ISSN 0747-6078
Shells and Sea Life
JANUARY evo 1988
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Copyright © 1988
S&SL - CONTENTS — VOLUME 20, NUMBER 1.
5. On the Tongan Reefs. Neiafu, Vava’u Island, Kingdom of Tonga.
4. Melanellids & Sea Cucumbers. by Peggy Williams by Bob Purtymun 7. Shell Terminology 9: Swimming Nudibranchs. _ by Roland Anderson 11. on the Driftline_ — — 12. Clam by Scooter Beers 13. CURRENT ADDRESSES 14. CALENDAR
COVER ILLUSTRATIONS Miscellaneous printing cuts (engravings).
Editor’s Notes
Welcome to our 20th volume! We're still here and glad that so many of you are enjoying our publication. Thanks for all the calls and notes.
We have finally given up on the larger format. Our printing equip- ment simply could not handle the large size and with postal rates due to go up soon we did not want to raise the price of the publication. The October issue was a disaster forus. We were unable to complete printing the pages without cutting the sheets in half. Even then
we lost many pages and had to reprint .
the pages ourselves after giving up on the professional help. This limits us to the page size you see here.
Shell organizations are the heart of all malacology. Every professional malacologist I know started out as a collector and most belonged to one or more clubs early in their training. Today, memberships are declining across the board and at all levels; something must be done to reverse this trend.
One of our projects for this year is to do covers with logos for all the clubs. If your club is interested, send the artwork for your logo (must be less than 2 square inches) and $10 to cover the costs of having a cut made. We will use the illustrations on a least 3 issues during 1988 and if there is enough response, we may _ continue permanently.
We have also cut advertising rates and offer senior citizen, student, and club member subscription discounts. These lower rates and discounts make it possible for everyone to pursue their shell interests. If anyone is unable to subscribe, please write to us. Several courtesy subscriptions are provided by patrons.
Finally, please support our advertisers! Tell them you saw their ad in S&SL when you contact them. Subscriptions do not begin to cover the costs of producing the magazine, advertising helps keep the rates low.
S&SL 20(1) 3
Melanellids — & Sea Cucumbers
Peggy Williams Rt. 3, Box 28, Sarasota, FL 33580
One of the most interesting habitats of mollusks is as a parasite on other organisms. The"Sea Cucumber" is an echinoderm, related to sea stars andsea urchins, sharing the characteristics of tube feet and radial symmetry. Sea Cucumbers are soft-bodied, however, and move slowly across the ocean floor
ingesting sand for the nutriments found '
in it. When disturbed they have the ability to eviscerate, that is, disgorge
their internal organs, leaving the sticky ©
mass to trap or distract their attacker and crawling away to live on and grow new body parts.
Illustrations at right: i 1. Holothuria phantopus ‘ss 2. Holothuria squamata — 4. Holothuria fuscus i . from Griffith & Pidegon 1834
MELLANELLID
Many Sea Cucumbers are host to parasitic mollusks of the family Melanellidae, which live in and on the host’sflesh. Iunderstandsome canbe found actually living inside the larger animal, but all the specimens] have col- lected have been on the surface, cling- ing tightly so they must be pried off with afingernail. There may be as many as 6 or 8 specimens on a single Sea Cucum- ber, but they must be removed quickly before the host begins contracting its body in an effort to escape. Theyre also hard to hold on to because they're very smooth-sided and thus slippery!
psy * vost ce Beenage a oe oe reennehennan eae ane ‘as Med ‘ server ada ec
ait fee a cates
ohare cee (ou re ae
nicl si ORB teases
4 S&SL 20(1)
On the Tongan Reefs
Neiafu, Vava’u Island, Hinge er of Tonga.
Bob Purtymun
1200 Brickyard Way #407, Point Richmond, CA 94801
020986 Dive #2; 18.413S 174.01.6W Scuba 10-25 feet. 85 minutes. In the channel between Mala and Kapa Islands.
Sunday, Feb. 9, 1986. After lunch on the way back to Neiafu, our skipper anchored the boat in
the channel between the islands of.
Mala and Kapa. It is a shallow channel about ten feet deep, but quite wide. I would estimate the width at 5000 feet. The bottom is hard coral with a light covering of fine silty sand. “About fifty yards to the east of our anchorage was a small outcroping of coral that would produce astonishing results before the day was over. West of the boat was the dark blue of deep water.
David McLean, the local shell authority, (see HSN Sept., 1986), Andy Butler, Wes, and I elected to take the skiff out to the center of the channel to make our dive. The other scuba divers went off the big boat into the deep water, and the snorkelers headed out to the shallow water near the outcrop- ping of coral. The water was about ten feet deep where we anchored the skiff. This was a sheller’s dive. There were no spectacular corals nor colorful fish -- just a flat coral bottom with patches of fine, silty sand, a few dead coral heads and slabs and a
patch of antler coral here and
there. A sparse green, weedy growth added the only color. In
this type of area (a channel between two islands), the predomi- nant current usually runs from east to west, a fact that proved to be true here. On the western side of the coral heads, slabs, and clumps of antler coral, the silty sand was always deeper. Protected by these obstructions the current had piled up triangular trails of sand up to two inches deep, and four to six feet long. Carefully fanning this sand, I have found many sand shells. On this dive this habitat added the following specimens to my collection: Vexillum unifascia- lis, V. exasperatum, V. sangui- sugum, Imbricaria conularis, Domi- porta filaris, Otopleura nodicincta an ?Otopleura sp., Nassarius pau- perus, Terebra cinguilifera, T. affin- is, ?T. sp., Oliva miniacea, and two unidentified species of turrids. In the sand under the slabs and coral heads were two nice Conus textiles, four species of bivalves, and a Triphoridae (unidentified). On the bottom of these slabs were Morula fiscella, a ?Murex sp., Turbo petholatus, and two pectens attached by their byssus. Out in the open in the weedy growth I found a Conus vexillum to com- plete the dive.
(Continued next page) iY
S&SL 20(1) 3)
Bottom time on this shallow dive was 85 minutes, so two hours had elapsed from the time that we left the big boat until ourreturn. One of the deep divers in our group, Frank Miller, had used up his air fairly quickly on a deep dive. With plenty of time and energy left he had snorkeled out to the outcroping of coral to turn a few slabs. When queried about his catch on his return to the boat he held up a beautiful live Conus floccatus Sowerby, 1839 about two inches long. It was under a coral slab in four feet of water. Very, very rare in Tonga, David said that he had only seen one in the twelve years that he had been on the island. He collected it. Up/until now, I had never heard of one being found alive in shallow water.
020986 Dive #2 18.413S X 174.01.6W Scuba, 85 minutes, 10 to 25 feet.
In the channel between Mala Island and Kapa Island. The bottom is flat hard coral with patches of fine silty sand, a few dead coral heads and slabs, and a patch of antler coral here and there. A- sparse green weedy growth added the only color. In this type of an area, (a channel between two islands), the predomi- nate current usually runs from east to west. A fact that proved to be true here. On the western side of the coral heads, slabs, and clumps
of antler coral, the silty sand was -
always deeper. Protected by these obstructions the current had
piled up triangular trails of sand up |
to two inches deep, and four to six feet long.
GASTROPOD
2 Conus textile nn
4 C. vexillum an
1 C. marmoreus #4461
4 ?Clavus sp. #12805
1 Tiurrid sp. #12806
1 Vexillum unifascialis #12245 6 V. exasperatum #4126
_ 3 V. sanguisugum #4429
1 Imbricasia conularis #12246 1 Domiporta filaris #12254
1 @riphorid sp. #4456
2 Nassarius pauperus #7712 4 Oliva miniacea nn
1 Turbo petholatus nn
1 ?Murex sp. #7270
1 Morula fiscella #4457
1 Otopleura nodicincta #4460 1 7Ofopleura sp. #4459
2 Terebra cingulifera #4722 1 T. affinis #4723
1 Terebra sp. #4721
BIVALVE
Brachidontes crebristratus with oyster sp. on dorsum Chiamys squamosa #4471 Anadara antiquata nn Codakia divergens #4472 Fragum fragum nn
Fulvia tenuicostata nn ?Pecten sp. #4417
bivalve sp. #4458
_
ae oe a a a a
Next month we will return to the channel at the Mala Island to look for Fusinus and Mitra nubila.
S&SE 20(4)
Shell Terminology.
from The Mollusca and Radiata. Arranged by Baron Cuvier.... London, 1834.
. As we have inserted four plates in explanation of the terms made use of in conchology, it becomes necessary to advert - here to such of the references as could not be engraved on the coppers. .
The figures of untvalve spiral shells include,
1. An involute shell, with the spiral horns separate, and the siphon ventral. Spirula Australis (Peronii, Lam.,) Nau- lilis spirula, Gm.
9. A multilocular shell, the spire invisible, siphon medial.
3. A monolocular shell, subinvolute, columella plaited. Voluta musica.
4, An involute shell, emarginated or notched, narrow mouthed. Oliva littorata, Lam.
4. a. Shell without columella. Jd.
4, b. Shell with sulcated suture. Jd.
5. A globular shell, aperture semicircular, left edge cepts form. Nerita peloronta.
6. A turriculated siphonostomatous shell; a. anterior ex- tremity (inf. Lin.)—b. the canal—e. right or external edee— d. emargination, or notch—e. posterior sinus—f. umbilical ~ cleft—g. left or inner edge. Pleurotoma (Murex, Say, Ba- bylonza.
7. A turriculated shell, columella smooth and Eoneatedl Helix (Bulimus) zebra.
8. A monolocular ampullaceous entomostomatous shell; a, emargination, or notch. “Buccinum dolium, Lin. (Dolium maculatum, Lam.)
S&SL 20(3)
Yellusca Pl ih.
Univalve spiral shells.
London. Published: by Whittaker &: (“Ave Maria Lane t33.
S&SL 20(1)
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Abbott, R.T. 1958. Marine Moliusca of Grand Cayman Island, British West Indies, Philadelphia 143p, Ill, index, 8vo soft cover. - $15.00
Baba, K. 1949. Opisthobranchia of Sagami Bay collected by His Majesty the Emperor of Japan. Tokyo 207 p., 161 text figs, clr pls 1-50, 4to cloth, slip case box. Very scarce and important work describing many Japanese species for the first time with color illustrations. - $295.00
Friese, U.E. 1973. Marine Invertebrates in the Home Aquarium. Neptune, NJ,240p, color ill, 8vo hard cover. - $14.95
Gittenberger, E. 1973. Beltrage zur kenntnis der Puplllacea Ill. Chondrininae. Leiden, 267p, 7 pls, 24 maps, 146 text figs, Bvo soft cover. - $29.00
Hinton, A. 1972. Shells of New Guinea and the Central Indo-Pacific. 94 pages, 44 full color plates, sm4to cloth, dj, used. - $14.95
Hinton, S. 1987. Seashore Life of Southern California. [New & Revised Edition]. 217p., clr ill, 8vo soft cover. - $10.95
Holland, M.[ed] 74950's. Helpful Hints for Shell Hunters. Honolulu, sm4to, soft cover, 79p., ill, Owner name, some wear. - $7.50 Johns, V.P. 1968. She Sells Seashells. NY 198p, ill., 8vo cloth, dj some wear ow fine. - $25.00
Shells & Sea Life January 1988 Supplement
On the
3 = Zs nin Nat ite za an Ries ; 2aa\ 2 = jan ee ce : \\ Me ———y | Saat aes 2. U Figs = EN \ Fee li} RSS
Bookshelf
OPE
from Seashell Tre Treasures Books
Allan, J.K. 1950. Australian Seashells. xix + 470p., 44 (many color) pls., 8vo cloth, worn: - $45 American Journal of Conchology. Vols. 1-7. 1965-1872.
[28 parts], 153 plates, many hand-colored; 9
Fig. 4. Iv verrneoaa, Reeve. 5, * lurida, Anth.
" rhombiea, Anth.
portraits, 8vo halfleather. A good set of this rare work, complete. - $1295.00
American Malacological Union 1955. How to collect shells. Ist. ed. - $3
American Malacological Union 1961. How to collect Shells. 2nd. ed. - $3
American Malacological Union 1975. Bulletin of the American Malacological Union, Inc., for 1975. 95p., ill., sm4to wraps. - $8.95
American Malacological Union, 1974. How to study and collect shells. 4th ed. 107p, ill, 8vo soft cover. Excellent introduction to the range of conchological studies. Articles gathered through many years, written by acknowledged experts in a manner understandable to beginner and advanced collector alike. - $2.50
American Museum of Natural History 1958. Resultsof
the Puritan-American Museum of Natural ' History Expedition to Western Mexico, 1957.
All 20 Novitates & Bulletins reporting on the
expedition. Authors include: Emerson, Jacobson, _ Hertlein & others. Almost all articles on
mollusks or include mollusks. Owner stamps.
Bound in one large volume with dividers between each B parts $125. at
Anderson & Martin 1914. Neocene Record in the + poe Basin, California. 98p., 10 pls. Bound Anderson, F.M. & G.D. Hanna 1925. Fauna and Stratigraphic Relations of the Tejon Eocene at the Type Locality in Kern County, California. 249p., 16 pls., cr4to original wraps untrimmed, owner stamp. $25 Anderson, F.M. 1929. FV. Marine Miocene andrelated ~ deposits of North Colombia. p.73-213, pls. 8-23, cr4to photocopy, spiral bound. - $15 Anderson, F.M. 1958. Upper Cretaceous of the Pacific Coast. 378p., 75pls., original 8vo cloth, signature inside cover. Includes almost 200p. on mollusks and the majority of the plates. - $35 Anderson, R. 1985. Guide to Florida seashells. 56p., col. ill. SB - $3 Andrea, A. 1884. Der diluvialsand von hangenbietenim Unter-Elsass, .... 81p., 2 pls. Also: 1887. Die Glossophoren des Terr. a Chailles der Pfirt. 45p., 1 pl. Old boards with cloth spine. - $20 Andrusov, N. 1897. Fossile und lebende Dreissesidae Eurasians. 13p., 20 pls. Large 4to. Old boards with cloth spine. - $37 - Angel H 1982. The Book of Nature Photography. 168p., 100+ col & bw ill., 8vo cloth, dj - $18 Angel, H. 1981. The Guinness Book of Seashore Life (Britain’s Natural Heritage). 160p., color plates, maps & line drawings throughout, cr8vo cloth, dj, as new - $16 Angeletti S. 1968. Conchiglie da Collezione. Photos C. Bevilacqua. 80p., col. ill. 4to cloth. Italian text. 1968 - $14 Angeletti, S. 1973. Color Treasury of Sea Shells. Sea Shells. How to Identify and Collect Them. Introd. M. Tweedie. 64p.,col. ill. 4to cloth. Basedonthe original Italian edition. - $9 Angeletti, S. 1978. The Seas and their Shells. Translated by J. Richardson. 334p., 262ill. (250+ col.), Ig8vo cloth, dj torn. - $15
4 Ne ts oe helene Sea Life January 1988 Supplement
Baker, H.B. 1941. Zonitid Snails from Pacific Islands. Parts3and4. p.205-370, pls. 43-65, figs., Toy8vo, wraps. waterstains; several pages require separation. - $18
Baker, H.B. 1963. Type Land Snails in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Part II. Land Pulmonata...N of Mexico. p.191-259, - $7
Barnard, K.H. 1951. A beginner's guide to South African shells. 215p.,col. frontis. + col. pls.A-D,
_ + 32B-Wpls., 8vo blue cloth, dj worn. - $20
Barnes, R.D. 1974. Invertebrate Zoology, 3rd ed. “Saunders Co, 632p, ill, cr4to cloth. - $19.95
Barr, L., Barr, N. 1983. Under Alaskan Seas. The Shallow Water Marine Invertebrates. 208
_.__- pages, 241 color photos. Softcover - $15
_ Barrett, J. & C.M. Yonge 1958. Collins Pocket Guide to
the Sea Shore. 272p., 40coLpls., 40B-Wpls., 750+ ill, 280 color} ca 200 text figs., cr8vo hard cover, fine - $19
Barrett, R. & D. Patterson [eds.] 1967. Shells & Shelling. Florida, Gulf & Caribbean. Post Publ. _ Co., 64p., col. ill., 8vo, color soft cover. revised for 1970 edition. water stain, owner name - $4
Barrett, R. & D. Patterson [eds.] 1970 Shells & Shelling. Florida, Gulf and South Atlantic. Fletcher Publ. Co., 64p., col. ill., 8vo, color soft cover. revised as ’first edition’ by S. Romashko & Windward Publishing 1984. cover soiled - $4
_ Bartsch, P. 1909. Pyramidellidae of New England and
the Adjacent Region. p.67-113, pls. 11-14.
_ [uncut, good condition, some Staining on spine. ]- $30
__ Bartsch, P. 1913. The Giant Species of the Molluscan
~ Genus Lima obtained in Philippine and Adjacent Waters. p.z p.235-240, pls. 12-20. - $11
Bartsch, P. 1915. Report on the Turton Collection of
South African Marine Mollusks, with additional
notes on other South African Shells contained in «
the United States National Museum. 305p., 54 pls., 8vo wraps. [includes over 700 species} - $48 Bartsch, P. 1917. Monograph Melanellid. Mollusks.
a? Proc. USNM (2207): - $15 | _ Bartsch, P. 1917. The Philippine Land Shells of the Genus Amphidromus. U.S.N.M. Bull. 100, 1(1):1-47, pls. 1-22 (1 clr), tbls, 8vo wraps,
untrimmed. - $24.75 Bartsch, P. 1922. A Monograph of the American Shipworms. p.1-51, pls. 1-37, 8vo, wraps _ scorched. contents good. - $18
_ Bartsch, P. 1938. The Tree Snails of the Genus
Cochlostylas of Mindoro Province Philippine Islands. USNM Bull. 100, 6(9):373-533, pls 94- 120, 8vo wraps, uncut. - $32.50 Bartsch, P, et al 1946. A Bibliography and Short Biographical Sketch of William Healey Dall. _ p-1-96, 1 pl, 8vo wraps, Reprint 1975 - $15 Basly, J. Moluscos Marinos Del Norte de Chile. Spanish. 49p., paperbound catalog of mollusks of northern Chile. Black & white photos. - $11 Batten, R.L. 1985. Permian Gastropods from Perak, Malaysia. Part 3. The Murchisoniids, Cerithiids, Loxonematids, and Subulitids. p- = 140, hes 1- - 62. - $4
Chapin, H., Walton Smith, F.G. 1952. The Ocean River. Scribner’s, NY 325p., photos & figs, 8vo cloth, dj, library bookplate. - $15.00
Child J 1957 Shellfish of the Bay of Plenty. Periwinkle Press, Auckland, 48p., 70 figs., 8vo wraps. fading on spine - $9
Child J 1968 Australian Sea Shells. 3rd ed. Lansdown Press, Melbourne, 80p., color Photos & Grawings, wraps. - $14
Chilka Lake 1916 Mollusca Gastropoda and Lamellibranchiata, with an account of the Anatomy of the common Solen. Mollusca Nudibranchiata, Stages in the Life of Gobius, Petroscirtes and Hemirhamphus. Cumacea. Fish,
__ Pt. I. Mem. Indian Mus. 5:327-439, pls. [Authors: N. Annandale, C. Eliot, & others -very rare, needs binding] page edges chipped, not affecting text
~ . which is good - $40
Chukhchin VD 1984 [Ecology of the Gastropods of the Black Sea.] Naukowa Dumka, Kiev, 176p., ill., [in Russian], S - $17
Ciriacks, K.W. 1963. Permian and Eotriassic Bivalves of the Middle Rockies. Bull. AMNH 125(1):1- 100, 16 pls., figs. 1-4, cr4to wraps. - $18
Clarke, A.H. 1981. The Freshwater Molluscs of
pues 446p., 179 species illustrated, 8vo cloth, - $39.95
Gane A.H. 1981. The Tribe Alasmidontini, Pt. 1. Pegias, Alasmidonta, Arcidens. Smithsonian ‘Contrib. Zool. (326):101p., 4to, SB - $20
Clarke, A.H. 1985. The Tribe Alasmidontini, Pt. 2. Smithsonian Contrib. Zool. (399):75p., 4to, SB - $15
Clarke, A.H. [ed.] 1968. Papers on the Rare and Endangered Mollusks of North America. Malacologia, 10(1):56p., 2 pls. $8
Clayton JM 1974 All Color Book of Seashells. Octopus
_ Books, NY, 72p., 100 col. ill., sm4to soft cover.
cover marred - $10
Clayton JM 1974 All Color Book of Seashells. Geapes Books, NY, 72p., 100 col. ill, sm4to cloth, dj. jacket almost perfect, contents fine - $15
' Coleman, N. 1978. A Look at Wildlife of the Great
Barrier Reef. Bay Books, Rushcutters Bay, Australia, 128p., col.ill., cloth, dj. - $13
CNR N. 1981. A Field Guide to the Marine Life of South-Eastern Australia. Rigby Publishers Ltd., 167 pages, 200 color photos. Introductory ‘guide to fishes and invertebrates of the region. Includes scientific and common name, habitat, depth, size, , Tange, and abundance. ere ouaG - $20
Coleman, N. 1981. Shells Alive! 96 pages, 140+
_ photos incolor & bw including many living animal
photos, 7.75x10.25in cloth, dj. - $15.95
Coleman, N. 1985. Beginner’s Guide to Underwater Marine Biology. Neville Coleman, Australia, 48p.,
_ coL&B-W ill, SB - $12
Coleman, W., Limoges, C. [eds.] Studies in History of Biology. Vols. 1-7. 1352 pages in 7 hardbound volumes. Anexcellent collection of papers inthe: history of biology. John Hopkins Univ. Press, Baltimore, MD. $136.50 list price. Special offer for the set. - $100.00
Shells & Sea Life January 1988 Supplement. heh 7 5)
Dautzenberg, P. 1937. RESULTATS SCIENTIF-
IQUE DU VOYAGE AUX INDES ORI- |
ENTALES NEERLANDAISES de LL.AA.RR.
le Prince et la Princesse Leopold de Belgique. Vol.
II, Fasc. 18: 3. Familie Conidae. [Fi Mem. Mus. Roy. D’Hist. Nat. Belgique, 2(18):284p., 3 col. pls. 4to. new cloth. - $85.00
Davis, M.H. 1983. No Ordinary Clam’ Book. A Cook Book. Illustrations by Lois Ireland. 103p., 6x8.Sin, soft bound. - $7.95
de la Torre & Bartsch 1938. Cuban operculate land shells of the subfamily Chondropominae. Proc. USNM, 85:193-423, figs. 71-101, pls. 7-39. - $25
de Laubenfels, M.W. 1954. The Sponges of the West- Central Pacific. 306p, 12 pls, 200 text-figs, tbls. Cr4to soft cover (worn a bit). - $42.50
de Oliveira & de Oliveira 1974. Dicionario Conquilio Malacologico. 190 pages, sofibound. Spanish language dictionary of malacological terms. - $6
de Oliveira, M.P. 1969. As Conchas. Introductiontothe —
study of shells. Spanish. Softbound, 86 pages. - $4
De Spieghel 1952. "Gloria Maris" Shells. 80 p., 64 plates, Hardbound - $10
Deas W 1971 SEASHELLS OF AUSTRALIA. Rigby Lid., Adelaide 32p., col. pls., cr4to cloth, dj. - $12
Dekay JE 1843 ZOOLOGY OF NEW YORK, OR THE NEW-YCRK FAUNA; comprising detailed descriptions of all the animals hitherto observed within the State of New York... Part V: MOLLUSCA & Part VI: CRUSTACEA. State of New York, Part V. 271p., 40 col pls., spine covering missing, minor spotting, otherwise good.
* = $250
Emerson, B.K. et al 1910. HARRIMAN ALASKA SERIES. Volume IV. GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY... Palache, W.H. Dall, E.0. Ulrich & F.H. Knowlton additional authors. [An excellent volume with many mollusks] Smithsonian Inst.x + 173p., frontis., 33pls., 18 figs. col. folded map, cr4to, green cloth, top edge gilt, tissues facing pls. - $65
Emerson, W.K., Jacobson, M.K. 1976. The American Museum of Natural History guide to shells. NY,
__ 512p, 47 (16 col) pls, 8vo soft cover. - $12.95
Emerson, W.K., Jacobson, M.K. 1976. Guide to Shells-
_ American Museum of Natural History. 1000 illustrations with 47 pages of photographs, 16 full color pages, 512 pages, covers over 800 species.
_ Hardbound - $18
Forbes E & Hanley 1853. A HISTORY OF BRITISH MOLLUSCA, AND THEIR SHELLS. Vol. I. -
Including the Tunicata, and the families of
Lamellibranchiata as far as Cyprinidae. Vol. II. Including the remaining species. London, VoL .1:486p., pls. A-Z, AA-ZZ, AAA-SSS; Vol IE:S57p., 8vo full leather, some wear, marbled edges, some WS. - $350.00 Forcart L n.d. MOLLUSQUES TERRESTRES ET D’EAU DOUCE. [French] Payot, Lausanne, Switzerland, 21col. pis., sm8vo boards, copy No. 27 wom, author stamp - $17 © Ford, A. fed] 1951. Audubon’s Animals. Th Quadrupeds of North America. Outdoor Life edition, Studio Publ. Inc., NY, 222p., 156 illus, many in color, 4to cloth little worn. - $20.00 _ Fowler H 1911 Annual Report on the New Jersey State Museum including a list of the specimens and ~ publications received during the year. With a ~ Report on the Crustacea of New Jersey. State . Printer, Trenton, NJ, 65Cp., 150pls., frontis., 8vo . cloth. [150 plates including all Crustacea knownto - inhabit state waters] green, very good - $130 Fox WT 1983 AT THE SEA’S EDGE. An introduction te coastal oceanography for the amateur naturalist. Illustrated by Clare Walker Leslie. PHalarope Books, NY, 317p., ill, SB - $12 Francis-Boeus, C. 1947. Recherches sur le Milieu. Fluvio-Marin et les depots d’Estunire. [French] Ann. l'Inst. Oceanogr. 23(3):149-344, figs. 1-86, sm4to wraps. soiled cover, uncut - $17 Furneaux, W.S. 1911. The Sea Shore. 436p.,8 colorpls., 300+ B/W illustrations. Brown cloth binding, hand stitched. Some water staining and mended pages. Good coverage of flora and fauna of thesea shore. 50 pages on mollusks. - $52 Galindo ES 1977 INDEX AND REGISTER OF SEASHELLS. 533p., coL&B-W ill, SB - $32.50 _ Griefenede D 1981 BEITRAGE ZUR KENNTNIS DER OLIVIDAE. [Contribution to the Study of the Olividae.] [English language edition of this valuable olivereference. Eachofthecolorplates consists of 2 color photo prints of groups of shells. 340 specimens of 39 species. The quality is excellent. Deals with systematics, conchology © and anatomy as well as biology, ecology, behavior and evolution.} Acta Conchyl. Club Conchlia, Nr.1/1981:200p., 28col.pis., maps, SB - $60 Griffith, L.M. Intertidal Univalves of British Columbia. Companion to Intertidal Bivalves of British Columbia. Covers the gastropods of Western Canada and Northwestern U.S.A. Softcover - $5
6 Shells & Sea Life January 1988 Supplement
Grossu, A.V. 1981. Gastropoda Romaniae. Ordo Stylommatophora. 3. Suprafamiliile Clausiliacea Achatinacea. Universitatea din Bucuresti, Buc- uresti, Hungary, 1-269, figs. 1-140 including 4 fold- out maps. Hungarian, with English, French & German summaries. - $30
Grossu, A.V. 1983. Gastropoda Romaniae. Ordo -Stylommatophora. 4. Suprafam.: Arionacea,
. Zonitacea, Ariophantacea si Helicacea. Editura Litera, Bucaresti, Hungary, 1-564, figs. 1-321.
Hungarian, with English & German summaries -.
$60 Grossu, A.V. 1987. Gastropoda Romaniae 2. Subclasa Pulmonata. I. Ordo Basommatophora. II. Ordo Stylommatophora. Suprafamiliile: Succinacea,
Cochlicopacea, Pupillacea. Fourth publication i
in the Gastropoda Romaniae series with 442 pages, roy8vo soft cover, 237 text figures. Final
volume in the series. Written in Romanian with —
summaries in English, Russian, French and German. Latin names. Includes detailed anatomical drawings. - $45.00 Grzimek, H.C.B. [1972] 1984. Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia. 13 volume set, ca 500p per volume, fully illustrated in color. Crdto soft bound. Covers the
separately. Some clothbound volumes are still available at $49.95 each. Translated from the originalGerman. Postage and packing extra on _ this set. - $295.00 Grzimek, H.C.B. [1972] 1984. Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia. Vol. 3. Mollusks and Echinoderms. 540p., cr4to, hundreds of color illustrations. Translated from original German. Cloth, dj. - $49.95; Softbound. - $29.95
1V., V.—Conus ammiralis (Linr.).
Holmes, S.J., 1911. The Evolution of Animal Intelligence. Holt & Co., New York, i-v + 1-296, 18 ill. line & halftone. Cloth binding 8.5x55° spotted a bit, some pencil side lines in text. A good
. copy- $16
Hornell, J. 1910. The practice of oyster culture at Arcachon and its lessons for India. Madras Fish. Bull. 5, 90p., 8vo half cloth & boards, 6 pls., 7 text figs. re $35
animal kingdom. A - remarkable set which sells for $29.95 per volume
Houghton, Rev. W. 71876. Walks of a Naturalist with his children. Contains 2 parts. ist part. 154p. country walks. 2nd part. 154p. seaside walks. Bound together with good cloth binding. Good condition, gold leaf page edges. - $58
Houston Gem & 1979 CRETACEOUS BIVALVES _
FROM TEXAS. Houston Gem & Mineral Soc., 290p., ill, sm4to cloth. [large group of identification sheets, carefully bound] - $58 Howell, B.F. 1951. The Vogdes Collection of Trilobites. Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 11(11):257-328, pls. 1-13. - $7 Hoyt, M. 1967. Jewells from the Ocean Deep. The complete guide to shell collecting. G.P. Putnam’s Sons, New York, p. 1-258, 81 line & halftone ill - $18 ;
Jacobson, M.K. & W.K. Emerson 1961. Shells of the ‘New York City Area. 142pp, 150 drawings by A. D’Attilio. Hardbound - $10
Johnson, A.S. et al 1974. An Ecological Survey of the Coastal Region of Georgia. Nat. Park Serv. Sci. Monogr. Ser. (3):xv + 233p, 35 figs photos & maps. - 8vo wraps. - $12.50
Johnson, F.H. & MHaneda, Y. feds] 1966. Bioluminescence in Progress. Proceedings of the Luminescence Conference sponsored by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and by the National Science Foundation... Kanagawa- ken, Japan. Princeton Univ. Press, 663p., clr & bw ill, 8vo cloth, dj. - $65.00
Johnson, R.J. 1964. The Recent Mollusca of A.A. Gould. USNM Bull. 239:1-182. - $15
Johnson, S. Living Seashells. 117p, 235 color photos, 8vo soft cover. - $8.95
Johnsonia. Monographs of the Marine Mollusca of the Western Atlantic. Vols. 1-5. [All published, starting 1941]. Fifty numbers, some reprint editions, sm4to, wraps. - $300.00.
Johnsonia Volume 1 (Reprint) - $75.00
Johnsonia Volume 2 (Reprint) $75.00
Johnsonia. Monographs of the marine mollusca of the western Atlantic. Mus. Comparative Zoology, MA, Vol. 1(1)-5(50), some photomechanical reprint. 1941 beginning. - $300
Johnstone, K-Y., 1970. Collecting Seashells. A complete guide for both beginning and veteran collectors that explores the wonder, the beauty and the joys of one of the world’s most fascinating hobbies. Grosset & Dunlap, New York, 198p., ill. HB, cover soiled sand rubbed at corners - $20
Shells & Sea Life January 1988 Supplement 7
|
Kobelt, W. 1886. Catalog der Familie Melaniidae. (Nach Brot’s Monographie in der zweiten Ausgabe des Martini-Chemnitz.) Jahrb. Deu- tschen Malacozool. Gesell. 4:275-310. - $11
Koehler, R. An Account of the Deep-Sea Asteroidea collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator. I. Les Asteries de Mer Profonde. Pp. 143, 13 full pg tinted plts. Worn wraps, 4to. Calcutta, 1909. Very rare account. Text in French. Some text browning. - $25.00
Korringa P 1951 THE SHELL OF OSTREA EDULIS AS A HABITAT. Archiv. Neerland. Zool. 10:32- 152, 13 figs., tbls. (1 foldout). wraps - $18
Kosuge S & 1985 ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUEOF Latiaxis AND ITS RELATED GROUPS. Inst. of Malacology, Spec.Pub.No.1, 83p., SCA Sols )pls., SB. - $35
Kosuge S 1979 BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF MALACOLOGY TOKYO. Bull. Inst. Malaco- logy Tokyo 1(1-10):1-154, pls. 1-54, 8vo wraps. - $137
Kosuge S 1983 ILLUSTRATIONS OF TYPE SPECIMENS OF MOLLUSCS DESCRIBED. BY WILLIAM HEALEY DALL. Inst. of Malacology, 64p., 29B-Wpls., SB. - $18
Kozloff, E.N. 1973. Seashore life of the northern Pacific Coast. Univ. Washington Press, WA, 370 p, 299 color photos, soft cover. - $20.00
Kuhn-Schnyder, E. & 1986. HANDBOOK OF PALEOZOOLOGY. E. Kuhn-Schnyder & H. Rieber. translated by E. Kucera. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press 394p., 177 figs., 8vo cloth. - $24
La Conchiglia Published in Italy. International edition in English. many single issues - send list of your needs.
Lane, F.W. 1974. Kingdom of the Oetonne Sheridan House, 300p., illus., Clean copy d/w some creasing otherwise fine - $20
Lang A 1896 TEXT-BOOK OF COMPARATIVE ANATOMY. PART II. [translated by H.M. & M. Bernard]. Macmillan & Co., Ltd., London, 618p., 473 figs., 8vo cloth reading copy, worn & waterstained - $19
Langer, K-F., Bardach, J.E. & RR. Miller 1962. Ichthyology. Reprint of John Wiley edition by Toppan Printing Co. Ltd, Japan. 545p., numerous text figs, 8vo cloth, dj wear, ow near fine. - $27.50
LaRocque, A. 1953. Catalog of the Recent Mollusca of Canada. Nat. Mus. Canada, 406p, few R. Talmadge marginal notes, cr4to cover soiled & small tear. - $39.50
Laskey J 1811 XVIH. ACCOUNT OF NORTH BRITISH TESTACEA. Mem. Wernerian Nat. Hist. Soc. 1:370-417. front & back page photocopy - $15
Laszlo, M. 1983. Magyarozszagi Pleistocen es Recens. Malakologai Bibliographia. 116pp. - $20
Leaflets in Malacology. S.S. Berry, 26 numbers published 1946-1969. [index compiled by Forrest
Poorman} owner stamp some copies - $52
Lellak, J. 1975. Shells of Great Britain and Europe. [translated by Olga Kuthanoval] London, 235 p, 88 col pls, cloth, dj. - $15.95
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82 Shells & Sea Life January 1988 Supplement
Swimming Nudibranchs
by Roland Anderson
The Seattle Aquarium, Pier 59, Seattle, Washington 98101
Tritonia diomedea
Land slugs tend to crawl around in moist habitats leaving slime trails, coming out at night to munch our flow- ers and vegetables. Most are rather drab shades of green and brown which blend in with the vegetation they are eating or the decayed leaves they hide under during the day. Those of us acquainted with sea slugs know them
to be slugs of a different color,
figuratively and literally. Many are brightly hued. They
avoid eating vegetation, preferring to .
prey upon various other marine crea- tures, and some have developed a swimming mode used mostly to escape
predators, but also for species dis-
persal or finding better feeding grounds. Several have given up crawling entirely and spend their entire lives floating at the surface or swim- ming in the depths.
Nudibranchs use a number of meth- ods of swimming. Some nudibranchs use up and down flexions of the body, while some flatten their bodies
laterally and use quick side-to-side
flexions. Others actually flap their cerata or the sides of their mantles up and down like the wings of a bird, or make large undulating motions along the sides of the mantle which propel the animal forward. Few of these nudibranchs can actually make a directed motion toward a target; the swimming motions are used mainly to get the animals up into the water col- umn where currents may sweep them away from a perceived threat.
Perhaps suprisingly, many nudi- branch swimmers are the giants of the group; Tritonia diomedea is a prime example, growing to 200mm in length. This dendronotacean normally spends
S&SL 20(4) 9
its life crawling around on the sand preying on sea pens, but sometimes it encounters its enemy, the giant sun- flower star, Pycnopodia helianthoides. When this happens 7ritonia flattens its oral veil and its tail region and then flaps them convulsively up and down,
rising up from the bottom, hopefully ©
into a current that will carry it away from its enemy. Tritonia has been used extensively in neurophysiological studies because it has extremely large nerve cells in its ganglia.
The scarlet-colored Spanish Dancer, Hexabranchus sanguineus, another giant at 250mm, also swims by up and down flexions of its body but can also swim by flattening the margins of its mantle and pushing anteroposterior waves along it. This latter method of swimming has earned its common name, as it is highly reminiscent of the flowing skirts of a flamenco dancer.
Dendronotaceans such as Dendro- notus and Melibe swim by flattening their bodies laterally and flexing from side to side. It’s hard not to use superlatives when talking about nudi- branchs — a swimming 250mm rainbow nudibranch has to be one of the most beautiful marine sights, as its tree-like cerata flow with its body movements.
Melibe, on the other hand, has to be one of the most bizarre nudibranchs. Its entire body is a gray or browning jelly-like material. Its cerata are large flat leaf-like flaps through which you can see a vascular network. Perhaps its most unique aspect is its hood; the oral veil is greatly expanded into a hood with a fringe of tentacles. It feeds on small crustaceans by ex- panding its hood into a giant bowl, which then comes down onto a blade of eelgrass or kelp like a throw net, capturing its prey within. The hood is then deflated and the water is strained through the fringing tentacles, leaving _ the preyinside. Another distinctive feature of Melibe is its smell, like that of pungent watermelon and usually does not wash off very well. The odor is probably an enemy repellant.
The striking beautiful aeolid, the Spanish shawl, Flabellinopsis iodinea, swims by flexing its body from side to side, and another aeolid that swims is Cumanotus beaumonti, which flaps its cerata up and down on each side like the wings of a bird. The bullomorph bubble shell, Gastropteron pacificum, has extensions of its mantle on each side of its body which it also flaps up and down like wings; at certain times of the year these bubble shells are highly prevalent in plankton samples.
There is a rather flamboyant dendronotacean found in the Car- ibbean that exhibits still another method of swimming. Bomella calcar- ata flattens its body laterally then makes sinuous contractions of its mus- cles resulting in a snake-like motion through the water.
Although not a true swimmer the icy blue aeolidacean Glaucus merits atten- tion because of its uniqueness. Glaucus swallows an air bubble which buoys it up against the surface where it floats or crawls on the underside of the surface film. Its claim to fame is that it eats the Portugese man-of-war, the Stinging jellyfish. Like other aeolid- aceans Glaucus stores the undischarged nematocysts (stinging cells) of the jellyfish in its cerata, using them for its own defense; therefore, Glaucus can sting the unwary as badly as the Portugese man-of-war. Glaucus itself is preyed on by another interesting gas- tropod, the floating snail Janthina. Glaucus is camouflaged like many other open-water creatures: dark blue above and lighter colored below; from above it blends in with the deep blue of the open ocean and from below it blends in with bright sky.
Many other small nudibranchs’ spend part or all of their lives either floating in the water column or crawl- ing on the underside of the surface film. There are also many other swimming nudibranchs not mentioned in this article; for additional informa- tion on swimming slugs see Wesley Farmer’s “Swimming Gastropods" in The Veliger 13(1).
10 S&SL 20(1)
onthe ORUET LINE _ _
from Seattle, WA
Gastropod Power. Slugging it out. Maybe it was for all that poisonous bait scattered around flower and vegetable gardens this summer.
Maybe it was for all the gratuitous "YUK!" insults uttered by hundreds of humans whosight - squishy slugs and their trails of slime.
We shouldn’t be so anthropomorphic — but it’s hard to resist thinking that the much- maligned slugs got a little revenge the other day.
Aslug crawled into an underground vault and shorted out an electric transformer with its slime trail, Tacoma City Light reported, leaving thousands of Lakewood residents without power for more than three hours.
Predictably, the wandering gastropod did not survive the incident. "The slugcould not stand the shock," said a City Light spokeswoman. "Heisnolongerwith us." (Howshe knewitwas a "he" wasn’t disclosed.)
Or maybe the little land mollusk was just confused and looking for companionship. What do we call those little metal pieces that we knock out of electrical boxes? That’s right: slugs. -- from Seattle Times, August 25, 1984. provided by Roland Anderson.
from Laguna Hills, CA
David Berschauer is preparing a paper on a behavioral stury of Fasciolaridae of St. Joseph’s Bay, Florida.
from Emily Vokes, Harry Lee et al I know you will hear this from others -- the photo on p. 9 (October S&SL) as Ceratostoma
foliata is not but is probably Searlesia dira
(Reeve). from Wilton, CT
I want Recent Brachiopods with detailed
collecting data. I don’t have trading material as
yet but I’m willing to purchase or reimburse
postage. Kerry Yellin, 152 Spoonwood Rd, Wilton, CT 06897 (203) 762-5021
from Laguna Niguel, CA
I currently have some 8,000 shells from many different places in the world — good to gem condition. I would like tosend outsome to any museums that would be interested in them. ‘Contact: Stephanie Prince, 24242 Via Aquara, Laguna Niguel, CA 92677.
from Los Angeles, CA
Curatorial Assistant in Invertebrate Zoology at the L.A. County Museum of Natural History to assist with NSF funded program in support of museum crustacean program -- part or full time. Contact: Mr. Hans G. Kuck (213) 744-3450.
from Russia
..with best feelings and hearty wishes for a happy and prosperous New Year 1988!! Dr. I. Roginskaya, Academy of Sciences, Moscow.
. from San Francisco, CA
The City & County of San Francisco has been accepting applications for Marine Biologist and Senior Marine Biologist. Interested persons may obtain an application from Jose Lebron, Civil Service Commission, 646 Van Ness Ave., San Francisco, CA 94102, (415) 558-2913
from Australia
Joe & Nell Rinkens wish to advise that they have moved to 10 Richardson Street. Their new address is: P.O. Box 418, Port Hedland 6721, Australia.
from Santa Barbara, CA
..the Santa Barbara Shell Club is pleased to announce the availability of funds to support student reasearch in malacology through the Sara T. DeLaney Scholarship. Completed applications must be received no later than 1 June, 1988. Contact Paul Scott, Santa Barbara Shell Club, P.O. Box 30191, Santa Barbara, CA 93130 (805) 682-4711.
from Alaska
I am still well bogged down in fish and have done nothing with mollusks yet this winter. — Rae Baxter, Box96, Bethel, AK99559 [ed.-the second printing of Rae’s "Mollusks of Alaska" is nearing completion and prepaid orders will be shipped in the next two weeks].
from Houston, TX The Houston Conchology Society... is preparing for its annual shell auction to be held
_ in April, 1987. The proceéds from this auction
help to cover the ever increasing costs of publishing our quarterly scientific bulletin, The Texas Conchologist. Our society would welcome any shells, coral, shell books, shell crafts or other related items you might wish to donate. Please send any packages or correspondence to: Sandra W. Clark, Auction Chairman, 7902 Captain, Houston, TX 77036.
S&SL 20(1) 11
CLAM by SCOOTER BEERS
BOY, LOOK AT THOSE SKIERS/ ap ;
SHOOSHING.
es 2a ea
dl 1 BENS SO,WHERE'S
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Current
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ou do NOT want your address isted here, please tell us when you write to us.
Rosemary Adams 13346 Birchwood Sunnymead, CA 92388
James L. Barnett _ 225 Session Road Baguio, Philippines George & Paula Barton 620 S. Nevada St. Oceanside, CA 92054 619-722-7281
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Jo Bennett 1559 Tredegar Dr. Fort Meyers, FL 33907
Hans Bertsch 2511 W. Sunflower T-9 Santa Ana, CA 92704
Ed & Justyn Blackwell 311 2nd Ave N.E. Carmel, IN 46032
Dr. Phillipe Bouchet Museum d'Histoire Naturelle 55 Rue de Buffon
75005. Paris, France
Susan & Bobby Boyd PO Box 1541 Fallbrook, CA 92028 619-728-9721
Marge & Hugh Bradner 1867 Caminifo Marzella La Jolla, CA 92037 619-459-7681
Twila Bratcher _8121 Mulholland Terrace Los Angeles, CA 90046
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San Diego, CA 92109 619-483-3447
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Larry Buck
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San Diego, CA 92117 619-270-4376
ae = mee TNS. ——
Jean M. Cate PO Box 3049 Ranch Santa Fe, CA 92067 619-756-4744
Richard Cerutti
1359 Sweetwater Ln Spring Valley, CA 92077 619-462-4841
Bunnie Cook - 1120 Makaiwa St. Honolulu, H! 96816
Gwen Cornfield
985 Jervis St., No. 6 Vancouver, B.C. CANADA V6E 287
Donald Dan 2620 Lou Anne Court West Friendship, MD 21794
Rose & Tony D'Attilio 2415 29th St i San Diego, CA 92104 619-281-9731
Florence C. Davis Rt 1, Box 1639 : Brobecks, PA 17329
John Duffy
5016 Ellison Fl.
San Diego, CA 92116 619-284-0834
Eagle Engraving Terrasource
John McCloud
PO Box 3322
Billings, MT 59103 406-256-6124
Gene Everson 8325 Adrian Ct. Matthews, NC 28105
Wes & Barbara Farmer 11061 Lea Terrace Dr. Santee, CA 92071 619-448-8697
Heidrun &.Phil Faulconer PO Box 82632
San Diego, CA 92138 619-222-8082
Francisco Fernandes
c/o Santos Brito
Santa Rita, Cacela 8800 Algarve, Portugal
John & Mary Flentz
149 Via La Soledad Redondo Beach, CA 90277
Robert Foster
P.O. Box 3010
Santa Barbara, CA 93130 805-963-3228
Joyce Gemmell -
150 S. Anza Sp. 47C El Cajon, CA 92020 619-447-8004
S&SL 20(1)
EerouUTy = Ss:
—
Maurice Glauser
3, Chemin du Pont-de-Ville 1224 Chene-Bougeries Switzerland
Richard Goldberg
P.O. Box 137 Fresh Meadows, NY 11365
Barbara Good 1802 McKee St., #C6 San Diego, CA 92110 619-291-5380
Sandro Gori Via Sernest 7 Livorno, Italy
David B. Green 810 East Rollins Ave. Orlando, FL 32803
Debrara Diane Haines P.O. Box 741 San Martin, CA 95046
lan Hamilton
6640 Linda Vista Rd. C-6 San Diego, CA 92111 619-278-6213
George & uicinis Hanselman 5818 Tulane St.
San Diego, CA 92122 619-453-3019
Hawaiian Malacological Soc. P.O. Box 22130 Honolulu, HI 96822
Richard & Ginny Herrmann 7709: Eads Ave.
La Jolla, CA 92037 619-459-3317
Jules & Caroie Hertz 3883 Mt. Blackburn San Diego, CA 92111 619-277-6259
John Johnson
P.O. Box. 1205
MCB Camp Butler FPO Seattle, WA 98773
Alan R. Kabat
Museum Comparative Zool. Harvard nay Cambridge, MA 02138
Ms Kirstie Kaiser
P.O. Box 4289
Park City, UT 84060
Ruth & Martin Kantor 2706 Jennings. St. San Diego, 92106 619-225-8433
James Keeler 3208 Del Rio Terrace Tallahassee, FL 32312
Bruce Kemp
9420-D Carlton Oaks Dr. Santee, CA 92071 619-225-7494
13
Calendar
A r FEBRUARY . SMIUIWTES SMTé™WTES ee ce eo ee om § 2 1234567 34S6789 8 9 10191213146 10 13 122314 15 16 15 16 17 16 19 20 23 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 24 25 26 27 28 2930 BD oo co a0 oe we oo
1988
JANUARY Southwest Florida Shell Show, normally mid- January.
Astronaut Trail Shell Show, January 22-24. Contact: Astronaut Trail Shell Club, P.O. Box 515, Melbourne, FL 32935
American Association for Zoological Nomen- clature, Third week in January. Annual Meeting. Contact: Dr. Raymond Manning, c/o NHB Sop 163, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D 20560
Greater Miami Shell Show, January 29-31. Annual shell show. Contact: Greater Miami Shell Club, Inc., c/o Larson, 8850 Byron Ave., Surfside, FL 33154.
FEBRUARY Broward Shell Show, February 5-7. Contact: Broward Shell Club, P.O. Box 10146, Pompano Beach, FL 33061
Ft. Myers Shell Show, February 12-14. Contact: Fort Myers Shell Club, c/o LaVerne Weddle, 1936 Coronado Road, Fort Myers, FL 33901.
Sarasota Shell Show, February 19-21. Con- tact: Sarasota Shell Club, c/o Mary L. Mansfield, 2232 Bahia Vista Bldg A#7, Sarasota, FL33579- 2413.
Naples Shell Show, normally3rd week February.
St. Petersburg Shell Show, February 26-28, 41st Annual Shell Show. Community Center, 1 Park Place & 106th Ave., Treasure Island, Florida. Donation of $150 per person (Children under 15 free with adult). Shell dealer sales during event. Show put on by members of the St. Petersburg Shell Club, Inc. Contact: Betty Lipe (813) 360-0586.
MARCH Sanibel Shell Fair, March 3-6. Contact: Sanibel-Captiva Shell Club, P.O. Box 355, Sanibel, 33957.
Marco Island Shell Show, normally 2nd week in March.
Treasure Coast Shell Show, March 19-20. Contact: Treasure Coast Shell Club, c/o Bertrez Bond, 99 Yacht Club Place, Tequesta, FL 33458.
JUNE Salon International du Coquillage, normally 3rd week in June.
JULY Conchologists of America, July 11-15. Hosted by the Southwest Florida Conchological Society at the Sheraton Harbor Place, Fort Myers, Florida. Gene Herbert & A! Bridell, General Convention Co-Chairmen. Contact: Phyllis & Bernard Pipher, 1116 N Street, Tekamah, NE 68061.
NOVEMBER Hawaiian Malacological Society, Tentatively - early November for combined Shell Show and Auction. Contact: Hawaiian Malacological Spee Inc., P.O. Box 10391, Honolulu, HI 96816.
DECEMBER Western Society of Naturalists, Annual Meeting, normally last week in December. Details later.
1989
AUGUST International Society for Invertebrate Repro- duction, Meeting, August, Nagoya, Japan. Contact: Prof. David H. Montgomery, Dept. Biological Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407.
If we have missed an event that you are aware of lease excuse us, and send the information. e welcome club individual meeting notices. Send information as early as you can and update us as the event nears. pee are On a space available basis with the earliest events given priority. We especially like to hear of overseas shows and meetings. Commercial events are requested to use our CLASSIFIED ADS.
Membership Address Lists Wanted Send your organizations non-copyright address
list and we will send each member a com- plimentary copy of SHELLS and SEA LIFE and subscription information.
14 — S&SL 20(1)
Suggestions for Authors
SHELLS and SEA LIFE (S&SL) welcomes notes and articles on any aspect of natural history. Articles on conchology will, however, receive priority. Our major interest is reference and review material of importance to professional and amateur alike. We include meeting notices, bibliography, field observations, book reviews, historical sketches and species group reviews among our primary interests. If you see something of probable interest to our readers, please forward a copy and we will attempt to obtain permission for republication.
The on the Driftline_. and Reader Forum sections of S&SL are wide open for short contributions from anyone. Field Notes are intended to provide a place where amateur and professional naturalists can record field observations. You can provide a real service by recording and reporting field observations, no matter how unimportant they mayseem. (An example would be observation of egg laying including locality, date & species.) All it takes is an observant eye, a piece of paper, an envelope, and a stamp.
Black & white photographic prints may be submitted with articles. If it looks great in the print, with good contrast and few shadows, it should look good on the printed page. Please provide separate prints for light and dark specimens as they must be handled separately for best results. Please note that prints are frequently trimmed spray-mounted before scanning. It is not usually possible to return the print after use.
We attempt to absorb all production costs (typesetting, halftones etc.) but they should be borne in mind by authors. Donations to help defray printing expenses are always welcome.
It is the policy of S&SL not to change the writing style of authors, nevertheless there are a few policies that have been found necessary to decrease the possibility of misinterpretations and errors.
1) Manuscripts should be in final form, complete, carefully proof-read and with the name of the author(s) appearing at the top of each page. Number all pages consecutively. The sequence of manuscript parts should be as follows in most cases: title, introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion, acknowledgments, literature cited, figure legends, figures and tables.
2) Under no condition start a sentence with an abbreviation or with a number written in numerals. Within a sentence, numbers are expressed in numerals (e.g., 1, 21, 198).
3) Avoid the use of idioms, as scientific papers must be read by persons of many different tongues; idioms too frequently give rise to serious misunderstandings.
4) Scientific names are underlined to indicate that they should be set in Italics. A double straight underlining indicates that SMALL CAPITALS are required and a triple underlining indicates ALL CAPITALS. A wavy line by itself calls for bold face.
5) The first appearance of any scientific name of any species discussed or cited should be given in full, including author and year of the original description. The generic name should be written out whenever it is mentioned for the first time in any paragraph and any time if in the same paragraph two or more genera are mentioned that begin with the same letter.
6) The use of FAMILY NAMES is encouraged. The name should be in CAPITALS and be clearly associated with the species in that family.
7) Abbreviations and "common names" should appear adjacent to the full-length version or Latin name. Subsequent usages may be with only the abbreviation or the capitalized Common Name.
8) If you are using terms which are not readily available in standard dictionaries please include a short definition with each term -- separate from the article. This is preferable to defining the term in the text. We will include a GLOSSARY from time to time as necessary.
9) Footnotes are discouraged. 10) Square brackets "[ ]" are normally used to set off editorial comments or addition within articles.
11) Authors should follow the style guidelines recommended in the "Style Manual for Biological Journals", which may be purchased from the American Institute of Biological Sciences, 2000 "P" Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20036. Original manuscripts should be typewritten on white paper, 8-1/2" x 11", and double-spaced throughout.
12) References in the text should be given by the name of the author(s) followed by the date of publication: (SMITH, 1951), (SMITH & JONES, 1952), or (SMITH et al, 1953).
13) The "literature cited" section must include only references cited in the text. We prefer complete citations including full author names, exact publication dates, series identification, volume and issue numbers, full pagination, plates, figures, tables & appendices. We will format them to meet our requirements.
14) Tables, numbered in arabic, should be on separate sheets, with the title at the top. Legends should be attached to each photograph. Text figures should be submitted ready for publication, in black ink and completely lettered. It is the author’s responsibility that lettering is legible after final reduction and that lettering size is appropriate to the figure and the magazine format.
15) Articles and pictures accepted for publication, become the property of SHELLS and SEA LIFE. No material will be returned unless accompanied by return postage and mailing envelope with instructions for its disposition.
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