been made.
In this situation, the enemy had both their flanks secured by thick woods and morasses, while their front could only be approached through a narrow pass. I re- solved, nevertheless, to attack them ; and for that purpose ordered General Poor, with his own and the Carolina Brigade, to move round upon their right, and General Woodford'upon their left, and the artillery to gall them in front ; but the impediment in their way prevented their getting within reach before it was dark. They remained upon the ground they had been directed to occupy during the night, with intention to begin the attack early the
19
290 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION.
next morning, and the army continued lying upon their arms in the field of action, to be in readiness to support them. In the meantime the enemy were employed in removing their wounded, and about twelve o'clock at night marched away in such silence, that, though General Poor lay extremely near them, they effected their retreat with- out his knowledge. They carried off all their wounded, except four officers and about forty privates, whose wounds were too dangerous to permit their removal.
The extreme heat of the weather — the fatigue of the men from their march — through a deep sandy country, almost intirely destitute of water — and the distance the enemy had gained by marching in the night, made a pursuit impracticable and fruitless. It would have an- swered no valuable purpose, and would have been fatal to numbers of our^aien, several of whom died the preceding day with heat.
Were I to conclude my account of this day's transaction without expressing my obligations to the officers of the army in general, I should do injustice to their merit, and violence to my own feelings. They seemed to vie with each other in manifesting their zeal and ' bravery. The catalogue of those who distinguished themselves is too long to admit of particularising individuals. I cannot, however, forbear mentioning Brigadier-General Wayne, whose good conduct and bravery, through the whole action, deserves particular commendation.
The behaviour of the troops in general, after they re- covered from the first surprize, occasioned by the retreat of the advanced corps, was such as could not be surpassed.
All the artillery, both officers and men, that were en- gaged, distinguished themselves in a remarkable manner.
Inclosed Congress will be pleased to receive a return of our killed, wounded and missing: Among the first were Lieut-Col. Bunner, of Pennsylvania, and Major Dickinson, of Virginia, both officers of distinguished merit, and much to be regretted. The enemy's slain left
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 291
on the field and buried by us according to the return of the persons assigned to that duty, were four officers and two hundred and forty-five privates ; in the former number was the honourable Col. Monckton. Exclusive of these they buried some themselves* as there were several new graves near the field of battle. How many men they may have had wounded, cannot be determined; but from the usual proportion, the number must have been considerable —There were a few prisoners taken.
The peculiar situation of General Lee at this time, requires that I should say nothing of his conduct. He is now in arrest. The charges against him, with such sen- tence as the court-martial may decree in his case, shall be transmitted for the approbation or disapprobation of Congress, as soon as it shall be passed.
Being fully convinced by the gentlemen of this country, that the enemy cannot be hurt or injured in their em- barkation at Sandy Hook, the place to which they are going, and unwilling to get too far removed from the North river, I put the troops in motion early this morning, and shall proceed that way, leaving the Jersey brigade, Mor- gan's corps and other light parties (the militia being all dismissed) to hover about them — countenance desertion, and to prevent their depredations as far as possible. After they embark, the former will take post in the neighbour- hood of Elizabethtown — the latter rejoin the corps from which they were detached.
I have the honour to be, with the greatest respect, Sir your most obedient servant,
G. WASHINGTON.
The honourable Henry Laurens, Esq. President of Congress.
RETURN of the killed, wounded and missing of the American army in the battle of Monmouth on the 28th day of June, 1778.
Killed: 1 Lieut-Col. 1 Major, 3 Captains, 2 Lieuten- ants, 1 Serjeant, 52 Rank and File.
292 NEW JKKSKY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Wounded: 2 Colonels, 8 Captains, 4 First-Lieutenants, 2 Second Lieutenants, 1 Ensign, 1 Adjutant, 8 Serjeants, 1 Drum, 120 Bank and File.
Missing: 5 Serjeants, 126 Rank and File. Many of the missing dropped through fatigue, and have since come in.
ARTILLERY. Killed: 1 First Lieutenant, 7 Matrosses, 1 Bombadier.
Wounded: 1 Captain, 1 Serjeant, 1 Corporal, 1 Gun- ner, 10 Matrosses.
Missing: 1 Matross. . Six horses killed and two wounded.
STRAYED or STOLEN, from the subscriber at the artillery park, on the 30th of June, while the army lay at English- Town, viz. two HOBSES and one MARE. One bay horse with a bald face, 13 and a half hands high, about ten years old, branded on the near buttock Me ; a chestnut- sorrel ditto, 15 hands high, about 12 years old, branded on the near buttock Me; and the mare is white, about 14 and a half hands high, near 11 years old, branded Me. 'Whoever takes up and secures the above mentioned horses and mare, and delivers them to Mr. Cornelius M'Caskey at Trenton, to Mr. William Covenhoven at' English-Town, or to the subscriber at the artillery park, shall have Eight Dollars for each, and all reasonable charges paid by
ANDREW COLDCLTTGH, F. M.
Park of Artillery.
TO BE SOLD
A HOUSE and LOT, situate in Kingsbury, Nottingham township, Burlington county,1 the house is well calculated for any kind of publick business, with some very con-
1 Now a part of the city of Trenton. Nottingham township, of very early creation, no longer exists. The Assanpink creek was the boundary line between the counties of Burlington and Hunterdon until Mercer county was created.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 293
venient out-buildings. Any Gentleman inclining to pur- chase the same, may know the terms by applying to the subscriber, at Otter-Hall, about two miles from Trenton.
WILLIAM WATSON. TO BE SOLD.
At publick vendue on Saturday the 18th day of this instant at Pitts-Town.
A CONSIDERABLE number of CAST HOUSES, belonging to the Continental Army. The sale to begin at ten o'clock in the morning.
Pitts-Town MOORE FURMAN,*
•July 6, 1778 D. Q. M. Gen. of K Jersey.
TAKEN thro' a mistake, from the house of Mr. William M'Lane, living in Horsham township, Philadelphia county and State of Pennsylvania, by a Doctor belonging to General Maxwell's brigade, on their march from Head- Quarters to the State of Ts"ew-Jersey, the beginning of May last, a knapsack with the following articles in it: A brown cloth coat, with polished steel buttons ; one pair white summer breeches, mark'd B A inside the waistband ; a white summer jacket, mark'd B A inside lapel; two white stocks, mark'd B A; one coarse shirt; a pair pumps very little worn ; a buckle brush ; and half a quire of white paper. 'Tis expected that the Doctor who carried off the above knapsack and cloaths, will bring or send word to the proper owner where he shall get them, living at Mr. Christopher Howel's, near Maidenhead, about four miles from Trenton.
BENJAMIN ARMITAGE.
July 2, 1778. — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 31, Supplement, July
8, 1778.
1 Moore Furman, of Trenton, as Department Quartermaster-General of New Jersey during the war, was a very faithful patriot and greatly trusted by Washington. — Manuscript of the late William S. Stryker.
294 NEW JKKSKY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
As, the subscriber is very pleasantly situated in a large and airy house in Burlington, she proposes to her friends, the keeping of a BOARDING SCHOOL for any number of young ladies under twelve. — As provisions are scarce, and other articles at this time very high, she hopes a generous price will be given, in order to enable her to answer the expectations of those parents who choose to place their children under her care and tuition.
Burlington, New-Jersey,
July 1, 1778. ANN DAVENPORT.
— The Pennsylvania Evening Post, July 8, 1778.
New- York, July 13. To our former Account of the Action of the 6th inst. in Jersey, we add the following Particulars, as, hitherto we have been unprovided with a State of the Day's Operations.
The Action commenced at Twelve, on the hottest Day imaginable. After a March of eight Hours, the British Guards forming the Rear of the Army, the Rebels in- sulting the flanking Parties, at Eleven the General recon- noitered the Enemy, and finding them in Force, ordered an Halt on the Heights of Freehold, having given orders to the advanced Party of the Army on the March, accord-, ingly. The Rebel Battalions shewing themselves with a Disposition to stand, the Commander in Chief ordered the Rear of the Army to form in the Front, and the Light Horse to advance, and Charge those in the Front of the Wood leading to Freehold Court-House, at the' same Time commanding the first Battalion of Guards to support the Cavalry, and follow the Charge with Bayonets, while the Cavalry were advancing during the Moment in which the Guards were Loading, in Consequence of Orders, they received a Fire on the Right from the Wood, of 300 of the Enemy posted in Ambush. Orders were now given to face to the Right, and Charge through the Wood. This Order was executed with such Alacrity, that the Rebels were forced with Bayonets through a deep Morass, a Wood
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 295
hardly penetrable, during a very hot Fire, cross a Plain and Ravine, to the Edge of a second Wood; when the Ardour of the Troops was most judiciously stopped by Orders from the General, who perceiving them affected by the excessive Heat of the Weather; this Influence having occasioned a Check to the first Line of the Rebel Army, they retreated under the Cover of a Cannonade, which occasioned the Loss of the gallant Lieut. Col. Monck- ton, and several other very respectable Officers.
In this Affair the first Battalion of Guards, and a Part of the British Grenadiers charged, and occasioned the de route of the whole Rebel Army, confessed by themselves, to consist of Fourteen Thousand Men, and led by their most approved Officers.
The whole line of March consisted of thirteen Miles extent, was effected without the Loss of a single Waggon, howsoever molested and harrassed by the whole Rebel Army.
Col. Trelawney, who commanded the first Battalion of British Guards, and was dangerously wounded at the Affair of Freehold, on the 29th of June, we have the Pleasure to hope is out of Danger, and so are almost all of the other Gentlemen present in this Affair.
General Washington's Army is now encamped at Eliza- beth Town, Newark, Second River, Hackinsack, &c. in New-Jersev.
The Count de Estange, with 11 Sail of the Line and three Frigates, came to an Anchor last Saturday After- noon a few Miles from Sandy-Hook, where he now lies.
We hear there are at this Juncture, very great Confusion in General Washington's Army; there has been a Duel fought between a French General, Conway, and Col. Cad- wallader, in which the former was shot thro' the Eye, and died on the Spot. General Lee has been accused of Mis- conduct in the late Action the 28th ult. in New-Jersey;
:296 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1T7X
but 'tis said exculpates himself in two Letters published in a Pennsylvania Paper a few Days since. The Somerset Militia we are told suffered much in the Battle of yester- day Fortnight, — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, July 13, 1778.
PHILADELPHIA, July 14.
In CONGRESS, July 7, 1778.
Resolved unanimously, That the thanks of Congress be given to General Washington for the activity with which he inarched from the camp at Valley Forge in pursuit of the enemy; for his distinguished exertions in forming the order of battle; and for his great good conduct in leading on the attack and gaining the important victory of Monmouth, ov«r the British grand army, under the immediate command of Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Clinton, in their march from Philadelphia to New- York.
Resolved, That Grene*ral Washington be directed to signify the thanks of Congress to the gallant officers and men under his command, who distinguished themselves by their conduct and valour at the battle of Monmouth. Extract from the Minutes.
CHARLES THOMSON, Sec.
TREXTOtf, JULY 15.
Within a few days past about 650 prisoners, chiefly Hessians, from the Westward, passed through this place on their way to Elizabeth-Town, to be exchanged.
Since our last twelve British prisoners, lately taken near Sandy-Hook, were brought to this town and confined in gaol.
We hear the British army are now encamped on the east end of Staten-Island.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 297
It is currently reported that the French fleet, under the command of Admiral Count d'Estaign, is arrived off Shrewsbury, from whence we hourly expect to hear some important intelligence.
From a correspondent we learn that "on the 23d of June the brave and gallant Capt. JOOST ZABRISKIE, who commanded a company of rangers in the county of Bergen in ]STew-Jersey, having received orders to impress a num- ber of waggons to carry some grain for the use of the army, was murdered by the tories. Two guns were dis- charged at him as he passed by a wood in a disaffected part of the county; one of the balls entered his body in the small of his back, and he lived only thirty-eight hours. He was a terror to the enemies of his country, and the aversion of the only people that deserve to be slaves. We that have experienced, and have been protected by his valour, weep at his loss."
Princeton, July 14. On Thursday, the 9th inst. at two o'clock in the afternoon, the Mercury in Fahrenheit's thermometer rose to 98 3-10 j1 on Friday at the same hour to 97 9-10 ; and on Saturday at the same hour to 97 7-10.
To BE SOLD at publick vendue, at the late dwelling- house of Henry Davis, deceased, in Maples-Town, Mid- dlesex county, on Thursday, the 23d of July, horses, cattle, sheep, hogs, bees in the hives, wheat, rye, oats and flax in sheaves, waggon, cart, plow, harrows, axes, hoes, spade, scythes and cradle, carpenters tools, beds and bedding, tables, chairs, pots, large brass kettle, pewter, andirons, trammels, a quantity of old iron, and many other articles. The vendue to begin at 10 o'clock said day, when the con- ditions will be made known, and attendance given by
ABEL HOFF, I
July 11, 1778. TIIO. BLACKWELL, > Admin.
AND. JOHNSON. )
1 This is the first "weather record" published in a New Jersey newspaper.
298 NEW JEESEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
STOLEN from the subscriber near Kingston, Middlesex county, a black MARE about 14 Hands high, five years old, a natural trotter, little lame in her near hind foot occasioned by foundering. Whoever takes up said in a re and secures the thief, so that he may be brought to justice, shall have Twenty Dollars reward for mare and thief, or Ten Dollars for the mare only, with reasonable charges, paid by
AARON LONGSTRKKT.
To BE SOLI) by way of public vendue on Friday the 17th day of July inst. at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, at the dwell- ing house of Bond and Pain, in Morris-Town, a quantity of SHOP GOODS, viz. excellent Scotch snuff in kegs, choice pigtail tobacco, a barrel of brimstone, a few thousand needles, a remnant of black satin, one ditto of fine muslin, a coat and jacket buttons, shirt buttons, sewing silks of all colours, a quantity of apron tape, glass and earthen ware, a number of very good school and other books, &c. Like- wise will be disposed of at the same time, household and kitchen furniture ; also an excellent waggon and pleasure sleigh, with a number of articles too tedious to enumerate.
GEORGE BOND, JOHN PAIN.
N. B. Said Bond and Pain request those who may have any legal demands against them, to bring them in by the first day of August next, and they shall be paid : They also request all those who stand indebted to them, to discharge their respective accounts by the said first of August next, as the copartnership between the said Bond and Pain is about being dissolved.
Morris-Town, July 10, 1778.
STRAYED or STOLEN out of the pasture of Jacob Naff on Leslie's Ridge, in Reading-Town Hunterdon county and State of New-Jersey, a large lightish-colour'd brown
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS.
HORSE, three years old this grass, trots and canters, has a small star in his forehead, and branded with I. X. on the left buttock. Whoever takes up and secures the said horse and thief, so that the owner may have him again, and the thief brought to justice, shall have the reward of SIXTY DOLLARS, and for the horse only THIRTY DOLLARS, with all reasonable charges paid by me
June 15. JACOB NAFF.
To BE SOLD, a parcel of choice INDIGO, in hogsheads and barrels, and a quantity of best SCOTCH SNUFF in bladders. Inquire of Anthony L. Bleecker, at Morris-Town.
DESERTED from the subscriber the 20th of June, a certain Andrew Nelson, belonging to General Pulaski's legion, about 18 years of age, five feet six inches high, has black hair and eyes. He is supposed to be: in the pines near Imlay's-Town making tar, or at the salt-works in Monmouth. Whoever takes him up and delivers him to the keeper of Trenton gaol, shall receive six DOLLARS re- ward and reasonable charges, paid by
HENRY BEDKIN, Major
July 15. in Count Pulaski's Legion.
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED away the 28th of June 1778, from the sub- scriber, near the field of battle, a strawberry roan HORSE, about 15 hands high, has a very high carriage, trote rough and frequently goes a rack, he has a blind brand on his near buttock, a brown muzzle, a remarkable wart on the, tip of his left ear, another over his left eye, has lately been rowelled in his breast. Any person taking up said horse, and on delivering him to Mr. R. Williams tavern- keeper at Trenton, Mr. Revaud Kerney at Monmouth,
300 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Mr. Minne Voorhees at New-Brunswick, or the subscriber, shall receive the above reward and all reasonable charges, paid by
ANTHONY W. WHITE,.
Lt. Col. L. D.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber, on the 4th of July, a dark brown HORSE about 14 hands high, with a small star, cut tail and f oretop : And a small brindled DOG also came with him. The owner is desired to come, prove property, pay charges and take him away.
JOHN WATSON, Jun.
Nottingham,, Burlington )' County, July 13, 1778. j
ON the day of the action near Monmouth Court-house the subscriber b£mg wounded, gave a silver mounted CUTLASS with a green handle to a Captain of the militia belonging to this State. It is therefore requested that said Captain will return it to Col. Vanschaack of the first battalion of New- York forces, or to the subscriber at Englishtown.
JOSEPH M'CRAHEN, Captain.
Trenton, July 13, 1778.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN out of the pasture of the subscriber, in Spring- field, Essex county, State of New-Jersey, on the night of the 8th instant, a dark bay HORSE with a dark streak all along his back, three years old trots and gallops well, 14 hands one inch high, and a quarter blooded. Any person returning said horse to the owner, shall have the above reward and all reasonable charges, paid by me
JOHN DICKERSON, Jim.
Springfield, July 10, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 301
To BE SOLD, at Capt. Johii.Clunn's, at Lamberton,1 on Saturday the 18th instant, between three and five o'clock in the afternoon, the SLOOP CHARLOTTE, as she now lays in Watson's creek.2 She is sharp built and an exceeding fast sailer.
Trenton, July 11 ; 1778.
To BE SOLD, a few gallons of choice old Madeira wine, sweet ditto ; white vitriol, rose pink, vermillion, Prussian blue, verdegrease ground in oil. amber, yellow oaker, Xaples yellow, drop lake, white and brown varnish ; a few boxes of 6 by 4 window glass, a few boxes large size ditto, by
ABRAHAM DURYCE.
Hillsborough-, near Somerset Court- house, New-Jersey, July 1778.
FORTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN out of the pasture of the subscriber on the night of Friday the 3d. inst. a large black MARE four years old, full fifteen hands high, with many grey hairs in her sides and flanks, a large star in her forehead, long switch tail, she hath a scar on the fetlock of her fore leg occasioned by a cut; when taken she was near foaling. Any person who shall take up said mare and thief, so that she is secured and the thief brought to justice, shall receive the above reward, or Twenty Dollars for the mare only.
HENRY DISBROW.
Readington, Hunterdon county, State of New-Jersey, July 10, 1778.
1 Now the southern portion of the city of Trenton.
*A small stream below Trenton, emptying into the Delaware.
302 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
STRAYED or STOLEN off the place of Thomas Morris in Assanpink, the 10th of this instant, a black IIORSK eight years old, fourteen hands high, with a star in his forehead about, as big as a penny, a thick long main, switch tail, branded on the near shoulder I. C. Whoever takes up said horse and thief shall have Fifty Dollars reward, or for the horse Twenty Dollars, paid by me
THOMAS NORRIS.
July 12, 1778.
STRAYED away on the 30th day of May last> from Garret Lane, living in Somerset county, in the township of Bed- minster, about half a mile from Lammonton meeting- house, a brindle cow with her horns saw'd off, marked on the off ear with a crop and slit; a brindle yearling heifer-calf, marke^ the same as the other ; two dark brown stears, three years old, white faces, one (?f them has a piece of his tail off, no brand or ear mark ; two two years old heifers, upon the yellow reddish colour, both have a white spot in their foreheads, marked on the near ear with a crop, and half -penny in the off ear; two yearling calves, one of them brown with a white face, the other red and white, and a white spot in the face, marked on the near ear with a crop, and a half-penny in the off ear. Whoever takes up the said cattle and secures them, so that the owner may have them, shall receive Ten Dollars reward and all reasonable charges, paid by me
GARRET LANE.
July 6, 1778.
PUBLIC notice is hereby given to all those wrho have any demands against the estate of Daniel Bray, late of Middle- sex county, deceased, that they are desired to make appli- cation to the subscriber, who will discharge all accounts properly attested : and all those who are indebted to said estate on book-account, together with those whose interest
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 303
are due on bonds and notes, are requested to adjust the same speedily, that the executors may be enabled to effect a settlement of said estate shortly.
JOHN BRAY, Executor ;
Who has for sale, in company with Capt. Thorn-Jones in Lebanon township, at as low a rate as the present times will admit of; best bohea tea, hyson ditto, muscovado sugar, linens, French stripes, double camblet, barrM cam- blette, Russia drilling, gingham, black and white Barce- lona handkerchiefs, silk gauze ditto with flowered borders, saddlers fringe, wristband tape:, pins, needles, writing paper, indigo, snuff, deer skins, gold wash'd coat buttons, basket coat and vest ditto, silk umbrellas, men's white kidd gloves, &c. &c. June 15.
WAS taken up by the subscriber, living in New-German- town, a grey HORSE, having neither mark nor brand, is about 13 or 14 hands high, and seven years old. Whoever proves their property and pays charges, may have said horse by applying to
JONATHAN TOMS.
May 24, 1778. — New Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 32, July 15, 1778.
Extracts of Letters from Camp.
Camp, July 2, 1778.
UI sincerely congratulate you on the signal success of our anus on the fields of Monmouth, the 28th ult. — Had matters been conducted that morning agreeable to the system for attack, it is more than probable that the whole army would have fallen. Every thing was in fine train — Their men fatigued — murmuring, and in state of uncer- tainty as to their destination — with their leader much alarmed and discouraged by uncommon desertion. An
304 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
enquiry is now on foot into the cause of the advance* I corps recoiling.
"I am happy to have it in my power to mention the merit of Col. Hamilton. He was incessant in his endeav- ors during the whole day, in recoimoitering the enemy, and in rallying and charging; but whether he, or Col. Laurens, deserves most of our commendations, is some- what doubtful — both had their horses shot under them, and both exhibited singular proofs of bravery. They seemed to court death under our doubtful circumstances, and triumphed qver it as the face of war changed in our favour. Independent of any prejudice I may have con- ceived for Col. Laurens, in consequence of his virtues, I cannot -but speak of him in terms of the highest military deserving. Colonels Fitzgerald and Mead also claim the greatest encomiums^: The former received a slight contu- sion. Even the Secretaries caught the general contagion, and by putting themselves in places of danger, shared some of the honours of the day. I wish I could do justice to his Excellency; but you have, doubtless, heard of his conduct and the singular talents which he unfolded, with the effects they produced in the completion of the combat ee'r this."
Camp, July 5, 1778.
''In consequence of some flying rumors on the 28th ult. that the advanced corps was retreating, the General rode forward, and found the troops retiring in disorder, and the enemy pressing upon their rear. I never saw his ex- cellencv to so much advantage ; his coolness and firmness
*j O J
were admirable. He instantly took measures for checking the enemy's advance, and giving time for the army, which was very near, to form and make a proper disposition. He then rode back, and had the troops formed on a very advantageous piece of ground, in which and in other trans- action of the day, General Greene and Lord Stirling ren- dered very essential service, and did themselves great honour. The sequel is, we beat the enemy, and killed and
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 305
wounded at least 1,000 of their best troops. America owes a great deal to General Washington for this day's work — a general rout, disniav and disgrace would have attended
o / »/ o
the whole army in any other hands but his — By his own good sense and fortitude he turned the fate of the day. Other officers have great merit in performing their parts well ; but he directed the whole with the skill of a master workman. He, by his own presence, brought order out of confusion, animated his troops, and led them tp success.
"A great number of my brother officers distinguished themselves this day. General Wayne was always foremost in danger — Col. Stewart and Lieut. Col. Ramsay were with him among the first to oppose the enemy; — Lieut. Col. Obrey, at the head of Vernum's brigade, made the next stand — Col. Hamilton was with him, got his horse wounded and himself much hurt by a fall in consequence. Col. Livingston behaved very handsomely — Our friend, Lieut. Col. Barber, was remarkably active — towards the close of the day he received a ball through his side, which the Doctors think will not be fatal — Col. Silby and Lieut. Col. Parker were particularly useful on the left, Col. Craig, with Gen. Wayne on the right — The artillery ac- quitted themselves most charmingly — I was spectator of Lieut. Col. Oswald's behaviour, who kept up a gallant fire from some pieces commanded by him uncovered and un- supported.
"In short, one can hardly name particulars without doing injustice to the rest. The behaviour of the officers and men in general was such as could not easily be sur- passed. Our troops, after the first empulse, behaved with more spirit, and moved with greater order than the British troops. You know my way of thinking about our army, and that I am not apt to flatter it. I assure you I never was so pleased with it before this day. The General's family behaved well. — Col. Fitzgerald had a slight con- tusion with a musket ball, and Col. Laurens another, and his horse shot under him. Col. Hamilton, as I mentioned
20
306 \K\V .IKRSKY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
before, had his horse wounded in the first part of the action. If the rest escaped, it is only to be ascribed to better fortune, not more prudence in keeping out of the way." — The Pennsylvania Packet, July 16th., 1778.
New- York, July 20. Lord Stirling is President of the Court Martial at the Tryal of General Lee, which was not ended last Wednesday.
General Conway was not killed by Colonel Cadwallader as mentioned in our last. He was wounded in the upper Lip near his Nose. Cut was in a fair way of Recovery.
The following Paragraph came too late for last Week's Paper.
The 18th of June, when the Rear of the British Army attacked the Rebel Army in the Heights of Freehold ; the spirited Charge of* the Light Horse will ever do them Honour : Attacking the Front of their first Line, covered by a Battery of 6 Pieces of Cannon playing alternately Round and Grape Shot. The 1st Battalion of British Guards, while covering the Charge of the Light Cavalry, received the Fire from the Ambuscade on their Right from the Wood at 20 Yards Distance ; being then ordered to charge through the Wood, in the Line of Fire, with Bayonets; the Light Horse proceeded with their wonted Ardour till the Rear Battalions came up to their Support. The incessant and allert Fire of the British Artillery, can't be too much commended the Day of Action at Free- hold: The Battalion Guns of the Guards, with the two 12 Pounders, covered the Troops after the Charge through the Wood, Morass, and Field in Front of the second Wood, where they were ordered to halt, spent with Heat, Thirst and Fatigue. The Fire was so well kept up, that they ex- pended from Eighty to Ninety Rounds in a short Period, while the Remains of the advanced Corps of the Enemy, were falling back on their second Line. Several of the 1st Battalion of Guards, and the two Companies of British Grenadiers of the 1st Battalion that made the Charge with
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 307
Bayonets through the Wood at Freehold, had narrow Escapes from the Enemy's Riflemen that lurked in the Under-wood ; throughout the Wood scarce a Bush that had not a Fellow under it, whose Fire directed the British Bayonet to prevent the further Molestation of the Royal Army. Sir John Wrottlesley commanding the first Com- pany of the 1st Battalion of Guards, was grazed on the Xeck with a Buck Shot, and the Hon. Lieut. Col. Gordon, commanding the second Company had his Bayonet shot off from his Fusee, and afterwards by a Rifleman in the Wood, was shot through his Coat under his Left Breast, without Hurt to his Side or Arm. 'Tis supposed that of several Hundreds that lay in the Wood, besides the 300 under the Command of Col. Parker of Virginia, (that formed the Ambuscade) that scarce twenty escaped alive. Col. Parker was wounded in three Places, and died in the Woods: Lieut, Col Ramsey wounded in two Places, and taken Prisoner. Five Officers, by Appearance For- eigners, were bayoneted in the Wood. Seventeen Pris- oners only were taken, eight of whom were run through with Bayonets, and mostly died e're the Rear moved off the Ground to proceed on their March; which, after the Cannon moved off, was covered by the 33d Regiment of Infantry ; the steady Behaviour of which Corps, on this Occasion, will always add to their fromer Reputation. The Commander in Chief exposed himself much, giving in the Front of the Attack, most of the Orders in Person, continually riding in the Line of Fire from Right to Left, during the whole Time the Affair lasted.
We have the Pleasure to understand, by last Accounts from Freehold, that the four wounded Officers of the Royal Army left with the Soldiery, the Flag, and Sur- geons, are as well as can be expected, and are treated in a Manner that does much Honour to the American Gen- tlemen, whose Protection and Care they are under.
The French Fleet under the Command of the Count D'Estaing, continues to lay off Sandy Hook, about 8
308 NK\V .IKKSKY l.\ THE REVOLUTION. [17 .x
Miles from the Lig'ht House, and since our last we hear he has taken ten Prizes.
\W hear that a French Hospital is opened at Middle- town in New-Jersey, for the Reception of such sick Sea- men as may be sent from the Count D'Estaing's Squadron. — yew-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, July 20, 177s.
.To he SOUD, a complete set of SALT WORKS at Great Egg harbour, consisting of four large PANS and several Kettles, supposed to contain three or four thousand 'gal- lons, together with the buildings, salt-house, drying-house, dwelling house, and stables ; a team of horses, an ox ditto, and two milch cows. The whole will be sold together or separate, as will best suit the purchaser. Any person inclining to purchase may apply to FRAZER KINSLEY, at Great Egg Harbour,' or to PETER JANUARY in Philadelphia. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, July 21, 1778.
To be SOLD by PUBLIC VENDUE, on Tuesday the 28th. instant, at the forks of Little Egg-Harbour, the following Vessels and their Cargoes, viz.
BRIG Industry, burthen about one hundred and fifty tons, with her tackle, &c. per inventory, and cargo con- sisting of 1700 bushels of best Turks-Island salt: The sloop Speedwell, burthen fifty tons, and her cargo con- sisting of sixty tierces of rice and several hogshead^ of tobacco: The Polly's Adventure, a sloop of about thirty tons burthen, and her cargo consisting of one hundred and sixty barrels of flour.
The above vessels are compleatly sound and ready for sea. It is expected the money will be paid on delivery of vessels or cargoes.
JOSEPH BALL.1 NATHANIEL NICHOLS. — The Pennsylvania Packet, July 21, 1778.
'For sketch of Ball see .\< /' .f< i-m-i/ Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 559.
1 i 78] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 309
To be sold by the subscriber, near Kingston, in Mid- dlesex county, a very good four bourse TEAM. The price nine hundred dollars. It is now entered in the service at Trenton for six months, and offered to sell for no other reason than the want of a driver.
ROBERT PETTE.
TAKEN out of Isaac Crane's pasture, at Turkey, in Es- sex county, a Horse of a red roan colour, six or seven years old, fourteen hands high, trots and paces. Whoever takes up said horse, is desired to apply immediately to the sub- scriber, and shall have Fifteen Dollars reward, and reason- able charges.
June 15. ISAAC CRANE.
SIXTEEN DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen, from the subscriber, living in Eng- lish-Town, the morning the army marched for Brunswick, a chestnut sorrel Horse, five or six years old, about four- teen hands and one inch high, branded with 36 on the near shoulder and thigh, a natural trotter ; it is not certain but the same brand may be on the off side also. Whoever secures said horse that the owner may get him again, shall have the above reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by
MARGARET TINNEY.
English-Town, July 5. 1778.
i
LOST the morning of the action near Monmouth Court- house, a Pistol, brass mounted, the barrel about six inches long, marked on the lock GABBITAS. Whoever delivers said pistol to Col. Hyer, in Princeton, shall be well rewarded.
LEFT on the plantation of David Chambers, in Amwell, Hunterdon county, a black STEAR. The owner is desired to pay the expence, and take him away. July 12.
310 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
LOST between Princeton and Beverwiek, eight miles from Morris-town, a dress Sword, the hilt chased work and of solid silver, a red belt with swivels, one half of the shell broken off. Whoever will leave said sword with Mr. Lott, at Beverwick, or Mrs. Livingston, at Princeton, shall re- ceive Ten Dollars reward. July 10, 1778.
STOLEN out of the stable of the subscriber, at Baptist- Town, the night of the 5th inst. (June) a bay STALLION, about 14 hands high, well made, and in good order ; paces, trots and canters, and carries well, with two white feet, one the near hind foot, the other the off fore foot. Who- ever takes up the said horse and thief, so that the man be brought to justice and owner have his horse, shall receive a reward of One Hundred and Fifty Dollars, or One Hun- dred Dollars for the horse only, and all reasonable charges, paid by me
JOHN CAMPBLE.
LONDON, March 9.
March 16. Mr. Livingston, Governor of the Jerseys, in a speech he made to the Assembly of that Province, gave a true description of the majority in certain Houses. He said, "they were a pensioned confederacy against vir- tue, and liberty, and patriotism, and the rights of man : to exalt the most profligate, and debase the most virtuous." Candor and impartiality must allow, that it is now almost impossible for an honest man to thrive in this country.1
1 This comment shows that a strong pro-American spirit was current in the liberal London newspapers of the time.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTEACTS. 311
TRENTON, JULY 22.
Extract of a letter from Elizabeth-Town, dated July 14, 1778.
"Lord Howe has stripped the British transports, &c. at
New-York of their seamen, and took on board two or three
thousand soldiers to complete their marines, and fell down
, to the Hook with the whole of his ships of force. — Gen.
Maxwell's brigade is stationed here."
We are informed that the French fleet are drawn up in a line just without Sandy-Hook, so as to prevent even a pilot-boat from getting out of New York harbour ; that the East River is also blocked up by two Erench seventy- fours ; that General Washington, with the grand Ameri- can army, crossed the North River last week, and will unite with General Gates above Kingsbridge. — Thus are the enemies of America surrounded on all sides, by the forces of the Magnanimous and Most Christian King, and the virtuous citizens of America. It is therefore more than probable that the destruction which the emissaries of Britain had concerted for the free -and independent sons of America, will, ere long, fall with tenfold misery on their own heads.
Since our last a number of American prisoners, being lately exchanged, arrived here from New York. They left that place on Thursday last, and report, that the Brit- ish army, as well as citizens, are under great apprehen- sions on the appearance of the want of bread in that city, it being very scarce already.
We hear that most of the British troops that were on Staten-Island have evacuated that place, in order to strengthen the posts at and near Kingsbridge, to which place they are moving a number of heavv"cannon.
It is confidently said, that some of the French fleet have
NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. •"'"
taken, within ten days past, off Sandy Hook, a frigate and fifteen sail of other British vessels, some of the latter are valuable prizes.
Sunday and Monday last about one hundred recruits, enlisted during the war, passed through this town on their way to camp.
We hear that at the Court of Oyer and Terminer and General Gaol Delivery held at Momnouth, in June last, the following persons were tried and found guilty of bur- glary, viz. Thomas Emmons alias Burk, John Wood, Michael Millery, William Dillon and Eobert M'Mullen; the two former were executed on Friday last, and the other three were reprieved. At the same time Ezekiel Forman, John Polhemus and William Grover were tried for and convicted of high treason, who, it is said, are to be executed on the 18th of August next,1
THE subscribers being, by act of the General Assembly passed the twenty-second day of June last, appointed <° Committee to collect, adjust and settle the publick ac- counts, do, pursuant to the powers and directions to them given, inform all concerned, that they have opened an office at Princeton, in the county of Somerset, where they, or a quorum of them, as prescribed in the said act, propose to attend in the recess of the legislature to transact the business of their appointment. All persons who have been entrusted with publick monies, have demands upon the State, or are otherwise interested in any publick ac- counts unsettled, are desired to have a state of the same, with the papers, documents and vouchers of every kind relative thereto, in readiness ; that they may attend im- mediately, upon notice being given for that purpose.
The Paymasters of the militia whose accounts, either in whole or in part, remain unsettled, are desired to pre-
1 For particular accounts of these individuals see "Early Dutch Settlers of Monmouth County," George C. Beekman : "Old Times in Old Mon- mouth," Edwin Salter and George C. Beekman.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 313
pare them, and attend without delay, that they may be examined, liquidated and reported.
All county and town Committees, who have at any time received or disbursed monies on account of the pub- lick, are desired to pay attention to this advertisement.
The utmost care must be taken that every particular charge and disbursement be supported by full and explicit vouchers; as none but those which are so supported can be allowed.
SILAS CONDICT, WILLIAM CH. HOUSTON,
Princeton., July JAMES MOTT, Junior.
15, 1778.
THE publick are requested to be cautious about pur- chasing or receiving bank notes or tickets from strangers, disaffected or straggling persons, numbers having fell into the hands of the enemy in their passing thro' this State; which it's probable will be renewed again. The most of those that were lost are payable to John Coxe or bearer, and some to Brigadier General David Forman or bearer. — And if any should be offered by any of the above described persons for sale, the publick are desired to detain them until it can be made appear they came lawfully by them. If any person or persons should meet with any such bank notes as they may suspect have been in the hands of the enemy, and will detain and transmit an account thereof to the Printer of this paper, the favour will be gratefully acknowledged by an unfortunate sufferer, and they satis- fied for their trouble by calling on the Printer. The managers of the United States Lottery are requested not to pay any prize or prizes that may have been drawn by- the numbers 1952, 1953, the tickets having unfortunately fell into the hands of the enemy.
THE best American made WOOL-CARDS, to be sold by James Cox, near Imlay's-Town.
314 NEW JEESEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
TEN DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen out of a pasture near English-Town, on the morning of the battle at Freehold, a brownish bay HORSE, about 14 hands high, nine years old, has a little white round the fetlocks of both his hind feet. Whoever takes up said horse and returns him to the subscriber at Princeton, shall receive the above reward and all reason- able charges, paid by
THOMAS WIGGINS.
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
WAS STOLEN out of a pasture on the 30th of June, a bay HORSE about W hands 3 inches high, neither brand nor ear mark; has a pretty thick main and tail, paces, trots and gallops; is a very good chair-horse, but goes a little rough to ride. Whoever . takes up the horse and thief, and he be thereof convicted, shall have the above reward, or Ten Dollars for the horse only.
WM. CLEAYTON.
Trenton, July 21, 1778.
PETER CROLITJS Has for SALE at his STORE in Trenton,
TEA, sugar, coffee, chocolate, indigo, snuff, nutmegs, pepper; chintzes, calicoes, black calimancoes, flowered aprons, lawns, cambricks, gauze, catgut, skeleton wires, sattin pelongs, corded dimitty, Barcelona handkerchiefs of different colours, and many other articles to be sold for cash or country produce.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 315
TO BE SOLD,
AT publiok vendue, at the house of Richard Wescott, Esq. at the Forks of Great-Egg-Harbour, on Tuesday the 28th day of July instant, between the hours of twelve and five, the following VESSELS, to wit, the brigantine Industry, sloop Dispatch, and sloop Molly's Adventure: And on the day following, between the hours of ten and five, the sloop Canester, brigantine Carolina Packet, brig- antine Prince Frederick, brigantine Speedwell, sloop Jenny, and the schooner Bachelor, with their respective tackle, apparel and furniture, by
JOHN STOKES,
July 20, 1778. Marshall.
TO BE SOLD.
AT Cohaiisey-Bridge,1 on Saturday the first day of Au- gust next, between the hours of twelve and five, the SLOOP SALLY, with her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo, by
JOHN STOKES, Marshall.
To all whom it may concern :
'New Jersey, ss. NOTICE is hereby given, that a Court of Admiralty will be held at the house of ZachariaJi Rossel in Mountholly, on Wednesday the fifth day of August next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon of the same day, then and there to try the truth of the facts al- ledged in the bills of Timothy Shaler, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Speedwell, lately com- manded by Charles Ellis: Of Samuel Ingersoll, (who as well, &c.) against the schooner or vessel called the Lovely Nancy, lately commanded by William Moore; the sloop
1 Bridgeton, Cumberland county.
316 M-:W JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [17 i>
or vessel ealled the Betsy, lately commanded by Arthur Harper; the schooner or vessel called the Molly, lately commanded by Joseph Pearson ; the sloop or vessel called the Alexanderine, lately commanded by John M'Neal : and the vessel called the Sun, supposed to be a dogger, lately commanded by one Garland: Of Abraham Boys, (who as well, &c. ) against the sloop or vessel called the Chance, lately commanded by James Neill, and the sloop or vessel called the Elizabeth, lately commanded by John Stedham : Of Joseph Wade, (who as well, &c. ) against the sloop or vessel called the Duck ; and the sloop or vessel called the Betsy; with their respective tackle, apparel, furniture and cargoes: To the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said vessels respectively, or any person or persons concerned therein, may appear and shew cause, if any they have, why the said vessels and their respective cargoes should not be condemned according to the prayer of the said bills.
By order of the Judge, July 15, 177S. BOWES REED, Pro Reg.
To be sold a TRACT of LAND, situated in Salem county, New-Jersey, adjoining the town of Salem, containing about fourteen hundred acres, which, for the extreme fer- tility of the soil, value of timber, quantity of excellent meadow, and conveniency of water carriage, is perhaps equal to any tract of land in Xew-Jersey. The above- mentioned tract of land is divided into five plantations, all of them subject to leases of improvement, which will expire in three years from the twenty-fifth day of March next. Each plantation will contain at least eighty acres of arable land lately cleared, besides a sufficient quantity of Avood-land and meadow, and each accomodated with a frame or log dwelling-house, and three of them with new barns, besides other out-houses. Adjoining to one of these farms is a swamp, containing about eighty acres, of ex- cellent bottom, covered with a great quantity of white oak
1778 I NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 317
and other valuable timber. The aforesaid tract of land will either be sold all together, or in separate lots, to suit the purchaser or purchasers, as may be most convenient. Any person or persons inclining to view the premises, may apply to John Carey, Esq. attorney at law, or Henry Luimnis, both living near the premises ; and for further particulars apply to the subscriber in Philadelphia.
BENJAMIN WYNKOOP.
SIXTY DOT-LARS REWARD.
STOLEN the 12th of June last at night, out of the stable of James Jolly, in Lower Makefield, Bucks County, State of Pennsylvania, a BAY HORSE-COLT, rising three years old July 28th, had but one stone down, some white hairs in his forehead, about 14 hands high, is 'very long made, has a fine neck, lofty carriage, and trots all ; nearly full blooded. Said colt is supposed to be stolen by Samuel Burrows son of John Burrows, of Upper Makefield, who was seen with him at Philadelphia amongst the British troops, and offering him for sale : Said thief is a lad about 19 years of age, dark complexion, slim made, and about five feet eight or nine inches high.
Whoever will secure said colt and bring him to the sub- scriber, or secures him so that he may be got again, and giving proper notice thereof, shall be entitled to the above reward; and for the thief an addition of Forty Dollars, paid by
JOHN CORYELL, at Coryell's Ferry.
July 20, 1778. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 33, 1778.
318 -NKW JERSEY IN THE EKVoI.l TION. [1778
Extract of a letter to a gentleman in Philadelphia from Iii ft friend in Elizabeth Town, dated July 18, 177>.
"If the French fleet should preserve its present station, a famine must, I think (and very soon) ensue in the enemy's army, as all their supplies must be cut off. Xoth- ing but rice, instead of bread or flour, has been dealt out to the soldiery since their arrival in New York. A loaf of bread that used to cost 4d. now sells in the city for a dollar. In short, it appears to me, not at all impossible, that if they should be thus kept hem'd in on the sea and land side, they will be reduced to the necessity of sur- rendering the city in less than a month, without any enterprize of General Washington against them." — The Pennsylvania Packet, July 25th, 1778.
Philadelphia, July 18. Yesterday a severe cannonade was heard by many people, supposed to be between our good allies and the British fleet at Sandy-Hook.
New- York, July 27. Wednesday last the Toulon Squad- ron under the Command of the Count D'Estaing, that had been off Sandy Hook since the llth Instant, got under Way, and stood out to Sea, supposed to be bound to the Delaware for Water, being much in Want of that Article.1
Since their Arrival off the Hook they have taken about 20 Sail of Vessels, mostly West-India Men, and some Prizes; among them are Lieut. Whiteworth, in the Stan- ley, with 4 Prizes, a letter of Marque Brig with 3 Prizes, a Ship, and several armed Brigs, Sloops, and Schooners, from Barbadoes.
When the Count D'Estaing got under Way last Wed- nesday, he stood in directly for the Hook, and was not more than two Miles from the Light-House, when he
1 Water was secured at Cape Henlopen, near Lewes, or at Cape Island, now Cape May City.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 319
plainly discovered the very judicious Arrangement of Lord Howe's Squadron, 011 Sight of which he thought it most prudent to tack about.
The following is a List of the Toulon Fleet that lay off Sandy-Hook, under the Command of the Count D'Estaing.
Ships. Commanders. Guns. Men.
Le Languedoc, D'Estaing, 94 1160
Le Tounant, Bougainville, 80 1100
Le Cesar, Le Brave, 74 900
Le Hector, Moliere, 74 900
Le Guerrier, 74 900
Le Protecteur, 74 900
Le Marseilles, 74 900
Le Lele, 74 900
Le Vaillant, Du Lubin, 64 700
La Provence, 64 700
Le Fantasque, 64 700
Le Sagittaire, 54 500
L'Engagient, 26 300
La Chimere, 26 300
Le Clement, 26 300
Three Ships, Names unknown, ordered to the Delaware.
The Tryon1 Letter of Marque, Captain Sibbles, of this Port, was outside Sandy Hook when the French Fleet made their Appearance, and was chased by one of their Frigates, but fortunately outsailing -her, escaped.
The Letter of Marque Ship Rose, Capt. James Duncan, was met on the 6th inst, by a French Frigate of 32 Guns, with 300 Men, and, after an Engagement of 6 Hours
1 This vessel was named fcr William Tryon, for nearly seven years Colonial Governor of New York. He came to America in 1764 as Lieu- tenant-Governor of North Carolina, and was made Governor of New York in July, 1771. He was greatly detested for many cruel acts. Governor Tryon resigned March, 1778, returning to England, where, in 1782, he was made a Lieutenant-General of the British army. He died in 1788. — Manuscript of the late William 8. Stryker.
320 NEW JERSEY IN THE KEY< U.VTJOX.
and a Quarter, was forced to yield ; the Action was fought in the Presence of 12 Sail of the Line and 5 Frigates, commanded by the Compte D'Estaing, who were at 4 Miles Distance, and could not, on Account of little or no Wind, get nearer. When the Attack commenced, the Rose had 60 Men on board, eight of which yere sick and unfit for Duty, and when she struck, had 44 left ; the Bravery of the Men and officers, beyond Description, was ap- plauded by. more than Ten Thousand of their Enemies, Spectators of the Event. The firm Caladonian fought his Ship till she sunk; several of his Officers were killed, himself wounded, and his first lieutenant dangerously so, his Life being dispaired of.
Two Schooners, one of them from France, the other from South Carolina, that were taken by the Active Letter of Marque, Capt. ^Powell, are retaken and carried into Egg-Harbour,
About 800 British and Hessian Prisoners arrived here from Xew-Jersey and Connecticut since our last. The same Xumber of Americans are to be sent out in their Room.
Major Moncrieff and Col. Billop of Staten-Island, who have been lately made Prisoners by the Enemy, have been liberated, and are returned to their respective Homes.
We are told that General Washington, Lord Sterling, General Green, &c &c. are now attending General Lee's Court Marshal at Peek's Kill, it having been removed to that Place from Morris Town.
The French Fleet, under the Command of the Count D'Estaing was seen off the Capes of Delaware last Fri- day Evening. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, July 27, 1778.
Stolen out of the pasture of the subscriber in L'pper Freehold, near Allentown, Monmouth county, the night of the 27th. inst. (July) a brown MARE, six years old, a star in her forehead, a little better than fourteen hands high, and a natural trotter.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 321
Also a black HORSE, seven years old, a small star in his forehead, both hind feet white, his off eye a little wall, and a natural trotter. Whoever takes up and secures them, so that the owner gets them again, and the thief brought to justice, shall have Ninety Dollars, or Forty for the horse and mare only, and reasonable charges.
ZEBULON ROBINS. —The Pennsylvania Evening Post, July 28, 1778.
BOSTON, July 17.
By a gentleman late from Halifax, we learn, that two regiments of foreign troops (whom the British commander did not wish to trust through the Jerseys) with a large quantity of heavy artillery, has arrived there from Phila- delphia.
FISH-KILL JULY 23
A large drove of cattle are sent to Shrewsbury, in order to supply the fleet at Sandy Hook.
PHILADELPHIA JULY 23
It is said that a considerable body of the Indians and tories, who destroyed the settlement at Wioming, have crossed the country and attacked a settlement at Cushictun on the Delaware river.
TRENTON, JULY 29.
Extract of a letter from camp, at North-Castle., dated July 21, 1778.
"The army has at length joined the troops under General Gates, and are encamped at this place, a few miles from
21
.'!L'L' NEW J HUSKY I.N TIIK K KVO I.rTLON . [1^~^
White Plains. How long we shall continue here is uncer- tain, but I hope we shall soon move down towards Kiim- bridge, and add to terrors and distress which is said to reign amongst the enemy's troops and the numerous tribe of tories which is collected in Xew-York from all parts of America. Deserters who come out to us daily, say that their army is already distressed for want of flour, but they look for relief from the Cork fleet, which is expected in daily: But this I hope will fall in the hands of the French fleet, which now lies at the Hook braving the British flag, which once waved in triumph along the coasts of France."
Since our last, about 40 recruits, light dragoons be- longing to Col. Eland's regiment, arrived here from Vir- ginia, on their way to camp.
Yesterday about 60 continental troops, being discharged from the hospital here, marched for camp, to join their respective, corps.
IT having been represented to me, that a number of persons in the county of Monmouth, having erected salt- works on Barnegat Bay, and other waters adjacent to the sea shore, make use of the wood in the vacant lands of the General Proprietors of East Xew- Jersey, for carrying on the said salt-works: — It having been likewise repre- sented, that those persons, or most of them, have declared their intentions to purchase the right to the said lands, whenever they had an opportunity of so doing: — And it appearing to me that it would be for the interests of the said General Proprietors to make a sale thereof; which cannot be done without a meeting of the said General Proprietors: I DO therefore, in consequence of a request to me, made by a sufficient number of the said Proprietors, ''That I should call a special meeting of the Board," give this PUBLIC NOTICE, That Tuesday, the eleventh day of A uyust next, is appointed for a meeting of the said Pro-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 323
prietors in council, at the court-house in Freehold, in the county of Monmouth, then and there to take the premises into consideration ; and the day following to dispose of, at public sale, such parcel or parcels of rights to be located on vacant lands, convenient and adjacent to the said salt- works, as may then and there appear to the Board to be necessary. — Of -which all persons concerned are desired to take notice, and govern themselves accordingly.
(ilcen under my hand, at Bethlehem, in the county of II nnterdon, this 24£/i day of July, 1778.
JAMES PARKER, President.1
To be sold, by George Douglass, at Point Breeze,2 near Bordentown, WOOL CARDS by the dozen or single pair; KRKNCII BRANDY in hogsheads and kegs; black BARCELONA ITAXDERCHIEFS; BOHEA TEA; ozNABRiGs, and grass
SCYTIIKS. .
July, 1778.
1 James Parker was a Captain in the provincial service, 1746, on the northern frontier. After this campaign he settled in New York City and then removed to Amboy. Here he became a Councillor to the Colonial Governor. Mayor of Amboy, and in April, 1775, he was elected a delegate to the New Jersey Provincial Congress. This body he, however, did not attend, but removed to Bethlehem, Hunterdon county, where he remained until the war was over. He then returned to his estate at Amboy. He was confined at Morristown for some time, for supposed loyalty to the crown, but, retaining a strict neutrality, he was soon released and his property escaped confiscation. He died October 4th, 1707, at the age of 72. — Whitehead's Early History of Perth Amboy, p. 133; Manuscript of the late William 8. Stry'ker.
- Point Breeze, near the mouth of Crosswicks creek, was in part located by Thomas Parnsworth in 1681. and by the Farnsworths sold to Joseph Borden, for whom Bordentown was named. Thence the property passed to Joseph Douglass and to his son George. In 1792 George Douglass made an assignment to Abraham Hunt, of Trenton, merchant, from whom the land passed under the control of Stephen Sayre, formerly high sheriff of the city of London. In 1816 Joseph Bonap'arte, brother of Napoleon, having been deposed" as King of Spain, acquired title to Point Breeze, which he held until 1844. residing upon the property and beautifying it. I'ntil 1848 the home of Joseph Bonaparte was occupied by his grandson, Count De Musignano. In 1850 Henry Becket, British consul in Phila- delphia, purchased Point Breeze. At the present time (1903) the prop- erty is in the possession of the priests of the congregation of the mission of St. Vincent de Paul.
324
NEW JERSEY IX TIIK REVOLUTION.
| L778
A quantity of the following capital MEDICINES, &c.
TO BE SOLD cheap for cash, at the Printing-Office in Trenton, viz.
JESUIT'S Bark,1 . Jalap, Rhubarb, Epsom's Salts,
Sal. Nitre, Gum Manna, Fol. Sennse Glister Pipes.
ALSO
WRITING PAPER by the . Ream or Quire.
STKAYED or stolen, from the subscriber, at Morris- town, a large HORSE, near fifteen hands high, between a light brown and sorrel colour, his mane thin, and has a curl in his tail; the owner having had him but a short time, cannot describe his brand, is supposed to be about seven years old. Whoever takes up said horse, and secures him so that the owner can get him again, shall have Twenty Dollars reward, and all reasonable charges. — Also taken up by the subscriber, a black HORSE, near fourteen hands high, supposed to be about twelve years old, a natural trotter, was shod all round, not branded. The owner, by proving property and paying charges, may have him again, by application at Morris-town, per
JOHN VAN COURT.
July 16, 1778.
1 Quinine.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 325
XOTICE is hereby given to JOHN KLINE, tanner, living at or near Albany, owner of the Spottswood paper mill, that the subscriber does not intend to keep the said paper mill longer than three months from this day, as the said mill stood still for nine months in a year, on account of the war, and will be so as long as the war lasts: The subscriber therefore desires the said John Kline will come and see to settle about the mill.
WILLIAM SHAFFER^
July 24, 1778.
LOST by Col. Lindsly on the ground at Monmouth, in the action of the 28th of June, a light coloured bay MARE, near 15 hands high, a small star in her forehead, three of her feet mostly white, paces and trots, is branded with a 9 on the left shoulder, shod all round, is 5 or. 6 years old, has a bright eye and good courage. Whoever will deliver said mare to the subscriber living near Morris- town, shall have TWENTY DOLLARS reward and all reason- able charges paid by
ELEAZER LINDSLEY.1
WAS stolen out of the house of JOSEPH CLUNN, in Trenton, on Wednesday the 22d of this instant, Nine
E
Silver Tea-spoons, five of which are marked I C, the other four marked E I. Any person finding said spoons and will secure them so that the owner may have them again, shall receive ONE DOLLAR for each spoon, and six DOLLARS for the thief, paid by
jos. CLUNN, Captain.2
July 27, 1778.
1 Second Major and Lieutenant-Colonel of the Eastern Battalion of Morris coirnty. In the Continental line he was Lieutenant-Colonel of Spencer's Regiment.
- Knsign, Captain Tucker's Company, First Regiment. Hunterdon, June 19th. 1776 ; Second Lieutenant, ditto, May 10th, 1777. Captain in said regiment and State troops.
.\F.\V .1 KI.'SKY IX T11K I.'KVOI.I'TIOX.
| 1778
TO BK SOLD
By Gerardus Duyckinck,
At MORRK-TOWX, \C\V-. Ici'x-V.
A variety of japanned ware A large assortment of paper
hangings
Carpeting, hat linings A variety of 'watchmakers
articles Mahogany tea chests, cruet
stands, waiters and trays A quantity of can-away and
anniseed for distillers Sago, salop, bismuth Spelter, grain gin Turkey oil-stones Madder, annato Aleppo gauls.
A Complete assortment of
chymical and galenical
medicines. — Also A general assortment of
patent medicines. Instruments, lancets, and a
variety of lancet cases Painter's, limner's and
dyer's colours Oils and varnish Window-glass, china A large assortm. of white
flint glass ware, decanters,
wine glasses, &c. An assortment of jeweller's
stones A complete assortment of
pictures and looking- glasses
Should it be found convenient to barter on equal ex- change by any person for any of the above-mentioned, the under-mentioned is wanted, and would be found agreeable, viz. Camphire, Pulv. Rhei. Calomel, Opium. Canthred. Gum Amman, and Myrrh, Flour Sulphur, Ung. Mercurial, Epsom's or Glauber's Salts.
X. B. Painter's, limner's and dyer's colours, and win- dow-glass, will not be sold for cash, but bartered for country produce, gammons, wheat, flour, linen, *.V<-.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 327
Sixty Dollars Reward.
WAS stolen out of the pasture of the subscriber, in Lower ^lakefield, Bucks county, in the night of the 6th of August last, a brown mare, fourteen hands and an half high, un- commonly broad and heavy, paces and trots, twelve years old, supposed to be with foal when stolen. A certain Georf/c Kelly is susj>ected to be the thief; he is about fifty years old, five feet ten inches high, a full-mouthed rough- looking fellow. Whoever secures said mare and thief, so that the owner may have his mare, and the thief brought to justice, shall have the above reward, or forty dollars for the mare only, by applying to Joshua Anderson, Esq. of Bucks county, Captain William Tucker,1 of Trenton, or to the subscriber.
JAMES WINDER.2
July 23, 1778.
ALL persons having any demands on the estate of Thomas Pollock, Esq. deceased, of Elizabethtown, late of North Carolina; are desired to send in their accounts, and those, who are indebted to said estate, are requested to make payment to UNICE POLLOCK,S Executrix, JOHN BLANCIIARD, Executor at Elizabethtown, or CHRISTOPHER NEAL, Esq. .Executor at Newborn in North-Carolina.
July 20/fe, 1778.
OGDEN AND CURTIS,
HAVE for SALE at their shop, next door to the Court- house in Morristown, green tea, coffee, choice snuff in bladders, indigo by the cask or smaller quantity, and some dry goods. They have no objection against taking money of the state of New-York.
Morristown, July Wth, 1778.
'Captain. First Regiment, Himterdon, June 19th, 1776; also, Captain, Second Regiment. Hunterdon.
- See the "Winders of America." by K. Winder Johnson. 3 Wife of Thomas. Married 1764.
528 NEW .IKK SKY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
TEX DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or STOLEN out of a pasture at Elizabethtown, on Sunday night 12th instant^ a brown ridgling horse with a blaze in his face, upwards of 14 hands high, old shoes on before. Whoever secures the horse, so that the owner may have him again, or leaves him with either Minnie Voorheese1 at Xew-Brunswick, Ralph Marsh near Quibbletown, or Jacob Dunn at Scotch Plains, shall receive the above reward and all reasonable charges.
HENRY LUSE, Capt. 2d Jersey Regt. now at Elizabethtown.
July 16th, 1778.
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN out of the pasture of Mr William Tenbrook, at Raritan landing, on the night of the thirtieth of June, a dark brown horse, nine years old, fourteen hands one inch high, trots and paces, but most natural to his pace, has a snip on his forehead, and hind foot somewhat white, branded with the letter M. on his near thigh. Whoever takes up and secures said horse and thief, so that the owner may have him again, and the thief brought to justice, shall be intitled to the above reward, and for the horse only Twenty Dollars and reasonable charges, paid by me
JOHN MYER.
WAS taken up by the subscriber the 10th of June last, living in the Borough of Elizabethtown, on the road lead-
1 Minnie Van Voorhees. a resident of New Brunswick. New Jersey, and was a commissary at the General Hospital, Continental army. He was afterward a Captain and Quartermaster in the State service. He died August 3d, 1794, and is buried in the Dutch churchyard of New Bruns- wick.— Manuscript of the late ^\~^niam .V. Stryker.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 329
ing from said town to Boundbrook, a POCKET-BOOK with a quantity of Continental Money in it. Whoever proves their property and pays charges, may have said pocket-book and money by applying to ABIGAIL FITZ RANDOLPH, living near John Littell, Innkeeper, Elizabethtown. July 20f/i, 1778.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or STOLEN out of the pasture of James Dunster, of Baskenridge, Somerset County, a brown MARE, about thirteen hands and an half high, has a very thick mane and tail, and long hair on her legs, a small star in her fore- head under her foretop, large white spots on each side of her back caused by being galled by the saddle, has a low carriage, branded H C on her near shoulder, shod all round, thin in flesh, lately came off a journey from Red- stone. Whoever takes up said mare and brings her to the subscriber at Mendham in Morris County, shall receive the above reward and all reasonable charges, paid by me
SAMUEL HUDSON.
June 4th, 1778.
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
A SILVER WATCH stolen from the subscriber in Spring- field, Burlington County, State of New Jersey, about the 10th of July, with a silver face, has a brass star between each hour, but one of the stars has been peeled off, only 11 remains ; on the face Thornton, London, the number for- got, has a bruise in the case, a steel chain with long links and a crown seal with a chrystal or glass in the shank thereof ; said watch has not been cleaned this 7 or 8 years. All watchmakers are desired to secure it, if it comes to
330 NKW .IKK'SKV IN TIIK RKVOJ.UTIOX. [1~~S
their hands, so that the owner may get it again, shall have 15 Dollars reward, or 30 for the watch and thief, if con- victed of the theft, paid by
JONATHAN FOX, jimr. —NewJersey (lazefte, Vol. 1, No. 34, .////// -2\>. 1778.
Burlington, July i>i>, 1778.
The subscriber proposes sending a quantity of BEER, as good as what is brewed at present, for 6 £ per barrel, delivered at Chestnut street wharf. Those who chose to leave their names with Mr. WIJ.LJAM EAI.C O.XKI:. in Mar- ket-street, near Strawberry Alley, may be supplied till the stock of grain is brewed up.
WILLIAM IXXES.
X. B. A Still containing 22 gallons, with Worm and Tub, for sale. Enquire as above. — Tlie Pen-nxi/h-mini Packet, July 30, 1778.
Xew York, August 3. A Party of Rebel Light Horse came down as far as Bergen Point last Tuesday Xight, and Returned next Morning towards Hackinsack : They visited- Hoebuck in their way and carried away a great Number of Cattle from the Inhabitants.
A poor industrious Farmer from Morris County, in New-Jersey^ named Edward Bolsbay was taken Prisoner by the above Party, and after being robbed by them, they whipped him with Rods on the Back and Shoulders, in a most cruel Manner, and left him for dead. — Ncir-Yorl,- Gazette and Weekly Mercury, August 3, 1778.
FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Was taken from Princeton, in New-Jersey, last Feb- ruary was a year, a new copper STILL, but considerably bruised by the pulling down of the Still house when the
1778] .XKWSPAI'KR EXTRACTS. '•'>'•*>]
enemy was at Princeton ; it was marked <> 1 gallons, and the maker's name [B. Town | stamped on it. Whoever can give information where said Still is, so that the owner may act it again, shall receive the above reward from the subscriber living' at Princeton.
THOMAS WIGGIXS.
X. 1>. It is suspected that the said Still was carried to the back parts of Pennsylvania, as there was a number of the militia from those parts stationed at Princeton about that time. — The Pennsylvania Packet, August 4, 1778.
To be SOLI) very reasonably.
A XKCJKO MAX about 32 or 35 years of age, a good tem- pered, ingenious, handy fellow, is a tolerable cook, and can shave and dress a. wig very well — He has been employed as a house servant for some time past, and is now sold for faults which will not be likely to affect a purchaser who need not intrust a servant with liquor or the laying out of money. Enquire of Colonel THOMAS LOWRY, in Flemington, Xew-Jersey, or of The Printer. — The Penn- sylvania Packet, August 4, 1778.
We hear that a large ship, laden with dry goods, ran upon the Jersey shore, near Shrewsbury, last Friday morn- ing, when a party of the militia took her, notwithstanding a heavy cannonade from a British man of war and a frig- ate.— The Pennsylvania Evening Post., August 4, 1778.
BOSTON, July 20. * * *
A small vessel of war, with very few guns and men, fitted out from Salem, has been at Egg-Harbour, between
'•'>'-\'2 ^E\V .IKRSKV IN Till-: IfKVOJ.rTIOX. [I'-"
\r\v-York and Philadelphia, and taken 14 sail of the enemy's vessels, laden with tories and their effects to a great value, bound from the Delaware to .\r\v- York.
TREXTOX, August o.
BY HIS EXCELLENCY
WILLIAM LIVIXGSTOX, Esq.
Governor., Captain-General and Commander in Chief in and over the State of New-Jersey, and territories thereunto belonging, Chancellor and Ordinary in the same.
PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS by a late Act of the Legislature of this state, the Generals in the service of the United States were authorized to grant passes to the citizens of New-Jersey to go into the enemy's lines and encampments, and into places in their possession : — And whereas the said Act is since expired by its own limitation, and some of the said Generals, as well as other officers of the army never there- unto authorized by any law of this State, have, since the expiration thereof, granted such passes; the continuance of which practice, from their unacquaintance with the true characters of the applicants, who are generally dis- affected, may prove greatly injurious to the interest of America. I have, therefore, thought fit to issue this Proclamation, to notify to all the citizens of this State, that they are not to expect, by virtue of any such passes, to be exempted from the punishment prescribed by law for going into the enemy's lines, unless they shall be sent by such General Officers, or by Officers having the com- mand of detachments stationed in fhis State, on publick
177SJ NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 333
occasions, or for military purposes; but that they will be proceeded against with the utmost rigour of law, any such passes notwithstanding.
Given under my hand and seal at arms, at Morns-Town, the twenty-eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and seventy -eight.
WIL. LIVINGSTON.
By his Excellency's command, William Livingston, jun. Deputy Secretary.
Extract of a letter from Monmouth, dated July 18.
"I have been waiting from the time the enemy passed thro' this county till the present, in expectation that some of your correspondents would, thro' the channel of your paper, have given the public an* account of their conduct to the inhabitants — but not having seen any as yet, and as it has been such as every honest person ought to de- spise, I take this opportunity of giving a short sketch of it; which, if you think will be any satisfaction to your readers, you may insert in your paper. The devastation they have made in some parts of Freehold exceeds per- haps any they have made for the distance in their route thro' this State, having in the neighbourhood above the Court-house burnt and destroyed eight dwelling-houses, all on farms adjoining each other, besides barns and out- houses— The first they burnt was my own, then Benja- min Covenhoven's, George Walker's, Hannah Solomon's, Benjamin \7an Cleave's, David Covenhoven's and Garrit Vanderveer's ; John Benham's house and barn they wan- tonly tore and broke down* so as to render them useless. — It may not be improper to observe that the two first men- tioned houses that were burnt adjoined the farm, and
-5:54 NEW .1 MUSKY I.\ TIIK UKV( )I.T'TI().\. L^~V
were in full view of the place wherein Gen. Clinton quar- tered. In the neighbourhood below the Court-house they burnt the houses of Mutthias'Lnne, Cornelius Covenhovenj John Autonidas, and one Eminans; these were burnt the morning before their defeat. Some have the effrontery to say, that the British officers by no means countenance or allow of burning - - did not the wanton burning of Charleston and Kingston in Esopus, besides many other instances, sufficiently evince the contrary, their conduct in Freehold I think may- -the officers having been >ccn to exult at the sight of the flames, and heard to declare that they never could conquer America until they burnt every rebel's house, and murdered man, woman and child. Besides, this consideration has great weight with me To- wards confirming the above, that after their defeat, thro' a retreat of twenty-five miles, in which they passed the houses of numbers well-affected to their country, they never attempted to destroy 'one. — - This much for their burning.
'"To enter into a minute* detail of the many insults and abuses those inhabitants met with that remained in their houses, would take up too much room in your paper; I shall therefore content myself with giving you an account of Gen. Clinton's conduct to one of my neighbour's, a woman of seventy years of age and unblemished reputa- tion, with whom he made his quarters. After he had been some time in her house, and taking notice that most of the goods were removed, he observel that she need not have sent off her effects for safety, that he would have secured them for. her, and asked if the goods could not be brought back again — the old Lady objected: But upon the repeated assurances of Gen. Clinton in person. that they should be secured for her, she at length con- sented, and sent a person along with the waggon he had ordered to shew where they were secreted. When the goods were brought to the door, which was in the latter part of the day, the old Lady applied to Gen. Clinton in
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 335
person, for permission to have them brought in and taken care of, but he refused, and ordered a guard set over the goods. The morning following, the old Lady finding most of her goods plundered and stole, applied again to him for leave to take care of the remainder; he then allowed her to take some trifling articles, which were all she saved ; not having (when I saw her, and had the above informa- tion from her) a change of dress for herself or husband, or scarcely for any of her family. — With regard to per- sonal treatment: She was turri'd out of her bed-room, and obliged to lay with her wenches either on the floor, without bed or bed-clothes, in an entry exposed to the passing and repassing of all, &c. or sit in a chair in a milk-room too bad for any of the officers to lay in? else its probable she would have been deprived of that also. - If the first officers in the British army are so far divested of honour and humanity, what may we not expect from the soldiery ?"
H.rh-act of a letter from a gentleman at Elizabeth-Town, dated July 29, 1778.
"We have certain information that the enemy are get- ting water on board their shipping with the utmost in- dustry.
"This morning a certain Jonathan Chew, Captain in the Xew Levies, deserted over to us from Staten Island, bringing with him his son ; also come off about the same time, a private of artillery. Chew was formerly an in- habitant of Billing-sport, in Gloucester county."
Lately retaken and brought into Great Egg-harbour, by the privateer sloop Cornet, Capt. Yelverston Taylor, the schooner Carolina Packet, Capt. Walter Belt, from St. ITbes, with 1600 bushels of coarse salt. Also the sloop Lucy, Capt. Thomas Grandle, from South-Carolina, with 112 tierces and 30 half tierces of rice, one tierce and half ditto indie-o.
336 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
The sloop Lark, Capt. John Laing, bound from St. Kitts to Philadelphia, was lately taken and sent into a safe port. Her cargo consists of 77 hogsheads of rum, one ditto dry goods, 18 kegs of nails, 3 tierces and 1 case joiners and carpenters tools, door locks, hinges, &c. The schooner Phoenix, Captain Robert Gilbert, from Bermuda for Xcu- York, with 30,000 oranges and lemons, and a considerable quantity of onions. And a schooner from Antiqua, with rum, brandy, &c.
Retaken and brought into Little Egg-harbour, by two New-England privateers, in company with Capt. John Rice, a brig and sloop loaded with tobacco.
We hear that several refugees, despairing of the suc- cess of the British arms, and being greatly neglected by those they esteemed their friends, have, within a fortnight past, left New-Yojk, and come into this State, throwing themselves on the mercy of their country.
We are informed, that on Wednesday last a British frigate came within the Capes of Delaware. About the same time a large tender was cruising off our coast, which drove several of our small privateers into the inlets of this State.
It is reported that the prizes which were taken by the French fleet, since its arrival on our coast, are sent into some of the 'New-England ports.
By a gentleman from the army we learn, that ten de- serters upon an average come over every day from the enemy's post near Kingsbridge.
To be sold by the subscribers, in behalf of the pro- prietors, at May's Landing, on Great Egg-harbour, by publick vendue, on Monday, the tenth inst, (August) at ten o'clock in the morning, about 1600 bushels best St. Ubes coarse Salt; 112 tierces and 30 half tierces Caro- lina Rice ; one tierce and a half best Carolina Indiga.
THOMAS SINNICKSON,
August 2, 1778. THOMAS LEAMING, jun. .
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 337
To be sold a PLANTATION, containing eighty-one acres of excellent land, lying at Chatham, in the county of Es- sex, New Jersey ; fifty acres of which is in excellent Eng- lish meadow, which has produced upwards of fifty tons of timothy and blue grass in one season ; eight acres in good plough land, from which there have been but two crops taken ; the rest is the best of wood land ; the whole in good fence. It lays very level, and natural to grass. The whole can be laid in mowing with little pains. There is- on the said plantation, a dwelling-house with two fire- places, and a small bed room, a good barn frame almost- new,- a good well of excellent water, a good orchard that yields a considerable quantity of good fruit every year- The whole is in good repair, and pleasantly situated; it is fit for a gentleman, merchant, tradesman or farmer. For terms apply to the subscriber, on the premises.
WILLIAM WRIGHT.
Chatham, July 30, 1778.
WEST-INDIA
COTTON
of the best quality, To be had for CASH or COUNTRY PRODUCE, of
JOHN KEYXOLDS,
At the house formerly occupied by the Widow Cum- mins, opposite to Capt. Joseph Clunn's tavern,
TKENTOK
TAKEN up as a stray, about the twentieth instant, near Elizabeth-Town, a dark bay GELDING, six years old, four- teen hands high, branded on the near shoulder with the letter S, short square dock, trots and canters. Whoever may have lost said gelding, is desired on this notice to come, prove property, pay charges and take him away.
JOHN BURROWS, Capt.
Elizabeth-Town, "I Col. Forman's regt.
July 21, 1778. j
22
338 NKW .IKUSKY IN Till-: KKVOLl'TIOX. [177s
TO BE SOLD
By FURMAX and HUNT, At their Store in Trenton,
WKST-IXDIA Rum by the hogshead or gallon, Geneva, Apple Brandy and Whiskey by the barrel or gallon ; and a few chests best Bohea Tea.
STOLEN out of the pasture of Zebulon Heston, on the night of the 28th of July, a brown HORSE, about fourteen hands and an half high, five years old past, trots, paces and canters well, branded on the off side under his mane Z, a little white on each of his hind heels. Whoever secures said horse, so that the owner may get him again, shall be entitled to the reward of Twenty Dollars, and all reason- able charges, and an addition of Twenty Dollars for the thief, if convicted thereof, paid by me John Coryell, at Coryell's Ferry.
July 29, 1778.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of Theodorus Van Wyck, late merchant of Xew-York, deceased, either by- bond, note or book debt, are requested to pay their respec- tive accounts to the subscribers, at the house of the Rev. Jacob R. Hardenburgh, in Raritan, Somerset county ; and those who have any demands against the said estate, are desired to bring in their accounts, properly attested, to the subscribers, at the place aforesaid, that they may be dis- charged.
Abraham Van Wyck, Executor.
Helena Van WycTc, ) -p,
TT 7 7-, . V jLxecutrix.
Helena, Bogart, j
— New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 35, August 5, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 339
TO BE SOLD.
A Tract of land, containing twelve or thirteen hundred acres, in Piles Grove, Salem County ; also three hundred acres joining the Glass-house.1 .Enquire of the subscriber in Reckless Town.2
New Jersey, July 30. WILLIAM GAMBLE.
TO BE SOLD by public vedue, on Thursday, the 3d. day of September next, on the premises.
A COMPLEAT SET OF SALT WORKS, commonly L'noii'ii by the name of Kennedy & M Culloh's situated about three miles from Great Egg Harbour Bar. Also the stores., dwelling-house, four horse teams, an ox team, a- stout active Negro man, 100 acres of wood, of which there is 300 cords a /ready cut, a compleat well constructed new shallop that will carry 14 cords of wood, in good order. X/ikewise the unexpired lease of 5 years to come of JfO acres of land on which the works are erected, subject to an annual rent of 25 £. The said works is to be sold for cash only. Attend- ance will be given at said time and place by
August 3, 1778. JOSEPH M'CULLOH
• — The Pennsylvania Packet, August 6, 1778.
1 Erected at the close of the French and Indian war. The first estab- lishment of the kind built in New Jersey.
- In Burlington county, now known as Chesterfield.
340 NEW JEESEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Extract of a letter from Piscataqua, New-Jersey, dated July 17, 1778. *
"I beg you will permit rne to inform you, that in my passage from Martinico I unfortunately fell into the hands of the enemy on the last of February, about 5 leagues from Cape Charles in Virginia ; after which I was carried to Rhode Island, from thence to the Chesapeake again, and back to New York. In this circumnavigation I frequently suffered great hardship, as well from the savage cruelty of my captors, as for want of cloathing, being separated from the principal part of what I had with me by an accident. My arrival at New- York was, however, but the beginning of my calamities, and a pestilential prison ship the place of my abode, where 4he KING OF TERRORS became so fa- miliar with me, that he often times appeared a beneficent friend — To fill up the measure of my distresses, I had not been many days on board before I was seized with the epidemical fever, raging among the prisoners, which in general proved mortal to healthy, fresh men, in less than six days; but through mercy, I had a more favourable paraxysm of this malignant distemper in less time than
1 It has been thought that this letter may have been written by Philip Freneau, the satirist, who was so long a resident of Monmouth county. Mr. John Rogers Williams, of Princeton University, after a careful exami- nation of this letter, concludes that Freneau's experiences do not coincide with those of the writer of this communication. From November, 1775, to June 15th, 1778, Philip Freneau was living peacefully upon the estates of his friend, Captain Hanson, on the island of Santa Cruz, West Indies. Upon June 15th, 1778, Freneau commenced his return voyage to the United States. Off the Delaware capes the vessel was taken by the British, but Freneau, proving to be but a passenger, was landed on July 9th, and returned at once to Mount Pleasant, New Jersey. Freneau'a experience with the prison ships came later. On the 26th of May, 1780, while a passenger on the ship Aurora, bound for the West Indies, he again had the misfortune of falling into the hands of the British. The Aurora was captured off the Delaware capes (not Cape Charles) by the frigate Iris, and Freneau, with the other prisoners, was sent to New York and placed on board the prison ship Scorpion "lying off the. college in the North river." Freneau's experiences are detailed in his journal describing the capture of the Aurora. This journal has been published. The second reason is that the letter is not in Freneau's easy and graceful style.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 341
that., which miraculously saved my life, and the only one living from 30 inclusive, that came with me on board the same day. In the most reduced and emaciated state of body, with scarcely strength in my limbs to sustain the skeleton, I was on the 25th ult. put on shore at Elizabeth- town, as a matter of great favour, on my parole, not to act in the cause of my country until properly exchanged. I have the pleasure, however, of a retrospective and satis- factory view of the innumerable escapes I have had, as well from civil as military persecution in the glorious cause of my country, though much alloyed with the mortifi- cation for the little service I have done it : I, however, hope that a favourable occasion will be put into my possession shortly, to compensate for all my unfruitful services and sufferings. When my health shall be again re established, in statu quo, on the wholesome respiration of my native air, and on which I have already very much recruited, I shall be happy to join immediately in the assistance of my country."
ELIZABETH-TOWN, JULY 29, 1778. SIXTEEN DOLLARS REWARD.
DESERTED from my company, about the first of July, a certain CORNELIUS BARCALOW, about five feet ten inches high, thin visage, ruddy complexion, light brown hair, about twenty two years of age ; 'tis believed he is lurking somewhere about the neighbourhood of Allen-Town. Who- ever takes up said Deserter and secures him in any gaol in the United States, or delivers him to any officer belong- ing to the regiment, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable charges, paid bv
JOHtf'BURROWES, Captain.1
1 Of the First Regiment, Monmouth.
NEW .JKKSKY l.\ TIIK 11 KV< (I.TTK >.\.
X. B. All persons are forewarned not to harbour said deserter at their peril. — The Pennsylvania I'arkel. August
8, 1778.
New-York, August 10. The following Anecdote we believe may be depended on.
Whilst the Count D'Estaing's Squadron lav off Sandy- Hook, a Marine Officer belonging to one of the Ships, a Scotch Man by Birth, went on Shore at Shrewsbury, the Inhabitants finding he spoke good English crowded to con- verse with him, and told him how happy they were made by the Arrival of the French Fleet, as they did not doubt their Independence would be established by their Co-opera- tion. Whereat the Scotch officer with a significant Shake of the Head answered them, "he believed they were mis- taken, that he looked upon their Independence only as a Dream, for that France or Britain must have this country."
The effect this Speech had, may be better conceived than described. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercunj , August 10, 1778.
Chesterfield., Burlington County, Aug. 7, 1778. TEST DOLLARS REWARD.
WAS STOLEN from the subscriber, a silk and worsted long gown, a blue quilt, a fine shift, a pillow-case, and fifteen shillings in money ; supposed to have been taken by ;i woman \vho left Philadelphia when the enemy did, and who has been in the neighborhood ever since: she is a short thick woman, pockmarked, with brown hair, and stutters in her speech ; ha.d on a black petticoat, a callico short gown, a black bonnet, and was bare footed : Perhaps she may put on some of the stolen cloaths. Whoever takes up said woman and delivers her to JONATHAN GESS or ADAM PARKER, living in Burlington, or JOSEPH VANDYKE
1778] ^EWSrAPEK EXTRACTS. 343
in Water-street between Arch and Race-streets, Philadel- phia, shall have the above reward and reasonable charges, paid by
ISRAEL WRIGHT.
TRENTON. ArorsT 12.
The folio id n y DEPOSITION «•«* omitted last week for irunt of room.
BE it remembered, that on the 30th day of July. Anno Domini 1778, personally appeared before me. Peter Schenck. one of the Justices of Peace for the County of Monmouth. Mrs. Elizabeth Covenhoven, who being duly sworn on the Holy Evangelists of Almighty God, deposeth and saith. That on the 20th of June last, when the enemy came into that county. General Sir Henry Clinton, with his suite, made his quarters at her house, and promised on his honour that every thing she had should be protected and nothing injured : That some time after they had been there, she saw a soldier driving her horses away, upon which she applied to them to perform their promises, and one of the General's Aids said she should be paid for them ; she answered she could not spare them ; he then took down the marks, and declared they should be returned ; but she heard no more of them. Some little time after she perceived all her cattle, including her milk cows, driving by in the same manner ; she then made a like application and said, they must go without milk themselves if their cows were taken away ; they then gave orders to have them stopped : but before they went off they killed and took every one of them, not leaving her a single hoof. This deponent further saith, That the General and his Aids finding her fur- niture chiefly sent away, were exceedingly urgent to have them sent for, declaring it likely they would be destroyed where they were con- cealed, but if they were in the house they should be safe : she told them she had no way to send for them : upon which they ordered a waggon and guard to go with the Negro wench to bring the goods, and they brought one waggon load home and placed a guard over it, and refused absolutely suffering her to have any thing out of it : That the next morning she found almost every thing of value was taken out of the waggon, and only a bible and some books, with a few trifles, left, which were scattered on the ground : she then applied to the General himself to have liberty to take these few things his Honour had left her — he ordered one of his Aids to go to the guards and suffer her to have them — she followed him, and he said, here you damned old rebel, with one foot in the grave, take them. This deponent also saith, That, though a very old woman, she was obliged to sleep on a cellar door in her milk room for two nights, and when she applied for only a coverlet it was refused her : That by the time they went away her house was stripped of her beds, bedding, the cloaths of her whole family, and every thing of any value. The farm was also left in the same situa-
344 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [177S
tion ; and that at a moderate computation, her loss amounted to 30001. and that she lost this in trusting to the personal honour of Sir Henry Clinton, which threw her off her guard, and made her perfectly easy, having solemnly engaged to protect or pay for every thing they used: and this deponent declares that the sum of 51. 2s. which one of the officers gave her for 50 pounds of butter he had, was all the money or .satisfaction she received for any thing she lost. And further saith not.
(Signed)
ELIZABETH COVENHOVEX,
74 years of age.
-Sworn before me, the day and year abore-irrittcn,
p. SCHENCK. A true copy from the original.
"Extract of a letter from a Gentleman at camp at Elizabeth- Town, dated Aug. 7, 1778.
"Yesterday the British fleet, under Admiral Lord Howe, sailed from the Hook for Rhode-Island,, as 'tis said. We are also informed that a number of transports are taking troops on board at New-York, but are uncertain as to their destination."
Extract of a letter from a Gentleman at camp at the White Plains, dated Aug. 8, 1778.
"I doubt not you have heard of the great fire in New- York. Yesterday came out from thence two Hessian offi- cers. They were of those taken at Trenton, and had contracted an affection for the country — therefore shortly after they were exchanged, as they tell the story, they resigned their commission; but not being able to obtain leave to come out, tliey at length effected their escape. They left the city about 8 o'clock in the evening the 6th inst. and passed King's-Bridge about one in the morning. One of them a handsome young fellow, whose brother is aid-de-camp to Gen. Clinton, tells me he saw the fire — that it began in a house filled with king's stores — 68 houses consumed and a vast quantity of stores,, amongst which 30,000 blankets or pairs of blankets, I think the
IT 78] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 345
latter, 10,000 suits of cloaths, and a great deal of pro- rixtons, computed at four weeks supply. Some time after- irfirds a vessel struck with lightning blew up — this Hes- sian says she had on board upwards of 200 tons of powder, hit t other accounts say from 70 to 90 barrels; either was a great quantity for an explosion, and did great damage to the town. They say the inhabitants are much distressed at their present situation, and a vast many want to take their chance in the country, but cannot obtain permission. This morning the pilot who conducted Count de ESTAIGN to Rhode-Island, called on me — They arrived on Wednes- day last week, and he left them a day or two afterwards. The French fleet had taken a position to prevent any escapes; but had not, except a ship or two, shewn them- selves in the harbour — That the enemy had evacuated Connanicut-Island, and burnt the King-fisher and two gallies which could not otherwise escape a French frigate which was after them. There is the greatest probability of success in that expedition, as I see nothing in the ordi- nary course of events to» prevent it. The pilot says the feet was ready to enter the harbour, but waited a signal from General Sullivan."
We hear that on Thursday sennight the ship Love and Unity from Bristol, with 80 hogsheads of loaf sugar, sev- eral thousand bottles of London porter, a large quantity of Bristol beer and ale, beside many other very valuable articles was designedly run on shore near Tom's River; since which, by the assistance of some of our militia, she has been brought into a safe port, and her cargo properly taken care of.
By a gentleman from Egg-Harbour we learn, that a few days since a sloop from Jamaica bound to New- York, was brought in there. It seems a number of Americans, captured at sea, and carried into that island, had been put on board in order to be sent to New- York, and on their passage rose, secured the master and hands, and
346 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
brought, the vessel in to the above port. She was loaded with ruin, sugar, &c.
Friday last John M'Kinley Esq late President of the Delaware State and Lieu Hall of Maryland arrived here on parole from Xew York and early next morning they set out for Philadelphia.
And on Sunday morning last about 100 Light Dragoons chiefly new recruits, neatly dressed in uniform and well mounted, under the command of Major Lee arrived here from Virginia on their way to camp.
BAPTIST ASSOCIATION.
NOTICE is hereby given to the Baptist churches belong- ing to the association1 usually meeting at Philadelphia, that being disappointed in their meeting last year, a number of Ministers met at Hopewell, in Xew-.Iersey, in concurrence with said church: — Considering the utility thereof to the churches, it was concluded that the asso- ciation meet this year at Hopewell, Tuesday after the second Lord's day in October.
Hopewell, July 27, 1778.
1 Of the Baptist churches in New Jersey, of those which antedated the Revolution, the Cohansey congregation claimed its organization from KIM:!. that of Cape May from 1712, Salem from 1765. Dividing Creek from 1762. Pemberton from 1764. Pittsgrove from 1766. and Manahawkin from 177". As early as 1688 there was a Baptist congregation at Middletown. where it is said that eighteen of the thirty-six purchasers of the Indian title were members of that denomination. It is curious that, after having "settled themselves into a church state." the Baptists of Middletown became divided, and each party was formally excommunicated by the other. What the trouble was is not positively known, for when the trouble was adjusted, in May. 1711. the record of proceedings was torn out of their church-book. In 1689 the Baptists organized a congregation at Pisrata- way : in 1747 at Scotch Plains : in 1752 at Morristown. and in 1767 and 1769 at Mount Bethel and Lyons Farms. In Sussex county, at Wantage, the Baptists appeared in 1756. while in 1715 there were members of that faith organized in Hopewell, and in 1745 at Hightstown. Kingwood's church dates from 1742. — Xcw Jersey as a Colony and as a Htate, Vol. III., p. .Sir..
17TS] XKWSI'APKi; KXTKACTS. .'547
TILE Committee appointed l>y Act of the General As- sembly of the 22d of June last, for collecting, adjusting and settling the Accounts of the State, give notice to all persons whomsoever, who have been entrusted with pub- lick monies on the part of the State, and have not ac- counted for the expenditure thereof, or who are interested in any other publick accounts unsettled, to exhibit the same, with the necessary vouchers immediately, that they may be adjusted and reported to the Legislature at their next sitting, which is fixed, by adjournment, to the ninth of the next month. The Committee expect no further notice will be requisite ; and observe that no accounts can be received by them during the sitting of the Legislature1.
WILLIAM OH. HOUSTON, JAMES MOTT, Jim.
Pinccton, Neir-Jersey, Aiif/ust 10, 1778.
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN on the night of the 3d instant, out of the pas- ture of JACOB DAVIS, near Squancom in Shrewsbury township Monmouth county, East ?Jew-Jersey, a lightish coloured bay MARE, three years old, a natural trotter, about 13 hands high or more, with a black mane and tail, her hind feet spotted below the fetlock joint. Who- ever will secure said mare and thief, that he may be brought, to justice, and return, the mare to the subscriber at Shark River, or leave her at Dirick Longstreet's near Princeton, shall have the above reward, or Twenty Dol- lars for the mare only, and all reasonable charges, paid by me
JOHN DAVIS.
August 10. 1778.
34(S NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
A RIDING CHAIR was left at Point Breeze, near Borden- town, by the British army, in their flight from thence in December, 1776, with the letters J S A in a cypher on it. As it is likely they plundered it from some of the inhabitants of Jersey, any person, a subject of the United States, that has lost the same, may have it, on applying to the subscriber,
GEORGE DOUGLASS.
Point Breeze, July 20, 1778.
Thirty-two Dollars Reward.
DERSERTED from my company, since the battle of Mon- mouth, Benjamin Voglum, about 5 feet 9 inches high, pock-marked, and has a down look. Hugh M'Clane, an Irishman about 5 feet 8 inches high, a square set fellow, and has bushy curled hair. John Thompson, a nine- months-man, formerly belonging to the gallies, about 5 feet 8 inches high, swarthy complexion, and pock-marked. Also George Cook, born in Philadelphia, by trade a taylor, about 20 years of age, a likely young fellow, about 5 feet 5 inches high ; says he has a mother in Philadelphia. Its probable they will change their cloaths and ship themselves on board of some vessel, as two of them are sailors. The above reward will be paid for them, or Eight Dollars for either, with reasonable charges, paid by me
JONATHAN PHILLIPS,
August 10, 1778. Captain 2d. Jer. Regt.
X. B. Said Cook has been formerly advertised and taken, but deserted the second time before he joined the regiment.
177*] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 349
TO BE SOLD VERY REASONABLY,
A NEGRO MAN about 32 or 35 years of age, a good tem- pered, ingenious, handy fellow, is a tolerable cook, and can shave and dress a wig very well. — He has been em- ployed as a house servant for some time past, and is now sold for faults which will not be likely to affect a pur- chaser who needs not intrust a servant with liquor, or the laying out of money. Enquire of Colonel Thomas Lowry, in Flemington, New-Jersey.
To be sold, by virtue of an order from the Judge of the Admiralty of the State of New-Jersey, on Thursday, the 20th inst. (August) at ten o'clock in the morning, by public vendue, at Samuel Cooper's ferry,1 opposite Phila- delphia, upwards of 30 hogshead best St. Kitts Rum ; a quantity of Carpenters and Joiners Tools ; Door and other Locks, Hinges, Hand-Saws, Files, Nails, Sod Iron, with a variety of other Hardware, &c. &c. Also a small quan- tity of Oznabrigs and bleached Russia Drabs ; part of the cargo of the prize sloop Lark. Also two casks best Caro- lina Indigo, part of the cargo of the prize sloop Lucy.
JOHN STQKES, Marsh.
Aug. 7, 1778.
To be sold, a PLANTATION, situate in Hunterdon county, West New-Jersey, ten miles distant from Trenton, up the River road, containing 370 acres land, 200 thereof cleared, the remainder rough, but remarkable good wood land, 20 acres good meadow made, about ten more may be made, well fenced, on the premises are a good stone dwell- ing-house two stories high, a stone kitchen adjoining, a large Dutch barn, a young orchard; and the whole farm plentifully watered. On another part of said tract are other convenient buildings. For terms enquire of the Printer.
1 Camden city.
:!.")() .\K\V . I HUSKY ].\ THK KKVO I.ITK ).\ . [1778
WIIKKKAS inquisition was found the 14th day of May, 177s, against Philip Van .Cortlandt, John Bowlsby, Ed- ward Bowlsby, Charles Bowlsby, Richard Bowlsby, Jacob Hylor, Humphry I )evenport, William Howard, George Beaty, Thomas Husk, Lawrance Buskirk, Jacob Demorest, Samuel Ryerson, Isaac Hornbeck and Xicholas Ireland; of which proclamation was made in Court, the 8th day of July, that they, or any person on their behalf, or any persons who should think themselves interested, might appear and traverse the inquisition. This is to give NOTICE that unless they, or some other person on their behalf, agreeable to the said proclamation, do appear at the next Court of Quarter-Sessions, and traverse the said inquisition, final judgment will be then entered against them.
AAIION IVITCHEL, Commissioner.
Morris county, July 22, 1778.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber, on the 25th of July, a sorrel horse, about 15 hands high, with a bald face, supposed to be 11 or 12 years old. The owner is desired to come, prove property, pay charges, and take said horse.
JOHN BEEDER.
Trenton, Hunterdon county, 1778.
PUBLICK NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN.
WIIKUKAS sundry complaints have been made, and great uneasiness appearing among the people in general of Colonel BEYERS' s battalion of militia, in the townships of Bethlehem, King-wood, and Alexandria, in the county of Hunterdon, Xew- Jersey, on account of the fines levied upon them by the Magistrates and Eield-officers of said battalion, for not standing their draught, nor procuring substitutes for the nine-months-service ; also on account of the fines levied upon them some time before.
1778] NKWSPAPKK KXTRACTS. 351
All which fines they complain were not equally and pro]X)rt,ionably levied, according- to their circumstances and situations, nor with equal justice recovered according to the warrants issued: Some having their goods dis- trained for the whole, while others are favoured and cleared by paying only one half of their fines, and great part of the monies recovered not fairly applied according to law. This being a matter of great concern and con- sequence to the publick in general, as well as to the in- habitants concerned in these three townships, it ought not to pass unnoticed in what ever part of the State it may happen. In justice therefore to those who were fined, as well as those who at all times have chearfully gone out, when called, to the field of battle, for the good of their country, some Magistrates and principal inhabitants of the township of Alexandria think necessary to request the favour of all the magistrates of the townships of Bethlehem, Ivingwood, and Alexandria, the Field and other commissioned Officers of said battalion, and all the Collectors and Constables of said townships to meet at the house of William Davis at Pitts-Town, Hunterdon county, ]^ew- Jersey, on Tuesday the 18th instant, (Au- gust) at 9 o'clock in the morning, with all their accounts of the fines levied, what money they have received, how it has been disposed of, with the names and number of substitutes that have been hired and sent out from time to time, in order that a fair and just settlement may be made and rendered to the County Collector and Treasurer of all those fines, as the law directs ; and thereby quiet the minds and uneasiness of the people, and prevent any slur or discredit that might hereafter be brought 011 the officers arid inhabitants of these three townships. — It is hoped all concerned will not fail to attend.
X. B; The Constables are desired to be sure and bring in a return of all the warrants served from time to time on account of the fines. All those aggrieved by those fines are also desired to attend.
Alexandria Toirnsliip, July 5, 1778.
352 \K\V JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
NOTICE is hereby given that there have been inquisi- tions found against the real and personal estate of the following persons, late of the county of Somerset and State of New-Jersey, that is against Joseph Stockton, Richard Cochran, Charles Roberts, John Harris, Benja- min Worth, William Drake and John Drake, disaffected persons, who have gone over and joined the army of the King of Great-Britain; which inquisitions have been re- turned at the last Court of Common Pleas, agreeable to an act of the General Assembly of the State of New- Jersey, passed at Princeton on the 18th day of April, one thousand seven hundred and seventy-eight, and no traverse hath been entered; but if all or any of the above said offenders, or any person or persons in his or their behalf, or who shall think himself interested in the premises, do not traverse said inquisitions' at the next Court of Common Pleas to ^>e holden in and for said county, final judgment will be entered against said estates.
By order of us,
JACOB BERGEN, 1 Commissioners for the HENDRICK WILSON, j county of Somerset August 8, 1778. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 36, August 12, 1778.
EIGHT DOLLARS REWARD.
Ran Away from the subscriber, living in the Jerseys, three miles from Cooper's Ferry, a Negro boy named SAMBO, between eleven and twelve years of age; had on when he went away, a homespun shirt and oznabrug trousers, a striped woollen twilled jacket; had a scar over one of his eyes, thick lips, and is small of his age. Who- ever takes up and secures said Negro, so that the sub- scriber may have him again, shall have the above reward, and all reasonable charges paid by
WILLIAM LAWRENCE — The Pennsylvania Packet, August 15, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 353
New- York, August 17. On Monday last arrived the Schooner Hammond, Capt. Bridger Goodrich, on his Pas- sage to this Port, saw eight Privateers from Tom's River in East-Jersey, three of which he took, and has brought them in ; they are, the Schooner May Flower, with four Carriage, four Swivel-Guns, and 18 Men, from New- England, Andrew Geddridge, Master; the Schooner Scor- pion, William Gray, Master, one Carriage, 16 Swivel Guns, and 36 Men, from New-England, the Schooner Sally, Joshua Stutson, Master, six Carriage, ten Swivel Guns, and 25 Men, from New- Jersey.
We are well assured that Col. Butler's Party now on the Frontiers of Pennsylvania, New-Jersey, and this Province, amounts to at least between 5 and 6000 Menr and daily increasing, that the Settlers back from Carlisle in Pennsylvania, to the City of Albany, are in the greatest Tribulation, and daily retiring.
About 7 o'Clock last Saturday evening seven large Ships, Two-Deckers, came to an Anchor off Sandy-Hook, 6 of them were black sided, the other bright; one of them had a red Flag at her Main-Top-Mast Head. — New- York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, August 17, 1778.
PHILADELPHIA.
A gentleman from Cape May informs us, that a fleet of ships approached the coast of New-Jersey, somewhat south westerly of Little Egg Harbour, on Thursday and Friday last. A large ship and five smaller vessels only were seen ; but it was- manifest there were several others in company, by signal guns fired in the offing. The weather was hazy. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, August 18, 1778.
23
354: NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Extract of a letter from a Gentleman at camp at Elizabeth- Town, dated Aug. 11, 1778.
"Enclosed you have the copy of an advertisement which a few days ago was actually put up in the coffee-house at New- York; also a list of Admiral Lord Howe's fleet that sailed from the Hook, with which, 'tis said, he in- tends to fight Count d'Estaign — l
"Cornwal 74 guns, Eagle 64, Somerset 64, Nonsuch 64, St Albans 64, Trident 64, Ardent 64, Kaisonable 64, Preston 50, Centurion 50, Renown 50, Isis 50, Experi- ment 50, Phrenix 44, Roebuck 44, Vigilant armed ship 28 guns.
The Advertisement is as follows:
"TO BE SOLD, the British right in America; consisting, among other articles, of Thirteen Provinces in rebellion, which Britain, in the hour of her insolence, attempted to subdue; the reversion of the government of Quebec, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, East and West Florida ; the interest of Hudson's Bay Company; a respectable body of troops ; a considerable part of the royal navy ; all the loyal subjects in America. The British West-India islands will be included in the Sales, if agreeable.
Apply to GEOEGE JOHNSTONE, Esq.2 who is desirous to conclude a private bargain.
1 Count d'Estaign was lying off the southern coast of New England. A dispatch from Boston, printed in the Gazette, under date of July 27th. says that Count d'Estaign had with him the following ships under his command : Languedoc 90 guns, Tommant 80, Cesar 74, Zele 74, Nector 74, Marselliors 74, Protecteur 74, Guerrier 74, Jantasque 64, Provence 64. Vaillant 64, Sagltaire 50, Chimere 30, L'Engeante 36, L'Alemene 26, L'Arinable 26, besides five ships loaded with army supplies, bound for Virginia. The spelling of the ships is here given as in the Gazette.
2 One of the British Commissioners for restoring peace to America, who, on account of attempts to bribe members of Congress, was declared to be unworthy of any manner of correspondence or intercourse. Congress expressed its indignation upon August llth, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 355
Conditions of sale to be seen in the hands of HENRY LAURENS, Esq. President of the Continental Congress; and to make it easy to the purchasers, a seat in Congress will be taken in part payment, the rest in Continental dollars."
We hear from Morris-Town that his Excellency the Governor, upon intelligence that a number of people in Scooley's mountain had enlisted in the enemy's service, had several of them apprehended, and committed to gaol.
Among all the romantic stories (says a correspondent) which the tories propagate to delude the ignorant and credulous, their account of the French fleet is the most triumphantly impudent. This they represent as being dispatched by his Most Christain Majesty to co-operate with Lord Howe's squadron for suppressing the revolt in America.
We hear from good authority, that this day se'nnight two British commissaries deserted from the enemy at New- York and came over to Jersey. They report that many others of their acquaintance intend to embrace the first opportunity to do the like, so great is their aversion to their present hopeless situation.
WHEREAS sundry Juries of Inquiry have been held at different times and places in the county of Hunterdon, and inquisitions have been found against the following persons, subjects of the State of New- Jersey, who have either joined the army of the King of Great-Britain, or have otherwise offended against the form of their allegiance to this State, viz. John Allen, Christopher Voght, John Voght, George Castner, James Smith, Christopher Harris, John Oakeson, Peter Young, Conrad Eagler, Christian Rope, Michael Dennis, Joseph Lee, George Cyphers, John Van Buskirk, Rulof Rulofson, Samuel Sharp, Joseph Merril, Andrew Pickens, Nicholas Pickle, Edward Taylor, Bartholomew Thatcher, Thomas Skelton, Joseph Smith,
356 \KW JEKSKY JN THK R KY< ) I.UT1ON. [1778
Isaac Allen, John Barnes, Joseph Taylor, Absalom Bain- bridge, Charles Harrison, Alexander Kerr, jun. Brereton Pointing and Mary his wife, and Daniel Coxe, late of the county of Hunterdon, Jesse Wall, late of the county of Burlington, and Barnardus Legrange, late of the c-ity of New-Brunswick ; which said inquisitions having been returned to the last Court of Common-Pleas, held at Tren- ton for the county of Hunterdon ; and proclamation made in open Court, according to law, for the said offenders, or any person on their behalf, to appear and traverse the said inquisitions ; and none having appeared : NOTICE is hereby given to the said offenders, that if they do not appear, or any person in their behalf, or whoever shall think himself interested in the premises, at the next Court of Common-Pleas, to be holden on the fourth Tuesday in October next, at the Court-house in Trenton, for the county of Hunterdon, to offer to traverse the said inquisi- tions, and put in the required security, that then the said inquisitions will be taken to be true, and final judgment will be entered thereon in favour of the State. JAEED SEXTON, ^ NATHANIEL HUNT, > Commissrs. PETER BRUNNER, J Hunterdon county, Aug. 17, 1778.
TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN.
\TOTICE is hereby given, that a Court - Jersey,**. [^ of Admirajty will ^ held at
the Court-house in Trenton, the
27th day of August inst at ten o'clock in the fore- noon of the same day, then and there to try the truth of the facts alledged in the bills of Captain Joseph Cook, (who as well, &c. ) against the schooner or vessel called the Hawke, lately commanded by Philies Pro- vinsal — The sloop or vessel called the William, lately
1778 I NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 357
commanded by William Hobbs — and the brigantine or vessel called Governor Henry, lately commanded by William Arthur. Of Captain Edward Turner, (who as well, &c.) against the brigantine -or vessel called the Nancy, lately commanded by James Club. Of Captain David Stevens, (who as well, &c. ) against the schooner or vessel called the John and Sally, lately commanded by Rufus Gardner. Of Yelverton Taylor, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Lucy, lately commanded by William Sandle — The schooner or vessel called the Caro* line — And the sloop or vessel called the Lark. Of Enoch Stillwell, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or shallop supposed to be named the Marydunceo : with their re- spective tackle, apparel, furniture and cargoes; to the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said vessels respectively, or any person or persons concerned therein, may appear and shew cause, if any they have, why the said vessels and their respective cargoes should not be condemned according to the prayer of the said bills. By order of the Judge,
BOWES REED, Pro. Re. August 7, 1778.
Edward Brooks, junior, Hath for SALE at his Store in Bordentown,
MOLASSES, Jamaica Spirit, rye whiskey, sugar, tea, coffee, pepper, allspice ; Ticklenburg, Russia sheeting, check and white linen ; nails, frying pans, plane irons, compasses, pins ; quart bottles ; sweeping brushes, country made earthen ware ; a good assortment of excellent men's and women's leather shoes ; indigo of the best quality ; cedar buckets: Likewise an assortment of castor and wool hats.
August 18, 1778.
358 M:W JERSEY ix THE REVOLUTION. [1778
To be sold, the large and commodious brick HOUSE that John Imlay, Esq. formerly lived in, in Bordentown, with a stable and chair-house, a fine garden, and two grass plots, with a variety of fruit trees ; it stands in an agree- able situation. For particulars inquire of Joseph Carson, in Water-street, above Market-street, Philadelphia.
PRACTITIONERS of PHYSICK may be supplied at mod- erate prices, at the Printing-Office in Trenton, with the following articles; NITRE, JESUITS BARK, JALAP, RHU- BARB, SENNA and MANNA — All of the first quality.
Where also may be had,
WRITING-PAPER, by the Ream or Quire, excellent SWEET OIL in Flasks, by the dozen or single flask ; School- masters Assistants, (TTconomy of Human Life, &c. &c.
To be sold, and possession delivered in the spring, a convenient roomy HOUSE, with a good barn, and about seventeen acres of land, one half of which is good wood land, the rest is meadow, orchard and garden, situate in Trenton, now in the occupation of David Oldin. Inquire of Mr. Benjamin Smith, saddler in Trenton.
TO BE SOLD AT PUBLIC VENDUE,
On Monday, the 31st. day of August,
The Ship LOVE and UNITY, Lying at Toms River, New-Jersey, together with her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo, consisting of Bristol beer in bottles, Porter, Red and White Port wine, Bristol cyder, salt, flour, cheese, Queen's and Delf ware, And a small quantity of double flint wine-glasses and tumblers.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS.
Part of which cargo is lying at Mennesquan, to be sold on the second day of September next, on the premises, by
JOHN STOKES, Marsh. The vendue to begin at ten o'clock. Aug. 15.
TO BE SOLD AT PUBLIC VENDUE,
At COOPER'S FERRY, New-Jersey, opposite Philadelphia, on Saturday, the 22d, of August, at 12 o'clock.
The PRIZE SLOOPS BETSEY and the DUCK;
An inventory of which may be seen at the Coffee-house in Philadelphia
At the same time and place will be sold, two 4 pounders, two 2 pounders, and two 1 pounders, by
JOHN STOKES, Marshal. August 15, 1778.
STRAYED or stolen the 23d of July, out of the pasture belonging to Matthias Winans, tavern-keeper, Elizabeth- Town, a brown HORSE, about 13 hands and a half high, shod all round, paces, trots and canters, had a white star with grey hairs down his nose, he was galled with the saddle on his withers lately, and with a collar on his breast, his legs trim'd close, had a thick mane which lay mostly to the near side. Whoever takes up and secures said horse and thief shall have TWENTY DOLLARS reward, and ten for the horse only, and all reasonable charges, paid by me
JOHN DUNBAR.
August 10, 1778.
360 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1TTS
Thirty Dollars Reward.
THE house of the subscriber, living in Am well township Hunterdon county, was robbed on the night of the 15th instant, (August) of a silver watch with a China face, number 421, maker's name forgot, and number 44 on the outside case; pale blue broadcloth coat, lapell'd jacket and breeches ; a shirt and pair of blue Avoolen stockings, with white tops. The above things were stolen by an Irishman named John Ramson, (a soldier who was left sick after the army cros'd the Delaware) about 5 feet 9 or 10 inches high, very much hump back'd, and appeared to be about 25 years of age. — The above reward will be given to any person who secures the thief and the articles, and reasonable charges, by
CASPER BEAR, near
August 17, 1778. Ringo's tavern.
STRAYED or stolen out of the pasture of John Abbot in Nottingham township, county of Burlington, between the 10th and llth inst. (August) a bay HORSE about 14 hands high, five years old, long body, natural trotter, his hind feet white, a star in his forehead, had old shoes on before, and has several scars on him occasioned by large gears. — Whoever takes up said horse and returns him to said John Abbot, or to the subscriber in Bucks county, shall be en- titled to SIXTEEN DOLLARS reward; and if stolen, and the thief secured so that he may be brought to justice, twenty- four Dollars, paid by
THOMAS HUTCHIXSOX.
Aug. 17, 1778.
STRAYED or stolen from the house of Capt. Jacob Arnold in Morristown, on the 9th of August, a bay HORSE about 14 hands and an inch high, branded with W E on the near thigh, about 12 or 13 years old, trots and paces a small
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 361
travel. Whoever takes up said horse and brings him to Capt. Arnold in Morris-town, or Israel Woodward living in Upper Freehold, Monmouth county, shall have TWENTY DOLLARS reward, and reasonable charges. August 17, 1778.
NAVY BOARD, MIDDLE DISTRICT,
PHILADELPHIA, July 28, 1778.
NOTICE is hereby given to all British Seamen who are prisoners on parole, or otherwise, in the Middle District of the United States, that they make immediate returns to this Board of their names, the times of their capture, and the vessels to which they belonged. And all gaol keepers having British seamen under their* custody, are directed to send in lists of such prisoners to this Office,
FRANCIS HOPKINSON. JOHN WHARTON.
SIXTEEN DOLLAKS EEWARD.
STOLEN on the 16th of July, 1778, out of the pasture of the subscriber, living in the borough of Elizabeth, a light- ish coloured sorrel HORSE, about 8 years old, near 13 hands and a half high, with a small star in his forehead ; paces, trots, and canters ; is low in carriage, shod before, thin in flesh, branded on his near shoulder H. Any person that will secure the horse and thief, so that the owner shall have his horse and the thief be brought to justice, shall receive the above reward, or Eight Dollars for the horse only, and all reasonable charges paid by
CORBIT SCUDDER.
362 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or STOLEN out of the pasture of Ezekiel Ball, in the township of Newark, a bay HORSE, about 15 hands high, with a black mane and tail, a large star in his fore- head, and one of his hind legs white, branded R K on his near buttock, is a natural trotter, and a little ewe neck'd. Whoever will apprehend the thief and horse shall have the above reward and reasonable charges, or Twenty Dollars for the horse alone, from me
July 24, 1778. JACOB FOSTER.
X. B. He formerly belonged to Mr. Smith Richard.
EIGHTY* DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN from a waggon near Paramus, on the night of the 25th inst two HORSES — The one a brown, three years old, 15 hands and a quarter high, of a lofty carriage, branded on his near buttock W : The other a black brown, about 14 hands and a half high, four years old, is branded as the first; the mane of each hangs on the near side. Whoever secures said horses shall have the above reward, or 120 for the horses and thief, or in proportion for either, paid by me
THOMAS JOHNSTON.
Kingston, July 30, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 363
TO ALL WHOM IT MAY COXCERX.
Xew-Jersey, ss. NOTICE is hereby given, that a Court of Admiralty will be held at the Court-house in Trenton, on Friday the 28th day of August, instant, at 10 o'clock in the fore- noon of the same day, then and there to try the truth of the facts alledged in the bills of Benjamin Pratt, (who as well, &c.) against the ship or vessel called the Love and Unity, lately commanded by Captain Glovers — And of Daniel Hendrickson, (who as well, &c.) against the schooner or vessel called the Indian Delaware ; with their respective tackle, apparel, furniture and cargoes: To the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said vessels respectively, or any person or persons concerned therein, may appear and shew cause, if any they have, why the said vessels and their respective cargoes should not be con- demned according to the prayer of the said bills.
By order of the Judge, August 13, 1778. BOWES REED, Pro. Reg.
CAME to the plantation of Laurence Van Derveer, in Hillsborough, a large sorrel MARE, with white mane and tail ; she is remarkably dull and lazy, and has been much used to gears. The owner is desired to come, prove his property, pay charges, and take her away.
Aug. 4, 1778.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber the 20th of May last, living in Morristown, a small bay MARE with foal, about 13 hands high, a natural pacer, with both her hind feet white, branded on the left shoulder and left thigh with the letter C. The owner is desired to come and prove property, pay charges and take her away.
Aug. 28, 1778. GIDEON RIGGS.
364: XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTIOX. [l~'x
Newark Mountains, Essex County, August 10, 177s.
CAME to the house of the subscriber the 16th of May, a bay HORSE 8 or 9 years old, 13 hands and a half high, has a dull brand on the right thigh, and a small star and saddle-mark; also a two years old MARE, has a star, left hind foot white, branded with M on the left thigh. The owner is desired to come, prove property, pay charges, and take them away.
SAMUEL OGDEX.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber living in New- ark Mountains, Essex county, on the 22d of July, a brown bay MARE, trots and paces, about 15 hands high, with a small star, about 8 or 9 years old. The owner is desired to come, prove property, pay charges, and take her away.
AugUSt 10, 1778. DANIEL CUNDIT.
is hereby given, that an Inquisition has been found against George Howard, late of Middlebrook, in the county of Somerset; which Inquisition was returned to Court last June, and upon proclamation being made, no person appeared to traverse the same.
FREDERICK FRELINGHUYSEN,
Aug. 1, 1778. Commissioner.
— New Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 37, August 19, 1778.
Burlington, August 17. 1778. FOR SALE.
A Brewing Copper containing three and a half barrels, with a wooden Curb containing five and a half barrels, in all nine barrels ; has a brass cock, and may be made into a still, as it is little worse for wear. Also a Cog Wheel,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 365
with an iron shaft for horse pumps, never used ; and a light Waggon and Gears. Likewise Cherry Brandy, Cherry Rum, West India Rum, Anniseed, &c. by the barrel or gallon, at the lowest prices.
WILLIAM INNES.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Ran away from the subscriber, living in Evesham, Bur- lington County, New Jersey, on the 22d. of June last, a servant lad named Joseph Paterson, about fifteen years of age, country born, short and well built, has lost one eye which is entirely sunk ; had on when he went away, a felt hat, coarse shirt and trowsers, a homespun bearskin coatee with wooden buttons, no shoes nor stockings : It is likely he will go towards Lancaster in Pennsylvania, as he has a brother that way. Whoever takes up and secures said lad so that his master may have him again shall have the above reward and reasonable charges, paid by
WILLIAM EVANS.
Salem, New-Jersey, August 16, 1778. THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Ran Away on the 26th of February last with the British light infantry at Salem, a Negro man named HARRY, but it is probable he may change his name; he is about twenty-eight years of age, five feet eight or nine inches high, a stout well made fellow, country born, a large nose, thought he will leave the soldiers and go into the country, and may perhaps endeavour to pass for a freeman ; had on when he went away, a fustian coat with a red collar, light broadcloth breeches, two coarse shirts, one fine ditto, a
366 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
good hat cut Maccaroni 1 fashion, good stockings and shoes. Whoever takes up said Negro and secures him in any gaol, so that his master may get him again, shall have the above reward and reasonable charges, paid by
ROBERT JOHNSON.
t
X. B. All persons are forbid to harbour said Negro at their peril.
1 The use of the word "macaroni," known only to the present generation from its use in one of the many stanzas of "Yankee Doodle," was used to distinguish any individual or group of people who sought to attract atten- tion by eccentricities in dress. Contemporaneous terms, some of which are still employed, were gallant, bloods, bucks, beaux, fribbles, fops, monstrosities, corinthians, dandies, exquisites and swells.
The macaronis' reign was short, commencing about 1770 and lasting until the outbreak of the American Revolution. The year of their fullest fruition was 1772. A writer in the Philadelphia North American, con- tributing an article upon this subject, June 16th, 1803, says that the macaronis distinguished themselves by an immense knot of artificial hair behind, a very small crrf&hed hat, an enormous walking stick with long tassels, and a jacket, waistcoat, and small clothes cut to fit the person as closely as possible. Their most remarkable peculiarity was the large knot of hair, thus celebrated in a satirical song :
Five pounds of hair they wear behind,
The ladies to delight. O, Their sense give unto the wind,
To make themselves a fright, O. This fashion, who does e'er pursue,
I think a simple tony ; For he's a fool, say what you will,
Who is a macaroni.
It would appear that the macaronis originated among a number of young men, who had made the grand tour, and on their return formed themselves into a club, which, from a dish of macaroni, then little known in* England, being always placed upon the dining table, was called the Macaroni Club.
London became "macaroni crazy." They took the town by storm. Nothing was fashionable that was not a la macaroni. Even the clergy had their wigs combed, their clothes cut and their delivery refined a la macaroni. The shop windows were filled with prints of the new tribe ; there were engraved portraits of turf macaronis, college macaronis and other varieties of the great macaroni race. At balls no other than maca- roni music could be danced to ; at places of public amusement macaroni songs, of which the following is a specimen, alone were sung to divert the company :
17781 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 367
THE MACARONI.
AIR NANCY DA.WSON.
Come, listen all, and you shall hear, Of all the beauties that appear, And move in fashion's motley sphere,
The fat, the lean, the bony ; The boast, the glory of the age, How young and old can now engage ; Each master, miss and parent sage,
Is now a macaroni.
Each tries the other to outvie, With flretops mounting to the sky, And some you oft with tails may spie,
As thick as any pony ; Insipid gait, affected sneer, With side-curls high a'bove the ear, That each may more the fool appear,
Or shew the macaroni.
Each doctor's now become a prig, That used to look so wise and big, With stiffened and swingeing wig,
That got him all the money ; They've all thrown off the grave disguise, Which made each quaking owl look wise, For wig, of Whip the coachman's size,
To shew the macaroni.
The lawyer too's become a crop, Instead of tail, a Tyburn top, Alack-a-day, each barber's shop
Now looks but half so funny, As when the windows once were graced, When stately wigs in rows were placed ; But these are days of wit and taste,
Huzza for macaroni.
The cits that used, like Jerry Sneak, To dress and walk out once a week, And durst not to their betters speak,
Are all grown jolly crony : Each sneak is now a brickish blade, WThen in the park, but talk of trade, He thinks you mean him to degrade ;
Each cit's a macaroni.
Who would not live in days like these, In days of jollity and ease, There's no exception to degrees,
My lord and John are cronies. Each order and profession claim An equal right, an equal fame, For nothing's equal to the name
Of modern macaronis.
368 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Philadelphia, August 20.
Last week a coaster from New England arrived at Little Egg-Harbour in New-Jersey, the master of which re- ported, that he had fallen in with the French fleet, under Count D'Estaign, southward of Long Island; and that soon after parting, he passed near the British squadron from New York, the weather being stormy. He also re- ported the burning of several transport ships by the enemy at Newport; which, accounts from the camp at the White Plains, mention.
About the same time a galley, belonging to Lord Howe's fleet, was driven ashore by a north east storm, near Shrews- bury in Monmouth County. This vessel proving leaky, had been ordered back to New York. She left them near the eastern part of Long Island. Her crew, consisting of 32 men were made prisoners. — The Pennsylvania, Packet August 20, 1778.
Last week a coaster from New England arrived at Little Egg Harbour in New- Jersey; the master of which reported, that he had fallen in with the French fleet under count D'Estaign, southward of Long island
About the same time a galley belonging to lord Howe's fleet, was driven ashore by a north east storm, near Shrews- bury in Monmouth county. This vessel, proving leaky, had been ordered back to New- York. She left them near the eastern part of Long island. Her crew, consisting of thirty men, were made prisoners. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, August 20, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 369
TO BE SOLD,
A VALUABLE PLANTATION whereon the sub- scriber now lives, on the road leading from Princeton to Allen-town, Bordentown, and Croswick's in Perm's Xeck, within four miles of Princeton, containing about 516 acres of good land, together with eight acres of ex- cellent meadow, about one mile from said farm, being part of the great meadows in Maidenhead ; 200 acres of said farm is cleared, the remainder well timbered. The said farm is bounded on a fine stream of water, where at least 70 acres of good meadow may be made. There is on said plantation a good dwelling-house, with three rooms on .a floor, and two good kitchens adjoining, with a well of good water by the door, a large barn, forty-five by fifty feet square, with an apple orchard writh about 200 bearing trees of excellent fruit. For terms apply to Col. William Coats, in Philadelphia, or to the subscriber on the premises.
THOMAS NORRIS.
N. B. Said Farm lies but six miles from Mr. Timothy Abet's landing,1 and so situated that it might make two good plantations, and within one mile of a saw and grist mill.
TO BE SOLD
The sloop Joanna, now lying at Salem. Inventory to be seen at the Coffee-house in Philadelphia. For terms apply to Thomas Eddy, in Second street or Capt. Hopper, at Salem, New Jersey. — The Pennsylvania Packet, Au- gust 22, 1778.
1 On Crosswicks creek.
24
NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION.
New- York, August 24. On Saturday Afternoon his Majesty's Ship Renown, of 50 Guns, commanded by Capt. George Dawson, fell in with the Lanquedoc, of 90 Guns, and rated to have 1100 Men, about thirty Leagues South- East of Sandy-Hook ; this capital ship had been dismasted in the Storm on the llth Instant. The Renown attacked her on the Quarter, and kept up a steady Fire against her from 4 p'Clock till Dark, intending to renew the Engagement in the Morning; but the French Admiral availing himself of the Darkness of the Night, brought his Ship to an Anchor, by which Means the Renown became separated three or four Miles from him. At Day- break, Capt. Dawson observed the Count D'Estaing, at- tended with several other Ships of his own Squadron; which occasioned the 50 Gun Ship to bear away, and he thereby escaped from a Superiority, to himself, invincible.
The Ferret Galley, Capt. O'Brien, is cast away near Shrewsbury, in the late violent Gale of Wind, and the Crew are Prisoners on their Parole, at Prince Town, in New Jersey: They are thirty in Number.
Capt. Bridger Goodrich, of the Schooner Hammond Privateer, about 20 Leagues to the Southward of the Hook, fell in with the Brig Black Prince, of 12 Guns, and 48 Men, which, after a short Engagement, struck to the Ham- mond. Capt. Goodrich had one Officers of Marines and one Seaman wounded ; the Richmond Frigate, Capt. Jedouin, Commander, at the Time of Action was about Five Miles distant.
Sent in since our last by Sir James Wallace, a Privateer Sloop of 12 Guns, and a small Sloop from Coracoa for Egg-Harbour, belonging to a Number of Farmers in East- Jersey: The Supercargoes Name, Middleton.
Monday last the Lord Hyde Packet, Capt Jeffries, arrived here with the Mails from Falmouth, which Place she left the 7th of July, by whom we have the following Advices, viz. Monday, June 15.
From the London Gazette.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 371
Whitehall June 12.
The following is an Extract of a letter from the Hon- ourable General Sir William Howe, to Lord George Ger- maine, one of his Majesty's Principal Secretaries of State received by the Swallow Packet, which arrived at Fal- inouth the 10th Instant from Philadelphia.
Philadelphia, May 11. My Lord,
I have the honour to inform your lordship of Sir Henry Clinton's arrival on the 8th Instant; and that, in consequence of his Majesty's permission to return to Eng- land, I shall delay my departure no longer than is neces- sary to furnish my successor with the orders and instruc- tions with which I have been honoured, and with every further information that I can conceive may be of ad- vantage or use to the service.
Since the earliest return of Spring, a succession of de- tachments from hence has ranged the country for many miles round this city, and in the province of Jersey, to open the Communication for bringing in supplies, to re- lieve the peacable inhabitants from the persecution of their oppressors, and to collect forage for the army. These detachments have without exception succeeded to my ex- pectations, greatly to the credit of the troops employed, to the annoyance of the enemy, and to the advantage of his Majesty's service. Colonel Mawhood in particular, with three battalions, and a provincial corps, made a descent on the coast of Jersey, near Salem, in the month of March ; and, after dispersing the force collected in that part of the country, returned with a very seasonable supply of forage.
To the skill and activity of Lieut Col Abercromby must be attributed a successful surprize made on the 4th Inst. upon a corps of the enemy consisting of 900 men, under the command of a brigadier general, posted about 17 miles from hence, with 400 light infantry, 300 rangers,
372 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
and a party of light dragoons ; that officer attacked and defeated this corps of the enemy, killing, wounding, and taking 150 men, including officers, with the loss of only 9 wounded. The rout would have been far more com- plete, if the long march of the infantry, in effecting the surprize, had not disabled them from a vigorous pursuit.
I have equal pleasure in reporting to your lordship the good conduct and success of Major Maitland, who was detached the 7th inst. with the 2d battalion of light in- fantry in flat boats, under the command of Capt Henry of the navy. His orders were to proceed up the Delaware, and destroy all the ships and vessels lying in the river between this and Trenton. The inclosed account of his expedition will prove how effectually this enterprise was executed, and the very considerable loss the enemy have sustained.
Two posts are taken on the Jersey side of the Delaware, at CooperVferry and at Billingsport ; the first to cover parties cutting wood for the future supply of the troops, the latter to secure the navigation of the Delaware in the narrow part of the channel. I have the honour to be.
W. Howe
REPORT
On the night of the 7th inst at 8 o'clock, I embarked with the 2d battalion of light infantry, and proceeded up the Delaware in the flat boats, commanded by Capt. Henry of the navy, and landed about ten next morning at White-hill, where the rebels appeared in force, both horse and foot, but chiefly horse: as soon as our three pounders were landed, I advanced towards Bordentown, two miles distant. The rebels still kept in front, and at a creek where I was obliged to pass by a dam, part of which was wood, they made a stand, having a field piece with them, and attempted to break down the dam to pre- vent any passage ; but the battalion pushing on with their
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 373
usual alacrity, they were not able to effect this, and a warm fire ensuing, they abandoned their field piece, having only fired it once. We pushed and drove them from five guns they had in the town, which were disposed in such manner as to prevent shipping coming up the river. The rebels left 14 dead on the spot. In this town we destroyed four storehouses, containing provisions of all species, a very large quantity of tobacco, some military stores, and camp equipage ; the fire accidentally communicating from the stores to Mr. Borden's house (a colonel in the rebel service) it was consumed, together with all the furniture.
The rebels alarmed the country, and collected a strong body at Trenton, where it appears they apprehended I would direct my march ; I was willing to confirm them in their opinion, and therefore moved a little that way ; then re-embarked and crossed to the Pennsylvania shore, when I took post so as to cover the naval force. Early next morning we proceeded to Biles-island creek, and burnt some valuable vessels belonging to the rebels, particularly two ships loaded with tobacco, rum, and military stores. About two o'clock the battalion marched for Bristol (13 miles distant) where they arrived at five in the evening, burnt what vessels were there belonging to the enemy, and embarked by sunset.
Upon the whole, this expedition has been very fatigu- ing to the troops, but must in its consequence be extremely distressing to the rebels, as their magazines and ships upon the river are totally destroyed. The annexed list will inform you of their number and quality.
The gallies being sunk in deep water could not be injured.
In justice to Capt Henry and the seamen employed on this expedition, and to the battalion under my command, I must say they behaved with such spirit and alacrity as cannot fail to do them honour, and I flatter myself has merited the general's approbation. (Signed)
John Maitland Major Comm. L. I.
374 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOI/TTIOX. [1778
Philadelphia May 11.
List of Ships, Vessels, &c, burnt on the 8th and Oth instant.
Two frigates, one for 32 guns, the other for 28.
Nine large ships
Three privateer sloops for 16 guns each
Three ditto for 10 guns each.
Twenty three brigs, with a number of sloops and schooners. ( Signed )
John Maitland Major-Comm, 2 L. I.
Admiralty office June 13. The letter from lord Vis- count Howe, commander in chief of his Majesty's ships and vessels in North America, to Mr. Stephens, of which the following is a copy, was this day received by the Swallow packetboat from Philadelphia.
Sir, Eagle, off Billingsport, May 10.
Upon advice received that the enemy had advanced four armed galleys down the Delaware, between Bordentown and Bristol, a detachment of the light infantry under the command of major Maitland of the marines, were em- barked in the flat-boats, and with the galleys and armed vessels of the fleet, under the chief command of Capt Henry, sent up the river in the night of the 6th inst. to intercept the enemies gallies, and bring down or destroy such of their frigates and other vessels as had been with- drawn above the shoaler-passages of the river, when the troops first took possession of Philadelphia.
The inclosed report of Capt Henry's judicious conduct in the execution of his orders, contains all the particulars I have to communicate to the lords commissioners of the admiralty, on the subject of that material operation. I am, with great consideration, Sir, your most obedient humble servant,
Howe.
Philip Stevens Esq-Secretary of the Admiralty. •
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 375
Report from Captain Henry.
At ten o'clock on Thursday night the 5th of May, the Hussar, Cornwallis, Ferret, and Philadelphia gallies, with the Viper and Pembroke armed schooners, four gun boats, and 18 flat boats, in which the 2d battalion of light infantry, with two field pieces were embarked, proceeded from Philadelphia up the river Delaware. The wind be- ing down the river with much rain, and the ebb making, when we had proceeded 12 miles we came to an anchor, and so remained till five next morning, we then got under way and sailed up the river. At noon Ave were abreast of Wl lite-hill, where the gallies, armed vessels, and gun-boats were placed to cover the landing of the troops, which was performed without opposition. At this place the Wash- ington and Effingham rebel frigates (the former pierced for 32 and the latter for 28 guns) were set on fire, and consumed, together with a brig and a sloop. The troops then marched, took possession of Bordentown, and de- stroyed a battery of three six pounders; whereupon the gallies, armed vessels, &c. proceeded to that place, where they burnt two new ships, one of which was pierced for 18 guns, one privateer sloop for 10 guns, with ten sail of brigs, schooners and sloo,ps; several storehouses, contain- ing provisions, artillery stores, camp equipage, and some tobacco were burnt at the same time. This service being executed, the boats proceeded up Crosswell1 creek, and set fire to the Sturdy Beggar privateer, pierced for 18 guns, and eight sail of Brigs, sloops and schooners. The troops were then embarked, and landed on the Pennsylvania side, where they rested that' night.
At five on Saturday morning the Hussar and Ferret gallies, gunboats, &c. rowed up to Biles-island creek, and burnt one new schooner pierced for 14 guns, one new sloop for 16 guns, one old schooner for 10 guns, one old large sloop for 16 guns, and two large new sloops.
1 Crosswicks.
376 XKW JERSEY IX THE KEVOLUTIOX. [1778
The rebel galleys in Watson's creek, on the Jersey shore being reconnoitred, were found sunk and hid at low water.
At noon the troops marched to Bristol, first burning two sloops at the ferry; and the galleys, gunboats and flat boats proceeded down the river to embark there, which was done at six o'clock in the evening, after burning a ship and brig at that place. The Philadelphia galley, Viper and Pembroke armed schooners, with two gunboats, burnt the remaining vessels consisting of four new ships, one new brig, and an old schooner.
The whole number of vessels destroyed ,was 44 sail.
At six o'clock on Sunday morning the troops, arrived at Philadelphia without losing one man.
During this expedition up the Delaware some houses were unfortunately burnt, very contrary to the directions and sentiments of the officers employed on this service.
(Signed)
John Henry.
—The New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, Aug. 24, 1778.
WANTED,
A JOURNEYMAN FULLER, who will have con- stant employ and good wages ; he may hear of a place by applying to Mr. Joseph Blackwood, Fuller, living in Gloucester County New-Jersey.
EIGHT DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN AWAY from the subscriber, living in the Jerseys three miles from Cooper's Ferry, a Negro boy named SAMBO, between eleven and twelve years of age; had on when he went away, a homespun shirt and oznabrug trousers, a striped woollen twilled jacket; had a scar over one of his eyes, thick lips, and is small of his age. Who- ever takes up and secures said Negro, so that the subscriber
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTEACTS. 377
may have him again, shall have the above reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by
WILLIAM LAWRENCE.
This they represent as being dispatched by his Most Christian Majesty to co-operate with Lord Howe's squad- ron for suppressing the revolt in America.
We hear from good authority, that this day se'ennight two British Commissaries deserted from the enemy at Xew-York, and came over to Jersey. They report that many of their acquaintance intend to embrace the first op- portunity to do the like ; so great is their aversion to their present hopeless situation.
FORTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Ran Away from the subscriber, living at Aquackanack, in the county of Essex, state of New-Jersey, on the night of the nineteenth inst. (August) a Mulatto boy named HARRY, light complexion, dark brown hair, about five feet four inches high, eighteen years of age, with a scar in one of his eyebrows, and one of his little fingers crooked, speaks Dutch ; had on when he went away, a tow shirt and trowsers, woolen stockings, shoes with brass buckles, light brown coat and vest with pewter buttons, and a cut hat; having a linen shirt and striped trowsers he may shift them. He is supposed to have gone off with one William Sutliff, lately a soldier in the British service, who wears a red coat without facings, straw hat lined with black snakes- skin, and a band round it of the same. Whoever takes up said boy and brings him to the subscriber or secures him in any of the county gaols and gives information to the Printer hereof or to Mr. Josephson, in Market street, Philadelphia, shall receive the above reward and reason- able charges, from
JACOB GARRASOX. —Tin- Pennsylvania Packet, August 25, 1778.
378 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION.
TRENTON, AUGUST 26.
BY His EXCELLENCY WILLIAM LIVINGSTON.
Esquire,
Governor, Captain-General, and Commander in Chief in and over the State of New- Jersey, and the territories thereunto belonging, Chancellor and Ordinary in the same.
A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS, by an Act of the Legislature of this State, intitlecl, "An act to prohibit the exportation of provisions from the State of ^few- Jersey," passed at Princeton the twentieth day of June last, an embargo was laid to pro- hibit the exportation of wheat, flour, rye, Indian-corn, rice, bread, beef, pork, bacon, livei-stock and other provisions from this State, from and after the publication of the said act until the fifteenth day of November next : Provided always, that nothing in the said act be construed to prevent the taking on board such provisions as may be necessary for the stores only of any ships or vessels of war, and others trading to or from this State.
And whereas, the British troops both in New-York and on Long-Island are so greatly distressed for want of pro- visions, and especially of bread, as already to have had several mutinies among them upon that account; and must, in a short time, by our preventing them from ob- taining any supplies by capturing our vessels; and more especially by suppressing the villainous practice of di- rectly furnishing them with provisions from any part of this State, be reduced to the necessity of surrendering themselves prisoners of war, unless they should lie for- tunate enough to steal an escape to their own country, with the indelible infamy due to their rapes, robberies and murders.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 379
And whereas, some of the inhabitants of this State, in- stigated by the most boundless avarice, and equally re- gardless of the blessings of peace and the calamities of war, the felicity of freedom and the horrors of bondage, still persist in the traiterous practice of enabling the enemy, by supplying them with provisions, and especially with flour and grain, to continue their savage depreda- tions, after having totally abandoned all hopes of conquest, and every prospect of succeeding in the horrid purpose of enslaving this incorruptible and invincible country.
And whereas, the Honorable the Congress by their reso- lution of the fourteenth instant, considering it as of the first importance to continue the distress prevailing in the enemy's fleet and army at New-York for want of provi- sions, have requested me to take the most effectual meas- ures to enforce the due observance of the said embargo, I have therefore thought fit to issue this PROCLAMATION, hereby strictly commanding all the Officers of this State, both civil and military, and earnestly requesting all the other loyal citizens thereof, as they tender the welfare of their country, the glorious cause of liberty, and the speedy restoration of peace, to exert their most vigorous efforts in support of the said embargo; and particularly enjoining the civil and military Officers of the counties of Mon- mouth and Bergen to use their utmost vigilance in pre- venting all commercial intercourse with the enemy, and to seize and secure all persons concerned in transporting any provisions to any place in their possession, so that they may be brought to speedy and condign punishment.
Given wider my hand and seal at arms at Morns- Town, the 22d day of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and seventy- eight, and in the third year of the independence of America.
WIL. LIVINGSTON.
By His Excellency's command, William Livingston, jun. D. Sec.
380 NEW JEKSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
GOD SAVE THE PEOPLE.
\\V have undoubted intelligence that Lord Howe's fleet, which some time since sailed from New- York to Rhode- Island, are returned to Sandy-Hook, without effecting the purpose of their expedition.
It is currently reported, that after the late storm at sea (which scattered the French and English fleets) several warm actions happened between single ships, in which the English have been severely handled ; and that the Isis, of 50 guns, had been sent to New- York in a very shattered condition to refit.
Yesterday arrived here, the third North-Carolina regi- ment, consisting of about 600 fine healthy troops, under the command of Barnes Hogun, Esq. being on their way to Head-Quarters at White Plains.
Friday last the crew of the Mermaid, consisting of about 170 men, which was drove on shore at Cape May by one of Count d'Estaigns fleet, on his arrival off the Dela- ware, passed thro' this place on their way to Elizabeth- Town to be exchanged.
This day fortnight a row-galley, carrying one 18 and two 2 pounders, belonging to the enemy at New- York, was drove ashore near Shrewsbury, and fell into our hands with 30 men.
Died on the 14th of August, at Chatham, Morris County, New-Jersey, Mrs. EUNICE HoRTON,1 Widow of the Rev. AZARIAH HORTON, in the fifty-seventh year of her age. On the sixteenth her remains were decently interred
1 Rev. Azariah Horton. son of Jonathan Horton and Mary Tuthill. was born in the "Old Castle," Southold, Long Island, March 20th, 1715, dying on March 27th, 1777. In 1735 he graduated from Yale College, entered the ministry, and from 1741 to 1750 was a missionary among the Long Island Indians. From 1751 to 1776 he was pastor of the Presbyterian church at Madison, New Jersey, and was identified with the early hfstory of Princeton College. In the "Horton Genealogy," compiled by Dr. George F. Horton. it is said of Eunice Horton that she kept a store in Madison, and was an energetic business woman, being active in the work of the church and highly esteemed.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 381
in the burying-grcfund at South Hanover, attended by her bereaved family, the clergy of the adjacent churches, and a very great concourse of respectable inhabitants.
Before the procession began, was delivered at her dwell- ing-house to the children of the deceased, and occasionally applied to the spectators, by the Rev. Jonathan Elmer, a most pathetick address — "If my father and my mother "forsake me, the Lord will take me up" — And after it was over, at the church an excellent sermon well adapted to the occasion, by the Rev. Timothy Johnes, from Deut. "xxxu. 29. "O that they were wise, that they understood "this, that they would consider their latter end !"
It may be said, without the least addition to truth or diminution from it, that the deceased, in her house, was an acknowledged pattern of osconomy, received her friends with chearfulness, and entertained them with generosity; that, in piety, she was an early convert to the noble doc- trines of the Gospel, the genuineness of which she ex- hibited to the world by her growing attachment to, and steady invariable observance of them, through the whole course of her life; and in her last hours, tho' exquisitely distressed with bodily pain, in the full exercise of reason, critically reviewing the past and attentively surveying the future, had the approbation of her conscience, and, as the taper of life was going out, so conversed and so aspired after the full fruition of the Deity, as might have con- vinced the infidel, reformed the profligate, and stimulated the faint indeed, — as would have done honour to any Christian, and brought reputation to religion itself.
His Excellency the Governor has appointed a Court of Oyer and Terminer and General Gaol Delivery, to be held in the county of Sussex on Tuesday the fifteenth day of September ; and in Morris county on Thursday the twenty-fourth day of September next.
H^r39 READY MONEY is expected for inserting ADVERTISEMENTS in this GAZETTE.
382 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
THE Subscriber requests those Gentlemen for whom he has carried the New-Jersey Gazette, to pay off their re- spective balances for that service, and to deposit the Money in the Hands of those with whom the Packets are left, for their humble servant,
SAMUEL ADAMS.
Aug. 12, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
At publick vendue, by the subscriber at his house in Princeton, on Thursday the 10th day of September next — some
HOUSEHOLD AND KITCHEN FUKNITUKE, VIZ.
chairs, tables, candlesticks, teapots, a teakettle, a coffee- mill, one iron pot, griddle, pails and tubs, new churn, four candlemoulds, bedsteds, one set of curtain rods screw' d together, smoothing irons, one good (little) spinning wheel, Dutch cupboard, cradle, good milk cow, empty casks, broadax: Also a few SHOP GOODS, viz. Needles per hun- dred, trowels, one scythe, crosscut saw, plane irons, center- bits, slates, and a pair of large good steelyards.
The vendue to begin at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, when the conditions of sale will be made known by
WILLIAM M. DERMOTT.
N. B. The house and lot where the subscriber now dwells are for sale.
Neivtown, State of Pennsylvania, Aug. 22, 1778.
WAS committed some time past, and now in gaol at this place, the following persons, viz. John Ross, says he belongs to the 10th "Virginia regiment, in Capt, Stevens's company: Abraham La well, says he belongs to Colonel
177^1 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 383
Baylor's regiment of light dragoons, in the service of this State ; ami John Walter, who says he belongs to Colonel Dayton's regiment, in the service of the State of Xew- Jersey. The officers concerned are desired to send for them and pay charges.
THOMAS HUSTON, Gaoler.
FORTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED from the subscriber in Somerset, eight miles from Brunswick, on Sunday night the 16th instant, (Au- gust) two HORSES ; the first a sorrel, about 14 hands and a half high, branded on the near shoulder with a figure 9, and bald faced ; the other a black roan, his head, much whiter than his body, about 14 hands high, trots and gallops. Whoever takes up said horses and delivers them to the owner, shall have the above reward, or Twenty Dollars for either with reasonable charges, paid by
CORNELIUS STOOTHOOFF.
TO BE SOLD,
A Valuable plantation, whereon the subscriber now lives, situated on the road leading from Princeton to Allentown, Bordentown and Crosswicks, in Pens neck, within 4 miles of Princeton, 6 miles from Mr. Timothy Abbots landing, and so situated, that it might make two good plantations, and within 1 mile of a saw and grist mill ; containing about 506 acres of good land, together with 8. acres of excellent meadow, one mile from said farm, being part of the great meadows in Maidenhead; 200 acres of said farm is cleared, the remainder well timbered. The said f ami is bounded on a fine stream of water, where at least 70 acres of good meadow may be made; there is on said plantation a good dwelling-house with three rooms on a floor, two good kitchens adjoining, a well of water by the
384 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
door, a barn 45 by 50 feet, an apple orchard of about 200 bearing trees of excellent fruit. For terms apply to Col. WILLIAM COATES in Philadelphia, or to THOMAS XORRIS on the premises.
TO BE SOLD BY THOMAS MOODY IX PRIXCETOX,
ON as reasonable terms as the present times will per- mit; bohea tea warranted good, coffee, chocolate, tea-pots and cream-jugs, punch bowls, silk handkerchiefs of various sorts, spotted and check handkerchiefs, stripes and dif- ferent checks, fine Irish linen, Irish sheeting, breeches patterns and worsted stockings, camlets of divers colours, damascus, thread, satin, gauze and silk gauze handker- chiefs, mens shoes, tobacco and snuff in bladders of the best quality, writing paper, hard soap, with many other things.
August 10th, 1778.
To be sold at publick Vendue,
On Monday the 7th day of September next at the house of Hannah Rogers, Widow of Isaac Rogers, Esq. deceased, in Allentown;
HORSES, cattle,' sheep and hogs ; with farmers utensils, such as plows, harrows, three waggons and gears; also household furniture, consisting of beds, bedsteads and bedding, tables and table linen, chairs, desks, chests of drawers, with a variety of Kitchen furniture; also two Xegro wenches to be sold at private sale. The conditions will be made known, and attendance given on the day of sale, by us
JOSEPH BORDEN, ^ n
0 Executors.
SAMUEL ROGERS,
HANNAH ROGERS, j Executrix.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 385
X. B. All persons indebted to the estate of Isaac Rogers, Esq. deceased, are desired to make immediate pnyment to the above Executors.
WHEREAS Inquisitions were found the 12th day of June, 1778, against the following absconding persons, now with the enemy, viz. ' The honourable David Ogden, Esq. David Ogden, jun. Uzal Ward, William Stiles, Nathaniel Rich- ards, Thomas Bruen, Griffin Jinkens, Stephen Skinner, Esq. Benjamin Booth, Joseph Kingsland, Robert Drum- mond, Esq. Stephen Earrand, Lewis Greenfield, John Wheeler, Ebenezer Ward, jun. Isaac Longworth, jun. Isaac Ogden, Esq. Nicholas Ogden, Nathaniel Williams, Jona- than Sayres, Isaac Longworth, Thomas Longworth, Esq. John Van Waggoner, Garrabrant Garrabrants, juu. Jacob Brower, Garret Wonters, Caleb Sayres, Josiah Banks, Joseph Hallit, Peter Woods, Peter Browne, Benjamin Pierson, William Maxwell, Richard Stanton, Richard Yates, Peter Mowrison, George Wells, Thomas Galbreath, Peter Clopper, Abraham Van Geison, the Rev. Mr. Isaac Browne and Derick Schuyler; of which proclamation was made in Court the 23d day of June following, that they, or any person on their behalf, or any persons who should think themselves interested, might appear and traverse any the said Inquisitions : This is to give NOTICE, that unless they, or some other person on their behalf, agreeable to the said proclamation, do appear at the next Court of Quarter-Sessions to be held in and for the county of Essex, and traverse said Inquisitions, final judgment will be then entered against them.
JOSEPH HEDDEN, iun. ) ^
f Commis- SAMTJEX, HAYSE, and > .
™ r< (
THOMAS CANFIELD j
Essex County, July 22, 1778.
25
386 NEW JERSEY IN^ THE RKVOLl'TIOX. [1778
New-Jersey, ^
Monmouth, ss. ( WHEREAS inquisition hath been found against the following persons, to wit: Samuel Osborn, Daniel Vaumarter, William Taylor, Thomas Leonard, Alexander Clark, Robert James, John Longstreet, Hen- drick Vanmarter, John Throckmorton, Joseph Clayton, Israel Britten, John Oakison, John Thomson, Lewis Thomson, Cornelius Thomson, Thomas Bills late of Free- hold, John Leonard, Gisbert Giberson, Samuel Stillwell, William Giberson, junr. Robert Thomson, Samuel Grover, Thomas Grover, Anthony Woodward, Moses Robins, Barzillia Grover, Joseph Grover, John Leonard, junr. John Homer, Fuller Homer, John Ferine, Joseph Mairs, Thomas Lewis Woodward, Anthony Woodward, son of William, Jesse Woodward, Thomas Leonard son of John, John Lawrence, Esg. William Gisberson, Mallikiah Gisb- erson, John Polemas, Beuzeor Hinkson, Ezekill Forman, Richard Wain, Benjamin Giberson, Samuel Oakeson, James ISTalon, James Lawrene junr. Elisha Lawrence, Esqr. John Lawrence, Doctor William Grover, Isaac Allen, Esqr. late of Upper-Freehold, Thomas Crowel, George Taylor, Joseph Leonard, Jonathan Stout, Peter Stout, Thomas Stiki Willet, Oliver Hickes, Thomas Still- well, John Mount, Chrionce Vanmarter, Elias Baley, Conrod Hendricks, Joseph Baley, Samuel Cotterl, Richard Cole, Samuel Smith, John Smith, John Cotterl, John Bowne, John Leonard, James Pew, Thomas Thome, Ezikiel Tilton, Joseph Taylor, John Tilton late of Midle- town, John Taylor, William Walten, Christopher Talman, John Wardel, Esqr. Michael Price, James Mount, John Williams, Anthony Denies, John Pintar, Clayton Tilton, Samuel Cook, James Boggs, James Curlis, John Morris, Garnadus Beckman, Azael Chandler, William Price, John Williams, jun. Samuel Bard, Edward Goald, Robert Morris, Peter \7annote, William Wardel, Sarah Dennis, James Price, John Taylor, Morford Taylor, John Hanki- son, Timothy Schobe, William Lawrence, Peter Wardel,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 387
Oliver Talman, Richard Lippencot, Josiah White, Ben- jamin Woolley, Ebenezer Wardel, Robert Stout, Nathaniel Parker, John Hampton, Samuel Laton, Jacob Harber, Lamuel Laton, Jacob Emmons, Samuel Leonard, son of Samuel, William Gillin, John Burden, Britten White, Tobias Kiker, Daniel Lefetter late of Shrewsbury, John Irons, Samuel Leonard, David Smith, Samuel Brinley late of Dover. And whereas proclamation hath been made in court, that if either of the said persons, or any persons in the behalf of them, or either of them, or any person who shall think himself interested, will appear and traverse the said inquisitions so found against the said persons, and enter into security agreeable to law, to prose- cute such traverse to effect, or else the first default shall be recorded and judgment entered according to law. SAMUEL FORMAN, \ ^
July 29, 1778. KENNETH HANKINSON, > .
^ ( sioners.
JACOB WIKOFF, I
NOTICE is hereby given that there has been Inquisi- tions found, and returned to the last Court of Quarter- Sessions, according to an Act of the Assembly of this State, against Thomas Millidge, William Demayne, An- thony Hollinshead, Stephen Skinner, Asher Dunham, Ezekiel Beach, Adam Boyle, John Thorborn, Hugh Gain, Nicholas Hoffman, Joseph Conlife, John Steward and John Throp; and if they, or any person in their behalf does not appear to traverse the same at the next Court of Quarter-Sessions, final judgment will then be entered against them.
ALEXANDER CARMICHAEL,
Commissioner.
Morris County, August 5, 1778.
388 NEW JERSEY IN THE RKVni.rTK >N. [17 ix
WHEREAS a Court was holden at Bordentown, on the 6th day of August, 1778, to make inquisition, whether Daniel Cox and Joseph Taylor late of Trenton, and John Carty late of the City of Burlington, have offended against the form of their allegiance to the State, when the said inquisition was found true, and being properly certified, was returned to the Inferior Court of Common Pleas, holden in the county of Burlington on Tuesday the llth of this instant, and proclamation made thereupon in open court, as the law in that case provided directs, that they or any person on their behalf might appear and traverse the inquisition. ]^ow notice is hereby given, that unless the persons against whom the inquisition was found, or some person on their behalf, shall appear at the next Court of Quarter Session for said county, and offer to traverse the inquisition, it shall be taken to be true, and final judg- ment entered thereupon in favour of the state.
JOHN BUTLER, Commissioner.
Burlington County, August 14th, 1778.
THE Commencement of Queens-College, in Xew-Jersey, is to be held at Xew-Brunswick on Tuesday the 15th day of September. The Trustees are desired to meet at the same time and place. — As some necessary business is to dispatched before the exercises of the day begin, it is ex- pected they will give their attendance early in the morn- ing. It is hoped the Trustees will generally attend, as some important matters respecting alterations and amend- ments in the charter, will be submitted to the considera- tion of the Board.
JACOB K. HARPENBERGH, Clerk.
The Advertisers of the Grammar-School at Bar Han, beg leave to inform the Publick, that the price of board therein mentioned was regulated according to the price of provi- sions, as limited by the Regulation Act of this State : But as that act has since been suspended, they count themselves no farther responsible for that part of the advertisement.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 389
RAX AWAY from the subscriber, in Hope well, Huiiter- don county in the State of New-Jersey, a NEGRO MAX named TOM, short and well-set, his face much cut on both sides and on his forehead; had on a brown regimental jacket turn'd up with blue, a smart cock'd hat and gold band, red jacket, leather breeches and white stockings. Its supposed he is gone towards the army, having an inclina- tion to serve in it, or wait upon an officer. Whoever takes up said Negro, and returns him to his master, or secures him in any gaol in this State, shall receive Forty Dollars reward.
STEPHEN HUMPHREYS.
Aug. 7. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 38, August 26, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
A PLANTATION containing one hundred and sev- enty acres, in Salem county, about twenty-eight miles from Philadelphia. For particulars enquire of
WILLIAM ADCOCK
—The Pennsylvania Packet, August 29, 1778.
New- York, August 31. Last Tuesday arrived at Sandy- Hook from Cork, the Ship Sybella, with six Sail of Victuallers under her Convoy. She left that Port about the 27th of May.
The following is a List of the before mentioned Victual- lers : Sybella, Parrot, Hero, Blackie, Baltimore, Long- more; Achilles, Edwards; King George, Redmond; Mary, Smith, Fairlee, — — .
The above mentioned Ships were attacked off Egg-Har- lx>ur the Day before arrived by 5 Privateers, but beat them off with much Ease, and would have taken them all, had they not made Use of their Oars with uncommon Dexterity.
390 NKW JERSEY IX THE REVOLL'TIOX. [IT'S
The Ship Ambuscade, Capt. Mimds, arrived here yester- day in 7 weeks from Oporto: Three Days since he was chased off Egg-Harbour by three Privateers, but out-sailed them.
— New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, . b/'///x/ ol, 1778.
August 26, 1778.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD
STOLEN last night out of the subscriber's pasture, in Greenwich Township, Gloucester County, New-Jersey, a sorrel MARE, about fourteen hands high, with a blaze in her face, and branded lightly with the letters S. C. trots, paces, and canters, •though most natural to the former. Whoever secures the said Mare so that the subscriber may get her again, shall receive the above reward paid by
MICHAEL TURNER.
TO BE SOLD by Private Sale
A -TWO story brick Messuage, in the Town of Penn- ington, Hunterdon County, West-New-Jersey, with four rooms on a floor, a cellar under the whole, a convenient kitchen, two convenient store houses, smoak house, stables, &c. with ten acres of good land, three acres of which is excellent meadow. Also one other Messuage situate in the town aforesaid, one story and an half high, with two rooms on a floor, and a cellar under the whole, with five acres of good land, on which is a young bearing orchard of the best grafted fruit trees. Likewise one other Lot, situate in the town aforesaid, containing five acres, with a dwelling-house, barn, stable, &c. thereon erected. The situation is in a healthful part of the country, and will be sold either separate or together, as may best suit the pur-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 391
chaser. The first described Lot has an excellent stream of water running through the same. For terms apply to the subscriber living on Market-street wharf, Philadelphia, or Barnabas M'Shean, on the premises
JOSEPH BROWX. —The Pennsylvania Packet, September 1, 1778.
Mr COLLINS,
IN perusing your useful papers, those pieces which have a particular relation to the policy of New-Jersey generally draws my most serious attention. The happiness and well-beipg of its community, which lays near my heart, prompts me to it. I consider the legislative and execu- tive bodies in the State, as also the subjects, for whose benefit laws are made and executed, as fallible and imperfect men ; and therefore esteem any hints offered with deference and prudence to either of them, among the happy means for securing and promoting the happiness of a people, and the liberty of the press, (the medium of conveying them) one of the greatest advantages to civil society. Hence is evident, that the duty of those who presume to offer their thoughts to the publick, is not to aim at the detraction of their neighbour, raised above them in the esteem and confidence of their country, (such views are hatched in hell) but the real good of their country. I presume their opinions ought to be offered with judgment, prudence and candour, and urged with judicious and solid arguments. If this be confessed, what treat- ment do the labours of such authors deserve, as give us for arguments ridicule, low buffoonery and low surmises of the principles and views of other mens actions? — And the duty of those to whom the argu- ments are addressed undoubtedly is, to peruse them with attention, and reap all possible advantage from them for the regulation of con- duct in their different spheres of action. The man in office, who conceits himself above instruction, or disdains receiving it from any he may regard as his inferior, I hesitate not to pronounce as unfit for office. And it behooves the community at large, particularly in free and popular states, to improve their minds, in order that they may become qualified to serve their country in their turn.
Notwithstanding the general consent to the necessary qualifications in a writer, before mentioned, yet the contrary practice is too much pursued by many, and too eagerly made use of by others to bad pur- poses. I confess if we have under consideration the reasonings of a man who is justly suspected of subtle, designing and disingenuous prac- tices to promote his sinister views to his own private emolument, we have the more- reason to examine his arguments, and endeavour to discover their fallacy and expose their tendency ; but to treat even such arguments with mere scurrility and buffoonery, will by no means answer the necessary purposes ; and thus to treat the argumentation made use of in the pursuit of truth,' equity and justice, deserves the highest contempt. A few pieces, Sir, in your useful paper, have con-
392 \K\V JERSEY IN THE KKV< >H'T IOX. [1778
vinred me that New-Jersey is not free of such contemptuous characters : and therefore am apprehensive, should I presume to offer my thoughts on any subject, in order to promote justice, equity, truth, and thus the weal of civil society, I may meet with antagonists who will endeavour to confute my arguments only by branding them as selfish. To blunt the edge of such weapons as much as possible before an attack. I beg kave to give some descriptive account of myself, while I, in conformity to the present custom, conceal my name. What I am now about to say is matter of fact, and not a romance. By birth I am an American from generation to generation ; so that my ancestors have been among the virtuous few who have had to struggle, in the first settlement of America, with a howling wilderness and its cruel savages. As to civil principles, a real friend to democratical government ; one who has interested himself in the present contest, as far as his sphere of action would permit, to the extent of his abilities for the preservation of the liberty and independence of America. As to my circumstances in life, I gratefully acknowledge the favour of possessing a comfortable sub- sistence in real estate, which my own family improves ; and I hope what I have due will about adjust and balance the accounts against me. As to offices in the civil or military department, I hold none, and do not expect I ever shall : I have not the least prospect of any per- sonal advantages but sufh as I may reap in common with the rest of the community ; and therefore if self-interest sways me, it must be such as is the interest of the community ; and I frankly own this to be my darlinr/ object.
I beg of my readers to excuse the length of my preamble ; I had my reasons for it. I shall now proceed to what I had particularly in view. I have read, Sir, with serious attention, in your 13th number,1 the letter of T. "W. to his friend, and also the answer to it by Equal Taxer, in No. 1C.2 I do honestly declare that I know not who are the authors of those performances, nor the friend the letter was addressed to : but I am pursuaded the former gave no cause to the latter for the abusive language he so liberally makes use of in his animadversions on T. Ws letter, stigmatising his antagonist with the opprobrius epithets of usurer, in the odious sense of the appellation, a poor soul in which the revolution and independence of these States stuck, giving him leave to vomit it up or choak : A miser, poor creature, whom, he declares, if as he to keep on his knees, he would be charitable enough to flint] a copper to, to be quit of him, as a Pharisee, whose heart betrays him. Is this the language of a gentleman)? Is this the proper method to lead our fellow-creatures to the knowledge and practice of justice, equity and truth? Is this any proof that Equal Taxer is a whig and a friend to his country? I leave the answers to men of candour. The subject in debate is, the equity, justice and propriety of taxing mum it drawing interest. A subject, perhaps, more important than superficial reason ers may apprehend. The conclusion in the affirmative makes in my favour ; I would, however, always wish to be guided to the side of
1 See page 66, et seq., ante.
2 See page 112, et seq., ante.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 393
equity and justice, and have therefore endeavoured to weigh arguments on both sides : I have duly considered those of T. W. and the animad- versions of Equal Taxer on them ; and beg leave to offer a few obser- vations upon the subject, as treated by these gentlemen.
It appears to me that the 8th article in the Confederation of the States removes the first objection of T. W.
The second objection of T. W. is, the impracticability of the scheme. I think the spirit of his reasoning shows that he does not mean an absolute impossibility, but an impracticability of carrying it into* exe- cutifin irith any tolerable degree of equity and justice to the part of the com m unity concerned in it. The animadverter seems to have taken him in the first sense. The bonds. &c. in a desk are to him as his horse locked in a stable, and his improved lands equally known to his neighbours. I can not believe that the greatest favourer of this scheme will be able to give any credit to this assertion. Hard necessity seems, however, to extort from him the concession that it will prove somewhat more difficult to come at the knowledge of bonds, &c. than horses and lands : and therefore he proposes two ways, by either of which the difficulty might be removed. The first is, let bonds, ttc. not given up, be forfeited. But would this penalty bear proportion to that of other taxables? Excessive penalties may become real grievances. Farther, docs he mean that every bond not given up, and if all the bonds are given up, but not their whole amount, are all to be forfeited? as under the tyrannic government we have discarded, the least contraband dis- covered on board, the whole ship and cargo was forfeited. If only the sum not given up, then the poor innocents who are not well acquainted with accounts and tricks might get severely trounced ; but men of a contrary character would find easy means to elude the law. How would the assessor find out that any bonds or notes, &c. were kept back? Suppose he discovered bonds. &c. in a man's desk, to the amount of a thousand pounds, and that man declared that he owed to the amount of the same sum to others. Here the man's word must be taken, or he must either swear to it or produce the counter bonds : The latter is impossible ; because they are not attainable by him unless paid. And as to the former, I hope heaven will prevent such a pro- fanation of oaths among us, as naturally would arise from such tempta- tions to perjury as self-interest affords. The other is, let the borroicer pay the tax, and deduct it from the interest. This, I confess, appears the most reasonable : Let it however be considered, what the end in view would be, if the borrower was to have that sum deducted from his tax, there would be some inducement for him to give it up ; but if he must still pay the same as if he owed' none, will he have any thing to counterpoise the lender's ill-will, and the disagreeable situation of thereby giving an opportunity to all who may see the assessor's dupli- cate, to know how much he is in debt, and avail themselves of it? And yet even this method is not without its insurmountable difficulties. Only let us recollect how many thousands of pounds have been, and doubtless will be, borrowed from persons in other States. In such case- the borrower must pay tax for the property purchased with the money : he also must pay for the money it was purchased with, and the lender
^ .\KW JERSEY IX THE KEVOI/UTI<>.\ . [1778
pay for it in the State he lives. Here will be a treble tax for the same property. Our laws bind not in the other State; the borrower conies into that, is there arrested, and the bond and full interest recovered. Will this prove an advantage to the poor borrower, in whose favor Equal Taxer seems so much to plead? If money from other States be «jxt mpted, how long will it be till the men of wealth have all their money in other States, and borrowers here owe all there? A few of the middle class among us. whoso sums are small, and acquaintances in other States few, will be the only persons who will pay this tax. T. W. corroborates this argument by examples of our predecessors, both in Britain and New-Jersey. The animadverter's answer to this remark appeare to me mere scurrility and low buffoonery. His answer plainly amounts to this : The parliaments of George the third have become corrupt, venal and tyrannical ; therefore if T. \V. appeals to any of their predecessors, he becomes justly suspected of becoming a tory, the most despicable of the human race ! If such argumentation holds true, what must we judge of that august body the Continental Congress, who have, in their publick declarations, so liberally bestowed the epithets of virtuous, wise and brave upon the predecessors of the present Britons. If he would have enervated this corroboration of the argument, he should have proved that British parliaments, in their purest and best times, did tax bonds, &?. This would have answered his purpose.
•The third objection of T. W. is the injustice of it. Here the anirnad- verter assumes an air of argumentation ; but I confess that amidst all the parade and show of geometrical demonstration, I can find no conclu- sion that bears any reference to the matter in debate. The proposition which T. W. proves, is this: If the lender and borrower both pay tax, the one for the money, the other for the property purchased with it. Unit then the same property pays a double tax. Equal Taxer might as well have tried all his skill in geometry to demonstrate that two lines drawn parallel will meet ; and his skill in arithmetick. that two and three do not make five, as to prove the former proposition to be false. It became him then to have acknowledged the proposition ; and if lie still persisted in his notion of going on with the double tax on such property, to have proved it to be just and equitable. And here he would have received just as much assistance from the maxims in morality, as in the former from those in geometry. It appears impos- sible to me that men of virtuous principles, who are capable to under- stand the matter, can plead for a thing which is so flagrantly unjust. I acknowledge that men of my circumstances in life, who possess un- encumbered real estates, may reap benefits from such a tax, and such alone can do; but God forbid that I should call any thing just which in its own nature is unjust, for the sake of lucre or gain.
The animadiverter lays down as a maxim, property is defended, there- fore property must be taxed. This is granted ; but let him show why this property should pay double tax to what other property does. He endeavours to illustrate the application of the maxim to the case in hand, by this process : B purchases a farm from A for a 1000 /. and (lives his bond and mortgage upon the land for the money. B harin;/ no money when he purchased it, is supposed that the irholc of the
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 395
property belongs to A. Is this any proof that both A and B ought to pay the tax? Is it probable that a double tax will prevent a suit at law to dispossess B and strip his family? Can you pursuade yourself to believe it? In all probability you cannot; and why then all that combustion and hurly-burly made in consequence 'of a supposition you yourself do not believe? Perhaps Equal Taxer means that in the case before stated B should pay none, but A the whole of the tax. If this be his meaning he has at least given up that part of the dispute that T. W. proves to be unjust ; and then the whole of the remainder is, whether the lender or borrower ought to pay this tax? and in fact this only can be debated by men of virtuous principles.
Here I beg leave to observe, that in proportion as men have no interest to pay or receive, they become disinterested in this dispute; for, suppose the sum to be raised to 50,0001. will it not be perfectly equal to such men's share of tax in that sum whether the lender or borrower pays, since only the one or the other is to do it.
T. W. offered some reasons to show, that as this property is found in the actual possession of the borrower, he ought to pay the tax ; and that it is the business of the legislature so to regulate the interest that he might be able to do it. I was much surprised to find that the animadverter had made no remarks on this part of the argument, which was the only part that left room for fair debate.
(The remainder to be in our next.) (See page 407, post.)
TKENTON, SEPTEMBER 2.
We hear several prizes were taken last week, and brought into Egg-Harbour ; among which is a vessel from London, with goods to the amount of 20,000 pounds sterling.
Saturday night last the house of the widow Boellisfelt, near the Great Swamp in Amwell, was attacked by seven armed tories painted like Indians, who cruelly robbed her of 700 dollars, threatning that if she made the least noise or resistance they would put her to immediate death. We doubt not but the Gentlemen in authority will exert, them- selves to bring those daring villains to exemplary and condign punishment.
It is also asserted, that on Monday se'nnight the British fleet from ^New-York fell down just without the Hook;
396 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
next day seven topsail vessels, which came in from the southward, supposed to be part of Admiral Byron's squadron, were seen to join them, and in the evening the whole hoisted sail and stood to the eastward, bound, it is apprehended, to Rhode-Island.
Sunday several deserters from the enemy on Stateii- Island passed thro' this town.1 They left that place on Thursday last
The Secretary's office for this State is now kept at Bur- lington, in the usual place.
To be sold at private sale, At the Forks of LITTLE EGG-HARBOUR,
A considerable quantity of
Jamaica RUM, SUGAR and COFFEE — Also MAHOGANY, GINGER and ALLSPJCE — All of the first quality.
To be sold by public vendue on Friday, the llth instant September, at ten o'clock in the morning, at May's Land- ing, on Great Egg-harbour,
The prize sloop LUCY,
burthen about 60 tons, with all her tackle, apparel and furniture, as per inventory.
JOHN STOKES, Marshal.
To be sold at publick vendue, at the Forks of Little Egg-Harbour, on Thursday, the 10th inst. September, at ten o'clock in the forenoon,
The schooner JOHN and SALLY,
about 90 tons burthen, with her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo ; consisting of
100 puncheons of Jamaica spirit,
AND
9 tierces of Muscovado sugar.
JOHN STOKES, Marshal.
1 Trenton.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 397
Old Jamaica SPIRIT and Barbados
By the hogshead or less quantity; Best London lump WHITE LEAD ; black HORN
BUTTONS ; — And An excellent FARM of about 500 •
acres, lying at Raritan7 To be sold by ABRAHAM LOTT, at Beverwyck,
near Morris-Town
From whom may also be had, in exchange for all kinds of Country Produce, The very best ROCK SALT. August 29, 1778.
To be sold for cash, at publick sale, on Tuesday, the 15th of September, a TRACT of LAND, situated on Burling- ton road, about two miles above Monmouth court-house; containing between fifty and sixty acres. Said tract is well supplied with water, meadows and timber; also a stock of horses amongst Avhich are a pair of half-blooded, and several others fit for saddle or carriage; milch cows and cattle fit for fattening; some farming utensils; a quantity of nails, iron, and sundry other articles. The vendue to be held where the subscriber formerly lived, and to begin at one o'clock in the afternoon.
THOMAS HENDERSON.
Freehold, August 26, 1778.
EIGHTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN out of the pasture of Obadiah Howell, near Trenton, on the night of the 30th of August, two HORSES, viz. one a bright bay, about fifteen hands high, five years old, has a thin mane and tail with a small star in his fore- head, shod only before. The other a black mare, about fourteen hands high, a natural pacer, with a large star in her forehead, a thick mane and tail, part of the mane
398 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
trimm'd off on the right side, shod only before. The per- son that stole the above horses was seen riding on a grey horse and leading the two stolen ones. — Any person that will apprehend the thief, with the two horses, and bring them to the subscriber living in Amwell township, Hunter- don county, shall receive the above reward, and for the horses only Sixty Dollars.
STEPHEN HOWELL.
Amwell, Sept. 1, 1778.
For SALE in Trenton,
A STONE DWELLING-HOUSE, with two good rooms on a floor, two stories high and a good garret, with a kitchen in the cellar, standing in the main street1 nearly opposite Stacy Potts's: Likewise a Lot of Land of a little more than ten acres, adjoining the garden lately belonging to General Dickinson2 on the river road, and is bounded by the river; pleasantly situated; with about four acres of good meadow that may be part watered, and an orchard of about one hundred good bearing trees of grafted fruit of the best kind; also a spring of water that never fails, a little above the meadow; all in good fence most part new, about half a mile from Trenton. Any person inclin- ing to purchase, may know the terms by applying to the Printer of this paper, or to the subscriber,
JOHN PLASKETT.
August. 31, 1778.
1 King (now Warren) street.
2 General Dickinson resided at the "Hermitage," now within the limits of the city of Trenton.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 399
Was taken out of the pasture of the subscriber, at Englishtowii, when the army left it, A BAY HORSE about fourteen hands high, 12 or 13 years old, a natural trotter. — Was left in the same pasture at the same time, a brown MARE, about 14 hands high, with a blaze in her face, a natural pacer, and judged to be six or seven years old — If the owner of the mare has taken the horse thro' mistake, he is desired to return him and take his own — If the mare has been left by any other per- son, the owner is desired to pay charges and take her away ; and if the horse has been stolen, a reward of Eight Dollars and reasonable charges will be allowed to any per- son that returns him, unless so abused as to be unfit for service.
JOHN HENDERSON.
Englishtown, Aug. 24, 1778.
in the possession of the subscriber living in Evesham, Burlington county, A HEAVY moulded white HORSE pretty much flea-bitten, 12 or 14 years old. Supposed to be the same that was taken from the waggon of a person coming from Egg- Harbour with continental stores in May last. The owner is desired to come, prove his property, pay Charges, and take him away.
JOSIAH FOSTER.
New- Jersey, Aug. 22.
ANY person that understands the Silversmiths business, or that of Repairing Watches, and inclines to work journey- work at either, will find good encouragement by applying to JOHN DICKERSON, at Morris-Town.
August 24, 1778.
400 M-:\V JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
DESERTED,
From the First New-Jersey Regiment,
A certain Theophilus Cummins, about 21 years of age, five feet six inches high, supposed to be near New-German- town. — Also a certain William Erwin, about 17 years of age,, and about the same height as Cummins, of said regi- ment, Whoever secures either of the above, and delivers them to any continental officer, or confines them in any gaol and gives notice thereof, shall receive Twenty Dollars for each, and One Shilling per mile to camp, paid by me
JOHN V. ANGLIN, Capt.
Aug. 28.
New-Jersey, ) WHEREAS inquisitions have been found Middlesex, ss. j against the following persons, who have either joined the army of the King of Great-Britain, or have otherwise offended against the form of their alle- giance to this State, viz. Reune Runyan, Thomas Walker, Jacob Boice, Randolph Drake, Peter Holtom, William Terrill, Peter Vroom, Benjamin Dunn, John Vroom, Jere- miah Hempsted, Richard Lennox, Nicholas Munday, James Richmond, David Lennox, Benjamin Drake, John Willson, Joseph Thorn, Richard Merrill, John Auten, Ebenezer Foster, David Kent, Jonathan Clawson, Edward V. Dongan, Philip Gach, Alexander Watson, Thomas Stephen, William Blane, Robert Fitz-Randolph, Nathaniel Harned, Benjamin Alward, John Ford, John Hamed, William Smith, Dennis Combs, Elizeas Potter, Joseph Munday, John Dove, Hopewell Munday, Elizeas Barren, John Heard, Samuel Moore, David Alstone, Thomas Elston, David Jaquish, William Godbier and Nathaniel Munday, late of the county of Middlesex, and Philip French, late of the county of Somerset ; which inquisitions have been returned at the late Court of Common-Pleas
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. . 401
held at New-Brunswick, in and for the said county of Middlesex, and proclamation made in open Court ac- cording to law for the said offenders, or any person on their behalf, to appear and traverse the said inquisitions. NOTICE is hereby given to the said offenders, that if they do not appear, or any person in their behalf, or whoever shall think himself interested in the premises, at the next Court of Common-Pleas to be held at New-Brunswick, in and for the County of Middlesex, on the second Tuesday in October next, to traverse and put in the security required by law, that then the said inquisitions will be taken to be true, and final judgment will be entered thereon.
WILLIAM MANNING, ) Commission- EBENEZER FORD, j ers. Middlesex county, August 15, 1778.
New- Jersey, ) WHEREAS inquisitions have been found Middlesex, ss. j against the following persons, who have either joined the army of the King of Great-Britain, or have otherwise offended against the form of their alle- giance to this State, viz. Barnardus Lagrange, Frederick Wiser, Jacob Wiser, jun. James Collins, Andrew Norwood, John Pack, William Hall, Nathaniel Mundroe, Richard Davis, John Brown, Duncan M'Carty, Matthew Sleght, James Richmond, John Richmond, John Duychinck, Peter Barbine, Alexander Watson, Robert Grames, John Van Norden, jun. Oliver Delancey, of New- York, but who has estate in Middlesex county, Andrew Mersereau, John Perrine, jun. Samuel Smith, John Cook, Robert Martin, Stephen Skinner, Oliver Barbine, Robert Richard Crowe, Andrew Barbine, Samuel Warne, David Gosling, Robert Campbell, Cortland Skinner, and Philip French, of Somerset, but who has estate in Middlesex ; which inquisitions have been returned at the last Court of Com- mon-Pleas held at New-Brunswick, in and for the said county of Middlesex, and proclamation made in open Court according to law for the said offenders, or any per-
26
402 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTIOX. [1778
son on their behalf, to appear and traverse the said inqui- sitions. NOTICE is hereby given to the said offenders, that if they do not appear, or any person in their behalf, or whoever shall think himself interested in the premises, at the next Court of Common-Pleas to be held at New- Brunswick, in and for the county of Middlesex, on the second Tuesday in October next, to traverse and put in the security required by law, that then the said inquisi- tions will be taken to be true, and final judgment will be entered thereon.
JOHN LLOYD, ) Commis-
WILLIAM SCUDDER, j sioners. Middlesex county, August 15, 1778.
To be sold at publick vendue at Chestnut Neck, Little Egg-harbour, on Tuesday, the 8th inst. September, the following VESSELS, with their tackle, apparel, &c. com- plete, viz.
A FRENCH DOGGER, CALLED THE RISING
SUN, burthen about 100 tons — with a cargo of SALT in casks.
THE BRIG, CALLED THE GOVERNOR HENRY,
burthen about 110 tons — with 110 hogsheads of TOBACCO.
THE BRIG NANCY, BURTHEN 130 TONS.
AND THE SLOOP WILLIAM, BURTHEN 75 TONS — with a cargo of TOBACCO. — — Cash to be paid on the delivery of the vessels — and an inventory of each to be seen on the day of sale.
JOHX STOKES, Marshal.
September 2. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 39, Sept. 2, 1778.
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 403
TO THE PUBLIC
A STAGK WAGGON will set out on Monday morning from Peter Well's, at the Landing at Big Egg-harbour and to go to the Forks of Little Egg harbour, and from thence to Samuel Cooper's Ferry on Tuesday evening: On Thurs- day morning to set out from Samuel Cooper's Ferry, and to go to the Forks of Little Egg harbour, and from thence to Peter Well's at the Landing at Big Egg-harbour on Friday evening. Those Ladies and Gentlemen who please to favour me with their commands, may depend on their being executed with fidelity and dispatch, by
Their much obliged humble servant,
SAMUEL MAERYOTT.1 —The Pennsylvania Packet, September 3, 1778.
To Be Sold,
By way of Public Vendue, on Monday the 14th instant, at the Forks of Little Egg-harbour and Chestnut Keck, in the state of New-Jersey.
A Very valuable CARGO of the ship VENUS, (bound from London to New- York, lately captured and brought in there by Capt. David Stevens) consisting of fine and coarse broadcloaths, fine and coarse linens, calicoes, chintzes, lawns and cambricks, silks and sattins, silk and thread stockings, mens and womens shoes, a great variety of medicines and books, hard wTare, beef, pork, butter, cheese and porter, in short, the greatest variety of all kinds of Merchandize, too tedious to be inserted.
The Vendue to begin at Ten o'clock in the forenoon, and continue from day to day until the whole is sold. At- tendance will be given and conditions made known by
JOHN STOKES, Marshal.
1 This is the beginning of direct and certain transportation over land between Camden and the "shore" in the vicinity of Atlantic City.
404: NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION.
A very large quantity of loaf sugar and green tea. To be SOLD by Public V 'endue.
At May's Landing on Great Egg-harbour, on Friday the eleventh instant, at Ten o'clock in the morning, The prize sloop LUCY, with her tackle, apparel and furniture as per inventory. Also 30 or 40 hogsheads of best Eng- lish Island Rum, the remainder of the cargo of the prize sloop LARK, by
JOHN STOKES, Marshal. — The Pennsylvania Packet, September 5, 1778.
Philadelphia, August 18. On Thursday last, before the Hon. Thomas McKean, Esq; chief justice for this state, Elias Boudinot, Esq.1 delegate in congress for the state of New Jersey, appeared among others, an attorney, or council, for John Roberts,2 an infamous tory, now con- fined in the gaol of this county, on a charge of high treason. The question argued was, Whether said John Roberts may be admitted to bail ? This leads to another question, How far it is consistent with the dignity of con- gress for a delegate representing one of the Thirteen United States, actually attending his duty in congress, to appear as attorney or council in favour of notoriously dis- affected persons?
New- York, September 7. On the 20th ult. Capt. Sib- bles, in the Try on Letter of Marque, sunk a small Rebel Privateer belonging to Egg-Harbour, called the Glory of America, William Williams, Master; the Crew were
1 For sketch of Elias Boudinot see New Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 528.
2 John Roberts was a Philadelphian. Joining the Royal forces during Howe's occupation of the city (1777—78), he suffered death as a penalty for his adherence to the cause of the Crown. After sentence of death was imposed, several hundred of Roberts' fellow-townsmen presented memorials to Council, praying for respite or pardon. According to an account written by Isaac Ogden, the Loyalist, Roberts' wife and ten children went to Congress and supplicated mercy. Upon the gallows Roberts exhorted his children to remember the principles for which their father had died and to adhere to them while they had breath. In 1779 his estate was confiscated ; but in 1792 his property was restored to his widow.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 405
taken out and last Wednesday brought in here by his Majestys Ship Maidstone, Capt. Gardner, who was good enough to receive them from on board the Tryon. The Captain of the Privateer and one of his Hands were put on board the Daphne.
Last Saturday Morning a small Boat from Kings Bridge going too near the Jersey Shore at Hoebuck, was fired upon by a Party of Men that lay in Ambush in the Meadows, and 'tis supposed some of the People in the Boat got hurt : The Boat immediately made to the Shore, when the Crew were made Prisoners, and the Boat burnt.
It was confidently asserted in Jersey last Saturday, that General Pigot attacked General Sullivan in his Retreat from Rhode-Island, on which a bloody Battle ensued; that the latter lost many Men and several Officers of Dis- tinction, but that General Piggots Loss was not known, though General Sullivan kept the Field; that all the Particulars relative to the Action was not received, but that an Express was expected at Elizabeth-Town with an Account last Saturday.
The 7th of August two large French Ships and a Snow from Cape Francois, attacked the Sovereign, Capt. Wheatley, and some others of the Fleet, when a smart Engagement ensued, in which three Men on board the Sovereign were wounded, one of which was Capt. Boyd of the Glasgow Brig, who went to assist Captain Wheatley, had his Leg shot off, of which wound he died. The French Snow is brought in here, but the two Ships escaped. Last Friday they were attacked by several Privateers off Egg- Harbour, one of them a Brig.
The same Day 14 Vessels arrived here from London, having left the Downs the 13th of June. One of the Fleet, a Brig called the Recovery, is said to be taken and carried into Egg Harbour.
— New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, September 7, 1778.
400 XEW JEKSEY IX THE REVOLl TK>.\. [1778
SIXTEEN DOLLAES REWARD,
STOLEN from the subscriber, living in Northampton Burlington county, a small dun MARE, about twelve years old, with a white main and tail, one of her hind feet white as high as the hoof, and the other part white, some white in her face, paces, her buttock steep, and low carriage; likewise an old saddle and bridle, taken at the same time ; supposed to be taken by a Dutchman named LEONARD, (his other name not known) Whoever takes up said mare, saddle and bridle, so that the owner may get them again, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable charges, and SIXTEEN DOLLARS for the thief, paid by
CHARLES MOLLIS.
' N. B. It is supposed the above mare has been taken
towards Conococheague.
Salem County, Aug. 27, 1778.
NOTICE is hereby given to all persons within the de- partment of the subscriber, in the state of New-Jersey, that have any demands against him as Pay-master to the Militia, to bring in their accounts properly attested, by the 21st of September, and they shall be paid. As it is absolutely necessary the public accounts should be settled as soon as possible, it is expected none will exceed the time specified
THOMAS CARPENTER, P. M. — The Pennsylvania Packet, September 8, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 407
(See page 395, ante.) (Continued from our last.)
IN order to assist in pursuit of the knowledge and practice of jus- tice, equity and truth, I beg leave to offer the following observations :
1. That by reason of the opportunities the monied part of the com- munity has to extortionate on the indigent, it becomes the legislature to interpose and regulate: the interest.
2. That the lending and -borrowing of money to purchase freeholds, is of vast advantage both to individuals and to the community. — By limiting it to the purchase of freeholds, I mean to exclude that of merchants, who entice people to buy many superfluities upon credit, and afterwards not only get bonds or notes, but even make them pay interest for their book debts. This is ruin to a community, against which the legislature ought to guard as much as possible.
To make the proposition as above stated, evident, let us suppose B borrows from A 10001. and buys with it a farm worth that money. It is confessed the property of that farm properly belongs to A. Also D hires of C a farm worth 10001. Thus far these two are alike. The difference is here, B has the fee-simple, and whatever improvement he makes upon the farm, redounds to his own advantage ; which is a manifest incitement to industry, prudence, care and ceconomy. The case of D, who hires the farm, is the reverse. All his improvements on the farm redounds to C, who has the title. The natural result is, that farms thus purchased, have been well improved, to their own and the publick's advantage, while those hired have been neglected. Hence has followed the matter of fact which none will presume to deny, that where one man has made an estate by hiring farms in America, five hundred, perhaps a thousand, have made them by borrowing money.
Here permit me to express my surprize at the amazing ignorance and stupidity of the Equal Taxer, who asserts, that it cannot be the duty of any state, especially these in America, to encourage usurers, If by usurers he only means such as exact unlawful and immoderate interest, I cordially join with him ; but from his reasoning it is mani- fest this is not his meaning. If the Americans, from the beginning of its settlement, by combating the men who live upon their money as useless members of society, had so embarrassed the lending of it that money could not have been borrowed, what would have been the con- sequence? The answer may be readily given — The monied gentlemen would have laid out their money in lands, (as this friend to his country would have it) and thousands of American freeholders, who now live in affluence, and prove the bulwark against English tyranny, would now have been the tenants of some tyrannical lord, bidding up against their neighbours the rents of farms, in order to obtain a bare livlihood for themselves and families, and thereby enable his lordship more effectually to tyrannize over them. Is this what Equal Taxer aims at? With his leave I shall here borrow his exclamation: Kind heaven! deliver my country from such Equal Taxers.
408 M-;W JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTIOX [17 7 v
Let it also be observed, that the opportunity of borrowing money has been, and will be, the means, especially in America, of keeping rents of farms within bounds ; for a tenant, who by oeconomy and iu- diustry has gained something while the terms of his lease were moderate, finding that his landlord begins to bear harder upon him, may borrow an additional sum, and purchase a freehold ; so that the landlord cannot here get his tenant in the dilemma of complying with his demand or be ruined. Such attempted oppression then only proves the means of advancing the tenant's and, the community's interest ; which would not be the case if money was not to be borrowed.
Hence it appears, that though in point of equity and justice it would be the same, yet in point of policy to our natural advantage and safety, the taxing of both landlord and tenant for the same farm, would be greatly preferable to that of the lender and borrower of money ; because it would have a natural tendency to the purchase of freeholds, to pri- vate and publick emolument.
3. I observe hence, that it is the duty of our legislators to encourage the lending and borrowing of money for the purchase of lands. He that consents to my former observations, cannot deny this. Lending and borrowing are relative terms, inseparable from each other. If no money is to be lent, there can be no borrower ; if there is no borrower, money cannot be lent. The manifold advantages arising from the pur- chase of freeholds in the settlement of this new country, are doubtless very strong incitements to the borrowing of money. Hence it is the duty of the legislature to take care that the borrowing of it be not so embarrassed by opportunities for extortion, or any other way, that the disadvantages of borrowing overbalance the advantages in pur- chasing. It is manifest from the nature of things, that as soon as this becomes the case, such purchases will decrease and stop ; also that the lending of it be not so embarrassed, that those who -have it may have no inducement to let it to others for use. It is very evident and natural to suppose, that if persons who have the money, see it to be to the safety and emolument of their estates to apply it any other way, they will not let it to interest. And I hope it will be allowed, that men have as good a right to dispose of their money as their other posses- sions. And here it is evident, whatever inducements may be for pur- chase, none can be made if no money is to be hired, save only by the few who have it, and consequently the most profitable improvement of America will cease. Thus it appears to me that the foregoing observa- tion is undeniable.
4. That any law which subjects the money borrowed for the purchase of freeholds to a double tax in proportion to other taxables, is of per- nicious tendency to the State, as well as unjust in its nature. I con- ceive this proposition to be undeniably evident from all what I have before offered.
5. I observe that it is the duty and business of the legislature so to regulate the paying of the tax aforesaid, as may do justice to lender and borrower, and prove an encouragement to both : He that consents to the former propositions, will not presume to deny this. Here, how-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 409
ever, is the grand point, to wit, How the legislature is to conduct the matter, in order to obtain this valuable end in view ! Here I think one important consideration is, to guide in the deliberation. If the circumstances of times and things are such, when the law is about to be passed, as plainly insinuates that the borrower has got so far the advantage of the lender, by the rise of the value of his farm and its income, as to enable him to pay the tax, and then leave him upon such good conditions to his advantage as when he took the money, he ought to pay the tax. If by the fall of the price of lands and its produce, the lender has got the advantage of the borrower as that he may pay the tax, and be then left upon equal terms of advantage with the borrower, he ought to do it ; and when circumstances are such that neither should pay the whole, that then the parts ought to be regulated in proportion to the foregoing rule®. Such regulations would leave this matter on its former footing, which has proved, by long experience, of great advantage to individuals and the community.
6. I observe, in the last place, that it becomes the legislature to regulate this matter between lender and borrower in such a manner as may be most agreeable and advantageous to both, which certainly will prove an encouragement to both, before proved to be necessary and profitable. And thus in forming this plan two things ought to be avoided ; on the one hand, to oblige the borrower to render an account of what he owes ; and on the other, the lender of what he has due. The disagreeable nature and bad consequences of the former, I think are such as ever to deter the legislature from attempting it, if pos- sible to be avoided. The reasons are not only the disagreeable feelings it must produce in the mind of an honest and industrious person, who has been obliged: to encumber himself, for the present, in order to promote his future advantage, to have a state of his debts laid open to every assessor, and also to every one who may inspect the duplicate in the hands of the collector, but also the grand abuse which ill-disposed neighbours might make of it, to the great damage of himself and family. And as to the latter, although they may be out of the reach of such abuse, yet those among them who are men of honour and tender feelings, will feel disdain rise in their breasts from such injury. Though some persons of a contrary character may be disposed to trifle with this remark, yet if I may be permitted to suppose that men of honour at different times and places may have the same feelings, I appeal, for a corroboration of this remark, to the effect of the attempt which Philip the second made in the United Netherlands. Every one ac- quainted with the history of that nation, knows what was the effect of the laws which that tyrant caused to be made, exacting the tenth, fiftieth and hundredth penny. One of the grand obections was, that an inquiry was necessary to be made into private estates, to which reference was had in the laws, in order to levy the tax. The then Dutch were men of such feelings, that when the inquiry was attempted to be made, they absolutely refused to submit ; and this proved one of the main causes of their general revolt.
Hence remains the only safe, equitable, just and easy way ; and that is the regulation of the interest, which in effect answers all the valuable
410 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
purposes before mentioned, and avoids all inconveniences. To make this evident, let us suppose that B pays 7 per cent, interest ; circum- stances change, so that justice requires that A should pay the tax for that sum, which we will suppose to be 1 per cent. Query, what is the difference to the borrower whether he pays the tax and has it deducted from the interest, or whether he pays the interest in full, and has that sum deducted from his tax? or whether instead of 7 he pays 6 per cent? In every case the borrower, who has the improvement of the farm purchased for that money, pays 101. And let the borrower say whether he chose rather to pay 701. interest, and then be obliged to give up this sum. to the assessor, and expose his debt to the view of the world, and the lender pay 101. of it, or pay 601. and be free of all the other disagreeable encumbrances? I am sure he would not hesitate a moment.
How far the reasons I have offered on this subject are founded on equity, justice and truth, I leave to the candid publick to judge.
The remarks of the animadverter on the fourth objection of T. W. is a piece of such mean scurrility, as demeans it below the notice of any man of candour ; as for me, I shall regard it no other. I do hon- estly declare, that though I do reap as much benefit from such a law, in proportion to what I am worth, as any man in the State possibly can do, yet I find my mifid sensibly affected with the subject of T. "NY's fourth objection. How can I avoid feeling, when I recollect how many widows and orphans there be, whose deceased guardian has directed by his last will, that his estate should be sold, and his widow and orphans be maintained out of the income of the amount, which at that time afforded them a comfortable subsistence? The depreciation of the Continental currency, which a set of tory villains have first begun, and a set of extortioners, more abandoned, if possible, than the former, have since encouraged and supported, has since reduced their principal to less than half its first value. And what can they now purchase for the income towards their maintenance? while they get 5 or 6 per cent, they must pay 500 or 600, and many things 800 or 1000 per cent, for the necessaries of life. In the same predicament are many honest friends to their country, who have fled from a tyrannical enemy and left their abodes and employments, in hopes of procuring a livelihood by some money they had out in the country, and some they took along with them, and have taken shelter among us.
These things considered, it is evident that no people among us have been obliged to make a greater sacrifice of property, or, in other words, no property has paid greater taxes than money, in the present glorious struggle for liberty; for, while the farmer, mechanick and day labourer follows the track of the extortionate trader, the widow, the orphan, the superannuated, and many virtuous refugees, remain confined within bounds. I fear this will open a view, if kind heaven does not prevent, which will make many an innocent bleed to death. I cordially wish that Equal Taxer, who so eagerly pursties the miser, as the useless member of society, (of which, I am pursuaded, he shall overtake but a small number in this State, in comparison with the extortioner, and even the innocent sufferers I have mentioned) would here do what he
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 411
with great parade was about to do in another case, that is, put on spectacles, and try whether he cannot discover suffering innocence, and thereby recover bowels of pity, if ever he had the feelings of it ; then I am sure he would not endeavour to add unjust taxation to the oppres- sive load of unjust depreciation of their property and its income.
If I have erred in what I have here offered to the consideration of others, I do declare it has not been intentional ; my pursuit is after equity, justice and truth: And 'till I be otherwise convinced by better reasons than I have hitherto seen, I shall remain satisfied that I have argued on the right side of the question.
/ am, Sir,
Your and the publick's humble servant,
A TRUE PATRIOT.
From the BURLINGTON ALMANACK.
To the Author of the Burlington Almanack.
AT a time when sweetening has betsome so very scarce and dear as not to become at by many, it may be agree- able to some of thy readers to know that a very good syrup, nearly equal to West-India melasses, may be made of Indian corn stalks, in the following manner :l
As soon as the grain is hard enough to save with care, and before the leaves lose their verdure, husk the corn, clear the stalks of leaves, and cut them close to the ground: the tassel, with three or four joints of the top, may then be taken off, and the rest of the stalk run through a good apple mill well wedged up, unless a mill with round rollers, made for the purpose, can be had, which is the best, as the stalks may be run through that a second time; keep a large tub under the nuts or rollers, with a coarse linen cloth tied over it to separate the pure juice from the broken stalks: the liquour thus strained should immediately be put over a good fire in a brass kettle, some say iron is good, skim it clean as long as any skum arises: after which, and the liquor boils, it should be stirred frequently, and when boiled away to near one third, strain it through a flannel, or if that cannot become at, a coarseish strong linen cloth will do, then immediately hang it over the fire again, and boil it until of a proper
1 See page 420 post.
412 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
thickness, which may be known by cooling a little in a bowl. It is observable, when near done, a rich yellowish froth appears on the top, resembling that which sometimes is seen in warm weather on good melasses; and in this last boiling it should be almost constantly stirred with a wooden stick, to prevent its burning. The time it re- quires to evaporate to a perfect melasses depends a little upon the ripeness of the juice when the stalk is cut, and the briskness of the fire; if the juice is in maturity, and the liquor is kept in a constant good boil, about seven or eight hours actual boiling has been found sufficient, otherwise a longer time is necessary. The process may be expedited and much helped by having several kettles on at once : and when partly boiled and strained as above directed, put the whole into one that will contain and finish it off; this makes room for more fresh juice, and prevents burning the kettle or the melasses.
A very good melasses may also be made of pumpions,1 by baking them until soft, then expressing the juice and boiling it as above; and also of cider made of sweet apples: In both cases the second straining is necessary to make it of the best quality.
If these hints, from one who has had some little ex- perience, may put others upon making the trial, and fur- nishing thy next year's Almanack with a more clear and practical method in one or all of these branches of manu- facturing this useful commodity, and in the meantime encourage my countrymen to supply themselves with a substitute for the foreign melasses, that may atone in some measure for the present scarcity, and perhaps save the importation of so much made by the iron liand of slavery, in future the aim of thy correspondent will be answered.2
DULCIS.
1 Obsolete or archaic form of pumpkin.
2 See, as related hereto, "An act to encourage the manufacture of beet sugar in this State" (P. L. 1872. p. 91), and "An act to encourage the manufacture of sugar in the State of New Jersey" (P. L. 1881, p. 30). The latter act expired five years after its passage, but under its stimulus sugar cane was grown in the southern part of New Jersey and a large sorghum mill was erected at Rio Grande, Cape May county.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 413
TRENTON, SEPT. 9.
On Saturday last His .Excellency Governor Livingston passed thro' this town, on his way to Philadelphia, and yesterday he returned; having paid a visit to Monsieur Gerard, the French Ambassador. In a short time after the Governor's arrival here from the city he set out for Princeton, in order to meet the Legislature of this State, who are to meet there this day for the dispatch of public business.
Yesterday arrived here from Philadelphia, the Provost Troop of Light Dragoons, under the command of Captain Hair, being on their way to camp at White Plains.
Last Monday evening five villains, two of whom, we hear, acknowledge themselves to be of the gang that robbed the Widow Boelsfelt near the Great Swamp, as mentioned in our last, were brought to town, and com- mitted to close gaol.
This is to give Notice to the PUBLICK in GENEKAL,
THAT DANIEL MANNING still continues to carry on the DISTILLERY at William Savage's, within four miles of Princeton, where he intends to use the utmost of his en- deavours to give final satisfaction to all who please to fa- vour him with their custom, which he flatters himself he is capable so to do, as he has already provided a number of hogsheads, in order to relieve those that are sent with the commodities that are to be distilled, and as casks at present become a scarce article.
N". B. Said Manning proposes to distill at the moderate rate of one gallon of the spirit each barrel will produce when distilled.
September 2, 1778.
414 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Thirty Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen, on the 5th inst. from the subscriber at the Scotch Plains in Essex county, New-Jersey, a dark bay MARE and COLT, both have a small star in their fore- heads ; the mare is about 14 hands high, trots and paces ; as does the colt. Whoever takes up said mare and colt, and secures them, so that the owner may get them again, shall have the above reward and reasonable charges.
JOHN WEBSTER, the 3d.
Sept. 7, 1778.
TAKEN from a British Doctor at Crosswicks, about the first of July last, a bay MARE, supposed to belong to a sub- ject of the United States, about thirteen hands high, six or seven years old. She has been advertised before. The owner is desired to come prove his property, pay charges, and take her away.
JOHN MOORE.
Crosswicks, September 4, 1778.
WILLIAM RICHARDS,
HAS removed his medicines, &c. from Reading to his store in Philadelphia, on the North side of Market-street, next door to the corner of Second-street, at the sign of the Spread Eagle, where he manufactures and sells the best velvet corks, and mustard; he gives seven pounds ten shillings per bushel for mustard seed, and twenty shill- ings per half peck. A good cork-cutter is wanted, and a man that understands making the G R Holland stone ware.
Said RICHARDS has at Lamberton, (one mile below Trenton) put his stores, wharf, and his schooner called the Lamberton Packet, in proper order for the reception of goods to and from Philadelphia, and for the accomoda- tion of passengers.
1T78] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 415
BROKE into the pasture of the subscriber, innkeeper, in AEorristown, on the 24th day of June last, a bay MARE, with an old saddle and part of a bridle on her, is about 14 hand and a half high, trots and paces, but mostly inclin- ing to a pace; a large white streak in her face, branded with an H on her near thigh, but not easily perceived ; shod before; supposed to be about six or seven years old. The owner is desired to prove his property, pay the charges, and take her away, otherwise she will be sold, as she has been advertised for a stray.
ENOCH CONGER.
Aug. 24, 1778.
Twenty Dollars Reward.
WAS STOLEN out of the team of the subscriber at Bor- dentown, New-Jersey, a roan HORSE, about 4 years old; he is very much galled on his neck and right shoulder, a little hipshotten, natural pacer, and about 15 hands high. Whoever secures said horse, so that the owner may get him again, shall have the above reward and reasonable charges, paid by the subscriber at Col. Hoagland's.
ANTHONY WHITEMAN.
Wants employ, as a CLERK,
A Young man, who can come well recommended for his honesty, sobriety and attention to business. — Any Gentle- men inclined to employ such a person by sending proposals to the Printer hereof, shall be duly answered.
Sept. 1, 177S.
Thirty Dollars Reward.
STOLEN on Monday night last, from the subscriber, liv- ing near Kingston, a black MARE about 15 hands high, well made, has a good carriage, a lump on the top of her head.
416 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
occasioned by the pole-evil, long dock, and shod before. Whoever apprehends the thief, so that he may be brought to justice, and secures the mare for the owner, shall have the above reward, or Twenty Dollars for the mare only, paid by
FARNANT GULICK.
September 4, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
A Plantation in Upper Freehold, Monmouth county, about four miles from Allentown ahd twelve miles from Bordentown, containing about 400 acres of land, with a very good house, barn and out-houses, with fine orchards, 30 acres of meadow, and near 200 acres of wood-land; a great part of said farm is in cedar fence, well watered, in a healthy part of the country, three miles from the pines, ten or twelve miles to the cedar swamps; the land is good for corn, wheat, and grass. For further particulars enquire of the subscriber on the premises.
PETER IMLAY.
Sept 2, 1778.
To the PRINTER of the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE.
SIR,
SEVERAL essays have been published in your Gazette, and in other News-papers, calculated to prove the superior excellence of our inde- pendence to that of our subordination to Great-Britain. But as the lion told the man, who showed him the statute of a human figure with that of a lion at his feet, "that men were the only statuaries ; and that if "lions understood the art of carving images, they would represent the
"man prostrate before the lion" So I may venture to say that all
those essays are the compositions of warm whigs, who are intoxicated with the imaginary charms of democracy ; and that were the friends of government to handle the subject, they could easily shew its superiority to all our republican and levelling systems. This talk I have under- taken in a firm reliance of being allowed that freedom of sentiment to which, according to our professed ideas of liberty, every man seems
to be clearly entitled I shall, therefore, without any apprehensions
of exposing myself to a legal prosecution, and with the greatest de- corum and impartiality, proceed to particularize some eminent advan- tages peculiar to the old government, of which we are most lamentably deprived by our independency and republicanism.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 417
The most violent whig will not presume to deny that we have con- tracted an enormous debt by the present war ; and though we are very able to pay it, (which our short-sighted politicians urge as an argu- mont to alleviate the affliction) it is that very ability of ours which, in my opinion, enhances the misfortune ; for as we are able to pay the debt, I am under great apprehensions we really shall pay it. But in this respect Great-Britain, has evidently the advantage, because being utterly incapable of discharging her national arrears, it is certain she never will discharge them ; and indeed her incapacity annihilates her obligation, it being an indisputed maxim in law, that no one is obliged to impossibilities. What renders her situation still more fortunate, and in which she differs from all other debtors in the world is, that she continues to have credit after being universally known to be insolvent. But who will trust America after she becomes bankrupt? Not even his most Christain Majesty himself. Would it not, therefore, have been infinitely better for us to have remained in subjection to a nation that can equip the most formidable fleets and armies on credit, and prose- cute endless wars in every quarter of the globe, not only without any cash of her own, but without the least intention of repaying what she borrows from others for that purpose? The argument is conclusive.
Again, the Congress, notwithstanding our present exalted opinion of that respectable body, may in process of time, betray their trust, and
sacrifice our liberties. But in this perfidious manner the House of
commons cannot serve their constituents, because the people selling their voices to the members on election, the latter undoubtedly may, without the imputation of corruption, dispose of theirs to the ministry, to re-imburse themselves the expenditure ; and the matter being thus understood by both parties, bribery in the representative cannot be considered as a violation of his duty. And as to their sacrificing the liberties of the people, it is manifest from the electors repeatedly chusing the most obsequious instruments of administration, that they really intend them to be thus obsequious ; and that, saving to them- selves the precious privilege of calling their king a fool, and his mother a w--re, (a privilege peculiar to Englishmen) the parliament may justly dispose of the remainder of their rights and liberties as they please. And indeed I cannot see how any people can, have greater liberty than that of freely resigning all liberty whatsoever. It is therefore evident that the people of England can never be betrayed by parliament, nor wrongfully abridged of their liberty, except only by an express statute against libelling his majesty and his mother, (which, in consideration of the resignation aforesaid) is not likely to be ever passed. We, on the contrary, shall have reason to complain of a breach of trust, whenever our delegates in congress act in deroga- tion of our rights, or deviate how minutely soever from the path of rectitude and integrity ; which, from the imperfections incident to human nature, are undoubtedly possible events.
That the vulgar should be flattered by our muggletonian, tatter- demalion governments, is not to be wondered at, considering into what importance those whimsical raggamufEn constitutions have elevated the
27
418 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
heretofore dispicable and insignificant mobility. But I am astonished that men of fashion and spirit should prefer our hotchpotch, oliverian, oligargical anarchies, to the beautiful, the constitutional, the jure diriito. and the heaven-descended monarchy of Britain. For pray how are the better sort amidst our universal levelism, to get into offices? During the halcyon days of royalty and loyalty, if a gentleman was only blessed with a handsome wife or daughter, or would take the trouble of informing the ministry of the disaffection of the colonies, suggesting at the same time the most proper measures for reducing them to parliamentary submission, (the inexhaustible source of all peace and felicity) he was instantly rewarded with some lucrative appointment, his own disqualifications and the maledictions of the rabble notwithstanding. But how is a gentleman of family, who is always entitled to a fortune, to be promoted to a post of profit, or station of eminence in these times of unsubordination and fifth mon- archynismf Why, he must deport himself like a man of virtue and honor, (which abridges him of a thousand innocent liberties) and would in almost any other employment yield him ten times the amount of his emoluments. He must moreover pretend to be a patriot, and to love his country, and he must consequently be a hypocrite, and act under perpetual vesfl-aint, or he is detected and discarded with infamy. Besides, it is not only the smallness of our salaries, and the necessity of having an adequate degree of merit to get into office, (a condition never exacted by the generosity of monarchs) but the com- parative scanty of offices themselves, that must make every man of laudable ambition eternally regret our revolt from the mother country: For the present governments being manufactured by the populace, who have worked themselves into a pursuasion of I know not what, of public weal and public virtue, and' the interest of. one's country, it has been ridiculously imagined that there ought to be no more offices in a state than are absolutely requisite for what these deluded creatures call the benefit of the commonwealth. Under the old constitution, on the contrary, whenever the crown was graciously disposed to oblige a gentleman, (and the royal coffers at the happy juncture of princely munificence happened to shew rather too much of their bottoms) an office was instantly invented for the purpose ; and both land and water, earth and sea should be ransacked, but his Majesty would create a Surveyor of Woods and a Sounder of Coasts. Thus every humble suitor who had a proper introduction was always sure of being genteely provided for, without either consulting a mob, or losing any time about the wild chimera of public utility.
The article of religion is another thing in which the British consti- tution has manifestly the advantage of ours. For notwithstanding our boasted generosity on that momentous subject, and all our pompous declarations of leaving every one at his option to chuse his own re- ligion, our gentlemen of distinction are now obliged, in order to co-incide with the popular prejudice, to give some presumptive evidence of their being neither atheists nor deists. Whereas, in England, and indeed in America, before our unhappy defection, the belief in Christianity as a
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 419
qualification for any office was entirely out of the question ; nor did any public personage, or gentleman of fashion, think himself under the least obligation to give any proof, even of his faith in the existence of a Deity, except only that of profanely swearing by his name. Nay, amidst all our parade of Catholicism, it is well known that not a lady in the land, let her be as whiggish as the Congress itself, can now enjoy the liberty of conscience of wearing an innocent head-dress of three feet in altitude, without falling under the suspicion of being dis- affected to independency, and perhaps exciting surmises still more indelicate and uncharitable. Nor can it be denied, that many truly conscientious persons have been roughly handled for only conveying intelligence to the British troops, and others for supplying them with a trifle of provisions, (according to scriptural precept of feeding our enemies) tho' they made the most solemn professions of their peaceable neutrality, and even of their friendly disposition to the United States, which is beyond all question downright persecution for conscience sake.
We have irretrievably lost, by our fatal revolt, another important advantage, I mean the late useful and uninterrupted influx of the British gallantry, and all the politeness of the Court of London. While we received our governors and other principal officers imme- diately from the fountain-head of high life and polish'd manners, it was impossible for us to degenerate into our primitive clownishness and rusticity. But these being now unfortunately excluded, we shall gradually reimmerse into plain hospitality, and downright honest sin- cerity ; than which nothing can be more insipid to a man of breeding and politesse. Alas, how often shall we recall to mind those jovial and delicious hours, when our bucks experienced the inimitable conviviality, and our belles the not-to-be-told-of endearments of a Dunmore1 and a Sparks ! " And with respect to that unnecessary and rebellious inno- vation in the ancient and constitutional colour of the British military uniform, which Congress have wantonly transformed into all the multi- farious discolorations of Joseph's coat ; I pertest, were I a woman, I should instantly turn tory in revenge of the dismal prospect of our not having, by next Christmas, a single red-coat on the continent.
Our printers, I am confident, will universally join me in my lamenta- tion over our unfortunate secession. .These gentlemen, in conformity to the principles of our civil establishments, (probably indeed coinci- dent with their own, but that renders foreign restraints not the less arbitrary or irksome) are cruelly restricted to plain truth and decency ; while their brother-craftsmen in the enemy's lines, with the whole typographical fraternity on the constitutional island, are generously
1 Last royal Governor of Virginia.
- A most accomplished royal governor in the West-Indies, who, by his peculiar tenderness for everything in petticoats, whether feme sole or feme covert, occasioned a most unnatural conspiracy of a number of husbands and fathers, who rushed into his room and traitorously slew him upon the spot. — An indignity to the regal appointment, which Great-Britain from her parental affection for the colonies, plantations and provinces, was too indulgent to punish as a rebellion against the supremacy of parliament.
420 NEW JERSEY IN" THE REVOLUTION. [1778
permitted to range uncontrolled thro' the boundless fields of imagina- tion, and to exert all the powers of inventive genius in embellishing their publications with the marvellous; which has ever been deemed a capital beauty in composition, and affects the mind in the most agree- able manner, by its unexpected surprize and novelty.
Thus have I endeavoured' to point out the most essential defects of our republican government, and have, in my humble opinion, offered sufficient reasons to induce every dispassionate American to wish for a speedy reconciliation with the parent state, consistent with that union of force, on which the safety of our common religion and liberty depends.
I ought, however, candidly to acknowledge that many gentlemen are of opinion that we have gained one very material advantage over Great-Britain by our separation from her, I mean that no persons employed by the States are mistrusted for imitating her example in peculation, and defrauding their country in any the departments com- mitted to their management, and that all continental property is hus- banded with the greatest ceconomy ; but this, without any predilection for Old England, I shrewdly suspect wants confirmation.
HORTENTIUS.1
— New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 40, September 9, 1778.
From the PENNSYLVANIA PACKET.
An ESSAY upon the manufacture of INDIAN COEN STALKS, for the purpose of making Molasses, Sugar, and Spirits.2
As the habit of using saccharine or sweetening sub- stances, such as sugar, molasses and syrup, has become so common as to constitute a considerable part of our com- merce, as well as of our sustenance, particularly for the female and more delicate part of the community, and from which the men in general would not willingly be exempt, if to.be procured at a reasonable expence; this essay is intended to point out a method to such as may not before have been acquainted with it whereby we may serve our- selves with a substitute for those articles, equal, and in some respects superior in quality to what has been im- ported from the West-Indies, with this additional advan- tage, that a very considerable sum may be saved to the
1 One of Governor Livingston's delightful satires. 1 See page 411 ante.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 421
Continent, even from an article which has hitherto been considered as fit for nothing but the barnyard or sterco- rary;1 and what, is still more interesting to the real friends of freedom and mankind is, that it may be procured in considerable quantities without the service or assistance of slaves, which to a generous mind must render it abundantly more valuable. The subject from which it is to be pro- cured is no other than the common Indian Corn Stalk.
Having accidentally heard that trials has been made with them in different ways, which seemed to afford en- couragement for profitable success, I was induced the last fall to attempt the experiment myself ; and as the price of foreign sweets continue extravagantly high, the 'season in which they may be procured at home now approaches, and as I have not yet seen any essay or directions on the sub- ject, whereby many (who would probably enter into the matter whether from motives of patriotism or interest) are deprived of the opportunity of exerting themselves on the occasion; I am therefore induced, from my own inclina- tions, as well as the persuasion of divers others, to lay be- fore the public the observations I have made, together with such instructions as I am at present able to furnish, and shall first begin with the mill for grinding the stalks. , When I made my experiments the last fall, I had not heard that any other machine had been used for the busi- ness except the common cyder mill ; but considering the form and nature of the stalk, and the inconvenience that would attend grinding in the common mill, by their being so imperfectly crushed, as well as their absorbing or suck- ing up again a considerable part of the juice as they passed through the mill, and the disadvantage and loss that would attend pressing the stalks, considering the hardness of their texture, induced me to believe that a different plan must be preferable; I therefore employed a turner to make two smooth cylinders or rollers of good white oak, of the same diameter as my cyder mill, and which might fit my old cyder mill frame; this was all the additional
1 A place for deposit of fecal matter.
422 NEW JKI;SI.V i\ THE REVOLUTION. | 1778
work as to the grinding apparatus ; I chose this frugal method for my first trial, as being attended with little expence, and for that reason, as well as those above-men- tioned, would recommend the same conduct to the fanners in general, as the more simple and less expensive any new business is, the more likely it is to succeed; but if any person should incline to undertake it as a profitable em- ployment, which I believe would answer well, especially for such as have children or small folk in their families, another might be added, and the whole plan executed upon a large scale; round the top of the short roller, and at the same height in the other, are fixed a set of cog teeth, about an inch and a half long, which should be so truly adapted to each other, as to work smoothly and without fretting, these teeth serving to force round the rollers in case of any great resistance, such as may arise from the hard joints of the stalks; let these rollers be fixed in the place of the common cyder nuts, with the usual simple apparatus, hav- ing a tub or trough underneath to receive the juice, and the machine is ready for grinding: In order to feed the mill more conveniently, let there be a sort of a trough, about five feet long (made like a cutting box for straw) with narrow strips of wood nailed horizontally across the small end of the box, so as to keep five or six, or as many stalks as the nuts will receive, separate one above the other, let this end of the box be set close to the mill, passing the stalks between the strips so that the rollers may catch them, observing to put the small ends first, and as fast as the mill draws them through replace them with others: Two per- sons are necessary to tend the mill, boys may do as well as men, one to feed it, and the other on the opposite side to receive the stalks, who should mind to keep them rather in an ascending than declining position as they pass out of the mill, in order to prevent them as much as possible from drawing away with them any part of the expressed juice: The stalks, when they have passed through the mill the first time, should be laid down as even as possible, with
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTEACTS. 423
the small ends all one way, in order to their being passed through a second time, the hardness of the joints pre- venting the juice from being fully squeezed out at once; the rollers at first should be kept about a quarter of an inch asunder, but when the stalks are to be passed through again, they should be wedged up so as to touch each other, by which means they will squeeze the juice out so effectu- ally as to leave the stalks nearly as dry as a chip, and by this method a much greater quantity of liquor may be pro- cured, than can by the common method of grinding and pressing apples. — As to the season proper for cutting the stalks, there have been divers opinions, some think they should be cut and ground when quite green, having the ears plucked off when they first appear; and others, that they may be left 'till the usual time of gathering; but I apprehend neither of these to be the best. Upon the strength of the first opinion, I had a small piece of ground planted and ordered for that purpose, having the ears plucked off while young, but from the quantity of juice these afforded, am satisfied that the advantage by no means would be equal to the loss of the grain, or to the profit that may be obtained by letting the ears remain on for use, and cutting the stalks at the most suitable season ; which, from the attention I have paid to the matter am convinced is about midway, between the state of well-grown roasting ears and that of full ripeness, or according to another cri- terion, when the stalk begins to change from green to yel- low, about this time the stalk having finished the convey- ance of all juices necessary for the perfection or maturity of the grain, which, though now not in so hard a state as when left longer on, yet I judge can receive no further addition of substance, or any other advantage, save that of gradually drying, the want of which is all the incon- venience that can attend gathering the corn at the time here proposed, which, however, may, in a great measure be remedied, by spreading the ears abroad in a dry airy place, or trying several ears together with part of the
42-4- NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
hu>k, and suspending them on poles something after the manner of tobacco, which last method might answer well in the southern provinces ; or, perhaps, if laid in broad heaps and turned so as to prevent their heating, it might also answer ; that corn gathered at this season, will (with sufficient air) keep sound and good through the year, I have proved by experiment ; and whether there would be any loss, or at least worth regarding, I much doubt (espe- cially if put in competition with the advantage otherwise gained.) However, this may be satisfactorily proved by measuring a certain quantity of each kind (in the ear) the ensuing fall, and then weighitig them both carefully the next summer. When the stalks are fit to be taken, about fifteen or eighteen inches must be cut from the top, and the blades stripped off, which, when taken at this time, must make excellent food for cattle, and though not much attended to in some places, may amply compensate for the trouble of stripping and cutting; the nearer the ground the stalks are cut the better, as the lower joints are much the richest, and it will be well not to cut down more at a time than can be passed through the mill in two or three days, as they would suffer by laying long unground, so that the sooner they are used the better. The manner of feeding the mill has been already described, the next thing to be considered is the management of the juice, which should not be expressed in greater quantities than can be boiled down within two days at furthest, especially if the weather be warm, as it is apt to ferment and sour, which ruins it for the purpose of syrup. When there is such a quantity obtained as may suit the boiling vessels we are furnished with (those of copper or brass being best) the juice should be strained thro' a sieve or coarse cloth to separate any chips or small pieces of the stalk; it should then be placed over the fire, and boiled moderately as long as any scum arises, which must be carefully taken off, and set in a vessel apart; when it appears that the scum has done rising, the liquor must be taken off the fire, and set
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTEACTS. 425
by to cool and settle without disturbance, and in a few hours will deposit a considerable sediment and become, clear, after which it must be carefully poured over into another vessel, leaving all the sediment behind ; this part of "the process is particularly necessary to be observed, in order to obtain a neat clear syrup, as the foeces is not sepa- rated, but boiled down with the liquor, as hath been com- monly the case with those who have done anything in this way, will render the syrup impure, and give it a disagree- able taste; this sediment may be put with the skimings, and both strained through a woolen bag made somewhat like a funnel, the first runnings whereof must be gently returned into the bag until the stream appears pretty clear, when it may be suffered to run 'till the whole is out, the strained liquor may then be put into the kettle and boiled with the rest, by which means scarce a drop will be lost. As to the time spent in boiling it will vary according to the quantity of liquor, and the heat given it, which must be continued till a syrup is obtained of about an eighth part of the quantity of juice first put in. As it has been observed by some that the syrup is attended with a slight acidity, this may be effectually prevented by putting about half a gill of strong lime water to a gallon of the juice while it boils, which will also promote the granulating of the sugar if intended to be made, which it no doubt may of very good quality, as there might also be obtained a very neat and elegant spirit if distilled, which I would recom- mend to the trial of the curious. As it may be satisf actory to some to know the quantity of juice that may be obtained from any given number of stalks, as well as the quantity of syrup from a certain quantity of the crude liquor, I may add that I have carefully tried them both, and found from several experiments made on stalks from several different places, that thirty-six well grown stalks yield better than a gallon of raw juice, and that a gallon of juice from a mill with two rollers turned by one horse, may be obtained in ten minutes time; and that a gallon
426 M-:W JERSEY IN THK REVOLUTION. [1778
of juice, when properly boiled down, will yield a pint of .pleasant rich syrup, allowed by those who have tasted it to exceed in goodness any molasses imported frohi abroad. If these remarks and directions are worthy of attention, and should prove a means of encouraging any to make similar experiments, or to improve upon those already made it will be a sufficient satisfaction to one who professes himself a friend to the public good, and to all useful im- provements.
I. GRAY.
TRENTON, SEPTEMBER 16.
About a fortnight since was brought into Egg-harbour, a schooner from Jamaica, bound for New- York, laden with spirit. Also a schooner from Nantz, taken by a British cruizer, and* retaken by an American privateer.
A brigantine directly from London bound for New- York, with a very valuable cargo on board, was brought into said port about the same time.
Tuesday the 13th of October next is the day fixed by the constitution, for holding the annual election in the" several counties in this State, for chusing members of the Legislature.
Friday last came to town four Hessian deserters. They left Kingsbridge about 10 days ago, in company with a number of others.
Since our last a number of recruits, light-dragoons, passed thro' this place from Virginia and North-Carolina, being on their way to camp.
Died suddenly, on Monday night last, Mrs. ELIZABETH VAN COURT, the amiable Wife of Doctor MOSES VAN- COURT, of this town, in the 22d year of her age. Her remains were yesterday decently interred at the Old Pres- byterian Meeting-house,1 on the Scotch Road, four miles from this place.
1 Now known as Ewlng.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 427
Saturday night last the fulling-mill belonging to Abra- ham Skirm near this town, was broke open and robbed of a number of dressed and undressed pieces of cloth. This atrocious villainy was perpetrated, it is supposed, by a certain Thomas Brooks, who belongs to and is a deserter from our army. He had been taken up and previously -committed- to gaol in this town for desertion, and on suspicion of his being a horse-thief, but found means to make his escape.
THE Trustees of New-Jersey College are requested to be punctual in attending their Annual Meeting at Prince- ton, the last Wednesday of this month, at 9 o'clock. By order of the Board,
Sept, 5, 1778. JAMES CALDWELL, Clerk.
EIGHT DOLLARS REWARD.
WAS LOST, on the 12th day of this instant, in the after- noon, on the road between Allentown and Cross-wicks, a double Leather Pocket-Book with a Steal Clasp, contain- ing a number of valuable writings, such as notes of hand, loan-office certificates and accounts ; which would be of no use to any person beside the owner, with about nine dollars in money. Whoever finds the same, and will leave it with the Printer of this paper, or send it to the owner at Cross- wicks, shall have the above reward, paid by
GABRIEL, ALLEN.
Crosswicks, Sept. 13.
Eight Dollars Reward.
THE fulling mill of the subscriber, near Trenton, was broke open on the night of the 12th instant, by a certain THOMAS BROOKS, as is supposed, and robbed of a number
428 NEW JERSEY IIST THE REVOLUTION. [1778
of pieces of dressed and undressed cloth, to a considerable amount. Said Brooks is about five feet six or seven inches high, well set, and about 35 years of age. Whoever apprehends the thief, and secures him so that he may be brought to justice, and returns such part of the goods as may be found with him, shall have the above reward, and reasonable charges, paid by
ABRAHAM ' SKIRM.
Ninth Month 15, 1778.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber, living near Trenton, on Sunday the 6th inst. a dark brown HORSE, about 14 and a half hands high. The owner is de- sired to come, prove his property, pay charges, and take him away.
ISRAEL, REED.
Sept. 10, 1778. *
ALL persons indebted to the estate of James Nealen of Upper Freehold, absconded debtor, are desired to pay their debts forthwith to Peter Imlay and Abraham Hendricks; who are appointed by the Court to receive the same for the use of his creditors.
September 10, 1778.
CAME into the hands of the subscriber, at Sherrard's Ferry, a bay HORSE, supposed to be a cast horse, which might have strayed from the purchaser, being very thin of flesh, about 14 hands high, with a small star on his forehead, branded C A on the near shoulder and buttock, paces, trots, and has been used to the gears. If no owner appears for said horse he will be deemed continental prop- erty
JOSEPH CHAMBERS, A. C. I.
N. B. The above horse was taken up near CoryelPs Ferry.
August 22d, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 429
MOUNT-HOPE AND HIBEKNTA FURNACE
are now in Blast ;
WHERE all sorts of Hollow Ware, and other sand cast- ings are made: Any person wanting such articles may apply to JOHN JACOB FAESH, owner of Mount-Hope fur- nace, and CHARLES HOFF, jun. agent for Hibernia fur- nace, both in the county of Morris and State of New- Jersey.
To BE SOLD, a very good Family Waggon and Harness for two horses, in which six persons may conveniently sit, lin^d with cloth, and hangs on strong steel springs. Apply to Mr. King at the Post-Office, in Morristown.
Sept. 11, 1778.
WAS LOST, on Thursday evening, between the Landing and Trenton, a new castor HAT, with a white lining. Who- ever has found the same and will deliver it to the Printer hereof, shall receive Four Dollars reward.
JOS. BRADFORD.
To BE SOLD, the very valuable plantation whereon the continental ferry1 is kept, about one mile below Trenton,; it contains between 6 and 700 acres, has a very great pro- portion of meadow and a sufficiency of woodland. It has every requisite to recommend it to the gentleman or farmer; amongst which are its pleasant situation, rich meadows, ferry, orchards, fishery, large fish-pond wherein 1,000 sturgeon2 may be kept, and great front on the river Delaware, a part of which is very suitable for a town, as it has beautiful high banks and lays below the falls. If
1 Near the site of the new Pennsylvania railroad bridge, between Tren- ton and Morrisville.
2 Although the pond is destroyed, the location is still famous for its fisheries, particularly those of shad.
430 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
the plantation is disposed of, all the stock and farming utensils with part of the household furniture, all new and very elegant, will be sold. For terms apply to the sub- scriber living on the premises.
WILLIAM TRENT.1
To BE SOLD, by publick vendue, in three months from the date, or at private sale any time before, One hundred and fifty acres of good land, situate in Mendham, Morris county, whereon the subscriber now lives, where a publick house has been kept, with two good frame house and kitchens adjoining the same, and good cellars under both, with two good frame barns, three very good orchards, about thirty acres of good meadow and more easily may be made. The above premises is well watered and tim- bered. It being so Veil known, there needs no particular- izing. Conditions will be made known and due attend- ance will be given by me
MORGAN YOUNG.
Aug. 28, 1778.
To BE SOLD, by public vendue, at Flemington in Hun- terdon county, on Saturday the 26th of September inst. A number of valuable breeding MARES and COLTS, young horses and mares from one to four years old, got by some of the best bred horses on the continent. The vendue to begin at twelve o'clock, when attendance will be given, and the terms of sale made known by
ARCHIBALD STEWART.
Sept. 7, 1778.
1 For sketch of William Trent, ancestor of signer, see New Jersey Archives, Vol. XI., p. 88.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 431
ON SATUKDAY NEXT, THE 19th INSTANT,
September, at two o'clock in the afternoon, will be sold at vendue at the Market house in Trenton,1
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE, such as tables, chairs, iron pots, a looking glass, and sundry other articles; also two silver and one pinchbeck watch, silver shoe-buckles ; a man's saddle; wearing apparel, among which is a fine broadcloth coat and waistcoat, by
FRANCIS WITT.
Said Witt begs leave to inform the Publick in general, that he intends to follow the vendue business upon the terms practised in Philadelphia. Therefore all persons having occasion to employ him in that way, may depend upon his fidelity and secrecy. Goods for sale will be re- ceived at his house, and money advanced if required, by the Publick's humble servant,
FRANCIS WITT.
Trenton, September 12, 1778.
TO BE SOLD BY PHILEMON ELMER,2
Elizabeth-Town, Westfield, New-Jersey, the following
MEDICINES, viz.
JESUITS BARK, of an excellent quality; Rhubarb, Calo- mel, Opium, Spanish Flies, Glauber's Salts, Purified Nitre, Myrrh, Aloes, Tartar Emetic, Glass Antimony,
1 This was probably located on Warren street, north of State street.
2 Dr. Philemon Elmer, born September 13th, 1752, died May 16th. 1827. was the son of the Reverend Jonathan Elmer, for many years pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Turkey (New Providence), New Jersey. Dr. Elmer was twice married and spent much of his life at Westfield, where he acquired property interests, had a large practice and was much esteemed for his social qualities.
432 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Corrosive Sublimate of Mercury, Elixir Vitriol, Com- pound Spirit of Lavender, Salt of Tartar, Salt of Worm- wood, Camphire, Spirit of Turpentine, &c. &c.
TO BE SOLD BY PUBLICK VENDUE,
At the Landing below Trenton, on Saturday the nine- teenth instant, (September,) A QUANTITY of condemned CALA VANCE PEAS & PICKLED HERRING; On account of the United States.
ALEX. STEEL, A. C. I.
Sept. 16, 1778.
Strayed or stolen on the night of the 5th inst. out of the pasture of the Widow Van Waggoner at Pompton, a black HORSE, 14 hands high, with a blaze in his forehead, eight years old, paces and trots, and is branded with C V W on his off side. — Whoever will secure horse and thief (if stolen) shall receive Fifty Dollars; if strayed and will bring him to the owner at Pompton, or me the sub- scriber in Morristown, shall receive Twenty Dollars and all reasonable charges.
JOHN VAN BUEREN.
September 10, 1778.
An Elegant CHARIOT
TO BE SOLD
Enquire of the Printer of this Paper.
NEWSPAPER EXTRACT!-*. 43
Hath for SALE, in TRENTON,
SUPERFINE brown broad cloths, scarlet ditto, common coatings ; Irish linens, cambricks, lawn, muslin, black and white spotted sattins, plain ditto, white and blue peelongs, blue and green sarsenet, black silk handkerchiefs, linen ditto, black calimanco, striped ditto, striped camblets, striped and plain gauze, checks, common callicoes and chintzes; men's thread and worsted hose, women's mitts, fine and coarse Scotch thread, Russia sheeting, shalloons, Italian flowers, catgut, cap-wire, sewing silk, a variety of ribbans, garters, worsted bindings and silk ferrets; paste- boards; pin and needles; silver plated shoe and knee buckles of the new French fashion; small tooth combs, crooked ditto, snuff and tobacco; gilt buttons; best bohea tea, muscovado sugar, coffee, rice, indigo, pepper, allspice, nutmegs, rozin, brimstone, copperas; shoemaker's tools of all sorts ; window glass 7 by 9 and 8 by 10 ; and an as- sortment of earthen ware.
To all whom it may concern :
New-Jersey, ss. NOTICE is hereby given, that a Court of Admiralty will be Jield at the house of Gilbert Barton, in Allentown, on Tuesday the 20th day of October next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon of the same day, then and there to try the truth of -the facts alledged in the bills of Benjamin Pratt, (who as well, &c.) against the ship or vessel called the 3x>ve and Unity, lately com- manded by Captain Glovers — Of Yelverton Taylor, (who as well, &c. ) against the schooner or vessel called the Good Intent, lately commanded by John Rosby : the schooner or vessel called the Fame, lately commanded by Francis Coffin, and the schooner or vessel called the Hannah — Of Moses Griffin, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel
28
434 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [17 7 x
called tlie George, lately commanded by Captain Smith — Of David Stevens and Micajah Smith, (who as well, &c.) against the ship or vessel called the Venus, lately commanded by Thomas Chowne — Of Samuel Ingersoll, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Peggy, lately commanded by George Keeble — Of Samuel Ingersoll, Captain Griffin, and John Turner, (who as well, &c.) against the brigantine or vessel called the Recovery, lately commanded by William Johnson — Of Yelverton Taylor, (who as well, &c.) against the schooner or vessel called the Caroline — And of Enoch Stillwell, (who as well, &c. ) against the sloop or shallop supposed to be named the Marydunceo, with their respective tackle, ap- parel, furniture and cargoes; to the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said vessels respectively, or. any person or persons concerned therein may appear and shew cause, if any th%y have, why the said vessels and their respective cargoes should not be condemned accord- ing to the prayer of the said bills.
By order of the Judge,
September BOWES REED, Pro. Reg.
14, 1778.
THOMAS SCOTT
Has for SALE at his STOKE at the upper end of Trenton, the following articles ;
Rum, Sugar, Tea, Salt, Rice, Indigo, Shoes, Collars, and good Linen.
WHEREAS Inquisitions were found the 20th day of June 1778, against the following persons who have joined, aided, or assisted the army of the King of Great-Britain in the present war against the American States, viz. Joseph Beer, Christopher Inslee, James Stewart, George Myer, William Carrel, John Kitchen, Philip Kline, sen. Andrew Kitchen, Ozias Park, Henry Mills, Jacob Inslee, Philip
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 435
Kline, jim. William Schooly, Andrew Schooly, William Millack, Jacob Kline, late of Greenwich, Philip Kickline, Robert Goodwin, Peter Appleman, Coonrod Rightmyer, John Waddiiigton, Ludwick Wessigh, David Young, Bar- nabas Banghart, Joseph Lowery, sen. Joseph Lowery, jim. John Rice, William Rice, Isaac Amerman, Ruelin Green, Philip Fonce, William Ickler, John Smith, sen. John Smith, jun. Michael Lemmon, John M'Eowin, late of Ox- ford, James Moody, Richard Mountin, John Dunfield, Peter Anderson, Ozias Inslee, Thomas Richardson, James Mordan, John Ansley, William Hucheson, John Cummins, Christopher Young, James Briton, James Blain, Benjamin Ilarned, William Briton, John Whilenack, Obadiah Hoag- lin, Matthias Zimmerman, John Clendenan, Christopher Hoofman, John Hucheson, Cornelius Duggon, late of Knowlton, William Dedman, John Gormon, William Park, Robert Thompson, Thomas Turpan, late of -Mans- fieldwoodhouse, in the county of Sussex; which inquisi- tions were returned at the last session holden in said county, and proclamation made in open court according to laAV ; and if the persons against whom inquisitions have been so found, or some person in their behalf, will not appear at the next court holden in the aforesaid county, and traverse the inquisitions, final judgment will there- upon be entered in favour of the State.
Given under our hands this 5th day of September, 1778.
WILLIAM BOND, > Commis- GEORGE WARNER, j sioners.
NASSAU-HALL, Princeton, N. Jersey, Aug. 21, 1778.
The Students of New-Jersey College, and all others con- cerned, are desired to take notice of the following particu- lars:
1. The members of the senior class of the year 1776, who were examined and approved in August that year,
436 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [ 1778
and performed their public exercises at Commencement in September following but did not receive their degrees, a quorum of the Trustees not being present, are hereby in- formed, That at a meeting of the Board at Cooper's Ferry,1 in June 1777, they were formally admitted to their Batcli- elors degree of the standing of September 1776, and may have their diplomas when they please to call for them.
2. The senior scholars of the year 1777, who were ex- amined and approved in August that year, were also ad- mitted at the next meeting of the Trustees, (though there was no public Commencement) to their Batchelors degree, and may have their diplomas, bearing the proper date, when they apply for them.
3. Though the building has been occupied by the public, first as a barrack and afterwards as an hospital for sick and wounded soldiers, the teaching has been kept up since July last year agreeably to the advertisement then pub- lished, the President and Professor of Mathematics by turns, with the assistance of one tutor, taking charge of the few that attended who were boarded in the town and recited in the President's house ; and it is hereby notified that there will be a public commencement on the last Wed- nesday of September,2 when not only those who have at- tended constantly or occasionally, but those who have studied at home, provided they will submit to examination, shall be admitted, if qualified, to degrees according to their standing. Those who are entitled to take the Masters degree at this Commencement may, if they please, come prepared to perform a public exercise, either in Latin or English, as no orators have been chosen this year for that purpose from the uncertainty of their places of residence, and the difficulty of sending intelligence to them in the present state of the country.
1 This meeting at Camden was probably the first and last time that the Board of Trustees of the College of New Jersey ever met outside of Princeton, under the pressure of war.
2 Long vacation was held in the autumn. It was not until the middle of the nineteenth century that the "Long vacation" commenced in June.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 437
4. Assurances have been given by the Director General of the hospital and other principal officers, that the sick are to be wholly removed in a few weeks. The College, therefore, will be repaired as speedily as possible, and the whole students may collect safely, and it is hoped be con- veniently accommodated, at the usual time of beginning the winter session, viz. the 10th of November.
5. The Grammar school was begun agreeably to public notice last April and continues to be taught with care. Parents therefore may send their children without delay, as there will be no vacation of the school in the fall this season. The Public may be assured that the utmost care has been and will be taken in this school to lay the founda- tion well in a thorough knowledge of grammar and syntax ; and it is earnestly recommended to other teachers, whose scholars are intended for Princeton College, to attend to this circumstance, and not hasten them on to the reading of difficult Greek and Latin authors while they have a very raw imperfect knowledge of the principles and structure of these languages.
For several years past great pains have been taken at Princeton to recommend and introduce an accurate knowl- edge of the English language. An attention to this also is requested of the teachers of Grammar schools, who, if they possess such knowledge themselves, may easily communi- cate it by occasional extemporary remarks on the idiom of the language in translating from Greek and Latin, and by periodical exercises in reading, spelling, writing and pro- nouncing orations, but above all by competition in such exercises on public days.
J. WITHERSPOOK
X. B. Board may be had at Princeton and in the neighbourhood on as easy terms as the present prices of provisions will admit.
—New-Jersey Gazette, September 16, 1778, Vol. L, No. 41. "
438 M:\V JERSEY ix THE REVOLUTION. | 1778
Salem County, Sept. 11, 1778. To be SOLD by Public Vendue.
On Tuesday the 22d of this inst, at the house of Nicho- las Keen,1 Inn-keeper in Salem, New-Jersey, About twenty acres of Land and Marsh, pleasantly situated in the town of Salem ; the whole to be divided and sold in lots of about one acre each. Its natural public situation will render the lots extremely well adapted for every kind of public busi- ness. The Vendue to begin precisely at Ten o'clock on said day, where attendance will be given, and the condi- tions, Cash or Continental Loan-Office Certificates will l>e taken by
THOMAS CARPENTER. — The Pennsylvania Packet, September 17, 1778.
SIX DOLLARS REWARD.
ABSCONDED from the Constable of Aliens-town, in the county of Monmouth, East-New-Jersey, on Thursday the 10th inst. (September) a certain PETER BERRY, (by trade a taylor) late a deserter from the enemy when they went through the Jerseys : He is a tall well set fellow, about thirty years of age, very talkative, has lost the mid- dle finger of his right hand, and has black curled hair : had on when he went away, a white linen coat, a red and white chequered jacket, and white ticken overalls, but it is prob- able he may change his dress: he is much addicted to drinking. Whoever secures the said absconder so that the subscriber may have him again, shall receive the above re- ward and reasonable charges, paid by
WILLIAM LLOYD, Constable.
1 For sketch of Keen (Kyn) family see Pennsylvania Magazine of His- tory and Biography, Vol. III.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 439
N. B. He was seen on the road to Philadelphia, and is supposed to be in or near it. — The Pennsylvania Packet, September 19, 1778.
New- York, September 21. Yesterday Afternoon a Ser- geant and 6 Men were sent in by Col. Emmericks Dra- goons. They were taken at Tuckeyhoo: one Harrison from Hockey-Hill was wounded. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury., September 21, 1778.
Tears like the dew shall fall on the memory of Heroes. In the action at Monmouth on the 28th of June last fell Lieutenant MAGNATE, of the Artillery, an officer who deserves the tears of his country. Born in North Britain, he came to America, and early embarked in the cause against the tyrant. He served as a private in the first cam- paign at Boston, and in the course of the war rose gradually through the intermediate offices from a private to a Lieu- tenant, without the least solicitation to obtain that promo- tion, and without the interest of one friend but what his merit gave him. He was humble in spirit, modest in man- ner, and steady in his conduct. His Captain, in a letter of the 25th of August from the Camp at White Plains, writes of him as follows. "I cannot help lamenting the death of so valuable an officer. He was cool, attentive to his duty, intrepid and brave, undisturbed in the hottest engage- ments, and commanded with the firmness and courage of a Roman. He was loved and esteemed by the officers, and loved and feared by the soldiers. He was humane and ex- tremely charitable. He was possessed of the highest sense of liberty, and wished to establish the independence of his country. He had a warm sense of duty to God and lived regularly and religiously. In his life he was loved and esteemed, and in his death much lamented. He died fight- ing bravely for his country against slavery and tyranny. Not less than a cannon ball separated his noble soul from his body. It may be said of Britain what Solomon says of
NEW JERSKY IX THE REVOL1JTION. [1778
Sin. Many hath she cast down wounded, many strong men hare been slain by her.
PERICLES. — The Pennsylvania Packet, September 22, 1778.
WHEREAS a certain Timothy Flood parted with a mare some time in August last, to Mr. Gilpatrick, near Veal- town, from whom it is said he stole the said mare, and a few days afterwards, on the 25th of August aforesaid, came to the house of the subscriber, in Reading-town, Hunterdon county, and western division of New-Jersey, and again parted with the same creature. From said Mood's conduct, who is now confined in Millstone gaol, it is reasonable to suppose him not to be her proper owner when he first parted with her. Said mare is near 15 hands high, is a kind*of dark sorrel mix'd with gray hairs, bald faced, four white feet, light coloured mane and tail, has neither brand or ear mark, paces and trots, but paces mostly, is about 10 years old. The owner is desired to take her away, after proving his property and paying charges.
GEORGE MERLATT.
Sept. 5, 1778.
Pos1>Office, Morris-town, Sept. 14, 1778. TAKEN this day from a suspected person, a likely bay MARE, in good order, which he confesses is not his own, but took her up at Hackensack ; she is about 14 hands and an half high, four years old, has a bow neck, and white blaze from her eyes to her nose, her mane hangs on the near side, has a switch tail, with some white hairs on the upper part thereof, her hind 'feet white, and trots very politely. The owner, by proving property and paying charges, may have her again, by applying to
FREDERICK KING,
Postmaster.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. . 441
LAST night broke gaol in New-Brunswick, a certain Doctor JOHN HUNT, about 30 years of age, five feet 9 or 10 inches high, long black hair, thick, well set and very likely: Also a certain JOHN WARREN, about 23 of age, and about the same height as the former, very fair com- plexion and bold look, speaks quick and very impertinent : Also a certain JOHN BURROW, about 35 or 36 years of age, about five feet 5 or 6 inches high, swarthy complexion, short black hair, and lived near Bonan-town.1 Whoever secures the above fellows, or either of them, in any gaol of the United States, and gives notice thereof, shall re- ceive 60 Dollars for Hunt, 30 for Warren, and 20 for Burrow, and reasonable charges, paid by
JOHN VANKIRK, Sheriff of Middlesex.
i
ALL the legatees of Thomas Olden late of Piscataway, deceased, are hereby notified to meet at Bound Brook, at the house of Daniel Blackford, on Tuesday, the 27th day of October next, in 'order to receive their dividend out of all such monies as can be by that time collected in ; who are also required to ascertain the exact number of the legatees in the said estate. At which time and place due attendance will be given by
DANIEL BLACKFORD. „
Executors.
JOSEPH BLACKFORD,
Bridgewater, Sept, 16, 1778.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of JOSEPH SKELTON? Esq. deceased, by bond, note or book accounts, are desired to pay them off before the first day of April next; and those having any demands against said estate, are re- quested to bring in their accounts properly attested.
JOSIAH SKELTON, Executor.
1 Bonham town.
442 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
TO BE SOLD BY PUBLICK VEXDUE,
At the subscriber's house near Princeton, on the 1st day of October next, viz.
HORSES, cattle, sheep, hogs, Indian corn and buckwheat in the ground, 20 tons of hay; household and kitchen furniture; two riding chairs, two waggons, and many other farming utensils ; a few remains of a store. — - The vendue to begin at 8 o'clock on said day, when attendance will be given and the conditions made known by
JOSIAH SKEI.TOX, Exec.
Sept. 22, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
In two acre lots, at publick vendue, by the subscribers, on Saturday, the 3d of October next,
THIRTY acres of CEDAR SWAMP, lying in Monmouth county, within two miles of Ridgeway's saw-mills, on the main branch of Tom's river; 20 whereof are to be sold for-ever, the other 10 to be leased for five years. The whole is good for boards, rails and shingles. The vendue to begin at 9 o'clock on said day; when due attendance will be given on the Premises, and the conditions made know by
FRANCIS CHUMARD, JACOB FOSTER.
!N". B. Persons who incline to purchase, are desired to attend early in the morning. Sept. 21, 1778.
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. -443
ON SATUEDAY NEXT,
the 26th instant, at two o'clock in the afternoon,
WILL BE SOLD AT VEKDUE,
By the subscribers, at their vendue-store, where Abra- ham Cottnam, Esq. formerly kept his office, near Mr. William's tavern,
An assortment of merchandize; — among which are,
DEER skins and deer skin breeches; shoes; silk and worsted hose, &c. Also household furniture and wearing- apparel.
They purpose to hold a vendue every Saturday at the place above-mentioned. Goods or cattle for sale will be re- ceived at either of their houses, or at the vendue-store on the day of sale.
FRANCIS WITT, JACOB BENJAMIN.
Trenton, Sept. 21.
TO BE SOLD,
A NEGRO WENCH about 30, and her son about 7 years old, both very healthy, and remarkably stout and strong. The wench is used to all kinds of country work, both in door and out. The price 1200 dollars.
MOORE FURMAN.
Pitts-Town, Sept. 16, 1778.
White house near Trenton.
STRAYED or stolen, out of the pasture of Samuel Henry, on the night of the 15th inst. September, a brown HORSE, four years old last spring, about 14 hands high, trots and paces, but the latter is most natural to him. Any person that will deliver the above described horse to the subscriber, at the White House, shall receive a reward of Eight Dol- lars, paid by
GEORGE MILLER.
444 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
FOR
SALE.
JOHN RAMSAY, at Bottle-Hill, (four miles from Morris- town) intending soon to remove to Philadelphia, will dis- pose of the FARM on which he. now lives, about thirty acres. It is remarkable for having two orchards of the best grafted fruits — of apples, pears, peaches, plumbs, cherries, mul- berries, &c. a tolerable garden, kitchen adjoining the house, with a well of good water before the door, barn and other out-houses, &c.
A FARM adjoining the same, about sixty acres ; having also two excellent orchards just in prime, a good well of water before the house door, and a barn, &c.
A FARM at a short distance, about ninety acres, with two large orchards, a good well at the house, two barns, a cyder- mill with two presses under cover which is constantly em- ployed thro' the season, being handy to convey the cyder from thence to the still-house without carting.
Likewise (either with or without the farm) the same convenient still-house, with two stills and worms. as good as new, one of 40, the other of 100 gallons, with hogsheads and cisterns to contain about 300 barrels ; the worm tubs supplied with water from an upper spring with a gutter without the trouble of pumping; eighty or ninety barrels of cyder can be distilled weekly. It is well supplied every fruit season with as much as possibly can be distilled, and is now at work; it has every convenience for stilling of cyder or grain spirits.
The premises above-mentioned to be sold at private sale, and will be shewn by the owner at any time when called on. The purchaser of either place, by paying one-third of the value, may have any time that best suits to pay the balance.
He has also for sale, by the quantity, — Indigo, of the best quality ; copperas ; pepper ; Geneva and apple spirit ;
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 445
Irish linens ; a good mare four years old, with a spring- colt, and one or two good draft horses.
September 20, 1778. — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 42, September 23,
1778.
Xew-York, Sept 28. Sunday Week the Boats of his Majesty's Ship Delaware and armed Brig Halifax, went into Cranberry Inlet, and burnt a Ship of about 200 Tons, and a small Sloop; they also brought out a Sloop with 90 Barrels of Flour.
His Excellency Governor Franklin1 is at length ex- changed for Dr. M'Kinley of the Lower Counties.
Yesterday the Letter of Marque Ship Brilliant, Capt. Priestman, of 20 Guns, arrived at Sandy-Hook in 10 Weeks from Liverpool, On the passage Capt. Priestman was attacked by a Rebel Frigate, which he beat off. — New- York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, September 28, 1778.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
WHEREAS a certain William Eleten road off a small black horse, with no white on him except a little on one of his hind heels, his mane hanging on the near side, a switch tail, and very lengthy according to his size, with a saddle and bridle, the saddle ripped in the seat, the saddle cloth striped lincey, and the bridle new, and black reined : The said man is big and lusty, had on a round hat, brown coat, woollen check shirt, tow trousers and new stockings. Who- ever takes up said man and horse, and brings them to Col. Hillman's at Little Timber Creek Bridge, in New-Jersey, shall receive the above reward, paid by
JOSEPH WOODFIELD. — The Pennsylvania, Paclcet, September 29, 1778.
1 Last colonial Governor of New Jersey.
446 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1TTS
,\lr. COLLINS,
IN taking a review of those pieces in your Gazette, which have a particular relation to the policy of New- Jersey, I found that T. W. was the friend, to whom the letter in your thirteenth number, was addressed, and not the author. I beg your readers to excuse my inad- vertency. — In this review my attention was particularly attracted by the two essays of the Elector, in your 14th and 28th numbers; as also the remarks of a Whig on the sentiments and advice he gave his coun- trymen respecting offices somewhat lucrative to be given to gentlemen in legislative or executive authority within this State, on supposition that the Elector's sentiments were unjust and prejudicial to the State. Was the language this Whig makes use of, the best calculated to con- vince the Elector of his error, and to expose the dangerous tendency of his tenet to publick view? What could that gentleman have aimed at, in comparing this performance of the Elector to a mendicant brief? In so strongly expressing his suspicion of the author's veracity? The one declares he never had any post of honour, nor never expected any. The other cannot help thinking he is already a representative, or expects to be one at the next election, &c. Do you, Sir, intend the promotion of publick good by such prostitution of charity? Supposing it to be as you suspect,«will that alter the nature of the thing? If it is just, equitable and beneficial to the community in its own nature and tendency, its being affirmed to be so by a representative or Justice of the Peace will not make it to the contrary. I heartily detest such treatment of authors and arguments ; and am sorry to see a good sub- ject thus abused. — — I do assure the Whig, that I know not who is the author of the pieces signed an elector. (He is at his liberty, if virtue will permit him, to suspect my veracity.) If I, however, may be permitted to judge from the performances of both authors, I beg to be indulged with the full persuasion, that the Elector knew full as well that pro aris et focis was a metaphorical expression, and what the literal translation of it was, as the Whig his poetry ; and that he slipt it in upon his readers with much more propriety, in the chain of his reasonings, than the WThig his criticisms.
Though I esteem many of the hints this author gives to those in authority, and to subjects, just, equitable, and proper; and hope they may be duly noticed and Improved to valuable purposes : Yet, I must confess, I was sorry to see the one that Mr. Whig has animadverted upon, amongst the rest.
To deliver my sentiments with candor and sincerity on that subject, I must acknowledge that it does not appear unjust to me, to entrust the legislature with other offices. As those gentlemen are supposed (at least in the opinion of those who elect them) to be the wisest and most virtuous in the community, it seems just and prudent to entrust them with other the most important offices in the State. And it appears probable, that this has led our author to his hints on this head. — If this matter be, however, maturely considered, and traced in its natural tendency and consequences, I humbly conceive it will be found very impolitick and exceeding dangerous to the safety and well-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 447
being of the State. To make this evident, let the following particulars be considered :
1. The property of the community is entrusted in the custody of their representatives. If they should have the distributing of the lucrative ^offices among themselves, consequently the salaries annexed to them also ; which, in fact, would be saying, Friends take as much as ye need. Common prudence dictates our duty not to lay such powerful tempta- tions before the most virtuous men, to whom such important trust is committed.
2. The offices in a state ought to be distributed in such a manner as would make it the interest of the individuals who bare them, to keep a jealous watch over each other, and so prove a spur to a faithful discharge of their duty. This proves the most powerful preservative against corruption; and may always be effected, if these matters are properly regulated and directed. But such engrossing of officers by the legislature would have the directly contrary effect. It is obvious to every one, how natural it is to excuse a fault, if it may tend to promote our interest : And what wide door would this open for collu- sion and corruption? For the same company to have the command of the publick's purse, and themselves become entitled to receive it.
Though reason dictates that the community should support its officers in a dignity becoming their different stations ; yet prudence directs, that they should not squander the publick money in support of luxury, or to give them an opportunity to amass estates for themselves and families. Besides, that this is betraying the trust reposed in them, it is the most powerful temptation for the worst of men to seek the offices from wicked principles, and with pernicious views; and after obtained, to neglect their duty and abuse their power. If the misery and ruin of states are candidly traced in history, this will be found to be their genuine and universal source.
It thus appears from what has been observed on this subject, that the prohibition of the legislators enjoying any other office of profit in the constitution of New-Jersey, was founded in prudence, and calcu- lated for the safety of the State. I have therefore been much sur- prized at some of the reasons the Elector gives in support of his opinion, viz. Lucrative offices are to be given as a reward or indemnifi- cation to legislators. Amazing error in politicks ! Why should other offices be more lucrative than the legislative? Whence do lucrative offices derive their income? Is it not from the community? Why then this round-about way to reward our legislature? Must they first add such salaries to those offices, as will reward them after they get them? Be,perhaps one year a legislator, in order to obtain the office, and then decline, to improve the opportunity for lucre or gain by it. Must thus the door be opened for the State to maintain hundreds of such, by their lucrative offices? — I desist !
I here also observe, that it would be prudence in our legislature to avoid giving offices of profit to their families. As it is natural for a parent to provide for a child, it exposes them in a degree to the same dangers, at least to the suspicion of their constituents.
448 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Our community has never been sufficiently sensible to what danger they were exposed under the former government; where the King had the gift of all the offices, and the period of their assembly was seven years. The present drained and ruined state of Britain shows to what you are liable, even exclusive of all the tyrannick acts passed since 1763. I cordially congratulate you on your happy deliverance from such great and imminent danger. Heaven has now placed you in the possession of as many and valuable civil and religious privileges as ever a people enjoyed : A gracious reward for your partriotic defence of your lives, liberties and property. It is now become a matter of undoubted fact, that our savage enemy despairs of subjugating the free- born sons of America by force of arms. Their whole soul is now bent upon bribery, flattery and deceit; and their whole view is only to disarm us, and then to do with us what secmeth good in their eyes, Their present conduct has frequently brought me to recollect that of Philip the lid, King of Spain. After he had carried ruin and destruc- tion, unheard of murder and slaughter throughout the Dutch United Provinces, finding, however, that they collected strength and had become determined, he began to view his success as doubtful ; and unable to prosecute the war to effect, he and his court bent themselves upon cunning and deceit. They proposed to the Dutch, by the Duke of Parma, the full enjoyment of all their liberties, privileges and fran- chises. Thereupon a treaty was set on foot and concluded. In this was granted to the States General whatever they demanded. And for the security of the Dutch, this treaty was not only signed and solemn 1 11 swore to by the Duke, but also sent to Spain, and signed with the King's own hand, and it was called The eternal Edict. What was the consequence? Towns and fortresses were given up to the King's pos- session : And from that very moment their infernal plans were laid to renew their former practice, in perfect disregard of this solemn treaty. Immediately the war broke out again, and burnt with redoubled fury. The Dutch had to recover, at the expense of blood and treasure, what they had given up by this treaty. An event which the patriotick Prince of Orange had plainly foretold them, laying it down as a maxim, that crowned heads never look upon themselves as bound by any treaties with subjects they deem rebels, longer than they see an opportunity to revenge the pretended injury offered to their crown and dignity. — If America ever returns to a dependence on the crown of Great-Britain, I doubt not but she will have the same game to play, let the treaty be ever so plausible. An event which, I am pursuaded, never shall happen, unless God intends it as the greatest of punishments for our manifold and aggregated national sins. It affords me a heartfelt pleas- ure to see that all the golden apples of the shadow of liberty and peace held forth by the Commissioners, treated by Americans with utter disdain ; and that they remain determined not to part with their inde- pendence but at the hazard of their lives and fortunes. Let the briber, Governor Johnstone, resign ; let him gratify himself in his phantom, that great numbers among us are thirsting for such a peace : I, how- ever, rejoice in being fully assured that there are none among John-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 440
stone's number, no, not even in those parts which have most severely felt their galling yoke, and remain most exposed to the fury of their resentment, but only such as throughout the whole course of this con- test proved to be either dastardly cowards, or abandoned traitors: And so will every friend, to his country regard the nian, that dare open his mouth in favour of such a peace.
While Heaven has thus far smiled upon our just exertions in self- defence, what solemn obligations are incumbent on us to improve our advantages therefrom accruing to us, for the good of society and the* glory of the Allwise, Supreme Disposer of human events? Here is afforded me an opportunity of offering some important hints to my fellow-citizens ; perhaps future time may afford me more leisure, or an abler hand undertake it, which will afford me the greatest pleasure. 1 cannot, however, avoid offering a few.
First to you, the Honourable the Legislature of this State. Consider, Gentlemen, what an important office you fill. You are the representa- tives of a free people. To you they have entrusted their purses, the defence of their lives, and their dear-bought liberty. To you they look up for wholsoine' laws. To you they have entrusted the appointment of civil and military officers ; and to you they have made them re- sponsible. O ! what glorious opportunities are put into your hands, to promote the happiness of this people. In the dark ages of paganism, a Lycurgus has taught the Spartans, and a Solon the Athenians, what incomparable benefit wise, judicious, and honest legislators may be to society. It is then undoubtedly your duty, privilege and advantage to study and enact laws, not only just in their nature, but also calcu- lated for the benefit, advantage and safety of the State To take
effectual care that the laws are duly executed. Let laws be ever so wholesome, what good will they promote, if not executed? Such neglect is to the State, as the cancer or consumption to the human body ; it sucks the vitals, destroys the vigor, produces a languour in the whole system, and finally causes death. Every Justice, every Judge ought to be noticed by the members of the legislature ; also the Attorney-General. He is now a servant of the State by your appointment. That important post is entrusted to him, not for his -private emolument, but for the good of the community. Your duty demands that you take effectual care that the mulcts, which the laws demand, and ought to go in the coffers of the State to alleviate the taxes, be not applied to his own use, by compounding with the guilty, and so screening them from public justice, &c. as has been too much the case under the former government. To you, your constituents look up for the punishment of neglect of duty, or mal-administration. You know where our constitu- tion has lodged that power. Surely your enacting laws is with a view that they should be executed. Fear not the frowns of a negligent or wicked officer. Depend upon having the approbation of God, and the most virtuous part of the community, and also their support, in the most vigorous discharge of your duty. A few examples will be suffi- cient to teach others their duty.
29
450 NEW JERSEY IN THE BEVOMJTION. [1778
Permit me also, my fellow-citizens, to address a few hints to you, especially at this time, when your annual election is at hand.1 1 en- treat you to consider how much your welfare upon a proper and judicious choice. Only recollect that your property, lives and liberties are to be committed to the custody and disposal of the persons you are about to elect : Therefore do not indolently leave to others to chuse for you. Go, see and hear, and act from noble principles. Be not influenced in your votes by the gaudy appearances of riches, or bribery- Be not swayed by friendships, consanguinity or self-interest, but only by the following motives :
1. The constitution of New-Jersey justly restricts your votes to per- sons professing a belief in the faith of any protestant sect. If the person be otherwise properly qualified, no distinction of protestant denominations ought to influence electors. Whatever denomination of protestants he professes to be of, let him not show by his conduct that he makes religion an engine of state. If he makes not practice of paying homage to the Divine Being, in attending upon publick wor- ship, (which all protestant denominations profess) believe him to be an atheist, or at best, a deist in disguise: For Jews, papists, mahom- metans and pagans, as well as protestants, profess and practise a publick worship of the Beity. Also those who discover a disposition and inclination to luxury, gaming, drunkenness, extortion, profane swearing, and such like vices, which prove the bane as well of civil as of religious society. Persons of such a character seem to endeavour to betray and deceive their God and the interest of society. And are such fit persons to commit your dearest concerns to? If they really believed a future state of punishments and rewards, would it not in- fluence their own conduct? But their practice shows it does not. What then will influence them, to make them faithful in the important trust you repose in them? All the sacred obligations of oaths and virtue can have no influence on such abandoned minds. As their sensuality and self-interests are chief in their view, so will they most powerfully operate upon the whole of their conduct.
2. Let the past conduct of 'those who have heretofore, or do now represent you, determine your vote respecting them. Acquaint your- selves, as much as possible, with their legislative character. Carefully peruse the minutes of their proceedings. (I am sorry to say, that from some cause, undoubtedly known to our honourable legislature, those have been published so late, as almost to prevent electors this opportunity.) Those published may serve respecting some. Take notice of their yeas and nays. A few you will find in every proposed case, on the nay side. You have great reason to suspect this proceeds from a temporizing principle. Only consider, it will afford as good a plea to compromise matters with the enemy, to have it in their power
1 Under section III. of the State Constitution of 1776, the general elec- tion for members of the Council (Senate) and Assembly were directed to be held upon the second Tuesday in October, the election being adjourned from day to day should occasion require.
IT 78] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 451
to shew by their records that they have opposed all business, as any whatever. It is matter of amazement to me, that true friends to their country, in countries which have suffered much, have not noticed this before now.
o. Let the known and approved abilities and patriotism of the per- son principally sway you. Those that have faithfully served you to the best of their abilities, deserve your grateful acknowledgments, not-' withstanding imperfections attending their endeavours, ' which flow from natural inability or human frailty. Let your choice be directed to men who show to the world, they are determined to rise or sink with their country — who have embarked their all in this vessel of the state, as independent. Friends and countrymen, the time at this juncture will probably be as trying to your representatives as any we have had ; therefore be cautious ; be zealous, and determined in pur- suing your duty. — May kind Heaven direct you, and preserve this distressed country farther in a perilous day, is the cordial wish and prayer of your friend and well-wisher !
A TRUE PATRIOT.
In CONGRESS September 17. 1778
ORDERED that One Million of Dollars be advanced to General Mifflin, late Quarter-Master General, for which he is to be accountable : and that he be directed to render an account of all such sums as are now due from the late Quarter-Master General, in order to their being paid. Extracted from the Minutes
CHARLES THOMPSON, Secretary.
In pursuance of the foregoing order of Congress the Deputy Quarter-Masters, under mentioned, are appointed to settle and pay the accounts of the Districts, respectively annexed to their names. So soon as the cash is received from the Public Treasury it shall be paid to the Deputys for that purpose ; of which proper notice will be given them to their several Districts.1
1 This was signed, at Philadelphia, September 23d. by Thomas Mifflin.
452
NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION.
i 1773
Doctor James Caldwell
at Elizabeth Town
Israel Morris jun Esq
at Gloucester
Xt'\v Jersey
Col Robert L Hooper
at
Easton
Col Mark Bird, Reading Col G. Ross Jr, Lancaster Col John Davis at
Carlisle
Col Archibald Steel, District of Fort Pitt Mr Jacob Hiltzheimer f Philadelphia
at Philadelphia
Districts
Middlesex
Somerset
Essex
Morris
Bergen
Hunterdon
Monmouth C Burlington I Gloucester I Salem | Cumberland ^ Cape May J f Sussex in New Jersey </ Northampton "| [ Bucks
Berks
Lancaster ( Cumberland \ York
- Pennsylvania
Mr Nathaniel Cranch at Phila
City County
| Chester
L County
{Maryland Delaware State
Pennsylvania
TRENTON, SEPTEMBER 30.
"On Saturday the 12th instant, was married at Phils- Hill, the seat of Philip Van Home, Esq. by the Rev. Mr. Beach, STEPHEN MOYLAN, Esq. Colonel-Commandant of the American Light Dragooias, to Miss MARY RICKETTS
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 453
VAN HOIINK, eldest daughter of Colonel Van Home: A Lady possessed of every accomplishment to render the marriage state happy."
A Ye hear that Ezekiel Forman, who was under sentence of death on a conviction for high-treason, is pardoned on condition of his leaving this State in two months, and the United States in six months, from the date of his pardon, and never returning again into any of them.
His Excellency the Governor has been pleased to ap- point a Court of Oyer and Terminer and General Gaol Delivery, to be held in the county of Gloucester on Tues- day the seventeenth day of November, and in the county of Salem on Monday the thirtieth day of November next; in the county of Cumberland on Friday the eleventh day of December, and in the county of Cape May on Monday the twenty-first day of December next.
We are informed that on Friday the 18th instant, two armed ships and two brigs, belonging to the enemy, came to anchor close to the bar off Tom's River Inlet, where they lay all night, and next morning between seven and eight o'clock, they sent into the inlet seven armed boats with between 20 and 30 men in each, who retook the ship Washington, formerly called the Love and Unity, and two sloops which were near the bar, with most of their crews. The Captain of the ship, his. Mate, Boat- swain, and three sailors, made their escape in one of the sloop's boats. Soon after they got ashore, a certain Robert M \\rullen, (who some time since was condemned with AYilliam Dillon to be hanged for burglary in Monmoiith, and both having been reprieved, the former entered him- self aboard of this ship) took the boat and made off to the enemy, huzzaing as he went. Dillon, who also joined them some time before, was supposed to pilot the British vessels into the inlet.
On the 18th inst. died at Mount-Holly after a long and painful illness, HENRY PAXSON, Esq. in the 60th year of his age. Next day his remains were interred in Friends
454 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. j 1778
burial-ground at that place, attended by a large concourse of people of all denominations.
We hear that John M'Kinley, Esq. late President of the Delaware State, was lately exchanged for W. Frank- lin, Esq. formerly Governor of this State.
Tuesday se'nnight about 3000 of the enemy from N<-\v- York landed near Hackensack, where they are plundering the country of forage, &c. To facilitate this business, they have sent a number of vessels up Hackinsack and Passaic Rivers to carry off the plunder; but from the great body of the militia ordered out, and now collecting with all possible dispatch, to reinforce General Maxwell, there is good reason to believe these freebooters will, ere long, be driven to the place from whence they came.
We have this moment learned, that the enemy at Hack- insack are commanded by Gen. Clinton, and that their numbers are daily increasing by troops sent from New- York. As a party of them are bending their course north- eastward, and having sent a number of their ships up the North river, it is apprehended their plan is to cut off the communication between the Southern and Eastern states. - - In this we hope they will be disappointed.
READY MONEY is expected for inserting ADVERTISE- MENTS in this GAZETTE.
TO BE SOLD BY PTJBLICK VENDUE,
On Wednesday, the 25th Day of November next,
•
A PLANTATION", containing 410 acres, late the prop- erty of Valentine Ent, late of Amwell, deceased, lying within one mile of Howell's ferry; whereon is a good stone dwelling-house, a good Dutch barn, a large bearing orchard, a convenient tan-yard, with a good stone curry- ing-shop. One half of said plantation is cleared and in
1778] . NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 4.").")
good fence, fifteen acres of good meadow, and more may be made. The whole is well watered. The conditions will be made known at the time and place of sale, and an indisputable title given by
SUSANNAH ENT, ) Executrix, PETER MOORE, j Executor. Am well, Hunter don county, Sept. 23, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
A VALUABLE LOT OF MEADOW LAND, lying at the mouth of Watson's creek, in the township of j^ot- tingham, generally known by the name of Wood's Island ; containing about six acres mowable, cuts twelve tons of the best kind of hay the season. One uncommon ad- vantage attending it is, that it does not require either bank or drain. Any person inclining to purchase, may apply to the subscriber, near the premises.
JOHN WATSON, JUU.
Nottingham, Sept. 26, 1778.
FOUR DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN or strayed from the subscriber, on the 17th inst. two COWS, both of them heavy with calf; one mostly white, marked with a crop and a half-penny on the off ear ; the other a red cow, with a white back and face, and a very short tail, has a hole in the off ear, but split out. Whoever takes up and secures the said cows, so that the owner may get them again, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by
GEORGE HAWK.
Windsor townsh. county of Middlesex, Sept. 30.
456 NEW JERSEY IN TILE KK VOLUTION. [1778
FORTY DOLLARS REWARD.
BROKE out of the gaol of Somerset county, on the night of the fourteenth instant, Jacob Fulkerson, about six feet high, straight light hair, about 55 years old, very much addicted to drinking ; had on when he went away, a blue coat, tow trousers, and an old wool hat: Also Timothy F/i:de, about 5 feet 9 inches high, well set, light hair, and of a fair complexion, about 30 years old; had on when he went away, a light jacket without sleeves, and linen breeches, a small rimmed beaver hat; he calls himself a light horseman. Beth of said persons were confined for horse stealing. Whoever takes up said Fulkerson and Flude, shall have Twenty Dollars for each, and all reason- able charges paid, by
PETER DUMONT, Sheriff.
Hillsborough, Somerset county, Sept. 15, 1778.
CAME to my plantation the beginning of September, a small brown pony MARE ; she has neither brand nor mark. The owner is desired to prove his property, pay charges and take her away.
ISAAC HOWELL.
( 'AME to the plantation of the subscriber, about the 30th of August last, a dark brown MARE, branded on the off thigh with S. H. or 3. H. Also a bay MARE, with one white hind foot, has neither brand nor mark. The owner or owners are desired to prove his or their property, pay charges and take them away.
ROELOFF VOORIIEES.
New-Brunswick, Sept. 18, 1778.
FOUND, at Tom's river, Monmouth county, Xew-Jersey, Sept. 1, 1778, a loaded WHIP, made in May, 1775, with letters I. W. on the head. The owner, paying for this ad-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 457
vertisement, may have the whip by applying to John Stephenson, at Morris-town. — New-Jersey Gazette, No. 43, September, 30, 1778.
The ]Syew-York papers mention Bear-Admiral Parker arriving at Sandy Hook, August 28th, with six 74 gun ships, being part of Byron's squadron. It was said the Admiral's and some other ships were lost in a storm — probably in that which damaged Count d'Estaign's fleet, and saved Lord Howe's from Capture. — The South-Caro- lina and American General Gazette, Thursday, October 1, 1778.
Xew-York, October 3. An account of the Action at Tappan, Sunday night, the 27th ult.1
The Second Battalion of Light-Infantry led the Col- umn, supported by the 2d of Grenadiers, with the 33d and 64th Regiments ; these, commanded by Major-General Gray, marched from the New-Bridge at nine o'clock on Sunday Evening, and between One and Two in the Morn- ing arrived at the Rebel Cantonments ; Major Straubenzie had been detached with Six Companies of the same Bat- talion of Light-Infantry, the other Six under the Honour- able-Major Maitland, Kept the Road, by which Manoeuvres the Enemy's Patroll, consisting of a Sergeant and about a Dozen Men, was entirely cut off. Major Straubenzie moved on with the 71st Light Company, and in a Small Village surprised a Party of Virginia Cavalry, stiled Mrs Washington's Guards, consisting of more than an Hundred, commanded by Lieut.-Col. Baylor, who, with Major M'Leod, and two other Officers ; upon forcing the Door of an House, attempted to get up a large Dutch Chimney ; the Two former were mortally wounded, the Third killed, and the Fourth made prisoner; from hence a Part of Sir
1 This was one of the most disgraceful affairs occurring during the Revolution. In barbarity.- on the part of the British troops, it exceeded the affairs at Hancock's Bridge and Osborne's Island.
458 JXEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [177S
James Baird's Company was detached to a barn where 16 Privates were lodged, who discharged 10 or 12 Pistols, and striking at the Troops sans effet with their Broad Swords, Nine of them were instantly bayoneted and seven received
quarter. Major Maitland's Force coming up at that
Time attacked the Remainder of the Rebel Detachment, lodged in several other Barns, with such Alertness as pre- vented all but three Privates from making their Escape. The Troops lay on their Arms till Break of Day, when, moving forward, the Light-Infantry fell in with a Volun- teer Company of Militia in a very Thick Wood and Swamp, these gave one Fire, which the 40th Company, commanded by Capt Montgomery, returned, and drove them off, leaving 6 Dead, but afterwards scampering across the Road, in Front of a Company of Grenadiers, three more were killed by them. The Light Infantry, in pur- suing them, up to Tapan, where they were INTIRELY dispersed, took Five Prisoners, all of them wounded. The whole Loss on this Occasion was one Private of 2d Bat- talion Light-Infantry killed.
Upon entering the above mentioned house one of the Rebel Officers demanded the Name of the Corps which had attacked them, was answered, "the British Light-In- fantry," on which he exclaimed, Then we shall be all
cut off.
New- York, October 5. A sloop with Tobacco, Prize to the Amazon's Tender, was retaken by a Privateer, and car- ried into Egg-Harbour last Tuesday.
By a person who lately left Virginia we learn that Gen- eral Arnold1 was very busy in raising Troops to send to Jersey, in order to repel the British Army; that the Militia of Jersey was collecting very fast, there being in and about Elizabeth-Town and Woodbridge not less than 2000 Men, under the Command of Gen. MaxwelL
1 Benedict Arnold.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 451)
General Washington, with his Army, we hear crossed the North-River, near Dobb's Ferry, into New-Jersey, last Saturday; and the Day before a large Body of Militia, and some continental Troops, marched from Woodbridge, Elizabeth-Town, &c. under the Command of the Generals Maxwell and Heard, for Hackinsack.
Among the Rebel Prisoners lately taken in New-Jersey, and brought here, is a Major Van Beuren, from Albany, who is well known by many respectable Refugees now here, for his Activity in apprehending and imprisoning the Loyalists. He was Master of the Ceremony at the Declara- tion of Independence in Albany ; at the Close of that Day, he conducted with great Pomp, the burning of the King's Arms, formerly deposited as an Ornament in the Court- Hall, and expressed monstrous Indignity on that Occasion, against the King and his Friends : In short, he has been instrumental to many Acts of Tyranny and Oppression to the King's Friends; as a Reward for his meritorious Deeds — to encourage the Spirit of Rebellion, and to dis- courage that of Loyalty, and on the Principle to return Good for Evil, perhaps some pretended Friend to Govern- ment may intercede for his Release. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, October 5, 1778.
We hear young Mr. Bogart son of Nicholas Bogart, merchant, of New York, was a few days ago inhumanly killed by the enemy in New- Jersey. — The Pennsylvania Packet, " October 6, 1778.
To THE PUBLIC.
As our domestic enemies now despair of succeeding against the liberties of their country by the power of Britain, they are going to change their ground, and en- deavor by secret sap to undermine the foundation of our constitution. Apprehending a day of vengeance when
400 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [17. ^
the enemy shall have quitted the country, they are pre- paring to avert the punishment due to their crimes by a new arrangement in the Legislature of the State, which they mean shall be composed of your half-tories, your moderate men, and your nothings at all; and from which every spirited whig is to be excluded. Such Legislatures are expected to appoint, and doubtless would appoint, officers of the same cast, and thus these gentry will not only be exempted from the just indignation of their country for their adherence to the cause of the enemy, but in a short time engross the whole direction of our public affairs. To facilitate the execution of this project, they are already endeavouring by various calumnies to asperse the characters of the most active whigs in every department. But it is hoped our honest citizens will not suffer themselves to be thus imposed upon to endanger the vessel of the commoirtvealth, now to all appearances so .near the haven of safety; nor to requite with ingratitude those to whose labours and exertions, during the storm, we are under so great obligations for our deliverance.
That the leading tones have concerted such a plan, there are too many concurrent reasons to entertain any doubt; and to disappoint their devices, is the indispens- able duty of every real friend to his country to appear at the ensuing election, and exert himself as for his political salvation, to prevent those miscreants from sowing their tares among the wheat
PUBLICOLA.
]\Ir. COLLINS,
As our annual election is coming on, please to give the Twentieth Section of our excellent Constitution a place in your next Gazette ; for it cannot be too often read, or be made too public.
Sect, XX. "That the legislative department of this Colony may, as much as possible, be preserved from all suspicion of corruption, none of the Judges of the Supreme
1778J NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 461
or other Courts, Sheriffs, or any other person or persons possessed of any post of profit under the government, other than Justices of the Peace, shall he entitled to a seat in Assembly; but that, on his being elected and taking his seat, his office or post shall be considered as vacant."
How often has our Legislature broken this barrier against corruption ? l I shall only remind them of an Attorney-General, a Judge of the Supreme Court, Judge of the Court of Admiralty, a Clerk of a County, and several Loan Officers have been permitted to hold their seats without the least objection. 'Tis true those who have had several appointments by the Legislature have declined the next election. But is this keeping the legislative de- partment as free as possible from all suspicion of corrup- tion?— CaBsar's wife was not only to be virtuous, but she was to be free from all suspicion. — I expect to be treated by those interested, as Lord North's battalion, in the English Parliament, treats the reasoning of a Burke, a Barre, a Wilkes, and a Luttrel, that is give it a hearing. Although I allow that Lord North's battalion is the best disciplined of any in the world, yet we have some apt Scholars in this State as well as in Pennsylvania, and perhaps the same absurd and cruel reason given, to wit, the depreciation of the Bills of Credit. Was ever paper money emitted in the universe on better security ? Never. Why then is it not secured from depreciation by the several Legislatures of the United States ?
"But where interest fortifies an argument, "Weak reason serves to gain the will's assent; "For souls already ivarp'd receive an easy bent/ You shall hear from me again occasionally.
A JERSEY FARMER Oct. 3, 1778.
1 See page 500 post.
402 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [ IT
TRENTON, OCTOBER 7.
On the morning of the 27th of September General Maxwell received intelligence that General Clinton had come from New- York to Staten-Island the evening before —That a large body of the enemy were lying on their arms on the Island — That a number of armed vessels and flat-bottomed boats were collected; and that it was ex- pected they would land at Elizabeth-Point, at 11 o'clock. At half past ten they appeared in sight, standing for Crane's ferry, with 11 or 12 sail of brigs, sloops, and gallies, and their flat boats behind. The weather being hazy, and the General not able to see their rear, supposed them to be coming in force, and therefore ordered the alarm guns and signals to be fired. The militia turned out — the General with his brigade marched down with his usual spirit to meet them. But they turned about and went up to Newark bay, and thence up Hackinsack river. The enemy have some days past desolated the county of Bergen as far as their power extended - - They have thrown up some works on the other side of the New- Bridge beyond Hackinsack.
The same day General Winds, of our militia, marched from Acquackanonk to Hackinsack with upwards of 1000 men in high spirits, and more were following. General Heard, our other Brigadier, was the evening before with four regiments at the Short-Hills above Woodbridge.
General Winds has since been as far as Hackinsack, and had parties out to the New-Bridge. He has offered the enemy battle but they declined it. They have sent near 100 small vessels up the bay to Hackinsack, such as sloops, shallops, row-gallies, and flat-bottomed boats, for the purpose, as it is supposed, of bringing off their plunder.
In the night of the 28th, they began a smart firing from their vessels, with small cannon or large swivels, at De- hart's Point, near Elizabeth-Town, upon our sentries, but
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 463
hurt not a man — Our people briskly returned it, and supposed by the bawling of the enemy that some were wounded.
We hear Col. Baylor's regiment of horse, having taken post the beginning of last week at or near Old Tappan, were surprized in the night by means of a tory giving the enemy information, and who conducted them along bye roads into the rear and between our out-centries. These horrible murderers consisted of two regiments of British light-infantry, a regiment and two troops of horse - - who made a joint attack, the British officers ordering their men to "give no quarter to the rebels." Our cavalry being in a situation which did not admit of a successful defence, a considerable part of the regiment unavoidably fell a sacri- fice to those cruel and merciless men: Several of our sol- diers were murdered after they had surrendered. Col. Baylor, Major Clough, and Dr. Evans, were dangerously wounded, taken prisoners, and left on parole; the Major, we hear, has since died of his wounds; 20 others were killed on the spot, the like number left for dead, and near 30 wounded and taken off by the enemy.
A gentleman from Morristown reports, that on Tues- day last a small detachment of our cavalry, on the other
side the North-River, commanded by Butler, surprised
a party of the enemy's horse, killed 15 of their men in the skirmish, took 14 prisoners and 20 horses, without any loss on our side.
The same Gentleman informs us, that Major General Lord Stirling, with a formidable body of the American army, crossed the North-River a few days ago, in order to chastize the plundering herd from New- York, under the
command of Gen. Clinton. General Maxwell, with his
brigade, has also marched to co-operate with his Lordship's detachment.
We hear that a Packet has arrived at New- York with the August Mail, which contains such dispatches for the Commander in Chief, as have given the tories and refugees
NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
great uneasiness. It is said New- York is shortly to be evacuated, and that those gentry are petitioning for a gar- rison to be left there; promising to do duty as soldiers, and to give the garrison every assistance in their power. The day of their distress seems to be hastening fast upon them.
We have just received information that ten regiments of the enemy have received orders to embark at New- York for the West-Indies.
In the night of the 29th Sept. Governor Livingston re- ceived intelligence of the enemy's intentions to attack Egg- Harbour, and at three o'clock in the morning called a Council, and took measures to defeat their enterprize.
General Count PULASKI, with his Legion of Horse and Foot, arrived here on Sunday last from Pennsylvania. Monday evening tllfe General received intelligence that the enemy were about to make a descent upon Egg-Harbour, and yesterday morning he marched for that place with all his troops, in high spirits and with alacrity.
"To the unspeakable loss of a much bereaved and mourn- ing Husband and Children, died, of a tedious sickness, on the 27th ult. in the morning, Mrs. CHRISTIAN STELLE, the very amiable and much lamented Wife of the Rev. ISAAC STELKE, at Piscataway in East-Jersey, in the fifty-fifth year of her age. Her1 remains were the next day decently interred in the publick burying-ground in the town afore- said. On which occasion a very applicable sermon was preached the same day, on Ezek. xxiv. 16, by the Rev. BENJAMIN MILLER. She was a most obliging wife, a very tender-hearted mother, and a peaceable neighbour. In a word, such were her moral virtues, that wide room is left for liberal minds to enlarge on the subject. She made an early profession of Jesus Christ, and adorned the same with a becoming life; and in her last hours manifested a freedom to bid farewell to all things here below."
Psal. 112. 6. The righteous shall be in everlasting re- membrance.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 465
By virtue of an Act of the Legislature of this state, passed at Princeton, the 16th day of September last, the Supreme Court in future are to be held at Hillsbor- ough, in the county of Somerset, on the first Tuesdays in April and September; and at Burlington on the second Tuesdays in May 'and November annually. And all writs returnable to the next term, are to be tested at Crosswicks on the 16th day of May, 1778.
* * * The sheriffs of the several counties are requested to furnish the Printer, as early as may be, with the names of the gentlemen who shall be returned at the annual Elec- tion, on Tuesday next, to represent this state in Council and General Assembly.
BY HlS EXCELLENCY
WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, Esquire
Governor, Captain- General and Commander in Chief in and over the State of New-Jersey, and territories thereunto belonging, Chancellor and Ordinary in the same.
A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS it has been represented to me, That a Number of Persons in the County of Monmouth, and particularly those hereinafter mentioned, have committed divers Rob- beries, Violences and Depredations on the Persons and Property of the Inhabitants there of, and in order to screen themselves from Justice, secrete themselves in the said county: I HAVE, therefore, thought proper, by and with the Advice of the Council of this State, to issue this Proclamation, hereby promising the Rewards ^herein men- tioned to any Person or Persons who shall apprehend and
30
466 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTIOX. [177s
secure, in any Gaol of this State, the following Persons or Offenders, to wit: For JACOB FAGAX* and STEPHEX EM- MOXS, alias BURKED Five Hundred Dollars each ; and for SAMUEL WRIGHT, late of Shrewsbury, WILLIAM VAXXOTE,
JACOB VANNOTE, JONATHAN BURDGE and ELIJAH GROOM,3
One Hundred Dollars each. And all Judges, Justices of the Peace and other Officers or Ministers of Justice, and all other the Subjects of this State are hereby required to be aiding and assisting in the Apprehension of the above Offenders, as they tender the Welfare of their Country and are ambitious of signalizing themselves in the glorious cause of Liberty and Virtue.
Given under my Hand and Seal at Arms, in Prince- ton, the fifth Day of October, in the Year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and Sev- enty-eiglil.
WIL LIVINGSTON.
By His Excellency's Command, BOWES REED, Dep. Sec.
1 Jacob Fagan, "a monster in wickedness," was one of a band known as "Pine Robbers." A resident of Shrewsbury, in Monmouth county, he espoused, nominally, the Tory cause, but actually became a highwayman. Attempting to rob the residence of Captain Benjamin Dennis and murder his family, near Howell's Mills, Fagan was later betrayed by a comrade. A party of Whigs in ambush killed the outlaw, and his body was buried. So incensed were the inhabitants that they disinterred Fagan's remains, and, after heaping indignities upon the corpse, enveloped it in tarred cloth and chains. The body was hung from a chestnut tree on Colt's Xeck road, near Monmouth court house. Finally the birds picked the flesh from the skeleton and the bones fell to the ground.
- Stephen Emmons, alias Burke, was killed in January, 1779, by Cap- tain Benjamin Dennis, who had been active in the death of Fagan. Emmons was famous as a "Pine Robber."
3 The Vannotes, Burdge and Groom were also members of the freebooters fraternity in the old county of Monmouth. Many who were implicated in these crimes were men of respectable families, and some were highly con- nected with the plantation-owning aristocracy of that section of Xew Jersey. Of so atrocious a character were the crimes of the "Pine Robbers" that even those in New York, who were keenest to palliate massacre and robbery, when done for the Tory cause, refused to offer excuses for the atrocities committed in the county of Monmouth.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 467
ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS REWARD.
BROKE out of Trenton gaol last night, the two follow- ing villains, viz. CHRISTOPHER LOOP, about six feet high, black straight hair, swarthy complexion, and is a down looking fellow, resembles an Indian, and is very much pitted with small- pox; he is about 20 years old. Also PHILIP BEVEN, about five feet six or seven inches high, short hair and full faced, a down looking fellow, very much pitted with small-pox, has a scar on the right side of his nose, and is about 21 years old. It is needless to describe their cloaihs, as they will probably chaiige them. Whoever takes up the said villains, shall have Fifty Dol- lars for each, paid by
HUGH RUSSEL, Gaoler.
Trenton, October 4, 1778.
To be sold by publick vendue, on Saturday, the 17th inst/a number of CAST HORSES. The sale to begin at the Market-house in Trenton, at twelve o'clock on said day.
By order of Moore Furman, Esq. D. Q. M. G.
PETER GORDON, Q. M. Trenton.
October 6, 1778.
TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN from the subscriber, on the 28th of September, at night, two three years old half -blooded MARES; the one is a light brown, with a dull star in her forehead, about fourteen hands and an inch high, long and square built, long tail and mane. The other is a light sorrel, about fourteen hands high, with a blaze in her face a little to one side, with a long switch tail, fine limb'd, and one or both her hind legs white; they are both natural trotters, and each of them marked by wearing neck yokes. The
468 -\K\V .IKKSKY IX THE RKVOI.VTK ).\. [1778
brown mare has never been shod before she was taken away ; the sorrel has old shoes on. Whoever takes up the said mares, and returns them to the owner, and secures the thief or thieves, so that he or they may be brought to jus- tice, shall have the above reward and reasonable charges, or Fifty Dollars for either of the creatures, paid by
BEXJAMIX VAIL.
Basken-Eidge, Sept. 29, 1778.
On SATURDAY next
The 10th instant October,
WILL BE SOLD, at the Vendue-store in Trenton,
AN assortment of MEECHAXDISE, such as broad-cloths, plush, linens; deer-skins and deer-skin breeches: hand- kerchiefs; spelling-books; ivory and coarse combs; but- tons ; shoemakers' tools ; shoes, stockings ; silver watches ; pint, half pint, gill and wine glasses; also feather beds, bedding, tables, chairs, &c. — likewise two horses, * two riding-chairs, and some old harness, and a variety of other articles too tedious to enumerate.
Goods for sale received at said store at any time, by
FRAXCIS WITT, JACOB BEXJAMIX.
THIS DAY, at the house of GEORGE PAYNE, at
Chestnut-Neck, on Great Egg-Harbour river, WILL BE SOLD BY PUBLICK VENDUE, Agreeable to an order from the Judge of the Admiralty, THE CARGO OF THE PRIZE SCHOOXER Fame, captured by the armed sloop Comet, Yelverton Taylor, Commander ; consisting of a quantity of excellent Jamaica spirit, sugar, melasses, coffee, and pimento. And
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 469
TO-MORROW, at MAY'S LANDING, on Great Egg-harbour river, will also be sold a PUBLIC VENDUE, agree- able to a like order,
THE Cargo of the prize schooner Hannah, captured by the aforesaid armed sloop; consisting of the following articles, viz. — A quantity of coarse salt; Glauber's and Epsom's salts ; loaf sugar ; pepper ; China ; topsail duck and other brown linens; a valuable assortment of white linens; checks and stripes of different kinds; chintzes and printed linens ; handkerchiefs ; diapers ; dimoties ; cambricks and lawns; a quantity of hardware and iron- mongery; nails of various kinds in small casks; clout nails; frying pans; a quantity of brushes of different kinds, &c. &c.
The sales to continue until the whole is sold.
JOHN STOKES, Marshal.
Oct. 7.
JOHN POPE,
Has for sale at liis Store in Mansfield, and county of Burlington,
JAMAICA spirit, Bohea tea, coffee, loaf sugar, pepper; beaver hats; allum, copperas, camphor, rhubarb; an assortment of cotton and linen handkerchiefs ; and a quantity of foreign and continental SALT.
To all whom it may concern.
State of New- ^ NOTICE is hereby given, that a Court of
Jersey, ss. j Admiralty will be held in Allentown,
at the house of Gilbert Barton, on
Wednesday, the 21st day of October inst. at ten o'clock
in the forenoon of the same day, then and there to try
470 M-:\V .JERSEY IX THE K KYOLUTK >.\. [1778
the truth of the facts alledged in the bill of William Dunlop and Moses Griffing, (who as well, &c.) against the sloop or vessel called the Commerce, her tackle, apparel, furniture and cargo; to the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said sloop and her cargo, or any person concerned therein, may appear and shew cause, if any they have, why the same should not be condemned according to the prayer of the said bill.
By order of the Judge, Oct. 5, 1778. BOWES REED, Pro. Reg.
AT an Inferior Court of Common-Pleas held for the county of Salem, on the 15th instant, were returned inqui- sitions for joining the army of the King of Great-Britain, and for other offences against the form of allegiance, found against Abraham Saunders, John Murrow, John Booth, Erasmus Kent, junior, Matthew Money, Obadiah Wood, John Booden, John Stallcope, Joseph Munyen, Peter Kearney, Elisha Hall, JohnYouren, Hugh Copperth- wait, Moses Atkinson, Richard Meed, Jacob Van Meter, Philip Adams, William Pearce, James Sutton, John Sut- ton, Thomas Sutton, Jacob Sutton, Israel Elwell, Reuben Langley, Abdon Abbott, jun. Robert Whitacar, Ananias Nelson, John Cowman, Joseph Kindal, Richard Smith, Jacob Garrison, John Daniels, James Flanagan, Trivis Jenkins, John Sparks, John Sparks, jun. Lewis Reed, Pheneas Dunham, Samuel Davis, Samuel Jamison, Wil- liam Rawson, Henry Corse, Thomas Clarke, George Johnson, Joseph Hilton, Henry Langbog, Thomas Lamb, Joseph Hewlings, Noah Kerby, James Dougherty, An- thony Noble, Jerman Davis, Michael Miller, James Dean, Moses Sutton, Christopher Raindoleer and George Clark, jun. Proclamation was made in open Court, and infor- mation given, that if they, or any on their behalf, or any persons interested, would traverse, a trial should lie awarded and an opportunity of preventing .forfeitures given ; no traverses were offered : Therefore XOTICE is
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 471
hereby given, that if neither they, nor any on their be- half, nor any persons interested, should traverse at the next Court held for the county of Salem, on the first Tuesday in December next, the inquisitions will be taken to be true, and final judgment entered thereon in favour of the State; their personal estates will then be forfeited to the use of the State, and their lands taken into the hands of the Commissioners, until the Legislature shall take further order therein respecting the lands.
THOMAS SAYKE, Esq. and I Commis- WILLIAM GARRISON, { sioners.
Salem county, Sept. 26, 1778. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 44, Oct. 7, 1778.
Piles Grove, Salem county, West-Jersey, Oct. 9, 1778.
TWENTY FIVE POUNDS reward. Stole from the Forks of Little Egg harbour, about two o'clock last Thursday morn- ing, a likely quarter blooded sorrel chestnut HORSE, six years old last spring, fourteen hands and a half high, has a blaze down his face, wind galled in his hind legs, his mane hangs on both sides, some of which is worn off by the collar, just below the withers, and has a switch tail. He is a leader in a team. He trots well, carries his head low, and when rained up, he keeps throwing it up and down. Whoever secures the thief and horse, shall, upon conviction of the thief, have Twenty Pounds reward, and for the horse alone, Five Pounds and reasonable charges.
ANTHONY SHARP.
POSTSCRIPT.
PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 10. Extract of a letter from Springfield, jSTew-Jersey, dated Oct. 6, 1778.
"Since I came home, I snatched a moment to give you a small account of the enemy's proceedings, and now I take another. They possess the ground between the Xorth and Hackinsack rivers, near the half of Bergen county,
472 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION.
which they were very busy stripping. Upwards of one hundred vessels, some pretty large, went up to bring off their forage; several have returned, of these we have burnt four; these were loaded with forage and the petti- coats of old women. The hay was pressed, and stalls made, and to appearance ready to put directly to sea. Yesterday they crossed Hackinsack river, and possessed the heights on the east of Passaick river, driving and carrying off with great industry till near night, when they returned into their old quarters over Hackinsack. Which way they intend to stretch their course next is uncertain. Great preparations were made at Staten island to invade us at Elizabeth town and Woodbridge, and Vaughan, the fire brand who has the command on the island, swears by the Eternal God, he will burn every house in Elizabeth town. Our comfort is that he as well as other devils has his chain, beyond mis he cannot go. Our militia here seem to manifest their usual spirit. The distance of our grand army leaves us indeed much exposed ; but if we are invaded, we are determined to yield our country but by inches, and to sell every inch slow and dear."
By accounts from Little Egg Harbour, we learn that on Tuesday afternoon the enemy landed about four or five hundred men out of the sloops and rowgallies, which they had brought up Little Egg Harbour river as far as capt. Pain's house, which they burnt with several vessels scut- tled in that part of the river, the owners not having time to move them higher up. And it is thought they would have gone up to the Forks, in order to destroy the vessels there, if they had not discovered that col. Proctor, with his artillery, had taken possession of an important post upon the river betwixt them and that place; and on Wednes- day evening, they embarked in great hurry and confusion, upon hearing that some American reinforcements were arrived. On Thursday morning the Continental forces, consisting of col. Proctor's artillery, Polaski's legion, and Kew-Jersey militia, were upon their march to Great Egg
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 473
Harbour, at which place it was expected the enemy would attempt to land. None of the stores, public or private, were destroyed, being moved at the first of the alarm, and capt. Pain had fortunately carried off his stock and house- hold furniture. The Philadelphia militia, on Thursday noon; were within sixteen miles of Little Egg Harbour, in high spirits. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, October 9, 1778.
Last Wednesday evening the enemy left Egg-harbour, after destroying several vessels, and the houses of a few gentlemen remarkable for their attachment to the welfare of this country. — The Pennsylvania, Packet, October 10, 1778.
OFFICE for the Sale of REAL ESTATES. TO BE SOLD
A Valuable plantation and tract of land, situate about ten miles from Trenton, up the river road, in Hunterdon county, West-New-Jersey, containing 370 acres; 200 acres cleared ; about 20 acres of meadow made, and ten more to make ; remarkably well fenced and watered ; the remainder woodland excellent good; part of the land rough but produces fine crops and grass, the fields prop- erly divided with plenty of water in each, a young apple orchard and a good garden ; there are on premises a large stone dwelling-house, two stories high, with a stone kitchen adjoining, an excellent Dutch barn with sheds on each side that will contain 20 horses, with several other con- venient buildings.
For a more particular description of the above premises and the terms of sale, apply to EDWARD BONSALL, or ABRAHAM SHOEMAKER, at his office in Fourth street, between Spruce and Pine-streets, and opposite the end of F/nion street, where Deeds, Mortgages, Bonds Wills, and all other kind of Writings are done with the greatest
474 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
care, neatness and dispatch, and money let out at interest. — The Pennsylvania, Packet, October 10, \~~^.
Xew-York, October 12. Last Wednesday six Light Dragoons belonging to Seldon's Regiment, were taken at a Place called King-street, near Byram River, by a Party under the Command of Lieut. Col. Simcoe, who at the same Time burnt a Store with a considerable Quantity of Merchandize. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mrrciir//, October 12, 1778.
Came to the subscriber's living in Manington, near Salem, West-Jersey, a roan Horse, supposed to be twelve years old. The owner is desired to prove his property, pay charges and take him away.
CHARLES BILDERBACK — The Pennsylvania- Packet, October 13, 1778.
From the PENNSYLVANIA PACKET.
"Virtuous woman is never solicitous to resound her chastity, although she feels a proper degree of resentment at being called a Whore even by implication."
Mr. DUNLAP,
I HAVE very little faith in dreams, but whenever those unaccountable visions of the night make such strong im- pressions upon the sensorium as to leave wrhole pages of what I dreamt I had read or heard, it is my practice to commit them to writing early in the morning, and at my leisure to remark the difference between my sleeping and waking vagaries. I am an. old man, and have been thought a good friend to American Liberty, but too insignificant to be called on to carry a musket. I amuse myself with reading newspapers, conversing with my neighbours about the times, applauding the young fellows who turn out cheerfully against the common enemy, and encouraging such as appear a little timid.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 475
I was last night under my pipe reading your packet of the 10th of September, some parts of which led me into deep reflection, and while I was taking a general view of public affairs, the conduct of each of the United States, and of their representatives in Congress, I felt asleep.
In this state of freedom from the cares of the world, a little fairy maid, ten thousand times handsomer than any Tory Lady in Philadelphia with her top-gallant-royal com- mode,1 stood at the foot of my oaken elbow chair, delivered me a paper containing the identical words here-under written. She dropt a curtesy, said, "Old man, Virtue is its own reward," and vanished.
"FACTS."
"The largest return of the army commanded by Major- "General Sullivan in his late attempt against Rhode- "Island, amounted to ten thousand men; the Militia of "the Eastern States who had joined him could not there- fore exceed five thousand.
"The firing of a tar barrel and the discharge of a cannon "collected instantly four thousand of the ISTew Jersey "Militia, who joined and co-operated with the army under "His Excellency General Washington in his pursuit ef "the enemy through that State — and — 1S[. B. this was in "the time of harvest.
"The Eastern Volunteers, who composed about one "moiety of General Sullivan's army, -took occasion to return "home before the General's retreat, leaving him and the "other moiety of troops on the island.
"The Jersey Militia continued with General Washington "till the enemy was routed, and their assistance no longer "necessary.
"General Sullivan seems to complain a little of the "Eastern Militia going off and reducing his army to little "more than the amount of those of the enemy.
"General Washington declares his deep sense of the ser-
]A style of head dress affected by Royalist women.
476 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
"vices of the l^ew Jersey Militia in opposing the enemy "in their march from Philadelphia, and for the aid wh ich "they had given him in liarrassing and impeding their mo- "tions, so a-s to gain time for his troops to come up with "them.
"Congress by their resolves of the tenth ult. declared "their high sense of the patriotic exertions made by the "four Eastern States on the late expedition against Rhode- "Island.
"BUT,
"By no resolve have Congress ever manifested any sense "of the patriotic exertions of the State of Xew-Jersey, "whose Militia have twice put to the route nearly the "whole army of the enemy in their marches through that "State."-
I had finished* reading this paper, and was entering upon reflections in order to reconcile the conduct of Con- gress from a persuasion that they never wilfully err, when my pipe dropped out of my hand ; the clattering upon the floor startled and awoke me.
Xow I am awake, let me, Mr. Printer, say what I should probably have dreamt had not the breaking pipe disturbed me.
From the sentiment which I entertain of the wisdom of Congress, I am perfectly satisfied the partiality implied in the fairy tale did not arise from a predilection in that august body to any particular State or States, but from mere inadvertency — - Inadvertence, howbeit the common failing of human nature, should not too often appear in the acts of those who are appointed guardians of an infant empire and with the most profound respect for the FREE CHOICE OF THE PEOPLE, I claim the liberty of the press to inform them that all their proceeding in and out of doors are inspected by
AN OLD MAX.
£ * t STATES, take the hint. * And e British Commissioners know we are free.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS.
TRENTON, OCTOBER 14.
Thursday last the General Assembly of this State ad- journed. During their sitting they passed twelve acts, the titles of which are not yet received.
About ten days ago Jacob Fagan, who having previ- ously headed a number of villains in Monmouth county, that had committed divers robberies, and were the terror of travellers, was shot. Since which his body has been gibbet-ted on the publick high-way in that county, to deter others from perpetrating the like detestable crimes.
BOWES REED, Esq. is appointed Secretary of this State, in the room of CHARLES PETIT, Esq. who has resigned.
Since our last several British deserters came to town from the enemy at Hackinsack.
We hear that on Wednesday last the enemy left Egg- Harbour, after having destroyed a number of vessels, and several houses belonging to Gentlemen who have distin- guished themselves by their attachment to the American cause. They have, it is said, bent their course towards Tom's River, in order to destroy our salt works.
Among the officers who fell into the hands of the enemy in Col. Baylor's late disaster, at Old Tappan, were Cap- tain Swan, Doctor Evans, junior surgeon, Lieut. Ran- dolph, and three Cornets. Capt. Stith being suddenly surrounded by the enemy's horse and foot, and seeing no probable way of getting off, called out for quarter; but they, contrary to the rules of war and to every sentiment of humanity, refused his request, called him a damnd rebel, and struck him over the head with a sword — which fired him with such indignation, that he bravely fought his way thro' them, leaped over a fence, and escaped into a morass. Lieut. Barret got off on horseback ; and Lieut. Morrow with a number of others badly wounded and left on the field as dead, were next morning brought off by a party of the regiment, the remaining part of which is now
478 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
commanded by Capt. Stith. Several of those his party brought off are since dead of their wounds.
* * * A good WORKMAN at Press and Case will find con- stant Business, be exempted from actual Service in the Militia, and. receive handsome Wages. Apply to fhe Printer of this Paper.
BROKE out of Trenton Gaol, on Wednesday the 7th of this instant, the four following villains, viz. Thomas Brooks, about five feet seven inches high, well made, short black curl'd hair, a bold looking fellow, and about 27 years olfl. This is the second time he has broken out of this gaol ; the first of which he was confined on suspicion of his being a deserter from the 2d Jersey Regiment, and the second on suspicion of breaking open Abraham Skirm's fulling mill, and is supposed to be a robber and horse thief. Also James Price, about five feet eight inches high, darkish colour'd hair, well made, and is about 17 years of age, committed for being concerned in the rob- bery of the widow Bellisfelt. Also two Indians, belonging to the 2d Jersey Regiment; one named William Homes,1 about five feet eight inches high, full faced, and pitted with the small-pox ; the other James Dillap,2 about 5 feet 9 inches high, spare built and smooth faced. Whoever takes up and secures said villains, shall receive Thirty Dollars for Brooks, Sixteen for Price, and eight for each of the Indians, paid by
HUGH RUSSEL, Gaoler. Trenton, Oct. 13, 1778.
STOLEN on the night of the 30th of September, out of the pasture of the subscriber living in Hunterdon county, near New-Germantown, a sorrel MARE, four years old, trots and canters well, about 13 and a half hands high,
1 Second Battalion, Second Establishment, Second Regiment. He may have been from Cumberland county.
2 Dlllap's service was like that of Holmes.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 479
branded D S on the near side. The thief is supposed to be one Timothy Flude, about 5 feet 9 inches high, well set, has light hair and a fair complexion, near 30 years of age; had on a light colour'd coat and jacket, linen breeches, and a small brimm'd beaver hat. Whoever takes up said mare and thief shall have Forty Dollars reward, and for the mare only Twenty Dollars, with all reasonable charges paid by
WILLIAM ABEL.
Oct. 7, 1778.
FOSTER HORTOISr Has for SALE at his STORE in CHATHAM.
BEST bohea tea, 8 dollars per pound ; pins by the paper or pound ; black silk handkerchiefs ; hair combs, fine and coarse ditto ; indigo ; salt ; ginger ; alspice ; tobacco ; snuff ; striped lutestring; women's gloves and children's ditto; fans; best black sewing silk; thread; mohair and twist: an assortment of mohair buttons; knives and forks by the dozen — Also tallow in barrels or cakes, and a new Riding Chair.
To be sold by the Subscriber, Living opposite the Meeting-house in Maiden-head
at PUBLICK VENDUE, on the 23d of October, SEVERAL horses, one yoke of oxen, likewise two hogs- heads of good RUM. The vendue to begin at two o'clock, when attendance will be given, by
ELIAS HUNT.
To be sold by the Subscriber,
In MOUNT-HOLLY,
A stout healthy NEGRO BOY, about seven years old. Has had the small-pox and measles, and is warranted sound.
JOHN JONES.
480 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
To be sold by the Subscriber
at TRENTON,
AN excellent BREEDING MARE, with a COLT by her side, got by the elegant horse Bajazett. She is with foal by the noted horse called Lofty. - — Also a horse colt rising two years old, got by Lofty.
NATHAN BEAKES.
TWO ELEGAXT BAY BREEDING
MARES to be sold.
Enquire at the Printing-Office, Trenton. EIGHTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN out of the house of the subscriber, at Brookland Eorge, on Sunday night the 27th September last, the fol- lowing articles, viz. A light-coloured short broadcloth coat, cut regimental fashion, but plain; a dove-coloured forrest cloth short jacket made with a belt, both a little worn; one pair of blue narrow ribb'd yarn stockings, a pair of plain worsted ditto; a pair of corded velvet breeches, and a castor hat, both new; a pistol with a brass stripe on the barrel, and 80 dollars in continental money. The above articles were taken by a fellow who calls himself Charles Kennedy, aged about 27 years, five feet six or eight inches high, very stout and well- set for his height, very fresh ruddy complexion, round full face, brown hair rather light at the ends, and I be- lieve has grey eyes; wears a light homemade jacket lined with striped linsey. Whoever takes up and secures said thief and goods shall have the above reward, and for the thief only Forty Dollars, paid by the subscriber at the place aforesaid.
JOHN BOWNE.
Brookland Forge, Morris County and state of New-Jersey, Oct. 6, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS.
SIXTEEN DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen, on the night of the 7th inst. from the subscriber in Hopewell, a bright bay MARE, with a black mane and tail, has a saddle mark on the near side, a few white hairs in her forehead, fourteen hands and a half high, paces and trots, but more natural to pace.— Whoever takes up said mare and secures her so that the owner may have her again, shall receive the above reward and all reasonable charges from
JOSEPH HART.
Hopewell, October 12, 1778.
WHEREAS the Partnership of Robert Johnston, of New- Ark, and Thomas Nixon, of the city of Philadelphia, dissolved the 22d day of April last. These are to request all persons indebted to the said partnership to pay the same; and any persons having demands against the said partnership are desired to bring in their accounts to the respective partner with whom the debt was contracted, and they will be paid.
Oct. 9, 1778.
FOR SALE,
THE ruins of a compleat MERCHANT MILL, (which was destroyed by the British army in their late march through New- Jersey) together with about 40 acres of Land, situate on Black's creek, about half a mile from Borden-Town, in the county of Burlington, a healthy part of the country, distant from Philadelphia 28 miles.
There yet remains on the premises a tolerable good saw-mill, an old dwelling-house, kitchen, cooper's shop, stable, smoak-house, &c. — The mill walls are built very good stone 37 by 52 feet, and about 18 feet high, the foundation of which being well fixed on piles, are .still sufficient to support a frame building, or even stout enough
31
XK\V .IKKSKV IX TIIK KKVOI.fTIO.N . [177^
to build upon with stone or brick, having sustained little or no damage by the fire. The mill consisted of two water wheels, and three pair of stones all running double geer'd, for which the foundation works are well calculated — besides a spare water lane suitable for a small wheel for hoisting, or many other purposes. The house was large and convenient, four stories high, covering all the wheels, and furnishing granaries to contain about 10,000- bushels of grain, with a remarkable large meal-loft, and the necessary room for boulting-chests, packing rooms, storing flour, bran, shorts, &c. The fore-bay and water lanes are not so much damaged but they may be repaired at a small expence. All the iron work (which was made by a complete workman) consisting of gudgions, spindles, rines, steps, punchions, bands, machine for raising and lowering millstones, 0&c. will be disposed of with the premises.
The advantages attending this valuable seat for any kind of water-works are very great, the stream being pretty good, and is raised to ten feet nine inches head and fall — the tide flowing up the creek a short distance from the river Delaware to the spot, a flat boat has constantly carried from thence 120 barrels of flour, and a vessel may easily be constructed which may load at the mill-tail and carry off upwards of 200 barrels of flour writh great convenience immediately to Philadelphia market. The country for many miles round is fertile, and has always furnished this mill with large quantities of wheat, rye, and Indian corn ; besides great supplies of wheat annually brought down the river Delaware in Durham boats,1 which
1 Owing to the shallowness of the Delaware between the head of tide, at or near Bordentown. and the up-river settlements, Durham boats were used to transport freight. During the Revolution there were about forty of this kind of craft. In the passage of the American army over the Delaware, on the night before and the morning of the battle of Trenton, the Durham boat played a conspicuous part. In shape these boats were like large canoes, pointed at each end, about forty feet long, painted black, and manned by a crew of four or five men. A steering-oar, adjustable at either end, guided the boat on its journey down stream. The current carried the boat from Easton to Philadelphia in about two days, although the return trip, during which pole-pushing was employed, occupied the greater portion of the week.
1778] .\K\VS I'Al'KR KXTKACTS. 483
unload with much ease and dispatch, being hoisted out by water directly into the mill. Exclusive of those advan- tageous circumstances a very ample supply of wheat may generally be had from Philadelphia, by the return vessels which are continually employed in transporting produce from the several neighbouring landings on the creek and river, at a reasonable freight, and has frequently been procured on better terms than the wheat purchased in this part of the country. From either of those resources a very plentiful supply of wheat for manufacturing may always readily be purchased, with additional quantities for further speculation.
An iron-work1 was formerly erected at this place, which was supplied with pig-iron from Durham, and other fur- naces up the Delaware.
Will be sold with the above premises a lot of ground near the mouth of the same creek, whereon is erected a small dwelling-house, and wharf, for the convenience of the mill, as well as for the benefit of the country, from whence considerable quantities of grain, pork, flour, lum- ber and other produce, are annually transported to Phila- delphia, and from whence a shallop can carry about 300 barrels of flour — being distant from the mill seat less than half a mile. There is also a quantity of white-oak and other valuable timber part on the spot, and part about two miles distant, already squared suitable for building a large tumbling dam, which will be disposed of with the same, or separately.
A good title will be given to the above described prem- ises.— For terms of sale apply to ROBERT LEWIS, mer- chant, in Philadelphia; ROBERT LEWIS, jun. at Penny- pack mill ; WILLIAM LEW^IS, near Orosswicks ; or to the subscriber on the premises.
NATHANIEL LEWIS.
Oct. 1778. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 45, Oct. 14,1778.
1 At one time a leading industrial establishment In the central portion of the State.
484 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. | 17TS
Fish-Kill, October 8. Extract of a letter from an officer in Jersey, dated Aquakanock, October 4, 1778.
"In my last I informed you of the landing of a party of the enemy from jSTew-York. This irruption into our State has been conducted with the utmost degree of pru- dence and circumspection, — with a force sufficient, had it been managed with dexterity and spirit, (in the interval of assembling our militia) they might have harrassed a considerable extent of country and perhaps secured a large number of cattle. 'Tis true in attempting this they must have exposed thier retreat to the sagacity of a commander who from his vicinity to Jersey, had it in his power to cut them off. Instead of penetrating into the state, they confined themselves to a small portion of country, between two navigable rivers, exposing only a small front, im- penetrable by its sitij&tion, and by works thrown up for its further security. Here they lay foraging, chiefly among their friends the tories, in the neighbourhood of Hackinsack. We can explain this conduct of theirs, only by complimenting the spirit of our countrymen, who turned out most readily on this occasion, and by suppos- ing them much fonder of forage than of fighting. Had they ventured farther it might have proved fatal. How- ever, this supineness gives us time to collect our strength,' and receive reinforcements from the main army on your side of the Hudson. We now are a body of some consider- ation, sufficient to give confidence and cover to the country, with the assistance which we received, and to be at the same time an effectual restraint on the enemy's depreda- tions beyond their lines. At present they are busied in transporting their plunder; and we are watching for a vulnerable point, where we may revenge the barbarities practised on the unfortunate and amiable Baylor.
"Our whale boats in the mouth of Hackinsack river are not unemployed. They have destroyed four vessels with forage that were returning to New- York, and had we an opportunity to work, you may be assured we would not be
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 485
idle. We have felt injuries, and learnt how to revenge them, and wish most sincerely for a parting blow with our enemy. We harmonize perfectly with the continen- tals, and are peculiarly happy under the command of Lord Stirling."
New- York, Oct. 19. The Cork fleet arrived at Sandy Hook Yesterday Afternoon.
When the British troops withdrew from the New Bridge, near Hackinsack, the Continentals and Militia that were in that Neighbourhood, marched directly towards Newark, Elizabeth-Town, &c. — New-York Gazette and ^Yeekly Mercury, October 19, 1778.
For the NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE.
THE public, it seems, is once more entertained with another dying speech of their Excellencies the British Commissioners, who, like Mr. Partridge, the Almanack-maker, will be walking about, after having been proved stone-dead before. As these Gentlemen are not the first who have published their own disgrace, the dissemination of their Manifesto, will, I am persuaded, injure none but themselves. It fully proves, and indeed acknowledges, that they had no power finally to do anything but to grant pardons, that is, to hold up the most' insolent offer (for receiving them from the bosom of liberty into the shackles of slavery) to a free and independent nation, which their own tyranny and nonsense (Johnstone himself being judge) have eternally sepa- rated from them, and from which they ought, in all humble manner, to implore forgiveness for their numberless barbarities and outrages : A nation that has reduced them to a degree of humiliation and abase- ment of which their history knows no example, and that is only restrained by the principles of humanity from imitating their own bribing pattern, to lay their metropolis in ashes. — They offer no inducement for any man to become of their party. They tell all the world what all the world knew before — They reiterate the nonsensical experiment of disaffecting the people against the Congress, which they have attempted ever since they landed, and which attempt must end as all other the like attempts have ended — in nothing at all. But have at ye my lads, — and woe to all non-returning rebels, — they threaten in the ravings of despair to execute that vengeance, with a ruined power, which they were incapable of inflicting with all their strength in its fullest vigour. To reconcile such proceedings to com- mon sense, it must be presumed that the Manifesto is rather calculated for the meridian of London than that of America. For as the English have not yet heard that 'Squire Johnstone is banished for bribery,
4S() \K\V .1 HUSKY IX TIIK K KV( )I.UTI( ).\. |17(S
and still believe (for except the truth, what is there that they do not believe.) that the people of America can be spirited up against the Congress, (which is but another name for the people of America in the State-house of Philadelphia) their little fools here, must govern themselves by the sentiments of the great fools there; and, to avoid the cool reception of almost the whole fraternity that have been sent upon the Quixote errand of enslaving America, must be able to intro- duce themselves to their disappointed constituents with the amplest proofs of their having tried whatever the folly of their employers induced them to believe practicable, however repugnant to the sense or the conscience of the negociators employed. This supposition, Messieurs Commissioners, I make in sheer compassion to yourselves, as I cannot but think there must be some sense in a Scotch secretary whatever there be in an English pair of red-heel'd shoes.
The Manifesto1 which has fallen into my hands, friend Colliiix. I once thought of consecrating to the Goddess Cloacina, but it being ornamented with his Majesty's own arms, and I having heard so much in times of yore about the Lord's annointed, (by which some com- mentators understood Kings, but by which the prophet David cer- tainly meant the people} I was struck with horror at the sacriligious (rebellious) impulse. I |hall therefore paste it up over my chimney- piece, but in all probability topsyturvy, (a ridiculous exhibition, you will say, of the Lion and Unicorn, but very emblematical, say I, of the affairs of Great-Britain) that if I am hang'd at last, my descend- ants may know it was thro' sheer love of hanging, by refusing so gracious and unmerited a pardon upon sincere repentance, with so grim-frowning a lion on the top, terrificly denouncing the royal venge- ance against final contumacy and impenitence after the forty days quarantine mercifully allowed to air away all the infection of repub- licanism and rebellion.
HORTENTirS.2
Extract of a letter from General Count Pulaskl, to the President of Congress, dated October 16, 177s.
"SIR,
"For fear that my first letter concerning my entra<>v- ment should miscarry or be delayed, and having other particulars to mention, I thought proper to send yon this letter.
1 "Manifesto and Proclamation" given at New York, October 3d. 1 778, by the Earl of Carlisle. Sir Henry Clinton and William Eden. Commission- ers authorized to grant pardons of all treasons or misprisons of treasons within the "Colonies, Plantations or Provinces" of North America. The manifesto expired November llth. 1778.
2 Governor Livingston.
1778] -\K\VS PAPER EXTRACTS. 487
'"You must know that one Juliet an officer, lately de- serted from the enemy, went off to them two days ago with three men whom he debauched and two others whom they forced with them. The enemy, excited without doubt by this Juliet, attacked us the 15th inst. at three o'clock in the morning, with 400 men. They seemed at first to attack our pickets of infantry with fury, who lost a few men in retreating: Then the enemy advanced on our infantry. The Lieut. Col. Baron de Bose, who headed his men and fought vigorously, was killed with several bayonet wounds, as well as the Lieut de la Borderie, and a small number of soldiers and others were wounded. This slaughter would not have ceased so soon, if 011 the first alarm I had not hastened with my cavalry to sup- port the infantry, which then kept a good countenance: The enemy soon fled in great disorder, and left behind them a great quantity of arms, accoutrements, hats, blades, &c.
"We took some prisoners, and .should have taken many, had it not been for a swamp, through which our horses could scarcely walk: Notwithstanding this, we still ad- vanced in hopes to come up with them ; but they had taken up the planks of a bridge for fear of being over- taken, which accordingly saved them. However my light infantry, and particularly the company of rifle-men got over the remains of the plank, and fired some vollies on their rear. The fire began again on both sides. We had the advantage, and made them run again, although they were more in number.
"I would not permit iny hunters to pursue any further, because I could not assist them, and they returned again to our line without any loss at that time.
"Our loss is estimated, dead, wounded and absent about 25 or 30 men, and some horses. That of the enemy ap- pears to be much more considerable. We had cut. off the retreat of about 25 men, who retired into the coimtrv
M-:\V JERSEY IN THE RKY< ) I.UTION. [177s
and the woods, and we cannot find them; the general d[)inion is, that they are concealed by the tories in the neighbourhood of their encampment." Ordered by Congress to be publisJwd.
HENRY LAURENS, President.
PRINCETON, October 2, 1778.
On Wednesday last was held the annual commencement of the College in this place. The Governor, Council and Assembly met the Trustees at the President's house, and the company went in procession to the College Hall in the following order: (1) The Candidates for Batchelors degrees, two and two. (2) The Candidates for Masters degrees in the same jaianner. (3) The Governor of the state, Presses (ex officio) of the Board of Trustees, the President of the College, and other Members of the Board and Faculty. (4) the Members of the Council (5) the Members of Assembly (6) Clergymen, Graduates, and other Gentlemen present.
After prayer the exercises were performed in the fol- lowing order:
1. Salutatory oration by John Scudder,1 on civil discord.
2. Oration by William Boyd, on the strength of human passions.
3. Oration by Joseph Scudder, on contentment.
4. Oration by Jacob Morton, on the horrors of war. .">. Oration by Belcher Smith,2 on eloquence.
Then the degree of Batchelor of Arts was conferred on the following gentlemen, Members of the senior class, William Boyd, of Pennsylvania, Jacob Morton, of New- Jersey, Joseph Scudder, of New-Jersey, Matthew Woods, of Pennsylvania, Peter Wilson of New-Jersey.
1 John Anderson Scudder, Class of 1775.
2 Belcher Peartree Smith, Class of 1773.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 489
Then the degree of Master of Arts was conferred on the following gentlemen, Alumni of this College, Stephen Balch1 of North Carolina, John Joline2 of New- Jersey, Isaac Keith3 of Pennsylvania, James M'Ree4 of North Carolina, John Scudder, Belcher Smith, and David Witherspoon,5 of New-Jersey.
The whole was concluded with an exhortation by the President to the graduates, containing advices for the prosecution of their studies and direction of their conduct in future life.
The winter session of this College begins on the 10th of November. The grammar school continues without vacation.
TRENTON OCT 21
On Tuesday the 13th instant came on the Annual Elec- tion, throughout this State, when the following Gentlemen were chosen, being all the Returns yet come to our Hands :
For HUNTERDON COUNTY,
Representative in Council, John Stevens, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, John Hart, Azariah6 Dun- ham, Esqrs. Col. Chambers.
For SOMERSET COUNTY,
Representative in Council., Fre. Frelinghuysen, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, William Ch. Houston, Roeloff Sebring, David Kirkpatrick, Esqrs.
1 Stephen Bloomer Blach, Class of 1774.
2 Class of 1775.
3 Class of 1775. « Class of 1775. 5 Class of 1774., 0 Nehemiah.
490 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. |177S
For MIDDLESEX COUNTY,
Representative in Council, Jonathan Deare, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, Benjamin Manning, Jacob Schenck, Ebenezer Ford, Esqrs.
Representative in Council, Joseph Holmes, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, James Mott, junior, Peter Schenck, Hendrick Smock, Esqrs.
For, BURLINGTON COUNTY,
Representative in Council; Peter Tallman, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, Caleb Shreve, Thomas Fennimore, Josiah Foster, Esqrs.
For GLOUCESTER COUNTY,
Representative in Council, John Cooper, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, Elijah Cook, Joseph Cooper, Joseph Ellis, Esqrs.
For CUMBERLAND COUNTY,
Representative in Council, Ephraim Harris, Esq.
Representatives in Assembly, John Buck, Jonathan Bo wen, James Ewing, Esqrs. .
The GENERAL ASSEMBLY of this State are to meet here on Tuesday next.
1778] NKWSPAPKR EXTRACTS. J-'.'l
Extract of a letter from a Field-Officer in Maxwell's Brigade, dated Elizabeth-town, Oct. 17, 1778.
''The enemy have embarked ten full regiments, and the vessels have fell down Math them to the Hook. We have information by deserters this day that the enemy have evacuated Paulus Hook1 and Hoobuck; if so, they have no post left in Jersey. They were also evacuating fort Washington; fort Independence, and their other works without Kingsbridge,2 they had abandoned some days ago. We observed them moving off from their encampment nearest us on Staten-Island this morning, whether with intent to leave the island, or set down on some other part of it, is yet uncertain."
Tuesday se'nnight the enemy left Hackinsack, after having plundered the country thereabouts- of most of the forage, a number of cattle, robbed hen-roosts, and com- mitted many acts1 of barbarity on the defenceless inhabi- tants. Several tory families, we hear, went off with them.
On Friday last Major-General LINCOLN passed through this place on his way to Philadelphia.
We hear that on Monday last about 100 sail of trans- ports with troops on board, under convoy of several men
1 Fort near the site of the Pennsylvania railroad station, Jersey City.
-In the New Jersey Gazette, under date of Wednesday, October 21st, 1778. is printed an extract of a letter from Lord Stirling, commanding the Continental troops in New Jersey. It was dated October 13th, 1778, and addressed to the President of Congress, as follows :
"By all the intelligence I have been able to collect, a grand embarkation will immediately take place at New- York, they give out It is for South- Carolina ; some say it is for Boston. But from the season, and a variety of other circumstances. I conclude it is for the West-Indies. "Your most obedient humble servant,
P. S. "It is this moment reported that Fort Independence and Kings- bridge are evacuated : if true, further symptoms of the embarkation at New-York.''
492 NEW JEKSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
of war, sailed from the Hook, supposed for the West- Indies.
Yesterday between 7 and 800 British, Scotch and Hessian prisoners arrived here from Maryland and Vir- ginia, under guard, on their way to Elizabeth-Town, to be exchanged.
HEAD-QUARTERS, AQUACKANONCK in NEW-JERSEY,
October 11, 1778.
WHEREAS it has been found that illicit and illegal uses have been made of Flags coming into various parts of this State. It is ordered that no Flag from the enemy shall be received at any post or place within this State, except at Elizabethtown-PoinJ;, without a special permission for that purpose from the Governor or Commanding Officer of the troops of the United States in New-Jersey ; and all Officers within this State are to use their best endeavours to prevent their coming in, or being received at any other place. The Officer commanding at the said Point, is to see that the laws and usages of Flags are strictly observed in every instance.
By order of Major-General Lord Stirling, command- ing the army in New-Jersey,
w. BARBER, A. D. Camp.1
1 Major William Barber, Ensign, Third Battalion, First Establishment, October 29th, 1776 ; Ensign, Captain Ross' company, Third Battalion, Second Establishment, November 29th, 1776. Resigned. Afterward Lieu- tenant and Ald-de-Camp to Brigadier-General William Maxwell, January 1st, 1777; Captain, April 14th, 1777; Major, May 7th, 1778; Major and Aid-de-Camp, Major-General Lord Sterling, October, 1778. Wounded at the siege of Yorktown. Resigned at the close of the war. "Official Register of the Officers and Men of New Jersey in the Revolutionary War," Stryker, p. 67.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 493
BY HlS EXCELLENCY
WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, Esquire,
Governor, Captain-General and Commander in Chief in and over the State of New-Jersey, and Territories thereunto belonging, Chancellor and Ordinary in the same.
ALL, the Officers of this State, both civil and military, are hereby required to use their utmost endeavours to pre- vent any Flags from the enemy coming in, or being re- ceived at any place in this State, except in the manner pointed out in the above order of Major-General Lord Stirling.
Given under my Hand and Seal at Arms, at Morris- town, the fifteenth day of October, in the Year of our Lord, 1778.
WIL. LIVINGSTON.
By His Excellency's Command, Wm. Livingston, jun. Sec.
Turks Island SALT, Of the best QUALITY, to be had of
JOHN REYNOLDS,
At the house formerly occupied by the Widow Cummins, opposite Capt. Joseph Clunn's tavern,
TRENTON.
N. B. The highest price is given for clean LINEN RAGS at the above place.
THIRTY DOLLARS Reward
WAS stolen out of the subscriber's pasture on the night of the 13th instant, a black horse, about 14 hands and a half high, with a large star in the fore head, both hind
4!»4 NEW JKltSKY I.\ THE REVOLUTION. 1.1778
feet white, about 12 years old ; supposed to be taken by a certain Thomas Brooks, who lately broke out of Trenton gaol, and is now advertised in the X. J. Gazette, with a reward of 30 dollars: Said Brooks is about 5 feet 7 inches high, well made, short black curled hair, about 27 years of age. Whoever takes up said horse and thief, so that the Hiliscriber may get the horse again, shall have for the horse Sixteen Dollars, and for the thief Fourteen Dollars, and reasonable charges, paid by
ISSABEL SMITH.
Maidenhead, Oct. 15.
200 & Ten Dollars Reward.
STRAYED or stolen, from the subscribers living in Ulster county, State of !New-York, on the night of the 14th in- stant, (October) out of the pasture at Fleet's tavern at Musconetcung, seven horses, viz. Two chesnut brown Mares, one about 10 years old, bald face, 14 hands high, some white feet; the other a three years old Colt, 14 and a half hands high, natural trotter, branded B D on the near thigh; a grey mare upwards of fourteen hands high, branded C C on the near flank; a black mare, branded with a stirrup-iron ; two brown horses and one bay, each about 14 hands high. Whoever takes up said horses and secures them so that the subscribers may have them, shall receive the above reward if taken with the thief, or Thirty Dollars esueh horse; or Fifteen Dollars for each horse without the thief, and all reasonable charges paid by us,
BEX JAM IX DOUGHTY, and EZEKIEL EVERETT.
WAS left at the subscriber's house some time in the winter season of the year 1777 or 1778, some sails and rigging. The owner is desired to come and prove his prop-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 495
erty, pay charges, and take them away by the first of No- vember next, otherwise they will be sold.
ISEAEL WRIGHT.
Bordentown, Oct. 15, 1778.
TO BE SOLD BY THE SUBSCRIBER,
near ALLENTOWN,
A Quantity of good SALT, made better than three months, and as cheap as can be purchased at the Shore, equal in quality to imported blown salt.
WILLIAM MONTGOMERY, Minor.
To THE PUBLIC.
THE subscriber has removed from Burlington into the house in Bristol, formerly kept by Mr. Charles Bessonet, and has laid in a large stock of liquors of all sorts. He purposes keeping of a reputable Inn, for the accommoda- tion of all genteel travellers, and hope to give general satisfaction.
ARCHIBALD
Said M'Elroy hath for sale at the above place, Old Spirits, by the gallon or quart ; Rum, ditto ; Bristol Beer, by ..the dozen; Taunton Ale; London Porter; Wine: Pickles.
N. B. A Hostler wanted.
JOHN CUNNINGHAM, Taylor,
From NEW-YORK,
BEGS leave to acquaint the Gentlemen of the Army, and others the respectable Inhabitants of the counties of Hun- terdon, Burlington and Bucks, that he proposes carry- ing on his business in all its various branches at the house
496 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. I 1778
of Mr. Peter Hulick, stay-maker, in Trenton ; where Gentlemen may have their clothes made in the newest fashions lately introduced, and in the neatest manner. Those Gentlemen who please to favour him with employ- ment, may depend on his utmost endeavours to merit their esteem.
Trenton, Oct. 20, 1778.
New-Jersey, A t an Inferior Court of Common Pleas Cumberland. J\ held for the county of Cumberland, on the 22d of last month, were re- turned Inquisitions for joining the army of the King of Great Britain, and other treasonable practices, found against Daniel Bowen, Reuben Dolles, William Woodland, Peter Souder, junior, Richard Cayford, Daniel Shaw, John Jefferis, John Phipps, William Fullerton, Nicholas Bough, Ashley Bowen, James Benson, Hugh Barber, Francis Pilgrim, Ananias Tubman, Joel Daniel, John Stretch, Ambrose Fitzgerald, David Watkins, Daniel Stretch, Clement Remington, Jacob Hall, John Dreeler, James Barrott, jun. John Hank, Ezekiel Thomas, Jeremiah Buzhart, Job Seeley, William Sayler, Richard Ketchem, Hezekiah Shaw, Samuel Stretch, Levi Hall, Isaac Hall, Samuel Cartwright, John Evans, James Parker, Martin Flowers, Matthias Taylor, Jeremiah Davis, Lewis Reed, Malachi Bonum, Thomas Riggins, James Boyd, Caleb Cartwright and Sylvenus Tubman ; proclamation was made in open court, that if they, or any on their behalf, or any persons interested would appear and traverse, a trial should be awarded, but no traverses were offered. Therefore NOTICE is hereby given, that if neither they, nor any on their behalf, nor any interested shall appear and traverse at the next court to be held for said county, on the last Tuesday in November next, the Inquisitions will then be taken to be true, and final Judgment entered thereon in favour of the State, their personal estates will then be absolutely forfeited to the use of the State, and their real
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 497
estates taken into the hands of the Commissioners until the Legislature ta'kes further order for their disposal.
ENOS SEELEY, ) Commis-
Cumberland, WILLIAM KELSAY, J sioners.
Oct. 14, 1778.
ALL persons having any demands on the estate of James Nealen, merchant, late of Horner's-TWn, are desired to meet at the house of Mr. William Tapscott, jun. on the 27th of this instant, October, where a dividend will be made of the amount of said estate, by us
PETER IMLAY, ) KS, j
Auditors.
AB. JIENDRICKS,
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber at the Draw- bridge between Trenton and Bordentown, an old bay Horse with a bald face, about 13 and a half hands high, his off hind foot white. Also a small brown Horse 8 or 9 years old, without brand or mark. The owner or owners are desired to prove property, pay charges and take them away.
WILLIAM NUTT.
Oct. 14, 1778.
STOLEN, on the night of the 16th October, out of the pasture of the subscriber, living in Essex county near Elizabeth-Town, a black HORSE, about 9 or 10 years old, about 14 hands high, with a large star in his forehead, trots and canters, and is heavy built. Also a black MARE near the size of the horse, about 14 or 15 years old, some- what lame in one of her hind legs, trots and paces. Who- ever will secure the thief and horses, so that the thief be brought to justice, and the owner have his creatures, shall receive a reward of Eight Dollars for each, and Twenty for the thief, and all reasonable charges, paid by
JOHN ROSS, junior. 32
498 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTIOX.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of John Van Xeste, of Boundbrook, township of Bridgewater and county of Somerset, deceased, whether by bond, note or book debt, are requested to meet at the house of the Widow Yarnols at Boundbrook, on Monday the ninth day of November next, at 10 o'clock of said day, in order to settle their accounts. All those likewise who have any demands against said estate, are requested to meet at the same time and place, and bring in their accounts properly attested. AB. VAX XESTE, jun. | Admini-
Oct. 17, 1778. GEORGE BERGEX, ( strators.
BROKE into the pasture of the subscriber, living in Hardinstone, Sussex county, Xew-Jersey, the beginning of Sept. last, a small bay MARE, about 12 years old, has a white star in her forehead, branded H G on her right thigh, hath a shuffling pace. The owner proving his property may have her again, by applying to
JAMES SEWARD.
—New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 46,' Oct. 21, 1778.
An express, which arrived at noon from count Polaski, informs that the British squadron has left Egg Harbour. —Pennsylvania Evening Post, October 21, 1778.
THIRTY DOLLAES 'REWARD.
Strayed or Stolen from the subscriber, living in Glou- cester Township, West New-Jersey, on the sixteenth in- stant, (October) out of the pasture of Thomas Hampton, a bright sorrel Horse, about fourteen and a half hands high, trots and canters, three years old last May, has a bald face, his mane and tail almost white, the mane re- markably thin and lays on the right side, and has a wart on his near leg, just under his breast. Whoever brings the above described horse to Col. Josiah Hillman, at Little
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 499
Timber-Creek Bridge, shall be entitled to the above re- ward, and all reasonable charges, paid by
JOHN BLAKE — The Pennsylvania Packet, October 24, 1778.
PHILADELPHIA. We hear that the amiable and gallant col. Baylor, who was dangerously wounded some time ago at Tapan, in New Jersey, is in a likely way to recover. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, October 26, 1778.
New-York^ Oct. 26. Last Monday Morning, a large fleet Sailed from Sandy-Hook for England, under Convoy of the Leviathan, Captain Brown.
The Schooner Lord Howe, Capt. Ion, about 14 Days since, was drove out of Sandy-Hook, in a Gale of Wind, with only the Lieutenant and 11 Hands on Board, and a few Days after fell in with 4 Sail, of Frenchmen the largest of which a Pollacco mounted 16 Guns, who en- gaged the Schooner very smartly, but Mr. Colvill, who had the Command ranged up along side and gave three Cheers, when Monsieur thought proper to give up the Combat, and surrendered Prisoners. The Ship is called the Divine, was from Marseilles bound for Philadelphia. Her Cargo Brandy, Olives, Capers, Salt, &c. &c. The other Vessels got away by Reason Mr. Colvill, could not man, if he had taken them. There was 17 Frenchmen on board the Ship.
EXPEDITION TO EGG-HARBOUR.
About 3 Weeks ago a small Detachment of his Majesty's Ships, 2 Gallies, and 4 armed Vessels, under the Com- mand of Capt. Collins of the Zebra, having on Board 300 Men commanded by Captain Patrick Ferguson, sailed from hence for Egg-Harbour, where after surmounting some Difficuties in passing into the Harbour, they de- stroyed 11 Sail of Vessels, among which was a very fine Ship, the Venus of London, and others of considerable
500 NEW JERSEY IN THE If EVOLTTK >N.
Size. The Troops being landed, proceeded to destroy the Settlements and Store Houses of the Committee-Men and every Person notoriously concerned in the Pyratical Ves- sels, which have greatly annoyed the British Commerce from that Quarter. The Salt Works on the Bay were also effectually destroyed.
Intelligence being received of a detachment of 600 Rebels, consisting of Polaski's Legion, Proctor's Artillery, the Militia and Four Pieces of Cannon being posted with an Intention to oppose the Operations of his Majesty's Troops, it was determined to surprize them; 250 Men were accordingly landed on Mincock Island, and about 4 o'Clock in the Morning, led by Captain Ferguson, who hav- ing passed the Bridge undiscovered, presently surrounded 3 Houses, in which the infantry of Polaski's Legion was posted, these were instantly charged with Bayonets by the King's Troops, and 60 of them put to Death, amongst them were a Lieut. Colonel, two Captains, an Adjutant, and three or four more Officers ; the Loss sustained in this Attack was one Man killed, one wounded and two missing: about ten o'clock the same morning the Troops returned to their vessels, and after waiting a considerable Time for a favourable Wind, arrived here on Thursday last.
A Flag arrived here last Saturday l^ight with 150 British Prisoners from Elizabeth-Town, where they left about 400 more: They are from Philadelphia, where there has been a Gaol Delivery. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, October 26, 1778.
Mr. Collins, — Please to give the enclosed a place in your next Gazette,, and oblige a Customer,
TO the JERSEY FARMER.1
Sir:
I have seen your short publication of the third instant, which has convinced me fully that our constitution has been broken, and I believe, in more instances than you have mentioned. Has not a Chief Justice held a seat in
1 See page 461 ante.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 501
the legislative department, assisting in the making of laws, then sits in the administration of justice to execute those laws ? which, in my humble opinion is inconsistent with our excellent constitution, and as you say, ought to be like Caesar's wife, "free from all suspicion."
From whence have all the calamities of the civil war now carried on by Great Britain against these United States orignated, but from a breach of Magna Charta, by that purchased majority in the British Parliament, which you call Lord North's battalions with propriety, for all the reasoning of the greatest speakers has no effect on their venal, veteran, pensioned, purchased souls, which has really been the cause of Britain and America's being separated forever? Let us then guard against every the least innovation of our constitution, and not suffer it to be broken with impunity .
For virtue needeth no defence, Her surest guard is innocence. None knew 'til guilt created fear, What darts and poison' d arrows were.
You mentioned another important matter, which has given me a serious concern — the depreciation of our Continental Bills of Credit, which is daily growing worse and worse; and what is most shocking to me, is, that the Legislatures of the several states have, instead of passing laws to regulate the price of the produce and internal manufactures of these states, raised the salaries of the officers of government to five or six times as much as usual, and when asked why these extravagant salaries are given, their answer is, You don't consider the depreciation of our paper money. Is this not alarming that Legislatures should give a sanction to the depreciation of our Bills of Credit ? Such language may be expected from engrossers, forestallers, and purchasers of hard money at five or six for one, but from members of a legislative body it is shameful. — I have heard that some of our respectable
502 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION . j 1778
clergy have applied to their hearers to raise their salaries, in proportion to the depreciation or the present extortion of the times, call it which you please. I have heard of one compliance only of three for one for a year, which surprized me not a little ; for let me assure you, I ex- pected better things of the reverend clergy, — that they would have publicly exhorted their hearers against so de- structive a measure to the Independence of the United States. Call to mind the depreciation of the paper money in the New England colonies; it surely must be remem- bered by very many now living. How exceedingly was the conduct of those people condemned; and yet we in the present day are, if possible, doing worse ? I wish the Jer- sey Farmer (as he has told us we should hear from him occasionally) would give his sentiments, how we may se- cure our paper mon^y from a depreciation. I am only a common tradesman, and have said more than I intended, but most heartily unite with the Jersey Farmer, and most cordially hope the farmers and tradesmen united will be able to secure our constitution from any further violations, also, our bills, emitted on the best security in the world, from further depreciation.
A Tradesman of New-Jersey. Oct. 23, 1778.
Since our last General Count Pulaski and his Legion returned here1 from Egg Harbour, having driven the enemy on board their vessels, who are gone, it is supposed to Xew York.2
We hear that a few only of the enemy's troops remain on Staten Island, and those are commanded by Gen. Skin- ner. They have no provisions or stores of any kind, it is said, but what are drawn from !N". York.
1 Trenton.
2 For a complete account of this noteworthy incident see "The Affair at Egg Harbor," by the late William S. Stryker. The Society of the Cincin- nati in the State of New Jersey erected a memorial tablet, July 3d. 1894, on the field of the massacre.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 503
Returns of Members of the Legislature received since our last,
For MORRIS COUNTY,
Representative in Council, Silas Condict, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, Jacob Drake, David Thomson, and Abraham Ketchel, Esqrs.
For BERGEN- COUNTY.
Representative in Council, Robert Morris, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, Joost Beem, Peter Wil- son, and Isaac Blanch, Esqrs.
For ESSEX COUNTY,
Representative in Council, Abraham Clark, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, Caleb Camp, Jacob Brook- field, Isaac Woodruff, Esqrs.
Erratum: In the Return for Hunterdon, in our last, instead of Azariah read Nehemiah Dunham.
By His EXCELLENCY, WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, ESQUIRE.
Governor, Captain-General and Commander in Chief in and over the State of NEW JERSEY, and Territories thereunto belonging, Chancellor and Ordinary in the same.
PROCLAMATION.
Whereas the Honorable the Congress, on the twenty- second day of April last, did resolve that any man or
504 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
body of men who should presume to make any separate or partial convention or agreement with commissioners under the crown of Great Britain or any of them, ought to be considered and treated as open and avowed enemies of the United States; And whereas notwithstanding the said resolution the Commissioners of the King of Great Britain have sent into this State, under the sanction of a flag, certain seditious papers under the name and title of a Manifesto and Proclamation, to distribute through the United States with a view to stir up dissentions, animosi- ties and rebellions among the good people of the said States; And whereas such practices are contrary to the laws of the nations, and utterly subversive of the confi- dence necessary between belligerent powers for alleviating the horrors of war, and the agents therefore employed to distribute such papers are not entitled to protection from a flag while engaged in the prosecution of such nefarious purposes ; And whereas the Congress, by their resolution of the sixteenth day of. October instant, have recommended it to the executive powers of the United States to take up and secure in safe and close custody all and every person and persons, who, under the sanction of a flag or otherwise, may be concerned or engaged in the purposes aforesaid: I have therefore thought fit to issue this Proclamation, hereby strictly charging and commanding all the militia officers of this State, and all others whom it may concern, to take up and secure in safe and close custody all and every person and persons, who, under the sanction of a flag or otherwise, shall in future be con- cerned or engaged in distributing any seditious papers in this State, under whatever title or denomination, calcu- lated to excite dissentions, animosities, and rebellions among the good people of the United States, and forth- with to certify to me, or to the Governor or Commander in Chief of this state for the time being, their proceedings in the premises.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 505
Given under my hand and seal at arms, at Elizabeth- town, the twenty-first day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and seventy -eight.
WIL,. LIVINGSTON.
By his Excellency's command. Wm. Livingston, jun. Secry.
The Morris County POSTS take this opportunity to acquaint those of their employers that live above Bridge- water. That their equivalent part of their salary amounts to seventeen shillings and six-pence per paper by the year,
Daniel and Stephen Burnet.
EOD and SHEET IRON,
Of all sizes, to be sold by
SAMUEL OGDEN.
At Booneton, in Morris County, New Jersey.1
EDWARD BROOKS, JUN.
At the sign of the Hat and Raccon, in Bordentown, will give the highest price in hard cash or any kind of paper currency for all kinds of good FURS. — He hath now finished, and ready for sale, Castor and Wool HATS. He hath likewise for sale the following articles of MER- CHANDIZE, the greatest part of which will be disposed of on as low terms as can be purchased in the city of Phila- delphia, viz:
1 The Booneton property, about the middle of the eighteenth century, passed into the hands of David Ogden, of Newark, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, and father of Samuel Ogden. Samuel, in defiance of an act of Parliament, conducted, secretly, a rolling and slitting mill. David Ogden's property was confiscated, on account of his strong Tory affilia- tions, the son, Samuel, securing the estate by reason of his being an active and ardent Whig. See "History of Morris County, New Jersey." New York : W. W. Munsell & Co. 1882.
500
XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION.
[1778
Best German ticklenburg,1 ozna- brigs, dorolas,2 and Hessians cloths, naps and frizes of vari- colours,
Shaloons,3
Corderoys or ribb'd velvets,
Buttons and mohair,
Sewing silks, coarse and fine thread.
Check and white linen,
Cambrick and lawn,
Book muslin,
Black pelongs & pcrsians
White ditto.
Whalebone,
Black and Blue mooreens,4
French beaver hats,
Silk handkerchiefs,
Check and stamped ditto,
Cotton romalls,
Ditto very fine, ^
Best American made writing pa- per, pasteboards, goose quills, slates and slate pencils,
Packet and pound pins,
Needles,
Best inkpowder,
Silver plated spurs,
Pinckpeck5 shoe and knee Buckles, silver plated ditto, of various patterns, children's ditto.
Ivory and horn combs,
Crooked ditto
Good West-India rum, common ditto, melasses ofexcellent qual- ity, by the barrel or gallon,
Cyder spirits.
Muscovado sugar
Good bohea tea, by the dozen or single pound,
Coffee, by large or small quantity.
Chocolate, rice, ginger, pepper, all- spice, nutmegs and cinnamon,
Indigo, copperas, allum, redwood, logwood,
Brimstone,
Hard soap
Powder and shot
Gun flints and worms,
Imported lOd and 20d NAILS, by the cask, or smaller quanity,
Frying pans,
Cutteau and penknives,
Children's ditto,
Scissors & knitting needles,
Tapes and bobbin
Sleeve buttons set in silver,
Glass ditto set in pewter,
Spelling books & primers,
Bed cords, bedding lines and halters,
Quart glass bottles,
A quantity of country made earthen ware,
A few queen's ware teapots and cream cups,
New-Jersey made men's & wo- men's leather shoes.
1 A coarse, mixed linen fabric, used for clothing of slaves.
2 A coarse kind of linen.
3 A slight woolen stuff.
4 A thick woolen fabric, watered or with embossed figures, used by up- holsterers.
5 Pinchbeck, an alloy of copper and zinc, resembling gold, and much used in the manufacture of cheap jewelry.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 507
CONTINENTAL SALT.1
WHOLESALE OR RETAIL. TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS REWARD.
A ROBBERY.
Between the hours of eleven and twelve in the evening of Monday the 19th instant, four villains armed with pistols and swords came to the house of the subscriber, in the western precinct of the county of Somerset, three of whom entered while the fourth stood in the door: They took and carried off 7 silver tablespoons, six of which
I
were marked H. K, and the seventh E. T. B ; a pair of silver shoe buckles marked C. T B ; 12 or 14 pair of woollen stocking's, two pair of woollen-gloves, and a half worn castor hat, besides between fifteen and twenty pounds in money, among which was a twenty dollar bill of the emission of April, 1778. Two of the robbers were of stature rather under the middle size, the one a pert, forward impudent fellow, seemed to be much addicted to swearing, and was dressed in a close-bodied coat a dark colour, a red jacket and white breeches: the other more reserved and silent, and was dressed in a brown greatcoat which concealed the rest of his clothes except part of his breeches, which appeared to be white: of the other two, one was a middle stature and had on a brown great>coat and white breeches, and the other rather above middle stature and dressed in a blanket coat, the stripes running cross-wise, no other part of his clothing was noticed. They all had handkerchiefs tied about their heads, and appeared to be young men. Forty Dollars
1 Salt made under direction of Congress, works being set up along the seacoast of New Jersey.
508 .\K\V JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
reward will be given by the subscriber for the goods, and in proportion for any part of them, and Forty Dollars for each or any one of the felons, to be paid immediately on his being convicted.
Cornelius Ten Broeck. Oct. 23, 1778.
To be sold by the subscriber, living in Lower Penn's Neck, Salem County, A Plantation whereon Duncan Saunders now dwells, joining lands of William Miller Esq. and William Bedal, in Upper Penn's Neck in the county aforesaid : containing 112 acres, whereon is erected a log dwelling-house, with an orchard and some fine meadow ground, and more may be easily made, with two fields of upland ground cleared, the remainder all well timbered, and lies ^.bout two miles and an half from the river, and is fronting the main road through Penn's Neck, and is well watered. For further particulars apply to
Thomas Thackry,1 Lower Penn's Neck, Salem county.
Oct. 17, 1778.
Came to tlie plantation of Albert Voorheese, in Sour- land, Hillsborough township, Somerset county, on the 18th instant, October, a black Horse, about 14 hands high, trots well and paces a little, no mark or brand, has a star in his forehead, and is galled with the saddle on the near side. The owner is desired to come, prove his property, pay charges and take tim away.
ROCK SALT, of the best quality,
TO BE SOLD by John Thompson, at Bottle-Hill, near Morris-Town, Oct. 26, 1778.
1 A descendant of Thomas Thackara. original emigrant and settler in Newton township (old Gloucester county).
177S] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 509
FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Taken or stolen out of the pasture of the subscriber, the 8th instant at night, a black Mare, three years old, 14 and an half hands high, trots all, white forehead down to her nose, branded with T c on her left shoulder. Who- ever takes up said mare, and secures her so that the owner can have her again shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable charges paid by the subscriber, living at Newark mountain, Essex county, state of New Jersey.
THOMAS CADMUS.
Oct. 12, 1778.
FORTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Stolen from the subscriber, in Amwell, on Friday night the 2nd of October, a dun MARE, 14 years old, trots and paces, has a white mane and tail, and is not shod. Any person securing said mare, so that the owner may get her again, shall receive Twenty Dollars, and the above reward for the mare and thief, and all reasonable charges, paid by
ELIZABETH SEVEN.
Oct. 4, 1778.
STOLEN from the subscriber, near Pluckemin, Somerset county, township of Bedminister, the 27th of September last, a brown MARE, near 14 and an half hands high, four years old, dim sighted in her left eye, has a star in her forehead, her left hind foot-lock white, has a hard lump upon the outside of her left fore leg below the knee, mostly inclining to pace. Whoever secures said mare, so that the owner may have her again, shall have Thirty Dollars reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by
COR. POWELSON.
510 NEW JERSEY IIST THE "REVOLUTION". [1778
FOUR DOLLARS REWARD.
STEAYED or stolen, on the 25th inst, from the subscriber in Trenton, a dark bay HOUSE eight years old. about 16 hands high, has a bob tail and mane hog'd, branded c A. on the near buttock, trots and gallops : Also a bay HORSE, about 14 hands high, 10 years old, branded on the off buttock M. has a switch tail and newly shod all round, paces commonly. Whoever takes up said horses, and de- livers them to the owner shall receive the above reward, or Two Dollars for either, and reasonable charges, paid by
JOHN JAMES.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen, from the subscriber at TRENTON, about a fortnight ago, a little bay MARE, has her mane cut short, long tail, three years old. Whoever takes up said mare, and secures her so that the owner may get her again, shall have the above reward, and reasonable charges, paid by
WILLIAM CANNON.
Trenton, Oct. 27, 1778.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber, on or about the first day of this inst. October, a redish cow with a white face, and a crop on the near ear and a hole through it, Any person coming and proving his property and paying charges, by applying to the subscriber, may have her again.
DAVID HENDRICKSON.
Crosswicks, Oct 21, 1778.
THE Commissioners of the several counties of this state for purchasing clothing for the Jersey brigade are re- quested to bring in immediately such articles as they have
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 511
collected, to the subscriber, at Princeton, the Council and Assembly having empowered him to receive the same.
ENOS KELSEY.1
FIFTY DOLLAKS EEWAKD.
on the evening of the 7th inst. from Trenton ferry, a likely MULATTO slave, named Sarah, but since calls herself Rachael; she took her son with her, a Mulatto boy named Bob, about six years old, has a re- markable fair complexion, with flaxen hair : She is a lusty wench, about 34 years old, big with child; had on a striped linsey petticoat, linen jacket, flat shoes, a large white cloth cloak, and a blanket, but may change her dress, as she has other cloaths with her. She was lately appre- hended in the first Maryland regiment, where she pretends to have a husband, with whom she has been the principal part of this campaign, and passed herself as a free woman. Whoever apprehends said woman and boy, and will secure them in any gaol, so that their master may get them again, shall receive the above reward, by applying to Mr. Blair M'Clenachan, of Philadelphia, Capt. Benjamin Brooks, of the third Maryland regiment, at camp, or to Mr. James Sterret, in Baltimore.
MORDECAI GIST.
Oct. 18, 1778.
TO BE SOLD AT PUBLICK VEKDUE
On the premises, at Canno-Brook, in the county of Essex, nine miles from Newark, and about the same dis- tance from Elizabeth-town,
1 Second Major, Second Battalion, Somerset ; Major, Colonel Thompson's Battalion Detached Militia, July 18th, 1776 ; Major, Colonel Chambers' Battalion State Troops, November 27th, 1776. Resigned June 10th, 1779. to accept office as State Clothier.
512 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
SIX LOTS of LAND,
of 100 acres each. The sale to begin at eleven o'clock in the morning on Monday, the 2nd of November next, when the conditions of sale will be made known. A warrantee deed will be given for the lands. Any person inclining to view the premises, by applying to Mr. Matthew Lewis, who lives joining, will be shewn the same. Oct. 17, 1778.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of John Van JSTeste, of Boundbrook, township of Bridgewater and county of Somerset, deceased, whether by bond, note or book debt, are requested to meet at the house of the Widow Varnols at Boundbrook, o^ Monday the ninth day of November next, at 10 o'clock of said day, in order to settle their accounts. All those likewise who have any demands against said estate, are requested to meet at the same time and place, and bring their accounts properly attested.
AB. VAN NESTE ) . ,
> Administrators
GEORGE BERGEN j
Oct. 17, 1778.
STOLEN, on the night of the 16th October, out of the pasture of the subscriber, living in Essex county near Elizabethtown, a black HORSE, about 9 or 10 years old, about 14 hands high, with a large star in his forehead, trots and canters, and is heavy built Also a black MARE near the size of the horse, about 14 or 15 years old, some- what lame in one of her hind legs, trots and paces. Who- ever will secure the thief and horses, so that the thief be brought to justice, and the owner have his creatures, shall have a reward of Eight Dollars for each, and Twenty for thief, and all reasonable charges paid by
JOHN ROSS, junior.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 513
-THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or STOLEN out of the pasture of Ezekiel Ball, in the township of Newark, a bay HORSE, about 15 hands high, with a black mane and tail, a large star in his fore- head, and one of his hind legs white, branded RK. on his near buttock, is a natural trotter, and little ewe neck'd. Whoever will apprehend the thief and horse shall have the above reward and reasonable charges, or Twenty Dol- lars for the horse alone, from me
JACOB FOSTER
July 24, 1778
~N. B. He formerly belonged to Mr. Smith Richard.
CAME to the plantation where Isaac Furman now lives, near ISTew Brunswick, a black HORSE, abou,t thirteen and a half hands high, branded on the shoulder PB. and on the near thigh ic : and has a short switch tail. The owner, by proving his property, and paying charges, may have him again.
June 4th, 1778.
STOLEN out of the pasture of Zebulon Heston, on the night of the 28th of July, a brown HORSE, about fourteen hands and an half high, five years old past, trots, paces and canters well, branded on the off side under his mane Z, a little white on each side of his hind heels. Whoever se- cures said horse, so that the owner may get him again, shall be entitled to the reward of Twenty Dollars and reasonable charges, and an addition of Twenty Dollars, for the thief, if convicted thereof, paid by me John Coryell, at Coryell's Ferry.
July 29, 1778.
-NEW-JERSEY GAZETTE, Vol. 1, ~No. 47, October 28, 1778.
33
.")14 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [177s
New- York, November 2. Friday last Capt Wedham ar- rived here from Providence: Last Sunday Week he was chased by a Schooner Privateer, from Egg-Harbour, as far to the Eastward as Martha's Vineyard.
His Excellency WILLIAM FRANKLIN, Esq. arrived here last Night from Connecticut, where he has been a Prisoner more than two Years. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, November '2, 1778.
On Wednesday the eleventh instant, will be sold at May's Landing, at the Head of Great Egg-harbour River, the following Vessels, viz.
Brig Recovery and Cargo, (from London) consisting of a small but general assortment of dry goods, china glass and Queens ware, beef, porter, pork, bar-iron, and a quantity of cordage, with two eleven-inch cables. The sloop George and her cargo, consisting of sixty or seventy hogs- heads of St Kitts rum. The schooner Caroline and Han- nah. The sloop Commerce and her cargo of tobacco, being about seventy hogsheads. And the sloop Lark, per inven- tory.
JOHN STOKES, Marshal. —The Pennsylvania Packet, November 3, 1778.
"While your fleet lay last winter in the Delaware, I offered my service to the Pennsylvania Navy Board, then at Trenton, as one who would make a party with them, or any four or five gentlemen, on an expedition down the river to set fire to it; and though it was not then accepted, nor the thing personally attempted, it is more than probable that your own . folly will prove a much heavier stroke in some more vulnerable part." "Your expedition to Egg Harbour will be felt at a dis- tance like an attack upon a hen-roost and 'expose you in- Europe with a sort of childish phrensy" "Your
retreat from Philadelphia was only a timely escape."
1 These selections are from Xo. 6 of the Crisis, which Is printed in full in the Gazette. Therein "Common Sense" Tom Paine addresses himself to the British Peace Commissioners. This number of the Crisis is dated Philadelphia, October 20th, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 515
TRENTON, NOVEMBER 4,
Returns of Members of the Legislature received since our last.
FOR SALEM COUNTY. Representatives in Council, An- drew Sinnickson, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, Allen Congleton, jun. Whitten Crips, Esqrs. An order is issued for electing the third Member for this county, the two highest on the poll next to the above Gentlemen, having an equal number of votes.
FOR CAPE-MAY COUNTY. Representatives in Council, Jonathan Jenkins, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, Jeremiah Eldridge, John Hand, Richard Townsend, Esqrs.
FOR SUSSEX COUNTY. Representative in Council, Robert Ogden, Esq. Representatives in Assembly, Jacob M'Cul- lum, Casper Shaffer, Benj. M'Cullough, Esqrs.
His Excellency WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, Esq. was, on Sat- urday last, re-appointed Governor of this state, for the en- suing year.
The Hon. JOHN STEVENS, Esq. is chosen Vice President of the Legislative Council ; and the Hon. JOHN HART, Esq. speaker of the House of Assembly, and President of the Joint-Meeting of both Houses, for the ensuing year.
In the HOUSE of ASSEMBLY of the Stale of NEW-JERSEY, at Trenton, November 3, 1778.
Ordered,
THAT the several Paymasters appointed in, or by virtue of, an act, intitled, An Act for the speedy and effectual re- cruiting the four New Jersey regiments in the service of the United States, passed the third day of April last, who have not already exhibited their accounts, do immediately send in the same; and that the Colonels or commanding officers of the respective regiments who have not yet made their returns, do also forthwith transmit accounts of the time of enlistment of the recruits raised in their several
516 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. | 1778
regiments, and other particulars of their proceedings, agree- ably to the 25th section of said act, in order that measures may be taken to discharge any arrears of subsistence, mile- age or wages due to any of the said recruits before they joined their respective regiments.
Extract from, the journals.
JOSEPH BLOOMFIELD, Clk. of Assembly.
Saturday last General Count Pulaski with his legion, marched from this place for Sussex Court House in this State.
Last week Col. Baylors cavalry, who were made pris- oners by the enemy at Old Tappan, and taken to Xc\v York, were all exchanged, some of whom arrived here on Sunday last.
THIS is to give IJOTICE to the delinquents belonging to the lower or first regiment of militia in the county of Hun- terdon and state of New Jersey, That, pursuant to the di- rections in an act of General Assembly, passed the llth of April, 1778, a Court of Appeal, consisting to two magis- trates and one field-officer, to wit, Renssalear Williams and Jared Sexton, Esqrs. and Lieut Col. Houghton,1 will sit at Pennington, at the house of Thomas Bulman, on Thursday, the 12th day of this instant at 10 o'clock, A. M., to hear and determine all such appeals as may be then and there made by said delinquents respecting the excessive fines (if any) imposed upon them for remissness in duty as militia. The Captains or commanding officers of com- panies to whom any delinquents of appellants belong, will please attend the said court at the time and place above specified,
JOS. PHILIPS, Col.2
Nov. 3, 1778.
1 Joab Houghton, Captain, First Regiment. Hunterdon ; Lieutenant- Colonel of the same, March 15th. 1777 ; Lieutenant-Colonel, Colonel John Taylor's Regiment, State Troops. October 9th, 1779.
2 Major, Colonel Hunt's Battalion, "Heard's Brigade," June 14th. 1776 ; Lieutenant-Colonel, Colonel Johnston's Battalion, of the same, August 1st, 1776; Colonel of the same, September 20th, 1776; First Major. First Regiment, Hunterdon ; Colonel of the same, March 15th, 1777.
177S] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 517
*
ALT. those men who have deserted from General Count Pulaski's legion, and will deliver themselves up at the General's quarters at Sussex Court-house, in New-Jersey, on or before the 19th day of November instant, shall have the General's free pardon — And those who do not return by that time, shall if caught, be punished as a general court-martial shall direct, agreeable to the articles of war.
CHEVALIER DE KOWATS,
Col. Command, of the American legion. Nov. 1, 1778.
STRAYED or stolen from a fence near Mr. Pott's bark frouse1 in Trenton, on the 28th, of October last, two dra- goon HORSES, belonging to General Pulaski's legion, both branded I. L. one a dark sorrel, the other a dark brown, each has a blaze face. Whoever delivers them to Major Gordon,2 D. Q. G. M. in Trenton, shall be handsomely rewarded, and all reasonable charges paid by,-
CHEVALIER DE KOWATS,
Col. Command, of the American legion.
EIGHT DOLLARS REWARD.
WAS LOST, on the 12th day of this instant, in the after- noon, on the road between Allentown and Crosswicks, a double Leather Pocket-Book with a steel clasp, containing a number of valuable writings, such as notes of hand, loan office certificates and accounts ; which would be of no use to any person beside the owner, with about nine dollars in money. Whoever finds the same, and will leave it with the Printer of this paper, or send it to the owner at Cross- wicks, shall have the above reward, paid by,
GABRIEL ALLEN.
Sept. 13.
1 The tanyard of Stacy Potts, lying near Warren street, on' the banks of Petty's run.
- Peter Gordon. Captain, First Regiment. Hunterdon ; Captain, Colonel Forman's Battalion. "Heard's Brigade," June 14th. 1776; Brigade-Major of the same. July 25th, 1770.
518 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. I 1778
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Was stolen the 17th of October last, from the subscriter in Turkey, Essex county, New-Jersey, a dark iron-grey MARE, about 14 hands high, a natural trotter, branded on each shoulder with the shape of a heart, and on the riirht side of her neck she had a white spot about the bigness of a dollar. Whoever takes up the mare and thief shall have for either of them Fifteen Dollars, and all reasonable charges, paid by me.
JOHN PRYER.
TE¥ DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber's stone-ware Pot- ting Manufactory 1 at Trenton, about the beginning of October last, a brown horse, about 14 hands high, seven or eight years old, marked on the near hip I E. has a little white on his off hind foot, and a small star in his forehead ; trots and canters well. Whoever takes up said horse, and brings him to tjie subscriber at the above works, or to Mr. Samuel Henry, in Trenton, shall be paid the above reward and all reasonable charges,
BERNARD HANLEN.
Nov. 3, 1Y78.
1 The existence of this pottery has been totally neglected by every con- tributor to the published histories of the city of Trenton or by those who have recorded the progress of the potters' art in America. Bernard Hanlon resided in the portion of Trenton later known as Millham. and now a part of the city. His grist mill was located upon the Assanpink creek, near his home. This is now the center of the pottery interests of Trenton, and it is probable that the pottery was located near the grist mill. Until the discovery of the advertisement, it has been assumed that the first pottery in Trenton was that established by McCully, near the site Of the present Battle Monument.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 519
STRAYED or stolen from near Elizabeth-Town, on Sun- day night the 25th of October, a brown MARE, about 14 hands high, half-blooded, very straight limb'd, a natural trotter, and thin of flesh: Whoever takes up the mare so that the subscriber gets her, and the thief is secured, shall have Forty Dollars reward, Twenty for the thief and Twenty for the mare, with reasonable charges, paid by DANIEL HUNT, in Maidenhead.
STEPHENSON and COMPANY, Have for sale at their store, opposite Capt Peter Dickerson's in Morris- town, A GOOD assortment suitable for the ensuing sea- son; such as, Coarse Cloth, shoes, salt, flour by the barrels, tea, sugar, pepper, coffee, shot of the best kind, Irish linens, cotton checks, linen ditto, callicoes, pelongs, sewing silk, fine thread by the pound or smaller, Scotch snuff in bladders, Irish sheeting, whisky and apple spirits by the barrel or gallon, powder, table linens, buck- ram, China ware of the best sort, best plated buttons, silk twist, basket buttons, lawn, muslin, cambrick, gauze, silk and pocket handkerchiefs, hatters trimmings, such as bow strings, round looping buttons, loops, buttons of the best kind, flat silk looping ; hollow wares of all kind, one brass kettle that holds 36 gallons, which they will sell on the lowest terms Cash or Country Produce.
N. B. They take York money.1
New Jersey, A T an Inferior Common Pleas, held
Essex County, 1\. for the county of Essex on the
15th day of September last, were
returned Inquisitions for joining the army of the King of Great-Britain, and other treasonable practices, found against Francis Batey, Nicholas Garrabrant, John White, William Brooks, James Colvin, Cornelius Brooks, Thomas Aston, Garret Jacoubuse, Isaac Kingsland, Henry Stager, and Samuel Harrison; of which proclamation was made
1 Paper bills Issued by the authority of the State of New York.
.~.lM> AKW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
at said court, that if they, or any on their behalf, or any persons interested would appear and traverse, a trial should be awarded ; but no traverses were offered ; There- fore notice is hereby given that if neither they nor any on their behalf, nor any interested shall appear and trav- erse at the next court to be held for the said county, the Inquisitions will then be taken to be true, and final judg- ment entered thereon in favour of the State.
Joseph Hedden, jun ^ Com- Samuel Hays, and Vmissi- Thomas Canfield. J oners.
TO be SOLD BY THE SUBSCRIBER,
A small FARM, containing between 40 and 50 acres, situ- ated half way between Morristown and Chatham, on a very public road, nearly opposite Mr. Stephen Case's cyder mill ; it has on it a good house with three rooms cieled, and an entry on the lower floor, a small building adjoining with a cellar under it, and one under the house; a barn and new bark house, a pond that is never dry, in the same lot ; a spring of good water near the house, an orchard that affords 70 or 80 barrels of cyder, a garden paled in, Eng- lish and red cherries, peaches and plums ; some wood-land and meadow. The purchaser by paying one half the money, and good security for the rest, shall have an indis- putable title from
JAMES TOMPSON,
Who has found a saddle with the skirts cut off, supposed to be stolen. Any person proving property and paying charges, shall have it again.
TO BE SOLD.
A Healthy NEGRO BOY, nine years old, slim built but very active. Enquire of the Printer.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 521
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber, in Chesterfield township", Burlington county, about the first of September last, a middling sized brindle Cow, has a halfpenny mark on the side of each ear. She is supposed to have strayed from the enemy on their way thro' this State, and probably belongs to some person residing between Philadelphia and Mount-Holly. The owner is desired to prove his property, pay charges and take her away, otherwise she will be sold.
ANTHONY TAYLOR.
October 29, 1778.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber, the 7th of October, a brown cow, with a white face, has a crop on the left ear and a slit in the right. The owner is desired to prove property, pay charges, and take her away.
JOHN SIMSON. New-Germantown, Hunterdon County.
WAS found trespassing in the field of the subscriber a few weeks past, two small horses, one a black, the other a bay with a star in his forehead. The owner is desired to appear, pay charges and take them away.
ANDREW JOHNSON.
Maidenhead, Nov. 3d, 1778.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of Timothy Ross, late of Piscataway, deceased, are desired to come and settle their accounts without further notice ; and all those that have any demands against said estate, to bring their ac- counts and have them settled, by Thomas Fitz Randolph, Administrator.
ROBERT HURT,
Has for SALE at his STORE in Elizabeth-Town, GOOD spirits, rum, and whiskey, by the gallon, tea, sugar, choco- late, alspice, pepper, indigo, red-wood, log-wood, and allum, brimstone, tobacco, snuff; salt by the bushel or less quan-
522 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
tity, coatings and velvet, worsted stockings, plated shoe buckles, and brass ditto, best needles and pins, jack knives ; also writing paper and ink powder.
STRAYED or stolen out of the pasture of the subscriber, the 22d of October last, a bay MARE, about 10 years old, about 14 hands one inch high, and with foal. The said mare formerly belonged to James Parker, Esq. — Who- ever takes up said mare, and gives the subscriber notice, shall receive Fifteen Dollars reward, and all reasonable charges.
PETER SCHENK.
Millstone, Nov. 2.
TO BE SOLD BY THE SUBSCRIBER, I
in MOUNT- HOLLY,
A stout healthy Negro Boy, about seven years old. Has had the small-pox and measles, and is warranted sound.
JOHN JONES.
BROKE into, the pasture of the subscriber, living in Hardinstone, Sussex county, New Jersey, the beginning of Sept last, a small bay MARE, about 12 years old, has a white star in her forehead, branded H G. on her right thigh, hath a shuffling pace. The owner proving his property may have her again, by applying to
JAMES SEWARD.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber at the Draw- bridge between Trenton and Bordentown, an old baV Horse with a bald face, about 13 and a half hands high, his off hind foot white, Also a small brown Horse 8 or 9 years old, without brand or mark. The owner or owners are desired to prove property, pay charges and take them away.
WILLIAM NUTT.
Oct. 14, 1778.
177SJ NEWSPAPEK EXTRACTS.
JOHN POPE,
Has for SALE, at his store in Mansfield, and county of Burlington, Jamaica spirit, Bohea tea, coffee, loaf sugar, pepper; beaver hats; allum, copperas, camphor, rhubarb; an assortment of cotton and linen handkerchiefs ; and a quantity of foreign and continental SALT. — New-Jer.sey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 48, November 4, 1778.
Philadelphia, October 20, 1778. To be SOLD at Public V 'endue,
On Friday the 6th day of November at Col. Westcoat's at the forks of Little Egg-Harbour, Thirteen sails, twenty- six coils of running rigging and sundry other articles too tedious to mention, belonging to the brig Industry. At- tendance will be given by
LUDWIG KUHN & Co. — The Pennsylvania Packet, November 5, 1778.
All persons indebted to the estate of SETH WHILLD- ING, of Cumberland county, New-Jersey, deceased, are desired to come and pay their respective debts; and all who have any demand against said estate, by bond or note are desired to bring the same immediately to the subscriber, living in Cape May county.
MATTHEW WHILLDING, Administrator. — The Pennsylvania Packet, November 7, 1778.
New- York, November 9. On Tuesday Night a Party from Elizabeth-Town landed on Staten-Island, and car- ried off Mr. Bonnell, Barrack Master, at that Place, but he was sent back on his Parole Yesterday. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, November 9, 1778.
,">1;4 NEW JERSEY IJST THE REVOLUTION. [1778
TRENTON, November 4.
His Excellency WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, Esq., was, on Saturday last, re-appointed Governor of this State, for the ensuing year.
The Hon. JOHN STEVENS, Esq; is chosen Vice President of the Legislative Council and the Honourable JOHN HAKT, Esq ; Speaker of the House of Assembly, and President of the joint meeting of both Houses, for the ensuing year. — The Pennsylvania Packet November 10, 1778.
CAME to the subscriber, living near the meeting-house, at Elizabethtown, Rahway, a brown horse, eight or nine years 'old, with a saddle and bridle, a natural pacer, with some white on his near hind foot, about fourteen hands and an half high. The owner is desired to prove property, pay charges and take him away.
AMOS MORSS, JUn.
Nov. 2, 1778.
TAKEN up as strays, in the neighbourhood of Princeton, two old bay Horses. The owners are desired to come without delay, prove their property and pay expences, or they will be sold in a fortnight from this date. Apply to Thomas Moody, merchant, in Princeton, Nov. 11, 1778.
NEW YORK, Oct. 26.
Last Monday morning, a large fleet sailed from Sandy Hook for England, under convoy of the Leviathan, Capt. Brown, in which went passengers his grace, the Duke of Ancaster, and General Sir Robert Pigot.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 525
TRENTON, NOVEMBER 11.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at camp at Quacker- Ull, dated Oct. 27, 1778.
We hear that on Tuesday sennight 120 sail of British vessels of war, and transports full of soldiers, sailed from Sandy-Hook, supposed to be bound to the West Indies; that all the new levies are on board, except Boskirk's1 regiment : — that those who remain on Staten-Island, under Gen. Skinner, are posted at Watsons ferry, and the Water- ing-place:— and that Mr. Galloway2 has lately sailed for England.
Extract of a letter from a gentleman at Camp at Quaker- Ull, dated Nov. 2, 1778.
On Tuesday, third instant, Captain Marriner, of Bruns- wick, with seven men belonging to Lord Stirling's divi- sion, landed from the Jersey shore at New-TJtreght, on Long-island, and brought off Simon and Jaques Cortelyou, two famous tories in the enemy's lines, and in specie and other property to the amount of 5000 dollars. The two prisoners are on parole at New Brunswick, and to be exchanged for two citizens of this State in captivity with the enemy.
Married, the 14th ult. ELISHA BOUDINOT, Esq,3 Coun- sellor at Law to Miss KATY SMITH, daughter of PEARTREE SMITH, Esq. a Lady possessed of every qualification nec- essary to render the connubial state happy.
1 Van Boskirk.
2 Joseph Galloway.
3 Elisha Boudlnot, of Newark, New Jersey, was a brother of Elias Boudi- not. LL.D., the distinguished statesman and philanthropist. Elisha was a man of great intellectual power and of very zealous patriotism during the Revolutionary war. He held the office of Justice of the Supreme Court of New Jersey for many years. — Mms. of the late William 8. Strykcr.
526 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
The following character would have been inserted earlier, had it not been mislaid.
"To the unspeakable grief of a mourning wife, and the great loss of four desirable children, died of an odematous tumour, in the morning of the 26th of August last, at Springfield, in the borough of Elizabeth, in the 48th year of his age, Doctor JONATHAN DAYTON/ who had practiced physick with great care, success and reputation of the space of 24 years, in that place and parts adjacent: and his remains were the next day decently interred in the burying-ground in the place, and a suitable sermon, from Mark 13, 37 was preached upon the occasion, by the Rev. James Caldwell.2
"He was eminent in his profession: warmly attached to the cause of his country : and shined as an husband, a father, a neighbour and a friend. In a word, his worth was best known to, and the loss sustained by his death most sensibly felt by his friends, and those among whom he practiced."
"On the 27th of October last departed this life, at West- field, in Essex county, the amiable consort3 of Doctor PHILEMON ELMER, in the 23d year of her age, the only child of Mr. Ephraim Marsh. The day following, her funeral was attended by a number of ministers, a train of mourners, and a large concourse of people. Upon which
1 Dr. Jonathan Dayton, not to be confounded with Dr. Jonathan I. Day- ton, also a medical practitioner of Elizabeth, was descended from Ralph Dayton, progenitor of the line in New Haven Colony and Long Island. Dr. Dayton was born in 1731, entered into the practice of his profession in that part of Elizabeth known as Springfield, and was one of the signers, in 1766, of the "Instruments of Association" of the New Jersey State Medical Society. When the British burned Elizabeth, in 1780, the Dayton house was one of the few saved, largely through the strategy of Dr. Day- ton's widow, Keturah, who died November llth, 1798, aged sixty-three. Of the four children, there were Doctor William W. Dayton, who died March 5th, 1788, aged twenty-four years.
- For sketch of this eminent patriot see ~Kew Jersey Archives, 2d Series, Vol. I., p. 147.
3 Mary Marsh, by whom Dr. Elmer had two children. Sally married Dr. Ephraim Loring, Surgeon's Matfe in the Revolution. Dr. Loring practiced in the vicinity of New Providence. Polly married Dr. Joseph Quimby, of Westfield. Dr. Elmer was thrice married.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 527
occasion a very pertinent and instructive discourse was delivered by the Rev. James Caldwell, from Isaiah. -iO ; 5, 6, 7 and 8th verses. She was a dutiful child; an affectionate and agreeable wife; of a sweet temper and disposition; the darling of her relations; beloved and admired by her acquaintance; hospitable to the poor; compassionate to the distressed; a pattern of modesty and worthy of imitation in her mien and deportment; an honour to her sex and all in connexion with her ; has left two babes, a disconsolate husband and afflicted parents to bewail the loss which they have sustained by her death."
Sunday last about 50 British seamen, who had been taken on board different vessels at sea some time since, were marched thro' this place,1 on their way to Elizabeth- Town to be exchanged.
ME. COLLINS,
You may, if you please, insert the following repartee; which I think contains a great deal of delicate and gen- uine wit.
BONMOT.
A British officer in New York being in company with a lady whose sentiments were favourable to the cause of liberty, was making some severe remarks upon the American troops. However, Madam, said he. I think you have a Howe and a Clinton in your army. "We have, Sir," replied the lady, — "but you have not a Washington in yours."
1 Trenton.
528 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
WANTED,
A quantity of well comb'd HOGS BRISTLES,
For which a good price will be given by Moore Fur- man, Esq. in Pittsrtown: John Den ton, merchant in Princeton; Mr. Benjamin Smith, saddler in Trenton, and Mr. John Linton, near the Falls Meeting-house 'in Bucks county.
TO be sold at publick vendue, on SATURDAY, the 14th inst. a number of CAST HORSES. Sale to begin at ten
O'clock. PETER GORDON, Q. M.
Trenton, Nov. l(f, 1778.
ON SATURDAY next, the 14th of November inst. at twelve o'clock, at the vendue-store in Trenton,
WILL BEGIN the SALE
of a small assortment of
MERCHANDIZE;
Also a quantity of deer-skin breeches; several barrels of brown sugar. — Likewise some valuable
HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE;
Among which are,
Walnut dining and tea-tables, some chairs, elegant gilt frames and plain pictures, a chest of drawers, dough-
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 529
trough, iron and brass kettles, and many other articles. — Likewise a good MILCH cow.
FRANCIS WITT,1 JACOB BENJAMIN.
1ST. B. They give the highest price for Old Pewter.
NOTICE is hereby given, That there has been inquisi- tions found and returned to the last Court of Common Pleas, according to an Act of Assembly of this State, against William Bayard, Daniel Smith, Michael Moore, Lawrence Vanhorn, Derick Vreeland, Garrit Lydaker, Cornelius Buskerk, Joost Earl, Edward Earl, Abraham Buskerk, William Vanallen, Cornelius Vanhorn, John Spear, Alburt Zabrisco, Henry Maish, John Allenton, John Ackerson, David Peke, Samuel Peke, John Pershel, John Rickerman, Thunis Blawvelt, David Blawvelt, Abraham C. Herring, Henry Roma, John Buskerk, Peter Buskerk, Abraham Vanemburgh, John Richards, Nikasey Kipp, William Sorrils, James M'Culleck, Michael Van- tile, Peter Earl, John Miars, Christopher Benson, James Vanemburgh, Thomas Gardner, Samuel Demorist, Wil- liam Kingsland, jun, Daniel Jessip, Rulief Demorist, Cornelius Vanoorst, Nicholas Leezear, Stephen Rider, Hendrick Lutkins, John Martin Hagle, John Pell, Nicholas Depyster, Peter Golat, Edmund Simmons, Daniel Isaac Brown, Charles Kingsland, jun, John Lutkins and Abraham Pershel; and if they, or any person in their behalf, does not appear to traverse the same at the next Court of Common Pleas, final judgment will be then entered against them.
JAMES BOARD ) Commis-
HENDERICUS KUYPEE J SlOnerS.
Bergen county, October 31, 1778.
1 Tavern keeper until 1777, when he relinquished the City Tavern, lo- cated upon the site of the present Mechanics National Bank, to Samuel Henry. During 1778 Witt was an auctioneer. Jacob Benjamin was a mer- chant, and probably a partner of Francis Witt.
34
530 NEW JEKSEY IX TILE BKVOLUTIOX. [I""1
Xew-Jersey, ) AT a Court of Common Pleas, held for Middlesex, j the county of Middlesex, on the 2d of Oc- tober last, was returned inquisitions for joining the army of the King of Great-Britain, and other treasonable acts found against George Stairiforth, William Steel, and Thomas Hooper ; and proclamation being made in Court, that if they, or any in their behalf, or any persons think- ing themselves interested in the premises, would appear and traverse, a trial should be awarded ; and none appear- ing to traverse, we further give NOTICE, That if neither they nor any in their behalf, or any thinking themselves interested, do not appear at the next Court of Common Pleas to be held at Xew Brunswick on the 3d of January next ensuing, and traverse, then inquisition will be taken to be true, and final judgment entered thereon in favour of the state.
WILLIAM SCUDDER, ) Commis- JOHN LLOYD. I sioners.
EIGHTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Lost on the fourth instant, on the post-road between Mar- seille's tavern and the Scotch Plains and Quibble-town, a Parchment Pocket book, containing between three and four, hundred dollars in Continental currency, chiefly in 40, 30, 20 and 8 dollar bills, emitted April 11, 1778. There was also in the pocket-book the subscriber's Lieu- tenant-Colonel's commission; a letter from Col. Samuel Ogden directed to Governor Morris, ,Esq. at Philadelphia ; another letter to Mrs Mary Heasdan, several state lottery tickets, numbers unknown, with many other papers which can be of no benefit to any but the owner. LOST at the same time and between the same places, Gaine's Universal Register, or American and British Jvalendar for the pres- ent year, with some papers of consequence. Whoever finds tlio said pocket-book, and returns the commission and
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 531
money to the owner, or will give him directions by letter, or otherwise where he may find it, shall receive Eighty Dol- lars from the subscriber. Should the pocket book fall into dishonest hands, any person who will give information of it to the subscriber, so that he may obtain the money or secure the rogue, shall be entitled to the same reward of Eighty Dollars ; but as the papers cannot be converted by any kind of knavery or legerdemain to be of use to any person whatever but the owner, be his inclination that way as great as it may, the subscriber flatters himself, that if any persons finds the pocket book, and feels no compunc- tion of conscience at converting the money to his own use, he will still have honesty enough to fall upon some method to convey the papers and letters to the owners, and cunning enough to conceal from what quarter they come. A letter, or any information sent to the post-office at Morris-town, will be gratefully acknowledged by HENRY BROCKHOLST
M VI. \GSTON.1
Raritan, Kov. 5, 1778.
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen last night from the pasture of Mr. Dirick Van Yechter,2 at Raritan, a sorrel Mare, about four- teen hands high, has a star in her forehead, a pretty long tail, and is shod all round. Whoever takes up said mare, and returns her to the subscriber, shall be paid Thirty Dollars, by
HENRY BROCKIIOLST LIVINGSTON.
Raritan, Nov. 5, 1778.
1 Henry Brockholst Livingston, son of Governor William Livingston, was graduated at Princeton College in 1774, and later was an Aide-de-camp, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, on the staff of General Schuyler in the northern department. In 1779 he accompanied his brother-in-law, John Jay, to Spain as his private secretary. On returning to America, in 1782, he was captured by a British vessel und imprisoned in New York. In 1807 he became an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. — Mmft. of the late William N. Xtr.i/kcr.
- Van Vechten ?
532 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1773
A LIST of LETTERS in the Post-Office in Trenton. JOHN IMLAY. Esq. Bordentown, 2. James Imlay, Princeton. 2 Thomas Barns, Trenton. Content Lane, Ilopewell. Obadiah Holmes. New-Jersey. James Richmond, Brunswick. James Mason, Salem county, New-Jersey. Jon Provost, Brunswick, John Asherast.
Lower Perm's Keck, Salem County, Oct. 17, 1778.
CAME to the plantation of Albert Voorheese in Sourland, Hillsborough township, Somerset county, on the 18th inst. October, a black HORSE, about 14 hands high, trots well and paces a little, no mark or brand, has a star in his fore- head, and is galled with the saddle on the near side. The owner is desired to come, prove his property, pay charges and take him away.
SIXTEEN DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen, on the night of the 7th inst. from the subscriber in Hopewell, a bright bay MARE, with a black mane and tail, has a saddle-mark on the near side, a few white hairs in her forehead, fourteen hands and a half high, paces and trots, but more natural to pace. — Whoever takes up said mare and secures her so that the owner may have her again, shall receive the above reward and all reasonable charges from
JOSEPH HART.
ox SATURDAY next will be published
THE NEW-JERSEY ALMANACK
for the Year of our Lord 1779.
WHEREAS a number of non-commissioned officers and pri- vates, the good subjects of these states, (who were unfor- tunately made prisoners previous to the reduction of Fort Washington, in November 1776, and afterwards admitted
1778] NEWSPAPEK EXTRACTS. 533
to return to their friends on parole in December follow- ing,) do still conceive themselves as bound in honour not to bear arms or otherwise assist in the common defence of the rights of their country — NOTICE is hereby given, That they are now regularly exchanged and fully dis- charged from any such their parole, the full complement of men due the enemy being wholly paid.
JOHN BEATTY, Com. Gen. Pris.
The Printers in the different states are requested to pub- lish the above.
To be sold by the subscriber in Bordentown, state of N. Jersey, the following TKACTS OF LAND, &c., lying in Piles Grove, Salem county :
No. 1. A plantation on which Dr. John Gray1 lately lived, containing 300 acres or thereabouts ; on which are a good frame barn and stables, and an old log house; adjoin- ing it is a two story brick house built by Dr. Gray, which I suppose may be purchased, as he ownes but one acre of land on which the house was built.
~No. 2. A plantation on which the widow M'Kirnyno now lives, containing 300 acres, adjoining" the above; on which is an old barn, a new log dwelling-house, a consider- able part of it well timbered, and is very good wheat land.
No. 3. A plantation on which Conrad Adres lives, con- taining 90 acres, with an old log house thereon, and is an excellent good stand for a tradesman.
No. 4. A plantation on which the widow Titus lives, con- taining 140 acres, an old log house and barn.
No. 5. A plantation on which Simon Bickler now lives, containing 200 acres, adjoining the above plantation; the building but indifferent.
No. 6. Containing 400 acres, or thereabouts, adjoining the glass house ; on which there is no settlement, but is all wood land.
1 Not mentioned in "History of Medicine in New Jersey," by Stephen Wickes.
XKNV .1 HUSKY IN THE RKVOLUTK >\. j 17,x
This tract of land lies very high, and at such a distance from the marshy ground, so as to render it as healthy as any part of this state. It will be sold all together, or in plantations, as may best suit the purchaser. A warranted title will be given by
W. GAMBLE.
Bordentown, Xov. 1, 1778.
A quantity of BRISTOL SALT to be sold.
New-Jersey, WHEREAS inquisitions have been found
Middlessex ss. against the following persons who have joined the army of the King of Great Britain, or otherwise offended against the form of their allegiance to this state, viz Isaac Dunham, Oswald Ford, Reuben Munday, Jona- than Mimday, John Munday, Asher Allward, William Lurton, John Pray^ Jonathan Allston, Lewis Allst<m, Moses Dunhan, Samuel Dunlap, Isaiah Coddington, John M'Minn, Benjamin Marsh, John Vanderhoven, Matthias Man, Isaac Bonnell, John Smyth, Thomas Skinner, Philip Kearney, Michael Kearney, Isabel Kearney, and David rite-Randolph ; which inquisitions have been returned at the last Court of Common Pleas held at Brunswick, in and for the county of Middlesex, and proclamation made in open Court, according to law, for the- said offenders, or any person on their behalf, to appear and traverse the said inquisition ; NOTICE is hereby given to said offenders, That if they do not appear, or any person in their behalf, or whoever shall think himself interested in the premises, at the Court of Common Pleas to be held at Brunswick, in and for said county, on the third Tuesday in January next, to traverse and put in the security required by law, that then the said inquisitions will be taken to be true, and final judgment will be entered thereon in favour of this state.
EBENEZER FORD, Commis.
Woodbridge, Oct. 18, 1778. — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, ATo. 49, No vernier 11,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 535
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN out of the pasture of the subscriber., living in the township of Kingwood, and county of Hunterdon, West-New-Jersey, on the night of the 20th of October, a young sorrel MARE, near fifteen hands high, three years old next May, a natural trotter, and when in full trot slings out her fore feet, has a star in her forehead, branded with the letter S. on the near shoulder and S. S. on the off side under the mane. Whoever secures the said Mare and thief, so that the owner may have the Mare again, and the thief be brought to justice, shall have the above reward, or for the Mare only One Hundred Dollars, with all reasonable charges, paid by
JOHN SHRINER. — The Pennsylvania Packet, November ~L4:th, 1778.
Mount Holly, November 11. TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
RAN AWAY the night before last, from the subscriber, a Dutch servant lad named HENRY STEENHAAGEN, about seventeen years of age, five feet six inches high, slender made, thin visage, dark complexion, dark bushy hair, speaks a little on the German dialect. He was lately purchased from Godfrey Twelves, near the Rising Sun Tavern, on the Germantown road, and is acquainted in that neighbourhood and in Philadelphia. Had on and took with him, an half worn beaver hat a red cloth coat lined with white flannel, an old crimson plush vest, an old fustian coatee rather small for him, a pair of good leather breeches, a pair of oznabrigs trowsers, two ozna- brigs shirts, one fine white linen ditto, one pair of new milled blue and white yarn stockings, one pair of old dark
536 NEW JEESEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1"~'S
coloured yarn ditto, good shoes with square brass buckles in them, with other cloathing not particularly remem- bered. Whoever secures the said servant so that his master may have him again, will be entitled to the above reward, and if brought home, to all reasonable charges.
NATHANIEL LEWIS. — The Pennsylvania Packet, November 17, 1778.
Just published and to be sold by the Printer hereof. THE XEW JERSEY ALMANACK. For the year of our Lord 1779.
Containing, Besides the usual Astronomical Observa- tions, A Variety of useful, instructive, and entertaining Matter, in Prose and Verse. Where also may be had, POCKET ALMAXACKS for the ensuing year.
Notice is hereby given
TO all persons who have any claim, interest, or demand to, in, or against the estate of David Ogden, jun Uzal Ward, William Stiles, Nathaniel Richards, Thomas Bruen, Griffin Jinkens, Stephen Skinner, Benjamin Booth, Joseph Kingsland, Robert Drammond, Stephen Farrand, Lewis Greenfield, John Wheeler, Ebenezer Ward, jun, Isaac Longworth, jun, Nicholas Ogden, Isaac Longworth, Na- thaniel Williams, Jonathan Sayres, Thomas Longworth, John Van Waggoner, Garrabrant Garrabrants, Jacob Brower, Garret Wonters, Caleb Sayers, Josiah Banks, Joseph Halle t, Peter Woods, Peter Browne, Benjamin Pierson, Richard Yates, Peter Mowrison, George Walls, Thomas Galbreath, Peter Clopper, Abraham Vangeson, jun. Rev Isaac Brown, Dirick Schuyler, and Richard Stanton, to appear with their respective accounts, vouchers and evidences before the subscribers in Newark, on or before the 9th day of January next ensuing, then and there to have the same adjusted and settled — Likewise notice is here given to those who are indebted to the
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 537
Commissioners for goods bought at their sales, to make immediate payment, to prevent trouble.
JOSEPH HEDDEN, l'uH 1 f
\ Commis-
SAMUEL HAYES, and > .
I sioners.
THOMAS CANFIELD. J
Essex county,
Nov. 9, 1778.
ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS REWARD.
The house of the subscriber, living at Middle Brook, township of Bridgewater, county of Somerset and state of New-Jersey, was broken open and robbed, on the night of the 15th of October last, of a suit of twilled superfine blue broadcloth with polished steel buttons and a star in the middle of each ; a deep blue coat, fine broadcloth, with flat pinchbeck buttons ; a pair of mixed red and white super- fine broadcloth breeches, with silver plated buttons, re- markable, for having a three-square darn on one of the knees ; a light coloured wilton coat, with . light coloured binding and basket buttons ; a great coat, brown coloured, with basket buttons, the cape lined with pale blue shalloon, about half worn; a beaver hat scolloped, with a piece gnawed out of the rim by the rats, with a large gold button with the shape of an anchor in the middle, and a gold loop ; a dark silk purple and brown jacket, moulds covered with the same buttons ; a pair of Russia duck overalls ; a purple and white streaked long gown ; a new white petticoat, small diamonds; supposed to be stolen by some person ac- quainted in the neighborhood. —
Whoever takes up and secures the thief and articles, so .that the owner may get them again, and the thief brought to justice, shall have the above reward and all reasonable charges, paid by me
JOHN LOUDERBACII, Ol* BENJAMIN HARRIS.
N. B. All Justices of the Peace, Constables, and other officers, are requested to have a look out, so that thief may speedily be brought to justice.
538 .NKW .1 HUSKY IX THE DEVOLUTION. [1TTS
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen on the night of the 4th inst. from the pasture of Mr. Dirick Van Vechter, at Raritan, a chestnut sorrel MARE, about fourteen hands high, seven or eight years old, has a star in her forehead, trots and canters, and is well shod all round. Whoever takes up said mare, and will return her to Mr. Van Vechter,1 at Raritan ; Captain Arnold,2 at Morristown; or to the subscriber at Persip- peny, shall be entitled to the above reward from
HENRY BROCKHOLST LIVINGSTON.
Persippeny, Xov. 7, 1778.
STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber at Brunswick, in the state of Xew Jersey, the night preceding the morning on which the second division of the conintental army marched from said place in the month of July last, a sorrel Mare, five years old, about 14 hands and a half high, had a blaze in her face, branded on the left shoulder with the figure 9, a natural pacer. Whoever shall give the sub- scriber information where she is, or to Xathaniel Lewis at Morristown, shall have Twenty Dollars reward and all reasonable charges, paid by me.
NATH. LEWIS.
Nov. 12, 1778.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber the 23d of Oc- tober last, a large bay Horse, very old and poor. The owner is desired to prove his property, pay charges, and take him away.
AMOS MOORE.
N. B. There is a kind of an obscure brand on his near buttock.
Hope well, Hunterdon county, Nov. 4.
1 Van. Vechten ?
2 Eastern Battalion. Morris, Captain, Troop Light Horse, Morris county : also paymaster for said county.
1778] NEWSPAPER KXTKACTS. ~>'->'.)
TAKEN up as strays, in the neighbourhood of Princeton, two old bay Horses. The owners are desired to come with- out delay, prove their property and pay expenses, or they will be sold in a fortnight from this date. Apply to Thomas Moody, merchant, in Princeton. Xov. 11, 1778.
LOXDOX JUNE 9
London, July 7. The enemy is now arrived at Xe\v York from Philadelphia. Some little time ago they ar- rived at Philadelphia from Xew York. How finely says a correspondent are the charges sunk! From Philadelphia to Xew York — to Long Island — to Mud Island — from action to eeling — from eeling to action ! Our American possessions are not equal to the space between Smithfield and Highgate. Om-ne quod exit in — HUM.
TREXTOX, NOVEMBER 18.
On Saturday last a fleet of about sixty British vessels, large and small, sailed from Sandy Hook — And two very large ships, supposed to be 74'rs, came in from sea dis- masted.
Monday last Col. Eland's regiment of cavalry arrived here from camp, and yesterday they marched for Virginia, where they are to go into winter quarters.
We are informed that on Wednesday the 4th inst. a rob- bery was attempted near Brunswick Landing by a certain Matthew Sleght, who endeavored to force a horse out of Major Egbert's waggon,1 and would have accomplished his villainous design, had not the Major by his spirited exer- tion prevented him. The said Sleght has lately returned from the enemy, whose services he has been in since they
1 Thomas Egbert, Second Major, Third Hegiment, Middlesex. Or-tober 13th, 177T.
540 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
first came to Brunswick, and who lias greatly experienced the lenity of his country, by having his crimes pardoned and being enlarged.
Wanted immediately, a good Workman at Press and Case. Such a person will be exempted from actual service in the militia, find constant business, and receive handsome ifif/e.s, by applying to the Printer of this Paper.
Also wanted, as an APPRENTICE to the Printing Business, an active Lad about fourteen years of age, who can read well, and write a good hand. Apply as above.
ON SATURDAY next, the 24th of September inst. at 'one o'clock in the afternoon, at the Vendue store in Trenton, WILL BE SOLD to the highest bidder,
AN ASSORTMENT OF MERCHANDIZE, amongst which are,
BROAD cloths, linens Calicoes, handkerchiefs
Deer-skin breeches Ribbands,
Shoes, worsted hose Knives and forks, razors
Silk laces. Ink-stands
Three silver watches Indigo,
Also a large quantity of HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE, and sundry second hand broad cloth coats, waistcoats and breeches — Likewise sundry COOPERS and JOINERS TOOLS — a cow with CALF and a pleasure SLEIGH, and a variety of other articles.
WITT and BENJAMLN.
STRAYED from Abraham Wogglam's, the ninth inst. a large bay Horse, fifteen hands high, large legs, well built, something low in flesh, his near hind foot has been corked, which may be perceived by the hoof growing out, his foretop has been cut close to his forehead, the hair grow- ing over the part which was cut, his knees are large,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 541
paces and trots, and has been used to the gears. Whoever brings the horse to Abraham Wogglam, or to Jona. Rich- mond, in Trenton, or to the subscriber, in Philadelphia, shall have Ten Dollars reward, and reasonable charges, paid on delivery of the horse.
JEREMIAH BAKTCE.
Trenton, Nov. 11, 1778.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen, from the subscriber at Trenton, 011 the night of the first of November instant, a dark brown Horse, about thirteen hands and an half high, one white hind foot, short switch tail, has a very high carriage, trots and canters. Whoever takes up and secures said horse, that the owner may have him again, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable charges paid, by JOSIAH COXKLING, living at Trenton.
TO BE SOLD BY THE SUBSCRIBER,
THAT valuable FARM formerly the property of Mr. George Armstrong, within five miles of Morristown and three from Baskingridge meeting-house, pleasantly sjtu- ated, containing 500 acres, one half of which is improved, and well adapted either for grass or grain, the remainder in good thriving young timber ; the whole is well watered, and the greatest part in good new fence: an excellent orchard of the very best grafted fruit, containing up- wards of 1000 apple and peach trees. It is so well situated, that a late frost in the spring never injures it, and yields a plentiful crop every year: 60 acres of good meadow, which produces plenty of good timothy and clover. On the premises is a large convenient dwell- ing-house, two stories high, four rooms on a floor, with
NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION'. [177<'S
t\v<> kitchens and a large cellar, commodious for Two families: also a good large barn, stable, cyder-house, and every other building necessary for a farm, all in good repair, together with the farming utensils and stock. Also an elegant house and barn, together with eight acres of land, in the town of Newark, wherein Lewis Ogden, Esq. formerly lived, and now occupied by Mr. Henry Ten Brook; the house is well finished, commodious and pleas- antly situated ; also a lot of four acres of land, opposite the Rev. Mr. M'Whorter's.1 The whole will either be sold separate or together, as may best suit the purchaser, by applying to the subscriber, in Morris county, who will give an indisputable title for the same.
ALEXANDER ROBERTSON".
Morris county, ]STov. 13, 1778.
( 'AME to the plantation of the subscriber, living in Chesterfield, Burlington county, on the 28th of June last, a brindle Bull, appears to be about two years old. The owner is desired to come, prove his property, pay charges and take him away.
ABRAHAM CHAPMAN.
Xov. 14, 1778.
STRAYED or stolen, out of the pasture belonging to Samuel Meredith, Esq, in Nottingham township, Burling- ton county, some time in October last, a small black ox, four years old ; he has a brown list all along his back ; if he is mark'd it is unknown. Whoever takes up the above ox, and brings him to the subscriber, living near Trenton, shall receive the reward of Three Pounds, and all rea^< in- able expenses.
HUGH RUNYAN. 1 Near the corner of Broad and Market streets.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 543
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
out of the pasture of the subscriber, in Bed- minster township, Somerset county, in the night of the 30th of September last, a brown Horse, branded on the off Thigh with the letter S, and an heart upside down; he is five years old, trots lofty, and carries well, is fourteen hands three inches high. The above reward will be paid for the thief and horse, or Twenty Dollars for the horse only, by me,
SIMON HEGERMAN.
Burlington county, ISTovember 13, 1778,
WHEREAS a court was holden at Bordentown, on the third day of October, 1778, to make inquisition whether George Plato, Thomas P. Hewlings, Colin Campbell, Isaac Allen, Robert Cooke, John Leonard, Thomas Hunlock, Jona- than Odell,1 Joseph Hewlings, and George alias John
1 Of this list of Tories, by far the most distinguished is Jonathan Odell. Aside from Joseph Stansbury, the "writer of festive political songs" and of playful satire, the one great figure among the Tory satirists is Jonathan Odell. aforetimes rector of Saint Mary's church in Burlington. Jonathan Odell was deep, stern, and virile, and his sarcasm grim, scathing and absolutely implacable. As Joseph Stansbury may be compared with Fran- cis Hopkinson, so may Jonathan Odell be likened to Philip Freneau.
Newark, one of the centers of the Revolutionary movement in East Jer- sey, was the birthplace of Jonathan Odell. Graduating from the College of New Jersey in the class of 1754, when seventeen years of age, he for a time, later acted as surgeon in the British army, but subsequently, taking holy orders, was inducted into the rectorship of Saint Mary's, Burlington, where as physician of bodies and souls he remained until driven thence by the war.
Throughout the period of constitutional debate from 1767 to 1775 Jona- than Odell remained passive, hoping for peace. Arrested by the Burlington committee in October, 1775, for certain sentiments which he had expressed in his letters touching the attitude of the continental congress, he brought upon himself the heavy hand of the provincial congress. Upon the 4th of June. 1776, in honor of the King's birthday, Odell had written some intensely loyal verses to be sung by some British officers then prisoners in Burlington. The celebration had been held upon a nearby island in the Delaware, but the echoes of the song rang throughout the colony. It was upon the 20th of July that the provincial congress directed that "a person suspected of being inimical to American liberty" — Jonathan Odell — be
54-i NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [177s
Golden, of the county of Burlington, have offended against the form of their allegiance to this state; when the said inquisition was found true, and being properly certified, was returned to the Inferior Court of Common Pleas holden in the county of Burlington, on Tuesday, the third of November, and proclamation made thereupon in open Court, as the law in that case provided directs, that they, or any person on their behalf, might appear and traverse the inquisition. Now NOTICE is hereby given, That unless
paroled, pledging himself to remain within a circle of eight miles, the center of which was the Burlington court house.
Until the middle of December, 1776, Jonathan Odell remained peacefully In Burlington, and upon the arrival of Count Dunop, for whose winter quarters Burlington had been selected by the British commander, unques- tionably spared the inhabitants of the town from insult and pillage. But the appearance of American gondolas on the river front was the signal for a chase with the rector as quarry. Hunted by a body of armed men, Jona- than Odell was later compelled to take refuge among the King's troops, leaving his wife and three children to the mercies of the soldiery. For several days he remained concealed in Governor Franklin's mansion at Green Bank, on the Burlington river front, where, in a secret room, under the care of the witty Quakeress, Margaret Morris, he evaded the search parties of New Jersey militia. Here the rector of Saint Mary's hid him- self in this room, called the "auger hole," until the 18th of December, when Margaret Morris records in her journal : "Our refugee gone off to day out of reach of gondolas and Tory hunters."
Upon his arrival in New York Odell was active, not only in the dis- charge of his duties as chaplain of a corps of loyalist troops, but was much sought after for his fund of information concerning the personal characteristics of the American leaders and of the physical and social con- ditions of the Middle states. In 1778 he plunged into the boiling sea of satire. Framed upon the classic models of Dryden, Pope and Churchill, the prevailing note of the four, is the general idea which formed the basis of the political system of the American loyalists. While it was recognized by them that the English ministry had blundered in a system of taxation, nevertheless, by appealing to the sympathies of the English people and the Parliamentary leaders, the colonies could defeat this policy by persevering in keeping their opposition within constitutional limits. But the greater blunder, in fact, the national crime, was the pushing of constitutional op- position into open rebellion, into treason, and into ultimate dismember- ment. In poetic terms Odell characterized the Revolution- as "a sort of insane phrensy, produced by the wicked few in administering .to their victims this potion of political necromacy — this hideous hell-broth made up of lies, sophistries, ambitions, hatreds, hallucinations."
Refusing to cross the seas after the close of the war, Odell remained in America, cried aloud that the contest be renewed, and, finding all in vain, sought in Nova Scotia an asylum where he died in a ripe old age. But the Jonathan Odell in the northern wilderness was the Jonathan Odell of Burlington and New York, proud, defiant, unbending, unconquered and un- convinced. See "lfew Jersey as a Colony and as a State," Vol. II.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTKACTS. 545
the persons against whom the inquisition was found, or some person on their behalf, shall appear at the next Court of Quarter Sessions for the said county, and offer to tra- verse the inquisition, it shall be taken to be true, and final judgment entered thereupon in favour of the State.
JOHN BUTLER, Commissioner.
Xew-Jersey, 1 AT an inferior court of Common Pleas Essex county, j held for the county of Essex, on the 15th day of September last, were returned inquisitions for join- ing the army of the King of Great Britain, and other treasonable practices found against, Cavilear Jewitt, Icha- bod Best Barnet, William Luce, John Smith Hetfield, Job Hetfield, Abel Hetfield, Broughton Rhynolds, Richard Miller, John Willis, Jacob looker, James Hetfield, James Frazee, Samuel Oliver, jun, James Moore, Jonathan Oliver, Samuel Smith, John Stiles, jun, Daniel Moore, John Morse, Isaac Stanbury, Thomas Burrows and John Folker; of which proclamation was made at said Court, that if they, or any on their behalf, or any persons inter- ested, would appear and traverse, a trial should be awarded ; but no traverses were offered : Therefore NOTICE is hereby given, That if neither they, nor any in their be- half, nor any interested shall appear and traverse at the next Court to be held for the said county, the inquisitions will be taken to be true, and final judgment entered thereon in favour of the state.
JOHN CLAWSON, Commissioner. Elizabeth-town, Nov. 14, 1778.
— New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 50, November 18, 1778.
35
546 XEW JEKSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Stolen out of the 'pasture of the subscriber, Hiding in the township of Kingwood, and county of Hunterdon, West- New-Jersey, on the night of the 20th of October, a, young sorrel MARE, near fifteen hands high, three years old next May, a natural trotter, and when in full trot flings out her fore feet, has a star in her forehead, branded with the letter S. on the near Shoulder, and S. S. on the off side, under the mane.
Whoever secures the said Mare and thief, so that the owner may have the Mare again, and the thief be brought to justice, shall have the above reward, or for the Mare only ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS, with all reasonable charges, paid by
JOHN SHRINER. — The Pennsylvania Packet, November 21, 1778.
TRENTON, November 11.
On Tuesday, the third instant, Captain Marriner, of Brunswick, with seven men belonging to Lord Stirling's division, landed from the Jersey shore at New-Utrecht, on Long Island, and brought off Simon and Jacques Cortelyou, two famous tories in the enemy's lines, and in specie and other property to the amount of five thou- sand dollars. The two prisoners are on parole at New Brunswick, and to be exchanged for two citizens of this state in captivity with the enemy.
Married, the 14th ult Elisha Boudinot, Esq; Coun- sellor at Law, to Miss Katy Smith, daughter of Peartree Smith, Esq; a Lady possessed of every qualification necessary to render the connubial state happy. — The Pennsylvania Packet, November 24, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 547
To the PRINTERS.
CAPTAIN Duncan, late of the Kose Letter of Marque, with his Crew, who so bravely distinguished them- selves in a severe Action with a French Frigate,, arrived here late last Night in a Flag of Truce from Elizabeth-Town, several of those gallant Seamen were by Mistake detained at their Landing, in order to be put on board the Ships of War; but Admiral Gambiers being informed thereof, he was pleased to direct, that they should immediately be set at Liberty, and to give express Orders, that no Prisoners returning from Captivity in future, shall be obliged to serve on board the Kings Ships. I therefore think it my Duty to request, that his Maj- esty's faithful Subjects may be made acquainted therewith through the Channels of the public Newspaper.
JAMES DICK, Commissary for Naval Prisoners. New-York, Nov. 15, 1778.
EXTRACT FROM THE TRIAL OF MAJOR GENERAL LEE.
MAJOR GENERAL LORD STIRLING, President. Brigadier- Generals, Smallwood, Poor, Woodford and Huntington. Colonels, Irvine, Shepherd, Swift, Wigglesworth, Angel, Clarke, Williams, Febiger, Members. JOHN LAWRENCE, judge Advocate.
Brunswick, July 4, 1778.
The Judge Advocate produces the General's orders, (Washington's) for the court to sit. The President, Mem- bers, and Judge Advocate, being sworn, the Judge Advo- cate prosecuting in the name of the United States of America, the Court proceed to the trial of Major-General Lee, who appears before the Court, and the following charges are exhibited against him: First, For disobedi- ence of orders, in not attacking the enemy on the 28th of June, agreeable to repeated instructions. Secondly, For misbehaviour before the enemy on the same day, by mak-
548 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [177*
ing an unnecessary, disorderly, and shameful retreat. Thirdly, for disrespect to the Commander in Chief in two letters, dated the 1st of July, and the 28th of June. Major-General Lee pleads, not guilty.
[The letters on which the third charge is founded, are as follows :]
Camp, Englishtown, 1st July, 1778.
Sir,
From the knowledge I have of your Excellency's char- acter, I must conclude, that nothing but the misinforma- tion of some very stupid or misrepresentation of some very wicked person, could have occasioned your making use of so very singular expressions as you did, on my coming up to the ground where you had taken post; They implied, that I was guilty either of disobedience of orders, of want of conduct, or want of courage: Your Excellency will therefore infinitely oblige me, by letting me know on which of these three articles you ground your charge, that I may prepare for my justification, which I have the happiness to be confident, 1 can do to the army, to the Congress, to America, and to the world in general. Your Excellency must give me leave to observe that neither yourself nor those about your person, could, from your situation, be in the least judges of the merits or demerits of our mano3uvres, and, to speak with a becoming pride, I can assert, that to these manoeuvres, the success of the day was entirely owing, I can boldly say, that had we remained on the first ground, or had we advanced, or had the retreat been conducted in a manner different from what it was, this whole army and the interests of America would have risked being sacrificed. I ever had (and I hope ever shall have) the greatest re- spect and veneration for General Washington, I think him endued with many great and good qualities, but in this instance, I must pronounce, that he has been guilty of an act of cruel injustice, towards a man, who certainly has some pretensions to the regard of every servant of this country ; and, I think, sir, I have a right to demand some
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 549
reparation for the injury committed ; and unless I can obtain it, I must in justice to myself, when the campaign is closed (which I believe will close the war) retire from a service, at the head of which is placed a man, capable of offering such injuries; but, at the same time, in justice to you I must repeat, that I, from my soul believe, that it was not a motion of your own breast, but instigated by some of those dirty Earwigs, who will forever insinuate themselves near persons in high office ; for I am realy convinced that, when General Washington acts from himself, no man in his army will have reason to complain of injustice or in- decorum. I am, Sir, and I hope ever shall have reason to continue, your most sincerely devoted humble servant,
CHARLES LEE.
His Excellency Gen. Washington.
Head-quarters, English Town, 'June 28, 1778.
Sir,
I received your letter (dated through mistake the first of July) expressed, as I conceive, in terms highly im- proper. I am not conscious of having made use of any sin- gular expressions at the time of my meeting you, as you intimate. What I recollect to have said, was dictated by duty, and warranted by the occasion. As soon as circum- stances will permit, you shall have an opportunity either of justifying yourself to the army, to Congress, to America, and to the world in general; or of convincing them that you are guilty of a breach of orders, and of misbehaviour before the enemy on the 28th inst. in not attacking them as you had been directed, and in making an unnecessary, disorderly and shameful retreat.
I am, Sir, your most obedient servant,
George Washington.
Major-General Lee.
550 XEW JEKSEY IX THE REVOLITIOX. 1778
Camp, June L'S. 177>. Sir,
I beg your Excellency's pardon for the inaccuracy in mis-dating my letter. You cannot afford me greater pleas- ure than in giving me the opportunity of showing to America the sufficiency of her respective servants. I trust that the temporary power of office, and the tinsel dignity attending it, will not be able, by all the mists they can raise, to offulcate the bright rays of truth : In the mean time your Excellency can have no objection to my retiring from the army.
I am, Sir, your most obedient humble Servant,
Charles Lee. General Washington.
Camp, June 30, 1778.
Sir,
Since I had the honour of addressing my letter by Col. Fitzgerald to your Excellency, I have reflected on both your situation and mine, and beg leave to observe, that it will be for our mutual convenience, that a Court of Inquiry should be immediately ordered ; but I could wish it might be a Court-Martial ; for if the affair is drawn into length, it may be difficult to collect the necessary evidences, and perhaps might bring on a paper war betwixt the adherents to both parties, which may occasion some disagreeable feuds on the continent, for all are not my friends nor your admirers. I must intreat therefore, from your love of justice, that you. will immediately exhibit your charge, and that on the first halt, I may be brought to trial. I am, Sir, your most obedient humble Servant,
Charles Lee.
His Excellency General Washington.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 551.
The Court met by several adjournments till the 12th of August.
The Court having considered the first charge against Major-General Lee, the evidence and his defence, are of opinion that he is guilty of disobedience of orders, in not attacking the enemy on the 28th June, agreeable to re- peated instructions; being a breach of the latter part of Art. 5, Sec. 2, of the Articles of War.
The Court having considered the second charge against Major-General Lee, the evidence and his defence, are of opinion, he is guilty of misbehaviour before the enemy on the 28th of June, by making an unnecessary, and in some instances, a disorderly retreat, being a breach of the 13th Art. of the 13 Sec. of the Articles of War.
The Court do sentence Major-General Lee to be sus- pended from any command in the armies of the United States of !North America, for the term of twelve months.
Stirling
M. G. and President.
The Court adjourned without day.
— The Neiv-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, November 23, 1778.
Was left at the house of Matthew Rue, in Manalapon, on the 28th of June last, a Portmantle, containing some clothes. — The owner proving his property, and paying the expence of this advertisement, may have it again.
Middlesex, Nov. 20, 1778.
The Post-riders from Essex county earnestly request their customers, whom they have served to the best of their power, to pay as soon as possible to the persons where their several packets are left, what is still due for the service of one year, which is now near expired. The sum of which is as follows: For those in Essex county, Two Dollars ; those left at Brunswick and Quibble-Town, Twelve Shillings; at Princeton, &c. One Dollar for each paper for one year.
552 M-:W ,IKI;SKY ix THE DEVOLUTION. [177s
IMPORTED SALT.
To be sold wholesale and retail,
by STACY POTTS,
in Trenton.
Also dressed BUCKSKINS, and a few pair of BREECHES.
LOST in Trenton, the 18th instant, (November) a gold oval SLEEVE-BUTTON, on which is decyphered the letters J B. Whoever has found, and will return the same to the Printer or subscriber, shall be handsomely rewarded.
JOSEPH BLOOMFIELD.1
NOTICE is hereby given that there has been Inquisitions found and returned to the last Court of Common Pleas held for the county of Somerset, in the State of New Jersey, according 'to the direction of an Act of the General Assembly in that case made and provided, against Wil- liam Burtain, Richard Stockton, Jacobus Voorheese and Daniel Cox: and proclamation was made in open court, that if they, or any person or persons in their behalf, who think themselves interested in the premises, do not appear at the next Court of Common Pleas, and traverse said inquisitions, final judgment will be entered against them.
JACOB BERGEN,
Commissioner. Nov. 14, 1778.
1 Afterward Governor of New Jersey.
177*1 NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 553
TRENTON, NOVEMBER 25.
Extract of a letter from Elizabeth Town, November
19, 1778.
It is reported, that the American Army is about to go into winter quarters; for this purpose part of it has already crossed the North Eiver, and head-quarters, we are told, will shortly be established at Lord Stirling's Seat,1 at Baskenridge, in this State.
With pleasure we can inform the public, that an act was passed the 20th instant, by the Legislature of this State, entitled, An Act to authorize and impower the Delegates of the State of Neiv Jersey, in. Congress, to subscribe and ratify the articles of confederation and per- petual union between the several States.
THE first year of the NEW JERSEY GAZETTE being nearly ended, the Printer proposes, in favour of his Customers, to continue the same to the first day of January next at the present price: and that each subscriber do settle his accounts (which will be sent) to that time with the several Gentlemen to whom the packets are directed, who are desired to receive the money, and transmit it by Post or other safe conveyance.
The present price of the Gazette being much less than that of any Paper printed in the neighbouring States, and moreover having been fixed at a time when measures were taking to establish a limitation of prices, and the general expectation was that it would be adopted and con- tinued, the price of the Gazette from the first of January
1 For an accurate description of Sterling Manor, see "Historic Houses of New Jersey." W. Jay Mills. Page 231.
554 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [l"'x
forward will be Two Dollars oy the quarter — the money to be paid and transmitted quarterly in the manner above- mentioned.
ISAAC COLLINS.
On Saturday next the 28th instant WILL BE SOLD at the Vendue Store in Trenton
AX ASSORTMENT OF MERCHANDIZE Amongst which are
CALICOES, linens, handkerchiefs, needles, pins, locks, scissors &c. HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE amongst which are four feather beds, tables, a desk, apple roasters, cheese toasters, gravy ladles, China dishes Pewter, and a variety of other articles. Also wearing apparel
Francis Witt Jacob Benjamin
N. B. An exceedingly good Riding Chair, with or with- out a young horse for sale. Enquire at said store.
ON SATURDAY THE 5TH OF DECEMBER, next at the
Vendue-Store, will be sold, a valuable collection of BOOKS, upon Law, Physick, Divinity and History.
TWO HUNDRED DOLLARS REWARD.
LAST night the house of the subscriber, living in Dover township, Monmouth county, was robbed by some persons unknown, of the followling articles, viz., one piece of red- dish brown homespun worsted stuff, one ditto worsted and wool, one ditto fine brown linen, a homespun new great coat of a light blue colour, with some leather and sundry other articles ; Also between 30 and £.40 in hard money,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. •"'"'•">
and near £.1000 in Continental Money. Whoever appre- hends the robbers so that they may be convicted, and the goods and money recovered, shall have the above reward, and for the robbers only One Hundred Dollars, and reason- able charges paid by
BENJAMIN JOHNSON. Nov. 18, 1778.
To Be Sold, for no Fault.
A Handsome pair of grey GELDINGS, with or with- out, a phaeton, a negro wench, with her child of two years old, a waggon, and two milch Cows. Enquire of printer.
JOHN RAMSAY,
•At Bottle-Hill, 4 miles from Morris-Town, INTENDING soon to remove to Philadelphia, will dispose of the place where he now lives, with 18, 25 or 40 acres. There is on the place a great variety of fruit, a barn, stable, and other out-houses; a good well at the kitchen-door, a toler- able-garden, &c. The purchaser by paying one half or a third of the value, may have what time it best suits to pay the balance.
Also a strong healthy NEGRO FELLOW, about 23 years old, brought up to the blacksmith and farming business; a good horse, a few barrels copperas, and some excellent old Geneva in hogsheads.
ON Wednesday, the 9th day of December next, at 10 o'clock in the forenoon, will be sold to the highest bidder, at the house of Rensalaer Williams, Esq, in Trenton, the Library Books, late the property of Daniel Coxe; a cata- logue of which is as follows, viz.
556
.\i:\V JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION.
[17T8
COOK'S reports, G vol
Law of executions,
Lex testament,
L;i\v of executors,
Trials per Pais,
Infant's lawyer,
Law of mortgages,
Returna brevium,
Law of evidence,
Law of errors,
Gilbert's devisees,
Gilbert's evidence,
Gilbert's ejectments,
Buller's trials,
Crown's circuit companion,
Compleat attorney's practice, 2
vol.
Historical law tracts, Barn's notes, 2 vol World displayed, 20 vol. Pope's works, 10 vol. Holden's paraphase, * Pitzherbert's natura brevium, Fool of quality, 2 vol. History of New-Jersey, Pattoon's navigation, Brown's estimates, 2 vol, Modus intrandi, 2 vol. Instructor clericalis Clark's vade mecum, New medical French grammar, Practical register in chancery, Barnardiston's reports, 2 vol. Burrow's reports, 2 vol Andrew's reports, Strange's reports, 2 vol, Wilson's reports Lord Raymond's reports, 2 vol Coymin's digest, 5 vols Yina's works, 19 vol Blackstone's commentaries, 4.
vol.
Collections of trials, Universal history, 19 vol. Wood's institutes Jacob's law dictionary, Salkeld's reports, Modern entries, 2 vol Ilawkin's pleas of the crown, Bacon's abridgment, 5 vol. Lilly's register, 2 vol.
Coore's institutes, 3 vol.
Lilly's entries,
Rastal's entries,
('lift's entries.
Brigman's conveyances
Role's reports,
Reports in the time of Holt,
Cases in equity,
Dargeu's memoirs,
Shepard on deeds,
Hubbard's reports,
Seville's reports,
Lutwick's reports,
Keble's reports, 3 vol.
Crook's reports, 3 vol.
Modern reports, 10 vol.
Shaw's Justice, 2 vol.
Prussian laws, 2 vol.
Readings upon the statute law,
5 vol.
Modern conveyance, 3 vo. Attorney's pocket companion, Jacob's conveyancer, 3 vol Pocket conveyance, Swift's works, 14. vol Smollet's history of England, 13
vol Robertson's history of Scotland,
2 vol. Hume's history of England, 7
vol. Attorney's practice at King's
Bench,
Ditto, at Common Pleas, Young's works, 3 vol Nature displayed, 4 vol Guther's Cicero, 3. vol. Harrison's chancery, Principals of natural law, Charron on wisdom, Lock's essay, 2 vol. Analisis of the laws, Cato's letters, Pollnitz's memoirs, Wingot's maxims, Smollet's constitution, History of New-York, Duhamel's husbandry, Cicero's Cato Major, Latin dictionary, &c &c,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 557
Besides a variety of others on Law, History and Divinity ; with a number of Pamphlets, &c &c.
JARED SEXTON, ) ,
( Commis-
NATHANIEL HUNT, > .
( sioners.
PETEK BJRUNNER, J
N. B. Also at the same time and place will begin the sale of a variety of valuable HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE, late the property of John Barns. November 23d, 1778.
A COACH.
With HARNESS com pleat, for two horses, very little worse for wear, to be SOLD at a reasonable price. Enquire of Mrs. Gertruyda Rutgers, at New Ark in New-Jersey.
THE inhabitants of Sussex county, that have any de- mands against the late Quarter Master General's depart- ment, are directed by the Honourable Major General Mifflin, to apply to me for payment. — They are therefore requested to apply- at my office, in Easton, or to Captain William Stephens, A. D. Q. M. at Newtown, in Sussex county.
ROBERT L. HOOPER, jun. D. Q. M. G.
Easton, Nov. 14th, 1778.
NOTICE is hereby given that the subscribers, two of the Commissioners for the county of Middlesex, in the state of New-Jersey, will meet at the house of Daniel Lott, in Cranberry, on Thursday the 17th of December next en- suing to settle and pay (as far as may be in their power) all persons that have any just demands against the estates formerly Andrew Mercereau, John Ferine, David Gosling, Samuel Smith, Robert Martin, Robert R. Crow, Samuel Warren, Stephen Skinner, Barnardus Legrange, Freder- ick Wiser, John Brown, James Collins. And all persons
558 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
li jiving demands as aforesaid, are desired then and there to appear with their respective accounts, vouchers and evi- dences.
JOHN LLOYD, ) CommiS-
WM. SCUDDER. j sioners.
Nov. 17, 1778.
United States Lottery Tickets, For the Second Class,1
Are to be sold by William Gamble, Esq. in Bordentown. — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 51, November 25,
1778.
TO BE SOLD.
A Very valuable Earm and Mill in Amwell township, Hunterdon county, West New Jersey: The land is very good in quality, and contains about 340 acres, with a proper proportion of woodland and meadow, an extra- ordinary good orchard of apple and other fruit trees. The house is a genteel spacious brick house, the dimensions 50 feet by 36, four rooms on a floor, and two stories high, with kitchens, barn, and other out houses, the situation extremely healthy and pleasant, commanding a very ex- tensive prospect of the adjacent country. The mill house is of stone, 40 feet by 60, supplied by a large plentiful stream of water, being the south branch of Raritan river, and lies in the midst of a great wheat country. Enquire of Edward Shippen, jun. in Fourth-street Philadelphia. — The Pennsylvania Packet, November 26, 1778.
1 The United States Lottery was one among the many financial mistakes of the continental congress. Established on November 1st, 1776, the plan devised contemplated the issue of one hundred thousand tickets, to be drawn in four classes. It was proposed to raise $5,000,000 in the form of a four per cent. loan. Managers and State agents were appointed. Purchasers of tickets were few in number, and the first drawing, scheduled for March 1st, 1777, was postponed from time to time. Many purchasers of tickets in New Jersey and other states met with large losses.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 559
With pleasure we can inform the public, that an act was passed the twentieth instant, by the legislature of this state, entitled "An act to authorize and empower the dele- gates of the state of jSTew Jersey, in congress, to subscribe and ratify the articles of confederation and perpetual union between the several states.1 — The Pennsylvania Eve- ning Post, November 27, 1778.
1 The delegates from the State of New Jersey signed the Articles of Confederation upon the 26th of November, 1778. Ten states had adopted the Articles before New Jersey had taken action.
The matter of consent had been discussed in the General Assembly and Council. In the minutes of the former body, under date of June 15th, 3778, is an "Opinion" which defines the position of the legislature relative to the formal beginning of national unity. '
It is stated in the "Opinion" that among the qualifications necessary for delegates to Congress no mention was made of any "Oath, Test or Declara- tion" being required, other than that taken to uphold the state govern- ments. To this New Jersey desired the addition of some "Test" binding the delegate in his allegiance to the United States, which, "collectively con- sidered, have Interests as well as each particular state." It was further observed that the delegates from New Jersey "assent to no Vote or Pro- ceeding which may violate the general Consideration."
By the sixth and ninth articles the regulation of trade was committed to the separate jurisdictions of the states, involving, said New Jersey, "many Difficulties and Embarrassments and attended with Injustice to some States in the Union." In the opinion of the committee "the sole and exclusive Power of regulating the Trade of the United States with foreign Nations ought to be clearly vested in the Congress, and that the Revenue arising from all Duties and Customs imposed thereon" should be devoted to the establishment of a navy for the protection of trade and defense of the coast, "and to such other pnblick and general Purposes as to the Con- gress shall seem proper and for the common Benefit of the States. This Principle appears to us to be just, and it may be added that a great Se- curity will by this Means be derived to the Union from the Establishment of a Common and Mutual Interest."
Against the establishment of a standing army, sustained by congress in time of peace, New Jersey earnestly protested, being "totally abhorrent from the Ideas and Principles of this State." It was also recommended that "Quotas for Supplies and aids to be furnished by the several States in Support of the general Treasury" should be "struck once at least in every five years and oftener if Circumstances will allow."
In recommending that the "Boundaries and Limits of each State ought to be fully and finally fixed and made known," New Jersey sounded a note of warning. By a strange combination of circumstances it was in Novem- ber-December, 1781, that there assembled in Trenton a congressional court which determined the dispute of long standing between Connecticut and Pennsylvania concerning the ownership of the northern third of that com- monwealth, and put an end to the contentions of the Connecticut claimants, which had since 1775 disturbed the settlement of the Wyoming Valley.
"It was ever the constant Expectation of this State," said the "Opinion," "that the Benefits derived from a successful Contest were to be general and
560 NEW JERSEY IX THE KEVOLUTIOX. [17TS
New- York, November 30. General Washington's Head- Quarters, about 20 Days ago, was at Pauling's Purchase, in Dutchess County, and we hear his Army was cantoned as far as Hartford Eastward; and West, to Short-Hills, in Morris County, New-Jersey.
Last Thursday Captain - - spoke with two Privateers from Egg-Harbour, but both belonging to Salem, in New England; one of them was a Schooner of 4 Guns, called
, Prat, Master, the other the Sloop Hornet, Stevens,
of 6 Guns : They had retaken a Prize Sloop belonging to the Privateer Sloop Harlequin, from this Port, and the last mentioned Privateer was she that took the ship Venus from London. — New-York Gazette and Weekly Mercury. X member 30, 1778.
proportionate, and that the Property of the common Enemy, falling in consequence of a prosperous Issue of the War, would belong to the United States and be appropriated to their use." The jurisdiction over the vacant and unpatented lands, known as crown lands, should be vested in the states whose charters or determined limits embrace those lands ; but ail real property existing in the "crown of Great Britain" should belong "to the Congress in Trust for the Use and Benefit of the United States. They have fought and bled for it in Proportion to their respective Abilities, and therefor the Reward ought not to be predelictionally distributed." Such a course would leave some states — and here came New Jersey's special pleading — sunk under an enormous debt, while others could replace their expenditures from the hard earnings of the whole confederacy.
The ninth article of the articles of confederation provided that requisi- tions for state militia be proportioned to the number of white inhabitants in each commonwealth. In the argument upon this proposition the New Jersey legislature took a most decided stand. Quoting from the Declara- tion of Independence the clause that "All Men are created equal," and that they are endowed with the unalienable rights of life, liberty and the pur- suit of happiness," the "Opinion" argues the consequence that all inhabi- tants "be the Colour of their Complexion what it may be," are bound to promote the interests of society according to their respective abilities. While it may be improper for persons of a particular color to bear arms in the defence of the nation, the refusal of personal liberty being justified by necessity or expediency, yet the proportion of military force should be fixed according to the whole number of inhabitants, from whatever class they may be raised. In a state where all are white such a commonwealth ob- tains an undue advantage over a state of mixed population. In order to equalize the. quota of state troops called to war a census should be taken every five years.
To this "Opinion" both houses unanimously concurred. See "New Jersey as a Colony and as a State," Vol. II.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTEACTS. 561
From the LONDON GAZETTE Extraordinary, Monday, August 24, 1778.
Whitehall, August 24, 1778.
The following letter from Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton, Knight of the Bath, to Lord George Germaine, one of his Majesty's Principal- Secretaries of State, was received on Saturday night by Col Patterson, who arrived in the Grantham Packet, from New-York.
New-York, July 5, 1778.
My Lord,.
I have the honour to inform your Lordship that, pur- suant to his Majesty's instructions, I evacuated Phila- delphia on the 18th of June, at three o'clock in the morn- ing, and proceeded to Gloucester Point, without being followed by the enemy. Everything being from thence passed in safety across the Delaware, through the excellent disposition made by the Admiral to secure our passage, the army marched at ten o'clock and reached Haddonfield the same day. A strong corps of the enemy having, upon our approach, abandoned the difficult pass of Mount Holley, the army proceeded without any interruption from them, excepting what was occasioned by their having de- stroyed every bridge on our road. As the country is much intersected with marshy rivulets, the obstructions we met with were frequent, and the excessive heat of the season rendered the labour of repairing the bridges severely felt.
The advanced parties of our light troops arriving un- expectedly at Crosswicks on the 23d, after a trifling skir- mish, prevented the enemy from destroying the bridge over a large creek at that village, and the army passed it the next morning. One column, under the command of his Excellency Lieutenant General Knyphausen, halted near Amely's-town ; and as the provision train and heavy artillery were stationed in that division, the other column,
36
562 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
under Lieutenant General Earl Cornwallis, took a posi- tion at Allen's-town, which 'covered the other encampment.
Thus far, my Lord, my march pointed equally towards the Hudson's River and Staten-Island by the Rariton, I was now at the juncture, when it was necessary to decide ultimately what course to pursue. Encumbered as I was by an enormous provision train, &c to which impediment the probability of obstnictions and length of my march, obliged me to submit; I was led to wish for a route less liable to obstacles than those above-mentioned.
I had received intelligence that Generals Washington and Lee had passed the Delaware with their army, had assembled a numerous militia from all the neighbouring provinces, and that Gates, with an army from the North- ward was advancing to join them on the Rariton. As I could not hope that, after having always hitherto so studi- ously avoided a general action, General Washington would now give into it against every dictate of policy: I could only suppose that his views were directed against my bag- gage, &c in which part I was indeed, vulnerable. This circumstance alone would have tempted me to avoid the difficult passage of the Rariton ; but when I reflected that from Sandy Hook I should be able, with more expedition, to carry his Majesty's further orders into execution, I did not hesitate to order the army into the road which leads through Freehold to the ISTavesink. The approach of the enemy's army being indicated by the frequent appearance of their light troops on our rear, I requested his Excel- lency Lieutenant General Knyphausen to take the baggage of the whole army under the charge of his division, con- sisting of the troops mentioned in the margin.* Under
* 17th Light Dragoons, 2d battalion of Light Infantry, Hessian Yagers, 1st and 2d brigades British, Sterns and Loo's brigades of Hessians, Pennsylvania Loyalists, West- Jersey Volunteers, Maryland Loyalists.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 563
the head of baggage was comprised, not only all the wheel- carriages of every department, but also the Bat Horses ; A train which, as the country admitted but of one rout for carriages, extend near twelve miles. The indispensible necessity I was under of securing these, is obvious, and the difficulty of doing it, in a most woody country, against an army far superior in numbers, will. I trust be no less so.
I desired Lieutenant General Knyphausen to move at day break on the 28th ; and, that I might not press upon him in the first part of the march, in which we had but one route, I did not follow with the other division* till near eight o'clock. Soon after I had marched, reconnoiter- ing parties of the enemy appeared on our left flank. The Queen's Rangers fell in with and dispersed some detach- ments among the woods in the same quarter. Our rear guard having descended from the heights above Freehold, into a plain near three miles in length, and about one mile in breadth; several columns of the enemy appeared like- wise descending into the plain, and about ten o'clock they began to cannonade our rear. Intelligence was at this moment brought me, that the enemy were discovered marching in force on both our flanks. I was convinced that our baggage was their object; but it being in this juncture engaged in defiles which continued for some miles, no means occurred of parrying the blow, but attack- ing the corps which harrassed our rear, and pressing it so hard as to oblige the detachments to return from our flanks to its assistance.
I had good information that General Washington was up with his whole army, estimated at about 20,000 ; but as I knew there were two defiles between him and the corps at which I meant to strike. I judged that he could
* 16th Light Dragoons, 1st battalion of British Grena- diers, 2d ditto, 1st battalion of Light Infantry, Hessian Grenadiers, Guards, 3d ^tJi, 5th brigades British.
564 NEW JEKSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778-
not have passed them with a greater force than what Lord Cornwallis's division was well able to engage; and had I . even met his whole army in the passage of those defiles, I had little to apprehend, but his situation might have been critical.
The enemy's cavalry, commanded, it is said, by M. La Fayette, having approached our reach, they were charged with great spirit by the Queen's Light Dragoons. They did not wait for the Shock, but fell back in confusion, upon their own infantry.
Thinking it possible that the event might draw to a general action, I sent for a brigade of British and the 17th Light Dragoons, from Lieutenant General Knyp- hausen's division, and having directed them on their ar- rival to take a position effectually covering our right flank, of which I was most Jealous, I made a disposition of at- tack on the plain, but before I could advance, the enemy fell back and took a strong position on the heights above Freehold Court-house. The heat of the weather was in- tense, and our men already suffered from fatigue. But our circumstances obliged us to make a vigorous exertion. The British Grenadiers with their left to the village of Free- hold, and the Guards on the right of the Grenadiers, began the attack with such spirit, that the enemy gave way im- mediately. The second line of the enemy stood the attack with great obstinancy, but were likewise compleatly routed. They then took a third position, with a marshy hollow in front, over which it would have been scarcely possible to have attacked them. However, part of the second liner made a movement to the front, occupied some ground on the enemy's left flank, and the Light Infantry and Queen's Rangers turned their left.
By this time our men were so overpowered with fatigue that I could press the affair no farther; especially, as I was confident the end was gained for which the attack had been made.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 565
I ordered the Light Infantry to rejoin me, but a strong detachment of the enemy, having possessed themselves of a post, which would have annoyed them in their retreat, the 33d regiment made a movement towards the enemy, which, with a similar one made by the first Grenadiers, immediately dispersed them.
I took the position from whence the enemy had been first driven, after they had quitted the plain, and having reposed the troops till ten at night, to avoid the excessive neat in the day, I took advantage of the moon-light to re- join Lieutenant-General Knyphausen, who had advanced to Nut-Swamp, near Middle-town.
Our baggage had been attempted by some of the enemy's light troops, who were repulsed by the good dispositions made by Lieutenant General Knyphausen and Major-Gen- eral Grant, and the good countenance of the 40th regi- ment, whose piquets alone were attacked, and one troop of the 17th Light Dragoons. The two corps which had marched against it (being, as I since learn, a brigade on each flank) were recalled, as I had suspected, at the begin- ning of the action.
It would be sufficient honour to the troops barely to say, that they had forced a corps, as I am informed, of near 12,000 men, from two strong positions; but it will, I doubt not, be considered as doubly creditable, when I mention, that they did it -under such disadvantages of heat and fatigue, that a great part of those we lost fell dead as they advanced.
Fearing that my order had miscarried, before I quitted the ground I sent a second, for a brigade of infantry, the 17th Light Dragoons, and 2d battalion of Light Infantry, to meet me on the march, with which additional force, had General Washington shewn himself the next day, I was determined to attack him; but there not being the least appearance of an enemy, I suspected he might have passed a considerable corps to a strong position near Middletown ; I therefore left the rear guard on its march, and detached
566 NEW JEKSKY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Major-General Grant to take post there, which was effected on the 29th. The whole army marched to this position the next day, and then fell back to another, near J^avesink, where I waited two days, in the hope, that Mr. Washington might have been tempted to have advanced to the position near Middletown, which we had quitted ; in which case I might have attacked him to advantage.
During this time the sick and wounded were embarked, and preparations made for passing to Sandy-Hook island by a bridge, which by the extra-ordinary efforts of the navy was soon compleated, and over which the whole army passed in about two hours time; the horses and cattle having been previously transported.
Your Lordship will receive herewith a return of the killed, wounded, missing, &c. of his Majesty's troops on the 28th of last month: That of the enemy is supposed to have been more considerable, especially in killed.
The loss of Lieutenant^Colonel Monckton, who com- manded the 2d battalion of Grenadiers, is much to be lamented.
I am much indebted to Lord Cornwallis for his zealous services on every occasion : and I found great support from the activity of Major-General Grey, Brigadier Generals Mathew, Leslie, and Sir William Erskine.
I beg leave to refer your Lordship, for any other par- ticulars, which you may wish to be informed of, to Col. Patterson, who will have the honour of delivering these dispatches, and whose services, in this country, entitle him to every mark of your Lordship's favour.
I have the honour to be, &c
H. CLINTON.
Return of the killed, wounded, missing, &c of the troops under the command of General Sir Henry Clinton, in an engagement with the Rebel Army, on the heights of Free- hold, county of Monmouth, "New Jersey, the 28th of
1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 567
TOTAL BRITISH.
1 Lieutenant-Colonel, 1 Captain, 2 Lieutenants, 4 Ser- jeants, 56 Rank and File, killed; 3 Serjeants, 45 Rank and File, died with fatigue; 1 Colonel, 1 Lieutenant Colonel, 1 Major, 7 Captains, 5 Lieutenants, 7 Serjeants, 137 Rank and File, wounded; 3 Serjeants, 61 Rank and File, missing.
TOTAL GERMAN.
1 Rank and File, killed ; 11 Rank and File, died with fatigue; 11 Rank and file, wounded.
GENERAL TOTAL.
1 Lieutenant Colonel, 1 Captain, 2 Lieutenants, 4 Ser- jeants, 57 Rank and File, killed; 3 Serjeants, 56 Rank and File, died with fatigue ; 1 Colonel, 1 Lieutenant Colonel, 1 Major, 7 Captains, 5 Lieutenants, 7 Serjeants, 148 Rank and File, wounded ; 3 Serjeants, 61 Rank and File, missing.
Names and rank of the officers returned, killed and wounded on the 28th of June, 1778.
Royal Artillery, Lieut Vaughan, killed. 1st Grenadiers. Capt Gore, of the 5th company, killed. 2d Grenadiers. Lieut. Colonel Hon. H. Monckton, of the 45th company, (commanding the battalion) Lieut. Kenedy, of the 44th company, killed. 1st Grenadiers. Capt Cathcart, of the 15th company, Capt Brereton, of the 17th company, Capt. Willis, of the 23d company, wounded. 2d Grenadiers. Major Gardner, of the 10th company, Capt. Leighton, of the 46th company. Capt. Powell, of the 52d company, Lieut. Gilchrist, of the 42d company, Lieut. Kelly, of the 44th company, Lieut. Paumier, of the 45th company. Lieut. Grosse, of the 52 company, wounded.
568 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [17 <>
Foot Guards. Colonel Trelawney, Captain Bellew, wounded.
15th Regiment Capt Ditmas (attached to the 2d Grenadiers) wounded.
Marines. Lieut Desborough (attached to the 2d Grena- diers) wounded.
Queen's American Rangers. Lieut. Colonel Simcoe, wounded.
H. CLINTON.
TRENTON, DECEMBER 2.
We hear from. Baskinridge, in Somerset county, that the inhabitants of that neighbourhood, and those of the most adjacent parts of Morris County, have fallen upon a method to detect horse thieves and robbers ; for this pur- pose they have chosen, a Committee, who have appointed a number of men well acquainted with those parts, and prop- erly equipped, to scour every part of the country, which will make it difficult for those villians in future to make their escape from publick justice.1
We hear that Col. Warcl, Muster-Master General, and Lieut. Col Bradford, Deputy-Muster-Master General, were on Friday night last kidnapped, while in bed, by a number of Tories, at Kakiate, near the North-River, who carried them to the enemy, in the city of New- York.
Somerset County, October 21, 1778. NOTICE is hereby given, that inquisitions have been found against David White, Bernardus Le grange, Joseph Arrowsmith, George Rodney, Richard Campton, jun. and John Smith, for joining the army of the King of Great- Britain; which inquisitions were returned to the last Court of Common Pleas, holden at Hillsborough, in and for the county of Somerset. And upon proclamation being made no person appeared to traverse the same. FRED. FRELINGHUYSEN, Commissioner.
early evidence of the formation of "Vigilance" societies.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTKACTS. 569
TO BE SOLD,
BY PUBLIC VENDUE, at Crosswicks, Burlington County, upon. Saturday, the 5th current, A Number of cows and STEERS, fit either for present killing or keeping.
JOHN TAGGART.
CAME to Long-Bridge farm, about the 4th November* last a dark brown MARE, about 14 hands high, and has white hind feet. The owner is desired to come, prove property, pay charges, and take her away.
THOMAS WETHERILL.
CAME to the plantation of the subscriber, in Springfield township, Burlington county, State of N-Jersey, about the end of July last, a large pide BULL, supposed to be four -or five years old, without brand or ear mark. The owner is desired to come, prove his property, pay charges and take him away, or he will be sold for the same.
JOSEPH BIDDLE.
Nov. 1. 1778.
By His EXCELLENCY WILLIAM LIVINGSTON, Esquire,
•Governor,, Captain-General and Commander in Chief in and over the State of New-Jersey, and Territories thereunto belonging, Chancellor and ordinary in the same.
PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS the Honourable the Congress by their resolu- tion of the seventeenth instant, reciting that it having pleased Almighty GOD, through the course of the present
570 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
year, to bestow great and manifold mercies on the people of these United States ; and that it being the indispensable duty of all men gratefully to acknowledge their obliga- tions to him for benefits received, did recommend it to the legislative or executive authority of each of the said States, to appoint Wednesday, the 30th day of December next, to be observed as a day of public thanksgiving and praise, that all people may with united hearts on that day express a just sense of his unmerited favours; par- ticularly in that it hath pleased him, by his over-ruling Providence, to support us in a just and necessary war for the defence of our rights and liberties, by affording us seasonable supplies for our armies ; by disposing the heart of a powerful Monarch to enter into alliance with us, and aid our cause — by defeating the councils and evil designs of our enemies, and giving us victory over their troops, and by the continuance of that union among these States, which, by his blessing, will be their future strength and glory — and farther recommended that together with devout thanksgivings may be joined a penitent confession of our sins, and humble supplication for pardon through the merits of our Saviour; that so, under the smiles of Heaven, our public Councils may be directed — our arms by land and sea prospered — our liberty and independence secured — our schools and seminaries of learning flourish — our trade be revived — our husbandry and manufac- tures increased — and the hearts of all impressed with undissembled piety, with benevolence and zeal for the public good.
I HAVE, therefore, thought fit, by and with the advice of the Honourable Privy Council of this State, to appoint the said thirtieth day of December next, to be set apart and observed throughout this State as a day of public thanksgiving and praise for the purposes in the above resolution set forth, whereof all the inhabitants of this State are hereby required to take notice, and govern them- selves accordingly. And I do hereby recommend it to the
177S] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 571
Ministers of the Gospel o£ every denomination in this State, to perform divine service, and to the people com- mitted to their charge, to attend on public worship on that day, and to abstain thereon from all servile labour, and all recreations inconsistent with the solemnity of the festival.
Given under my hand and seal at arms, at Trenton, the twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord one. thousand seven hundred and seventy-eight, and in the third year of the independence of America.
WIL. LIVINGSTON.
By his .Excellency's command,
BOWES REED, Sec'ry.
GOD SAVE THE PEOPLE.
TO BE SOLD, by ALEXAKDEK DOUGLASS, near Trenton Mills, BEST old GENEVA1 by the gallon or barrel; also WHISKEY by the barrel and gallon.
On SATUKDAY next, the 5th of December, at the Vendue-store in Trenton, will be sold A large Assortment of MERCHANDIZE, HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE, amongst which are, A Number of FEATHER BEDS. Likewise, WEARING APPAREL. Also a collection of Books, agreeable to the following catalogue.
FRANCIS WITT, JACOB BENJAMIN.
1Gin.
572
NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION.
[1778
Turner's Surgery, 2 vols.
— Siphylis, Lock on Human Understanding,
2 vol's. Annual Registers for 1758, 1766,
1770.
Wilson's Navigation, Plutarch's Lives, Matho, or Cosmotheoria Puerilis, Preceptor, Martin's Philosophy,
- Philosophical Grammar, Smellie's Midwifry, 3 vols Croxhal's sacred Politicks, Drake's Anatomy, 3 vols. Chyne's English Malady, Huxham on fevers, View of the English constitution. Strother on health, Friend's history of physics, 2
vols
Swift's Works, Mair's Book Keeping, Quincey's Physical Dictionary,
Vol. of Magazine's for 1764,
Shaw's Practice of Physic
Bailey's Dictionary,
Prosodia Chyrurgia,
Keil's Anatomy,
Boerhase's Institutes
Le Dran's Surgery,
Collin's Ancient History, 5 vols
Court Kalendar for 1766, 68, and 70,
Religious Directions
Pope's Letters,
Complete compting-house,
Moll's Geography,
London Dispensarory,
Manners and Characters of the Age,
Malpigii Oprea Posthuma,
The celebrated Bayle's Diction- ary, 4 vols
Ray on the Creation,
Sanctorius, by Quincey, . A number of Magazines,
Critical Reviews, &c.
BOKDEN-TOWN STAGE.
THE subscriber begs leave to inform the Public, That his Stage-Boat will sail from the Crooked Billet Wharf, at Philadelphia, every Saturday evening or Sunday morn- ing (as the tide may serve) for Borden-Town: and that a Waggon will proceed from thence to Brunswick on Monday morning, and return to Borden-Town the day following, from whence the Stage-Boat will proceed on Wednesday to the Crooked Billet Wharf.
Goods and passengers will be conveyed with care and convenience as heretofore.
JOSEPH BORDEN.
ALL persons indebted to the estate of Audrean Ver- meule, deceased, by bond, note, or book accounts, are de- sired to pay them off before the 21st. day of December,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 573
instant; and. those that have, or pretend to have any de- mand against said estate, are requested to bring in their accounts, properly attested, by the day above-mentioned, or be silent ever after.
ELIZABETH VEKMEULE, Administratrix.
DESERTED from my quarters at Princeton, the 20th day of this instant, (November) a certain recruit, named Elisha Osborne, about 25 years of age, pock-marked, blue- eyed, short light coloured hair, about 5 feet 10 inches high: had on when he deserted, (which was two days after his inlistment) an old hat, striped jacket, old buck- skin breeches, German-town stockings, and old shoes. — Whoever apprehends and secures him in an gaol in the- United States, so that he may be sent to his regiment, or delivered to me at Princeton, shall receive Thirty Dollars reward, and reasonable charges.
EPHRAIM MARTIN",
Col 4th Jersey Regt.
WAS brought to Somerset gaol, a MULATTO WENCH, with her Mulatto Boy about six years old: has a remarkable fair complexion, with flaxen hair. She is a lusty wench, just brought to bed. The owner is desired to come and prove property, pay charges, and take her away.
TO BE SOLD,
By MARY MIDDLETON, at Oosswicks, Dr. RYAN'S in- comparable WORM destroying SUGAR PLUMBS. Nec- essary to be kept in all FAMILIES.
So exceedingly valued by all people who have had of them in Great-Britain and Ireland, for their transcendant excellency in the destroying worms of all kinds, both in the bodies of men, women and children, by not only break- ing the knofs of the duo denum, or guts next the stomach.
«r>7-i NEW JERSEY IN THE BEVOMJTION. [1778
but they pass th.ro' the smallest passages of the body, purge ii\vay those ropy and slimy humours which are the cause .of those pernicious vermin, and the source of many other disorders: They are one of the best purges in the world for gross bodied children that are apt to breed worms, and have large bellies: their operation is mild, safe and pleasant; they wonderfully cleanse the bowels of all stiff and clammy humours, which stop up the parts, and pre- vent the juice of food being conveyed to the liver and made blood, which is often the case with children, and attended with a hard belly, stinking breath, frequent fevers, rickets, and a decay of strength in the lower parts; likewise settled head-achs and pains in the head, swell- ings, old sores, scabs, tetters or breakings out, will be per- fectly cured, and the blood and skin restored to its original purity and smoothness; they purge by urine, and bring away the gravel, and effectually cure all obstructions of the urine, or ulcers in the kidneys. They at once strike at the true cause of the scurvy, and entirely destroy it, and all scorbutic humours and effects, root and branch, so as never to return again: and what makes them more commendable is, they are full as agreeable to both taste and sight as loaf sugar.
I have by these plumbs cured a great many children of whooping or chin coughs and agues, which distempers are very common and troublesome to families, and the want of these plumbs are the ruin of many children's constitutions.
These plumbs enrich and sweeten the whole mass of blood, carry off all gross, corrupt and putrid humours, and create a fresh and healthy complexion in such as are affected by any putrid matter.
The plumb is a great diuretick, cleansing the reins of slime: it expels wind, and is a sovereign medicine in the cholic and gripping of the guts. It allays and carries off sour vapours, which occasion many disorders in the head. It opens all obstructions in the stomach, lungs,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 575
liver, reins and bladder, causes a good appetite and helps digestion. It hath been found wonderfully successful to such persons as are going chronic distempers, as asthmas, phthisies, or shortness of breath, dropsies and yellow jaundice. Now I hope all impartial persons are satisfied, that the medicine which upon such humours, will almost reach any distemper, if not too far gone, since corruption and putrif action are the forerunners of all diseases ; there- fore no better physic can be taken, for all ages, sexes and constitutions, from infancy to old age. These plumbs are highly serviceable to the female sex, from the age of four- teen to twenty years, and from forty to fifty. Each box contains one dozen of these plumbs, with printed direc- tions. Diagnostic signs of Worms.
PALENESS in the face, itching of the nose, hollowness of the eyes, grating of the teeth when asleep, dullness, pains, and heaviness in the head, a dry cough, and itching in the fundament, white and thick urine, unquiet sleep, often starting, lost appetite, swelled belly, knawing and biting about the stomach, frightful dreams, extreme thirsts, the body decayed and lean, fits, often vomiting, stinking breath, &c.
Directions for taking them.
A child from 1 to 2 years may eat one plumb, from 2 to 4 one and a half, from 4 to 6 two, from 6 to 8 two and a half, from 8 to 12 three, from 12 to 15, and all above that age, may eat four plumbs, one hour or two before uprising, not to drink during that time, but after- wards drink warm tea, whey or water gruel; in taking them, the patient must stay two or three days betwixt each dose.
In agues, the same quantity must be taken, two, three or four hours before the fit comes on, and be repeated three times. In whooping or chin coughs give the quan- tity above mentioned.
576 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
TO BE SOLD, And immediate possession given, A Valu- able PLANTATION, situate at Matcheponix, in the south- ward of Amboy, and county of Middlesex, adjoining, Mr. Nicholas Van Wickle's; containing 228 acres, about 140 of which are cleared, the remainder good wood land, abounding with plenty of chestnut for fencing. There are on the premises a dwelling-house one story and half high, with three rooms below stairs and two above, though may be divided into four, a kitchen adjoining, a well of good water at the door, and a never failing spring about 60 yards off, very suitable for a spring-house, a new barn now erecting, 42 feet long and 22 feet wide, a young thriving orchard of excellent fruit, about 10 or 12 acres of meadow, part whereof is very good, and 30 more may be made at a small expense. The upland being natural to grass, renders it exceedingly well adapted for grazing, but will also produce good crops of wheat and other grain. The farm will divide very conveniently into six or seven fields, every one of which may be supplied with never failing water. The situation is peculiarly advantageous, being about four miles from Spotewood and the same from Englishtown, where there is a constant market and the highest prices given for all kinds of farmers produce. There are several grist and saw mills within a mile of the place, and wood may readily be transported to Xew-York market, it being not more than five miles to navigable water to that city. It is also convenient to sundry places of worship, and is surrounded by a neighborhood of the most reputable farmers. The crop of green corn will be sold with the premises, if agreeable to the purchaser. For terms apply to Mr HENRY DELATUSH, on the farm, or to the subscriber in Mansfield and county of Burlington.
JOHN POPE.
December 1. 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 577
LOST, the 18th instant, between Bottle-Hill and Eliza- beth-Town, a small PAPER BOOK, containing some memo- randums of goods purchased at Philadelphia, &c. — Any person who has found it, and will leave it with Samuel Smith, in Elizabeth-Town, Timothy Day, Chatham, or the subscriber, in Morris-Town, shall receive 30s reward.
j. CURTIS.
November 25, 1778. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 52, Dec. 2, 1778.
TRENTON, DECEMBER 9.
On the 25th ult ABRAHAM VAN NESTE, Esq. was elected a Member of Council for the county of Somerset, in the room of FREDERICK FRELiNGHUYSEN, Esq. lately appointed a member of Congress.
The Honorable the Legislature, on the 5th instant, passed an Act, "to raise the sum of £100,000 by Taxation, for discharging the debts and defraying the necessary expences of the state of New Jersey."
The Sentence of the Court Martial upon Major General LEE, is confirmed by Congress.
We hear that a few days ago a British armed vessel, bound from Halifax to New York, and richly laden, came ashore near Barnagat, in this State. The crew, about sixty in number, surrendered themselves prisoners to our militia. Goods to the amount of £5000. have been taken out of her by our, people. And it is said a number of the prisoners have already arrived in Bordentown. — Other particulars are not yet come to hand.
Since our last one Division of Gen. Burgoyne's army, who surrendered themselves prisoners of war to Major General Gates at Saratoga, on the 17th of October, 1777, passed thro' Pitts-Town on their way to Virginia: the other two divisions are also on their march for the same place. -
37
578 XEW JERSEY IIST THE REVOLVTIOX. [1778
THIRTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen on Monday night, the 7th of Decem- ber, from the subscriber's stable, a straw berry-roan horse, about 15 hands high, branded with a C on the near buttock, shod all round with shoes pretty much worn, trots and paces. Whoever takes up and delivers said horse to the subscriber in Trenton (the thief being secured) shall have the above reward, viz, Fifteen Dollars for the thief, and Fifteen for the horse, paid by,
COISTROD KOTTS.
To BE SOLD, on the premises, on Saturday the twelfth inst. (December) a valuable Plantation, containing 152 acres of good land, jn the township of Hanover, county of Burlington, within two miles of the village of New- Mills, adjoining lands of John Monrow, Israel Coats, and Restore Shinn, about 40 or 50 acres of which is good meadow, and about 60 or 70 acres of upland clear'd and in good cedar fence, the rest in thrifty timber. There is on said premises about 200 bearing apple-trees, a tolerable good dwelling-house, with a. well of water near the door, a large barn almost new, smoke-house, &c. The vendue to begin at 12 o'clock on said day, when the conditions will be made known, and attendance given by
HENRY BUDD.
STRAYED or stolen from a waggon in Trenton, on the 27th ult, at night, a brown Mare, about 14 hands high, coming five years old, has a small burst on the near side close by the flank, natural trotter, one quarter blooded. Whoever takes up said mare and secures her so that the subscriber at Newark Mountains may get her again, shall receive Twenty Dollars reward, and reasonable charges, paid by
WILLIAM LOOKER.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 579
STRAYED or stolen from the subscriber, on the night of the 2d December, 1778, living near Passaick Falls, at Acquackanonk, in .Essex county, two Horses, one a bay, about fourteen hands high, a natural trotter, rising five years old, branded F. P. on the right thigh: the other a dark brown, eight or nine years old, rather inclined to pace, has a middling large star in his forehead, branded F. P. on the right thigh, and about 14 hands high. Who- ever will take up and secure said horses, shall have a reward of Twenty Dollars for each horse, and all reason- able charges paid by me.
JOHN POST.
!N". B. The brands are supposed not to be very plain.
On SATURDAY next, the 12th inst. December, will be sold at the Vendue store in Trenton, at the house lately occu- pied by Mr. John Reynolds, opposite to Captain Clunn's, An Assortment of Merchandize, Amongst which are, SEVERAL pieces of linens, handkerchiefs, checks, sprig- ged kenting for aprons, ribbands, needles, pins, razors, pen- knives, scissars, pencils, knitting needles, snuff in bottles, quart and pint-decanters, augers, graters, cheese toasters, gravey ladles. Also three FEATHER BEDS, two dining tables, a desk, china dishes, and a variety of other articles.
FRANCIS WITT, JACOB BENJAMIN.
X. B. The books advertised for sale last Saturday not being disposed of on account of bad weather, will be per- emptorily sold on the day above-mentioned ; and the Ven- due will be kept weekly at the house now advertised.
580 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [17T8
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
Lost in the evening of the twenty-fourth of November last, between Pennington and Jacob Birdsall's in Am- well, a parchment Pocket Book, containing about Thirty Pounds in money and some writings of value. Likewise lost at the same time, one yard and one quarter of linen, supposed to have been dropt with the said pocket book. Any person that has found them, and will be pleased to return them, with the money, shall be entitled to the above reward from the subscriber.
SAMUEL BIRDSALL.
N. B. About half the above-said money was of Jersey Loan-Officer chiefly ifn small bills, among which were two- old Three Pound bills.
ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN from Paramus-Church, the 30th day of October last, two HORSES, one a large black horse, with a large star and snip, and all four of .his feet white almost to his knees, five years old, and 15 hands high, paces and trots. The other is a bay, with a small white snip down his face, natural trotter, four years old, and about four- teen hands and a half high. It is thought they were- stolen and carried to Powles-Hook,1 by some of the tories in that part. — Whoever takes up said horses and brings them to John Okerman, at said church, or to the subscriber at Trenton, or secures them so that they can be got, shall receive the above reward, paid by either of the men, and all reasonable charges, paid by
JAMES PATTON. 'Jersey City.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 581
THE Honourable General Mifflin having been pleased to appoint me to discharge the debts of the Quarter-Master department in the counties of Bergen, Morris, Essex, Mid- dlesex, Monmouth, Somerset and Hunterdon, contracted between the 5th of October, 1776, and the 3d of March, 1778 ; and having this day received money for that pur- pose, those who have accounts, properly certified, may call at my office in Springfield, or at the following places, where I propose to attend for the conveniency of the inhabitants. At Brunswick the 15th of December. At Quibble-Town the 16th and 17th. At Morris-Town the 22d and 23d. At Baskinridge, (White's Tavern). the 24th. At Newark-Mountains (Cundit's Tavern) the 28th. At Princeton the 5th and 6th of January. And at Tren- ton the 8th and 9th.
State Lottery Tickets may be had at the first mentioned places till the last of December.
JAMES CALDWELL.
November 30, 1778.
AT an Inferior Court of Common Pleas held for the County of Gloucester, on the 13th instant, were returned inquisitions (for joining the army of the King of Great- Britain, and other offences against the form of their allegiance) found against Andrew Jones, John Kelly, John Ingiish, Jonathan Fisher, jun, Benjamin Carter, Joshua Couzens, John Carter, jun, Joseph Pratt, Joseph Clark, William Devanport, Harrison Wells, Jonathan Fisher, Thomas Nightingale, Job Thomas, Jacob Clement, jun, William Ingland, jun. William Watson, Daniel Wells, Jonathan Chew, Isaac Lord, David Chew, David Suran, John Franklin, Silas Long, Joseph Long, William Bocock, John Rodrow, William Fusman, Jacob Hewit, James Hanesy, Alexander Bartram, Peter Johnson, George Avis, William Wells, Gabriel DeVeher, jun, Edward Eglinton, Asa Lord, Conrad Bowman, Robert Whitacre, William Pinyard, Josiah Biddle, John Cox, Philip Stout, Daniel
582 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [17TS
Couzens, John Gruff, Gabriel DeVeher, John O'Bryant, John Hiiichman, Jeremiah Prosser, John Robison, George Swanton, John Hatton, Northup Marpole, John Inglish, jim, Benjamin Duffil, James Duffil, Isaac Jus- tice; proclamation was made in open Court, and infor- mation given, that if they or any on their behalf, or any person interested would traverse, a trial should be awarded, and an opportunity of preventing forfeitures given: no traverses were offered: Therefore notice is hereby given, that if neither they nor any on their behalf, nor any person interested shall traverse at the next Court, to be held for the county of Gloucester, on the second Tuesday in December next, the inquisitions will be taken to be true, and final judgment entered thereon in favor of the State, and their personal estates will then be for- feited to the use of the State, and their lands taken into the hands of the Confmissioners until the Legislature shall further order therein respecting their lands. JOHN SPARKS.
Oct. 29, 1778.
Commissioners.
JOSEPH HUGG
STRAYED or stolen off the commons at Trenton, some time in October or November, a sorrel mare, with a blaze in her face, between three and four years old, scant four- teen hands high, trots and paces, long mane and tail. Whoever takes said mare and secures her, so that the owner may have her again, shall have Ten Dollars reward, and reasonable charges paid by the subscriber in Trenton.
JOS. CLUNN.
TWENTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED or stolen, from the subscriber at Trenton, on the night of November last, a dark brown Horse, about thirteen hands and an half high, one white hind foot, short switch tail, has a very high carriage, trots and
1778] .NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 583
canters. Whoever takes up and secures said horse, that the owner may have him again, shall receive the above reward, and all reasonable charges, paid by JOSIAII COJSTKLIJVG, living at Trenton. — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 53, December 9, 1778.
Last Saturday the court of over and terfniner ended at Gloucester, West Jersey, when the following prisoners received sentence of death for high treason, viz. Harrison Wells, Wm. Hammet, John Dilkes, Joshua Dilkes, Pat- terson Cook, Thomas Nightingale, Isaac Lord, David Lloyd, Gideon Urine, Abraham Fennemore, James Birch, Daniel Fusman, Charles Stringe, Lawrence Cox, John Franklin, Joseph Dill, and Joseph Pratt. Benjamin Bartholomew also received sentence of death for burglary. Friday, the 29th of January next, is appointed for the day of execution. — The Pennsylvania Evening Post, De- cember 9, 1778.
To BE SOLD by Public V endue,
On the 21st day of this instant, (if not sold before by private sale) by the subscriber, for cash or one year's credit, together or in lots as may best suit the purchaser,
TWELVE and a half acres of land, pleasantly situated on Salem road, near Mantua-creek-Bridge, in the town- ship of Deptford, county of Gloucester, and western divi- sion of New-Jersey, about twelve and a half miles below Cooper's Ferry, whereon are a handsome good two story brick house, kitchen, barn, a blacksmith's shop, and other out buildings, a young apple orchard, and a pump of good water at the door, conveniently situated either for a trades- man or shop keeper.
Also thirty acres- of woodland, (excepting four or five acres whereof being clear and in good fence) about half a mile from the aforesaid premises. Also five acres of good meadow ground, on Great Mantua Creek, within
584 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
about forty rods of the said premises. And also five acres of cedar swamp within about six miles thereof, and one from Delaware River. Attendance will be given by
LUCAS GIBBS.
TO BE SOLD,
A Very valuable tract of Land, situate on the Raritan River, twro miles from the tow7n of New Brunswick, in the state of New Jersey, commonly known by the name of the Island Farm ; containing about two thousand acres. There is a very large proportion of woodland to it, which renders it particularly valuable, as from its vicinity to the river, the conveyance of the same to the New York market will be attended with very little expence. The land is in general £0od, and seldom fails of producing good crops; its situation is remarkably high and healthy, commanding a most beautiful and extensive prospect from the place where the house stood, so much so, that the city of Amboy lies open to view. There is a large quantity of fresh and salt meadow, and much more may be made ; a fine thriving orchard, and sundry other improvements and advantages, which are unnecessary to enumerate, as the character of the farm is so well known and estab- lished. The tract was divided in the survey into three separate farms, on one of which are a house and barn, and some improvements, and will be sold together or separate, as may best suit the purchaser.
The dwelling-house, barn and outhouses having been destroyed by the enemy, and the Proprietors being obliged to reside at a distance from the farm, induce them to dis- pose of it. Those who are inclinable to view the premises, are requested to call on MR, JOHN DENNIS, in New Brunswick, and for the terms are desired to apply to THOMAS LAWRENCE, or JOHN LAWRENCE, jun. in Philadelphia, or to ANTHONY WHITE, Esq, now
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 585
residing at the Union Iron Works, in Sussex, in the state of Jersey.
As the Proprietors will not have occasion for the money, the purchaser may have any time for the payment of the same, on giving security and paying interest.
Philadelphia, Dec. 8. 1778. —The Pennsylvania Packet, December 10, 1778.
State of New-Jersey, Dec. 10, 1778. ON TUESDAY the fifteenth instant, will be sold by Public Vendue at Samuel Cooper's Ferry, the Prize Schooner GOOD INTENT, per inventory ; likewise some small guns, swivels, howitz, 6d and lOd nails, a few pieces of crocus, and thin linen fit for sleeve linings, furniture and other brushes, Epsom salts, saddlers tacks, china, silver, ebony, buck and bone handled knives and forks; mens and womens shoes, a number of ear-rings and neck- laces, watch and clock springs watch chrystals, watch- makers tools, and a variety of other articles, being part of the cargo of the Prize Ship VENUS,
JOHN STOKES, Marshal.
N. B. A few quarter chests of Hyson and Sonchong Teas; also a quantity of Salt of different kinds, Claret, Portugal and sundry other Wines. — The Pennsylvania Packet, December 12, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
One hundred and fifty-six acres of Woodland, in Glou- cester County, West New Jersey, adjoining a tract of land late the estate of Robert Strettle, deceased; For terms enquire of the subscriber in Philadelphia.
EDWAED PENINGTON. — The Pennsylvania Packet, December 15, 1778.
586 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
TO BE SOLD.
A FARM containing sixty acres, in the township of Amwell, adjoining Hopewell, occupied by John Allen: the whole cleared and under good fence, excepting about ten or twelve acres of choice timber land, reserved for the support of the farm. The land is very fertile, has on it a framed house with three rooms well finished, a barn, stables, barracks, &c. a bearing orchard of a hun- dred trees, about fourteen acres of good meadow. The land is smooth, lying a little to the sun, and watered with a brook running through it, and a spring before the door. Any person inclining to buy, may apply to the Rev. Abner Brush, residing in that neighbourhood, who will agree on reasonable terms, and give an indisputable title for the same.
JfBXER BRUSH.
!N". B. The subscriber expects to return in a few weeks to the State of ISTew York, and to sell within that time.
TWELVE DOLLARS REWARD.
STRAYED from tlie subscriber, four heifers, three of which are three years old, the other two years old; one of them is red with a white face, two are black or red pied, and the fourth is brindle, all marked with a half crop under the near ear and a slit in the off ear. Any person that informs the subscriber, or John Denton, at Princeton, Somerset county, New Jersey, where he may get said heifers again, shall have the above reward, or three dollars for any one or more of them, paid by
XEHEMIAH SMITH.
Princeton, Dec 7. 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTKACTS. 587
PUBLIC notice is hereby given to all persons who have in their custody or power, any goods or chattels, bonds, bills, mortgages, notes, books of accounts, or other instru- ments of writing, or who are indebted to the following fugitives and offenders, now with the enemy, viz. David Ogden, sen, David Ogden, jun, Uzal Ward, William Stiles, Nathaniel Williams, Thomas Bruen, Griff en Jenkins, Stephen Skinner, Benjamin. Booth, Joseph Kingsland, Robert Drummond, Lewis Greenfield, Stephen Farraiid, John Wheeler, Ebenezer Ward, jun, Isaac Longworth, jun, Isaac Ogden, Nicholas Ogden, Nathaniel Richards, Jonathan Sayres, Isaac Longworth, Thomas Longworth, John Vanwagner, Garrabrant Garrabrants, Jacob Brower, Garret Wouters, Caleb Sayres, Josiah Banks, Joseph Hallet, Peter Woods, Peter Brown, Benjamin Pierson, Richard Stanton, Richard Yates, Peter Mowrison, George Wells, Thomas Galbreath, Peter Clopper, Abraham Van Geson, jun, the Rev. Isaac Browne, Derick Schuyler, AVilliam Maxwell, Francis Batey, Nicholas Garrabrant, John White, William Brooks, James Colvin, Cornelius Brooks, Thomas Aston, Garret Jacobus, Isaac Kingsland, Henry Stager, Samuel Harrison, Peter Dubois, Aaron Pierson, Hugh Gaine, Isaac Stiles, Samuel Hudinot, Nicholas Hoffman, Dr. Uzal Johnson, John Courter, jun, and James Gray ; and shall neglect to make immediate dis- covery thereof to one or more of us the subscribers, Com- missioners for the County of Essex, may expect to be dealt with as the law in that case hath provided.
JOSEPH HEDDEIST, JILQ. ^
SAMUEL, HAYES. V Commissioners.
THOMAS CANFIELD. J
State of New-Jersey. Essex County, Dec. 9. 1778.
A VERY handsome CHARIOT to lie sold — Enquire of JOHN LANE, at the North-Branch of Raritan, New-Jersey. The price Four Hundred Pounds.
588 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
PHILADELPHIA December 3.
On Wednesday last Captain Stevens, in a privateer be- longing to Egg Harbour took the schooner Two Friends, Captain Sion, of 6 carriage and 12 swivel guns, with 22 men, belonging to New York.
TRENTON, DECEMBER 16.
The Courts of Over and Terminer and General Gaol Delivery for the County of Gloucester were opened at Gloucester on the 17th of November last, and ended on the 5th of this month. During the session Benjamin Bartholomew was convicted of Burglary, and Jonathan Chew, Harrison Wells, William Hammett, John Dilks, John Franklin, Joseph Prat, Joseph Dill, James Birch, Daniel Fusman, Abraham Fennimore, David Lloyd, Law- rence Cox, Gideon Urine, Joshua Dilks, Charles String, Thomas Nightingale, Paterson Cook, and Isaac Lord, were convicted of High Treason. On Saturday se'nnight sen- tence of death passed against the above offenders.
In a New York paper of Dec 2,1 Brigadier General Browne, (having sailed for his government with a number of troops) gives an invitation to all gentlemen refugees and others who are inclined to settle on any of his Majesty's Bahama Islands, and offers every encourage- ment to those who are desirous to retire thither during the rebellion.
We are assured that many of those deluded wretches are about to embrace the offer.
1 This offer attracted attention from many towns in New Jersey, par- ticularly those in the eastern division of the State.
1YT8] NEWSPAPER EXTEACTS. 580
We hear that the Legislature of this State have ordered a genteel sword to be presented to Captain Nathaniel FITZ RANDOLPH, of Woodbridge, in consideration of his merit and services.
CALEB CAMP, Esq. is elected Speaker of the House of Assembly of this State, in the room of John Hart, Esq. detained from publick business by sickness.
The Council and Assembly in joint-meeting have appointed the Honourable John Witherspoon, Nathaniel Scudder, John Fell, Frederick Frelinghuysen, and Elias Dayton, Esqrs, delegates in Congress, for the ensuing year. — The Honourable John Imlay, Esq. Judge of the Court of Admiralty; Joseph Bloomfield, Esq. Register, and Joseph Potts, Esq. Marshall, Jonathan Deare, Esq. Collector of the Customs in the Eastern district; Capt. Nathaniel Fitz Randolph, Esq. Naval officer. Samuel Deck, Esq. Collector of the Customs in the Western dis- trict; Thomas Sinnickson, Esq. Naval officer. Elisha Boudinot, Esq. Commissary of Prisoners for this State.
It is reported that the Britons and tories intend shortly to make an excursion from New York to Shrewsbury: but as their late disaster on the plains of Monmouth must still be recent in their memory, and as a considerable part of the American army is now in this State, under the immediate direction of the Commander in Chief, we pre- sume there is little danger — Yet it has been deemed proper to be prepared, and with this view, we are told an order has been issued to drive off the cattle from their neigh- bourhood, where it is most probable the enemy may at- tempt to land.
The inconveniences attending the usual mode of taking in or collecting subscriptions for a newspaper, especially in times of publick commotion like the present, have in- duced the Publisher of the New Jersey Gazette, upon con- sideration, to alter the plan upon which he proposed to proceed the ensuing year when the advertisement in num-
590 XEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
ber 51 and 52 was given to the publick. To avoid the necessity of opening accounts against the individual sub- scribers, and the difficulties attending the settlement of numerous arrearages of small sums, he means to pursue the following plain and easy expedient, which will be more certain and cheap to his kind Customer and less embarrassing to himself.
Every Gentleman who will become a subscriber for twelve papers shall receive two more for his trouble, and so in proportion for a greater number.
The subscription-money to be paid to the Publisher by the persons engaged for the papers at or before the expira- tion of each quarter; and, to enable those to be punctual in making their remittances, the individuals who compose each packet are expected to pay by quarterly advance.
The several persons who become Subscribers to the Pub- lisher, will find a proper mode of keeping accounts with those whom they engage for, exemplified in the accounts for the preceding year, which will shortly be sent with the several packets.
The Publisher will be obliged to the several Gentlemen who collected subscriptions for him the preceding year to continue their kind offices for the ensuing on the plan now proposed.
If this mode can be carried into practice, the Publisher agrees to lower the price of the Gazette to a Dollar and an Half by the quarter.
It is hoped the above will meet the approbation of the Publick as being more advantageous in every respect than the other plan of publication. 'By this means the Paper may be carried on without loss, and useful knowledge highly interesting to all.
As it is of importance to know what preparation ought to be made, and the number of papers which will probably be wanted, it is earnestly requested that all practicable dis- patch may be used in sending in the subscriptions agree- ably to the above plan by the first of January next.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 591
The Publisher returns his acknowledgments to the Pub- lick for the encouragement hitherto given, in this arduous undertaking ; and he flatters himself that, with their fur- ther assistance, the Plan which he now wishes to prosecute can be readily carried into execution, which, as it will take less time, will enable him to bestow more pains in collecting the most interesting and entertaining Matter for the benefit and amusement of his Readers.
ISAAC COLLINS.
On SATURDAY next, the 19th inst December will be sold at the Vendue Store where the subscriber now lives, opposite Capt. Clunn's in Trenton
A VARIETY OF MERCHANDIZE. Amongst which are
A large assortment of linens and checks : Also HOUSE- HOLD FURNITURE, amongst which are several feather beds, a desk, two dining tables, and many other articles. Like- wise two milch cows, one young horse and some hay. Likewise for private sale, an exceeding handsome RIDING CHAIR.
FRANCIS WITT.
N B Wanted at said store a quantity of FLAX SEED. — Hard cash will be given for a quantity of good WHEAT.
TO BE SOLD BY THE SUBSCRIBER, in the
Lane opposite the College in PRINCETON, SNUFF in blad- ders or smaller quantity, needles by the thousand, imported salt at seven pounds a bushel, almanacks for the year 1779, l>y the gross or dozen, as low as may be purchased at the printers, and the high Dutch almanacks1 by the dozen or
1 These almanacs were extensively sold among the Dutch plantation owners of the Raritan valley, the Dutch language being extensively spoken and written in that section of the State during the Revolution.
592 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
single, writing paper, sewing silks of various colours, and sundry other articles.
JOHN DENTON. Princeton, Dec 17. 1778
THE subscriber will give the highest price for all the merchantable CYDER that is delivered at his stone-ware potting manufactory at Trenton, for two weeks from this date.
BERNARD HANLEN.
Dec 16th, 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
At the forks of Little-Egg-Harbour River, in Gloucester county, State of New Jersey, THE premises whereon the subscriber now liv^s, with all the buildings and improve- ments thereon, to wit, a saw-mill and grist-mill, both re- markable for going fast, and supplied with a never failing stream of water. The mills are within a mile and a quarter of a landing to which vessels of seventy or eighty tons burthen can come; Scows that carry seven or eight thou- sand feet of boards can go loaded from the mill tail. There is a sufficient quantity of pine and cedar timber to supply the saw-mill for a great number of years, and also a great quantity of cedar fit for rails, near the water side, which may be easily exported to those parts of the country where they will sell to a great advantage. There is also on the premises a dwelling-house that will accommodate a large family, also a barn, stables and out-houses, a number of houses for workmen and tradesmen, also wet and dry good- stores, and indeed every building necessary to render a place convenient for carrying on business and trade exten- sively. Any person inclining to purchase- may be further informed by applying to the subscriber, at the place afore- said.
ELIJAH CLARK.
Dec. 14th, 1778.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 593
THIS is to give notice, that there has been judgment entered the last court against Thomas Milliage, Stephen Skinner, Anthony Hollenhead, John Troop, John Steward, Ezekiel Beach, Joseph Conliff, Hugh Gaine, John Boyls, John Thorborn, Asher Dunham, William Deaman, Philip Van Cortland, Jacob Hilor, Humphrey Devanport, William Howard, George Beattee, Jacob Demarest, Isaac Hornbeck, John Bowlsby, Edward Bowlsby, Charles Bowlsby, Richard Bowlsby, Thomas Husk, Lawrence Buskirk, Samuel Ryer- son, and Nicholas Vurlandt, as the law directs for their having joined the enemy, against their country: and all persons that have any demands against any of their estates, are desired to meet and make it appear at the house of Matthias Burnet, Esq, in Hanover, on the second Wednes- day in January next, at ten o'clock A M. that it may be settled; and all persons indebted, are desired to pay the money as soon as possible, or have any of their effects, to deliver them up to the Commissioners, or they may depend upon being dealt with as the law directs.
ALEX CARMICHAEL. ) ,
> Commissioners.
AARON KITCHEL )
Morris-County, Dec 7. 1778.
TO BE SOLD,
BY THE SUBSCRIBER, TWO very good brick dwelling- houses and lots of ground, situate in the town of Salem, between the church and court-house. The lots contain 75 feet front and about 300 feet depth. The dwelling-houses were both put in very good repair lately. On the prem- ises is an excellent garden well planted with fruit and fenced in with cedar, and other conveniences. The situa- tion is as good as any in the town, and will either suit a gentleman of fortune or may be divided into two con- venient lots so as to suit a couple of families. Also about eight acres of excellent meadow within a quarter
38
594 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
of a mile of the town, very capable of improvement, will be sold together with the above premises. The reason of sale is that the subscriber is going soon to remove his family to Burlington. For particulars enquire of
JOHN CAREY.
Piles-Grove, Salem County, Dec 2nd, 1778.
PETER HULICK,
STAY-MAKER, in TRENTON, from NEW YORK, BEGS leave
to acquaint the Ladies of this town and the country in general, that he makes on the shortest notice, stays of all kinds, turned, plain, pack thread, and straw cut, after the newest, neatest, and most fashionable manner, either French or English; likewise growing Misses to give and preserve* a shape truly perfect. Those Ladies who please to favour him with their employment shall find him ever ready to serve them to the utmost of his ability, with integrity, gratitude and dispatch. He returns his grateful acknowledgements to those Ladies who have already favoured him with their custom, and assures them that it shall be his chief study to merit theirs and the public's esteem.
P. S. Ladies may be served at the greatest distance, by sending the length before and the width of the top and bottom of their waist.
New Jersey, ) AT an Inferior court of Common Pleas Essex county, j held for the county of Essex, on the 15th day of September last, Were returned inquisitions for joining the army of the King of Great Britain, and other treasonable practices found against Cavilear Jewit, Ichbod Best Barnet, William Luce, John Smith Hetfield, Job Hetfield, Abel Hetfield, Broughton Rhynolds, Richard Miller, John Willis, Jacob Tooker, James Hetfield, James Frazee, Samuel Oliver, jun, James Moore, Jonathan Oliver, Samuel Smith, John Stites, jun, Daniel Moore,
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 595
John Morse, Isaac Stanbury, Thomas Burrows, and John Folker; of which proclamation was made at said Court, that if they, or any on their behalf, or any persons in- terested would appear and traverse, a trial should be awarded; but no traverses were offered: Therefore 'No- tice is hereby given, That if neither they, nor any in their behalf, nor any interested, shall appear and traverse at the next Court to be held for the said county, the in- quisitions will then be taken to be true, and final judg- ment entered thereon in favour of the state.
JOHN CLAWSON, Commissioner. Elizabeth-town, Nov. 14, 1778.
160 DOLLARS Reward.
BROKE out of gaol on the third day of this inst. Richard Haden, committed for being concerned with counterfeit money, and carrying on correspondence with the enemy: and Joseph Ward, committed for stealing: and one John Willis, also committed for stealing. They all broke out together. Whoever will take up and deliver to me, or at the gaol of this county, said Haden, shall receive One Hundred Dollars, and for either of the others Thirty Dollars each, from me.
ALEX CARMICHAEL, Sheriff.
Morris county, Dec 7. 1778.
RICHARD NORRIS,
STAY-MAKER, from LONDON, BEGS leave to inform the Public, that he makes all sorts of stays and jumps, turned and plain, French and Mecklenburgh, after the newest and neatest fashion. He prevents by a new and approved method, the appearance of any cast or rise in the hips or shoulders, or other defect in the shape of the body,
596 NEW JERSEY IN THE EEVOLUTIOX. [1778
which method has been established by the society of stay- makers of the city of London. Ladies that reside at any distance, by sending their measure, may be supplied on the shortest notice and at as reasonable price as the times will afford. — He returns his sincere thanks to those Ladies who have already favoured him with their custom, and intreats a continuance of it, and their kind recommendation, which he will make it his study to merit. N. B. He now resides opposite Mr. Stacy Pott's in Trenton.
All persons who have just demands against the estate of Thomas Folkes, late of the Township of Nottingham, Burlington County, deceased, are requested to bring them in that they may be discharged; and those that are in- debted to said estate, are desired to discharge the same,
Tho. Thorn, execut.
Chesterfield, Dec 5, 1778. • — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 54, December 16, 177 s.
SIXTEEN DOLLARS REWARD.
Ran Away the 6th inst (December) from the sub- scriber, living in Hopewell, Cumberland county, New- Jersey, a likely country-born Negro lad named FRANK, about sixteen years of age, and slim made; had on when he went away, a light coloured cloth vest with cuffs to the sleeves, and the under part of the sleeves darker than the rest; a dark coloured flannel under vest, mixed coloured cloth breeches, new blue stockings, and a white flannel shirt : Also took with him, a striped camblet vest, a pair of old cloth breeches, one white flannel and one linen shirt, one pair 'of black and white and one pair of blue yarn stockings. Whoever takes up and secures the aforesaid Negro so that the subscriber may have him again, shall receive the above reward.
SARAH RAMSAY.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTEACTS. 597
AT PRIVATE SALE, BY THE SUBSCRIBERS,
That Farm and Tract of Land called Mount Penn, in Monmouth county,1 East-Jersey, fronting on the sea, dis- tant from Philadelphia fifty odd miles, containing 1200 acres in two improvements, the one having a neat frame •dwelling-house and a cellar under the same, with a well of water at the door, 30 odd acres upland cleared, and as much more ready for the plow at a small expence, about 400 natural and grafted young thriving apples trees in two orchards, 45 or 50 acres of swamp and low- land lately cleared, the greatest part in fresh meadow, which premises are as fruitful for timothy grass, red and white clover, as any in the province; the salt marsh is extensive and high, and will keep a remarkable large stock of cattle, the situation of the dwelling house affords a prospect of Little Egg Harbour Inlet, where the ship- ping coming in from sea ride at an anchor, with an exten- sive view of the shipping plying to the Northward and Southward, together with a sight of all the cattle on the salt marshes. The salt marsh is supplied with fresh water and laid out by ditches, that part may be pastured, the other for mowing, which can be changed annually at con- veniency; the great road from Cape May to Shrewsbury runs thro' it within fifty yards of the dwelling. This situation will suit a tavern-keeper, store-keeper, blacksmith, or a company of Philadelphia merchants, in order to expe- dite their sea trade. The other improvement is a small log dwelling-house, and a young bearing orchard of apple and peach trees. On the North end of the Tract is a con- siderable body of cedar swamp, suitable for the necessity of the present time, and is about four miles from a land-
1 Now Ocean.
598 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1TTS
ing. There is a stone quarry on the premises. One other tract of marsh, joining the above, containing by estima- tion, 103 acres, equalled by few lots of salt marsh, a brook of fresh water bounding it on the West side, and is situate on the Head of the Tide in Burlington county, West- Jersey, together with some other lots of salt marsh and rough upland. These lands are near the Friends Meeting- house of Little Egg-Harbour, and about five miles from the Baptist Meeting house of Mannahocking. Before the present troubles in the neighbourhood of these lands, the markets for beef and pork was as good as at Philadelphia. The situation is healthy, and is near the East Plains l that abounds in the autumn with gentlemens game; besides there is no scarcity of wild deer. It is very convenient for carrying on a whale fishery, as at times during the winter and spring, s^warms of those profitable fish are seen on the coast. Many of the inhabitants in the neighbour- hood of these lands are respectable. Titles as good as any in the Jerseys will be given. Any person desirous- of purchasing may know the terms by applying to JAMES FREELAND, at the Friends Meeting house of Little Egg-harbour, or JOHN DOMELL, at the house of Mr. Jacob Naglee, near Vine in Second street, or at his shop at Mr. JOSIAH COATS'S hatter, a few doors below the Church, in Second-street, Philadelphia. Also to be sold, a small share of property in East-Jersey, having some oak and pine land due on it Enquire as above.
Wanted, a quantity of refined or unrefined SALT PETRE : A good price will be given. Such as may have this article for sale may apply to JOHJST WILLSO^N", on the north side of Market-street, and opposite the Meal
Market.
1 Or "Barrens."
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 599
Mount Roily, 10th of 12th month, 1778. All persons indebted to the estate of HENRY PAX- SON, Esq, deceased, by bond, note, or other accompts, are desired to pay them off before the 23d day of this instant; and those having any demands against said es- tate, are notified to meet at Mount-Holly, at the house of Zachariah Eossell, on the 23d and 24th of this instant, and are requested to bring in their aocompts, properly attested, in order to receive the money due to them; at which time and place due attendance will be given by EDWARD BLACK ) JONAH WOOLMAN '
To be SOLD by public Vendue,
On the premises, on Tuesday the 22d instant (Decem- ber) if not before disposed of by private sale,
A Valuable Plantation, on which the subscriber now lives, containing 253 acres of land, situate in Greenwich township, in the county of Gloucester, in West-New-Jersey, 60 acres of which is cleared upland, of a fertile quality, 85 acres of meadow ground, of which are 10 acres fit to mow, and 15 acres already ditched, the tide being entirely shut out from the whole; likewise a young orchard of grafted fruit trees: There are on the premises a two story dwelling house and kitchen, with a pump of good water at the door, and a good barn, distant from a landing one mile, from the river one mile and a half, about twelve miles from the city of Philadelphia, and about two miles and a half from the great road to Salem. The terms of sale will be immediate payment.
RICHARD GIBBS. — The Pennsylvania Packet, December 17, 1778.
New- York, December 19. By late accounts from New- Jersey, we are informed, that General Washington's Head-
COO NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Quarters were at Mrs. Wallaces, about 12 Miles from Brunswick; the Earl of Stirling's, at Convivial-Hill, a Seat of Philip Van Home, Esq, about 7 Miles from Bruns- wick; Major-General Green's, at Mr. Van Vechten's, on the Raritan River; Brigadier General Knox's, with the Artillery, at Col. M'Donald's, at Pluckamin, about 18 Miles from Brunswick; with these four General Officers there are about seven and twenty hundred Rebels ; Briga- dier General Maxwell commands at Elizabeth Town with his Brigade consisting of about 800 Militia, cantoned be- tween Elizabeth Town and Newark; Col. Stephen Moy- land is marched with his Dragoons, 'tis said, to Lancaster Pennsylvania. A southern Brigade, commanded by a Colonel Woodford, lately consisting of nine hundred Rank and File, we are informed, are now reduced by Desertion to five hundred.
December 21. Yesterday Week, a Sloop with a white Bottom was seen overset about five Leagues from Sandy- Hook, and 'tis supposed every Soul perished that was on board: 'Tis said she appeared to be outward bound. — New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, December 21, 1778.
Mount-Holly, 10th of 12th month, 1778. All persons indebted to the estate of HENRY PAX- SON, Esq, deceased, by bond, note or other accompts, are desired to pay them off before the 23d day of this instant ; and those having any demands against said estate are noti- fied to meet at Mount-Holly, at the house of Zachariah Rossell, on the 23d and 24th of this instant, and are requested to bring in their accompts, properly attested, in order to receive the money due to them; at which time and place due attendance will be given by
EDWARD BLACK \ JONAH WOOLMAN ) — The Pennsylvania Packet, December 22, 1778.
177S| NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 601
TRENTON, DECEMBER 23.
In GENERAL ASSEMBLY of the State of New Jersey, December 12, 17TS.
WHEREAS there are sundry of the counties of this State unimproved and untenanted tracts or parcels of lands, the owners or proprietors of which are inhabitants of some of the other United States :
Resolved, That notice be given in the New Jersey Gazette to the owners or proprietors of such lands, that the same are by law made subject to a tax in like manner as other lands of equal quality the owners or proprietors of which are inhabitants of this state, in order that they may take proper measures for having the tax assessed on them discharged ; and that the several Printers of News- Papers throughout the United States be desired to publish this for the information of all concerned.
Extracts from the Journals.
jos BLOOMFIELD, Clerk of Assembly.
Departed this life, on Saturday the 14th of ]STov. last, the worthy and much lamented Mr. HENRY GREEN, of Shrewsbury, in the 49th year of his age; and the second day following his remains were decently interred in his own burying ground, mournfully attended by a large number of his acquaintances.
It is with pleasure we can inform the publick, that of a thousand sick and wounded, admitted into the General Hospital at this place, since the departure of our army from the valley forge, only forty-three have died, and not above fifty (convalescents and inoculated patients) remain in charge of the surgeons.
MARRIED, on Tuesday se'nnight, in this place, CHARLES SIMMS. Esq. Lieutenant-Colonel of the second Virginia regiment, to the truly amiable Miss NANCY DOUGLASS, daughter of Mr. WILLIAM DOUGLASS, late of the City of New York.
602 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
Also married last Thursday evening, at Fair View near Bristol, Pennsylvania, JOSEPH BLOOMFIELD, Esq. Major of the third !N"ew Jersey regiment,1 to Miss POLLY M'ILVAINE, a young lady of merit and fortune.
On Saturday last the gallant Major LEE, with his corps of Light Dragoons, passed through this place from camp, on his way to Burlington, to go into winter quarters.
The Eastern Post was not arrived when this paper went to press.
The Thanksgiving day being fixed on Wednesday next, the publication^ of this Paper will be postponed till Thursday."
Wanted by the Printer hereof, Two Journey men. They will be exempted from actual service in the militia, and receive handsome wages.
On SATURDAY next, the 26th, inst, December, will be sold at the house of the subscriber, opposite the Church in Trenton, An assortment of MERCHANDIZE, HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE, amongst which are feather beds, a desk and dining table, also wearing apparel.
JACOB BENJAMIN.
!N". B. He proposes to hold the vendue every Saturday at his dwelling-house abovementioned.
ON THURSDAY,
The 31st day of this instant, at 10 o'clock in the fore- noon, will be sold at publick Vendue, at the house of Col Richard Wescott, at the Forks of Little Egg-Harbour,
1 Subsequently Governor of New Jersey.
2 The first suspension of the publication of a New Jersey newspaper in. recognition of a legal holiday.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 603
THE Privateer Schooner Friends (lately captured by Capt David Stevens) per inventory to be seen at the day of sale.
By order of the Court of Admiralty.
JOSEPH POTTS, Marshall.
X. B. At the same time and place will be sold, the Privateer Sloop Chance (which lately took the ship Venus) per inventory to be then seen, being compleately fitted and now ready for a cruize.
JOSEPH MILNOR,
Has for SALE at his STORE in TRENTON, Wholesale or Retail, the following Articles:
MADERIA wine, French brandy, old spirit, West India rum, tea, coffee, sugar, alspice, sweet oil in flasks, snuff, tobacco, rosin, allum, 20d, lOd, and 6d nails, shingles, pine and cedar boards, bar iron : a large quantity of linens, handkerchiefs of different kinds, earthen ware, imported salt, and sundry other articles.
TO BE SOLD, by FRANCIS WITT,
Opposite Captain CLUNN'S, in Trenton, LINENS, checks, cambricks, muslin, tea, coffee, pepper, alspice, hard soap, indigo, snuff, shoes, shoe and knee buckles, ribbands, coat and vest buttons, decanters, pint tumblers, China dishes: Also a bark to make excellent bitters or cordials.
604
NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION.
[1778
OGDEN AND CUETIS,
Have for SALE at tlieir STORE near the Courthouse in Morristown,
RUM and whisky,
Sugar,
Hyson and bohea tea, ' t Indigo, t Brimstone, t Snuff,
t Plug & pigtail tobacco, t Castile soap, t Blacking ball, t Ginger
Pepper, alspice & rosin t Imported & shore1 salt,
Gun powder, t Chalk, f Cloths,
Buckram,
Linen and cambrick,
Pistol lawn, t Bombazene,
Black taffety
Black ell Persian,
Velvet,
Shalloon,
Threads and ribbans, f Sewing silk,
Pins,
t Needles,
Cap wire,
t Fine ivory and horn Combs, t Spectacles,
Scissars and razors, t Ink powder, f Writing paper,
Brass ink stands
Sealing wax t Paste boards f Pocket books,
Bed cords,
Leading lines,
t Family and pocket almanacks, t Testaments, t Spelling books, t Primers,
t Baxter's saints rest, t Blank books of all sizes,
Carpenter's hammers,
Gimblets,
Tap borers,
Brass cocks, t Corks,
Philadel earthen ware, t Iron potts & kettles, &c.
~N. B. The articles thus marked f they have by the quantity.
TO THE PTJBLICK,
THE PAPER-MILL at Trenton being now nearly corn- pleated, the subscribers think it necessary to inform the inhabitants of New Jersey thereof, that they may save their RAGS for the purpose of making PAPER. — The very great scarcity of that useful article must point out to every considerate person the necessity of saving every
1 "Shore" salt was such as was made on the New Jersey coast.
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 605
shred of linen and cotton. — They would particularly ad- dress themselves to the GOOD WOMEN of this and the neigh- bouring State, but they are sensible that their prudence will dictate to them so good a measure.
The highest price will be given for any quantity de- livered at their respective dwelling houses, or at the paper mill; and also by any 'of the following persons, viz. William C divert, in Mount-Holly; Edward Brooks, junr or Thomas Watson, jun, in Bordentown ; John Denton, in Princeton : and Richard Leedom, in Bucks county, Penn- sylvania.
STACY POTTS,, JOHN REYNOLDS.
100 AND .FIFTY DOLLARS REWARD.
STOLEN from the subscriber near New-Brunswick, the 17th instant, a brown MARE, three years old past, trots and canters : she has a small star on her forehead, branded with the letters I V. L., shod before, and is about 14 hands and a half high. The above reward will be given for the Mare and Thief, so that the thief may be brought to Justice, and Fifty Dollars for the mare only, and all reasonable charges, paid by me Johannes Van Lewe of Somerset county, near New Brunswick.
THE subscriber being under the necessity at this time to request all those indebted to him, to make immediate payment, (or at least before the 1st Feb. next) at which time the subscriber would willingly discharge the debts due from him, and hopes his customers will so far comply as to enable him so to do.
ABRAHAM SKIRM.
N. B. A Journeyman Fuller is wanted, to whom good encouragement will be given by the subscriber. Nottingham, Nov. 30, 1778.
606 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
FOR SALE.
A Commodious FARM, about 60 acres, agreeably situated on a publick road between Chatham and Morristown, with plenty of orchard and meadow land. Apply to the sub- scriber near Bottle-hill,
JOHN EAMSAY.
The purchaser by paying one half or a third of the value, may have what time that best suits to pay the balance.
A DAY or two after the excursion of the enemy to Westfield. in July 1777. a new Pleasure Sleigh was left in Woodbridge by some of their plundering party, and is supposed to have been taken from some inhabitant in or near Westfield. — The owner of said sleigh is desired to apply to the subscriber, prove his property, and take it away, otherwise it will be delivered to sell for the benefit of this state.
MOOTRY KINSEY.
Woodbridge, Dec 16. 1778
WAS found on the 21st or 22d of June last, near the Baptist Meeting-house in Bordentown, a Portmanteau: The owner, by proving his property and paying charges, may have it again by applying to SARAH CHADWICK in Bordentown.
WANTED immediately TWO JOURNEYMEN FULLERS, who will have good encouragement, and be exempted from military duty, by applying to WILLIAM DENNISTON, near Morristown, .East Jersey. Dec 12. 1778
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 607
TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:
State of New Jersey, ss.
NOTICE is hereby given that a Court of Admiralty will be held at the house of Gilbert Barton, Innholder, in Allentown, in the county of Monmouth, on Tuesday the 12th day of January next, at 10 of the clock in the forenoon, then and there to try the truth of the facts alleged in the bills of Yelverton Taylor, (who as well &c) against the schooner or vessel called the Good Intent, lately commanded by John Rosely:- against the schooner or vessel called the Fame, lately commanded by Francis Coffin — Of John Leake (who as well, &c) against the schooner or vessel called Fortune, lately commanded by Garret Beekman — Of Moses Griffin, (who as well, &c) against the schooner or vessel called the Rambler, lately commanded by Bayne Smallwood — Of Seth Johnson, (who as well, &c, ) against the sloop or vessel called the Charming Polly, lately commanded by Ebenezer Ward — Of David Stevens, (who as well, &c,) against the schooner or vessel called the Friends, lately commanded by James Conn — Of Nathaniel Fitz Randolph, (who as well, &c) against the sloop or vessel lately commanded by Richard Read- ing,— Of John Neilson, (who as well, &c) against the sloop or vessel lately commanded by Thomas Crowell, jun, with their respective tackle, apparel, furniture and cargoes : To the end and intent that the owner or owners of the said vessels respectively, or any person or persons con- cerned therein, may appear and shew cause, if any they have, why the said vessels and their respective tackle, apparel, furniture and cargoes should not be condemned according to the prayer of the said bills. By order of the Judge.
JOSEPH BLOOMFIELD, Register.
608 XEW JERSEY IN" THE REVOLUTION. [IT'S
A Very handsome Chariot to be sold. — Enquire of John Lane, at the North Branch of Raritan, New-Jersey. The price Four Hundred Pounds. — New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 55, December 23, 17 78.
WANTED IMMEDIATELY
TWO JOURNEYMEN FULLERS, who will have good encouragement and be exempted from military duty by applying to WILLIAM DENNISTON, near Morris- Town, East-Jersey. — The Pennsylvania Packet, December 26, 1778.
Burlington, Dec. 16, 1778.
'
The subscriber begs leave to hint to his friends and employers that having felt the inadequacy of the price he has hitherto charged, to the continual rise of every article of consumption in a family, finds himself under a neces- sity to raise his price, for the BOARD and EDUCATION of YOUTH, to thirty-six pounds per quarter; or six pounds ten shillings (the former price) to be paid in shop goods or country produce; for which he is willing to allow twenty pounds per cent, more than the price such goods or produce were at in the year 1774. The latter proposal is hinted purposely to prevent the charge of intentional exorbitancy ; and he .doubts not but every one, who will be kind enough to calculate, will find the above mentioned price still short of a just proportion. His employers may depend on the personal attendance and assiduous endeavors of their friend, &c.
THOMAS POWELL. — The* Pennsylvania Evening Post, December 28, 1778.-
1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 609
From the London Gazette. September 16.
Admiralty Office, Sept. 13, 1778.
Captain Venture, of the Hannah armed Vessel, arrived this Day with Dispatches from the Lord Viscount Howe, Commander in Chief of his Majesty's Ships in North America, to Mr. Stephens; of which the following are extracts :
Eagle, at Sandy Hook, July 18, 1778.
The enemy continue in the same situation, as mentioned in my Letter of the llth inst. The position they have taken has enabled them to intercept about nine or ten mostly small trading vessels bound to this port: together with the York armed Sloop, and one of the bomb tenders of the squadron.
I understand that the Packet, which -sailed from Eng- land in May, has been taken by an armed Brig mounting 14 guns, and carried into New-London.
Eagle, Sandy Hook, July 26, 1778.
By this opportunity you will receive the farther reports of my proceedings, sent subsequent to the 6th instant, (the date of my first Letter) by the Grantham Packet, and a later Conveyance.
I have now to add, That on the 22d in the Morning the Enemy weighed and stood from before this Port to the Southward, with the Wind to the Eastward, followed by the Advice Boats which I had stationed without them. They were left, on the 23d in the Morning, in Latitude of the Delaware, and about 30 Leagues from the Land, steering by the Wind at East, on the Larboard Tack.
The Weather having been very favourable the last three Days for prosecuting an attempt to force the Entrance of this Port, and the Toulon Squadron not appearing on this Part of the Coast, I conclude the French Commander
89
610 NEW JERSEY IN THE REVOLUTION. [1778
has desisted from the purpose he is reported to have de- clared to that Effect.
On the 25th inst. the Dispatch, sent for Halifax the 10th, returned with Letters from Captain Fielding of the 19th.
Captain Fielding on the most laudable motives, ordered away the Centurion and Raisonable from that Station, to strengthen the Squadron here, as soon as he heard of the appearance of the enemy on this coast : The two ships are not yet arrived, but from the last observed position of the French squadron, and Easterly Winds since pre- vailing, I flatter myself they will escape to the Northward of the Enemy, and may daily be expected at the Hook.
The Renown, which had been appointed to conduct the West India Convoy, came in here from Antigua, the same Evening, with the Dispatch.
Eagle, Sandy Hook, July 31, 1778.
No opportunity for sending off the Dispatches you will receive herewith having earlier offered, I am enabled, in addition thereto, to acquaint you, for the Information of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, that the Raisonable joined me here the 28th, and the Centurion, with the Cornwall, Yesterday.
Captain Edwards parted Company from the Squadron with Vice Admiral Byron in a sudden and hard Gust of Wind the 3d instant, in Latitude 48.53 and Longitude 31.16.
No Intelligence having been since received of the Vice Admiral, I am preparing to put immediately to sea, with the force collected at this port, in quest of the French squadron, supposed, when last seen on the 28th, to be steering for Rhode Island.
— New York Gazette and Weekly Mercury, December 28, 1778.
NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. 611
TRENTON, DECEMBER 31.
"The 3d inst. at Totowa, Bergen county, departed this life, JANE the consort of JOHN BYVANCK, late merchant of New York, leaving behind her three small children — In her life she exhibited conjugal affection, maternal ten- derness, disinterested benevolence and friendship: and died, as she lived, in charity with mankind, and full reliance on the merits of her dear Redeemer."
A few TIERCES of the best WEST INDIA COTTON", To be SOLD very CHEAP, by JOHN REYNOLDS, in TRENTON. Also a neat RIDING-CHAIR, with good HARNESS.
NOTICE is hereby given that there has been judgment entered at the last Court of Common Pleas, held for the county of Somerset and State of New Jersey, against Richard Cochran, Joseph Stockton and Charles Roberts, agreeable to the directions of an act of the General As- sembly, in that case made and provided: all persons who have and claim, interest, or demand to, in, or against the said estates, to appear with their respective accounts, vouchers and evidences at the house of Henry Harrison, inn keeper, at Rocky-Hill, to make good the same, on Monday the 15th day of February next, where attendance will be given from ten o'clock in the forenoon till five in the afternoon — And all persons indebted to said estates, are desired to pay off the same as soon as possible; and all those who have any goods, chattels and effects, bonds, bills, notes, books of accounts or other writing, are desired to deliver them immediately to me or some one of the Commissioners, or they must expect to be proceeded against as the law directs.
JACOB BERGEN.
Commissioner. Dec. 21, 1778.
612 NEW JERSEY IX THE REVOLUTION. [1778
30 DOLLARS REWARD.
RANAWAY from Benjamin Vancleave's Esq. in Maiden- head, the 26th instant, (Dec) a Negro WENCH named Dinah, 28 or 30 years of age, five feet six or seven inches high, black and very lusty. She was lately bought of Parson Van Arsdall at Springfield, and lived formerly at Rocky-Hill, and hath a brother living with Colonel Scudder, in Freehold, and its likely is gone there. Any person apprehending said wench and applying to Mr. Phillips, innkeeper, in Maidenhead, shall be entitled to the above reward and reasonable charges, paid by
WILLIAM CRAB.
ON the 20th . of November last a certain person who called himself Daniel Nucom, and said he was a drover, and lived in Pennsylvania, sold a bull to the subscriber as his property : and about two weeks after Samuel Rusk came for the said bull, which he proved to be his own: This is therefore to warn the publick of the imposter. He is a short well set fellow, about 35 years old, and speaks a little broad: He had on a light-coloured coat, swan- skin jacket, leather breeches, half -leg boots, and scolloped hat : he rode a sorrel horse, with a white mane and tail, and one wall-eye. Any person taking up said Nucom, and securing him so that he may be brought to justice, shall have FORTY DOLLARS reward, paid by,
JOSHUA STOUT.
Hopewell, Dec 20.
ALL Persons indebted to the estate of James Jackson, jun of Upper Freehold, in the county of Monmouth, deceased, on bond, bill or book debt, are requested to make immediate payment: And all those that have any demands against said estate, are once more earnestly re-
.1778] NEWSPAPER EXTRACTS. . 613
quested to bring their accounts properly attested, within three weeks after the date hereof, in order to receive their just dues, and enable the subscriber to make up his ac- counts with the legaties,
EDMUND BEAKES, Admin. December 30, 1778. —New-Jersey Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 56, Dec. 31, 1778.
INDEX
(615)
INDEX.
A.
A. B. : contribution by. 126.
Abbots (Abet) : Timothy, 369, 383.
Abbott : Abdon, 470.
Abbott : John, 360.
Abel : William. 479.
Abercrombie (Abercromby), 274, 371.
Absconders, 438.
Absequean river, 6.
Academy at Elizabethtown, 229. — Of Newark, 22. — At Orange, 152.
"Achilles." 389.
Ackerson : John, 529.
Acquackanonk, 462, 579.
Acts, 66 (n.), 166, 178, 189, 194, 232, 234, 282, 312, 347, 352, 387. 448, 479, 516, 529, 552. — Appointing committee to collect public ac- counts, 312. — Authorize and em- power the delegates of New Jersey in Congress, and to in- scribe and ratify articles of con- federation, 553. 559. — Encourage manufacture of beet sugar, 312 (n.). — Exempting men from mil- itary duty, 233 (n.). — Explain the law and constitution of New Jersey, 111. — Free and general pardon, 86. — Granting a bounty on wool, flax and hemp, 74 (n.). — Granting passes to enemy's lines, 332. — Holding of Supreme Court, 465. — Parliament. 505 (n.). — Prevent forestalling, re- grating and engrossing, 111.— Prohibiting exportation of pro- visions, 378. — Quartering and furnishing of carriages for army. 111. — Raise money by taxation, 577. — Regulating and limiting price of sundry articles of produce, 98, 111. — Speedy re- cruiting of four New Jersey regiments, 515. — Supplementary. 85. — Suspending embarkation of Burgoyne and troops, 84.
Adams : Elizabeth, 197.
Adams : Philip, 470.
Adams : Samuel, 382.
Adcock: William, 389.
Admiralty Court held. 6. 10. 48. 92, 258, 259, 272, 315, 356. 363. 469, 607. — Lord Commissioners of, 105, 610.— Office, 105, 374, 609. — Sales (see Sales).
Adolphus, 62, 226.
Adres : Conrad, 533.
Advertisement, 157.
"Augusta," 97.
Albany, 325, 353, 459.
"Alert," 118.
Alexander: William (see Stirling), 175 (n.). 207 (n.): 288, 304.
Alexandria, 316, 350, 351.
"Alfred," 241.
Allen: Gabriel, 427. 517.
Allen: Isaac, 33, 45 (n.), 356, 386, 543.
Allen : John, 355, 586.
Allen : William, 47, 216, 256.
Allenton : John, 529.
Allentown, 27, 95, 174, 250, 258, 259, 264, 266, 272, 287, 320, 341, 369, 383, 384, 416, 427, 433, 438, 469, 495, 517, 562, 607.
Almanacs, 9. — Maker, 485. — Pub- lished, 532, 536. — Sale, 221, 591.
Alloways creek, 145, 148.
Allston : Jonathan, 534.
Allston : Lewis, 534.
Allward : Asher, 534.
Alston : David, 400.
Alward : Benjamin, 400.
Ambassador, 282.
Amboy. 46. 132, 253. 255, 256, 264, 266, 323 (n.), 576.
"Ambuscade," 390.
America, 23, 50, 53, 54, 64, 65, 85, 87, 94, 102, 112, 114. 122, 143, 156, 158, 159, 163, 167, 175, 181, 182, 193, 194, 195, 208, 223, 232, 235, 236. 262, 267, 269, 282, 305. 311, 319 (n.), 322, 327 (n.i, 334, 354, 354 (n.), 355, 377, 392, 407, 408, 417, 420, 439, 448, 485, 486, 501, 518, 531 (n.), 544 (n.), 547, 548, 549, 550, 571.
American Army, 63 (n.). Ill, 118, 193, 219, 230, 264. 272, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 278 (n.), 281, 282, 285, 286, 288, 291, 295, 305, 311, 336, 399, 459, 463, 475, 482 (n.), 492, 538, 548, 549, 553, 560, 563, 564, 589. — Horses be- longing to. 212. — Officers of. 282, 332. — Suspended from, 551.
American gondolas. 544 (n.). — Pri- vateer, 426, 488. — Troops, 527. — WTar, 55. 62, 157, 366.
Amerman : Isaac, 435.
Amwell, 131 (n.), 151. 197, 199. 309, 395, 454. 455, 580.
Ancaster : Duke of, 524.
Ancocus (Rancocas) creek, 197.
Anderson : Alexander, 155, 204.
Anderson : Joshua, 327.
Anderson : Peter. 226. 241, 250, 435.
Andover Iron Works, 85 (n.).
(617)
618
INDEX.
Angel. 547.
Anglen : John V.. 400.
Ansley : John, 435.
Anspach, 42.
Anthony : George. 261.
Antigua, 336, 610.
"Apollo," 186.
Appleman : Peter, 434.
Apprentice wanted, 93. — Run away, 264.
Aquakinach (Aquackanack), 43, 377, 484, 492.
"Arabian," 186, 205, 210.
Arch street, Philadelphia, 343.
"Ardent," 354.
Armbruster : Anthony, 178.
Armitage: Benjamin, 293.
Armourers wanted, 202.
Armstrong : George, 541.
Army, American, 63 (n.), Ill, 118, 192, 212. 219, 230, 264, 272, 273, 274, 275, 276, 278, 278 (n.), 281, 282, 285, 286. 548, 549, 553, 560, 563, 564. — Officers of, 282,
332
Army, Anglo-Hessian, 266 (n.), 144 (n.).
Army, British, 13 (n.), 14, 62, 97, 219, 264, 265, 268, 269, 273, 274, 276, 294, 295, 296, 303, 306, 307, 311, 318, 319 (n.), 321, 348, 355, 371, 379, 400, 401, 417, 434, 458, 470, 476, 481. 49$ 519, 530, 534, 545, 581, 594.
Arney's Town, 26.
Arnold : Jacob, 360, 361, 538.
"Arnold," 92.
Arrowsmith : Joseph, 568.
Arthur: Jane, 237.
Arthur: William, 357.
Articles of confederation, 232, 559 (n.), 560 (n.).
Artillery, 238, 253, 263, 268, 273, 278, 279, 280. 288, 229, 290, 292, 305, 306, 321, 500, 561. — Chief of, 278 (n.). — Demolished, 217. —Light horse, 206, 207, 208, 268, 273, 278, 330, 335, 439, 472.
Asherast : John, 532.
Assanpink creek, 302, 392 (n.), 518, 587.
Assembly, 88, 112, 119,124,131 (n.), 146, 231. 310. 352, 387, 448, 450 (n.), 465, 477, 484, 511, 559 (n.), 601, 611. — Act of, 312, 347, 516, 529, 552. — Adjourned, 147, 178, 271.— Clerk of, 516.— Law repealed by. 134. — Meet. 55. 66 (n.), 74 (n.), 490. — Members of, 34.— Message to, 83, 89.— Speaker of House of. 524, 589.
Assemblyman, characteristics of,' 2, 3.
Assignment, 323 (n.).
Association, Baptist. 346.
Aston : Thomas, 519.
Athenians, 449.
Atila, 170.
Atkinson : Moses. 470.
Atlantic City, 403 (n.).
Atlantic ocean. 225.
Attorney-General, 449.
Attila, 145.
Auditor, 49, 192. 233.
"Auger hole," 544 (n.).
Aulberger : Adam, 81.
"Aurora," 340 (n.).
Authority, Hints to those in, 88, 241.
Autonidas : John. 334.
Avis : George, 581.
B.
Babraham, 186.
Bacchus, 158.
Bache : Theophilus, 255. 263.
Bache : Theophylacte, 253.
"Bachelor," 250, 315.
Bacon, 148.
Bacon : Andrew, 145.
Baffin bay, 225.
Bahama Islands, 588.
Bainbridge : Absalom, 356.
Baird : James, 458.
"Uajazette," 480.
Baker, 177.
Baker : David, 229.
Baker : Matthias. 35.
"Bald Galloway," 210.
Baley : Eleas, 386.
Baley : Joseph, 386.
Ball : Ezekiel, 362, 513.
Ball : Joseph. 308.
Baltimore, 181, 511.
"Baltimore," 389.
Baney, 210.
Banghart : Barnabas, 435.
Banks : Josiah, 385. 536, 587.
Bank: Mechanics National, 529 (n.).
Baptists' Association. 347. — First and Seventh Day, 162. — Meet- ing-house, 598, 606. — Town, 248, 310.
"Barb." 205. 210. Barbadoes. 318. Barber, 268, 305. Barber : Francis. 150. Barber : Hugh, 496. Barber: William, 492. Barbine : Andrew, 401. Barbine: Oliver, 401. Barbine : Peter, 401. Barcalow : Cornelius, 341. Bard: Samuel, 386. Barker : Jeremiah, 541. Bark House. 517. Barlow : John, 120. Barnegat. 35, 241. 577. — Bay, 322. Barnes : John, 356, 557. Barnes : Thomas, 532. Barnet : Ichabod. 545. 594. Barracks. 31. — Master, 523. Bar re. 461. Barren : Elizeas, 400. "Barrens." 598. Barret. 477. Barrott : James, 496. Barry. 118. Bastedo : John. 173. Bartering. 326, 337. 397. Barton, death of, 8. Barton: Gilbert. 250, 258, 259, 272, 443, 469, 607.
INDEX.
Gil)
Barton : John, death of, 23.
Barton : Joseph, 8, 22. — Death of, 23.
Bartram : Alexander, 581.
Baskin Ridge, 29, 329. — Meeting- house, 468, 541, 553, 568.
Bass : Mary, 191.
Batey : Francis, 519, 587.
Batsto Iron Works, 233 (n.).
Battalion, 22 (n.), 206, 232, 294, 487 (n.), 492. — Bever's, 350, 351. — British, 371. — Carolina, 289. — Chambers, 511 (n.).— First Brit- ish Grenadiers, 563 (n.). — First Cumberland, 170. — First Glou- cester, 134 (n.). — First, of Guards, 295, 306, 307. — First Light Infantry, 563 (n.). — First New Jersey Volunteers. 45 (n.). — First New York, 300. — First Somerset, 187 (n.), 511 (n.).— Forman's, 517 (n.). — Heard's, 13 (n.). — Hunt's, 279 (n.), 516 (n.). — Johnson's, 279 (n.). 516.-— Maitland's, 373.— Martin's, 258 (n.). — Maxwell's, 281, 285, 293, 311.— Morris County, 325 (n.), 538 (n.). — New Jersey, 291. — North's, 461, 501. — Second of Grenadiers, 566. — Second of Light Infantry, 372. 375, 457, 562 (n.), 565. — Second of Somerset, 279 (n.), 511 (n.). — Shreve's, 129. — Stewart's, 279 (n.). — Third of Sussex, 128 (n.). — Thirteenth of Pennsyl- vania, 197. — Van Cortland's, 13 (n.). — Vernon's, 305.
Battle. 405. — Of Brandywine, 252. — Of Kegs, 20. — Monmouth, 265, 266, 267, 268, 272, 273, 278, 282, 291, 296, 566. — Naval, 319, 320, 370. — Princeton, 168 (n.). Trenton, 482 (n.).
Battle Monument in Trenton, 518 (n.).
"Bay Richmond," 185, 284.
Beach, 452.
Beach: Ezekiel. 387, 593.
Beakes : Edmond, 612.
Beaks : Nathaniel, 480.
Beam : John, 34.
Beattee : George, 593.
Bear : Casper, 360.
Beatty : John, 533.
Beaty : George, 350.
Becket: Henry, 323 (n.).
Beckman : Garnadus. 386.
Bedal : William, 508.
Bedkin : Henry, 299.
Bedminster, 199.^-Township, 257,
302. 509. 543. Beekman : Gilbert, 607. Beem : Joost, 503. Beem : Yest. 197. Beer : Joseph, 434. Belinda : contribution by, 19G. Bellew, 568. Belley : Patrick, 274. Bellview, 219. Belt: Walter. 335. Ben, 138, 257. Benham : John, 333.
Benjamin : Jacob, 29, 468, 529, 529 (n.), 540, 554, 571, 579, 602.
Benson : Christopher, 529.
Benson : James, 496.
Bergen, 32, 147.
Bergen county. 33, 34, 47, 166, 183, 256, 297, 379, 452, 581.
Bergen : George, 498, 512.
Bergen : Jacob, 352, 552.
Bergen Point, 44, 330.
Berks county. 452.
Bermuda, 336.
Bernardstown, markets established, 74 (n.).
Berry : Peter, 438.
Bessonet : Charles, 495.
Bethlehem, 200, 323, 323 (n.).— Township, 350, 351.
Betkins. 184.
"Betsy," 59, 92, 250, 316, 359.
Beven : Elizabeth, 509.
Beven : Philip, 467.
Beverley, 134 (n.).
Bevers, 350.
Beverwick, 203, 310, 397.
Bilbury, 141.
Bickler : Isaac. 534.
Biddle: Clement, 200.
Biddle : Joseph, 569.
Biddle: Josiah, 581.
Bilderback : Charles, 474.
Biles: Benjamin. 284.
Biles creek. 373, 375. — Island, 92, 208, 217.
Billingsfort. 90. 106. 108, 134, 149. 218, 335, 372, 374.
Billop, 320.
Billops, 256.
Bills: Thomas, 386.
Birch: James, 583, 588.
Bird: Mark, 452.
Birdsall : Jacob. 580.
Birdsall : Samuel, 580.
Bishop: John. 197.
Bishop : Joseph. 78.
Bishop : Levi, 78.
Black : Stephen Bloomer, 489.
BJack: Edward. 599, 600.
"Black Prince." 370.
Black river, 228.
Blackford: Daniel, 441.
Blackford : Joseph, 441.
"Blackie," 389.
Black's creek. 481.
Blackwell : Thomas, 297.
Blackwood : Joseph, 376.
Blain : James, 435.
Elaine: Eph., 201.
Blake: John, 4'.»!t.
Blanch : Isaac, 503.
Blanchard : John, 327.
Bland, 322. 539.
Blane: William, 400.
Blawvelt : Thtinis, 529.
"Blazing Star." 56, 253, 270.
Bleecker : Anthony, 299.
Block House, 31.
Bloomfleld, 223.
Bloomfleld: Joseph, 516, 552, 589, 601, 602, 607.
Board of War, 85. 179 (n.). — Treas- ury. 119.
Board : James, 529.
620
INDEX.
Boats, 92, 231. 241. 240, 253. 263, 270, 311, 372, 374. 375. 376, 403, 445, 453, 462, 481. 609.
Bob, 511.
Bocock : William, 581.
Boellisfelt : Widow, 395, 413.
Bogart, 459.
Bogart: Helena. 338.
Bogart : John, 240.
Bogart : Nicholas, 459.
Boggs : James, 386.
Boice : Jacob, 400.
Bolsbay: Edward, 330.
Bolton, 241.
Bonaparte: Joseph, 104. 323 (n.).
Bonaparte: Napoleon, 323 (n.).
Bond : George, 17, 93, 174, 298.
Bonhamton, 441.
Bonnell, 523.
Bonner, 268.
Bonnet : Alexander, 34, 35.
Bonum. 496.
Books for sale, 554, 555. 536, 557, 571, 579.
Booneton, 505.
Booth : Benjamin, 385, 536, 587.
Booth : John, 470.
Borden: Joseph, 208, 217, 219, 323 (n.), 373, 384, 572.
Borden : Richard, lit.
Bordentown, 21, 27. 28, 29, 30, 39, 106, 129, 131, 184, 197, 208, 211, 217, 218, 219, 248, 269* 279, 323, 323 (n.), 348, 357, 358. 369, 372, 373, 374, 375. 383, 388, 415, 416, 438, 481, 482 (n.). 505, 522, 532, 534, 543, 558, 572, 577, 605, 606.
Boston, 107, 287 (n.), 321, 331, 339, 354 (n.), 490.
Botham, 107.
Bottle Hill, 444, 508, 555. 557. 606.
Boudinot: Elias, 404, 522 (n.). — Appointed to Congress, 1, 33.
Boudinot: Elisha, 34, 525, 546, 589.
Bough : Nicolas, 496.
Bougainville, 319.
Bound Brook, 31, 131. 140. 149, 153. 231, 329, 512.— Markets estab- lished, 74 (n.).
Bowen : Ashley, 496.
Bowen : David, 162.
Bowen : Jonathan, 490.
Bowen : John, 169.
Bowhill, 104.
Bowlsby : Charles, 350, 593.
Bowlsby : Edward, 350, 593.
Bowlsby : John, 350, 593.
Bowlsby : Richard, 350, 593.
Bowman : Conrad. 581.
Bowne : John, 386.
Boyd, 405.
Boyd: William. 488.
Boyle : Adam, 387.
Boyls : John, 593.
Boys : Abraham, 250, 316.
Bradford, 429, 568.
Braganza : Duke of, 122.
Brainard, 16.
Brainard street, Mount Holly, 16 (n.).
Brandywine : Battle of. 252.
Bray : Daniel. 197, 302.
Bray : John, 303.
P.rearley, 187 (n.).
Brearly : David. 84.
Breese : Samuel. 210.
Brereton, 567.
Brereton : William. 274.
Brick : Joshua. 162.
Bridge creek, 270.
Bridgeton, 115 (n.).
Bridgetown, 162.
Bridgewater, 441. — Township, 498, 505, 512. 537.
Brig, 8, 137. 189. 217, 241, 253. 308, 318, 336. 370. 375, 376, 402, 405, 445, 453, 462, 514, 522, 609.
Brigade. 206. 207. 238, 256, 267, 456, 510, 562 (n.). — British, 562 (n.). — Heards', 152 (n.), 166, 258 (n.), 279 (n.), 516 (n.), 517 (n.). — Loos', 562 (n.). — Maxwell's, 26, 251, 463, 491, 600. — Skinner's, 253. — Stern's, 562 (n.). — Surgeon in, 152 <n.». — Wind's, 166, 223 (n.). — Wood- ford's, 600.
Brigantine, 188. 258, 260, 272, 315, 357, 426, 434.
Bright: Philip. 237.
"Brilliant," 445.
Brinley : Samuel, 387
Bristol. 80, 182, 184, 217, 345, 373. 374 376 495
British, '63, il8, 158, 168, 219, 225, 228 (n.), 247, 340 (n.), 484, 485, 487, 491. — Army (see Army). — Arms, 142, 208, 336. — Comman- der, 321. — Commissaries. 355, 377. — Constitution, 89. — Consul, 323 (n.). — Deserters, 58, 226. — Doctor, 414. — Fleet. 318, 344, 379, 380, 395. —Frigate, 336.— Guards, 294. 306. — Infantry. 365, 458. 462. — Man of War, 331.— Military form, 419. — Monarch, 18. — Nation, 53, 145, 168. — Officers. 334, 335, 462, 527.— Parliament, 394, 501. — Prison- ers. 492, 500. — Rovers, 129. — Sailors, 115, 116.— Seamen, 361, 527. — Soldiers. 206. — Squadron. 368, 498, 527. — Surgeon. 543 (n.). — Transports, 311. — Troops, 129, 159, 167, 168, 169, 177, 193. 194, 208. 218. 239, 305, 311. 317, 375, 378, 418, 457 (n.), 485. — Vessels, 453. 525, 531 (n.).— West India Islands, 354.
Briton, 589.
Briton : William. 435.
"Brittania," 175, 204, 210.
Britten : Israel. 386.
Broad street, Trenton, 542 (n.).
Brookfield, 34. 503.
Brookland Forge, 480.
Brooks : Benjamin, 511.
Brooks : Cornelius, 519, 587.
Brooks : Edward. 357, 505, 605.
Brooks : John, 250, 258, 260, 272.
Brooks : Thomas, 427. 428, 478, 494.
Brooks : William, 519, 587.
Brower, 32.
Brower : Abraham. 47, 48.
Brower : Jacob, 385, 536. 587.
Brown : Daniel Isaac. 529.
Brown : George. 112.
l^DEX.
621
Brown : John. 11, 13, 401, 557.
Brown : Joseph, 39.
Brown : Thomas, 177.
Browne: 499, 524, 588.
Browne : Isaac, 385, 536, 587.
Browne : Peter, 385, 536, 587.
Bruce : James, 159.
Bruen : Thomas, 385, 536, 587.
Brunner : Peter, 356, 557.
Brush : Abner, 586.
Buchanan : Walter. 140.
Buck : John, 34. 490.
Bucks county, 30, 91, 92, 219, 317, 327, 360, 495, 528, 605.
Bud : S., 221.
Budd : Bernardus, 223.
Budd : Henry, 184, 578.
Budd : Phoebe, 223.
Budd: Stacy, 221, 223 (n.).
Budd: Thomas, 221 (n.).
"Bullerock," 175.
Bullion : John, 29.
Bulman : Thomas, 142, 516.
"Bullrock," 191, 216.
Burge : Jonathan, 466.
Burgoyne, 30, 107, 181, 282, 577.
Burk (alias), 312, 466.
Burke, 461.
Burlington, 5, 18, 36, 37, 50, 54, 55, 57, 62, 75, 76, 178, 184, 197, 217, 239, 248, 294, 330, 342, 364, 388, 396, 465, 495, 543 (n.), 544 (n.), 576, 594, 602, 608. — Almanacs, 412, 441. — County, 20, 33, 34, 37, 39, 154, 166, 184, 189, 197, 197 (n.), 216, 218, 256, 260. 269, 284, 292, 292 (n.), 300, 329, 339 (n.), 342,
::.-.<;. 360, 365. 388, 399, 406. ir,;i 483, 490. 495. 521. 523. 542. :>4:;'. 544. 569. 578. 596, 598. — Court House. 544 (n.). — Goal, 37, 78, 142.— River, 37, 78, 142.
Burling's slip, 2<J4.
Bunner, 290.
Bunting : Thomas. 197.
Burden : John, 387.
Burnet : Daniel, 505.
Burnet : Matthias, 593.
Burnet : Stephen, 505.
Burnt Island, 253, 270.
Burr : Henry, 50.
Burroughs : John. 59. 237.
Burroughs : Joseph. 78.
Burrows: John, 317. 337, 341, 441.
Burrows : Samuel, 317.
Burrows : Thomas, 545, 595.
Burtain : William. 552.
Busby : Isaac. 198.
Busby Race Track, 210.
Buskerk : Abraham, 33. 43, 46.
Buskerk : Cornelius, 529.
Buskerk : John, 529.
Buskerk : Peter, 529.
Buskirk : Lawrence, 350, 593.
Bute, 55.
Butler : Daniel, 10.
Butler : Isaac, 253.
Butler: John, 388, SJ45.
Buttler. 288.
Buzhart : Jeremiah, 496.
Byram river, 474.
Byron, 396.
Byvanck : Jane, 611.
Byvanck : John, 611.
C.
Cadmus : Thomas, 509.
Cadwallader, 295, 306.
Caldwell, 117 (n.), 174. 209, 581.
Caldwell : James, 151, 229, 427, 452, 526, 527.
Callant, 189.
Calvert: William, 605.
Camden, 90 (n.). 196 (n.), 349 (n.), 403 (n.), 436 (n.).
Camp : Caleb, 34, 503, 589.
Campbell : Colin, 543.
Campbell: John, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 253, 310.
Campbell : Robert, 401.
Canada, 151 (n.).
"Canaster," 115, 250.
Canfleld : Joseph. 385.
Canfleld : Thomas, 520, 537, 587.
Canno Brook, 511.
Cannon : William, 510.
Cantonments, 457.
Cape Island, 318 (n.).
Cape May, 318 (n.), 346 (n.), 353, 380, 597. — County, 33, 34, 147 (n.), 256, 412 (n).
Captures— Brig, 5. 137. 336.— Cattle, 117. 145, 146. 147, 330. — Crew, 9. 453. — Deserter. 348. — Frigate, 226. — Forage. 148. — Merchan- dise. ~i, 9. — Prisoners, 126, 137, 14.-). 146. 149. 253, 330, 345, 405, 439, 499, 588. — Prizes, 308, 395.
— Provisions, 133. — -Regulations concerning, 41. — Schooner, 5, 159, 253. 330. 335. 336. 588. — Seamen, 5, 129. — Ships, 331, 453, 499. — Sloop, 208, 335, 336, 459, 609. — Stores, 109. — Transport, 5. — Vessels, 226, 241, 253, 312, 330. 318, 332, 380, 577, 609.
Carey : John, 317, 594.
Carlisle. 202, 259, 353, 452.— Earl of, 486 (n.).
Carmichael : Alexander, 22, 82, 228, 387, 593, 595.
Carmichael : J.. 199.
Carolina Brigade, 289.
"Carolina Packet." 258. 315, 335.
"Caroline," 357, 434. 514.
Carpenter : Powell, 6.
Carpenter : Thomas, 406. 438.
Carpenters wanted. 202, 259.
Carroll : William. 434.
Carson: Joseph. 21. 358.
Carter : Benjamin. 581.
Carter: John. 581.
Carter wanted. 198.
Cartwright: Caleb. 496.
Cartwright : Samuel, 496.
Carty : John. 388.
Case : Stephen, 520.
Cash. 188.
Cassel, 90.
Castner : George, 355.
622
INDEX.
Cathcart, 567.
Cathcart : Andrew, 274.
Cathrall : Edward, 35.
Cato : contributions by, 1, 2, 3, 16.
Cattle: Elisha, 168.
Cavalry, 145, 149, 179 (n.), 253, 268. 288, 294, 457, 462, 487, 564. — Baylor's, 516. — Eland's, 539. Light horse, 97, 102, 117, 263, 306, 538 (n.).
Cayford : Richard, 496.
"Centurion," 354, 610.
"Cesar," 354.
Chadwick : Sarah, 606.
Chair-house, 161.
Chambers, 498, 511 (n.).
Chambers: David, 309.
Chambers : John, 428.
Chambers : Joseph, 154.
Chambers : Robert, 154.
"Chance," 316, 603.
Chandler : Azael, 386.
Chapman : Abraham, 542.
Chapman : Jedediah, 117.
Charles, Cape, 340, 340 (n.).
Charleston. 334.
"Charlotte," 301.
"Charming Polly," 607.
Chasseurs, 287.
Chatam. 240. 250, 380.
Chatham, 180, 337, 479, 520, 577, 606.
Cheak: John, 221.
Chesapeake, 340.
Chester, 5, 108. — County, 231, 452.
Chesterfield, 339 (n.), 342, 542, 596. — Township, 521.
Chestnut Neck, 402, 403.
Chestnut street wharf, 330.
Chew: David, 581.
Chew: John, 335.
Chew : Jonathan, 581. 588.
Chew : William, 16.
Chief Justice. 500.
•"Childers," 186, 205.
China, 224.
"Chimere," 354 (n.).
Chloe, 158.
Chowne : Thomas, 434.
Chrlstien, 133.
Christey: William. 150.
Christiana creek, 118.
Chumard : Francis, 442.
Churches: Baptist. 346 (n.). — Phil- adelphia, 598. — Presbyterian, 380 (n.). — St. Mary's, in Bur- lington, 543 (n.). — Trenton, 602.
Churchill, 544 (n.).
Cider mill, 520.
Cincinnati, 128 (n.).
Citizen : contribution by, 144.
Clark, 152 (n.).
Clark : Abraham, 215, 503. — Ap- pointed to Congress, 1, 33.
Clark : Alexander, 386.
Clark : Elijah, 35. 592.
Clark : George, 470.
Clark : Joseph, 470.
Clarke, 547.
Clarke : Thomas, 470.
Clawson : John, 545, 595.
Clawson : Jonathan. 400.
Clayton : Joseph, 386.
Clayton : William, 314.
Clement: Jacob, 581.
Clendenan : John. 4 .'•>.">.
Clerk wanted. 40, 139.
Cleveland, 108.
Cleveland : Samuel, 109.
Clinton : Henry, 42. 44, 45, 264, 273, 286, 296, 334, 343. 371. 454, 462, 463, 486, 527. 561. 566
Clopper : Peter, 385, 536, 587.
Clough, 180, 462.
Clove, 43.
Club : James, 357.
Club : Old Brecham, 229.
Clunn, 591. 603.
Clunn : John, 301.
Clunn : Joseph, 325, 337, 493, 582.
Clunns, 579.
Coats : Israel, 578.
Coats : Josiah, 598.
Coats: William, 369, 384.
Cochran : Richard, 352, 611.
Cock: David, 199.
Cock: William, 223.
Coddington : Isaiah, 534.
Coejemans : Samuel Staats, 203.
Coe: Thomas, 104, 192.
Coffin : Francis, 443, 607.
Cohansey bridge, 21.
Cohansev congregation. 346 (n.).
Coldclough : Andrew, 292.
Collectors, 351. — Of port of New York, 152 (n.).
College, 340 (n.). — Avenue, New Brunswick, 280 (n.). — Lane. 222. — Maccoronis, 366 (n.). — Of New Jersey, 74 (n.), 427. 435. 436 (n.), 437, 543. — President of, 1 (n.), 16 (n.). — Princeton, 488, 489, 531 (n.). — Queen's, 388. — Rutgers, 215 (n.). — Sign of. 239. — Trustees of, 151.
Cole: Richard, 386.
Cole's ferry, 253.
Collins, 160, 499.
Collins : Isaac, 29, 112, 121. 124, 167, 195, 219, 223. 233 (n.), 254, 266 (n.), 277, 391, 446, 460, 486, 500, 527, 554.
Collins : James, 401, 557.
Collins: Robert, 10.
Colonies, 194, 195, 486.
Colt's Neck road, 466 (n.).
Columbia bridge, 223 (n.).
Colvill, 499.
Colvin : James, 519, 587.
Combs : Dennis, 400.
"Comet," 6, 468.
Commans : Jane. 96.
"Commerce," 470.
Commissary, 11, 230. — Assistant of purchase, 200. — Guilty of op- pression, 111.
Commissioners. 168, 189, 194, 195, 275 (n.), 352, 354, 355, 356, 364. 377, 385, 387, 388, 401, 402, 435, 448, 471, 476, 485, 486, 486 (n.), 497, 504, 505 (n.), 510, 520, 529, 530, 534, 537, 545, 552, 557, 558. 582, 587. 593, 595. 611.— At Trenton, 156. — Of claims, 119.
Committeemen, 122, 123, 124.
Company : Sixth of Third New Jer- sey Regiment, 151 (n.).
Compton : Johanna, 248.
Condict : Silas. 33, 119, 313, 503.
Confederated States of America, 282.
IXDEX.
623
Confederation of states. 393.
Confiscations : Personal and real es- tate, 85, 134, 352, 356, 471, 496, 505 (n.), 520, 529, 530. 534. 544, 545, 568, 582, 593, 595, 611.
Conger : Enoch, 415.
Congleton : Allen, 515.
Congress, 23, 65, 84, 119, 137, 152 (n.), 160. 183. 195. 210. 265, 276, 282, 285, 290, 291, 354 (n.), 417, 419, 475. 476. 485, 486, 507, 549, 559, 559 (n.), 560 (n.), 577. — Announcement to, 206 (n.). — Appointed to, 1. — Com- missioned by, 21. — Continental, 178, 394. 543 (n.), 558 (n.). — Delegates to. 33. 128 (n.), 279 <n.). 404. 589. — Letter addressed to President of. 491 (n.). — Let- ter ordered published by, 488. — Members of, 128 (n.), 131 (n.), 577. — Order of, 451. — President of, 273, 275, 275 (n.). 276, 277. 291, 296, 355. — Provincial, 323 (n.). — Resolutions of, 40, 41, 42, 56, 85. 86, 87, 112, 119, 163, 184. 232, 233, 234, 236. 379, 503, 504.
Congressional appointment, 151 (n.).
Conliff : Joseph. 387, 593.
Conn : James, 607.
Connard : Andrew. 258.
Connecticut, 23, 179 (n.), 320, 514. — Farms, 149.
Connor : Richard, 265.
Conococheague, 406.
"Consellor," 186.
Constables, 351, 537.
Constitution, 500, 501.— State. 450. — Twentieth section of, 460.
Continental, 212, 230. — Army (see American Army) . — Bills of credit, 501. — Ferry, 429. — Money. 213, 329, 410. — Salt. 507. — Troops, 129, 227, 238, 266. 279. 322. 459. 485, 491 (n.). — Wagons wanted for army, 199. — Works, 203, 259.
Convivial Hall, 600.
Conway : John. 251, 295, 306.
Cook Asa, 228.
Cook Elijah. 490.
Cook Ellis, 34.
Cook George. 187. 348.
Cook John, 228. 401.
Cook Joseph, 356.
Cook Paterson. 583. 588.
Cook Samuel, 349. 386, 403.
Cooke: Robert. 543.
Coolbock: William, 230.
Cooper : Isaac, 10.
Cooper: John, 33. 490.
Cooper : Joseph. 490.
Cooper : Samuel, 585.
Coopers: family of, 196 (n.).
Cooper's ferry. 90, 96, 97. 102, 149, 196, 246, 255, 349, 352, 359, 372, 376, 403. 436. 485, 583.
Copperthwalte : Hugh, 470.
Coracoa. 370.
Cork, 189, 389. — Cutter wanted, 132, 414. — Fleet. 322, 485. — Vessels from, 241, 253.
"Cornet," 335, 477.
"Cornwall," 354, 610.
Cornwallis, 106, 108. 375. 562, 564, 566. — Galley, 105, 107.
Corse : Henry, 470.
C'ortelyou : Jaques, 525, 546.
Cortelyou : Simon. 525, 546.
Coryell : John, 317. 338. 513.
Coryell's ferry, 97, 147, 213, 266. 286, 317, 338, 428, 513.
Cotterl : John. 386.
Cotterl : Samuel, 386.
Cottnam : Abraham. 154, 443.
Cottnam : George, 154.
Council, 89. 465, 488, 511, 524, 550 (n.), 570. — Committee of. 119.— Members of, 577. — Of safety, 13 (n.), 25. — Powers of, 25.-- Privy. 137. 164. — Representative in, 489. 490. 503. 515.
Court, 84. 157, 352, 356. 559 (n.). — Admiralty. 6, 10, 41. 48. 80, 92, 245, 250, 258, 259, 272, 315, 356, 363, 433, 461, 469. 486. — Appeal, 516. — Associate Justice of Su- preme, 505 (n.). — Common Pleas. 129. 388, 400, 401, 402. 470, 496, 519, 529, 530, 534, 543, 544, 545, 552. 568. 581, 594, 611. — Inquiry, 550, 551. — Justice of Supreme, 525 (n.), 531 (n.). — London. 419. — Martial. 220, 277, 281, 291, 306, 320. 517, 550, 577. — Oyer and Terminer, 283, 312. 381, 453. 583. 588. — Quarter Sessions, 350, 385, 387, 388, 545. — State Supreme, 128 (n.), 129, 178, 245, 465.
Courter : John, 587.
Court house in Trenton, 356, 363.
Couzens : Daniel, 582.
Couzens : Joshua, 581.
Covenhoven Covenhoven Covenhoven Covenhoven Covenhoven
Covenhoven Covenhoven
Benjamin, 333. Cornelius, 334. David. 333. Elizabeth. 343, 344. Jacob, 237. John. 283.
Theodoras, 211, 212. William. 292.
Cowell : Ebenezer. 154.
Cowman : John, 470.
Cox : James, 313.
Cox : Lawrence, 583, 588.
Coxe : Charles, 214, 261.
Coxe: Daniel. 356. 388, 552, 555.
Coxe : John. 313. 581.
Coxe : William, 214.
Cozens : John, 134.
Crab: William, 612.
Craft (boat), 276.
Crane's ferry, 462.
Cranberry. 103. 132. 174, 197, 266, 286, 287. 557. — Inlet, 253, 445.
Cranch : Nathaniel. 28, 452.
Crane: Stephen, 33.
Crimes — Robbery, 507.
Cripps : Whitten, 34, 169, 515.
Crisis. 514 (n.).
Crispin : William, 16.
Croft. 205. 210.
Crolis : John, 153.
Crolis : Peter, 153, 314.
Crolis: William, 153.
Crooked Billet wharf, 572.
Cross-Roads, 264.
Crosswicks. 60. 178. 216, 229. 264, 369. 383. 414. 427. 465. 483, 510, 517. 561, 569, 573.— Creek, 217,
624
INDEX.
323 (n.). 369 (n.), 375. — Land wanted in, 7. — Real estate to let, 132.
Crowell : Thomas. 386, 607.
Crowe : Robert Richard, 401, 557.
Crum : William. 27.
Cudjoe. 156.
Cuff, 78.
Cuffv. 156.
Cumberland county, 21, 33, 34, 198, 256, 452, 478 (n.), 496, 497, 523. 596. — Land for sale, 160, 162 (n.). — Militia. 129, 145, 149, 159. — Pennsylvania, 452, 453.
Cumming : John. 4:!."i. Cummings : Theophilus. 400. dimming* : Widow, 337, 493. Cundit : Daniel. 364. Cundit: John. 151. l.'.i'. Cundit's tavern, 581. Cunningham : John, 495. Curtis : J., 577. Curtis : James. 386. Curtis : John, 285. Cushictum. 321. Cutlery. 180. Cyphers : George, 355.
D.
Daniels: Joel, 496.
Daniels : John. 470.
"Daphne," 405.
Davenport : Ann. 294.
Davenport : Franklin, 57.
Davenport : Humphrey, 593 (also Devenport ) .
Davenport : William, 581.
David (of old), 486.
Davidson : Robert, 22.
Davill, 186. "Davis Benjamin. 197.
Davis Henry, 297.
Davis Jacob, 347.
Davis Jeremiah, 496.
Davis Jerman. 470.
Davis John, 347.
Davis Richard, 401.
Davis Samuel. 470.
Davis William, 351.
Dawson : George, 370.
Dawson : Henry. 264.
Day of fasting, 189.
Day : Timothy, 577.
Dayton. 46. 383.
Dayton : Ellas, 589.
Dayton: Jonathan, 209 (n.), 230, 526.
Dayton: Jonathan I.. 526 (n.).
Dayton: Keturah, 526 (n.).
Dayton: Ralph, 526 (n.).
Dayton: William W., 526 (n.).
Deaman : William, 593.
Deane: Silas, 206 (n.), 220.
Dean : James, 470.
Dear: Jonathan, 33 (n.), 490, 589.
De Bore, 46.
De Bose: Baron, 487.
Degroote, 134.
Decker's ferry, 253.
Deck : Samuel, 589.
Declaration of Independence, 280, 281, 459. 560.
De la Borderie, 487.
Delalush : Henry, 576.
Dedman : William. 435.
De Estaign (see Estaign).
De Hart, 209.
De Heister : Philip, 90.
Dehort's Points, 462.
De Klyn : Barnt, 104.
"Delaware," 108. 445.
Delaware, 200. — River, 11, 19, 22, 81, 91. 92, 94, 98, 102, 105, 106, 107, 108, 118, 126, 128, 129, 144 (n.), 207, 208, 217, 231, 245, 262, 266, 285, 301 (n.), 318, 319, 320, 32],
332, 336, 340 (n.), 360, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 380, 398, 429, 473, 482, 482 (n.), 483, 514. 543 (n.), 561, 562, 584, 609. — Capes of, 320, 336. — Loyalists crossed, 35. — Road, 473. — Schooner ashore. 9. — State of, 118, 179 (n.), 346, 452, 454.
De Kowats : Chevalier, 517.
De Lacey : Oliver, 134, 401.
Demayne: William. 104, 192, 387.
Demont : Peter, 456.
Demorest : Jacob, 350, 593.
Demorist: Rulief, 529.
Demorist : Samuel, 529.
De Mott : Abraham. 141.
De Musingnano, 323 (n.).
Deputy Quartermaster-General, 200, 201, 227, 293, 451.
Denies : Anthony, 386.
Dennis : Anthony. 386.
Dennis: Benjamin, 466 (n.).
Dennis : John, 60, 584.
Dennis : Michael. 355.
Dennis : Sarah, 386.
Denniston : William, 606, 608.
Denton : John, 222, 528, 586, 592, 605.
Deptford, 583.
Depyster : Nicholas. 529.
Dermott: William M., 382.
Desborough, 274, 568.
Deserters, 5, 8, 58, 76, 119, 120, 187, 197, 211, 220, 226, 235, 255. 258, 264, 269, 272, 276, 285, 299, 303, 322, 335, 336. 341, 342, 348, 352, 355, 377, 385, 396, 400, 426, 427, 438, 477, 478, 487, 491, 517, 573, 600.
Deveher : Gabriel. 581, 582.
Devenport : Humphrey, 350, 593.
"Diamond." 159.
Dianah. 188.
Dick : James, 547.
Dick: Samuel, 48. 169.
Dickerson, 300, 399.
Dickerson : Peter, 519.
Dickinson, 13, 227. 268, 278, 279, 287, 288, 290. 398.
Dickinson : Philemon, 208, 238, 266.
Dickson : John, 152.
Dill : Joseph. 583. 588.
Dilkes (Dilks) : John, 583, 588.
Dilkes (Dilks) : Joshua.
Iiillap : James, 478.
Dillon : William. 312. 453.
Dillwyn : George, 197.
INDEX.
625
Dinah, 612.
Disbrow : Henry, 301.
"Dispatch," 250, 315, 610.
Distiller wanted, 189.
Distillery, 413.
Ditmass, 274, 568.
Dividing Creek, 346 (n.).
Dobbs ferry, 459.
Dogger, 316.
Dolles : Reuben, 496.
Donations received, 116. 149.
Dongan : Edward V., 45 (n.), 46,
400.
Donnell : John, 598. Donop, 96, 97. Dorson mare, 172. Dorus, 184.
Dougherty : Benjamin, 494. Dougherty : James, 470. Douglas: Joshua, 221. Douglass : Alexander, 571. Douglass: George, 323, 323 (n.),
348.
Douglass: Joseph, 229, 323 (n.). Douglass : Nancy, 601. Douglass : William, 601. "Dove," 272. Dove : John, 400. Dovemare, 151. Dover, 387. — Township, 554. Dragoons, 196, 211, 238, 322, 346,
372, 383, 413. 426, 439, 452, 474,
562 (n.), 602. — Horses, 517. —
Maryland's, 600. Drake : Benjamin, 400. Drake : Henry, 29. Drake: Jacob, 34, 503. Drake : James, 249. Drake : John, 352. Drake : Randolph, 400.
Drake : William. 352.
"Draught of a bill," etc., 181, 182.
Dreeler : John. 496.
Drewry : William, 60.
Drummond : Robert, 42, 385, 536,
587.
Dryden, 544 (n.). Dubois : Peter, 587. Duck creek, 159. Duff: Michael, 229. Duffll : Benjamin. 582. Duffll : James, 582. Duggon : Cornelius. 435. Duhran furnace, 483. Du Lubin, 319. Dumont : John B., 222. Dumont : Peter, 222. Dunbar : John, 359. Duncan, 106, 108. 547. Duncan : James, 319. Dunfleld : John, 435. Dunham : Asher, 387, 593. Dunham : Isaac, 534. Dunham : Moses, 534. Dunham : Nemiah, 35, 489. Dunham : Pheneas, 470. Dunlap, 474. Dunlap : Samuel, 534. Dunlop : Count, 544 (n.). Dunlop : William, 419. Dunn : Benjamin, 49. Dunn : Jacob. 328. Dunn : Jonathan, 131, Dunster : James, 329. Duryce : Abraham, 301. Dutchess County, 560. "Dutch Minister's Black," 199. Dutch United Provinces, 448. Duychenck : Gerardus, 326.
E.
"Eagle," 105, 106, 108, 109, 184, 354,
374, 609, 610. Eagle : Packet, 105. Eagler : Conrad, 355.
Earl Earl Earl
Earl
Edward, 13, 13 (n.), 529. Joost, 529. Peter, 529. Thomas, 155.
Eastburn: Robert, 239.
East Chester, 253.
Easton, 94, 103, 200, 201, 227, 228, 262, 452, 482 (n.), 557.
East Plains, 598.
East river, 311.
Eatton. 216.
Eddy : Thomas, 369.
Eden: William, 486 (n.).
Edge Hill, 156.
Education : plea for, 14, 15, 16.
"Edwards," 389.
Edwards, 5. 610.
Edwards : Edward, 285.
"Effingham," 217, 375.
Egbert : Nicholas, 199.
Egbert : Thomas, 539.
Egberts, 539.
Egg Harbour, 155, 265, 320, 331, 345, 370, 389, 390, 395, 399, 404, 405, 426, 458, 464, 473, 477, 498, 499,
502, 502 (n.), 514, 560. 588. — Brigs captured near, 137, 189.
Eglinton : Edward, 581.
Eldridge : Jeremiah, 34 (n.).
Eldridge : John. 515.
Elector : contribution by, 89, 245, 254, 446, 447.
Election : annual, throughout State of New Jersey, 489.
"Elizabeth," 316.
Elizabeth, 117 (n.), 271, 526. — Bor- ough of, 361, 526.— History of, 150 (n.).
Elizabethtown, 23, 42, 43, 94, 149, 150, 186, 191, 209, 213, 215, 216, 226, 229, 230, 231, 246, 255, 257, 262, 265, 270, 295, 296, 311, 318, 327, 328, 329, 335, 337, 341, 344, 354, 359, 380, 405, 431, 452, 458, 459, 462, 472, 485, 491, 492, 497, 500, 505, 511, 512, 519, 521, 523, 524, 527, 545, 551, 579, 581, 595. — Point. 206, 253.
Elkins family: Memorial of, 151 (n.).
Elk river, 42.
Ellis, 91. 129, 147. 149.
Ellis: Charles. 315.
Ellis: Jonathan. 151 (n.).
Ellis : Joseph, 490.
Ellis: Rebecca, 151 (n.).
40
62C
IXDEX.
Elmer : Jonathan, appointed to Con-
fress. 1. — Delegate to Congress, 3. — Mention of. 381, 431 (n.).
Elmer : Philemon. 431.
Elmer: Theophilus. 33.
Elston : Thomas, 400.
Elton : William, 44.V
Elwell : Israel. 470.
Emlen : Joseph. 22'.).
P^mley : Thomas, 49.
Emmericks: Captain, 42, 439.
Emmons. 334.
Emmons : Jacob. 387.
Emmons : Thomas, 312.
Emmons : Stephen, 466.
"Endeavour," 35.
England. 55. 63, 10 109, 134 (n.). IT.",. 220, 221 (n.), 269, 319 (n.), 366 (n.), 371. 417, 418, 420, 499, 524, 525, 609.
English, 252, 380, 485. — Ceremony. 233. — Ministry. 156.
Englishmen, 417.
Englishtown, 174, 211, 266, 267, 273. 275, 278, 284, 285, 287, 289, 291, 292, 300, 309, 314, 399, 548, 549. 550, 553, 576.
English West Indies, 227.
Engross. 25, 111.
Ent : Susannah, 455.
166. 174, 337, 364, 503. 509, 594.
140, 154, 338, 385,
Ent : Valentine, 454.
Equal Taxer : contribution by, 115.
Erskine : William, 566.
Erskin : William, 219.
Ervin : William, 400.
Esapus, 94.
Essex county, 33, 34, 133.
204, 253, 271, 300, 309
377, 385, 414. 452, 497
511, 518, 519, 526, 587 Esopus, 262, 334. 514. Esdale : James, 184. Estate : settlement of, 28.
192. 223. 249, 302, 327.
428, 441, 497, 498, 512, 521, 523
536. 557. 572. Eternal Edict : The. 448. Europe, 52, 83, 100, 101, 107, 182
232.
Eutaw Springs. 13 (n.). Evans, 463, 477. Evans : John, 496. Evens : William. 37. 36o. Everett : Ezekiel. 494. Evesham. 37. 365. Ewing, 426 (n.). Ewing : James, 490. Executions, 5. 312. 588. "Experiment," 354.
Faesh : John Jacob, 429.
Fagan : Jacob, 466, 477.
"Fairlee," 389.
Fair View, 602.
Falconer : William, 330.
Fall Neck, 210.
Falls meeting-house, 528.
Falmouth. 370, 371.
"Fame." 92, 219, 433, 468, 607.
Fandran : William. 197.
Farmer : A reply to, 500, 502.
Farmer : Christopher Billop, 246.
Farmer : Wants of, 198.
Farrand : Stephen. 385, 585. 536.
Farnsworth : Thomas, 323 (n.).
Farriery, 36.
Fayette, 273.
Fearcloes : Thomas, 228.
Febiger. 547.
Fell, 12.
Fell : John, 589.
Fennimore : Thomas, 34, 490.
Ferguson : Patrick, 499. 500.
"Ferret Galley," 370. 375.
Ferries : Cooper's, 90. 91, 92, 96, 97, 102, 149, 246. 255. 349, 352, 359, 372, 376, 403. 583, 585.— Cole's, 253.— Coryell's. 97, 147. 196, 213, 266, 286, 317, 388, 428. 436, 513. — Crane's, 462. — Decker's, 253. — Dobbs. 459. — Hoebuck, 264. — Howell's, 152. 172, 454.— King's. 281. — Old, 9. — New Brunswick, 249. — New, 9. — Schuyler's, 42. — Watson's, 525.
Ferry-house burned, 217.
Fields, 265.
Fielding, 610.
Field officers. 356, 357.
"Figure." 209.
"Figure" : Old, 209.
F.
Fires, 92. 178, 217, 219, 237, 344.
Fisher, 60.
Fisher : Jonathan, 581.
Fishkill, 24, 104, 128, 187, 321. 484.
Fitzgerald. 304, 305, 496. 550.
Fitz Randolph, 521. 607.
Fitz Randolph : Abigail, 329.
Fitz Randolph : David, 534.
Fitz Randolph : Edward, 183.
Fitz Randolph : James. 183.
Fitz Randolph : Nathaniel. 246, 589.
Fitz Randolph : Robert, 400.
Flag of Truce. 547.
Flags : Arrival of, 500. — Illegal use
of, 492, 493. Flanagan : James. 470. Flatbush, 253, 255, 263. Fleet's tavern, 494. Fleming: Edward. 34. Flemington. 131 (n.), 151. 151 (n.),
331, 349, 430. — Junction, 151
(n.).
Flood : Timothy, 440. Florida, 354. Flowers : Martin, 496. Flude : Timothy, 456, 479. Fly market, 264. Folker, 545. Folker : John, 595. Folker: Thomas. 596.
Ford Charles, 197.
Ford Ebenezer. 401. 490, 534.
Ford John, 400.
Ford Oswold. 534.
Fonce: Philip. 475.
Forestalling. 25. 111.
Forman, 337. 517 (n.).
Forman Forman Forman Forman
David, 188, 313. Ezekiel. 312, 386. John, 132 (n.). Samuel, 387.
INDEX.
627
Forman : Thomas, 26.
Fort Independence, 491, 491 (n.).
Fort Island, 96, 105, 107.
Fort Lee. 42, 43, 44.
Fort Mercer: Defence of, 97 (n.).
Fort Montgomery, 134 (n.), 187.
Fort Pitt. 452.
"Fortune," 607.
Fort Washington, 491, 532.
Foster : Ebenezer, 400.
Foster : Jacob, 362, 442. 513.
Foster : Josiah, 399. 490.
Found : Chair, 348. -^ Pocketbook, 328. — Portmantle. 551. — Port- manteau, 606. — Saddle, 520. — Sails and rigging, 494. — Sleigh, 606. — Whip, 456.
•"Fowey," 160.
Fox : Jonathan, 330.
France. 30, 52, 83, 158, 195, 220, 226, 230, 231, 232. 322, 342.— King of, 206, 207, 231, 282.
Francois : Cape, 405.
Frank, 596.
Frankfort, 78.
Franklin, 189, 445, 454. 544 (n.).
Franklin : Benjamin, 282.
Franklin : John, 581. 583, 588.
Franklin : William, 514.
Frazee : James, 594.
•"Frederick," 191.
Freehold, 48, 76, 138, 188, 191, 197, 278, 314, 323, 333, 334, 386, 397, 562, 563, 564, 566. — Court house, 294, 564.— Heights, 294, 295, 306, 307. — Lower, 150. —
Upper, 27, 320, 361, 386, 416, 428.
Freeholder, 125. 407.
Freeman : James, 598.
Freeman : Robert, 197.
Frellnghuysen : John, 116 (n.).
Frelinghuysen : Frederick, 279, 364, 489, 568, 577, 589.
French and Indian Wrar, 339 (n.).
French dogger, 402. — Embassador, 413. — Fleet, 297, 311, 318. 319, 320, 322, 336, 342, 345, 355, 368, 380. — Ships. 405..— War, obser- vations on, 30.
Frenchman : Capture of. 499.
French : Philip, 400. 401.
Friends, 24, 162, 221, 233 (n.). — Burial ground, 36, 171, 454.— Meeting, 598.
"Friends," 603, 607.
Frigates, 208, 217, 295, 312, 319. 320, 331, 336, 340 (n.), 345, 374, 375, 445.
Frontier of Pennsylvania, 353.
Furman and Hunt, 338.
Furman : Isaac, 251.
Furman : Moore. 212, 227, 251, 293, 443, 467, 528.
Fulkerson : Jacob, 456.
Fuller wanted, 376.
Fullerton : William. 496.
Fulling mill, 427, 478.
Furgler : Francis, 24.
Furman : Isaac, 513.
Fusman : Daniel, 583. 588.
Fusman : William, 581.
0.
Gach : Philip, 400.
Gain : Hugh, 387.
Gaine: Hugh, 587, 593.
Gains, 47.
Gage, 51.
Galbraith: Thomas, 385, 529, 536,
587. Gallies. 219, 245, 253, 343, 368, 370,
373, 374, 375, 376, 380, 442, 472,
499.
Galloway: Joseph. 29. 30, 91, 525. Galloway: Samuel, 204. Gamblers, 547.
Gamble: William, 339, 534, 558. Gant, 204, 210. Gardener, 567. Gardiner : William, 274. Gardner, 405. Gardner : Rufust, 357. Gardner : Thomas, 529. Garland, 316. Garrabrants : Garrabrant, 38», 5db,
587
Garrabrants : Nicholas, 519, 587. Garrason : Jacob, 377. Garretson's tavern. 201. Garrison : Jacob, 470. Garrison : William. 471. Gates. 273, 311, 321, 562, 597. Geddridge : Andrew, 353. General goal delivery (see Goal). Geneva, 117 (n.). "George." 160. 434. George III.. 17. 51. 52, 53, 54, 56, 65,
84, 102, 121, 123, 159, 170, 194,
218, 231, 255, 269, 278, 311. 352. 355, 370, 371, 374, 394, 400, 417, 434, 445, 448, 459, 470, 486, 496, 499, 519. 530. 534, 543 (n.), 545, 561, 568, 581, 594. — Colonies, 181. — Forces, 128. — Troops, 133, 145, 146.
Georgia, 225.
Germain : George, 96, 107, 109, 371. —Lord, 56.
German Boors, 116.
Germantown road, 535.
Germany, 90.
Gess : Jonathan, 342.
Gibbs: Lucas, 584.
Gibbs : Richard. 599.
Giberson : Benjamin. 386.
Giberson : Gisbert, 386.
Giberson: William. 386.
Gilbert : Robert, 336.
Gllchrist, 567.
Gilchrist: Adam, 82.
Gilfoy: John, 220.
Gillin : William, 387.
Gilpatrick, 440.
Gisberson : Mallikiah, 386.
Gist : Mordecai. 511.
Glass-house, 176, 339.
"Glory of America," 404.
Gloucester, 108, 452, 588. — County, 24. 28. 33, 34, 49, 129, 151 (n.), 197. 197 (n.), 202, 220, 256, 335, 376, 390, 452, 453, 490, 508 (n.), 581, 582, 583, 585. — Militia, 80,
628
INDEX.
149. — Point, 5, 149, 205, 263. — Township, 498.
Glovers. 363, 433.
Goal, 37, 78. 79, 104. 142. 189, 190, 197, 202, 211, 260, 296, 341, 355, 366, 377, 382, 400, 404, 413, 427, 440, 441, 456, 466, 467, 511. 573, 595.— Burlington, 37. — Delivery, 312, 318, 453, 500. 588.— Es- caped from. 5, 197. — Keeper, 361. — New Jersey, 14. — Trenton, 79, 478, 494.
Goald : Edward, 386.
Godbier: William, 400.
Goetschius, 47, 48.
Golat: Peter, 529.
Golden: George (alias John), 544.
Gondola: American, 544 (n.).
"Good Intent." 433, 585, 607.
Goodrich : Bridger, 353, 370.
Goodwin : Robert, 435.
Gorden, 307.
Gorden : David, 284.
Gorden: John, 137, 171. 221.
Gorden : Peter, 467, 517, 528.
Gorman : John, 435.
Gosling : David, 401, 557.
Gove, 567.
Gove: John. 274.
Governor, 232, 319 (n.), 445 (n.). — New Jersey, 552 (n.) 602 (n.). — Reappointed, 515, .£24.
Governor : Henry, 357. 402.
Graham : Elizabeth, 140.
Graham : Ennis, 140.
Grames. 401.
Grammar school (see Scltools).
"Grandby," 191.
Grandle : Thomas, 335.
Grand Jury, 283.
Grant. 51, 565, 566.
Grantham, 609.
Grantham packet, 561.
Gray, 457.
"Gray Hound," 205, 210.
Gray : I., 426.
Gray : James. 587.
Gray : John, 533.
Gray : William. 353.
Great Britain, 18,31, 51, 54, 56, C(i. 88, 83, 102, 113, 139, 15L>. I'.i:!. I'.c.. 196, 219, 232, 311, 34'J. ::.14. .",'.'4. 400, 416 (n.), 417, 418, 411) (n.i, 420, 448, 459, 470, 486. 4'Jti. :.(H. 504, 519, 530, 534, 568. 573. 881, 594. — Court of, 84. — Daughters of, 283. — Parliament of, 181. Sons of, 235.
Great Egg Harbour. 39. 202. -Ml, 308, 315, 335. 336. 339. 396. 4u:>. 404, 473. — River, 468, 469, 514.
Great Mantua creek. 583.
Great Meadows. 214.
Great Swamp. 395, 413.
Greggstown. 27.
Green. 76. 117 (n.). — General, 289,. 304, 320, 600.
"Greens," 145. 159, 171, 227.
Green Bank, 544 (n.).
Green Berryman. 153.
Green Henry, 601.
Green Joseph, 96, 285.
Green Nathaniel. 119.
Green Ruelin, 435.
Greenfield : Lewis, 385, 536, 587.
Greenwich. 161. 162, 435. — Town- ship, 390. 599.
Grenadier. 287, 295, 306, 457, 458, 564. 565.
Griffin, 434.
Griffin : Moses, 433. 607.
Griffiug : Moses. 470.
Grist mill. 578 (n. i.
Groom : Elijah, 466.
Grosse, 567.
Grover Barzillia. 386.
Grover Joseph, 386.
Grover Samuel. 386.
Grover Thomas, 386.
Grover William, 386, 304.
Gruff : John. 582.
Guelp : George. 158.
"Guerrier." 354 (n.).
Gulick : Farnant. 416.
Gunstockers wanted, 202, 259.
H.
Hackensack, 43. 44. 295. 330, 440, 454, 459, 462. 472, 477, 484. 485, 491. — New bridge beyond, 462. — River, 454, 462, 471, 472, 484.
Hackettstown, 93, 257.
Haddonfield, 27, 91, 101, 147, 149, 197, 209, 561.
Hagerman : Simon, 543.
Hagle : John Martin, 529.
Haines, 134.
Halfpenny : William. 249.
Halifax. 321, 445. 577, 610.
Hall Hall Hall Hall Hall Hall Hall
Edward, 169. Elisha, 470. Isaac, 496. Jacob, 496. John, 34. Levi, 496. William, 401.
Hallet: Joseph. 385, 536, 587. Hambleton. 186. Hamburg. 118. Hamelin, 197.
Hamilton : Colonel, 304, 305. — Duke
of, 209.
Hammell : John. 13. Hammet (HametV. 126. 583, 588. Hammond, 106, 353, 370. Hampdens, 137. "Hampton Colt," 205. Hampton : John. 387. Hampton : Thomas, 498. Hancock. 145. 148. Hancock's bridge, 144, 145, 148, 169r
457 (n.). Hand, 145. 168. Hand : Elijah. 170. Hand : Jesse, 33 (n.). Hand : John, 515. Hanesy : James. 581. Hanged. 8. 12, 13, 14, 220. Hankeson : Kenneth. 197. Hankinson : John, 386. Hankinson : Kenneth. 189. 387. Hanlen : Bernard. 518, 518 (n.), 592. Ilanna : James. 2.VJ. Hanna : Jane, 252.
INDEX.
629
•"Hannah," 443. 469, 514. 609.
Hanover. 76, 117 (n.), 158, 192.
H;msen. 340 (n.).
Hardenburg : Jacob R., 116 (n.), 1M5. 338, 388.
Hardinstone. 498, 522.
^'Harlequin." 560.
Harned : Benjamin, 435.
Harned : John, 400.
Harned : Nathaniel, 400.
Harper : Arthur, 316.
Harris Benjamin, 537.
Harris Christopher, 355.
Harris Ephraem. 490.
Harris John, 352.
Harrison, 210, 439.
Harrison : Charles, 356.
Harrison : Samuel. 519, 587.
Harry, 257, 365, 377.
Hart : John, 34. 489, 515, 5-24.
Hart : Joseph, 481, 532.
Hartford, 560.
Hat and raccoon, 505.
Hatten : John, 582.
"Hawke," 356.
Hawke : John, 496.
Hawk : George, 455. Hayse (Hays) : Samuel, 385, 520, 537. 587.
"Hazard," 250. Hazard : Widow, 252.
Heard. 13 (n.), 166, 263, 459, 462, 516 (n.), 517 (n.). — Brigade (see Brigade).
Heard : John, 400. Heard : Nathaniel, 204, 209, 256,
266, 279 (n.). Heasdan : Mary, 530. "Hector," 140. Hedden : John, 155, 204. Hedden : Joseph, 385, 520. 537, 587. Helme : Benjamin, 171, 177. Helme : Rachel. 171, 177. Help wanted, 6. Hempsted : Jeremiah, 400. Henderson, 213. Henderson : John, 399. Henderson : Thomas, 397. Hendricks : Abraham, 49, 428, 497. Hendricks : Conrod, 386. Hendrickson : Daniel, 363. Hendrickson : David. 510. Henlopen : Cape, 318 (n.). Henry. 372, 373, 374, 375, 376. Henry: Samuel, 228, 252, 443, 518,
529 (n.).
Heppard: William, 264. Hermit, 24. Hermitage. 398 (n.). "Hero," 389.
Herring : Abraham C., 529. Hession, 31, 268, 269, 345, 492, 562 (n.), 563 (n.). — Attacked, 115, 116. — Commander, 267 (n.). — Grenadiers, 96. — Officers, 206. — Soldiers, 206.— Stolen by, 184. Hess : Prince of, 51, 102, 182. Heston: A. W., 97 (n.). Heston : Zebulon, 338, 513. Hetfield : Abel, 545, 594. Hetfield: James, 545. 594. Hetfield : Job, 545, 594. Hetfield : John Smith, 545, 594. Hewit : Jacob, 581. Heullngs : Isaac, 141.
Hewlings : Joseph. 470. 543. Hewlings : Thomas. 543. Hfwlings: William, 57.
Heymer. 44.
llibernia, 233 (n.).
llibernia Furnace, 429.
Hides town. 197.
Highgate, 539.
Highlanders, 171.
Hightstown, 174, 248, 346 (n.).
Hillman : Josiah, 445, 498.
Hillsborough, 74 (n. ». 222. 24.".. 301, 363, 456, 465, !J>68. — Township, 508, 532.
Hiltzheimer : Jacob, 452.
Hinchman, 582.
Hinkson : Benzeor, 386.
Ililor : Jacob. 593.
Hilton : Joseph, 470.
Hispaniola, 35.
Historic houses of Xew Jersey, 553 (n.).
History of Elizabeth, 150 (n.).
History of Morris county, 505.
Hoagland, 248.
Hoagland : Obadiah, 435.
Hoagland : Okey, 39.
Hobbs, 89.
Hobbs: William, 357.
Hodge, 197.
Hoebuck ferry, 264.
Hoebuck place, 330, 405.
Hoff : Abel, 297.
Hoff: Charles. 429.
Hoffman : Christopher, 435.
Hoffman : Nicholas, 387, 539.
Hog Island, 106, 108.
Holland, 275 (n.).
Hollinshead : Anthony, 387, 593.
Holmes Abijah, 21.
Holmes Benjamin, 34, 145, 169.
Holmes Joseph, 33 (n.), 490.
Holmes William. 478.
Holton : Peter, 400.
Hoobuck, 491.
Hood : James, 152.
Hooper : Robert, 200. 201, 557.
Hooper : Thomas, 530.
Hoops : Robert, 33, 154.
Hopewell, 79, 266. 284, 346 (n.). 389, 481, 532, 538, 596. 612.— Road, 154. — Township, 190, 286, 586.
Hopkinson : Francis, 20 (n.), 361, 543 (n.).
Hopper, 205, 210, 369.
Hornbeck : Isaac, 350, 593.
"Hornet," 560.
Homer : Fuller, 560.
Homer : John, 386.
Hornerstown, 48.
Horses, 179 (n.), 199, 246, 261. 269, 456. — Belonging to United States, 201. — Found. 183, 190, 247, 251, 252. 258, 271, 300, 303. 337, 350, 363, 364. — Killed or wounded, 273, 292, 487. — Needed for army service, 178, 178 (n.), 227. — Sale of (see Sales). — Strayed or stolen. 215, 216, 228. 230, 238, 247, 248, 251, 252, 257, 271 i 284, 292. 300, 301, 302, 309, 310, 314, 317, 320, 321, 324. 325, 327, 328, 343, 347, 359. 360, 362, 383, 3!>0. :5!»7. .T.I9, 406. 414, 415, 428, 432, 440, 443, 445, 467, 471,
630
IXDEX.
474, 478, 481, 493, 494, 497, 498, 508, 509, 510, 512, 513. 517, 518, 519, 521, 522, 524, 532, 543, 546, 569, 578, 580, 582. — Wanted, 200.
Horsham township, 293. Hortentius (see Livingston) : Contri- butions by, 4, 18. 29, 30, 31, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 116, 124, 137, 193, 194, 195, 416, 417, 418, 419, 420, 485, 486.
Horton : Azariah, 380. Horton: Eunice, 49, 380, 380 (n.). Horton : Foster, 49, 479. Horton genealogy. 380 (n.). Horton: George F., 380 (n.). Horton: Jonathan, 380 (n.). Hospital, 436, 437, 601. — Opened,
308. — Discharged from, 322. Howard : George, 364. Howard : William, 350, 593. Howe: William. 4, 8, 19, 42, 65, 76, 96. 101, 105. 107, 109, 156, 157, 158, 219, 220, 311, 319, 344, 354, 355, 368, 371, 372, 374, 377, 380, 457, 527, 609.
Christopher, 293. Daniel, 38. Ebenezer. 169. Isaac, 456. John, 38. Mary, 38. Obadiah, 213, 39Tl Richard, 149. Stephen, 213, 398. Family memorials of,
Howell Howell Howell Howell Howell Howell Howell Howell Howell Howell
(n.).
Howell's ferry, 152, 454. Howell's mills, 466 (n.). Houghton : Joab, 516. House of Commons, 189, 417. Houston: W'illiam C., 34, 313, 347,
489.
Houten : John V., 183. Hubard: David, 261.
151
Hucheson : John. 435. Hucheson : William. 4:;r>. Hudinot : Samuel. 587. Hudson Bay Company. :\'<4. Hudson river, 484, r.tu. Hudson : Samuel. .'!:!!>. Hufty : Jacob. 169. Hugg : Joseph, 230. 582. Hugg : Samuel, 230. Hulick: Peter, 496. 594. "Hulk," 106. 108. Humphrey, 221. Humphreys : Stephen, 389. Hunlington, 547. Hunlock : Thomas. 543. Hunt, 279 (n.), 516 (n.), 551
Hunt Hunt
Abraham. 323 (n.). and Fuhrman, 338.
Hunt Daniel, 519.
Hunt Ellas, 479.
Hunt John, 79, 241. 441.
Hunt Nathaniel. 356.
Hunt Robert, 521.
Hunt Samuel, 153.
Hunt Wilson, 79, 186.
Hunter, 207.
Hunter : Andrew, 239.
Hunterdon county. 33, 34, 126, (n.), 166, 176, 190. 197 212, 213, 214, 230, 252, 256, 261, 279 (n.), 284, 292 (n.), 301, 309, 323, 323 (n.), 349. 351, 355, 356, 360, 389, 390, 430, 440, 452, 455, 473, 478, 495, 503, 516, 516 (n.), 517 521, 535, 538, 546, 558, 581.
Husk : Thomas, 350.
"Hussar," 375.
Huston : Thomas, 383.
Hutohenson, 194.
Hutchenson : Thomas, 360.
Hutchenson : William, 185.
Huyer, 309.
Hylor : Jacob, 350.
131
(n.», 260, 298. 350, 398, 489, (n.),
Ickler : William, 435.
Iliff, 12. 13, 14.
Iliff: W'illiam, 821.
Illumination, 220.
Imlay : James, 532.
Imlay : John, 33, 131, 245, 358, 532,
589.
Imlay : Peter. 49, 416, 428, 497. Imlaystown, 299, 313. Indian : Delaware, 363. Indians, 218, 241, 321, 380 (n.). —
Disguised as, 395.— Resembling,
467, 468.— Title, 364 (n.).—
Wars, 134 (n.).
"Independence": Fort, 491, 491 (n.). Independence of United States, 502. Independent States of America, 282. "Industry," 5, 250, 308, 315. 523. Infantry, 183, 217, 232. 264. 268.
273, 287, 289, 365, 371, 372, 374,
457. 458. 463, 487, 500, 564, 565.
— Pickets of, 487.
Ingersoll : Samuel, 315, 434.
Ingland : William. 581.
Inglish : John, 581, 582.
Inness : William. 330, 365.
Inslee : Jacob, 434.
Inslee : Christopher, 434.
Inslee : Ozias, 435.
Inquisitions. 364, 365, 385, 388, 400r 434, 470, 496, 529, 530, 534, 543r 545, 552, 568, 579, 581, 594.
Instruments of Association, 526 (n.)^
Ion, 499.
Ireland, 65, 131 (n.), 573.
"Iris," 340 (n.).
Irons : John, 387.
Iron Works, 233 (n.), 269, 483.
Irvine, 547.
"Isis." 106, 107. 354, 483.
Island Farm. 584.
Islands : P>ahama, 588.
IXDKX.
G31
Jack, 21, 26, 130.
Jackson : James, 612.
Jacobus : Garret, 519, 587.
Jaquish : David, 400.
Jamaica, 345, 426.
James, 78.
James John, 510.
James King, 122.
James Richard, 150.
James Robert, 150, 386.
Janeway : George, 153.
Janeway : Peter, 308.
"Jantasque," 354 (n.).
"Jason," 209.
Jay : John, 531 (n.).
Jay : Joseph, 121.
Jedouin, 370.
Jeffries, 370.
Jeffries : John, 496.
Jem. 260.
Jenkins : Griffin, 536. 587.
Jenkins : Jonathan, 515.
Jenkins : Trivia, 470.
"Jenny," 272. 315.
Jersey (see New Jersey}.
Jersey City, 43 (n.), 152 (n.),
(n.), 580 (n.). Jersey street, Elizabethtowu,
(n.).
Jessip : Daniel, 529. Jewitt : Cavilear, 545, 594. Jinkins. 336. 385. "Joanna," 369. Joe, 130.
491 209
J.
'•John," 5.
"John and Sally." 357, 396.
Johnes : Timothy. 381.
Johnson Andrew, 297, 521.
Johnson Benjamin, 535.
Johnson George, 470.
Johnson Isaac, 58.
Johnson J., 202.
Johnson Peter, 581.
Johnson Richard, 104, 192.
Johnson Robert. 366, 481.
Johnson Seth, 607.
Johnson Uzal. 587.
Johnson William. 434.
Johnson R. Winder, 327 (n.).
Johnston, 134.
Johnston : Thomas, 362.
Johnstone, 448.
Johnstone : George, 3.">4.
Joline : John, 489, 522.
Jolly : James, 317.
Jones : Andrew, 581.
Jones : Nathan, 27.
Jones : Thomas, 11, 303.
Josephson, 377.
Journeyman. 191.
Judge appointed, 128 (n.).
Juliet, 487.
Julius, 184.
Juries of Inquiry. 355.
Justice : Isaac, 582.
Justice of the Peace, 25, 151, 254,
343, 366. 470. Justice of State, 128 (n.).
K.
Kakiate, 568. "Katy," 118. Kay : Isaac. 10, 37. Kearney, 237. Kearney : Isabel, 534. Kearney : Michael, 534. Kearney : Philip, 534. Keasby : Edward, 33. Keeble ". George. 434. Keen : Elijah. 62. Keen : Nicholas, 168. 438. Keesby : Edmund, 169. Kegs : Battle of. 20. Keith : Isaac, 489. Kelley, 567. Kelly : George, 327. Kelly : John. 58, 581. Kelsay : William. 497. Kelsey : Enos, 511. Kenedy. 567. Kennedy, 274, 339. Kennedy : Charles. 480. Kennet Square. 231. Kent: David, 400. Kent : Erasmus, 470. Kernby : Noah, 470. Kerney: Revaud, 299. Kerr : Alexander, 356. Ketchel : Abraham, 503. Ketchem : Richard, 496. Kickline: Philip. 435. Kiker: Tobias. 387. Killn Hall, 131. Kindal : Joseph, 470. King, 429. "King George," 389. King Frederick, 93. 440. "King Fisher," 345.
King's Arms, 459.
King's bridge. 311, 322. 336. 344,
405, 426, 491. Kingsbury, 292. King's ferry, 281. Kingsland, 519. Kingsland : Charles, 529. Kingsland : Isaac, 587. Kingsland : Joseph, 385. 536, 587. Kingsland : William. 529. Kingsley : Frazer. 308. Kingston, 95, 173, 175, 266, 268,
298, 309, 334, 362, 415. Kings street, Trenton, 197 (n.), 398
(n.), 474. Kingswood, 535. Kingwood, 230, 260. — Church, 346
(n.). — Township, 350. 351, 546. Klnsey : Mootry, 606. Kipp : Nikasey, 529. Klrkbride, 208, 219. Kirkpatrick : Alexander, 34, 234. Kitchen : Andrew. 434. Kitchen : John, 434. Kline : Jacob, 435. Kline: John. 325. Kline: Philip. 434, 435. Kniphausen, 267. Knowlton, 435. Knox, 600.
Knox: Henry, 278, 279. Knox : Robert, 29.
Knyphausen, 561. 562, 563, 564, 565. Kotts : Conrod, 578. Kowatch, 184. Kuhn & Company. 523. Kuyper : Hendericus, 529.
632
INDEX.
L.
"L'Alemene," 354 (n.).
"L'Arinable." 854 (n.).
"La Chiruer," 319.
"La Fayette: Marquisde," 286, 287, 564.
"La Provence," 319.
L;iing : John, 330.
Lamb : Thomas, 470.
Lambert : Daniel, 104. 192.
Lambert : Joshua. 104. 192.
Lamberton. 49, 103, 213, 301, 414.
Lambertville, 97 (n.).
Lammonton. 302.
"Lark," 336. 357, 514.
Latham family : Memorial of, 151 (n.).
Laton : Samuel, 387.
Lauderbach : John, 537.
"Laughing Polly," 186.
Lam-ens, 304, 305.
Laurens : Henry. 273, 275, 276. 277. 291, 355, 488.
Lawell : Abraham, 382.
Lawrence: Elisha, 45 (n.), 138, 386.
Lawrence : James. 386.
Lawrence : John, 57, 386, 547, 584.
Lawrence : Thomas, 584.
Lawrence : William, 352, 377, 386.
Lawrenceville, 186 (n.).
Laws, 23, 56, 84, 85, 86. — For regu- lating prices, 98. — Repealed, 134, 135. — To erect a dam, 19S.
"Le Brave." 319.
"Le Caser." 319.
"Le Clement," 319.
"Le Engagient," 319.
"Le Fantasque." 319.
Le Fetter : Daniel, 387.
Le Grange : Bernardus, 356.
"Le Guerrier," 319.
"Le Hector," 319.
"Le Lele." 319.
"Le Marseilles," 319.
"Le Prolecteur." 319.
"Le Sagittaire," 319.
"Le Tounant." 319.
"Le Valliant." 319.
Leach: Josiah Granville, 151 (n.).
Leake : John. 607.
Learning : Thomas, 336.
Leather for exchange, 180.
Lebanon township, 303.
Ledden : James, 228.
Lee : Charles, 129, 226, 267, 273, 27.">. 277, 278. 281, 287, 288. 289, 291. 295, 306, 320, 346. 347, 548, 549, 550, 551, 562, 577, 602.
Lee : Gershon, 131.
Lee : Joseph. 355.
"Leeds," 205. 210.
Leedom : Richard, 605.
Leezear : Nicholas, 529.
Legion, 184.
Legislature, 36. 65. 74 (n.), 83 (n.), 88. 89. 113. 198. 232. 234, 289, 312, 347, 391, 407, 408, 413, 426, 446. 449, 450, 460. 461, 471, 479, 501, 503, 515, 559, 560 (n.), 589. — Act of, 25, 85, 256, 332, 378, •">< i. — Adjournment, 226. — Mem- ber of, -408, 447.
Le Grange : Bernardus. 356.
Leighton, 567.
Leighton : Baldwin. 274.
Lemmon : Michael, 435.
Lennox : David, 400.
Lennox : Richard. 400.
Leonard. 406.
Leonard : John. 386. 543.
Leonard : Joseph. 386.
Leonard : Thomas. 386.
Lerange : Bernardus. 401. 557, 568.
Leshier : John, 47, 48.
Leslie. 108.
Leslie's Ridge, 298.
Letters: Advertised. 197. — Of marque (see I'rirntco-ing).
Lewes, 318 (n.).
Lewis Matthew. 512.
Lewis Nathaniel.
Lewis Robert, 483.
Lewis William, 132, 483.
Lewiss mill boat, 10. 37, 80.
Levi, 21.
"Leviathan," 499, 524.
Leydecker : Jarret, 34.
Liberty, 204.
Lieu Hall, 346.
Light-house. 319.
Lincoln, 491.
Lindsley, 233 (n.i.
I.indsley : Eleazer. 325.
Linn : James, 33.
Linoleumville, 46.
Linsing, 97.
Linton : Ephraim. 526 (n.).
Linton : John. 528.
Llppencott : Richard, 387.
Lishman : Henry. 260.
Littell : John, 329.
Little : Christopher, 237.
Little Egg Harbor. 6, 39, 59, 226, 257, 308, 3.36. 353, 368, 396, 402, 403, 471, 472, 473, 523. 597, 59*, 602. — Forks of, 471, 472. — River, 592.
"Little Hope," 5, 10. 37.
Little Timber creek bridge, 445, 499.
Liverpool, 105, 107. 445.
Livingston : Colonel, 267, 305.
Livingston : Henry Brockholst, 531, 538.
Livingston : James. 4.
Livingston : Mrs., 310.
Livingston : AVilliam (see Horti-n- «««), 13 (n.), 25, 33, 90, 92, 102 (n.). 112, 116, 135, 163. 165, 166, 167, 231, 245, 255, 256. 257, 282, 310, 332, 355, 378, 379, 381, 413, 431 (n.), 453, 464, 465, 466, 492, 493, 503. 505, 515, 524, 569, 571. — Contributions by, 4. 124. 195, 227. 416. 417, 418, 419, 420, 485. 486, 488. — Letters for, 11. — Message to Congress, 231. U:;L'. 233, 234, 235. 236, 237. — Mes- sage to General Assembly. 83, 84, 85, 86. 87. — Ode by, 137. — Replies to letters. 14.
Lloyd, 274.
Lloyd : David. 583.
Lloyd : John. 442. 530, 558.
Lloyd : William. 438.
"Lofty," 140, 141, 480.
INDEX.
633
London, 5.".. 58, 194, 261, 310, 310 (n.), 323 I n. i. 329. 366 (n.), 370, 403. 405, 426, 485, 499. 514, 539, 560, 595, 596.— Gazette, 102, 105, 509, 561. 596. — Mob in, 182. — Papers, 158.— Ship ar- rived from, 241.
Long Beach, 35. — Cattle drowned, 147.
Long bridge, 185, 284.— Farm, 569.
Long hill, 31.
Long Island, 13 (n.), 77, 128, 255, 256 (n.), 263, 274, 280 (n.), 368, 378, 525. 539, 546.
Long : Joseph, 581.
Long : Silas, 581.
"Longmore,1' 389.
Longstreet : Aaron. 298.
Longstreet : Dirrick. 171. 347.
Longstreet : John, 191, 386.
Longworth : Isaac, 385, 536, 587.
Longworth : Thomas. 536, 587.
Loop : Christopher, 407.
Looper : William, 578.
Lord : Asa, 581.
"Lord Hyde packet," 370.
Lord : Isaac. 581. 588.
Lost, 174. 187, 198, 229. 239.— Book containing money, 183. — Brig. 8. — British ship. 24. — Lottery tickets, 7. 313, 530, 558 (n.). — Memorandum book, 248. — Money, 183. — Paper book, 577. — Pocket- book, 517, 580. — Schooner, 9. — Sleeve button,' 580. — Sloop and crew, 35. — Valuable papers, 530.
Lott: Abraham. 203, 397.
Lott : Daniel. 557.
Louis XVI.. 30.
"Love and Unity," 345, 358, 363, 433, 453.
"Lovely Nancy." 315.
Lower Makefleld, 317. 327.
Lower Penn's Neck, 532.
Lower Saucon, 200.
Lowery : Joseph, 435.
Lowery : Thomas, 131, 331, 349.
Lowther : James, 209.
Loyal Americans, 134 (n.).
Loyalists. 227 (n.).
Lozier, 32, 134.
M.
Maccaroni, 366, 367, 439.— Club,
366 (n.). MacMutrie, 34. MacNair, 439. Madison, 380 (n.). Magill : Nellie, 190. Magistrates, 350, 351. Magna Charta, 501. Maidenhead. 139. 140. 171. 172. 186.
227, 252, 293, 369, 383, 494, 519,
521, 610, 612. Maiden lane. 479. Maidstone, 405. Mail, 155. 370, 463. Mairs : Joseph, 386. Maish: Henry, 529. Maitland: John, 372, 373. 374. Maitland : Major. 372, 458. •"Major-General," 191. Makefield, 317, 327. Man : Matthias, 534. Manalapan, 551. Manamuskin creek, 198. Manahawken. 346 (n.). Manifesto, 486, 504. Manington, 474. Manning : Benjamin. 34, 490. Manning : Daniel, 413. Manning: William, 401. Mansfield. 469, 516, 523, 576.—
Woodhouse, 435. Man-of-war, 331. Mantua creek, 35, 105. — Bridge, 583.
— Making business, 240. Maples Town, 297. Market-house, 161, 172, 431, 467,
542 (n.). Market street, 330, 358, 377, 414,
598. — Wharf, 391.
Marpole : Northup, 582. "Marque," 318. Marines. 160. Maroquier, 228.
Marriages. 137, 150. 188 (n.), 452, 525. 546, 601, 602.
Marriner, 525. 546.
Marriner : William, 255. 263.
"Marydunceo," 357, 434.
Mars, 136.
Marseilles, 499. — Tavern, 530.
"Marselllors," 354 (n.).
Marsh : Benjamin, 534.
Marsh : Ephraem, 526.
Marsh: Mary, 526 (n.).
Marsh : Noah. 187.
Marsh : Obadiah. 191.
Marsh: Polly, 526.
Marsh : Ralph, 328.
Marsh: Sally, 526 (n.).
Marshal, 205. 210.
Marshal : William. 197.
Martha's Vineyard, 514.
Martin : Ephraim, 573.
Martin: Robert, 401, 557.
Marttnico, 340.
Marryott : Samuel, 403.
"Mary," 389.
Maryland, 11, 75. 179 (n.). 200, 210, 346. 492. — Battalion, 285. — Loy- alists, 562 (n.). — Regiment, 511.
Mason : James, 532.
Massachusetts bay, 179 (n.). — Col- ony, 195.
Matcheponlx, 576.
Matlack Matlack Matlack Matlack
Abraham, 28. Joseph, 28. Richard, 28. William, 28 (n.).
Matthew : David, 254, 255. Mawhood, 144, 167, 168, 170, 371. Maxwell. 118, 219, 238, 251, 266,
281, 285, 286, 293, 454, 458, 459,
461, 463. 600. Maxwell : William, 120, 385, 491,
492 (n.), 587. "May Flower," 353. May's Landing, 336, 396, 404, 469.
634
INDEX.
MVarty: Duncan, 401.
M'Caskey : Cornelius, 292.
MVlane: Hugh, 348.
M'Clenachan : Blair, 511.
MTonkey : William, 248.
M'Craken : Joseph, 300.
M'Culleck, James. 529.
M'Cullough : Benjamin, 515.
M'CulIough : Joseph, 202, 241, 339.
M'Cullum : Jacob, 515.
M'CulFy, 518 (n.).
M'Donald, 600.
M'Elroy: Archibald, 495.
M'Eowin : John. 43.~>.
M'llvaine: Polly. 602.
M'Kean, 404.
M'Kirnyno : Widow, 533.
M'Kiuley, 346, 445.
M'Kinley : John. 454.
M'Lane: William, 293.
M'Leod, 457.
M'Minn : John, 534.
M'Mullen: Robert, 312, 453.
M'Mutrie, 34.
M'Nachtane : John, 197.
M'Nave: Solomon, 262.
M'Neal: John, 316.
M'Ree : James, 489.
M'Shean : Barnabas, 391.
M'Whorter, 117 (n.), 542.
Mead, 304.
Meal market, 598.
Mease, 10.
Mechanics National Bank, 529 (n.).
Medical supplies, 358.
Mee: John, 13, 14, 82.
Meed : Richard, 470.
Meeker: Obadiah. 191.
Meeting-house, 479. — At Elizabeth- town, 524.
Mendham, 238, 239, 430.
Mennengerode, 97.
Mercer, 225.
Merchandise (see Sales) : Stolen, 202.
Merchant mill : Sale of, 481.
"Mercury," 24.
Meredith : Samuel, 542.
Merlatt : George, 440.
"Merlin," 97.
"Mermaid," 8, 118, 130.
Merrill : Joseph, 355.
Merrill: Richard, 400.
Mersereau : Andrew. 401, 557.
Mershon : Andrew. 7i>.
Meyer : George, 434.
Miamis, 128 (n.).
Middlebrook. 101, 364, 537.
Middle district, 361.
Miuuiesex : Contribution by a farmer of, 74. — County, 26, 27, 33, 34, 103, 116, 129, 173, 174, 175, 197, 233 (n.), 256, 297, 298, 302, 309, 400, 401, 402, 452, 45o. 490, 530. 534, 551, 557, 576, 581. — Land for exchange, 7. — Land for sale, 132.
"Middleton," 370.
Middleton : Mary, 60, 573.
Middletown, 228. 247. 263, 268, 269, 281, 287, 288, 308. 346 (n.), 386, 565, 566. — Point, 237, 255.
Mifflin, 451, 451 (n.), 557, 581.
Mifflin : Thomas, 28, 199, 451 (n.).
Military stores, 233.
Militia, 5, 6, 40, 62, 78, 85, 86, 87, 91, 133. 145, 146, 168, 208, 217, 22(i. 227. 230, 238, 255, 263, 265, 2C.li. 27.-.. 278, 279, 280. 282. 28.",, 287, 312, 331, 34r>, :;.->< i. 454, 458, 459, 402, 472, 475, 476, 478, 484, 485, 500, 504, 511 (n.), 516, 540, 544 (n.), 560 (n.), 562, 600, 606, 608. — Bergen county, 166, 256. — Boat captured by, 80. — Bur- lington. 166, 256, 263. — Cape May, 256, 263. — Cumberland, 145, 149, 159, 256, 263. — Essex. 166, 256. — Gloucester, 149, 256. 263. — Guards of, 92, 102, 129. — Hunterdon, 166, 187 (n.). 2r,Gr 263. — Middlesex, 166, 256. — Monmouth, 166, 256, 263. — Mor- ris. 166, 256. — Officers of, 282. — Philadelphia, 473.— Salem. 149, 256, 263.— Somerset, 166. 256, 296. — Staten Island, 246. — Sus- sex, 166, 256.— -Third Regiment of, 131 (n.).— Whig, 145.
Millack: William, 435.
Miller : George. 443.
Miller : Michael, 470.
Miller : Richard, 545, 594.
Miller : Robert. 183.
Miller: William, 508.
Millery: Michael. 312.
"Milley," 204, 210.
Millham, 518 (n.).
Millidge: Thomas. 387, 593.
Milnor: Joseph, 603.
Mills : Alexander, 61.
Mills : Peter, 434.
Mills: W7. Jay, 104, 553 (n.).
Millstone, 116 (n.), 141, 198, 245, 440, 500, 522.
Minister to Holland. 275 (n.). — Of American department, 81.
Minningerode. 97.
Minute intelligence, 155.
Minutemen, 279 (n.).
Mississippi river, 224.
Mitchell : Randall, 204.
Moliere, 319.
Mollis: Charles, 406.
"Molly." 316.
"Molly's Adventure," 315.
Moncton, 267, 274, 291, 295, 567.
Moncrieff, 253. 255, 263, 320.
Money, 381. 382, 473, 519.— Conti- nental, 95. — Counterfeit. 36, 223 (n.), 595. — Found. 329. — Lost, 182, 530, 580. — Stolen, 153, 213, 507, 555.
Money : Matthew, 470.
Monmouth. 34, 275, 276, 287, 299r 303, 325, 333, 581.— Battle of, 265, 266, 267, 268, 269, 272, 273, 275, 277 (n.), 278, 291, 296, 348, 439. — Coast, 160. — County, 22, 33, 34, 48, 49, 76, 138, 147, 150, 166, 170, 188, 197 (n.), 210 (n.), 256, 264, 273, 320, 322, 323, 340 (n.), 341, 343, 347, 368, 379, 386, 437, 442, 452, 453, 456, 465, 466 (n.), 477, 490, 554, 566, 597, 607, 612. — Court house, 174, 191, 282, 286, 287. 289. 294. 300, 309, 333, 334, 397.— Militia, 166.— Plains, 589.— Road, 287, 289.
Morrow : John, 578.
INDEX.
635
Montcrieff (see Moncrieff).
Montfort, 184.
Montgomery, 225. 458.
Montgomery : William, 495.
Montresor, 118.
Moody : John, 435.
Moody : Thomas, 37, 190, 384, 524, 539.
Moore, 79.
Moore : Amos, 538.
Moore : Daniel, 545, 594.
Moore : James, 594.
Moore: John, 414, 435, 595.
Moore : Michael, 529.
Moore : Peter, 455.
Moore : Samuel, 400.
Moore : William, 315.
Moore's Hall, 200.
Moores Town, 90.
Mordan : James, 435.
Morris, 530.
Morris Israel, 230, 452.
Morris John, 386.
Morris Margaret, 544 (n.).
Morris Robert, 33, 34, 386, 503.
Morris county, 33, 34, 57. 76, 104, 159, 166, 183, 203, 221, 223, 223 (n.), 228, 240, 256, 258, 329, 330, 350, 380, 381, 387, 429, 430, 480, 503, 505, 538 (n.), 542, 560, 568, 581, 593, 595.
Morris river land for sale, 162.
Morris Town, 8, 17, 22, 25, 29, 31, 82, 93, 104, 140, 149, 174, 187, 191, 192, 203, 271, 298, 299, 310, 320, 323 (n.), 324, 325, 326, 333, 346 (n.), 355, 360, 361, 363, 379, 397, 399, 415, 429, 432, 440, 444, 457, 463, 493, 508, 519, 520. 521, 538, 555, 581, 604, 606, 608.
Morrisville. 429 (n.).
Morrow, 477.
Morse : John, 545.
Morss : Amos. 524.
Morton : Jacob. 488.
Mott : Asher, 92.
Mott : James, 347, 490.
Mott: James, Jr., 34 (n.), 313.
Mounier : Ester, 131 (n.).
Mount Aetna. 53, 123.
Mount Bethel, 346 (n.).
Mount : James, 386.
Mount : John, 386.
Mount Holly, 38, 58, 78, 91, 108, 149, 197, 221, 221 (n.), 230, 233 (n.t, 251, 259, 315. 453, 454, 479. 521, 522, 535, 561, 599, 600, 00r>._ Court of Admiralty held, 6. — Iron works at, 269. — Land for exchange, 7. — Merchandise for sale (see Sales).
Mount Hope, 233 (n.), 429.
Mount Penn, 597.
Mount Pleasant, 340 (n.).
Mountaine : Tunis, 48.
Mountin : Richard, 435.
Mowrison : Peter, 536.
Moylan (Moyland) : Stephen, 211, 238, 452. 600.
Mud Island, 107. 539.— Fort, 109.
Mumford : Handle. 10.
Munday : Hopewell. 400.
Munday : John. 534.
Munday : Jonathan. 534.
Munday : Joseph. 400.
Munday : Nathaniel. 400.
Munday : Nicholas, 400.
Munday : Reuben, 534.
Munday : Richard. 400.
Mundroe : Nathaniel, 401.
Munds, 390.
Munro: Sarah, 221 (n.).
Munsell and Company, 505.
Munson : John, 258.
Munyon : Joseph, 470.
MUITOW : John, 470.
Muscarto, 210.
Musconetcung. 94, 262, 494.
Musgrove. 205. 210.
Mus Konetcung river, 214.
Myer: John, 328.
Naff : Jacob. 298. 299.
Nalon : James, 386.
"Nancy," 357, 402.
Nanglee : Jacob, 598.
Nantz, 426.
Nash, 225.
Nassau Hall. 435.
Navesink. 562, 566.
Navy. 193, 217, 271, 354.- 282. — Board. r>14.- ment of, 559 (n.).- regulation of, 4.
Neal : Christopher. 327.
Nealan : James, 48, 49.
Nealen, 497.
Nealen : James, 428.
Nean, 78.
"Nector." 354 (n.).
Neill : James, 316.
Neilson : John, 607.
Nelson : Andrew, 299.
Nelson : Annanias, 470.
Nero, 52.
Neshanec, 116 (n.), 141.
-American, • Establish- -Rules for
Newark, 22, 23. 32. 42, 43, 55, 117, 117 (n.), 149, 191, 231, 295, 364, 481, 485, 505 (n.)", 511, 525 (n.), 536, 542, 543 (n.), 557. — Acad- emy of, 22. — Bay, 43, 40~— Mountain meetinghouse, 151. — Mountains, 117, 509, 578, 581. — Post. 155.
New Barbadoes Neck, 32, 47.
New Bern, 327.
New Blazing Star, 46 (n.).
New bridge, 43. 44, 457. — Near Hack- ensack, 485.
New Brunswick. 45 (n.), 60, 79, 129, 141, 173, 176, 177, 180, 188, 197, 203, 204, 211, 215, 238, 239. 247,' 249, 250, 251, 252, 274, 277, 280, 281, 300, 309, 328, 356, 383, 388, 401, 402, 441, 456, 513, 525, 530, 532, 534, 538, 539, 540, 546, 547, 551, 572, 581, 584, 600, 605.
New Castle. 118.
New England, 336, 353. 354 (n.), 368, 560. — Colonies, 502.
636
IXUEX.
New Foundland, 354.
New Germantown, 204, '258, 303, 400, 478, 521.
New Hampshire, 179 (n.).
New Haven Colony, 52(5 (n.). — Con- vention, 98 (n.).
New Jersey, 6, 11, 21, 22, 23, 28, 31, 44, 56, 57, 63, 65, 66, 67, 74 (n.), 75, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 90,
93, 97 (n.), 110, 116 (n.), 119, 125, 126, 128, 133, 138, 139, 140, 141, 144, 145, 147, 150, 159, 171, 175, 176, 179 (n.), 180, 181, 183, 188 (n.), 189, 196, 199, 200, 203, 209, 212, 214, 215, 216, 227. 229, 230, 231, 232, 238, 239, 240, 241, 246, 250, 253, 255, 256, 258, 259, 261, 262, 263; 264, 265, 266 (n.), 271 272, 273, 281, 282, 284, 285, 293, 293 (n.), 294, 295, 297, 298, 300, 301, 310, 312, 315, 316, 320, 321, 322, 323 (n.), 326, 329, 330, 331, 332, 336, 337, 339 (n.), 340, 340 (n.), 346, 346 (n.), 347, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 3o3, 355, 358, 359, 363, 365, 368, 369, 370, 371, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 380 (n.), 383, 386, 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 394, 400, 401, 403, 404, 406, 410, 412, 412 (n.), 413, 414, 415, 429, 431, 431 (n.), 435, 438, 440, 445, 445 (n.), 446, 447, 452, 453, 454, 458, 459, 464, 465, 466 «n.), 469, 471, 473, 474, 476, 477, 480, 481, 483 (n.), 484, 488, 489, 490, 491, 491 (n.), 492, 492 (n.), 493, 496, 498, 499, 503, 504, 505, 507 (n.), 509, 510, 515, 516, 517, 518, 519, 521, 522, 523, 524, 525 (n.), 529, 530, 532, 533, 533 (n.), 534, 535, 537, 538, 543 (n.), 545, 546, 552, 552 (n.), 553, 557, 558, 558 (n.), 559, 559 (n.), 560, 560 (n.), 566, 569, 570, 571, 577, 582, 583, 584, 585, 586, 587, 588, 589, 591, 592, 594, 596, 597, 598, 599, 601, 606, 607, 608. — Almanac, 532, 536. — Brigade, 119. — Coast, 22, 147 (n.), 353, 371, 507 (n.). — Col- lege, 488, 489. — Gazette, 62, 174, 178, 178 (n.), 204, 233 (n.), 271, 277 (n.), 354 (n.), 382, 416 (n.), 446, 460, 491 (n.), 494, 514 (n.), 553. — Governor of, 602 (n.). — Land for sale or exchange, 7, 76,
94, 102, 103, 141, 160, 176, 214, 216. — Loyalists, 144 (n.). — Men. 199 (n.), 233 (n.). — Militia, 544 (n.). — Province of, 45 (n.), 134, 189. — Regiments, 116, 602.— Shore, 46, 96, 108, 128, 253, 265, 331, 376, 405, 525. — Skirmish in, 219. — Volunteers, 32, 148.
New Levies, 227, 325.
New London. 253. 609.
New mills, 12 (n.), 58, 184, 578.
New Port, 368.
New Providence, 431 (n.), 526 (n.).
New Shannech, 214. — Township, 80.
Newspaper. 155. — Suspended. »i(i2.
Newtown, 91, 128 (n.), 264, 382, 508, 55T.
New Utrecht, 525, 546.
New York City. 22. 31, 47. 55. 66, 90, 97, 98. 102, 115. 11(5, 11 X. l'J4, 129, 134 (n.), 137, 140, 153, 159, 160, 177, 189, 206, 218, 226, 227, 241, 246, 253, 263, 269, 306, 311, 318, 323 (n.), 330, 332, 336, 338, 340 (n.), 342. 344, 345, 353, 354, 368, 370, 389, 395, 401, 403, 405, 426, 454, 457, 458, 459, 461, 463, 464, 474, 484, 486 (n.), 491, 495, 499, 502, 505, 513, 516, 523, 524, 527, 531 (n.), 539, 544, 547, 560, 561, 568, 576, 577, 589. 594, 599, 601, 611. — Collector of port of, 152 (n.). — Colony. 195. — Forces, 300. — Gazette, 296, 390.
New York State, 32, 116 (n.), 117 (n.), 128 (n.), 151 (n.), 194, 199, 200, 319 (n.), 322, 327, 340, 346, 355, 377, 378, 379, 380, 457, 466 (n.), 494, 519 (n.), 586, 588. — Volunteers, 134.
Nicholas: Nathaniel, 308.
Nightingale, 581.
Nightingale: Thomas, 583, 588.
Nixon, 150.
Nixon : Thomas, 172, 481.
Noble : Anthony, 470.
Noel, 209.
"Nonsuch," 354.
Norris : Richard, 595.
Norris : Robert, 192.
Norris: Thomas, 302, 369, 384.
North. 55. 182, 193, 194, 195, 196, 208, 461. 501.
North America, 50, 105, 181, 189, 374, 551, 609.
North American. 366 (n.), 486.
Northampton, 406. — Militia, 78.
North Branch, 116 (n.). — Of Rari- tan, 215.
North Britain, 439.
North Carolina, 123, 179, 319 (n.), 327, 380, 426, 489.
North Castle, 321.
Northampton county, 452 (n.). — Mil- itia. 78.
North river, 24. 44, 311, 340 (n.), 454. 459, 463, 471, 558. 568.
North West territory, 128 (n.).
Norwood : Andrew, 401.
Nottingham, 39, 154, 284, 292, 292 (n.), 300, 360, 455, 542, 596, 605.
Nova Scotia, 13 (n.), 354, 544 (n.).
Nucom : Daniel. 612.
Nut Swamp, 565.
Nutt : William, 497, 522.
Oakeson : Samuel, 386.
Oakeson : Thomas. 171.
Oakison (Oakeson) : John, 355, 386.
Obituary, 601.
Obrey, 305.
O.
O'Brien. 370. O'Bryant : John, 582. Ocean county, 197 (n.), 597 (n.). Odell : Jonathan, 543, 543 (n.), 544 (n.).
INDEX.
637
Offices, 447, 448.
Officers of New Jersey, 492 (n.).
Ogden, 46. 150.
Ogden and Curtis. 327.
Ogden .-David, 385, 504 (n.), 536,
587.
Ogden : Isaac. 385, 587. Ogden : Lewis, 542. Ogden: Mary Cuzzens, 150 (n.). Ogden: Moses, 150 (n.). Ogden : Nancy, 150. Ogden : Nicholas, 385, 536, 587. Ogden : Robert, 515. Ogden: Samuel, 364, 505, 505 (n.),
530.
Ohio river, 224. Okely : John, 200. Okerman : John, 580. "Old Blazing Star." 46. "Old Brechan Club," 229. Old Castle, 280 (n.). "Old Crab," 209. "Old Figure," 209. Old Man : Contribution by, 476. Old Man's creek, 49. "Old Mariamne," 210. "Old Partner," 210. "Old Spark," 204.
Old Tappan, 447. 403.
"Old Woodcock," 18G.
Olden : David. 358.
Olden : Thomas, 414.
Oliver : Jonathan, 545. 594.
Oliver: Samuel, 545, 594.
Ontario. 224.
Op3yce: Itichard, 230.
"Opinion" of General Assembly as to articles of confederation.
Oporto, 390.
Orange, 117 (n.), 152 (n.). — Acad- emy at, 152 (n.). — County, New York, 200.— Prince of, 448.
Osborne : Elisha, 573.
Osborne's Island, 457 (n.).
Osborn : John, 241, 285.
Osborn : Samuel. 386.
Oswald, 278, 305.
Othello, 204.
Otter creek, 94, 262.
Otter hall, 34, 293.
"Ourtar." 210.
Outwater : John, 34, 293.
Owen : Elijah, 162.
Oxford, 435.
Oxford Furnace. 214.
Oyer (see Court) .
Pace : William, 55, 56.
Pacific ocean, 225.
Pack : John, 401.
Packet, 463, 609.
"Pacolet," 205, 210.
Pahaqualong mountain, 214.
Pain, 472, 473.
Pain : John, 17, 93, 174, 298.
"Palm," 272.
Pamrepough, 177.
Paper mill. 178, 233 (n.). — At Tren- ton, 604.
Paper : Scarcity of, 178, 604.
Paramus, 362. — Church, 580.
Park : Ozias, 435.
Park : William, 435.
Parker, 305, 307.
Parker: James, 323. 496, 522.
Parker: Nathaniel, 387.
Parker : Rear Admiral, 457.
Parliament, 182, 193, 194, 231, 394, 417, 419 (n.), 501.
"Parrott," 389.
Partnerships, 17, 39, 49, 59. 60, 93, 95, 138, 174, 233 (n.), 298, 303, 327, 338, 339, 481, 505, 519, 523, 529 (n.), 540, 554, 579.
"Pasquin," 155.
Passaic Falls, 579.
Passaic river, 43, 454, 472.
Paterson : Joseph. 365.
Patterson, 108, 138, 561, 566.
Patterson : J., 205.
Patterson : William. 35.
Pattlson : James, 110.
Patton : James, 580.
"Patty," 48.
Paudling's Purchase, 560.
Pauling's Kiln river, 214.
Paulus Hook, 43, 47, 491.
Paumier, 567.
Paumier : Mungo, 274.
P.
Paxson : Henry, 599, 600.
Paymaster, 28, 312, 406, 517, 538 (n.).
Payne : George, 468.
Peach-patch, 9.
Pearce : William, 470.
"Pearl," 105, 107.
Pearson : Joseph, 316.
Peck : Nicholas. 81.
Peeks Kill. 23, 320.
"Peggy," 434.
Peke: David, 529.
Peke : Samuel. 529.
Pell : John, 529.
Pemberton, 12 (n.), 58 (n.), 184 (n.) 346 (n.).
"Pembroke," 375, 376.
Penelapon, 189.
Pennington, 142, 150, 153, 180, 200, 261, 390, 516, 580.
Pennington : Edward, 585.
Pennsylvania, 11, 31, 62 (n.), 66, 75t 98, 105, 106, 117, 120, 159, 179 (n.), 200, 218, 220, 227, 230, 231, 233, 268, 280 (n.), 290, 293, 317, 331, 353, 365, 373, 375, 382, 420, 429 (n.), 461, 464, 489, 491 (n.), 600, 602, 605, 612. — Bridge, 280 (n.). — Evening Post, 44. — Fleet, 271. — Gazette, 44, 206. — Money, 52. — Troops, 197.
Pennypack mill, 483.
Penton : Abner, 169.
Pequacson river, 214.
Periani : Joseph, 229.
"Pericles" : Contribution by, 44o.
Ferine : Henry, 138.
Perine : John, 386, 557.
Perlne: Nicholas, 131.
Perrine : John. 401.
Persia. 224. — Emperor of, 102.
"Perseus" : Contribution by, 65.
638
INDEX.
Pershel : Abraham. 529.
Pershel : John, 529.
Persippeny, 538.
Person, 47.
Perth Amboy, 323, 323 (n.).
Peterson : Thomas. 34.
Pette: Robert, 309.
Pettltt : Charles, 6, 34, 112, 477.
Pettitt : Nathaniel, 6.
Pew : James, 386.
Petty's run, 517 (n.).
Phels Hill, 185, 452.
Philadelphia, 5, 7, 9, 9 (n.), 18, 22, (n.), 24, 35, 56, 57, 65, 78, 80, 81. 91, 96, 97, 102, 105, 106, 107, 117, 118, 119, 123, 126, 128, 129, 131, 133, 142, 144, 145, 148, 149, 155, 158, 162, 182, 184, 196, 199, 202, 204, 205, 217, 218, 219, 220, 226, 227, 229, 239, 245, 246, 255, 263, 264, 266, 269, 272, 275, 277, 278, 283, 296, 308, 317, 318, 321, 323 (n.), 332, 336, 342, 343, 346, 348, 349, 353, 358, 359, 361, 366 (n.), 368, 369, 371, 374, 375, 376, 384, 391, 404, 413, 414, 431, 439, 444, 451 (n.), 452, 471, 473, 475, 476, 481, 482, 483, 486, 491, 499, 500, 505, 511, 514, 514 (n.), 521, 530, 535, 539, 541, 555, 558, 561, 572, 584, 585, 588, 597, 598, 599. — County, 141, 293.
Philip II., 409, 448.
Phillips, 233 (n.), 612.— Colonel, 279.
Phillips, 185, 348.
Phillips: Joseph, 516.
Phillip's mills, 172.
Phillips: William, 139.
Phipps : John, 496.
"Phoenix," 336, 354.
Plum : John, 250.
Physician, 358.
Pickens : Andrew, 355.
Pickle: Nicholas, 355.
Pierce, 237.
Pierson : Aaron, 587.
Pierson : Benjamin, 385, 536, 587.
Pierson: Elizabeth, 39.
Pigot, 405.
Pigot: Robert, 524.
Pilesgrove, 62, 176, 339, 471, 533, 594.
Pilgrim : Francis, 496.
Pilot boats, 219.
Pike: Zebulon, 211, 211 (n.).
Pike's Peak, 211 (n.).
Pin maker, 211.
Pine robbers, 466 (n.).
Pine tavern, 176.
Pintar : John, 386.
Pinyard, 581.
Piscataqua, 340.
Pascataway, 346 (n.), 441, 464, 521.
Pitt, 182.
Pittsgrove, 27, 346 (n.).
Plttstown, 202, 212, 214. 227. 251, 252, 293, 351, 443, 528, 577.
Plantation, 7, 11, 26, 27, 103, 126, 132, 151, 151 (n.), 152, 161, 162, 176, 181, 192, 213, 228, 230, 251, 27JL, 281, 300, 309, 316, 337, 349, 350, 363, 364, 369, 383, 389, 416, 428, 429, 430, 454, 456, 466 (n.), 473, 486. 497, 508, 510, 513, 533, 542, 576, 578, 591.
Plaskett: John, 398.
Plato : George, 545.
Platt : Thomas, 58.
Plowman : Joseph, 211.
Pluckamin, 600.
Pluckimin, 74 (n.), 509.
Poems, 135, 501. — By a Jersey far- mer, 461. — Ode to Washington, 143. — The future glory of Amer- ica, 224. — The Macaroni, 366 (n.), 367.
Point Breeze, 323, 323 (n.), 348.
Point-no-Point, 5.
Pointing : Brereton, 356.
Pointing : Mary, 356.
Pole: Edward, 239.
Polemus : John, 386.
Polaski, 472, 498, 502.
"Pollacco," 499.
Pollock : Thomas. 327.
Pollock: Unice, 327.
Pomona, 136.
Pompton. 183. 432.
Poor, 289, 290, 547.
Poor man's lawyer, 1 (n.).
Pope, 544 (n.).
Pope: John, 469, 523, 544 (n.).
Portugese, 122.
Post : John, 579.
Post office in Morristown, 93, 103, 429, 440, 532. — Newton, 197. — In Trenton, 197, 532.
Post riders, 551.
Potter, 153.
Potter : Elizear, 400.
Potterfleld, 160.
Pottery, 518.
Potts : John, 272.
Potts: Joseph, 103, 589, 603.
Potts: Stacy, 180. 186, 398, 517, 517 (n.), 552, 596. 605.
Powder mill, 233 (n.).
Powell, 567.
Powell : John, 274. 320.
Powelson Corner, 509.
Powell : Thomas, 608.
Powelson Corner, 509.
Powles Hook (Powlis), 134, 218, 580.
Prat, 560.
Prat: Joseph (Pratt), 581, 583, 588.
Pratt : Benjamin, 363, 433.
Pray : John. 534.
President : College at Princeton, 488, 489. — Continental Congress, 353. — Delaware and Lieu Hall, 346. — Houses. 515, 524. — Respective States, 232.
Presbyterian. 380, 431 (n.). — Church in Flemington, 151 (n.). — Meet- ing-house, 426.
Price : James, 386, 478.
Price : Michael, 386.
Price: William, 386.
Priestman. 445.
Priences bay, 45.
"Prince Frederick." 260, 315.
Prince : Samuel, 28.
Prince's nursery, 77.
Princeton, 8, 13 (n.), 36, 74, 95, 136, 144, 149, 151, 155, 167, 178, 182, 185, 190, 204, 222, 226, 235, 236, 237, 239. 256, 257, 264, 269, 271, 281, 286, 297, 309, 310, 312, 313. 314, 330, 331, 340, 347, 352, 369, 370, 378, 382, 383, 384, 413, 427,
INDEX.
G39
435, 436 (n.), 437, 442. 465, 466, 488, 511, 524. 528. 532, 539, 551, 573. 581, 586, 591, 592.— Act passed, 98 (n.). — Assembly to meet at. 178. — Battle of, 168 (n.). — Clothing sent to hospital at, 76. — General Assembly ad- journed to, 147. — Hospital in, 116, 151. — Illuminated, 220.— Legislature to meet at. 226. — Markets at, 74 (n.). — Order is- sued. 167. — Real estate for sale, 239, 255.
Princetown, 370.
Printing office. 76, 178, 358. — In Trenton, 324.
Prior's mills, 134. 218.
Prisoners, in goal, 37. — Taken or ex- changed, 5, 8. 9, 13, 35, 44, 45, 46, 55, 98, 118. 127, 129, 133, 134, 134 (n.), 137, 145, 146, 149, 159, 206, 208, 218, 220, 226, 227, 237, 254, 263, 269, 272, 274, 275 (n.), 276, 291, 296, 307, 311, 320. 344, 361, 368, 370, 372, 380, 405, 439, 453, 457, 458, 459, 462, 487, 499, 523, 525, 527, 531 (n.), 532, 533. 568, 577, 588.
Privateer, 217, 265, 353, 389. 390, 404, 405, 426, 514, 560.— Boat, 458.
Privateering, 40.
Proclamation, 486 (n.), 530, 534. — A day of fasting to be observed, 163, 164, 165. — A day of thanks- giving, 569, 570. — Concerning distribution of seditious papers, 503. — Prohibiting intercourse be- tween Jersey and Philadelphia. 9. — Regarding enlisted soldiers, 119. — Rewarding the capture of criminals, 465.
Proctor, 500.
Prophecy by Elizabeth Shelby, 102.
Prosser : Jeremiah, 582.
"Provence," 354 (n.).
Provincial corps, 371. — Royal, 270. — Troops, 253.
Provincial Philies, 356.
Providence, 23, 514.
Providence Island, 105. 106, 108.
Provost troops of light dragoon, 413.
Provost: John, 532.
Prussia, 64. — King of, 182.
Pryer : John, 518.
Publication introduced by Tyron, 181.
"Publicola," 460.
Pulaski (see Polaski), 21, 91. 101, 102, 118, 183, 184, 299, 464, 486, 500, 516, 517.
Putman : I., 23.
Qnaco, 156, 157.
Quacker hill. 525.
Quackers, 145. — Massacred, 148.
Quartermaster-General. 177, 199, 212, 293 (n.). 451. 557, 581.— Clerk wanted by, 139. — Debts paid by, 28.
Quebec, 354.
Queen's College — • Commencement,
388. — Faculty, 240. — President of, 116 (n.). — Trustees of, 215.
"Queen Mab," 205, 210.
Queen's Light Dragoons, 564.
Queen's Rangers, 144, 273, 274, 563, 564.
Quibbletown, 204, 328, 530, 551, 581.
Quigley : Robert, 5.
Quimby : Joseph, 526 (n.).
Quinton's bridge, 145, 169. 170.
It.
Raccoon creek, 133.
Race street, Philadelphia, 343.
Rachael. 511.
Rags wanted, 178.
Rahway. 183, 524.
Raids. 91, 126, 128, 129. 144. 145, 148. 149, 171, 208, 237, 395.
Raindoleer : Christopher, 470.
"Raisonable," 107, 354, 610.
"Rambler," 607.
Ramsay, 305, 307, 596.
Ramsay : John, 444, 555, 606.
Rancocas river, 37.
Randle. 265.
Randolph, 477.
Randolph : Jacob Fitz, 56.
Rangers, 371.
Rapalje : Garret. 95, 263.
Raritan,' 116 (n.), 127, 240. 338. 397, 531, 538.— Landing. 175. 328. — River, 203, 558, 562. 584, 587, 600. 608. — Valley, 591 (n.).
Rationalis : Contribution by, 101.
Rawson : William. 470.
Reader: John, 262.
Reading, 156, 414, 452.
Reading : Family memorial of, 151
(n.).
Reading: John, 57,. 151 (n.). Reading : Richard, 607. Reading : Thomas, 150. Readington, 176. 199, 301. Readingtown, 298. 440. Receipts, 411, 412, 420. Recklesstown. 339, 440. "Recovery," 405, 434, 514. Red Bank, 96, 106, 108, 109. "Redmond," 389. Redstone, 329. Reed: Bowes, 6, 10, 34. 48, 80. !)2.
251. 258, 259. 272. 310. 357, 363,
434, 466, 470, 477, 571. Reed : Israel, 428. Reed : Joseph, 96, 106. 108, 109. Reed : Lewis, 470, 496. Reader : John, 350. Reedy Island, 128. Regiments, 166. 267, 280. 341, 464,
477, 516. 565.— First, 152, 209.
400, 516. — Deserted from, 134
INDEX.
(n.). — First, of Hunterdon. 279 (n.), 325 (n.), 327 (n.i. .>1<J (n.), 517 (n.). — First, of Mary- land, all.- — First, of Middlesex, 279 (n.). — First, of Monmouth, 341 (n.). — Second. 149, 348, 478, 478 (n.). — Second, of Burling- ton. 12 (n.). — Second, of Hun- terdon, 327 (n.». — Second, of Middlesex. 130 (n.). — Second, of Virginia, 601.— Third, 131 (n.), 151. 602. — Third, American New York Volunteers, 134 (n.). — Third, Maryland, 511. — Mon- mouth, 210 (n.). — Third, of North Carolina, 380. — Third, of Waldeck, 45, 46. — Fourth. 84. 515.- — Fourth, of Hunterdon, 187 (n.). — Fourth, of Light Dra- goons, 211. — Seventh. 42. — Twenty-sixth, 42. — Thirty-third, of Infantry, 307. — Thirty-third, 457. — Fifty-second, 42, 45. 46. — Sixty-third, 42. — Sixty-fourth, 457. — Seventy-first, 42, 160. — Allen's, 47. — Any of four New Jersey, 166. — Baylor's. 383. — Eland's, 322. — British, 255. 491. — Continental, 62. — Dayton's, 383. — Delaware, 252. — Foreign Troops, 321. — Mirbach, 96.— New Jersey, 256. — Xew Jersey Loyalists. 144 (n.)T— Of in- fantry, 232. — Prince Charlie's, 42. — Royal African, 156, 157. — Seldon's, 474. — Shreve's, 149. — Spencer's, 213, 325 (n.). — State, 279 (n.). — Taylor's 516 (n.). — Turnbull's, 134. — Van Boskirk's, 525.
Regrating, 25, 111.
"Regulus," 204.
Reeve: Henry, 198.
Reeves : Mary. 197.
Remington : Clement, 496.
"Renown," 354, 370, 610.
Republican government, 420, 421, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426.
Revolution, 117 (n.), 128 (n.), 131 (n.), 151 (n.), 278 (n.), 346 (n.), 366 (n.), 457 (n.), 482 (n.), 492 (n.), 544 (n.), 591 (n.).
Revolutionary War. 525 (n.).
Reynolds : Evan, 178.
Reynolds : John, 337, 493, 579, 605, 611.
Reynolds: Patrick, 12 (n.). .
Reynolds : Thomas. 12.
Rewards, 21, 26, 27, 20, 38. 39, 58, 77, 79, 81, 116, 120. 132. 138, 142, 150, 153, 155, 173, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 190, 197. 2<U. 2t»2. 211, 212, 215, 21U. 222. 22S. _"_".». 230, 239, 248, 249. i>51. 252. J.-.7. 258, 260, 261, 2(i2. 204. 271, 284, 285, 292, 298, 299, 300, 301, 309, 310, 314, 317, 321, 324, 325, 327, 328, 329, 330, 338, 341, 342, 347, 348, 352, 359, 360, 361, 362, 365, 376, 377, 383, 389. 390, 397, 400, 406, 414, 415, 427, 429, 438, 439, 445, 455, 456, 465, 467, 471, 478, 479, 480, 481, 493, 494, 497, 498, 507, 509, 510, 511, 513, 517, 518,
519. r,22. 530, 531, 532, 535, 537,
538, 541, 543, 54(3, 552, 554. 57:-i.
57S. 579. 5SO, 582, 586, 595, 596,
605. 612.
Rheynolds : Broughton, 545, 594. Rhode Island, 107, 118, 179 (n.),
340, 344, 345, 380, 396, 405, 475,
476, 610.
Rice : John. 336. 435. Rice: William, 4::r,. Richards : John. 32. 47. 134, 5-9. Richards : Nathaniel, 385, 536, 587 Richard : Smith. 362, 513. Richard: William. 49, 103, 414. Richardson : Thomas, 435. Richmond, 45, 46, 370. — County, 4$
(n.).
Richmond James, 400, 401, 532. Richmond John, 401. Richmond Jona. 541. Richmond Jonathan. 132. Rickerman : John. 529. Rider : Stephen, 529. Ridgeway. 442.
Riding-chairmaker wanted, 93. Rigdel: C., 58. Riggens : Thomas. 496. Riggs: Gideon. 363. Rightmyer : Coonrod. 435. Rjngos tavern. 213. 360. Rio Grande, New Jersey, 412 (n.). "Rising Sun." 402. Rising Sun tavern. 535. Riverhead, 128 (n.). • Rivington, 47, 48. Rivington : Jemmy, 270. Roadstown. 161. Robberies, 360. 537. 539, 554. Robbing : Samuel, 142. Roberts, 60.
Roberts : Bernard, 265. Roberts : Charles, 352, 611. Roberts : John, 404.- Robertson, 160 (n.). Robertson : Alexander, 542. Robertson : James, 12, 160. Robertson : James. 115, 116. Robins : Moses. 386. Robins : Zebu Ion, 321. Robinson : John, 582. Rockhill : John, 215. Rock: Mount, 134 (n.). Rocky Hill. 174, 175, 209, 266, 430^
611, 612.
Rodney : George. 568. Rodrow : John. 581. "Roebuck." 19. 105. 106, 107, 354. Rogers : Hannah, 384. Rogers : Isaac. 384. 385. Rogers : Samuel, 27, 34, 384. Roget : Stephen Joseph, 228. Roma : Henry, 529. Roman Legions, 183. Roorback. 134. Rope : Christian. 355. Rosby: John, 433. "Rose." 319, 320. Rose Letter of Marque, 547. Rosely : John, 607. Rosenkrans. 187. Ross, 188, 492 (n.). Ross : G.. 452. Ross : John. 382. 497, 512. Ross : Timothy, 521. Rossel : Zachariah. 6, 315, 599, 60Q Row galleys, 207, 220.
INDEX.
641
Royal Exchange, 158.
Roxborough : Land for sale In, 57.
Roxbury township, 221, 228.
Rue : Joseph, 138.
Rue : Matthew, 551.
Rulofson : Rulof, 355.
Runaway servants : Black, 21, 26. 58, 78, 138, 202, 260, 352, 365. 376, 377, 389, 511, 596, 612.— White, 78, 81, 142, 260, 264, 365, 535.
Runyon : Hugh. 542.
Uunyon : Reune. 400.
Rusk : Samuel, 612.
Russel : Hugh, 467, 468.
Russians, 65.
Rutgers College, 116 (n.^. 215 (n.).
Rutgers : Gertruyda, 557.
Ryan : John, 36.
Ryerson, 253, 593.
Ryerson : Samuel, 350.
S.
Saddler, 94, 191.
Sagitaire, 354 (n.).
Saint Mary's Church, 543 (n.), 544 (n.).
Salem, 90, 129, 133, 144, 144 (n.), 159, 161, 168, 169, 218, 316, 331, 346 (n.), 371, 438, 474, 593, 599. — Colt, 151. — County, 27, 33, 34, 62, 129, 133, 144 (n.), 148, 176, 256, 316, 339, 389, 406, 438, 452,
453, 456, 465, 470, 471, 498, 508, 515, 532, 533, 594. — In New England, 560. — Militia, 149, 256, 263.— Road, 583.
Sales : Administrators', 176, 177, 201, 297. — Admiralty, 6, 10, 48, 59, 61, 80, 90, 250, 258, 272, 301, 308, 315, 316, 334, 349, 356, 357,
358, 359, 396, 398, 402, 403, 404, 468, 469, 470, 514, 523, 585, 603, 607. — Auction, 26, 38, 48, 61, 104, 158, 172, 175, 176, 190, 192, 209, 228, 230, 238, 257, 293, 297, 298, 308, 315, 336, 339, 34i». 358,
359, 382, 384, 396, 397, 402, 403, 404, 430, 431, 432, 438, 442, 443,
454, 467, 468, 479, 511, 523, 528, 529, 540, 554, 569. 571. 578, 579, 583, 585, 591, 599, 602. — Audi- tors', 49, 192. — Cattle, 50, 94, 104, 262, 269, 297. 555. — Execu- tors', 38, 384, 455. — Executrix', 38, 384, 455. — Hogs, 95. — Horses, 7, 50, 61, 94, 95, 96, 104, 238, 249, 262, 285, 293, 297, 308, 309, 430, 455, 467, 468, 479, 480, 555. — Marshall, 37, 315, 349, 359, 396, 402, 403, 404, 469, 514, 585, 603. — Merchandise, 10, 29. 36, 37, 49, 59, 60, 61, 80. 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 103, 131, 139, 140, 141,
297, 298, 299, 301, 303, 308, 313, 314, 323, 324, 326, 327, 330, 336, 337, 338, 349, 357, 358, 364, 365, 382, 384, 396, 397, 402, 403, 404, <414, 429, 430, 431, 432, 433, 434, 442, 444, 445, 468, 469, 479, 493,
523*, 528,' 529,' 534,' 540^ 552! 554^ 555, 557, 571, 573, 579, 585. 587, 591, 602, 603, 604, 608. 611. — Merchandise : Sundry articles of, andirons, 190. — Beer, 330. — Bonnet papers, 49. — Brass ket- tles, 201. — Brewing copper, 364. — Brimstone. 174. — Castor hat, 429. — Cogwheel, 364. — Cotton, 337. — Deerskins, 468. — Drugs, 358. — Dry goods, 59, 61, 95, 140.
— Fishing tackle, 239. — Furni- ture, 61. 131, 201, 209. — Geneva, 571. — Gimps. 49. — Grain, 297. — Hair powder. 103. — Hardware, 60. — Household goods, 80. — In- digo, 49, 299. — Knee buckles, 433. — Knee garters, 172. — Lute- strings, 49. — Mittens, 60. — Paper, 49, 324, 358. — Pewter dishes, 201, 209. — Phaeton, 209. — Punch bowl, 384. — Rose pink, 301.— Rum, 59, 203, 231, 338. — Salt, 29, 336. — Satin pelongs, 314. — Shoe buckles, 431. — Snuff, 298, 299. — Vest buttons, 203. — Negro slaves, 120, 127, 188, 249, 251, 331, 349, 443, 479, 520, 522, 555. — Private estate, 158. — Real estate, 27, 48, 57, 61, 76, 94, 103, 120, 132, 141, 154, 160, 161, 162, 175, 176, 177, 192, 203, 210, 213, 214, 216, 228, 230, 239, 240, 250, 257, 262, 292, 308, 316, 323, 330, 337, 339, 349, 358, 369, 382, 383, 389, 390, 397, 416, 429, 430, 438, 442, 443, 445, 454, 455, 473, 481, 483, 508, 512, 520, 533, 534, 541, 542, 555, 558, 576, 578, 583, 584, 585, 586, 592, 593, 597, 598, 599, 602, 606. — Sheep, 94, 104, 262. — Sheriff, 176, 228, 230.
"Sally," 10, 250, 353.
Salt works, 6, 39, 40, 78, 170, 299, 308, 322, 323, 339, 477. — De- stroyed, 147, 159, 160, 500. — Located, 507 (n.).
Sambo, 156, 202. 241, 352, 376.
Sandier : William, 357.
Sandv Hook, 49, 159, 160, 219, 237, 275, 283, 291, 295, 296. 307, 311, 312, 318, 319, 321, 323, 342, 344, 353, 354, 370, 380, 381), 395, 445, 457, 485, 499, 524, 525, 539, 562, 566, 600, 609. 610.
Santa Cruz, 340 (n.).
Sarah, 511.
Saratoga, 84, 577.
Savage : Annette, 104.
Savages : William, 413.
Savannah, 134 (n.).
Saw mills. 442, 481.
Sawyer : William, 260.
Sayler: William, 496.
Sayre : Samuel, 259.
Sayres: Caleb. 385, 536, 587.
Sayres : Jonathan. 385. 536, 587.
Sayres: Stephen, 323 (n.).
Sayres : Thomas. 471.
Saunders : Abraham, 470.
Saunders : Dunham, 508.
Schanck : John. 2.">.~p.
Schenck : Jacob, 409.
41
642
JXDEX.
Schenck : Peter. 34 (n.), 141. IT.',. :;4:;. 345, inn. 533.
Schmidt. 115.
School : Boarding. 294. — Grammar. 388. 437. — Opening of, 130, 138, 240. COS.
Schoolmaster, 40. 192. 213.
Schoolie's Mountain, 55. :;5.~>.
Schooly : Andrew. 43.».
Schooly : William. 435.
Schooner. 217. 219. 265. 272. 315, 316, 353, 35(5. 363. 370. 375. 376. 426. 433, 4«8. 4(i'.t, 499. ;,14. 56M. 588. 603, 607. — Ashore, 9. — Cap- tured. 5, 15. 92. IIS. 253, 318, 320. 335.— Sale of. 37.
Schuylkill. 105.
Schuyler. 531 (n.).
Schuyler : Dirrick, 385. 536. 587.
Schuyler: Peter, 196 in. I.
Schuyler's ferry. 42, 43.
Schuyler's Heights. 43, 44.
Schuylkill river. 225.
Scobe: Timothy, 386.
"Scorpion." 340 (n.). 353.
Scotch Plains, 14'.i. 152. 1.S3, 328. 346 (n.), 414, 530.
Scotch prisoners, 492.
Scotch road. 426.
Scotch secretary, 486.
Scotch servant, 141.
Scott, 286.
Scott : Thomas, 434.
Scow. 592.
Scudder. 612.
Scudder : Corbit, 361.
Scudder : John, 133, 488.
Scudder : Joseph. 448.
Scudder: Nathaniel. 33, 589. — Ap- pointed to Congress, 1.
Scudder : Samuel, 133.
Scudder : Thomas, 133.
Scudder : William. 402. 530, 558.
Sebring : Roeloff, 34, 489.
Second street. Philadelphia. 162, 414, 598. — Salem, 369. — Trenton. 197 (n.).
Secretary. 396, 477.
Seeley : Enos. 497.
Seeley : Job, 496.
Seeley : Ephraim, 34.
Seldon. 474.
"Selim," 171, 204.— Old, 172.
Senate. 450 (n.).
Severns : John, 58.
Seward: James, 498, 522.
Sexton : Jared, 356, 516.
Sexton : John, 557.
Shaffer : Casper, 34, 515.
Shaffer: William, 325.
Shatter: William, 233 (n.).
Shaler: Timothy, 250, 272, 315.
Shallop, 61. 357, 434, 462.
Shamokin, 218.
Shark. 160.
Shark river, 159. 171, 347.
Sharp : Amos, 190.
Sharp : Anthony. 169, 471.
Sharp : John, 190.
Sharp : Samuel. 355.
Sharpsborough. 223.
Sharptown. 144 (n.).
Shaw, 187 (n.).
Shaw : Daniel, 496.
Shaw : Hezekiah. 4!>0.
Shelburne : Mayor of, 13 (n.).
Sheldon. 180.
Shepherd. 547.
Sherrard's ferry. 428.
Shields : John, 26.
Shinn, 59.
Shinn : Restore, 578.
Shipley : Elizabeth. 1O2.
Shippen : Edward, 558.
Ships. 19, 24, 97. 105. 106. 108, IIS, 217, 241, 246, 311, 318, 31!». :;3l. 340, 340 (n.), 342, 345. 353. 354, 364 (n.), 358, 363, 368. 370. 372, 373, 374, 376, 378, 389, 390. 403, 405, 433, 434. 445. 45:;. 457. 45s, 499, 539. 547. 585, 609. 61 u.
Shiras : Peter, exchange of land, 7. — Sale of liquors, 59.
Shoal Harbor. 276.
Shoemaker : Abraham. 473.
Shoors : Jonathan, 260.
Short Hills, 183, 462. 560.
Shreve. 129, 148, 149, 187, 209, 269, 279.
Shreve: Caleb, 490.
Shreve : Israel. 84.
Shrewsberry, 210. 216. 237. 287. 297, 321, 331. 342, 368. :',70. 380. 387, 466 (n.), 589, 597. 601. — Town- ship, 347.
Shriner : John. 535. 546.
Shute : William. 169.
Sibbles, 319. 404.
Sidneys, 137.
Silby, 305.
Silversmith wanted. 399.
Simcol, 145. 274. 474. 568.
Simmons : Edmond. 529.
Simms : Charles. 601.
Simson : John, 521.
Singer: Robert. 138, 172, 433.
Sinnickson : Andrew, 169. 515.
Sinnickson : Thomas, 34, 169, 336, 589.
Sion. 588.
Six Mile run, 213.
Joseph, 441. Josiah, 441. 442. Thomas, 355. 502. 525.
Cortland, 45 (n.), 46, 253, 401.
Stephen. 385, 387, 401, 536, 587, 593.
Skelton Skelton Skelton Skinner. Skinner
255 Skinner
557
Skinner Thomas, 534. Skirm : Abraham. 427. 428. 478. 605. Skirmish, 147, 219. 266. 463, 487. Skirm's mills, 172. Slack : Benjamin. Jr., 171. Slatterdam. 43, 44. Sleght : Matthew, 401, 539. Sloane: William, 249. Sloop. 6, 10. 34, 35, 48, 92. 97. 107,
160, 162, 250, 272. 3nl. .".its. ::15.
316, 318, 335, 336, 345. 349. 356,
359, 369, 370, 374, 375. 376. :;'.»<;.
402, 433, 434, 445. 453. 462. 46X.
469, 470, 472, 514, 560. 600. 603,
607, 609. Small-pox, 32, 467. 478.— Marked
With. 81. 260. 478. Smallwood (Smallwoods), 46. 547. Smallwood : Bayne, 607. "Smith." 389. 434. Smith wanted. 202, 259. Smith : B., 94, 155. Smith : Benjamin, 139. 249. 358, 528.
INDEX.
043
Smith Belcher I'eartree. 48S. Smith Daniel. 57. 1!H, 529. Smith David, 387. Smith Isaac, 34. Smith Issabel, 494. Smith James. :!.>.">. Smith John, 227, 386, 435, 568. Smith Joseph. 35... Smith Katy. 525. r>46. Smith Micajah. 434. Smith Xehemiah. 5X6. Smith Peartree, 525, 546. Smith Richard, 470. Smith Samuel. 386, 401, 545, 557. Smith. Tallman, 39. Smith William. 145. 400. Sinithfield, 539. Smock : Hendrick, 490. Smock: Henry 34 (n.). Smock : John, 237. Smyth : John, 534. "Snow," 405. Solomon : Hannah, 330. Solon. 440.
"Somerset." 105, 106. 107, 354. Somerset County, 29, 33. :i4. 55. 74. 74 (n.). 80. 128, 131. 137. 141, 159, 166. 171. 174. 1S5. 1 s7 (n.), 199, 201, 203, 209, 213. 214. 215, 221, 222, 240, 245. 241>. 256. 257, 279 (n.), 303, 312. 329. 33X, 352, 364, 383, 400, 401. 452. 456. 465. 498, 507, 508. 509. 512. 532. 537, 543. 552. 568. 577. 581. 586. — Court house, 74, 77, 215, 258, 301. — Goal, 573. Somersetshire, 221 (n.). Sorghum mill, 412 (n.). Son-ills : William. 52!>. Souder : Peter, 496. Sourland. 508, 532. South Amboy. 103, 130, 264. South Carolina, 113, 275 (n.), 320,
335. 491 (n.). South Hanover, 149, 381. South Rarltan, 74. South river. 249. Southold. 380 (n.). Spain. 52. 123, 531. — Deposed king
of, 323. — King of, 104, 448. Sparks. 41!t.
Sparks : John. 470, 582. Spanktown. 56. Spartans. 449. Snear : John, 529. "Speedwell." 272. 308, 315. Spencer, 212. 213, 325 (n.). "Spinner." 210. Spinning : Humphry, 257. Spotswood. 120. 132. 17S. 576. Spottswood paper mill, 325. Spread Eagle, 414.
Springfield, 29. 149. 151. 152. 15.., 174, 209, 260, 300. 329. 471. 52(i. 526 (n.), 581, 610.— Township. 569.
Spruce street, Philadelphia. 473. Squadron: British. 4'.is. 3tis. — By- ron's. 396. 457. — D'Estaing's. 342. 370. — French. 6 Id. Howe's, 319. — Toulon, 318, 609. Squam, 159, 160. Squan, 78. Squan Inlet, 170. Squancon, 347.
Squire's Point, 94, 262, 263. — Works
214.
St. Albans. 354. St. John, 45 (n.). St. Kins, ::::»;. sr. n>es. 335.
St. Vincent de Paul. 323 (n.). Stage, 403. — Boat. .".72. Stager : Henry. 519. Stager : Samuel. 5X7. ••Standard," 209. Stallcope : John. 470. Stanbury : Joseph, 543 (n.). "Stanley," 31 x.
Stanton : Richard. 3X5. :,:;i;. 5::7. State House, Philadelphia. 4X6. State street, Trenton. 197 in. i. 1 31
(n.). Staten Island, 13, 22. 22 in.i. 32. It.
45. 45 (n.). 46. 55. 56, 13d. 24*!.
253. 255. 25(i. 265. 27d. 29(i. 311.
320, 335, M'.Mi. 462, 472. 491. 5d2.
52::. 525. 562. Staymaker. 496. Stedham : John. 316. Steel : Alexander. 432. Steel : Archibald. 452. Steel : William. 530. Steenhaagen : Henry. 535. Stelle Christian. 464. Stelle Isaac. 464. Stelle Robert, 5S5. Stelle Widow. 12d. Stephens. 105. 382. 560. 588. 6d9. Stephens: David, 357, 434, 6d7. Stephens : Philip, 374. Stephens : Thomas, 400. Stephenson and Company. 519. "Sterling." 186. Stern. 562 (n.). Sterret : James. 511. Stevens: John. 515. 524. Stevens : Widow. 172. Stevens : William. 5. .7. Stevenson, 274. Stevenson : John. 457. Steward : John. 387. Stewart, 267. 279 (n.t. 305. Stewart : Alexander, 93. Stewart : Archibald, 430. Stewart : James. 93, 434. Stiles : Isaac. 5X7. Stiles : John. 545. Stiles : William. 385, 536. 5X7. Stillman : Zephaniah. 250. Stillwell : Enoch. 357. 434. Stillwell : Samuel. 386. Stillwell : Thomas. 386.
Stith. 477. 478.
Stoats Gap. 214.
Stock horses. 131. 139. 151. 152. 171.
174, 175. 1X5. 1X6. 1X7. 191. 2l>4.
205. 209. 210. 2X4.
Stockton: Annis Boudinot. 196 (n.). Stockton: Joseph. '•>'>-. 611. Stockton : Richard. 239. 283. 552. Stoothhoff : Cornelius. 383. Stokes: John. 315, 34!". 359. ::'.H;.
402. 403. 4d4. 469. 514. 5X5. Storms. 147. Stout, 149.
644
INDEX.
Stout' James, 284.
Stout Jonathan, 386.
Stout Joshua. 612.
Stout Peter, 386.
Stout Philip, 581.
Stout Robert. 387.
Straubenzi, 457.
Strawberry alley. 330.
Strayed or stolen : Hooks, 154. — Bulls, 542, 569. — Cattle, 586. — Cloth- ing, 342, 480, 537, 554. — Cows, 39, 302, 455. 521.— Harness. 221. — Horses, 27, 29. 38. 39. 77, 79. 132, 142, 150, 151. 155, 172, 185, 189, 201, 211, 212, 215. 216. 222, 228, 230, 238, 247, 248, 249, 251, 252. 257, 261, 271, 284, 285. 289, 299, 300, 301, 302, 310, 314. 317, 320, 321, 324, 327, 328, 329, 338, 347, 359, 360, 361, 362, 390, 397, 399, 406, 414, 415, 428, 532, 440, 443, 445, 456, 467, 471, 474, 478, 481, 493, 494, 497, 498, 508. 509, 510, 512, 513, 517, 518. 519, 521, 522, 531, 532, 535, 538, 539, 540, 541, 543, 546, 569, 578, 579, 580, 582, 605. — Household goods, 219. — Money, 153, 213, 342. — Negro, 184, 188, 573. — Ox, 542. — Saddlebags, 213. — Silverplate, 177, 325. — Sleigh, 221.— Various articles, 480, 507. — Watches, 32, 58, 261, 329.
Streets, 161 (n.), 197 (n.), 343. 473.
Stretch : Daniel, 496.
Stretch: John, 496.
Stretch: Peter, 231.
Stretch : Samuel. 4!»t;.
String : Charles, 588.
Stryker : James, 213.
Stryker : William S., 275 (n.), 293 (n.), 319 (n.), 323 (n.), 492 (n.), 502 (n.), 525 (n.), 531 (n.).
Substitutes, 166, 350.
Suckasunney Plain. 94. 183, 262.
Sullivan, 46. 199. 345, 405, 475.
Sullivan : Samuel IL, 79, 80, 81, 177, 201.
"Sun," 316.
Supreme Court : Justices of, 34. 245.
Surgeon in Heard's Brigade, 152.
Sussex County. 33, 34, 93. 128 (n.), 166 (n.), 200, 214. 2r>6. 346 (n.), 381, 435, 452. 4!is. 515, .'.22. 557, v 585.
Sussex Court House, 516, 517.
Sutherland, 43.
Sutliff: William. 377.
Sutton Jacob, 470.
Sutton James, 470.
Sutton John, 470.
Sutton Moses, 470.
Sutton Thomas, 470.
"Swallow." 371, 374.
Swan, 477.
Swan : Amos. 152.
Swanton : John, 582.
Swift. 547.
"Sybella." 289.
Symmes : Anne, 128.
Symmes : John Cleves, 34. 12S.
Synod of New York and Philadel- phia, 199.
T.
Taggart : John, 569.
Tailor wanted, 252.
Tailor: John. 215.
Tallman : Peter, 34, 269. 490.
Talman : Christopher, 386.
Talman : James, 50.
Talman : Oliver, 387.
Tanners wanted, 180.
Tan Yard. 517 (n.). — To let, 180.
Tapan. 42, 43.
Tappan, 457, 458, 499. — Old, 463, 516.
Tappan : Asher, 265.
Tapscott : William, 497.
Tavern, 46, 56, 79, 94. 120. 128, 132
(n.), 151. 176, 201. 213, 252.
329, 337, 360, 414, 493. 494. 4i»5.
.529 (n.), 530, 535, 581. — Good
stand for, 132.
Tavernkeepers. 29, 32, 79, 94, 128, 132 (n.). 151, 175, 183, 188, 198. 252, 299, 337, 359, 415, 438, 443, 493, 495. 529 (n.). 607, 611, 612.
Taxation, 181. 193. 194. 195. 392, 393, 394, 395, 407, 408. 409, 410, 411, 449. 544 (n.). — Act to raise money by, 577. — Objection to taxing bonds and bills. 67, 68, 69. 70, 71, 72. 73.
Taylor: Anthony. 521.
Taylor : Edward, 355.
Taylor: John, 196. 386. 516 (n.).
Taylor : Joseph, 356. 386. 588.
Taylor : Martin, 496.
Taylor : Morford, 386. Taylor : William, 386. Taylor : Yelverston, 335, 357, 433,
434, 468, 607. Teamdrivers. 200, 212. Templeton, William. 29. Ten Broeck : Cornelius. 508. Ten Brook : Henry, 542. Tenbrook : William, 328. Terminer (see Courts). Ten-ill : William, 400. Thackara : Thomas, 508 (n.). Thackry : Thomas. 508. Thatcher : Bartholomew, 355. Thomas : Ezekiel. 496. Thomas : Job. 581. Thompson, 511 (n.). Thompson : Charles, 451. Thompson : James, 141, 520. Thompson: John, 348, 386, 508. Thompson : Kobert, 435. Thomson Charles, 184, 296. Thomson Cornelius, 386. Thomson David, 503. Thomson John, 173. Thomson Lewis, 386. Thomson Robert. ::M;. Thomson Thomas. 169. Thorborn : John. 387, 593. Thorn : Joseph. 400. Thorn: Thomas, 386, 596. Thornton. 329. Three Mile run. 24!>. Throckmorton : John, 386.
INDEX.
645
Throp : John, 387.
Thunderbolt, 186.
Tilton : Clayton, 386.
Tilton : Ezekiel, 386.
Tilton : John, 386.
Tinney : Margaret, 309.
Tinny : John, 259.
Titus : Widow, 27, 533.
Tobacco manufactory in Burlington, 141.
Tombleson: Elijah, 162.
Tomlinson : Isaac, 34 (n.).
"Tommant," 354 (n.).
Toms : Jonathan, 258, 303.
Toms river, 22, 35, 226, 241. 345, 353, 358, 442, 453, 456, 477.
Toney, 156.
Tonkins : John, 29.
Tooker : Jacob, 545, 594.
Tories, 117 (n.), 134 (n.), 145. 159, 168, 169, 170, 194, 219, 227, 235, 269, 297, 321, 322, 332, 355, 395, 404, 410, 460, 463, 466 (n.), 475, 484, 488, 505 (n.), 525, 543 (n.), 544 (n.), 546.
Totowa, 611.
Tower of London, 275 (n.).
Townsend : Henry Young, 34 (n.).
Townsend : Richard. 515.
Tradesman, 202, 259, 500, 501, 502.
Transport, 118, 133, 196, 220. 245, 246, 269, 283, 311, 344, 368, 491. 525.
Transportation, 403, 572.
•"Traveller," 152.
Treason, 12, 13, 13 (n.), 211, 220, 235, 312, 404. 519, 530, 545, 583, 588, 593, 594. — Between France and United States, 206, 220 (n.). — Commissioners granting par- don of, 486.
Treasurer : County, 351. — Public, 451.
Treaty, 448.
Trelawaney, 274, 295, 568.
Trenchard : George, 169.
Trent : William, 430.
Trenton, 27, 29, 30, 34, 38, 39, 49, 76, 79, 80, 81, 83 (n.), 87, 90, 91, 94, 96, 101, 103, 119, 131, (n.),
138, 150, 154, 159. 172. 177, 178. 180, 184, 186. 192, 195, 197. 199. 200, 201, 208 (n.), 210, (n.), 213, 219, 220, 226, 227, 228, 237, 238, 241, 245, 248, 249, 252, 262, 266, 266 (n.), 267, 269, 271, 272, . 280, 285, 292, 292 (n.). 293, 293 (n.), 296, 299, 301, 301 (n.), 311, 314, 321, 323 (n.), 324, 325, 327, 332, 337, 338, 343, 344, 349, 350, 356, 358, 363, 372, 373, 378, 388, 395, 396 (n.), 397, 398, 398 (n.), 413, 414, 426, 427, 428, 429, 429 (n.), 431, 432, 433, 434, 443, 452, 462, 473, 477, 479, 482 (n.), 489, 493, 496, 497, 502, 514, 515, 517, 518, 518 (n.), 522, 524, 527, 528, 539, 540, 541, 542, 546, 552, 553, 555, 559 (n.), 568, 571, 578, 579, 580, 581, 582, 583, 588, 591, 594, 596, 600, 602, 603, 604. — Cork cutter wanted, 132. — Court of Admiralty held. 8, 10. 48. 92. — General Assembly met. .">•">. — • Goal, 79, 104, 189, 197, 296. 467, 478, 494. — Mills, 571. — Post office, 197 (n.), 532. — Procla- mation issued, 197 (n.), 532.
"Trident," 354.
True American : Contribution by, 446, 447, 448. 449, 450, 4.31.
"True American Inn," 132 (n.).
Tryon, 121, 123, 124, 181.
"Tryon," 319, 404.
Tryon: William B., 19 (n.).
Tyne, 210.
Tuckerton, 221 (n.).
Tuckeyhoo, 221 (n.).
Tudor : Henry, 159.
Turkey. 149, 241, 271, 309, 431 (n.), 518.
Turnbull : George, 134, 147.
Turner : Edward. 357.
Turner : John, 434.
Turner : Michael, 390.
Turpan : Thomas. 435.
Tuthill: Mary. 380 (n.).
Twelves : Godfrey. 535.
"Two Friends," 34, 588.
U.
Ulster county, New York, 200, 494.
-Unicorn," 252.
Union Iron Works, 585.
Union street, Philadelphia, 162, 473.
Unfted Netherlands, 409.
United States, 24, 62, 66, 84, 111, 131 (n.), 163, 164, 179 (n.), 184, 190, 197, 201, 206, 206 (n.), 211, 212, 219, 231, 233, 275, 281, 332, 340 (n.), 341, 348, 361, 404, 414,
418, 434, 441, 453, 461. 475, 492, 501, 504, 515, 532, 547. 551, 559 (n.), 560 (n.), 570, 573, 601. — Army of, 110. — By confedera- tion of. 112.— President of, 128 (n.). — Rum stolen from, 202.
United States lottery, 558 (n.).
Upper Makefleld, 317.
Urine: Gideon, 583, 588.
V.
Vail : Benjamin, 468.
"Vaillant." 354.
Vallev Forge, 11. 63, 76, 117, 196
(n.), 199, 200. 206, 220 (n.),
245, 246. 296. 601. Van Allen : Catharine. 176. Van Allen : Widow, 79. Van Allen : William. 529.
Van Arsdale, 612.
Van Beuren, 459.
Van Boskirk, 525.
Van Brockle, 237.
Van Bueren : John, 432.
Van Buskirk : Abraham. 13 (n.).
Van Buskirk : Jacob, 13.
Van Buskirk : John, 355.
640
INDEX.
Van Camp : Thomas, 55. '<(<.
Van ('leaf: Benjamin, 012.
Van Cleave. -"..'!-'!.
VaiiCleve: Benjamin, 34.
Van Cortland. 13 (n.).
Van Cortland : Philip. 350.
Van Cortland : William. 593.
Van Court : Elizabeth. 420.
Van Court : John, 324.
Van Court : Moses, 426.
Van Culer : Jacob. r>2.
Vanderbelt : Geromus. 80.
Vanderhoven : John. .",:: t.
Vanderipe : William. i:!2.
Vanderspeigel : Widow. 176.
Vanderveer: Garrit. 333.
Venderveer : Laurence. 363.
Vanderveer: Peter, 174.
Vandick : Abraham, 204.
Vandike : John. .".4.
Vandike : Hendrick, 279.
Vandike : Hendry. 198.
Vandike : Joseph. 342.
Vandike : Matthias, 175.
Van Duyn : Ann. 222.
Vanemburgh : Abraham. 529.
Vanemburgh : James. 529.
Van Geson : Abraham, 536. 587.'
Van Gieson : Abraham, 385.
Van Horn, 453.
Van Horn : Cornelius. 520.
Van Home John. 131, 252.
Van Home Mary Uicketts. 462.
Van Home Philip. 1 S5. 452. (500.
Van Home Samuel, 25o.
Van Horn : Lawrence. 529.
Van Kirk : John, 174. 197, 441.
Van Kirk : Joseph. 142.
Van Leer : Benjamin. 126.
Van Leive : Johannes, 605.
Van Marter : Chrionce. 386.
Van Marter : Daniel. 386.
Van Marter : Henry, 386.
Van Mater : Cyrenus, 283.
Van Meter : Jacob, 470.
Van Neste : Abraham. 498, 512, 577.
Van Neste : John. 512.
Van Norden : John, 401.
Vannordstrand : Adrian. 249.
Vannordstrand : Fulkert, 249.
Van Note : Jacob, 466.
Van Note : Peter. 386.
Van Note : William. 466.
Vanoorst : Cornelius. 529.
Van Vechten : Derick, 531.
Van Vorst. 47.
Van Waggoner : John. ::s5. r,:;i;.
Van Waggoner : Widow. 4.'!2.
Van Wagner : John. 587.
VanWirkle: Nicholas, 576.
Van Wyck : Abraham. 338.
Van Wyck : Helena. 338.
Van Wyck : Theodorus. 338.
Varnolds: Widow. 49s. 512.
Vaughan. 42. 4:i. 44. 122. 472. 567.
Veghte : Reyneer, 77.
Venus, 122. 158.
"Venus." 403, 434, 560, 585, 603.
Venture. 609.
Verbrych: William. 198. 214.
Vermeule : Andrean. 572.
Vermeule : Elizabeth, 573.
Vernum, 305.
Versailles : Court of, 282.
Vessels. 22. 37. 40, 48, 80, 92. 160, 102, 207, 208, 217, 21 s. 22(1. 241. 24<>. 250. 253, 258, 271. 272. 270, 308, 312, 315, 316, 318, 310 (n.i, 331, 340 (n.), 346, 348, 353, 356, 357, 361. 363, 368, 372, 373, 374, :!75. 376, 378, 395, 396. 4n2. 405, 433, 4.'!4. 454. 4ti2. 470. 472, 473, 477. 4S2. 4S.",. 4S4. 401. 4"99, 500, 502, 514. 525. 527. 531 (n.), 607, 609. — British, 539, 577.
Victuallers. 389.
Vigilance societies, 568 (n.).
"Vigilant," 100, 106, 107. 108. 246, 354.
Vine street. Philadelphia, 598.
"Viper." 375, 37t>.
Virginia, 75, 179 (n.), 195. 204. 225, 268, 290, 322, 340. 346, 354 (n.i. 382, 419 (n.), 426. 457, 458, 492. 539, 577. — Second Uegiment of, 601.
Virginians. 65.
Voght : Christopher, 355.
Voght : John, 355.
Volunteers, 13 (n.). 32. 134. 147, 148. 246, 255, 270. 475. 562 (n.).
Voorheese : Albert, 508. 5:;2.
Voorheese : Jacobus. 552.
Voorhees : John, 247.
Voorhees : Minne. 300. 328.
Voorhees : Roeloff, 456.
Voucher. 199. 2<>0. 227, 230, 347.
Vreeland : Derick, 529.
Vulcan. 122.
Vurlandt : Nicholas, 593.
Wade : Joseph. 92. 250, 316. Waddell : Henry, 76. 77. Waddington : John. 435. Waggoners wanted for Continental
Army, 199. Wagon Master General, 199, 200,
228.
Waldeck, 42. Walker : George, 333. Walker : Thomas. 4oo. Wall : James, iss. Wall : Jessie. 35<;. Wall : Joseph, 237. Wallace, 600. Wallace: James, 370. Walls : George, 536.
Wain's mills. 185.
Walten : William. 386.
Walter : John. 383.
Wantage. 34(5 (n.).
Wanted : Active girl. 240. — Appren- tice, 93. — Carter, 80, 198. — Cat-, tie. 75.— Clerks. 40, 139, 415. — Cork cutters. 132, 414. — Distil- ler. 189. — Farmer. 197. — Flax seed. 591. — Fuller. 376, 605. 606, 608. — Hogs' bristles. 528. — Horses. 94, 227. — Hostler, 495. — Journeyman, 191. — Nurse. 2->o. — Partner. 39. — Plantation, 11, 181. — Position by mouldmaker. 189. — Potter. 414.— Kags. C.o5.
INDEX.
647
— Riding chairmaker. 93. — Salt petre, 598. — Schoolmasters, to. 192. 213. — Silversmith, 399. — Tailor. 252. — Tanners, 180. — TeamdriTers. 200. 212. — Trades- men. 202. 259. — Waggoners. i'.v.i. — Wheelwright, 259. — Workman at press and case, 478, 540.
War, 198. 194. 195. 208. 231, 234. 278 (ri.), 283. 304. 82:!. 825. 4:!(i. 439, 448. 477, 488. 492, 501. 517. — Between France and England, 182. — Declared against France. 226.— French and Indian, 339 (n.).
Ward. 568.
Ward : Ebenezer. 385, 536, 587, 607.
Ward : Joseph, 595.
Ward: U/al. 385. 536. 587.
Wardel : Kbenezer. 387.
Wardel : John, 386.
Wardel : Peter, 386.
Wardel : William, 386.
Ware, 157.
Warner: Samuel, 401.
Warner : George, 435.
Warren : Samuel, 557.
Warren street. Trenton. 197 (n.), 398 (n.), 431 (n.), 517 (n.).
"Washington," 217, 375, 453.
Washington : George, 13. 57, 62, 76, 101, 118, 119, 131 (n.), 142, 143, 158. 179 (n.), 207. 236, 265, 266. 267, 273, 274, 276, 277, 278, 278 (n.), 279, 280, 282. 285, 291, 293 (n.), 295, 296, 304. 305, 311, 318, 320, 459, 475, 527, 547, 548, 549, .-,.-,(1. 5«o. 562. 563, 565. 566, 599. — Effigy of, 182. — Ode to, 135, 136, 137.
Waterford. 28 (n.). 151 (n.).
Watkins : David. 496.
Watson, 605.
Watson : Alexander. 400. 401.
Watson : John, 300. 455.
Watson : William, 29.1. 581.
Watson : Thomas. 184.-
Watson's creek, 217. 301, 376, 445.
Watt. 106.
Watt's: Family memorial of, 151 in. I.
Wayne. 81. 90, 91. 101, 128. 273, 286, ' 289. 290. 305.
Wayne: Anthony. 144 (n.).
Weather. 147, 297, 353. 368.
Weaver, 78.
Webster : John. 279. 414.
Webster : Taylor, 183.
Wedham. 514.
Wells : Daniel, 581.
Wells: George. 385. 587.
Wells: Harrison. 581. 583, 588.
Wells: Peter, 403.
Wells: William. 581.
Welsh : Hugh. 121.
Wert : Martin. 92.
Wessigh : Ludwig. 4:!5.
Westfield, 186, 229. 247. 431, 431 (n.). 526, 526 (n.), 606.
West Florida. 95, 263.
West India, 318.
West India convoy. 610.
WTest Indies, 253. 340 (n.). 419 (n.), 420. 464. 491 (n.). 492.
West Indies, 525.
West : Jacob. 200.
Westcoat, 257. 523.
Westcott : Kichard, 315, 602.
Wetherill : Joseph. 197.
Wetherill : Thomas. 185, 569.
Wharton : John, 361.
Whatmung Plains, 192.
Wheatley. 405.
Wheeler : John, 58, 385, 536, 587.
Wheelwrights. 202, 259.
Whig. 116 (11.), 131 (n.), 145, 236,
392, 416, 417, 466 (n.), 505
(n.).
Whilenack : John, 4:;5. Whillding: Mathew. 52::. Whillding : Seth. 523. Whltacar (Whitacre) : Robert, 470,
481.
White, 180, 211. White : Anthony W.. 300, 584. "White : Uritten," 387. White: David. 568. White Hill. 217, 372. 375. White : John. 519, 587. White: Josiah. 38. 387. White : Marsh. 108. White Plains, 322, 344, 368, 380, 413,
439.
Whitehall. 371. 561. Whitehead. 323 (n.). Whiteman : Anthony, 415. White's tavern. 581. Whiteworth, 318.
Wickes: Stephen, 117 (n.), 533 (n.). Wiggins : Thomas. 314, 331. Wigglesworth, 547. Wigstaff, 133. Wikoflf : Jacor, 387. Wildair, 186. Wilde : Jonathan, 52. "Wilkes." 204.
Wilkins: John. Jr.. 34 (n.). Wilkinson : Richard. 223. Willet : Thomas Stiki, 386. "William," 356. 402. "William and Ann," 188. Williams, 94. 443. 547.
Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams Williams
ouo.
Williams Williams
Hannah. 252.
John, 386.
John Rogers. 340 (n.).
Nathan. 536.
Nathaniel, 385, 587.
R.. 229.
Ranssaler, 10, 48, 92. 516.
Thomas, 252.
William, 79, 404. Willis, 567.
Willis : John. 545. 594, 595. Willis: Thomas, 10. Wills : Thomas, 274. Willson : John. 598. Wilmington, 102, 231. Wilson. 35. 65.
|
Wilson |
George. 95. |
|
|
Wilson |
Hendrlck, 352. |
|
|
Wilson |
John. 4oo. |
|
|
Wilson |
Peter, tss. |
|
|
Wilson |
Robert. 154. |
|
|
Wilson |
Thomas, 108. |
|
|
Wilson |
Thomas Spencer, |
109. |
|
Wiuans |
: Matthias, ::.v.i. |
|
|
Winant |
. L-II;. |
|
|
Winder |
James, 327. |
|
|
Winders of America, 327 |
(n.). |
648
I]STDEX.
Winds, 166, 223 (n.), 235, 256, 263,
462.
Windsor township, 455. Wiser : Frederick, 401, 557. Wiser: Jacob, 401. Witherspoon : David, 488. Witherspoon: John, 16 (n.), 33, 74
(n.), 130, 144 (n.), 437, 589. Witt: Francis, 138, 431, 443, 466,
529, 529 (n.), 540, 571, 579, 591,
603.
Wogglam : Abraham, 540, 541. Wolis : Lewis, 188. Wonters: Garret, 385, 536. Wood : Isaac, 198. WTood : John, 312. Wood : Joseph, 104, 192. Wood : Obadiah, 470. Woodberry, 7, 146. — Camped at, 110. Woodbridge, 98, 102, 183, 223, 246,
248, 255, 256, 472. 534, 589, 606. Woodfleld : Joseph. 445. Woodford, 206, 289, 547, 600. Woodhull : William, 34. Woodland, 496.
Woodruff. 503.
Woods : Peter. 385, 536, 587. Woodtown, 176. Woodward : Anthony, 386. Woodward : Anthony, Jr., 361, Woodward : Jesse, 386. Woodward : Thomas Lewis, 38G, Woodward : William. 386. Wooley : Benjamin, 387. Woolman : Jonah, 599, 600. Woolston : Jabez, 78. Woolwich township, 49. Worly: Henry, 128. Worth: Alexander, 22. Worth : Benjamin, 352. Wouters : Garret, 587. Wright: Israel, 343. Wright : Samuel, 466. Wright : William, 337. Wrottlesley : John, 307. Wycoff : Jacob, 249. Wylie, 203, 259. Wynkoff : Benjamin. 317. Wyoming, 218. — Valley, 559 (n.).
Y.
Yale College, 117 (n.), 380 (n.).
"Yankee Doodle," 336 (n.).
Yard, 187 (n.).
Yates : Richard, 385, 53$ 587.
Yerkes family : Memorial of, 151.
York county, 452.
York Town, 200, 492 (n.),
Young : Christopher, 435.
Young : David, 435. "Young Figure," 209, 210. "Young Mariamne," 209. Young: Morgan. 183, 430. Young : Peter, 355. Young: Samuel, 152, 197. Youren : John, 470.
Zabriskie : George, 265. Zabriskie : Joost, 297. Zambrisco : Albert, 529.
Z.
"Zebra," 499. "Zele," 354 (n.1. Zimmerman : Matthias, 435.
F 131
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