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SMITHSONIAN

CONTRIBUTIONS TO KNOWLEDGE.

EVERY MAN IS A VALUABLE MEMBER OF SOCIETY, WHO, BY HIS OBSERVATIONS, RESEAROHES, AND EXPERIMENTS, PROCURES

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Ci NGO Wete ole NIG AO UN:
PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. |

MDCCCLXXVI.

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m oF DS

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at ADVERTISEMENT.
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SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO KNOWLEDGE.
_ 268

THE

WINDS OF THE GLOBE:

OR THE

LAWS OF ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION OVER THE SURFACE
OF THE EARTH.

BY

JAMES HENRY COFFIN, LL.D.,

PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS AND ASTRONOMY IN LAFAYETTE COLLEGE, PENNSYLVANIA.

THE TABLES COMPLETED, ON THE AUTHOR’S DECEASE, AND MAPS DRAWN

BY
SELDEN JENNINGS COFFIN, A.M.,

HOLLENBACH PROFESSOR OF MATHEMATICS IN LAFAYETTE COLLEGE, PENNSYLVANIA.
WITH A

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF THE TABLES AND CHARTS

BY
Dr. ALEXANDER WOEIKOF,

LATE SECRETARY OF THE METEOROLOGICAL COMMITTEE OF THE IMPERIAL GEOGRAPHICAL
BOCIETY OF RUSSIA.

WOAL (S JOU TE IST EP We IN = Oe ae yee

PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.
[DECEMBER, 1875.]

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PAGE
List oF PLATES ° 0 5 0 ° ° 5 - : Vv
PREFACE : : ; ; 2 a 3 : 4 : : vii
INTRODUCTION . 0 : : 0 . : C : 0 é XV
Series A.—ALPHABETICAL List or Sravions, with their Latitude, Longitude, Height
i above the Sea, and References . : 1
Alphabetical List of Countries, States, Districts, Ocene and Seas : ; 47
References to Authorities from which Observations were obtained : é 50
Numerical Index to Stations, for Map reference : : é 3 52
Series B.—GENERAL TABLES, containing Results of Observations grouped in Zones of
Latitude of 5° each. Northern Hemisphere, Zones1to18 . : é 67
Southern Hemisphere, Zones 19 to 36. : 6 c fas 5 B59)
Addendum—A laska ; j : ; ne Pema 3 . 636
Series C.—VELocity TABLES > GBT
Forces that Deflect the Cloud onnrenn fem its Mean Aaael Direction’. » 604
Discussion AND ANALysIS of Professor Coffin’s Tables and Charts, by Dr. Alexander J.
Woeikof, late Secretary of the Meteorological Committee of the Imperial
Geographical Society of Russia.
General Deductions ‘ F : : 5 ORT
Special Deductions. —A merica onl cane @eean 6 : : > 6G
Europe ¢ : : 6 0 ° 0 ements
Asia. : : ; : : ; 9 3 a US
Africa . > , 6 ‘ . 41
India and Pacific Oznem, and Sowtihaa Hemispen 5 : : . 744
Antarctic Regions : é : ; 5 5 é a eee
Explanation of Maps and Diagrams 5 ; 5 | to)

APPENDIX. PuaTEs illustrating the Text, I. to XXVI.

( iii )

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Plate 1.
Plate 2.
Plate 3.

Plate 4.
Plate 5.

Plate 6.

Plate 7.

Plate 8.
Plate 9.

Plate 10.
Plate 11.
Plate 12.
Plate 13.
Plate 14.
Plate 15.
Plate 16.
Plate 17.
Plate 18.

Plate 19.

Plate 20.

LIST OF PLATES.

Anuual Direction of the Upper and Lower Current in the United States.
Mean Annual Direction of the Wind in the Arctic Regions.

Mean Annual Direction of the Winds of the Globe, between 80° North Latitude and 56°
South Latitude. y

Mean Direction of the Wind, for the Four Seasons, in the Antarctic Regions.

Mean Direction of the Wind, in the Summer (June, July and August), between 80°
North Latitude and 56° South Latitude.

Mean Direction of the Wind, in the Winter (December, January and February), between
80° North Latitude and 56° South Latitude.

Mean Direction of the Wind, in the Four Seasons, between 80° North Latitude and 56°

South Latitude.
Mean Direction of the Wind, in the Four Seasons, in the United States.
Mean Direction of the Wind, in the Four Seasons, in Europe.

Monsoon Influences, in the Four Seasons, between 80° North Latitude and 56° South
Latitude.

Monsoon Influences, in the Four Seasons, in the United States.

Monsoon Influences, in the Four Seasons, in Europe.

Mean Annual Direction of the Wind in the United States: showing the Resultants
obtained by taking the Velocity into account, as compared with those derived from
Time only.

Maps of Isobars or Lines of Equal Atmospheric Pressure at Sea-level, for the Year,
January and July.

Relative Prevalence of Winds from the Different Points of the Compass, in Summer
and Winter, in the Arctic Regions.

Relative Prevalence of Winds from the Different Points of the Compass, in Summer and
Winter, in Europe, south of Latitude 60°.

Relative Prevalence of Winds from the Different Points of the Compass, in Summer
and Winter, in Asia and Africa, between 25° and 60° North Latitude.

Relative Prevalence of Winds from the Different Points of the Compass, in Summer
and Winter, in the Tropical Regions, North of the Equator.

Relative Prevalence of Winds from the Different Points of the Compass, in Summer
and Winter, in the Tropical Regions, South of the Equator.

Relative Prevalence of Winds from the Different Points of the Compass, in Summer
and Winter, in the Southern Temperate Zone, between Latitude 25° and 60°
South.

Gy@)

vi

Plate 21.

Plate 22.

Plate 23.

Plate 24.

Plate 25.

Plate 26.

LIST OF PLATES.

Relative Prevalence of Winds from the Different Points of the Compass, in Summer and
Winter, in the Four Seasons.

Relative Prevalence of Winds from the Different Points of the Compass, in Summer
and Winter, in the United States.

Barometrical Wind-Roses. Mean Annual Direction of the Wind contrasted with the
Direction of the Wind that accompanies Maximum or Minimum Pressure.

A Suggestive Chart, showing the Relation of the Winds to other Meteorological
Elements.

Chart illustrating the effect of Velocity in modifying the Annual Direction of the
Wind. ;

Deflecting Forces, showing the effect of Annual, Monthly and Diurnal Variation.

PREFACE.

Tus work has been prepared by the joint agency of the late Professor Coffin
and the Smithsonian Institution, the former furnishing the general plan and
oversight of the work, and such parts of the labor as could not be satisfactorily
confided to others; while the latter contributed the greater part of the material,
and defrayed the entire cost of making all the reductions and numerical computa-
_ tions, except what was done by Professor Coffin, or was found in other works,
The resultants at the academies in the State of New York, computed by Dr.
Franklin B. Hough, and those at numerous places in Russia, computed by Mr.
Wesselowski, and some few others, have been made use of.

This work may be considered an extension of Professor Coffin’s former one on
the ‘‘ Winds of the Northern Hemisphere,” so as to embrace the entire surface of
the globe so far as it has been accessible to scientific observation.

In the words of Professor Coffin, “the design is to show primarily—

“Ist. The mean direction in which the lower currents of the atmosphere move
over all parts of the surface of the earth, including in the term ‘lower currents’
all that part of the atmosphere on which direct observations can be made, whether
by means of a vane or by the motions of the clouds.

“2d. The ratio that the progressive motion bears to the total distance travelled.

“3d. The modifications that the mean current undergoes in the different seasons'
of the year.

“4th, The directions in which the forces’ act that produce these modifications.

“5th. The amount of their intensities, reckoned on the same scale as that which
determines the mean annual direction.

“6th. ‘To show, by separate solutions for the surface winds and those indicated by
the motion of the clouds, how the two differ, and how they differ according as we
do, or do not take into account the difference in the velocity of the different winds ;
the discussion of this latter question being confined chiefly to the observations
reported to the Smithsonian Institution from the year 1854 to 1857 inclusive.

“The data used for elucidating these points consist of series of observations on

1 To avoid confusion the months of December, January and February are designated as winter in
the southern as well as the northern hemisphere, March, April, May as spring, ete.
2 Monsoon influences.

( vil )

viii PREFACE.
winds made at 3223 different stations on land, and during numerous voyages at
sea, extending from the parallel of 88° 16’ north latitude, to beyond the parallel
of 75° south latitude (the extreme points ever reached by man) altogether embrac-
ing an aggregate period of over 18,500 years.

“The stations on land are distributed over its surface as follows :—

Nuaiber of stations. Aggregate number of years.
America. P : ; ; . 2077 over 12,380
Europe : : : : : . 140 «4,130
INSEY ¢ 7 : 5 ‘ é . 244 496
Africa : j : : é : 76 151
Islands of the sea! 5 5 : : 36 314

“Of these stations in America, about 1900 are within the limits of the United
States, viz., over 1400 which reported to the Smithsonian Institution between the
beginning of the year 1854 and the end of 1869, over 300 military posts that
reported to the Surgeon-General of the United States Army, and some 100 to 150
other places. ‘Vhe observations at the military posts embrace all that were reported
from the commencement of the system in the year 1822 up to the end of 1859,
together with those at posts west of the Mississippi for the succeeding ten years
also, or up to the end of 1869. }

“At sea, between the parallels of latitude 60° north and 60° south, the observa-
tions are mostly taken from the Wind and Current Charts prepared at the United
States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, which cover
the entire Atlantic, Indian and South Pacific Oceans, and all of the North Pacific
except a comparatively small portion, the completion of which is much to be desired,
lying between the meridians of 150° east and 165° west from Greenwich; and
nearly every square of 5° in latitude by 5° in longitude is more or less fully repre-
sented. For the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans, and the Mediterranean, Black and
Red Seas, the material is derived mostly from other sources. The observations on
the ocean embrace a total of a little more than one thousand years.

“The whole material is arranged in the form of tabular series, which require no
explanation beyond what is given in the headings of the several columns ; and for
more ready reference to the data from any particular place, or group of places, as
contained in the tables, as well as with a view to a more scientific arrangement of
the whole, and for convenience in the discussion, the entire surface of the earth is
conceived to be divided into 36 zones by parallels of latitude drawn 5° asunder,
commencing at the north pole, and proceeding southerly; and in each zone the
places of observation are arranged in the order of their longitudes, commencing at
the 180th meridian from Greenwich, and proceeding easterly.

“The method of reduction is the same throughout as in my former work. Instead
of giving the prevailing direction, or that point or points of the compass from which
the winds blow most frequently, and rejecting all the rest, the traverse of the whole
is resolved, in the same manner as that of a ship at sea. The former method, which
was once almost the universal one, and which still finds advocates, may be useful

‘ Including Australia and Greenland.

PREFACE. re

in pointing out local peculiarities im the winds at different places, as affected by
the geographical features of the surrounding country, but can give us no enlarged
ideas of the movement of the air as a whole.’ Suppose a particle of air to start
from the point A, in the following diagram, and to move with a uniform velocity
for 30 days as follows :—

From the northeast for an aggregate period of 3 days

te southeast “ & “ Go
ss south “ “ “c “Q «
s southwest ‘ “s “c & 0)
i west G6 ce 5 ce 5 (14
sf northwest ‘“ “ cc ae Gh eG

the diagram represents its motions, and at the end of the 30 days the particle is
found at B. ‘The bearing of the point
A from it is now S. 70° 4 W., its dis-
tance in a direct line equivalent to 12
days’ travel, and the ratio of this dis-
tance to the whole distance travelled
40 per cent.

‘Or, to express the same by formule
after the method of Lambert, or of
Mr. Charles A. Schott, of the United 9
States Coast Survey,’ or others, who
have improved upon Lambert’s me-
thod, let m represent the total number
of observations (corresponding to the
sum of the sides of the foregoing polygon, except A B); 0, 6;, 6,0; ...-. . the
angles which the observed directions of the wind make with the meridian, reckoned
round the compass from the north point eastward through 360°; S, S,, 8 8; . .

. . the number of observations recorded in these directions (corresponding to the
foregoing sides taken separately); R the-resulting distance A B, and @ the angle

Fig. 1.
5

1 The following is an extract from a letter of the author, in 1871, on this point: ‘The question as
to the proper mode of discussing winds depends on what we wish to ascertain or point out. If it be
to show their sanitary effect, or what winds one is likely to experience at any given place, Lambert’s
formula is manifestly inadequate, nor was it designed for that purpose. But, if the object be to
ascertain in what direction the air, subject to observation, moves as a whole over a given place, it is
equally obvious that the only proper method is to resolve its traverse; and to abandon this method
would, in my view, put the science back a third of a century. It was the chaotic character of the
results that came from the method formerly in vogue, that first drew my attention to the subject, and
led me to conceive the idea of resolving the traverse of the winds: ignorant of Lambert’s formula, as
well as of the fact that Prof. Kaemtz was doing the same thing. The soundness of the principle
seemed so obvious, and the results of its application so satisfactory, all over the globe, that I had
not supposed it possible that it could ever be called in question.”

2 See his reduction of Dr, Kane’s Arctic observations, published in the Smithsonian Contribu-
tions to Knowledge, Vol. XI.

Bp August, 1875.

“ PREFACE.
which the direction of A B makes with the meridian at B, or (p-++ 180°) the angle
which it makes at A; then we have

Ssine 6+ S, sine 0,8, sine 0. 8; sine 0; ete. . . . . a

tang. p= Scos 0+, cos 6,+8, cos 0, +8, cos 6, etc.

putting for the sake of brevity the sum of the terms in the numerator equal to a
and of those in the denominator equal to 6.

“The value of g, expressed in the ordinary method of reading bearings with refer-
ence to the four cardinal points, is given in the tables in the fifth column from the
right, and as the numerical value of the tangent of ¢ is the same for angles in each
of the four quadrants, recourse must be had to the algebraic signs of the numerator
and denominator. If both are +, the direction is in the northeast quadrant; if
the numerator is + and the denominator —, it is in the southeast quadrant; if
both are —, it is in the southwest quadrant; and if the numerator is — and the
denominator ++, it is in the northwest quadrant; thus:—

a b
Northeast quadrant . : - ok +
Southeast ac ; ‘ + —
Southwest = 5 5 9 = ==
Northwest “ ‘ : ; _

Also we have
Ry ees

sine @ cos¢d

the last two forms being the most convenient for computation. the values of Bi
are given in the tables in the fourth column from the right. ‘

““Where the places of observation are isolated, resultants are computed for each
separately ; but where there are several in the same vicinity, they are often grouped
together, and the resultants for the group only computed. The observations made
at the different stations in a group are ordinarily combined by simply adding them
together, in the same manner as if they had all been made at one station; but it
did not seem best to adhere uniformly to this method. Suppose, for illustration,
that the group consists of but two places, and that the number of observations made
at them is very unequal, at each of which the number of observations is sufficient
to determine the character of its winds; but that, owing to local influences, the
results at the two differ widely. Now if the number of observations at the two
places was nearly equal, their sum would afford a tolerable mean between the two;
but if very unequal, the place which had the greater would have more weight than
properly belonged to it, and a more reliable resultant could be obtained, either by
equalizing the numbers representing the observations, or by computing a pew
resultant from the separate ones of the two places. On the same principle, when
in any group, or at any place, the number of observations in the different seasons
of the year differ materially, the resultant for the year is computed, not from the
sum of all the observations, but from the resultants for the separate seasons.

“The method of computing monsoon influences, or the forces which deflect the
wind from its mean annual direction in the different months or seasons of the year,

PREFACE. xi

is as follows: It is assumed that if no such forces existed, the mean direction and
relative progress of the wind would be the same for each month of the year, and
equal to one-twelfth of the mean annual progress. If, therefore, according to the
usual method of applying the ‘parallelogram of forces, we make the progress in
any month the diagonal of a parallelogram, and one-twelfth of the mean annual
progress one of the sides, either of the contiguous sides will represent the deflecting
force, both in quantity and direction. ‘Thus, for example, at Amherst, Massa-
chusetts, Fig. 2, the resultant for January reads N. 69° 42’ W. .36, and for one-
twelfth of the mean for the year, measured on the same scale, N. 73° 13’ W. .80.
Draw A B in the direction N. 73° 13’ W. and make its length .30. Also draw A D
in the direction N. 69° 42’ W. and make its length .86. Complete the parallelogram,
and the side AC or B D will show

the direction and amount of the de-. Fig. 2.

flecting forces, viz., N. 52° 47 W.,
.0632; or a little more than one-fifth
as great as the force which deter-
mines the mean annual resultant.
This value is given in the tables in
the second column from the right
under the head of ‘Force’ of mon-
soon influences.

“Fioure 3 shows the same for seasons, where, as in the case of Easton, Pa., the
resultant for the spring is represented by A B, which is S. 63° 23’ W., length .230 ;
and that for the entire year by A D,

N. 74° 45’ W., length .248; D B is Di 3

the monsoon influence, which is from
Salle 1s E:; length 172. Kor the
most part the deflecting forces are ap-
proximations, determined, with tole-
rable accuracy, by mechanical con-
struction upon a large drafting scale,
though in a few cases they were com-
puted trigonometrically, as im the
examples here adduced.” * * *

An inspection of Plate 26 will give
a more full illustration of the mode
of construction and delineation of
these forces, as well as show how
their computation afforded a ready
test of the accuracy of the computa-
tions of the resultants from which
they were derived, for these forces must be in equilibrio, however diverse their
separate directions and amounts; were it not so, the particle of air at the end of
the months and seasons that constitute its annual course would not be found at the
same point that was indicated by the resultant for the year.

xii PREFACE.

On pages 50-51 is a list of authorities cited; to this Professor Coffin intended
to add the names of many who had aided him by making or transmitting records
of observations. ‘This is an omission that cannot now be supplied. A pencilled
statement records his acknowledgment of aid from Dr. Franklin B. Hough, of
Albany, N. Y., and grateful mention of President Cattell, and his associates in the
Faculty of Lafayette College, for their constant sympathy and encouragement in
the work; particularly in services rendered in translations from foreign languages
by Prof. Francis A. March, LL.D., and Prof. Augustus A. Bloombergh, Ph.D.,
also to Prof. Theodore F. Tillinghast, Mr. Thomas C. Green, of Mechanicsville,
N. Y., Prof. J. D. Whitney, of Harvard College, the Rev. David Craft, of Wyalu-
sing, Pa., the Rev. John S. Woodside, of Kapurthala, India, and the Rev. Stephen
Bush, of Waterford, N. Y., for aid; and to Mr. Henry Mansfield, of Easton, for
care in computing the monsoon influences, most of which were drafted by him.

Professor Coffin records the fact that this work lacks observations known to have
been made at the following places, but which he failed to secure, viz.:—

Barbacoas, Venezuela, 1852 and 1854.
Firmagungulum.

Gaboon Station, Africa.

Leon, Nicaragua, May and July, 1849.
Manilla.

Ponce, Porto Rico.

Singapore,

At the time of the death of Professor Coffin, in 1873, Series A, and the General
Tables, Series B, were mainly completed. ‘Though all the pages of the latter
Series were numbered in manuscript, here and there were blanks left to be filled.
In the observations from Spain, India, and many places in Zones 10 to 18, the
trigonometrical work and monsoon influences remained to be computed. No Plates
had been prepared.

‘The supply of these deficiencies was undertaken by his son and successor in the
College, Professor Selden J. Coffin. He devised and drew the plates, added the
Numerical Index to Stations found in Series A, pages 52-66, revised the entire
work, and read the proofs. He also prepared Series C, Velocity Tables, pages 637
to 654, and made the deductions connected with them.

This work has been executed with a feeling of pious regard for the memory
of a venerated parent, interest in science, and a devotion which merits special
commendation. ,

The Institution also availed itself of the meteorological knowledge and power
of original investigation of Dr. Alexander J. Woeikof, Secretary of the Meteoro-
logical Committee of the Imperial Geographical Society of Russia, during his late/
visit to this country, for a series of deductions and analyses from the tables and
charts, which the untimely death of Professor Coffin prevented his undertaking.‘
These discussions and analyses are found on pages 623 to 714, and are wholly from
the pen of Dr. Woeikof, who also supplied the material in the form of “ Addenda”
at the end of the respective zones, and carefully revised the whole work.

PREFACE. Xlll

For the better illustration of Dr. Woeikof’s discussion, three plates have been
reproduced from the important paper by Alexander Buchan, in the Transactions
of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,’ and for which acknowledgment is here made.
‘These plates exhibit by isobaric lines the mean pressure of the atmosphere over
the earth for the year, and for January and July.

This work is given to the world with confidence that it will be an acceptable
contribution to science, worthy of the Smithsonian Institution, and a permanent
memorial of one who cheerfully devoted to its preparation much of the energies
of a long life.

JOSEPH HENRY,
Secretary S. I.

Wasnineton, November, 1875.

* The mean pressure of the atmosphere, and the prevailing winds over the globe for the months
and for the year, Part II., by Alexander Buchan, M A., Secretary of the Scottish Meteorological
Society. —Trans. of the Royal Soc. of Edinb., vol. xxv. 1869,

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INTRODUCTION.

ORIGIN AND PREPARATION OF THE MEMOIR ON THE
WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

ComMUNICATED BY PROFESSOR SELDEN J. COFFIN.

Tue decease of Professor Coffin occurred before he had prepared any descriptive
text of this work, save what is given in the Preface, and therefore a monograph
found among his papers has special interest, as intimating the probable line of
treatment he would have pursued, and indicating topics of research in which he
was engaged, or to which his attention had been directed. It appears to be the
substance of a statement made to the National Academy of Sciences about two
years prior to his death. ‘The title is, “ A History of the Present Condition of an
Investigation of the Winds.” Its contents, somewhat abridged, are as follows:—

“This is not intended as a formal communication on the Winds, but rather a
brief narration of what I have accomplished, after having been engaged for many
years in the investigation of the laws that govern the circulation of the atmosphere
over the earth’s surface, with the attendant phenomena.

The following are the problems investigated :—

1st. What is the mean direction of the wind over the different parts of the
earth’s surface? Or in what direction does the air, as a whole, move over them?

2d. What is the progressive motion of the air in this mean direction? Or, if
data be wanting for determining this in miles—and we assume that the average
velocity of winds from all points of the compass is the same—during what propor-
tion of the time must the wind blow in this mean direction, so that if the remain-
der of the time were occupied by calms, or by winds whose conflicting movements
neutralize each other, the resulting general progressive motion of the air, as a
whole, would be the same as it now is?
3d. What is the direction and amount of the force that deflects the wind from
its mean annual direction in any given month, or season of the year? Or, in
other words, what must be the direction of a wind during any given month or
season of the year, and during what proportion of the time must it blow, so that
combined with the movement of the air in its mean annual direction, it may afford

(xv)

XV1 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

a resultant the same as that for the month or season? ‘The former may be regarded
as the wind that would exist if the surface of the earth were homogeneous, and
the sun ever over the equator; and the latter as that which is due to the change of
temperature in the different parts of the year, in connection with the character of
the neighboring regions, chiefly with respect to land and water. ‘These deflecting
forces, which are found almost everywhere, I denominate monsoon influences, and
where they are so great as to decidedly control the direction of the current, the
resulting winds are the well-known monsoons.

4th. What relation exists between the direction of the wind and the pressure
of the atmosphere? Or, what winds are, on an average, attended by a rise in the
barometer, and what by a fall, and at what average rate ?

5th. Also what connection exists between the direction of the wind and the
pressure, temperature, and humidity of the atmosphere, the state of the sky, and
the amount of rain-fall ?

“These are not the only questions of interest connected with the study of the
winds (for their relations to hygienic and agricultural considerations merit close
investigation), but they are the only ones to which I have given much attention.
And, as to the latter, my investigations have been confined chiefly to the point
first named in it.

“The proper scientific investigation of each of these questions is comparatively
of recent date, extending back not much further than the year 1830. Vast
collections of observations on the winds had been made previously, which are now
of invaluable service under the improved methods of studying them; and some of
the more obvious phenomena, such as the ‘trade winds,’ monsoons, and regions of
calms, were well known. But the usual, and indeed the only method of discussing
observations of the winds, was to sum up the number that was observed from each
of the several points of the compass, to regard that direction which afforded the
largest sum as the prevailing direction, and to make no account of the rest. This
method often served to point out the geographical features of the surrounding
country, rather than to afford any information of value in regard to the real
question discussed. It was about the year 1836, perhaps a little earlier, that the
idea of resolving the traverse of the winds on the principle now so familiarly
known as Lambert’s formula, first occurred, nearly simultaneously, to Prof. Kaemtz
in Europe, and to Prof. Loomis and myself in this country, to each without the
knowledge of the others. [This method is fully described and the formule stated
in the Preface to this work.]

“‘My first efforts were directed to the winds at Dartmouth College, New Hamp-
shire, as then reported monthly in the Vermont Chronicle, 1836, and having soon
afterward removed to Ogdensburg, New York, I applied the method to the winds
there, as recorded momentarily by a self-registering vane that I had constructed
for the purpose. The results at the latter place were published in the annual
report of the Regents of the University of the State of New York for the year
1838.

“In the year 1824, the Legislature of New York had made an appropriation for
establishing a system of meteorological observations at different academies in the

»

HISTORY OF THE WORK. XViL

State, the tabulated results of which were, for many years, published annually in
the Reports of the Regents. In preparing these tables, the prevailing direction
of the wind was computed in the then common though imperfect manner already
described, and the results were as chaotic as can well be imagined. I concluded
to try the new method upon them, and the results were published in the Regents’
Report for 1840, accompanied by a note from the Secretary of the Board, inviting
special attention to them. ‘They were of the most satisfactory character, and
when mapped showed the course of the dominant current of air over the State,
with occasional deflections, dependent upon the geographical features of the
adjacent country, as clearly defined as the courses of the Hudson or the Mississippi
rivers. Encouraged by this, I undertook the task of collecting observations on
winds over the entire extent of the United States, which was then no easy matter,
as there were no such instrumentalities, to aid in the work, as are at present
accomplishing so much—the Smithsonian Institution and National Observatory
not being in existence, and the only collection of observations, covering any wide
extent of country, was that at the Surgeon General’s Office in Washington. ‘This
had been commenced under the Surgeon General, Dr. Lovell, in the year 1822,
and consisted of registers kept at different military posts, and others that had been
forwarded there at the request of the late Prof. James P. Espy, who was then
connected with the office. None of the latter had been published, and of the
former, only those for the first nine years, and embracing only from eleven to
twenty posts, the number differing in different years. The rest was all in manu-
script, unpublished and unreduced. My attention was called to this collection by the
late Col. J. J. Abert, Chief of the ‘Topographical Bureau, who, in 1839, invited me
to visit Washington for the purpose of inspecting it. Here I was not only allowed
free access to all the manuscript material in the office, which I spent several weeks
in examining and reducing, but when I left, 1 was permitted to take home with
me all the more valuable registers of Mr. Espy’s collection, indeed all that I desired,
and to make the requisite computations from them there. Beyond what I thus
obtained, I was dependent almost solely on private correspondence for the means
of prosecuting my proposed work.

“It was while engaged in slowly collecting material that, at a meeting of the
American Association of Geologists and Naturalists, held at New Haven, in 1845,
I was appointed a committee to report on the present state of our knowledge of
the winds of North America and the North Atlantic Ocean. This greatly en-
larged my field of labor, and as I knew that I could obtain material such as I
wanted from many European countries, I concluded to enlarge it still further, and
make it embrace the entire northern hemisphere.

[For this purpose he availed himself of all the materials relative to meteorology
found in the libraries of New York, New Haven, Philadelphia, Princeton, and
Washington. As much of this material was unreduced, he was obliged to spend
a considerable portion of time at each of these places in the performance of this
work. |

“Observations of the winds at several places in Persia, Syria, Palestine, and at

Constantinople, were kindly made at my request, for a year or two, by mission-
c December, 1875.

XVill WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

aries residing there,eand forwarded to me in manuscript. Officers of the British
Hudson’s Bay Company were so kind as to copy for me in manuscript the entire
series of observations on winds at several of their posts in the remote parts of
British America—at one of them for a period of seven years. ‘To secure obser-
vations at sea I was aided by the late Gerard Hallock, Esq., one of the editors of
the Journal of Commerce, in making arrangements with ship-owners in New
York, for the loan of the logs of their different vessels. I had not, however, pro-
ceeded far in this latter line of research, when Lieut. Maury commenced his labors
in the same direction at the National Observatory; and his facilities for procuring
material were so superior to mine that I relinquished the field to him, and relied
on his published charts for the data I needed at sea, except in the latitudes above
60°, beyond which his charts did not extend.

“Tt was not till three years after the date of my appointment by the Association
that I was prepared to report, which was at the first meeting of the American
Association for the Advancement of Science, at Philadelphia, in 1848 ; the body
which appointed me having in the mean time changed its organization and name
to that just given, ‘lhe report, derived from a period of over 2000 years of
observation at 550 stations, contained the announcement ‘that between north
latitude 335° and 60° there is a general current from a little to the south of west,
extending entirely around the globe; but that, as those limits are approached, it
gradually loses its decided character, and at the limit, on either side, all trace of any
fixed direction disappears, the current ateany place being controlled entirely by local
influences, as illustrated in the winds of Augusta, Georgia. After passing the limit
on the south, a current from the opposite direction sets in, which, as we go south,
gradually assumes a more decided character, till we come fully within the limits of
the trade-winds. North of latitude 60° there are indications that a uniform current
that comes down from the north, in the polar regions, veers towards the west, thus
establishing a third system, which breaks up at about latitude 60°.’ It was
while preparing this report, and by applying the improved method of investigation
to the winds in the high northern latitudes, that the imteresting discovery was
thus made of the system of the polar winds, entirely distinct from those which
prevail south of it, the physical causes of which have since been so admirably
demonstrated by Prof. Ferrel, and which is now beginning to be generally recog-
nized as a valuable contribution to meteorology.

“I may here remark that when first announced all the evidence I had of the
existence of the polar system of winds was derived from observations made in the
northeastern portions of the American continent, Greenland, Northern Iceland,
Northern Spitzbergen, and the seas adjacent; the limit attaining so high a latitude
on the eastern continent that only the extreme north of Europe and Northern
Siberia fell within it, and I was not able to procure reliable data from these inhos-
pitable regions. I have, however, since obtained an abstract of the observations
of Lieut. Anschu, for nearly two years, made on the shore of the Arctic Ocean,
in Siberia, and valuable material from several places in Northern Finland, South-
ern Spitzbergen; from Kane, Hayes [and Hall], in the Greenland Seas; and also
from the vicinity of Behring Strait on both sides, contributed by parties employed

HISTORY OF THE WORK. X1x

in explorations for the Russo-American telegraph line. The results of all these
observations, with the exception of those of Dr. Kane, at Van Rensselaer Harbor,
are in accordance with the doctrine im question. And in regard to these latter,
which are utterly discordant, it is worthy of remark, that while the mean direction
of the wind is almost diametrically opposite to what it is at Port Foulke, only a
few leagues distant, the progressive motion in the mean direction is very small, in-
dicating local disturbance. For I have found, as a very general rule, the world
over, that wherever, from local causes, the atmospheric current is diverted from
its mean course, the progressive motion is reduced. Northeastern Asia merits a
more careful study, and I have long made efforts to procure observations there-
from, but without any prospect of success, until 1869, when I was so fortunate as
to receive from the Meteorological Committee of the Geographical Society of
Irkutsk, in Eastern Siberia, an offer of co-operation. It is still difficult to obtain
the requisite observations, as the region to be studied lies north of all the settled
parts of Siberia, and aid can probably be had only from missionaries of the Russian
church, stationed at some of the’ settlements on the rivers flowing into the Arctic
Ocean. In respect to these localities I acknowledge aid received through the
kindness of Col. Thomas W. Knox, of New York, and George Kennan, of Nor-
walk, Ohio.

‘In the same report, above named, I pointed out and illustrated the peculiar
“~~ ‘S-shaped’ curves described by the wind in its mean course for the different
months or seasons of the year, on both sides of the Atlantic, though I was not
then prepared to fully explain them, nor did I perceive the interesting conclusions
about to be deduced from them. [Illustrations of these curves are found in Plate
26, which also exhibits the graphical method of deriving from them the monsoon
influences, which determine the direction and amount of their curvature. The
manner of computing them is explained in the Preface. ]

“The results reached in this report, with the data from which they were derived,
forming a quarto volume of 200 pages, were subsequently published in the Smith-
sonian Contributions to Knowledge, constituting a part of Vol. VI. ‘This, though
as perfect as the materials known could make it, and pointing out truths of import-
ance never before recognized, was, as was soon perceived, not what it ought to be.
On sending it abroad the meager filling up of portions of the eastern continent was
noticed, and persons residing there kindly lent their aid in procuring material to
fill them. Among these I may mention particularly Chevalier Kahnikoff, Mr.
Wesselesky and Prof. Kaemtz of Russia, and Prof. Buys Ballot, Director of the
Royal Observatory of Holland, from whom collectively I received records from not
less than one hundred new places; and by the exchanges and collections of the
Smithsonian Institution many more were added. Subsequently additional offers
of aid were received from the eminent European meteorologists, Alexander
Buchan, of Scotland, Dr: Alexander J. Woeikof, of Russia, Baron Meydall, and
Messrs. Aguilar and Mack. In the mean time in this country, the acquisition of
California, New Mexico, and Arizona largely increased the number of military
posts at which observations were taken, while by the active efforts of the Smith-
sonian Institution there was secured a vast number of new observers in all parts

XX WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

of the country, and many of them at points very remote. Lieut. Maury was also
prosecuting his work on the seas, and had covered by his published charts, the
entire Atlantic and Indian Oceans, the South Pacific, and all the North Pacific
except a portion of comparatively small area, between the meridians of 150° E.
and 165° W. from Greenwich, the chart for which was referred to by him in his
latest report as ‘not yet printed’ ;—implying that it was substantially complete
in manuscript, and, if so, it would seem very desirable to have it completed and
published, :

“In view of all these facts, and also that my original work lacked scientific
arrangement, it was thought desirable to revise and enlarge it, and the Smith-
sonian Institution generously made appropriations to aid in the computations, as
well as put at my disposal all the material at its command. ‘The plan proposed
for the new work was that followed in the present treatise, to divide the earth
into 86 zones, by parallels of latitude 5° asunder, and so extending from the
north to the south pole; in each of these zones commencing at the 180th meridian
from Greenwich, and proceeding easterly according as observations furnished
the data, around the earth to the same meridian again. Between the parallels of
latitude 60° N. and 60° S. where observations are more abundant, records have
been obtained from about 2000 places in North America and the West Indies, 27
in South America, 23 at islands in the Atlantic, over 700 in Europe, 206 in Asia
and the East Indies, 70 in Africa, 48 in Australia and islands of the Pacific and
Indian Oceans, including the extreme ‘southerly ones of Kerguelen’s Land and
Heard’s Island—the most southerly points where man has remained for any con-
siderable length of time; and for over 1000 years at sea. If this area be divided
into geographical squares, by drawing meridians and parallels of latitude 5°
asunder, of the 1728 squares so formed, 1402 are represented in the contents of
this work. The 326 vacant squares from which no observations have been
obtained are as follows: —

21 in North America, mostly in British America,
40 in the interior of South America,
None in Europe,
75 in Central Asia,
66 in Africa,
15 in the interior of Australia,
108 in the North Pacific Ocean, and
1 in the South Pacific Ocean.

North and south of the parallels of 60°, it is more difficult to obtain observa-
tions, and the material is therefore less abundant. Between 60° and 65° N.,
results are given for 57 stations, embracing a period of 316 years, mainly in
Northern Russia. Further north, about 34 stations have been obtained; so that
all these 36 zones are represented in the work except three, one about the north
pole and two about the south, which had never been visited by man.

I had proceeded so far with the work in the southern hemisphere that, in 1859,
I read a paper at the meeting of the American Association at Springfield, Mass.,

HISTORY OF THE WORK. XX1

in which I showed that observations clearly indicated, and, indeed, all but demon-
strated, the existence of a system of winds about the south pole, and extending
from 25° to 30° from it, analogous to that which had been proved to exist about
the north pole. Although the visits of explorers to this inhospitable region had
been limited to periods of a few days each—too short a time for any well-defined
results—yet the observations disclosed the remarkable fact that while in the con-
tiguous zone further north, and between it and the trade-winds, the mean direction
of the wind was always from some point between N. and N. W., with most
wonderful uniformity, far more so than in the northern hemisphere, owing
undoubtedly to the iess amount of land to obstruct its passage, yet out of fifteen
visits by explorers to as many different points in this southern polar zone, in none
was the wind from any point in the N. W. quarter, a series of coincidences without
a parallel, if merely accidental, and no such system exists.

[Next, in this monograph, occur the author’s remarks on the influence of differ-
ence of velocity in modifying the mean direction of the wind, which have been
placed on pages 637-639, in the introduction to the Velocity Tables. Though a
longer time would be desirable, the discussion is limited to observations for a
period of four years, owing to the great labor and expense of making the com-
putations. ]

“The discussion of the remaining point named as belonging to the investigation,
viz., the connection between the direction of the wind and the rise or fall of the
barometer, may not be prepared for appearance in my new work, though it is not
inferior in point of interest and practical value to either of the others, It was
commenced in its present form about the same time as that of the mean direction:
of the wind (1836-8), and, like that, nearly simultaneously in Europe and in this
country, neither party having any knowledge of what the other was doing. In-
quiries had been previously instituted as to the direction of the wind which
usually attended a maximum or a minimum pressure of the atmosphere, and
statements had been published in England, and in this country also (2), that the
former was N. E. and the latter S. W.; but the far more important question was,
“What change takes place in the barometer during the continuance of different
winds?’ And it was to this point that the new investigation was chiefly directed.
The statements just quoted may be true, but the inference drawn by some there-
from, that winds from the former point tended specially to raise the barometer, and
those from the latter to depress it, was not well founded. It was as though the
astronomer should conclude that the difference between the mean and true motions
of a planet is greatest about midway between the apsides of its orbit, because
the equation of the centre is greatest there. If winds from the west, northwest,
and north tend to raise the barometer, and those from the east, southeast, and
south tend to depress it, and if the wind is prone to shift its direction in the order
just named, it is obvious that when it reaches the N. E. point, the barometer must
show the accumulated effects of all the winds through the preceding 180 degrees,
and so of course stand high, although the N. E. wind itself were neutral in its
influence. To study the question properly, we need either self-registering instru-
ments (both barometer and wind-vane), or very frequent observations; and conse-

XXil WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

quently there are but few places where we have the requisite data. ‘The former
of these instruments it has been found difficult to construct so as to work satis-
factorily.

“ My first effort as to the problem was made in the year 1837, at Ogdensburg,
N. Y., where I erected a self-registering vane, and made arrangements for frequent
observations of the barometer. The definiteness of the result surprised me. It
divided the horizon into two perfectly distinct portions, the winds from one of
which were attended with an average rise of the barometer, and those from the
other with a fall, And although my vane registered from 32 points of the com-
pass, there was no intermingling of the points in the result. But was the law
that I had thus discovered, a general one? Or, was it owing to something pecu-
liar to that locality? ‘To test this, I proceeded to make similar computations for
twelve other places in this country and elsewhere, according as the observations to
which I had access furnished data applicable to the purpose, and while so em-
ployed I found that Prof. Dové, of Berlin, had done the same for five places more,
which I united with my own, making eighteen in all. [These are delineated in
Plate 23.]

‘arly in these investigations the question arose whether the results favored the
rotary or centripetal theory of storms; the indications were that the motion was
both rotary and centripetal. I was not then fully prepared to submit what I had
offered for publication, except in outline, and I deferred to do so. Since 1853
I have added nothing to it, except the results of Dr. Louis Berlandier’s observa-
tions at Matamoras in Mexico, ‘The following gives in a tabular form the results
of all the observations since that date :—

TABLE I.

SHOWING THE AVERAGE RATE OF Rise oR FALL OF THE BAROMETER, IN DECIMALS OF AN INCH, PER
TWENTY-FOUR HOURS DURING WINDS FROM DIFFERENT POINTS OF COMPASS.

Franklin | Iceland, Bo goslowk, Pekin, Barnoule, Sitka, Rus.
Inst., Phila., June 1, Ural Mts., China, | Siberia, Jan. America,

Boston, | 1839, 1841 | 1811, to | London, Jan. 1 to April and and Feb. | April, 1842,
4months. | and 1842in Junel, 3 years.! |Aug. 1, 1838. |May, 1842. 1838.
part. I S25

+.014 | +.021 | +.131 | 4.098 | 4.055 | +.iy4 | —J188
—.003 | +.003 | —.063 | 4.086 | ——o16 | —705a | == ay
==1025' 4) —= 699 i) == eg ico) Seis toga enon
==2109' | 3168) M1935 == 058. |e 064s A Sao pe eenaes
== 088 9) Sig 11 yl 096 1 2c0Rs) || Sissa le ene
=== 0570") S205 9/043, | eas049) i) 2005 a alee eee
+.006 | +.042 | +.102 | +.022 | +.022 | +.080 | +.122
+-010 | +.084 | 4.125 | +.064 | +.076 | +.102 | +.149

N.
N. E.
E.
8. E.
Ss.
Swe
W.
INEAWe

1 Dové,

HISTORY OF THE WORK.

TABLE JI.—Continvep.

XXL

' Dové.

Ogdensburg, Girard College, Bermuda, 1840,
New York, Phila., June 12, | 1841 and 1843, in
Course. one year. 1840, to May 31, part.
1841.
North +.080 +.160 +.095
N. by EH. +.095 +.141 +.027
N. N. E. +.016 +.085 —.008
N. E. by N —.041 —.026 —.025
N. E. —.105 —.064 —.014
N.E. by E —.139 Bi —.021
7. N. H. ——. 1183 —.218 ——.0L3
KE. by N. Pom Wifey ——, 15) —. 025
East =, Aly) = 08} —.033
= EH. by S. —.146 —.346 —.069
KH. S. fi. —.122 —.130 —.059
8. E. by EH. == ID) 7 —.630 — 047
S. E. == 1128) el 4) —.056
8S. E. by S == 155 lela 0/0)
S. S. EH. = MG —.244 = 1G
S. by EH. —.144 —.191 --.105
South —178 mt) —.088
S. by W. 18 —.074 —.032
8S. S. W. —.087 —.164 —.023
S. W. by S —. 034 —.100 —=.028-
S. W. +.014 —.090 —.026
S. W. by W. +.060 == (019) —.020
W.S. W. + .066 —.024 —.006
W. by 8 +.137 +.064 +.015
West +.125 +.100 +.078
W. by N. +.155 +.171 +.103
W.N. W. +.219 +. 263 +.103
N. W. by W. +.250 +.159 +.080
N. W. +.266 +.184 +.068
N. W. by N +.219 ++ .208 +.092
N.N. W. +.192 -+-.198 +.121
N. by W. +.193 +.110 + .126
Nantucket, North At sea, in the}
Newfound- | 1838, 1840 Atlantic Greenwich, |Paris,France,| Dantzic, Southern
Cour. e. land. and 1841,in |} Ocean, 20 England, 10 years.! Prussia, Hemisphere,
part. days ! 9 years. 15 years.! 8 months.!
) North +.33 +.165 +.088 +.237 +.020 +.050 — ne
N.N. E. +.156 +.060 —.048 —+.159 —.011 + 010 —.035
N. H. +.080 +.033 —.095 +.042 —.015 +.041 —.023
E.N. E. —.195 — 251 —.097 —.126 —.076 —.0138 —.017
East —.207 —.190 —.084 —.268 —.(084 —.010 —.0044
H E.S. EH. —-.420 —.361 —.071 —.312 —.092 —.003 +.001
|S. E. —.283 —.254 —.066 —.249 —.076 —.016 +.009
1S. S. HE. —.458 —.262 —.082 —.)00 —.076 —.051 +.024
# South —.320 —.174 —.129 —.395 —.074 —.069 +.045
Ss. 8S. W. —.178 —.141 —.117 == 1139) —.074 —.067 +.0645 i
Ss. W. +.060 (S15) =, (VEY ==, 1103 —.014 —.012 +.073 |
W.S. W..- +.097 +.012 +.031 +.03 +.004 +.021 -L.0374
West +.111 +.122 +.088 +.074 -+.066 +.008 —— NO |
W.N. W. +.304 +.172 +.141 +.259 +.090 +.064 —.032
N. W. +.289 +.186 +.211 +,226 +.076 +.065 —.035
N. N. W. +.175 +.231 +.210 +.075 +.090 +.088 —.0354

XX1V WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

“Regarding the rate of rise or fall in the barometer during winds from each
point of compass, given in the preceding table, as the measure of the force that
produces it, and reducing these forces to a single force, in the usual way, we
obtain the results in the second, third, and fourth columns of the following table;
to which I have added, in the fifth column, the mean direction of the wind ‘he
arrows within the inner circle of the Barometrical Wind-roses [Plate 23] exhibit
these results to the eye.

TABLE II.

Points oF MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM PRESSURE.

Place of Point of maxi- | Point of mini- Mean line of maximum and Mean direction
observation. mum pressure. | mum pressure. minimum pressure. of wind.

Ogdensburg, 3 a AY
Newfoundland, 5 Bid)
Girard College, nee
Franklin Inst., . 50
Boston, . 28
Nantucket, N. 35
Bermuda, 5 alll
North Atlantic, . 54
Iceland, Y. 39
London, 4, We
Greenwich, . 34
Paris, 5 (ait
Dantzie, . 29
Ural Mountains, . 34
Barnoule, . 87
Pekin, 5 Gill
Russian America,| 8. 30
S. Hemisphere, . 20

. 58° 14’ Bh. » 54°07) W..to S 54007 Re
. 89 W. to S.
. 44 V. to 8.
5 1K) bse
. toS.
5 HONS
Ptos.
V. to S.
. to 8.
. to S.
PELOuSere
to 8.
tos.
+ ia) (Ss
V. to N.
5 i) FSG
jestowNE
N. to N.

ZARAnMAMnMAMMAMnMmIN Mm
Sf el bel ed ft ed bet ed ft ed ft ed ft ot
Ee te ed fed bd ed bet ft be at ft et
Annan tn tn iA iA IO taba tA Tata con |
ah 4444454545255 425

=< Py

“The results shown in the foregoing tables and diagrams confirm all that I had
previously adduced, and establish conclusively, I think, the following facts, at
least in the zones of westerly winds.

“Ist. That the horizon is divided by nature into two well-defined portions, the
winds from between the division points on the one side being all attended with a
rise in the barometer, and on the other with a fall. This is found true at all the
stations where there are reliable observations. Even where they are taken for
thirty-two points of the compass, there is no intermingling.

“2d. ‘That in the northern hemisphere, one of these points lies in a southwesterly
direction, and the other in a northeasterly. Barnoule in Siberia, and Sitka in
Alaska, look like exceptions; but at both these places the results were computed

1 The observations at sea were taken in various latitudes, and those on the direction of the wind
not reported; so that it was impossible to know accurately what mean direction to assign. But
taking into account the circumstances of the voyages during which they were taken, I have assumed,
as approximately correct for the southern hemisphere, one that I computed from a zone on Lieut.
Maury’s charts, extending from lat. 40° to 45° S., and from long. 20° H. to 120° W.; and for the
North Atlantic, one deduced from about twelve years’ observations, taken north of lat. 36°

HISTORY OF THE WORK. XXV

for a short time only,’ and might be somewhat modified by making use of a longer
series of observations. It is probable, moreover, as I have shown elsewhere, that
Sitka hes without the zone of westerly winds, and where a different law may pre-
vail.

“3d. That the line of its approach generally makes an angle, more or less acute,
with one drawn to the point of maximum pressure.” The only exception is at
Hamilton,’ Bermuda, where it is slightly obtuse (92° 40’). Nor is the result
different, if, instead of regarding the mean resultant of all the forces which raise
the barometer as the point of maximum pressure, we (perhaps more properly)
regard each fall as a negative rise, and vice versa, and then obtain one mean re-
sultant for the whole. The fourth column in Table II. was computed in this way,
and the results are shown on the Barometrical Wind-roses [Plate 23] by a broken
line. [For application of this discussion to the storm-curve, see author’s article
on pp. 89-101, Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of
Science, Cleveland, Ohio, 1853.]

“The plan of the ‘Winds of the Globe’ contemplated giving resultants at each
place, for each month and season, with monsoon influences for the seasons. The
work would be much more perfect, if this could be done in all cases, but the
magnitude of the labor forbade it. For a like reason, as well as to render it
possible to represent the results on maps, it was thought judicious to group the
places of observation by districts, where they were numerous, instead of making
computations for each place separately. With the facilities we have devised, in
the way of special tables to aid in the computations, we have found that where
observations, recorded for 16 points of the compass, have been collected and pro-
perly arranged for computation, an active computer can calculate about 35 resultants
in aday. When the observations are recorded for 32 or more points of compass,
the labor is of course much greater, but there are comparatively few such. On
the other hand, there are many where they are recorded for only 8 points. If we
include the calculation of the monsoon influences, which has been done chiefly by
plotting, the average per day will not exceed the number just named.”

[The exact state of forwardness of the work at the time of Professor Coffin’s
decease is fully related in the preface. ]

* One month at Sitka, and two at Barnoule.

2 Further on, in the same article from which these conclusions are quoted, and which may be
found on page 89 of the Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science,
1853; Prof. Coffin determines this angle as 65°; and a reference to the article plainly shows that
this determination was reached, without any knowledge by him of its having been accomplished, or
even attempted, at that time, by any other writer on the subject, although the reference on page
664, of this work, conveys the intimation that this principle is generally referred to in Europe as
“Buys-Battor’s Law or THE Winds”. But it does not there appear at what date Prof. Ballot
had made the announcement, with which he is so accredited.

- § It is worthy of remark that here, too, the angle is acute, if, instead of the mean direction of the
wind observed at Hamilton, we employ that at Ireland Isle, another island in the same group, or even
the mean between the two.

p December, 1875.

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WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS.

THE following list will serve as an index for finding where the results of the material from any
given station are incorporated into the work, by turning to the number of its zone as given in the
running title at the top of each right-hand page, and following the serial numbers down till the one
belonging to that station is reached.

observations made at Jerusalem, turn to zone No. 1

For ere if it be required to find the results of the

2, and follow its serial numbers down to 179.

Longitude

Abbeville ..

Aberavon..
Aberdeen ..

Abo........-

Addison ..
Aden
Afton ..
Agra...

Ahun..

Aiken..
Aitato.

pemoninste
Akyab .

Alagyr..

Albacete ..
Albany ....
Albany ....
Albany ....
Albion ....
Albion

Aleppo ..

1 April, 1874

! Gainesville.

I Reference to
Name of station. State or country. Latitude. from of Serial No. authority in
Greenwich. |thesea.| zone in zone. Appendix.
Aalesund ............... | Norway..........s0se0+. | 62°29/N. 5° 41/ E. 32 6 24 19
Aarau......... Switzerland .. 47 23 N. 8 5 E. oe 9 | 183 and 196 | 12 and 21
Abbeville... France.. ashes DOM Ne 150 &. 8 | 1384 and 138} 6
... | South Charaltina. .| 3411 N. | 82 24 W. 12 | 135 and 138 | 68
Abbitibbe House. . | Hudson’s Boe Terr. 48 48 N. | 78 30 W. 9 61 1
.--. | Wales . 300 coo || Bil BH) ING 3 48 W.| ... 8 53 68
Scotland . 57 9 N. 2 8 W.| 110 7 39 7
Aberdoutr .... Scotland ........ 56 29 N. 3 28 W. 60 7 43 7
Abiquiu ..... New Mexico . 000 36 5 N. |106 40 W.| ... 11 43 2
Russia. . 6500 60 27 N. | 22 10 H. 6 44 and 45 4
Abou Egli...... INS sce ose .. | 18 44 N. | 33 36 E. 15 30 70
Abgoulgui .... Abyssinia.............. | 10 30 N. | 34 41 E. 16 26 70
Acquidneset.. Rhode Island.. 251 8X3 Wo | 7) BRA MYl) con 10 | 288 and 289 | 9 and 1
Adams.......... New York.... 43 52 N. | 75 50 W.| 632 10 | 209 1 and 9
Maine......... 44 31 N. | 67 34 W.| .-.. 10 =| 314 9
Adelaide .... Australia .. 34 57 S. |138 38 E. 140 25 69 55 and 14
Adelsberg ... Illyria...... 45 46 N. | 14 12 E. 066 9 | 322 and 323 | 22
B0d008 Arabia......... 12 46 N. | 45 5 E. 199 16 29 17
Abyssinia...... 14 11 N. | 38 55 HE. Ace 16 27 35 and 87
Affoltern ..... Switzerland ... 47 6 N. 7 20 EH. 9 | 190 and 196 | 12
Minnesota...... 20) YO) I, |) GB} 0) AVS] abo 10 77 1
mel | lita Gittcleeetenetecistes 2710 N. | 78 5 E. 551 113} 8l and 86 | 14 and 23
Agricultural College. Maryland... 382 WN. | 762 Wz.) -- 11 | 138 1
. | Frauce.. cooone || 445° 5} INI 2 2 E.| 1471 9 | 114 il
South Carolina. Boers 33 32 N. | 81 34 W.| 565 12 | 140and 141} 1
Abyssinia .. 15 29 N. | 39 13 E. He 15 31 35
Soiimaileadl » Baie 46 31 N. 8 35 E. 9 | 235 and 237 | 12
ogbOs Siberia .......... 56 27 N. |138 26 E. 7 136 14
India..... 26 20 N. | 74 47 E. 13 78 & 78 (a) | 23
Siberia .. DileOMING | noO E. 8 240 (b) 144
..... | India..... 20 8 N. | 92 57 E. ep 14 39 17
Alachua County! peer Florida.. 29 35 N. | 82 26 W.| 184 13 41 and 42
: ss.eee | Russia .. 3 ON. | 44 8 E. | 2060 10 | 394 20 and 65
Aland Islands. Russia. 60 15 N. | 19 50 E. ee 6 37 4
Spain .... 39 ON. | 155 W. 11 | 192 and 196 | 29
Illinois ..... 41 40 N. | 90 16 W.| -:- 10 | 104 1
New York.. 42 39 N. | 73 44 W.| 130] 10 | 219 and 227/ 3
Oregon ..... 44 22 N. |123 0 W.| ..- 10 28 1
Illinois ....... 38 33 N. | 88 12 W. 11 92 and 93 1
weasee New York.... 43 15 N. | 78 21 W.) = 10 | 160 1
Albion Mines.. Nova Scotia. 45 34 N. | 62 42 W.| 128 9 85 1 and 68
Albuquerque........... | New Mexico.... 35 6 N. |106 38 W.| 5032 11 45 and 46 2
Alcatraz isina California....... 37 50 N. |122 24 W.| ... 11 26 2
Alderly Rectory .. ono 560 England... ? 2 c00 9 85 and 94 | 30
Aldershot ane, pesca0 England.... 51 15 N. 1 W.| 325 8 | 106 and 118 | 13
cere | SIV, cose B45 il WE |) Bf) 1b, 600 11 | 212 91
Alexandria... ss... Egypt .... 31 12 N. | 29 53 E. 50} 12 | 174 14, 35, and 87

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

ae aaa pie Serial No. in Re eOHeY i
NESTE EAST Be ae aa BOREL Gaeseaion: (aeore. mee | Z THORS inet
Alexandria............ | Tennessee............. | 36° 10/ N. | 86° 9/W.) ... 11 | 104 1
Alexandra ...... Virginia... 38 48 N.| 77 1 W. 56 11 | 125 and 126 1 me
Alexandropol......... | Russia .. 40 47 N.| 43 35 E. | 5010} 10 | 391 14, 20, and 65 f
Alexandrovskaya... | Russia ................. | 44 43 N. | 42 33 KE. 20 10 | 390 4 }
Stanitza
eee pe atte Algeria.............0.0. | 36 52 N. 3 2E. 66 11 2013 21 and 33
Algona... LOvaren eee ee 43 1N.|94 4 Wl ... 10 | 80 1
Miicantot ee cee: Spain cocsaeincssienciens 38 21 N.| O 32 W. 92 11 | 194 and 196 29
Allahabad ............ | India...... bateroieee 251.25) Ns) S80 51 e. 590 113} 93 (c) 23
Alleghany A Ponnsylvania s peiens 40 26 N..| 80. 2. W.) ... 10 | 139 and 144 2and1
Alleghany City ...... Pennsylvania........ | 40 30 N.| 80 0 W.| .. 10 | 144 1
Alleghany Tunnel... | Pennsylvania........ 40 30 N.| 78 36 W.| ... 10 | 167
Allenheads........... | England vans S44 ASV NG] Peeeeaees 1360 8 | 61 and 66 13
Allenton ... Missouri .. 38 29 N.| 90 45 W.| ... 11 87 1
Alligator... Florida . cesses || OO eR ZONe a S2icceaWin|( a ale: 12 | 133 and 134 1
All Saints.. South Carolina. ecsods 33 40 N.| 79 17 W. 20 12 | 140 and #41 1
Allstedt... Germany.............. | 51 26 N.| 11 20H. no 8 | 182 40
Alnoma .. Indiana...... -.-. | 08 45 N.| 85 33 W.! ... 11 101 1
JNO i gerpccein Belgium ...... -. |50 55 No | 4 5 E. ot 8 | 140 and 143 68
Altdorf ..... Switzerland.. 46 53 N. 8 35 E. <n 9 | 221 and 237 12
Althofen.. Hungary ..... 47 37 N.| 19 1 E. 2c 9 | 344 and 345 22
Altoona .... Pennsylvania. 40 37 N.| 78 22 W.} 1168 10 | 167 1
Altstatten .. Switzerland.... 47 23 N.| 9 35 E ob 9 | 256 and 273 12
Amboina.... Spice Island... -| 3 46 S. |127 59 E. 20 19 48 21
Amenia New York... 41 52 N.| 73 36 W.| 540 10 | 241 and 243 3
Ames... Iowa.. 42 00 N.| 93 30 W.| ... 10 80 1
Amjinsk.. Siberia . 20% waeese | OL 000) Newdo2e OE. cas 6 66 69
Amherst .. Massachusetts . Sccen0 42 22 N.| 72 34 W.| 267 10 | 258 and 260 land 5
Amritsar... Widen aseestenceeseetieert || Leed OMI ea Ono Om lis ate 12 | 184(a)&184(c)}142
Amsterdam........... Holland . ee reel | POZE Dee New Nee Dole bie 50 & | 153 and 160 a 33, and 41f
Anadyr River ....... | Siberia................. | 64 30 N.|178 0 E. coe 6 71
(mouth of)
Ama dlyir8 Kiseeeiodmeeest| (OV OOIIA secclssannsiessane 65 30 N. |168 4 E. ec 5 26 67
Anchorage Plain.... | Louisiana. 32 30 N.| 93 45 W.| 240 12 8&5 1
Ancud (Gulf of).... | Chili........ Aan Rell Vee Dowell ee |) 2a | Ey 137
Andalusia.... Illinois... 41 30 N.| 90 45 W. ... 10 =| 104 t
Andenes.... Norway..... 69 19 N.| 16 8 E. cee 5 17 14
Andermatt . Switzerland. 6 46 38 N.| 8 35 E. cee 9 | 222 12
Andover..... ... | Massachusetts PASH) INS |] al EP Agel = ceo 10 | 296 ane
Andrews....... OR areseneenenee N.| 80 45 W.) ... 10 | 129 1
Andvoirlich .......--. | Scotland ......... 0+ «+ INS) 440) Well eee 7 31 7
Angel Island ......... | California............ N. 122 30 W. 30] 11 26 2
b Angelica....... New York.... N.| 78 1 W.j| 1500 10 | 159 and 160 1
Angers .... France........ N. OSA Waar ees 9 | 104 and 105 6
Angolola.. Abyssinia.... 3 Ns|| 39) 24 Ei: ae 17 34 35
NTP cx eonon INAS Smaps eo Nei 2p lb Wee eee 11 =| 174(a) 137
Aniva Bay.. bl renee N43 One eee 9 | 374 (a) 126
Annapolis... Maryland............6 38 59 N.| 76 30 W.| 20] 11 2 and 137 1
Ann Arbor.. Michigan..... 42 16 N.| 83 44 W.| 891 10 | 122 and 123 1
Anspach..... Bavaria....... 49 18 N./ 10 34 E. see 9 | 290 and 297 68
Antalo.......... Abyssinia ... 13 10 N.| 40 35 E. Rec 16 28 35
Apalachicola . Florida........ 29 47 N.| 85 5 W.j ... 13 33 and 42 land 9
Apenrade ... Denmark .... 54 59 N.| 9 24 FE. sec 8 | 179 and 180 68 and 74
Appleton.... Wisconsin ... 44 10 N.| 88 35 W.| 800] 10 96 and 97 1
Aralikh. Asia Minor... 39 53 N.| 44 26 BE. 26 11 217 65 and 20
Hl Aralskoe, 0: or + Raimsk Central Asia. 46 4N.| 61 47 E. con 9 | 369 20 and 4
Aransas Bay: Seclesaes Texaseecncasess 27 47 N.| 97 08 W.| -.. 13 20 15
LENE eerie Australia... 37 18 8S. |142 58 E. | 1072 26 85 18
Arbroath . Scotland... 56 33 N.| 2 36 W. 71 7 43 7
Arbresle..... ... || Hrance..... 45 48 N.| 4 26 E. ba 9 | 130 and 138 11
Arcadia ..... .. | Kentucky . Bros RC ere BEE Cel oc 11 107 1
Archangel coon EMULS SIG feoteree -... | 64 34 N. | 38 59 E. 520 6 63 4 and 68
Arcola..... aac OM Ofentecer= 41 55 N.| 81 6 W.] 650 10 128 and 129 ai
Argyle..... New York.... (Se 40 New| 43: Lb Wills tees 10 | 227 1
; ea Arkansas.. 34 8 N.| 92 58 W.) .... 12 81 1
Armagh .. ... | Ireland.. : ew. | 54 21 N.} 6 39 W.| 210 8 | 30 and 33 25
Armstrong .. : Pennsylvania.. .|40 40 N.| 79 17 WW.) ... 10 | 144 9
Armstrong Ac ademy Indian Territory .. 33 50 N.| 95 55 W.! ... 12 77 and 75 A
Arendale.............. Alabama... SD Net! SOL lenv al lnees 12 | 107 and 109 1 and 9
ATZOWiicactareens Algeria...... 35 52 N. PW Bis} NAVA Naas 11 198 6
Ascension Island... South Atlantic Ocean 8) 80S. | 14028) will) oe 20 26 14 and 34
Aschersleben......... Germany.. vaveens | Ol 45 Ni | 12 27 ae 8 | 181 and 190 68
ASH] andeertseaccsectces Virginia 2 eee 38 28 N. | 81 57 W.! ... 11 116 and 117 a

SERIES A.

Name of station.

i JST MERE! se: cre cenenscee

i Ashtabula....
| Askersund....

Aspinwall.....

i Assen ..
Accistancol Harbors.
H Assouan ..

i IAGO Ropcer accu

j Assumption...

# Astoria........
) Astrabad...

# Astrachan..

Atalissa.....

} Atchison.

7 Athens.....
Athens......

7 Athens...

7 Athens...

¥ Athens...

Athy ......

H Atlanta...

Atsala.....

Atsena......

Attakepas ....

} Auburn...
} Auburn...

Auburn..
‘Auchendrane Teese
y Auen.. Napasonsoeco

Augusta .. A000
g@ Augusta....

7 Augusta

Augusta Arsenal...

Aukland.. a0e6

Aukland Tialisvadlan,

Aurora.. G0

NMTOFE coon

Austin..

Austin..

Austin Barracks
j Austinburg............
7 Avandus....

f Avon......

‘| AGO ococ-0 cacosacsace.
Avondell...........++.
Azof (Sea of). C09
ANAIENIERD scoqe0ec0n 003 ce5
i Bache Aktolik.......
Badajos.............--.
Bagdad .........0...---
Bagneres-de-Bigorre
Bahmdun............
Baillieston ... “on
TRENEO God coacoc sone00 co
Balachna.........

H palegnen:

Balbec..

H Baldwin’: s Institute.
H Baldwinsville..

; Baldwinsville ..... cb
Balfour .........
Balaarat ........
Ballardsville ..

§ Ballater .

Ballina..

H Balloch Gaile.

H Baltimore..
Baltischport.. one
Bamberg........
Banchory.... Bee
IBATICOOMA eecessccieceias=

State or country.

Wisconsin ............
Ohio..

Siradlen 3
Central Raves oe
Holland.. cceie00
British NineereOence

Paraguay..
Oregon....

Persia ...

Russia..

Iowa ....

Kansas ono
(COWEN accc ces deoasccon
(GAREEEE: oo oas nao ons condos
Illinois.....
Missouri ..

Ireland....
Georgia ....
Abyssinia.
Florida..
hawaghame- cen
North Oarcnnee
Alabama....
California...
New York...
Oregon.....
Scotland........
Switzerland ...
Georgia.........
Illinois
Missouri ..
Georgia.

New Teale.
South Pacific @ucem
Illinois .
indienne. nope
Tennessee ..
MexaSeeesencee
Texas..

Ohio. ....
Russia .....
Kansas...
Ohio........
Pennsylvania.
IRUSSiayeceecesees
Wisconsin
Siberia..

Spain ......... 9000
Turkey in Asia.
Vrance..........
Syria.....
Scotland.
Russia ..
Russia...
Spain ...
Indiana..

(O) NW) Goose coece
Massachusetts.
New York...
Scotland
Australia.....
Kentucky .
Scotland...
Treland...
Scotland....
Maryland..
Russia

Bavaria ...
Scotland .. Bpeo
Hindoostan ..........

Latitude.

46° 33/ N.

41 55
58 53
9 29
52 59
70 40
24
16
25
46
36
46
41
39

Ae 1

‘

ZBaAaeeae

.

SC ei est EEE

Longitude
from
Greenwich.

91°

80
14
79

Height
above
the sea.

Serial No. in
zone.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS.

Reference to |
authority in jf
Appendix. {

0’ W.
50 W.
54
54

> 30

16
55
54
45
48
49

oo or
rR ooo

wo wo 02
DWrPowATOO Ww

52 and 53

129
74 and 76
15 and 18
158,
6

160

29

30

23

25 and 28
221
3566

91

71
123, 127, & 128
298 (a)

90 and 91

41 and 42
29 and 33
124
114 and 115
19
171 and 187
33
33
230 and 237
124 and 128
101 and 102
87
125,126, & 128
90 and 90 (a)
56
106 and 107
101
104
61 and 62
60
129
100
72
129
167
362
100
65

| 184

183
360 and 362
181
33
396
115 and 116
54 and 352
114 and 352
114
260
186 and 187
43
74 and 77
106 and 107
39
27 and 33
31
128 and 131
97
294 and 296
39
38

ee
NRE RTP wee

55 and 137

108

H

bc ow
CASTAMINMNDOSCHY BHR QOH pe Hee

= hoe bo
OTHE eH

ry bo
TSAsTH

A Basle.........
¥ Bassa Cove..

f Belleville....

Name of station.

Banff Castle..........

Bangor.......-
Bangor.......-.
Banjoewangi ...
Banjermassin ..
Baraboo. .......+
Barbadoes. .
Barceloua.....
Bardstown ..
Bareilly..

Barings Island.
Barnet
Barnoule...
Barnstable ...
Barnstable ...
Barnstead ....
Barrattsville .
Barn yieerisssenets

Bassora...
Bastrop ...
Batavia ..
Batavia ..
Bath..
Bath..
Baton Rouge . 20
Battle Creek..
Baurtregaum....
Baxter Springs ......
Bay City............0+.
Bayfield ....
Bay of Islands.
Bear Island..

Bear Islands. ........

Beatenberg............
{| Beaufort.....
F Beaufort..

Beaujen...
Beaver .........

} Beaver Bay...........

Beaver Brook.
Bedford........
Beech Fork....
Beechworth...

Belfast...... wees
Bedford Hospital...
Belle Centre..

Bellefontaine...
Bellefontaine.
Bellefonte......
Belleville....
Belleville....

Belleville....
Bellevue.....
Bellingzona...........
Bellona Arsenal . ane

f Bell Sound..

| Bell Porte... ....00.0-
BP TSGIOUE Se. onceun concecsse

# Belvidere.

Benares......
Benbecula .. ae
IBGNCOLInnceeceenesnees

Bendersville.......... |

(Beniciass-ccee:
Bennington... as
Benton seen secon

WINDS OF THE GLOBE

State or country.

Scotland............+:

TOW) scce0se
Maine ...
JER icaoanecn
Borneo.......
Wisconsin .....
West Indies....
Spain .........
Kentucky .
India .......
Arctie Ocean ..
Vermont..
Siberia.. boaio
Massachusetts « ;
England... Seine
New Hampzhire.....
South Carolina......
Scoblandir.ceseee tease
Switzerland.
TADGT aac scsecsienciser ses
Turkey i in 1 Asia abot
Texas . ocr
IMinois..
ABE iaocnoe
England ...
Maine
Louisiana...
Michigan....
Treland.....
Kansas.......
Wisconsin ..
Wisconsin .....
New Zealand
Arctic Ocean (near
Spitzbergen)
Arctic Ocean (near
coast of Siberia)
Switzerland ..........
North Carolina
South Carolina
France. Seales
Pennsylvania...
Minnesota..
New York. os.
Pennsylvania.
Kentucky ......
Australia.....
Syria.....
Florida ..
Maine ......
Scotland ...
CO) Oke agra cen ose
(Q)0619) = sragconecaecnctocess
Wisconsin ............
Pennsylvania........
TULMOIS: = <2. acseenens
New Jersey..
New York.............
Towaeemacess
Nebraska.....
Switzerland...
Virginia ........
Spitzbergen..
New York....
Wisconsin ...
Illinois..
India..
Hebrides Tatands.,

Treland..

Pennsylvania. .
California......
Vermont...... non
Louisiana.............

Latitude.
ls oy N
ie N
44 a N
So Las.
3 23 S.
43 29 N.
La brane
41 22 N.
Bh LPAI
; 28 13 N.
ou OMNe
44 18 N.
5320 INS
41 42 N.
5 by Ne
43 38 N.
34 10 N.
56 31 N.
47 33 N.
5 58 N.
30 30 N.
BOM miNe
41 48 N.
6 115.
Dil -230Ne
43 55 N.
30 26 N.
42 20 N.
52 12 N.
Bf 8} Wis
46 18 N.
46 43 N.
BDO:
745 «ON.
70-704 N.
46 41 N.
34 41 N.
32 21 N.
5 LOW NE
44 N.

12 N.

20 N.
nN:

N.

33 50 N.
30 25 N.
44 22 N.
57) 0 Ne
40 30 N.
40 17 N.
43 48 N.
40 55 N.
38 29 N.
40 47 N.
43 45 N.
42 50 N.
}41 8 N.
46 12 N.
37 40 N.
77 30 N.
40 44 N.
42 30 N.
42 19 N.
25 2 N.
57 27 N.
53 30 N.
39°57 N.
HB ao: GNe
42 52 N.
32 30 N

Longitude

from

Greenwich.

Height
above
the sea.

“1s
49

400

1170
300

“Io
15
750

260

“64

Serial No. in
zone.

37
80
311
44 and 45

353 and 354
107
84, 86, & 84(a)
2and 3
253
242
303
95 and 118

276 and 277
138

43
180

33
184

62
106 and 107
45 (a)

99 and 118
307 and 309
88 and 89
115 and 116

44 (?)

75 and 76
2 and 53.

63

89

Wy

27

202 and 237
148 and 149
145
141 and 148
144

51
242 and 243
164, 166, & 167
107

82
180
120 and 121
311

39
124 and 125
124 and 125

96 and 97
167

91

248

176 and 187
88 and 89
67 and 68

246 and 248

139 and 143
14

262 and 273
99 and 100

107
94, 97,& 94(a)
29

16 and 17
256
85

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

30

2

i
9
1

21

1

1

1
5, 14, and 60

1

land 8
1

1
1
1
8

and 8

17, 38, & 125

oe ee

bo

bo .

PON EP OAMWHHE EIN NE REE ERE Eee

i) 2
i=] i=]
= I
wo ao

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS. 5

Longitude | Height b Reference to }
Name of station. State or country. Latitude. from above Serial No. in authority in
Greenwich. |the sea. 7 zone. Appendix.

Ne |, 79) 87H.
N. | 89 37
N. | 94 10
| Berea.......... ..- | Ohio........- So 27 N.| 82 5
Beresov . ... | Siberia.... aes 0 N 67 0

N

N

N

} Bensberg........e0-0+ | Prussia ...1eeseeeee | 50° 58/
} Benton........ .... | Missouri.... pba 8
Bentonville.. .... | Arkansas .. aos 3 23

89 and 87

Bergen... ... | Norway.. ... | 60 24 5 20
Berlin .... ..» | Prussia... 36 32 13 26
Berne.. .-.- | Georgia ... ... | 30 50 81 50
Bevmnegaesp .... | Switzerland .......... 57 7 24
Bernharden . see ) SWitzerland .......... 30 9

Bernina.. .... | Switzerland .......... | 46 27 10
Berryville... : «--. | Virginia .......---..- 78
Berwick ... Pennsylvania........ 76
Besancon.. secnecal MITaMCOnetccseseseenae: 13 6
Bessested . ..» | Iceland... re 22
Bethany ... --.. | Missouri.. pp 16 94
Bethel.... See ai ... | 44 18 70

S600 Boneoosy 0 84

Bethlehem ............ | Pennsylvania........ 33 75

HO ie 21060 ; es 23 74

Bevers.. .-. | Switzerland .......... 5 33.

Bex ...........0s0e2..+e5 | Switzerland .......... 15

Bhawulpoor . pose || LYsbe, osoaeaascac po 26

Biddeford .. .+ | Maine .. ... | 43 29

Spain... and 15

Mississippi . S00 27

-... | Algeria... 08 51
Blackbird Hills... Nebraska... cbs 10

# Black River.........- | Louisiana.... 30
Black Sea.. paadeotoD A 45
Blackwell’s Tsland.. New York.. 14
Bladensburg Maryland.............. | 38 57
Blairsville ............ | Pennsylvania........ 28
Block House ......... | Oregon.... oca 25
THIS oceocoeancosceace || TONER VE: Sooo or6 35
Bloomfield ............ | New Jersey........... 49
Bloomfield ............ | Wisconsin............ | 42 16
Bloomhill.........-... | Scotland .... et 8
Bloomingdale........ | Indiana... ... | 39 48
Bloomingdale Asyl. | New York.......
Blooming Grove ..... | Pennsylvania..
Bloomingtou ......... | Ilinois...........

} Bloomington ......... | Indiana...

} Bloomington ... - | lowa....

Bodenbach -. | Bohemia..
Bogoslowsk.. +. | Siberia.. é
Bogota........ ---- | New Granada.
Bokhara . --- | Turkestan . O60

} Boligee...... poor Alabama.....:; bon ob
Bolivar... ---- | Missouri ....
Bologna.... se» | Italy.........
Bombay ... -.-- | Hindoostan.
Bonham .... sere || DEXaS) ...----
Booneville ... --.- | Missouri....
Boonsboro’ .. poco || HON) cooeccoce
Bon Secour... .--. | Alabama..
Bordeaux .... -. | France....

Border Plains........ | lowa....... 6
Bossekop ... | Finmark...............
Boston.... premeil | EAN Cueesbedse<eltesess
Boston.... -+-- | Georgia ..........
Boston.... ---. | Massachusetts .
Boston... eon | SNEED cososaacnond

-... | Tyrol...
Bourbonne.. .... | France.
Bourg .. .... | France....
Bournemouth.. ....-. | England ..

f Bowens Prairie Towa......-
Bowhill................ | Scotland....
Bowles Creek Minnesota..
Bowling Green....... | Kentucky...
Bowling Green Ohio..
Bozberg.....eesee eee ees Switzerland.

21 and 47
1
201 and 237 12 and 21
231 and 237 12
269 and 273 12
125 and 126 1
189 and 190 1
156 and 161 11
15 68 -
83
309
109
196 land 9
242 and 243 1
264 and 273 12
238 12 and 21
77 (a) 23
308 and 309 1 and 31
340 and 343
106
172
65
86 and 87
380 and 881
242 and 243
137 and 138
144
27 and 28
112 and 113
247 and 248
93
49
99
230 and 243
189 and 190
109
99
90 and 91 1 and 21
203 and 204 22 and 68
127
16
223
115
81
374 nd 24
35 and 140
67
87
80
106 [362
355, 356, 357 &
79 and 80
19
89 and 94
132
292 and 296
67
313 and 314
158 and 161
144 and 148
127 and i33 7 and 13
89
49
77
96 and 97
125
182 and 196

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6 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

| | ii i
| | Longitude | Height ‘ ; ; Referenae to f
Name of station. | State or country Latitude. | from above Serial No, in authority in

Greenwich. |the sea. zone. Appendix
| |

| 739 Shiels 255 and 256
72 26 W.| ... 256
50 E. coo | 213
40 W. 129
E. || 146 and 151
E. wee 167 and 173
Walli ice: 69
E. 211
22, 7 and 17
98 6
122 and 123
218 (a)
311
299 and 300
182 and 187
203 and 237
90 and 91
54

Brandon q-ccs0sssesse:- | VeXIMONE..se.. cccaseeee
Brattleboro’ .. eeoail WOXINOLcesiessiecelouatn<n
Braunsburg... eeeni| PEEUSSIA sess
Breckville .... snl MODY hiae sia
Breda ........ -.. | Holland ....
Bremen... ... | Germany..
Bremend. - | Texas ....
Breslau... --- | Silesia....
Bresenye ... | Shetland.
Brest .. ae
Brest .. ... | Michigan..
Brostlitowsk .. + | Russia
Brewer......... see |) MAING ons cescescee
Bridgewater... oe | Massachusetts .
Bridgewater .......... | New York..
Brienz.......... Bee Switzerland . 5
Brighton... -- | Illinois........
Brisbane... Australia...
Bristol England .... 97 and 118
Germany... ant = 176
Brockville ... Beep | alii birtast: heen, wee avon 93
Brockville ... -- | Indiana..... S tee 112 and 114
Bronxholm.. -- | Scotland 46
Brookfield.... « | Connecticut.... 267
Brookfield ... Sass 252
Brookhaven.......... Mississippi. 102
Brookhaven.......... | New York..... 273

sees Michigan... 123 and 122
New York..

++ | Indiana.....
Brown Cottage....... | New York.....
Brown University... | Rhode Island.
Brownsville .......... | Arkansas.....-
Brownville + | Nebraska.....-
Brownsville .......... Pennsylvania..
Moravia, .........
Maine ..
Switzerland ..

+--+ | Belgium .......
Bucksfelde... pecs Weatealians
Buckhorn............-- | Arkansas...
BuGksporte-ssc-cares-'||| Maine ean mal
Buda (Ofen) ......... UU PAN Yasar cclansiecaens
Buenos eo tea -«» | South America
Buffalo.. seceeeeee | New York........
Buffalo!.. + | Virginia
Buffalo Barracks. --- | New York...
Buffalo eee
Buitenzorg ...
Buncrana.. - | Ireland ...
Burglengenfeld ... Germany.
Burgos Beoh |! (Shee aersccs
Burkeville... --- | Texas. ...
Burlingame.. - | Kansas..
Burlington...
Burlington.... «- | Kansas....
Burlington... --- | Minnesota...
Burlington.... «+ | New Jersey.
Burlington... +» | Vermont.....
Burlington ... ++ | Wisconsin .......
Burning Springs ++ | West Virginia
Burr Oak.. +» | Michigan..........00.
Bush’s Station. «| Siberi a
Bushy Heath......... | England ....0.00.c0.-0.
Bustleton + | Pennsylvania........
chee + | Pennsylvania........
Buxton .. Boor fav i hance eee eenteee ons
Byberry... | Pennsylvania........
Byfield | Massachusetts.......
Cabotville.. Massachusetts.......
Cadiz .....23. Pron) Ihe raoweaaae
Caesarea.... + | Asia Minor... oo
Cahawha...........06. | Alabama... sesess ss es.

4

AALAAAABAAAaaaas 22
Pahehagaraa

SDrH DS

159 and 160 |

284, 285, & 289 |
81 |
68

127

338 and 340

305 and 309

270 and 273s

141 and 143 . | 16, 21, & 44
70 68
79 1

311 1

343 and 345 =| 24, 28, & 38
24 14

b We]
DPR RTE HoH

aah aah HR eh 444eqesa4aa4ae

149.159, & 160 |

147 and 160
57
43 and 45
22 and 25
303 and 304
339 and 343
70
69 and 73
91
72
51
247 and 248 1 and 9
249, 251, & 252 | 1 and 32
100
117
116
27
114 and 118
195 and 196
141 and 144
309
195 ana 196
296
260
101
211
ats)

b ¢ g € > © >
| seaeeneaeaeneeaaneeeeane eae

' See Ashland.

SERIES A.

Name of station.

Cahirciven ...
Cairndow.....
Cairo........
Calais ......

f Calcutta..

n

} Camden

Caldwell Baas
Caledonia Bay...

Calf of Man...
Callao .........
Calton Hill...
Calton Mor...
Camanche ...
Cambray .....
Cambridge ..
Cambridge ..
Cambridge ..
Cambridge ..
Camden . meee
Camden Town .

! Camp Anderson!...
7 Campbell’s Island...

Camp Bidwell........
Camp Bowie.....

} Camp Cadyeoscssss--

Camp Cimarron.....

| Camp Colorada......

Camp Colorada......
Camp Concordia....

} Camp Connor........

i Camp Cooke.....

Camp Cooper.........
Camp Crittenden ...
(old F't. Buchanan)
Camp Date Creek...

H Camp Douglas.......

# Camperdown ...

} Camp Floyd....
} Camp Gaston...
1 Camp Goodwin

Camp El Dorado....

Camp Far West

Camp Halleck .......

# Camp Harney........

Camp Hudson.......
Camp Independence

| Camp Lawrence.....

Camp Lawson .
Camp Logan.......
Camp MoDermit .

Camp McDowell..

Camp McGarry
Camp McPherson ...
Camp Moore..........
Camp Pickett........
Camp Plummer

# Camp Quitman......
# Camp Rio Mimbres.

Camp Salubrity.....

7 Camp Scott...........
; Camp Semiahmoo...
i Camp Skull Valley.
| Camp Stamford .....

[Stockton.
Camp Steele...
Camp Stockton......
Camp Twiggs........
Camp Three Forks .
Camp Verde..........
Camp Verde... cogodeina
Camp Walbach......
Camp Waller.........
Camp Warner.......

ACTH IP Tt ATE T9I GT OA Ty, TTS IP SAU MeN Se

Longitude | Height| No. Reference to
State or country. Latitude. from above of Serial No. in authority in
Greenwich. the sea. zone zone. Appendix.
Ireland.... 51° 56/ N. | 10°13/ W.| ... 8 45 and 48 25
Scotland .. 56 16 N. 4 56 W. 25 7 31 7
Egypt... 30 11 N.| 31 20 8.| .. | 12 |175 &175(a) | 35, 38, 87, &
Verniont...... Ad 22) Ne | 72) 9 Wal =. 10 =| 252 il [137
Hindoostan.. 23 33 N.| 88 18 E. 19 | 14 36 and 37 = and 49
Wisconsin ... Bob a 48 N.| 88 13 W.) ... 10 =| 100
Isthmus of Darien.. ao N. | 78 (2) W.| 10) 17 19 34
Irish Sea.. 54 N. 4°49 Wi.) ... 8 50 7
ai onssee 12 a Ss. | 77 13 W. 21 14 1, 9, and 59
Scotland.... 55 56 N. By, LK) Vall osee 7 44 68
Scotland.... 56 8 N.| 5 30 W. 65 7 30 7 and 17
Towa........+ 41 48 N.| 90 45 W.| ... 10 90 and 91 1
France.....- seco |) AO) UG ING 3 14 E. 8 137 and 138 6
England .............../52 13 N.| 0 9 HE. dea 8 89 21
Massachusetts....... | 42 24 N.| 71 8 W. 71 10 | 295 and 296 1, 56, 68, &
New York....... 48) TL Ne | 7B 2B Vivo! 200 10 224 and 227 S [95
Ohio .. 40 5 N:| 81 37 W. 10 129 9
Axisansas.. coo toocce || $3 BA Ilo || OB ZS AWVall Goo 12 82 1
SoninlGacolinne 34 17 N.| 80 33 W.| 275 | 12 | 136,137,&138) 1
England .. 5 33 N. | 0 7 Wa) 123 8 | 110 and 118 13
California....... 38 30 N. |121 28 W.| ... i 17 2
Pacific Ocean... 52 33 S. |169 9 EH. 10 | 29 56 08
California...... 41 55 N. |120 15 W.| 4680 10 19 and 21 2
Arizona....... 32 10 N. |109 30 W.| ... 12 27 and 28 2
California.... 34 58 N. |116 35 W.| 3000 12 13 2
New Mexico... 36 N. 104 0 W.) ... 11 50 2
Arizona.. 34 4 N. \114 10 W. 12 14 (a) 2
Texas.... 81 55 N.| 99 17 W.| ... 12 54 2
Texas.... 31 46 N. |106 21 W.} 3600 12 46 2
Idaho ...... 42 44 N. |111 45 W.)| ... 000 nd0000 00 2
Montana, .......:--c++ 47 48 N. j111 0 W. 9 35 and 36 2
Texas ...... cose || 68) N. | 99 15 W. 11 56 (a) 2
Avizona................| 31 43 N. 110 35 W. 12 24 2
Avizona.............-.. | 34 45 N. |112 18 W.| 3726 | 12 15 and 20 2
WWE 3000 005 40 39 N. |111 42 W.) 4800 10 46 and 48 2
Arizona....... 35 45 N. |114 50 W.| ... 11 32 and 35 2
Australia... 2 2 770 | 26 83 18
California. 39 7 N. |121 18 W.| .-.. 11 13 and 15 2
Witalliseyeestoe 40 13 N. |112 8 W.| 4860 10 48 2
California. 4J 10 N. |123 15 W.)| ..- 10 14 and 16 2
Avizona...... 32 52 N. |109 51 W.| ... 12 25, 26, & 28 2
Nevada.... 40 55 N. \115 57 W.| 5600 | 10 41 and 43 2
Oregon... 43 0 N.|119 0 W.| ..- 10 34 and 36 2
Texas....... 30 5 N. lol 7 W.| --. 12 | 49 2
California... 36 50 N. |118 11 W.| 4800 | 11 30 2
Louisiana... ? ? ua 12 89 2
Mississippi.. 2 2 coe 12 | 106 2
Oregon....... 44 9 N.|119 5 W.| 5600 10 33 2
Nevada.... 41 58 N. \117 40 W.) 4700 10 38 and 40 2
Arizona.... 33 46 N. |111 36 W.| ... 12 16 and 20 2
Nevada... 41 40 N. |119 0 W.| 6000 | 10 37 2
Arizona... 34 45 N. |112 18 W.| 3726 12 15 and 20 2
Arizona... oo || S24 OW We (UT OW 0 12 28 2
San Juan Island2, ... | 48 28 N. |123 1 W.| 150 9 16 2
New Mexico.. 36 55 N. |107 OW.) ... 11 41 and 43 2
Thess ee 30 40 N. 105 0 W.| 3710 | 12 45 and 46 2
New Mexico.. 32 32 N. |107 59 W.| ... 12 32 2
Louisiana.. 31 40 N. | 93 15 W. 12 84 2
Utah.. posencoo || Gk AS} ING MNO BR WYsH 60 10 50 2
Washington Terr. .. |49 © N. |122 45 W. 11 9 15 and 16 2
Arizona.. 34 45 N. |112 30 W.} 5000 12 15 and 20 2
California... BD Ne |2le sl 7 AWil|) eee iil 26 2
San Juan Island2.... | ........- pneoneee 9 16 2
NESE) cooceacooncoeonccs |) 610) PAD) ING | By Vivo 12 48 2
Mississippi. ? ? 12” | 106 2
aoe ak 42 10 N. |116 54 W. 10 35 and 36 2
Arizona.. 34 2 N. 112 44 We) .- 12 18,19, & 20 2
Texas «...00. 30 O N.| 99 10 W.} 1400 12 56 2
Wyoming... 41 18 N. |105 15 W.| ... 10 58 2
Arizona.. see ee Si a IU) aL ys 12 23 and 24 2
Onn en 42 52 N./120 O W. 10 30 and 31 2

1 See Sonoma.

2 See Washington Territory.

8 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Longitude
rom
Greenwich.

| Height
above
me Bea.

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

Latitude, Serial No. in

zone.

Name of station. State or country.

Camp Watson.......
Camp Willow Grove

Camp Winfield Scott}

Camp Wright........
Canajoharie..........
Canandaigua.........
Canary Islands......
Cannelton..........++
Canonsburg ..........
Cantabria.......
Canton
Canton....
Canton.... ace
CANTON snesee- sacle ree
Cantonment

win.
Cantonment

ing.
Cape Charles
Cape Cod..,
Cape Disappointm’t
Cape Florida
Cape Girardeau
Cape May? :-:-c-nca---
Cape Otway....
Cape Palmas. .....
Cape Small Point ..
Cape Town..
Capon Bridge...
Caraccas
Carbon Cliff..
Cardington...
Cardington...
Cardross ....
Cargen....
Carlisle..
Carlisle......
Carlisle Barracks ..
Carlowville..
Gatlsiemn..
Carlsruhe.....
Carlstad ..
Carmel..
Caroon Point.
Carpenter .... ore
Coreclitawe te
Carson City ..........
f Cartagena.......
pe ha Reef.
Carthage...
Carthage............++.
Caseade Valley.
Cass Lake..
Cassville......-
Castasegna...
Castlemaine. :
Castle Newe.
Castleton..
Castle Toward..
Castletownshond ..
Catharina Sophia...
Catherinenburg
Catherinoslav .......
Cafiola\......c.c0s
Catonsville
Catorce.....
Cayenne .
Cayuga.... Rs
Cayuga Academy!..
Cazenovia..
Cebollettas.....
Cedar Grove..
Cedar Keys...

Oravonteeceeceteeress

Arizona....
Nevada....
California....
New York..
New York..

Atlantic Ocean:

Indiana.
Pennsylvania.
Spain.

Gomeatuee Breisaswde
Massachusetts .......
MISSOUELonssterstenciene

New York....

New Moxito nas
UG IAI ees snchoocdcenonn

WATS TMTA feccennlnenicaniore

Massachusetts

Washington..........

Florida........
Missouri......
New Jersey.
Victoria
Liberia
Maine ..

South Neiaae
Virginia ..
Venesnoles v2
Illinois .....
England ...
Ohio........
Scotland ...
Scotland..
England ..

Pennsylvania. id

Pennsylvania..
Alabama........
Sweden....
Baden........
Sweden.
Maine ..

North Garolina’,

OH pe peleelta

Missouri ..
Colorado........
New Granada.
Florida..
Illinois
Indiana......
Wisconsin ..
Minnesota...
Missouri.....
Switzerland
Australia....
Scotland ...
Vermont...
Scotland...
Ireland ....
Guiana
Siberia..
Russia...
Georgia ....

| Maryland.

Mexico
Guiana
Kansas.....
New York.
New York...
New Mexico
MEXAS#.- ccc
Florida..

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMAAAAAAABAAMAANAAAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAA

(113
117
1123
74
77
17
86
80

2
72
71
91
75

27
30

8
35
15
46
40
14

' Ledyard.

119° 45’ W.
Ww.
W.
W.
Ww.
w.
w.|
W.|

32 and 33
34 and 35
39 and 40
11 and 12
22
157 and 160
71
98 and 99
143 and 144
34] and 343
267
300
83
209
42 and 43

45

143
303
17 and 18
57 and 58
88 and 89
153 and 156
76 and 77
25
309
41 and 42
125 and aD

58 and 66
167
165 and 167
114 and 115
73
276 and 279
71
311 and 3114
145
190
80
51
7
58
102
101
84, 85, 86, and
51 [87
81
266 and 273
81
39
255 and 256
32
46 and 48
22, 23, & 24
129°

169 and 187
179 and 187
39 and 40

27
34, 36, & 42

for)
CHONDH © WHEE HOHPHOwwhrhyD

Ww an

Oe
How

65 co

a

13 and 30

1
6
1

oo 0

Re
HPO NRE RR ED Bee

land 8
3
1
0
8
0

eo

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS.

Name of station.

State or country.

‘Celesteville ..........
| Central GY ers cog. 008
Central Mine..
Centralia........
Centre Si gual § ‘Stat’n
Centreville..... :
Cercie ..
Ceres ....
H Ceres.......
f Ceresco.......
| Chacodate...
Chagres..
Chalons.. weesieee
Chamber sbure. see.ce0
Champion...
Chanacillo .....
Channahan...........
Chapel Hill...........
Chapel Hill. .........
Charkov
# Charleston
Charleston Arsenal.
Charlestown .........
Charlestown... ss
Charlotte .............
Charlottesville
Chatfield
Chathamies--u.---25--"
Chattahoochee.......
Chattanooga..........
Chaumont ............
} Chaux-de-fonds...
Chefoo..........
Chelsea.....-
Cheltenham... =
Cherbourg .........---
Cherry Valley.......
Chestertown.........
Cheviot........
Chicago...
Chico.......
Childsburg...
Chillicothe..
China ........
Chiswick...... ae
Christiania ...........
| Christiansborg.......
Christiansburg
Christiansoe..........
Christiansund .......
Christchurch.........
(Lyttleton.)

Cincinnati ............
Cinnaminson.........
Claremont.............
Clarinda.......
Clarkeville...
Clarkeville......
Clermont. Pemand
Clermont. Oise..
‘HITLER taessossecneee
Clifton\ecs-1>-.
Clifton ....
Clifton...

Clinton ..

Clinton ..

Clinton...

Clinton ..

Clinton .....

Clinton

Kin S aS Wennacetieasinccisies

Colorado
Michigan....
Illinois.......
Bermuda....
Lo Weliemen-t
France.
lowa.. Ns
Pennsylvania.
Wisconsin .
Japan ..

New Grenada.
France.
Pennsylvania.
New York..
Chili..
Tlinois..

North Garoling ee

Texas .

Ree

South Clarattre,
South Carolina

New Hampshire.....
Virginia ...............

Vermont....
Virginia .....
Minnesota..
New York..
Florida .....
Tennessee ....
Switzerland...
Switzerland...
China..

WISER NESEUE => i

England ..
France.........
New York.....
Maryland.....
Ohio....
Illinois......
California ..
Kentucky......
Ohio.........
Mexico...
England ..
Norway.

Gold Coast, ie

Virginia ...
Denmark..
Norway .. 2
New Zealand.

Switzerland
Hindoostan.....
Switzerland ....

QIN sco nko o2F eos eco0a30R0
New Jersey..........+
New Hampshire.....
WOW ialectsteeeslonslensteaciere

Georgia.......
Tennessee....
France........
France.

Ohio.. 5
Canada West...

Michigan.....
Illinois .
TOW facn-cnonse

Kentucky oo.ss.ecssess

Massachusetts.
Michigan .....
New York....

2 May, 1874.

Latitude.

38° 40!
. |105 10

Longitude | Height
from above
Greenwich.|the sea.

Serial No. in
zone.

Reference to

authority in §

Appendix.

95°16’ W.

gnbagqqqgehn PREaehaaagedqaadge" eh adqesqaaaaradaadar ara:

4445584385

72

and 151

and 138

6 and 97

4 and 18
2 and 148

and 124

and 145

and 227

and 178
3 and 178

and 118
and 110
and 227
and 131

06 and 107

79 and 66

259 and 273
83, 83(a) & 86
260 and 273
108 and 109
248
280 and 281
72
128
103 and 104
120
123 and 126
128 and 129
130
98 and 118
57
109
90 and 91
97
296
123
186 and 187

_
BERS oe ee ee

Soe
i)

BRE ee ee RP one he

72
21 and 135
17

5

OH He EE WOH
2
i=}
a
)

15
27 and 21
19 and 21
74

1
68

19
14 and 137

1
1
1
1
1
6
6
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

10 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
Longitude | Height} No. c : Reference to §
Name of station. State or country. Latitude. Greenwich, the sea. peu Semel ND in ae

Clinton... ----- TOKAGsccsexs vee cactsee peed LO cpm ON ING) | aie 13 27 1
Clockville .. New York.... 42 54 N.| 75 45 W.| . 10 aus a
Closters ......+- Switzerland.. 46 52 N.| 9 50 E. a 9 | 262 and 273 12

| Clanie Manse.. Scotland...... 56 25 N.| 3 36 W.| ... 7 | 41 30
Clyde.........++. New York. 43 10 N.| 77 10 W.) 400 10 160 1
Coalville... Utalive..cmccs 40 40 N.}111 OW.) ... 10 48 i
Cochabamba .. Bolivia...... 17 27 S. | 65 46 W.| ... 22 15 14
Cochranville .... Pennsylvaniz Pee SMe Yl LO VG) ee The eat 9
Cockermouth.. England .............. | 54 39 N.| 3 22 W.| 148 8 56 and 66 13
Coffeeville ..... Mississippi 33 56 N.| 89 45 W.| ... 12 96 1
Goldwater... Michigan ........ 41 55 N.| 84 58 W.) .... 10 | 123 1
Colebrook ...... Connecticut . AZ Om Neaitiics a Ou a |leireae 1O! | 267 1
College Hill... QOhiOwececian cre 39 19 N. | 84 15 W.; 800 11 109 1
Collingwood... Ohio... 41 49 N.[ 83 34 W.| ... 10 | 125 1
Colombo ....... Ceylon...... (ING WE) GY oe 250 17 | 38 and 41 14 and 34
Colonia Tovar. Venezuela.... 10 26 N. | 67 20 W.) 6500 16 9 and 12 1
Columbia ............. | Connecticut . 41 42 N.| 72 19 W.) ... 10 | 266 and 267 1
Columbia ............. | Indiana.. pereiee AU IN eth BLOM Yall sce 10 |114 1
Columbia . Mississippic-...----<.- | GQLusdom Nal | OOOO aliens 12 | 102 1
Columbia.. ... | South Carolina . eeniske 33 59 N. | 80 48 W.| 295 12 | 140 and 141 il
Columbia College New York.. 40 43 N.| 74 5 W.| 100 10 =| 243 1
Columbus... c Mississippi... 33 30 N. | 88 29 W.| 227 | 12 95 and 96 1
Columbus .. Ohiojeeetecvecd<csscie=3 BI bile Neil So oes dens 11 | 109 land 9
Chitin... Toxasie-cecsse= 29 43 N. | 96 36-W.| 198 13 27 1

| Como........- Mississippi 34 45 N. | 90 (2?) W.|. ... 12 94 1
Como.....- Mexico.. seoreaces ? ? oon 13 8

Concord.... New Hampshire Scns 43 12 N.| 71 29 W.| 400] 10 | 280 and 281 1
Connesitt: senssesses<))|hOH1Ons 40 42 0 N.| 80 34 W.| ... 10 | 129 1 and 9
Connellsville ......... Pennsylvania. AQ OENG crore Ome i pies 10 127 1
Constantia ....... New York... OEY alee IN| 7) BY AWCIL Bea LG a 37 1
Constantinople Turkey .... 41 1N.| 28 58 E. ce 10 | 379 5 and 6
Constableville....... | New York. ASE On Nes Omsk elias 10 | 187 1
Cooper... -s..s+ +08 Michigan.. 42 40 N.| 85 31 W.| ... 10 | 115 and 116 1
Cooperstown... New York. 42 50 N.| 74 54 W.| 1200 10 =| 187 1
Copenhagen.... Denmark.. 55 41 N.| 12 40 E. 12 7 62 and 63 24 and 17
Copper Falls Mines Michigan.. 47 25 N.| 88 16 W.| 1230 9 56 and 57 1
Cordova.. Mexico.......- 18 40 N. | 96 50 W.| 2820 15 8 1
Corfu.. ... | Ionian Isles . 39 37 N.| 19 55 E. 74 11 | 206 14
(Cie eae TIreland........ 51 24 N. 8 23 W. 25 8 47 and 48 -| 14 and 26
Cormishierssc-secsessece MMLAINGL<-lecetcese scanners 43 40 N. | 70 44 W.| 784 10 | 308 and 309 al
Cornishville.. .-- | Maine.... 43 40 N.| 70 44 W.| ... 10° | 308 and 309 1
Corpus Christi....... | Texas ...... 27 47 N.| 97 27.W.) -.. 13 23 2
Corrimony ..........-. | Scotland... 57 20 N. 4 30 W.| 550 vf 39 a
Corunna ..... Spain....... 43 22 N.| 8 25 W.| 115 10 | 234 and 235 29
Corvallis.. Oregon........ 44 30 N. /123 0 W.) ... 10 28 a
Cossier.... Egypt ...... 26 8 N.| 34 15 E. 113} 74 35 and 87
Cottbus... Prussia .. DONS TmNen | MCimO mE. 8 | 171 and 173 21
Coshocton... Ohio.. -.- | 40 18 N.| 81 53 W. 10 | 129 1

Costa Rica .... antral inaanilons cassie CrORCOS 17 13 1
Coudersport ... Pennsylvania .. 41 45 N.| 78 9 W. 10 | 162 2
Council Bluffs... Nebraska..... 41 45 N.| 96 0 W. 10 66 and 68 2
Council City .... Kansas..... 38 42 N.| 95 50 W. 11 71 1
Council Grove.. Kansas .. 38 42 N.| 96 32 W. 11 69 1
Courcon.......... France... 46 15 N. 1 OW. 9 | 110 11 and 6
Courtown ... . | Ireland... 52 39 N. Gig omni ees 8 43 and 44 25
Covington ... | Georgia .... 33 34 N.| 84 0 W.| 763] 12 | 128 1
Covert........ New York.... ... | 42 40 N.| 76 50 W.| 1000 | 10 | 187 1

Crack Whip Virginia ...... -e- | 39 30 N.| 78 31 W.| 1750 11 125 and 126 1
Cracow........- Poland .... 50 4 N./| 19 30 E. 708 Sy ele 21 and 22
Craftsbury....... Vermont... 44 40 N. | 72 29 W.! 1100 10 | 251 and 252 1
Crawfordsville ...... KANSAS ecleesac: So oe Ned 9b) 2m Wale see 11 76 a
Crescent City......... California... 41 45 N. 124 11 W. 12 10 16 1
Crichton’s Store..... Virginia ... 36 40 N. | 77 50 W.) 500 11 | 142 and 143 1
Cronberg .............. | Sweden.. 566 0 N. | 13°23 E. aa 7 67 28
Cronstadt... [burg.) | Russia...... 59 59 N. | 29 46 E. Se 7 89 16 and 20

f Cross Creek (Wells- | Virginia 40 19 N.| 80 31 W.| ... 10 | 144 1

A Cross Roads.......... exas 80: BONS) 97 26ums 672 12 62 1

4 Croton.......... Ohiowe--- ee 40 13 N. | 82 38 W.) ... 10 =| 125 1

Cuba . New York er eth MEN Cee ENN 10 | 158 and 160 3

: Cublize . | France..... 45 59 N.| 4 18 E. ae 9 | 139 and 148 11
Cuidad- Real.. « (SPAM. 88 59 N.| 4 O W.| 2247 11 191 29
Cuilcagh... .-. | Ireland... -. |54 12 N.| 7 48 Wi) ... 8 33 2
Culloden......c.-s- Georgia ...........-..| 32 51 N.| 84 13 W. 12 131 and 132 1

4)

SERIES A. ALPVABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS. 11

Longitude | Height Reference to
Name of station. State or country. Latitude. from above Serial No. in authority in
Greenwich. |the sea. } zone. Appendix.

Culloden............... | Scotland............... | 57° 31/ N. | 4°13’ W.| 104 28 7 aud 17
Cuthbert .... +. | Georgia... .. | 31 47 54 W.| ... 132 1
Cuxhaven.... +. | Hanover... soasd || Hs) a Bye! 45 HK. on 166 and 173 638
paauees Falls. ... | Ohio........ vee | 42 ol} cae 129 1
Czaslau.. sssesee. | Bohemia. seanass |) GE) GB} 24 E. 008 333 and 334
Dakhel . ... | Egypt... see | 25 41 b 090 é
Dakota.. 050 42 40
Dakota City... ... | Nebraska... seco || 221, 3X0)
Dalhousie .... pod || dbeVsbENGoo5 O50 -.-- | 32 30
Dalkeith..... .- | Scotland. -. | 55 54
Dallas........ ... | Texas .... .... | 32 40
Dallasburg.. coo |) OHO ccsscgeccccasccdcs || BE) alk)
Dalton..... «.. | Georgia.......---.... | 34 50
Damascus... coo |] ISAVAHIES S008 506 a6 ees oon 20
Dansville... .. | New York. «| 42 34
Dantzic ...... ... | Prussia coos 54 22
Danville.. .«.. | Kentucky.... 9000 40

4 Danville ... | Minnesota......
Danville .. ... ) Pennsylvania
Darby ..... ..: | Pennsylvania
Dartford ..- | Wisconsin ............
Dartmouth... Massachusetts .......
Dartmouth College! New ea mae
Daugaard .. . | Denmark..............
Davenport .. lowa.. 3000

) Davidson : College... North Carolina
Davos .....+..: ... | Switzerland..
Dayton... ¢ Ohio.. oo nec
Deaf & Dumb Inst. New York City... Mess
Dealy Island.. Arctie Ocean ..
Dearbornsville Ars’ Michigan
Dearston House Scotland...
Debreczin............. | Hungary...
Decatur........ ... | Nebraska..
Decima . 5
Deer Creek... sees. | Wyoming.
Deer Lodge City.. Montana...
De Helder Gee Hel-| Holland....
Dehra Doon.. bdr India....
De Kalb.. 00 Illinois.......
Delafield... ... | Wisconsin ...
Delavan ......... Wisconsin...
Delaware Breakwat? r| Delaware

# Delaware City...

H Delgada ...............

186(e)&186(h)
49

68
109

64
1
47
3 and 107 i and 9

5 and 196 and 8

6 and 277
J) (b)

263 and 273 12

and 243 1 and 3
5 114
and 123 2
7
14
il
i4
1
1 i
155 and 160 16, 21, 39, 414
188,188 (a)&| 23 [& 43}
107 = 188() H
100
100
147 and 148
147
175 (a)
201 and 227
115 and 118
121
51
209
184(b)&184(c)|142
395 20 and 65
85 and 94 13
65 1
191 21
119, 122, &123] 1,3, and5
121 and 123 2
122 and 126 68
331 and 334 22
311
149, 150, & 161
22.

33

| ... | New York.
Delphen............... | England...

j Denainvilliers....... | france
Denver City.......... | Colorado...

} Depauville... New York.
Dera Ismail Khan. India.......

1 Diet: -.... | Russia...

... | England...

} De Soto... --- | Nevada....

| Dessau.. ... | Germany
Detroit.. -. | Michigan ....
Detroit Barracks... Michigan ....
Devonport ............ | England ...
Deutschbrod .. copoccads i
Dexter..
Dijon..........
District of Elnia.. opees

Divis. cos cnodneioca |) UGETTCScoaceocHocce at0
Divio?. a on

j Dixon...... ooo) |) UUNTAGT Sas co0 ccieco 6009
Dixon Springs - e------ | Tennessee...
Dizy ........ ... | Switzerland.

| Djebel Barkal.. Nubia........
Dniestrovski Znak. | Russia.. ce'995008
Doaksville ............ | Indian Territory .
Dodabetta..... ... | India .. 6
Dole......... cot France. 2c
ID) oat eecteesesseariesel-- et |MOCObL AMG weet eeteceisieste=s

bo

aS

EP BRpOoms5
apr anadahagrrgaeaa:

102

104

169 and 178
30

352 and 355

154 and 160
43

b > b B c co
Beata AAAABAAA AAA AAA AAA AAA i A AZ

sha grichas

1 Hanover. 2 Same as Dijon, which see.

1 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Reference to

] ‘
Longitude | Height nce t
authority in §

from Serial No, in

Name of station.

Dons: Ana, .-. 16 -a5s00
Dineen = acne
Dongola...

Dongola...

Dockyard.

Dorpat..

Donai Light Hankel
Douglas Castle..
Douners Station.....
LS Gy eetorcho-anceeetona
Dover ..

Dover ..

Dovre ......-+-
Downieville ..
Dresden ..

Drishaig ....

Drum Barracks.
abreaCveps =F
Drontheim ..
Dubois.. ae
Dublin Obse rvatory yal
Dublin, Phoenix Park
Dublin-...eh os

} Dubuque.

H Duerne......

¥ Duklum..
Dum-dum...
Dumfries....

} Dunbarton .
Dundee.....
Dundee...

Dunedin

Dunmor .......
Dunquerque..
Dunrobin.. ..-«

Du Puy...... +

h Dusseldorf ............
DX DUTY ices ecereses
Dyberry .......

Eagle River..

§ Eallabus.......

East Bethel... ae
East Bourne..........
East Cleveland

East Douglass .......
Rast Fairfield........

} East Hampton.......
East Linton......
Easton ..
Faston .. noc
East Pascagoula eae
Eastport...
East Smithfield.
East Troy ..

f East Wilton...
East Yell
Batons ccvccstses eres
Eaux Bonnes.
Ebensburg ....
Hocles:..:.0-

Edgartown ..
Edgefield...
Edgerton....
Edgerton....
Edgington...
eae
Edinburg ..
Edinburg...
Edinburg,Calton Hill
Edinburg Castle..
Edinburg Norm’! Se.

State or country.

| Latitude.

| above
Greenwich. \the sea.

| New Mexico..........

Ireland........
Illinois ....

| Nubia...
Doulevant- Je- Chat’t u
| Bermuda..

France.....

Russia..

Saghalin “Harbor cure

Scotland..
Kansas..

New Hampshire

New Jersey
Tennessee ...
Norway «... ++
California.
Saxony ....
Scotland
California ...

| Scotland

Norway...
Illinois...
Treland..
Treland,

Iowa..

France: Racaeiees
Hindoostan....
Hindoostan..

| Scotland.. ns
New Hampshire...

Missouri..
Scotland
New Zealand..

RNOUAMGM Ss nestiencn-ee

France.....
Scotland...

| France

Prussia.

Massachusetts éctnay:
Pennsylvania........

Michigan.......
Scotland...
Vermont...
England...
Ohio.. 20
Massachusetts
Ohio..

New Vouk:
Scotland .
Missouri.....
Pennsylvania.
Mississippi...
Maine .. renee
Pennsylvania.
Wisconsin ..
Maine..

Ohio..
France...
Pennsylvania.
England...

New Work es

Massachusetts .......

South Carolina
(Ohio sees
Wisconsin
Illinois ....
Missouri.
Obie...
Scotland...
Scotland...
Scotland...

Scotland) o:-..5escsus a

New Hampshire...

Shetland ea

32° 22/ N.

vanunaaaanneeneee ae»

CE ee ee ee ee

106° 46/ W.
33
21

7
55
51
44
10
52
52
54
85
46

7
25
44
30
18
48

PEE talar-tar-tkeketctclidakakekeectststaectetebaectaesie hectare ae

' 444444444444444244244444424"2

Pe
WDOWSCOCMODIWNH

zone.

39
32 and 33
91
oe penieeeion
151 and 152

61 and 64
279 and 281
248

38 and 39

38 and 39
281

88 and 89

129 and 138

65 and 66
42 and 44
135 and 138

39
127 and 138
161 and 173
300
190
56 and 57
31
256
132 and 133
129
300
129
271 and 273
49
80
194,195 &196
106
312 and 314

359 and 362
163 and 167
69 and 80
159 and 160

128 and 129
49

44 and 49
49
49

Appendix.

and 25

7
14 and 137

25

6
7
6
4

1
1
1
7
1
3
1
1
1
3
7
1
1
2
2
1
9
1
7
1
6
8
3
1
9
il
1
1
1
pt
1
8
8
7
7

2

H

ry

lor mor)

@)

5

?

oa)
&
C-)

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS. 13

Name of station.

f Edisto Island.........

} a area sosassocs
Eh-yoh-hee..
Einsiedeln
Ekaterinoslav. See

Catherinoslav.

H Elder’s Ridge........
El Garah...............
Elgin....
Elgin.........
Elizabethton...
Elkhorn ........
Elkrun! ...

f Elkton..

Elliott Academy ..
Ellisburg (see Bel-

Elnore ....

f El Paso....

El Qasr....
Elwood.....

El Zabon
Embarass ..
Emden.............0.-.
Emerald Gare -
Emerson..
Emmetsburg . ccncegoc
Engelberg.............
pene cs
Epping...

Erfurth ..

Eriswyl
Erzeroom ....
Eskélund.....

Evanston.....
Evansville...
Evergreen....
Exeter.........
Exeter...
Exeter...
Eyafiord ... 6
Eyemouth ............
Factory Mills..
Fahlun..
Faido.....-...
Fairfield...
Fairfield
Fair View....
Falconer......
Fall River.............
Fallsington...........
Falmouth....
Falmouth..
Farafeh . 20
Farmer’s College’...
Farmingdale
f Farmington...........
Farmington....
Farm Ridge ...
Faulhorn.....

Fayette Village ..
Fayetteville ..
Fayetteville..........
Fayoum........
Fecamp ......
Feddinch ..
Fejee Islands.

State or country.

South Carolina
Illinois..

Indian Territory pan0

Switzerland ..

Russi ee oka

Pennsylvania .

Egypt ....--.0-200 eee

Tllinois......
Scotland
Tennessee ....
Nebraska......
Ohio..........
Maryland....
Mississippi..
New York...
Illinois...
Illinois..
Mexico..

Egypt ......
New Jersey.
Egypt...
Wisconsin ..
Germany ..

Wisconsin vcs...
Missouri..........0.00
Maryland .............
Switzerland...........
Pennsylvania........
England ...............

Saxony ....
Alabama .......

Pennsylvania........
Switzerland ..........
Armeunia...............

Denmark ...
Alabama..
Illinois...
Indiana ..

South Garin, -

England ...
Maine.

New on ay

Iceland ..
Scotland ..
Georgia....

Sweden...0..c-.s060--s

Switzerland...
TOWa ....--+---0«
New York...
Florida .

New York.. “3
Massachusetts ..
Pennsylvyania..

Massachusetts... besos
Walia coo conceonesceo

New one
Missouri...

New Hampshire. 200

Illinois.. :
Satverlendl os0

AZORES ees ticetisecieastie

Mississippi..

lig Eingecansececeaonce 50

Tennessee...

Scotland..

Pacific Ouse. eeetciess

Latitude. | from

Longitude

| Greenwich.

32° 34! N.

bo
bo w

ANAND ODW

“AAAAAAAZA BAZ
a44454"4

Baar)
Bees

43540

les]
ie)

444" §a4ed4aaqaarerggerasa4arara:

xz

BASCranpHNwarae i > i.

1T7E. to

15,-1948.
dp 178 W.

' Same as East Fairfield, which see.

amass

Height
above
the sea.

23
592

Serial No. in

144
93
67

224

zone,

and 145

and 237

and 102

6 and 187

7
153,

72
97
164
100
87
131

154, & 155

and 173

214 and 237

196

116 and 118

183
115
138

207 and 237

213
58

112,

107
98
138

(a)

113, & 115

124 and 126

311

280 and 281

14
49

127 and 128

32

226 and 237

90
211

42,
159
300
196
303
126

72
109
273

89
281
107

| 234

and 91
and 227

and 160

and 237
and 174

and 256

and 109

2 Same as College Hill.

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

~I

PS I ll

“I

aI

-~I

ivy)

~I

bo
PIRATED PEE WHOM ONRP EHH OnE HaqHOL

bo

i)

~T Te lon

ont

a)
ONTIRONP ERP ON HERE HE OPH HEE HE EP W HEN ORN OR HEE EPH EY

on

14

Name of station.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

State or country.

Latitude.

Longitude

from
Greenw

Height
above
ich.|the sea.

Felix Harbor.........
Fellin......<...«

{ Fernandina...
Ferrisburgh ....
Fetteveairon .
Fishkill...

Fishkill Landing...
Fish River..
Fitchburg...
Flatbush....
Flering .....
Flint.......
Florence...
Florence...
Florida...
Flushing .

Fond-du-Lac
Fontanelle ..
Fontanelle..
Foordan .....
Fordham ....
Forest City..
Forestville ..
Forestville...
Fork Union...........
Fort Abercrombie...
Fort Adams..........
Fort a-la-Corne......
Fort Anderson..
Fort Ann.. =
Fort Aralskoe. “(see
Aralskoe.)
Fort Arbuckle.......
Fort Atkinson .......

Fort Bayard ...
Fort Belknap

Fort Bellingham....
Fort Benton..........
Fort Berthold........
Fort Bliss.............
Fort Boise....

Fort Brady...

Fort Bragg...

Fort Bridger...
Fort Brooke .

Fort Brown

Fort Buchanan
Fort Buford.....
Fort Capron! .........
Fort Cascades........
Fort Chadbourne ...
Fort C. F. Smith....
Fort Chehalis........
Fort Chippewayan..
Fort Churchill.......
Fort Clarke.....
Fort Colville ...
Fort Conrad....
Fort Columbus

Fort Confidence
Fort Constitution ...
Fort Craig.............
Fort Crawford .......
Fort Crittenden?2.....
Fort Croghan....
Fort Croghan.

Fort Crook eae
Fort Dakota..........

Boothia Felix.........

FEGQSS isch cssisane
Florida
Vermont...
Scotland...

New York.

New York.
Alabama..........

Massachusetts .......
Now: Or srnceeteneae

peney vee cobs
Michigan...
Alabama..

North Carolina.
Massachusetts .......

California....
Wisconsin ...
Towa........
Nebraska
Mantchooria.
New York....
Minnesota...
LOW) accsctsos
Michigan...
Virginia....

Rhode Island...
Hudson’s
Hudson’s

Indian ae a

Towa..
Kansas...
Wisconsin. rape
Florida.........
New Mexico..
New Mexico..
Wexass..-escese

Washington..........

Idaho....
Dakota..
Texas....
Idaho:..:. >.< 0
Michigan ...
California...
Witalhyere-be-rce
Florida..

Arizona....
Dakota
Florida.. 5
Washington. oo
Texas ..
Montana...
Washington..

Hudson’s s ae “Terr

Nevada..

Texas .. ‘
Washington... S50
New Mexico..
New York .

Great Bear Lake. i

New Hampshire

New Mexico..........

Wisconsin ...
Witahiv.-sssece.
Iowa ....

California.

Dakotas.esc-se Bis dl

! Same as Fort Pierce.

Bay Terr..
Bay Terr..
Newevorksces.cn-vox
Turkestan.............

ry b 7
AAAAAAAAAAZARAAAAaeeaase:

AAAAAAM AAA Awaz

91° 53/
25
81
73
2
73
73

sae

ag SAS SASAESE EA PEEEEEEET

Ww.

4444453

Serial No. in

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

242 and 243
242 and 243
106
296
268 and 273
166 and 167
122 and 123
107 and 109
124
259 and 260
273
19
51
72
68
400
243
47
89
118
120
40
283 and 289
14
4
227
369 and 373

iB

87} and 89
58 and 60
98 and 100

118 and 121

49 and 50
29 and 32
57
15 and 16
36
39
44 and 46
44

63 and 65
10 and 12
49 and 50
47, 48 & 50
24

21, 24 & 28

38

51

29 and 31

50

37

18

13

31 and 26
9

23
34 and 37
231 and 243
6

| 278 and 281

33 and 37
92 and 93
48
72
58
18
62

2 Old Camp Floyd.

CRM H WHE Hee ap HY

for)

aI
[ell ell aol ell el el rt

Corr r hh

bo

P mn
NNNNNNNNWNNNNNGNNNNNNNNNNNDNNNNNNNNNNNNNL

s

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS. 15

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

Longitude | Height
Latitude. from above |
Greenwich. the sea.)

Serial No. in
zone.

Name of station. State or country.

Fort Dallas...........

Fort Dalles...

Fort Davis.. Reise
¥ Fort Dearborne.
Fort Defiance
Fort de-Jerux........
Fort Delaware.......
Fort Des Moines ....
} Fort Deynaud........
Fort Dodge............
Fort Dodge pore
Fort Duncan .........
f Fort Edward ..

} Fort Ellis.. 20
Fort Ellsworth, or
[Harker
Fort Enterprise ......
Fort Ewell ............
Fort Fauntleroy
Fort Fairfield.........
Fort Fanning
Fort Fetterman
f Fort Fillmore
Fort Franklin .......
f Fort Garland.........
Fort Gates ............
Fort Gibson.
Fort Grahame ms
Fort Grant, or Breck
Bice
Fort Gratiot..........
Fort Hamer ..........
Fort Hamilton.......
Fort Hays ............
Forth Mountain.....
Fort Hope ...........
Fort Hoskins.........
Fort Howard .........
Fort Humboldt
Fort Independence .
Fort Inge .............
Fort Jackson .........
Fort Jefferson........
Fort Jesup ............
Fort Johnston........
Fort Jones ............
Fort Kearney..
Fort Kent
Fort King..
Fort Klamath ..
Fort Kodiak..
Fort TEROPEUE -
Fort Lane.............
Fort Lapwai .........
Fort Laramie..
Fort Larned... a
Fort Teayeuworth..
Fort Lincoln..
Fort Lincoln. nopeeoted
Fort Lowell...........
Fort Lyon.............
Fort Macon...........
Fort McHenry........
Fort Mackinac.......
Fort McIntosh .......
} Fort McKavett.......

Fort McPherson.....
Fort McPherson
Fort McRae...........
Fort Madison.........
Fort Marcy’...

Fort Marion. Ba
Fort Martin Scott ..

Florida
Oregon...

Illinois ....
Arizona....
ran Ges eslancies
Delaware .
Towa ....
Florida .
Iowa ....
Kansas..

New York.
Montana...

iKamsaseeeeseeacesiecees

British America

MexaSeeerersastecscesees

New Mexico...
Maine ...........
Florida.....
Wyoming......
New Mexico),

Great Bear Lake ues

Colorado..
Texas..

Indian Memitory: 9000
IN SVACTE®P, 251900000 Geci050

Michigan..............

New York....
Kansas.......
Ireland....... not
British Renericd
Oregon ..

Wisconsin .. BA

California.............
Massachusetts.......

Texas ......
Louisiana.
Florida..
Lacie,
North Car olin
California...
Nebraska .
Maine...
Florida ....
Oregon.

Ngan Jslands...

Texas .

Oregon.. oc
Idaho....
Wyoming.
Kansas.....
Kansas.....
California...
TOKAS .:-ce0 ceseve
New Mexico...
Colorado
North Carolina

Maryland .............

Michigan....
Texas....
WNEBRENE) Gadcoo 5
Hudson’s
Nebraska..
New Menicon
rch edsmite
New Mexico...
loxridace- es -pel--

GRESeS goaneo dooce Leadon

Bay 1 Terr IT..

25° 55/ 80° 26/ W,

E.

.

.

WaeMadEndndndadneneveduavanuneanadaaddn wadudnananada manana we ZZ 222

! See Santa Fe.

W.
W.
W.
W.

W.

W.
W.

W.

44° 4444444454444244444544444444444444444444 44444445543:

350
4700

6500
10

55 and 57
30 and 31
47

105 and 107
36

147 and 148

146 and 147
81 and 82
53 and 54
78 and 80
59 and 60
16

226 and 227
37
64

10

17 and 19

40

79 and 81

42,

55

38 and 39
5

52 and 54
63 and 65
65 and 67
64 and 65

22, 24, 26 & 28:

50
269 and 273
62 and 64
44
7
26 and 28
94 and 97
11 and 16
293 and 296
11 and 12
32 and 33
13 and 14
83 and 84
147 and 149
15 and 16
63 and 64
77 and §1
33, 35, 36 & 42
29 and 31

54 and 55
63 and 64
70 and 71
12 and 16
10 and 12
43
56 and 57
148 and 149
129,130 & 131
62 and 65
21
52
3
3
25 and 37
90 and 91

39, 40 & 42
56

foe}

co
DNNRFNNDRFNYDPNWNNNNNNNYPN-NNNNYNNNNYPNNNNNNNNYNNHrFANNND) NDNNNNONNNNhNMho

Pp

DNWRrFNNRYPNNNHENNHh Pb

16

Name of station.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

State or country.

Fort Mason..

Fort Massachuse tts.
Fort Meade..

Fort Merrill’.

Fort Meyers ..

Fort Mifflin....

Fort Miller....

Fort Mills...

Fort Mojave.. 3
Fort Monroe! .........
Fort Morgan .........
Fort Morgan .........
Fort Moultrie...
Fort Niagara...

Fort Norman .. é
Fort Number One...
Fort Ontario. .

Fort Orford .<...... Bch
Fort Ouralsk .........
Fort Perowski..

Fort Philip Kearney
Fort Pierce.. ci
Fort Pierre..

Fort Pike...

Fort Polk...

Fort Point ..

Fort Porter.... ee
Fort Preble ......
Fort Prince of Wales
Fort Quitman .......
Mort RBG -sdassmansceeer
Fort Randall .

) Fort Ransom .........
Fort Reading.........
Fort Reliance.........
Fort Reynolds ....
Fort Rice ........
Fort Ridgely
Fort Richardson
Rorte Riley. c.-2- cere
Fort Ripley...

Fort Ruby ....
Fort Sanders ..
Fort Scott... eet

f Fort Sedgewick
Fort Severn . 2
Fort Shannon........
Fort Shaw .....

Fort Simcoe...

Fort Simpson.

Fort Smith

Fort Snelling... .

Fort Socorro ....

Fort Stamford ‘Stock-
[ton

Fort Stanton .........

Fort Steilacoom

Fort Stevens..........

Fort Stevenson

} Fort Sullivan.
Fort Sully .......

} Fort Sumner ..

Fort Taylor..

i Fort Tejon ..
Fort Ter- War LW.
Fort Terrett..

f Fort Thorn
Fort Tongass ..

Fort Totten..

Fort Townshend ..
Fort Towson..

Fort Trumbull... ce
Fort Umpqua.........

WIGTET) ab etnesnces hae

Colorado...
Florida ....
Texas ...
Florida.. ae
Ponnsylvania.
California..
South Carolina’

ATIZONAwessieasiessisuciees

Virginia ...
Alabama..

Colorado...... Rope at

South Carolina..
New York..
Hudson’s
Central Asia..
New Vorkeee
Oregon........
Central Asia ..
Central Asia...
Wyoming....
Florida........
Nebraska
Louisiana....

California....
New York..
Maine.. ee
British perio:
MexaSteeteetee=
British America.

California..

Great Slave Wake. fh

Colorado..
Dakotaes.--i--

Minnesota ...........+

Kansas...

Minnesota.............

Nevada.......
Wyoming...
Kansas.....
Colorado ...
Maryland ....
Florida.....
Montana

Washington ..........
British America......
ATK ANBAR: sccsmons neice
Minnesota.... s+... eee

New Mexico.

California a 2

New Mexico..........

Washington...
Oregon..... «+
Dakota...
Maine ....
Dakota........
New Mexico...
Florida........
California....
California ....
WOX€S cccscoos

New Mexico.... ' =

Alaska

Dakota..
Washineton..
Indian Territory .
Connectient .
Oregon........

Bay ta

Latitude.

30° 48/ N.
32 N.

1

17

5 38
57

AAAaAaradzz

ZAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAZAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAAAARABAAAAAAAARAA ww

' Same as Old Point Comfort.

Longitude
from

Greenwich.

99° 15’ Ww.
105 23 W.
AWE

Ww.

Wis

2 W.

W.

Wife

W.

Height
above
the sea.

| 1200

Serial No. in
zone.

55

53 and 54
49 and 50
18 and 19
52 and 54
149 and 151
26 and 27
138

33 and 35
140, 141 & 143
103 and 106
56 and 58
143 and 145
146 and 160
0

172 and 187
22 and 25

368

372 and 373
52
51
59 and 60
90 and 92
24
26

160

306 and 309
15

45 and 46

a

68 and 69
45 and 47
42 and 43
53 and 55
74 and 76
57 and 58
135 and 138
42
34 and 36
3 and 20
8
77 and 78
76 and 77
40 and 42
26

36 and 37
19
24 and 28
39
312 and 314
60
43
9 (a) & 14
7 and 12
13 and 16

76 and 77
264 and 267
23. and 25

2 Eastport.

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

bo

so

ran
(—)
WDNNPWPNPNHPNPRNNNRFNUOINNNNNNPNNWaAOohhy PHebNNNNNFNNPhhh bb

Lt ot Sd Se 2 oo wo od od OS)

NNNNNNNNNPNNNNWNWNWhHh ty

and 113

3 May, 1874.

1 Same as Fort Buford.

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS. 17
Longitude | Height} No. Reference to |
Name of station. State or country. Latitude. from above of Serial No. in authority in §
Greenwich.|thesea.| zone zone. Appendix.
Fort Union!........... | Dakota..............+-- | 48° 1/ N. |104° 0’ W.| 1900 9 38 land 2 i
Fort Union ........... | New Mexico.......-.. | 35 54 N. |104 57 W.| 6670 itil 41 and 42 2 N
Fort Vancouver ..... Washington.......... | 45 40 N. |122 30 W. 50 9 21 land 2 !
Fort Wadsworth.... | Dakota......... 45 43 N. | 97 30 W.)| 1650 9 40 2 +
Fort Walla-Walla.. | Oregon.. 46 3 N. |118 20 W.) ... 9 22 2 i
Fort Washington ... Maryland .. 5 sone || S43) ZL ING | Ol BE Wal), ceo 11 | 136 and 138 2
Fort Washita........ | Indian Territory .... 34 14 N.| 96 38 W.| 645 | 12 74 2
Fort Wayne.......... | Indiana.. scbesos |) Zab 4 Wo |. HD © ANYel]) “oo 10 | 114 1
Fort Wayne.......... | Indian Tersitory «.. 36 24 N.| 94 38 W 1 66 and 67 2
Fort Webster. New Mexico. 32 42 N. |108 O W ccd 12 31 and 32 2
Fort Whipple. .. | Avizona..... 32 30 N. /111 W.| 5700 12 17, 19 & 20 2
Fort Wilkins......... | Michigan........ 47 28 N.| 88 0W.! ... 9 54 and 57 2
Fort Wingate ........ | New Mexico.......... | 35 10 N. |107 45 W. 11 38 and 40 2
Fort Winnebago .... | Wisconsin............ | 43 35 N.| 89 20 W. 10 95 and 97 2
Fort Wise..........-.- | Colorada......... .. | 38 4 N. /102 45 W 11 56 2
Fort Wolcott......... | Rhode Island......... | 41 30 N.| 71 18 W 10 | 282 and 289 2
Fort Wood .... Louisiana....... 30 2 N.| 89 57 W 12 91 and 92 2
Fort Wood.... New York.. 40 40 N.| 744 2W 10 | 243 2
Fort Worth...... Texas ......- 32 41 N.| 97 25 W. 12 66 2
Fort Wrangel........ | Alaska.... 56 81 N. 1382 23 W. 7 12 2
Fort Yamhill......... | Oregon...... 45 5 N. |123 32 W.) ... 9 26 and 28 2
Fort Yuma....... California... 32 43 N. |114 36 W.| 200 12 14 2
Fountain.... California....... noe || 38) N, |105 iWaltee- 11 51 1
Fountain Dale.. Beary an a 39 45 N.| 77 W. iil |) 1127/ 1
Foxchase ............. | Pennsylvauia.. 40 3 N.| 75 10 W. 10 | 196 1
Foxcroft .........- Maine . 45 12 N.| 69 13 W. 9 76 1
Framingham ......... Massachusetts .. .. | 42 18 N.} 71 29 W. 10 | 296 1 and 9
Francestown .... New Hampshire. pacer 43 0 N.| 71 46 W. 10 | 280 and 281 1
Franeker ........ Holland...:........---- | 98 10 N.| 5 22 E. 8 | 156 and 160 68
Frankenheim... Gepeanyc 51 25 N.| 11 5 E. 8 | 188 and 190 40
Franklin ......... Iowa.. 42 45 N.| 92 11 W. 10 88 and 89 1
Franklin .... Ohio.. Seed 39 30 N.| 84 15 W. 11 | 109 1
Franklin .. Pennsylvania .. 41 25 N.| 79 53 W. 10 | 136 and 138 1 and 8
Franklin .. ..-. | Tennessee «..---....-- | 30 42 N.| 86 51 W.) ... 11 | 104 1
Franklin Institute. . | Pennsylvania........ | 39 57 N.| 75 10 W. 60 11 | 150 and 151 8
Franks Island....... | Louisiana....... 29 8 N.| 89 1 Wz.) ... 13 29 9
seme (Gdleescsse ... | Switzerland..... 47 34 N. 8 50 E. 9 | 193 and 196 72
Frederick City....... | Maryland........ 39 24 N.| 77 18 W.| ... 11 | 130 and 131 1
Fredericksburg ...... Virginia ...... 38 19 N.| 77 31 W.| 600 | 11 | 126 1
) Fredonia............... | New York.... 42 26 N.| 79 24 W.| ‘709 10 | 146 and 160 1 and 3
Freedom.... Maine ......... 44 30 N.| 69 19 W.! ... 10 | 311 1
Freedom..... ORIG po 506600 ce0000 41 13 N.| 81 8 W.| 1100 10 =| 129 1
Freehold... New Jersey.. .. | 40 15 N.| 74 21 W.!| ... 10 | 248 1
Mreeporties 7: Pennsylvania........ | 40 30 N.| 79 41 W. 10 | 143,144&157 | 1
Freemantle.. West Australia...... 33 5 S. |115 40 E. 25 68 14 and 16
Fremont... s0ce || OlWG)socemsensboecosecece |] CAL P40) INE || GB eh ANZ) cen 10 | 125 1
Shounen: Canine. Weeees THUGERONEscacn opaccocsoene || ZA WB I |) EG Wall Fei 10 | 106 and 107 il
Fribourg... Switzerland.........|46 48 N.| 7 20 E.] ... 9 | 199 and 237 72 and 21
Wriedericthal.., Greenland............. | 60 1 N.| 44 45 W. 6 14 68
Friendship... Tennessee.... 35 50 N.| 89 25 W. 11 95 1
Friendship............ | New York.... 42 14 N.| 78 10 W. 10 | 160 1
Frontera Tabasco... | Mexico ....... 18 32 N.| 92 40 W. 15 12 1
Fryeburg .. Maine ...... GVA 8} ast) WAL © WYoll cos 10 308 and 309 1
Funchal ......... Madeira ..........-.... | 32 38 N.| 17 6 W-| 95 | 12 | 164,165 and | 27,30& 137
Funfkirchen ... Hungary ............. |46 4 N.| 18 15 E.| ... 9 | 342) [165(a)| 22
Futtehgurh .......... | Hindoostan.. 27 22 N.| 79 35 E. a 13 85, 85(a) & 86 | 23
Futtehpore............ | Hindoostan.. 26 0 N.| 80 50E.] ... 13 87 and 94 30
Fyzabad......... Indiaeeee 26 45 N.| 82 9E.] ... 13 | 90 23
Gabo Island. Australia.. ? ? 40 | 26 86 and 87 18
Gadamis...... Africa ......... 380 10 N. | 10 28 E. se 12 | 172 (@) 58
Gaines......... New York... 43 17 N.; 78 15 W.| 422 10 | 152 and 160 3
Gainesville... Arkansas..... 36 12 N.| 90 35 W.| 500) 11 79 1
Gainesville... Florida....... 29 35 N.| 82 26 W.| 184] 13 | 41 and 42 1 H
Gainesville... Mississippi... 30 30 N.| 89 40 W.| ... 12 | 106 1 E
Galanowsk... Siberiawsacsssensssces 56 ON.| 61 1&5. Bee Wt) at) 16 f
Galashiels ... Scotland... bi} Bi ING 250 W.| 390 7 49 7 H
Galena ....... MMIMOIS ewes esiewciensiars 42 25 N. | 90 33 W.| ... 10 | 104 1 i!
Galesburg ... AVMiTOLSSsterieesteesisssiess 40 55 N.| 90 25 W.! 570| 10 | 102 1 |
Galesville ... Wisconsin .. 44 06 N. | 91 16 W.| ... 10 84, 85 & 86 1
Galiko .. Finland... 60 27 N. | 23 0 E. ore 6 46 and 54
Gallipolis... enboscuac |) MO cressosced 39 0 N.| 82 1 W.| 520) 11 | 114and 115 1
Gallop’s Island ....-. New York... co |) 255) GBs INE 1) YG 2 AWS) eee 10 | 209 9
Galveston ............ | Texas .................. | 29 20 N. | 94 45 W. 13 26, 27 & 33 1, 9 and 73

18 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Longitude | Height A Reference to

Name of station. State or country. Latitude. from above Serial No. in authority in
of Greenwich. |the sea. 7 zone. Appendix.

_

Gambier........ | Ohio... wevssecevaee | 40° 21 Ne | (82°20! We} 1000, | 129
Ganges River ........ | India. .. | 25 +026 N.} 81to85E.) ... 87 and 91
Gardeia .-<.---.2- 000 | Algeria.. Sealine eee Omsk Imees 2 |170
Gardiner.. .... | Kansas.. ; Sib! VOMYVRNE Wass 72
Gardiner..... . | Maine ..... ecanadee -| 69 46 W. 308 and 309
Garlandsville......... Mississippi. weecears, | G2) 20 Nell SOM 20 UWealllnere 98 and 99
Garlick .. | Michigan.. oe | 90 0 W.| ... 57
Garrettsville. ao One 10 W. 129
Garrison’s!... .- | New York... 02 W. 242 and 243
Geelong..... .. | Australia... 22 E. 75 and 77
Gefle....... . | Sweden.... 11 E. net 33 and 35
Geneva .. .. | New York... 2 W. 5 160
Geneva. + | Wisconsin 41 W.| .. 93
Geneva........ ... | Switzerland ... 9 E. y 174,175 &178 |6,11,14, 21,45
Geneva Hall. sent MONO stsseneemieecie= 51 W.| «. 124 and 125 Z
Genoa .- | Italy.. 25 58 E. 371
Georgetown.........+ Connecticut. scabiani09 W. 0 0 | 266 and 267
Georgetown... ... | District of Columbia one 138
Georgetown........... | Guiana.. 21
Georgetown ods Massachusetts... pot 296
Georgetown........... | South Carolina. 140 and 141
Germantown ......... | New York........ 227
Germantown ......... | Ohio.......... 108 and 109
Germantown ......... | Pennsylvania........ 196
Gettysburg.... ... | Pennsylvania........ 127 and 132
Gersau...... .-- | Switzerland .......... 220 and 237
Geryville .. won| PAULSON As (sestesslnen cosinse 168
Ghadamis ....... FAUT Ca teccseniascessiencines

See Gadamis.
Ghent .. sseesiees |) BELGIUM... conjarseseces
Ghijiga........... ... | Siberia
Gibraltar . .- | Spain.......
Giengen... Bavaria ...
Giengen ander Brienz Bavaria ...
Gilbert’s Trad’g Post} Nebraska..
Gilmer.. Texas, .
Gilmore... Sep. MOLE coca 0
Girard peapelee woe | Pennsylvania.

c Scotland..

France .....

ore oo
i=)

BPR ODER HEBER GS

~I
CWH HER ee

s t S [SWHOR
ZAAAAZAARAAAAwAaAAosA yz

ns
ts

139 and 143
69
187 and 190
288 and 297
292 and 297
51
68
129
151
33
133 and 138
59 (d)
227 and 237
242
3353
110 and 111
49
68
115
1038 and 104
242 and 248 and 21
100, 118 3
12 and 15
163 and 165 6
93
51
144 and 145
20
27 and 15
101 and 103
42,

... | Switzerland .
Glasco .-» | New York....
Glasgow... ... | Scotland...
Glasofj-.----6 .. | Russia
Glencairn ... ... | Scotland...
Glendale Nebraska..
Glenville.... .. | Alabama
Glenwood... .. | Tennessee ...
GURSS ccaeecles ... | Switzerland.
Gloucester .. »- | England
Godthaab ... ... | Greenland....
Goersdoff.... ... | France.....
Golconda...... aie
Golden City .. ... | Colorado..
Goldsboro’ .... ... | North Caroling).
Goliad........ eee | PLOXAB see ccces
Gonzales Seeceaetl |LOSS tren
Gorbatov.............. | Russia ..

Gordon.. Florida .......

Gorée, Cape Verde.. West Africa.
Gorki.. ; soul RUSSIA sae sscccustieesiete
Goruckpore... ees) || HONGOOStanie...s.0 0.
Goshen ...... ... | New York....
Gosport... . | England ...
Gosport... .- | Virginia...
Goteborg.. +. | Sweden....
Gotha...... . | Germany....
Gottingen ... ..- | Germany.....
Gouriev...... .. | Russia

Gourneh..... .» | Egypt .. 5000 ; E 289
Gouverneur... .. | New York.. cob N. bi 2 200 and 209
Gowdysville.......... | South Carolina... : olf f lh ob 138

ieejureneaPariecs and 127
222 [97 and 14
95, 95 (a) &
228 and 243
128 and 133

PA hth kk YY tt at ah tat a a et Dd tt

! Same as Beverly.

SERIES A.

Name of station.

State or country.

Latitude.

from

Longitude

Greenwich.

Height
above
the sea.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STA

Serial No. in
zone.

TIONS.

19

Reference to
authority in
Appendix,

# Grachen...............
Graciosa.. eees
j Graetz.. oD
Graff Reinett..
Grafton..
Grafton .. ares
Gratton etencsaeeriese
Grahamstown - pecan
Grampian Hills......
Granada.............-.
Grandlaleeseenercsesices
Grand Coteau........
Grand Haven........
Grand Rapids .......
Grand Traverse.....
Grant City............
Grantham.... Sac6
Granville.....
Granville ...
Granville.....
Granwich....
Gray...
i Great Falls... 200 600 [dra
Great Northern Tun-
q Great Salt Lake City
Great Valley.........
Green Bay ............
Green Castle .........
Greenfield...
Green Grove...
Green Hill.....
Green Lake......
Green Mount....
| Greenoch.........
Greensboro’...
Greensboro’ ..
Greensburg .....
Green aes coonoaee
Greenville ... e
Greenville ....
Greenville ....
Greenville ....
Greenwich ....
Greenwich...
# Greenwood....
Grenada...
Grimsel..
Grindenwald .
| Groningen ..
| Grosnoe .......
Groton..........
Gryazovitz....
) Guatimala .... ad
H GQUEINSCY........ see eee

Guilford Court House
Guilford Mines......
Gulf of Ancud.......
See Ancud.
Gunzenhausen.......
} Gurdaspur............
# Gudaur.....
H Guriev .......--
| Guttenburg
Haarlem.........
Haddonfield ..........
Hagerstown...........
Hakodade ....
H Halifax .....
Halifax.....
Halmstad..
| Hamburg...
Hamilton...

Switzerland ..........
Azores..
Seta
Cape Colony, “Africa
Massachusetts......-
Virginia ..
Vermont
Cape Colony, Africa
Pennsylvania..
MReSecippien.. on
Spain...........
Louisiana...
Michigan....
Michigan....
Michigan ...
lowaeeescnces
England
Illinois.......
New York...
Ohio.........
Missouri ..
France.. coc
New Hampshive. poece
Siberia .. senene
Ure
New York.....
Wisconsin ....
Indiana........
Missouri ....
Arkansas........
Pennsylvania ......
Wisconsin ...........-
Indiana.....

Tanna Jane Gaceee ceBOuD
Alabama......
New York.....
Missouri.......
Tennessee... ...eee ase
NESS aaa saonage osasoca
England ...............
New Jersey..
Dakota........
Mississippi......
Switzerland ....
Switzerland ....
Holland
Russia ........
Connecticut.
Russia .......-
Guatiaalae 0c
Channel islands pane

(Great Britain.)
North Carolina......
North Carolina......
Chili

TSE NNIE)000 con oo coo nod
India .......
Russia...
Russia ...
Towa ....... see
ol lanidieesssscnsceises
New Jersey...........
Maryland .............
Japan....... eae
England .........

Nova Scotia.....

Sweden..........

Germany... aoe
Bermudas ..........+

46° 12/ N.

39
47
32
42
39
43
33
41
33

12

4
10
12
22
12
16

45
11
30

mi

ZAABAAAALAAAAzzAAy

2A AAZAAZAAAZAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

BAGS PA ZA EA ANZAC EA EA EEA EAE

7° 50/
27 58
15 26
24 50
71 43
80 1

70 52

111 26
78 45
88 5
86 46
93 48
92 30
78 30
88 55
84 59.
4 45
87 16
79 48
85 22
87 46

90-102

E.

E.

W.
Ww.
W.

44 248 4Rnee

4h nganaan4e

2517

181

“64
500
1350 |
159
1900

4856
204

7071 |

660 |
8 & 137,

eee

243 and 248
172 and 174
335
43 and 45
300
117
256
44 and 45
167
96
189 and 190
91
118
115 and 116
117
70
87 and 94
104
225 and 227
128 and 129
80
155 and 161
280 and 281
23
47 and 48
160
a7
98 and 99

33
114 and 115
124
101
114 and 115
214 and 227
81 and 89
112
67
112 and 113
153, 154 & 155
62
96
215 and 237
210 and 237
159 and 160

97 and 103
6
96

124
124

291 and 296
185 (f) & 186
391 (a) [(A)
367
89
154 and 160
153 and 156
131
401
73 and 80
318 and 319
66
169 and 173
150 and 152

72
32 (2)
22 and 68
14

So eH
oe
2
i=]
a
Ne}

2
B

=")
Ne}

BER WEEP PW HOR Eee oR

21, 39, 43 &
126 [49

1 and 9

10
21 and 33
34

20

Name of station.

WINDS OF

State or country.

Ma miltons. scesssee <0
Hamilton College....
Hamline Me eek
Hamlinton ..
Hammerfest.
Hampden ..

Hampton ....
Hampshire County.
an Ati esee acer cstteccisss
Hannibal .
Hanover
Haparanda...
Hardinsburg ...
Harmar.. eae
Harper’s Perry.
Harrisburg...
Harrisburg...
Harris..
Harrisonville.
Hartford ..

Hartford

Hartwick ....
Hartwood .............
Harveysburg.........
Hastings... .....-s0+++
Havana....
Havana....
Havana.-....
Haverford ...
Hawarden....
Hawick

Hazle Dell... aoe
Hazlewood............
Heard’s Island
Heathcote .
Heathville.
Heberville ...

Hecla Cove...

|

Helena City..........
Helensburgh
Hellevoetslius
Helsingfors ...........
Helston.......
Hematite..
Hendholm . cae
Henlopen Straits..
Henrietta .. a
Herbipolis? .. ze
Heredia.......
Hermann.....
Hermanstadt
Hermitage ... :
Hermitage ............
Hernando.............
Hernosund...
Hes per
Hewlett’s...
Highland. . Bn
High Wycombe...
Hill of Howth..
Hillsboro’ .......
Hillsborough
Hill Grove
Hilton Head..
Hindholm ....

See Hendholm.
Hinsdale..
Hiram se
Hobart Town.........
HochsObirsccctncer:

| New Work. .:.2:.-0..0.

New York...
Minnesota.....
Pennsylvania
Finmark.......
MainiGiensessenet: 3
Connecticut ..........
West Virginia.......
Germany .....-
Missouri....... 300
New Hampshire
Swed euierssecccesessiee
Kentucky ..

Ohio. <

West ‘Virginia.
Pennsylvania ..
WEI es cceerasagcen
Hebrides ......

MASSOUD MW cectess\e-clessteae

Connecticut ..........

Wermont-sscesc-sc ness

New York
Virginia.......
Indiana.....
Minnesota..
Alabama....
Cobar
New York..
Pennsylvania ..
England
Scotland .
Illinois .....
Minnesota ..
Australia...
Virginia ....
(Witaligaece-se-
Spitzbergen.
New York...

| Arkansas....

TEXAS y.cas: oe
Holland...
Montana...
Scotland..
Holland...
Finland.....

| Missouri
| Denmark....

Spitzbergen.
New York...
Bavaria .....
Costa Rica ..
Missouri.......
Transylvania.
Missouri.......
New York...
Misissippi...
Sweden...
Iowa......
Virginia ..
Illinois...
England ..
Ireland....
a ae
Ohio..

Virginia ..
South Carolina .

ni eae ae
Ohio.. 3

Van Diemen’s ‘Ss Land
Illyria...

' Red Wing.

Latitude. |
| Greenwich

42° 49/ N. |

43 5
44 34
41 40
70 40
42
47
15
8
44
42
54
45
30
19
16

4
3 36
46
44
38
15
55

wna

THE GLOBE.

Height
above |
the sea.

Longitude
from |

75° 34’ W.)
6
30

q b
a a aA aA I A Oh A hh Ah IIA

r) = O&O Sob
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA ABAAAAAAAAAA A Aaa

— i
WSOWME wa w-~10

ied
an

Serial No. in
zone.

180 and 187

187

ee
18
300 and 311

168 and 173
87

276 and 277
25
97

115

126

195 and 196

80 and 81
27
155 and 160
33
31
145 and 151
49, 50,51 & 54
120,121 & 126

34 and 35
89
126
91
107 and 118
39
127 and 128
108 and 109
120
145

260

128 and 129
66

317 and 320

2 Probably the same as Wurtzburg.

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

bo
Nee

boo

Leal ell all eel Pl oe

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST

Name of station.

f Hockingport..........
Hof. . 0
Hofmansgave
Hogland Light House
Hohenpeissenberg ..
Hokitika..............5
Holkam....
Holland..
Holland.........
Hollidaysburg..
Holmia ?..

Holton.....

Holt’s Prairie.
Horner ..

Homestead..
W Honcut .

(Union Ranche)
Honesdale.. aS
Hongkong...
Monolalus
Horeasitas....
Hornersville...

Houghton...
Houlton ......
House of Tongue ..
| Houseville ..
Houston.....

Huesca..
Huntingdon, bo
Huttonsville .
Huntersville .
Huntsville.... 500
Hurds Island.........
ISIN Gcoesgcesunoecoeco
Iberia ...

Ichak..

Ichim . i
Telvrataheim 5
Igloolik..

Ikoginut... ba
Tlanz.......
llion.......
Ilmenau..
Ilmola....

Inchkeith..... 0
Independence........
Independence?.......
f Indiana................
Indianapolis ..
Indian Key....
Indianola ...
Ingolstadt. ..
Interlaken..
Inveresk

Inverury ....

Tonia .........

lowa City...

Iowa Falls...
Ipswich.....
Irkutsk.

Ireland Isle...

Isle of Man.... 690
Isle of Shoals.........

State or country.

Latitude.

Longitude

from
Greenwich.

Bavaria....
Denmark..
Finland..
Tyrol..

New eaten
England ..
Michigan..
Wisconsin .....

Kansas...
Illinois
New York.

Michigan ..

China.

Mexico..
Missouri - 50
Pennsylvania.
Azores.

Nova Scotia 5
Michigan....

Scotland ...
New York.
Texas .......
Michigan..
Illinois........
New York.
Ohio.......-
England.
Spain ....

Virginia ...
Texas..

Ohio...

Ohio...
Russia.
Siberia..
France ..

Alaska.. A
Siriizealenl o. a80
New York......
Saxe Weimar..
Finland .

Scotland ..
Towa .....0+.0-

Indiana.........
Florida..
Texas ...
Bavaria....

Switzerland..
Scotland
Scotland ...
Nebraska...

Sibebiareesesecceest
Bermudas.

New Hampshire

1 Same as Wolfville.

Pennsylvania........
Sweden ................

California.......... %
Pennsylvania........

Spnigiviain ‘Islands...

Pennsylvania........
Virginia ...............

eter) lOcoan® Be

British America.

Aleutian ligievadle, ae

Louisiana.............
Pennsylvania........

Massachusetts .......

Trish Sea........... i

39°

50
55
60
47
42
52
42

43 36

40
63
39
38
42
40

39

ON.

18

b D >
AAAAAAAAZAAAAAAAZAAAAZAAZAAAAAAAAZAAVAAAAAAAZAAAZAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAYAAAA

11
10
26
10
170
2
86
87

81° 30/ W.

55

0
59
34
59
40

0
54
23
23
10
31
11

2 38

0
30

24
14
55
30

0
11
42
25
30
50
25
32
30
54

0
45
24
20
30

1
45

1
29
30
40
51

5
27
40
42
14
20
14
55
29
46

Height
above
the sea.

zone.

OF STATIONS.

Serial No. in

21

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

115
189 and 190
61
53 and 5
312
83
81 and 94
115 and 116

175 and 187
125
118

15

190
42
2

7
89
151

83 and 84
and 81

and 209

and 227
and 129
and 80

and 119
and 72

and 165
8

2 and 273
187
186 and 190
41 and 42
2
42
89
89
144
101
13 and 14
20
298 and 304
209 and 237

py
TORnnmnooano-I-I

and 91

94 and 296

2 Same as Tickfaw.

175(a) &175(b)

and 354

Be Ee ee Bee

ee

a2
Ste)
f=)

<o
Bon
for
co

a

NWR RE EAN REPRE Ror Bo

bo ee 0

We)
PRE GRE HEE OW

16 and 20
16 and 20

27 and 30
il

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Reference to

|
Longitude |Height nce t
authority in

Latitude. from | above | Serial No. in

Name of station.

WRI e eo cckesceana stant

Issny......-+
Isthmus .
Itasca ...-.+.
Ithaca.......
Ittendorf...
Jackson.....
Jackson...
Jackson..
Jacksonburgh..
Jacksonport ..
Tene Gne Ghencue
Jacksonville....
Jacobshaven .
Jacoutsk..
ode Yacoutsk. i)
Jaen..
J phusipe
Jalapa.......
Jamaica
Jamestown... 5
Janesville .........--
Janina..
Jarensk..
eee Yarensk. )
H Jefferson ..
Jefferson .. .
Jefferson Barracks ..
Jefferson Sees
Jena... :
Jenisseisk xe
Jericho......
Jerusalem. .
Jhansie....-
Jidda........
Jockmock....
Johnstown .... oe
Johnstown ... --+ sere
Johnstown ......see 0+
Joliet. ---censss-
Jonkoping .
Julien)....:.....
Junction City
Kaiserstuhl..
Ley Eel ceeeoonoc
Kalaioki ....
Kalamazoo.
Kalmav.....
Kalouga...
Kanawha...
Kandotta..
Hanae

Kara Korum Wat'n ms
Karesuando..
Kartoom ..

Kasalinsk .

(See Fort No. ae )
Kaufman..
Kautokeino..

Kazan e.eccse

Keene ..

Keene .

Ke seper.. A

Kelley’s Island.

Kem. 5
Kenansville.
Keng slre.csnccs
Kendallville..
Kene.. a re
Kennebec. Arsenal Ac
Kenogumissie ........
IK@nOSH Ai ss san sescveiene
Keontland coc. cccess cee

State or country.

| Egypt .......006
. | Wirtemburg..

Maryland.....
Minnesota...
New York...

| Mississippi..

North Garcia

Arkansas..
Florida..
Illinois..
Greenland ..

Spain .....eseesessceeere
India....
Indiana....

New York...

New York...

| Wisconsin ..

47

Turkey........ ap wer

ObOseeceeessecessieestce
Texas...

Missouri..
Missouri........
Saxe Weimar :
Siberia..

New York...
Palestine....

Pennsylvania.
Virginia...
Illinois

Sweden. “5
Switzerland . mee
Kansas..
Switzerland ioc
Finland.........
Finland....
Michigan..
Sweden....
Russia...

Virginia ...
Minnesota...
Nebraska..

Thibet and China.
Finmark .. at
Nubia ..

GEE ect tencceing cence
Finmark..

Russia .. a
New Hampshire.
Ohio.. Pes inamencines
Ireland .

Russia..

North Carolina
England ..
Indiana....
Egypt ..

Maine .. a
Hudson’ 8 s Bay’ Terr.
Wisconsin ............ |

|

Indiana.. i¢
|

Aaa AA

ZZAAAABABaaawzzzr

30° 38’

ttt tlk taht Ht

AAAAAAAAAAAABAAAAAA~aAzAAAzAAAAz

76
93
76

90
77
82
84
91
82

| 90

50

Greenwich.|

32° 13/ E.
| 10

3
15
28
30

?

8
24
30
ef
15

0
19
30

50
34
30
56
29

9

PEM ean bh qhnn gens gee oe esas

-EEEEEEEGEEER GEE

the sea.|

E.
Ww.)
We
W.

W.
W.
W.

WY;
Ww.
W.
WwW
W

.

wasaaFS

zone.

176 (a)

170 and 187
31] and 314
98 and 99
144 and 145

133 and 134
91
13

188 and 190
$1 and 82 (a)
114
270 and 273
160
99 and 100
208

128 and 129
68
83 and 87
80

185 and 190

135 (a)

273

179

31
23
215 and 227
167
143
107
70
265 and 273
69
189 and 196

116 and 117
47
99 and 100

20
107
281
129
44
123
61
146 and 149
59 and 66
113
128 and 129

Appendix.

to

RRR HERE eee

sy) to is) aw
CORO Oo OsTeH

; oo
PHEW aOHSoH

and 122
and 87

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS.

Longitude
Name of station. State or country. Latitude. from
Greeuwich,.
Kenton.. Ohio.. 40°10’ N. | 83°54’ W.
Keokuk.. «c+ || Lowa. e .... | 40 25 N. | 91 21 W.
Kerguelen’ s 2 jiendl, Aner tic lOcean: --. | 49. 50'S. || 70) 10 E.
Kertch (?)... Russia .. 45 16 N.| 36 14 E.
Keswick .. England .. noc 54 40 N.| 3 9 W.
Kettins .... Scotland .... 2 ?
Reytesville .- Missouri.... 39 25 N.| 92 53 W.
Key West.. Florida...... 24 33 N. | 81 48 W.
Key West Barracks Florida... 24 32 N. | 81 48 W.
Khargeh ... Egypt....- 25 28iN.| 30 36 BE.
Richiney sci scscs. Russia...... 47 0 N.:| 28 43 E.
Kiel.. Denmark .. 54 18 N.| 10 8 LE.
Kiev... pondceo00 66 Russia ...... 50 26 N.| 30 30 EH.
Kiexisvara .. Finmark... 67 42 N.} 23 35 E.
Kilangi... Finmark ...... 67 42 N. | 23 47 E.
Kilbourne City . 209050 Wisconsin .... 43 30 N.| 90 0 W.
Kilgou.......... Abyssinia .. 11 34 N.| 34 14 E.
Killough.. cos. Treland.... 54 13 N.| 5 40 W.
Killybegs ... Treland . 54 34 N.| 8 27 W.
Kilrush...... co |} UineleRGloocos cas 52 38 N.| 9 30 W.
Kinderhook........... | New York .. 42 18 N.| 73 40 W.
| Kinfauns Castle...... Scotland . 56 55 N.| 3 30 W.
Kingsley Parsonage | England 53 16 N.| 2 Ww.
} Kings Mills........... | Illinois.. peecteeat Alene LonyNen | MOSmezon Wie
| Kingston ...... Canada West pon G6Oc0 44 8 N.| 76 40 W.
} Kingston .... Massachusetts ....... 42 0 N.| 70 45 W.
Kingston .... Mississippi............ | 31 24 N. | 91 16 W.
Kingston .... New York.. 41 55 N.| 74 2 W.
Kingston.... Obiomerce 39 29 N.| 83 O W.
| Kippune....... Treland... 53 10 N.| 6 20 W.
f Kirkpatrick... Scotland... asaigogno9 || \_ eaobao0os
Kirkville...... Missouri .. .... | 40 11 N. | 92 33 W.
Kirkwall.. Orkney Islands...... 58 58 N.| 2 58 W.
Kischinev ..
H (See Kichinev. v)
Klagenfurth .. Illyria ................. | 46 32 N.| 14 15 E.
Knightstown .. ... | Indiana.. 39 49 N.| 85 27 W.
Knockanafirm... .. | Ireland... 52 17 N.| 7 35 W.
| Knox Hill............. | Florida ..... 30 30 N.| 86 1 W.
Knoxville ... Alabama..... 33 2 N. | 87 52 W.
Knoxville ... Tennessee... 35 59 N.| 83 54 W.
Kolare......... Finmark...... 67 23 N. | 23 51 E.
Ot Austria... 50 13 N. | 15 48 E.
f Konigsberg .. ... | Prussia..... 54 42 N. | 20 55 E.
Konigsfelden . nd Switzerland.. 47 29 N.| 8 20 E.
Koniska. . ..[Koge. Minnesota ... 45 10 N. | 94 20 W.
i Korennoje. Filipoos- Siberia........ 7l 5 N. /118 50 E.
Kosmodemiansk.... | Russia... 56 21 N. | 46 34 E.
| TROIS ccaccnntacsscos || MONE oocan 41 ON. | 91 13 W.
Kostroma.. Russia.. 57 45 N.| 41 3 &E.
| Kotgarh... Hindoostan.....c.|31 19 N.| 77 28 E.
Kotzebue Sound.. North America .. peste 66-68 N. |162-167W.
f Kouka . Africa .. 9 12 52 N. | 13 50 E.
Rourgauti Siberia . 20 55 20 N. | 65 24 EH.
Koursk....... ... | Russia... 51 44 N.| 36 14 E.
Koutais ................ | Russia... 42 31 N. | 42 35 E.
Krasnojarsk.......... | Siberia.... ..|56 O N. | 75 16 E.
Krasnovodsk......... Central Asia... senvocee | 40 N. | 70 57 E.
Kremsmuuster....... | Austria. cama |} 243 IN I) 1D
i Kreuzlingen.......... SiflinonlanGlossaewon 47 39 N. S) by 1p
| Krutez................ | RUSSIA ........... 51 55 N.| 43 38 E.
Kurrachee.. India........ 24 54 N.| 66 58 EH.
} Laborville..... Missouri.... 38 33 N.| 90 43 W.
La eee a France..... 49 49 N.| 1 8 E.
Lacon . Illinois ....... ‘ 40 4N.| 89 25 W.
f Lac- -qui- sparlel: Minnesota ............ | 45 0 N.| 95 55 W.
(Hazlewood. )
Ladakh.. : Thibet.................. | 34 0 N. | 78 10 E.
Lafayette... Indiana ... 40 25 N.| 86 49 W.
Lafayette... Ohio...... 40 45 N. | 84 W.
} La Fleche.. France..... 47 42 N.| 0 5 W.
Lagrange...... ..- | Georgia....... c 33 2 N.| 84 55 W.
) Lagrange.............. | Tennessee ............ | 35 15 N.| 69 30 W.

Height
above
the sea.

578

125
194
696
294
188
350
‘to

1438

"2

640

470

1258

= a
MTISCMDMBOAONNIWOS

H

—

= te
DODSONSOCHIAUNMTSTIPOOHMOM

i

Be
=a

H
woow

a
BPLmPoooty

Serial No. in

2

Reference to
authority in

3

95

zone. Appendix.
125 i
90 and 91 1
40 96
360 68
57 and 66 68
43 7
80 att
| 149 1 and 32
10 and 14 2
72 70
35 4
178 and 180 21
221 4
20 37
20 37
93 1
26 70
31 and 33 25
29 and 33 25
40 and 44 25 and 26
222 and 227 3
40 30
71 and 80 13
107 1
134 1
300 1
102 1
217 and 227 3
115 1
39 26
caacdead 7
83 1
35 7
318 21 and 22
101 1
44 26
120 and 121 1
111 9
111 and 112 1 and 9
20. 37
206 and 208 22
216 21 and 33
185 and 196 72
47 1
24 69
104 20
91 1
99 and 103 16
187 89
2 110
24 (6) 58
Unly/ 20
2217 36 and 4
389 20 and 65
135 (0b) 143
Sreceatod 137
325 and 326 21
195 and 196 72
232 4
33 42,
87 1
107 and 109 6
104 1
43 and 44 land 9
188 (a) 142
110 and 111 1
109 1
151,152 & 161 6
128 1
1

24

Name of station.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

State or country.

Latitude.

Longitude
from

| Greenwich.

Height
above
the sea.

Serial No.
in zone.

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

Lagrange College ...
Laghouat...........00.
Laguna .........
Lahainoluna .
Lahore....... ates
Laichela (Vasa) eee
Lake Athabasea.....
Lake City......
Lake George...
Lake Mills

Lake Scuppernong..
Lake Tamiagua
Lake Washington...
L’ke ee alte
Lamar..

Lambertville ..
Lampeter.......
Lancaster....
Lancaster....
Lancaster .............
Lancaster .
Landbohoiskolan ..
Lansing... 5
Lansingburg . Rae
Lapham ........
Laporte...
Laredo...

Larnaca .
Larissa.......

La Saulsaie..

Las Vegas....
Latrobe ....
Laukas.....
Lawrence

Lawrence .......
Leavenworth ........
Lebanon). -a-.)s-s sss
MebanOnersscteeseesiees
Lebanon

Lebanon
Lecompton...
Ledyard ..

(Cayuga Academy. )

Leesburg oo
Lee’s Creek...........
Leeuwarden..........
OA, votes ofvaciess acs
Leipsic .......
Leitersburg .
eitlipns ese. 50%
Lemberg..............
Lemo-Gannula.......
Mi@MROLAD es. sessjers(=5
Lenox.......

Leo..

Leon..

Leonardstown .
Leonardsville ........
Le Payee
Leroy...
Leroy........

Le Sentier....
Lewinsville..
Lewisburg ...
Lewisburg ...
Lewiston .....
Lewistown ...
Lewisville....
Lexington..
Lexington.... aoe
Lexington ............

Alabang wasssc.cees

Algeria......+.00s

New Mexico..........
Sandwich Islands...

India.
F boone

British Apnesiowe S05

Florida..
Michigans. oe

Wisconsin ............

North Carolina

Mexico’ s.r es-ees ees

Mississippi.
Minnesota....
Pennsylvania
New Jersey...
Wrales)---jcacecs
England ..
Missouri..
Ohio..
Pennsylvania...
Denmark
Michigan...
New York..
Minnesota...
Indiana ....
Texas...
Cyprus.
WEX@Sic-an.
Hrance)s..-r-ce
New Mexico....
Bomasy lenis os
Finland..
Kansas..
Massachusetts .
Kansas..

Illinois RED SEIT aN
Ohioks-cs-.. et ewensacres

Tennessee..
Wisconsin....
Kansas ........

New Tork seen

Maine ......
England ..
Virginia ..

Indian Tervitory oo

Holland .
Thibet..

Saxony .. ossac
Maryland...
Scotland....
Austria .....
Finland........
IRUISS\aye see eee
New York
Indiana...
Spain........
Maryland ..
New York..
Frauce .......
Kansas ...
New York...

Switzerland...........
WAM PAM Alesanertsen-= eee

Pennsylvania
Virginia .......
New York.....

Pennsylvania........

OHIOM sen ae
Kentucky ...
Missouri

Virginia ...... ee

34°

40’ N. |

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAAAAZAAA AAAAAAAAAAARAAAAAAAAAA AAA AAAAAy A AAA

87° 46’ W.
54

44444aaaahaergaeeaerra:

2461

420

1020
700
850

30
850

"25

| 107 and 109
170
39 and 40

ie (ec)
38 and 42

95 and 96
50 and 51
162
248
54
60 and 66
83
115
192,195 & 196
123
220 and 227
44

111
21
178

5 and 138
7 aud 50

2 and 73
and 296
and 73

and 104 °
and 187
} and 80

and 160

and 343
and 138

and 178

and 126

195 and 196

118 and 119

148 and 160
167
125
107
80
120

H
(ary

cs
PTW HOH HOH HEHEHE WRN ON ASO

i

_ Noe
BREW WHERE OR PEE BED ORATOR

i

=
om

> ee 5
aRaeS

bo

BER HOWE EEN HH OOH SHH

bo
=
)

=]

a
wu)
C=)

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS. 95

Name of station.

Leyden .............4+

Libau..
Liberty .. 20
Lifeboat Cove. asivaltce
| dome Sacoorodeconericasade
f Lima....
TUNE pce econs
Limerick....
| Limington ..
Lind..........
Linden ......
Lindesnes ..
Linkoping...

Litchfield:
Litchfield...

Lister .. ceeposa0c0
Little Compton.
Little Genesee.
Little ae Re es
Little Mountain...
Little Rock..

Little Rock Arsenal
Littleton .........
Little Whale Raven
Liverpool...
Livingston ... oo

iamdirdue

Lockhart ..
Lockport...
Lodi..........
Lodianah ...
Logansport..
Lobn . ne
Loma Gr: omdlaes
London..
LONE aca soxe
Londonderry ..
Londonderry . 20
London Ridge........
Long Branch
Long Point............
Longwood ............
Lons-le-Saulnier ....
Lookout Mountain..
Los Angeles ..........
Los Pinos .....
Lougan......
Louisville
Louisville ....
Louvain ..

) Lowell .....
Lower Saginaw -
Lowville..
Lucknow...
Ludlowville..
Lugano...
Jub casas eods

' Lunenburg...
Lunenburg...
Lunenburg... F

f Luray ...
Luxemburg...
PaeE UES
Lynn..
Lyons..
Lyons

} Byori a oaks

State or country.

Latitude.

Longitude | Height
from | above
Greenwich. the sea.

INGIwE Move se con oooeeaone

Russia..
New Works

North aa,

France..

New vor
Sa
Ireland...
Maine ..
Wiseousint!

Pennsylvania... 208
Norway «......2-+...00+

Sweden...
Miainete-creste
Portugal
New York...

Connecticut ..........
Michigan .............

Norway..

Rhode ellenel a. ve

New York..

Ohio.........
Ohio.........
Arkansas Go

Arkansas 2... ss +0000
New Hampshire...

Labrador .
England ....
Alabama ...

Illinois ...
Texas ......-
New York..
New York..
India..
moe sees
Switzerland.
Texas.. :
England. aces
Kentucky ..
Treland..

New Hampshire. oan
New Hampshire.....

New Jersey
MerxalSeeeetnctest
Virginia....
France......
Tennessee....-
California.....
New Mexico..
Russia .........
Tllinois.........
Kentucky ..
Belgium ..
Massachusetts -
Michigan..
New Work nace
Hindoostan...
New York....
Switzerland..
Sweden.
Germany...

Massachusetts .. 2

Vermont..
Missouri
Holland..
Virginia ...
Massachusetts . 0
France..
Towa........
New York...

4 May, 1874.

AAABAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAZAAZAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAZAAAAAAZAAAAAAAAA:

75°30/ W.| 900
il al ion
74 52 1474
73 13 i
3 al
77 50
75 25
8 38
70 40
89 0
at lit

2

34

a a a

Serial No. in
zone,

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

209
9]
242 and 243

136 and 138
160
132 and 151
41 and 44
309
96 and 97

262 and 267
116

51
289

186 and 187
187 & 188 (b)
110 and 111
187 and 196
15
111 and 118
107
21 and 25
280 and 281
281
248
72
120
145 and 148
104
9 and 12
41 and 42
364
93
107
142 and 143
296
118
199 and 209
86, 93(a) and
187 [93(6)
228 and 237
68 and 69
170 and 173
296
252
83
274
120
296
135 and 138

bo bo
BREHOHEHOR HOH

=
Ho.

21, 29 and 7
1

3 (2)
1

14

and 32(?)

a

a
DE DP HEHE WORE We Epes

= Rue

peu ape ee eee

land 3
23 and 141
1

26

Name of station.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

State or country.

Wiyttleton’ cesrescscrese

} Maastricht ....
McGrawville .
Machias.........
Mackinae..
Macomb ...

Madison ...
Madison ..

Madison .. a
Madison Barracks.
Madison Court House
Madras

Madrid ....

Madrid .
Mafra......0.. see
Magdalena Bay..
Magnolia.............-
Maibolgaard ...
Mailand Cr Milan. )
Makerstown..
Maldonado ....
Malone .......

Manatee ...... +0. 0000
Manchester..
Manchester..
Manchester..
Manchester..
Mancliester..
Manchester..
Mandal .......
Manhattan
Mautesin Island..
Manheim.. Scocse
Mankato..
Manitowoc.
Mansfield..

Mansfield Woodh’s se
Manzanilla Island..
Mapleton........-....5
Maquoketa.. é
fara HO Meeiacreeess ire
Marble Rock ...
Marchairuz...:.......
Marchmont..
Marengo ........
Mare Island.
Marietta

Marion..

Marion......
Marlborough ..

per iporongs gollege
Markree .. Oo
Marquette...
Marschlins..
Marseilles .....
Marsh’s Ranch.
Martigny ... 99009
Martin’s Covenaus
Martin’s Ferry
Mamtinez ese seorenees
Maryville ..
Massowah....
Matamoras...
Matanzas...
Mattoon ....
Mattticeceoneee
Mauritius .
Maysville.
Mazatlan.....
Meadow Dale

New Zealand
Holland.........
New York.

Michigan..
Illinois ....
Georgia ....
Indiana..

CO) VO Saracen
Wisconsin .
New York..
Virginia
Hindoostan..
New York....
Spain ........
Portugal
Spitzbergen..
Illinois........

Donmarkss.sessssscssc

Scotland... ...... 0...

Uruguay ...

INGiWwi Ori eeereseccice
Mediterranean Sea..

Hlovidavenesscsusceceece

England ..
Illinois....
Iowa .
Michigan ..

New Hampshire. oor

Pennsylvania..
Norway o.e.cs0es 0
Kansas....
Maine.

Baden . poncé
Minnesota.. oon
Wisconsin ....
Obhiower crs
England ..
New Grenada..
Kansas..

lowa.. a
New York.

LO Web sciecatecsieee
Switzerland..
Scotland...
Illinois ...
California
OHIO eweres a
Mississippi...
Ohio..
North Carolina .
England ..
Ireland......
Michigan......
Switzerland ..
France.........
California.....

Switzerland hae
Terra-del-Fuego.....

ODO aee cee

California Aas
California...
Abyssinia ..
Mexico.......

Sandwich “stands...

Indian Ocean..
Kentucky .....
Mexico ......

Virginia .......

Latitude.

43° 33/

50
42
44
45
40
32
38

ZARA AAAABAAAA AAPA waasAaaiaa adda

Ohh ah hh Oh 11

ZZ

Longitude
rom

Greenwich.

172° 43/ E.

5 42 E.

76 W.
67 W.
85 Ww.

Height
above
the sea.

174
1450

"27
280
2149

“lo

Serial No. in
zone.

79 and 82
149 and 151
186 and 187
314

62 and 65
102
132
101
128 and 129

99 and 100
198 and 209
119

36 and 37
208 and 209
347 and 349

47 and 48

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

14, 20 and 68
1

14, 21 and 29
49 and 68
37

1

139

68

25 116

203 and 209
205

50
70 and 80
90 and 91
89
123
280 and 281
144
53
69 and 73
311
277, 278, 279 & |
77 [279(a)
96 and 97
332 and 334 *
78 and 80
16 and 18
72 and 73

166 and 178
49

106 and 107
17

113 and 115

102 and ls
28 and 33
56 and 57

258 and 273

367 and 368
26

239 and 248
28

129
26
15 and 21
30

7, 8 and 25
16 and 17

3
14 and 38

1
13, 21 & 27

i

oO
Co ol a oe

~I

nor
NR OW RPE Pe eae ee ee

[orf

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF

Name of station.

State or country.

Meadow Valley
# Meadville...........-.
Mechanicsville
Medfield ..

Medina..
Micditemmenean oe
Medynet el Fayoun
Meerut .......--....008
Melbourne ..
Melinka ..
Melville Toland
Memphis ..
Menasha..:..
Mendon ...
Mendoza...
Mendrisio .
Mentone ........
} Mercersburg.
Mergentheim .
Merom ..........
Merve...
Metz........
Mexico ....
Mexico ....
Micanopy..
Michigan City
Michipicoton..
Middlebury ..
Middlebury ..
Middlebury ...
i Middletown....
Middletown....
Mifflintown....
Milan............
Milford.....
Milford........ S500
Millbrook .............
Milledgeville...
Millersburg ...
Mill Point......
Milltown occ
Millville ..............
} Milne Graden..
| Milnersville ..-
Mild........
Milton...
Milton.........
Milwaukie ...
Minaville .............
Mine Creek...........
Mineral Ridge .......
Minitetlan ...........
Minneapolis...

| Monroe Piers..

Monroeville....

Montbeliard . ox
Montcalm ..
Monterey ...
Monterey ....
Monte Video

# Montgomery..........
Montgomery

California .............

Pennsylvania...

Virginia ............04

Massachusetts ..

Australia ...

Chile eae

Arctic Ocean..
Tennessee...
TWikoonsn o.

Massachusetts . a
CUT encante reel calses

Switzerland....
Italy ......-...002.
Pennsylvania...
Baden............+
Indiana ........
Turkestan .....
France........-
Mexico.......
New York...
Florida....
Indiana

Canada West
New York.....
Ohio..........
Vermont.......
Connecticut
New Jersey...
Pennsylvania.
Lombardy ....
Delaware......
Pennsylvania ..

Channel Islands Sn
Georgia ............500

Kentucky ..
Michigan ....
Treland .

New York...
Scotland
Ohio..........
New York..
Indiana .....
Massachusetts -
Wisconsin ..

Mexico ......
Minnesota ..
Russia .......
Mexico ...
Indiana...

Alabama.
Kansas.......-+-
New Zealand....

Tllinois............
Michigan ...
Michigan ...
Alabama....
France....
Maine...

Virginia..
California
Mexico ......
Uruguay ....
Alabama...

Colorado..............-

Latitude.

40? 20/

ABNABZAABAAAAAWAAAAAAAAAAAAA Aaa Aa aAAaAAAABAAAAABAAAAAAAAAvaaAaw wd’ aaa

Longitude
from

Greenwich.

121° 15/ W.|

443:

Aaah AP adda® dah es" adaddeddnddadddaadPsddadadasaaP Paha" adedaah hh

Height
above

\the sea.

1088

1206

STATIONS.

Serial No. in
zone.

20 and 21
135 and 138
126
296
128 and 129
177

a & 79 (a)
4 (c)
4

94 and 95
96 and 97

297, 299 & 300
22

247 and 248
370
127
280
99
222,

124 and 126
6 and 7
174 and 187

42
110 and 111
59
153 and 160
129
252
267
246 and 248
! 167
306
132 and 147
190
97
128
110
118
26 and 32
151 and 160
49
129
187
100 and 101
300
99 and 100

79 and 82
105 and 106

122 and 123
123
117
140 and 148
75 and 76
| 160 and 161
| 118 and 119
28 and 29
8
25
115
51

27

Reference to ff
authority in
Appendix.

68
70
23
14, 18 & 21
137
100
1
1
1 and 31
137
72

for}

bo
WERE PTO EP NOOR RPP W oe

rary

an
oo bo oy)
CEP HE PEPE OR ESE BOR EOE EEE eee aro

Ss oe oat

Poe ec

28

Name of station.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

State or country.

Montgomery .........
Monticello ............
Monticello ..
Monticello ..
Montmorenci.........
Montpelier :
Montpelier .......++ +++
Moutreal

Montreux ...
Moutrose....
Montrose....
Mountview ...
Montville .
Moorestown .

Moose Factory... 5
Se area tt Hill...
sal 5
Morar..

Morges «

Moriches ..

Morrisania...
Morrisville..
Moscow......
Mosinee......
Moss Grove....
Mossy Crevk ..
Mostagnen ....
Mosul....
Mota ....
Moulton ...
Moultan
Mount Airy....
Mount Atlas..........
Mount Auburn.......
Mountain City.......
Mountain Home.....
Mount Carmel.......
Mount Holly
Mount Joy .........++
8 Mount Olive..........
Mount Pleasant.....
Mount Pleasant.....
f Mount Pleasant
Mount Pleasant
Mount 5t. Gothard..
Mount Savage.......
Mount Seir............
Mount Sinai...
Mount Solon
Mount Sterling
Mount Tabor ..
Mount Union
Mount Vernon
Mount Vernon
Mount Vernon Ars’1
Mount Victory...
Mount Washington
Mourzouk.. oF
Mowhaugh ........
Mozufferpore
Muhlhausen..........
Mulberry Hill........
IMU fans <-siccsiensesscee

Munster .....
Muonioniska .. cba
IMUNOIS! siecceensetces ane
Murfreesboro’ .

BUCY oeneathoceasiecasee
Murphy’s...
Murree ....

INGW Or iceeeesncseee

TOWS 2 ..0 ase
Mississippi..
Virginia .......
France......
France.....--

Vermont... .ceeee eee ee

Canada East ....

Switzerland ..........

Scotland.......
Virginia .....

Virginia .......-..00-..

Ohio..
New Jersey...

Hudson’s Bay Terr.

California. .
Mexico ......
India..
Switzerland;
New York..

New York...
New York...
Pennsylvania:
RUSS ia ecleesieese na’
Wisconsin .......
Pennsylvania...
Virginia ..........
AlSeNia. sce. sssce0
Mesopotamia ....

Abyssinia.............

Alabama ....
ndiaieccscenas
Alabama ....
Tennessee...
Olioreree ses
Colorado ..
Arkansas.
Indiana ....
New Jersey .. aos
Pennsylvania.
North Carolina .

TOwititeesatesiv-eacste esis

New York.
Ohio..

South Carolina .
Switzerland ..
Maryland.....
Persia <.. <0. <0
Arabia .......
Virginia ..
Illinois....
Ohiowse- a.
Ohio....

Iowa ...

(O) ie) econo ce
Alabama...
Ohio..

New Hampshire.. Hy

Africa .

Scotland-....... vente

Hindoostan...
le ER) Cpepanaad
Virginia
Indiayerees se.
Indiana .....
Bavaria
Prussia.......
Finmark
DALI eenencee
North Carolina ..
Switzerland.
California ..

OE aos

Longitude

Latitude.

from
Greenwich.

| 74° Of W.

N.| 91
N. | 90
Lily 763
ea
3
72
73
6
2,

hh 1 ht Oh

Th hh kkk Yt kt YY th hh hh a to

.

tht 1h th

Ragdddaqaaeeaeadaadaaqa4 a4haeeegcqraasch | 4aaacaaar serra:

Bagnageeranare

Height!
above |

jthe sea.)

No.
of

zone.

10
10
12
11

9
10
10

Serial No. in
zone.

235 and 243

88 and 89
102
119

117 and 118
367 and 368
254

66, 67, 68 & 69
170

43
142 and 143
119
129
155

16 (a)

20

8

88
176 and 178
273
209
242 and 243
185 and 196

94

84, 85 & 86
137 and 138
119
200 and 201
214

28
107, 108 & 109
185 & 185(a)
115

167 and 195
145
91
239 and 243
129
144 and 145
232, 233, 236 &
131 [237
216
75
119
102
125
129
91
125
116 and 117
125
274 and 277
71 (a
49

96 and 97
175
143

114

300 and 304

165 and 173
20

193 and 196

144 and 145

211 and 237
20

186(g)&186(h)

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

and 142

BPE WHEE EERE EP EO BHO HOHE Ee RRR ee

24 and 72

SERIES A.

Name of station.

Murrysville...........

Muscatine ...
| Muskegon....
Mustapha ....
Muthill.....
Naesgaard ....
Nagode........
Nagpoor ....
Nain ........
Nancy .........
Nangasaki....
Nantes........+
Nantucket ....
Napha..........
Napierville.
f Naples......
Nashville...
Nasimowo..
Nassau....
Nassau....
Natal..
Natchez ..
Naval Hospital...
Naval Obser Seton
j Navigator’s Island..
Navy Yard (Phila-
Coa )
Nazareth..
Nebraska City...
Neeah Baye
Nelson .........
Nemours
Neosho Falls.
Nephin.........
Nertchinsk ...
Neuchatel ....
Neustadt......
New Albany..
Newark...
Newark...
Newark..
Newark.... co.008
Newark Valley...
New Athens..
New Bedford ...
Newbern..
New Braunfels
(New Wied)
New Brunswick ....
New Buffalo..........
| Newburgh:
Newbury ..
Newbury .....
Newburyport...
Newcastle..
Newceastle.....
Newcastle ....
New aeene
New Concord ..
New Concord .....
New Creek Depot...
New Danemora..
New England.........
Newfield ...............
New Germantown...
New Harmony.......
New Haven...........
j New Herrnhut
# New Holland!........
New Holstein.........
New Lisbon ..
New Lisbon.........
New London..........

State or country.

Pennsylvania........

Wowwjalevcasecoecicccessices
Michigan
Virginia
Scotland...
Denmark..... ote
Hindoostan...........
Hindoostan...........
Labrador.....
France........
Japan ..
France: bea Sor6
Massachusetts. sobbee:
Loo-Choo-Islands ..
TUNEAONS! peop nsooee gosooe

Tennessee....
Siberia.....
Bahamas ..
New York.
Africa ..
Mississippi...
New York..
District of Columbia
Pacific Ocean..
Pennsylvania .. posco00%

Pennsylvania........
Nebraska ........0c00
Washington..........
New Zealand.........
France ....
Kansas...
Treland.....
Siberia .....
Switzerland...
Germany ..
DERE acoso
Delaware .... wat
ec pote
New ence:
Ohio..

New York..
Olio coascsecccc
Massachusetts -
Alabama. 500
WOXAS\cs-)00s<ccn'ecsje00

New Jersey..........-
Michigan

Massachusetts .......
Vermont..............5
Massachusetts .......
Delaware.......0... 006
Indiana.....
Main G ya es|seencsiaesieee
Mautchooria ......
Kentucky..
Ohio........
Virginia
Wisconsin ...
Virginia
New Jersey...........
New Jersey..........
Indiana..........
Connecticut ....
Greenland
OPH) cocscunaoss
Wisconsin ...
(OW O fees es- ere
Wisconsin ée0
Connecticut ..........

Latitude.

40° 28/ N.

41
43
39
56 20
54

26

PERMA

eG
“|
Ay
OS
ue
GG

LAI hI hl Al th lh ie

°

ALPHABETICAL LIS

TY OF STATIONS 29
Longitude | Height} No. Reference to
from above of Serial No. in authority in
Greenwich. |the sea.| zone zone. Appendix.
79°35’ W.| 960 10 91 1
91 5 W.| 586 10 90 and 91 land 5
E19) Voll cco 10 118 1
81 23 W.| ... 11 116 and 117 1
3.50 W.| 245 7 43 7
12 27 E. ae 7 180 (6) 139
ig 13 91 23
79 11 E. 14 34 89
61 30 W. 7 18 68
6 15 E. 9 125 and 126 48 (2)
130 OE. 12 192 21
SB) WW%ol] cea 9 99 6 and 21
70 6 W. 30 10 301 and 303 1 and 5
127 40 E. ono 13 100 5
88 10 W.| ... 10 107 1
14 20 EF. 482 10 | 376 and 377 14 and 28
86 49 W.| .. 11 102 and 104 1 and 5
91 E. oud 7 122 16
Ute 2 Wio 13 13 59 land 9
73 40 W.| ... 10 227 9
30 55 E. ooo 24 38 14 {
91 25 W.| 254 12 100, 101 & 102 1,5 and 31 |
74 1 W. 56 10 273 al H
i 2B We 50 11 133 and 138 131
168-173 W. 50 PL || coe pedaes 59
75 10 W. a 11 151 land 9
75 21 W.| 530 10 195 and 196 1
95 43 W.)| 1050 10 68 1
124 37 W.| --- 9 12 and 16 1
173 18 EH. 18 27 80 and 82 34
2 42 E. 00 9 119 6
95 31 W. IME 72 1
9 22 W.| .-- 8 33 26
119 21 E. | 2130 8 244 4,16, 20 &
6 53 EH. p00 i) 172 and 178 72 [36
10 43 EH. 9 293 and 297 68
85 45 W.| «- 11 100 and 101 1
75 47 W.| 120 11 132, 147 & 148 land 9
86 OW.) -. 10 115 1
74 10 W. 30 10 247 and 248 1
82 28 W.| 825 10 128 and 129 1
M6) 5) Wel T-<: 10 187 1
81 0 W.| --- 10 | 129 9
70 56 W. 90 10 298, 299 & 300 1, 5 and 31
87 35 W.| ... 12 «=| 115 1
98 15 W. 13 14 and 15 il
75 31 W. 90 10 248 1
86 46 W.| 661 10 116 1
74 5 W.| 150 10 229 and 243 3
70 55 W o60 10 ; 296 1
U2 th Viol) ‘008 10 250 and 252 3
70 52 W. 46 10 295 and 296 1 and 9
1) Bs \AYol] 050 11 146 and 147 2
85 27 W.| 1000 11 101 1
69 36 W. 88 10 309 1
122 40 E. ado 10 299 17
88 3 W. 11 97 9
81 44 W. 10 =| 129 1
1) © WW 11 125 and 126 1
90 38 W. 10 84, 85 & 86 1
81 0 W. 11 117 1
74 50 W. 11 153, 154 & 155 al
74 50 W.| ... 10 248 1
87 50 W.| 320 11 98 and 99 1
TEA tae NAVI "a00 10 263 and 267 1 and 28
49 10 W. 6 13 68
83 7 W. 11 109 1
88 8 W.| ... 10 97 1
80 46 W.| 961 10 128 and 129 1
90 OW.) .. 10 93 1
72 3 -W. 90 10 1

1 Same as Williamsport.

267

30

Name of station.

New London
New Malton.........
New Orleans
New Orleans Bar’ks
New Pitsligo
Newport .......
Newport ....
Newport ..
Newport .. masoces
Newport Barracks.
New San Diego...
New Sharon....
New Smyrna ...
Newton........
Newton .....

| Newtown...

New Westfield.......
New Wied (New
Braunfels)
New Windsor........
New York City
New Zealand.........
Niagara:
Nice ..
Nichols .. open
Nicholasville...
Nightingale Hall..
Nijne Tohirsk........
Nijnii Taguilsk
Nijnii Kolinsk.......
Nijnii Novgorod
Nikolaief .............
Nikolaievsk ....
Nile (River)

Nile (River)

ING) bi Mecoonos ecocenronoss
Nookton .......
Norderney ....
Norfolk........ aan
Norristown... .......
North Abingdon
Northampton........
North Argyle.........
North Attleboro’...
North Barnstead....
North Bass Island...
North Belgrade
North Bend...........
North Billerica
North Bridgeton.....
North Colebrook....
North Craftsbury ...
Northeast .. ,
North Esk Reservoir
North Fairfield
North Hammond....
North Littleton
North Nassau........
Northport.............
North Prospect
North Salem
North Scituate.......
North Sea..
North Shields.. 5
Northumberland ..
Sound
North Unst...
Northwoods... wen
North Volney........
North Whitehall....

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

State or country.

WISCONSIN .....e ee eee

England.......
Louisiana..
Louisiana ..
Scotland ..
Indiana.......
Kentucky ......-
Rhode Island...
Vermont.........
Kentucky....
California....

Florida...

TOW aicscssncsiccsinrs
New Jersey.....
Pennsylvania .
Minnesota....
Ohio......... :
WOXAS\evalecclvcsiees(ecolaas

Maryland ..

New York..

South Pacific Ocean
Canada West.........
Italy .......

New York....

= Kentucky .......-...-

South Carolina
Russia..

Siberia . aaa
Siberia ..
Russia....
Russia....
Siberia ..

ZY Diiccoessncecosienclevs
IND Did) esescersessicenne

Kentucky .............
Scotland

North Sea..
Virginia st
Pennsylvania........
Pennsylvania
Massachusetts .......
NeW MOV: co jens ese
Massachusetts.......
New Hampshire.....
MUL ys4-aneseee: cancsn cc
Maine ..

Ohio.. ae
Massachusetts .
Maine ..

Connecticut .
Vermont
Pennsylvania .
Scotland ........
Ohio..

New York.. ies
New Hampshire...
ING Wwe MOVK S-cokencslene
Michigan...

Maine .......

New York.......
Rhode Island

Hingland \ccsecisesicssiecs
Pennsylvania..
Arctic Ocean
Scotland

WO ss cesenocen a9
New Jersey............
Pennsylvania........

Latitude.

44° 21/

24 to 30 N.
22to 24 N.

37 40
56 11
42

57

8

15

19

0

59

38

36

30

34

_ {143 3
31 to 33 E.

| 244' 242) AZAAZAAAzAAAAAABAAAAAAAAAZAAAD

Longitude
from

Greenwich.

88° 45/ W.

58

31} to 33 B.

85 35 W.
3°43
a
19
19

hake

BRRREE agequaa agagagaaaaaaaa4aa:

444° 444444444444444444454444"2:

Height,
above
the sea.

Serial No. in
zone.

96 and 97
65 and 66
29, 30 & 31
28 and 29

287 and 289

252

105 and 107
11 and 12

193 and 196
75

125
14 and 15

131
232, 233, 234 &
82 [243
130
369
186 and 187
107
141
365
113
26
105
356
246
73 and 74

163 and 173
143
195 and 196
190
260
227
299 and 300
276 and 277
125
311
109
296
309
267
251 and 252
138
49
125
209
277
227
65
311
240 and 243
288 and 289
50
63 and 66
191 and 196
1
29
125 and 124
227

| 196 and 195

Reference to
authority in §
Appendix.

bo
beare

ow
—
©

6B

=")
>
oo

BRE H ORE NEP NN HEP ee AT

o

and 20
20 and 50

=
bo oo eat
POR ROR OOH HAT ORE

lor]

a
rs

(sv)

=
eb

>
BPR EIS WOW SHEE Ee ee eR EE Be ee RE ROR ETH

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS.

Name of station.

| North Yarmouth...

Norton.

H Norwalle
Norwalk ...
Norway ....
Norway
Norway House.
Norwich ....
Norwich ....
Norwich
Notre Dame.........
Nottingham........

Nottingham ..........
Nova Zembla........
Novogorod ............

f Novo Petrowsk .....
Nowgong..........00 +
Nulato ...........
Nursery Hill ...
Nyack.........
Nykoping.....
Nymegen ....
Oahu..........
Oakland.........
Oasis Kanar....
Oban..........

j Oberlin .......
Ojoinsie..---<.-
Ocala........
Odanah.....
Odessa..

| Ogdensburg ...

Renee Barracks

Oil City...

Olatha ..

Old Mission...

Old Point Comfort..

Oldtown .. ne

Olga Bay...

Olmutz...

Olten........

Omaha .

Omsk..

Omady-el- Hamyd...

Oneida.. ca

Onondaga ..

Ontonagon .. eee

Onowa ........-+»

Ooroomiah Boe

Oporto... ccc ceeeeeeee eee

Opelika ............665
Oran......
Orange......--
Orange Bay
Orangeburg ....
Orebro......... ++.
Oregon...

Oregon City.

Orel..

Gresheree Seacaecue
bee Islands.
Orlov.. osc0e0
Orville ..

Osage.....

Osborne. .

Osceola ..

f Ostersund ...

s Oswego.......
Otchakof rece
Otsego ...2-.escee ree eee

State or country.

Massachusetts .......

OH OMe eecsesestoscines
Connecticut .

Wisconsin .. ae
Hudson’s Bay 1 Terr. .
Connecticut. 5400
England......
Vermont...
Indiana.... Boon
England .............5.

Maryland.............
Arctic Ocean..
RUSSIa..-)--<000--
Turkistan..

India .........
Alaska Territory...
Nevada.. doo
New Wanleoe

Sweden.

olen.

Sandngichl Twlemak.,
Maryland ..

ISP8(OB) ecacconc
Scotland...

Austria.
Florida........
Wisconsin ...
Russia .......

New York....
Georgia...
Pennsylvania.
Kansas ....seseceeeeeeee
Michigan

Virginia 3ccc
IWR BAV®) coo connceicad ccoeec
Sibeniancssprere essere
MOravid........-...0.00
Switzerland ...
Nebraska.....
Siberia.....

Nubia

New York....

New York ...
Michigan...

Portu oe ca0

Alabama... ......... 000
Algeria

France.. Bce0
Terra- del- Fuego 0000
South Carolina
DSWiedeurespescrcescss.
Missouri...
pee: bot

Russia..

Russia .....

North Atlantic Ocean
Russia ..

Alabama .. nO
owiemeeeseas

England ...

Illinois

Michigan ..
Sweden....

New York.
TaTISSIE ike anacien
Michigan..............

Latitude.

15

yousuunenuedmaauanunes waaaadunada aazaauaad 22

41° 45/

pawmuneen wade wanadune dae 2

Longitude

from

Greenwich.

30
23
43
39
10

3
14
21

70°11’ W.

W.

qhabhadedasa4 4¥aaaahraes' aaaaaaana a)

448"345545

Haghhehg fring

.

8

45

44443

Height
above
the sea.

Serial No. in
zone.

31

Reference to §
authority in
Appendix.

303

and 125
and 100
and 267
and 94

and 256

and 94

and 64

148 and 151
2

143 and 144
29 (a)
31
128 and 129
317 and 320
42
53
353 and 355
201 and 209
131 and 132

140, 141 & 143
311
400 (b)

339 and 340
181 and 196
67 and 68

240 (a)
29
187
177 and 187
215
70
215
336

115
199 and 200
366 and 368
27
141
75 and 76
80
27 and 28
226
237, 238 & 239
35

359
115

80
129 and 133
104
116

31
172 and 187
354 and 355
116

a
eo)

13, 21, 27 & 54

1
14
16
14,16 and 20
23

10
21, 39 and 43
9
1
58

bo
PR NPE ee Pee peat

Lol (Sil
RFPOoOr Sa ae

an
ars

bo Lal
HORORHWE

32

Name of station.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

State or country.

Otsego... occds
EERWA) Sevusvavakievouct
Ottawas Point...
Otter House.
Ottey ..
Oum Theboul..
Our ee Encte
Ovid . aa
Oviedo :
Ovolau..
Owl’s Head.
Oxford caccc..6
Oxford...
Oxford...
Oxford...
Oxford...
Oxford...
Oyster Bay. rc
Padang.....
Paddytown..
Paderborn ..
Padilla... ses:
Padua......
Paducah...
ia Sa
Paisley ..
Pajutazee ..
Pakerort Light Hs se
Paldamo... 3
Palembang ..
Palestine ....
Palermo ....
Palma.......
Palmyra ...
} Palmyra ...
Pamaiecseccs
Panama.
eaOligecesnese
Parana .......
Pardeeville..
PAN IS ie /ccccesiers
Paris ..
Paris ...
PATIS\scscceser sieve
Parkersville ...
Parma...
Passaic Valley ..
Pass Christian..
Pasumlie........
Paterson ...
Patna ....
Patoka ..
} Patten ..
Pau..
! Paulding .
| Peach Grove Lodge
f Peissenberg ..
Pekin

ipPembinacssceesseeane
Pembroke . ABASIC
Pennsylvania Mine
Penfield .. a
F Penjinsk Gulf...
(head of. +)
Pennville..
Penn Yan..
Pensa ....3..
Pensacola...
Penzance..
Peoria

| Wisconsin ......
|

Illinois......
Michigan....
Scotland
England ..
Algeria....
Guiana....
New York
Spain..
Fejee Islands.
Maine. ae CoA
England .. EHeerHekocnsond
Maine ce sesseee ens eons
Mississippi oo
North Carolina......
New York.......
Pennsylvania
New York....
Sumatra
Virginia ..
Prussia...
Mexico....
Italy..
Kentucky .... ze
Navigator’s Island..
Scotland ..
Minnesota...
RUSSian.3--t
Finland...
Sumatra .
Mexasy..scen
New York.......
Majorca Island .
Missouri.........
New York..
Illinois.. 5
New Grenada.
Kansas..
South America
Wisconsin .
France......
Tlinois) ....5
Kentucky ..
Missouri.......
Pennsylvania..
tiallivieetecstas=eestes le
New Jersey.
Mississippi....
Hindoostan...

New Jersey .....--+00
Hindoostan.......+...
Indiana......

Maine
France .......
Mississippi..
Indiana....
Bavaria...
China......
Illinois..
L724) apepicosea
Minnesota...
Maine ........
Michigan,
Georgia ... os
SLDOLUarciescleablassiecetacs

TAGIGNA sersis-vcssesaers
New York...

Russia.......
Florida ...
England ..
Illinois.... =e
Gieorgltisc-rz-riececstiess

Latitude.

44

5
56
53
36

5
42
43
17
44
51
44
34
36
42
39
40

0
39
51
24
45
37
14
55
45
59

16
30

0
54
50
30
41
24
47

| 43° 27/ N.

ZZ4ZZ44ZA 2A YAAAAnAawwAABasAwAA as yaw AA A sana eA Al OU A ll ltt A

Longitude
from
Greenwich.
89° 13’ W.
| 83 25 W.
61 10 W.
5 20 W.
1 34 W.
8 27 E.
61 10 W.
76 52 W.
5 52 W.
178 52 W.
68 56 W.
115 W.
70 32 W.
89 25 W.
78 14 W.
75 32 W.
75 51 W.
73 41 W.
100 20 E.
78 55 W.
8 44 E.
98 54 W.
11 50 E.
88 36 W.
170 W.
4 27 Ww.
94 Wa
24 3 &.
27 43 E.
102 26 HE.
95 25 W.
76 24 W.
2 34 E.
91 30 W.
77 16 W.
89 6 W.
79 36 W.
95 30 W.
60 37 W.
89 16 W.
2 20 E.
87 42 W.
84 7 W.
92 0 W.
75 37 W.
10 21 E.
74 12 W.
89 25 W.
78 20 E.
74.10 W.
85 20 E
87 26 W.
68 34 W.
0 22 W.
89 10 W.
81 0 W.
10 42 E.
116 27 E.
89 45 W.
92 55 W.
96 50 W.
67 15 W.
?

83 20 W.
162 E.
85 Ww.
77 11 W.
45 5 E.
87 10 W.
5 28 W.
89 40 W.
83 46 W.

Height
above

the sea. |

500
600
130
205

10
800
738
210
338
961
“60

oa

480

450

730

Serial No, in

100

zone.

106 and 107

118
31

74 and 80

203
20

186 and 187
337 and 343
1

311

104 and 118

309

93 and 94

145

181 and 187

| 151

273

43 and 45

126

172 and 173
Yi

307
97

44 and 45

69
187
197

87
160

91

17 and 18

72
23
100

116 and 118

248

87 and 91

99

78 and 81
358 and 362

99
117

296 and 299

225,

226 & 22!

101 and 102

82

41 and 42

314
57
128
70

114
233

| 159 and 160

119 and 121
119 and 126
101 and 102

132

7

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

1

1

1 and 79
7
is
11

1 (2)

1

6, 14 and 29

Lee or
moto SS

o hoe bo bo

bs. tb

bo

and 3

wo
BSH ORE RP SHEP E RORPATOEP EOP REP WR wee

6, 21 and 68
1

1 and 9

Go bo

(SX)

bo
BP TEP EP RE HE ORE RPT RPE OR ON HR He

, 20 &48(?)

~T

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS.

Name of station.

TREY ceoccoecckaueaoend

Perry City ....
Perrysburg...
Persian Gulf.
Perth..
Peru.......
Peshawur.. ane 230
Peterborough ........
Petite Coquille
Petropaulovski
Petrozavodsk ........
P. H. Academus ....
Phantom Hill........
Philadelphia .........

Philadelphia .........
(Girard College.)
Philadelphia.........
(High School.)
Philadelphia ...
(Navy Yard. )
Philomath .........
Phenixville..

Piasa Farms..
Piedmont.. a
Pieter Maritzburg..

Pilatka . non 0c6
Pillau ....
Pilsen.....
Pine Hill.
Pitea .........
Pittsburg...

Pittsfield ..........
Platta...........
Pleasanton..
Plains........
Plainville...
Platteville ..
Plattsburg ...
Plattsburg Barracks
Pleasant Plain..
Pleasant Valley Mills
Plover eke nocotosd
Plymouth..
Plymouth...
Plymouth.......
Plymouth Meeting..
Pocopson... ooe5a0
Point Coupee. ope ncoo00
Point-de-Galle.......
Point Judith
Point San Jose..
Polaris Bay...
(Polytechnic School.
Poltava

(See Pultava. )
Pomfret...
Pomona Gardens...
Pomona.. soca 666
Pompey....... peiccoene
Pompey Hill
Pontiac ................
Ponts-de- Martel... A00oz0
Poplar Grove..
Port Albert ...........
Porrentruy............
Port Angelos
Port Arlington.......
Port Arthur..........
Port Blair ..........
Port Bowen..........
Port Carbon..........

State or country.

WEY ISR eapecnocoacoaccecs
New York...
Ohio......

Scotland...
Nebraska...
India.. meee
New Hampshire ees
Louisiana .. coon
Kamschatka...
Russia........-
Mississippi.
MIESRENS con deo tonne osncon
Pennsylvania.. oo
Pennsylvania ........

Pennsylvania........
Pennsylvania.........

Georgia .........0 sees
Lorene
Illinois..
Virginia ... é
Natal, South UNBGS
Flor Fdleice
Prussia .....
Bohemia.......
New York.....
Sweden..........
Pennsylvania...

Massachusetts .......
Switzerland...........
Michigan
Virginia....
New York..
Wisconsin ....
New York.....
New York..
Towa......-.+
Kentucky ..
near Behring Strait
Connecticut...........
Indiana..... nes
Wisconsin ............
Pennsylvania........
Benn naa. See
Louisiana..
Ceylon..
Rhode Tela
California.. 000
Arctic Ocean... see
Portugal ..............

Connecticut ..........
New Jersey...
Tennessee ....
New York.....
New York...
Michigan......
Switzerland ..
Virginia .....
Australia......
Switzerland ..
Washington..
Treland.. =
Van Diener’ S ipa
Andaman Islands..

Arctic Ocean .........
Pennsylvania........
Russian America....

5 May,1874,

Latitude.

30

45° ON.

22

Miia A | i iia

:

a a in

.

ZAZAe eee

12h hh hh

33

Longitude | Height) No Reference to
from above of Serial No. in authority in
Greenwich.|thesea.| zone zone. Appendix.
67° 6/W.| 100] ... | 313 and 314 1
76 55 W.| .. 10 | 187 1
83 40 W. 10 | 124 and 125 1
ce ES 13 76 129
3.26 W.| 66 "l 43 7
95 46 W.| ... 10 68 1
71 41 &£. : 12 | 186&186(b) | 42 and 142
71 58 W.| ... 10 | 281 9
89 38 W.| .. 12 90 and 92 2,
158 40 E.! ... 8 , 248 4 and 110
34 24 EB. a 6 60 4
? 11 99 1
99 45 W. 12 53 2
75 11 W. 11 | 151 8 and 95
75 11 W. 11 | 152 132°
75 11 W.| 50] 11 | 132 and 151 1
75 9 W. 11 151 1 and 9
83 15 W.| ... 12 | 127 and 128 1
75 26 W.| 120] 10 | 196 1
90 30 W.| ... 11 90 and 91 1
Gl Bae Wil] coc 11 | 126 1
30 20 E. | 2096 | 24 38 14
81 45 W.| ... 13 42 1
20 20 E. 8 | 215 68
118) PAL TE |! os 9 | 327 and 330 22
79 6 W.| 680} 10 | 160 1
21 30 E.| ... 5 24 10
80 2W.| 960] 10 | 140,143&144 | lands
& 850
7315 W.| ..- 10 | 260 1
GO 1b |} co 9 | 225 and 237 72
86 10 w.| 750 | 10 | 118 1
ay Bil Wil) oe 11 | 126 1
77 15 W. 10 | 186 and 187 1
90 45 W.| ... 10 93 1
73 25 w.| 300] 10 | 204,206&209 | land3
"3 AB Wall. coc 10 | 205,206&209 | 2
91 54 W.| 950} 10 90 and 91 1
83 49 W.| ... 11 | 110 1
173 30 W. 6 2 82
73° 3 W. 10 | 267 1
86 12 W. 10 | 111 68
88 7 W. 10 97 1
7610 W.| .- 10 | 196 1
75 37 W.| 218 | 11 | 132 and 151 1
91 30 W.| ... 12 89 1
80 18 E. 17 39 and 41 34
71 31 W. 10 | 289 9
122 25 W. 11 26 2
61 44 W.
9 8 W. 11 | 181 92
72 0 W.| 587 | 10 | 266 and 267 1
75 3 Ww.| 83] 10 | 248 1
85 0 W.| 2200} 11 | 112 1
76 5 W.| 1745 | 10 | 178 and 187 1 and 3
76 9 W.| 1737, 10 | 186 and 187 1
83 14 W.| ... 10 | 123 1
650 E.| ... 9 | 177 and 178 72
78 2Ww.| 720) 11 | 125 and 126 1
146 40 E. 30 | 26 84 18
We abe Bel ot 9 | 179 and 196 72
124 44 W.) ... 9 16 1
UG WT) on 8 36 and 39 25
147 54 E.| 55 | 27 | 67 14 and 107
(7) 22) TOL |) oso 16 41 17
88 55 W.| 10 4 11 102
76 6 W.| ... 10 | 196 8
166 58 W.| 10 5 110

34

Name of station.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

State or country.

Port-de-France
Port Deposit..........
Port Foulke...

Port Gibson.........--
Port Huron.........-+-
Port Kennedy........
Portland’: ces acncsskess
Portland
Port-la-Vaca

Port Louis ...

Port Louis ...

Port Lloyd ....
Porto Cabello..

Port Orange...

Port Praya

Port of Spain..

Port Refuge ...
Portree.......-
Portrush..

Port Said . SOOO
Port Townsend .
Portsoy ..

Portsmouth....
Portsmouth..
POSen,.-. sna.
Possiet Bay..

Late Gersepeee
Potsdam

Pottsville ....

Pouce .. oa
Poughkeepsie..
Poultney .......
Powelton..... Teee
Powhatan Hill. peace
Poydras yikes
Prague... Sens cee
Prairie Bluff. ae
Prairie-du- Chien..
Prairie Line
Prattsburg ...
Prescott...

Presidio of Ban ihe

en
Presque Isle..
Preston .
Prince Edward’ Ss 30 t
[House
Prince George’s C’t

Princeton

Princeton ..
Progress ......
Prospect Hill
Prospect Hill
Providence............

Provincetown.,,.......
Puerto Monti...

Punta Arenas........
UTP litZ access cesiencm ee
Putbus...
Dibynocssceas eee
Qoubouchi............
Quasqueton ....
Quebec........
Queretaro ...
Quincy........

Race Point...
Racine oe
AGUS Ase casincsinnciensioes

New Caledonia.......

Maryland........
Greenland.....
Mississippi
Michigan........
North Somerset
Australia .......
Maine ..

Texas ......

Falkland Islands...

Mauritius.
Bonin Islands ..
Venezuela
Florida .......

Cape Verd Islands...

Trinidad .

Arctic Ocean . ae
Scotland
Ireland..

Egypt .. :
Washington . a
Scotland

New Hampshire

QB1One--peecneesnslannars

Virginia ..
Poland ...
Siberia ..........6
Russia.....2:-.

*Pennsylvania..

Porto Rico
New York.....
Iowa....
Georgia...
Virginia....
Louisiana..
Bohemia....
Alabama....
Wisconsin .
Mississippi.
New York..
Wisconsin.
California.

Michigan .......... «0

Mexas hoses

Virginia enc. socscctes
WVATEINIG)cccese se neec eee

Massachusetts.......
Minnesota...........4.

New Jersey ..
Kentucky ..

North Carolina F iy
Rhode Island.........

Massachusetts

CHilihdciectezecenceees
RUSBI8... coves sscess ior

Patagonia
Bohemia
Prussia ...
France ..
Nubia..

lowa..

Canada East...
Mexico..
Illinois... eaee
Massachusetts sa
Wisconsin ..

Dalmatia) Seccsscersese

Latitude.

244 ZAZAZZAZA ZAAA MAA BawrwAnnawwazaaearwaaaaayr

:

ZAZAAZAARAarANA BamawA

Longitude
from

Greeuwich.

Height
above
the sea.

166° 26/ E.
j Ww.

ie
Ww.
W.
W.

5 E.

Ww.
W.
w.

73 and 77
309

20

27

43

96

8 and 12

44 and 45

24 (a)

13

3

24 and 25

14 and 16
176 (0)

16

29
281
114 and 115
142 and 143
210
400 (a)
387 (a)

201 and 209
195 and 196
16 and 18
236 and 243
88 and 89

128

156 and 160
84, 85, 86 & 87
24 and 26

65
67
120

142 and 143

295 and 296
46 and 47

248

110

124

286 and 289

303
17 (a)
357
263
201 and 204
198
127 and 138
30
88 and 89
72 and 73
7
91
303
99 and 100
378

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

97
18
1

1
108 and 116

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS.

Name of station.

Raimsk.. :
(See Aralskoe. 2)

H Raleigh....

Rampoor.....

Rancho- del- China.

Rancho-del- JERUDN

f Randolph.. ee

Randolph .. x

f Randolph Macon Col.

Raneekhet ..

# Ras el Gartoum..

Rathousen ............

f Ratisbon

Ravenna Soe

] Rawalpindi...........

Rayado.......

Readington...

Reading

Reckigen..

Red Hook.......-....+

Redford Centre ..

Red Lake.

Redout Kaleh..

Red River Settlement

Red Sea..
Red Wing...
Regensburg.

(See Ratisbon. a
W Reichenau ......
Reikiavik..
Remus...
Rensselaer... fee
f Rensselaer Bay.
Republic...
Reval ....
Rhinebeck ...
Rhineland ...
Riceville
Richmond....
Richmond....
Richmond ...
Richmond ............
Richmond Hill eons
BH Ridge ......seeees see one
H Ridge Farm .
Ridgeway .......

Lisuwm. c
Rigolet..

Riley .......

4 Ringgold Barracks..
Rio Grande..

Rio Grande City...

Rio Janeiro............
Ripley.......--

Ripon ....
Ripon .......
Rochelle ....
Rochester ....
Rochester .......
Rock Bluffs..
Rock Island.
Rockport
Rockport...
Rockville...
Rockville
Rocky Run...
Rodez.......
Rolfe...
Rolla.... ...
Rome.....
Romeo.......

Romney a eae

State or country.

Turkestan,.......s.0-+

North Carolina ......
Hindoostan........--

California......
California......
Pennsylvania.
Vermont........
Mirena’ 966
India..

Nubia ..
Switzerland .. S00
Bavaria ........
ObiOs aes.

New Mexico...

New Jersey ..........
Pennsylvania........
Switzerland ..........

New York......
Michigan
Minnesota.
Russia ..

Hudson’s ; Bay ; Terr.

Minnesota. costectaed bod

Switzerland...
Weavers 5 sa5 sco
Switzerland....
Indiana.........
Greenland....
Ohio ...........
Russia...

New York.
Missouri .....
New Jersey...

HivseNOE) 65 “A000 dosese
Massachusetts.......
Missouri.............0+

Virginia...
Georgia...
Maryland..
Illinois .......
Kansas.....
Russia ..
Somizediendl «
Labrador ..
Mlinoia. oe

England
Wisconsin ...
Tllinois........
New York....
Minnesota ...
Nebraska..
Illinois..
Missouri
Ohio........
Indiana.
WLI Sassecooto
Wisconsin...
France........
Towa ....
Missouri
Italy .......-..-
Michigan.....

Virginia .........-.....

35° 47/

Latitude.

27
0
10
28
57
13
0
37
5
58
12
4

5 27
33
19
28
2
28
30
16

AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAZAAAAA

ABZAAAAAAAZAABAAA BAAN Aa AA AA aA wh hhh lt ttt

dong uude

rom

Greenwich.

SAP ASM SSSSSR4RS SARS S885 Sh:

Height

above
the sea.

No.
of

zone.

Serial No. in
zone.

124
187
10 and 12
10 and 12
137 and 138
256
143
78 (b)
30

212 and 237

302 and 304

129

186 (a) & 186
50 (8)

248

195 and 196

216 and 237

238 and 243

15 and 16
30, 31
77 and 87

251 and 273
16, 17,18 & 19
271 and 273
111
7
125
84 and 85
243
87
248
100 and 101
259 and 260
80
143
140 and 141
138
93
71
80, 81 & 82
218 and 237
18
106 and 107
22
153, 154 & 155
8
18
108 and 109
64 and 66
100
107
155 and 160
77
68
103 and 104

363 and 368
70
89
375 and 377
122 and 123
126

30

Reference to
authority in }
Appendix.

«Tt

Be oF
Cl el al a ON ROC leg oe Ce a ane ie

36 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

Height}
above
the sea.|

Longitude
from
Greenwich.

Serial No.
in zone.

Name of station. State or country. Latitude.

Roorkee ............+++
Rose Cottage.........

Rose Hill......
Rosetta ......
Rossville.
Rouen.......
Rougemont...
Round Top....
Rouse’s Point..
Rousses
Roxbury..
Royston..
Rumford Point
Rupert..

Rural .

Russell ..

Russell’s Station....

Russellville...

Rustenberg ...... 2b

Rutherfordton ..

IGE Ven: erteeserteae

Rutland .....
Ryslinge
Saccarappa

Saco.. Seno
Sacramento 20
Sagan .....:...-
Sag Harbor..
Sagritz..

Sahara Desert .
Saint Andex....
fj Saint Anna..
Saint Anne..

Saint Anthony’: 8 F'lls

Saint Augustine
Saint Bernard
Saint Cloud....
Saint Croix...
Saint Dennis...

Saint ye
Saint Foy..

Saint Francis Xavier

Dee:
Saint Gallen.. "0
Saint Georges.
Saint Georges...
Saint Gothard ..

St. Helena ............
Saint Hyppolite.....
Saint Imier ..........

Saint Inigoes ......
Saint James...

Saint John’s..........

Saint John’s...
Saint John’s...

Saint Johnsbury.....
Saint Joseph’s.......
Saint Joseph .........

Saint Laurent

BSaimtiboinecceceences

Saint Lorenzen
Saint Louis..

Saint Louis Arsenal

Saint Martin’s.

Saint Martin’s Cove
Saint Mary’s.........

Saint Mary’s
Saint Mary’s
Saint Mary’s.

Saint Mary’s College

Saint Michael’s
Saint Michael’s

Sackett’s Harbor ....

WMIGIA Scccenocecenseese

Pennsylvania..
Virginia..
Egypt nee
Iowa.....
France....-
Virginia ...
LOXAS recess
New York.
France.. 509
Massachusetts ..
England ..

Wisconsin
New Zealand..
O) Wi ynccocadetcco
Kentucky .
Surinam..

North Carolina . i

Virginia...
Vermont...
Denmark ....
Maine .........
New York ...
Maine

California .......0.,

Prussian Silesia

ING@WeXOrk scerec eens

Austria been
Bavaria .

Canada East..
Minnesota ...
loridayace--<e
Switzerland..
Minnesota.......

Phili ppine ieee,

Switzerland..........

Bourbon
West Indies.

New BV Orie ete eat

Switzerland...........

Bermuda
Utah..
Switzerland.

South Atlantic Ocean

rance\sc.----r
Switzerland..
Maryland....
Michigan..

New Brunswick.

Newfoundland
South Carolina

Wermiontinc.scsesceecnen

Minnesota.
Missouri....
France...
France...
Austria...
Missouri.
Missouri.

eg nc a

Azores..
Towa.:......
Maryland .. opt
Pennsylvania ..

Kentucky.......... _

Alaska...

AZOTGBts ces stores ccs

-| 18

41
38
31
43
49
38
30
45
47
42

52

44 3

43
44
35
39
36

5
35
37
43
55
43
43
43

38 :

51
41

46 5

30
47
14
47
44
29
45
45
46
20

45
40

7
0
25
10
26

29° 52’ N.

N.
N.
N.

AE

N.

AAAs.

p t DOM. S as ¢
ZAAZAAAANAAAABAAAABAAABAAMAA As Azania a

wauuanaaaanaunrnane aes

=

=

aad" RaMaaR Shah gh geehahargadahaaadaahaaararaad”a'

880

| 142 and 143
| 176

80 and S0(a)
138

88 and 89
108 and 109
118 and 119

72
207 and 209
159 and 161
296

90 and 94
311
255 and 256

a

253 and 256
61 (6)

309

209

304 and 309
18, 19 & 21

209

272 and 273

315 and 320

169,170 & 171

295 and 296

240 and 248
47 :
168 and 178
42
15 and 18
134 and 138
253

249 and 273
152
37
232, 233, 236 &
30 [287 |
365 and 368
204 and 237

86 and 87
140 and 141
252

41 and 42

80 and 82
132 and 138
102 and 110

85 and 86

85, 86 & 87

84 and 87

66 and 67

a
ed Oe

28 108 and 116
32 (7?)
1

172 and 174
71 and 72
138
138 °
104
3 and 64
169.174 &175 | 1

ive)

bo

a
ise)

| re)

fa
Beg

to

8

Ro

1

9
5
4

DE BE OR EP SREP HERP RP BATE EP RW HEE EOP oH

14 and 23

and 9

and 9

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS.

Name of station.

f Saint Nicolai

j Saint Nizier..........

f Saint Paul....

y Saint Paul....

j Saint Paul....

H Saint Peter..

Saint Peter..

R Saint Petersburg
Saint Rambert..

} Saint Theresa .......
Saint Vittore.........

# Saint Leno....

f Salamanca....

f Salem ..........

H Salem ..

Salem .

H Som a oe

} Salem High School.

i Salisbury... :

} Salmon Falls... ee

f Saltillo... Seeatives
Salt Ponds Isle
Salzburg ........

} Samara ..

{ Samarskaja..

H San Antonio..........

H San Catalina ....
Sandhurst ......-

# San Diego.....
Sandosund ...
Sands Point ..
Sandusky .....
Sandwich ...
Sandwich ...
Sandwick.....

# Sandy Lake...
Sandy Springs...
San Est Ysidro
San Felipe.........---
San Fernando ......-.

W San Francisco.......
San Francisco...

f Sanilac..

| San TOS oe

} San Juan Badicton
San Juan Island .
San Lorenzo .........
San Louis Potosi....

f San Louis Rey.......
San Miguelito .......

f San Nicolas...........

¥ San Patricio..
Santa Anna..

f (See Saint ‘Anna. 5

f Santa Barbara..
Santa Catalina a

[land.
Santa Clara...........

i Santa Fe.......
Santa Maria..
Santender .......
Santiago .......
Santiago.....
Saragossa. ...
Saratoga ....

f Saratov...

} Sargans......
Saugatuck ...
Sauk ceri fc
Sault Saint Marion

(Fort pe ays )
Savannah.. 00
Savannah .

State or country.

Denmark............+-

France......
Illyria ....
aan Tele ..
Minnesota..
Austria .....
Bourbon .
Russia......+
France..
Mexico.....
Switzerland. oc
Italy... 0
Spain...
New Jersey...
New York....
Oregon........
Virginia
Mississippi... .

Connecticut ..........

New Hampshire

IGE SO .oo05oc05 aoa nae n6D

Florida...
Austria .....
Russia......
Russia...
Texas.....
Mexico .......
Australia .....
California..
Norway

New York.....
Ohio..

Tiere,
Massachusetts |.
Orkney Islands..

Minnesota.. nbckdosdoen

West Indies..
Texas..........-
Spain........
California..
Mexico ........
Michigan......
Costa Rica....
Mexico ........
Washington ....
ANTS) WIEY 5 Sponpoacn
Mexico
California...
Mexico....
Mexico....

ING Sietenteeteleselersiiseistesta

California .............
Waliforniaiecseer-e-i-==

California .............

New Mexico..
Mexico.........
Mexico....
Chili.

Spain...

Spain ..........
New York.. oa
Russia .. aco
Smeumeniaiail oc
Michigan........
Minnesota.....

Michigan .............

Georgia ....--..0. sees
(CIM pon cposa nen osscanace

Latitude.

55° 4 N

is)
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAM AAA Ay aA aA aA i ie

ial

24 ZAABAAAAN AAA

Longitude
rom

Greenwich.

44gaaehargahebacgacageage Paneer agnae

EEEEECCEE

a23484°

a\_SIFRES Ssisgsisigigl SE

<

Height
above
the sea.

bo [ool \)
ommonrIwoowoort

i

Serial No. in
zone.

37

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

6 3 (c)
140 and 148
319 and 320
40
77
316 and 320
41
90
137 and 138
6 and 8
229 and 237
372
344 and 349
115
190, 223 & 227
28
120
102
261 and 267
276 and 277
6 and 8
11 and 14
324 and 326
235%
235
13 and 15
7

72 and 77
11 and 12

21, 25 & 26
6 and 8
118
12 and 13
12
13 and 16

44 and 46
6 and 8
7

31
333 and 335
350 and 354
226 and 227
234
257 and 273
115 and 116

129 (a), 131 &
128 and 129

4,16 & 20
6 and 14

=

roel wo}

be
Kee eae POCO ONHUN PRONE OHA EE Wes

i

1, 32,71 & 73

38

Name of station.

WINDS OF

DAW. wscesspeaces <enidos

Saybrook .
Saybrook ......
Schaffhausen .
Schenectady

Scheendorff............

Schoonthal ..
Schessl .....
Schuls...
Schussenreid ....
Schwarzenburg
SCHWYZ » cee ces ce scceee

Scourie..........
Scuppernong..
Seaville.......
Sebastopol ...

petepare.-
Selimeh..
Selma .... scenoce
Semipalatinsk ..
Senftenberg...
Seneca Falls...
Sennar........
Sennett ..
Sergeantsville.
Seringapatam..
Setif... conc
Sevastopol ..

(See Sebastopol. )
Seville...
Seville..
Seville...

Sewickleyville, ee

Shamokin ..
Shanghae ....
Sharonville...........
Shawneetown........
Shelburne.............
Shelburne....
Shelby Bay..
Shelbyville...
Sherburne.............
Sheriff’s Harbor...
Shirleysburg ...
Shreveport ...... aces
Shurukhs..
Sialkote....

Sidmouth ....
Sidney ........
Silkeborg

Silver Lake.. moa
Silver Springs . eerteee
Simferopol ...........

Simplon
Singapore.
Sing-Sing..

Sioux City .. oes

5 Sir Daria, Valley of
Sisterdale . cane
Sisterville..
Sitka.
Siwah ..
Skaarupgaard..
Skagen...

Skara........ es ane

Connecticut.

Switzerland..
New York....
Saxony ....-
Bohemia...
Bohemia

Wurtemberg ...
Switzerland..
Switzerland..
OHIO Rass s =~ as
Scotland.. ee
North Carolina -
New Jersey...
Russia
Bohemia....

a | India.....

Nubia ....
Alabama...
Siberia......
Bohemia...
New York..
Nubia .......
New York....
New Jersey..
TAT iwrew eis ccexe

Florida.

Ohio..

Spain . eae
Pennsylvania se
Pennsylvania..
China ...

Ohio..

Illinois shariend on
New Hampshire
Vermont.. 3
Bermuda...
Indiana.....
New York.....
Boothia Felix..
Pennsylvania..
Louisiana.......
Turkestan..
India........
Minnesota..
England....
Ohionseea-o-
Denmark..
England.......
Switzerland . on
Pennsylvania..
Pennsylvania 60

Switzerland . F
India.. mane
New York. co:
Abyssinia.....
Switzerland....
TOW Bin tscinverdeste
Turkestan..

| Texas..

| Virginia ...

Egypt...
Devaar ‘

Denmark ..

State or country.

Treland a... .s<scocuaase

COHiG aeeseetenciccelss sles

Switzerland...........

A ZOrIAs ces cuvcerees ons

Russian Americ ica...

laedemimecsgaec ae. cee

Latitude.

41

18
48
42
48

b
AAAAA Aad Z Za

54° 49/

ZAAAAAAZAAA AAAAAAwAaArAA 224s

AAAAAAA AAAAAZAAAAAAAAAAZ

THE GLOBE.

Longitude Height
from | above
Greenwich. |the sea.

“Io

Serial No, in
zone.

33
266 and 267
129
188 and 196
216 and 227
194
199 and 204
200 and 204
272 and 273
283
198 and 237
219 and 237
114 and 115
27
145
155
382 and 385
332 and 334

207 and 208

167 and 168
25

186 and 187

247 and 248
33

202

121
129
185 and 190
144
195 and 196
189

/ 109

93

| 276 and 277

251 and 252

276 and 277
89

186(d) &186(h)
75

125 and 126

| 124 and 125

59 (a)
62 and 66

| 267 and 273

188 and 190
195 and 196
383, 384 & 385

| 193
| 245 and 248

241 and 248
69 and 70

373
15

116 and 117
1]

72

59 (c)

51 and 60
at

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

bo

DER OR Ee EER ee ee oR HY

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS. 39

Longitude
from
Greenwich.

Height
above
the sea.

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

Name of station. State or country. Latitude. Serial No. in

zone.

Skeneateles.... New York....... 43° 0/ N. | 76°30! W. 187

Skudesnaes.
Slaadberg..
Slieve Donard .
| Slieve League...
Slieve Snaght .......
f Sloansville ...........
Slobodsk...
Slogarie....

Smidstrup ..........-
Smithfield.............
Smithfield.............
Smithsonian Inst’n.
Smithport ............
Smithville ............
Smithville ..
Smolensk ...

} Smyrna
Snowville ...
Socorro.......
Soendmor.
Solathurn ..
Sombrero Island -
Somerset ..
Somerset ....
Somerville ..
Sonoma ...
Soria.. 20
Source “of. the ‘Des

[ Moines.

South Alabama
South Bend...........
South Bethlehem...

f South Cairne
South Edmeston....

f South Hartford
Southland.............
South Pass.. pateo
Southport ...........+
South Thomaston...
South Trenton.......
Southwest Harbor...
Southwick ..........+

i Southwick............
Spanish Ranche
Sparta... eles
Speke’ 8 Station.
Spenceértown ..
Spiceland ........
Splugen.........
Springdale
Springfield
Springfield ....
Springfield ....
Springfield ....
Springfield...
Springfield ....
Springfield ...
Spring Hill....

i Spring Hill............

i Spring Hill College.
Springvale............
Springville....
Spydburg.....
Stafford......
SEN Bison copacoe
Stanbridge....
Standish...
Stanislau ..
Stanitza..
(Alexandrovskaya. )

Norway ....-...
Spitzbergen...
Treland.........
Treland ...
Treland....

Russia.....
Seotland..
Scotland
Bohewia....
Denmark ...
Ohio..

Virginia ...
Washington, Dy ice
Pennsylvania..

New Vous dae

Ohio.........
Russia .........
Asia Minor....
Virginia .......
New Mexico..
Norway..

Siriliaanerne. once eacisse

West Indies..
Cape York

Pennsylvania........

New York.......
California ..

PALM ewctenclacsi=- fences

New York.............
IRDGINGHERY ecg adodoneca dco

Pennsylvania..
Scotland

New York..
New York....
New Zealand..
Tilinois..
Wisconsin ; 0806
Maine..........
New Jersey...
Maine ..........

England ............+

Massachusetts .
California....
Georgia.....
Ethiopia ....
New York..
Indiana .....
Saiteuiendie
Kentucky ..
Alabama..
Illinois ....

Massachusetts --

Missouri ..
Ohio......
Texas.....
Vermont....
Arkansas...
Kansas...
Alabama
Wisconsin ...
New York....
Norway .........
Connecticnt ....
Switzerland ....
Canada.
Maine ..
Mstriant Gancune
Russia .

8
29
12
39
12
42
35
59

’
11
46
20

AAA AAA A hhh hhh

‘ParenrereeeeeeeeeAeA AAAs

Aa a

4
14

47
41
55
42
20
30

“37

ra
ASTON TSOIWMOMWWS

| 142 and 143

50

13

33

33

23 and 25
227
109 and 111

51

202 and 204
58
129

137 and 138
161 and 162
202 and 209
129
223
209
120
40 and 42
25
206 and 237
18 and 17

(SS)

a
BENWPAND ROG PR Ore e

ee

39
142,143 & 144
122
17
348 and 349
74

160
111
196
33
187
227
64 and 66
90 and 91
100 1
311
187 1

311 9
93 and 94 47
259 and 260
15
127 and 128
26
227
101
254 and 273
106 and 107
115
91
259 and 260

I

I
SP EE EEE OP Ee Ree

104 and 106

100

150 and 160
54

iss)

267

266 and 273
70 and 71

309

349 and 350

-I

bo

PRE po

390

@)

1,5 and 8
land 3

14 and 137
1

land 9

@)

40

Name of station.

Siang cccn--ceee concerns
Stapleton..

Star City ....

State Hospital .
Statesville ..
Staunton

Stavropol .

Steubenbach .
Steubenville...
Stevensville... aces
Stobo Castle....
Stockholm ...
Stockton..

Stockton..

Stone Lighthouse .
Stonyhurst............
Stony Point..
Storkiro........
Stornoway ....
Strassburg ....
Stratford
Stratford......
Stratham .....
Strathfield Turgiss..
Streatly Vicarage...
Strehla.. ”
Stribling Springs.
Stronvar..
Stroudsburg co
Sturbington ....
Stuttgard../..-.....-
Stykkisholm .........
Subath wecscce\serees
Suez..........
Suffern’s

Sugar Grove..........
Sugar Island .........
Sukkur........
Summerville .
MMM tereeeec soe eeeiees
Summit Hill.
euberion senaene
Surry...

Sursee......
Susquehanna Depot
Swansea ............0
Sweaborg.....
Sween Island.
Sweet Water Bridge
SyaMees secs
Sydney .. -
Syevernaja ¥ Ferma..
Sykesville...

SHED cocepeane
Syracuse..
Tabreez......
Taganrog ....

Daw Leeecee ec As
Taimurland ..........

Tamarack..........+.-
Tamatave...
Tambof....
Tammela....
Tampa Bay..
Tampico

Tamworth ....
Tananarivou ..

SD HOB astenstecaess cs ae
ED AM Bienersinxdinssiaeewsclece

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

State or country.

Switzerland ........

New York....
Nevada.

Pennsylva ADIA.. 0.00

North Carolina

Wirgimia<..-2-..---=-0
| Russia

Sweden...
Prussia.
Maine .....
Bohemia..
Ohio..

P. anusylvania
Scotland..
Sweden.....
California
Missouri .....
Germany....

| England

California...
Finland
Scotland...
France....

England ...............

New Hampshire
New Hampshire

England .........-2.-:-

England ...
Saxony ....
Virginia ..
Scotland .......
Pennsylvania :
England .. a
Waurtemberg
Iceland.. 4
Hindoostan.

Egypt ........0+.
New York........

Pennsylvania........

Michigan ........
India...
Georgia...
Wisconsin........
Pennsylvania.
Wisconsin
Virginia
Switzerland. 5
Pennsylvania a
Wales..

Finland. as
Australia ....

New South iWales.

Russia ..
Maryland .. .

Persia ..
Russia ..

Society Islands .
Bibariagenccrecsass ose

Minnesota ..........+.

Madagascar .
IRTSBIAyaccaseee
Finland..
Florida...
Mexico ....

New Hampshire. ae

Madagascar...

New Mexico..........
IDEM Aiecrstesiecssecloss

Latitude.

46° 57’ N.
| 40

40
40
35
38

| 44

65
53

39
30
15
30

8
43

0
25

25
45
37
20
57

2
51

of 3 ¢ : b ry
ZAM AAAAAM Eee oaeeZAAAne MAAwweeeesyz Bees AaA AAAs Bee ce seen stec:

Longitude
from
Greenwich.

8° 20/E.

6
‘

119
76
80
79
41
17
12
67
13
80
76

3
18

93

2
45

4
30
40
30

6
38

Sah S442!

42°24

Bib Rabo oee

W.
W.
Ww.
W.
W.

aaah 244

PMdahdddeagn 44hrae

mar aas

the sea.|

|
Height’ N
above |

BH

a

ray
AMDOTMSOMDMNMOSDMOMsIS

oO.
of
zone.

Serial No. in
zone.

213 and 237
243

40
196
124
119
387
22
192 (a)
313 and 314
328 and 350
126 and 129
190
49
85, 86,87 & 90
21 and 26
81
162 and 173
72 and 80
17
39 and 42
26
162 and 165
82 and 94
276 and 277
281
105 and 118
103 and 118

130 and 133
282

202 and 209
100
196

52 and 53
143
208 and 237

146 and 148
71

95
130 and 131
207
173 and 187
218
363
7
23

49
35 and 36

230 (a)
| 47

46 aud 50
7

| 281

34 and 36

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

1, 5 and 31
1

7
10 and 68
1 :

47 (?)
7 and 17

SERIES A.

Name of station.

| Uten Je Wt seo5.so5censoo
Taranaki..

} Tarentum ...
Mayranty....--
f Tarsus...

Taschkent.
) Taunton ........
Taylorsville ..
Taymouth .....
f Teflis. Corr Tiflis. »)
i Tegernsee..
Tehran e606
Teneriffe ...
Terceira ...

The Glen...

Theresa...

The Rock..

Thetford .....

: Thirlestane Castle.
Thomasville..
Thomson .....
Thornbury...
Thornhill
Thorshavn
Throg’s Neck..
Thunder Bay Island

H Thurston........

Tickfaw ...
Tiflis..
Timbuetoo ..
Tinghai..
Tigers ee
Tiskilwa........

} Titicaca Lake.
Tobolsk.........
Toledo....
Tomas...
Tomsk...
Tongue..
Topeka... 0
Topsham ..
Topsfield.....

j Tornaveen ...
Toronto..
Toronto..

f Tortugas Island.

Toulouse.....
Tovar (Colonia)...
Towanda..

H Townsendville(Lodi)
Trappe....
Travers- lest Sioux:
Trebizonde..
Trenton.......
Trenton ...

Trieste......

} Trincomalee.
Trinity .. 28080

} Trinity College

f Trinity Gask.........
PBB ossacoeb

| Trogen..
Tromsoe ..

j Trout Run Valley...
Troy .....0

} Troy .... ee

State or country.

Latitude.

Ireland.

New Zealand

France..
Spain...

Pennsylvania. pocenocn

Texas .
Asia Minor.
Denmark...

Central Asia..........
Massachusetts.......

Kentucky ....

arate aos snceoedee se

Bavaria..
Persia.

Canary ii, ee 3

Azores.
Texas.....
Scotland ...
New York..
Georgia.....
England ....
Scotland...
Georgia...
Georgia ..

North Carolia: Be

Georgia.. 7
Faroe amd.
New York
Michigan ..
Scotland
Switzerland ....
Louisiana...
Russia..
Soudan, NtRGa.
China ..

Pennsylvania. bosa

Illinois..

Peru and Balin ae

Siberia ..
ONG) oesconce
Nubia.......
Siberia......
Scotland....
Kansas..
Maine ..

iWieaseabmNcts onedora

Scotland
Canada ..
Missouri.
Florida...
Russia....
France......
Venezuela ....
Pennsylvania..
New York.......
Pennsylvania..
Minnesota.......
Asia Minor....
Missouri

New Jersey..

TEARS Gong ccocan oc00c0

Illyria
Ceylon ......

Louisiana.............

North Carolina

Sto IER SVG) Aho deteco obenan
Northern Africa.....
Switzerland ..........

Norway.......+
Virginia...
New York..

Oni ke os

6 June, 1874.

15 N

1540 1658,

2 2D

45
45

5 30
30

38
39
54
37
58
36
26
47
57
13
20
25
2
14
46
39
34
37
45
5 20
2 51
25
39
30
44

Longitude
from
Greenwich.

]
Height!

above

the sea.)

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS.

Serial No. in
zone.

41

Reference to
authority in §
Appendix.

6°13/ W.

174
4

5
79
95
34
8
66
71

5 E.
26 E.
401W.
19 W.
34 W.
44
39
56

9
15

1

47

0 52

45

683 to 70W.

68
83
32
85

4
95
70
71

79
92

18 E.
36 W.
12 KE.
10 E.
25
39
0
57

44

90 (a)
131 and 138
186 and 190
143 and 144

398 (w)
299 and 300
107

43

296 and 301
220
71
170 and 174
20
49
209
151 and 132
91 and 94
49
132
127 and 128
144 and 145
132
21
243
65
49
253 and 273
89
392, 393
29
190
162
104
14
118
125
29
121
27
71
309
296
39
131, 132 & 133
81

12 and 14

| 100 and 103

361 and 362
9 and 12

190

186 and 187

245 and 248
278
321 and 323
40 and 41
86 and 87
124
43
173
255 and 273
18
125 and 126
226 and 227
125

26
137
11
29

~I
CES eS gt a ee te eS

16, 20, 38, 65 |
88 [66

1
1

84

14, 16 & 20
1

(Se)

=
bo
te aC ee re ne

i)

42 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

|
Longitude | Height
Latitude, from | above

Reference to
Serial No. in authority in

Name of station. State or country.

Greenwich. | the sea.

Troy Hill...

¥ Truckee.....
Truro.....
Truro.....
Truxillo ....
Tschermoski.
Mtn b2 eereseess see
Tuggurt..
Tula..

Tunis.

Turin.. z
Turkey River..
Turks Island..
Turner’s Point.
Tuscaloosa

Tuscumbia............
Tuskeegee .......02 06

Tuspan.....-.-
Tutlingen..
Tutuila.......
Twinsburg ..
Udine ..

Udskoi Ostrog Seen

Uetliberg ..
Ui ee
Uffenheim..
Uleaborg...
Umea..
Unalakleet ..
Union . peeac
Union Bridge. a
Union Hill...

Union Ranche Gomsods
Union Springs.......
Uniontown ............

Uniontown...

Unionville ............

University Place
Upernavik
Up Park Camp

Upper Alton..........

Upper Glencroe

Urbana.
Urga..
Ustsysolsk
Ustyansk...

Utrecht...
Vacaville.
Valencia....
Valladolid ....
Valley Forge ...
Valognes.......
Valparaiso....
Valparaiso ....
Valsainte...
Vardo....
Varo..

Vasa (Laichelay oat

Vassalboro ..
Vaudens.....
Venado......
Vendome ...
Vera Cruz...
Verdun......
WEEE ecocnsense

Vernon Springs......
Versailles .............

Wesoulisac.c-cce

WOVBYnces-ccncnc0ss se

Tunbridge Wells...

Pennsylvania........
poy LO} bb fol 0) F Somer eer

| Englana .......
| Massachasetts ....--.

Honduras.....

RUSSIA etensiaeas veseean
AYTIZONA .... ee eeocen eee

Algeria....
Russia
England ..
Barbary
Sardinia ...
TO Waliccwexciax
Bahamas..
Moxa Saerancsee
Alabama ....
Missouri
Alabama. ....
Mexico..
Wirtemburg...

Nevigntr'e: 3 Island..

Ohio..

Italy .
See x
Switzerland..
Russia..
Bavaria me
Russia ....
Sweden.
Alaska....
Missouri
Maryland...
Texas....

California ........00...

New York...
Alabama....
Pennsylvania
(Ol) eaepeascnde
Tennessee...
Greenland ..
Jamaica
Illinois ....
Scotland ..
Sweden....
Russia ..

Ohio..
Mongolia ..

Sivan: se aieen eek Sueltee
NewsYorkiwesscs-esrses

Holland....
California .

Pennsyivania

France ..
@hiliee..-=
Indiana
Switzerland .
Norway ......
Finland....
Finland..
Maine
Switzerland.

WAGE 30 ohieen sen ceoe-Ooro

Yranceraccscseee
Mexico ..
France
Spain...
Towle ccs
Frauce...
France...

LETTE NTEA Secon aneeer ere

40° 30/
25
17

N.
N.
N.
N.
54 N.
N
N
N
N

1,

:

r) b r) r) U) b
ZAAAAARAAAAAAAAANAAAABABAAAAAAAAA AA

AA AAAAAAAAAAAZAASPAAAA

80° 0/7 W.
120

2 W.
5
30

43

MMgadeddaa Sa4ea0 PRR BRR sah adda darren a as

grighhrg

Petey a
ce)

De caer
lor)

BRSSh ar ehqrenn
pe

o
oO
a

zone,

Appendix

143 and 144
14 and 15
122 and 126

303
13
132 (a)
24 and 28
170
229
117 and 118
204
305
89
18
68
110 and 111
80
113 and 115
7

281
4
129
309
245
192 and 196
240
289 and 297

14 and 18
90 and 91
43
84, 87 and 90
236
124 and 125
374
64 (a)
25
184 and 187
150 and 151
19
192 and 196
345 and 349
196
101 and 110
20

111

200 and 237
19 and 42
40
38 and 42

311

197 and 237

i
111 and 113
10
143 and 148
342 and 343
89
115 and 118
157 and 161
101

a
el ee eo

and 9

10 and 127
20 and 65
i
5
126
4
1 and 3
21, 28 & 39
1

29
29

i maT
RGR ORD A ONDE BIRR LHS

be

—

SERIES A. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF STATIONS. 43

en .
Longitude | Height b Reference to §
Name of station. State or country. Latitude. from | above Serial No. in authority in
Greenwich. thesea, b zone. Appendix.

\ EHS Sa osegcnceacconss || IME Eheosers conpoacnacce. |p Bkse ea
Vicksburg .. .. | Mississippi.. «- | 32 22
Victoria .. Mexico ..... .. | 24 10
Victoria Peak, Hong- (nt cecrcce ceoacoceo one |) ZA 1lY/
(Kong.

Victoria Harbor Boothia Felix......... | 70

|| NAIGIEITES cosatcecoecaccs || SINE NTE) cossomcedece || OP
} Vienna .... coco: || AMEE docon | 48

N. | 49°50’ E. me 108 and 110 16
N a
N
N
N
N
N.
y Vienna. Virginia w- | 38 N.
N
N
N.
N
N.
N
N

98 and 99 1
7 68
ScoKCOS Be 137

2

9 103

87 1

336 and 337 21, 22 and 28
126 1
30 14
346 and 349 29

Villa.. sveeeesee | Norway...... 608 Hale
f Villaviciosa .. SPalleeseectescececese-
H Vilna. (See Wilna.)
Sivan ale Haven. cesses ||) Maines. .cesaccesccttes
} Vineland.............. | New Jersey.
; Vineland .. coso |) OMA NGcons

Padad 2Par4q F<

conse |) JANE Cagcgadacesacooeo 0
Vladikavkas. “See

H ROOTS ae y

§ Viadimir.. RUWSSiaessecteeeeceiewsiees N. i ace 98 and 103
Vlissengen... Holland.............4.. 5 N. 7 O00 144 and 151

# Vologda. (See Wo-

logda.)
Voro. Ce Varo.)
Voronesch .. nooo |} TRISTE co gecidoboodoooces
f Wabasha.. -- | Minnesota..
Vive Onosecesee pees | Lexasi-. ;

: Sandwich’ Islands.

f Wakefield..... England .. poecO

} Wake Forest College North Carolina .

) Waldron... 5 Arkansas..

Wales .. sesso | New York......
Wallingford .. sses-ee+-- | Connecticut...
Walnut Grove....... | Tennessee...
Walnut Hills......... | Indiana....
Waltham.............5 Massachusetts...

j Wampsville.......... | New York..
Wanlockhead........ | Scotland
Wanship.............. | Utah.......

j BMapella .... | Illinois..

Warren .. .... | Maine...... Bestnts

f Warren.......-..0.0.00+ Pennsylvania.

Warrensburg... .... | Missouri..

y Warrenton .... | Missouri . BB 600

Warrenton ..-- | North (Conia

} Warrington........... | Florida..

Warrior’s Mark Pennsylvania. =
Warsaw ... .... | Ilinois....
Warsaw ...... ... | Poland....

} Wartburg............. | Hungary ....

| Washington.......... | Arkansas..
Washington.......... | District of Columbia,
Washington.......... | lowa . gcoccanes6
Washington.......... Mississippi............ |

} Washington.......... See a |
Washington.......... | Tennessee..

f Washington.......... | Texas ..
Waterburgh.......... | New York......
Waterbury... 3000 Connecticut ..
Waterford.... .. | New York...
Waterford.... .. | Wisconsin ..

} Waterloo sce || LOUKOE Sooscabe

} Waterloo ..... .... | lowa.. Michenlees
Watertown... 500d Massachusetts .. :
Watertown Wisconsin ............
Watertown Arsenal | New York...
Waterville............ | New York
Watervliet... .. | New York

} Watsonville.......... | California...
Waukegan..... Illinois ......
Waukesha... Wisconsin ..

; + | Lowa.....-00- cee
Waupaca.............. | Wisconsin ............

230
77 and 87
69
2
75 and 80
145
81
160
265(a) & 267
112

Fle AZ
[mr}
co

101
291 and 296
186 and 187
49
48
107
311
138
80
87
144 and 145
120
166 and 167
and 102

4248555884555"

7

ee

Tht Yt ht a th a th
BE REEDED HOH EE EE Oe ee ORE Eee ee Oe ee eT EOP Ee OW Re ep

221 and 227
29

107

96,97, 99 & 100
89

4444444444444444444444eEre9e4qe4ee:

97°

ZA ah hh tt

OF THE GLOBE.

44 WINDS
Longitude
Name of station. State or country. Latitude. from
Greenwich.
Wausan ............... | Wisconsin .... 9’ N. | 89° 40/ W.
Wautona.. Wisconsin .... ?
Waverly... Illinois......... 5 N. | 90 12 W.
Waverly...... New York....... N. | 76 30 W.
Waynesboro.......... | Pennsylvania.. 3 N.| 77 28 W.
Waynesville... LINC SPs agreroconptorce 5 N.| 89 7 W.
Waynesville ......... | Missouri......... NBER Vio
H Webberville.......... | Texas ..... 4 N.| 97 34 W.
Webster ............... | Maine .......... N.| 70 4 W.
Weimar ............... | Saxe Weimar......... N. | 11 20 E.
Weissensleim ....... Switzerland ..... N. fe 37 49%
Welchfield ... Qhiows ester as 5 N.| 81 12 W.
Wellington... New Zealand... cc 8. |174 45 E.
Wellington... Ohio.. des N. | 81 13 W.
Wellsboro’ . Pennsylvania... 2 N.| 77 20 W.
Wellsburg ~ (Cross Virginia ... 0 N. | 80 41 W.
Creek. =
Wellsville .. es | IN@W WOrK.cc.css<cleeeul 22 anal See G IVE
Wenersborg .. ... | Sweden... 58 23 N.| 12 20 E.
West Barre .......... | Ohio..... 41 40 N.} 83 40 W.
West Bedford ....... | Ohio..... 40 18 N.} 82 1 W.
} West Brunswick ... | Virginia ... 36 40 N.| 77 46 W.
West Chester........ | Pennsylvania. 39 59 N.| 75 35 W.
West Concord........ | New York...... 43 0N.| 79 OW.
West Cornwall ...... Connecticut ... 41 50 N.| 73 21 W.
Wiest Day. cececcec-cser, | INOW) YONK een e-):.22es) || Some O)BINGI|| el ONS VVis
West Dennis... Massachusetts....... | 41 40 N. | 70 11 W.
West Enfield .. New Hampshire..... | 43 30 N.| 72 0 W.
Westeras.. Sweden. s. | 09 30 N.] 16°32 E,
Western Academy.. Indian Tervitory .. | 39 0 N. | 94 41 W.
} Western Star Ohio.. eases 41 4N.| 80 40 w.
Westervik .... Sweden . 57 45 N.] 16 35 E.
| Westerville... Ohio 40 4 N.] 83 10 W.
West Fairlee ... Vermont.. 43 55 N. | 72 15 W.
Westfield........ Massachusetts.......|42 6 N. | 72 48 W.
West Green........... North Carolina ...... 36 6 N.| 79 45 W.
West Haverford..... | Pennsylvania........|40 0 N.| 75 21 W.
West Newton........ | Massachusetts ....... | 42 22 N.| 71 16 W.
Weston...... Wireiniaineverseose-res 38 57 N. | 80 23 W.
West Point New York. 41 22 N.| 73 57 W.
Westport.... Treland..... 53 50 N.| 9 37 W.
Westport.............. | Missouri 39 ON. | 94 40 W.
iWest/Salern\.--.-...... | lllimois...c-nece-cees 38 30 N.| 88 0 W.
| West Stockbridge... | Massachusetts....... | 42 18 N.] 73 18 W.
Westtown............. | Pennsylvania........ | 39 57 N.| 75 43 W.
West Urbana. bee)! | CLIDINOIS so enaceeeesie< el | LO OMN en | SSI mye
West Union.......... | Iowa ..... 42 58 N.| 91 50 W.
West Union. Ohio........ 38 47 N. | 83 28 W.
Westville . .-. | Mississippi ... 31 52 N.| 90 O W.
West Waterville... Maine ......... 44 30 N.| 69 45 W.
West Wood.. Virginia ... Be eae NG || ih Bip Vie
Wet-au-Glaize «.. ... | Missouri... 38 6 N.| 92 17 W.
Wewokaville......... | Alabama... 5 33 20 N. | 86 (?) W.
Wexio... Sweden............. 56 53 N.| 14 48 E.
Weyauwega... : Wisconsin ............ 45 15 N.| 88 50 W.
j Weybridge Heathen . | England .. : 51 21 N. 0 31 W.
Weymouth... Massachusetts: 42 10 N.| 71 OW.
Wheaton...... Illinois... 41 49 N./ 88 6 W.
aE Virginia ..... 40 7 N.| 80 42 w.
Wheelock . Vexasin... 30 55 N.! 96 27 W.
White Day... Virginia ... 39 32 N./ 80 4 W.
White Earth Reserv. Minnesota.... -.. | 47 50 N.| 95 35 W.
Whitefield .. ... | New Hampshire..... | 44 20 N.| 71 15 W.
Whitehead island. Maine .. reese teal eo) Ole NS AGO aeo aw
White Island....... | New Hampshire pace 42 58 N.| 70 37 W.
White Mountains ... | New Hampshire..... 44 15 N.| 71 16 W.
(Mt. Washington. )
White Plains New York....... 41 2N.!/ 73 47 w.
White Sea... LO EE Choarenansicehenstnc: |l@mOsaeaareess (ll ket ssn-s
Whitesboro’ . . | Iowa.. | 41 38 N.| 95 40 W.
White-boro’ (Oneida New York.. seseseseeee | 43 7 N.| 75 21 W.
Institute).
32 4 N./ 81 5 W.

y Whitemarsh Island

Georgian cc senccsss ccs

Height
above

the sea.

1205
90

2000
1200

400

450

No. Reference to
of Serial No. in authority in
zone zone. Appendix.
10 84, 85 & 86 1
10 100° 1
11 91 1
10 160 1
11 127 1
10 1¢9 1
i 81 1
12 62 1
10 309 1
8 184 and 190 40
9 | 205 and 237 72
10 128 and 129 1
27 81 and 82 34
10 129 1
10 162 i
10 144 1
10 160 1
7 65 10
10 | 125 1
10 128 and 129 1
11 143 9
11 =| 151 1,8 and9
10 160 1
10 266 and 267 7
TO WE Eoceronas al
10 303 1
10 | 276 and 277 i
7 83 10
11 71 1
10 129 1
7 81 10
10 129 1
10 256 it
10 259 and 260 il
11 124 i
10 195 and 196 1
10 296 1
ast 117 : 1
10 | 237 and 243 2
8 35 and 39 25
11 80 1
unt 92 and 93 1
10 259 and 260 1
11 132 and 151 land 8
10 108 and 109 1
10 89 1
11 109 1
12 | 102 1
10 311 1
11 143 1
11 81 1
12 110 and 111 1
if 72 10
9 97 1
8 108 and 118 13
10 295 and 296 1
10 | 106 and 107 1
10 144 1
12 72 1
11 iy 1
4) 42 1
10 =| 277 if
10 «| dll 9
10 281 i
10 | 274 and 277 57
10 243 68
5 62 57 (2)
10 72 1
10 | 183 and 187 3
12 | 131 and 132 and 9

SERIES A.

Name of station.

State or country.

H Whittlesey...

; Wan
# Wildhause......
} Wilkensville...

{ Wilson .

¢ Winthrop ..
# Wirt Court House
H Wisbech..

d WASDY. ene sce0en

Wick.

Wilkesbarre..........
Williamsburg........
Williamsburg........
Williamsport.........
(Pickaway Co.)
Williamsport.........
(Morrow Co.)
Williamsport.........
Williamstown .......
Willow Creek........
Wilmington..........
Wilmington....
Wilna......
Wilson..

Winchester ....
Winuchester.....
Windham ....
Windsor ....
Winnamac....
Winnebago......
Winowkupa....
Winterberg.....
Winnipeg...
Winter eleva 5
Winterthur .

Witenewo..

/ Wiadtizanizas 6 a

Wolfville.

! Wytherile...

| Yellow Springs

Wladimir. ( Sp,
Vladimir. )

Wologda.........
Woltschansk ...
Woodbine.......
Woodboro’....

Woodlawn...

Wood’s Hole.........
Woodstock......
Woodstock...
Woodstown.
Wooster
Worcester..... c00
Worthing.............
Worthington ....

j Wurtzburg............

Muyandotte City.....
Wyanet.......
Wyborg.

Yacoutsk..
Yankton.......
Yankeetown..
Yan Yean......
Yarensk
Yarkund.. nae
Yazoo City. se de0'eco6c0

i Yellsville...

) York Factory...

Yester .......
Yokohama..
York..
York..

.Tennessee....

Wisconsin ..........+.
Scotland
Canada........
Switzerland.. ae
South Carolina......
Pennsylvania........
Maine fetaeee ce sieerics sions
Virginia ...
OhiOne-----<

OMI onece osbccoossesnoa0

Pennsylvania........
Massachusetts.......
LAOS igscaccosapecpon
Delaware
Vermont......
Russia.. Benton
North Carolina! eesicen
New York..

England

Virginia......
Maine....
Nova Scotia..
Indiana.......
Illinois.....
Labrador ..
Bohemia...............
Hudson’s Bay 1 Terr. me
Arctic Ocean.........
Switzerland..........
WHER) opccencoo
Virginia ...
England...
Sweden....
Russia...... nee
IUUSSdieccteceieccivesiocsieee

Nova Scotia..........
IB YHIEEN Boao eooden coo no000
Russia....
Iowa .....
Texas .....
Maryland... 050
Massachusetts ..

Ulin ois eeese=eee-eesees
Vermont......
New Jersey
OO esedeecernes bod
Massachusetts. Boe bod
England ..
Pennsylvania.. o0
Bavarlaiecessceecs
Kansas .....
Illinois...
Denmark..
Virginia ....
Siberia......
Dakota...
Ohi ocessscas
Australia...
Russia..
China
Mississippi...
(OU soeganco 0000
Arkansas .....
Scotland ......
Japan...
England .. oon nng0I000
Penngylvania ..
Hudson’s Bay Terr.

Latitude.
46° 33/ N.
58 28 N.
43 20 N.
47 12 N.
34 50 N.
41 14 N.
45 21 N.
37 17 *N.~
39 37 N.
40 45 N.
41 19 N.
42 43 N.
41 45 N.
39 41 N.
42 53 N.
54 41 N.
35 41 N.
43 20 N.
51 4N.
35 12 N.
oo LD Ne
43 49 N.
44 59 N.
41 7 N.
42 17 N.
2
49 3 N.
49 52 N.
66 11 N.
47 30 N.
44 19 N.
ey) BING
52 41 N.
57 37 N.
2
43 2 N.
45 6N.
59 14 N.
DOM mone
2
33 47 N.
39) 39) N.
41 34 N.
42 20 N.
43 36 N.
39 39 N.
40 49 N.
42 16 N.
50 47 N.
40 52 N.
49 46 N.
ae) 3) ING
40 30 N.
56 34 N.
36 55 N.
62 1N.
42 51 N.
40 ON.
37 36 8.
62 7 N.
37 15 N.
32 55 N.
39 45 N.
36 14 N.
55 54 N.
30 27 N.
53 58 N.
39 58 N.
57 N.

Longitude

from
Greenwich.
91° 0/ W.
3.6 W«.
81 36 W.
9 20 EH.
81 36 W.
75 56 W.
68 55 W.
76 40 W.
83 7 W.
80 45 W.
77 #5 W.
73 13 W.
89 5 W.
75 28 W.
72 47 W.
25 28 EH.
77 47 W.
78 56 W.
1 52 W.
86 WwW.
78 10 W.
70 17 W.
64 7 W.
86 45 W.
89 11 W.
9
13 44 E.
97 Ww.
83 10 W.
8 50 EH.
69 59 W.
81 26 W.
0 10 E,
18 26 E.
ie
44 41 E.
64 25 W.
40 345.
37 2 #E.
?
96 36 W.
76 4 W.
70 37 W.
88 30 W.
72 35 W.
75 25 W.
81 59 W.
71 48 W.
0 22 W.
79 39 W.
9 54 E.
94 20 W.
89 45 W.
9 18 HE.
81 0 W.
129 44 E.
97 31 W.
84 32 W.
145 7 &E.
49 23 E.
75 E.
90 31 W.
83 50 W.
92 40 W.
2 44 Wz.)
139 40 E.
1 5 W.
76 40 W.
92 26 W.

ALPHABETICAL LIST

Height
above
the sea.

44
39

95
370

285

1000
420
“50

OF STATIONS.

No.
of Serial No. in
zone zone,
9 52 and 53
7 36
10 | 130
9 | 250 and 273
12 | 138
10 | 190
9 76
11 143
11 | 109
10 =| 129
10 | 162
10 | 257 and 260
10 104
11 147
10 | 256
8 | 219
11 || 145
10 | 160
8 96 and 118
11 104
11 | 125 and 126
10 300 and 309
10 | 316, 317 & 319
10 =| 111
10 =| 104
8 17
9 | 329 and 330
9 58
5 )
9 | 194 and 196
10 | 309
11 | 116 and 117
8 86 and 94
7 88
7 | 106
10 | 391 (0)
9 83 and 84
7 96 and 103
8 || 228
10 72
12 67
11 | 131
10 | 302 and 303
10. | 107
10° | 255 and 256
11 | 155
10 =| 129
10 | 290, 295 & 296
8 | 131 and 133
10 | 144
9 | 286, 287 & 297
iat ‘71
10 | 104
7 59
11 | 120
6 67
10 62
10 | 125
26 79
6 64
11 | 224
12 99
11 | 109
11 78
7 49
11 228 (a)
8 77 and 80
wah jf ala
7 16

45

Reference to H
authority in
Appendix.

81(?) and 95
1

2
i=]

a
i

aN

an
DRE ORR HE RW RE OPE He
“-~
—
7

and 24 (?) |

He ot
2O Oe Oh

=
We
lor or

il
4, 20 & 36
16 and 20

and 31

bo aed

a=
oo

a

rary
a
STREP ROR ORME RHE ORE RE WR eee ee ee

46

Name of station.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

State or country.

Latitude. |

Longitude
from

Greenwich.

Height
above
the sea.

York! Town.;.j--:..<s
Youngstown (Fort
Niagara.
Youngsville ..........
Ypsilanti :
Yucatan ....
Zaboon .......
Zacualtipam.
Zanesfield ...
Zanesville ...
Zebulon....
Zermatt....
Zermetz ....
Zlatouste ..
ZU «0+ 220000
Zurich....
Zurzach oes
Zwanenburg..........

emacs opedan waeeans
New York.............

Pennsylvania........

Michigan........
Mexico ...

Egypt ...
Mexico.

Georgia .....
Switzerland...
Switzerland ..
DRUSEEA cer ee clause
Switzerland ..
Switzerland ....
Switzerland ..
Holland........

29°

20 to 214N.

28
20
40
39
33
46
46
55
47
47
47
52

0’ N.

30
35
22

Ob GO
A 1a 2A ht

97° 37! W.
9) DMV

79 20 W.
83 47 W.
87 to90W.

29 10 E.

20 W.
38 W.

1
26

Serial No. in

27

zone.

146 and 160

138
123
8
72
a
125

114 and 115
127 and 128
244 and 248
268 and 273

112

217 and 237
191 and 196
184 and 196
152 and 160

Reference to
authority in
Appendix.

4,16, 20 & 36
72

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF COUNTRIES, STATES, DISTRICTS,
OCEANS, AND SEAS.

Name.

Abyssinia............
Abyssinia...
Abyssinia...
Alabama....
Alaska ...

Alaska ...

Alaska ...
Algeria...
Algeria ... 209
Antarctic Ocean! 605
Antarctic Ocean ..
PAM AD dasestesstesieccises
Arabia.....
Arabia..

Arabia..

Arctic Ocean.
Arctic Ocean ..

Arctic Ocean.
Arctic Ocean .
oe Republic
Arizona...

Arizona..
Aekansasl- cm
Arkansas .. 3009
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean |
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean.....
Atlantic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Australia ............
Australia .... ona
PATISLYaliayeeseusireices

Serial numbers in zone,

Name.

Serial numbers in zone,

31
26, 27 and 28
34

103 to 117
2 to 64
10, 11 and 12
2 and 13
198 to 203
168 to 172
50 to 56
Entire series in each zone
75
31
32
29
1to 5 and 9
1 to 12,16, 17, 20, 21,
22, 26 and 27
21
1, 2, 9 and 10
22, 23 and 24
32 to 30
14 (a) to 28
77, 78 and 79
78 to 82
16
20
19, 20 and 50
19 to 25
88 to 97
320 to 332
158 to 180
153 to 167
60 to 71
19 to 28
19 to 28
16 to 24
25 to 32
18 to 24
20 to 34
15 to 28
56 to 57
15 to 29
16 to 32
51 to 54
19 to 35
25 to 37
26 to 40
27 to 45
18 to 33
25 to 32

Australia ..
Australia .. .
Austrian Empire . 00

Austrian Empire ..
Austrian Empire..
FAIZ OLESscthrcissaseciees
Baflin’s Bay.........
Baffin’s Bay.........
Baffin’s Bay.........
Baflin’s Bay
Bahama Islands...
Belgium..............
Bermudas....
Black Sea....
Bolivia ..... eee
IBrazilecesenseccessecs
California............
California
California
Canada..

Canada .

Cape Verde Islands
Central Africa
Central Africa
Central America...
Central America...
Central America...
Central America...
Central Asia .......
Ceylon................
Chili....

Chili....

Chili....

China...

China...
China.......
Colorado...
Colorado.......
Connecticut...
Dacotah..
Dacor
Delaware ...
Denmark ..
Denmark ..

Desert of Shihan.

Dist. of Columbia
Eastern Asia.......
East Indies..........
East Indies..........
East Indies..........
East Indies....
Egypt .......

Hipp tiececieesieecteviee=

68 to 71
72 to 87
199 to 208, 210, 211, 214
and 217
311 to 350
378
169 to 175 (a)
8

13 and 14

11

12

59
139 to 143
150, 151 and 152
380 and 381

14 and 15

59 and 66 to 74
130 to 134
24 (a)
29
26
8
13
6
11,12 and 13
368 to 373 ; 299, 398 (a)
38 to 41
23
20 and 21
17 (a), (0); (©)
225 to 228
189 and 190
42
56, 57 and 58
51 to 57
261 to 267
38, 39 and 40
59 to 62
146, 147, 148, 156 & 157
57 to 63 (d)
178, 179 and 180 (4)
172 (a), 71 (a), 29 (a),
24 (a
133, 134, 137, 138 and 148
374
41 and 46
33
43 to 46, 48
43, 44 and 45
174, 175 and 176 (b)
72, 73 and 74

48 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Name. eee Serial numbers in zone. Name. NeaPe | Serial numbers in zone.
England and Wales 8 “4 to 133 Kentucky ........... | 11 96, 97,105, 106, 107 and
Falkland Islands.. 29 | 110
Faroe and Shetland 6 21, 2and 23 Labrador ........0.e+ 7 | Ivand 18

[Islands. | Labrador... | 8 | Ifvand 18
Fejee (Society) Is-| 22 | land7 Liberia ... 17 33
[lands. | Liberia ... 18 25
Florida) --2.csevsacsces 12 =| 118 to 121, 133 and 134 Louisiana.. as 12 83 to 92
Florida... (18) |) “33to158 Louisiana..... sei 8 28 to 33
Florida... 14 9 to 14 Madagascar ........ | 22 34, 35 and 36
France... 8 134 to 138 Madeira Islands... | 12 164 and 165 (a)
France... 9 | 98 to 165 IMEI eascadeantee 9 75 to 81
Mrancelccccess'----e-= 10 355 to 368 1) Ch b0\: See “ 10 304 to 315 E
Georgia (America.)| 12 122 to 132 Maryland............. || Lo 128 to 132, 135 to 138 and
Georgia in Asia. | 148
(See Transeaucas Massachusetts...... | 10 257 to 260 and 290 to 303
Germany .. 8 | 161 to 177, 181 to 198, | Mediterranean Sea 11 205, 206 and 207 ‘
209, 212, 213, 215 & 216 [and its islands.
Germany ............ | 274 to 304 Mediterranean Sea} 12 177 and 178
Greece ....... 208 (a) [and its islands.
Greenland .. 6 and 7 Mexico ... a 13 6, 7 and 8
f Greenland .... 15 ‘Mexico ... 14 7
Greenland .... 12 and 13 Mexico ... 15 6 to 12
Greenland .. 13 and 14 Michigan. 9 54 to 57, 62 to 65
Guiana.. sch 1 20 to 24 Michigan.. 10 115 to 123
Guiana.. 18 UT, Minnesota... 9 41 to 51
Guinea.. ..[India, 5 17 32 (a) Minnesota.. 10 73 to 77
Hindoostan. (See Missi sae 55 ||) al 93 to 102 and 104
Holland . 8 144 to 160 Missouri . aoe LO §3
Hudson’s Bay Ter. 5 3 to 8 Missouri . 11 80 to 89
Hudson’s Bay Ter. 6 7 to 11 Montana. 9 33. to 37
Hudson’s Bay Ter. 7 13 to 16 Naviga ator’s Island | 21 4
Hudson’s Bay Ter. 8 14 to 16 (a) Nebraska............ 10 63 to 68
Hudson’s Nee Ter. Hy) 58, 60 and 61 Nevada. sec Cal 37 to 43
Iceland . Tass 5 14 and 15 Nevada...... Peal) 31
Iceland . 6 15 to 19 New Br unswick.. a) 29 82
Idaho... 9 32 Newfoundland ..... 9 86 and 87
Idaho.. 10 44 and 45 New Granada....... | 16 "i
Illinois 10 101 to 109 New Granada....... | 17 14 to 19
Illinois uu 90 to 93 New Granada....... | 18 16
India... 12 184 (a) to 188 (c) New Granada....... | 19
India LS) vaentayoly: New Hampshire . mee oO. 274 to 281
India 14 33 to 39 New Jersey 10 245 to 248
India 15 35 to 36 New Jersey ........ 11 153, 154, 155, 156 & 157
India... 16 33 to 37 New Mexico......... 11 38 to 50
Indiana .. eNO 110 to 114 New Mexico......... 12 29 to 43
Indiana ...........) 11 | 98 to 101 New York (State).. | 10 145 to 160, 168 to 187, 198
Indian Ocean noone 14 32 and 40 to 244 and 268 to 273
Indian Ocean ...... 15 33, 34 and 37 to 39 New Zealand....... 26 88 to 90 (a)
Indian Ocean ...... 16 30 to 32 and 38 to 42 New Zealand....... | 27 79 to 82 and 83
Indian Ocean ...... ey 35 to 45 New Zealand....... | 28 64, 65 and 66
Indian Ocean ...... | 18 27 to 32 North Carolina..... 11 | 121 to 124, 144 and 145
Indian Ocean ...... 19 35 to 42 and 47 North Carolina..... | 12 146 to 149
Indian Ocean ...... 20 30 to 42 INORW aYyseens---cenrtee 4 18 and 19
Indian Ocean ...... 21 30 to 38 Norway... 5 17 to 20
Indian Ocean ...... 22 33 and 35 to 46 Norway .. 6 24 to 30
Indian Ocean ...... 2¢ 36 to 53 Norway .. hi 50 (a) to 56
Indian Ocean ...... 24 39 to 53 Nova Scotia . 9 83, 84 and 85
Indian Ocean ...... 25 46 to 67 Nova Scotia... 10 316 to 319
Indian Ocean ...... 26 46 to 71 MN Elocrascepecotcocss || aK! 29
Indian Ocean 2 34 to 65 INTUTE sannicoposeeencee 15 30
Indian Ocean ...... | 28 33 to 51 ISMN eo cceecncerigsacce 16 25
Towarstccsnecssere sree LO 69 to 72, 78 to 82 and | Ohio... Soscn || LO |) deat ies)
87 to 91 Ohiok...- eee 11 108, 109, 113, 114 & 115
Ireland .. ia 21 to 25 Oregon . 9 24 to 31 (tA
Ireland .. 8 26 to 48 Oregon .. 2008 10 =| 22 to 36
Isle of Bourbon and 23 40 to 43 Pacific Ocean . 6 1 .
(Mauritius. Pacific Ocean. a 1to9
[tally o-\ses 9 305 to 310 Pacific Ocean . 8 3 to 12 and 249 to 251 §
Italy ... 10 369 to 377 Pacific Ocean... ) 1 to 11 and 375 to 379 f
Japan... 10 401 and 402 Pacific Ocean .. 10 1 to 10 and 403 to 407
Japan... 12 191, 192 and 193 Pacific Ocean .. 11 1 to 9 and 229 to 233
Japan... 11 228 (a) Pacific Ocean .. 12 | 1to6 and 194
Java.. se | 20 45 Pacific Ocean....... 3 1 to 5 and 98 to 103
KAMBAS)<seeesececssiees)|| LD 58 to 64 and 68 to 76 Pacific Ocean.......| 14 1 to 6, 41 and 43 to 45

SERIES A.

Name.

Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean
Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean
Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean
Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean.......
Pacific Ocean.......
Paraguay
Patagonia ....
Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania.......

POTS aiclescj-r<secisesces
Persian Gulf........

Portugal ....

Portugal ....

Red Sea.. dessees

Rhode Island néencee

Russia....

Russia ...

Russia ...

Russia ... 3

IRMSS IAN conte <iednjcacser

Sahara. (See De-
sert of Sahara. )

Sandwich Islands..

Scotland.............

Scotland....

Siberia ...

Siberia .

Siberia ...

Siberia ... sev

Siberia ...............

COWS OB oT

7 June, 1874.

Serial numbers in zone

Name.

1 to 5 and 40 to 43

1 to 5 and 43 to 48

1 to 10 and 46 to 49
1 to 15 and 34 to 41
1 to 19 and 49 to 54
1 to 14 and 46 to 55
1 to 13 and 40 to 45
1 to 13 and 48 to 50
1 to 17 and 54 to 57
1 to 21 and 55 and 56
1 to 19 and 72 to 77
1 to 26 and 91 to 100
1 to 17 and 69 to 78
1 to 24 and 52 to 63

135 to 144, 161 to 167 and
188 to UB T/
127, 132, 149 to 152, 156
and 157
215, 216, 216 (a), 218, 220
and 221
76
14
336
181, 182 and 183
30
282 to 289
37 to 64
91 to 126
218 to 240
351 to 367
382 to 385 and 387 to 397

2
26 to 49
51
23, 24 and 25
26 and 27
65 to 68
127 to 136
241 to 248

South Africa........
South Carolina
Southern Africa ...
Spain.. ;
Spain .....
Spitzberg gen.
Sweden..
Swedentna
Sweden....
Switzerland
Tartary.

(See Turkestan &

Central Asia.)
Tennessee ........

Texas) ssccsecisessaeees
Texas ...
Thibet ..
Tripoli...
WMT GENS ad pasooncecese cas
Turkestan. (See
also Cent. Asia.)
“cc

Turkey in Asia....
Turkey in Asia....
Turkey in Asia....
Turkey in Europe.
Turkey in speiee
TOBE ay, ss pposec
Witalivesctest=
Utah .. 08
Van Dieman’s ‘La
(Tasmania. )
Venezuela ..........
Vermont......-......
WAN ETM Asceesssste-1---

Washington Ter....
West Indies
West Indies...
West Indies...
Wisconsin...
Wisconsin... ie
Wyoming............

ALPHABHTICAL LIST OF COUNTRIES, ETC. 49

Serial numbers in zone.

41 to 45

135 to 145
38 Hl
333, 334, 335 and 337 to 3544
184 to 197
10 to 14
22 to 25
31 to 36
64 to 90
166 to 273

94, 95, 102, 103, 104, 111 |
and 112 E

44 to 72

9 to 27 and 33

188 (a)

173

204

368 to 373

398 (a)

222 to 224

386

209 to 214

179 to 184

66 to 68

8 to 12
249 to 256
116 to 120, 125, 126 and
139 to 143
12 to 23
15 to 18
14 to 18
13, 14 and 15
52 and 53
84 and 92 to 100
51 to 55

22.
. Report on Meteorological Observations in the North-

ou

bb tw
oo

we
om =I

bo
so

30.
31.

REFERENCE TO AUTHORITIES CITED.

The numbers here given are those of the last column in the Alphabetical List of Stations.

. Collections of the Smithsonian Institution.
. United States Army Meteorological Register.
. Regents’ Reports of the State of New York (Albany,

1826 to 1866); and Dr. Franklin B. Hough’s Me-
teorology of the State of New York.

. Works of Wesselowsky, Russia.

. Communicated by the observer in manuscript.

. Annuaire de la Société Météorologique de France.

. Journal of Scottish Meteorological Society.

. Journal of Franklin Institute, Philadelphia.

. Collections of Prof. James P. Espy.

. Meteorologiska Iakllagelser i Sverige K Svenska

Vetenskaps. Akademien of Prof. Er. Edlund.

. Commission Hydrometrique de Lyon.
. Schweizerische Meteorologische Beobachtungen.

Wolf.

. Proceedings of the Meteorological Society of England.
. Dr. A. Buchan’s Memoir on the Mean Pressure and

Winds. Transactions of the Royal Society of
Edinburgh, Vol. XXV.

. Manuscripts of Louis Berlandier deposited at the

Smithsonian Institution.

. Repertorium fiir Meteorologie.
- Communicated in manuscript by Dr. Alexander

Buchan.
Results of Meteorological Observations taken in the
Colony of Victoria. Neumayer.

. Publications of the Meteorological Institute of Nor-

way and of the Christiana Observatory.

. Annales de lV Observatoire Physique Central de

Russie.

. Meteorologische Waarnemingen in Nederland en

zijne Bezittingen, en Afwijkingen van Tempera-
ture en Barometersland op vele Plaatsen in
Europa. 1855.

Jahrbucher der k. k. Central Anstalt fiir Meteorologie.

west provinces of India. By Thompson.

. Ephemerides Societatis Meteorologice Palatine.

- Report from Coastguard stations in Ireland.

. Ordnance Survey of Ireland.

- London Philosophical Magazine.

. Annalen fiir Meteorologie und Erdmagnetismus.

. Resumen de las Observaciones Metevrologicas efec-

tuadas en la Peninsula.
Edinburgh Philosophical Journal.
American Almanac.

(00)

39.

40.

52.

56.

58.

American Journal of Science and Arts.

. Die Winde iiber der dentschen Nordseekiiste und

dem siidlichen Theile der Nordsee. C. H. F. Prestel.

. Meteorological Papers of the Board of Trade. London.
- Hunter’s Travels in Upper and Lower Egypt.

3. De Ram Discours prononcé 14 Juillet, 1851.

- Volume 7966 of the Smithsonian Library.

Monatsberichte iiber die Verhandlungen der Gesell-
schaft fiir Erdkunde zu Berlin. Jahrgang, I—IV,
1839-43. Neue, I—IX, 1844-52.

Verhandelingen van het Koninkligh Inst. van In-
genieurs, 1852-53; Iand II. 1853-54; I and II.
1854-55 ; I and II.

Meteorologische Beobachtungen des Jahres 1822-27.
Weimar. ;

Meteorologische Waarnemingen in Nederland in
afwijkingen der temperatuur, etc. Meteorologische
Waarnemingen in Nederland, 1851.

. Bombay Transactions.
- Ballot (Dr. C. H. D.) Windwaarnemingen in Neder-

land, 1849, 1850.

. Observations des Phenomeénes Périodiques, Tome I.

8vo.

Plantamoar (E.) Résumé Meteorologique de l’ Année
1852, pour Geneve et le Grand St. Bernard. Geneva,
1853.

Bohm and Kunes, Magnetische und Meteorologische
Beobachtungen zu Prag, 13 Jahr. 1855.

Bruxelles.

. Reports of British Association for the Advancement

of Science.

. Cotte’s Meteorology.
. Kaemtz’s Meteorologie.
. Observations Meteorol.

faites & Nigne-Taguilsk,
1848-9, 2 vols. 8vo. Paris, 1850. 1850-1, 2 vols.
8vo. Paris, 1852.

. Transactions of the Meteorological Society of England.

Annals of Philosophy.

. Papers on the Eastern and Northern Extension of the

Gulf Stream, translated from the German of Dr.
A. Peterman, Dr. W. Von Freeden, and Dr. A.
Miihry.

. Climate of Nottingham. By E. J. Lowe.
. Results of Meteorological Observations in Tasmania.

Proceedings of American Academy, Boston.

. Report of Geological Survey of New Hampshire, by

Dr. C. H. Hitchcock.
Letter from Dr. Alexander Wojeikof.

aI
5

72.

83.

92.

97.

100.

101.

102.

103.

104.
105.

. United States Exploring Expedition.
. Edinburgh Philosophical Journal.

- Vermont Chronicle.

. Copied from Records of Maryland Academy of

SERIES A REFERENCE

Wilkes.

Science and Literature.

j3. Annual Report of Board of Health to the Legisla-

ture of Louisiana.

. Dickenson’s Journey in Egypt and Nubia.

5. Letter from Chevalier Kahnihoff.

. Climate of Teflis, by A. Filadelfin.

. Letter from Dr. George Kennan, Norwalk, Ohio.

Source of information not preserved.

Dr. A. T. H. von Middendorff’s Sibirische Reise.

Cailliand’s Journey to the Libyan Oases, Ethiopia,
and Sennaar.

Montreal Proceedings.

Schweizerische Meteorologische Beobachtungen.
Wolf.

. United States Coast Survey Reports.
. Collectanea Meteorologica sub auspiciis Scienti-

arum Danice edita, 1845.

. Report of United States Lake Survey.

. United States Patent Office Report for 1849-50.
. Russo-American Telegraph Expedition.

- Royal Gazette, St. George’s, Bermuda.

. Perry’s Japan Expedition.

Essays : Meteorological Contributions extracted from
the publications of the Imperial Russian Gevgra-
phical Society. September, 1871.

. Jefferson’s Notes on Virginia.
. Communicated by Prof. T. F. Tillinghast and Mr.

Thomas C. Green.
Nicollet’s Exploration of the Upper Mississippi.

. Lecture delivered in New York by E. G. Squier.
. Narrative of Franklin’s First Journey to the shores

of the Polar Sea.

. Narrative of Franklin’s Second Journey to the

shores of the Polar Sea.

. Lefebyre’s Travels in Egypt, Abyssinia, ete.

. René Caillies’ Journey to Timbuctoo, ete.

. Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengal.

. Letter from Rev. David T. Stoddard, of Persia.
. Cappen’s Journey, 1747-49.

Report of Meteorological Observatory of Polytechnic
School.

. Journal of Natural History Society of Montreal.

. Report of Radcliffe Observatory.

. Williams’ History of Vermont.

j. Communicated by E. B, Jennings, New London, Ct.

Publications by Sinithsonian Institution.

. Log of United States Brig Ocean.
. Log of United States Brig Dolphin.

Parry’s First Voyage in search of the “ Northwest
Passage.’’

Parry’s Second Voyage in search of the ‘‘ Northwest
Passage.’’

Parry’s Third Voyage in search of the ‘“‘ Northwest
Passage.’

Sir James Ross’s Voyage in search of the “ North-
west Passage.’’

Buck’s Journey to the Polar Sea.

Captain Penny’s Arctic Voyage.

AUTHORITIES CITED. 51

106. Parry’s Voyage toward the North Pole.

107. Lempriere’s Antarctic Voyage.

108. Sir James Ross’ Antarctic Voyage.

109. The last of the Arctic Voyages. Belcher.

110. Arctic Ocean by Behring Strait. Beechy.

111. Raes’ Arctic Voyage.

112. Snow’s Journal in the Arctic Seas. London, 1851.
113. Richardson’s Journal, 1848-9.

114. “Voyage of H. M.S. Resolute.’ M. Dougal.

. Jewish Chronicle.
- Communicated in manuscript by Rev. Justin Per-

. Publications

. John Ross’ Aretie Voyage.

- Darwin’s Antarctic Voyage.

- McClure’s Arctic Voyage.

. Humboldt’s Asie Centrale and Kahnikoff’s Bokhara.
- Burne’s Travels to Bokhara.

- Communicated in manuscript by President I. W.

Andrews. Ohio.

. Wilkometen der Meteorolog. Waarnemingen gedaan

te Breda.
New York, 1847.

kins, D.D., of Oroomiah, Persia.

. Communicated in manuscript by Rev. Azariah

Smith, of Erzeroom.

- Communicated in manuscript by Rev. Simeon H.

Calhoun, of Persia .

. Annalendes Physicalischen Central Observatorium.

St. Petersburg, 1865, 1866, 1867, 1868, 1870.

- Resultats des Observationes Meteorologiques factes

au Nouvel Observatione d’Upsala. (Extrait des
Actes de la Société Royale des Sciences d’ Upsala.)

. Manuscript records of Connecticut Academy.
- Wind and Current Charts.

United States Naval
Observatory.

. Purdy’s Sailing Directory.
. Publications of the United States Naval Observa-

tory.

. Girard College Observations published by Congress.
. United States Naval and Astronomical Expedition

to the Southern Hemisphere in the years 1849-52.
of the Magnetic Observatory at
Toronto.

. Anales de las Reales Juntas de Fomento y Sociedad

Economica de la Habana.

- Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Naturelles de

Neuchatel.

. Bohn and Kunes, Magnetische und Meteorologische

Beobachtungen zu Prag, 13 Jahr, 1855.

- Journal of the Austrian Meteorological Society.

. Wrangel’s Explorations in Northeastern Siberia.
. Femaarsberetnung, Holland.
. Magnetical and Meteorological Observations made

at the Government Observatory, Bombay. Robin-
son and Chambers.

. Report on Meteorology, Museum, and Horticultural

Gardens in the Province of Oudh, Bonavia.

Report on the Meteorology of the Punjab. Neil.

. Iswiastia of the Russian Geographical Society, vol.

8. St. Petersburg.

. Government Daily Journal. Tobolsk, Siberia, 1871,

1872.
Medico-Topographie of the city of Astrachan and
its vicinity, by Dr. Oldekop.

ei

CMA Pw

NUMERICAL INDEX TO STATIONS.

ZONE 1. Lat. 85° to 90° N.

No stations.

ZONE 2. Lat. 80° to 85° N.

. Smith’s Strait, long. 65° to75° W.

Arctic Ocean, long. 5° to 25° E.
Arctic Ocean, long. 7° to 17° E.

ZONE 3. Lat. 75° to 80° N.

. Northumberland Sound.
. At sea, long. 90° to 97° W.
. Port Refuge.

At sea, long. 80° to 90° W.
At sea, long. 70° to 80° W.

. Port Foulke.

Rensselaer Bay.
Baffin’s Bay, long. 58° to 70° W.

. At sea, from Greenland to Spitz-

bergen, long. 173° W. to 23° E.

. Magdalena Bay.

- Hecla Cove.

. Northern Spitzbergen.

. Bell Sonnd and Slaadberg.
. Henlopen

Straits and Eastern
Spitzbergen.

ZONE 4. Lat. 70° to 75° N

Western Arctic Ocean and its

CONIA PHY H

Islands.

. Arctic Ocean, long. 155 to 175° W.

and 3. Baring’s Island.

. Melville Island.

. Dealy Island.

. Assistance Harbor.

. Felix Harbor, Boothia Felix.

. Sheriff’s Harbor, Boothia Felix.
- Southeastern Boothia Felix.

. Port Kennedy.

- Port Bowen.

. Arctic Ocean, long. 80° to 110° W.
. Baffin’s Bay, long. 60° to 80° W.
. Baffin’s Bay, long. 50° to 60° W.
. Upernavik.

Northern Europe and Asia.

. At sea.

. Bear Island, near Spitzbergen.

. Hammerfest.

. Vardo.

. Arctic Ocean, long. 20° to 40° E.

Nova Zembla.
Arctic Ocean, long. 75° to 90° E.

(52)

23.

24.
25.
26.
27.

a
SHPantanpwhr

11.

SOWA ROP Wb et

=

=
nw

* hope

ZONE 4.— Continued.

Taimurland
(Great Northern Tundra).
Korennoje Filipooskoje.
Ust Yansk.
Arctic Ocean, long. 130° to 170° E.
Bear Island (northern coast of
Siberia).

ZONE 5. Lat. 65° to 70° N.

. At sea.

Port Clarence & Kotzebue Sound.

. Fort McPherson.
. Fort Anderson.
. Fort Franklin.

Fort Confidence.

. Port Hope.

. Igloolik and vicinity.

. Winter Island and vicinity.
. Arctic Ocean.

Baflin’s Bay

- Godthaab.

. Jacobshayn.

. Eyafiord.

. Stykkisholm.

. At sea, long. 15° W. to 15° EH.
. Andennes.

. Tromsoe.

- Bossekop.

. Muonioniska and vicinity.
. At sea, long. 30° to 40° E.
. Stensele.

- Iockmock.

. Pitea.

. Haparanda.

Nijnii Kolymsk and Anadyrsk.

. Bush’s Station.

ZONE 6. Lat. 60° to 65° N

At sea.

. Plover Bay.

Fort St. Michaels.

. Unalakleet.

Ikogmut.
Nulato.

Nos. 3, 4 and 6 combined.
Fort Norman.

. Fort Simpson.
- Fort Rae.
. Fort Enterprise, Hudson’s Bay

Territory.

. Fort Reliance, Great Slave Lake.
. Baffin’s Bay and Hudson’s Strait,

long. 45° to 80° W.

. New Hernnhutt.
. Friederichthal.

ZONE 6.— Continued.

- Bessested.

. Reikiavik, 1813 and 1840.

. Reikiavik, 1826-36.

. Reikiavik, 1866-8.

. Reikiavik, aggregate.

. Atlantic Ocean, long. 35° W. to

10° E.

. Thorshayn.
. Bressay.
. East Yell.

Norway and Sweden.

. Aalesund.

. Soendmor.

3. Dovre.

. Christiansund.
. Drontheim.

. Bergen.
EAE

. Ostersund.

2. Fahlun.

. Gefle.

. Hernosund.

. Nos. 33 and 34 combined.

35 (a). Holmia.

36.

47.

Umea.
Finland.

. Aland Islands, Baltic Sea.
. Laichela.

. Storkiro,

. Varo.

- Imola.

. Western Finland.

. Lemo Ganula.

. Abo.

. Southwestern Finland.

. Galiko.

Tammela.

49-51. Helsingfors.

52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.

60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
67.
68.
69.

Sweaborg.

Hogland Lighthouse.
Southern Finland.
Virdois.

Laukas.

Kalaioki.

Uleaborg.

Kajan and Paldamo.

Russia.

Petrozavodsk.
Kem.

White Sea.
Archangel.
Yarensk.
Bache Aktolik.
Amginsk.
Yacoutsk.
Ghijiga.

70.
71.

Se ial dad

. Long.

SERIES A.

ZONE 86.— Continued.

Penjinsk Gulf.
Anadyr River.

ZONE 7. Lat. 55° to 60° N.

Pacific Ocean.

. Long. 170° E. to 165° W.

Long. 160° to 170° W.
Long. 155 to 165 W.
Long. 150 to 155 W.
Long. 145 to150 W.
Long. 130 to165 W.
Long. 140 to145 W.
135 to145 W.
Long. 130 to140 W.

North America.

. Fort Kodiak.

. Sitka.

. Fort Wrangel.

. Fort Chipewayan.

. Norway House.

. Fort Prince of Wales.
. York Factory.

. Little Whale River.

. Nain River.

Atlantic Ocean.

ZONE 7.— Continued.

53. Mandal.

54 Spydburg.

55. Sandosund.

56. Christiana.

57. Tarum.

58. Smidstrup.

60. Skagen.

61. Hofmansgave.

62. Copenhagen, 1783-5.

63. Copenhagen, 1808 to 1869.
63(a). Nos. 62 and 63 combined
63(b). Christiansoe.

Southern Sweden

64, Goteborg.

65. Wenersborg.

66. Halmstad.

67. Cronberg.

68. Lund.

69. Nos. 67 and 68 combined.
70. Jonkoping.

71. Carlstad.

72. Wexio.

73. Carlshamn.

74. Askersund.

75. Crebro.

76. Nos. 74 and 75 combined.
77. Skara.

78. Linkoping.

79. Nos. 77 and 78 combined.

NUMERICAL INDEX TO STATIONS.

123.
124,
125.
126.

127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132,
133.
134.
135.

53

ZONE 7.— Continued.

Glasof.

Northeastern Russia.
Zlatouste.

Nijnii Taguilsk.

Siberia.

Bogoslowsk.
Galanowsk.
Catherinenburg.
Kourgan.
Tobolsk.

Ichim.

Tara.

Tomsk.
Nasimowo.

135(a). Jenisseisk.
135(b). Krasnojarsk.

136.

Ajan.

ZONE 8. Lat. 50° to 55° N.

il,
2.

Aleutian Islands.
Iluluk.

Pacific Ocean.

3-12. Long. 125° to 165° W.

13.

14.

Fort Tongass.
Fort a la Corné.

15-16. Red River Settlement.

19. Long. 20° to 65° W. 80, Kalmar 16(a). Moose Factory.
20. Long. 5 to 20 W. 81. Westervik. an ene zh
82. Nykoping. 18. Rigolet.
Ireland. 83. Westoras,
21. Londonderry. 84. Upsal. Atlantic Ocean.
929,, Bunecrana. 85-6. Stockholm. ° °
23. Slieve Snaght. ‘87. Nos. 83, 84 and 85 combined. ie Hore: 3 ie a aM
24, Portrush. 88. Wisby. 21. jon, 20 ozo W.
25. Northern Ireland. 89. Southwestern Sweden. if ee Ne ;
‘ peacies 22. Long. 15 to 20 W.
90. Southeastern Sweden. 23. Long. 10 to1l5 W.
Western Scotland. 24, Long. 0 tol0 W.
West of long. 4°. Russia. 25. Long. 0 to 65 W.
26. Stor 5 0 i
Re oe oe ERA Ireland. South of lat. 55°.
28. Culloden (1857 to 1867). 93. Mitau. 26. Milltown.
29. Lat. 57° to 58°. 94-5. Riga. 27. Ballina.
30. Callton-Mor (1857 to 1867). 96. Mitau and Riga combined. 28. Markree.
31. Lat. 56° to 57°. 97. Baltischport. 29. Killybegs.
32. Castle Toward. 98. Reval. 30. Armagh.
33. Lat. 55° to 56°. 99. Fellin. 31. Killough.
100. Avandus. 32. Donagadee.
Bastern Scotland. 101. Dorpat. 33. Lat. 54° to 55°.
e ° 102. Cronstadt. 34. Bencorr.
Be WON NORE 2p 103. St. Petersburg. 35. Westport.
34. Sandwick. 104. Nos. 102 and 103 combined. 36. Portarlington.
35. Orkney Islands. 105. Novogorod. 37. Athy.
36. Wick. 106. Witenewo. 38. Dublin.
37. Banff Castle. 107. Moscow. 39. Lat. 53° to 54°.
38. Elgin, 1835, 6 and 7. 108. Syevernaja Ferma. 40. Kilrush.
39. hat. 57° to 58°. 109. Wologda. Al. Limerick.
40. Kinfauns Castle. 110. Gryasovez. 42. Dunmore. -
41. Clunie Manse. 111. Vladimir. } 43. Courtown.
42. Inchkeith. 112. Kostroma. 44, Lat. 52° to 53°.
43. Lat. 56° to 57°. 113. Totma. 45. Cahirciven.
44, Calton Hill (Edinburgh). 114. Gorbatoy. 46. Castletownshend.
45. Inveresk. 115. Balachna. 47. Cork.
46. Bromholm. 116. Northern Central Russia, 48. hat. 51° to 52°.
47. Makerstown, No. of observations. long. 40° to 45° E. 49. Isle of Man.
48. Makerstown, sums of forces. 117. Kosmodemiansk. 50. Calf of Man.
49. Lat. 55° to 56°. 118. Nijnii Novogorod. 51. Slogarie.
50. North Sea. 119. Ichak. 52. Swansea.
50(a). Skudesnes. 120. Kazan. 53. Aberavon.
51. Lister. 121. Viatka. 54, Lampeter.
52. Lindensnes. 122. Slobodsk. 55. Llandudno.

ZONE 8.— Continued.

England.

56. Cockermouth.

57. Keswick.

58. Carlisle.

59. Kendal.

60. Lancaster.

61. Allenheads.

62. Silloth.

63. North Shields.

64. Ripon.

65. New Malton.

66. England, north of lat. 54°.
67. Liverpool.

68. Hawarden.

69. Eccles.

70. Manchester.

71. Kingsley’s Parsonage.
72. Stonyhurst.

73. Halifax.

74. Otley.

75. Wakefield.

76. Leeds.

Miter Mork.

78. Mansfield Woodhouse.
79. Hull.

England, lat. 53° to 54°.
81, Holkham.

Stratford.

83. Derby.

84. Nottingham.

85. Alderley Rectory.

86. Wisbech.

87. Grantham.

88. Cardington.

89. Boston and Cambridge.
90. Royston.

91. Thetford.

Norwich.

93. Southwich.

94. England, lat. 52° to 53°.
95. Barnstable.

96. Wilton,

97. Bristol.

98. Clifton.

99. Bath.

. Gloucester.

- Cheltenham.

2. Marlboro’ College.

3. Streatly Vicarage.

. Oxford.

- Strathfield Turgiss.

- Aldershot Camp.

- High Wycombe.

. Weybridge Heath.

- Chiswick.

- Camden Town.

111. London.

112-113. Greenwich.

114, Bushey Heath.

115. Delphen.

116. Epping.

117. Tunbridge Wells.
118. England, lat. 51° to 52°.
119. Penzance.

120. Helston, 1822 to 1825.
121, Helston, 1822, 25 and 67 to 68.
122. Truro.

123. Devonport.

124. Exeter.

125. Sidmouth.

126. Southwestern England.
127. Bournemouth.

128. Gosport.

129. Osborne.

130. Sturbington,

131. Worthing.

WINDS

132.

133.

134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.

144.
145.
146.
148.
149.
150.

. 151.

152.
153.

154.
155.
156.
157.

158.
159.

160.

161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.

170.
171.

172.

173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.

181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.
196.
197.

198.

ZONE 8.— Continued.

Eastbourne.
Southern and Southeastern
England.

France and Belgium.

Abbeville.
Dunkerque.
Lille.

Cambray.
Northern France.
Ghent.

Alost.

Brussels.
Louvain.
Belgium.

Holland.

Vlissingen.
Hellevoetsluis.
Breda.

Nymegen.
Maastricht.
Utrecht.

Southern Holland.
Zwanenburg.
Amsterdam,
Haarlem.

De Helder.
Franeker.
Leeuwarden.
Assen.

Groningen.
Northern Holland.

Northwestern Germany.

Dusseldorf.
Stone Lighthouse.
Norderney.
Emden.

Munster.
Cruxhaven.
Bremen.

Hanau.
Hamburg.
Luneberg.
Cottbus.
Paderborn.
Rhenish Prussia.
Gottingen.
Mulhausen,
Brocken.

Gotha.

Kiel.

Apenrade.
Aggregate.

Northern Germany.

Aschersleben.
Alstedt.
Erfurth.
Weimar.
Jena.
Ilmenau.
Saxe-Weimar.
Frankenheim.
Hof.

Northern Bavaria.
Dessau.
Leipsic.
Strehla.
Schéndorf.
Dresden.
Saxony.
Berlin.
Putbus.

OF THE GLOBE.

ZONE 8.— Continued.

Bohemia, Silesia and Poland.

199. Schonthal.

200. Scheessl.

201. Purglitz.

202. Smeena.

203. Bodenbach,

204, Northwestern Bohemia.
205. Prague.

206. Koniggratz.

207. Sinftenberg.

208. Northeastern Bohemia,
209. Sagan.

210. Posen.

211. Breslau.

212. Dantzic.

213. Braunsberg.

214. Cracow.

215. Pillau.

216. Konigsberg.

217. Warsaw.

218. Northeastern Prussia.

Russia.

218(a). Brestlitowsk.
219. Wilna.

220. Minsk.

221. Kiev.

222. Gorki.

223. Smolensk,

224. District of Elnia.
225. Kalouga.

226. Orel.

227. Koursk.

228. Woltschansk.

229. Tula.

230. Voronesch.
230(a). Tambof.

231. Southern Central Russia.
232. Krutez.

233. Pensa.

234. Saratov, Russia.
235. Samarskaja Ferma.
2353. Samara.

236. Uralsk.

237, 238 and 239. Orenburg.
240. Ufa.

Siberia.

241.
242.
243.
244,
245.
246.
247.
248.

Semipalatinsk.
Barnaul.

Irkutsk.
Nertchinsk.
Udskoi.
Nikolaievsk.
Douai Lighthouse.
Petropaulowski.

Pacific Ocean.

Long. 135° to 150° E.
Long. 140 to 150 E.
Long. 160 to170 E.

249.
250.
251.

ZONE 9. Lat. 45° to 50° N.

Pacific Ocean.

1 to 11. Long. 120° to 165° W.
7. Long. 120 to 165° W. aggregate.

Washington.

12. Neeah Bay.

13. San Juan Island.

14. Port Townshend.

15. Camp Semiahmoo and Fort
Bellingham.

a SERIES A.

ZONE 9.— Continued.

3. Northwestern Washington.
. Cape Disappointment.

. Southwestern Washington.
. Fort Steilacoom.

. Fort Simcoe.

. Fort Vancouver.

. Southeastern Washington.
. Northeastern Washington.

Oregon. North of lat. 45°.

. Fort Stevens.

. Astoria.

. Fort Yamhill.

. Oregon City.

. Northwestern Oregon.
. Fort Cascades.

. Fort Dalles.

. Northern Oregon.

Northern Idaho.
. Fort Lapwai.

Montana.

. Western Montana.

34. Fort Shaw.

. Camp Cook.

j}. Northwestern Montana.
. Southern Montana.

Dacotah. North of lat. 45°.

. Northwestern Dacotah.
. Northern Central Dacotah.
. Eastern Dacotah.

Northwestern Minnesota.

. Surface wind in 1854 aud 1855.
. Aggregate at all the stations.

Western Minnesota.

. Surface wind at Hazlewood in
the years 1854 to 1857.
Aggregate at all the stations.

Central Minnesota.
45.

46.
47.

Fort Ripley.
Princeton.
Aggregate at all the stations.

Bastern Minnesota.

St. Anthony.
Aggregate at all the statious.

48.
4).

Northern and Northeastern
Minnesota.

50. Lake Winnibigoshish.
51. Aggregate at all the stations.

Northwestern Wisconsin.

52. Bay City and Superior.
53. Aggregate at all the stations.

Northern Michigan.
West of long. 87°.

54. Fort Wilkins.

55. Marquette.

56. Surface wind at Smithsonian
stations in the years 1856 and
1857.

57. Aggregate at all the stations.

ZONE 9.— Continued.

Manitoba (south of lat. 50°) and
Canada West (north of lat. 45°).

58.
59.
60.
61.

Winnipeg.
Michipicoten.
Kenogumissee.
Abbitibbe Port.

Northern Michigan.

East of long. 87°.

Fort Mackinac.

Fort Brady.

St. James.

Aggregate at all the stations.

62.
63.
64.
65.

Canada East.

Montreal & St. Martins, 1854-7.
Montreal and St. Martins.
Stanbridge, 1856 and 1857.
Stanbridge, aggregate.

Quebec, 1832-6.

Quebec, 1743, 744, 1765, 766.
St. Anne.

66.
67.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.

Central Maine. Lat. 45° to 46°.

75. Monson.

76. Aggregate.
Maine. North of lat. 46°.

. Fort Kent.

. Patten.

. Fort Fairfield.

. Houlton.

. Aggregate.

Wew Brunswick and Northern
Nova Scotia.

82. St. Johns.

83. Wolfville, 1855, ’56 and 757.
84. Wolfville, 1855-1869.

85. Albion Mines.

St. John’s, Newfoundland

86. 1840-43.
87. 1840-69.

Atlantic Ocean.

88. Long. 45° to 65° W.
88(a). Long. 40° to 45° W.
89-93. Long. 15° to 40° W.
94. Long. 0° to 15° W.

95. Long. 0° to 65° W.

Channel Islands, Great Britain.

96. Guernsey.
97. Millbrook.

Middle France.

. Brest.

- Nantes.

. Cherbourg.

. Valognes.

2. Saint Lo.

. Courcon.

104-5. Angers.

106. Fecamp.

107. La Chapelle.

108. Rouen.

109. Nos. 106, 107 & 108 combined.
110. Nos. 100, 101 & 102 combined.
111. Vendome.

NUMERICAL INDEX TO STATIONS.

112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
ily
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141,
142.
143.
144,
145.
146.
147.
148.
149,
151,
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.

166.
167.
168.
169.
170.
171.
172.
173.

58

ZONE 9.— Continued.

Blois.

Nos. 111 and 112 combined.
Ahun.

Versailles.

Paris.

Montmorenci.

Nos. 115, 116 & 117 combined.
Nemours.

Clermont Ferrand.
Denainvilliers.

Doulevant.

Clermont Oise.

Metz.

Nancy.

Nos. 123, 124 & 125 combined.
Du Puy.

Cercie.

Duerne.

Arbresle.

Tarare.

St. Laurent d’Oingt.
Givors.

Saint Foy.

Lyons.

La Saulsaie.

St. Rambert.

Eastern France, lat.45° to 46°.
Cublize.

Monsol and St. Nizier.
Beaujeu.

Chalons.

Verdun.

Bourg.

Lons-ne-Saulnier.

Syam.

Fort de Joux.

Eastern France, lat. 46° to 47°.
150. Dijon.

152. La Fleche.

Dole.

Gray.

Besangon.

Vesoul.

Bourbonne. ~

Rousses.

Montbeliard.

Eastern France, lat. 47° to 48°.
Strasburg.

Goersdoff.

Ichtratzheim.

Northeastern France.

Western Switzerland.

Marchairuz.

La Sentier.

St. Croix.

Dizy.

Montreux.
Chaumont.
Neuchatel.
Chaux-de-fonds.

174-5. Geneva.

176.
177.
178.

ioe
180.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.

Morges.
Ponts-de-Martel.
Aggregate.

Northern Switzerland.

Porrentruy.
Basle.

Olten.
Bozberg.
Aarau.
Zurzach.
Konigsfelden.
Regensburg.
Lohn.

or
lor)

188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.
196.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

ZONE 9.— Continued.

Schaffhausen.
Kaiserstuhl.

Affoltern.

Zurich.

Uetliberg.

Frauenfeld.
Winterthur.
Kreuslingen.

Northern Switzerland.

Central and Southern Switzer-

197.
198.
199.
200.
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
206.
208.
209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
219.
220.
221,
222.
223.
224.
225.
226.
227.
228.
229.
230.
231.

land.

Vaudens.
Schwarzenberg.
Fribourg.
Valsainte.
Berne.
Beatenberg.
Brienz.

St. Imier.
Weissenstein.
Solothurn.
Sursee.
Interlaken.
Grindewald.
Muri.
Rathausen.
Stanz.
Engelberg.
Grimsel.
Reckigen.
Zug.

Rigi Kulm,
Schwyz.
Gersan.
Altdorf.
Andermatt.
Airolo.
Einsiedeln.
Platta.
Faido.
Glaurus.
Lugano.

St. Vittore.
Auen.
Bernhardin.

232-233. St. Gothard.

234.
235.
236.
237.
238. B
239.
240.
241.
242.
243.
244,
245.
246.
247.
248.

Faulhorn.

Airolo.

Nos. 232 and 233 combined.
Aggregate 197-236.
ex.

Martigny.

St. Bernard.

Sion.

Gliss.

Grachen.

Zermatt.

Simplon.

Bellinzona.
Mendrisio.

Aggregate 238 to 247.

Eastern Switzerland.

- St. Gallen.
- Wildhaus.
- Riechenau.
2. Ilanz.

- Thusis.

. Splugen.

. Trogen.

. Altstatten.
. Sargaus.

8. Marschlins.
. Chur.

. Churwalden.

ZONE 9.— Continued.

261. Castasegua.
262. Closters.
263. Davos.
264. Bevers.
265. Julier.
266. Stalla.
267. Sils.

268. Zernetz.
269. Bernina.
270. Brusio.
271. Remus.
272. Schuls.
273. Aggregate.

Luxemburg and Southern Ger-

many.

274. Luxemburg.

275. Treves (Trier).

276. Carlsruhe.

277-278. Manheim.

279. Northern Baden,

280. Mergentheim.

281. Tutlingen.

282. Stuttgard.

283. Schussenreid.

284. Issny.

285. Wurtemberg.

286-287. Wurtzburg.

288. Giengen.

289. Uffenheim.

290. Anspach.

291. Gunzenhausen.

292. Giengen on the Brenz.

293. Neustadt.

294, Bamberg.

295. St. Andex.

296. Western Bavaria,

297. Southern and Southwestern
Bavaria.

298. Ingolstadt.

299. Peissenberg.

300. Munich.

301. Tegern See.

302. Ratisbon.

303. Burglengenfeld.

304, Central Bavaria.

Northern Italy.

305. Turin.
306. Milan.
307. Padua.
309. Udine.
310. Venetia.

Austrian Empire.

311. Ittendorf.

312. Hohenpeissenberg.
313. Botzen.

314, Tyrol.

315. Sagriz.

316. St. Peter.

317. Hoch Obir.

318. Klagenfurth.
319. St. Paul.

320. Northern Illyria.
321. Trieste.

322. Adelsberg.

3224. San Lorenzo.
323. Southern Illyria.
324, Salzburg.

325. Kremsmunster.

326. Nos. 324 and 325 combined.

327. Pilsen.
328. Steubenbach.
329. Winterberg.

ZONE 9.— Continued.

330. Southwestern Bohemia,
331. Deutschbrod.

332. Selan.

333. Czaslau.

334. Southeastern Bohemia.
335. Graetz.

336. Vienna.

337. Vienna and Schonthal.
338. Brunn.

339. Olmutz.

340. Moravia.

341. Wartburg.

342. Funfkirchen.

343. Buda.

344. Althofen.

345. Nos. 343 and 344 combined.
346. Debreczin.

347. Hermannstadt.

348. Lemberg.

349. Stanislau.

350. Eastern Galicia.

Russia and Sea of Azof.

351. Kischinev.

352. Dniestrooski Znak.
353. Odessa.

354. Otchakof.

355. Northern shore of Black Sea.

356. Nikolaief.
357. Poltava.

358. Ekaterinoslav.
359. Orlov.

360, Kertsch.

361. Charkov.

362. Sea of Azof.
363. Taganrog.
364. Lougan.

365. Nijne Tchirsk.
366. Astrachan.
367. Gouriev.

Central and Hastern Asia. ©

367(a). Kirghiz steppes.
368. Fort Ouralsk.

369. Fort Aralsk.

370. Fort No. 1.

371. Sir Daria.

372. Fort Perowski.

373. Valley of Sir Daria.
374. Urga.

374(a). Aniva Bay.

Pacific Ocean.

375. Long. 130° to 140° E.
376. Long. 135 to 145 E,
377. Long. 135 to 150 E.
378. Long. 140 to 150 E.
379. Long. 145 to 150 E,

ZONE 10. Lat. 40° to 45° N.

Pacific Ocean.
1. Long. 160° to 165° W.
2-9. Long. 130° to 160° W.
10. Long. 120° to 130° W.

California. North of lat. 40°.

11. Fort Humboldt.

12. Fort Lincoln.

13. Fort Ter-Waw.

14. Camp Gaston.

15. Fort Jones.

16. Northwestern California.

SERIES A. NUMERICAL INDEX TO STATIONS. 57

ZONE 10.— Continued.

17. Fort Reading.
18. Fort Crook.

19. Camp Bidwell.
20. Meadow Vailey.
21. N. EH. California.

Oregon. South of lat. 45°.

22. Fort Oxford.

23. Fort Umpqua.

24, Fort Lane.

25. Southwestern Oregon.
26. Fort Hoskins.

27. Block House.

28. Western Oregon.

29. Fort Klamath.

30. Camp Warner.

31. Southern Oregon.

32. Camp Watson.

33. Eastern Oregon.

34. Camp Harney.

35. Camp Three Forks.
36. Southeastern Oregon.

Wevada. North of lat. 40°.

37. Northwestern Nevada.
38. Camp McDermit.

39. Camp Winfield Scott.
40. Northern Nevada.

41. Camp Halleck.

42. Fort Ruby.

43. Northeastern Nevada.

Idaho. South of lat. 45°.

44. Southwestern Idaho.
45. Southeastern Idaho.

Utah. North of lat. 40°.

46. Camp Douglas.

47. Great Salt Lake City, 1857.
48. Northern Ceutral Utah.

49. Fort Bridger.

50. Northeastern Utah.

Wyoming.

51. Western Wyoming.

52. Northeastern Wyoming.
53. Fort Saunders.

54. Fort Laramie.

55. Southeastern Wyoming.

Colorado. North of lat. 40°.

56. Fort Morgan.
57. Fort Sedgwick.
58. Northeastern Colorado.

Dacotah. South of lat. 45°.

59. Fort Pierre.

60. Southern Central Dacotah.
61. Fort Randall.

62. Southeastern Dacotah.

Southern and Northeastern
Nebraska.

63. Fort Kearny.

64. Southern Nebraska.
65. Northeastern Nebraska.

Southeastern Nebraska.

66. Council Bluffs.
$7. Bellevue and Omaha, 1857.
&8. Aggregate.

8 June, 1874.

ZONE 10.— Continued.

Worthwestern Iowa.

69. Sioux City, 1857.
70. Aggregate.

Southwestern Iowa.

71. Saint Mary’s, January and
February, 1854,
72. Aggregate.

Minnesota. South of lat. 45°.

73. Fort Ridgély.

74. Source of the Des Moines,
75. Southwestern Minnesota.

76. Fort Snelling.

77. Southeastern Minnesota.

Worthern Iowa.

78. Fort Dodge.
79. Border Plains, 1856 and 1857.
80. Aggregate.

Southern Iowa and Missouri,
North of lat. 40°.

81. Fort Des Moines.
82. Southern Iowa.
83. Northern Missouri.

Western and Central Wisconsin.

84. Surface wind.
85. Motion of elonds.
86. Two preceding combined.

Northeastern Iowa.

87. Fort Atkinson.
88. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
89. Aggregate.

Southeastern Iowa.

90. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
91. Aggregate.

Southwestern Wisconsin.

92. Prairie du Chien.
93. Aggregate.

Eastern Wisconsin.

94. Fort Howard.

95. Fort Winnebago.

96. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
97. Aggregate.

Southeastern Wisconsin.

98. Fort Atkinson.
99. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
100. Aggregate.

Western Illinois. Lat 40° to 41°.

101. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
102. Aggregate.

Northwestern Illinois.
North of lat. 41°.

103. Rock Island.
104, Aggregate.

Northeastern Illinois.

105. Chicago (Fort Dearborn).
106. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
107. Aggregate.

ZONE 10.— Continued.

Eastern Illinois. Lat. 40° to 41°.
108. West Urbana, 1857.
109. Aggregate.
Northwestern Indiana.
110. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
lll. Aggregate.
Wortheastern Indiana.
112. Brockville.
113. Kendallville, 1854.
114, Aggregate.

Southwestern Michigan.
115. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
116. Aggregate.

Michigan. Lat. 43° to 45°.
117. Grand Traverse, 1854.

118. Aggregate of all stations.
Southeastern Michigan.
119. Detroit.

°120. Dearbornville Arsenal.

121. Detroit Barracks.

121(a). Fort Gratiot.

122. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
123. Aggregate of all stations.

Worthwestern Ohio.

124. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
125. Aggregate of all stations.

Northeastern Ohio.

126. Steubenville, 1833 to 1846.

127. Western Reserve College, Hud-
son, Ohio.

128. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.

129. Aggregate of all stations

Canada. South of lat. 45°.

130. Southwestern Canada.
131-2. Toronto.

133. Two preceding combined.
134. Kingston. ;

Northwestern Pennsylvania.

135. Meadville.

136. Franklin, 1841.

137. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
138. Aggregate of all stations.

Western Pennsylvania and Vir.
ginia. North of lat. 40°.

139. Alleghany Arsenal.

140, Pittsburg.

141. Butler.

142. Somerset.

143. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
144, Aggregate.

Western New York.

145. Fredonia.

146. Fort Niagara.
147. Buffalo Barracks.
148. Lewiston.

149. Buffalo Academy.
150. Springville.

151. Millville.

152. Gaines.

Jt

G

153.
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.

159.

160.

161.
162.

WINDS OF

ZONE 10.— Continued.

Middlebury.

Henrietta.

Rochester.

Prattsburg.

Canandaigua.

Cuba.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Northern Pennsylvania.
Smithport.
Aggregate.

Central Pennsylvania.

163.
164.

Ebensburg.
Bedford.

165.
166.
167.

168.
169.
170.
171.
172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.

Carlisle Barracks.
Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Central New York.

Seneca Falls.

Ledyard.

Ithaca.

Auburn.

Oswego (Fort Ontario).
Syracuse.

Mexico.

Homer.

Belleville (Ellisburgh).
Onandaga.

Pompey.

Cazenovia.

Hamilton.

Oxford.

Bridgewater.
Whitesboro’.

Utica.

Hartwick.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Northeastern Pennsylvania.

188.
189.
190.

191.
192.
193.
194.

195.

196.

Silver Lake.
Berwick, 1856 and 1857.
Aggregate.

Eastern Pennsylvania.

Northumberland.

Lancaster.

Newtown, 1841.

Easton.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Northeastern New York.

198.

Sackett’s Harbor.

198(a). Watertown Arsenal.

199.
200.
201.

Lowville.
Gouverneur.
Potsdam.

201(a). Ogdensburgh.

202.
203.
204,

205.

206.

207.
208.

209.

210.

211.

Somerville.

Malone.

Plattsburgh Academy.
Plattsburgh Barracks.

Two preceding combined.
Rouse’s Point (1839)
Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Eastern New York.

Delhi.
Fairfield.

THE

ZONE 10.— Continued.

| 212.
213.
| 214.

215.
216.
Dive
218.
219.
220.
221,
222,
223.
224.
225.
226.

227.

Cherry Valley.
Canajoharie.
Greenville.
Johnstown.
Schenectady.
Kingston.
Hudson.
Albany.
Lansingburgh.
Watervleit.
Kinderhook.
Salem.
Cambridge.
Granville.
Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57. |
Aggregate.

Southeastern New York.

228. Goshen.

229. Newburgh.

230. Bloomingdale.

231. Fort Columbus.

233-4. New York City.

235. Montgomery.

236. Poughkeepsie.

237. West Point.

238. Redhook.

239. Mount Pleasant.

240. North Salem.

241. Amenia.

241(a). White Plains.

242. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.

243, Aggregate.

244. State of New York (aggregate
previous to the year 1849).

Northern and Central New
Jersey.

. Trenton.

. Middleton.

. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.

. Aggregate.

Northern Vermont.

- Burlington.

- Newbury.

- Smithsoniau Stations, 1854-57.
2. Aggregate.

Southern Vermont.
- Rutland,
. Fayetteville.
. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
j. Aggregate.

Western Massachusetts.

- Williamstown.

. Amherst.

- Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
. Aggregate.

Connecticut.
. Salisbury.
. Litchfield.
. New Haven.
. Fort Trumbull.
265. Hampton.
265(a). Wallingford.
266. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
267. Aggregate.

Long Island.
268. Flatbush.

GLOBE.

ZONE 10.— Continued.

270.
271.
272.
273.

Jamaica.

Easthampton.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Northern New Hampshire.

274. Mt. Washington.

275. Hanover.

276. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
277. Aggregate.

Southern New Hampshire.
278. Fort Constitution.

279.
280.
281.

Dover.
Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

269. Fort Hamilton.

Rhode Island.

282. Fort Wolcott.

283. Fort Adams.

284-5. Brown University, Providence.
286. Friends’ School, Providence.
287. Newport.

288. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
289. Aggregate.

Northeastern Massachusetts.

290. Worcester, 1840 to 1853, inclu-
Slve.

Waltham.

Boston.

Fort Independence.

Ipswich.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.

Aggregate.

291.
292.
293.
294.
295.
296.

Southeastern Massachusetts.

297. Mendon.

298. New Bedford.

299. Smnithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
300. Aggregate.

Cape Cod and adjacent Islands.

301. Nantucket.
302. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
303. Aggregate.

Southwestern Maine.

304.
305.
306.
307.
308.
309.

Saco.

Brunswick.

Fort Preble.

Bath.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Southern Maine.

310. Hampden.
311. Ageregate.
3113. Carmel, 1854-57.

Southeastern Maine.

312. Eastport.

313. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
314. Aggregate.

315. New England, south of lat. 45°.

Southern Nova Scotia.
316-7. Windsor.

318. Halifax.
319. Nos. 317 and 318 combined.

SERIES A. NUMERICAL INDEX TO STATIONS.’

ZONE 10.— Continued.

Atlantic Ocean.

320-9. Long. 30° to 75° W.
330. Long. 20° to 30° W.
331. Long. 0° to 20° W.
332. Long. 0° to 45° W.

Portugal and Spain.
North of lat. 40°.

Santiago.

Corunna.
Northwestern Spain
Oporto.

Oviedo.

Leon.

Burgos.

Bilbao.

Cantabria.
Vergara.

Northern Spain.
Salamanea.
Valladolid.
Villaviciosa.
Madrid.

Soria.

Northern Central Spain.
Saragossa.

Huesca.

Balaguer.
Barcelona.
Northeastern Spain.

333.
334.
335.
336.
337.
338.
339.
340.
341.
342.
343.
344,
345.
346.
347.
348.
349,
350.
351.
352.
353.
354,

Southern France.

355-6. Bordeaux.

357. Two preceding combined.
358. Pau.

359. Eaux Bonnes.

360. Bagneres de Bigorre.
361. Toulouse.

362. Southwestern France.
363. Rodez.

364, Montpelier.

365. St. Hyppolite de Caton.
366. Orange.

367. Marseilles.

368. Southeastern France.

Italy, Dalmatia, Turkey, and

the Black Sea.

369. Nice.

370. Mentone.

371. Genoa.

372. St. Zeno.

373. Parma.

374. Bologna, 1814 to 1858.

375. Rome.

376. Naples.

377. Nos. 375 and 376 combined.
378. Ragusa.

379. Constantinople.

380.
381.

Southeastern Russia, Asia
Minor, and Transcaucasia.

382. Sebastopol.
383-4. Simferopol. .
385. Southern Crimea.
386. Trebizond.

387. Stavropol.

388. Redoutkaleh.
389. Koutais.

390. Alexandroskaya.
391. Alexandropol.
392. Tiflis.

Black Sea (west of long. 35° E.).
Black Sea (east of long. 35° E.).

393.
394,
395.
396.

ZONE 10.— Continued.

Northern Georgia.
Alagyr.

Derbend.

Bakou.

Central and Eastern Asia.

397.
398.
399.
400.

Novo Petrovsk.
Central Turkestan.
New Chwang.
Foordan.

400(a@). Possiet Bay.
400(b). Olga Bay.

401.

403.
404,
405.
406.

Hakodade.

Pacific Ocean.

Long. 125° to 135° HE.
Long. 120 to 150
Long. 135 to 140
Long. 140 to 145

be es be

407. Long. 145 to 150
ZONE Ill. Lat. 35° to 40° N.
Pacific Ocean.

1. Long. 160° to 165° W.

2. Long. 155 to160 W.

3. Long. 150 to 155 W.

4. Long. 145 to 150 W.

5. Long. 130 to 165 W.

6. Long. 140 to 145 W.

7. Long. 130 to140 W.

8. Long. 125 to130 W.

9. Long. 120 to 125 W.

California. Lat. 39° to 40°.

10. Fort Bragg.

11. Camp Wright.

12. Long. 122° to 124° W.

13. Camp Far West.

14. Truckee.

15. Long. 120° to 122°.

California. Lat. 38° to 39°.

16. Benicia.

17. Long. 122° to 123° W.

18. Sacramento, 1853 to 1859.

19. Long. 121° to 122° W.

20. Long. 120° to 121° W.

21. San Francisco, Sacramento,
Stockton, and Marysville,
1854 to 1857 inclusive.

California. Lat. 37° to 38°.

22. Alcatraz Island.

23. Angel Island.

24, 25. San Francisco.

26.
27.

California.

28.
29.

30.

3l.

Arizona.

32.
33.

Long. 121° to 123° W.
Long. 120° to 121° W.
Miller.)

(Fort

Lat. 36° to 37°.

Monterey.

Long. 121° to 122° W.

Camp Independence.
Western Nevada.

Fort Churchill.

North of lat. 55°.

Camp El Dorado.
Fort Mojave.

34.
30.
36.

37.

New Mexico.

38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44,

45.

46.
47.
48.
49.
50.

51.

52.

53.
54,
55.
56.
57.

58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.

Colorado.

59

ZONE 11.— Continued.

Camp Willow Grove.
Northwestern Arizona,
Northeastern Arizona.

Southwestern Utah.
Aggregate.

North of lat. 35°.

Fort Wingate.

Cebolletta and Lacuna.
Northwestern New Mexico.
Camp Plummer and Fort Lowell.
Cantonment Burgwin.
Northern New Mexico.

Santa Fe.

Albuquerque.

Northern Central New Mexico.
Las Vegas.

Fort Union.

Fort Bascom.

Northeastern New Mexico.

South of lat. 40°.

Central Colorado.

Tort Garland.

Fort Massachusetts.
Southern Colorado.
Fort Reynolds.

Forts Lyon and Wise.
Southeastern Colorado.

Kansas. West of long. 97°.

Fort Atkinson.

Fort Dodge.
Southwestern Kansas.
Douner’s Station.

Fort Hayes.

Fort Larned.

Western Central Kausas.

Northeastern Indian Territory.

65.
66.
67.

Fort Gibson.
Fort Wayne.
Aggregate.

Kansas. East of long. 97°.

. Fort Riley.

. Eastern Central Kansas.

- Fort Leavenworth.

. Northeastern Kansas.

. Eastern Kansas.

. Smithsonian Stations in Eastern,

Central, Northeastern, and

Eastern Kansas, 1854-57.

. Fort Scott.
. Baxter Springs.
. Southeastern Kansas.

Arkansas. North of lat. 35°.

77.
78.
79.

80.
81.
82.
$3.
84,
87.
88.

| 89.

Fort Smith.
Northwestern Arkansas.
Northeastern Arkansas.

South of lat. 40°.

Western and Central Missouri.
Southwestern Missouri.

St. Joseph’s.

Jefferson Barracks.

85, 86. St. Louis.

Eastern Missouri.

Cape Girardeau, 1256 and 1857.
Southeastern Missouri.

Missouri.

60
ZONE 11.— Continued.
Southwestern Illinois.
90. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.

91. Aggregate.

Southeastern Illinois.
92. West Salem, 1856 and 1857.
3. Aggregate.
Western Tennessee.
94. Smithsonian Stations, 1854 and
1855.
95. Aggregate.
Western Kentucky.
96. Bowling Green, autumn, 1855.
. Aggregate.
Southwestern Indiana.
. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
99. Aggregate.
Southeastern Indiana.
100. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
101. Aggregate.
Middle Tennessee.

102. Nashville.
103. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
104, Aggregate.

Northern and Central Kentucky.
105. Newport Barracks.

106. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
107. Aggregate.

Southwestern Ohio.
108. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
109. Aggregate.
Northeastern Kentucky.

110. Northeastern Kentucky.

Eastern Tennessee.

. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
. Aggregate.

Southeastern Ohio.

. Marietta.
. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
. Aggregate.

Northwestern Virginia.
South of lat. 40°.
. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
. Aggregate.
Central Virginia.
. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
. Aggregate.
Southern Virginia.
. Aggregate.
Western and Middle North
Carolina.

121. Western North Carolina.
122-3. Chapel Hill.
124. Middle North Carolina.

WINDS

OF

ZONE 11.— Continued.

Northeastern Virginia.

125. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Southern Pennsylvania.
. Aggregate.

Northern Maryland.

128. Baltimore(Maryland Academy).
129-30. Fort McHenry.
131. Aggregate.

Southern Pennsylvania and
Northern Maryland.

132. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.

District of Columbia and
Southern Maryland.

U.S, Naval Observatory.
Washington, D.C.

Fort Severn.

Fort Washington.
Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.

Southeastern Virginia.

139. Bellona Arsenal.

140-1. Old Point Comfort.

142. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
143. Aggregate.

Eastern North Carolina.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

144.
145.

Delaware.

146.
147.
148.

Fort Delaware.

Aggregate.

Delaware, Maryland, and East-
ern Virginia.

Southeastern Pennsylvania.

149. Fort Mifflin.

150. Franklin Institute, Phila.
151. Aggregate.

152. Girard College.

Southern New Jersey.

153.
154,
155.
156.

Surface winds.

Motion of clouds.

The two combined.

Delaware, Southeastern Penn-
sylvania, and Southern New
Jersey.

157. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.

Atlantic Ocean.

158-163. Long. 45° to 75° W.
164. Long. 45° to 75° W.
165-8. Long. 25° to 45° W.

Azores.

St. Michael’s.
Terceira.

Fayal.

Graciosa.

St. Mary’s.

174. Aggregate.

175. St. Michael’s, 1860-9.
175(a). Horta, Fayal.
175(b). Horta, Fayal.

169.
170.
17 Als
172.
173.

THE GLOBE.

ZONE 11.— Continued.

Atlantic Ocean.

176-8. Long. 10° to 25° W.
179. Long. 0° to 10° W.
180. Long. 0° to 45° W.

Portugal and Spain.
- South of lat. 40°.

Polytechnic School.
Lisbon.

Mafra.

Southwestern Spain.
Seville.

Tarifa.

Gibraltar.

Jaen.

Granada.

Southern Spain.
Southern Central Spain.
Albacete.

Murcia.

Alicante.

Valencia.
Southeastern Spain.
Palma.

181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.
196.
197.

Northern Algeria.
198. Arzew.
199-201. Oran and Mostaganem.
2013. Algiers.
202. Setif.
203. Oum Theboul.
204. City of Tunis, Northern Africa.

Islands of the Mediterranean
Sea and Southern Turkey.

205. Malta.
206. Corfu.
207. Syra.

208. Janina.

Turkey in Asia.

Smyrna.
Tarsus.
Cesarea.
Aleppo.
Erzeroom.
Mosul.

209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214,

Southern Transcaucasia and
Worthern Persia.

215. Ooroomiah.

216. Mt. Seir.

217. Aralikh.

218. Tabreez.

219. Lenkoran.

220. Tehran.

221. Astrabad.

Turkestan.
Merve and Shurukhs.
City of Bokhara.
Kara Korum Mountains, Leh
and Yarkund.

222.
223.

224,

Northeastern China.

225-27. Pekin.
228. Chefoo.

Pacific Ocean.
Long. 125° to 135° E.
Long. 130 to140 E.
Long. 135 to 140 E,
Long. 125 to 150 E.
Long. 140 to 150 E.

229.
230.
231.
232.
233.

SERIES A. NUMERICAL INDHX TO STATIONS.

ZONE 12. Lat. 30° to 35° N.

ST oe bo

California.

. Long.

Arizona.

Pacific Ocean.
150° to 165° W.
140
135
130
125
115

Long.
Long.
Long.
Long.
Long.
to 125

South of lat. 35°.

. Fort Tejon.

. Fort Tejon and Santa Barbara.

. Drum Barracks and Los Angeles.
. Rancho del Chino and Rancho

del Jurupa.

. San Diego.

. Southwestern California.
. Camp Cady.

. Fort Yuma.

South of lat. 35°.

14(a). Camp Colorado.

15.

New Mexico.

. Fort Bayard.

. Fort Thorn.

. Fort Webster.

. Southwestern New Mexico
. Fort Craig.

. Fort Conrad.

5. Fort McRae.

. Fort Stanton.

. Southern Central New Mexico.
. Fort Fillmore.

. Southern New Mexico.

. Socorro.

. Los Pinos.

. Central New Mexico.

. Hastern New Mexico.

56.

Camps McPherson & Skull Valley.

3. Camp McDowell.
- Camp Whipple.

Camp Verde.

- Camps McDowell, Verde, and

Whipple combined.
Central Arizona.

. Fort Buchanan.

. Fort Grant.

. Camp Walker( Waller orWalleny.
. Arizona south of lat. 32°

. Camp Goodwin.

. Fort Grant and Camp Goodwin.
. Camp Bowie.

. Southeastern Arizona.

South of lat. 35°.

Texas. North of lat. 30°.

. Fort Bliss.
. Camp Quitman.
. Western Texas.

Fort Davis.

. Fort Lancaster & Camp Stockton.
. Camp Hudson.

. Fort Chadburne.

. Fort Terrett.

- Fort McKavett.

Phantom Hill.

. Camp Colorado.
. Fort Mason.

Fort Martin Scott & Camp Verde.

56(a). Camp Cooper.

57.
58.
59.

Fort Belknap.

Fort Croghan.

Buffalo Springs and Fort Richard-
son.

60.
61.
62.

63.
64.
65.

66.
67.

68.
69.
70.
71.
72.

ZONE 12.— Continued.

Austin Barracks.

Austin, 1854-57.

Central Texas, lat. 30° to 31°;
long. 97° to 98°.

Fort Gates.

Fort Graham.

Forts Gates and Graham com-
bined.

Fort Worth.

Northern Texas, east of long.
98°.

Lat. 32° to 33°, long. 94° to 97°.

Lat. 31° to 32°, long. 94° to 97°.

Burkeville.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.

Aggregate.

Indian Territory. South of lat. 35°.

73

Arkansas.

Fort Arbuckle.

Fort Washita.
Armstrong Academy.
Fort Towson.

. Southeastern Indian Territory.

78.
79.
80.
81.
82.

Louisiana.

83.
84,
. Northwestern Louisiana.

Mississippi.

South of lat. 35°.

Little Rock.

Little Rock Arsenal.
Helena.

Lat. 34° to 35°.
Lat. 33° to 34°.

North of lat. 30°.

Fort Jesup.
Western Louisiana.

3. Black River & Trinity, 1854-57.

. Northeastern Louisiana.
. Baton Rouge.

. Eastern Louisiana.

. Petite Coquille.

. Fort Wood.

93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.

Last two combined.

North of lat. 31°.
Oxford, 1854-57.

Aggregate.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Vicksburg.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.

Aggregate.

Natchez.

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Alabama and Mississippi.

South of lat. 31°.

103. Fort Morgan.

104, Spring Hill College.
105. Mobile.

106. Aggregate.

Alabama.

Lat. 34° to 35°.

107. Surface winds.
108. Motion of clouds.
109. The two combined.

Alabama.

Lat. 33° to 34°.

110. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
111. Aggregate.

Alabama.

Lat. 32° to 33°.

112. Eutaw.
113. Tuskegee.

j 148.

61

ZONE 12.— Continued.

114. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
115. Aggregate.

Alabama. Lat. 31° to 32°.

116. Mount Vernon Arsenal.
117. Aggregate.

Western Florida. North of lat.30°.

118. Fort Barraneas.

119. Pensacola.

120. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
121. Aggregate.

Lat. 33° to 35°.

122. Summerville.

122(a). Lat. 34° to 35°.

123. Athens.

124-6. Augusta.

127. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
128. Lat. 33° to 34°.

Georgia.

Lat. 30° to 33°.

129(a). Savannah.

130. Oglethorpe Barracks.
131.
132.

Georgia.

=

Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
Aggregate.

Northeastern Florida.
. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
4, Aggregate.
South Carolina. Lat. 34° to 35°.

135. Abbeville.

136. Camden.

137. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
138. Aggregate.

South Carolina. Lat. 33° to 34°.

139. Nightingale Hall.
140. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
141. Aggregate.

South Carolina. Lat. 32° to 33°.

142. Charleston.

143. Fort Moultrie.

144. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.
145. Aggregate.

North Carolina. South of lat. 35°.
146.
147.

Kenansville.
Fort Johnston.
Beaufort.

149. Aggregate.

Bermuda Islands.
150.

151.
152.

Centre Signal Station.
H. M. Dockyard.
Aggregate.

Atlantic Ocean and Madeira
Islands.

153-8. Long. 45° to 75° W.
159. Long. 45° to 75° W.

160. Long. 40 to 45 W.

161. Long. 35 to40 W.

162. Long. 30 to35 W.

163. Long. 20 to 30 W.

164, Funchal, 1826 and 8.

165. Funchal, 1526, 7 and 8.
166. At sea, long. 5° to 20° W.
167. At sea, long. 5° to 45° W.

62 WINDS OF

ZONE 12 —Continued.

Southern Algeria, Tripoli, and
Northern Egypt.

168. Geryville, Algeria.

169. Desert of Sahara, lat. 30° to
33° N., long. 0° to 1° W.

170-1. Desert of Sahara, lat. 32° to
341 N., long. 2° to 7° W.

172. Biskra, Algeria.

173. City of Tripoli.

174. Alexandria.

175. Cairo.

176. Rosetta.

Eastern Mediterranean Sea and
its Islands.

177. At sea.
178. Larnaca.

Turkey in Asia.

179. Jerusalem.
180. Beirut.
181. Bahmdun.
182, Damascus.
183. Bagdad.
184. Bassora.

Northern India.

185. Moultan.

186. Peshawur.

187. Kotgarh and vicinity.
188. Dehra Doon.

China and Southern Japan.

189. Shanghae.
190. Tinghai. ,
191. Decima.
192. Nangasaki.
193. Simoda.

Pacific Ocean.
194. Long. 120° to 150° E.

ZONE 13. Lat. 25° to 30° N.

Pacific Ocean.

- Long. 155° to 165° W
. Long. 145 to 155 W.
- Long. 135 to145 W.
- Long. 125 to135 W.
- Long. 105 to125 W.

aR oo he

Eastern Mexico. Lat. 25° to 27°.

6. Monterey, ete.
7. Matamoras.
8. The two combined.

Southwestern Texas.
Lat. 29° to 30°.

9. Fort Clark.

10. Fort Lincoln.

11. Fort Inge.

12. Forts Lincoln and Inge com-
bined.

Southern Central Texas.
Lat. 29° to 30°.
13. San Antonio.
14. New Braunfels.
15. Aggregate.

| 19. Long. 98° to 100°.

ZONE 13.— Continued.

Texas. Lat. 28° to 29°.
16. Fort Duncan.
17. Fort Ewell.
18. Fort Merrill.

20. Southeastern Texas, east of
long. 98°.

Southern Texas.

South of lat. 28°.
21. Fort McIntosh and Laredo.
22. Ringgold Barracks.

23. San Patricio and Corpus Christi.
24-5. Forts Brown, Polk, and Mata-
moras.
Southern Texas. Lat. 29° to 30°.
26. Galveston.
27. Aggregate.

Southeastern Louisiana. H

28. New Orleans Barracks.

29. Aggregate.

30-1. New Orleans.

32. Fort Jackson.

33. Lat. 29° to 30° in Eastern Texas,
Louisiana, and Florida,

Florida. Lat. 29° to 30°.

34. Cedar Keys.

35. Fort King.

36. Cedar Keys and Fort King com-
bined.

37. Fort Shannon.

38. St. Augustine.

39-40. Fort Marion.

41. Smithsonian Stations, 1854-57.

42. Aggregate.

Florida. Lat. 25° to 29°.

43. New Sinyrna.

44. Port Orange.

45. Eastern Florida, lat. 28° to 29°.
46. Tampa Bay.

47-8. Fort Brooke.
49. Fort Meade.

50. Western Florida, lat. 27° to 28°.
51. Fort Pierce.

52. Fort Meyers.

53. Fort Deynoud.

54. Southwestern Florida.

55. Fort Dallas.

56. Cape Florida.

57. Southeastern Florida.

58. Carysford Reef.

59. Northern Bahamas.

Atlantic Ocean.

60-70. Long. 15° to 80° W.
71. Teneriffe, Canary Islands.

Egypt and Mount Sinai.

72. Western Egypt.
73. River Nile, lat. 27° to 30°.
74. Upper Egypt, Cossier, and Valley
of Nile, lat. 24° to 27°.
75. Mount Sinai.
6. Persian Gulf.

India.
77. Sukhur.
78. Ajmere.
79. Meerut.

THE GLOBE.

ZONE 13.— Continued.

80. Roorkee.

81. Agra.

82. Jahusie.

83. Chuckrata.

84. Bareilly.

85. Futtehghur.

86. Northern Central India.

87. Futtehpore, Patna, and River
Ganges.

88. Morar.

89. Seetapore.

90. Fyzabad.

91. Nagode.

92. Nowgong.

93. Aggregate.

94. Benares.

95. Goruckpore.”

96. Mozufferepore.

97. Northeastern India.

Loo-Choo, and Bonin Islands,
and Pacific Ocean.
East of long. 180°.

98. At sea, long. 110° to 135° E.
99. At sea, long. 115 to135 E.
100. Napha.
101-3. At sea, long. 120° to 150° E.

ZONE 14. Lat. 20° to 25° N.

Sandwich Islands and the
Pacific Ocean. East of long. 180°.

At sea, long. 155° to 165° W.
Sandwich Islands.

At sea, long. 140° to 155° W.
At sea, long. 125 to140 W.
At sea, long. 115 to125 W.
At sea, long. 105 to 115 W.
. Eastern Mexico.

Yucatan, Central America.

IS Tye go bo

Plorida Keys.

9. Key West.

9(a). Fort Taylor.

10. Key West Barracks.
11. Salt Ponds, 1855-57.
12. Tortugas Island.

13. Indian Key.

13(a). Fort Jefferson.
14. Aggregate.

West Indies.

15. Havana.

16. Matanzas.

17. Northern Cuba.
18. Turk’s Island.

Atlantic Ocean.
19-28. Long. 15° to 80° W.

Northwestern Nubia,Red Sea,
and Western Arabia.

29. Northwestern Nubia.

30. Red Sea.

31. Jidda, Arabia.
32, Arabiau Sea, long. 56° to 724° E.

India.

33. Kurrachee.
34. Nagpoor.
35. Dum-Dum.
36. Calcutta.

€ SERIES A.

ZONE 14.—Continucd.

37. Two combined.
38. Bancoora.
39. Akyab.

Bay of Bengal,China, China Sea,
and Pacific Ocean.
West of long. 180°.

. Bay of Bengal.
. China Sea, long. 106° to 115° E.
. Hongkong.
. China Sea, long. 115° to 120° E
. Pacific Ocean,

long. 120° to 130° E.
. Pacifie Ocean,

long. 130° to 150° B.

ZONE 15. Lat. 15° to 20° N.

Pacific Ocean. East of long. 180°.

. Long. 150° to 165° W.
. Long. 135 to 150 W.
. Long. 120 to 135 W.
. Long. 110 to120 W.
. Long. 90 to110 W.

ob oo poe

Southern Mexico.

6-7. City of Mexico.

8. Cordova.

9. Mirador.

. Vera Cruz.

- Mazatlan.

. Northern Coast of Tehuantepec.
. Truxillo.

West Indies.

. Up Park Camp.

. St. Domingo.

. Porto Rico.

- Sombrero.

. Four preceding combined.

Atlantic Ocean.

Long. 60° to 80° W.
Long. 55 to 60 W.
Long. 50 to55 W.
22. Long. 45 to50 W.
23. Long. 45 to 80 W.
24-27. Long. 15° to 45° W.
28. Long. 15° to 45° W.

19.
20.
ail.

Africa and Southwestern
Arabia.

29. Timbuctoo.

30. Nubia, lat. 15° to 20° N.

31. Northern Abyssinia and the Red
Sea.

Arabian Sea. Long. 50° to 74° HE.
33. Long. 50° to 70° E.
34. Long. 70° to 74° E.
India.
35. Bombay.
36. Duklum.

Bay of Bengal, China Sea, and
Pacific Ocean.
West of long. 180°.

37. Bay of Bengal, long. 79° to 85° E.
38. Bay of Bengal, long. 85° to 90° E.

NUMERICAL INDEX TO STATIONS.

ZONE 15.— Continued.

39.
40.
41.
42.
43.

Bay of Bengal, long. 90° to 98° E.
China Sea, long. 106° to 115° E.
China Sea, long. 115° to 120° E.
Pacific Ocean, long.120° to 130° E.
Pacific Ocean, long.130° to 150° E.

ZONE 16. Lat. 10° to15° N.

Pacific Ocean. East of long. 180°.

. Long. 145° to 165° W.
. Long. 125 to145 W.
- Long. 115 to 125 W.
. Long. 105 to1l5 W.
Long. 85 to 105 W.
. City of Guatemala.

ST SS

New Granada and Venezuela.
Northern parts of each.

7. Cartagena, New Granada.
8. Porto Cabello, Ven.
9. Colonia Tovar, Ven.
10-11. Caraccas, Ven.
12. Northern Venezuela.

Wrest Indies.

13. Port of Spain.
14-15. Barbadoes.

Atlantic Ocean.

16. Long. 50° to 75° W.
17. Long. 45 to50 W.
18. Long. 45 to 75 W.
19-23. Long. 15° to 45° W.
24. Long. 15° to 45° W.
25. District of Senaar, Southern Nu- |
bia.

Abyssinia and Southern Arabia. |

26. Western Abyssinia.
27. Adouah and vicinity.
28. Eastern Abyssinia,

lat. 10° to 14° N.
29, Aden.

Red Sea and Arabian Sea.
Long. 40° to 75° E.

. Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.

Long. 40° to 50° EH.
- Long. 50° to 60° E.
2. Long. 60° to 75° E.

India.
. Seringapatam.
- Dodabetta.
. Passumlic.
. Madras, 1837 to 1843.
. Madras, 1847 to 1850.

Bay of Bengal, Gulf of Siam,
China Sea, and Pacific Ocean.
West of long. 180°.

38. Bay of Bengal, long. 80° to 85° E.
39. Bay of Bengal, long. 85° to 90° E.

4). Bay of Bengal, long. 90° to 98° E.
41. Port Blair.
42. Gulf of Siam, long. 100° to 105° E.
43-5. Chinese Sea,

long. 106° to 120° E.
46. St. Anna
47. Pacific Ocean, long. 120° to130° E.
48. Pacific Ocean, long. 130° to 150°E.

635
ZONE 17. Lat. 5° to 10° N.

Pacific Ocean. East of long. 180°.
1-10. Long. 75° to 165° W.

Costa Rica.
11. Heredia.
12. San Jose.
13. Heredia and San Jose combined.

New Granada, South America.
14. Chagres.

15. Aspinwall.

16. Mauzanilla.

17. Panama.

18. Isthmus of Darien

19. Caledonia Bay.

Guiana, South America.
Our Village.

Georgetow.

Catharina Sophia.
Aggregate.

20.
21.
22.
24,

Atlantic Ocean and Africa.
25-31. Long. 10° to 55° W.
32. Long. 10° to 55° W.
33. Liberia, Africa.
33(a). Guinea, Africa.
34. Abyssinia, lat. 9° to 10° N.
35. Long. 40° to 60° E.
36. Long. 60 to 75 E.
37. Long. 75 to 80 E.

Island of Ceylon, Indian Ocean.
38. Colombo.

39. Point de Galle.

40. Trincomalee.

4\. Nos. 38, 39, 40 combined.

Indian Ocean, China Sea, and
Pacific Ocean. West of long. 180°.
42-45. Indian Ocean,

long. 80° to 105° E.
46-48. China Sea,

long. 105° to 125° E.
49. Pacific Ocean,

long. 125° to 150° E.

ZONE 18. Lat. 0° to 5° N.

Pacific Ocean. East of long. 180°.
1-15. Long. 75° to 165° W.

South America.
16-17. Cayenne.

Atlantic Ocean and Africa.
18-23. Long. 10° to 55° W.
24, Long. 10° to 55° W.
25. Cape Palmas, Liberia, Africa.
26. Speke’s Station (near the source
of the Nile), Africa.

Indian Ocean.
27-32. Long. 40° to 105° E.
33. Singapore.

China Sea, Celebes Sea, and
Pacific Ocean.
34. China Sea, long. 195° to 110° E.
35-7. Celebes Sea,
long. 110° to 130° E.
38-41. Pacific Ocean,
long. 125° to 150° E.

64
ZONE 19. Lat. 0° to 5°5S.

Pacific Ocean.
1-19. Long. 80° to 180° W.

Atlantic Ocean.

35° to 40° W.

36° to 39° W., lat. 1° to 3°
36 to39 W.,lat.3 tod
35 to39 W.,lat.3 tod
35 to36 W.,lat.3 tod
32 to36 W.,lat.1 to3
32 to35 W.,lat.3 tod
0
1
3

. Long.
. Long.
. Long.
. Long.
. Long.
. Long.
3. Long.
. Long.
. Long.
. Long.
. Long.

30 to35 W.,lat.0 tod
29 to32 W.,lat.1 to3
29 to32 W.,lat.3 tod
25 to30 W.,lat.0 tod
. Long. 20 to25 W.,lat.0 to5
. Long.15 to20 W.,lat.0 tod
. Long.15 toll E., lat. 0 tod

BP TA ht tn th

co

Indian Ocean.
35-42. Long. 39° to 110° E.

East Indies.

Padang.
Palembang.
Southwestern Sumatra.
Banjarmassin.
Indian Ocean,

long. 110° to 125° E.
Amboina, Spice Islands.

43.
44.
45.
46.
47.

48.

Pacific Ocean.
49. Long. 125° to 135° E.
50. Long. 145 to160 E.
51. Long. 145 to170 E.
52-54. Long. 160° to 180° E.
55-56. Indian Ocean,
long. 80° to 100° E.

ZONE 20. Lat. 5° to 10°S.

Pacific Ocean.

1. Long. 165° to 180° W.
2-13. Long. 85° to 165° W.
14. Long. 78° to 85° W.

Atlantic Ocean.

o °o
35 to 36 W.
34 to 36 W.
33 to 35 W.
30 to 35 W.
31 to 34 W.
31 to 33 W.
75., long. 29 to 31 W.
o 985., long. 29 to 39 W.
. 25 to 30 W.
. Lat. . 20 to 25 W.
- Lat. 5 to 10 S., long. 15 to 20 W.
. Ascension Island.
. Lat. 5 to 10 58., long.
5. Lat. 5 to 10 5., long.

15° E.

. Lat.
- Lat.
. Lat.
. Lat.
. Lat.
Relate
. Lat.
. Lat.
. Lat.

to 10 5., long.
to 75., long.
to 95., long.
0 105., long.
o 758., long.
o 95., long.

OU AT OV AT OV or ST or Ot,

10 to 15 W.
10 W. to

Indian Ocean.
30. Long. 39° to 45° E.
31-42. Long. 45° to 110° E.

Southern Java, East Indies.

43. Buitenzorg.
44, Banjoewangi.
45. Southern Java.

ZONE 20.— Continued.

Pacific Ocean.
46-55. Long. 110° to 180° E.

ZONE 20}. (Supplementary

Zone.)
Atlantic Ocean. Coast of
Brazil.
Lat. 9° to 11° S.

56. Long. 34° to 37° W.
17. Long. 32 to 34 W.
58. Long. 29 to32 W.

ZONE 21. Lat. 10° to 15° S.

Pacific Ocean.

1-3. Long. 180° to 170° W.

4. Pago-pago, Navigator’s Islands.
5-12. Long. 80° to 170° W.
13. Long. 76° to 80° W.
14. Callao, Peru, South America.

Atlantic Ocean.

fe] fe]
10 to 15 8., long.
13 to 15 8., long.
11 to1358., long.
13 to 15 5., long.
11 to 135., long.
11 to 135., long.
13 to 155 , long.
10 to 15 §., long.
23. Lat. 10 to 15 8., long.
24. Lat. 10 to 15 §., long.
25-28. Long. 5° to 25° W.
29. Long. 5° W. to 13° E.

15.
16.
Ife
18.
19.
20.
21.

22.

Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.

Indian Ocean.
30-38. Long. 40° to 100° E.
39. Northern Australia.

Pacific Ocean.
40-45. Long. 105° to 180° E.

ZONE 22. Lat. 15° to 20°S.

Pacific Ocean.

1. Feejee Islands.

2-6. Long. 150° to 180° W.
7. Tahiti, Society Islands.
8-13. Long. 70° to 150° W.

Bolivia, South America.
14.

15.

Lake Titicaca.
Cochahamba.

Atlantic Ocean.

oO fo
17to195., long.
15 to 175., long.
15 to 208., long.
17 to 195., long.
15 to175., long.
15 to 205., long.
17 to 198., long.
15 to175., long.
17 to195S., long.
15 to 205., long.
15 to 208., long

16.
yf
18.
9:
20.
al.
99

23.
24.
25.
26.
ae

Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.

io} °
35 to 39 W.
35 to 39 W.
34 to 38 W.
32 to 35 W.
32 to 34 W.
29 to 32 W.
29 to 32 W.
30 to 35 W.
25 to 30 W.
20 to 25 W.

° io}
36 to 39 W.
35 to 39 W.
35 to 39 W.
34 to 36 W. |
32 to 35 W.
30 to 35 W.
32 to 34 W.
29 to 32 W.
29 to 32 W.
25 to 30 W.
. 20 to 25 W.
15 to 20 S., long. 10 to 25 W. | 39.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

ZONE 22.— Continued.

Lat. 15 to 20 S., long. 10 to 20 W.
Lat. 15 to208., long. 5to10 W.

28.
29,

30. St. Helena, Atlantic Ocean.
31. Lat. 15 to 2058., long. Oto 5 W.

32. Lat. 15 to 205., long. 0 to 124 E.

Mozambique Channel and
Madagascar.

At sea.

Tananarivou.

Tamatave.

Aggregate.

33.
34.
Bpe
36.
Indian Ocean.
37-46. Long. 50° to 120° E.

Northern Australia.

47. Sween Island.

Pacific Ocean.

48. Long. 150° to 175° E.
49. Long. 150 to 180 E.
50. Long. 175 to 180 E.

ZONE 223. (Supplementary

Zone.)
Atlantic Ocean. Lat. 19° to21°S.
51-54. Long. 29° to 39° W.

ZONE 23. Lat. 20° to 25° S.

Pacific Ocean.
1-6. Long. 150° to 180° W.

7. Long. 100° to 150° W.
8. Long. 100 to 120 W.
9. Long. 95 10120 W.
10. Long. 90 to 120 W.
11. Long. 80 to 100 W.
12. Long. 80 to 95 W.
13. Long. 70 to 120 W.

14-17. Long. 70° to 90° W.
18. Rio Janeiro, Brazil.

Atlantic Ocean.

fe) °
40 to 45 W.
37 to 39 W.
37 to 39 W.
35 to 40 W.
34 to 37 W.
34 to 37 W.
30 to 35 W.

19. Lat.
20. Lat.
21. Lat.
22. Lat.
23. Lat.
24, Lat.
25. Lat.
26. Lat.
27. Lat.
28. Lat.
29. Lat.
30. Lat.
Blieliats
32. Lat.
33. Lat.
34. Lat.
35. Lat.

oO °

20 to 25 S., long.
23 to 258., long.
21 to 235., long.
20 to 25 8., long.
21 to 23 8., long.
23 to 25 8., long.
20 to 25 S., long.
21 to 238., long. 31 to 34 W.
23 to 25.8., long. 31 to 34 W.
21 to 23 S., long. 29 to 31 W.
23 to 25 S., long. 29 to 31 W.
20 to 25 S., long. 25 to 30 W.
20 to 25 8., long. 20 to 25 W.
20 to 255., long. 5 to 20 W.
20 to 25S., long. Oto 5 W.
20 to 255., long. Oto 5 E.

20 to 25 8., long. 5 to15 KB.

Mozambique Channel and
Indian Ocean.

36. Mozambique Channel,

long. 36° to 40° E.
Mozambique Channel,

long. 40° to 45° E.
Indian Ocean, long. 47° to 50° E.

Indian Ocean, long. 50° to 55° E.

37.
38.

SERIES A.

ZONE 23.— Continued.

Isle of Bourbon and Mauritius.

40. St. Paul.
Al. St. Peter.
42. St. Dennis.
43. Port Louis.

Indian Ocean.

44-50. Long. 55° to 85° E.
51. Long. 85° to 100° E.
52-53. Long. 105° to 115° E.

New Caledonia and Pacific
Ocean. West of long. 150°.

54. At sea, long. 150° to 165° E.
55. Port of France.
56-57. At sea, long. 150° to 180° BH.

ZONE 24. Lat. 25° to 30°S.

Pacific Ocean.

1. Long. 175° to 180° W.
2-8. Long. 150° to 175° W.

9. Long. 120° to 150° W.
10. Long. 105 to 120 W.
11. Long. 100 to 120 W.
12. Long. 100 to1l15 W.
13. Long. 90 to1l5 W.
14. Long. 90 to 105 W.
14(a). Long. 70° to 120° W.
15. Long. 85° to 100° W.
16. Long. 80° to 95° W.
17-21. Long. 70° to 90° W.

Northern Chili and Southern
Paraguay, South America.

23. Chanacillo, Chili.
24, Assumption, Paraguay.

Atlantic Ocean.

25-33. Long. 0° to 50° W.
34. Long. 5° W. to 5° H.
35-37. Long. 0° to 15° E.
38. Natal, Southern Africa.

Indian Ocean.
39. Long. 31° to 35° EH.
40-50. Long. 35° to 85° E.
51. Long. 85° to 100° E.
52, 53. Long. 105° to 115° E.
54. Brisbane.

Pacific Ocean.

55. Long. 150° to 165° E.
56. Long. 165° to 180° E.

ZONE 25. Lat. 30° to 35° S.

Pacific Ocean.
1-8. Long. 150° to 180° W.
9. Long. 120° to 150° W.
10-13. Long. 100° to 120% W.
14-19. Long. 71° to 100° W.

Central Chili, South America.
20. Valparaiso.
21. Santiago.

Argentine Republic and South-
ern Uruguay.

22. Mendoza.

23. Parana.
9 June, 1874,

NUMERICAL INDEX

ZONE 25.— Continued.

24. Buenos Ayres.
25. Montevideo and Maldonado.

Atlantic Ocean.

26. Long. 45° to 53° W.
27-35. Long. 0° to 45° W.
36-40. Long. 0° to 26° i.

Cape Colony, South Africa.

41, 42. Capetown.
43. Graff Reinet.
44. Graham’s Town.

Indian Ocean.

46-66. Long. 20° to 110° E.
67. Long. 110° to 120° E.

Australia.

Freemantle.
Adelaide.

. Bucksfelde.
. Sidney.

Pacific Ocean.
72-77. Long. 151° E. to 180°.

ZONE 26. Lat. 35° to 40° S.

Pacific Ocean.

1-2. Long. 170° W. to 180°.
3. Long. 165° to 180° W.

4. Long. 165 to1l75 W.
5-10. Long. 140° to 170° W.
11. Long 120° to 165° W.
12. Long. 120 to 150 W.
13. Long. 120 to 140 W.
14-26. Long. 73° to 120° W.

Atlantic Ocean.

27-41. Long. 0° to 60° W.
42-45. Long. 0 to 20° KE.

Indian Ocean.
46-71. Long. 20° to 145° EB.

Victoria, Australia, and New
Zealand.

2. Sandhurst.

3. Portland.

. Ballaarat.

. Geelong.

j. Cape Otway.

. 8. W. Victoria.
. Melbourne.

. Yan Yean.

. Heathcote.

. Castlemaine.

. Beechworth.

. Camperdown.

. Port Albert.

. Ararat.

86 and 87. Gabo Island.
88. Russel.

89. Bay of Islands.
90. Aukland.

Pacific Ocean.
91-100. Long. 145° E. to 180°.

LO

SEONG Se (6y5)

ZONE 27. Lat. 40° to 45° 8.

Pacific Ocean.

1-5. Long. 165° to 180° W.
6-9. Long. 150 to165 W.
10. Long. 120° to 165° W.
11. Long. 120 to 150 W.
12. Long. 100 to 120 W.
13-17. Long. 73° to 100° W.

Southern Chili.
17(a). Puerto Montt.

Atlantic Ocean.

18-28. Long. 0° to 65° W.
29. Long. 35° W. to 20° EB.
30-33. Long. 0° to 20° E.

Indian Ocean.

34-49. Long. 20° to 55° E.
43. Long. 45° to 60° KE.

44. Long. 55 to 60 4H.
45-54. Long. 60° to 100° E.
55-65. Long. 105° to 145 E.

Van Dieman’s Land (Tasmania).

66. Hobart Town.
67. Port Arthur.
68. Kent's Group.

Pacific Ocean.

69-78. Long. 140° to 180° E..

Middle New Zealand.

79. Lyttleton.

80. Nelson.

81. Wellington.
82. Aggregate.

ZONE 28. Lat. 45° to 50°S.

Pacific Ocean.

1-7. Long. 155° to 180° W.
8. Long. 150° to 165° W.
9. Long. 150 to 155 W.
10. Long. 120 to165 W.
11. Long. 120 to 150 W.
12-17. Long. 100° to 120° W.
17(a). Long. 85 to 120 W.
18-24. Long. 75 to1l0 W.

Atlantic Ocean.
25-29. Long. 35° to 68° W.
30. Long. 5° to 20° W.
31. Long. 3° W. to 15° E.
32. Long. 5° to 20° E.

Indian Ocean.
33. Long. 20° to 45° E.
34-39(a). Long. 45° to 80° E.
40. Kerguelen’s Land, or Desolation
Island.
41-51. Long. 70° to 145° E.

Pacific Ocean.
52-63. Long. 135° to 180° E.

Southern New Zealand.
64. Southland.
65. Dunedin.
66. South Island.

66
ZONE 29. Lat. 50° to 55° S.

Pacific Ocean.

1. Long. 165° to 180° W.

2,3. Long. 150° to 165° W.

4. Long. 120° to 165° W.

5. Long. 120 to 150 W.

6-14. Long. 80° to 120° W.

15-26. Lat. 50° to 54° S., long. 75°?
to 89° W.

Patagonia and Falkland Islands.

263. Puuta Arenas.

27. Port Louis.

Atlantic Ocean.

27(a). Lat. 50° to 54° S., long. 55° |

to 70° W.
44-45. Lat. 50° to 55° S., long. 35°
to 55° W.
46. Lat. 50° to 55° S., long. 35° W.
to 6° E.
47. Lat. 50° to 55° S., long. 3° W.
to 13° E.
48. Lat. 50° to 55° S., long. 6° to |
30° E.
49. Lat. 50° to 55°S., long. 20° to
22° EB.

Antarctic Ocean and Heard’s
Island.

. At sea, long. 51° to 54° E.

. Heard’s Island.

. At sea, long. 69° to 75° E.
. At sea, long. 65 to 97 E.
. At sea, long.110 to 135 E.
. At sea, long.155 to 165 E.
3. At sea, long.165 to180 E.

Lat. 54° to 56° S.

Off Cape Horn. Long. 55° to 89°W.
1-16. Long. 55° to 89° W.

ZONE 30. Lat. 55° to 60° S.

Antarctic Ocean.

1. Long. 175° to 180° W.

2. Long. 120 to165 W.

3. Long. 85 to115 W.

4-6. Lat. 56° to 58°, long. 79° to
89° W.

7-26. Lat. 55° to 60°, long. 67° to
85° W.

27. Orange Bay and vicinity, Terra
del Fuego.

28. Saint Martin’s Cove and vicinity,
Terra del Fuego.

Antarctic Ocean.
Long. 73° W., eastwardly to 180°.

29-39. Lat. 55° to 60°, long. 50° to

3" We
40. Long. 4° to 10° W.
41. Long. 30 W. to 6° E.
42. Long. 10 to 32° E,
43. Long. 49 to 52 E.
44. Long. 74 to1l10 E.
45. Long. 120 to 152 E.
46. Long. 160 to180 E.

ZONE 31. Lat. 60° to 65° S.
Antarctic Ocean.

W.

1. Lat. 60 to 65, long. 150 to 175 W.
35 W.

2. Lat. 62 to 65, long. 133 tol

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
ZONE 29}. (Supplementary
Zone.)

il

1

SAAS TR 9

10.
ati
12.

Oot YS 09 BO

3. Antarctic Ocean,

ZONE 31.— Continued.

° ie}
84to 117 W.
63to 83 W.

5to 50 W.
llto 14W.

° fe)
60 to 64, long.
60 to 62, long.
60 to 65, long.
60 to 65, long.
60 to 61, long. 12to 148.
60 to 65, long. 28to 47 E.
60 to 61, long. 107 to 118 E.
60 to 65, long. 95 to 115 EB.
60 to 65, long. 130 to 135 E.
60 to 65, long. 160 to 176 E.

Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.
Lat.

ZONE 32. Lat. 65° to 70° S.
Antarctic Ocean,

° ° fe}
Lat. 65 to 70, long. 135 to 150 W.
. Lat. 65 to 70, long. 100 to 110 W.
Lat. 65 to 70,long. 8to 20W.
sata Gielo/ lon pesees see
Lat. 65 to 67, long. 105 to 160 E.
Lat. 65 to 70, long. 166 to 176 E.

ZONE 33. Lat. 70° to 75° S.

. Antarctic Ocean,
long. 106° to 108° W.

2. Antarctic Ocean,

long. 15° to 18° W.

long. 166° to 176° E.

ZONE 34. Lat. 75° to 80° S.
. Long. 166° to 168° E.

ZONES 35, 36. Lat. 80° to 90° S.

No observations.

GENERAL TABLES

CONTAINING ~*

: RESULTS OF OBSERVATIONS GROUPED IN ZONES OF LATITUDE OF 5° EACH, AND
ARRANGED IN EACH ZONE BY SERIAL NUMBERS, IN THE ORDER OF
THE LONGITUDES OF THE RESPECTIVE PLACES, BEGINNING
AT 180° FROM GREENWICH, AND PROCEEDING
EASTWARD AROUND THE GLOBE.

(67 )

Fond antral an i?
i . {
F) foul Lit Sa
pues ‘as
=.
a
? ‘ as Hi ke ay
by ER An -aait
ii (HY 7 7 JB
ln et
’
Log ‘ iy
U (fie (lirl, us “
1 Metijp ode
| ae Tt
Lin aii) v
*
.

als 1 sham aint i

(| ied ips

7 nak i
yl tt! 2 Tess Jin
yoy he ernCRe Veni pare My a

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

SERIES B. GENERAL TABLES.

ZONE No. i.

LATITUDE 85° To 90° Nortu.

Tus zone having never been visited by man, direct observations of its winds are
wanting, and their character must necessarily be very much a matter of conjecture.
It can only be inferred very obscurely from that of those in the contiguous zones.
If ever the north pole is reached, the wind there may perhaps more probably be
found to blow from the direction of the Eastern Siberian polar seas, towards Iceland,
on the west of Europe.

ZORE No. &.
LatirupE 80° to 85° Norra.

The materials for the study of the winds of this zone consist of the observations
of Dr. Kane and his party, for five days in the summer of 1854, on the eastern
shore of Smith’s Strait, those of the German Polar Expedition north of Spitzbergen
for four days in July and August and five in September, 1868; those of Parry
from June 25 to August 10, 1827, on the ice north of Spitzbergen,—periods of
time too short to afford any very reliable results; and those of Captain Hall’s party
from November 6, 1871, to August 15,1872. In May, 1861, Dr. Hayes and party
spent ten days in this zone, on the western shore of Smith’s Strait, but do not appear
to have taken note of the direction of the wind to any great extent. With the
exception of Captain Hall’s command, that spent the winter of 1871—2 in latitude
82° 16’ N. in Polaris Bay, no other civilized parties have ever travelled north of the
80th parallel. The observed directions of the wind, and the computed resultants,
were as follows :—

(No. 1.) Smith’s Strait. Longitude 65° to 75° W.

Observed directions—N. 3, N. E. 1, calm 1; total 5.
Direction of resultant N. 10° 50’ E.???
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .75

{ 69)

70 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 2.) Arctic Ocean. Longitude 5° to 25° E. Summer.

Observed directions—North 6, N. N. E. 2, N. E. by N. 3, N. E.1, E.N. E.1. East
9, E. by 8. 3, E.S. E. 9, S. E. by E. 3, S. E. 14, 8. E. by S. 1, S. by E. 1. South 7, S.
by W. 3, S. W. 10, S. W. by W217, WoS2Weo., Westra, Wo by Ne 2 avy earns:
N. W. 3, N. W. by N. 1, calm 3; total 94.

Direction of resultant 8. 30° 7 E.

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .30.

Number of days 51.

(No. 3.) Arctic Ocean. Longitude 7° to 17° HE. Autumn.

Observed directions—S. 8. E. 1, 8.S. W. 1, W. 1, N. N. W. 1, N. by W. 1.
Direction of resultant, N. 87° 50’ W.222

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .32.

Number of days 5.

(No. 4.) Polaris Bay,’ winter quarters of the U. 8. Arctic Expedition under Capr. Hat.
Observed from November 6, 1871, to August 15, 1872, by Dr. BrssEts.

2
n
4
4

| January
| February
| March

| April

| May

| June

| July
August

| November
| December
Spring
Summer
Winter

—

SCrMompanocone
DBOWRPROWDRDRwWOoOOWH

Number of observations.

ao 5
DAAnWwunroDraDNWATWWwW SO =

ee
HFaONWwNocoRTDawwor

January

| February
March
April
May

| June
July
August
November
| December
Spring
Summer

Winter

—_

bo
PNnbkanon

me bo bo
DAOrRrFAMnaAawe

—

Number of miles.

Spring Sop Peele
Summer 12.56 15.96
Winter 14.90) 18.42

Mean velocity
Miles per hour ) |

' The observations were horary, with some interruptions. They are calculated here for the hours 1} and 73 A. M.
and P. M. only.

SERIES B. ZONE 3. LAT. 75° TO 80° N. 71

.

ZONE No. 3.

Latitupe 75° to 80° Norra.

The observations in this zone were made by different Arctic explorers for an
aggregate period of 3120 days, or more than eight and a half years.

(Nos. 1 to 5.) Western Arctic Ocean (north of America).

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Northumberland Sound, by Belcher, from August Ist, 1852, to June 30th, 1853.

At sea (lougitude 90° to 97° W.) by Kane, Penny, and Belcher in the years 1850 to 1858, for an
aggregate period of 96 days.

Port Refuge, Disaster Bay, by Belcher, from August 18th, 1853, to August 23d, 1854.

At sea (longitude 70° to 90° W.), by Ross, for 10 days in the summer of 1818; by Snow, for 4
days in the summer of 1850; by Kane, for 33 days in the spring and summer of 1850, and summer.
of 1853; and by McClintock, for three days in the autumn of 1857, and for 10 days in the summer
of 1858; making an aggregate of 60 days. The observations in spring were made between the
meridians of 80° and 90°, and those in summer and autumn between 70° and 80°.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

A
O28
ds)
21)
oir

Direction of
Resultant.

Place of observation. |Time of the

year. Direction,

tween 8. & W.
we | N. W. or be-
=I | tween N. & W.
co
variable.
Ratio of Resultant f
to sum of winds.

5. W. or be-
Number of days.

tween N.& E.

N. E. or be-
Calm or

ox
oo
rss
i)
=

Spring | ie)
Summer B 32, | 82
Autuinn c 148
Winter 5 2 65
The year!| ... | -.. ||... coo |} cea |! ce
Spring 0
Summer | t , 395
Autumn 2
Spring } 5 124
Summer 2 108
Autumn 1118}
Winter 219) 79
The year! ooo |} aco : cde. }} ‘coo. ||) ado

Northumberland
Sound

i)
Hae

—
ns

At sea
(lon. 90° to 97° W.)

DIA

He
ON

Port Refuge

SIP lol ok-P- lll hort

<< ee

Pn nA iA

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DifFeRENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
Resultant.

Place of observation. |Time of the
year.

N. N. W.

variable,
to sum of winds,

Ratio of Resultant

Direction.

Calm or
Number of days.

| Amount,

(Sy)
ioe)

{| Spring w+] O|...| Of-..} Ol...| }...| O]...] O|...| 1]...] 0] 8. 67°47" w.r77| .

5 |At sea Summer 23) 4 1814 N. 6 50 W.
(lon. 70° to 80° W.) (| Autumn S. 79 35 W.???

(lon. 80° to 90° W.)

or
qo bo

(Nos. 6, 7, and 8.) Northern Greenland.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Port Foulke, by Isaac I. Hayes, from September Ist, 1860, to July 31st, 1861.
Rensselaer Bay, under direction of Elisha Kent Kane, from September Ist, 1853, to Jan. 24th, 1855.
Lifeboat Cove, under Capt. Hall; from Nov. 1, 1872, to May 31, 1873. Observed by Dr. Bessels.

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons,

12 WINDS OF THE GHOBE. |
At Port Foulke and Rensselaer Bay the estimated velocity of the wind was indicated by a scale

of numbers extending from 1 to 10, as follows :-—

Pressure in Velocity in Pressure in Velocity in
pounds per miles i Character of winds. | pounds per miles
square foot. per hour. | square foot. per hour,

Character of winds.

Cama = 0.000
Light air. . 0.005
Gentle breeze . 0.008
Moderate breeze 0.09
Fresh breeze . 2.6
Strong breeze. | 5.1

| Fresh gale. . (CS) |
| Strong gale. 12.
Haste, 9 18.

Tempest . . 31.
| Hurricane . . 49, |
|

owwrk eo

co bo

The observations at both places were discussed at the expense of the Smithsonian
Institution, by Charles A. Schott, of the U.S. Coast Survey, who arranged and
classified them, and computed the second series of resultants at each.’

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of Direction.

Ikind of Time of the
Resultant.

observations. year.

E. or be-

tween N.& E
to sum of winds.

variable,
Ratio of Resultant i
Number of 'days.

tween N.& W.

N.
| West.
N. W. or be-

| January

| February

| March
April

| May

June

July

August?

September

October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

So
=

Ye i)

js
a
ad

H
w= co
MNWNawnoonocoonowoocw

Nuimnber
of hours

2
BROnmNNOONSS
oo
OS ho

bo
vs)

Oo

P=)

f58 N. 50° 48/ KE. ?
598 N. 62 23 E.?
| 538 N. 42 35 E.?
letlO) INIA) Ron Br aie
2404 N. 45 8 E.?

is
SHoRaOsooo
bo bo
SoRSNOS
02
lor

aH

wre
> © OO b9
mH eH bo

rs
A

°
&

January 7342) 10 : 374
February 7500) 8 206|
March 2; 3978) 0 428)
April 5768) 0 2352
May 4736] 0 362| 3
June 2600) 0 7304)
July 8| 788 42 | 22| 66] 3410) 10
August? 1000 7846) 84 | ¢ 2) 1762) 4
Number 4 September 1990 14904128 | 620 114] 0
October 4) 8850) 0O 2952760
November 610458; 0 1786} 0
December 010952) 0 2300) 0
Spring 42|14482) 0 | § 3142) 36
Summer /101411234 126 3} 100)12476) 12
Autumn (200034212128 | 634/1128| 4852760
Winter 2684 25794) 18 | | 0} 2880; 0
|The year 5740 85722 272 |2112|1230 23350 808

9382
3604
3446
4348
4702
2638
6840

16316
4576
8676
S650) Senet

11374| 8. 30° W.

642) S. 442 W.

29538, N.45. E.

24878

65200)

ZAAPAAAAAA EMA

! Por reductions in full see Smithsonian Contributions, Vol. XI.
2 “Interpolated by taking the mean between July and September.’

Rensselaer Bay.

No. 7.

(Nos. 6 and 7.)

SERIES B.

ZONE

Worthern Greenland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS

, ic)

ox

Kind of Time of the ae
observations. year, elo
BRE

Bz, || Pade

January 20 5

February 7 i

March 2 2

April 40} 0

May 74 | 0

June BAL |i 7

July 31} 4

.| | August 27 3
plumber o! September] 32 | 12
sours October 8 3
November | 16 9

December| 9 | 7

Spring 116 2

Summer 79 | 14

Autumn 56 | 24

Winter 36 | 13

The year /|287 | 53

tween S. & E.

S. E. or be-

|
——~I

South.

58
78
108

3) 146|

61

S. W. or be-
variable.

tweenS. & W.
tween N. & W.

Calm or

lnnwlonbee

a |
> HE D> sO

ANI. (Bo MEO) SOS

Direction of
Resultant.

S. 32° 58’ W.
N. 70 24 W.
Ss. 6 48 W.
Ss. 6 37 E.
8. 22 32 W.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.

73

Number of days.

Force.

ND OT
oo

a

ww ws
pay

co Go
(= IS)

> G2 CO
r=

lor Mer)
No

60

No)

b

=>
m=
co o>
iw)

{| 2x0) Ge)
074 | 182
12 | 152
| ev5s

per hour

January 33) 9

February 16} 1

March 2| 2

April 51| 0

May 164) 0

June 236/162

July 53] 19

August 95) 10

paper of September] 267] 27
ae October 28) 14

November} 38] 39
December | 17) 54
Spring
Summer 384/191
Autumn 333] 80
Winter 66) 64
The year |1000|337
Mean velocity, in miles, 3.5 | 6.2 | 6.0

217) 2

497

11620| 2006
4}1232)1211
1848 2864
31419 1923
6119 8004

7.4 | 11.2
Average velocity of all the winds for the whole year, 4.5 miles per hour.

TATA Th TAT TA TA A th Th a A WO 1 ta ta TA
>
(=)

No. of
miles

trav-
elled.
>) er
2625
998
2184
2080
2023
1770 §
. | 2084
- | 2930
| 2925
1708
2665

S. 552° W.| 314) 5262
N.19 W.|.37 | 5877

S.35 W.|.17 | 7563
$.50 E. | .313| 6817

25519

(No. 8.) Lifeboat Cove, winter quarters of the U. S. Arctic Expedition, under Capr. Hatt.

2

13)
n
3)

Observed from November 1, 1872, to May 31, 1873, by Dr. BrsseEts.

4
2

Number of
observations

Number of
mniles

M’n velocity (
Miles per h’r (

10. June, 1874.

>

A

January
February
March
April
May
November
December
Spring
Winter

January
February
March
April
May
November
December
Spring
Winter

Spring
Winter

rl

=
i OSS Oa aa er)

oO
ocoococw

moo tooo wb bo
powornwnodrcr

12 11
4 5

7 9
16 11
8 22

5 15

0 6
31 42
16 22
134.2 | 122

ecowpooooco cooocoroooo &

oooocoooo ocoooooooo oe
(Jo)
1

74 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 9 to 15.) Baffin’s Bay, Eastern Arctic Ocean, and Spitzbergen.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Arctic Ocean, longitude 11° 20’ W. to 23° E., by Scoresby for 717 days in the springs and sum-
mers of 1807 to 1818; by Parry for 25 days in the spring of 1827; and by the French Commission’
for 35 days in the summer of 1839.

Baffin’s Bay, by Ross for 28 days in the summer of 1818; by Snow for 22 days, and by Penny
for 38 days in the summer of 1850; by Kane for 25 days in the summers of 1850 and 1853; and by
McClintock for 52 days in the autumn of 1857, and for 52 days in the summers of 1857 and 1858.

Bell Sound, Southern Spitzbergen, ) by the French Commission’ for 12 days in July and August,

Slaadberg, Southern Spitzbergen, \egsse

Heckla Cove, Northern Spitzbergen, by Parry from June 20th to August 28th, 1827.

Magdalena Bay, Northern Spitzbergen, by the French Commission’ for 12 days in August, 1839.

_Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

| 4 : : Direction of
ica] Resultant.

Place of Time of the
observation. ar.

to sum of winds.

Ratio of Resultant
Direction,

Ne
Ss.

Ww.
W.N W.
| N. Ww.

. 80°53 E.

. 40 44 W.

pers BE iis

- 46 23 W.

- 80 21 W.???) .6
5) 3 . 71 30 W.?? |

48 12) . 45 40 EL?

53 15) 0/56 5| N. 33 E.?

2/103 25)
27 56)
4 0
1) 2)
0 0

Summer By
Autumn |

Spring? i
Summer? 27
0
Summer |) 3
Summer |27

|

|Baffin’s aoe 4

lon. 58° to 70° w.|
At sea, from Gree on)
land to Spitzbergen, |
\lon.174 W.to 23° E.
[Magdelena Bay
Heckla Cove

|\Northern Spitzber- i

Peers | East.

move

eat
> ho oN S

oO <
pho | South,
Iwo KM sob c

S

owonouw
ay
aS
rar
aNrs
Wwe.

30

aco)
x
ot

gen?
|Bell Sound and |
Slaadberg
|Henlopen Straits &
East’n Spitzbergen

Summer |39 | | 0} 0 . 23 30 Wt?

Summer | 0 0) 0 Be ifsk Yl Nua
Autumn | 2 2 | . 86 11 E.2?

Remari:s.—The observations made in this zone, though much more abundant
than in the preceding one, are still too meagre to afford results that can be con-
fidently relied upon. Of the thirty resultants, computed for seasons, taking into
account only the relative length of time during which the several winds prevailed,
thirteen are from the N. E. quarter, three from the S. E., eight from the S. W., and
six from the N. W. Only four places—Northumberland Sound, Port Refuge, Port
Foulke, and Rensselaer Bay, afford data for computing the resultant for each
season of the year, and hence for the whole year. At two of these the annual
resultant is northeasterly, at one southeasterly, and at one southwesterly. At Port

! The meteorological observers connected with this expedition were Professors C. B. Lillichook, Charles
Boeck, and J. Durocher, and Messrs. V. Lattin, A. Bravais, P. A. Siljestrom, J. Gennet, E. Normand, C. Martins,
A. Fleurist de Langle, U. W. de Gyldenstolpe, R. Angles, J. dela Roche Poncie, G. Ferré, A. de Chastellier, A.
Fabyre, E. Pottier, and N. de St. Vulfram.

2 Nos. 11 and 12 combined.

8 The resultant for this season is obtained by combining the observations of Parry for 25 days, as given in the
text, with those of Scoresby for 371 days, which are as follows, viz.: N. by W. to N. N. E. 892, N. E. by N. to E. N.
E. 445, E. by N. to B.S. E. 243, §. E. by E. to S. S. E. 277, S. by E. to S. 8. W. 250, S. W. by 8. to W. S. W. 185,
W. by S. to W. N. W. 256, N. W. by W. to N. N. W. 661, calm or variable 501.

* The resultant for this season is obtained by combining the observations of the French Commission for 35 days,
as given in the text, with those of Scoresby for 346 days, which are as follows, viz.: N. by W. to N. N. E. 567, N.
E. by N. to E. N. E. 232, BE. by N. to E. S. E. 191, S. E. by E. to S. S. E. 297, S. bee to S. S. W. 538, 5S. W. by S.
ta W.S. W. 417, W. by S. to W. N. W. 218, N. W. by W. to N.N. W. 418, calm or variable 672.

Number of days.

SERIES B. ZONE 4. LAT. 70° TO 75° N. 15

Foulke and Rensselaer Bay resultants are also computed for the nwmber of miles
travelled by the wind, but they do not differ much in direction from those com-
puted for time only; and at both these places monsoon influence can be perceived.
At the former it is southwesterly in summer and northeasterly in winter. At the
latter it is northwesterly in summer and southeasterly in winter.

ZONE No. 4.
Latitude 70° to 75° Norta.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made in
the following portions of it :—

Ist. Arctic seas of North America and Greenland, and islands in the same, for
an aggregate period of more than twelve and a half years, beside the observations
on Baring’s Island by McClure, which were not regularly recorded, but appear only
in the form of incidental allusions.

2d. Western Greenland, at Upernavik, for eight years.

3d. Arctic Ocean, between Greenland and the coast of Norway, for an aggregate
period of 432 days.

4th. Finmark, at two stations, for periods severally of eight and fourteen years.

oth. Arctic Ocean, north of Europe, for two months.

6th. Eastern part of Nova Zembla for four and a half years.

ith. Northern Siberia and the adjacent seas for an aggregate period of over tivo
and a half years, besides numerous notices and remarks by Wrangel in regard to
the winds of this part of the Arctic Ocean.

The aggregate length of time during which observations were regularly recorded
in this zone, and incorporated into this work, is therefore over 51 years.

(Nos. 1 to 14.) Western Arctic Ocean and its Islands.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

At sea (longitude 155° to 175° W.), on board the New Bedford whaling barques Cleone, Roscoe,
and Helen Snow, for 466 days in the summers and autumns of the years 1859 to 1861, and 1864 to
1870, both inclusive; also by Anthon Schonborn on board the ship Vincennes, under direction of
Commander John Rogers, for five days in the summer of 1855, while engaged in the second Japan
Expedition.

Af sea (longitude 50° to 110° W.), by John Ross for 53 days in the summer and autumn of 1818;
by Parry for 101 days in the summers and autumns of 1819, 1820, 1824, and 1825; by Snow for 31
days in the summer and autumn of 1850; by Penny for 101 days in the springs and summers of 1850,
1851, and (?) 1852; by Kane for 305 days in the years 1850 to 1853 inclusive; by Kellet and
McClure for 64 days in the summer of 1853; and by McClintock for 159 days in the years 1857,
1858, and 1859. Total 814 days. :

Assistance Harbor, Boothia Felix, by Penny from September Ist, 1850, to August 11th, 1851; all,
except for the first 12 days, being made at the anchorage.

Baring’s Island, by McClure in the year 1853 (7).

Dealy Island, by McDougal, on board the ship Resolute, from September 2d, 1852, to April 30th,
1854, with the exception of the month of January, 1854. From September 9th to November 12th,
1853, the ship was drifting with the ice from latitude 74° 59’ to 74° 30’, and from longitude 105° 38’

to 101° 11’ W.

76 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Felix Harbor, Boothia Felix, under direction of John Ross from October Ist, 1829, to September
30th, 1830.

Melville Island and vicinity, by Parry from August 28th, 1819, to August 27th, 1820. For 314
days the observations were made at Winter Harbor, on the southern shore of the island; for 48 days
along the southern shore, and for the remaining four days a little eastward from the island.

Port Bowen and vicinity, by Parry at Port Bowen, from September 28th, 1824, to July 19th, 1825,
in Prince Regent’s Inlet for 46 days, and in the neighboring seas for 24 days, to complete the year.

Port Kennedy and vicinity, by McClintock from August 19th, 1858, to August 18th, 1859, viz. :
at the port from September 16th, 1858, to August 8th, 1859; in Bellot Straits, and other places
within 60 miles of the port, from August 19th to September 15th, 1858, and from August 9th to
15th, 1859, and during the 16th, 17th, and 18th of August, 1859, in Prince Regent’s Inlet, at dis-
tances from the port varying from 60 to 160 miles.

Sheriff’s Harbor, Boothia Felix, by John Ross from October 1st, 1830, to September 30th, 1831.

Victoria Harbor, Boothia Felix, by John Ross from October Ist, 1831, to March 31st, 1832.

(No. 1.) Arctic Ocean. Longitude 155° to 175° W.

Summer. North 119, N. N. H. 18, N. EH. 126, HE. N. E. 9. East 30, E.S. EB. 14, 8. B. 23, S.S.
EH. 14. South 32, 8.8. W. 7, 8. W.43, W.S. W. 22. West 26, W. N. W. 7, N. W. 45, N.N. W
22. Calm or variable 24. Direction of resultant N. 14° 1’ E. Ratio of resultant to sum of winds
.30. Number of days 286.

Autumn. North 60, N.N. EH. 17, N. H. 135, B.N. HE. 7. Hast 24, H.S.E. 2, S.E.12, S.S. B. 0.
South 30, 8.8. W. 4, S. W. 15, W. S. W. 6. West 21, W. N. W. 2, N. W. 7, N.N. W. 10. Calin
or variable 8. Direction of*resultant N. 34° 14’ E. Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .444.
Number of days 180.

(Nos. 2 and 3.) Baring’s Island.

Captain McClure, speaking of the possibility of effecting a passage toward the northeast, on the
southeast side of the island, between it and Prince Albert’s Land, in latitude 72° 50’ to 73° 13’, and
longitude 1155° to 118°, says, “I considered it not practicable, except under the favorable circum-
stance of a continuance of southwesterly winds, which would drive the ice into Barrow Strait; but I
imagine there would be but little difficulty in coming in from the N.H., from which quarter we
Sound the winds to prevail.” Again, speaking of the sea on the northwest side of the island, he
says, ‘‘we have invariably remarked that there is a decidedly easterly current” (7. e. toward the east)
“which impels the enormous polar floes in that course ; while the lighter, influenced by the wind, is
oftentimes setting in the opposite direction.”

(No. 4.) Melville Island.

Time of the
year,

N. E. by E.
yE
y W.

East.
sz
|

|v. 2,
TH ooro|sS.E bys.

I
|

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

—

o9 © -1 oo |N.N. E,

tom & 02 /8.S. E,

oooco|N.E byN.
mROSS|EDyS.
eccco|sEtyE

IS co bo bo
pawopa
macoccls.p
woowols.p

bo
_
oe b

|r ooun|N tye
woowcslENE.
JHoore|E ty.

|| uo
i)
oe
|| C3 o> et bo =

|
|
|

—
}} on
|

Monsoon influence,

Time of the
year.

Direction of
Resultant.

variable.
atio of Re-|
sultant to
sum of
winds

Direction.

| West.
Calm or

5_ |)

INE GS D2 We
INSO2 ID aE
Ne 0 We
INS 18) LW:
N.20 42 W.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

HHooo|W. bys.

—_

me bo
oe OF

Bsns lake bay Wie
—
Tr

to RIE lootole

0 |
l

0

0

|
5
E
ia
0
0
9
2
4

oH to to ON. W. by W.

aH wo o|W.S, W.

to to He O| W. by N.

© obo bo eB |

os
_
on

SERIES B. ZONE 4.- LAT. 70° TO 75° N. 17

The direction of the resultants for the several months of the year were as follows, viz. :—
January, N. 7° 8’ W.; February, N. 16° 5’ W.; March, N. 14° 22’ W.; April, N. 9° 55’ E.;
May, N. 12° 49’ W.; June, N. 56° 8’ W.; July, N. 34° 16’ W.; August N. 64° 17’ W.; September,
N. 29° 48’ W.; Ovtober, N. 37° 40’ W.; November, N. 17° 37’ W.; December, N. 10° 51’ B.

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
Resultant.

Place of Time of the

observation. year. Direction.

S. E. or be-
tween 8. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or
variable,
Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Spring - 16°16/ E.
Dealy “a Summer

Nwre
oo 100

40 1

Autumn 30 13

Island | | Winter 459

15 13

35 15

“gy

23 24
30
38

The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

BAAw 2A AAA

(No. 7.) Felix Harbor, Boothia Felix.
Computed from observations made under the direction of John Ross, from October 1, 1829, to
September 30, 1830, which for the entire period were as follows :—

WON 5 5 5 6 6 IIH) S), 18, hy BW, og ke 3 WE SSaWEe ry eae Was ely
INs [PIR el ee ee Oh Sep Rheezey re Cains) SLO NVevbya Souci ey an Vel 24k
INPON Hg) e 5 852) Si J ly Se 6 6 = 0 WOES 0 4 6 ew 5 CRB
IN, Dis lois 6 5 6 18 SUSE pecan tes oy = tral Wea ly Noo ee | LO
PONGUE ines PG ot OAT Se ley WO iG cede t ea WEGNER Warei(ene G8) 4 ILS
Ie JB ly JB, ge a! Soul 5 5 o «6 5 BE Ie Wo oy We 7 3 3) BU
IBN Hehe, urd zed SelbyalWi dike etenoegeeet spd: INPRWirsietegia fons O09
JBL Dy AN aie ecg aig wueie ae a) S. So Wo boo 3 | BLO N. W. by N. a 64
Hastipn guises oleae 2 Li9.2 Ss. Wo ly ish oo) tol on 6 INES NWitseotreutee neoa HOON,
1D, ay Se ee to oe 1K) SomWae hab rales ee O6. Ie ly We a oe oo) BBG
BS eps) Wie oye) raped SHO Wenlbys Wisus sete, dal Calm or variable. . 1174

Direction of resultant, N. 26° 2’ W.
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, 23.

(No. 8.) Sheriff’s Harbor, Boothia Felix.
Computed from observations made as in the preceding number, from October 1, 1830, to September
30, 1831, which for the entire period were as follows :—

North 2, te4 3 fe 7 SOLE Se Js OVID oye 29 AVES iVVe Pays hese ponte eli
INGUD YAR i ose bate san OA SO ain ON seme eeee Wriby Si ilieteimiAaganso
INRENG HE: pep ven 0 24.0 Sole We So 5 og lly Wiest-- 2-3 *. <5 2. - 658
INE by sNews sete 16 Sot Sis Oks Ue a coors cea Las IWessbypeNue ees 2 S61
INF Eee oh a tee rea 4S So. Dy IB co GS et WiseNe Wiehe gee ie 298
INES by aBi ee 2 oe 29 Soul . 5s 6 6 o yy! Ns Wis lye Woo 8) Ge)
Bo I ee ae 8 Sb ly We oe 6 o OY INGAWist G:F a Soe 89OE
BD yaNE eens i 7 SHS Wien) Gees LS N. W. by N So) EG
Bast : 5 SOY Sh fo Jihy tbo. lo eo als) NGANGHW haere. ies Wai oD
WMDyASG) te. ct B-Bh SU hii 1 Maden aT NeMby Wee ULL
HeSstw ts) wl a) 92 ie Ws ly Woe Gos > Bil Calm or variable. . 1026

Direction of resultant, N. 61° 13’ W.
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, 23.

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

78 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 9.) Southeastern Boothia Felix.
Computed from the same observations as the two preceding numbers, together with those made,
under the same direction, at Victoria Harbor, from October 1, 1831, to March 31, 1832, thus
embracing an aggregate period of 24 years, from October 1, 1829, to March 31, 1832."

Time of the
year.

| S.E. by E. |
S. W. by S.

| s.moys.

January 0 16
February 8} 152) i} 90
March 0 138)
April WG 207
May : 9 207|
June 3: 0) 35 333)
July : 69| 52 366)
August 5 27| | 330
September 120 | 120
October ; 4) 1: | 62
November} 66 40) 5| 222) 130
December 48 0} 52
Spring 13113) 9/1011) 14) 552
Summer 1851 | 96, 993) 51,1029
Autumn (|1650 | 164) 571] 47) 312
Winter (1426 56) 348} 318| 158

f The year |6238} 325|2923 430) 2051 29) | 73)1618

. —
> SCOMDSCONDOMOS

cooocnosewoso

bo
S
we OO

o
AHRWOWSSORSWSOSOD

OHwW BRE
BN RONDE

Monsoon
influence.
Direction
Time of the of Resultant.

year, 5
wn

Direction.

Ratio of Re-
sultant tosum

variable,
of winds,

E
Zi

Calm or

January | 412
February | 324
March 308
April 363
May 228
June 576

342 56 692) N. 47° 28/ W.| .26 | ......
244 734| N. PAL Viel) Seal eI costes
314 1190) N. UG Wey 223) | see eee
4364) 84) 56 333|N.36 41 W. .: Pao
297 : 387] N. 48 W.| .320 | .......
360 | 24) 432) N. BS S| eA |) asn655
July 123 228 | 12 525 pay 1 | a

August 126 462 306 Tal Weel 6
September] 114 204 249 18 W.|. ws
October 274 j 638 | 6 38) 350 OUR Wie Zan | een
November| 156 286 798 CEO Bt a) coneen
December | 196 2 418 | 952 34°W.| «LT |, snes
Spring 899 10473/128/1838) 1871910 32 W.| .22 :

Summer 825 43) 5 1050 942) 168 1263 24 W.) .29
Autumn | 544) 3: ‘ 1128 \1187| 638 1397 44 W.) .27
Winter 932 1004 /2370) 268 2378 03 W.) .24 |S. fs
The year |3200 985/191 j 42293/589|6337 1261/6948 55 Ww. OASIS Neraaae

eon » | We by

WSOSoSCWOW

ts
Ow he

AAAAAAA AAA

i Sls LSS
BOT R AT RP RD RR

1 As the observations from October to March inclusive cover an aggregate period of three half years, while those
for the remaining mouths cover only two, the former are multiplied by 2 and the latter by 3, in order to equalize
them, and give to those of each month their due weight in determining the resultants for the seasons and year.

a

SEER E Sie ACORN 4 PACT TOO O 75° N- 19

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

Kind of | Time of
observa- | the year.
tions,

Direction of
Resultant.

| Direction.

S. E. or be-

tween S. & E.

S. W. or be-

tween S, & W.

‘N. W. or be-

tween N. & W.
variable.

Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.

Calm or

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
Sept’mb’r
October
Novemb’r
December j 114 Berar ane
Spring - 6, 470) N. 10° 26/ W.?) .
Summer 496) 158 j) 248) N. 21 58 W.?
Autumn 584) 18 6) 118] N.26 24 W.?
_|Winter 308) 0) 134) | 292) N.39 11 W.?
The year 2152) 192) 2% 36/1128) N.24 45 W.?

i

WNWNooocone

(Jt)

Number of hours.

5
rs
oO
A
A
>)
bet
>
~
i}
law

Progress
in miles
of miles

travelled.

Total No.

(Je)
ao

fo}
a
c—)
co

January 0
February 98
March 8
April 848
May 0
June 4
July j 1126
August }} 138) 146
Sept’mb’r| 66 536 2252
October 340, 348
Novemb’r, 4 0 0
December : 0 398
Spring 0 856
Summer 3062/1771: 140 1276 15126
Autumn j 876 2600 20932
Winter 2, 496 22926] ...
The year 30488) 2064/2116 10185228 19206|67976] ...

boo
Pe

Number of miles.

14507
17118
23086
26281

| 2AAAA eae we

J SESH SESEAASES
| 4888844445455" 45

1 Computed from a portion of a series of observations made during an expedition in search of Sir John Franklin
under the direction of Sir Francis Leopold McClintock, and presented by him td the Smithsonian Institution. The
whole series was discussed at its expense by Mr. Charles A. Schott, of the U.S. Coast Survey; and, with the
exception of the fractional portions of the month of August, the foregoing classification of the winds, and the
computation of the direction of the second series of resultants, is taken from his work. For a portion of the
year, observations were recorded twelve times a day, and for the remainder only six. In order, therefore, to give
to the latter their due weight in determining the resultants for the different seasons and for the year, the number
of observations and the corresponding number of miles is doubled.

The estimated force of the wind was indicated by Beufort’s scale of numbers from 1 to 12, and from Smeaton’s
table, and also from Bernoulli’s formula. Mr. Schott makes the corresponding velocity to be as follows :—

Force according to Corresponding velocity Force according to Corresponding velocity
Beufort’s notation. in miles per hour. Beufort’s notation. in miles per hour.

1 1 7 40

2° 4 8 48

3 10 ; 9 56

4 17 10 67

5 24 11 82

6 32 12 100

The mean velocity of any wind for any month of the year may be found by dividing the number of miles
travelled by that wind in that month, as given in the second of the following tables, by the number of miles as
given in the first. For full discussion see Smithsonian Contributions, Vol. XV.

80

Time of
the year.

Place of
observation

| January

| February
March

| April
May

| June
July
August
Septemb’r
October
Novemb’r
December
Spring
Summer

| Autumn

| Winter

WINDS OF

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

. E. or be-
&E. |
. or be-

tween N,
variable.

tween S.& W.
Calm or

South.
§. W.

iB

Sa | North.
N

nS po mr. | West
i io
oan oc

bo
ee
BReoOMnR MT

OWWRH Romo

bo
WFO ANWONOAGSIAONORCSO

_
DEROEmDDWAMNS
bo ee
SCrePATNOOCRANNAOCORr BS

_
too
aS)

o
a
rNWOOAOPREFNNOSCOCONNNHNWO

The year

CONFASCOCONSOWREDOOSS

Re
Caen
cu
-~T
o
bo
S

THE GLOBE.

Direction of
Resultant.

70 11
66 13
78 11
35 43
71 35
89 28
4 08
88 42
73 53
dhe
81
64
26
- 81
. 74
. 63

hth CT

. 72° 41! E, |.6:

EE fe a td tt tt

Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon

influences.

Direction.

Number of days.

Time of
the year.

=]
z
fa]

wey
n
-| 2
<3)

&
| |

A | vil n| wa |

No. 12. Arctic Ocean, longitude 80° to 110° W.

Spring | 2) 0 0
Summer | 36/14 1415

45) 8| 14] 1 19 13) 53

a| 0] 0] o| 0 0] 1 0 2 0
97| 10] 68

Autumn 423) 0 122 120} 0/158 0/126 0/115 0/319) 0} 76

Winter | 4)
The year!|

11 0} 11) 0} 4

IN49°

N. 49 3 W.|.
N. 22 43 W..

N. 67 25 W.).4:

N. 53 32 W.).¢

No. 13.

*s Bay, longitude 60° to 80°

Spring 16| o| 2 o

Summer | 86 9] 5) 52 76/11] 38

|

sg} 0] 25| 0! 2
5| 72) i 49

3| @| 15 0) 15] 0 6| 0
5| 30.21) 44|

Autumn 3) 3) 15/36) 93/29] 54/30) 47)24) 44/128 68) 24 33}
Winter 66/95) 2) 46/53) 43:93) 16) 58 30.48, 200/256/268 281 81|

The year!

No. 14. Baffin’s Bay, longitude 50° to 60° W.

w| No 57

N. 67
N. 8
Bs 68).
N. 47

.|.20 |S. 573 W. |.04

.063)S. 781 E. |-164
(43° 18.13 EB, }15d
43 |N.40 W.|.253
18 ee

Spring ol ol 9! 9

Summer /|114 ealeud 22| 65] 0} 62/18) 89 18/145) 0} 54

5| 4] 12l11| 4] 3]

| 5i11| 1 3| 5| | 33
| 12) 72) 39,216

N. 26 13 E,

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES

(No. 15.)

Place of
observa-
tion.

(Nos. 16 and 17.)

January
February
March
April

Observed at Upernavik for eight years—1847 to 1854.1

B.

ZONE 4.

LAT. 70° TO

Western Greenland.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COM!’ASS.

.& EB.

e-

Time of the
year.

| North.
N. E. orb
tween

He

MAABAIHS ODOM BPO

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

rary

bo wo
ao

a
color)

Ne}
pa

The year

SOSNBRWRNPNPNoOPWh

Hast.

wy
aOmrwnNoauaTtIno

H

S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.

CWUINDHEHENNHYNHNNNNNH-

South.

CHWRNORPHEEDPHPHOHHOH

a

Observed at the following places, viz.:—
At sea, by Parry, for 5 days, in the year 1827; by the French Commission, for 59 days, in the
years 1838, 1839, and 1840; and by the German Polar Expedition, for 50 days, in the year 1868.

Bear Island (near Spitzbergen), by Sievert Tobiesen, from August 6

Place of
observa-
tion.

Bear
Island
(near
Spitz-
bergen)

-

W. or be-
tween S. & W.

Ss.

Re
WAWDRNHORARWE

| West.

rt

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

Pw PRNHE HEHE ORNEHEHORE
DONWHORFORREREREHODTOS

Calm or

a

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

variable,

SCWHWWHOOHOHNHHEHH HY

Direction of
Resultant.

|N. 75 15 E.
N. 67 1 £E.
N.56 2 E.

tae

i

zm) [8

Time of |> | 8 ic]
the year. alz| lz
Blalel se

Z|) 2A

Spring | 2) 3) 2) 1)
Summer 13)12)17 24
Autumn} 1) 3) 0) 0
Jan. 2) 3) 0,23
Feb. 0) 1) 418
March | 9) 41422
April | 5] 4) 713
May |10| 3/1215
June 0 ) 2) 6
Aug. 15) 7) 7) 0
Sept. 14| 2) 4) 0
Oct. 4| 9 0.28
Nov. 11} 2)11) 5
Dec. 4 4) 7 2
Spring /24 11/33 50
Summer|15) 7) 9| 6
Autumn|29 13/15 33
Winter | 6) 81143
The y’r?|...|...|..- je

\3

| a
3

WS) 5) max,
iS | Bet. E,
|S. E.

NNODS
=

FPewpnp _
SHSOSSS5S0
bo

bore

NNTOOTeE Pooky C-TWAS

rary

| Bet.S.E.& S,

= Oo | South.

SMWNWSORBNOWNOSDHAOMS

a=

=

=
NOTBRONUTND Hood PB

Je

e

NHENDWoOHWaAS | 8. Ww.

WOMSIBNHENWHANDHOOMOS | Bet. S.W.&

' Copied from Dr. Buchan’s work on Winds.

11

”

June, 1874.

| N. Ww.

no | Bet.W.& N.W.

ra

wWnwNonwnoco-r10

Swaso | West.

=

rary

PbO

=
CNWISHSENWOWNBRHOS

BROMSNROAWNRMONSO

| Bet. N.& N.W.

—

=

=
He ST SI + HS 6 00

SRYWOURDOSCONS

a
P| Direction of
6) Resultant.
E
5
ON. 27° 57/ B.2? |
12,N. 58 46 E.?
OS. 54 0 E.??
0
3
5
5
7
12
| 4
1
0
il
13)
19
5
2

Ratio of Resultant

INE

to sum of winds.

N. 83 43 W.).

Arctic Ocean between Greenland and Finmark.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

, 1865, to June 19, 1866.

4 Monsoon
Cis) influences.
a8
ae
Cun
fo
EI a A
© 5 | Direction. .
gt g
aan) ee
e+ cS)
fs Fe
Bossi) sees nce
|50 |... cae
i a
-20
22
-11
-28

2 Computed from resultants for the seasons.

81

Number of days.

Number of days.

82 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 18 and 19.) Finmark.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Hammerfest during the years 1848 to 1861 inclusive.
Vardo from the year 1856 to 1863.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Sie _Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE CoMPASS. 22 pnenenvee ay
r “ fea] ia] E a | a
oa oe) £2 2 |\ 7s | ms
Place of Time of the a an agi &y | .5 | Direction of oF ae
observation. year, Eee a : oe oe haa 2a se | 25 Resultant. 5 Ss Direction. é
£ HE] glad] 2 EE] BFE Be ze E
Zlaf| A las| a jae| F |zElo ce =
(| January Qa Qe) TD eB) 2h BS a2 ITs see eee |e | acre
|February | 2} 1/ 3); 7] 9|] 2) 1 PRM OE Weis oscar sel cece
March 3) a 3 8 8 2 2 Pie Th ei ras cere tlecese ll cat ans
April alee 3 Gh |) BGs) be ea aes Dull Aptedemiee tere it a-ceeul man tesaces
May 3 2 5 3 Bl 32 3 Cai oul Wei Nensecoa) > |tecaellh | sconce
June 3] 2 4. 3\ ||. 4a si 3 | 4 (Hu) Segsdnto = Sal etcose' |e” | 'S85n5
July Ha PAN 2: ae 7: 3 | 4 INEM) Metonsaesch 8 |f cased] | Saears
August 2 1 4 3 4 1 3 4 OP Le ccedsech a l|\veceta|| oe dhestses
Hammerfest 4 | September 2 ul 2 3 8 2 4|.4| 4 E60 WP Space 5
October Basal eerie utile Ciel liecaaecosliy ake eA se ctsossacce |} co ih, vensox
November 3 ul 3 9 6 2 2 2 Bitit | accteenseaie) Hl o=tul|® | desees
December| 2 1 3 9 7 3 3 2 1 ase dess Sco el eesace of
Spring 9 4) 11) 17 | 19 5 9 9 | 9 |S. 23° 1/E, |.19 |N. 34°R, | .03 f
Summer i 5 | 12 8|12|/ 4 9 | 12) 23 (SS Sl 5 ae 202 N.S) Wele20
Autumn 8 4 8 | 19 | 21 6 9| 9| 7 |S.12 14 E. }.24 |S. 363 W.| .04
Winter 6 3 § | 27 | 24 rd 6 6 3 |S. 21 27 E. |.423/S. 234 EH. | .21
The year | 30 | 16 | 39 | 71 | 76 | 22 | 33 | 36.1, 42'S: 19) 28) e220) ease
January 2 3 PANS | eet ati 2 3 il esearor: || crn] ecoasrc =
February 1 2 0 3 x oS 3 4 TER ISS SSE Somali oiteasees For
March 3 3 1 3 eval Bt Ley tee iseniecttacs ence cae
April CONN GW Sa) AN Bi) 83: Ith |B] ssesseene eect, acctese Pee
May OM) eat SB 3 1 4/ 3 Bip 24 = cendogone 205 oe
June 5 Diam 6 3 1 1 8 | Poets. lecaa ly ceboce “cA
July ASG GBA AEE a2 | REDO Oh Mes ||" Teese ce alec | ceeaees $35
August Coal llama BE i Pale Til Bi teense face |b otdece is
Wardole rece September 1 2 1 6 4; 6 2 Eat AUISY lrabspre cices css peste resem] Meters ae I
October 2) 3 1 5 2) 10 2 5 WN access Ice. |) sccdene eee
November; 1/| 5] 2 1 Vea ia| ee il ptosaas Sich batescewe Coan
December} 1 | 3 2 3 Seeley Dalle: 1 ecoceene Bed ih 2 ances ce
Spring LON ao 9] 4] 21 CY aly 6 |N.74 40 W. | .19 |N.221 W.].12 §
Summer | 10 | 12} 6] 21 7 4} 2) 20|10|N.52 32 E. | .14/N.60 KE. |.282
Autumn 4/10} 4] 12 7 | 29 6 | 16 3 |S. 53 20 W. | .25 |S. 363 W.}.11
Winter 4 | 8 | 4 9 4} 39 Me) 20 3S. 50 25 W.| .38|S.41 W.|.24
The year | 28 | 41 | 19 | 51 | 22] 93] 24 | 63) |22 S266 SG Wire| don meeeseas at

(Nos. 20 to 27.) Arctie Siberia and the adjacent seas.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Arctic Ocean, longitude 20° to 40° E., by members of the French Commission, for 62 days in the
summers of 1838 to 1840. ‘

Arctic Ocean, longitude 75° to 90° E., and 130° to 170° E., by Von Wrangel in the summers of
1734 and 1737. (7?)

Bear Islands (north coast of Siberia), by Von Wrangel, from March Ist, to April 27th inclusive.

Great Northern Tundra (Taimurland), by Waldemar yon Middendorf, from May 26th to August
31st, 1843. The figures denote the number of hours estimated as nearly as practicable from the
published report.

Korennoje Filipovskoje, under the direction of Waldemar von Middendorf, from April 25th to
October 26th, 1843. ;

Ust Yansk, under the direction of Lieut. Anjou, by Surgeon Figurin, for 21 months, in the years
1820, 1821, and 1822, and classified by Wesselowski in his elaborate work on the Climate of Russia.

Nova Zembla, at three places: the Straits of Kara, on the S. E. Matotschkia Schar, and Shallow
Bay, on the western coast; aggregate 41 years—1832 to 1835.

SERIES B. ZONE 4. LAT. 70° TO 75° N. 83

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

Panes Monsoon

1 Sa 7 a

THE COMPASS. ev influences. ES

a3 S
5 ae “s) A
e 2S S|
Time of roa] 4 : = Ee i= 4S | Direction of | ‘5 = Bi
Wthe year.| < |. | . etre BY Seals = alli kg is 2 | Resultant. | 5 |Direction.| 3 | 2 |
B/S iA lal @ lal a lal sla] e 12) 8 e\e les 35 5 | St
© 3 i : - } : ols Ss : 3 4

ZIAZ/2/8) BA] w la] a lw ale] Fe ea! 4 JO mar |G

No. 20. Arctic Ocean, longitude, 20° to 40° E. ;

Kummer | 30 | 4 | 54} 40) 54 |12) 25 | 10) 44 |26) 52/30) 54 34 49| 16] 8G|N.74°17/W.| .04| .......-. | ... | 62]
No. 21. Nova Zembla.
January | 7 Beco! TL |hoal 8 B esl! Alea Boal 2 Biles eae” Sul ered eee a
fFebru’ry, 3 2). (3 llccol] 4 4}. PNooo|| « B |lboa|| tL Bl concaseas =|} ano |] anon ao
March 8 Beco Zbslbatly al 3 |. PNecol| & lle 2 Bho edecoeitaa: lf: dae benouooes =a
April 9 Ciiecol| 24 ioeol el 2 |. PNecol| PA Ilo 1 Bl} ceocoseco |] aoa I] ceoncn on
iMay 8 Bool LB llecall 23 UL lecal| «local? 2b loos 2 4 ie he
June 6 Bosco} 8 |lacal) 3 le 4...) 4 |. 2 PI! coosancss i] cen I] ono 000 p00
fouly 4 EW eaalt A loool] . dl 3 |. Fillocal| 9 flo 3 2 =< 500 |
pAugust 6 Boral} We llecoy 3 |- 3}...] 6 |. 3 Gul crenedoco — j} cb |) | cac0d0 00 \
Sept. 4 lol flacl Dl DB lecoll Alcoll YW lhe a 4 ee lian
BOct. 4 MN call B loc] 8 6 4...) 4 |. 2 TN paoccenes |) 060 H conenn 200
Nov. 6 loool] 7 1 3 Tea] flo 2 TY] ceceasaae |} coo. |} saeco ae
Dec. 4 Picon|| 3 6 4)...) 1 |. 1 3 608600 .060 Saco | eeeonode 000
Spring | 25 14)...| 8 5 6 coll 0 flecel| 12\N. 7°56’ E. | .26 |N.154°R.|.183
Summer} 16 WG) \col} (3 6 9 14)...) 15 |...) 8 8)N.67 9 W.) .16 |S.824 W.).133
Autumn | 14 6) ...|| U5 7 11 7|...| 17 8 6)N.48 45 W.) .05 |S.274 W.|.05
Winter | 14 g|...| 14 8 HIB |oeell Secoll Sell gS. 69 56 EB. | .10 |S. 434 B.|.153
fthe year 69 39}...| 43 26 A] }...! 37)...| 50 |...) 25 35|/N. 9 39 W.| 08] ......
No. 22. Arctic Ocean, longitude 75° to 90° E.!
No. 23. Taimurland (Great Northern Tundra).
Spring | © | | o| 0| 0 | o| 0 [144] 0 |...| 0) 0] © | 0] 0} 0} 0/S. 22 308. |1.00]_ ......
KSummer |112 |359 229/27/315 | 0/112 | 55) 39 |27| 17) 0) 84 28) 85|113)269) N.40 55 HE. | .42
No. 24. Korennoje Filipovskoje.
popring iB) || 4A Say a 4b) ab} es |] a 3 | 6] 16 2) 29 | 1) 7] 3 | 0 |N.69 39 W | .25
KSummer | 10 | 9 | 38\14) 60 | 2) 9/1 5 | 1) 18 14) 47 | 5| 18} 1 | 0 |N.31 45 E. | .16
fAutumn | 8 | 2; 14) 3) 34 | 0) 11 | 6 8 | 8} 16 q| 39 | 3} 3) 5 | O |S. 33 19 W.) .10
No. 25. Ust Yansk.®
HSummer |22.2 |...{14.3 |...|39.7 2 Gea eel On enGegileclieGia eacl4-8ifcl) <a lNa56,00)H. | <46
AWinter | 1.4|...) 0 |...\10.6]...\13.4| ...|86.4)...|9.3|...|22.0].../6.8| ...| ...]S. 16 00 W.| .48
WYear §49|...|591 |....2004).../1287) .../2342).../780)...)1898)...)549) ...) ...|S. 11 21 EB. | 25) ...... .- |539I
No. 26. Arctic Ocean, 130° to 170° E.§
No. 27. Bear Islands (northern coast of Siberia).
Spring | 5 0 | 16)11| 4|o| 14] 2 | 4|o|2| | 2|o[2| 0] ...[N.73 28 | 50 | oe ee 58

1 Yon Wrangel experienced contrary winds when sailing northeasterly from the mouth of the Obi up to latitude
73° 18/ in the summers of 1734 and 1737.

2 The percentages are given for the summer and winter, and the whole number of observations for the year.

3 Yon Wrangel states that near the mouth of the Kolyma river the prevailing wind is from the northwest ; also
that contrary winds prevented his sailing westerly from the east mouth of the Lena for 5 days in June, 1835; but
miscellaneous notices of the wind, scattered through his journal, seem to indicate that, along the seas adjacent
to this part of the Siberian coast, the direction is rather northeasterly.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

mM
nae

ZONE No. 5.

LATITUDE 65° to 70° Norta.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made in
the following portions of it :—

Ist. Arctic seas of North America and Greenland, and islands in the same, for
an aggregate period of more than four and a half years.

2d. North America, at five different stations, for an aggregate period of nearly
six years.

3d. Greenland, at two stations on its western coast, for periods severally of five
and twelve years.

4th. Northern and Western Iceland, at two stations, for, periods severally of two
and five years.

5th. Atlantic Ocean, between Iceland and Norway, for thirty-three days.

6th. Finmark and Lapland, at nine stations, for an aggregate period of over
seven years.

7th. Northern Sweden, at four stations, for an aggregate period of twenty-two
and a half years.

8th. Northeastern Siberia, at two stations, at one of which observations were
regularly recorded for a period of seventy-two days, and at the other we have the
general result only for a period of three years.

In this zone, therefore, the observations regularly recorded, and incorporated
into this work, represent, in the aggregate, a period of nearly sixty-four and a half
years.

(Nos. 1 and 2.) Behring Strait and vicinity, and Northern Alaska.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

At sea (longitude 177° E. to 163° W.), by Beechy, for 13 days, in the summer of 1827; by Rogers
and Schonborn, for 23 days, in the summer of 1855; and on board the New Bedford whaling barques
Cleone, Roscoe, and Helen Snow, for 457 days, in the summers and autumns of 1859 to 1861, and
1864 to 1869, both inclusive.

Port Clarence and Kotzebue Sound, by Beechy, for 136 days in the summer and autumn of 1828.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
esultant.

Place of Time of
observation. | the year.

a5 ey || East.

3 | Bet.E. & 8.5,
to sum of winds.

Ratio of Resultant

Bet. N.E.& E
Number of days.

Direction.

eH
we}
be
(c)

1A

| NE.
| Calm or var.

Summer
Autumn

bo

NS | Bet. N.& N.E.
ao ee O

wa
oo
ee
ee
@ oO

°
a os
ae es

ww Na
~

2 Port Cla- |

| rence and | Summer |30) 7

Kotzebue | Autumn | 2) 7
Sound

oo
bo
oo

oo why | Bet.S.W.& Ww.

co w| Bet.W.& N.W
Ts

oo of | Bet.N.W.& W.

oO

SERIES B. ZONE 5. LAT. 65° TO 70° N. 85

(Nos. 3 to 9.) Northern British America.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Fort Anderson, by R. McFarlane, from May, 1863, to April, 1864, inclusive.

Fort Confidence, Great Bear Lake, by Richardson, from October, 1848, to April, 1849, inclusive.

Fort Franklin, Great Bear Lake, by Franklin and Richardson, from September 11th, 1825, to
May 16th, 1827, with the exception of June, 1826, and part of July and September.

Fort Hope, Repulse Bay, by Rae, from September, 1846, to August, 1847, inclusive, and during
the year 1854.

Fort McPherson, by Andrew Flett, for ten months, from February to November, 1863.

Igloolik and vicinity, by Parry, from August 13th, 1822, to August 12th, 1823, viz., 317 days at
Tgloolik, 9 days along the northeast coast of the peninsula, 28 days in the Strait of Fury and Heckla
(lat. 69° to 70°, long. 82° to 86° W.), and the remaining 11 days off the west entrance of the same.

Winter Island and vicinity, by Parry, from August Ist, 1821, to July 31st, 1822, viz., 269 days
at the island, 65 days in various bays and straits within 100 miles of it, 6 days in the upper part of
Hudson’s Strait, and the remaining 25 days off the northeast coast of Melville Peninsula.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences,

A
ob B
(=o

Place and kind of | Time of the
observation. year,

Direction of

Resultant. Direction.

N. E. or
tween
S. E. or be-
tween 8. & E.
South.
S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
tween N.& W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of Resultant }
to sum of winds.

February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November

Surface wind.

awnmnonstWrewooo
Sooocororkaor
WworFoorIworstT

April
May
June
July

3. Fort McPherson.
of

clouds.

oO
oooo eonaoonwnorRroce
ae

ooceo RanmnorTONOMN
to

coonre

WOaAar
SS

BReOor Rb
for}

N. 39° 14’ W.
N. 47 55 E.
N. 39 49 HE.
N. 68 46 E.
N. 43 32 E.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

wero RO ooow wwmNwooe

oOmbk op

ceding
combined.

for}
e
-~I
bo

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December

AaATH ParH
oreo CUR oT bo
Oh & wc AT
POW POD
coococoso

Surface wind.

oooo

June

July
September
October
November
December

4, Fort Anderson.

Motion of

PIB Bob foo
BiB ower phro
bo Ot oro Bb G2 09 Or ty
SOOCOSHOSO anno

oooooo

N. 5 36
N. 1 43
INE ieL.O)
5.49 8
N.11 32

ry
io}

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Pwr

6 100
>be oe
0 6 0

Two pre-
ceding
combined
ocooco

-~I
wo
a
bo

86 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 3 to 9.) Northern British America.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE reas Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Be influences, i
a je la |e |B (2 |= an 3
De WSs silia Neale asl) a Janae GIO | see. 3
Place of Timeof |o a7 | BA o cede eA era lees Direction of Se Direction. -
observation. | the year. || 2>| pj] 2m) oy 24 £3 ae Be Resultant. Be 2 g
r| January | 4/30) 52/14) 0| 5 | 22 \101) 22|N. 7°11 H,|.34] ...... el ee
February | 2 | 18 | 46 | 10 2 1 |)28°>)| S829 NG Ss RSomWealeo2a)| | ieeceees sas 56
March 9 | 18 |110 | 15 0 5 | 27 | 49 19) N. 74 52) Be 382) |)... 62
April 0 | 20 /118 | 38 0 3 | 129) 382) 17 | S207 8B bE ss 60
May 0 8 j115 | 16 2 6 0 | 33 8 |58. 79 37 H. }.553) ...... 47
July 0 6 | 32 | 32 0 0 Gi) AIG 10) SG 2i eA ie iio ec | encore 23
August 0 | 14] 58 | 14 2 6 8 | 22 0/8. 83 56 E.|.41 | ...... 31
5. Fort Septemb’r|) 6 | 22 | 36 | 12 0 6 | 12) 60 | 18|N.18 10 E.).30 | ...... 43
} Franklin.! October 21 | 10 | 18 | 65 7 3. | 20 | 68 20) NE 32) Ale LON ieseess 62
Novemb’r| 16 | 35 | 45 ; 31] 2; 3/ 44; 62) 16|N.18 17 E.|.23 | ...... 60
December| 5 | 33 | 28 | 19 6 | 10} 40 | 78 | 29 | N.16 42 E. j.273) ...... = 62
Spring 9 | 46 |343 | 69 2) 14] 39 |114 | 44 |N. 78 14 E. |.44 |S. 78° E. |.26 | 169
Summer 0 | 20 | 90 | 46 2 6 | 14 | 38 0 |N. 88 36 E. |.42 |S. 61 E. |.28 54
Autumn | 43 | 67 | 99 |108 9 | 12] 77 183 | 54|N. 7 1 W.|-19 |N. 77 W.}.21 | 165
Winter 11 | 81 |126 | 43 8 | 16 | 90 /267 | 80 | N. 20 14 W.|.31 4 W.|.32 | 180
The year?| ... “5 con 205 IG BL Pa Wa eB 8 osacet 568

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Ee Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. £5 influences, a
ze |
Pl f | Time of : | es -| 8 Direction of ae q 3
observa- ee ean Fe a A a Ale Es : = |= 3 2 ee Resultant. 38 PI 5 s
tion. = |4\ 4 )2) e] a leila] 3] al El) @ | 4] 2] 2 lee 5s ¢|4
Ot ails re. af mai, tema ate | (eae Neen acral ls reoal Weed nie A aba eons ae & a | 3
2 \4/ 4 |A) A] A | ailai| al vila Ble Ela |e O & A 4/4
Spring 92/15) 83/30/263)108 92) 6 4) 6 16/24 256 19} 27) 8 708. 89°21 B.71.18] ...... pep || (es
Autumn | 37/20/222/64/173/120 80 Q| 1} 0} 2) 0| 32 6] 5] 6) 42\N.74 47 E.?|.66] ...... wo) [oe
Winter 53/37|/146|87|458) 7057) 619)12 BY ls 66} $2) 8182\N.69 58 E.?).26) ...... Bo | ee
Spring 358/18) 42) 3] 46) 0 Fol 632 0| 78 33)159/125| 73/N.17 8 W.|.49 |N.73°E. |.003/184
Summer |212/18) 38] 0} 53) 3435) 8 26 0/17) 3) 4651) 86) 55)120,N. 8 3 W.|.37)|S. 44 E. |.14 |134
Autumn |171| 2} 25] 9} 70] 20/29/23'31] 2'61) 2) 32 41/246/187/133|N.20 49 W.|.42|/S. 2 E -07$ 182
Winter [380] 8} 20] 2] 16] 0| 9 614) 311 9 44 70)180|180/127/N. 22 17 W. |.56|N.50 W.|.08 |180
HWY) s7454)||) Seolicen|) ccollesel| ore “| oatece oleate se) eee v| ae] oN. 17 59 W. 740) Ee eecs .» |680)
BOK See vi Bila
Place of |Timeofthe] ; | A | A iF ie eh | g Blog 3 = ees 5
“Hom | | BP RL ae) ee ee et) ee ee
2/2)/2/4/2) 4/8! a] ea] a] al al al alal al al &
= Sees ==> ses SSS |S =| aloe
Januaryse || elie ONO acer GO Oi SOT CATON erm ee ee er OD
February 8 2 4 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
i March 12 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0
= April 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
3 May 4 0 2 0 6 0 0 0 0 4 6 0 2 8 0 4 0 3
is June 14} 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 2/ 0 2 0 0 4) 0 6 0 0 §
ro July 6 0 2 0 2 1 0 0 0 2 | 20 1 6 0 0 0 0 0
eI August 3 0 4 0 4 0 0 0 2 7 0 1 0 0 2 0 0
4. September| 2 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 4 4 2 4 0 0 0 0 0
a October 4 0 0 2] 10 0 4 2 4) 4 5 1 2 5 0 0 1 0
s November} 2) 0)|| (0 | (0)) =O) <0 | (01), 0) 0) §2 |) 2) N07) On 2) 0s |e On eon
a Dee ee PO OO Oi a Or oO) Oi) Bh @}) @i 2
28 Spring 25 0 2 0 8 0 0 0 0 4 6 0 2 8 0 8 tt) 9
ms Summer 23 2 6 0 8 1 0 0 8 4] 29 1 7 4 0 8 0 0
x, Autumn 8 0 0 2] 10 0 | 12 2 4) 10] 11 3 6 7 0 4 il 0
Winter 26 2 6 0 4 0 | 12 0; 0 0 4 0 2 2 2 2 0 2
The year | 82 4/14 2 | 30 1 | 24 2 12 18 | 50 4/17] 21 2 | 22 TBA | ail

' The winds of this place were originally recorded for 32 points of the compass, but in the published abstracts
the record is condensed by grouping with the winds from the eight principal points N., N. E., E., etc., those from
the succeeding points in the order N., N. by E., N.N.E., etc., as in this table.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

LAT. 65° TO 70° N. 87

5.

SERIES B. ZONE

Northern British America.— Continued.

(Nos. 3 to 9.)

‘Mm Aq*M gs | CoC OOO ONO SC OSCOHOCON

|
MS |OMBOAHOBONHOMADAD

: SRR RASA SES & Foi Er@e || 8 BRERA A BAD
a2 si 0 HATA z i phic | ame ate) (aa aNhy So gett aC ecue th 20
S83 . ~ : S4q‘mM'S | SOCSCOSCHSOOHSOSOOSHHON 38
a =| ss ° A
a SIME IE: se onesie oe gene ec oer Posie ahr : 2g SAR ich ee eee eee
éa 3 S 8B 8 8 8 -So8 B18 BobGhee crea M'S'S| SSSSONSONSCSONSHAAN as Pat eS See sate ee oh BL
=e Pog ¢ 8 fk 2 8 8 s 18-9 eee SI 8 SR PRP RB oe G Beshats
> aN (Gea eh aot Her ee GCL Uwe, Ch RC estan Em Ciel Bd gs Nn | ei es int ain Sa. Eh Coco Camb aiern meametag (a har—t=| ih seetoy, pgp Ce rote ei Meh. oo oid wo
= a | Fenech ice ‘mfq:g | COSSCSOCONHOSOSCONHSOSD is) 5 ont
Anna A es
nA
“SpUuIAL JO an ea > “SPUTAL JO in =n 5
#uns 0) juu[ns | CMHOMHHHMODALOMBMAHA LENS), || SOS Clima SO US Goi) © ee unsoj4quujyns | HAM OHM HM HOhoOhKHaAa
SEPP DH MOIS PSO tea lit) es oO IN SP eos Ge) eo) “ay JO one ON tea) ON Sa ing He) Hg) a traf Sal So
wjo onvy | W Jo onvy ona i
FSE Ono RaEEES SOO, ae oo ahqg:g|oooCOSH OOS OOOH OON Seo ee wae ea : ; :
ak BEEEEBHEPEAEEEBEEE Sus BEBEEEEPAAEEERBHEE
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o
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am ANHHOMNE HAD oOOBWAA AO Ee ADHANAH DBAARANMID MA
3 AZZZAZAZUAZAZAZAGAAZaS ee ee A I oS Scan A ZAAZZAAAuniAGZAAaaae
*O[QBIIBA SSOSSSCSOBSNSCONSCOCOANSS og? as) 4 « s “OTQUliea SSSHSOANSCNSCSCSOHHNSCS
cama S T'S LT] CONAN DHOMDONONANS MO TAO) Ss

HUN BIS SOIT ISISIST GIs) OCIS,

e c U WOOOWQOOAMAHOCOrADNDS

Bigg | SoSo SSS SNeSSoSReN

‘Max | oNSCCOWSRSoSoMeNN
fal

SELIG |

SOOM OA AOIA SINS WS EI © Cp

*w Aq “MCN | SSASSSONSSOSCONNSOOH

n4qg| SSDS SSC SNOMSSSHSS

“mon | or Mw
AL n|S2R2

a Nu |@ooWode cess ciwmoes

“MCN: I= co co We)
xx | 5 BAGS BSCS OO RG Oe

NAN | ON SS SS oNSSSeracs

‘MAN | CODCOD CO ENS SOS

ufaan|22oSccooNoMoSS4o4

TAAL | SIGS IS ISIE TIES RelA

“MIN | SCNHOrANCH HH O16 16 O19 1
‘TaN ao mA oD Ol 4c oH

Loma!

AM Sq ii | SOSSoSUIIGS SSeS

3 a NTaae SHMOMNSCONAANAHTAATODr
ax at | cost Deal SN Ei

wham | ONS SS SSON OC OCSNN

10
14
3
37 | 2

“1. NN | FOIA SISO OEMS

‘NAqM | CON SNHAAMCOSHHAOS

"ySO AL | CONM DID AA AOOOM WMO
a

43. AstA so CNAMOOAANTDAD J 0 [ey S
nso | Not EHR Rl vasl 9) Bog aig | Ona oosomendoNmens
‘shaq: | SoS CON OMS OS OMS
“gs Aq “A Socoeonoocoocoonooon *YJIO NT SMmOMOAMONDCOMOHONHOrY |
Ds Be ee ie OS ASEAN |] OS OMNGIO OMS © SOs 'xtQ Oba
o I He oO he ra o =) ra
E-| Bb 2 og H a Bb o of ac b 2 Si q
a A; bond 4 o Me 4 oD
ae | = roe) AEE aa) El El ar aoe Passe podea Pers ae SESEa tases
O38 ge | gee kd habes o8 es4— gasiawe des oa god BSS eerades
gm BSSRPSP PERSE SERS Eo ES ASR RPaR ESE SEES Eo a Fon nba hoe Pee e eee
“ a Ss a2 ass {3 By) 5 oo fel & o 8 =] > 2 a a
Fal Seeqe55qnonzAnuadee Fai Seede se ak Seana seo FSI SesqssFaagozannaee
1 $$ aa 2 4 Si
OZ. 33 = Se =
$58 eS el ges
7 . . . " . . . oo) . . .
eae AQLUJOTA Puy Yoo]s] “g ‘ON eas AWLUIOLA PUB PUBS] IOPULAA *G “ON ga AYUPOTA PUB PURIST 104UTM *6 “ON
°

88 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 10 and 11.) Arctic Ocean and Baffin’s Bay.

Observed as follows :—

Arctic Ocean, longitude 80° to 85° W., by Parry, for 46 days in the summer and autumn of 1822
and 1823.

Baffin’s Bay, longitude 52° to 65° W., by John Ross, for 28 days in the summer and autumn of
1818; by Parry, for 61 days in the summer and autumn of 1819, 1820, 1824 and 1825; by Snow,
for 6 days in the summer and autumn of 1850; by Kane, 99 days in the spring, summer, and
autumn of 1850 and 1851; by Penny, for 6 days in the spring and summer of 1850 and 1851; and
by McClintock, for 83 days in all the different seasons in the years 1857, 1858 and 1859.

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
Resultant.

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

| W.N. Ww.
to sum of winds,

variable,

alm or
Ratio of Resultant

| North.

| West.

| Direction,
Number of days.

[E
(=)

8. 49°46’ W.).
N. 29 52

10. Arctic Summer
Ocean. Autumn

coro | N. N.E.
oa | South.

ors
Sos
=

Wo
ke 09
aco

a
(—)

|N.11 47
2\/N.21 5
Autumn N. 0 32
Winter S$. 52 3
Phevy ear! | <s2\|ce- sales |ex!| Sex lisa lewell eae | ees asl eel sell eee (ecell tees Meret Ni OEEMLO

Spring
Summer

Wey)
ies)
x
wo
wo
a

eb
oo Sr

bo

oo

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 12 and 13.) Western Greenland.

Observed ‘at the following places, viz. :—
Godthaab, from the year 1841 to 1845 inclusive. :
Jacobshavun, for 11 years, 1840 to 185

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT Points of THE COMPASS.
<3]
o 8
Place of | Time of the pie
observation, year. |e}
ony

Direction of
Resultant.

Direction.

n
W. or be-
tween S. & W.
to sum of winds.

tween N.& W.
variable.

Ratio of Resultant

Number of days.

S. E. or be-
N. W. or be-

an
Boi opewHoH onsite | fread bi

North
twe
East.
South.
s.

Calm or

orHowmueswnoonn | Wert

| January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

HH
W ROTH ODOUR RE

BRHONRPE BE Pwr p
AMNWMDAMNMOH OO
TROP RROAMDMIASO

2
4
os
=
=
os
o
tas)
a
ct
6
a

REAR IIBY! 155 || <3!
N. 87 19 W.] .08
8. 86 58 E. | .26
|N. 73 55 E. | .36
N.77 0 E.| .21

H
SCRORPATWNHNWWERRWWNDRE

AWOoowNoocooocooHHeHkKHS
OmPRRWNRENDRFONNDR RR -e pb

bo

He TG 2 CO
I

“THe

ry
ww

SERIES B. ZONE 5. LAT. 65° TO 70° N. 89

(Nos. 12 and 13.) Western Greenland.— Continued. 5

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DirreRenT Ponts OF THE COMPASS.

A=
Se
5”

a=
Eo

oa

-

=

Direction of

Place of | Time of the
Resultant.

observa- year.
tion.

Direction. |

to sum of winds.

variable,

|

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.

j ‘Ss. B. or be-
tween S. & FE.
South.

Ss.

t

WN. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

Ratio of Resultant
Number of days.

January
February
March
April

| May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

SOR ae Nene
me OO oO CO OI PB OV ora

No. 13. Jacobshavn.

N. 75° 45/ E.
5.48 30 E.
5.88 43 E.
8.82 25 E. | . +H.
8.87 34 EH. | .33 | ......

Be wom aarRoowds ws | North.

oo

DaArnnonwwwbywwwhwwhob
poowocosconnscsce| West
BROCONNOCOCCOCOMHEHOHSS

CWWRH WH HEHEHE OHOHE EEE
Pw PR PRWR EDP ENDER eee

bo

oa
yo

=
joke

(Nos. 14 and 15.) Northern and Western Iceland.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Hyafiord, by Van Scheels, from June Ist, 1811, to May 31st,1813. The observations were made
sometimes once, sometimes twice, and sometimes thrice a day. When only one was made it is taken
to represent a day in this discussion; when two, each as half a day; and when three, each as one-
third of a day.

Stykkisholm, during the years 1866 to 1870 inclusive. Communicated by A. O. Thorlacius to
Dr. Buchan.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

i 3

52 os ag

5 a. =

a na
°

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of Direction.

Resultant,

Place of | Time of the e
observa- year. . °
tion. j

Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.

variable.

ly

Calm or
Number of days.

Ss.
tw

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
June 1, 1811)
to
June 1, 1812)
June 1, 1812
to | 64 103 |
June 1, 1813
June 1, 1811)
to 205 188
June 1, 1813 |

AMAANNANRAA A Anni

a
NTWAADTORPBRTWWO

No. 14. Eyafiord.
a ASPasahahhssaass

A

Z
4

12 July, 1874.

90 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 14 and 15.) | Northern and Western Iceland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE ta Monsoon
weet DirFeREXT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Se influences, a
he i 2 3 22 3
o » eo 2 . oe
Place of | Time of the = a ze ate s Direction of S 5 Direction. 3
observa- year. aioe Be 2 on 5 laa | 22 Resultant. 2 3 & 3
Hon: = 43] 2 |ad| S |BS| 8 [Fs |e =o Stale
z|ee| a |al| o lat] Feels fa ye a
January 1 7 8 5 4) 3 1 Wy 2
February Wil ve 7 PW Be eA al 2
March 0 ey lat 2 3 3 2 1 2 ee
: April 1 7 8 4 5 Ube a 0 3 é
Z| May 1 (3 |) all 3 2 Ziel 2 3 *
& June 1 5 | 6 3 5 4) 2 2) 2 oF
& | July 1 3 8 3 | 3 By 3) 3) 4 *
=| | August yO) Bi Bi Bi A Bl By 2
& 4/|Sept’mber} 0 | 10 5 3 5| 3 1 1 2 é
n | October il 5 6 5 5 4 | 1 1 3 A
x3 November} 1 6 7 hil) ot) Bi 0 3
re December | 1 7 6 5 3 4) 2 1 2 ann003803 en || oasecpeco
3 Spring 2 | 20 | 30 9 | 10 6 | 4 3 8 | S. 86° 43’ E. 45 |N. 65 E. | .14
A Summer 3 | 14 | 22 Gp ili 9 7 7) A054) S273, 36 1B. 5284) Nes4 Wen
Autumn 2| 22) 18) 11/15) 10) 4 2 8 | 8. 67 38 E. .33 |S. 182 W.| .054
Winter PAN Pat PAL | GURA | MO} pe TU 5 2 6| 8.75 8 E. 35 |S. 50 E. | .02
| The year 9 | 76 | 91 | 41 | 46 | 36 | 20 | 14 | 32 | S. 76 47 E. | .83 |] ......... ans

(Nos. 16 to 21.) Lapland, Finmark, and the adjacent seas. .

Observed at the following places, viz. :—t

Andennes, Finmark, from 1863 to 1868 inclusive.

Atlantic Ocean (long. 15° W. to 15° E.) by the French Commission, for 28 days at different times
in the summers and autumns of the years 1838,1839 and 1840, and by the German Polar Expedition
for 5 days in the year 1868.

Arctic Ocean (long. 30° to 40° E.) for 15 days in the summers of the aforesaid years.

Bossekop, Finmark, from August 30th, 1838, to May 16th, 1839.

Kautokeino, Finmark, for 2 days in April, and 4 in September, in the year 1839.

Kiexisvara, Lapland, for 24 days in May, 1839,

Kolare,Lapland, for 2 days in May, 1839.

Kilangi, Lapland, for 2 days in April, 1839.

Karesuando, Lapland, for 2 days in April, 1839.

Muonioniska, Lapland, for 1 day in April, 1839.

Tromsoe, Finmark, from July to November, inclusive, 1867. Reported to the Meteorological
Institute of Norway.

RELATIVE PRBVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Monsoon
PoINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

Direction of
Resultant.

Calm or var.

Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

East.
| Bet. S.W.& W.

| Direction.

16. At sea, Spring

long. 15° W. 4 Summer
to 15° E. |Autumn
17. Andennes.?

ce | South,
too | Bet. S.& S. W.

bw o | Bet. BE. & 8.E.

SetmlmBensamers!
non | Bet. W.& N.W.

ope | Bet.N.W.&N

Hao | North.
awe | N. E.
|
moo! N. Ww.

e

Bewo wr

Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Autumn

rook

18. Tromsoe. -

mor tO
wrpo wre
oooo
ea)

b
bwpos
Ao BR

=

a
| <Too stat

woow owo!| Bet. N.& NE.

2 Mr. Buchan, in his work on the prevailing winds over the globe, gives them for this place as follows, for the
different months of the year, viz.: January, February, March, April, October, and December, south; May, June
and August, northeast; July, west; September, southwest; and November, south or northwest.

! The observations at all the places, except Andennes and Tromsoe, were made by the French Commission.

SERIES B. ZONE 5. LAT. 65° TO 10° N. 91

(Nos. 16 to 21.) Lapland, Finmark, and the adjacent seas.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences.
: <= : Pati a
Al al fe | ya) Jel lel ley el. EE Ea
Place of Time of A 3 wi a o a] |e 4) & | Direction of 25 5 o
observation, | the year. 3 A B ra] 3 S| | al =| > | Resultant. ar 8 a
a)4) 12] . | ai 3) 1 ui) | ail sl) | 2] 2 joa] Ss _|3
el elela|sle#lelgle2le ze Fal 4 ee] 2 | 2 ial
Aa zal |e ila lalala ala ela 2/8 S le | A | ele]
Spring [13] 0) 3) 5| 24 251 179|43|39|23)33/15 28 30.59| 8| 15|S.42°49/R. |.47 |S. 10°. |.184|
| Summer} 2) 0) 6 0; 0) 0) Oj 0} 1) 0} 3) O 0 Oj O| 3) CIN.34 12 E. |.25/N. 22 W.!.392
19. Bossekop. , | Autumn|20) 7/15/23/106 139 120/78|36)32) 2918/20/13 81'76/163|S. 60 6 E. |.24|N. 62 W.|.09°
| | Winter | 5) 4/25/20) 81515)190/87/49/39/39/29/31/15 23:15] 37|S.53 6 BH. |.61 |S. 441 K.|.284
: [|| SURETY loool focal| aso] 605] coall oda). cca|focatlect| ese|)|300/leoallaa0) se! loo s=2| --|9. 60) 36 He |edd|| .2. 25. 5
pa | Spring | 3] 1/ 3] 0| 7 3] 36/20] 6(17/25| 3] 1) 3| 7| 4] 32's. 7 6 B. |.40]_ ......
vicinity .2 t] Autumn} 1} 2/ 5) 0; 0} ©} 2} 0} 0} 0] 0} O| O} O Oy) WAIN ey, FT NOE Gasca
21. At sea,
long. 30° to Summer] 2/ 0) 0} 0} 1) 14) 3) 2) 5) 4) 9) 1) 7 3] 5) 4) 48.27 54 W..25) ......
40° EB.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
2 Including Kiexisvara, Kautokeino, Kolare, Kilangi, and Karesuando.

(Nos. 22 to 25.) Northern Sweden.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Haparanda, by G. W. Bellman, from July, 1859, to December, 1866, inclusive.
Jockmock, by G. Westerlund, from November, 1860, to December, 1866, inclusive, except May,
June, July, and August, 1861.
Pitea, by L. A. Ringius, from July, 1859, to December, 1866, inclusive.
Stensele, by A. G. Bjuhr, from May, 1860, to December, 1866, inclusive.

a RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT “aie Monsoon
3 POINTS OF THE COMPASS. arn influences. :
=a 5
al |e) lal |al lel Jel lel |e gs 2
3 Time of a a wn 3 a) 3 Z 2! | Direction of | 3 S
& | the year. 8B 5 3 | 3 ES 3 B|.| Resultant. jag] 5 |
2 a/4| 12). (A) .|alg lal. lala [Ele aloe 62 | Direction.| g
Blale (al le ele tele le lel 2 lee =e El 8
a, 2 |B) 2 [A] a | a| a | Ala |al i ie) Bale |alo i & | &
. Spring /162)12)151)15|182/41} 63 4 88) 6/125 26 132 10/222/45/346|N. 9°31’ W.).14 | N.37° W.|.064
a 4 Summer 236 10)112)21/282/88) 86) 9.106) 7|138/30) 90)16)/235 79|285/N.21 42 FE. |.15 |N.39 E. |.064
-G Autumn}111| 9)117)26)270/37| 80) 4,120)19/187|43)127| 8)213/44/422\N.10 40 W.|.03 |S. 183 W.).06
& Winter | 71| 4)133/17|174)/37) 69) 4) 73) 8) 95/23/115) 5/141/28)497/N.31 12 E. |.06 |S. 52H. |.053)
CE {LH MN 7A cco iooal| caollecall eoslice!| eeallecol|) asolloosl| ' Sealleaall: eceliocal! coa|feeelle caclNlo) 4) BYMe1D5 HAO IN Tasemes
eo Spring | 76 8/139/22) 88) 6107/22 148/49/147\10/170) 4) 55) 4508)8.15 59 W.|.11 |S. 782 W.|.03
33 Summer 115/13)171'51)169'16'120)25 170.45) 73/14) 85) 3) 27) 3 272) - 10 36 EH. |.20 | N.80 E. |.19
= fl Autumn|111) 7) 95 16/128/13)140)19 142/18)192/19)167| 6) 78) 2597|/S.18 27 W.|.10 |N.81 W.|.03
ra Winter | 91) 2) 58 4) 60) 8} 90/14157) 6/170) 9/249) 0) 73) 0)/733'5.44 3 W.|.19 |S.75 W.).14
||| Diba 572") coellocs cxolloeel! coullcoa|], cou|fooe!| con zae|) codllco-|} ‘coullecal) cnollocsl) ceolfse 2k) Wivapl@ |] | eon =x
Spring |19341/140 28) 78) 8/118/41 274 30) 96/14) 91/11) 85)20/590 sh 440) SP 1D, OW I] coacee
i 2 Summer |204/42/125 21/178]17/200|80 321/47) 62)20)103/23}107/41 413/8.47 43 BE. /.13 | ......
oe Autumn )248)/39/114 13) 65/14) 91/38 380/59 198)25/161/13)165)27/422.5.52 53 W.|.13 | ......
a Winter |153)/28/106 19) 18) 6) 40/17 229/35)150)17)124,17,12418)824'S. 76 56 W.).11
The y’r!|..1]...|_ ...!.-- ccelas0]], o20l|2021| cccllocel| 260][c0al!| acel[e0o|| coolfoss|| doofS 16) BG Wg OG |] coscos wie
a Spring /31415|171 19) 96) 3)198)14 397/11)216)12) 69) 1) 77)14/234)S. 24 b7 E. j.12 |S.25 E. |.02
hs 3 Summer}284/16/236 21/164) 2)177)15 406/31)250/13)126) 7) 76)15/180/S. 24 25 E. |.114|5.20 E. |.02
os Autumn|319)/16/243 10/126) 7|204) 7 344 17)/292 5 123 4124/15 /205)S. 14 50 E-|.06 | N.363 W.|.04
IS &, || Winter |300} 6/214 10) 96] 2239/10 332/12/233] 1/105] 1/100)10/231'S. 29 31 E. |.09 |N.49 E, |.01
ty L| They’r!| ...|... viele Fee |es5| eee ees Neco eel eel osc Mae t.|-2-|| «|S. 24 10 E. |.09

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

92 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 26 and 27.) Northeastern Siberia.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

No. 26. Nijnii Kolimsk, by Baron Wrangel, in the years 1820, 1821, and 1822, who says that a
northwest wind ‘blows almost without intermission,” and in another place that the sea winds “‘always
prevail.”

Anadyrsk, by a member of the Russo-American Telegraph Expedition in the years 1866 and 1867.
See note to Nos. 69, 70, and 71 of Zone No. 6.

No. 27. Bush’s Station, by George Bush, from October 21st to December 31st, in the year 1866,
as follows :—

North 9, N. EH. 2, East 15, S. E. 7, West 29, N. W. 16; calm or variable 4.
Direction of resultant N. 48° 29’ W.

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, 31.

Number of days, 41.

( North 1, N. E. 1, East 8, S. E. 2, South 1, West 16, N. W. 30.
December 2 Direction of resultant N. 52° 52’ W.
( Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, 58.

Autumn

ZONE No. 6.
LATITUDE 60° To 65° Nortu.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made
in the following portions of it, aggregating about 420 years:—

No. of

stations. Aggregate length of time.

Region.

Pacific Ocean . F : ; : . : | eae 567 days.
American Continent : : ‘ : : : Over 114 years.
Greenland j : 19 months.

Hudson’s Strait, Baffin’s Bay, and Atlantic Ocean . Be 256 days.
Southwestern Iceland and Faroe and Shetland Islands Nearly 35 years.
Norway and Sweden : : : ; ; 5 71+ years.
European Russia. : : : ; : : 2705 years.
Siberia. : : 3 : : 5 5 3 Over 27 years,

(Nos. 1 to 64.) Pacific Ocean and Alaska.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—

At sea (longitude 172° E. to 160° W.), by Beechy, for 21 days in the summers and autumns of
the years 1826 and 1827; by Rogers and Schonborn, for 43 days in the summer of 1855; and on
board the New Bedford whaling barques Cleone, Roscoe, and Helen Snow for 295 days in the
springs, summers, and autumns of 1859 to 1861, and 1864 to 1870, both inclusive.

Fort St. Michaels, Alaska, by H. M. Bannister, of the Russo-American Telegraph Expedition,
from October 15th, 1865, to August 31st, 1866, and communicated by him to the author.

Ikogmut (on the river Kwipack), Alaska, by Jacques Netzvetof, and communicated by C. Wesse-
lowski to Prof. Kaemtz for insertion in the Repertorium fiir Meteorologie. The observations appear

' Nijnii Kolymsk. Percentage of winds in winter: 3 years, 1820-22.
N. N. E. E. 5. E. 5. Sai WwW. N. W.
6 2 5 29 13 7 25 12

Wrangel does not give the winds for each day, but says that moderate and strong winds from this direction
blew on these days, etc. From these remarks the above percentage was computed by Dr. Woeikof.

SHR LES) BL ZONE 6. MAT "60°" O 65° N. 93

(Nos. 1 to 64.) Pacific Ocean and Alaska.— Continued.

to have been made once a day, and extend (with interruptions amounting in the aggregate to 396
days) from September 13th, 1848, to July 6th, 1854.

Nulato, Alaska, by W. H. Dall, of the Russo-American Telegraph Expedition, by means of a
pennant 60 feet from the ground, from December Ist, 1866, to May 26th, 1867.

Plover Bay, Alaska, on board the New Bedford whaling barque Cleone, from September 18th,
1859, to July 13th, 1860, with frequent omissions.

Unalakleet, Alaska, by F. Westdahl, of the Russo-American Telegraph Expedition, from October
19th, 1866, to January 23d, 1867.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF Monsoon
THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
Resultant.
Direction.

variable.
to sum of winds.

Bet. N. & N. EB.
Bet. E.& S. E
Bet. W. &N.W.
Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

Calm or

WEE Ue

n
oD
e

Spring | 26 |11 : g { N SO5QIHP.23 | ose.
Summer] 42 |11 b 2 PAS IS 2) BASIE MIB) || Secon
Autumn) 55 /|16 3} 18 ae 23 E.?|.3384] ......

. Plove

30
10
46 |
54

A 2
Z| 8 lz
Z| 4 Ia

. Unalakleet.?

| |
62 0 | 0} 12,N.85 04.9 /.66 | ......
127 1 | 0| 13)/N.75 54E.? |.62 | ......

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 Observed from the magnetic meridian, and in the computation of the direction of the resultant an allowance
of 30° 30/ is made for the variation of the needle, in accordance with the estimate of the observer.

3 Observed from the magnetic meridian, and in computing the direction of the resultants, an allowance of
80° 30/ is made for the variation of the needle.

94 WINDS OF THE GLOBE

(Nos. 1 to 64.) Pacific Ocean and Alaska.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE ]
5 influences.

CoMPASS.

Direction of |
| Resultant.

variable
Ratio of resultant

Calm or

to sum of winds.
Direction.
Number of days.

|e |i

. Ikogmut.!

Jan. 203)... 1179|... ... [488]... , ...| 569]...| 975)... |5447
Feb. _‘|1241).../2943]...|1028]...|355]...| 212...) 993}... 3)...|1099].../1631
{March [1117| ..|1277|...| 851]...|824]... ...| 824]... ... {1090}... |2925
April | 663|.../2044)...]1436]...|276)... fe ...| 166].../1160]...|3923
May 215)...|1613]...)1720].../376]... |...) 995]...) 323]...) 215]...|4301
June 580)...| 525]... .-./829|...| 221].../1298]...| 967|...| 967]...(4309
July —{1290)...)2420)...| 807]... a ...{1129]...|1774}.../1290]...|1290
H August | 417]... 833)... 833]... a ee ...| 000].../1250]...|1667

454) ...]2182)...12 5 i Et ...| 182]...] 545].../3455
Oct. 450)...| 975|.../1850]...|425]... ...| 400]... ...(1075]...|4600
Nov. 714)...|1524]... me Be ...| 429]...| 453]...| 643]... (5286
Dec. 662}. |1256|...|1096]...|731]...] 228]...| 845|...| 479]...] 685]...|4018
Spring | 665)...|1645)... ny) ee ey) |...| 509|...| 822]...|3716|/N.46°48/E,
Summer} 762).../1259)... mentees aes Bilan ...|1169]...|2422|
Autumn| 539]...|/1560).../1402]...)605]...] 98]...| é «| 253)...| 754]... |4447
Winter | 702|...|1793)...| 884|.../525|.../1046]... oa ...| 9201... 13699
The y’r | 667]|...|1564|...|1068].../474)... PA ...| 584]...| 916]... /3571|

No. 6. Nulato.?

Spring | 40 |12) 63 13 | 58 | 0| 24 |N.31 44 E.?).
Winter | 24 | 4) 22 20| 0| 1: 0 73 |N.15 32 W2) «

No. 6}. Nos. 3, 4 and 6 combined.

Spring | 36031] 114 0} 33 | 0| 27] 0] 70 110/N. 2 51 E| 51 IN. | .25 |1'79
Summer| 136] 0] 22) 0| 34 | 0| 12| 0] 144 2 30/8. 61 5W.| .17 S. 325Ww.| .40 | 92
Autumn| 6850] 10311] 27 | 0 = 11} 17 32| 74|N.21 57 E.| .52 |N.30 E. | .25 104
Winter | 129| 4| 217| 1] 37 |26| 67| 0} 90 237|N.53 14 E,| .25 |S. : 1 234
Moye |Lcee lest caeeloes|| ee ees ee seer lose | aeks (|edeaeeel ae eee eet em 609

' The observations at this place were recorded originally for 16 points of the compass, but were reduced to eight
by Mr. Wesselowski, who distributed those from the intervening points equally between the two on either side. §
He also further modified the record by expressing the number of observations in parts of 10,000. As his com-
munication does not show in what months or seasons of the year the omissions of the 396 days (as already
mentioned) occurred, the column headed “‘number of days’’ is filled on the assumption that they were dis-
tributed uniformly over the entire period.

2 Observed from the magnetic meridian, and in computing the direction of the resultants an allowance of
30° 30/ is made for the variation of the needle.

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 7 to 11.) Hudson’s Bay Territory.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Fort Enterprise, by Sir John Franklin, from September 1st, 1820, to August 31st, 1821, but
published in extenso only from January 12th to May 9th, 1821.

Fort Norman, by Andrew Flett, for five months of 1862 and 1863.

Fort Rae, Great Slave Lake, by Lawrence Clarke, Jr., 1859-60; and by Mrs. Lawrence Clarke,
Jr., 1861-64.

Fort Reliance, Great Slave Lake, by Capt. Back, from November Ist, 2) till May 23d, 1834,
and during part of October, 1834.

Fort Simpson, by Capt. Lefroy 18 times a day during the months of April and May (date not
preserved), and by Bernard R. Ross for 17 months in the years 1859, 1861 and 1862.

a

SERIES B.

(Nos. 7 to 11.)

Place and kind of
observation.

( Surface
winds

Motion
of clouds

Two pre-
ceding
l combined.

No.7. Fort Norman

f

Surface
winds

Fort Simpson.

Two pre-
ceding
combined

No. 8.

Surface
winds

Motion
of clouds

Fort Rae.

Two pre-
ceding
combined

No. 9.

t
|
|
aie |
|
|
|

Time of the
year.

Spring
Winter

Spring
Winter

Spring
Winter

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

ZONE 6.

Hudson’s Bay Territory .— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.

oO

a cr :
7 WWNPB! OWOSC!: WONKR NOD CO NG

: woo
a a Sor)

oo |S. E. or be-
we] tween S, & BE.
SIs SO OUNIN | South,
S. W. or be-
or | tween S, & W.

Ee OO
Ibe e
ep oe
He boo OO or oo

> OF wo:

e [Sé)
MTBF Bs ONoCW:

tween N.& W.
variable,

Calm or

Direction of
Resultant.

Ratio of Resultant

care

67 57 W.

65 58 W.) -
84 29 W.|-

ala

79 31 W.| -
80 52 W.| -

wa

13 E. | -
W.) -
W.| -
W.|-
W.|-
W.|-

PAGAN EA

rss

AZAAPARARAAAZLA AAAAAAA:
ANWHOTHMAAMNWoT wow 7

WoPTNPNORATN HR arb

to sum of winds.

. 82°18/ W.| -20

Mian Amini wait

G02 AO) GH 2X.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Number of days,

Eb

Months.

| wav. 5,
| soyw.
|» Ss. E

eorenwwro|s.byE.

|
|

=)

January
February
March
April
May
Winter
Spring

No. 10.
Fort Enterprise.
pa eee
e
MASOOCONWae

ro
BRE pear

=
warow o ob

DPNPHOHEE | N.E, by N.
eee Nery

BHoeorHo|S.E bys.

wowoooo | 8.E. by E.

arrrotoon |S. by W.

aAROWWwRO | Ss. S. W.

HooHocools.s. E.

wWwIoNHar | N. by E.
ra
BHAODHS

a
beeHoor|!S.W.byS.

Monsoon
influences.

y N.

Direction of

Months.
resultant.

| Ss. W.
West.
N. N. W.
Calm or

variable.

Ratio of re-
sultant to sum
of winds.
No. of days.

5 18 WAYS Bateds
-26 45 HE. | .30 | ......
5845 Ooi} cUE) 1) canoes
Oe aes Bro eS Olelliiacaiess
.49 45 E.]. eepees
515 HEP IG |) alll |] asece
-46 30 E. | .15 | ......

January
February
March
April
May
Winter
Spring

wt | W.N. W.

=
=
TISQNW Br bb

No. 10.
Fort Enterprise.

cow eo ocx | W. by S.
to
Souacc!N.W.d

19 | 0 |
20 |11 |

pot 0019.19 | 8. W. by W.

=
cal
Rp
E
Z
1
2
4
0
0
3
6

aONOROCNHS | N. by W.

TaTSH AR]! W. by N.

SS)
=
ADOWwayp
as)

=I
CSO
a rary
Nwoonwse

14

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

96 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 7 to 11.) Hudson’s Bay Territory.— Continued.
In the published abstracts for the entire year the winds are classified merely as
easterly or westerly, as follows :-—

Easterly
Westerly | 17

It appears from the foregoing that the preponderance of easterly winds over
westerly amounts to more than 17 per cent. of the whole. And if, with a view to
obtain some tolerable approximation to the probable mean direction of the summer
and autumn winds, and hence that for the entire year, we distribute each of the two
foregoing classes of winds among the several easterly or westerly points, in the same
ratio that they actually were distributed in the recorded observations of some month
in which the general result was nearly or quite similar, we obtain the following :—

Summer. Autumn, The year.
Mean direction of resultant, SE 3? 1G 1B Neca 4AsmBe INS US 1D
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, 14 20 13

Months.

North.
N. N

E. N. E.
E. by N.
E. by S
E.S. E
Ss. 5
South.

=

January
February
March
April

May
October
November
December
Spring
Autumn
Winter

i

—
Wm 9SOWONWWNWaw

i
APOAANSW

—_ L ol
WWOSRBROD
pet

bo
So

to

—
SCAOnNoaocoNWoOSSo

Great Slave Lake.

oo
pe

anoonmooocooccsco:
WNWNWWAASCSOWoOS
OROWHMWWRI AS

fond
OoOnNoaINPNOOCONW FR
Bhoseasoooa| sur w.
SABES IIT Ee

No. 11. Fort Reliance,

an
oes
H

oo
f—)
ms

Months. Direction of

resultant.

W.S. W.

W.byS

W. by N

W.N. W.

N. N. W.
variable.

Ratio of re-

sultant tosum

of winds,

West.

. 69°48’ W.?
- 13 13
- 19 38
- 49 20
. 76 51
. 64 28
. 66 23
. 65 21
- 62 29
- 86 30
- 20 30

January
February
March
April

May
October
November
December
Spring
Autumn
Winter

Be ow
SNF wunotaatp]8

(SS)

No. 11. Fort Reliance,
Great Slave Lake.

SCOoOAQCoCNNNN®D
NONNSSOSCOCONOCY
aORWORSTTOWOR
ROAOCSCONNNHWt
enanooacooooce

=
to

SERIES B. ZONE 6. LAT. 60° TO 65° N. 97

(No. 12.) Baffin’s Bay and Hudson’s Strait. Longitude 45° to 80° W.

Computed from observations made by John Ross for 12 days in the spring, summer, and autumn
of 1818; by Parry, for 81 days in the same seasons for 1819 to 1825; by Snow, for 6 days in the
summer and autumn of 1850; by Kane, for 15 days in the summers of 1850 and 1853; and by
McClintock for 28 days in the spring, summer, and autumn of 1857, 1858, and 1859, as follows :—

Spring: North 14, N.N. E. 2, N. BE. 1, E.N. 4H. 1, E.S. E. 5, 8S. HE. 12, 8.8. W. 4, W.S. W. 5,
W.N.W. 1, N. W. 7, N. N. W. 18; calm 2.

Direction of resultant, N. 8° 28’ W.??

Ratio of resultaht to sum of winds, .32.

Number of days, 13.
Summer; North 72, N. N. E. 25, N. E. 30, Hast 56, 8. EH. 49, 8. S. E. 20, South 35, S.S. W. 30,

S. W. 44, W.S. W. 28, West 36, W. N. W. 15, N. W. 55, N. N. W. 36; calm 22.
Direction of resultant, N. 48° 56’ W.
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, .01.

Number of days, 93.
Autumn: North 16, N. N. E. 10, N. H. 24, EB. N. BE. 3, Hast 11, H. 8. E. 4, 8. EH. 12,8.8. BE. 3,

South 11, S.S. W. 15, 8. W. 6, W.S. W. 3, West 18, W. N. W. 16, N. W. 33, N. N. W. 24; calm
or variable, 7.

Direction of resultant, N. 30° 10’ W.?

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, .28.

Number of days, 37.

(Nos. 13 and 14.) Southwestern Greenland.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Friederichthal, from October 1st, 1841, to April 30th, 1842.
New Herrnhutt, from July 1st, 1842, to June 30th, 1843.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place of Time of the
Resultant.

observation. year.

N. W. or be-

Direction.

W. or be-

Is. or be-

tween N. & FE.
to sum of winds.

North.

S. E. or be-

tween S. & E.

South.

S.

tween S. & W.

tween N. & W.

Calm or
variable,

Ratio of Resultant

Number of days.

N.

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
October
November
December
Spring
Autumn
Winter

. 71° 41’ FE. |.

fan
ROOD ORDOK OH wok OH eH bp

He

Bean coe | west

rary
PHONE AANRDOCH OTN

me)
ee)
5
a
=|
q
KR
o
q
E
oD
a
Gr)
ei
S)
a

=
a
ow —
SSSSSCSOSSOSCOSCHP AAW H COHN NATWW ARE bt
rs iw)

= bo
WHOOCWOSTSTOCTCOWWAMNDOOOARD OO

SSSSCSOSOSSCOCSOSOCHOMNAMNAENOHNNAMUAWeO
COIS ooo Sooo sioicio

AA AADAAAAMMA Mia Ae

=
WAWWASDWOOAWNFOOHHSOrFcCCOCOOWS
iw)
i

i me
SCOoORCONATIH

to
co

PS

So

ooocoococdeoco
AWMOWONSMOHDOSOrFCCOCCCOScCOHSoOSS
gHHSH Bed Sede

oo
(at)
ZAnny

No. 14. Friederichthal.

13. July, 1874.

98 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 15 to 19.) Southwestern Iceland.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Bessested, by N. Horrebow, in the years 1849, 1850 and 1851.
Reikiavik, by Gladstone and Park, from May 1st to November 20th, 1813; by Dr. Thorstensenius
(or in his absence by Capt. Vidalenus), from 1822 to 1836 inclusive ;! by the French Commission at
Reikiavik, and the waters adjacent, for 36 days in the spring of 1840; and by Rev. 8. O. Pallsen
for an aggregate period of 17 months in the years 1866, 1867 and 1868.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE ol _Monsoon
DIFFERENT PoINTs OF THE COMPASS, ae influences, ‘
ae Se
fe a EB 1 22 S
Place of | Time of the O38 O38 £3 Sa g | Direction of | p46 CS
observa- | year. ei ii sai Pras 0 ean DAs lps 5
tion. & oF og g ©) = “9 sep || 2S BE irection.| 5 | 3
21 48) 3. es ls |S acamiiese mere Z6 z |e
2 |e | a |e | a | ae | EF ee lo B |e
4 Spring 69| 43) 60) 66) 46] 46 9} 29 0 |S. 85° 29’ E. |.20 |N. 54° W.}.15 1841
2 [ Summer 62] 28) 12] 42] 38] 26 8| 44 5|N. 8 29 E. |.10 |N.37 W.|.033|1325
so 6} | Autumn 20} 36] 38) 89) 92) 46] 30] 13 0|S. 22 22 EB. |.39 |S. 18 W.}.204/182
ie Winter 49| 41| 54] 83) 80| 34| 18 6 0|S. 51 17 E.|.45 |S. 50 E. |.18 |180
a [ The yeat® |; seul ¢ sss |) soe | reese bere lames all pee eee 52a Rye . |678
wes [
5 4 || Spring 236 | 197) 168 | 249 | 140 74 | 124] 162) 262|N.51 45 E./.14 ] ...... 67
5.2.3 J | Summer 50), 39)| (32) T43h 8 451 420) 935 Sei aie Ss. 0d eoDebe tld |e eects 92
Be Autumn | 149| 74] S1| 74] 19] 17] 25] 19] 22/)N.45 49 B.).39 | ...... 91k
ae
(|January | 4.22) 5.15) 5.29) 3.21) 2.43) 5.15) 0.43) 1.46) 3.43) N. 87 15 E. |.20
February | 4.00) 5.29) 4.50 3.07) 1.71) 5.64] 0.35) 0.93) 2.43 N.83 9 E. |.20
March 4.65| 4.29} 4.93] 3.57] 2.51! 5.36] 0.50} 1.79] 3.21) N. 86 57 E. |.16
April 6.07| 4.22) 3.79) 4.15) 1.86] 4.64] 0.07| 2.43) 2.21) N. 60 11 E. |.19
May 4,72} 4.00] 5.35) 5.21) 2.28) 2.71] 1.00] 2.06] 3.43) N.80 7 E. |.25 4
June 5.36| 2.14 3.07) 3.22) 2.36] 2.93) 2.14) 5.21) 3.57 N.14 34 W.).13
we, || July 5.35) 1.01] 2.99] 3.08] 2.43] 3.35] 1.71] 4.85] 5.93|N.29 44 w.!.12
Boo August 4.79) 2.00 5.65, 2.78) 3.00} 2.64| 1.43) 3.78 4.43) N. 52 47 E. |.12
XS of September] 5.72| 3.28) 6.50) 2.71) 2.00} 2.58| 0.78) 2.58 3.57) N. 63 47 E. |.24
=i October 8.00] 4.86] 5.78} 1.64) 1.57] 4.29] 0.99) 1.21) 2.43) N.42 2 E. |.27
(oS November] 7.28] 3.43) 6.65) 2.14| 1.93] 3.57] 0.64) 1.00) 3.22,N.57 25 E |.2
December | 5.00) 4.93) 6.22) 1.86) 1.65) 6.50) 0.79) 0.85) 2.86 N.72 52 E. !.17
Spring 15.44)12.51/14.07/12.93] 6.65/12.71} 1.57) 6.28) 8.85) N. 75 30 HE. |.19
Summer [15.50] 5.15/11.71| 9.08] 7.79] 8.92] 5.28 13.84/13.93| N. 4 39 E. |.10
Autumn /21,00)11.57|18.93) 6.49) 5.50 10.14} 2.41| 4.79) 9.22) N.50 39 E. |.26
Winter 13.22/15.37|16.01| 8.14! 5.79/17.29| 1.57] 3.24) 8.72) N.80 53 E. |.19
The year |65,16/44.60)/60.72 36.64 25.73/49.36/10.83/28.15/40.72| N.59 21 E. |.17
ad Spring ||) (32) e264) 219) 7} 10 5 1) 17/N.86 43 E. |.40 |N. 682 E. |.20 |123
58 ||Summe | 19/ 14| 10] 24/ 18] 16] 8] 6] 41/8. 45 23 E.|.12 |S. 764 W.|.13 [154
6.2 Autumn 4 GA ae aly aa) at 3 6| 12)8. 32 17 E. |.26 |S. 242 W.|.184) 91
oe Winter 16| 36| 24] 12 3] 28 4 2| 25)N.70 30 E. |.23 |N. 52H, |.13 |150
fa The year? |... Sec eee ose see || see) |e Gebel eat | 225 nena 7. [Dim
of (| Spring | 233 | 215 | 230] 210] 106] 191] 32] 96] 152)N.77 54 E.|.21 |S. 592 B. |.06
sar Summer 245 94/ 180| 178} 136 | 149 88 | 213 | 241|N.16 38 E 063 8. 85 W.|.14
Bs 2 Autumn 326 | 181 | 292 120 92 | 155 41| 77| 145|N.53 30 E. |.26 |N. 34 E. |.10
3 be Winter 201 | 251 | 248 | 126) 84) 270) 26) 47] 147|N.79 47 E.|.19 |S. 41 BH. |.05
fc || The year {1005 | 741 | 950} 634] 418} 765 | 187) 433] 685|N.64 17 E.).17 | ...... oo

1 The earlier observations were made at the village of Raes near Reikiavik.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
3 The resultants are those computed by Prof. 5. Holmsted, modified by the effect of calms.

(No. 20.) Atlantic Ocean. Longitude 35° W. to 10° E.

Computed from observations made by John Ross for 16 days in the autumn of 1818; by the
French Commission for 84 days in the summer and autumn of 1838, 1839 and 1840; by Snow for
3 days in 1850; and by McClintock for 7 days in 1857, as follows :—

Summer: North 31, N. N. H. 54, N. H. 51, E. N. BE. 86, Hast 111, HE. S. E. 79, S. H. 44,8. S. E. 6,
South 48, 8.8. W. 21, S W. 20, W.S. W. 32, West 75, W.N. W. 42, N. W. 37, N.N.W. 26;
ealm or variable, 72 (?).

SERIES B. ZONE 6. LAT. 60° TO 65° N. 99

(No. 20.) Atlantic Ocean.— Continued.

Direction of resultant, N. 68° 11’ B.

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, .02.

Number of days, 71.

Autumn: North 20, N.N. EH. 17, N. EH. 23, BE. N. H. 11, Hast 22, B.S. E. 53,8. E. 36,8. 8S. E. 33,
S. 66, S.S. W. 21, S. W. 36, W.S. W. 21, West 42, W. N. W. 15, N. W. 48; calm or variable 42.

Direction of resultant, 8. 2° 7’ W. (?7).

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, .19.

Number of days, 42.

(Nos. 21 to 23.) Faroe and Shetland Islands.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—
Bressay, Shetland, for 11 years, 1857 to 1867.
Hast Yell, Shetland, by A. Matthewson, for 29 months in the years 1863 to 1868.
Thorshavn, Faroe, for 4 years, 1866 to 1870.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
Resultant.

Place of | Time of the
observa- year.
tion.

Direction.

to sum of winds.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
Fast.
S. E. or be-
tween S. & F.
S. W. or be-
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of Resultant
Number of days.

January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

whoa | South.

Samo cwmwe me | West

mT Or G0 O2 OD SO AT ONG NAT

No. 21. Thorshayn.!
Cr RWRWWh CP ROO CO

fs ie x
Bobet owmoe wee cis | North
WAeRGaNTIwonnmnbWhyhPhhbeEe bt
Remora WiPR Wh Wr Wr BB bo
NNWOW RHEE BWDP H EHS

SOONTNWNWrR owe bo

bo
wr
oo

ae
ot) SHR oSonwe awww |

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
‘Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

AMAT wwP Roo

No. 22. Bressay.1

16

36
20
13
16

77
86
61
84
81

6 S OUP HB HB C9 02 Co iB DO CO Ph Or

=
—

OH ee
warns

RH
COW RAWHRWNWARSD TOT

OBIT WNP NPNmwnmnNmwnphbe
SWNT WRPWNWNPWNND RR ee}

(J¥)
SNIDDMWONWNRrwhowocwh ow
2Gat: ig
4444"

bo

rs
~I
OP TTS Ph hNPhw PRWeb

—
oo

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

me bo
so OB

> ePNyNe

7 OMWOS
coow

No. 23.
East Yell.

ST OO ———Ovmn a

AMMA MMII tA
aa454

' Reduced by Dr. Buchan from the original observations.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

100

(Nos. 24 to 30.)

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

WINDS OF

THE GLOBE.

Western and Central Norway.

Aalesund, by Mo for 6 years, 1861 to 1867 inclusive.

Bergen, for 8 years, 1861 to 1868 inclusive.

Christiansund, by Hauge and Tensberg for 7 years, 1861 to 1867 inclusive.
Dovre, at the Telegraph Station from August, 1864 to December, 1867 inclusive.
Drontheim, by the French Commission for a few days in June and July, 1838.
Soendmor, from November, 1849, to August, 1851 inclusive.

Villa, from 3 to 4 years, 1865 to 1868.

Place of
observation.

24.
Aalesund

25. Soendmor |

f

27.
Christian-
sund

Time of the
year.

January
February
March
April
May
June

| July

August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
The year
January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer

| Autumn

Winter

| The year

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

tween N. & E.

158
32
50
56

140

952,

404

213
214
208
59
46
36
2)
448
635
141

762.1327

225
161
258
275
919/2

S. W. or be-

tobe
aS | tween S. & W.

| 142!

| 342

182)
139
108
95
89
62
98
147
177
198
187|

249
522
51l|
1624 2031

] N. W. or be-

tween N.& W.

variable,

Calm or

Direction of
Resultant.

atio of Resultant

R

55 W., .10

to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Number of days,

28. Drontheim. The observations at this place are included with those made at sea in the vicinity, No. 20.
Dr. Buchan, in his work on the prevailing winds over the globe, gives them for the several months of the
year at Bergen and Villa as follows, viz. :—
Jan, Teb, March. April.
29. Bergen, S. 5. 5 8. & N.
30. Villa, S.E. S.E. 5. E.

May.
5.& N.
5. W.

Aug.
Saas
Ss. W.

Oct. Noy.
Ss. Ss. &
S.E. S.E. W.&S.E. S.E.

June. July.
N.

Sept. Dec.
Ss. 5

8. E. S.W. S.W.

SERIES B. ZONE 6. LAT. 60° TO 65° N. 101

(Nos. 31 to 36.) Middle Sweden.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Fahlun, by A. F. Boberg during the years 1860 to 1866 inclusive.
Gefle, by B. Hwasser from December, 1858, to December, 1866, inclusive.
Hernosund, H. A. W. Hybineth from December, 1858, to December, 1866, inclusive.
Holmia, during the years 1783, 1784, and 1785.
Ostersund, by Miss Anna Afzelius from October, 1860, to December, 1866, inclusive.
Umea, by E. M. Waldenstrom from December, 1858, to December, 1866, inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE -s Monsoon
Compass. aa influences. || §
£4 =|
Ze 3
6, i) a.
| Time of i : © |Direction of | §S d iS)
the year.| | | gj gj 2 : is = e = | 52 | Resultant. |S, x) Ly
fll |e | iy a te a 8 ee | ee || ce oI os 4 3 \oi
EIA|AlAlelalala| S|alel@] ela |F)e\ee Se IE)
° . . 5 CI : 5 ° 5 O otk Ke : a> ao = o (|o4y
ZI4Z4/4Z4/AIAIAlalal| aln|n|FIe |e lal/alo Pe A IA §
No. 31. Ostersund. i
W Spring |121) 5) 32) 2 48 15 184) 15 87} 4| 43] 3] 26] 44 227] 25! 761|/N.31°24/W. .06 | N. 1°W.!.05
HSummer179) 4) 37) 1 48) 1/155) 13) 109} 9) 72) 1) 43) 12320) 18) 592)N.42 9W. .14 N.33 W. 11
f Autumn |112) 0} 26) 0/138 16/230, 13) 167| 21/177) 2) 45) 20210) 19) 610/S. 442 W. .10|S8.12 E. |.103
j Winter | 49) 5) 52! 0} 57| 16/262, 3] 68) 2) 65) 1| 32] 31/185) 16) 874|S. 39 35 KE. | .05 | 8. 553K. .08
EDinebyarca eee (fee caios te ec eal etel|ioeecl cee eealieea lives lace: scall coal ccol| ocall ox INSEE) 2B yo! (OB
| |
No. 32. Fahlun
|
Spring |100| 65139) 49) 62) 42) 94| 75| 108, 88 94] 45) 76) 52/130) 92) 605/N.30 7 W.! -03 |N.36 E. |.053
Summer|126| 42.133] 52) 85) 38/148) 85) 154127137) 76| 68] 33/130] 79| 409/S. 8 34 W.| .07 |S. 34 E. |.06
Autumn |116} 43) 70) 20) 37) 29/118) 60) 140112131) 55) 92) 38173) 73 599/S. 66 43 W. .11 |S. 63} W.|.06
Winter |145) 49) 98) 44) 51) 34/111) 65 95] 56 88| 50| 99) 46/109) 79] 677|N.44 9 W.! .05 |N.12 E. -053
The y’r |487/199|440)165|235 143/471/285) 497/383 450/226/335|169)/542/323/2290|S. 70 21 W. .05
No. 33. Gefie.
Spring |134| 38158) 68/193) 7) 36) 17) 158| 29/109) 30) 68) 16) 52) 13) 770|N.72 244. | .08 | N.473E. |.083
Summer|141) 68 203} $7\265) 7| 28) 16) 263} 40/149) 60) 93) 9) 44) 16] 586)/S.81 19 BE. | .11 | N.713E. |.093
Autumn |126 27 66) 24] 65} 3) 42) 38) 199) 51/130) 54) 58) 9) 31) 12) 822/5.19 8 W.) .11)|8.43 W.}.074
Winter |120) 21) 48) 20) 72) 5) 54) 18) 180) 49/164) 46/111} 15) 49) 11) 879|S.40 47 W.| .13 |S. 634W.|.11
Mivepy2r}|itees lees reel! ced feo- ceo|| cool! coo || cecil cel] aca) cc0}| stall onl} Saal) coo |S IE} AAS 1D, |) (05)
|
No. 34. Hernosund.
Spring /167| 54/127) 34/160) 29) 99) 53) 203) 55/136) 2\112) 81 207) 41) 543)N.42 9 W.! .03 | N.23 E. |.09
Summer)173) 31) 90} 53/182) 26/131) 39) 373) 90/162) 11) 87) 40/172) 72) 364/S.- 1 28 W.! .11 |S. 443. |.07
Autumn }|136) 23) 52) 16) 78 21| 87) 54) 282) 76)108} 19|141| 32)133) 57] 686)S. 40 49 W.) .13 |S.37 W.|.05
Winter |153) 48) 95) 19} 60, 10/102 59} 201) 76/169) 17)127| 31/169} 43) 814)S. 65 50 W.| .09 | N.51 W.|.034
The y’r |629)156)254)122 480 86/419)205)1059/ 297/575) 49|467)/184)681|213)2407|S. 42 26 W.) .08
No. 35. Nos. 33 and 34 combined.
Spring 301) 92/285)102)353 36/135) 70| 361) 84/245) 32/180) 97/259) 541313|N.53 10H. | .04 | N.313E. |.094
Summer|314| 99 293)140|/447| 33)159| 55) 636)130/311| 71/180) 49/216, 88 9505.42 141. | .08 |S. 894K. |.07
Autumn |262) 50/118) 40/143) 24/129) 92) 481 127/238 73\199| 41]164 69 1508'S. 35 59 W.| .13 | S.50 W.|.073
Winter |273) 69/143) 39/132) 15|156| 77| 381)125)333) 63/288) 46/218, 541693,S.51 5 W.| -11 |S. 79 W.|.07
DHA) SAP Seal| coal) cell coal coal! cool) ceall coll cco ||’ ced) Seal) eoelll cccl} coal| cooll, cool) cas SSE YAEL etOD
No. 35 (a). Holmia.
{2 Se ea ra 2%
The y’r |299| 81/200 salons 47,178) 72) 199| 94/279|124/398] 66/188} 73) ... |N.84 48 W.| .12
No. 36. Umea.
|
Spring |169| 65/226) 87170) 41) 73) 48] 285|107|210] 22) 97) 32)138} 31} 321/35. 46 37 E. | .06 |S. 733E. |.06
Summer}128} 55/205) 53187| 55/124) 92) 399)142/180) 20) 94] 54/109) 42) 180/S.20 7K. | .19 |S. 274K. |.17
Autumn |297| 72/200) 29 95) 14) 81] 21] 215) 80/331) 32/152) 34/197] 41) 285)N.71 21 W.| .13 |N.GO W.|.123
Winter /335| 73/228) 67128) 25) 85) 22) 221) 54/294) 28/147) 24180) 68) 297,N.26 56 W. .10 | N.15}W.|.113
BMG SPR cco|] coc} coal) ceell cou|} coe])) G20] ecoll cco: |) e53|} ccc!) con copl|) cec|) ceo]! cool} cao. SE Se PA Vaya) 03 |
| | |

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

102 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 37.) Aland Islands, Baltic Sea.

Transeribed from the elaborate work on the Climate of Russia, by C. Wesselowski, who quotes
from the publications of Prof. Hillstrom, in the Transactions of the Scientific Society of Finland.
The observations were made by Dr. Stadius, for a period of 10 years, from 1818 to 1827 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of Direction.

i f th
Place of | Time of the Resultant.

observa- year.
tion.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
E. or be
tween 8S. & E.
S. W. or be-
tweenS. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Ss.

| 8385/1137) 619/2910) 836 D | faaet) | Scroll OS “iW
ao - 62
- 54
5 “7fll
- 67
- 63
72
78
40
50
44
51
75
otldl
46
65
68

January 769 |
February |1214 286|1000|1018|3429| 803 1:
March $62) 763) 381)1285|1186)3065) 678
April 1869 242)138411484/2211| 385

=
oo
(—)
m=

May 1947| 952) 190/1245) 996/2211) 322
June 2256 135) 606/1599/1717| 370
July 2629 183} 816]1497\2113) 416
August {1689 241) 947|1687/2323| 482/2
Sept’mber | 938] 563] 206/1557/1595 3021| 638
October 551| 606] 83] 606/1543/4628) 413
November | 892| 493} 277|1508/1415|3292| 277)
December | 415 256/1022/1214 3259|1182)1693
Spring 1559] 843] 271/1305/1222'2496 462 1843
Summer /2185| 491) 186 790/1594)2051 423|2280
Autumn | 794) 554) 189/1224/1518 3647 443 1633
Winter 799 3| 309|1053] 9503199] 9401703

The year |1334 239) 1093 132] 2848 567/1865

No. 37. Aland Islands.

thi hth In tht th tt A AO th Th

(Nos. 38 to 59.) Finland.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Abo, at the University for 77 years, from 1749 to 1826 inclusive, by Profs. Tere Kalm, Hellenius,
Planman, Meter, and Hiillstrom.

Galiko, for 8 years, 1818 to 1825 inclusive, by Rev. Dr. Ignatius.

Helsingfors,by Hiillstrom, for 12 years, 1829 to 1841; also at intervals of 20 minutes, or 72 obser-
vations per day, from December, 1852, to November, 1853, inclusive.

Hogland Lighthouse, during the year 1866, by Antzeff.

Iimola, by Pastor Frosterus, for 9 years (1818 to 1826 inclusive).

Kajan, by Rev. Dr. Eumelius, during the years 1818 and 1819.

Kalaioki, by Rev. Dr. Frosterus, for 9 years (1818 to 1826 inclusive).

Laichela (formerly Vasa) on the shore of the Gulf of Bothnia, by Sterval, for 4 years (1751 to
1754 inclusive).

Lemo Ganula, by Dr. Freidental, for 9 years (1818 to 1826 inclusive).

Loukas, by Pastor Axwidson, for 8 years (1818 to 1825 inclusive).

Paldamo (near Kajan), by Rev. Dr. Eumelius, for 5 years (1824 to 1828 inclusive).

Storkiro, by Reimius, for 10 years (1831 to 1848).

Sweaborg, from December, 1852, to November, 1853, inclusive, and published in Kupffer’s Annals,
1853.

Tammela, by Rey. Dr. Tolpo, for 14 years (1818 to 1831 inclusive).

Uleaborg, by Julin, for 12 years (1776 to 1787 inclusive) ; and by Rey. Dr. Frosterus, for 12 years
(1818 to 1829 inclusive). A part of the latter series was made at the ee island, Karle.

Varo, by Dr. Vegelius, for 25 years (1800 to 1825).

Virdois, by Perden, for 7 years (1826 to 1832 inclusive).

(Nos.

Place of

SERIES B. ZONE 6. LAT. 60° TO 65° N.

observation, | the year.

38. Laichela'| The year

39.
Storkiro?

Varo?

Al.
Ilmola?

lat. 624-634 N.
long.214-2245.3

42, Western
Finland,

38 to 59.) Finland.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE os Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences.
: £3 |——____
cy | a oe | Ae
Time of 23 os Be) £2) | Directionof | 5
a eu il BA | eco Resultant. | ¢ | Direction.
2 (2s . (88) 2 lcs) = leglee 3 ‘
Spee (ae | Sees ieee e Eo 2
2 ols & nis iS) F -2\ ar oe o
2 |Z) alae | «a lar) Fae jo 4 of
154! 96) 97) 68) 184) 170) 134 97) 8. 66° W }.12
(| January 915 1176|1216)1647| 811)1451/2143, 641... |S. 27 5 W. WE) |) a25c00
February | 673) 723)1446 1783/1397 TEV S86 |S 2) bil Wella) <2...
March 1129 1173)1777|1502/1009)1140)1568) 702) ... |S. 62 06 EH. }.09 | ......
April 1265|1191/1665)1180) 695} 864/1960|1180) ... | N. 4 33 W.|.08 | ......
May 2397| $30/1076| 820] 758] 891/1937,1291) ... | N. 32 40 W.}.23 | ......
June 1868) 822/1409| 928) 854)1078/1910,1131 ... | N. 40 13 W.j.13 | ......
July 1736| 833]1632) 995) 914/1343/1667) 880, ... | N. 39 25 W.|.05 | ......
August 1678} 812)1394)1218) 785/1001|18941218) ... | N. 39 50 W.|.10 | ......
September| 905) 613 1751/1591) 993/1300/1971) 876) ... | S. 10 21 WiVololllly 1) “ecndos
October 800) 400|1588 2230/1225 1430/1636) 691) ... |S. 7 55 E. }.223) ......
November | 714/1186|1142)1929|1157/2272/1043) 557) ... |S. 7 52 HE. |.22 ) ......
December | 603] 972/1631|2246| 836/2110|1287| 315 S. 20 38 E. |.255 odsn09 00
Spring 1597/1065)1506)1167} 821) 965)1822/1058 N. 12 26 W.|.08 |N. 2 W.).13
Summer |1761| 822|1478)1047| 851)1141)1824|1076 N. 39 50 W.|.09 |N. 20 W.|.13
Autumn | 806) 733 1494/1917 1125/1667)1550) 708 S. 4 17 E. }.18 |S. 11) E. |.13
Winter 730, 957|1431)1892)1015)1744|1734| 497 S. 3 52 H. |.18 |S. 11i§. }.13
The year |1224) 894/1477|1506| 953)1379)1732 835 S. 13 03 W.|-053) ...:.. 500
January |1057| 387) 882/3195|1968) 822) 662 1027 Sh Pd 20 195 pes) Goce
[ February |1124) 162) 970)3195|2249) 744) 487 1069 Sh rp Py Dh eel) Ganon
March 1148] 414] 852/2154|1044)1073] 710)1605) ... |S. 2 06 EH. |.185) ......
April 1619) 455 999|1815|1330 1244) 906/1634| ... |S. 40 20 W.|.05 | ......
May 1683] 389] $66|1324|1346| 893) 991/2508| ... | N. 58 11 W.|.153)_— ......
June 1502) 435) 903)1006 1018/1084/1199|2853) EC (ey (ane uns Yea] ee al |
July 1829] 3'73|1175/1285/1053)1092/1000|2193) ... | N. 47 O01 W.}.133| — ......
August 1404) 339 871/1581 1755|1313)1003)1734| ... |S. 44 56 W.).13 | ......
September] 970) 377) 951/2005|1681/1190)1282 1544 S$. 19 47 W.j-l7 | .....
October 974) 462/1014/2916|1483|1024) 981/1146| ... |S. 22 21 EH. |.233] ......
November| $21) 666/1225/3003|1657| $96| 718)1014| ... | S. 36 03 E. |.30
December| $99) 483/1264/3345|1748| 740] 645) 876] ... |S. 38 11 BH. |.353|_ ...... se
Spring 1483) 419] 906|1764\1573/1070| 869|1916 S. 50 12 W.|.07 |N. 403 W.).102
Summer /1578) 382) 983)1291|1275/1163)1067/2260 N. 71 47 W.|-14 |N. 41iw. 294
Autumn 922) 502)1063/2641|1607\1037| 994/1235 S. 20 10 E, |.22 |S. 37 W. |.103
Winter 1027) 344/1039/3245|1988| 769) 598) 991 §. 31 17 EH. |.333]/S. 443 b. |.23
l The year |1253) 412) 998/2235/1611|1010| 882)1600 S. 6 35 HE. |.123| | ..... vee
( January 1083) 271|2355| 271\1833| 792/3062) 333 S. 46 09 W.)-16 | ......
February |1148) 4193170) 73/2932) 6191384) 255 S. 40 09 E. |.233] ......
March 1296) 222/1982| §15 2259 815 2074 537) «- |S. 11 16 W.)/-16 | .....
April 2626) 323/2402) 2241152) 604.2079} 590 N. 5 00 W.|-153) ......
May 2788) 456/1617| 130)1199) 9392295] 626] ... | N. 41 30 W.).203| ......
June 2306) 499)1773| 241| 809| 757/2599)1016| ... | N. 39 52 W. CE] codcce
July 2650) 700/2283| 234) 633) 467/2150| 883] ... | N. 3 29 W.|.26| ......
August [2131 219)1785 364)1129/1020)2532) 820 N. 65 09 W.|-18)} ......
September|1638) 149/2511) 234/1553) 787|/2809 319 S. 69 17 W.)|.083) ......
October |1406| 178|2811] 462/1566| 872/2331| 374 S. 4 08 EB. j-07 | ......
November |1239) 372)/2725| 690|1487| 956/2018| 513] ... |S. 28 04 E. |.09
December | 757| 310/2857| 688)1532) 775|2737| 344) ... |S. 1 28 E. |.133) ..... oo
Spring 2220) 334/2000) 390)1537 7186/2149] 584] ... | N. 50 07 W.|.08 JN. 254 W.|.05
Summer 2362) 473)1947| 280| 857) 748)2427| 906 N. 32 24 W.|.20$|N. 23 W.|.08
Autumn /1428) 233/2682| 462/1535) 872)2386| 402 S. 10 41 W.|.06 |S. 26 E. |.07
Winter 996) 333/2794)| 344/2099| 729/2394) 311 S. 5 56 E. |.14 |S. 21} 15}
The year |1751) 343)2356) 369)1507 784\2339| 551 N. 81 30 W.|.04 | ...... po
Spring 5300|1818]441 2)3321/3931|2821/4840)3576 N. 57 29 W.|.05 |N. 19 W.).09
Summer |5701/1677|4408/2618 2.983/3052/5318|4242 N. 46 19 W.|.14 |N. 30 W.).18
Autumn |3156/1468/5239|5020/4267 3576 4930/2345 S. 8 59 EH. |.15 |S. 213K. |.10
Winter 2753|1634|5264|5481|5102|3242/4728|1799 S. 18 12 E. |.213|S. 29 E. |.16}
The year |4382\1745 4928)4178)4255|3343 5087/3083 S. 12 18 W.}.06 |... ose
L

103

Number of days.

1461

oo
Be
Ss

283

oo co
or
oo

310
300
310
310
300
310
300
310
920
920
910
903
3653
775
706
115
750
7715
750
775
775
750
775
750
775
2300
2300
2275
2256
9131
279
254
279
270
270
270
279
279
270
279
270
279
828
828
819
812
8287

1 Transcribed from Wesselowski, who quote
2 Transcribed (except the last three columns) from Wesselowski, who qu

Islands, No. 37.

3 Computed from the foregoing observati

ons at Laichela, Storkiro, Varo, and Ilmola.

s from the Minutes of the Swedish Academy for 1758.
otes from Hillstrom, etc. See Aland

104

(Nos. 38 to 59.)

Place of |
observation.
(|

43
Lemo |
Ganula!

|
f
44. Abo!

45. (
South- J
western }
Finland? |

L
{

46.

Galiko

January [1331

WINDS OF

Finland .— Continued.

THE GLOBE.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM TH

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Time of the
year,

North.

February | 929

March 927) 659
April 1189) 775
May 920) 908
June 716) 741
July 657/1063

Auguse 586
September| 716
October 645
November |1025
December | 717
Spring 1012
Summer 653
Autumn 795
Winter 992
The year | 863

January {1539/1748
1251

February |1368

March 1516/1

April 1426/1166
May 1278|1165
June 1417/1006
July 1041/1164

N. E. or be-

& EK. |

tween N.

275
630

502|

790/1185 1346)1457/2506| 864!

753)1218)1111/1709/2808| 681|
715/1311)1716)2416) 885
503) 913)1800|2753)1077
9851217 2005|2553| 802
691)1337|1246/ 1681/2546) 773)
885 1172/1800|2567| 884

781
693
641

701

327

August 908/1130
September)1118/1278
October {1251/1162
November |1185)1727

Spring 1407/1219

Summer
Autumn
Winter

1122/1100)
1185 1389
1381 1532|

The year {12741310

Spring
Summer
Autumn

|

Winter |2373)222
The year |2137/2011,1705

January 371

2419 2000 1474
1775 1793) 1248
1980 2030 1784
3/2314

817

February |1323,1134)

March 1123, 754
April 1834) 734!
May [1708] ‘877
June 1645 1054)
July 930) 558
August /1182) 529
September 812) 637)
October (1183) 645
November 1470 879|
December 1433 662)
Spring (1555 788
Summer |1252) 714
Autumn 1155) 720
Winter 1376, 871)

The year |1335
|

773)

East.

793 1519|2446/2218| 672)
801 1434)1447 2377) 943
550) 980/1255/2652/1039.
408) 840/1456/2741/1272
610 1003)1721)2724)1123,
490) 896/2222/2795| 836
778 1062)2012/2753| 753
992 1243/2545/2401| 788)

924) 978}1865/1470 731]
843 /1194/2233/1632] 685
787) 937/1936|1539| 813.
770 1140 1916/1573) 974

|1825'3228/4974)/2321

(2366 3600 4113|1458
2199 3465/4455/1838/2191) ...

/1001 1911 1418/1217
643 1803 1574 1594/1216
480 1992 1329 2189 1499
939 2173 1667/1509|1251
788 2088 11961593 1351

a A=
oe 32
ad ces pie
nA _ | on

a] a Bt | ers
Hg] SI/ES| 2
- 2 [-) -= b&
ne nN |ns i

897|1579 2054) 995

707) 812/1558,1957/1244
704) 956)1352 2287/1288
825] 968/1373)2420/1201
767) 886)1554 2244) 968
631,1181)1537 2148|1019
999/1185/1421/1732) 891
December |1236/1598 1164 1187/1659 1600) 640
759| 991/1810/1722| 927
745) 912'14298)/2221)1244
799 10841504 2041) 959
977 11201919/1567| 685

1027/1665 1888) 954

2302 3526/4138/1812

2301 3509 4594/1761

|
555 1757/1140 2049
807 2595 1031/1512
615 2262 1708/1600
734 1547 12601722
580/1600 1754/1461
463/1645) 959 2173)
543/2403 1535/1938

435 1928 1493 2457 1680

653 2277/2213 1529|
998 2596 1413 1306
1166 1645 1374 1693

712 2014 1442 Tee
| |

672/1317/1196|1519|2513) 753!
649|1475 1430/1814/2316) 885

tween N.& W.
alm or

N. W. or be-

699] ...
502] ...

766
1034
1696
1825
1099
1900
1296

884

827) --.

1003
1165
1608
1002

735) «.-

1128)

745
794
1145

1045) ...
1312} "es
1299| ...
1208} ...

1175
1185

1071) ...

860
916
1167
1227
1039

§18| ...

1063
2332
2835
2041

1553) ...

1618

739
1123
1324
1200
1422
1395

1178
1490
1086
1695

variable.

jc
|

PRRARADNA MMM MOMMA OMAN OOM Mim NINN nO nt

4424444 4h 444 4h 44ahraeeedaaare 4444qaeaaaaaes

4

A th th th th we wn tn

444444453

Direction.

Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.

194 /N.27 E.
241 N. 402 W
.33 |N. 763 W.|.
28 |N.72 W.|.
39 |S. 76 W.|.
31 |S. 442 W.
36 |S. 20 E
21 |N.71 E
.263|S. 67 E
.23 |N. 183 W
33 |N.83 W.
.29 |S. 37 E.
.24 |S. 86 E
263

061 |N. 60 E.
143 /S 473 E.
-054|N. 332 E.
.094|S. 584 E.
-133|N. 78 W.|-
16 |N.72 W.
.18 |S. 703 W.
.19 |S. 624 W.|.
14 |S.75 W.
141 /S. 56 W.
06 |N.73 E.
.094 |N. 783 E.
.09 |N.33° W.
-173/S. 833 W
10 |S. 34 W
Bibi Semele
cOG 2 | ieeseces
16 IN. 2 W
25 |N.87 W
.193|S. 253 E
1541S. E
|.18 |-

232 |N. 203 W.
153 |S. 644 E.
23 |S. 264 E.
17 |N. 143 E. |.
17 |N.19 E.
23 |N.11 W.
30 |S. 37 W.|.
-38 |N.84 W.|.
32 |S.13 W.|.
24418. 9 E.
14 |N.72 E. |.
AE} RGB) 155 |b
1.172 |N. 32 E. |.
28 |N.67 W.
23 |S. 9 E. |.
16 |N. 653 E.
ill lise

Monsoon
influences.

Number of days.

bo
-~I
oS

bobprpw
TAI
cock

to bo
<1-1
oo

279

bo
=I
co

wmNwwby
sTstst-I
oooeo

828
828
819
812

2387

4/2174

2387
2310

5} |2387

2310
2387
2387
2310
2387
2310
2387
7084
7084
7007
6948
2812

248
240
248
240
248
736
736
728
722
2922

! Transcribed (except the three ri

at Aland Islar

ids, No. 37.

ght hand columns) from Wesselowski, who quotes from Hallstrom, ete., as
See page 102.
* Computed from the foregoing observations made at Lemo Ganula, and Abo.

| 2 These observations, which were made at intervals of 20 mi
reduced in the directions of the four cardinal points, and the r

these reduced values, are therefore probably somewhat too large.

3 Computed from the resultants at Galiko, Tammela, Helsingfors, Sweaborg,

14 August, 1874.

105

Number of days.

|

aS
uC)
ns

395 |
434 |
420 |
434 |

SERIES B. ZONE 6. LAT. 60° TO 65° N.
(Nos. 38 to 59.) Finland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE 2 Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Aa influences.

a4

Sela z

Place of Time of o8 og B28 £2) | Direction of | 56

observation. | the year. te a By} Sz |.5 Resultant. |g Direction.

Ul . on (c} 5 a oP) os 2 x
£\as| ¢ las] = |B) @ |FS iss Z9 2
eB \ee| & lwo] a |id| & [aes fs

( ‘Jan. 745|1272) 1372)1448 921/2352| 996! 895] ...|S. 0°09/H.i!.124 |N. 672°R. |.14
Feb. 791| 765) 1131/1565] 1522/2409] 1078) 739] ...|S. 11 58 W.|.253 IS. 54 E, |.10
March 721| 704} 1085/1127) 1549/2784| 1243) 787] ...|S. 28 40 W.|.29 |S. 3} W.|.073
April 1139) 850] 964/1385| 1832/1981] 1051) 798) .../S. 13 53 W.|.193 'S. 83 E. |.08
a May 1255/1103) 1157/ 747| 1210/2091] 1156/1281] .../S. 75 36 W.|.43 |N. 77 W.|-293
a June 1319| 843| 549] 870| 1181/1804] 1529/1905) ...|S. 85 27 W.|.24 |N. 294 W.!.225
q July 917| 908| 75'7/1095| 1158/2458} 1478/1229] ...|S. 56 59 W.|.23 |N. 49) W.|.08
| August |1161) 545) 472) 925) 1597/2668 1089/1543) ...|S. 59 35 W.|.293 |N. 764 W.|.13
I Sept. 1363) 555) 5821272) 1973/2482 918| 855) ...|S. 31 46 W.|.263 |S. 11 W.).05
os Oct. 621| 5231 540/1251| 2069/2862) 1284) 850] ...|S. 31 59 W.|.40 |S. 27 W.|.18
st Nov. 944) 719) 1013/1593! 1359/2684] 883) 805) ...|S. 16 34 W. 244 |S. 463 E. |.10
~ Dec. 607| 544| 1044/1347| 16242756) 1017/1061l ...|S. 25 37 W.).31 |S. 23 W.|.10
= Spring 1038) 886 1069/1086] 1530|/2285| 1150) 955) .../S. 31 47 W.|.183|S. 574 W.|.04
Summer |1132| 765] 593) 963| 1312/2310) 1365/1559) ...|S. 69 36 W. 24 |N. 454 W.|.133
Autumn | 976| 599] 7121372) 1800|2676| 1028] 837| ...|S. 27 45 W. -30 |S. 63 W.|.09
Winter | 714) 860) 11821453] 1356/2506) 1030) 898) ...|S. 15 39 W. 2211/5. 60 E. |.08
The year| 965| 777| 8891219) 1500/2444 1144/1062) .../S. 35 55 W.|.223|) ...... oe
Jan. 1832/1401] 812) 458] 1584/2107} 916) 890| ...JN.86 35 W.|.09 |N. 93K. 143
=, Feb. 1111)1153) 563) 830) 2082/2503) 1083 675) ...|S. 33 49 W.|.243 |S. 19 W.|.07
a March 1312/1432] 1192 884) 1673/2008 669| 830| ...|S. 10 48 E. |.08 |N. 643 H. |.14
es April 1046|1547| 1767 1090 957/2076 530| 987) .../S. 69 04 E. |.10 |N, 633 E. 23
° May 1362/1009] 1009 1085) 1412/2345 694)1084) ...|S. 32 18 W.|.12 |N.51 E. |.063
= June 1170) 336] 593° 945) 1635/2965) 10901266) ...|S. 50 56 W. -33 |S. 645 W.).16
S July 1292) 646] 529 720] 2467/2540 734/1072| ...|S. 37 10 W.|-294 |S. 33 W.|.113
q August 1134) 467) 573 1040 2013/2080 973|1720) ...|S. 52 43 W. 25418. 81 W.|-09
a Sept. 1345) 697) 12641151} 1864/1832 7941053! .../S. 10 43 W.|.14 |N. 2 E. |.09
< Oct. 1170} 593] 41911156] 1590/2977) 1026/1069) .../S. 45 50 W.|.31 |S. 48 W. 13
a Noy. 1432) 844) 192 831] 2264/2404] 1151) 882) ...|S. 47 51 W.|.283 |S. 62 W.|-l1
@ Dec. 1486|1191) 482 602) 2731/1888 683) 937| ...|S. 31 48 W.|-174|S. 654 E. |.02
m Spring |1240)1329 1323 1020) 1347/2143 631| 967) ...|S. 11 52 E. |.07$|N. 634 FE. |.143
Bs Summer |1199| 483) 565! 902) 2038 2528 9321353) ...|S. 47 21 W.|.29 jS. 60 W.|-113
Ss Autumn |1316| 711) 625 1046) 1906 2404) 9901001) ...|S. 40 05 W.|.24 |S. 43 W.}.06
/Winter |1476|1248} 619 630) 2132/2166 g94| 834) ...|S. 42 40 W.|.16 |N.102 E. |.023
The year|1308) 943) 783, 899 1856/2310 862/1039| .../S. 39 00 W.|.18 | ...... a
Zcyco% ( Spring {15.0 LDP) coo |] ecotco. |) exo. || noone ..|N.88 12 E. |.08 |N. 532 E. |.235
. mo 2 > | Summer | -- ee 1280.3 1967.7 |S. 56 57 W.|.39 |S. 71 W.|-22$
Se. 2% Antumn tao 743.8 1108.4 1S. 56 8 W.|.22 |S. 80 W.|-073
a3 S's | Winter 930.1 1079.0 onss08 ...|S. 40 46 B. |.24 |S. 81 E. |.27¢
mat-n |The year nee 3088.3 1676.8 collSiy SiS) Gi) Wyaliedltss jj pases 300
is bors |Spring coo. |} co cea |) ced |) cease cco |) poacee ..(S. 17 7 E. |.07 |N. 592 BE. |.15
Fas ‘Summer | «. | + con || cos | conse 60 ‘|| Booce> ...|S. 48 19 W.|.30 |S. 60 W.|].125
a OeS {Autumn | ... | « bop |pndes | ccadde é60 ||) coon ...|S. 41 14 W.|.233|S. 54 W.|.063
aa g |Winter | -. | + eco. |} G03. || ecoces cca || ceasac |S. 85 37 W.|.15 |N. 3 E. |-05
PS ithe year] .. |---| se | cee | cee wa REie ...\S. 37 58 W.|-18 | ..... oct
th = (Spring 23} 44) 36) 27 22) 39 21) 19) 44'S. 87 9D. |.09 |N. 683 E. |.215
_S ||Summer}| 23) 19 22) 15 21| 78 49} 14) 35/S. 59 23 W.|.28 |S. 65 W.|.14
as Autumn | 22) 24) 17) 15 50| 54 44| 33) 14/8. 59 0 W.|.26 |S. 654 W.|.12
E Winter 16 43 24| 21 33] 76 99) 14) 21|S. 19 48 W.|.18 |S. 32 E. |.10
n The year| 84/130) 99) 78) 126) 247) 136 80/114|S, 53 58 W.j.19 | .....- co
3 Spring 17| 32 25| 27 V7) 51 60| 11) 36S. 56 19 W.|.16 \N. 124 W.|.05
Fee Scanner etc 23 aes 8 eee) eailin) 48) AL UGS 2p 28he DL Ne 17
8S Autumn | 25} 14) 10) 41 42) 55 44, 37) 3/S. 50 57 W.|.29 |S. 67 W. oll?
cn Winter 20| 20 15) 45 24, 69 37| 31) 9/S. 43 55 W.|.25 |S. 53 W.|.07
a The year| 75| 99 88| 171 95| 212) 189) 100 64/S. 41 15 W.}.18
Pca) Spo) || eas cco'|| cea i|fiieco |) craece Herve icessete |S. 39 0 W.|.09 |N.52 E. |.10
ae IStaummer | sco | coe | cee | cee | ceeeee | cee | severe ..|S. 58 15 W.|.214 |N.68 W.|.05
TSE Atatumn | 0. |---| cee [ieee |) cee eee ee .../S. 45 30 W.|.26 |S. 44 W.|.08
55 Winter |... | cee | cee | oven | cones | ace | cere ... |S. 35 30 W.}.18$ |S. 45 E. |.03}
wm | |The year| ... | oe. | vee | cee | ceeeee [cee | octets ...|S. 52 30 W.|.19
1 Transcribed (except the three right hand columns) from Wesselowski, who quotes, etc.,as at Aland Islands, {
No. 37.

nutes, or 72 times per day, were published only as
atios of the resultants, being here computed from
[plotting.
and Hogland Lighthouse, by

106

(Nos. 38 to 59.)

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

January
February
f

55. Virdois.!

March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

l| The year

56. Lankas.!

57. Kalaioki.!

58. Uleaborg.

)1544) 728)1249 1091)2478/1671 728) 511
|1254'1091|1274/1325/2935|1173| 530) 418
{1400/1116 1257)1653/2282)1116 466) 710

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Finland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

E. or be
tween N. & E.
tween S. & E.
S. W. or be-
tweenS. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

variable.

1258| 881 1069/2044 /2358 B03| 975
1153| 214) 536)2118/2386|1716|1019| 858
1467| 406) 316/2325|2754 1084] $35
1651| 711/1491|1583/2867| 252/1032) 413
3046] 432/1244/1523/1878] 482/1116] 279
2849] 741/1054| 883/2194] 570/1225) 484
1651] 572) 825|1492 2413] 8577/1492] 998
2243) '748/1215|1090,1900} 841/1091| 872
1724] 424) 875)1990/2096| 292/1406|1193
1479] 251| 501/1328 2807] 676|1830/1128
1553] 116] 558/1869'2937/1068)] 583] 316
1134) 309) 876/2294'2934|1134)1005) 284
2055) 516 1017|1810/2500| 516/1077| 509
2248] 687 1031/1155|2169! 756|1269| 685
1585| 597) 645|1729/2613| 6791273] 879
1182] 468) 827/2152/2569/1254| 842] 706
1767] 567| 880)1712.2463] 891/1115| 695
1723] 954) 738) 940!1415/2200| 815/1215
1280| 744) 917/1132 2215/2249| 536] 917
1252) 594) 595)1127/2598/2144| 657|1033
1731|1410/1087|1146|1601/1057| 911)1057
1844/1009 929 1009/15'75/1198| 807|1629
1940/1642! 763) 547/1393/1227| 7131775
1437/2278 1422| 749]1392/1162) 489|1071
1444/1025 594'1093|1201|1728) 8102105
1057| 709 793/1127/2156|2336| 862) 960
927| 645) 605'1290/2446) 2406] 659/1022
1570] g06| 523/1669|1782/1938| 538/1174
1038| 889) 755/1456|1833/2143] 916| 970
1609/1004) 870)1094|1925|1466| 792)1240
1607/1648), 926! 796|1329|1372) 671/1650
1185| 720) 640/1362|2128/2227] 686/1052
1347; §62| 803/1179/1821|2197] 756/1034
1437, 1059| 810/1108|1800|1815| 726/1244
1545 1021| 874/1358|3360|1129| 484] 229
1347) 454/1431| 859|/3687|1296| 741) 185
1705) 461/1336] 830/3210/1367| 722] 369
9389 1347/1222) 931/1722/1458| 653] 278
27021344| 833] 551/1357|1694| 941] 578
2958 1236 1042) 527/1389|1097| 903] 848
2836 1116|1989) 685/1291| 860| 726) 497) -.-
2621 8601156] 470/2097/1089/1183] 524] -..
1549) 17/1056) 887|2859/1916| 578] 338
901.1142) 901/1089'3656|1411| 430] 470
1267 1031|1420/1184)/3273'1114| 335] 376
1078) 633/1456/1132/3801|1159| 418] 323
2265 1051/1130] 771/2096/1506| 772] 408
2805'1071/1396| 561/1592)1015| 937] 623
1239) 997|1126)1053/3263/1480| 448] 395
1323! 703 1254/1116/3616/1195| 548] 246
1908] 955)1226| 872/2642/1299| 676] 418
1284/1157/1450/1819/2004]1070| 720) 496
1110/1006)1355|2413/1794|1290| 593) 439
1468) 825/1318]/1398|2324|1036| 745| 886
1611/1185) 1052/1202/2012)1068| 910) 960
1626| §59/1357| 844/1043/1273/1840 1158
1410) 9241094} 600/1175|1475|2050/1272
1300/1309|1464) 918/1382/1345|1391| s91
1539) 748|1139/1017/1731|1539|1322, 965
1374| 637| 862/1104)/2531/1885| 871| 736

1568, 956)1242)1148)1793]1126)1165 1001
1416) 994/1232) 845/1429/1453/1588 1043
1391) 819 1128 1173 2648 1576) 710, 555
1265/1093/1354/1962/2027|1159| 593 548

ANNANDDMNMAAnnnMM Mins

1410) 965|1239 1282/1974|1329|1014| 787| ... |

Direction of
Resultant.

S. 34°41/E.

ela

0
43
75
25
11
59

8
47
24
10
32

RN

RR An A Aw

.

nn nn oe on

PRADA RRRAAAAA

.

RRAAzzAzmZnnnD

PTR

76
8
8. 43
8. 15

82.

36 W.|.3%
03 W.}.
09 E. |.
25 E. |.
10 E. |.
34 W.).

215.

30 E. |.
20 W.|.
20 E. |.

RORSouhaoaorponeshak

NPOWRSUIWNOWNAWNOWPAN
Beh ER eaegh Se egP PSPS Pees eae eee essads :

or

NNER YPNUBORNAWHoOWwa
ASANDSHOaGKRONWADNS

228
25
12. |

Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

o
Oo
2
3
aI

67° E. |.093
504 E. |.18
21 W.l.
804 E. |.
. 53 W.|.
. 313 Wi].

PARKA RANM AANA RBANnnAADAA nnn

wn aw

PAARL ROAAAAAN Nh NAAN AMAnM AA

s.

' Transcribed (except the three right hand columns) from Wesselowski, who quotes as at Aland Islands, No. 37.

Number of days.

SERIES B. ZONE 6. LAT. 60° TO 65° N. 107

(Nos. 38 to 59.) Finland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences,

Direction of

Place of ‘Time of the
Resultant.

observation. year, Direction.

tween 8S. & E.
to sum of winds.

variable,
Ratio of Resultant

S. E. or be- »

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Number of days.

Calm or

[—— =
January | 602) 731) 989)/2237/2366)1226|1376) 473) ... |S. 8°38’ E.
February | 638) 378 402/2151/3026) 946/12061253| ... |S. 16 51
March 581| 667] 602/1957|2817)1441)1032) 903) ... 3 45
April 1067) 444 1178)1089/2933) 933|1689) 667 - 12 33
May 1223) 7941309] 687\1287) 923/2575/1202 -83 03
June 956) 3331000) 733/2022)1156)/2778|1022 . 60 37
July 591 269) 941)1156)1909 1183)2500/1451 53 58
August 645) 538) 932) 574/3082/1111/2330| 788 36 00
September] 711) 578 1222) 6893044 1178) 2022) 556 23 06
October 599 1030, 936) 730/3184 1124/1592 805 18
November | 305) 933 1162/1056/2751 1467/1219 1067
December | 215, 323 882)1247/2365 2108)1556/1204
Spring 957| 635 1030)1244|2346 1099/1765| 924
Summer | 731) 380) 958) 821/2338 1150/25361087
Autumn | 538 8471107) 828 3003 1256/1611) 809
Wiuter 485) 477| '758)1878|2586 1427 1413) 977
The year ae | 963)1193 ee pee peel 949

°
|
a

3

=
3

Ay

os
c=
S
a
a
=
5

4

:
for)
ay

RUAARNARR AZADA

ATTA ta th th th th th th tA chr
S444 455888844445

(Nos. 60 to 64 ().)* Northern Russia.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Archaegel, for a period of 185 years, from about the 18th of June, 1813, to the end of 1831.
_ Beresov, 3 years, 1870 to 1872, by Soldatkow and N. Koschewnikow.

Kem, by Kosloff during the years 1866, 1867, 1868 and 1871.

Petrozavodsk, during the years 1840, 1841, 1844 and 1845, and published in the Siberian Times,
whence they were copied, and the computations made by Wesselowski.

Ustsysolsk, District of Wologda, 8 years, 1855 to 1862, by Dr. Drschewezki.

Yarensk,by Petropopow, for 11 years, 1836 to 1848.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of
Resultant.

observation. the year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

tween 8S, & E.

variable.
Ratio of Resultant

N. E. or be-
tween N, & E,

S. E. or be-

N. W. or be
tween N. & W.
Oalm or
Number of days,

S
o
-
is
es
bo

60.
Petroza- The year |896 «. |S. 7° 44/ W.).
vodsk

January 3
February | 11
March 5
April 20
May 8
June 10
July 23
August
September
October
November
December
Spring 33
Summer | 37
Autumn 21
Winter 22

61.
Kem,1866

ROONORDOOODR O00

59 E. |.064
16 E. |.24
13 W.!.35

f ' 30 W.'.254
The year {113 c 16 W. .074

_
is)

108

(Nos. 60 to 64 (b)

Time of the
year.

Place of
observation.

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

61(a). Kem,
years, 1866-68 and 1871.

Cae

White Sea |

2 September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

January
February
March
April.
May
June
July
August

Old style

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August

63. Archangel.!

—
lay
aS
a
EB
Do
a

September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

.| The year

Coffin’s res’lt} The year

-)

WINDS OF THE

GLOBE.

Northern Russia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

17
44
23
52
59
38
45
45
70
17
31
49
134
128
118
110

490

146

214)

217
195
135
178
115

59

68

148

182
117
60)

127
508

757)

tween N. & E.

| N. E. or be-

48
40
82
108
| 148

468
473

tween S. & PF.

60
48
4/210
106 |149
79 |255
74 |197
333 |811

| 107) 192) 114
109} 201| 139
87, 160, 166
| 146) 139
152) 121
138] 129
159) 181
128 118
114 116
100| 119
104) 164
106) 161
| 128] 140
142| 143
| 106) 133)
107) 185)
121| 150
/1219/2063 1279
1078/1770,1391

1036| 498) 99515341350
1784/1020 15681277, 682
2158/1115
1950 1655
1996/1048
1783/1111
1397| 620

989

520

1551/1280) 621
1672/1192) 562
1225/1627) 791
1427/1273) 995
971/1153 1226
1143}1503 1503

697) 4741016/13071191

521

1659)

878

19101271

1028
595
1298

| 538
| 465
788

2350/1426

454|1095|1636 1168

1371/1364, 884
(14411364, 783
1043 1321/1307
1131 18231279
1247 1468 1063
abs a7e0 se

or be-
tween S. & W.
WN. W. or be-

Ss. W.

He bo
OO

1
RIES

66
81
|147
107
185 5 | 86
212 113
631 326

ops
me oO

eo
Oo

240) 202)

199

169

05| 134

92

67

66

| 213]

141

198

212

239

132

| 115

| 184

213

161

224811700

1763 1945

1411/1656|1520

928 1054 1689

469) 8521954

541| 6231805

|1014) 791 1508

1163, 995|1253

1832\1872| 929

18821856) 604

2336 2491) 488

2096/2616) 414

9351187 1721

906) 803 1522

2017/2073) 674

2036 2087) 584

1473)1538/1125

2757 aes
|

tween N. & W.

variable.

Calm or

bo ww
ww to #8

ad
CoOWwWW

17
25
25
93
49
| 52
119
313

1784

DAAAABmAN A

Direction of
Resultant.

A BBO REY AN Se!
. 79 52 E. |
. 39 56 W.|
DO 28) WV
- 85 03 W.

23° 53/ W.!
17 20
36 05
37
28
12
00
02
12
45
33
06
05

DMA AA AANA Am

Po oe oh tA
i
~I

4444haddagerrrEgddddghadddaanenaas

Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.

-08
14
28
29
14

324 |
30
25 |
063,
24

s
s
s
N.
N.
N.
N.
N.
N.
S.
S.
s.
N.
N.
s
iS

Monsoon
influences,

Direction.

HOY AGE

54 W.|.224

22 W.|.
PA ib |S
PAL Toh |e
254 E. |.
48 E. |.
13 W.|.
11 W.|.
514 W.|.
21 Ww.

Number of days.

Computed from observations made by the French Commission for 10 days in the summer of
1840, as follows :—
N.E. 5, E.N.E. 4, S.E. 1, 8.S.E. 4, South 7, S.W. 1, W.N.W. 1, N.N.W. 1; calm or variable, 9.
Direction of resultant, S. 51° 37/ E.
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, 28.
53
58|
85|

558
508

' The work of Wesselowski contains two series of results for this place, from substantially the same data.
The observations for the first, which were recorded in old style for a period of 18 years from 1814 to 1831, inclu-
sive, he quotes from the Memoirs of the Imperial Academy of Science of St. Petersburgh. The second is com-
puted from the same series, changed into new style, with the observations for the latter half of 1813 added. As
the results of the two series differ somewhat, both are here given; and also another line is added giving the

results for the entire latter period, computed by the author from the original observations, and published in his |

former work on the Winds of the Northern Hemisphere.

—

SERIES B. ZONE 6. LAT. 60° TO 65° N. 109

(Nos. 60 to 64 (6).) Northern Russia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THB Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Time of the
year!

Direction of

Resultant, Direction.

. E. or be-
to sum of winds.

|
| tween N. & E.
|

Place of observation.
variable.

Ratio of Resultant

Calm or
| Number of days.

| tween N. & W.

64.
rensk.!

The year j j 2 8. 72° 29/ W.| .

=

1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862 4
Mean 5 100.25
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

MAAN
RPoosS

oO
pat

forest
ar

64(a). Ustsysolsk. Yar

AU i to a A

a
uw

NoOFONRFORWWOAMUNHOS

BH oS
WIHOWTOMOTWPONNNT SS

=

64(b). Beresov.

to
AON WAIONND WE WOOF oD

- 70 4 W.| .12
- 18 22 W.| .27
- 70 0 W.} .31
- 57 23 W.! .27

57 O W.! .21

eed

e
SHPoORNOHP ON UNPATRNRH SO

OPPRPTWAWORFOCWNNWWHRHO

iv)
co
iv)
i

! Transcribed from Wesselowski. See No. 37. 2 Computed by plotting.

(Nos. 65 to 71.) Siberia.
Observed at the following places, viz. :— ,

Amginsk, by Waldemar von Middendorf from May 21st to 30th, 1845, and from March 20th to
April 3d, 1846.

Anadyr River (mouth of), by Dr. George Kennan in the years 1866 and 1867.

Bache Aktolik, by Waldemar von Middendorf from April 13th to August 12th, 1844.

Ghijiga, by Dr. George Kennan in the years 1865, 1866 and 1867.

Penjinsk Gulf, by Dr. George Kennan as at Ghijiga.

Yacouisk, during the years 1830 to 1844 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of
Resultant.

Place of Time of the

observation. year. Direction,

to sum of winds.

tween N. & E,

tween 8S. & E.

tween S. & W.

tweenN.& W.
variable.

Ratio of Resultant

Number of days.

S. W. or be-.
N. W. or be-

o
2
be
)
(i

Calm or

t S) BE. or be-

co
i
ive)

8. 86° 15’ W.|.
8. 69 51 W.).

oo
(=)

65, 66. eee
Bache ee 8
Aktolik. ees:

67. Spri

Amginsk. { pring

co ony
(=)
ot
ao

to
H
=
~I

N.81 32 E.

110 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

( Nos. 65 to 71.) Siberia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Directi on.

Direction of
Resultant,

Place of Time of
observation. | the year.

to sum of winds.

tween N.& BE,

tween S. & E.

tween N.& W.
variable,

Ratio of Resultant

Number of days.

N. E. or be-
N. W. or be-
Calm or

a
+
=]
i=}
n

|

January |64 487| 168| 1841158) | 487 805) ve | Ne OS 251 Weel: North |.34}| 465
February )1| 655) 397) 357)1786 1052) 714) ... |N. 8

cS
to
-

March ~ |; 541| 382) 223/2420 (1640/1067
April 288| 677| 528] 4'74/1678| 352)1799|1204
May 2593] 692/1308| 582/1659| 440/1736| 989
June 590/2296| 8661920 /1706| 803
| July $91) 616)1739| 845)2415) 423/1582) 688

68 August 757/2085) 571)1554 1700} 890
Yy. , k.l September 623)1515| 5381658 1757| 920
acoutsk.'| | October |3123| 430) 688| 458|1633| 444/2135/1039
November |5986| 593| 454| 192) 942) 873| 663
December 580| 290] 137|1038) 840| 641
Spring 637| 739| 426/1919| 1725/1087
Summer 59} 654/2040|) 7611963 311663] 794
Autumn 549| 886) 3961411) 370 1588) 891
Winter 5851) 574) 285) 226)1327) 793) 720
The year |3662) 603| 988| 452\1655, 1442| 873

is
ford
a

450
465
450
465
465
450
465
450
465
1380
1380
1365
1354
5479

AAAAZAZAAAAPM AAD
aa shes adahhPaass

Dr. Kennan who, as Quartermaster and Secretary of the Russian Division of the Expe-
dition for constructing the Russo-American Overland Telegraph, sailed from San
Francisco July 3d, 1865, and was traversing the region between Okotsk and Behring
Strait most of the time till September 28th, 1867, writes as follows: “At both Ghijiga,
69. Ghijiga. the head of the Penjinsk Gulf, and the mouth of the Anadyr River, the wind blows in
70. Penjinsk Gulf. winter with almost the regularity of the ‘trades’; in the two former places from N. E.
71. Anadyr River. to S. W., and in the latter from N. and N. W. to 8. and §.E. At Ghijiga, between
October Ist and March 1st, the wind blows at least six days out of eight from the N.E.,
and northerly and northeasterly winds prevail throughout the winter on the whole
coast. In summer the regularity is not so marked, but the prevailing winds are from
the south.”2

1 With the exception of the last four columns, this table is transcribed from the work of Wesselowski, in
which no account is taken of calms. If we assume their relative number for the several months to have been
the same as in the year September, 1837, to August, 1838, inclusive, given in the author’s former work, the
numbers in the thirteenth column will be modified so as to read as follows, viz., January 55, February 32,
March 193, April 26, May 15, June 083, July 073, August 11, September 10 5, October 25, November 54 3, Decem-
ber 56, Spring 20, Summer 054, Autumn 29, Winter 473, the year 24.

2 Dr. Kennan ascribes the monsoon character of the winds ‘‘to the influence of the Okotsk Sea, whose open
waters are warmer than the land in the winter, and colder in the summer.”” He remarks that ‘“‘ the best point
probably for observation of the wind is Anadyrsk (lat. 65° 30’, long. 166° 45’) as it is less influenced there
by local peculiarities, such as the trend of the sea-coast, and the position of mountains and water, than it is in
any other of the Siberian settlements with which I (he) am acquainted.” It is much to be regretted that the
series of observations made there by a member of the party, for several months, appears to be lost.

ZONE No. 7%

LATITUDE 55° To 60° NortH.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
188 different places on land for an aggregate period of over 1082 years, and for
5218 days, or over 14 years, at sea, distributed as follows :—

Where observed. No. of stations. Aggregate length of time.
Pacific Ocean 5 : : : . - ; Seas 4787 days, over 13 years.
America , Z ; ‘ . - 5 2 10 Nearly 33 years.
Atlantic Ocean . : . : : : ‘ hae 431 days, over 1 year.
British Isles , 5 : 4 : : j 103 Over 400 years.
Norway, Sweden and Denmark . : ‘ : 34 Over 310 years.
European Russia . : : ; ; : . 30 Over 257 years.
Siberia ; ; : j : ; ; ; 12 Over 83 years.

SERIES B. ZONE 7%. LAT. 55° TO 60° N. 111

(Nos. 1 to 9.) Pacific Ocean. Longitude 170° H.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 13 years, collected and classified from the logs
of numerous sailing vessels, chiefly at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DirveReENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of 4 ;| Direction of
observa- the year. 4 S : Resultant.

variable
to sum of winds.

Calm or
Ratio of Resultant

Number of days,

Summer! | |S. 40°45/ E.

ies)
ie)
—
cs

Autumn? \N.58 44 E.

(sx)
bt

Summer 3] 1 S.81 13 W.|.

in)
aI

Spring | 43) -50 5 W.| .<
Summer 5 | 76/8. 63 57 W.| .2s

too
60 Oo

Spring | 30/8.27 9 E.
Summer .41 43 W.).

bo ke
wc

Autumn .43 27 W.|.

oO
Py

Summer - | moO) 2 Weill

, Spring Z 51S. 35 57 W.) .

Summer 2 j 8.73 9 W.!.

1 Observed by Rogers in 1855. 2 Observed by Beechy in 1826 and 1827.
(No. 9(a).) Island of St. Paul, Alaska. See Addendum, at the end of Zone 36.
(Nos. 10 to 12.) Southern Alaska.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Fort Kodiak, by U.S. Army Surgeons, during the last nine months of the year 1869.

Fort Wrangel, by U.S. Army Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 13 months in the years 1868
and 1869.

New Archangel, on the island of Sitka, by Benjamin and Cigneus, 10 years, from the year 1833 to
1842, inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place of Time of

Direction of
observation. the year.

Resultant. Direction.

tween N. & E.

tween 8, & E,

tween S. & W.

tween N. & W.
variable.

Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds,

. 84° 42/ B. | .27 |S, 834°R, | .21
.384 21 E,| 194 |N. 243 EF. | .12
. 2 51 E.|.02 |S. 644 W.| .063
. 86 29 W.|.143 |S. 74 W.| .21
.50 14 E.

Summer
Autumn
| December |
The year! | ...

|

10. Fort
Kodiak.

(| Spring

eS | North,

|
' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

112 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 10 to 12.) Southern Alaska.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences

Direction of

; i th
Place of Time of the Resultant.

observation, year. Direction,

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
Ss. E. or be-
tween 8S. & BE,
S. W. or be-
tween 8S. & W.
tween N. & W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.

+
wm
Cs

<3)

- 82° 32/ H. |.
00
20

c| January [1433 1737/2682 1520/1031) 608) 478

February | 984 1767/2088 1696/1376| 854| 474

March 781|1204/ 2291) 1288|1172|1246| 887

April 559 1130/1398) 1622/1074|1588|1107

May 690] 670.1201 1090/1050|20221331

June 521| 421) 898) 721]1042)/2483/1918|1996

July 546| 293) 772, 652|1'758/2637|1771/1571

August 410| 542) 992 1124/1243/2447|1508|1733

September| 465) 465 1396 1396)2100)1599)1384/1194

October 485] 806/3110/1364|1394|1539| 744| 558

11. Sitka.' November | 623) 818/3197/2390|1021| 950) 715| 286

December |1292/1360/2573)/1955| 629) 764) 595) 832

Spring 677|1001 1630 1333/1099|1619/1108/1531

Summer | 492) 419) 887) 832)1348|2522/1732)1767

Autumn 524! 696 2568'1717|1505/1363) 948) 679

Winter /1236)1621 2448)1724)1012) 742| 516) 700

The year | 732| 934'1883/1401/1241|1562)1076) 1169

8 A.M. 809|1164,2328 1614|1136|1211| 832) 903

Noon 23] §67|1796)1311|1237|1640| 1233/1291
if

3 P.M. 859/1681 1240|1260)1770/1236)1362
9 P.M. j 912/1965 1567/1266)1456) 850) 983

Spring >A al a a a J
Summer 3 | 11 | 24 | 13 | 45
Wavy {| Autumn | 3: 65 | 0| 4] 40

Tanger: Winter j ; Mi Oi) Wi) 8
DUE SEES | ass |) cep Hl ceo || cos cos. | a0

al
Zzun AznnA wmmne

RANnH WANNNAnNMAMMIN nm A
Hpbibih Pope doe dad abhi

' Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the four right hand columns.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
3 Land and sea breezes.

(Nos. 13 to 16.) Hudson’s Bay Territory.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Fort Chipewayan, on Lake Athabaska, by Capt. Lefroy, from October till June of the succeeding
year (dates not preserved).
Fort Prince of Wales, by Wales, in the years 1768 and 1769.
Norway House, by Donald Ross, from 1841 to 1847, inclusive, and communicated to the author.
York Factory, during the years 1843 to 1848, inclusive. |

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place of Time of

) Direction of
observation, the year.

Resultant. Direction.

tween N.& E. |
E. or be-
tween S, & E. |
tweenS.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.&W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Ss

4|N. 6°25/W.|.
7 |N.23 34 &.

| Spring
13. Fort | | June ‘ 8
Chipe- Oct. & Nov. 30 | 3 | 42 | 36 |537 | N. 69 37 E.

os:
H+ bo te
n=

wayan. Winter N. 6 41 E.
The yearly lhe cad| 2acni\), oe |liessi|eneesys| ereeen| econ eee meee (ON oad 4m es

o

_
H
J

XG .
So

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

’

SERIES B. ZONE 7. LAT. 55° TO 60° N. 113

(Nos. 13 to 16.) Hudson’s Bay Territory.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE : Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place of

3 i Direction of
observation.

Resultant, Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of Resultant.

East.

tween S. & E,
S. W. or be-
tweenS. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Number of days.

| West.

bo

January

ae February
March
April
May
June
July
August
Sept’mber
October

N. 69°17’ W.}.
N. 5 27
N. 1 19
N. 29 07
37
43

PH
€O 6O 00 BP bw WG SO

November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
Total 428

Pe
OoNnwkh PR OMDAISeS A oAT

ale
House.

bee
Sais

AAMANAAnnMMNDIA AA

iB GO
ob

Hee eee
OTP OH

ah addaddasehavadderrees

15. Fort
Prince of
Wales.

oa
A AAA A lll tT

=I
ou
Ve)
a

The year |169

(| January
(illreernary
March 1
April
May
June
July
August
16. York ;
Factory. | | Sptember
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

PWR De bh BO

ROR WWWIRDORAS
CMDAAIWhRWE PPO
BWDP ORFOrRrE DD

bo
co 0 WO
He
a
a

AWRTNRPRPRENAAAGENE Ee
ADMDOEARWWNhGRN WED bh
Bo 09 09 GO CO ee
DORE WRWRHORPCOCHNrH ot

>
X
Wworocnbc

w
oo
em

bo
Rr co CO bo bo Or

ORPHH
HO OOF

i
Abo

(Nos. 17 and 18.) Northern Labrador.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Little Whale River, on the shore of Hudson’s Bay, by Walter Dickson, for 13 months, in the
years 1861 and 1862.
Nain, by Moravian Missionaries, from August, 1842, to June, 1843, inclusive.

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
Resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. | the year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of Resultant

tween N. & E,

| tween §, & E.
S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
tween N.&
Number of days.

N.E. or be-
Calm or

~I
lor wor)

5 |N. 58 30 W.!.
7 |S. 44 30 E.
19 |S. 14 54 W.! .:
ne ee |l aes Waco Ih coo [eee Ih coo Wcce | coe Mtoe Mos (PSE AD dee

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Spring
17. Little | | Summer
Whale Autumn
River | Winter

3
=
32 10 |S. 64° 34’ E. | .10 | N.48° EB. |.115
25
10
64

on
ws

15 August, 1874.

114 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 17 and 18.) Northern Labrador.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE _Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, iniluences,

Direction of

i t
Place of __|,Time of the Resultant.

observation, year,

or be-
tween N.& W.

Direction.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
Fast.
‘s. E. or be-
tween 8. & E.
| South.
S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
N. W.
Calm or
variable,
Ratio of Resultant
to sum of winds,
Number of days.

N.28°43/ W |.2
. 813 W. |.
. 373 E.
. 23 W. |.22
East
. 144 EB.
- 464 W. |.
SO WE Ne
. 293 W. |.
5i W. |.

30! W.!.7

=)

January
February
March

| April

form |
- oo

May

June

| August

| September
18. Nain { | October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

bo po

H
TRTAAAOhROS

HPORCrHOSCH

HoH
oon
on

bo vo
ONDORNWNHWHOMDOH
bo

bey
w

; cowooscvoocowoooce

: oworprorwmwoocorRooce
PORN OCOWNWHHRORS
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
aaa sansa harhaas

et
_ oO
> wee

(Nos. 19 and 20.) Atlantic Ocean. Longitude 5° to 65° West.

Computed from observations made by John Ross, for 33 days, in the year 1818; by Parry, for 38
days, in 1820 to 1825; by Kane, for 7 days, in 1850; by Snow, for 36 days in the same year; by
the Irench Commission, for 14 days, in 1838 to 1840; and by McClintock, for 9 days, in 1859 ;
together with observations collected and classified, from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the
United States Naval Observatory under the direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent. for
228 days.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Monsoon
influences,

7

Direction of
Resultant.

Place of Time of

observation, | the year. Direction.

tosum of winds.

| West.
Ratio of Resultant

Number of days.

| N.N.W
7 | Calm or var.

a
Zz
0

. 51° 30/ W.| .12
63 45 W.).
- 70 21 W.

Spring |
Summer |36) 3):
Autumn |36| 2

hoe
Won
=

ie}

Pannh Ais

Naan

Spring | 0] 6 51s | 6/12/24
Summer ]12 18/22) 6/24) /18)/64,74
Autumn }11)33 21s \48)19 51/70)
Winter t 0/36 12/30/12
The y’r! co|laccHtonalloca oy

67 43 W.|.
hy PE Molh 4
34 8 W.| .32
62 59 W.).
61 23 W.| .4

a 0
i}
eran
ar ep

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 21 to 25.) Northern Ireland.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Buncrana, by an officer of the Coast-guard in the year 1851.
Londonderry, during the year 1800.
Portrush, at the Coast-guard station, in the year 1851.

Slieve Snaght, by Lieuts. J. E. Portlock and T, A. Larcom, of the Ordnance Survey, for 23 days
in the autumn of the year 1827.

SHI IGIOTS 16 YAO IND ie WANE, IS UNO GOO Ife 115

(Nos. 21 to 25.) Northern Ireland—Continued,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

Monsoon
DIFFERENT PoINnTs OF THE COMPASS.

influences.

Place of
observation.

Time of

Direction of
the year,

Resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of Resultant

N.

tween N. & W.
Calm or
Number of days.

Ss.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
W. or be
tween 8.& W.

East.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Summer
Winter
The year

S. 46° 23/ W.
. 80 08 W.|.
- 53 56 W.|.55

3 20 W.|.z
88 31 W.].<
87 26 W.!.
59 W.|.
69 Wi. 22

3. 57° E.

Sh
On

aac
derry.

i
to

an
TON TWH OD
aenuscroaopN

ry
i=
@ <

Ss)

mee

ie |
om
|

wre
He b

a
cs

Autumn 30

to
I

Summer 0 24
Winter e 35
The year 30 ce 8
Summer 4} 21 | 44 € 4 | 47
Winter y 60 | 58 26
The year : 92 | 70 160 |103

70

=o
CeWe'-)

aac

RGae
[ee]

37
. 87
28
80

oo 09
eb
opty}

ace aes
f ireland.!

ANI in wn At A

tot
ao

(Nos. 26 to 33.)

Observed at the following places, and reported, for the most part, to the Scottish Meteorological

Society, viz. :—

Place of observation.

1 Nos. 21, 22, 23 and 24, combined.

Western Scotland (west of longitude 4°).

By whom observed.

Aggregate

length of
time.

Ardvoirlich .. eepece
Auchendrane ‘House.
Baillieston . seca
Balloch Castle...
Benbecula.....
Bloomhill...
Cairndow ...
Cardross....
Callton Mor...
Castle Toward..
Corrimony ..
Culloden..
Deanston House..
Drishaig...
Eallabus ....
Girvan....

4 Glasgow...
Greenock ......
Harris and Beukecala
Helensburgh
House of Tongue.
North Unst ........
Obras weestecniess
Otter House...
Paisley
Portree ...
Portsoy ..
Scourie...
Slogarie........
South Cairn...
Stornoway..
Stronvar.
Upper Glencroe..

A. McDougall --....00....0.-ee

Henry Gibb....

John Fleming .
John Brodie....
John Fleming .
J. Russell.......
W. McGregor.....
Arthur Forbes....
D. Hinderson ....
A. Siete on00
R. Ballingal ..

P. Paterson...
Professor Grane
J. Gardner

F. W. J. Thomas..

A. MecKenzie..

D. Brims..
William Clark.
Captain Bedford.
W. Rankine......
T. Stewart....

Je GLAD ese.
John Bisset .

J. Simpson

Thomas R. Bracels

J. Kennedy
John Pullinger..
D. Carnegie....

A. McDougall ..........20000 00

bs!
iz!
wo

HNDEL

oro oo J

i

ta

i

0
3
4
4
3
2
4
AL
2
i
1
3
0
2
4
4
4
0
1
4
1
1
3
4
4
0
4
ey
4
1
4
0

DNWWAWROHWERABDMIWWANWWIAIWODMODONS™

1864.

1864 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.

See “Harris and Benbecula,’’ below-

1864.

1865 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1857 to 1868 inclusive.
1834 and 1835.

1866 to 1868 inclusive.
1857 to 1868 inclusive.
1865 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 and 1864.

1866 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863.

1866 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1866 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1865 inclusive.
1863 to 1867 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1865.

1865 to 1868 inclusive.
1864 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1857 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1864.

116

(Nos. 26 to 33.) Western Scotland (west of long. 4°).—

Time of the
year.

Place of
observation.

ae
1857-1867.

The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

oT.
Latitude
58° to 59°.

28.
Culloden,
185 7-1867.

The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

f
|
|
29.
Latitude
57° to 58°.
ate Mor, The year
1857-1867.
Spring
[ Summer
Autumn
| Winter
The year!

neces
56° to/b7°.

Ge
Toward.

The year

Spring

| Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

mae
‘55° to 56°.

WINDS OF

THE GLOBE.

Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

E. or be-
tween N. & E.

S. E. or be
tween 8S. & E.

N.

tween 8. & W.

S. W. or be-

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

Direction of
Resultant.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of Resultant

Calm or

. 58° 30’ W.|.241

39 W.|.
54

4
39
25

44445 3 425354 :

_Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

N.763°. |.11}

4\N.303 W.|.06
8.14 W.|.03
8.55 W.|.11

(Nos. 34 to 49.)

Observed at the following places, and reported, for the most part, to the Scottish Meteorological

Society, viz. :—

Place of observation.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Eastern Scotland (east of longitude 4° West).

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

AEA GON secscneeseesiecaces

Aberdour ..

Arbroath...

Balfour.....

Ballater....

Banchory.

Banff Castle.

Barry ..

Bedford Hospital...

Bowhill .. 5

Braemar .....

Bronxholm..

Calton Hill, Edinburgh

Cargen .. :

Castle Newe.. a
W Clunie Manse . rans sctesetres

IDA LRGED ess. ccepe.s asec ce
DOM Bis e-ncncrscavinee canes

reg a eee ao ut Be

ae & A. Cruickshank

W. Paterson
Forrest

Prootors, vee
G. McKendrick
Mathieson..
Cameron ...

- Dudgeon ...

. Walker ..

WraulbomsSonincccscssesecccsriees

J.

Westwood ....

|
ns
a

Pe OEROCOCRRORE BPWRE RH

a

Pe SOR OSAGMAS SCIeeMItS

| 1857 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
| 1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1865 to 1868 inclusive.
| 1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1831 and 1832.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1866 and 1867.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
Date not preserved.
Date not preserved.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.

1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.

Number of days.

1833 to 1836 inclusive, and four years whose
date is not preserved.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 34 to 49.)

Place of observation.

Douglass Canton
i al nee
Dumfries .
Dundee
Dunrobin......
East Linton............0+
Edinburgh Castle.......
Elgin...
Eyemouth.......-
Feddinch Mains oO
Fettercairn..
Galashiels.......
Glencairn...
Hawick
Inchkeith..
Inveresk....
a ele
Kettins .. : “6
Kinfaun’s ; Castle. onneco ded

Kirkpatrick-Juxta
Kirkwall Ene) se
Leith ...........
Makerstown..
Marchmont..
Milne- Graden. Reejiet
Montrose (Museum) ..
Montrose Coe) oes
Mowhaugh.......
Muthill..

New Pitsligo..
Nookton .
Normal Sch’, ‘Edinb’gh
North Esk Reservoir...
Orkney Islands! .. <o
Perth.. co.cc
Por tsoy ..
Spada
Smeaton.........
Strobo Castle...
Taymouth
The Glen.......
Thirlestane ...
Thurston
Tornaveen.....
Trinity-Gask ...
Wanlockhead..

VV IKGLS ceieporagecocs Pe
RYESteIesrs/ee-esciecsissicrscse

ZONE

7. L&

T. 55° TO 60°

Eastern Scotland (east of long. 4°).—Continued.

By whom observed.

J. JOHNStONE 2.0. cee cereee cov eee
James McIntosh ...
J. Gilchrist .........
W. R. McKelvie.
J. Mitchell........
J. Storie...
W. Mills....
J. Martin .....
W. J. Reid.....
R. Muirhead...
A. C. Cameron...
R. Somerville ....
Robert-Home..
ING 1G Turnbull:

W. encase. i
James Bisset..
J. Gibb........

G. Burgess 2.0... cesses eer eee ere
J. G. Iverack..
James Bolam..
Observatory ...
Peter Loney....
W. Remwick..
J. Campbell...... ora
J. Howder anid Re Baile Sonn

D. Sturrock.......
W. M. G. Millar.
SME en © Ore yaerterste
J. Garnock...
J. McGlashan..
John Bisset .........
Charles Clouston .
dJo IBIBO ncsnccoaccdoos
J. Anderson....

P. Murray...
W. Finlay....
J. Whitton..
R. Mossman.
A. Scott......
R. Wylie ....
G. Dawson..
W. Burney.. SOs
A. Shearer ....... 22. ses scseseees

Aggregate
length of
time.

3
&

He 4
ROCNMP ADA RAGE

iy

a

BPOUADWAAWDMAAOOWAWADANRPRPNADTIDOAW SHODBDDSDOAMIAGARAHOWWAEROMAIAN

PEWRE BR PRWNWRHEORNOH PANDEY PRORNY BRE DPROFORNH

Date.

1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1865 inclusive.
1865 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1867 inclusive.

1868.

1867 and 1868.

1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1866 to 1868 inclusive.
1865 to 1868 inclusive.
1867 and 1868.

Date not preserved.
1857 to 1868 inclusive.
1865.

1863 to 1868 inclusive.

1867 and 1868.

1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1865 to 1868 inclusive.
1843 to 1846 inclusive.
1867 and 1868.

1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1865 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1866, 1867 and 1868.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1865 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.

1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1865.

1857 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1866 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863.to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1864 and 1865.

1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1863 to 1868 inclusive.
1823.

1863 to 1868 inclusive.

N.

1854, 1855, 1856 and 1868.

117

1835 to 1837 and 1863 to 1868 both inclusive.

1813 to 1817, and 1819 to 1821, both inclu-
sive, 1825, 1828, 1835 and 1836.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT >. Monsoon
Points OF THE COMPASS. ape influences. a
. ow tl
Time of z x : .| 9&| Direction of | “6 °
the year. a} a zs p =e 5 = S| resultant. Sg | Direction. zy
tS ta Ae Ale Ele ele lele ld leel aa Gill
BRIA Ale pal of joi] Bl] A) 8 ELF Bee 25 g | 5
4|2/2 |S| a |al] vi lala |ala [El EP a le | ae | Pek
34. Sandwick.

The year | 26)...| 21|...| 23)...| 78 36)...] 52). | 61 44 | 24| 8. 32°40/ W.).18 | 2.0. 4017

35. Orkney Islands.

{heel é loo

Spring 158} 8|146] 5)148) 9) 333) 1/144) 1210 3) 214) 1/158 4 67) 5. 8 56 E. |.09 |N. 653°. |.11 |1626
Summer 118) 5/107] 0} 89 3) 328 7/132) 4124 6 286/10 274 0 98\S. 68 54 W.}.12 |N.12 W.}.094 |1739
Autumn [108] 5/109] 0} 91) 1] 283] 0/204] 1241) 1| 237) 0/178] 4) 95|S. 32 48 W.]|.19 |S. 31 W.}.04 |1618
Winter 109| 3] 85] 1) 83] 3) 295|10/253| 4301) 5| 270 7/156) 5) 77|/S. 31 29 W.|.28 |S. 28 W.|}.114|1603
The year |493)21/447| 6/411/16|1239)18/733 pages te uae 18/766 Sie S. 33 57 W.|.164 6586

1 Particular place not specified.

118 WINDS®F THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 34 to 49.) Eastern Scotland.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF “
influences.

THE COMPASS.

Direction

Time of the of resultant.

year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

N. N. W.

Calm or

36. Wi

Spring 8}... a nce ee ed Se vee|| Ld} sea - 57° 47! W.?). N.30$° E.).
Summer “0 on <n Bp eral tlt) aco oe cee . 52 50 W.2/.26 | 8.80 W.|.
Autumn = oes | eG] (ese a0 506 “<0 act aes -55 4 W.?|.34 |S. 675 W.|.
Winter Sines ec =O ox ed S ees ce . 24 45 W.?|.

The year | 64| ... op cor eee cept) (4 5 ae aes 49 6 W.?).2¢

37. Banff Castle.

The year | 50

38. Elgin, 1835, 1836

January
February
March
April
May
June

t July

) August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Beer OONATRE

SCrPONRFaVAIMNwWOW
IMT ROOTP AAR MS

ROP ONORWOrFNRWOrF

An AARNDMAAN AAA

AOOWWOoOsSOCoNrFonocoroS
wmpwmoococococooooceonoeo
RPeeTWOORCOrRGANOSCrFS
hth a Ch ch tA A Un Un OO Oi tO tn On Tn

RPobwwowstT

He bo sO

eH
bo
is)
=

39. Latitude

Spring 335 5 22, 234]
Summer 379 | | 18 305
Autumn 189) I | 1 |473] 18/189|
Winter 251 12/190
The year! | ...| ... | .. | «. cea||: cos|} coo ck etic, Ih cea 305) oso] [edad | Seen

40. Kinfaun’s Castle.

The year?

41. Clunie Manse.

The year | 61| ... | 141

42. Inchkeith.

| |
The year te ia | 205) .../739| ...|224) ...

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
2 Computed from the following observations, viz.: N. and N.E. 268, E. and 8.E. 1181, S. and S.W. 1120, W. and N.W. 1815.

—

ae a ee eee

SERIES B. ZONE 7. LAT. 55° TO 60° N. 119

(Nos. 34 to 49.) Eastern Scotland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. *. aonsoony ¥

e4 é

i Ae os]

! Time of the : : iS 5 | Direction of | 2% r)

year. el S| i 5 Eo e eS — |5<) resultant. | < | Direction. A

s <j : = cl ae | ees ! 48 ce S &

Pace al eal ian stbelse || inl en |S) s Weel Veale g2 =| 2

w2\2\/2\|a|Alalalal al al al &] EE] 2 ]e [S> Be | &

43. Latitude 56° to 57°.

Spring 436) ... | 557) ...] 602) ...)414) ... 4g1| ... | 816] ... | $82) ...| 410] ... 573) S. 63°21/W. |.10 | N.66° EB. .093 5224)
Summer (401) ... | 465) ...| 824] .../527) ...! 848] ... |1213) ... 1117) ...] 574) .../936) 5. 43 12 W. |.19 |S.40 E. |.07 | 7031
Autumn (885] ... | 429) ...| 523) .../433) ...] 515] ... {1104| ... |1307] ...]) 594) .../897) S. 65 40 W. |.193| N.284 W.'.01 | 6332
Winter 513] ... | 410) ...| 375] ...{/390| ...| 504) ... |1299] ..../1516! ...| 661) ...|685| S. 77 41 W. |.313| N.844 W.!.13 | 6707

The year! nll eee a sel!) call coal! coalllcas: | cco tt coo) eee || Seca || eball | cool): eos| eeroll tsb Ch Vivo BGP eI eeonees «- |2529

44, Calton Hill (Edinburgh).
The year | 93] ... | 158] ...| 471] .../158} ...] 111] ... | 630] ... | 798 ut ° ay S. 8010 W. }.24 | ...... ... | 3652)
45. Inveresk.
|
} The year ay ceo |) 250) I) coal} AL II cool] ZBI | BA || coe |] UO) cn |) BO) 23 | 0 |S. 4913 W.|.34 |} ...... w- | 401
46. Bronxholm.
The year | aco | coo || boolPIBB Ri) oss | | coo: IP Ged | CoD co | ABIGH cool! cco -| een West OB |) concen «= | 3652
47. Makerstown, number of observations.
| The year 7'79|1318|1668)867| 431|177\329|575| 1088/2672/4212/1949|1998|726) 932/866) ...| S. 6416 W. |.33 | ...... C00 368
48. Makerstown, sums of forces.%
Spring aS. Slo d4 Wr A) ee -. | 368
Summer .| 8S. 54 39 W. |.25 | ...... on 368
Autumn .| S. 45'49 W. |.26 | 2.0. ee 364
Winter cell ose HP ceac|| seed] cco) Il) cool! “eco! Stell 00g MNice5 |] “Gasetl cee || sce sorell ona “lI ecal cba) | Ss 2 Nios eceacen an 361
The year |711| 757| 722,442 217) 84|163 362) 749 1945/3411)1262) 990/693) 689|654) ...|S. 6518 W.|.40 | ~ ...... .- | 1461
| |
49. Latitude 55° to 56°.

Spring 666} .. | 832) ...] 817] ... 761 ...| 712) ... 1398] ... |1525]... | 821) .../172) S. 75 11 W. |.15$| N.56 E. |.13 7704)
Summer [617] ... | 666] ...| 703] ...|705| ...] 962) ... |2055| ... |2441)... |1012) ...|343) S. 69 18 W. |.33 | N.79 E. .05 | 9504
Autumn [529] ... | 557] ...| 699] .../783) ...) 923) ... |1945| ... |1884]... | 890) ...|825) S. 59 54 W. -314| 8.15 W.|.043) 8535
j Winter 681| ... | 538) ...| 524] .../848) ...| 934) ... |2172) ... ]1982]... |1120] .../236) S. 67 0 W. |.334|S.71 W.|.04}| 8975
Meee Miele IN eee) cecliamaec| cee | | Be Rosa (aye we Meee || cee. I coal! cose Sb GB Bil Wve |S oor. tl ba BETAS}

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 The published record does not give the numbers for the separate seasons in detail. The direction of the resultants for
the different months are given as follows, viz.: January S. 60° 30’ W., February N. 72° 42/ W., March S. 63° 42/ W., April
N. 86° 6/ W., May WN. 24° 12’ E., June S. 52° 36’ W., July S. 50° 0’ W., August S. 67° 18’ W., September S. 63° 54’ W., Octo-
ber S. 57° 12/ W., November S. 30° 42’ W., December 8. 62° 42/ W.

120 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 50.) North Sea.

Computed from observations collected and classified, from the logs of different sailing vessels, at
the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent,
as follows, viz. :—

Summer: N.N.E. 11, N.E. 17, East 4, E.S. H. 10, 8. E. 4, 8.8. E. 2, South 13, 8S. S. W. 6,
S. W. 28, W.S. W. 2, West 5, W. N. W. 13, N. W. 3, N. N. W. 3; calm or variable, 3.

Direction of resultant, S. 35° 38’ W.(??)

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, .15.

Number of days, 26.

Autumn: North 2, N. N. E. 2, N. E. 2, E. N. E. 15, Hast 7, E.S. HE. 9, S.H. 6, S.S.E. 4,
South 10, S. S. W. 17, S. W. 19, W.S. W. 8, West 6, W. N. W. 2, N. W. 4, N.N. W. 2; calm or
variable, 34. ;

Direction of resultant, S. 3° 22’ E.(?)

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, .24.

Number of days, 40.

(Nos. 50(a) to 56.) Southern Norway.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Christiana, at the Observatory from April, 1837, to December, 1863, inclusive, and 1867.
Lindesnes, for 6 years, 1863 to 1868, inclusive.
Lister, for 6 years, 1863 to 1868, inclusive.
Mandal, by Hansen, for 7 years, 1861 to 1867, inclusive.
Sandosund, by Olsen, for 7 years, 1861 to 1867, inclusive.
Skudesnes, by Christensen, Storhoug, and Egeland, for 7 years, 1861 to 1867.
Spydberg, during the years 1784 and 1785. The author is in doubt in regard to the geographical
position of this place.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

E

-)
bu

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the

observation. year. Direction.

> o
23

tween N. & E,

tween 8. & E.

tween N.& W.
variable,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

S. E. or be-
N. W. or be-

N. E. or be-
Calm or

ne

Number of days.

January 5) 159) 68 3} 48 cee Feel oily
February | 117) 100 saneeneed Se ce 09M
March 72) 65 217
April 35| 33/77 99| 84 210
May 3 173) 144 82) 153 217
June | ) 3 145) 115; 101) 151 210
July ] 138) 131! 118) 190 217
August 192) 146, 102, 156 217
September| 3 241 137 82) 81 210
October j 49 220) 100; 90) 90 217
November 8 179} 68) 108) 78 earn Si Peel)
December 175) 124 128] 104 sneesines ont Cron peal
Spring ; 577| 315; 231] 365 i -|.06 |N. Alb 644
Summer 475) 392 321) 497) 16 > -|.2 fs sf 644
Autumn 640) 305, 280) 249 I A ib 3 lee 637
Winter 570| 400 296) 243 : PA : Balt 631
The year 600/1026|1317 2262)1412 1128 1354 alle «. 12556

51.
cat ' svaicensexevet |ltsade-|| (eae gl geen [lareesed fteaems [ecco eeesea leer ees es ... [2192

' Dr. Buchan, in his work on the prevailing winds of the globe, gives them, for the several months of the
year, at Lister and Lindensnes, as follows, viz. :—
Jan. Feb. March, April. May. June, July. Aug. Sept. Oct.
Lister, Ly eta) 2 N. W. Eo SEAS NG Wie AGM BONES | TE
Lindensnes, N. E. Ww. N.E. N.E.& W. N.E.&W. W. WG W. Ww. N.E.

GIR LS Bs WON Ye WAM, HHO WO) GOL IN. 121

(Nos. 50(a@) to 56.) Southern Norway.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE oF WINDS FROM THE 5) Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Ee influences. ;
pais g
A A 2 2 ze S|
Place of | Time of the 238 og 82 BS | 6] Dieciore? [es] S
observation. year. ne en an by | iS resultant, ‘S| Direction. oy
FI ag 5 || Sal = 3s | ee =e Sa 3 2
a | Ao a |Ao = o a |Fo|Eea Zo g BY
Blze| a |u| 8 |we| & lzz(S" Bm |é| 2
ne ae a ee s oe ahh she vere lib titeisl wu. [2192
desnes
(| January 41) 215] 158) 51) 49} 110) 102) 29) 240) ......... EO pt omenanc cae || Ply
February 15| 212) 153} 40) 45) 99) 144) 32) 260 senhe dus oon: \Il |) greece cco |} LSA
March 25) 330) 187| 22) 25) 56) 67) 38) 250 con |} moaeco aco || 2all
April 12) 169) 144) 25) 30) 101) 182) 67) 270) ..-... es, | wee | ee eee 260)
May 9} 120] 120) 22) 54] 186) 241) 40) 208) ....5... | ee | eee wee 217
June AN) TG BY) IBY) WG) Gall ay AKAD Gl) BY Seo ©] cof} ee 210
July ~ 10) 58) 87) 47) 75! 201) 311) 72) 139 Son 070666 oho oot een poo |) ly
August 12) 79) 104) 42) 78) 191) 260) 66) 168) ......... aco |} ‘canees cee |) ALY)
ee Sept’mber | 19] 111) 111) 72 76) 5B}) TISBI) Ba) 2B) cascno onc coo |} “eco een op |) Zu)
October | 16] 151) 192) 60) 49) 128] 149) 34) 221 ooo |) apee0 217
November| 32) 182 159| EYsy) G42) TUG} UA) B24) PALM Seceacos {| |] cco II © oooeos 210
December | 22) 17S) 125) 46 41, 121) 187) 69) 211 2o3 |. Conecs zee || PAIlY/
Spring | 46! 619] 451| 69] 109) 343) 490) 145| 728] N. 28°51/ KE. |.06 | N. 42° EB. |.08 644
Summer 46| 290] 321) 108] 204) 550) 740| 199) 542) S. 67 27 W.|.25 | S. 66} W.|.21 | 644
Autumn 67| 444) 462 187 167, 396| 484| 122) 671|S. 27 21 E. |.04 |S. 59 E. |.054) 637
Winter 78] 605| 436) 137) 135) 330) 433] 130) 711) N. 56 47 EH. |.08 | N. 593 E. |.105 631
The year | 237/1958)1670) 501 615 1619 2147) 596/2652| S. 76 51 W.j.023| ...... ... |2056)
soca The year | 405] 227| 159) 296) 293) 222} 95] 124) .. |S. 86 57 E.|.10 | ...... son || Bil
January 126) 248) 39) 82) 90) 190} 75) 54) 96
February | 188) 235) 39) 51) 48 243) 52) 35) 109
March 163) 335) 55) 28) 51) 174) 25) 48) 121
April 110) 238) 38) 38) 81) 266) 51) 59) 119
May 97| 230) 33) 40) 86) 382; 39) 26) 67
June 68) 200) 44) 62) 89 371) 62) 30) 74
July 93| 147] 18| 43] 96 444) 50| 51, 58
August 80] 141) 43) 48) 112 406) 72) 39) 59
September, 54) 173) 70) 82) 85 345) 73) 29) 89
Banos October | 83| 195| 55| 65| 65) 299| 104] 50| 84
November! 112) 240) 47). 79) 74 211) 85) 87| 65
December} 142) 149} 35) 64| 75) 266). 96) 94) 79
Spring 370} 803) 126) 106 218) 822) 115| 133| 307) N. 7 46 W.| .05 | N. 433 E. | .11
Summer | 241] 488) 105) 153) 2971221) 287) 120) 191) S. 48 33 W.| .29| 58. 40 W.| .20
Autumn | 249] 608) 172, 226] 224 855) 262) 166) 238] S. 49 1 W.|.09/S. 31 E. | .03
Winter 456| 632) 113) 197] 213 699) 223) 183’ 284| N. 388 38 W.| .08 | N. 203 E. | .10
The year |1316)2531) 516 682) 952 3497| 887| 602 1020) S. 69 20 W.| .09
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF +» .| Monsoon
5 THE COMPASS. 3) influences. a
oO =e >
> Be <
: | | Direction |Z) , Si
ey | Q od of eeS| a °
5 / a | aI 2 S iss ie = a | resultant. |o &| iS) i
a eel a fea SH eee la |e eI |e ee Sel 3 ela
Se eels a lala) Sale (ele ae |e ee Zo] 2 || &
B |2/2/12/8/8/al)ala] alalalelel|elala jo” ee el)
56. Christiania. (No. of observations.)
Jan. | 153| 127| 167| 33| 32| 7| 42] 56] Go| 14] 18| 12] 10| 13] 36] 31) 26) ......... Bal aie | 868
Feb. 142} 100] 136) 32) 24! 9) 47| 44) 59] 19) 21) 10) 15] 15) 34) 30) 31) ......... osal) - coa'sed 006 7
Mar. | 152] 123] 145] 33] 55| 9) 40) 42) 70) 15] 20) 15] 28] 12) 28 37) 89) see eeeeee aeal| | Meoseds t]| 'Be0 868)
April | 141) 107} 125} 36] 46) 9) 63) 57, 94) 26) 33 U2 D4 9 S629) 28|) eereecee | ieesl no-e-= co 870)
May 95} 67) 106} 41 45) 17| 67| 86) 174) 44) 34) 16) 16} 7 23 39) UB coscraces Sool ieodicen eco 899)
June 69} 40) 87) 35 48) 14, 73° 99) 184] 60] 36) 18) 22} 12) 23) 26) 17) ......... oa] aneees sco || — teizAt)
July 65| 52| 82] 31) 44 16) 96108) 199] 49] 34) 17) 22, 9) 29) 25) 13) ......... coal) Sageco co || tS)
Aug. 74| 43] 121) 38] 61| 18, 91) 81) 162) 47| 36] 11) 26] 7 16) 25) 34) ......... éoo|! oaocea oo |} GHEY
Sept. | 113] 69) 140] 37} 47) 19 82 65) 97) 37) 23) 12) 15) 11 S37)! G7) BI Ganconent eal] edoore 205 870)
Oct. 155) 109} 159] 23) 30| 10) 49 64) '75| 29) 15) 11) 27) 15 24) BPA) AM) ccocroens osa|| “oconed | 899)
Nov. | 190; 109} 172) 27) 21, 4 39, 41) 46) 14) 15 12) 23) 16) 25) 47) Bts|! cocApasass con|| “ceeced seo || telZAl)
Dec. | 162! 120) 198] 26] 26 8 27] 29) 76) 10] 18| 6, 15) 11) 32) 47 45) oo sngedo opal|) eeéees | 899
Spr. 388] 297) 376]110/146 35 170185) 338) 85) 87) 43, 58 28] 87 ae 8 82)N.57°11/ BE. 248. 20° E. 004 2637
Sum. | 208] 135} 290|104)153 48 2c0 288] 545/156'106) 46) 70) 28 68, 7 648. 42 17 E. 285. 2} W.|.34 | 2668
Aut. | 458] 287] 471] 87] 98) 33170170} 218) 80] 53 35| 65] 42 B16 136N.39 12 E.|.32! North |.12 | 2639
Win. | 457) 347) 501) 91 82 24116 129) 195) 43) 57| 28) 40) 39102128102N.31 26 E. .41'N. 3 E. |.22 | 2557
Year |1511/1066|1638|392/479 140,716 772|1296|364|303)152/ 233/137, (338,435, 384.57 36 E.|.24) ...... 10501

1 For note see page 120.

16 September, 1874,

123 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 50(a) to 56.) Southern Norway.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of : 5 || Direction of
the year. F ra] j ; . A : resultant,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

56. Christiania. (Sums of force, 1837 to 1859.)

1
January /|204.5 136.1 201.4 30.7 42, 4| 13.
February |209.7 120. 4 155.3/33.9/30.5| 7
March /176.7 a 106.0 146.1/29.5/40.4)12.
April 162.2)117. 8) 147. 8/36.2/36.2! 1.
May 131.6) 76. 2) 105.4 28.4/42.0/13.
June 84.6) 52.0) 84,0/32.0182. 5.3
July 77.1) 52. 8 72.9/28. 9/3 (12.
August 107. 0) 60. 1 104.5)2: 14.
September 133.5] 91. 0 113.5)2: 13
October ce. 6 104. 1 141. 62 | 9

4

1

56.3
59.3}
60.1
59.8
81.5
93.4 108.

oT

VOR R ROP NNER RS

ava

Sim Wali (aie es ieee io.
bts

BPeHEweeee oe

woman

wow Bato
: ISOS) OR eee
DADE PONoOWROROP

woe Bop

www poe

BSSNROoE
SR PHM SSSS HR RD

tO ONH WTR iO HOw oO

104.2 2 113.
83.9)
3] 73.5
69.7
46.3 5
74.8) 81.0/1

PeEDNyNNReHe
NDENDNNNPHHNNDD
GPF Go U9 G9 <> St 9 0 =D 9
WORWTO OD RHODOHN

BH
we ovo an oT OD
Swawo

December a

The year ane 97.6 aa

|

5

OO BD bo 09 GO OO
BwaHOWHOMUNPHHoHw

SOSmMUIWWWDOMOME
OOWare wMWOO Re Oe
RRO WOH aAwWoMooON
ASNMAMSCWOMNoOHON
SENSSEREHSSSE
loot ork Geri @ wi aes)

BOTS Po

ran
ee

N. 47° 8’ E.

(Nos. 57 to 63(d).) Worthern Denmark.

Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
length of Date.

By whom observed. eines

yrs. mos.
LUA TECHS Be erriesorececacen ||| Leal hiGascasccscesecoccnoco, || 3s 0 1868 to 1870 inclusive.
f Christiansoe ... Beco) || eecoereeearcece a 8 Date not preserved.
— Copenhagen... eee va 160 1783, 1784, 1785 and 1808 to 1869 inclusive.
| Eskelund Bese Bay... Beeaccho apie 2 1868 to 1870 inclusive. -
f Gjerlev Pradoricksen., ieee 1868 to 1870 inclusive.
b Hindholm . bo -.- | Instructors and ‘others, 1861 to 1870 inclusive.
E Hofmansgave vices ; oaee Date not preserved,
} Landbohoiskolan....... | ie C. ital Cour and other 1861 to 1870 inclusive.
Ryslinge .... | Jovgensen....... 1868 to 1870 inclusive.
St. Nicolai.. -... | Clausen.... 1868 to 1870 inclusive.
Silkeborg .. .... | Fibiger.... February, 1862, to September, 1868, inel.
Skaarupgaard . sesesce==) || Ke hari 1861 to 1866 inclusive.
PSURRI2)9 Ghopecoccoeeaonnene || ceresccasess Date not preserved.
B SMIGSEUp) ceclecanesere-<e 1861 to 1867 inclusive.
Tarum ...... nai |) goo dsenconc: is 1861 to 1867 inclusive.
B Wiy borg: cvicssisestesse=oiee dl BOYD resicnuzessrteece steeeeceenecs 1862 to 1870 inclusive.

ooooomeoooocorcse

|
| Monsoon

influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DiIrreReENT POINTS OF THE CoMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of
observation. the year,

tween 8S. & W
or be-
tween N. & W.

Direction,

variable,

Calm or

N. E. or be-

tween N. & E.

East.

S. W. or be-

N. W.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Number of days.

January

February

March

| April

| May

| June

July
August

57. | September

October

November

| December

Spring

Summer

Autumn

Winter

The year

noown|

os

Tarum.

ors Heese toto tor | North,

WW RWMUAMAR Wee

i
ATIADE OTANI wo

Oy op

foe 59° 57’ W.| .09 |N. 344°R. |.

17 | | PllGiol ees ; 20 W.| .39 |N.81 W.|.25
16 ? | aera MiSs 35 W.| .26 |S. 47 E.
23 ; edb aaa ae 51 W.
bere j4 | Be -42 14 W.

=
COR MPL WO RR ee bp

ebuneas cies oa a ate INS

oR ER Oe hb

=
bo

aan

1p. cre Mallon Bokelmann, and Hansen.

SHRIBS Bo. AON Wo WA, boo AN@ BOL Ie 1238

(Nos. 57 to 63(d).) Northern Denmark.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. re influences. ‘
£48 By
A A 2 E ae =
Place of |Time of the 28 o2 24 22 g | Direction of | 23 Sey -
observation. year. ae en AYA be rial resultant. « ¢ | Direction. rs
a Se o (Sad 2 Se > teal oa ae 3 2
. = |48| e|48| SES] 3 FS | ae Ze x | ol
w |\Z2| A |me| a |aib| Flee |S | & | &
January Bi Oi 2) Oi Al g BAW PAM eal ie. eaacds) | coo. seaeees ops
February | 2/ 7] 1] 5] 3) 6) By] LY we | eee | over | cence es
March Ay UO) | By Ay By Gi By My ceo | eoarag = |] cco || ca000 c
April Be bP BW BU Ble Bh WAN cell eos 0 ccoccas 9 Nteb |} © aoc nee
May By Bp By BA Bal Ol WW Bay eee th cabesg P| eee |] = scosens sce
June Bl) Bl Bi Sl By Bal el Beso = asoeds 7 el cca |) 9 ostcen nes
July OM eee ese sniooN Mer lndomeesc mest &. cet, PR cea a
| August Py | Wk Th 5 Be ala Bole B pico |) feobeto! YM] cose] 4 conden nee
September) 2} 2) 2) 9) 4] Gj 4] Dy oe | ceecee | cee | cen eee bod
October Do Bh BN Bayo OW BW Boos No Beoess = CNN cdo |S precnece occ
|November| 2] 4] 1) 7] 5] 7) 2) 2] we | cere, [occ | ceeeee i
|December| 2] 4] 2] 7) 3) 7] 2) 4) we | sees ool obfoeose 709
Spring TG) Qf AO | 70) aS ale 2 §. 79° 18/ W.|.022| N. 21° H. |.163
Summer Tala eal LON Si rane |e2d. lS S. 61 32 W.|.41 |S. 834 W.|.273 !
| Autumn 6 10)" 6) 24) ta) 20°) 9 5 S. 7 30 E. |.29 |S. 432 B. |.174| 637 |
| Winter B | Ur By Us) Sy) 2a) ey S. 9 33 H. |.15 | N. 833 E. |.11 | 631
| The year 27 | 51 | 24 | 62 | 34 | 87 | 53 | 27 Sb Bl AA Nivollptlfs) 1 pcones ... (2556
(| January 3 | 7) 6] 22/18] 22) 6) 8
| February | 1] 7] 8 | 9 | 10) 22 | 22| 6
| March |) PAD) jf aif) 9) a3: |) aug |} I) 9) aa 9
| April Hi 8 9 16 | 9) We | Ue | LO
May 6] 3] 10)12) 5 | 24 | 18 | 17
| June WI BN BB) Sy US | BO |) a6
| July Bi} 8 8 Lh | Gy we pat | ue
58(a) | August Bi 7) 10 tO |) iv | le | We) | 2e
ees | September] 6] 5] 8] 6 | 13 | 23 | 17 | 11
* | | October 4 5 6 | 15 | 13 | 21 | 14 | 14
|'November| 5| 8| 8] 8] 15 | 18 | 13 | 14
December| 5 | 19 | 14|17|18;12| 3) 4
Spring | 20 | 31 | 29 | 41 | 25 | 51 | 45 | 36 S. 49 29 W.| .13| N. 35 E. |.07
Sumner 8 | 17 | 23 | 34 | 21 | 52 | 70 | 53 8.74 4 W.| 32) N. 71 W.|.18
| Autumn 15 | 18 | 22 | 29 | 41 | 62 | 44 | 39 S. 50 12 W.| .29|S. 65 W.|.10
| Winter 9 | 33 | 28 | 48 | 46 | 56 | 31 | 18 S. 1 80 E. | .28/8. 58 E. |.19
| The year 52 | 99 )102 |152 |133 |221 190 |146 8. 44 44 W.| .20
January Gj ml} Gh ial |) Mb) ae |) ®t
| February | 6| 9] 5] 10) 5 | 22} 17 | 12
March 17) 4) PAN EE IBS ae ae
April 6 | 10 5 9 B23) | 19)
| May 3) ij) Bl) Oy) a3) 2A |] alk}. jf ata
| June GW Ae We ey ae | AR) ly) a}
July al si Si 6] a] at | ao || Bo
on, | ee NE tee
- | September 2 B) | & 14 ‘
Wyhorg- || October | 8| 10 | 5 | 10] 13 | 23) 10 | 14
|November| 9 9 | 41] 10 | 14} 24 | 10 | 10
| December| 12 | 10 | 7} 9/11) 23} 11] 9
| Spring 24 | 39 | 19 | 32 | 28 | 63 | 46 | 28 S. 59 59 W.| .17) N. 77 E. |.09
| Summer | 15 | 25 | 9 | 18 | 28 | 63 | 62 | 59 §. 84 19 W.| .37|N. 66 W.|.17
|) Autumn 25 | 23 | 11 | 28 | 42 | 74 | 34 | 37 §. 54 28 W.| .29 South |.06
| Winter 24 | 30 | 18 | 30 | 30 | 72 | 38 | 29 S. 53 41 W.| .23|5. 60 E. |.06
U| The year | 88 |117 | 57 |108 128 |272 |180 |153 8. 65 57 W.| .26
January A Ut | Us |] Hf} aul |) Ba Be
| February | 7/10|)10| 2/ 5| 18) 20! 7
| March 7) 11) 22) 4) 7) 15)14) 6
| April vi Bie | All Gl) 4) mo |
| May i) Be A By Tab Ws eal hg)
| June UN) MO. | oak By) A See a)
July UB Gl By BA Gy Tes Wee yeaD
59(a) August 10 3 5 2) 11) 19 | 29 | 13
Silkebor | September| 9 2 5 2 | 14 | 27 | 20 | 10
8: | | October 6| 3|16] 6| 14] 22] 20] 8
|November| 14) 7] 5) 4] 10] 25) 14) 7
| December| 9 5 | 14 4 8 | 22 | 22 | 11
Spring 21 | 28 | 50 | 16 | 24 | 47 | 54 | 29 8.74 48 W.| .10|N. 79 E. |.18
Summer 34 | 14 | 20 5 | 22 | 47 | 95 | 43 N.82 56 W.|..45 | N. 533 W.|.19
| Autumn 29 | 12 | 26 | 12 | 38 | 74] 54 | 25 S. G1 37 W.| .24/8. 13 W.|.11
Wiuter 18 | 26 | 37 | 12 | 24 | 61 | 66 | 23 |S. 69 49 W.| .25 |S. 533 BE. |.05
The year! Ad 229 |269 |120 8. 78 47 W.| .28 |

124

(Nos. 57 to 63(d).)

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Northern Denmark.— Continued.

Place of
observation,

>)

59(b).
Daugaard. }

if
59(c).
Skaarup-
gaard.
f
59(d).
Gjerlev.
60.
Skagen. '

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a3 influences. ‘
——— — = = — ——— ——__—— s& = 2
Time of O38 oY ) | 53 | g | Direction of | 83 | 5
the year. oy as By be | resultant. |. ¢ | Direction. a
a |fa} . oe Sle) as | aie 2 | a ||
Bde] 3 Hs) BPS) sel ee zs 4 | 3
wIZe| a lab! a |ae| FE lzelo ee lee
| January Ay eS) A hie CLO Ee 2Zael) 8
February PHM 2 5 8 | 10 | 14 | 36 8
March By PPE eh eh yy Pe ay
April 2 7 7 4 |'12°) 15 | 30°) 10 |
| May 3 2 7 4} 14] 17] 35 | 11
June 4 3 4 1 6, 15 | 42 ) 12
| July 5 || 1183 3 Ch Ne are Wel)
August 8 a eae Waleh |) PA) | als:
September} 6] 5 5 2] 9% 16 | 36 | 10
October 4 5 5 eR So als} | 8h) 9
November) 8 8 6 A) 6?) | 27) 10
December| 6 | 13 | 14] 4]16]16/]16] 6
Spring 13 | 20 | 36 | 12 | 35 | 40 | 86 | 31 8. 73° 40’ W.) .30 | N. 76° E. |.05
Summer 17 | 14 | 33 6 | 20 | 41 | 98 | 41 N. 88 51 W.| .40| N. 28 W.|.13
| Autumn 18 | 18 | 16 | 10 | 38 | 40 |102 | 29 8. 79 6 W.| .43] N. 79 W.!.09
Wiuter 12 | 18 | 32 | 16 | 48 | 49 | 77 | 22 8. 55 36 W.} .32| S.42 E. |.16
| The year | 60 | 70 |117 | 44 |136 |170 |363 |123 5. 76 18 W.! 235
| January 3/ 6] 4] 21 | 138] 22) 9) 14
| February 6 | 13 5 | 15 @ | 168) 2a) a
March 95) 15) | VN e208) S25 ee 6 9
April ij |) ul 5 | 19 8 8 | 10 | 23
May 7 8 4) 22 ©) Vents) 1S
June 8 7 5 | 18 | 11 | 15 } 12 | 16
July 6 1 2 ON 2s | MBM 28in | Ly,
August 5 2 3) 14 | 1E) U6) 25: | 18
September| 4 2 BRED) || ADTs SL | ea els
October 3 8 8) 223) || 2's) bya) eli
November! 6 5 3 | 20 | 19 | 22 ) 8
December| 5 5 5 | 14 |] 14] 15 |} 18 | 18
Spring 22 | 34 | 20 | 61 | 27 | 35 | 29 | 50 Bed 59) Wiel Oba |iaNeiole ER ay
Summer | 19 | 10 | 10 | 41 | 34 | 47 | 65 | 51 S. 68 49 W.| .34|N. 77 W./.17
Autumn 13 | 15 | 14 | 62 | 52 | 54 | 32 | 35 Bald we Wis! 22.9) iS eahO Sak dio
Winter 14 | 24 | 14] 50 | 34 | 53 | 38 | 46 8S. 43 50 W.| .22|) N. 75 W.!.01
The year | 68 | 83 | 58 /214 |147 |189 164 /182 S. 41 41 W.| .21
| January | A A Sat
February | 3] 8 9 5 9/28/19) 5
March 13 | 18 | 10 | 16 6 | 19 5 5
April 6 | 14 4/14 8 | 24 | 14 6
May 4/11 3 | 12 Te eco) ic | etal
June en | ets 6 8 | 29 | 24 | 10
July Aso. yf aay a PAs 22 Og
August Do WT || Ls 5 5 | 19} 12.) 16
September] 5/ 8} 4] 5] 6] 24} 26/11
October GO.) 4 7 | 14 5 325|| 19 5
November} 7/ 9] 8] 4] 7] 36] 12] 7
December] 4 | 23 | 13 | 14 | 13] 20 4 3 |
Spring 23 | 43 | 17 | 42 | 21 | 74 | 33 | 22 8S. 27 56 W.| .18|S. 89 E. |.09
Summer | 16 | 28 | 25 | 21 | 16 | 74 | 58 | 35 8S. 73 18 W.| .29 | N. 54 W.!.13
Autumn | 18 | 22} 19 | 23 | 18 |} 92 | 57 | 23 S. 60 24 W.| .37)S. 81 W.|.15
Winter 8 | 47 | 32 | 31 | 36 | 72 | 31 | 15 BS. 74 335 Wiel 220 eS 7B eal ey
The year | 65 |140 | 93 |117 | 91 |312 |179 | 95 5. 49 29 W.| .23 |
Ae es ¥ |
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF | #3 B
THE COMPASS. Beal og
aie eee eheallins
Pal i < a E E E ip lea eect | Sone
. E a 3 “a ve . of a
B/elalalelal a lal slal & lS) Bale le] o2| &
2\2\/2\/A/al|a| wlalala| a |E| EE lala me) &
6 | |
The year |415/285|929 386 440 325 asa Ea Srila 1645 837 1056 ae 283 8.46°36/W.| .20 |3287

SEE Seabee Zs ONS hs ay lyAG ras) 5! OM G0 Ni. 125

(Nos. 57 to 63(d).) Northern Denmark.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a2 influences.
; : a] £8 lint
Ae fi le ise Fg 2 |
Place of | Time of the 28 o 22 33 g | Direction of | 2S = |
observation. year. a eA Pr Se | as resultant. «% ¢ | Direction. 2 4
2 | ae 5 oo > oa os 2 o
a a 5 a ri a! 3 Wee I On cS) “!
BAS] algo} SES] Bes | es oe 2| &
©) aes S ~-2] © LS |S > | a> ae 3 5
4 |4e/ A las] a lie) Flee /S ms B | 2
— ose
61. Hof- 7 nee ie
Bei eavast The year | 7| 9/10/14 | 14] 20] 15 | 11| ... |S. 32° 147 w.| .20 1461
c| January Ol OD Gap Wee | Gk eB) alia) |
February alas 8 9 8 | 19 | 16 | 10
March 11 | 14 / 15 | 12] 11 | 11 8 9
April 8 6 | 10} 12 8 | 15 | 13 | 18
May 8 i) |) ial) al) 8} 15 | 17 | 14
June 5 3 |) Lo fh fh Ue] | ed || al
July Gh Ay Be By le ale QD | ale
61(a) August ALN AL BET Gy frei aus ORY I ool
Heniiolen September] 95 3 5 | 12 | 12) 24] 16) 13
- October 5 6 | 11 | 16 | 11 | 20 | 13 } 10
November | 10 6 6 | 15 |} 11 | 24 | 10 | 10
December | 9 9 7 | 13) } VL | 22°) 13 9
Spring 27 | 25 | 36 | 39 | 27 | 41 | 38 | 41 8.55 58 W.} .07 | N. 59° E. | .15
Summer 16 9) 19) 28) || 22°) 52°) 75. | 55 5. 80 35 W.| .39!N. 74 W.| .21
Autumn 20)| 15 | 22 | 43 | 34) 68 | 39 | 33 is. 388 19 W.| .27|5. 11 E.} .10
Winter 22 | 26 | 22 | 39 | 30) 64 | 38 29 S.40 22 W.| .20);S. 56 E. | .06
The year | 85 | 75 | 99 |149 )113 |225 |190 )158 8.57 50 W.) .22
January 4; 2] 11/18/10] 10) 27} 4
February | 2/ 3/10/10) 7) 9/35) 9
March 5 | 15 | 16 | 19 9 6 | 16 7
April 6 9 8 | 13 4} 12) 27] 11
May 6 4/10} 15 3 6 | 35 | 15
June 4 6 3 8 ab) |) BE) |) lz
July 7 8 | 13 | 10 3 | 9 | 27 | 15
61(b) August 6 8 | 15 | 10 4) 12] 21 | 18 f
Besline September] 4] 5; 5/18} 6 | 13 | 25 | 13
ysinse- | | October 4| 4) 5/19) 8 | 18 | 23 | 12
November] 5 @ | W@ |) 4 8 | 12 | 23 9
December| 1 9) 23>) 29 6 9 | 12 3
Spring 17 | 28 | 34 | 47 | 16 | 24 | 78 | 33 S: 78 55 W.|.11 | N. 38° E. | .07
Summer | 17 | 22 | 31 | 28 | 11 | 30 | 87 | 50 N.78 21 W.|.283| N. 43 W.| .18
Autumn | 13 | 18 | 20 | 51 | 22 | 43 |) 71 | 34 8.56 8 W.).25 |S. 39 W.! .08
Winter 7 | 14 | 44 | 57 | 23 | 28 | 74 | 16 S. 6 17 W.|.21 |S. 44 E.} .19
The year | 54 | 82 /129 |183 | 72 |125 |310 |133 8. 64 33 W.|.18
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE as Monsoon a
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 35 influences. = |
oF Ts YH
Time of : -| Direction of | “% we |
the year. | _ | i gj salieri es = | \sc| resultant. SF aa:
s él) 4 toni |) ae [pe S|! 8 3 at os | : gq
E|4/8|4lelala lal si|aye | 4) 8 a|E |e es 3% |Direction| ¢ | @ }
zlzle|s|alalalala|éjulelE| Ele i2 oF a 8 le
62. Copenhagen, 1783-5.
The year 94 61 143/64)160)103)216)105 ano2 186]134|264)214 348/103/400|N. 86° 0’ W.| .14] ......... | ... 1096)
63. Copenhagen, 1808 to 1869.
January 2 sll Belles] asl Ble Bec lz 4). 3
| February Wera|) PAleral} BH baal] Billo Ala en 6 a. 4...) 4
| March Pe ccn|| 9 BAtecel| <4 4! . NE SUS) fad By oc 4
f April Bacall Bees ZN cen! pes 4 olee 4). 4
} May Bicol!) Placa) GH cecal Ih oo 4. 4|. 4. 4
| June Ph ccall PAleaall 2) 4). Biocel| a} o Giles 6
j July cool) All| 2 I) cel]. Sccall » BF ccelf Uf caall
f August Pe secl) Pee 2 4). A | eOles Gee 5 j
jSeptember| 2...) 2)... 3 4) . 4\...| 6) . Sime Ay |
j October Piccol| PAlecell BA} cool | Bill se Bifccall ol} é 4). 3]
November] 2...| 3}...| 3 lo 5 bee | dil 4. 2)
fDecember| 2...| 2)...] 3] ...| 4) ...| 4I...] 8] .-.| 5} «| 3]
| Spring 3} col] Glbee | TBI es | UN coll EPA SSAII UPAN esl) IBA] ccs] ak |S. 9 43 W.|.09 |N.63°R. | .13
Summer Bcd GUL ale SBT Say el ea OTEST EE YTS ec GN ee | LY) |S. 72 9 W.).28 |N.66 W.} .15
Autumn cas]? Willecal ©) 13 14 20 13 ae, ..|S. 27 22 W.).25 |S.13 BE. | .08
Winter (3 cee|! Zi cco) 9) 12 13}...| 20) 13 10 ..|8. 33 47 W.).234 1S. 24 BE. | .05
| The year | 26...| 28)...! 37 50) 50|...| 68 58| ...| 48 |S. 41 43 W.!:20 }
63(a). Nos. 62 and 63 combined.
[aaa
The year [120 61\171 64197 103 266 105/177/93|254 134/322 214|396 103/400) 8. 85 2 W.).14}

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 57 to 63(d).) Northern Denmark.— Continued.

Place of
observation.

Time of the
year.

January

February

March

April

| May
| June
July
August
September)
October
November |
December
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May
Jane
July
August
September
October

63(0).
Landbo-
hoiskolan.

63(c).
St. Nicolai.

eee. os
APROmMWARUIMAMNAWAI SHS po] North.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

Es. or be-

tween N, & E,
tween 8S. & E.

N. E. or be-

is
|

=
mb

=

IAAP ADD OATH hw

aor
oo

November |
| December
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
63(d).

Christian- >| The year

b
TONTOOGOAT OAT ho

soe.

(Nos. 64 to 90.)
Observed as follows:

Place of observation.

)

or be-

Ss. W.

tween S.& W. |

or be-
tween N.& W.

N. W.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Calm or
variable,
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,
Number of days.

Southern Sweden.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

ASkerSund vocncccseress ons
Carlshamn...
Carlstad ......

} Cronbreg ...
Goteborg ...
Halmstad ....
Jonkoping ...
Kalmav .......
Linkoping..

Nykoping..
Orebro.......
Skara.....-..
Stockholm........

WipSaleemettensiscstcentsse stars
| Wenersborg .
Westeras .....
Westervik ...
Wexio......... ou
IWHSDYit-cenactezccestastenneo|

KE, A. Appelholm .....:......

. Holmberg.......
. Westerstahl..

. E. Follin ......

. F. Toutin...
RagHen lee eee

RAPM: sz

eile Olson.
. A. Landin...
. E. Forssell.

: AMO: >

Gustavus Swamberg

Br igmell 5... cusses d
J. W. Torngren....
G. §. Kallstenius..
E. A. Rundgost

We Tdestrom.. sec cossesce sce
. A. von Zweigbergk

Eps LONGI) seen oa ns

mos,
6
0
9
0
5
11
10

<
OTH TRO OTIIR Ow

a

ITT 7-319
GOR aARwWwo > SS oe

1858 to 1866 inclusive.

1858 to 1866 inclusive.

1858 to 1866 inclusive.

1842.

1859 to 1866 inclusive.

1859 to 1866 inclusive.

1858 to 1866 inclusive.

December, 1858, to December, 1866, incl.

December, 1858, to December, 1866, incl.

1863 to 1866 inclusive.

1859 to 1866 inclusive.

December, 1858, to December, 1866, incl.

August, 1859, to December, 1866, inclusive.

1862 to 1866 inclusive, and four years of
earlier date, not preserved.

1855 to 1866 inclusive.

1859 to 1866 inclusive.

September, 1859, to December, 1866, incl.

July, 1859, to December, 1866, inclusive.

December, 1859, to December, 1866, incl.

August, 1859, to December, 1866, inclusive.

SIRI 1. ZO INI Yo IWAN BS UNO AMO Iie 127

(Nos. 64 to 90.) Southern Sweden.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE ta Monsoon
Compass. ag influences. :
= ES
| Bc s
i vo
Time of . . | g | Direction of | 23 | 3
the year. ia] a J 4 5 B | 5 f= | 53 | resultant. 25 | Direction. 5
a 5 : Si S : 2 | o8 oe ‘
BEI4/Al/A2lulalgilia!l lal E22) 2 AE |e BR 28 2 q
4 Secale i iC) . & ; | es [oa] oS a)
A214) A4/A\|A/A lala] nial} w EI EIJElzlalo £ A
64. Goteborg.
; ] l
Spring 99 | 31| 148 90/216) 32] 59 38) 161] 71) 139, 65] 351} 53] 89} 33] 226|S. 67° 2/ W.|.08 |N. 26° B. |.11
Summer | 89 | 42) 60 28/116) 32) 59) 33) 216} 87) 194116} 572) 84/117) 30} 146/S.72 3 W.|.88 |IN.87 W.|.24
Autumn 75 | 15] ‘74 55/304) 46 188) 36 291 74| 219) 90} 350) 33) 73) 15} 243/S.11 43 W.|.23 |S. 39 RB. |.12
Winter 91 | 20) 113 59/255) 50/150) 48 205) 46) 179) 76) 270) 39) 68) 12, 303/S. 1 5 W.).144/S. 83 E. |.12
oo set Thiele ee ee | we [ove] ee on ae [oa] oa] a] ne (8.42 97 W.] 18
65. Wenersborg.
7
Spring 85 |145| 333] 63] 29} 12} 34) 52) 115/237) 93 25| 53 | 12) 34] 26] 577|/N.73 48 EB. |.08 IN.13 EB. |.15
Summer 68 |162] 197) 46] 38] 14) 49|122) 145/478] 139 37) 59 | 14] 21) 22) 410/S. 4 31 W.|.22 |S. 33 Ww. 124
Autumn 63 | 97} 195) 88) 41) 41 79/159 145/291) 104 20) 48 8) 24) 27) 467/S. 25 44 E. 1.194 5. 314 E. |.08
Winter 73 |103| 187) 64] 52) 20) 58} 93) 139)/234) 113 33) 33 | 10] 41] 42) 693)/S.25 58 E.|.10 |IN. 7 W. 034
‘Whass 77ceae! Goa ||| Boalt once ||P acol | cosiP cool teedlli poalt- eeer lls cel Hee | cot! coo" | coal! osell Teoell) cod, [tele 2) Trl LOS SIIB!
66. Halmstad.
| Spring 142) 59) 164) 53/189 28) 83) 33) 166 67) 271) 50) 259) 84/176) 47) 332/5.88 46 W |.12 |N.23 E. |.063
} Summer 150) 43) 64) 31) 91 34 60) 60) 173 96} 280)109} 384/145)200) 49) 234)S. 80 29 W.|.34 |N.88 W.|.19-
Autumn 106) 42) 124) 42/155) 45 98 61) 216 85) 308) 55) 172) 59/135) 26) 268|S.35 11 W. 17$|5. 294 E. |.09
Winter 148) 35) 164) 25)181) 30,119) 41) 213 56} 312) 50} 89) 55} 92) 31) 305/S. 20 33 Ww. 063 |N. 874 EB. |.12
The year | 546/179) 516)151)616/137 360/195) 768 304/1171/264| 904/343)603)153)1139|S. 63 20 W.|.164| ...... sea
67. Cronberg.
January 2 17 .| 42) 2). 0 13 aff tal 0 N.84 28 E. |.41 | ......
February 3 15 .| 14 QO}. 9 21 || 116) 1 Shy Sl BY \WYolloll@ | cascce
March 8 6 9 Ole 3 17 | 41 9 N.85 33 W. .50
April 2 43 33 Ore 1 0 all 4 2 WELOZ A TS iste |) scons
May 5 39 13 2). 6 7 .| 14 7 Nee) ZIBY TS, |e) | ooseen
June 8 15 9 Nera a0) 19 21 10 N.74 7 W.).24 | ......
July 7 16 2 By bool 2 26 24 10 INGS/an2 GPW eS Dan| mallneestes
August 4 28 21 CIN eeoil) call 9 .| 14 5 ING(HO)! B35} 18, 524) | tors
September] 6 23 8 2). 5 28 12 il Sh GE BI ANY CIIOY ) coseds
October 3 10 15 ill 5 25 [el 8 S. 65 11 W.|.22
November| 17 15 5 One 6 11 «| 25 3 N.50 25 W.|.303] .....
December} 4 24 10 O}! soot) i 15 -| 26 7] N.45 33 W.).235| ..--- ace
Spring 15 .| 88 55 5] ...| 10 24 59 18 . |N.36 47 E. |.26 |N E. |.22
Summer 19 || 8) 32 UI) sapi} a4 54 59 25 N.61 6 W.|.14 |S. 794 W.|.10
Autumn | 26 .| 48 28 BH coal: UG 64 53 12 . |N.81 11 W.}.13 |S. 574 W.|.12
H Winter 8) |) cool! 8 cool} (85 2) ...| 10 49 52 8 - |N.60 50 E. |.07 |S. 604 E. |.10
f The year | 69 | .../251 | ...)181 21| ...) 50 191 223 63 . |N.17 48 W.|.09 ob
68. Lund.
Spring 7 | 57| 26 \127) 11/151} 10) 45) 2 | 36] 32 |123) 11 |113) 17) 62) 273 N.48 15 E. | O34 /N.52 KE. |.16
} Summer 2 | 32) 3 | 69) 14) 77) 12) 54) 4 | 42) 34 |202) 33 |179| 16) 73) 2555.84 46 W.|.25 |N.78 W.|.204
Autumn 8 | 29] 29 | 76) 25,134) 23) 60) 2 | 67) 77 |137| 26 | 59) 15) 40) 2698.34 48 E. |.114)8. 81 KE, |.16
Winter 8 | 35] 24 | 60) 14/115) 21) 68) 2 | 72) 78 |190} 39 | 76) 14) 30) 2178.39 40 W.).202)S. 27 W.|.12
i The year | 25 |153) 82 |332| 64/477) 66 227) 10 |217/221 |652)109 |427) 62)205)1014.S. 52 53 W.).12
|
69. Nos. 67 and 68 combined.
; , 7
} Spring 22 | 57\114 |127) 66)151| 15 4s] 12 | 36) 56 |123) '70 \113] 35 62) 273|N.385 55 H.|.08 |N.50 KE. |.164
Summer | 21 | 32) 62 | 69] 46) 77) 23) 54) 18 | 42) 88 |202) 92 |179) 41) 73) 255|S. 88 50 W.|.22 |N.'753 W.|.144
Autumn | 34 | 29) 77 | 76) 53/134) 26) 60 18 | 67/141 137) 79 | 59} 27) 40) 269|5.26 10 W.).11 |S. 28 E. |.063
Wiuter 17 | 35| 80 | 60} 80/115) 23) 68 12 | 72)127 |190, 91 | 76} 22) 30) 217/S.37 59 W.|.16 |S. 12 W.}.08%
} The year | 94 |153/333 |332|/245/477| 87 227 60 |217/412 |652 332 |427/125/205 1014/8. 63 37 W.|.09

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

128 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 64 to 90.) Southern Sweden.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE
influences.

ComMP Ass.

Direction of

Time of
resultant.

the year. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

variable.
Wo. of days.

70. Jonkoping.

|

Spring 384 46 U} ) 35/163) 80} 646)N. ai Newt Bice
Summer | 261) 30 é 3% 96 44/101 730\S. alls N. 413 W.}.
Autumn | 173) 38 j | 58} ‘ f 21/104) 33) 642)S. a N. 623 W.
Winter 211) 32 j fe j 2 27/127 449/S. 56 alle IN. 71 W.|.
The year |1029 146) 2 127/495 |222) 2467

71. Carlstad.

Spring 156
Summer 77
Autumn 118
Winter 129}
The:year't)| =.

Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year! | ...

iA nn

Om eR -Trb
Anwmawon

73. Carlshamn.

|

Spring 117) 42 131)107 130) 61) 56
Summer 74| 14) 62) 63/125) 81) ; : | 68
Autumn 80 33 {104) 62163) 67) 33) 25 38
Winter 119) 76 93| 49/118] 86 57\114| 60
The year | 390165 490/281 536 295 3 | 222,

| |

74. Askersund.

|
Spring 160| 55] 183| 60124) 41/109) 45) 166| 44 5) 25 22) 349 N. 9 05 [N.48 E.
Summer | 101) 34) 95) 35.125] 50) 96| 45) 205] 5: 34) 388 12) 397\S. 61 .|.20 |S. 524 W.|.
Autumn | 93] 41) 123 26/120) 40/118) 50) 205 | 31s 29) 5198. 53 ‘le |g. 22° w.
| Winter | 149 56) 125) 42, 95) 26103 42, 158 2 24 437. 82 aig iN. 43 wil.
i The year | 503186) 526163 464157426182 734 26 8017028. 69

75. Orebro.

Spring 304 247) 27/101 460 : 18} 492/N.
Summer | 169} 154] 12)137 ; 598| i 6] 569'S.
Autumn 7| 33] 177] 13] 99 521| 22 ! 8) 5688.
Winter 4 36) 200) 10)105 674| 10) 4381/8.
The year | 904 778| 62\442 j 2253| 379} 32) 42)2060/S.

75 combined.

Spring 34/116) 430| 87 225) 55/201) 52) 297) 75) 518) 51 3a| 66/199) 40) 841)N.42
f Summer 70) G4) 249) 47/262) 71|191| 60) 347118) 757) 94) 462) 85)166) 18) 966.S. 46
f Autumn 80] 74) 300] 39/219] 62/239) 66) 363120] 698| 83] 410] 62/171| 30/1087/S. 42
f Winter 92) 325) 52/200, 44/210) 50) 306 85) 825) 79| 392) 63143] 34) 868\S. 59
The year /1407/346)1304/ 225 906 232)/841/228)1313 398 2798|307\1605 276 679|122 3762'S. 54

| | | | |

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 7. LAT. 55° TO 60° N. 129

(Nos. 64 to 90.) Southern Sweden.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE ; Monsoon
Compass. influences.

Direction of

Time of the resultant, Direction.

year.

variable.
to sum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

Calm or
| Number of days,

77. Skara.

Spring 186| 10 j 429|N.14°39/ W.).
Summer | 149) 11 406| ! 393|N.76 12 W.|.
Autumn | 196 3] 6 542|N.52 49 W.|.
Winter | 100| 19 | 556\N.48 48 W.|.
Dheryear|>... | <-.| ... || -.- oo0||) s60]) G06 c08|} "B50 | Yos5})' 080) I oaal i bo .| .. |N.48 44 W.).

78. Linkoping.

Spring 138 | 166)N.41 .|-103 |N. 503 E. |.174
Summer | 149) 36 | 173)5. 86 ale -78 W.}.08

Autumn 105 fe - f 11) 226/S. 69 .|.20 |S. 17 E. |.04

Winter 63 j : 225/85. 66 .|.284 |S. 362 W.!.10

Tig) SEE! |) Sao |] cool] coo |} csall “coal Gehl] “oo8l}) Gaal! cco. |P foocl |” Go ee oc4l| coal ceo | Soe

79. Nos. 77

|
Spring 324 | | R alls .36 E.
Summer | 298 | j 0 allo 5.79 W.}.112
Autumn | 301 é 3] 34 : ale . 864 E. |.043
Winter 163 5 2 . 86 allo o WIL IPG Nd
The year! | ... | ... O os0|| coal] ons aca a 23|]_ 005 a

80. Kalmar.

Spring \131
Summer 5/125
Autumn 67
Winter iy) hil
The year 414

81. Westervik.

Spring 43 5 | 36,167
Summer 27 5 80; 203)
Autumn 36 } | 51/167
Wiuter p - 61 214
ee SHOE || Goo Th pos]! aos |] Sal Geel e5e]) coal]! deol)! cao Hl) coll seo 50 ééal) ood

82. Ny

Spring 245 9} 37! 114
Summer 295 3 68) 112
Autumn 204 149) 103
Winter 155) 86 134 4% \127
The year! | ... | ...| .. cool} onal) coo Gaol) coo. |} cos]! 60 too

83. Westeras.

Spring 315 118 159 76 115| 266)
Summer 232 108 192 112 95) 196)S.£
Autumn | 276 j 108 201) 178 | 97) 304
Winter 252! 6 89 162)129| 130 109| 324
WM FEB | cco |] ceo|} eos || cal b “Saa)| See]! cos]| onal} co soo|| dec! Il) cenlp cea || ecel | apal; Heal) co

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

17 September, 1874,

13 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

0
(Nos. 64 to 90.) Southern Sweden.— Continued.
ror Monsoon
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT PoINTS OF THE COMPASS. as influences. e
ot I
F © | Direction of | - © 3}
Ruse oti at = 2 ee = 3 B ; = be resultant. 38 Direction. x 8
flelale|¢lelala| S/a| | 4) 8) 4) e alge Bo z| &
Silelela| Bla] ola] @lal| a| EF] EF] Ee | a lajo fe || =
84. Upsal. =
| Spring | 812 24) 575. 12 217| 3/169} 3) 377) 12) 397) 11 204) 6 | 229 14) 246'N. 8°38’ BE. |.19 |N.50° E. |.10. ;
| Summer | 760 28| 450| 15) 289) 24! 183] 20) 344; 34) 387; 18 | 268) 10 | 270) 25) 186/N. 1 7 E. |.154 N.59 E. |.07% ‘
f Autumn | 645 8 369) 8} 213) 12) 122) 18) 406) 63; 434) 36 340] 26 | 305| 39) 248)N.52 21 W.|.14 |S. 64 W.|.06
| Winter | 611] 11| 357} 12) 156] 16) 121| 19) 406} 42) 619, 32 314} 11 | 305) 17 202,N.77 35 W.|.16 S. 494 W.|.123
# The year 2828) 71 1751) 47| 875, 55) 595 60 1533/151 1837) 97 |1126) 53 |1109] 95) 882\N.26 26 W.).13
| | | |
| | | ‘ | |
85. Stockholm (1862 to 1366).
| => 1 }
| Spring 123] 64) 55)145) 37 | 64) 27! 93! 94) 98] 65) 208] 64; 63) 26) 82) 71/S.65 44 W.|.08 |N.514 E. |.123
| Summer 111| 58| 27\119| 15 | 80| 21! 93) 125) 94] 86] 276} 39) 73) 17] 77) 71/S.51 O W.|.194|S. 454 E. |.02
Autumn 65) 38| 25] 69] 23 | 67) 38] 85| 120/128] 94 250) 62) 90) 30/102) 89/S.51 42 W.|.28 |S. 384 W.|.09
| Winter 61| 67) 41| 59] 17 | 62| 30} 63! 87|102) 123) 246) 95) 114) 33] 67) 86)S.66 17 W.|.24 |N.80 W.|.06
} The year | 360/227| 148/392) 92 273) 116/334! 426/422) 368) 980} 260) 340) 106/328) 317/S.58 18 W.}.21
86. Stockholm (date not known).
i The see |) I |) cool) IO) col] a) ool) crap J |) ce CV aoe |) eA Bea Qh Feen| een | N= GO eA VVio| LO | itenstee «» (1461
| | | |
87. Nos. 83, 84 and 85 combined.
H eae 7a) | l ] | | ] ) ) 1
S Spring '1250 207) 707198 302124) 314193) one 2 621) 3321 344) 113) 315/211) 583)N. 8 57 W.).10 |N. 494 E. |.11
Summer 1103)163) 534/172) 364166) 312/221 654 222) 665) 486) 419 129) 344/197) 453|N.69 5 W.|.07 |S. 86 E. |.038
} Autumn 985) 98 470 116) 300140) 268)181, 721/295) 729) 447) 580) 163) 461/238) 641/S.88 23 W..15 |S. 59 W.).06
Winter 924/140) 463/107) 211/168) 240/148) 618/264) 904) 407) 539) 185) 411193) 612/S. 86 37 W.'.17 |S. 61 W.|.08
The year |4263)608|2174,593)1177|598 1134/743/2609 peace Cte 1882) 590)1531/839)2289|N.74 30 W.).103
| [ee oa
88. Wisby.
7 7 jl ; i ; 7
| Spring 118, 75) 192! 78 110) 88) 155 65 115) 78) 186) 134) 144) 57 | 132) 48) 154)S.27 12 W.|.033 |N.68 E. |.104
! Summer 108} 67! 154) 42) 78) 63) 137, 67) 122) 87| 226) 172) 228) 74 | 163) 53) 181'S.70 40 W.|.184|N. 84 W.|.07
} Autumn 103) 47| 125) 88) 103) 88) 197 108) 187 105) 202| 167) 209) 94 | 202) 66) 1098.44 15 W.|.16 |S. 4 W.|.05
) Winter 91) 59} 111! 81; 98) 91) 168) 79) 128) 79} 189, 148 199) 99 | 187| 77| '79\S.63 39 W.).14 N. 713 W.|.02
The year! | ... |'...| ... | Biles: 1 Ri | Feet | Zeoh[hedessllt cet. eetal|| ees eeeall SN Sam OMWA NLS |
| | | |
89. S. W. Sweden.?
| el | [fone an eee | ee [Se eae
# Spring 504,369) 860392 685 347 309/221) 611/559) 708, 330) 794) 300 441/273,1651'S.72 9 W.|.01 |N.31 E. |.11
Summer 405/311) 417/209 375 266, 303/327, 731/907, 996 556/1172) 448 463/25611948.57 5 W..|.253 |S. 744 W.|.16
Autumn 396|226| 528 305) 692/391 473 367) 761 636) 975, 389) 705) 202) 342/193/1534S. 6 16 W.|.15 |S. 424 E. |.08
Winter 458/247) 609/253) 709/317 425/295) 694/536 927 425) 575) 230) 354/24919038.13 55 W.|.093 |N. 844 E. 043
he ssyear ||) aes, |)kecd hveses ilfieeel| iors Hil becuse Ileal cece: ||iiceel|p feectalitevtnl|pecece || ceremel wesvulll eee Renn Seto Cm amv VTL
| | | | | f
90. S. E. Sweden.
| | | les ae )
Spring 2554) 761/2403 649|1618|/562)1282 538|1636/767|1856 720/1869| 540 1519 674)3799 N. 4 50 W.|.064 |N.52 E. |.13 ‘
Summer |2121)547/1554)451)1552/563)1424 693 1960 958 2731/1201/2955) 733 1706 5963268 S. 71 8 W.|.143 |S. 43 W.|.044
Autumn = |2055/440/1572 439/1332)530/13865 648 19379512836 1010 2517) 562 1640 628)4356'S. 65 59 W.).123|S. 13 W.).04
Winter /1998|598)1607 374)1041)/421 1064 583 1639 857 2967, 1020|2537| 687 1680,708)3805|S. 82 35 W.|.164
hel y.car!s fey || eee ces ees eset era peeee Here (Pe eo ea tel elitr lone | ...| «- |S. 82) 50 W-|. 104

‘ Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
? Carlstadt, Cronberg, Goteburg, Halmstad, Lund, and Wenersborg.
3 Askersund, Carlshamn, Kalmar, Linkoping, Nykoping, Orebro, Skara, Stockholm, Upsal, Westeras, Westervik, and Wexio.

SERIES B. ZONE 7. LA. 55° TO 60° N. 131

(Nos. 91 to 126.) Russia.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Avandus, on the estate of Admiral Von Liitke, and under his direction, from November, 1857, to
October, 1860, inclusive.

Balachna, by Mr. Borissoff, during the years 1857, 1865 and 1866.

Baltischport, during the year 1857.

Cronstadt, during December, 1852, nine months of 1853, and nine months of 1857.

Dorpat, during the years 1842, 1855, 1856, 1857 (except December) and 1859.

Fellin, for 22 years, 1824 to 1846, quoted by Wesselowski from the correspondence of the Society
of Natural Sciences at Riga.

Glasof, by Mr. Mischkin, during the years 1865 and 1866.

Gorbatov, during the year.1857.

Gryasovez, during the years 1835 and 1839, quoted by Wesselowski from a work of Danilewski
on the climate of the Vologdian regions.

Ichak, during the years 1853 and 1857, by Mr. Gromoff.

Kazan, for one year (date not preserved).

Kosmodemiansk, by Mr. Gromoff, during the years 1865 and 1866.

Kostroma, during the year 1857.

Libau, by Mr. Lesseff, from December, 1864, to November, 1865, inclusive.

Mitau, during the year 1853.

Moscow. ‘Three series of observations are given for this place. The first was made by Perwosch-
tschikof for 20 years, from 1810 to 1812, and from 1820 to 1836, both inclusive ; but Wesselowski,
‘rom whose work the series is transcribed, expresses doubts as to the reliability of the results. The
second series was made by Spasski for five years, from October, 1839, to September, 1844, inclusive,
and published in his work on the climate of Moscow. The third series embraces also a period of
five years, neither the date of which nor the name of the observer is preserved.

Nijniz Novogorod, by A. 8. Saveliew, at the Gymnasium, for twelve years, 1837 to 1848 inclusive.

Nin Taguilsk. The first series, embracing a period of nine years, 1843 to 1851, inclusive, was
originally recorded for sixteen points of the compass, but was reduced to eight points by Wesselow-
ski, from whose work the series is transcribed, by distributing those for intermediate points equally
between the two adjacent ones, 7. e., by putting } N.N.W.+N.+4N.N. E.—North, ete. The
second series is added chiefly for the purpose of showing the relative number of calms, as indicated
by the observations for the seasons of the year 1853, and for the years 1848 and 1849 in the aggre-
gate.

Novogorod, by Lesnewski, during the years 1852, 1853, 1854, 1855 and 1857.

Pakerort Lighthouse, during the year 1866, by Orloff.

Reval, by Sheferdeker, for 33 years, 1815 to 1848. For the first seven years they were made on
the estates of the parish of St. Catherine, and for the remaining years within the city of Reval.
By combining with the foregoing the observations for the year 1853, and nine months of 1857, and
assuming that the proportion of calms for the former series, where no record of them is given by
Wesselowski, from whose work the series is copied, was the same relatively as in the two latter
years, of which we have the record, a second series of results for the seasons and year has been
obtained.

Riga, by Dr. Leters, for a period of seven years, from 1842 to 1848, inclusive. The second series
is obtained by combining with the foregoing the observations for the year 1853, and three months
of 1850.

St. Petersburg. The first series embraces observations for a period of 23 years, viz., for 13 years
(1822 to 1834 inclusive), by Wischnewski, at 7 A. M.,2 P.M. and 9 P. M.; and for 10 years (1841
to 1850 inclusive), hourly at the Observatory of the Institute of Mining Engineers. The second
series gives the results for the several hours of the day for the ten years last mentioned, and includes
calms, which are omitted in the first series. The third series gives the results for the years 1830,
1831 and 1832, and from July, 1835, to June, 1837, inclusive, computed from hourly observations,
and includes calms. The fourth series embraces the third together with the year 1857. ‘To these
are appended results for the years 1783 and 1818, and for 20 years of unknown date; also a table

132 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 91 to 126.) Russia.— Continued.

prepared by Mr. Wesselowski to show how the mean direction of the wind at 7 o’clock A.M., 2 P.M.
and 9 P. M. differs from that for the entire 24 hours of the day in the different months of the year.

Slobodsk, during the years 1857, 1865 and 1866, by Mr. Koroboff.

Syevernaja Utschebnaja-Ferma (Northern Agricultural School), for a period of nine years, 1847
to 1855 inclusive.

Totma, from May, 1848, to December, 1850, inclusive, quoted by Wesselowski from Danilewski,
as above.

Tschermoski, District of Perm, 1865, 1866 and 1867, by Dr. Goworliwi.

Viatka, during the year 1857.

Vladimir, by Dubenski, for a period of nineteen years, from 1832 to 1850 inclusive, quoted by
Wesselowski. .

Vologda. The first series embraces a period of 34 years, 1844 to 1847, quoted by Wesselowski
from Danilewski. The second for the summer and autumn of 1850 is added for the purpose of show-
ing the relative number of calms, of which there is no record in the first series. The third is com-
puted from the first and second, due allowance being made for calms.

Zlatouste. The first series embraces a period of four years, from December, 1849, to November,
1853, inclusive. The second is derived from observations made in the years 1837, 1850, 1853 and
1857, and iucludes calms. The third is a combination of the other two, due allowance being made
for calms.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT Pornts OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place of Time of the)
observation, year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

W. or be-
variable.

E. or be-
Ratio of resultant

tween 8S. & E.
tween N.& W.

S. W. or be-
tween S. & W.
N.

Ss.
| Number of days.

Tir lapnne ye al
Summer | 22
Autumn 10
Winter 4
The year 53
Spring | 12
Summer ils}
Autumn 16
Winter 20
The year 61
Spring 27
Summer 16
Autumn 6
Winter 2 17
The year 51 y | 40

7
January |1152 ‘ 2627
l

bo
i=)

36° 9) Wiel.
78 39

ae

bop lbs
PT ra A

92,
Pakerort.

CATA Th Un tn tn Mn tn
nA S

ee

.

February |1919 6 1364
March 2442 46 3/1567
April 3905 90) 714)1143) 476|1000)
May 4055 369| 369) 876 345] 829
June 3000} 619) 286| 619) 9¢ 2\1810
July 2673) 369 1014) 783 1198|1751/1290
August |2350| 415) 829/12441751| 829/1382)1198
September|1762) 476) 857/1333/2333| 857|1524| 857 ...
October |1106} 415) 829/2350/3133| 876/1106] 184] ...
November | 762) 381) 952)1571|3667| 714|1429| 524 ...
December |1336| 415 1336|1244 2166/1014|1751| 737
Spring |3467) 388 781/1052/1287| 696) 994
Summer |2674) 468 710) 882)1193| 993/1648
Autumn {|1210) 424 879|/1751/3044) 8161353
Winter /1469) 557 1002/1745 /1990|1042/1634

The year |2205) es al ace 887|1407

aaah argerazahaarda

AUMNRAAAAAANHA MNNAD

ae a,
1842.1 848!

amaaaac

UND AARANNIAAAA ANN DM th thay tn
2 ae

' Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns.

SERIES B. ZONE 7% LAT. 55° TO 60° N.

(Nos. 91 to 126.)

Place of
observation.

95. Riga,
1842 to
1848, 1850,
and 1853.

96. Mitau
and Riga
ombined.!

97.
Baltisch-
port.

ch
2)
bs
Co)
al

°
a=)
1
oa
ice)
al

98. Reval.

SFO oO TOO eee T_T

1815 to 1848,
1853 & 1857.

99.
Fellin.

100.
Avandus.

102.
Cronstadt.

———— a jo

Time of
the year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The years

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The years

The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’

Russia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

p=)
Ss
be
(4

23788

179

665
728
883
1547
1523
1188
1194
1047
1093
966
881
949
1318
1143
980
781
1055

4221
3697
3124
2418

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.

1143
1288
1686
2211
1757
1760
1305
990
601
735
738
1728
1607
775
939
1262

5693
5106
2474
2905

192

489
331
461
273

3/1554)

262
190
126
155
822

62
33
20
21

5421
|A764
6551
7041

2690
1620
1892
2489

1370

726
562
534
305
2127

274
144
159
162
840

85
57
68
57

S. E. or be
tween 8. & E.

8663
6870
15756
13818

9574
8469
24369
15893

255}

1517
1799
1243
1074
614
375
517

852

1563)
1636
1796
977
581
1509

1193

1327) 2

1704) 2

N. W, or be-
tween N. & W.

E
z
6590|10878
11594|11412
10498

11404

1106
1206
1316
1014
933
735
1102
966
1209
894
1073
1035

Calm or
variable.

Annnh A Hunar NnnAANNnNNAAAAANMM MMM AA

Direction of
resultant.

DnnAA OMA

. 42
. 67
30
54
66

.3l
- 75
37
32
. 23

48428 4 484353

444354

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

PR AA

Monsoon
influences,

Direction.

FAA

Wn TAA TA

AWA A

BA A

133

Number of days.

276
276
273
271
1096

368
307
364
507
1761

153
154
182
180 }
669

1! Giving to the observations at each place a weight proportional to the length of time covered by them respectively.

2 Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns.

making a due allowance for calms, as indicated by the observations in 1853 and 1857.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

His ratios of resultants have been modified by

134 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 91 to 126.) Russia.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE re Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Aa influences. ;
= ; zs a
a ej B B Fa 3
Place of | Time of the o4 22 ga $3 g| Directionof |*S| S
observation. year. | pez 2a Bon 5 | a | resultant, ‘Sg | Direction. | z
a\°a a (Sos Ele sae rg “a | oe | 23 3 | 4
= (A3| = las] S| ES | & ES | as | 29 Pale
Panta || (eh tel ca | cls | [Es is Ss a |
| January | 369 1066|1054 1905 1446 2090)1667| 403) S. 5°35! W.|.26
| February | 479 1105) 842)1537|1687) 2413/1710) 227) ... S. 15 54 W.|.31
= | March 713|1514] 750|1609)1496) 1991/1585| 341| ... S. 8 0 W.|.19
S | April 808/2047|1178|1202)1231) 1545/1624) 364] ... |S. 36 47 E. |.073
° May 814 2424! 856| 860] 752} 1317/2585) 391| ... |N. 50 54 W.|.07
ea | June 728/1834| 961] 771| 660) 1573]2933| 541 N. 86 51 W.).15
x | July 624|2047| 918! 846] 739} 1947/2492 387 8. 72 48 W.|.113
4 | August 368 /1493|1167|1489 1153) 1850|2109) 371 S. 12 42 w.|}.165
% 4) Sept’mber | 7131433) $23|1345 1347) 2115|1566) 658 S. 24 55 W.|.16
& October | 601) 922} 614/1623)1877| 2508/1149] 706 S. 18 20 W.|.303
< November | 526| 934] 718/1582)/2055| 2558/1097] 530 S. 12 54 W.|.33
eS December | 392) 786] 977/1830/2058) 2064/1366) 527 8S. 6 6 W.|.32
ce Spring 778/1995| 928]1224/1159| 1618/1932) 365 S. 10 57 W.|.07
a Summer | 573)1791)1015|1035) 851) 1790/2511) 433 5. 56 57 W.).12
a Autumn | 613 1096) 718|15171760| 2394/1271) 631 S. 17 27 W.|-253
| Winter 414) 986] 958|1757/1730| 2188/1581) 386] ... |S. 9 12 w.|.29
The year | 5941467) 904/1383/1375| 1998/1824) 454) ... |S. 19 35 W.|-174
(| Noon 6041172) 755/1545|1205| 1205/1957| 494/1064|S. 19 48 w.|.144
1 P.M. | 617/1238] 659]1600/1106] 1199/2135] 513) 933|/S. 29 22 w.|.14
2 6 620/1260] 659/1600)1081) 1177/2195) 530) 878|/S. 32 19 W.|.133
g « 6201314} 634/1556 1059) 1133/2179) 560) 944/s. 35 32 W.|-123
4 « 571|1325] 631/1578/1026| 1084/2171) 582)1032|/S. 34 26 w.|.12
5 « 579|1364| 636/1529| 958) 1037|2097| 557/1243/S. 33 35 w.]|.10
6 « 563 1400] 667/1509) 925) 1010|1965| 579/1383/S. 26 49 w.|.084
; ie & 557/1342) 689|1493) §86| 1024/1808) 571|1630|S. 18 28 w.|.08
B Boe 491/1303] 719]1479| 895} 1013/1638) 527/1935/S. 3 16 W.|-084
2 9 « 458 1232! 724/1443) 867] 1048/1380) 502/2344|S. 7 59 E. |.094
Ail) 10 4121161] 741/1419| 840| 1076/1240) 475/2637|\S. 12 8 BE. |.104
5 ae ih 417 1092) 727|1386) 851) 1065/1136) 461/2865|S. 13 37 E, |.11
(= = Midnight | 384|1092) 744)1347) 859) 1114/1089] 439/2931/S. 13 44 E, |.12
o ra 1 A.M. | 3871040) 746/1347) 870) 1117/1048] 442/3002|S. 13 21 B,. |.12 |
2 2B Q « 395|1026] 755/1367| 859} 1166)1054) 442/2936/S. 11 42 H, |.123
ies 2 3 403 1010] 7741375) 889) 115511035} 4502909|S. 13 0 #, |.124
tal as] 4 « 436/1024] 777/1383] 917| 1207)1057) 491.2709|S. 9 56 HB. |.124
es i 469|/1035| 826/1432| 928) 1221/1059) 516'2514|S. 12 43 H, |.124
iS 6 « 508/1081} 804/1468] 988] 1265/1089) 510 2286/S. 11 21 &, |.13
a 5381136] 804/1550/1010) 1238/1202) 5381984|S. 10 48 &, |.13
BG 554/1158] 812/1556/1054) 1232/1336] 524/1773/S. 6 33 E, |.13
aac’ 552|1180| 818/1548/1054| 1298/1468) 524/1559/S. 0 42 E, |.13
10 “ 549/1199] 785/1611/1109| 1262/1671] 502/1312/S. 6 21 H, |.14
LT 563|1188) 782)1600/1153) 1240/1808) 513/1153/S, 11 28 W.|.14
re January | 137| 397| 91} 353) 503| 1163| 609/ 130) 334/S. 40 16 W./.38 | _ ......
SS February | 140) 348} 155) 661] 470} 1033] 472) 50| 85|/S. 16 48 w.|.38
8 March 74| 595] 222) 629] 708} 925] 300] 27| 240/S. 5 03 B.|.35 ] ......
© April 43] 784] 350) 462) 394) 867| 334) 9] 357/S. 20 49 EB. |.22 | ......
om May 226| 954] 209] 267) 215) 739] 623) 161] 326/S. 65 49 W.|.06 | ......
= June 146] 980) 312) 234) 263) 537] 728) 99] 298/S. 4 7 W.|.03
w July 276| 628] 218] 330| 271) 859] 742| 149) 247|/S. 62 54 W.|-17
= August 167| 671) 252) 399} 308] 700) 609| 174] 440/S. 34 23 W.|.102] ......
oc, September] 282) 637| 260) 267| 432) 801) 473) 112) 336/S. 30 17 W.|.12
& October | 200] 398] 383) 552) 594) 1057] 266) 99) 171|S. 1 52 W.|.32
4 November | 192) 416] 404) 599| 786| 710) 160] 114) 219/S. 18 19 EB. |.85 | ......
ae December | 106] 405] 298] 426'1052) 595) 343) 195| 294/S. 1 13 W.|.3833| ......
g2° . (|) Spring 631/2606) 916)/1600 1540) 2735|1645) 334/1031/S. 2 16 E. |.14 | N. 694°. |.08
ricis || Summer | $31/2693/ 929/1047) 877] 2198/2880] 598|1192/S. 89 24 W.|.10 | N. 103 W.|.163
= )| Autumn | 848/1550/1184)1586/1990| 2951/1442) 486|1067|S. 9 12 W.|.23 |S. 292 E. |.06
Ss 5 | | Winter 443/1385| 627/1589/2155| 3367/1949] 439/1043|S. 25 56 W.|.34 30 W.|.15
ma (| The year |2753/8234/3656|5822 6562)11251)7916/1857|4333/S. 22 19 W.|.18 | ......
1818 The year | 27] 36) 51} 24] 34) 32) 124) 29) 15/S. 85 21 W.|.19 | .....
zs ete f
i)
2 o8 The year | 852| 772) 961) 680) 835) 905/1292/1009 Ree BO AEE {> ceson
Seg
l 1783 The year | 39] 21| 55) 24) 71) 18] 80) 40) ... |S. 61 29 W.|.11 | ......

! Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns. His ratios of the resultants have been modi-
fied by making a due allowance for calins.

Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns.

SERIES B. ZONE 7. LAT. 55° TO 60° N. 135
(Nos. 91 to 126.) Russia.— Continued.
St. Petersburg. January. February. j March. April. May. June. July.
7 A.M., 2 P.M., 9 P.M.|S. 12°13’ H. |S. 2° 30/ W./S. 45°54’ B. |N.60°20/ KE. |N.29°30/ W.|N.85°52/ W.|N.67°37! W.
| Hourly 8.12 20 HE. |S.1 22 W.|S. 47 33 E. |N.64 19 E. |N.24 26 W.|N.87 45 W.N.73 3 W.
Difference 07 tins 1 39 3 59 Ps iiss) pee
St. Petersburg. August. September. October. November. December. The year.
| 7 A.M., 2 P.M., 9 P.M.|S. 12°53’ W.|S.6° 5/ W./S.6°31/ HE. |S.4° 5/ W.ls. 13°10/ E. Is. 6° 42’ W.
f Hourly 8. 8 22 W.|S. 6 6 W.|S.8 17 E. |S.0 32 W.|S.13 1 E. 8.4 35 W.
Difference 4 31 01 1 46 3 33 OO | @ y
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ed influences.
a a
: E | ae 2
A A A= > | fe ie &
Place of Time of 23 3a $2 52/ §| Directionof | 25) %
observation. the year. Be a, By} Be. | ua resultant. “aie Direction, 5
ajloig (Leh & oe) 2 lee Se oo” é 2
BAS) = jae) 5 PS) 2 jes) se =2 Bye
Z|z2| a l|nt| a loe| 2 |ze/5 fe = | 2
104 Spring 655|1659) 902/1003) 895)1314/1598 312) 899) S. 4°19/H. |.05 |N. 38° R. |.12 | 2821)
Nos. 102 Summer | 5956/1465) 871) 735) 677/1421)2254) 420 871) S. 74 37 W. |.12 |N. 274 W.|.13 | 2822
ae 103 Autumn 608} 884] 765 1182/1522 2000/1190) 517 807/ S. 18 54 W. |.24 |S. 134 W.|.08 | 2821)
ae 4. | | Winter 326] 803] 800/1333/1429/1805/1192| 307, 669| S. 8 27 W.|.30 |S. 14 E. |.14 | 2797
comome- | PThe year |2211/4868|3444)4301/4628 |6590|6438|1618 3261| S. 21 31 W. |.164| _ ...... .. {11974
Spring 91] 60) 47] 33) 136) 59/108} 86) ... |S. 86 1 W./.16 IN. 63 W.!.08 460)
105 f Summer 135] 66) 48] 31) 124) 37) 112) 83) ... | N. 49 37 Ww. 1.16 IN. 173K. |.194] 460
N ‘ d.3 Autumn 58| 39) 34) 33] 171) 91) 96) 62) ... |S. 42 3 Ww. |.31 |S. 225 W.).144| 455)
P Ovogoroc’ | | Winter 45) 41) 50) 46) 150) 86) 59} 69) ... |S. 25 20 W. |.25 'S. 174M. |.134| 451
The year | 326] 206] 179) 143] 581] 273] 375) 300 Se 5G) WS We Noll I onones | ... | 1826
Spring 9} 10, 19) 32) 28) 28) 28) 11) 111) S. 8 26 W.?|.17 |S. 35 E. |/.223 92)
106 Summer 29) 27) 8/2) «(7 «16; 17) 34) 136) N. 24 52 W.?/.20L/N. 19 E. !.08t| 92]
Wit 3 Autumn 16) 22 7 5 2) 47) 37) 43) 94) N. 72 43 W.?/.28 |N. 823 W.!.134 91
menewo- | | Winter 10} 11) 8) 13) 15) 32) 41) 24) 116) N. 87 52 W.?/.21 |S. 80 W.|.054) 90
The year 64) 70) 42) 52) 52) 123) 123) 112) 457| N. 83 59 W.|.15 | ...... leet 365]
(| January 1090} 654) 974/1017/1425|1948|1628)1264 S. 58 20 W. |.203 |S. 421 W.).074| 620
= February |1088] 737| 905|/1608/1072/1357|2027|1206 S. 61 1 W. |.25 |S. 534 W.!.104| 566
= March 856] 650] 966/1648]}2060|1395)1141|1284 S. 12 36 W. |.202)S. 32 E. |.164] 620
cy April 1015] 785)1277|1492/1508/1431|1215|1277 S. 12 26 W. |.11 |S. 662 EH) |.12 600)
}° May 15061260) 766) 896/1286/1052/1662)1572 N. 55 27 W.|.15 |N. 345. 144 620}
Ss June 1401/1228} 911}) 845)1229 1533/1519 1334 N. 75 32 W. |.12 |N. 103 E. 1.09 600
SJ July 1402)1000} 948) 9'74/1221)1675|1377/1403 N. 73 39 W. .124|N. 7 E. |.092 620
q August 1466) 871) 972) 973)1161|/1480)1597|1480| ... | N. 80 39 Ww. 145 N. 8 W...08 620)
fac September /1348)1092/1027/1011/13481268)1429/1477/ ... | N. 76 31 W. .09 |N. 281 B. |.09 600
s October |1168) 558) 744)1083/1591/2081/1743)1032) . S. 64 9 W.|.12 |N. 79 E. |.024} 620
E wv November} 916} 486} 601/1030|1788|1903/2046]1230 S. 56 12 W. |.51 iS. 473 W. 17 600
g | % December | 931) 886|1049) 960}1403)1418/1861/1492 S. 73 13 W. |.163\N. 664 W.'.024] 620
BS Spring /1126) 898)1003/1345/1618|1293)1339|1378 S. 40 27 W.|.10 |S. 7525. |.07 | 1840
= = Summer {1423/1033} 944) 931]1204/1563/1498]/1406] ... | N. 81 50 W. |.13 IN. 33. 074 1840)
= | ot Autumn /1144) 712) 791/1041|1576 1751/1739 1246] ... |S. 60 49 W. |.21 iS. 483 W..064) 1820
Ss Winter 1036) 759) 976)/1195)1300|1574 1839/1321] ... | S. 63 52 W. |.17 |S. 48 W.'.024| 1806
The year {1182} 851) 928]1128)1424/1545/1604]1338 8S. 66 4 W.|.14¢| ...... .. | 7306)
= [ Spring 137) 83] 54) 155} 153) 149) 109] 161 S. 61 0 W.|.12 |N. 11 E. |.05 460
ca) Summer 113) 97] 69) 117) 133) 169) 125] 177] ... |S. 79 © W.|.15 IN. 234 W. .084| 460
I Autumn 84) 121) 40) 140) 196) 192) 112) 114) ... |S. 30 0 W.|.21 |S. 64E. .08 455
% Winter 67) 91) 64] 176) 173) 171) 112] 147 S. 25 0 W. |.20 |S. 20 E |.084 45
qo (| The year | 103) 98) 57] 145] 162) 169) 115] 151 Sb 24 WO Wyo HERS) © secon -.. | 1827
5 years of
{ uncertain | 256) 358) 816] 367| 549) 383) 541] 333 No Wit) BB) Wo KOPN eadece 1826)
date

136 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

r

(Nos. 91 to 126.) Russia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. the year. Direction.

tween N.& E.

tween N.& W.
variable,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

N. W. or be-
| (0)

N.E. or be-
alm or

gricultural School). |

|

January | 505) 264 481 1106 146212741995
February | 568 1000 1068/2295 3455) 545) 955
March | 3261333) 652)1837 1393|2252\1037|1170
April 853 1455) 8361522, 736 2374/1204 1020
May 920 1644 965| 965|2489| 860|1403
June 6041305) 473] 865) 669|2871)1550/1663
July 723 2202) 852| 884) 660/1929/1045/1704
August 673) 943] 623) 657 1111/3350/1330)1313
September| 825) 876| 303] 724 1363]2912)1178/1818
October | 197) 803 636|1667|3303|1712)1303
November | 465| 881] 433] 993 1106/3654/1442/1026
December | 516) 300) 300) 733 1167/3683/1933)1367
Spring 700)1477| 747|1441|1031|2372 1034/1198
Summer | 667/1483] 649] 802) 813/2717,1308|1560
Autumn 496) 853) 372) 784/1379|/3290 1444/1382
Winter 530] 521| 242) 761|1523/3733 1251/1439
The year | 5981084) 503] 947/1186|3028 1259/1395

. 64° 49/ W.|.
26 W.).

27 W.|.223

5 56 W.|).

48 W.|.

34

J.24 | 279

. [19 | 254

. 194) 279

" \'19"! a70

" [li9, 279

117 | 270

"302 279

i 979

270

279

270

279

i g9g
828 |

4) 819

i 3812

3287

ja.!

Syeverna

108.

Ferma (North A
ANNNRNMNNMAM'ANInnmn nm
CTA A UN Cae

Spring 1155/1046) 968/2058) 847)1807| 633)1487
Summer |1312/12801193}1030|)1085)1595 1040|1465
Autumn |1172)1207| 580)1240| 827|/2526)/1040/1408
| Winter 719) 627) 918)2154/1118/1745 1473/1246) ...
The year |10841032) 918)1635) 971/1910 1049/1401) ...

1844-1847
nA A

Jly& Aug.| 10] 0] 3] 26 24) 24) 8
Autamn | 12] 2] ail 34! 33] 45] 8

ioe)

109. Wologda.

| Summer
Autumn
The year

S
re)
ea
ei
oo
=]
uo)
a
i]

comb’d

— —— aw pe

443

D
~
A
°
5
=

Spring 102 33} 221 3] 211) 68] 88! ...
Summer 127 64) 165 3] 144] 122) 153} ...
Autumu 86] 136) 62) 173 8} 259) 90) 116
Winter 74 46) 169 3) 296) 66) 96) orn
The year 97 52| 182 228] 86) 113) ...

Q
I
|
PS)
nm
°o
4
oO
Ran A

January |1548 774) 742 1548/2097) 871) ...
February |1295 540) 863)2482)1295 2014/1259] ...
March 754 573 1338 1783) 1815|1433
April 1456 615 1100)1618/1100 1974/1360
May 1473 538) 737/1303/1332 2096/1841
| June 1346 459) 612 1835|2660)1560
July 1457 628) 886/1200/1200)/ 2943/1200

1 | August 2089 565) 989) 989/1102/2062 1412) ...
Wilndinnie September 1495 36} 405, 717 1153 1464 2554 1246, 20
“|| October (1094 947 608/2097/1702 2036 1307
November |1029 322) 932/2315)21221961, 997) ...
| December |1568 490)1144)2157 1046 2288) 948) ...
| Spring 1231 575 1058/1579 1405)1962)1545) ...
Summer /|1631 551| 829 1035 1379 2555 1391
| Autumn /1206 425) 752|1855/1763/2184/1183) ...
Winter {1470 601) 916)2170,1296 2133 1026) ...
The year (1385 538) 889/1660,1461/2208)1286

ZAPOMAaAaaaLun

in on

|
Spring 44) | 35) 41] 42) 19) x
112 Summer 80 20} 32) 22) 27
b Autumn 12) 6; 46) 36) 51
| Winter 9} 2) 27} 29| 45) 20
Mheyeare (era .-c-) ilaeosil|Weesstllimese | Kos
|

Kostroma.

Rnnazn Hunan nAAnaAann nw
as4eh S488 4545S5e54S454 3455"

1 Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 7. LAT. 55° TO 60° N. 137

(Nos. 91 to 126.) Russia.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DifFeRENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 2 influences. a
ae >
Place of Time ga 2 g2 53 3 | Direction of | 23 ac}
observation. | of the IZ Par By} be | 2 resultant. ‘5 g | Direction. ©
MERE erie boven ae Sie 4 | Se 3 7g | Os oz o|) 4
2 AS) eae) 5 |B8| 3 | Es ee ee 2 || 2
ete | i | Be | ee pee Be ele is a | A
Spr. 199) 81] 234 42) 115 95) 119) 115) ... |N. 23° 3/ EH. |.134 N.483°H. 23 (215
113 | Sum. 110) 43! 138 63! 150) 142) 263 91) ... |S. 67 13 W.}.23 |S. 56. W. .115 | 1276
AGAR Aut. 160) 95) 116 78| 207 86) 118) 140) ... |N. 4 38 W.|.04 N. 60 EH. |.134 273
> |) Win. 99) 54) 82 73) 160) 210) 173) 149] ... \S. 65 15 W.|.28 5 5.56 W.. “16h 211
L) Year 140} 68) 140 (Soy) LGTL TSS) TN) TIA ees SI ir GOD Viel 1 cco es 1975
(| Spr. 20| 48) 28) 58) 25) 66) 23) 40| GOS. 9 19 E. |.083/N.792 B. |.303| 92
114 | | Sum. 12) 10 0 5 14 46 71) 43) 1678. 89 44 W.|.384 |N.21 W.!.15-| 92
Gorbatov Aut. 20 0 4 ut 21} 105) 123 60) 2658. 74 59 W.).38 |N.624 W..'.09 91
, Win. 8) 16) 14 64, 45) 135 19) 38) 21S, 26 54 W.|.43 |S.21 E. |.26 | 90
Year 60) 74) 46) 181) 105) 352) 236) 181 cae (3) Bf \iYollee!24 4] Gooono | w. [360
Spr. 29} 82) 52 70 29) 257) 300 97; 965. 75 1 W.|.40 |S.544 W. .10
115 | Sum. 72! 128) 25) 100 90) 190) 132) 109) 1668. 70 34 W. 16} |S. 86 E. .15
Baleeha, Aut. 89} 63 7 49 28) 245 88) 254) 178 N. 77 43 W.|.36 |N.21 W. .13
* || Win. 50! 66] 71 60 40} 264) 230) 100) 109S. 72 44 W.|,35 |S.21 W. .06
L| Year 240) 339) 155) 279) 187) 956) 750) 560 ea 81 28 W,}|.31 |
#116. North ¢| Spr. | 2780)2050/1925) 3548) 2780) 3860) 3132) 3407) 1758S. 58 59 W.|.12 |N.84 E. |.06
1 Central ( Sum. | 3354/2282/1994| 2250) 2456| 3547) 4226) 3296) 432,N. 79 9 W.|.163)N. 03 W. .10
H Russia,! Aut. | 2757|2139)1211) 2376] 3130) 5068) 3739) 3221) 3608. 70 26 W.|.23 8.81 W. .053
i longitude | Win. | 24291241/1749, 3465) 3741, 3966) 4106) 2675) 1448. 44 26 W.|.23 S. 13 E. .095
# 40°-45° EB. || Year /11320/7712)6879)11639/12107)16441) 15203)12599 aaah 67 27 W.).17 |
(| Spr. 26) 34 32 48) 136) 155 68 41; 128. 30 11 W.).42 8.40 W. .07
117. Sum. 21 93} 37 55) 45) 125) 104 40} 328. 54 6 W./.18 |N. 5 E. .20
Kosmode- Aut. 11 51| 41 67] 96) 146 78 33) 238. 24 27 W. .d0y S. 48} E. 02
miansk. Win. ly 33) 58 42 138) 179 46 31 68.19 2 W.).47 S. 4$ HE. 1124
L| Year 65 ay 168] 212) 415} 605) 296) 145| 73S. 27 59 W.|.35 | |
|

118. Nijnii Novogorod.
Mr. Wesselowski gives the following as the computed results of ebsenyations made By A. 5. Savelew, at the
Gymnasium in this place, for twelve years, from 1837 to 1848 inclusive, viz. :—
Spring, 5S. 29° W. winter! 5. 20° W.
Summer, 8. 62 W. The year 8S. 44 W.
Autumn, S. 72 W.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences.

2 £3 a
. A fi Erie eee FG 3
Place of _| Time of the od 2 $2 23 2 g | Directionof | 25 %
observation. year. ae Pe nae Be | nS resultant. ws ¢ | Direction. =
i ai | Sta _ (eal 2 12a sfioa] os 3 Fl 3 2
5/48] = /as| S les) & |Fs|ss Zo z| &
A \2f| 8 |wub| a lit} Flee lS a |
Spring 30} 63] 75} 31) 66] 86] 61/ 38] 102Z/S. 9°22’ W.|.09 | N. 354°R. |.09 184
119 Summer 16, 46) 91) 45) 49] G1} 88} 36] 110|/S. 1 26 W.).09 | N. 422 E. |.133| 184
Ich k Autumn 48) 7! 38) 38! 116) 100, 73) 41, 85/8. 37 32 W.|.31 |S. 563 W.).14 | 182
goa. Winter 24, 22) 50! 39} 75} 102) 43) 17) 77|/S. 15 27 W.|.23 |S. 5 EH. |.06 | 180
The year | 118 138 254| 153) 306] 349) 265) 132] 374|S. 22 26 ine eoobe --: | 730

120. r s ‘ A : | 991
Kana { The year | 135) 84 8 204) 176) 170; 14) 71 O|S. 10 18 E. pee coacee - | 365
Spring 15] 16) 55) 15/ 12) 48] 98] 28] 2/S. 81 29 W.|.25 |S. 70 E. |.05 | 92
121 Summer 23) 15) 72) 30; 16) 19) 49) 30 7|N. 78 19 E. |.08 |N.85 E. |.38 92
Viatk Autumn 25 6 7 2 7 43) 100) 34 1|N. 84 10 W.|.64 |N. 76 W.|.35 75
a: Winter 23) 12) 16) 22) 26) 46) 99) 20 6|/S. 74 25 W.)|.41 |S. 5383 W.).13 90
NOS): EEE || cca | cca [cco ff O00 |} one | aan |} 60 |) oon 5. 86 50 W..30 MA ccoene .. | 349

C

1 Last seven places combined. Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

18 September, 1874,

138

(Nos. 91 to 126.)

WINDS OF THE

GLOBE.

Russia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Has _Monsoon
| DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, es | influences. RE
- ea | pal
| | i - A gi lr bala g
| Time of the | ox 338 £3 asl g irection of | £6 546% =
dineeoation, | year, | ae a5 Ba ee |.5 | Tesultant. |. | Direction. =
| | Sah oe. Hees eese leita es eye on g | 4
| & |H8|] = las| B /Ee| & |Es] ee a8 z| &
| 222] & jad] a [ak] Feel | cs & | B
Spring 61| 74} 15] 77] 81] 210] 28] 282) O|N. 83° 32/ W.|.31 | N. 15° W.|.25
Tt Summer | 39] 111] 40! 160] 100] 207] 34| 116] |S. 10 53 W.!.20 | N. 864 E. |.21
122. 4 Autumn | 24) 54} 10| 70| 156] 376] 39] 90| OS. 38 14 W.!.54 | S. 224 W.|.23
Slobodsk. | | Winter 40| 53| 33| 53] 136| 267/ 57| 132; |S. 50 22 w.!.39 |S. 56 W.|.07
[ The year | 164) 292} 98] 3€0| 473/1060| 158| 620, O'S. 49 40 W.!.32 |
( Spring 16] 24] 37| 56] 21/ 152) 92) 107) 47/|S. 71 52 W.|.342| N. 854 W.|.06
5 | Summer 9| 64; 78] 35) 7] 124} 84 118) 36\N. 80 20 W.'.193| N. 27 E. |.16
nat Autumn | 11) 23| 44] 74/ 13] 134) 92| 122) 33/8. 73 49 W.|.31 | N. 54 W.|.04
Glasof. | | winter 4} 25] 17| 86| 37| 162|-72| 59| 78S. 41 43 W.'.37 |S. 7 EB. |.17
The year | 40| 136| 176| 251) 78] 572) 340) 406 194'S. 67 53 W.!.29 |
124, N.E. (| Spring 92} 114| 107} 148] 114] 410) 213] 417) 49/S. 85 21 W.|.30$| N. 20 W.|.123
Russia, Summer | 71] 190) 190) 225] 123] 350) 167| 264) 43/S. 40 33 W.|.11 | N. 72 E. |.194
Ae 121, 4 Autumn 60] 83| 61| 146] 176| 553] 231] 246| 34S. 56 36 W.|.43 |S. 462 W.|.13
122 & 123 || Winter 67| 90| 66] 161| 199] 475) 228) 211! 84'S. 51 51 W.'.38 |S. 22 W.|.093
combined. || The year 290| 477| 424] 680| 612|1788) 8391138 210,58. 60 58 W.'.293
Tee): Tschermoski. (See Addendum at the end of this Zone.)
: EAS 261| 212| 815/2072| 245| 783|1452|4160| ... \N. 66°40’ W.|.27 124
Re February | 384) 73] 658|4223| 366| 219] 804|3272| ... S. 41 58 E. |.10 113
a March 189] 205] 505/2689| 158] 347|2338/3570| ... N. 77 52 W.|.26 | .. 124
x | | April 367 334) 618 2938) 568| 367(1436|3372| ... N.86 2 W.|.113| . 120
3 May 485| 382) 705/1615| 499| 587|1483/4244) ... N.58 39 W.|.324 124
g June 394 486) 455 2322) 774) 546/1578|3445| ... N. 79 26 W. .20 120
> July 464/1123|1467|2171| 269| 269|1602|2635| .. N. 7 24, |.11 | . 124
5 August | 643) 225/13021318) 64) 338/1897/4212| ... N. 46 54 W.|.37 124
3 September) 596] 111) 4022344] 486) 264|/1886/3911| ... N. 67 45 W.|.29 | .....-. 120
~~ || October | 262) 393) 773'1337| 341| 996/2123/3775| ... N. 70 54 W..37 | . 124
3| F November| 235 549/1046 2026] 144 1046 2000 QOnAl eso INO I78) ba Weel || Sener 120
=| 4 December | 000) 85) 5921878] 3721015) §80|5178| ... N. 58 25 W..38 | . 124
| => _|\| Spring 347) 307| 609 2414 408 434|1752 3729] ... N. 70 18 W.|.23 368
Gull <3 Summer | 500| 611/1075 1937) 369) 384/1692/3431| ... N.50 13 W.-21 | wee 368
N| 8 Autumn | 364) 351) 7401902) 324) 769 2003/3547) ... N. 71 38 W.).284| ..-...-- == || 364
alin Winter | 215] 123] 688 2724| 328} 672 1045 4203 INI3 0 gO) Waleed assess 361
ci & || The year | 357| 348| 7782244) 357| 565/1623/3727| ... N. 66 28 W.|.22 : 1461
23 Spring 55] 39] 125] 685] _87| 114' 378/1071| 575,.N. 72 1 W.J.19 | ......-.- 368
“ef f Summer | 92) 81| 274) 628) 63] 118 286) 947] 638/N. 52 23 W.|.11 | 368
2‘ J| Autumn | 40/ 36) 137| 438] 36/ 56) 287/1370| 702|\N. 50 22 W.|.35 364
=e | Winter 40} 20] 118] 529| 66] 136] 268/1139| 903/N. 64 1 W.|.22 | ......... |---| 360
# © || The year | 227| 176] 654/2280) 252) 424/1219|4527/2818|N. 59 12 W.|.22 sonaesie. | ee EO
ae Spring Fees eee eee) oe weog |) wee tl tvesy || weo|| wee (Niet 29) Wralel'9) 16S5 2 aNWil Osa mmo
3 [ Summer N.51 3 W.|.14 |N. 3H. | 06} 552
2 {| Autumn N.54 1 W.|.24 | N. 28 W.) .06 |} 546
>‘e || Winter N. 67 45 W.|.19 | N. 28 W.| .02| 572
ze l TOSY Gar ait Vessel iceceunll eee |lcesase || enh) eesa [resellers ING 62.228) aval 20m mmeeneeeees 2222,
January | 391) 781) 78/1555) 795 2749|1257|/2394 S. 69 12 W.|.334
February | 436) 498) 691761) 8503637| 942/1807 S. 50 16 W.|.402
March 318| 939| 1261938) 7912596] 9912/2300 S. 58 48 W.|.262
April 24/1294] 265/1819| 886/2262) 838.2112 S. 60 11 W.|-17
May 794{1517| 3141550) 6081709 7812727 N. 58 26 W.|.163
: June 483/1401| 231/2156| 687/2122| 701/2218 S. 56 50 W.|.12
ee. July 972 2513) 208 2151, 409 1387) 355 2004 N. 30 48 E. |.142
re August 981 2084} 111042) 4871461| 798 3065 N. 35 53 W.|.29
Nip oe September] 681! 919 381432 4742098) 858 3499 N.75 0 W.|.32
| = October | 314) 688) 53/1215) 554/2657/1509 3010 S. 84 57 W.|.41
a | x November | 277/ 728) 139)1401) 693/3065|1123 2573 S. 70 18 W.|.362
| 4 December | 165) 725) 1151739) 797/2996/1243 2220 S. 58 19 W.|.36
= | Spring 545/1250) 235/1769 762 2189) 870/2380 S. 75 27 W.|.18 |S. 84 E. | .05
A | Summer | 812)1999) 173/1783| 528/1657| 618/2429 N. 34 0 W.|.114| N. 494 EB. | 21
s Autumn | 424) 778) 77| 1349 574/2607/1163 3027 S. 85 52 W.|.352| N. 83 W.| .13
=) | Winter | 331| 668) 87/1685) 814:3127/1147/2140 S. 58 41 W.|.36 |S: 29 W.! .17
| The year | 528/1174) 143/1647) 669/2395| 950.2494] ... |S. 79 52 W.|.23
& og {| Spring? 32/ 14) 11) 64) 28] 22] 37) 45] Q3/S. 28 34 W.J.06 |S. 782 E.|.11| 92
oS Summer? | 17) 93) 6] 46] 16) 18} 24 34) Q9/N. 44 36 EK. |.23 | N.57 E.|.35] 92
"77 4 | Autumn? | 33) 17/ 10) 29) 32) 43/ 69) 33! IS. 79 43 W.|.30 |S. 822 W.| .17| 91
= |) Winter? 17} 10} 3) 20) 48] 45) 69| 31] 27/8. 64 3 w.|.40 |S. 58 W.|.27| 90
= © (| The year |1893/4143) 52.479}|2291/6514/4034) 553| 326|S. 74 45 W.|.18 | ....... | --- |1096

' Assuming that the number of calms, not recorded in the first series, was the same

Series.

2 For 1853 only.

relatively as in the second

SERIES B. ZONE 7. LAT. 55° TO 60° N. 139

(Nos. 127 to 136.) Siberia.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Ajan, from September, 1847, to August, 1849, inclusive.

Bogoslowsk, during the years 1842 and 1857, and from December, 1849, to December, 1853, inelu-
sive. The first series, except the last four columns, is transcribed from Wesselowski’s work on the
Climate of Russia, in which no account is taken of calms; and the second is inserted chiefly for the
purpose of showing their relative proportion in the different seasons of the year. The third is a
combination of the other two, due allowance being made for calms in the first.

Catharinenburg, during the years 1836, 1837, 1841 to 1850 inclusive, 1853 and 1857. The first
series, except the last four columns, and the second entire are transcribed from the aforesaid work
of Wesselowski, and the third and fourth correspond with the second and third in the previous num-
ber (Bogoslowsk).

Galanowsk, by Rev. Alexei Emeljanow, from September, 1857, to August, 1858, inclusive.

Ichim, from December, 1852, to November, 1853, inclusive, and 1857.

Jenisseisk, from May to December, 1871, inclusive, by Marx.

Kourgan, at the district school for ten years, 1842 to 1851 inclusive. The observations for the
year 1853 are added to show the relative number of calms.

Krasnojarsk, during the month of May, 1868, and from June, 1870, to February, 1871, inclusive.

Nasimowo, by Middendorf, from June 14, 1843, to May 28, 1844, and from August 11 to Septem-
ber 29, 1844.

Tara, from 1832 to 1841 inclusive, 10 years.

Toboisk, for a period of ten years, date not preserved ; also from 1852 to 1861 inclusive; also (in
the Addendum) from January, 1870, to May, 1872, by Slauty.

Tomsk, from December, 1852, te November, 1853, inclusive.

Werch Pelymsk, during the year 1871 (old style), by Djukow.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE _Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Ratio of resultant

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. the year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.

January | |2493)2948/26 --- | N. 88° 0/ W.!.43
February U6) < )1602)2727)1948) 454) ... |S. 41 5
March } l 989)3516]1643) 6 Bop 51 10
April ¢ 958)1994/2166 46
May 768) 1989)1 701 22
June 1160/1879}1762)1: 27
July 7 420] 825] 930 26
August 954/2010)1414
September 915) 2842/2650
October : 799) 2398)2507
November 885} 3205/3439
December 369|2949|5046
Spring 905| 2500/1837
Summer | 3 38] 845) 1571)1369
Autumn D 33 | $66)2815|2865
Winter 907|2723/3314
The year 881|2402)2346
Spring 2 291) 560) 344) 344
Summer 215) 406) 251
Autumn 3 113] 430) 460
Winter ‘ 154) 379) 545
The year 773)1775/1600
| Spring tea! oa |. cen coo. |b ooo. |} sos

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year

S. W. or be-
tween 8. & W.
tween N. & W.
Number of days,

tween N. & E
S. E. or be-
tween 8S. & E

bo
1

4S. 653°R.

Ga
wo
ea)
qo
5
5
a
°
oJ
=
bo
eo)
a
3
®
=)

AR iA IATA Ti A ThA ta ch

127. Bogoslowsk.

1842, 50,
53 and 57.
(ips Ga RE
is
mt S10 po
wre boo
aa7 44°

FAaan naan

dane

te

2 preced-
ing series
combined.

l

' Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns. His'ratios of the resultants have been modified
by making a due allowance for calms.

140 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos 127 to 136.) Siberia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

tween N. & E. |

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

4 observation, year. Direction.

N. E. or be-
to sum of winds.

S.E. or be-
tween 8. & E. |
tween S. & W.
W. or be-

tween N.& W.

variable
Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

| N.

8. 32° 26’ W.| .
N. 39 20 W.|.
8. 33 34 W.|.
8. 40 W.|.
(117 | j is AG Wis}

| Spring
Summer
kK) Autumn
l

wow w
a es

128.
Galanows | Winter

| The year

NHoOOF

wwoce
bo
(=)

N
=)
im]
Q
vy

128(a). Werch Pelymsk. (See Addendum at the end of this

6/ W.|.36
8 W.|.33
4 W.|.224
30 W.|.264
W.|;284
W. .20
E, |.11
W.|.26

(| January 592 apa 169| 677 1235)1218 3655)2030
February | 329) 433) 191 1386 1716 1438 3276|1231
| March 472) 630) 567/1606 1543)1433 2346|1402
April 451) 742) 539)1033 1339,1077 3231/1587
May 1255) 818 437) 818 1030/1185 2102/2355
June 854) 792) 839| 839'1118)1646 2282)1630
July 931]1878 12041236) 947| 513/1397|1894
August 1905/1111) 905| 587] 508) 762)1810)2412
September}1025) 863 306) 450 863/1385 2967/2140
October | 348} 570) 195) 613 1182/1933 3393 1766
November | 548} 548 389) 951 1052)1225 3328/1959
December | 592! 288] 80) 416/1248)1360 4256/1760
Spring 726) 730) 514/1152/1304)1232)/2560)1781
Summer /|1230/1260] 983) 887] 858 974,1830)1979
Autumn 640] 660} 297) 671)1032)1514/3229/1955
Winter 504| 381) 147) 826|1400)1339 3729/1674
| The year 775| 758) 485) 884/1148)1265/2837 1847) oe
Noon 656| 589) 343) 675| 868 1055 2261 1901/1652
. M. 647| 592) 368| 642) 946)/1016)/2375)1887|1527
659| 592) 374) 703 9321052 2428/1862 1398
675| 603} 357| 709} 809)1164/2322)1792)1569
670] 625| 323) 709) 890)1113|2361/1725|1585
650) 647) 326) 709} 876)1116/2347|1661\1669
642) 625) 340) 731) 874)1055/2261)1538)1934
631} 620) 338) 748} 890) 954/2202)1404/2213
561) 578) 366) 728) 860) 924 2065)1267/2651
500) 525) 377) 717) 865) 887/1937)1203/2989
449| 525] 354) 703) 854] 851/1859)1075/3330
11 441} 510} 380) 710] 837| 861/1784/1094|3383
Midnight | 465] 510) 384) 661) 820) 841 1747|1020)3551
1A. M. 441| 514] 367) 620] 788 882/1722 1016|3650
2 437) 506] 343) 641) 726) 845)1739/1024/3739
3 424| 543) 294) 580 706) 857/1674/1020/3902
4 437| 543) 306) 543) 731) 837)1673)1000/3930
5 473) 506) 359 535) 690) 845 1686/1049/3857
6 547) 508) 315) 491) 675| 820/1795)1035|3813
7 581) 541] 301| 511| 687) 876/1870/1105|3528
8

8)
10
11

1841 to 1850.!

ne
i}
2)

OMIM HWh

~ 129, Catharinenburg.
=

Hours, 1841 to 1850.

606] 586] 310) 552) 712) 927/2046)1234/3027
656) 628} 310) 578 739/1013 2113 1423) 2540
617| 642} 312) 603} 809/1010/2180/1608)2219
| 617| 617| 315) 642) 857/1002/2241/1825)1884
Spring 569) 441) 418)1172) 686)1031)1950) 6251632
| Summer 808} 638] 418] 810) 363) 672)1365| 887/2122
| Autumn 415) 305) 312] 61)| 356)1359)/2442) 652)1567
i
|
L

1836, 37,
0,53 & 57.

Winter | 337) 163} 114} 828] 501 1206/2719 2771783
The year |2129/1547|1262)/3421/1906)4268 8476)2441|7104
Spring eco ||| cape! eee. ||) soso oe |) eof sean|| cost | eos

| Summer
| Autumn

1D

N. 54} E. .203
N. 1} W. .08
|S. 53° W. .124

4544555524 55449545255525542545444444454453:

enc

Winter ae
The year | ...

|

ALNANNNNANAAAA AAW MN NNNRNMNANAAAAAAANMM ANN DMA IAA ns tn Int in
ae ea ave ce ot Se Bae es

Istand 3d
series

£
q

1 Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns. His ratios of the resultants have heen modified
by making an allowance for calms.

GRRE IS Bee ZOMN Bi yige WAM 55ico lO) 60s N- 141

(Nos. 127 to 136.)

Siberia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ga influences. +
£8 s
A A = se Fig s
Place of |Time of the 33 o2 | 2a 54 | g| Directionof |2S]| A
| observation. year. ar ran nan be | .3 resultant. Se Direction. 5
teil) ed - || Se = 2 =| f “a | 28 on o re
= lao! ¢)a8| 3 \ES] & |S] ee Zo ei &
4 [Ae | Blnt| a wf| Flee |6 a | 2
January |1416} 746) 759| 785|2304 1300 1776 914 S. 51° 35/ W.|.16
February | 941] 802/1010)1051/2088 1535/1397 1176 S. 32) 7 W.!-134
March /1373|1012)1109| 8311554 1349/1807, 964 S. 72 30 W.|.08
April 1391| 832/1313/1066|1600 1106|1600 1092 S$. 52 25 W.).05
May 1863] 850} 887} 8871438 1463)1475 1137 N. SL 50 W.!.10
June 1383|1145| 936|1285)1508 768/1648 1327 N. 70 35 W.|.04
ia July 1460]1043/1460/1095| 991 1265)1369 1317 N. 25 6 W.|.04
ae August 22'72\1162)1306\ 770)1227, 718)/1292,1253) N. 0 27 W.).12
4 | September 1936 923/1000| 858/1385 1052)1397|1448 N. 45 51 W.}.11
£ October |1843] 678] 939)/1189)1201 1082)1807|1261 INE LO) Wie) Ls,
4 S November 1270] 940)1085|1243)1415 1177/1667|1203 S. 64 48 W.).063
a & December |1393] 801] 912/1233/1628 1800/1492) 740) ... |S. 36 8 W.).15
aI Spring 1542] 898/1103] 928]1531 1306/1627|1064| ... |S. 78 46 W.).07 |S. 42° W.).01
ga Summer |1705/1117/1234/1050/1242) 917/1436|1299| ... |N. 16 54 W.).06}|) N. 32 EH. |.09
i i Autumn 1683] 847/1008/1097|1334'1104/1624/1304| ... |N. 71 32 W.|.08$| N. 26 W.).04
S Winter 1250] 783) 894/1023|2007 1545)1555| 943) ... [S. 40 13 W.|.15 |S. 17 W.}|.11
a | The year |1545) 91)/1060}1025/1528 1218/1561 1152) ... |S. 82 17 W.|.063
Seg (| Spring Sy3i} IQ) Sal 7 35] 1 7 5| 63/8. 70 4 EH. |.34
AA | | Summer 35] 21) 41) 48] 37) 11] 12) 12) 59/8. 71 44 E. }.23
or J) Autumn 70); 15 4) 38) 44) 14) 25) 25) 388/N. 32 28 W.|.073
3 § || Winter 17 5] 11] 116) 33) 6) 13) 25) 44'S. 3) Wi Be 3
Aa [| The year | 160) 60) 91) 275) 149° 32) 57) 67) 204|S. 59 56 E. |.26
( January 1 1 I) ilil 5) 8 3 4 2
| February TT A OP yp A ey a
March 1 1 1 8 Oa 2 4 4| -
April WP yal 2 7 7 5 2 4. 1
| May 3) 2 3 4 338 4 7 2
June 4 2, 3 4 25 3 6 1
| July AN BY = BP a a A GE
p 131. August (Al es sl eel enn pt rae 2 Nhe 2
Tobolsk.2 }| September) 1] 2) 1) 4| 4 6) 5| 5) 2
20 years. October BE Oh al eat ea) 4, 2
November 1 1 1 5 5 7 5 3 2
December 1 1 1 8 7 4 3 3) 3
Spring 5 4 6} 19) 16) 12 8} 15 7S. 13 55 W.|.22 |S. 703 E. |.033
Summer 12 7 Gi) ale} 1) ala als} 5|IN. 78 46 W.|.11 |N. 5 W.'.23
Autumn 4 3 4) 13) 14) 20) 15) 12 6S. 44 28 W 35 |S. 72) W.').16
Winter 3 3) 4) 29) 17 9 8} 10 7/S. 9 19 EB. |.354/S. 44 EB. |.20
| The year 24| 17; 20) 74) 57| 53] 40] 55| 25'S. 24 1 W.|.21 | ..---- hase
131(a). Tobolsk, 1870-72. See Addendum at the end of this Zone.
(| Spring 57) 27) 16) 16 40) 152| 41| 66! 47|S. 76° 23/W.|.33 | N. 62° W.|.09
132 Summer 70| 100 39) 50| 61) 83) 16) 56 TiN. 50 37 W.|.07 | N. 473 E. .25
iigirevmn | Autuinn 56| 58) 20) 33) 74) 104) 88) 72) 41S. 79 51 W.|.24 |N. 1 E. 07
| Winter 35| 13) 15) 25) 95) 248] 27) 35 46/5. 40 13 W.|.53 |S. 19 W.|.30
i tines seen | ole cee ceo [ccs ecm [dee df ce ices cee IS GR) 51) rc boar
( January |1532 1516 2422 1334) 626) 791) 577|1202) ... |N. 60 44 E. |.28 |N. 74 &. |.133| 310
February |1307 1688 2432 1198) 5621034) 744/1034) ... |N. 64 18 B. |.25 |N. $42 E. |.11 | 283
March 942 1830 2681 1034| 743) 942) 978) 851 |N. 74 14 B. |.254 |S. 78 EH. |.135 310
April 1531 1333 21621802) 3601207) 991| 612) ... N. 78 29 EH. |.214/)S. 593 E. |.11 300
May 1232 1026 2346 1085) 997| 997|1158)1158) ... N. 75 10 B. |.12 |S. 14 E. |.06}) 310
June 730) 730 1139 1477)1085)1192)1459/2188) ... IS. 81 0 W.|.114|S. 638 W.}.255| 300
July 597, 988 1893 1111/1152)1029)1852\1378) ... 8. 93 45 W.|.044|S. 434 W.).19 | 310
133 August 1323, 781 2234, 933| 564/2147/1085| 933) ... |S. 44 21 EB. }.03 |S. 38} W.).155) 310
Tare 4 September|2838 1336/1636] 601) 451/1085| 768|1284) ... |N. 10 32 BE. |.31 | N. 155 W. -214 300
i October |2530 1220)155111144| 497| 407) 979)1672| ... N. 14 33 HE. |.31 |N.10 W.|.21 | 310
November |2448 1008/2048! 944) §80| 848) 336/1488| ... N. 35 0 EH. |.25 | N. 163 B. |.11 | 300
December |1774 1130|1868 1742] $32] 863) 628|1162| ... |N. 68 29 E. |.20 |S. 72 &E. 075 310
Spring 1235 1396)2396)1307| '700)1049)1042 874, ... |N. 75 58 E. |.19} S. 563 E. |.09 | 920
Summer | 883 833/1'7551174) 934/1456|1465|1500) ... js. fH 20 W.|.044|S. 503 W. .193 920
Autumn /2605,1188/1745| 896) 609) 780) 694)1481| ... |N. 18 45 E. |.284|N. 73 W. 173) 910
| Winter (1538 1445/2241'1425| 673) 896) 650/1133| ... |N. 64 23 E. |.24 IN. 864 E. |.10 | 903
| The year |1565 1215|2035 1200 729|1045| 96311247| ... \N. 49 32 BE. |.15 | --- |... 13653

1 Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns. His ratios of the resultants have been modified
by allowing the same proportion for calms as was observed in the corresponding months and seasons of the
year 1853. .

2 Prof. Kaemtz gives the resultant direction of the wind at Tobolsk for ten years in the earlier half of this
century (exact date not stated) 5S. 67° W.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons. 4 Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last 4 columns.

142 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 127 to 136.) Siberia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction of
resultant,

Place of Time of the

observation. year. | Direction.

tween N.& E,
tweenS.& E
S. W. or be-
tweenS.& W.
N. W: or be-
tween N.&W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days,

>

|S. 28° 33/ W.|.23 |N. 232° R, |.
N. 89 22 W.|.16 IN. 44 W.|.
. 32 34 W.|.28 |N.15 W.|.
Sot 23) wal
. 27 12 W.l.

‘| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

iS)
s
SS)
Spring | |S. 60 21 W.
Summer 8S. 43 44 W.).
| | iS)
S
l Ss

bo
=

(Sy)
we

bo
bo

| Autumn Py Hin LE Wel 22
| Winter . 3 30 E.
The year! . 39 25 W.|.

Nasimowo.

135(a). Jenisseisk. See

| May . 62° 52/ W.|.362 |S. 514° E.
135(5). | Summer
Krasno- Autumn
jarsk. | Winter

The year!

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

AWDAAMINWWONrPNUNDNWwWW
TR ROWER ENN WHERE Ee he
KH DWOCONWNNFHOSCSCCOFFE WwW
we i

WoT woObh be bw ort bo
PRO RE HE WHERE DR COnNnr
RP PRE DNN NOOR CORH HEH

bo
_
a
a
_

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 7%. LAT. 55° TO 60° N. 143

Addendum to Zone No. 7.

Observations at Sandwick Manse, Orkney Islands, from 1863 to 1868, 6 years, with a self-register-
ing anemometer. Calculated in the Weather Reports of the London Meteorological Office, year
1871, Part I.

2 : : s 3
go |e | ee ee |
Ea EU Ete Bal pe Mean on Total
$y £3 aS 43 SF | direction. | = @ | number of
- - . S a j
aA Qa Qa Ae z ge miles,

34(a). Sandwich Manse, number of hours.

January 425 237 434 959 645 903 330 353
February | 246 197 428 671 452 1072 498 301
March 450 305 692 718 420 754 415 471
April 370 266 766 710 530 782 347 399
May 377 465 987 564 295 652 440 359
June 141 179 850 376 404 1168 607 257
July 374 286 477 437 349 936 782 733
August 354 218 734 581 448 974 587 394
September} 264 236 438 851 548 1031 584 210
October 258 259 688 712 456 868 466 448
November| 315 155 417 702 369 914 700 | 638
December| 137 140 440 924 617 899 684 382

The year | 3711 2943 7351 8205 5533 | 10953 6441 4945 |S. 14 W.) 20

Number of miles.

January 5227.5) 2884 7638.4) 17166.1) 10384.5 | 24561.6} 7755 7907.2 |S. 52° W.) .38 | 83424.3
February | 2952 2206.4 6462.8} 5502.2) 7596.4 | 27764.8) 13157.2| 7163.8 |S. 69 W.| .48| 72805.6
March 6026 3477 13632.4| 12493.2) 5628 14099.8) 8902.4/11401.9 |S. 32 W.) .14|) 750640.7
April 3885 3777.2 | 14094.4) 10792 7314 14072 6315.4) 5304.2 |S. 11 W.| .24| 65534.2
May 4410.9) 6231 14902.4| 7896 3215.5 9584.4, 5544 | 4927 |S. 45 EH. | .21| 56711.2
June 1057.5} 1897.4 | 13380 4812.3) 4605.6 | 22903.2) 7708.9] 2852.7 |S. 44 W.| .29 | 59218.1
July 4151.4) 2717 6448.7} 5244 2961.2 | 14133.6) 9227.6) 8402.8 |N. 77 W.| .25 | 53386.3
August 3379.2} 1809.4 | 10569.6] 7088.2) 4231.2 | 12467.2| 7396.2] 4649.2 |S. 42 W.| .21| 51688.2
September] 2402.4) 2528.8 6000.6) 11063 5425.2 | 14330.9/ 8655.2) 3751 |S. 46 W.| .35| 54157.5
October 1856.6) 1937.5 | 11764.8| 11036 4139.6 | 13540.8) 9366.6) 3180.8 |S. 40 W.| .21 | 56822.8
November] 3622.5} 1984 7506 12776.4| 3985.2 | 19651 14560 |10144.2 |S. 78 W.| .82| 72225.2
December | 1671.4) 1316 7656 15615.6) 10008.2 | 21468.1| 17305.2| 8174.8 |S. 63 W.| .45| 82215.3
The year |40640.4) 32765.7 | 120056.1| 121484.7) 69494.6 | 208577.4| 115893.7|77889.6 |S. 53 W.| .27 | 783829.4

Mean velocity, miles per hour.

January 12.3 12.0 17.6 17.9 16.1 27.2 23.5 22.4
February | 12.0 11.2 15.1 18.2 15.7 25.9 26.4 23.8

March 13.1 11.4 19.7 17.4 13.4 18.7 21.2 18.9
April 15.0 14.2 18.4 15.2 13.8 18.0 18.2 15.8
May 11.7 13.4 15.2 14.0 10.9 14.7 12.6 13.0
June 7-5 10.6 14.8 12.8 11.4 14.9 12.7 11.1
July 11. : 13.1 12.0 , 15.1 11.8 11.6

14.4 | 12.2 12.3 | 12.6 | 11.8
13.7 | 13.0 13.9 | 148 | 13.1

9.5 8.3
August 8.3 9.4
0.8 9.9
7.5 17.1 15.5 9.1 15.6 20.1 17.1
2.8 0.8
9.4 4.6
1. 2.6

1.
9.8
September} 9.1
ee
1.5

October F
November| 11.

December| 12.2
The year

18.0 18.2 10. 21.5 20.8 15.2
17.4 16.9 14, 23.9 25.3 21.4
16.3 12.

144 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Addendum to Zone No. 7.— Continued.

103(a). Observations at the Central Physical Observatory of St. Petersburg, Russia, with a self-
registering anemometer of Adie. Year 1871. Published in the “Annalen des Physikalischen

Observatoriums,” 1871.

Total Mean

number direction,
of kilo-
meters,

Ratio of
resultant.

Number of kilometers.

January 332.4 843.2 52.2] 3952.5 | 1449.5 | 847.
February 182.8 887.3 | 311. 1021.4 959.4 218.
| 160.5 701.1 : 3058.2 | 1891.5 | 4272.
315. 1133.8 | 763.9] 2171.0} 2143.5} 2104.
2 2527.0) 843. 433.6 606. 303.
3696.1 34.6 | 1584.6] 1019.7 373.
391.7 | 605. 2094.1 | 1200.0} 1190.
75.0 | 3. 1324.0; 1098.4 | 2799.
1500.7 | 267.6 3284.6 664.6 | 1336.
October 239.¢ 93.5 Ve 1338.3 767.2 | 4470.
November, 620.9; 179.4 98.2 1940.2 | 2611.8} 2580. 332.1 c 11518 |S.44 37 W.
December, 430.2| 833.7 5 815.0} 2316.2| 3806.

2377.
2866.
3735.

10955 |S. 6°14’E.
7214 |S. aes ie
15601 |S. 39 W.|.
3465. 12902 |S. 49 W.|.
2299. 9614 N. 43 W.|.
1389.7 | 3 10392 |N. 13 E.
4487.8 | 2029.7 | 12139 |S. 13 W.|.
3847.2 i]. 13510 |S. 10 W.|.
1168.7 856. 12436 |N. 50 W.
1809.4 : 11965 |S. 16 W.).

Nurs QD

N MO MUIR OKHON

| | | 3966.8 | .6| 15684 |S. 74 56 W.| .
The year 5264 12863. | 50384 23018 | 16718 | 24301 | 81745 24987 | 143950 8.63 22 W.

Mean velocity, kilometers per hour,

January 6.0 | : 3. 22.8 BS y 19.8
February 5.4 ' .6 IGE ; E LAS,
March 10.7 ' FJ eS 5 é 17.7
i 14.3 : 34 24.4 E : 19.1
| 14.3 : 4. 11.4 A ile 16.8
| 10.3 He) | IE 18.2 5 5 13.9
|

12.6 Oe| : 15.2 28 3.2 19.1
August 14.3 4 0. 14.5 5. : 19.4
September 16.3 h : 24.2 i 16.7
October | 11.4 5 22. 20.9 De 14.9
November, 12.9 b S 16.3 i A 18.4
December} 13.9 3. a6 20.9 5 a 26.1
The year 12.3 : A 19.6 16. | : 17.7

Number of kilometers in the different hours of the day. Summer.

Morning hours.

| 0-1 1-2 5 6-7

Aggregate | 1403 | 1384 | 1331 | 1338 | 1340 | 1341 | 1362 1426
Ww. 289 268 200 225 | 201 255 272
|

Evening hours.

121) 1-2 3-4 45 | BG alRea7

Aggregate | 1771 | 1703 | 1762 | 1810 | 1776 | 1644 | 1526 | 1438
W. 594 | 606 | 679 | 661 | 656] 536 | 464 409

SE RLS Be ZONE 7. LAT 55° 00) 602 N. 145

Addendum to Zone No. 7.—Continued.
(Nos. 124(a) to 135(a).)

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of
observation, the year. N. E, or S. E. or S. W. or N. W. or | Calm or
North. | between between} South. | between between | variable.
&E. S.& W. N.& W.

if 15
11 13
22 i 6
20 ; 14
17 “16
11 18

9 14
18 19
17
19

8

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
ee x August
scher- Sar, ‘
lei September
my October
1865-1867. Noneaber
December 10
Spring 36
Summer t } 51
Autumn ; 44
Winter 38
The year

CWNARARMWACWonN
i
WATD POS MD OP WOO

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
131(a). August
Tobolsk, September
1870-72. October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

WHMONOWWHWhT

Pe
Noe TRE EP RHE ARARMHOS

mo bo bo
AMP AIATRPN RP NALA

iss)
iio}

RELATIVE PREVALENCE AND FORCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

North.

=
fH

East. 5. E. South. Ss. W. West.

variable.

obs.
Force
No. of
obs.
Force
Force.
No. of
obs.
Force
Force.
No. of
obs.
Force.
Force.
Force.
Calm or

May

June

July
135(a). August

Jenisseisk. September

October

November

December

bo 09 co WB oo oo Go GO

HH
MOmMHEbaH

rary

$9 90 bo Oo bo OW bs
woof Oro

© WO Wop WSO bh
PoE Sees)
Coo NNW RA
Perec |
Tadd
S CwWwoNWS
09/99/8909) 09, 00/1 G0
NPwhbawwo
DROWN BRO
$9 49 BO 19 89 bo 36 bo
SCHOEN OCOW PD
DOR OR wo bow 09
whowoonac
CNWmMUDUOMNSO
NNNNWD wR co
woos POH

eH

eH

19 October, 1874.

146 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

ZONE No. &.

LATITUDE 50° To 55° Nort.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made
at 218 different places on land, for an aggregate period of not less than 1174 years,
probably over 1200 years, and for nearly 30 years at sea, viz., 9327 days on the
Pacific Ocean, and 1533 on the Atlantic. ‘The places on land are distributed as
follows :—

Where observed. No. of stations. Aggregate length of time.
Aleutian Islands, 1 14 years.
America, 6 104 years.
British Isles, 108 3455 years.
Continental Europe, 94 Not less than 753 years, and probably over 800.
Siberia, 9 Over 52 years,
(No. 1.) Aleutian Islands.

Computed from observations made at Iluluk, from the year 1825 to 1834 inclusive (old style),
except the months of May, June, July, August and September, 1827, the last half of 1829, and 160
observations in the first half; and published in the Report of the United States Coast Survey for 1867.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place of | Time of the
observation. year. |

Direction of
resultant.

Direction.

to sum of winds.

S. W, or be-

tween S. & W.

N. W. or be-

tween N. & W.
variable.

Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

tween N. & E,
Calm or

January 1
February
March

August

2. Iluluk. { | Sept’mber |
October |
November |
December 159 20 | 4 3h

Spring 174 § 39 }240 |23% j 24 84|/S. 46°50’ W.|.11 |S. 764° E.
Summer | 92 |230 |259 |292 23 | 447/S. 27 15 W.|.242/S. 04 W.|.
Autumn 187 91 1169 167 |s 243 | 438/S. 81 17 W.|.222/N. 734 W.|.
Winter 317 62 /180 179 |212 |126 236 | 420|N. 29 55 W.|.06 |N. 33 E. |.
The year |770 279 |548 |818 [871 | | /1589/S. 59 5 W.).13

| |

Alaska.
Unalaska. Observed by C. P. Fish, six times a day, from June 1 to August 3, 1872, and con-
tained in the Annual Report of the Chief Signal Officer U.S. A. for 1873.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
Pornts OF THE COMPASS,

Place of Time ofthe .¢ : ar 5 deer eal REA ‘| Direction of
observation, year. j 4 resultant.

sum of
winds.

or
var.

Ratio of re-
sultant to
Number of

H
is}
for}
r=

1(a) Unalaska| Summer | ? 8. 82° 34/ W.

SOIR IBS) 18, YAO INI Bo IGANG, BOO MEO BHO Inf. 147

(Nos. 3 to 12.) Pacific’Ocean, Hast of longitude 180° W.
Computed from observations, for an aggregate period of over 25 years, collected and classified,
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direc-
tion of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Time of 6 : < 5 Direction of
the year. j ] ; : resultant.

variable
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

. Number of days.

Calm or

3. Lougitude 16

| Spring 20] 60 | 6| S$. 83° 37/ W.
Summer 15| 35 p 5 Sh 1G iil 4%

4. Longitude 15

Winter 0

5. Longitude 155° to 160° W.

Spring 30] 89) 63)146) 48/118
| Summer 40)200) 44/140/111)248

6. Longitude 15 0 155° W.

Spring 37 108 38008
Summer 260 181/148)329
Autumn 1 (dil eS hee

7. Longitude 145° to 150° W.

Spring 23) 74) 14) 73) 34)
Summer 87/331|100)248)117
Autumn GQ go O- &

8. Longitude 140° to 14

Spring 4 24 15
Summer 38 101
Autumn 0 0

9. Longitud 0 140° W.

Summer 69 43) 27) 92

10. Longitud o 140° W.

Winter 6 ) | 7

11. Longitude 125° to 140° W.

Spring 4 18] 1) 14

12. Longitud 0 135° W.

Summer 69 , 5 9

148 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 13.) Alaska.

Observed at Fort Tongass, for an aggregate period of 21 months, in the years 1867, 1868 and

1869, by the Post Surgeon.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

S. W. or be-
Ratio of resultant

tween 8S. & W.
tween N.& W.
variable.
to sum of winds.

N. W. or be-
Calm or

N. E. or be
tween N.& E.

January
| February
March
April
May
June
| July

13. | August

Fort September] 2
Tongass. October
November
December
Spring iy 90
Summer ‘ 2: 131
Autumn Be 116
Winter i 3 85
Rh eyy.ear| |e. || recs m|leeceel ieee

DOrRorpnw

ce}

4s

- 65° 12/ KE. |.
- 10 40 E. |.
= 08) USE:
. 83 54 E. |.
Sl) aco |[eas ll aaa Se fot 2Adi de

PWOOO RIND NORKS

He
PUR OP WOR RUM

Peete

Direction.

Monsoon
influences,

Number of days.

re

i

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 14 to 16.) Hudson’s Bay Territory.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Fort a la Corne, by Lawrence Clark, Jr., during the months of November and December, 1864.

Red River Settlement, by Donald Gunn, for an aggregate period of over five years,

1844, and 1855 to 1861 inclusive.

in the years

Moose Factory, by J. Mackenzie, for an aggregate period of over 17 months, in the years 1861

and 1862.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Place and kind |Time of the Direction of
resultant.

of observation. year. N. E. S. E. Avis N. W.
or be- - | or be-

tween tween
5. & E. |S. N.& W.|

variable.

Calm or

November 27
December 7
Spring 72
Summer 108
Autumn 106
Winter 84
The year, an cE
Spring 383 38
Summer 582 161 40
Autumn 715 14 34
Winter 379 28 10
The year’ | on Ax sei
Spring | 5.32 | 2.71 | 2.00
Summer BeB9 || Gal eweon,
| Autumn 6.75 | 2.33 | 2.27
l Winter 4.51 | 3.11 | 2.00

14. Fort
la Corne.

>

. 62
30
81
57
63
68
50
. 85
64
72
70

rate |
* eo

[2

servations. —

DDD nT h th T iA

15. Red River Settlement.
Surface wind in 1855,’56, & 757

a
o
ta
Bb
ae
°
=
2
BS

sultant to sum

Ratio of re-
of winds.

. 14°50 E.

Surface winds and motion of clouds combined.
7 E = Fi
* From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring | Sum’r.|° Aut.

/Winter

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : E . . 2 | SE S39 S230 oid
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds, from every

point of the compass, move with the foregoing average velocity . 4 -81] 1.00) 1.48
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several points

of the compass, each their own average velocity, as shown in the table

above A 0 . h c C “ 5 6 6 * 5 . 1.13 . 1.27
Excess of the latter over the former . : i ; % 5 ; . | +.32 .12 | —.21

3.51

-90

-60
| —.30 |

5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SIBRIUIBIS) 155° ZAIN IB) Go IG UNUE, BOO UNO) eo axis 149

(Nos. 14 to 16.) Hudson’s Bay Territory.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation. year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.

E. or be-
Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
tween 8. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

s)

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year!

H
-I1
DS
S
fo

. 41°47’ W.|.

79 58 W.|.
20 W.|.
7 W.|.
58 W.|.1:

Pe
BPN
wo AT
PH
oS
Cor
ae

o

Surface

W.|}.
W.
W.|-

Spring

| Summer
Autumn

Winter

| The year!

Motion of
clouds.

| Spring
Summer
Autumn:
| Winter

| The year!

16. Red River Settlement,
Aggregate for entire period.

WANAA AANA A Mnmmy

Two pre-
ceding
combined.

—

| Spring

| Summer
16(a). Autumn
Moose Factory. | Winter

The year!

ada" 444e4 44

ZAZA

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 17, 18.) Southern Labrador.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Rigolet, by H. Connelly, for an aggregate period of 2}4 years, in the years 1859 to 1863 inclusive.
Winowkupa, by the same, from October, 1865, to May, 1866, inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. the year. Direction.

or be-
tween N. & W.

to sum of winds.

tween S. & E.
tween S. & W.

N. W.

Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be
tween N. & E.

St W. or be-

12

1°17! W. |.3
- 46 Wo |b
. 39 W. .4

Spring
Oct. & Nov.
Winter

aia

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

EE

1 Surface winds and motion of clouds combined in some of the months.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

150 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 19 to 25.) Atlantic Ocean. :

Computed from observations, for an aggregate period of over 4 years, collected and classified, from 1
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE : Monsoon
CoMPASS. influences.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

Number of days,

19. Longitude 20° to 65° W.
-e) | 16| 8 2: . 69° 9 W.|.2
aes i .45 4 W.l.

Autumn 7) 10
The year |

ius '
20. Longitude 20° to 55° W.

|
Spring 5 5| 9 a 13} 25 2) 10} 3] 18
Summer 10 | | | j 3] 28] 18) 22]

ee ell

21. Longitude 20° to 40° W.

|
Winter 3) OE °| We

22. Longitude 15° to 20° W.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

23. Longitude 10°

Spring 12) 10) 3
Summer 11} 11
Autumn | 3] 10
Winter 10) 11
Mhoyyear’ sean teers

24. Longitude

Spring 13] 12
Summer | 17) 13
Autumn 5) 3 bo -
Winter 26) 8 j 22 | b a 5 2 \
The year | Follies all{gees nco||! aed) oo 0

25. Longitude 0° to 65° W.

| | | | |
January | 12 10) 9 8 10| 13] 14 18 20 19 19] 18
February | 16| 7 7 18) 12) 23/ 18 5 47 38) 44) 26] 11
March 4| 4) 3 17| ‘7 18] 20 30| 15| 23) 29| 17) 13
April 13| 11] 7 1] 23) 10] 20 29) 12 17| 18] 11
May 16| 17| 16 23| 24] 29) 34 20| 28 28) 20) 23
June 20; 16) 17 30| 21) 25] 21 43, 44 35) 38) 24
July 13; 9) 7 17) 13/ 11) 9 40| 26} 44 31| 18
August 6/18) 4 Uz) ies 5 12] 16 34| 23} 9
September) 5] 9/ 15) 7| 8| 21] 24) 22) 13 15) 23 31) 20) 18
October | 10] 6/ 13) 22) 30 26] 18 14| 20) 30 23] 20] 18] 12
November) 5] 5) 11) 9 1 6| 5} 25) 22| 27) 19) 13
December | 13) 3) 1| 7 2 y| 5| 15| 14] 16| 17] 8| 9
The year 132 lee 160 190)186/266 a 292 sedans 178|170 13:
| | |

1

ROSNWOO RW

RPrepHe

a
Wr nap
5

DARN MTA th th

AAAAAND AMMA

Ceash ates Easas

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

a Ss eS

SERIES B. ZONE 8. LAT. 50° TO 55° N. 151

(Nos. 26 to 48.) Ireland south of latitude 55°.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Armagh, at the Coast-guard Observatory, during the year 1851.

Athy, by Houghton, during the year 1851.

Ballina, at the Ordnance Survey Office, from May to September inclusive, in the year 1838.

Bencorr, by James Crean and James Glaisher, from July 18 to August 31, 1830.

Cahirciven, at the Coast-guard Station, in the year 1851.

Castletownshend, at the Coast-guard Station, in the year 1851.

Cork, at the Barracks, in connection with the Ordnance Survey, from June, 1840, to October,
1841, inclusive, and during the years 1857 to 1867 inclusive.

Courlown, at the Coast-guard Station, in the year 1851.

Cuileagh, from June 17 to September 13, 1828.

Donagadee, at the Coast-guard Station during the year 1851.

Divis, from September 1 to November 138, 1825.

Dublin. here are three series of observations from this city, one made at the Coast-guard
Observatory during the year 1851, and another at the Ordnance Survey Office, Phoenix Park, for 22
years, from 1831 to 1852 inclusive. The latter were originally recorded for 16 points of the
compass, but were reduced, for publication, to eight points, in the same manner as at Nijnii Taguilsk
(Zone 7, No. 126). They were also reduced so as to be expressed in parts of 100 (or parts of
1000, by removing the decimal point). Beside the record of the number of observations, showing
the relative frequency of the different winds, Whewell’s anemometer was used after the year 1839,
and Lind’s was added in 1845. The third series extends from the year 1857 to 1867 inclusive,
at 94 o’clock A. M.

Dunmore, at the Coast-guard Station, during the year 1851.

Forth Mountain, from October 17 to November 2, 1829.

Hill of Howth, from November 29 to December 27, 1829.

Keeper, from September 19 to December 27, 1830, and from June 1 to July 9, 1831.

Killough, at the Lighthouse during the year 1851.

Killybegs, at the Lighthouse during the year 1851.

Kilrush, at the Ordnance Survey Office, from April, 1840, to December, 1841.

Kippure, from January 11 to July 16, 1829.

Knockanaffrin, from August 12 to October 5, 1829.

Limerick, at the Ordnance Survey Office, from 1839 to 1842 inclusive.

Markree, at the Coast-guard Observatory, in the year 1851

Milltown, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Nephin, from October 6 to November 2, 1828.

Portarlington, by Dr. Hanlon, during the year 1851.

Sawel, from September 8 to 19, 1827.

Slieve Donard, from August 27 to November 19, 1826.

Slieve League, From November 23, 1827, to January 5, 1828.

Tara Hill, from November 8 to 20, 1829.

Westport, at the Lighthouse, during the year 1851.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. A influences.

e-

tweeu N. & E.

Place of Time of the
observation, year.

Direction of
resultant.

variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

tween 8S. & E.
tween 8.& W.
tween N. & W.
Number of days.

N. W. or be-

S. E. or be-

aQ
=)
°
a
a

| S. W. or be-
Calm or

The year 600 see 660 PO cca |} ceo sb ZIP CNM yl

26. {
§ May 5) soon Neqouen47) B
(

6

Milltown.
27.
Ballina.

Summer 5| .. IS. 64 27 W.
September ... |[S. 1 49 W.

#52 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 26 to 48.) Ireland.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE 7 _Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE UOMPASS, Ea influences, e
SS 25 g
a Fi | 2 se Pe niet 2 Ee 5
f ime of the 34 ae) o8 22 3 irection of | 23 ae.
Sa nen einen ne al Bai Sz | S| ‘vesultant. |..¢ | Direction. 5
a|°a ,|°s8!] Ss lesg] = Iye os oa 6 | 2
+ | po + |g? + iho mn Sso/|8&s to ° <
5 |e] & las) eis] s [Fs es Ze E|5
%|425| Alas | oa l|as| © |Aelo o- & | 4
Z Summer. || 14) <a5|)) 41) a7) 4) sas)" salo|eer 8. 75° 4/W.|.16 |N. 28°W.|.12 | 9
ee Winter 12). 4) 4] 19} 19) 23) 9) 10) ... |S| 24 15 W./.80 |S. 188 E, |-11¢) 90
J Markree. || The year | 13) 4| 4{ 18] 17] 19] 10] 16] ... |S. 43 28 W.|.22 | ws... | 365
Summer | 15} 9] 14] 7 8] 13] 21| 14] ... |N. 58 22 W./.17 |N. 393 E. |.083| 92
| Winter 11) 6} 8} 9) 13] 19) 18] 15] ... IS. 73 29 W.l.25 |S. 23° W.|.10)| 9
Killybegs. | The year | 13| 8| 11| 8] 10| 16) 20] 15] ... |N. 88 20 W..20 | ........ ... | B65
|Summer | 12) 9) 7] 6] 16] 19) 18) 15 N. 82 20 W.|.25 |N. 83 E.|.05 | 92
BO: Winter 6} 5] 2) 5] 26] 35] 12 Jo] ... [N. 86 11 W.l.35 |S. 85 W.|.05 | 90
Armagh. || qhe year | 9 7} 4| 5| 21| 2%| 15] 12]... IN. 84 40 W.I.30 | ce... | epee
Summer 11 7 14) 12) 16) 18 8} 14) ... |S. 17 35 W.|.12 |S. 874 E. |.162) 9%
31. 4 | Winter 9] 4| 4] 5] 18] 25| 12) 24) -.. |s. 74 0 W.|38 |N..893 W.|.16 | 90
Killough: |! one-year: 10) *°5| .-9|' gi! az| 21) iol e49| .F |Sie6ap19 we 2s alee | eee
32. Summer | 23) 6] 5| 13) 1]1| 14) 16) 11|... [N. 77 51 W.|.16 |N.49 E. |.122] 9
Donaga- | Winter 9) 7} 44; (7) 14} 25] 26 9] ... |S. 65 43 W.).40 |S. 45 W.|.152] 90
dee. |The year «| 16) 7] 4/10) +3) a9} 21) 0) Sie 77 bal swelt2G umes eee Soo)
Spring 59| 15] 22/ 43] 13) 10} 22) 6] ... |N. 51 475.27).20 |N.56 2. |.85 | 3il
33. Summer | 550) 267| 311| 474) 527| 744) 620) 575] ... |S. 71 18 W.|.183|N. 734 W.|.042) 626
Lat. 54° Autumn | 63] 80| 68] 179] 172) 280) 164) 234! 2 Is. 52 35 W|.28 |S. 43 W.|.13 | 206
to 55°.1 Winter 97| 54| 54| 95) 189} 264) 165] 154] ... |S. 56 35 W.|.332/S. 53 W.|.184| 48
URS It ecs))) “ceall Gon|lh “ene! lebsncalleos aco weal! Gent Kee, |S8.60) hd) Weel 22/a|buaeseestess | eee iesetat
ee {| summer | 19} 83] 13] 22} 86] 107] 45] 53] ... |S. 65 57 W.|.354| wee |u| 49
| Summer 10} 10) 14) 10 3 3 32| 19) ... IN. 46 41 W.|.27 |N. 72 W.|.08 9
35. | winter | 13} 4| 12] 10 6| 8} 26 21)... IN. 64 7 w.l.27 |S. 70 W.|.13 | 90
Westport. || the:year |. 11| 7/13} 10] 04! 95) 29] © 20) eke lNe 36ne8 wall20 |boeeet-4) (cals
36. Summer 5} 28) 2) 11 7] T4) 13) 21)... IN: 28: 88 Wal. 7 aN. 78" Eee
Port- | Winter 5) 11) 1) 4] 10) 19) 20) 30) ... IN. 79 49 w.|.44 |S. 814 W.|.18 | 90
arlington. (| The year A TG a i BG HG Pa Re Gr PAAR | cccosuec: 365
Summer 13; 1) 2) 12) 16) 12) 25) 19) ... |S. 80 42 W.|.386 |N. 18} W.}.114) 92
ol {| Winter | 4 al) as) Ei Tl) Sei Rey) SS EL 3 eG Awaba IE as aa, IL 90
cai {|The year | 10) 2) 1) 13) 22) 12) 24) 16) ... IS. 62 18 W.|.36 sastigsens 365)
( January | 370] 229| 961| 913/1010/2039) 2891) 810) 777
[ February 501! 335/1101) 768) 859)1824 2909 12 201} 503
March 632] 6181359! 623] 710/1485) 2675\1204| 674
; April 847| 8281940) 699) 5081091) 2129 1267| 690
S| | May 871|1162/2170) 630] 568] 848] 1975 1023] 753
Soe} June 786) 509)1343) 660) 838)1416) 2639 1053) 756
2 || July 697| 318) 919) 434) 609/1409) 3129 1751] 734
& August | 623) 271/1220) 471) 597|1627| 2739/1564] s8g
ag September 622) 566 1428) 789) 7841348) 2525/1013) 925
3 October | 760] 386] 603] 672] 855|1639| 31321206) 747
te | | November] 545) 237) 942) 866) 856 1923 3102 845| 684
eullate December | 381| 230| 764) 943/1092|2129| 2832) 833| 795
Bi Spring 790 869, 1833, 650) 595, 1142, 22601165] 706|N. 69 487 W.|.104 /N. 583 E. |.18
= A Summer 702) 266 1161 521) 681 1484) 2836/1456 793)/S. 88 1 W.|.31 |N. 49 W.|.07
isi) = Autumn | 642) 396] 991) 776] 832/1636) 2920 1022] 785/S. 73°19 W.|.31 |S. 54 W.|.05
Sa Winter | 417) 265] 942) 875) 9871997) 2877) 948] 6928. 61 29 W.|.36}|S. 293 W.|.134
Go FA The year | 638) 474/1229) 706 774| 1565) 27231147] 744/S. 76 59 W.|.26
9 A.M. |3275|2625|5490 3980/4190 8575 13465 5120/3950
3 P.M. 3825 2780 6555 4745/4270 8100 11625 6060/2720
L]9 P.M. |2835/2365/4255 3765 '3610'8795 11895 4990 8180
5.4 (|Summer | 2 10) 12) 13) 8) 23; 11) 19) .../8. 48 37 W.|.17 |N. 412 E. |.19 | 92
28] Winter 2 1 2} 14) #14) 38 14 13 S. 43 56 W.|.54 |S. 42 W./.18 90
85 (|The year | 2| 6/ 7 14) 11] 31| 13) 16 SEW CEL NW AILEYS Ill caneenen: ... | 365
Spring 7| 7 17) 7 6] 19 18) 8) “4/8. 56 22 W.|.13 |N. 63 E. |.15
2: || Summer 6} 4 9) 6 6) 21) 24) 11) 5/5. 74 29 W.|.34|N. 57 W. .10
=S }) Autumn 4, 4) 11) 8 7 23; 19) 7 8/8. 50 25 W.|.293)8. 253 E, |.04y
|e" | Winter Al S3\) az iS 7) 25, 23 5] 7/8. 53 21 W.).40 8. 39} W./.12
|The year | 21) 18 a4 30 ll 88 a 31] 24/5, 59 12 W.|.283

' Computed from observations at Nephin, Ballina, Slieve League, Markree, Slieve Donard, Killybegs, Cuileagh,
Sawel, Armagh, Divis, Killough, and Donagadee.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

* For note to this reference see (*) at foot of next page.

SERIES B. ZONE 8. LAT. 50° TO 55° N. 153

(Nos. 26 to 48.) Ireland.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
D1FFERENT POINTS OF THE CoMPASS. ta influences. 4
3 mf
fe a = LE Ae Se
Place of Time of 32 $3 8 53] | Direction of | 29 | o |
observation. | the year. ne 25 fae | Bp |.ic | Tesultant. |o 5 | Direction. So
3 | 9 S Bi ed A os 3 é 2 f
test ~a O ste! SPce] es eel Fs! on Py 8 p
Ri/AS| @ ihe] S/FS) B |Fo| ee Zo Se a
4 \as || ketal) et otal) es ess | a | Staal
~All Sips 790| 869]1823} 650) 595)1142 2260/1165] 706|N. 69° 47/ W.}.11 |N. 66°R. |.15 )2024 :
Summer /|3732/4726/3081|4161 38265979, 10681)/8251) 823)N. 80 28 W.}.26 |N. 155 W.).07 (2428 }
tae Autumn 642] 396] 991] 776] 832/1636) 2920/1022) 785/S. 73 19 W.!.31 |S. 414 W.|.09 2002 |
53°to54°.! || Winter |3039/2262)2567/4305|5773)/7161,10245|7929) 692/S. 75 9 W.|.32 |S. 495 W.).094 2372 j
Moxa OV || call coal] ceall exe ws] ee '‘S. 84 17 W..24 sous. ||! ego (eeeAg:|
(| Spring 42) 37| 32) 26 29) 137| 75 68} ... &. 78 57 W.).33 |S. 29 W.!.06 | 153
Summer 94) 39) 46) 31) 43) 188) 217 | 194) ... N. 81 10 W.|.46 |N. 63} W.|.173 276 |
ae Autumn 47) 31] 30) 22 29) 106, 60 67| --. S. 88 24 W.|.30 |S. 75 W.|.05 | 152 §
Winter 79| 80] 37| 30] 72/118) 47 56] ... S. 88 26 W.|.11 |N. 89 E. -1gi | 180 §
L| The year3 8 oth||e Local’. uccoll need), ates coo|| cco fh Gh) SEY WP cebecn cco || COIL
Spring 73 164 56) 81) 154) 157, 220 . |S. 81 12 W.|.20 |N. 70 E. |.09 | 368
| Summer 773} 77) +23) 303) 117) 212) 3153) S. 88 25 W.|.49 |N. 783 W.|.21 | 368
ean Autumn 72) 141] 38 83/1333) 178, 230 - S. 82 19 W.).261 |N. 383K. |.03$| 364 F
[ Winter 60) 114) 67) 683)1885/1955| 191 - S. 49 35 W.).261|S. 36 E. |.134) 361 §
The year |2823| 496) 184| 263 593|7424| 9562 SS i PAS AWG ee NF eo roce ... {1461 §
Summer i6) 8} 14 5 wl US 8 . |N. 45 27.W.|.13 |N. 684 E. |.213| 92 §
an | Winter 16 4 3 5} 14} 20) 22 . |S. 87 41 W.|.38 |S. 683 W.|.11 90
The year 15 6 9 5) 11) 19) 20 16 IN. 84 43) W./-28 | ...--- ... | 365 f
Summer WSs} 17) 5 7 8) 23) 15 13 |N. 74 52 W.).19 |N. 452 E. |.153) 92
a Winter 7 5 4 4 18 23) 24 16 8. 69 42 W.).44 |S. 515 W.).15 90 |
The year 10); 11 4 6| 13) 23) 19 14 |S. 78 41 W./.30 | ...... .. | 365 |
Spring 230| 402] 176] 214] 366] 588) 590 | 424] ... |S. 80 16 W. .231\8. 3 E. |.06 | 521
{ Summer | +451] 29¢] 173) 165) 398] 9881185 | 975] ... |N. 86 22 W.|.45 |N. 68 W.|.17 | 836
istads Autumn | 328] 417| 162) 298) 421) 840, 704 | 686) ... IS. 83 58 W,!.29 JN. 9 W.|.003| 689
52° to 53°.2 | | Winter 338] 438] 233] 243) 598) 733) 585 | 390] ... |S. 61 15 W.|.21 |S. 58 HE. |.124) 749
The year3 Boe Wace TEA |E Lease VA meee a3 coo|| cor Sh RA BS VWVeleB) i] conens ee 2090
Summer 19 9} 12 9) 12 18 16 14 |N. 73 18 W.).13 |N. 6 E. |.12 92
cee | Winter 8 8} 13) 12) 12) 20) 17 10 |S. 38 32 W.|.18 |S. 25 E. |.063/ 90
ye The year 8) 8} 13) 10) 12) 19) 17 12 |S. 59) 39 W.).16 | ...... soot |) Bho) | |
Summer § Gy atk al 2) 37) 15 6 |S. 47 18 W.|.27 |S. 67 HE. |.123 92
ae | Winter 13 5 3 6 5) 35 21 13) ... |S. 79 46 W.|.42 |N. 59} W.|.114| 90 §
townshend (| The year 10) -%) 7, = Dh 8 ay 18 OW ces ie 66 47 W.)|.34 | ...... 20365

1 Observed at Athy, Bencorr, Dublin (2 stations), Hill of Houth, Kippure, Portarlington, and Westport.
2 Observed at Courtown, Dunmore, Forth Mountain, Keefer, Kilrush, Knockanaffrin, Limerick, and Tara Hill.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

* (Note to Phenix Park, Dublin, preceding page.) Comparison of results afforded by the anemometers of Whe-
well and of Lind, with those computed from the number of observations only.

1840 to 1852. 1845 to 1852.
Number | Whewell’s Number Whewell’s Lind’s
Months of observations. Anemometer, of observations. Anemometer. Anemometer.
and year.
Direction Direction Direction Direction Direction
of resultant. of resultant. of resultant. of resultant. of resultant.
January |S. 53° 8/ W.).424 q 53° 45/ W.|.421 |S. 36° 3/ W.|.39 |S. 45°34’ W..41 5. 33° 49’ W.|.023
| February |S. 67 0 W.|.34 S. 66 9 W.|.294 |S. 69 39 W.|.50 |S. 75 26 W..474 |S. 69 2 W.|.024
March S. 80 45 W.|.194 |S. 76 35 W.|.20} |S. 89 13 W.].18 |S. 79 59 W..194 |8. 51 12 W.|.01
j April N. 59 19 W.|.054 |S. 70 40 W..11 N. 47 11 W.}.04 |5. 46 38 W.).07 N.89 49 W.).00 §
May N. 38 37 W. -01; /N. 86 2 W.|. 93 |S. 75 7 W.).08 |N.89 3 W.!.124 |S. 64 49 W.}.01
fF June 5S. 75 30 W.|.22 |S. 77 33 W.).20k |S. 49 11 W. 24 |S. 76 45 W.'.19 S. 65 28 W.!.01 §
July S. 88 38 W.|.354'S. 87 2 Ww.|.22 8. 72 23 W.|.263)5S. 85 25 W.|.19 S$. 68 3 W.).01
August S. 80 21 W.|.324|S. 78 48 W.|.18 S. 79 52 W.|.31° |S. 79 10 W.|.19 S. 75 10 W.!}.01
} September 5. 69 32 W.|.13 iS 74 18 W.|.124 |S. 54 16 W.|.09 |S. 87 33 W.!.10 8. 86 31 W.!}.01
October 8. 79 13 W.|.314 iN. 89 56 W.|.20} |S. 68 59 W.).293)/5S. 86 20 W.|.22 8. 75 50 W.|.01
November|S. 65 34 W. 373 5. 68 18 W.|.214 |S. 70 7 W.|.424/S. 73 26 W.).293 |S. 61 12 W.|.013
December |S. 46 3 W.!.37 is: 47 48 W.|.29i |S. 53 26 W.|.384|S. 47 59 W.|.33 |S. 37 50 W.}.013
The year |S. 70 40 W. p08, Bi 70 15 W.|.2504 |S. 66 24 W. .307/S. 70 17 WP 2808 5S. 58 26 W.|.143}

20 October, 1874,

154 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 26 to 48.) Ireland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant,

Place of Time of
observation, the year.

Direction.

variable.

E. or be- ;
to sum of winds,

North.
tween N. & E
tween S. & E
tween N. & W
Calm or

Ratio of resultant
Number of days,

N.

Spring 38| 117| 3) 209| 132) 53°50! W.|.13 |S. 82° E. |.11 |1104
Summer j) | 251) 219 88 18 W.|. - 74 «185 |1196
Autumn 92 | 260) 116 69 42 W.|. . 802 E. |.035 /1154
Winter 5 277! 101 63 39 W.|.203|S. 46 E. |. 1080

The year? Secll" Saal eceoil! sceaif acs!!! rece! ae 73 |
Spring 3 23] 209) 132 53 a 5 belts 1104
3. | Summer 3| 71 | 5 306) 250 87 we . 614 W.|.16 [1380
Latitude Autumn rE 92) | d 260) 116 69 aie - 802 E. |. 1154
51°to 52°.! | | Winter 91) 128 332) 139 65 «2 . 864 E. |.02 |1260
The tyear2)|) 22|) eeen|) ees tems) ee ten=]| eten 67 2: ale --- |4898

Anh Tn nn mh

1 Observed at Cahirciven, Castletownshend, and Cork, and the annual resultant computed from the annual
resultants at these places by plotting.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 49 to 55.) Irish Sea, Scotland, south of latitude 55°, and Wales.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—
Aberavon, Wales, for a period of three months in autumn, date and name of observer not preserved.
Calf of Man, Trish Sea, by W. Cumming, from January to September, 1868, inclusive.
Isle of Man, Irish Sea, from the year 1822 to 1831 inclusive (Edinburgh Philosophical Journal).
Slogarie, Scotland, by Thomas R. Bruce, for 39 months in the years 1864 to 1868 inclusive.
Swansea, Wales, by Jenkins, for a period of six years—1842 to 1848.
Lampeter, Wales, during the year 1868.
Llandudno, Wales, during the years 1867 and 1868.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
Di®FERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. | the year. Direction.

E. or be-
tween 8S, & E.

alm or
variable,
to sum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

tween N.& E.
s.
S. W. or be-
tween S. & W. |
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W. |

| (o)
Number of days.

Re or be-

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year
Spring
Summer
September
Jan.& Feb.
The year!
Spring

51 Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Ne)
bo
=)

83° 40/ E. |.
36 W.|.
52

eRe}
or
No

Slogarie.

' ONROHD: OMwh: :

te

52.
Swansea.

APARNA Ann AA
mm AMMA minmin

53.

Aberavon, Autumn

a

The year

4 4 # 4aa4e4aaeaaarasas

The year aoe|) UNG] ooo 3 | fess ool coo NE 79

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SHERIES B. ZONE 8: LAT.50° TO 55° N. 155

(Nos. 56 to 133.) England.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Alderly Rectory, during the year 1821.

Aldershot Camp, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Allenheads, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Barnstable, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Bath, during the years 1867 and 1868. _

Boston, during December, 1854, and the years 1855, 1856, 1867 and 1868.

Bournemouth, during the year 1867.

Bristol, during the years 1777 and 1778.

Bushy Heath, by Col. Beaufroy, during the years 1818 to 1822 inclusive, 1824 and 1825.

Cambridge, first six months of the year 1857

Camden Town, during the year 1868.

Cardington, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Carlisle, during the years 1835, 1867 and 1868.

Cheltenham, during the year 1837, by Moss.

Chiswick, by W. B. Booth, during the years 1827 and 1856.

Clifton, during the years 1853 to 1862 inclusive.

Cockermouth, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Delphen, during one year—date not preserved.

Derby, during the years 1812, 1813, 1867 and 1868.

Devonport, during the years 1841 and 1842.

Haslbourne, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Hccles, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Epping, by T. Squire, during the year 1826.

Fixeter, during the months of October and November, 1857.

Gloucester, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Gosport, by W. Burney, during the years 1816 to 1820, and 1825 to 1829, both inclusive.

Grantham, during the year 1868.

Greenwich (Observatory), during the years 1800 to 1808 inclusive, 1841, 1842, from December,
1854, to November, 1855, inclusive, and during the years 1867 and 1868.

Halifax, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Hawarden, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Helston, during the years 1822 and 1825, by M. P. Moyle; also during the years 1857 to 1868
inclusive.

High Wycombe, during one year—date not preserved.

Holkham, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Hull, by William Lawton, during the years 1849 to 1852 inclusive.

Kendal, by Marshall, during the year 1828, and five years whose date is not preserved.

Keswick, during one year—date not preserved.

Kingsley Parsonage, during the year 1867.

Lampeter, during the year 1868.

Lancaster, by John Heaton, during the years 1816, 1817, and 1819 to 1821 inclusive.

Leeds, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Liverpool, by Abraham, from 1828 to 1834 inclusive; also by some observer whose name does
not appear, from 1852 to 1855 inclusive.

London, by Howard, during the years 1806 to 1818 inclusive.

Manchester, by Thomas Hanson, during the years 1819, 1820 and 1821; also by observers whose
names do not appear, during the year 1801, and three years whose date is not preserved.

Mansfield Woodhouse, during a period of ten years, whose date is not preserved.

Marlborough College, during the years 1867 and 1868.

New Malton, by J. Stockton, during the years 1819 to 1822 inclusive, and 1825.

North Shields, during the years 1867 and 1868.

156 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos 56 to 133.) England.—Continued.
Nottingham, during the months of January to June, 1811, and July to November, 1857, both
inclusive, and during the year 1868.

Norwich, during the year 1868.

Osborne, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Otley, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Oxford, during the years 1828 to 1832 inclusive, 1854, 1867 and 1868.
“Penzance, by BH. C. Giddy, during the years 1807 to 1827 inclusive.
Ripon, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Royston, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Sidmouth, from September, 1811, to December, 1813, inclusive, and during the vears 1867 and

1868.

Silloth, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Southwick, during a period of eleven years—date not preserved.
Stonyhurst, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Stratford, by R. Howard, from October, 1822, to May, 1826, inclusive.
Strathfield Turgiss, during the year 1868.

Streatly Vicarage, during the year 1868.

Sturbington, from December, 1843, to November, 1844, inclusive.
Thetford, during the year 1837, by Bailey.

Truro, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Tunbridge Wells, during the year 1868.

Wakefield, during the year 1867.

Weybridge Heath, during the year 1868.

Wilton, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Wisbech, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Worthing, during the years 1867 and 1868.

York, during the year 1868.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Time of j . 5 5 z -| Direction of
the year. | — | 4 j gj | is Ee resultant.

wa

E

Direction.

Ratio of resul.
to sum of winds.

variable.
Number of days.

The year either ie BUL25 boc ole eles vs] sex | see) ace]: E210? Wel 20%

57. Keswick.

The year

58. Carlisle.

|

The year |121) 25 5 34/170, 265] 24) 121)104/378 ...(S. 52 16 W.

59. Kendal.

|

The year | “60 x eee us | <a ee

SERIES B. ZONE 8.. LAT. 50° TO 55° N. 157

(Nos. 56 to 133.) _ England.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE
influences.

Compass.

_ Direction of

Time of
resultant.

the year. } Direction.

Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
No. of days.

60. Lancaster.

Spring p00 ae ee C00 cod nt 200 cel) ‘coalfsh Bz?
Summer ae ve nod oo Bad rool) {3841- cco cool coolfsh (7)
Autumn BN) G55 Fel Re act By] con ee <ool| PAO! “seoll weal [Se BK
Winter C00 B00 oe boo noo 000 200 pool] casifsh 240)
The year 609 00 05 aco S00 200 on wee| oe /S- 40

61. Allenh

The year |123

62. Silloth.

The year | 71
|

63. North Shields.

The year |186

64. Ripon.

The year |205| ...

65. New Malton.

Spring Ai) ... | 34
Summer 65] ... wea) W5
Autumn | 46} ... céol| 10)
Winter 29) ... «| 22
The year (242) ... cce|| 8

atitude

68. Hawarden.

The year /190) ...

69. Eccles.

The year |179| ...| ...| ... ceili ees lise /UAA) re
I

1 Nos. 56 to 65 resultants combined by plotting.

158

(Nos. 56 to 133.) England.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE
CoMPASS.

Time of the
year,

Calm or

70. Ma

variable.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
tosum of winds,

Monsoon
influences.

Direction

Spring | wee] 22) ...) 6) ces
Summer sec gealt 2D Uo
Autumn Al irce
Winter soo LUO gen
The year ..|155

iS. 46°51! W.|.
iS. 39

8. 60 8 W.|.
Win:
27 W.|.
16 W.|.

S. 26
S. 47

53
36
50
23
35

71. Kingsley’s Parsonage.

Number of days.

GO| een |eeas:| tana OO:

72. Stonyhurst.

|
The year ee

73. Halifax.

147) ...

The year

74. Otley.

The year /|133] ...

75. Wakefield.

The year | 70

76. Leeds.

The year |205

77. York.

The year

a) .|

78. Mansfield Woodhouse.

y

The year 131] ... 388 185 cael] Gy Me So8 994) ...|702) ...] 682

79. Hull.

|
a 29/120) 9

The year 123) 17 | 65) 24| 176) 22/250) 22) 97

a 10

SERIES B. ZONE 8. LAT. 50° TO 55° N. 159

(Nos. 56 to 133.) England.— Continued.

SS EI EE EE EE I ET

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT PoInts Monsoon
OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Time of

the year. Direction.

4\a |Al ojo
2\/4|8 3
80. England, latitude 53° t

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Calm or var.

Mee HELE |] ase]! cool!) ceslfocell “ceallosol] “osalfool| ooo!) cde Goallezel) aaa!) “o55]| Gos||aanlleao IS ACMI YAN Yale

81. H

82.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

84. Nottingha 1.3

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

85. Alderly Rectory.

The year | 63

86. Wisbech.

The year |152

87. Grantham.

The year | 71

88. Cardington.

The year /170) ...
|
89. Boston and Cam

Spring 49 0
Summer 14 9| 6
Autumn 19 il

1

Winter 23
The yeart | ...

1 Nos. 67 to 79 combined by plotting. ;

2 In the years 1812 and 1813 the N. and N. E. winds were united, the E. and S. E., ete. They are here classed
as from the intermediate points N. N. E., E. S. E., ete.

3 The seasons include the years 181] and 1857 only, and the resultant for the year is computed from those
for the seasons, combined with the observations for 1868, which were as follows, viz., N. 79, E. 59, S. 40, W. 138.

4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

160

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 56 to 133.

OF THE COMPASS.

England.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS

Time of the
year,

North.

E,

N.N.

90. Royston.

4 lai} [ail of

South.

E
ean
all ie
ac

N W.
N. W.

N.

&| Direction
> °

| resultant.
4

C4

iS)

Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.
Direction.
ry
o
i]
[-}
B

Number of days,

- “ a

| eel
The year |172| ...| ...}..- | 79}. |. 193 | ahs a Ol [cro hskn tees PANN RDASy: |e eeeo a 731
!
91. Thetford.
r |
The year | 85 | 83}... 65}... 82)...,118, ...) 130 95)...|...|5. 40 40 W./.09 es - 365

.-|1116

367

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year

N. 68 W.|.10
S. 103 E. |.03
S. 51 W.|.132

97. Bristol.

The year 48. oe

388)...| 37]...

216)...

59

532)...

-- |156}...]...

19

al

98. Clifton.

silat

Spring
Summer

Winter
The year

uf

Tlterese
Autumn lene

6)

7

rary
=

woe

wooec®

so co TSI OS

17]...
alle
14\...

5|N. W.}.
3/5. 88 47 W.).
5|N. 58 12 W.|.
6\S. 75 16 W.|.
9|N. W.|.

E.
8. 83 W.|.22
N. 77 E. |.08
5S. 46 E. |.07

99. Bath.

if

1 Nos. 81 to 93 resultants combined by plotting.

HThe year {148 140]...] ...|.../149 294 S. 89 38 W.|.20 731
100. Gloucester. | i fi

The year 167 ai -|...|158}...| ...|...,128| 278 N.72 0 wom |... \731
101. Gaieshan

iThe year | 67 “4 91)... i gal...|-va| ...| aa7|.. s7l..| eal... 2.18.°34°55 Wil igo] eee | {365

SERIES

(Nos. 56 to 133.)

Time of the
year.

B. ZONE 8.

England.— Continued.

CoMPASs.

LAT.

50°

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE

io)
Za
a

a
Z

W.N. W.

WO BH2 MN,

Direction of
resultant.

variable.

Ratio of resultant

| Calm or

to sum of winds.

161

Monsoon
influences,

| Direction.

Number of days.

102. M

arlboro’ College.

The year

191

..|N. 58° 45/ W.|.133 |

103. Streatl

y Vicarage.

The year

81

104. Oxford.

Spring

51

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year

37
39
12
2324

3291

13
16
10
13

Pho tb

oh te

w
ran

92 |
92 |
91 |
90 §
10228 |

105. Strathfield Turgiss.

|| The year

103...

a

106. Aldershot Camp.

The year

160

107. High Wycombe.

49

25

| The year

71

109. Chiswick.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
'The year?

13
5

G4).
204) ...

110. Camden Town.

The year

131

N. 47 44

111. London.

| January

} February
March
April

| May
June
July

} August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

32

223
105
156) ...
96] .

580

| al

| 38
32
44
55)
48)
34
21
35
36
28
coal) BB)
«(131 N. 10 59
103 N. 82 52
-..| 99S. 72 48
-- {124.5. 79 29
-.. |457 N. 89

E.

w.|

W.).:
W.}.

2 W.).

112. Greenwich, 1800

to 1808.

The year

1461)1163

7659 1413 4980)741

1053

5840/2708

74/2026 :

8 8 31 W.!.0:

' Seasons of 1854 only.

> a =

162 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 56 to 133.) England.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS . Monsoon
OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Time of the

year, Direction.

to sum of winds

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or
Number of days.

113. Green

January
February
March
j April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
} December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

TRO WW COW RAT OR ROO

N. 57°24’ W. .02}!N. 55° E. .16
8S. 61 27 W.|.28 |S. 60 W..
S. 68 35 W.|. /320REEa
S. 54 45 W.. . 39 W..
S. 62 17 W.|. |

rt
ee
De

ome

pt

ee
SCoONO LNW RENEE BRD WWwWWW

BARRON NNNNNINE NW D
NORIO ROR Rw We be bbw

wre
HS 00 co Op 0 0 OD BD OD OD bw BS

FO HON WIR WR 9 0 Ob ROB Ww 09

Wan RONNHENRERENWWWNH
POON ONNNRrHENPNPNNhbe by

bo
co
[o'e)
bo
oo

| 49)...

is
bo

114. Bushy Heath.

} Spring 8 94 ...
} Summer Neco BS ace
j Autumn Al...) 43°...
| Winter Ui eos, Gull oe

The year | 93)... 886 ...

115. Delphen.

H The year | 47/41

116. Epping.

Spring 1057) (Sah) coal fBest|) 7AOHene

Summer | 90)...| ...|...| 79)...
} Autumn BD) rea! aeel|enol|| Olen
{ Winter DB h eral exes lesa Olena lise |e
| The year 378)... epa||ncel Sil lea

|
117. Tunbridge Wells.

The year 80 aa aa a. Aids NOG ees ees esel[lees sIMLG S|) tece eects:

118. England, latitude 51° to 52°.!

séalloeal|) ssalload codons} iecolicenl| ecolfass S00 |laoa|)ecBor (jznei| sooo: oso] Gan! BN .|.08 |N. 603 E. |.18

sxol| deajlscalf Gas.cs0|| ece|lceal| oeelhoo: Aan {leaal] ome [losolh soe. lleeall cos INE .|-265|N. 743 W.|.10

ZA | |] as |5re|| ceellena|), cas cecil] oes|lecal} scasllass on | |boal|#€aas siacollliecs: [forall aod) Si .|-162/S. 173 EB. |.04

} Winter sr\]2s0||| de6)|c5|), ooo cos|| ceollees|! soc ons xo, |leca|| eeae|[pecifltaee [loeal| aos] [Si W.|.21 |S. 263 W.|.06
Utaysya ein Sel ea! coalla-o| | caseGen Spal foeo BON |) acc {lee | eee IIeccllisae. |leca|| cool hSh .| 133

119. Penzance.

Spring //188 _lpaal...l2ar..le37 Za is 2431... 228)... |) con Sb 18
Summer [255).../150).../162}.../179 .../188)...] 295]...| 313]... w| oN. 74 25 W.).
Autumn |161).... 160... 213... 220 ... 248)... 293...) 234)... .| ....8. 73, 51 W.|-13 |S. 1625. |;

Winter 137].../229).../158).../199 ...|159}...| 314)...) 329)... ..| .. N. 83 43 W.|.19 |N. 783 W.|.0
The year |741\... peli 770|-.: 835 eee oe a8 eae SEMIN BY PAV A S| oer ro

- 95 to 117, resultants combined by plotting.

Sen RR See be eZiO2N eS ANI S02 eNO! S152) NT: 163

(Nos. 56 to 133.)

England.— Continued. ‘

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DirruRENT POINTS or + Monsoon

TH! COMPASS. Sui influences. .
pu ee
34 aa =
n> uo}
. Dice Sl
Time of the 7 a! _: | Direction of | 25 | 3
ear. =} <j . b a i= resultant. © ~ | Direction. Be
y A ia] = ia o
pcs : 2 a a A fe} |) es A 8 ; se : oO 3 fs)
B\2\alele|a| ala) sla) e|4| 3) 4) & |e $2 | ele

. 3 a ig s ° a y S es : : 3 S
Zzlalealalala| alal|aja| @/E| ele] ale Pee B| &

120. Helston, 1822 and 1825.

| Spring DM call Bl cel) ZHU coal! MB |) ool) Ue coal] BYE | cool 21 cco
Summer | 17! ...| 23) -..| 33) -.. ay el APA) cool] IU I essl} ee 2
ivctisnearay |) TSI SPO) cool TT eo!) Sa |) Sool Ah |) Sey) EN ona CBs) SSE (HA Bb) Aye ea IS Zul AVeIBIeAn yale
Scwyamtecee 1S) es2G eal 19) eho ee ON real eel LS a3 i -..|N. 54 46) We) lo IN) d4 | 0s) 1S0 H
A The year | 75) ...| 52) ...|110/ ...) 52 | ...| 64] .../167 | ... 7 || coolfUB3IL |] occllSls (2A TG Wal) cL cecccacca |) Goo) |) exo) |

a
is
We}

on, 1822, 1825 a

|The year |612) ...|272) ...|858) ...] 252) ...) 517| ...| 957) ...) 962) ...| 681) ... S. 84 30 W.|-173) ......... 200 5141 |

evonport.

; j ]
i The year |879 361/697|250)898/571)1212/773 1460)750)1407/590)1215/990)2393794|5. 77 24 W. NY |] occass 00 sco |} EXO)

124. Exeter.

f Oct.& Nov.| 16

125. Sidmouth.

Wal) coc seal Bil eee Palen SN er: 8 S.
December | 12] ...| 3] ...| 0] ...| |...) 0] ...| 6 4 | 8 N. 37 10W.2? .60 pouacee eco
flveny een | 304 |) es) eee 55 | cel) ee) eee) 245) ses] oe 362 ou S. 81 35 W. | .20 | oo || WS

126. Southwestern England.

| Spring
} Summer
Autumn
} Winter

'The year

: 55
74 0 W.|-1GS\S. 42
83 30 W.|.16 |S. 5
49 0 W.|.293\N. 26

Zann

127. Bournemouth.

Mhe year |106| ...) ...| ...) 34) ...| ... | ...| 82 | ...] ... | ...| 143] ...] ... | ...|N. 77 35 W.|.303) «...-..-- .- | 365

128. Gosport.

Spring _|125]...|310 |...| 155] ...| 227] ...| 132] ...] 278] ...] 222) ...| 207
Summer [158|...|202 |...) 85] ...| 156] ...] 122] ...] 446] ...] 244] ...| 243
Autumn 1|1'74)-..|156 |...| 132] ...| 116] ...| 117] ...| 312) ...] 230) ...] 281) ..
Winter |148|.../196 |...| 131] ...] 177] ...| 167] ...| 247] ...| 219) ...) 215] ...
|The year |605)...{1474)...|1126) ...| 172) ...{ 503] ...| 161] ...) 926) ...) 161

awa

129. Osbor

The year \173

FA Oe VPs acre Ogle Maelo iemeauias Wl AI| Po. Ib--..2) 73.)
|

2 Nos. 119 to 125, resultants combined b

' Season and month for 1811 only. y plotting.

164 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 56 to 133. England .— Continued.

OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Time of the | 5 : - | Direction of
year. | 3 * Fit ae = | resultant.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS | Monsoon
|
|
}
|

Direction, |

Ratio of resultant
tosum of winds
Number of days.

130. Sturbington.

The year | 42 354/317 68.8 149|265/6 | . 67°35! W.|.4°

| |

ole Worthing.

The year |172) ...| ... wealbecl Se Perce) realise PEN el aa) cool iS bER S| sos sensos

132. Eastbourne.

The year |152) =| 6

133. Southern and Southeastern England.!

The year | ...| | toa) acest) trees esl eae eealleece|! coll) aco) deelll Go| aol), ceo|)) cneffels A 0 W.|.28
' Nos. 127 to 132, resultants combined by plotting.

(Nos. 134 to 138.) France, north of latitude 50°.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Abbeville, by M. Callary, from December, 1840, to November, 1850, inclusive.
Cambray, by Cleomede Evard, during the years 1847 and 1848.
Dunkerque, by Dr. Gandyck, during the years 1850 to 1854 inclusive, and 1859.
Lille, by Victor Meurin, during the years 1853, 1859 and 1860.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Monsoon
POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place and | Time of | . a .| Direction of
kind of ob-| the year. _ iB gj “5 | Re | resultant.
servations. Bel hce| lhe “| EAI as : | ; f

Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

|

32! W.|.

3. 40 W.|.:
38 W.|.
2 W.!).
13 W.j).1¢
38 W.|.
41 W.).
8 W.|.
59 W.).2
hE) Miveils
0 W.).173
57 W.|.32
47

3 26
39

17

| Spring 5 0166 0174 ¢
Summer | 67 0118 0 44 0 4§ 89} 0102) 0288) 0171

Autumn | 60, 0123 0) 83 613: 36) 0| 0104 0.125

Winter 67) 0, 95) 0/105 0 98) 0143) 0119)

The year 272)... 470)... 317). ..-|406]... | TOL)... 589)...
Spring 59| 2} 91/18] 68) 2| 27) O 26) 4] 51) 11 116) 5} 65
Summer | 59) 7, 8210} 26 0| 14! 5, 29! 6] 72) 11,165] 5, 58
Autumn 30; 1) 72 1| 43) 4] 43] 9| 56] G| 64] 8] 98] 3
Winter 36| 1] 31] 0] 65} 0} 50 3) 5 4116) 3
The year 184/11/276 29/202! 6136 }4'21 301) 34/495 16]:
Spring 26/15] 42/12] 12) 2) 10} 6] 17)11 38] 15| 7
Summer | 31] 7] 21| 5} 9, 2) 7| 2! 27|10| 50, 48| 23) 3
Autunm | 15) 8! 31/10! §| 8] 26/15) 28/10) 31) 25] 14] 7
Winter | 17\13) 21| 7| 11] 6] 16/15) 41/13] 33) 20) 21] 8
The year | 89/43115/34 40/18] 5938 113/44/138 131) 73|25
Spring 7| 8 6! 8 4] 2) 10) 1) 5] 2] 8] 9] Ge
Summer 6} 4 3/3 | 4 2) 5] 7 17 81
Autumn 4 5 4/5 7| 3, 15) 7 11) 10) 4] 4
| Winter 10, 3 13) 5 | 6| 2 8} 2) 6! 5! 6
The year | 27/20 26)21 27| 8| 33,18) 42 23.17
Spring | 3323 48/20 16| 4| 20 7| 2213) 32) 47| 2113
| Summer | 37,11 24) 8 rip ait 32/17] 67| 73] 31 4
Autumn | 19/13 35/15 9) 8) 33.18] 43\17} 42] 35] 18 11
Winter | 27/16 34/12 11111] 2217] 49/15] 39 26 14 :
The year 1166314155 45 29 86 46 146 62/180 183) 96 42/126/34 8.

¢
§
4

bo

St oO to sT

co

J ~ bof-rep—op
LGA nMAA NAA

Surface Dunkerque. Abbeville. |

wind.
wo
TRA

wh S wp

Motion of
clouds.!

He Oth

PR RALARRANRRRR AAR A AAR NAA

we bo

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

' For the year 1853 only.

Time of
the year.

SERIES B. ZONE 8° LAT. 50° TO 55° N. 165

(Nos. 134 to 138.) France.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT + Monsoon
POINTS OF THE COMPASS. al 4 influences.
Place and Time of | =| | Direction of Ee
kind of ob-| the year. Pali) We gj «| = = = resultant. | ‘S| Direction.
servations. S | jpaellone Wie el ee | Soll os Z os 3
E14) 8/4) e | a) a fal 5 | ale] | BA ae =
: {a & a) 1) af. | RTS |e Cae) 6
Al4|4 |AA IA) ala) oe |ola |e eS pr os
oa ] ll ell
S | Spring 89} Q/118) 0} 48) 0} 26) 0) ‘87 0} 53 0) 98) 0 N. 7°42/ W.|.09L |N. 241°. |.132
-8 Summer | 68] 0/133 0! 32) 0| 6) 0) 36) 0/117] 0/114) 0 OIN. 54 7 W.|.22 |N. 35 W.!.20_
Ges) Autumn 76| O| 72 0; 27! 0} 40} 0/103) 0) 98 0) 75| 0 5S. 65 3 W./.152\S. 64 W./.08
inees [ Winter © | 31) 0; 81 0, 68) 0) 46) 0/153) 0'100) 0! 44) 0 'S. 10 40 B. |.29 |S. 26 &. |.282
o The year |264).../404 .../175 .../118| ./379)... 368) 331... -. |S. 66 25 W. O74 |
ee Spring Wesel eal Iecenice ok | es a fetal He JN. 35 15 W.|.17 IN. 183 E. |.15
-33||Summer | ..|... oxz|losol) conllccal] osalleccl| os|lccall coollacol| anollaelNG TS 2) Veale ING Ges walaig |
5 8 Autumn |). ccolfocs -..|S. 54 15 W.|.133 |S. 24 E. |.08
a 5 Winter ‘ | co8l|o50)) eojleo9 S. 27 15 W.).16 |S. 27h B. }.15
A™ (| The year "alle oe AUS ce a Fae Kg fa ea) oe full colpclSs G8 18 WW
i | Werth SALE IEG
! Nos. 134 to 137, resultants combined by plotting.
(Nos. 139 to 143.) Belgium.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Alost, during the years 1839 and 1840.

Brussels, during the years 1772 to 1779, 1833 to 1846, and December, 1854, to November, 1857,
all inclusive.

Ghent, during the years 1839, 1840 and 1841.

Louvain, during the year 1844.

Monsoon

+ RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,
influences.

Direction of

resultant, Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

No. of days.

139. Ghent.

4 ‘The year

195 |S. 65° 36/ W.| .25

140. Alost.

The year

104 168) 41 | 178) 30 | 90 | 24 101 60 | 152] 98

141. Brussels. Surface wind exclusive of the years 1833 to 1844,

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

.| The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
} The year

The year

142. Louvain.

rave l l
202) 82] 586 | 86 639163 | 195 42 | 224) 151) 603] 309] 447]
239| 115] 347 | 67 | 231| 73 | 189 25 | 400) 123| 1105/ 429] 491| 108] 339)
37| 467 | 83 | 373 83 | 347| 49 | 459) 252) 1308] 229) 375] 73) 81
45| 312 | 40 | 273| 81 | 236! 77 | 444| 277/ 1121) 307 506] 79| 322) 29

2791712 |276 |1516 400 | 967/193 1527) 803] 4137| 1174 1819! 333|1109) 153

Surface wind, 1833 to 1844.
3753!10622 69477393) 2045 3048 |2315/4 18856|13643/13085|5988| 3961/8. aezBeall oasescto
Motion of clouds.!
22 18 | 28 | 15 7 41 18 13
15 6 8 3 : 89 34 38
10 6 | 18 | 14 25) ¢ 46 | 27 34
14 Z|) 2) 2) 2 j 5 pil) ale} |) al
61 37 | 58 | 36 1 16 | 30 | 107 247 | 82 | 106

Aggregate.
la 4032)12334 7223/8909 |4015/2408 6239 22993|14817|14904 6321)720 b (ar) Me

|

The year

57 | 23 5 | 4 5 5 N. 67 43 w..354/ ee:
|

143. Belgium.?

The year

Ol]

| |

' For the year 1856 only. The resultant of the upper current for five years, 1842 to 1846, was S. 75° W. .31.
2 Nos. 159 to 142, resultants combined by plotting.

166 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 144 to 160.) Holland.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Amsterdam, during the years 1701 to 1749, and 1766 to 1770, both inclusive, 1855, 1858, 1859
and 1860, by Calkoen, Van Nijk, and others.

Assen, for an aggregate period of 46 months, in the years 1849, 1850, 1851 and 1855, by Dr.
Cohen.

Breda, during the years 1838 to 1846 inclusive, by Dr. Wenckebach.

De Helder, from December, 1848, to November, 1851, December, 1854, to November, 1855, and
December, 1856, to November, 1857, all inclusive, by C. Van Der Sterr.

Franeker, by Van Swinden, during the years 1771 to 1783 inclusive.

Groningen, by Prof. J. W. Ermerins, for an aggregate period of 46 months, in the years 1848 to
1851 inclusive, and 1855.

Haarlem, from December, 1848, to December, 1850, inclusive.

Hellevoetsluis, by K. C. Bunnik, from December, 1858, to November, 1860, inclusive.

Leeuwarden, by R. D. Smeding, during the years 1843 to 1867 inclusive.

Maastricht, by Prof. D. J. Steijn Parve, from December, 1854, to November, 1857, inclusive.

Nymegen, by P. Leenderts, from December, 1848, to November, 1851, and from December, 1854,
to November, 1855, both inclusive.

Utrecht, during the year 1842, and by Dr. F. W. C. Kresk, from December, 1848, to November,
1851, and from December, 1854, to November, 1855, both inclusive.

Vlissingen, by A. Klerck, from December, 1854, to November, 1857, inclusive.

Zwanenberg, from December, 1850, to November, 1851, inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Ww.N. W.
Calm or var

47° 43/E. |.
59 Weill:
11

Spring 3 23/162 29| 63| 16) 46) 13 101|
Summer 9) 18) 54 i 56} 4) 58) 18 201
Autumn i 6} 94) 5! 8: | SBE 7) 27)1387

Winter 36} 8| 96] 10) 6 | 53| 10/145) 41/161]

The year |2' 55/406 28 2 : 6} 99 60015

( Spring 15} 65 { 28) 20) 78] 13

| Summer | 26, 7! 23) 5) 33) 14 94) 22
Autumn 8 47) | 0} 32) 12) 36; 28) 46) 21

I Winter a 18| 1: j | 21) 72) 13
AUWERS «SENSI: |) ceoll) Saal) onal] <oon|t cool! -o-I] scl} opal] oce)h “Ssoll aoc )). 00

(| Spring

| | Summer

{ | Autumn

| Winter reall cof cect) coal! cenl) Acclienall! aee|| cea|| oan || casll) cae

| The year3 272280 525 233 626 i 30 936 1021 301/372

(| Spring 63| eos Til eee 45) ie. os | .../218] ...] 80) ...)142

| | Summer | 65) ... 139) ...| 46) ...) GO| ...| 66] .../311| ...) 91) .../157

| Autumn | 73] ... 179) ...| 36] ...) 991 ...| 98! .../283) ...! 64) ...1107
|
|

T=
as

oa
cor

ee

Ww. .

W.

1a |}
Weel
W.

145.
Hellevoet-
sluis.

DRRAAADM AAR DRAMA thst ThA

146.
Breda.!

147 & 148.

Nymegen. || Winter | 24! ....138! ...| 43] ...|129! ...l117] ..l287] ...| 52| ...| 81

BUOYS EE etl eesalb seca lb coslliecealll eal ceol| oscil aecl|, deol) aco conlfadeo Il cad\| “sos
Spring 88, 14) 29 31 12 49 85| 23) 64
Summer 32) 11) 12 23 5 19 3] 53} 1é 68) 35] 64
Autumn | 54 14) 43 12) 7 42 77\1é 60, 26) 50
| Winter 40 8 37 17 1

The year? | ...| .| cee) Bact lM gasl | esal Soa!) Socal! sagsl|/ aaa! oul ceo. |) acl} 055
| Spring 105 -|346| ven! GLI... (109)! .2.|| 5Y|| <-.|p00)) --4|) Wa Ol eel 2o9

149.

Maastricht 24| 16| 99/156! 75| 13! 36

Summer (117 Ge 28| ee] 0 Ul exes] LOG] 2-461) cel 8031) eal MSSieeee Ol
Autumn ial |293] ... 52) -.-/185) .../128) .../492] ...| 111) .../297
Winter 24) .. 7 b49 weo|| GO} coef LZ) cee fedl cj497])| ean) DSSieeeltlae

The year? | ... =| PO Weer Pare) ee ee Va Mn AlN coll ecclloes
|

150.
Utrecht.

|| gaaagaeaeaaaad:

' In the published report of these observations the direction of the resultant for each month was given, but
not its magnitude, and in computing from them the resultants for the seasons, as here given, the magnitudes
were assumed to be equal.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons. 3 Yor the first six years only.

{
(
|
4

SERIES B. ZONE 8. LAT. 50°.TO 55° N. 167

(Nos. 144 to 160.) Holland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE
Compass.

_Monsoon
influences,

Time of a - : : | Direction of
the year. 2 II ie ! =} jonas A Z : : 5 resultant.

fe
Za

Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days,

151. Southern Holland.!

j Spring 866) 52) 779) 35 337| 23) 223 779 390) 48
Summer 299) 36) 456 16) 330) 9] 3504 1151 429) 60
Autumn 252) 28) 656) 27 | 416) 35) 471 1035 305| 55)
Winter 135} 25) 538) 27 370| 24] 464 1116 347) 41
The year |1331/421/2967|338 /1692)223)1775 15029 )2512/505

152. Zwanenberg.

Spring 19
Summer | 20
Autumn 29
Winter 4
The year? | ...

153. Amsterdam. 1701 to 1715.

| Spring 29 | ...| 48 | ...| 50 | ...| 18 nl IZ |) cccll $9) |) con |} 2B
emminer 830 || | 36) || 4) 32) ..| 14 | 23) 16 | «| 62'] ... | 58
Autumn | 16 | ...| 22 | .../ 33] ...) 45] ...) 27] ...1 76] ... | 43
Wrneame® |] 1B lp coal) MD) |l reall BIS Hl eeel| Bh |) aeel| BLO scl ae) oe 1) BY) oe ...[S. | 228. ;
The year | 88 | ...(125 | ...|173 | ...[114 | ...| 90 | .../254 | ... |186 | ...|164 | ...|S. 6 al eT tee ee

1701 to 1749, and 1766 to 1770.
i The year | 49 | 2 | 60 | 13] 97 | 12| 42 | 14| 48 | 17] 134| 24 | 108| 26] 62 | 10/5. 6: Bi pSilaiteereacess

1855 and 1858 to 1860.

Spring 91/177] 178| 22) 28 | 13] 37 | 35] 72|109) 193) 57 | 59 | 46) 60
Summer | 109} 86} 73) 31) 22 | 12) 67 | 27} 82) 98) 266) 91 | 66 | 44) 83
Autumn 49) 93) 115] 34) 46 | 36) 92 | 68) 189/140] 149) 47 | 30 | 28) 42
Winter 60] 53] 115] 34] 59 | 30] 70 | 67| 223)/115| 200] 32 | 42 | 19) 44
The year | 309 481|121|155 | 91}266 |197| 566/462) 808/227 |197 |137/229

Aggregate.
The year |

154. Haarlem.

Spring 20
Summer | 27
Autumn
Winter
The year?

Spring
Summer

# Winter

WwW
é Ww
| Autumn | c 3 W.| .
ie Ww
The year WwW

' Nos. 144 to 150 combined. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

168 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 144 to 160.) Holland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE _Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place of Time of resultant.

observation, | the year. Direction,
E

to sum of winds.

alm or
variable.

ae
S

Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

. . 3s
A A | 3
3 ;
a a - Nn v7)
January 210/2054| 393]1912} 427|2580| 574) 1850
February | 111)1104| 338/1875| 5383854) 720) 1460
March ~ 370.1896) 454/1401) 314/2150 762} 2653
April 263)1608| 170) 967) 202 2460) 575, 3755
May 456)1340} 232/1125) 185)2186) 632) 3844
June 355/1454| 125] 553} 231/2107|1348} 3827
July 450 583] 128 623) 285 3427/1120) 3384
August 223! 772) 203) 603) 469 36901000) 3040
wee September] 201) 864| 580|1680| 564.2797, 824) 2490
Franeker. | | October 53, 597/ 235/2140/ 680 3060) 812) 2423
November| 101) 969} 290/2222) 605)2818) 643) 2352
December | 15011081| 334|2084| 460/3134| 545) 2215
Spring 1089/4944) 856/3493) 701|/6796 /1969/10252
Summer [1028/2809 456/1779) 985 9244/3468)10251
Autumn 355) 2420 1105/6042)1849/8675)2279) 7265
Winter 471 4259 1065 5871|1425/9568)1839) 5525
The year? oll ce meauiltrecedlleceell lees
Spring 15| “10 20 “15
Summer 5 Oe 27 16
Autumn pay) thal é 20 10
| Winter i 10} 10) 25 7
The year 2; 46) 36) 3s | 92' 36) 48
Spring 52) 80] 117) 42 77| 16: 38
| Summer 8} 60} 74) 34) 53) 110} 2% 46
Autumn 2 48) 107) 68 | 101) 1S 25
Winter 55| 77) 35 8) 134 3} 16
The year 3| 243] 375| 179] 260) 422) 634) 125

|
lL
if
|
lL
| Sti 33} 133) 25) 79) 27) 142 143

s
‘
x s
ei Fe

[ke

. 38°49 W.|.
37 20
60 59
. 64 32
61 21
. 63 42
46
43
4
17
55
27
57
41
58
36
29
18
10
42
59
7 47
§
28
53
21
2 34
14
41

te
den.

Nh

TA Wa iA

Summer 126} 19) 58 3] 282 2, 248

Fe Autumn 183) 45) 94 229 134

Winter 155| 44) 116 299) 6 141
The year? | ... | ... seal || cers |Uises) ||| se aon
r| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

160.
Northern
Holland.!

RARAAADNAART MANA ARR A AAnMnMM AA AAA

1 Nos. 152 to 159, resultant combined by plotting.
? Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 161 to 177.) Northwestern Germany.

Computed from observations made at the following places, viz. :—

Bremen, by Dr. Heineken, during the years 1829 to 1858 inclusive—as quoted by Dr. Prestel,
from a publication of them, by Dr. Hepke.

Brocken (mountain), Saxony, by Dr. Nehse, during the years 1836 to 1845 inclusive. (Transae-
tions of the Geographical Society of Berlin.)

Cotibus, Prussia, during the months of October and December, 1855, and January and February,1856.

Cusxhaven. The date of the observations at this place is not preserved, and it is uncertain
whether they embrace a period of twenty years or of only ten years.

Dusseldorf, Prussia, during the year 1783.

Emden, Hanover, during a period of 30 years, by Dr. Prestel—date not preserved.

Gotha, by von Loof, during the year 1846. (Monthly Transactions Geographical Society of Berlin.)

Gottingen, Hanover, during the year 1783.

SERIES B. ZONE 8. LAT. 50° TO 55° N. 169

(Nos. 161 to 177.) Northwestern Germany .— Continued.

Hamburg, for a period of 30 years, as published by Buck, in his ‘‘ Climate and Weather of Ham-
burg,” and for the succeeding 18 years, by Dr. V. G. Zimmerman. The dates are not given by Dr.
Prestel, from whom these observations are quoted.

Hanau, Hesse-Cassel, during the months of February to June inclusive, 1857.

Luneburg, Hanover. The remarks for Cuxhaven apply also to this place throughout.

Mulhausen, from December, 1854, to November, 1857, inclusive.

Munster, Prussia, published by Dr. Prestel, who does not give the length of the period of observa-
tion nor the date.

Norderney, Hanover, from April, 1858, to December, 1862, inclusive.

Paderborn, Prussia, during 21 months, in the years 1854 to 1857 inclusive.

Stone Lighthouse. Nothing but the direction of the resultant is given in the report from this place.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DivFHRENT POINTS -ff
OF THE COMPASS. a2 H
- =|

| Be
Place of | Time of the ‘ Direction of | son
obser7a- year. la dj 4 S S| = =| resultant. |S¢ i
tion. “=| 5 s all A ic P| A A 6 ae ia Se |
54) Ble) 2 lal a jul 3 lal Fe, Be) Pole |

So 2 s : 5 o a (Vie lis : eS
4/4| 4 |A| A A) w@ jo] a lw] «|e Ee |B) 2 liz pe

| j
161.

Dussel- } The year 97\74) 7825) 107/32) 83)/72 59/45 83/23} 152:22 62/58|N. 11° 35/ W.! .03
dorf. tl
162. |
ee j The year |... |...| |S. 54 55 W.|

house.! |

Spring 33}... 48)... 27)... Wlaos 13)... 70)... 34). 58|...|N. 57 13 W.| .20
163. Summer ol}... 39)... 30)... 22)... 16)... 67... 30)... 65|...)N. 62 58 W.| .i9
Norder- Winter I) ee 24)... 8} a0 45)... 32)... 97... op lleee 29).../S. 88 39 W.|..36 4
ney. Autumn 19:... 26)... il ben 47)... By 90)... 34]! 85].../5. 35 54 W.| .28 H
L| The year CB \ccal) TBA leos Of es elo aes 95)...| 324]...) 137)..:) 187):../S. 66 57 W.! -20}
(| January Slee. 5 26 12 13 25)... 11 5
February 6}... Chose 18}... 9}...| 10}... 19)... WY cee Utihcoc
March 8}... Neos 16}... 10}... 10)... TON eelf 2 | Dae coe 14)...
April 12)... 14)... 20)... Oheeco Alec 16}... NOH ace 12)...
May 16]... oC |e 17}... Tlece filo Uies0 Oc. i floas
June Weal) — Who 9]... 6)... OHercll P2lilccall Ts} 14
July Dees 8}... 6}... 5 10 24)... 22 17
164 August Ucoo Seal LO lee 6 8) 25)... 20. 14
iBheagteen 24 | September Gylen0 SHoo0 Won 9 13 20)... 15 1]
‘ October Die A)... 16}.. 11 14 24)... 18 7
November 5]. Hille PA ose 13 16}... 21)... Til on 6}...
December 4)... 6)... LY ico Ole. US|: 27)... ay leery ees
Spring 3500)... 3876|...| 5208)...) 2575|...; 2490|...) 5033)...|, 3605...) 3721)...,N. 1 28 W.| .03
Summer /3152)...| 2515)...) 2389]...) 1621)...) 2792)...| 7030)...| 6036 ...) 4459)....S. 84 40 W.) .30
: Autumn 1{1796)...| 1945)...) 52'75|...| 3305]...| 4321)...) 6590)...| 4353 ,,.| 2411).../S. 15 2 W.) .22
Winter {1335)...) 2022)...| 6258)...| 2971]...| 3648)...) 7078|...| 4536 ..,| 2152).../S. 11 9 W.|..22
The year |9783).../10358|.../19130)...|10472)...|13251) ...|25721|..-|18530 .../12743).../S. 41 41 W.| .14
|
Spring 41)... 20)... 48)... 10)... 22)... 42)... TT + 31 ...|N. 64 9 Ww. 19
165 Summer 34... USea5 21)... 10}... 26)... 48}... 98... 41)....N. 86 55 W.) 42
Mancier Autumn 19} -.- 2B o00 DD) ee 25)... 53}... 49}... 56)... 20!...)5. 15.55) W.)..19
“|| Winter 20)... 18)... 42)... Bil co 47)... 48)... 81}... 23).../5. 52 47 W.) .26
The year | 114\... 86)...| 166]... 66|...| 148]...] 187]|...[°° 312)...| “T15]...1S. 74 19 W.) .22
166.
Cux- }
haven. The year Silence DITlbee 49}... 36]... Olen 72)... 56)... 72)...|N. 87 39 W.|.18

! Probably the same as Borkum.

2 Emden. Monsoon influences :—
Spring N. 36° HR. .16 Autumn 8. 21° E. .12
Summer N. 68 W. .21 Winter S. 275 EB. .13

22. October, 1874,

170 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 161 to 177.) Northwestern Germany.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE 5 _Monsoon
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. He influences. :
Sa : a 8 Zz
eI id E E Fig s
Place of Time of the o2 | 38 33 52 | Direction of | 25 é ; | S
observation. year, 1 | ui | Bai Ep resultant. se Direction. | 5
2] aa| 2 |oS| Sled] = les 38 ee ce
B |e) aul eel Seeing eae ae Bales
%|22| a \as| a jae] Flas es a Z .
(| January 2 Ti) ay) aN) 26) 20 6
February | 2} 10) 14) 11) 2] 26) 21) 12
Mareh 3 ilal GW Bs ee |) aus AEA TL i
April 4 4 14) 13) 2] 18) 15) 20 :
| May 4) 14 13) 12) 3) 14 17 22 7
| June 3 7} 6] 11) 3} 20) 25) 24
July 3 6 7 7] 4 | 25) 27) 21
167 August el fal ei Sey S| Byah Bay) aie
Broo September) 3 7 41) 15) 3) 29) 17) 15
3 October 2 A) ett) He wale} i ta) 31| 22) 9
November| 2 Fly ry) als} 28 | PE ay
| December] 2] 6] 15) 11) 3] 31) 24) 8}
Spring 11 | 29) 36) 38) 8 | 51] 54) 59)S. 85° 4’ W.|.20 | N. 263°E.| .10| 2668
Summer 8 19} 20) 29) 9 72) 75) 64\S. 83 25 W.|.40 | N. 68 W.)| .17] 2668
Autumn 9 22) 35) 49/10) 88) 56] 32/S. 43 0 W.).27 |S. 32 E. | .11| 2689
Winter 6 | 23] 48) 34) 10 | 83) 65) 29/S. 48 12 W.}.25 |S. 432 E. | .68| 2617
The year | 34 | 93] 139] 150] 37 | 274) 250) 184/S. 66 24 W.|.26 Ssostroce -» | 10592
168 f February | 1 4 10) 4) 2 8} Li O;S. 49 5£#.?2/.38
Hausa Spring SN 2S oe es 9 6)N. 60 55 E.?).12
Day ( June 3) 6 2 10), 10 8 0} 1/N. 30 11E.??).39
First .
2 30 The year |381 |1130,1339|1134/504 |2164/2696)1600/S. 78 39 W.|.25 | ......... .- | 10957
5 | years.
= (| January 3 5) 13) 22) 5 23} 14) 15 1
a | February | 3 9} 7 16) 5] 28 16) 16 '
x March D 44 9 14 4) 19) 14) 21 H
« April 5 16) LO), Di 3) Lal 13) 20
= May 3/ 18) 8 16] 3) 14) 14) 24
June 2|/ 10) 4) 11) 2/ 19) 22) 30
July 3 6| 4) 9) 4] 25) 24) 25
48 August 3 8) By) By) Bh | Pari alll 2)
yards September) 2 OG | eid] ao: 24) 20) 19
years: 1! October | 2] 8] 9| 16] 7] 27] 15] 16
November) 3 8} 8 1g on ee25) a airiat eal
December| 2 AE OS a ek airy ae |
Spring | 13 | 38] 27] 67/ 10] 50) 41) 65|/N. 78 23 W.!.12 | N. 42 E. | .15
| Summer 8 | 24) 13) 33) 9] 71) 67) 75)/S. 87 47 W.j.39 | N. 67 W.| 18
| Autumn 7 | 25) 23) 50/17] SO) 52) 46)/S. 51 31 W.|.27 |S. 63. | .08
| Winter 8 21| 36) 54) 15 81; 47] 44/S. 39 22 W.|.24 |S. 33 E. | .12
The year | 36 | 108; 99) 184) 51 | 282) 207/ 230/S. 68 11 W.|.24
170. « [hee : |
Luneburg. he year | 16 31 35; 32) 29 | 63) 97/ 62/S. 82 14 W.|.29
iB, | October 0 al 0} 1) 8] 6] 14) O/S. 53 34W.271.55R| esses Roe) | Ze)
Cottbus. Winter 1 4 9) S|) $85) 121 SS eS 5 Sia yVisrles Gln lmeneteaneses da 78
Spring 19 14 29) 31) 40 | 28) 59) 21|S. 40 51 W./.21 | N. 40 E, | .18 241
172. | Summer 14} 11) 17 25) 33) 41) 66 33'S. 65 31 W.|.35 | N. 254 W.| .16 240
Paderborn, } | 4utumn 4 4); 18) 26) 46 | 21) 23) 8|S. 3 4 W.).45 |S. 55 E. | .27 150
| Winter 3 0} 4 4 31 32); 38) 8|S. 51 13 W.|.64 |S. 67 W.| .28 120
| PHevy@ar? | 0 |) ssellsses | osor || cel |! eeoaill ween ll nese l| See OMS VEINS Sil |e ak 751
f Spring N. 85 15 W.|.133| N. 35° EH. |.11 -
173. | Summer S. 86 30 W.|.33 | N. 67 W.|.15
Rhenish /| Autumn S. 27 0 W.|.28 | 8. 21 BE. |.18t
Prussia.! | Winter S. 42 45 W.|.31 |S. 6 W.|.153$
(| The year S. 68 15 W.|.21

1 Nos. 161, 163 to 167, and 169, 170 and 172, resultants combined by plotting.
? Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SHREES By ZONH 8: LAT 50° TO 55° N. 171
(Nos. 161 to 177.) Northwestern Germany.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE Or WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS

Monsoon
OF THE COMPASS.

influences.

Direction
Time of the A 5 2 : of
year.

resultant. Direction, |

Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

174. Gottingen

The year | 45) 54 - 35°31’ W.|.093

175. Mulhausen.

°

Spring 33 ‘ 30) 28)
Summer | 43 35) 51)
Autumn | 17 23) 13
| Winter 19 2 3) 1s 39| 26
The year |112 ‘ 127/118

Ot west
Re OT 09
NEN Et

4nae

176. Brock

i
7 The year 7 1890|786|1780/769 968/330) 8.
H |

177. Gotha.!

} The year? | 52

(Nos. 178 to 180(0).) Southern Denmark.
Observed as follows :—
eae

Place of observation. By whom observed. venb in, of Date.

yrs. mos.
Apenrade A. Neuber : 9 0 1812 to 1820 inclusive, and ten times a day from June,
1824, to May, 1825, inclusive.

Kiel nod cen conan coe December, 1854, to November, 1857, inclusive.
Maibolgaard Jessen : 1861 to 1870 inclusive.

Naesgaard Lacoppidan 1861 to 1870 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS
OF THE COMPASS.

|
|
|
|

Place of Time of : : é 3} Direction of
observation, the year, es 3 3 é | resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Spring

F Summer
178. Kiel. | Autumn

Winter

The year

. 67° WE. | .04
78 53 W.| .
22 31 W.
23 18 W.) .
17 36 W.

Ta th TA tn

Time of the
year.

. 178 to 180(b).) ©

WINDS OF

| RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS

OF THE COMPASS.

THE GLOBBR.

Southern Denmark.— Continued.

)

| Direction of

resultant,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Force.

January 15
} February 4

} March 13
April 21
May 10
June 9
July 1
August 5
September) 1
} October 4
November} 3
f December| 5
f Spring 44
} Summer 15
| Autumn 8
Winter 24
The year | 91

penrade,

ry

43

ee
=

0
1} 13) 5
8) 42
6} 18
3] 19
3] 48
5} OF 5) 6
8
4
6
0
0

ne
es)
H

7 OON
bo

oOo -1

i

BH

Z4
37
41
0} 5
2| 0
79
77
78
27
255

133
29
61
13

299

66
38
16
34
154

bor EH ONr OW
w.

179 (a).

Apenrade,

|
6) 8} 6

, 1812 to 1820.

38
22) 6
PB ifetey) Ue a
9} 11
12

Ty sti~ 6 8
11). 8{ 9]
22
21
19
17
44
33
62
61
200

| 20)
- 7]
| 41

76
228/218

35
\178

15} 5) 0} 0

100) 94

42)
63
35)
43)
19
28) 18
26] 16
24, 7
34, 3
23) 27
23) 7
13} 16
97| 78 N.
231 125) 78) 41 N.
76, 46) 80) 378.
72) 99) 73/118) 66'S.
alee 373 aa

34
16
10
37
31

17
14
14
ez)
35
39)
70)
16
Pa) i
29) 23\5 9
32)
34, 42!
102 76

w
iS
o>

9°46’ W.) .08}
84 35 W.| .283

. 49° E.
-40 W.
- 16 E.
Gel Wis

24
13
23
oli

i | | | |
} The year |700)... 1183]...{1684| ... eal «-. (739)... |1368)...|1749 1586 .-|N. 64 21 W.} .08
; | |
180. Southern Denmark. Nos. 178 and 179 combined.
H | | |
H Spring 58| 14) 94, 39,115 148 69 47 aal 28) 55) 49131, aalisé ake 2 21 W.|’.063 | N. 49° E, | .23
Summer 31] 12) 58] 12) 95) 98] 56) 34] 39] 19] 90) 62/284 130/116 45 N. 88 32 W.} .284 | N. 46 W.| .14
} Autumn 18} 13) 36) 11/115) 64) 96) 64)126/107|158) 64/106) 47\109| 38S. 24 18 W.|.30 |S. 173 E. -193
Winter 29] 12) 49) 12) 50| 16} 72) 67/109} 83|157) 77 142) 75/139) 668. 63 32 W.| .343| 5. 68 W.| .144
} The year |136} 51/237 ube apeps 237/460 /252 Bee ia ae S. 63 49 W.| .20
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE ~
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa
£8
E 3 E 1S Fig
Place of Time of the og $38 | 2 53 : | Direction of | 253
observation, year. a en Fae Ey | < resultant. wd,
Pane Belial ead canes 32
4 |22| A |wt| a jas] & laz |S 4
January 9 | 8 j 8 5
February | 10 | 10 | 10 8 6 | 27 | 10 3 |
March 14 | 24 | 13 | 10 5 | 16 5 5 |
| April LG) | UB LOS | ode| ze LG 8) |) ea
| May Uy aay heat al) Gi LOR eso 6
| June TT eee eu ae PAL PAE) 8)
| July 10 4 By alte OF e2an louie
5 e August 12 6 6 | 14 7 | 22 | 12 | 10
ae September| 10} 5/ 4/19/10/298| 6| 4
: | October 14 SP) Lb 5 |) Or 20 4 3
November) 16 | 10 6 | 10} 11 | 28} 4 4
December | 14 | 11 Ff) ALM eel Gy
Spring 45 | 52 | 34 | 29] 18 | 51 | 22 | 17 N. 47°44’ BE. | .10 | N. 381 E. | .20
Summer 35 | 17 | 17 | 39 | 22 | 65 | 39 | 32 8. 62 59 W.! -213 |S. 864 W.| .14
Autumn 40 | 23 | 2 44 | 31 | 77 | 14] 11 S. 4 11 W./ .20 |S. 174 EB. | .12
Winter 33 | 36 | 27 | 30 | 23 | 80 | 25 | 13 8. 27 2 al 14 |S. 214 W.| .04
The year |153 |128 |103 |142 | 94 |273 3 Bile

SERIES B. ZONE 8. LAT. 50° TO 55° N. 173

(Nos. 178 to 180(6).) Southern Denmark.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE ks Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences.
2A re
As si & iE Ze s
} Place of Time of the ec b3 82 B38 g | Direction of | 5S om
observation. year. nz ou LH Se |. resultant. ‘Sg | Direction. 2
a |oa _ ee) 4 Sees oe on of 3 | a
% |A8| 2 jas] BIBS) BFS | es we 2 | 48
z 22| a |u=| & |uz| & e216 & g | 2
(| January 3) | @ 8 | 16 | 13 | 26} 13 7
February 2 | 10 8 9} 10 | 22 | 15 9
March 4) 13) 15 | 18} 12} 12 i) i} Ke)
April Dt hy 8 | 19 | 10 | 14] 11 | 18
May 3 | 8 | 12} 19 9 | 16 | 14} 12
June 2 5 | 10 | 14} 10 | 19 ) 11 |.17
July i 5 Tg} 9 | 23 | 14 | 16
180(6) August Zl by le Ip al Ne ©) PAL |} ale} yh ale/
Naesenard Sept’mber| 3] 5] 8] 17} 15) 21) 9 | 11
S “| | October ould 8 | 19 | 17 | 20 8 | 10
November} 4 8 5 | 14 | 16 | 25 9 9
December | 4 9 6 | 14} 15 | 25 | 11 9
Spring 9 | 28 | 85 | 56 | 31 | 42 | 34 | 40 8. 2°52/E. | .16| N. 57° E. |.14
Summer 5 | 15 | 24 | 43 | 28 | 63 | 38 | 50 8. 45 29 W.| .28|N. 68 W.|.10
Autumn 10 | 20 | 21 | 50 | 48 | 66 | 26 | 30 8.15 7 W.) .32-| 8. 15 E. |.074
Winter 9 | 25 | 22) 39 | 38 | 73 | 39 | 25 8. 29 15 W.| .31 |S. 522 W.).06
L| The year | 33 | 88 /102 |188 |145 |244 |137 |145 8. 26 4 W.| .26 Fi
(Nos. 181 to 198.) Northern Germany.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Alstedt, Prussia, during the years 1825, 1826 and 1827.

Aschersleben, Prussia, Dr. Mahlmann, from whom we quote, gives the resultant for this place, but
not the data from which it was computed.

Berlin, Prussia, during the years 1769 to 1779, from December, 1854, to November, 1855, from
December, 1856, to November, 1857, all inclusive; also during two periods without date, one of 17
years, reported by the British Association for the Advancement of Science, and the other of 25
years.

Dessau, during the month of March, 1855.

Dresden, Saxony, from December, 1854, to November, 1857, inclusive.

Erfurth, Saxe-Weimar, during the years 1781 to 1784 inclusive, and also during a period of five
years whose date does not appear.

Frankenheim, Bavaria, during the years 1825 and 1826.

Hof, Bavaria, during the year 1841.

Timenau, Saxe-Weimar, during the years 1823 to 1827 inclusive.

Jena, Saxe-Weimar, during the years 1823 to 1827, and 1833 to 1835, both inclusive.

Leipsic, Saxony, from December, 1854, to November, 1857, inclusive (except July, 1856).

Putbus, Prussia, from December, 1854, to November, 1857, inclusive.

Schéndorf, Saxony, during the years 1823 to 1826 inclusive.

Stettin, from 1848 to 1867, twenty years ; published annually.

Strehla, Saxony, during 19 months of the years 1854 to 1857 inclusive.

Weimar, Saxe-Weimar, during the years 1823, 1824, 1825 and 1827.

174 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 181 to 198.) Northern Germany.— Continued.
Seen EE a ae aa,
2 oy 2) ENCE WIN *ROM THE Monsoon
‘a Sari ph Abe oe 2 Conia. i 5 s | influences. a
] : 5a £4 | g
3 | A se ata. 5 ze S
; f oe} bo 3B 28 ; Direction o SS) ; :
Sbearrenon cHoReRE Bz - ea Be 3 resultant. | % 8 Direction. C 3
2 ez |) 5 Se ite a A g
2 )asl slag) = le8) 2 les les ie £| 5
=s |\Z2=| a luk] a |a2| & lze/6 3 |
| a } — | SS
181. ;
Ascher- = The year | -- | .- eaileeuetlp sate baa eral cecil foo S. 50° 52/ W.|.30 ?
sleben. | |
(| Spring 23 | 55 9) 7] 19] 99] 26] 38 ‘S. 85 46 W.-25 | N. 46° E. |.12 | 276
182. | Summer | 23 | 38 4) 8 | 16] lo6; 51) 30 8 72 33 W. oe Soney W. .04 276
: Autumn | 11 | 39 | 8{ 15 | 14 | 130) 33) 23 S. 57 0 W..42 (8. 7 W..13 | 273
Alstedt. || Winter | 19 | 43] 6 6| 14 | 101| 43] 36) .... |S. 82 26 W.|-38 | N. 38} W.|.063| 270
|The year | 76 [175 | 27] 36 | 63 | 436) 153) 129 $.73 91 w.|-35 TEEN Mb Ce IO)s
ae |
= lz } The year |391 [311 | 652/334 |508 | 732| 923| 339) 6 |S. 55 10 W.|.17 | ......... ... [1461
ee
; EE The year | 5] 7 |. Ql 6) 4 | cay] 29) a2) 2. Is. 86 4B wilecOlele geet 1826
é | AR ”
rc =
| Spring 29 | 45 | 51/10] 11] 53) 130) 39) ... |N. 72 39 W.|.30 | N.52 E. | .17| 368
4. ( Summer | 21 | 48 | 26) 7] 18 69| 132) 47) ... |N. 83 43 W.|-41 N.18 E. | .07 | 368
ote Attu =) 14 |) 200i) 2014s onl Sez7i aio) me29 S. 74 55 W..56 |S. 44 W.| .17| 364
eimare || winter | 17 | 28 | 31] 11 | 15 | 91) 138] 30 §. 80 0 W.|.46 |S. 26 W.|.06| 361
L| The year | 81 [141 | 128| 42 | 64 | 290) 570) 145 Sess o4 Weldon) eee ... 11461
| Spring 65 | 92 | 58] 31 | 47 | 162) 191) 94 N. 86 42 W.|.31 |N. 45 E. | .10| 740
| Summer | 41 | 80 | 44] 39 | 33 | 218| 188] 93] ... |S. 79 35 W.|-39 | South | .02; 736
185. JJ ‘autumn | 34152 53] 36 | 57 | 210) 201) 85| ... IS. 70 18 W.|.41 |S. 1 XE. |.08 | 728
SEC | ‘winter | 40173 | 27| 32 | 27 | 206] 210] 106] ... |S. 84 54 W.|.46 | N. 79 W.| .07 | 721
\| The year |180 297 | 182/138 |164 | 796 790| 378| ... |S. 81 24 W.|-38 |... we [2925
Spring 23 | 64| 26/22 | 8 | 167] 64| 86] ... |S. 85 24 W.|.35 |N. 4 W.|.03 | 460
et fl Summer | 33 | 71 | 24] 24 | 20 | 116) 75| 97] ... |N. 80 29 W.|.30 |N. 25 EH, | .12| 460
+ 86. 3| Autumn | 28 | 34] 29) 23 | 37 | 153/ 100] 51] ... |S. 67 15 W.|-32 |S. 36 E. | .08 | 455
menau- 1 / winter | 17 | 28 | 32| 17 | 25 | 163; 82] 87] ... |S. 74 32 W.|.45 |S. 55 W.|.11] 451
The year |101 |197 | 111) 86 | 90 599) 321| 321 Soy itty WMevenl| Nereeeees | ces (URE
Spring /117 201 | 135) 63 | 66 382. 385 219) 0 IN. 86 6 W.|.31 |N.50 E. | .11
187. Summer | 95 199 | 94] 70 | 71 | 403] 395) 237) 0 |g. 89 47 W.|.36 | N. 303 E. | .06
Saxe | Autumn | 76 |106 | 102] 73 |114 | 440| 471) 165) 0 |S. 72 40 w.|.453|S. 27 W.| .10
Weimar.! || Winter | 74 |129 | 90 60 | 67 | 460\ 430) 223, 0 |s. 80 47 W.|.45$|S. 68} W.| .07
The year |758 953 |1094|605 |830 le 1195) 6 |S. 76 51 W.|.293
(| Spring 6 | 42] 16] 20| 1] 14) 49] 36] ... IN. 34 10 W.|-24 | ....... .. | 184
188. Summer | 8 | 28| 18/15 | 0] 18] 48| 49] ... IN. 50 13 W.|.33 | ....24. |.» | 184
Franken- Autumn 2) 16 19| 47 2 64) 62) 31] ... |S. 55 49 W.|.33 243
heim. Winter 9117| 17/40) 1] 40) 52) 35 S. 75 59 W.|.23 211
{UID Nsy ear c\ieeen| || weeeni| frees eneus| uses | ae. N. 84 23 W.|.25 730
Spring 261-36) eS |RGlehBS |) 626). 47l Biles Semtseeignuvps 20:7 eeeeenes ya | @2
tee Summer | 15 | 13 | 7|| 39) | 21 |) “49| 59) 53] S.issevere si walsbe|) eee =o
Hor Autumn | 8 | 15 | 21) 46 | 31 | 48! 77] 15] ... |S. 46 31 W.|.34 | ........ Pele ol
ws | Winter | 22] 24] 13] 50 | 34] 56} 44) 27) ... |S. 36 48 W.).23 | ou... ssa ESO
The year | 71 | 88 | 59/196 [111 | 179) 246] 135] ... |S. 54 41 W.|.23h] 0... w. | 365
Spring | 32] 78 | 34/81 | 36] 40) 96) 73] ... IN. 54 15 W.|.08 | N. 493 B. |.17
190. Summer | 23 | 41 | 25| 54 | 21 | 67) 107| 102} ... |N. 82 33 W.|.304| N. 454 W.|.15
Northern {| Autumn /| 10 | 31 | 40) 93 | 33 | 112 139) 46) ... |S. 47 19 W.).33 |S. 163 W.|.163
Bavaria.2 || Winter | 31 | 41 | 30) 90 | 35 | 96 a 62| ... |S. 53 37 W.|.22 | S..174 E. |.064
L) The years ann one “9 | |S. 71 7 W.|.203
i, | ye
beat }) Maren | 2) 8} 3 2] 3 4 IN. 41 46 W.72|.10 | oe... ee lenae
! Nos. 183 to 186 combined. 2 Nos. 188 to 189 combined.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

— sr yo ©

ae eS ES eee

(Nos. 181 to 198.)

SERIES B

ZONE 8.

LAT. 50°

Northern Germany .— Continued.

OQ Heo IN,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFURENT POINTS oF + Monsoon
THE COMPASS. a4 | influences. a
Time of the ; : 5 re _-| =| Direction of Beale ill i)
year. By [4 a nic 3 é = = ee te a &] resultant. BE Direction. : s
5 |2| 4/4] @ ja] ao fal S fal] Be) BA) Ble g3 E| &
zZ\12\ 2/8] a lal a lul wa lal a |B) BIE! 2 le 5 ae = |
192. Leipsic.
; j
Spring 15 | 6) 28 | 7 23 | 6) 30 | 3/ 10 /15) 47 |10) 24 | 5} 36 | 6)...)S. 65°51/ W. .10 | N. 59° E. |.14 | 271
Summer | 16 | 5) 11) 6) 5 | 7 17 | 4 8 | 5) 39 /10) 49 |14) 43 | 1)...|N. 86 53 W..38 | N. 51 W.|.22 | 240
Autumn 11 | 3} 30 | 6] 18 | 5) 30 | 8) 20 |19) 49 | 9) 37 | 9} 15 | 1).../8. 30 29 W. .23 |S. 474 E. |.121) 270
Winter 6 | 2) 24) 3) 6 | 4) 17 |16) 28 /26) 55 | 6] 35 | 4) 33 | 5).../S. 46 38 W..36 |S. 20 W.|.14 | 270
The year 20 |leaal} coc Hono]! G00! Hees)! coe Hoe |] aco: fleos|! coq” fosol! coo n09. |looollocs S. 61 16 ee ceaooncn6 .-. {1081
193. Strehla.
| he | | |
Spring 22'| 1) 8 | 6] 19 | 3] 9 | 2 8 | 0} 14 |12) 25 | 6) 10 4\N. 63 15 W..14 150
Summer 9/0; 2/0) 7} 0) 3) 1) 5} 2) 5 | 8 27} 6 13 | 0} ON. 82 44. W..49 88
Autumn 9 | 1) 14 | 1) 9) 0 14} 0 14 | 7 30 j10) 41 | 3) 8) 1 0/S. 62 32 W.|.37 162
Winter 14 | 0} 21 | 6] 11 | 0] 10 | 4 20 |10) 65 |19) 56 | 4) 11 | 2) GIS. 61 57 W.'.42 259
PME Gates teed tlescl|eceniscgleszari|ceall csaulleee|| wen esclnivde, |aes|( ewe. foal) se: .../S. 83 54 W. .33 1659
|
194. Schéndorf.
Spring 31 52 |...| 46 24 |...| 10 25 92]...| 88)...|....N. 40 13 W.|.30 | ......... + | 368
Summer | 39 33: | 31 eae 6 33 |.-.| 103}...) 106)...|...|N. 54 36 W.).45 - | 368
Autumn | 19 |...) 26 15 20 |...) 14 65 118)-3) 877)...).-.|N. 82 4 W.|.49) | «........ 364
Winter 24 |...) 34 |...) 36 UG) Wooo}, ALL 46 93}...| 98]...|...|N. 63 32 W.|.38 361
The year |113 |...|145 |...)123 80 |...| 41 169 406)...| 397)\...|...|N. 62 15 W.).385 | ......... 1461
195. Dresden.
Spring 11 31 22, 58 |. 1 39 51 58 ..|N. 82 53 W.|.13 | N. 36 E. | .08 | 271
Summer 6 27 14 24 |...) 11 38 67 83 ...|N. 74 14 W.).39 | N. 524 W.| .25 | 270
Autumn | 11 23 13 92 I. 4 35 52 38 2S. 13 12 W.).15 |S. 55 E. | .17 | 270
Winter 3 13 11 92 |. 0 31 |...| 74 44 ../S. 43 44 W.|.23 |S. 8 EH. | .12} 268
The year | 31 94 60 266 |...| 16 143 }...|244 223 | 28. 75 7 W.|.18 09900000 -- (1079
196. Saxony.!
|
Spring 79 | 7119 |13|110 | 9/121 | 5} 29 |15) 125/22) 192/11] 192] 7] 4|N. 67 21 W.|.153) N. 66° E. |.132
Summer | 70 | 5) 73 | 6] 57 | 7| 61 | 5| 30 | 7| 115/18} 246/20) 245) 1) O|N. 69 59 W.|.41 | N. 40% W.|.18
Autumn | 50 | 4 93 | 7] 55 | 5/156 | 8) 52 |26) 179/19} 248/12) 148| 2) 2|S. 70 31 W.|.27 |S. 43 E. |.10
| Winter 47 | 2: 92 | 9] 64 | 4/138 |20) 59 |36) 197/25) 258) 8] 186) 7| GIS. 73 2 W.}.30 |S. 11 W.|}.092
The year | ... |...] ... ae 6 soa local) ceo flooe|| con |! col) cco. ljacalloca/[Nlo Gls} 2) \ivallartees
196(a). Stettin.
Spring 12 10 19 4}...| 8 7 21 9 ...|N. 19 30 W.|.184| N. 32 E,. |.21
Summer | 11 9 LAM Iices|} Be llocalf fst 9 27 13 ...|N. 66 38 W.|.273| N. 36 W.).14
Autumn 6 4 18 | 5 \leaa|| 1 13 24 8 .../S. 51 22 W.|.193|)S. 9 E. |.112
Winter 6 3 16 Ab coal} 1183 14 27 7 .../S. 56 20 W.|.253|S. 17 W.|.14
The year | 35 26 64 |... 17 |...) 41 43 99 37 |S. 86 23 W.|.17
l | =
197. Berlin. 1769 to 1779, 1855 and 1857, and 17 years without date.
ny | j Fn Teal ]
Spring 105)...| 28 124)...| 27 (= 127|...| 35 |...) 166)... 18 |...| 2/8. 64 5 W.|.07 | N. 63} E. 11
Summer | 112)...| 17 115|...| 30 |...| 96|...] 43°|...! 326]...) 32 |...) 1/S. 89 13 W./.30 N 62 W.| .16
September) 107)...| 16 126)...| 44 | 189)...| 44 |...) 194)...) 15 3/S. 69 51 W.).20 | N. 733 W.| .03
j Jan.&Feb.| 102)...| 14 136)...| 24 216 59 |...| 169}...] 14 4)S. 20 11 W.).22 8. 33 E. | .15
Wee) S7EELE || cos |fecel] eee: |locol|/ aa [lexcl)> cea lecol| one cco’ |looal] coo |lonol] ooo 8. 63 41 W.|.18
25 years without date.
The year {1068}...|1965|...|3227)... 2658] ...|1349]...|6031|...|6149|...|4826]...|...|S. 78 17 W.|.29 |
Aggregate.
The year |1511).../2045)...|3749).... 2787 Gla -.|6218 Se ae ere 75 34 W.|.26
|

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 181 to 198.)

Place of
observation.

198.
Putbus.

Spring
| Summer

4
1]
L

WINDS OF

THE GLOBE.

Northern Germany.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Time of
the year.

Autumn
Winter
The year

(Nos. 199 to 208.)
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Bodenbach, during the years 1842 and 1848.
Koniggratz, during the years 1848, 1849 and 1859.

Prague, during the years 1783, 1784, 1800 to 1839, 1848 to 1851, and 1855 to 1857, all inclusive.
Purglitz, during the years 1848 to 1851 inclusive (published in the Jahrbucher der K. K. Central

Anstalt fiir Meteorology).

Schoessl, from August, 1838, to December, 1840, inclusive, and during the years 1849, 1850 and 1851.

or be-
tween N. & W.

variable.

A A
2B 3a
Z n
ES 5

N. W.
Calm or

Northern Bohemia.

Schénthal during the year 1841.
Senftenberg, during the years 1845 to 1852 inclusive.
Smecna, during the years 1848, 1849 and 1850.

Place of
observation,

199.
Schénthal.

200.
Schoessl!

201.
Purglitz.

202.
Smecna.

203.
Boden-
bach.

204,
North-
western
Bohemia.2

| Summer

| Winter

| Spring

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of
the year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring

Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autuwn

The year

NE. or be-

Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year |226 |

| 293/114

. or be-
or be-

tween N. & E.
tween 8. & W.
tween N.& W.

S. E. or be-

r)
wo wnTH | tween 8.
Ww
N. W.
Eb
mss
Calm or
variable.

ARNE AnnnAAnnnnBA~BBAAaMAeannwey |

1295
169
199
208
202
778

30
43
40

37

3
15
11

4
| 33
| | 832} 240
| | | 290
| 281
| 262

823/448 947/254

72

. 27
|S. 76
82

Direction of
resultant,

Ne pail
52 W.|.2
59 W.!-
26 W.|.22
1 W.|}.12

Direction of
resultant.

5 33
8

43
3-26
43
45
53
10
56
10
12
36
39

4

32
40

. 47° 10/W.|-
27 W.|.52
20 W.|.42

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction,

N. 31}°E.

~ 2k Ee

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

3. 60 W.| .09

-09
Ale ll

-03
-06

' Seasons for the years 1849, 1850 and 1851 only.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 Nos. 199 to 203 combined.

Number of days.

Number of days.

eee ee ee ee

SR ES B. ZiO NB 8. LAT 50° MO 55° N. Lei

(Nos. 199 to 208.) Northern Bohemia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Pornts Monsoon
OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

}
|
~ 2 . |
Direction. |

variable.

tosum of winds.

WN. N. W.

W. N. W.
N. W

Calm or

|
a

Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

205. Prague. Surface wind, 1783 and 1784.

|
The year 67 |23| 37 |43| 23 | 89) 73 [66] 174 |10: 250|169| 139 red 128|56| 48|S. 56° 17/ W.}.37
Surface wind, 1800 to 1839 inclusive.

Smee) a174)...) ..-- |.--(2393] ...) ... |---| 2590) ...] ... | ...] 3844) ...) ... Jen] «-|N- 68 4 W.).13
Semeier) | 2988|...|'... |.../1640] ...| ... |...| 2416] ...| ... | ...| 4955) ...| ... |...| (IN. 80 12 W.|.26
Merge | 2267 |. |... |-.(2129| ...| .. t-| 3624) wc. | | 3970) 2]. |.| IS. 53 47 wel19
eee 2035)...|| ... |..|1887| ...| .. fee] 4001] ...| ... | ...) 4080] ...| ... |...] ...[S. 48 40 w.|.25
Dheyear |10464|...| ... |...|7999| ...| ... [--/12642| ...] ... | ...[16850] ...[ ... [...[ -[S. 76 9 W.|.19

Surface wind, 1848 to 1851, and 1855 to 1857, both inclusive.
Spring 456|11| 346) 5) 200) 451| 7| 280 24) 868) 15) 502) 7 806/11) 48)
Summer 274] 1| 249) 1) 184 400) 1) 363) 211057) 6| 604) 7 | 764) 5) 6
Autumn 195) 4) 325] 1] 227] 4 | 394) 3) 451) 81233) 4) 361) 4 | 653
5
3

Winter 121| 2) 316] 4) 196) 1 | 435] 7) 580) 141200) 5) 472 497
The year | 1046/18 1236)11| 807|13 |168018| 1674) 67,4358) 30) 1939/23 |2720

Motion of clouds, 1848 to 1851 inclusive.

Spring cool] UG) |focal] TL [| coal] ZAG Yocal] "GBS |} cool) B¥3 |) cool) GASH) |] nasi) 17/4
Summer Pe LS) enn 200) ee) Dye) Nee. B84 |) 23/264) ..2 1) 50
Autumn coc|] 18} Necoll) 24S |} cool} 1B) local] BE) |] ccoll (BD | onal) ZA |} socal! 183, laos 5 ols
Winter sce|] HB} jlocol} TUS |) cool} 249) J ccf) 1G) I] onal) 4) I) cool} ZAI) | aoe 209 : : |. North
Mieryeatta|h es. |---| -:- |---| --- aco [seal] aso 2 00 s02 :

All the foregoing combined.

731

| 3680

| 3680 |
3640
3609 |

.. | 14609

Spring 3686/11) 365) 5 2604) 7) 477, 7) 2943) 24 4581 - ab N. 263 E. ).114) 4411 |
Summer | 3292) 1) 267) 1/1844; 1) 411) 1) 2810) 21 5823 'N. alee N. 493 W.|.11 | 4344

Autumn | 2514] 4) 338| 1/2384 4) 409, 3) 4134) 8 4587 3| 3] 9,8. 1224) S. 254 E107
Winter 2197) 2) 329) 4/2051) 1) 464) 7) 4606) 14 4771 : c alez 5. 12
The year |11756 Bao §906|102)1834/84/14667|169 19901

| | c i: Q olla240 |) sooceda05

4274
4239
17999

206. Koniggratz.

561
483
539
cool) ZY) eee
-.|2312) ...

208. Northeaste hemia.?

N. 623 E. Los
N. 544 W.|.10

5S. 49 E. |.09

S. 72 W.|.044

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
2 Nos. 205 to 207, resultants combined by plotting.

23 Wovember, 1874,

178

(Nos. 209 to 218.)

WINDS

OF THE

Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Braunsberg, Prussia, during the year 1836.
Breslau, Silesia, from October, 1855, to February, 1856, inclusive.
Cracow, Poland, during the years 1826 to 1851 inclusive, 1855 and 1857.
Dantzic, Prussia, during the years 1813 to 1827.

Konigsberg, Prussia, by Prof. E. Luther, as quoted by Dr. Prestel, who does not give the date
nor the length of time over which the observations extend; also during the year 1855.

Pillau, Prussia, during the years 1816 to 1833 inclusive.

Posen, Poland, during the years 1848 to 1865 inclusive, and published in a memoir of Dr. A.

Magener on the Climate of Posen.

Sagan, Silesia, during the years 1781, 1782 and 1783, and also during a period of five years,

whose date is not preserved.

Warsaw, during the months of November, 1855, February, November and December, 1856, and

January, 1857.

GLOBE.

Poland, Silesia, and Northeastern Prussia.

4

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE aa Monsoon
ComPAss, ae influences.
aS
Time of 3 g J x Direction of ne 2
the year. | A A ia] a] oe = , 2 ‘ = : = \Se resultant. os Direction. =
e[elala|¢ ial ala| sla} ele] s]e| ele lgs Fe E ag
z2|42\4|4|/ A [a] a@[al| aja} a |e] EE | ale mae a)
ee ul eee (eee : |
209. Sagan.
|
The year | 142) 21/385 “ 314} 38) 271) 49 430117 707| 49) 322) 69} 330) 23) ...|S. 29°56’ W.| 20 | |
| | |
210. Posen.
| | | | | | |
January | 4|...| 8] ...| 16 iC el res fan tla rds || sal 8
February 6 8 1B} 9 10 19 | 22 12
March 6 7 16 10 11 | 15 20 12
April 12 12 12 | 11 10 13 17 13
May 13 -| 16 14 aly lal 8 11 13 14
June | 12 | ... 12 10 eg) 9 HG} | Sash) ile] 17
July | 11 cif teh] sas] 2 8 | 9 14 24 19
August | 11/...| 7 | 5 | 9] ...) 10 17 22 15
September 12] ...) 9 [eale3 eee eal || ei) 16 16 12
October | 6 | .-.| 10] ...| 16 | 14 14 21 14 7
November | uf I} cool) -G) | 16 )elid, 13 17 15 8 '
December| 5 | ...| 8] ...) 12 | ...| 12 15 22 13) |) 25) 08 ;
Spring al 35) «..| 42 | 32 29 39 50) }) i=.) 339 ..|N. 78 38 W. .043| N. 40° E. |.10 | 1472
Summer | 34)... 27 22 | 26 28 44 -| 63° | 51 ...|N. 80 38 W.!| .24|N. 50 W.).17 1472 |
Autumn | 25 | ...| 28 45 2 38 54 -| 45 27 .../S. 10 29 W.| .14| 8. 493 E. |.11 | 1456}
Winter 15 2 41 35 -| 39 59 | 57 | 28 ..|S. 33 40 W.| .22/S. 83 W.|.113] 1444
The year {105 114 150 135 134 196 |215 145 (5S. 58 24 W.) 13] .......-. Reel na
211. Breslau.
Autumn 9 4 9 21 5 5 4 3 |S. 60 59 E.?| .33 oe
Winter 3 1 1 oll dhy/ 12 1 3 7 |S. 17 31 E.?) 237 nent
212. Dantzic.!
Spring 493\152 116 sal 234) 74) 132) 95 474.107 165] 98] 496/241) 143] 48) ...|N. 85 10 W.| .15 | N. 593 W.
Summer | 590)158)147) 83) 156] 58) 56) 29 308113) 140) 72) 702/278) 155] 32) ...|N. 58 8 W.| .80] N. 453 W.
Autumn | 195) 30) 84) 33) 175) 98) 137) 85) 704/205) 273) 97| 565/225) 153) 46) .../S. 43 14 W.| .35|5S. 52 E
Winter 147| 38) 34) 16) 104) 62) 175) 79) 798/157) 183) 95| 636/255) 115 48| ...|S. 44 33 W.| .42|S. 523 E.
The year |1425/378)381 190| 669)292| 500|288 aailaaa| 761 362)2399/999| 566)174) ...|S. 67 59 W.| .25 | .-.ee
| | { | | | j
1 The resultants for the several months at Dantzic, according to Prof. Dove, are as follows :—
| January, February. March. April. May.
Dantzic 5 | S. 504° W. S. 60° W. S. 844° WwW. N. 69° W. e N. 383° W. N. 414° W.
July. August. | September. October. November. Decemberaag
Dantzic . . . | N. 723° W. | 8. 83° W. | s. 72° w. | saw. | sos w. | & 48°W. 9

at

SERIES B.

ZONE 8.

LAT.

500°

OR sions

N.

(Nos. 209 to 218.) Poland, Silesia and Northeastern Prussia.— Continued.

179

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT “5 Monsoon
POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Blin influences.
Time of 4 0 au 5| Directi f Pua
the year. afr) gj ij lle = 5 5 Wes 2B RESID a Direction.
fet pS zt Valles | eons cell eo aise & :
5 (48/4) gla] ot fa) S ja] BI) BI) El ales 3: |g
A (2/2 |S] Ble] ai jail 2 | oi] a |B) EE] 2 les a S
213. Braunsberg.
f The year | 84 |.../ 14|...) 63 83 165)...| 229)...| 228 133}...| .../S. 60° 42/ W.| .41
if
214. Cracow. ;
| Spring 1498) 4) 94/10/1782) 3) 50 | 0/1025) 0) 75 | 3/2524) 3) 102) 4) 9/N. 56 37 W.) .14| N. 624° BE. 043
)Summer |1453) 9| 74] 2/1301] 0) 26 | 0) 959! 0| 84 | 8/3072) 4) 135) 7) 11)N. 72 38 W.| .27] N. 75 W.|.10 |
} Autumn 1266) 3) 83) 6/1805) 2) 56 | 0} 936] 1) 79 | 0/2763] 0| 62] 1) 20|\N. 70 16 W.| .14|S. 72 E. |.03 |
Winter? 383] 2] 78] 8] 682] 1) 26 | 0) 377] 0/125 | 4) 994) 2) 78) 5) 4/N. 87 18*W.| .14|8. 23 FB. |.05 |
TRS FOL? |} cee: jleco|f ocollecel| veo. |foaol} cc |[ooal) coo [Iccall Goo flaccl| “coo Hfacol! ogo: |local} coolliN aL Ail) oily
215. Pilau.
{ l
| | i
! The year |1073).../825).../1349].../1581)... RP ee ..|1892)...|/20277}... ee 63 34 W.).174}
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ea influences.
: 5 ae eat es
bal =| A= = | Pia 5
Place of Time of the dB oO B23 28) | Directionof | > cai |
} observation. year. ae oa awa 2/25 resultant. |. ¢ | Direction. Pan
a || Oe - (2a! 22a 6 lea | 2s ae 3 S |
i 5 8) eae] 3 eS] BRS EE £2 1 E|
a 2) A \os| 2 |as| Eze \o rs S| 2
A } eee ee SS el
i (danuary || 3) 12)) 16) 13) 7 | 19) | 21 | 9 |
February 4) 10} 16 | 11 6 | 22 | 22 © ||
March GaSe | oe ue U\ Uy | Ao} uo |
April 11 | 10 | 15 | 14} 4 | 14 | 20 | 12
May 14 | 13 | 14 | 10 4} 13 | 19 | 13
June 10} 11 | 14 9 5 | 14 | 26 |} 11
July 9 g) |) iat 7 5 | 15 | 29 | 15
216. August 6 | 10} 12 g 5 | 18 | 29 | 11
Konigs- September] 8 | 10/ 15 | 10] 4 / 19 | 24) 10
berg. October 3 | 8 | 19} 15 9 | 23 | 18 5
November! 2] 10] 19 |18}| 7 , 20 | 17 a
December} 3 wy ey al 7 | 24 | 24 9
Spring 43 | 43 | 68 | 43 | 18 | 50 | 75 | 39 N. 27°54! W.).05 | N. 33° E. |.125
Summer 31 | 30 | 71 | 26 | 17 | 51 |124 | 40 . |N. 83 22 W.).20 | N. 513 E. |.14
Autumn 13 | 33 | 69 | 49 | 24 | §2 | 61 | 23 - |S. 7 22 W.).18 |S. 30 E. |.133
Winter 16 | 36 | 71 | 37] 31 | 90 | 80 | 37 . |S. 41 35 W.).18 | 8. 203 W.).08
TUNG: Weer] |) cgi lice ll isqoe s |haocen | Hateecs |) nebanl ceed ees . 8. 55 55 W.).11 | f
} 217. { Autumn fj) al 3 | 18 8 | 12 | 11 b) - |S. 15 22 W.?|.42 60
} Warsaw. Winter 8} 5] 0} 17] 9 | 15 | 25 9 Sh (2 GRA Viole I] cco ccocce = 91
218 Spring ce Ion] 06] oo] ona |} coo | cas. I} 00 N. 72 15 W./.09 | N. 37 4H. |.133
North. Summer N. 68 15 W.|.24 | N. 19} W.|.18
ey er Autumn S. 31 30 W.|.254|] S. 124 E. |.14
Prussia || Winter S. 43 45 W.|.80 |S. 173 W.|.15
Mee The year S. 62 30 W.|.233 :

1 The resultants for the several months at Cracow, according to Dr. Mahlmann, are as follows :-—

January.

February.

March.

April.

May.

| June.

| Cracow |S. 86° W.| 12 | N. 5° B. | 7h | N. 66° W.

234| N. 20° w, 154

N. 26° W.| 20 N. 54° w,| 26 |

July.

August.

September.

October.

November. | December.

i Cracow | N. 65° w,| 354| N. 62° w.| 29 | N. 22° w,| 124

N. 37° W.| 18 | N. 52° w.| 163) N. 85° W.| 18 |

2 Winters of the years 1837 to 1847 omitted.
4 Nos. 212, 213, 215 and 216, resultant combined by plotting.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

180 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 218(a) to 240(a).) Russia.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Brestlitowsk, from December, 1852, to April, 1863, inclusive.

District of Elnia, by. Marks, for a period of eight years (1845 to 1853), and published weekly in
the Journal of Trade.

~Gorki, by Schmidt, during the years 1844 to 1854 inclusive.

Kalouga, from December, 1852, to November, 1853, inclusive, and 1857.

Kiev, by Kobisov, at the Botanical School, during the years 1854 and 1855.

Koursk, during the years 1840 to 1846 inclusive—resultants computed by Spasski.

Krutez, by A. Nikolaiki, during the years 1846 to 1850 inclusive.

Minsk, in the year 1850, from June to October inclusive.

Orel, by Prof. Basilius Petrov, during the years 1838 to 1845 inclusive.

Orenburg, during the years 1848 to 1867 inclusive, published in the Imperial Russian Geographi-
cal Society’s publications, calculation made by Ovodof.

Pensa, during the year 1857; also from January, 1862, to November, 1870, inclusive, with the
omission of the seven months, April to October, 1867, by Dr. Holmskij.

Samara, during the years 1859 to 1869 inclusive, by Dr. Ukke.

Samarskaja Utschebnaja Ferma (agricultural school of Samara), during the years 1848 to 1854
inclusive.

Saratov, during the year 1836, and ten years whose date is not preserved.

Smolensk, from June to November inclusive, in the year 1850.

Tambof, by Dr. Reng, during the years 1825 to 1836 inclusive.

Tula, by Dr. Moritz, during the years 1846 and 1847.

Ufa, by Bosse, during the years 1835 to 1849 inclusive.

Uralsk, during the year 18538, and by H. Kahnikoff, from September 13, 1839, to November 12, 1841.

Voronesch, from January, 1852, to April, 1854, inclusive, and published in the work of Taratsch-
kov, on the Climate of Voronesch.

Wilna, from April, 1770, to March, 1771, inclusive.

Woltschansk, from January to May, and from September to November, both inclusive, in the year
1853, 1857 entire.

a

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE AND FORCE OF WINDS
influences. : .

FROM THE DIFFERENT PoINnTS OF THE COMPASS,

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. | the year. Direction.

c=]
we}

sum of winds.

E. or be-
Ratio of resultant to

tween N.& I.
tween S$, & E.

S. W. or be- .
tweenS.& W.
tween N.&W.

Calm or

variable.
Number of days

Rh

| N. W. or be-

N. E or be-

i)
io}

5.

Spring 2 |- 9 13! 12

218(a).
Brestli-
towsk.

} . 12° 17 W.2).19
vlna. }| The year | 91 671 291, 541)

\

J

25 0 E.?|.2

0
ws
iA

Winter GY) oe 55) 45 42 37

26 W.|.z

9 W.?|.24
39 E.?}.
32 E.2).
34 KE, |.

DWeel-
48 W.!.
43 W.|.

6: W.|-
17 W.).2
27 W.!.

9 W.|.
35 W.|.
16 W.|.
49 W.|.
47 W.|.

Deo ANNs
48
14 5

4 W.).

WI Wier

i
lor]
ny
Th

Wilna. | |
220. Summer 17] 7 8}. 79
Minsk. Autumn 0 32) 23) 126) 33 8
221. Kiev. | The year | 6012230) 473/2036, 3691908 847|1534
January 634 1441/1807 1021| 968/1215| 1516/1398
February | 568) 900) 847 18011157 1886 1597/1243
March 753, 723)1281'1408)1095,1046/1720)1974
April 1020/1333) 848 1475| 65'7)1232)1374|2060
| May 528) 850/1584 1877) 635)1261/1134/2131
June 644) 811/1100 756) 556 2033) 1933/2167
| July 914) 978) 624 1419| 828]/1742/1032/2462
August | 441) 936)/1032 1183/1312 1828|1419|1849
| September} 6781511) 978 811) 733.1811)1933/1545
October 782) 890)1251 1388 968 1711/1104)1906
| November| 475} 798)1535 1465,1303/2020/1545| 859
| December | 958/1253) 899 1104 1016/1320 1818/1632
Spring 767| 969)1238 1587 796/1180/1409|2055
Summer 666} 908) 9191119 899/1868)1461/2159
| Autumn 645/1066)1255 1221 1001/1847 1527|1437
| Winter 720)1198/1184 1309 1047/1474/1644|1424
(| The year | 700/1035/1149 1309 936 1592|/1510|1769

1 Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns.
2 The separate resultants for the two years are greatly at variance, the former being N. 58° 57/ W. .07, and
the latter 5. 81° 50’ E. .10.

3

; Wp elromiatolalce
SREP aR aqaanrage

PRARAANRARAARARMN ALAA ©
, PRPAAAZP PAP AZAAAZAUA

i Voronesch!

SERIES B.

(Nos. 218(a) to 240(a).)

Place of
observation.

223.
Smolensk. }

224,

District of }

Elnia.!
|
|
|
L

2304).
Tambof.! }
231. |

South
|

225.
Kalouga.

227.
Koursk.8

schansk.

229.
Tula.!
230.

Central
Russia,
Nos. 222 to
225 & 229
combined.4

Time of
the year.

Summer
Autumn

The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

The year
The year
The year
Spring

Summer
Autumn

Winter
The year

ZONE 8. LAT. 50° TO 55° N.
Russia.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. re | influences.
£4 |
3 es Es E Be
oy 52 3 S ; | Direction of | 35
: ne a ; ae Be “3 remit Se Direction.
a At o | Ser falas Joa BE on 3
a joel 2 S| eee hedges so A
2 eee |) Al live | mae | zs lO fe i
6| 0| 42| 27) 41| 11) 59| 3] 84iS. 7°49’ w.!.21
16) 7 55| 20/ 64) 11) 46) 8) 46)S. 13 53 H. |.22 | .........
950| 919) 974|1185|1588/1856 1505|1093| ...|S. 37 21 W...18 |...
|
26| 72, 64) v7 59] 83) 57| Go| 54/5. 12 1. |.10 |S. s2°R [11
43| 55| 35/ 41) 50} 69) 91) 75) 93/N. 85 28 W.|.164] N. 383 W.|.12
44) 28) 32] 61) 43] 71, 87| 53) 127/S. 66 16 W.|.16 | N. 71 W.|.06
25) 22) 65] 74) 84) 73) 76] 64) 57/S. 21 23 W.|.20 |S. 10 E. |.102
138] 177) 196) 253] 236] 296) 311) 252) 331/S. 47 20 W.|.12
33) 92) 55) 241) 56) 108) 25) 87) 11)/S. 41 42 B. |.27
24) 82) 91] 209] 55) 103] 24) g5] 5/S. 46 24 B. 1.28
45) 113) 46] 199) 35) 121) 47] 131) 7|S. 43 28 E. |.08
60} 87) 25) 150) 25) 123) 70) 168) ‘YIN. 76 39 W.|.11
98] 152] 64] 143) 24) 102) 22] 198] 1I|N. 38 13 BE. |-163
38| 70} 52) 115| 37] 207| 53) 151) 7S. 63 57 W.|.19
21/ 79} 30) 153/ 49] 184| 46] 108] 22/8. 23.33 W.|.21
40| 123} 35] 98] 23] 156) 25] 143] 46|N. 70 22 W.|.08
58| 158) 44] 167) 24) 105| 35] 107| 22|N. 71 44 E. |.13
47| 71} 53) 213) 59| 140) 34) 75) S/S. 16 32 BE. |.23
45) 84) 64) 177) 67] 155} 28! 77) 13/S. 25 9 BH. |.21
36) 107) 71) 196) 38] 131) 39] 121) 5/S. 43 30 E. }.13
203] 352] 135| 492) 84) 346) 139) 427| 25)N. 25 54 EB. |.03 | N.14 W.).112
99| 272) 117] 366) 109] 547) 124) 402) 75/S. 52 58 W.|.14 West |.15
150) 313) 161) 557| 150) 400] 97] 259) 53|/S. 39 47 E. |.16 |S. 594 W.| 07
93| 281) 217| 646] 149] 342] 88| 293) 21/5. 43 0 EF. |.28 |S. 55 E. |.14
5451218) 630.2061| 492/1635| 448/1381| 1748. 26 11 B. |.09
100, 124) 57, 185) 68] 188] 92) 185 S. 81 0 W.|.08 | N. 32 E, |.042
116) 108} 51) 152) 42) 158} 137) 236 N. 62 0 W.|.202) N. 293 W.|.15
72, 100) 49) 248} 75] 182) 112) 161 S. 26 0 W.|.133] 8. 30 BE. |.08
55| 85| 34) 272) 78] 194] 136) 145 S. 28 0 W.|.18 |S. 8 E. |.21
86) 104) 45) 214) 66] 180) 119) 182 Si 61 0 W2)-de|| ~...:...
30| 83] 149] 82] 61] 75] 35] 37| ... |S. 69 20 E. |.29 |S. 73 HE. |.19
34) 24) 31) 19) 35] 34| 72) 36] ... IN. 86 14 W.|.21 | N. 783 W.|.30
45| 59) 157| 48) 35) 62] 81) 59] ... |N. 76 40 E. |.125) N. 26 E. |.09
9) 51| 118) 52) 50| 55| 61) 36 IS. 49 54 B. |.20 |S. 41 7. |.11
Bl hes erie fae ee Neel celles S. 60 59 E. |.10
438 507)1219)1425) 795|/1329)/2616)1671 S. 70 29 W.|.23 | .........
§95|1006|1349) 813 1097|2016|1412/1613 S. 67 34 W.|.144
1307] 693) 8001387) 1253/1467|1867 1226 Sb. G3}, SEAT VEIbUG id). concoseco
282] 395] 477) 606] 324) 456| 526) 745] 54|N. 86 3 W.|.05 | N. 48 E. |.07
273| 358) 383) 441) 390| 703] 637) 798] 177/S. 81 47 W.|.18 | N. 74 W.|.08
275| 390] 505} 488) 440) 798) 642) 540) 173/S. 47 59 W.|.143|/S. 33 W.|.05
265] 421| 459] 510) 433] 564) 624) 538] 57|S. 48 55 W.|.10 |S. 544 EB. |.03
ed late sos) dos |) eae dl eco indee ISB Big BX! aval ailbay «

' Transcribed from Wesselowski.
2 The ratios of the resultants are those of Wesselowski, modified by making allowance for calms.
3 Tf to the observations here given we add a series Ren from June to November: inclusive, in the year 1850,
the resultant for summer becomes N. 78° 47/ W..17, for autumn S. 23° 30/ W. .15, and for the year S. 60°48/W..11.
4 Using only one-third of the numbers for Gorki (No. 222) in order to give them only their proper weight ;
annual resultant combined by plotting.
5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

181

Number of days,

644
644 |
637 |
632
2557

182

(Nos. 218(a) to 240(a).)

Place of
observation.

232.
Krutez.!

233.
Pensa,
1857.

Time of the

| -year.

]

( January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October

| November

| December
Spring
Summer
Autumn

| Winter
The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

| The year

233(a). Pensa, 1862-70.

. Saratov. |
s

235.

Samarskaja Ferma.!
(Agricultural School of Samara.)

235%.
Samara.

236.
Uralsk.?

f

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November
| December

Spring

Summer

Autumn

| Winter

The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

| Spring

| Summer
Autumn

| Winter

| the year

| N. 33 °45/ W., Autumn N. 37° 57’ W., Winter N

)1281

1066,

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Russia.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE ;
influences,

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

N. E. or be- ;
to sum of winds.

variable.

tween N. & E.

s. E. or be-

tween 8. & E.

S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.

Bs W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

os
a
C4
fe)
onl

71}°R. |.393

47°
35
3
. 40
sealil
. 42
69
40
33
3
10
13
15
18
0

4’ E.
W.!.
Wels

355! 878
439 1813
| 649 1145
621' 676
1774 1075 1290
1220 2068 2169
800 2509 1454
1233/1100 667) ...
1274 1433 1337) ...
2285 1543 1009

47
275
183

1090) 237 6469
633} 82)1538
938| 252 3135
162 a 1243) 15243
430) 779 1129 15 33]
136/1831 1322/1119
327| 873 2073/1200
267| 633 2600/2167
95|1019 1624/2771
119} 475 1306)2878| 386
58] 351) 205/3216)1257|3392) 497 1023
50)1375) 425/2250)1050/2750) 425 1675
258) 707| 875/3304\1288|1782) 748 1037
243)1112'1998]}1495| 744!1084/1892 1430
91) 615 1045/2955 696)2317, 1158)1123
124/1033) 248]3419 1112/2205 406 1455
179| 867)1042)2793| 960/1847 1051 1261

47
42)
37
66
192

| 308
\1978|<
984)2
892
1989
136
764
1333
446

Th Th i te CA Ta ie A A to WO A OU

. 87 EB. |.163
. 9b W. 074
73 W.|.084
. 41 W.|.04

53
29)
32
60
174

52
90
78
34
254

23
52)
62
183,

44
17
24
ol
116

17

8
2
9
36

|

27 3
Pyf\ lil
40| 4
‘yal
111| 35

44aq PRaP Reade gece

DARARR NARARARAAN MARA

2

See Addendum at the end of this Zone.

Wesselowski gives the directions of the oe for the seasons and year, for a
period of ten years (without date), as follows, viz.: Spring N. 0° 42’ W., Summer
. 49° 34/ W., the year N. 36° 38/ W.
Chevalier Kahnikoff, in a letter to the author, states that the direction of the resultant
for the year 1836 was 8. 22° 10’ W., and ie ratio of the resultant to the sum of the
winds .054. If we combine the two, and assume that the ratio of the resultant was
the same in the former as in the latter, the direction for the year is N. 41° 23/ W.

NT i. ) 18 217
S. 354 E, |.15 | 198
_ 43h &, [17 | ong
. 80 E. “tO 210

| 217
210
217

796/1284
1300, 1243
1521 1504/1624) 889
1263 2028|1174| 836
1733)1259)1168) 821)
1490 1163) 510) 816
1901} 909} 413) 723
1481 1724) 913) 730
15111073) 815)1014

725/1115/1022 1208

994 1107/2139 1295
(1140 643)1195)1011

801/1506 1597/1322) 849

75416241265) 612) 756/1

8241077 1098/1325 1172
1210 Pass aed
1353

1320
2199
2256)
1708
1496
1470
1550

791
1630

506/1067
287|1071
513) 872
676 1370
985/1898
1347/2367
§68|3285
750/2536
1213/1670
1747) 8002435
2120) 713/1182
2371) 993/1581
1820, 725 1380
270] 988)2729
1832) 9091762
1963) 595|1240
1721 8041778

5 (AUS agi 18
33 15 E.
42 7
85 44
8
AT

peli
alls
15
.09

1284)1790 1953
860.1759)
821
943,
639
837
351

1075

1073
948)
450

ee Lae

254" ahaahahaahaaanr
ch va

; moOaHeDp CeO Oe Sea i ao et a Oe ls
AZNAAZA PMNAR ANNANRMAAAAAAAH MA

He
2.
2.
al
.

; bo
Co BTA
Cpe aes :

14 | 60
18 | 54
4| 92
38 254

444

129

s

1 Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns.
2 Obtained by combining the resultant of the observations here given with that computed by Kahnikoff from

observations made from September 13, 1839, to November 12,

1841, viz.: S. 10° W. .017.

SERIES B. ZONE 8. LAT. 50° TO 55° N. 183

(Nos. 218(a@) to 240(a).) Russia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE ComMP Ass. 42 influences.
Se ee er ee
A ic} N= = 3 z cS
H Place of Time of OB dB ie) 58 ¢ | Direction of | 25 ~
observation. | the year. ne ta By Be | no resultant. |< | Direction. e
: i a || OF oe ° a)
ailcoa s {Oe glee) es eet) ee on 3 2
= /48| elas) 3 |ES) = |Fs/ es 26 21
Blee| a lais| ma |is| 2 |ze\S fe &| 2
January 101) 205) 217) 66; 96) 164 77| 39) 33 |N. 85° OE. |.19
February | 110) 171) 198) 83) 112) 164) 88 3] 30 |S. 80 O E. |.141
March 127| 173) 230} 108) 98] 124) 66) 43] 20 |N. 84 O E. |.242
April 113) 170) 222) 109) 84) 119) 93) '70} 20 IN. 79 0 B. 192
May 129) 152) 161) 74) 93] 131 131) 105) 24 |N.17 OF. 074
June 193} 160) 133) 41) 65) 110) 152) 125] 19 \N. 10 0 W.|.224
July 203) 171) 125) 42) 66) 97| 154) 113) 29 IN. 6 O W.|.24
237, 238 August 173] 135} 120 42) 78) 116) 172) 122) 36 |N. 29 O W.).19
and 239. September] 14]) 152) 140; 63) 88) 136] 142) 109) 28 |N. 12 0 W.|.10
Orenburg.! October 109) 104) 117} 68) 109) 205) 155) 104) 29 |S. 71 0 W.).14
November] 115) 129) 166) 74) 113) 163) 175) 68) 37 |S. 24 0 E. |.03
December | 112) 141) 165 80) 118} 196) 103) 45) 39 |S. 34 0 E. |.083
Spring 369) 495) 613) 291) 275) 374) 290) 218) 64 |N. 74 27 HE. |.16 |S. 84° BE. |.12
Summer 569| 466] 378) 125) 209) 323] 478) 360) $4 |N. 14 35 W. -214| N. 324 W.|.173
Autumn 365| 385] 423) 205) 310) 504) 472) 281) 94 |N. 82 30 W.|.06 |S. 64 W.|.113
Winter 323) 517| 580) 229) 326) 524) 268 127)102 S. 78 4 E. |.124|S. 44 E. |.114
The year |1626)1863)1994 aT 1725/1508) 986/344 |N. 34 37 E, |.07
January |1450 0) 204) 584)7303) 152) 229) 76) ... |S. 2 3 E. |.63 |S. 11 E. 1.253 465
February |1311) 85! 370) 627.6923) 114) 427) 142) ... |S. 2 33 E. |.60 |S. 14 E. |.23 | 424
March 1843) 172| 246 712) 6535 270) 147) 74) ... |S. 5 17 E. }.523)5. 28 HE. |.163| 465
April 2725) 69) 208) 485)4642| 462/1016] 393) |S. 24 19 W.}.25 | N. 273 W.|.163| 450
May 2120) 154) 239) 3764923) 547\1368 273} . |S. 22 56 W.).34 | N. 582 W.!.12 | 465
June 1807) 36) 197) 2686029) 393) 841) 429 |S. 13 4 W.|.45 |S. 523 W.).093| 450
July 3474) 248) 546) 322.3424) 521/1042) 422) ... |S. 77 44 W.|.033| N. 11 W.).37 | 465
240 August 2910 0} 802) 277|4411) 300) 993) 300) ... |S. 13 43 W.|.173|N. 4 W.!.21 | 465
Ufa2 September|2765] 147) 647) 118)4912) 118) 882 412) ... |S. 12 27 W.|.20 | N. 63 W.|.184| 450
i October 2194) 188) 501) 2826050) 188] 470) 125) ... |S. 2 3 EH. |.40 |S. 61) E. ;.043| 465
November |1481} 74) 173) 543)7111| 173) 395) 49) ... |S. O 33 E. |.603/ 5. 8 E,. |.23 | 450
December |1982) 239) 392) 610|/6122) 261) 392 0 iS. 5 11 EH. |.46 |S. 403 E. 103 465
Spring 2229) 132) 231 5245367 426) 844) 247 iS. 10 0 W.].36 | N. 56 W.).04 |1380 |
Summer (2730) 95) 517 289) 4621 405| 959) 384 8. 19 35 W.}.22 | N. 16 W./.18 |1380 }
Autumn }|2147) 136) 440 314/6024 160) 582) 195 Ss. 1 4 W.|.40 |S. 402 E. |.03 |1365
Winter 1581) 108) 322 607/6783 176) 349} 73 Ss. 2 5 E. |.564)8. 14 EK. |.19 |1354
The year? |2172| 118| 377| 434'5699\ 292\ 684| 225 8. 4 15 W.1.38 oenceooon .-- (5479
240(a). Omsk. See Addendum at the end of this Zone.

1 Nos. 237 to 238, resultant combined by plotting.
2 Transcribed from Wesselowski, except the last four columns.

3 The annual resultant for the years preceding 1840 is, according to Kahnikoff, N. 15° 25/ W. .107, and if we
| combine the two we obtain for an aggregate resultant N. 10° 32/ E. .085.

(Nos. 241 to 248.) Southern Siberia.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Akmollinsk, from December, 1870, to November, 1871, inclusive, by Captain Lasarew.

Barnaule, from December, 1849, to December 1853, inclusive, and during the years 1838 and
1857.

Douai Lighthouse (Dui) Saghalien Island, during the year 1866, by Gousseff; also from October,
1863, to December, 1865, inclusive; observer’s name not known.

Irkutsk, during the years 1830 to 1844 inclusive.

Mines of Nerischinsk, 300 kilometres Southeast of the city of Nertschinsk, hourly from December,
1849, to November, 1853, inclusive, and during the years 1842 and 1857. In the first of the three
series, given in the table below, calms were not included, and the third is a combination of the first
and second, an allowance being made for calms in the first in the same proportion as shown in the
second. Also (in the Addendum at the end of this zone) during the years 1870, 1871, and 1872,
by Torbolof and Derbin.

184

(Nos. 241 to 248.)

Udskoi Ostrog, by Middendorf, from September, 1844, to September 12,

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

January
February
March
April
May
June
| July

| August
ei: September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

Semipalatinsk.

241(a). \
Akmollinsk.

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’

L
| Spring
Summer
Autumn

December, 1849, to November, 1890.

242. Barnaule.

Winter
The year

1838, *50,
53 and 57.1

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Two preced-
ing series
combined.?

WINDS OF

THE GLOBE.

Southern Siberia.— Continued.
Nikolaievsk, mouth of the Amoor, during the years 1859 to 1864 inclusive, and 1866, by Deg-
tinsky. Also in the Addendum, the year 1871, by Kudrin.

Omsk, from January, 1870, to May, 1872,
Petropaulowski, Kamtschatka, during the years 1848, 1849 and 1850, and published in the Journal

of the Hydrographic Department.
Semipalatinsk, during the years 1863 to 1866 inclusive, by Abramoff.

by Znamenski ;

see Addendum.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. e3
£3
ei 53 iE laeall ee 3?
24 Be} 23 S2| 4g | Directionof | 25
a 7 ui ; bul ee 3 resultant. % g
med | ai \ @aSHel| atta ilfcced 9| mesiete Ul mseealiteaaia leis cn
B|RS Blas) B/S] SiFPslas =e
pay eee (Shell) eee peas if ee ie) ee
0 1 77 | 63 | 53 37 | 44 8 | 22
12]}10 81 | 38 | 42 18 | 34 | 25 | 40
8 1 112 | 25 | 23 | 4 | 59 | 80 | 45
32 4 61/12) 28; 17) 58 | 36 | 40
22| Af 632) 1s) 223. 33 | 70 | 31 | 48
26 | 12 | 38 | 12 | 26 14 | 48 2 | 48
6} 3 | 25 | 22] 39} 23) 72 | 15 | 66
15 | 15 | 24/15] 13] 29 | 67 | 48 | 45
17 |} 6 | 56 | 17] 12] 18] 57 | 22 | 33
5 4 | 55 | 25 | 24 19 | 86 | 16 | 25
4) 3] 89} 37 | 34] 15] 62) 7] 18
0 5995) bi R56) ADD OMe 6m ets
62 | 16 )205 | 52) 74 | 54 |187 | 97 |133 S. 80° 10/ W.| .05
47 | 30 | 87 | 49 | 78 | 66 |187 | 85 |159 |S. 78 24 W.| .194
26 | 13 {200 | 79 | 70 | 52 |205 | 45 | 76 8. 5 6 W.| .124
12 | 16 |253 |142 |151 | 97 |128 | 59 | 79 |S. 26 22 EH. | .303
ceo |) ctr: ipecee ||ccs he ecee) | Losan | con IJ com [ish Jee 228 yall ain
See Addendum at the end of this Zone.
85) 459 4) '722)1117| 6791) 345) 477 8. 39 4 W.)..73
211/1197 0.1607) 983) 4348) 515/1139 8. 35 54 W.) .41
287/1688} 211855) 590) 4734) 252) 573 8. 23 45 Ww. 368
337/2041} 11 598) 802) 4072) 696)1448 8. 64 32 W.) .30
393/1253) 201 1424) 618) 3667)1113)/1331 8. 52 2 W.) .32
515'2020) 156 1396) 746] 2209/1065|1893) ... |S. 89 22 W.) .14
4361970} 384 2090) 472' 2702) 651|1245 S. 9 47 W.| .11
880 2150) 161 1241) 680 3116) 286)/1485 S. 72 33 W.| .10
568)1292) 811159) 705) 3987) 912)1296 S. 47 38 W.| .284
354) 906) 591066) 948 4972) 667/1028 S. 44 41 W.) .49
71/1234) 102) 421) 899) 5261 752) 1260 S. 52 58 W.| 51
79, 494) 11 844/1288) 6858) 328} 98 S. 45 0 W.) .60
3391661) 78,1291) 670) 4158} 687\1117 S. 45 26 W.) .314
627/2047| 2341576) 633) 2676) 667|/1541 S. 60 59 W.) .094
331/1144/ 81) 882 851| 4740) 777.1195 S. 50 36 W.| .44$
125| 717 5 1058) 1129) 5999} 396] 571 S. 36 37 W.| .63
355)1392} 99/1202 fea 4393) 6321106 Ss. 44 15 ia 37
6181421) 53) 741) 722) 3131) 4941039] 6138. 59 22 W.) .25
6881765) 1691186) 561) 2248) 460/1160 593/8. 69 i7 W.| .07
401| 958} 61) 761) 716) 4198 395) 799) 442)S. 45 48 W.| .42
256) 503) 31) 679)1032) 4405, 359) 367/1004)S. 37 21 W.) .55
1963/4647| 31433673031 13982 1708 3365/2652'S. 46 11 W.! .32
S. 51 30 W.| .28
S. 64 0 W.} .08
8. 48 15 W.| 43
ees S. 37 15 W.| .55
“ 5 | one S. 45 15 W.| .343

1845, inclusive.

Monsoon
influences,

Direction.

Force.

. 11° W.|.103

. 514 EB. 02
3. 454 E, |.23 |

N.13 E. |.06$
N. 38 E.|.26
S. 48 W.!|.10

S. 264 W.|.224

1 This series is given for the purpose of showing the relative number of calms, which is omitted in the pre-

ceding series.
2 By plotting.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

—— eo

SIS IR IBS) 15 ZAIN IB) Boe WANE BOS) YEO HO: INC 185

(Nos. 241 to 248.) Soutien ee se Cuulinnets
RELATIVE PREVALENCE oF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon |
DIrFERENT Points or tHE ComP ASS. Be influences. | ;
£4 ——— fe
ei 3 s = Fe £
Place of Time of 23 oy Bop 538 g | Directionof |=S| ae
observation. | the year. ne fae Zan ae | oS resultant. «= = | Direction ees
: S) ° ° 9 oe o 3 a | —
a8) g lad| = le3] ¢leg| ee ge S|:
BSS) 2 Ee) BERG Weel es ze Be
Ze) eae | alws | = ze iS a BH | &
(| January |4097) 34 |1478) 113/4165] 23) 0 | 90 S. 87° 6/H. |.15 |S. 464°R. |.223| 465
February |4707| 0 | 279) 40/4814; 0} 0 | 159] ... |S. 83 5 E, |.02 |S. 13 E. |.15$| 424
March 4283) 0 | 100) 20/5206) 30) 0 | 361] ... |S. 12 45 W.|.07 |S. 4W.|.214| 465
April 5540} © | 107) 185)3516] 97) 29 | 525) ... IN. 5 55 W.J.22 JN. 6 W.).07 | 450
May 4439| 17 | 34! 334/3865! 86) 51 |1174| ... IN. 30 24 W.|.13 |S. 543 W.|.06 | 465
June 4132| 9 | 96] 505/3775| 44] 70 |1368| ... |N. 32 45 W.|.11 |S. 384 W.|.07 | 450
July 3559| 27 | 18] 256/4666| 238] 18 |1217 IS. 54 39 W.|.10 |S. 18 W.!.214| 465
August 4815) 28 | 28) 85/3880) 57| 9 |1098] ... |N. 23 38 W.|.18 |N. 74 W.|.06 | 465
September |5246] 0 | 42) 126/3382} 0) © |1483) ... IN. 15 0 W.|.27 |N. 26 W.!.12}| 450
243. October 6339) 0 | 109} 109/2715! 133} 0 | 594) ... IN. 4 46 W.|.383|N. 3 W.!.234) 465
Irkutsk November |6317| 11 | 328) 11/2825) 22] 0 | 486 IN. 0 11 W.|.38 |N. 34K. |-23 | 450 |
December |6100} 12 | 730/ 120/2811) 12] 0 | 215] ... IN. 11 24 B. |.34 |N. 24 BE, |.20 | 465
Spring 4754) 6 | 80) 180|4196) 71) 27 | 687) ... |N. 21 50 W.|.092|S. 182 W.|.064 |1380
Summer (4169) 21 | 47] 282/4107| 113) 32 |1228] ... |N. 47 10 W,].10 |S. 36 W.|.10 |1380
Autumn |5967| 4 | 160) 82/2974) 52] 0 | 754) ... IN. 5 43 W.|.342|N. 53 W.|.20 |1365
Winter |4968| 15 | 829) 91/3930) 12) 0 | 155) ... |N. 35 56 E. |.133|S. 672 10 |1354
The year |4965| 12 | 279] 159/3802} 62) 15 | 706] ... IN. 5 49 W.|.15 . (5479
7 A.M. |4628} 8 | 558] 248/3661/ 85) 23 | 788] ... IN. 4 34 BE, |.13
2P.M. |4834} 20 | 135) 174/3975| 66] 15 | 781| ... IN. 15 5 W.|.13
10 « §253| 8 | 69] 90/3828] 44) 24 | 685} ... |N. 12 21 W.|.183
cg {| January | 974| 462) 308) 00) 103) 667|3179/4307 iN. 58 10 W.|-71
iS February | 623/1221/1013/ 00) 52) 546)1922\4623| ... IN. 40 38 W.|.563
a March 7691912) 973) 192) 125] 984/1391/3654) 4. |N. 30 32 W.|.43
ez April 3411264 806) 458) 225|/1343/2288/3275| ... |N. 59 55 W.|.403
2 May 526| 961) 918} 360) 374)1114/1738/4009| ... |N. 53 15 W.).434
s June 620|1631) §37)1104) 743/1068)1032/2965| ... |N. 35 2 W.|.19
> July §14/1757/1358/1113) 614)1474|1420|1750) ... |N. 29 40 W.|.06
Zz August 774/1210|1234| 922) 839/1021/1325|2675| ... |N. 42 29 w.|.174
S 4 | September| 784) 9951199) 776) 431)1152) 886/3777/ ... |N. 39 0 W.).30
= October | 417} 871| 360} 259] 496)1388|1964/4245| ... |N. 63 43 W.|.53 |
+ November | 434) 508) 149) 136] 186) 595/22185774| ... |N. 55 46 W.|.7 4
ot December | 690] 34) 69] 138) 69)1862)1690|5448/ ... |N. 65 12 W.|.73
= Spring 545/1379) 899] 337! 241/1147\1806/3646 N. 47 43 w.).41}
le Summer | 636/1533/1143/1046| 732/1188|1259|2463 N. 54 0 W.|-193|
Cal ea Autumn | 545) 791) 569) 390] 371/1045/1689/4599 N. 55 16 W.|.512}
alaes Winter 762) 572| 463) 46) 75|1025|2264|4793 N. 55 50 W.|.66
s | Q [| The year | 622/1069/ 769) 455) 355)1101|1754/3875 N. 52 12 W.|.43
~
2 | =. (| Spring 249) 299| 265) 143] 122) 394] 58'7|\1039| 2914)N. 58 18 W.|.22
_ {36 || Summer | 266) 457) 330] 245) 199] 398] 410] 696) 3552,N. 39 52 W.|.083
| peg 4 | Autumn | 102) 142) 134] 7) 165) 452] 588 '1057| 4309|N. 73 27 W.|.20
a | 25 | | Winter 117} 45) 28] 29] 52) 132) 290] 447) 5925/N. 64 13 W.|.10
4 (| The year | 734) 943) 757| 504 538|1376|1875|/3239|16700\N. 61 54 W.|.15
sig (| Sos N. 51 30 W.|.32 |N
ioe | Summer 5 esenlliiaay N. 49 45 W.).14 |S
Bes 4 || Ammen | ey |] ee |) oe N. 60 15 W.|.353 |N
es Winter N.57 0 W.).38 |N
ol © (| The year N. 54 45 W.|.29
oe See Addendum at the end of this Zone.
() Spring 15 |) U2) 7) Ay) | Die 2h) ai} N. 29 15 W.).09 |N. 49 E, |.24
o45, | | Summer 8 | 133; 8] 8] 3] 101; 2/13] ... JN. 38 55 BE. | .14/N. 59}5. |.36
Udsk Autumn | 36 | 53) 2| 3] 8 | 139 19 | 22) ... |S. 86 57 W.| -28 |N. 44) W.|.083
SBOE Winter 15 6| 0] © | 0 | 2283 14) 12) ... |S. 53 38 W.|.81 |S. 462 W.|.59
The year | 74 | 304) 17 | 15 | 13 | 578 38 | 65 S. 67 58 4 24

' By plotting.

94 November, 1874.

186

(Nos. 241 to 248.)

Place of
observation.

246.
Niko-
laievsk,
1859-64
and 1866.

246(a). Nikolaivsk, 1871.

247.
Douai
Light-
house,
1866.

247(a). Dou

248.
Petropau-
lowski.

WINDS. OF

THE GLOBE.

Southern Siberia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE ie
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. | ga
= ee as ai \=s8
al] | iE | ,& Be
Time of the ae | | oe 2 | | 24 § | Direction of iS
year. : BA 3a | sai | | Sz 5B resultant. | oa
a lae| «lod! sles] = legleg |28
BES) 2 |e) aa ce deel |z2
Zz (a2| a [w=] a laf) Flas lo |
January 54 | 19 1} 0} ©] 18 | 402) 156; 1
February | 54 | 23 25) 0 0 | 18 | 253) 214) 1
| March 96 | 80 95, 18 0 | 19 182) 146) 15
April 36 | 77 | 199) 54 0} 18 | 146, 95) 5 |
May 37 | 95 | 256) 93 | 0} O} 119) 44 7
June 21 | 91 | 288)123 | 18 zt 42) 36) 7
July 36 | 54 | 306) 92 0 | 22 82) 54) 5
August 36 | 59 | 239} 69 | 0] 19 | 81) 126) 22
September 56 | 72 | 148] 72 | 0.| 0 | 115] 144) 23
October 55 | 72 | 65) 18 | 0) 23 | 223) 166) 29
November 37 | 44 23) 18 0 | 18 | 267) 221) 2
December 55 | 37 | 21) 0 | 0} 36 | 366 136) 0
Spring 169 |252 | 550/165 © | 37 | 447) 285) 27 |N. 22° 45/E. |.23
Summer 93 1204 | 833/284 | 18 | 45-| 205} 216) 34 |N. 79 59 E. |.412
Autumn 148 /188 | 236/108 0 | 41 | 605| 531] 54 JN. 45 41 W.|.41
Winter 163 | 79 47; 0 0 | 72 |1021| 506) 2 |N. 68 23 W.|.753
The year 573 |723 |1666|557 | 18 |195 |2278|/1538)117 (N. 29 54 W.|.243
See Addendum at the end of this Zone.
January Dp ee Ny | 6 | 11 3 0) 5" |) 23.
February | 23| 12] 3/13} 7] 5) 0/14) 7
March PA | SN a a0) 22 4 2 8 3
April 11 1) SPuePOe ey [je 13 0 3 9
May 18 6| 6 | 24) 14] 5 5 4/11
June 6 ZN SE BEE |) BN | (9 1 3 5
| July aM Seal ee alee) eb eer ka) 4 3 | 14
August Tey ee I RP eile Cl 2a] Pa PAN)
September} 8| 7] 4] 44|16) 5) 1] 3) 2
October 11 | 14 4; 9) 30 8 alene il
November} 12} 4/ 2) 12) 11] 6 IN |) SHS 3
December | 27 | 18 1/14 4) 4 2/18 5
Spring 54 | 15 | 10 | 64) 71 | 17 7 | 15 | 23 |S. 34 20 E. |.23
Summer | 22 | 10 | 15 | 73 | 74 | 28 7 8 | 39 |S. 20 26 E. |.40
Autumn 3 25 | 10 | 65 | 57 | 19 | 13 | 47 | 6 |S. 22 3 E. |.14
Winter Gey || Bie || le) 88) |) PPh ie 2 | 87 | 25 IN. 19 3 EL |.26
Phe year! | son | ae’ fcc, htece tL Reale heehee se | pes See ER
ai, 1863 to 1865. See Addendum at the end of this Zone.
January 2313/1759) 814/1140| 260) 489,1010\2215| ... |N. 0 55 W.|.37
| February 2265/2136 1100 1100! 162| 388) 680|2168] ... |N. 12 24 E. |.42
March {11341581 cu 653) 550/1443/1306| ... |N. 48 48 E. |.17
April 885/2164)1377|1443) 590) 361 9823/2197] ... |N. 28 25 E. |.24
| May 493|1345|/1166/2377|1838| 269/1525| 986) ... |S. 41 9 E. |.21
June 335|1579| 718/2105)1914| 287)1340)1722) ... |S. 30 17 E. |.11
Jaly 584|1642| 657|2701/2044| 219] 839|1314) ... |S. 51 16 E. |.23
August 344/1271) 824)1512)1924 172/1032/2921| ... |N. 67 33 W. 043
September) 720 880/1200/1600,1040) 160/2240/\2160) ... |N. 58 10 W.|.11
October |1232/1345/1373] 896] 364) 112/2157\2521| ... |N. 20 15 W. 303
November |1476,1980, 939) 637 0, 34/1846)3088| ... |N. 15 30 W.).47
December |1465/3773/1209 660) 110) 439|1135|1209) ... |N. 26 25 E |.453
Spring 837|1697/1478 1754|1027) 3893/1317 1496) -» |N. 66) 37 Beja
Suinimer | 421/1497| 733/2106)1961) 226)10701986) ... |S. 40 56 E. |.10
Autumn }1143/1402/11'71/1044] 468) 102/2081/2590) ... )N. 22 5 W.|.29
Winter 2014)2556|/1041| 967) 177) 439) 942)1864) N. 13 35 E. |.403
The year |1104/1789|1105|1468) a 290)1352)1984 N.15 21 E. |.163
|

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Monsoon
influences.
Direction.
e
S
&
East 22
S. 75° E. |.05
N. 66 W.).18
N. 834 W.|.08
|
S. 192 E, |.08
S. 8 E. |.26
8. 67 W.).05
N. 3 W.|.36
N. 132 W.)-214
| N. 10 E. |.25$
|S. 673 E. |.094
| N. 534 E. |.084
S. 164 E. |.33
Si 2k B, |252
S. 24 E, |.33
|S. 31 W.|.162
| 8. 533 W. 17
NE GOn VV. 193
| N. 30 W.|.34
| N. 322 E. 29
|S. 394 E, |.132
|S. 54 EB, |.234
| N. 544 W 19
N. 12) E. |.24

Number of days.

ee ee ee,

*. 2) oe

*
(ere.

SERIES B.
(Nos. 249 to 251.)

logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under direction of Capt
M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Place of observation.

JOIN 3. WAU. HWS IO) Hie I.

Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180°.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 68 days, collected and classified, from the

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT Points OF THE COMPASS..

Time of
the year.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

1

87

Nuinber of days.

249. Long. 135° to 150° E.
250. Long. 140 to 150 E.
251. Long. 160 to170 E.

Place of observation.

233(a). Pensa, 1862-70.

240(a). Omsk, 1870-1872.

Spring
Summer
Summer

Time of
the year.

January
February
March
April
May
June
July

August
| September

October
November
December
January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
The year

Z| Calm or var.

| 22 17 EB. | .61

29

5. 79° 11/ W.} .43 |
9 3 W.

7

52

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS

OF THE COMPASS.

9

N.E. S.E. S. W.
or be- or be- or be-
tween tween tween

19.0 5 24.8
10.0 6 28.2
12.4 5 24.6
17.9
27.7
21.3
15.8
19.8
21.7
25.3
29.0
29.3

HH

BPE ROHGTOHP EP HED YEP SSS M ROME
ee

$2 U9 1S G9 oH oo op

Be ee
SRO STRN NaH

=
Or BOW woOTbP Phe.

WOR MWH BATS ih
pa

Ht Nr Go I G9 bo Sat O G jh co
SRD LD 8 OUST B bo Sub ox
CUS Or rR eS Ob ow oe
SOowMmwWTH OH
SNHAMITD Pr

BROOWNTEPORN RaT Re - nee
On OrW Mm oP

Lo ow
ae

We

—

eS
OWNPrRRNYPHPOAMNbh fw

Ne}

as
as

27

N.& E. S.& E. S.& W.

>. or)

t= S
PNmWWONWOWNWHErH:

oo

49
41
43
23
16
29
35
51
15
10
12
24
48

Time of the year.

October
November
| December
( January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
The year

RELATIVE PREVALENCE AND FORCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

North.

East. . E. South. . WwW. West.

}

N. W.

No. of
obs.

a
IWR OW OR ater

H

Aorocstbsh

(Sy)

| Force.

NWOWOwNNIswI Sa Sl

ao

(Jv) owe

wontono

(=)

BOS 99 1S BO PO by Oo Go 99 BO OY LO O9 RG
ao WMRONTOSMHOGMBO~TW

Force.
No. of
obs
Force.
No. of |

obs.
Force
No. of
obs.
| Force.
Force

H
bo

.

ownaese
WORAMNGDBROMRBOCOHaDS1| It

wor
a

IWROMODRAGSSODaLy
Nw wp

as

lao oat a)

gor oer
TIN BORE WOCOOOOCOWUNDEBKRO
fo BS tO Bo to iB bo oe bo LO bo Ow po
SOOOCOCDCOOCONAOMNWSoS

: xs

BO BD BO £9 G9 BS BO 0 19 B 99 GH LO G9 BO Go

(=)

WoO ROCSCHNAUBwWohPwwrrb

i
SIONNMRRERPWwWhE OWA pb

BE bo G9 9 BO Go BO Go gt

~

oO
PrONSCSCrONATNONANNWLD

BO 19 99 PO He BO BO G9 co BO 19 bo Ge BO BO go

MDD OONWONWOOSD OWS

No. of |
obs.

b Beowonsen|

BO BY ye bo BO BS POLS BY 1S by OR bo po ge

Force.

Coub

DAOWwWwo«~ITS

Go on 65

variable.

188

(Nos. 233(a) to 247(a@).)

Place of Time of
observation the year.

1870
December |

1871 |
January |
| February |
March |

241(«). April
Akmollinsk. |} | May
June
July
August |
September
October
November

1863-65
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
247(a). August
Douai. September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter |
The year |

Addendum to Zone No. 8.— Continued.

North.

a

RPoWworcscoocoooH

28.50

22.06

17.88 |

16.71
16.57
19.83
24.50
10.55
10.21
15.62
15.71
21.29
17.05
18.29
13.85
23.95
18.28

WINDS OF

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
East.

oO
bo

ed

mH
conakRISGChy ROM

SoTrowoocorH

TSOM-1HR2NWO

SS AAD AMA
RFPOFrON KRMIR ATH

a

wm

Ow Bw

So

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

THE COMPASS.

tween S, & E.
tween 8. & W.

S. E. or be-
S. W. or be-

Ww

i

WNOWSCKTNONEPNAE

~)

Swoococorocrocs
bh b
lS or Hon ns Merl a iss)

i

2129. > T MTL $1 L9G jP OS GW m1» bw
SwWwaIWTITAROROOWWOWOD
NODRWNADOSMNBDAANWSOS

RELATIVE PREVALENCE AND FoRCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE CoMPASS. J

Time of the year.

North.

East. S.E | South.

1870
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

L The year

244(a). Nertschinsk.

No. of

ive)

obs.

WBE HaAmNWwwwonwnrHoo

Force.
No. of
obs.
Force. |

i
No. of
obs.

H

WHOOP TWO DR aTeH

fo bo S bo bo be by tO ow bo BO bo
~I-~T ADrXDoOMmnnwNococe

PRS wrwweAaANoe
NoOowowtaWHoOoS
SOTOCONWOONTRHEWWO

lor}

Force
Force,
No. of

to SS BW fo ty 8 Go bo BBS
oounpo-r-t

CONWHOOSOSD

o

NOoONOSKRWNHNWWNNOD

on
oo
—

THE GLOBE.

West.

N. W. or be-

tween N.& W.

Calm or
variable,

uo
e

rRoSoOoMNOCOCONS
HOSORaWOSoOSO
AROROBRENNOH

WHOTHRHROUSwOwWAORES
ee ee eae eee eee
PRR BEEP Ee ee eee

BORE H OOH,
iw toiR cop r

SUR ATT OS SUR OV SO YB YR BD
coy unpows bo

variable.

No. of

obs.
No. of

obs.
Force.

obs,
Force.
Force,
Calm or

ooo
90 99 bo
AGCwwnwtIaraneew

ounce
—

NONNNNMSOOUUNOS

OH OUTIRARDORONWO
PPNPPNASwE PIS
NBOWOMHWHaAH Oe w
19S PSP tS tS to hh po Bb ty
co OwmpwrToeowcooocoocooso

DBONKRRFPACONNFHOO
BCOoOnNnwansease onoo

£2 99. 92 99 bo by bo go

—

wo
a

189

N.

TO 55°

Bene ZAOEN TES) a WEAN 5105

SERIES

Addendum to Zone No. 8.— Continued.

(Nos. 233(a) to 247(a).)

‘SPUTM JO WINS 0}

jUBI[NSOI Jo 01) BY

394
70
22

(ray 5 eerie
Oy sere
oe Eee EE
° Sz of om 0
erie oD 6d iia
Ge Homo
ze SETI OO SOY
ARAB
a OTQUIIBA MIDH OHH HMNL OND WCOBHAMNHHAHKHOD KReeoantBeotnnAHONM
4 10 WTBD PHEOUS HGCA HS) SIN ICED 6 TN 09 SHO 69 1G IN 1S I~ 9 AS SAAANNAAAG SE Sisk
= > 6 oe
& — ———— es —
4 - | ‘aro 82 ROD OM Alen 1g OOD wD Bea SANA AO 19 69 mn AMnooHtoOarnnaar
5 = ANH oa a Aaa BAAS Hod A od sos od AAANNHANMHA HOM ANOAA
fs} ra * fa = ai =
qi sqo OAM ANHDRAOEsO AS AS Hin 1 O00 WO rAnAONOME 19 SGComMHOMM CO
BI JO “ONT mW AARARANN & AANA aa His HS Ao Howie Rae
a aT mereio
fo)
a | _, | 2000 BOY QAS AAW SUNOS Ep PSSA STAG Sg SR IS SS CIN cha ad.S ep
2 tn ANH AA AAA SHANNA HAHMMAAAN AHSAN CH io HDHAN aod aA
3 ba sae
A
te
S e Ox fre OM OR SINUS SIICOh etl SAG OD I~ C9 09 XH £O C10 00 BOSD OI HORI GOGO EGA
q
[ste ee =
5B z =e TS ee eS =
3 . | -aor0 yy S SSoNSoSSoNENS 6 Simm. OMMANMIG S SoOrm~NoNoS 19 D129 SB
eI S Aonddntdadtnnaon Cra aONAAN As ACA HH oOGSOoAA AA
E ; - aa =e See ses ae
a n BOS) A S19 His DWH ig © HOI SANSCHHAHOMrOMA NASOHHEARHHACONrONAY
i= jo ‘ON tt aon Ae ~ a os &
iI
ist
a q | (20tOn BON OOSS SH macoescoocoo & SSoSoSoCooSo SOOM OOCOSCOSGSO
o ¢ SONNAHHNAHANAAOCOH condtdtandnanaoddod
a = s = :
eo iS) ,
aI n OOS SONATA AO Ot SOMMMO DINIB AAS IE esscooocooeocoooococosd
mm
4 2
S| | -eor0g SO OSS rs) Se Shea OGIO) ia ROSBAPASNSH Oars
& ica] SONAR AAA ANON SCH CHA NHHAANHON Td VA 00 M00 1 Or ON SHIN
a a 5 = = .
° a Ete) SOAMOM~M MAH Soo H SNSHMAAHMeHHOM AAG SARA WM OSW AO
8 JO ‘on Ge) Gr) Gell] BAA S
g i Se eee
E 2010. esssesouno O19 eocosconermncr 1D S315 no A
a 2 ~ SANNA HAHACOnA Tea MUCSICS IN ait i SQSSCCHOCOONSOHSCOHMON
A 2 | 3 aes
4 A Ho On 3 OAICOD ISG AVS) S COED BUSI SHMEI CD SI CIES SCN Ge A SSOSSSONSONSONCONHSOS
a 5
io) ~ fo}
al ~ a =o
| a, | eeroce || S SOCMNSSNSCOROR Comintionmrmoon 14 & Ret]. Redeem aqca ht
q fea] I ANNAN AAA ANG AA aks hia ie Kes holes 3 HARA OMMMMMHAAM OA
b 6 i
. , iS)
E A es P| AOR OOMAID HMO Of MC CO HOM OM aa tHoOn 4 MMA AOSCMHHAMARDHNOW
Ay JO ‘ONT ba rei ri ito} sH Tr oe Dn re Seiad tea liae)
“= Ses b =
F |) a | exo | 2 Oia Slat a eKe WHA HES Soe re SS te sty Sea e roan
g s a2) HADHARAGANR ON SONA cs riaiad cio triad ra endnooocononddoddn
4 ° 58 : = a 4 =e ——
& cA HIS a AOA APAAAAHAOIS SOWBAANASACANS is SHASCSOOONSOMANSOHA
o a H a ~ Ny mH
Ei 3 b o Be Oo HH S o of
+ 7 F OH b OOH b> o sy be
aoe a Be epaHeos aie peu2eos = = fale eels) pus) o5.,8
38 Sasa BoBage SES a geSeah | $ | Bese_ BE See a eS 8
ov Os Hom o =o UO os, om (>) a Do Cs =|
am Haast e hme hieg Se so SeESR Lhe mR oOeSE So aAeto hPa hPwMesSre onde ko
Sy Fo Sas an es Soo og oS 238 S300 OS aS ese egooc®as sea
BI Seadsiéansozan Seeded sagsaaa SaadeSsanoAzgnndba

Monsoon influences.

Summer
Autumn
Winter

Spring

190 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

ZONE No. 9.

LatitupE 45° to 50° Norta.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
342 permanent stations on land, where the observations were regularly recorded, or
during journeys and travels, where, for the most part, only a transient sojourn was
made at any one place, for an aggregate period of over 1696 years; and for about
17 years at sea, The distribution is as follows:—

Where observed. No. of Aggregate length of time. |
stations.
7 7
Pacific Ocean). 9.5 | a) os poe ... | 38109 days.
America, west of the Mississippi River 61 | Over 202 years.
America, east of the Mississippi River 43 | Nearly 200 years.
mAttlantic3Occan’ 90. a. Tecan cn ties both 3070 days.
LUTOpell VS a ea hin 2 Se Ee 231 | 12464 years.
ABIRT cos: Lopes. ames © SUR 71 | Nearly 35 years, besides general descriptions of
the winds observed during journeys, travels,
etc., for an aggregate period of perhaps not less
than twenty years more.

(Nos. 1 to 11.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of six years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation. year.

Calm or var.
Ratio of resultant
tosum of winds.
Number of days.

East.

- 81°53’ W.

pa
bo

19 4050)
27, 3118
14 54 123/33
216 38 102/19
6
34.8113] 45/45! 75/20)
43) 254 31| 92.60) 50/30)

s| 4/39 10] 37] 7| 23] 6133]
27 69 41 1183/12/60
21| 9| 32) 9
13/13 3
35/24 31
25 22 18
810
2) 0

Spring
Summer

. Longitude,
160° to 165°

=
He

44%

| Spring
| Summer

W.
. Longitude,
155° to 160° W.
. Longitude,
150° to 165° W.
. Longitude,
150° to 155° W.
Ww.
Ww.
W.

ra
Hoo 0D

on

~)

4

Autumn

bo
o
i=)

Spring
Summer

=
NAaS

. Longitude,
145° to 150°

bo bo

=
Were rHwww Oo

Summer
Autumn
Spring

Summer
Autumn

SS n08
4 4 44442422

. Longitude,
140° to 145°

- Longitude,

120° to 165°
- Longitude,

135° to 140° W.
- Longitude,

130° to 135° W.
. Longitude, | Spring
120° to 135° W. |) Autumn

OR an
we bo
Naa
eb
on

eo maTH oo

i
bo

Winter

Spring
Summer
| Autumn

(Jy)
wT

a4 4 35

bo

oso ko Fk OOD op

\
(
(
Spring
{
(

4 ee
rales
11) 28
12/26
18 57

39|53)

is
o

Summer

oO
=)

a)

b

E oe bo nt
SNS NP HAS HW ORSCDOR
b

o sar ® Wo
o o°9° fF FNS Oa

. Longitude,
120° to 130°

to
i=)
=
SI

Summer

SERTES B.

(Nos. 12 to 23.)

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

ABO NO) HOS

Date.

IN

Camp Steele,
Camp Pickett,
Camp Semiahmoo,
Cape Disappointment,
Fort Bellingham,
Fort Chehalis,
Fort Colville,

Fort Simcoe,

Fort Steilacoom,
Fort Townshend,
Fort Vancouver,
Fort Walla-walla,
Neeah Bay,

Port Angelos,

Port Townshend,
Walla-walla,

ZAC) IN IB) 8), TZN
Washington.
By whom observed. eee ee
time.

yrs. mos.
U. S. Army Surgeons, 4 2
oc ce “ee 3 11
“ iT7 ce iL 4
74 “ ce 3 9
“ “ i iL 11
“ ce “ 0) 10
it; “ “ Mf 4
“ “ “ Q 0
ce “ “ 16 2
“ 73 ce 1 2,
U.S. A. Surg. and C. Hall, | 17 7
U.S. Army Surgeons, 3 i@
Jas.G. Swan & A.Sampson,| 4 1
A. M. Sampson, 0 9
8. 5. Bulkley, 0 9

1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1859 to 1863 inclusive.
1859 and 1860.

1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1857, 1858 and 1859.
1860 and 1861.

1860 to 1869 inclusive.
1857, 1858 and 1859.
1849 to 1869 inclusive.
1859, 1860 and 1861.

iLO)

June, 1833, to June, 1634, and 1849 to 1868, §

1857 to 1867 inclusive.
1862 to 1867 inclusive.
1869.

1867 and 1868.

November and December, 1869.

[both inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ae
ag
I a} | 46 sE Be
Place and kind of | Time of the oa oy BS S3| | Direction of | 2S
observations. year. at an Ep Be | iS resultant. wd
= || = , |6 aS og
a || 2 s VSG eel es et) ae oa
5 (22) 2 es) Be) eles iee Ee
Z|26| 8 |is| a |we| F lez|S s
Spring 0 | 68 |101 |164 ; 39 |214 |306 | 52 | 55 |S. 45°57 W.|.32
un FAGS Summer 2 | 11 | 30 |145 | 32 332 |458 | 52 \220 |S. 61 18 W.|.523
a Autumn 1 4 /210 244 | 55 194 209 | 22 153 |S. 3 55 E. |.32
Winter 5 | 39 |236 |235 | 88 |202 |129 | 28 | 16 |S. 21 51 E. |.38
Ss SUN) CET | osy [ceo |] cco |} coe |] oso |] ceo |} coe |] cc0 |] coe WISE 2 4B) Ano al
ay Spring 22) O 7 | 10 | 59 | 10 5 1 0 |S. 1 28 E. |.44
| Motion of Summer 0 1 iy} ial 9 | 14/12) 0] O/|S. 25 33 W.|.60
a “Gat Autumn 0 3 1 4/ 1/13] 4) 4) 0/8. 51 18 W.).43
4 S Wiuter 0 | 39 2} 11 2) 20} 16} 2) 92 |N. 48 51 E. |.084
% WNO@ FEAT? |) cco |} 005. | G09. |] 0G0 |} 900 | ccc |} coo |} coo. | cco IS PB} BG) Nive 83
x Spring 22 | 68 |108 |174 | 98 \224 |311 | 53 | 55 |S. 39 57 W.].32
Two Summer 2 | 12 | 31 |156 | 41 |346 |470 | 52 |220 |S. 59 55 W.).52
preceding Autumn 1 7 /211 |248 | 56 |207 |213 | 26 |153 |S. 2 12 E. |.314
combined. Winter 5 | 78 |238 |246 | 90 |222 |145 | 30 | 16 |S. 22 58 E. |.344
ANG) 7B! |) 5567 ||) Geo} ose IIa ces I -co5 Ices | eno, I coo IS eB) A Ve lead
January |182 | 62 | 82 |141 | 44 | 79 | 29 | 24| 2
February | 90 | 47 | 55 |154 | 71 | 75 | 36 | 24) 9
March 97 | 63 | 74 |175 | 92 |114 | 34) 35 | 13
April 48 | 22 | 68 |153 |146 |187 | 30 | 17 | 12
May 73 | 10 | 25 | 70 |168 \226 | 35 | 14 | 16
June 33 | 11 | 11 | 84 |148 |209 | 4] 5 8
July 38 | 14 | 10 | 73 |161 |218 | 21 | 12 5
13: August 32 | 21 | 17 |106 |250 |218 | 61 | 15 | 13
San Juan September! 54 | 41 | 37 |164 |159 170 | 17 | 28 | 0
Island.! October 74 | 74 | 40 |169 | 97 |105 | 44 | 39 | 12
November|144 | 87 | 74 |164 |111 | 80 | 19 | 45 3
December |183 | 71 | 83 |187 | 69 | 68 | 49 | 47 3
Spring 218 | 95 |167 |398 |406 |527 | 99 | 66 | 41 |S. 0 22 W.|.36
Summer |103 | 46 | 38 |263 |559 (645 | 86 | 32 | 26 |S. 16 28 W.|.605
Autumn [272 !202 |151 |497 |367 1355 | 80 1112 | 15 |S. 26 19 E. |.26
Winter (455 |180 |220 |482 |184 |222 |114 | 95 | 14 |S. 84 26 EH. |.17
TNS 5/CETE | ec |} cen | cos |] co | cto I cee I 56 I cca |) toes, ISI) AN) WD fash)
Spring 23 | 17 | 12 |178 | 38 | 40 | 30 {181 7 |S. 51 18 W.|.09
14. Summer | 53 | 1] 4) 26] 1/| 14 | 58 | 64 | 60 |N. 52 16 W.|.403
Port Autumn 12} 0} 0 | 60 7 9 | 15 | 12 | 66 |S. 19 37 EB. |.21
Townshend.? Winter | 40 | 13 | 24 281 | 68 |103 /101 |146 | 35 |S. 13 35 W.|.24
WHING: WEBS | ceo || neo | cen [Pode Ie |} cos tfc coo. | cco HSb EY) Aol total

Monsoon

Direction.

SOO Ae) eer | U2} CNC

BRAA wmAnm

. 55° W.|.
81 W.|.

79 &#.
76} E.

Begg page

25 W.
35 W.
54 E.

. 493 E.

85 EH.

. 36) W.

50 E.
12} E.

influences.

07
35
ll
ol

023
38
21

17}

1 Camps Pickett and Steele.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 Including also the observations made at the Fort.

192

(Nos. 12 to 23.)

Time of
the year.

Place of
observation,

|
|

January
February
March
April
May

| June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn

| Winter
The year?
| January
February
March

| April
May
June
July
August
September
October

| November
December
Spring
Summer

| Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
January

| February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

15. Camp Semiahmoo and
Fort Bellingham

16. North-
western
Washing-
ton.!

South-
western
Washing-

ton.2

17. Cape Disappointment.

18.

19. Fort Steilacoom.

WINDS. OF THE GLOBE.

Washington.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT PolNnTSs OF THE COMPASS.

108
119
120

18
217
299

397
176
505
802
16
10
10
9
14
ual

a
a2
Be
=) z
Eells
a4 s
rae |) 18
15 } 26
19 | 30
38 | 37
| 40 | 36
13 | 20
4) 20
0 8
19 | 13
68 | 8
|
49 | 21
43 | 23
91 | 93
23 | 41
194 | 34
77 | 79
aps |} ood
389 |380
294 |129
606 396
414 562
127 | 38
39 | 27
44 39
49 | 9
3B) | 2
5] 0
i || 5
13 | 0
15 | 10
35 | 34
48 | 22
56 | 40
116 | 50
29) 5
98 | 66
222 |105 |
131 | 92 |
38 5
102 | 84
231 |249
299 |306
209 |155
149 |186
(183 | 95
1132 | 43
(111 | 23
109 | 35
135 | 37
169 | 84
|224 114
196 |148
287 |211
\464 |324
[355 | 95
589 |346
795 |672

i. or be-
tween 8. & E.

s.

257

224

- se
£3 5a Cy
sa) | Se) se
Bg|g Pe| ss
we|e |\Z2\S
15) 8 D2.
6 10 "| 5
30 15 5| 0
25| 45 6| 17
33) 49 | 11) 13
34| 64 | 19} 22
36) 55 3) 13
44) 23 Q) 5
57| 16] 24) 5
29| 20] 15] 0
3] 9 7| 12
10)| Ty |] TG)
88109 | 22) 30
114/142 | 24) 40
109} 45 | 46) 17
31) 29 | 19] 9
1012/5583 | 371/135
1357|773 | 197/352
852,361 | 273/255
639/390 | 304] 74
52| 3| 38
50| 24] 62
98 33] 56
63) 63 | 86
49, 61] 61
64| 66 | 66
38] 83] 91
32| 74 | 122
86) 68 | 89
96] 62 | 92
80] 7} 56
95| 6 | 49
210/157 | 203] ...
134/223 | 279] ...
262/137 | 237
197| 33 | 149
| 243/226 | 260
| 140/253 | 303
| 316/143 | 258] ...
| 203) 36 | 164) ...
| gel eset: | eagle
| 399) 169, 104) 31
| 345) 141) 208] 16
362) 230! 187| 16
304] 285| 319] 7
305] 299} 348) 24
285| 390) 398) 12
238) 408] 395) 1
197| 394 453) 36
279] 249] 335) 0
| 392) 233] 257| 17
| 389] 201} 158] 27
375| 98] GO| 8
971| 814] 854| 47
720|/1192|1246) 49
1060) 683) 750) 44
1119] 408] 372) 55

RAR ANARN RAL

on hn th a Th cA fn

PRADA

Direction of

resultant.

14
73

. 84

. 70

62
20
79

25
56

2
19
23

10°41/ E.

begins aiitidgt Sich ot tt ay

Dil eerste

19 |S.
194 |

Monsoon
re influences.
ae]
os
a ¢ Direction.

25 ;
at 5
& &
341 S. 14° W.|.12
53 |S. 34 W.|.35
17 | N. 29 E. |.20
163| N. 23 E. |.26
1) S. 34} W.|.05
|S. 58 W.|.26

N. 624 E. |.12

N. 50 E. |.18

a IS

bo
f—)
DMA muy w

.231|8.79 33 W.
|"4g" | N. 534 W.

44} E.

64 EL

043
132
“06
29

Number of days,

Port Angelos.

' Camps Pickett, Steele, and Semiahmoo, Forts Bellingham and Townshend, Neeah Bay, Port Townshend, and
2 Cape Disappointment and Fort Chehalis. :

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 193

(Nos. 12 to 23.) Washington.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, —2 influences.
£5 a
A Fi E = ze 3
Place of Time of the on b8 ga oe) ¢ | Direction of | £3 wm
observation. year. Be ay Rar Be |. | tesultant. |< | Direction. =
APSE | oS eel ee lle || oalReenl ar of a
(AS) @las| SES) & FS | ee Zo ee
z|22| a |we| a |we| & Zea/0 a g| 2
_ ¢| Spring 39| 25) 58| 20) 90) 113) 147| 41) 109|s. 59°12/ w.| .80 | N. 32}°W.|.04 | 214
22 || Summer 42| 21) 89) 86] 93) 57] 119) 32) G63/S. 33 35 W.) .17|N. 77 EH. |.15 | 184
gS 6 2 Autumn 7 9| 25) 27] 50) 111) 121) 19) 177/S. 53 23 W.| .87|S. 54 W.|.07 | 182
me | afte 10; 12) 5 8| 53) 85} 86] 14) 174/S. 56 34 W.| .37)S. 674 W.|.073) 149
The yeart sacl» dosth call’ eeal! Spel] eaally’> deal falieds|| Sats 64s ets 75 PATON fs eanicngoan coo || W248)
¢) January 438 ‘ 900. Ga000008 oce || coocasace ace
February | 99) 144) 458) 395) 91) 151) 138) 160); 30) .... cc 006 || aso eccon .. | 537 |
Mareh 69] 177| 371) 357) 129) 224] 211) 178 OH gocic Fe Till pope lites oesecotoc ne Ooonn
April 58] 108] 176) 271! 207) 240) 301) 232) 24) .... a eeeees. | Sattecaes ... | 540 |
3 May 58| 68| 121] 176| 120) 242] 364) 284) 19] ............ ... | 496
Pt June 60) 81| 127) 191) 120) 209 411) 317 TU era 640) -[leaeor ||) sea9.000 c60 ... | 540 §
S July 48} 54) 60] 107) 86) 145) 576) 375 Ol ouerste Be .. | 465
A August 67) 51) 72) 108) 73) 163) 494) 278 PA eer eae ... | 496
Ps a September| 56) 64) 199) 138) 77) 139) 359) 212 cece Seb s| | hasam [ssn coooopeed ... | 450
S October 101| 212) 241) 228) 102) 147) 294) 199 (tear consti} ea |} ue cocees doo «» | 598
os November| 175} 182) 232) 449) 64) 109) 214) 172 Gees on ... | 540 §
6 December | 127] 210) 498) 529) 77) 98} 113) 175 Bl Masciece tenis Brill Meadeeae ce ODO
FA Spring 185| 353) 668] 804] 456] 706] 876) 694) 43/S. 32 24 W.|.15 | S.263 W.|.08 |1625 §
Summer 175| 186| 259) 406) 279) 5177/1481 970 6\N. 88 7 W.).434) N. 80 W.|.40 1501 §
Autumn 232| 458! 672) 815) 243) 395| 867| 583} 15|/S. 5 57 E. |.03 | N. 61 BD. |.054)1548
Winter 311| 550/1392 1362) 254) 348] 381) 495| 67/S. 76 50 E. |.385 | 8. 864 E 383 )1745
| The yeart Nae || rose |r eeal ieee. Sec =--/S. 36 5O W.|.07 | oonceceee .. (6419
(| January 30} 81) 17] 198] 116) 311} 34) 134) 12
February 30] 44} 10) 184) 139) 322) 24) 69) 12
cae March 14) 55) 13) 163) 131) 274| 27) 63 0
g April 16} 48] 8] 185) 100) 387) 31) 78) 0
3) May 29| 43] 13) 182) 92) 297) 53) 132 0
= June 24) 54) 24) 157) 130) 296) 50) 58 0
2 July 17| 54) 27) 154) 89) 265) 58| 77 0
£ August 34; 50 9) 143) 80) 321) 47) 58 0
a {| September 40| 47| 43) 135) 92) 322) 35) 48 6
Be October 28) 55) 27) 200) 98) 275} 58) 79 0
a7 November| 27] 58| 24| 181] 105| 239} 50) 113 0
S December| 33] 80). 16) 199] 84] 289) 28 78) 2
Ss Spring 59| 146: 34) 530] 323) 958) 111) 273 O|\S. 24 43 W.|.46 | 8. 463 W.).04
5 Summer 75| 158 60) 454, 299} 882) 155) 193 O)S. 24 39 W.).442| 5S. 635 W.|.03
ce Autumn 95| 160) 94 516) 295) 836] 143) 240 GIS. 20 48 W.|.39 | N. 443 E. |.032
Winter 93) 205} 43) 581) 339) 922) 86) 281! 26/S. 19 18 W.|.40 | N. 62 KE. |.033
The yeart |...) /--.|| o-.|| see] see] v=] one | sae eee [Ss W..|.42
(| January 96) 42) 72) 145) oe ecood <6 i
February 65| 27) 50) 111) 123) 53) 72) 105 ... teas we 227
a March 42) 24) 98) 128) 99) 43) 91) 62 Bane ob 217
cS) April 41) 15) 82) 113] 136] 58] 102) 72) ... 6000 ecb 210
2 May 38] 18) 105) 125) 125) 28) 114) 54) ... sea as 217
| June 33] 56) 48) 121) 157) 22) 94 83 ... aco as ap 210
z July 42) 11] 61) 185) 111) 42) 80) 104 ... neck eee aap 217
aS August 53] 31] 60] 187) 119) 50) 88) 129 Beste ab we 248
c= {| September} 50) 37 102| 135| 61} 36} 77) 102 200 see me 210
5 October 4g) 40) 101) 149) 101)" 52) 41) 101) ... 000 ca0 ono 248
i November| 60| 60] 83/ 144) 93) 55) 94) 104) ...) ... cellars 240 |
ie December | 104) 62). 74) 100) 85{ 112) 77| 103) ... Roses ae . | 248
= Spring 121| 57) 285) 366) 360| 129) 307) 188) ... |S. 7 15 E. |.23 | 644
%, Summer | 128} 98) 169) 493 387) 114) 262) 316) S38 13 HB. ):20 675
Autumn 158| 137) 286) 428) 255) 143) 212) 307 S. 39 45 EH. |.122 698 F
Winter 265| 131) 196) 356) 314| 192] 254) 325 8. 34 47 W.|.07 723
MG ELIE |] cccl| cell coal enol = ceel} coal} © sal) coe So 7 BS 1 eilby ||) cescdaces ... |2740

! Formerly Columbia Barracks. 2 Fort Walla-walla. 3 Fort Colville.
“ Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 WN ovember, 1874,

194 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 24 to 31.) Oregon, north of latitude 45°.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. meng of Date.
ia a oe yrs. mos,
Astoria, U. 8. Army Surgeons, 1 2 August, 1850, to September, 1851, inclusive.
Fort Cascades, Yt ce g 3 1 1858 to 1861 inclusive.
Fort Dalles, x ce a 12 8 1850 to 1866 inclusive.
Fort Stevens, # 2 5 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Fort Yamhill, ss s st 9 5 1856 to 1866 inclusive.
Oregon City, x a i) 3 0 1849, 1850 and 1851.
Ly = iM Bien’: pts cy
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 2 influences, F
ines : ; 28 | a
a Ba] el alee E BE E
Place and Time of 24 33 | ec S32 g | Direction of | 2% , ; ‘|
kind of ob- the year. ne ae Bap bz pairs resultant. SE Direction, BS
servations. Sed. heal a lel se lea fee om 3 2
5 48) = |As| & Es] & [Fe |e =8 ae
me) a ls | wm los | © lee |o & || &
( January 2| 43) 72) 94 9} 34) 15) 10 | 93
February 0 27|° 67) 39) 23) 65) 27 8 85
March 5 36| 62) 29) 28) 71} 30) 18) 93
April 4| 15| 49| 67| 16/119] 42| 48 120
| May 6| 8} 27] 23] 5] 189] 63] 51 124
June 0 5 7) 23 5} 147} 14) 69 90
| July 1 4 10) 9 11) 86) 23) 42 62
24, August 5 8s} 9| 2) 6 78] 31) 46 = len
Fort 4) September) 2 10| 25; 26) 36) 96) 39) 36 a5 90
Stevens. October a e224) Sie a oleae | a 23) |\ el
November| 1 47} 31) 25 3) eal | ene) eel or 60
December | 1 50) 18) 57 8) 41 1; 10 BOC IOO LOS ro a 62
Spring 15 59} 138} 119] 49) 379] 135) 117) ... |S. 40° 17’ W.|.34 |S. 71° W 10 337
Summer 6 17) 26) 34) 22) 311) 68) 157, ... |S. 67 53 W.|.57 | N.88 W.|.40 | 214
Autumn 4/ 79, 68) 65] 43] 166) 49) 54) ... |S. 17 47 W.|.212/N. 80 E. |.07 | 18l
Winter 3 | 120) 157) 190} 40) 140) 43) 28 ... |S. 52 19 E. |.38 |S. 894 KE. |.43 | 240
| The year! | ... cee|| 2 22si|| deee|| deer | eeell irevall omens nesta Sam 20l OO mie 2 Oe eReeaeeeer a, || HI
a Spring 1 27| G1) 23 1} 108} 39) 81) ... |S. 77 58 W.|.23 | N. 884 W.| .07]| 92
33 Summer | 10 8); 30) 7 22) 150) 96) 146 ... |S. 86 57 W.|.574| N. 87 W.) .42 | 123
a Gian Autumn 8 14) 150) 18) 13) 119 102) 20| ... |S. 19 34 W.|.184) S. 36 E. | .15 | 121
Z/Aas Winter | 0 | 26] 163) 15| 2] 51) 28] 64... |N. 79 44]. |.24 |.N. 763 B. | .40| 90
BBL Phe year! |u| coool) aon!) teed cetaly ges | eed gered wean |e Vue Nel 1g eee .. | 426
< (| Spring 24 | 282:1663) 977 2687 2991 2955/3194) ... |S. 57 46 W.|.38 |S. 22 W.| .06
{34 || Summer 0 | 216) 63)’ 60) 39/1170/2984/9524 ... |N. 59 51 W.|.85 | N. 37 W.) .72
a lsg= {| Autumn 0 |1391| 476) 501/4369/3218) 7171239, ... |S. 21 48 W.|.464/ 8. 24 KE. | .31
ae| | Winter [144 |2612/3066/1138|6252/3082/2494| 91| ... |S. 7 47 B. 383|5. 56 E,. | .42
The year! | ... oe ieee mere lmecellemrecel ececlll scelllmeamisen eh inhZaleess
January 6 | 46] 131) 135) 64} 188) 49) 70 82
February | 5 68) 82 118) 35) 232) 31) 75, 57
March 15 45) 71| 122) 35) 266) 68] 125) 71
April 10 |} 57} 53) 60) 35) 210) 164) 139 57
May 8 17| 28) 47) 21) 232) 200) 113) 63
June 4 1; 18) 16) 380) 208) 215) 153) 55
July 6 4 9} 5) 24) 311) 217) 111) 43
26. August 2 10 6) 5) 10) 198) 262) 150 63 3
Port September) 11 12| 24) 24) 18) 151) 169) 115) 91
Yamhill. October 17 59| 54) 82] 24) 202) 105) 78 143
November) 9 34) 116 127) 46) 141 64> 49 1il
December | 19 55) 128 155) 58} 193) 68) 48 77|
Spring 33 | 119) 152) 229] 91) 708] 432] 377| 191/S. 65 13 W.'.38 | N. 67 W.|.05
Summer | 12 15| 33 26) 64) 712) 694) 414 1618. 79 15 W.|.68 | N. 82 W.|.36
Autumn 37 | 105} 194) 233) 88] 495 338) 242 345/8. 53 4 W.).26 | N. 78 KE. |.10
Winter 3 169| 341) 408] 157) 613) 148) 193 216/S. 3 0 E. |.26 |S. 753 E. |.33
The'year! |\herct|) Gorell) Gel) toon ees |i meeel tees |) dese een Soa OAR MVS
Spring 144 13} 11 4) 240) 13 2 9) ... |S. 3 23 H.|-21 |S. 154 W.).115}
21. Summer |198 6] 5| 1) 146) 8) 0} 6]... [N. 0 3 E.|-142) N10, W.24
Oregon Autumn (147 i} 0 5| 217 2 1 2 8. 12 4 E. |.18-|S. 4 W.|.08
City. Winter 128 57| 14 16) 218 9 0 6 S. 41 4E. |.19 |S. 593 E. |.09
Theryeanline. | ee cecil ova|ihenest seal S. 24 29 K. |.103

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
4 The number of observations and the number of miles here given are from different sources; the former
being as given on the top of this page; but the time and date of the latter being not preserved.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 195

(Nos. 24 to 31.) Oregon.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. za influences,
£8
a sj Fe Be | BE
Place of Time of the O24 a} Ee 152 | 3 | Directionof | 25]
observation year. a 2a a le Pees resultant. SE Direction.
a ce Oe || ai |i ort|| us lca | oS oa 3)
Sue cueen ister Balee | shiveelee =e | &
4 |}22| 8 |oe| a |we| Fae lS ee | &
Spring 193] 218 362] 375] 381/1208] 608 584) 191/S. 55°55’ W.| .31 |S. 82° W.| .04
28. { Suminer | 226} 46) 94) 68 254/1181) 858) 723) 161/S. 79 44 W.| .57 | N. 793 W.| .35
Northwestern /| Autumn | 196] 205) 422) 321 361) 782) 490) 318] 345/S. 39 29 W.| .22 |S. 85 E. | .07
Oregon.! . | Winter 161) 372) 675) 629 417) 813) 219) 291) 216)/S. 25 24 W. | .24 |S. 80 EK. | .32
Lf) DNS SHORE |] coal) ce6]] Stal] cee! cel] 02H) coal] coal! 000 |b BRA BL Wall or
(| January 11} 25) 31) 17) 25) 24) 14) 3
February | 26) 16) 18) 7 36) 11) 16} 5
March 22| 14) 15) 20 43) 21) 19 1
April 6 7 15) 1) 23) 63) 22 3
May Cis 8} 10, 27) 102; 72) 11
June 10 3 4) 20) 51) 81) 36 5
July 2| 0 0 1; 36) 114) 60 4
29 ae G re re 16 ef cs iid ;
: September ‘ i 6 37) 94 |
Fort Cascades.) | October | 5| 38; 16] 12 19| 81) 21| 25
November| 16) 54) 54) 13) 8| 37) 15) 13
December D2 SOG) So 27) 3) 5
Spring 28) 29) 38) 41) 93) 186) 113) 15) ... |S. 40 46 W.| .47 | 8. 635 W.| .17
Summer 14) 12) 8 29) 152) 279) 138) 12) ... |S. 42 10 W.).71 |S. 52 W.| .41
Autumn 34) 105} 83) 41, 64) 212) 52) 46) ... |S. 25 16 W.|.18 | N. 35 E. | .14
Winter 46) 113) 99} 40 96) 62) 33) 13) S. 74 45 EB. | .25 | N. 62 E. | .45
Wis FOR? |}. cael} o00]| sonal! seal] Sede! call Jacl]. ceall aos [S85 2A) TUL Wyvell BH
Spring 79, 331) 167] 88 118)1022) 936) 510) 27 |S. 81 37 W.| .48 | N. 83 W.) .05
Summer 95} 322) 188} 112) 58] 832)1074' 732) 42 |N. 86 6 W.| .49 | N. 28 W.| .13
Fort ae Autumn 86) 402] 176) 157) 123|1377) 992] 552) 42 |S. 75 56 W.| .47 |S. 40 W.| .05
| | Winter 113) 552) 258) 257, 2835/1417) 646) 468) 36 |S. 61 10 W.| 32}! 8. 60} E. | .37
HL jf Six) ste |] call) eal | deal) Pose] fool! eel coll Tecoll ce SG) C4 wey
Spring 107) 360) 205) 129 211)1208|/1049) 525 S. 76 12 W.| .47 |5. 87 W.| .06
31. Summer | 109) 334) 196) 14%) 210/1111)1212) 744 S. 83 35 W.| .493 | N. 32 W.| .11
Northern Autumn |.120) 507) 259) 198 187|1589)1044) 598 S. 73 19 W.| .424 15. 403 W.) .02
Oregon.? | Winter 159) 665] 357) 297) 379)1479) 679) 481 8S. 57 4 W.|.27 |S. 61 E. | .18
The year? os ma scall ccall eco. (Sb ‘08 BBY Nivea
! Astoria, ie Stevens and eal and Oregon City. For observations at Oregon City see Army Met. Reg. H

2 on nS Cascades and Dele. He el om une esis Oe ane § seasons

(No. 32.) : Worthern Idaho. f
Observed at Fort Lapwai, by U. S. Army Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 3$ years, in
the years 1864 to 1869 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE | Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ea | influences. | =
ros a Se | =i S
a a [ ae Be s
Place of i O38 ‘ 9 y : i i os oa
Pescvation: ena ape 2° an oe < yeenanee &* | Direction. 2
a a Sa om | Re og 5
a|°a _ | ee A Set ve een Se on 4
= |48| 2 |as| 3 |BS| 8 |BS| ee £9 fied
Zi \ee| A |os| a |me| Fee |S fa z
f|January | 22 | 25 | 12] 19 | 8 | 27 | 62 | 30 | | 124
February | 27 | 31 | 25 | 22] 19 |-47 | 50 | 17 | 142 !
March 53 | 25 6 9 | 45 | 45 | 78 | 29 186
April 36 | 28 | 17 | 11 | 17 | 26 | 64 | 25 150
May 58) | 28) | 12) 45)" 9) 1 99) 62: |) 37 155
June 64 | 21 9 2 | 16 8 | 51 | 63 120
July Gil i) alt 7 0 6 | 18.) 25 | 45 124
32. August 62 8 5 3 By | ily |) 8) | ales} 124 :
Fort September] 28} 1] 5] 41] 11 | 11 | 23) 29 90
Lapwai. October 58 | 0 0 1 | 32 | 18 | 48 | Is | 155
November| 21 | 86 | 23 | 10 | 20 | 26 | 25 | 23 120
December | 23 | 25 | 19 5) 1d 45) | 083! | 16 fiaassciscetees ces Aap ae | 155
Spring 147 | 81 ) 35 | 24 | 71 } 80 |204 | 91 |N. 60° 5/W.! .34| 8. 40° W.|.05$ 491
Summer [187 | 40 | 21 5 | 25 | 43 | 99 |126 | ... |N. 34 1 W.)| 54) N. 11 W.}.24 | 368 f
Autumn |107 | 87 | 28 | 15 | 63 | 55 | 96 | 70 | ... |N. 388 37 W.| .26/S. 85 HE. |.093/) 365 f
Winter 72| 81 | 56] 46 | 38 |119 |195 | 63 | ... |N. 88 51 W.| .27|S. 5 W.|.183 42) |
| The year! | ... 66 558 Belles Ne BO) UG) SWVei| 688) le tecsconcee «. 1645

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

196 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 33 to 37.) Montana.
Observed as follows:

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. length of Date and remarks.
ime.
| yrs. mos,
Camp Cook, U. 8. Army Surgeons, ae il 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
Deer Lodge City, Granville Stuart, lee 0 1869.
Fort Benton, M. C. Rosseau, ) 0) 8 Last three months of the year 1862, and the
first five of 1869.
Fort Ellis, U. 5. Army Surgeons, ] 5 1868 and 1869.
Fort C. F. Smith, us os se if 9 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Fort Shaw, Ue “f of 2 4 1867, 1868 and 1869.
Helena City, A. C. Wheaton, il 7 1866, 1867 and 1868.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE & Monsoon
DIFFERENT PoINnTS OF THE COMPASS, ne) influences. a
ey >
A | i E = rae Ss
Place of |Time of the 22 oe Be £4) 45| Direction of | 3= x)
observation. year. ac oui \ ew By | resultant. | as | Direction. 5
; |Og of 2 | Og =A oe oe. A eS)
a a : ao) €)eol ws lye = og Q &
% (Ae | alae | a Eee cee SS Bel aes
= BE |e rete feseresi | Oem ete ae || ie eo 5 5
Zz |2 A ju maior | Fla io ee ei
Spring 83 | 35 § | 24 | 49 | 53 | 55 | 73 |267 |N. 60° 8/ W. 172 | N. 47$°R. | .15 | 246
33. | | Summer 19 | 17 6 1 | 19 | 32 |124 | 64 |340 IN. 78 55 W.|.28 | Nv 11 W.!| .07 | 184
Western /| Autumn | 23 | 19 | 10] 4 | 25 114 /104 | 52 |214 |S. 79 46 W.|.35 |S. 60 W.| 10) 182
Montana.! | | Winter 32 | 35 | 11 | 14 |114 273 | 95 |124 |571 |S. 62 24 W.|.293/S. 1} W.| .11 | 330
| Phe year ||| ss. [piers If ce {Ihre |) ecet|liccatll||leaeil|| «veil (Rene OomOB MOA We aab)
¢ | January 6|16| 3| 3] 24] 36] 86] 12 3 aah 62
February | 12 | 14] 7) 4/15] 29) 81] 9 bbe 57
March 15 6 5 1} 10 | 17 /126 6 62
April 18 7 id 4 9 | 23 /108 4 A 60
May 14 | 10 | 17 7 ZO) bye SEY yy) ake 62
June 11 2, || 19 0 2 | 13 (118 | 15 60
July 13 5 8 JIS SS ley. lee aaa 62
August 39 7 2.) 2) ae Sa 68-30) 2 62
34. J | September 29 | 10 ; 12 7) 17 | 27 \125 | 43 90
Fort Shaw.) | October | 2a! 5 [4] ©: | 200] 470Hne I aGe) fell ey cneeen meee arama 93
November] 15 | 15 | 12) 4 | 30 | 41 |140 | 11 90
December | 17 6 6 2 | 19 | 46 /175 | 56 hd cs 0 oa 93
Spring AT) | 23°29) 25) 26) 573383) 25 .|.61 | S.1° 5/W.| .00 | 184
Summer 63 | 14 | 39 3 | 30 | 39 |308 | 56 V.|.594| N. 154° E.| .08 | 184
Autumn 66 | 30 | 28 | 11 | 67 |115 |420 | 80 .|.614| 8. 8&4 W.} .03 | 273
Winter 35 | 36 | 16 9 | 58 |111 |342 | 77 .|.624| S. 124 W.} .06 | 212
(| The year? | ... | ses [| eee | = bod |) abo 61 SAS pra .. | 853
(| January 69) || 25 1) 34) 10) 16) Se eeaeSss ee a 62
February | 63 | 20 | 15 | 18 6 | 14 | 27 | 92 xo eee 85
March 31 | 15 | 13 | 40 | 15 | 22 | 56} 87 ate ace 93
April 18 | 27 | 11 | 50 | 17 | 35 | 64 | 48 oe ae 90
May 26 | 14) 13] 46 | 12} § | 39 | 28 ee nc 62
June 36 | 10 | 10 | 28] 5] 11 | 40 | 40 iy ae ii)
July 65 | 21 8 | 34) 18 | 19 | 65 | 49 as S05 93
35. August 64 | 28 | 29 | 45 | 21 | 11 | 49 | 32 sie Ba 93
Camp September) 91 | 28 | 33 | 35 | 13 | 19 | 76.) 65 Se ee (20)
Cook. October WA |) ay 4] 12) 18 | 22 | 50 | 84 oa fee 93
November! 74 iG 4 | 22 | 20 8 | 34 {101 Se = 90
December (129 | 25 |) G's} (9) || W23\| ites 5 a MGiTa eeeg | eecete cee | eeea etme a AB
Spring 75.| 56 | 87 |136 | 44 | 65 |159 |163 | ... IN. 73 29 W.|.21 |S. 2 W.|.21) 245
Summer /165 | 59 | 47 /107 | 44 | 41 |154 |121 | ... IN. 35 57 W.|.24 |S. 36 E. |.093) 246
Autumn /237 | 52 | 41 | 69 | 51 | 49 |160 |250 | ... IN. 37 46 W.|.44 | N. 44 W.| .10)| 303
Winter 261 | 70 | 24 | 37 | 34 | 43 | 64 |186 | ... IN. 19 46 W.|.52 |N. 5 E. | .21) 240 =
UPL be) | re teoce ieee |) cee || cea I ceo If oo feces I] oe ME Si) GU WZ EBRES| coccn ea .. |1084

1 Deer Lodge City and Helena City, surface winds and motion of clouds combined.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 197

(Nos. 33 to 37.) Montana.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DirFeRaNT Points oF THE COMPASS. ga influences, 3
=e = a
i a A e ile ar 3
Kind of Time of 23 oa $2 esas g | Directionof |2S|) 3
observation. | the year. BZ Fara Sn | | 52 |. resultant. | ¢ | Direction =
Be 2 Se) See eases lee ga| g| 2
Zz \28| a |as| @ jas] F lAs|o & Si ||
(| Spring 138 |108 |146 [160 |121 |168 \527 |195 0 |S. 89°55/ W.|.29 |S. 61° EB. |.07 | 429 |
= $j ||Summer |228 | 73 | 86 110 | 74 | 80 /462 /177 | 0 |S. 65 27 W.|.363)5. 53 HE. |.18 | 480 §
S (aa J! Autumn (314 | 91 (103 | 97 (123 |200 |625 |257 | 9 IN. 72 19 W.).41 | N. 223 W.|.10 | 637 }
SEE | Winter [336 |112 | 47 | 49 |163 |216 |460 286 | 1 |N. 67 48 W.|.425|N.18 W.!.13 | 483 §
8 (Watney cars Meeellme eal silecciiee (lee (feo) say) cre VINE 84 BBAWi|35 | ccs | seo 1979
a |u (| Spring 47 | 36 | 33 | 46 | 31 | 73 |128 | 50 S. 86 37 W.'.28 |S. 3 W.).16 | 184
A] Sa Summer | 68 | 25 | 22 | 43 | 9 | 15 | 98 | 41 N. 46 14 W.|.284| N. 473 E. |.09 | 184 §
3 &3 Autumn | 32/16] 9| 2] 3 | 22 | 45 9 . |N. 57 0 W.|.89 | N. 363 W.).09 | 121 §
ER seoh i wanter! / |e76)| 229,19 | 07 20) 40 |r |) 39") <3 IN. 52 82 W.)-82, | N. 10e W103 | 146)
E =I The years | <.. | so. | --- | ere | coe | ces | cee [ase | see (IN. 62 56 W.).B0b| secre .. | 635 §
& | od (| Spring |185 |144 |179 |206 |152 |241 (655 245 0 |s, 69 12 W.).283 S. 25 E. |.13 | 429 |
2 | 22 \|Summer [296 | 98 |108 |153 | 83 | 95 [560 [218 | 0 |N. 62 14 W.|.35 | N. 30 E. |.06 | 430 J
Ballers Autumn |346 |107 |112 | 99 /126 |222 |670 |266 9 IN, 71 18 W.|.41 | N. 69 W.).05 | 637 §
* a A Winter 412 |134 | 66 | 66 |190 |257 |537 |325 N. 66 46 W.).41 | N. 387 W.|.06 | 483
EAS | |Phe year?! se \ces | cee | cee | wee |) ee | == || one Rts WAL SIS WVGIGN@, | vcosenseno Wien OIE)
(|January | 12/12) 10} 11} 7 | 36 | 82 | YB || © 1 cooteoccons |] 220 || ceserooo: 93 4
February | 11 | 27 | 16 | 5 | 15) 44) 61 | 20) 3 85 |
March 8 | 36 | 41 | 6 | 14} 20 | 63 | 19 0 93
April 12) 6) 33 | 20) 6] 17 | 55 | 38 0 90
May 6 | 13 | 49 | 25 | 11 8 | 75 | 31 0 93 J
: June 7 | 20 |e | 2) 7) wG | se} 2 0 90 |
= || duly 16 | 4] 33]13| 9] 10 | 50/12] 0o 62 |
—E August 9 | 14} 62 | 21 7 | 40 | 42 | 18 0 sce 93
2 | September 6 16 | GO | 35 | 11 | 18 | 66 | 51 0 coe 120
& October 7 | 38 | 48 | 27] 7) 38 | 49 | 58 0 ose 124
2 November; 18 | 28 | 35 | 29] 4 | 24 | 86 | 63 | 0 ee 120 }
aie December | 19 | 38 | 38 | 34 | 8 | 66 | 66 | 60 0 9961098 209 800 poo Goo 124 f
A Spring 26 | 55 |123 | 51 | 31 | 45 |193 | 88 0 |N. 72 25 W.).15 | N. 276
= Summer | 32 | 45 |130 | 55 | 23 | 66 (128 | 58 0 |S. 78 3 W.}.022) 5S. 245
Ss Autumn | 31 | 82 |143 | 91 | 22 | 80 |201 |172 0 |N. 59 16 W.).16 | N. 364
S Winter 42 | 77 | 64 | 50 | 30 |146 |209 |108 0 |N. 88 58 W.|.32 |S. 302
B (| he year? | =. | -.. | .. || -- 2co | eee’ |) 00. | soco N. 78 34 W.|.16 1187 §
als f Spring 3 0 | 30 6 0 5 |139 | 13 N. 87 51 W.).60 | 8. 92 §
2 | = 4 || Summer 3] Gi) Al! oy OF BS yds 6 N. 86 20 W.|.54 |S. 92 §
wm | 23 ;| Autumn 5 | 4/16) 3 6 | Il | 64) 8 . |S. 87 33 W..).482) 5. < 91
Aa 2 < Winter 44/10/13) 6] 10 | 29 |103 | 17 . |N. 75 42 W.).493) N. 90 |
co |= (|| The year | 55 | 20 | 80 | 21 | 16 | 48 |409 | 44 . |N. 85 40 W. .53 365
oa {| Spring 29 | 55 |153 | 57 | 31 | 50 |332 |101 = Nees 1 Wele26) IN. 276
= 2 || Summer | 25 | 51 |151 | 61 | 23 | 69 231 | 64 . (8. 84 49 W.).14 |S. 245
+5 {| Autumn | 36 | 86 |159 | 94 | 28 | 91 |265 |180 = Ne 69) 92) Wis)-193)) Ne 364 |
a | Winter | 86 | 87 | 77 | 56 | 40 175 |212 \125 . |N. 82 27 W.).29 |S. 302 f
= S|) Wns sen || aco J ca Ste HY ceo | oc [I cee UI) ce | oto |) cn PNG BL) Woes || Sacco ... {1187 |
| H

1 Camp Cook and Forts Benton and Shaw. 2 Forts Ellis and C. F. Smith.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 38 to 40.) Dacotah, north of latitude 45°.
Observed at the following military posts, by U.S. Army Surgeons, viz.:—

Place of observation. Aggregate length
of time.

years. months,
Fort Abercrombie, 8 10 1856 to 1869 inclusive.
Fort Berthold, 1 1866, 1867 and 1869.
Fort Buford,! 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
Fort Ransom, December, 1868, to December, 1869, inclusive.
Fort Rice, 1868 and 1869.
Fort Stevenson, 1867, 1868 and 1869.
Fort Wadsworth, 1866, 1867 and 1869.
Fort Totten, August to December, 1869.

1 Formerly Fort Union. —

198 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 38 to 40.) Dacotah.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation, | the year. Direction.

or be-

Ww.

tween N. & W.
to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-
© |] tween N.& E.
veen S, & E.
tweenS. & W.
N.
Calm or
Number of days.

January
February
| March
April

| May

| June

July
August
September
| October
November |
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart
January

| February

| March
April
May

June

July
August
September
October
November
| December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart
January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September|125
October 129
| November |150
December |139
| Spring 386 |
Summer |243
Autumn |404
| Winter 297
The year‘ | ... abe IP cae || oa5. |} bee
Spring 71 | 79
Summer 67 | 59 89
Autumn | 55 | 24 71
Winter 42 27 97
The yeart | ... | ... nee
Spring (457 475 )415
Summer (310 371 370
Autumn /459 333 491
Winter (339 27 588
The yeart | ... | eal | eas ecee|| cos.) aoc

eb
or

a S)
ae

Ww bo iB bo bo
wok Ont

bo
wo

wy 3
5 16 E.

lo ok I
© oO

38. Northwestern Dacotah.!
=

bpp: a
mayest: -7
Aaa

mee
wh ow§

39. Northern Central Dacotah.2

a .
AOKI SNwWwoowp:

Surface winds.

40. Eastern Dacotah.3

clouds.

———— ———

’
ome aenmnipee

=

The two Motion of

combined.

-EEEEE CE EEE CEE eee
SPADA pane

' Fort Buford, surface winds and motion of clouds combined. f 7
2 Forts Berthold; Rice, Stevenson, and Totten, surface winds and motion of clouds combined.
3 Forts Abercrombie, Ransom, and Wadsworth. 4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ne ee

SW IRNIS IBS AOI Oo IAM. Ho UNG HOS in

199

(Nos. 41 and 42.)
Observed as follows :—

Northwestern Minnesota.

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. Jeng th of Date.
yrs. mos.
Pembina, Charles Cavileer, 0 9 1851, 1852 and 1553.
Red Lake, Rey. E. W. Carver, 1 3 1853 and 1854.
St. Joseph’s, O. A. Kellum, @) ail 1854 and 1855.
White Earth Reservation, D. Pyle, 0 4 1869.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
Dirrerent POINTS OF THE CoMPASS. Ea influences. 5
=e a
A 5 A= eB ae sg
Kind of Time of the ga o3 83 a8 3 | Direction of | 26 os
observations. year. Biz GA ae Be | no resultant. |%¢ | Direction. s
ay 2e dg eee a eels eal | oe 2h a 2
B (Ee) Be | Bee e128 [es a3 Be
Z |26| 8 | ae | aloe] & | ae jo me a | 4
feat pee {winter | 11 | 6) 9| 10/55/18) 26) 22 S. 37° 41/ W.|.361
= a is ake \
Beeed c, (| Sering 73:) 28 | 34) 6|74| ?| 26| 4 N.59 14 §, |.124
a s a | ii ip Summer 19 4) 21 3 | 98 1 fy} |) 118} S. 27 54 W.!.306
q a [ osep™ (| Winter | 129} 12] 16) 11| 76} 20] 52! 65 N. 43 2 W.!.277
x ee S/ winter | 118 | 18 | 64| 58 |434 | 98 | 190 | 245 S. 52 38 W.
21S ake |
| s= St Spring 724 |225 216 | 16 \698 | ? | 331 | 35 N. 8 47 E. |.09
ma} o A J 7 Summer | 119 | 30 |115 | 43 \690 | 4 | 474 | 194 S. 45 6 W.|.38
Bh osep™ (| Winter [1601 |118 | 77 | 40 |510 | 66 | 534 | 578 N. 35 22 W.|.49
|g. 5 |
S BS ae Winter 10.73)3.00| 7.11) 5.80) 7.89|5.44) 7.31) 11.13)
Ss |os ake
5| 2%
n|os
Salles ie St Spring 9.92) 8.04] 6.35] 2.67/9.43) 2? |12.73) 8.75) |
ot ge a Summer 6.26| 7.50! 5.48| 14.33! 7.04|4.00} 8.94'14.92
Ss | Pp Winter 12.41/9.83) 4.81) 3.64) 6.71) 3.30) 10.27, 8.89
F (| Spring 100 | 76 | 58 | 24 |140 | 28} 64] 70 | 95 |N. 9 50 W.).04 | N. 49° BE. 41
A Surf | Summer 60 | 12 | 42] 16 /172 | 27) 961} 28 | GO |S. 32 38 W.).263|/ 5. 10 W.).17
‘ae py a Autumn 77 | 44 | 23) 47 121 | 31 | 43] 97 | 16 JN. 89 19 W.|.09 | N.18 E. |.06
5, | leauge” Winter | 168 | 21 | 35 | 33 [251 | 50 | 127 | 135 | 76 |S. 80 21 W.|-21 | N. 79 W.|.09
BG Tne HEE | co |) cco P coo If c00 |} coo |} vos |} cco |] ceo |] eco SL GE PH Wnyo|oilers |
os
Seilemenon os (| Summer 4} 0| 0} 1] 3] 6] 38] 2| O|s. 72 17 w.|.44 | A
2s abe a g Autumn 30/13 | 3] 14/15/16] 14] 62] 0 |N. 45 10 W.|.40 Ee
eos) ous’ (| Winter 50 | 9 | 24] 17 | 22) 9) 17) 35! O|N. $ 1 W.|.222 | a
i a i
22 f|Spring | 100 | 76 | 58.| 24 |140| 28 | 64] 70] 95 |N. 9 50 W.|.04 | N. 59 E. |.13
@ | Thetwo | | Summer 64 | 12 | 42 | 17 |175 | 33 | 99 | 30) GO |S. 34 47 W.|.263|S. 6 W..20
5 | preceding {| Autumn | 107 | 57 | 26 61 |136 | 47 | 57 | 159 | 16 |N. 63 5 W.).16 | N.15 W..10
2 | combined. | | Winter 218 | 30 | 59 | 50 |273 | 59 | 144 | 170 | 76 JN. 87 11 W.|.173| N. 58 W...07
S | Whe yee?! cee |] cco |] aco |} cco || a0 | cen | G00 |] coo |] cee Sb CE HME Vivcyaile
|
1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :— a
Spring. Summer. Winter.
Average velocity of all winds at Red Lake in miles per hour 7.95
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds from all points of the
compass move with the foregoing average velocity, (5 ef ewensinns || conn nniens 2.87
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several points of the
compass each their own average velocity, as shown in the table above . : 2.57
Excess of the latter over the former . : 0.30
Average velocity of all winds at St. Tesesat in miles! per hour a 9.04
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds from all points OE the
compass Move with the foregoing average velocity : 1.14 2.41 2.50
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the evens! points ae the
compass each their own average velocity, as shown in the table above - ¢ 0.73 2.45 3.27
Excess of the latter over the former . E . B F ¢ ; : a 2 —0.41 +0.04 +0.77

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

200 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 43 and 44.) Western Minnesota.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—
Hazlewood (formerly Lac qui Parle), by Mr. Williamson and Rev. 8. R. Riggs, for an aggregate
period of 42 years, in the years 1844 and 1854 to 1869 inclusive.
Lapham, by E. M. Wright, J. F. MeMullin, 8. Locke, and D. F. Shortwell, for an aggregate
period of ten months, in the years 1857 and 1858.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences,

Direction of

Kind of Time of the
resultant.

observations. year.

Direction.

or be-
tween 8S. & W.

variable,
to sum of winds.

E. or be-

tween 8. & E.
Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
Ss.

5. W.

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

|
|

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year? | ... | . eridt Ilecoon|) cto. ecco |) core || os
Spring 3/232 |4 33 235 |1496
Summer |) 2 |e |212 |- 959
Autumn : iy 2 | | b 900
Winter y y 8 i 5 39/1226
The year? Beever |fecean |) adel leer I cag |) x9 HI 093
Spring -89)5.73 8. a 53) 6. -60) 6.01
Summer 22) 2.43) 7. 4 5 5 -71 4.59
Autumn r " .33| 4,18] 4.5 ‘ 05 4.55
Winter 42) 4.59) 2.96) 3. : ° .83 6.07

bo

tee
> OH aT bo

249] ...
209:
198] ..
902) .:.|

Sige ENV Gt
66 31 W.!.
W..-

Lona |
on
1a

No. of
observa-
tions

ZAa ame

No. of
wiles

W
W.
W.|-
W.!-
WwW
w
WwW

Ae oe

in the years 1854 to 1857.

43. Surface wind at Hazlewood!

velocity
in miles
pyr hour.

oS SF os reossan oF KYOTO oF

.
[-r)

CS) eae ie 2)
tte

grge SSagh grr

Spring 9 233 |e 550
Summer y 2 ‘ 502)
Autumn ¢ ¢ j 35}
Winter é y 623,
The year? es ecen|| Gcck tl seaye) coat || mest, |e rect lb ces
Spring | « 8 Tits! | axe
Summer Bi 2 61
Autumn p j y i Bs
Winter 5 | 2% d j 2 U2itees
The year? Boel Goat soak Ik coo theo. | eee home. Ih -aedy |p cea
Spring 411 156 628

Summer 2 1252 |506 |181 |242 | 563

Autumn 79 |364 | 70 |143 | 486

Winter 307 |112 |: 695
The year? Peaill| tarsi tide Po Wesce: |lence: fe cen |) na

Surface
wind

oo bo

Rao

Motion
of clouds.

AnnA BAAN wine

n
a
FoI
g
pS
3S
2
n
D
a
re)
=
=|
3
»
a
wn
aI
3
4
3
ce
>

TRIAD N'A 1A AA TATA A A TIA

J
x
D
nn
2
°
=
So
~
D>
2
|
=)
=
D>
3S
oD
oD
~
ap
oo
Pel

Two
preceding
combined.

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Spring. Summer. | Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 2 . 5.17 4.40

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving “the winds from the
several points of the compass, each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . ° 5 ° : : .

Excess of the latter over the former . 0 . .

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 201

. (Nos. 45 to 47.) Central Minnesota.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
Wame of station. By whom observed. length of

Forest City, A. C. and H. L. Smith, 3 1859 to 1866 inclusive.

Fort Ripley, U. 8. Army Surgeons, 3 | 1849 to 1869 inclusive.
Kandotta, Edwin Whitefield, | January and February, 1859.
Koniska, Thomas M. Young, | IRe(88),

Princeton, O. E. Garrison & 8. M. Byers,| 1856 to 1860 inclusive.

St. Cloud, O. E. Garrison, | 1860, 1861, 1862, 1868 and 1869.
Sauk Centre, 5. Bloomfield, 5 1868 and 1869.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIPFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place of Time of the

D Direction of
observation, year.

resultant. Direction.

tween N. & E.

E. or be-
tween S, & E,
tween 8, & W.
tween N.& W. |

variable.
Ratio of resultant
tosum of winds,

S. W. or be-
N. W. or be-
Calm or

N. E. or be-

ve)
3
°
te

s.

January : | 62) 164 413
February | 22 Be 185) 444
March | 38 130) 329
April 2 120} 250
May 349) ¢ 169} 300
June 3} 221) 370
July 4) 285) 391
August a4| 3} 249) 510
September 99 3} 281) 460) |
October fe 7| 187) 380
November p 3 4| 189) 433
December | 309| 2: 4) 192) 478
Spring 1003) 75 419) 879
Summer 627) 31) 755)1271
Autumn 713| 56 4) 657|1273
Winter 886) 62 §41/1335
IND) 57S || co |) Gas |} Goa! || Abe 1} secs
Spring 43 13) 23
Summer 32 E 3] 38
Autumn as) 3 70
Winter 51 c 2 31
Mheyyeare) eeew lect tlre tease [tere
| Spring 380 ¢ | 186
| Summer 194 ¢ 0) 233
| Autumn 179 g 492
Winter 305) 20 } 95) 159
WONG NFER || cco | eee A kee ||| Seco ll Peab
Spring 8.84) 8.65] 4.85) 5.85) 8.09
Summer | 6.06) 4.89} 4.20) 9.13) 6.13
Autumn | 4.97) 6.77| 3.86) 6.32) 7.03
Winter 5.98 69) 9.75) 5.13

she
Reso ot
“Io or

17° 55! W.|.
17 37
57 16
83

70

36

46

56
(26
83

34

36

74

- 61

. 70

OD:
WRaae

ST ctemge tt ley tere tee Fee aleeete
ZARRAA ADR ARAMA

No. of ob-
servations.

tiles.

in the years 1856 and 1857.

|
|
|

46. Surface wind at Princeton,!

tS)
S
A
lal
=
5)
£
o
rs

ns
a 2
— Oo
caret
an
= D
Bi

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Summer. | .| Winter. |The year.
| |

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . 6.45 ° 6. 7.08
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity : ‘i " : 4 : ; d 64 : ais 1.01
True velocity in mean direction, ¢ giving to the winds from every
point of the compass each their own average velocity, as
shown in the table above. - : : ; , y , 74 | 1.2
Excess of the latter over the former . : 0 2 < o | “ 204 —.22 +.2

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

26 November, 1874.

202 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 45 to 47.) Central Minnesota.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

——— | -
| Spring (1449/1171) 744] 778|1351) 541/1250/1228| 407|N. 23°44’ w. |.
Sumnier | 901 790) 541/1228)1985) 81210941173] 683/S. 24 57 W.).
Autumn | 928 767) 476 991/1742) 770/1301/1360| 637)S. 62 58
Winter 1291) 850) 524) 8471828) 699/1516)1467| 567|N. 89 21
The year! |... |... | see | sce | wee | cee | cee || aco | aes 1S ZS Li
| Spring 141) 84 68} 89) 79) 369] 161] ... |N. 69 22
| Summer 81| 40} 52) 62] 161] 151) 506| 178] ... |S. 82 55
Autumn 101; 40) 62} 131} 80) 278] 176) ... . 85 29
Winter 117| 36] 135] 51) 87| 50) 326) 113] ... |N. 75 21
WU AYsya cet erael Pocota| em lihcces [cre |] Goa |cca |jucte |) cou: PN eS 44
Spring 15901255) 853) 846 1440) 620,1619|1389| 407|N. 35 30
| Summer | 982 830) 5931290 2146) 963/1600\1351) 683/S. 43 17
J | Autumn {1029 807} 580/1053 1873) 850/1579/1536) 637\S. 49 54
Winter |1408 886) 659, 8981915) 7491842)1580| 567 N. 87 22
eae cco Wop, |} con | are |) ocd: ote I] ona {Pnas . |S. 74 46

Direction
of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. the year.

or be-

tween 8.& W.|

Direction.

to sum of winds,

tween N-& E. |

E or be-
tween S, & E.
Ss. W.
N- W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

variable.
Ratio of resultant

N.E. or be- P

a
n
<4
1)

Ss.

|

pies lk
Sree

eH
(S)
to

wind.

2
Bs
5
wm

clouds.

Motion of

vations at all the stations.

Zyny zum wznnw

47. Ageregate number of obser-

Two
preceding
combined

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 48 to 49.) Eastern Minnesota.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Itasca, by O. H. Kelley, for an aggregate period of ten months, in the years 1860, 1861 and 1863.
St. Anthony, by C. F. Anderson, during eight months of the year 1854.
Tamarack, by Mary A. Grave, for an aggregate period of ten months in the years 1863 and 1864.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DifFPeReNT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. " influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Kind of Time of

observations. the year. Direction.

N. E. or be

tween N. & E.

tween 8. & E.

S. W. or be-

tween 8. & W.

N. W. or be-

tween N.& W.

Calm or

» variable.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

~

Spring |, eae 3 | 73 31. | 6 |S. 42°35/ w.|.153
Summer j 4 | 131 5. 32 48 W.|.4
Autumn 55 2 3 » 66 44 W.,).5:

tions.

No. of
observa-

| Spring | 155 50 |584 286 | 8: . IN. 73 13 W.|.2:
Summer 50 |839 \17 98 |... |S. 17 41 W.|.
| Autumn 0 | p 412 2 |2 .. |S. 74 33 W.).

miles.

|
3

Spring 4 -92 81) 8.00
Summer a 09} 7 -21) 6.40) 4.
Autumn Fe He dee ? -56| 7.49) ¢

48. Surface wind at St.
Anthony! in the year 1854.
No. of

1S
328
rsa
Agé
ae

en

! From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour. : : c - : E 9.09 5.12
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds from every point ‘
of the compass move with the foregoing average velocity . : : :
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several points of the
compass each their own average velocity, as shown in the table above. : 2.07 93
Excess of the latter over the former E F : c 5 2 a .| +.66 |—1.58

1.41 2.51

so

SIT IIIB Io AO INT BMV Zee UNO) EOS ws 203

(Nos. 48 to 49.) Eastern Minnesota.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

| Direction of |
resultant.

Kind of Time of
observations. the year.

or be-

tween N.& W.

Direction.

variable,
to sum of winds,

WwW.
Ratio of resultant

N.E. or be-
tween N.& E.
Ss. BE. or be-
tween 8S, & E.
tween 8. & W.
oa ew | Calm or
eT eis a)

N.

50° 5/ W.!.01 | N. 53° Bs. |.22

25 W..!35 |S. 12 .18

67 19 W.!.44 |S. 8: lhe) 0

67 40 W. .20 . 2 E. |.063 181

53 3 W. .24 . |853 |
86 W. 16h) N. 85 E. |.05 |215

78° 33 W..36 |S. 67 .|.14 |153

77 28 W..62 |S. 72: 1.40 | 90

pays 4S DeerX!) ‘ 3. |.49 | 90

85 W. .22 . 548

81 20 W. .042| N. 60 EK, |.21

AG W. .32 |S. .|.11

70 38 W..481/S. 7 .|.24

68 32 W..18 . 50 E. |.08

63 W. .25

for}
rt
a

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

pwn

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Motion of

49. Aggregate number of
observations at all the stations.

Tan yn wa Un a be Uo Bn on

Two
preceding
combined.

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 50 and 51.) Northern and Northeastern Minnesota.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. length of

Ge

1859 to 1869 inclusive.
1857 to 1860 inclusive.
1852 and 1853.

1849 and 1850.

1856 and 1857.

1850, 1851 and 1852.

Beaver Bay, H. and C. Wieland,
Burlington, _ A. A. Hibbard,
Cass Lake, A. Barnard,

Fond du Lae, Rev. Jos. W. Holt,
Lake Winnebigashish, Rev. B. F. Odell,
Sandy Lake, Samuel Spates,

Rarpanws

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Kind of observations. Time of the
year.

E. or be-
to sum of winds,

tween N. & EB.

tween S.& W.

tween N, & W.
variable,

Ratio of resultant

N. W. or be-

N. E. or be-
S. W. or be-
Calm or

Ss
tween S. & E.

Spring | 5] 21}
No. of observations. | Autumn i 18)
Winter 36 15
| Spring 40) 102) 44

|

13° 32/ B. |.(
GLa:
- 73
32) 27
30
44

Wo
ThA ThA cA Th

No. of Miles. Autumn - 28| 109) 4
Winter BE 306| 159) 60 | 196 199
areaes Spring b 4.86 2.75) 4.57) 3.86

Se NA J) eviieien Se LaOl Gl 6.06 2.00/4.50 2.67
miles per Loar: || Winter [442 4.00) 6.76 5.10)

|

ish! in the years
1856 aud 1857.

~ 1
& oct
3G
a
ES
28
=
f=}
mo
AY
coe
Be

|

' From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

*

Spring. Autumn. Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 4 2 c ° |
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds from every point of |
the compass move with the foregoing average velocity 0 - ‘ . : |
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several points of the |
compass each their own average velocity, as shown in the table above 9 C 54 | 5
Excess of the latter over the former . : : 5 : c Sevens - | +.33 | +.60

204 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 50 and 51.) Northern and Northeastern Minnesota.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction of

Kind of Time of
resultant.

observations. the year.

| Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

tween 8, & E.
tween 8S. & W.
tween N. & W.
Calm or

we)
2
Cs }
A | |

f°}
n

| 176] 412) 398] 635) 375|N. 0°26/ w.|.

Spring 3-270

—\

que Summer 986 304 2| 237) 56 ‘ 473) N. 4 15 W.|.12
Surface J | A ntumn 33| 644) 234) 104) 206) ¢ 5 48 281|/N. 43 20 W.).
ve Winter | 378) abi | 183) 606) 582/ 989 310)N. W. |.35)

Rene

W.|.

| The year! Pen (are a | ie
W.|.

| Spring 12 5| 64) 23| 39 260) 252
oti f | Summer 79} 59) 71 35| 168| 314)
Motionof || ‘autumn | 120| 145| 9 | 57| 325
clouds. || Winter | 82| 84| 77 54| 152, 161
The year! Selle Rl Geezyll| case alla | peat alltees
“ | Spring 444/1302 334] 124) 215| 537) 658] 8
we Pre- || Summer | 2681045, 375) 119) 272) 728, 745
ceding |’ Autumn | 553) 789 326, 138 263) 688 926 1096
com- || Winter | 460] 518) 244| 237) 758, 7431248]
[ a thet yearea | see eesoihl) soci lll-decsyallinescatlleeeasl keeeall | eee eee
|

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

nz th 2

bebe bl

vations at all the stations.

AAAZAAAAAAAA
“Ran

51. Aggregate number of obser-

(Nos. 52 and 53.) Northwestern Wisconsin.

Observed at the following places, viz..:—

Ashland, Bay City or Whittlesey, by Edwin Ellis, for an aggregate period of 52 months, in the
years 1856 to 1861 inclusive.

Bayfield, by H. J. Nourse, for an ageregate period of 22 months, in the years 1867, 1868 and 1869.

Odanah, by Edwin Ellis, for an aggregate period of 34 months, in the years 1861 to 1866 inclusive.

Superior, by W. H. Newton, L. and R. Washington, C. Loring, Jr., Wm. Mann, G. R. Stuntz,
and KH. B. Bly, for an aggregate period of nearly five years in the years 1855, 1856 and 1860 to 1863
inclusive.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

|
Direction of

Kind of observations. Time of the
resultant.

year.

Oalm or
to sum of winds.

S. E. or be-
tweenS & E.
W. or be-
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
variable.
Ratio of resultant

Ss. W.

(| Spring

Summer

| Autumn

| Winter
Whe yyear2 || Seen | wees ee ee ere eel pier
(| Spring | 166 01) ee: $ 290
Summer | 2584) 38 2% 8 | 693
No. of miles. Autumn | 257! 2189 25/1086) 378
Winter 305, 38 : 36 266 409

The year? Aipiel fac

(| Spring
Mean velocity in | | Summer
miles per hour. Autumn
L Winter

ZAZAZABAAAA

No. of
observat’ns.

and 1857.

4aaeradaee

Surface wind at Bay City

Ss
D
ry
5

ae

ce]
a

52.

1 fgeen this table we obtain the fo oRrneD summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. } Autumn.| Winter. |The year.
| eer |

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : ill 4.82 if PDS 8.07 4.56 7.00
Velocity i in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . : } . 86 Te 1.08
Trne velocity in mean direction, giving to the. winds from ine
several points of the compass each their own average velocity.
as Shown in the table above . : : 5 o “ : 3.58 of . ct 2.30
Excess of the latter over the former . 5 ‘ 5 : = J | : ” : +1.27

2 cmpea from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 52 and 53.)

Kind of
observation.

Surface 4
wind.

Motion

Two pre-
ceding
com-

lL bined.

vations at all the stations.

53. Aggregate number of obser-

L

Time of
the year.

Spring
Summer

Winter
L| The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter y | 21) 19
The year! | ... |
Spring
Summer |
Autumn | 194 114
Winter } | 139) 143
The year! | ... do5 || eo

ZONE

LAT. 45° ©O 50° N. 205

Northwestern Wisconsin— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENOE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

. E. or be-
tween 8S. & IE.

N. E. or be-

tween N. & E.
| East.

Ss

319| 171
172| 127

Autumn j 137) 84
118, 124

| 108) 25
64, 53
57 30

427| 196
| 236) 180

Direction of

resultant, Direction.

or be-

tween N.& W.
to sum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

N. W.
Calm or

632
1076
1046
1247

- 61° 33/ E. |
Bb @ fH) Viol
3. 58 50
. 62 54
co, |)) sos |] Seo. Ifa - 0d 59
178 99) =... |IN. 28) 51
346} 2( 3a)... |N. 69 11
337] 172) 247) ... |N. 63 9
197 mee NAD) 3
son {| ene |] pea |}) oso No GA. 12

810 : - 26 37
1422 | 44 54
1383) 4 . 78 49
1444 . 70 48

coc . 86 14

0 ee
> aco
RA ta

WMA A wn is

(Nos. 54 to 57.)

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Northern Michigan, west of longitude 87°.

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

Central Mine,
Clifton,

Copper Falls,

Eagle River,

Fort Wilkins,
Garlic,

Houghton,
Marquette,
Ontonagon,
Pennsylvania Mine,

S. H. Whittlesey,
Wm. Van Orden, Jr.,
C. 5. Whittlesey,
Mrs. M. A. Goff,

U. 5. Army Surgeons,
Edwin Ellis,

J. B. Minick,

G. H. Blaker and others,! -

Edwin Ellis,
R. H. Griffith,

3
a

yrs.
7 2 1867, 1868 and 1869.
September, 1863.

1856 and 1857.

1856.

1844, 1845 and 1846.
1864 and 1865.
August, 1866.

1857 to 1863 inclusive.
1866 to 1869 inclusive.
1867, 1868 and 1869.

pa

SCWNSONSGOSO
=
NMORPOHNASHE OH

Time of
the year.

Place and
kind of ob-
servations.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
| Summer
| Autumn
| Winter
| The year?
Spring
| Summer
Autumn
Winter
| The year?

Surface
wind

55. Marquette.
Motion of
clouds.

The two
combined.

——

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

177) 157) 112
68, 71} 60

N.E. or be-
tween N. & E.

136
| 114] 148

tween S. & W.

5S. W. or be-

cs
33 ; | Direction of
ae resultant.
°

Ee
Ze
117]... |S. 72°32! W.|.1:
179) ... |S. 7
195] ... |S. 89
141) ... |N. 78
oe . 84
407) 187/N. 34
261) 168)N. 65
439| 118/N. 72

| 434) 97|N. 85
N. 69

N

s

N

Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

variable
Number of days.

Calm or

| . 69 4/50
41| ... |S. 88 42 W.|.604
| 106) ... IN. 77 .|.56
40| ... |N. 85 24 W.|.70
i INES WE toes

| 451) 187/N. 43 .|.20
| 302) 168\N. 76 .|.193
39| 545] 11S|N. 74 17 W.|.31
474, 97\N. 85 5 W.|.384
ee N. 72 54 W.|.26

Vaal 3

1 Peter White and F. M. Bacon.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

206 WINDS OF

(Nos. 54 to 57.)

THE GLOBE.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Northern Michigan.— Continued.

nsoon

Time of
the year.

Kind of
observation.

E. or be-
tween S. & E.

tween N. & E.
S. W. or be-
tweenS. & W.

Ss.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The years
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The years} ... ond 260 ae
Spring | 12) 30
Summer I ere 24 52
Autumn 20 | 80
Winter 2 10
The years an
Spring
| Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

ee a-
tions.
861 |
186

7575 1063

2149 1141

Ecol ekceo

No. of
miles.

and 1857.2

Mean
velocity
in miles
per hour.

al
[
|
ey

Surface wind at Smithson-
ian stations! in the years 1856

10.04
8.36 16.20
285 | 488
| 266 | 484
215 | 403
178 | 341

56.

Motion
of
clouds.

543,
686
605 |1063
553 | 925

518
536
483
351

297
290
235
180

The two

com-
bined. |

'
~
a
A
2.
om
ce
66
mae
ve
mw
7
oa
Be
Hii)
23
=
Sea
1a
a
28
tos
tp
~
Lm)

L

' Including also Marquette.
2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

tween N. & W.

N. W. or be-

20.95
14.47
784
798

|1033

912
85
119
203
78

869
917
1236
990

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Calm or

. 22° 48/ B.

46 W.|.136

45 W.|.2 PS}

22 W.!.188| N

51 W.}.

53 E. N. 75 . EB. |.

25 W.|.033|8. 84 E. ].
6 W.}. N

5L W.1.é N.
1 W.).2:

'N. 6 65° E.
South.
» 82° Wak

n'Z

8} E.

Ban gee eee:

PAA ANNA Nany

niluences.

. 87 W.}.28

-| Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour .

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds from every
point of the compass move with the foregoing average velocity .

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several
points of the compass each their own average velocity, as shown in
the table above . 5

Excess of the latter over the former a : : C

% Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 58 to 61.)

Observed as follows :—

F Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. length of
time.

; j yrs. ‘mos

Abbitibbe Post, New Britain, James Lockhart, 1 4
Kenogumissee, ‘“ Thomas Richards, 1 4
Michipicoten, Canada West, John Swanston & C. Rankin, 4 10
Winnipeg, New Britain, James Stewart, 0 9

14.51 16.29

3.85 3.06

5.06
+2.00

Manitoba, south of latitude 50°, and Canada West, north of latitude 45°.

1868 and 1869.

1860 to 1863 inclusive.

1847 and 1860 to 1866 inclusive.
1869.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 58 to 61.) New Britain and Canada West.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENOE OF WINDS FROM THE 2s Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, s influences. 4
® . |——— == =
ij a) 1 E | & ] a3 g
Place and Time of the 23 23 | RE £2) | Direction of | 35 6
kind of year. mA ou | aie) BA || aie) resultant. | J. | Direction. 5
observations. a Og 6a | e Orr Z 2A | Og ro} 3 Z 2
a Gl} 2a || ee o] 8 leo] ee og g | 5
BAO] 2 lae| BIBe| 2 |ee| ee Ss 2/3
° -— a ne ||) Oe g -E | a> eo ° %
Zl27 |] alae] ala Elzeis fa A
——— —) — ——|———— bates —
( Spring 81} 29°} 18) 18) 55 | 17 | 27 | 31 | N. 12° 32/ W.|.16 | N. 334°R. |.094
Sd Summer 56 | 26 | 32 | 16 | 62 | 16 | 30 | 38 | N. 21 19 W.|.063|S. 76 E. |.06
€a Autumn 32 5 4 2/25 | 4 7} wal N. 31 37 W.|.18 | N. 6 W.|.07
ze Winter 31 6 5 | 13) 56] 9) 20) 37 8. 73 25 W.).20 |S. 38 W.|.17
b Uy) Bae Speers hose: | san} Teco | ee5 IP) Geo ill cco ceo: ||) Bon N. 47 30 W.|.12
z a Spring 49 | 11 ff IMO) 2A) | a) ale N. 5 18 W.)|.20 | N. 51 E. |.25
‘q gs Summer 28 3 8 5 | 18 | 33 | 28 | 34 N. 81 21 W.|.40 | N. 86 W.).13
aI Bo Autumn 20 0 2 Uy) Bey zt) aK) 6 8. 51 50 W.|.24 |S. 8 E. |.20
Bl] se Winter Si) |] By DW 3 |) Bey | aig} ates Ie) N. 72 38 W.|.26 | N.47 W.).044
° iS) shiveyye ariel Rene iene ee spilliese.dltue-ee lll eetallese (li ee N. 77 52 W.|.22
rs tog (| Spring 130 | 40 | 26 | 28 | 83 | 26 | 34 | 48 N. 9 47 W.).173| N. 44 EL |.153
oe 2 | | Summer 84 | 29 | 40 | 21 | 80 | 49 | 58 | 72 N. 69 11 W.|.17 |S. 89 W.|.02
Bos / | Autumn 52 5 6 a By j) Pale ae N. 83 7 W.|.14 |S. 2 W.|.044
= 2 a Winter 61 9 7 | 21 | 78 | 22] 35 | 56 S. 88 40 W.).214)S. 50 W. -103
as ANG) SAEWE | coe! |] c05 | tsa See) Gost} cco Ht cos | sco |] soo INE, is Bark A\yealloaliy
(| Spring 144 227 |178 | 44 | 54 |151 |276 | 91 | 307/N. 23 39 W.|.13 | N. 36 E. |.07
59. Summer 49 | 91 | 67 | 31 | 45 |149 |399 | 57 | 376/S. 87 15 W.|.31 |S. 70 W.|.23
Michipico- Autumn 204 |221 |137 | 55 |111 |259 159 106 | 256|N. 89 44 W.|.09 | N. 843 E. |.034
ten. | | Winter 258 /231 256 | 69 |141 |199 \176 | 84 | 296\N. 31 29 BE. |.10 | N. 82 RE. 143
|| Mae see! |} one Hh cae |] co |] cee [cca | cdo I cca ff) ore |] coe Na Be 2) Thiel
Spring 87 | 80 | 25 | 21 |120 | 42 | 38 | 44 N. 3 24 EB. |.09 | N. 421 E. |.21 |153
60. [ August 13 0 5 0 | 37 5 | 14/19 | ... |S. 61 30 W.|.32 |S. 584 W.|.17 | 31
Kenogu- {| Autumn 70 | 36 | 46 | 11 /163 | 77 | 49 | 94] ... 1S. 55 6 W./.20 1S. 31 W.|.06 1182
inissee. | | Winter 62 | 22 | 35 5 |120 | 36 | 20 | 63 | ... |S. 53 11 W.|.12 |S. 723 E. |.04 {121
[Lj] INAS SCE I coo | ete. |] 00 I] G00 | cco |! cco | ane! oun I coo IS OEE CUR \WAILAIGS |] So ee se» |487
Spring 88 } 58 | 12 | 26 | 88 | 28 | 23 |136 Q (IN. 34 19 W.).26 | N. 39 E. |.13
61. Summer 44 9 | 12 7 | 67 | 33 | 30 | 74 0 |N. 84 51 W.).30 |S. 391 W.|.11
Abbitibbe Autumn 38 4) 13 | 13 | 61 | 27 | 28 | 89 0 |N. 80 20 W.|.314] S. 55 W.|.10
Post. Winter 84 | 20 | 22 | 41 | 80 | 23 | 32 |125 0 |N. 49 24 W.|.22 | N. 62 E. |.07
The year! | ... | ... see | vee | ee | ee | eee | nee JN. 64 33 W.|.252

ZONE

we

IAL. 21 @ NO) HOO ini,

207

(Nos. 62 to 65.)

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Northern Michigan, east of longitude 87°.

Observed as follows:—

Place of observation.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

Fort Brady,

Fort Mackinac,
Lake George,

Northport,

Presque Isle,

St. James,

Sugar Island,
Thunder Bay Island,

U. 5. Army Surgeons,

73

J. H. Foster and
E. Perrault,

H. R. Schitterley and
Rev. G. N. Smith,

Mr. Woolsey,

James J. Strang,

U. 5. Engineers,

U. 5. Engineers and
J. J Malden,

(iG iG

B
a

<j
i)

b

~)

a
DORs ~~ =) (=)

Nowc ee os

1823 to 1856 inclusive, except the years 1826, 1829
ana 1849.

1826, 1831 to 1836, and 1842 to 1859 both inclusive.

1859.

1862, 1863 and 1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1842 and 1843. -

1852 to 1856 inclusive.
1866, 1867 and 1868.
1858, 1859 and 1869.

208 WINDS OF THE

(Nos. 62 to 65.)

GLOBE.

Northern Michigan.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
PoinTS OF THE COMPASS,

Place of | Timeof
observation. | the year.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.

| East.

S. W. or be-

tween S.& W.

Spring 14 | 577 1087

Summer 703 | 431 | 824 |
Autumn 5 380 | 735 |
Winter 640 | 493

The year? | ... Zeon) Ieee
Spring 32 | 284 11052
Summer 28 228 | 606
Autumn 83 | 411 | 852
Winter 477 \1175
The year? | ... 299 so

62.
Fort
Mackinac.

63.
Fort Brady.

—\

Spring 57} 66) 101
Summer 47| 12) 37
Autumn 45| 380] 59
Winter 45| 56} 36
The year® Te A06 ons

No. of
observations.

Spring 378 1079 |2021
Summer 523 259 | 463
| Autumn 824 | 367 | 964
| Winter 689 | 966 | 954
The year? | ... ec mee

1854, 1855 and 1856.
No. of
miles

Spring | 6.63/16.35|20.00|10.38
Summer (11.13 21.58/12.57/10.85
| Autumn [18.31 12.23)16.34)12.70
Winter = |15.31 17.25)26.50)16.35

miles per hour.

(SS SS Os Be, eee eee

Mean velocity in

Spring _ [1324 |1110 |2367 |1763
Summer [1183 | 773 |1574 |1537
Autumn E 953 |1730 |1764
Winter 38 11355 |1837 |1873
The year? a ae Ee) oe
Spring 5} 28) 16) 23
Summer 5 7 3
Autumn De LOU akg) 14
Winter ji) abil 23 | 24
| The year? ane oo mae pce
Spring 1138 |2383 |1786
Summer /1203 | 778 |1581 /1540
Autumn /|1604} 963 |1749 |1778
Winter 1614 |1366 |1860 |1897 |
The year? | ... ore con co

winds.

Motion of Surface
clouds.

vations at all stations.

n
~
3
o
mB
°
a
ve}
i=]
=
7)
o
A
3S
tar)
ee)
mn
ve
3s
<
Ee
©
°
Ba)
~
|
n
<i
ee)
‘
i-]
o
a
)
os
t=)
ue
©
45)
g
3
A
©
2
3
a0
o
-
oy
a0
<
1S
C=)

The two
combined.

_—

423 |

526

613 |
| 495

Woe
510

576

2) 603

| 564

| 240
furl
146
164

[3530

5 2711
3 1875

|2112

14.27 14.71
21.33 15.85

22.72

11.47

12.03/12.88

942
1279
1455
1401

22
44
43
44

964
1323
1498
1445

1414
1744
1753
/1560
227
141
183
159

1641
1885
1936
1719

W. or be-
tween N.& W.

Calm or

1070
852

2) 1003

1040
991
928
782)

1201

5 |2085
393 |2454

&.64/11.99
9.33/14.30
16.60)15.22
8.67/12.92

2384
2944
2023
2040
66
88
126
146

2450
3032
2149
2186

2390
2576
131
47
137
156

2779
2296
2527
2732

2648 |2
2249 |) 2

(269

variable.

69
72
43
50
46
66

6
69
21

RAR AAA AA

Zi Ge a) ge

isp)
.

ia A

201
118
106

ZARUANRAnMAAnH A

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant

. 16° 48! W.).

2 w.l.
15 W.|
45 W.|.
37 W...
44 W.
42 Wei.
12K

23 E. |.13;
29 W. .0:
13
14
48
23
27

444244455425232%

to sum of winds,

Monsoon

Direction.

N. 545°, |.
5. (558 Wale
S. 24 W.|.
Nee vel

N. 32 W.}.

Zany

Anna mann

influences.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing

average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving “the winds from the
several points of the compass, each their own ees sagt

as shown in the table above =
Excess of the latter over the former .

Spring.

Summer.

Autumn.

Winter.

13.68

2.48

1.88
—.60

14.59

15.31

2.60

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES BY ZONE 92° LAT 45° TO 50° N. 209

(Nos. 66 to 74.) Canedasniact:
Observed as follows :—

Aweneaaie Teneee Date

Place of
By whom observed. Gt taine.

observation.

years. months, :
Montreal, A. Hall & J. McCord, 13 8 1836 to 1838, 1845 to 1853, 1855 to 1858, and 1861 to 1863, all inel.
Quebec, West and others, § 0 1743, 1744, May, 1765, to May, 1766, and 1832 to 1836 inclusive.
St. Anne, John Donoghue, 0 6 November, 1866, to April, 1867, inclusive.
St. Martins, Chas. Smallwood, 7 1 1854 to 1859 inclusive, 1860 and January, 1861.
Stanbridge, A. H. Gilmour, 10 1 1856 to 1865 inclusive, 1868 and 1859.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Monsoon
POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place and kind of Time of the
resultant.

observations. year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable
Ratio of resultant

tween N. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

N. E. or he-
Calm or

Spring 379
No. of wea | Summer 3 212
if
|
4
|
{

LG) eee - 11° 20! W.|.2
290 | ... |S. 66 31 W.|.:
Autumn 310 417 |... 3 14
Winter 395 | : 413 2 BPA | con IJNla (88) BP)
The years |... zo2 || 090 090 96 coo ane 598 .. |N. 87 42
Spring 68.8 |2998.2)62.8 |634.5 |422.1 |1823.2 |1130.0|2337.2| ... |N. 34 42
Summer | 524.0 |1350.0/124. | -0|609.0|2219.0/1326.0/1643,0| ... |N. 32
Autumn .5 |2485.0/126. . |711.0/3358.5 |1654.5 |3240.0] ... |N. 73 11
Winter .0 |2145.6 ih -7/231.5 |2857.5 |2157.0/2933.4| ... |N. 0
The year? |... cee cent, Msc 206 non 00 cad Boo {NIG (ots) 5}
Mean (| Spring ; 7.91 |3.92) 4.38 | 4.74] 4.22 | 5.98 | 7.40] ...
Behe Summer : 6.37 |4.13) 2.5 5.03 | 4.06 | 7.13 | 5.67
in miles Autumn : 8.02 | 6.30) 6. G7 | GOB || O79 | Ware
p’r hour. Winer j. 5.43 | 8.60) 4.13 | 4.29 | 6.92 |10.13 | 7.48
Spring q 965 466 | 485 | 1131 | 1196 | 1022
Surface Summer | 766 | 19% 636 | 1576 | 1249 | 844
i al Autumn g 883, 3 0 | 545 | 1318 | 1260 | 1213
MENG: Winter Ay || ap 413 | 1125 | 1296 | 1097
L| The year? coe 500 celal] gos 098 ced ne0 oot
| Spring 190 85 203 251 205

Oo
oe ow
Pes)

observa-
tions.

No. of
miles.

66. Montreal and St. Martins,!
surface wind in the years
1854, 1855, 1856 and 1857.

Se

ZnDA

Martins.

Aggregate number of observations

Motion Summer § 157 3 | 129 355 179 203
of Autumn 5 198 j 128 315 215 296
clouds. Winter 208 56 256 265 175
The year3 een ae cos|| | deo oo a sh
__¢| Spring 37 | 1115 | 209] 527 | 570 | 1334 | 1447 | 1227
Pwo Pre- |) Summer 4} 993 552 | 765 | 1931 | 1428 | 1047
coms J | Autumn 1081 | 562 | 673 | 1633 | 1475 | 1509
ae Winter 397 | 1333 | 131| 312 | 469 | 1381 | 1561 | 1272 |
ined. L Mae weane
68. Montreal, 1836. The year ‘ 100 35 2 291 320 150
69. Montreal, 1837. The year 26 154 30) 44 240 406 154
F Spring 36 51 85 18
No. of Summer 26 67 44 18 |
observa- + | Autumn 28 62 41 14 |
tious. Winter 11 49 : 43 20 |
The year? aes 208 900 000 200 Geo 200 000
Spring 177 209 : 505 62
NOE Summer 92) | = 270 E y 306 122
salle Autumn 7 206 291 262 96
i Winter 73 | 34 | 248 8 29% 134
The year? | ... scp, {hone bee 208 oon one be6 se
Mean (| Spring 4.12 | 4.92 |2.82| 4.10 | 4.99 c 94 | 3.44 | ...
velocity | Summer 3.93 | 3.54 2.37) 4.03 | 3.50 a Gk || Cadi} | cea

first two years.

. 274 E.
14 BE.
33. W.|.0:
4 2.

67. Montreal and St.
for entire period, except the
ANMIA AW nin

NLNNNNNAAM

70. Stanbridge.?
WN AA wns

Surface winds in the years
1856 and 1857.

in iniles Autumn 5.60 | 7.36 | 3.33) 4.69 | 6. 3 ae 6.86
Lp’r hour. || Winter 4.20 | 6.64 |2.00] 5.06 | 7.26 .20 $ 6.70

' From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. Autumn. | Winter.

Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds from every ‘point
of the compass move with the foregoing average velocity . 1.23 1.64 1.95
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several points of
the compass each their own average velocity, as shown in the table : - «Di 1-67 2.08
Excess of the latter over the former . ; a i 3 i 5 = = +.03 | +.13

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 5.97 5.13 7.28 “ 6.84

* From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

SI Summer, Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 4.53 5.u4

Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds from every “point
of the compass move with the foregoing average velocity . 1.42
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several points of
the compass each their own average velocity, as shown in the table ? = 4 1.25 2.11
Excess of the latter over the former . > : é é : : 5 : oe —17 | = | +.39

1.72

* Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

27 December, 1874,

210 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 66 to 74.) Canada Bast.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon }
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

i =a
5 |

Direction of

Place and | Time of the |
resultant,

kind of year.
observations. |

or be-
or be-

tween N.& W.

Direction.

to sum of winds,

w.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days,

tween S.& W. |
N.W.

tween N. & FE,

N.E. or be-

+
n
oS <

s.

Spring 2: 243) 161
Summer 57| 176) 150

IS. 38°47/ W.|.
S.16 7 W.|.3:
S. 30 26 W.|.

ND He UO
owe
oo O09
bp
co
for)

71. Stan-

b

( |

|
bridge, {| Autumn | 133) 206) 99 |
|| Winter | 176] 165| 119, 426) 529] 3: 97|S. 38 52 W.).
| Dlvesy carts Srean | tress cee cone) con nee | Sen 2) ew inl ke
L

aggregate.

Spring ac | Stiga eee ee ae 0199 Westerly
Summer |... | ... | 136) ... | «.. || «. oce Westerly
{| Autumn eee [set | LOO iecetall raced (lees ocd Westerly

72.
Quebec, }
1832-6. || Winter co |) cone) IBN eo. cca" | [brcce: aot Westerly

Mhekyears || tern || ues Os Oy cennn | mesa | are 20 Westerly

73. )

Quebec, | |
1743, 1744, || The year 195, 25 269, 47| ... |S. 71 42 W.).
1765 and’ |

1766.)

| Spring | 31] 18} 26] 48, 18] 29] ... |S. 22 49 w.|.13
Autumn | 8) 3 23) 19) 12) ... |S. 46 6 W.|.40
Winter 30| 29) 2: 114) 47] 45] .. |S. 59 56 W.|.34

J
74,
St. Anne.2 (

1 Observed by Gautier in the years 1743 and 1744; name of observer in 1765 and 1766 not ascertained.
2 Surface wind and motion of clouds combined,
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 75 and 76.) Central Maine, latitude 45° to 46°.

Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

Name of station. By whom observed. length of
time.

Foxcroft, M. Pitman, 1863 and 1864,
Lee, E. Pitman, 1864 to 1867 inclusive.
Monson, B. F. Wilbur, 5 1856 and 1857.
Williamsburg, E. Pitman, 1863, 1864 and 1866 to 1869 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE . Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction
Kind of Time of of

observations, the year. Direction.

resultant.

S. E. or be-

tween 8. & E.

tween §,& W.

N. Ww. or be-

tween N.& W.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

Number of days

tween N.
S. W. or be-

| E.

Spring 3} 18 IN. 77° 21! W.|.
Summer | 25) 2 2 41|S. 17 W.}.
Autumn 3 20); 32 | IN. 51
Winter 2: 22) | | 33} 161/N. 19
WLU CERO teen cen | codecs ilgso yas acco |] cee || 0
Spring ‘ 36 | 12) 2 | 192)N. 27
Summer 5] 94 | 1S. 22
| Autumn | | 124)10 77| 12: 883'S. 16
Winter : | 74 3 iN. 13
BUST REE IE | OBE ass il ces || ce seten|| 65

Spring 3. 72) 2.00
Summer |6. .14/ 3.76}
; Autumn | 6.45) 4.85) 3.87| 9.
| Winter .25| 3.78] 3.36] 4.0
The year | 5. -12) 3.45

=)

No. of
observa-
tions

Surface winds in

the years 1856 and 1857.

miles.

No. of
~- 2P2NA BAnnmn

in miles
per hour.

Mean
velocity

— SS _ OS SF RO FD

75. Monson.!
pop Riot,

{ | For note see next page. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SBIR ICID) 185 VAC ISE 1B) ), IGE S Eyes INO) NS Nye Q11
(Nos. 75 and 76.) Central Maine.— Continued.

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Kind of Tin.e of the

RELATIVE PREVALENCE oF WINDS FROM THE | Monsoon
|
|
|
observations. year. |

Direction.

W. or be-
to sum of winds.

variable,

|
Spring 4 187| 599| 115|N. 55°19" W.|.1!
Summer 250] 592) 164|S. 72 17 W.).
Autumn 22: 0} 282 > 183) 66 S| Nhe Wb Wioil62
Winter j } 3: 218) 966) 125)N. 48 33 W.|
Tne Fe | ete ff) cea |] eco I) cee I ces Pata HH ced Hicno IP) cea . 69 24 W.| -2a4
Spring d |ywloy) 2d). Ne 30) 13) BS
Summer i 22) 14 By ace Sh (0) BY)
Autumn 27) 19) 40) ... : 38
Winter 24) 62 a r 34

MNS) SHER |) G03, |] ceo |] Be0 |! “ceo |] G01!) G0 | 300, || 560 |} cea LUNI 41
Spring 380| 96) 32 262) 202] 624] 115|N. 40 53
Summer }} 157 9) 18 536) 264) 6 54) 5. 51

| Autumn 233 2) 2 8) 373) 202) 70 37| N. 32
Winter 367 49) 325] 280/1011 5) N. 2

MEN FEB || ceo |) a0 |} ceo | oso] dao || G00 | Gosi'||' Gao ell cca . 67 46

Ratio of resultant

tween N. & E, |
tween 8S. & E
W. or be
tween 8. & We
tween N. & W.}

N

Ss.
Calm or

Rw
He or
con

. 88° E.

94 W..
88 W.|.
aa Wels

Surface
wind

.

observations at all the stations.

65 EE.

clouds.

Motion of

Am Amn cle

Load
°
i
i; 2
2)
Te
5
A
©
e=)
s
i-3)
D
Lot
i=3)
tot)
<q
<S
~

Two
preceding
combined.

a pre

k= Note to Monson on preceding page.
! From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Spring. i . | Winter, |The year. j

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 0 et : BP 5.0: 4.46
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the pombe move with the eerie
average velocity . d -6 2k 87
i True velocity in mean direction, giving to ‘the winds ‘from every
point of the compass each their own average Ye as
shown in the table above : . = z
§ Excess of the latter over the former . e

2 pumpated from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 77 to 81.) Maine, north of latitude 46°.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. Jeng tn of
ime.

Fort Fairfield, U. 8. ANNE Surgeons, 1842 and 1843.

Fort Kent, 1843 to 1845 inclusive. t
Houlton,! U.S. Army Surgeons and C. H. Fernald, 1829 to 1845 inclusive & 1869.
Patten, S. Eveleth, 1849 and 1850.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE _Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. | the year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

Is, or be-

variable.
Ratio of resultant

tween N. & U.

SE. or be-

S. W. or be-

N. W. or be-

tween N.& W.

Calm or
Number of day

ars
wh | tween S.& E.

N.

IS. 88°56! W.| .32|S. 54°W.| .06 | 215 |
. 73 36 W.| .35|S. 26 W.| .14| 184 j
1} Autumn | 50 81 19W.?| .21|N. 853 E.| 06) 91
oe Bote Winter | 132| 44 |. |N. 52 48 W.?| .29|N. 16 B. | .16| 149
The year? |... |... | --- | --- | =. | a+ |e | ae | se IN. 85 5 Wz). |... | 639

Spring 125)
77. [ Summer 111

|

Wt)
nse

oo
aS
9
o

1 Surface winds and motion of clouds combined in the year 1869. In all the other years the observations
were made at Hancock Barracks. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

DAly WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 77 to 81.) Maine, north of latitude 46°.— Continued.

| RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
| DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, Su influences. ,
: =s 5
| a Al |e E aS 3
Place of | Time of the | 22 32 BS 58) §| Directionof | 23] mS
observation. year. ne a A Ep | no resultant. SE Direction. =
a|ce a (MSF es = e [ys os se o 3
% |A3| = /43| BES] § FS Be Bo 2| 8
B \zi| a laz| 8 lel & lee |e” E 2) 8
(| Spring 12 23) 4) 13) 7 20) 28! 75, 83 |N. 52°13/ W.|.31 | N. 33° E. |.11
3 | | Summer 1} 1) #3) 2 9 13) 4 19 5 |S. 78 17 W.?7/.383) 8. 205 W.|.20 31
78. Autumn 2) 15 yy © kat 3) 22) 24 39 40 |N. 72 26 W.? |.282]S. 60 E. |.04 91
Patten. | | winter o| 7 6] 5/ 10| 9} 12) 70 43 IN.57 5W.?|.39 |N.11 W.|.12 | 90
Aye ny,caniall recente ieee Peel fect |(Mecon| (ecco s|| caseleco NG (Ol SAL Wye eet | ccotcacos a. | 365
79 (| Spring 49 36) 36| 38) 133) 180) 145) 120 ... S. 64 34 W.|.403| N. 64} E. |.17 | 184
ine | Summer 11! 14) 8] 15) 118) 313) 148) 109, ... |S. 58 55 W./.66 |S. 25 W.}.10 | 184
por Autumn 14, 0] 2] 12] 28] 158} 82) 68, ... |S. 69 35W.21.68 | N. 84° W.|.11 | 91
Fairfield. | Winter 25| 21/ 8] 20] 100] 187| 140| 95| ... |S. Gd 16 W.|.56 |N. 48 E. |.02 | 152
January 159] 122) 55) 79] 96 2) 84) 184
February | 128) 115) 58} 52) 102) 45) 90) 167
March 130] 124) 79) 106] 92) 59) 85) 153)
April 125] 110) 58} 96] 167) 69 73) 106)
May 118} 81] 93) 135) 189) 74) 61) 82)
| June 66] §0) 720) 119} 195) 103) 84) 82)
| July 59} 70) 61} 122) 236) 120) 86) 77

80 August | 110] 94) 48] 92] 251) 90) 91| 59
ar 4 |September| 101) 76} 35) 80} 139) 73) 64, 112
October | 123) 98 43) 93) 139) 52) 56) 103

November| 141} 81] 53) 84] 73] 30) 67

December | 150) 125} 51) 59) 99) 47| 67) 119) ...
Spring 373] 315| 230/ 337| 448) 202) 219/ 341) ... |N. 84 59 E. |.033/S. 5 W.|.023
Summer | 235) 244) 839] 333) 682) 313) 261| 218... |S. 46 9 E. |.27 |S. 36 E, |.27
Autumn | 365| 255) 131] 257| 351) 155| 187| 370| ... |N. 21 36 W.|.083| N. 533 W.}.083
Winter | 437/ 362| 164| 190) 297| 134) 241| 470] ... |N. 12 50 W.|.223] N. 243 W.|.21
MOR pa ete |) cee il sceo || cea] com || coe | ioc | ceo | coo ff co. |e til SS Th ND
(| Spring 559 408) 303] 430 743] 475, 590) 653) 83 |S. 81 29 W.|.12 |S. 3 E. |.01
of Summer | 358 305) 879} 423 1042| 754 688) 514) 5 |S. 11 31 W.|.19 |S. 25 E, |.19
| Agcravate, 1 | Autumn | 431) 307) 145] 302) 450) 360) 370) 528) 40 |N. 76 15 W.|.15 | N. 31 W.|.05
gerega =) Winter | 594) 434) 212] 254) 477) 378) 516) 736] 43 |N. 50 41 W.|.213|N. 19 W.|.15
AUN Te lecwo: || scoreless |[ecee. |lhock | eS eal eee |S Shu AS Inve |e em ee

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 82 to 85.) New Brunswick and Northern Nova Scotia.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. Nene of Date and remarks.
yrs. mos.
# Albion Mines, Nova Scotia, | Henry Poole, 11 5 1843 to 1855 inclusive.
St. John’s, New Brunswick,| G. Murdock, 6 1 1863 to 1869 inclusive.
Wolfville, Nova Scotia, C. F. Hartt and others,!| 11 6 September, 1855, to December, 1869, inclu-

sive, at Acadia College.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFrFeRENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, $a influences,
ao
4 cil as 2 ee
Kind of Time of oa Oe) | | 223 S23 3 | Direction of | 23
observations. the year. oe ran | ae by ea resultant. w_ Direction.
slo i) easily oa os) K
a Pie 6 Weel idl AGEN 2S | serch lf es ga | 8
(Sed ee ey eile end pete ze | 5
4 |22| @ |wis| o |we| & eels 8 ei
Spring 193] 298, 64| 140) 116] 476) 62) 306 N. 74° 9/W.)|.15 | S. 824°H. |.12
Sod | Summer 116} 131) 35] 90 170) 866) 56) 192 S. 50 43 W.).48 8. 164 W.|.38
= 8 4 | Autumn 256] 220) 47) 91) 71) 498) 106| 349 N. 68 “42 W.}.29 'N. 4 W.|.05
: Be | | Winter 310] 267) 33] 74} 50) 218) 163] 594 N. 34 57 W.//47 | N. 2 W./.33
a UU lisehyear2y|| Ter. || sewer 1\\aene|mresea |imerenaal (eset areca | meee N. 77 45 W.|.27
3 5 [ Spring 2) °26)" 75|/ 16 eelli eee teed a0 N. 29 27 W.|.16 |S. 653 E. |.26
2 e Z Summer 4, 10) 2 0 0} 12) 4) 2) N. 46 20 W.|.48 | N. 224 W.).09
& Be {| Autumn 7 8) 4 4) 2) 12) 4) 92 N. 44 23 W.|.36 | N. 784 E. |.06
& 33 | Winter 2} 6 of of | 12) 10] 24 N. 66 15 W.|.62 | N. 89 W.|.26
x S) HDS eae il! sas, |l\dcsal||, “ceseallbectun|lenetsoea hice aaeeeal lee N. 51 52 W.).40
oo) bog Spring 195) 324) 69) 146) 118) 499) 66) 326 N. 68 56 W.|.13_| 8S. 82 E. |.14
a= 2 Summer 120) 141) 37; 90) 170) 878} 60} 213 S. 52 30 W.|.463) S. 17 W.}.36
z 25 Autumn | 263) 228) 51) 95) 72) 510) 110) 371 N. 67 37 W.|.29 | N. 8 W.|.04%
oq [ Winter 312) 273) 33) 74) 51) 230) 173] 618 N. 36 10 W.|.473| N. 4 W.).32
aS Tie ayOare slits s: |\sessi1| cxseudl|tcesrll| cece tcl neem (ieee | eee N.76 7 W.}.27 |

' Profs. D. F. Higgins and ‘A. P. S. Stuart.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N.

(Nos. 82 to 85. 2) Bleve inal oiels eae OREN GLa NG ova 1 EE — Osiaitncseet

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Kind of Time of the

Direction of
observations. year,

resultant.

to sum of winds.

variable.

tween N.& W.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year*
Spring
Summer
Autumn i
Winter 13.60
| Spring 136
Summer 46

q
Surface | Autumn | 114
|
|
|
1
{
|

N. W. or be-

“i
|
|
.

. 13° 48) W.) .
62 55
89 36
76 14
86 59
77 51
52 57
83 2
89 49
83 48

No. of
observa-
tions.

BD HB So oo
Sere

bo Go IB © bo bo
oP

No. of
miles.

eee

Mean
velocity
in miles
per hour.

83. Wolfville,! 1855, 56 & 757.

wind. Winter 83
The yeart | ...
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year*
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart
Spring |
Winter y 19
Spring 3 | 63 24
Winter 296 j 92)

Motion of
clouds.

Two pre-
ceding
com-
bined.

No. of
obs.
No. of

miles.
Mean

mm

84. Wolfville, 1855 to 1869.

APAAZAANR DARA RAIA ne

vel. in
| miles

le h’r.

(| Spring 189 | 34 32
Aggregate Summer B 3 | 207 | 46 | 4: 28
for entire Autumn j 168 8 |: 9

period. Winter i 172 | 55 55
The year! ... G06 : act 200 eon poo

Spring : A dl 7.87) 6. d 6.00,
Winter 00/6. .25 |15.58)10. .05|10. 22)

I

Ist oe mos. of 1854.

85. Albion Mines.?
Surface winds.

Direction.

. B6L°R,
iO Wels
SOM Walls

. 441 E,
S. 354 E.

ee Pe Blea

A

213

Monsoon
influences.

80 W.! .
77 Wz.) .

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Summer. | Autumn,

| Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour. 0 Lb 9.65 9.39
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds fr om every

| point of the compass move with the foregoing average velocity . 0 c 2.52
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the seyeral
points of the poeeess each their own average pore: as given in this

table. 2 0 9 O 0 OL 2.91 sok 6.61
Excess of the eter over the former, 7 5 0 5 a a c ‘ +.39 ‘ +1.00

2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results in respect to the velocity of the whee —

Spring.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . c 9.02
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds from every ‘point of the compass ‘
move with the foregoing average velocity . 0 . 1.06

} True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several points of the compass each
their own average velocity, as shown in the table above . 5 0 5 0 5 : 3.32
Excess of the latter over the former. ‘ . : 5 : C : f : 6 . | +2.26

3 Including also the motion of the clouds during the first three months of 1554.
4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

214 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 86 and 87.) St. John’s, Newfoundland.
Observed for an aggregate period of nine years and ten months, as follows, viz. :—
By John Templeman, during the years 1840 to 1843 inclusive.
By John Delany, Jr., and E. M. J. Delany, for an aggregate period of five years and seven
months, in the years 1856 to 1859, and 1861 to 1864, both inclusive.
By Rev. R. C. Coswell, during the months of November and December, 1868, and February, 1869.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE 2G Monsoon
CoMPASSs. Bro influences. 4
eA a
ad >
a sc
. . ws om
Time of the ‘ is "7 g| Direction of ue ° é ry
year. _|a a] ai rar eeeleS = e . = és resultant. SE Direction. : s

ale : é 6 iss Al) eS as on 3
E/2|SleleialalalSia}e|4| $]%| & |e lee ze ae:

4 = °

Z2/2/4/8/Alalalajala|l vale] E/E] 2 le! oF i a |.

Surface wind.

1840 33) 46] 60} 2) 18) 11) 54) 11) 59 21| 132} 29| 94| 22} 40] 6] 30S. 62° 6/ W.
1841 45| 38} 84) 9) 28) 2) 84) 23] 41/ 31) §9| 31) 72) 33) 54) 19) 46S. 78 26 W. 365 3
1842 28) 31) 40) 8] 8} 0} 25) 12) 22) 34 78) 32) 72) 19/ 32) 15) 27/8. 82 38 W. :
1843 24) 43] 53} 4) 13) 3) 34) 12) 18) 22) 101) 20) 56) 14) 19) 10) 42)8. 74 27 W.

1840-3 |529/600/841) 84 255) 59 /711)/239/525 391/1433/421 1051 320) 566 224/496'S. TS) WAY ce

January | 56] 12) 68} 8) 16] 0} 44) 16) 52) 32) 104) 36) 140| 24) 84| 40) 8|N. 87 52 W.).

February | 40) 64) 60) 16) 8} 4) 36) 16] 56) 36) 32) 12) 68) 60} 120) 36] 20\N. 47 55 W.|.2

March 63] 87| 78] 12} 27} 3] 42] 12! 27| 15) 78] 45] 84) 36) 6a] 21] 42/N. 41 12 W.}.2:

April 20) 60} 56] 4) 20) 8) 48) 36] 48) 28) 140) 40) 80) 24) 52/ 8) 40/S. 59 0 W.).:

May 28) 96/124) 0) 36) 12/164) 20) 20; 12) 56| 24) 68) 4) 16) 20) 32/N. 84 82 E. |.2

June 39] 24) 63) 0} 12) 12) 87} 33) 36) 45) 123) 27) 99) 30) 27) 15) 57)S. 47 56 W.).2:

July 18) 9] 15) 6) 18} 0} 75) 15) 48) 66) 186| 63) 102) 21) 18) 3] 81\S. 43 23 W.|.

August 24) 24) 87) 0) 21) 0} 66) 6) 33) 30) 228) 39} 99) 6] 0] O| 78/S. 43 57 W.).<

September| 21} 48] 78} 6) 9} 0) 57) 9) 57| 39) 150) 27) 87) 51) 30) 9) 42)S. 63 30 W.).

October 72) 56) 84) 16) 24) 8| 36) 16) 56) 44) 160) 16) 76) 12) 32) 4 32/S. 68 9 W.).

November] 52) 72/128] 16! 40} 12) 8| 12) 44) 8] 44) 32} 100) 28) 76} 8/ 40)N.17 1 W.).

December | 96] 48) 0] 0| 24) 0) 48) 48 48) 36| 132) 60} 48) 24) 48) 60) 24)S. 78 58 W.).

gate for the entire period. Surface wind.

Spring | [857] .../131} ...]449] .../180) ...] 673) ...|°437| ...| 616] ...137)N. 44 20 W.|.12 | N. 65° E, |.12
Summer /153) .../418) ...) 96) ...|442) .../238) ...|1040) ...) 587) ...| 448) ...)271/S. 60 53 W.).29 |S. 19 W.|.19
Autumn 288) .../726) ...|111) ...|282) ...|247) ...! 708] ...| 476) ...| 584) ...|133/N. 61 38 W.|.16 | N. 52 E. |.06
Winter 392) .../463 mal 97| .../288] .../265] ...| 687] ...| 469) ...|1042) .../125)N. 64 44 W.|.31 | N. 44 W.|.13
Dhe)year! || <5-|!-cnl|| cns|| w= eee]\tere)|) oel||lfeae| eewel|!tece|! neae|} Toon]|h) ters)| Mtoee|| il ex r=el|(itexa]] NaN mV iet lta)

Motion of clouds.

Spring BY “cool CEH) coal] tif anal le) 25sec AUC) cose del ieee| laa ..|N. 42 53 W.|.433)] 5. 76 E. |.122
Summer 7A) corel] Alls) en|| (O}) Ul cool (0) cosh ZA ces|) BGI cool) 8H .|N. 73 18 W.].65 | N. 64 W.|.23
Autumn | 16) ...| 31 2 BP Sal) silos) Za eecol| = CANl oa) 2) |N. 54 15 W.).44 |S. 61 E. |.06
Winter 59| ...| 37 2 Al...) 16) ..51 23)) 5.3] (160) .22] 88] <2-)| cas N435 Ab Walt) Ne 22 een sleds
The year! | ...| ...| ... a coal | eco |< coalrnall conll call) cedl licen) vos ES TL Vive 5'D 4

Spring 298] ...|936) ...)139) ...|468] ...|205) ...| 720] ...| 510| ...) 764) ...]137|N. 43 13 W.].15 | N. 62 E. }.12
Summer /155) ...)433) ...| 96] .../449) ...]238] .../1067] ...| 646) ...| 509) .../271/S. 64 12 W.|.30 |S. 19 W.|}.20
Autumn 304) .../757) .../113) ...]287) ...)255) ...] 729] ...| 517) ...| 629] .../133)N. 63 36 W.|.19 | N.51 E. |.05
Winter 451) .../500) ...| 99) ...|292) .../281| ...] 710} ...| 529 .../1130] ...|125|N. 62 20 W.|.82 | N 38 W.|.12
Phexyear ||| ..2|| .cr.|l ao=}|\preenl i rser|fews| lier recsl|fireme'l| ost vee |areeeh (mae tee linemen mere ees NN esa 21

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 88 to 95.) Atlantic Ocean.’

Computed from observations, for an aggregate period of over seven years, collected and classified,
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

(Nos.

Time of
the year.

SERIES B.
88 to 95.)

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT

ZAOIN 1 Oo WAYS 415 ©

Atlantic Ocean.— Continued.

POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

fc

variable.

Calm or

TO 50°

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

215

Number of days,

Spring
} Summer
} Autumn
Winter
The year!

4

|S. 45

5. 49

» 94°37! W.!.<
W.|.<
W..
W.|.

29
46
46
40

. 45
- 51

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

The year!

90. Longitude 30° to 35° W.

} Spring
Summer

# Autumn

! Winter

| The year!

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

8
13
15

7

11

8
16
14

16] 14
9} 12
4) 8
4) 4

91.

36
16
10

5

Longitude 25° to 30° W.

2

1

8
9
4
2

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

92. Longitude 20° to 25

21

7
14
10

11

9
10
11

9 15

5| 12
9) 10

| 11

19
10
12
4

5° to 20

Spring
Summer
! Autumn
Winter
| The year!

11
6
7
9

Spring
Summer

f Autumn
Winter
The year!

20
52
19
19

27
s) 19

18
18

37
41
19
21

23
36
24
13

18
56
26
21

65
35
17

a

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

216 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 88 to 95.) Atlantic Ocean.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS ]
influences.

OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Time of resultant.

the year.

Direction.

Calm or

variable,
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,
Number of days.

~

95. Longitude 0° to 65° W.

January | 1 7| 11] 16| 24| 21) 26| | 46| 32| 20| 18/s. 60°25’ w.| .
February | 23 19) 18] 20| 27, 20] 33) 46] 64) 53) 63 49) 54) 33| 33) 20S. 52 59 W.|.
March | 13) 22) 27] 40/ 28] 24) 18] 18] 29] 50] 59) 62 48) 54] 52 8S. 78 59 W.|.
April | 43] 27] 15] 24] 26) 37) 21] 37| 29) 58] 40) 6 48) 48 35.5. 86 42 W.| .18
May 7, 41) 46) 36 53) 28) 48) 47 73, 92 52] 59) 42 368. 59 28 W.).
June 4) 22) 27| 42] 45) 30) 13] 55) 87/123/136)/135 136/105) 74 55'S. 63 36 W.|.
July | 22 28| 40] 23] 27| 13| 56] 29) 67| 67/126 81/100) 50' 39, 37S. 78 32 W.).
August j 15°40] 27| 23) 2: 40| 85| 99134 76] 86] 57 74) 41S. 81 45 W.|.
September] 24) 21) 32} 29| 27 4) 53] 61] 39) 50 54) 71| 39 47| 20S. 65 31 W.|.
October | 45 35 17| 26) 36) 24 3| 39) 55| 44) 64 70) 84] 67 69| 19 N. 82 13 W.
November | 3 10} 9} 10, 10, 6] 18) 23, 25) 51) 60 69} 62) 37 15N. 89 8 W.|.
December | 10 17 10) 13) 5 7 35| 50| 34) 47 48] 56| 28 23] 7S. 72 52
The year 313 328 237|341/311 313 225 433/493 773/743 954 787)825 559 540 311 8. 74 19

(Nos? 96 and 97.) Channel Islands, Great Britain.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—
Guernsey, during the years 1867 and 1868.
Millbrook, by P. Langlois, for an aggregate period of 47 months in the years 1864 to 1868 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

& E.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant,

observation. the year.

or be-

tween N. & W.

Direction.

to sum of winds.

. E. or be-
variable,

N. W.

7
tween N.

S. W. or be

tween 8S. & W.
Calm or

Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

; The year |193 Ob Wisne
OO AEs
84 12 W.).
25 54 W.|.
26 52 W.|.
39 58 W.|.

7A

RA Ah th

Summer 18
Autumn 8
Winter 20
The year!

97.
Millbrook.

\
j
(| Spring *| 18
|
J
i
|
|

‘*NNWWwD :
> ooo :

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 98 to 165.) Middle France.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Ahun, by Midre and Aristide Chariére, during the years 1842 to 1865 inclusive.

Angers, by Meniere, during the years 1852, 1853, 1854; and from 1780 to 1790 inclusive, name
of observer not preserved.

Arbresle, by Romand, during the years 1860 to 1865 inclusive.

Beaujeu, by Chinard, during the years 1860 to 1865 inclusive.

Besancon, by Jannot, during the years 1863 to 1865 inclusive.

Blois, by Blondin, during the years 1859 to 1861 inclusive.

Bourbonne, by Poutot, during the year 1863.

Bourg, by Sarrin, during the years 1853, 1854, and 1863 to 1865 inclusive.

Brest, by Belleville, during the year 1859.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. QT

(Nos. 98 to 165.) Middle France.— Continued.
Cercie, by Berthier, during the years 1860 to 1865 inclusive.
Chalons, by Thevenin, during the year 1864.
Cherbourg, by during one year; date not preserved.
Clermont Ferrand, by Lecoq, during the years 1850, 1851 and 1813.
Clermont Oise, by Dr Rottec, during the years 1853 to 1860 inclusive.
Courgon, by Vincent, during the years 1851 and 1852.
Cublize, by Forneaux, during the years 1860 to 1865 inclusive.
Denainvilliers, during the years 1748 to 1778 inclusive.
Dijon, by Perrey, during the years 1845 to 1853 inclusive, and 1859.
Dole, by Domin, during the years 1863, 1864 and 1865
Doulevant, by Pissof, during the year 1859.
Duerne, by Gorges, during the years 1860 to 1865 inclusive.
Du Puy, by de Doue, during the years 1849 to 1853 inclusive.
Fecamp, by Marchand, during the years 1853 to 1859.
Fort-de-Joux, by Bassand, during the years 1863, 1864 and 1865.
Givors, by Laroche and others, during the years 1860 to 1865
Goersdoff, by VAbbe Muller, during the years 1849 to 1855 inclusive, and 1859.
Gray, by Fourton, during the years 1863, 1864 and 1865.
Ichtratzheim, by Abbe Muller, during the years 1860, 1862 and 1863.
La Chapelle, by Racine and Nell de Breante, during the year 1847.
La Fleche, by de Sainthillier, during the year 1852.
La Saulsaie, by F. Pourain, during the years 1850 to 1857 inclusive.
Lons-le-Saulnier, by Bauquerre, during the years 1863, 1864 and 1865.
Lyons, by Drian, during the years 18638 to 1865 inclusive.
Metz, by Schuster, during the year 1847.
Monsol, by Forest, during six months in the year 1865.
Montbeliard, by Queney, curing the years 1863, 1864 and 1865.
Montmorenci, during the years 1768 to 1782 inclusive.
Nancy, during the years 1775 to 1780 inclusive.
Nantes, by F. Huette, during the years 1854 to 1860 inclusive.
Nemours, by Dr. Goupil, during the year 1852.
Paris, at the Observatory, during the years 1806 to 1845 inclusive.
Rouen, by Preisser, during the years 1845, 1846, 1848, 1849, 1853, 1854, 1856 and 1857.
Rousses, by Simon, during the years 1862 to 1865 inclusive.
St. Foy, by Broalier, during the years 1860 to 1865 inclusive.
St. Laurent d’ Oingt, by Chabert, during the years 1860 to 1865 inclusive.
St. Lo, by Lamarck, during the years 1844, 1845 and 1846.
St. Nizier, by Chassagne, during the years 1860 to 1865.
St. Rambert, by Sauvanau, during the years 1838 to 1843 inclusive.
Strassburg, during a period of twenty years; date not preserved.
Syam, by Thorel, during the years 1845 to 1849 inclusive.
Tarare, by Desroches, during the years 1860 to 1866 inclusive.
Valognes, by Benoist, during the year 1847.
Vendome, by Renou, during the years 1859, 1862 and 1863.
Verdun, by Dubois, during the year 1865.
Versailles, by Berigny, during the years 1847 to 1855 inclusive, 1857, 1858, 1862 to 1865 inclu-

sive, and 1867.

Vesoul, by Mellasseau, during the years 1863, 1864 and 1865.

28 ~ December, 1874.

(Nos. 98 to 112.)

218

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Middle France.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a3 . Monsoon
£5 influences,
es
oN

Place of Time of the A 5 3 5 ES . & i i 2 =
observation. year. 4 A ] A _ | a g | a je £ ed a 2 ie = 52 Re Be Direction.

Sac ish eee ee eile Tach) a eke Bo 23

4 a Zz [<a] | [<3] w w na ua stat esd |= Nise Peel Py IIS 5

) } ] |
“Spring ig! a laa) ol a | co} al) oolegae ee aol taller eel relies say. 39° 47/W.?.20 | N.
|Summer | 3| 2/14] 0| 3] 0| 0] of} 5| 9] 13] 2 8| 1) 6| 7 19/N. 81 20°W.2|.182| WN.
Roe | Autumn 4 2 4 0; 9 2 4 1 3 6 | 24) 2 9} O| 3) 4 148. 44 38 W.?/.25 |S.
| Winter 2/2] 4| 3/ 7] o| 8]/ 1| 2] 2| 22] 4| 10] 3| 10] 3] 78. 68 5.9.26 |
|The year | 21| 7|41/ 3/20} 2/13| 2|13| 22] 78] 8| 31] 5| 27] 18) 54S. 88 2 w.l.ise| «.
(|Spring | 84|... | 68 |... [148]... | 201. | 81| .. | 53] ...| 144l ...| 40! ...) ON. 4 54 &, (03; oye gon
Gominer G54) ee |e aleeealige 31 75 | .. | 47] ..| 193 a ) olN. 76 GO W.la7 | N
Ce Mebamin, | 750 ee) sebaliee tia 26 105 | ;.. | 48] ...| 130] ...| 28] ...| 08. 60 45 E. |.05 |S.
Winters: [SB2ie. eSaee Gy 30 102 | ... | 57| ...| loa] -..| 39] ...| o'S. 65 55 E. |.oet|'s
The year |334 | ... [235 | ... [533 116 | <.. [363 | <.. J205] <..| 568] ...[148] ...| OlN. 67 50 W.|.o1d|
Spring By lero |) ale eas 1 ee! By cso Ih | cee || LGN) con] = UB) 29] ...) ON. 64 13 W.|.36 oo
100. Summer | 2]... | 23]... | 1 TW eet oe eee, || Baa el) at 94] ...| O|N. 66 54 W.|.33 | ..
Cherbourg. | Autuma | 32]... | 24). | 2 1|.. | 94 2. | te) 2.) 6] ...1 98) So) oun. 29 5a welson
Winter De) eae) STA WGP cco || SI ek, SO 5| ...| 15] ...| 0S. 27 39 W.1.30
The year | 18 |... | 70 |... | 14| ... | 21 | .. | 27 | .. | 90| ..| 34) ...| 91] ...] o'N. 72 31 w.l.24 | a
(|Spring | 12|..] 9]. (10)... | 31. | 81 .. | 15] ..| 24) | a) | ON 1b Weleeue
101. Summer Bo |tees. ||) La seen || den eee (OD oer, Dl see HD Sas) DA e222 sen! OWN. on Sb iWe a7 ;
Valognes. Autumn tPA cen Dial) ee Bile. Oneees Qe ee Web ee cllt ASE tose lien lree os. 84 1 W.|.50 =
Winter | 14)... | 5 |...) 121... | 2722) ae) oe |e) Cl Tale agit.) losiaty4) a yee
The year | 46 |... | 30| ... | 51 |... | 5 | .. 133] 2 | Gol ..| 95] ..| 45] ..| ON. 77 53 W.|.262| ©
(|Spring | 12/17|/38| 6/10] 3] 2| 3] 3] 11] 6| 9] 15] 12} 4| 12] 4g'N. 4 38 B |238| 2
sie. Summer | 21/10/13] 3/ 4| 4] 5] 7] 7| 8| 5| 20) 29] 16] 17] 14] G1N.55 7 W.|.254|
Saint fo. {| Autumn | 5] 7/14/15 /10| 6| 4] 5| 5 | 18] 14] 10! 15] 4/10) 8| 478. 76 6 W.|.04$]
Winter 8/19| 6/13/10/11] 8| 5] 8| 4/12] 8} 9] 8] v7 15] 44N. 20 41 &. |.0| 4
The year |130 [106 [197 | 98 | 96 | 39 | 59 | 62 | 97 |101 |165/141| 211| 98/110/108|200 N. 57 38 W.|.14
Spring | 28|..|68/..| 7|.. | 7] ..| 26 |... | 16] :.| 21! ...) 21) ..| ON, 7 56 E. |e
103. Summer AB) || eeee || 249)| ec CMS Dll AQT wee NeBZ||Seucil| “BSlevcccilh BF] sul) OUN. GOTO Wine ; —-
Courgon. Autumn Saleen Oo ees || eee AN cee) Atel cece | LG ses) WG)! seafziail) een OWN g3G)s some eee
Winter | 27 |... | 26 | | 4) .. [14 | we | 47]. | a8] .) 34) 2) 90!) IM oS. ye crge wiles
The year [135 |... (147 |... | 16]... | 27 |... j147 |... | 72] ...| 109] ...| 85] ...| ON. 44 38 W.|.16
aide Spring | 27 | 12) 36/10] 48/16/18] 3| 7| 2| 15] 14) 35] 12] 15] 6| ON. 38 42. 119 |N. 6b 29
Anger, Summer | 24/ 8/16] 6|15| 8| 9| 3]|13] 3 29| 40/ vo] 8] 21) 3) o|N. 88 58 W.|.27 |S. 85 Wels
figsaigg3 )| Autumn | 15) 8 | 27) 6| 82/12! 20/12] 16] 8 | 23] 19| 49] 11) 14) 1] ols. 43 3 W./.09 |S, 41
and igsa. || Winter |17| 9) 13] 6 | 27/14/|12| 10/15 | 3 | 16] 19) 75] 25| 20/ 5] o|N. 85 32 W.l26 |S, 86 Wel
a The year | 83 | 37 | 92 | 28 |122 | 50 | 59 | 28 | 51 | 16 | 83] 92] 199] 56] 70| 15] O|N. 76 28 W.|.12k| ssa
jAngers, } The year |868 | 89 |267 | 27 |188 | 35 |209 | 79 \860 |104 |430| 58| 421| 77/200] 44 ae 75 42 W.|11,| sone
Spring | 25 | 13 | 41 | 19 |155 | 8 | 42 | 8 | 44| 13 | 46] 8] 139] 22] 53| 15) O|N. 10 37 E. |.00
nate Summer | 23/17 | 36! 16 | 87/°4|15| 7| 37 | 13 | 30] 7| 203] 42] 91/ 16] o|N. 69 9 W.|.32
Fecamp. \| Autumn | 21 | 4 | 33 | 6 |152| 10) 54/16 | 84 | 15 | 66] 5] 105] 6] 57/ 7] OS. 13 44 B, |.18
Winter | 16 | 7/| 21 | 11 [133 | 15 | 60 | 13 | 81 | 40 | 65/11) 98] 7| 47| 17| OS. 2 40 & |.21
The year | 85 | 41 |131 | 52 /527 | 37 /171 | 44 |246 | 81 |207 31| 544| 77\248| 55| OlS. 44 45 W.|.09
(| Spring Oe eeeal Eee tee all Sea) ce fae alle oe 3 ols. 75 OW.?|.238
107. Sommer |15|.../13]..| 4]... | 2 hileesellice 17| ...| 12] ...| 1/N. 38. 13'W.?|.364
ia Cha | Automm | 4|\2. |. 6 | | 8 | lad 5 |... | 19 13, -..| 3] | 38. 60 39.W.7).29"
pelle. Winter | 6dljvcdl al saints Tae elle 13| ...| 4| ...| als. 14 23 E723
The year | 34]... | 33 |... | 38]... | 15 |. | 38| . | 49} -..| 69] ..| 22] | sis. 77 38 W.|16
(| Spring | 79 | 34] 88 | 6 | 57] 5 | 25 | 24| 37 | 41 | 91] 18] 101] 29] 87] 26 o|N. 56 2 W.|.193 2
fon Summer | 38 | 23/78 | 3/|49| 1| 8| 18 | 57 | 78 |118| 16] 122] 29] 39] 16| o|S. 68 18 W.|.29 .
Ronen. | Autumn | 41/16/71 | 4] 83] 4] 43 | 12 | 41 | 39 [147] 13] 110| 9] 70/ 11 OlS. 58 56 -W.|.16 ed.
Wiuter 104 | 19 | 88 | 19 | 40 | 0 | 12 | 19 | 20 | 31 | 77| 5] 165| 10] 76| 24) o|N. 49 9 Ww.|.323
|| The year /262 | 92 |325 | 32 |229 | 10 | $8 | 73 |155 |189 |433) 52) 498| 7ol272| 77| ON. 81 27 W.l-21 | sesso
faa Spring 113 | 47 /139 | 25 221 | 13 | 70 | 32 | 93 | 54 /150] 26 265 44/143] 41| O|N. 60 59 w.J.11 |N.35 B
Nos. 106, | {Summer | 76 | 40 {127 | 19 |140 | 5 | 25 | 95 | 97 | 91 |157] 23| 3421 71/142) 32] 1/N. 86 34 W-|.28 | N. 764 W.
ea Autumn 66 | 20 |110 | 10 [243 | 14 | 98 | 28 |130 | 54 |239| 18) 228] 15/130 18| 3/8. 33 20 W.|.143|S. 31 E
combined. || Winter [126 | 26 |113 | 30 [190 | 15 | 81 | 32 |119 | 71 [150] 16| 276] 17\127| 41| 4/S. 85 17 W.[12 | N. 763 E
ie | 50) 16| 12 : 4 . 763 E.
1e year |381 |133 |489 | 84 794 | 47 |274 /117 |439 |270 [689 83/1111/147|542132| g\S. 84 0 W.|.14
vio. {| Spring | 27/17] 63] 6 | 24] 3] 8| 3] 16/11 | 40] 9| 52| 19| 44! 19] 48|N. 35 40 W.|.214|N. 12 &
Nos. 100, || Summer | 31} 10] 50| 3 | 25] 4] 6] 7/13] 8 | 42] 20] 47/ 16] 63] 14| 61\N. 50 10 W.|.26 | N. 35 We
101 & 102 4| Autumn | 29] 7/40/15 |19| 6| 5 | 5 | 23|18| 45] 10| 63] 4| 35| 8| 47iN. 77 9 W.|.183| 8. 403 W.
partes | Winter | 2) 19 | 18 | 13 | 30/11 | 26) 5 | 31] 4) 60 8 28| 8| 39, 15| 448. 66 59 W.|.06i|S. 35 E.
The year /110 | 53 [171 | 37 | 99 | 24 | 45 | 20 | 83 | 41 |187| 47| 190| 40174 49/200|N. 56 44 W.|.17
{| Spring 4) 7) 17) 21) 39|}11) 6| 2) 8] 7) 25] 11) 61) 24) 24) 98) O|N. 69. 6 W.!.173
iat, Summer | 14/ 3 | 23/ 9|32| 7/11] 1|/11]| 3 | 14] 18} 63) 23| 27/ 10| O\N. 63 8 W.126 | wcson
Vendome. }|4utumn | 6] 7/13) 6| 43] 17/11| 5 | 18] 15 | 30| 16, 47| 23/11) 4) olS. 44 41 W.l.173
Winter 6| 4/13 ]16 | 49/11] 7| 2| 8 | 12 | 35] 25) 57| 17| 11| 7 olS. 67 35 W.|.42 |...
The year | 30 | 21 | 66 | 52 |163 | 46 | 35 | 10 | 45 | 37 |104| 70| 228) 87| 73| 29| OlS. 88 57 W.l.17 | ..
Spring | 41/17] 13|10|32| 2| 2| 5|19| 19] 41! 13] 42] 5/12/ 10] oIN. 66 al :
Sahin 27 5 5 a . 4 “ “| N. 66 25 W.).17 a
112. r 12/ 2/26/ 3] 8| 1/27] 19 | 41| 21) 55] 9|13/ 5] ol. 69 25 W.l.328
ted Autumn |19/ 7/10/11 |49| 9| 7| 3/47 | 23| 35! 7 40! 3] 3| 5! ols. 3 13 W221 2c.
Winter | 37] 5/20] 7/36| 4| 5| 4| 51 | 24/30 7 a3l 2 3. (ot |
The year [124 | 34 | 55 | 30 143 | 18 | 22 | 1: 78 “aol” Ce. 60 ee or laa
|| 13 44 | 78 |147| 48) 160] 19] 35) 29) 0|8. 50 36 W.].15$] ean

r ee for 1844 only.

1

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT.- 45° TO 50° N. 219

(Nos. 113 to 123.) Middle France.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT PoInTs OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Time of
the year.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.
Number of days.

W.S. W.
Calm or

SnGf 72 We, 552
39 48 W... 552 |
53 W. . 546
Wee 541
2 W.! . 2191
W. .175 | 2208
é 2208
2184 §
2165
8765
1472 }
1472
1456
1443 f
5843
1240
1130 §
1240
1200
1240
1200
1240
1240 §
1200 §
1240 §
1200 §
1240 j
3680 |
3680 §
3640 |
3610 |
14610
1380 |
1380 }
1365
1352
5477

Spring 45 | 2 ‘ 71 ‘ 27 ‘ 2 ; OH BB
Summer 41 ‘ 58 38 39) 40
Autumn 25 | 92 3 65 5 14
Winter 45, | c 85 1: 3 59 36 2 18
The year 154 | 2) 306 | 64 3 189 3} 108
Spring 300.37)... .../151.99| ...] 78.57] ....192.00| ... | 363.52) 2.7 |233.53
Summer (280.93) ... ---|103.06] ... , coo NOCH “coe O50 1): we (ol 4.o2
Autumn 180.20) ... --- (190.85) -../118.87) ... 281.97) ... co0 .21| ... 1156.41
Winter (207.51) ...| Soci PBIB) con oe ond BOOB)! Gon a --- (168.72
The year 969.01) ... -/676.03) .../3883. ---|883.74) ... --- {1307.10} ... |872.98
Spring 203 Z 275 0 151 412 154
Summer 284 |13: 1$3 | 130 3: 551 1)| 234
Autumn 225 347 0} 248 5 4) 356
Winter 162 | : 187 456
The year 934 |46 8 716
January iii |) Be | | 142
February 90 | 5 | 20) 2 | 4 166
March 120 2 3} 112
April 56 } } 132
May . Z 121
June 22 | 2: c 75
July 2 a 98
August E 11i
September f HA |) 2 152
October j > 2 )) | 186
November i Bi) IKer/
December 52 0 Be c 161
Spring 2 \14 y 365
Summer 2 j j f j 3 3] 285
Autumn i j 4) 505
Winter 3 j Z 3} 469 |
The year 352 |373| 1623 | 6 590 1136
Spring K ‘ | 0 11
Summer é ‘ 0) 14
Autumn Z @, ail
Winter 3 j 0 9
The year @ - 0} 45
Spring - 236) 84 437
Summer c Dé 410) 5) 590
Autumn 2) 3 288) 404
Winter 16 8 306, 392
The year ; 38 35) 32 1240, |1209 1823
Spring ) 14) 2 2
Summer 39)
Autumn 65
Winter 62)
The year 180

113. 111 &
112 comb’d.

114.
Abun.

115.
Versailles.

ceo oe on OOO SF OO EF OO OO Or ee SO er OS OS— OO > sa aS >See ee ee

ee
1S CAC =T

; ey ne : iE aa oe
PRNDARDD AAA ADIAANIM MANNA NAAT IAA IIA IAA AT Inia Ant

117. Mont-

118. 115-

92 |
92 |
91 |
gi |
366 |

119.
mont Ferrand. Nemours. 117comb’d.! morenci.

oooo

8
19
13]
14)
54

276 |
276 f
273
270

1095

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

120. Cler-

far
BMI TR Bee OR

Noi ger)

omwoan
PRNMIANINMIAIN MII INA wmininia

be
ive}
I

21
30
30
40
121
35
22
38
21
116
122
162
128
119
531

2852 §
2852
2821 §
2798 }

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter ne i wee
The year aS cn oi
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

villiers.

27 W.!.
52W.?| .

3 57 W.2|| «
25 W.2| .
9W.?).

33° W.2| .:
47 W.|.
50 W.| .2

2 W.| .1:

7 W.|.

9) 33 Wil.

Be
oOrINDNRWSORW

0
0
0

levaut.
> oren oe! oa DF bb

eae dob co

27 | 41
133 91
146 | 120

94 68
108 93
481 ee

os. 115-117 combined. Monsoon influences: Spring N. 424° E.,.13; Summer N. 583° W.,.14; Autumn 8. 234° E.,.09; Winter S.

e
coonwcwy

0

0
0
1
1
0

123. Cler- 122. Dou- 121. Denan-
SSSSOSSSOSOSCGHWO NR

HoosoroocsoSe
BeEPprPOoOSSooOoOS: :
THEE PNWOoOHrHEOS:

2

bo

1

| mont Oise.

(Nos. 124 to 134.)

220

WINDS OF THE

Middle France.— Continued.

GLOBE.

°
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. : jMonsean,
3 ;

34
. aa
Place of Time of the | | | . |.) Direction of | ®'5

observation. year. | Ba a] 3 Eagle iE E e B \c'=| resultant. os Direction.
eee (use| eel a dlal|Slal/el2|] #|4| © |e lee ae
Pele lel | 2 | | ela [eo eda le Medeemledle gs

| |
ee } m6 year | 188) 88} 56 60| 144) 12) 72 64124 76 92/100] 224] G8) 44 48, O|N. 83° 19’ W.| .124
. | 4

Spring 12|2c |) 40} 25) 0 Oo} . | 0 24 12 el s\N. 4 40 W.| .29
“on [ Summer Shite || 56| cee lee 0 O| ..| 4 32 32| ...| O|N. 78 54 W.| .32
Nene Autumn Ole || een es Aa Sl: | 20 44 16| ...| slS. 44 19 W.| .33
> || Winter ‘esllecabes | al ss | 2 0 4 44 g4| ...| 4/N. 85 18 W.| .17
L| The year | 20]... | 148] .. | 16)... | 0} ...| 0} ..| 28] 2..| 140] | 72 “| 20|N. 79 38 W.| .15
oh Spring 131; 3/130; 1/ 51] of 33| ooo] 1/122) 2 157| 2] 103] 2 8iN. 59 48 W.|.21
Oe (| Summer 94 alll ie 0} 33 1] 34) 1] 84) 8/166] 16] 178] 2] 152) 1| OIN. 86 37 W. 363
Nos. 123. J | ‘Autumn | 75| ~2|110| | 65, 1| 65 2/144] 1/148! 2/ 138! 0| 84| 1) 8/8. 53 20 W.|.17
124% 125 || winter | 92] 3) 92] 0/ 40, 0) 78] 1/126] 16/123) 0) 152} 1) 117/ 1 48. 76 19 W.| .203
combined. || The year | 580| 97| 465] 61| 333| 14] 282) 68578|102/651/120| 845| 73| 488 53 20S. 89 9 W.| .174
Spring 166| 110| 50/ 3| 8] 2 35] 38/ 93| 36110) 35] 147) 90 168/105. O|N. 53 36 W.| .39
2. ||Sammer | 117) 73; 22) 1) 5| 2 19) 13) 43] 100/126 124) 204126) 151118] 0\N. 75 32 W.| .53
€a \utumn 223) 110) 54) 15 6} 10} 25] 24) 97) 38/112) 87/ 129/103) 160 92, ON. 50 9 W. 384
| BE || Winter | 228) 123) 54 8/ 4) 2) 17) 22) 54) 27 50 48) 115) 93) 267110 0\N. 36 33 W.| .55
F || ‘The year | 734] 416] 180; 27| 23) 16) 96] 97,287 a 398/294) 595/412) 746.425) ON. 55 29 W| .45
a 3 {| Spring 76| 54| 262} 8] 7 6] 207] 36] 79 76| 19] 97| 55| 289) 56) ON. 14 41 w.| .19
& | gg || Summer | 220 184 115, 8/ 15) 9) 94] 36/116 22 57| 21} 155] 40| 177/102 O|N. 8 19 W.| .31
21 3% {| auton | 146) 189] 95) 10) 7] 13] 107) 42,161) 20) 76 28) 145) 28) 186) 83) OIN. 33 23 W.] .22
Sire | eines 76 38| 147; 5] 9] 13] 132] 53/152] 25/104) 29) 98) 69) 295| 62; ON. 67 27 W.| .20g
E 3 (|The year | 518) 465] 619] 31] 38, 41| 540|167508) 83/313, 97| 496192] 947303) ON. 30 1 W.| .24
a] os (| Spring 249] 164] 312] 11) 15) 8] 242) 74\172 152/186 54| 2441145) 457161) ON. 40 15 W.| .27
3 Summer | 337| 257| 137/ 9| 20! 11) 113] 491159|122/183/145| 359'166| 328/220' o!N. 36 13 W.! .39
tp Autumn | 369] 299] 149] 25] 13] 23] 132) 66/258] 58|188 - 275|131| 346)175) O\N. 45 25 W.| .31
E ll Winter | 304/ 161] 201] 13] 13 15] 149] 75.206 52154 213/162) 562/172) ON. 45 11 W.| .36
= The year ne 881 ae 58 él 57 = 264/795 eau 391 1091 604/1693/728] ON. 48 27 W. .33
| Spring 0 i SenLG: Z | f 98] ...| O|N. 89 22 W.) .114
on Summer | 76| | 7 2i| ... | 26] .../155) ...| 82} 76 109| ...| O'S. 66 8 Wal .33.
Cais | Autumn | 87] -.- 5 5 36) ...|184) ...| 72 46, 94) ...] 0S. 51 24 W.! 31d
ercie ViWinter! || 162|\.2l| 6) 4 BT .../150| ...| 56| ...| 27 gi] ...| 08. 84 40 W.| 14
The year | 466) ... | 27] 51 149 ...|658| ...|247| ...] 193 282) .../ OS. 68-26 W.) -23
(| Spring Teac le 76 5Y BTN ee Pan! 14, 50 43| ...| OIN. 23 15 B, | .20
129 | | Suumer 158) ... 66) 39 20 .../121) ...) 21) 32 Gol. .| JONG 3) 4 bea
Ductne. {| Autumn | 108)... | 74 BAe Ne Se ee XEN) coef TIE) 15 44] ...| OS. 61 8 EB. |.14
® || Winter | 127] ... | 60 GY ake || SYA ce EH) 8] 24] 30|\e2.4|| 60llee|| ON: 55) Lamar ene
| The year | 587] ... | 275] ... | 250] ... | 93. ...|583 62| ...| 127] ...| 212) ...| ON. 38 26 E. | 14
(| Spring 99) ... FA) cease Ce Woean || yp ora REN re MUSH | Sail! PAO) “onl Sh BAL BEY ANY)
ga Summer |-J10! «. | 6|'... | Sil. | 0 .c-(105) 5..| 26tecs| (O6|/ ccc! PSihesl Ofes oanelalannel ids
pees ice eG ea TE tl| eee) Ut cal pa Zl All Bal al Gl |] Gs, © BE i, || Boe
rbresle. || Winter | 62). | 121 ..| 79] «| 4! coo] 82) «| 28) cc) BGl c:| dela) Oserae” Siemens
The year | 327| .. | 39 ... | 275] .. | 92] .../421 .../74] ...] g891 | 67] | 08. 14 26 w.| tog
Spring 153) 0| 32; 1) 27| 6| 30| 4{104| 2| 38] 1/ 25! i] 991 5! ON. 27 30 W.| .194
at ( Summer | 153; 0| 22; | 13] 2! 18, o| 60] 1| 74} 1| 49] 3) 120] 10] ON. 47 46 W.! .384
ee, Autumn | 119} 0} 33/ 0) 30/ 0| 33] 0106) 2) 48| o| 32] 1| 96] 9| ON 49 12 W.| 16°
eae Winter | 166) 1/ 24/ 0, 43] 1) 32] | 79! 1) 61/ 1) 20] 1] 60] 3] ON.16 47 W.| .172
The year | 591; 1] 141] 1) 123] 9/113, 4/349) 6/221) 3] 126] 6] 375] 27) ON. 34 28 W.| .228
Spring UP) can |) ll 5| ... | 60] ...{107| ...| 27] ...| 6] ...] 302] ...] ON. 40 11 W.| .55d
132. Summer | 191 2 eee eno BA) en 781 alot oxn| selziien (ted ON. 19 14 W.| .36
St. Laurent? | Autumn | 119 89) en) 6 92| ...| 88) 23). 0 169 ON. 15 40 W.| .184
d’Oingt. Winter | 111 33 23 87| «..| 70] «| 43) 1 173 ON. 25 50 W.| .194
The year | 583) 116 50 293) ...|343] ...|110| 19 783 ON. 27 47 W.| 129°
(| Spring 261 1 1 0} ...{228] ...] 23] 0 39 ON, 42 31 W.| .11
133 Summer | 271 5 2 1) .../193) 15 2 46 ON. 20 44 W.| .202
193. J | Autumn | 209 2 0 o| ...1257| ...| 32 0 44 0S. 53 57 W.|.12°
Boe Winter | 275 3 0 0} ...|203}-...| 36 2 21 ON. 32 19 W.| .14
|| The year |1016 11 3 1) ...|881] ...|105 4 150 ON. 44 50 W.| .113
Spring 158) 109 56 46) ...|120| 8 38 17 ON. 51 24. | 254
134 Summer | 204 60 46 38, 102) 11} 40 23 ON. 22 8 E. | .26
Sai ¥ Autumn 180) 63 83 34 158 6 20) . 2 ON. 72 31 E z4
aint Foy. || Winter | 175\ 100 92 36] ...! 78] ...| 16 19| ...| 23 ON. 43 53 E. | 38

The year | 717 332 277 154! .../458) ...| 41]... 117|*..| 65 ON. 46 52 E. | .27 a

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 921
(Nos. 135 to 145.) Middle France.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT PoInts ofr THE COMPASS. es tousoens 5
eo Du us}
Place and Time of a F ; 2 f = = Ss =| Direction of Sq ra)
kind of the year. a A ~ a _ Mel | ale se ell epee - 1% 15) resultant: 22 | Direction. a
observations. 5/2/88 )2|e)]4) ala) 3)a|e Gas |e ed Aig En) ¢| #
2\/2/4/A)/ a |a| a lal ala| o |F| EE) a leis o 3 |
\ Fe
|
" Spring 80} 3] 29] 1] 64) 0] 0} 0] 90) 4] 23) 2] 8] 3] 41) 16]...|N. 29° 57m. | 12 368
8; ||Summer | 100] 2) 30) 0} 80) 0| 1] 0) 64) % 26) 5 10) 3) 36) 3)....N. 31 41 E. | .193 368
& B Autumn Bray = AN x0) CO) 6} 1 Si} ti} BN BAA) AU PANE Alcea (BIL |) 1D |) GPA) | 364 |
26 || Winter 56] 1] 40| 0) 75] 0} 1! O| 58] 6] 33] 6) 15] 2) 45] 5)...|N. 38 58 B. | .18 361
a The year | 293/ 7] 129] 1| 310) 0| 8] 1| 251] 25] 116) 9! 40) 12) 151] 30)...|N. 40 36 BE. | .15 1461
a » {| Spring 79/3 7 0} 1) 0} a 3) 43) 6) 31i| 2) 30) 4) 37] 15),../N. 57 44 W.| .38 |
| ¢3 || Summer 71| I] 0} 0} | 0} 1) 0} 26) 10) 40] 10) 49) 6] 28] 9].../N. 73 41 W.|%483
A) 38 }| Autumn 57] il 4) 0] | 0} 2 Oo} 44) 8] 33] 5] 25] 8] 30] 12].../N. 77 57 W.| .38
~| 3° || Winter 6) Ui) 5 oO} 4) 0) 2) OO} 26) 7) Uy) 2] 15) 2) 277) 5)..IN. 46) 10 We) -37
® % (|The year | 268} 6) 16) 0} 6] 0) 5] 3] 139] 31] 121] 19] 119] 20] 122) 41|.../N. 65 35 W.| .393
Ban: Spring 159| 6] 36] 1) 65) 0} 1] 3] 133] 10} 54| 4] 38] 7] 78] 31j...{N. 34 0 W.] 172
& Summer | 171| 3] 30] 0] 81] 0] 2! 0] 90/17) 66) 15] 59) 9| 64) 12).../N. 40 0 W.| .20
2 Autumn | 114) 2] 34| 0] 91) 0) 8s] 1) 83) 16) 67) 7 32] 12] 59] 18|.../N. 31 38 W.| .103
bb Winter 117/ 2) 45) 0) 79) 0} 2) 6] 84) 13) 50) 2) 30] 4] 72) 10).../N. 12 36 W.| .16
<q The year | 561} 13/ 145} 1) 316] o| 13) 4] 390) 56) 237] 28] 159] 32| 273] 71|.../N. 30 59 W.| .16 |
Spring 2008 34) 42) 5/ 1] 1) 51) 20] 1347) 23) 308] 4] 333) 3) 365] 12] O|N. 46 14 W.]| .223 736
Summer | 2092) 45] 78) 2) 14) 0] 57| 15) 1153] 13] 516) 3] 383) 3] 484) 26] O|N. 35 59 W.| .223 736
pe Autumn | 2299| 21/ 32} 3| 4) 2] 4b] 8] 1446] 10| 322] 4| 259| 3) 286] 18| O\N. 37 15 W.| .22 i 728
LaSaulsaie. | Winter | 1960| 26 31| 2 7 1\ 40] 9) 1678] 10] 398} 0) 365) 0) 307| 17| 1N. 73 43 W.) ... a 722
The year | 8352] 126] 183) 12 26] 4] 194) 52| 5624) 56/1544) 11/1340) 9/1442) 73] 1|N. 48 58 W.|_... Ee 2922
Spring 233) 1. | 88] ...| 60 52) ...| 171) ...| 116] ...| 86] ...| 116] ...| OJN. 46 10 W.| .143 af | 460
Summer | 238 50| ...) 44 13 130 165 165 114 ON. 70 17 W.| 344 ai | 460
137. Autumn | 247 46| ...| 33 21 166] ...| 175 132 91 O|N. 80 42 W.| .27 Soi | 455
St.Rambert | | Winter 285 Bi eal 37 9 128) ...| 177 ON ol) AENEY] coall CONE GE) TS) Wiel) 2B) secs 451
The year | 1003; ... | 241) ...] 174] ...| 95] ...| 595] ...] 683) ...] 474] ...| 439] ...] O|N. 64 41 W.| .24 |... |... /1826 J
Spring 3780| 204| 734| 18] 367| 15| 572/101) 2783) 87] 828) 63 939/156\1634|209! O|N. 38 57 W.| .20 |N. 554° E, |.023 |
ee Summer | 4031| 305] 484) 11] 337) 13| 353) 64| 2346\153|1176|164|1273|181|1505|268| 0|N. 47 27 W.| .27}.N. 54 W.|.07 |
- ae Autumn | 3900| 322] 490} 28) 431] 25) 428) 75| 3071) 86] 994/126] 866/147|1247/220| O|N. 47 25 W.| .17 |S. 36% BE. |.04
AB? to 16°.1 Winter | 3744/ 190) 571) 15) 461) 17] 480| 84] 2897| 76/1027) 88) 854)/167\1495)202) 1|N. 47 50 W.|.18 |S. 293 E. |.02}
Mg (| The year |15455)1021)2279) 72\1596) 70)1833|324|11097/402/4025/441/3932)651|/5881|/899| 1|N. 45 49 W.| .20
Spring TPH] co || 2D} coll GZ} coell GI) dool| AH Tcael GB) Seal) Tain 55| ...| O|N. 38 0 W.| .26 | 552
189, Summer | 198 30 63 36 34 25 81 72 O|N. 11 40 W.| .36 552,
- Gubii Autumn | 175 38 70 65 24 24 72 78 O|N. 0 26 W.| .31 | 546
pene | Winter 145 33 66 29 51 38 81 17 O|N. 22 52 W.| .26 | 542
The year | 639 130 291 139 137 153 245 282 ON. 16 17 W.| .29 2192
Spring 201 0 11 47 159 24 30 142 ON. 41 47 W.| .20 644 J
let0. Summer | 220 1 10 13 108 4G 29 155 O|N. 39 57 W.| .402 | 644 |
Monsol and | Autumn | 134 0 23 51 144 7 zy 147 ON. 86 40 W.| .22 | 637
St. Nizier. Winter 143 0 33 125 85 45 32 99 O|N. 57 54 W.| .02} 632
The year | 698 1 77 236 496 186 128) ...| 543 0\N. 54 10 W.| .21 2557
| Spring 116 4 20 34 117 2] 58|...| 85 O|N. 75 1 Wz.) .192 490
141 ‘Summer | 102 0 19 33 147 61 60| ...| 98 o\S. 72 3 W.) .08s 522
Beaujou, } Autumn 84 10 32 46 157 47 48] ...| 61 O|S. 80 47 W.| .122 | 485
Winter 103 BI) cool] 116) 39 165 43 26) 61 O\S. 36 5 W.| 144 | 511
The year? |... ell ocel) = oeel ae, Ss a ay ... | «| O|S. 60 42 W.| .19 2008
1G Spring 38) - 0} ---| 29) 0} - 9 ll} coo} 4| ...| ON. 24 56 B.?) 373 92
j49, _| | Summer 13) - Q) | 38) 2) 4 2) ...| 29) 4| ...| O|N. 34 26 E.?) .12 | 92
istous i Autumn 28 Al cool BI 0} - 22 Q| | 14 0] ...| O|N. 59 10 B.?/ .16 | 91
Winter 4] ill ccol| Tt) ill! 6 22 il) coal] 20 1) ...] OJN. 11 53 B.?) 214 91
; (| The year | 120 3] ---| 106 3) 57 4| ...|| 64 g| ...| O|N. 29 7 E.?] 21 | 366
{| Spring 34 4) 0 2 47 il) 6 1 A coll OSE & Beh iL) 12) | 92
143. Summer 4 (OS ie 1 35 6] - 2 3] ...| O)N. 47 12. W.?) .10 | 92
Wavdun Autumn 36) 4). ie 8 34 6| - 0 1| ...| O|N. 51 49 B.2) .072 91
3 Winter 33 4|. 2) 2, 44 3] - 2 QO) ---|| OS. 10 16) Ben) -13% 90
The year | 147 12 ol elmer nS 160 16| - 5 6| .-.| O/S. 84 24 B. | .06 365
Spring 2217 11 4) . 3 127 g| ...| 59 19 O|N. 29 56 W.| .284 460
144, | Summer | 222 14) . 5] 8 78 42) -..| 5 29 O|N. 30 7 W.| .344 460
Bourg Autumn 196 9) iio 14 139 23] - 47 20 O|N. 47 17 W.} .165 455
: | Winter 204 15): Bil cell 718! 150 8 47 13 O|N. 33 31 W.| .154 451
The year | 849) 49 TO) col) BS 494 82 204) 81 O|N 33 24 W.| .234 |1826
(| Spring 75 76 0) 5 107 0 0| 13 O|S. 60 20 E. | .20 276
145. Summer | 123 61 0 1 70 10 0 1 O|N. 16° 47 BE. | .363 276
Lons-le- Autumn 48 65 0 15 130) 4 0 11 O\S. 47 47 E. | .23 273
Saulnier. | Winter 75 62] --- 0 7 127) 0 0 5 OWS} Pay abide 395 271
|The year | 321 264| .../ 0 23 434 14 0 40 O|S. 64 13° E. | .16 1096
|

! Observed at Arbresle, Cercie, Duerne, Du Puy, Givors, La Saulsaie, Lyons, St. Foy, St. Laurent d’Oingt, St.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Rambert, and Tarare.

222 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. |

(Nos. 146 to 159.) Middle France.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences

|

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation, the year. Direction.

variable.

Ss. W.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

ING TS VAG
Calm or
Force.

Ww.
Number of days.

ais, 86° 42’ W.] .
42\N. 46 18 W.|.
36/5. 6

yy

Ss 1 Autumn
yams Winter 3158.

| The year : 146 N.
Spring oe 3] ase | w-| 32) ...) 25) ...| 39] ...] G62 ... fy coal) Ope
147. Summer ace ec Dir Spl) 12404) a5 3)... co 3] en} © ONS.
Fort J Autumn cto Wess tes 9] <5 al eee ees li. aa H cecil ONS:
de Joux. Winter cnt sco AT) ..s| 33] oe ccc FAN co see «| OS,
The year “00 x0 coe ni | 234) ... BM fea Sen) SE
Spring 2) O} 1: 353, 23) 210, 37|N.
Summer /|1004 : iy ‘ é 2 354 42\N.
Autumn | 766 9: ‘ i | 296] 1% 35: 36N.
Winter 818} ¢& y 596 | 238} Be 31/N.
The year |3559) 4 2 ; 2/2653 02| 581262 146) N.
Spring MANO Ses 268 +a ee-| 159 . col] S| es
Summer 66] ... on 5S] .| 60} ...| 147
Autumn 120} ... | see vee| 62] ...) 214
Winter TAS acs 24) 00 Ned ...| 205
The year | 492) ... | 285 B1| ...| 225] ...] 788

@® ~I bo bs 09

co

| Spring
146. Summer

148.
Eastern
i France, lat.
46° to 47°.2

149.
Dijoa,
11845 to 1853
and 1859.3

150.
Dijon,
1783 x 1784.

The year | 498

Spring

151.
La Fleche,
1852.

Summer
Autumn
Winter

POGnA D nnnnnm

9
4
5
10
28

| The year
152.

La Fleche,

1842 to 1849.

| The year

i
i=)

OOMHWAMNOMPROOL OU

Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn a
Winter Scot |} ailP)
The year ‘Al cece |} sh

e bp

155.
Gray.

w

156.
Besancon.

a

157.

Vesoul. |
|

WWW AMM RIHSCSHS

158.
Bourbonne.

oe

159.
Rousses.

coococece|ecece|cecsecoscoecesacoscos
AZAAAAANNAASNNANNNnAAS

a
SNWwWonmraIONRe&

oo
i=)

|
|
|
|
a
|
|
|
|
|

1 Seasons for the whole period except 1848.
2 Observed at Beaujeu, Bourg, Chalons, Cublize, Fort de Joux, Lons-le-Saulnier, Monsol, St. Nizier, Syam, and Verdun.
3 Seasons for all the years except 1847.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 223

(Nos. 160 to 165.) Middle France.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS oF THE COMPASS. infl
intluences.

Direction
of

Place of Time of
resultant.

f observation. the year. Direction.

variable.
to sum of winds.

Calm or
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

is)
(SC)

Spring #| 3 .../ 83. ... s\eaal elie elbee: ay seal TR I Sa . 51°16’ W.| .
Summer coal! (88) nas 208 Wess |i gel tee as on a . 42 10 W.).
Autumn sa 104) iy re 34 eee HW 020 Ss a8 . 38 47 W.).

pe.
| Montbe-
liard.

obo
oe

Winter 60 ...| 4 ... oo is 4)... oe 606 n06 |S. 66 39 W.|.
The year 67, ...| 254) ... bon peel ee Otel NO coe bo: By) boo - 50

“aff

|

|
L Spring 482 ...| 311] ... abo cool ZA) ode aes cal) 24 | 9/5. 85
16 Summer | 387 | 229) a ia, ¥ seo! DGIL |] scoff HOD |) ceall THIS, GE

a=
HO

Ree
oO

rie. tat Autumn 462| ...| 329] ... Bae a A} conl|| BY A ae ay lonan . 66
= ; || Winter 610 245)... is me 4 te Hl coll GEE on 75
to The year 13139} 67 2214| 16|146 57 4/3736) 6: 4] 4816224 49] 36/S. 87

ee
oreo ot
ty

=

N. E. or . E. N. W. or
between t. | between 5 Between , | between
N. & E. 5S. & E. S.& W. N. & W.

January 634 2525 831 7 925 | 613
February 481 1938 606 940 2% 762
March 894 2828 Z 437 2 1231 888
April 950 2503 De 581 2022 894 i 1075
May 1206 2469 3 703 844 990
June 1334 1853 - 638 1634 c 1444
July 847 1728 : 775 416 1262 ¢ 1228
August 1041 1766 950 1144 lays 1025
September] 803 2378 306 909 922 9 812
October 659 2384 j 1053 7 888 703
November 481 2128 781 j 956 653
December 538 1944 672 5 1144 ; 522
Spring 3050 7800 1721 3306 2969 1088 2953
Summer 3222 5347 57 2363 3356 3440 1578 3697
Autumn 1943 6890 by 2743 3% 2766 977 2168
Winter 1653 6407 2109 22 3009 766 1897
The year 9868 26444 8936 12184 4409 | 10715

variable,

Calm or

E
a

Spring 3| | 297)148) 98) 5} 150,152
Summer JZ) = | 22 3 170115
Autumn 3} | 8} 113] 93
Winter. ) 3) 22 39) 151/104
The year : j 39/220) 584/464
Spring ‘ : 100; 9
Snmmer G 5} 179) 18
Autumn Seals:
Winter 1 | 3) 3} «6 47) 1
The year 2 444) 34
Spring 2 : 250 161
Summer 3} 26) | 22, 4) 349 133
Autumn j | 231} 99
Winter ‘ 36 | 198!105
The year | ¢ i | ‘ 37/1028 498)1226
Spring 2 ¢ 34 (tat
Summer 36 10 8
Autumn 7 2 3
Winter 2 2 7
The year 20) 29
165. Spang mee lee litre well ocean: lifes cel|evees|( eee acer || devel cose: [asst vase
port Autumn
Winter

The year

Surface
wind.
Seas
ate

163. Goersdoff. |
Motion
of clouds.
ot
; Coxe
by ga 5

Bn wan Ama

Aggregate.

l

164.
Tchtratz-
heim.

AARRARAARAAANADM ANNO nm

(a SSS SS

7 SSOSOSCSHPOSCOHPHHOSOHESSOCOSS

eastern
France.2

444444444444444444444442

1 Observed at Bourbonne, Besancon, Dijon, Dole, Gray, La Fleche, Montbeliard, Rousses, and Vesoul.
2 Observed at Clermont Oise, Doulevant, Goersdoff, Ichtratzheim, Metz, Nancy, ‘and Strassburg. Resultant combined by plotting.

224 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 166 to 178.) Western Switzerland.
Observed as follows :— 2

| Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. | length of
time.

mos

“

WW RAWOR Be woe

1864 to 1869 inclusive.

4 | 1859, 1860, and Dec., 1864, to March, 1866, inclusive,
10 1864 to 1866 inclusive.

3 1852 to 1860 and 1863 to 1869 both inclusive.

7 December, 1864, to Jane, 1866, inclusive.
11 December, 1864, to October, 1866, inclusive.

6 1864 to 1869 inelusive.

7 | 1850 to 1854 and Dee. 1864 to June, 1866, both inclus
10 1735 and 1864 to 1869 inclusive.

0 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
10 1864 to 1869 inelusive.

Chaumont. Sire,
Chaux-de-fonds, Nicolet,
Dizy, Borgeand,
Geneva, Observatory,
Le Sentier, Lecoultre,
Marchairuz, Audernars,
Montreux, Carrand,
Morges, Burnier,
Neuchatel, Observatory,
Ponts-de-Martel, Chapin,

St. Croix, Junod,

a

|
|
|

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Movsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

or be-

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the |
observation, year.

|

| Direction.

or be-
tosum of winds.

E. or be-
tween S. & E.

variable,

Ww.
tween N.& W.

WwW.
tween S.& W.

Ratio of resultant

tween N.& E.
Number of days.

N.E. or be-
: hoe East.
DOHSOSHOows!
South.
S.
rary N.
an
for
Calm or

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

"| Spring |
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn

| Winter

| The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

‘| Spring

| Summer

| Autumn
Montreux. ayaner

—

73° 8! B.?|.263
. 51 37 W.?).34
48 W.? .49
8 Ww ?.04
1 w.|.12
6 10
33
29

bow Ww bo
rT OO

ZUAAAUENNUANAAAANALAAAAALAAAAABMMANAN MANA A azn
$ D ~ (Jt) > SS >h c

pow p

: 044
|.054| 8. 41 E. |.01
|.02 |S. 18 B. |.04
|.05 | N. 85 -E. |.02
1.054

7 Baw!

The year!
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autnmn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
| Autumn

Winter

The year

Spring

Summer

Autumn

Winter

The year!

| N. 573 E. |.04

N. 274 E. |.18
N. 703 E. |.06
S. 38 W.|.2

;
ISi
aS)

Q
ims
2
i=}
E
io}
i=}
on

Surface
winds

Motion
of clouds.

a

. |.03 | N. 842 E. |.
46 W. +, N.73 W.|.
27 E. }.06 | N. 68 E.
35 W.|.14 |S. 70 W.|.
65 28 Pea sree

Aggregate.

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SHRIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 295

(Nos. 173 to 178.) Western Switzerland.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
Dif FeERENT POINTS OF THE CoMPASS. r=] influences,
aa aq
a Mg a = | a
Place of observation. Time of os $8 Be 52) g| Direction of | %S a
the year. BIZ, sa AG He |i] Tesultant. |. | Direction. a
‘) a . ° SCA lo’ ons i]
Bee). | Se si | oe | 2 Salas oa | 3 3
& |AS| a |as| s 3 | g|Fo |g sale) | See
Zz \22| a |aE| & | we | Ele i6" a | a | 2
—— e S ee tel ee Pe ee eae t
(| Spring |52.2)31.9/17.2/20.4/40.2) 74.7/47.1/35.6] 2 |S. 83°52 W.|.22 | ......... oo | BO |
|| Summer |44.7/26.2) 8.9)13. /18.4| 76.4/48.9/37.9| 0 |N. 84 50 W.).34 | ....... oo 276
173. Chaux-de-fonds. {| Autumn [32.6/17. (17. |29.7/41.5| 69.8/43. |20.1| 2 |S. 46 47 W.|.Q81] ......... re 273
l Winter (34.9/40. |23.9/42.1/64.4)205.2/40.9)/24.7| 3 |S. 37 27 W.|.42 | ......... a 361
Saves) eee |b oboe |] sco IP ooo I oss |] Gee Sores «|. |S. 62 58 W.|.284) ......... son |) TPA)
RELATIVE PREVALENCE of WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
POINTS OF THE COMPASS.
Time of i ; ‘ ;
Uo wae ia] ra] : 5 = = 5 = Pa
| i si. fe A) a : pf ag’ |e 3 1) Se
S\2|alelelalala| o| ale |@/s|# Fle lee
Z/e2|2/S(Ale lala] al] a] a |B IE |E lal aid”
174. Geneva, 1826 to 1860.
Spring 29... | 20 2 1 4 30, 3 3 OlN. 26 8 w.l.233
Summer 2) S06 18 1 il Al ug 31) 3 5 OIN. 36 57 W: “O51
Autumn WE rae UE} solic al | 4 4 34 3 3 ON. 57 7 W.|151
Winter AD ose || UG) aif 5 9] 29 3 3 OIN. 86 8 W.|.061
The year | 101) ... 73 9 | 11 21) al 12 14 OIN. 41 48 W.|.17
175. Geneva, 1863 to 1869.
I ]
Spring _[4511/2422) 370| 44'148| 51/129|18311171 2296|1572/273'335| 51l235|426| 394\N. 95 47 w.|o1 on
Summer (44131585) 308) 59161) 63 107|220)1389 2140) '736/294'372) 70|195 393) 461|N. 24 42 w.|.20 1288
Autumn 2883/3178) 464) 81223 116 220/264 1623 2016)/1179/218)347) 58/169 314) 453\N. 7 45 w 13 1274
Winter 2168/2870] 636] 92/448] 86 344/400/1682 2371/1659/326/419| 61/195 241 8394'S. 76 28 W.|.04 be ee .. | 1355
Dine wagu! | ces fl os5 |] cee |] opal) ‘caa] cacl! esell cool!) cas |) cee |) Sco |! coal) cool!’ cool) eel] acbl| Geo INI, ay) EC) yee BIS [eee ... | 5205
176. Morges.
Spring 154) 54) 49] 5] 2) 10) 73| 46) 103| 29| 115| 17| 22] | 6| 10] 359s. 0 20 F. |.06 644
Summer 108] 33) 43) 0} 1) 16j111) 50) 86) 38) 94 20) 18) 0} 4) 3) 245/8. 138 OF. |.18 583
Autumn 125) 58} 39) 1) 6] 8| 64) 36) 72) 28) 82) 26) 23) 1] 7 6] 170/S. 9 39 E. |.05 546
Winter 219/ 62) 75) 9} 7 1) 21) 13) 46) 17) 197) 28) 47) 4) 17) 20) 282|N. 49 38 W.|.183 541
The year! |... | se | wee | see] see] cee] cee] cee] nee [see | nee | cee cee] cee] cee] ae] - (8. 29 36 W.|.044 . 2314
177. Ponts-de-Martel.
Spring 0 172 2 Sime 0 214) ...| 18 5) ...| 431/58. 53 53 W.!.063 245
Summer Gy Ss 99) ...| 0 Oe 0 OY) coal!) 1) ...| 290/S. 71 29 W. 004 153
Autumn UWA sa bal ...| 0 0} . 0 BX) soi] © 0 204'N. 30 22 EB. |.11 91
Winter Olees 95 3 O} os 0 214) ...! 60 3] 375|S. 60 13 W.|.22 Bo éooboo 660 240
The year! 220 cool| coll sce) || ieee seas aoe |S. 74) 54 W.|.05 Peecennes ep 729
178. Aggregate at all stations.
Spring 5264 2476)1365 49|498| 61|566 229|1433|2325|297'7|290/591) 53/766/436/3672|N. 28 43 w.|.15 | N. 144°W.|.07 | 4446
Summer [5087)1618/1069) 59/394) 79/604 270)1563)2178)1671|314/721| 70|767 396/3293 N. 26 31 W.|.15 | N. 104 W. -O74| 4107 |
Autumn /3398)/3236/1186) 82/387|124/619 3001821 /2044 2197 /244)573) 59/561/320/3287|N. 15 7 W. -093 N= 568 E: .044| 3821
Winter 2788) 2932/1525 /101|599) 87/633 413/1870/2388)/4000 354/881) 65)779)261/3556|S. 77 30 W.|.094] S. 214 W.|.12 | 4357
Wing erie! fl ces |} coo {| ods {coal cool) Sool onal! coall Sep! |Pitoo |) coe! || ce5|) cool) tocol) coc!) cool ceo NG Bi7/ al yyy) iil SEApoarAC «- (16731
|

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

29 December, 1874,

226

(Nos. 179 to 196.)

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

WINDS OF

By whom observed.

THE

Aggregate
length of
time.

GLOBE.

Northern Switzerland.

Date.

Zschokke,
Kuhn,
Merian,
Frei,
Sulzberger,
Hausmann,
Schaufelbuhl,
Schmidt,
Beck,
Munzinger,
Froidevaux,
Magis,

F. Beyel,
Steiner,
Sternwarte,
Girtanner,

PRWHWWoWNWHEDwIwwous |

Py
é

mos.

=

1

e

SNAAOMNROTOH PNA Dw

1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inelusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1868 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1867 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1866 inelusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1866, 1867, and 1869.

1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1866 inclusive.

Aarau,
Affoltern,
Basle,
Bozberg,
Frauenfeld,
Kaiserstuhl,
Konigsfelden,
Kreuzlingen,
Lohn
Olten,
Porrentruy,
Schaffhausen,
Uetliberg,
Winterthur,
Zurich,
Zurzach,:
Place of Time of the
observation. year,
Spring
179. ; Summer
Porren- | Autumn
truy.!. || Winter
l| The year
f Spring
Summer
Be 4 | Autumn
eet | Winter
The year?
Spring
4 Summer
el Autumn
on: | | Winter
L| The year?
(| Spring
| | Summer
pe Autumn
cre | Winter
l| The year?
f| epring
ummer
uae 4 | Autumn
aa Winter
{ The year? | ...
[ ENE
ummer
Zurzach, 4 | Autumn
‘ [ Winter
The year
Spring
185 & 186. | | Summer
Konigsfel- Autumn
den. Winter
The year?
(| Spring
; | | Summer
Sate Autumn
Winter
The year? | ...

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

North.

N. E. or be-
| tween N.& E.

0

E. or be-
tween S. & E.

or be-
tween 8. & W.

Hast.
South.
Ss. W.
West.

aD}

5S

a
oe

N. Ww. or be-

tween N. &W.
Calm or

277\S. 7 29 E.?|.12

632'8. 84 28
508,.N. 27 57
596\N. 5 28
7178. 62 50

328.8. 31 56
| 282/S. 9 18
2538. 36 41 E. |.18
3068. 2 39 E. |.21
1169'S. 18 28 E. |.15
| 141/S. 73 24.W.2).25
3175/8. 88. 32 W.?|.11

GN. 62 56 W.|.133
ON. 57 34 W.|.33
ON. 73 14 E. |.08
OS. 14 4 &. |.163
... [N. 70 45 W.|.074
628'S. 86 37 W.I.08
694.N. 35 29 W.|.08
| 611|8. 60 37 W.|.132
5858. 61 52 W.|.263
. | .. |S. 74 86 W.l.12
| 597|N. 72 9 W.|.102
| 586IN. 5 53 W.|.11
456\N. 61 0 EB. |.05
553\N. 89 3 W.|.123
IN. 48°51 W.|.063

W.

Ww.

Ww.

W.

Ww.

E.

E. |.

206/S. 49 34 W.).34

458\N. 67 19 W.|.09
431 N. 36 22 W.|.102

400.N. 24 15 W.|.124
5728. 77 5 W.|.22
N. 65 53 W

Direction of
resultant,

variable,
to sum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

76|N. 21° 30/ E.??|.063
54.8. 41 43 W.??).20
84.N. 57 26 E.22).07
63S. 23 26 E.92).374|

Bemeomelel

O|S. 67 21 W.?/.36

. |S. 65 19 W.|.26

' For the months of February, March, July and October only.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasous.

Direction.

Number of days.

Force.

SHRIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 227

(Nos. 179 to 196.) Northern Switzerland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a4 influences.

£48 a

Fl E 2 i Fis =

Place of | Time of the 23 b8 22 52) | Direction of | 23 oa

observation. year. RE ae Bf be |. | resultant. |. - | Direction. 2

«| | Se > 2al 4 Sel 2 we | Pe ae 3 F-)

583) 2 |48| 5 BS) @ |F3|8e =e 2] 8

z1zf| a lull @ l|wz| & lezl|s a a | 2

(| Spring 6] 90} 54) 14} 10} 92] 66] 15] 550/S. 71°33’ W.).013| ........ | .. | 337

| | Summer 10} 66) 56 5 8! 85] 100) 11) 429/S. 83 21 W.|.08 ibiensiees feo | PAB
Autumn 6) 74) 19 8 1] 107) 64! 4) 514/S. 72 6 W.|.084 2734

| Winter 13! 59 6 1 1) 225) 84) 2) 559/S. 61 55 W.|.232 361

(Lj) GENS sy! |f coo |] 09} ono |! cso 65 vee | a | --- |S. 68 29) Wz.) 102 1247
{| Spring 10 9} 126 7 5| 45! 170 8) 271|N. 74 17 W.}.11 1844

| | Summer 6 5} 78 8 4) 18) 130) 21) 328)N. 88 22 W.}.12 184

Autumn i 4 63 1 0; 19! 105 5| 382/S. 89 12 W.|.094 182

stulil. ] Winter 6] 3) 67| 2 i) 59) 240) 4) 204/S. 81 17 W.|.37 150
[Ge Nebyear's | enn |eeeretn lees ieee coo |] co0. |] neo |] oto PS th ks) Walls odnedacee 09 700

{| Spring 12) 126) 46 8 5] 171) 141] -22) 633/S. 83 46 W.!.12 cacneedod 390 337

190 | | Summer 29) 165) 42) 34 5) 121} 112) 44) 512/N. 36 17 W.|.07 6000001609 me 337
Avoltara 4 | Autumn 11) 126) 32) 6 5] 169) 94) 15) 648/S. 79 39 W.).09 |. ......... es 334
~ || Winter 11} 107; 20) 10 9} 380) 221) 18] 698/S. 64 39 W.|.30 | ......... wai 392
{| The year! | ... coal oo hada we 3 se VE) 1D \ayolbils) Seer aaee ... | 1400]

Spring 64) 193} 55] 105} 46) 69) 129) 193) 385)N.16 3 W.|.14 meter we 368

191 [ Summer 90) 142) 78) 5%) 37) 40) 126) 225 405|N. Bit TB WyolP |l- scocdoncc Pes 368
Zurich Autumn 98) 105) 73) 63) 30) 67) 105) 143} 282/N. 22 10 W.).17 | ......... va 364
‘ Winter 53] 117) 46) 104) 50) 159) 320) 131] 504S. 88 39 W.)|.22 | ......... see 420

| | The year! | ... ne eeslts ses co NWN BEB WYN |) ecoccocen ... | 1520
: Spring 43 0 0 0 0} 43) 196 0} 509)N. 86 49 W.).29 | ........- cco || fl:
199 Summer 38 TP al 0 0 2) 62) 10) 435)N. 80 31 W.|.163) ......... a 306
U tlibe “ Autumn 61 1 1 1 2) Y4, 90 9| 431|N. 84 54 W.!.22 | ......... ie 273
cumers: || Winter 30} i) 0} 0} 0) 190) 412) 0} 645/S. 79 14 W.!|.434| ......... sco || BGI
tf] Blix sen [cca |} ices tf cod fcc] con. || xe It eos (| eset} excuse GO) S) \weePPSlle Eecctoees von || 27

Spring 22) 11 2) 94 18 7| 52) 164) 427|N. 59 46 W.).14 | ......... vei 337

193. [ Summer 14, 4 14) 64 11 2) 36) 141) 491)/N. 51 54 w.!.12 co0esa000 = 337
Frauen- {| Autumn 12; 3] 13) 37) 10) 4) 34) 56) 327/N. 67 16 W.|.072|_ ......... or 243
feld. | | Winter Oy al 2) 47 8 5) 71) 278) 497)N. 57 48 W.)-303) ......... iis 361
(| The year! ccc} on9! || cco 323.,{| G20 |) 022. |) cos DN Bl A WWVGHSILG I~ -caconbio00 ... | 1278

Spring 9| 174) 59 9 2) 265) 48) 81) 496/S. 86 28 W.|.094] ......... te 007
194. Summer 5| 117) 37 1 0) 112) 45) 42) 509|N. 43 28 W.!.06 ecnocono me 2764
Winuter- Autumn 11) 114) 27 1 4) 159| 35) 32) 591/N. 87 19 W.).064) ......... a 308
thur. Winter 7| 178) 27 6 4) 472) 64) 48) 539)N. 56 35 W.).244 co 361
Nive WERE! || cco |} 000 |} coo |} cos |} 0057 || cea |} ce |} ceo |) cco HN GO ZS Anyollolal 1277
Spring 14, 53) 27) 12 2| 74| 19) 15) 208|S. 85 21 W.|.02 1534

195. [ Summer 15) 35) 19) 2) 20) 15) 18) 15] 172)N.11 52 B.?/.09 12:
Kreuzlin- {| Autumn 8} 21) 48) 17) 14) 18) 37 7 O\S. 61 32 HE. ).134 182
gen. | | Winter 3} 56) 13) 12 8) 251) 62) 22) 356/S. 55 0 W.|.304 270

[|| Ane SEH If ate | cas) oa) |) cee |} cee |] cco loco | cco | cco Sb GUE 28 yal ce || 2
196 Spring 4411174 808) 367 233/1497 1439) §14/6345|N. 75 53 W.).09 | N. 52° E. | .03 | 43524
Nether f Summer 632) 914) 679) 260) 230) 8771181) 942/6011\N. 46 27 W.|.11 | N. 233 E. | .08 | 40455
Ree. {| Autumn | 426) 885) 636) 284) 1941160 880) 450/5575)/N. 74 25 W.|.054| N. 80 E. | .06 | 3826
aka | | Winter 276| 915) 570) 426) 326)3140 2267) 699/7008|S. 67 34 W.|.24 |S. 493 W.| .15 | 4779

5 l| The year! | ... SN Soe $09), || 6801) fost jf eee |) eo N. 86 56 W.|.11 Aaa 17002

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 197 to 237.) Central Switzerland.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. fon aitts of
ime.

yrs. mos.
1868 and 1869.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.

1864 to 1869 inclusive.

Airolo, Dotta,
Altdorf, Muller,
Andermatt, Ver. Zurcher,

1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864, 1865, 1866 and 1868.
1864, 1865, 1866, 1868 and 1869.

Beatenberg, Krahenbuhl,
Berne, Sternwarte,
Bernhardin, Bellig,

ie
3

Auen, Muller, 3 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
3
1
1

228

(Nos. 197 to 201.)

Place of observation.

WINDS OF

Central Switzerland.— Continued.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of

THE GLOBE.

Brienz,
Einsiedeln,
Engelberg,
Faido,
Faulhorn,
Fribourg,
Gersau,
Glaris,
Grimsel,
Grindelwald,
Interlaken,
Lugano,
Muri,
Platta,
Rathausen,
Reckigen,
Rigi,

St. Gothard,
St. Imier,
St. Vittore,
Schwarzenburg,
Schwya,
Solothurn,
Stanz,
Sursee,
Valsainte,
Vaudens,
Weissenstein,
Zug,

Hamberger,
Regli,
Wismann,
A. Jemetta,
A. Bravais,
Claraz,
Muller,
Oertly,
Indorf and Ott,
Dr. Beck,
Weihmuller,
Pedrotta,
Simler,
Huonder,
Bachler,

de Courten,
Pfister,

F. Lombardi,
Déglon,
Lorez,
Jewzer,
Lommel,
Pfahler,
Deschwander,
Bachler,
Bielmann,
Chenaux,
Mayr,
Muhlberg,

POWNHEWWHONUWUNWhWWONHRNOMBRwwa

=!

a

i —
MAAWORROUORNOCONRP RE URN ROTH wate oO

1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1866 inclusive.
1841, 1842 and 1844.
1864 to 1868 inclusive.
1867 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1867 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1865, 1866 and 1868.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1867 inclusive.
1864 to 1867 inclusive.
1864 to 1867 inclusive.

1782 to 1785 and 1864 to 1869 both melusive.

1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1868 and 1869.

1867 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1864 to 1866 inclusive.
1867 to 1869 inclusive.
1866 to 1868 inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1865.

1864 to 1866 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DirrerRent Ports of THE COMPASS.

Time of
the year,

Place of
observation,

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

19'7.
Vaudens.

Fribourg.

200.
Valsainte.

SE. or be-
tween 8. & E.

ie

Noosa

fo wo os Gos

to:
me Co Or co

a)

S. W. or be-

tween 8. & W.

ST Op Or

Sore

Direction of
resultant,

to sum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or

856\N
494 N.
| 449 N.
778|N

265|N.
172)N.
214/N.
429|N.
Baling
198.
20 N.
83 S.
15S.

21
» 59 25

Monsoon

influences,

Direction,

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Number of days.

SERIE

(Nos. 202 to 215.)

Place of Time of
observation, | the year.
(| Spring
202. | | Summer
Beaten- 4} Autumn
berg. | | Winter
L| The year!
Spring
203. Summer
Eas Autumn
Winter
| The year!
Spring
204. Summer
St. Imier Autumn
5 Winter
The year!
Summer
Walston } Autumn
Spring
Summer
206.
Autumn
Solothurn. j Winter
[ The year!
(| Spring
208 | Summer
Cries. 4 Autumn
| Winter
{| The year!
(| Spring
209. | poe
utumn
Interlaken. ; Winter
| The year!
Spring
210. Summer
Grindel- Autumn
wald. | | Winter
[| The year!
[ Spring
Summer
ae Autumn
; Winter
The year!
(| Spring
212. | Snead
utumn
Rathausen. | Winter
The year!
Spring
213. Sram
utumn
Biz. Winter
The year!
Spring
214. f Serre
utumn
Engelberg. | Winter
The year!
Spring
215. ane
utumn
Grimsel. vane
The year!

5

B. ZONE 9.

LAT.

45°

TO 50

Central Switzerland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIPFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

wok Hop

cone.

E. or be-
tween S. & E.

5.

we)
=
=i

tween 8.& W.

S. W. or be-

[Ses
~I

1S

£3

5a

3 2A
g [FS
=aes
115) 283
90| 271
58| 237
179) 317
127| 39
5) 3
80| 28
96| 28
os a
il @

o| 0

iil) il
15| 78
33| 23 |
141] 35
4s| 42
133| 31
230) 89
102) 33
13) 14
26| 14
121| 33
196) 34
314] 107
136| 47
160| 32
co
12| 8
13] 2
a] 3
236| 175
167| 177
126] 155
308| 104
vs doy
27| 17
a) eg)
58) 7
Gets
6) 19
10 0
80 20

ogo || abe
275) 45
284 47
152,39
148| 50
180) 98
80, 71
114) 81
196 121

Zan

aa
ae
Be
.| Direction of | ou
zl resultant. | 2 2
cs oe
a: ae
5 4
9338. 46° 13/ W.|.144
154|S. 5 4 W.|.214
210/S. 49 38 W.|.064
323\N. 68 22 W.|.23
1. |S. 54 59 W.|.12
547/S. 28 5 W.|.074
73918. 74 12 B. |.034
740\N. 73 55 B. |.044
722/S. 1 39 BE. |.054
.. |S. 18 9 E. |.03
292|8. 52 2 W.|.13
166/S. 41 4 W.|.04}
226|8. 45 0 W.).025
134|S. 66 20 W.|.144|
.. |S. 57 11 W.|-08
49\N. 77 25 W.|.354
pe 57 59 W.|.09
566\S. 89 21 W.|.03
214\N. 53 4 E. |.20
354|N. 55 9 Bs. |.084
689|N. 82 46 W.|.12 |
IN. 23 41 E. |205 |
269|/N. 76 59 W.|.254 |
932|N. 3 46 BE. |.074|
993|N. 45 16 W.|-11
400|\N. 71 25 W.).17
_.. IN. 61 35 W.|.14 |
641/N. 78 39 W.|.17
553\N. 72 2 W.|.294
636|N. 75 32 W.|.144
903/S. 83 56 W.).124
... |N. 78 15 W.|.18
61/S. 83 7 W.??).07
1338. 58 44W.?).042
276|S. 24 27 W.?).08
256|8. 43 29 W.?|.014
... |S. 52 37 W.|.05
358\N. 46 14 W.|.16
332|N. 20 11 W.|.15
456|N. 29 20 W.|.13
549|N. 69 11 W.|.17
... |N. 42 29 W.|.143
522/N. 23 12 W.|.034
615|N. 68 57 W.|.02
321\N. 24 57 E. |.014
431|N. 82 44 W.|.084
... |N. 59 12 W.|.03
97/8. 85 11 W.|.16
1|N. 5 19 W.?}.422
76\S. 24 58 W.?| 11
2961S. 52 21 W.|.12
... |N. 54 47 W.|.103
669|S. 55 41 W.|.22
585|8. 67 4 W.|.292
606/S. 30 56 W.|.22
964/S. 21 10 ©. |.053
... |S. 48 41 W.|.18
387|S. 41 21 W.|.144
Q64IS. 26 38 W.|.12
208|S. 15 38 W.|.20
499/8, 4 22 B. |.304
|S. 13 58 W.|.18

Monsoon

influences.

Direction.

Force.

= || B08)

1, 11399

~. | 361 |

| 202 |

3s | oa |

_. | 392

| 24 |

5 | el |

. |1492

Number of days.

| 367
| 337

| 392
337
368
364 §

eet i
246 f
153
182

793 |
92 |

307 |
153 §
245 |

/1097 |
122 f
92
91 f

486 |
337 |
368
303 |
423 |
1431 }

31 |

61 |
121 |

90 |
303
368
368 |
364

392 |

215 |
245
121
180 |
761 §
184 }
122 j
91
180 }
577 |
367
337
333 |
541 |
1578

184 |
182 |
330
940

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

230 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 216 to 229.) Central Switzerland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

i
32
n
oad
ge

Direction of

observation. the year. resultant. Direction.

atio of resultant

variable.

Place of Time of |
|
|

“to sum of winds.

tween N.& E.
tweenS.& W.
tween N.&W.

N. E. or be-

N. W. or be-
Calm or

| R

Spring 374) 327
Summer 301, 394
Autumn 308 230
Winter 334 302
THey year! |escs ties |e | (escalate |e seal ||aeeene ete se
Spring 49 | 6 25|S. 81 34 W.|.093
Summer 18 5] 123\N. 30 W.?|.07;
Autumn | 38IN. 75 41 W.?|.035
Winter } 330/S. 56 W.|.
The teary recoil voce ill vee || tesa | (ase |eesendl leeeiel|| een neem NM ON amco Die Wiles
Spring : 3 2) 2° : . 64 53
Summer ; 3 : | PATillne . 88 53
Autumn g5 3) 276 30/5. 54 40
Winter 0 ° ; g 2) / 8} 509/|S. 53
Lae a rrr (lise lIqos | |Ircsoell) e259 |lbeeb «|| eons” llicse. || aves 42
Spring j ? 54 38
Summer 37
Autumn 30
Winter 38 W.|.
The year! 0 52 W.|.
Spring S. 75 24 W.??|.08
Summer 3. 28 42 E.??}.0:
Autumn 3 Li DS Wert:
Winter 59 40 W.?|.
The year! 25 W.?}.033
Spring Pall Nia s
Summer 26 W.|.
Autumn 35
Winter 47
Thetye@are yell vecolll coop Weeeenliesee eee Wlieogo I) coo sis Mee 23

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

: 5. W. or be-
|
2 | Number of days.

° 49 Ey
0 E.
46 W.|.
53 E.
50 E,

bom

eo

216.
Reckigen.

: wm og |
wo S oo 09
= bo

217.
Zug.

218.
Rigi Kulm

219.
Schwyz.

220.
Gersau.

Sons wren

221.
Altdorf.

wort wooo:

BO oH

Summer Bil le o|N. 16
Autumn 8 3 493/S. 61 57
Wiuter S. 50
Thevyeart ||! ss. ll dsteal ireemel ereeen |teces Seats tlieaed ||| eee | NG 54
Spring |
Winter | | 5 IN. 59
Spring : 2 2) 69|N- 11
Summer } 2) 1é j 5| 632) 129|/N. 52 33
Autumn 4) : 2 4
Winter 8} 233] 6 f : 52
The year! | . Pe ico ences eee Boul pees ileeset | Nenana
g 17

222.
Ander-
matt.

223.
Airolo.

224,
Kinsiedeln

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Autumn
Winter

225.
Platta.

ow
2 So
or 09

GIN.
N.
216/N.

373
276
307

402

OPROT CHWo pHoH
eooco

Heo”

742\N. 62 ; Seasons
657/5. 83 56 le cogpooeas

702\N. 42 Ne Rariandian

715|N. 26

... |N. 53 °
68/S. 89 23 W.??

237/S. 15 35 W.?

Opp
He

i : “!
bo 09 wowsat

oo

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES BS ZONE 92 LAT 45° DO 50° N. 231

(Nos. 230 to 237.) Central Switzerland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE oF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Points Monsoon
OF THE COMPASS. influences.

|
| Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the

observations. year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

tween N. & E.

tween S, & W.

tween N.& W.
variable.

Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

Spring
~Summer
230. Autumn
Auen. Wiuter
The year!
Spring
231. Summer
Bernhar- Autumn
din. Winter
The year!

(or)
=

°

ra
NS
&

bo co

ws
Ke

gq Sorbet

>~I
© GO

ZEPaeenaae

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS PROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS
OF THE COMPASS.

Time of the

ear. 0
u al

Al ui
“| a

1783, 1784 aud 1785.2

‘

North.
E.S. E.
Calm or
variable,

Re)
oo
rs)

. Goth

ra
or

January 0
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

ssoocoaococoocoosocoscse
sosooeooocooscooeosesoses
BoOorooooroocoocacocoocsd
rPocoooeos oOoSoSoSoSo SooSoS
H
NONODSOHEABRAOODSDSOSOSOHS
cy
TROP MaOWwWHoOSSoOOD
SMHSSOHMHOSSOSOOSOSOORS
sSooocooooceocoocossose
Seoecoooeoocecoococesceoscse
PmOSSCoOOCOCOSCOoOSCSCSoSCSOS
NOSSHSCOCSCSCSCSCSCSCOHSCS
TOWWWOHMRNSOSONHOHNPa.
ASooreceoocoooorssose
ARRAARDARMA AAA DA A

ay
bo

a

32 724

bo
ou
fer}
iw)
[o2}

2006/6

. Gothard, 1865 to 1869.

83
55

Spring
Summer

0
Autumn Pee Okiince ..-| 184
@. Mego 4

Winter
The year!

15

ulhorn.

Summer 13 | BOA aan ewe teciees
Autumn 4 D

. Airolo.

Spring BB) iecolt Oil laee alien) allneee
Winter GB tesa lal un lies. geal dk}

236. Nos. 232 and 233 combined.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

237. Central Switzerlan

Spring 2055} 0/1705] 0/735| 0 25 2086 9|N. 10
Summer |1864| 4/1779|.3)/796| 4/1206 59/42/2022| 9 |2188| 564|N. 52 .|-11
Autumn 1673] 2/1131) 2/843) 19/14: \15/1624| 4 |1512 : 4 W.).06
Winter 2160} 0/1569! 0.920) 22 0/3463) 8 |1709 Y ll
TAS, SOB Gna Bel OER gl SR BR WV | ( =| mensailibe lige coum (Mee iie ies Ni: .|.09 |

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
5 Computed by combining the resultants by plotting.

932 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 238 to 248.) Southwestern Switzerland.
Observed as follows :—
at ET a a a a ce ee ™ p

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. lene of Date.
yrs. MOS. |
Bellinzona, Tschudy, 3 2 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Bex, C. Rosset, iE 10 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Gliss, X. In-Albon, 1 7 December, 1864, to June, 1866, inclusive.
Grachen, Tscheinen, 3 7 1864 to 1869.
Martigny, Gross, 3 6 1864 to 1869.
Mendrisio, Rusca Torriani, 1 2 1864, 1865 and 1866.
St. Bernard, afuidasionsiessnzs 10 5 1851, 1852, 1853, 1855, 1857 and 1863 to 1869 in-
Simplon, Frossard, 5 2 1863 to 1869 inclusive. [clusive.
Sion, Branno, 3 8 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Zermatt, Ruden, Ot December, 1864, to October, 1865, inclusive.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DirFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. we influences. a
: : o se z
A |, lel ae Ze Me
Place of Time of | o8 oZ 323 | 22 g | Directionof | 25 °
observation. the year. | ee a. | sin Bey) ||| sue resultant. «- ¢ | Direction. a
lke sa) sa o4 | oe o8 ees
a |g St P= tells ess Bl fee WI || oa o I
2/48] glee] SES |e iFS |e a2 8 | 2
Z\26| 8 \is| m |e |Ela8|o alae
Spring 15] 10) 3 3} 81) 53) 14 20) 244)8. 32°21’ W.}.222 216
938. ee Summer (3) all 3 0 | 21) 18) 6) 152)S. 81 43 W.).12 153
Bes Autumn 0} O19 0 0 23) 13! 5) 16) 76)S. 50 43 W.?).25 91
‘ l Winter 18 5 1 8 107; 6] 47 3 956/S. 0 6 W.|.22 270
The year! | 25] <sch || cameo [eeeen Al eevee ees aleve are |S. 35 59 W.|.183| 730
Spring 282] 92] 46 101) 8} 12) 26) 252] 568)N. 11 37 W.|.30 337
939. Summer | 477 0} 24) 15 7} 10) 22) 131) 534,N.-9 5 W.|.45 306
Martigny. })j2u¢ume | 74), 17), 26) 73 0| 2) 24) 72!) 590/N. 4 8 BE. |.19 273
Winter 150| 4) 25) 39 4| 16] 42) 68 N.16 14 W.|.46} 361
Mie yeah cs | ol oo | tecee lem Peece [ell eat bteeew |iNe dOenes awe kn | 1277
Spring 0/4852 (Hi - @) 0)2337| 0 0) 706) Northeast. |.32 889
a Summer 1/4342) 0) 0 01795) O 0. 565) N. 44 59 E. |.38 828
Autumn 0/3577| 0} 1 0 2840) 0 0) 560,.N.45 5 E, |.152 819
Bernard. Winter 0/4702 0 0 0/2539 0 0 ei4) Northeast. 20 902
ae py ear | ccc eslee. sell arc<coal|| eee neon lace ll ee | es |N. 45 1 E, |.28 3438
Spring 10} 30! 12 6 17| 118 185 19) 560 8. 76 12 W.|.264 337
241. Summer lh 183 BY 8| 269]181| 14] 511\S. 63 41 W.|.40 BBH/
Sen Autumn 5) °25) 6) 2! 6) 79) 74) 3) 5938/8. 70 12 W.|.14) 304
Wiuter 11) 21) 10; 19) 11) 45) 93) 22) 833/S. 81 44 W.|.093 361
heyy earl sles. sige incl nese || eezouh| ceeeal)aeeo| eect econ Sem OREC OMAN ee 133
Spring 10! 92) 40) 108 5| 226] 5) 11} 268)/S. 3 12 E. |.20} 184
242. Summer 2) 32) | 25 0} 183) 7] 16) 211/S. 42 6W.?!.31 122
Gliss. Autumn 7} 39) 15) 31) 1) 60) 11) 23) 119/S. 19 41 W.?/.05 91
Winter 2) 38) 23) 47/ 0] 164) 1] 10) 395/S. 19 52 W.|.17 180
AW SE | coo ff eos || oes |] con] oe ws] oe | --- |S. 22 45 W.|.172 577
Spring 160) 86) 13 2| 17} “46 66] 4) 655)N. 8 36 W.|.163 337
243. Summer | 142) 145) 33) 2) 12) 37] 82) 31) 631/N. 1 44 E. |.203 338
Graken Autumn 35) 22) 1) 2} 0] 11! 39) 4) 657\/N. 35 36 W.|.07 273
Winter 53} 24 18; 5) 50; 48] 56) 8] 847|S. 78 16 W.|.05 361
Wi [RURS yy; cert | ee |e ee | eee |e ile me --- |N. 9 45 W.}.102 1309
Spring 15} 39) 3] 2) 19) y4| 4| 6] 127/s. 47 49 W.? 13} 92
O44. Summer 24) 43) 1) 0; 8] 57) 2) 2) 151/S. 58 37 W.?/.05 92
Zermatt, || Autumn 2) 30; 0) 0) 5) 32) 0; 2) 109/N. 15 22 W.?).04 61
: Wiuter sh! ala! 2) O| 27) 67) 2 1) 155/S. 30 42 W.?/.29 90
De yyaeurty| eerie lee [eee . | -. |S. 47 53 W.|.10 335
Spring 274) 830) 156) 204 877 7 2560 349 164) 450/N. 36 49 W.|.392 460
24K. Summer | 280/1199) 321) 226) 754 1966 394) 278) 443)§. § 18 W.|.17 460
Simplon: Autumn | 170)1147) 223) 254) 7442142 78) 159| 397,8. 20 4 W.|.27 425
P Winter | 280/1837| 182) 182, 578/3206 480) 211! 467/S. 45 57 W.|.24 542
They earl i| crea || eecul|ieseel|(uecel iii roset dl icaweig farewell seem ral rental [youn s Olsl Gm UV aE 1887
Spring 205) 17} 0} ° 2) 12 7 0} 0} 867)N. 2 2 &E. |.18 337
246. Summer | 48) 12) 2) 3) 8] 0} 0} 0} 767)N. 15 13 E. |.06 276
Bellin- Autumn | 59) 26] 1) 12) | 1] 0| 0} 663)N. 23 56 E. |.083 273
zona. Winter 136) 20) I} 4 gi <0} 0} 0} 708IN. ¥ 21 EY }.16 271
The year! = Bee ee Pep ae eal essa | teca Hig aed TUS oy eal) 1157
| Spring 34 10 1 6 MO} Ale 7PM GG INS Seen LoS 153
247. isnenner 20 a Gl 4a 6] 132)N. 13 7 W.?/.083 93
Mowaiisio: | Autumn 19 7 5 1 0 0; +O 3 1)N.18 37 E.?}.744 60
Winter 35} 12) 2) 2) 2) 2! 10! 20) 391)N.14 30 W.|.114 180
pL Ea 7-7 2 lec hes (ceed Moe ecco face |cec|| ose _|| oo NEG) aye ith APTN .» | 486
248. | Spring 1005 5988 280) 434/1043 5433/653} 493/4511/N, 3 13 W.!.02 |.01 | 3342
S’thwest’n | | Summer |1005/5803) 398) 284) 810/4342/713) 484/4097/N. 22 52 KE. |.08 . |.06 | 38005
Switzer- Autumn | 481/4890, 277) 376) 786'5180/231} 281/3765|s. 9 3 W. 034 .|.053 | 2670
land— Winter 693/6674| 264) 306| 787/6093\688| 343/4900|N. 6 33 W.|.014 , Rive 3530
aggregate. Dhesyeard||| cscs ||! eeo4| | canrg | eve ells eecsll oeacyl ecm eceanel NT Ged iene 12547

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 233
(Nos. 249 to 273.) e Eastern Switzerland.
Observed as follows:—
Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. vane en of Date.
ime,
yrs. mos,
Altstatten, Webrli, 3 6 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Bevers, Krattli, gl) 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Bernina, Isepponi, 2 5 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
Brusio, Leonhardi, 2 9 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
Castasegna, Garbald, 3 b) 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Chur, Killias, 4 1 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Churwalden, Brugger, 3 6 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Closters, Rieder, Bye ali 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Davos, Spengler, ik ati 1867 to 1869 inclusive.
llanz, Fohr, 1 4 December, 1864, to March, 1866, inclusive.
Julier, Gianiel, 3 2 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Marschlins, Salis, 3 9 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Reichenau, Welz, 3 3 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Remus, Porta, 2 7 1864 to 1868 inclusive.
St. Gallen, Dierauer, 2 2 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Sargans, Geel, 3 5 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Schuls, Peer, 0 6 1868 and 1869.
Sils, Caviezel, 4 0 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Splugen, Crottogini, 3 6 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Stalla, Schmid, 1 9 1864 to 1867 inclusive.
Thusis, Bunzili, 3 1 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Trogen, Rothen, 3 3 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Wildhaus, Giger, 1 5 1864 to 1866 inclusive.
Zernetz, Guidon, 3 1 1864 to 1868 inclusive.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
Dirrerevt Pornts oF THE Compass, ga influences.
= aq a
c c rer sei ma
A ey S ' Be 3
Place of Time of the dB $3 o oF 3 | Direction of | $3 =
observation, year. re rata a Faecal resultant. || Direction. 2
4183). | Salle ial ae eae ae ai 2
& RS) = |as| SES) BFS | ee Bo B | Bl
A lze| a |as| am las| FE leel6 i EM
"yl Sena 12) 31) 14; 0} 12) 32) 32) 17| 377)N. 69°48’ W.|.06
249. Summer 3} 1) 44 12) 7 54) 10) 0} 393)8. 5 44 EK. }.093
St. Gallen. Autumn 1 1j 18} 0; 2) 4 OO} O} 67/S. 82 24 H.?2).172 30
Winter 14; 16) 15) 11) 17) 163) 63) 33) 747\/S. 61 48 W.|.18 271
DN EET Go |) gce. |} coa |] 00H 6. ]f g06 I} cco |} 000 I} 0. |S, ZO <UL IB, OEE 700
Spring 3} 42) 6) 2) 4) 104) 18] 10) 92/8. 57 31 W.}.26 153
250. Summer 0} 23) 5 3) 0} 64 11) 0} 187)S. 47 11 W.?).153 92
Wisieiherey, Autumn 1} 22) 2) 3) 0} 25) 10) 0} O|S. 67 58 W.?).14 91
Winter 1; 38) 18) 10) 0} 156] 131) 18) 159|/N. 69 12 W.}.403 180
Wag WEBB! || cco |] ace |) cca |) ce |). o60 |] Goo |} coe |} G00 |] coo So VG) GEE WNVcfozZIl 516
Spring 142) 310) 0) 0} 200) 202) 70} 0) 134)/N.19 8 E. |.02 276
951. [ Summer | 127) 460} 0} 0) 121] 115} 66) 2) 200)/N. 35 50 E. |.284 276
Rta naneEne { | Autumn 83] 266] 0} 0) 160) 199) 120] 3) 204)S. 59 49 W.|.06 273
| Winter 113} 243) 0) 0) 271) 245) 204) 1) 190)8. 52 25 W.}.203 byal
The year! eco | coo |) ces |] cca] cco. |} cco |} con |] ccm, ff INlo PE TIE) Ayal OR 1096
(| Spring 1| 4) 46/0} 2! 1] 51) 4! 5/N.55 21 Ww.?l.06 123
252. | | Summer 4 3) 47) 1) 2! O} 10) 3) 15/N. 81 39 E.?).45 92
Ties + | Autumn Ay) Bi) Bil oO} 8} 2 23) O| 38. 64 O H.?}.144 91
[ Winter 21 eo) eer 0 |e 3] 2] 109) 2) 15/N. 88 39 W.|.474 180
IG EB ced |} ceo [Iveco |) deo il) eco I} coo |fcco Micce |] nee JN GES EXO Do eo 486
Spring 19| 0} 2) 24) 107) 18) 9 1) 683)5. 1 42 W.).133 277
253. Summer 23} 10} 0] 22) 23) 4! 0} 0} 750/S. 60 16 E. |.03 276
Thusis. Autumn 1 i) 2) Bal! Gail) | SEBEL © Biel 1p pile} 243
Winter 1 1} 0} 3] G64 11) 2) 2/1015)S. 5 56 W.|.063 361
The year! | ... | . o coy . cco || cos |] cco Sb 6 Bi 1s [HORS 1157
Spring 30| 65) 58) 15) 130 67 18] 2) 593/S. 23 22 E, |.124 307
; 254. | Summer 26| 79) 35) 17) 83) 46) 9 1) 629/S. 53 26 E. |.08 307
Gtanerey. Autumn 23) 99} 30) 21) 121) 59) 14) 5) 685/S. 34 27 E. |.09 334
pie | | Winter 48| 95) 39) 2) 98) 42) 31) 3) 717|/S. 64 1 H, |.043 330
| The year! ce <00 --- | «-- | «. |S. 88 54 EH. |.082 1278
1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
30 December, 1874,

234 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 255 to 267.) Eastern Switzerland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ta influences.
=e é
i = : 35 2
p A A sF iter ne a
Place of Time of 3 O28 238 £3] | Directionof |25}) %
observation, | the year. i wl eet rata petra resultant, | 4, | Direction.
Le BA | oe SA | Se os by
3 ; ; -o) 4 SA) 43 a B om 3 a2
% [AS] jas|s |ES| se |Fs| ee Zo 2 | 8
o . Cy a > ° io & “> aor ar [e) 3
A A lif) an |HE|F |AE|O fe is) z

|x
. ae orAS} tween N.& E.

Spring 28 1) 18] 17| 48] 137] 20] 536/S. 85°25/ W.|.20
Summer 27 0) 14 5| 41) 99) 40) 655|N. 77 37 W.|.17
Autumn 14 4| 49) 67) 53) 99) 11) 703)S. 41 50 W.).15
Winter 12 1} 20] 66) 198} 260} 26] 697|S. 64 22 W.|.344
The year® ||...) |\ie--|) =e coe - |S. 73 0 W204
Spring 17; 40) 7 7 36) 58) 14) 16) 771IS. 45 50 W.|.04
256. Summer 37| 43 4 2| 10} 27) 18) 16] 769|N. 14 38 W.|.053
Altstatt Autumn 10 9 2 4| 44) 43) 10 8} 843/S. 32 17 W.|.064
Spat nd iWwanter 3] 11; 0} | 28] 115) 17 5) 946\S. 48 43 W.|.12
The year!| ... | ... aes Shee .. |S. 54 15 W.).05
Spring 4 1} 385} 205) 145 0) 389 0} 110)S. 26 25 E. |.26
257. Summer 5) 1) 323] 96] 183) 1) 336) 0} 4/S. 12 35 E. |.263
Autumn 0 0} 396) 147; 118 0} 252 0| 81S. 49 29 E. }|.33
Sargans, Winter 14 3] 519) 154) 72) 0] 393] 0] 17G6)/S. 55 13 E. |.213
Thevyear’|| jars lh sxatlllitesc¥l| Ges s| veces leeseas|lewes .- |S. 8) 38 EH. |.26
Spring 100] 85) 18] 105] 304} 3y7| 25] 231] 465|N. 37 31 W.|.074
258. Summer | 146) 83] 42) 76) 151) 18} 2) 368] 560)N. 25 58 W.|.19
Marsch- Autumn 110) 57} 28) 156) 134 8 0) 141] 526)N. 89 41 E..|.063
lins. Wiuter 123) 46) 12) 126) 217) 17 6) 158] 661/S. 4 22 E. |.04
The: year fev ies <a tescl||ineeetslll een lceceg lieecstil atexes | eet] Neral mmeoamNV es COD,
Spring 44) 229) 53) 127) 19) 110} 41) 62) 543)N. 66 2 E. |.123
259 Summer 5| 373) 35) 246) 3) 47) 22) 47) 437/N. 76 34 E. |.324
h = Autumn 15) 275) 17) 270} 16) 172) 13) 43] 503/S. 68 40 E. |.19
Chur. Winter 19| 216] 9] 284} 6] 145] 12) 63] 923/S..65 25 E. |.132
The year!| ... | ... Sales ecco. |) cco |) cop |) cao |] non NG EE Ges lon [Elie
Spring 24) 55 3) 220) 35) 268} 0) 317| 472/S. 66 43 W.|.17
260. Summer 43} 114; 1) 102) 18! 112) 1) 227) 473)N. 37 9 W.|.13
Chur- Autumn 15} 41 0} 265) 17} 270 0} 123) 448/5. 13 6 W.|.23
walden. Winter 5} 14) 1) 146) 24) 336) 5] 194) 69415. 51 20 W.).24
Dhesyearl | eee. eesti) ea eee eee Flcsets|| ae [fesse (Ss 4 43. Wie ele:
Spring 0} 292) 8} 1 3} 106 6) 4} 627|N. 45 11 E. |.18
261. Summer 1) 158 2 8 1; 74; 10) 13) 665)N. 37 15 E. |.083
Casta- Autumn 0| 207 5 4 1) 22 3 2| GO1|N. 46 16 E. |.22
segna. [ Winter 14| 379 6} 4 2 4 3) 3) 671/N. 43 51 E. |.37
The year! | co.) )) cee ||) ceerlli eel aesiel||send| Weeets | leeel| eee] NauetoueeLG gee aal eo
Spring 284) 25) 77) 269] 209} 6] 26) 194] 387|N. 73 14 E. |.083
262. Summer | 181; 8) 19) 91) 108} 4| 13) 361) 489|N. 34 20 W.|.243
Clostacs Autumn 223} 14) 42) 204) 174) 15 5| 161) 391)N. 83 15 M. |.053
Be Winter 204) 39) 123) 304) 132} 12) 7 49) 509)S. 74 12 E. |.232
AUNT EES Nee era || eee || coo | as5 |p ceo |) 5s | coo _|} cee ING iO) ey BL cah7/
Spring 10) 97; 20) 2) 4) 18) 3) 2 351)N. 49 41 E. |.19
263. Summer 6) 14s a Oly Sole abies 6) 412|N. 36 46 E. |.21
Darox Autumn 10; 96) 1 1) 1j- 33} 14) 1| 413/N. 39 46 E. |.12
Winter 6; 69) 18 0 PAR tli /| a ee. 0) 461|N. 46 23 E. |.10
he years eer ecole Pe ecco | eso Mon puleicaaeilbee
(| Spring 20/ 110] 11) 0} 36] 261] 133) 30] 560/S. 67 54 W.|.23
264 Summer 36) 86) 7 2) 79) 274) 191) 20) 587\S. 63 32 W.|.282
Ravers Autumn 12) 83 3 2) 37| 277) 109) 30] 5911S. 60 17 W.|.25
. Winter 24| 111 5} 64) 95) 194) 91) 27] 772\S. 74 54 W.|.132
PheRycarly |Wesey lle ceo lcs eee ieee Se gece htt 8S. 65 24 W.|.223
Spring 3] 16) 126 9} 41] 248] 11) 47] 463/S. 27 34 W.|.174
265. Summer 0 5| 43 1 4| 356) 42) 48) 378/58. 52 1 W.!.404
Taliee Autumn 0} 7 206) 5 1| 278] 13) §5) 472/8. 0 24 E. |.193
2 Winter 8| 47) 335) 24) 9/ 436) 2] 79) 441/S. 4 44 E. |.16
The year! | ... Soon | Pease) | eae) occa -» | - (5. 27 37 W-|.214
Spring 61; 4 0} 201) 114) 11} 0} 33) 357/S. 32 47 E. |.27
266. Summer 60] 12) 14) 109} 31| 18 0| 37) 262)S. 66 41 E. |.12
Stalla. Autumn 40 0 6} 138] 56 4 6} 28) 346/S. 37 48 E.?/.193
Winter 41 6) 11) 197) 52 4 0} 20) 333)/S. 45 36 E./.29 | .........
Thehy ear! |i! irc || ine. |) e-eul|iteget ||ibcoenll meee: t|faeeiall) (xcohi|t leet eRe Aue ena elt | reese release
Spring 179| 53!) d4\) 9g Wz) 57) D2) 58ONN 13) ASS FOL ist cases.
267. Summer 65| 105) 35 9} 30] 166) 89} 25) G17|N. 88 19 W.|.093
Sils. Autumn 43/179) 55] 21) 69] 145} 48) 20) 649/S. 85 12 E. |.024
Winter 48) 223] 123) 54) 61] 106) 19} 14! 727|N.79 5 E. |.16
Whe! year’ eres ||) see, ||| orse || cas ullPeceenl lice con lincsesllle connll beeen NUantiia co eleed Op

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 235

(Nos. 268 to 2'73.) Eastern Switzerland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE 4 Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. os influences, :
es] Bb
C al | ei) ae ee ©
Place of |Time of the Po o3 22 52 g | Directionof | 2° ©
observa- year. nis ary ays ace || ae resultant, |. | Direction. Bi
tion. a | Oe Se 4 a Gale ae og i 2
i) a ‘ s C +4 a a i) 9 s
B/AS/ 2 las] 3 |ES| BES) Bs ie a
Z\|BE| Aldo] a |a2| Flee) 6 fe |) ots
Spring 22) 1) 0} 39) 231/ 50} 30} 185] 494/S. 50° 7 W.|.02 307 |
268 f Summer 20 4 0 16) 108) 39) 28) 219 23)N. 81 5 W.).21 337
reenote 4 Autumn 13 6 4) 39) 230) 48] 33) 172) 403/S. 45 1 W.|.23 273 |
: [ Winter 16 0 1 9) 218} 50) 28) 112) 403/S. 36 45 W.|.252 271 }
WN SEE cee Mca | con | oes Hho apaliecae ate ob Be 2 Wille 1188 }
Spring 124) 234 9} 14, 0} 30 0 3) 248IN. 25 27 HE. |.372 183 |
DRG Summer | 111) 123} 0} 0) 0} 6) OO} 1| 417|N. 22 52 B. |.32° 184
Bucaina Autumn 148} 18 5 3) 0 4 0) 15) 305|N. 2 12 E. |.332 213
Winter 225) 454) 18) 25) 0] 17 6} 17) GO4/N. 31 44 E. |.452 270 |
INES) yOENEL | oc5 || xe || cca. || cos Wicca I cca |) Goa dt aco |PN5 PAD) alah Te LEY 850
Spring 250} 0 0 0} 182 0 0 0| 287) North. 234 214 #
270 | Summer 173 0 0 0} 148 0 0 0} 250) North 044 184 |
Brasio Autumn 256 0 0 0) 133 0 0 0; 254) North 19 273
= [ Winter 428 0 0 0| 74 0} 16 0} 532) North. 04 333 §
ANN s7eE | co5 {| 050. ff '060!.|| asa |} 60 25:1] 0 000 on North. -20 1004
Spring 40) a} 13) 35) 39) 37) a0) 27 518)S. 22 54 W.).033 215
271 Summer 39| 26 1} 10) 26) 27 9} 32) 290\N.41 3 W.|.08° 215
Bewius Autumn 24) 14 1) 21) 52) 17) 14) 45 3398S. 67 45 W. -063 182
Winter 49| 17 2 LO SSL ESO 221) 85) 319)N. 69 18 W.}.11 271
Me pyearlel eeeas (messy | lesen (tessa | ieee linseed |mtesed | eres .. |N. 79 29 W.|.06 883
272. Oct.&Nov.| 0| 2) 3) 0] Of Of O} 1) J77/N. 60 16 E.2/.023 61 |
Schuls. { Winter Oo} 61} 64 tO} 88} 25 0/N. 35 84 W.|.023 90
f 273. (| Spring 1275/1843) 910/1307/1868])1883)1080/1217| 9653.8. 16 36 W. -034 013} 6223
j Hastern Summer {1138/1861 664! 837)1141/1508) 984)1466) 9962/N. 36 41 W. -043 06 | 6009
Switzer-, | Autumn 1040/1407) §61)1374 1506/1682) 786) 814) 9557/S. 14 40 E. |.06 043) 5702
| land— Winter 1418) 2036/1290) 1390)1464|2309/1442) 869)12962.S. 2 12 HE. |.024 01 | 7282
feporeste. (| Phe year! | seo |) coe |) vent ll) sees ili cee | eee || sas | wee ep 8. 14 23 W.|.02 25216 |

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 274 to 304.) Luxemburg and Southern Germany.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Anspach, Bavaria, during the year 1843.

Bamberg, Bavaria, from December, 1854, to November, 1857, inclusive.

Burglengenfeld, Bavaria, during the year 1843.

Carlsruhe, Baden, during the years 1819, 1834 and 1835.

Giengen, Bavaria, during the year 1841.

Giengen on the Brenz, Bavaria (or Wurtemberg ?) during the year 1841.

Gunzenhausen, Bavaria, during the year 1843.

Hohenpeissenberg, Bavaria. (See No. 312.)

Ingolstadt, Bavaria, during the year 1781.

Issny, Wurtemberg, during the year 1841.

Titendorf, Bavaria. (See No. 311.)

Luxemburg, during the years 1855, 1856 and 1857.

Manheim, Baden, during the years 1781, 1784 and 1785, and from December, 1854, to November,
1855, inclusive ; also, for a period of years whose date is not preserved.

Wergentheim, Baden, during the year 1841.

Munich, Bavaria, during the years 1781, 1783 to 1785, 1825 to 1837, and 1843 to 1857, all inclusive.

Neustadt, Bavaria, during the first nine months of 1842 (or 1843 7).

Peissenberg, Bavaria, during the years 1781, 1783, 1784 and 1785.

Ratisbon (Regensburg), Bavaria, during the years 1783, 1784, 1785 and 1788.

Schussenreid, Wurtemberg, during the year 1841.

St. Andex, Bayaria, during the years 1781 to 1785 inclusive.

236 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 274 to 304.) Southern Germany.— Continued.
Stuttgard, Wurtemberg, for a period of one year; date not preserved.
Tegern See, Bavaria, during the years 1781, 1783, 1784 and 1785.
Treves (Trier), Prussia, during the years 1855, 1856 and 1857.
Tutlingen, Wurtemberg, during the year 1841.
Uffenheim, Bavaria, during the year 1843.
Wurtzburg, Bavaria, during the years 1781 to 1785 inclusive; also during a period of five years,
whose date is not preserved.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE
CoMPASS.

Place of Time of Z : : . ;| Direction of
observations, the year, } ; . : resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Calm or
variable

52° 40/ BE.
70
42,
32
9
66
. 87
. 79
45
89

| Spring
274. Summer
Luxem- Autumn
burg. Winter
The year®
Spring
Summer

275. Autumn

Treves. Winter
The year®

NAAANmMDMm

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DiF¥FrERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Calm or

Direction.

sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant to

tween N.& E.
tweenS. & W.
tween N. & W.

N. E. or be-
S. W. or be-
N. W. or be-

. 47° 58! W.|.343
56 07 W.l.
23 V
45

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September

|

RAnAy no

276.
Carlsruhe.!

November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year®

pa RIB The year 1444 2429 1755) |
Spring 3) F 4} 43) 299) 136] 175

279. Summer 89 407) 163
Northern Autumn | 112) 341) 79

Baden.4 Winter 64, 385} 96
The year |1976 2232 a ae

277.
Manheim.?

A AAA ARAMA

8848 4 SPR eeee5eas"s5544485

nn

|

1 Months and seasons for the years 1834 and 1835 only. 2 Years 1785 and 1855.
3 Aggregate for 14 years. 4 Nos. 276 to 278 combined.
5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 279(a) to 288.)

Place of

279(a).
Manheim.!

280.
Mergent-
heim.

281.
Tutlingen.

282,
Stuttgard.

283.
Schussen-
reid.

284,
ssny.

“985.
Wurtem-
berg.?

286.
Wurtz-
burg.3

287.
Wurtz-
burg.4

288.
Giengen.

observation,

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Time of
the year.

(| January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter.
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year

ZONE 9.

Southern Germany.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

A
32
me

é| 2
gs} 8
8} 10
9 8)
10) ut)
1} 9
11 |
10) 7
olen)
15 8}
10 6)
9 9)
11 8}
30) 27
30| 20)
34| 23)
27) 26)
121) 96)
50) 28
46; 16
15) 10
21| 31
132) 85
43| 24
38) 28
ira
19) 31
107; 95
20) 60
16) 46
10) 33
19) 24
8) 26
53) 129
4) 15
2) 12

oO} 4
13 6
19) 37
113) 113
96) 89
41) 50
61); 94
331) 406
11 8)
27| 46
5 9
7 14
28) 42
315) 468
37} 32
27) 15
10) 24
15} 30
89) 99

East.

He RB Or 09 GO BR Or OU bo 09

ae
ao.
S| 2
52 »
Np n
18} 20
12) 19
12) 16
12) 15
iil! an
11| 16)
10| 15)
13) 19|
15| 16
14| 29)
19) 22!
17) 18]
35) 42)
34| 50]
48) 60)
Aq\ 5i7|
164 209}
5) 29
8] 24
14, 39)
3) 17)
30) 109)
7] 20|
3} 10}
3) 3
@i il
13) 34
6) 16
29) 17)
i) il
0 7)
0 8
30] 33
16) 18
14, 26
21) 22
25) 30
76| 91
57| 79
26| 61
38} 71)
28| 56
155| 283]
6| 9
Wi
ii) 4A
16| 10)
ily) wil
505| 502|
6| 32
4| 20
9| 43
18| 22
37\ 117

tween S. & W.

S. W. or be-

| Yorce.

IWAN ABS INO) HM? Ist.
ze) Monsoon
2g influences.
3 Si
ie le
ag 5 | Directionof | 25
Be am resultant. og Direction.
2 )ea| ae 32
3 |r eae ae
Flee |
8) 15
12) 16
11) 21
11) 20
12) 27
12) 20
13) 24
13) 20
9; 18
9| 18
7| 16 |
8) 16
34] 68 8. 85°54’ w.|.20 | N. 231°W
38| 64 S. 72 42-w.|.26 |N.76 W
25)) 92 S. 38 6 W.|.163)S. 614 E
28] 417 S: 32 52 W.|-21 |S. 33 E
125) 231 S. 59 19 W.|.18
33} 15 N. 58 46 E, |.18
67| 20 N. 79 14 W.|.21
105) 21 S. 68 44 W.|.32
48) 12 S. 32 7 W.|.04
271) 68) . S. 89 30 W.|.11
57| 34 N. 53 36 W.|.19
89} 56 N. 50 58 W.|.49
79| 42 S. 88 10 W.|.28
83) 53 N. 80 29 W.|.55
308| 185 N. 72 21 W.|.35
51) 12 S. 35 27 E. |.07
65) 40 S. 83 8 W.|.32
58) 73 N. 83 4 W.|.56
87| 24 S. 89 59 W.|.32
59} 63 S. 87 51 W.|.57
269) 200 S. 89 26 W.|.44
10 3 S. 34 48 E. |.82
11 6 S. 22 3 W.|.48
25 3 S. 16 45 W.|.47
8 8) S. 4 33 W.|.4@
54| 15 S. 2 30 W.|.39
165) 92 S. 85 33 W.|.052
225) 155 NV. 86 37 W.}|.35
296) 90 S. 66 49 W.|.29
198) 131 S. 78 45 W.|.32
935) 480 S879) 20) Wee le22ei|\ es. -cee.
23) 16 N. 80 39 W.)|.26 | .........
76| 57 N. 49 16 W.|}.36
95) 66 N. 89 54 W.}.58
91) 62 N. 81 41 W.|.43
60) 49 N. 55 56 W.|.29
1177| 684 S. 66 25 W.|.25 |.
44) 42 N. 53 28 W.|.16
46) 72) ... IN. 75 16 W.|.48
4i| 24) ... |S. 47 10 W.|.37
45) 30 S. 62 35 W.|.26
202| 168 S. 81 8 W.|.274
|

237

Number of days.

1 This series of observations, extending through 22 years, and including the observations given (277 and 278),
was received after the results given above had been compiled and placed on the maps.
taken by Dr. Edward Weber, from 1843 to 1870 inclusive; which 22, of these years were taken is not stated.

2 Nos. 280 to 284 combined.

4 Herbipolis.

Seasons for the year 1785 only.

3 Five years without date.

The observations were

938 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 289 to 299.) Southern Germany.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

Direction
of
resultant,

Place of observations. Time of the

year. Direction.

variable,
to sum of winds.

E. or be-
tween 8S. & E.
Calm or

Ratio of resultant

tween N.& E.
tween N.& W.
Number of days.

N. W. or be-

s.
i S. W. or be-

S ie | tween 8.& W.

LUN SUE |) ss ssccoinec
37

1

> 31
18
40
59
43
25
59

9
29
20
44
53
39
16
4
30
50
46
44

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter |
The year 3] 24 Se 130
Sprin Q Q 7 5
Suiiner B | 25 15
Autumn 3| 25
Winter 27|

The year : 5 | 94

|
|

Spring 5} 8
Summer 18|
if
|
|

289. Uffenheim.

i
—

. Anspach.

meobpbs
SeAIwe

Autumn 4) 32
Winter 15)
The year | 73)
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

. Gunzenhausen.

Giengen on the
Brenz.

. Neustadt.

PEPE EEE EEEEEEEEREEE EEE

a
oe 16
ARAANANAAANMNMADANM AA LA AA

4

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. . jipasea

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of :
observa- | the year. ; | A

tion. 4
za

Direction,

variable,

A
Z

to sum of winds

Calm or
Ratio of resultant

Spring | 34 5| A N. 54° 30/ W.|.
Summer heist | | | 13) 29, N. 69 30
Autumn y 31 2) 2 N. 6 21
Winter 28 2 2 7 5. 64 16
The year } 111 34 j 2| 2: N. 56 1

294
Bamberg.

The year 277

295.
St

Spring 184) 8} 202 361 121 | | 236
Summer | 180 114 139 105] 18 11) 392
| Autumn | 130; 5) 124 260) 121) 25 34 36] 8) 204
Winter 110, 157 199) 163} 16 4) | 7 179
| The year |1402) 28/1404] 24/1932) 24/1254) 64 13 3012) 234063) 33 2261
| Spring 382) 191297} 31\1031! 14) 461) 20 10,1745 60, 16 874
| Summer | 421) 121062) 12) 734) 35] 370) 15) 283) 22 2095) 2 | 47 1015
| Autumn | 289) 15,1094) 12/1120) 65) 586) 21) 377| 25/1742 346| 33) 666
Winter 175) 10/1039] 231024) 22) 662) 31) 377) 16/1817 | | 19} 510} 26
The year |2181)128 5252/251/4816 203)/2930 2652287 /115 9341 199 4580 348

N. 734° E. |.
. 59

» 25
. 20

296.

Bavaria.! Andex.

Se eo een Oo OO

~ at
. WL
67
22

BAA A

297.
Ss. & S. W. Western

Bavaria.?

ABDANWWwWhHATRO

— me

The year | 41185} 0} 78 297 01121 0) 26
| Spring 9) 24 26| 3) 54) 5] 19] 10
| Summer | 11 82) 20, 62) 23) 20) 12
Autumn 10 5| 33] 15) 35] 22] 17| 7
| Winter | : 0} 26] 1] 50| 7 13] 5
The year 3 ‘ 647| 87,1059 107, 272, 59

298

Ingol-

stadt.
bo
wnt oe

noha SCE ieee er

299.
Peissen-
berg.3

_
is

e
i=)
ao

1 Nos. 286 to 294 combined. 2 Nos. 295 and 299 to 301 combined.
8 Months and seasons for the year 1785 only. ‘ Computed from the resultants for the »season by plotting.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 239

(Nos. 300 to 304.) Southern Germany.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF VHE au Monsoon |
Compass. as influences. | |;
| | & Re om
Place of | Time of the 4 : i | is rs - || Direction of | ° iS)
SEERA year. 3 A ica] ia] alle E Ae Mie = a resultant. 26 Direction. i 3
( B/4/8)A) elalalalsial & 2) s|A\|F le ies 28 g) 8
zlz2/2la| alalalaléjal wale] elEleleP ae Suneal
3 Spring 356] ...|1253) ...) 993) .../424) .../268) .../1715| ... 1701] .|751 344/S. 89° 39/ W.|.10
ae Summer /|400} .../1036) ...| 707 1/374) ---|204| .../2050} .../1687] ...|957 |428|/S. 83 O W.|.27
Syl Autumn /|278) ...|1070) .../1085] .../530) .../350} ...)1702) .../1556) .../621 /623/S. 65 10 W.|.14
oe Winter 160} .../1004) ...|1000) .../588) .../333)] .../1767 1701) .../453 |604/S. 54 47 W. 183
‘Ing SEAM Note" || Ges)| doo 3]) fopal| cosa ||, Ssallece ||) ceullosae|p -eco|| 0 Oot | oaoll ell | Were S. 72 57 W.|.17
Spring UB} fi by, 6) 14) 23) 19) 23) 4) 4 3 5} 11/104) 20) N. 34 31 W.|.26
a. Summer 14; 5 7 1) 16) 31) 29) 12) 12) 8) 13) 4! 52) 24) 38) 10) S. 84 18 W.|.16
5 o3 Autumn 4 6) 10) 2) 25) 54) 37) 4) 8 O 7| 10} 55) 11) 28) 4 5S. 30 25 E. |.10
O20 Winter eh) Il 7 5 4 17) 42) 22) 28) 6) 24) 3) 386) 12) 44) 21 8. 47 22 W.|.20
> The year |630} 48} 239] 41) 210/153)/605|/192/594| 36) 279| 25) 238) 69|/827|271) N. 33 29 W.!.06
=¢ (| Spring BH] coall SSI] yooe|| BEI cal) ZBI cell Gl “al! 10) 24) ...| 84] ., N. 1 34 ©. |.293
oa Summer 24)... BN cost LB seal] SHYL ceol 12 62) .../124 N. 56 19 W.}.52
aa #0 Autumn TSH ool! 1G cecal! TSH Saal]! (24) ool ala 27 76 45 8. 76 3 W.|.21
2 || Winter BW lh) GM) gsi] S24] acl) Ga) Geol} | TL 10 25) ...| 44 N. 46 57 EB. |.283
mae The year |408! ...| 559) ...| 493) .../663) ...|118 897 737 896 N. 27 20 W.!}.15
een Spring UG cos )) cool) 2.314) cof) Gaal! 21S} 3 98 9 N. 84 04 E. |.10 92
as Summer 22) ... (Oh ccel] XS 8] ...| 23 4 117 16 N. &7 21 W.|.15 0 92 |
Sas Autumn 26) re ©) cool} MNO! sool) Wt con] = 3 102, 14 N. 10 39 E. |.07 91 4
O59 Winter Vill 050 TN Goal! ZEN cool! BRAT Gaol) 24 5 105} 8 8S. 19 15 W.|.15 . | 904
A || The year | 71) ... 1) ...| 405) ...) 57] ...| 66 15 422 47 S. 58 53 W.|.02 po OSB.C06 -» |O6D |
a Spring BH coal] Sk8I} acal) IGG So0) PLN) seolf ING 13 122 93 N. 20 10 E. |.16 | N. 62° KE. |.134
gs Summer 46) ... 5) geal] BIS) cool} BEI} naa]! 28) 16 179 140 N. 62 51 W.).323| N. 75 W.|.234
BS S Autumn ANS ol!) AUB cool] AEG! Sool! ADH Ceol] ales 30} ...| 178} ...| 59 N. 83 22 W.|.10 |S. 252 W.|.082
oo 3 & || Winter 41) ...| 60) ...) 110) ...| 97) ...]-25] ...] 15] ...| 130) ...] 52] ...|... JN. 69 52 E. |.09 |S. 694 B. |.152|
ma l The year |510) 0} 624185) 898) 78/720) 51)184)246) 412/297/1159)112/943) 26) 29|N. 54 7 W.!.09

2 Nos. 298, 302 and 303 combined. % Computed from the resultants for the seasons. |

} ' Months and seasons for the year 1785 only.

(Nos. 305 to 310.) Northern Italy.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Milan, during a period of 89 years, from 1763 to 1851 inclusive.
Padua, during the years 1781, 1783, 1784 and 1785,

Turin, during the month of August, 1857.

Udine, during the years 1803 to 1842 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENOE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
Points OF THE ComPASs. oa :
£3 Z
5 I E as ge 3
Place of Time of 33 og oe) 53 S Direction of os
H observation. | the year. LZ Far Bui be Aire) resultant. sa Ps
a |) Se 2 Sel a A s “g | oS Be 8
B|Fe| 2 ]ae| 3 )es) & Fs | ee =e 5
2 |2i| 8 |a2) a |e] & |ee|S re %
305 Darear te | = ae a Wine tt
Turin } August 0 13 3 4 0 7 0 3 WN. 72° 48/ E.?) .35 40
Spring 5388; ... | 9715] ... | 4297) ... | 6578 N. 70 49 HE. } .13 7974
306 f Summer A991) ... | 9706) ... | 5014 ... | 6433 8. 89 36 HE. | .123 8004
Milan y Autumn 5544) ... | 9271) ... | 3962) ... | 6856 N. 56 47 E.} .11 7795
s | Winter 5517) ... | 6811] ... | 3672) ... |10129 N. 60 55 W.| .143 7852
The year |21440 ... |85503) ... 16945) 299.9 6 eters soa NG WAL 11d |) KOE: 31625
307 £308. \| phe year | 1180 588 | 577| 325 | 355) 389 | G16| 569] 239 |N. 4 53 W.| .24 1461
| Spring 2276) ... | 3633) ... | 4043) ... | 2031 S. 14 12 E. | .20 3680
309 | Summer 2798) ... | 3193) ... | 8657) «.. | 2350 8. 44 28 E. | .10 3680
Udine | Autumn 3684 ... | 4545) ... | 2704) ... | 1167 N. 67 36 E. | .21 3640
4 | Winter CS cen |] BB poo || ANIME cee veal N. 54 24 H. | .49 3610
| The year feo) --- |16844) ... |11591| ... | 6259 N. 79 35 EH. | -20 14610
310. a ,
Venetia. }| The year |... | N. 33 10 E. | .16}

1 Computed from the resultants at Padua and Udine by plotting.

240 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 311 to 340.) Austrian Empire.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Adelsbery, Illyria, during the years 1850 and 1851.
Althofen, Hungary, during the years 1850 and 1851.
Botzen, Tyrol, during the year 1851.
Brunn, Moravia, during the years 1848 to 1851 inclusive.
Buda, Hungary, during the years 1782 to 1785, and by Meyer, 1842 to 1844, both inclusive.
Czaslau, Bohemia, during the year 1848.
Debreczin, Hungary, during the years 1854 to 1858 inclusive.
Deutschbrod, Bohemia, during the years 1848, 1849 and 1850.
Funfkirchen, Hungary, during the years 1819 to 1832 inclusive.
Graetz, Styria, during the years 1837 to 1845 inclusive,
Hermannstadt, Transylvania, during the year 1851.
Hohenpeissenberg,' Bavaria, during the years 1846 to 1850 inclusive
Ittendorf;! Bavaria, from December, 1854, to November, 1857, inclusive.
Klagenfurth, Ulyria, during the years 1848 to 1851 inclusive, and ten months of 1855.
Kremsmunster, Austria, during the years 1802 to 1851, and 1855 to 1857 both inclusive.
Lemberg, Galicia, during the years 1854 to 1858 inclusive.
Obir, Illyria, during the years 1866 to 1868 inclusive.
Olmutz, Moravia, during the year 1850, except October and November.
Ofen. (See Buda.)
Pilsen, Bohemia, during an aggregate period of 29 months in the years 1848, 1849 and 1850.
Sagritz, Austria, from June, 1848, to December, 1850, inclusive.
St. Paul, Illyria, during an aggregate period of 18 months in the years 1848 and 1850.
St. Peter, Austria, from May, 1850, to December, 1851, inclusive.
Salzburg, during the years 1847 to 1852 inclusive.
San Lorenzo, Illyria, during the year 1851.
Selau, Bohemia, during the years 1848 and 1849.
Stanislau, Galicia, during the year 1851.
Steuwbenbach, Bohemia, from December, 1848, to December, 1850, inclusive.
Trieste, Illyria, during the years 1841 to 1850 inclusive.
Vienna, Austria, from January, 1798, to November, 1851, and from December, 1854, to May,
1856, both inclusive.
Wartburg, Hungary, during the years 1823 to 1827.
Winterberg, Bohemia, from April, 1848, to December, 1850, inclusive.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE £
influences,

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

|

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation, year.

Direction.

tween N.& E.

S. E. or be-

tween S, & E.

tween 8. & W.

tween N.& W,
variable.

Ratio of resultant
tosum of winds.

Number of days,

N. E. or be-

5. W. or be-
| N. W. or be-

Calm or

Spring

Summer
| Autumn
Winter

The year
Spring

Summer 290
Autumn 223
Winter 185
The year? | ... |...
Spring 10
Summer int
Autumn 6
Winter 5
The year?

- 673°R,
644 W.|.
Ittendorf.! 85 E.

AMAA Anny

40
28

PURDRARRARAA AA

1 Hohenpeissenberg and Ittendorf should have been included in the chapter on Southern Germany, Nos.
to 304, 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 241

(Nos. 314 to 318.) Austrian Empire.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DirFERENY POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ag influences.
6a a
A gj A iE Ae ig
Place and Time of 24 Ae} £2 328 g | Direction of | 2S ra
kind of the year. ae a5 Ba be |. | resultant, |<< | Direction. 3
observations. a Ws, Sew sal Sea @ |on || SS Se 4 3
Z|2e|] A las| nm las] & AelO Fa BH | 2
Spring 121} 319} 132) 168) 192) 372 318| 180} 22/8. 66°41/ W.|.14 | N. 85° E. .063 | 828
314 | Summer 125} 331) 135) 117) 105) 362) 402) 215) 20|N. 79 21 W.|.20 | N. 03 E. |.09$| 828
Tyrol.! Autumn 79| 283} 134) 168) 149} 393 400) 172) 42/8. 67 18 W.}-204|S. 20 E. |.02 | 819
yhOr [ Winter 97) 218) 111) 144) 146) 509) 406) 137) 27/8. 62 21 W.}.31 |S. 474 W.|.11 | 812
The year | 422/1151) 512) 597) 592/1636)1526| 704) 111/S. 73 2 W.|.21 | ......... s- |8287
Spring 29; 28 1; 29) 49 1 1 4 5|S. 63 11 HE. }.28
84 Summer 25) 17) 7 21) 90) 11) 28; 18) 5/8. 13 6 W.].29
= 8 )| Autumn 31) 27) 2 24) 61) 11) 20) 16) 3/8. 2 25 W.)-125
BE Winter 26) 28) 3) 1 iO) By Sy) Ng BH) TL, |G
S The year | ... odo coo || ceo. | n60 |} cal!) ceo [No (GY (SRA 15h obs}
3 3 {| Spring 44, 4) 9] 3| 17] 19) 41) 19| 3|N. 62 49 W.|.38
& 8g | | Summer 35, 2) Of 1) 9} 22) 48] 30) OIN. 68 37 W.|.602
nies Autumn 44 1 4 1; 10) 33) 45] 23 ON. 71 13 W.).52
3 | ee || Winter 36} 2) 5) 0; 4 10; 14) 27) OjN. 36 37 W.).58
im © [U) Wee yEQP |} cco |] cee |] con |] cee |] cco |} con |] ceo |} con |] oo [NO BD 2) Wyo ate
S (| Spring 73) 32) 10) 32) 66) 20) 42) 23) 8/N. 62 0 W.|.06
S Summer 6G; 19) 7 22) 99) 33) 76) 49) S/S. 72 45 W.).28
2 Autumn 75) 28} 6] 25) 71) 44) 65) 39) 6/N. 88 9 W.|.222
ao Winter 62} 30] 8) 1) 5} 10) 19) 40) 4/N.13 55 W.|.57
< The year? | ... | ... d60 os Seee acon athe . |N. 53 0 W.).21 oot 944
> f| spring 4 32) Wy 1 7 15) 2) 22) - ON. 38 37 E. |.13
8.5 Summer 17) 63) 10) 27) 5 9| 2) 17) 39/N. 51 0 E. |.36
= 8 {| Autumn SAO NG OG i 7) | ONS) 2UING 67. 7, He Ae
RE Winter 19} 23) 2) 6 2} 10} 7 40) JI/N. 25 10 E. |.53
K [ Wns) EE? | cca |) 6 |!) 900} 050 co || o0._|| 000 . |N. 45 4 E. |.34
3 4 (| Spring 14, 3) «9 42) 35) 34) 44) 13) ... |S. 29 52 W.|.38
| 8 || Summer 28) 8) 2) Ji) 49) 36) 89) 29) ... |S. 76 47 W.|.49
3482) Autumn Aj| 9) 9) 31) 75) 19) 43) 12) ... |S. 29 40 W.}.23
2 | st 2 | | Winter | 0) 22) 7) 8) 26) 27), 15). IS! 63) 7 wi.|229
3 © {LW sreBT? |) cco | coo |) nea} eco |} cea!) ogo |} cod |) 060 |} coe IS Be} PE AnvcleePA
| @ (| Spring 18] 35) 10) 61) 42) 50) 46) 35) 108. 28 1 W.).193
S Summer 45) 71) 12) 38) 54) 45) 91) 46) 59/N. 77 13 W.}.15$
2 Autumn 81] 59} 15) 87) 76) 26) 43) 20) 22)N. 65 58 EH. }|.11
a Winter 26| 23) 24) 13) 11) 36) 34) 55) 12)N.54 1 W.).26
< ANE WEE || coo | cea |} cee] cco |} bee |) ceo |! 60d |) coo |] ton Sb ES BG WiyclAOE) |] con concco ..- | 610
January ay dL 1 5 1 7 8 5
February il 0 1 0 1 8 8 9
March -4 4 1 1 2) 11) 4) 4
April 2 3 2 1 3 9 5 5
May A 6| 4
June 3) A al BA BT lg B.S
July Ay | OBB} aa 6 6
BI | |\Sepiever| 3) 3) 2| i] a 13) @| 2
ae eptember 1 6
Et October |, 6| 4-2) 3 2] 6) 5). 3
Novena By, BA OP al a ao
December} 11; 0; 0; Of 3) ZW 5) 5
Spring 10; 10) 4) 4 7 29) 15) i3 S. 82 28 W.|.34
Summer 9 3 2 6; 10; 33) 18) 11 8. 65 23 W.).22
Autumn ie gl AN BB XG UG) aL S. 81 19 W.|.33
Winter Wey), AB By PE Nat) N. 83 25 W.).49
l Wine) EE |\o00 |! ceo tt cca. || cco | css |) e0a I} ben S. 81 24 W.|.40 n0}900000 ..- |1096
4 Spring 18) 33) 36) 34) 17| 88) 117] 70} 12/5. 85 7 W.|.344
og Summer 13} 32] 32) 34) 10 73} 89) 37) 21/8. 74 50 W. pearl
= a) | Autumn 11; 21) 40) 26) 10} 61) 103) 39) 9S. 79 48 W.).42
& aE Winter 18} 17) 25) 29) 14) 78) 105) 50 5/S. 81 30 W.|.41
= The year | ... dc S. 80 14 W.|.333
& 4 {| Spring 35, 1] 7 5) 12) 52) 55) 24) 1)N. 89 47 W.| 51
3 | 8% || Summer 19} 5) 16) 4 12) 41) 30) 38) OjN. 84 58 W.).38%
432 4) Autumn 39) 2) 7 9} 39) 39) 33) 17) 1/8. 70 28 W.}.33
|S 2 || Winter, | 28) 1/ 2 4) 11) 13) 29; 8] S5)N. 73 31 W.|.394
fe ° MHS FORE | cos | deo |} coc || con |} cca | aca YP con | nea |] on [PN tS}. Gy Wate |-395
= | 3 (| Spring 53| 34] 43) 39) 29) 140) 172) 94) 13/8. 87. 9 W.|.39
ee est Summer 32) 37) 48) 38) 22) 114) 119) 75) 21/8. 83 0 W.|.30
2 Autumn 50| 23) 47) 35) 49) 100) 136] 56] 10/8. 76 18 W.).30
4 Winter 46| 18} 27} 33) 25) 91) 134) 58} 5/S. 85 48 W.|.4023
< The year? soc 09 chs || cco. |} odo. Sb 8} PAS VAS CBYEN ” posoccn -- |1766
' Nos. 311 to 313 combined. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

31 December, 1874,

(|

(Nos. 319 to 525.)

Place and
kind of
observations. |
|

Surface
wind

if
319.
St. Paul.
l
320. |
Northern 4
Illyria. !
f|
321. i
Trieste. f
|
fen [
3
aes j
a
.|an
pe |
2 a
Sl She
sy ee)
< So
oi 3 t
3
tof |
ae
i-T9)
a0
LiL
3224.
San
Lorenzo. | |
U|
323. f
Southern
Illyria.?
|
L
|

po 2,
=] n
| are
is 7 5,2
nD Ss
e _
x ro)
S :
oO o
2
3
D0)
)
~
0)
80
Ll <q
|
8
3
Sa
=| SE
zlin
n
eM
dled
n faM=)
H)soa
o = oO
mS
to)
; Cy
a] o
Or) it)
3]
-
5)
0)
l <

| Time of the

year,

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn

| Winter

The yeart
Spring
Summer

| Autumn

Winter
The year
Spriug
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

| The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring

| Summer
| Autumn
Winter

The year
Spring
Summer

| Autumn

Winter
The year

| Spring

Summer

|} Autumn

Winter

| The year?

Spring

| Summer

Autumn
Winter
The year

| Spring

Summer
Autumn

Winter

The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Austrian Empire.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

North.

2634
2232
2211
1981

9058}

e
emia
At io}
Ta al
10; 2
1 4
6 16
122} 83
140, 90
Te Gs
io dt
65) 1459
60| 1334
69| 1631
133| 1894
57| 23
52| 387
54) 27
69| 49
232) 136
35 80
ZA)
39/ 99
48] 111
166| 377
95| 108
93| 124
93| 126
117, 160
398] 513
0 0
1 3
1 8
2 3
4) 14
160) 1562
154) 1461
163) 1765
252) 2057
729| 6845
60\ 439
91) 445
56) 419
34) 408
241) 1711
rl eats
0 9
0 6
0) 5
61) 457
91} 454
56) 425
34| 413
242) 1749
21) 4684
25| 3238
12) 4888
22| 4677
8017487
5| 18
7s 4
3] 36
10| 45
26) 4702
32] 3252
15) 4924
32| 4722
105 17600

E. or be-
tween S. & E.

5.

wre

50
20
28
9
107)

564
2232
51
21
27

4

698
558
511
568
2335

e3
£5
E Be
S24) «| Direction of 33
ee 5 resultant. |se
g Fess 2:
E Inzl6 ee
13] 7] 10)S. 15°58’ E. |.43
14) 5) 7S. 11 51 E, |.48
4, 0) 4/S. 6 8 E. }.57
2) 4| 8/8. 23 19 E. |.43
sce Ul yees|) Reals: 13) (SOMES ARAB
288/172) 41/S. 65 39 W.|.21
318/186) 72/S. 68 7 W.|.23
263/127) 42|S. 67, 37 W.|.163
210/176) 29|N. 71 17 W.|.284
-- | .-| [8.79 53 W.|.21
618] 19] 51/S. 83 17 E. |.252
815] 18) $5/S. 74 5 E. |.164
425| 13| 51/S. 80 20 E. |.38
255) 7) 78|N. 79 15 E. |.52
Bell tert) Gea See Our eolbealsos
25| 7) 35|N. 43 19 E. |.10$
12) 8) 52/N. 67 ~9 E. |.3
6| 9 53\N. 67 53 E. |.283
5] 5] 13|N. 70 17 E. |.474
48] 29/153|N. 65 24 EB. |.284
75| 38) Q9/S. 18 18 E. |.034
62} 4] 17/N. 81 21 E. |.11
37] 8/168. 74 11 E, |.23
27| 9) 4|N.79 53 E. |.45
201) 24) 46/S. 89 9 EH. |.19
100} 10) 44\N. 70 53 TE. |.04
74| 12) 69/N. 69 42 E. |.182
43] 17| 69/N. 88 39 E, |.24
2] 14) 17|N. 75 34 E. |.46
249] 53/199|N. 77 36 E. |.23
23 16} 1S. 72 30 W.|.743
4) 18) O|S. 39 35 W.|.494
9} 6] 3/S. 23 51 W.|.49
19} 14) 9\S. 68 31 W.|.563
55| 54) 13/8. 54 18 W.|.54
741| 45) 96/S. 81 51 E. |.21
893| 48154/S. 74 54 E. |.154
477| 36/123/S. 79 25 E. |.354
306 35 104.N. 79 10 E, |.49
2417 ee 44778. 87 50 E. |.293
439) 52, 65/8, 85 20 W.).08
361 20 86|S. 43 25 E. |.082
414| 39) 37|S. 12 50 E. |.10
427! 59| 37|/S. 2 45 W.|.11
1641)173 225s . 10 42 E, |.09
924) 17 als. 82 58 W.|.66
247) 3) 8S. 87 26 W.|.84
121] 2) 2's. 84 51 W.|.67
101} 2) OS. 88 58 W.|.85
os .|S. 86 18 W.|-754
663) 6 73.8. 52 35 W.|.13
608) Bal od §. 42 29 W.!.08
535| 34, 39S, 20 40 W.|.10
528) 61| 37\S. 62 59 W.).12
2334/197/243'S. 36 16 W.|.10
7250) 53] 45|N. 54 9 W.!.21
9274| 44| 35\N. 74 59 W.|.41
7643) 55| 11. N. 58 56 W.|.21
8023] 22] 50|N. 68 14 W.|-24
32190/174/141/N. 66 15 W.!.264
202} 41) 13/8. 77 59 W.|.57 °
229) 43| 13/8. 85 7 W.|.38°
203] 40) 12'S. 85 18 W.|.55
172) 25 lt 89 55 W.!.53
7452) 94| 58|N. 57 24 W.|.22
9503] 87| 48/N. 75 51 W.|.42
| 7846] 95| 23/N. 61 14 W.|.22
8195| 47| 52IN. 69 8 W.|.24
332996 323 181N. 67 47 W. 27

Monsoon
influences,

Direction.

s.79 W.l.
"S. 784 W.|.
8. 45 E. |.
N. 61 E. |,

7.|.14

Yorce.

. |.05
.|.05

1.06

Number of days.

548

4964

4TAT

2192

1 Nos. 315 to 319 combined,
3 For the years only from 1848 to 1851 combined.

2 Nos. 321 to 3224 combined.
4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 243

(Nos. 326 to 337.) Austrian Empire.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences

& E.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

¥ observation. the year. Direction,

to sum of winds,

Is. or be-

variable,
Ratio of resultant

N. KE. or be-
tween N. & BE.

Ss

tween S.

S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or
Number of days.

4| N. 53° E. |
23° |N. 81 W.|.08
|S. 81 E. |.04
|S. 25 W.|-003

| Srastene
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer

326.
Nos. 324
and 325

§ combined.!

327.
Pilsen.

328.
Steuben-
bach.

“enrew whan 7

329.
Winter-
berg.

Autumn
Winter
The year*
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

|
:
|
|
|
|
t The year!
|
!
!
|
|
|

330.
South-
western
Bohemia.?

331.
Deutsch-
brod.

Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year!
Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

WUNG Svea! | oss |) call ace |} ccc} on
Spring ; 28
Summer 7 19
Autumn 21
Winter | ¢ 50
The year F 30/4 88}
Spring 086 | 981
Summer cc w| 943
Autumn BH es ..-| 1008
Winter ocal) (te .--| 1007
The year 290) ...]2362) ...) 3939] ...
Spring j 35)2356/183) 3516)

Summer : 17/1629) 90} 2520
Autumn | é 19/2398/173] 3883
Winter 42/2457/188] 3967
The year 112 634/13886
11 21
66
31
30
25
23
5
31
29
40
39
45

;
RNRAALAARANAATANARM ARMADA AAA AAA

332.
Selau.

333.
Czaslau.

> ee ir 3 4
HIRATA wraw wooo

An tA Tah on

334.
South-
eastern

Bohemia.

335.
Graetz.

| Bate
Vienna.

? be

January 10
| February 63
March 15

April 46
May 51

June 13

ee er
Es ugus' 1

Schonthal. Se aignnliee 3]

October 13

November 19

| December 13

EE ae :
¢ T > Oy

337.

THO STs PWR RE Pe

.|.30

' Resultants combined by plotting. 2 Nos. 327 to 329 combined.
3 Nos. 331 to 333 combined. 4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

$e: =

244 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 338 to 345.) Austrian Empire.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, ea influences,
= = es = —— fa a
| | oe i cE | alee ae =
Place and | Time of the ox | 32 3 |32] | Direction of | 2% S
kind of year. a Sena Hoy bp | oe resultant. |< | Direction. 3
observations. ; |° 5 = || © zi 5 23 , 5
os Ale é - 8 S18 rey i on o 2
|) (AS) 2 las) S leave eens = z| &
1 45) ie eS | C4 siz io} .. iS Sirs a > Sc ie) 5
Z|45| A |ns] a |ns| F |AS]O oo a
(| Spring 35) 35) 10) 77) 19) 30) 30) 118} I7|N. 56°52/ W.|.163
S.¢ || Summer 29) 38) 8) 43) 22) 47) 16) 155) 12)N. 49 32 W.|.33
64) Autumn 31} 27) 4| 71) 19) 47) 40) 112) 14)N. 71 16 W.}.23
Ze || Winter | 21) 22) 12) 83) 20) 35) 29) 130 CUNERGY Geo) OWS
: {| The year | 116 122) 34) 274) 80) 159) 115 515) 52.N.57 1 W.'.225
z a {| Spring 15 3} 8} 11) 21) 5) 55) 50 ON. 75 8 W.!.47
2 | = || Summer AL LG ees Of ale 7) eres 7| 53) 62) O|\N. 62 2 W.!.503
Aye {| Autumn | 10) 2) 8) 28; 27) 14) 25) 28) OS. 45 0 W.|.25
|= || Winter | 21) 3) 6 8 12) 4) 20) 4ol O|N. 50 22 W.|.43
$3 Cosa EU WY cy be ted reg ec | econ eecon |} Ga5.\| cee || ct lj cco || ceo. Ni WA ay WAYS LEH
@ {| Spring | 50) 38) 18} 88) 40| 35) 85) 168) 17\N. 60 30 W.|.26
&, || Summer | 41 44 18) 60) 25) 54) 69) 217) 12,N.53 30 W.|.374
2 {| Autumn 41; 29) 12! 99) 46) 61) 65| 140) 14)N. 89 17 W.}).21
bo | | Winter 42) 25) 18) 91) 32) 39) 49) 170) 9|N. 59 57 W.!.233
< |) The year? |... | -.. D a9) Il 22 N. 63 30 W.).26
fie | Spring Gy MA 7) 0) SekO | eeu 3); 25) JN. 27 12 W.|.103
od [ Summer 5| 14 6} 3} 12) 12 9) 22 9|N. 62 25 W.|.183
= 54) Autumn 4) 3} Of 0} 2) 0} 914) OWNS 311-25 W..).68
@ = || Winter 24) 6 HY wi) 2g 6) 14) 2S. 78 40 W.|.06
e U The year? ser [ete | ate | one An e =<0 |N. 39 58 W.|.24
S| 4 f| Spring | 33) 18 11) 3) 10) 5) 34) 34) 1/N. 33 26 W./.433
g | 23S ||Summer | 1) 12) 19) 2) 1) 13) 4) 1 9|N. 83 48 W.).34
S4224| Autumn ; 7 4 8 Of] 0] 4) 13) 2) -2IN37 5 W.|-263
5 he Winter 24 12) 2) Oo] 4] | 17) 20] OjN. 25 51 W.!.60
a S* (|| Bhevyear® |) «-<-|/-ernll| escm|)ieecta |) teeeal li eeatill eeenn eee lees Nok ems aSso
Ge S (| Spring 39) 32) 18} 143] 20) 16) 37) 59 SINS 32 137) (Weleol ||) esecase co 92
Ss, Summer 16) 26) 25 5| 23) 25) 73) 33) I8/N. 78 37 W.|.28 pesos acs ate 92
2 {| Autumn | il} 7 8 1| 0} | 13) 16) 2Q/N. 33 44 W.|.44 30
bo || Winter 26; 18) 8 12) 6) 9] 23) 34) QIN. 30 0 W.).35 Sssctnere a 59
<a) | [| Dievyiear®!|| core |) s2v0| Peseu] eee (terete || ee cae ese ONC VV nr to || 278
| Spring 89} 70) 36! 101} 60) 51) 122] 227) 25)N. 50 52 W.|.27 | N.
340, Sumuier 57| 70} 43) 65) 48] 79] 142] 250) 30\N. 60 31 W.|.343} N.
Morava 4} Autumn 52} 36} 20] 100| 46] 67! 78} 156 16\N. 78 48 W. -213}5.
Winter 68| 43) 26) 103} 38] 48] 72) 204) 11)N.51 28 W.|.25 | N.
i] Whe: year? |. 221} 22]! ore | feegall teeem|| seus linecetal tesa | eset | Nai D ape Ue Wiellss2 bl nen erteee + (1765
{\ Spring 26) 49) 54) 28) 33] 131) 88) 51 |S. 66 46 W.).26 | N. 63 E. 15
541. | | Summer 19 35) 34) 23) 26) 134) 132) 57 S. 74 35 W.|.44 | N. 424 W.|.08
Wartburg. 3 | Autumn 3) 21) 38} 39) 43) 128) 150) 33 |S. 56 49 W.|.48 |S. 20 W.|.09$
| | Winter 9) 28) 31) 38] 24] 152) 127) 42 iS. 61 49 W.|.45 |S. 35 W.|.05
(| The year 57| 133) 157) 128) 126] 545) 497] 183) ... |S. 64 23 W.|.41
(| Spring 1311) ... |1380) ... | 234) ... |1265) ... .|N. 6 6 E. |.26 | N. 883 W.|}.06
342. || Summer |1321] ... /L070) ... | 279] ... {1124 .|N. 2 58 W.|.273} N. 72 W.|.10
Funfkir- {| Autumn {|1110) ... |1649) ... | 169) ... |1153 IN. 27 48 E. |.26 |S. 534 E. |.04
chen. | Winter |1167| ... |1904) ... 66) ... |1022 N. 38 42 E. |.34 | N. 854 E. |.12
DPheyear® \e.-s essen) eer |'ccsey | een] ceseall eee iliree=t|| eee Nowe) Mo Bueem eet
f Spring 215) 117] 33) 67/ 100] 107} 28) 253) ... |N. 25 28 W.|.30 aealdader os 92
343. Summer 180 110); 44) 48) 83) 104) 39] 312 N. 31 46 W.|.37 peestee oe 2
Beas {| Autumn | 163) 142) 29} 63) 105) 118) 26) 264 N. 29 10 W.|.27 so OR
| | Winter 244) 89) 29) 97/ 101) 142) 26) 182 N. 29 44 W.}.21 é os 90
L| The year |1929)1862) 504)1368)1198)2261| 598/5494) ... |N. 24 23 W.|.30
Beat Spring FZ a5 | eae a TL 5] 21) 51/N. 39 20 W.!.16
2 | | Summer 20 28; 9) 9) 6 98 8] 30) 66IN. 0 23 E. |.23)
= a4) Autumn 6 a3) Seed 7 9 6 6) 17) 97\N. 8 37 W.|.10$
gE || Winter Si) 20) 58/7 230 ed 4) 15) 62)N. 16 39 E, }|.26
a LU] The year |e | oe | see} cee fone Jones | nee | vee | oe IN. 6 23 W.|.18
2 a [ Spring 62) 25) 11 9} 35} 28) 26) 27) 53)N. 38 26 W.).173
F= a Summer 84) 31) 27) 7 24) 19) 26) 23] 33)N. 1 16 W.|.293
= 428 {| Antomn 85} 18) 20) 3] 42) 18] 18/ 18) 51|N. 9 8 W.|.20
*\} a2 || Winter 87| 33) 21) 4) 38) 9] 13] 14) 51)N.13 46 E. |.28
=i © || The year 318) 107) 79) 23) 139) 74) 83] 82) 188/N. 5 15 W.|.223
ar) & {| Spring 69) 40) 13) 13) 42) 39) 31) 48 104\N. 38 43 Wella
= || Summer | 104) 59) 36) 16) 30) 27) 34) 53) 99\N. 0 43 W-|.27
2 +} Autumn | 101} 31! 31} 10) 51) 24) 24) 35] 148/N. 4 31 W.|.16
% || Winter | 95} 53] 29] 7] 38] 10/ 17] 29) 113\N. 14 57 E. |.27
edi), [ijpdthevyearti 2.6 su! ‘oss, [lese- | Seve |/ecael| uewemel eects |imrceean | Note ueet Ini W Waele 20h
345. [ Spring 284| 157] 46} 80] 142) 146] 59] 301] 104)N. 27 49 W.|.26 |S. 764 W.|.02
Nos. 343 Summer | 284) 169} 80) G4] 113) 131] 73] 365} 99.N. 23 33 W.|.32}) N. 26 W.|.07
and 344 ; | Autunm | 264) 173) 60) 73) 156) 142) 50 299) 148/N. 23 49 W.'.23 |S. 113 E. 025
Konihingd | Winter 339) 142) 58} 104] 139] 152) 43) 211) 113.N.14 9 W.!.21 |S. 57 E. |.06
* (| The year |1171) 641) 244) 321) 550) 571] 2251176) 464.N. 22 48 W.!.26 | ......... .-. [3287
\ { ‘ | |

' Nos. 338 and 339 cou bined. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasous. 3 Computed by plotting.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 245

(Nos. 346 to 350.) Austrian Empire.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, = influences,
£48 2
ENS ee Time of the 23 Oe 23 $8) | Direction of | 23 om
pieereniiGnds see ‘ BA Pe _ | 8a Be Pe resultant. oe Direction. z
s s- ° -a| Ss 2B as |e | Sen oa a
5 |RAs) @ |e] 5 Fe] § FS ize fo Es
za |25| A |us| a |a2| F lez|S a z
(| January WE a Qa Oa OP a
| February 8 1 3 1 7 a 61 A Bh 0a
March 12 2 4 1 6 2 0 il 3 oan
April 13 ill 0 1 5 2 2 3 3 apo
May 13 1 3 2 b) 1 1 2 3 200
June 16 1 22 | neat 0 1 3 2 ed
July 1 a Bail allo all tah i,
346. aaE ee i 3 2 z 4 3 3 3 2! 260
. eptember 5 1 0 2 2, sca
Debreczin. | Octorecee till wera lme2 etoile tleeale 4 ies
November| 12 1 2 1; 10 0 1 1 2) ; vas
December| 14 1 2 1 8 1 0 1 Bilt odode coded
Spring 38 4 7 4) 16 5 ¢ 6 9|N. 4° 42’ B.
Summer 38 5 6 5} 11 5 8 8 6)N. 8 3 W.
Autumn Bui) BB A a Ng 28} ale) Tob
Winter 33 3 7 3) 24 4 1 4| JIN. 27 1 E. |
(| The year | 146] 17] 27) 15) 75] 15] 14) 929) 34|N. 6 59 BE. |
f, {| Spring 2) 5] 1) 19) 9] 99) 93] 32] T2IS. 87 23 w-2l
Sj Summer 10 7 2) 18 0 5 ato) 9|N. 33 41 W.?)
_ || Sr Autumn 2) 2) 2 36 6 5 2) 26) 11/8. 20 34 E.?}
S| aH = || Winter 8} 6] 3) 20; 5) 10) 5) 32] ijN. 56 51 w.2
& (| The year 22) 20) 8 93) 20) 29) 17] 125] 33)/N. 64 38 W.?
q a (| Spring 5 1 4 3) 15) 24) 18) 26) ... |S. 77 52 W.?
a | SS || Summer | 20) 5] 7 15) 14) 12] 20] 61) ... |N. 56 22W.?
#1624 | Autumn mail ol Gl BE IG) Till BB) 22 ISS Gi SS weal
© |. | | Winter a Sy ee BA OT as No SG) GU yale
a SCAG Rel year) e-cca|p cat ess N. 86 9 W.|.:
=| S$ (| Spring 7/6] 5 22) 24) 33) 21! 58] 19/8. 80 2 wl.
co | & ||Summer | 30/ 12) 9 33] 14] 17] 27] 96| 9|N. 49 13 W.l:
& {/ Autumn 4. 9 3, 43) 291 24) 13) 52) 11/S. 42 53 W.|.24
a | | Winter 12) 5) 6] 22) 6] 14) 14) 40) 1)/N. 57 50 w.].2:
<= [| The year? dos: | pads |lveasen ll Soci Wooa |) seo .. |N. 82 38 W.|.2¢
(| January ZA IMM PAN OPA SU GM STDIN Gye ea
February 1 Oo) i 4 6; 2 ilo) «4 Oo
March 1 2 1 6 6 4 6 5 0
April Slee ne Sie rsp lime LO | ta 5| ag
May 3 2 3 2 4 3} 10 4 0
June 4 2 3 2 3 2 8 6 0
July a a ol iil Sy al ail alg
August Wy BE Si GA a BH @
348. September] 2/ 1] 1) 3] 5/ 3] 11| 4! 0
Lemberg. October 2 2 1 4 6 4 9 2 1
November 1 il il 5 2 A 4 il
December 2 1 1 4 5 4) 10 Al dee qlee 34}
Spring il Sl i) al) a) Gh asl nal GIG We 12 Tye
Summer 7 5 7 6) 12) 8 34) 13) OjS. 86 21 W.!.:
Autumn 5 4 Sy ils} Tal Bl a) 21S. 65 31 W.!.
Winter 5 2 4; 10} 15) 12) 32) 10 O|S. 64 2 W.!.45
(| The year 24) 16) 21) 39) 54) 39) 123) 47 2S. 71 51 W.!.
(| Spring 17/ 17 2} 14) 10) 7 9) 15] aIN. 2 29 wil.
$_. | | Summer DB e2s 4 i 2) 4 Baty OWN. 18 1 &. |.4
S| Autumn | 16/ 10; 4} 38/ 3/ 9] 2 9) ols. 73 41 B. |.
SE || Winter 96) 4) 0} 14) 17) 5) i) 23] OjN. 28 51 W.!.
3 (| The year 82} 59) 10) 77) 382) 25) 15) 64 IN. 23 20 E. |.
a . {| Spring Oo} 2) 0} 10) 6) 6G) 14) 0} OS. 31 33 W.|.49
2 | So | | Summer 8} 2) 7 60} 12) 7 36) 8] «OS. 87 11 Wi].
g 33) Autumn Of 0) 2h 4) a2) 12) 0) 2) OS! 34 33 WAl63 |) vce
a | 53 || Winter a a Gh Bl Gl a Gt Gl ORCA GO WG | eee ae || 0
os © (| The year? |... |... | ... | ... x00] 05 |] cao |] coo [Sb GO BS WEED | cebccce |] co |! SHH
% | ¢ (| Spring ii) 16) A Bal nel TS) Geil TB) SSL GB Bl WMO |) ecco | ae | OB
S Summer 31; 30) 11) 11) 14) 1) 39) 25) ... IN. 31 13 W.).274 ae 92
2 | Autumn | 16] 10, 6] 42/ 15] 21) 12/ 11] ... |S. 15 48 B. |.223 ue ot
so | | Winter 26, 4} 0| 16) 17/ 7 7 29) ... |N. 48 43 W.).23 xc | 10
ime Ue Dh@ny.ear2ilivesen |decrn|| eee \lprcse sel | eseete | eeaemel [ess] Nem OO MVV ey. 09) ono |} 6X05)
[| Spring 24 24 9} 35) 30) 21) 49) 29 1S. 76 26 W.}.153| N. 89 HE. |.053
350. | | Summer 86) 34) 14) 23) 27) 22) 70) 35 2N.65 7 W.}.23$|N. 3 W.|.134
Eastern {| Autumn 21)" 12) 10) 52) 30) 33) 44) 21) OS. 41 54 w.l28 |S. 6 E. |.174
Galicia. | | Winter 31} 6| 4] 26| 32} 19) 39] 39] OS. 88 56 W.|.274|N. 65 W.!.073
HG |eDLeey eri ie-culleeescin liens |lilese |) cen! li usash ||: eeu | eee |S. 79 51 W.|.21
1 Nos. 348 and 349 combined. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

246

(Nos. 351 to 367.)
Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Astrachan, during the years 1824 to 1834, 1837, 1838, 1845 to 1850, all inclusive ; 1853 and 1857,
and also, in the Addendum to this zone, the Port of Astrachan, for the years 1845 to 1866 inclusive.
Azof (Sea of), in the months of April, May and June; date not preserved.
Charkov, by Prof. Lapschin, at the University-of Charkov, during the years 1844 to 1848 in-
clusive ; also by Mr. Morosow, during the years 1851, 52, 754, ’59, ’62, 763, 64, 766 and ’67.
Dniestrovski Tzaregradsky Znak, during the years 1865 and 1866, by Glazoff.
Ekaterinoslav, during the years 1833 to 1842 inclusive.
Gouriev, by Chevalier Kahnikoff, from October, 1828, to April, 1829, inclusive.
Kertsch, during a period of two years ; date not preserved.
Kischinev, by Denjink, from June, 1844, to June, 1854.
Orlov, by Dersken, during the years 1842 to 1854 inclusive.
Lougan, the years 1838 to 1850 inel., 1853 and 1857. Computations for the first series by Spasske.
Nijne Tchirsk, from December, 1852, to November, 1853, inclusive, and 1857.
Nikolaief, during the years 1827 to 1835 inclusive; also observed in 1865 and 1866.
Odessa, from March, 1820, to February, 1825, inclusive, and during the years 1829 and 1830.
Otchakof, during the years 1865 and 1866, by Zasabine.
Poltava, during the years 1824 to 1831, and 1836 to 1848, both inclusive, and 1857.
Taganrog, by Mann, during the years 1817 to 1832 inclusive.

Place of
observation.

{

Dol.
Kischiney.

if

352. |
Dniestrov- {
ski Znak. {

353. |
Odessa.!

| Autumn

The year

Time of
the year.

January
February
March
April
May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer

Winter

WINDS OF

Russia and Sea of Azof.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

North.

2602
1643
1441
1689
1183
1167
1312
1710
1800
1183
1867
2333
1438
1396
1617
2193
1661
48
112
114
114
388
1962
961
1305
1564
1450
2261

2248
2936)
2564
2067)

2174)
1440
2482)
2141
1699

E. or be-
tween N. & E,

N.

785

390}
581)

922
688
800
376
742
645
667
567
839
730
639
626
671
667
91
63
66
84
304
1561
1851
1284
1167
630,
370
399
617
1068
1356

1793/1494

761
1027
462
1306
1391

1940/1046

Fast.

280
154
140
300
108
211
65
237
244
376
244
215
183
171
288
216
214
97
59
81
80
317
1287
1036
1200
1498
1156
739
777
660
705
1067
1080

739|

1285
725
951

1020
995

|
|
}

E. or be-
tween 8S, & E.

outh.

5.

n

1108) 946)
/1277| 827
1075/1505
956 1522
1150 1699
644) 900
613| 656
667| 839
733)1033
1194/1301
1522/1378
817] 989
1060|1575
641| 798
/1150|1237
/1067) 921
980/1133
127| 64
100) 67
57| 77
65| 38
349] 246
$65| 992
| 745] 986
/1221|2316
'1344/2819
1218/3067
1152\2413
714/2710
/1064/2362
1154/1966
1311/2133
1149/1885
978|2457
1261|2734
977 | 2495
/1205 1995
| 86311478

1076 2175

1118
1418
1097
1011
1430
1167
548
903
1078
1677
1378
989
1179
873
1378
1175
1151
29
39
27
42
137
633
1130
716
374
882

744
1022)
730)

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

oo
is
oe |
> Gz OO
OH
~T

is
(o's)
rs
agCe
a
=I
10

378/3222
312 3430
478 4633
624 5806
462/4440
300|4167
624/2978
433|2611
656/3161
391|3443
521/4960
45 2/3252
§34/3299

475|3719| ... |
30/8.
35)N.
18\N.

12| 52
11| 66
13) 93
38| 54

1287|1413
1779|1514
926)1032
859) 374
798) 798

1283/1239) |.
1092/1597) ...
766|1106) ...

833)1026
556|1067
644) 851

804| 783) ...
861| 735) ...
1047/1314) ...

678) 981

12901237) ...

969/067, ee

variable.

bo
on
A

AAZANNNAAAANNANIAD

mn

ZAAAAAeuAAAAAaAAs

74| 265| 108\N.

THE GLOBE.

58
61
45
76
49

00
05
36

Direction of
resultant,

Ratio of resultant

PQS gh ghar see debs asadas

to sum of winds.

. 29°42/ wW.!.30 |

Monsoon
influences,
Direction,
g
5
i
S. 21° B. |.093
| N. 37 W.|}.16
8. 26 E. |.09
N. 52 E. |.05
8. 46 5. |.20
8S. 50 W.).04
N. 413 W.|.10
N. 29 W.|.10

No. of days.

217
193
217
210
217
210
217
217
210
217
210
217
644
644
637
631

2556

1 The observations at this place were first published in the Memoirs of

the Society of Rural Economy of
Southern Russia, from whence they were quoted by Wesselowski, who reduced them to parts of 10,000, and
computed the resultants.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 247

(Nos. 354 to 357.) Russia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DirrerReNtT Points of THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place and Time of
kind of the year.
observations.

Direction.

W. or be-

tween N.& W.
to sum of winds,

| S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
N.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
| Number of days.

January
February
March
April
May
June
July

354. August

September
Otchakof. Ontcnes

November
December 14
Spring 67 2 g 3/N. 66° 55/ E. |. - 21°. |. 1:
Summer | 145 Al 25 58 W.|.16 - Sl W.!}.
Autumn 163) 108 69 o 2) 18,
Winter 113) 125 42 42 &#.
The year | 516) 440 203) 239
355 Spring 431) 406 446) 679
N SReen Summer | 753) 252 320! 619
Love of 1 | Autumn | 705) 435 367| 547
shore of |) Winter | 566| 483) 455| 280] 380
The year |2455)1576) 1413/2225
Spring 111) 132 87| 129
Summer | 114; 104 40) 109
Autumn 86} 124 80) 84
Winter 81) 151 65| 87
The year |2203/2320/1277/1283)1464)1982 1136/1528
January | 490/2517/1681) 785) 8021791 1149| 785
February | 586/1819 1595) 940) 526 22151776) 543
March 419/1196 2309| 964) 665/21681659| 620
April 942/1777 2015] 802) 385)1638 1376|1065
May 447)1198 1858) 929] 660/1826 2078| 994
June 282) 829) 529|/1226| 441/2063)2981/1649
July 534) 835) 651] 728) 602/2660|/2495)1495
August 412)1763)1191| 680] 269|2140/1916]1629
September] 438)2411/1714} 955) 500/1'714)/1205/1063
October 526|1464'1684| 833) 421/2105/2048| 919
November | 440)2245)1834| 776] 327/1338|1964|1076
December | 688/1896)1792) 456] 472/1456/2008|1232
Spring ‘| 606)1390 2061! 898) -570/1877|1704| 893
Summer | 409/1142) 790) 878) 437/2288)2464/1591
Autumn | 468)2040'1744) 855) 416/1719|1739
Wiuter 588)2077/1689| 727) 600/1821/1644.
The year | 518)1662/1571| 840) 506/1926)1888 oo
Spring 2} 64) 18) 20) 13) 13) 2 141
Summer 2) 74) 28! 11) 8] 82) 53 240
Autumn 10) 63) 45) 26) 10) 71) 35 256
Winter 11; 10} 18) 29) 4 8 142
The year ano ||\ cee. ul| Xoco | |moosnllt cones fetes 200
Spring 1518/2097} 938) 596)1903)1708 10804
Summer 1290} 846] 900} 453/2452/2570 8172
Autumn 2166/1834) 907) 436/1861|1809/1073) 9432
Winter 2099/1709} 753) 658/1829/1660| 951)11378
The yeart ood soca. |I. 60) |) ‘bcd. |] 0a! I code bee acs

H
PONWromrTIwphhy Ro

=

bo
=

53
29
49
45

3
47
25

a

31 &. |.
. 864 W.|.
1334 Ee)!
N.16 W.|-

S. 654 E. |.
N. 694 W.|.
N. 71 W.|-0
S. 80 E. |.

1824 to 1831, and 1836 to 1848.

357. Poltava.

Sgn ghh ah ame dager geese Se

1850 and
1857

N.
IN.
N.
IS.
N.
N.
N.
N.
s/N.
N.
N.
03|N.
N.
SINE
aise
3 IS
. |N.
5 (Se
mice
nSs
. IN.
. |X.
als:
. IN.
. |N.
= ss
. |S.
. |N.
. |N.
N.
N.
N.
S.
N.
N.
s.
SL

a Pa

SS NS

Aggregate.3

! Observed at Dniestrovski, Odessa and Otchakof, using only one-fifth of the numbers for Odessa (No. 353),
in order to give them their proper weight.

2 Seasons for the years 1865 and 1866 only.

3 Allowing for calms for the entire period in the same proportion as in the years 1850 and 2857.

4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

248 WINDS OF THE GLOBE,

(Nos. 358 to 362.) Russia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Place of Time of the
observation. | year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

tween N. & E.

tween S. & E,
variable,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

Calm or

S. W. or be-
tween 8S.& W.

S. E. or be-

fo)
n

January 26 1893)1703/2712 1120)
| February | 366 989/2234/1282) 3326 1154
March 302 1: 836} 1773) 31941288
April : 1772)2561|1544) 930) 579
| May 9/2680 1912/1066 1175 1630
ere 395) 433/1898| 883 1203/1710.2481) 996
| July 330} 630/1713] 866|1083|1437/2854| 787
August : 3/1985] 717) 625/1801/3809
September] 476] 575/2242)1310 1607) 893 2381
October 2 2072)12501447| 9541891
November} 6 5 1018|1593/1093 1722130 1907)
December | 388 1164/1834)1869 1217 1481 1358
Spring 31) 933/1763/2082)1935|1131| 853|
Summer 56) 5141865) 822) 970|1649/2881
Autumn 942}1969 1218 1592] 992 20¢0)

. 30° 14/E.
11 38
20 50
50 28
36 14
43 48
56 58
66

358.
Ekateri-
noslav

at
- G9L°R.
. 724 W. 1.2
| .21 W.!.
Winter 3) 965)1987|1618)2085)1252)1050 j
The year 32) 839,1896)1435)1645)1256)1711
(| January ... [4849] ... /2261) ... |1106
February |1123) ... |3644| ... |3616) ... |1617
March Q| ... |B151| ... (8449) ... 1687
April 2) ... ]8480] ... |4021) ... [1417
May 32) ... |8451| ... |4257) ... 1/1360
| June 250) ..2 \2344 --- |4427| ... 1979
| July +» |2035] ... |3871) ... |1861
August BAG) - JAD OG --s (2OBo econLeMGi) cae
September|1790| ... |4211! ... |2421) ... |1577|
October 1105) ... 4395) ++ (3188) ... |1311
November 1508) ... 14286] ... |2910] ... 1296
December |1766| ... |3383] --- |2935] ... |1916
Spring 1242) ... |3361) --- |8909] ... |1488
Summer (1710) ... |2962| ... |3644) ... |1685
Autumn /1468| ... /4297| .-- |2840] ... |1395
Winter [1558] ... |3959) --- |2937| ... |1546
| The year |1494) ... |3645) ... |3332) ... |1529

bet Eh Et dad tt at et tt td td dd tt bt

| The year | 11) 7 14) -6) 10) 15) 22)- 15

January 269) 591 2527|1505| 430]1022!123712419
February | 176) 4121765,2177| 706)1353/1823 1588
| March 376 645 2581/2043) 484) 807/12901774
| April 111 611 1556/2000! 556/1056)1444 2666
May 269| 968 1774|1452) 484 1075|1720}2258
June 278 611| 833] 944) 444/1167/2111/3611)
July 430 807 1290|1129| 376 753) 2204 3011)

361. August 269 1613 2 a 1613) 269) 645 1022 2365
Charkov, September| 667 )1278)/2278|1555) 222) 889)1167\1944
184443. October 430 914) ae 1882) 430|/1022/1720)1720
November| 278) 556|1778)2 2389) 444) 9441556)2055
December | 269 968/1882/2097| 538/1021 1129/2096
Spring 252) "741 |1970)1832) 508) 979)1485|2232
Summer 326 1010, 1442/1229) 363] 855/1779|2996
Autumn 458 916) 1979|1942) 365) 952)1481|1906
Winter 238 657| 2058/1926) 558 1132/1: 396) 2034
The year al ies 1732} 449} 9801535 2292

dei gnhanenaddanas 4

ARAANANAAAAAAZNANA A RANAMNANMMAN AMMAN DNA n Annet te
Sree eee a

Charkov,

361(a).
L See Addendum at the end of this Zone.
1844-67.

Sea of 4| May | 7 |N. 4°27/.

362, {|i
Azof. June

HIS IM ILI IS) 155° YACO)IN 18, Bos IAN UNE, Ziv UNO) Maye oye 249

(Nos. 368 to 366.) Russia.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. IL) influences. }
es a
a Bl male | | ee ge S|
Place and Time of 2s 33 83 £3 ¢ | Direction of | 2S al
pinwol the year. 2B Bu Bin Be xB resultant. Se Direction. i ]
: if és |) Ss ‘ ell st eel a6: poe a a 5 t
A|A5| A |ws| wm |HE| F IAE| oO | 64 BH] 2d
January 874)1110) 3808) 805)1163) 516) 919) 805 N. 87°49/. .33 496 |
February |1072)1015| 3846) 614)1227| 393) 966) 867 IN. 81 43 E. |.32 | 452 |
March 610/1128) 4042) 927)1097| 804) 842) 549 iS. 81 55 EH. |.37 | 496 j
April 503} 724) 3351)1141/1385| 842)1424) 629 5S. 59 1 E. |.26 | 480 |
May 331] 422| 2922/1220/1845| $89)1559| 813] ... |S. 31 51 E. |.25 496
June 570} 408) 2018] 655/1741/1195|2357/1055 - |S. 39 3 W.).184 | 480 |
July 693} 567) 1920] 843)1137| 941/3080) 919 8S. 69 37 W.).21 | 496
363. August 893] 793) 2918] 885)1201|1016|1570) 724 5S. 66 9 I. |.14 496
Tagan- September] 933) 689} 3802) 620) 933) 482/1798) 742 N. 83 38 LE. |.21 | 480
rog. October 700} 809) 4568) 848) 910} 335|/1315| 514 5S. 88 20 E. |.38 496
November] 856/1033| 3845} 865)1167| 529) 982) 722 5S. 89 0 E. |-33 480
December| 819)1041| 4578) 787) 898] 429] 978! 469) ... 'N. 88 18 I. |424 +» | 496 |
Spring 187) 294) 1337) 427) 563) 329] 497) 259) 524/S. GO 55 BE. |.24 |S. 95° B. |.114 11472 |
Summer | 282) 218) $96! 312) 533] 412) 919) 353) 489'S. 27 54 W.).09 - 72 W.|.24$ |1472
Autumn 314) 317) 1542) 293) 374) 169] 521) 249} 579|N. 89 32 E. |.26 | N. 85 E. |.07 11456
Winter 349) 401) 1547) 280} 416] 170 362) 271 536)N. 86 15 BE. |.31 | N. 78) BE. |.12 |1444
(|) The year |1132/1230) 5322 1312/1886/1080/2299/1132) 2128\S. 88 45 HB. |.19 | ........ +. (5844
January 55} 133} 293) 87) 84) 113) 197) 37) ... |S. 71 OE, |.16
f February 42) 47) 253) 125) 112) 156] 236) 28 iS. 02 0 F. 214
' March 63] 100) 272) 92) 111} 96) 209) 56 5. 62 0 E. |.115
April 107) 110} 267) 82) 128) 83] 175) 49 5. 80 0 E. |.133
May 65] 120) 340} 58] 104) 82) 168) 65 Sb S7/ © ID, |e)
a June 121} 73) 132) 46) 79) 102) 355} 93 N. 79 .0 W.}.28
S July 94) 105} 197) 43} 111) 55) 280) 113 N.55 0 W.!.114
a August 107] 166) 292) 60} 62) 44) 195) 73 N.51 0 ©. }.224
Gas 4 September} 69) 92) 389] 96] 66] 66) 168) 55 8. 88 0O E. |.27
oo October 58} 88] 354) 49) 88] 69] 242) 50 5. 83 0 E. |.12$
a8 November| 39) 102) 270) 76] 120) 108) 234) 51 5. 25 0 KE. ).113
re December| 68] 123) 280) 74) 63) 110) 219} 62 N. 87 0 EK. |.08
| Spring 78) 110) 293) 77) 114) 87) 184) 57 S. 76 0 BK. |.14
4 Summer | 107) 115) 207) 50) 84) 67) 277) 93 N. 37 0 W.).11
= Autumn 55} 94] 338) 74] 91) 81) 215) 53 8. 74 0 E. |.15
8 Winter 55] 101) 275) 95) 86) 126) 217) 42 8. 42 0 E. |.113
13 [|The year | 74] 105| 278) 74] 94| 90| 223| 61] ... |S. 76 0 E. |.08
Lf | ~~ (| Spring 160] 511} 1023) 305| 274) 290] 336) 148) 809/S. 85 53 ©. |.25
2 |is= || Summer | 316] 305) 420) 140) 219) 266 673) 285) 1251|N. 50 54 W.).12
oe 4 | Autumn 124) 400} 858) 101) 188} 274 472) 153] 1247/N. 81 58 E. |.12
2S | | Winter 148} 330} 751} 240 180) 402 457) 79 1194/8. 61 23 E. |.11
4. || The year | 748/1546) 3052) 786 §61)/1232/1938| 665) 4501)N. 89 3 E. |.09 :
% (| Spring 940}1611} 3953|1075|1414/1160)/2176| 718} 3464/8. so 9 E. |.14 | 8. 784 BH. |.07
3 Summer |1225/1282) 2179) 565) 933) 835/8027/1075| 5317|/N. 42 22 W.'.08 | N. 604 W.|.14
ap | Autumn 582/1183} 3675) 718] 946] 949}2264| 595) 5300/S. 80 16 KE. |.10 |S. 78 EB. |.03
t || Winter 606/1172} 3103/1032] 897/1452)2265| 429] 5074/S. 49 22 B. |.09 |S. 2 W.).U5
# L| The year |3353/5248|/12910)/3390/4190/4396/9732/2817/19155/S. 81 19 E. |.07
Spring 46) 101} 116) 56) 55 4) 48) 62 72)N. 64 15 BE. |.26 | N 743 E. |-17
365. [ Summer 23) 78! 100) 37 6} 25) 160) 63 39/N. 29 19 W.'.16 | N. 645 W.).163
Nijne {| Autumn 17} 95 56] 86) 19) 31) 92) 72 87/N. 29 52 KE. |.07 |S. 75 W.|.04 y
Tchirsk. | | Winter 22) 109 74| 83) 41) 41) 122) 14 39/S. 68 2 E./.094|/ 8. 10 E. |.11 ;
(| The year | 108) 383} 346) 262) 121) 101) 422) 211) 237|N. 46 42 E. |.10 H
January | 494/2592) 2469!1235) 370) 741] 617\1482) ... |N. 61 50 E. |.8
[ February | 417)2361) 2222)1806) 278) 555) 695|1667 N. 65 40 E. |.32
March 2277/2273) 1932)1818} 455/1250) 568)1477 - |N. 83 52 E. |.23
April 370)1728 1605)1975) 494) 864) 988/1975 - |N. G8 32 HE. |.13
f May 649)1688 1299/1688) 6491039) 909)2078 - |N. 38 09 E. |.09
A June 633)1266 886)/2025 759|1645)1266)1519 . |S. 21 20 W.!.08
2 |e July 274)2054 959/2740| 411)1233] 959)1370 . |S. 71 14 EK. |.16 y
SS August §06)2531' 1139|2152| 633)1013| 506\1519 . |N. 77 02 E. |.22
s S September] 759/2405 2152/1646] 380) 633) 759/1266 . |N. 64 58 EH. |.32
i October 471|1765 1412/2117) 941 824 588|1882 - |N. 89 10 E. |.163
ao % November} 633/1392 1519/2278 2531139 $86/1900 . |N. 74 47 E. |.11
3 ae December | 353/2236 1647)2117) 353, 824) 941)1529 . |N. 74 41 E. |.22 i
Spring 415)1896 1612/1827) 533 1051) 822)1543 . |N. 70 31 E. |.143
Summer | 471/1950 995)2306) 6011297) 910)1469 . |S. 77 04 E. |.113
Autumn 621/1854 1694/2014) 525 865) 744/1683 . |N. 73 28 KE. |.194
[ Winter 421/2396 2113/1719) 334) 707) 751)1559 . |N. 66 28 EK. |.29
The year | 482)2024 1603/1966, 498) 980) 8071639 . |N, 74 32 EB. |.18

1 Allowing for calms in the first series the same proportion as given in the second,

32. «Cd ‘anuary, 1875,

25) WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 366 to 367.) Russia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place and Time of
resultant.

kind of the year.
observations, |

Direction.

to sum of wind,

variable.

E. or be-
Ratio of resultant

tween N.& E,
tween S.& E.
tweenS.& W.
tween N.&W.
Number of days.

N. E or be-
S. W. or be-
Calm or

+=
a
2
A

s.

=e ae | arms see |
| January | 710 1012 2045 1464) 581 732/2013
February 685) 5751687 2543) 929 526/1345)
| March 684) 640 1336)/23841413 662/1347)
| April 741| 954/2479)3020| 954) 256] 569
| May 877 1414 1443 1556 1245) 8491315
June 1111 1274 1600 1304 741, 800)1555/1615
July 1105/1446 23821521) 818, 746)1090) 890
August 832) 1503 2292/2321/1022) 584) 686) 759
| September] 653)1205 2351/2322) 595) 464/1364/1045
October 529) 989 2521/2033) 780) 334/1574/1240
November | 346] 418 1962/2828 996, 462)1674,1313
December | 902,1137)2247)1942 721) 250/1109)1692
Spring 767 1003 1753/2320 1204) 589)1077/1287
Summer [1016 1408 2091/1715, 860) 710)1110)1088
Autumn | 871)/2278)2394) 790) 420 1537\1199
Winter 36) 908 1993)1983, 744 5031489 1615

. 38°10/ E.
50

AMAA A AA A A A Un TA

1845 to 1850,

| The year $5 1047 2029/2103, 900) 555)1303 1297) ..
{| Spring 34| 76} 86] 8] 13] 18] 53
4

Summer | 13) 53 36| 60| 87

| Autumn 3} 54) 69] | 21] 43] 69]
34

x

| Winter 61, 97| 6) 52)
Ubevacen |) 555 || Soa | cos |p G08 |) cc ae
| Spring
Sammer awe, [Baw at ||| 288
| Autumn Ba | cone) Wieced. faa: ||) ode |” So
| |
|

:
3
3
=
3S
$
So
&
a
a
3
S
q
5
mn
<
on

ZAZA

| Winter
| The year?

be ed ft et ft ed ft dtd Et Eat et bd ad Et Ed nt dt

Port of
Astrachan
1845 to
1866.

See Addendum at the end of this Zone.

?

L
if
|
4
|
L
366(a). )
|

367. y | 9
Ce \ 7 months | ... | see ase? eet = zodl le nooll eee eeteneINGES SERELG

' Resultants combined, giving weight in proportion to the number of years.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

3 This result for 19 years, combined with that of Mr. Kahnikoff for the years 1837 and 1838, viz., N. 45° E. .164,
gives as the annual resultant for 21 years N. 819 57/ E. .16.

(Nos. 367(a, b, e).) Kirghiz Steppes.

Baron Humboldt, in his work on Central Asia, speaking of the observations of M. Platon de
Tchihatcheff, in the region northeasterly from the Caspian Sea—lat. 46° to 51°, and long. 52° to
56°—says that from December Ist, 1839, till April Ist, 1840, a period of 121 days, the wind blew
for more than 79 days, generally from E.N.H. and N.E., sometimes from the east.!

Chevalier Kahnikoff in a private letter gives a description of the winds of this region, of which
the following is a translation :—

“Having compiled the journals of travels in the Kirghiz Steppes, between the Caspian Sea, Aral
Lake, and the Mouhogjars Mountains, from 1826 to 1841 inclusive, I find the resultant direction of ~
the winds over this region to be S. 89° 12’ W., and its ratio .307.?

“At the east of the Mouhogjars Mountains (¢. e. east of 75° from Ferro), N.E. winds pre-
dominate, a fact that appears not only from direct observations, but also from the instinct of animals
that burrow, very common in this part of the Steppe, which always open their holes towards the
southwest, so that the prevailing N.E. wind may not fill them with sand. This direction is the
prevailing one as far as the meridian and latitude of Bokhara, as I have shown by my observations
in that city, published in Humboldt’s Aste Centrale.”

| No. 367(a). 2 No. 367().
8 Longitude 56° 53’ E. from Greenwich. Mount Gruk, the highest peak of these mountains, is in about latitude
48° 40/ and longitude 58° 50’. 4 No. 367(c).

— a .

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 251

(Nos. 368 to 375(a@).) Central and Hastern Asia.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Aniva Bay, in District of Sachalin, Siberia, from October, 1853, to May, 1854, inclusive, by Lieu-
tenant Radanowskij.

Fort Aralskoe (or Raimsk), Turkestan, from December, 1850, to November, 1853, inclusive.

Fort No. 1, Turkestan, during the years 1865 and 1866, by Proscouranoff, also 1857.

Fort Ouralsk, Turkestan, during the years 1865 and 1866, by Witkewitch.

Fort Perowski, Turkestan, during the year 1857.

Urga, Mongolia, by Dr. H. Frietsche, during the year 1870 and ten months of 1871; also by
Jsodbojef, during the years 1870, 1871, in Addendum at the end of this Zone, where the force is given
on a scale from 1 to 10.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. | the year. Direction.

tween N. & E
S. E. or be-
tween S. & E,
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
variable.
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Calm or
Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
368. August
Fort September
Ouralsk. October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year 112

DbeNwo co

Como naTMOO Pw Or OS
aoToOoOMmMm OAT oOaTO
=

N. 39°39/ W.|.
N. 39
- 76
71
69

iw)
FOSS MNOWOANO Ee

rs

January 2559 315|1027) 66 we. (Ne DS
February 2520) 24 793) 366 .- |N. 60
March 3316 253
April 2216 d 3} 189

May 2440 256
June 2323/1454 408
July 787) 297 262
369. August 1497) 609} 247| 164
Fort September 3734| 965 437
Aralskoe. October 36|2236]1218 3/1273
November 5416)1922) 462) 388
December 1267|1233)2808|1130
Spring 52/2657) 1885)1168|) 233
Summer 1536) 787 278
Autumn 3795\1368) 488) 699
Winter 2115/1688 1693) 983
The year 2526/1432 971) 548
January 60 ; 15) 21
February 45 | 21
March 55 oe)
April 32) - 12
May 13
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring F 4) 39) 89) 72
Summer 3) 102) 130
Autumn 80| 57
Winter 5 35) 54
The year | 238 177 142 j 306) 313

|

a

‘S SUR Pek BoB Ra geese Bg 88
oP ROD NPNPHEHE ROWHEH Oot

252 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

NES 371 to BiP(a): ) Central and Eastern Asia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

|
|

S. E, or be:

Direction of

Place of
resultant,

observation, the year.

Direction.

to sum of winds,

E. or be
tween N,& FE,
tween 8, & E,
South.

S. W. or be-
tween S,& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N,& W. |
Calm or

variable.
Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

N. E.

| January

' February
March
April

| May

| June

July
August

371. Septe
Fort No. 1. Oana =]

1857.

H
kt 6
a

WOWTRANNOrRUMWhyhH

=
SH 89 To Pw E09
HANSA AMNwaND |

November
December | oc8
Spring 41 IN. “Y22 37/ E. é

| Summer 2 31/N. 28 45 W.]).
Autumn ¢ ‘ BE 45,N. 42 44 W.!.
Winter fc E Ve 36 9| 33,N. 10 44 E. |.
The year | 26 3 | 6-85) 8: 150|N. 8 18 W.}.
January 8 5 panocsaaneee
February
March
April
May
June
July
August

: rt September
Perowski. October
if
|
{
|
L
f

ROU RBRHE HE DOO oR

November
December
Spring 89
Summer 58) N. 69
Autumn 60 N. 87
Winter 63} 26 y |) SLOUNC way
The year | 270) 58 y 120 117) 25)N. 43 eh
Spring 373| 538] 376 198] 100] 122) 345| 151| 286|N. 33 . 703° E,],
Summer | 435) 345) 256 104) | 6 405, 493/N. 29 Aless? . 68 W.!.
Autumn | 292) 639) 343) 209| 150) 162, 165/N. 32 56 E, |. . 874 E. |.06
Winter 307, 436 2| 206 | 208, 157|N. 65 46 35° ~«E. |.
The year |1407|1958 1319) 619) 568 1560) 5 631 N. 20
29
61
59
51
40
42
49
35.
52
28
17

76

N. 30

Noe
MwWrewPhRhORRR bP OwRt

H
PEIWHOAOOHCOWWTeE bb

he
wowom-=1m

on

373.
Valley
of the

Sir Daria.!

7h
> b

ns
oO

January 3} 10 5
February 14| 34
March 2| 16) 22)
April 11 8} 18}
May 11) 6) 18)
June 19) 10) 34
July uP aly) aly
August 21); 23) 13
September| 17) 10| 21
October 1 7| 14
November 5| 13) 24
December a) kG) als
Spring 34) 30) 58)
Summer 52) 48) 58
Autumn 23) 30
Winter 11} 40
The year)! 2. ||) se. |) =<
M’n force? 1.83 [1-59 1.83

See Aaacnaun at the end of this Zone.

eH ororew

: i
BPROOCOERENOWOHNWROS

i

ANWoaIIneQDAwnwrhNNH OS

ON ON el oN)

ae
ery
o

374(a).
Urga. j

f
estes \ See Addendum.

' Nos. 369 to 372 combined, using only one-eighth of the numbers for Fort Aralskoe (No. 369), in order to
give them only their proper weight.
2 Computed from the resultants for tlhe seasons. 3 Expressed in numbers from 1 to 5 inclusive.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N. 253

(Nos. 875 to 379.) Pacifie Ocean, west of longitude 180°.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 1507 days, collected and classified, from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of

Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS Be)
OF THE COMPASS. ga a
==) ial
\ze| =
Place of Time of 0 : -| | Direction of i ES r)
observation. the year. | | gj ra] dj oo ee = z Elea| resultant |SGe}| §
Poi ees | eee 5 x Al alr 2 |) Gl) pl] Ol) 2 SF og 2
ale GE ia le leleiaigee =3| 2
Z\z\2/A Ala lalalalalalE |e el aio” ae | 2
375.
Long. aso} Winter 1) 7 1) Of OF Of 0} OF OF OF OF O| 0] Of O O| ON. 22°30/E. | .98
to 140° E
376.
Long. uel Summer /26) 0) 45) 21) 28) 23) 41] 30) 50} 24) 28) 12) 6) 1) 3 5| 18|S. 44 46 E. | -35 | 120
to 145° H |
377. |
Long. 136° | Spring 4) 3] 25) 16) 25) 12) 27) 15) 31) 20) 19) 12/19) 2)10}10) 11|S. 28 O EB. | .25| 87
to 150° E
378. |
Long. 10] Autumn |37/22) 38] 20/120) 50)122| 56|152) 37) 97| 32/84/58/87/25| 37/S. 1 38 EH. | .21 | 358
to 150° E
379.
Long. suse} Summer 73/39} 93) 77/136) 33/144) 41/173) 68) 94) 30)45)18/42)27| 65|S. 46 59 E. | .25 | 399
to 150° E

Place of
observation.

364(a).
Lougan,
number of
winds in
1000.

364(d).
Steppes of
S. Russia,!
number of
wiuds in

1000.

L

| June

, the year.

Time of

Addendum to Zone No. 9.
Lougan 21 years, 1838-57, calculated by Kiimtz, Repertorium fir Meteorologie, v. ii, p.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT LOBE

OF THE COMPASS.

|
a

=|
A)

Calm or

variable.

Direction of
resultant.

235.

Ratio of re-
sultant to sum

of winds.

January
February
March
April
May

July
August
September
October
November
December
The year
January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
The year

169

85
142
121
127

96
127
159

92
117
171
153
142
133
114
116
106
103

93
101
121
128

94
104
108
123

84
112
67
82
89
54
57
75
84
64
74
56
113
150
144
151
164
123
96
100
115
137
142
172
130
146

177
208
221
192
159
311
247
205
191
222
186
238
185
114
122
116
135
146
197
199
127
133
139
115
141
139

119

54°
31
51
70
53
74
51
20
- 83
64
31
58
75,
89
56
54
71
28
81
o (Oy
. 54
- 59
43
45
29
67

0/

Pee

nNnoooocoooooooo

DNA ANA A CAA CANA OD CANA AC TAA

45
24

nn

Hod geece

Hee es

06

1 Means of Lougan, Catheronoslav, Orel, Charkof, Taganrog, Simpheropol, Samarskaja-lerma, Krutez, Novo-
Petrovsk, Uralsk, Nijni-Tschirsk, Orenburg, Woltschansk, Poltava, Odessa, Orlov, Kischinef, calculated by Kimtz
in Repertorium f. Meteorologie, v. ii, p. 293.

254 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Addendum to Zone No. 9.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of
observation. the year.
North. | N.E. East. S. E. South. Ss. W. West. N. W. Calm or
variable,
(| January 69 31 80 25 95 29 102 29 6
February 77 57 43 28 76 28 73 32 9
March 104 45 86 21 45 24 §2 50 13
| April 68 47 93 32 82 35 74 49 3
May 66 40 93 21 84 30 108 35 3
June 67 AT 63 41 49 47 92 49 17
368(a). July 100 23 86 19 33 27 84 83 10
Ft. Uralsk, | | August 103 35 59 26 44 36 95 61 6
5 years, | September 65 31 61 27 75 30 108 47 11
1865-68, | | October 63 25 94 27 74 33 86 50 8
and 1871. November 75 29 118 30 65 31 88 22 6
| December 74 22 53 Se ae 20) owl oe 121 Bie ers||P 0
Spring 238 132 272 74) 211 89 299 134 19
| Summer 270 105 208 86 126 100 271 193 33
Autumn 203 85 273 84 214 | 94 282 119 25
Winter 220 110 176 90 261 90 276 96 15
The year 931 432 929 334 812 373 1058 542 92
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS
OF THE COMPASS,
ne ‘a a Le Ratio of | Ratio of
$3 a = se |g | Rigel | Esiw
= aM 62 a oO
Ss oa : og a ae perliees oe
£ | AS [og [oes 1s bee eer sae
AES ahi d| Seles, || . || Els. |
es Spring 6:4 eager 51 46 12.8) 24.5] 37.5) 56 | 252.9
ca Summer 8.2 26 36 31.7 9.2 19 44.5) 74.7 249.3
= Autumn 11.4) 22.9 49 49 9.2} 23.5 37 47.3 | 249.3
= Winter 6 16.4 51 47.3 | 13.8 28 5: 51 | 247.5
- || The year 32 84 187 174 45 97 153 229 | 1000
xt (| Spring 13.3 12 | 55.5] 22. 23.4) 24.4 53 | 16.4 | 220.7
ca) | Summer 37.2| 16.4 51 13.3} 26.6| 30.6] 88.6} 28.3) 292
a Autumn 27.5 18 72 18.4; 26 26 63 26 | 276.9
‘Ss | Winter 10 12.6 | 65.5) 12.6) 22 20 53.4) 13.3 | 210.4
E a The year 88 59 244 67 98 101 84 as 1000
5 January 35 55 | 231 |) 121 60 | 146 | 183 | 170 “eal abl pollens 1: 0.8
cr February 29 70 222, 178 67 133 178 123 ae Ly 2.3) | Wee
s March 48 64 291 171 69 84 159 114 a5 i ae 1; 0.55
1S) April 34 66 169 147 86 146 200 152 see 1: 2.5 Lalas
Je May 40 96 193 13 90 110 180 161 oe Lis 2.25 ||| SOeg
oS) June 54 56 | 125 86 80 | 130 | 245 | 224 vee) |leelieedteD) sp 4)
ri July 71 58 139 82 58 118 274 200 cn 130380) |e
oe) August 95 123 190 115 50 78 171 178 a3 70.D 108
September) 87 105 182 111 61 104 191 159 a0 Ey / 1 2 2205
October 56 70 203 140 85 117 211 118 se Ly 15 1: 1.04
November| 54 57 | 237 163 70 141 155 123 eae i ile} 1: 0.65
December 28 97 238 140 84 133 140 140 ae 1: 3.0 nes sis
‘3.3 (| Spring 40 73 218 149 82 112 180 146 aS 1: 2.0 1: 0.8
2 || Summer 73 80 | 151 95 61 109 230 | 201 56 1: 0.83 | 17385
& > {| Autumn 65 78 | 206 |) 139 | © 71 | 120) 185.) 136 1 ch) ieee ete
f > & | | Winter 28 75 231 146 71 137 166 146 65 1:32:53 | DnOraa
an ™ (| The year 53 76.5 | 200 131 71 119 | 191.6} 158 roo 1: 134 | 230295
Ss January 5.2 10.3 | 19.9 | 16.6 1.9 4.9 |13.7 | 11.9 8.5
g f February | 3.9 16.2) 18.0}10.9 | 2.3 | 5.1 | 8.0 | 12.0 5.5
3 March 3.0 15.8 | 22.7 | 22.1 3.5 3.5 7.8 6.3 7.4
& April 3.7 10.0) 19.9 | 15.1 4.0 6.2 | 14.0 7.8 9.7
<a 2 May 6.4 8.6 | 14.6 | 17.1 3.0 7.0 9.4 | 12.8 13.5
a B June 6.5 10.1} 15.0} 10.1 4.0 6.6 | 13.8 9.9 14.5
s + 4| July 5.3 §.5 | 17.0 | 12.7 4.1 8.8 | 12.6 9.9 18.9
53 August 7.9 11.1} 15.6 | 12.0 3.1 8.0 | 10.1 8.6 15.0
fir || September) 5.6 10.9] 16.6|/12.4 | 2.3 | 4.1 SEQ S90) Wea
a October 7.2 TWIG Hyatt) rf: 8 2.8 6.9 | 11.7 | 10.4 13.0
Sy November| 5.2 | 17.0] 19.6|15.1 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 9.0 | 9.5 7.0
3 December | 3.8 L328 i eke ON wile nemecardl Scoeloeoms|eloeo) 10.0
co (| The year | 63.7 | 143.5 | 211.4/16.3 | 37.5 | 73.5 | 133.6 | 120.6 | 139.7

Place of
observation

375(a).
f Aniva Bay,
1853-1854.

6 year.

SERIES B. ZONE 9. LAT. 45° TO 50° N, 255

Addendum to Zone No. 9.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of the Ratio of Direction

KE. to W.| of resultant.

| North.
| East.
tween S. & E.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or
variable.

|

|
|
|

October
November
December
January
February
March
April

May
Winter
Spring

re!

==
NORM SR o or
£2 19 co

Doe
Ooonw

10.27)
12.03} 13.53
0.00) 0.00,33.33
\1 13.48 13.91/12.17
5 34,19]12.82) 9.40) 6.84
d 33.86 17.32 11.81 6.30
1.29} 7.43]16.21]23.38
4/26.60/14.54/11.71) 8.44

b =
=
PITH SHS oS

SENAShNowSs |
AONASORAUDWo
BOWE ASH wrw
Be eee eee
Bee oOOwr rE
HOwWwSoOaooRMIH

OPIATE OMS
WOBERDODHWNN

RELATIVE PREVALENCE AND FORCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

|

North. Be OF East. South. Ss. W. West. N. W.

variable.

Calm or

1870.
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
The year

1871.
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
The year

=)

(=)
oo

HPoOoTOMNOONAIAOCSO
PO a ll a)
O-TITAT PTO ORD
ANNWwWwWoawIwtIrewpoaroo

wpNooowoo

orTkhoocoe
TISOSoW (—)

COS NPORCNRORONOW
°

OB cor OO DRAM ODWMHMOr WwW
worse NTPWNOHYNOCOCOFHSSO

e
CownmrNPNotTaNonhNre
BOTNPPY Dror

Pee
AIDWDNOS
PO LO pt oo RST bO 99 YR PO Oo YB YR GD G9 99 09 YP LOLS

HOOWONWHWNOWOW
Pt Ss eo FP FAO bo bo COR 0 bo bo 00 G9 HB Oo bo G9 09 bo
NPP PE pr Pw or Re Coup IB Oo 09 BO bo 09 Co Go ROO bo
NOW ATNROHDHDUNWHS WONHABUSOOSBROUSD
H
PEE ONE EE ENROR NNNNBDROSSSOSSS
LOO wWwOoNUNSO oO
SCHHORHOHOCOOHO FBHHENwoHoooHoOoNw
RPE RPORPNOrPSSONSD NPNNWORSOSOROSON

VoSa CO ©
PRP PEP PPR ROS WLM WOR ROSR ROS

DOSOWONSNSCSO
POSES SSE RRS SCOTS) — CSCIC COL Wm Mes

wnamwwoambyeaa~a
RR ES tom hom 99 Suh YB G9 G9 bo 09 9 G9 99 99 0

CHOROSORONSN
THwwwharepe
WaArauwuauste ROCCO

oe
bho
bo

-~T
ie)
bo

142 161 365

Resultant. Monsoon influences,

Time of the year.
Direction. Direction. Force.

(Continued from page 254.) t Winter 8. 27

Spring S. 4° 26/

361(a). Summer EYE) 9
Charkoyv, 1852-1864. Autumn N.59 O
5

5

The year 5. 63

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Addendum to Zone No. 9.— Continued.
58(a). Observations at Winnipeg, Manitoba, by James Stewart, from Jan. 1869, to March, 1878.

Total
Time of the year. | N. N. E. E. S.E. Ss. S. W. W. N.W. | Calms. | Dumber
vations.
f January | 48 il 10 34 61 13 12 60 30 279
February | 53 9 9 35 46 17 8 48 31 256
March 75 14 11 34 64 23 26 64 59 370
| April 60 26 6 14 47 18 13 18 68 270
6 | May 69 39 25 40 | 80 13 29 32 45 372
=| June 46 24 9 26 52 11 26 25 51 270
b | July 30 14 9 28 62 14 46 33 43 279
2 | August 7 10 13 7 12 3 7 7 27 93
% 4 September, 36 6 4 18 38 10 27 21 20 180
| October 56 17 14 29 62 19 15 44 23 279
= | November) 38 15 ill 16 32 12 15 23 18 180
3 | December| 50 4 6 13 21 28 13 Sy) | 76) 186
8 | Spring 204 79 42 88 191 54 68 114 172 || 101
% | Summer 83 48 31 61 126 28 790 Nw l6b 121 642
Autumn | 130 38 29 63 132 41 Sy |. = 88 61 639
Winter 151 24 25 82 128 58 33 | 140 | 80 721
{ The year | 568 189 127 294 577 181 237 407 433 | 3014
& 4, f Spring 20 7 4 9 19 5 7 11 typ
=< | Summer 13 7 5 10 20 4 12 10 19
a | Autumn 20 6 5 10 21 6 9 14 ot
£F | Winter 21 3 3 11 18 8 5 20 11
ae [ The year 19 6 4 10 19 6 8 13 14

Observations on the Atlantic Ocean, calculated by the Meteorological Institute of the Netherlands,
under Capt. Cornelissen’s directions.

g.3| 84 | fe | Ee. Sui | Sui | ds | 82
Between 30° and Salbalzelee| ¢ East of 15° W. Fa|balel/ 2) g
15° W. longitude. gH aA ga ge | = longitude. 34 as a2 Se 3

| :

92(a). Spring 6 | 50) 25 | 16] 3 94(a). Spring 20 | 24 | 26 | 22) 4
Lat. 49°--50° N. | | Summer 35 | 35 | 17 | 10 3 || Lat. 49°-50° N. || Summer | 16 | 15 | 35 | 30 | 14
(No. of obs. Autumn | 21 | 56]11/ 10}; 2 || (No. of obs. Autumn | 17 | 29 | 27 | 24] 2
die) Winter 15 | 26 | 50 6 3 14,574.) || Winter 13) || 26: || 36) | 22.5 ee
92(b). Spring 17 | 40 | 26/13] 4 94(b). Spring 23 | 24 | 24] 25 | 4
Lat. 48°-49° N. || Summer | 12) 18 | 33} 33 | 3 || Lat. 48°-49°N. || Summer | 19 | 12 | 31 | 34] 5
(No. of obs. Autumn 16 | 46 | 18 | 16 3 (No. of obs | Autumn 21 | 25 | 25 | 25 3
1732.) Winter 24 | 31 | 28 | 10 | 17 13,926.) | Winter 19 | 21 | 34 | 235\eee
92(c). Spring 13 | 33 | 30 | 22] 3 94(c). Spring 22 | 20 | 28 | 26] 3
Lat. ATS 8° N.}|Summer | 15 | 17 | 30 | 34 3 |) Lat. 47°-48°N. | Summer | 19 | 11 | 29 | 37] 4
(No. of obs. Autumn | 13 | 30 | 31 | 21) 5 (No. of obs. | Autumn | 20 | 22] 31} 25] 3
3065.) L| Winter 21 | 28 | 30 | 19 2 10,153.) { Winter 18 | 19 | 24 | 27 3
92(d). (| Spring 16 | 26 | 32) 23] 3 | 94(d). (| Spring 24 | 21 | 27 | 24] 4
Lat. 46°-47° N Summer | 16 | 16 | 32 | 33 | 4 || Lat. 46°-47° N. || Summer | 21 | 12 | 28 | 34 | 15
(No. of obs. ij Autumn | 17 | 30 | 27 | 24] 3 |) (No. of obs. Autumn | 22 | 22 | 24 | 27| 4
ae 2 Winter 17 | 23 | 82 | 24] 4 7635.) | Winter 20] 19 | 32 | 26] 3
f Spring 19 | 22 | 28 | 27] 3 94(e). | Spring 23 | 21 | 28 | 25] 3
Lat. Fede? N | Summer | 20 | 16 | 32] 30] 3 | Lat. 45°-46° N. || Summer | 27] 11 | 26} 31 | 4
(No. of obs. at Autumn | 18 | 26 | 26 | 26} 4 (No. of obs. }| Autumn | 23 | 20 | 25 | 27] 5
5386.) Winter 16 | 22 | 35) 27) 9) 61,191.) Winter 19 | 17 | 33 | 28) 3
| N N. E. | 3 Dy | 5. E ) | Ss. W | Ww. IN W. | Calm.
Spring 19 9 24 17 2 80 16 6 | 100
375(L). Murairevsky, Summer 12 27 63 21 3 27 19 2 87
Poste, Isle of Saghalin. Autumn 4 14 15 18 6 27 45 17 104
Number of observations. | Winter 10 4 31 12 5 29 28 20 10
| The year 45 54 | 133 68. 16 163 | 108 46 | 301

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 257

ZONE No. 10.

LAatituDE 40° to 45° Norta.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at over
a thousand permanent stations on land, for an aggregate period of over 4414 years ;
on the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans for over 24 years, and some reported to the
British Board of Trade from the Black Sea. ‘The distribution is as follows :—

j
No. of

Where observed. Stanionsl

Aggregate length of time.

Pacific Ocean, .... | 8319 days— 9 years 1 month.
America west of the Mississippi River, | 161 | 553 years, besides general observations by Nicollet.

America east of the Mississippi River, | 795 | over 3491 years.
Atlantic Ocean, .... | 5467 days = nearly 15 years
Hurope, 50 | over 3433 years.
Black Sea, canis
Asia, i 13 | about 26 years.
(Nos. 1 to 10.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 1670 days, collected and classified, from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DirFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place of observations. Time of the
year.

Direction of
resultant.

North.

N. E.

East.

Calm or var.

Ratio of resultant to
sum of winds.

Number of days.

3613)
13/11
17} 8)2:
71/28)6
26/10
5|o3) &
\73 Le
/38 13}¢

=]

MIoMmwoworaocorHeaTROMWooS

~ 77° 14 W.| .
29 W.
15 W.).
37 Wz] -
16 E.
24 W.).
W.|.
Ww.) .
W.|.
W.| .
W.|.
Wee.
W.| -

Spring
Long. 160°-165° W. 4 | Summer
Autumn

STON

Ww)

Spring
Long: 155°-160° W. | Summer
Autumn

==

ZAAPAAM OAT a

Spring
Summer
Autumn

Spring
| Summer

- Long. 150°-155° W.

=e

EREBBRERAS

=
SOMVOCORWEOWOBRER EB

. Long. 145°-150° W.

Autumn
Spring

Summer

Autumn
. Long. 120°-165° W. Winter

° © Summer

. Long. 135°-140° yw, {| Sunt
- Long. 130°-140° W. | Spring

a iD Summer

. Long. 130°-135 w.{ aes
Spring

. Long. 120°-130° W. | Summer

G9 Go |
<5 SO

=
rary

MOP ATE WOWWWORmOLd
ee

He aT Too
SOHOHPSCONOPNHMOABOAUNIMNMOOONWN

- Long. 140°-145° W
WwW

=
0
(ooNe)

rary
ra Fr
TWH oOr oe bP

oupr 2
a
wwNwoSosootoagn

ee

a=
mnrowInonon

SCOSCNBRSSHONMOCOWORADOWNINMOW _

HPSOSCSOMNOBROOWWAAMNBEAH
COWwotAOoOWwWoWNaoanonwwpy
ran

444445555245
Benet:

eb

Autumn

33 January, 5.

258 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos..11 to 21.) California, north of latitude 40°.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Camp Bidwell, by Post Surgeons, from September, 1866, to December, 1869, inclusive.

Camp Gaston, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 74 years, in the years 1860 to 1869
inclusive.

Crescent City, by Robert B. Randall, from July, 1859, to January, 1860, inclusive.

Fort Crook, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 83 years, in the years 1860 to 1869
inclusive.

Fort Humboldt, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 11 years, in the years 1854 to 1866
inclusive.

Fort Jones, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 45 years, in the years 1853 to 1858
inclusive.

Fort Lincoln, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 32 months, in the years 1866 to
1869 inclusive.

Fort Reading, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 40 months, in the years 1852 to
1856 inclusive.

Fort Ter-waw, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 18 months, in the years 1860 and
1861. -

Meadow Valley, by J. H. Whitlock, C. A. Canfield and M. D. Smith, for an aggregate period
of 17 months, in the years 1860 and 1861.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE - Monsoon
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant,

Place of Time of the

observations, year. Direction.

or be-

Ww.
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

S. W. or be-
tweenS. & W.
N.

tween N.& W.
Calm or

Spring 848) 134 71! 182 294! 205) 69| 332) 5c4|N. 14°12) W.|.2:
Summer | 969 9| 18) 6 56 27° 2 W.|.4¢
Autumn 378} 103} 86 | 336 273 55 W.|.224
Winter - 3/15 3) 481) 216 35 E. |
The year? shay Mi ceoal eecenal ices ates 15 W.|.20
Spring 76) 7 115 35 W.).
1 WwW
W
E

mil,
Fort
Humboldt.

Summer 37| 18 3 | 106 41

49 als
54 EB...
36 W.}.
57
47
11
58
9
4
45
33

Autumn é j | 121
Winter 5 3, 126 136}
The year? 4

{
|
4
|
|
Spring 9/134 6 | 102
| Summer 76) 42) |
|
L
f
|
4
|
lL
(
|
1
|
l
f
||
|
t

ee
Lincoln.

aon
Ter-Waw.

wan moa wz

Autumn 9} 85)
Winter ) 122/128)
MMPS NET cor IP oso || fecal} oem, ll vote || aon
Spring 342] 229) 70, 193) 1151
Summer | 488) 429] 48) 28|
Autumn 370) 2 88] 228) 121
Winter 121) 121) 48) 285) 337)

14.
Camp
Gaston.
he yyeares\| ere eeeonil eseieensi [iiss || tess
Spring 169 54) 344,
Summer 181 9| 32) 65; 157
Autumn 160 9} 26! 247
Winter 209 8| 59, 61) 405
Me ryeare | eet ceili ees esnia (tect | Pele es ileeeseclllasee
Spring [1467| 572/404 609| 865 8: 564
Summer (1702) 721192 272) 460) 6 §2/1386) 83%
Autumn |1475| 580/329) 621) 893 | 957/152 1008|
Winter 848) 8486 1007/1403 a4 2 663!
Thewyear2it| teee)|! tere | celica : ces. | ips. |/lscn
Spring 175) 18) 2 3s 304 30
Summer | 168) 2 | 204) 70)
Autumn | 302) 177) 1: | 258) 58)
Winter 280) 28) 197; 20)
U TYG syenre cee) || ieee || eel tess ll econ tesco ieee

i { \

15.
Fort
Jones.

16.
North-
western
California !

2a2asaaaaaadasaeaeas

17.
Fort
Reading.

Seog seek poke Sebo oe iee gobs bee

1 Camp Gaston, Crescent City, and Forts Humboldt, Jones, Lincoln and Ter-waw.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 259

(Nos. 18 to 21.) California.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences,

ELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

. Direction
4 Place of Time of the of
observations, year,

resultant. Direction.

or be-
or be-

variable.
to sum of winds.

Calm or

Ww.
Ratio of resultant

tween N, & E.
tween S. & E.
tween 8.& W.
tween N.& W.
Number of days.

N. E. or be-
N. W.

S. E. or be-
Ss.

January
February
March
April
May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December 8
Spring 326] G 94/N. 78° 3/ W.|.43 |S. 47° W.).
Sumuiner : ' 5 684) 756 : 16 W.|.54 | N. 83 W.).
Autumn 40 W.|.48 . 65 W.|.053
Winter 39 W.|.25
The year? > 56 W.}.42
Spring 21

igh Summer
Camp Autumn

if
7
|
Bidwell. | Winter
4
|
L

18.
Fort
Crook.

AW WA A

miata we

The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year2
Spring
Summer-
Autumn
Winter
The year?

.

20.
Meadow
Valley.

A TA A

21,
N. E. Cali-
fornia.!

AAznn wun

ee!
AT Th Wa Th

1 Camp Bidwell and Meadow Valley.

s
(Nos. 22 to 36.) Oregon, south of latitude 45°.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Albany, by 8S. M. W. Hindman, for an aggregate period of 23 months, in the years 1865 to 1868
inclusive.

Auburn, by R. B. Ironside, for an aggregate period of 5 months, in the years 1864 and 1865.

Block House, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 44 years, in the years 1858 to 18638
inclusive.

Camp Harney, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 24 years, in the years 1860, 1868
and 1869.

Camp Logan, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 17 months, in the years 1868 and 1869.

Camp Three Forks, by Post Surgeons, during the years 1868 and 1869.

Camp Warner, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 22 months, in the years 1868 and
1869.

Camp Watson, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 2 years, in the years 1867, 1868
and 1869.

Corvallis, by A. D. Barnard, for an aggregate period of 22 months, in the years 1866, 1867 and
1868.

Fort Hoskins, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 8 years, in the years 1856 to 1865
inclusive.

260 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 22 to 29.) Oregon.— Continued.

Fort Klamath, by Post Surgeons, from December, 1863, to April, 1866, inclusive.

Fort Lane, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 11 months, in the years 1855 and 1856.

Fort Orford, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 24 years, in the years 1852 to 1856
inclusive.

Fort Umpqua, by Post Surgeons, from August, 1856, to May, 1862, inelusive.

Salem, by Thomas H. Crawford and P. L. Willis, for an aggregate period of 3 months, in the
years 1861, 1863 and 1864.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place and Time of
kind of the year,
observations,

Direction.

to sum of winds,

variable,
Ratio of resultant

tween N. & E.
tween N, & W.
Number of days.

N. E. or be-
Calm or

c=)
Ss
ic}
Za

=.
| Spring | 158) 1 256 38 |N. 50°54/ E. |.
Summer 87; O j j |N. W.|.42
Autumn | 5 y i IN. 3 W.).
Winter F ‘ 4) } 3/5. E.
The year?! eal role || eee lee macy | eee al weer al INS 3 W.!.
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Sammer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year}
Spring

| Summer

; Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer | 6 51) 391| 1102
Autumn 512) 223) 20: 854
Winter 53) 2 BH 3 784
The year? | ... a erigay? ane mee
Spring | 9} 210
Summer 2 3), 183
Autumn 5 ; 152
Winter j 7 8 205
The year’ com |Pecca |} cca “ce

DAN mwa m

Umpqua.

24,
Fort
Lane.

25.
South-
western
Oregon.!

PAN DAA we

mM

26.
Fort
Hoskins.

mann

m

ZZAZAE EEA AAAAABNNANARAMAA ALARM AZAD DA?
mn mms

ST P-E-

ANA Nas

Tai A

combined. of clouds.

eo Reon oes Oooo een Oe OOS Sn ee st en Ooo easn*FE eee ——s— oOo SS OOO

2 preceding Motion

o
> OD

ies)
— oe _
pt th ch
Zi nia

EE EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEECEECEEEEEEEEECEEPeE?

> oe
to

.

' Forts Orford, Umpqua and Lane combined.
2 Albany, Block House, Corvallis, Fort Hoskins and Salem.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 261

(Nos. 30 to 36.) Oregon.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT Points OF THE Compass, gah influences.
: 5 ; =a 5
ae a JE LE ae 3
Place of Time of the 33 by ae re) g | Direction of | 24 oS
observations, year. ne eh i Fie |) ae resultant. | g | Direction.
= || 2 ° ° og ° o
qj A A = 7=| ey-| Bs oie ||| ers on oO 2
e\A8) gee) 3 les] & Esse =2 ELE
4 |22| A |aié|] a |ae| EF le2|s fa BR | 2
ican 8) 68) 10 91) 41| 171) 38) 124) 1/8. 56°24’ W.|.27 |S. 71° W.!.174| 184
Summer 16) 52) 25° 88) 30| 61) 45) 52) O|S. 1 8 W.|.124/S. 60 BE. |.07 | 123
Camp Autumn 9] 105] 26 135) 24) 121) 31) 94/ 1/8. 12 55 &. -10$| 8. 824 E. |.08 | 182
Warner. Winter 21) 121; 10, 116; 15) 108) 45) 104) 3)N. 68 49 W.}.034| N. 14 &, |.11 | 181
LUG) ACES es, [igs ctl bee. dl lobe. Ihe | Fee) teecann | sera lesen SPaeses mann hee FI a con || (U0)
Spring 48) 124) 45) 139) 84) 260) 248) 209] 130/S. 76 40 W.|.28 |S. 882 W.|.10 | 429
| Summer 41) 87] 46) 124) 83) 149) 228) 107] 56/S. 65 25 Ww. .253| 8. 54 W.).08 | 307
ee Autumn 70; 152) 79); 170) 92) 177) 183) 132) 37|S. 54 56 W.|.103|S. 89 E. |.08 | 364
Oregon.! || Winter 73) 217) 96) 246) 53) 212) 250; 194) 15/S. 83 22 W.|.084| N.59 E. |.10 | 452
|The WEBS | cx! |) coo |} Ga | Seo I 00. gaat |} 'b0d I obo |) aaa ISK WO Sr SAYSIETIED IT coates acs Nem |e
Spring 23) 35) 38) 45) 56) 146) 145) 144) 10/8. 80 47 W.|.403) N.10 W.|.04 | 214
32. [ Summer 15) 22) 11} 17 6] 93) 195) 193) O|N. 76 56 W.|.67 | N..45 W.|.36 | 184
Camp Autumn 9! 39) 16) 21) 50) 144) 139) 116) 12/S. 79 42 W.|.49 |N. 76 W.|.09 | 182
Watson. | Winter 9; 20) 44) 124) 85) 94) 41) 32) 1/S. 4 39 E. |.43 |S. 47 E. |.48 | 150
MNOS) SEAT || coe || Gea | g/l] dea |} eee Need I] eee. Wieco, I] sea, ISIS WBS AbveS SrA leye) ode bsotce meen oO
Spring 39° 38) 73! 55) 72) 165) 374) 174) 111|S. 85 21 W.|.43 | N. 634 W./.12 | 367
33. ( Summer 92, 38) 189} 70) 67) 139) 533) 268) 119|N. 80 16 W.|.363| N. 134 W.).15 | 522
Eastern Autumn 69, 42) 73) 89) 67) 168} 432) 126) 26/S. 82 41 W.|.44 | N. 74 W.|.12 | 364
Oregon.? Winter 19) 22) 53) 126) 85) 95) 100) 42) 1)S. 12 30 W.|.333/S. 463 E. |.35 | 180
LK) S7EEBE |I cos || ota |} sce |} cto | cco |] cco || coo |] cca |] eco HSE VEE AO WiVIRBRPS|| costes - |1433
(| Spring 398) 3) 18) 48) 286; 9) 30) 3] ... JN. 11 36 &. |.21
34. | Summer 280 3] 12) 25) 304 6] 12 3]... |S. 29 44 W.!.06
Camp | Autumn | 336 0] 0] 0) 210) 0! 0] OO} ... |North. 23
Harney. Winter 319) 0} 0; 0} 131 0 0} Oj ... |North 42
MMe) FASET! | 55 |! cco | sae IP coo | c6s |] Med |) c50 II cha Ice NG OGY \yvel oil
| Spring 48 104) 64) 73) 46) 54) 58) 76) 12)/N. 44 49 E..|.10
ge Summer | 38 116] 30| 47) 29| 89/ 40| 84] 30|N.17 28 W.l.11
Camp J/Autuma | 38 139| 40) 46| 11] 64] 55| 84] 36\N. 5 58 E. |.21
Whree | Winter 53 110) 82) 114) 45| 4g! 23) 23! 95/8. 85 43 E, |.32
pope @hercart aie ele lee bees Wee |: |. IN 46 4 178
Spring 446! 107) 82) 121) 332) 63) 88) 79) 12)N. 25 24 KE. |.092| S. 192 W.|.04
eae Summer | 318 119] 42] 72) 333] 95| 52] 87| 30,N.16 8 W.|.01 |S. 274 W.|.12
South- J/ Autumn | 374 139] 40] 46) 221/ 64) 55| 84] 36\N. 2 45 E. 1.22 | N. 25° w.|.22
eastern || winter | 372, 110| 82| 114| 176| 48) 23| 23| 25/N. 43 37 E. |.25 | N. 64 E. |.13
-PTSSIESIEN |UD ts fe fe fe| (ae IeE e EY 23 56 E. |.133
1 Camp Warner and Fort Klamath. 2 Auburn and Camps Logan and Watson.
3 Camps Harney and Three Forks combined. 4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

EE

(Nos. 37 to 43.) Nevada, north of latitude 40°.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Camp Halleck, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 62 months, in the years 1863 to
1869 inclusive.

Camp McDermit, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 43 months, in the years 1866 to
1869 inclusive.

Camp McGarry, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 38 months, in the years 1866 to
1869 inclusive.

Camp Winfield Scott, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 34 months, in the years 1866
to 1869 inclusive.

Fort Ruby, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 62 months, in the years 1863 to 1868
inclusive.

Star City, by R. C. Johnson, during the last three months of the year 1865.

Surface winds and motion of clouds combined.

262 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 37 to 41.) Nevada.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a3 influences. 3
£5 La eal ees
: : ae a5 Direction of Ef :
aye : , a . irection o 2
cine enolls, the ieer ae 3° a ae .S resultant. we Direction. =
Fa erall on feat 4c) Sa) goles |S of on ae
% AS] elas] 3 JES] BFS) BE es Bel ae
Zz |22| a luk] alae] B leEIS” gm] &
January | 36] 29| 19| 8 6] 27] 115/ 101 29 93
February | 17] 13] 43] 13] 35) 27] 68] 16] 23 85
March 43) 20) 30] 18) 24) 34) 77| 7| 26 93
April 18} 14) 35) 13) 21) 40) 82) 14) 33 90
May 38] 22) 31] 23) 25) 21) 71] 22| 326 93
June 17/ 11} 19] 16} 46] 45) 83] 5] 928 90
3 July 13} 12) 27] 31) 49} 15) 64) 15] 53 93
bel August 4} VI) G1) 39) 39) 43) 43) 11) 25] ee .seeseee || ase | seeerese | een | 198
ort’ 4| September] 12] 18|| 52) 24], 28! 99| ved] 5] cael Ol. ecko ll cecalimeesces Ol) cline
ester October Ped HU SE 281) NN GA ACB AB Ge cocepsaeon, |] ce || scsctooe | ceo) 2H
Nevaca.! || November| 30/ 25| 31/ 18| 23| 70| 108; 11/ 44) ....0.. |. | ..cee |. | 120
December] 12} 7 10] 2) 15) 44] 126 6]. | 1BAl) Meee cll) Seer il geen wee ae lees
Spring 99) 56) 96) 54) 70| 95) 230) 43) 85/S. 87°38’ W./.183| N. 155°E. |.08 | 276
Summer 37| 34] 107} 86) 134) 103] 190) 31] 106/S. 26 42 W.|.25 |S. 34 E. |.17 | 276
Autumn 66} 74) 139) 65] 60) 165) 265) 42) 126/S. 66 43 W.|.19 | N. 78 E. |.04 | 334
Winter 65] 49} 72| 23/ 56] 98) 312) 3S “3!
l Rhel years Bera licrepllieesse| Meso | eseial eee ers |S :
if January 8| 24 126) 13) 26) 65) 96 oe
February 16) 30) 105) 10) 24) 55) 75
March 12] 46) 117] 12) 42) 46) 81
April 20} 60) 101) 12) 30] 37] 71
May 20] 41! 94) 11) 17] 31) 36
June 24) 45) 79) 27) 25) ail 26
July 8] B4l G4 9a) wean! 8
August 14] 28] 119} 9] 15) 37| 35
ae September} 38] 51) 125) 13} 29) 41} 15
MeDermit. October 20} 54) 128! 30] 26) 43) 27
November} 25] 59] 90] 18] 34) 84] 32
December} 15) 106] 100} 28] 33) 91) 62
Spring 52] 147] 312] 35] 89! 114] 188
Summer ! 36] 107] 262} 32) 42) so] 89
Autumn 83] 164] 343} 61] 89] 168] 74
Winter 39] 160] 331} 51] 83) 211) 233
The syears il 5.7llll sse| see tlt eeed|| basta eecenal| eeee
January 26) 13) <2) 4) 15) 24) 31
February | 33] 15 Al 13) LO} Al 27,
March I) 20) 4 8) 21 a ard Bs
April SL 7 7) 18) 4) 56) 60)
May 40) 15} 4! 19) 28] “57| 40]
June 14) 22) 34) 36) 25) 38 45)
July 25] 11] 24) 32! 37] 35] 49
mat August 16; 5] 41) 50) 33) 32) 36)
SWantala September 5) 4/ 11) 31) 22, 58) 65)
Scott. October 21; 27) IL 19) 3} 40 64)
oo November; 16] 8] 8] 17] 13] 35] 43
December} 89] 19] 16] 27) 31] 45) 4s| | slic aeeanb ll eee a
Spring 91) 36} 19] 53) 49] 170) 135| 275] oj|N. 74 11 W.|.46 | N. 55 W.|.21 | 276
Summer 55] 38) 99) 118) 95) 105] 130] 88| 100|S. 27 41 W.|.15 |S. 56 EH, |.24 | 276
Autumn 42} 39] 30) 67] 38] 133] 172] 76] 62/S. 75 22 W.|.34 | 8. 34 W.].11 | 212
Winter 148) 47| 19} 44) 56) 123) 106) 211) 59|N. 65 31 W.|.252| N. 20} E. |.11 | 271
LUCY ET os ll aaanllecass Ifecceell icces I coo lh ood ass il cee NS Ge) @) WW Re eaten -- {1035
Spring 143} 183] 331) 88/ 138) 284] 323) 347| 2|N. 64 41 W.|.15 | N.50 W.|.09 | 613
40. [ Summer 91) 145) 361) 150) 137, 185| 219 155) 120/8. 58 18 EB. /.08 |S. 71 E. |.14 | 521
Northern Autumn | 134) 203) 374) 130) 138 367) 347) 168] 127|/S. 51 13 W.|.07}| 8. 10 KE. |.053| 637
Nevada.2 Winter 188} 207) 350) 95) 139 334) 406 295) 68|N. 70 42 W.|.15 | N.59 W.|.085| 694
The year? | -..2) | <2. || sez | cae | on) | cen || ceo || coe || cen (Nb 840 48) Wel-O7) | lieeeeeeeeacinl eee aestaee
Spring 6} 18/ 90} 94| 70, 965] 87) 95/ 33)S. 39 33 W.|.643| 8. 77} W.|.14 | 399
Summer 24) 28) 122) 105) 119) 415] 114) 16] 161/S. 23 42 W.|.384| N.47 E. |.17 | 306
nee Autumn | 25/ 34] 146/ 213) 74) 951| 109) 22) 26/8. 23 33 W.|.55 |S. 574 B. |.07 | 424
Halleck. Winter 23} 35) 139} 141) 69/1120) 91) 37] 33/S. 32 59 W.|.62 |S. 48 W.|.07 | 454
The -years) |! (ae. | e22) 1.22, 5] seat |iseer || eaeenlt eon eee | eee SSeS Oley ONCV Alea bia | emeeeenenens se (1583
' Camp McGarry. 2 Camps McDermit and Winfield Scott, and Star City.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 263

(Nos. 42 and 43.) Nevada.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFEREN'’T POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the

observations. year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.

alm or
Ratio of resultant

tween S. & E.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

2 | Number of days.

| January

| February
March
April
May
June

July

| August
September
October
November
December
Spring 2) 164) 152
Summer 165) 98
Autumn 200} 163
Winter 240) 81
DUN 37 |) sca || G05 |} G00" |} 200 I} 500
43 Spring 182) 242 1168) :
North- Summer 193} 220 594
Autumn 42) 234) 309 1152

Reese | || Winter: 275| 220 1397
OVERS The year? cee ean | sh

. 58° 1/ W.|.33
69 22 W.).322
52 23 W.|.36
55 59 W..404|
58 43 W. .35

66 28 W.'.34}
70 7 W.|.25%
67 9 W.!.28
69 41 W.|.36
68 16 W.|.30

ANRANAAAAA

1 Camp Halleck and Fort Ruby. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 44 and 45.) Idaho, south of latitude 45°.
Observed by U. S. Army Surgeons at the following military posts, viz.:—
Cantonment Loring or Fort Hall, from August, 1849, to April, 1850, inclusive.
Fort Boise, for an aggregate period of 56 months, in the years 1864 to 1869 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF 1HE COMPASS. 2 influences, s
; 5 : £8 5,
a a aes JE a 3
Place of Time of 23 3 £23 S2 g | Direction of | 25 %
observations, | the year. ne a By Se] no resultant. ays Direction. =
a|oa Woe} 2 Sell wtileall SS oz 3 3
5 a8] 3 jas] 2 Fe] B Re| ge Ee BE
Z\22| a |a2| a loz) E laelS a & | &
() January BON a7 sal) 63) 53) 26) 40) 35) 78) oe... necuilbs uot ences coo || UG)
| February | 78] 54] 32) 35) 44) 30) 69) 100) 68) ............ ode cco |} Ltr)
March 56] 57) 53) 50) 67] 56) 96) 64) 59 186
April 71| 54] 62| 47/ 39] 34) 89| 73| v1 180
May 64) 63) 26) 35) 40) 50) 66) 61) 60 155
June 21) 30) 35) 22) 56) 48] 81) 46) 21 120
44 July 23) 22) 31) 27) 33) 42] 95) 59) 40 124
Ritire August 38} 31] 36) 24) 18) 52) 66) 65) 42 124
Rea September} 56] 25) 51) 32) 15) 30) 65) 48) 38 120
Tanned October 54) 45) 41) 27 7| 23) 58) 44 73 124
i November| 57) 66) 40) 29) 11) 15) 39) 34) 69 120
December | 101) 82) 36) 63) 21) 32) 54) 54) 22) .......... | - cco. |) LEYS)
Spring 191] 174] 141) 132) 146; 140) 251) 198 190)N. 48°54’ w.).11 | S. - |.032} 521
Summer 82) 83] 102) 73) 107) 142) 242) 170) 103/N. 89 34 W.).23 |S -|.18 | 368
Autumn 167) 136) 132) 88) 33] 68) 162) 126) 180)N. 2 24 W.).19 . |-dl | 364
Winter 259} 193] 101) 161) 118] 88] 163] 189) 168/N. 1 50 W.|.163 | -10 | 480
Mae yee | coo lees MI coe: | cea |) cog |} ceo |) coo Mona lI teen | PNB SAY Bs Anvalallers «- (1733
(| March 25 0} 17 CQ} eh) ah (I) Sadeadc0n6o0 00 31
April il) 0 3 0} 60 1} 21 0 0 30
August 12 0 9 2| 19) 23) 47 2 0 31
September| 22 3 9 1) 41 6; 31; O 0 30
45. October ig) BH] a ZB BB 31
South- November} 14, 4) 7 8] 74) 3) 7 3 OO 30
eastern Decemibery | ies Sms |u| Oy 5/d]! ae O| te |e Ol O |iece-lessiemetees 206 31
Idaho.? Spring 44 0} 20 0} 114, 1) 36 2) OS. 14 39 W.|.3: 61
Summer 12} 0} “9) 2] 19) 23) 47) 2) O|S. 66 47 W.|.52 31
Autumn 55| 12) 19] 10) 164; 14 73) 4) Oj|S. 24 3 W.|.36 91
Winter 115 9) 21 2) 169 2) 12 3 O|S: 15 19 EB. |-15 | 90
The year? eens: asl oles S. 33 47 W.!.30 273

' Fort Boise. 2 Cantonment Loring or Fort Hall. 8 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

264 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 46 to 50.) Utah, north of latitude 40°.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Camp Douglas, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 6? years, in the years 1862 to 1869
inclusive.

Camp Floyd,‘ by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 18 months, in the years 1860 and 1861.

Camp Scott, by Post Surgeons, from December, 1857, to June, 1858, inclusive. ~

Coalville, by Thomas Bullock, during the last eight months of the year 1869.

Fort Bridger, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 92 years, in the years 1856 to 1869
inclusive.

Great Salt Lake City, by H. EH. and W. W. Phelps, for an aggregate period of nearly 6 years, in
the years 1857, 1861 and 1863 to 1869 inclusive; and by U. 8S. Army Surgeon during the months
of November and December, 1854.

Wanship, by Thomas Bullock, for an aggregate period of 25 years, in the years 1866 to 1869
inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place and Time of the
kind of year.
observations.

Direction,

to sum of winds,

variable:

alm or
Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween 8. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W. |}

| a
Number of days.

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring

|
|
|
|

|

oe
Douglas.

WNNwNowooococowos

PRRAAARAAA AAA

09 o>
SNOW hb

Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
J | Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring

[|
Summer
Autumn
| Winter

co
bo

f

Ln
2
o8
te
oe
oF
i)
Ae

miles.

aaqhagghhq Peer!

The year?

tr t
me

| Spring A 6.00 6.17 4.33 5.14 2.00/6.10
Summer 8 0.3.79 8.20 6.78 4.40 3.00
Autumn [3.82 /2.00/3.20 4.00 7.44 4.00 4.00
Wiuter 250' 0) t 0/5.67| O 0

Za
ict
Bis
2 2
gn
ae
5s
a a
=e
q+
Ea
©

om
8
HO
Sp
TD id
8
|
a

es
oom

=

M’n vel. in No. of

| miles p- h’r.

! Fort Crittenden. 2 From these observations we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. |Summer.} Autumn, | Winter. | The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 5.03 5.24 4.85 4,59 4.93
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity 2.25 81 Brel
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass, each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . 5 > C : 3 2.21 26 43
Excess of the latter over the former . 9 . . ° » | —.04

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 265

(Nos. 48 to 50.) Utah.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE aes Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place and Time of
resultant.

kind of the year.
observations.

Direction.

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds
Number of days.

| N. E. or be-

|
Oe : "
| tw een N. & E.

|

Spring 472
Summer 844
Autumn I7é 3) 645
Winter é J 488
The year3 | ... cco oo. |} oso. ||) eee
Spring 3) 137, 106
Summer |g 3} 257) 2771
Autumn 6 ? 199
Winter 33] 123
The year ooo || coo bea |] oso ff dec
Spring 578
Summer /1125] 6 334 41)1115
Autumn /|1028 | 844
Winter 1233 611
The year? | ... | ... | ... sc9..|] 06 |)" ceo

January 497
February 5) 453
March 528
April 2) 502
May 429
June f 394
July } 463
August 5 369
September 3 § 47| 478
October 428
November 39) 422
December 467
Spring 2 5/1459
; Summer ) 6¢ ) 1226
Autumn } 1328
Winter , 94) 1417)
MNOS EET | c55 || G50 |b 600 |!) 000 |} con II) coos} ce

Spring j 5

{
Summer 1
if

Sy

Surface
wind

48. Northern Central Utah.!

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

ZAZAAZRUEEAAA AA

Surface winds.

5S.
N.
8.
N.

49. Fort Bridger.

Autumn 2
Winter 13
The year’ ooo. |I!ca0 06
50 Spring 1552
Nanine Summer 1247

Autumn } 1328)
eastern Winter =I 1426)
Utah.2 ameer rs

The year’

Motion
of clouds.

ADAN WAM

42444" PEE ggasi |

' Camps Douglas and Floyd, Coalville, Great Salt Lake City and Wanship.
2 Fort Bridger and Camp Scott. 5 Computed from the resultants for the season.

(Nos. 51 to 55.) Wyoming.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Camp Walbach, by Post Surgeons, from December, 1858, to March, 1859, inclusive.

Deer Creek Agency, by Thomas 8. Twiss, during the months of November and December, 1859.

Fort Fetterman, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 12 months, in the years 1868 and
1869. ~

Fort Laramie, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 143 years, in the years 1849, 1851
to 1865 inclusive, and 1869; also by A. F. Zeigler, from September, 1863, to November, 1864,
inclusive, and March, 1865.

Fort Philip Kearney, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 31 months, in the years 1867,
1868 and 1869.

34 January, 1875,

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

~e
Cc
lop)

(Nos. 51 to 55.) Wyoming.— Continued.
Fort Sanders, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 24 years, in the years 1867, 1868
and 1869.
Gilbert?’s Trading Post, by Charles H. Miller, during the months of December, 1858, and Jan-
uary, 1859.
Sweet Water Bridge, from March to May inclusive, in the year 1864.

| RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE : Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ica influences. F
] j 7 ee z
| |) del ae ale Fi é
Place of | Time of | 34 3 | 23 34) | Direction of | 2S ; s
observations. | the year. ni re ys be pe resultant. we Direction. '
qc |e Shane cpu) Se eo) |e on . = d 2
| &/Ao| & |Ao| BIeS| Bes le e Eo zg
z |2f| alaiz| & la] & laelS" Ee &| &
(|Jamuary® | 5 1 1 1; 14) 31) 65) 10 2 31
| | March 10 7 AN TAS 21 23) ey lr|eezi 10, 31
51. | April 5 fl Alene 5] 28) 14) 25 30
Western } May 0} 26 PA al 0} 23) 13) 28} to, || 31
Wyoming.' | | December} 8 9) 20 5 5| 22) 24 0 “83 31
| Spring 15) 40; 8 7 7 74) 44) 81 43 | 92
| Winter 13] 10| 21| 6] 19) 53] 89! 10| 48 62
( January 25| 4). 11) 18) 17) 24) 58) 93) 29 cee 93
February 33 8} 17) 28) 42) 27; 20! 56) 24 ée 5 85
| March 35} 22 8} 24) 42) 43) 25) 68) 12 cs 93
| April 52) 18) 14) 29) 50) 18) 13) 65) 11 bn 90
| May 59) V3). 13) 27) 52) 28)" 18) 250) 19) ~-... : 93
June 53] 12) 3) 7} 34) 54) 36) 45) 6) .... _s 90
aD July 55) 17 0} 27) 57| 55 Wl Bisi PBN ease 33 93
North | August 13} 8] Oo} 23] 68] 380] 0} 16] 28] .... ie : 62
Sioa | September] 5] 0] 0) 22) 67] 35] 5] 22] 24 ; a 60
PW soentne-24| | October el) 0) a] | al] a) BN a : 62
yomims-"| | November| 12! 16] 20] 18) 30) 11] 24) 9} 40} .... 7 60
December | 25) 16) 23 9 Gi cL Ach 2D | 20 | eweyem stearic ech 62
Spring 146) 53] 35) 80) 144) 89) 56] 183) 42)/N. 67 31 W.|.163| N 13 | 276
Summer | 121] 37! 3] 67] 159) 139) 43] 99} 67/S. 57 1 W./.22 |S 053| 245
Autumn 24) 17| 20) 55/ 167) 67) 29] 69] 98/S. 29 13 W.|.35 |S 24 | 182
Winter 83} 28] 51) 55] 65| 62] 122) 174) So|N. 66 27 W.|.27 | N 18 | 240
The years | c- \|) sos e|) coe) ||eomn||itewen le teretel[teoatal ieee | teem] Sean LOMO CLV Via) w. | 943
(| Spring 39| 40) 100} 44) 43) 35) 133) 134) 77|N. 55 51 W.1.18 | N 103} 215
53. | Summer 33] 24) -83] 66] 86] '78| 127) 102) 49/S. 5§ 36 W.|.193/S 143) 216
Fort } Autumn 58} 48] 88} 52) 118) 82) 230] 150; 83/S. 86 25 W.}.26 |S 06 | 303
Saunders. { Winter 61} 40; 64) 27) 45) 57] 196) 152) 87|N. 68 19 W.!.345|N 14 | 243
The year® || sso. jl) Soot eeeall weeceall wleaen| resell stom tte Meese IN SES oumeE mV leo 977
January | 151) 87| 127) 44) 24] 122) 688) 286) 89) ............ 5a 496
| February | 140} 71| 94! 27) 28) 93) 681| 248 3 a 433
March 136] 96) 120) 23) 31) 66/ 667) 283) 97 465
April 144} 109) 183) 49) 48] 44) 449) 289) 85 420
May 91) 142) 244) 83) 82] 108) 535] 209) 56 496
June 71| 95) 262) 125) 123) 153) 386) 136) 14 454
July 97| 151) 215) 127) 122) 112) 306] 95) 77 434
54, August 83) 135) 344) 157) 89) 151! 328] 186) 30 501
Fort September] 122) 157| 243) 85) 102) 132) 463) 264) 52 540
Laramie.3 || October | 126) 163) 186} 63] 58) 122) 602] 351) 28 566
November| 165! 210 130) 43) 68) 131 668) 264| 34 552
December | 186] 141) 118) 18] 52) 143 775) 276) TA) ose see sents wes . | 558
Spring 371| 347| 547) 155] 161) 2181631) 781} 238\N. 62 36 W.|.362] N. 05} |1381
Summer | 251) 381) 821) 409) 334) 4161020) 417) 1215S. 66 1 W.|.06 |S. 283 |1389
Autumn | 413} 530) 559) 191) 228) 385/1733) 879) 114/N. 63 85 W.|.344] N. 034 |1658
Winter A77| 299) 339) 89) 104) 358 2144) 810) 166,N. 70 22 W.}.543] N. 223 |1487
(|e years: | Se. ill sacl) see) ||luesenl eres all teed | eeeen | cece: | |(ieeeeal| NC Simian emeacy . |5915
5B (| Spring 442) 405) 675) 240) 277) 323)1825) 961) 315 N. 65 25 W.|.32 | N. 05 (1719
South- || Summer | 304) 431) 929 532) 460) 5501174) 544) 170S. 55 33 W.|.08 |S. 25 |1697
Gasteen {| Autumn | 492) 602) 684) 282) 382° 5702093)1075 205.N. 70 24 W.).32 | N. 03 |2112
Ww oniA «| | Winter 559) 351) 428) 137] 205) 549)2503}1009| 265|N. 73 39 W.|.49 | N. 19 |1910
y Cedmuybesy acerca || emi loess |) coll Geall can l| ces ll coo N. 73 32 W.|.30 7438
! Gilbert’s Trading Post and Sweet Water Bridge. 2 Fort Philip Kearney.
3 Camp Walbach, Deer Creek Agency, and Forts Fetterman, Laramie and Sanders.
4 Separate months for the last seven years only. 5 Surface winds and motion of clouds combined.

5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 267

(Nos. 56 to 58.) Colorado, north of jatitude 40°.
Observed by Post Surgeons at the following military posts, viz. :—

fort Morgan, for an aggregate period of 25 months, in the years 1867, 1868 and 1869.
fort Seanalsy HOR an ag BEBE IE periods of 29 eS in the Pek geo IESE and 1869.

cee
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

=p

im ee

gj a 2 iE | Be
Place of | Time of the 33 oa $2 £4 | Direction of | 3 al
observations. year. Bei at | 5a be | 53 resultant. BE Direction, iss
| | es lee “a ] ys |isa al a 6 io
= lag) olas| 3 |B] 2 ES les 28 alle
Z|\ee| @|ab| wm |ae| & le2/8" ea gE | 2
Spring 36] 95] 124.107} 50} G7] 71| 95) 90/S. 88° 6’. |.11 | N. 16° wW.l.13 | 245
56. Summer 38) 8} 127/ 110) 149) 29) 37) 34 20/5. 35 40 E. |.40 |S. 24 B. |.22 | 184
Fort | Autumn 35) 24 93] 125) 36) 32) 68] 17, 26/S. 49 17 E. |.28 |S. 51 E. |.09 | 152
Morgan. || Winter 14) 42) 157) 90; 12) 41) 147; 91) 42/N. 71 10 E. |.02 |N. 43 W.l.1s | 212
IL] We Spee! oso coo coo {I cos ff 68 I!) doa Peco cast ll ‘ene uISs 243) BY oe IG) Pa 793
(| Spring 26) 109! 40) 106) 44) 131) 63) 189 27|N. 75 31 W.|.14 |N.73 2. |.03 | 245
57. { ‘Summer 35} 102} 39) 134) 103) 116) 69] 109 28/S. 13 5 W.|.13 |S. 42 RB. |.21 | 245
Fort 4) Autumn 55) 74) 24) 76) 38) 89) 100) 118 65/N. 72 46 W.|.19 | N. 27 W.|.033] 213
Sedgwick f Winter 34; 44) 19) 41) 45) 46) 106) 168 49)N. 66 32 W.|.35 | N. 53 W./.19 | 184
ANNE YAR |] cco |} coo! |] ceo |} cee, |} ceo ff coo I) ose! cee |] can le GL AD Aol HI scoonos oon «. | 887
58 f Spring 62) 204) 164) 213) 94) 198) 134) 284 117,N. 35 23 W.|.02 | N.11 E. |.06 | 490
North. | Summer | 73) 110) 166) 244 252) 145) 106) 143 48S. 21 29 HE. j.23 |S. 28 E. |.20 | 429
eet orn 41 Autumn 90) 98) 117) 201; 74) 121) 168) 135) 915. 23 18 W. -09 |S. 69 E. |.04 | 365
i Colorado.! | Winter 48) 86) 176) 131) 57) 87) 253) 259° 91N. 64 39 W.|.16 | N. 473 W.|.163| 396
TU) BM VEE TT cee ff goa! |f ceo |} ase |] cas dl cos |} cee |) cee | a8 ae ZB Wreic@) |) copooeees ... |1680

|

1 Forts Morgan and Sedgwick. 2 Computed from the

(Nos. 59 to 62.) Dakotah, south of latitude 45°.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Fort Dakota, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 10 months, in the years 1866, 1868
and 1869.

Fort Pierre, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 21 months, in the years 1855, 1856
and 1857; also by M. C. Rosseau, for an aggregate period of 8 months, in the years 1860 and
1861

Fort Randall, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of nearly 12 years, in the years 1856 to
1869 inclusive.

Fort Sully, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 19 months, in the years 1866, 1868 and
1869.

Greenwood, by F. Norvell, from November, 1859, to May, 1861, and 4 months in 1862.

Yankton, by S. D. Hill, during the month of March, 1860.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observations. year. Direction.

W. or be-

or be-
variable.
to sum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

tween 8. & W.
tween N.& W.
Number of days.

N. W.
Calm or

tween N. & EB.

N. E. or be-

| —
Spring . 22°58) EB. |. We 7 10;
Summer | . 73 24 E. |.28 |S. 491 E. |.2
Autumn | 8 8 p fell ZA \WYolle 8. 45 W.|.
Winter fil) Be 3) 99) 25)N. 11 25 W.|.29 | N. 322 W.

~~)
=
co

=

oO

H
He co
=)

The year!

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

268 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 60 to 62.) Dakotah.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE :
influences,

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place and Time of resultant.

kind of | the year.
observations.

( Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer

A |
a
i
2 { Autumn
|
L
= If
|
4
|
;

Direction.

or be-
tween S.& W.

variable.
to sum of winds.

W.
Number of days.

tween S.& E.
N. W. or be-
Ratio of resultant

w
= tween N.& W.

S E. or be-
s.
Calm or

42'N. 9° 31/8. |.
20/8. 84 §
49|N. 45
51\N. 24
eis

Surface
winds.

spe
. 34
“ak
- 42 4
.35 2
- 36
t

miele
. for)
ket

bo

or

ow

=
2 09
op:
to oo

Motion

combined. of clouds.

Winter

The year®
Spring f
Summer . 80
Autumn . 44

| | yl aa 7| ‘i
Winter | | 2 5 26

> Wp
a _©9 0o

ANIA AAann wihwmis

is
S .

Be. 2;
aghei dae

60. Southern Central Dakotah.!

| daaPPaasaareqe

2 preceding

Ne

ee
Randall.

January
February
March
| April
May
June
July
| August
October

| November

| Spring
Summer
f
| |

1

|

eo

The year

September
December
Autumn

= 5
FwnnwwrrobppNueaune

Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter 208
The year? | ... | ... | Age

aa!

62.
South-
eastern
§ Dakotah.?

N. 8} W..02 1396
N. 5 W. .093|1416
oa ae

W.!.
E. |.
W.).
W.|.
2 W.
W.|.
AWiclls
Welle
W.|.
W.|.

1 Forts Pierre and Sully.
2 Greenwood, Yankton and Forts Dakotah and Randall—surface winds and motion of clouds combined.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 63 to 63.) Southern and Northeastern Nebraska.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Blackbird Hills, by Rev. Wm. Hamilton, for an aggregate period of 24 months, in the years
1867, 1868 and 1869.

Dakota City, by H. H. Brown, for an aggregate period of 16 months, in the above years.

Decatur, by G. C. Case, from March to July inclusive, in the year 1869.

De Soto, by Charles Seitz, from May, 1867, to December, 1869, inclusive.

Fort Kearney, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of nearly 154 years, in the years 1849
to 1863, and 1865 to 1868 both inclusive.

Fort McPherson, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 24 months, in the years 1866,
1868 and 1869.

Tonia, by L. J. Hill, during the months of July and August, 1865.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 269

(Nos. 63 to 65.) Southern and Northeastern Nebraska.— Continued.

a

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a3 influences.
— Pe | na
Alpe Uwe) ee Bla g
Place and Time of ge | oa =) 53 g | Direction of | £5 wa
kind of the year. ni een Ey by |.5 | resultant. |<< | Direction.
observations. 4 | oa Se 4 Se $ ta | oS ae 5 3
S/A8| edo] SBS] & Fels 35 Boe
a \KE| @ aé| a lat] & lee |S Ee S|
(| January | 396) 115) 66, 71/ 183} 173) 294) 281
February | 297) 145] 56 86 196) 167) 203) 253
March 271 156) 81 134 198) 128) 122) 278
April 329, 194) 94 178 148 104) 81) 308
May 195) 223) 117, 188, 205) 117) 123) 162)
June 161; 172} 105 700, 272 109) 103) 154
July 118) 174] 117, 249 370 164) 87/81
63. August 202) 213} 142 209 380) 146) 95) 79
Fort 4 | September] 239) 192] 101 126, 339] 118] 139) 154
Kearny.! October 400} 119) 61 104) 248) 139) 208) 259
November] 488) 147) 54 127) 188) 113) 235) 321
December | 422) 115 45, 89) 176) 86) 164) 244
Spring 795) 573) 292 500 ool) 349) 326) 748] ... IN. 5° 3/ W.|.14 1380
Summer | 481) 559) 364'1158'1022) 419) 285) 314) ... |S..36 44 KE, |.28 1319
Autumn 1127) 458] 216) 357) 775) 370) 582) 734] ... |N. 39 57 W./.19 1416
Winter 1115) 375 167 246) 555) 426) 661) 778) ... |N. 45 12 W.).29 1470
The yeart | ... | ... oo5 |! ‘oc! If 6 000 . |N. 33 21 W.'.08 - |5585
rlsbrice 907| 607 353 550| 653 397) 429) 841) ... |N. 12 22 W.!.13 07 |1581
Summer | 530} 623) 431,1257/1124) 465) 347) 365] ... |S. 36 37 E. |.27 35 |1499
Pe iarn | Autumn {1243/ 488) 272 451) 878) 454) 649/ 910) ... |N. 43 31 W.|.183 104 |1658
Nebraska. | | Winter 1252) 414) 225) 301) 631) 480) 795) 953) ... |N. 46 22 W.! 292 21 |1713
[Lj eae) EBT I eco) cco |] 900 |} cos |] cca |] coo | cco I coo | oe [No BB) BH) uke 6451
| Spring 325] 193) 154, 174) 326) 143) 163) 366) 77)N. 32 45 W.'.103 215
© | 8 ||Summer | 212) 76) 81] 133) 551] 178] 130! 179] 2s/S. 22 6 w.!.26 338
£ | $34) Autumn | 259) 73] 66| 134| 407| 173] 219] 314] 62/S. 75 24 W...21 273
«| 2 Ee Winter 310] 78) 54) 136) 276] 149} 202) 379] so|N. 67 12 W.|.24 212
5 |?” (| The year B3i'|f acest ees ee foe || cob Il cc IS WO Wells 1038
Z a (| Spring 38] 12/ 3] 12] 17 19 20) 48] ... |N. 48 47 W.).37 215
a | 8g | | Sommer 32/ 9) 12) 15; 16) 42) 34) 30) ... |N. 85 56 W.|.292 276
$14364| Autumn | 27) 4) 3) 5| 4] 24) 15) 37] ... |N. 57 10 W.|.49 213
213° || Winter 16) 5) oO} 6. 7 11) 9) 23) ... JN. 56 25 W.I.39 | ......... 153
a 2 |) Whe senie? |} ccs |] 50 |] dof) G40 I] cao |} ano | cco |] cos |} coo NIG GO) IB) WHC |EBIS). I] sssosbeds --- | 857
= | 23 (| Spring 363] 205) 157) 186) 343) 162) 183 414) 77|N. 36 55 W.|.13 | N. 36 E. |.144| 215
so 18 2 || Summer | 244; 85) 93) 148) 567) 220) 164) 209) 28/S. 29 11 W.|.254/ S. 103 E. |.214| 338
- | 9:5 {| Autumn | 286) 77) 69} 139) 411) 197) 234) 351) 62/S. 81 28 W.|.22 |S. 70 W.|.06 | 273
6S | 28 || Winter 326) 83) 54} 142) 283) 160; 211) 402) 80)N. 66 26 W.!.25 | N. 30 W.).13 | 212
eS [ TAG 77608 It coo || Gea || cco be || es ll dee Il eon h oll ees IEE CB ZO) wee ee: | ... |1038

' Separate months only from the year 1849 to 1854 inclusive, and subsequent to 1859.
2 Forts Kearny and McPherson. 3 Blackbird Hills, Dakota City, Decatur, De Soto and Ionia.

4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ES

(Nos. 66 to 68.) Southeastern Nebraska.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Bellevue, by Rev. Wm. Hamilton, Henry M. Burt and Miss E. E. Caldwell, for an aggregate
period of 114 years, from June, 1857, to December, 1862, May, 1863, to February, 1867, April to
June, 1867, and March, 1868, to December, 1869, all inclusive.

Brownsville, by Chas. B. Smith, for an aggregate period of 14 months, in the years 1858, 1859
and 1860. :

Council Bluffs,' by U. S. Army Surgeons, during the years 1822 to 1826 inclusive.

Lilkhorn,? by John 8. and Anna M. J. Bowen, for an aggregate period of 104 years, in the years
1859 to 1869 inclusive.

Fontenelle, by Henry Gibson, from January, 1861, to June, 1862, and from September to De-
cember, 1863, both inclusive.

Glendale, by Dr. A. C. Child and Miss J. E. Child, from August to October, 1861, and from
February, 1866, to October, 1869, both inclusive.

Kenosha, by Bela White, from January to May, 1860, and from July, 1860, to May, 1862, both
inclusive.

' This military post was located on the west bank of the Missouri River, in the maps of the United States War
Department, and is placed some miles to the northwest of the present city of Council Bluffs, lowa. 2 Or Richland.

270 WINDS OF THE

(Nos. 66 to 68.) Southeastern Nebraska.— Vo

GLOBE.

nlinued.

Nebraska City, by P. Zahner, from July, 1868, to June, 1869, and from October to December,

1869, both inclusive.

Nursery Hill, by R. O. Thompson, during the first five months of the year 1865.

Omaha, by Wm. N. Byers, from May, 1857, to December,

1859, inclusive ;

by James P. Allan,

for an aggregate period of 8 months, in the years 1860 and 1861, and by C. B. Wells, for an agere-

gate period of 4 months, in 1868 and 1869.

Peru, by J. M. McKenzie, for an aggregate period of 5 months in the years 1867 and 1869.
Rock Bluffs, by H. C. Pardee, from October, 1860, to February, 1861, inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, oa influences, ;
; : Segoe | &
if A 2 2 Fil s
Place and kind of | Time of the 23 o3 32 53 3 | Directionof | $3 | | 4
observations. year, ni fay By) be ea resultant. Cor) i Direction. ©
a ae 5 | 2b] a] 2 | eg oa = 2 oes
= |AS] gles] 3 | ES | | Fs | es Ze! 2 |.
= ee alse lice jaeal Ealieenia ja | Eg! £
(| January 42} 12) 2) 20) 35 id) = a) ees
February 32) 5 2} 10) 26 15] 12) 39
March 53 Da al 18 10 6 34 |
April 27) 11) 9) 22 41 Gy ala 20 H
May 14) 12 9} 18 61 13 |e 19 eet
June TG lS eG 24 49 13 9 10 H
July 13] 13] 16] 30| 49| 18) 3| 13 |
66 August 25 ‘i me Ls oe | 5 10 i
+7 : September| 17 2) 20 B GiGi: |
Cosa aa ite a eras 38} 3] 5| 18; 38 25| | 20 thi |
November 52 Gy eA i 34 ate aS) 26 wae
December 66} 10 3] 13 29 ie 24 Eoitesceoa tl tec
Spring 94) 32! 22) 61) 120 32) 26 73 8. 35° 30/ W.).05
Summer 54| 37| 49) 68) 158 44, 17 33 BS. -21 1) B.}.3L,)
Autumn 107} 23) 19) 50) 115 47| 23 69 S. 71 28 W.|.08 455
Winter 140} 27; 7 43 90 33! 20 91) N. 32 43 W.|.21 451
The year 395| 119; 97) 222) 483) 161) 86) 266) ... |S. 29 54 W.|.053 '1826
coal (ae Spring Zu Oh 2 TA | EASED aI eset Sire aye Wired Beri ; 31
5S Sisie Summer 126] 17; 11) 36) 182 35} 11 41 Sola Wialblole 184
25 638 Autumn 10s} 29] 27} 59) 121 44, 29 69 S. 49 57 W.|.049 | | 182
Bs |aa* | | Winter S17 Gael NG | eel eos ee lel eo N. 89 38 W.|.204 62
eS 2 Phel\y-edre |l\>tcev||) fees ||beee dll ees alll cesta eee eee | beeetal eet ound oe Se mVV lao | 459
So (| Spring 53 0 0} 22 32) 107 6} 168) ... |N. 75 17 W.|.42
aa 33 | Summer 652] 103] 61] 245) 1204) 308) 66! 414)... |S. 25 1 W.).19
Ea 6a Autumn 979| 176) 145} 359) 1226) 365) 116) 622) ... |S. 56 25 W.).08
ae | 4A | Winter 230/ 12| 4} 18] 109} 86] 26 180) ... )N. 45 52 W.|.332
Pies HUN CER Se84|| cco || ct || by. ||) scoc|) cee |] on, |) cn N. 83 45 W.|.224
se1ade Spring 13.25 0 0'5.50| 4.57) 26.75] 3.00) 12.92
no Lai 5 [ Summer 5.17)| 6.06) 5.55) 6.81) 6.62) 8.80) 6.00} 10.10
n® | 244 )] Autumn | 9.06] 6.07|5.37| 6.08) 10.13] 8.30]4.00] 9.01
© (25-2 (| Winter | 6.22/2.00/ 2.00/3.00] 2.66] 3.74/2.36] 6.21
Q f 3 (| Spring 1768/1151) 549/1502| 1336] 766] 461) 2425] 303/N. 12 10 W.
2 og Summer | 1032/1131) 620)2108| 2438) 1114) 354) 1134) 438)S. 24 54 E. |.
cae 8 Autumn 1482) 842) 314/1478} 1847) 1080) 521) 2444) 532)N. 81 57 W.).
= 2 Hale Winter 1582] 772) 300)1169) 1553) 1126) 714) 2809) 426)N. 62 45 W.
aes The year | 5864.3896)1783/6257) 7174] 4086/2050) 8812/1699/N. 52 58 W.|.
as is Spring 462) 138| 107) 179} 332] 351) 464) 529) ... |N. 73 17 W.).
aA g = Summer 319] 160) 71) 240} 482) 525} 480) 421 5. 69 46 W.].
ae, Soe Autumn 304] 122) 69] 116) 253) 346] 375) 460 N. 82 17 W.|.
23] a2 Winter 457| 164) 103) 144) 293) 359) 448) 565 N. 67 28 W.|.
Sim 2 TUN EEETS || reo |] con tf ono || cen ce ace ||. o00 «. | «= |N. 83 54 W.|.¢
ES) SLs Spring 2230/1289] 656/1681| 1668) 1117) 925) 2954) 303)N. 33 29 W.).
Se | os Summer | 1351/1291) 691/2348} 2920) 1639) 834) 1555) 438/S. 4 8 E. |.
Se sors Autumn | 1786] 964) 383/1594| 2140) 1426) 896) 2904) 532)N. 82 5 W.|.
ie) ae Winter 2039} 936) 403/1313) 1846) 1485/1162) 3374) 426|/N. 64 8 W.).
a ee 3 The year ng 2133/6936) 8574) 5667/3817|10787|1699|N. 82 14 W.|.

' From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

| Spring. Summer: Autumn.| Winter. |The year,

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour ; 11.4 6.65 8.21 4.29
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds ‘from every |

point of the compass move with the foregoing average velocity . 3.27 0.87 40 -88 1.11
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several

points of the compass each their own average velocity, as shown in the |

table above . Mais ti | 4.90 | 1.25 66 | 1.44 |. 1.72
Excess of the latter over the former A | +1.63 38 -26 -56 -61

° Computed from the peanltants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45°

(Nos. 69 and 70.) Northwestern Iowa.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—
Grant City, by Edwin Miller and Mrs. Miller, during the year 1869.
Lizard, by J. J. Bruce, during the month of February, 1869.

N.

Onowa, by R. Stebbins, from February to September inclusive, in the year 1864.
Rolfe, by Oscar J. Strong, for an aggregate period of 22 months, in the years 1868

271

and 1869.

Sioux City, by Dr. J. J. Saville, for an aggregate period of 16 months, in the years 1857 and 1858;
and by A. J. Millard, from January, 1860, to March, 1863, inclusive, and by U. S. Army Surgeons,

during the first 4 months of 1864.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Kind of Time of
observations. the year.

N. E. or be-
tween N.& E.
S. E. or be-
tween 8S. & E.
S. W, or be-
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or
variable.

J

Autumn g ...|N. 78
Winter | + (8S. 26

No. of
observat’ns.

—— SS oo ee ean OOS OO

Summer | -/S. 54
Autumn | 13$ t eu tN. OD
Winter a 0 | 224) .../N. 80

No. of
miles.

tS:

in the year 1857.)

Summer
Autumn c
Winter 6 4 J 0 . 3.00) 10.33 11.20

69. Surface wind at Sioux City

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

Spring d 676
Summer 26| 603} 302 3} 321
Autumn j ) 46 | 517
Winter c 56 386) 1é 5 3} 713
The year? | ... 505 || coo coo | ono) || coo ae pon
Spring é | 287
Summer é 76 8 199
Autumn 124
Winter | 211
The year? | ... 80° || "iden op. |} cco |} S60 ee oc
Spring 3 1 y 963
Summer 26 5 y 520)
Autumn | 641
Winter 5 2 924
The year? 605 oo. |} coo eos. |} 000. |] too ae coe

Surface
wind.

a
r=
°
=
S
BS
Bs
na
=
=
s
»
s
mn
a
=
S
s
>

y
=I
o)
nm

He}
°
oe
r=)
he
©
Q
g
i=)
a
£
s
i-10)
2
tol
oo
ist)
<q
Ss
~~

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

Direction of
resultant.

Summer 6} ...|S. 41°16! W.|.<
6 W.|.
13 W...3:

W.!.
W..|.4
W.|.32

a

daF aaah4aecrz

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

ivy)
o
=)

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

' From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Autumn,

Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . 2 6 :

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds from every point of
the compass move with the foregoing average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several points of the
compass each their own average velocity, as shown in the table above 5

Excess of the latter over the former

9.70
2.78

4.25
41.47

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

6.72
2.21

2.20
—.01

272 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 71 and 72.) Southwestern Iowa.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—
Clarinda, by 8. H. Kridelbaugh, M.D., during January and December, 1865, and February, 1866.
‘ontanelle, by A. F. Bryant, for an aggregate period of over 33 years, in the years 1866 to 1869
inclusive.
Fort Croghan, by post surgeons, during nine months of the year 1843.
St. Mary’s, by D. E. Read, for an aggregate period of six months in the years 1853 and 1854.
Whitesboro, by David K. Witter, from December, 1867, to April, 1868, inclusive.
Woodbine, by H. Wady, from May to September inclusive, in the year 1868.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE | Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

pi!
: Direction of

Kind of Time of the
resultant,

observations. year. Direction.

to sum of winds,

tween S.& W.

N. W. or be-

tween N.&W.
variable,

Ratio of resultant

Calm or

tween 8. & E.
S. W. or be-

S E. or be-

53° 43/ E.

~)
S

Winter

obser-
“vat’ns.

Winter ele 26 2 Re 64 20 E.

Surface wind at

St. Mary’s in Jan.
and Feb. 1854.1
No. of
tiles

Winter 2 0, 7.76) 18.05) 5.20

velo-
city.

71.

y=
Mean

Surface

Spring 6) Le 200
Summer 92 232) 484
Autumn 1 34 307
Winter 222 79| 258
The year? | ... on

Spring “40
Summer 7) 85
Autumn j | 6) 36)
Winter : 22
The year? | ... | ...| .. se0) saa Weose, Pate lll. eco. I05. tS
Spring 193) 174 91} 240) 2 7| 289) 109 N.
Summer 94) 138} 269) 569) 28 7} 186] 175 8.
Autumn 63) 43 22) 343) 14 E 08) 173 8.
Winter 244/132) 109 96] 280) 212 377| 183 N.
Wheryear2 || fe. || seal cee Sie eccee Nl eckay || cone lh cto: [I gia: MIS

wind.

re

Motion
of clouds.

De

vations at all stations.

|
j
|
|

4224244444444"5

72. Aggregate number of obser-

Two
preceding
combined.

l

! From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Winter.

7.37

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . .
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds from every point ‘of the compass move
with the foregoing average velocity . : : 1.40
True velocity in mean direction, giving to ‘the winds from the "several pointe ‘of the compass each
their own average velocity, as shown in the table . 5 . : 0 2 3 ° 3.02
Excess of the latter over the former . 4 5 5 5 ‘ C : . 5 - < . |+1.62

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 73 to 77.) Minnesota, south of latitude 45°.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Afton, by Dr. B. F. Babcock, for an aggregate period of 34 months, in the years 1865, 1866, 1867
and 1869.

Bowles Creek, by Andrew Stouffer, during the month of December, 1865.

Chatfield, by T. F. Thickstun, for an aggregate period of 13 months, in the years 1860 and 1861.

Danville, by Thomas A. Kellett, during tive months of the year 1868.

Fort Ridgely, by post surgeons, for an aggregate period of nearly 13 years, in the years 1853
to 1867 inclusive.

Fort Snelling, by post surgeons, for an aggregate period of over 374 years, in the years 1822,
1824 to 1858, and 1867 to 1869, both inclusive.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 273

(Nos. 73 to 77.) Minnesota.— Continued.

Hastings, by T. F. Thickstun, from June, 1861, to May, 1862, inclusive.

Mankato, by William Kilgore, during the month of August, 1864.

Minneapolis, by William Cheney, for an aggregate period of over five years, from November, 1864,
to December, 1869, inclusive.

New Ulm, by Charles Roos, from February, 1864, to December, 1869, inclusive.

Pajutazee, by Rev. 8S. R. Riggs, for an aggregate period of 24 months, in the years 1860, 1861
and 1862.

Red Wing, by Rev. Jabez Brooks, during the months of November and December, 1855, and
April, 1856; and by A. M. Stephens, during the first eight months of the year 1867.

Rochester, by Alfred Milmine, during the first three months of the year 1869.

St. Paul, by Rev. A. B. Patterson, for an aggregate period of nearly 74 years, in the years 1861
to 1869 inclusive; and by J. M. Heimstreet, from October, 1866, to January, 1867, inclusive.

Sibley, by C. W. and C. HE. Woodward, for an aggregate period of over 54 years, in the years
1865 to 1869 inclusive.

Source of the Des Moines, by Nicollet.

Travers des Sioux, by Rev. R. Hopkins, during the months of March and April, 1851.

Wabashaw, by Spenser L. Hillier, during the month of December, 1857.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a4 influences, 5
; ; £48 B
| eal a .E SE pes
Place and Time of 23 led ae 82] | Direction of | 3% os
kind of the year. La ou aie) BA |.5 | resultant. |<< | Direction. is
observations. a|°s Ogi = SR . Seog 25 A o
S las] # |go| S leo) # |Bs] es ge ° 4
S| EF] @ vel So ISEIe | SelSe pan) & 5
24>) A lor] ow lar] Beeld fe & | 2
— — — |——|——|—— ———_——__| ————s ——
(| January 34; 78] 113) 194) 68) 103) 269] 364 | 403 §
February | 59) 92 162, 71) 122) 188) 381 307 |
March 64; 70} 109} 180° 79) 75) 215] 436 403
April 73| 88] 137] 160} 92] 77) 155) 310 | 3G0 |
May 102} 100} 177} 199; 80} 67) 160) 224 403
June 61] 68} 143) 193) 103) 88) 167) 156 330
July 65) 71) 153) 174) 142) 95) 142) 155 372
13. August 104) 99) 156) 226) 168) 132) 177) 153 403
Fort September| 119} 105) 172) 224) 123) 114) 191) 188 409
Ridgely. October 105) 109) 127) 210) 108} 105) 194! 254 434 §
November} 53} 70} 111] 170) 74) 111) 272) 320) ... p00 44]
December| 58} 62) 81) 245) 97) 112) 259) 390) ... ooo ns cco Bhe o6 434
Spring 239) 258] 423) 539) 251) 219) 530) 970 N. 50° 11’ W.|.15 1166
Summer | 230| 238) 452) 593) 413) 315] 486) 464 S.- 0 29 E. |.10 1105
Autumn 277| 284] 410] 604) 305) 330] 657) 862 N. 75 13 W.).13 1284
Winter 135) 199) 286) 601) 236) 337) 716)1135 N. 78 45 W.|.25 1204
Wag) SyeeHeY |} 638 |] 00 |} G05: |] “cca |} G00. |} co |) 600 |! cco N. 81 31 W.}.12 4759
7A. 7}
pence ot j JUNG) TEBE | aaa |[ ace |] eco |} Goo {fas |P, aoe |} G00! |] (Gao I} cc Northwest.
Moines.! H
Pen (| Spring 527) 605) 710) 984) 554) 436) 900)1843] 48|N. 44° 5/W.).15 |_N. 4° E. |.10 |1810 &
a Pca | | Summer 493) 495) 710|1246)1041| 524) 781) 988) 18/8. 6 54 E. |.12 |S. 45 E. |.17 |1657 §
° € = Autumn 497) 453) 521/1200| 808) 519) 9961630) 15)/S. 86 17 W.|.124) 8. 453 W.|.02 |1830 }
z ES Winter 274) 385] 467\1005| 556) 548)1162)1904) 25/N. 80 38 W.|.23 |S. 745 E. |.12 |1715 §
ce Lf) Gian) SEBS |] coo |} con |} cee |} cto |) coe |} cco |} coo |] cco |} coo [PNG Sa Bi Yayelleilil |) cosencnce -» |7012 §
= 3 Spring 78} 54) 35) 44) 74) 89) 259) 224) ... IN. 74 11 W.|.453| N. 62 E. |.10 | 583 §
FI BS Summer 76) 42) 79) 80) 167| 117) 396) 203) ... |S. 82 53 W.|.40 ; S. 453 BE. |.17 | 521 4
Ss Autumn 45) 32) 13] 33) 81) 109) 293) 225 N. 84 30 W.|.57 |S. 67 W.|.05 | 516 §
3 si Winter 28 6 6] 21) 14) 41) 245) 165 N. 76 1 W.|.72 | N. 603 W.).20 | 423 §
5 SMU Deny caren | esac ese [tees (pesca imeeen literal ie ce-eliteesallieasa| New Ouun4 Gn WVic|-03 Fesesseee ... |2043 §
S Bra [| Spring 605) 659] 745/1028) 628, 525)1159/2067| 48|N. 52 46 W.).18 | N. 8 E. |.10 |1810
S| 2 Summer 569) 537] 789)1326 1208 641)1177|1191) 18)S. 24 23 W.|.12 |S. 414 E. |.16 |1657 §
a 35 Autumn 642) 485) 534)1233) 889 628|1289 1855) 15/S. 89 38 W.|.174|S. 51 W.|.02 |1830 §
‘a ae Winter 302) 391) 473)1026) 570) 589,1407|/2069| 25)N. 79 42 W.|-27 | N. 72 W.).12 |1715 §
aie IL) Dine seen) des WP cee |] cee ff cco |) cee |} cee Heo {I cts |f cco PNG SB CEE yale Oy coccocee ... |7012 f
|

1 “ Whenever a bend, an angle, or some prominent bluff is more exposed to the fury of northwest winds, that |
blow violently a great part of the year,” etc.
2 Danville, Fort Ridgely, New Ulm, Pajutazee and Sibley.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

35. January,1875.—

274 WINDS OF THE GLOBE,

(Nos. 76 and 77.) Minnesota.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFEEENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place and Time of
f resultant.

kind of the year.
observations.

Direction.

to sum of winds,

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-
tween 8. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween 8. & W.
tween N. & W.
Calm or
variable,
Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

January 190 3} 139

wo
(>, Ter)
lor mor}

262) 483 nc} tes coameeatan a po |p thts)
| February | 150) 169) 135 233) 468 83] .. sen SCOG Seo sanctoes «» | 1046
March 191) 193) 148 380) 436 1147
April 247| 264) 191) 413) 260) 375 1140
May 230) ¢ 266| 880) 296) 383 1178
June 208 189} 479) 383) 463 1110
July 175] 239} 158) 538) 460) 443 1178
August 236 178} 550) 510) 407 1178
September| 186 104; 541) 409) 433 1110
October 191 125) 488) 360) 524 1178
November) 202 150} 435) 265) 417) 36° 1140
December | 192 2) 154) 510) 271) 470 conessacorns osuonrigns we | 1147
Spring 668 6065/1235) 936)1194 53° 21/ W.|. Reece nce . | 3465
Summer | 619 525|1567/1353)1313 10 6 W.l- cea | ech || Bia
Autumn 579 5| 3791464 1034/1374 43 2: cls ocerericen e- | 3428
Winter §32 4281332) 766)1421 60 «fe Beehiastess fog) |; eel!
ANGIE |) cos ell| ao ||-o5s || Goon If ces. ||) eee 39 .|.13: + |13730
Spring 1286 920/1859)1594)1679 76 4: . 07 | 4232
Summer 1104/1029) 902)2768/2389 1947 7 3: . 13 | 4355
Autumn |1101) 9% 624/2102/1928)1859 48 -|.03 | 4308
Winter 1022 723) 2023/1540 5 -|.07 | 4184
Mheryear®! ics. |) eso) || esol teen |leeze --- {17079
Spring 68} 45) 43) 46) 64 - 663 EB. |.06 705
Summer 38 28] 43) 76 30 W.'.09 828
Autumn 62 15) 36) 70 36 W...0L 789
Winter 26 23| 24) 32 W...07 751
Mlieiy,ear? || Teen) | nate | tense irene emote a=e c 3073
Spring 13541332) 963/1905/1658)1783
Summer 1142/1054) 930/2811)/2465 2082/1804
Autumn /1163) 942) 639/2138 1998/1938]1829|2238
Winter 1048) 844) 746/2047)1572 2013/1981|2666
Mhe®year2s|/veee | (ieayil| iecesint | iee=sial| Meola terest] | eel er

5

76.
Fort
Snelling.

BR nnn

Surface
wind.
Ann iA

AZADRADAH
na

. |.08 | 4232
. |.122| 4355
«024 | 4308
..07 | 4184
.. {17079

77. Southeastern Minnesota.!
preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.
Rn nn mn

ARNNIA

|
|
|
|

—
€
4

1 Afton, Bowles Creek, Chatfield, Fort Snelling, Hastings, Mankato, Minneapolis, Red Wing, Rochester, St. Paul,
Travers des Sioux and Wabashaw. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 78 to 80.) Northern Iowa.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Algona, by F. McCoy and Miss Elizabeth McCoy, for an aggregate period of 3% years, in the
years 1861 to 1865 inclusive; and by James H. Warren, from April, 1867, to December, 1869,
inclusive; also by Philip Dorweiler, at a point ten miles southwest of Algona, for an aggregate
period of over three years, in the years 1866 to 1869 inclusive.

Ames, by J. M. Cotton, during the month of September, 1869.

Bangor, by Isaac M. Gidley, for an aggregate period of 8 months in the years 1861 and 1863.

Boonsboro, by E. Babcock, for an aggregate period of 21 months, in the years 1867, 1868 and
1869.

Border Plains, by G. C. and W. K. Goss, for an aggregate period of 24 years, in the years 1856,
1857 and 1858.

Dakota, by William O. Atkinson, from October, 1867, to March, 1868, inclusive.

Fort Dodge, by post surgeons, for an aggregate period of 22 months in the years 1851, 1852 and
1853; and by C. N. Jorgenson, from March, 1867, to March, 1869, inclusive.

Towa Falls, by Nathan Townsend, from November, 1863, to December, 1869, inclusive, except
the month of February, 1868.

Marble Rock, by H. Wadey, for an aggregate period of 28 months in the years 1867, 1868 and
1869.

Mineral Ridge, by J. T. Sullivan, during the last seven months of the year 1869.

Osage, by Rev. Alva Bush, from April, 1866, to February, 1867.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. Q75

(Nos. 78 to 80.) Northern Iowa.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place and Time of
kind of the year.
observations,

Direction.

to sum of winds.

tween N. & E.

tween S, & EB.

tween §.& W.

tween N.& W.
variable,

Ratio of resultant

S. E. or be-
N. W. or be-

N. E. or be-
S. W. or be-
Calm or

aI
on

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year®
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer 50
Autumn 157
Winter } 537
The year? | ... 000
Spring 0 5.65
Summer .86| 4.17
Autumn -67| 10.47
Winter -10) 16.78
The year
Spring 720
Summer 455
Autumn 418
Winter 508
The year? | ... ree
Spring 131
Summer 92
Autumn 100
Winter 138
The years | ... co8 B00 60g ma boo 600 p00" |} Gon
(| Spring 851 2 2715 229
Summer 547 : 55) 1644 698
Autumn 518 7 2 3348 338
Winter 646 7 2) 1223] 3263 198
The year’ o00 oc0 aon cen eee 506 ba || 3

co
=

N. 17° 38/ W.|.2
29 28 W.|.%
1 W.|.2
41 W.|.:
8 W.|.174

W.|.1:

2 SRG ES RSE PSEA

AZnnAnannaAdaa nw

31

No. of
observat’ns.

miles.

in the yearg 1856 and 1857.2
No. of

a
a
A
ss
AY
Ld
o
Gs)
&
i=)
i=]
B
cs)
A
2
E
o
o
&
col
5
a
RS
>

miles p.h’r.

pt

Surface M’n vel. in

winds.

Motion

vations at all stations.

—_

a Aa a
S445 seesnaaas4

80. Aggregate number of obser-

combined. of clouds.

2 preceding

far
or)
for]
ca

1 Surface winds and motion of clouds combined in April and May, 1867, and January,
2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. |Summer.| Autumn. | Winter. |The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . 9.82 6.66 12.31 10.58 9.84
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . J 1.41
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the

} several points of the compass each their own average melee
as shown in the table above . z . : : : 6 1.6
Excess of the latter over the former . c A c 0 5 FC +.2

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

276 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. $1 to 83.) Southern Iowa, and Missouri north of latitude 40°.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Athens, Missouri, by John T. Caldwell, for an aggregate period of 29 months, in the years 1863
to 1866 inclusive.

Bethany, Missouri, by D. J. Heaston, during the months of January, February, May and June, in
the year 1860.

Canton, Missouri, by George P. Ray, for an aggregate period of nearly six years, in the years
1862 to 1868 inclusive; also by J. M. Parker, during the month of April, 1868.

Centreville,’ Iowa, by Rev. John C. Clyde, at the request of the author, from January to June
inclusive, in the year 1870.

Des Moines, lowa, by Rev. J. A. Nash, for an aggregate period of 20 months, in the years 1865,
1866 and 1867.

Edinburgh, Missouri, by John E. Vertrees, from September, 1866, to January, 1867, inclusive.

Fort Des Moines, Iowa, by post surgeons, for an aggregate period of 26 months, in the years
1843 to 1846 inclusive.

Kirksville, Missouri, by Robert Byers, for an aggregate period of 22 months, in the years 1860,
1861 and 1862.

Lancaster, Missouri, by John M. Wethersford, from June to November inclusive, in the year
1859.

Luray, Missouri, by B. P. Hannan, from June to October inclusive, in the year 1859.

Newton, lowa, by A. Failor, during the last five months of the year 1869.

Pella, lowa, by E. H. A. Scheeper, for an aggregate period of 21 months in the years 1854,
1855 and 1856.

Trenton, Missouri, by Thomas J. Conkling, during the month of August, 1859.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences.
es a
: 3 xs ad
Pl T : Na se Diesaner ae :
ace an i o A o 3 irecti ope =
iaaaat tieweoe ae 32 eS Zo) a lenses = _ | Direction. g
observations. 5 5A ie 5 on of | 6a os e o
A lad] = |e] legle le8| ee ge |S joag
B |Rs| gies] 5 |Bs| 3 |Fslas 28 ae
2 |48| a luk|a |wElE [AE lo fe By |
81 Spring 90| 46; 74) 28) 97) 153) 167 81) . |S. LPS NEPA) |) conecnoee 184
Fort Summer 69) 24) 113 56) 109) 73) 181) 89) -.. |S. 67 50 W.}.19 184
TD Autumn 97; 16; 100) 49) 119) 58) 187 162) - |N. 81 50 W.).25 211
Msinos | Winter 118} 45) 109} 42) 46) 63) 155, 99) ... |N. 44 25 W.|.21 180
; Mhe ry. ear2A|\-nil ase | escel||| wart lierese) sl cicen, [eens || eee b errel INS OMeS Sin Ves| sia 759
Spring 147) 96) 137) 146) 278) 213) 296, 243 0S. 64 56 W.|.22 400
S35 Summer 130} 76) 178) 180) 426) 178) 304 209) 22S. 32 10 W.|.24 491
€ a Autumn 260) 111| 157) 308) 500) 266) 396 590| 78S. 74 40 W.|.21} Ke 696
alqaéF | Winter 162) 119) 170} 143) 213) 162) 382 408 ON. 76 39 W.|.25 544
E (OiSberyear2 | oes litees lee Fas) ll caces || veseel | aero |lmece =n |S. 69 16 W.|.21 2131
= a Spring 6 6 1 6 8 6 6, 18 |\N. 64 18 W.|.26 - | 122
# | 23 || Sommer o| 11) - 8} 29)” 3] 31) 29, 23] ... IS. 55 19 W.|.28 184
i) ee Autumn 17; 29) 8 29) 16) 68) 96 84, |N. 85 27 W.|.443 303
3 rhs [ Winter 3) 18} 23! 11 4 8} 11!) 34 IN. 7 10 E. |.20 211
al ° NG -YVCAK2. lieve: \lt-tessy ||) ozey heaceral essere Peso lieeoeaa eee IN. 77 55 W.|.23 : «- | 820
os aS Spring 153} 102; 138 152) 286) 219) 302 261 08. 66 49 W.).22 -|.02 | 400
oO) s Summer 130 87) 186 209) 429} 209) 333 232) 228. 34 4 W.|.24 - |.15 | 491
3:5 Autumn 277| 140, 165 337) 516) 334) 492 674) 78S. 78 54 W.|.24 -|.043] 696
ze Winter 165) 137, 193 154) 217) 170) 393 442 ON. 74 57 W.).24 -|-133 | 544
ae Thery.eares|ececy|imecee||(eess sah cao | coc |} coo j| cee |] cto Se WAL GUL Wiyai bea Pe ishl

! The observations at this place, being made with extreme accuracy, by means of a vane which marked single
degrees of azimuth, do not admit of tabulation in the usual form. The monthly resultants are as follows, viz.:—

March. June.

January February. April. May.

Sf 17°34" W.\s. 27° 45/ W.
.26 | 15

Direction of resultant . . |N.87° 37/ W.|S. 84° 17’ W.|N.49° 58/ W.|N. 19°45’ W.
Ratio of do. to sum of winds -51 «19 wily 06 |

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. QTT

(No. 83.) Southern Iowa and Northern Missouri.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE » Monsoon
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences. 2
me A ic iE ‘ g| Direction | 27 3
Place and Time of the o4 o3 BS S23 az | 0 BS ; %
kind of year. ar ai By be | oS resultant. og Direction. na
observations. a | 2a On! 4 sel. |weae iB os 3 &
§ As % HS| 5 |e3] 8 Be ae =o 3 Es
2265/8 |us| a |at| Flas Fe BE | &
f Spring 222) 383) 177) 491) 342) 456) 158) 743) 118)N. 88° 47/ W.|.10 798
og Summer 245) 349) 211) 572) 558) 606) 124) 432' 291/58. 0 25 E. |.174 1012
t & A Autumn 161| 177| 115) 352) 269| 433) 160) 488] 258|/S. 59 6 W.|.16 789
BSI|ae Winter 234) 321| 131) 409) 377) 498) 241) 718) 176/S. 31 39 W.).15 810
9 |X Tang FeO! | ces | os |} ao |} con |] o05 |} oso =. |... |S. 39) 14 W.).12 . (3409
# a Spring 91} 100) 102} 118} 105) 306) 135) 339) ... |S. 89 11 W.|.18 xo) 18s
a as Summer 67| 116) 102; 189] 171) 389) 161) 252) ... |S. 49 37 W.|.27 | 766
Bes 6 Autumn 27| 47) 37) 65) 39) 163] 100) 144) ... |S. 79 15 W.}.33 «- | 637
a s a, Winter 68} 55) 48) 57| 81) 130) 132) 224) ... |N. 78 28 W.|.33 cco) |} BLO!
5 S) |U) eln sere cb | cee. I) cc | cos, IP c55 cco |] a0 | cc || eco IS BO EW 2 .. (2738
rai || SS Spring 313! 483) 279) 609] 447) 762) 293/1082 181)N. 89 40 W.|.12 063 | 798
«a |sa Summer 312] 465] 313) 761) 729| 995) 285) 684) 291|/S. 19 3 W.|.183 -134 |1012
wo) $5 Autumn 188] 224] 152) 417) 308) 596) 260) 632) 258|S. 66 11 W.}).19 -043| 789
2 ¢ Winter 302] 376) 179) 466) 458) 628) 373] 942) 176\N. 89 48 W.|.18 08 | 810
MSH ante ye arcle ee Maen [imac eee (mea | RO PIR S65 10) WLS 3409

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 834.) Southeastern Minnesota and Western Wisconsin.

Reported to the Smithsonian Institution, from the following places, viz. :—

Cascade Valley, Wisconsin, by Samuel R. Seibert, for the month of May, 1856.

Prescott, Wisconsin, by Rev. Spencer L. Hillier, for the months of January, February and March,
1857.

Red Wing, Minnesota, by Rev. Jabez Brooks, for the months of November and December, 1855,
and April, 1856.

Wabashaw, Minnesota, byt Rev. Spencer L. Hillier, for the month of December, pee

RELATIVE PREVALENOE OF WINDS FROM THE LRN Points
OF THE COMPASS.

Kind of Time of
observations. the year.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-
tween 8, & E.
tween 8S. & W.
tween N. & W.
variable.

N. W. or be-

N. E. or be-
S. W. or be-

No. of Spring 5. 19°16/ E.
observa- Autumn ¢ N.45 0 W.
tions. Winter Sb bg) 18) Wy
Spring - N. 71 55 E.
No. of} | autumn N. 58 43 W.
Winter - 3 N. 82 3 W.
Mean vel. Spring
in miles Autumn
per hour. Winter

bo
w

miles.

From the foregoing table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour A : 6 : : F 8.07 7.77 4.60
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition th the winds from every point
of the compass move with the foregoing average velocity 5 1.32 1.70 -78
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several points of
the compass each their own average velocity, as shown in the table G 6 (BR 1.35.
Excess of the latter over the former . 6 . . . 5 4 6 > || 8) —.35

278 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 84 to 86.) Western He Central Wisconsin.
Observed at the following places, viz.
Cascade Valley, by Samuel R. Seibert, stig the month of May, 1856.
Galesville, by William Gale, during the months of June, July, and August, 1867.
Mosinee, by J. S. Pashley, during the months of January and February, 1859.
New Danemora, by Emil Hauser, during the months of April, May, and June, 1859.
Prescott, by Rev. Spencer L. Hillier, during the months of January, February, and March, 1857.
Wausau, by W. A. Gordon, M.D., during the year 1859.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Kind of Time of the
observations. year.

Direction

of resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

variable.
Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

Spring

3

fear

°
w
ee
4

42442442242462:

Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

|

L| me
||
|

ia|

boo

Beets
wind.

Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

mee
of clouds.

ZAAaAanaannann

preceding
combined.

tA tn

.

37

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 87 to 89.) Northeastern Iowa.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. length of Date and remarks.
time.

mos.

“4
iat
a

Son WANOhNNW

1856 to 1860 inclusive.

1853, 1868 and 1869.

1865, 1866 and 1867.

1854 to 1859 and 1861 to 1869 both inclusive.
1860.

1860 to 1863 inclusive.

1841 to 1846 inclusive.

1856, 1857, 1860, 1861 and 1862.

Bellevue, John C. Forey,

Bowen’s Prairie, | Samuel Woodworth,
Ceres, John M. Hagensick,
Dubuque, Dr. Asa Horr,

Fayette, John M. McKenzie,
Forestville, Daniel Sheldon,

Fort Atkinson, Post Surgeons,

Franklin, D. and W. W. Beal and Miss
C. Beal,

Guttenberg, James P. Dickinson,
Hesper, H. B. Williams,
Independence, D. 8. Deering and others,!

H

1864 to 1869 inclusive.

1860 and 1861.

1862 to 1869 inclusive ; two sets of observations
in some of the years.

1865 and 1866.

1857.

1864 to 1869 inclusive.

1854, 1855 and 1856.

1854, 1855 and 1856.

1857 and 1859.

May, 1844.

1861, 1862 and 1863.

1869.

1861.

1860 to 1864 inclusive.

1869.

1869.

i

Manchester, Allen Mead,

Maquoketa, Edward F. Hobart,
Monticello, C. Mead and M. M. Moulton,
Poultney, Dr. B. F. Odell,
Quasqueton, Dr. E. C. Bidwell,
Rossville, C. D. Beaman,

Turkey River, Aenea sce
Vernon Springs, | G. Marshall,
Vinton, James Wood,
Washington, C. R. Boyle,
Waterloo, T. Steed,
Waukon, E. M. Hancock,
West Union, F. McClintock,

BOWNONKFHENNNWHR CHO Warm

SOoOWOCOSCOrFOSCRNNASOCH

' Alexander C. Wheaton, Mrs. D. D. Wheaton and George Warne, M.D.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 2719

(Nos. 87 to 89.) Northeastern Iowa.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place and Time of the
kind of year.
observations.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

S. E. or be-
tween 8. & BE.
S. W. or be-
tweenS. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

S. 86° R, |.
S. 54 W.|.
5S. 81 W.}).
TIN. 43 E. |.

5 Calm or

Spring 212) 244 264
87. Summer 2 138) 198 330
Fort Autumn : 116) 222 301

Atkinson. Winter 32 172) 214 277

The year? | ... coo I] “coo coo || cao cos 200

Spring : 333] 280| 327) 356

Summer - 251) 405} 223)

Autumn 3 254) 333} | 282

Winter 280) 219 340

The year? as) cco |}! cco ace || cco 008 900

Spring 1364] 3314/2716 | 3654

Summer : 2) 396) 1683/3496 1575

Autumn |} 1 438] 1818/2773) 3574) 2389

Wiuter y 00) 813) 2049/1237) 26 3071

The year? oco o00 {fe 600 as || 000 008 oo

Spring -43}11.50) 8.27) 9.95) 9.70) 10.17| 10.25

Summer 4 6.37|4.40| 6.71/8.63| 8. 7.06

Autumn A 8.15) 6.08] '7.16}8.33} 9. 8.47

Winter 0 9.17|6.16| 7.32|5.65) 8.23) 9.03

The year

Spring 2218/1452) 2769/1730 2001

Summer 3] 1531\1142) 2949/2853 30) 1964

Autumn 537) 1158| 939) 2446/2432 2129

Winter 77| 1419) 899) 2305|1798) 2302

The year 6326|4432/10469|8813 8396)16089)5¢

Spring 3] 298) 221] 333] 288) 6 1203) 1258

Summer 316) 189} 319) 370 1626) 1431

Autumn 206) 136) 329) 326 1214) 1257

Winter 3} 182) 104) 222| 183 73| 1083) 940

The year? |... Beye lees ona || cea a ree meal eee

Spring 2516|1673) 3102)2018 3204) 5538/1032

Summer 1847/1331] 3268/3223) 4% 3590 4552/1544

Autumn 1364|1075| 2775|2758| 3261) 3343| 5254/1460

Winter 1601)1003] 2527/1981) 26 3385| 5631)1276

The year? 600 cao |} 00 coo |} ooo 260 p00 £00 ||).000

bo 0 bo
= SO
eat

No. of No. of ob-

miles.

servations.

AAnnADARANRAAAAA

88. Surface wind at Smithsonian
Stations in 1854, 1855,1856 & 1857.1

aA

Surface M’n vel. in

wind.

miles p.h’r.

Motion

combined. of clouds.

3
A
fo}

£

or
3s

&
mn

‘=|
Gy

=
fo}
o

2
es
2)
oD
~
i=")
oo

<

:
lor}
r=)

Zev NAPA AABnAres
> I

2 preceding

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. |Summer.} Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 6 10.95 7.51 9.05 9.06
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 1.64
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own morse welnesty,
as shown in the table above ° 6 5 6 2.09
Excess of the latter over the former . 5 5 0 .

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

280

(Nos. 90 and 91.)

Place of observation.

}

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

By whom observed,

Aggregate
length of
time.

Southeastern Iowa.

Date and remarks.

Atalissa,
Burlington,

Camanche,
Clinton,

Davenport,

Fairfield,
Fort Madison,
Iowa City,

Keokuk,
Kossuth,

B. Carpenter,

Louisa P. Love and Mrs.
James Love,

N. H. Parker and P. J.
Farnsworth,

J. Chamberlain and others,?

J. M. Shaffer,

Daniel McCready,

— Murray and Prof. T. 8.
Parvin and others,3

Miss Ida HE. Ball and others,4

Isaiah Reed and Wm. P.

| yrs.

0

0
0
4

mos.

4
10

March to May inclusive, 1867.
1860, 1866, 1867 and 1868.

December, 1856, and December, 1857.
1856 and 1865 to 1869 inclusive.

1860 to 1869 inclusive; two or more sets of
observations in some years.

1857, 1858, 1859 and 1869.

1854 to 1869 inclusive.

1839, 1840, 1856 to 1858 and 1861 to 1869 both
inclusive.

1853, 1854 and 1855.

1860, 1861 and 1862.

Leonard,
A. T. Hudson, M. D.,
E. L. Briggs,
Prof. Alonzo Collins,
T. S. Parvin and others,5

1860 to 1867 inclusive.

1864 and 1865.

1860 to 1863 inclusive.

1841 to 1869 inclusive ; two sets of observations
during parts of the years 1860, 1861 and 1862.

1856 to 1865 inclusive.

Lyons,

Mount Pleasant,
Mount Vernon,
Muscatine,!

Pleasant Plain, T. McConnell,

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of
the year.

Kind of
observations.

Direction

of resultant. Direction.

tween 8. & E.
variable.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Ss. E. or be-
Calm or

187 532
111, 668
110 624
_ 401

193
242)
228
278)

169 . 82°19) W.
278
231
263

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The years
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’

f

2
°
Lol
°
S
a

L
a
°
5
s
>
‘s
D
n

1259 3127
338 2397
489 3023
857 1709

21998

958
1141
1674

1599
1197
1780
2265

4100
3637
4077
2570

1448
1419
1236
1446

2139
4864
7747

No. of
miles.

1856

ALD PAP AD nA
422244422

9.55)
5.53}
7.81) 7.35
8.15) 8.09
2268/5631 755
1566 3406 1030):
1985/5196 934
2787 6735, 924

8.28
4.95

8.25
4.66
5.71
4.78
3894
5838
4766
4675

7.47 5.14) 6.73, 5.88) 8.57
4.02) 2.97) 3.05 3.59 5.10
7.55|3.85/4.45 4.84) 5.35
9.33) 5.30) 5.87 4.26) 5.90
1069 3264 1321 3522 1311
760)2542, 864 4058 1985
741/2124
1033) 2345

ah
=
1
oO
=!
bo}
qa
e
Oo
12
eo)
rat
oS
19
eo)
ec
+
Le]
eo)
Lol

t
i=
om
ae
25
Bo
|
Se
bY |
aes
axe,
Bg

o
25
8
=a
5
na
ode
=
o

M’n vel.
in miles
per hour.

~—

752 3173/1554
1000 27721818

Surface
wind.

1884
2232
1510
1616

1908
2345
1739
1440)

344
371
246
298

481
578)
379
325)

311
295
263
293

834
689
546
498

287)
260
279
276

ala
1863] ...
PA pes
1420] ...
1408) ...

Motion
of clouds.

N. 31°, |.08
S. 17 Eileen
|S. 714 W.|.024
N. 443 W.|.074

7494) 755
4628 1030
6616, 934
8143 924

4152
3798
3495
4403

5802
8183
6505
6115

1655
2356
1800
2216

4008
4636
3552
3097

1632
1159
1015
1293

4098
3231
2670
2843

1356
1020
1020
1309

4244422444255

vations at all stations.

Two
, receding

91. Aggregate number of obser-
combined.

oo ARCO eo re ee rere ee res er Cr ees aan

RIANA AD iA ig tha

43

! Formerly Bloomington. 2 Dr. Ignatius Langer, H. H. Belfield, W. P. Dunwoody and D. 8S. Sheldon.
° Herman H. Fairall and W. Reynolds. 4 Dr. J. E. Ball. 5 Rev. John Ufford, Suel Foster and Josiah P. Walton.
§ Including Pella in Southern Iowa.

7 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Summer.) Autumn. Winter. |The year.|

4.32

Spring.

7.56 5.86 6.49 6.05

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : :

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds

from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity 5 5 “ 6 : : : .

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . :

Excess of the latter over the former .

48 1.01 1.10

. . .

1.23 | 1.53
Se ee ee bc +.22 | 4.43

8 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 981
(Nos. 92 and 93.) Southwestern Wisconsin.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Baraboo, by M. C. Waite, for an aggregate period of 52 years, in the years 1852
1869 inclusive.

Bloomfield, see Geneva.

Geneva, by Wm. H. Whitney, for an aggregate period of 67 months, in the years 1863 to 1869 incl.

Kilbourn City, by James H. Bell, for an aggregate period of 14 months in the years 1861 and 1862.

New Lisbon, by John lL. Dunegan, for an aggregate period of 28 months, in the years 1867, 186s,
and 1869.

Prairie du Chien, by United States Army surgeons, at Fort Crawford, for an aggregate period of
162 years, in the years 1822, 1824, and 1831 to 1845 inclusive.

Pigievilte, by Dr. J. L. Pickard and A. K. Johnson, for an aggregate period of nearly

in the years 1854 to 1859 inclusive.

and 1864 to

six years

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Time of
the year.

Place and
kind of
observations.

Direction.

tosum of winds.

variable.

tween S. & E.

W. or be-
tween S. & W.
tween N.& W.
Ratio of resultant

N. W. or be-
Calm or

tween N. & E.
Ss. W.

| Number of days.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

LWADAD ANAM HAA |

cS
So)
=

79°16/ W.|.
62 8 W.).
-88 4
74 44
85) 2
89 17
58 15
85 48
81 4
83 46
86 59
84 32
. 87 26
86 45
89 18
. 89 32
|S. 64 38
. 87 32
. 82 52
. 8 12

92.
Prairie du
Chien.

485)
370)
| 345) 2

pore!
|
|
|
!
i

[
|
it
7

1410
2/1285
1467
1568

900}

/1206
| 903
910}

Surface
wind.

=
ie SONOO) ROIS sees eens:

232
238
233
185

231
276
229
165

“AA
48
29
72

|

3)1642
1523
3/1700
4)1753

1131
1482
1132
1075

800
1039)
686)
757

1028
1012
948
857

655}

458
392
451

'
me
D
mn
pet
on
ml
36é
HS
58
2
=
Ec
_
pics
nae
BOS
yo
on S
on
<q >
Gr)
o>

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 94 to 97.)
Observed as follows:—

Eastern Wisconsin.

Raeate
length of

Place of observation. Date.
time.

By whom observed.

mos.

7 1856 to 1861 and 1867 to 1869, both inclusive.
9 | 1854 and 1856.
11 | 1854 and 1855.
aa 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
0 1822 to 1831, 1833 to 1840, and 1850 to 1852,
inclusive.
1831, 1832 and 1835 to 1845 inclusive.
1864 and 1865.
1851.
1857.
May and July, 1864.
1857 to 1859, and 1861 to 1869, both inclusive.
1857.
November, 1864, and January, 1865.
1854, 1856 and 1857.

rs.
Appleton, u

Bellefontaine,
Ceresco,
Embarrass,
Fort Howard,

Prof. R. Z. Mason & others,!
Thomas Gay,

Miss M. E. Baker,

J. E. Breed,

Post Surgeon,

a Koa ior}

Ww

all §

ee

Fort Winnebago,
Green Bay,
Green Lake,
Lind,

Lebanon,
Manitowoc,
Menasha,

New Holstein,
New London,

Post Surgeon,

F. Deckner,

C. F. Pomeroy,

R. H. Struthers,
J.C. Hicks,

Jacob Liips,

Col. D. Underwood,
F. Hachez,

J. E. Breed,

Plymouth,
Rural,
Waupaca,
Weyauwega,

G. Moeller,

R. H. Struthers,

J. E. Breed and others,?
Melzar Parker and others,’

BROOCORHEOOCOOCOCOCrN

NOWnNWHWWH Rr ont

1865 to 1869 inclusive.
First three months of 1865.
1863 to 1869 inclusive.
1860 to 1866 inclusive.

! John Hicks, Dr.

M. J. E. Hurlburt and Prof. J. C. Foye.

2 H. C. Mead and C. D. Webster.

3 William Woods, John C. Hicks and Dr. James Matthews.

36

January, 1875,

982 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 94 to 96.) Eastern Wisconsin.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place and | Time of the
resultant.

kind of year.
observations.

| Direction.

to sum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
94. August
Fort September
Howard. October
November
December 94) f ‘
Spring ¢ |... |N. 20° 20/ W.|.033
Summer | 3e ! ¢ 1 sen a Re Le Wales
Autumn 30 fe ) i ( | .. |S. 49 24 W.)°2
Winter ) ¢ 9 | : | cea ||Se), 68 LOO] Wiles
The year | ... a cap || oss eta aan |! Teed ens HSA ee U4
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
| Winter
The year?
Spring
| Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’ | ... Ae Siac oD one foes |p sce
Spring 485) Q94¢ 4) 38521926)
Summer - 52 2094/1134) 1338
Autumn 9) 15 : | | 3548 2675, 1902
| Winter 596 : | 26051912) 1406
| The year | ... uae anol feos ace ‘ole
|

ZpennAAAAAZ

No. of ob-
servations.

4444444449545

No. of
miles.

Rh ch

2

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

H

aIa0S ,

Stations! in 1854, 55, 56 & ’57.2

brow :
oOworo

M’n vel. in
miles p. h’r.

96. Surface winds at Smithsonian

! Including also Waukesha in Southeastern Wisconsin.
2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

}
Spring. |Summer.| Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 10.58 is E 7.14
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity. zi d : 2.79
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass, each their own average bea
as shown in the table above . : : : 2 -58 AE 2.43 | 2.75
Excess of the latter over the former . c < : > 5 | 12 oll —.04

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B.

(No. 97.)

Kind of

observations. year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Surface

97. Aggregate number of obser-
vations at all stations.

2 preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

Time of the

ZONE 10.

LA’. 40° TO 45° N. 283

Eastern Wisconsin.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE or WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT PoInTs OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

tween N. & E.

1707 1997

355
274) 399
302)
269) 367
2661) 4227
1729 2906
2009 2449
1982 2166

630
459,

1713 1799

2306 3597) 13771786
1455 2507) 1079 1989

8741508
5521058)

298
191
172) 207)
168

120
1605
1270

1046
672

190

1226

tween S. & E.

170)

1976
2159
1715

2163
2351
2220
1944

169
159
232
157
2332
2510
2450
2101

3480
4282
4337
5587
1006
1278
1303
1038
4486
5560
5640
6625

Direction of

resultant. | Direction.

variable.
to sum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

2970
2716
3427
3646

2426)
2632)
2749
3145

2)N. 59°30! W.|.103| N. 573°. |.
33 46 W.|.194

51 W.|.

23 W.|.382

29

22

48

Renny

998
1057
930
875

1218
1797
1309
1150

Z2AAPAAe oD

3968
3773
4357
4521

3644
4429
4058)
4295

PMA mtn

44444424444

RAR A

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 98 to 100.)
Observed as follows :—

Place of observation. By whom observed.

| Aggregate
length of
time.

Southeastern Wisconsin.

Date and remarks.

Aztalan, James C. Brayton,

Beloit, J. McQuigg, W. and H. D.
Porter, and H. 5. Kelsey,

Brighton, George Matthews,

Burlington, D. and G. Matthews,

Caldwell Prairie, | S. Armstrong,
Dartford, M. H. Towers,
Delafield, A. W. Clark,
Delavan, Levens Eddy,
East Troy, Jennings,
Edgerton, Henry J. Shintz,

Fort Atkinson,
Emerald Grove,

Post Surgeons,
Orrin Dinsmore,

Holland, John De Lycer,

Janesville, J. F. Willard and Dr. C.
G. Pease,

Kenosha, Rey. John Gridley,

Lake Mills, Isaac Atwood,

Madison, Prof. J. W. Sterling and
others,!

Milwaukee, J. A. Lapham and others,?

Norway, John E. Himoe,

Otsego, L. H. Doyle,

Pardeeville, 5. Armstrong,

Racine, W. J. Durham and H. W.
Phelps,

Ripon, Prof. W. H. Ward,

Rocky Run, W. W. Curtis,

Southport, Rev. John Gridley,

Springvale, See Pardeeville,

Summit, Edward 8S. Spencer,

Waterford, | S. Armstrong,

Watertown, William Ayres,

Waukesha, Prof. §. A. Bean and L. C.
Slye, M.D.

Wautona, cs onaocobadece

yrs.

bo med
i No TREE Ppoworone wre

ROOF

Rico SO

mos.

0
5

PWwWOOarPRWNWwWH

—
SNS AWAH BD WEB

~TH bo vo

bo

1851.
1854 to 1867 inclusive.

1862.

1860, 1861 and 1862.
1861.

1861 and 1862.

1860.

1864 to 1867 inclusive.
February, 1843.

1867, 1868 and 1869.
1842.

1852.

1868 and 1869.

1854 to 1858 and 1860 to 1862, both inclusive.

1856 to 1859 and 1861 to 1863, both inclusive.

1860, 1861 and 1862.

1854 to 1857, 1861 to 1865 both inclusive, and
1869.

1843 to 1848 and 1854 to 1867, both inclusive ;
two sets of observations in several of the years.

1856 and 1857.

1859.

1860.

1856, 1857 and 1861.

1865 and 1866.
1860 to 1869 inclusive.
1849.

1845 to 1850 inclusive, 1852, 1861, 1852 and 1863.
1860, 1861 and 1863.

1852.

1856, 1857 and 1858.

1866.

1S. H. Carpenter, A. Schue, M.D., J. Jennings, S. P. Clarke and W. Fellows.
2 Carl Winkler, M.D., F. C. Pomeroy and Prof. E. P. Larkin.

284

(Nos. 98 to 100.)

WINDS OF

THE

GLOBE.

Southeastern Wisconsin.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, ae influences,
$a
i Fa - 2 Fe
Place and Time of o3 28 Ba ae ¢ | Direction of | 25] __ ,
kind of the year. ne a By aie |e resultant. P| Direction,
observations. S aS : og e a x Bi as Sl 3
5 | ee] aa eae ae alee Ze :
z|ae| a] ab | a | ab | B | AES fe =
| Spring 19; 21) 24 4 8} 32) 44) 32) ON. 64°10’ W.|.29
98. [ Summer 5 5} 15 17| 34 18) 59) 31) OS. 65 51 W.}-373
Fort |; Autumn 4) 12) 30 (te | 17 Sl) 63 24 08. 69 18 W.|.27
Atkinson. Winter 13 4, 22; 13) 17) 21) 54 36) ON. 89 46 W.!.332
| The year 41 42| 91) 45 76} 102} 210) 123) OS. 84 8 W.|.30
ae (sm Spring 620) 1095) 525) 755) 787) 1062) 1019) 880) ... |S. 84 27 W.|-080/N. 48° E. |.11
2S |e 2 [ Summer | 387| 561|} 485) 845) 860! 1024) 728) 619] ... e- 23 9 W.|.175/8. 47 E. 12
S35 3 } | Autumn 448) 467) 349) 674) 939) 1090) 848) 906) ... 8. 55 11 W.).223'S. 33 W. .06
Bes | ce [ Winter 524) 449) 271) 541) 612) 1038] 1282) 1032) ... |S. a a San ie N.70) Walelib
‘3.2 | 4 ® || The year? | ... cco || o58 oct a5 “os oe nog 8. 62 Alle
Dis ss ( Spring 257) 94703125) 5097) 5034) 7974) 7177) 7109] ... |N. 68 55 W.|.092\N. 46 E. |.12
3° | 2 || Summer ae 26581547) 3565) 3752) 5483) 3365) 3174) ... |S. 38 12 W.|.211|S. 20 E. |.12
oad. 4) Autumn 720) 3146/2646) 2966) 6854) 6967) 5499) 6358 S. 60 51 W.|.233)S. 28 W.|.07
fs | 3 4 || Winter 3104 39401870) 2740) 3507) 6012) 7805) 6864 N. 83 41 W.|.277|N. 51 W.!.13
ae UPL ere as Wet || col) oe || ceo [fo ceo | cee S. 76 6 W.|.179
32 |441| spring [6.87] 8.65/5.95) 6.75| 6.40] 7.51| 7.04] 8.08
= 4 ||| Summer |3.95| 4.74/3.19| 4.22| 4.36] 5.35| 4.62| 5.13
H2|> st autumn |6.07| 6.74/7.58| 4.40| 7.30| 6.39] 6.48] 7.02
Se Se | | Winter 6.10) 8.78) 6.90} 5.06) 5.73) 5.79) 6.09] 6.65
a (f ( Spring 2340) 4542 2665) 3310) 2897) 3870) 3676) 3941/1656|N. 46 50 W.|.05 |N. 56 E. |.16
2 a || Summer [1701) 3153'2182] 3495| 3418] 4783) 3085| 2971/2441|S. 26 39 W.|.13 |S. 60 E. |.12
3 | 5-487) Autumn (1861) 24521342) 2753) 3517) 5290) 3766) 4770)1925|S. 69 6 W.|.23 |S. 59 W.|.06
wa | Ae | Winter 1833) 2005/1046] 2257| 3009) 5095) 5089) 5212)1473)S. 82 14 W.|.35 |N. 88 W.|.18
ns L| The year |7735) 12152 7235/11815 12841)19038 1561616894 7495|S. 68 45 W.|.16
29 (lex, | Spring 326) 427) 230) 251) 236/ 813) 1426) 986) ... JN. 80 23 W.|.43 |N. 15 E. |.06
Ase yi | Summer | 309) 338) 161] 248! 302) 1052) 1760; 1086) ... |S. 76 52 W.j.41 |S. 22 E. |.11
aa S34 Autumn 316) 399, 145) 273) 283) 1121) 1666) 1099) ... |N. 87 40 W.|.493|N. 80 W.|.05
22 Se | Winter 252} 381) 124) 251) 224) 792) 1278) 864] ... |N. 84 48 W.|.45 |N. 14 W.1.03
Sa |e The year? | ... eae lene ee aa tees A a. |. [N. 88 44 W.|.44
= 3 fs Spring 2666) 4969 2895) 3561) 3133) 4683) 5102) 4927/1656\N. 76 43 W.|.09 |N. 583°E.|.123
Soe) || Sl Summer [2010 3491/2343) 3743) 3720) 5835) 4845) 4057/2441|/S. 54 20 W.|.17 |S. 46 E. |.08
SUIE | Ea Autumn 2177] 28511487) 3026) 3800) 6411) 5432) 5869/1925\S. 75 53 W.|.263 S. 73 W.|.064
S = 8 Winter 2085] 23861170) 2508) 3233) 5887) 6367) 6076)1473/S. 83 23 W.|.30 |N. 833 W.|.10
a cov ° || The year |8938)13697 7895 eee ae ks 21746|20929|7495|S. 77 42 W.|.204
! Including Platteville in Southwestern Wisconsin.
2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Spring. | Summer. | Autumn.| Winter. |The year,
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 7.30 4.55 6.49 6.25 6.15
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the BOnapaas move with the foregoing
average velocity 5 58 80 1.45 1.86 1.09
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average Melee
as shown in the table above . 2 3 : : 67 -96 1.51 1.73 1,10
Excess of the latter over the former . +.09 +.16 +.06 —.13 +.01

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ie |
=
=]
2)
m
a
ve)
=
A
y 2
3
n
Lo}
=]
=
Ee
©
°
S
eB
s
wn
=)
—_€
ina!

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT.

(Nos. 101 and 102.)
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observe length of
time,

40°

Western Illinois, latitude 40° to 41°.

TO 45° N.

B
a

a
ASWOWO RESO

NAOKROMORONF

Augusta, Dr. S. B. Mead,

Carthage, 5. J. Wallace,

Elmore, W. H. Adams,

Galesburg, Prof. Win. Livingston,
Macomb, Richards,

Mount Sterling, Rey. Alexander Duncan,
Pekin, J. H. Riblet,

Peoria, F. Brendel and M. A. Breed,
Warsaw, B. Whitaker,

pa

1854 to 1859 and 1861 to 1869 both inclusive.

1856.

1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1861 to 1869 inclusive.

1843.

1866 to 1869 inclusive.
1857 to 1865 inclusive.
1856 to 1869 inclusive.!
1856, 1857, 1868 and 1869.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF 1HE COMPASS.

Kind of Time of the
observations. year,

tween N. & E.
tween S.& W.

N. E. or be-

n
Spring 271) 236] 300) 340
Summer 228) 197) 304) 432
Autumn 195) 189) 225) 367
Wiuter 202) 164) 218) 253
The year 009 920 |} cop |) 60 oon
Spring 3054)2003)2583) 3632
Summer 1388) 895)1649} 3190)
Autumn | 1637)1120)1527) 3158)
Winter 4) 1496)1095|1887| 2625
The yeart | ... ose |} cco |} oxo oo

Spring - 72) 11.27) 8.49) 8.61) 10.68
Summer c 6.09| 4.54) 5.42) 7.38
Autumn . 8.39) 5.93| 6.79] 8.60
Winter c 7.41) 6.68] 8.66) 10.38

Spring 1961)1572)1822) 2091
Summer 35| 1649)1635)1789) 2957
Autumn 37| 1284)1289)1694) 2475
Winter 1358)1084/1841) 2158
The year 03 doo, || cao tll! coo aon
Spring 400} 225] 293) 347
Sumnier 2| 319} 200) 305) 554
Autumn 265} 223) 306) 400
Winter 204) 148) 215) 191
The yeart| ... oc | coo. |] 00 000
Spring 2361/1797|2115| 2438
Summer 1968/1835 2094) 3511
Autumn 1549/1512/2000} 2875
Winter. 1562'1232/2056| 2379
The year! | ... boo. |f eoa8'l| ate eee

No. of ob-
servations.

miles.

Stations? in 1854, ’55, °56 & 757.3
(a SS SSS
Surface M’nvel.in No. of
——S_ S539 SO SS

clouds. winds. milesp.h’r.

102. Aggregate number of
observations at all stations.

2 preceding Motion of

combined.

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

wb co
we SO 1
oo oO

§| 323
31023

variable.

Calm or

594
202

ARUN Amn tA

Direction of
resultant.

ANRNNRNNNANRRMN
444254233:

Ratio of resultant

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

tosum of winds.

? Two independent sets of observations reported in the year 1861.
2 Including also Edgington and Rock Island in Northwestern Illinois.

3 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Spring.

. | Autumn.

Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour °

Velocity i in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above : 0 c :

Excess of the latter over the former c ° 0 .

11.70

9.30

9.46

1.67

2.6
+.9

4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

286 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 103 and 104.) Northwestern Illinois, north of latitude 41°.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

Place of observation, By whom observed. Jenga of Date.

mos.
10 1861 and 1862.

11 1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1859.

1860, 1861, 1862, 1863 and 1867.

1857 to 1861 inclusive.

1862 and 1863.

1860.

1857.

1867.

1860 and 1861.

1827 to 1835 inclusive, except 1832.

1860 to 1869 inclusive.

1860 to 1863 inclusive.

1857 to 1859 and 1861 to 1869 both inclusive.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.

“

TrWPOSMHOCOCORWOWHG

Albany, Warren Olds,
Andalusia, E. H. Bowman, M.D.,
Carbon Cliff, Mrs. W. S. Thomas,
Dixon, J. T. Little,
Edgington, E. H. Bowman, M.D.,
Elmira, O. A. Blanchard,
Galena, Emil Hauser,
Granville, L. G. Edgerly,

Lacon, A. H. Thompson,
Osceola, J. S. Pashley, M.D.,
Rock Island, Post Surgeon,
Tiskilwa, Verry Aldrich,
Willow Creek, E. E. Bacon,
Winnebago, J. W. Tolman,
Wyanet, | E. S. Phelps and Miss L. E.
Phelps,

i
Woaowrtoournwe Pop meat

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE : Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place and Time of
resultant.

kind of the year.
observations.

Direction.

tween N. & E.
tween N.& W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

N. E. or be-
N. W. or be-

January
February
March
April
May
June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter 52, 74 3e 30) 106
The year 266| 3 57: 44° 307
Spring 2155/1200/186§ 10) 2040/1683) 2598
Summer 2)/1903)1096 349/3027/1167/1804
Autumn 1406, 764)1406 /2488 2317
Winter §77|1158) 715|1506)1400/2128)1923) 2476
{Weep || Goo [Il e20 | een, |Ieoa |} cee] end |} S85 ||) 05
Spring 318) 107} 279| 165) 662 671
Summer 256) 137} 220} 132) 904 646
Autumn 67| 235} 65] 170) 89} 784! 728) 609
Winter 2| 228) 91) 193) 146) 735 576
UU era cEn Nh cog |Pecaee || cab. || sent ||) cook feces |] seco. |] Scos. || cas
Spring 30/2473 1307|2148/1525|2702 13269] 239
Summer 3|2159|1233)2174/1781/3931 '2450| 460
Autumn 1641) 892)1876|1544/3272/2109|/2926| 457
Winter 1386) 806)1699|1546)2863)2534/3052| 247
dibovenicene | oso |b con jl ace ff ceo |} cro |f oo I con ee

103.
Rock
Island.

30° 18/ W.
1 W.

35 W.
28 W.
W.
W.
W.
W.
W.
W.
We
W.

. 363° E.|.
. 46 &. |.
85 W.|.
88 W.|.

=

49 w.|.
. 544 B. |,
. 754 W.|.
6l E.

. 30 E. |.
34 &E. |.
461 W.|.023
. 84 W.|.07$

vations at all stations.
—

PRA NAT nth TIA Tn tn tn th tn
RRMA NANA wine

104. Aggregate number of obser-

combined. of clouds.

wm U

|
|

2preceding Motion

—

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 287

(Nos. 105 to 107.) Northeastern Illinois.

Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. Jeusuntck

Date.

yrs. mos.
Aurora, A. J. Babcock & A. Spaulding,| 6
Batavia, William Coffin and others,’
Belvidere, G. B. Mess, [Fitch,
Channahan, Rey. D. H. Sherman and Dr. J.
Chicago, S. Brookes and others,?
DeKalb, J. D. Parker,

Elgin, John B. Newcomb,

Evanston, H. G. Meacham and others,?
Farm Ridge, Elmer Baldwin,

Fort Dearborn, Post Surgeon,

Fremont Centre, | J. H. Smith,

Joliet, Brownson,

King’s Mills, Dr. A. and Mrs. Spaulding,
Marengo, O. P. and G.5. Rogers,
Magnolia, H. K. Smith,

Monroe, Silas Meacham,

Naperville, L. and M. 8. Ellsworth,
Ottawa, Dr. J. O. Harris and others,!
Riley, E. Babcock,

Rochelle, Daniel Carey,

Sandwich, N. E. Bullon, M.D.,
Waukegan, Dr. William Joslyn,
Wheaton, Prof. Geo. H. Collier,
Woodstock, Geo. R. Bassett,

a
H
a

i
ooo

ray

He
CNOCOWHNOHHDOOHBONWOROHWGS

RPOoOrRAmN ob oc

e
i

—
ow

—
ja

1857 to 1861 and 1865 to 1869 both inclusive.
1854, 1857, 1858, 1859 and 1860.

1868 and 1869.

1860 and 1861.

1845, 1856, 1857 and 1860 to 1869 inclusive.
1866.

1858 to 1862 inclusive.

1860, 1864, 1865, 1866 and 1869.

1860.

1833 to 1836 inclusive.

1857.

1843 to 1845 inclusive.

1869.

1856 to 1869 inclusive, except 1864 and 1867.
1866, 1867 and 1868.

1849 and 1850.

1860.

1854 to 1869 inclusive.

1856 to 1867 inclusive and 1869.

1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1859 to 1869 inclusive.

1849.

1857, 1858, 1859 and 1861.

1860 and 1861.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon

DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

influences.

Place and Time of
kind of the year.
observations.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-
tween 8, & E.

ut eee
Chicago, Autumn 36 74
Winter : 74
The year® 278
Spring j 174
Summer 245
Autumn 223
Winter ‘ 6 | 147
The year® ore aco || coo b09
Spring - 1016/1741
Summer } 1196/1129
Autumn j 1111/1354
Winter 10051312
The year® ° os

I
Lor

No. of ob-
servations.

No. of
miles.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter

106. Surface winds at Smithsonian
Stations in 1854, 755, °56 & 757.6

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

—

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

A

4° 5/E.
43
43
51
32
41
49
il
7
7
16
10

5 44
0
16

RnnyA AnnA nNDIA

AAA TA tn A TAA A
qahh 44h

fs

=
©

ead, M.D., Wm. Coffin, E. Capen and F. Crandon.

G. D. Hiscox, M. C. Armstrong, J. H. Roe, G. A. Boetner, A. M. Byrne, J. 0. Donoghoe, J. A. Pool and J. H.

C. E. Smith, A. D. Langworthy, W. H. Morrison, H. W. Scovill, Joseph H. Gill, F. J. Huse and O. Marcy.

1
2
Hangeuth ; several independent sets of observations.
2 G. O. Smith, M.D., S. L. Shotwell and Mrs. Emily H. Merwin.

From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 4 : 6
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 5 . . 0 5 : : :
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above .
Excess of the latter over the former .

7.52 | 6.40 | 6.66
| 1.82

| 2.3)
A

§ Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

288 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 107.) Northeastern Illinois.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a3 influences.
Hs
A al Ee Ai lg
Kind of Time of £2 bg £2 o%] | Directionof|2s|)
observations. | the year. Be Uh By 4 ne resultant. SE Direction.
Pear 2 | Sel oe eee Hise eres of Py
= [88] € jas] BS 1ES| & |FS) as 9 2
z |z=| @ laf] a | a2 | & lzziS a &
pane yee eal Rote al eS a |
lg (| Spring 1551 )4250|2742 |2836 2596 4387 3872 3477) 548)/S. 67°43’ W.|.07 | N. 53° E. |.114
2 2 Summer [1338 |3557/25103)2718 29983 56033 2987 3256 1146S. 24 56 W. |. 15 |S. 67 E. |.103
2 .| 224! autumn [|1298}|2411/1673 |2293 28374/5251 |3594}/3501| 890/S. 60 38 W.|.23 |S. 693 W.|.05
* A fee | Winter 1213 |1896)1370 |2311 2804 |5506 5041 |4241) 540:S. 69 53 W.|.324 S. 85 W.).143$
ae The year! wso's|li) aceee [foe le roeets Ncoceee, V0 een aan teal | noo Sie 6 un Naren
S|. (| Spring 413 | 622| 415 | 291) 453 |1409 2073 /1077| ... |S. 89 9 W AL | N. 532 E. |.05
aS as [ Summer 348 | 554) 340 | 254) 529 1401 2389 | 985) ... |S. 85 15 W.|.46h|S. 67 W.|.02
A438 4| Autumn | 233 | 444/ 282 | 272) 371 /1212 (1792 | 871| ... |S. 85 34 Wf4d 8. 58 E. |.02
ig Ee (| Winter 241 | 373] 307 | 266) 360 |1314 ,2057 |1034) ... |S. 85 20 W. |. 494 | 8. 69 W.).04
Sa ON Mheryearl |e weenie eeenllitess ae 255 fee [teen | eee [Se BOS swale
22 | Ss Spring 1964 |4872/3157 |3127/3049 |5796 |5945 4554 548 S. 80 42 W.|.14 | N 523 E. | 10
es eS q Summer [1686 |4111/28503)2972)35273)70043/5376 |3241/1146'S. 52 2 W...19 S. 654 E. |.08
<> |] Sas) Autumn /|15313)2855/1955 |2565/32083/6463 |53864 4372) 890S. 67 53 W. 27) \St 6he We 033
re = a Winter 1454 |22691677 |2577/3164 |6820 |7098 5275| 540S. 74 1 W.|. 3543/8 843 W.|.12
SWS Se Unt crr ee ((ee eealines ioe | moll Go llhae | ecu aS aa wee
1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
(Nos. 108 and 109.) Bastern Illinois, latitude 40° to 41°.

Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. ene Date.

a
i]

NrFoOOor gs: |

1860 and 1861.

Bloomington, Jesse Allison, |
| 1864, 1865 and 166.
|

Clinton, C. H. Moore,
Wapella, T. L. Graff,
Waynesville, Joshua E. Cantril,
West Urbana, John Swain, M.D.,

1868.
1858.
1857, 1858 and 1859.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Kind of Time of the
observations, year.

or be-

Direction,

E. or be-

Ww.
to sum of winds,

alm or
variable,

Ratio of resultant

tween N. & E.
tween S. & E.
tween 8. & W.
tweenN.& W.

N. E. or be-
Ss

S. W. or be-
N.

C

| Spring 12
Summer 51
; Autumn 23 2 8 30
Winter 4 y 9
The year? | ... seo cee [rss oes
Spring 51] 9: | 153
Summer 102 ; 2 208
Autumn 56 108} 382) 299
Winter 18 ae ie.) 49} 2 14

The year? | ... sa6: [vena Woca || ~o00 fe baa
Spriug 12.75 17.98 4.00,9.4412.75 8.2613. oul
Summer 3.52) 3.58.7.293.94 4.08 6.57)10.00
Autumn 2.43) 5.335.06/2.37 3.605.70) 9.65
Winter 4.50 7.50: 00 5.43 5.44 3.55) 2.00

5 80° 51/ E.

v2 |
moo

servations.

—S— ——__-,_ —$— _

No. of ob-

tiles.

RAN Annas,

“=
Ne Nae
®
Bs
wo
ore
Sy
3S
ees
e
OE
cael]
53
a
fe)
oe
i)

pa
°o
3
a
dz
=
oO
=a
A
a

| miles p.h’r.

1 Fro

B

this table we obtain the following summary of resulise _—

| Spring. Summer. | Autumn.} Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 6 12.63 4.80 5.30 5.68
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 0 5 1.94
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own ayers pat
as shown in the table above . 7 5 6 .
Excess of the latter over the former .

2 Computed from the resultauts for the seasons.

‘2 Soames

| 109. Aggregate number of obser-

4 Place of observation.

110. Surface eine at Smivensonian

SERIES B. ZONE 10.

(No. 109.)

LAT.
Eastern Illinois.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

40° TO 45° N. 289

Monsoon
influences.

Kind of
observations.

Time of the
year,

tween S. & E
S. W. or be-
tween 8S. & W

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

variable.
to sum of winds.

tween N.& W.

Calm or

| Ratio of resultant

Ww)

139

we

Spring
Summer 113
Autumn 130
Winter 67
The year! ond oa ees
Spring ‘ 6} 27
Summer 1S
Autumn 10
Winter 8
The year! an

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

=)

Surface
wind
we]
Go GO
He 00

bob
b

~)
S)
<o

2 0
co: ©
~r ie)

me
as

375
254
239
354)

312!
224)
124
298)

261| 166) 248|
223) 126 |
113} 140] 143)
133} 75

vations at all stations.

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

—

WARN MAAw

MiAzAyAn

PEEEEEEEEE!

(Nos. 110 and 111.)

Observed as follows:—

aaa Regeane |
length

By whom observed. Oe anes

y rs. mos.
Daniel Spitler,

H. Peters and others,!

C. B. Laselle and others,?
R. M. Newkirk,

C.S. Woodward and others,?|

Kentland, 0
1
4
0
1
Geo. C. Munfield, 0
0
3
5
0
0

La Fayette,
Logansport,
Laport,
Michigan City,
Mishawaka,
Notre Dame,
Rensselaer,
South Bend,
Valparaiso,
Winnamac,

Thomas Vagnier,

J. H. Loughridge, M.D.,
Jas. A. Dayton and others,4
Rey. Robert Beer,

WNPRNDrOroOhpaos$s

1869.

1854, 1865 and 1869.

1854, 1857 to 1861 inclusive and 1863.
1850 and 1869.

1857 and 1858.

1859.

May, 1859.

1844, 1864, 1865 and 1867 to 1869 inclusive.
1860 to 1865 inclusive.

1869.

1845 to 1844.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS F

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

ROM THE*

Kind of
bservations.

Time of
the year.

N. EL. or be-
tween N. & EB. |

Spring ) 3 j 4) 21
Summer
Autumn - 76
Winter 48
The years | ... ecoulill yectauilb ices
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year®

Spring -O5)11. -99/D« 05
Summer ae -96 : i +28
Autumn He 5. iF b “51
| Winter c je 173. -08

=

No. of
observat’ns.

106
497
723
340

No. of
miles

Stations in 1854,’ 55, 56 & 57.5

| FE

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

N. W. or be-
tween N & W.
Calm or

variable.
Ratio of resultant

. 52° 297 W.|.
id, 33) Wiel 2:

iL 13} 2, |e

61 23 W.|.

70 W.|.

23 47 W.|.25

78 25 W.|.

81

79

75

ELSE

AZNAZR ANNA
hes

H. Bixby, Isaac E. Windle and J. W. Newton.
- Woodbridge, B. D. Angell and H. Blake.
rom this table we obtain the following summary of results

eNecom ee
>

ey

2 Isaac Bartlett and T. B. Helm.
4 Reuben Burroughs.

Spring. | Summer, | Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 6 .
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity é c c . : ¢ é
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
Several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . . :

| Excess of the latter over the former .

7.56 6.05 | 11.99 6.16

1.61

2.59
+.93.

# © Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Oued anuary, 1875.

290 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 111.) Northwestern Indiana.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE _Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 4 influences.
os Ez
| 5 a Ae 3 Direction of ene
<i ime of the y os 28 5 1 HO
oeane Ty oar | By ae ae Be a resultant. % = Direction.
FOr ace | See) 26 | cers ee
S [ag | 2 las] ees | Pee lee =
Zz \22| alae) a | ab | & | as jo e
‘ Spring 343 438) 305 581) 440) 1016) 925 771| 305|S. 72°16! W.).27 |
2 3a Summer 480 358) 369) 460) 501| 1215] 924! 648] 456/S. 69 6 W.|.25
rs. | 23 4| autumn 232 274| 268) 415) 444! 1026) §27) 781! 367/S. 70 14 W.|.31
ts 3 BE Winter 160, 307) 252, 434) 289] 1087) 979] 563) 249|/S. 66 43 W.|.345 |
ae The year! sey Sapet| Gper lM rsmanl| iame vee ae se) ||"oee 19s, 169) OME S29
28 . | Spring 140| 173] 155) 209] 200} 474) 701) 351 8. 78 39 W.|.363 |
gs ag Summer 158) 117] 109) 118] 216] 498) 933) 376 8. 83 31 W.|.51 |
A245 84) autumn | 127) 102) 72 113) 138) 463/ 515) 343 S. 83 8 W.|.462|
23/52 | Winter 54 156| 106) 148! 81} 470) 557| 277 8. 83 30 W.|.414
Sn 'S | @heryear! ||) cl) Se) Seales eI eel ee ceal| engl cea SS mee ayes ees
23 eae Spring 483 611| 460 790) 640) 1490) 1624) 1122 305 8. 74 56 W.|.28
2] 2] Summer 638) 475| 478| 578] 717| 1713] 1857] 1024] 456/S. 76 -2 W.|.332
> |] Ses Autumn 359 376] 340) 528) 582) 1489) 1342) 1124) 367|/S. 74 25 W.|.35
a eel Winter 214, 463] 358) 582| 370) 1557| 1536) 840} 249|S. 70 42 W.|.37
Siemlecis [ Mheyeatl |) xci|| esl sched leeceillitercullp seas fee =eeu (mu beeen | eee S- 74 6 W.|.33
|

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 112 to 114.) Northeastern Indiana.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
length

Place of observation. By whom observed. tities

Date.

Balbec, Miriam Griest, 4 First 4 months of 1866.
Brockville or Fremont, | Matthew Coffin, Bn 1840 to 1843 inclusive.
Columbia, Dr. F. and Miss L. MeCoy, 1865 to 1869 inelusive.
Fort Wayne, Prof. A. C. Huestis and Miss 1849, 1860 and 1861.

G. Webb,
Jalapa, Albert C. Irwin, 1868 and 1869.
Kendallville, W. B. Coventry and J. 1854.

Knauer,
Leo, W. W. Spratt, M.D., May, 1861.

Muncie, E. J. Rice and G. W. H. 1863, 1864 and 1866 to 1869 inclusive
Kemper,
Pennville, John Griest, 1864 and 1865.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS
OF THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of Direction of |

resultant.

observation. the year.

S. 66°55! W :

North,
N
variable.
to sum of winds.

N.

Ratio of resultant

Calm or

bo

ALOTAITAWHATHORS

January
February
March
April
May
June

F July

112

a August
Brockville Saptanban
Recon October

x November 6)

December | 9
Spring 3} 2s 43
Summer | 5
Autumn . BY as Ale ait
Winter 3 | 25) 11
The year 34 ala 70

ee
a

BROMO WMWWHHOS 4
i

b —
WOSCOrEKONKRWWH WwW

BOSCONGHORARW

bo

2/8. 68 24 W.

S. 52 40 W.
- 00, 09) We
1 GO) sabia

1

ob
SSW wkonmProOoOMATrRwWwwW

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 291

(Nos. 113 and 114.) Northeastern Indiana.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DirreRENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Time of the
year.

Place of
observations,

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E,
S. E. or be-
tween S.& E.
W. or be-
tween 8.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

S.

Spring

. 66° E. .13
6

5 te 47" W. ; N
Summer, - 60 3 W.). iS)
Autumn . 38 59 W.). iS)
Winter Stele alat .|.228] N.
N
bs}
SS)
N

—N,

[Sy]
cars
ns
aS
i=)

33 W. .16
2 W.!.17
9 HE. |.19

iS
eS

observa-
tions

pan
~I~T

No, of

MiWenyie ain | ete | teens meena llt-eeoall hess) |)ieees wee coo |} con [fSs Bis} BYE)
Spring «. |N. 79 45
Summer a (fil ib)
Autumn . 56 0
Winter .. IN. 66 32
HUNG) SSE osc. | coe |)_ abo |] ono 1H) Gen) I) acs oe .. | «. |S. 82 45
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

29 W, |.12
3. 431 W.|.15
5H 1, lil
11 E. }.19

No. of
miles.
Ls bo
Sees
(Je) ow

3.83): : ‘
2..00/:
8.50

ville in the year 1854.!

113. Surface winds at Kendall-

M’n vel.
in miles
pv hour.

See

observations at all stations.
Motion
of clouds.

114, Aggregate number of

Two
preceding
combined.

1280

—

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Spring. .| Autumn. | Winter, |The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 7.77 3.19 9.36 6.18

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the combass move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction) giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass ‘each their own average velaeity
as shown in the table above . c ° .

Excess of the latter over the former .

1.51 1.33 2.13

2.41
41.10

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 115 and 116.)
Observed as follows :—

Southwestern Michigan.

Aggregate
length

Place of observation. By whom observed. of time. Date.

<
4
a

1854 to 1859 inclusive and 1867.

1850 and 1851.

1854 to 1862 inclusive, except 1859.

1854 to 1860 and 1865 to 1869 both inclusive.
1856, 1860 to 1864 and 1866 to 1869 both

Battle Creek,

Burr Oak (Westport),
Cooper,

Grand Rapids,
Holland,

Dr. W. M. Campbell,
Charles Betts,

Mrs. Octavia C. Walker,
Alfred O. Currier & others,!
L. H. Streng,

Kalamazoo,
Litchfield,

New Buffalo,
Newark,
Oshtemo,
Otsego,
Saugatuck,
West Oshtemo,

M. Chase and F. Little,
R. Bullard,

J. B. Crosby,

L. H. Streng,

H. H. Mapes,

Matthew Coffin,

L. H. Streng,

RPepPpRONWRr~TOAaACc
bobo Ob aT bh ow aT

1866 to 1869 inclusive.
1866 to 1869 inclusive.
1859 to 1862 inclusive.
1856.

1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1860, 1861 and 1862.
1855 and 1856.

1865, 1866 and 1867.

[inclusive.

1 L. H. Streng, E. A. Strong, J. B. Parker and E. S. Holmes

292 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 115 and 116.) Southwestern Michigan.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Kind of Time of
resultant.

observations the year. Direction.

Ss. W.
to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

tween S. & E.
W. or be-
tween S. & W.

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year? | ... one eto |p cos ||| com _|) cee
Spring 938] 2 1074/1036|3902
Summer 2 5 972) 529) 959)3188)
Autumn 21| 667 1280/3854
Winter ‘ 5 38)12' 986)/4596
The year? ; oe 4 ogra a A
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter 5 5
Spring 389) 1258 557 2) 644 2000) 36 |1598)1109
Summer 1008| 720) 673)253 & 1301/2131)
Autumn 972/1016/1037|25 35 |1257|1651
Winter 56 > | 1304/1080) 9277/2592) 2 1159} 835
The year? | ... oop wae | cto |} G28 5, || sass |[ tec
Spring 345) 3 995 722| : | | 858
Summer 2 ¢ 1028) 491) 4) 968) 34: 961
Autumn 282) 36 1375) 691) 218/12 é 997
Winter y Z 1416) 908) 3735 |1026
The year? | ... O25 boa || esc, ee i|oceo on ee More
Spring De 5 2552/1734! 839/307 33 |2456)1109
Summer 30 5 2036 1211) 827/3498) 5964 |2262/2131
Autumn 89) 1298 | 2347|1707 1255/3784!) } |2254/1651
Winter de 7 | 27201988 1104/3697) 6652 |2185|) 835

The year? | ... = ne eres sooo) tes 295 ae

. 89°49’ W.|-
5 W.|.2
W..|. 2:
W.|.28
W.):
W.|.:
W.}:
W.!.<
W.

No. of
observat’ns.

Stations in 1854, 55, 56 & 757.!
No. of
miles

Sora =)

miles p.h’r.
ASAS

= $$ —SS,_ ———F*

)

Surface M/’n vel. in

winds.

wwhwirhywyHe
ue

> HE BD BD Ot OAT Ge ST oD
AAA In tn a ta tA

Motion

combined. of clouds.

Figs

vations at all stations.

cn tp

a
=
3
az
2
|
wa
Sd
a
mn
cs
a
&
E
>
o
&
Ss
n
iS
Ll
ei
;
Py
D
n
2
°
'—
°
Z
od
E
5
a
D
&
s
oD
vo
~
oo
i=! 5)
<
S
et
ec

RR TATA TA A oh ta te A

2 preceding

=

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Spring. | Summer.| Autumn. | Winter. |
| =

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour - 6.41 4.44 5.67
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the str aa move with the foregoing
average velocity : 5 1.13
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average vole
as shown in the table above . : 5 5 : 5 1.5
Excess of the latter over the former : f +.4:

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 117 and 118.) Michigan, latitude 43° to 45°.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
length

Place of observation. By whom observed. Gites

yrs.
Forestville, U. S. Lake Survey, : 0
Grand Haven, U.S. Lake Survey, 0
Grand Traverse, H. R. Schetterly,
Homestead, George G. Steele,
Lower Saginaw, James G. Birney,
Mill Point, Rev. L. M. 5. Smith,
Muskegon, H. A. Pattison,

Old Mission, C. P. Avery,

Ottawa Point, U. 8. Lake Survey,
Pleasanton, Joseph D. Millard,
Samlac, U.S. Lake Survey,

E]

ee poe poo

e

1858.

1859.

1854.

1865, 1866, 1867 and 1869.
1849.

1860, 1861 and 1862.

1868 and 1869.

1869.

1858 and 1859.

1868 and 1869.

September and October, 1859,

NWkhOw

H observations.| the year.

‘ 117. Surface winds atiGrand

118. Aggregate number of
observations at all stations.

SHRIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 293
(Nos. 117 and 118.) Michigan.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THK Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Kind of Time of Direction of

resultant. Direction.

variable.
to sum of winds.

tween N. & FE.

S. E. or be-

tween 8. & E.

S. W. or be-
tween 8. & W.

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-

November 3 (9. 638°12/ W.| 494
December j 2 | 3 --(S. 71 44 W.!.

No. of ob-
servations.

November
December

No. of
miles.

November /4. 6 : .00)15. -6013-21
December |3.43/2.55|12.00} 4.67) 3.% 34) 4.50

Traverse in the year 1854.!

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’y

Spring | 20: g 365) 203
Summer 5 5) 500 332
Autumn 49) y Z 423, 293
Winter 220) 4¢ 5 2) 546) 249
The year? | ... | ... poo 300 oon coo | G08
Spring ie 102; 112
Summer 65 3) 175) 164
Autumn 57 | 194, 198
Winter 43 3}) JIB) Bl
ANG SEALE | n05 Noo 909 000 bod ||» Sea
Spring 2) 242 101; 467) 315 401) /1391N.
Summer 323, 129 675 496) 466) 94°.

Autumn | 229 j 2) 193) 617) 491) 503)108)S:

Winter 63) 276 5 9931 115) 685) 400) 535,121\N.

EINE Ry CAT mee en ace entero een eereerel oeeest ||) cecil eden estING (8

Surface
winds

of clouds.

2preceding Motion
combined.

—

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

| Autumn, | Winter.

' |
Average velocity of all winds in miles per honr . . 6 11.93
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds from every point of the

compass move with the foregoing average velocity
True velocity in mean direction, giving to “the winds from the several points of the compass
each their own average velocity, as shown in the table above . A d

i Excess of the latter over the former

# 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 119 to 123.) Southeastern Michigan.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

i Place of observation. By whom observed. fength Date.

of time.

}

MOR GIDONW- po

a
a

1849 to 1856 inclusive.!

1851 and 1854.

1852, 1853 and 1854.

1851.

1868 and 1869.

1842 and 1843.

July, 1839, to December, 1842, inclusive.

1840 to 1846 and 1849 to 1851 both inclusive.
1854. tl
1831 to 1836, 1840 to 1846 and 1849 to 1852, all }
inclusive. }

Ann Arbor, A. Wiuchell & L. Woodruff,
Brest, Dr. Thomas Whelpley,
Brooklyn, Dr. M. K. Taylor,

Clinton, Elmore Wainwright,
Coldwater, N. C. Southworth,
Dearbernville, Post Surgeon at the Arsenal,
Detroit, Rev. George Duffield,
Detroit Barracks, | Post Surgeon,

Flint, Dr. D. Clark,

Fort Gratiot, Post Surgeon,

THAWHHOR MOF
i

i

1 Two iadobendent ge series of observations, one made at Michigan Uaioe and the other rhe miles E.S.E. of it.

294 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 119 to 123.) Southeastern Michigan.— Continued. “

Aggregate

length «
Place of observation. By whom observed. GE the. Date.

yrs. m

@

1850 and 1851.

1863 to 1869 inclusive.
1865.

1854 to 1869 inclusive.

Howell, Dr. H. R. Schetterly,
Lansing, Prof. R. C. Kedzie, 6
Manchester, F. M. Reasner, M.D., 0
Monroe, Misses H. J. and F. E. 14
Whelpley and others,!
Pontiac, James A. Weeks,
Redford Centre, Charles C. Smith, M.D.,
Romeo, S. L. and G. P. Andrews,
Ypsilanti, Miss G. Webb and C. 8.
Woodward,

1864 and 1865.

1861.

1856 and 1857.

1859 to 1864 inclusive.

We OO CO aT worm bDoo

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Place of Time of
observation, the year.

N. by E.
N.N. E.
N. E, by N.
N. E. by E
KE. by 8.
E.S. E
S. E. by E.
S. E. by S

pr
i
bo

orp

January
February
March
April

May

June

119. Detroit. July
August
September
October
November
December 63
The year 552

BS

bo
oS
Bian

ray
WDNWNWOanonace

e
i
me OO

Heb
an

an
a iy
—
—
AGSCOrOowunNnohon-
-
SOMWWNWoSoaphPhood
_
e
WWWNMORDPHRADOP

AowenroooororkkRS
aowowoooococeoc
Isooocowrnoooeoo
epowocwoocoocrRoeoo
AIAWWNWrAWwWnNNwaAwWoLhD

SCUNWOWON®

148

=
bo
for)
i
=
(=)
a
a

=

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WI FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of
- observation, the year.

5. by W.
S. W. by W.
W. by N.
N. W. by W.
N. W, by N.

na

148] 4
148) 16
100, 20
140, 12
124| 44
216| 8
177| 33
129] 12
102) 12
171) 6

78| 12
159| 9
1692188 |556 |197 840

i

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
lL) The year

—
cCoWwwwowonooce

119. Detroit.

{

39
94
57
384

ra
SCHWHOWAWhORD PP

21
9
232

ScooeocooorKMD ROR ER
HAAPWOWOMM SP hob

1
oo

for)
x
~T

From the dates given above it will be seen that we have only three-quarters as many observations in the
first half of the year as in the last half; and so to equalize their influence on the general result for the year,
the former have, in this table, been multiplied by 4, and the latter by 3. The direction of the resultant for
the year is S. 89° 0/ W., and its ratio to the sum of the winds .25.

' Capt. A. D. Perkins and G. W. Bowlsby.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 120 to 122.)

Time of
the year.

Place and
kind of
observations.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

|
|

120.
Dearborn-

ville
Arsenal.

February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

121.
Detroit
Barracks.

ZONE 10.

LAT.

40°

TO 45° N.

Southeastern Michigan.— Continued.

ov THE COMPASS.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS

The year?
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
121(a). August
Fort | September
Gratiot. October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

——,

No. of No. of ob-
servations.

S99 SS ES SSS

miles.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

p.h’r.

Stations in 1854, °55, 756 & 757.1

MW’n vel. in

—

122. Surface winds at Smithsonian

WN. E. or be-
tween N. & E.

or OX
Be

3382.5
1104
1717

2339.5

S. E. or be-
tween 8S, & E.

or be-
tween N.& W.

N. W.

; Calm or

variable.

ZAZNAAnnnMAnn nny

Direction of
resultant.

Is. 69° 9/ W.].
IS. 34 41
ey NES ae
. |S. 82 25
IS. 77 35

3

4454545558554"

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

295

Monsoon
influences,

Direction.

|

N. 83$°R. | .16 f
8. 47 E. | .21
N. 70 W.| .29
N. 54 W.) .05

42h

DANA MN A AintAy

ty | miles

~

rom this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Spring.

Summer.

Autumn.

Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing

average velocity

True velocity in mean da

as shown in the table above

Excess of the latter over the former .

irection, giving to the winds from
every point of the compass each their own avera

. .

winds

ge velocity,

7.44

5.41

6.71

1.92

7.30

2.48 |
4.56 |

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

296 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(No. 123.) Southeastern Michigan.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction
of

Kind of Time of the
resultant.

observations. year. Direction.

variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

. E. or be

tween N.& E,
S. E. or be-
tween 8. & E.
S. W. or be-
} NICE S.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

Calm or

East.

|
oh
nan |
==

Spring /1635| 3965/1852 2211 1603} 4481 2839| Pre 630/N. 73° 24/ W.|.
Summer |1667] 2904/1581] 2213/2123) 5396] 2731] 3068 1094/5. 65 21 W.|.
Autumn (1264) 2179/1093) 1977|1944 5621) 3014 3524) 9255S. 69 39
Winter 1374| 2216/1023) 1933 1733] 6141] 3107] 4266) 618/S. 77 9
The year 5940|11264 5549) 8334/7403 21639|11691/14552 3267S. 76 10
Spring 224) 897) 294) 509} 150) 1197| 1002) 1648 NI 68 52
Summer | 329! 627] 217) 550! 200) 1721; 1310] 1614] ... |N. 87 39
Autumn 258] 550) 186} 588} 195| 1512) 973) 1616) ... |N. 87 19
| Winter | 213) 628] 189) 535) 187) 1606) 931] 1784) ... |N. 84 38
| The year |1024) 2702) 886| 2182) 732) 6036) 4216) 6662) ... |N. 82 54
Spring |1859) 4862/2146 2720/1753) 5678) 3841) 5342) 630.N. 71 31
| Summer 1996) 3531/1798 2763/2323) 7117 4041) 4682 1094'S. 76 13
Autumn /|1522| 2729)1279| 2565/2139) 7133) 3987) 5140) 925|/S. 75 58
Winter |1587| 2844/1212) 2468/1920) 7747 4038| 6050) 618|/S. 81 46 Ww. 31

| The year |6964)13966 6435) 10516/8135 27675 15907|21214/3267/S. 82 58 W.| | |, 233

if

o

—]
s
Mm

winds.

of clouds.
(oe (a ————-—,

424444442222
er pn winny

123. Aggregate number of
observations at all stations.

2preceding Motion

combined,

(Nos. 124 and 125.) Northwestern Ohio.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate

j Place of observation. By whom observed. length of Date and remarks.
: time. %

1857 and 1861.

i rs. mos.

4 Belle Centre, Rev. R. Shields and J.C. | 0

i Smith,

= Bellefontaine, Joseph Shaw, | 3 5 1856 to 1860 inclusive.

j Bowling Green, W. R. Peck & John Clarke,| 5 1861 to 1863 and 1867 to 1869 both inclusive.
Croton, Rev. E. Thompson and M. 3 1860 to 1863 inclusive.

) Sperry,

} Edgerton, A. B. Knight,

4 remount, ee tae ce eaeneer se

} Geneva Hall, Rev. J. R. W. Sloane,

| Homer, Thos. F. Withrow,

4 Kelly’s Island, Geo. C. Huntingdon,

i Kenton, C. H. Smith, M.D.}

f Lewisville, orkecento ude neeicts cae

j Marion, H. A. True and C. Chase,

f Mount Tabor, William Lapham,

# Mount Vernon, F. A. Benton,

# Mount Victory, W. C. Hampton,

4 New Westfield, A. E. Jerome,

4 North Bass Island,| Geo. R. Morton,

} North Fairfield, O. Burras,

| Northwood, Rey. J. R. W. Sloane,

| Norwalk, G. A. Hyde and Rey. A.

Newton,

} Perrysburg, F. Hollenbeck,

4 Republic, Stephen S. Dorsey,

} Sandusky, Thomas Neill and others,

i} Sidney, Joseph Shaw,
Toledo, J. B. Trembley, M.D.,

} Troy, Charles L. McClung,

¥ Urbana, Prof. M. G. Williams,

1 West Barre, need
Yankeetown, A. Jacque,

oom

~

1869.

1851.

1854.

1852.

1860 to 1869 inclusive.

1862 and 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
1852.

1865 to 1869 inelusive.

1849 and 1850.

1852, 1854 and 1855.

1860.

1862 and 1863.

1869.

1867, 1868 and 1869.

1858.

1854, 1855 and 1861 to 1868 inclusive.

be H
SCR RAEN OWE Re be

Serewmeoocrokrownooce

(I
Hor

1854.

1851.

1843, 1844, 1845, 1868 and 1869
1857.

1861 to 1869 inelusive.

1860 to 1863 inclusive.

1855 to 1869 inclusive, except 1860.
1853.

1854.

=
Conmnwmrenwooe

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 297

(Nos. 124 and 125.) Northwestern Ohio.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of
resultant.

Kind of Time of the

observations. year. Direction,

to sum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

tween N. & E,
tween S. & E.
N. W. or be-

tween N. & W.

S. E. or be-

| N. E. or be-
1
Calm or

Spring
Suinmer 2 : 2) 155
Autumn ¢ § f 200
Winter 7 j 2 j 225
The year? |... coo ff coo “00 200 con 060 con
Spring 992 473) 532 2) 3759
Summer i E Ai 376) 56 2827| 2515
Autumn ‘ 34 393) 4440 2604
Winter iy i i 362 3432
The year? 200 200 con a0 260 ons

Spring co : ° : - 40/13. 62
Summer 4. 0 .43)11.10)15. -68)16.23
Autumn 2. . ; 2.22/15 .31)12 - 48/1302
Winter r 327. j .72)10-31)15 .25
Spring 4) 290 | 39] 3320) 2673/1342
Summer é 2 2652 Z y 4) 2746) 1946/2207
Autumn - - 3096) 2769/1872
Winter j : E 3) 4261) 2213/1472
The year? cco || cco ene oe 200 on 208). 05
Spring 34 Balle 2665) 1273
Summer 2) 2: c 39) 2318) 973
Autumn c € 4 2312) 1228
Winter ) 30} « ‘ 499) 2885) 1080
The year? | ... aco -|l doo 000 Be 200 O06 coat! eo
Spring ; 67/1805 AC 5985) 3946/13¢
Summer 22 5 y -7333| 5064) 2919/2:
Autumn 649} 25 : 339| 7343) 5408) 3997
Winter 69| 2267|1462 7146} 3293)
The year? | ... aeo |) oce neo cos ore O00 205

Dll

. 71°48! W.|
49 2W.!).
5d 34 W.|-25
65 49 W.).34¢
61 4W.).
76 17 W.!.¢
58 58 W.|.%
54 39 W.).322
73 28 W.|.¢
65 20 W.).348

bo
~T
for)
oo
to
~I

>
Bo
o
cs

No. of ob-
servations.

miles.

Ann AnD

Stations in 1854, 55, 56 & °57.!
M’n vel. in No. of

miles p. h’r.

—

124. Surface winds at Smithsonian

>)

Surface
wind

nnAA

4 om
og
a
2a
da
eo
Be
ire
a
BD in
22
>
_—
ied
a2
°

1 Chee Cyan) Cees
bo bp
PER RAR th on ch th
at
ANAA NAIA

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . 10.86 12.62
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity 6 3.55
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass, each their own average Meee
as shown in the table above . . . 6 ; 0
Excess of the latter over the former . : 6 6 : 6

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

38 January, 1875,

298

(Nos. 126 to 129.)

WINDS OF

Observed as follows :—

‘Place of observations.

Andrews,!
Arcola,
Ashtabula,
Austinburg,
Avon,
Berea (Baldwin’s
Inst.),
Breckville,
Cambridge,
Cardington,
Cleveland,
Conneaut,
Coshocton,
Cuyahoga Falls,
East Cleveland,
East Fairfield,
Edinburg,
Freedom,
Gambier,
Garrettsville,
Gilmore,
Granville,
Hiram,
Hudson,
Huron,
Iberia,
Jefferson,
Keene,
Little Mountain,
Madison,

Mansfield,
Martin’s Ferry,
Medina,
Middlebury,
Milnersville,
Montville,
Mount Pleasant,
Mount Union,
Newark,

New Athens,
New Concord,
New Lisbon,
Norton,
Oberlin,
Ravenna,
Rockport,
Savannah,
Saybrook,

Seville,
Smithfield,
Smithville,
Steubenville,
Twinsburg,
Unionville,
Welchfield,
Wellington,
West Bedford,
Western Star,
Westerville,

Williamsport,
Wooster,

THE

GLOBE.

Northeastern Ohio.

Aggregate
By whom observed. length of Date.
time.
yrs. mos.
Miss A. Cunningham, 0 2 1855.
? 0 5 1843.
D. 8. Alvord and others, 3 2 1862 to 1866 inclusive.
Rev. L. F. Ward, ] 0 1859.
Prof. G. M. Barber, 0 1 1855.
Rev. S. L. Hillier, 0 6 1859 and 1860.
Mr. Brown, 0 i 1843.
H. A. Schauber, 0 1 1863.
G. A. Hyde and Mrs. Hyde, 13 2 1855 to 1859 and 1861 to 1869 both inclusive.
Dibble, 0 1 1843.
Thos. H. Johnson, 0 6 1861 and 1862.
D. M. Rankin, 0 tf 1864 and 1865.
Mrs. M. A. Pillsbury, 2p ala 1861, 1862, 1865 and 1866.
5. B. McMillan, 6 5 1860 to 1867 inclusive.
Smith Sanford, 1 10 1857 and 1858.
H. M. and W. Davidson, 1 5 1860, 1861 and 1862.
C. A. Stillwell and others, 0 3 1869.
Warren Pierce, pail 1861 and 1862.
5. M. Moore, (ee a0) 1869.
P. Carter and S. N. Sanford, 3 4 1843, 1854, 1855 and 1856.
8. L. Hillier and 8. M. Luther,| 3 3 1855 to 1858 inclusive. :
Prof. E. Loomis and others,? 9 4 1838 to 1844 and 1861 to 1863 both inclusive.
Edmund W. West, 0 6 1857.
8. T. Boyd, 0 5 1859.
James D. Herrick, 2 10 1856, 1857 and 1858.
E. C. Bidwell and E. Spooner, | 1 1 1851 and 1854.
E. J. Ferriss, 2 5 1867, 1868 and 1869.
Rev. L. 8. Atkins and Mrs. 8 6 1856 to 1858 and 1860 to 1863 both inclusive.

A. C. King,

F. A. Benton,

Charles R. Shreve,

Rev. L. F. Ward,

Michael Beecher,

Rey. D. Thompson,

William P. Clarke,

David H. Tweedy,

Newton Anthony,

L. M. Dayton and Isaae Dill,
Mason,

Prof. 5. G. Irvine,

J. F. Benner,

H. D. Watkins,

Rev. J. H. Fairchild and others,

Edward Colbrunn,

Dr. John Ingram,

Rey. L. §. Atkins and J. B.
Fraser,

Rev. L. F. Ward,

D. H. Tweedy,

J. H. Meyers and W. Hoover,

Roswell Marsh and J. B. Doyle,

N. A. Chapman,

Miss Ardelia Cunningham,

B. F. Abell,

Rev. L. F. Ward,

H. D. McCarty,

A. 8. Stuver,

John Haywood and H. A.
Thompson,

Dr. W. W. Spratt,

E. Pardee and M. Winger,

i)
=

rary

NohRCWOCOCOCOWOORASO
par —
TH HH TWOHPOHaAMHaAMoOMs

1

1
il "if
0 2
ee
17 3
0 4
1 2
9 2
0 4
0 6
0 5
10 1
0 5
2 1

1851 and 1852.

1867.

1857.

1849.

1862 to 1869 inclusive.

1859 to 1863 inclusive.

1860.

1860.

1855 and 1860 to 1863 inclusive.
1843 and 1844.

1849 and 1850.

1855, 1858, 1859 and 1861 to 1869 inclusive.
1849.

1854 to 1857 inclusive.

1843.

1859 to 1863 inclusive.

1854 to 1863 inclusive.

1862 to 1866 inclusive.

1861 and 1862.

1866.

1864, 1865, 1868 and 1869.

1833 to 1846 and 1866 to 1869 both inclusive.
1860.

1855 and 1856.

1857 to 1866 inclusive.

1863.

1857.

1861. ;

1858 to 1869 inclusive, except 1860.

1860 and 1861.
1849, 1864 and 1865,

' Same as Williamsport, which see.
? Prof. C. A. Young, A. C. Barrows, E. W. Stuart, J. C. Elliot, W. Pettingill and H. R. Watterson.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 299

(Nos. 126 and 127.) Northeastern Ohio.— Continued.

125. Steubenville, 14 years, 1833 to 1846.

Direction of Direction of
Months. |N.E Ww. resultant. Months. .E.| S.E.|S.W. |N.W. resultant.

January | 18 N. 83°54’ W. | . July 183] 214 N. 88°44’ W. | .
February | 15 N. 82 49 W. | .5¢ August 155) 236 N. 78 57 W. | .
March 14 N. 78 3°W. | . September| 12 | ¢ 135) 259) N. 75 58 W. |}
April 32 Wo 78) Be AWo |] October 156) 226) N. 81 3 W.
May 28 N.80 3 W.] . November ; 146] 221) N. 80 14 W.
June 8 N. 84 52 W. | . December 153] 232] N. 76 49 Ww.
The year 1859 |2663) N. 80 58 W.

127. Western Reserve College, Hudson.

Prof. Elias Loomis, who made these observations with great minuteness in regard to the direction of the
wind, resolved them in the direction of the cardinal points, as given in the table below. For the surface
winds, both the number of observations and the estimated force were taken into account; for the motion of the
clouds, the former only. 4 5

Surface winds.

9 o'clock A. M. 3 o’clock P. M.

Ss. : Direction of N. Sh. W. Direction of
resultant. resultant.

71°32! W. 111.3 |
79 41 W. 117.4
75 20 W. 173.1
78 12 W. 203.6
ROOM LOM Vis 202.4
81 55 W. 176.5
84 50 W. 215.2
81 41 W. 207.5
69 33 W. 165.9 123.1 | 230.4
73 19 W. 125.7 123.6 | 284.1
70 14 W. 81.5 : 105.6 | 249.9
82 30 W. 124.3 : 113.6 | 281.5
. 83 46 W. 1904.2 0.1 |1359.0 | 3083.8

cI

HSONOWNHaTEE |

January 153.2
February 124.2
March 94.4
April 107.5
May 102.6
June 133.2
July i Si)
August 2.2 | 103.4
September 133.1
October 132.1
November 121.5
December 122.6
The year 1425.8

140.8 | 285.0 | S. 82° 34/ W.
133.3 | 283.3 | 8. 86 17 W. §
93.4 | 270.7 . 68 28 W. |
108.0 | 234.0 5S W. |
108.0 | 243.3 - 6 W. |
130.8 | 251.6 ; | Ww. |
92.7 | 265.0 | N. 61 45 W. fl
86.0 | 205.0 1

SawWoNOAacawa
SESINASSOH

L=

PATA Tht WA A A teh A 1A Wh

Motion of clouds.

9 o'clock A, M. 3 o’clock, P, M.

Ss. W. Direction of N. 1 Ss. W. | Direction of
resultant. | resultant.

N.

lol

January 36.3
February 33.9
March 43.4
April 35.1
May 33.2
June 50.0
July 55.6

57.8} 131.6)S. 79°50! W.| . 33.8 ; 63.4) 136.38. 76° 44’ W.
43.1] 126.8]S. §5 31 W.| . 33.1 : 44.8] 129.55. 84 36 W.
33.6] ~ 97.5|N. 83 Wi! .45 38.0 ‘ 31.7} 110.8 N. 86 13 W.|
39.9] 90.4/S. 86 Well 39.6 0.6) 38.1) 102.4N. 89 4 W.
37.3] 98.4/S. 8 W.| .46 3313 ; 41.4) 115.98. 85 24 W.
49.4) 116.4|N. 8 W.| -4 40.5 3 48.0) 1384.58. 86 30 W.
36.1) 118.8|N. Ww.| . 58.1 : 46.6] 133.8 N. 84 31 W.
August 64.8 45.4) 109.6)N. ) aol) a 60.6 -2/ 60.0} 113.2\N. 89 37 W.|
September] 47.3 i 36.0 94.1|N. 8 W.| . 42.8 .6| 46.8] 105.38. 87 W.
October 48.7 3 49.8) 118.6)S. 3 Wel: 47.4 5 40.1 127.2\N. 86 Ww.
November| 40.6 54.1 114.7/8. Wale 39.1 ah 57.0| 125.9|S. 80 Ww.
December] 40.8 5 48.2) 125.3)8. W.| .4 40.9 i 50.4] 127.6/S. 85 W.

The year | 529.8 3] 531.0 eee AS WVol o 507.3 -6] 568.2) 1462.4/S. 87 18 W.
(

If we combine the observations of the motion of the clouds at 9 o’clock A. M. with those at 3 o’clock P. M.,
the direction of the resultant becomes S. 88° 37/ W., and the observations by the vane show about the same f
result, if we take into account only their number. But if we assume that the figures by which the force is
indicated in the register are proportional to the velocity of the wind, and make an allowance accordingly, the
direction becomes N. 85° 17/ W. ‘The average force of each of the several winds, deduced from observations
made during the year 1841 and parts of 1838 and 1840, and expressed in terms of the force numbers used in
the registers, was as follows :—

North 2.12, N. by E. 2.39, N.N.E. 2.20, N.E. by N. 2.09, N.E. 2.23, N.E. by E. 200, E.N.E. 1.80, E. by N.
1.79 ; East 2.00, E. by S. 2.16, E.S.E. 1.71,S.E. by E. 1.86, S.E. 1.67, S.E. by S. 1.37, 8.8.B. 1.59, 8. by E. 1.78;
South 1.85, S. by W. 1.77, S.S.W. 1.79, S.W. by S. 1.68, S.W. 2.03, S.W. by W. 1.98, W.S.W. 2.20, W. by S.
aa West 2.46, W. by N. 2.83, W.N.W. 2.90, N.W. by W. 287, N.W. 2.84, N.W. by N. 2.43, N.N.W. 2.52,

- by W. 2.30.

i

SSH SO RAI HE
Top Tb oo co aT

PNP HH

1 The numbers in this column express the ratio that the resultants bear to the sum of the winds, after being
resolved in the direction of the cardinal points, and are somewhat less than if they had been computed from
the original observations.

300 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 128 and 129.) Northeastern Ohio.— Continued. i

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE F Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Kind of Time of
observations. the year.

or be-

Direction,

or be-

E. or be-
tween 8. & E.

Ww.
tween N. & W.|

Ww.
variable.
to sum of winds

N. E. or be-

tween N.& EB.

5.

Ss.

tween 8S. & W. |
N.

Calm or

Ratio of resultant

Spring 659| 208, 486| 577| 1484] 1239] 1291] ... |N. 89°38/ W.
Summer 496] 153) 321) 437) 1607| 970) 884) ... |S. 78 1
fs 63 41

33

Autumn 3: 544] 211) 625) 652) 1436) 794) 964
Winter 319| 178 554) 631) 1566) 953) 945
The year? | ... adie | Alea (eeenlieees re rh
Spring } 6146 1152 3740 4350)13154)11287 11535
Summer {202 2689 527 1458 2195)10549| 6376) 6423
Autumn |2835/3876.5 12564035 4487|13045| 7497
Winter Sy. 1975 965 3309 4481/14186! 9906
The year? ie vee | ee Me was
Spring 59.54 7.70,7.54] 8.86] 9.11
Summer 8: 444,545.02) 6.56) 6.57
Autumn n -94 6-46 6-55) 9.08) 9.44
| Winter |6.82) 6.195-425.977.10] 9.06/10-39}

Spring 3376) 4093 1821 3828 4025] 8197] 5941) 738: } ' s 6° ay)
| Summer {39 3321 1200 3026 4194) 8315) 4649 5863 2393)§ 3 49 W.)-2) at 1
| Autumn |2243) 2334 995 3043 4064) 6938] 3987 b/S. 65 22 W.|.25 |S. 55 BW. |.038

Winter 1772) 2338 1312 3240 4383) 8602) 5351 5 SOG eS sS4e(S.caG0 Wats

The year? | ... Ices : za B5 Seles iS

Spring 529: j 4088} 5050 3315 ... |S. 5 W.).504 44 Kk.

Summer $52 0 95 3837| 5306) 30 Sry Ng ests =|.00. - 60. Wil

Autumu 785 71\ 6 : 3513] 4446] 3273) ... IN. 8 Bl | N. 40 E.

Winter 591 336 8D: 4069) 473 | 3103) .... |S. 83 3: ‘|.524 |S. 52 W..

The year? | ... st BON | een ws Soo. \lecro ts §

Spring 4205 2389 4743 4802 12285}10991 1069S 1467/8

Summer |4466) 4371 1710 3521 4753 12152) 9955) 8909 2393'S

a

nm

WA

No. of ob-

No. of
RR RN A

face Winds at Smithsonian
s in 1854, 55, 56 & *57.!

in

Su

128.
Stati
M’n vel.

Surface

Motion
of clouds.

Autumn = |3028) 3405 1606 3777 4738 10451) 8433 8461 94
| Winter 2363) 3079 1948 4092 5123 12671/10082 9002, 96:
The year? | ... 309 | oe eco

129. Aggregate number of
observations at all stations.

2 preceding

combined,

! From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn, | Winter.

f Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the sat move with the foregoing
average velocity i :

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . ¢ 3 : c ' :

Excess of the latter over the former . : : 2 : .

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons,

(Nos. 130 to 134.) Canada, south of latitude 45°.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. length of
time.

Kingston, Observatory, '
Niagara, H. Phillips, 1861 to 1862.

Toronto, Observatory, 1855 to 1862 inclusive.
Wilberforce, Sssiassisesiseelen 1831.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 301
(Nos. 130 to 134.) Canada.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, = Monsoon
3. 5 influences a
EE | i Fol ae amen
ze f the | 2 Direction of ge 5
ice i s 6 o : = ass Ca
=e aes ala a bea ae | ie } = Je ic resultant. Ss Direction. : z
bee real asalies eerie ee ie eee eae eel Be ge ee
| oi B|2)/2)/A/ Al a] a) wl al a| a |e) ee a} al ga || 2
Poe. plApr.&May| 9 |... | 21]... | 28 4 43) ... 23 fs PAN ove ase 1 |S. 4°12) B. |.21 | N. 57° B. |.11 | 61
[a3 | | June Bh coo |G |ficno |. BH} oss WW coo |] ZAG) cco |) 283) 6 6] ... TN 00 0 |S. 26 35 W.).45 |S. 44 W.|.184) 30
Heea{| Autumn | 26/... | 15)... | 32)... AV xo || Bi) oe || Bil one DH oo || TY) ben 3 |S. 17 36 W.|.12 |N.15 HE. |.16 | 91
aa8 | Winter PRN coe LE | coo th BI ceo | HB cca ff TIA) con 62]... Be) soo I} PAB) cco 8 |S. 11 44 W.|.34 |N. 24 BE. |.07 |149
Weg (| Phoyears |... |. | oe | nee | nef oak | see cee [oe | oe | ee] ae | oe] vee | eee] ace | ee (S. 16 19 W.|.28
tt (| January | 510) 359) 420) 289) 349) 168) 92) 102) 108) 311) 6851131) 795) 506) 516, 609; 490
| February | 453) 315] 302) 314) 407) 146) 95) 106) 128) 355) 519) 748) 840) 634) 017) 552) 337
eS March 294) 165) 233) 488) 536) 189} 176] 108) 186) 349) 558 539 810) 942) 978 601) 283
| April 524| 375] 383) 644 878) 371) 215] 195) 253) 388) 311) 291) 387 522) 502) 617| 344
ees May 513] 276) 374) 746) 838} 412) 220) 240) 411} 573) 279, 194 272) 421) 521) 784) 402
es June 397| 200) 276) 537) 675) 336) 185) 222) 521) 669) 491) 247) 372) 374 596) 594) 364
i ee! July 434| 295] 229] 420| 553] 377] 282] 426] 635] 707| 368 249 267| 415| 535) 689) 559
He August 475) 372| 298) 307) 496) 290) 276) 282) 513) 597) 391 239) 381) 577) 688, 750) 506
[as September] 530] 355] 313) 389) 455) 243) 253) 270) 417| 641) 410) 286 363) 447, 496, 575) 751
yué October 461} 337] 368) 458) 474) 258) 123) 178| 361) 460) 452) 376) 548) 723) 553 536) 654
ane November| 374] 286] 307) 459) 518) 212) 158} 162) 170) 351) 604) 906) 701) 575) 497) 486] 416
ie December | 545) 443) 384) 354) 324) 200) 102) 93) 69) 240) 660/1041) 869) 528) 536) 616) 436
aes Spring 1331] 816) 990)1878)2252) 972) 611) 543) 850)1310)1148)1024) 1469|1885 2001 1966) 1029|N. 20 51 W.|.14 | N. 64 E. |.09
{| 8 Summer 1306] 867) 803)1264/1724)1003/ 745} 930/1669/1973)1250) 735) 1020/1366 1819 2033) 1429/N. 68 30 W.}.05 |S. 50 E. 11
rs Autumn /1365| 978) 988)1306)1447| 713) 534) 610) 948)1452)1466)1568) 1612)1745)1546 1597) 1821|N. 62 16 W.|.15 |S. 2 W.).02
ter Winter —|15.08/1117/1106) 957/1080} 514) 289] 301) 305| 906)1864)2920 2504 1668,1569 1777| 1263|N. 65 31 W.|.30 | N.75 W.!.15
| The year |5510|/3778|3887 5405|6503/3202/2179)/2384/3772)5641/5728|6247, 6605/6664 6935 7373) 5542.N. 55 56 W.).16
E January 18) ... IQ) oso |} EN G5 I! 2B ono iO |e TA) 00 PIB}| 000 || UBT) com || Oe
a February | 12) ... BF coo BAA cco IP MEH oe Glee. EH] coo |) ZEB) ceo |) 2S oc 607
| zs March 12)... I coo |] HSH con |] RBH cco 115) con TO) c05 |] ZBI con | NGS 35} ESS
6 || April Fal co | WG ooo || GBI) ceo I TBH cco [> Ml) ccs || BB} oe | BGI | HO oe > Baz
2° || May FE) cco || BBY ceo || A cco |] BA oP BOP cco Bl co |] PER oe al be | Be)
8 June BEN os |] PAIN ooo |] EEN cn UI on 10) ... 76)... | 41/3)... | 145) ... | 363
} & || July Bill ccs {| Bill coc |] BEN) cee UP PAV acs | sco HTD cco | ASTM) ons I] USBI] ce |] an
/.2 || August WA oe | BY cca tt BE See I GT oon OH cco |} BO! ceo | ZENG ooo |] PBB one |] DGD)
kone September] 26) ... WY} con 35] ... WH oo0 15) ... 93} ... 395) ... | 156) ... | 305
aes October ABN ose |] ABH coo BN cee NPAT coo | PAIN cc |] ALG] coe |] GLUE} co |) ZA Ge | aI)
ass November} 33) ... | 7) ... | 50) ... | 35] ... Bil coe 94) ... | 319] ... | 214) ... | 478
Reis| December| 38) ... WO} coo |} BEN 00. |} WB) coat |] AD! ce (8) cos || 22515)] co |) AUkSHHll Gon 646
ees: Spring 63) ... 58}... | 133)... 74)... o6| ... | 246) ... 935| ... | 459) ... | 1261|N. 83 5 W.|.387 |S. 50 W.).03
=) Summer TO cco BY] coe || BR ceo 59| ... | 23) .-. | 233]... | 1309) ... | 563) ... 913)N. 74 52 W.|.33 | N. 52 E. |.04
te Autumn 104) ... 62) ... || 128] ... 80) ... 59) ... | 303) ... | 1019) ... | 570) ... | 1195|N. 81 5 W.|.403|S. 87 W.!.06
= Winter (3) cco) SEY coo | BEB cco |] BH cen | BABI coo. |} TI ce 785] ... | 441) ... | 1930)N. 77 43 W.|.30 | N. 89 W.).05
b Dine jean |} go || asec || o96 |I|/ coat tl zone il |Mlcooe I) ioe floc 8 looe al liissa | [Mec ||l ona seo, || coc ce |) cee .. |N. 79 25 W.}.35
ms [| Spring 1394) 816|1048)1878|2385| 972| 685} 543) 906/1310)1394/1024) 2404/1885)2460/1966] 2290\N. 37 16 W.|.15 | N. 66 E. .08
«a2 ||Summer |1385) 867| $58)1264)1856)1003) 804) 930)/1692)1973)/1483) 735) 2329)1366/2382/2033) 2342/N. 75 29 W.|.11 |S. 45 E. |.08
35 | Autumn |1469) 978/1050)1306/1575| 713) 614) 610/1007)14521769|1568) 2631|/1745/2116)1597 3016)N. 67 51 W.'.19 |S. 43 W. -O15
28 || Winter 1576|1117|1144) 957)1164) 514| 345) 301| 341) 906/2009)2920| 3289]1668]2010)1777) 3193/N. 67 16 W.).31 | N.75 W. .12
i ES (| The year |5814/3778|4100|5405|6980)3202|2448 2384|3946|564116655|6247,10653/6664|8968|7373 10841/N. 62 51 W.|.19
ate [ Spring SH gare Cpe Gli cos ey cel aly mal iiteaes al UGA Vinee 44)... 4)... |... |S. 62 15 W.).24 92
-9 Summer 10) ... Bi as 25) ... 13)... BBY) obs 80) ... BSH] coo UG) co0 .. |b. dL 38 W.).25 154
ae | Autumn B}) cee 69) ... 66) ... 319! cas |} BLA) coc 47| ... iSO) ees TG] ce -. |S. 68 35 KE. |.04 182 }
"3B Winter GH age 56] ... TA coc 26) ... 26) ... 42) ... 80) ... 40) ... «. |N. 77 19 W.|.024 181 |
IMME RY CATS) Mitek |) iaesyl) see i|/ bee! <I oeser |i eceri|’ went |l veeee | west ife weaned ges apa |] eco |} cea |) ccc .. |S. 44 31 We 609
|

1 Niagara and Wilberforce.
2 In these observations the velocity of the wind was measured instrumentally, and the results from 1854 to 1859 inclusive, computed
from the number of miles actually travelled, are as follows :—

January. February. March, April. May. June: =| July. August. September.
Direction of resultant, N. 77° W.| N. 67° W.| N. '70° W.| N. 23° W.| N. 20° E. | N. 73° W.| N. 66° W.| N. 58° W.| N. 61° W.
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, .38h .39 RAG eee .26 12 075 21 193
Mean velocity in miles per hour, 8.56 8.87 9.86 8.50 7.37 5.91 5.44 6.24 5.96
Mean velocity in resultant direction, 3.29 3.45 4.89 2.14 1.91 0.69 0.41 1.68 1.16

October. | November | December. Spring. Summer. Autumn. Winter. The year

= aaeeee ) ‘6 —|—

Direction of resultant, N. 62° W.| N. 85° W.| N. 70° W.| N. 41° W.| N. 64° W.| N. 73° W.| N. 67° W.| N. 62° W.
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, 38 34 35 28 154 304 -28 -28
Mean velocity in miles per hour, 6.81 9.15 9.74 8.58 5.86 7.31 9.06 ie i0
Mean velocity in resultant direction, 2.60 piles 3.42 2.41 0.91 2.24 3.19 2.18

* Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE,

(Nos. 135 to 138.) Northwestern Pennsylvania.

Observed as follows :—

Place of obser-
vation.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time,

Date.

Erie,
Franklin,

Meadville,
Moss Grove, |
Northeast,
Oil City,
Randolph,
Rose Cottage,
Saint Mary’s,
Sugar Grove,
Warren,

Youngsville,

Benjamin Grant & others,?
Mr. Conelly and Rey. M. A.
Tolman,

| T. H. Thickstun & others,?

Frances Schreiner,
John T. Milliken,

| James A. Weeks,

Orrin T. Hobbs,

C. C. Gaskell,

Wm. A. Stokes,

W. O. Blodget,

J.E. King and C, 8. Brown,
A. C. Blodget,

mos.

4
7

a
POrIWN Rw ONT

coccoHroone wre
Leal

1840, 1841, 1843, 1849 and 1850.
1839 to 1841 and 1867 to 1869 both inclusive.

1839 te 1841 and 1855 to 1858 both inclusive.
1854, 1855, 1856 and 1860.

1867.

1863 and 1864.

1853, 1854 and 1855.

1839.

1849.

1853 and 1854,

1840 and 1841.

1852.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

| Ratio of resultant

Direction
of resultant.

Time of
the year.

Place and
kind of
observations.

Direction. >

to sum of winds.

tween S. & BE.
tween N,& W.
variable.

S. E. or be-
N. W. or be-

Calm or

The year

|

107| 75] 135
205 at
87| 150
48| 78
101, 274
127) 198

27° 2K.
-60 4 W.

79 12 W.!
75 2 W.|.¢
38 W.|.36
3 32 W.l.
40 W.|.: {
56 W.- é
52 W.!.
5 W.|.5:
40
59

135. Meadville?
136. Frank-
lin (1841).

-

a>
© |
Ro
ao
So ke

645

207
119
114
131

The year ‘ 0;
Spring 63,
Summer 2 3l
Autumn 9} 20! 47
Winter 21, 84
The year? | ... |
Spring

Summer
Autumn 88 171)
Winter 56, 456)
Mhekyear®|\\e-c (eee: |code pe
Spring 5)4.93 5.19.8.17/8.04/8

Summer 4.36 3.975.90/4.47
Autumn 14.40 3.645.77|/5.04)9 84)
Winter 9 2.67 5.43 7.65/8 .34/9 49
Spring 271 435) 519
Summer 134 217| 411)
Autumn 144) 400} 652)
Winter 3, 211) 421} 686
The year? |
Spring

Summer | 16
Autuinn 8 20/ 45) 69 SLi) <--
Winter 38 3) 25} 40) 78 231) ...
Meayear5ill) sell ss aliterees limesse Paes | ates eA A ile eS
Spring | 315) 285 372) 512) 618 1206 608 S.
Summer 150) 262) 461 889 745/S.
Autumn 164) 445) 721 1144)632'S.

1026
Winter 236) 461) 764 1590) 991526'S.
5 |} tsa |! sees oot |S.
}

No. of ob-
servations

2465] ..
1089) ...

61€
1179

7711/1206
283| 349
583/1380
9721651 )¢

327)
48 123

281

No, of
miles.

TA th th ch th th th th te

11.91}
9.15
5.40

| 9.00

874 608/S. 8

614/74

827/632)

760 526

ian Stations, in the years
1854, 1855, 1856 and 1857.4

'
=|
°
n

a
=
|
mn
we)
3
uo]
i=]
Ee
®
S)
&
5
5
n
~
on
4

in miles
per hour.

oo ees eas ee St en een

M’n vel.

=
Surface
wind

275

“99
50

77
45

101

tai tat

DR DAB

Motion
of clouds.

™m

vations at all stations.

Tn wn zt A

138. Aggregate number of obser-

Two
preceding

combined.

L

! Messrs. Park and Reid. 2 J. Limber, Daniel Dick and H. Shippen.
3 Previous to the year 1842. 4 From this table we obtain the following sammary of results :—

The yearS | ... |. |. 05 : see |:-+
| i |

Summer.| Autumn, | Winter. |The year.

| Spring.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . 2 7.31 4.36 5.07
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 5 “ : 0 : : :

i True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
j several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above .- 5 :

Excess of the latter over the former .

|
| 1.53

2.1
+.6

5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 139 to 144.)
Observed as follows :—

Place of observation. By whom observed.

ZONE 10.

Aggregate
length

of tim

LAT.

e.

40°, TO 45° N.

305

Western Pennsylvania and West Virginia, north of lat. 40°.!

Date.

Alleghany Arsenal,
Alleghany City,
Armstrong,

Beaver,

Post Surgeon,
sansa no cco goa se.0ce

Rev. R. T. Taylor,
W. R. Boyers,
Jacob Mechling,
— Campbell and others,

Blairsville,
Butler,
Cannonsburg,

Elder’s Ridge,
Freeport,
Indiana,
Latrobe, —
Manchester,
Murrysville,
Oakland Station,
Pittsburg,
Sewickleyville,

R. White and others,

Corydon Marks,

Thos. H. Stewart,

W. W. Wilson,

— Bakewell and others,

John J. Travelli and G.
Tracy,

Somerset,

Hill,
Tarentum,
Wellsburg,?
Wheeling,
Worthington,

Victor Scriba,
John H. Baird,

B. D. Sanders,
Geo. P. Lockwood,
Samuel Scott,

Wm. and James Allison and

A. D. Wier and John H. Baird,

R. Muller and W. R. Boyers,

H.

George Mowry and others,5

yrs.

26
0
0
2

=

Be BRE OHS We Oo

ou

DNorFNWo

WoamDmDrHOoNwoan

1836 to 1863 inclusive.

1849.

1842.

1840, 1341, 1867, 1868 and 1869.

1861 to 1865 inclusive.

1840, 1841 and 1844.

1840, 1856 to 1859 and 1861 to 1869, all
inclusive.

1852 and 1853.

1852, 1854 and 1860.

1840 and 1841.

1860, 1861 and 1862.

1850.

1857, 1858, 1867, 1868.

1854 to 1858 inclusive.

1840, 1841, 1854 to 1859 and 1862.

1860, 1861 and 1862.

1840, 1844, 1845, 1846, 1856, 1858, 1859 and §
1861. !

1856 and 1863.

1857, 1858 and 1860.

1858 to 1860 inclusive.

First four months of 1860.

1860, 1861 and 1862.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

Time of
the year.

Place of
observations.

tween N.& E.

N. E or be-

January
February
Mareh
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year®
The year
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year®

bo
lor}
St

io)
or

139.
Alleghany
Arsenal.

140. Pittsburg.
141. Butler.

|
142. Somerset. |

tween S. & BE.

| 5. E. or be-

e
bo
=

| 353}

1030
1054
|

86
792
145
220
267
200

| 291

311

281) 3

293

361

| 326

233

2) 252

392,
357
372
865

| 920)

1001
1036
aL
833
250
248
343
361

|

Direction of

resultant, Direction.

N. W. or be-
tween N.&W.
Calm or
variable.
| Ratio of resultant
| to sum of winds.

|
|

ho
po}
ice)

aS
ior)

ARMM AAa A

! All the stations are in Pennsylvania except Wheeling and Wellsburg.

3 Rev.Wm. Smith, C. Davis and Jefferson College Lyceum.

4 David Peeler and W. D. Hildebrand.
§ Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 Cross Creek.

5 Rev. D. J. Eyler and Dr. F. Chorpenning,

304 WINDS OF THE GLOBKH.

(No. 143 and 144.) Western Pennsylvania, &¢.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

|

Direction of
resultant.

Time of
the year.

Place and
kind of
observations.

Direction.

to sum of winds.

W. or be-
tween S.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

variable,
Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-
tween N.& E,

Ss.

114
120
170

69

i)
pay
on

| Spring

Summer
Autumn |
| Winter 159
The year! crise eroll) seedless | ee meee
Spring | 258) 182) 15541652
Summer | 331) 421) Beet 1931
Autumn 334) 546) 2288/2345) 1162
| Winter 137] 328} 1321) 1298) 352) ...
MH Shyeareal ace) ees |e eee coche eed - | oaes

56| 7.91 10. 0611.12
2/3.08/6.02) 6/48 7.02)
Autumn /4.24)5 3.68/5.14) 7.00) 7. 6.84)
Winter 4.563. 23/3.81)6.23 i171) 8 5. 10)

Spring |1999 2135|2687/1385 1566) « 3285) 1537
Summer /|2365/1700/2369/1330) 1740) 3759/5057, 2491 2166
Autumn |2160 2008 2799 ia 1754; 39165398 2873 2025
Winter |1845) 2180)/2720)13 1686) 4887/5674 3542/1537
The year? | ... feeiell es Biases aoa
Spring 120| 103) 292| 171] 167] 637|1308| 664! ...
Summer 154] 117) 348] 110} 137| 634/1332| 541) ...
| Autumn 107) 139 329) 127! 156) 660/1321 474)
Winter 86] 126; 373) 61) 102) 6382/1455) 533) ...
The year? |... |---|. lee: 208 Pre | pele | =
Spring 2119/2238 2979 1556 3, 4421/5933, 3949 1537|
| Summer /2519/1817 2717, 1440 4393'6389 30322166)
Autumn /2267)/2147 3128 1500 0 4576/6719) 3347 ce

|2267
| Winter 1931/2306 3093 1422 5019/7129 4075 153

The year? | ... | ... | os. | ce
1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

oo
heh
pea

1268] ...
842

Th tha cA tn tn ca ta th

| Spring \6.2
Summer /4.

|

Stations in 1854, ’55,’56 & ’57.!

Se fa
miles p.h’r.

Surface M’n vel. in

wind.

a aA

APAZ

clouds.

vatious at all stations.

th th th A

=|
3
iS
n
=
FE
wal
~
>]
n
cS)
S
2
)
=)
&
s
wn
tt
al
a
o
BR
=
°
on
°
®
E
=}
D
a}
3
=19)
2
on
an
<
oa

Ze ppeEnEeeneere
) ) D oO

combined.

2preceding Motion of

_——

| Autumn.

5.95

| Summer.

4.77

| Spring.

6.37

Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 3 el

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . : . . .

Excess of the latter over the former .

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 145 to 160.)
Observed as follows:—

Western New York.

Aggregate
length

of time. Date.

Place of observation. By whom observed.

E. M. Alba,
L. F. Munger,

1854 to 1857 inclusive.
1852.

Angelica,
Albion,

Brown Cottage,

Buffalo,
Buffalo Barracks,
Canandaigua,

Miss Anna 8. Landon,
E. G. & T. Burwell & others,!
Post Surgeon,

| Henry Howe and others,”

1857 and 1858.

1831, 1832, 1854, 1861, 1862 and 1866 to 1869
1841 to 1845 inclusive. [inclusive.
1829 to 1838 inclusive.

1K. O. Salisbury, Dr. S. B. Hunt, W. D. Allen and W. Ives.

2 J. G. Howell and C. G. Metcalf.

(Nos. 145 to 160.)

Place of observation.

SERIES B. ZONE 10.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length
of time.

LAT. 40°

TO 45° N. 305

Western New York.— Continued.

Date.

Clyde,

Cuba,
Dansville,
Eden,
Falconer,
Fort Niagara,

Fredonia,
Friendship,
Gaines,
Geneva,

Great Valley,
Henrietta,

Hermitage,
Jamestown,
Lenox,
Leroy,
Lewiston,
Lima,

Little Genesee,
Lockport,
Lyons,
Middlebury,
Millville,
Palmyra,
Penn Yan,
Pine Hill,
Prattsburg,
Rochester,

Springville,

South Alabama,

Waverley,
Wellsville,
Wilson,
Youngstown,

Matthew Mackie,

W. #H. Talsott,

Rev. John J. Brown,
Stephen & Anna S. Landon,
Laurens A. Langdon,

Post Surgeon,

J. A. Eastman and others,!

Geo. W. Fries,

Martin Mason and others,?

Rev. W. D. Wilson and
Job Elleston,

Kathalo Kelsey,

J. 5S. Whitaker and E. D.
Ransom,

A. A. Hibbard,

Rey. Sanford W. Roe,

L. F. Munger,

High School,

Prof. 5. A. Lattimore,

Daniel Edwards,

James B. Trevor,

Dr. E. W. Sylvester,

Academy,

Academy,

J. F. Coggswell and S. Hyde

Dr. H. P. Sartwell,

G. Zimmerman,

Franklin Academy,

M. M. Matthews,
Academy,

H. M. Sherer,
E. S. Holmes,
See Fort Niagara,

Collegiate Institute and Prof.

B
°
n

aor cw amr oow

yrs.
1

eS

i

_
or

ary

a
MASONmNwnnaoomwonwouk Po

—

?

FPOOMUNmAMNOWONMNOOCHW a)

Ne

hecoy
wormne

1860, 1861 and 1862.

1839, 1840 and 1841.

1860 and 1862.

1858.

1853 and 1854.

1829, 1830, 1831, 1833, 1840, 1842 to 1846 and
1849 to 1854, both inclusive. |

1830 to 1832, 1834 to 1848 and 1863 to 1864 all

1866 and 1867. [inclusive.

1839 to 1842 inelusive.

1856 and 1864 to 1868 inclusive.

1860.
1835, 1836, 1839, 1861 and 1862.

1860 to 1864 inclusive.

1863 to 1866 inclusive.

1854,

1854.

1831 to 1849 inclusive, except 1838.

1861.

1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1849.

1860, 1861 and 1862.

1826 to 1835 and 1839 to 1845 both inclusive,
1840 to 1847 inclusive. [and 1848.
1835, 1864 and 1865.

1843, 1854 to 1857 inclusive and 1559.

1860.

1829, 1830 and 1839 to 1846 inclusive.

1856 to 1869 inclusive.3

1835, 1839, 1842, 1843, 1847, 1849 and 1450.
1852.

1860,

1857 and 1860.

1860 to 1864 inelusive.

Place of
observation,

1145. Fredonia.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT PoInTs oF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Time of
the year,

January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year

62] -
59
67
100
121
90
107
126
86
86
88
82
288
323
260
203
1074!

S. E. or be-

tween 8, & E.
S. W. or be-
tween S. & W.

192
152
162
165
229
208
| 206
171
| 215
172
| 191
236
556
585
598
580
2319

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

N. W. or be-
to sum of winds.

variable
Ratio of resultant

tween N. & W.
Calm or

|

|

ivy)
rs
S

(SS)
o
wo

- 72°17 W.
- 2 20 W.
- 63 39 W.
- 63 29 W.
- 71 29 W.

.44 | N. 82° W.| .01
524] N. 604 W.| .13
|.37 |S. 704 E. | .08
40 |S. 514 E. | .06
43

1 Henry Chaney, C. H. Palmer, F. A. Reddington, D. Stewart, J. Crane and Miss Isabella J. Caryl.

2 J. W. Gilbert, W. Sherman and Arba Chubb.

39

January, 1875.

5 Two separate observations in different parts of the city.

306

Place of
observation.

|

|

|

146.

Fort
Niagara. |
l
147. (
Buffalo 4
|) Barracks. [
f

148.
Lewiston.

149.
Buffalo
Academy.
149(a).
Butialo
Barracks.

150.
Spring-
ville.

151.
Millville.

(Nos. 146 to 151.)

+Time of the

year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
January”
February

| March

April
May

| June

July
August
September

| October

November
December
Spring

Summer

| Autumn

Winter
The year

The year

The year

January

| February

March

| April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Wi

NDS OF

THE GLOBE.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

NN. E. or be-
tween N. & E. |

8| 595/ 222
495| 302
379| 297
204} 290! 223
891)1759)1044
107| 148, 60
85) 51
116 | 66
81: | 55

64
55
64
80
102) 135) 55
70; 39| 56
72) 53) 35
93) 104) 53
82] 105) 35
97); 95) 59
63| 75! 60
77| 96| 68
313) 314) 199
235| 196| 144
242| 275| 154
235! 330; 187]
10261115, 684

a

8. E. or be- :

2| 112) 88

|

tween 8. & FE.
W. or be-
tween 8S. & W.

Ss.

327) 337| 678
246) 487) 732
304) 500| 553
298 447, 680

1175 1771/2543):

61) 107| 634
52| 89) 539
54) 322
83! 90) 438

59| 153) 404
61) 358
53| 179! 329
61] 178) 299
53
40
52
51|
51
60
79

| 360)
999
143, 494 1356
190, 4641169
193, 498 1122)
693 1980 4646
|

| 133)
87
81
86
69
95
91
84
| 90

100
2) 124
| 232)
236
270

| 352
3141172
35) 156
43| 147
28) 153
34| 187
26 141
34 160
35| 154
48) 38) 150
62) 45] 121
56) 52) 143
70| 35) 119
65} 40) 132
| gg] 431
97| 107) 464
188] 132) 383
160} 118 435
557| 4451713

| 314) :

1498
62
46
55
39
60
51
47
38
36|
51|
83
56

154
136

170) 295
164
624)1163

|

|
32

69
30
62
61
54
80
66
77
109
71
76
69
177
223
256
168
824
88
80
95
89
112
102
116
81
102
104

variable.

87) ee
OT ens
296) ...

299

275

RRARAD A

Western New York.— Continued.

Direction
of resultant.

65 38
76 4
68 44
74
55
76
61
64
78

mn

ANHARNRUANNAADHMAANAAM AN

ARAMA thm

20

- 88° 32’ W.!.

444444442

44424424254 4545855425458295255423:

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Number of days.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 307

(Nos. 152 to 154.) Western New York.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE | Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ku| influences.

= a = ; =e | 2

Place of | Time of th ae a ae se eens all

u! ime o e 2 , irection o: eS | ool
aheenvation: year, ec 3° a Ae as resultant. ae Direction. 2
4 | 2a a) Sel a Siti 26 “a | os ok 3 2B f
= a8] gael € jes] 2 Pelee a5 a

Z |\422| A latla |w2/E |2e\6 a| 2
pee January 9} 12; 15) 26) 14) 63) 52) 57 5. 78° 30/ W.| .40 124 f
February 7} 10) 10) 18} 17) 70) 35) 59) ... IN. 67 39 W.| .44 113

March 17) 36) 24) 22) 7 42! 37) 63] ... IN. 53 03 W.| .24 124

April 19} 35) 20) 22) 3) 40) 29) 72] ... IN. 45 00 W.| .28 | 120

May 7) 18} 29) 15) 2) 43) 34) 100) ... |N. 36 51 W.! .57 | 124

June 1) 16) 29) 12) 12; 59) 17) 94] ... IN. 80 38 W.| .42 120
July 9] 27) 7 10) 8) 59) 18) 120) ... IN. 65 47 W.]| .48 | 124 |

“83 August 1) 73] 9) 14) 16) 53) 7 75] ... |N. 60 13 W.|.38 124
. September| 15) 26) 5} 22) 11) 40] 25] 96] ... IN. 58 26 W.| .59 120
Gaines." | | October 21/ 31; 6| 12) 7 71) 31) 69/ ... |N. 73 27 W.| .40 | 124
November} 6) 15) 10) 52/ 9] 29) 29) 90) ... |N. 77 15 W.| .24 | 120 |
December) 19) 15) 7 37] 13) 55| 36) 66] ... |N. 80 24 W.| .31 | 124 §
Spring 43) 89) 73) 59) 12) 125) 100} 235] ... |N. 53 41 W.| .30 368 |

Summer 11} 116) 45) 36) 36) 171) 42) 279) ... IN. 63 39 W.| .32 368

Autumn 42| 72) 21) 86) 27) 140) 85) 255] ... |N. 69 32 W.| .34 | 364

Winter 35| 37) 32] 81] 44] 188] 123] 182] ... |S. 80 38 W.| .38 | 361

The year | 131] 314] 171) 262) 119] 624] 350) 951] ... |N. 78 31 W.| .31 /1461

January 94) 58} 12) 15! 103) 486! 197] 151] ... |S. 59 40 W.| .62 558

February | 58] 66) 13) 16] 39) 476] 195) 155 |S. 73 11 W.| .55 509

March 85| 66) 16) 17] 45) 518) 211) 158) ... |S. 73 23 W.| .59 558

April 108} 124) 13) 21) 40} 452) 203] 119] ... |S. 76 23 W.| .47 540

May 113) 77| 12) 30) 56) 452/ 186/ 160] ... |S. 76 05 W.| .53 558

June 78) 50] 9) 17] 61] 570| 205) 90] ... |S. 61 31 W.| .65 | 540

July 61) 33] 9] 16] 43) 637| 204] 113] ... |S. 63 47 W.| .71 558

153. August 84| 57 3} 19) 70) 569) 182) 132) ... |S. 71 49 W.]| .60 | 558
Middle- September) 74) 45) 11) 13) 43] 561| 179) 154] ... |S. 69 09 W.| .62 540
bury. October 73) 35) 11) 23) 54) 609) 170] 141] ... |S. 64 53 W.| .66 558
November) 78] 50) 21; 28) 34) 561) 194) 114] ... |S. 66 44 W.) .60 540

December} 90) 64) 27) 18) 57) 509] 219) 132] ... |S. 70 55 W.! .57 558

Spring 306! 267} 41) 68) 141|1452) 600} 437) ... |S. 76 07 W.!| .52 1656

Summer 223| 140} 21) 52) 174/1776) 591) 335) ... |S. 84 03 W.| .59 1656

Autumn 225! 130) 43 64) 131/1731) 543) 409) ... |S. 87 09 W.| .58 1638

Winter 242) 188} 52! 49) 199\1471| 611) 438] ... |S. 71 18 W.! .56 1625

The year | 996) 725) 157] 233) 645/6430/2345|1619| ... |S. 69 21 W.| .58 6575

January 15) 12) 12) 13) 47) 44) 26] 17] ... |S. 37 17 W.! .36 93

February 9 9} 10) 21) 36) 52) 33) 10] ... |S. 43 42 W.| .43 85

March 15) 14) 14) 7 29) 53) 43) 11) ... |S. 57 01 W.| .49 93

April 43| 6| 14) 7 38] 16) 35) 21] ... |N. 77 50 W.| .30 90

May 45) 16) 1) 8) 23) 43) 21) 29] ... |N. 72 47 W.| .31 93

June 16 4) 34 4) 16) 40) 38) 28) ... |S. 61 16 W.| .29 90

July 24) 4 6 9) 53) 44) 41 5| ... |S. 74 39 W.| .54 93

August 26) 12 3} 10) 44) 32) 23) 36] ... |S. 75 25 W.| .30 93

Bogs September| 14) 5| 7 10) 45) 42| 20] 37| ... IS. 56 49 W.| .39 90
Henrietta. || October | 13| 11| 4| 10| 56| 53) 17| 22] -.. |S. 38 32 w.| .45 93
November 4 7 7) 6) 55) 58) 25) 18) ... |S. 38 28 W.| .55 | 90

December} 13; 6] 16) 6) 61! 32) 42) 10] ... 'S. 36 37 W.! .44 | 93

Spring 103} 36) 29] 22) 90) 112) 99] 61]... |S. 85 02 w.| .28 276

Summer 66} 20) 43' 23} 113} 116) 102) 69] ... |S. 62 41 W-.| .32 276

| Autumn 31) 23) 18} 26) 156) 153) 62) 77] ... Is. 43 34 W.| .46 | 273

Winter 37) 27] 38] 30] 144) 128] 101) 37/| ... ISL 38 46 W.| .41 | 271

{| The year | 237) 106) 128) 101| 503) 509) 364) 244 |S. 54 07 W.) .35 1096

! Computed from observations made at Gaines Academy from 1839 to 1842 inclusive.

308 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 155 to 158.) Western New York.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

} observation. the year.

Direction.

tween S. & E.
variable.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

tween N.& W.

S. E. or be-
Calm or

iN. W. or be-

January 65 5 241 282
| February 49 83 217) 252
March 93 8 5 68) 199) 280
April 109} 68} 179) 224
May 114) 1 76| 159 240
June 103) 1é 3] 67| 188) 253
July 88) 1: 54) 234| 274
155 August 93 57] 60) 241) 211
R y t 1) | September 89 92) 264) 208
ochester-" | | October 92 36] 110] 282] 254
November} 58 5 97} 220) 300
December} 49 36] 88} 222) 315
Spring 316) ; 212) 537) 744
Summer | 284 j 181) 663) 738
Autumn 239) 283) 1: 299) 766) 762
Winter 163) : 273) 680) 849
The year (10021366 2) 965) 2646 3093 33:
January 35) ieee 96) 133) 129
February 19 111; 82) 86
March 38 124) 73) 99)
April 40 146) 48) 83
May 64 i ; 137) 52) 111
June 33) 12 21| 144) 43) 100
July 27 86| 72) 129
August 19| 26 E 70); 94) 111
September, 20 171) +78) 111
October 45 j 2) 187} 69) 94
November} 21 | 2 | 126) 63] 113
December| 46 } 3} 122) 98) 114
Spring 142) 6 }| 407} 173) 293

Summer 79 y 52| 300) 209) 340

Autumn 86 ‘ f 53| 484) 210) 318

Winter 100) 4: 3] 329) 313) 329

The year | 407 2 227/1520} 905)1280)26
(| January 27) 3 23} 159) 83) 192
February | 22 | 13) 33] 152) 43) 209

83° 47/ W.| .
W.|.
W.)-

:

March 14 194} 68) 202
April 24 ¢ 164) 102) 221
May 23 199} 71) 172
June 29 172) 73) 202
July 8) 1: 177) 85) 252

157. August 34 152| 94) 245
Canan- September) 19 145} 84) 231
daigua. October 12 130) 112) 251
November| 20 3} 137) 104) 239
December| 38) 10 39} 118] 86) 198
Spring 61| 38] 32] 67) 557) 241) 595
Summer V1) 27 30} 501) 252) 699
Autumn 51 8 | 412) 300) 721
Winter 87| 48 a 429) 212) 599
The year | 270) 121 |1899)\1005| 2614

fag, }| The year |4135)1645 3641/3615 7314

AANA MANAAMAANnANAAAANAAAANNAANMAAAA Aa AA

4 4455555555555554 5555559555544 8 454448888884 488885

A

Cuba.

! Prof. C. Dewey appends the following note to the observations at this place: “The country around this station

is a rolling level, with no local obstructions which might influence the direction of the winds. Lake Outario is

| five miles to the north, and there are slight hills to the south which have no influence upon the winds. The

# surface winds are observed to differ from the upper currents. From 1836 till about 1844 the indications of the

| wind vane were recorded, but subsequently the direction as shown by clouds. This difference has been ascribed

i to the fact that the waters of Lake Ontario acquire and retain till late the summer’s heat, and thus give a ten-
j dency of the surface current of air towards them.”

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LA

(Nos. 159 and 160.)

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FR

T.

OM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

40°

Time of
the year.

Kind of
observations.

tween S. & E.

665)
583)
533

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year®
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

232
117
205
148

294)
230
251
195

134
144
129

67

No. of
observat’ns.

2253
1598
1471

4577
3313
3003

829
917
857
1002

1402
374
923

1007

1834
529
672
642

1062
707
814
375

No. of
miles.

4.93
5.12/6
5.23)5.
6.15/6

2891
1904
2488
2898

6.88
5.68

7.93
4.91
6.31
5.60

2774
2706
2453
2174

8.41
4.68
5.46
5-63

4354
3311
2570
2749

6.14
3.20
4.50
6.80

2028
1394
1643
1725

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

8-35

8740
8658
8201
9368

Stations in 1854, 55, 56 & ?57.!

miles p.h’r.

Surface M’n vel. in

winds.

2741
2835
2653
2546

382
342
321
265

274
263
220
260

306
284
257
172

148
193
170
123

Motion

11481
11493
10854
11914

5021
4938
5728
5724

3273)
2246
2809
3163

2302
1657
1863)
1985

4660
3595
2827
2921

2922
2899
2623
2297

11051
10104)
10869

vations at all stations.

eto

2 preceding

|
|
|
|
|

160. Aggregate number of obser- 159. Surface winds at Smithsonian

combined. of clouds.

534)

4458)

5.63}

N. W. or be-

tween N.& W.

Calm or
variabl

367
373
189} ...
234

2876
1941
/1219
1836
7.84
5.20
5.45
7+85

6621
6123
5753)13¢
5903
785
672
724
613

1261
1467
1334
958

7406
6795
6477
6516

TO 45° N. 309

Western New York.—Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

71° 27! W.
Ww.

a
e
aN

0
YS b
ior

DAMA MAT i

4488455558

AAA Ath tt th oa
AA Minti watt

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the pompses move with the foregoing
average velocity .

True velocity i in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average ee
as shown in the table above . . 6 C . .

Excess of the latter over the former 6 3

. | Autumn. | Winter.

5.95

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 161 and 162.)
Observed as follows :—

Northern Pennsy

Place of observation. By whom observed.

Aggregate
length
of time.

lvania.

Date,

=!

ootrFoorR:

Ceres,
Coudersport,

R. P. Stevens,

S, Ross,

— Matthias,

M. R. Atkins and R. Chaewick,
E. T. Bentley,

Henry W. Thorp,

H. C. Moyer,

Lamar,
Smithport,
Tioga,
Wellsboro’,
Williamsport,

Kt

1851 and 1854,

1845.

1843.

1839, 1840 and 1841.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1849.

1868 and 1869.

310

(Nos. 161 and 162.)

Place and
kind of
observations.

Smithport.

if Spring
i Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
| Spring
Summer
Autumn 4
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
| Autumn
Winter
The year!

162. Aggregate number of
observations at all stations.
Motion

combined. of clouds.

2 preceding

Time of the
year,

The year

WINDS OF
Northern Pennsylvania

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

THE GLOBE.

.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

W. or be-

tween N. & E.
S. W. or be-

tween 8S. & W.
tween N. & W.

N.

155
| 323}
305
256
370

359

780
718
614
765

142
319
212
196
308
14
65
117
112

373
296
269
364

152
160
151
191

"33
19
25)

4751153) 464
465 1014] 277
407) 783) 313
561/1129| 420

201!
175
|. 72
| 1387

Direction of

resultant, Direction,

to sum of winds.

variable,
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

Calm or

oo
for)
o

444544425454232358;

(Nos. 163 to 167.)

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

Aggregate
length of

By whom observed.
2 time.

Central Pennsylvania.

Alleghany Tunnel,
Altoona,
Avondell,
Bedford,
Bellefonte,
Carlisle,

Carlisle Barracks,
Ebensburg,
Fleming,
Grampian Hills,
Green Hill,
Hollidaysburg,
Huntingdon,
Johnstown,
Lewistown,
Linden,
Mifflintown,
Mount Joy,
Shirleysburg,
Warrior’s Mark,

lake
W. R. Boyers and T. H. Savery, 0
Wm. E. Baker, 1
San’! Brown & Rey. H. Heckerman,| 8
J. I. Burrell, 1
W. H. Allen, 0
Post Surgeon, 9
Richard Lewis, iL
Samuel Brugger, 8
Elisha Fenton, 5
Mr. Wright, 0
J. R. Lowrie, 0
Mr. Miller, 1
David Peelor, il
J. Culbertson, 0
James Barret, 0
J. A. Kinkead, 1
Dr. Jacob R. & Mary E. Hoffer, 2

0

e _
AOA AMHOOHAAIN

J. R. Lowrie,

1852 and 1853.
1860 and 1863.
18657, 1868 and 1869. [1861.
1840, 1841, 1854 to 1858 inclusive, 1860 and

1839 and 1841.

1840 to 1863 inclusive, except 1847.
1840 and 1841.

1857 to 1865 inclusive, and 1867.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.

1843.

1853.

1840.

1868 and 1869.

1839.

1858 and 1859.

1840 and 1841.

1857, 1858 and 1859.

1853.

1854.

Place of
observations,

163.
Ebensburg.
164, \
Bedford.
165.

Carlisle
Barracks.

Time of
the year.

The year

The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

lis E. or be-
tween 8S. & E.

i S. W. or be-
tween S,& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

=
Cy
(e)
i
=I
a

22
291

485

774
501
778
1079
3132

282

333
635

210
188

875
219) 696
259) 192) 773)
254 354! 870
911/1056 3214

644) 415
616) 692
542) 507
490) 265
2292/1879

1913
2165
467 2094
8306/1812
1741/7984

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

variable.
Ratio of resultant
tosum of winds.

Calm or
| Number of days.

Soon a Wreu i

=
7)
is
a

57 W.!

59 W.
35 W.
42 W.|.30
39 W. |.26

|.21}
28

39 W. |.263

1 Computed from observations recorded for 16 points of the compass.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 3811

(No. 166 and 167.) Central Pennsylvania.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE . Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF 1HE COMPASS. influences.

& E.

Direction of
resultant,

Kind of Time of the

observations. year. Direction.

to sum of winds

variable.
Ratio of resultant

S. E. or be-

tween 8.

S. W. or be-

tween S. & W.

N. W. or be-

tween N. & W.
| Calm or

Spring 6) 8s 202) 55) 353
Summer | 234) 31) 413
Autumn 159) 21) 348 eet
Winter 62 164) 33) 336 UE 090
Maye) Sere || eso |} 00, |] oc |) 00. |} oa || 0 Ac Son
Spring 129) 577) 369) 736) 284/1106 | 4548
Summer 5, 162 664) 82) 984 5X05)
Autumn | 217| 168) 417) '70| 974 2032
Winter 2) 235 382} 91) 770 3} 4666
HUNG SEER || O60 |) on0 |) G00] 009 000 ons C08

Spring 4,96)6.48)4.67|3.64/5.16|3.13) 7.06 | 6.02
Summer (|2.362.84/2.44/2.84/2.65)2.38) 3. 2.88
Autumn [8,08/6.38|5.79|2-62/3.33]2.80| 3.82 | 4.48
Winter = |7-28)3.79/3.06/2.33 -76|2.29| 4.69 | 6.37

Spring ~ 372) '702/1599|1547) 696)1635 3109/1347
Summer | 273) 454/1209|1415) 979/2141| 3662) 2145/1873)
Autumn 390| 451/1261/1250) 7571733 2571|1689
Winter 365) 682)1594 1121) 4551651 3314/1251
The year |1400/2289 5663/5333) 2887 /7160|14 11139|6160
Spring 96} 136) 208) 459] 129) 723 1266) ...
Summer 85| 167) 129] 354) 92) 863 1036
Autumn 88) 87) 138] 285) 103) 731 2) 1072
Winter 52) 52! 199) 255} 90) 656 1229
NG S79 EE ono | c00 NI cee || too |} bs | one n00 one
Spring 468) 838)1807)2006| 825|2358 4375
Summer | 358| 621 1338 1769|1071)3004 3181
Autumn | 478 538) 1399/1535| 860)2464) 44 3643)
Winter 417) 734/1793|1376| 545|2307 4543/12
WUE) S/ELE || 0) |] c05 |] coo || aco |) cco |] coo 000 Se

UO? QAWallo

83 6 W.}.¢
87 39 W.
ee 3
84 8
62 49
88 34
71 56
55 26
65 20

=.
(Jy)
2 OD
> bo

oT
Sars
BN

No. of
observat’ns.

— eS eS EES EE TS _E=EEEe |

AAA Ae ate on ih

miles.

¢

Stations in 1854,’ 55, ’56 & 757.1

=~ —

Surface M’n vel. in No. of

miles p.h’r.

winds.

servations at all stations.

ADP Ohhh OC

A
S
ar
|
fo}
n
Z|
=
=
|
n
»~
e
nm
oS
|
43
E
®D
°
&
om
3
n
Ne)
oOo
ri
S
al
oS
~
o
2
|
5
a
Oo
&
eS
oo
2
Ba
a
a)
<
~
ie}
Len!

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. . | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 5.22 2.81 c 4.64
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the ease move with the foregoing
average velocity . o 94
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average ener
as shown in the table above . ° . . 0 K 99
Excess of the latter over the former . z 5 0 0 2 || are +.05

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 168 to 187.) Central New York.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. Jone of Date.

yrs. mos.
Auburn, Academy, 28 1827 to 1830, 1832 to 1849 and 1860 to 1865,
all inclusive.

1854 to 1867.

0
Baldwinsville, John Bowman, 13 2

Bridgewater, Academy, 4 0 1843, 1844, 1845 and 1847.
3

1830 to 1835, 1837 to 1846, 1848, 1849, 1856 to
1859, 1861 to 1863, 1865 and 1867 to 1869,
all inclusive.

Cazenovia, Oneida Conference Seminary, | 27

312

(Nos. 168 to 187.)

Place of observation.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

Central New York.— Continued.

Clockville,
Clinton,
Constableville,
Constantia,
Cooperstown,
Covert,
Ellisburg,

Hamilton,

Hamilton College,
Hartwick,

Havana,
Hector,
Homer,
Houseville,
llion,
Ithaca,

Ledyard,

Leonardsville,
Lisle,

Lodi,
Ludlowville,
Marathon,
McGrawville,
Mexico,

Milo,

Newark Valley,
Nichols,
Oneida,
Onondago,

Oswego,

Ovid,
Oxford,
Palermo,
Perry City,
Plainville,
Pompey,

Pompey Hill,
Seneca Falls,
Sennett,
Skaneateles,
South Edmeston,
South Trenton,
Syracuse,
Townsendville,
Union Spring,
Utica,
Wampsville,
Waterburgh,
Waterville,
Whitesboro’,

J. P. Chapman,

Prof. O. Root and H. M. Paine,

L. L. Fairchild,

Sereno Clark,

G. Pomeroy Keese,
John Lefferts,

Union Literary Society,

Academy,

Prof. Eaton,
Seminary,

Col. E. C. Frost,
David Trowbridge,
Cortland Academy,
Walter D. Yale,

J. D. Ingersoll,
Academy,

Cayuga Academy,
Mr. Hope,

John Lefferts,

C. P. Murphy,

Lewis Swift,

J. Metcalf Smith,

Academy & John R. French,

Gilbert D. Baker,
Rey. Samnel Johnson,
Robert Howell,

Dr. 5. Spooner,
Academy,

C. Strong and others,!

J. W. Chickering,
Academy,

E. B. Bartlett,

David Trowbridge,

J. H. Norton,

Academy and §. M. Ingalls,

John F. Kendall,

John P. Fairchild & others,?
Henry B. Fellows,

W. M. Beauchamp,

L. A. Beardsley,

Capt. Storrs Barrows, ,
Lyman W. Conkey,

John Lefferts,

Academy & Joseph Graham,
Dr. Stillman Spooner,
David Trowbridge,

James M. Tower,

Oneida Institute,

B

or So COrWe BRomoo

wDooCCORSCF
a

Coroannbr

Hoocoonoo
BE POOHHE ©

an
He

ooooo

i
i

i

i

eb

sSTRRE OW OR KE HH DOno 90 CC-I1t9

i
SCONCOCRFRrFOUBRNE FR & wowrore a

1850.

1856, 1857 and 1862 to 1865 inclusive.

1851.

1861.

1869.

1858.

1830, 1831, 1833 to 1836 and 1842 to 1844, all
inclusive.

1828 to 1831, 1833 to 1836, 1839 and 1842 to
1844, all inclusive.

1843.

1826 to 1832, 1835, 1837, 1839 and 1845 to 1850,
all inclusive.

1860.

1865, 1866 and 1867.

1832, 1835 to 1850 inclusive, and 1856.

1856 and 1857.

1860.

1828, 1830, 1833, 1835 to 1840 and 1842 to 1848,
all inclusive.

1830, 1831, 1832, 1834, 1838, 1840 to 1846 in-
clusive, and 1850.

1843?

1849.

1854, 1855 and 1856.

1869.

1863.

1856 and 1857.

1837, 1838, 1840 to 1846 inclusive, 1848, 1849
and 1856.

1869.

1868 and 1869.

1857 to 1869 inclusive.

1869.

1826 to 1829, 1832, 1833 and-1835 to 1844, all
inclusive.

1843 to 1846, 1850, 1851, 1853 to 1857, 1859 and
1861 to 1869, all inclusive.

1855, 1856 and 1857.

1829 to 1845 inclusive.

1860 to 1869 inclusive.

1864 and 1869.

1856 and 1857.

1826 to 1833, and 1835 to 1843, both inclusive,
and 1856.

1856.

1849(?), 1850(?), 1861 and 1862.

1857.

1861 to 1867 inclusive.

1850 and 1851.

1864 and 1865.

1843.

1856 and 1857.

1861.

1826 to 1845 inclusive, 1848, 1856 and 1857.

1854 to 1869 inclusive.

1868 and 1869.

1849 and 1850.

1834 to 1840 inclusive.

1 J. H. Hart and Capt. W. 5. Malcolm.

2 Charles A. Avery and Philo Cowing.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 313

(Nos. 168 to 173.) Central New York.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon H
DIFFERENT Points or THE COMPASS. = influences. t
Place of |Time of the 22 o £2 £2) | Directionof | 23 | = §
observation. year. ni fai Ee ae | Bers resultant. /«w¢ | Direction. ea A
yall a= (8a) 2 | oe 25) ||| eee ae a
BAS] @ les] 5 les] 2 les) Ee Bo E |
me] £ -= ° . iS -> | ar ae et |:
A |4f| Awe] wm me] & AES fa a I
ie oe January | 103] 27) 13] 57] 224) 86] 124] 172 S. 66° 29’ W.|.32 434 }
February | 113) 29) 14) 40) 198) 61) 123] 156) ... |S. 83 13 W.|.27 395 ff
March 127) 16] 10] 49] 247) 55) 126] 176] ... |S. 76 2 W.|.31 Aaa
April 164| 28| 16] 36] 235/ 66] 86] 149| ... |S. 82 43 w.l.19 420 |
May 219} 11) 5] 20] 204) 95) 93] 159] ... IN.82 40 W.|.31 434 |
| June 219} 21) 12) 43) 254) 71) 60) 100) ... |S. 76 37 W.|.17 420 |
July 237) 11) 13] 25] 238] 76! 84] 179] ... IN. 84 28 W.|.23 434 }
168 & 169. | | August 154) 13) 32) 51] 294) 71) 67| 124) ... Is. 44 54 W.|.23 434
Ledyard, 1| September| 132) 12) 23] 37) 273) 79/ 96] 128) ... |S. 52 4 w'.26 420 |
y October | 126) 9] 7] 52] 270) 90) 104] 145i ... |S. 59 7 w/l.33 434
November| 108/ 8] 14] 37] 280) Si] 94) 158] ... |S. 57 39 W.l.33 420
December | 124; 22) 4] 46] 241) 62) 151) 155] ... IS. 74 49 w.|.33 434
| Spring 510} 55) 31} 105] 686] 216) 305] 484| ... |S. 71 19 w.|.29 1288 |
Summer | 610) 45] 57) 122] 786) 218) 211) 343) ... IS. 71 25 w.|.19 1288
Autumn | 366) 29) 44] 126) 823) 250] 294) 434) ... Is. 57 39 wl.31 1274
Winter | 340] 78] 31] 143] 663) 209] 398] 483 S. 68 37 W.|.34 1263
The year |1826] 207} 163) 496/2958| 893/1208|1744| ... |S. 73. 5 Ww.|.27 5113
| January 78] 22) 17) 78) 238) 89] 100] 370) ... |S. 89 40 w.].35 527
|February | 115{ 23| 14] 80) 172) 62] 86| 354| ... |N. 87 53 w.|.31 481
March 126} 21) 22) 118/ 191) 85] 64} 365] ... IN. 76 7 W.|.28 527
April 94} 48) 22) 99] 161) 98] 65) 373] ... |N. 71 25 w.|.29 510 |
May 129} 46] 18) 178] 181| 157] 123] 260] ... |S, 89 58 w.|.32 527
June 93) 44) 23) 83] 195) 148) 128) 246] ... |s. 58 43 w.|.28 510
July 111} 42) 23) 44) 189) 217) 124) 249) .,. Js. 80 21 w.|.38 527 |
170: August | 100) 41) 26} 78] 185) 154] 124) 284) ... |S. 87 45 Ww.|.34 527
Th September| 81) 30) 25/ 73/ 191) 126) 112, 329] |. |s. s9 30 w.|.34 510
Boos October 81} 17) 6] 80] 191) 129) 136] 352| .. IN. 85 26 w.|.42 527
November| 47; 19] 9] 75] 185) 136] 148] 341] ... Is. 89 12 w.|.40 510
December | 61] 10) 16] 81) 159) 116] 168) 381) ... |N. 87 58 W.|.44 527
Spring 349| 115) 62| 295) 533) 340) 252 998) .. |N. 79 41 W.|.29 1564
Summer | 304] 127] 72] 205) 569] 519 376] 772] ... |S. 81 49 w.l.34 1564
Autumn | 209] 66) 40) 228) 567 391) 396/1015/ ... |S. 88 18 w.]|.40 a. |1547
Winter | 254| 55) 47) 239] 569) 267] 354/1105| ... IN.82 9 w.l.38 | |... | ... |1535
| The year [1116] 363) 221) 967/2238/1517|1378/3890| ... IN. 88 13 W.|.35 .. 16210
January | 198} 46) 14) 129) 300, 175] 137| 365] ... IN. 71 6 W.|.28 682
February | 146; 36] 14) 100) 266) 189) 142) 351) ... |S. 82 88 w,l.34] ....... | ... | 622
March 117} 54) 18) 95) 358] 192] 173) 417] 2. |s. 75 9 w.l.32 | |... xo || 22
April 137] 40) 30) 105 261) 167| 88) 492] ... |N. 81 49 W.].82 | 00.2... ... | 660
May 157) 58) 20) 101/ 314) 254) 8s) 372] ... |S. 75 9 w.|.30 | ........ xo || G82
June 95} 31) 21) 101) 398] 328) 78) 268] .. |S. 44 16 w.l.42 | ... ... | 660 |
July 103] 32) 13} 103) 399] 315) 111/ 288] ... |S. 43 25 w.li47 | 92.) | coo || 52
7 August {| 151| 36] 11/ 116] 383) 304) 75) 288) ... |S. 54 20 w.|.35 | ........ I exe |] OS?
ae September] 101{ 41) 12] 99) 301) 326) 88] 354) ... IS. 63 20 W.|.37 | ......... | ... | 660
ws | {October | 128| 32) 14] 115) 325] 283) 86] 381] ... |S. 71 57 w.|.34 | ........ + | 682 |
November] 136] 59} 23] 73) 212) 305) 120] 392] ... |S. 81 17 w.|.42 | ......... ... | 660
December | 216] 68) 13] 58) 172) 281] 119, 437) ... |N. 81 17 W.|.41 | 0... |... | 682 §
Spring 411) 152) 68) 301} 933] 613] 289/1281| ... |S, 82 42 W.|.31 | ......... | ... |2024
Summer | 349] 99] 45) 320/1180| 947] 264) 844) ... |S. 48 51 W.l.39 | .,....... |... [2024
Autumn | 365] 132} 49) 287) 838] 914] 294/1127) ... |S. 72 46 W.|.36 | ......... ... |2002
Winter | 560) 150] 41) 287) 738) 645] 398/1153) ... IN. 86 20 w.|.34 | ......... ... [1986
| The year |1685| 533] 203/1195/3689|3119|1245/4405| ... |S. 73 54 W.1.33 | ......... ... |8036
172, {| Spring . | 69) 573] 76 600) 187) 744] 297| 750) ... |S. 73 29 W.|.14
Olas Summer | 56] 414] 79) 456) 206] 955) 311| 593) .,. |S. 58 31 W.|.27
aoe Autumn | 169) 413] 96 692) 294) 663] 230) 537... |S. 26 4 W.|.14}
Osea) Winter | 190) 590| 119 696) 482] 705; 215] 580) ... |S. 11 49 W.|.13-
TREY aye 55M oa, || po. |] cco. | pa]! coo dt ceo ll) Goo ti com Hsin edo TU) AW Mellgl(B
ee \) the year | 8) 18) 55) 104) 72] 7s] 249/ 146) ... |8, 73 55 W.|.40 ww | 365

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

40 February, 1875,

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 174 to 177.)

Central New Vork.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Time of
the year.

Place of
observation.

or be-

Direction.

tosum of winds.

variable.

E, or be-
tween S. & E.

E. or be-
Ratio of resultant

tween N.& E, |

tween N.& W,

Calm or

N.

Sh
| Number of days.

N. W.

| January 0} «6 ‘ 83 138)
| February de 2 ee 3} 92. 3] 133}
| March 2 76 2) 191
| April 2} 29| 121) 65 219
May y | 10 75 8) 234
June oe 87| 67) 245
July ‘ 87| 80) 260
August 2| 26] 126 | 221)
September 26) : 3] 108] 83] 222]
October 32 9} 80 3) 243)
November | 94) 72 225}
December Oh 4 8} 62 3| 225
Spring 43] 216 | 644
Summer 4: 300} 238) 726
Autumn q 3} 260} 230) 691
Winter y 237 496) 320
The year 1013) 754 2557)
January 217| 288) 67)
February 167| 263) 44
March 195) 278) 57}
April 146] 284) 62
May 167} 310)
June 143] 327"
July 156} 378
August 194) 374
September 216) 344
October 202) 358
November 156) 327
December 170! 308}
Spring 508, 872 een
Summer 493/1079) 1651388) ...
Autumn 574/1029) 167|1247
Winter 554| 859) 1841298
The year 2129|3839| 6765384
January | 117] 56]
Iebruary | 115) 57
March 50) 0) 134) 84)
April 85| 114
May 108] 114

76°10" W.| 20 in | | Bad

36 41 W.|- eee v|beceal| sili
15. Wal 226 || Sateen) es Neal
13 W.| 330
18 341
330
341
341
330
341
330
341
1012
1012
1001
993
4018
558
509
558
540
558
540
558
558
540
558
540
. | 558
1656
1656
[1638
1625
6575
279
.. | 254
. | 279
| amo
| 279

174.
Mexico.

on
re
iv)

175.
Homer.

—

1601451

an
NMWAN WHERE ARRAS

PWOSNH RHE ONNANaA®
POUR MOOR WH HW TH

et
ID
[lil eel
<0 O>

ars
a1 00
o
re

~I
ww

enn
H> os

TAARAARALMADAAAAANNMAM ANAM MA nnn nh

E)

176.
Bellville
(Ellis-
burg).

L
177.
Onondaga.

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May

June

July
August

September

October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

ap

ip wo
Cou

100
91
Ti

140
146
117

| 105

| 135
116

| 103
155) 327
114) 262
140) 356
154) 335
| 563/1280
68) 274
65) 210
78| 255
84) 208

62) 262

119
79
58
58

66) 231

| 206
| 297
283
| 271
| 270

FOF

856

| 302
725}
| 734

84) 754
4.3069)

DAR RAR Th nih awn Ta TATA en tate A ch oh rn

lend

270
279
279
270
279
270
279
828
828 J
819
812
3287
496
453
496
480
496
480

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 315
(Nos. 178 to 181.) Central New York.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, ga influences,
oe es Ee a
al | 2 iE a3 E
Place of Time of 22 33 £2 52] | Directionof |2S|_ %
observation. the year. ae | ae ari 5B oa resultant. |.¢ Direction. S
> |° i) 5 |) 2 zs 3.8 os : 2
me [nas] |ea BS ee ss lee iB oan 2 =
5 |Pa| @ |As| 2 Fe) & |Fs les ze 5 | 2
Blasi 2 lms | wo was) Flas io fa | &
gl deammeng 5} 10 6] 131) 174) 201} 217} 310 S. 69° 30/ W.| .50 52
February 9 5 8} 103) 128) 217] 243) 247] ... |S. 79 50 W.| .55 480
March 16 7 %@| 127) 176) 230) 227) 264) ... |S. 65 3 W.| .51 527
April 20) 23 9) 126) 195) 155) 228) 264) ... |S. 84 19 W.] .26 510
May 21; 16 8} 124] 135} 244) 252) 254) ... |S..69 46 W.| .50 527
June 11) 15) 12) 120{ 173 286) 234, 171] ... |S. 55 4 W.| .54 510
July 8 3 2| 42) 135] 399) 279) 184) ... |S. 64 58 W.| .71 527
178. August 18} 21 3] 71) 166 327 204) 244) ... |S. 65 55 W.| .58 527
P September] 12) 12) 4) 76) 180) 284) 210) 242) ... |S. 66 5 W.| .59 510
ompey- | | October 16] 12! 5) 114] 156) 311] 198] 242] ... |S. 62 10 w.| .43 e527
November 6 4 7) 112! 163) 246) 190) 292) ... IS. 67 25 W.| .51 aco || Htl(0)
December 9| 25) 14) 124) 159) 240) 171) 312) ... |S. 69 13 W.| .47 527
Spring 57| 46) 24) 377) 506) 629) 707} 782) ... |S. 67 25 W.! .48 1564
Summer 37| 39) 17) 233) 474/1012) 717) 599) ... |S. 62 19 W.| .59 -- [1564
Autumn 34; 28) 16) 302} 499) 844) 598) 776 8. 54 39 W.| .54 1547
Winter 23) 40] 28) 358) 461) 658) 631) 869 S. 69 52 W.| .48 1534
The year | 151) 153] 85/1270/1940/3140)/2653) 3026 S. 65 49 W.) .52 --. 16209
January 24) 6} 14) 49] 267) 218] 225) 313 S. 68 59 W.| .54 0 558
February 18) 19; 13) 73) 180) 189) 203) 321 8S. 77 37 W.| .46 508
March 27) 26] 25) 68) 212) 182) 196} 380 S. 83 49 W.] .47 558
April 43) 33} 30) 88] 151) 165) 174! 396 N. 89 10 W.) .39 540
May 37) 15) 20) 80) 177) 148] 185) 454 N. 86 49 W.| .48 558
June 24) 20) 15) 48) 176) 189) 215) 398 S. 87 57 W.| .53 540
July 13) 13] 10) 48] 112) 232) 284) 404 S. 89 12 W.| .63 558
17% August 52) 16) 28) 48) 187) 216) 188) 381 S. 84 24 w.| .53 558
September] 42) 11! 16) 58] 202) 228) 184) 339 S. 77 47 W.| .50 540
cazendvia, October 33] 18] 16] 56) 256] 231] 184) 322 S. 69 59 w.| .49 558
November] 36| 16) 20) 86] 190) 232) 174) 326 S. 70 23 W.| .50 540
December | 34] 28] 25) 86] 185) 221) 236) 301 8S. 74 49 w.| .52 558
Spring 107| 74] 75) 236) 540) 495) 555)1230 S. 88 55 W.| .45 1656
Summer 89} 49) 53) 139) 475) 637) 687)1183 S. 87 56 W.| .54 1656
Autumn 111} 45) 52) 200) 648) 691) 542) 987 8S. 73 47 W.| .47 1638
Winter 76) 53) 52) 208) 632) 628] 664) 935 S. 73 41 W.| .49 1624
The year | 383] 221) 232) 783)/2295)/2451|2448/4335 S. 79 36 W.| .48 6574
January 89) 25 3} 35) 219) 213) 67) 404 S. $9 32 W.| .45 958
February 56) 23) 10) 34) 201) 176) 57) 403 S. 88 13 W.| .41 509
March 54) 23) 12) 46) 210) 191) 65) 453 N. 88 24 W.| .45 558
April 60| 45 9} 54) 178) 196] 88) 390 N. 88 18 W.| .41 540
May 58| 42 9} 51) 166) 249) 96) 383) ... |N. 89 55 W.| .48 558
June 51) 46 7 45) 157) 249) 112) 353) ... |S. 77 8 W.| .45 540
July 50) 38 8} 39} 169} 308) 130) 312) ... |S. 77 8 W.| .51 558
180. August 104) 42) 15] 28] 196] 248) 85) 336] ... |S. 87 27 W.| .42 558
alton September) 48) 32) 5] 28] 178) 225] 126) 378) ... |S. 87 41 W.| .46 «+ | 540
* October 31} 19] 13] 41) 170) 272) 148) 360) ... |S. 77 19 W.| .51 00 558
November} 61} 15} 10) 57) 173) 197) 141) 366] ... |S. 87 26 W.| .43 --- | 540
December| 64) 17] 24) 32) 207) 211) 121) 381 in. 86 4 W.| .44 men |) sys)
Spring 172} 110} 30) 151) 554) 636) 249)19226 N. 89 44 W.| .43 04 |1656
Summer 205| 126] 30} 112) 522) 805| 327/1001 5. 83 10 W.| .45 03 |1656
Autumn 140); 66) 28) 126) 521) 694) 415)1104 5. 84 59 W.| .50 .04 |1638
Winter 209} 65} 34] 101) 627) 600) 245)1188 S. 88 50 W.| .45 02 |1625
The year | 726) 367| 122) 490)2224/2735|1236/4519 8. 86 43 W.| .46 we 16575
January 89} §1 3) 11) 140) 244) 249) 237 S. 89 17 W.} .51 527
February 70) 63 6 8} 118} 201) 278) 216 N. 88 29 W.} -50 480
March 99) 82) 13) 28) 137) 222) 250) 223 N. 88 22 W.| .46 527
April 111) 116} 19} 29) 143] 194) 204) 204 N. 81 2 W.| .38 510
May 136] 102) 17] 16] 151) 206) 212) 214 N. 83 10 W.| .40 527
June 100} 82) 26] 21) 117) 238} 230) 206] ... |N. 85 38 W.| .44 510
July 110) 68 6] 16) 113] 256] 256) 229 N. 88 27 W.| .52 527
181. August 165) 70) 14) 24) 143) 229) 225) 184 N. 86 58 W.| .43 527
Oxford. September] 144| 69 7 7| 160) 215} 253) 165 s. 89 4 W.| .45 510
October 130} 59) 13) 19) 178) 262) 232) 161 S. 78 42 W.| .48 527
November} 99) 72 8 8] 141} 218) 252) 222) N. 88 58 W.| .45 510
December | 134) 88 6} 14) 87| 265) 258) 202 N. 83 55 W.| .50 627
Spring 346} 300| 49] 73) 431) 622) 666) 641 N. 85 56 W.| .40 1564
Summer 375| 220) 46] 61) 373) 723) 711) 519 N. 88 21 W.| .49 1564
Autumn | 373) 200) 28) 34) 479! 695) 737) 548 5S. 86 17 W.) .46 1547
Winter 293) 232) 15) 33) 345| 710) 785) 655 N. 88 11 W.| .55 1534
The year |1387) 952) 138) 201/1628 2750)2899)/ 2463 N. 88 43 W.| .46 6209

316 WINDS OF THE GHiOwe rE:

(Nos. 182 to 185.) Central New York.— Continued.
pm Rr a Ec TS gD.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DirrERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. <a influences.

£3 g

| «3 Bl |. Fig 3

Place of | Time of the | sa 2u| |Sa] «| Directionor | 35 %

observations, | year. ees aa | be | ne resultant. |—¢ | Direetion. i

\ lope Oma! = of sis) = 2

= lie = ANa lee Foe eit) || Vere on od =

@ |S] 5 /BS| § [esl ee =3 Bayle

| A lat} a |af| Flez|S 3 ee

( January 6 7| 76) 33) 69) 53 IS. G2ENLOM VAs DONS Seeeerteee o=) oe

February 3} 8 84) 29) 48) 38 3357 DONO) Wb 4.6) ieyemneneeee =. | ek

March LO} eS 83 17, 62) Ba)... 1S. G1 1 We'-43 | 124

April 23| 13] 40] 20] 93] 36] ... |S. 76 38 W.] .42 120

May 28] 15] 58] 23] 95] 16 IS. 56 11 W.| .46 124

| June 4) 12) 58! 48| 80] 25 S. 60 31 W.| .53 Pa v20

| July 6} 6] 50] 47) 117) 21 S. 68 22 W.| .73 124

182. August O| 4] 57] 50] 96] 35 S. 82 39 W.| .64 124

Bridge September 3} 9) 82) 49} 74) 21 (IS. 47 5 W.| .65 E 120

Water. October 7| Il} 77| 44) 56] 41 S. 52 51 W.} .52 124

November 8 5| 12) 70} 40) 65| 38 iS. 56 12 W.| .53 120

December| 5) 9] 21] 11) 40] 43] 7] 43] ... |S. 70 17 W.| .45 124

Spring 32/ 12) 61) 37] 181] 60) 250| 103] .,. |S. 63 11 W.| .45 .. | 368

Summer 18 7} 10; 22) 165) 140} 293) 82 |S. 64 34 W.| .63 268

Autumn 18}. 6} 15] 32) 229) 133] 795] 100] ... |S. 51 30 W.| .56 .. | 364

Winter 20; 12) 30] 26) 200] 105} 193) 134] ... |S. 60 58 W.} .49 -. | 360

|The year | 88] 37| 116] 117] 775] 438] 931] 418 IS. 59 59 W.| .52 ... {1460

| January 13} 8) 98) 26) 40) 28) 183) 38 8. 73 56 W.| .26 5 217

February | 13] 15] 75] 29} 36] 43] 152] 33 S. 68 15 W.| .25 papel is

March 20{ 6| 104) 25) 46] 31] 174] 28 iS. 73 0 W.| .22 wee | 20a

| April 16] 6} 105] 27) 27| 39] 156] 44 S. 68 21 W.} .12 tou) EO

May 19] 10] 118] 27| 30] 42] 156} 32 S. 64 51 W.| .17 ae | QUT

June 6} 8] 84} 21] GO] 39] 178] 24 S. 57 48 W.] .33 .. | 210

July 16] 5] 54! 20) 54) 63] 181] 41 S. 70 14 W.| .46 we. | 2G

183. August 30} 5) 86] 18] 34} 29] 169] 63] ... JN. 85 34 W.| .33 ra) a2

Whites- September| 9] 5] 105] 30] 41] 30] 158] 42] ... |S. 63 38 W.] .21 =2.| 210

boro’. October 41} 16] 88] 25] 33] 45] 148} 38] ... |S. 87 54 W.| .22 w. | 217

| November] 17] 6] 87] 20) 34}! 46] 149] 61] ... |S. 83 24 W.| .26 .. | 210

| December | 34] 16] 96] 28 25) 29] 133} 73] ... |N. 68 2 W., .20 ae |

| Spring 55) 22) 327) 79) 103) 112) 486) 104) ... |S. 68 38 W.) .20 ey |) Es

Summer 52) 18| 224| 59] 148] 131/ 528) 128] ... |S. 73 38 W.| .35 ... | 644

Autumn 67| 27) 280) 75) 108) 121; 454) 141; ... |S. 78 5 W.| .23 | -. | 637

Winter 60} 39) 269) 83} 101} 100] 468] 144] ... |S. 81 49 W.| .23 -. | 682

The year | 234) 106/1100) 296] 460! 464/1937] 517 S. 75 29 W.| .25 w. 2557

| January 5| 4] 290| 123] 101] 61] 609] 109] ... |S. 72 9 W.| .29 ... | 682

February | 14| 7| 293) 83] 80] 73] 585! 53 S. 67 43 W.| .28 -. | 621

| March 7] 5) 357] 97] 46) 80] 618] 932] ... |S. 73 54 W.| .25 aan | ee

April 7 10) 318, 71} 99) 77] 639) 39) ... |S. 63 32 W.] .30 -. | 660

May 12) 18] 237) 90) 98] 117] 687} 43] ... |S. 69 32 W.| .43 2. Gee

June 0} 7 209) 99) 83) 121} 711} 380} ... |S. 72 0 W.} .46 660

July 4) 1) 127) 103) 73) 170] 792} 32] ... |S. 71 59 W.} .61 682

184. August 0) 3) 226) 97) 108) 108) 734) 26] ... |S. 67 18 W.| .48 682

Teas | September} 5 5) 193) 104) 70} 113) 746] 24) ... |S. 45 O W.! .19 660

October 7] 8) 294 119/ 101! 79| 645) 49] ... |S. 61 25 W.) .20 682

November| 2| 2) 273; 113} 67| 89] 638] 76] ... |S. 69 10 W.| .34 660

December 7 5| 364) 105} 36! 90 632) G3] 2. [Si 63) 29) We} 221 ... | 682

Spring 26 33) 912 258) 243) 274/1944| 174} ... IS. 64 14 W.| .30 . (2024

Summer 4| 11) 562 299) 264) 399/2237/ gs] ... |S. 70 12 W.| .53 2024

Autumn 14| 15) 760 336) 238) 281/2029) 149 \S. 67 40 W.) .37 ... |2002

Winter 26| 16 947, 311) 217] 224/1826) 225 IS. 67 33 W.| .28 ... |1985

The year | 70} 75,3181 1204} 962/1178/8036) 636] ... |S. 68 25 W.| .37 a)

January 68} 17 8 42] 354/ 103] 106 294 iS. 63 38 W.} .42 527

February | 38] 30) 19 37] 313] 64] 98) 303 Si62) 73) Wal.82 479

March 56 22) 13° 34) 346] 51] 121) 349 S. 75 59 W.| .38 527

April 66] 18] 13] 46] 285] 72) 152) 308 S. 78 40 W.| .38 . | 510

May 66] 42) 18] 35] 316] 101| 133) 249 S. 65 30 W.| .35 527

June | 36] 12) 20] 29) 364) 120] 175) 214 iS. 53 10 W.| .46 510

July 22/ 20) 13) 31] 422) 108] 170) 206 S. 45 24 W.| .50 527

185. August | 26) 18, 33/ 34) 425) 101) 142, 214 S. 46 30 W.) .46 527

Hartwick. 4 | September! 31/ 30) 14] 38] 327] 131) 139] 260 S. 47 59 W.| .46 510

October 19] 26) 16] 38] 411| 82] 113] 287] ... |s. 46 54 W.| .40 | 827

November) 19] 42) 15| 44) 338] 87] 146] 269 iS. 59 11 W.| .40 | 510

December! 59) 55] 9{ 44] 332] 83] 132] 278 |S. 68 10 W.| .35 527

Spring 188] §2) 44] 115] 947] 224! 406] 906 S. 73 37 W.| .37 . bd

Summer | 84! 50, 66| 94/1211] 319] 486] 634 S. 46 41 W.| .46 1564

Autumn 69| 98 45] 120/1066] 300] 398] 816 S. 56 45 W.| .45 1547

Winter 165) 102) 36} 123] 999] 250] 336] 875 S. 66 36° W.| .35 1533

L| The year | 506 22 191) 452/4223/1093/ 1626/3231 S. 59 48 W.| .39 6208

SRE See) ZOuUN, By On Mea eeAs Oo INO) 45 IN: SIF)
(Nos. 186 and 187.) SERIE NER Wels Copp Hed
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a2 influences.
Rais]
Kind of |Time of the o3 4 82 84 | g |Direetion of 25
observations, year. LZ ea Ry bz 2 | resultant. |. | Direction.
x ° 6 ° 2A | Ove o5 3
2 las| ¢ las} lee] # | ES lee ee 8
SO Peo alime nh peairee ser ee Tee 3° S
ey rae |b Ieee da aula) ie alee lis e =
Be (ae | | Spring 303} 282) 409) 579) 668] 655) 1802) 1233 sh
as © 8 | | Summer 260) 168) 362) 647) 937) 959) 1947) 1210 5.
Belo 3S {| Autumn 325) 228) 383] 660) 1029} 995) 1739) 1044 5.
3] 5 || Winter 340; 174) 467) 739) 868] 683) 1824] 1333 3.
ga |ae [| The year? |... Res ane a | ee Se sh one S.
m2 a Spring 2326] 2576) 1858) 4672) 662: 4676/17436 13132 N.89
5 |S 8 Summer | 1600) 988) 1916) 4525) 7182) 6284|13433) 8950 8.71
Tel aa eae at Autumn 2328} 2114) 1739) 5543) 8664) 7626)15828| 9094 8.69
43 ne es A Winter 2585] 1219) 2535) 6409) 9800) 6165/23323)15768 5.82 5
Bola. Upaine sens] Tem || eae ae Jojo} on = 8.79 23 W.|.416
a Pee | Spring 7.68} 9.13) 4.54) 8.07) 9.91) 7.14) 9.68) 10.65
58 2 Ss, | | Summer 6.15| 5.88] 5.29) 6.99) 7.66) 6.55) 6.90) 7.40
ee peste | eas Autumn 7.16] 9.27| 4.54) 8.40] 8.42) 17.66] 9.10] 8.71
wo = fe = Winter 7.60) 7.01] 5.43 8.07 11.29) 9.03) 12.79) 11.83
ret =|
f> (| Spring 4434) 3147| 4763); 7200 10954] 9103/16633/17348) 542)S.81 18
en Summer 4087) 2362} 3319) 5911 14452 12907/17182)14356) 764/S.66 28
3 a|e a { | Autumn 3839) 2319} 3770) 6840 13299)11560/16080)15485) 462/S.68 24
ss nan E Wiater 4127) 2767) 4671) 7119 12282) 9832/15858)16756| 369|S.74 36
g $ UL) The year |16487)10595)16523/27070 51017) '43402)|65753|63945|2137|S.72 1
z= | [| Spring 595) 294) 1220) 726) 1335| 1582) 5720) 3545) ... |N.872
o®|aa Summer 747; 250) +910) 613) 1466) 1909) 6105) 3495 N.89
aa 3 34 | Autumn 634) 191) 948) 593) 1481} 1881] 5927) 3334 5.89 20 W.
¥ 2/23 Winter 458) 156) 1075) 578) 1240; 1302) 5918} 3524 N.86 2 aie
£02 = {| The year | 2434) 891) 4153) 2510) 5522) 6674/23670)13898| ... |N.8525 W.
qe | 2. Spring 5029] 3441) 5983 7926 12289 10685/22353)20893) 542/S.84 1 W.).31 |N. 43°F. | .07}
2 5 32 ( Summer 4835] 2612) 4229) 6524) 15948 14816 23287/17851) 764/S.72 31 W.|.403 |S. 374 W.) .05 f
QB 3:5 /| Autumn 4472) 2510) 4718 7433) 14780)13441/22007)18819] 462/S.73 12 W.|.39 |S. 35 W.| .04}
eS) 1 Se Winter 4585| 2923) 5746) 7697 13522 11134) 21776 20280 369)8.79 14 W.|.354|/N. 16 EH. | .02
ee 5 The year |18921)11486)20676)2 SOSH Be aaTEA0 a8 Bz '77843|2137 118.76 4] W.|.314

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:—

Spring. |Summer.| Autumn.) Winter. | The year.
} 4

Average velocity of all winds iu miles per hour c 8.99 6.91 8.27 10.56 8.68

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds

a from every point of the compass move with the foregone
average velocity . 3.09 2.72 2.9/7 3.48 3.06

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the

several points of the compass, each their own average YON

as shown in the table above . 5 o 6 0 0 3.75 2 85 3.31 4.

Excess of the latter over the former . : 6 < ° - | +.66 +.13 4.34 | +1.

ior)
ore

3.
ae

are)

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 188 to 190.) Northeastern Pennsylvania.

“

Observed as follows :—

=e
Place of observation. By whom observed. Date.

Berwick, John Eggert, : 1856 to 1865 inclusive.

Blooming Grove, John Grathwohl, | 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
' | Carpenter, HE. L. McNett, : 1862.

Dyberry, Theodore pe _ 1865 to 1869 inclusive.

Hamlinton, efiesioeates' 4 1869.

Honesdale, M. H. Cobb, Z 1851 and 1852.

Milford, Ralph Bull, 1840.

North Abington, Rodman Sisson, 1868 and 1869.

318

(Nos. 188 to 190.)

WINDS OF

THE

GLOBE.

Northeastern Gee See eaoninued:

Ree
Place of observation. By whom observed. dene Date.
} yrs. mos
Salem (Wayne County), J. D. Stocken, 0 5 1869.
Silver Lake, E. Rose, 1 9 1839, 1840 and 1841.
Stevensville, | J. Russell Dutton, ORL 1866 and 1867.
Susquehanna Depot, H. H. Atwater, 0 2 1863.
Towanda, Selden J. Coffin & others,+ 0 7 1861.
Wilkesbarre, V. L. Maxwell, 0 2 1841.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 44 influences. ;
= : : £e Bs
A fe} Je A= Be =
Place and Time of 23 og 2s) S23 g | Direction of | 23 %
kind of the year. ni ays 2a Be | co resultant. |. ¢ | Direction. eS
observations. ie ° = f or a = s 3 oe | og 2 3 “S Cy
BiHS| el] as | & JES] & | Fs |e Zo Z| &
ylzel\ alae | a jut) © | ee id ee a | &
188.
Silver The year | 153) 25 0 18} 120) 180} 323) 275 N. 80°19/W.?2| .55 365
Lake.
4 @ (| Spring 6 8) 64 21 10} 20 93) 28 8. 79 56 W.).170
; [23 Summer 8} 10} 99 15 17) 24 88 12) ... |S. 8 43 E. |.077
Be, | ss Autumn 1 2) 13 3 9 2) 42) 12) ... |S. 87 21 W.|.393
Bs Bile | Winter | 12) 16} 93 26 LS S48 IN. 82 0 W.|.253
BO hen ||| Lhesyeart! ||P. ||| eel) eet ats be ae at S. 83 38 W.!-201
oe Spring | 20) 16) 142; 236) 114) 72) 582) 282 8. 78 50 W.|.352
2 (SS a Summer 20} 80) 106 46 86 2) 442 68 S. 77 11 W.|.483
Sah as Autumn 2) 2) 113 69) 132) 6] 447) 152 S. 79 52 W.).405
salsa Winter | 24) 58) 268) 197) 131) 121) 1418; 291 iS. 86 8 W.).495
5 a (| The yeart las Eee le etre eco IS. 81 5 W.|.423
bec Be Spring 3.33 2.00)2.22 11.24/11.40)3.60} 6.26)10.07
SE oa {| Summer |0.25/0.801.07) 3.17) 5.06)2-58) 5.02) 5.67
ol eas Autumn § /|2.00/1.00.8.69 23.00)14.67} 0 |10.6412.67
4] Winter /2.00)3.62,2.88) 7.58/11.91|6.37| 7-97 6.06
ef; {| Spring 402) 195) 556) 406) 457) 493) 1044 1180) 606.N. 88 42 W. |.233
= Sa Summer | 372) 229) 858) 220) 562 848 1430, 1061/1085|S. 88 49 W.|.24
rare eS Autumn | 459) 140) 585) 415) 544) 651) 1160 1148) 916/N. 87 10 W.|.24
oa A Ae Winter 406) 147) 497) 329) 325 466 1215) 1242) 731|)N. 72 30 W.|.31
nee Mhe years) f25 || \see|| sceul|) olecoee meena | Reece (lemeceial eee | een TN Same TRV a
a8 a [ Spring | 220) 46) 106) 178) 134) 311) 569 633) ... IN. 77 14 W.|.453
StS) | les Summer | 211) 59) 87) 144) 223) 511; 909) 523) ... |S. 87 25 W.|.53
a‘ 43 84/Autumn | 271) 32) 73/ 215) 217/ 487| 653) 706] ... |N. 86 22 W.|.47
@2@3/s2 | Winter | 142) 22) 75) 147) 118) 221) 581) 729) ... IN. 74 26 W...54
Sn Onli Rey yeartiil) =-c0|\eses|| ese neo eee liars ees ess N. 82 43 W.).49
28 see Spring | 622) 241) 662) 584} 591] 804) 1613) 1813 606 N. 77 15 W.|.30 | N. 55° E. |.033
we los Summer | 583) 288) 945) 364) 785)1359| 2339) 1584/1085) IS. 88 10 W. 324/58. 2 W.).054
orcs Autumn | 730| 172) 658} 630] 761/1138) 1813) 1854] 916,N. 86 48 W.|.31 |S. 20 E, |.03
s ze Winter 548) 169) 572) 476) 443) 687) 1796 1971) 731\N. 73 16 W.|.373| N. 313 W.|.074
& aera UN SCE tase letra iRerns il) Yecoe lle deceit cco Il cos |N. 81 54 W.|.325
| ioe
! W. H. Dean and John H. Kingsbery.
2 Computed from observations recorded for sixteen points of the compass.
3 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
i}
Spring. | Summer, | nesta. Winter. | The year,
—— — — | _~
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 5.86 3.00 10.92 | 6.22 6.50
Velocity i in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the Pe move with the foregoing
average velocity -99 23 4.29 1.57 13358
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average ve sees ,
as shown in the table above : 2.06 1.45 4.42 3.08 2.75
Excess of the latter over the former +1.07 |+41.22 +.13 |+1.51 +1.44

4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 319

(Nos. 191 to 196.) Eastern Pennsylvania.
Observed as follows :—
length of |

} Place of observation. By whom observed. ae)

i mos.
| Bethlehem, Mr. C. Kummer and L. R.| 1 2 | 1843 and 1850.
} Huebner,
Bustleton, Isaac C. Martindale,
Byberry, John Comly and others,?
| Danville, C. H. Frick,
Easton, Traill Green, LL. D.,and others,3
Ephrata, W. H. Spera,
} Falsington, Ebenezer Hance,
Fox Chase, GhpSob pan GHODEO Sus CED EOU ECE
| Germantown, Mr. Wister and others,!
Harrisburg,! Dr. J. Heisley and others,5

1854.

1854 and 1860 to 1863 inclusive.

| 1839 and 1854. .

1838, 1839, 1848 and 1855 to 1859 inclusive.

1865 to 1869 inclusive.

1860 and 1862 to 1869 inclusive.

1860.

1843, 1844 and 1860 to 1869.

1840, 1841, 1854 to 1859 and 1861 to 1869, both
inclusive.

1839, 1840 and 1841.

1839, 1840, 1841 and 1856.

1855 to 1860 and 1865 to 1869, both inclusive.

1854 to 1859 inclusive, and 1861.

1857 to 1869 inclusive.

1856, 1857 and 1861 to 1866 inclusive.

1839, 1840 and 1841.

1843, 1844 and 1854 to 1863 inclusive.

Haverford, Haverford College,
} Lancaster, Conservatory of Arts,
Lewisburg, Prof. C. 8. James,
} Morrisville, Ebenezer Hance,
Mount Joy, Jacob R. and Mary E. Hoffer,
} Nazareth, H. A. Brickenstein & others,®
Newtown, L. H. Parsons,
Norristown, Mr. Coison and Rey. J. G.
Ralston,
Northumberland, } Andrew C. Huston,
} North Whitehall, | Edward Kohler,
jf Phoenixville, J. T. Coffman,
} Plymouth Meeting,) Marcus H. Corson,
Port Carbon, Lyceum,
Pottsville, John Porter and Dr. A. Heger,
Reading, C. F. Egelmann and John L.
Raser,
Shamokin, P. Friel,
Sigfried’s Bridge, | (See North Whitehall.)
H Silver Spring, H. G. Bruckhart,
South Bethlehem, | N. C. Tooker & A. M. Mayer,
State Hospital, Joseph C. Martindale,
Stroudsburg, A. M. Stokes,
Summit Hill, M. Abbott,
Trappe, one og 959009 030006 ao0 00 c6n
Valley Forge, C. P. Jones,
West Haverford, Paul Swift,

BER TAnMooewaH

H
H
or

BREE REOOH CFoabaHObNbH

1839, 1840 and 1841.

1856 to 1858 and 1860 to 1867, both inclusive.
1869.

186S and 1869.

1840 and 1841.

1839 and 1855.

1832 to 1841 and 1866 to 1869, both inclusive.

pa

or

1857 to 1863 inclusive.

1863 to 1867, inclusive.

1867 and 1868.

1861.

1839, 1840 and 1841.

1852 and 1853.

1849.

1849.

1854 to 1857 and 1860 to 1863, both inclusive.

AOOSHOHAW
=
BPwWrOwWw ao

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE a Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

tween N. & E. |

Direction of

Place of | Time of the
| resultant.

observation. year. Direction,

Calm or
to sum of winds

N. E. or be-
S. E. or be-
tween 8. & E,
ls. W. or be-
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W
variable,
Ratio of resultant

engi
Northumber-
land.
192.
Lancaster.
iB
Newtown (1841).

=
vo
a
H
(=)

The year

a
iro)

The year

)
(ea)

N
The year s Z|: N.

}
a ae ye
| Spring 88] 2: | Ze | 2515. 63

Summer | 131 63) 35 9| 255|S. 87
Autumn | 148) 2 | 9} 2 176\N. 57
Winter 132] 26 5) 12) 59) 29: 170)N. 55
POV CALA |Meese|(leeey ||htsre i |\easyllieteson |tReceneliexeth | eicce! d|icccooy Nine:

194,
Easton.

=
We}
to}

bw tbet
mor

1 Two Independent sets of observations during a part of the time.

2 John W. Saurman and Isaac C. Martindale.

3 C. Elliott, James H. and Selden J. Coffin and George R. Houghton.
45. Ebert and Thomas and J. Meehan.

5 W. O. Hickok and K. A. Martin.

6 J. C. Harvey, O. T. Huebner and L. E. Ricksecker.

7 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

$
30) WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 195 and 196.) Eastern Pennsylvania.—Conlinued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Sa influences,
= oe, act a,
gj re Theses
Ae = se BF |
Kind of Time of a Sa eae) g | Directionof | 3% |
observations. the year. EG Ae be | 2S. resultant. fies | Direction
Al) r as! = =
AS a Fg) Es al
Be ws eas i al
B-. 7s 6 (| Spring 452) 486, 396) 56: 2) $37) 1388) 1h: coe [Ne 78° dS! NV 529 7,
‘ais | o 8 | | Summer 272| 344) 455] 66 520) 1210) 1459] 9! ... |S. 67 12 W.|.289
9 3 as Autumn 445| 445) 389 31} 985) 1513 2 .. |N. 84 48 W.!.v94
reel ieesies Winter 400} 517) 481) 3) 6-259) 608) 1404) 2009) ... |N. 6 o W. .354
Be 148 The year? 8 SON | Mer soae | hee ceo ay ote = Se coc INeaSe W.!.292
[ee es | Spring 4180) 4721| 1676} 2803, 3443) 4968) 8020/16246) ... |N. 2 W«.'.376
e's 13 4 || Summer | 1338) 2062 2036) : 3} 6753) 5704) 5351... |S. 3 WW.) .276
re sa | Autumn 3139| 2624 1715} 3159) 2881] 5976) 7684)12324) ... nde Wi.|2337) S. r
23 )44 || Winter 3194! 3147) 2160) 1873 1560) 3613) 9819/17967) ... - 56 W.|-482 N. Ves r
AS The year? = cao oft Bae | al ore 20 W..|.347 5
= | =4 0 Spring 9.25! 9.71) 4.23] 4.98) 6.35| 5.94] 5.78] 9.9
521¢2!| Summer | 4.92) 5.99) 4.47| 4.63 4.38) 5.58) 3.98) 5.6 {
2 ee || le Autumn 7.05) 5.90) 4. .46; 5.43) 6. 5.08] 8. }
se | Bes |) Winter 7.98, 6.09) 4.49) 4.18 6.02) 5.94 6.99) 8.94)
= aa - | | | |
ie Spring 2553) 3509) 3269) 9 2316) 4074) 7241) 7468) 3456)N. ER.
Suminer 2443) 2249 2559) 3136 3158) 5773) 7004) 4694) 5384's.

Autumn 3087, 2783 2563) 2699 2295) 4330) 6879) 7040) 5099|N.
Winter 9731| 3749) 2957) 2210 1298) 3463) 7398) 8729) 4173)/N.
|The year |10814 12290 11348 11204 9067/17640 2852227931 18112/N.
Spring 906| 1356] 1353) 808) 643] 2140/ 5701) 3322) ... |N.
Summer 903, 861, 1318) 794 929) 3192) 5930) 2705... |S.
Autumn 868) 897, 1017| 824; 822) 2457) 5216] 2971 |

| Winter 732 1193) 1104 417, 337| 1777) 5619) 3406)

| The year? cro_|{ © 60 || eee hel eel) ee I eed | ne ae

Spring 3459, 4865) 4622) 3967) 2959| 6214/12942 10790

Summer 3346) 3110) 3877) 3930) 4087) 8965)12934 7399 5384/8.

| Autumn 3955, 3680) 3580) 3523, 3118) 6787)12095 10011 5099 N.
2627 1635) 5240/1301712135 4173 N. 6%

as"
ate

winds.

Surface

™

2 on
oS bw

SN

bo

ey
of
ae
tn
$s
Ba
Sa
As
Dw
eo
4
bp 2
»s
ie)
eed
"3S
sb
D
°

bo

esa (Jv)
aga" 4° 2p

196.

to
WiHn-

oS eos FeO

combined. of clouds.

2 preceding Motion

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

’
| Spring. Ser aneanee Winter. The year. Py
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour ; z 7.32 8 B16 ; 6.35
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity 5 . . . . c 5 :
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity, |
as shown in the table above . : A : c 2 =. ||
Excess of the latter over the former . 5 0 a D
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons. 4
7 = \

(Nos. 197 and 197(a).) Pennsylvania.

Average duration of winds in each month in the State of Pennsylvania, deduced from observations
made previous to the year 1848, at 40 different stations for an aggregate period of forty-eight years

and eleven months.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFER INT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

inochi
Time of the Dee ion

o
year. resultant.

variable

a
A

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds, —

Place of observa-

5. E.
South
Calm or

. 80° 52/ W.
5 W.)-

49)

Sealy Mbp
63) f
4.29) .35
84) .e
.88
Buy
att
184) .33] ! |
.40| 48) 6.00) .55)
16), .47) 6.84 .'74|
RODE 6.39.85)
.89 5.58 67.11 8.17' 67.65):

i | : '

.53| .28] 1.97] .

I
7Ww

,| January
February
March

So
bo

2
1.94| . 1.45
2-27) - EA
April 2.56] .18) 2.19) .0S
May : 1.83] .21| 1.34
| June 24) .10) 1.61) . 1-47)
1
1
1
1
1

LhaS
oe

le}
=

' July 41} .11] 1.46) .
August Ol 2.18) .¢
September) 43, 1 2.05)

October a3}; allay abbyy ailt
November 75D) § 1.96] .0

78

98

42

84

.89

3.03 2.18 21-25)3.55 5:
|

SNPNNRPNRHH

197. Pennsylvania.

"50 N. 7
"90 N. 88

December a ages <e L.70 “06
) The year {16.37 3.16/22.60 1,84 21.21)1.67 3

PeenNnrenwpenwmnnwnwnwpy
PNW WROWWwWNe bt
S 1 ry

eee eb
C J

ow

ia

nm

ia

oo

SERIES B.

(No. 197(a).)

ZONE 10.

THeASITN

40° TO 45° N. 391

Pennsylvania.— Continued

If to the foregoing observations we add those made at seventeen additional stations in Pennsyl-
yania and New Jersey, previous to the year 1848, and for an aggregate period of fourteen years, we

obtain the following results :—

Place of
observation.

Time of the
year.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

(

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

Calm or var.
| Ratio of resultant

April
May
June
| July

New Jersey, 57 stations.
63 years.
(SSS SS SSSA 2

197(a). Pennsylvania and

(Nos. 198 to 209.)

January
February
March

August colloas pod
September)...|...]... ...|.--|.
October Pall eee
November)...|...|.. |..
December }...|...!...|.«

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

By whom observed,

Aggregate
length of
time.

. 17° 47' W.) . . 22° E. |
7 to W.| .3:
. ol

5. 89
. 84 2:
b itl

..|S. 78
IS. 58 2

. 84

. 85

2 1G

«(3

AAA TP ah

Date.

Adams,

Canton,
Depauville,
Gallop’s Island,
Gouverneur,

Houseville,
Leyden,
H Lowville,

Madison Barracks,

Madrid,

f Malone,
Morley,
North Hammond,
Ogdensburg,
Plattsburg, ©
Plattsburg Barracks,

| Potsdam,

-Rouse’s Point,
Sackett’s Harbor,
Smithville,
Somerville,
Theresa,

} Watertown Arsenal,
West Day,

Mr. Webb & C. D. Potter, M.D.,
EH. W. Johnson,

Henry Hass,

Mr. Gill,

Academy and others,!

Walter D. Yale,
C. C. Merriam,
Academy and J. C. House,

Post Surgeon,

E. A. Dayton,

Franklin Academy,

Ezra Parmelee,

Charles A. Wooster,

The author and W. E. Guest,
Academy & Joseph W. Taylor,
Post Surgeon,

St. Lawrence Academy,
Post Surgeon,

(See Madison Barracks.)
J. Everett Breed,

Dr. F. B. Hough,

S. O. Gregory,

Post Surgeon,

Jude M. Young,

mos.

11

1843, 1860 and 1861.

1854 to 1857 inclusive.

1865 to 1869 inclusive.

1843.

1831 to 1835, 1838 to 1845, 1854, 1855 and
1861 to 1868, all inclusive.

1860 and 1865 to 1869 inclusive.

1869.

1827 to 1833, 1835, 1537, 1839 to 1848, 1855
and 1856, all inclusive.

1831, 1842 to 1846, and 1849 to 1852, all
inclusive. i

1854 to 1857 inclusive.

1839, 1840 and 1842.

1849.

1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1838 and 1855 to 1863 inclusive.

1841, 1842, 1847, 1848, 1849 and 1856. i

1840, 1842 to 1846 and 1849 to 1852, both
inclusive.

1828 to 1848 inclusive.

1839 and 1845 to 1852 inclusive.

1854, 1855 and 1856.

1850.

1861 to 1868.

1837 to 1840, 1843 and 1844,
1858 and 1859.

41 February, 1875,

' Dr. P. O. Williams and C. H. Russell.

322 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 198 to 201.) Northeastern New York.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

&E

Direction of
resultant.

|
Direction. |
|

Place of Time of
observation, the year.

E. or be-

tween N.
WN. W. or be-
tween N. & W. |
Calm or

variable.
Ratio of resultant

tosum of winds.
Number of days,

N

Spring ‘ ‘ | 769] 368) 422) ... |S. 51°48’ W.).2
(a Sumas: 8 )8] 296) 0} 321] 200) ... |S. 37 47 5

198.
Sackett’s 4
Harbor.

(1982). |
|

Autumn 24| 362] 80| 402) 356] 386) 249] 419 44
Winter y 3) 3] de ¢ 249) 511) ... 3 36
| 0

The year!
42

| . wee wee eae wee wee eae wee
Spring 8) Le 28] ¢ 260) 275
Summer ‘ 3) 135) 3} 18 38} 275) 144
Autumn y 3] 339} 240
Winter 3] 1: ) 32| 327| 348

HU PE yet! al ieee) | eeeeoml | peestseall lites | teeta erent | teen | =r
‘ January 32) 103) 346
February 56) 2 33} 74) 316
March 202 ’ 3 85| 360
April 197 : j 150) 313
May 211) 26 j 3} 133] 272
June 175 3, 130 2 211) 243
| July 209 8 257| 223
August 211 Nase de 245| 187
September] 223) 36 | 36 168) 208
October 183 31: 122) 234
November] 188 y B 119) 265
December | 288 | 16 110} 265
Spring 610 i) 3} 245) 368) 945
Summer 595) 69 31) 298 5 8} 713] 653
Autuinn | 594) 12: 51| j ? 409] 707
Winter 662} 43} 39} 36 3} 287| 927
| The year |2461 3112 3177/3232
January 76 c } : 5} 126) 142
February 79) 6 5] 8 36) 136) 64
March y d 23} 108} 108
April 2 20) 36 y 90| 128
May 3 3 8] 105) 238} 91) 112
June 32 5] Q 69) 101
July 8 J 72! 138} 116
200. August B} 2 : 66] 226) 97) 115

U
Gouver- September] 6 ja 206) 130) 133
neur. October 7 56 2: 80) 219} 134) 125

atertown
Arsenal.

{448424555 55535:

4

199.
Lowville. 4

AGRARAAAANMMANDMY Aw

November 8 5 &) 28 136} 115) 130
December | 120] 120 B} «26) 93) 172) 98) 97
Spring 280) 259) < 83} 302) 616] 289] 348
Summer y | 245| 774) 304) 332
Autumn 25 86 268; 561|°379| 388
Winter Z iy 2 2 506} 360) 303
The year |1008| 916) 183 38 '2457)1332)1371
January 25 | 25] 183) 407) 146} 217
February Z y | 379} 104) 206
March j ‘ 22) 408) 96) 224
April 33) 25 5 356| 85) 232
May 219 j j} 172] 483] 98] 180
June i} 167) } 90 522) 97| 188
July 3 3) bY | 641! 63! 207
August 88) 1: | 165) 544) 102) 212

44558284445 44424523:

443

201 = : A -

i September 3 Dd) 538] 97) 208
Potsdam. Oataber j 3} 42) 209| 501) 95] 196
November 35} 2é 191) 384) 132) 175
December 28 3} +29) 158) 394) 138) 205
Spring 22| 72 134| 5841247) 279) 636
Summer 3s 146} 515.1707) 262) 607
Autumn 2: 121} 556)1423) 324) 579
Winter 33) 728 96] 492.1180] 388] 628
The year 2396 | 497|2146 5557/1253/2450

NNNNNNANNANNAANNNNLANNNNAANNNNNNMANNNHANNAD

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 323

(Nos. 20i(@) to 204.) Northeastern New York.— Continued.

201(a). Ogdensburg. Computed from observations made by the author during the year 1838, by means of H
a self-registering vane, which kept a continuous record. t

74 5h [5m
22 15
OSS
15 15
1 52
12 30
4 38
21 30

o
n
ct
i)

15) 15™ | South 202. 4h Om] West 174 5b 45m
8 |S. by W. 4 45 | W.byN. 11
15 45 | S.S. W. 2 6 45 | WAN. WwW. 8
13 | S. W. by S. 22 16 30 | N. W. by W. 9
17 |S. W. 12 15 | N. W. 8
3 S. W. by W. 25 21 30 | N. W. by N. 9

8

6

. by 8.
S. BE.
. by E.

- by 8.
5. E

: 4 1- W.5. W. 3 23 45 N. N. W.
by E.

ee | W. by 8. 6 0 | N. by W.

(A ORC UP be te te
ot brmpbbp

Direction of resultant for the year S. 58° 34/ W.
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .294.

The resultants for the different months were as follows :—

January §. 39° 40/W. .24 May S. 45° 33/W. . | September 45° 3/W. .173 |
February 8. 85 20 W. .43 June 8. 45 46 W. . October - 62 21 W. .25
March N. 27 49 E. .18 July 8. 47 21 W. . November > Ol TG) Wve BH |
April 5.83 4 W. .43 August S. 63 51 W. . December - 39 50 W. .433

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of
resultaat,

Place of Time of

| Observation. the year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

Calm or
variable.
; Ratio of resultant

S. E. or be-
tween 8. & E.
tween S. & W.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E,

| Number of days.

oo
Se
m™

The year b 61°37/ W.?) rs

Vivol oB@ || coonedocc
7h Noll oD || ecadcooss

ViYoll oI) oon enc cen
3 W.| 40) oo.
W.|.

202.
Somerville. \
f January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
| December
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
204. August
Plattsburg { | September
Academy. October
November
December
| Spring
' Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

WU Rw OO HS bo

=

He o> Or bo «

LAALAAARALRAANMNAALANNGRADARAANA AND

a

hore
BPTATORPNOMTTIWOBR RP NDE GS

or

324

(Nos. 205 to 209.)

Place and
kind of
observations

905.
Plattsburg {
Barracks.

206.

207.
Rouse’s
Point, 1839

a.

No. of No. of ob- 4

miles.

as ~

Bao

7)
?
servations. ©

Meat Sah aes ame ee (a

Surface winds at Smiths

Stations in 1854, 755, °56 &

Surface
winds.

a a ee

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

208.

observations at all stations.

a

209. Aggregate number of

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

| Time of the
year,

| Spring

| | Summer

Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autuinn
Winter

| om aan
| The year? |

habe year

Rea
| Summer
Autumn
| Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Spring
Summer

| Autumn

Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring

| Summer
Autumn
Wiuter

| The year

WINDS OF

THE

GL

OBE.

Northeastern New York.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS
OF THE COMPASS.

Oo

tween N, & E.

N.E.

318
163)

>
235)

292, 9)

357
180
248 |
336

3891

126854
419°
267
401
577

35475
1 295441
281°
281
342
295

3683 | 4159
29934 23904
36344| 3332
38421 4468
14153) 14349}

2.95
3-03
2.60

25164 75574

27374

E. or be-
& E.

tween 8.

110
141
74
101
126
168
81
105

14

69
92
17
74

62
33
48
54

601
419
299

183 |
100
125
216

592 | §

588
616
496

473

6.75
4.55
|3.88
.00 |8.00
6663/1914
591 (1819
6144/19833}
6444/1841

56
73 |
25 |
21 |

56"
90
60
ifs}

| 8047

| 6862

) ase bye!
| 6.64

W. or be-
tween S. & W.

Ss.

362
393
361
330
387
449

410 !
385

53
1190
1212
1017

999
7560

6773

6.66

| 6.87

49093

56394
55774
4897

210233

243
344
319
331

1970
1892
20084)
1862 |
fae

7224
681

6743
6594

51524
59834
58964
5228

22261

62524
78344
5990
5577
25654
1217 |
1567
1437
1261
74693)
9401},
7427 |
6838
31136

19471}

04
5.25
.63
.36
33474
38354
3707
3593
14483
1026
1690
262
1010

43734
55254
4969
4603

or be-
variable.

Ww.

tween N.& W.

Calm or

N,

PRA Ahh th

.

47414
36694
4311
4813 | i
17535
490
574
482
398

s
AAA ht

52314) 5934
4243/1032
4793 | 625
5211 | 521
19479 eens

DARA Amin

' Direction of

resultant.

29
73
- 58
60
68
30
78

50
16
37
iB
56
27
45
55

m

.

57° 0/ W.).

444444444242424

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

7
4
N. 33} E. :
S. 25 W.
S: 4 we
N. 20 E. :
N. 49 E. {
Ss. 58 W.
N.52 W.
N.75 &.
7
a

! From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Sp

ring.

Summer.

Autumn, |

Winter.

The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the’ compass move with the foregoing |

avera

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,

ve velocity

as shown in the table above .
Excess of the latter over the former .

6.39

6.04

}
| 2.0
|
|

5.95

6.72

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. eet aa Date.
yrs. mos.
| Albany, Academy and H. M. Paine, M.D., | 24 11 1826 to 1849 inclusive, 1865 and 1866.
Argyle, pdbicos boiooa camden ant ocpedaedu ace 0 6 1864.
Cambridge, Cambridge Washington Academy, | 14 0 1827 to 1839 inclusive, and 1841.
Canajoharie, Academy, 2 0 1833 and 1835.
Chatham, Cornelius and C. T. Chase, 0 8 1843, 1844 and 1854.
Cherry Valley, Academy, 15 0 1827 to 1836, and 1841 to 1845, both
| inclusive. H
Delhi, Delaware Academy, 2 0 1828 and 1837.
Fairfield, Academy, 19 O | 1827, 1828, 1831, 1832, 1833, 1835 to §
1845 inclusive, 1847, 1848 and 1849. §
Fort Ann, P. M. MeMore, 1 9 1863 to 1866 inclusive.
Fort Edward, Prof. Solomon Sias, 0 2 | 1857.
Germantown, Rev. Sanford W. Roe, 2 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
| Granville, Academy, 14 0 1835 to 1849, except 1837.
Greenville, E. B. Wheeler, 1 0 | 1826. H
j Hudson, Academy and G. P. Hackenberg, | 17 ul 1827 to 1835, and 1841 to 1849 (both
inclusive except 1830) and 1869. }
Johnstown, Academy, 14 0 1828 to 1838, and 1841 to 1845, both
inclusive except 1830 and 1833.
Kinderhook, Academy, 17 0 | 1830 to 1836 inclusive.
Lansingburg, Academy, 20 0 1826 to 1846 inclusive except 1838.
Minaville, D. 5. and J. W. Bussing, 2 6 1867, 1868 and 1869
Nassau, Mr. Bullard, i 0 1843, 1850 and 1851.
North Volney, J. M. Partrick. Qu 1868 and 1869.
Salem, Washington Academy, 10 0 | 1828, 1829, 1830, 1838, 1840, 1841 and
1843 to 1847 inclusive.
Saratoga, Walter’H. Riker, 2 7 | 1856 to 1859 inclusive.
Schenectady, Academy, 3 6 1829, 1836, 1837 and 1864.
Sloansville, G. W. Potter, 0 5 1868 and 1869.
South Hartford, Grenville M. Ingalsbee, Hit 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
Spencertown, A. W. Morehouse and others,! 3. 11 1854 to 1857 inclusive, and 1861.
H Troy, Mr. Cook and others,? 7 7 1843, 1854 and 1860 to 1868 inclusive.
Waterford, John C. House, 3 2 1857, 1861, 1862 and 1863.
Watervliet Arsenal, | Post Surgeon, 18 0 1831 to 1845 and 1851 to 1854, both }
inclusive except 1833.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N.

(Nos. 210 to 227.)

Observed as follows:—

Eastern New York.

320

Calm or

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.
| a E se
Place of Time of gay oy 323 Poe)
observation. the year. é Bi ee By be
= -A : q || Si os ipa
A |46' A |ns|] wm |as| = as

Delhi, }|The year | 92| 61 48) 46] 269 407| 326) 213
: j| January | 15] 23 229/ 179] 19/ 31) 264] 418
February 14) 17 231) 158) 15) 24) 230) 387

March 8} 18 246) 176) 23) 23) 267) 417

April 7 9 260) 123) 14] 44; 324) 359

May 8) 7 238) 143) 28 39, 381 333

June 8) 10 152) 140) 27) 80 409) 314

July 10} 12 106) 177) 38] 98) 355) 382)

sy August 13] 4 142] 246] 37] 103| 339] 294
Pairfi 1d September 8| 14 166) 212) 28) 63) 334) 315
arie'c- | | October 11) 10 199) 218} 38] 47| 295] 360
November| 16 8 168) 207) 18) 33) 276) 414

December| 4| 19 156) 227| 13) 48| 299) 412

Spring 24| 34 744 442) 65) 106) 9721109

Summer 31)| 26 400) 563) 102) 281/1103) 990

Autumn 35| 32 533) 637) §4) 143] 905|1089

Winter 33) 59 616) 564) 47) 103) 7931217

(| The year | 123) 151 2293/2206) 298) 6333773/4405

variable.

Monsoon
na influences.
EE :
Se =
Direction os
ofresultant. |«.<¢| Direction. =,
| o&8 BA
oa o 2
=o Belles
| gE | 2
S. 80°35’ W.| .43 731 4
TN GIZA TUBS VaV¥o1) SMES ceo ccoons | «= | 589
N. 47 22 W.| .20 caghosoca | It cos |} Sietey |
N. 68 49 W.} .18 589
N. 62 9 W.) .25 | 570 |
N. 88 14 W.) .26 | 589 §
N. 82 53 W.} .38 570
N. 82 55 W.| .40 589
8. 78 44 W. .27 589
S. 87 59 W.)| .22 570 |
N. 77 52 W.| .21 589 |
N. 65 6 W.} .26 570
Ni 7 6 W.) 27 | 589
N. 63 9 W.| .24 1748
N. 87 36 W.)| .34 1748
N. 75 59 W.| .23 =) 72
IN. 58) of We 23 | 1716
Ifo WPA 3 Viol GAAS Ws bene 6941

' Irving Magee and L

evi S. Packard.

2 John W. Heimstreet, Prof. E. A. H. Allen and Wm. L. Haskin.

326

(Nos. 212 to 216.)

Place of
observation.
((
212. |
Cherry 4
Valley.
if
213.
Canajo-
harie.
214. i
Greenville.
f
215.
ohnstown.
f
216.
Schenec-
tady.

|
|

| January
| February
| March

| Spring

| Winter

| July

| September)
| October

| February |

Time of
the year.

April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December

Summer
Autumn

The year
January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

The year

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year |
January

March
April
May
June

August

November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

WINDS OF

Eastern New York.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

| a |

| og

as
ay eale
B |Ag) = |
z |e2| a |
47| 70) 51|
52 48 36
34) 65] 67
40; 87} 109
38] 78] 61
26| 57| 64
33| 28| 24
37| 53] 33
49| 48] 36
50| 37| 33
44; 61] 48
45| 75) 56

143] 146] 117
144| 193] 143
495) 707| 618
a) 9 oN
Ue @) 6%
ii) Oe
0} 1) 40
al a) 2h
oOo} o| 6
oO} o| 5
Ar ll I
oO} Oo} 12
1 0 7
GQ) Oy iy
Gy ii
3} 1) 83
2) oO} 19
1] 0] 46
2) Ol 34
8} 1] 182
32) 136) 52
3) 125] 151
0} 90) 154
3} 81] 183
8| 73] 203
12) 57| 174)
1} 52) 139
A il 7!
7] 50] 67
4! 30] 129
16) 64) 110
5| 68) 132
4; 89] 158
23] 211] 560
10, 129} 280
25| 162) 371
7| 304] 463
65) 806|1674
ill) SGT a
9} 16) 2
Sie Gl wal
A By il
10) 15, 14
6| 16] 24
Si Tiel
Sie sin al
6) 4; 10
il) aly) 24
WG 7 7
10} 12) 1
26) 24) 16
22) 31) 46
By) PAR) iG)
30] 34) 4
100| 117) 85

a |
| a3
P=)
an | :
Cie)
Ao] 3
=| 0
no} 0
20° 114
20. 106
24 124
37) 111
32) 121
35) 122
35| 87
25) 122
30, 136
32) 175
20) 115
11] 93
93) 356}
95| 331
82) 426
51) 313
321 1426
23) 6
ysl! 7B)
23 «10
it) ee)
23 0
D9|) 438
14, 5
25) 4
Td) al
36 4
25) a
40 al
61| 12
68) 12
82 7
81; 9
292) 40
465| 40
30) 9
1)
27, 4
45) 5
63] 15
63) 10
40) 10
84) 24
76| 20
51) 11
24| 10
14, 3
135| 24
187| 44
151) 41)
57| 14
530| 123
8| 25)
24) 5
DAA ty)
20) 33
38| 24!
44) 15
28] 25
24) 28
44) 28
41} 17
27| 23
20) 21
83) 94
96) 68)
112} 68
52) 51|
343] 281

THE GLOBE.

2 sE | oe
23 | 28 6 | Direction of | 2S
Bo | 5b | Pe resultant. 38
“a Sa iit brs a
Fel 8 elas es
we} FIAS|oO | fa
226] 328] 74 S. 66° 06! W.|.47
149] 337] 100| ... |S. 80 37 W.|.48
142] 367| 107] ... |S. 77 51 W.|.47
111] 284] 121| ... |S. 83 20 W.|.28
158] 298] 144] ... |S. 80 52 W.|.42
181| 297| 118] ... |S. 75 51 W.|.43
255| 311) 157| ... |S. 76 30 W.|.61
195| 308] 157) ... |S. 78 50 W.).53
189| 272) 140) S. 75 15 W.|.46
187] 262] 154) ... |S. 71 3 W.|.49
206| 279] 127| ... |S. 76 33 W.|.47
200) 318] 132] ... |S. 83 28 W.|.49
411] 949) 372] ... |S. 80 26 W.|.38
631] 916] 432) ... |S. 75 58 W.|.52
582| 813] 421] ... |S. 74 13 W.|.47
575| 983] 306] ... |S. 78 40 W.|.48
2199|3661/1531| ... |S. 77 7 W.|.47
Tle ATA 30|) SeiSance alopwiel 36
3] 41| 40] ... IN. 79 59 W.|.43
DN Sil tail) ts, Se Sia) Wel
2| 28] 32] ... IS. 4 39 W.|.08
5| 28) 37| ... |N. 56 11 W.|.12
8| 19] 55] ... IN. 75 - 1 W.l.32
9) 50} 41] ... IN. 86 46 W.|.55
5| 35 45) .. |N. 81 36 W.|.38
11] 48) 31] ... IN. 88 8 W.|.29
5] 26) 35) ... |S. 53 30 W.1.14
9] 21) 42] ... IN. 87 32 W.|.17
6] 27] 39 IS. 71 57 W.|.17
9| 93] 106] ... JN. 70 8 W.|.13
2) 104) 141) ... JN. 80_17 W.|.42
25] 95) 108] ... |S. 86 26 W.|.24
16] 109} 109] ... JN. 89 13 W.|.29
2 401) 464| ... |N. 84 16 W.|.27
78] 92) 565] ... |N. 33 54 W '.083
56| 446) 48 IN. 77 49 W.|.31
44] 458} 31] ... |N. 81 20 W.|.34
58| 478| 34] ... IN. 85 53 W.|.34
64] 396| 46] ... IN. 88 48 W.|.22
78| 414! 55 IS. 84 32 W.|.30
82] 456) 37] ... |S. 80 41 W.|.38
110] 510; 95) ... |S. 85 26 W.|.66
97| 474) 65 IS. 83 11 W.|.57
68| 426) 87] ... |S. 84 56 W.|.40
79) 430| 107| ... IN. 84 43 W.!.44
42) 479 80] ... |N. 81 53 W.|.44
81| 448} ‘71! ... IN. 81 43 W.}.39
200/1288| 135] ... |N. 89 28 W.|.28
289 1440) 197] ... |S. 83 45 W.|.50
189)1335| 274] ... |N. 87 14 W.|.43
| 181)1352] 150] ... \N. 80 28 W.|.35
85915415! 756] ... |N. 89 4 W.|.39
7, 26] 102) ... IN. 60 42 W.|.59
5| 41| 68] ... IN. 55 4 W.|.42
9) 44) 55)... |S. 82 23 W.|.37
4| 43) 69] ... IN. 89 28 W.|.43
5| 46) 34] ... |S. 66 27 W.|.13
10} 30} 35] ... |S. 21 0 E. |.06
13] 64| 30] ... |S. 71 16 W.|.34
13] 73) 21) ... |S. 65 54 W.|.35
5) 60] 23] ... |S. 43 41 W.|.21
5| 55| 48] ... IS. 87 5 W.|.24
8| 42) 51)... [N 81 30 W.|.29
12) 33] 77] ... IN. 67 55 W.! 43
18} 133] 158] ... |S. 86 18 W.|.20
36| 167} 86] ... |S. 64 16 W.|.24
18] 157| 122] ... |S. 77 0 W.|.16
24) 100) 247] ... JN. 61 20 W.|.47
96) 557| 613] ... |N. 87 17 W.|.30
|

Monsoon

influences.

Direction,

eee eee eee

Force,

No. of days.

rasan
ano
Oo

i

—_ —

Aisa arttn, ee ee

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 327

(Nos. 217 to 220.) Eastern New York.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. e3 influences.
£3 |—— a
5 ej sj | 2 ae | é
| Time of the $8 o2 ga 53 Direction of |2o]
cats year, Fea yh ai Era resultant. balls Direction. | u
ae a | 2s ai a | oa : aI om 8 ||
On 6 oO + 7 0 —) Eo 2 Ee o on g
Z SEIS | BR eee iG el ae 22 5) 2
ry Wee | ems | ue fe | es ee =| 2
(| January 72| 310 18 74 7A) 293 Fie) 320|N. 50° 44/ w,|.24 suocesaos || ono |} (AAO)
February 55| 344 36 83 66] 192) 104 248|N.18 7 W.|.18 oconcoate |) oon |} Bx
March 64) 311 30 77 93) 267) 123 275|N.54 6 W.|.21 620
April 56) 297 45 82 95) 253 86 286|N. 47 19 W.).17 600
May 62) 304 52) 151 101) 277 99 194/S. 84 53 W.}.05 620
a June 76) 245 43} 138 151) 254 89 2041S. 66 15 W.|.09 600
3S July 60} 215 27| 182 115) 344) 103 194|S. 44 52 w.|.20 620
tp August 56) 257 38) 164 141) 290 99 195/S. 51 6 W.|.11 620
aI September 73) 233 35] 12) 150} 241 80 261|N. 85 24 W.|.12 600
i October 83) 261 35| 118 112) 278 73 280|N. 65 40 W.|.15 520 §
November 85) 283 37 65 88] 247 78 317|N. 43 27 W.|.28 600
a December 67| 343 26 51 80} 253 71 349|N. 36 23 W.|.27 620
| Spring 182} 912) 127) 310 289) 797| 308 755|N. 55 6 W.|-14 1840
| Summer 192] 717] 108] 484) 407) 888) 291, 593)S. 52 31 W.|.12 1840
| Autumn 241) 777) 107) 310) 350) 766) 28 858|N. 60 23 W.|.15 1820 f
| Winter 194) 997 80} 208 220) 738] 254 917|/N. 36 47 W.|.22 1804 }
The year 809] 3403) 422] 1312} 1266) 3189) 108 BSN, BIL Bilal 7304
January 23 53 36) 145 225 37 62 259|N. 42 16 W.|.14 527
February 250/ 80 32] 146] 180) 17) 43) 212/N. 4 34 W.|.16 480
Mareh 227 60 24) 195 207 38 52, 250|N. 34 49 W.|.09 527
April 227 76 25) 185 209 48 44 206|N. 7 35 E. |.07 510
May 218 42, 26} 200 283 27 57 201/S. 29 53 W.|.08 527
= June 218 19 16} 141 349 41 53 183/S. 35 7 W.|.14 510
gl July 223 31 20) 141 366 36 72 165|/S. 29 16 W.|.14 527
= | | August 294) 51| 31| 190] 345) 29) 56] 128/S. 13 14 . |.15 527
= 4|September| 268) 53) 21) 160) - 270| 36] 47| 165/N. 52 36 W.|.02 510
A October 250 78 21) 154 279 37 42 192|N. 53 52 W.).03 527
eS November 255 54 27) 132 217 40 60 236|N. 38 30 W.|.15 510
SI December 241 81 19, 118 231 59 80 295|N.56 53 W.).18 527
Spring 672) 178 75| 580 699] 113) 153 657|N. 49 41 W.}.03 1564
Summer 665} 101 67| 472) 1060} 106) 181 476|S. 16 55 W.|-13 1564 |
Autumn 773) 185 69| 446 766) 113) 149 593|N. 39 25 W.|.06 1547
Winter 728) 214 87} 409 636} 113) 185 696|N. 32 4 W.].14 1534
(| The year 2838] 678] 298] 1907; 3161) 445) 668) 2422)N.70 7 W. 048 6209
January 127.5} 52.3] 9.2] 30.3] 203.9] 52-8] 85.2) 182.8 Hl
f February 97.7| 64.1) 9.8] 22.2) 170.2) 47.8) 70.7) 195.5
March 1223] 47.4) 12.3] 28.4) 209.3) 37.8) 97.5) 189.0
April 109,7| 55-0) 13.5| 23.5) 219.7) 46.3) 65.6) 186.7
May 86.9] 40.3) 19.7] 50.7) 273.3) 50.5) 72.8) 149.8
¥ c June 67-8} 26.2) 16.4] 51.3] 289.5) 52.5) 52.0) 164.3
Pa July 84.5| 37.7) 17.3) 64.5] 289.2) 46.3) 57.7) 146.8
S August 85.8) 56.2 20.7) 55.5 243.7) 68.1) 65-7) 148.3
a { | September 98.3 48.2] 16.3) 51-0} 238.5} 52.4) 67.5) 147.8
October 97.8 43.2) 16.2] 44.8] 246.1] 45.2) 65.5) 185.2
S November| 83.0 48.8] 14.0} 26.4| 184.8) 64.0) 90.7) 208.3
S | | December | 118.0 50.0) 6-7} 18.7] 206.3) 50.0) 81.8) 212.5
Spring 318.9 142.7) 45.5|102.6| 702.3/134.6/235.9) 525.5|S. 76 33 W.|.22 | N. 18°R. |.01
Summer 238-1120.1) 54.4/171.3 822.4/166-9|175.4| 459.4|S. 40 52 W.|.25 |S. 22.E. |.14
Autumn 279.1 140.2) 46 .5/122.2| 669.4)161.6)223.7| 541.3/S. 77 19 W. .23 | N. 47 W.|.01
Winter 343.2 166.4) 25.7| 71.2) 580.4/150.6/237.7| 590.8|N. 76 2 W. -27 | N. 20 W.).13
' (| The year |1179.3 569.4172.1 467 .3/2774.5|/613.7/872.7/2117.0|S. 76 23 W.|}.22
( January 163 60 2 74 234) 155) 253 299|N. 88 42 W.|.40 | ......... ... | 620
February 142 25) 1 71 236| 120) 303 9321S. 80 38 W.|.41 4] ......... ... | 565
March 169 33 1 79 297; 104) 307 250)S. 74 11 W.).41 Waenses ifieee 1 O20
April 203 48 7 84 324 57| 229 GYAGNS= ft5) TL ViWol|s248) |] coaoceuns sco |} (OO)
< May 154 38 19) 123 354) 114) 224 DI4S. 61 25 W.)-31 || ......... ... | 620
2 | | June 104 35 22) 114 350} 150) 246 TWAS eA BBL \Wielisck) |] casseaces ... | 600
2 July 127 16 12 nel 393) 178] 286 151/S. 53 28 W.|.46 cedeeves |) ave) W620
Sp August 180 44 17 93 359) 150) 252 146/S. 58 13 W.|.33 Bene il coca O2ONR
a September] 159 34; 11 99 351) 122) 206 218|S. 63 23 W.}.32 | wc... ... | 600
eI October 192 34 11 81 333) 151) 238 200|S. 65 28 W.).36 eeacooaco || ooo. |) GRAD | |
re November 155 42 3 56 280) 102) 337 925|'S. 81 30 W.|.42 | ......... ... | 600 |
S December 242 40 4 45 248) 132) 273 256|N. 81 10 W.).41 paccecess |} con || GPA0)
a Spring 526) 119 27| 286 975| 275) 760 VALS, Wire BAD Vielesis |) cedogpecs ... {1840
Summer 411 95 51) 284) 1102] 478} 784) 476|S. 54 4 W.|.38 | ......... ... [1840
Autumn 506) 110 25) 236 964) 375) 781 643|S. 74 0 W.).35 onaceen || ee. |ftlti0)
Winter * 547| 125 7} 190 718| 407| 829 787|N. 87 57 W.|.40 sencanosn |) cca | MUO)
(| The year 1990} 449] 110) 996} 3759) 1535) 3154) 2619/58. 74 23 W.|.35 precanbe || coat eke)

328

(Nos. 221 to 224.)

Place of
| observation.
if
221. |
Watervileit }
l
"
222.
Kinder-
hook.
¢
—
223.
Salem. }
224,
[Cambridge. 4

Time of
the year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
January

| February

March
April

| May
| June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

| January

February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Eastern New York.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

| il sj : |
| 34 |32 28 ae)
/82| 9 ee ee ce | 58
a q 0 °c re : >
my |\22| B lnk! a las| & |aelo
396) 108} 48 273)1070) 377|1193| 813
314| 98) 51 238/1463) 480/1008) 471
475 102) 30, 197|1272) 382|1089) 603
532) 64) 19 108)1033] 410/1297) 999
425| 26, 7 24) 333) 30) 37| 172) ...
411} 21) 9) 25] 277) 24) 22) 171) ...
412| 13] 6) 44] 345] 31] 20] 183
387} 15] 20| 51| 363) 20) 19] 145
| 374) 20] 15] 58] 429] 36] 19] 103
346] 16] 26| 41] 454) 30) 15) 92
365; 11/ 8) 20) 446] 57| 23] 124
421; 5| 8] 31 457/ 37| 14] 81
412} 9) 9] 19) 437/ 32) 14) 88
469| 8] 8] 22) 415) 19} 25) 88
453] 19] 14} 17] 317] 32} 21| 147
502] 22) 18] 25) 311} 38] 18| 120
1173} 48] 41) 153/1137| 87) 58) 431
1132! 32) 42) 92/1357] 124) 52) 297
1334] 36] 31) 58/1169} 83] 60] 323
1338] 69] 34] '74) 921] 92) 77| 463
4977| 185| 148) 377/4584| 386) 247|1514
133| 77) 4| 41) 82) 174) 56) 53
95. 85 4 6| 66] 202} 40) 65
113; 119) 3} 8) 118) 136] 42) 81
$2| 114] 10} 18] 113] 166] 30] 67
96| 77} 14} 24) 130) 201) 38) 40
87) 51 4| 17) 100) 255) 47) 39
102} 54} 2} 11) 103) 289) 35; 24
77, 42; 0} 16) 90) 272) 57) 66
118) 73) 2) 10} 97) 195) 52) 53
140} 57! 0} 12) 108] 185} 62) 56
106) 49) 3) 5) 73) 212) 43) 109
140) 66] 5| 24) 102) 189) 27 67
291) 310} 27] 50} 361] 503] 110) 188
266| 147] 6] 88) 293] 816] 139] 129
364] 179] 5] 27) 278] 592) 157) 218
368| 231| 13] 71] 250) 565) 123) 185
1289] 867| 51| 192/1182/2476| 529) 720
924) 25| 4] 8] 203] 165] 103) 136
218} 24) 3] 10) 153} 160} 110) 112
237| 16] 2| 7 184) 174) 97) 152
231) 24) 3] 27) 158| 156) 124) 117
161} 29| 12) 21| 241) 170) 110] 124
146] 22} 10} 21) 187! 181) 142) 131
136) 23] 3] 17] 193] 220) 153) 123
147] 25] 10) 16) 225) 199) 133] 113
165| 29) 5} 19) 222) 157] 121) 129) ...
175| 38] 1) 38) 225] 134] 103] 154] ...
216] 30} 3] 12) 182) 140) 66] 191
933| 34] 1/ 11) 209] 141! 105] 134
629] 69| 17| 55) 583] 500; 331] 393
429} 70} 23) 54 605) 600, 428] 367] ...
556| 9'7| 9) 69) 629) 431! 290) 467] ...
675| 83] 8] 29| 565) 466 318] 382
2289| 319] 57) 207 2382/1997 1367/1609
| | |

Direction of
resultant,

47 28
65 22
) 56
10
53
46
58
38 46
17
43
37

46

48
5 16
45
38

mee et

31
53

99
2a

11
39
50
12
(tte; Al
81 30
45
49 6
aS:
34
bby Al
58
43
31
18
12
41
28
76 50
25
30
75 0
2 59
38
22
41
47
85 1
8 32
17

.
> SS
[es}

PAAR ARAALANDARAAAANAAAKO MARAE RARARAAAAAAAAPAAMAAAAM HMw th
I
i=)

75° 17/ W.

Niet

it W.|-

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

AOS |
W..

Monsoon
influences.
Direction.
o
oe
=
S
E

Number of days.

527
480
527
510
527
510
527
527
510
527
510
527
1564
1564
1547
1534
6209
310
283
310
300
310
300
310
310
300
310
300
310
920
920
910
903
3653
434
395
434
420
434
420
434
434
420
434
420
434
1288
1288
1274
1263
5113

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 329

(Nos. 225 to 227.) Eastern New York.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT Pornvts OF THE COMPASS, influences.

& E.

| Direction of

Place and Time of
resultant.

kind of the year.
observations.

Direction.

E. or be-
or be-
tween 8. & W.
variable.
to sum of winds.

tween N.
Ratio of resultant

N.

Ss. W.

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

Number of days.

aT fincas,
February
March
April

May
June
July
August
225. September
Granville. Omoner
|
L
f
|
|

» | tween 8S. & FE.

A

43/ W.!.2
w.|.1:
8 W.|.
W.|.2!

TO

He OF Or
GO we

eb 0
TO OR

op
=

ROONWH OB Oo

November
December 36
Spring ‘ HG 142
Summer j ; 2 y j } 74
Autumn j 4 2 56 | dys)
Winter 3 j é 155) 129
The year 4. 52| 2524 424) 480
Spring | 2 235) 132} 483
Summer E y E 260) 4 202) 295
Autumn i} 3] 293 116) 284
Winter é 34! 2% 276 193} 595
The year? ce e631 ceo ou eee 990 abe 0
Spring 29% if 5 33] 1653 957} 4021
Summer fe j 92) 1490 911) 1517
Autumn 3 | 1774] 2246] 632) 1680
Wiuter 4: j 36) 2187 1678) 4454
The year? oon oa. ||"o00 oo 008 e00 wes Bd
Spring : 3.694. .26| 7.03) 6. 7.25) 8.33
0 ABE | 5.73) 5.40) 4.51) 5.14

H
S

saeeN:

No. of
observat’ns.

miles.

No. of
DANNANANNANNMAMIAAANMM MMA A

|| Summer

Autumn ‘1 ; 13.96] 7.26 6.05 ‘ 5.45) 5.93
| Winter g 80/3. .38) 7.92) 5.72) 8.69] 7.49

Spring 0 3/2296 9074 8053] 7719
(| Summer B9: 1486) 3151)11041) 6 8248} 6019)
4) Autumn 4) 2245/1726 52) 9434 7724| 7378
| | Winter 7573| 2528/1831) 2 7641 fe 8254] 8666
{| The year |27504) 8899)7339)11759)/37190 31|32279/29782)
(| Spring 287| 264] 217) 330) 425 996} 1009
| | Summer 274) 316) 97| 245) 333 1284) 835
il
L

Stations in 1854, 55, 56 & 757.!
SSS SSE a
miles p.h’r.

2 A

Surface M’n vel. in

winds.

4p qs

Autumn 326] 396) 136} 260) 332) 12 1058) 1092
| Winter 249| 225) 143) 162) 387 2) 1050) 943

| The year? So sie allies ate mas ws B65 ca
Spring 7391| 2610/2513, 3385) 9499 9049) 8728
| Summer | 5967) 2096/1583) 3396)11374 9532) 6857
| Autumn | 7460) 2641/1862) 3312) 9766) 6664) 8782) 8470 |
| Winter 7822) 2753/1974] 2663) 8028 9304} 9609| 724.N.
The year |28640)10100 eee 38667/26872/36667 geal Ga:

vations at all stations.

2ueZ4 Zane
to)
aa

8
=
a
fo}
n
a
=
q
wm
2
3
m
as)
A
E
o
i>]
&
cI
s)
wm
co
i]
i]
~
Oo
3
°
ee
io}
~
oO
2Q
|
Ss
A
i>)
2
3
9)
| ©
=]
oD
bo" 5)
<q
x
in
ix

2preceding Motion
ene of clouds.

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn.| Winter. | The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 7.16 4.94 5.95 7.16

Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velovity i in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own Ste uee MEM,
as shown in the table above . a 6 : z 2. £ ; 2.27

Excess of the latter over the former -26 5 —.01

1.71 2.28

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

42 February, 1875. _

330

(Nos. 228 to 243.)
Observed as follows :—

lace of observation.

WIN DISsOe

THE GLOBE.

Southeastern New York.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
jength
of time.

Amenia,

Beaver Brook,

Beverly,

Blackwell’s Island,

Bloomingdale,

Central Park, N. Y. City,

Columbia College, “

Deaf and Dumb Institute,
New York City,

Fishkill,

Fishkill Landing,

Fordham,

Fort Columbus,
Fort Wood,
Glasco,

Goshen,

Kingston,

Liberty,
Montgomery,
Mount Pleasant,
Morrisania,

Newburg,

New York City,

New York, 92d Street,
New York, 127th Street,
North Salen,

Nyack,

Poughkeepsie,

Rhinebeck,
| Red Hook,
St. Francis Xavier’s College,
Sing Sing,
Stapleton,
Suffren,
Throg’s Neck,
West Point,
White Plains,

Alexander Winchell,
C. S. Woodward,
Thomas B. Arden,
W. W. Sanger, M.D.,
O. W. Morris,

Daniel Draper,

Prof. Charles A. Joy,
O. W. Morris,

William Harkness,

W. H. Denning,

Rev. John Aubier and Prof.
A. T. Monroe,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Farmers’ Hall,
Academy,

John Felt,

Academy,

Academy,

J. S. Gorton and Joseph
Zaepttel,

Academy and James H.
Gardiner,

Ww. C. Redfield and others,!

Academy and others,?

C. De la Verny,

Dutchess Academy, Prof. C.
B. Waring,

Mr. Platt,

Academy,

Rey. John M. Aubier,

C. F. Maurice,

Spencer L. Hillier,

James H. Warren,

F. M. Rogers & Mrs. E. Morris,

Post Surgeon,

mos.

te

bh
CON PRWRFN REESE

i
NS olen) oeooonancoce

Se)
o

accor - onow

wmaTOrRMNOwOoH

1849.

1854,

1854 to 1869 inclusive except 1860.

1856 and 1857.

1846.

1870--1872.

1865 to 1869 inclusive.

1844, 1846 to 1850, 1854, 1855, 1856
and 1861 to 1869 inclusive.

1853 to 1856 inclusive.

1856, 1857 and 1861 to 1866 inelusive.

1861 and 1862.

(1838.

1822 to 1859 inclusive except 1837 and

1832, 1835, 1837 and 1838.

1869.

1835 and 1838 to 1849 inclusive except
1843 and 1848.

1829 to 1843 and 1845 to 1849 both
inclusive, and 1869.

1856.

1828 to 1838 inclusive, 1840 and 1842.

1831 to 1844 inclusive except 1833 and

1856 to 1859 inclusive. (1836.

1828.1829, 1832to1849 and 1864 to1869
both inclusive except 1837 and 1841.

1833 to 1839 and 1854 to 1857 both in-

1861, ’62, 763, 68 and ’69. _—_ [clusive.

1869.

| 1829 to 1835 inclusive, 1838, 1840 to

1869. [1850 inclusive and 1856.

1829 to 1836 and 1841 to 1847 both
inclusive, and 1849.

1843. :

1830 to 1842 inclusive except 1838.

1864 to 1867 inclusive.

1850.

1867 and 1868.

1863.

1854, 1865 and 1866.

1827 to 1859 inclusive. [cember).

1835 (March, June, October and De-

RELATIVE PREVALEN

|

= OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place of
observation.

Time of the
year,

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
228. September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Goshen.

‘

INE or: Bes

2/1545] ¢

tween N.& E.
E. or be-

tween S. & E. |

S. W. or be-
tweenS.& W.

s.

207}

a
or Os
nO

121] 29) 34] 65| 172| 11

93] 68] 2 9} 193} 125
Glue 224] 118
98] 15] 3% 279) 100
101 | 43]. 97] 223] 100
133) I & 2) 161} 136!
BY) By 30, 200} 140
2) 156 ‘| 165) 150
163 j 170} 212
393) 125 3} 198) 541) 369)
275| 8 | 289] 726] 318
421) 66] 82] 165) 526) 42
456) 28 554| ~29
726 2347/1642

|

177; 159
179} 25) 231 176! 127

6
‘

tween N.&W.
variab

N. W. or be-
Calm or

RANNRRAALANANAANAA

6

| Be) =|

7

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

Number of days.

pists [SA \VG)| ce
81 36 W.! .<
65 18 W.|.
25 }
20
57
12
41

39
13
52
38
54

! Mr. Fisher and J. 8. Gibbons.

2 John T. Jenkins and Mrs. M. J. Lobdell.

SERIES

(Nos. 229 to 232.)

B.

ZONE 10.

LAT.

40°

TO 45°

Southeastern New York.— Continued.

N.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. qa influences,
: £2 | &
ie ale Were ee Z: |
Place of Time of 22 O48 Se) By ¢ | Direction of | 95 &
observation, the year. Be, aa BA aus 3 resultant. pal Direction. 5
a | a | Sat} Gi Se) |oa| ae of a | 2
6 [Ee] GEE) BBR) Bee ae ae Bales
2 |265]/ Alas] a |HE|E |ZEIoO ee Bm | &
f| January | 130| 207] 13] 321 108| 248) 175| 203 N. 69° 55/ W.|.31 . | 558 |
(bases 119] 218) 11) 37] 87] 197] 140] 209 N. 54 34 W.|.28 1 ses fl B3it@) |
March 88] 235] 22} 43) 147) 251) 130) 200 N. 55 13 W.|.26 558
April 106) 246) 23) 70} 172) 193) 109) 161 N. 72 17 W.).11 | 540
May 87} 220) 34) 95) 231) 216) 126) 107 S. 36 17 W.|-15 | 558
June 103) 139) 22) 87) 198) 306) 99) 126) ... |S. 50 13 W.!.2 540 |
July 55) 148) 31) 99) 222) 263) 127) 109) ... |S. 37 17 W.|.31 558 §
229. August 85) 164) 24) 128] 195) 296] 108) 116) ...-|S. 38 387 W.|.26 558
NesonE September] 113} 223) 36) 58) 162] 245) 127] 116 8. 81 21 W.}.14 540 §
ewours: | | October 98} 200) 20) 72) 129) 257] 161) 179 N. 89 31 W.|.24 558
November} 82} 215) 31) 55) 64! 268} 196) 169 N. 82 9 W.|.24 540 |
December | 162) 247 9} 29) 78] 289) 167) 185) ... |N. 52 9 W.|.31 558 |
Spring 281} 701} 79} 208] 550] 660] 365] 468] ... |S. 82° 44 W.|.14 1656
Summer 243) 451! 77) 314) 615) 865) 334) 351 8. 42 3 W.|.2 1656
Autumn 293) 638] 87] 185) 355) 770) 484) 464 N. 86 31 W.}.21 1638
Winter 411) 672) 33] 98] 273) 684) 482) 597 N. 59 14 W.|.28 1626
The year |1228)2462) 276) 805)1793)2979|1665|1880 8. 86 7 W.|.20 6576
anaes } The year 14; 71; 10) 33) 8| 73) 31| 65] 48 |N.58 52 W.?).15 20 395
dale.
(| Spring 393/1287 406|1016) 579)1149) 664/1986 N. 54 47 W.|.14
231. Summer 308] 977) 387/1011} 835/1612) 7'71|/1295 |S; do 9 W.!.18
Fort Autumn 553/1192) 468] 700} 498/1296| 953/1876 N. 59 40 W.|.21
Columbus. Winter 486/1300| 388} 398} 267|1116)1013/2451 |N. 47 14 W.).36
The year |1740)4756)1649)3125/2179)/5173/3401/7608 N. 64 58 W.}.194
s Ay | K pe WORE | a
. is = E 7) oe OH
esis ea | oe) eB ee ee Se
i=} Ba 2 ot cS o i 4 ° 2 oe ea ~
B/S a) Blo Bl eee Bs Sew ea es
h| aA] a] dl] eS 5 45 4 a fo) a A “2 a
o, N. E. quarter, , | leery | vA
g eC f including ont 67 | 583} 99 | 67 | 513 423| 214) 64 | 523] 55 61 66 1053) 216
ao “ |
Ble SECO, \ 14 | 163/ 33 | 373| 51) 75 | 38] 463] 392] 29| 34] 12] 426 | 127
ec | o |S. W. quarter, 9 }
& Bs including SeeThn 149 | 73 | 74 | 92 |128 | 120 | 1522 1033] 120 703| 813 853| 1249 382
- | 2 | N. W. quarter . ; -
& DR lL inoluding eet 743\1103) 90 | 883) 593) 57 663) 853 72 62 | 1143) 129 |10093) 275
Oo) a (N. E. quarter, A A -
2|¢ f ene Hon 2 oD AS 2 Tie Che Be Pts) 245) 20.) 121 |) 58
5 | 215. E. quarter ‘
mS Tecan ee } a A MO BO GR yaa ae a) yg) A
® | © 1S. W. quarter, 5 } ; 269
a &g | including sarein (154 53 {108 | 60 {102 | 125 81 SB} |) ale) 99 | 130 | 112 |1262 | 565
a | 3 | N. W. quarter. k
|S | including Saat 56 | 92 | 85 |122 |124 | 110 | 147 98 25 78 77 70 |1084 | 358

! During the years 1837 and 1838 the observations were made at Fort Wood, on Bedloe’s Island, some two |
miles distant.
? Observed by William C. Redfield. The monthly results are for the years 1838 and 1839 only.

332

(Nos. 233 to 236.)

observation.

1840 (Fisher).!

ee

Institute.?

234. New York City, Deaf and Dumb 233. New York City, 1831 to | Place of

235. Montgomery.

236. Poughkeepsie.

Time of
the year.

January
February
March
April
May
June

| July

August
September
October
November
December
The year
January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December

WINDS

OF

THE GLOBE.

Southeastern New York.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

North.

0.80
0.60
0.90
0.55
0.70
1.60
1.00
0.80
1.30
2.00
1.40
1.60
13.25

9.20
70.65
51

East.

-60
-80
-95
-50
-65
-20
20
10
1.50
40
40
1.00
7.30

H

i
NPNNOWNWae TN Bow 0

bo bo
rss

lor} e
me oOS

poe
Corn

32

1.20
1.40)
2.25
2.75
4.90
2.30
5.70
7.20
4.30
343))
.20
1.20
36.75
26 |
9

137
199
190
167
153
153
173
132
123
508
510
458
389
1865

AS
S38
7 Sn
c=] “a
Boles
n ns
115) 9.10
-40} 8.30
3.20] 9.10
2.60} 10.40
3.90] 7.60
4.60} 13.50
3.80} 10.90
2.40) 10.10
3.10} 9.15
2.25 8.10
Seta O76)
-90| 7.10
31.25/113.10
3 53
3 44
G 31
10 42
13 50
14 55
16 60
9 44
15 44
14 48
3 42
2 38
29 123
39 159
32 134
8 135
108 551
94 129
69 30
126 130
106 98
134 132
195 77
180 141
150 129
108 115
138 121
64 90
91 107
366 360
525 347
310 326
254 366
1455 | 1399
136 150
97 116
119 150
120 165
191 130
227 146
221 195
196 205
158 156
156 161
119 187
ily; 163
430 445
644 550
433 | 504
350 | 429
1857 | 1928

West.

2.10
1.20
1.80
1.45
3.80
3.90
3.70
2.20)
65
3.40
2.40
4.90
31.50
44
58
51
51
40
77

W. or be-
tween N & W.

N.

10.60
8.70
7.05
5.80
4.30

10
1.40
3.20
3.25
5.40
6.60
5.10

61-50

124
98
101
65

ALALARAAALAAD ND AAAA AD wh
(=r)
ao
o
=

PA nth tn
os
=
bo

PARADA
e
ies)
bo
w

:

Direction of
resultant.

N. 66° 58’ W.

N. 56 17
77 39
59 51
39 46
16
26 0
19 43
1 25

87 54

.

hth th fn th th fn
oo
[6]

ZB ZAAZ AAR AE Ae
¢ J
x
is
ts

AUT
He wo
ao
ws
a ord

U

a

wo

_
eos

.
oo
~~
bo
ao

.
co
=)

~)
ow

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

AZZ Dnnnnms

| Number of days.

wo
pay
o

283
310
300
310
300
310
310
300
310
300
310
3653
155
142
155
150
155
150
155
155
150
155
150
155
460
460
455
452
1827
403
368
403
390
403
390
403
403
390
403
390
403
1196
1196
/1183

- 1174

4749
496
451
496
480
496
480
496
496
480
496
480
496
1472
1472
1456
1443
5842

! The resultant for 19 years, 1822 to 1840, is S. 75° 26’ W. .20.
2 For the years 1844, 1846, 1848, 1849 and 1850 only.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 333

(Nos. 237 to 241(a).) Southeastern New York.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS oF THE Compass. 44 influences. ‘
ae i
a es = Fi Ss
Place of Time of BC) O38 ga S42} | Directionof | 25 %
observation. the year. BZ ou Bai ere mat) resultant, SA Direction. | a
aica (el 4 i Se : “g o8 a= & 5
% As] elas] SlES| BES) ee Zo Ble e
z\22| 8 |we| @lat| & lezIS 4 & | &
(| Spring 1591} 408) 132} 86811787) 553 457/1956] ... |N. 68° 32/ W.!.162
2377. | | Summer |1432) 335) 161) 854/2519) 820) 447|1384] ... |S. 43 34 W.!.18
West {| Autumn 1914] 373) 204) 664|1553) 724) 544/1810) ... |N. 56 34 W.).213
Point: | Winter 1755} 320} 101) 535)/1221) 657 586|2611 IN. 51 10 W.'.36
(| The year |6692)/1436) 598)/2921)/7080|2754)2034/7761 . |N. 70 3 W. .20
January 230} 83} 28] 37) 286) 16) 23) 41) ... |S. 89 15 E. |.07 20 on066 coo |] OS
February | 202) 62) 23) 26) 253) 27| 35) 48] ... |S. 17 27 W.|.10 339
March 213) 56) 15) 36) 301) 26) 41) 56 \N. 5 41 W.).26 372 |
April 236} 53} 30) 30) 249) 35) 41) 46 |N. 41 6 W.).02 360
May 171) 57) 25) 64) 266) 42) 49) 70] ... |S. 12 22 Ww.|.11 372
June 160) 60) 74) 55) 288; 31] 20) 32) ... |S. 30 51 E. |.20 360
July 162) 45) 40) 77) 336) 41) 21) 22 8. 16 7 E. |.30 - | 372
238 August 192) 61) 54) 60) 299) 22) 14] 49) ... ‘s. 41 6 &. |.17 | 372
Redhook September] 181) 47) 38) 92) 269) 27) 38 28) ... |N. 39 10 E. |.10 360
j ‘ October 253} 61} 30} 58) 269) 16) 30] 27| ... |S. 29 15 HE. |.08 372
November} 306) 48/ 9) 40) 203) 19) 35) 60) ... |N. 8 8 W.|.19 360 |
December | 277) 65] 35] 36] 205) 35) 33] 58] ... |N. 35 54 W.|.21 372 |
Spring 620} 166] 70) 130) 816) 103} 131) 172) ... |S. 69 14 W.|.02 -.. |1104
Summer 514) 166) 168) 192) 923) 94) 55) 96) ... |S. 28 33 H. |.22 ... {L104
Autumn 740) 156) 77} 190) 741) 62) 103} 115] ... |N. 82 26 &. |.04 ..- [1092
Winter 709) 210) 86) 99) 744) 78} 91) 147 a Nemo Omaly Heap . |1083
The year /2583] 698) 401] 611/3224) 337) 380) 530) ... |S. 36 59 E. |.06 . |4383 }
January 123) 67 7 33) 101) 90) 56) 267) ... \N. 53 26 W.|.38 | 372
February | 110) 77 6; 38) 130) 64 36) 217) ... IN. 51 55 W.|.26 | 339
March 119) 70) 17) 46) 171) 74) 40) 207) ... JN. 66 35 W.].21 372
April 88] 69) 23) 79) 141} 78) 37) 205; ... |N. 74 42 w.|.16 360
May 70) 67) 3 93] 199) 89) 26) 170) ... |S. 36 5 W.|.15 372
June 86} 38} 29) 95] 226) 108) 18] 120) ... |S. 24 29 w.|.26 | 360
July 84) 38] 13) 75) 230) 128] 35) 141) ... |S. 39 9 W.|.29 372
239. August 78) 54| 22) 113) 205] 99] 30] 143] ... |S. 27 32 w.|.44 372
Mount September} 143} 80} 20; 55) 126) 132) 29) 135) ... JN. 70 19 W.|.15 360
Pleasant. October 98] 67 8] §5) 122) 115) 27| 229) .. |N. 75. 55 W.|.22 372 |
November| 123) 95 9} 39} 79) 85) 47 243) ... IN. 41 51 W.|.36 360
December | 110, 62) 13) 53) 59) 97) 50 300 N. 67 5 W.|.35 372
Spring 277) 206) 70) 218] 511) 241 103, 582 5S. 89 45 W.|.14 1104 {|
Summer | 248) 130) 64] 283) 661) 335] 83) 404) ... |S. 27 51 W.|.24 1104
Autumn 364) 242) 37) 179] 327) 332) 103) 600) ... JN. 57 387 W.|.22 1092
Winter 343) 206] 26) 124) 290) 251) 142 784| ... |N- 51 33 W.|.36 1083 }
{| The year |1232) 784) 197) 804/1789/1159)' 431 2370] ... |N. 62 20 W.|.22 4383 |
January 75) 103} 60) 101} 70} 229) 141| 399) ... |N. 37 0 W.|.35 589
February | 47| 153) 42) 70) 44] 190) 174) 352) ... |N. 63 47 W.|.35 536
March 55/| 126] 53) 124) 102) 217 124) 377) .. |N. 77 51 W.|.28 589 |
April 65} 160) 70) 156} 108) 175) 119) 287) N. 75 42 W.|.14 SIA Tees ... -| 570 |
May 55} 150} 70) 229) 125] 230 113} 206) ... |S. 29 3 W.|.14 A ... | 089 |
June 44) 63] 44) 173] 153) 311) 144) 208] ... |S. 49 13 W.|.35 ... | 570 §
July 53) 85} 45) 159) 150) 359/ 130) 197| ... |S. 55 0 W.|.41 ... | 589
240. August 62) 113] 42) 206) 148) 280} 98) 299) ... |S. 45 24 W.|.23 589
North September] 83] 136] 63) 120] 117) 241) 128] 952) ... |S. 86 15 W.|.20 570 |
Salem. October 81} 111} 52) 152) 104) 267) 142; 269) ... |S. 80 0 W.|.26 589
November} 55} 150} 52) 107) 78) 221) 145) 334) ... |N. 75 20 W.|.27 570 §
December 80} 153] 57) 101) 74) 207) 151) 355 N. 71 48 W.|.29 589 §
‘Spring 175) 436] 193) 509) 335} 622) 356) 870 5. 86 14 W.|.17 1748
Summer 159] 261) 131) 538) 451) 950} 372) 634) ... |S. 48 13 W.|.30 1748 §
Autumn 219) 397) 167] 379) 299) 729) 415) 855| ... |N. 88 29 W.|.24 1729
Winter 202) 409) 159) 272) 188] 626) 466 1106) ... |N. 66 48 W.)}.33 1714
[| The year | 755 1503) 650/1698|1273)2927|1609/3465, ... |S. 85 6 W.|.24 6939
|
ieee } The year | 137) 73] 11) 61) 155] 138) 30) 155) ... |N. 77 51 W.|.15a] ......... ... | 365
menia. | |
241(a). ) i |
White The year 0 7| 10; 14) 12) 15 2) 10) ... |S. 26 14 B. |.163
Plains. J |

384 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 242 and 243.) Southeastern New York.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFEREN? POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place and Time of | 3F
kind of the year.

observations.

tween N. & E.
E. or be-
variable.

tween S. & E.

N. W. or be-
' tween N.& W.

N. E or be-_
Calm or

rey
a
C4
|
|

o

=
Spring 279| 644) 214| 641) 416] 798) 548] 1124]
Summer | 181) 457| 214] 659) 467) 839) 483) 528
Autumn 300) 508| 176] 484) 315) 708] 528] 822
Winter 230) 671| 101| 301| 155) 738| 586) 1184
The year? oa am ||eakebs | on saab litear oa
Spring 957|6341|1299|5990|3400) 5550 3398'10767) ...
Summer *ge4l1963 963]3201/1814| 4040/2255) 2501) ...
Autumn 1374 2642 3868|1376) 4100/3612) 5808) ...
Winter | 2686/4086 2703) 901] 4630/3903 10206}
The year? 55 3:0) ff So 9 a Ho a a3

a

No. of ob-
servations.

miles.

ee a ee

Spring . : : - 20
| Summer 3.78 46% a .86/3.88) 4.82/4.6

| Autumn 58 5 99/4. 16.84
Winter 1l. 68 6+ 09 5 .98|5. & 27) 6.66) 8.62
Spring 5081 7007(1782 5527/6636) 75325122) 9865)
| Summer | 4439 5057/1623 5925/8948] 9603) 4754| 6558)
Autumn 5610 5259/1290 4206/5466] 70614999) 8490)
Winter 5361 61451022 2912/4147) 6978 5813 10992)
The year? wes | cee | cee [ace | aoe moandltlese | oo
Spring 228 540) 331) 544) 318) 1833/2390} 1113
Summer 251! 446) 398 606) 379) 1954 2052, 685
Autumn 197| 343) 307 510) 368) 16491789) 980
Winter 201} 392) 222) 289) 205 1684, 2293| 1075
jeer ear’ilt ees) al ceil laeeer |e bene fees

) Spring §309 7547/2113 6071/6954 9365. 7512 10978) 2
Summer 4690 5503/2021 6531/9327 11557 6806, 7243
Autumn | 5807 5602/1597 4716/5834! 87106788) 9470) 2
Winter §562)/6537/1244 3201/4352) 8662 8106 12067
DUNS GW ood lulss |) con |) cos |] ac cr | Se ||) ieee

Stations in 1854, ’55, 56 & ’57.!

miles p.h’r.

=~ —

2preceding Motion of Surface M’n vel. in No. of
winds.

clouds.

vations at all stations.

A
Ss
=
=|
°o
n
=
=
|
n
=
a
nm
cs
a
E
i>)
o
&
~
5
re)
x
'
~
Oo
mR
2
©
ml
°
~
oo
-
q
5
|
oD
a
S
cs)
oD
cm]
to
an
<
5
on
=
re

combined.

—

“ 5 ao 89
PAANANMANMNAAr mA

- 83°
. 34
. 83
. 60
. 87
- 63
- 36
. 8
- 53
- 74

Direction of
resultant,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

3/W.}.

32
35
36
12

6
13
17
22

4

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

WwW
Ww
Ww
Ww. |
w.|.
Ww
WwW
w
Ww

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

AumEA wane

.

Spring.

Summer,

Winter. |The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . 8.30

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average sera
as shown in the table above . . 4 : .

Excess of the latter over the former.

4.55

-92

99

7.49 6.64

2.48 1.26

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ee

(No. 244.)

Years

observation.

Place of

j| January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
The year
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840.
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
l Total
| January
February
March
April
May
June
July
| | August”
September
October
November
December

55 stations, 360 years.

72 stations, 362 years.
Ne |

The year

SERIES B. ZONE 10.

State of New York (agg

DirrERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

regate previous to the year 1849),

GALA, 202) UNO) ABS IN, 330

2226
2982
2332
3601
2942,
2804
2806
2456
2526
1850
52614

(Nos. 245 to 248.)

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

Al cs

ob 3 o3
QoQ. rome

as nest he
Bie a “aE a
805 411 681 | 1738
750 400 6853) 15403
725 | .498 | 7654) 19244
10714] 626 | 7854) 16004
8694| 5363| 895 | 19964
651 430 826 | 1979
4821} 316 | 6614) 20164
777 | 3883) 7114| 1979
733 398 787 | 1854
759 | 439 | 8763] 21553
828 | 4904] 6854) 16214
876 | 452 | 648 | 16804
93274| 53854] 90084/22086
310 345 616 | 1240
641 623 876 | 1748
849 | 1061 | 1115 | 3584
1502 | 1110 | 1640 | 3784
1735 926 | 1457 | 4394
1417 890 | 1334 | 4333
1754 974 | 1802 | 5497
1794 869 | 2214 | 4381
2173 971 | 1845 | 4135
2158 | 1359 | 2317 | 5338
2043 | 1442 | 2324 | 3879
1614 | 1155 | 1862 | 4536
1810 855 | 1530 | 3449
2236 | 1029 | 1709 | 4332
2007 871 | 1970 | 4458
2200 | 103 1876 | 4949
2544 | 1254 | 2317 | 5502
2014 | 1171 | 2023 | 3752 |
2319 | 1064 | 1861 | 4475
1418 | 910 | 1535 | 3492 |
2021 587 | 1823 | 3537
1569 598 | 1367 | 3104 |

38128 |21101 |37413 |87899 |

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
eos influences.
£3

A= aE 4 Pe
Bes Oe Direction of | 25 |_. :
By) Se resultant. 38 | Direction,
at re) a Sn
ule albaee Be
we E Ze a
19384) 19764 . 87° 51/ W.|.33
1673 | 19304 187 6 W.|.33
1804 | 19234 . 82 55 W.|.31
15404] 16714 N. 82 41 W.|.22
1984) 1822 3S. 71 25 W.).28
2229 | 19852) 19461/S. 67 38LW.|.34
2775 | 22744 LS. 67 27 W.|.43
2308 | 1993 S. 76 21 W.|.33
2267 | 1915 20082|S. 72 30 W.).33
2231 | 1857 20784/S. 69 21 W.|.38
1887 | 2042 23193)S. 89 7 W./.31
2093 | 2187 23824 8S. 88 57 W.}.33
24730 |23578 | 26256. |S. 78 59 W.}-313
942 | 1273 1275 |S. 68 38 W.|.30
1828 | 2225 2634 |S. 86 15 W.}.313
3890 | 3312 3044 |S. 62 44 W.|.35
4805 | 4900 | 4816 |S. 76 25 W.).35
3586 | 3652 4204 |S. 79 43 W.|.27
44h8 | 4286 4445 |S. 76 42 W.|.353
4790 | 3937 4662 |S. 69 33 W.|.29
4571 | 4074 5020 |S. 74 50 W.|.29
4894 | 3960 4805 |S. 80 12 W.|.28
6784 | 6206 5785 |S. 72 53 W.|.334
3559 | 4283 4322 |S. 76 55 W.|.224
3553 | 4618 5587 |S. 85 2 W.|.29
4619 | 4116 5275 |S. 85 56 W.).33
5054 | 4190 5516 |S. 85 16 W.|.29
5010 | 4569 5867 |S. 80 7 W.|-32
4443 | 4598 5640 |S. 88 0 W.|.28
5567 | 5605 6483 |S. 79 29 W.|.30
5182 | 5966 5944 Ss. 87 34 W.|.34
4689 | 4819 5107 |S. 82 16 W.|.29
5815 | 4523 5344 |S. 81 21 W.|.37
4037 | 2978 4391 |S. 83 43 W.|.26
3764 | 2286 3733 |S. 77 1 W.|-27
95850 |90976 |103899 |S. 79 33 W.|.30
00 ooo .. |S. 87 51 W.|-33 |N. 46° W.) .06
S. 89 23 W.|-325|N. 16 W.| .07
S. 82 56 W.|.31 |N. 28 W.| .03
N. 82 59 W.|.22 |N. 423 EB. | .12
S. 71 12 W./.28 |S. 4 E. | .05
iS. 67 36 W.|-34 |S.
5S. 67 27 W 5.
‘ S. 76 21 W 5S.
> Ss. 72 28 W S.
0 S. 69 21 W Ss.
: Ss. 89 7 W N.
n S. 88 57 W N.
es Ss 7) ch WY 2

Northern and Central New J ersey.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

Belleville,
Bloomfield,
Burlington,
Cinnaminson,
Dover,
Lambertville,
Long Branch,
Middletown,

| Mount Holly,

Thor

How

nas B. Merrick,

Robert L. Cooke,
Prof. Adolph Frost and others,
William Parry,

ard Shriver,

Jacob 8. Gary & L. H. Parsons,
Arch. Alexander,
John F. Jenkins,

Morgan J. Rhees, M.D.,

aRONNWOMmMoF

mos.

1

0
5
8
6
5
6
0
2

1849.

1843, 1854 to 1858 inclusive, and 1862.
1842, 1854 to 1857 and 1863 to 1868, all
1860. [inclusive.
1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1849, 1858 and 1859.

1861, 1863 and 1865.

1831 to 1834 inelusive.

1861 to 1868.

336 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 245 to 248.) Northern and Central New Jersey.— Continued.

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. length of Date.

y's.
Newark, W. A. Whitehead, V4 1840 and 1856 to 1869 inclusive.
New Brunswick, | E. Allen & G. W. Thompson, 9 1860 to 1869 inclusive.

New Germantown, | Arthur B. Noll, 1 1868 and 1869.
Newton, Thomas Ryerson, M.D., 0 1862, 1868 and 1869.

Passaic Valley, William Brooks, 1 1863, 1864 and 1865.

Paterson, William Brooks, 4 j 1865 to 1869 inclusive. ~

Pomona Gardens, san Vacfesehieeceeertees 0 1860.

Progress, Thomas J. Beans, 1 1863, 1864 and 1865.

Readington, John Fleming, ( 1866 and 1867.

Riceville, Prof. L. Harper, r 3 1861.

Sargeantsville, John T. Sergeant, 1 1857.

Trenton, F. A. Ewing and E. R. Cook, 8 | 1842 to 1845 and 1865 to 1869, both inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Kind of Time of the
observations. year,

Direction of
resultant.

or be-

Direction.

E. or be-
tween S. & E.
tween S. & W.
tween N.& W.
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

S. Ww.
N. W. or be-
Calm or

Ss.

| Spring

| Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

76° 5’ W.|.

44 W.|.

9 W.|.

12 W.|.22
52 W.|.

Tt
|
2 OO
=)

Eas

clusive.

The year : 8} 167 315) 711

™m

W.|.

oe

1840 & 1842 to
“42 to 1845 in-

46 ine.

to
res
o

Middle- || The year 5E 9) 216
town.

2

Spring 123) 335) 94 5 116) 487
Summer 82) 222) 136 85) 606
Autumn 150} 299} 96 113] 581
Wiuter 118} 251] 85 80) 429
| The year? ese Bee lect 6a hres.
Spring 1330) 3967) 641 9.5) 1107/4481)
Summer 526) 1904) 631 4984115) 2511 ase
| Autumn 1188) 2579} 498) 893 3672) 2949/3069.5) -*
Wiuter 2585| 1219/2535 3409) 9800 6165)2332.3/1576.8
Mheyyear?:|/\ 0.5 || senile | hare es ake
Spring 10-81)11.82/6-82 , 9.54'9.20 12.51
Summer | 6.41) 8.58/4.64 .82) 5.86 6.79 .52| 7.64
| Autumn 7.92) 8.63/5.19 -93) 7. 5.32 at 9-05
| Winter 7.60| 7-01/5.43) 8.67 11. 29 9.03 P79) LLes83

Spring 1156) 2706/1399 ( 882 2811 f 408
| Summer 989) 1986/1306 355| 1079 4206] 2368] 2349) 500
Autumn 1269} 1991) 917 hi 756 2883 i 286| 462
Winter 1383] 2550] 802 504.2918) ¢ 377
The year? |... so. |) a5 eae
Spring Q24| 533] 353 | 229) 629
Summer 239} 348] 337 3) 248) 931
Autumn 199} 421) 257 223) 666
Wiuter 190} 431) 119 | 139 544
The year? | ... cea |] 08 Se aess
Spring 1380) 3239/1752) 1740) 1111 3440)
Summer | 1228 2334) 1643 38) 1327 5137
Autumn 1468 2412/1174 34) 979 3549
Winter 1573) 2981| 921 645 3462
The year? |... cco | oo +h 25

No. of ob-
servations.

MiAAANhIA

miles.
iA

ze
44aaaeaaq

A
a
|
o
a
Fe
oS
|
na
2
a
nN
ao]
a
E
ov
oS
s
=
5
a

<
=
8
Oo
ay
oS
ws
r
1
ea)
rc
q
ot
n
=|
S)
=
3
3
~
mn

miles p.h’r.

47.

2

Surface M’n vel. in No. of

winds.

ar beer

clouds.

N. 75° E. |,083
4\s. 14 E. V15$
4 /N. 623 W.!.02
N. 393 W. .15

48. Aggregate number of
observations at all stations.
——

9

2 preceding Motion of
444444444444444

combined.

—_—

' From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. .| Autumn, | Winter, | The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 5 10.22 fs 7.63
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that all winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 65 9 2.20
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds fro the
several points of the compass, each their own average velouys
as shown in the table above : d 5 5 “ : 21 |
Excess of the latter over the former . : - 4 : 3 4. 2E 02 Et 0a

2 Computed from waite icine for the seasons.

(Nos. 249 to 252.)

; Place of observation.

SERIES B.

By whom observed.

ZONE 10.

Aggregate

LAT. 40°

length of

time,

TO 45° N. 337

Northern Vermont.

} Barnet,
i Brookfield,
Burlington,

Calais,
Charlotte,
Craftsbury,
Ferrisburgh,
Lunenburg,
Middlebury,
Montpelier,
Newbury,
Newport,

Saint Johnsbury,

Shelburne,

B. F. Eaton, M.D.,
T. F. Pollard,
Zadok Thompson & McK. Petty,

James K. Tobey,
D. Underwood & M. E.- Wing,
C. A. J. Marsh & Jas. A. Gees

Hiram. A. “Cutting,

W. H. Parker and H. A. Sheldon,
D. P. Thompson and M. M. Marsh,
David Johuson,

J. M. Currier,

J. K. Colby & J. P. & F. Fairbanks,
George Bliss

mos.

OPM OOCMIMWOM

| 1866, 1867 and 1869.

1863.

1828, 1832, 1833, 1836 to 1850 inclusive,
1854, 1855, 1856 and 1861, 1862 and
1863.

1861, 1862 and 1863.

1868 and 1869.

1854 to 1869 inclusive.

1869.

1859 to 1869 inclusive.

1849, 1852 and 1864 to 1869 inclusive.

1849 and 1863.

1823 to 1849 inclusive.

1869.

1854 to 1857 inclusive.

1856 and 1857

Place and
kind of

observations.

Burlington.

No. of ob-
servations.

miles.

1854, 1855, 1856 and 1857.1
No. of

ian Stations, in the years

in miles
per hour.

251. Surface winds at Smithson-
M’n vel.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

|

Time of the |
year.

S. E. or be-
tweenS & E.

South.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn |1754
Winter (1527
The year? |... | :-- |---| --. || ---
Spring \5.69)7.45/6.28 5.87,7.27
Summer 4. 00)5.88]3.545.32/6.15
Autumn (4.38 .47/4.02,7.14
Winter (4.30/¢ .65.6.09 8.16
| |

2238/2206
2012840
234/2319
25112139
924 9504
50/1885
46 1834
44/1627
82 1422

2018
1626
1618
1738
7000,
2037
1654
1998
2083

138
124
147
303
712

99) 814
| 97/1186
| 131|1032
81) 645

536)
343)
400
355)
| 5815919
| 516
526
493

13049
1372
7372
5226

S. W. or be-

i

tween 8S. & W.

=I 09
oS

(7292/15.

| 2702
| 2702
9.79
| 7.18

10.39
13.31

N. W. or be--

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

tween N.& W.

. 80°31 w.|.
39 W.|.
12 W.).134
52 W.|.
3 35 W.!.
30 W.|.12
31 W.|.
29 W.!.154
54 W.|.214|
49 W.|.15
14 W.|.130 N, 22° R. | .
48 W.|.3388. 12 W.|.
47 W.|.2518. 3 W.|
2 41 W.|.192/N. 9 W.|.
24 W.|.217|
11 W.|.199|N. 26 E.
44 W.!.403/S. 74E. |.
9 W.|.324'S. 30 W.|.
0 W.|.349|N. 48 W.|.
6 W.|.299

AAANnAn Mn nA

TAR Ath th a aT oT

! From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring.

. | Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

7.42

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that all winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average eg
as shown in the table above . c . 2

Excess of the latter over the former. C . 5

7.23 8.40

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

43. February, 1875.

338

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No, 252.) Northern Vermont.— Coniinued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ta | influences.
=s
Aj i iE a= : ae
Kind of Time of oa oy 23 Sa | | Directionof|}S5|
observations. | the year. LZ a5 By Sz 23 resultant. sé Directicn.
alca 5 og a iI * ea) on as o
Ree elias | a la | eee eS es
( ( Spring 6044 1140) 610) 1041 7216|1738 2666) 4011] 246)N. 83° 42’ W.).183
ae Sa Summer 4688) 780) 454) 801) 8376/2709) 2876) 3145) 312/S. 58 37 W.|.263
og €c Autumn [52421 932) 461) 835) 7496/2124) 2712) 3331) 202'S. 74 40 W.|.213
53 #5 Winter 5666/1094) 537| 862) 65921747) 2581) 3430) 209 N. 84 21 W.|.19
as The) year! |= 1|he-oill| cscul|) oxconl| eset ke sSattssoell Neca esenl Oe SEc ume eZOS
Bo a Spring 696| 178] 126} 202} 798) 419 991) 861 |N. 82 39 W.|.35
a3 acs Summer 559| 181) 119} 161) 826) 680 1275) 1005) ... |S. 89 22 W.|.44
23 28 | Autumn 785) 176] 157} 131} 952) 552 1216) 860) ... |N. 87 26 W.|.38
ae ike Winter 537) 106; 88 94| 724 384 898) 711) ... |N. 87 48 W.|.39
bp. © iiDheryear! seen) peccalliene ertallitess 56 500 | o02 .. [N. 87 21 W.|.39
as ee Spring |6740/1318) 736) 1243) 80142157 3657) 4872 246)/N. 83 23 W.|.30 |N. 283° W.|.083
ce 7s Summer (|5247) 861 573] 962) 9202/3389 4151) 3150) 312\S. 58 45 W.|.32 |S. 63 W.|.13
s a 3:3 {| Autumn |6027/1108) 618} 966) 8448 2676 3928) 4191) 202)S. 79 26 W.|.24 |S. 1 E. |.02
ag]? g || Winter 6203/1200) 625} 956) 7316/2131) 3479) 4141) 209/N. 85 13 W.).22 |N. 35 E. |.07
FERS (UUM EM ||! cos co tl cas || cae || oe | “ik | Tiles | es (ES Gl Rea
1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
(Nos. 253 to 256.) Southern Vermont.

Observed as

Place of observation. By whom observed.

follows :—

Aggregate
length
of time.

Benuington,
Brandon,
Brattleboro,
Castleton,
Fayetteville,
Grafton,
Hartford,
Norwich,
Randolph,
Rupert,
Rutland,
Springfiold,
Woodstock,
Wilmington,

mos.
Mr. Hunt, 4 1843. :

D. and H. Bucklard, | 1854 to 1869 inclusive.

Charles C. Frost, 1850.

D. Underwood & Rey. R. G. Williams, 1854, 1855 and 1869.

Gen. Martin Field, 1826 to 1832 inclusive.

Mr. Putnam, ( 1843.

B. F. Eaton, | July, 1869.

A. Jackman, 1856 and 1857.

Charles L. Paine, 1851 and 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
Joseph Parker, t 1857, 1858 and 1860 to 1863 inclusive.
S. O. Mead and others, 0 1789, 1863 and 1864.

Rev. J. W. Chickering, ‘ 1860 to 1863 inclusive.

Charles Marsh and others,! 1857, 1868 and 1869.

Rey. John B. Perry, June, 1866. é

Place of T
fobservation.

253.

Rutland.

|s
254. { S

ville.

| The year é 16} 76) 272)

| Winter 3 11} 15) 78 2) 205

Fayette- | Autumn 5 25) 21) 116
The year | 15: 98| 101| 377| 424 370| 763

RELATIVS PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Directicn of
resultant.

ime of the

year. Direction.

EE. or be
tween N. & E.
tween 8, & E.
tween 8. & W.
tween N.& W.
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

N. E.

S. E. or be-

S. W. or be-
N. W. or be-
Calm or

bo
on
2)
wo
rss

pring 5 27) 32) 71
ummer B 35| 338] 112

bee
= Ot CO
ori |
He Oo G2 DO
co Co bo Go
te tynt—

o
On

1 Lester A. Miller and H. Doten.

STH 1 TTBS) 1835 7 ACP IN 18) De Wb NAS ET) ZA BS Ny 309

(Nos. 255 and 256.) Southern Vermont.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Ikind of Time of

Direction of
observations. the year.

resultant.

or be-

Direction,

variable.
tosum of winds.

alm or

WwW.
tween 8S. & W.

tween N. & E.
tween 8S. & BE.
tween N. & W.
Ratio of resultant

S. E. or be-
ac

Ss.

i7| Spring
Summer
Autumn

. 89° 50/ W.|.
25 44
598 21
82 20
60 7
- 86 20
25 11
57 59
AT 32
55 38

pan
is
is

174
75
86

Winter j j 24) 145) 113

The year?

|
| Saris ase 60 oD6 <r 500 fase nena

>)
ran
co
aS

i)
ww
forme)
Amn min ms
e
i=)
or

observat’ns.

Summer 94 22) 394 |
Autumn i 5 )6|1887/1é 03/1192
Winter 2308] 75¢ 1185
The year’ | ... 668 00 co. |) on :

A

tn nth

Spring 4.78/15. 74/17. 6 p -19/6.15)5.48
|| Summer /4. 2.50) 2. -9913.30)4. 3.31

Autumn ‘ 6.50 |4.6
Winter A 5.37

Stations in 1854, 55, °56 & °57.1

miles p.h’r.

| Spring 534 : 1417
eSummer : 273 661)1590
Autumn 4) 358 5 )1562
Winter 452 1417
The year?

375 209 7 20 260

>)

Surface M’n vel. in No. of

Summer 238 236
Autumn 192 y 262
Winter 0 140 134
The year? | ... bee 200 coc |} 00 ooo. |}200
Spring b 743) 327 1677 1759 1507 2600
Summer 3] 511) 258 1826)1659) 1340) 2242
Autumn 550) 250 )1824/1752,1214 2282,
Winter c 592) 273 |1551)1625/1355 2393
The year? | ... 200 oon wes [cee [vee | aoe | oes

servations at all stations.

a
a
&
a
o
n
aq
=)
=
|
n
Sand
e
mn
ro}
q
i
E
o
o
=
ol
S
n
Rey
ten)
a
S
et
o
m
oO
2
a
5
A
D
&
&
oo
vo
tol
on
ios)
<q
Rs)
ad
q

ee of clouds.
Ne Done
AANRRAAAAAALAP MA

Ss ie

2preceding Motion

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn.) Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 6.01 3.49
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that all winds
from every point of the Sea move with the foregoing
average velocity - UeHal
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average veloc
as shown in the table above . 5 : 6 -62
Excess of the latter over the former . =

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 257 to 260.) Western Massachusetts.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. length Date.
of time.
yrs. mos,

Amherst, Prof. E. 5. Snell, LL.D., 20 11 1837 to 1841, 1843, 1854 to 1859 and 1861 to 1869,
Baldwinsville, Rey. HE. Dewhurst, 7, TNC) 1862 to 1865 inclusive. [all inclusive.
Cabotville, Mr. Huntington, 0 3 1843.
Florida, L. F, Whitcomb, 4 0 | 1857 to 1861 inclusive.
Hinsdale, Rev. E. Dewhurst, 1 6 { 1868 and 1869.
Northampton, Mr. Plant, 0 4 | 1843 and 1845.
Pittsfield, sa.06 000 Od apg doaeng068 0 2 | 1853.
Richmond, William Bacon, 12 0 1854 to 1858 and 1860 to 1869, both inclusive.
Southwick, Amasa Holcomb, 2 7 ee to 1857 inclusive.
Springfield, Lucius C. Allin, 2 4 854, 1855 and 1856.
Westfield, Rev. Dr. Emerson Davis, 9 4 1855 to 1859 and 1861 to 1866, both inclusive.
West Stockbridge, poo ego pac nocaunQNeORAOAS 0 1 | 1855.
Williamstown, Prof. C. Dewey and others,!) 31 5 | 1816 to 1834, 1852, 1855 to 1858 and 1861 to 1869,

| {all inclusive.

1 Ebenezer Kellogg, the author, and other officers and students of Williams College.

340 WINDS OF THE GLOBE

(Nos. 257 to 260.) Western Massachusetts.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ea influences,
: £2|———__| ¢
m e - LE a 3
Place and Time of the 34 38 S32 223 g| Directionof |2o} 5
kind of year. RZ oO an Be | resultant. « g | Direction. 5,
observations. a om SA) <i © a ep || oS | S a
2 /H8!] @ [48] 5 iBS| & | Es | ge Ze £| g
z|25| a lms] a [ie] & | ze ld a & | B
| Spring | 57) 59) 176) 697) 782) 303) 216) 2198 N. 82°40/ W.|.29
257. Summer 76| 58} 116] 648) 951) 454) 217) 2189] ... |N. 61 10 W.|.36
Williams- Autumn 80} 66]. 142) 651) 704) 440) 313) 2073) ... |N. 85 21 W.|.323
town. Winter ~ 59) _ 32] 153] 653) 593) 297) 304) 2529) ... IN. 70 2 W.|.38
The year | 272) 215) 587/2649/3030|1494| 1050) 8989) ... |N. 82 1 W.).323
| January 1) b) 4| 66} 22) 24 24) 171) N. 69 42 W.).36 | N. 53° W.|.06 | 155
February 6 8 2) 60) 15) 28) 10) 156 N. 63 34 W.|.35 | N.12 E. |.06 | 141
March 4 4 1; 59} 11) 29 10} 185 N. 53 39 W.|.41 | N.15 W./.17 | 155
April 10/ 16 4) 66) 11) 30 8} 163 N.55 2 W.|.33 | N.16 E.!.11 {| 150
May 6} 30 1/3 HE 7 | GO eee | enlele7) N. 85 9 W.|.22 |S. 33 KE. |.10 | 155
June a) wel 0} 77| 29) 56} 10) 118 S. 67 5 W.|.22 |S. 22 E. |.20 | 150
July 4 4 1} 64) 21) 88 13) 118 S. 70 47 W.|.37 |S. 18 W.|.23 | 155
258. | August 8} 20 3} 66) 15) 72 7} 125 5. 88 34 W.}.26 |S. 5 E.|.10 | 155
Amherst, | September] 14) 16 6} 78) 28) 43) 13) 109 S. 76 54 W.|.16 |S. 47 E. |.19 | 150
1537 to1841. | | October 10 9 4| 67} 16| 52} 11] 144 N. 78 53 W.|.30 | 5. 53 W.|.05 | 155
November; 13) 18 2} 51 8| 41 6| 167 N. 55 19 W.|.41 | N. 20 W.).16 | 150
December 9 17 0} 47) 7 38! 14 174 N.57 2 W.|.47 | N.°34 W.).21 | 155
Spring 20; 50} 122) 188) 39) 119} 36] 465 N. 64 30 W.). eee --- | 460
Summer 19} 41 4; 207) 65] 210} 30]/- 361} ... |S. 77 27 W.|. 460
| Autumn 37| 43! 12) 196) 52) 136) 30) 420) ... IN. 77 13 W.|.< 455
Winter 16 30 6| 173] 44) 90} 48) 501} ... |N. 62 57 W.|.: 451
The year 92) 164) 34) 764] 200) 555) 144) 1747 N. 73 13 W.|.< 1826
a-. ¢ 1 a (| Spring 235| 552) 88) 530) 276] 666) 291) 1556 INS#D Oo] GW alle
ES (2 3 | | Summer 138} 180 87| 576) 326) 891) 239) 903 8S. 62 35 W.|.
% 3 | 634) Autumn | 164) 225 98| 605} 251) 769] 227] 1348 N. 87 2 W.!.
Gal | Pale Winter 209) 404) 81) 542) 184) 612) 313) 1705 N. 55 43 W.|.
ge |a2 [ The year? | ... es Se |eeerpal haces ite * N. 78 15 W.|.
wa (| Spring 1603) 6911) 663)/4571)2344'5865) 307319651] ... |N. 49 9 W.|.
ei}... |{|Summer | 642) 1105) 659)4291/2074|6020| 1734) 6648] ... |S. 62 28 W.|.
oes 224)! Autumn | 915) 1806) 721 5480|2035'7161| 2304/12759| ... |N. 88 41 W.|.
AS 2A |) Winter (1624) 4289 pad ieee 1490)4846) 4064)21618 N. 52 26 W.|.
ae || The year? | ... 208 693 Ne soa |) aon cee oe N. 67 54 W.
Sia Be Spring 6.82/ 12.52) 7.53) 8.62) 8.49| 8.81] 10.55) 12.63
saia 4, {| Summer 4.65) 6.14) 7.57) 7.45) 6.36) 6.76) 7.26) 7.36
ae | ea Autumn [5.58) 8.03) 7.36) 9.06/8.11/9.31/10.15| 9.47
eae a3 | Winter |7.77| 10.64 14.94 8.89 8.10, 9.46) 12.98) 12.68
| Spring 918| 1970; 896 3208)1669,2577} 2026) 9109] 417/N. 63 15 W.|.28 | N. 40 E. |.06
oh salou Summer | 734! 977) 813'3387/2165 4276) 2443) 6896) 537|/S. 78 51 W.|.30 |S. 2} W.|.14
OE eo Autumn | 878} 1086) 769/3118)1583 2874) 2078) 8198) 537|\N. 75 15 W.|.30 |S. 47 W.|.004
2 S| EE | Winter 939} 1400) 763/2967)1342 2490) 2454) 9780) 495|N. 63 6 W.).36 | N.19 W.|.09
| 8 The year? | ... oe era ee |W cra nore an ... | .. [N. 74 59 W.|.30
BA a” {| Spring 174| 830) 94) 637) 187/1302| 760) 2098 N. 71 20 W.|.35 | N. 42 KE. |.10
o* | 2% || Summer | 190; 409) 78) 506) 296/1682) 1074| 1289 S. 79 32 W.|.45 |S. 173 W.|.14
ea450 Autumn | 138} 334) 105) 489) 158/1188) 695| 1589 N. 85 32 W.|.42 |S. 45 W.).02
2 2 = iS Winter 99} 499) 55) 518) 174)1052) 743) 2099 N. 73 28 W.|.44 | N. 143 W.|.08
=. ° [ The year? | ... oe so |} a5. || peee All) Aes 50) w» | oe [N. 83 22 W.! 403
22 se Spring (1092) 2800} 990)3845|1856/3879| 2786)11207| 417|N. 60 36 W.|.31 | N. 31 E. |.08
_.& | 2 ||Summer | 924) 1386] 891] 3893)2461/5958) 3517) 8185| 537/S. 78 57 W.|.33 |S. 4 W.|.14
S2| $24 autumn [1016] 1420) 874/3607/1741/4062) 2773 9787| 537/N. 77 41 W.|.323| S. 17 W.|.02
MS. | AE Winter (1038) 1899) 818)/3485)1516 3542) 3197/11879) 495|N. 65 37 W.|.374| N. 184 W.|.09
USS Rau cee |lmce ill Mecael| ad || cre Ilced Il cea I) ec | das Il oeRG YG By VivolLey

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. | Winter. | The year,

6.94 | 9.00 | 12.13 | 9.48

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour ; 10.65
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that all winds
from every point of the comree move with the foregoing
average velocity . 2.80 1.86 2.30 3.55 Pri
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . : 5 : 5 ; =|), 3:64
aces of the lathes over ths foriner . 5 : 5 F - | +.84

4.45 2.84
+.90 +.47

Do.

1.8
+.0

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SIGIR IIIS 135 ZAIN 1B) WO, NT AMS MNO) 762 Inf, 341
(Nos. 261 to 267.) Connecticut.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate
Place of observation, By whom observed. pone Date.
. yrs. mos
Brookfield, Sanford W. Roe, 1 2 1868 and 1869.
Canton, Jarvis Case, 1 7 1861, 1862 and 1863.
Colebrook, Miss C. Rockwill, 8 9 1860 to 1869 inclusive.
Columbia, W. G. Yeomans, 11 8 1857, 1858 and 1860 to 1869 inclusive.
Fort Trumbull, Post Surgeon, 14 #10 1827, 1828, 1831 to 1835, 1843 to 1845 and 1849
to 1853 all inclusive.
Georgetown, Aaron B. Hull, @ aul 1856.
Groton, Rev. EH. Dewhurst, 2 3 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Hartford, Charles H. Hoadley, 0 1 1850.
Hampton, 699 11 0 1840 to 1850 inclusive.
Litchfield, J. L. Hendrich, 3 0 1849, 1850 and 1851. !
Middletown, Prof. Augustus W. Smith, | 13 4 1834, 1835, 1836, 1843 and 1859 to 1869 inclusive.
New Haven, Connecticut Academy and 5 2 1804, 1811 to 1813 and 1862 to 1864 both in-
others,! clusive.
New London, Rey. Tryon Edwards, 3 9 1854 to 1857 inclusive.
North Colebrook, | M. H. Cobb, 0 3 1849.
Norwalk, be& nob 9ou.do0.n00. 606005 0 1 1856.
Norwich, N. Scholfield, i io) 1856 and 1857.
Plymouth, Dwight W. Learned, 2 0 1862, 1863 and 1864.
Pomfret, Rev. Daniel Hunt, 14 3 1854 to 1869 except 1860.
Salisbury, Dr. Ovid Plumb, 2 0 1844 and 1845.
Saybrook, James Rankin, 7 1 1854 to 1861 inclusive.
Stafford, Mr. Linsley, 0 1 1843.
Wallingford, Benjamin F. Harrison, 6 4 1856 to 1862 inclusive.
Waterbury, Rey. R. G. Williams, 2 4 1867, 1868 and 1869.
West Cornwall, T. S. Gold, 1 0 1854.
Windsor, R. H. Phelps, 0 3 1850.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE oF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. = influences. :
5 £8 a
A el wel IGE! Fig é
Place of Time of gs O38 32 28 & Direction os a
observation, the year. \ ae eA Ey Seine of resultant. |. ) Direction. rs
> | © 5 5 2 % oe og 5 oO
2 ia8|¢las| = les| # |ES|ee ge || El
Bjee| a /oe| 6 ire] & |e ie 28 8| 5
AZ |\42| 8 |as| ma lot) & Ae|o fe Bl &
By: \ The year |1122) 202) 160) 690) 725! 260) 100) 395) No BES” 7 TRALOB ]* ceecaciead 731
; (| Spring 52| 45) 59) 40) 45) 71) 88/ 113 N. 67 52 W.|.2] 276
262. Summer 47) 38) 68) 46) 57| 135) 102) 95) 8. 72 15 W.|.244 276
Litchfield. Autumn 68] 35) 46) 45) 54) 88) 88) 91) |N. 85 23 W. 22 273
Winter 52! 22) 43) 25) 40) 90) 96) 88] ... IN. 86 41 W.|.32 270
The year? | ... 603. Il: a6} cogs |)" ea55 |) vood" Il ead? N. 81 32 W.|.234 1095
263.
New The year | 449) 582) 96) 484) 320) 593) 309)1253) N. 65 7 W.|.244 1462
Haven. |
(| Jannary | 107) 221) 25) 78) 37) 140) 132) 455
February | 94) 142) 33) 84) 27) 162) 124) 424
March 98] 153) 22) 89] 54) 206) 120) 462
April 87| 234) 52) 126] 68) 214) 100) 281
May 63] 192) 40) 184) 83) 309) 92) 229
June 39) 112) 19) 75) 80) 456) 78] 189
July 61} 149} 11] 116} 101) 446) 120] 185
264. August 68) 228] 24) 156) 93) 425) 51) 15
Fort September] 117) 231) 40) 109) 67| 294) 76) 220
Trumbull. October 107) 213} 37) 82) 45) 218) 94) 274
November| 121! 164) 26) 61) 36) 135 144) 348
December | 134! 212) 33) 30) 21) 130) 137) 369
Spring 248) 5791 114) 399, 205) 729; 312) 972 ... JN. 64 15 W.!.22
f Summer | 168} 489) 54) 347) 274)1327) 249) 531) ... |S. 58 13 W.).31}
Autumn | 345) 608! 103) 252) 148) 647; 314) 842) ... |N. 48 11 W.|.27
| Winter 335) 575) 91) 192) 85) 432) 3931246] ... |N. 40 48 W.|.43
| . TNA: FEBS | coo | soca! Ie aos doe || cb | cen sess |} sae . |N. 65 12 W.!.26
Spring 32) 219) 15) 28 26) 243) 140) 305 |N. 61 19 W.|.38
265 Summer 32) 165) 19) 14 22) 362) 134) 265) ... |N. 83 38 W.|.43
isan ton Autumn 47| 210) 17) 22) 21) 209) 133) 322 \N. 53 54 W.|.41
P Winter 26| 204; 12) 17) 13) 177) 171) 368) ... |N. 54 10 W.}.484
The year | 137) 798} 63] 81) 82) 991 SE ee |N. 63 8 W.|.413
{

1H. G. Dubois, Jr., D. C. Leavenworth and Prof. E. Cutler.

2 Computed from observations recorded from 32 points of the compass.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

342

(Nos. 265(a) to 267.)

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Connecticut.— Continued.

"9
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. +
a
Place and Time of “ } esx | . = E .: | Direction of | Fe
kind of the year. 3 A A | g is 5 f a Z . |. | Be) resultant. | $<
observations. z PAW etieca West oa aah) petal ce || tesla eae = ee Ss
° : : cs : ee Pe : a7 = . . SE
Bi | | | Rea) rk a Re eae le gz
| | |
( January 8543 5453/1583) 183) 33) 5 | 463) 173) 2272/3881 |336 54 |136))/2193)3345/3505 N. 30° 307 W. .38
| February 6434) 3914 223 | 34 | 473/20 | 703) 664) 1924/21] |220 |68 |1914)124 |5063|244 |N. 32 24 W.| .36
March 665 |171 1283) 52 | 304/314/103 | 95 | 3654)2763/2303/633/169 |206 |6563/476 |N. 45 12 W.| .36
| f pril | 5383/349 1844) 88 | 864/2941603/150 | 4033/307 |1703 32 |1644/163 |4884/285 |N. 33 42 W.) .23
May | 503/289 |273 |112 | 734/254|184 |207 | 737 |372 |153 |44 | 90 | 92 |3034|1503|S. 17 0 W.| .18
265(a). June 3784 266 |113 | 33 | 38 |16 |1363| 97 | 717 |522 | 743) 4 | 602) 65 |3203)229 |S. 47 42 W.| .17
Walling- {| July 4381/1853] 894] 31 | 853/12 |1053/1042/10982 455 |250 |25 1114) 803/386 | 99 |S. 34 12 W.}) .27
ford. August 731 [2343/2283] 50 (1164/17 |251 |108 | 577 |4133)/399 |30 |1073) 294/3843| 54 |S. 72 54 W.| .18
September 67831145 210 | 20 | 59 |11 |1233 84 | 6163/539 |189 (32 190 | 77 |465 |1603|N. 85 48 W.) .22
October 9664195 |1963| 7 | 763/22 | 96 | 73 | 3953345 |251 |74 |1703/115 |515 |220 |N. 39 24 W.| .30
November| 725 |120 |131 | 16 |1114/14 | 88 | 843! 261 |2373/306 (50 [3563/1133/6493/3343|N. 49 12 W.| .39
December |11063)1263/1643/ 343) 42 |11 | 614| 213) 2603/297 |241 |75 |2533 nasal 365 N. 35 12 W.| .44
The year! ED eeceoel| eEcae | Neeoe ||) cochall ass l| Veeomn| [fags ber a] Miecees | Wnseena ronal areca | Uae : -- IN.50 Wie
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Monsoon
POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ea influences.
Sig
a a z - Be
22 o3 5 548 3 | Direction of 23
a | an Eu be | aS resultant. Se Direction.
A Sei 4 | 6% =| Fa (ae al ar Se oR 3
eames a SSM ee es Bs 5
2 |28| Aa [as | a }He | F | as lo 3 cs
Aa (aa Spring 333} 628) 184) 421 440) 976) 390) 1191 ING el Mie 209 | N. 65° E. | .03
acs || 2S Summer 231) 562) 199) 505) 654) 1355) 361) 715) ... | S. 46 13 W. 243 | 5.17 E. 20
ol ere Autumn | 405) 567 158 404) 304) 1235) 379) 1206) ... | N. 81 32 W. 256 | N. 60 W. | .02
a 2é [ Winter 386} 523) 150; 280] 194) 708) 505] 1484 N. 55 41 W. | -360 | N. 20 W. | .18
Bo 2 || The year? |... Frsaallt = seceall phezed lia reese eager N. 83 10 W. | .234
oilee, 5 pl eioetl 3063] 7786) 1876) 2276) 2430) 5491) 3979/11402 N. 38 31 W. | .273 | N. 24 E. | 20
Bia | On | Summer | 1711} 3428 1796 2926) 3411) 6923) 2367) 3497 S. 42, 27 W. | .18l |S. .20 Ea sieeaa
oe os Autumn | 2741/ 3885 1036) 3264) 1845, 7099) 3601| 7915 N. 76 46 W. | .249) S. 29 W. | .07
219 za Winter 2980} 4381| 1830) 2822] 1122 4197) 5367/13655 N. 48 55 W. 379 | N. 30 W. | .15
2m Wee || Necgal| cco |) eon ff ce |] cea bere || on |p cee N. 60 9 W. | .243
= | £4 || spring 9.20] 12.40) 10.20] 5.41] 5.52] 5.63) 10.20] 9.57
Ee 2 | ga] | Summer 7.41] 6.10) 9.03) 5.79} 5.22) 5.11) 6.56) 4.89
Sa ees Autumn 6.77] 6.85) 6.56) 8.08] 6.07] 5.75] 9.50) 6.56
== ls Winter 7.72 eae aa 10.08} 5.78) 5.93 a) 9.20
Oe ane Spring | 2118] 3897, 927 2164/ 2268| 4423/ 2073 7748/1850| N. 57 55 W. | .234
Sais [ = a Summer | 1642] 2839| 813] 2133] 3106] 7139] 2228] 5644/2120) S. 74 11 W. | .27
San EE Autumn | 2290) 3177! 733) 1834) 1834) 5311 2227 7716|2010| N. 65 36 W. | .29
a3 iE Winter 2697) 3378, 686) 1170) 1264) 3750 2571] 9387/1918] N. 48 45 W. 393
as The year | 8747/13291 3159) 7301) 8472/20623) 9099 30495/7898) N. 67 21 W. | .27
5B a {| Spring 339| 1188| 159] 298] 465] 1429] 1499, 2646] ... | N. 66 44 W. | .43
52 | 8% || Summer | 5387/1014) 211) 302) 765) 2343) 2012) 2270 N. 88 58 W. | .443
32 oe Autumn 303 875) 142) poe 535 ee 1577, 2460 N. 82 21 Ww. ey
eal|ee l ee 268) 841; 135) 22 316) 1196) 1477) 2487 ee ss fe we “aa
bp. ) he yea OLD Zee) <c00 | set ono cos i, -cce -- | N. 76 1S a 455
2s BS Spring 2457) 5085) 1086) 2462) 2733) 5852) 3572/10394/1850) N. 60 59 W. | .28 N. 603 E. | .054
elles g | Summer | 2029) 3853, 1024, 2435) 3871] 9482) 4240) 7914/2120 5S. 80 1 W. | .303 |S. 14 W. | .16
aes $5 Autumn | 2593] 4052 875) 2199} 2369] 7255) 3804/10176|2010| N. 71 44 W. | .32 |S. 544 W. | .O1
SIS || EI Winter 2965) 4219) 821) 1399) 1580) 4946, 404811874 1918) N. 53 25 W. | .41 N. 145 W. | .14
ll eh The year /10044)17209 3806, 8495)10553 27535) 15664 40358 7898) N. 70 34 W. | .31
! Computed by the observer.
2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. | Winter. The year.
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour ‘ 8.39 5.69 6.70 8.60 7.34
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity fe 1.38 2 3.09 1.72
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average ne
as shown in the table above . a 2.29 1.03 1.67 3.26 1.78
Excess of the latter over the former . +.54 35 —.05 +.17 +.06

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10.

(Nos. 268 to 273.)
Observed as follows :—

Place ef observation.

By whom observed.

Long Island.

Aggregate
length
of time.

Date.

Bellport,

Brookhaven
(Moriches),

Brooklyn,

East Hampton,

Farmingdale,

Flatbush,

Flushing,

Fort Hamilton,
Jamaica,
Jericho,

Naval Hospital,
Oyster Bay,

Sag Harbor,
Sands’ Point,

Place of
observation.

May
June
July

268.
Flatbush.

May
June
July
269.
Fort
Hamilton.

Time of
the year.

January
February
March
April

August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April

August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

H. W. Titus,

E. A. Smith and Daughters,

Clinton Academy,
John C. Merritt,
Erasmus Hall,

Post Surgeon,
Union Hall,

G. B. Docharty and N. H.
Wells,

E. N. Byram,

Mr. Calkins,

NROUASS
SOrPrOaH

or

1857, 1861 and 1862.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.

1843.
1827 to 1843 inclusive.
1868 and 1869.
1826 to 1849 inclusive, 1856, 1857 and 1861 to

1869 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

WN. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
¥. or be-
tween 8. & E.

Ss.

537
335
183
1503

tween S. & W.
tween N.& W.°

N. W. or be-

Direction of
resultant.

or
ise)
pa

360
462
531
1022
778
1132
1536
4468
640
560
686
455
290
380
317
420
445
531
628
779
1431
|1117
1604
1979
6131

1515
41045
| 678
4125

ZZV ARBRE A

ca

4444444544444242

1843 to 1859 inclusive.
1826 to 1850 inclusive.
1849.
1865 to 1869 inclusive.
1834 and 1837.

1854 to 1858 inclusive.
1843.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

LAT. 40° TO 45° N.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

343

Number of days.

344 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 270 to 272.) Long Island.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE . Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ie influences. :
=i : I £5 rs
ei - 32 Z
Place of Time of os 52 g | Directionof | 2° 3
observation, the year. Pr Be | a) resultant, =& Direction. 5
ot . SS nD c=
ag Fe\ Es $2 :
[a5 ZE|o m5 a
A Genres: | 209] 6 5 1S 6] 615) ... |N. 44° 49/ W.).2: 775
February 228] 3} 61) 176] 150] 526) ... |N. 45 WwW 706
| March 21/ 203] 61) 163] 125) 249 | 495] ... |N. 59 WwW 775
April 2] 213 3} 288] 108] 402] ... Ww 750
May | 162 | 204) 2: j 239)... Ss W 775
June 3} 112 150} 243) 399) 293 s. WwW 750
July 116 )) 116 3] 258 2| 358 Ss. W. 775
August 223 132 A): 278 8. 6 W 775
J September 216] 73) 144) 166) 28: 355 N. Ww 750
amaica- ) | October 9} 193 131 ;| 460 N. Ww 775
November} 106) 191 115 3] 187] 537 N. WwW 750
December 264 93] 48] 292 558 N. w.}. 775
Spring 90) 578 511) 5: g 1136 Ss. Wale
| Summer 0} 451 8} 398 1259} 398} 929 5. 6 W.}.
| Autumn 3 600 390} 361} 816] 482)/1352 N. Wale
| Winter 2) 701 2) 283 588} 462/1699 N. W.|-
| The year |1321/2330 1582 3553/1747 5116 N. W.|.
January 155 67 3} 112 279 N. W.|.
| February 01) 107 56 110 265 N. 3 W.|.
| March 2) 122 100 2} 140 2) 275 N. 3 W.
April 9) 136 9} 113} 135) 145 190 8. 3 WW.
| May 3} 98) 183) 125 191) 80} 137 s. BES |<
June ; 85} 121) 144 197 144 8. W.}.
July 5} 66) 107) 127) 184) 293 143 S. ae z
271. August 2) 116] 161] 144} 193) 193 137 s. W.|.
East Hamp- 4 | September} 82) 156) 138) 123) 120) 181} 62) 158 S. E. |.
ton. October 3] 126) 138) 117 8} 151 0) 208 N. W.|.
November 0} 122 2| 68) $ 95) 202) 260) N. W.|.
December 148} 93) 59 94 283 N. W.|. i
Spring 356) 443) 338] 431) 476) 285) 602 s. W.|-
Summer 37| 267) 389) 415) 575) 683] 233] 424 Ss. > W.
| Autumn ; 404) 368} 308] 326 326 N. 6 W.|.
Winter 92) 410) 298] 182) < ie 827 N. W.|.
| The year | § 1437|1498)1243)1537 1433|2479 Sh w.|.
=. (44 (| Spring 00! 177] 103] 131] 283} 230) 258] 326 N. 7 W.|. E.
Sig5 O35 [ Summer 3; 190) 7| 184) 29: 57| 210) 192 8. W.|- E. ‘
Z| © = 4| Autumn 190 165] 224) 327] 216) 312 S. wW.|. E. | ;
So | 6 & || Winter 210 100 258) 304) 474 N. 62 22 W.|. Ww. ;
psy iretvea CUD Siyeareh| recall trees altrcest|itecoen | (eter alleen | een | ees Ss. W.!.
ee (| Spring 1598 708 1624)1464/1726|2630 N. W.|- E.
Bo |S 4 | | Summer 1193) 611)1003) 1686/2275 1246/1022 S. 2 W.!. E.
S44 $c 4) Autumn [1030/1251] 493] 989/1279|2135 1299/2293 N. DW. E.
2:3 | 44 || Winter 9161297) 383) 600) 667)1696 2199/4501 N. 6 W.}. We e
Eis || The year? | ... | ... val tee deen ee Ss. 15 W. “
Seal eee
£5 |= [| Spring 24/903
£2 | 3%!) summer 3/6.27 4
BiB) a 4 +2
mS] ee Autumn /7.106.585.08/5. 9s 5316. 35]... 4
Balas U Winter |5.956.18/4.916. 36577 25 ns
A m=) | | y
1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :— 5
Spring. | Summer, | Autumn. | Winter. . ‘th
. | = ’

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour ; 6.90

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds |
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the Srinds from the |
several points of the compass each their own average Sees
as shown in the table above : F 5 3 :

Excess of the latter over the former . : : ‘ .

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 345

(No. 273.) Long Island.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Kind of Time of the
resultant,

observations. year. Direction,

to sum of winds.

variable.

E. or be-
Ratio of resultant

tween S. & E.
W. or be
tween 8. & W.

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

AS]
=)
=|
ie}
2

Ss.
Ss.

Spring 1750) 3718)1839 3020/2595) 4633) 2216) 6150
Summer {1620} 2985|1477| 3248/3414). 6739| 2269) 4626] 486\S.
Autumn [2215] 3808)1464| 2286/1885) 4814) 2852! 6640) 529
Winter 2307) 3910/1262! 1412/1009) 3735] 3595) 8333) 369
The year |7892)14421 9966/8903) 1992110932) 25749|1698|
Spring 79) 242 90] 141; 739} 925) 565] ...

| Summer 180} 328) 3} 166] 131) 868) 861) 620
Autumn | 134; 289 191) 167) 833) 733) 681
Winter 62) 156 103} 101 775) 795| 564
The year! | ... 900) |} 200 ooo I} \on0 one ooo ||) os0 |} a0
| Spring 1829) 3960 3110)2736) 5372) 3141) 6715] 314)
Summer (|1800) 3313/16 3414/3545) 7607| 3130 5246) 486
Autumn |2349) 4097) 2477/2052) 5647) 3585 7321) 529
Winter 2369) 4066 3) 1515)1110) 4510) 4390 8897] 369
The year |8347)15436 6588)10516/9443)/ 23136 14246 28179|1698
|

(su)
pat
C=

Surface
winds.

AA IATA NNW tA A

a
FI
5
=
a
s
n
=
CS
~
e
mn
5
SC)
a
5)
3
ig

aas58 48555455

(a ee ee

SS
oO
2B
°
el
i)
m
oO
ite)
|
5
=
©
ig
3.
a0
o
I
bp
i)
<x
Tac)
=
a

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

—
oO
oo
4

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

44 February, 1875.

346

(Nos. 274 to

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

277.) Northern New Hampshire.

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

By whom observed.

Date.

Barnstead,

R. F, Hanscom & C. H. Pitman,

Dartmouth College, E. Adams, Jr.,

Littleton,

Mt. Washington,
North Littleton,
Salmon Falls,
Shelburne,
Stratford,

West Enfield,
Whitefield,
White Mountains,

Robert C. Whiting,

(See White Mountains below),

Rufus Smith,

George B. Sawyer,

Fletcher Odell,

B. Gould Brown and Branch Brown,

Nathaniel Purmont,

L. D. Kidder,

Prof. C. H. Hitchcock, J. H. Huntington,
8. A. Nelson and Theodore Smith,

H
Nor

en

powmworr
ro

eS Se le ord

1856, 1857 and 1860 to 1869 inclusive.
1834, 1835, 1836 and 1854.
1863 and 1864.

1860, 1863 and 1864. 2

1854 and 1855.

1856 to 1869 inclusive.

1855 to 1857, and 1860 to 1869, both inclusive.

1856, 1857 and 1858.

1869.

November, 1870, to December, 1871, inclusive; and
October, 1872, to September, 1873, inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. | plone
niluences,
{4 : ee al o —
f f i lg 5, || a = ao Fi 2
eae ee en NI lena liebe be ie [be sens |
observations, $4 48 @ | a Ee es | el lve ps ace | A/| se | 2 =5 = | Direction.
Zz lel a) a |elalal ala) a] | Sf Pee fe Z| 5
| | l
| Spring 3) 0 0 1, 0 3 2 1 lp 2A A) Pe Gee Alcs
[ No. of ob. {| Summer | 2,9 of oo 3 OF 2 0} 13) 0} 51) 2 ..
at 7 A. M. | utumn 11) 0 3 Z| 0 0 0} 5 0 21 0 55 BI oad
| Winter 12| 0 0 1' 0 0 2) 14 UN st5 at. 28 AN acs
Spring WG al ea alll 5 il ee20| peo) el Alero,
E Noval ote Summer | 3/0 O oo) 3 1 4 0} 9] of 52] Of...
|) ys oye ihe, | utumn 9) 0 3 1; 0 il 0) 64 Oe (O\p 9 Ceall) (0) cee
2 L) Winter 10; 0 0 Upon 2 0 5 Si) 38 vA) By) (ON
= | Sori |
Z| No.ofob: [Isummer | 20) of Oo 3] oo ol ti] of so 8)
el] to Pow. ||Automn | 10/0] 2] 10] i) oO} 2 Oie2 |e rOl seo! oles
=) | Winter 8} 1 0 0, 0 0 2 8 6) 24 6] 33 Bil ees
2 {| Spring ZO) Zi) 20 ate 83 6 22| 72) 18] 51) 18] ...|S. 87°42’ W.|.67 |S. 11°
“@ ) Aggregate | Summer 70 OF 6010) 68} 6) 8 0} 32) 0] 153) 7| .../N. 65 39 W.|.71 | Novo
= | No. of ob- }) Antuian | 30/0 8 4/0) 2 oO} 11 0} 50) ) sje Tile Ol es. Ne N. 10
Z ah Winter ' 80] 1] 0; 2) a) 2) 4) 24) 7 10) 93) 11) 93) 9) ... IN. 8.
a Thery.cart ||icssh|'-24|| keeaeilll eecoed cca eects | nee ieee te |e sete |tdewstel| swat | eee en erceeeel [eset Nis
& ( Spring 197] 0} 27 9'38} 199) 163] 14 2015/1110)1453} 439) ...|5.
= No. of | | Summer 88) 0 0} 21) 0} 157 Olea 499| 0/3716] 189] ...|N.
7 miles Autumn 1148) 0| 364) 282) 0) 69, 0) 384 1378 0.6212 Ol ees Ns
a [ Winter ‘ 1251) 1} 0; 71) 0} 32) 179/1071 2/4019) 305 4953) 566) ...|N.
Whe'sy,ear'||ie-5 il ees'l)stesepl|| nesoril coe! eceonn| Sean sch S|) eee || coe |} cca INE
Average (| Spring 28.1) 0)13.5) 4.5/38'28.454.3/24.5 7.9)61.6)28.4/33.7]| ...
velocity in| Summer |12-5) 0} 0} 0) 017.4; 024 15.5 0/24.2) 27) ...
miles per } | Autumn 38.2) 0) 43)/70-5) 039.5) 034.9 27.5) 0)34.3) 0) «..
hour. (| Winter 41.7] 1 0)35.5) 016. |44.7/44.6 2/27. 7/53.2/62,8) «..
January 6}. 1 0}. Pll les 38] . 1] 1
| February 2). 6} =O}. rile 4). on 21 1
| March (0. ee) ee LO 6) . {il) 35 28 0
April Tillees Fl hese ie 4). 45 14 2
a | May TBH esc (OS yleee 3) 6] . 39 23 2
8 June Filed] ll Bllbel) all alll. 18 41 8
=o July A\... Oo} 4)... 6] . lee 21 34 4
‘= | No. of ob- | | August LO |e 9 A] ee leeal sO lees Ce 17 42 6
% | servations, {| September} 1)... OP Ole. 1 0}. ) 62 3
=| 1872-3. October Tiy...| 14) 21...) 3 lll 22! 18} .. 6
= November Moss 5 Q}...| 14) . 2 34. Lilie 2
5 December| 5}...| 4} QJ...] 11] . Gime Bb PA oe 3
3 Spring 20)... Aim onG| ces) dl le AOS ples 4\N. 81 57 W.| .59
z Summer UC es Eee) altel 8}. 56 UIT! 5 18|N. 58 39 W.| .53
& Autumn 13)...) 19 2)...| 17 Bie 65) 97| ... | 11)N. 71 6 W.j .53
= Winter 13}...| 11 2)...| 20] 16} . 105, 53). 5|S. 88 35 W.| .56
5 The year 65|...| 46] 19}...| 70) 44. 345, 332) ... | 38)N. 76 4 W.| .54 i
Spring sean |lazs| (esol ||iceaiall eel ae to || allies N. 87 15 W.| .62| 8. 16 We
No. of ob- Summer N. 62 45 W.| .62|N. 114 Ee
servations, 4 | Autumn N. 61 15 W.| .62|N. 14 E
1870-3. Winter ésor |acoll) scou |frsscer s|lasalliase “ih case | aes N. 88 55 W.|.60/S. 6 W.
MER RTE |) ao |eaall cto. Ios Welles llcco. Wass N. 74 30 W.) .60

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 347
(Nos. 275 to 277.) Northern New Hampshire.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction

Place and Time of the ft
kind of year.
observations.

0
resultant, Direction.

or be-
variable,
to sum of winds.

W.
Ratio of resultant

Is. or be-
tween N. & E.
S E. or be-
tween 8. & E.
tweenN.& W.

Calm or

N.

Ni
| tween S.& W.

| S. W. or be-

2175.
Hanover.!

(sy)
pay
S
~I
Oo
or

. 81° 34’ W.
65 57
89

78

61

72

45
87

71

60

63

The year 326
Spring 5 1i7| 139) 214
Summer 73 171} 175) 269
Autumn j 84; 88) 119] 116) 268
Winter i) HG 84} 112) 140
The year’ | ... Bedaa || totem || weet ltirees, ||Wcee
Spring 2108] 642) 890) 8341210
Summer : 641 1113/1150/1620
Autumn j 750) 423) 912) 805)1334
Winter 3| 1464} 927) 507) 793) 614
The year? | ... cob oceania

Spring -16)/13.43)7.30/7.69)6-00|5. 65
Summer : 8.78)5.43/6.51/6.57/6.02
Autumn |4.73! 8.93/4.81/7.66|6.94/4.98
Winter 35) 9.57/8.43)/6.04/7.06/4.39

| Spring 290| 1106 | 445) 622)1006) 3: 2/1185/N.
Summer | 285) 771 | | 582) 800/1206 5 }/1232)8.
| Autumn 266) 756)1162|) 445) 539)1079| 3259) 1487, N.
| Winter 309| 820 | 296) 564 835) 3999 330)1434 N.
The year |1150) 3453/4722, 1768/2525/4126/13460| 6909|/5338)N.
Spring 103] 151] 114| 194] 140) 290] 1117] 778] ...
Summer 116 97) 133) 238] 184) 504) 1222) 865
Autumn 94 91 3) 189} 154) 468] 1428) 918
Winter 62 90} 69) 177) 116) 273) 1152) 826
INN) EBM || cco || ono |} ccc! |) cca |] coe Ih c00 000 o60. |] obo
Spring 393 1257/1428) 639) 7621296] 4414) 2560/1185
Summer 401 868)1351) 820) 9841710 4127) 2381/1232
Autumn 360, 847/12 634| 693,1547| 4687| 2699/1487
Winter 371| 910 473| 6801108] 5151) 2656/1434)
The year | 3882/5151 |2566|/3119 5661/18379)10296/5338

|

b.
servations.

No. of o

ZAZA ZAeZZOA A
Bane wnwiz

No. of
miles.

8
o}
pte)
o
D
+
wo
eo)
a
=|
“A
m
=!
£
5
Ss
oy
Nn

l
if

o
o
&
3)
=
wm

z
a
a=
5
n
=
Oo]
n
ice}
eS
E
Oo
o
BS)
fool
5
n
SS
i
i)

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

winds.

Motion

combined. of clouds.

observations at all stations.

277. Aggregate number of

Aaanan aaa

2 preceding

—

1 Number of days, 1096.
2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. Autumn.| Winter.
Average velocity of all winds in ‘miles per hour : 8.16 6.39
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the secre
average velocity . 2.7
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds. from
every point of the compass each their own average ee
as shown in the table above 5 5 0 5 2. eit
Excess of the latter over the former . 0 : .

9
a

5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 278 to 281.) Southern New Hampshire.
Observed as follows :—

| Aggregate |

Place of observation. By whom observed. | Jength of Date.
ime.
| yrs mos.|
Claremont, F. N. Freeman and others,! | 9 2 | 1857 and 1860 to 1869 inclusive.
} Charlestown, SOR CAB OUS GACIOEO KOT OEE 1) 7 |,1843 and 1844.
} Concord, William Prescott & others? 7 0 | 1854 to 1858 and 1865 to 1869 both inclusive.
Dover, A. A. Tufts, | 7 0 | 1835 to 1842.
Dublin, Rev. L. W. Leonard, | wal Q | 1852.
| Dunbarton, Alfred Colby, | 1 10 | 1868 and 1869.
Exeter, Rev. L. W. Leonard and | 8 0 | 1854, 1855 and 1861 to 1865 inclusive.
Rev. E. Nason, |

! Arthur Chase, Stephen 0. Mead and enn stavene:
2H. E. Sawyer, E. P. Colby, John T. Wheeler and James C. Knox.

348 WINDS OF THE GLOBE,

(Nos. 278 to 280.) Southern New Hampshire.—Continued.

Aggregate |
lengen of

Place of observation. | By whom observed.

Farmington, | Louis Bell, 0 1 | 1861.

Fort Constitution, | Post Surgeon, 1827 to 1839, 1842 to 1845 and 1849 to 1853, all
inclusive.

1857 [two independent records].

1855 and 1856.

1849. ;

1843.

1854, 1855 and 1856.

1862 and 1863. f

1854 to 1857 inclusive, 1860 and 1861,

1843.

1866, 1867 and 1868.

1860.

1867 and 1869.

1843.

Francestown, M. N. Root & A. H. Bixby,
Great Falls, Henry E. Sawyer,

Isle of Shoals, | Thomas B. Laighton,
Keene, | Mr. Wheelock,
Londonderry, Robert C. Mack,

London Ridge, Isaac 8. French, M.D.,
Manchester, | Hon. 8. N. Bell,
Peterborough, Mr. Youngman,
Portsmouth, John Hatch,

Stratham, Andrew Wiggins,
Tamworth, Alfred Brewster,

White Island, scogopeusgegceasa4

eooorPourFNCOrFF
RoR Or woonw ca wo

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

=

Direction of
resultant.

Place and Time of
kind of the year.
observations.

Direction.

atio of resultant
to sum of winds.

tween N.& E.

S. E. or be-

tween 8. & E.

tween 8.& W.
variable.

Number of days.

22
bz

a
ES
Ze

N. E. or be-
S. W. or be-
| west.
Calm or

| R:

1

|
January 35) 140] 6 81) ae 422
February : 105) 143] 265) 337
March E 6} 178) 82) 295) 305
April 208! 14 207| 96) 163) 262
May )| 156 2 132) 2 186
June 48 | 153} 236] 207
278 July | = 6 53) 4 | 187| 265) 208
Fort August J 2 de 23) 133} 2 é 179
Gonutiee September y 3 132 230
tion October 2 150) 255
7 November ‘ 3 99) 2 326
December 2 | 135) 2 336
Spring : 385| 310) 672) 753
Summer 352 1218) 473) 716) 594
Autumn t 26 | 564) 381) 589) 811
Winter 5 243) 407) 830) 1095
AB ETE ono Pees! coo | eco |P cee |P oc |} Fe
The year 26 8 21 610
Spring 416 177) 650) 379) 1211
Summer 301 226 0) 463) 751
Autumn 3) 341 167 2| 511) 1191
Winter 267\ 489 j 99, 4 482) 1773
MW Na gehealh aoe| | eae || cee Weeseal lees if cee tl cee oa
Spring 291/3623 677 |2798]/12344
Summer 39/1617 7091117 2383! 5123
Autumn 25/2049 9/2909} 800/3608)2922) 9440
Winter 4115 1311) 312): 3798}14930
MIT | coo ||eceo || bso Ice || soa |) eect I) an sr,
Spring 3. 62)8.71)7.74/5.89)/3-89/5.48)7. seus
Summer .59/5.37/4.65)4.72/4.94/5.925. 6.82
Autumn |6.15)6.01)6.50/5.77/4.79|5.215. 7.93
Winter .52/8.42/8.36/7-09/3.15|/5.97)7. 8.42

bo
at

oto OL Wie =
46 8
64 55
54 23
59

servations.

ae

No. of
miles.

Ae OAAZAEE 2 Faris
4444444444 4 4442

280. Surface winds at Smithsonian
Stations in 1854, °55, °56 & ’57.!

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

—

! From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. Summer.) Autumn. | Winter. ‘The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . =H . : 6.37 7.72
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the tieagcnaa
average velocity : |
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the. winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average sae
as shown in the table above . .
Excess of the latter over the former .

2 Computed fon the Seay for the seasons.

(No. 281.)

SERIES B.

ZONK

Southern New

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

10.

Hampshire.— Continued.

TEAM CO ON INE 349

iS}
Kind of Time of the 48 |
observations. year. op
2 loa.
& |AS| @
z EE a
x ff Spring 1089|1977)1312
g 2a Summer | 770/1247)1002
oe &3 J] Autumn [1310 1372] 966
oA SE Winter (15441700) 575
>) ne
ATs Whesyeaela |e sll e-seii| ess
4 s 4 {| Spring 247 214) 208
2 as ( Summer | 163 160) 187
Bic 3 {| Autumn | 275) 162! 155
23 So || Winter 380, 206} 79
Aue POM eLbenyean! ynecralliees |i
58 wg (| Spring [1336 2191/1520
a8 og 3 || Summer | 953 1407/1189
ican | eros Autumn {1585 1534/1121
a | 38 || Winter 19241906] 654
=a)
nN ES) [Ui] Mey aeeee! |! occ | ace |} esc

8. E. or be-
tween S. & BE.
South,

1641
1631
1500

834

1505
|21'74
1304
| 759
173
215
237
103

254
338
293
106
1678
2389
1541
862

1895)
1969)
1793)

940

P Monsoon
5 i 75
Ee ee mea

err ts ee

£3 53) g| Directionof | 25

Re be ics resultant, we Direction.

Sa aes oS ee lg
BS) les |e 25 | 2
we} & |ze\o a | a
2086| 2422/4497) 278) N. 65° 7/ W.|.202
2788 2368 2885) 286/85. 64 20 W.).24
2251/2275 4183) 287|N. 63 17 W.|.28
2004)2771/5742|) 320) N. 55 30 W.).49

coe || ince. I} 'c58 Gi) ro0n IN 2 ) WNVEIAS ||

393) 905) 685) ... |N. 77 24 W.|.373 | N. 57° E. |.04
500)1028) 418) ... |S. 78 18 W.|.384| 5S. 124 E. |.14
439) 988] 581 N. 87 52 W.|.40 |S. 8 E. |.04
308] 978) 661 N. 66 21 W.|.523 N. 27 W.|.17 |
se [cee | se | one | N. 81 58 W.|.402
2479)3327|5182) 278) N. 67 35 W.|.234| N. 85 E. |.072
3288)/3396|3303| 286|S. 67 38 W.|.264|S. 13 E. |.19
2690)3263/4764) 287) N. 75 18 W.|.28 |S. 55 E. |.02
2312,3749|6403) 320) N. 57 23 W.|.494) N. 34 W.|.223

stot cce. || cos | REVELL 2) ae

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 282 to 289.) Rhode Island.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. peel of Date.
: yrs. mos.
Acquidneset, E. G. Arnold, 0 4 | 1856.
Brown University,| Alexis Caswell, LL.D., 21 0 1832, 1833, 1834, 1838 and 1847 to 1867 inclu-
Sive, except 1860.
Fort Adams, Post Surgeon, it ah 1842 to 1546, 1848 to 1853 and 1857 to 1859, all
inclusive.
Fort Wolcott, Post Surgeon, 14 0 1822 to 1835 inclusive.
Little Compton, coe Gs enmede a5 sone 0 3 1843 and 1849.
Newport, William H. Crandall, 4 3 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
North Scituate, Henry C. Sheldon, 0 7 1854.
Point Judith, Mr. Hadwer, 0 1 March, 1845.
Providence, H. C. Sheldon & Friends’ 4 9 1837, 1838, 1842 and 1861 to 1864 inclusive.
School,
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE | Monsoon
DIFFERENT PoInTS OF THE COMPASS. Ea influences.
av
5 aS
A a Sage Z5
Place of Time of 23 a8 38 Ba 3 | Direction of | 2% 2
observation. | the year. re 2A Bop Se | ao resultant. |, | Direction. 3
BAS) 3 Ea RS) er ib oe Wols ; 3
et aa 5 Bly ast ea es Bl ee | oa oy
— AS] g jas) & |S] BFS as 39 Ba |} oe
zi|22| @ lat] wo |wt| Fees le Bi |
{| January | 44| 56) 9) 22| 12) 99| 46) 146
| February | 23) 51 O22 |e 40 150
Mareh 40} 52) 11) 45) 19) 105) 33) 130 |
April 23) 85) 12) 55] 12) 130) 20) 83
May 24; 53) 10) 65) 15) 173) 21) 73
June 14, 41 9} 46} 22) 213) 14) 61
July 18} 34) -6]) 42) 25) 246) 15) 48 |
282. | August 19} 60) 8} 54) 24) 209 9} 51
Hort {| September) 27) 79) 8) 51) 18) 149) 14) 67 |
Wolcott. October 37| 63 8! 35] 19) 143] 25) 104 |
November| 31; 52; 8) 19) 11) 117) 45) 137 | |
December | 42) 61] 41 20) 10, 98) 54 145
Spring 87} 190] 33) 165 46| 408| 74) 286) ... |S. 84°24’ W..22 |S. 89° EB. | .08
Summer 51| 135) 23) 142) 71) 668) 38] 160) ... |S. 46 30 W..43 |S. 24 W.! .27
Autumn 95| 194) 24) 105} 48) 409) 84) 308] ... |N. 83 49 W..28°] N. 24 E. | .05
Winter 109, 168} 22) 64) 29 290) 140 441 JN. 61 4 W..424] N.18 W.| .24
{| The year | 342 687) 102) 476) 1941775) 3361195 |S. 85 44 W. -294
| |

(Nos. 283 to 288.) Rhode Island.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Es influences. _
be SE Vaiss
i 5 El |e Fg | 3
i o2 oe oe 2 ; | Direction on ) &
ae ane Fe aan Ze = rae | se | 3 of resultant. Se Direction. &
observations. lien Om alcatel Stance she: ¢ é
Sale | = |wo| S |e S$ ilpgles oa o
Be) e |e Pei een cede 22 e| Be
&ieF| & |uk| & |u| & AES a} &
(| January | 264 174 78| 64, 81] 146) 220) 395 4
February | 176) 129 92| 94| 56] 166) 235] 276
March 178| 164 117) 98) 141) 181) 231) 277
April 128] 194; 143) 125) 162) 203) 225) 119
May 123} 149 155| 159) 241) 236) 183) 106
June 67| 95, 62) 111) 254) 380) 185) 120
July 136] 88] 56] 82) 300} 306) 249) 144
283. August 149) 127) 155) 171) 236) 255) 193 132
Fort September] 210) 148 110) 93) 224) 217) 176) 197
Adams. October 147) 196} 110) 114) 142) 175) 213) 176
November} 231| 143] 83) 58) 80) 131) 226) 242
December | 168| 156) 45) 58! 74} 91) 227) 309
Spring 429} 507| 415| 382) 544} 620} 639) 502 8. 75°30! W.!.10
Summer | 352) 310) 273) 364) 790) 941) 627) 396 8. 43 41 W.).2!
Autumn | 588) 487) 303) 265) 446) 525) 615) 615 N. 58 10 W.).18
Winter 608] 459) 215) 216) 211) 403) 682) 980) ... |N. 44 44 W.|.364
f The year /1977|1763/1206)1227/1991/2487|2563/2493) ... |N. 82 23 W. ‘18
284,
Brown
University, || The year | 21] 213] 51| 42) 75) 273| 459| 228 N. 86 *33 W.|.43 | .....--.. 1461
Providence |
1832, ’33,
234 & 38. J
285. |
Brown
University, | | The year 2069 823 3405 3842 N. 78 52 W.|-32 | ..... 10135
Providence
1832-1559
inclusive.
286.
Friends’ 1 The year | 194 190| 69) 83) 287) 388| 235] 543] ... IN. 81 35 W.|.32 ee 910
G ,
Providence
Newport \} the year | 30/114] 9) 94 10] 407] 50) 319) ... Js. 86 | W.|.39}
eke a {| Spring 60) 236) 39) 77} 146] 292) 64) 407 N. 70 7 W.|.238)/S. 80°. | .09
bec: 36 Summer 24| 121) 19) 55) 86] 226) 60) 164) ... |S. 72 54 W.|.264)S. 183 E. | .18
Oe 22] Autumn 39| 113) 17) 25) 51) 229 49| 258] ... [N. 75 46 W.|.365|S. 81 W.) .04
| Eebee 6 & || Winter 42| 147; 13} 23) 40) 186) 72) 464 N. 54 18 W.|.495/N. 265 W.| .21
‘go | 4 g || The year? | ... For |{- 90 If cos |I cso || cee I} Soe N. 72 46 W.|.323
gos (| Spring 319|2069| 148 378) 609\1682) 377/2796 N. 44 31 W.|.282/N. 46 E. | .14
eis | 4 || Summer | 132) 510) 58| 401) 327/1255) 257) 628 S. 57 39 W.|.293)S. 10 E. | .26
Sar} g=4| Autumn | 147) 423) 62) 172) 174) 906) 174) 877 N. 82 14 W.|.324/S. 25 W.| .06
2 | 2 || Winter 179) 690 119 102) 163] $66] 439 2494 N. 53 28 W.|.523|N. 31 W.| .24
ae UU Sttineavrearel | eae |/ccar) ANeon pee Ul leene elec eee N. 68 18 W.|.313
ie ales f Spring |5-32/8.77/3.79)4.91/4.17/5.76/5.89/6.87
58 ae | Summer (|5.50/4.21/3.05 7.29 3.80/5.55/4.283.83
AS |F 2)! Autumn |3.77/3.74/3.65 6.883.41/3.96)3.55/3.40
ga | as [ Winter |4.26/4.69/9.154.43,4.07|4.66|6.105.37
af#lsa | |
1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :-—
Spring. | Summer.) Autumn. | Winter. |'Vhe year,
E = | _ es
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 6.34 4.72 3.76 5.12 4.98
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the comes move with the foregoing F
average velocity 1.51 1.25 1.37 2.53 1.61
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average bash i ke
as shown in the table above . : : 5 Z z rrr A, 1.38 1.22 2.68 1.56
Excess of the latter over the former. +.28 +.13 —.15 +.15 —.05

WINDS OF

THE GLOBE.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SHRIHS B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 351

(No. 289.) Rhode Island.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

|

} Kind of Time of
| observations, the year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

E. or be-
tween N. & E,
tween N.& W.

variable,

Calm or

S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.

ie}
n

N. E.

Ratio of resultant

| N. W. or be-

Spring 918) 596)1005)1220}2239| 1102/2520 N. 78° 28’ W.|.
Summer 687)1162) 428) 941)1472)3152) 947.1458) < 51 18 W.|.
Autumn /1125) 453} 698) 829)2313)1055/2552 66 35 W.|.
Winter 1140 344) 498) 4651577 1333/3406 41 36 W...
The year! | ... si nero ene (eceta eee Rae 76 5 W.|.2

Spring al 23] 84) 50| 174) 59 88 21 W.|.154
Summer 74| 73) 37| 65) 57 206) 64 53 W..|.224
Autumn 65| 129} 27) 97) 31) 174) 36 85 W.|.
Winter 84) 88) 31) 60) 39) 116) 71 55 W.|.
ING SEH || Goo || de |) coo || oe |] ed Pecos Ih nae Il cee $8 W.).143
Spring 989|1909| 619|/1089)/1270)2413)1161)¢ 77 W.|.
Summer 7611/1235) 465 1006/1529/3358 1011| 51 34 W.).2
Autumn /1190)1674) 480) 795) 860)2487/1091)2 66 W.|.
Winter 1224/1381) 375) 558) 504)1693 1404) 52 W.|.
MUN SHEP! |] cco! ||} ‘oco |} cea coo |] sto |] con! Ih co vai W..|.234

| Number of days.

—)

Surface

winds.
qo
(ep)
wT

= bo
> oT

. 24° W.| .
15 W.|.
83. E.
133 W.| .

2, eh

71 &.
18 E.
. 14, 5. |.
. 23° W.|.

vations at all stations.

AAALARAALA AAA
AAnn

(DV SD

289. Aggregate number of obser-

combined. of clouds.

—

2 preceding Motion

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 290 to 296.) Northeastern Massachusetts.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
length

Place of observation. By whom observed. Cintas

yrs.
1852.

1828, 1831, 1832, 1834, 1836, 1855, 1856, 1857
and 1859.

1850.

1791 to 1798, 1841, 1842, 1856 to 1859 inclusive,
1865 and 1866.

1865.

1860 and 1861.

1861.

1831, 1832, 1834, 1836 and 1851 to 1859 inclusive.

1843, 1844 and 1845.

1865 to 1869 inclusive,

1781.

1857 to 1869 inclusive, except 1860.

1849 and 1850.

1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1852,

1843.

1864 to 1869 inclusive.

1843 and 1854 to 1857 inclusive.

1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1854 to 1857 inclusive.

1849.

1860 to 1869 inclusive.

1838.

1843.

1867, 1868 and 1869.

1856 and 1857.

1840 to 1869 inclusive, except 1860.

Andover, pad aseceg6s9 n00 500 268 0
Boston, Mr. Paine and others,! 7

Byfield, Martin N. Root,
Cambridge, President Webber & others,?

B
tp HHO

Chelsea, Naval Hospital,

Clinton, George M. Morse, M.D.,
Fitchburg, George Raymond,

Fort Independence,| Post Surgeon,
Framingham, G. A. Hyde,

Georgetown, Henry M. and S. A. Nelson,
Ipswich, Rey. Manasseh Cutler,
Lawrence, John Fallon,

Lowell, Charles W. Gilliss,
Lunenburg, Geo. A. Cunningham,
Lynn, Jacob Batchelder,
Medfield, Dinlersiosierdeasieestecs
Newbury, John H. Caldwell,
Newburyport, Dr. H. C. Perkins,

North Bellerica, Rey. Elias Nason,
Princeton, Hon. John Brooks,
Roxbury, Benjamin Kent,

Topsfield, Nathan W. Brown & others,?
Waltham, Mr. Fisk,

Watertown, =paigenddare onotcNOND
West Newton, John H. Bixby,
Weymouth, Dr. N. Q. Tirrell,
Worcester, Lunatic Hospital,

SwWwwrporPwHrorwrHreroo
CAM PONOMNADHNOCTSOOS

TRH H ©
HID SOOS

bo

an

1]. L. Smith, E. L. Adams and others.
2 Prof. Farrar, Harvard College Observatory and A. Fendler.
3 John H. Caldwell and Arthur M. and Sidney A. Merriam.

302 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 290 to 296.) Northeastern Massachusetts.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of

Place and Time of
resultant.

kind of the year.
observations.

Direction.

to sum of winds.

tween 8S. & W.

tween N & W.
variable.

Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

S. W. or be-
Calm or

. 55°50! W. |.
82 34 W. |.36;
61 30 W. |.3
59 27 W.|.
67 26 W. |.

Spring 5 | 93) 53|
Summer | 26 6} 93
Autumn y 68
Winter : 2 | 48]

The year 7 ) 8) 262

290.

Worcester,
1840 to 1853
inclusive.

12 it

291.
Waltham.
292,
Boston.

The year 13 71 34 W.?3 |.

The year : 8) 31 88
46
26 ;
69
49
67

Spring 2 6} 29% a
Summer 2 ‘
Autumn
Winter 2 2i if 87
The year? | ... Soe ||| ceo ll) Seat |! cose

293.
Fort Inde-
pendence.

294.
Ipswich.

The year 59 16 66 55 Were eS || ciceeeeses oe eee
55° BE. |.08
26 &. |.15
44 W.|.07
30 W.|.17

481 E. |.14
10 E. |.26
27 W.|.13
. 29 W.).13

60° 54’ W.
80 21
83 36
59 21
73 30
37 17
74 49
80 12
49 31
59 32

Spring 115 415 35} 164) 8 409
Summer 62 265 | 186) 213) 62 2) 438
Autumn 101 251 | 159} 143) 109 613
Winter 111 281 | 122) 84 52 497
The year? | ... ae vate | (eee | (tee a to
Spring 985|3645.25| 609) 628) 581 1910
Summer 257) 1088 541) 830) 390 | 1434
Autumn 427| 1362 552) 582) 600 2573) 30
Winter 614) 2155.5) 469) 400) 367 2469/6654
The year? | ... see Sesi ||) wees} wen oh

Spring (8.57| 8.78 |4.51/3.83/6.60 4.67
Summer (4.15) 4.11 |2.91/3.90)6.29) 4. 3.30
Autumn (4.23) 5.43 |3-47/4.075.50) 4.53) 4.20
Winter 5.53) 7.67 |3.84/4.76/7.06| 4. 4.97

Spring 1612) 4153 |2333)2128)1610 3934
Summer [1089] 3221 |2373)2605|/2372| 7633) 4069
Autumn (1966) 3400 |1762)1901/1560) 5712| 4536) 6807
Winter 2244) 3255 | 896)1062/1056 4980) 8653
The year |6911| 14029 |7364|7696|6598 |17519]26475
Spring 211 556 | 322) 162) 179} 629) 948) 702
Summer j 238) 479 | 308) 204) 179 1189} 647
| Autumn 187 502 | 234) 113) 179 1123] 684
Winter 157} 4383 | 1381)" 98} 91 28} 1006] 847
The year? | ... on eer lcoara liens ats ans nae
Spring 1823) 4709 |2655)/2290)1789 7| 4882) 7105
Summer |1327) 3700 |2181/2809)2551 | 5258) 5259
Autumn [2153] 3902 |1996/2014|1739| 6509| 5659) 7491
Winter 2401) 8688 |1027|1160/1147| 5032) 5986) 9500
The year? | ... oo sey || oa5r4 leon aon me oD

No. of ob-
servations.

Anna win ws

No. of
miles.

Zzanaaaaa a2 wads a

Stations in 1854, °55, ’56 & 757.1

M’n vel.in
tiles p.h’r.

ON SSS

Surface
winds.

.75 E. |.09
2 W.|.09
374 W.|.03
41 W.|.11

714 E. |.09
134 E. |.17
72 W.|.01f
39 W.|.17

Motion

vations at all stations.
combined. of clouds.

AAA Ant

oO) OOOO) ooo een ost ee se es snes ees ene

A
fs
‘=|
i)
n
a
=
=
|
mM
»~
3
an
3
=|
a
Ee
o
o
dS}
-
‘=|
mn
1S
for)
N
'
i
®D
m
Q
o
el
o
mM
o
2
a
t=]
A
oD
@
i
i")
D
~
i")
i=")
<x
To)
oo
a

Aaa nannies oe
444445445454 955

2 preceding

_—

.

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. a i . |The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . 6.43 3.99 OS 5.30
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 86 1.02
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own sph velocity,
as shown in the table above . : : 3 . : 5 1.10
Excess of the latter over the former . 5 i . : “ +.08

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
3 Computed from observations recorded from 16 points.

=

SERIES B.

(Nos. 297 to 300.)

Observed as follows:—

ZONE 10.

LAT. 40°

TO 45°

Southeastern Massachusetts.

Aggregate

N.

303

Bi Computed from the eo reaniblants for the seasons.

45

February, 1875,

Place of observation. By whom observed. sve | Date
3 yrs. mos. | if
Bridgewater, L. A. Darling and others,! 3 2 1856 to 1859 inclusive, and 1861.
Canton, D. H. Ellis, 0 7 1856, 1857 and 1858.
Dartmouth, Mr. Bailey, 0 8 1843 and 1844.
Duxbury, James Ritchie, 0 3 1849.
East Douglass, coicooecp pce wea aoGeCe 0 6 1849.
Fall River, Charles C. Terry, 0 3 1861.
Grafton, Rev. Wm. G. Sceandlin, 1 2 1860 and 1861.
Kingston, Guilford 5. Newcomb, 2 10 1866 to 1869 inelusive.
Mendon, George Metcalf and others,? | 26 0 1841 to 1850 and 1854 to 1869 both inclusive,
except 1859.
Milton, Rev. A. K. Teele, 2 8 1867, 1868 and 1869.
New Bedford, Samuel Rodman and a IK@) 1818 to 1833 and 1854 to 1869 both inclusive
others ,3 except 1860.
North Attleboro, Henry Rice, / 4 3 1852 and 1854 to 1857 inclusive.
Taunton, Albert Schlegel, @ -1@) 1854 and 1855.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE CoMPASS. ae influences. ;
7 3 os ES
ee he c Fa :
Place and Time of O38 38 BS Sa 3 | Direction of | 26 8
kind of the year. a ar Rep Ep aa resultant. |—¢ | Direction. as
observations. sy SF, , (ee) 2 ies 6 |) eat || OS = 5 ¢ 2
% |FS | elas] 5) Es | 8] Fs \ke Ee 2| &
2 |e | si lwell ml we | 1 | ee |e rm a | Z
ee \ The year 9 | 298] 49| 86 43] 7s0 | 59] 497 S. 82°31! W.).358] ....0.-. 1826 |
ad \ The year | 274 | 524! 525| 500) 467| 1454 | 727] 1372 8, BL © Wel 28 | axons 5644 |
Aa ( a (| Spring 270 567) 119] 230) 375) 1038 328) 871 N. 89 7 W.).261) S. 85° E. |.07
‘ais | ss || Summer 141 400) 134) 227) 320) 1325 290} 562 S. 60 20 W.|.352|S. 6 E. |.18
RS ¢ 51 | Autumn 290 | 401) 100) 191) 313) 1050 385) 993 N. 86 17 W.).351) N. 58 W.}.023
ae 7 5 || Winter 338 409) 122) 151) 208) 820 515) 1365 N. 65 39 W.|-427| N. 22 W.).17
‘gia | % [|The years] ... Pelee ecea|taeale oes Bord ren N. 88 45 W.|.327|
as ° (| Spring 1927 | 6048] 842)1188)1776) 6448.5) 2652) 8452 N. 55 19 W.).298) N. 324 E. |.12
SES cia |) summer, 519 | 2285) 597) 886)1445) 8171 |10585) 2914 8. 58 54 W.|.393) 5. 6 W.).27
Post) 52 {| Autumn 1526 | 2671) 615)1474/1858) 7312 | 2261)5564.5 8. 83 388 W.|.279,S. 19 E. |.10
ape zd Winter |2040.5) 3137) 861|/1286]1056) 4557 | 3977\1122.0 N. 57 31 W.|.463) N. 23} W.|.20
H aay [ The year® 200 |) cca |} 2s os con 06 N. 77 32 W.).318)
One as
£7 |-A= [| Spring "1 14 |10.67|7.08 Siler 74| 6.21 | 8.09] 9.70
| 22 aes | Summer | 3.68 | 5.71/4.46/3.90/4.52) 6.17 | 3.65) 5.19
pS | es )| Autumn | 5.26 | 6.66)6.15/7.72/5.94) 6.96 | 5.87] 5.60
Sin a5 | Winter §-04 | 7.67,7.06|)8.52/5.08) 5.56 | 7.72) 8.22
a2 Spring 795 | 2918) 751 1074/1088) 4691 | 1235) 3480 | 266)N. 87 26 W.|.21
a Sa ( Summer 488 | 2191) 648 1060) 994) 6974 | 1161) 2295 | 245|S. 57 39 W.|.35
2 .|22/| Autunn 893 | 2162) 627) 938) 885) 4688 | 1412) 4117 | 253. N. 84 26 W.|.30
“9 BE Winter 954 | 1815) 504 717) 666) 4006 | 1782) 5195 | 238)N. 72 22 W.|.393
fs 3 The year | 3130 | 9086/2530 3789|/3633/20359 | 5590)15087 |1032'S. 88 32 W.|.30
a8 3 (| Spring 261 682) 175) 192) 284) 1152 750; 957 | ... |N. 82 42 W.|.33 )N. 65 E. |.06
a5 By Summer 252 534) 149) 186) 270) 1399 742; 759 8. 82 4 W.}.3 S. 1) E. |.07
aS Be Autumn 223 | 462) 126) 184) 271) 1146 672) 924 8. 89 42 W.).403/ 5. 57 E. |.03
Sa ee Winter 213 | 455) 151) 151) 146} 938 672) 957 N. 78 20 W.|.40 | N. 8 W.|.06
Sa [| The yearé| ... Pe) lacs ol eee Aes |e See eee en Neon 24 Walaa.
zs Ad {| Spring 1056 | 3600) 926/1266|1372) 5843 | 1985) 4437 266|N. 86 1 W.}.234| N. 81° E. |.104
ne | ie 2 | Summer 740 | 2725} 797)1246)1264) 8373 | 1903) 3054 | 2455. 63 3 W.|.85 |S. 9 E. |.16
SHE 3:3 Autumn 1116 | 2624) 753/1122/1156) 5834 2084 5041 | 283)N. 85 52 W.}.32 | N. 29 E. |.03
S £3 | Winter 1167 | 2270) 655| 868} 812) 4944 2454, 6152 | 238N. 76 52 W.|.494|) N. 51 W.|.183
1 las {| The year | 4079 11219 3131 4502/4604/24994 | 842618684 |1032S. 89 27 W.|.32
| |
' C. W. Felt and others and Normal School. 2 Dr. Jolin G. Metcalf and Henry Rice.
3 Thomas Bailey and Edward I. Tucker.
‘ From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. | Winter, | The year.
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour. e 7.72 5.26 6.25 | 7.16 6,60
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds |
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing | F
average velocity | 2.01 1.85 2.19 3,06 2.16
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ands for the |
several points of the compass each their own erounes yer |
as shown in the table above . i é 2.30 2.07 1.74 Bay 2.10
Excess of the latter over the former . 6 +.29 +.22 | —45 | +.26 | —.06

©

bot

(Nos. 301 to 303.)
Observed as follows :—

WINDS

OF THE GLOBE.

Cape Cod and adjacent Islands.

Aggregate
Place of observation By whom observed. Jena Date.
yrs. mos.
Barnstable, | B. R. Gifford, 0 5 1853 and 1854.
Edgartown, eeeeesereetencpelors 0 1 1844.
Falmouth, B. R. Gifford, 0 2 1863.
Nantucket, | Hon. William Mitchell, 10 3 1838, 1840 to 1842 and 1854 to 1860 all inclusive.
North Yarmouth, | Mr. Bailey, 0 1 1843.
Provincetown, | Mr. Graham, 0 2 | 1833 and 1834,
Race Point, Mr. Graham, 0 8 1833 and 1834.
Truro, | Recieen ee tnthnetieuvlese | O 2 1853.
West Dennis, | Eugene Tappan, 0 2 1864 and 1866.
Wood’s Hole, | B. R. Gifford, iP 9 1853 and 1855.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS a Monsoon
OF THE COMPASS, a4 influences. a
= fe — +2 >
d eS =
° | eo -
= |Time of the Nt | : ae _- | Direction of | -'S eas ro}
3 year, | | gj i | i alte wales S = | 5 resultant. S¢| Direction. 8
28 iy fea Nr ee esate elec geal allay ee Miss 33 S| a8
22 EASA GNESI Mer ahonle he et) aes Lelio: Ee s| 3
RO Z\/2/2\/8/AlalalajalalalEl|e|e|2|-2 | ra |B
Y } (5 oa)
( January é 8| 18) 6) 4) 8 8 6 11) 14 20 12) 25) 25) 44) 22)N. 66°45/ W.| .37 | N. 51° W.| .15 | 155
February | 22| 8] 10] 2) 12) 5, 17| 7 11) 6) 34} 14) 28) 16) 45) 12\N. 75 9 W.) .31| N. 62 W.| .10| 141
! March 22) 13) 25) 8] 17) 8) 9! 3) 12) 9| 30) 8] 11) 6] 63) 23)N. 28 10 W.| .82| N.19 E. | .24) 124
> | | April 19) 15) 21] 2 13 2| 18} 2) 24) 14] 49) 13) 12) 11) 32) 11\5. 82 53 W.| .20|8. 43 W.| .08 | 120
3 | | May 20} 5, 18) 2 7| 13| 11} 4| 23) 25} 51) 13] 23) 9) 17} 5)S. 51 59 W.) 30|S8. 1 W.| .24| 155
= | | June 7| 12) 15) 3} 6 8| 16} 5 15} 11) 62) 22) 8) 2) 9) 3/8. 35 59 W.| .34]/S. 1 W.| .34) 120
a July 17| 7 15| 1| 5] 3] 5] 4 18] 9) 63] 27] 11) 4) 19 9S. 67 39 W.| .39 |S. 37 W.| .25 | 155
A August 20; 8} 33] 5 15| 2| 18| 6 10) 10) Go} 8) 4| 2) 21) 8|S. 60 47 W.| .07 |S. 61 E. | .19)) 255
“3 September’ 24) 15) 51| 10) 12) 1) 18) 5 19 8) 36) 12) 14) 5) 26) 11\N. 3 44 W.) .13 | N. 703 E. | .20 | 120
= October | 21; 5| 31| 8] 4| 2] 15} 8| 12 8] 50] | 25) 10] 44| 11/N. 72 57 W.| .25|N. 33 W.| .04] 124
| November} 12) 16, 25) 2| 10 4 7| 2| 6 10] 31) 6} 11) 13] 79) 18|N. 43 52 W.| .41|N. 9 W.] .25 | 120
December) 15) 7) 11 4) 9} 11) 15] 7] 3) 3] 28] 7) 23) 8] 63) 19)N. 55 11 W.| .36|N. 30 W.| .18) 124
| The year oe ie, 53)114) 67 157 reais 514/149}195)121|462/152|N. 77 O W.| .23] ......... -- |1613
|
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE rf Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ez influences,
ei si : E ete
Kind of Time of the ri $8 o5 $52 ¢ | Direction of | £°
observations, year, BIZ ea yA Bee || AS resultant. SE Direction,
a Og . og a oa Be wa | oe on é
= /AS |] a fas | S| ES] & | Fs | ee £2 3
Size lm lok| @ lot | & leele E é
a - f 32 (| Spring 80 160 50) 112) 98) 317) 112) 254 8. 84° 2/'W.|.219| S. 3° ealenge
ra a tS ior | | Summer 36} 189 30; 100 90) 425) 73 63 8S. 36 38 W.|.279| S. 13 E. | .28
S33] oS 4| Autumn 75| 178) 33) 105) 59) 272) 70) 201 N. 84 12 W.|.158| N. 78 E. | .06
gc o& || Winter | 112) 117 37 96 57| 212) 123) 521 N. 57 34 W.|.405| N. 30 W.| .25
mie 8 iis. || Thewreard|..c2a| pec | eri) eee eee eee en) te N. 89 6 W.|.221
Sa {| Spring 1512) 3355) 1010, 1212) 970) 4177) 1520) 4570, N.56 2 W.|.215|S. 16 #, | .05
ries ES ‘sa | | Summer 280) 2068) 157; 900) 600) 4091} 682) 398 8. 37 14 W.|.263/ S. 11} E. | .35
s a ~= 4/ Autumn | 1146) 2336) 330) 996) 355 3316) 821) 3660 N. 57 13 W.|.257| N. 79 E. | .02
noes s A || Winter 1668 2403 45 y 1544, 607 2308) 1344/10424 N. 43 48 W. ae N. 25 W.| .23
SS ee L| The year?) ... ose ta ae ee N. 59 20 W.|.267
Bae | 33s (| Spring |18.90 20. 7 20. 30) 10.82] 9.90 13.18 13.57|17.99
age | >a o}| Summer | 7.73/10-94) 5.23) 9.00] 6.67, 9.63 9-34) 6.32)
aint | 2247] Autumn /15.28/13.12/10-00| 9.49] 6.02 12.19 11.7318. 21
= aad [ Winter (14.89/20. 54 12.19, 16,.08|10.65 10.89 10.93/20.01
— | |
' From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Se = = — aut
Spring. | Summer Autumn, | Winter. | The year.
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 15.49 9.12 13.05 16.27 13.48
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that all winds
from every point of the Someeee move with the foregoing
average velocity 3.39 2.54 2.06 6.59 2.98
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average voles
as shown in the table above . é 3.33 2.40 3.36 7.72 3.60
Excess of the latter over the former . —.06 —14 {41/30 |+1.13 +.62

2 De from the resultants for ten seasons.

+—-

SHERMER S eee eZ) ORN E Oh) PAM 45 0S IN Old ON

(No. 303.) Cape Cod, ete.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF 1HE COMPASS.

influences.

Time of the
year.

Kind of
observations.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

E. or be-
tween S. & E.

variable.
to sum of winds.

tween N. & E,
tween 8S. & W.
tween N.& W.
Ratio of resultant

S. W. or be-
N. W. or be-
Calm or

8.

| Spring |S. 89°43/ W.
Summer 14
3 37

to
pa
an
a
oO

Autumn i
Wiuter 371) ¢ ¢ 282 Rae 6
Wa) EE | cg | cco |] cee |} no |} ons : ooo |? aca). |} coe 11
Spring
Summer
Autumn p00 . 68 43
Winter 5 fi Dl es «yy 3
The year!
Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year!

Surface
winds.

_

115
167 |
3) 200)
1284) 101 |

43
14

ee
oa
Ade
=e
n
Bo
a3
=
Be
oD ip
2 I
30.2
we

3
<5
5D
32
SENS)

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

31

—

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 304 to 309.) Southwestern Maine.

Observed as follows :—

|
Place of observation. |

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

Bath,

Bethel,
Biddeford,
Brunswick,
Buxton,

Cape Small Point,
Cornish,
Cornishville,

East Wilton,

Fort Preble,

Fryeburg,
Gardiner,
Kennebec Arsenal,
Lemington,
Lisbon,
Newcastle,

North Bridgeton,
Norway,

Oxford,
Portland,
Saccarappa,
Saco,

Standish,,
Topsham,
Webster,
Windham,
Winthrop,

John Hayden,

Rev. A. G. Gaines,

J.G. Garland & F. A. Small,
Prof. Parker Cleaveland,

G. W. Guptill,

Silas West,

H. and L. Reynolds,
Post Surgeon,

G. B. Barrows,

Hon. R. & Rev. F. Gardiner,
Post Surgeon,

W. G. Lord,

Asa P. Moore,

C. L. Nichols,

M. Gould,

G. W. Verrill, Jr.,
Howard D. Smith,
H. Willis & J. W.
J. M. Batchelder,
Johu P. Moulton,
Warren Johnson,

A. Robinson,

Samuel A. Eveleth,
“The Maine Farmer,”

Adams,

yrs.

10

iz]

Pe Oe brohwaTo

i)

a

eS

pat
Nr BRPWOrFOCOOrRrFATOQBRAS

SREB RWOANRPE OOF ep

January, 1832, to July, 1842, inclusive.

1861 and 1862.

1848 to 1852 inclusive, and 1854.

1807 to 1859 inclusive.

1843.

1849.

1856 to 1869 inclusive.

1858 to 1869 inclusive.

1861, 1862 and 1863.

1827 to 1831, 1833 to 1835, 1841 to 1845 and
1849 to 1853, all inclusive.

1854, 1855 and 1856.

1843 and 1855 to 1869 inclusive.

1857 and 1858.

1859, 1860 and 1861.

1860 to 1869 inclusive.

1859.

1860 and 1861.

1860 and 1861.

1868 and 1869.

1856 to 1861 inclusive.

September, 1861.

1844, 1845 and 1846.

1865 to 1869 inclusive.

1859, 1860 and 1861.

1865, 1866 and 1867.

1854, 1855 and 1856.

1840,

396 WINDS OF THE GHOBE-:
(Nos. 304 to 308.) Southwestern Maine.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

|

Direction of
resultant.

Place and Time of
kind of the year.
observations.

Direction.

or be-

tween 8.& W.
W. or be-
tween N.& W. |
to sum of winds,

variable,
Ratio of resultant

tween N.& E.
tween S. & E.
Ss. Ww.

Calm or
Number of days.

N.

fo}

n |
| | ‘ -_—_— | =) |
304. Saco. | The year 3° 9| 69! 196) 693} 299) 327) 529

| January 25 91; 16 42) 912 254) 1717
| February | 92! 3} 63 930) 247| 1646
March 346) 153 109 1188} 221) 1768
April ; iy(l 160); 1312 185) 1409
May 65| 268) 62 206} 1619 116) 1064
June 5) 149] 533) 194] 1797) 163] 1118
July 111 236} 2154) 251) 1127
August 6 } 110] 4% 166} 2049 246, 1139

305. | September j 8] 116] 138]. 1645 193) 1260
Brunswick. October | 106} 32 147} 1351 275) 1484
November ‘ 3} ee Os} 67 931 297) 1821
December 1107; 83 39 921 301) 1782
The year f 7731|1563) 4 1567| 16809) 2749|17335
Spring 3} «= 1856 592) 475, 4119 522) 4241
Summer 1044, 370) 1é 596) 6000 660| 3384
Autumn 1836) 335| 883) 352) 3927 765| 4565

. 69° 50! W.|.
39
49
64
79
62
66
66
68
84
79

2AM aaAAAn EAA AAs

Winter 2995| 266 75) 144, 2763 802) 5145
| The year? nce ase | ee res roo 380 on

(| January 88 | RAP Sir Salers 199] 271
February 79 40} 83) 199} 219) 205

444444444444442424

4

March 8 138) 11: 80) 112 188 215) 405
April 116 114) 134 182 176) 208
| May é 99 | 169) 186 211 186) 123
June 61 173| 210} 242! 271) 146
July 59 5) 106) 249) 312) 239] 205
August : 73| 64) 105) 270) 280 219) 150
September 64 73| 214) 229 198} 186
October 89) 81; 158 215 175} 156
November 94| 23) 62) 61| 169| 242) 168
December | 25: 93 | 35 54 117 219) 171
Spring 0} 353) 264) 363) 432) 581) 577| 736
Summer Be 193] 182) 384) 729 834 729) 501) ...
Autumn 5 247| 1: 216} 433 613 615} 510] .
Winter 854 260} 60) 107) 194 483 637 627) och
The year? |... en. ||| coacil) o55 oe sera Pep
The year 638| 28| 581] 54| 452] 84] 1964) 249)
Spring : 449 248} 205 419 268) 578)
Summer 2 209| 154) 379) 271) 486) 292) 479
Autumn $ 331 251) 176 526} 345) 718
Winter d 520 0} 162) 106) 454) 412) 935
The year® ont cay |! op0 ne co dc
Spring 211 4543 | 2034) 1117} 2539 1413. | 5318
Summer 9541498 .5 3295| 2027/3865 |1179 3285
Autumn 1071/2832 y 8 906)/3690 1496 5553
Winter 497 5042.5 2 59) 463/2423 .5/1982.5| 8571
The year® 20 53. || sc 5

306.
Fort Preble.

he
a 09
#

4242233

ww
o
aI
w&
2

=

i

>)
Badr

No. of ob-
servations. =

miles.
= eee
ANNA AMMA

I

No. of

oo EEE

Spring 3.24) 10.12) 5.6 : 6.06) 5.27) 9.20
Summer 3.14) . .00) 8.6 48} 7.95) 4.04) 6.86
Autumn | 5.98 -56| 5. bs 5 7.02) 4.34) 7.73
Winter -78 -70) 6.31) 9.62) 4. 5.34) 4.81] 9.17

Stations in 1854, 755, 56 & °57.! >

308. Surface winds at Smithsonian

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

' From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer.) Autumn. | Winter. |The year.

(eas velocity of all winds in miles per Hae 5 57 6.95 voy 14 7.53 7.30
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds |
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 5 : : 1.88
True velocity in mean direction, giving to ie! winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above .
Excess of the latter over the former.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 307

(No. 309.) Southwestern Maine.— Continued.
a SS
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, ea influences.
boas}
ile a 1S A Fig
Kind of Time of 28 a8 aes yes} 3 | Direction of | 25
observation. | the year. a aa an Bie || a resultant. Se Direction.
a || Se Se a | Se || eI 23 a S
gS] BEC Eee | oe lee 22 5
4/45) A |oe] wn | ws = |A45 0 fe fy
f f Spring 3459| 3400/1679/2891| 4024) 3407) 3154) 62321012/N. 65° 0/ W. 143
ees Sie | | Summer 2504) 2042/1377/2962) 5694) 5005| 3823] 4558 935|/S. 53 45 W.|.24
S a £3 { Autumn 3305) 2960)1115/2113) 3592 4023) 3535! 6080 1153)/N. 73 32 W.|.22
oS Be || Winter 4041) 2703) 8741190) 2241} 3524) 4594) 6292 1028|N. 58 36 W.|.35
aa {| The year! |] ... eet cretiel ess Fer yA Ne s+ |... |N. 79 5 W.|.214
S13 al Spring 496) 393 200) 211) 601) 676) 1063) 1461) ... |N. 73 27 W.|.40 |N. 40° B, |.07
ae an Summer 401) 352 170) 228) 931) 1122) 1603) 1276 5. 83 1 W.|.45 |S. 8 W.|.12
a 84 | Autumn 524| 396 141) 253) 747) 1007) 1169) 1336 N. 87 9 W.|.40 |S. 37 B. |.06
oe 2 | oS || Winter 525; 303 100) 96) 392] 687| 1223) 1356 N. 71 47 W. 514 |N. 31 W.|.12
ze | => (laine see! Tce | Len || eo Ieee |) cool) co) oe RBIS ING ee eae
2s 25 Spring 3955) 3793 1879 3102) 4625) 4083) 4217) 7693)1012/N. 67 44 W.!.18 |N. 73 E. |.08
c z s g [ Summer 2905 2394 1547 3190 6625) 6127) 5426) 5834] 935/S. 61 50 W.|.27 |S. 24 E. |.15
332 2:5 /| Autumn 3829) 3356 1256 2366) 4339) 5030) 4704) 7416/1183|N. 77 7 W.|.25 |S. 113 W.!.154
fo | eg | Winter 4566 3006) 9741286 2633] 4211) 5817) 7648/1028|N. 61 18 W.|.37 |N. 31 W. O15
Ge (| The year |15255 Pe ae 18222|19451/20164/28591/4158/N. 80 40 W.|.243

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 310 to 313.)
Observed as follows :—

Southern Maine.

Aggregate
length

of time. Date:

Place of observation. By whom observed

5
a

i
Mr. Young and §. Gilman,

G. E. Brackett,
Mr. Blake,
Rufus Buck,

1844, 1845 and 1860.
1859 to 1863 inclusive.
1843.

1850.

Bangor,
Belfast,
Brewer,
Bucksport,

H

Carmel,

Dexter,

Exeter,

Freedom,
Hampden,
Hartland,
Manhegin Island,
New Sharon,
North Belgrade,
North Prospect,
Oldtown,

Owl’s Head,
Rumford Point,
South Thomaston,
Southwest Harbor,
Vassalboro,

Vinal Haven,
Warren,

West Waterville,

. J. Bell,

. F. Wilbur,
. B. Wilson,
. A. Buller,

. Herrick,

. F. Pratt, M.D.,

. H. Wyman,
Virgil G. Eaton,
Rey. 8S. H. Merrill,

Waldo Pettingill,
Joshua Bartlett,

Mr. Howes,

James Van Blarcom,
Mr. Calderwood,
Calvin Bickford,

B. F. Wilbur,

. A. Brown and others,!

ASSCWOHPHPONSCSrFSCOWOHAUWHOWO?

—
BPSNWoNWPNwWacnNnoawnronwmonwnoowo-~ 10

1854 to 1857 inclusive.
1858 to 1863 inclusive.
1858, 1860 and 1861.
1859.

August, 1843, to April, 1847, inclusive.

1859.
1843.
1860, 1861 and 1862.
1860.
1867.

_ 1854, 1855 and 1864.

1843.
1566 to 1869 inclusive.

1843, 1844, 1845, 1854, 1855 and 1860.

1843.

1859 to 1863 inclusive.
1843.

1859 and 1860.

1863 to 1869 inclusive.

1S. W. Hall, L. 8. Strickland and others.

308 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 310 to 3114.) Southern Maine.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF TH” COMPASS. influences,

Direction of

Place and Time of
resultant.

kind of the year.
observation,

Direction.

S. W. or be-
tween S. & W.
or be-

tween N. & W.
Calm or

variable.
Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.
Number of days.

sa
+
=
n

N. W.

| January : 207, 219
| February ‘ 2) | 174) 180
| March 3 | 87) 306) 147
April p 3: | 288 104
May 3 408 124
‘ June | j 404) 184
310. | July AIG 3) 136] 536) 152
Hampden. August 0 8 453) 69
September 3e ; 39} 414) 102
October | i 276) 189
November 2) 2 174) 165
December : : 249) 162) 2:
The year | 5 59/3889)1797 2 2512)
Spring 1358/1398 1684! 2788547
Summer 5 «= 646 '1653/1880/1504! 1708 410
Autumn 28)- 3 3/1111/1333 1544 2614/405
| Winter y 826)1140 1519 2997|680
The year?) “sc. || e-2 || seeulers eee lls P
Spring | 140) 153) 350 334 649
Summer 3 | 109) 353) 310) 358
Autumn | 125| 249) 276) 363
Winter 3} 81) 218) 318) 459
The year? ao cool aaa ||) ose || ee) cos | ont Sua, | a4
Spring 2 1511 1748/2018 3437547
Summer j | 3% 1762/2233,1814 2066)410
Autumn 2) 1028) 387| /1236/1582,1820, 2977/405
Winter | 14 3) 362 907| 1358 1837, 3456)680
The year? cD oa _|) cco || eed |
Spring “12) 70) 60) 259
Summer 5 14; 115) 60; 100
Autumn 19} 106) 4 193
Winter 11) 60 3] 832
The year? | ... coaeiecea_ | cee tt! cco dee |} cee coe
Spring 61 E 22) 48) 6: 0) 3569
Summer 0 |< 56) 905 1009} ...
Autumn 8 35| 130 364, 2329) ..
Winter 202) 1122 6} 388| 49 362, 4456) ...
The year? ee cn. |}cco | eds. Pee |) toc |f eco a5 |
| Spring 15.25/10. : .76)4.00)9. - -78
| Summer | 0,00) 7.83)\6. -86/4-00\7. 6 09
Autumn | 4.00 8. .33,6,.29/6. 84/6. 07)
| Winter 14.43/13. 36]6 62/7 .23|4.45/7.01 7.7013 .42

. 72° 3/ W.|.42
. 75 52 W.!.47
82 24 W.!.36
85 41
37 CE
54
34
36 3
71

70
77

75

77
70
64
72

51

75
70 5
GH:
83
69
78

DuE Paws RARER PA TRE PAR AR PAP ADEE DERE PED

, ZARB nm

=)
Surface

winds.

servations at all stations.

2preceding Motion

observai’ns. combined. of clouds.

No. of

CS)
oe
°
®
=
aS
g
|
5
A
©
3
a
oD
os
=)
on
<
=
=
or)
a
ca
2
|
il
id
o
»”
4
n
ics}
E
©
=]
&
col
S
n

ee ee ee Ne ee

the years 1854, ’55, 756 & °57.!

M’n vel. in
mniles p.h’r.

et

3114.

! From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

)
Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 10.96 d O24) | dtesil
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the ei move with the foregoing
average velocity 5 3 : 3.75
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average eee:
as shown in the table above a
Excess of the latter over the former

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N.

(Nos. 312 to 314.) Southeastern Maine.

Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
length

| Place of observation. By whom observed. ;
of time.

Date.

309

| o c yrs. mos.
Addison, Mr. Wats, 0 5

Eastport, Post Surgeon at Fort Sul-

livan,

Machias, Mr. Stearns,

Pembroke, Rey. E. Dewhurst,

Perry, William D. Dana,

Steuben, J. D. Parker,

1843 and

1845.

1822 to 1826, 1831 to 1835, 1841 to 1845 and
1849 to 1853, all inclusive.

1844.
1842.

1854 to 1865 inclusive, except 1860.
1843 and 1854 to 1869 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place and /|Time of the
kind of year.
observations,

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween 8. & W.

S. E. or be
tween 8S. & E.

a
co
i=

January |
February i) 2| | 121) 193
March 98) y : | 132) 171
April | 162) 210
May | 20) 297
June 3} ‘ ‘ 256) 246
July 6 292)
312. August | : 234
Eastport. September f | 185

October )2| 227
November | 4 62) 171
December 166
Spring 379) 26 3) 5 678
Summer | 217 y 27| 772
Autumn 52| 208 s 2) 583
Winter 276 j3| 519
The year ae: 900 O00 cca I! o66 || 00
Spring 310 : 398
Summer 140 506
Autumn 3) 202 2 329)
Winter 321 3 213
The year B68 coc coo cao |} eco. |] 550
Spring 3119 ‘ 97| 371)2889
Summer 718 2693)
Autumn 1533 : 0/2127)
Winter 384| 3192 5/1481
The years 200 000 os <0

=

No. of ob-
servations.

Sa ee

miles.

Spring 18) 10.06
Summer ; 5.13
Autumn é 7.59
Winter ; 9.94

DD ont
comon :
OTS

313. Surface winds at Smithsonian
Stations! in 1854, 755, 56 & 57.2

M’n vel. in No. of

miles p.h’r.

—

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.

Gs
lor}
aS

285
285
212
193
157
168
173
203

~)
(SY)
IT

325
734
518
670
976

210
361

2086
4022

10.73)
8.34,
9.93

11.14

|

Calm or -

a 906

344...

165) ...

3692) ...
1376] ...

variable.

Direction of

AZAR AAAAR ADA DD

resultant.

444

4444444584434

Monsoon
influences.

| Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

~} coo
2 aA

ii wa

' Including also Oldtown in Southern Maine.

2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Spring.

. | Autumn.

Winter. |The year,

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 5

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the OS move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from ah
several points of the compass each their own average meleetie
as shown in the table above . A . . :

Excess of the latter over the former. Q .

8.87

7.92

1.97

1.73
—.24

9.36 8.04

3.29

3.6
+.36

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

360 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. p

(No. 314.) ‘Southeastern Maine.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Kind of Time of the
resultant.

observations. year. Direction.

W. or be-
tween N.&W.

= 25

E. or be-
tween 8. & E.

Ratio of resultant
tosum of winds.

variable.

tween N, & E.
N.

N. E. or be-
tween S. & W.
Calm or

g
e
| Spring 456) 1156) 843 2761) 877| 2557)
Summer 3g 335| 1054 1344/4085) 827| 1858)
Autumn 267| 722) 6385/2856) 928) 2443
Winter 34) | 222) 547) 351/1633/1122| 3479
| The year! ee peo ||P co9. |) ode ces =
Spring 51) 129) 124) 815) 483) 685
Summer | 48 96 72)1338) 666) 627
Autumn 29 99, 100!1242) 495| 607
Winter 30) 53) 51) 764) 564! 563
The year! ea scar Ul accogl ote coral lage ema he gene
Spring 507| 1285 967|3576/1360) 3242
Summer 383) 1150 1416/5423 1493) 2485
Autumn 296) 821) 735/4098 1423) 3050
Winter 252) 600 402)23971686) 4042
The year! oes ces ono | nds |} cco | 660 oe

Ss.

|

a)
B=
E

Aggregate number of
Motion

observations at all stations.

314.

BAAR ABAD haaaans
4444444444443:

combined. of clouds.

2 preceding

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Average duration of Winds in the several months, in the New England States, south of
latitude 45°, deduced from observations made previous to the year 1848, at forty-nine different
stations, for an aggregate period of nearly seventy-nine years.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

si an]
Time of the i a : ; : 5
year. | 5 :

Place of
observation. ]
E.

Calm or

variable.

z
E

N.
East.
South.
Ss. V
West.
N.

.o0
16
-08
-68
16
13
-06
-05|
19
.09} 7.
.19| 9.33
-17(10.23° 17)
1.63) 89.00 | 2.02

=a

January |

February |

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December
Total

13
05
2) .02
3|.16
.08
3/03
2.08
2/.08
3}.02
8|.13

oil
2).99

Mw PRE Os to -T 1°50

of lat. 45°.

BORAT ROD oO

MOMSSOMSMUINS
9 bo bo oo BO bo OO GO GO
WwWomnarakhOoe akhoset
OwWOWTHN NW

2 STUB YR St o> GO WO =D

MIAANHYwrhkoon
a1 SO TOON OATH AT ITO
—

So
PATO MATTED BATH

Poo wo ore Rp oo oo LO

315. New England, south

Sr pte by 0 bo bo 9 oo BS
ERIS SMS OS UR RS

mseoo ROTO Rate oe-T

© BO BS LO U9 9 + BO O9 G9 G0 19 bo
SOW Wi ROS nay

SS 00 bo bo bo

Swoewwon
Pe)

bo
oo
[0 2)
lor
-T
ore
eS

bo

Monsoon
influences.

Time of Direction of

the year. resultant. Direction.

observation.

days.

Place of

Ratio of re-
sultant
Number of

|
|

January |N.
February N,

31.00
28.24
31.00
30.00
31.00
30.00
31.00
31.00
30.00
31.00
November N. 30.00
December ‘N. : - alo 31.00
l Total ae ‘ a | ito Oia al leeeseoeceiewe .- | 365.24

August
September S.
October |S.

New England, south
of lat. 45°.

ATA In Th ta tn th Ba at

315.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 361
(Nos. 316 to 319.) Southern Nova Scotia.
Observed as follows :—
: ae ‘ength
Place of observation. By whom observed. = Date.
of time.
yrs. mos, |
Halifax, Board of Trade, 2 0 1854 and 1855.
Windsor, King’s College, 4 5 1794 and 1857 to 1863 inclusive, except 1860.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 4 influences.
aq
a i Ee E ae
Kind and Time of 2a os 84 83 g | Direction of | os
place of the year. aA on aw By || ais resultant. |<. | Direction.
observations. 2 |°s od] = | os : Pg | Oe o§ : 3
e jas] ¢iae] S$ |ES | & | Fe |ee 23 2
3 B= e = -—F | ae 2 5
Paar Wis ieh eee wee a foam es tb lS) SF
» (44 (| Spring nd el BPS] ey) Ba Sg aig N. 84°51/ W.|.294
[2 8 ||Summer | 12) 6) 0) 6) 11) 11) 8 16 N. 76 19 W.|.215
= |SS4| Autumn | 27) 21) 8 7 16) 68) 37) 48 N. 85 46 W.|.344
5 - 6% | | Winter 7 8) 4 «5 3} 20) 23) 14 N. 86 50 W.}.368
a A ® (| The year? | ... | .- | ow | os 0 200 odo | eon N. 84 12 W.).305
00 (| Spring 85| 64) 14) 59 22) 178) 159) 119 N. 84 43 W..| 355
eS (fee Summer 90} 20 0} 38) 173) 166 72) 205 8. 76 55 W.}.309
ce aes | Autumn | 106) 74) 58) 40) 179} 513) 250) 273 S. 71 51 W.|.410
Be |S 8 || Winter 55| 22) 12) 32) 49 104 228) 86 S. 87 21 W.).485
| TING FEET || cco |! eco ll coo |] cx |] oe > S. 83 1 W.).374
as ape af |
iS fel || aes Spring 7.739.14,2.806.56) 4.40) §.48 15.90) 6.61
n a c,|| Summer |7.50/3.33) 0 |6.33/15.73/15.09) 9.00 12.81
S Pg Autumn 3.93)3-52)/7.25/5.71/11.19) 7.54) 6.76) 5.69
a oe Winter |7.86)2.75|3.00/6.40)16.33) 5.25) 9.91) 6.14
(| Spring 192) 92) 29) 65 75| 197| 111) 181 178) N. 62 21 W.|.24
317 Summer | 122) 81) 48) 72 67) 181) 126 126) 176)N. 83 9 W.|.19
Wind ¥ | Autumn | 141) 88} 31) 36 75| 250) 178) 172) 177|N. 82 25 W.|.314
mmdsor: || Winter | 114) 83/ 33) 39] 37/ 188] 188/ 188] 159)N.72 6 W.|.34
[ Ling) ERIE || geo] 65 ||) Ses |} oes oS B06 a |) coal aan WN te BP Volt
Spring 141; 39) 5) 65 83 91 40| 82) 1/N. 68 21 W.}.163
318 f Summer 75) 17 1) 44 94] 152) 52) 46 6/8. 53 21 W.).38
Halifa | Autumn | 106) 38 1| 40 46; 89 26, 90) 5/N. 58 25 W. 203
ees Winter | 109] 36] 7 28) 22] 50| 28/ 90] 11/N. 31 43 w.|.37
TENS, FELT Il “ceo |) coo} ace |} G00 200 coo C08 Seo cose PN ee I fel ler13)
319. (| Spring 316) 115} 33) 122) 150) 274) 146) 241) 179)N. 66 1 W.).213) N. 62° E. |.063%
Nos. 317 || Summer | 174) 88] 44) 105) 154) 320) 172) 158) 182)S. 72 5 W.|.25 |S. E. |.14°
or 318 4| Autumn | 227) 118| 32) 71} 114) 325) 185) 245) 182,N.78 1 W.|.29 | N. 88} W.|.03
1 combinea, || Winter | 212 107| 39) 58) 55) 218) 201) 262) 170, N. 59 55 W.|.33}) N. 20° W.|.113
Core ee wll Phelyeare || | es |) a eet eel ee hl NN YG) S be we [226
1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:—
| Spring. lemon Autumn. | Winter. | The year.
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 8.14 10.91 6.44 7.01 8.12
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing a 5 a1 Rep ae
average velocity : «39 Bop) BP . .
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass, each their own Beant oe
velocity, as shown in the table 3 0 O D 2.89 3,38 2.64 3.40 3.04
Excess of the latter over the former . 5 5 P +.50 | +1.03 +.42 +.82 +.56

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

AG February, 1875.

362 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 320 to 332.) Atlantic Ocean.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of nearly 15 years, collected and classified,
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE as Monsoon
ComP Ass. aa influences. o
ev ba
= — ~ — Sic ci
2 5
Place of Time of M | | 3 . A Be Direction of Bos . 2
DEERE the year. _/A ) ro] 4 alles = 6 é = { i= $3 resultant. Se Direction, ‘ 3
Elz|AleldlalalalSlal el4| 3/4 \2 |= igs zs z| 3
z\zZ\/42la/alalalalala| ale] B/E l|a|e Se ae g | A
320 Spring 29 23] 45| 14! 27| 76) 34) 8| 74) 41/ 74) 21/ 24) 25) 52) 27| 27'S. 50°30’ W.| .17 |S. 474° E.|.113| 189
rane Summer | 40 11) 32) 25| 45) 13) 41) 42) 73) 64) 133) 58) 63) 29) 37| 16) 30S. 37 17 W.| 31/8. 7}. |.22 | 261
Oona Autumn | 21] 16] 34] 7] 23) 4/11) 6] 24] 15] 39] 20) 44) 30] 37] 17] 12/N. 71 23 W.|.24|N. 5 W.|.11 | 120
75° W Winter 24} 13/11] 5] 15] 3] 11/ 6/ 20] 11) 22] 17] 29] 35) 50) 18] 9/N. 64 41 W.| .28|N.13 W.|.152) 100
3 ivey ef" || Saall| cos|| coal] oanl|: os 3° a 308 ease 124 ANS) Vfl) 0224 |) esndcoco- «| 660
301, {| Spring 46) 22] 34) 12) 51] 13) 26) 34) 50) 32) 47] 47) 76) 29/ 46) 42) 26S. 85 26 W.|.16|N.35 E. |.04}| 211
oe | Summer | 47] 15] 40} 16] 66] 30) 55) 57| 95] 86) 110] 88) 98) 42) 49] 30) 61/S. 38 35 W.| .28/S. 3 E. |.17 | 328
Goto 4 Autumn | 26) 15) 25 21) 24 6 23 24° 52) 23) 42) 36) 55 35] 35) 39/ 208. 80 3 W.| .20 | N. 433 W.|.02 | 167
70° w, | Winter 15} 15] 17) 7} 13] 18) 15] 14) 19) 15} 17] 19) 24) 36) 45) 17) 14)N. 69 58 W.| .20|N. 2 W.|.103] 107
{bi autya sere) |] all Sool coll cal deel) oe ~ SS so [Se¥5. V4 We] 591 Ye ee
309 Spring 35| 28] 30} 9) 28] 9) 21/ 15/ 28] 12} 35! 25) 43| 24).25! 16) 18|N. 63 59 W.|.12|N. 68 E. |.11 | 134
noe Summer | 35) 11| 21) 27) 32) 8) 35] 48 60) 58) 101) 78| 79) 37) 35) 25 46S. 48 19 W.|.31|S. 6 W.|.22 | 245
nae Autumn | 30) 12) 25) 16) 19/6) 15) 11) 26) 25) 48) 32) 43 31) 28) 28) 19 N. 87 38 W.| .24/N. 88 W.|.03 | 138
65° W [ees 15] 16} 9} | 13} 9} 11) 10) 12) 7 21) 11) 23) 33) 40; 24)" GIN. 56 41 W.| .20| N. 144 W.|.16 | 89
LUI Mies eel cool fecal peel) cool) ooalll cael pool) icealll cas!) asa Peco]! as |) col) otetl coal]! Soni i 2) Va SPA ces so se 606
393 Spring 29| 6] 17] 9] 26) 16] 25) 22] 36] 32) 45] 11] 42) 21) 21) 20) 16S. 57 21 W.| .18|S. 532 E. |.12 | 138
Lace Summer | 19] 16] 18] 13] 29] 14) 30) 21] 60| 56] 100) 45) 90] 28] 27| 13] 26/S. 48 24 W.| .40|S. 12 W.|.24 | 202
55° to | Autumn | 39) 20/ 17; 3) 15) 6) 17| 7 30) 23) 34 27| 38) 35) 44) 44) 16/N. 67 21 W.| .31 | N. 143 W.|.15 | 138
60° w. | | Winter 17} 9} 26] 3] 8] 13] 14} 4) 12) 10) 22) 14) 37] 31| 42) 15| 18)N. 62 55 W.| .301/N. 6 W.|.16 | 98
: AUN SIS Ce) cenl|| Beal) cco! coal) seonlll Gcol} cdl! peal)! caoll) onl) con |) ccoll’ Gen || Gaal] cool] ceo!) cecliso GEE AHS Vwi) B24) gssonscon w. | 576
304 Spring 24} 20| 14) 7] 12] 17] 21] 21) 37] 13} 35) 31) 28] 25) 35) 29) 19/8. 81 47 W.| .18|S. 392 E. |.02 | 129
ae |Summer | 30) 13] 33) 8] 35) 21] 38] 26) 62| 37) 73 39) 96] 37| 37| 16) 31/S. 54 24 W.| .27)S. 114 W.|.15 | 210
Bera Autumn | 25] 14} 25] 17) 21] 14) 25) 18) 19| 19) 29) 14) 27| 30) 44! 37/ 25|N.52 7 W.|.13| N. 431 E, |.13}) 134
55° W Winter 15| 21) 18] 7 9} 4] 8] 11] 13] 21) 31] 17) 28) 10] 38] 11] 11)N. 78 59 W.| .24]N. 38 W.|.124, Of
“(| The year! |...) ee) cee] see) see] coe] nee] see] see] eee cee | nee] cee [cee] see] nee] ee Sedo) OO" Well elo) | ea cenneeneee .. | 564
395 Spring 23] 20] 14] 19} 8] 15] 20] 23] 28] 34} 36] 47} 30] 40) 28] 33] 13/S. 78 59 W.| .24| N. 894 W.|.10 | 144
cae Summer | 20) 29] 21) 25) 16) 32) 19) 49) 38) 49) 34) 70) 55) 24) 21) 21) 29)8. 41 45 W.| 22/8. 7 W.|.12 184
see Autumn | 17} 24} 20) 23] 21) 22] 19] 32) 15) 20} 19) 17) 23) 23) 26) 18) 14\N. 78 6 E. | .02|N. 72 HE. |.16 | 118
50° W Winter 21| 15} 5] 19) 6} 19] 12) 22) 15) 21) 9) 26) 18) 36) 19] 16] 3/N. 79 18 W.| .15| N. 103 W.|.0741) 94
a The) year! |) Gon) ceu|) welt cal) tecell lh evel geesil) conlierees!|iaeo sll estegad| tees] |[eeecalll eeel| eee! ieee! | ates | ousmn Odeo OVEN Via etl 2a | ee | 540
January | 42] 21] 28] 25) 22) 26] 16] 21] 39] 32) 46) 33) 51] 59) 64) 35] 20|N. 73 28 W.| .22|N.16 W.).08 | 193
February | 29] 37] 33] 14| 22) 20] 13] 15] 17) 22] 38) 30) 46] 60) 89] 39] 18|N. 51 48 W.| .32|N. 16 W.|.22 | 181
March 52) 24) 30) 21) 56] 32/ 60] 27) 74) 36] 73) 39) 79) 66] 89] 47) 25/S. 82 8 W.|.16|N.77 W.|.03 | 277
April 73] 30] 36) 18] 37| 16] 39] 30] 60] 50} 73) 57/ 56] 49] 63] 57| 39/N. 86 53 W.| .19 | N. W.|.024| 261
396 May 61] 65] 88| 31) 59) 38] 5S) 66/119) 78) 126) 86) 113] 49) 75] 63] 55|S. 56 29 W.|.15 |S. 43 E. |.094) 410
one, June 70) 27) 35| 34) 77) 25] 53) 53)110\112/ 195}137| 158) 71) 54] 36] 40/S. 52 10 W.| .35|S. 24 W.|.22 | 429
45° to July 62] 35] 67| 31] 76] 43] 85) 87/160/150| 222/186) 204) 86] 90) 61/112/S. 50 32 W.| .34| 8S. 20 W.}.214) 589
75° W August 59| 33) 62) 49] 70| 50) 80/103/118] 88] 134) 55] 119] 40] 62] 24) 71/S. 18 52 W.| .22| 8. 314 B. |.224) 406
* || September] 54) 59) 67| 36) 52) 24) 39) 44) 74) 72) 90) 48} 86) 49) 55] 47| 46/N. 68 44 W.| .16 | N. 274 W. |.08$) 314
| October 49| 19] 41} 20) 33) 13} 27] 32) 55| 30} 39) 31| 64| 60] 75) 59’ 25|N. 67 33 W.| .23|N. 13 W.|.104) 224
November | 55] 23] 38] 31| 38| 21) 44] 22] 37) 23} 82] 58) 80] 75| 84| 77] 35|/N. 68 51 W.| .26| N. 26 W.J.41 | 274
December | 36] 31] 25] 9] 20) 20) 42] 31) 35] 31] 38] 41/ 62] 62) 81| 27] 23|N. 82 22 W.| .24| N. 462 W.|.05 | 205
U| The year |642/404/550/319/562/328/556/531/898 724 1156/801 1118/726 881/572/509|S. 85 8 W.|.19] ........ 3763
397 Spring 14] 13] 6] 10) 5| 9) 16) 29] 22) 42) 50] 62) 51) 72) 33] 43) 18/S. 80 10 W.| .43 | N. 83} W.|.13}] 165
ne | Summer | 11) 12) 7| 17] 15) 35] 31) 36) 43] 64) 26] 49) 38] 31] 19] 20] 28/8. 27 22 W.| .20|S. 654 B. |.21¢) Tol
Wars Autumn | 16] 16] 6) 11) 4) 10) 7 8] 21) 25) 16) 17| 8] 37| 25) 17) 9|N. 81 54 W.| .24|N. 22 BE. |.13 84
45° W Winter 7} 9] Of} 7 8! 6] 2] 11/ 11] 30) 16] 16) 24] 25) 17] 21] 9|N. 81 42 W.| .35|N. 23 W.|.15 | 7
“| Dheryear! | ve cs] coss|lesee|| wool call evc[icceel| cea] cael) ace |) coe, cell Sese|| tess Geel eet] SHO72)239)" Vel (2 30) |i
gos. {| Spring 13] 18} 5] 9} 1] 9] 19) 19) 24) 34) 35) 57) 37] 34] 13) 23] 10/8. 66 15 W.| .39| 8. 76 W.|.09 | 120
rane | Summer 6] 7| '7| 20] 21| 14) 21| 55] 28] 50] 42] 59) 36] 28] 13] 15] 19/S. 31 16 W.| .37|S. 223 B. |.194) 147
aeons Autumn | 19] 12} 6] 18} 9] 12} 8| 9] 10] 13} 21/18) 19) 33) 10] 16) 13|N. 73 15 W.) .19| N. 245 E. |.19 82
40°? W | Winter 5| 5] 1| 2) 3] 3] 6] 13) 4] 10] 10) 24) 29] 17) 15] 2| 1/8. 71 17 W.| .35|N. 59 W.|.05 | 900
5 The year! | ... 23 2oa|| coo ssel|| enei[3e 102) SON Viel wo Ol | Nieieearereeeneens 399
399 | Spring 16| 35} §| 12} 4/13] 4} 10) 19] 23] 14] 27] 27] 29) 19] 27] 4/N. 65 56 W.|.26/N. 8 W.|.d8 | 97
rious | Summer 5] 3] 2} 23) 10) 19] 22) 31] 22] 23/ 29] 34] 22] 22) 14] 19] 15/S. 29 12 W:! .27|S. 252 E. |.18h) 105
3° to {| Autumn 9} 9) 13] 17/ 12) 9] 3] 14] 13) 13} 7] 10} 14] 10) 13) 5] 13/S. 12 44 B.| .06|N. 23H, |.220) 702
35° w, || Winter 1} 3| 3] 1) 5] o| 3] 4] 7 12) 13] 11] 15] 17) 15] 5) O|S. 80 18 W.| .48|S. 87 W.|-26 | 190
* [| The year! | ...| ... ayy tH oo veo[ S71 43 We.) -222 | scence een
330 [ Spring 16] 31] 12) 16) 10} 8] 14] 13{ 20] 21) 23] 26) 8] 19) 17| 23] 8|N. 71 23 W.| .10| N. 461 B. |.13 | 98
Lond: Summer | 15] 11) 5] 8/ 16) 5) 18] 21) 24) 28) 19] 30] 35] 29] 30) 36] 18/S. 82 53 W.| .27| N. 734 W.|.08 | 116
nein Autumn | 13) 9] 6) 11) 4) 5| 3 17| 15/19) 5] 15] 24) 22| 19) 14] 13/N. 86 44 W.| .24 | N. 334 W.'.08) 71
30° W Winter 5| 3] 6] 5] 12) 5] 8 13] 12] 19] 19] 23] 13) -5! 4] 11]. Q/S. 35 30 W.|.82|S. 125. |:20 | bd
i The yyear || 525) ene] tens| ieee teen | do: 18. vo 19) W.) 222 eaceace | 337

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 331 and 332.)

Place of
observa-
tion.

Time of
the year.

SERIES B. ZONE 10

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

THE COMPASS.

ay EAT

40°

HORA Sie) Ne

Atlantic Ocean.— Continued.

|

Direction of
resultant.

Calm or
variable.

363

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Ratio of resultant to

| sum of winds.

Number of days.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

41 14
35

32

30° 42! W.) .19
W.|.

Ro eere
oS

{| The year!
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September] 32)
October
November
December
The year

2)

a

174/206)325)/319|450

381/534) 448 491/326):

RRAnDAAZAaa

ZOAZaZunnanann mindz

1184 W.|.144
67, W.|-08
28 W.|.11

(Nos. 333 to 354.)

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

Portugal and Spain, north of latitude 40°.

Place of observation. By whom observed. dengtne Date.
yrs. mos.
Balaguer, Spain, PP. Jesuitas, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Barcelona, Spain, | D. Antonio Rave, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Bilbao, Spain, D. Manuel Naveran, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Burgos, Spain, D. José Otano, 2 0 1867 and 1868.
Cantabria, Spain, OSS RO eae ae 1 0 1785.
Corunna, Spain, D. Benito Angel Sotelo, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Huesca, Spain, D. Serafin Casas, 2 10 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Leon, Spain, PP. Jesuitas, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Madrid, Spain, Observatory, 12 0 1853 to 1862, and December, 1866, to November, §
Oporto, Portugal, D. Joaquin Gomez Coelho, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868. [1868, both inclusive. }
Oviedo, Spain, D. José Ceruelo, 14 0 1852 to 1862, and 1866 to 1868, both inclusive.
Salamanca, Spain, | D. Gabriel Aparicio, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Santiago, Spain, D. Antonio Casares, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Saragossa, Spain, | D. Marcelo Guallart, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Soria, Spain, D. Benito Caiahorra, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Valladolid, Spain, | D. Dionisio Barreda, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
Vergara, Spain, D. Paulino Caballero, ] 11 1867 and 1868.
Villaviciosa, Spain,) D. Eduardo Conde, 3 0 1866, 1867 and 1868.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE a Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. He influences. ‘
: =e Sal ss
A ca} A= i= ae =
Place of Time of 23 ob | 82 2g & Direction Ofeiee a f ; =
observation. | the year. ar | eae yi be ae resultant. ate Direction. 5
eo eeeM lee (sie etal Weal ol easel Se aie
Bate ire sien cele Sie ae ee 5| 3
ZIASl A |ns wm |me! Fae fa = a
Spring 41| 67 ih) a BBM WB ey ANS N. 85° 32/ W.!.14
333 Summer 53) 97 0} 3} 5} (78) = 28) 12) ... IN. 17 69 W.|.26
Rivne Autumn 52) 85 2) 12) 30) 59) 14) 19 IN. 1 48 E. |.164
5°- || Winter 48] 63| 2) 16] 46| 61) 21] 14 N. 3 25 W.|.06 |
The year 5 § 5 N. 32 58 W.|.124

364

(Nos. 334 to 346.)

Place of
observation.

334.
Corunna.

335.
North-
western
Spain,!

336.
Oporto.

337.
Oviedo.

338.
Leon.

339.
Burgos.

340.
Bilbao.

341.
Cantabria.

342.
Vergara.

343.
Northern
Spain.2

Lao

345.
Valladolid.

346.
Villavici-
osa.

if
|
4
|
f
I
L
f
|
L
f
|
|
L
{
|
}
|
L
f
|
l
}
f
|
{
|
l
f
|
4
|
L
f
|
|
L
if
|
{
|
L
|
t

Time of
the year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year3
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year? |

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

WINDS

OF

THE GLOBE,

Portugal and Spain.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS PROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

14
17
13
13
17
60

N. E, or be.

tween N,& FE,

25
33
30
20
108
84
116
dil
123
434
60
66
86
96
308

East.

bo
ACNWOUWaAQ

we
ost

93

33
134

ek

S. E. or be-

tween 8. & E,

sTW OS to

South,

or be-
tween 5.& W.

Ss. W.

Monsoon

ta influences,
= 23 |-
Pia Re 2
~ 3 ¢ | Direetionof | 96 i :
on! ics resultant. | ¢ | Direetion.
Be Niet Se 5)
gr 3 | ae ze :
| & hee 5 & iF
6| 62) ... |N. 47°22) W.|.24 |
LIP Sf = Ns 0) 9 uw. 39
4) 107) N. 42 35 W.|.403
5h eal N. 78 33 W.|.18
see Peel tees INS Sb Lb Wea:
34) 78 N. 64 29 W.|.18 | S. 29° W.|.09
29| 92 N. 6 53 W.|.32 | N. 25° E. |.17
18} 126] ... |N. 30 3 W.|.27 |N.18 W.|.07
26] 55}... |N. 79 45 W./.12 |S. 2 Wz./.143
107| 351| ... [N. 33, 42 W.|.20
49| 45] ... |N. 78 23 W.|.34 | N. 80 W.|.14
82} 61 ... |N. 54 34 W./.58 |N. 45 W.|.41
30] 51] ... |S. 79 43 W.|.12 |S. 48 BE. |.09
18] 24) ... |S. 38 30 EB. /.29 |S. 54 B. |.46
179| 181 IN. 77 57 W.|.19
72) 54) ... |N. 42 20 W.|.221|8. 46 E. |.05
79| 29| ... IN. 2 38 E. |.34 | N.56 W.|-2
74| 62) ... (N.57 9 W.|.25 | 8. 20 W-|.07
135} 49] ... IN. 67 21 W.|.44 |S. 81 W.|.202
SEO} HOSP ve HNS Boe 02) WEED Wi tencketeent ei fmees
34, 37} ... |S. 18 35 W.|-273
61{ Ti}... {S. 22 4 W.}.15
33] 21 S. 65 27 W.|.11
34} 32 IS. 69 50 BE. |.10 |
nol eas 8. 15 6 W.|.122
18{ bt... IN. 54 50 BE. | 143
21; 2} ... |N. 40 19 E. |.543
25] 3] ... [N. 35 59 E. |.18 }
30) 4)... IN. 3 32 E. |.04
94] 14! ... |N. 33 50 E. |.26
5| 167} N. 43 13 W.|.363
4| 230 N. 38 18 W.|.82
2) 128 N. 60 19 W.|.08
3} 91 N. 67 15 E. |.13
14) 616; ... |N. 35 36 W.|.31
184) 222] 39 |S. 87 52 W.|.31 | -....- ae
25] 78} ... |N. 67 6 W.|.272
53| 82] ... IN. 58 26 W.|.634
24) 75 IN. 54 42 W.|.264
17} 65} ... |N. 69 11 W.|.31
scouif cee fees) (Ns (Glu SGN Walscni
82] 287| ... |N. 73 1 W.|.13 |S. 23 W.|.07
139} 325] ... [N. 34 31 W.|.363| S. 293 W.|.224
84} 297| ... IN. 45 11 W.|-10 | 8. 35 E. |.14
84| 192) ... |N. 56 43 E. |.02 |N. 50 E. |.343
seuif ee lp en UN. d8) Lae Welokeame
36} 63] ... IN. $4 20 W.|.21
36} 100) ... [N. 37 44 W.|.33 |}
35| 62] ... IN. 4 42 W.|.042
35| 54! ... |S. 78 38 E. |.042}
142) 279| ... [N. 49 27 W-1.12
23} 12 S. 33 31 W.|.20
26} 3} ... |S. 11 25 E. |.2421
16} 12] ... |S. 67 59 E. |.11
6| 4]... |S. 64 24 E. |.11
71) 34) ... |S. 26 33 E. |.08
20} 20} ... |S. 48 2 W./.13
22| 20} ... IS. 14 50 W.|.023
16} 23 ... |N. 66 17 E. ‘104
8| 18) ... IN. 57 35 E. |.16
66] 82] ... [N. 82 5 E. |.032

Number of days.

! Observed at Santiago and Corunna.
5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 Observed at Leon, Burgos, Bilbao, Vergara and Oviedo.

_————

SERIES B.

(Nos. 347 to 354.)

Place of
observation,

Nov. 1868. 1853-1862.
No.of h’rs.

347. Madrid.

No. of
hours.

No. of kilome- Aggregate Dec. 1866-

to Nov. 1868.

oe ee S58 OO een a aaa eee 8888 aaa 8 eee oh aR. a0 aaa SS O—ooooeaeesesesne

tres, Dec. 1866,

—

348.
Soria.

349.
Northern
Central
Spain.!

350.
Saragossa.

Spl,
Huesca.

352.
Balaguer.

353.
Barcelona.

354.
Northeast-
ern Spain.?

| Summer

| Summer

Time of
the year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring

Autumn
Winter
The year

Spring

Autumn
Winter
The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summe
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year3
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

ZONE 10.

LAT.

40°

TO 45°

Portugal and Spain.— Continued,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

6926
4724
2765
6521

20936

N. E. or be-

8088)
423656

24857
22928
22234
22640
92659

2240

tween N. & E.

99
133)

98

74
404
473)
574)
543)
650)

A se
3 ae

gee) = Fe] 3

A | ws n | ns eS
8 | eI) 1G)
7 Gy Bal a
9 7 TA) Te) 8
9 5 8} 15 a
38] 25) Sei i, BG
255| 394] 329] 1064) 409
409| 513) 297} 869} 456
422] 429) 439] 846) 315
389| 438] 297) 720) 271
1475] 1774| 1362| 3499) 1451
2175| 2074] 3209] 5624) 2809
2089] 1953) 1977] 6629) 3096
2582] 2109| 3119] 5406) 2235
2549| 1638] 2217] 4320) 1951
9395] 7774|10522)21979 10091
3517| 8201] 5120/22536| 8736
5722) 5970) 3787|16178| 8170
4345) 6867| 4991|13785| 4019
4368) 3891| 3455|12956) 5030
17952|24929|17356/65475|25955
Wl 26 il} §=Gal 9B
ey Alc: <t) eat
Al Bil al Beil. ae
o| 18 3 Bal BB
23) 102) 14) 207) 101
170) 159} 195} 567| 222
200) 132) 142] 515) 237
207| 187) 206) 444) 184
205] 151) 160) 421} 163
782] 629) 703] 1947) $800
o| 94 0 6 2
21 69 0 6
0| 73 1 A ae
0 57 0 5 2
2) 293 iN) Ges By
ii) GA TG) | TB) ny
al, Gay 5] 14) 98
10} 55 0 5 5
3] 43 0} 10) 10
Al 29)) F 24) 44i ve2
28] 45] 25) 63] 48
12) QO) al] 0
AAO eS eS
61] 40) 60; 69) 31
63| 58] 98) 46 7
56) soll Az) 53) 58
321 12 19! 36) 101
212; 141) 924) 204) 197
96, 231] 94! 134) 132
95| 264) 128] 130] 98
we) De) zy ei) al
59| 152) 42) 78) 141

10109

10881

31287

tween N. & W.

N. W. or be-

9
10
10
6)
35
483)
503)
328
394
1708)
2643
2903
2728
1834

7483
6605
6318

51
34
58

Direction
of resultant,

- 72°52! W.|.064
- 86 58 W.}.12
58 20 W.|.

A

for]

=

iv\)
eller

vA
SAM PASS SASHA

- 78 1 W.}.18+

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Paes

whe
and4

boat We
we

IAT TAT TMinINTA AP tn tp
a ye or Ory

12 th tn tA

roSoo
SwweSo

1a, tA
pads

WEN

365

bop= bof top

083
164
04

214

! Observed at Sa

amanea, Valladolid, Villaviciosa, Madrid and Soria.

2 Observed at Saragossa, Huesca, Balaguer and Barcelona.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

366 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 355 to 368.) Southern France. ;
Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Bagneres de Bigorre, by F. W. Lyte, during the year 1864.

Bordeaux, 1837 to 1846, and by Abrai, during the years 1847 to 1851, and 1853 to 1856, all
inclusive.

Eaux Bonnes, by Dr. B. Schnepp, from June to September inclusive, 1864.

Marseilles, during the years 1823 to 1840 inclusive, and by B. Valz, during 1847, 1848, and from
1850 to 1860 inclusive.

Montpelier, during a period of probably 37 years; date not preserved.

Orange, by Gasparin, during the years 1848, 1849 and fourteen earlier years whose date is not
preserved.

Pau, by E. Oliphant, for an aggregate period of 12 months in the years 1866, 1867 and 1868.

Rodez, by Blondeau, from October, 1845, to September, 1847, and during the years 1848 to 1852,
both inclusive. 2 . y

St. Hyppolyte de Caton, by C. d’Hombres, during the years 1837 to 1853 inclusive.

Toulouse, by Marconelle, during the years 1747 to 1756 inclusive, and by Petit, during the years
1839 to 1847, 1849, 1850, 1851, 1853, 1855 to 1857, and 1859 to 1862, all inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE Monsoon
Compass. 3 influences.

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

Calm or

355.
Bordeaux,
1837-1846.

The year

Spring
Summer
| Autumn
Winter
The year®

356.
Bordeaux,
after 1846.

The vear
|
| Spring

| Autumn
Winter
The year?

358.
Pau.

Boa A aba o
'ahq 4 d44aq

359.
Eaux
Bonues.

Summer
September

.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring

‘a
eo
t
|
Summer
|
}
|

17
N. 46 W.|.35 |
S. 894 E. |.15—
S..15 W.|.25

360.
Bagneres
de Bigorre.

.

361.

Autumn
Toulouse.

Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

362.
South-
western
France.!

5 = (OC) N 7
THOR WAOTIWAIAH Ww

or

S. 64 W.|.115
363.
Rodez N. , 5 W.|}.12

44444244444444444444 FP

364.

Montpelier. The yearye,

Spring 5815)...| 3733)... 555 ---| 4287)...| 359] ...) 222) .../1834
Summer 6936}...) 2625)... ..-| 486] ...| 4296]...] 286) ...| 349) .../1923
Autumn 5127]...| 3399)... B . 3] ...| 4422)...) 511) ...| 458] .../1966
Winter 6266)...) 4002)... des +-{ S11§}...| 195) ...| 470] ...)2320) ...
The year |24144).../13759]...|976|...|2041) .../16123]...|1341] .../1499] .../8043) ...

S. 10 E, |.12.
S. 53} W.|.15
S. 5 W.|.18
N. 274 W.|.06

355.

St. Hyppo-
lite de
Caton.

ZAZAZAZA A UAAAAANEAmMNAAnAMAM mA

BRS ge bf

48

' Observed at Bordeaux, Pau, Eaux Bonnes, Bagnerres de Bigorre and Toulouse.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 3867

(Nos. 366 to 368.) Southern France.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
Points OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of
| resultant.

observation. | the year. | Direction. |

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days,

Calm or yar,

Spring Sol! lice ve oe oe6 seal) PAS occ «| O|N. 10°41/ W.|. 250600000 ... | 184
366. ° Summer (338)... ee Bee Hho.94 | LLIB} lone | aso | | O|N. 10 8 F moa taee lS:
OS Autumn ..-|28]...] 8]... 64)... --| 69)...| 9)...)124)... .28 8 182
he Winter 286).../14)... Be 60 eco calh) te tacel =col| (OPN 118} B74 ooo || tlfssil
The year? |... }...|...]-+-|ess) e+ coo|fcés.|\cce|| 26el]a00 ccol}ooo! ao 51 W.|. ponecpeee. |, ben. || HOB)
Spring c 32] 0/292) O41: 34) N. 26 W.).4 ec -|.055 |1196
367 Summer | \Az 346} 0 49/5. 86 58 W.).E . GF .|. 214 |1196
Ma eaiilos | Autumn | } | (pO 6 4 ales b -06 |1183
* | | Winter | . 52 21 W.).< . 364 -19 |1143
ahs $2278 || coollosallooullacol| wallooa||) o0al|é001} soolfeee|) aaa | : . 80 34 Fe .. |4718
Been Summer b-olfoscl|ssellaoa||decl[ees!! “esollesoll) caatlee | Mooatloee ooolfoc|foce |INla, GaP alee 0 10 |
ae Autumn coq|[c0¢|sc0]{005||25]}400|} ceofase|| ccn||sc0|] de0|{o00 ono 7 Ae alfoz c 02
ae WWE of} ondl|ccalleaslloco|[4calloon} ctelleco|) caclfecall “osallecs ae : alee 0 ollil
saees The year | seeleseleee|eee|ece|ere] ceeleee! cue] ece] see /eee 000 \N. W.|.374

1 Observed at Rodez, Montpelier, St. Hyppolite de Caton, Orange and Marseilles; resultants computed by plotting.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 369 to 381.) Italy, Dalmatia, Turkey and the Black Sea.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Black Sea. Neither date nor length of time ascertained.

Bologna, Italy, during the years 1784 and 1814 to 1858 inclusive.

Constantinople, Turkey, by Rev. H. G. O. Dwight, for the author, from November 21st, 1839, to
July 13th, 1841.

Genoa, Italy, during the month of March, 1843.

Mentone, Italy, by D. A. Freeman, for 15 months, in the years 1864, 1865 and 1866.

Naples, \taly, during the years 1833 to 1860 inclusive.

Nice, Italy, by M. Teysseire, during March and July to December inclusive, in the year 1864.

Parma, ltaly, during 43 months in the years 1841, 1855, 1856 and 1857.

Ragusa, Dalmatia, during the year 1851.

Rome, Italy, during the years 1783 to 1785, and 1850 to 1860, both inclusive.

St. Zeno, Italy, during the year 1781.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

Ratio of resultant

Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.

I. or be-
tween N. & E.
tween 8, & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or
No. of days.

N.

i Ss. W. or be-

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

| The year!
| Spring
Autumn
| Winter

March

or
oo

64° 30/ E.
28 44 E.
34 54 FE. |
48 7 E. |.
42 39 E. .48
85 W.!.20
69 2 W.!.36
. 83 W.|.17

19 i. |.46

ip a
ae
=

to)

369.
Nice.

ww
pay

pwws | West.

TB pee
Pee HO

370.
Mentone.

By Ale
Genoa.
372.
St. Zeno.

ANALANANH

77 . |.84
21 31 &E. |.27
22 3 W.!.19
34 34 W.
42 13 W.).36
20 28 W.|.22

The year
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

373.
Parma.

(NSS SS SSS

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

368 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. 4

(Nos. ie to vee ) Italy, ete.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE
CoMPASs.

1
| Direction

Place of f

observation, the year.

oO
resultant. Direction.

variable,
to sum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

Ss. E
South.
Ss. W
Calm or

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

374.
Bologna,
1814-58.

DPNNNPwhwrpoHe
WPNNNWWNNHHEH
NROTTIAONENH

MOO oO PB OS ao

...|N. 69°20’ W.|.

-(|N. 55 8 W.!.
...|N. 82 26 W.|.
.|N. 80 31 W.|.
Neu co2 Wills

| The year see ace ost aes awe 55 ma | --(N. 87 13 W.}.

o-=Tb

Se, Mere eee

roe
wy

EPNOAMoOHENWNWWNNNNHS
oo

SCPRMODMDDONWWNHWNWRWWWh hb

0 WO ATT Ee bo
Pio aTaT HHH

or
wo
=
es

bo

374(a).
Bologna,
1784.
374(b).
Nos. 369
to 374
combined.

Spring 29)) <..|| 102) <../1'7i|| 1) 62)\+... oS es ae see N. 12 21 E.
Summer ae See U2 ies Ap eas Ss ata aca N.19 44 W.).
Autumn a BIL] een BEDI cee az6 5 lates <a ha ee 3)N. 69 43 W.}.12
Wiuter 36| «.- ies oa Be oan ss ce 355 N.57 45 W.).
The year we een (O20) cea Zool mene ait op af) ba coo Eke 18 W.|.12

if

{

L
| January
February
Mareh
April
May
June
July
| August
| September

:

U

if

an)

L

October
November
December
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
bil gece
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The years

SAIWONbOOME SS

S. 34 W.|.12
S. 444 W.|.27
N. 53 B. |.04$
N. 403 E, |.34—

I

bo

*Ssooeoooceoecoscseseooorpeosewseoscoscsoocoscwonw

is
SSSSSSSOSCONMDWHWNWHAROSOHWOONE

SWNNWNre

e
::

j=l
OH oO sTO- bo bo Ww oO OoeT

bre
os
5 de
Ȥ SCOOCSCSCOCCOCsooeoooowOmORHOaworcorcocone
b
—
i=)

SP COSCSSOSSOSOSSSOSCSOSCO OHM OR WW ORE HH NH HH OO DD
TP SSSCSSSOSCSSSSSSOSSSCOAMSCMOMOHARAHENNOGHE

i coeeocesoocooosooSoooR
PT ANAOoENNHHNWwhbybb
> ooceceooooocoeosesosso
ss sooocececoeoscooeosoe

2 oo co Soc

aE OO)
s PODMDDOTENWWWWWNWhwwow

TWO WWE EE eee ee
ANB DaNNNNww

: oo

bo
te
eit

Oo X}
Oo ke Bordo co
SABOND

Babahshasassaa

combined.?

378.
Ragusa.

~I
Cs

' Separate months and seasons for all the years except 1783 and 1784.
2 Resultants combined by plotting 3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SIS I IBIS 15 ZA INI M4 IAN 2009 YN) Zia ANT 369
(Nos. 379 to 381.) Italy, ete.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE Monsoon
COMPASS. - influences.

Place of ob-| Time of the

i ! Direction of
servation. year.

| resultant. rection
\

S. Wi

South.
Number of days.

S

&
Bs

Awe WHO
ee
EoOwRa

S INF bo OO

ON . |.28 | N. 22° W.|.02
ON ey » 493 Bi. 1.25
ON V0" | S2339 Wel.
ON sa . 66 W.|.
ON Bo aN Ry -o8

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year
January

nople.!

eA pos Soe

oe

=
w
i

February
March
April )
May
June
July
August i ‘
September
ctober
November }
December
The year
January
February
March

S9\N.

35° E.).
LE —

35° E.).

September

October
November }
December
The year

Black Sea (east of longitude Black Sea (west of longitude Constanti-

-——_—

1 The following remarks by Mr. Dwight accompanied these observations :—

“Tn regard to my record of the winds, I must say that if I had been situated where I had a high vane to guide me, the table
would probably have shown some slight veerings to the east or west, which do not now appear. There is, however, no doubt of the
fact that the wind here, as a general thing, blows either from the northeast or southwest. A wind from either of the four cardinal
points never continues long in Constantinople. During the fifteen or sixteen years that I have been here, I have noticed that our
prevailing wind in summer is northeast. Indeed, from July to October it is so constantly and regularly from that quarter as to be
almost a monsoon; and during that period the nights are very apt to be calm. The wind begins to blow gently soon after sunrise,
and it increases until, say two o’clock, when it not unfrequently blows very strong, and then gradually dies away, and soon after }
sunset it becomes calm again. During the prevalence of this wind in summer, the atmosphere is usually clear, or, at least, there

"are only flying clouds, without rain ; but in winter the north wind always brings clouds and rain. When the south wind blows in
summer, it is usually a mere land breeze, and I have often myself observed, in passing up the Bosphorus on a summer’s day, when |
the wind is southwest at the entrance of the Bosphorus, into the Sea of Marmora, it is northeast at the northern end of the same §
strait, 7. e. as it issues from the Black Sea. I have known it to blow all day thus in opposite directions, the two winds meeting at
the middle of the strait, where it was perfectly calm.

“One fact you will probably notice from my table, and that is, that there is far more southerly wind in winter than in summer.

j And this leads me to say a word in reference to your question, whether I know of any local cause, besides the direction of the straits,
that would affect the wind? About seventy or eighty miles south of us is the high range of Mount Olympus (not Thessalian, but
Bythnian), whose summit is at least eight thousand feet above the sea level, and, of course, in winter it is covered with an immense
mass of snow. This has been supposed to be the chief cause of our having so much southerly wind in winter. Ido not.give this §
as my opinion, however, but I simply state the fact of such a mountain being in such a relative position to the capital, and also an f
inference that has been drawn from that fact. I have always noticed that our coldest weather in winter comes when the southerly |
wind first begins to blow, which I account for on the supposition that such a wind brings first over us the frozen atmosphere of
Olympus, and other high ranges of mountains in the interior. But if the wind continues two or three days (and it sometimes does |
two or three weeks uninterruptedly in winter), it is sure to bring mild and almost summer weather. The barometer here invariably }
sinks with a southerly wind, and the rain-poiut is much higher with a northerly than with a southerly wind. I have sometimes
noticed an alarming fall in the barometer, but I soon learned not to anticipate any unusual storm from that, if the wind was just
coming from the south or southwest. Our heaviest blows and our most copious rains ordinarily come just as the wind is changing
from a southerly to a northerly direction.

“As you are interesting yourself in the study of the winds, I will just mention one more fact, though an isolated one. (I wish
Thad more of them.) Three years ago I was in Smyrna, in the autuimn, when we had one of the most dreadful gales I have ex-
perienced on these shores. It came in the night, and blew for four or five hours, I think, with the greatest violence, so that much
damage was done to the shipping. I took particular notice of the wind, and found that the same gale had been felt, if possible,
still more severely in Constantinople, though somewhat later, 7. e. two or three hours perhaps; and an observant sea captain of my
acquaintance, who happened to be off this port at the time, informed me that the wind here was from the southwest, 7. e. directly
opposite that of Smyrna. I must say, however, that as I took no note of it at the time, I am not positively certain it was later at
Constantinople. It may have been so much earlier instead of later, though my strong impression is that my first statement 1s

} correct. The main point. however, to which my mind was directed, was the fact that in the same gale the wind blew from opposite
quarters at Smyrna and at Constantinople. The distance between the two cities, by sea, is estimated at about 300 miles, though by
an air line it must be considerably less.”

47 March, 1875,

370 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 382 to 396(a).) Southeastern Russia, Asia Minor and Trans-Caucasia.

Observed at the following places, viz: :—

Alagyr, Russia, during the months of October and November, 1853.

Alexandropol, Trans-Caucasia, during the years 1853, 1858 to 1865 inclusive, and the summer
and autumn of 1852.

Alexandrovskaya, Stanitza, Russia, by Dr. Land, during the years 1848, 1849 and 1850.

Bakou, Trans-Caucasia, during the years 1852, 1853, 1865, 1866, 1870, 1871; the two latter years
by Morganoff and Martschenko.

Derbend, Russia, during the years 1852, 1853.

Grosnoe, Russia, during the years 1870, 1871, by Toptschewski and Klossowski.

Gudaur, Trans-Caucasia, by Federof, three years, 1870 to 1872.

Koulais, Trans-Caucasia, from January, 1852, to August, 1853, inclusive.

Poti, oe gener during the years 1870, 1871, by Lupanoff.

Redut-Kaleh, Trans-Caucasia, from December, 1852, to November, 1853, inclusive.

Sevastopol, Russia, during the years 1865 and 1866, by Seredovitch.

Simferopol, Russia, by Milhausen, during a period of 29 years, 1822 to 1853 inclusive.

Stanitza. See Alexandrovskaya.

Stavropol, from December, 1864, to November, 1866, inclusive.

Tiflis, Trans-Caucasia, at the Observatory, hourly, from June, 1844, to May, 1847, December,
1849, to November, 1851, December, 1852, to November, 1853, and December, 1856, to November,
1857, all inclusive.

Trebizond, Asia Minor, during the year 1836.

Wladikawkas, Russia, during the year 1872.

Norre.—By “ Russia” in the heading of this chapter is intended Russia in Europe, north of the Caucasian
ehain; and by Trans-Caucasia, the Russian provinees south of the Caucasian chain.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction

Place of ob-| Time of
of resultant.

servation. the year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.

tween N. & E.
tween S. & E.
tween S.& W.
tween N.& W.
Ratio of resultant
Number of days

N_E, or be-

S.E

S. W. or be-
| West

N. W. or be-

Calm or

Spring
| Summer
Autumn 5 2 : 5) ASI ne j d j8|N. 40 39 E.
Winter 3} 128) 4 : _6 2% 3) 2211/8. 88 49 E.
|The year | ¢ 369) 3% 30} 28 78 y iF - 28 52

7°45’. |.13 | N. 79° W.|}.0
1 43 W.).2 N. 42 W.|.
2 N

5

be
eo

- 65 EK.

| The year 2 12

January 647) 716/3580/1640' 716) 623/1455| 623
February | 831)1345|/3839|1394| 587) 611) 953) 440
| March 404) 869/2202/1454) 909) 586)1818/1758
April 309} 808/2660/1235] 713] 380)2446)1449

June 194) 242/3099/1550) 557; 654/3026, 678
July 165} 220)2417|/2253) 467| 797/3241) 440
August 588) 402/4365)1796| 248) 248)1765|) 588
September] 635) 525/4751/2017| 221) 166) 994) 691
October 610) 707)3220)1415)2024) 439)1073| 512
November} 609) 641/3141)1955)1122) 801)1378) 353
December | 609] 748)4432/1607) 914) 665] 803} 222
Spring 300) 639)2356|/1473| 789) 526)2459)1459
Suminer 316} 288/3294)1866| 424 566 2677 569
Autumn 618) 6243704)1796/1122) 469)1148) 519
Winter 696) 936/3950/1547| 739) 633/1070| 428
The year 482! 622/3326/1670| 769) 549/1839) 743) ...
Spring 256) 391/1248) 768) 475) 312/1249) 838} 200
Summer 221) 212/1743] 963] 259) 314)1362) 459) 202
Autumn | 373) 410/1975| 943] 610) 271) 600) 373} 168)
Winter 424) 596)1517| 826) 473) 377) 557] 237) 211)
The year S09 2768 7131/3860 1481)1878)/4291/3220/13051

384,
Sim fero-

ANURADHA A

A tn

wm
.

ZED RRA A nA ch
L b I
fed fet bd at tt fa ft bd Pa bt tt td

: May 186] 239]2207|1729) 745) 612)3112/1170
f
|
m4
|
L

! Sevastopol and Simferopol combined, using only one-half of the numbers for Simferopol in order to give
them their proper weight.

i Prebizond.!

SHRINS Ba “ZOND 10: LAT. 40° DO 45° N. 27]

(Nos. 386 to 390.) Southeastern Russia, ete.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DiIfrerkeNnTt POINTS OF THE OOMPASS. influences.

Place of
observation. ;

Direction of
resultant.

or be-

Direction,

or be-
tween 8. & W. |

W.
tween N. & W. |
to sum of winds.

variable,
Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

tween N. & E. |

S. E. or be-
Calm or

N. E. or be-
1 oe OD | S. & E. |
SeSSeponwo] wens: g

S.W.
N.

| Spring
Sumwer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year 3] 362

N. 16° 42/ H. 1.32
N. 18
- 14
9 ‘lle

. 37 0 lo%8) || Sconenace
- 26
S. 56

S. 48

386.

ry

387.
Stavropol.

Poti.

Spring i 57 35
Summer 16 27
Autumn 8
Winter 3 6
The year 2 135 j 34; 76
Spring Z 96 ‘ 32
Summer 5 4 41 fe 24
Winter 95 7
January 63) 1830 3067 1373/2380
February 73| 782 2033) 905 30/1740)2950
March 680)1557 4170) 95 93) 757)1390
April 0! 583 4737 1067|1080
May 3) 473 5743 557)\1800
June 97| 527 1400)1817 1867/3173
July 3; 750 2773)1433 537|2553
August 1107 3183/1063 1343/1800
September 3} 520 4537|1743 637|1587
October 93)1090 3323)2247 490/2190
November 31443 3137] 983) 343/1120/2070
December | 117/1043 2400) 517 |1347)3533
Spring 871 4885] 813 | 1794/1423
Summer 795 245211438 5 1249}2509
Autumn 240 1018 3666/1658 749|1949
Winter 251/1219 2500} 606 1487/2954
The year | 447) 976 3375/1129 5, 1070|2209)

388.
Redut-
Kaleh.?

389.
Koutais.?

if
|
i
|
|
|
L
387(a). \| See Addendum at of this Zone.
{
|
4
|
|
{

RAR nAA DAA Tian cnn a

JP PREP Ser Sarr eroess

Bete

Rn mins
|

'Rey. N. Benjamin, in a letter to the author, makes the following remarks in regard to the winds at this i
place, having resided there for some years :— i
“The prevailing winds at Trebizond are northwest winds and easterly winds. The sirocco also sometimes |

j prevails. Rain storms, which are very frequent, are almost invariably with a wind blowing from the north- |

west. The clear and pleasant weather was almost as uniformly with an easterly wind, and I also quite generally
observed that the barometer was lower with an east wind when quite clear, than with a northwest, or a north §

} wind accompanied by an obscure sky, and even with rain. So that we had often the extraordinary phenomenon

of the barometer rising as the storm was coming on, and standing very high during a protracted rain, and sink- |
ing on the return of clear weather.

“JT have not been able to form any satisfactory conclusions in regard to the local causes which affect the
direction of the winds at Trebizond, and can only say that the whole country in the rear of that place is
mountainous to an unusual degree.”

2 M. Khanikoff, in a letter to the author, gives the following directions of the resultants for the different
seasons of 1852 and 1853, and for the entire years, viz. :— i

1852. 1853.
. * . . 42° 25/ W. - 3° 22’ W.
. : ° . 88 49 W. - 72 53° W.
. . 29 28 E -53 57 E.

Spring . . .
Summer. c
Autumn. :

5 -89 4 KE - 58 22 E,

Winter . =
O S 6 lyf PRY 1D, = 19) 749) ee

The year

3 Chevalier Khanikoff makes the directions of the resultants for the year 1852 as follows, viz.: Spring, |
N. 78° 38’ W.; Summer, S. 89° 14/ W.; Autumn, N. 40° 2’ E.; Winter, N. 61° 46’ E.; The year, N. 2° 22/ E.

372 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 391 to 396(a).) Southeastern Russia, ete.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE or WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, Ea influences. ;
: Se g
ej dj - 3 ae =
i oy oe 2 5 ; | Direction of | 23 s
iden etion ee a | ae 38 eee ae 2s resultant. | wo 2 Direction. ©
5 |) os Beg i exe SA | oe os ; 2
a= | E Paes ~A | 4s wa pee On oe 2
S leo] # lasts jee| mw |se/8e Fa 2 §
a Pa Pea ele hale he he ii 22 s| 5
2 |w5| A lwsl| a jae] EB |zZ)o | ee BK | 2
(| January OZ OOO 1 Ola Di 27
February i 2 0 Oo; 60 1 0} 0| 24)
Mareh 1 Shot 0} 620 1 O| =O} 25
April 1 7 0 OF OL ay ute
May 0 7 1 cD Oe a aN a are
June Ul ale 0 0 0 2| 80) aa sli
July TA Ay al 0| 60 1 0) reece
391. August 0); 18 1 CO Oe A OWE t@)
Alexan- September 0; 12 0 0 0 2 0 1, 15
dropol.! October 1 6 0 Ue Ns PAs) 0} 22
November 0 3 0 600 0) iL eet: 0} 26
December Ty ae Gi) UN a oat OO ee
Spring 48) 408) 48 0} 0} 216) 24) 48/1416/N. 30° 3/E. |.12 |S. 522°W.|.093| 736
Summer 94/3171} 86) 25) 29) 130) 15) 37) 885|N. 44 37 E. |.46 |S. 483 W.|.25 | 828
Autumn 41) 605 6 8; 10) 141 6| 35)/1599/N. 39 16 E. |.20 |S. 52 W.!.01 | 819
Winter | 48) 1444 OF OF OF 72 0} 24|1872)N. 16 18 E. |.05 |S. 46) W.|.17 | 722
The} year® ji <.;, s} cssmtinese 35 Mlle .- |N. 39 49 HE. |.21
391(a). Gudaur. See Addendum at the end of this Zone.
391(b). Wladikawkas. | “ es ce meas os
391(c). Grosnoe. ce ee us a G
(, January 141; 22) 106) 100) 37] 29) 156) 409 mates reeeran 124
February | 71| 14) 92) 71] 44] 36] 169] 504 Domne 113
March 104, 25) 177) 120) 35) 28) 123) 387 cpowencsonce 124
April 127) 50) 177| 149) 45) 31) 118) 303 c concos 120
May 138) 41) 125) 142) 45) 25] 114) 370 co 124
June 130, 27) 71) 86) 35) 19) 112) 521 256 120
July 85| 60) 147) 159) 52) 54| 126) 316 “0 on 124
399, August 126, 30) 183) 245) 99) 17 63) 236 oe oe 124
Tiflis September) 140, 12) 108) 211) 123) 30) 65) 311 Aas 120
. October 90) 19) 178) 149} 41) 33) 106) 384 eae 124
November} 97) 10, 56} 78} 66) 14) 169) 509 ana ee 120
December | 189) 47) 65) 33] 14) 26) 256] 370| ... EROpSERCED Get, |! congaeusco w- | 124
Spring 695) 187) 556) 777) 496) 141) 319/1534) 589)/N. 19 7 W.).153) 5. -O7 | 552
Summer | 756) 181] 425} 931) 551) 172) 319/1983) 526/N. 33 28 W.|.20 |S. -|.02 | 552
Autumn | 518) 74/ 484/1062) 467) 119) 353/1865) 863|N. 33 37 W.|.13 | 5. - |-08 | 546
Winter 770| 162} 410| 426) 209| 102) 507|/1887|1114|N. 33 37 W.|.35 | N. -|.16 | 542
L| The year |2739| 604/1875|/3196|/1723) 534)1498)7269|/3092|N. 31 52 W.|.21 | ......... --- 12192
393 Spring say [ieees) || eccem [atece! || teceal|iiessr: it meeeetn | eecctal ce team EN es E. |.12 |S. - |.07 |1748
Nowthers | Summer fo || dco) ‘coo 3 Ih od N. 8 W.|.06 | N. -|.07 |1840
meanee Autumn Bon)! Ba0 aa N. 71 Be lL rs: -05 |1729
Gaoania 2 | | Winter cop. |i aon £65 N. 77 E. |.07 | 8. -04 |1715
; heyy ear |i eccu|| ae teem hlless foo |f oes Ne ton |! Gas [Nhs TER THORN. | cpasedas we (7032
foe \| Oct.&Nov.| 26] 16| 5] 30| 26) 17) 20] 38] 9/N. 76 48 W12 | oun 61
(| Spring 17 2| 10) 41| 31 3| 19} 35] 1818. 16 3 W.}.11 92
395 | Summer 35 1] 18) 24) 33) 2 57} 13) 27/8. 78 47 W.|.15 92
Derbeud 3) Autumn 17 1} 4 26) 38 8| 74) 11 7/5. 61 46 W.|.40 91
* || Winter 5 1 1) 36} 50 7| 52) 18) 13/8. 34 27 W.}.41 90
l The year 74| 5) 33) 127) 152) 20) 202) 77} 65/S. 49 2 W.|.25 «+ | 365
| Spring 377| 23) 19) 22) 264; 93) 14) 50] 221|N. 37 40 W.!.10 |S. 17 W.|.09
396 \| Summer |} 431; 49) 11) 39) 169) 48] 18] 67; 130)N. 5 17 W.|.293) N. 33H. |.12 | ,
Bakou 4 | Autumn 327} 41) 33) 62) 178) 78} 18) 78) 174|N. 8 15 W.|.133| 8. 24 E. |.04
| _ Winter 365) 39) 25) 40) 155) 84) 25) 40) 286/N.10 8 W.|.17 | N. 79 E. |.003
L. The year’ cael ze N. 11 22 W.|.17

396(a). Bakou, 1870-71. See Addendum at the end of this Zone.

' Months for the last 8 years only. Chevalier Kahnikoff makes the directions of the resultants for the year
1852 as follows, viz.: Spring, N. 6° 28/ E.; Summer, N. 1° 45/E.; Autumn, N. 52° 57’ W.; Winter, N. 10° 55/ W.;
The year, N. 8° 16’ W.

* Resultants at Nos, 388 to 392 inclusive, combined by plotting.

3 Chevalier Kahnikoff makes the direction of the resultants for the year 1852 as follows: Spring, S. 31° 49’ W.;
Summer, N. 79° 34’ W.; Autumn, 8. 54° 22/ W.; Winter, 8. 87° 22/ W.; The year, S. 71° 10 W. He does
not give the relative prevalence, so that we cannot combine his results with those above for 1853.

* Chevalier Kahnikoff makes the direction of the resultants for the year 1852 as follows: Spring, N. 51° 5! W.;
Summer, N. 5° 16/ E.; Autumn, N. 24° 17’ E.; Winter, N. 76° 22/ W.; The year, N. 20° 14/ W. He does
not give the relative prevalence, so that we cannot combine his results with those above for 1853.

5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SIU IIS Ie YAOI) WO. IAN. EO MNO) Zt | INTs 3713

(Nos. 397 to 402.) Central and Hastern Asia.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Foordan, Mantchooria, by Dr. H. Fritsche, from July, 1870, to January, 1871.

Hakodade, Island of Jesso, Japan, during the years 1840, 1841 and 1842; and by officers of the
U. 8. Naval Expeditions under command of Commodores Perry and Rogers, in the summer of
1853 and 1856.

Krasnovodsk, from December, 1869, to August, 1870, and from December, 1870, to February, 1871,
both inclusive, by Denissof and Pavlof-Sylvansky.

New Chwang, Mantchooria, from November, 1861, to November, 1862.

Novo Petrowsk, Eastern shore of the Caspian, during the years 1849 to 1856 inclusive.

Olga Bay, Province of Hastern Siberia, by Dr. Wulfius, 5 months, December, 1858, to April, 1859.

Possiet Bay, Province of Eastern Siberia, by Tscherkasskij, 2 years, 1860-61.

Taschkent, Central Asia, one year, 1868. Observed from 6 o’clock A. M. to 10 o’clock P. M.
every two hours, with omissions. Observer’s name unknown. Also, by Michelson, three times a
day, in 1871, for January and February, and from June to December inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE M Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF 1HE COMPASS. 2g influences, :
£8 SS
A ai a EB Be s
Place of Time of the 24 oe 58 S23 g | Direction of | 23 3
observation. year. nie ae ue Sp | qi | Tesultant. |< | Direction. re
5. || © s) 5 || < On 3 . 2
= || ae ‘ Feb) cele uel pg tiysel =I os on o ra
5 (S| 2 Jes| 3 (es| & FE) Es 28 E| 5
mw \ze' a |ae| alae] Flee \6 ee
(| January ys Ay CoB TS al yy Aa al 248
February a 2 7 ) i 0 2 2 1 226
March 6 3 By) a0) 1 1 2} 3 0 248
April 4, 3 7 7 2 1 3 3 0 240
May BR A BH OGL BB a 248
June 5} 4) 4 4 2 2) 4 4 1 240 }
July G2 8 5 1 7) 1 248
397. August Hl. BB BP BP APB BYP TN cecteneconss! |]? 0s0 |||- ccobon6e 248
Novo September} 3) 3 5 BD 1 2D 1 240
Petrowsk. October By Aya ala 38 1 GMb eal Va" Sako cescoocca ||! 660! ||) Sosaeec rec 248 }
November 3 4 BL 1 0 1 3 1 20 240
December A eo) 1 Oy PAL oe AN © eco 9ep-c00900 Bao 296.005 000 248 |
Spring 15) LO a3 by) 4" 7 10 1JN. 77° 50/ BE. |.26 | N. 73°R. | 03] 736 |
Summer tay) UG) aA aN 6 6) 11| 12! 3/N. 30 16 HE. |-141 N. 61 W.| .21 | 736
Autumn 9 9} 14) 31 6 2 5) 2 3iS. 78 40 E. |.31 |S. 30 E. | 10) 728
Winter Hie) (| ee 7) iene © | ee: Oe 5 8 3S. 87 59 BH. |.38 |S. 74 EH. | 13) 722
The year 521 40| Gol 991 21) 13! 28! 42| 10|N. 83 53 E. |.25 cooonDn08 ... (2922 §
397(a). Krasnovodsk. See Addendum at the end of this Zone.
398.
Central soo |] coe || con |] om |] ceo |] Seo |} 500 |] on0 |] om PN@HHNCREID aby
Trans-Caucasia.!
398{a) (| Spring SG) A A 7| 49\N. 0 25 W.|-12 | N. 61 W.) .12
Tasch. | | Summer @G| Sl 7) o) Or DW 9) Oh Ge ese .09 |S. 15 W.| .06
ikon’ 4 | Autumn 0 3) 23 i 0 OQ) 0| G5IN. 85 29 BR. |.18 |S. 57 E. 09
1868. | | Winter B10) 7 2 1 iL 7 3) 54/N. 54 33 E. |.19 | N. 44 EH. | .07
* || The year iB} Biull] Gis! ii 6 9| 29) 10) 237|N. 59 49 HB. |.12 | ©
398(b). Taschkent, 1871. See Addendum at the end of this Zone.
(| January 9 8 Q| -@ 1 i @| al 0
February 6 4 0 3 4) 4 1 6 0
March 5 6 1 3 3 4, 4 5 0
April 5 4 il 1 3 9 3 3 1}
May ait at al 3 i) aK) 1 AiO
June 1 2 1 3 4 8 6 1 3
July Gr Al 3 6| 11 5 1 0| 2
399. August 4, 9 i iy 4 Dh Ow
New 4 | September 4 6 1 4 8 5 0 2 0
Chwang. October Gi Gj ay Bh a a
November 7 6 2 4 6 2 0 1 2
December 7 fy ai 2 1 0 1 0; .
Spring 13] 14 3 ti|, al §| 12) 1S. 86 49 W.).16 8. 88 W.).22
Summer 7) 13 5h 20) 19] 15 7 1 51S. 20 35 E. |.31 |S. 10 E. |.293
Autumn 17; 18) 4) 10) 18) 22 4 5} 4\N. 87 14 E. -094| N. 81 E. |.034
Winter 22| 20) 4) 11 7 6 1 8 O|\N. 33 24 EB. |.343| N. 243} E. |-32
L| The year? | ... | ... es yl ccedise Gish Oy De EO

1 For Chevalier Kahnikoff’s remarks on the winds of this region see Zone 9, No. 367(a).
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

374 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.:

(Nos. 400 to 402.) Central and Eastern Asia.— Continued. 7

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant,

Place of | Time of the)
observation, year.

|

400. Foordan.!
400(@). Possiet Bay. See Addendum at the end of this Zone.
400(b). Olga Bay. ef oe a ue

(| January
| February
| March

| April
May
June
401. Ne

August
Hakodade, } | & i
1840. 1841 { | September
49g ~«”:| | October
1842.
November
December
Spring
Summer
| Autuinn
Wiuter
The year

N. E. or be-

Direction.

tween N. & E.
tween S. & E.
tween S$. & W. |
tween N. & W.|
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,
Number of days,

5. W. or be-
N. W. or be-

1

C

STOUR BB oT 50

tow bo bo oo Rt

23° 20 |S. 45° B,
12 3. |.42 18. 40 E.
. 70 58 W.|.374| N. 40 W.|.
. 58 | 624
79 13 W.|.214

b e
Nr ROMER HSH Nr WwWwW RR DH

iA A

DOONFNNNNHHEORF DID
Wow nse HOomNHNHwowH

i

a
3
to

. 42 26 E. | 31

1 The following is an extract from a letter from Dr. Frietsche to Dr. W. A. P. Martin, of Pekin :—

“YT remained more than six months at asmall place half way between the lake Hanka and Vladivostok,
near the ruins of the town marked on the Mantchoo maps under the name of Foordan. The village lies in
the broad valley of the river Sooi-fun, a low range of hills separating it from the lake Hanka; on the south it
is also protected by a wooded range of hills, across which the river Sooi-fun runs through a narrow pass. I
arrived at Foordan on the 10-22 July, 1870. In this season the 8. E. winds reign in the country, and they
bring with them rain clouds, Rain was frequent in the Sooi-fun valley, but was not accompanied by thick
fogs, as it is in the country near the sea. The wind was not so strong as on the sea-shore, or on Lake Hanka,
which is not protected by hills from the 5. E. The rainy season continued, with some changes, up to the end
of autumn; but in October, and up to the middle of November, the weather was generally fine, warm and
mild; although there was a slight fall of snow sometimes. In December N. W. winds began to blow, bring-
ing severe cold with them—the temperature was as low as —30° Re. Still in the Foordan region the winter
winds were not so continuous as in the Valdivostok and Hanka. The next year the southerly winds began
early in April, but they were also intermixed with northerly winds.”

Nes
i

402.
Hakodade, ¢ | Summer
1853 & 56. J |

(Nos. 403 to 407.) Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180°.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of five years, collected and classified, from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Monsoon
PoInTSs OF THE COMPASS. influences.

|

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the
observation, year,

W.

| Direction,

. WwW.
ap Ne: We

Culm or

Number of days.

variable.

W.N.
N
N

=
3
°
a

403. Longitude { | Spring 22

125° to 135° E.\ | Sammer |22)10 149 39
6
6

66°
49
59
50
. 37
72
58
52
14
21
80

ie)
aor

ow
Wwoar

bo

Ac

0; 11/10
29° 50° R 2) Oj 1
EAU ANU et | The year! |... sal ecaltaes foal lcos|(ccellaon Sanlaae hese Serine
405. Longitude ; | Spring 56) 0) 6217) 42 | 6} 50:43) £ 4614/30) 8) 56
135° to 140° E. || Summer (89) 017852) 54/15/36 12)151/61\15 127|36|25)17
406. Longitude { | Spring 11) 3) 13) 9) 17) 4 : 28) 2 33)16|14) 5
140° to 145° E{ Summer | 7 0} 14 1) 17) 5 7| 3 29) 6 9) 0} 1] 0}
407. Longitude { | Spring 63/40} 58.29) 86/41/86 46)154/31)138 69/107\17,76 30
145° to 150° E. { Summer [15/10 48/28) 37/10 1611 38) 5) 32) 1} 19) 4 9] |

Ow Oo ~T

Winter

|

404. ea sis

Ct

5 : +o
PARRA AA tT

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 10. LAT. 40° TO 45° N. 375

Addendum to Zone No. 10.
Sevastopol, observed by Admiral Arkass, from 1840 to 1851, twelve years.
Nikita, south coast of Crimea, in 1830, 1855 and 1858-65, ten years, old style.
Karabagh, south coast of Crimea, from July, 1866, to September, 1867.
Crimea."

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM

on Monsoon influences.
THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. re

Direction of
resultant.
Direction.

Ratio of resul-
tant to sum of f

January
February
March
April
May
June
H 6383(a). July
i Sevastopol. August
| Number of 4 | September
winds in October
1000 November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
| The year
383(6). | Spring
Nikita. | Summer
Number of Autumn
winds in Winter
The year
| Spring
Karabagh. | | Summer
Number of + | Autumn
winds in | Winter
| The year
| Spring
| Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

TAA A TT ll A AT at
>

Number of
winds in

ThA tA TA Tn TP A tA TP ta

R&LATLIVE PREVALENCE AND FOKCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. f

North. - 2: East. 1D South.

A

West. N. W.

Time of
the gear.

oH

obs.
Force.
Calm or

variable,

iS)
6
:

Force
Force
Force.
Force
No. of
Force,
Force

ORR TT SD OIC USC OTROS COINS IES

January
February
| March

| April
May
387(a). | | Zone

I Poti, 1870. eee

September
October

November
December

oo
pa

BH

GOrePnmnawmoastO wor

ocowuncoeo

oOo

PRP EP RPOoNnePeE Ee

ROWAwe

POoooMsooococoe
COW ENWROR TN RWW
O09) BO}CO} ROTA ERO BS) COT SBS!
DHWEpPoOnRRaAOoOMW
SHHNPTRANWNNHOo
Peewee wwe oS
COSocCWRNRONISCHNS

POE CORO SE SS
SBOtTINOWWNIAMWWoOG
99 09 69 09 Ue CO IR OO CO IR CO bo OO
OD OW hb C170 OAT -1 0
ROOT ROT SOS OS 2 ROT COI tS
MOSCCMNONDaWIHOD
UASOWaAOwKRAONGD

Nbooconwmnocoossa
as
Ooh Powwemwh won

ot
oo

(vs)

1 Mean of Sympheropol, Sevastopol, Karabagh, Nikita and Ascania Nova. The observations of Sympheropol
were given a double value because of the central position and the good quality of the observations. Calculated
by Dr. WI. Képpen in the new Repertorium fiir Meteorologie, v. i. p. 9.

.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.’

376

Addendum to Zone No. 10.— Continued.

~-alqBTreA.

Hann tom.
Lm t

for]

a OMA SRR OHH 1p Qotkt SHAMNWBAYOSDMNOONSCSCHAKHSOrMBOD
4 10 WIV I= Hh 19 05 Ht Hip 2D 0 RGSRRSSSIIas aS = as %
ay —- = —— = => a = =
A ‘2010, WMAMIAMMANMOMW COS MOOSS Skee) ea) SS Nth ee hFCCSoBHBrostHinwahhrsosoaenrSos
ie) = ; HAMAD GCAKRAMIOAHONAAACCANDMANSCONANSCHASCSCOCONA CNH AAA AA DARA RAO NN
a i, e= = =
& a *sqo QQr SCC ee ia pe i ee Bo nine eee! SUN OG RCN eiacis!! ys Nits Sa
& Jo "ON ae RAS Acre FONnae ro
&
B =
a ‘Q0d0g aE Ce a ae ot co COSMOS BO WR AAR GRAF SRHRONANRANAHOMHNS
me + Git ssddad do seacicdicicdcidcdiddoddosdoAGAAdt OANA AAA Aa AA ol
= oO — SS — = or
S b F
Ay e sqo Roe Se ARS re Sas os S Oe e RB e ee Sa Sse pL SI NSH ENSUED SHO CEI) oc Soe SIE at SC Ee
5 JO ON ni E = — — = = aa =
B ‘ | ‘a0a0uT SOR 100. 169/109. 109 09.00 Tt I= Qt) P= l=} So oo Sico even cuinwica mellow ooledin leoico'ca colay keleg a) oslo colco sca
a = | UMaddwa Gididais ooooo oN oo Se SoNm oon NERS So ONT iE miAS BNR NAe ea ae
2 ral ae
a wm | “sqo Hote tHtoSMNNOADOSCOSCOCONOSSOS SHS OO A AIS'S S'S C190 GSH 09 SH/00/ SHG 0 100) Gy 19) 6a tC SILO) H!c 100] b= ic) cap <GHe
= | Jo"oN AnrANNNA eS ies) mois dane
f = a Lal col
si _ = = = es Be = =
I 3 “2010. SOMSE-NASOMN once ~oo SOON ORONO S SOSSCONAN HM GANHAROMAHMAMDAADGNADAA®
a . .
a = didiciddsaddividondvitodddoodddadadddddddddad ad ddd NAA NAA
4 5 ae -o ae Sar ys re 3 a = r Ss |
2 nm sqo AAD DOA OAWOMAATSOMAACON MD GHHOMUANDOMADSNGSE ATES STO gs 1D HA OI~G DOGO
5 Jo ON a “a SAAN Hea A A cs SOSA HGOD | GOSS:
a a =i AC bear ee e i a
i “90101 Sonootrannronns —i— a — a) essoo seoco SSONHHASSSOHrNSCSCOSOr Sr ANSSOMANSSOMer
= ica] AAR HANHADAANANCANOCNSCNSOCOON AAANCAGAAOAGAN Ico LAA AAA
fm ; == = a = = = Se =
2 “| ‘sqo ADAMO MAD PHOAMOHSHSOSOOR PANO HA AOA HA OO OID HI His 1g OY COT HN OD SH HA
Q | yo ‘on a} DS ~~
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& ==
2 "90105 DAMNONNDRANNHNHRHOCOCSOOSOrMrNS SMIRDONNMOONASCSOCSOHS SCH BEACH SHNAS ORR eRHSHONRG
ley “ JOA OTe ||) Sretre ae yal sevaia sancti ange baa ite saceiaes unlere: sore iaace ca GUN stra falaieice Pome BER Dale iagsTia yc cai cha katate a
5 AoA n cis dcidicicdaldciad dood adcidcididdciddddddadoddddraddd arin Pe A AHH AANA
a a
ta 3 Fe =
4 A 8q9o ROO RNS IO et BoE Fal) ODE LOIS re SO §SO CONES CNENATADMONrOrAMAAMHAOWAAAATRODAMOM nOAtAt WDM
g JO ‘ON DHA NA at tris ~~ co al moO cl st . al a
2 =
© =
a _ | ‘e000 Oe ON SLO Quoi SiO ric FORO Ors Cn Ot SES Oa SO OS oo 1 SH re ot 00 SH GW)CD AY Pa 1 20 OY 00 SH raid oo HEY oR CY Pa 1g 60 C100
PI joa] NO DMM AAA BD HHONAAAMOAAAAANAAM ONDA ON OMA CN HAHHNAANAN AAA ANAAN AA
b y = ee = sen
Q
PI A sqo AOAROM AAD AD DOW DAM DOMME AAAASAAAOMONA SH GY O GAR OONA OG YD GARD OAR OD
a jo ON aad and or)
eS 2
b z 2010, ° osooo 39S SSA OA GARR OSA QSAHIIRANDSSNG SSAA ATOAHDADRSOANATONN AH
5 v3 OOnANH On A OMHAAAAA HAA AAA AANA AAA Aa RAN AAA AANA
a 3 z = = == = > = =
fe Bz EQS FOO FHA OF HOH OL OH AHH ROM OH OD SIGQAROBHAANMHBHAAAHHOAOHHNMMDDAAAH Hono HIG
JO ‘ON VHAANNG re ae setie ny WO nelle an) Gere si se aac Feel reel ret AS AANA batted | Os Maat S|
2 ad m ) ay m : ol ‘ea a ar
4 a 2 OG; by 2 ee ay © O84 a as . is a PDOs
op ba eg Re ashe pone aa hs De Si eeS aupyey eel oas hs peueas
Og ead aASa goes maogsg 28 made ares aaoggek 8S 4 aE Das Oo
i Ss od Baas Sea xne5 a4 Z 2 Beso Peas ab
Ce) Seal Oy pee isp OS eS Ge Pa iat aD i=] S@A2o Se | Bee D Jee er! »,BS6o
E Boo on a bbs So ES! aye) 2 5 Spe wHe'so D sh 9% Dpme eo co) I SeprehReeee
Ae BSR ERE EOESE SC ESE ER SE ORS Eee RS REPS P RSE RP AS aR RAPS RS 6 SARS ESS STE S56 88
os oS 4 Ss oo 2 24 ao Ss) S34 ss >>. SPagos S sFoaoovocrmaeagss Ssg53eoa90S aos SA8aqc0u Faro o a
a SS eS eA nee ee eS eg n eS SAS AZAR SRS Ate ANOAAR SS ann anOAAn
- ——— Si — SK Se ae == aaa SS
. 1p aie:
al a nN
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SA Ore fs a o22
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~ os oto oO ao NS
ns osc a al aan
Gorie) 09 th OF ss
a =e}

aT7

45° N.

GAN, AMS UO)

ZONE 10.

SERIES B.

Addendum to Zone No. 10.—Continued.

‘OQUIIBA

10 W[VO

DAMAQMAS SFOS © OSWVOIOOS OQ 9QoqgQ2 og) Gm Geass

“9010.7

AMAROSOOMNRBNMRBAAT OWA AAA IW date oS Oc HD .
Bee I VOICI CORCAGIR nS ok ens cbie

CORSET ACTICORS SUD ES COTS Sy SS SS i) Se) SEN (Oh) Me) a) feed teal Bd) SS Ga a :
Tet! Le bee | ot Lait alba) bbi}ia} nd NICO SS al Aas :

12 ToS SCOoN yD
*HONAK HAA

IQ Dw MA aBAoCrN $2 OD 0 OD OF IVD SO > 4 SH OD COD :
BAAN ARAN RNA NAA A 2

ASSHs nt HASH AOnOD6c
ANTAANANAATNA Ano

a

12 rN OWANMAWNA

»EMMNOMNANNOSOSTOS -ONrS AMSoowon
Fdicidial dda ddd ddd dd Sa a

GSES ESI tat Coheey a ON Ge) Coal ea Co 0) 9) SC) el Re] ND) 2) eu HS) Sn 9) RG Sop SR *GQiGN So) Sh S) ye) C3 Gp) Miah) 1X MO momMAAAT Oo
BANANA CHOI) Ge) SS t=! OU Ga teal ft SORES) OSH OTS Hostal . Stoic Gs) Gevess tosis ° lor)

i oon SSettawSoSeoN Ge) MMM AeRMWOHAACOMWANTOSRACHHMEDODOSCSSSS
HASSOCH HH OCH NARA RNA ANH ON COSHH Hd HH SH HAN HH RAH AA ANHH MH AAANAN RH OOS

SHrHcodtoa FADS) G0) OSS) NSH GEO UD) NS) C9) SCO) OO) SI aS ANG) SS DO) DS SAO) BENE) Ws) Ed OS Ssh SY SIGNS
TARAS IIHS

OmOBNSSmqMaRoNAtoanooons SOPH ,NMABDAArM MIDS ~PORDANRA SIA MOSTOCONOCWOCN
SAND AAR A ADR AAA ANH ANH N OM MH TMM NM OHA AN DO CHAN MNAANANM NANG

ESHEETS SI Sirah SNS) 2H AIK MOAR AONn HAS TAOW DONWON ODBARMN ;MABM WOON Gm Mm AGON Wiad H
AQ SI ao Dp : co i=l ti ee)

SAROATAGAANSCSCATAOHHMHONMRRANSS Peop p pSeSSomnNoO ss tir: seoesesc eooooo%t
TAIN AA aagd © * 9 * 3: Sasa eR IGNICN ricer

PLoS C9) C2) Say WS) ED Ea) SLO) eis) Ne) Ce) Se Co) NS ORI Go) C9) C9 COVINA] Ge) ea Bia Ge) OXI Go)tsyi—)
Qo oo doi AAR ANNAA A rau F O09
a

BENIGN mI SSI SIC GS)

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et
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WOHN DER DSOSNOHAASS LHMONAHHMARNS -Omr~o 2

AGAMA AAA NAA AN NAA i *ANNN tc ¢ ES Se ape an eee eres ee etsy

FSIS Sep INS) VS) 9 RICE OY SIC)

HAO ONMHr~ SO
ANNAN AAS

wo)
is |
BOAR ADH MW OMMMOMS iat Poe oOA ro: a :

tol
Lal OSS aliali Coo see)
ial

BiMislomaniomolomonataceS oS SG QaIG DiMA Ome Maile Seosiane DM BNONWHORSSORMSSSS
SFA AAA NA AAA HAR HAA COM CMH AHS Si Aaicicidc Aco diG HH oi ood aA laa ala A

24
2
3)
4.
9
2

28
3
4
6
37
39

DDS CUISIGON SI ROO BIS S169 BIER IO) OO tal slp a Se
SARSSAGA

2
| 4
18
| 30
329
45
27
17

the year.

January
February
March
September

| October

| November
December

| The year

| January
February
March
September
October
November)
December |
The year
January
February
March
August
September! 3
October
November
December
The year |32
January
February | 25
September| 21

| October

| November

| December
The year
January
February
June
August
September
October

| November
December

May
June
July
July

August
April

May
June
July
August
April
May

| June

April
| July

.
4

391(e)
Grosnoe,
1870
1871.
396(a)
Bakou,
1870
398(b).
Taschkent.
1s71.

March, 1875,

48

ares, |

378 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Addendum to Zone No. 10.— Continued.

Time of the
year,

January
February
March
April
| May
397(a). } | June
Krasnovodsk. } | July
| August
| December
| Spring
| Summer
| Winter

lla

COW RH Wb POAT E

9
18
10
23

4
30
52

He
WERNPNWNOORF

Coroawnm ro

3

b

pa
HORHOTWWOHOCS

i
SaSmwa
oo
i
mea
ray
WTSONNWNWNooOoNG

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.
N.E. or |S. E. or

|
| | |s.w.or| N.W.or : ,
.| betw?n betw’n South. betw’n) West. | betw’n Direction.
N. & E. |S. & E.] |S. & W. |N.& W.

Resultant.

| |

3.45] 1.38| 6.90] 6.90] 74.48
10.81} 0.00| 4.73 | 70.95
8.57} 1.43] 5.00] 4.29 | 73.57
14.29} 3.90 | 26.62] 9.'74 | 30.52
35.81 | 18.92] 4.05] 3.38] 9.46
44.16 | 8.44] 3.25 | 13.64
33.56 | 1.37 | 21.23) 1.37 | 10.27
44.81] 5.19] 13.64] 1.30] 7.79
51.35 | 8.11 | 21.62] 2.01] 7.43
20.00} 8.00 | 20.00} 2.00 | 24.00] S. 8° 56/E.
7.61] 0.94) 5.54] 3.96} 73.00] N.45 48 W.|
31.42| 9.77] 13.04] 5.46] 17.87] S. 34 58 E.
18.83 | 1.56| 8.50| S.41 6 ©.
11.11 | 55.13 | 23.93
6.52 | 54.35 | 24.78
10.71 | 48.92 | 18.88
6.06 ).86 | 19.70

6.82 | 28.98 | 10.86 } Bet 2 We
9.45 | 52.82 | 22.53| N.78 26 W.

December} 2. 2.07
January -68 | 11.49
February 43) 4.29
| March -30 | 10.39
| April 2.70 | 20.27
| May 0.65 | 15.58
June i 19.18
July .65 | 18.83
August -68 | 5.41

400(a). |
| September, 0.00 | 22.00
if
|
l

Possiet Bay,!
1860 & 1861.
Percentage.

SR NT Iw Sb
“ASF wW hk OAT

BNWOMWDBHE OH UOWMH a

Winter 1539))) 15295
Spring 1.55 | 15.41
| Summer 0.44 | 14.47 -06 | 43.27
December| 8.55} 0.00 A 0.43
January | 13.04] 0.43 -00 | 0.00
February | 6.63] 0.00] 5.6 1.53
| Mareh 13.64] 2.53] 3.5 0.51
April 8.52 | 26.45 -66 | 6.25
Winter 9.41 UF H 0.65

i o> S a9

400(b).
Olga Bay,
1858-59.

OM HS OIRO
OWI THS

Ratio of
N. to 8.

0.10
0.26
0.87
1.94
5.93
: 6.67
: 14.90
: 4.11
1.09
0.67
0.51
0.35
1.98
6.67
0.73
0.23
1.21

January “Ge
February 3.2) a : 4.9
| March yi -98 -08 | 15.02
April oe ; ° 21.05
| May 3h -00 | 12.03 | 26.18
| June i7 | 34.00
July 36.16
402(a). August 34.64
Hakodade,? { | September 27.12
1859-63. October 11.92 | 25.29
November 10.74 28.53
| December 5.78 | 35.55
| Spring 20.75 2 | 21.47
| Summer 34.93 15.24
| Autumn 16.59 | 25.02
| Winter 4.79 | 2. peso 0)
| The year 19.27 | 23.82
|

bo

bo bo bo oT

momw-arInos
DRranwnnos

BPR PRP Ee eee eee
Ll a el el el ol oe el et ee ee eos]

ONT WIR oT aT bo
PAN or -~T09

OPOH WO M-TH
STW 09 BS CO

|

# | Possiet Bay. Annual resultant, computed from the resultants for the seasons, S. 58° 44’ W. .024. Monsoon

influences: Spring, S. 42° E. .20; Summer, 8, 44° W. .42; Autumn, 8. 464° W. .04; Winter, N. 44° W. .67.

2 Wakodade. Direction of resultant: Spring, S. 40° 53’ W. .23; Summer, S. 13° 49’ E. .40; Autumn,

N. 74° 67 W. .30; Winter, N. 62° h4/ W. .63; The year, S. 77° 46’ W. .23. Monsoon influences: Spring,
S, 32° E. .15; Summer, S. 43° E. .47; Autumn, N. 25° W. .15; Winter, N. 45° W. .47.

Observations on the Atlantic Ocean, calculated by the Meteorological Institute of the
under Capt. Cornelissen’s direction.

SERIES BL.

LONE 11.

PAG AN

3349) >

TO 40

Addendum to Zone No. 10.— Continued.

2 IN

319

Netherlands,

le || a. | ay | | A | A | Eos |) ae
OW} oO, | oe] oe |] Or = C a
Between 15° and 3 os oe 53 | q | East of 159 W. a | ae ae | Sas g
30° W. longitude. ayes litres or fe ra longitude. ole. £% jos | 3
me |e |e bee | aa Ee aaiina | 6
| | | | ]

330(a). if Spring | 17 | 21 | 28 | 30 3 | 331(a). Spring 23 | 19 | 30 | 25 3
Lat. 44°-45° N. j | Summer 23 | 13 | 32) 27 || 4 |) Dat. 44°-45°. | Summer | 32) 11 | 27 | 29 4
(No. of observa: | Autumn 18 24 | 30 | 25 3 | (No. of obser- } | Autumn 23 20 | 25 | 28 3

tions 5201.) | Winter i 18 | 37 | 27) 2 || vations 5201.) | | Winter 19°) 17 | 32 | 28] 3
ee a shee ee. alee]:

= 2 Z| 32 | . 43°-44°, Summer 30 24 | 2
(No. of observa- | Autumn 23 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 13 || (No. of obser- 1 Autumn | 28 | 19 | 29 | 20 3

tie t | Winter 2 a 27 2 || vations 4270.) | | Winter 22 | 17 | 30 | 24] 6
30(c). Spring ie 22, 5 |] 2) Pe Spring 27 | : 25
at, 435.13? N. [ eaeeeeemn arate (25) sib ol ll cae aeeeae | SUineE | ay | 6 | 18 | 32 4
(No. of observa- | Autumn 23 21 24 29 3 | (No. of obser- Autumn | 32 | 17 | 25 | 22 4
posse) L | Winter mi 20 a 29 | 2 || vations 3608.) Winter 23 | 16 | 31 | 24] 6
30(d). Sprin 0 | 33 | 23 | 5 331(d). Spri 30 | 13 | 29 || 25 |
Lat. 41S-43> N. Sener 20 | 16 | 31 } 29 5 Titi a1 ae, { Se 46 2/17 se 3
(No. of observa- Autumn 26 | 2¢ 26 | 20 5 (No. of obser- } |, Autumn 31 | 15 | 24] 26) 4
Ca SOE a. i 41 ap 3 vations 3453.) Winter 27 | 17 | 28] 24) 5

330(e). Spri 33 | 2 331(e ring 35 26 | 2
Hat. 405-10 w. { ; Summer | 26 aioe | | ail-tae acca, | |Sencer | 45 | 2|16| a1 | 5
(No. of observa- Autumn 25 | 23 | 23 | 27 3 || (No. of obser- Autumn | 33 | 11 | 18 | 29 6

tions 3532.) | | Winter 15 | 20 | 35 | 27 | 3 || vations 3245.) | | Winter 30 | 16 | 22 | 28) 7

ZONE No. il.

Latitups& 35° to 40° Norta.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at over
444 stations on land, for an aggregate period of over 1941 years; and on the

Atlantic and Pacific Oceans for over 39 years.

The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed.

‘Stations.

No. of |

|

Aggregate length of time.

Pacific Ocean,

United States west of the Mississippi,
United States east of the Mississippi,

Atlantic Ocean,
Azore Islands,

Portugal and Spain,
Greece and Islands of the Mediterranean,

Northern Africa,
Asia,

(Nos. 1 to 9.)

ore

929

An4

7084 days —19 years 3 months.
over 561 years 6 months.

1215 years 6 months.
over 20 years.

23 years 6 months.
48 years, also other observations not regu-
[larly recorded.

over 13 years 6 months.

| 46 years.
: over 34 years

4 months.

Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of ten years, collected and classified from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction

of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

es s =
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE a3 Monsoon S
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. =5 influences. &
Place of Time of leet a aa <j) uy. 2)e| Direction of | Be 3
Jobservation.) theyear. | (a) |g gi ele : S|} all Z\55| resultant. lise ; 8
eos. « a 3) Aes|leeiie pelea S 2) i
= 2) el z|g| vile] a] Slo 2 g|Ale alee |.23 | Direction. 2 | £
2) Ol So] Sasol | oe gs les eles | 2 S =
z\z\z\s|a\alalulaloai a/b Ele alo |e | an
[ee eaeal la ;
1. Long Spring 1537 17/50,15|15) 7 42{12'67/16 45) 649 21/37) 21/5. 84° 3/7 W.) .08 |S
160° to {| Summer | 2| 7] 1/19) 5/16) 912)2616) 315) 5 8 2/10) 48.15 53 E. | .27
j Autumn “| \14) 8) 5) 9.50 Aeate 67| 9,60)28/32; 6S. 78 16 Wal -28
|

380 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 2 to 9.) Pacific Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of
resultant,

Place of Time of

observation. the year. Direction.

West.

Calm or var.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

bw

5S. 84°16’ W.|.
S. 25 39 W./.
oy Oa
4,
S. 25 24
S. 15 14
57 27

2. Long. Spring 2 8 3/1774 asco! ;
155° to | Summer 14) 7) 212
160° W. Autumn | 24/21 30 50
3. Long. Spring j 3/35 14.57
150° to Summer 3] 11) 13/11/15) 5 28
155° W. Autumn Si ledle 9 21.11/60
4. Long. Spring | 4) 7,11|28
145° to Summer 2| Q 3125 |53/ 16/17): . 75 06
150° W. Autumn j 3] 8/18) 8/33 . 50 56
2| 7

re Winter 21 | 85 37
165° W. (Mets azerbe8 Pca Gad] cool) co 664) 000/553 6a5| sea) leas tiose | se] o-(N. 70 33
6. Long. Spring 75 15
140° to Summer 63) 67 38 57

145° W. Autumn 61) 10) 67 14
7. Long. Spring 35| 18) 30/16 . 70 19
130° to Summer 212/163, 136/19 14) . 25 39

140° W. Autumn 78| 28] 47/28/30} . 22 45
Spring 5} 30} 131 1) 2) 6 45 59
8. Long. Summer 103} 21) 4] 0} 3) 50
125° to Autumn b2| 74 35 25

130° W. Winter 3} 11 40
| The year! | ... oes 11

Spring 11 5 1

9. Long. | | Summer 3/10) 38 ‘ 35
120° to Autumn 319/100) 42/102 36

125° W. Winter 4) 6) 5 14
The year! |~...| .:.| ...| ecei/eeo) tooo) Hoollcee|se5||asal| caslless|) sel), con) Se 53_

bo
©
~I

An MAmnmnn

oo
AHH ONO PIS

bo
wm gm

eo iP bo
qePars po gorheah

BOR

4

q

Ne
owowoonI

BS

iy
ous

Rome:
Cowhbs-

1 Computed from the resultants for the seascns.

(Nos. 10 to 15.) California, latitude 39° to 40°.

Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
length of

time. Date.

Place of observation. By whom observed.

m

a

1849 to 1852 inclusive.

1864 to 1869 inclusive.

1869.

1861 to 1864 inclusive.

1857 to 1863 inclusive, except 1860.
1870.

1858 to 1863 inclusive.

|

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Camp Far West, Post Surgeon,

Camp Wright, Post Surgeon,

Chico, W. F. Cheney,

Fort Bragg, Post Surgeon,

Marysville, W. C. Belcher,

Truckee, Miss Annie J. Allen,

Union Ranche, W. L. Dunkum, 3

wmorwworod

Place of Time of the

Direction of
observation. | year,

resultant. Direction.

or be-
tweenS.& W.
wT

¥E or be-
Calm or
to sum of winds,

tween N.&W.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

tween N.& E,
Number of days.

Ss. W.

| E
January | 8} 18 ey ANG) eee
Tebruary ‘ 28] 6 8 130
March | 5 22 8} 25) 136
April | 19) | 5 «10 t 3, 125
May | 38) 2 11 2 3 7d) <--
June 3} 12| 3: 3} 153) ...
July 21 | 60
10. August a) 22) j 165
Fort September 31 23} 10; 6 35| 104
Bragg. October 19 y } 121
November | 6 € 86
December - ) 2 23 58
Spring | 7 |, Le 43 438
Summer 8 2 35, 55 378
Autumn } fi i Sb Were ta!
Winter 103) 104) 141 202) 49 45) 297
The year! | ... | Fuel, oxeeed| ices lll ete eee ee

N.

we
bo
wo

bo

i
bo
=)

ir
NG

bewpt.
To:

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 11. LAT. 35° TO 40° N. 381

(Nos. 11 to 15.) California.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. the year, Direction.

or be-
tweenN.& W.

Ww.
tosum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

tween N. & E.
tween 8, & E.
Number of days,

N. E. or be-
S. E. or be-
Calm or

N.

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
11. August

} Camp 4 | September

Wright. October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

|
|
le
|

. 67° 40/W..
W.|.
) W.'.2
W. .183
6 W. .2
W.).
W.!.
W.!.
W..|.
W..6
W.!.
Far West. vl
W.!.
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn ~
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year

14.

Truckee. Mile ee

W.|.59

AANA AAA Ane A

winds.

15. Longitude 120 to 122° W.2

combined. of clouds.

! Fort Bragg and Camp Wright. 2 Camp Far West, Chico, Maryville, Truckee and Union Ranche.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 16 to 21.) California, latitude 38° to 39°
Observed as follows :-—

Aggregate
length Date

Place of observation. By whom observed. Guntaite®

yrs. mos.
Auburn, Robert Gordon, Halal 1859 and 1860.

Benicia, Post Surgeon, 14 10 1849 to 1865 inclusive.

Folsom, Rey. 8. V. Blakeslee, 1861.

Mare Island, U.S. Naval Hospital, 5 1868 and 1869.

Moquelumne Hill, Wesley K. Boucher, 1859, 1860 and 1861.

Murphysville, Ephraim Cutting, 1868 and 1869.

Sacramento, T. M. Logan and others,! 1849 and 1853 to 1867 inclusive, except 1860.
Sonoma, Post Surgeon, November, 1850, to April, 1851, inclusive.
Stoney Point, Dr. Thornton, 1869.

Vacaville, J. C. Simmons, 1869.

' Dr. I. W. Hatch and Charles Craft.

382 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 16 to 21.) California.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT PoiNTS OF THE COMPASS. Ee influences.
a aa ea =
fe ey = | BE
f i o be o ey eG irection of | 2S
rina ae fences ae ae 25 ee a rasulteae Ge Direction.
observations. Pe) & nA . | o® oF os os .
Sears eat ileaer | Ss al S Sahl ae £3 8
5 |Ao| @ |Ao| Ss /Es) 8 |eolese 28 5
426 | Soloed wo lime |e leeiia m= ei
(| Spring | 39] 35] 237) 120) 194] 61/2454! 109 S. 20°30’ W.|.733|
| Summer | 0 5| 4! 15] 96] 7757/3500) 152 8. 82 40 W.|.91
16. Benicia. Autumn 103} 184| 435) 174| 178] 843/2471) 202 S. 78 20 W.|.56
Winter | 274] 468/1223) 255 288] 5461029/ 196 8. 58 27 E. |.05
UY CE Wedel rose icra liaeen! lh aati ll cootll| Aeee||caasillcas (ist i7tsh Gl W.|.54
(| Spring 51) 43) 244) 165) 202) 917|2547) 177) 31 |S. 75 .27 W.!.69 | 8. 69° W. .16
17. Longitude || Summer | 0] 5] 4/18) 117] 72/3500) 152) 27 |S. 82 13 W.|.90 |S. 89 W.|.37
192° to 123° w.!} | Autumn | 115] 186| 440] 205| 224! 968/2508) 223| 13 |S. 76 11 W.|.554|S. 58 W.|.03
cal area . { Winter 258) 489)1300| 314) 318) 628/1077| 251) 50 |S. 44 24 E. |-05 | N. 82 E. |.56
The; years) 25 || <2.) een Ill Gees ll Gees, ||) eee cee | eee: 77aat Sys eo3)
if Spring 181} 59] 44] 236) 272] 231) 76] 221! 0 |S. 32 39 W.|-20
S 24 | Summer 68} 19] 16] 283] 510] 286) 84) 110/ 0 |S. 10 7 W.|.18
s £= Autumn | 269) 55) 67| 224) 280) 160} 77) 235] 0 |S. 49 55 W.|.09
° Ae Winter 313) 125} 69] 388) 128) 91) 33) 377) O|N.19 32 E. |.13
Bs The years | ... ee |W aoe al|ascel|l osc Ife cose || Socal |) cocs [iS wie) PAB Anisladle/
= 3g {| Spring 26 “26 19] 134) 91) 271) 151) 77 8. 42 28 W. 473
ral aS Summer 9| 11) 12) 70) 62) 80) 133) 5 S. 39 58 W.).504
Ss 3 4 | Autumn 15] 14) 10} 96) 47} 296] 105} ‘78 8. 49 6 W.).56
B Su Winter 52) 15 6) 172) 84) 221) 140) 155 8. 54 40 W.).39
FI * WAS eax hel eee |leeeselll eebell caan hameel| coralll cea ll) sce S. 46 27 W.|.483
g os | Spring 207| 85] 63] 370| 363 502) 227] 298 8. 39 7 W.|.3804
= Ee? Summer 77| 30) 28] 353] 572| 366] 217] 115 S. 16 0 W.|.534
ee pe Autumn | 284} 69) 177] 320] 327] 456| 182) 313 S. 49 18 w.|.244
% a I Winter 365] 140} 75) 560) 222) 312) 173) 532 |N. 89 33 W.!.082
[ =) Thesyeare| 2. ll assy loc. |ews lees aoe lp cce, | eoe SECRET TO. yiyolhea2v/
a, ( a {| Spring 401) 116} 212) 616] 665 701) 225) 579) 14 |S. 29 39 W. | -23
S 24 ||Summer | 143] 34] 38) 848/1160/1137) 245|-317| 3 |S. 15 43 W.|.574
° ee ) | Autumn 545) 120) 155) 629) 564) 627) 154) 747; 5 |S. 54 3 W.)-14
a Ge | | Winter 600) 185) 225) 875} 298) 221) 76] 825) 36 |N. 33 23 E. |- 083
bd SUT Ces ed den eal eet Asal emi Atl coe Wlcoscll gam Hiss ee) ee Wave lle
2 ‘Ss. (| Spring 45) 33] 25) 162) 139] 375] 164) 99 S. 41 29 W.|-49 |S. 38 E. |.022
a as Summer Liles 19} 78) 104) 152) 141 6 8. 35 17 W.|.52 | 8. 27 E. |.084
3 = 5 Autumn 24| 22) 11] 114) 126) 422) 117) 100 S. 43 50 W.|.583]S. 38 W.!.10
© Ss Winter 104) 19) 21) 209) 117) 316] 205) 224) |S. 62 18 W.|.372| N. 1 E. |.17
3 I Aree | Pecmell (cme it cooull Saal eo Weds deel ca dl cos HSS Ce at Saye) |
= oF [| Spring — | 446) 149] 237) 778] 804)1076 389) 678] 14 |S. 34 12 W.).29 | 8. 73 W.| 02
a BS Summer | 160) 58] 57) 926/1264)1289) 386 323] 83 |S. 17 51 W.|-563/S. 5 W.1.31
4 ail Autumn 569) 142} 166) 743) 690|1049| 271) 847} 5 |S. 49 58 W.|.24 | N. 263 W..|.09
es SI eI Winter 704; 204) 246 1084) 415) 573) 281/1049) 36 |N. 89 18 W.|.06 | N. 20 E. |.25
Lal 2 The year /1879) 550) 706)3531/3173/3987/1327/2897| 58 |S. 31 57 W.|.27
Spring 14) 50) 110) 166) 25) 105) 140) 86] 6 |S. 6 36 W.|.153/S. 163 E. |.02
Sp Lonsitnde Summer | 35) 79) 59) 36) 22) 182) 137] 115] 41 |S. 88 54 W./.295| N. 65 W.|.208
120° to 121° Ww.3) | Autumn 25| 116] 129) 126) 36/ 182) 62) 89) 18 |S. 29 1 E. |.12°|N. 74 HE. |.09
| | Winter 21; 73} 126) 235) 55) 147) 74/ 64] 18 |S. 80 12 BE, |.293/S. 54} EK, |.212
1 (i Dhrexyeair) || orileccaill| tse [leech |lietzacn |llineretallimeccval|lmeenra | eee renal el © in WVAl etl
St of 24 (| Spring 83] 15} 20) 102] 128] 122] 142] 92 8. 56 10 W.|.278|S. 47 W.|.10
ics oS || Summer 42; 7 7| 129) 192) 111} 182) 51 |S. 34 45 W.|.410)S. 18 W.|.27
Ag”.. | © 4] Autumn | 133] 34] 28] 106] 95] 66] 99] 121 (N.76 0 W.|.131| N. 13 E. |.12
Eis 6 & || Winter 176) 43] 29) 133) 92) 30) 45) 164 |N. 13 59 W.}/-130) N. 30 E, |.24
ediscen | atareay (IMUM cee), oes. | oxo. || eee lh Gee toe ltes Il Soe ace 8. 61 49 W.|.174
PEs {| Spring 289) 38) 50) 437) 737) 594) 543) 408 |S. 45 8 W.|.336]S. 25 W.).14
HS Se =) 2 ||Summer | 172} 34| 20) 711|1074| 632)1041) 224 8. 45 11 W.|.435| 8. 34 W |.24
cela Sosy | Autumn 694| 132) 80) 611| 686) 283) 375) 817) ... |N. 85 6 W./.125|/ N. 24 E. |.14
Bees Aa | | Winter 703) 187) 76] 848) 418 132) 185) 953) ... |N. 19 56 W./.095| N. 36 E. |.265
ee Gat each bed |foeens (lore. || so | oo. lll oson|| cramer Well atop (Ss Gey TL Wiel.
aes |a24 [| Spring 3.48/2.53/2.50)4.285.76/4.87/3.82 4.43 |
ae [ea 3 j | Summer |4.10/4.86/2.86 5.5115 5915.78 5.72 4.39
aS BAS }| Autumn |5.22/3.88/2 +865. 76|7.22)4.29|3.79/6-75
na LSret ye, If Winter 3.99/4.35/2.62/6. 38/4.54/4.40'4.11/5.81

' Benicia, Mare Island. Sonoma and Stoney Point.
2 Observed at Auburn, Folsom, Sacramento, Vacaville. 3 Observed at Moquelumne Hill and Murphysville.
‘ From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. Autumn, | Winter, | The year.

|
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour ; 4.40 5.42 5.38 | 4.82 5.00
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the’ compass move with the foregoing
velocity . : 1.22 2.22 -70 -63 .87
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass, each their own pyoteee Me |
as shown in the table ahove . . é 4 1.48 2
Excess of the latter over the former fs A ; -+.26 +

® Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIE

(Nos. 22 to 27.)

Observed as follows:

SB. ZONE 11.

AGE

35°

1U@) AO? RT.

California, latitude 37° to 38°.

Aggregate
Place of observation, By whom observed. pene Date.
H : yrs. mos. H
Ae Hoe Surgeon, f ‘ 1860 to 1869 inclusive.
ngel Island, ost Surgeon, 7 1867, 1868 and 1869.
Fort Point, Post Surgeon, 3 6 | 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
Fort Miller, Post Surgeon, 6 11 | 1851 to 1858 inclusive, 1863 and 1864.
Camp Stamford (Stockton), | Post Surgeon, 0 4 1862 and 1863.
Marsh’s Ranche, Francis M. Rogers, i all 1867 and 1868.
f Martinez, Edwin Howe, 0 2, 1860.
Paradise, J. W. A. Wright, 0 3 1869.
j Point San Jose, 1 0 | 1865, 1866, 1867 and 1869.
Presidio (San Francisco), | Post Surgeon, 14 10 1850 and 1852 to 1869 inclusive.
f San Francisco, Dr. H. Gibbons, 6 6 1854 to 1859 inclusive.
Santa Clara, L. A.Gould &0.S.Frombes,} 0 10 | 1859 and 1860.
Stockton, R.K. Ried & W. M. Trivett, it 9 1854, 1856 and 1867.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DirreRENY POINTS OF THE COMPASS. re influences. i
ee is
A a A= E Fig =
Place of | Time of the O32 oe 23 33 | ¢| Directionof | $3 B
observation. year, ae oe. oe e, | 5 | resultant. |< Direction. 5
Sale Bn . | of oF | 538 og ©
las | = la8| les! ¢lES| se Qa ee
Biles || 2 Ee eer & |e le> ine B || 2
Be me) A |ns £/0 Fa =
| Teauary 81] 100| 32] 82] 85] 154| 96] 114 248 |
February 73) 96) 40) 80) 62) 191) 107) 113 255
Moreh 45) 38| 40) 73) 54) 259) 220) 108 279
pri OO] Ge Oh. Bi eps ay @ 270
ae. 0 0) 0 0) 8} 54) 0 0 186
une 3 0) a) 3) 37) 291-1189)! 77 180 |
July 9} 0} ©} J) 17 308) 183) 114 186 §
August 0 0 0 0} 28) 275) 162) 118 186 §
Pe ins September 0 4 4 3) 52) 341) 140) 113 210
Island.! October 22} 31] 9] 123] 53) 483) 141) 178 217
November] 53] 91] 23) 79) 58) 238) 75) 124 ee 240
December] 55) 127| 38] 188) 47| 136) 49) 140 inner a ... | 248
Spring 45| 38] 40) 73) 70) 361) 221) 108 S. 62°14/ W.|.514| 5. .|.042| 735
Summer 12} 0) 0} 4) 82) 874) 534) 309 S: 70 57 W.|.793| 8. .|.31 | 552
Autumn 75| 126) 36} 205) 163)1062) 356) 415 S. 61 59 W.)}.522| S. |-05 | 667
Winter 209| 323! 110} 350! 194) 481! 252) 367 S| 72 19 W.|.12 | N. |.o7 | 751
TNS SOE) See If) 301. |) See | cee.) eee {le cae|}ece | IIleoos S. 66 25 W.|.49 ... |2705 §
January 20) 32) 57/ 6) 26) 7 15) 14 rootenoseoce) 62
Ree 24 a2 S3ii oh ayy 23 oy 19 a0
March 86 5 6) 35) 29) 14 62
April 3) 15| 64) 19) 14) 42) 27) 3 60
May 3] 5] 62) 8) 31) 53] 14) 10) .. pe
une 2) 8} 48 qi) Zt} uy) 0 6
July 0} 7 53] 6] 39) 68) 13) 0 62
August 0} 18) 44) 8) 3%) =23) 56) 0 62
; ean September 1 6| 44) 25) 17 40| 47| 0 360 60
Teland October 0) 0} 82) 15) 20 9| 61 0 o86 62
November] 0] 0) 96) 3) 16) 14) 51) 0 20 Hs 60
December | 34| 9| 102} 12| 41) 13) 55) 8 cS we 93
Spring 10) 27 212) 25) 51) 130, 70) 27 S. 24 184
Summer 2) 33) 145! 15] 117] 152) 88] 0 S. .B8 184
| Autumn 1 6) 221) 43) 53) 63) 159 0 Ss. 244 182
Winter 76| 67) 196] 21) 84) 43) 102) 41 N. 16 a
[L Wa@ 376202 |) G08 |} eco |} 200 |} c00 |} c05 |) ove If cce |) on S. A ty
January | 213] 254) 83) 146] 55) 300) 208) 186
( February | 104] 133) 58) 154) 84) 315) 275) 207
| March 37| 53) 46) 133) 96) 427) 404) 152
April 23) 39) 19) 78} 82) 519) 431) 216
May 8} 14) 27| 56) 65} 655) 493) 254
June 14, 3) 9) 14) 50) 706) 495, 140
July 1 1 1} 4) 43) 7) 573) 55
Pesto | August 17| 8 0| 11) 100, 866, 437| 126
a eo a
| October BE F 22) 720) 48 é
“ise. oe 129 102| 36] 133) 123) 403) 417| 139
| December 210| 289) 60) 233) 114) 243) 233) 174
Spring 68| 106] 92) 267) 243/1601)1328) 622) ... |S. 68 53 W.|.63
Summer 32] 12) 10) 12) 193)2289)1505) 321) ... |S. 64 43 W.|.834
| Autumn 171| 173] 62] 207! 299/1995)1874 371) ... |S. 64 25 W.|.65
| Winter 527| 676] 201| 533) 253) 858) 716) 567) IN. 76 13 W.|.164 |
[| The year? | «|. | | m | es 1 CN ee es IS. 68 26 W.|.56

1 Motion of clouds included with the sur face winds i in 1 the last nine months of the year 1869.

2 Computed from the

resultants for the seasons.

384

(Nos. 25 to 27.)

Place and
kind of
observation,

25.
San Fran- 4
cisco.!

|

Surface
winds.

—<—<—$$<——— ee, >"

ok
fo}
me)
a
—
°
3
°
a
ral
2
ro
5
=
&
g
CS)
co
Se)
i>

2 preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

—

i 27.
Longitude
120° to
121° W.
(Fort
Miller.)

Time of
the year.

January

| Mebruary
| March

April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
The year
Spring

| Summer

Autumn
Winter
The year3
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

| Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

| The year

WilEN DS (OR VEE

California.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

tween N. & E.

oc 6
630, 252
414 850
4212 1795
353) 237/190
100, 44) 58
422) 386|187
1254 1039{541)

18
238

|

“92, 11/11
9} 21 6
18| 23

64)
228) 34| 33

201
64
210
574
{

248
A6
404
1073

445
109
486
1482

37
48 i114

3] 42/125
9}110
2/100
53
19
| 60
93
39/150
37/211
72|243
113 335
37 132}
3) 101 454)
189 539)

s2

S. E. or be-
tween S. & FE.

a
+
i]
=)
n

|
177) 21
558) 147
639, 470
168) 312)
348] 24!

231
652
2773)
600
78
549
1155

26
17
17
49

626
95
566
1204/1294
41
24
63
49
57
83
132
62
69
39
45
58
169
277}
153
123

| 8725

tween 8S. & W.

S. W. or be-

1471|

992
1934
2992
1578
8338

2608
2588
136
508
1290
33160
2365
2802
2540
1601
314
199
241
417

2679
3001
2781
2018
88
38
86
80
84
80
106
125
90
71
55
108
250
311
216
234

tween N.& W.

WN. W. or be-

2641161
860, 306
2447 426
4845 209
4925 2530
3428)
2020
3908
4219
4396
2056
1576
34947
3088
4065
2887
1320

362
2168}
500
96
222,
234
8214
1436)
1132
1267
1332
113
a9
57
163

713
973
599
445
1549
jllo1
1324
1495

3801
5038

“60
28
31

29

variable.

Calm or

830

s.

678 5.
1577 8.
|1305,N. 8
|S.

GLOBE.

Direction of

resultant.

atio of resultant
to sum of winds.

| R

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

DAA
oawa

Ano
aThoetet
1 eS BD

1 Number of miles, from observations by the Coast Survey, in the year 1855.
2 From observations at all the stations in the foregoing list, except Fort Miller.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 28 to 30.)

California, latitude 36° to 37°.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Number of days.

Camp Independence, by Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 15 months, in the years 1862,
1863 and 1869.

Monterey, by C. A. Canfield and Post Surgeons, for an aggregate period of 12} years, in the
years 1847 to 1852, 1859, 1860, 1862 and 1864 to 1869, all inclusive.

Watsonville, by A. J. Compton, during ten months of the year 1869.

= 8

} observations.

| Longitude

f 122° W.!

(Nos. 28 to 30.)

Place and
kind of

Surface
winds.

28. Monterey.

Motion
of clouds.

——S SFE ee OO ees

:

121° to

=

30.
Camp
Independ-
ence.

SPEERMER Seba) 7 OUN Bee tPA Sioa DO) “402 oN: 3885

California.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

.&5,|

Direction of
resultant,

Time of the

year. Direction, |

tweenS.& E.
variable.
Number of days.

Calm or

S. W. or be
tween S.& W.

N. EL. or be-
tween N.
S. E. or be-

| 518) 520
729|1047
5| 660) G41| 655|
589 392) 443

120 N. 78°14’ W.).5:

99 N. 82 10 W.!.
350 N, 80 54 W.).4
26N. 73 50 V

for)
so

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring

=
Ss
rs

weria| ees i) com | Ne) 19) 2) Wie |-49 2)
356] 315) ... |S. 89 7 W.|.692
Summer 305) 441) 237] ... S. 87 36 W.|.
Autumn 364) 383] 227) ... |S. 82 58 W.).
Winter 391) 298] 180) ... IS 10 W.|.685
The year? | ... | ... oc Becta lecoonll (asec eee Ie 29 W.!.694 |
Spring 851) 951)1098) 200 N. 83 20 W..|.:
Summer 206/1034'1577\1226| 189 N. §3 52 W.|.6
Autumn 184/1024'1054| 885) 392 N. 86 39 W.|.:
Winter 283] 988] 697) 349 S. 2 W.|.
The year? o00 |] 000. |), cos . |N. 86 W.|.
January 17] ced0¢0000
February 16
March 19
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer

14
27
33|
27
40
84
A4s|N. 20 18 W.|.24
VAIN. 41 51 E. }.17
Autumn 151)N. 40 34 W.|.23
Winter 57|N. 39 19 W.}.274 |
Wie SOB sco |] cc |] cee He Hf See || ete [cee all age. HI boo. PNG aL GOL nyc ADT |

=
OP PROC wWow www
ee ,
WTERNWRAMMWwWwH:

= =
WWD MNSOONWOUMNSHED

eo

oat

ree

= bo J or

THROM RWERRORH ONO
eo

ee
eo}

(No. 31
Observed

years, in the

Place of
observation.

31.
Fort
Churchill.

| April

| June 58
| July | 52
| August } 2) 30

1 Observed at Monterey and Watsonville; upper and lower currents combined.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

) Western Nevada.
at Fort Churchill, by U. 8. Army Surgeons, for an aggregate period of over seven
years 1860 to 1869 inclusive.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE é
influences.

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Time of

the year. Direction,

to sum of winds,

Ii. or be-
tween 8. & E.
variable,

Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-
tween N.& E.
s.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.

| ion or ;
Number of days.

January 61
| February 3: 73 116
March 69) 191)
55) | 139)
58 | 2) 262!
262)
| 177}
| 212
166

131

| May

| September 60 : |
| October 109 34) 190)
November 88) | | 187
December 63) 52) 4 5} 148)
| Spring 182) 592
Summer 140) 651} 173) .-. |S. 80 + :

| Autumn 257) 543] 134|-... |N. 57 57 Wey. . 62 FE.
| Winter 395| 138] ... |S: 85 52 Wey.

. 88° 15/ W.|.268 |
54 W.l. s. 683 W.!.

155

197)| ae
The year! a0 . 89 31 W.1.2

49

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

March, 1875.

386 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. =

(Nos. 32 to 36.) Arizona, north of latitude 35°.

Observed by U. 8. Army Surgeons at the following military posts, viz. :—

Camp El Dorado, for an aggregate period of 19 months, in the years 1860, 1861 aud 1867.

Camp Willow Grove, for an aggregate period of 20 months, in the years 1868 and 1869.

Fort Defiance, for an aggregate period of 8% years, in the years 1852 to 1854, 1856 to 1859, and
1860 to 1861, all inclusivee

Fort Mojave, for an aggregate period of 53 years, in the years 1859 to 1861, and 1865 to 1869,
both inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ea influences,
22 | Z
a a J E Be &
Place of Time of the oa Pr) | 28 SB g | Direction of | £6 ; ; bt
observation. year. ne an | aap bz | 3 | resultant. |—¢ | Direction.
> |o 5 _ |o oe | os : v
sf Uf (rev WP =a Sean au Ma Pr Qe 3 | 3
5 |Re| 2 As] 6 Fe! so |Fe les | ge e | &
Z2\25| A los| mw |oe| & |\Ae|o || 4 ees
( January 20) 9) 24! a) 36) 19) 19) 27
February 32 7 49) 25), 59) 23) 36) 18
March 9} 24) 18 3) 12 9 6} 12
April 67; 12) 18); 15|) 48 3 6) 6
May 33] 9 6| 15) 70; 18). 18 9
June 26) 6 9} 18) 83) 18 3) 3
July 3 6) 22) 101 3, 13) 15) 21)
32. | August DS ees eee 3 3) 6) 18
Camp { September} 12) 21) 27) 15 Shep Ole Cli iG
El Dorado. | | October 18} 6) 21) 15 9 6 Sieeeol
November| 6] 6] 27] 6 Sie 8) aI) walt
December OW ole tooo 6 0} 24) 21) ...
| Spring 109} 45) 42) 33] 180 27; 30) 27] ... |S. 66°44/E. |.073
| Summer 44) 30) 49] 128] 86 24| ‘
| Autumn 36| 33] '75| 36
Winter | 52) 19) 106) 42
{Ul ialalive tayzessurs sec e oel ee cl | ect er 577
( January 214) 61) 15) BT)
| February | 195) 55} 28) 50)
ews 165) 30) 61) 86
April 134} 33) 62) 81)
| May 78 5) 25) 138
| June 20} 18] 23) 104
| July DL 9 | 23 | ae
33. | August 30/8); 20) 69
Fort | September) 75 8| 29} 78
Mojave. October 188) 45) 28! 76
| November| 232) 56) 36) 70
| December | 304) 42) 40, 23
| Spring 377 68) 148) 305
Summer 61) 35) 66 249)
Autumn 495| 109} 93) 224
Winter 713, 158| 83) 130)
Uy ANE eoo teem || oa || alae | 1948
( January 9) 41 2 2 31
February | 51) 29} 5] 8) 57
March 51; 10 2) 1 62
| April 39| 29 ope 60
| May 38] 19] 2] 6 62
June 20) 22) 7 2 Be
July 27; 37) 3] 6
Ae August 31| 31 2 8) 8 62
Willew | September} 21) 29) 2) 5 4 60
Grove October 10) 39 0 0} 0 31
; November| 16, 35) 1 3 4 30
| December| 16] 32] 2) 1] 1} 26 ee ee 31
| Spring 128} 58} 13) 12) 80) 166) 41) 31) 18 |S. 82 47 W.|.22 14
Summer 78| 90) 12) 12) 119) 127) 42) 36) 31 |S. 55 33 W.).16 184
| Autumn 47; 103 3 8} 35) 88 8| 43) 24 IN. 22 0 W.!.14 eeateeeiecs ws | ae
| Winter 76|.102}...9) 11) 22) 67 8) 55) 6 |N. 2 48 W.).31 eueeestes oven 1S
(| The year? | ... | ... aco os . IN. 52 20 W.|-13 Saeisees --. | 1608
35 (| Spring 614) 171] 203) 350) 516) 254) 127| 263) 18 |S. 74 17 E. 403 (Si 482 We 02 858
North- Summer | 183) 155| 127| 389) 668) 275) 144) 119) 31 |S. 6 41 E |.363|S. 2 E. | .387] 705
eaten | Autumn | 578 245) 171) 268) 358) 198) 126) 199) 24 |N. 31 51 E. |.11 | N. 183 E. | .09 760
eieaaall | Winter 841| 279| 198| 183| 223] 193] 215} 277| 6 |N. 1 43 W.|.381 | N. 74 W.| .80| 808
The year’ 555 le acenllt cece, | sete lh teed ce: . |N. 76 50 E. |.03 conoonce ws ole
(| Spring 166 119) 60) 87| 289) 499) 515 250 . |S. 71 45 W.|.444]S. 834 W.] .07 706
Reo || Summer | 239) 155 125] 157| 386) 327) 578) 251) ... |S. 72 30 W. .30 S. 81 E. | .10| 706
eastern 4} Autumn | 285) 145) 76) 156) 335) 477) 721) 352) ... |S. 81 50 W.).40 | N. 39 W.| .03 789
Ari 2 || Winter el 108) 68) 110) 302) 401) 647| 346) ... |S. 87 35 W.).42 | N. 32 W.| .07 | 785
'wona-" || The year | eel eee ee | eee la ES we ZG ree Il a ... (2986
! Camps El Dorado ands Willow Grove na Fort I eitolnven: 2 Fort Defiance.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Place of observation.

SERIES

(No. 37.)
Observed as follows :—

By whom observed.

IB; AMIN IS Mh, My AI BAYS

Southwestern Utah.

Aggregate
length

of time. Dei

TO 40°

N.

387

Harrisburg,
Heberville,
Rockville,

St.
Vineland,

George,

James Lewis,

Harrison Pearce,

Andiew L. Siber,

H. Pearce & G. A. Burgon,
Andrew L. Siber,

yrs. m
1867, 1868 and 1869.
1861 and 1862.
1866.

bow ona ag

1864,

1862 to 1866 inclusive, and 1869.

Kind of
observations,

37. Aggregate.

Observed at the following military posts, by officers connected therewith, viz. :—

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of the
year.

Spring
‘Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
| Winter
The year! | ...
Spring
Summer
Autumn
| Winter
| The year!

Surface

Motion

combined. of clouds.

The two

N. E. or be-

is
Oo Direction of
a5 resultant.
°
io}

tween N. & EB.
tween N & W.
variable.

Calm or

=|
OS)
o |
2
=
S

mR

94
97
69
42

| 485
| 340)
| 315
301

Reo
>I
a
los)
10

59

15
17
28
54
13
27

39

0

40

5 54
3 28
56

3

167

47
107
102

137
100
101
113
652
387
422
403

231
197
170
155

(Riz [Cn Ta ch A ht Un We ta To

- 49° 48/ W.|.-

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction,

°

to
BEES

| Number or days.

(Nos 38 to 50.)

Place of observation.

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

New Mexico, north of latitude 35°.

Aggregate
jength

of time. DEE.

Abiquiu,
Albuquerque,

Camp Cimarron,
Camp Plummer,
Cantonment Burgwin,
Ceboletta,

Fort Bascom,

Fort Fauntleroy,

Fort Lowell,

Fort Union,

Fort Wingate,
Laguna,

Las Vegas,

Rayado,

Santa Fé (Fort Marcy),
Taos,

yrs

ra
Mw oS

1868 and 1869.

1867, 1868 and 1869.
1854 to 1860 inclusive.
184%, 1850 and 1851.

re bo

1860 and 1861.

1868 and 1869.

1851 to 1869 inclusive.
1863 to 1869 inclusive.
1852.

1850 and 1851.

1851.

1849 to 1867 inclusive.
May and June, 1550.

H
SRORFOCOARDCOCOWNaAH

Now Pa Oe Ee

1864, 1865, 1866 and 1869.

July, August and September, 1851.
1849 to 1861 and 1863 to 1867, both inclusive.

388 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 38 to 43.) New Mexico.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE F Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ag influences. 2
— 2s B
a Si = A a= cI
Place of Time of 24 od £2 $2 | Directionof }2o] a
observation, the year. meo rales pes mr | resultant. —¢ | Direction. =
; | 64 Be ae lou of | 5's es aaa
= ay = S os “a ney =] Ske on eo |
= (48) a las| S|ES|] Esl ss Eo {| de
zw \eE| aloe] alael & leelS & Soke,
t|January | 71) 103) 58) 54| 29] 83| 119] 134| 0 cae | 217
February | 40] 52) 55/ 83] 21/ 120] 93] 100) 0o | 198
March 58} 59! 56] 70/ 42) 103] 141] 124] 0 - vo 217
April 41} 63} 76) 64] 51) 105) 131) 99] 0 + | 210
| May 29| 58) 76) 72| 3%] 92] 125] 68] 1 ve (| 217
| June 41} 44) 57| 69) 71} 79) 112] 64] 3 «. | 1t0
July 42| 43 67] 81] 79} 73| 109) 53] 11 sa fel a6
38. August | 28] 23] 85] 80) 66} 82) 66] 30] 5 ve | 155
Fort September] 43) 45] 74) 102) 59) 106) 120| 1] 9 se | 210
Wingate. October 28] 51] 75! 88} 25) 94 99} 73] O ree | aS
November| 38] 36] 60/ 80| 47] 106| 116) 82] 20 oa hill)
December | 64] 84]- 62} 83] 29] 56] 100] 147] 12 | «....-...0. wie [pcos of ay
Spring 128] 180] 208) 206] 130) 300] 397| 291] 1 |S. 85°25’ W.|.18 |N. 60° W.|.06 | 644
Summer | 111) 110] 209] 230) 216) 234] 287/ 147| 19 |S. 23 3 W.|.174|S. 28°. |.132. 521
Autumn | 109] 132} 209] 270) 131} 306] 335) 226) 29 |S. 51 4 W.|.16 |S. 6 E. |.06 | 606
Winter | 175] 239] 175] 220] 79] 259] 312) 381] 12 |N. 53 33 W.|.18 |N. 5 W.J.15 | 632
UL] The year) |e ee | Ae |oee [cee [eee | ak | cove, ene Lae Wee eleeg oar ene ce | ea
39 (| Spring 28] 51] 18] 25] 31] 116] 86] 96 N. 89 34 W.|.363
Ceboletta || Swmmer 69) 35; 50) 102; 77) 71) 132) 71 BoLo/eeeon Wiel ald |
wd 4{ Autumn | 61} 16} 34) 72} 61) 71| 153] 161] ... [N. 83 47 w.|.35
iacuneel Winter 57| 20] 48] 15] 38] 119] 232] 200 N. 80 7 W.|.54
FAG Dites yeane it oop || eostyl ese li cezen|aceem lec eeeed lesen fameetel eta NemGGmmsl eiyel eaae
40. Spring 168] 249] 241) 243) 176} 497| 564) 429] 1 |N. 86 45 W.'.243/N. 59 W.|.08
North- Summer | 180) 199) 283) 368) 329) 410) 434) 220) 19 |S. 25 54 W.|.184/8. 35 E. /.17
western Autumn | 170) 226] 261} 372} 195| 473) 506) 417] 29 |S. 69 36 W.|.15 |S. 20} E. |.04
New Winter 232) 319] 262} 253] 117| 402) 569) 614] 12 |N. 63 19 W./25 |N.17 W,].143
Mexico.! [ Mhevyear’ ye Sale., eee cem|iecsem | eee lleecenimeeen emteat ews lea OMAN etic
i (| Spring 49) 189] 61] 47| 30) 92) 163) 77] 28 |N. 26 39 W.|.163/S. 22 W.|.04
2 | 8 @ || Summer 45) 137| 52} 21} 30] 90| 86] 34] 56 |N. 9 51 W.|.104/S. 25 E. |.09
5° | 23 4| Autumn 71} 181) 21) 29) 12) 123) 82) 86] 20 |N. 23 15 W.!.243|/N. 42 W.|.06
Zé) 2 || Winter 89/ 215] 58] 54) 23) 122) 132) 79] 41 |N. 9 51 W.|.25 |N. 16 E. |.07
ie [El ebe:ycare ile alee || eeneelliveteal [lessee een ee N.17 46 W.|.19
Se); (| Spring 6| 3) 39] 46) 17] 13] 48] 3 S. 14 10 W.|.193/S. 63 W.|.21
ah | oo Summer 12) 11) 46) 10) 12 9| 47 5 8. 61 47 E. |.03 |N. 513 W.).14
Og }36 3) Autumn | 17] 11) 51/ 33; 4! 3] 16] 10) ... [N. 87 36 E. |.392|N. 6G &. |.28
SR Pe beet ye SN tS 74 ay) IS) IH GY Yt 8. 38 22 KE. |.252/8. 15 E. |.11
st Sill eee year? |e alle ceca eee lee lar aeeee | eee S. 53 56 EK, |.16
(| January | 118) 38] 50) 28 165) 36) 53) 29
February 73) 12) 36} 45) 144) 13) 43) 19
March 74, 8] 47] 13] 149] 19] 57] 28
April 63} 7] 50] 16] 155| 20) 56! io
May 72} 4) 63) 6] 161) 14) 40] 8
June 71; 4) 36] 10| 159} 98] 53] 12
July 63/0 Gl) 46) Pai eleG | 5 zal ens
42. ( August 67| 8| 47] 34) 190} 24) 65] 5
Cantonment 4 | September, 90! 21) 58] 40 249) 30] 49 6
Burgwin. || October | 114) 12 36] 36] 292) 36] 34| 16
November | 157} 11] 35] 20] 244) 32) 36) 14
December | 158} 12! 34) 33) 238! 65| 46] 17
Spring 209] 19) 160) 35] 465] 53] 153] 41 S. 4 25 w.|.242
Summer 201} 19} 129) 45) 495} 37/189! 20 Ss. 9 38 W.|.2
Autumn 361) 44) 129; 96) 785) 98] 119) 36 S. 1 37 E, |.303
Winter 349} 62] 120) 76) 547] 114] 142] 65 S. 11 52 W.|.17
The: yeass:| .2elaecculte coal selenite heme || beeee || Sen Reo UVa Neal
43. {| Spring 277| 214] 288] 98] 512) 172] 423] 136] 28 |s. 36 : . 234 W.|.032
Northern || St™mmer | 266} 205) 241) 83] 542/ 228! 404) 71] 56 |S. 29 S. 48 W.).05
New | Autumn | 449) 254) 201) 168| 801] 306] 217) 133] 20 |s. 3 S. 31 E. |.063
Mexico.2 || Winter 449| 284] 193) 148) 588] 245| 283) 148] 41 |S. 29 .15 E, |.06
tl Pbetyea13 | ecole nll eee een | ee Eee aeell ten Sore,

! Observed at Ceboletta, Laguna and Forts Fauntleroy and Wingate. Fi
? Abiquiu, Camp Plummer, Cantonment Burgwin, Fort Lo ell and Taos; upper and lower currents combined.
* Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 11. IGN'S BOS AUC! ZEOS INtp 389

(Nos. 44 to 48.) New Mexico.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a2 influences. f
—— EE g
Va a :
Place of Time of the o8 33 a8 S23 & Direction ei =
observation, year. 2 ; reel fae Ki: | =| of resultant. | u Direction, 2
adtee erento CE iale o8 Seals
- o i=] oq i=) Ff aA nerd on a) 2
B/AS) a lac] SES] gs l|es|ee Bo 2| &
wa lee| a |oe| a lee| Flee lo” FS la | 2
( January 303] 143) 59) 90] 80) 206) 213) 341
February | 230) 138} 85} 107) 81) 174! 125) 361
March 106} 89) 54) 1382) 89] 206] 168] 286
April 119} 181, 92) 144) 146} 272) 271) 245
May 80] 86] 48] 131] 109) 280) 202) 199
June 62} 97) 78} 186) 109} 302) 106) 131
July 80 143) 105) 218} 161} 256) 92) 165
44 August 119} 149; 137) 218) 167} 179) 101) 168
Santa Fé 14 | September} 120) 168) 110) 209) 199) 321) 175) 241
: October 182] 180) 90) 187} 240) 275) 188) 217
November} 211} 145) 73) 142) 95) 216) 190) 627
December | 266) 136) 61) $82) 77) 187| 194) 295
Spring 305| 356] 194) 407| 344) 758| 641) 730 8. 84° 21/ W.).26
Summer 261) 389] 320) 622) 437| 737) 299| 464 8. 11 59 W.).153
Autumn 513] 493) 273) 538) 534) 812) 553)1085 N. 79 46 W.|.19
Winter 799| AL7) 205) 279) 238) 567) 532) 997 N. 44 21 W.|.33
[L |) ANNE) S7@BNS | ono fF cco || co. |] deo) cee |) cco | oon || c0 N. 82 17 W.|.18
(| January 381) 206) 121) 30) 216) '79) 183) 106
February | 310) 137) 108) 59) 161 78| 231) 218
| March 189) 116) 93) 92) 317) 134] 269) 112
April 159) 69) 169} 120) 279) 130) 3809) 124
May $2} 46) 102) 58) 298) 130) 33 55
June 133] 28) 69) 71) 256) 154) 268] 48
July 90} 30) 104) 126) 390) 137) 281) 56
45. August 80] 48! 132) 109) 206] 158) 196) 140
Albu- | September; 150} 91) 133) 136) 242) 130] 271) 65
querque. October 191} 121) 224) 133) 226) 116} 232) 68
November} 290 118) 183) 94} 212) 75) 280) 128
December 426, 201' 215) 110) 185) 86) 185; 141
Spring 430) 231) 364) 270) 894] 394) 909} 291 S. 50 6 W.|.232
Summer 303| 106] 305| 306) 852) 449] 745) 244 8. 37 24 W.).32
Autumn 631) 330) 540) 363) 680) 321) 783) 261 S. 55 5 W.|.05
Winter 1117| 544) 444) 199) 562) 243) 599) 465 N. 7 53 W.}.23
(Li Winey sree) Good) bse. | ceo II ec) | Sone. Peo teres Il doe S. 65 39 W.}.12 |
A6. (| Spring 735) 587) 558) 677)1238)1152)1550 1021 S. 68 2 W.|.235| 5S. 435°W.!.10
Northern | | Summer 564) 495) 625) 928)1289)1186)1044) 708 S. 28 47 W.).23 |S. 10 EH. |.19
Central 4) Autumn 1144) 823) 813) 901/121-4)1133)1356 1346 N. 88 37 W.|.12' | N. 63 2B. |.03
New | | Winter 1916) 961) 649) 478) 800) $10)1131)1462 N. 29 10 W.|.27°) N. 33 E. |.244
MERIC On [Ujmlemyeat®: |eancli\ecey|) cert lll ms|i cers) llisleen itl lese ||| len S. 85 15 W.}.144
Spring 54| 55) 39) 46! 81) 86) 81) 47 S. 53 18 W.| 163
Aq (| Suminer 33) 22) 40) 30) 69) 74} 89) 25 S. 47 9 W.|.294
ita TAeas J) Autumn 37| 24) 3 40) 95) 57) 55) 40 8. 30 12 W.).25
ci : cen eeeel il Vinten 99| 56} 34) 25) 74) 138) 146) 88 N. 86 55 W.}.324
[L |) Wn@ ENS | cco || eco I! doa |} ooo} coe |] 255 {I cco |} "00 5. 58 14 W.|.234
i January | 290) 132) 57) 156) 132) 110) 136) 399
February | 214 123) 74) 124) 128) 150) 161) 390)
March 264) 147| 70] 117) 154) 155) 189] 421) 1
April 240) 144) 60) 125) 173 198} 192) 262
May 167) 108} 62) 123) 327) 241) 343) 297) 2
June 128} 82] 97] 150) 284) 246) 193) 187
July 103) 84) 105) 187) 423) 235] 189) 199
48. August 197! 124] 110) 161} 386} 239) 190) 227
Fort September] 245) 116} 90) 172) 286) 251) 198) 240
Union. October 346] 144) 92) 199] 251! 161} 152) 338) 1
November] 377| 131} 86) 145) 173] 135) 169) 412
December | 393| 141} 69] 169) 170] 147) 149) 495
Spring 671| 399] 192) 365 654) 594) 724) 980) 3 |N. 74 & W..|.25
Summer | 428] 290] 312) 498 1093] 720) 572) 613) ... |S. 36 1 W.|.24
Autumn 968} 391| 268) 516) 710) 547) 519, 990) 1 |N. 55 16 W.).17
Winter 897| 396] 200) 449| 430] 407) 4461284) ... |N. 88 49 W.}.30
[L |} ise pee |) eee eee MI don | ceo | aco |] cee HP cep If ec | coo NG EE PAD Vai olltce

! Fort Marcy. 2 Albuquerque and Santa Fé.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

390 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 49 and 50.) New Mexico.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE ‘ Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF 1HE COMPASS. a2 influences. F
= — — — ee Sq a
; ae b
Bs a LE a2 =
Place of Time of the 24 oe | 33 54) | Direction of | 26 =
observation, year. Lye ain | | bey | | bz | .3 resultant, \S8 Direction, be
au ie ae a 2 a 9 Ween) Se om a 2
= (AS) ¢ las] 3 ES] 8 |Fs| es fae Bl
Blige) las | ales | Pye | | a],
(| January 15) 87) 0} 45 18| PA CO (0) | 62
| February | 26) 85); 9] 14) 2) 47) 64 8 85
| March 4| 37) 44) 24 29 143) 48) 43 124
April 39] 96) 50) 19} 27} 21) 3] 15 120
May } 14) 100) 41; 32) 36) 11) 25) 20) .. 93
June 8 60) 21) 106) 46) 15 8 Gime 90
| July 1} 17) 35) 54) 76) 103) 23 Oe 93
49. August 10} 32) 20) 82) 41) 57) 10) 27) . | 93
Fort September} 8) 76) 26) 36) 70) 34) 14) 6. Wereaa 90
Bascom. | | October 1} 29] 40) 144) 35) 25 5 QO} . en 93
November 0} 33) 30 30) 37 64| 42) 34). | ee 90
| December| 8] 55) 20) 17) 41) 9] 22] 14| .. See as cas | 068 | 62
Spring 57| 233] 135} 75) 92) 175} 76) 78 N. 85°15’ E. |.103 337
| Summer 19] 109} 76) 242) 163] 175) 41) 33 S. 21 54 424 276
Autumn 9| 138) 96) 210) 142) 123) 61) 40} 8. 34 21 36 273
Winter 49| 227) 29) 76] 61| 77] 86] 22) N. 56 56 |. 209
Rhesy earls heal realise cdl tensa || Meceel||pes=il|\meseel|liteen 8. 45 29 |. | o 1095
50. Spring 788) 692) 379) 505; 861) 892) 970)1116 N. 79 25 W.!|. .|-073
North- Summer | 528) 451| 543) 797)1460/1020) 864) 712 |S. 25 25 |.2: |.22
eastern Autumn (1063) 584) 467) 806 994) 754 6941108 N. 73 51 W.!. |.033
New Winter 1052] 689) 691) 554) 569) 624) 695)1405) N. 26 20 Jaz |-L74
Mexico.! The year |3431)/2416)/ 2080 2662 3884/3290 3223 4341| N. 87 45 [
|

' Observed at Las Vegas, Rayado, Forts Bascom and Union and Camp Cimarron.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 51 to 57.)
Observed as foll

OWS :—

Colorado, south of latitude 40°.

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. dence Date.
yrs. mos.
Carson City. Thomas Macon, 0 1 December, 1869.
Central City, W. D. McLain, 1 5 1860, 1861 and 1862.
Denver City, D.C. Collier & F.J. Stanton, | 0 2 | October and November, 1859.
Fort Garland, Post Surgeon, 8 10 1858 to 1869 inclusive.
Fort Lyon, Post Surgeon, 3 5 1861 to 1863 and 1867 to 1869, both inclusive.
Ft. Massachusetts, | Post Surgeon, 4 8 | 1852 to 1855 inclusive. .
Fort Reynolds, Post Surgeon, 1 8 | 1868 and 1869.
Fort Wise, Post Surgeon, 1 ai 1860, 1861 and 1862.
Fountain, Arthur M. Merriam, 0 1 August, 1860. 5
Golden City, E. L. Berthoud, 0 4) 1860 and 1867.
Montgomery, James Luttrell, 0 6 1863 and 1864.
Mountain City, W. D. McLain, 1 5 1860, 1861 and 1862.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 2 influences. 4
a EE :
od | E E Be B
Place and | Time of the | 23 O28 Sz 32 3 | Direction of | 25 ete S
kind of year. er a By aS Alm resultant. mS Direction. =
observations, & ° 2 oe Wes ae f Beet Om a 3 3g
5 Ae) elas] B |e) 8 |Fs | ee =8 5| 2
4 (46) A lib) m lib) laze lo a B|
fess Spring 27 | 41 | 57 | 61 Waren 241) 208) 107) 51/S. 75° 22’ W.|.42
94 || Summer | 20 | 24 | 22 | 78 | 21 | 216) 124) 82) 148, 61 2 W.|.46
- |S 7] Autumn | 8 | 44] 18 | 81 | 28 | 297] 46) 70) 103/S. 43 56 W.|.41
S| Ge || Winter | 41 | 55 | 25 | 11 | 29 | 332) 175] 162) 32)/S. 80 20 W.|.53
s Velho ny Ce 72h ii-e tl laren lireceas | meme | eocotel ecg eeeeda | reel S. 66 12 W.).444
= 3 {| Spring A) 2741.33) || 1 4| 32) 124) 47) ... JN.79 39 W.).43
o| ss | Summer Gaj eO meee OM eat DI 420i N. 67 13 W.|.44
34884) Antumn | 1 } 10} 0} 9) oO} 13) Of 5]... |S. 10 11 E. |-103
& ]s° || Winter 16 | 10 2| 0 2 13} 69] 14) ... |N. 74 36 W.|.65
8 PGMs eel pose I coe | Geo | ae || ces Il Se |} see Ere Be ely
2 os [| Spring 31 | 68 | 90 | 72 | 7 | 273] 332) 154) 51/S. 81 57 W.|.413] N. 5° W.| .09
| £2 || Summer | 26 | 24 | 30) 78 | 22 | 218/ 144) 87| 14/8. 63 47 W.|.45 |S. 43 W.| 05
a o54| Autumn | 9 | 54 | 18 | 90 | 28 | 310] 46) 75] 103)/S. 43 18 W.|.59 |S. 463 E. | 19
fa g || Winter 57 | 65 | 27 | 11 | 31 | 345] 244) 176) 32/8. 84 4 W.).54 | N.57 W.) 16)
LS L. The year | Balisecs “of IS: 69) 43) Wil.43) |)" eases | .. 1614
| { \ l

* Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

' Observed at Carson, Central, Denver, Golden and Mountain Cities and at Fountain and Montgomery.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 52 to 57.)

YA (0) 18, A TL 1 AN
Colorado.— Contin

Ts BHo WO) 20° IN.

ued.

391

Cr ed

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
Difrersnt POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences,
cia as si Sialic
a fs se oF 32
Place of Time of 24 ba P= 224| | Directionof |2o|)
observation. the year. EA Paes By; oF rece) resultant. Se Direction.
gi oel . (Pal ales] 2 lee ge on Ey
6 See Ie eee, Ree ee zs 5
4 |45| a luis) m lat! Eze \o Ie len
(| January 48) 101) 156) 37] 62) 186) 195) 50 r
February 16} 88] 102) 27) 57| 142) 210) 38
March 27) 94! 81) 28] 43) 236) 262) 66
April 17] 116) 75) 28) 57) 165) 216) 43
May 11} 108) 82) 50) 77) 180) 182) 54
June 14} 139} 68) 61} 49) 215) 133) 41
July 9] 123) 171) 118} 68) 167) 137) 41
52. August 18} 119) 171} 90) 56) 127) 127) 36
Fort September] 15) 169) 96] 60) 114) 154) 145) 57
Garland. October 32] 193] 134) 46) 81) 141) 145) 77
November} 71) 154) 127) 3 78) 162] 182) 73
December | 60) 213) 13 54) 87) 146) 192) 41
Spring 55| 318] 238) 106) 177) 581) 660) 163 5. 67° 34’ W.|.303
Summer 41) 381] 410} 269) 173) 509) 397) 118 S. 9 5 E, /.14t
Autumn 118) 516} 357) 140) 273) 457) 472) 207 S. 61 22 W.|.05
Winter 124) 402} 395) 118) 206) 474) 597) 129) ... |S 64 21 W.|.12
LL] Piney sree |}-cog |] “ean |} cco |} cco} Goon I! Sn0 | con: IP ccc0 . |S. 51 32 W.|.132
53 Spring 159] 110} 32) 86] 183] 299) 255] 120] ... |S. 70 40 W. dah
“Fort Summer 306] 108} 92) 101) 247) 255) 218) 169] ... |N. 89 21 W.|.184
Mes ache Autumn 316] 127| 66} 87) 241) 313) 214) 124 iS. 84 20 W.|.204
eis | | Winter 301} 87} 46) 76) 204) 263) 208) 93 IS. 87 2 W.|.234
SEMIS TU) Gin ween |] os |} scot} coe |) cco |! Sen |f ae ll cco || cen ll cen SS BML GIS uy PER we
(| Spring 214) 428) 270) 192) 360) 880) 915) 283 |S. 68 42 W.].31 |S. 71° W.| .14
54. || Summer | 347 489} 502) 370} 420) 764) 615) 287 iS. 37 19 W.).1i |S. 75 &. | .09
Southern Autumn | 434) 643) 423) 227) 514) 770) 686) 331 S. 77 17 W.|.11 | N. 483 E. | .06
Colorado.! Winter 425| 459) 441) 194) 410) 737) 805) 222 |S. 75 53 W.|.152|]N. 5 &, | .03 |
Woe seen | 255 |) cao}. ds6 |] eae | 65501), God NIP ose IP cog |) do) ISG G7 ay AnvollotleP | see eae :
Spring 3 7| 75) 64 9} 26) 167) 18] O |S. 54 32 W.|.24
55. Summer 0} 19) 74) 171 W| 21) 252 8) 0 |S. 27 25 W.).25
Fort Autumn 2) 7] 131} 110) 3 9) 270) 14) O |S. 45 55 W.).18
Reynolds. Winter 2 1) 81) 26 1} 20) 208} 24) 0 |S. 84 19 W.).384
Tine srewOS | sso Hace |} coc | ceo Meee ccs Po nes son Ices “IS lt PAIL Wis)
January 49)| 39) 42) 31) 36) 79| 57) 39) 0 606.060.000008 Be
February | 21| 60) 54) 49) 58) 77| 68} 30) 4 ah
March AQ) 48) 72) 77) 55) 62) 69) 35) 1 ata
April 46] 58) 65) 51) 37) 80) 59) &3) 0 200
May A5| 33) 63) 89) 82) 47) 43) 38) 1) ... a
June 21} 37) 90) 95) 75) 43) 50) 20) 1 655 me
56 July 22) 24) 97) 110 87) 36] 31) 28) 3 roe me
a August Sl Sal wWn@)) 12] UE) AO) BEG AN coseeoonsen |) ceo | cemccccoe
Tees na September] 37| 32) 91) 79 80 56) 45} 17) 9 coe Z 60
Trise October Sy) ll Bill Be yl) ZO Big, BTW cocceccoena |} con
oe November| 29) 35] 58 42/ 46) 102) 84) 48) 1 | ........ |.
December] 36) 33) 49 55) 79) 90) 53) 18) 1 Ssaencrtioo6 Ae
Spring 131) 139} 200 217) 174) 189) 171) 126) 2 |S. 22 7 #H. |.11d
Summer 78| 93) 297 307 265 128) 109} 56) 8 |S. 41 12 E. |.383
Autumn 96) 148} 200 179] 197| 207) 186) 109} 11 |S. 6 28 EB. |.143
Winter 106) 132) 145 135) 173) 246) 178) 87| 5 |S. 23 41 W.}.16$/ ...
Mey EB | coo cos, || cco |} 5501} os0 |] c00 |) ae |] coo I cao IfSlo NG) ZB De [ailts) o0e oc
57 Spring 134 146] 275 281) 183) 215) 338) 144) 2 |S. 4 23 W. 114 N. 054
Sonthe Summer 78| 112) 371 478) 272) 149) 361) 64) 8 |S. 28 20 B. |.31 | 58. £ - 2
in Autumn 98) 155} 331 289) 200) 216) 456) 123) 11 |S. 37 12 W.|.173) N. .|.08
Colorada.2 || Winter | 108) 133] 226 161) 174) 266) 386) 111] 5 |S. 48 13 W.).19 | N. .|.12
VISTEROS 11 athe see | cco || con (lcoe tom ll oo ll ce leo ee tt oe (Sb D7 23 AWOGIIG I coreeee

Number of days.

1795
583
644
637
541

2405

! Observed at Forts Garland and Massachusetts.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
a a

(Nos. 58 to 64.)

Kansas, west of longitude 97°.

Observed at the following military posts, by officers connected therewith, viz. :—

Place of observation.

Douner’s Station,

Fort Atkinson,
Fort Dodge,
Fort Ellsworth or Fort Harker,
Fort Hays,
Fort Larned,

Aggregate
length of
time.

yrs.

TINONWH

1867, 1868 and 1869.
1850 to 1853 inclusive.
1867, 1868 and 1869.
1866 and 1869.

1867, 1868 and 1869.
1860 to 1869 inclusive.

2 Observed at Forts Reynolds, Lyon and Wise.

392 : WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 58 to 62.) Kansas.— Continued,
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ea influences.
eee = pect ees = ia
= | : q a
A |, Aa ai Bo
Place and Time of 2 | oa BS Sa| ¢| Direction | 25
kind of the year. oy eae bef ae S| of resultant. |< | Direction.
Al aha ao 5n of | ee o&
observations. » 15 S : oa s *
S)]s8| slag) Slee] = lesl ee Qe $
6 Be So epee eg ocdiae =2 2
4 |4=| 8 |ms] a |ne| F lBEloO m =
Spring 226) 128) 109} 173) 168} 83) 54) 59) ... JN. 86°51/E. |.17

‘a
58. j | Summer 45) 88] 99) 322) 250) 85) 25) 40) ... |S. 34 24 E. |.51
Fort | sine 150| 82) 38] 142) 157, 63] 68] 37] ... |S. 40 23 E. |.12
|
if

Atkinson. Winter 194] 120) 62! 123) 101} 79] 40] 210) ... |N. 1 21 W.|.19

The year? Be ei9 2) ae DAI |” aoe He

| January 31) 17] 1) 27) 14, 21] 93) 48] 4
February | 42} 7 1] 30} 15] 18) 17] 35| 6
Mareh 4j} 17) 10} 26) 22) 13] 192) 40) 5
April 4i\ 19) 4) 22) yl) 2a) Sze sai 4
May 20) 16 9) 38) 17) 238 8| 33) 19
June V7) “5! 6) 164) (35) 4 ele ajas
July 2] 5] | 51] 61| 22) 3] 2! o
59. August 65| 12) 16} 59) 50] 15) 17| 40] o
Fort September} 68} 9] 10] 63) 57 9 7; 40) 0
Dodge. October 41| 14) 13] 42] 41) 18] 18] 31] 0
November| 65] 26! 21/ 38] 52) 34) 31] 55) 0
December | 76) 18] 4) 35] 49) 32] 31] 61| 0
Spring 108] 52} 26] 86) 56] 57) 27] 106) 28 |N.16 37 W.|.12
Summer 94) 22) 29] 174] 146) 51) 28| 54| 19 |S. 31 21 FE. |.412
Autumn | 174) 49] 44/ 143] 150} 61| 56] 126) Oo |N. 67 41 W.|.01
Winter 149} 42) 6} 92) 78} 71) 71) 144) 10 IN. 54 29 W.|.222
L) The year? |... [’..0 | 2 | cee | vee | cm | ee | tee | ven (S22 48 W.|-06
60 '| Spring 334] 180| 135) 259) 224) 140} 81] 165) 28 |N : N. 194°R. |.11
Saree | Vistaanaer 139] 110] 128] 496) 396) 136) 53] 94| 19 |S S. 253 B, |.34
eae , | Autumn | 324) 131} 82] 285) 307} 124) 124) 163] 0 |s. N. §2 W.'.03$
Reena [ Winter 343] 162] 68] 215] 179] 150) 111] 345] 10 |N N. 343 W.-253
nee The year |1140| 583] 413/1255|1106) 550] 369) 767| 57 |s
(| January 27 0| 25 4) 11 11) 14 | 0
February €2 9) 20} 11) 23) 23) 19 4 0
March 49| 6] 37] 12) 24) 24) 95) 9] oO
April 30) 11) 34] 32) 13] 22! 98] 7 oO
May 33) 4! 17| 23] 10) 32) 29] 20] oO
June 10 Si 151) 10 7 BH TS) ley) 0)
July |) 73) Gb) A eo | eo
61. August TG 8) S|) 8) 0 iG) eS eat erlang
Douner’s 5 September] 22) 4] 15] 11 ) Zi UGH) ln
Station. October 39), 128i" 21) “39 8} 11) 26) 24

November} 28] 3] 19] 51] 36) 13] 17] 13]
December | 32] 18] 14) 47] 11) 13] 39) 12)
Spring 112} 21) 88] 67| 47] 78) 82) 36
Summer 37| 19) 50} 33) 17) 29) 55] 36)
Autumn 89). 25). 55) 101) 5
Winter 121) 27) .59| 62) 45) 47) 72) 17
L) The year? oor [Na Ee

[ (| January 47| 20 8} 28) 36) 8] 14) 25) o
February 34) 18] 15] 23 9) 24) 13) 35) 0
March 30] 19) 14) 12) 36} 23) 22 30! 0
April 29} 18] 19 2) 25) 29) 19) 29) ©
‘May 14 15] 18/ 28] 69| 28) | 12] 0
- June 3} 8 9] 24) 103] 24, 5) 4) O
i July OS Se PA eA) sala NS alll a 00)
aS August 10} 22) 24) 46) 114) 52) 3 5) 3
g 2 4 September} 33] 39] 17] 24] 93] 46 4 14) 0
| & October 41| 45) 22) 18) 76} 45; 12) 33) 0
>| 5. || November] 48] 22/ 24) 27/° 51) 33] 17] 48/ 0
51 & |) December| 69/ 34) 19| 17) 37/ 21/ 20| 52/ 0
Fe Spring 73] 52) 51) 52) 130} 80] 43 71 0
i Summer 13) 36) 35} 99) 333) 107 9) 10) 3
Autumn 122) 106] 63) 69) 220) 124) 33) 95) oO
Winter 150) 721 42) 68 82! 53) 47/ 112! Oo
The year? | .. erm cries) Wer leech | rece |Weicron || scooey acee
4 {| Spring 3} 9) 12) 10) VO) ab} 5)
az |} Summer 8 1 9 2) 10; 4 10 2
2 {|Autumn | ;17/ 6] 30] 11) 16, 11] 5] 0 . 5 E. |. :
=I | Winter Di Doi ov WO ail Reel ees 6| ... |N. 88 41 E. |.53 | N. 67 E. |.33
Se MS cre Ile) eel eee ae | SF dl! naw eeetewllses HCC bISsebe tok OB eco duostnses a

! Observed at Forts Atkinson and Dodge. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Number of days.

SERIES

(Nos. 63 and 64.)

Place and
H kind of
observations.

63.
Fort
Larned.

<>)

Surface
winds.

64. Western Central Kansas.!

—

|
[
|
|

2preceding Motion
combined of clouds.

Time of
the year.

|——<——

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

B. ZONH# 11.

Top Ag es

Kansas.— Continued.

E. or be-
tween N.& E.

N. E.

E. or be-
tween 8. & E,

Ss.

77

43

4]
294
376
224
150
471
726
538
282
10
10
17
21

481

736)
555

303

tween S.& W.

407)
542,
674)
473

variable,

tween N.& W.
Calm or

N. W. or be-

ANRAAM MAAN AAR nia

7'*OoOwo:

5°

TO 40°

Direction of |
resultant.

3
81
52
60
77

3
64
45
41
217
45
42
23
45
67

3
66
45
22

48
13
20
19
12
37
16
49

E.

Wolk
W.|.
W.|.
W.|.

E

67° 25/ W.|.05

Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

W.|.08
W.2
wld

E.

w.l.

E.

N.

393

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Number of days.

pw
OUND 02 09

QHH
eon

AAA AA in
4gh™ ge4e

. 894

1 Observed at Douner’s Station, Forts Ellsworth or Harker, Hays and Larned.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 65 to 67.)

Observed as follows :—

SB I TS EE 4

Aggregate

length of
time.

Northeastern Indian Territory.

Place of observation. By whom observed. Date.

yrs. mos.

1860.
1828 to 1857 inclusive,
1840.
1860.

Eh-yoh-hee,
Fort Gibson,
Fort Wayne,
Lee’s Creek,

Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon,

Place of
observation.

65.
Fort
Gibson.

50

Time of
the year.

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

361
318

274!

180
119

113)

54

114,

178

246)

302
383
573
281
726
1062

al

March, 1875,

tween N. & E,

N. E. or be-

| 231
| 183
240
146
174
130
129
172
279
283
204
242
560
431
826
| 656
2473

|2228

\1676) 5
1393)
1148)
5690,

tween S.& W.

| 3. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

278
256
238
210
123}

70)
110)
111)
111)
208,
255)
279)

Siyduiyer=
sit eas
YA)...
813) re

| 320)
2 [22941175 2249) Be
|

variable.

ANN

Direction
of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences,

Direction,

| Number of days.

.04
25
| .09

|

10472

B94

(Nos. 66 and 67.)

Place and
kind of
observations.

January
February
March

April
| May
June
July

Surface
winds.

Motion
of clonds.

sd.

67. Aggregate of all stations.

2 preceding

—

Time of
the year. j

August
September}
October
| November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year! ci |
| Spring |
Summer 298) 474
| Autumn
Winter
The year

WINDS OF

THE

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE

CoMPASS.

GLOBE.

Northeastern Indian Territory.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

. E. or be-
tween N, & E,

tween 8. & E.
S. W, or be-
tween 5S. & W. |

H

bo

ad
o rea bo
TAWONMAMOONORWSO

i i
PWN OmHPhAWH OL

WonmMmceoscorAs

~-)

nEIOROOMNONKUIAG

b

=
39

eb

C=)

Aw

va, | Ge. | eee ee
rid] Sal gues
297| 470, 643/1780)/1702
788) 859 6411440 1138)
1080 675) 5491185, 789
2746 2595/2354 5978/4734
A BH SO a)
alll ay Sat Lake
ie} A) Zi By) BB
Al 0 0) 7)

5211573 1115

6541784 1716

6481448 1171| 442

549/1192) 793) 519

eee aie
|

586) 594 742
801) 861
1084] 675
2769) 2604

827|

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

i
wo

eb

H

Ps

bo bo

344
314 368
312| 712
332) 869
foe eee

RE RDOUNNDRONNWANS

Direction of

resultant. | Direction.

variable,
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,
Number of days.

Calm or

6/ E.
i

58

3 24

99
22

7ple

Aw!

Fall

AAAAAAD NM iniA hn mH

(Nos. 68 to 76.)

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

Kansas, east of longitude 97°.

Date.

Atchison,

Avon,

Baxter Springs,
Burlingame,
Burlington,
Cayuga,
Celesteville,
Council Grove,
Crawfordsville,
Fort Leavenworth,
Fort Riley,

Fort Scott,
Gardner,

Holton,

Junction City,
Lawrence,
Leavenworth City,

Dr. H. B. and Miss Clotilde Horn,
Allen Crocker,

Ingraham and Hyland,
Lucian Fish,

Allen Crocker,

William H. Gilman,

Rev. J. H. Drummond,

A. Woodworth, M.D.,
Percy Daniels,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon and others,
Post Surgeon,

G. F. Merriam and J. Scott,
Dr. James Walters,

fk. W. Seymour, M.D.,

G. W. Brown and others,!'
H. D. McCarty and others,?

4

CPRHOOCWNOA

mos.

a
NDRrFrFOoOaWwWh

Ee 09
ons
HOW RWAINAD

H

1865 to 1869 inclusive.

1866.

1867, 1868 and 1869.

1857 to 1861 inclusive.

1869.

April, 1858.

1859 and 1860.

1858, 1859 and 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
1869.

1831 to 1869 inclusive, except 1835.

1853 to 1869 inclusive.

1843 to 1853 inclusive.

1860, 1861 and 1862.

1867, 1868 and 1869.

1862.

1857 to 1864 and 1867 to 1869 both inclusive.
1857 to 1862 and 1866 to 1869 all inclusive.

1 W. J. R. Blackman, A. N. Fuller, N. L. G. Soule, Geo. W. Hollingworth and F. H. Snow.
2 KE. L. Berthoud, M. Shaw, Dr. J. Stayman and T. B. Stowett.

SERIES Bs ZONH 11. LAT 35° TO 40° N. 395

(Nos. 68 and 69.) Kansas.— Continued.

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. (ran sos Date.
‘ yrs. mos.
Lecompton, Wm. T. Ellis and others,! 7 1859, 1860, 1861 and 1866.
Le Roy, J. G. Shoemaker, 5 1867 and 1869.
Manhattan, Isaac T. Goodnow and others,? 11 1857 to 1869 inclusive.
Mapleton, 5. O. Himoe, M.D., 6 1857 and 1858.
Moneka, J.O. Wattles & Celestia Wattles, 7 | 1858.
Neosho Falls, B. F. Goss and Mrs. E. W. 5 1859 to 1861 inclusive, 1868 and 1869.
Groesbeck,
Olatha, | W. Beckwith, iL 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Paoli, L. D. Walrad, 8 1869.
Ridgeway, O. H. Brown, 2 1863.
Spring Hill, Rev. J. H. Drummond, 2 | 1859 and 1860.
Topeka, EF. W. Giles, 6 1858.
Western Academy, pcnien6 25s AER OOaHIODOOTES 9 1850 and 1851.
Wyandotte, John H. Millar, 3 | 1860.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE 35) Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, a | influences.
Al s S | Be
5 1 o bac
Place and kind of | Time of the 32 $2 £2] 5] Directionof | *%
observations. year. _ |e AZ Sz Bis resultant. | ‘S a Direction.
7A] as Jug s o5
Ee] siFsiee este
ae || Eee io |
January 267 | 252! 282, 174
February | 230) 13% : 3) 278) 150) 185) 144
March 244) } 169) 182) 175
April 197) 2 6} 157) 222 165
May 188) 1% 39 188} 195) 115
¥ June 96| y | 16 33, 174) 118) 93

July 112) 9) 41| 182] 70| 53
2 August 136 177) 99) - 56)
68. Fort Riley.? September| 162 3 187| 97) 100
October 227 264) 160) 119
November) 261 : | 232] 233) 214
December | 366) 165) 6: g| 292) 322| 170
Spring 629| 48% | 514) 599) 455
Summer | 344) 44: It BNE 4) 533] 287) 202
Autumn 650 0} Be 30} 683) 490) 433
Winter $63) 44 aie 30) 694) 789) 488
TDS SEBS | cco |] coa |} coo |) G00] Geo | ceo HI coo |) S00 |] cco
Spring 1574 |1305)1098)1387| 469
Summer | 800) 96 2: 1333) 491) 462) 642
Autumn |1389| 906 2144|1278| 974)1199| 660
Winter 1784 553)1557|1476)1457) 535
The year |5547/3857/2803) |8629/5473/4039 4505/2306
Spring 197 | 52) 135) 287) 205) 284) ...
Summer 83 j 9} 206) 249) 223) 158) ...
Autumn 127 y 0) 157) 209 207) 210
Winter 117 oy 134, 149, 213 177
The year | ... | ... OANA el eee sles asses
Spring 1771|123: 1976 1592)1303|1671| 469
Molto Summer | 8831064} 990 1652/3297/1582) 714 620) 642

bined Autumn |1516 771 1054/2301/1487|1181)1409) 660
commpmes- || Winter 1901 509 823/1687|1'706|1689|1634) 535
The year |6071/4257|3096 4484/9261|6367/4887|5334 2306

|

67° 22! W.|.
1333 Ee
QWieelliz
W.’ .20+
W.
W.'.C
Wel:
W.| 153
W.| 112
W.| .3:
2 W.).
9 W.) .26
9 W.| .2

=

Surface
wind.

Motion
of clouds.

oes eset

69. Eastern Central Kansas.4

DIA IA IAA At A Tn nial tat
ee :

=

1 Wm. A. McCormick and David G. Bacon.
2 Rev. N. O. Preston, H. L. Denison, Agricultural College, B. F. Mudge and others. ;
3 Beside the regular observations reported from this post to the Surgeon-General, and which are embodied in }
i this table, another series, differing somewhat, appears to have been taken during many months of the years
1 1860 and 1862 to 1866 inclusive, and reported to the Smithsonian Institution. Both the series are embraced
in the table for Eastern Central Kansas. The surface winds and the motion of the clouds are combined in the
table.
4 Observed at Burlingame, Council Grove, Fort Riley, Junction City and Manhattan.
5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

396 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 70 to 73.) Kansas.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

‘Direction of
resultant.

Place and kind of Time of

observations. the year. Direction.

N. E. or be-

tween N. & E.

N. W. or be-

tween N.& W.
variable,

Ratio of resultant to
sum of winds.

Calm or

|

| January 3 ee 4 27 S. 88° 9/ W.].2
Vebruary 2) 1 5 . |N. 86 23 W.).
March 2 5 2 We. [Ss bt 2) Wie
April 5 eel 2 16| ... |S. 17 24 W.|.s
May 4) 6 1 7) 240 (8! (6 AO 0 Wel42
June J 3) 2 13 iS. 30 W.!.
| July 6 5 6| all) rene lsh 54 W.|.
2 August 8 4 7 ~ 8. 7 E.
Loa eet. {| September] 14} 8] 6 9 (0) sass SO MaRN
eavenworth.” 1 | October 16 0 1 9| 25) ... |S. 42 51 W.|-%
| November) 14 i 4 10) \? WATSIRER LS: 31
December| 23] 9 6| 21 4| 12) 24! ... IN. 59 44
Spring 1008) 926 4) 1550 1173 1882) ... |S.
Summer | 592) 898) 2} 2128) 3000) 1098) 469) 865) ... |S.
Autumn {1027 : 1560} 2240) 1022 | 1969] ... |S.
Winter 1242) 839) 4 1357| 1510} 1079} 1066) 2489) ... IN.
| The year /3869 2415) 6595) 8771) 4372| 3226) 7205] ... |S.
Spring |1525| 1657| 874] 2044) 2714] 1948) 1244) 2889)
Ks 3; || Summer | 940] 1287) 1006] 2843) 4129) 2114) 612) 1388)
Bi & {| Autumn 1540) 143: 2079) 3132] 2019) 1015) 2951)
z Ze || Winter [1941 394] 1804] 2239] 2164) 1474) 3693)
Gi | The year |5946| 5790) 3298] 8770)12214) 8245) 4345|10921|
tS 3 {| Spring 140 116] 135] 509} 481) 458) ...
5 ag Summer 101) 1 120) 206) 594) 461} 295) ... |S. ;
= ‘2 )/| Autumn | 146) 13% 3} «6126] 488) 427) 362) 393] ... |S
$ se [ Winter 204 3 157| 164} 399) 455) 416) ...
a S The years | ... +5 et x4 in Es sas
S Pe Spring 1665 is 2160} 2849} 2457) 1725) 3347)
EB 2 Summer |1041 2 2963} 4335} 2708} 1073) 1683)
‘a oe 1) Autumn {1686 0} 800] 2205] 3340) 2446] 1377| 3344!
= 3 || Winter (2145) 1678] 778] 1961] 2403] 2563) 1929) 4108
™~ 3 (| The year 6537] 6566] 3639] 9289)12907|10174| 6104)12489]
(| Spring 646 25| 671) 1000} 757} 390) 1144)
3 Summer 382 3} 401] 1040} 1505] 1127) 192) 4603)
e € 3 | Autumn 356] 217} 642) 1089] 746} 320) 845 : 4
a BE || Winter | 465] 236] 554| 729) 722) 405] 1207 : A
a [| The years | .. ee ee il ketal ereyel'® ccrousl wecce Se
Gi y f| Spring 2} 149} 31) 124) 203) 271! 170 N. 59 W.|.
ie 2g [| Summer 36] 233) 74) 208! 362) 384) 145 . 8. ; .
E 32 {| Autumn 32; 100] 26) 123) 156) 269) 152 N. N. 39 W.]. :
3 => || Winter 48 99} 17] 48]/ 418] 160] 87 N. 8 N. 23° Ee :
= < [| The yeas | ... Re Uepetsh ee Cee | Lo soa epee 8. ; :
: Bie f| Spring 2 474| 702) 1124} 960] 661] 1314 Ss. N. 23 W.
a) zB 2 | | Summer 634} 1114] 1713] 1489) 576] 548) 675)S. S. 24 E. |.
> 1|Autumn | ¢ 3} 317] 668] 1212} 902] 589} 997| -637/S. N. 45 W.|. :
(BE Theseus ( 335| 571) 777] 840| 565) 1294 N. | N. 21 W.]. /
= +e maa 5 con oe oa eae = me IS.
a 2 4 8 (| Spring 27} 24) 46; 24} 29) 80}... IN. N. 3 W.
‘aque | os || Summer 9 15| 44) 185 Ab 2 ee is. S18 Skea ’
ZS S23 ay Autumn 14) 24) 107) 26; 41] 59] ... |s. N. 36 W.|. ;
=o .02/ 58 || Winter | 35) 15] 18] 22 2} 32! 0} ... |S. N. 42 W.|.
SR Asan Risa Lee ee IN ea || fal ee cell Sesee dese || ies IS.
Regs [ Spring 270) 253) 553) 326] 1308] ... |N. N..-4. Wek :
s2S~ |g || Summer 48) 126) 740) 22 80} 140) ... |S. 8.14 FE. }. .
20H) ga {| Autumn : 32} 45) 94! 6 3] 197) 524 IN. N. 20 W.|. .
be a ia | | Winter 2 42) 111 2) 130) 512 N. N. 28. Wiis
Beal | hereto PS el eR sesh cerah ines |e oe : ‘
SaSa Be | Spri 9 99 9 >
eis ae Bea | | SPER RE -29/10.00/20.54/12.02 4)11.24'16 35
BS, | so & || Summer 2} 5.83] 3.20) 2.86] 4.00 3-81| 6.36
Sess 23 | Autumn 6.85) 6. 3.21) 3.92) 5.77 4.80) 8.71
3 5 5 lene Winter (8.86) 7. 2.33) 5.05) 5.70 4,06 12.80

' Separate months for the first four years only.

* Observed at Atchison, Cayuga, Fort Leavenworth, Leavenworth City, Lecompton, Ridgeway, Holton, Topeka,
Western Academy and Wyandotte.

8 Observed at Avon, Burlington, Celesteville, Council City, Gardner, Lawrence, Le Roy, Mapleton, Moneka, Neosko
Falls, Olatha, Paola and Spring Hill. ;

4 For note, see next page.

5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SUR PIOHI Sept 20 OUN Baul yeas (Sion AO) =40i2 IN’ 397

(Nos. 74 to 76.) Kansas.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DigFeRENY PoInTs OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Place of Time of the

Direction of
observation. year.

resultant,

or be-

Direction.

tween N.& E.
to sum of winds.

N. E. or be-

= |S. B. or be-
= | tweenS. & E.

W. or be-
tween S.& W.
tween N.& W.
Ratio of resultant

eek?!)
WeMorier)

Ss.
N. W.

January 2 95
February 22| 183)
March 171

|

204) 186
162) 124
| 154) 125
April 30) 171 5| 267) 120| 8
May 167) 12 Bi) 174) 117
June 138 52) 369) 159} 79
July 178 y 263) 66
August 187 - E 35) 203) 73}
September 153 0 212) 76
October 123 Z 6) 216) 168)
November) 165 30) 209] 172) 147
December | 2: 81 JA) 2 202) 181)
Spring 508) 509) 364) ¢ 448) 326

|
| Summer | ; 503 396 625} 218)
L
a |

rah cea

14° 56/ E. |
17 12 B. |.25
48 24

81 33

19 58
3 48
4
59
38
11
4
44
18
24
48

Autumn | 462) 441) 2) 97) 696) 600) 391)
Winter | 682) 359) 2: 5] 595! 568) 491
The year 1961/1812 346/3006/2241 1426
Spring Tae 34| 178) 60) 25
Summer 49 90} 262) 117) 12
Autumn | 82 96) 223) 115 5

|

Winter | 71 28) 226] 117) 30

75.
} Baxter Springs.!

ING GEER! cco |] eos [Poca [fe ce0 Poe |) ca | ces
Spring | 6 580 391) 956) 508) 351
Summer j4| 567) 433) 502/1240 797) 233|
Autumn 36] 537| 302) 425) 936) 755) 400
Winter 5| 441) 263) 326) 827) 716) 537
Wn) SEBS |) coo |) don |) co Hh cap |] coo IP dao HI soon

caine n
Kansas.?

iA ATA Tn AT TA th ta th wh

1 Observed at Baxter Springs, Crawfordsville and Fort Scott.
2 Surface winds and motion of clouds combined.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

t= Note to No. 73, Smithsonian Stations, page 396.
4 rom this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn.| Winter. | ‘lhe year,

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour ° Be 4.12 6.28 7.13 7.56
Velocity i in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the force oi
average velocity . 86 BOE 3 : 1.36
} True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from
every point of the compass each their own average feo
as shown in the table above
| Excess of the latter over the former .

(Nos. 77 to 79.) Arkansas, north of latitude 35°.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. length of
time,

yrs. mos.
Bentonville Paul Graham
? ’

Buckhorn, Armistead Younger, 0
Fort Smith, Post Surgeon, 14

1859, 1860 and 1861.

1859.

1840 to 1858 inclusive, except 1841 and 1851.
1859.

| June, 1860.

1859 and 1860.

1860 and 1861.

1856 and 1859 to 1861 inclusive.

1859 and 1860.

Gainesville, James T. Davies,

Green Grove, Robert Burris,

Jacksonport, G. A. Martin,

Mountain Home, | J. 8. Howard,

Perryville, W. H. Blackwell & H. F. Hardy,
Yellville, J. W. Weast & W. B. Flippin,

SOrROreH NOW @®

398 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 77 to 79.) Arkansas.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of
resultant.

Place and kind of | Time of the

observations. year. Direction.

E. or be-
to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

| N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
tween 8S. & E.
W. or be-
tween S.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W
Calm or

+3
a
Cy
A

S.
Ss.

ra
o
=I

January 36, 351 |
February 2 28) 280 \ 99am
March | 3} 373 | 189) 155
| April 369
| May ( 22! 430
| June j | 424 Bit Lsly/
| July 5 | 428) 134) 2 149
| August 479 2) 180] 182
77. Fort Smith. { | September | 158) 506 88) 156
October 38) 507] 127) 128) 181
November j 382 2) 131
December | | 360) 87} 168
Spring 318] 386/1172 | 625] 463]
Summer 29 1331) 377) 488
| Autumn 97,1395) 370) 458) 468
Winter i 991| 308] 332) 462)
heryear oleae aleeee eaeitlleeee
Spring 1238 5) 638
Summer c 1390) 470 575
Autumn | 52 21448) 464) 6 576
Winter j 1049| 380 604)1122
WU EVEN ces oll cao. |) coo. |l/a0.||| “ase || con |)) coo
Spring 5 6 32) 15
Summer 18} 13 41) 43
Autumn 4 5} 8} 43) asi) ay
Wiuter 6 7| 49) 47
PHOFY.CANS) || sachs |(tesed]iiccous| Mise al) keene eteecta| ieeus
Spring 1243) 449) 991) 670) 857
Summer be 24/1408) 4831256) 616) 519)
Autumn ; 8811456) 507, 688) 609) 695
Winter | 586)1055| 387) 537) 653\1169 61
The year |1979/2046|5162/1826/3472|2548/3240) 40
Spring : 27| 67) 28) 47 )) - 79
Summer 3] «6S | 62) 80) 85. 19
Autumn By 30 16 Pe catl . 87
Winter g 58 2:
The year? 64
Spring 74
Summer G7
Autumn 82
Winter 29
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
| Winter
The year?

a
ont
or co

43° 49 E.
50 E.
89

- 18

62

22,

40
80 3:
- AT
46
36
64
50
69
54
17
37
78

&

4aaaqhaheradsdenanrrns

ia

—__—

8
at
es
5
=
Be

Motion

78. Northwestern Arkansas.!

DARARARARA DIARRA Ta tn

The two
combined. of clouds.

Surface
wind

Motion

combined. of clouds.

44443

79. Northeastern Arkansas.?

434
Zann ann

NANA AA DMM tn nA

The two

—s OO SO eee OO Soo sea

1 Observed at Bentonville, Fort Smith, Perryville, and Yellsville.
2 Observed at Buckhorn, Gainesville, Green Grove, Jacksonport, and Mountain Home.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 80 to 89.) Missouri, south of latitude 40°.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
length

Place of observation. By whom observed. otine

Date.

yrs. mos.

Allenton, Augustus Fendler, 1 1864, 1866 and 1868.
Augusta, Conrad Mallinckrodt, 0 4 1859.
Bolivar, James A. Race, 2 0 1859, 1860, 1861, 1868 and 1869.
Booneville, Norris Sutherland, 2 0 1859, 1860 and 1861.
1 3 1856 and 1857.

Cape Girardeau, Rey. James Knoud,

SHRIES B. ZONE 11. LAT. 35° TO 40° N. 399
(Nos. 80 to 89.) Missouri.— Continued.
Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. pene Date.
yrs. mos
Carrollton, John Campbell and others,!|. 1 10 1859 and 1860.
Cassville, M. L. Wyrick, i 1@) 1859, 1860 and 1861.
Dundee, 5. 8. Bailey, Wath 1859, 1860 and 1861.
Easton, P. B. Sibley, 1 1864, 1865 and 1866.
Emerson, W. B. Kizer, 0 1859.
Farmington, Nathan P. Force, 0 1859.
Granwich, cod bon do ded oa oagoNg 0 1850 and 1851.
Greenfield, 8. B. Bowles, M.D., 3 1859 to 1862 inclusive.
Greenville, O. D. Dalton, 0 1859 and 1860.
Hannibal, O. H. P. Lear & E, Duffield, | 1 1854 and 1855.
Harrisonville, John Christian, 10 1859 to 1869 inclusive. e
Hematite, John M. Smith, 1 1868 and 1869.
Hermann, Philip Weber, 1 1859 and 1860.
Hermitage, Miss Belle Moore, 2 1867, 1868 and 1869.
Hornersville, W. H. Horner, 1 1859, 1860 and 1861.
Jefferson Barracks,| Post Surgeon, 28 1827 to 1830, 1832 to 1835 and 1841 to 1862, all

Jefferson City,
Keytesville,
Laborville,
Lexington,
Oregon,
Palmyra,
Paris,
Rhineland,
Richmond,
Rockport,
Rolla,

St. Joseph,
St. Louis,

St. Louis Arsenal,

Nicolas D. Wyl,

Charles Veatch,

William Muir, ;
Joseph A. Wilson & others,?
William Kaucher,

G. P. Comings,

W. EF. Maxey,

Charles Vogel,

R. W. Finley,

C. Q. Chandler, M.D.,
Homer Ruggles,

Edward B. Neely,

Dr. G. Engelmann & others,
Post Surgeon,

bo

1867, 1868 and 1869.
1869.

1863 and 1864.

1859, 1860 and 1861.
1867, 1868 and 1869.
1856 and 1857.

1859 and 1860.

1859 and 1860.
1856.

1868 and 1869.

1857, 1858 and 1869.

a
PPR ROWR BROMUS OTP BNW OTMHONWHO WAND MWMOaao

1859 to 1862 inclusive.

oo PEE SCOHrPWHNHEHOSCONPDHNPNWooLND

[inclusive.

1854 to 1869 inclusive. (More than one series.)
1843 to 1856 inclusive.

Springfield, J. A. Stephens, 1857 and 1858.
Stockton, William Wells, 1859 and 1860.
Toronto, B. D. Dodson, 1 1859 and 1860.
Tuscumbia, William M. Lumpkin, 1859.
Union, Dr. W. & Miss Belle Moore, | 1866 and 1867.
Warrensburg, Rev. J. E. Pollock, 1868 and 1869.
Warrenton, Marion F. Hamaker and 1859 to 1863 inclusive.
Mary A. Tidswell,
Waynesville, B. G. Lingow, 4 1859.
Westport, Rey. N. Scearritt, 6 1850 and 1851.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE A,
Dirrerent Pornts or THE COMPASS. Eg |
5.4 |
a g 5 AE Be
Place and kind of. | Time of the o2 os 83 83 g | Direction of | $3
observations, year. ars aa a5 Se Giza resultant. =|
g 2a og) ¢ |oa) os lea | ee on
2 AS! 2 las] 8 |ES| 8 Fs las fe
2 |25| Alwe| a lae| 2 lae!~
(| Spring 781| 606, 408] 630) 836) 627) 333) 997 155) N. 46° 26/ W. |.05
8g || Summer | 710] 695) 636/1307|1774/1044| 273) 512) 394|S. 19 65 BE. |.27
s = 8 4/ Autumn | 882 635) 323] 841)1153) 657) 299) 876) 383.5. 3 34 W.|.042
3 a = | | Winter 846) 585| 345) 486| 762} 740) 293)1171| 244|N. 49 45 W.|.13
So Ul] Dheyear® |... |... |... |) = |e. |. | =. | -- | --- |S: 14 43 W.|.044
mis 4 {| Spring 281 180) 142) 143) 211) 262) 322) 379) ... |N. 66 10 W. |.23
ae gy | | Summer | 230 143] 168) 248) 559) 455) 369) 272) ... |S. 39 28 W.|.28
a2 4284} Autumn | 249 119) 79) 149) 316) 258) 344) 306) ... |S. 83 28 W. |.265
5.4 |S 2 || Winter 191) 126) 74) 78) 138) 269) 317) 382) ... |N. 73 23 W.).37
ia S (Lf Dine Sears | sco cca || cco |} So || cee |} ceo IP geo | cco || cco ES BY UB Wie [ez
= Bre ()| Spring 1062 786) 550| 773|1047| 889) 655/1376| 155)N. 58 37 W.|.10
v Bo Summer | 940| 838] 804)1555)2333)1499, 642) 784) 394/S. 5 39 HE. |.25 |
= naa Autumn 1131) 754) 402 990 1469) 915| 643)1182) 383)S. 57 12 W. |.073|
= || Winter [1037] 711) 419] 564) 900)1009| 610)1553) 244)N. 60 16 W.).18
UP $ l TNS FEEE || cco |P cco |] goa HY cco Picea |] ceo |] oe . |... |S. 62 7 W.|.08

Monsoon
influences.
| Direction.
g
3
&
N. 19}°R. iil
5S. 20 E. |.22
8. 26 W.}.02
N. 42 W.|.16
|
| N. 10 W.}.09
8. 25 E. 233
8. 514 E. |.0
N. 35 W.|.152

1S. J. Huffaker and D. J. Kirby.

2 Geo. W. Wilson, Jr., and P.

S. Wilson.

8 A. Wislizenus, M.D., Augustus Fendler, J. H. Lunemann, Rev. P. W. Koning, Rey. I’. H. Stuntebeck, and

Rey. I. Straetmans.

4 Observed at Carrollton, Easton, Granwich, Harrisonville, Jefferson City, Keytesville, Lexington, Oregon,
Richmond, Rockport, St. Joseph, Tuscumbia, Warrensburg, and Westport.
5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

400 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 81 to 83.) Missouri.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ga influences.
: . £3
a J = use| ae
Place and | Time of the 23 be Ee Ee ¢| Direction of | £3
kind of year. Se Lae ae9 be |ni| ‘Tesultant. | ¢ | Direction
observations. : 5m | Bie on og |E4 Sie :
S$ ilag|¢elas| £2 leh! € les lee Ss 3
aera leeciallerase le ee IP Ol Zeiss zs 6
| 4 |45) A} ab] ma | ae | & | ae |S ce 2
— = |S a 7 ai al eal ;
' ‘| Spring | 308 168] 117| 267) 674| 644) 334] 272l274/S. 38°33/ w.|.29
=, | Sa Summer 132| 194) 224) 588) 896) 767/ 279] 176/531/S. 6 36 W.|-39
‘6 | 3 J | Autumn 298) 150) 138} 285) 526) 577| 237| 290/595/S. 37 32 W.|.213}
8 Ee | Winter 421} 185) 119) 275| 622) 591) 368) 3444268. 53 5 W.|.22
tal enema cc || eee lV sce coe |) cos |) orl) Eas lh Gade l| Ss Bll yl ia"
a 4 {| Spring 19} 15) 10) 11) 90; 83] 99} 18] .../S. 51 13 W.].53 IS. 52° w.|.17
@ | 22 || Summer 25] 11) 24, 13) 58; 29) 55) 12] ...|S. 42 50 W.|.28 IN. 762, |.10
$488 )| Autumn | 23; 23) 24) 37| 74) 57/ 64] 28 ...)S. 35 19 W.).294's, B40 E, [11
2 |S. || Winter 37), 15) 20) 21) 64) 80) 90) 47) ...|S. 67 54 W.|-39 IN. 43 W.|.12
os ° The year? | .. oo | ca ono ae eee tee «. | ./S. 50 41 W.)|.363
=| od (| Spring 327) 183) 127) 278) 764) 727) 433) 290274/S. 40 41 W.|.31)'S. 88) W.|.05
ale a | Summer 157) 205) 248) 601} 954) 796) 334) 1ssi531/S. 8 0 W.|.38 |S. 32 E. |.17 |
. | 31) Autumn 321) 173) 162) 322) 600] 634) 301} 318595/S. 37 15 W.|.22 |N.11 E. |.053f
& | £ & | | Winter 458) 200) 139) 296) 686; 671) 458) 391/426/S. 55 31 W.|.231/N.28 W.|.11
Ls SU Bltepyears cars|) ie lesa eet iee=te|) eeet | uae eel ees Ses OO NTI IND a)
2 (44 (| Spring 2 3) 16 "i 8 7) 34) 11! ...|S. 75 46 W.|.198
Fi © S | | Summer 1 HUE waltz alatis) 29 37 25 29! ...1S. 27 14 BE. |.293
2 |S 4| Autumn 2| 46) O|— 86 1) 90 0} 64) .../S. 18 48 W.|.136
Sa, | $2 || Winter OQ) aah a) ns 0} «36 0} 26] .../S. 78 1 W.}.209]
sas | ea (| @benyears |) Co eses |Peceeal| mies |eese eset eee ures Meee Se Sey ON Te]
22 (| Spring 37) 36) 133; 77; 168) 94) 342) 113) ...|S. 65 56 W.|.218/S. 66 W.|.04
=. |S a | | Summer 4) 108) 115) 415) 253] 318] 194) 206) .../S. 8 56 W.|.278|/S. 3015, |.24
$24 5c 4| Autumn 14} 278) 0) 319} 2) 469) | 582! ...|N. 78 55 W.|.160.N. 1 W 1.10
dei > |e BI | | Winter GER all a) 0) 134 0} 163) ...|N. 83 32 W./-295.N. 50 W.|.16
eae ey (RL cea IP acre || coo encce tll Woon Ween (esol Ge |) SollstaGike 1 Wal ii)
2s cea }| Spring — [18.50/12.00/8.31/11.00 21.00/13.43/10.06/10.27
5 |3 || Summer | 4.00] 3.48/6.76) 3.67| 8.72] 8-59| 7.76] 7.10)
a P 2) Autumn | 7.00} 6.04 0] 3.171) 2.00) 5.21 0} 9.09]
oi ies | Winter 0| 2.75/ 0| 3.85} 0] 3.72 ol 6.27
wo aa A E aa - xa} S
f January 247) 215) 155) 402) 425) 178) 157 447
February | 198/ 155) 133, 380) 312) 252° 175] 420
March 197] 191] 239) 418} 374| 197] 262) 465
April 126} 240) 227] 384| 361] 188| 227] 331]
May 165) 189] 278) 448) 386] 257| 315) 281
June 119) 122] 233] 511! 481) 352) 337| 223
July 165) 251) 164) 430) 488) 382) 277) 240)
83. August 125} 239) 212} 425) 384) 241) 274) 286)
Jefferson September) 159] 240) 161] 498) 294) 238! 321) 323
Barracks. | | October 144) 181) 138} 431) 273) 272) 416) 412)
November} 189} 168] 205| 314) 306] 245! 347| 447
December} 291) 182) 191) 368) 292) 202) 241! 455
Spring 488) 620) 744) 1250) 1121} 642) 804) 1077) ...|S. 3 28 E. |-112
Summer 409) 612) 609) 1366) 1353) 975| 888} 749, ...IS. 3 28 W.|.234
Autumn 492) 589) 504) 1243) 873) 755) 1084) 1182) ...|S. 50 23 W.|.122
Winter 736] 552) 479/ 1150, 1029) 632| 573) 1322, .../S. 50 3 W.|.054
(| The year | 2125) 2373/2336 5009 4376] 3004) 3349) 4330 .../S. 17 8 W.|.12
| |

' Observed at Bolivar, Cassville, Greenfield, Hermitage, Springfield, Stockton, Toronto, Waynesville and
Wet-au-Glaize.

2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. Summer./ Autumn. | Winter. | The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour ; : . | 11.24 5.72 5.76 4,30 6.75
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . : ; F 5 “ ; : 3 2.22 1.68 78 90 97
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the ‘
Several points of the compass each their own average velocity,

as shown in the table above . A : ; ‘ 3 : 2.45 1.59 92 1.27 -61
Excess of the latter over the former. : 4 : . +.23 —.09 +.14 +.37 —.36

5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ee ee

4

rao

SOIR ICIS IS) 5 AAO IN TB ha AMS oy MO) AIO Nie 401

(Nos. 84 to 87.) Missouri.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM TH Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

a] |
2
on
rel

Direction of
resultant.

Place and Time of
kind of the year.
observations.

Direction.

or be-

Wi.

N. E or be-
tween N.& E.
y
N.
tween N.&W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

we
|

| January 8} 130) 1: 08} 168 | 224
| February 22 127 é 109 95} 201
| March 32| 138 j 143 210
April 3] 40 } 183 | Leg
May 134 SS) ee 35) 180 | 155
June 2 150 ) 221 | 128
July 96| 143 é d j 219 126
84. August } J41 ( 3] 182 32) 118
St. Lowis September 140 ¢ 184 113
Arsenal. October 2: 105 j : 4; 190 173
November} 2: 128 j é 4} 186 3 193
December lp) 8} 164 189
Spring 3] 413 : ‘ j 506 3| 491
Summer A8 434) 63: 5 622 669) 372
Autumn 5 373 560 | 747) 479
Winter i] 372 | 374 441 891} 614
The year | 2458) 1592] 2103) y 383] 2129 | 3060) 1956
Spring 1098} 1070) 1329) 184 805| 1220 | 1708) 1675
Summer 944) 1095) 1288) ¢ 1652 1180
Autumn 1198) 993) 1072) 345} 1398 2) 1757
Winter 1493) 965) 917) 160 5 1167 586| 2037
The year | 4733) 4123) 4606) 708 Z 5437 E 6649
Spring 37 37 32 : 72 E 107
Summer 48) 49) 46) : 55 | BS)
Autumn 34 31 48 83 Bien g.)
Winter 31 A] 4] | 94 2) 101
The year 300 ood 200 000 me 2p Do C00
Spring 627) 638) 492 é 1673 1979
Summer 707| 440) 282 608 ¢ 689
Autumn 517| 341) 446 37} 1026 43) 1272
Winter 462) 620) 518 } 53} 1471 1614
The year’ 000 ona oon 060 ox0 ed 200 060
Spring 16.95)17.24,15 37/14. 2° 23,24 )23.81)18.50
Summer (14.73) 8.98) 6.13) 7. -67/11.05 -36)/11-68
Autumn (/15.21/11.00) 9.29) 9. .95)12.36 -80/13.25
Winter 14.90/15 .12)12.33) 9. ~85/15.65 |19.87)15.98
Spring 21683] 2346] 2455) 35203) 3469] 26884| 34982, 3393
Summer 1901} 2626) 2590) 3753 37| 3539 | 2835) 2258
Autumn 2168] 2008) 1990) 3308 2923 | 3409) 3357
Winter 24154! 2011 1674| 322: 3) 2689 |34492| 3944
The year | 8653) 8991 §709|138044 13583)/118394)/13192 12952
Spring 2592) 168 139?) 1602 | 3982) 952 | 1559) 792
Summer 307) 201) 171) 156 | 298) 729 | 1248) 677
Autumn 181) 130) 104 100 |) 215) 590) 881) 460
Winter 167) 1092) 95) 111 204) 434 | 8962) 545
The year’ te one 3595 Pe aan ee cee one
| Spring 2428) 2514) 25942) 3681 | 38672) 36402 | 50572) 4185
Summer | 2208) 2827) 2761) 3909 | 4265) 4268 | 4083) 2935
Autumn 2349] 2138] 2094) 3408 | 3289] 3513 4290) 3817
Winter 25822) 21202) 1769) 3334 | 3277) 3123 | 4346) 4489
The year 20 con con ae on 000 ae oon

52° 15/ W.|.
W.).113
3 W.|-094
W.|.
W.|.
W.|.0
W.!.
W.|.
W.
W.|.
W.|.:
w.|.
W.|.3:

No. of No. of ob-

miles.

servations.

w.l.
|W.

W.!.

12 I Wt IAT EO CCC Cn Cn Ut

86. Surface winds at St. Louis
in the years 1854, °55, 756 & °57.1

miles p.h’r.

Surface M’n vel. in

winds.

87. Eastern Missouri.2

iM
Wen wm

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. .| Winter. |The year,

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : é : 19.17 10.85 2. 7.09 14.59

Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds from }
every point of the compass move with the foregoing average velocity 6.44 5 4 2.14 4.06

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several
points of the compass each their own average velocity, as shown in
the table above : 6 : 4 2 0 5 : : Hue : 2.93 6.27

Excess of the latter over the former . 5 6 : 5 5 : 2. é d +,79 | +2.21
\

2 Observed at Allenton, Augusta, Boonville, Dundee, Emerson, Hannibal, Hematite, Hermann, Jefferson Barracks,
Laborville, Palmyra, Paris, Rhineland, St. Louis, St. Louis Arsenal, Union and Warrenton,
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

51 March, 1875,

4()2 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 88 and 89.) Missouri.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT PQ] NTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of

Kind of Time of
resultant.

observations. the year. Direction,

tween N. & E.

S. E. or be-

tween 8, & E.

S. W. or be-

tween §.& W.

N. W. or be-

tween N.& W.
variable.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

N. E, or be-
Calm or

=
~
bo

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year? | ...
Spring
Summer | |
Autumn é 3] 534) 509) 392
Winter 9) 246 2) ¢ é 186
The year? | ... : tos. || coop thao 208

Spring

Summer

Autumn
| Winter

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year? | ...
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year? |
| Spring
Summer
Autumn 23) 1é 8 9) 42° 33) 397)
Winter a Bt me mt 341) 332)
Wag Eye |eeran ||, oak je coe \lceo) |) doc |) can|}) ass) ||) oo

87° 47! W.|.
3 W.|.

2 W.!.
W.|

and 1857.!
we

No. of No. of ob-

miles servat’ns
mig Ta aa cA ca oa co

ae

5 bo

Twp

Surface winds at Cape

88.
Girardeau, in the years 1856

Ve
Mean vel.
in miles
per hour.

Surface
wind

Pb bt

of clouds.

Southeastern Missouri.?
ow!

BRO aus -

AT TA TATA TA TA TA tA TT
x

=
1S

=
MM

i
_
a
mM
Baas

89.
combined.

2preceding Motion

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. |Summer. | Autumn,| Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 5 20 4.65 5.52 || 4.80
f Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 1.07 -56 03 23
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average veloouy

as shown in the table above . : : S 5 2 2.16 -92 -58 43
Excess of the latter over the former . 5 é ¢ A - |+1.09 +.36 +.25 +.20

2 Observed at Benton, Cape Girardeau, Farmington, Greenville, Hornersville and Rolla.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 90 and 91.) Southwestern Illinois.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
length of

time. Date.

Place of observation. By whom observed.

: 10 1854 to 1858 inclusive.
1860, 1861 and 1862.
1856, 1857, 1858 and 1859.
1864 and 1865.

1861 and 1862.

18455 to 1869 inclusive.
1861 to 1864 inclusive.
1849.

Athens, Joel Hall,
Belleville, N. T. Baker & John J. Patrick, |

Brighton, William V. Eldridge,
Centralia, H. A. Schauber,
Dongola, Ralph E. Meeker,
Dubois, William C. Spencer,
Highland, A. F. Bandelier, Jr.,
Holt’s Prairie, suobsnacnioooeayinnsocc

CWRCONNHE

SERIES B. ZONE 11. LAT 35° 1O 40° N. 403

(Nos. 90 and 91.) Southwestern PES aN Zeb
Wegresate
Place of observation. By whom observed. Honan of Date.
yrs. mos.
eae ore Rev. Z. K. Hawley & others! | 2 11 1835 and 1858 to 1862 inclusive, except 1860.
erseyville, contin cad Doo ocpand ec 0 1 1860.
Lebanon, Prof. N. E. Cobleigh, 2 3 1859 to 1862 inelusive.
Loamuni, Timothy Dudley, 2 9 ' 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
Manchester, John Grant and others,? 13 7 1854 to 1869 inclusive, except 1859.
Murraysville, Sa08 0 9 1865.
Pana, Thomas Finley, _ 0 ul 1869.
Piasa Farms, William VY. Eldridge, 7) AN) 1856, 1857, 1858 and 1859.
Quincy, Rey. G. B. Giddings, 0 4 1850.
South Pass, Frank Baker and others,3 2 5 1857, 1858 and 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
Springfield, Geo. W. Brinkerhoff, 5 0 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
Upper Alton, P. P. Brown and others,! 45 Vi 1843, 1854 to 1857 inclusive, 1861, 1863 & 1864.
Waterloo, H. Kunster, 2 7 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
Waverly, Timothy Dudley, 3 6 1862 to 1865 inclusive.
! RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
4 DIFFERENT Pornts oF THE COMPASS. re influences.
— £8
A Ss as E | ae
i Kind of Time of o3 be 23 Be | é Direction | 2%
observations. the year. nie aa Bp Be | W3 of resultant. | F Direction.
2 Oe ea 4 Sell os bea |ee og 3
e|G8| 2 |as| s |Pe| 3 Fs ae ze E |
Z|zs| a las] a lais| lee |S i &
A (ees Spring 140) 345) 94) 337] 270) 420) 309) 536 S. 84° 5/ W.|.167| N. 52° E. | .09 §
patie: og [ Summer | 162) 244) 49) 309) 376] 703) 331) 480 S. 60 8 W.|.313| S. 22 W.| .09
Se ‘os {| Autumn 176] 264) 82) 371) 412) 597| 350) 539) ... |S. 60 27 W.|.254| S. 114 E. | .05
ae as Wiuter 206) 226] 88| 313) 276) 462) 441) 690| ... |N. 87 50 W.|.287| N. 32 W.| .09 |
g26| ao [ TNE) SPCR |} on | cone iia |facas |] esos the eco |e) ceo Sb 1S 2 Wye ;
aes Spring 807)1932} 439/1536)/1632/2937 2233 3255) +. |S. 85 5 W.|.250) N. 374 E. | .08
gag Sa Summer 614) 944) 163)1002)2046/3738)1625/2101) ... |S. 58 2 W.|.404| S. 20 W.| .14
pase a Autumn 884/1049] 230)1460)2527/3035/2226/3355| ... |S. 70 12 W.|.339) S. 31 W.| .04
aS = | Winter 1511/1101) 573)1639/2231|2468)2545 4393) N. 86 57 W.|.294| N. 4 E. | .10
Be = The year ob oe a Bos 5. 76 5 W.|.308
2 as das! Spring 5. al 604.6 67/4.56/6.04)6.99/7.23'6.07
a2 | 62 é || Summer |3.79|3.87|3.33|3.24|5.44|5.3214.91/4.38
Tai el Bice Autumn /|5.02/3.97/2.80/3.94/6.13]5.08)6.36 6.22
to 388} ) Winter 7.33/4.87|6-51/5.24/8.08/5.34'5.77/6.37
for)
( (| Spring 1232/1643) 826/1832)1843)/2176)1811/2990| 405|/S. 85 34 W.|.15
roe Sod Summer /|1285}/1679| 639)2107)/2447|/3541/1496/2153) 839)S. 42 2 W.|.20
a pa € 2 Autumn 1088/1247} 541/1989|2222 2763/1830/2818] 669/S. 61 12 W.|.203
°° Be Winter —[1152}1183) 625)1986)2028/2384/2556/3357 459/S. 78 36 W.|.24
ons TNS HOE |] boo} eee |} c50. I} G00. |} co 00 |} cea |} coo} cee HS GB 40 Wve LY)
22 s Spring 534) 495) 356) 535) 659/1370)1794)1541| ... |S. 89 11 W.|.38 | N. 1 W.| .04
BS as Summer | 654) 573) 345) 583) 929/1817/1901)1520) ... |S. 80 59 W.|.374) 5S. 29 E. | .02
aS Bo Autumn | 491} 402) 262) 502) 795)1372)1610/1325| ... |S. 81 8 W.|.39 |S. 21 W.} .02
coe ss Winter 457) 370) 322) 532) 692 1055/1784)1143) 8S. 83 7 W.|.374| 5. 44 E. | .01 9
Se rs) The year’ | ... bs 200 |] 09 |} on0- |! 60. |} cco. |[Sin EB} BH Wo} obs
mS So ff sions 1766 2138 1182 2367) 2502'3546)/3605|4531| 405/58. 87 40 W.|.224) N. 18 E. | .06
ae 32 | Summer 1939 2252 984/2690/3376 5358)3397/3673) 839)8. 61 1 W.|.25 |S. 27 E. | .06 |
.2 opel Autumn 1579/1649) 805 2491)3017/4135/3440)/4143) 669/8. 69 59 W.).27 |S. 22 W.| .03 f
re £3 [ Winter |1609/1553) 947/2518)2720 3439/4340/4500| 459)S8. 80 20 W.|.28 | N. 55 W.| .04
BS [Lie yea cee Poco ccs cc | co Pee fcc Es | ceo ISL PS Ss yr ies
' Prof. William Coffin and Timothy Dudley. . 2 Miss Ellen Grant and C. W. Grant.

3§. C. Spaulding and H. C. Freeman.
4 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. |Summer,/ Autumn. | Winter, |The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 5 6.03 4.58 5.27 6.09 5.49
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the vompass move with the foregoing |
average velocity . oC 0 5 2 c 5 a || soil 1.43 1.34 1.75 1.36
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the |
several points of the compass each their own pe reco |
as shown in the table above . 5 : 6 o 1.51 1.8
Excess of the latter over the former . ; C c : - | 1.90 +.4

bo ot

5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

404

(Nos. 92

and 93.)

Observed as follows:—

Place of observa

tion.

By whom observed.

WINDS OF

Southeastern Illinois.

Aggregate
length
of time.

THE GLOBE.

Date.

mos,

Albion, Edgar P. thomson 0 2 1857.
Brockville, 0 6 1862.
Decatur, Timothy Dudley, 0 3 1869.
Effingham, W. Thompson, 0 4 1869.
Golconda, Rev. Wm. V. Eldridge, 4 0 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
Hazel Dell, Henry Griffing, 2 6 1863, 1864 and 1865.
Hoylton, J. Ellsworth and O. J. Marsh, 1 2 1864, 1865 and 1866.
Louisville, D. H. Chase, @) iki 1869.
Mattoon, W. E. Henry, 0 5 1869.
Olney, Rey. H. A. Brickenstein, 0 3 1860.
Paris, C. Leving, 0 2 1868.
Ridge Farm, B. C. Williams, 0 7 1868.
Shawneetown, Mr. Roe, 0 2 1843.
West Salem, Henry A. Titze, 4 8 1856 to 1860 inclusive.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
| DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 43 influences,
arg |
A A As es Fig
Kind of Time of the 23 oa 33 23 g | Direction of | 25
observations. year. ne tae Bal be | eo resultant. ae Direction,
q aics el cest a or! 33 7a Se on o
zZ125| A [me] no | we | EF | as lo | 5
= {4 4 (| Spring 72| 45) 38! 43 95| 50; 46) 139 N. 62°30! W.|.145| N. 6° W.1.17
oo [os Summer 37| 31| 20| 28) 125] 47 30, 35 S. 15 33 W.|.177\ 8. 46 E. }.09
6a ss! Autumn 24| 26) 13). 44) 104 62 62) 48 S. 36 59 W.|.240 5S. 23 W.).09
Bes | 5 || Winter 27| 24) 17) 41 90} 35 47 59 S. 41 35 W.}|.182 8. 16 W.|.03
ses |AIM I as ll ee || cog || cba |) cee || os se | x S. 45 37 W.|-155
a (| Spring 627| 258) 147) 360) 936) 524) 527) 1568 N. 75 54 W.|-253 N. 73 W.|.23
ie 32 | Summer | 229) 86] 36) 112) 840) 465) 263 184 §. 33 24 W.|.287, 8. 36 E. |.09
Ee ais {| Autumn 115) 159) 51) 322) 751; 872) 584 563 S. 51 14 W.)|.325! 8. 47 W.).05
o>|A44 || Winter 107) 88) 68) 241) 1006) 357) 408, 436 5S. 35 5 W.|.341'8. 9 E. |.12
£8 {ll Mthelyear®s|\\osnil) eee ulaeee Pt 8 as S. 55 5 W.|.267}
balfs | Spring |8.71/5.73/3.87|8-37| 9.85/10.48/11.46/11.28
Bal rabies Summer [6.19 2.77/1.80/4.00) 6.72) 9.89) 8-77) 5.26
(aS 3 is a Autumn /4.79 6.12)3.92/7.32) 7.22/14.06) 9.42,11.73
iG [Ss | Winter (3.96/3.67/4.00)5.88/11.18)10.20) 8.68) 7-39
| Be ait Spring 404) 389) 260] 381) 600) 672) 599) 714) 339)/S. 78 17 W.|.18
2 i | | Summer | 303) 362) 222) 452] 772) 1015) 620) 404) 648)/S. 40 29 W.|.262
2 S84 | Autumn | 377) 259) 178) 455) 727) 759) 683) 695) 369/S. 62 34 W. .26 |
= 8 ae Winter 226) 200| 120) 301) 439) 457) 574) 657) 258/S. 80 51 W./.28 |
nS Mey @ayei|\eecere||ie<seeiliecen | er oe 44 ate ks 8. 64 51 W.|.233)
3s a {| Spring 63) 31) 37) 30} 134) 390) 938) 194) ... |S. 80 40 W.|.71 | West |.06
she 8 || Summer | 131 72| 56} 87} 226) 359) 1031) 23 S. 81 30 W.|-59 | N. 59 E. |.07
p aa $ © 4) Autumn 84) 39) 44 77| 141) 359) 920) 172 S. 79 32 W.|.65 | N. 793 E. }.COZ
oe |S || Winter 45| 25) 20) 48) 56) 292) 536 88 S. 76 49 W.|.68 | 8. 18 W.}.05
32 © [| The year? | ... | cee | ase | oes 335 oo 695 spit || fae) |S .JO meso ODe
eo | 2.3 (| Spring 467| 420) 297) 411) 734) 1062) 1537; 908] 339|S. 79 46 W.|.334 N.14 E. |.042
fo | 2 || Summer | 434) 434! 278) 539) 998] 1374) 1651) 641) 648/S. 61 16 W.|.344' S. 26 E. |.07
<P | 8:54] Autumn | 461) 298} 222) 532) 868) 1118) 1603) 867) 3691S. 72 10 W.|.364' S. 31 W.}.02
a ze | | Winter 271) 225) 140) 349) 495 749} 1110) 745) 258)S. 79 1 W.|.38 | N.53 W.).05
& [eo L| The year? | ... ol acces lt et elhinlesss 8. 72 57 W.|.352 |
1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. | Winter. The year.
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 9.37 6.27 8.92 7.97 8.13
{ Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds |
from every point of the HOP move with the foregoing
average velocity 1.36 vsti 2.14 1.45 1.26
True velocity i in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own aVaERBS veg
as shown in the table above . é R 2.37 | 1.80 2.90 2.72 2.17
Excess of the latter over the former : ¢ : +1.01 +.69 +.76 {41.27 +.91

2? Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

/

SERGE SB) Z) ON Hees UAC Soo INO) 402 IN: 405

(Nos. 94 and 95.) Western Tennessee.
Observed as follows :—

; Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. length of
time.

Dover, B. F. Tavel, 5 1850.

Friendship, Dr. Robert T. Carter, 1855

La Grange, J. R. Blake, 1859. |
Memphis, R. Harris and others,! 1854, 1859 to 1861, and 1867 to 1869, all inclusive. }
Mount Atlas, Mr. Travis, 1845, 1844 and 1845.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Kind of Time of the
observations, year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction,

or be-
to sum of winds.

variable,

i.
tween S. & E,

| IN. E. or be-
tween N. & FE.
S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Oalm or
Ratio of resultant

js.

Spring P § | 10: 159
Summer 183
Autumn i g 43
Winter 2 j 47
Mh Skye ans | erecta ereea | peeeceal| eel lireseua (Wiese
Spring Z : 1002
Summer Z Z 3) 522)
Autumn | S| 130
Winter 14) 66 2) | 377
The year? 4 ee
Spring
Summer
Autumn 3.0212
Winter | 5 338.02
Spring 26) i] 31) 459
Summer 2 394
Autumn 27 | 20: j 3} 196
Winter | 2 202) 268)
lvehyie arab seep enya lee el lance Pee lect cleats
Spring 2 69} 380) 219)
Summer 2 21) 125
Autumn | 3 53
Winter i 2: 2) 108
Nae) WEES | cos | cco || G05 I} 00 ||) 036] Gao |! cco sco | 0
Spring 2) 205 5| 375) 261) 678] 266) 409 201
| Summer 9} 189} | 29) 519) 201] 265 211
Autumn 30) 213] 9 | 249] 95) 237| 92)
Winter | 190) 9: 36] 214) 376] 216) 299115
IPTG) SEES I AA obs Ih ecce leonde | Ineoc, (lnede: || sepals] i sonscn eee

55°28! W. |. 2¢
65 37 W.|.:
6 18 E.
31 40 W.}.2
50 58 W.|.20
27 40 W.}.35
75 52 W.
58 42 W.
67 26 W.|.356
69 47 W.|-30

os
SI
3S

No. of ob-
servations.

1855.2

————

No. of
miles,

TAT TA A TA th wh oe th th

16.30|6.33|

Stations in the years 1854 and

per hour.
CONN LS

o-oo SF St SF eo Fo ears OS Os nF ee St

in miles

a
oO
&
a
fo}
n
re
a
| 2
nD
»
fos
m
oS
a
i
oo
Oo
ds
~
te
H
sti
lor)

Mean vel.

43 W.!.
35 W.|.2
1 W.|}.
2 52 W.|.115
44 W.|.1:
22 W.|.
26 W.}.
21 W.!.<
25 W.|.6
49 W.|.46
59 W.|.2
40 W.|.24:
55 W.|.05
10 W.|.
11 W. |}.

Surface
winds

servations at all stations.
—

95. Aggregate number of ob-
EGBA PNGE ID PRIA PTR NED 72, OP

combined. of clouds.

—

2preceding Motion

1 W. J. Tuck, M.D., Dr. Daniel F. Wright, R. W. Mitchell, M.D., and Edward Goldsmith.
2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

| < it i
Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. er. |The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . * 3.12
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the CONDOS move with the foregoing
average velocity 2 ‘ : . : E : 1.16
| True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
~several points of the compass each their own average pees
as shown in the table above . ° :
Excess of the latter over the former.

* Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

406 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 96 and 97.) Western Kentucky.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. Aeneth Date.

Bowling Green, J. E. Younglove & F. C. Herrick, 2 1852 and 1855 to 1859 inclusive.
Clinton, Rev. T. H. Cleland, 1868 and 1869.
Hardensburg, Mrs. Mary A. Walker and J. C. 1859, 1860 and 1861.

| Barbage,
New Concord, Mr. Williams, June, 1845.
Paducah, Andrew Mattison, 1859 to 1862 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences,

Direction of
resultant.

Kind of Time of the

observations. year. Direction.

oO.
HD
°

aR:
ais)
be

alm or
to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-

tween N.& E.

S. W. or be-

tween 8S. & W.

N. W. or be-

tween N. & W.
| C

ior}

7 . 37° 39/ W.).2
20 3 soalfisb) ich \iYei/3

5.56

at Bowling Green in
the autumn of 1855.1

nn.
os
=|
By
E
®
SS)
Bx
-
=}
n
ye)
o

Spring 361) 218)
| Summer i 80} 444) 119
, Autumn : 69) 343) 129
| Winter 8 23) 256) 405) 167
DUNG aCe ape sep ll fess HN cee Pode. |} ccan |) ee
| Spring g 28) 180) 93)
Summer 5 5) 58) 58
Autumn 48| 50} 121| 108)
| Winter y 24| 14) 147) 61)
UNA AEN oes ull) ce] ct |) doo. lll esa (|) toa |) ot
Spring 3 116} 107 315) 541) 311
Summer y t 59) 134 185) 502) 177
Autumn 7) 86) 169 319) 464) 237
Winter 111} 147| 270) 552) 228)
AN a ek [Ions | cee |peces. || saul a5 | case | edo

Ath Th Tn a i awa th th wh tn

vations at all stations.

97. Aggregate number of obser-

SeASSE RS CASESSS

2 preceding Motion of

combined.

' From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour
| Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds from every point "of tlie compass
move with the foregoing average velocity
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds fro om the several points of the compass each
their own average velocity, as shown in the table above : . .
Excess of the latter over the former

2 comea aoe the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 98 and 99.) Southwestern Indiana.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate |
Place of observation. By whom observed. Pe dae Date.
yrs. mos.)
Bloomingdale, Wm. H. & Miss M. A. Hobbs,| 0 | 1864 and 1865.
Bloomington, Prof. ©. M. Dodd & others,'| 1 9 1868 and 1869.
Cannelton, Hamilton Smith, Jr., 3 1 1857 to 1861 inclusive.
Evansville, John F. Crisp, 1 7 1857 and 1858.
Greencastle, Mr. Downey and others,? 3 2 18428, 1849, 1851, 1854 and 1859 to 1862 inclusive.
Harveysburg, Mrs. Dr. B. C. Williams, OW E10) 1869.
Merom, Thomas Holmes, 3 1 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
New Harmony, John Chappelsmith, 16 0 1854 to 1869 inclusive.
Patoka, A. P. Turner, 0 2 1859.
Rockville, H. H. Anderson and J. W. 1 9 1859 to 1861 inclusive, 1863 and 1864.
Tenbrock,
1 T. H. Mallow and others. 2 Prof. Joseph Tingley and Wm. H. Larrabee.

SIR IRINBGS 15 ZAM II Hite IEPA BHO WO LIS aN, 407

(Nos. 98 and 99.) Southwestern Indiana.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant,

Kind of Time of
observations. the year.

or be-

Direction,

to sum of winds,

E. or be-

ES. or be-
tween 8. & E.

W. or he-
tween 8. & W.
tween N. & W.

variable.

Ratio of resultant

N. Ww.
Calm or

Ss.

| N.

bo] t & E.

Re tween N.& E
)

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year? } ... | .. Boe [fe Baa Heeconl| meres Mince tomes
Spring : 3} 639) 654) 7491720
Summer 28) 368} 975] 508) 434)
Autumn 2: 389) 354) 351] 399
Winter 2 457) 521) 415) 561
Wage S7QO08 |] cca |] cep || a0 | Goo Ih ade |) oss

Spring .42)5. .18)7.96)6-95/9 .08)6.40/8.91
Summer |6,20)3.11)2. -80/5.58/7.01/8. 61\4. 47
Autumn -42)2. r .37)/4.58)4.32/4. 745.12
Winter |4.72/2.47/4.54/3.98|5.38/9.83/8.47/5.72

Spring : 1223/1044) 968 1639
Summer 432) 4: 1150)1347|1009 1103
Autumn ; 339) 977)1193)1071| 865 1358
Winter 354) 42 3/1148)1218)1142 1635
The year? | ... 900 500 gg.) | 8 606 oda Seal |bkese
Spring . 2| 49g 145) 451) 605) 371
Summer ( 3} 60) 141) 378) 576) 252
Autumn 143) 329] 443) 270 ...
| Winter 114) 301} 347) 171) ...
WMG) FETE |) coe’ |] S00 I) co0 | oN 0 I coe |] con! | obo |
Spring 9) 52 1368)1495)1573 2010
Summer y 367 1291)1725|1585 1355
Autumn 4) 3 2,1336)1400)1308 1628
Winter 1026 1262/1519|1489)1806
Weg) EBLE |] cos |} con |] ace |] 000" |} con. |) -c00° | ona |] oa

92) 72) 117
66] 139) 59
85| 82) 74
85) 53) 49

. 70°24 W. ie

<2)
|
a
boo

No. of ob-
servations.

[ tbo
a

No. of

miles.
ate
wast @D

ee ae ae

1856 and 1857.}

a ee

98. Surface winds at Smithsonian
Stations in the year 1854, 1855,

Mean vel.
in miles
per hour.

Ne

i)
on
a:
:
a3
ne

vations at all stations.
Rea .
RANI D NH AM NP tn TA tn mM

99. Aggregate number of obser-
combined. of clouds.

2preceding Motion

—

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer.| Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 0 4.59 5.95 7.26 5.85
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity : . . f 5 5
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . 0 5 0 6 :
Excess of the latter over the former. 0 0 ¢ 6

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 100 and 101.) Southeastern Indiana.
Observed as follows, viz. :—

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. length of Date.

1849 and 1850.

1859 and 1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1843.

1860 to 1853 inclusive.

1868.

1860, 1861 and 1862.

1843.

1843, 1864, 1865, 1867, 1868 and 1869.
1868 and 1869.

1858, 1864, 1865 and 1866.

Alnoma, ended oogoec nengsa t60
Aurora, George Sutton, M.D.,
Brookville, Mr. Hayward,

Cadiz, William Dawson,
Carthage, Charles M. Hobbs,
Green Mound, nc s03e66
Greensburg, Mr. Lathe op,
Indianapolis, J. Wheeler and others,!
Knightstown, D. Deem,

Madison, C. Barnes and others,?

0
5
0
2
0
2
0
3
1
1

SCNawnhhakRo

H

' Royal Mayhew, W. W. Butterfield, Mrs. Butterfield and W. J. Elstun.
2 Rev. Samuel Collins and Oliver Mulvey.

408 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 100 and 101.) Southeastern Indiana.— Continued.

Aggregate
4} Place of observation. By whom observed. tame. of Date.
yrs. mos. |
Milton, . V. Kersey, 2 0 1854 and 1855.
Mount Carmel, a A. Applegate & daughter,| 0 7 1869.
New Albany, C. Barnes and others! | 4 3 1856, 1857, 1859, 1863, 1864, 1865, 1867 & 1869. §
Newcastle, Prof. Jos. Tingley and Thos.| 2 1 1863, 1864 and 1865.
B. Redding.
Newport, Daniel H. Roberts, 0 1 1853.
Richmond, W. W. Austin and others,? | 10 6 1854 to 1868 inclusive, except 1855 and 1864
# Shelbyville, J. T. Bullock, 3 3 1859 to 1862 inclusive.
Spiceland, William Dawson, 6 8 1863 to 1869 inclusive.
Vevay, Charles G. Boerner, 5 3 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Walnut Hills, W. W. Austin, 0 5 1849 and 1850.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. eo influences.
= = : eq
A ia As i Be
Kind of Time of 3 $8 25 53 g | Directionof | 3%
observations. the year, te ale mee Bp || 2 resultant. « ¢ | Direction. i
4 | oe Sa bases [hereuth meter ieee ag g
=e |as| 2 jes) 2 ES] & | Fe les JE2 5
my | Fe) le || om ore | Eee iio me | =
| =
| Lou Spring 89} 187) 42) 145, 68 334) 194 | 217 8. 84° 2/W.}.189| N. 33°W.).03
a los f Summer 36] 131) 19) 62) 41 267) 123 128] ... |S. 77 33 W.|.189| N. E. |.01 {
i a 6% 4 | Autumn 61| 114) 25) 88) 69 209) 119 132) ... |S. 77 5 W.|.161| N. 62 E. |.03 4
ieee eo Winter 52| 72) 35) 83) 67 230) 157 100) ... |S. 64 59 W.|.252)S. 35 W.|.07 |
0 | 28 || The yeart| ... |... |. | | -.. resales See De OMNVAl|)1 ob!
aie Spring 864} 930) 160) 639) 322 2256 1720 | 1667 S. 84 8 W.|.297| N. 68 W.).02
‘ are « ¢ || Summer | 214) 441) 47) 195) 211 | 1259) 667 725 S. 82 44 W.].253) N. 83 E. |.03
oo. 4 © £4) Autumn 274| 597) 76) 284355 .5) 1053 767.5| 848 S. 89 47 W.|.205| N. 62 E. |.08 4
Peso | A Winter 280] 293) 131) 335) 292 | 1503)1188 781) ... |S. 76 5 W.|.353) 8. 52 W.|.08
Be {|e He iby, cats | se eel est ares ees vo [ ae | ae | |S. 85 47 W.|.280 p
25/241] spring |9.71/4.97/3.814.41/4.74 | 6.75] 8.87) 7.68 ;
52 )/34,{| Summer [5.94/3.37/2.473.15)5.15 | 4.72) 5.42 5.66 ‘
me) eet) Autumn (4.49/5.24/3.043.23/5.15 | 5.04| 6.4 | 6.42
: Ss S35) Winter |5.38/4.07/3.17.4.04/4.36 | 6.53) 7.57) 7.81
i f (| Spring 758|1792| 785 1098] 999 | 2911) 1689 2296/1067|S. 85 50 W.|.015 :
ma 2a || Summer | 864/1888) 678 921) 819 | 3728) 1512 1558/1702/8. 72 42 W.|.20 .
fa | SE 4 | Autumn | 729/1478) 515 1107/1012 | 3394) 1454 2145)1367/8. 73 23 W.|.24 f
: cus BE || Winter 566)1277| 631/1184)1006 | 3245) 1960) 2297) 898/58. 73 25 W. |.28 =
BE | The year |2917|/6435 2609 4310/3836 |13278) 6615 8296/5034)8. 75 51 W.|.223 :
f gm | a {| Spring 199} 418) 123, 216) 254 | 1569) 1506) 1129) ... |S. 85 31 W.|.524) 8S. 733 EB. |.04
ea | 283 || Summer | 259) 356) 98 129) 135 | 1386) 1527) 1025 N. 89 24 W.|.57 | N. 11 W.|.04 y
o. 4804 | Autumn | 177) 246) 79 145) 202 | 1390) 1251; 921 8. 83 34 W.|.575| 8. 22 W.!.03
3 S ° | | Winter 125) 242) 94) 177) 181 | 1163) 1390) 981 S. 85 59 W.|.58 |S. 70 W.}.02
eh eeeCal Ul uprCpecenesil| atl, Sell eeuclleece Il cos Le ay Sey Se sr aber walies
ws ssa ff Spring 957/2210) 908 1314/1253 | 4480) 3195 3425/1067/8. 85 40 W.|.29 | N. 323 E. ).03% WJ
<5] e2 || Summer [1123/2244 7761050) 954 | 5114 3039 2583/1702)S. 81 47 W.|.2 N. 69 E, |.02 \
-o Bos {| Autumn 906/1724| 594 1252/1214 | 4784) 2705 30661367|/S. 77 55 W.|.32 |S. 173 W.|.02
S”~ | 44g || Winter 691/1519) 725 1361/1187 | 4408) 3350) 3228/ 898|S. 78 30 W.|.385 |S. 63 W.).04 d
™ (8 || The year |3677|7697 3003 4977/4608 |18786 12289 12302/5034/S. 80 51 W.|.31 p
| |
1 Drs. Alex. Martin and E. S. Gross
2 Joseph Moore, John Haines, Edward B. Rambo and John Valentine.
5 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :— :
Spring. |Summer. | Autumn. Winter. | The year. 7
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour. 6.71 4.66 5.21 | 6.03 5.65 .
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds | |
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing | |
average velocity ; 5 1.27 88 84 | 1.52 1a
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the |
several points of the compass each their own average aie |
as shown in the table above . 4 A 5 F 1.99 1.18 1.0 | 2.13 1.58
Excess of the latter over the former. * ; : 5 . | +.72 +.30 + .23 +.61 +47

4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 11.

(Nos. 102 to 104.)
Observed as follows :—

I ALM

BHO WO Zao IN,

Middle Tennessee.

409

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. Jength of Date.
ime.
yrs. mos
Austin, S. K. Jennings & P. B. Calhoun,, 1 11 1861, 1868 and 1869.
Chatanooga, Dr. G. H. Blaker, 0 iL 1864.
Clarkesville, Prof. W. M. Stewart, 16 7 1852, 1854, 1855, 1856 and 1858 to 1869 in-
Fayetteville, Dr. W. W. MeNulty, 1 0 1850. [clusive. |
Franklin, Joseph M. Parker, M.D., 0 6
Glenwood, cco cen cds ceo oghcoBceo seponc cs (See Clarkesville.)
Lebanon, A. P. Stewart & B. C. Jilson, 1 1 1852, 1854 and 1855.
Lookout Mountain,) H. F. Williams & Rev. C. F. P.| 3 7 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
Bancroft.
Nashville, Prof. James Hamilton, 6 0 1839 to 1844 inclusive.
University Place, | Charles R. Barney, 1 4 1859, 1860 and 1861.
Winchester, S. W. Houghton, 0 7 1859.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE 45 Monsoon
| DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ga influences.
; 5 5 moe
A Fi E 3 oe
Place and Time of the 32 O38 sr) £2 | Direction of | &S
kind of year. iA i771 Ae 4 resultant. OE Direction.
observations. i C= : Og a OF “é Of on a fl
Bese | eee es | ee | 8 | Fs Ee 5 |
eS TS ees || a Salle | pa I
January | .108 | .429 | .231 | .709 | .146 | 1.212 | .844 | .241 ls 39° 41’ W.|.30
February | .354 | .591 | .173 | .669 | .072 | 1.080 | .911 | .249 |S. 65 22 W.|.22
March -312 | .805 | .172 | .349 | .080 | 1.425 | .618 | .239 |S. 70 35 W.|.21
April -153 | .478 | .136 | .403 | .114 | 1.662 | .771 | .286 |S. 57 38 W.|.41
May 207 | .597 | .197 | .242 | .078 | 1.865 | .656 | .158 |S. 57 29 W.|.383
102. June O61 | .539 | .218 | .276 | .021 | 2.343 | .477 | .065 ‘s. 45 1 W.|.49
Nashville. July 186 | .700 | .282 | .396 | .069 | 1.704 | .430 | .105 |S. 39 18 W.).27
August 156 | -567 | .567 | .485 | .069 | 1.612 | .449 | .097 |S. 20 31 W.|.25
September] .380 | .633 | .523 | .299 | .054 | 1.711 | .309 | .091 |S. 34 30 W.}.18
October -024 | .622 | .142 | .369 | .070 | 1.331 | .836 | .196 |S. 81 13 W.|.27 F
November] .220 | .593 | .193 | .527 | .118 | 1.150} .753 | .340 |S. 62 42 W.|.23 H
December | .143 | .412 | .253 | .297 | .057 | 1.676 | .622 | .395 |S. 60 59 W.|.393 H
Aa 2 Spring 153 | 134 | 48 | 102 | 192 145 79 | 144 8. 76 0 W.}.058| N. 21° E. | .06 §
is | Oe Summer 63 | 101 37 82 | 140 207 | 110 80 |S. 43 42 W.}.194|S. 37 W.) .09¢
ee ahs Autumn 83 | 101 48 | 132 | 143 118 64 94 |S. 0 40 W.).091/ S. 74 E. | .08§
ae SE Winter 151 99 27 | 144 p 223 146 81 | 252 |S. 80 3 W.|.133| N. 49 W.| .06 |
‘2 |4a [|The year? | ... | ..- on om oo eee -. |S. 50 16 W.|.105
BS Spring 754 | 650 | 160 | 419 (1436 | 1174 | 477 |1322 |S. 72 40 W.|.178| N. 14) E. | .04§
BO |sa Summer | 178 | 328 94 | 212 | 450 716 | 371 | 288 5. 50 51 W.)|.221|S8. 12 E. | .04f
Sap és Autumn | 298 | 341 | 110 | 489 | 542 642 | 266 | 710 S. 60 12 W,|.127| N. 65 E. | .08§
Boe |so4 Winter 494 | 306 66 | 894 |1983 | 1293 | 548 |2456 S. 64 39 W.|.281| S. 76 W.| .08
ae {| The year? | ... | ... ocd || vaca ll cero) Seco hose Il ose SUS Gy Re
8 0
a Be Spring 4.93 |4.85 |3.33 |4.11 |7.48 | 8-10 |6.04 |9.18 |
58/4 4,|| Summer |2.83 [3.25 |2.54 2.59 |3.21 | 3.46 |3.37 |3.60 |
ae FB [| Autumn 3.59 [3.38 (2.29 /3.70 [3.79 | 5.44 [4.16 (7.55
oS | As inter : De B 6.7 75 |
Sa laa) Winter 3.27 |3.09 |2.44 |6-21 |8.89 | 8.86 |6.77 (9.75
1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Spring. | Summer. | Autumn.| Winter. | The year.
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 6.41 3.22 4.34 | 17.16 5.28
Velocity i in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds |
from every point of the compass move with the fore OnE |
average velocity .o7 -62 -39 | 95 -55
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from |
every point of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above 0 : 5 5 . 1.14 71 -55 2.01 1.10
Excess of the latter over the former . 6 17 | 4+--09 | ---16 |-F1.06 | --.55

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

52 March, 1875.

410 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Middle Tennessee.— Continued.

(

No. 104.)

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

|

Direction of
resultant,

Time of
the year.

Kind of

observations. Direction.

oO.
nm
°

to sum of winds.

—

Surface
wind.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

| The year

1

a
3
3
°
=

a
Ls}
3
ic}
=
°
_
I)
3
2
a
=
|
S)
cs)

a
a
=
el
eS
=
n
=
es
2
oe
=
6
3
3]
>
Ss
©
n

2
©
al
i)
Lol
eo
2
8
5
r=)
@®
ig
os
an
o
a
i'd)
a0
<x
xi
S
ec

2 preceding

—

|12703
873
1821
13223
5287
122
1744
122
1384

13923
10474
|1943
1461
5844

N. E. orbe-_ |,
tween N. & E.

25834
25164

25274| 1326

2051
96782

> A
AS
2
ES
4/1698
18254
20532
3/2562

4766 (8139

160
319
1654
109 |

2743} 9123/1755

28354 1765
2693 1396

2160 10123)2658

10432 5086

28 |

57

1193

1174
96

19454
2171

85294

14214
1149
1195
1282

50474

251
178}

2133)

2574

16724
13274
14084
15394
5948

6050
72034
52924
5083
23629
849
7894
7714
883
6899
7993
6064
5966
26922

variable,

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.

Calm or

2534417854) 599
| 2037 | 9623 1243
257331740 | 982
3047421542 358
101924) 66423 3182

Ratio of resultant

59° 36/ W.|.
4 W.|.

31 W.|.
W.|.

1663
1336

13553) 5014

39703/23353| 599

3700

4403
15983

1436 |

39094

550 | ...
340 | ...
Jali | ele

13023|1243
2157 | 982
2656 | 358
8451 |3182

DAA Mt

|

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 105 to 107.)
Observed as follows, viz. :—

Northern and Central Kentucky.

Place of observation.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

Date.

Arcadia,
Ballardsville,
Bardstown,
Beech Fork,
Chilesburg,
Danville,
Lexington

London,
Louisville,
Newport,

Newport Barracks,
Nicholasville,
Nolin,

St. Mary’s College,
Springdale,
Taylorsville.

Shriver Howard and others,

Dr. John Swain,

J. H. Lunemann & T. H. Miles,

Dr. C. D. Case,

Dr. Samuel D. Martin,

O. Beatty and R. H. Caldwell,

Rev. S. R. Williams and N. |
Williams,

W. 5. Doak,

Rev. S. R. Williams & others,!

Prof. M. G. Williams,

Post Surgeon, .

Rev. Jos. McD. Matthews,

J. Grinnell,

Prof. Thebaud,

Mrs. L. Young,

H. C. Mathis.

w

|
=]
a
mt

=
CORPOOCNNOWS SCOPROW Wr:

=
wWwWOSOONOS

py

e

Pot ROMS

1840, 1841 and 1869.
1854, 1855, 1856, 1860
1858 and 1859.

1860.

1865 to 1869 inclusive.
1843, 1854 to 1869 inelusive, except 1860,
1859 and 1869. [1863 and 1864,

and 1861.

1865 and 1866.

1843, 1858, 1861, 1862 and 1869.

1861.

1847 to 1859 inclusive.

1861, 1862 and 1863.

1858.

1843 and 1844.

1843 and 1854 to 1869 inclusive, except 1860.
1866.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place of
observation,

if

105.
Newport
Barracks.
Surface wind.

Time of the
year.

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

293
214
216
235
158
167
147
175
271
294
252
244!
609)
489)
817
751

N. E. or be-
tween N.& E,

128

98
113
152
166
110
134
199

146
136
113
106
431)

443

8S. E. or be-
tween S. & E. |

S. W. or be
tween 8. & W. |

W. or be-
variable,

N,
tween N.& W.
Calm or

| 165}

180

| 167
56, 195)

95
67
84
54
89

| 131
35, 183

163
457
205
403
508

Monsoon
influences,

Direction of
resultant.

- 77° 22) W.
. 45 40 W.
TG OLEAV Vis
. 78 51 W.|.
- 68: 16) Wale

18
-3l
22,

Ratio of resultant to
sum of winds.

27
233 |

Direction,

1 Messrs. Fl

eming and

Peter.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 11. LAT. 35° TO 40° N. 411

(Nos. 105 to 107.) MNorthern and Central Kentucky.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Kind of Time of
observations. the year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The years
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
AUR SALT NM “oI c00 I eoe |) coo
Spring 556 2226
Summer 4 1082
Autumn j 1813
Winter j 2844
DNS VTE |] orn H cco HI) coo |! coe
Spring ¥ 5 . .69)7.40
Summer /|3.95/3. -45/2.92)4.26
Autumn . 34/4, -15|5.68
Winter +35/3.88)/3. -36,7.00

Spring 1270
Summer : 9| 978
Autumn d 5 1371 1420
Wiuter 1288! 3269/2186
The year d §83|2720/3226/4907 6523
Spring 101) 101) 206) 1376/1160
Summer 79) 83) 183 1000
Autumn 126] 94) 184 815
Winter 54) 59) 192 1138
TNE ABO || 1009) If e609) I} “coo. |} 006.1) aco 564] cree llssa08
Spring d 940) 937|1476 2800/2142
Summer 595) 802)1161 2277|1412|2
Autumn 794| 947|1555 2235/1904
Winter 1012) 751) 877|1480| 4642/3324|2204
Wane 7B |) cco] ced IPtcad. |] ceo 44] coo o00: |} 650 |} 000

“Hoeool

63° 37/ W. |.3:
W. |.52:
W..|.65

Motion

“coco
3 a
nooo

105.

Newport Barracks.

The two

No. of ob-
servations. combined. of clouds.

eet peaa Zana Bun

miles.

PARRA MMMAMMAMM AA AMA

Stations in 1854, ’55, 756 & ’57.1
Se a RR rN
miles p.h’r.

Surface M’n vel. in No. of
wind.

servations at all stutions.?

——oosssN oe eo ea OOO en es ae ees ees ee

a
as)
A
fo}
nm
a
»~
=|
|
mn
>
Os]
nm
is}
i=]
a
EB
uv
s
et
(=)
mM
Ce)
is
ce
1
Q
[o}
Leal
°
m
o
2
q
=)
A
oe
&
s
i=")
a
z
oo
its)
<q
i
oS
ri

b pW
AN MMI tA

2 preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

! Including Paris and Millersburg.
From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn, | Winter.

|
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 6.08 4.79 5.b4 | 5.73
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 1.73 1.38 1.41
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average Vee
as shown in the table above . 5 5 5 2.1 ile 1s
Excess of the latter over the former 0 : ‘ 6 . | +.4 +. +.i

2 Not including Newport Barracks.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

412

(Nos. 108 and 109.)

WIND

Observed as follows, viz. :—

f Place of observation.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length
of time.

S. OF THE GLOBE.

Southwestern Ohio.

Date.

Bethel,
Chevoit,
Cincinnati,
College Hill,
Columbus,
Dallasburg,
Dayton,

Eaton,
Franklin,
Germantown,
Hillsborough,
Jacksonburgh,
Lafayette,
Lebanon,
Mount Auburn,

New Holland,
North Bend,
Ripley,

Rupell’s Station,

Sharonville,
Springfield,
West Union,
Williamsport,
Yellow Springs,

George W. Crane,

Ebenezer Hannaford,

Mr. Ray and others,!

G. S. Ormsby and others,?

Mr. Kennedy & T. G. Wormley,

F. G. Hill,

Mr. Williams and others,®

Thomas J. Larsh,

W. L. Schenck, M.D.,

L. Groneweg and J. 5. Binkerd,

Rev. J. M. D. Matthews & others,4

J. B. Owsley, M.D.,

Samuel Knoble,

Joseph C. Hatfield,

Senior Class in Mount Auburn
Female pee

R. B. Warder,

J. Ammen and others,®
J. W. Gamble,
William F. Bowen,
Rey. J. H. Herron,
Rev. Wm. Lumsden,
John R. Wilkinson,

W. A. Anthony,

yrs. m
8
1

28

19

a

BPRORWWOHHW—
PERE DNA OND NDE NONAWHHEaANaANWRO

cooooroure oS

-1860 to 1869 inclusive.

1855 and 1856.

1843, 1845 and 1855 to 1869 inclusive.
1854 to 1869 inclusive.

1843, 1845 and 1851.

1859 to 1862 inclusive.

1845, 1850, 1856 and 1858.

1863, 1864 and 1865.

1856 and 1857.

1854 to 1857 inclusive.

1854 to 1859, and 1863 to 1869, both inclusive.
1868 and 1869.

1867.

1843, 1844, 1845, 1858 and 1859.

1868 and 1869.

1869.

1859 to 1863 inclusive, 1868 and 1869.

1857 to 1861, and 1863 to 1869, both inclusive.
1860.

1859 and 1860.

1869.

1861.

1867, 1868 and 1869.

1868.

‘Kind of
observations.

No. of ob-
servations.

M’n vel. in No. of
miles.

Surface winds at Smith-
milesp.h’r.

sonian Stations in the years
1854, 1855, 1856 and 1857.6

108.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Time of
the year.

tween N. & E,
S. E. or be-
tween 8, & E.

2)
2
&
°
ie]
Aa

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

oo
lor}
i=)

275
183} «
160} «
167

bo 0 0
ae
at

1451)3:
657
791
866

5.28 6

3.59
4.94
5.13

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

151) 940

1 Bie

1|
“63
1|
4

981 416 626

7627|4168 5229
4639/1819 2512
5628 2557 3667
7788 4028/5312

Direction

of resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.

Calm or
Y Ratio of resultant

- 85° TW. | .22
59
43
36

9
37
20

6

. 294°R. | .09
. 64 W.| .05
. 49 BE. | .02]
. 21 W.| .05

-12 E. | .08
. 29 -| .03
- 17 EL 2068
. 59 .| 07

MNMNMANDUMA
©
444544455

27

1 Mr. Williams, F. W. Hurtt, Geo. W. Harper, A. A. Warder, R. C. and J. H. Phillips and Eli T. Tappan ;
j several independent sets of observations in different parts of the city.

2 Prof. R. 8. Bosworth, Prof. J. H. Wilson, J. W. Hammitt and L. B. Tuckerman.

3 Cooper Female Seminary, James C. Fischer, M.D., and Lewis Groneweg.

ICSC.

Janes and Dr. C. C.

Samms.

Ses

G. Bamback and Mrs. M. M. Marsh.

6 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

| Spring.

Summer. | Autumn. | Winter. |The year.
|

H Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour
| Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
} from every point of the’ compass moye with the foregoing

average velocity

} True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
} several points of the compass each their own eyonsee Vane
as shown in the table above . 5 : .

i

| Excess of the latter over the former .

. |-+1.09
i

7.21 4.26 5.69 6.97 | 6.03

1.61

2.70

7 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 11. LAT. 35° TO 40° N. 413

(No. 109.) Southwestern Ohio.— Continued.
ET EE
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 42 influences,
—= $8
a er A= A Fle
Kind of Time of ae) og ce) re) g | Direction of | 25
observations. | the year. oy aan Ea be | iS resultant. |«4¢ | Direction.
4 =] fe e} ° oa °
fi |) Del 2 Se eal tee 8 “a a of 3
Slee] e]as| a Ee] BES ae 23 :
Ee fee We as a ae Ss ee a &
A f 3 Spring 1401 2629/1409 2209/1853) 5487) 4620 4287/1804'S. 81° 29/ W.|.264
eo od [ Summer (1643) 2710/1323 1913/1654) 6162) 4068) 34842256/S. 77 59 W. -254
cn | ee Autumn /|1580 2121/1186 2305/2048 5529) 4113 4059 2493/5, 75 58 W.|.264
eg 5 e | ;Winter 1200} 1712)1377) 2279 2007] 6061] 5176 4009/2388)S. 58 '; 9 W.).19
3 G | The year 5824) 9172/5295) 8'706|'7562|23239/17977/15839 8941|S. 76 30 W.).274
ga a Spring 259) 488) 351) 375] 309) 1916) 2993) 1250} ... |S. 84 7 W.|.54 | N. 74° BE. 044
Ba aS Summer 318} 390) 168} 234/ 219 1836) 2894) 1129] ... |S. 85 5 W.j.61 | N. 664 W.|.03
oo Be Autumn 247) 305) 157) 271) 312) 1741) 2781) 1168) ... |S. 84 2 W. -613) N. 87 W.|.03
ue S0 Winter 142) 393) 346) 463) 335) 1856) 3090) 1157] ... |S. 80 13 W.|.56 |S. 39 B. |.04
28 © (|:The year! |... | ... | ... ale se | ce | ee | 2. |S. 83°43) W.|.58
ea BS Spring 1660) 3117|1760) 2584/2162) 7403) 7613) 5537 1804S. 82 30 W.|.33 | N. 29 EH. 023
qap io | Summer |1961) 3100\1491) 2147\1873) 7998] 6962 4613/2256'8. 79 49 W.|.334/ N. 53 E. |.01
. & 3°53 Autumn |1827| 2426/1343) 2576/2360) 7270) 6894 5227/2493/S. 79 8 W.).34 | N. 79 &E. |.01
Ss ae Winter 1342) 2105/1723) 2742/2342) 7917) 8266 5166)2388)S. 74 39 W.|.3 S. 414 W.|.04
re Wes Ss The year |6790)10748)/6317|10049|/8737/30588 29735 /20543 ae 79 12 W.|.344

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 110.) Northeastern Kentucky.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. pene of

_ Marysville, E. L. Berthoud, * 1853.
Millersburg, Revs. J. Miller & G. 8. Savage, 1854 to 1859 inclusive, 1861 and 1862.
Paris, Mr. Lyle and L. G. Ray, 1843 and 1856 to 1859 inclusive.
Pleasant Valley,
Prospect Hill, ‘| O. Beatty, 1850.

“m

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

Direction
Kind of Time of f
observations. the year.

9)
resultant. Direction.

tween S. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween 8. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Spring
Summer - 334
Autumn y 6) 279
Winter j 2 391
WING. 37EEH) |) Goo |] cog. |! son |) cea |] c60 | cco. Ice Ih cee

Spring E 78
Summer 52
Autumn 56
Winter 394) 64
The year! | ... 200 oda I} ose! cee {I one
Spring - /1098) 473
Summer } 386
Autumn 2 c 335
Winter Z ) | 5 : 455
The year! | ... 50 (I) capo || “abe. || cca] [locos | |ecoc | ees

(Sk)
ite}
ot
Ws
ou

PRR nnn Ath tn ta mh A tA

86° 26’ W.|.24:
85 33 W.|.25:
W. |.0¢

} W.|.50:

Surface
wind
bo
Ne)
or

mh tA

Motion

2 a

combined. of clouds.

The two

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

414 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 111 and 112.) Eastern Tennessee.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. length of
time.

. mos.
Elizabethton, Charles H. Lewis, 10 1868 and 1869.

Greenville, 8. 5S. and W. 8S. Doak, 3 1843 and 1866 to 1869 inclusive.

Knoxville, Mr. Garvin and others,! 10 1843, 1845, 1854, 1855, 1856, 1860 and 1869.
Pomona, J. W. Dodge and son, 6 1859, 1860 and 1861.

Walnut Grove, James B. Bean, 7 1856.

Re™ ATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Kind of Time of the
observations. - year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

tween N.& E, |
E. or be-
tween S. & E.
variable.
to sum of winds.

S.E.
Ratio of resultant

tween N.& W.

N. W. or be-
Calm or

N. E. or be-

55
55
37
ol

i)

i
bom Odo

Spring 84
Summer 65)
Autumn 83}
Winter 41
Wher years)|\tac-tullsscaleeretal aces Seton throat. ‘6
Spring 440 167 26| 303) 278
Summer 280) 220 | 315
Autumn 355) 292 y 148} 225] ...
Winter 322 77 | 356) 212) 175] ...
The year a ace ,

Spring 5. 244.7 77/3. : . 23/5 .51/6.78)
Summer |4.31/5.24'4.04/2. 5.58 5.73/3.33)
5
7

79° 53! W. |.
52
2 32

ets

No. of ob-
servations

je)
AAP AD AAR
> b

No. of
miles.

4444442343

an

Surface winds at Smith-

Autumn /4.28/4.17/4. 3 .69/4.72/4.00/5.49)
Winter /|7.85/4.285.50/2. .67/7.12/6.84)7.61

Spring 258] 158 86] 577) 333) 200/432
Summer 150) 147) 326 507, 335) 147/613
Autumn 219) 271 j 451!) 479) 205/527
Winter 190) 160) 611) 436) 201559
Whexyenred| ess (yeep lmeset || eee cee || mene ete :
Spring 5| 212| 170| 91] ...|
Summer 16; 8 27| 249| 206} 49] ...
Autumn y 60| 162) 191) 73) ...
Winter j 307; 248] 55) ...
The kya] \eenets| weet Wasetl ees eee el econ |f aod, |\\ ced" |), cen
Spring 264! 163) | 789} 503] 291|432
Summer 5 ! 756) 541) 196/613
Autumn 246) 2! 4) 124) 613) 670) 278/527
Winter 2 228) 918) 684) 256/559
Lhe xyeare si ecos| esc) iene ||) tose pas |} sgape|| ada {| sosay |} se

o
7
ito
ics)
=
ao)
a
3
ee)
ww
io a)
qo
i
1a
v2)
4
=>
wo
wo
fol

ne
L
f

a
oS
v
>
Co)
as)
~
n
a
°
Be)
Ss
=
n
a
3s
Bi
S
iS)
na

111.

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

Surface
winds

nT TA a oT

112. Aggregate number of ob-
servations at all stations.

RA A aw

2preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

—

1 0. W. Morris, Prof. Geo. Cooke, L. Griswold, T. L. Griswold and Stephen C. Dodge.
2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:—

Spring. |Summer.| Autumn.| Winter. | The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 6.18 : 4.60 7.86 5.85
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity < : «2c 5 72
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass, each their own average et
as shown in the table above . F . . . 0 -56 +65
Excess of the latter over the former . : . . : .

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 11. LAT. 35° TO 40° N. 415

(Nos. 113 to 115.) Southeastern Ohio.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate
} Place of observation. By whom observed. pens en

|
a
=|
fe

1849.

1843.

1854 to 1857, and 1864 to 1867, both inclusive.
1860 and 1861.

1859 and 1860.

1854, 1855, 1857, 1858 and 1859.

1863 to 1867 inclusive.

1843, 1857 and 1858.

1862 and 1863.

1829 to 1855, and 1858 to 1863, both inclusive.
1856 to 1865. inclusive, except 1860.

1856.

1843 to 1845, 1853 to 1857, both inclusive,and 1859.

Athens, Prof. W. W. Mather,
Chilicothe, Messrs. Davis & Williams,
Gallipolis, G. W. Livesay & A. P. Rogers,
Harmar, W. G. Fuller,
Hockingport, Dr. John Rhoades,
Jackson, G. L. Crookham & others,!
Kingston, Prof. John Haywood,
Lancaster, Mr. Kreider and others,?
Little Hocking, James Fraser,

Marietta, S. P. Hildreth and others,3
Portsmouth, James H. Poe and others,4
Scioto, James H. Poe,

Zanesville, Mr. Peters and others,5

pa
AH WOTHMOOSOWORHE Bao

bo
WOAORPrPwRHEWoOO

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

|
|

Direction of

Place and Time of the
resultant.

kind of year.
observations,

Direction.

S. E. or be-

tween S. & E

tween S. & W.

tween N. & W

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
nal, || Sectente
, October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

. 82° 24’ W. |.

cS)

No. of ob-
servations.

AMAn Mina A

ANIA iA in AIA Tr tn Tm ta

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter

Stations in 1854, °65, 56 & 57.6
No. of
miles

wow -

114. Surface winds at Smithsonian

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

1M. Gilmore and 8. B. Wood. 2 Lewis M. Dayton, H. W. Jaeger, W. E. Davis and J. W. Towson.
3 Rev. Israel W. Andrews and D. P. Adams. 4D. B. Cotton, M.D., and Lud. Engelbrecht.

6 L. M. Dayton, Adam Peters and J. G. F. Holston, M.D.

6 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

. | Autumn. | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 6.34

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds from
every point of the compass move with the foregoing average velocity.
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several
points of the compass each their own average velocity, as shown in
the table above. . . . : . :
Excess of the latter over the former . : :

2.02

2.86

7 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

416

(No. 115.)

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Southeastern Ohio.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Kind of
observations.

Time of the
year.

ia
ga
5a
a
Ag
3

Z
665
500
532
559

| Spring

| Summer |
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Surface
winds.

74
115

servations at all stations.
clouds.

115. Aggregate number of ob-

combined.

2preceding Motion of

—-

1214

2288

3/1094
598 2788

2500)

Direction of
resultant.

W. or be-

tween N. & W.
variable.

| 914/1240 8.

696
707
980

| N.

61 28
10 37
> 54
ore 48
341 26
312
307
263

1285
1260

\1224

1255
1008
1014
(1243

2095)
2026)
2667

4444444544445

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

73° 13/ W. |.2:
We-

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

N. 374°.
S. 78} E.
S. 424 W.'.

N. 16} W...
N. 72 E.

S. 82 E. |.
S. 81 W..

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 116 and 117.)

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation. By whom observed.

Aggregate
length
of time.

Date.

Northwestern Virginia,’ south of latitude 40°.

Ashland,
R. Boyers,
Robert B. Bliven,
W. H. Sharp,
Jacob J. Hill,
David L. Ruffner,
James Frazer,
James Frazer,
Enoch D. Johnson,
W. H. Sharp,
Josiah W. Hoff,

Burning Springs,
Grafton,
Huttonsville,
Kanawha,
Mustapha,

New England,
Sisterville,

White Day,

Wirt Court House,

Samuel Couch and Wm.

NOOR rFNOFRS

mos. |

11

i
nOorFoONh

ray
aor

inclusive.
1867 and 1868.
1867 and 1868.
1869.
1856 to 1861 inclusive.
1856 and 1859.
1860 and 1861.
1857.
1868 and 1869.
1856, 1857 and 1858.

1854 to 1858 inclusive, 1860 ae 1865 to 1869

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of
the year.

Kind of
observations,

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.

50
59
160
99

| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year®
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

No. of ob-
servations.

484
452
1223
1000

miles.

| SS pS eS —_—+

No. of

9.68
7.66) B
7.641 9. 95 30.00

jlo. 10) ye 24) OMee

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Stations in 1854, 755, °56 & ’57.3

116. Surface winds at Smithsonian

M’n vel. in
* |miles p-h’r.

529|2668

3/1598

Soman

1682

2230

47
54
9
2

18.18
10.64

Direction of
resultant.

variable,

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

61
36)
17)
44,

23
33
59
54 46
85 53
18 6
69 2
72 58
67 58

53
10
50

265
177)
309
468

Tht TA Th tA TA tA th ch ta

4,34)
4.92)

W.
W.|

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

74°47! W.|.280
W.|.166
W. .079
W. | .206
W./-171
267
145
W.|.066
w.|.
W.).153

199

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

ZARA pam

| The divisions of Virginia were ae before the separation of the State of West Virginia from it, and it is
thought best now to retain them owing to the difficulty of making a change in the recomputations.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

3 Yor note see next page.

SERIES

(No. 117.)

Kind of
observations.

Surface
winds.

117. Aggregate number of ob-
servations at all stations.
; :
of clouds.

|
i
|

2preceding Motion

combined.

Time of
the year.

| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year'

1B, AMG Wits | WANA

35°

tO) 20° WW. 4\7

Northwestern Virginia.— Continued.

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

Monsoon
influences,

Ts. or be-
tween S. & E.

N.

W. or be-
tween N. & W.

Ss.

667
534
343
667

593
738
518
586

1260)

1272|
861

5/1253|

|
620
228
579
593

322
224
188
305
942)
452 1003/8.

767 1005\S.

898 983/S. 7

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

variable.
atio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Calm or

| R

. 71°10! W.|.2
58 W.|.
3 20 W.!.
0 W.|.283
9 W.|.25
40 W.|.
52 W.|.
50 W.|.394
8 W.|.5:
8 W.|.4!
W.|.354
W.!.
W.|
W.|.364
. |S. 73 W. .304

-/.06
-06
1.07
08

(A wh th A

84 W.

. 88 W.!.05
. 554 E. |.08 |
43 KE. |.0634
. 89 W.'.06

784\S.

ZAznZ

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

t= Note from No. 116, page 416.
3 From this table we ebtain the following summary of results :—

Spring |Summer.| Autumn.| Winter. | The year.}

| Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 6 PB || 5 8.72 8.11
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds |
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity 5 3
} True velocity in mean direction, giving to the! winds from the
several points of the compass each their own aueuiee en
as shown in the table above . 6 : 2 6

! Excess of the latter over the former .

1.39

1.24
—.15

(Nos. 118 and 119.)
Observed as follows, viz. :—

Central Virginia.’

Place of observation.

Aggregate
length of

By whom observed. £
time.

Date.

Charlottesville,
Huntersville,
Lewisburg,

Madison Court House,
Meadow Dale,
Montcalm,
Monticello,?

Montview,

Mossy Creek,
Mount Solon,
Rougement,
Staunton,
Stribling’ Springs,

i}

rH
ADMHrNODONWOMONHS

au

C. J. Meriwether and J. R. Abell,
William Skeen,

Thos. Patton & J. W. Stalnaker,
Dr. A. M. Grinnan,

James Slaven,

Chs. J. Meriwether,

President T. Jefferson,

J. R. Abell,

Jedediah Hotchkiss,

James: T. Clarke,

Geo. O. Dickinson,

J. B. Imboden and J. C. Covell,
Jedediah Hotchkiss,

COP BEHERPOCORBRE bg
—

1850, 1851, 1860 and 1861.
1850, 1851, 1852, 1854 and 1856.
1854 to 1859 inclusive.

1851 and 1852.

1859.

ye 1854 and 1855.

“G6, 1859 and 1860.
1856, 1857 and 1858
1867, 1868 and 1869.
1857 to 1861 inelusive.
1849, 1868 and 1869.
1858 and 1859.

53

! See note to Northwestern Virginia.
2 Not used.

March, 1875.

page 416.

418

(Nos. 118 and 119.)

WINDS OF THE

Central Virginia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Time of the
year.

Kind of
} observations.

|
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Tae year?
| Spring
Summer
Autumn

| Winter
The year?

30

2)
19
37

—

No. of ob-
servations.

306

14
133
373

~

miles.

.20
.00)
.00,
.08
364)
253)
448
406

| Spring
| Summer
Autumn
Winter

‘| Spring
Summer
| Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer

| Autumn
Winter

| The year?

Stations in 1854, ’55,’56 & ’57.!

miles p.h’r.

—

Surface M’n vel. in No. of

wind.

120
130
92
80

Motion

combined. of clouds.

484
383
540
486

a ores pe
—— —$—_—, — — oe qe! =

servations at all stations.

2 preceding

|

c=]
3
I
a
z
=
g
n
~
s
n
no}
de
Ee
o
f°
€
5
m
a
i
tal
fs
a
yo
ao
°
m
v
2
a
} 2
a
2
f+
s
eo
o
ue
on
on
<q
oS
qo
al

tween N. & E.
E. or be-
tween 8. & E.

N. E. or be-
Ss.

16)

at
25
73

|

o
bo
ot
>Re CO

27
64
100

772
135)
336
1115)

ob
lor

73

102

32
281
427

133
122
| 253
396
ve |e |
12-45 6-00 7.00
5.005.89 5-81
5.25 5-004.52
11.15 5.60)5.42
476) 226) 217
228) 159) 201
488] 136] 256
564 274

6.37
6.40
11.24
5-85
644
655
407
722
237
139
109
315

105
83
89

139

206

86
179
163)

881
794
516
1037

682) 332, 322
314| 225) 284
667) 203) 345 g
727) 254| 413 1920

1 Including Salem in Southern Virginia.
From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

1263)
3513

917.51
8.88
3/10.79
315.97

1288
680
711

| 1166

1005
908
621
845)

2293)
1588)
1332
2011

! Calm or

|

tween N.& W.
variable.

N. W. or be-

10-77
11.87
605
229
Ag8
685

233
421
220
123

|

374
160
202]...
| 364] ...
233
421
220

979
389
690
1049

Bene aie

PRT AA A Ah th

123}

GLOBE.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

22/ W.|.460
52 W.|.302
13 W.|.326
26 W.|.373
36 W.).363
48 W.|.554|
39 W.|.413] S.
58 W.|.494| §
46 W.|.514

3 W.).504

87e
78
82
81
84
84
78
87
. 86
89

Serine Summer. | Autumn.

Winter.

# Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

f Velocity in mean direction, on

the supposition that the winds

from every point of the pegs move with the foregoing

average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the

several points of the compass
as shown in the table above .

Excess of the latter over the former dj 6

winds from the
each their own average velocity.

. .

Py ateisa

14.08

6.48

7.80

7.09 11.13

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 120.)

Southern Virginia.

Observed as follows, viz. :—

Place of observation.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

Date.

Christianburg,

Fork Union,

Hill Grove,

Lexington,

Longwood,

Lynchburg (near),

Prince Edward’s Court House,
Salem,

Snowville,

Wytheville,

William C. Hagan,
Silas B. Jones,

Wm. K. Park & W. H. Ruffner,
Thomas J. Wickline,

Chs. J. Meriwether,
Prof. F, J. Nuttaner,
J. Carson Wells,

| J. W. Stalnaker,

W. D. Roedel,

yrs.
0
il
0

3

CWONmDWNeRoO

1856 and 1851.

1859, 1860 and 1861
1860.

1861 and 1869.

1857.

1866 to 1869 inclusive.
1850 and 1852.

1867, 1868 and 1869.
1860 and 1861.

SERIES B.

(No. 120.)

Kind of

observations. year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Surface
wind.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

i,
—

Motion

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

120. Aggregate number of ob-
servations at all stations.

2 preceding
combined. of clouds

_—

Time of the

The year!

The year!

The year!

ZONE 11. LAT. 3

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

5° TO 40° N.

419

Southern Virginia.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.
. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
N. W. or be-

S)

95} 243) 444
66| 191) 365
109} 146) 243
95| 234) 323

177)
157|
129}
169)
185
| 173
106
| 118

29
39
34
24

45| 4°77
62) 34)
55| 45
73) 14

222
219
184
249,

629
538
349
44]

272
230)
180
258

142
100
154
109

tween N. & W.

302) 403
158
308
409
140
48
126] ...
145] ...
442
206
434
554

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of ‘winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or

. 18°44) W.|.!
36 38 W.|.274
W.|.224
Wl.
W.t.
W.|.

4 W.|.4
W.|.5:
W.|.573
W.|.514
W.|.3!
W.|.:

3 W.|.30
W.|.36:
W.|.33

648
719
325

403
648
719
325

iA TA Tn ta Th tn oO

(Nos. 121 to 124.)
Observed as follows:—

Place of observation.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Aggregate |
length

By whom observed. Gi Gin.

Date.

Attaway Hill,
Chapel Hill,

Davidson College,
Florence,
Greensboro’,
Guilford Court House,!
Guilford Mine,
Prospect Hill,!
Raleigh,
Rutherfordton,
Statesville,
Trinity College,
West Green,

yrs. mos.

7
il

F. J. Koon,

Prof. James Phillips and
D. 5. Patrick,

Prof. W. C. Kerr,

Mr. Watkins,

George F. Moore, M.D.,

i

Alexander Wray,

T. Carter and others,
J. W. Calloway,
Thomas A. Allison,

Rey. B. Craven,
Samuel W. Westbrook,

a=
eo OS CO bre

coo NOorcocoor Ceiey)

1861, 1867, 1868 and 1869.

1845, 1846, 1854 to 1859 inclusive, 1861
and 1869.

1857, 1858 and 1859.

1843.

1860.

1843.

1867.

1849.

1859, 1860 and 1868.

1849.

1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1861 and 1869.

1859.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Time of
the year.

Place of observa-
tion.

Bet.N.& N.E.

al
A

Bet 8.&5.W.

Bet.S.W.& W.
Bet.W.& N.W.

Bet. S.E &S.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Bet N.W.&N
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Calm.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The years
January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
The year

121. West.
N.Carolina.*

122. Chapel Hill.4

40) 1)
22) 2
J

10)...

21
24
22)
27
25
| 24
| 24
| 29
| 31
28
12
35
\344 66302

4)...
4)...

3)...

4)1

(

12} 6
10
155 22

HPOWOWODONHOSO:

2
3
4
1
4
2
1
2
0
1
1
1

3
3
4
7
7
6
4
1
2
4

Ih hoe ens Thos Oren!

1
48|375 20

ge)

64/398

22/22/20
|

=
uo

...| BTS. 26°15! W.|.
E.

W.!.

rary
ao
a
mn
fo)
<S

119 N.

Re
“Tos

C8 SR BR et Sa Page per |
RARAAI OW In wa mA
=
Oo

(Sy)
bo

RG Be
wg)

PH
co -1 bo

Hie
Oi

Silelta
V.'.16
» [20
. 06

PENN bHEeEppwwit

! Not used.

2 W. H. Hamilton and Rev. Fisk P. Brewer.

3 Observed at Rutherfordton.

4 These observations were originally recorded for 32 points of the compass, and the resultants here given were
See the author’s former work on the ‘“* Winds of the Northern Hemisphere.”
5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

F computed from that record.

420) WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 123 and 124.) Western and Middle North Carolina.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant,

Kind of Time of the

observations, year. Direction.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
| S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.
S. W. or be-
tweenS. & W. |
W. or be-
tween N.& W.
variable
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

N.

Spring
| Summer | 132) 117}

Autumn | 148
Winter | 123) 108
The years | ... | ...
Spring 3} 450
Summer | 2| 356
Autumn 575
Winter | 438) 348
The year? | ... os 4|coo |i ace
Spring .41/2.88)2. .40/3-98
Summer .58)3.04/2 .§8}2.80 3.06)
Autumn .65/3.89}¢ 3.08|3.37/3.40):
Winter [3.56/3.22)2 : -86/4.35
Spring : 828) 32: 4701246)
Summer 335) 631) 290) 2 447|1080
Autumn 32| 764) 22 272) 722
Winter 773 8] 367) 959
THe: year® || se| pecan |e lies
Spring 97; 312) 3} 216) 976
Summer 7; 301 182/1019
Autumn 51) 327) 6 106} 693
Winter 259) 41) 131) 917)
Whekyearsy| resi | een secant ieee | eae [peace | ree
Spring 488/1140) 39 8] 686)/2222/1135
Summer | 442) 932) 378 298] 629/2099)1136
Autumn | 5131091, 293 249) 378 1415/1050
Winter | 4681032) 254 265) 498)1876) 958
Mielyeare oe ceil eerie Meeeel|elecerall meres | =

—<
—
Go
iS)

No. of ob-
servations.

in the years 1854, 1855, 1856
and 1857.!
No. of
miles.

123. Surface wind at Chapel Hill

miles p.h’r.

wind.

A
cs
>
A
Ls
(Se
oO
&
ot
wm

BEALE EERO

44444254

hia nth

124, Middle North Carolina.?

AAnnN

preceding Motion
combined. of clouds.

a
aes

€
a

——— ee ee ee eee ee _. F.COOH SF

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

= a | | =
Spring. Summer.|} Autumn. Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 4.26 -| 3.16 4.10 4,24

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the come move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction? giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . . A . : 5 6

Excess of the latter over the former . n E 7 .

2 Observed at all the foregoing places except Rutherfordton.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 125 and 126.) Northeastern Virginia."
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. sents Date.

m™m

2

Alexandria, Benjamin Hallowell,

1854 to 1858 inclusive.
Berryville, Dr. R. and Miss E. Kownslar, ‘

1856 and 1857.

1857.

1853.

1856, 1857 and 1859.

1860 and 1861.

1849 and 1859 to 1861 inclusive.
1860.

Capon Bridge, John J. G Offutt,
Charlestown, - coaercieecee
Crackwhip, DAH: Ellis,

Falmouth, Abraham Van Doren,
Fredericksburg, B: R. Wellford and C. H. Roby
Harper’s Ferry, L. J. Bell,

COnNnerErooNA?
| ore i a a orno)

! See note to N. W. Virginia, page 416.

SERIES B. ZONE 11. LAT. 35° TO 40° N. 421

(Nos. 125 and 126.) Northeastern Virginia.— Continued.

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. Jenga of Date.
yrs. mos.
Hewlett’s, J. F. Adams, 0 6 - 1867.
Leesburg, WN. F. D. Browne, 0 4 1849.
Lewinsville, Rev. Charles B. McKee, 1 3 1858 and 1859.
Mechanicsville, William A. Martin, 0 2 1869.
New Creek Depot, | Hendricks Clark, 0 3 1854.
Paddytown, Seabee pee eas nsogegced dad 0 3 1852 and 1853.
Piedmont, Franklin Williams, 0 2 1869.
Plains, John Pickett, 0 5 1859 and 1860.
Poplar Grove, James E. Kendall, 3 3 1856 to 1859 inclusive.
Powhattan Hill, Edward T. Tayloe, 1 9 1868 and 1869.
Romney, W. H. McDowell, 0 2 1852.
Front Run Valley,!
Vienna, H. C. Williams & Miss L. R. Thrift, | 0 2 1869.
Winchester, J. W. Marvin, 4 3 1854 to 1861 inclusive, except 1859.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE Or WINDS FROM THE Monsoo
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 2 influences.
= ; 25
fc 3 A ae | Bs
Kind of Time of $3 be 23 32 | | Directionof | 2S
- observations, the year. Pr =A Ba 5 25 resultant. se Direction.
f || Se o | Sei] si eel] aS “s 2 3 a
= \AS| elas] 3 |ES| B/E | Be 29 2
Z\ze| 8 |\ae| a loe| | 22/5 g
Ba ( 4% [| Spring 295| 280) 211) 286) 554) 406) 705) 696) ... |S. 86°11’ W. |.202| N. 83° W.] .02
3S os Summer | 242) 301) 210 291) 636) 437) 464) 379) ... |S. 43 56 W.|.167| S. 30 E. | .12]
Os 3s Autumn | 285) 288) 167) 155) 566) 279) 498) 458) ... |S. 83 36 W.|.154/S. 85 E. | .02
ane S 5 | | Winter 323] 285) 156) 165) 382) 411) 556) 872) N. 70 25 W. 254 N. 33 W.) .12
go 2 ANOS) SEES || G05. |] con |) Seo | Gon Hl co0 I} een |) cee we | a |S. 84 41 W. |.178
a : Spring 2205 |1720)1297/1837 3423/3278|/6979) 8925) ... |N. 77 9 W. "324 N. 60 W.] .05
S2 ) sa || Summer /1187)1384 784/1331)3203)2576|2758) 2359| ... |S. 58 58 W.|.220| 8. 26 E. 18}
oat 6a {| Autumn 1605/1516) 937) 944/2850)1493/3839) 3865 N. 80 24 W.|.226|S. 77 E. | .05 5
23 | 24 || Winter |2356/1158)1013) 785|1655|1875/4439) 8077 N. 59 31 W.|.376| N. 20 W.| .15}
Ae [| The year3 coo |) 5" |} cd ee N. 78 4 W. |.277 i
€ a ras | Spring 7 alee 14'6.15/6.42/6.18/8.07/9.90/12.82
5a sa Summer /4.90/4.603.73|4.57/5.04|/5.89/5.94) 6.22
Me | Fe 1| Autumn |5.63/5.265.61'6.09|5.04/5.35|7.71| 8.44
2m { SF | Winter |7.29/4.066-49)/4.76/4.33/4.56/7-98| 9.26
x (| Spring 719} 542) 614) 622) 875) 761)1469| 1414)1388|N. 81 55 W.|.19
2. 3 <3 Summer | 475) 499 619} 633| 721) 677)/1516| 749|1072/S. 76 16 W.|.i7
ez Bi" See Autumn | 638) 523) 639) 461) 869) 4781456) 9781213|)N. 81 46 W. |.16
22 || BiB |} Mataise 877) 529) 392) 357) 731) 682)1126) 1505/1552|N. 62 49 W. |.24
oe (Li) WhO S7ET TPicoo Whence |) ace | )co5 ll cool) coo || coc || cesce |] coo (PN EXO CID ave RIED!
"ga 4 {| Spring 95} 81) 117) 47) 116} 319) 858] 257 8. 87 47 W. 56
Be és || Summer | 147) 76) 84| 59) 119) 3971229) 342 N. 89 57 W.|.64
ae) 228 4 | Autumn 80] 46) 92) 52) 92) 281/1024) 248 S. 88 10 W. | 644
Ba tS [ ee 80} 70| 44) 15) 55) 261) 828} 208 Be ee es We foe
oS iS) ne yea cco |! c0.-|| eco I) cco. || ac0.}}. coo | dee == || eee |S. 6 W. |.6
tos pes Spring 814] 623) 731) 669) 991/1080/2327) 1671/1388) N. 85 28 W.|.253| S. 873 E. | .02
Se | Ss f Summer | 622] 575) 703] 692 840/1074/2745| 1091|1072/S. 83 51 W. 1.284) S. 10 W.] .06
=2| 35 {| Autumn | 718| 569) 731] 513) 961/ 759/2480] 1226/1213|N. 86 58 W.|.26 |S. 473 E. | .02
a 22 || Winter 957] 599) 436) 372 786) 943)1954) 1713)1552|)N. 72 5 W.|.303| N.15 W.| .07
ra SS (U/W || | es | So eT ce Woe oe |] ae co ee Ge Sie ia
} ' Same as Crackwhip or Wardersville.
| 2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Spring. | Summer. Autumn.| Winter. |The year.
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 3 8.64 5.26 6.32 6.78 6.75
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds - |
from every pointof the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . F 1.75 -88 97 1.72 1.20
True velocity in mean direction: giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above 5 F ; Pas) same 2.80 1.16 1.43 2.55 1.87
Excess of the latter over the former. 2 é . : - | 41.05 +.28 | +.46 +.83 +.67

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

4992 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 127.)
Observed as follows :—

Southern Pennsylvania.

Aggregate
length of

By whom observed.
time.

Place of observation.

yrs. mos.
0
0

2

1860.

1869.

1839, 1858, 1859, 1861 and 1862.

1843.

1862 to 1869 inclusive.

1868 and 1869.

1839 to 1841 and 1854 to 1865, both
inclusive, except 1860.

1843.

1840, 1841 and 1860.

1852 and 1853.

1839 and 1840.

Franklin W. Cook,

| J. Allen Hubbs,

| A. Thompson, Jr., & Wm. Heyser, Jr.,
Mr. Linton,

John Taylor,

S. C. Walker,

Rev. M. Jacobs and others,!

Bendersville,
Brownville,
Chambersburg,
Cochranville,
Connellsville,
Fountain Dale,
Gettysburg,

woot

oon

Prof. Traill Green, M.D.,

Freeman Lewis and Mr. Weethee,
Rey. D. J. Eyler

Calvin Mason,

Mercersburg,
Uniontown,
Waynesboro,
York,"

won ek

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DifFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of |
resultant.

Time of the
year.

Kind of

observations. Direction.

to sum of winds,

variable.

Ratio of resultant

tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween §.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

1450
1661
1439
1446

)1691
1664,
1818
1939

1399)
1032)
1092
1607)

657

409 |1180
517) 930
527] 789

Spring

| Summer

|; Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn

| Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

. 81° 36/ W. |.

Surface
winds.

1095
1242) ...
1104,

1048

3240
3480
3296
3627

1283
1535
1362
1188

360
525
446
249

212
267

| 247
99

127. Aggregate.
Motion

2494
2274
2196
2655

)4931
5144
5114
5566

2733
3196
2801
2634

869 |1227
676 |1705
764)1376
626 |1038

The two
combined. of clouds.

. Eyster and H. E. Jacobs. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 128 to 131.)
Observed as follows, viz.:—

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. Jength of Date.
yrs. mos.
Baltimore, Baltimore Academy and Alfred | 11 1818 to 1824 inclusive, 1829, 1835, 1836,
M. Mayer, 1837, 1857, 1858 and 1859.
Catonsville, George S. Grape, 1 9 1865, 1866 and 1867.
Chestertown, James A. Pearce, Jr., and others, | 5 6 1855 to 1864 inclusive, except i860.
Elkton,! Rediecbcoceooca. cesna ect 0 2 1843.
Emmettsburg, Eli Smith and Prof. C. H. Jourdan,| 5 5 1843 and 1866 to 1869 inclusive.3
Fort McHenry, Post Surgeon, 28 0 1831 to 1859 inclusive.
Frederick City, H. E. Hanschew and Miss H. M. | 10 6 1854 to 1863 inelusive, 1865, 1866 and
Baer, 1869.
Hagerstown, Rev. J. P. Carter, « 0 1 1852.
Leitersburg, Lewis A. and Jacob E. Bell, 4 4 1852 and 1858 to 1862 inclusive.
New Windsor, Prof. J. P. Nelson, 0 2 1852.
Port Deposit, Henry W. Thorp, 0 2 1850.
Sandy Spring, Isaae Bond, 0 7 1850 and 1851.
Sykesville, Wm. Baer and Miss H. M. Baer, | 11 9 1854 to 1865 inclusive.
Union Bridge, W. Gillingham, 0 a May, 1864.
Woodlawn, James O. McCormick, 4 9 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
1 Not used. # Prof. A. W. Clark, Rey. A. Sutton and Prof. J. Russell Dutton. 3 Two independent records.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 128 to 131.)

Place and
kind of
observations.

128.
Baltimore
(Maryland

Academy).

129.
Fort
McHenry,
1831-1535.

1831-1859.

o

ee
=3
RE

Motion

131. Aggregate.
combined. of clon:

The two

|
ort
McHenry,
f
|
|
f
|
{
|
|

Time of
the year,

The year

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

ZONE 11.

LAT.

Northern Maryland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

The year!

Oe TWPWwWrNNWwwpre

10
14
14
7
172
701

2) 500

2666
385
412
262
185

3215

2689

2557

2851

306
349

1486/2
1145

985
943
279
325
305
254
1765
1470
1290
1197

S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.

264,
1069
1156

735

567

11613
387
491
382
254

for}
i)

rp

a
SCNWrFNaA SO RW

pat

72
590

753) 14

419
283

546/1496
25281897
2061/1214

932
333
374

316
186

2933 1829
3019 2971
2443 1530
1867|1118

S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.

3094):
3993\<
2784
2832
879) 3:
1026|/3497

955) 2887

792|3297
3973|7022
5019 6986
3739) 6332
36247254

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

1839

:)4395

2917

45/4104

5271

1291
1099
1216
1482

5686

Calm or
variable.

4016) 92

5320)

6753

Direction of

m

AuArnaezAzznnnnwAaad

resultant.

. 67° 54/ W.).

0

38
41
26
32
57

8
22,
AT
24
46
17

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

atio of resultant

to sum of winds.

| R

BH MO A202 We

Monsoon

influences.

Direction.

423

Number of days.

494 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 132.) Southern Pennsylvania and Northern Maryland.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

5

52

Direction of

‘Kind of Time of
resultant.

observations, the year. Direction,

to sum of winds,

variable,

tween N.& E.

S. E. or be-

tween S. & E.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or

Spring 2; 52) : 5 695
Summer 202) 24 2) 337 725
Autumn 86| 266) 95) 16 | 564) 806
Winter 3 79) 12% 32} 905)
PUTTER Jeclli cas, |] cee ifecadai|imers 1/255, )/| Aso [cen
Spring 0} 8 182 | |2935|3506 6253
Summer 392) 999) 368 | |3780|2629 1769
Autumn 7 95) 304) 8 |2810|3484 4271
Winter 56| 373 $835) 2655/5196 6529
Dhenyear’y |e rec|teasetl imescnl| (ter | Meese ease eae | oo

5.04.9.62
3.63/4.74
4.3218. 63
5.74 8.86

87° 53’ W.|.402) N. 50° W.| .
70 45 W.).: Ss. 21 E
87 49 W.|.365) N. 67 E
SIP Gaal N. 24 W.
87 30 W.

79 22 W.). Ne -32) Ws
E.
E
WwW

a

No. of ob-
servations.

66 19 W.}. 8. 23
82 55 W.|.396| N. 64
73 21 W.|.6 N. 34
83 51 W.|.444

No. of
miles.

AAA nA nig itch

1856 and 1857.!

Spring -98/3. 0
Summer a : 154 4
Autumn 0
Winter 2

Stations in the year 1854, 1855,

Mean vel.
in miles
per hour.

A
&
a
iS
n
qi
25)
n
2
3
m
3
A
=
=
®
o
s
~
3
n
a
69
Lon!

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. Winter. |The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour . - 4.24 5.74 5.29
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity 5 c 5 ° * 5 f
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . : 5 : 5 P
Excess of the latter over the former . 9 . °

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 133 to 138.) District of Columbia and Southern Maryland.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. a tas of Date.

yrs. mos,

1861, 1862 and 1863.

1855 to 1869 inclusive, except 1860.
1854 to 1865 inclusive, except 1859.

1822, 1831 to 1834 and 1843 to

1845, all inclusive.

1833, 1834, 1851, 1852 and 1853.

1859.

1843, 1844 and 1845.

1858 and 1859.

July, 1838, to June, 1842, inclusive.

1849.

1856 and 1857.

1860 to 1869 inclusive.

1859.

1854 to 1859 inclusive.

1820 and 1823 to 1835 inclusive.

Agricultural College, Md., | Montgomery Johns, M.D.,
Annapolis, Md. A. Zumbrock & W. R. Goodman,
Bladensburg, Md., Benjamin O. Lowndes,

Fort Severn, Md., Post Surgeon,

ry
oNre
now b

Fort Washington, D.C., Post Surgeon,
Georgetown, D. C., Rev. C. B. McKee,
Isthmus, Md., Mr. Banning,
Leonardtown, Md., Dr. Alex. McWilliams,
Naval Observatory, D. C., Superintendent,
Nottingham, Md., A. P. Dalrymple,
Ridge, T. G. Stagg,

St. Inigoes, Rev. James Stephenson,
St. Mary’s, Rev. James Stephenson,
Smithsonian Institution, Heabaonp socwannenn0e 28
Washington City,! Josiah Meigs and W. G. Cranch,

OoOnDotrRFoOoRCOCOC a
NOHPBRPNOHHEa

i

! Exclusive of Naval Observatory and Smithsonian Institution.

SERIES B. ZONE 11.

LAD.

35°

TO! 402 IN:

425

(Nos. 133 to 138.) District of Columbia and Southern Maryland.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF tHE COMPASS.

Time of the
year.

Place and
kind of
f observations.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
i. or be-
tween S. & E.
S. W. or be-

tween S. & W.
| West.

5. E.

133.
The year

ra

SINAN NATE RROD

(| January
February
March
April
May

June
July ~
August
September
October
November
December
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
January
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

134.
Washing-
ton, D. C.

£8}ip
Fort
Severn.

136.
Fort
Washing-
ton.

171
193
123
105| 167
233
399
301
247

147
125
112
110

No. of ob-
servations.

1495
1956
1706

1060
647)
682)

556)

No. of
tiles.

5 44/6. 1
4.68)4.¢ 8)
.02)4.27)5 5: 9)

3/4-84 5)

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

137. Surface winds at Smithsonian
Stations in 1854, °55, 56 & ’57.1

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or
variable.

Ns Wi.

AAAUHAAAAARARAAAAA

Zug varaananaann
D tT

Direction of

. 66
- 51
- 30
- 64

. 88

resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

N. 81°52/ W.|.1é

25
53
55
45
11

76
85
85
67
22
78
74
81

4454 44558845454

by

rom

this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Monsoon

influences.

Direction.

Spring

Summer.

Autumn. |

Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 9

Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity O

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average yeleeuer
as shown in the table above . . . : 5

Excess of the latter over the former . ° c

9.12

5.44

1.00

inal
Je

_
- | Number of days.
=

2 Computed from fhe resultants for the seasons.

54 April, 1875.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 138.) District of Columbia and Southern Maryland.— Continued.
SN a ree, eer enna |

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ga influences,
Ss
4 Bi Pe ieee 2
Kind of Time of the | $ 2 32 $2 28 | Direction of | 25 5 ;
observations. year. | nA 7B 5a of 25 resultant. Se Direction.
Foe (eel eel) Sea lie=tlhe oer gp ll rein ha of ry
5 |A8| ¢|ee] S| Fe | B) es [ee Zo Z
2 |e" | & |a*| a | a |e | ae 5 a |
yr f (| Spring 1021/1772) 889 /1329 2117) 1884/1131] 2776| 658/S. 83° 33/ W. |.10
2 35 || Summer | 8301670) 7421236 2368 2219) 815 1565) 6378. 22 17 W. |.15
rai €a Autumn |1065/1628) 525, 8071806 1764) 917 2379| 817|N. 80 16 W.|.14
oa a w= || Winter 1213/1561) 515) 7731641) 1965/1113) 32 272 893)N. 68 24 W. |.22
cs | The year |4392 7063 |2860 4348 8259| 8394/4360 10695 1/3533 S. 84 36 W. |.124
oes - | | Spring 51| 40} 42 37, 31) 389) 161) 115} ... |S. 67 48 W. 524) N. 75° E. 56
Eine ag || Summer 65) 82) 38) 33) 31) 608) 202) 151 8S. 66 4 W.|.56 | 8. 64 KE. |.03
Ba 336) Autumn 29| 26] 26] 18| 14] 406] 90) 114 S. 65 7 W.|.62 |S. 263 W.|.05
2s a) | | Winter 32| 13) 12) 18] 29) 293 ae | 128 5. 73 30 W.|.63 | N. 60 W.).08
Sa S (| The year! | ee wees Ret llraee NOs OG) Lo: Ws LOS
28 Ss (| Spring 107 21812 | 931/1366, 2148 2273 ea 2891) 658|S. 79 37 W. |.124|S. 893 E. |.03
oo'S 3 2 | | Summer 895 (1752) 780) 1269/2399] 2827 1017) 1696] 637\S. 33 31 W.}.173| 5S. 234 E. |.135
<i $:5 {| Autumn 1094 1654 561) 825)1820} 2170 1007) 2493) 817|N. 87 28 W.|.16 | N. 184 W.|.03
oo 23 \| Winter 1245|1574| 527| 791/1670| 2258 1245) 3400) 893|N. 72 13 W.|.233| N. 38 W.}.12
Be Pe g | The year |4569'722 242078 eae 10090/4945) 11183|3533|S. 81 32 W. |.15
{

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 139 to 143.)
Observed as follows, viz. :—

Southeastern Virginia.

Aggregate
length

By whom observed. Ofitiane:

Place of observation.

mos.|

0
1
ala

1832.

1867 and 1868.

1854 to 1861 inclusive.

1843 and 1845.

1849.

1868 and 1869.

1856 to 1859 inclusive.

1869.

1843 and 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
1826 to 1854 inclusive, except 1845.

Post Surgeon,
Jean G. Potts,
| R. F. Astrop,
| Mr. Patton,
J. C. Wills,
C. R. Moore,
| Edward E. Spence,
R. Binford,
U. 5. Naval Hospital,
| Post Surgeon at Fortress Monroe,

Bellona Arsenal,
Cape Charles,
Crichton’s Store,

} Gosport,

; Heathsville,
Johnsontown,

f Montross,

# Mulberry Hill,

F Norfolk,

F Old Point Comfort,

“<
4
rea

to

§ Portsmouth,
j Prince George Court House,
i Randolph Macon College,
3 Richmond,
Rose Hill,
f Smithfield,
t Surry Court House,
West Brunswick,
f Westwood,
f Williamsburg,

N. B. Webster & Naval Hospital,

| David Turner and others,!
George W. Upshaw,

John J. Purdie,

| Benjamin W. Jones,

Mr. Astrop,

Charles J. Meriwether,

AOCOEPNRPKEPWOCATHAMWONKrOCOOCG

1854 to 1861 inclusive, 1865 & 1866.
1856.

January, 1869.

1850 to 1854 inclusive, and 1860.
1855, 1857 and 1858.

1856 to 1861 inclusive.

1867, 1868 and 1869.

1843, 1844 and 1845.

1860 and 1861.

1772 to 1777 inclusive.

Place of Time of

observation.

Spring
Summer
Autumn

Bellona Arsenal. Winter

The year?

! Charles J. Meriwether

the year.

tween 8. & E.
S. W. or be-

S. I. or be-
tween 8S. & W.

and John Appleyard.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.

Pe Be
* 100 ord

variable.

Calm or

Monsoon
influences,

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
tosum of winds.

- 66°50! W. |.
Aoi
- 66 31 W.|.
. 48 40 W.).
. 66 33 W.|).

2 Goinpnted™ from the resultants ‘for Hee seasons.

SERIES By ZONE 11. LAT. 35° TO 40° N 427

(Nos. 140 to 143.) Southeastern Virginia.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE CoMPASS. '2 influences.
Ae a a 2 Be
} Place and Time of 24 oe 2} 0) ¢ | Direction of | 23 ; i
H kind of the year. ni 2a bof Be | aS resultant. « ¢ | Direction,
} observations. 4 || 25 Saha Se 5 agi || SS 28 S
_|8s | elas) s|/Be |) 3 | Fs | ee EQ 2
mies | a |asia | af | FE | ze lo ra) 5
January | 29 ae G| nt es |ntG|menso N. 21° 33/ W. |.32 ;
February 13 33) 13) 13) 10 31 Uy) Al N. 9°55 EH. |.07 i
March 14) 36 7 22 5 43) 16 12 5. 66 18 W. |.05
April 10) 36) 11) 27) 13 Bxe}] 2) ab} Ss. 1 16 E. |.12
140 May 3} 43) 13) 36) 11 28 14 6 S. 60 25 HE. |.23
Ola Shen! June 1 26} 18} 29) 10) 43) 16 7 Sa) oi) Bee |e2b
Garrone {| July 0} 29) 10) 3 7 68 7 4 S. 6 40 W.|.34
1 1826-1820 August 6 30) Ll 24 9] 42) 24 6 8. 14 9 W.}.173|
Right September, 21) 40} 13] 18 6} 28 8) 16 N. 34 1 &E. |.18 |
October 17 39 9) 14) 4 28) WT 277, N. 17% 25 W..|.20
November) 13} 25) 10) 18 7) 36 19/23 N. 85 3 W.|-14 !
December} 17) 32) 7 11 8} 46) 13) 21 N. 74 58 W.|.15
The year? | ... cdo |} 000..}f> aa: 1" cba coc con 00 S. 43 15 W.|.03 |
141 (| Spring 488) 2067 1098/1152 717) 2191) 824) 1102 5. 32 12 Bb. |.04 |
Old Point } Summer | 301) 1899/1389)1330) 758) 2942) 711) 584 5. 15 10 E. |.18 |
Ga a Autumn | 701} 2348) 969| 895] 457| 1973) 798) 1497 N. 0 39 E. |.093|
1826-1863, || Winter | 880) 1956] 610) 589) 477] 2080) 1066) 1919 N. 49 46 W. |.20
; 7 : [ The year |2370} 8270|4066/3966/2409| 9186) 3399) 5102 N. 81 33 W.|.02 H
Sa (ya Spring 314) 141} 89) 119) 319} 396) 157) 192 5. 65 59 W.|.189' S. 2° W.|.02 §
Fins ea Summer | 152) 147) 70) 106) 374) 497) 113) 103 S. 37 49 W.|.279 S. 2 E. |.17 }
Zi, | os Autumn | 362) 214) 78) 72) 253) 293) 151) 171 N. 58 14 W.|.142 N. 23 E. |.14 ff
E ae ee | Winter 315} 129) 42) 64) 254) 310) 185) 173 N. 88 20 W.|.284 N. 44 W.).09
23 || eS aie seme | ces | so coll) em Ul | ee) 8. 72 48 W.|.183
}2 is (| Spring 1588) 1064) 457) 582)1923) 2508) 1157) 1667 8. 75 34 W.|.214| S. 423 W.|.02 |
Bs [oa | Summer | 777} 753) 335) 410)1535) 2368) 432) 410 8. 33 7 W.}.320! 8. 3) E. |.23 |
lor = {| Autumn /1587) 1699 ale 194)1040) 1236] 707) 785 N. 9 51 W.|.162) N. 40 E. |.26
Be 5 A || Winter |1359) 587) 122) 375)1136) 1865) 1316) 1436 N. 88 36 W.|.343' N. 735 W.|.16
ee (| The year? We eaten mera Giese eet tee S. 81 11 W. |.197)
So .
EA A = } Spring 5.06) 7.55/5. asl. 89|6.03] 6.33] 7.37) 8.68 !
B33 3a! Summer [3.08] 5.12/4.79/3.87|4.10] 4.76] 3.82) 3.98
5 osha Mgrs r| Autumn [4.38 7.94 7.35)2-69 4.11) 4.22) 4.68) 4.59
as ae | Winter = [4-51) 4-55)/2.90)5.86/4.47| 6.02) 7.11) 8.30
re
H eo (| Spring 1325] 3758)1868|)2125|1S896) 4759) 2024) 2676) 669)S. 54 38 W.|.07 p
f 33 | | Summer /1383) 3334/2191/2363)2127| 5918) 1623) 1530) 870/S. 10 14 W.|].15 :
Ba a ei {.| Autumn |2206] 3788 1697/1665) 1446 3999) 1736) 3244) 778/N. 37 4 W.|.103 H
S28 | ZF || Winter (2406) 3360/1038 1177 ITO Be 4418) 2346) 3855) 691) N. 63 10 W.|.21 ;
Sa (| The year |7320)14240)6794,7330 7022)/19094| 7729)11305)3008/S. 87 25 W. |-083
raz a {| Spring 127] 200) 56] 62] 102] 747) 749) 367) ... |S. 83 34 W.|.54 | N. 65 W.).02 |
ei 8% || Summer | 199) 252) 95) 105) 128) 1035) 901) 365 Sb 7) Wyo loth | Se 26 15, L083 |
AS Se} | Autumn | 144 207) 79| 89) 100| 644) 506) 346 8. 84 49 W.|.433) N. 683 E. |.09
Ze = 2 | | Winter 112| 109) 31) 41) 68) 635) 600) 288 8. 82 11 W.).595'S. 82 W.|.07 }
Pa @ (UN NN) see |) oe |) cos |} cee | too. |) con 200 00 wes) | eee |i 82 20) Wia|,02 !
bs 593 (| Spring 1452, 3958/1924 2187|1998) 5506) 2773) 3043] 669/8. 67 54 W.|.12 |S. 28 E. |.04 |
25 2 || Summer /1582) 3586/2286 2468/2255) 6953) 2524) 1895) 870 S. 32 42 W.|.17 |S. 163 E. |.14 §
.3 3:5 {| Autumn /2350 3995/17761754)/1546) 4643) 2242) 3590) 778|N. 53 31 W.|.12 | N. 232 E. |.08af
A SR £ ‘a |) Winter 2518) 3469/1069) 1218)1621) 5053) 2946) 4143) 691/N. 69 59 W.|.24 | N. 46 W.|.13 §
Ley eee & (|| The year 7902, 15008/7055/7627|7420)22155|10485)12671 an 8. 85 14 W.)|.13

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

| fy
Spring. | Summer. Autumn. | Winter. |The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 5 6.34 4.22, 4.95 5.57 5.27

- | Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds

| from every point of the seglaies move with the foregoing }

average velocity . 1.20 1.18 -70 1.30 96 1

~ i True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the H
several points of the compass each their own average eae

as shown in the table above . é 5 * 5 1.36 1.35 -80 1.91 1.04 }

| Excess of the latter over the former. a : < ; - | +.16 +.17 +.10 +.61 +.08 }

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

8

(Nos. 144 and 145.)

Observed as follows :—

WINDS OF THE

GLOBE.

Eastern North Carolina.

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. dene that Date.
yrs. mos.
Goldsboro’, E. W. Adams, 1856, 1857, 1858, 1860, 1861, 1867, 1868
and 1869.
Jackson, Rev. Fred. Fitzgerald, 0 1 1864,
Lake Scuppernong, Rev. J. A. Sheppard, 1 0 1851 and 1852.
Marlborough, Robert H. Drysdale, 0 8 1858.
Mount Olive, E. D. Pearsall, 0 3 1869.
Murfreesboro’, Rev. A. McDowell, 3.04 1856 to 1861 inclusive, except 1860.
Oxford, William R. Hicks, M.D., 2) 1867, 1868 and 1869.
Scuppernong, ape i) 6 1853.
Thornbury, Dan. “Mor elle, Oy aaut 1854 and 1855.
Wake lorest College, Mr. White, 0 1 1843.
Warrenton, Dr. W. M. Johuson, 0 5 1857.
Wilson, E. W. Adams, 0) ak 1866.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, 24 influences,
£5
: ae iS] =F
Kind of Time of 32 32 a3 Sz | g| Direction | 2S :
observations, the year. Bi Lan By be x of resultant. sé Direction,
| -A et dl Sheth) hes “qi =9 Craters = 3
£ HE] alas] SPE] & [ES lee ge :
2 |4e| Alas] a |at! F | ze IS & &
a= (a2 Spring 75| 116) 73) 58] 124) 201) 155 90 S. 62° 18/ W.|.189| S. 344°W.
gS [es Summer 25) (63) 29) Wai Wait37) si33 24) ...1S. 25 33 W.|.253| S. 12 E.
saben |(NOlS | Autumn 74) 120) 45) 55) 63] 102) 111 103) ....N. 56 31 W.|.131| N.16 E. |.
as SE [ Winter 86) 138) 49} 62) 66] 180} 176 119) ...|N. 81 10 W.|.193| N. 274 W.
go | A || The year? If (aces || Seeistel| Riseeyll(arses was vs_| .-[8. 69 39 W.}.154
ee Spring 945) 1270, 459) 434/1059)1699/1431.5| 1279) .../N. 84 30 W.).199| S. 76 W.|.
Bid | af [ Sumer 139) 537, 155) 156) 400) 785 181 218) .../S. 32. O W.}.162| S. 20 E. |.
34 ace {| Autumn 712) 893 207) 283) 510) 527, 506 G15) ...|N. 21 33 W.).149| N. 41 W.).14
2 |2 4 | | Winter 847) 1306, 307.4205) 583)1333, 1581 | 1277) ...|N. 65 52 W.|.234) N. 45 KE. |.09
EA (| The year? oe Peel | Repellers = Soules (Neti oleae ne
cia Re Spring {12.60 10.95 6.297.48'8.54/8.45| 9.24 [14.21]
32/34 ()Summer | 5.56) 8.525.344.875.485.73) 5.48 | 9.08]
212 /f autumn | 9.62) 7.444.60/5.158.10|5.17| 4.56 | 5.97,
x5 2| Winter | 9.85) 9.46,6.27 6.78/8.83/7.41) 8.98 |10.73}
4 =I
‘ ( (| Spring 513] 659, 289) 302) 598) 784) 700 502371/S. 87 8 W.|.133
S a | | Summer 232) 595) 220) 270) 605) 852) 470 216 259|S. 33 34 W.|}.19
w 2 |= 84) Autumn 558| 752) 248) 237) 343) 366) 488 436 433|N. 9 44 W.|.164
58 | ZF || Winter 571} 681 207) 196 342) 632) 743 601)436)N. 55 1 W.|.22
Ss || The year? |... peel) cree | era |pteens || nce acs see | one N. 74 48 W.|.113
gu ~ {| Spring 155| 146 62} 50) 120) 270) 832 | 204) ...|N. 86 38 W.|.524] N. 863 W.|.09
=i {| | Summer 151; 191) 108 63 | 152) 280; 549 | 163) ....N. 89 19 W./.35 |S. 74 E. |.08
ow 420 +/ Autumn 113} 134) 113| 75| 102) 154} 462 | 100) .../N. 87 49 W.|.30}| S. 84 H. |.12$
aS a [ Winter 121| 166) 36 2 82) 215) 744 16) «.{N. 84 12 W.|.533| N. 735 W.|.11
28 | Soll Miners aera) «cxf coats | frcceel| coon|feganeifacoos || sox ... | .[N. 86 37 W.|.43
bo5 23 {| Spring 668) 805 351) 352) 718)1054) 1532 706\371|N. 89 16 W.|.243|S. 68 W.|.08
qel[s2 | Summer 383) (786) 328) 333) 757/1132) 1019 379)/259/S. 58 49 W.|.21 |S. 6 W.|.14
- 9 3-8 | Autumn 671; 886, 361) 312) 445} 520) 950 536/433/N. 37 13 W.|.16 | N. 37 E. |.12
= =‘ || Winter 692) 847, 243) 230, 424) 847) 1487 747/436|N. 54 12 W.|.18 | N.16 E. |.073
wy LeiSalliltBesyear? |. a.u|" -zsallleeyllc see |eeeeal| | ereul| ee ie ie N. 79 23 W.|.17
i | | i
1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Spring. eae Autumn.| Winter. | The year. j
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 2 9.61 r 6.32 8.64 7.69
Velocity i in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity 1.82 {B3i- lg kB 1.18
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average Heelys
as shown in the table above . : 1.91 TOU) sil) gs! 2.02 1.18
Excess of the latter over the former . =+-.09 | —.56 +.11 +.35 -00

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SHARE See ZO ON By =) uPA 35°91 O) 4010 IN: 429

(Nos. 146 and 147.) Delaware.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. length Date.
of time.
yrs. mos.
Delaware Breakwater, ecR000 nos HER eeCICOTOC 0 1 1849.
Delaware City, L. Vankekle, 0 7 1866 and 1867.
Fort Delaware, Post Surgeon, 5 2 1826 and 1854 to 1859 inclusive.
Milford, R. A. Martin, 1 1 1857, 1858 and 1869.
Newark, W.A. Norton & others,?| 2 7 1843 to 1845 and 1854 to 1858, both inclusive.
Newcastle,!
Wilmington, Urban D. Hodges, iT. 10) 1864 and 1865.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DifFERENT Points of THE COMPASS, $2 influences,
és
Ala a AS JE 2
Place and Time of the 23 O28 22 22 g | Direction of | 26
kind of year. ize = Ewa BI aie resultant. « g | Direction.
observations. ale 6 C) s oe os 5
Si seil oo | Se) ab ea 2s Aa} oo oa o
s/AS) = jas] & lee) BRS | es =o :
Z\|22) alse) a lit) F |ez\S fe cs
(| Spring UG} Bz 9} 60} 19| 69| 10 78 S. 74° 46/ W.|.123) N. 41° E. 1.08
146. Summer 3) 22) 5] 18) 14) 27) 5 8 |S. 7 2 W.|.31$) 8. 103 E. |.20
Korte Delaware Autumn 29| 43) 10) 42) 19) 97| 41) 120 N. 77 46 W.|.32 | N. 75 E. |.19
H Winter 19} 89] 15] 34) 19) 93] 30) 195) ... |N. 49 52 W.|.35 | N.72 W.|.32
WING) GET? || 200 |} coo. |} con || oto, |} co |] cco || cee: |p or |) ono | Sb ES HS \yvolioillep
( [ Spring 126) 331) 70) 212) 143) 343) 156) 414) 6 |N. 63 42 W.|.15
oj Summer 61) 157) 122) 126) 214) 347) 137) 236) 3/8. 47 19 W.|.22
& a {| Autumn 118} 232) 94) 135) 127) 358) 266) 488] 39 | N. 72 45 W.|.29
Ze || Winter 154) 338} 78) 143) 81) 408) 273) 830| 11 |N. 55 7 W.|.383
s 1G |plbne Ry earse teens limesein | Meneia| esse llores attest Wee een | ose INEM OO GINWreleZe:
Ss “4 {| Spring 35) 25) 42) 13) 24) 20) 78) 33 N. 58 24 W.|.20
2 23 || Summer 18} 38} 39) 33] 56) 71| 79) 39 8. 49 49 W.|.24
S 4 8 2 4/| Autumn 10) 34| 10) 17) 16; 19) 12) 30 NE 23/09) W.|.10
— | 22 || Winter Fi aes eno) ie | eel 7G ee N.75 7 W.|.54
~ © [L) We syeanB || cco |] oso |] 620 |} cco |) cco. |] eee ff cco |] cee |] non iN WB) 8) Waa eee
Si os | Spring 161) 356) 112) 225) 167) 363) 234) 447/ 6 |N.61 3 W.|.143|N. 78 E. |.09
lee | Summer 79) 195] 161) 159) 270) 418) 216) 275) 3 |S. 47. 51 W.|.224 8. 15 E. |.21
23 | Autumn 128) 266) 104) 152) 143) 377) 278) 518) 39 |N. 74 52 W.|.263) N. 59 W.!.04
U B6 jy Winter 181) 341) 87| 145) 97) 415) 349) 852) 11 | N. 56 52 W.|.39 | N. 333 W.|.192

1 Same as Fort Delaware, which see.
2 Prof. E. D. Porter, Prof. W. A. Crawford, R. A. Martin, T. J. Craven, Mrs. E. D. Porter and Robert Crawford.
$ Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 148.) Delaware, Maryland and Eastern Virginia.

Average result for each month of the year, computed from observations made at 14 different sta-
tions, for an aggregate period of 254 years, previous to the year 1850.

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE
ComP ass.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Calm or

|
a

-02 4.73 .01|1.46|.00 2.49}.05 1.56}.03/4.69 0113.29 .08/8.82).03). 47° 47 W..
.00 4.53 .00/1.36).02 2.47|.07 1.44|.03 5.11|.03 2.46).07 7.93). 56 :
.01 4.65|.00|2.28].00)4.13}.01 2.19|.01|5.28|.02/2.92).06 7.13). 64
.00 4.61).00)2.75|.00 4.13].04 2.81|.00/5.14|.00/2.05).01/6.81). 77
.04 4.48} -00|2.32).005.79|.04 4.05|.00/5.61|.00)2.50|.00/4.60). 1
.00 3.94.01)2.30).00)4.65|.01 3.42|.02/7.23/.00)2.58|.00 4.39). 26
.01 3.75|.00|1.02|.00/4.69].00 3.63).00/9.37|.00/2.48).00 4.97). 41
| .00)5.16].01 3.07}.00)7.31) .00)2.63).00 4.35). 31
September|2.29) /2.00|.00)3.51|.00 3.14|.00)6.07).00|1.94).00/4.79). 87
October 2.07.00 5.50).00/1.73|.00/3.46).00 2.65|.00/5.63|.02)2.55).00 7.39 |. 55
November 1.96 .00 3.96] 00/1.41|.00)2.59).01 2.32).00/5.91|.00)3.01.00 8.50/.0- 70
December Pad 4.88}.00)1.12|.03/2.55).05 2.16).00)5.98 ue: -00 9.40). . 86
|

North.

oR<e}
ow

January
) February

S
So
AAAZRN AAA AAA

2.81
1.78
2.05!
1.65
1.15
1.10
1.05,
1.85
2.29

AAZAnnnnm
qgbhsigramns

430

(Nos. 149 to 152.)

Observed as follows:—

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Southeastern Pennsylvania.

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. dene te of Date.
yrs. mos,
Fort Mifflin, Post Surgeon, 10 1 1823, 1824, 1843 to 1846 and 1849 to 1853, |
Franklin Institute, Philada., Mr. Hamilton and others, 5 0 1831 to 1841 inclusive. [all inclusive.
Girard College, Philada., | A. D. Bache, 5 0 | July, 1840, to June, 1845, inclusive.
High School, Philadelphia, | Prof. J, A. Kirkpatrick, 15 4 1854 to 1869 inclusive.
Horsham, Miss Anna Spencer, 5 5 | 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Lima, Joseph Edwards & others,?}_ 5 7 | 1850 and 1854 to 1858 inclusive.
Naval Hospital, Philada., Officers in charge, 4 3 1849 and 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
Oxford, Henry Duffield, M.D., 0 5 1865.
Philadelphia,! J.C. Martindale & others,3| 8 4 1748, 1749, 1767 to 1772 inclusive, 1861, 1862
Pocopson, Fenelon Darlington, 15 8 | 1854 to 1869 inclusive. {and 1864,
West Chester, Mr. Jeffries and others,4 2 9 1840, 1841, 1843, 1864, 1865, 1868 and 1869. §
Westtown, Samuel Alsop, 1 if 1857, 1858 and 1859.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. =e} influences,
| 28 |
= id = |e Be |
Place and Time of the 23a | oa 23 33 = | Direction of oe : :
kind of year. ne a Soc yea || ios resultant. |. = Direction.
observations. Eee ae a ou 4: ne chat [es 3
E188) e)as] s/be| | Be jas |E2 z
z|4e | alas |alué | F | ee |? | Fa = |
Spring 231) 456) 253] 300] 325] 644| 501) 591 ... |S. 87°56 W.|.18
149. Summer | 103) 367) 210] 459) 362) 790] 310] 344) ... |S. 26 25 W.|.24 |
Fort | Autumn 183] 422) 145) 270} 200) 559] 364) 558) ... |N. 80 1 W.|.19
Mifflin. | Winter 247! 404 156) 160) 237) 618) 540) 781 NER) ME ears
The year’ | ... = | oop Ba 5 - acc 8. 83 6 W.|.20 |
150.
Franklin The year | 12 358) 194) 330) 369] 655) 1388) 537 8. 75 4 W. |.45
Tustitute.® | } |
(| Spring 1592) 4283/1579] 2800|1754| 5882) 3286) 5928) 249)N. 79 28 W.|.183
Seg | | Summer /1201) 32691214) 3566/2334) 7704, 2841, 4269) 383/S. 54 22 W.|.24
£3 | Autumn 1610) 38501131) 2582/1524) 5777) 3284 7099) 490/N. 74 3 W.|.253
&E |) Winter |1525) 4058/1011) 1686/1237] 5555) 4158) 7819) 422)N. 67 20 W. |.33$
| The year 5928 15460 5035 10634) 6849/24918 13569 25115/1544)N. 84 40 W. |.26
a {| Spring 144) 147) 56] 75] 130] 633| 1111) 782) ... |N. 79 16 W.|.30 | N. 78° E, |.24
- | 2S |) Summer | 234) 222) 155) 161) 258) 1119} 1343) 756 S. 83 57 W.|.53 |S. 2 HE. 1.06
m 4584) Autumn 153) 146) 70) 115/197) 845) 977| 658 8. 85 4 W.|.564) 5. 32 W.|.06
—) 3 || Winter a 42} 19| 32) 53 a | Die 669 N. 84 25 W.|.743| N. 724 W.|.22
© || The year’ | ... Poel lt vas Weer PS aa Bell ee Nios PHL Niel nares)
ow [| Spring 1736) 4430|1735) 2875/1884) 6515| 4397) 6710) 249)N. 80 58 W.|.23 | N. 74 E. |.05
eB 2 {|| Summer /1435) 3491/1369) 3727/2592] 8823) 4184) 5025) 383)S. 61 53 W.|.273|S. 12 E. j-25
224) Autumn |1763 3996 1201 2697/1721) 6622) 4261) 7757) 490|N. 78 17 W.|.28 |N. 2 W.|.033
= 3 | | Winter 1606) 4100 1030) 1718 1290) 6024, 5231, 8488) 422/N. 70 7 W.|.365 N. 34 W.).123
“ $ (| The year Oe aide OLE Z8e 27984)18073 27986) 1544) N- 85 33 W.).27
| |

1 Exclusive of Franklin Institute, Girard College, High School and Naval Hospital.
2 Mr. Miller and John H. Smedley.

3 P. Friel, Homer Eachers and others.
4 Samuel Alsop, Prof. A. G. Clark, T. H. Aldrich and Dr. George Martin.
5 Number of days 2191.
§ Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 152.)

| Time of the
year.

SERIES B.

cs
z
a

ZO RNG Rian lates

Girard College.

LAT. 35°

TO 40°

January
February
March
April

| May
June

July
August

| September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn |
Winter |
The year

101
133

76
350

115
138
155
147
142

79
95
66
132
91
80
152,
440
240
303
405)
1392

| 221) 63
| 308) 107

59 2
39) 10
Dy Be
fds ali.
86) 17
8i| 28
81| 36
140) 43
86] 15)
47) 2]
54) 21
39 0

187} 57

137) 12
853} 239

191
196
268
213
250
286
337
220
210)
166
94
132|
731)
843)
470)

247) 96] 519
51602) 600)2563

Time of
the year.

z
<a
ro
2
n

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of re-
sultant to

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

January 177
4 February | 170
# March 218
April 272
| May 458
June 462
t July 342
f August 212
September| 211
October 258
| November | 230
| December | 401
| Spring 948

Summer |1016) 188

} Autumn 699
| Winter 748
} The year |3411

63
98

427)

227| 21
147| 78
166] 20
90) 45
32) 15
158| 23
121) 27
114) 29
107) 21
198] 36
212) 106
224) 123
388] 80
393] 79
126 517] 163
79) 598} 22

| 8349/1896) 544)2962

yt)

10

9
12
10

34/8.
40|8. £
A49|S. &
52/5. ¢
79|N.
58) N.
85|N. §
27|N. 6
56) N.
1411'S.
172) N. §
46|N. 5
415) N. 74

9

|S. 9 W.
| S. 45 E

Ie 8)? Vii
N. 52 W.|.
N. 30 EF. |
N. 85 E.
8. 15 W.
S. 113 W.

N.56 HE.
N. 65 W.
N. 31 W.
N. 43 W.
S. 87} E.
S. 8h 5.
N.19 W.
N. 32 W.

(Nos. 153 to 157.)

! Computed from the resultants of the months by plotting.

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of
time.

Southern New Jersey.

Date.

Cape May,
Elwood,
Greenwich,

Haddonfield,

Moorestown,
Newfield,
Rio Grande,
Salem,
Seaville,
Vineland,
Woodstown,

Mr. Merrill,

J. 5. Fritts,

Clarkson Sheppard and Miss
R. C. Sheppard,

John Clement, Jr., and Samuel
Wood,

8. C. Thornton and others,!

H. D. Couch,

Jerusha R. Palmer,

C. M. Dodd and Geo. Watson,

Barker Cole and E. C. Cole,

John Ingram, M.D.,

George Watson,

yrs. mos,
i

0
0
6

1867.

1856.

1860.

1843 and 1844.

1864 to 1869 inclusive.

1865 to 1868 inclusive.
1867 to 1869 inclusive.

1843, 1844, 1849 and 1864 to 1869 inclusive.

1859, 1861 and 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1867, 1868 and 1869.
1868 and 1869.

1 Miss E. E. Thornton and Thomas J. Beans.

S.W. byS. §

432 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 153 to 155.) Southern New Jersey.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Kind of Time of the
observations. year.

Direction of
resultant.

or be-

Direction,

to sum of winds,

N. E. or be-

tween N.& E,

tween S.

S. W. or be-

tween S.& W.

N. W.

tween N.& W.

Calm or
variable,

“Ratio of resultant

Spring 36| 907] 521) 6 3/1216] 549/1529, 308|N. 80° 24/ W.|
| Summer ; 789 3] 682 1654] 497) 796 484'S. 54 W.|
Autumn 804 30 57|1383| 644/15 980) 495\N. 30 W.|
Winter 53| 734) ¢ 342) 431]1152) 779 1845| 360\N. 65 58 W.|.:
WUE CE ces MN taa eco || Gaol) Go Mon: |) Sen coe | cco: {PN 21 W.|.

| Spring 174} 80) 439) 229] 466] ... |N. 82° 40 W.|.38
L

mu
Pmt toto

153.
Surface winds.

eee
ve)

154,
Motion of
clouds.

Summer 0} 223) 62) 1: | 555) 221) 294) ... |S. 21 W.|.3:
Autumn 211 | 456) 272) 421) ... IN. 84 23 W.}.
Winter 2) 136 | 366) 265) 432) ... IN. 24 W.}.
Ta sy Gar liecst ll vat eulfarexo [eee a geen Cio teed eee . 87 42. W.I.
Spring 1081) 6 766 1655 778| 1995 5 18 W.}.
Summer 3/1012 5} 844 2209} 718)1090 |S. 48 36 W.|.2
Autumn 1015) 465) 612)1839| 916)2001) N. 81 42 W.|.2:
Winter 05} $70) 38% 3} 480)1518|1044/2277| 360,.N. 69 51 W.|.33:
The syean! || -<0 cece | peesedl|l eae lees | See hllineceal| Meeenl|(ueses | Net Si ecenW re lee

155.
The two
combined.

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 156.) Delaware, Southeastern Pennsylvania and Southern New Jersey.

Average monthly results, computed from observations made at forty different stations, for an
aggregate period of forty-eight years and eleven months, previous to the year 1850.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE
ComMPass. =a] 5
£3
bon) oe
2 | BE uci
ime of the : ; s 3 Direction of | 23 °
year. .|A a] gi . SS = |e = resultant. we ie
a E 3 C A Fat) |View a We A9 2 . ; : | os a
E/%/Alal gla) alal Slale || e)A/ Ele] West fs
Blel\elala@ialalal lala lElele| ell 6 Bebe |. 2

| | ] ] ] ]

January |1.17}.47 2.53|.28)1.97|,11/2 12 m3. aly 304. 49|.44/5.41|.795.97 .27/2.64| N. 80° 52/ W. 28 31
February |1.13).241.94).17)1.45).14 2. 02) 06/4. 04. ae lA. 31}.53/4.94].57/6.42 .31/2.58) N. 78 5 W. 38 28
March 1.72|.49 2, aie 15)1.85|.11)2.36).12)1.62 .32/4.63).51/5.45 -61/5.66).18/2.95| N. 82 58 W. 30 31
April 1.63).45 2.56|.18/2.19).9 |3.04!.23/2.20).35|4.29].35|4.64|.58/5.01/.34]1.87] S. 89 9 W. | .20 30
May 1.16|.28 1. a3 21|1.34).19)2.61|.29|1.96).54'4.84).37)/4.97|.70|6.29 .54|2.88| S. 88 45 W. | .33 31
June 1.24|.10 1.61|.11|1.47).20 2.45).13 2.03).27/4.88].45.5.20].59/5.18 -30/3.79 | S. 83 31 W. | .33 30
July 1.21|.19 1.41].11}1. 46) .11 1.91 -27|2.01) mn 5.12).54/6.52/.93)4.89 .22/3.66) S. 82 32 W. | .41 31
August 1.13}.22 1.91 142 2 18) .36|2.78].25|2.59).18|4.97|.34|5.42).63/3.55|.19/4.16 | S. 64 10 W. | .26 31
September/1.47}.18 1.43).15/2 2 .05). 101.98) .34) 2.20 -23/3.84 .33|5.33].63/5.45|.37/3.92| N. 89 3 W. | .31 30
October |1.39|.12 1.53) -05/1. 58} 15) 2.42|.13 1.78) .37/4.40|.48 6.00 .55)6.44!.45/3.16] N. 88 24 W. | .37 31
November 1.48).14 1.55 18| 1.96).05/1.84 .09 1.30!.19|3.76|.47 6.84 .74|6.19].43)2.79| N. 79 3 W. | .39 30
December |1.64 pale ile mails acces hie goles pee eb) as .24/2.50] N. 79 10 W. | .44 31

=

SBIR IIIS Bs AOI WH Il TA BI Av) AIMS" aye 433

(No. 157.) IIE SERRE SQ UUR CESS BEDE pak DEINE We Jersey.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE 2 Monsoon
DirreReN® POINTS OF THE COMPASS, g influences.
PEC era eam
; al eh ey ce
Kind of Time of the 22 da Be 24 | ¢| Directionof |e)
observations. year. nie ou AU by |.5 resultant. ais Direction. ’
at Se _|Sal 2 [ca ae | oa [23 Og | 3
= [88] = [as] SES) B | FB aa :
e \22| 8 |ub| 2 lue| & | 2s z Le
a f 2a 6 Spring 242) 449) 139| 232) 197) 580) 398) 837) ....N. 64° 0/ W.|.267| N. 14° KE. | .03
fo og || Summer 175| 432] 162) 292) 284) 753) 352) 556] ....S. 76 13 W.|.189| S. 23 BE. |.15
2 os ; | Autumn 264) 480) 149) 241) 221) 699) 421) 832) ....N. 70 5 W.).242)S. 70 E. |.02
Bee se [ Winter 211| 490) 113] 130) 108) 527 617| 1019) ....N. 58 40 W.|.392| N. 4 W.| 14
g2n| 42 MNDG) yASERE 003 || aco || Goa! || eon | ores || cco Nico |) coe I) cool No CO) Noll eA
2 a Spring 2602/3267) 668)/1273)1369/3702|/3057| 9364) ... N. 51 42 W.|.401| N. 27 E. |.07
& Fis s32 Summer 7833/1526) 653/1267|1294)3977|1613) 3308) ...S. 78 23 W.|.268) 8. 20 LU. |.25
gos 2 Autumn 2156\2663) 666/1258|1631|4347/2681| 7652) ...'N. 63 29 W.|.334| S. 583 E. |.053
2 oe 2 aA Winter 1916|2728) 527| 526] 553 2B ABs as ./N. 52 44 W.).560) N. 32° W.|-182)
ae Mueiyear (lee veces Iheses | | a. | «n/N. 59 40 W.|.393|
2) Ee 7
Bre Wie # BI { Spring 10.75'7.28)4-815.49/6.95 6.3817 6811.19
554] Poe [| Summer | 4.19|3.53/4.03'4.34|4.56/5.28|4.58| 5.95
CB Behe [ Autumn | 8.17/5.55|4.47,5.22/7.38)/6.22/6.37| 9.20
3 [24 2 | | Winter See Crer ci | 84/12.21

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. |Summer.| Autumn.| Winter. |The year.

Average velocity, of all winds in miles per hour p 8.23 4.78 6.97 8.20 7.04
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 2.20 -90 1.69 3.21 1.85
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the “hinaie from the
several points of the compass, each their own average ree:
as shown in the table above . 6 : 0 ° 3.30 1.28 2.33 4.59 2.
Excess of the latter over the former | 0 0 , : 6 . | -+1.10.} +.38 +.64 | +1.38 +.92

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 158 to 168.) Atlantie Ocean, longitude 25° to 75° west.

Computed from observations for an aggregate period of over 18 years, collected and classified,
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Capt. M. FE. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
Points OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

| Ratio of resultant

Direction
of
resultant,

Place of ob-! Time of

servation. | the year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

Calm or var.

°

area

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer } 4\% |24/39| 85/53
Autumn
Winter ils 10) 28)16
The year! ceellode loos! ooo Ieee 23
Spring 44: 9]12 31)22
| Summer 9)2 9)19|15)19 = 9/45
Autumn
Winter
The year!

tole

158.
S AT Ke

W. to 70° W.

poe eas TE

64
65
79
80
65
61
60 ¢
83

434334:

160.
tole : >
a palcsleelea[isetsalise

444

°
S
=
bp
cs
6
|
io}
wo
ORs)
8
ay
S)
4
ie}
)
to)
we
a
5
4

to 65° W. to 70°

“ABBR Ameena

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

55 April, 1875.

434 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

. 161 to 168.) Atlantic Ocean.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF Monsoon
THE COMPASS,

Time of the | = : 2 ;| Direction of

year. resultant. Direction.

Calm or

variable

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

to 60° W.

Long. 45° Long. 50° Long. 55°
to 55° W.

Longitude 45° to 75° W.
to 45° W. to 50° W.

167. b
Long. 25° Long. 30° Long. 35° Long. 40°

to 30° W.

to 8h° W. to 40° W.

168.

=
nm

| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year! | ...| ...| «-- coal) eel] .cco|] Seal} sae
Spring 5} 2 y || 24
Summer 25) 21) | 2 54
Autumn 2) 2 6 6} 2 37
Winter 3) | 18 23) 20
The year! Sem) cob eee etl) tevel| recall ices
Spring 6 | 2| 35
Summer 24; 12) 1 52
| Autuinn ‘ 3} 16) 13) 4 39
Winter 2a) 2 | 3] 22) 14
| The year’ | ... ool! pent) sca fall ans
January ‘ 2 ) Bi 2) 67
February ) 44) 49} 23] 29} 2) 35
March 3} 41) 56) j $0| 66) 131
| April 90/105) 6 36| 45 92) 92| 155
May 05) 87,120) 36) 39 | 80) 131| 191)
| June 3} 67) 78 64) 43) 53).83) 142 258}
| July 41) 84 2| 92) 63] 136 308)
| August 30} 58) 98 5) oy | 124) 103) 168
| September 62! 92) 3) 67) 100)
| October 59) 55) 95) 43) 60 37} 84 48
November} 60) 28) 50) 23) 28 | 27| 33) 47 | 86
December | 65) 50) 47) 27) 26 34 37 61) |
The year |924/646 911 480 586 394/590)664) 1052 1025 1647,/1039)1271 8
| Spring 17| 12) 12) 12) 12) 21) 20) 26) 34] 21) 35] 14
| Summer B) 26 23, 26} 8| 20) 39) 51] 45) 94) 74) 98) 21
Autumn 6} 10} 0} 3} 11) 31 35) 22|) 158i) eso 6)
| Winter - | 2 13] 8 14) 29) 12) 20 8
lresy earls lieses| tere (ees poe|| cati|| Geol sco) cto |) ccc |) tea. [coc |) eon
Spring 14| 14 25; 19) 18) 4
Summer ) | 2 22) 31) 30/ 3) 86 | 92
Autumn 4| 10 3) 14
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

. 86° 51/ W.|.
14. W.).
W.|.
Well

S) Miele
Wale

> W.|.

x
So

19
DS

ra
~I

|

hoe
So

tt 5 pn! DO: wu
DA YA AYA TAA TAT TA TA ta TA A Ua A TA

aaah dda’ Pera’ aaa) ara

Pets Seige Ziel stead Veale aa esl St ceststioce

ween bea:

, 224,
f wont
245

ahead) a

449444444444!

(Nos. 169 to 175d.) Azores.

Observed hourly from 6 o’clock A. M. till 9 o’clock P. M. (excepting Angra and Delgada),
under direction of Consul-General Hunt, on the following islands, viz. :—

Angra, for six years, 1865-70 (three times a day only).

Delgada, for six years, 1865—70 (three times a day only).

Fayal, during the months of June and July, 1840; also at Horta, on this island, by 8S. W.
Dabney, from November, 1862, to October, 1857, inclusive.

Graciosa, during the first twelve days of June, 1840.

St. Mary’s, from July 22 to 31, 1840.

St. Michael’s, during the months June and July, 1840; also, during the years 1860 to 1869 in-
elusive.'

Terceira, during the same two months.

be These latter observations, from 1860 to 1869 inclusive, are quoted by Dr. Buchan, from the Reports of the
British Association. The name of the observer is not given.

influences,

Number of days

SEREHS Bo ZONE TI. DAT 35° TO 40° N- 435

(Nos. 169 to 175(@).) Azores.— Continued.
|
Name of the Place. | Ee alice | ea |e] ae & a)a}a ic Ele 4
Rif) aA) RA le le) ele) wa la) a [ela |e] Sle] a |e
4|4|4|42| 42|e4|/a\|a]/ a8 la] sla] a lelaila] ala] a lo
| i
169. St. Michael’s, 1840} 60) 13) 93) 0 | 122) 0 | 28| 0 67; 0 | 11) 0 23) 0| 29,0} 42/0) 721 0f
7 170. Terceira, nf 79) 0} 35) 0 58] 0 8} 0} 47) 0} 14] 0 21; 0} 0 0 28] 0 62| 0
171. Fayal, & 106} 0} 12) 0 | 275) 0 | 13) 0 8) 0} 10 | O | 105) 0} 18) 4 3] 0} 31) 0
i172. Graciosa, s 47) 7 0) 0 0} 0 | 13) 0 7 0 0/0 8} 10} 6] 0 6) 0 0) 0
173. St. Mary’s, SF 14; 0) 10) 0} 45) 0 | 12) 0 6| 0 | 15 | 0 0} 0} Oo} 0 15) 0 2) 0
174. Aggregate, ce 306] 20) 150) 0 | 500) 0 | 74) 0 | 135) 0 | 90 | 0 | 157) 10) 53) 4 | 164] 0 | 167) 0
l (ae |
pales meee ee aire ne goz| s
Bl Ela] (2) ele AOE alll ica ote ease 0s
Ble) 4/2) 8/2] 4)e| 2 Ele) bles) resutann | 222] 28
a\a| IE] EE] Ele] & lele leader Bee | Be
| real |
169. St. Michael’s, 1840, 67) 0 | 43 20) 60) 4) 49 4) 100} 0 | 33) 5 |5 | N. 26° 8/W.| .18 | 61
170. Terceira, ty) 1140 63} 0] 198) 0 | 92) 0} 108) 0 | 32) 0|0 |N. 77 45 W.| .42 |° 61
171. Fayal, ie 168) 0 | 22) 0) 52/0) 16) 0) 41) 0 2) 0 |21 | N. 73 17 E. Are Ni) PGR
| 172. Graciosa, ae Wn pet) 40) 0) 0 0} 0 0) 14 0) 4] 0/35 | 0 cuecdolbothan apo if
173. St. Mary’s % 15] 0 QO OO 0} 0} 25/0) Oo 0 a wees bs 10
174. Aggregate, 371] 0 | 128) 20) 310) 4 | 157| 18) 274) 4 | 67/40 127 |N.45 5 W.| .16 | 205
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. as influences, |
a8 ai
| 2 Fi 2 2 | Ee e
Place of Time of | 23 dB £3 $4) 5] Directionof | 2° : ; =
observation. | the year. | nie Sun Ewa By | BS resultant. |. | Direction. ss
- | 9 oS c ° | Oe os o
i || Sel a “el a “4 “ 28) ge o® é Ze)
= BS] giao) Ss |BS| @ |S \ae Be Eoalues
2 \2e| mB |ws| a |at| Fas [0 & ean ge
(| Spring 9; 10 |.10| 9) 6 | 14 | 27 } 15 N. 79°37! W.|.244
174(a) Summer 8 | 13 | 10 | 10 6 | 12 | 30) 11 N. 80 17 W.|.20
ie ae Autumn 9 | 11) 13 7 7 | 14 | 24) 14 | N. 77 38 W.|}.19
ore: Winter @) HO. Tuk J) 6 | 16 | 26 | 14 N. 82 45 W.|.24 H
L| The year | 35 | 44 | 44 | 34 | 25 | 57 |107 | 54 | ... |N. 80 11 W.}.22 |
January il & 1 zt 3 6 il 6 0
Reamer, | Wy} Ci ay) 2&y a} wy ty wip @
March 1 7 1 i) ZA 9 2 6] 0
e April 1 9 || 2 il 4| 2 8 | 0
S May 2 || WO |) al 3 |p a 4| 2 8] 0
ce June 1410) 2] Si} oy 42) Bi) Bio
3 July 2 | 13 1 Bi 5 2 5 0
2 August ©} 15) O} B} OO} B] Ay oy 2
2 Seinemoer| 1) we] ay Bl Oy By wy Gy a
a October Alt} Ly By Zl Sy Ly oy a
5 November| 3] 7 @}) 2 By} al 6] 0
a Dagarmae|| Bi By Bi 2b By Bie ee ve Ao |
n Spring 4/26] 4) 8 4/17 6 | 22} 0 jN.18 47 W.) .19
e Summer 3 | 38 |) lah ily) We 6 | 18 1 |N. 20 19 E. | .28
= Autumn 6 | 29 Gh | ABs |) eh ah ay) ale 2 |N. 23 45 E. | .19
Winter 5 | 22) 4) 12 6/18 | 4] 20] © JN. 20 49 W.| .09
The year | 18 |115 | 12 | 44] 15 | 61 | 19 | 77 3 |N. 5 50 H. | .18
January 4} 4] 2 2 3 (AL 4 0 1
February 3 5 a || 3) 5 4| 3 2) 0
March | 4 7 3 4 4 By N's) 4; 0
April 5, Dm aS a2 5 4) 4) 4) 0
May By ZO OW a Bil ai es Ve at Aw
June pe, Bee ee ap ab Bh een es
July By ON i Bal Ba a.) 5 “5 |
August Be Bt al Sy)
teaee September] 6 uy a GH Wea D Es ea} HUET
gaca- | | October Al Gy) Bi Al 2 4) Bl Bo
November) 5 6 2 | 2 5 4! 4 | 2 0 |
December| 5 || 6) 2) 2) 03) 6) 423) 0)
Spring | 15/16] 4] 7] 41) 11] 14) 14) ON. 42 19 W.) .18
|Summer | 13/29) 4| 7] 7) 9112] 6) 3 |N.19 27 EB.) 2 |
| Autumn 15 | 20 fy |p fy |] aly | 2A fa 8 TO Nep 2 Leet LGN!
Winter 12 | 15 if | | Dil |] ie We 9 0 IN. 82 45 W.} .01
l| The year | 55 | 80 | 20 29 | 40 | 49 | 49 | 37] 4 Re 16 39 W.) .12 |

436 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

e

(Nos. 175(a) to 175(6).) Azores.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction

i f Time of
Kind o of resultant.

observations. the year. Direction.

or be-
tween N. & E.
W. or be-

E.
to sum of winds.

N.
8. E.
tween S. & E.
tween N.& W.
Calm or

variable.
Ratio of resultant

N.

Spring
Summer
Autumn

| Winter
The year®
Spring

| Summer

| Autumn
Winter

| The year? | ... | ... |... ae ace. |
Spring | 23 15
Summer bi i Be) 51)
Autumn ‘ 5 47 44
| Winter 84!
UM Gye one I sao || cos | aa lees
Spring 302, 8 | 0} 141) 1181
Summer 248, 390 Z ; 235; 889
Autumn 346, 62 | € 368| 462
Winter 305, 1172 y | Gear 515)

The year2| ... | vee | ene eae eo ||
Spring 11.6211.64| 6.62 19. | 15.67/15 .13/13.84/12.33
Summer |13.78| 7-65) 2.40| 9.47| 9.04/13.07| 7.20} 6.7
5
7

BOS LaWall
34 41 W.).
66 19 E
80- %
38
74 5
70
83
39

87 -|.14
. -|-153| N. 523°W.).12 »
57 -|.20 |S. 464 W.|.152
49 i. |.06 |S. 80 E.

89 - |.102| N. 81 E. 1.15
60 :
75
42,
58 %
val
13

—t
=|

ah
DO

Surface

ee
5
bo

wind.
omames=t

> BR
a LSS

Ho:
©

=
ou

Motion

combined. of clouds.

ee eee

175(a). Horta Fayal.!
Number of observations.

The two

l
f

miles.

No. of

DAANNMNRMAMAAAAL Aw nth iA

Autumn 9.89 13.10)10.20 ee 12.27)10.50)12.43) 5-25

Winter 10.5215. 84i16. 8012.59 15.91 14.31 20.33)2 +67

or
Sin
~~ oO
ac
ag
cA
S33
eS
1D
oD
on
=n
a me
Ao
2S

a
3
b
o

i
3
=
=
Ss

=

~

SS

~~

ag

LS

ei

M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

! From the preceding tables we obtain the following summary of results :—

| Spring. . | Autumn | Winter.

| Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour i ; 6 15.49
Velocity i in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds from |
every point of the compass move with the foregoing average velocity.
# True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the several
points of the compass each their own average velocity, as shown in |
f the table above. . : . A 0
§ Excess of the latter over the former -

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 176 to 180.) Atlantic Ocean, longitude 0° to 25° W.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of over two years, collected and classified, from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory under the direction
of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observations. the year. Direction.

Calm or var.
Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds,

N. N. W.
Number of days.

4° 29/E
. 72 44 Wz.
5. 43 13 W.
5. 60 15 W.
. 83 23 W.

(.| Spring
176. | | Summer
Longitude | Autumn

a)

oR MS

# 20° to25° W. Winter

The year!

» Wr wo-AT

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

PVH IR IL IBS) 135 ZA CONINAD) Wh | I AIMS BO MNO) LEDS ING 437

(Nos. 177 to 180.) Atlantie Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS oF Monsoon
THE COMPASS.

influences.

Place of Time of | | lee ‘ i Alemireationro®
| observation, | the year. lea : : : malts A

resultant. | Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

177.
Longitude
15° to
20° W.

13° 22/W. .
W.. .
We,
W. .22

Spring | | 13) 22) 22) 22) 20) 2 5 |N. 8 AW. |.

Summer 2) d : : > 8 BMS Walls

Autumn } | d | 3 | 3) Sem OMD OL ome

| Winter 3] i] 3, 8 3) 131 20) 20) 9) 3) 48 83 15 W.l 26

The year!

|
|
|
179. Spring er
|

178.
Longitude

nA th

W.|.

Summer
acre Autumn
102 W 9 Winter
The year! | ...
January 24 | 3s 34 -
February 3 | 4 : - iy le 4 3)
March 8 ee) 2: | 11) 10} 21) 12) 14)
April 20) 38] : | 33] ¢ | 36] 4'7| 25] 15| 17
re 46 | 35) 61) 24) 28) 32) 39) 5} 47) 82) 49, 54) 70
une 30 | 45) 52 35) 45) 67) 6 2) 73)114 89] 48] 51|
eee? || July 50|141| 60, 6: 0| 46/14 231101 254, 92 1102) 42) 78
45° W.2 August AZ| 54 38) 90 | § 149) 73115 55, 23) 43)

September) 47 4) 63 | 26) 55) 39] 89) 57) 66 31) 18) 37
October 26| 34 3] 39) 2 | 36| 44) 36 43) 30) 29
November| 0 4.16 4 30, : 21| oil 15] 14) 4) 7
December | 11) 2: 16 12) 19) 21 | 28} 16) 35) 13) 28) 20) 35}
The year |312 eel 435 253 40 303/534] mu pn a abe 290/425)
|

i ta TO

180.

AnAannaaaan tn

DUNN MM MIAN ha AA IAA IAAL

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
2 Serial Numbers 165 to 168 and 176 to 179 inclusive.

(Nos. 181 to 197.) Portugal and Spain, south of latitude 40°.
Observed as follows :—

Albacete, Spain, by Rafael Chamorro, during the years 1866 to 1868 inclusive.

Alicante, Spain, by Pedro Tomas Guillen, during the years 1866 to 1868 inclusive.

Badajos, Spain, by Rafael Tambrano y Rubia, in the year 1868, by Valerian, 1867, and by
Ordonez, 1866.

Campo Major, Portugal, in the years 1864-70.

Ciudad Real, Spain, by José Maria Perez, during the years 1866 to 1868 inclusive.

Gibraltar, Spain, during the years 1853 to 1859 inclusive.

Granada, Spain, by Manuel Fernandez de Figares, during the years 1866 to 1868 inclusive.

Jaen, Spain, by Maria Folache, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Lisbon, Portugal, by Joaquin H. Fradesso de Silveria, for the years 1867 and 1868; and by an
unknown observer during the years 1856 to 1865.

Mafra, Portugal, date not recorded.

Murcia, Spain, by Clayo Diaz, during the years 1866 to 1868 inclusive.

Palma, Majorca Island, by Francisco Barcelo, during the years 1866 to 1868 inclusive.

Polytechnic School (Lisbon), Portugal, during the year 1868.

Seville, Spain, by Jacinto Montells, during the years 1866 to 1868 inclusive.

Tarifa, Spain, by Eduardo Ureech, during the years 1867 and 1868.

Valencia, Spain, by Jose Monserrat, during the years 1866 to 1868.

438 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 181 to 186.) Portugal and Spain.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE AND FORCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Time of
the year.

observation.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,
u nber of days.

Place of

January
February
March
April
May

June

July

| August
September
October
November
December
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

. 76°22! W.
41 37 Wl.
- 29 15 W.|.

65 34 W.
- 51 34 W.}.

Number of hours.

i

SERNA ROCmOBRRNOORORS

bo

181. Polytechnic College.
——{\——

gress in

© kilometres.

i Pro

| Spring 2594) 750) 430) 620) 3683632) 452)2144/2006| 7242) 8070) 6864 4524 11122 6456/17372
| Summer 8782) 2576] 940] 580) 190) 168) 98| 144) 526) 1566) 3812) 5474) 1378) 3476, 7228)43448
Autumn /|10804 8236 2662 1178 318 164 172) 86) 864) 4142) 1894) 4356) 1368) 3928) 3364)13200
Winter 4126 16104 5858/1440 862 2312 892) 856)2296) 8636/11624| 8050] 2932) 4466) 1738] 2296
The year (26306 pushers 1738 6276 1614/3230 5692/21586 25400 24744) 10202 22992 18786)76316

|

No. of kil.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of
resultant,

Place of Time of

observation. the year. Direction.

to sum of winds,

tween N. & E.

tween 8. & E.

tween S. & W.

tween N. & W.
variable,

Ratio of resultant

S. E. or be-
S. W. or be-
Calm or

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

181(a).
Campo Major.

Be oH

HRD O

ay

“TH we
=a

wWmonoe fp

182.
Lisbon.

oo or
ob 4 - Ow
nn wm AAAA

183.
Mafra
(1451 days).

The year®

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
ae be Autumn
Winter 2
The year? 16| 74) 241

184.
Southwestern
Spain.!

4h

185.
Seville.

aflgelhe neice i

ee

Tarifa.

RAT th th
b 2)
HEP Saher sahassas

61

' Observed at Badajos. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SHERIEHS Bo ZONH 11 GAT. 35° TO 40° N. 439

(Nos. 187 to 197.) Portugal and Spain.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FLOM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS oF THE COMPASS. n= influences.
ie A ia se Be
Place of Time of the $2 O23 ae E=} ¢ | Direction of | ¥5
observation. year. Le an Bp be | 23 resultant. « ¢ | Direction
ei lbeaes _ | Se es = Fe} | oeell Se sa é
5 Ae) gles) 2 es) eRe lee EE :
2 \22| 8 |ne| alae! & leZlS a g
(| damoasy, | al a) a a) el ap aay
February tO Bl Bi ae Bl cal
March Ie sal 6 2 2 8 3 §
April Oe 3 zi 1 6 3) 12
May @). 5 4 1 8 3} 10
June 0 1 8 5 1 8 3 4
July Gah) ala 4 2 3 5 5
187 Soy ay all an) ec ear
nea September | ‘ 5 8
SHoceLteRe October ine ote Oeste Gl! Sie
November 1 2 9 8) 1 3 4 7
December 1 2 6 3 2 3 iy 18} >
Spring 1 2) 24) 10) 4) 22 9) 30 8. 82°39/ W. |.26
Summer A) By BR TB za SN a} ag Se (ul Ge) 1, |e ilil
Autumn 3 5] 27, 9 2) 12) 12) 21 N. 20 19 HE. |.05
Winter By} YL IG) 9 5} 11) 10) 29 N. 54 28 W.).14
The year 8} 14) 89) 41) 15) 60) 43) 95 8. 86 59 W.|.07
f Spring | 17) 16) 18) 14) 15) 12) 43) 49 N. 57 50 W.|.26
188. | Summer Oy) - Oi HL 6 5 Ti Ga) il N. 62 38 W.|.61
pea Autumn 6 13 8| 12) 10; 29) 50) 44 N. 84 29 W.|.44
: Winter ig)} Wg 4) 11) 22) 28) 46 3 N.85 9 W.|.36
The year | 51) 56) 41 3] 52) 76) 205) 197 N. 71 55 W.|.42
( Spring cl AT 6] 36) 21) 66 5) 88 N. 79 16 W.].18
189. | | Summer 3} 26) 2| 19) 9) 132) 4) 80 8. 72 30 W.|.46
nas } | Autumn 4, 44) 7) 74) 32) 68] 7 37 S. 7 25 E. }.26
i l Winter 3; 87 7| 94) 22) 17 5| 36 8. 83 31 E.. |.34
The year‘ | 17) 204) 22) 223| 84) 953] 21) 241 8. 31 23 W.|.12
(| Spring 34) 103} 157) 76) 126) 191} 143) 182) 8. 57 1 W.|.14 | N. 782°W.).07
190. | | Summer 17| 48) 141) 52) 153) 219] 212) 168 S. 57 31 W.|.32 |S. 694 W.|.23
Southern {| Autumn 24; 96| 218] 117} 114) 164| 144) 114 S. 1 9B |.14 |S. 48 &. |.072
Spain.! | | Winter 62] 194) 190) 137) 86) 99) 94) 122] ... |N. 79 23 B. |.18 | N. 624 E. |.26
[| The yea: | 137| 441) 706] 382) 479] 673) 593] 586 8. 27 56 W-|.10
[ Spring 17 83) 30) 25) 13) 39) 115] (34 8. 82 38 W.|.43 |S. 72 W.|.12
191. Summer 19 7 9) 19) 16) 47) 128) 21 5. 80 15 W.|.51 |S. 74 W.|.20
Southern Cen- } | Autumn 25) 25) 46 9 6} 32) 85) 45 N. 60 24 W.|.29 | N. 27) B. |-16
tral Spain.2 | | Winter 23) 17) 44) 41) 11) 25) 77) 33 N. 88 49 W.].12 | N. 88 E. |.20
(| The year | 84 52) 139) 94} 46) 143] 405) 133 N. 89 49 W.|-33
(| Spring Uy Zi) lg) 6S 3) 61) 35) 65 8. 62 59 W.|.18
193. | | Summer S| 12) 25) ib) 14) 47) 44) 15 SE Gi} 1, Wobai7/
emote. Autumn 5) 14) 20) GO} 10) 54) 44) 3 S. 34 13 W.|.2
l Me care Haley SAG 4 56 erie 170 S. i 45 Bis “
ear oo || ceo ¢ S. 43, ~ |-20
(| Spring 0} 3 56] 63) 45} 15 2) 58] 8. 65 40 E. |.29
193. | | Summer 2) 40) 94) 84! 14) 13 5] 24 8. 76 48 E. |.56
Marcia i Autumn 2) 36) 40) 59) 14) 53 3) 56) S. 29 41 HB. |.12
Winter 3} 42) 18) 19) 9) 78] 40) 62) ... |S. 89 14 W.|.29
| The year "| 155| 208) 225] 2] 159] Go| 200 Sh BQ) BH IDL Vail7/
epune 10 Be 19) 82) 65) 24) 15) 25 §. 31 18 EB. }:37
ummer 0 6| 61) 109} 69) 4) 7 0 S. 48 15 E. }.71
nee | Autumn 15) 46) 36) 48) 57) 24) 19) 28 §. 49 0 EF. }.23
é | | Winter 35} 38) 27) 30) 51) 22) 19} 49) ... |N. 33 50 E. |.04
|| The year* | 60) 146] 143) 269) 242) 74) 60) 109] ... |S. 45 18 BE. |.32
(| Spring 35; 32/ 8 4! 7 29) 107] 54| N. 63 40 W.|.533
195 | pune 2 2% ip: 24; 11) 14 mi 28 N. 4 8 ue -23
Bu utuimn 3 }| By alee 38 ilee. 5 08 Vo let
Welongie. Winter | eal 2| of al a gal aval sil 2 [Nie 22 w. [83
|| The year | 131] 94) 54) 32) 26) 99) 509] 151 We TAL Niel ea
Spring 52!) 128] 100) 214] 120)-129) 159} 202 §. 83 26 W.|.08 | N. 603 H. |.03
196. f Summer 39] 133] 220) 332] 108) 78] 126) 68 S. 55 47 E. |.35 | 8. 72 E. |.37$
Southeastern 4 | Autumn 60} LO1} 102) 171) 87) 154) 229) 157 S. 64 20 W ) | N. 80 W.|.08
Spain.3 | | Winter 64| 99} 53) 95) 76) 189} 315) 212 N. 89 0 W. N. 73 W.|.314
[| The year | 215) 461) 475) 812) 391] 550) 829] 639 S. 39 18 W. |
(| Spring 12) 3a) 1b) 22) 73) 75) at) 41 S23 58) Walls:
197 | | Summer Ny Sy) By ef) ke] SISPAY Gy a ee SE 21 7 WW ING
Palma. | Autumn | 22; 43) 19, 7 72| 55] 15) 40] ... |S. 37 59 W. |.16
‘ | | Winter 25| 45 5 6} 43) 66) 26) 55) ... |N. 88 15 W.).26
'| The year 63] 135] 52) 32) 274) 328] 63) 149] ... |S. 41 21 W.|.32
1 Observed at Gibraltar, Granada, Jaen, Seville and Tarifa. 2 Observed at Cuidad Real.

3 Observed at Albacete, Alicante, Murcia and Valencia.
4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

440 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 198 to 203.) Northern Algeria.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Algiers, during the years 1837, 1838 and 1855 to 1857 inclusive.

Arzew, by M. Maleplane, during the years 1851 to 1856 inclusive.

Mostaganem, by Aucour and Robin, during the years 1850 to 1858, and 1857 to 1862, both in-
clusive.

Oran, by Aucour, during the years 1841 to 1853 inclusive, 1858, 1860, 1861 and 1862.

Oum- Theboul, by Cappés, Director of Mines, during the years 1862, 1863 and 1864.

Setif, by C. Dumas, during the year 1855 and parts of 1856 and 1857.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OP WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place of | Time of the
observation year.

Direction of
resultant.

Direction,

or be-

tween N.& W.
to sum of winds.

IE. or be-
tween N. & E.

W. or be-
tween 8. & W.
Calm or var.
Number of days.

Ss.
West.
N. W.

N. FE.
; Ratio of resultant

198. . Bpee ; |
| The year 302) 607). 15 71 608 no cen || sctencote 12192

A eer | Swtso copes
| Spring 2501| 2296] 221 224) 343/1419| 342) 2195| O|N. 1°10/H, |.44 | ......... w. |1564
199 | Summer 3138) 2400 119} 10:3) 264) 152) 3325) OJN. 7 O W.).72 | ......-. «- (1564
eee Autumn 2080) 2076) 72 304) 430/1349| 362) 2682) 0|N. 17 7.) .26 AR AeCOCO ee (L547
| Winter 1306) 1582) 3} 522) 985/2555) 541) 1794) O|N. 74 2 -- |1534
| The year | 9025) 8354) 560 1169)/1861/55871397, 9999 0|N. 18 - |6209
Spring 24) 1945 3) 484) 70) 731181) 4905) 0|N. 35 920
200. Summer 901) 3354 2 0 1) 35) 991) 4391) 0|N. 13 =a 920
Mostaga- Autumn 869) 2302) 341; 71) 3261493 4030 0) N. 26 -s> | SEG
Nem. Winter 912) 1743)1288 848) 119) 6242008 2190 0|N. 19 . | 902
Mhesyear® || fo 1) soulless ill call Sean ea eal eee ea Ne ! \3652
a | Spring 3325] 4241) 534) 658| 413/14921523| 7100) 0|N. 20 at . 28° W.| .04 2484
i The iwo Summer 4039) 5754) 243 119) 104) 299 1143) 7719] O|N. 10 1: ole - ii 6 {lo 2484
BAA y Autumn 2949| 4378) ¢ 645) 501)1675 1855' 6712 0) N. 24 Sl 2 «| 04 2457
vee tin’d. | | Winter | 2218) 3325/1484 1370/1104/3179 2549 3984, 0) N. 42 aE fh Be
comm (| The year |12531|1'7698|2617 2792|2122|6645 7070)25515|...|N. 18 7.) 47
Spring 5 6] 5 9) 8] 25) 24 35 87 » 43,
Summer 31 36} 30 9) 13) 48) 27 40 a Btly/
Autumn 3 5} 13) 31) 31 60 4f Bey)
Winter 6 3) ii oleh = AKG) 82 62d
| The year? 131| 77] 6 153, 152 58 24 W..28
Spring 2 16 6 24) 51 77 2 W.'.40
Summer 56) 6 33} 35] 22 . 36
Autumn 1 41 35) 18 W..54
Winter 4 | 31, 49 83 W. .522
The year? | ... Be re oer ttl W.|.40 [ee
Spring | | 2 3 . 39 W.|.49 5 . 05
203. Summer | 6 202 W.|-25, - oO Pl eee)
Oum- Autumn : : 5) . 45 24 W.|.46 c -03
Theboul. | | Winter i} PA . 47 44 W.|.58 | N. 642 W.| .14
The year? “aps {lecoay || os -40 3 W.).44 seciegehe Al aes

|
|
|
1
|
|

=
is
©

SD
=
~I

Oran.

2014.
Algiers.!

21a Cn A

In Ai i i

(No. 204.) City of Tunis, Northern Africa.
Computed from observations made during the years 1851 to 1854 inclusive.

Morning. Noon. Evening.

Time of |

the year. Direction of Ratio of Direction of Ratio of Direction of Ratio of

resultant. | resultant to | resultant. resultant to resultant. resultant to
sum of winds. sum of winds. ’ sum of winds,

73 » ee
-76 | Ct a All
.63 N. 24
45 can 4
.58 Ni) 32
AG N. 29
.36 . 34
58 i

66

73°
2
27
56
76
66
55
58
49
63
17
15

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November |
December

se) all
91 py iif
5 ay

TAT nA a aA ATA th Pe CP

AAAAAAAALAAAA
sf bt da fat bt tt

qqp herrea 4:

—S—-”6 =

SERIES B. ZONE 11. LAT. 35° TO 40° N. Aa

(No. 204.) City of Tunis.— Continued.
The published report gives the observations for the year 1854 only, which, with their resultants,
etc., are as follows :—

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE CoMPASS.
: a l Direction of Ratio of | Numberof |
N.E. or S. E. or 5. W.or| N.W.or resultant. resultant days. |
North.) betw’n| East. | betw’n| South.| betw’n| West. | betw’n to sum of

N.& E. 5. & iE. $.&W. | N.& W. winds.
Spring 17 35 10 39 U 31 15 44 | N.19°14/ Ww. .09 92
Summer 20 56 3 30 5 16 36 PAL ONG ey BEE TD 1 SAD) 92
Autumn | 12 | 29 0 | 20 2 | 88 | Ap OB | RO Se Wve |) ae 91
Winter 8 13 4 22 4 26 26 63 N. 68 26 W. | cals) 90
The year 57 7 8 Noo) We |

(Nos. 205 to 2082.) Greece, the Islands of the Mediterranean Sea, and
Southern Turkey.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Athens, Greece, by Dr. Julius Schmidt, for three years, 1859, 1860 and 1861.
Corfu, Ionian Islands, by D. Mackenzie, during the years 1846 and 1854 to 1859.
Janina, Turkey, by Major R. Stuart, for an aggregate period of 14 months, in the years 1866,
1867 and 1868.
Malta, for an aggregate period of between three and four years, from 1853 to 1859 inclusive.?
Syra, Grecian Archipelago, during eleven days, in the month of December.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, G2 influences. z
£3 >
A I JE Ale Be =
Place of | Time of the ga Og RS aes ¢ | Direction of | 25 : : }
observation, year. a4 ea By) oF | ac resultant. SE Direction. FS
aioe) |; Sel & lee lies laoe | Se ae 3 | ¥
5 fe] 2 |ae| 2 Ps] Breas Ze Els
Z\|22| alae) & lok) Flees a | 4
January 2] 8 Bf} ge) al 3] 3 5 93-4
February 1 Se ieela oe 2a eon Men aro. G | 844
March AN AE Pe Bol Bi eo ae aah | 93--
April 2 3 Wel he ae ey) I@) 90-4
May 1 5 3 5 il 7 |) @) || ala 93-4)
June Py Nb ond wi 2 1 4; 4] 8 90-44
July 6 5 Pi) eh |e al 3 if ab) 1 93
205 August 2 Ss 2) Bip & | |) lo 93
Malta September, 3} 6] 2] 2] 1] 3]; 1) 12 90.
? Odes | Ail BiG) Bi 4 Bil ey 9344
November; 1 2 5} 4 2 By Bi l@ a 90-1}
December) 2 3 1 3 2 8) 4] 8 denis outs eeds 208 en 93-4)
Spring 5 | 12 GO) LOW 4) 8) & |) sx . |N. 41° 21/ W.|.28 -O7 | 276
Summer | 10 | 20 6 S|) 8 |) 10 7 | 28 N. 16 .|.o2 15 | 27641
Anibumany 1G ee TONLE Ge 27 N. 36 eld -07 | 27341
Winter By) UE a 9 6 | 20 | 10 | 19 N. 82 V.|.16 113} 270.
(| The year | 26 | 57 | 30 | 38 | 20 | 51 | 32 |106 N. 38 -|.21 n (L095 si
(| January 5 8 Gaby a 1 I 2 oOo 8 155
February | 5] 4] 8] 4) 1 OW PAW Bole i 00 141
March Bi) | 8) By ff a BN Bh ys al 22 155
April 4| 4| 5 CBN Bl AW ee a oa0o8 150
May 6/ 4) 4] 9 1 Hava 4; 1 aoe 155
June WW Bp BN FEW TL Te ek hd ok * 150
July Si} i, 48 i a] dl Th) Dl 1 30 . | 155
206 August. Co Sy Gee Bil Od ee ih pC - | 155
Corfu.2 September) 7) 2] 5/ 7] 3] 2) 2; 2] 0 500 .. | 150
F October 6) 8 Hele ted) Al AL PBT a) cenconate ea || ab
November 4 5 6 6 2 TL |e Bal Gi 0 ci a8 dsp) 1a)
Deceminge |) CN ZO WN A QB Pe eB ih osseroccnens benlialob
Spring | 22 | 15 | 19 | 52] 13] 9} 11 | 22) 38. 76 35 B. |.21 |S. 8} BE. | .07 | 552
Summer | 36 | 13] 16) 30) 9 9/16 | 39] 2)N. 5 34 W.).21 | N. 49 W.| .28| 552
Autumn | 22 | 15 | 22 | 64| 10/11} 10} 19] O |S. 73 18 EB. |.34 |S. 47 E. | .18| 546
Winter | 20] 22 | 26] 53| 8| 7] 8} 26] 1 |N. 85 46 EB. }.28 | N. 85} EH. | 08) 541
(| The year 100 | 65 | 83 [199 40 | 36 | 45 |106 | 6 |\N. 83 36 HE. }.185) ....... ww. {2191

1 See Hunter’s Travels in Upper and Lower Egypt, vol. i. p.
2 The monthly results do not include the year 1846.

56 April, 1875.

449 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 207 to 208(a).) Greece, ete.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

&W.!

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. the year, Direction.

W. or be-
tween N.
variable,
atio of resultant
to sum of winds,

W. or be-
tween S. & W.

Calm or

Ss.
N
| R

E. or be-
tween N. & BE,

w | Number of days.

December 2 0| 0 |N. 49°59/ B.??).'74

Syra.
Spring § Z 26 |S. 68 41
Summer : » | 3 ~ 4 53

| Autumn | IN. 18 2
Winter 3 2 P y iS. 38 47
Woe pasyhes Wh Gee. If cee || oa WW ee |) oA, I Gos I) ced Pos | aan. WG EE cal

|
J
208.
|
( Spring 8 y -. |S. 70 35 7. -2! | 8S. 37° W.
|

Janina.

| Summer 3 y 3 | 2 ... \N. 34 20 E. |.12 | N. 84} E.
| Autumn 5 2 | Pra . 47 38

Winter 2 .. N. 12 58

The year 3 33 | BI PAT eee oN ey OB

208 (ur).
Athens.

1 Computed from Hae resultants for the s seasons.

(Nos. 209 to 214.) ree in Asia.
Observed at the following places, viz.
Aleppo, Syria, Capt. James Capper, from Sicuenilian 1747, to September, 1749, inclusive.
Cesarea, Palestine, from Oct. to Feb. of the succeeding year inclusive; date not preserved.
Erzeroom, Armenia, during the year 1836.
Mosul, Mesopotamia, from February, 1854, to December, 1855.
Smyrna, Asia Minor, by Rev. N. Benjamin, from September 5th, 1843, to June 25th, 1844.
Tarsus, Asia Minor, from August to November inclusive; date not preserved.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

|

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant,

observation, the year. Direction.

to sum of winds,

E. or be
tween N. & E,
tween 8. & E.
tween N.& W.
Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

N. W. or be-

S. W. or be-
tween 8. & W.

N. E.

8. E. or be-

(| Spring
209. Summer
Smyrna | Autumn
a Winter
The year?
210, | August
Tarsus. Autumn
211. | Oct.& Nov.
Cesarea. Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn

- 86° 7/ KE.
26 58
66 31
82 45
81 49
9
30
2
5
24
45
7
46
28

FANE NS La aa Sl ah ea

oun
bo orb bo
eho

i
oO

wo:
09 505

bo

Se ene ee

i
a
ono

oo
bo

212.

=
Wa

The year?

cots Winter j IE

! The followtng remarks by Capt. Capper, descriptive of the geographical position of Aleppo, and the local
influences by which it is surrounded, accompany these observations.

“Built on the edge of the great desert, which lies to the E. N. E. and S. E., the sea, with the mountainous
country and the Black Sea being to the N. and N. W.; the mountains of Armenia, Mingrelia and Circassia to
the N. by E. and N. N. E.; and the deserts of Arabia to the 8. E., with the mountainous country on the coast
of the Mediterranean Sea to the 5, In the cold months the temperature near Aleppo will.be much higher
than that of the countries to the N., and consequently the current of cold air will move towards this place
from the frozen mountains of Caucasus to restore the equilibrium. In the hot months, on the contrary, the
land in all the surrounding countries is much hotter than the sea, therefore as the air over the desert to
the E. at this season will be much rarefied, the nearest body of cold air will come from the sea to the W. or
from the Black Sea to the N. W., to restore the equilibrium; but at other seasons the wind will be more
variable, for the temperature of the land and sea being nearly equal, that is, about 56°, the current of air will
move different ways in the manner specified in the table.”

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SPERRSIGER SBE ZONE I PAST 35° WO 40° Ni. 443

(Nos. 213 and 214.) Turkey in Asia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon |
Dirreren? Points oF THE CoMPASs. + | influences, | ;
mee Oly Time of the e3 4 22 2a 6 | Directionof | 265) __ 1s
H E b year. BIZ oth Han ise || te resultant. = ¢)| Direction, i gs,
eagle |23) 4 lee) = |es| ee ee é| 2
5g |e) = |e) SES] & |Fs| es Eo g| &
222) a |me| a lie! F |\22167 [a | 2
(| Spring 15 | 4) 34] 5] 0} 3) 38] 18 | ... IN. 26°387W.| 24]. 802 Ww. .09! 92}
213. | | Summer 4] 6) 42) 5 0} 3) 20) 10). IN. 64 52). ) 2251'S) Gx nm 9G | 92
Evzeroom. (| Autumn | 10) 3) 22) 2) 0} 3 | 36] 24)... IN. 49 9 W.) .39|N. 78 W. .28) 91 9
Winter 9 | 14] 18 5 Ze) ey lsn|) Asi ecu Na43) 50) Bei) a2ssNe go) Bet O40) 90)
[| The year | 38 | 27 116 | 17 2 11 |107 | 56 IN. 5 33 W.] .20
f| January 7 6 | 12 7 6 i 4/10 3 Beer F
February 4 6 | 14 | 12 4 2 5 | 10 1
Mareh 4/ 5 ® |) 4) So 3) 8) @
April 1) 2 A | all Sj al a) oO 2
May iy |) alah 3 2] 5 1 1/20] 4}
June 9) 8 0 0 1 4 33 4 3 |
July 6 Gi gy al 1 1 8 | 11 6
214 August 16 6 il 1 3 Gj} 25 I) ale 1 ‘
Mosul { | September} 18 5 2! 2 ey 2a Bl Be 2
a October 10} 42 Oh Wo We Bl Bap |
November| 8| 3] 2] 1 Gy Ay) 2 we) ©
Dagmar} if | Bll 4 TO Ga ab By Welt © Ile cebccsesscas oe
Spring Bl | 18 | 10 | Wy | 16) i) 2 Be) Be BW glean
Summer | 31 | 20} 4) 2] 5} 13 | 15 2] 10 |N. 27 36 W.|.444
Autumn 36 | 12) 4] 10) 14) 12 7 | 46 8 |N. 30 57 W.|.37"
Winter 18 | 15 | 30 | 26) 16} 4/12) 27) 4 IN. 67 18 EH. | 18
l| The year! relapse seal laceenalines: O06 N. 17 29) We|227) |

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 215 to 221.) Southern Trans-Caucasia and Northern Persia.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Aralikh, Trans-Caucasia, during the year 1852 and part of 1853.

Astrabad, Persia, during the years 1852 to 1856 inclusive. The observations were made on the
island of Ashur-Ade, in the Bay of Astrabad, by officers of the Russian Naval Station.

Lenkoran, Trans-Caucasia, from December, 1851, to November, 1853, inclusive.

Mt. Setr (Ooroomiah), Persia, by Rev. David T. Stoddard, from April, 1852, to March, 1854,
inclusive.

Ooroomiah (probably the same as Mt. Seir), Persia, by Rev. Justin Perkins, D.D., for the
author, from January 1 to June 18, 1848, and from November, 1849, to November, 1850, inclusive.

Tabreez, Persia, for the author, and through the agency of Rey. Dr. Perkins, who kindly in-
terested himself in the matter, by George A. Stevens, Esq., from September to December inclusive,
in the year 1850.

Tehran,’ Persia, from February to May inclusive, in the year 1850.

' These observations were made at the request of the author, through the kind agency of Rev. Dr. Perkins of
Ooroomiah, and under the direction of William Taylor Thompson, Esq., First Secretary of the British Embassy at
Tehran, by Joseph Reed (also connected with the embassy), from February to May inclusive, in the year 1850.
Dr. Perkins, in communicating the observations, remarks as follows :—

“Properly to understand these phenomena” (7. e. the winds at Tehran), “it may be well that you have in
mind the local situation of Tehran. Iwill copy a reference to its situation, penned on the spot when I visited it
several years ago: ‘The local situation of Tehran renders its situation extremely warm, and hemmed in as it is
on the north and east by naked mountains, which tower some 5000 or 6000 feet above it in the rear, and the vast
extent of arid land in the two opposite directions reflecting the heat in summer like a burning desert, the city
cannot be otherwise than like a great oven during the warm months of the year, not taking into account at all
its relative elevation, which is much less than that of Tabreeze and other cities of Azerbijon.’

““T may add to this notice that the Caspian Sea, lying some seventy or eighty miles north of Tehran, though
separated from it by a lofty range of mountains, doubtless affects the character and direction of its winds,
and still more probably, the immense salt desert that skirts the plain of Tehran, some fifty miles southeast of
the town.”

444 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 215 and 216.) Southern Trans-Caucasia, ete.— Continued.

Kind of Time of the
observations. year,

North.
N. by E.
N.N.E.
E. by N.
East.

E. by 8.
S. by E.

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
The year

ee

Pee pp |

215.

Ooroomiah.!

PIB bo Rw Ob 0

—
a

RDmMHOW KN RR Wee
CORR SCOSOSSCONHOCOH-
FRWONDNWOrMmmwan

sooococoorcsce
TSOCONOSCrH OOH

Web bhoo

ob

=

CONF OCSCOAAENOFRS
w

ore)

iv)
FPOrROCSGNNWRARSS
lor)

o

Direction of
resultant.

W.N. W.
W.
.N.W
N. by W.
variable,
Ratio of re-
sultant to
sum of winds,
No. of days.

IN
N
Calm or

|
|
|

44° 25’ W.
60
56
44
56
. 62
70
- 56
84

January 6

February 13 |
March 15
April 10
May 12
June 10
July 10
August 2
September 12
October 34
November 20
December 6
The year 150 89 |44 2 15

bo

SRI MOTO OE
WEAOCONOWDDMH AG

Ooroomiah.!

BPOCOCOFPNWWNHH

a
EPROM RORDWHHH mw

bo

. ol-
75

moocoocooocoocecor
Aan AA thn we tn

for}
_
ioe)

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

i}

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. the year. Direction,

N. E, or be-

tween N. & E.

S. E. or be-

tween 8S. & E.

S. W. or be-

tween 8. & W.

West.

_N. W. or be- :

tween N.& W.
variable

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Spring |S. 65° 43/ W.| .4¢
Summer
Autumn
Winter |
The year reill| 26

co Sb bo
eekee

IS. 61 38 W.|.

1 Dr. Perkins, in communicating these observations, gives the following description of his plan of observa-
tion, and of the local influences to which the winds are subject.

“My residence is on the northeastern declivity of a high mountain. This location may, perhaps, affect the
direction of the wind here somewhat, though probably not a great deal. There are, however, some important
local causes affecting the winds in this province, which I will here state. About once a month, ordinarily, we
have a strong wind, often violent, from the west, which is the simoon or samiel, from the Arabian desert. It
usually continues about three days ; and though its noxious properties are much neutralized by its passage
over a distance of hundreds of miles, and across the high snowy Koordish Mountains, it is still a warm wind

j (often hot) here, and very debilitating to men and animals. And it is often so dry and hot here as to wither
and crisp vegetables. . . . There is ordinarily, particularly in summer, a morning breeze, lasting two-
thirds of the day, from the Lake of Ooroomiah, which is about fifteen miles east of us ; and an evening breeze,
continuing through the night, from the Koordish Mountains on the west. . . . We have also occasionally
(once or more in the course of a month), a warm south wind from the hot plains of Mesopotamia, the nearest
point of which is about a hundred miles distant; but.this wind is distinct from the simoon that comes to us
from the Arabian desert. At intervals of a few weeks, and sometimes oftener, we have also a cold invigorating
wind from the north, which comes down from the mountains of Ararat.

“The daily lake and mountain breezes continue during the warm part of the year with great regularity, ex-
cept when interrupted by the simoons, usually once in four, five, or six weeks. During this part of the year

j there is also much uniformity in the weather, a cloud seldom appearing in the sky.”

2 Mr. Stoddard, in communicating these observations, adds the following remarks :—

“In the summer we have a regular land and sea breeze, the wind coming from the mountains west of us
during the night, and from the lake of Ooroomiah, which lies to the east and southeast of us, during the day.”

(Nos. 2163 to 221.) Southern Trans-Caucasia, ete.— Continued.

Place of
observation.

217.
Aralikh.!

218.
Tabreez.2

219.
Lenkoran.!

220.
Tehran.

aS SS

221.
Astrabad.

—_—

SERIES B. ZONE 11. LAT. 35° TO 40° N.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. q2 influences.
: ; £5 — 5
ata a A LE ale a
Time of the $3 oa £8 25 | 6 || wacwion | 5) %
year. : BE Ba) | Ba be =5 of resultant. sé Direction, : B
a a : Bly) es eta [Weis Se| |) Se oa v
5 AS) jas] Slee) BES | ee 9 Bales
2 |26|/ A |s2| a |nt| F leels e a | 2
Spring Es sto! rece a S. 58°54’ Ww.) 47/5. 22° w.| .10
Summer ob 00 oo nee 8. 89 13 W.| .35) N. 5 B | 14
Autumn ake Ron |) ean 0 8. 61 34 W.| .37)| 8. 484 B. | .05
Winter MS oss coeell seeeeal cee ere 8. 64 1 W.}| .44) S. 354 w.| .06
INH) SEL |] cee. | cco. |] coo IP eco ceo] eco. I} cot lt coe Hl coe ISG GE Ba al 25
Spring 8 | 14 | 40 | 55 | 14 By) 23) 25) GO-S% Bul OR WB HW cobankecs 92
Summer We |) 1G} |) BS} |) 25) 6 7 | 79 | 34 | 30 |N. 47 37 W.| .14 92
Winter 312) 26) 32 7 | 10 | 27 | 21 |132 |S. 38 19 E | .05 90
September} 2] 8 | 44) 4] 0} 4/ 19 || al otoden coo tc an 30 |
October 5 By |) 7A 1) 86) 7 2 | 43 Ais) osc 31 |
November| 2 @ || B40 |} al 7 1 | 47 BN ec 30 |
December | 0] 0/33] 4] 9] 4] 48] Oo]... ve 31 |
Autumn 9 | 11 /100 8 | 14 7 |109 | 14 1 pcbooue ie ee 91 |
Spring 3 | 43 | 26 | 79 | 28 | 52) 14] 11 | 11 4 36 -30 | 92 §
Summer 4: || BH) || 2D |) ie} ) Bis |) 48s || IB} |) 1 | Si ISR Ba) Toh |) -28| 92 f
Autumn | 17 | 57 | 34] 11 | 3] 60 | 24] 49 | 18 IN. 26 8 W.] .15 22) 91 §
Winter 33 | 47 4) 14] 11 | 54 | 44 | 60 0 IN. 57 23 W.] .35 40} 90 }
The year | 57 |182 | 84 |177 | 77 |209 | 95 |132 | 64 |S. 1 21 BE. | .07 Sn |} Gay:
February | 12 | 12 5 a 2 | 18 Gl 2B] eos Seles iesreae Be 28 ff
March 4 6 3 | 10 8 | 29 | 17 | 16 as 31
April 4 5 0 6 4 7 | 50 | 14 30 |
May 1 4 Hy) dil |) We) || 82) 28 2 31 |
Spring ) ay) ZEN) ee Sl OO BHF | Sco 2
January Lu || OG 4 ]) oat ZB Il BI
February 5 4 5 1 1 Ai BD i 4
March 6 3 3 2 0 3 6 5 3
April 5 2 3 1 0 2 9 4) 4
May 4 il 1 0 il 3 | 10 6 5
June 4 1 1 0 1 4/10] 4 5
July 3 0 1 0 il 4/12 6 4
August 2 0 0 1 0 8 | U6 6 4
September] 3 1 1 ] 1 | 10 6) 8
October ba Na PAI SOB Mig} 5 4) 5
Novaya} 8 | By Ci Al Wi Bi Ba wy By
December] 2 5 6 4) 1 3 a, 5
Spring 15 6 7 3 il 8 | 25 | 15 | 12 |N. 52 55 W.| .88] N. 44 W.| .13
| Summer 9 1 yl Ih 2} 11 | 37 | 16 | 13 |N. 78 41 W.| .58|S8. 86 W.! .36
Autumn 10 8 | 12 5 4b} al pay al) 1B, BE Be Wy! G11 Se GL Th, |) AN)
Winter 11 | 14) 17 9 3 4) un 5 | 13 |N. 53 42 KE. | .19|S. 86 BE. | .36
The year | 45 | 29 | 38 | 18 | 10 | 37 | 90 | 47 | 51 |N. 57 28 W.| .25 |

follows :—

! Dr. Perkins, of Ooroomiah, in communicating these observations, remarks as follows :— i
“At Tabreez, across the lake, which is about 70 miles distant from us (in a direct line), and uearly east }
from Ooroomiah, there is daily a strong wind from the Caspian Sea, which is about 150 miles northeast from |
that city. This wind is very invigorating.”’ 4
? For the year 1853 only, Chevalier Kahnikoff makes the directions of the resultants for the year 1852 as

Spring. Summer. Autumn. Winter, The year.
Aralikh, N. 59° 42/ W. N. 54° 19/ W. IW BS bile N. 46° 59/ W. N. 57° 52’ W.
Lenkoran, N.58 3 E. Bb WB Vi" 5. 81 38 W. 8. 75 4 W.

(Nos. 222 to 224.)
Observed, without formal record, at the following places, or in their vicinity, viz. :—

N. 12 38 W.

Central Asia.

City of Bokhara.

Kara Korum Mountains, Thibet.
Leh, Ladak, Thibet.

Merve, Southern Turkestan.
Shurukhs, Southern Turkestan.

Yarkund, Chinese Turkestan.

446 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

.
(Nos. 222 to 224.) Central Asia.—Continued.

No. 222. Merve and Shurukhs. Sir Alexander Burns, while travelling between these two places, but nearer to
the former, on the 31st of August, speaking of the whirlwinds which are of frequent occurrence in
the desert west of the Moorghab river, says: “ They appeared to rise from gusts of wind, for the air
itself was not disturbed, but by the usual north wind that blows steadily in this desert.”

No. 223. City of Bokhara. Chevalier H. Kahnikoff, who spent some time in this city, in the years 1841 and 1842,
remarks as follows, in his work on Bokhara: ‘The most prevalent winds blow from the north, and
more especially from the northeast ; they are so constant that during the eight montlis of my stay at
Bokhara, I do not recollect that the wind blew more than ten times from the south.” [Quoted by
Humboldt, in his Asie Centrale. ]

No. 224. Kara Korum Mountains, Leh and Yarkund. The experience of a native of Ladak, while travelling from
Leh to Yarkund, over the Kara Korum Mountains—a journey of 60 days—is narrated by Sir Alex-
ander Burns, who says that leaving Leh late in the month of March, and reaching the mountains in
April, he was detained there “a whole week”’ by the “violence of the north wind and the drifting snow.”

(Nos. 225 to 228a.) Northeastern China and Japan.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Chefoo, from Nov. 1866, to Feb. 1867, and from March to August, 1869, both inclusive.

Pekin, by the Jesuit missionary, Gachkevitche, during the years 1757 to 1762 inclusive ; at the
Russian School, during the years 1844 and 1850 to 1855 inclusive; and by the Archimandrite, Drs.
Palladius and Fritsch, during the year 1870; and from February, 1871, to January, 1872, inclusive.

Yokohama, by Dr. Gratama, sixteen months, December, 1869, to March, 1871, inclusive. (Jan-
uary, February and March, 30 days each.)

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 4a influences.
3 | = = ae a
Place of Time of 22 da oy | gy | Direction of | 85 fe 5
observation, | the year. Be Fee onl be | 8 resultant. | ¢ | Direction, s
ZS | es A |S | : ; os os . v
4/8 : Sas} || ds! BAS eS satel | a on v =
BAO] a |Ho| 3 /Eo| 8 |Fol|as Ee | &
e\ieel\ a loe| ow |uc| = leZel6 ee BE] z
225. Noe lea aa | |
Pekin, The year | 599] 561) 285, 428/1477| 121) 127) 415) ... |S. 22° 4/B.|.32 | ......... w 12191
1757-1762. | Ibs el
( January 26) 15) 7 9 19) 34) 0) 106) 63.N. 50 22 W.).35 31
| February 23| 21 5 6] 24) 46) 11) 70) 54N. 68 55 W.).28 29
| | March 28] 16) 13° 27) 66) 39) 8) 34) 285. 18 12 W.).20 31
| April 30} 16) 14 27] 66) 40) 8 33) 178: 17 20 W.|.20 30
| May 26) 27|| 12) 25) Bil) 35 3} 42) 205. 10 46 W.|.19 31
226. June 25] 38] 16 34) 67) 28 4| 30) 22/8. 30 7 HK. |.17 30
Pekin, July 15) 26) 17 28) 81) 61 4, 15) 28S. 1 28 W.|.36 31
1844.1 August 30// 933 5} 30) 93) 43 0 9} 235. 9 5 E. |.30 31
September] 40) 23} 6) 19) 52) 39) 8 48| 238. 85 15 W.|.13 30
October 40) 25) 5) 20} 23) 32) 4J8| 66) 45.N. 48 37 W.).25 31
| | November| 53] 15 1) 7| 35) 27 0} 51] 79N. 43 32 W.)|-21 30
| December} 29] 21 4) 1; 18) 23] 0} 119) 62:\N. 40 43 W.)-44 31
|| The year | 370) 276) 105) 233} 625) 448} 64) 623 4645. 74 22 W.|.114) ......... --- | 366
227. (| Spring 168] 124) '76) 199) 465} 269) 55) 298) 2325. 17 14 W.|.24 |S. 104° E. | .18
Pekin, || Summer | 185] 188) 116 230) 452) 229) 32) 149 333. 16 10 E.|.18 8. 52 E. | .20
1844,’50 4 | Autumn | 212) 124 2 98) 283) 199} 70] 374) 480,\N. 75 2 W.|-144/N. 24 W.| .10
to ’55, and | | Winter 177| 120} 34' 67] 156] 206] 63) 592) 481/N. 54 17 W.|.30 |N. 322 W.| .26
"70 to 72, || The year |1328| 970] 485 1055|2455/1597| 380/2396|2320S. 64 21 W.j.11
227(a). Pekin, 1872. See Addendum at the end of this Zone. f
(| January 6| 0 (of at (jj) al Opel ens
| February C2 Le Ol 2s 7) 88
March 3 3) 1 1 7 44 2 5} 8
| April 3 3 2 3 6 44 2 3} 4
May ZA PA PA ei a a
June 2 1 4 6 6 1 2 38
298 July iy 5 4 2) 2| 2) 6
Chefoo August Or -@ yA a
: September] 3 Py OH Pal 0) 6) a2
December 6 0 0 0 2 1 4 10; §&
Spring 8 8 5 7| 20) 12) 6) 10) J6IS. 25 2 W.).15 |S. 25 BE. |.27
Summer 5 By Koy) G3) as} 6) 5} 6] 14)S. 30 33 EH. |.27 | 8. 42 E. |.463
| Autumn 3 2, 0 0 1 0 6} 9) 2/N. 42 56 W.!.70 | N. 37 W.|.50
Winter 18 y 1 2 9 2 9} 28] 19|N. 43 50 W.!.42 | N. 31 W.|.22
The year® A | | a. [N57 28 W.|.203
i | |

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

! Separate months for the year 1844 only.

SERIES B. ZONE 11. LAT. 35° TO 40° N. 447

(No. 228(a).) Northeastern China and Japan.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

N.E, or be-
tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
| West.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or
variable,
Ratio of resultant

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
228(a). August

fe 4 | September
Yokohama. Outouee

November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

a

ecooooororecy

ran
co bo bo
He

Rosco |

a

ae
ISS

Re
MowaTh oO Be oonpr cw

i

N. 32° 43/ E.
. 88 44 KE.
. 13 30 E. |.4:
. 8 44 W.).

- 19 32 EB.

TMASROM PROM ~TD

manscoorocoscooooooce

ws
ISwomorp

(Nos. 229 to 234.) Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180°.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 887 days collected and classified, from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of the

Direction of
observation. year.

resultant.

Ratio of resultant
fo sum of winds.

Calm or var.
Number of days.

229. Longitude
125° to 135° E.
230. Longitude
130° to 140° KH.
231. Longitude
135° to 140° EK.

}

}

232. Longitud
2. Longitude \
{

Spring
Summer
Spring

125? to 150° E. Autumn
233. Longitude
140° to 150? E.

234. Longitude
150° to 175° E.

Spring
Summer
Winter

Autumn

448 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Addendum to Zone No. 11, latitude 35° to 40°. N.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE AND FORCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE
CoMPASS.

&
is
ee
=

West.

4
| 3

Force. |

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

obs.

Force
Force.
Force.
Force
Force
No. of
Force.

to

January

| February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

shor

bo to bo bo
by bo bo to to

ate

pore po te pte pont

oS

WSOmINWwWWNW wm N=10 0

OMRON WORRENOWANLS

pO RO TOPO Sf

bo foto rte po be Po be boy ty

a
HOSCwWHOSoSooOMONoMNoos
WAWHWOSONHOSONWHehan
NFR RE UOCOWORFOCORPNaAGKEe
NPNNHPNNNPNNNENWNPtPb
RNWaThUMWRORiDnDOSWHRO
NNNNNWHNHKNE WD bw bc
NOW WwIWHeSeSUwWooannouu
99 RCo POUR RR Co 09 bo bo Po BB Co

oh O SWRI RR OSH RN Oo
PHPNHNWHNHNPl thw
AAaIaooaaach heHaTwwa
NPNNPNPNNPhnwnypy

t

Observations on the Atlantic Ocean, calculated by the Meteorological Institute of the Nether-
lands, under Capt. Cornelissens’s direction.

&W.

East of 159 W.
longitude.

Between 15° and
30° W. longitude.

Between
N.& E.
Ss.

Between
Between
Between
Calm.

Between
Between
Between
Calm.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer

Lat. 39°-40° N.
(No. of observa-
tions 2794.)

Summer
Autumn
Winter
Lat. 38°-39° N. {| Spring

(No. of obser- SEears
vations 2752

(No. of obser-
vations 3010.)

Lat. 39°-40° N. | Spring

RH

Lat. 38°-39° N
(No. of observa- A

a utumn

tions 2459.) | Winter

{
Lat. 37°-38° N | Bpnag

Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer

ee
VIODOAINAGENWPAWH Ra

Lat. 37°-38° N.

(No. of obser- Autumn
ey
vations 2309.) | | Winter

|
:

|| Lat. 36°-37° N { Spring
;

mmer
(No. of observa- Be 8

tions 2599.) eae

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Spring ,
Summer
Autumn
Winter

H

Lat. 36°-37° N
(No. of observa-
tions 3098.)

Summer
(No. of obser-

vations 2394.) aaa

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

a

Lat. 35°-36° N.
(No. of observa-
tions 3310.)

| Lat. 35°-36°
(No. of obser-
vations 1507.)

PATMDARWARATRAWwaAhwoowo
OOO EMNTISARRAMAARAWa

wmNoop pe

a

=

ne A a emer

SERIES Bo ZONE 12. DAM 30° TO 35° N. 449

ZONE No. 12.

LATITUDE 30° to 35° Norta.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at over
303 stations on land, for an aggregate period of over 892 years; at sea for over
27 years. ‘The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. No. of

SEAonG! Aggregate length of time.
Pacifie Ocean, 2000 5849 days — 15 years 9 months.
United States west of the Mississippi, 121 | 419 years 6 months.
United States east of the Mississippi, 134 | 349 years 6 months.
Atlantic Ocean, ..-. | nearly 11 years 9 months.

Islands of the Atlantic, 28 years 9 months.

Mediterranean Sea and Islands,

Africa,
Asia,

3 years 6 months.

7
Tha

14 over 35 years 9 months.
6 | over 55 years 8 months.

(Nos. 1 to 6.)

Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 14 ycars, collected and classified from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Capt. M. F'. Maury, Superintendent.

Place of
observation.

Time of
the year.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
Points OF THE COMPASS.

W.N. W.
Calm or var.

Direction -
0
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

i}

_Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Number of days,

Lone
150° to
165° W.

eeinds
140? to
150° W.

Meenas

140° W
if
|
L
f
|
1
|
L
i
|
L

135° to
4,

Longitude
130° to
135° W.

5.
Longitude
pel2b> to

130° W.

6.
Longitude
115° to
125° W.

Spring

| Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

p=
=)
ise)

rte

17, 78 170
15 74) 43
® BY

oo

io

14 53/ 44
11 65 100
10 108
10) 13) 2

Tew! Boat:

He

> ye 2
1 Sw-th:.

4376

45 131"
69 147
28 31

BH ow:
WhO:

13 6
76 44
54 101
14 40

wooo:

wore t

: eS) + b 2.09
Sei A

AAAZABAAAAAAAy
b

79° 36/ BE.

18
76

b < rte) C s)
ee lr- epee lclcte oot ltl pele

58 Wi.) 22

RMA Nini wins

PANDA WAN TA

Pia

=
{c}

tof tots}

57

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

April, 1875.

450) WINDS

(Nos. 7 to 14.)

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation. By whom observed.

Os AP Ta!

Aggregate
length
of time.

H Go Br:

California, south of latitude 35°.

Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon,

Camp Cady,
Drum Barracks,
Fort Tejon,
Fort Yuma,

m

6

Os.

1868 and 1869.
1864 to 1869 inclusive.
1855 to 1861 inclusive, 1863 and 1864.

1850 to 1862 and 1866 to 1869, both inclusive.

1847 and 1848.

1851 and 1852.

1852, 1853 and 1854.
1849 to 1866 inclusive.

Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon and Coast
Survey,
Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon,

Los Angeles,
Rancho del Chino,
Rancho del Jurupa,
San Diego,

1850 and 1851.
1864.
1864.

San Luis Rey,
Santa Barbara,
Santa Catalina Island,

|
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS PROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Time of
the year.

Place of

observation. Direction

to sum of winds.

tween N.& W. |
Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

N. E. or be-
tween N.& E.

| January

| February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October

| November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year? | ...
Spring
Summer
Autumn | 254
Winter | 198] €
Phetyear? || |) ee |e es | SR ea ee
January 92)
February 89
March 95
April 58
May 54
June 33
July 33
August 20
September 26)
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

ile
Fort Tejon.

1

. 88° 35! W.|.
8 W.|.5
14 W.}.29:
10 W.|.3!
26 W.|.2
; 54 W.|.203
51 W.|.2
21 W.|.
17 W.|.22

AO 'ATA

8 200
Fort Tejon | 300)
and Santa

Barbara.

nA RT

L
(
|
|
f

186
170
186
150
155
120
186
155
180
186
150
186
491
461
516
542
2010
215
246
243
271
975

oF
Drum Bar-
racks! and
Los
Angeles.

81)
20) 207]
86

. 67
52
48
. 59
3. 48
- js. 50
iS. 54
. 39
50

47
52
21
58
10
43
11
3
59
36

277|
“1
4

41
122

10.
Ranchodel
Chino and
Ranchodel

Jurupa.

L

' Surface winds and motion of clouds at Drum Barracks for 1869 combined.
2? Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SOLS WIGS 134) AO IS IB) WA, IAN BOS MUO) BO ON, 451
(Nos. 11 to 14.) California.—- Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
Difr.ksNT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ea influences. 2
ag = n
A 5 = Ee Be s
Place of Time of 22 oy 23 $3 | Direction of 3% | %
H observation. | the year. AZ Pa By} Be |e resultant. |. | Direction. ej
Sean ae clom | 2 leas lee lee oa g| 4
SVS SS | eee (Gee aS ae a |e
| 4)/A5|A |ws| wm |as) & | Ze lo cs Be | a
(|January | 63) 218) 202] 124) 68) 204) 163| 81) |
February | 180) 216] 131) 230) 69) 244) 195) 216 |
March 98] 197] 200) 203) 93) 274] 274) 160 |
April 63} 220] 188] 214) 157) 302) 237; 142
a May 49| 147) 155) 214) 171) 426) 233) 124
3 June 48) 148} 188} 245) 135) 494) 278) 113
= July 69] 178] 169} 192) 89) 469) 322! 118}
e August 62) 169) 197) 175) 104) 427) 328) 111
3 September, 63) 220) 243) 218) 84 393) 346) 172
October 92) 238] 257) 213) 123) 389) 330) 170
_| 3 November} 81) 245] 244) 268) 120) 259) 285) 145
2 3 December | 79) 230) 221) 224) 110) 261) 203) 180
2 | Spring 210) 664) 543) 631) 4211002) 744) 426) ...|S. 73°47/ W.|.17
A | Summer | 179) 495) 554) 612) 3281390) 928) 342) .../S. 39 59 W.|.26
ay Autumn | 235) 703) 744) 699) 327)1041! 961) 487) .../S. 32 32 W.).11
ee | Winter 322) 664] 554) 578) 247) 709) 561) 477) .../S. 49 7 E. |-01 |
a Shee er |) ceo |] gee: |] ceo [Peed |] cod II 300: |] 60 vee) | eeal=) 47 30) Weil d
ey (| Spring 626) 318) 207)2391)2579)3006/2864| 8020) ....N. 89 9 W-|-43
334 Summer | 159] 319] 106/1489)2240|2084)1702)10034) .../N. 73 1 W.|.51
oa Autumn | 120) 450) 153) 330) 628/1066) 878] 6055) ...|N. 59 12 W.|.624
2 A || Winter | 409] 195) 276)1884/1935)1758)1449) 4202) .../S. 75 47 W.|.334
IL |) Wane S7GE |! 020 | cco | aco |} cca |} aco |} Goo |} sap | -.|N. 77 31 W.|.454
12 (| Spring 979] 628] 587) 913) 681)1482) 991) 1171/2188. 66 16 W.|.18 |S. 8° BH. | .01
Steins || Summer | 420) 514) 663) 832) 390/1811|1082) 1103/256/S. 65 32 W.|.24 |S. 59 W.] .07
preston { | Autumn | 383] 921) 636) 954) 505)1587|\1166 1410)127/S. 78 27 W.).173| N. 23 W.| .03
Galina | Winter 599) 861) 639) 966) 574/1440) 911 1065/100'S. 67 18 W.|.115| N..744 E. | .06
F ) Uj) @beryear? |---|... |... | =. | c-- |... ||... «| ---(S. 69 15 W.|-174
(| January 1 LO | | eal Sie) TiO les tees acces oe 31
February O|} 4) 15 5 1 3) 56 Oo; 0 28
March 0 Bee) 0 1} 18). 0) 0 31
April 0} 12 gs; 64 1} 18) 70 2] 0 30
May OM Al as 1 0 8} 89 3} 0 31 |
June Of) OP a BLO a 0} 0 30 |
Jae o| of 7 4] 10] 14|/ 153/ 121 o 62
13. August 0} 0} 10) 7 25) 10) 145 0) 0 62
Camp September} 1 1} 10) 5) 18) 12) 138 0} 0 60
Cady.? October (cee ees eels ee | eae |) 0} 0 32 ff
November 0 6] 22 WB 9) 149 0} 0} 60
December} 21) 18) 28 9 5 6) 101 AZ| Nae acces x 62
Spring 0} 19) Sl 5) 2) 45) 219 5| OS. 84 22 W.|.635 24
Summer 0} 10), 8) 13.) 45) oite370 12| OS. 78 5 W.).78 154 }
Autumn 1} 41) 50) 23) 32) 26] 444 0} OS. 81 32 W.)-67 182
Winter | 21) 23) 53) 20 d\n) ila 24) o|N. 82 8 W.).424 121
[L]| Was sp@em® |) soo |] aco ff cop |} cee |] 20a. | ces |} eco 20s 5. 83 49 W.|.62 cory 549
January 272) 183} 78) 100) 101) 97) 203) 255 f
February | 207) 135} 85) 80) 63] 136) 180) 190 2
March 176} 149} 85} 128) 124) 173) 310} 213
April 118} 122) 89] 108) 148) 277) 275} 177
May 60} 68} 65} 150) 194) 266) 215) 108
June 50| 103] 75] 195] 283} 236] 198] so | |
July 50} 93) 119} 310) 280) 210) 107 42
14. August 76) 146) 193) 294) 290) 190) 122) 32
Fort September) 146} 195) 172) 201) 195) 202) 176 78
Yuma.? October 207) 270) 153) 143} 96] 182) 212) 162
| November, 256} 192) 108) 94) 70) 189) 234) 277
| December | 358] 243) 126] 81] 118) 139) 245 378| |
Spring 354] 339] 239) 386) 466) 716} 800) 498) ...\S. 71 35 W.|.25 |S. 454 W.| .11 |
Summer | 176) 342) 387| 799) 853) 636) 427) 154 ... |S. 36 10 W.}.36 |S. 10° W.} .29
Autumn 609) 657) 433) 438) 361) 573) 622) 517) ...|N. 27 3 W./.09$ N. 524 Ws. | .15
Winter 837] 561) 289) 261) 282) 372) 628) 823) ....N. 29 2 W./.303 N. 2} HB. } .27 |
(| The years |v. | ve | ve | ve | ve | oe ; S. 88 45 W.|.16 |
| |

) |! Observed at Drum Barracks, Fort Tejon, Los Angeles, Ranchos del Chino and Jurupa, San Diego, San Luis
fH Rey, Santa Barbara and Santa Catalina.

2 Surface winds and motion of clouds in the year 1869 combined.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

452 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 14(a) to 28.) Arizona, south of latitude 35°.
Observed by Post Surgeons, as follows :—
Aggregate
Place of observation. length of Date.
time.
yrs. mos.
Camp Bowie, 2 5 1867, 1868 and 1869.
Camp Colorado, 1 0 1869.
Camp Crittenden, 1 0 1869.
Camp Goodwin, 1 1 1868 and 1869.
Camp MeDowell, 2 8 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
Camp McPherson,! 2 6 1867, 1868 and 1869.
Camp Moore, 0 6 December, 1856, to May, 1857, inclusive.
Camp Skull Valley, 1 0 1867 and 1869.
Camp Verde, 3 6 1860, 1867, 1868 and 1869.
Camp Wallen, 2 ee: 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
Camp Whipple, 3 il 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
Fort Buchanan, oy ul 1857 to 1861 inclusive.
Fort Grant,? Jey lal 1860, 1861, 1866 and 1869.
Tubac, 0 5 1867, 1868 and 1869.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE << Monsoon |
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, oa influences. | y
rar Te z5 | 3
A a 1 5 ‘ = 3 2 | 3
Place of Time of the 2 2 or) 23 Sa 3 | Directionof | #% p , ene
observations. year. nie an a by | ue resultant. 3 g Direction. ae
Pesala CKO ete Wsercilllcocy |fisoiey | Se ge Sails
5/43) @ las| 5 |E3| 8 Fs | ge 26 5 | &
z|22) a |iS| a lab] B lzelS | url,
De Spring 4) 3 3} 20] 86] 94) 4) 59| 3 |S. 35° 49/W.).373| S. 30° W. -36 |
14(a). Summer 20, 14) 36] 26) 13] 93) 61| 10; 3 |S. 49 4 W.| |.333| 5S. 58 W. 114!
Camp | Autumn 29) -15| 69) 20 9} 51) 52) 28) 0 .JN. 89 11 -W.|.05 | N. 33 E. |.19 |
Colorado. | | Winter 14} 32] 21] 20} 18] 21| i4] 35] 83 IN. 16 10 EB. |.06|N. 39 KE. |-274!
| The year 67| 64| 129] 86] 126] 259| 131] 132] g9 |S. 46 22 w.|.22 Boefeticee a0
(| January 251, 7 2) Bit} 738) 6) ee BAl RO ee ace conecse (0 ool Raum sere |
| February 32) 2) 4) 50) 45) 50) 31) 40 a 85
March 40) 4) 3) 52) 56) 58) 38] 28 93
April 62} 3] 2) 38] 36] 67| 39] 23 90
May Ue) 5} 56) 78) 40) 61 4 | 393
June 108 9 9} 107) 203) 110 120) 50 | 120 §
July 49| 24) 28) 164) 211) 114) 102) 49 ; 124
Gane August 50} 34] 32) 143) 265) 136, 91) 24 | 124
| McPherson { September} 42) 33] 20] 188) 151) 124 87) 49 120
j and Skull October 118} 47] 12) 128) 126] 125) 53) 109 | 124
Valley. November} 77} 18] 13) 138) 185) 131) 68) 51 / 120
December| 35) 18 8} 32) 72) 52) 30) 29 | 93
Spring 109 7| 10] 146, 170) 165) 138] 55 Ss 276
Sunimer | 207) 67) 69) 414) 679) 360 313) 123 Ss | 368
Autumn | 237) 98] 45] 454) 462) 380) 208) 209 8 | 364
Winter 92) 27) 14) 119) 155) 178 85) 139 iS) | 271
NG vy.e arsl| feel!) eg meee lta | ee eel eee iS) 1279
(| January 27) 10) 16; 8} i) 21) 59) 14 | 62
"February | 20) 16 7) 5 2| 29) 70) i | 85
March 13 9) 13) Ml 10} ALG} 70 6 62
April Use si Wl MPA SYO tefay 60
May 34| 13) 14 8) 16) 68) 53) 24 93
June 22 8 2 1} 22) 48) 82 § 90
July 24, 2| 4) 16! 46) 59) 53] 15 93
16. August 27; 15) 8} 13) 41) 30; 42) 11) ... 93
f Camp September| 16 7| 14) 8) 26) 43° 52) 44! ... Pa), tt)
| McDowell. | | October 50} 14] 21) 23] 52) 42) 20] 98) .. | 124
| November] 113} 32) 13} 25] 19| 17| 39) 5) . | 120
| December | 101) 17} 30) 6) 10; 9) 77] 6 e Ea | 93
Spring 60) 25) 31) 17] 16] 114) 193) 37| S. 88 51.W.|. 215
| Summer 73| 25) 14) 30) 109) 137) 177] 34) ... |S. 65 22 W.|. . | 276
Autumn | 179] 53/ 48} 56) 97) 102) 111) 57) ... |N. 40 19 W.|. | 3864
Winter 148] 43) 53] 19) 13) 59} 206] 31 N152! 35) Wel 240
L} Phe year? | we | an | vce | oe | el Pace], eo] Jee 82 tO Wale 1095

' Camp Date Creek. 2 Yort Breckenridge. 3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 17 to 22.)

Place of
observation.

—)

17.
Camp
Whipple.

1s.
Camp
Verde.

SE }
Camps
McDowell,
Verde and
Whipple
combined.

Central j

Arizona.! |

I
Af
iG

21.
Fort
Buchanan.

A

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 30° TO 35° N. 453

Arizona.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE ComPAss. qa influences,
} £4 SSeS
J a iS i= ae g
Time of the 24 $3 i) 33 g | Direction of | 25 co
year. ni rae bay Se 1.5 resultant. <g | Direction. js
al Ses ) 4 || 2 $ , oa a é es
a = UR ; = | cs :& Se SA | es on °° oo
& |A 2| a /As| 5 |/BS|-2 |es ae Bo 5 5
A |25| A [we] alae] & laze lS cal aloes
January 35) 30 CH ie 2d tel etched Pek) pealBH eae Pca us a ip (eg | ay ea
February 28) 29 UO} I) Gi DB} ves
March 28) 18 4| 22) 38] 89! 25] 16
April 18} 13 Al I Ol), ly) ay) ayy
May VG lO Sle S|) oe 3|" “0
June 8) 15 0 i) Be 28) 5 6
July 1 2 2 Gi yl] BAR 0 3
August 11 4 0 6} 14 2 0 0
September) 8 8 ] 6 9} 14) 7 6
October 21 8 0} 14) GO| 56 2 12 Sis
November| 17] 13 1 (oS eG Oh aul es
December] 22) 11 0; 10 Oy) 12) 0 8 occnco ces ten ss
Spring 62) 41) 11) 46) 111) 150] 42) 33 8. 81°10/ W.| 34
Summer 20) 21 2} 13) 104) 58 5 9 5S. 58 6 W.).50
Autumn 46) 29 2) 27) 127) 96) 18) 29 5S. 27 2 W./.38
Winter 85} 70} 14) 42) 99! 195) 46] 34 S. 46 43 W.|.27
TNH) SEED Seat aces | rece ll sorter Messen | RR seh eel Fe 5S. 53 20 W.).35
Spring 50} 14; 37) 206] 62) 49) 20] 34] 173 BS. 00) 43) 2) 30
Summer 14; 20) 19) 448) 60) 47) 10) 11/ 109|/s, 39 37 &. |.65
Autumn 81) 29) 77 355) 150) 31 3 3 OS. 45 12 B. |.62
Winter 122) 94) 16) 100! 90 16} 7| 53] 138IN. 61 2 B. 174
LUNE SASS Ipsec: Ils Gee || ceo | Ceol accorullPemaal eceeenl Leeman IS. 46 47 B. 404
Spring 172} 80] 79] 269) 189] 313) 255] 104] 1733, 36 54 w.|.93
Summer 107| 66) 35) 491) 273) 249) 192) 54) 109 Seno See HDG
Autumn 306) 111) 127) 438) 374) 229) 132] 89 OS. 21 41 mm | 24
Winter 399| 207) 83] 161] 202) 270) 259] 118] 13 N. 67 41 W. lit
HENS) ACER | Bem Nhs Scal|l seemelth Geel |) etalon Paina eae Si 7 BG) W.|.232
Spring 281| 87) 89) 415) 359| 478] 393] 159] 173/s, 36 43 W.|.273) N. 88° W.| .07
Summer 314) 133) 104) 905) 952 602) 505) 177) 109/s. 8 21 W.|.393] Sb 13} Ie || oY
Autumn 543) 209) 172) 892) 836) 609) 340] 298 OS: 1 46 W. 253} 5. 70 E. | .09
Winter 447) 234) 97) 280) 357| 448) 344] 957| 138/15. 78 31 W.|.15 | N. 16 W.] .20
DIDS) EBT? IL oo Poa 056) I coon thle ull costal eo Peet ee S, 22 45 W.|.24
January 39] 109) 49) 23) 47) 65) 22/ 13 os Dade 29
February 23) 64) 77} 32) 56) 54) 91 12)
March 66] 53) 58) 49} 29! 103} 40] 93
April 19) 50) 43) 31) 47} 113) 50 ri
May 24) 38) 31] 36) 76) 109} 40] 18 :
June 19} 25) 52) 32) 67] 76) 70] 13 Fi
July 34) 36) 25) 37) 54] 66) 23 Al... whhaeis
August 29) 54) 48) 47) 56) 94) 32] 19) noes
September] 24) 43) 65] 66] 36] 93] 21 2 fore
October 31] . 70) 59) 45) 55) 27 3 OH cao Bro
November| 40) 59) 56 43) 56) 65) 16 UG), coc nocd <0: |
December} 48] 989] 43] 39) 33] 53 5 UW seoe Ecce wx
Spring 109} 141) 132] 116) 152) 325] 130] 48 S. 19 53 W:!.204 |
Summer 82) 115) 125) 116] 177} 236) 125) 29 S. 5 40 W.).2 4 33
Autumn 95} 172) 180) 154) 147) 185) 40] 26 S: 50-33 Ee |. 27 36
Winter 120; 262) 169} 87] 136) 172] 48] 32 8. 89 41 BW. |.22 361
TUS) SCENE Ml sens lease | cecil aren hueeeel|| Seem eerie Sh Bil BIDE || 17 1430
January 19) 14) 22) 15) 23 23) 37] 33) 1. seveeseesacs | ae.
February 43 2) 18 Giz) 249 30), 2 ee 250 Boo sale Bas
Mareh 26} 10) 25] 19} 14! 38] 40 14 ae as cod
April 15 4) 25) 15) 26) 28) 36) 31] .. | 5
May 15 3] 15) 23) 27) 34) 46) 23 6:
June Wy Beal} 18) 44)" 67) 9 30
July 39 9 5 0 @} ah) ¢ 1
August 24 1 5 0 0} 36) 21 6 3
September] 21 5} 27} 10) 54) 52) 8 3 j
October %| 26| YAl 14) 14) 39) to 2} oy
November| 36 9 8) 13) 23) 20) 58 14) j
December] 62/ 32] 37] 24| 42/ 93 31) 28 Moscone 93
Spring 56] 17) 65) 57) 67} 100) 1929 68) 8. 63 22 W.!} .25 184
Summer Gay UB Pe ale als IV5; 92) 16)... 1S. 84 14 Wi.) .39 122
Autumn 64) 40) 109) 37] 91) 111; 76) 19) 3. IS. 9 51 Ww. ally) 182
Winter 124) 48) 77| 48} 86) 70 98] 82) ... IN. 52 31 W.| .19 211
508.118 Goon, |fe “acer f RABE lineaetr | | 8S. 71 10 W.| .19 699

pre. Yeare'| hel Poncat | eteeel |isencenlls ace ct
ere ieee!

! Observed at Camps McDowell, McPherson, Skull Valley, Verde and Whipple.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

454

(Nos. 23 to 28.)

i Place of
observation.

|

camp
Wallen.

ee

South of

latitude
32°.1

Ge p
4 Goodwin.

26.
Fort
y Grantand 4

(
esp |
F

Goodwin.

Pee
H «=ovastern
Arizona.?

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. e2
== — — s S
s 8 E J | Be
Time of the 24 i3 eS 54 « | Direction of | £5
year. i<| ou | 20a 5A | ccs resultant. KE
POSH GH | se Werle || Sal) SS loz
5 |Re] = |ae| & IBS| & [Peles RES
YA We MN ela eee elm ees ice | he (e=]
January 5 13| 28} 4| 1] 16) 186) 26)
February 3] 15| 40] § Oj 12] 159) 18
Mareh Boo 06) e200 eel e209 feeo
April 0} 9] 16} 6} 2] 25] 198} 20
May 3| 5] 13] 3] 9] 45] 187] 14|
June 3| 1] 19] 6! 7 43/184) 7
July 2] 10] 30} "11 35] 29] 155] 7| .
August BA) Grd) Bei TB Zea Thai) adh ala)
September] 6] 15] 23] 9] 14) 23] 167] 13
October COW i all OG Tr) eral)
November 5 6} 23 3 2 8| 218 5
December 2} 10) 18 1 0 3] 235} 10 Beeeuedtaes me,
Spring 6} 20] 50| 3] 13) 77] 594] 65 S. 89°41 W.|.76
Summer 10] 18] 77| 30) 84} 83] 501] 25 IS. 75 10 W.|.58
Autumn 11) 24) 47/ 12) 16] 38] 556) 22 S. §9 9 W.|.724
Winter 10} 38] 86] 13) 1] 31] 580} 54 N. 85 29 W.|.64
Mhe nye ays, || /:-<00 || meee meee | |eceenl| ree= ta |miseen || eee lites S. 87 38 W.|.67
Spring 123] 180} 234] 125) 186] 531] 752] 126 IS. 67 57 W.|.354
Summer | 110) 169) 274 177) 311 411| 684} 66 |S. 48 7 W.|.292
Autumn | 140} 295] 340] 218) 225] 338] 670) 64 S. 48 16 W.|.144
Winter | 177] 386] 353) 151 273| 342) 692) 154 S. 78 33 W.|-124
LUNG see Ih pes: || cca] cas, |} aos ree Be S. 59 43 W.!.23
January 25| il ig| yl eulieiesl a Glee Bees Acc
February 9 (jy ey) EY) a ale) i] ee
March 13) 5| 6] 20] 46] 56] 25) 15
| April BH = Sy Ba) urn) = Sail Say) lat
May O) -@\ eal) “G)) LG) Wel) ay)
June 2| 8] 25] 19] 6] 14] 16] Oo}
July 2) 10) 27/10) aa) 88) 20) 6
August TG] | 3 |r| |e | TS |G
September} 14) 11 16] 19) 11 3 8 8)
October 13 9) 12) 18) 15 6| 13 |
November] 25] 9) 4| Jj 7 7 27 10
December; 33 4 5 8} 20) 10 8 5] Beer cist een ba
Spring 16] 6] 34) 42] 67} 89] 87| 26] S. 39 41 W.].43
Summer | 14) 32) 65) 41} 24) 31) 54) 15) S347 23: B|.25
Autumn 52) 29) 32) 38} 33) 16] 48) 25) INS Zine 9) Rees 07
Winter | 67| 14! 15] 33] 66] 31] 21| 23 S. 31 11 W.|.08
|The l-years) |) £eey'|, Senile ieezen [facto cee nee llaeee S. 30 15 W.|.10
Spring 72) 23/ 99] 99] 134] 189] 209) 94 8. 50 45 W.|.314
Summer §9| 44] 87; 56] 42! 146] 146) 31] ... |S. 69 31 W.|.19
Autumn / 116] 69/ 141] 75) 124) 127] 124) 44] ... |S. 1 41 W.|.09
Winter | 191) 62) 92) 81) 152) 101; 119) 105 N. 68 22 W.|.08}
Thexyeare ce. ||| cas l|lgeced ll aces 3 Saal esco Fy S. 57 24 W.!.15
January 7| 12) 48) 27) 60) 63) 27 0 ces caster eee
February 6} 26) 32 8| 14) 56) 23 6
March 310 zie 277) 19) 25 | 82s een
April 10} 26) 9) 12) 80) 38] 5] OF
May A NG Oh I a) SA Seah, oS
June 0} D2) 5 5100/28) ae
July 0| 1]. 25] 32) 14! 104] ,10) 0
August 8| 30| 63) 27| 36] 82) 24) 5
September} 4] 15) 75) 33) 46) 75] 19) 3
October 3] 35) 58} 49) 45) 70) d1) S| .
November] ~8| 16| 34| 20] 59} 89| 34 8 .
December | 13] 17] 73) 18| 52) 75| 28) 3) . se: 06
Spring 15| 39) 57| 36] 130) 206] 76] 3) ... |S. 23 55 W.|.50
Summer 8| 32] 109] 74} 65| 286] 62) 5) ... |S. 16 22 W.|.46
Autumn 15| 66] 167] 102] 150| 234] 64) 19 IS. 7 49 EY }.383
Winter | 26) 55] 153) 53i 126) 194) 78) 9 Sa ep eeedlncar
UNS) ETI eee Ml 255 || roa ||) eo |) S08 || ees |) el) => is. 9 30 W.|.41
Spring 199) 213) 332) 305) 454) 775) 471] 161 iS. 29 57 W.|.30
Suminer | 179] 192) 331) 246] 284] 668| 333] 65 S. 20 18 W.|.264
Autumn | 229) 307) 489) 347] 455) 557) 242) 100, S. 22 59 E. |.23
Winter 389] 419) 438) 297] 560) 569) 338] 23 S. 6 30 E. |-10
Mheryeare)|\ es |) ese)\|| <ee i peels aes S. 9 43 W.|.204
|

WINDS

O

KF

Arizona.— Continued.

THE GLOBE.

Monsoon
influences.

Dircetion. |

eathosT!
Brad

mo

ia tn
7 Se

Number of days.

Force.

“12166

1 Camps Crittenden and Wallen,

at Camp Crittenden.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 Fort Grant, Camps Goodwin, Bowie and Moore.

Fort Buchanan and Tubac; surface winds and motion of clouds combined

SERIES B.

(Nos 29 to 43.)

New Mexico, south of latitude
Observed at the following military posts by the surgeons in charge, viz. :—

ZONE 12.

LAT. 30° TO 85° N.

455

30%.

Aggregate
Place of observation. length of Date.
time.
yrs. mos.
Camp Rio Mimbres, 0 3 1864.
Dona Ana, 0 8 1851 and 1855.
Fort Bayard, 2 9 1867, 1868 and 1869.
Fort Conrad, 2 6 1851 to 1854 inelusive.
Fort Craig, 11 4 1855 to 1862 and 1865 to 1869, both inclusive. |
Fort Fillmore, 9 2 1851 to 1861 inclusive.
Fort McRae, 2 4 1864, 1865, 1868 and 1869.
Fort Stanton, 8 9 1855 to 1861 and 1866 to 1869, both inclusive.
Fort Sumner, 4 11 1864 to 1869 inclusive.
Fort Thorn, 4 4 1854 to 1858 inclusive.
Fort Webster, uh alah 1852 and 1853.
Fort West, 0 8 1863.
Los Pinos, 2 8 1863 to 1866 inclusive.
Socorro, 1 9 1849, 1850 and 1851.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE £ Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 5 influences.
g g iE Ee ae s
f §=6 Place of __‘| Time of the o3 o8 23 S32) 5 Direction of | #5 oe
# observation. year. ae ai Ry Bie wz resultant. Fi Direction. a
6 |)oa g | Sal & lea Ss 18 ae og a Pe)
5/8 2| @ lA Bee) #/Fo) ee 33 8 E
Z\26|/ a lié| alae) & lze/5 fe &| 2 |
January 33] 67) 2 |
February 15) 31) 14) 30 4) 12) 19) 46 | f
March 57) 31) 13) *18) 17) 23) 52) 66 | 93 Ii
April 46) 24) 13) 36] 21) 20) 48) 62 90 §
May 46| 28 8) 29| 25) 43) 53) 47 93
June 27; 10) 381) 41 9} 30) 67) 54 90
July 13/> 23) 62) 973} 16) 19) 17) 47 93 4
29. August 26) 49] 51) 54) 23) 24) 16) 36 93 |
Fort {| September! 18) 50) 35) 64) 13) 18) 22) 50 90 |
Bayard. October 42) 38] 33) 42) 14) 23) 40) 47 93 I
November| 29) 35) 14) 17] 8] 22) 13) 47 60 f
December} 15) 49) 30) 38} 11) 26) 49) 61 se eareanaesunes con 93
Spring 149) 83) 34) 83) 63) 86] 153) 175 N. 82°56! W.| 224 | 276 |
Summer 66) 82) 144) 168) 48] 73] 100) 13 N.88 4 H. |.09 | 276
Autumn 89] 123) 82) 123) 30] 63) 75) 144) ... JIN. 16 34 E. Ps 24:
Winter 43) 100} 52) 95) 25) 46) 101) 174) ... |N. 30 43 W.|.2
t ANS Spee ce MN g05 {I cpa: |]! edo Il cca |f! S00 ccc . |[N. 388 52 W.).
(| Spring 116, 37) 12) 15] 65) 181) 490) 161) ... IN. 85 37 W.
30. | | Summer 74| 166) 162) 98) 95) 112) 374] 101) ... JN. 86 11 W.
Fort {| Autumn 141) 145) 115) 95) 96] 185) 422) 354) ... JN. 68 55 W.
Thorn. | | Winter 165) 64) 28) 42) 75) 156) 480) 305) ... IN. 73 18 W.
[Line see | sso |} ote |} cc6 |] coo |] ceo |] cco I] “cco |} eco 5 No 7s} 8) i/o
| Spring 60) 20) 37) 17) 20) 97} 299] 160) ... |N. 78 21 W.
31. | Summer 54) 73) 64} 66) 63) 114) 167) 92 |S. 82 34 W.
Fort Autumn | 124 34) 3 26) 62) 49] 146) 213) ... JN. 65 40 W.
i Webster. Winter 122) 37) 19 “| 19) 34) 85) V7) ... IN. 39 8 W.
H Ming SOS! G00. |! 200, {| Sea NY 0co |} c00 | 209.11) 590 _|] “ea |N. 65 18 W..
32. (| Spring 377, 160) 123) 150) 241) 462.1071) 542 N. 82 6 W.
South- || Summer | 238) 311) 373) 335) 241) 362) 727| 354 5. 86 22 W.
western Autumn 368, 304) 236) 244) 208) 351) 715) 732) N. 61 11 W.
fh New Winter 330} 201) 99} 144) 119} 236) 666) 650 N. 60 11 W.
f Mexico.’ [| The year? |] ... | ... | .- |. | se 200) |p 00s Ne Gil 118. Wyole8 |] codese on

1 Observed at Forts Bayard, Webster, Thorn and West, and Camp Rio Mimbres.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

456 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. :
(Nos. 33 to 37.) New Mexico.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. et influences, <
Be B
lee i] Sol | al 32 =
Place of Time of the | 238 Pe 2) £3] g| Directionof |S5] <=
observation, year. BF eu Bo bz eI resultant. sé Direction. 5
i | ~ eae ef || pRare wey = 13) irs a a =
@ 48] 3 |oig| 3 Fs) 8 Fs) 28 Ze E| 2
2 |25| a |df| a lad] Fae |S Ea NZ
(| January | 271] 132) 58) 43) 122) 155) 112) 130
February | 152] 124) 35) 57/ 197| 178) 125] 127
March 103) 112) 34] 53) 222) 246) 122 126,
April 117} 125) 46} 60) 262) 253) 191) 120)
May 81| 75] 49) 90) 263) 250) 173 124)
June 95| 77) 52| 112) 212) 212) 71) 90
July 77| 127) 63) 142) 208) 198) 62) 76
33. August 117) 112) = 77| 110) 2:38) 236) 129) 117
Fort || September| 202) 112} 58) 93) 240| 268) 164) 143
Craig. October 289} 134) 53) 81) 242) 112) 159) 149
November | 303] 167] 60) 86] 163) 186) 147) 162
December | 395) 177) 46) 62) 139) 150) 166) 196)
Spring 301] 312} 129) 203) 747| 749) 486) 370) ... |S. 50°55’ W.).301
Summer | 289) 316] 192) 364) 658) 646) 262) 283) ... |S. 20 27 W.|.233
Autumn 794| 413) 171) 260) 645) 566) 470) 454 N. 71 53 W.|.15
Winter 816] 433] 139) 162) 458) 483) 403 453 N. 43 43 W.!.22
Aya EB etal os lesen] eco. |) See-alleorae |) Gss.||| Oe S. 71 24 W.|.16
| January 98) 935) 14) 7 42) 14) =s81) 438
February | 81] -40} 9] 5) 54) 18) 94) 15
March 52) 3h) 12) 9) 83) 20) 131) 10}
April 32) 18) 8) 5) 38] 22) 80 9
May 38] 32) 8] 3] 46) 26) 38] 6
June 16} 3] 21; 8 39) 6) 47) 5)
July 18} 23} 19) 3) 35) 18} 32) 3
34, | August 40} 15} 10) 12) 2 34, 24) 7)
Fort September) 21/ 31) 10; 6) 40) 30] 45) 12) |
Conrad. October 54) 65) 17) 23) 19) 32) 85) 53)
November| 65; 81} 13) 16) 26) 44 85) 3s
December] 87} 32] 24) 10) 51] 81) 63) 52)
Spring 122| 85) 28] 17) 167) 68) 249| 25] ... |S. 82 45 W.|.282
Summer | 74] 41] 50/ 23] 103] 58] 103) 15] ... |S. 51 50 W.|.16 |
Autumn 140] 127/ 40] 45) 85] 106) 215| 104) ... JN. 61 4 W.|.27
Winter 266} 107, 47) 22) 147) 66] 238/ 110) ... |N. 46 51 W.|.31
(i) Bboy ear? eo asl lesecgy) cco awed) | eeeetleeetl | momen! | eeen al NV emcaplemc imbue es
(| Spring 31} 45) 71] 47) 58) 126] 180) 35] 0 |S. 59 33 W.}.31
ore Summer 1] 24 53) 48) 21) 60) Gl) We) 4 |S: 9 2 Weiez
Fort | Autumn 15} 85} 90) 89) 35) 121) 62) 27) O |S. 27 27 H, |.19
McRae. Winter 30| 85] 55) 38) 34) 53) 81) 35) 0 |N. 4 20 W.!.04
[ The vyear® |! 20] ste|iennl| teaes|| cee deen |) eee | (etenen tI ecesh s| Simeet (iano a ke
January | 35] 24 62) 15) 3) 44) 322) 216
February | 30) 17; 41/ 23) 8] 86] 365) 177
March 9) 24) 59) 48 9, 99} 385) 152
April 17} 29) 94) 65 9) 114) 312) 136
May 39} 11) 124 85) 49) 83) 319) 82
June 2) 15] 109) 105) 22) 76] 184) 40
July 8} 14) 160} 61] 22) 54) 224) 45
36. August 12) 45) 144) 105) 46) 106) 166 56
Fort September, 26) 43 103) 64) 28) 97) 219) 114
Stanton. October 12| 26) 75/ 75) 19) 97} 206) 184
November} 35) 14 84) 55) 15) 69/ 250) 203
December| 34 11) 31); 15) 4 40) 394) 222
Spring 65) 64} 277) 198) 67) 296)1016) 370) ... |S. 86 30 W.).30
Summer 2} 74 413) 271) 90) 236) 574, 141) ... |S. 33 47 W.|.18
Autumn 73} 83, 262) 194| 62) 263) 675| 501 |N. 82 25 W.|.36
Winter 99| 52) 134) 53! 15) 170/1081) 615) ... |N. 74 26 W.|.67
DHSS SAT? Ile l| eee | (wenate| slensta| teed | exsal eased | ccseell uesctad Newer itp muvee tae
a ff [ Spring 519} 506) 505} 465)1039)1239/1931) 800) © |S. 69 50 W.|.33 |S. 42° W.) .12
§ O63 Summer | 386) 455) 708} 706) 872)1000)1000) 455) 4 |S. 25 29 W./.21 |S. 39 E. | .22
8; $a {/| Autumn /1022| 708] 563] 588] 827/1056|/1422/1086] 0 |N. 78 20 W.|.203'N. 22 E. | .07
O24) 56 || Winter |1211| 677| 375) 275) 654) 772/1803/1213) 0 |N. 61 54 W.|.35 |N. 22 W.| .21
au \| The year? |... | ..- | =. stoiPesag® Wate Hi sas §. 83 59 W.|.23 |
se) t Spring 7) 4) 7 33) 13) 14) 26) 34 S. 65 13 W.|.214|N. 70 E. | .07
pe| es ( Summer 2} 3) 21) 10; 16) 18) 35) 8 S. 41 43 W.|.31 |S. 23 E. | .13
aie B8 {| Autumn 2) 2) 17) 11) 14 21) 44) 6) ... |S. 51 52 W.).40 |S. 23 Wz.) .15
= |= || Winter 5} 11) 16; 6) 2 9) 40] 19] ... |N. 66 49 W.|.32 |N. 10 W.| .24
co || The year? & z rere ates . |S. 66 20 W.|-274
! Observed at Forts Conrad, Craig, McRae and Stanton. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 38 to 43.)

Place of
observation.

ae
Fillmore.

: anger |
New j
Mexico.!

40.
Socorro.

[

|
L

Los Fanos.
f

|

l

42.
Central
New
Mexico.?

43.
Eastern
New
Mexico.

(| The year

Time of
the year.

5 Tnyall eeentene
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year+
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

(| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The years
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

ZONE 12.

New Mexico.— Continued.

: ic

2?

Bi

Ea] a {>|
S las
mz \2e
112) 147
42) 108
26| 57
8) 59
20) 27
13| 32
8] 26
19} 11
9} 26
58) 93
97| 129
105] 155
54 143
40 69
164) 248
259, 410
57| 158
46) 113
164] 248
259| 410
526] 929
67| 47
31} 41
98| 16
169| 69
80} 62
19| 47
11} 20
6| 21
16| 8
oH 8
3)
@| il

a) A
32| 34
17) 5
43) 43
33] 49
124
52| 43
142| 152
100| 96
43) 45
150) 59
311] 221
98} 45
37| 44
15| 38
76) 64
A4| 38
19| 37
93] 14
i7| 14
29| 18
51| 19
25) 25
50| 18
135| 140
59| 65
105| 62
115| 107

S. E. or be-

1357|1356)1531

tween 8S. & I.
or
Ss

South.
e

24) 42) 66
76) 34) 89
116) 99) 116
110) 114) 141
144) 158) 165
122) 180] 128
164) 190} 153
209) 192) 184
119) 149) 122

78) 90) 96
46) 39) 74
46) 38) 80

370| 371] 422
495) 562) 465
243) 278) 292
146) 114) 235
396] 379) 468
572) 585) 536
243) 278] 292
146) 114) 235

93] 113) 67
130] 158] 96
35] 51) 43
46| 57| 29
21| 50) 50
33] 57] 37
36] ‘78| 64
27| 42! 30
70) 121) 36
26| 74) 52
28} 87) 50
13] 103) 51
37| G64) 50
16} 61| 48
66] 43) 55
23) 19} 10
133] 241] 130
67| 264) 153
119} 168] 153

29) 94) 97
48} 92| 54
58, 87| 85
42) 92| 93
35| 118| 77
58| 147| 83
70, 187) 67
40| 180| 76
53) 180} 111|
50| 153| 72
19) 122] 62
34) 93| 17
135) 297! 255

N. W. or be-

tween N. & W.

Calm or
variable,

LAT, 30° TO 35° N.

-

i cobecooootoocoooo: Fiiiit:ii:iii::iy:i:b:py:i:p: pt: rspar ey:

Monsoon
32 influences.
aq
ee
Direction of os
resultant. Se
ge g
22 5
ia ca
S. 19°17/ W.|.273
S. 2 26 W.|.47
8. 32 45 W.).
N. & 45 W.).
8. 15 4 W.!.
S. 18 54 W.). [13
8. 2 53 W.|.4: -28
S. 32 45 W.|. , |.09
N. 8 46 W.|.1 .304
S. 15 22 W.!.
8. 15 35 W.|-1:
S. 9 20 W.). ae
N. 52 59 W.}. onensos
Re © Br WroleSts| coscces
S. 86 10 W.|. anSc0o bo
Sarcoma) Vyinl noo cot 608
sb 8) BAA. pasans0dd
5. 8 14 W. Ml} caeceaene
N. 47 26 E. onbenbO
58. 23 9 W. popoea O60
S. 15 10 W. S. 154 W. |.063
Ss. 9 41 W. S. 65 W. -30
S. 26 49 W. N. 48 W.| 04
N. 11 47 E. N. 13} E. |.37
S. 14 57 W. coneceneo oo
S. .|-153
Ss. . jad
Ss. . |.08
Ss. «| 14
S. a

457

Number of days.

3349

153 |
184
121
180
638
124 |
85 |
124 |
60 f
93
60
62
62
60
93
90
62 |
277
184
243
271
975
430
368
364
451

1613

155
141
155 §
180
155
150
155
124
150
155
150
155
490
429
455
451

1825

! Observed at Dona Ana and Fort Fillmore.
* Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

58

April, 1875.

2 Los Pinos and Socorro.

3 Fort Sumner.

458

(Nos. 44 to 72.)

Observed as follows :—

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Texas, north of latitude 30°.

Place of observation.

By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of

Austin,

Austin Barracks,
Bastrop,
Bonham,
Boston,
Bremend,
Buffalo Springs,
Burkeville,
Camp Concordia,
Camp Colorado,
Camp Cooper,
Camp Hudson,
Camp Quitman,
Camp Stockton,
Camp Verde,
Chappell Hill,
Concordia,
Cross Roads,
Dallas,

Fort Belknap,
Fort Bliss,

Fort Chadbourne,
Fort Croghan,
Fort Davis,

Fort Gates,

Fort Graham,
Fort Lancaster,
Fort McKavett,
Fort Martin Scott
Fort Mason,

Fort Richardson,
Fort Terrett,

Fort Worth,
Franklin,
Gilmer,
Greenville,
Huntsville,
Jefferson,
Kaufman,

?

Larissa,

Long Point,
Mine Creek,
Palestine,
Phantom Hill,
Preston,
Round Top,
Springfield,
Tarrant,

Turner’s Point,
Union Hill,
Waco,
Washington,
Webberville,
Wheelock,

J. Van Nostrand & others,!
Post Surgeon,

J. D. Cunningham,

Prof. Solomon Sias,

G. Freese,

Post Surgeon,

Dr. N. P. West,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

W. H. Gantt,

Post Surgeon,

F. 8. Wade,

John M. Crockett,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

J. M. Glasco,

Dr. R. De Jernett,

T. Gibbs,

W. T. Epperson,

James Brown and J. T.
Rayal,

F. L. Yoakum,

M. Rutherford,

Post Surgeon,

Bruno Shuman,

T. A. Turner,

Dr. B. L. D’Spain and J.
M. Ewing,

J. Rayal,

Dr. W. H. Gantt,

Edward Merrill, M.D.,

B. H. Rucker,

CHORFRPOREFP NEP RP WH UF OCOrFRCOCONNh

a

RFPOCOREPWHH ONG RWhATh OH
ol

H

re ‘
Bee ROM WOWS WrbTWATOOFONTINODOAWNWW Pp BPOANOWOWFRNWNOURDOUTHE

RPRewNWNwae SOroCoNCrROND

amrocrhb

1849 to 1851 and 1854 to 1869, both inclusive.2
1851, 1852, 1861, 1862, 1866 and 1867.

1859.

1859 and 1860.

1859, 1860 and 1861.
1869.

1867, 1868 and 1869.
1856 to 1861 inclusive.
1868 and 1869.

1856 to 1859 inclusive.
1857 and 1859.

1860 and 1861.

1858 to 1861 inclusive.
1860 and 1861.

1856 and 1860 inclusive.
1866 and 1867.

1868 and 1869.

1859 and 1860.

1859.

1851 to 1859 inelusive.

1850, 1851, 1854 to 1861 inclusive, 1866, 1867

and 1869. ,
1852 to 1861 inclusive.
1849 to 1853 inclusive.

1854 to 1861 inclusive, and 1869.

1849, 1850 and 1851.

1849 to 1853 inelusive.
1856 to 1861 inclusive.
1852 to 1859 inclusive.
1849 to 1852 inclusive.

1852, 1853 and 1856 to 1861 inclusive. —

1868 and 1869.
1852 and 1853.
1849 to 1853 inclusive.
1860 and 1865.

1859 to 1861 and 1867 to 1869, both inclusive.

1860.
1854 and 1856.
1859.
1859 and 1866.

1858 and 1859.
1867.

1869.

1869.

1851, 1852 and 1853.
1859 and 1860.

1860 and 1861.
1859. =

1859 and 1860.

1861.

1857 to 1861 inclusive.
1867, 1868 and 1869.
1856 to 1859 inclusive.
1859, 1860 and 1861.
1859, 1860 and 1861.

' Dr. 5. K. Jennings, J. W. Glenn, Swante Palm.
2 'l'wo sets of observations in several of the years.

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 30° TO 35° N. 459

(Nos. 44 to 50.) Texas.— Continued.
a
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT PoINnTs OF THE COMPASS. 22 influences,
Ee 3
Ee E elma Fa =
f Place of Time of the 238 yes} 23 323 3 | Direction of | 25 S
jj) observation. year. Be Bn bop be | x5 resultant. |. | Direction. 5
. ° : ° Gi os o
| | - |e 2 a 9 Ravel |) esl oF 38 2
BBS) 2 las) 5 |Es| 8 |Fs| ee Zo BE | 4
4 |\2e| A ae | om lat!) & lees a & | 2
| Games 111} 113) 88) 65) 35) 105] 213) 226) 0
February | 71} 85) 171] 116) 66) 138) 215) 140) 0
March 49| 74) 97) 70) 66) 138) 185) 181) 0
April 49| 48) 72) 52) 37] 92) 180) 166) 0
May 78| 77) 55) 73) 54) 115) 150) 120) 53
June 27| 30) 69) 75] 128] 104) 166) 82) 65
July 58) 70) 161) 139} 119 121| 132] 85 0
August 143) 110) 159] 136] 84) 105) 109) 41) 59
ae Bliss. September] 132) 117) 166) 174) 71) 150) 72) 73) 69
October 156] 159) 183) 93) 45) 103) 141) 123) 56
November} 126] 114) 116) 84] 39) 113) 208) 205) 32
December | 190} 110) 102) 55) 27/ 102} 291| 231) 3
Spring 176| 199} 224) 195) 157) 345) 515) 467) 53\N. 79° 347 W.|.254
Summer | 228) 210) 389] 350} 331] 330) 407| 208) 124/S. 0 29 W.|.11
Autumn | 414) 390) 465) 351] 155) 366) 421) 401) 157/N. 4 42 E. |.10
Winter 372! 308] 261) 236] 128) 345] 719) 597 3\N. 57 23 W.|.293
AOE SEEN |) cag I) coo | ea |] G05 |) ‘cde IP cca I} cso IP cca loon. IPG ale! Oar Vell 183 secleseiose ee (3409
Spring 47| 36) 29) 74) 22) 74) 207] 185) ... |N. 80 34 W.|.40
Summer 18] 37) 86) 163) 93) 45) 56) 51] ... |S. 32 56 BE. |.35
aaa Autumn 43) 45) 36] 201) 53) 19) 93) 54) ... |S. 34 21 EB. |.332
W Quitman. Winter 125) 54) 24) 81} 18) 45) 201) 259] ... IN. 51 6 W.|.47
[| Fes) SES I Goat eect tl aaa II don sca: |} coo |} soa |Prodo Sb GIL BA Wolly) ceo ecacce ws. | 853
(| Spring 283) 289] 306] 326] 225) 541) 929) 738} 97/N. 81 6 W.|.293] N. 85° W.|.16
46. | | Summer 292) 273) 508) 556) 517) 450) 491) 313) 124/S. 7 4 E. |.15 |S. 393 E. |.234
Western {/ Autumn | 517) 492) 567) 594| 282) 432) 569) 493] 157/N. 28 30 E. |.06 | N. 824 . |.16
Texas.' | | Winter 559/ 412) 317) 345) 179) 4577/1063) 944) 96|N. 57 22 W.).33 | N. 44 W.}).21
| BINS 37 | cco |} ose |) coo |) coal ceo |} G40 |} cn |} cco | oo No 7G BS Wye] BH
(| Spring 86} 80} 46) 43) 127) 200) 106) 72] ... |S. 56 57 W.).263/S. 5 HE. |.05
47. Summer 45) 91) 78) 112) 111) 268) 131] 126) ... |S. 46 4 W.|.27 |S. 19 BE. |.093
Fort | Autumn | 201) 85) 55) 88] 187| 247) 196) 138 S. 77 22 W.|.25 | N. 224 W..|.043 i
Davis. | | Winter 161) 109) 67) 58) 143) 214) 201) 138 N. 89 56 W.|.242| N. 10° W.}.10 |2618 §
lglpelala eye air 28) ees Ico leet al|[ecese| Mesa tema ee S. 66 43 W.|.244)
48. (| Spring 130; 35) 31) 179} 437} 38) 82) 52 S. 5 15 EH. |.404| N. 723 E. |.015
Fort | Summer 61) 21) 54) 394) 597; 5) 9) 16 S. 22 14 EB. |.74 |S. 423 E. |.37
Lancaster Autumn | 171) 79) 57| 429) 471) 102) 60) 112 S. 24 14 W.|-39 | N. 73 W.!.19
j and Camp | Winter 208) 39) 35) 198) 370) 106} 80) 162 S. 16 54 W.|.203) N. 21 W.).224
Stockton. WR SHEET | ecp |] ceo Hh en0 |} <Ga0-- I} 600. I]) c00_ |} cd0. |} "000 S. 86 29 H. |.41 Ap codio -.. |2162
January 13) 15 3) 159 3) &) 1) 61 cond00 000 66 is 305 93
February 10) 14) 12) 131) 16) 7 28) 35 cae |} cancoeoss one 85 |
March 23)) ll), 4 G2 @ 7) 39 not? |e condeeseee is 62 |
April 2a) a aly, EO BG Sa eenmese |... | 60}
May 15 3} 26) 194; 13) 3) 3) II eee 300 93
June 7 2) 14) 228) 12) 3) 0}; 0 ca eee 90 |
July 0 0 4) 154) 27 0 0 1 pas || -cos00da0q =H 62 H
49. August OG) 4 Pal ari GD) OL ee a 93
Camp September 7 6) 12) 199 5 i 3| 20) . a con |} OO)
Hudson. October 59} 12) 18) 110) 46) 9) 1) 34). Eee ta Ae 93
November} 32) 1 6] 124, 4) 5) 13) 65). aan Soca a3 2x0 90
December) 26) 0] 15) 115) 3) 2) 3) 88) ... ca0 a6 6000de ee pei606 8 6 93
: Spring 59 8} 45} 380) 19 3] 18) 57) ... |S. 49 I BE. |.58 | N. 24) W.|.013) 215
Summer 13 6] 39] 560) 95) -3) OO} JO} ... |S. 42 32 HE. |.88 |S: 313 E. |.30 | 245
Autumn 98| 19) 36) 433) 55) 15) 17) 119) ... |S. 54 9 H. |.38 | N. 374 W.|.22 | 273 §
Winter 49} 29) 30) 405} 22) 18) 32) 184) ... |S. 53 29 E. |.264) N. 8 W.J.18 71
The year? | ... coc] 088 oo |} 000 . |S. 47 47 E |.52 pooneoc 1004
January | 178} 42) 6) 73) 127) 79) 63) 142
February | 181} 32) 26) 74| 125) 87) 44) 118
March 167} 33) 14) 108) 199} 66) 50) 771
April 106} 21) 31) 105) 252) 42) 48) 36
May 132} 29) 63) 187) 215} 69) 38) 44
June 23] 56) 21), 317) 285) 27) 8) 25
50 July 21) 15) 72) 271) 304) 33) 8] 12
Fort August 52) 54) 89) 304] 291) 11) 18) 25
Ghad- September] 68) 57) 59) 260) 290) 18) 19) 30 | |
Hones October 108} 101; 66] 185} 202) 60) 22) 93 |
; November] 152] 52) 30) 77) 170) 51] 69] 171 }
December | 195) 55) 11) 54) 182) 54) 72) 123 |
Spring 405) $3 108) 400] 666) 177) 136) 151) ... |S. 9 12 E. | 24 |S. 484 W.|.05
Summer 96] 125| 182) 892) S80) 71} 34/ 62) ... 5. 30 7 H. |-66 |S. 344 EB. |.45
Autumn 328] 210) 155| 522) 662) 129) 110) 294) ... |S. 3 2 Vi. }.163) N. 5 OL. |.07
Winter 554) 129) 43) 201) 434) 220) 179) 383) N. 49 20 W.j.20 | N. 34 W.|.41 |
Wn®: SSH || 555 |} coo |} Gon. | ceo |] Geo I G00 IF ceo 4) ceo S. 21 40 E. |.22 Ponce | ceo (Pallets)
| |

1 Observed at Franklin, Fort Bliss, Camps Concordia and Qnitman, and also at El Paso in Mexico,
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

460 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. :

(Nos. 51 to 56(a).) Texas.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction
of resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. the year. Direction,

tween N. & E.

S. E. or be-

tween 8. & E.

tween N. & W.
variable,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

N. E. or be-

; ‘N. W. or be-
Calm or

- 53°54 E
53 44
50 43
58 41
52 30
18 26
35 48
44 30
21 26
28 52

(| Spring
51. | | Summer
Fort 4 Autumn
Terrett. | | Winter

l

(

Ho
T
oo
ey)

The year!
Spring
62. | Summer
Fort | Autumn
McKavett. Winter
|| The year!
i January
February
March
April
May
June
July
53. August
Phantom September
Hill. October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
54. Summer
Camp Autumn
Colorado. Winter
The year!
January
Februarv
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
56. Spring
Ft. Martin | | Summer
Scott and Autumn
Camp | Winter p 36) 455
Verde. || The year | 6 2525}
(| Spring 52
56(a.) | Summer 90
Camp Autumn 5 35
Cooper. | Winter 5 5
The year! 08 : r ¢

PA th wh th
7 bt Bo ee ed ms bt Bt
AANA ANNA

Pieieieio tents! teistviare?

Awa AA

nnn tn ce eo

bs tbs

rages Bie Estee

BAAR DH TA tA th tn

Fotrrboepsch as

bob
Bann

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 30° TO 35° N. 461

(Nos. 57 to 61.) Texas.— Continued.
TCE NE LE SE BC MO gD SG I I BI TT ET EET EI BOT TE PE on SPT eS ey,
; RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

‘a

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-
tween 8. & E.
S. W. or be-
tweenS. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or var.
Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

January 108
February : | 92
March | 114)
April 2 155
May 138
June 30; 142
July | 295
August 289
September 30, 194
October d | 188
November 5 178
December y 211
Spring | 407
Summer 3 726
Autumn 560
Winter 45) 411
The year 3] 422 1625 2104
Spring 346, 278
58. Summer 453 362
Fort Autumn 269 157
Croghan. Winter 4| 149 144
The year? se || Ported he on lense betes
“59. Spring 80 128
Buffalo Summer 131 104
Springs & Autumn 56 135
Fort Rich- | | Winter 96 234
ardson. The year? ecomalllcee ae ll teaet lt aes
January 28 “Is
February 38 8
March 36] 27
April 24, 4
May 64) 12
June 21
July 0
60. August 0} 26
Austin September Bi) 3 34
Barracks. October ‘ 11
November 6 17
December 13
Spring 45
Summer ¢ 5} 47
Autumn 62
Winter 39
The year? cool] coo |} coo |} cto. |] ce
Spring 305
Summer 336
Autumn : : 181
Winter 208
IOS yD | cao. |! edo) |} ca I} cae. [I S05
Spring | 2610
Summer g |2529 |3007
Autumn 65/1528
Winter 304 1015 pee
The year? cco || co cco

Spring 4 -39/6. 7.92/8.5 58/6.
Summer ‘ 6 .69)7.81\8.95)7. 18
5
6

SNe

°

bo
[oe
2 TA

NAS

Reneou ane
OD k= CO

bo “a

jlo} Lol

rojeteh _Shetoetsi-ts}
ae

bb
as

AAnn

So ese ee eese
gagh gh aeerragret
: ae

Mn

=>

No. of ob-
servations.

AANA Aw 0 WA
Pagheeaseregdes

wel

1854, 1855, 1856 and 1857.!
miles

Autumn 3 91/3. 6.05/8.44
Winter : .91|3.94/8.39|8.31

61. Surface winds at Austin in

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. | Winter. | The year.f

| Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 7.83 7.42 6.66 8.85
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the embess move with the sOReBOINE
average velocity . 5 : : +39
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,

as shown in the table above . : 6 0 . : 0 < . ol
Excess of the latter over the former. 2 5 5 5 ; +.16

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

462 WINDS OF THE GLOBE

(Nos. 62 to 66.) Texas.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE . Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. as influences.
= = ss £8 Ez
al leg z ie Be z
Place and Time of ga 22 32 32] ¢] Directionof | 2° ‘5
kind of the year. a iad Ky By \.| resultant. « & | Direction. es
observations, || 4 on S - 4 : Aa oe os i g
: alle ea Nis ae ° g
| § |Bs| & Ho) & IFS) 8 es les se Bl
| 4 jae] Blas) a ne aaa re calane
on f Spring 1410) 421) 183/1128) 2554) 837) 272! 579) 94\S. 2°57/E. |.2423
os Sg Summer 644) 518) 303)1398| 3373] 785} 158) 184/104'S. 12 10 EB. |.52
Ss 2a Autumn /1910| 523] 329] 872) 1940] 913] 541! 732/136/S. 43 51 W.|.07
Got || dele Winter {2185} 474) 281) 640) 1655/1050] 644) 969\114,.N. 70 30 W.|-13
oO. The kyearea| i ect |||ceneta | essaltecrs os |l aco || aro |] see 5. 3 56 W.)-19
3o 3 {| Spring 187) 76) 28] 273) 835) 402) 173) 264 +/8. 67 389 W.)°43
yo ay | | Summer 211} 182) 100) 284) 812) 238] 68] 116) ...|S. 8 20 E. |.38
2°04 2,2 }| Autumn 245) 128} 48) 215) 463) 246) 84| 111) ...|S. 3 alley
Bo | 2 || Winter 244) 44) 27) 120) 502) 443) 199] 198] ...|S. 46 I.
E kb Os Wl eLhegyearsall res lice | meee |leeee Bond reba || ees allt Geom] | eal ts 815
i 36 pies [ Spring 1597| 497) 211/1401} 3389)1239) 445) 843) 94\S. 7 S. 2°W.|.06
is ag Summer | 855) 700)-403/1682) 4185|1023) 226) 300/104'S, 11 S. 26) E. |.30
|3 215 Autumn (|2155| 651) 377/1087| 2403/1159) 625) 843)136|S. 29 3\N. 5 W.|}.13
ee Ene Winter — 2429) 518) 308) 760) 2157/1493! 843/1167)114\S. 85 3|N. 303 W.}.234
nN a 2 || The year? |7036)2366 1299/4930/12134 4914) 2139)3153/448/S. 9
(| Spring 113} 41) 16) 50} 302) 53) 51) 60) ...|S. 14 184
63. | | Summer 9 3) 27) 119) 346) 105) 31) 23) “iS 2 184
Fort ] Autumn 104) 52) 63] 132) 244) 48) 60) 94 .../S. 13 243
Gates. Winter 165| 43) 25) 49) 207| 63] 85| 120) ...|S. 80 211
LL) eS Se Gas || Sse Ho eae |! ase Breit | besebliecoedl econ | lanes Sekt. 822
January 50} 57; 11) 43 29) 89) 22) 64] ...) ....... 93
February | 25] 52! 27/ 37) 30] 96] 23] 46] ... 85
March 69| 47) 47) 65 66| 112) 32) 31 124
April 27) 58} 19) 72) 76] 120) 17) 50 120
2 May 30} 34) 40} 98) 176) 89 Tf) WAL ee 124
June 8} 23) 31) 71) 199] 124) 3) 5) ... 120
July 5] 16) 28) 116} 159) 52) 12 Gileerel|| eet 124
64. August 8} 30! 32) 104) 12 76 8 G)) sail) decid 124
Fort September] 12) 28) 30] 115 72) 56) 21 Oilexcalll) tre 90
Graham. October 14) 38) 29) 117 Se By aly) FAN) Goal) ee 93
November| 43) 24) 20) 33) 42) 116) 33) 44) .../ .. 90
December| 63); 29 8} 62 Cie OA 2a) LS7/|) Saale 93
Spring 126) 139) 106| 235] 318] 321) 56! 93) ...jS. 2 368
Summer 21; 69) 91/ 291) 478) 252) 23) 20] ...|S. 10 368
Autumn 69) 90) 79) 265) 148) 255) 71) 73) ...|S. 1 273
Winter | 138] 138] 46] 142} 98] 242) 70) 197] ...|S. 87 271
Mh ekyieaT=| | eens | ees eee lieeee ceo |] ecco! |] can |} coal} ccolfsty © 2 ... {1280
65. (| Spring 239) 180] 122] 285] 620] 374] 107/ 153] .../S. 2 42 Ww. .343|S .|.02
Forts | | Summer 30] 72) 108} 410) 824) 357) 54) 33) ...jS. 5 27 E. |.67 |S 36
Gates and | Autumn 173] 142) 142) 397} 392)° 303) 131] 167) ...|S. 6 53 E. '.27 |N. 4 07
Graham Winter 303] 181! 71) 191) 305] 305) 155) 317] .../S. 89 52 W.'.143/N .| 335
combined al! Phe syeard) |e | eeen |eeoal||scseal | merry | een |peeee [eel ees Sem GV aes
January 121) 42) 41) 93 I) Su) Baril) HON) weol| aa Sce asics bo 124
February | 107/ 36) 41) 44) 57) 35) 36) 36 113
March 100} 42) 50) 76 78| 25) 20) 32 124 §
April 96) 28) 58| 65} 102) 21) 32) 12 120
May 49} 36) 49| 125) 93] 27) 16; 16) . 124
June 25} 29) 45) 127) 135) 28) 17 6) ... 120
July Bey aA tall Eiri) slsYa, PN) ath) 124
66. August 29| 37! 28] 110) 143| 31) 17 26) ... 124
Fort September} 40; 64) 27) 45 Ale 6) 4 25) ... 90
Worth. October 25) 5i\) 8), “59 80) 17| 14) 42). 93
November| 57) 43; 29) 67 76) 46) 40 40) ... 120
December] 90) 34, 15) 32 68} 43) 20, 70) ..-| .. 124
| Spring 245| 106| 157] 266) 273) 73) 68) 60) ...|S. 368
| Summer 87| 118, 124) 334) 414) 83) 38 41) ...|S. --- | 368
Autumn 144) 196; 82) 206] 279) 89} 64 129) ...|S. - | 303
Winter 318) 112) 97] 169) 176) 119) 83 156) ...|N. - | 361
MS) ASEH || Gon || eee |) coo. I oon see [ose foe | oe fae 5. (1400

! Observed at Austin, Bastrop, Cross Roads, Mine Creek and Webberville.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Surface
wind.

Motion

longitude 98°.!
combined. of clouds.

67. Northern Texas east of

The two

VW
Surface
wind.

68. Latitude 32° to 33°;
longitude 94° to 97°.2

combined. of clouds.

Surface 2preceding Motion
wind.

69. Latitude 31° to 32°;
longitude 94° to 97°.3
a en a ferrin V re ee

combined. of clouds.

Surface 2preceding Motion

70. Burkeville.
winds.

Motion
of clouds.

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 80° TO 85° N. 463

(Nos. 67 to 70.) Texas.—Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences, H
5 j
Time of 3 A se iF ge |
4 : ; i : Beers 1 ou
ieee ae 3° a ae s ea dine | | Direction.
: | 6 5 ou CA | Se os :
= |) Se ll) ct Toei oe Weel es of 3
6 |BS| 3 lee) 2 Es) 3 |Es es £2 g
Zz \ae| A |aib| aloe] FE lze|5 a 5
Spring 139} 56) 56) 70} 388) 125) 115) 91) 111 23° 26/ W.|.27 | N. 88° W.|.113}
Summer 56] 28] 194) 158) 549) 106) 68] 15] 64 14 15 EB. }.544/8. 26 E. |.30%
Autumn | 230} 81) 165) 140) 456) 115) 102) 48) 144 17 48 E. |.23 | N.59 KE. |.073)
Winter 351) 47) 100) 73) 348) 184) 122) 107} 72 72 13 W.:.08 |N 19 W.!.2434
DNS) BBES | con |p 090 | ono |] on |] coe |) cc |] cca |} aoe 1 11 E. }.253 :
Spring 3} 6} 2} 2} 23) = 59] 428) «89 52 30 (+65
Summer GO} =O} aul) BB, BO 19 15 W.|.574
Autumn Q) @) 2 3 Galil 4 3 35 22 58
Winter 18 0} 4 2) 28) 17 7 6 42 56 32 }
AND@ AGENT |) Geo | coo |} ang, |b G00 |!)-0d0..4) cH |} coo |} deat eas 37 35 52 H
Spring 142) 62) 58) 72) 411) 184) 143) 100) 111 29 40 30 | N. 893 W.).134
Summer 62) 28) 194) 169) 582) 126] 72) 22) G64)S. 12 44 54 |S. 263 BE. |-30
Autumn | 230) 81| 167| 143) 471) 126) 106} 51) 144/S. 15 35 23 | N. 63 HE. |.083
Winter 369} 47) 104) 75) 376) 151) 129) 113) 72 66 50 094] N. 183 W.|-24 §
WH FOL? | cos |] co || coe |! c00 |} 00 |} cso || ce5 | a0 | oon 3.4 264
Spring 181} 32) 24) 94) 599) 59} 28) 102) 400 3 49 128%
Summer 82| 82) 72) 276] 685) 83] 44) 46) 441 13 55 434
Autumn | 227) 49) 11] 128} 328) 82) 29) 74) 499 ia 14
Winter 290} 30 7| 128) 367| 71) 63) 158} 417 51 23 -09
pi epye arg irern||reccu|lhrexasiliveccn| (tec. |lessalll sesell Geetll cee 0 47 22
Spring | 33] 15 6; 18) 116) 270) 153) 125 65 2 3

Summer 35) 34| 11) 45) 153) 145] 87] 62
Autumn 48) 33 9! 30} 82) 166) 122) 79
Winter 42) 18 3} 40} (75) 176; 101) 93
TN) FEET | gaa oc0. I} can't cob [Il 000. | ebo0 |} cost! ll éce 4h eoe
Spring 214) 47) 30) 112) 715] 329) 181) 227) 400
Summer 117} 116) 83) 321] 838] 228) 131) 108) 441
Autumn 275) 82) 20) 158] 410) 248) 151) 153) 499
Winter 332] 48) 10) 168| 442) 247) 164) 251) 417
Lng) S/G@ re 4 lcs! ll cesenl | nos hacee oil paca ||becoe Ma] beret] as Paces
Spring 269) 54) 122) 211) 421) 54) 69) 87| 15
Summer 100) 82) 274) 246] 519) 79) 62) 46) 15
Autumn | 299) 80) 153} 170} 341) 81] 66] 74/ 119
Winter 375) 53} 80) 133} 139) 79] 103) 155) 85
TNR@ SAQA | oc0' |] ecg.) S00. toad I) Sool eee I!) co8s||!! 6co | Leco
Spring 84) 22) 28) 32) 201) 31) 59) 27] ...
Summer 45) 18) 45) 42) 337) 36! 39) 12) ...
Autumn 47| 4) 19] 30) 179] 58] 43) 20

83 41
68 52
66 33

.32 |S. 44 w.|.073
AO |S. 35 E. |.21 §
.1g |N. 82 W.|.10 |
194] N. 22 W.|.143

ah 4h ae shaqqha2egqeahgeragenragaqae=

PRARMAAAPANANNNNNNNMMAn AAA AMAM AMM ANAM ANhnM nM
> lor)
g
iw)
so

(Fae a eS NS

Winter 64 5) 10} 12) 62) 53) 46) 21 71 28 W.|.293

SUNG SEB |) cco fs co Pode HI cos Heo HI ose. cdo] coo Il ce 18 40 W.).36

Spring 353] 76) 150) 243) 622) 85) 128) 114) 15/S. 16 15 E. |.21 |S. 12 E. |.04
Summer | 145) 100] 319) 288) 856) 115] 101) 58) 15)S. 22 39 E. |.48 |S. 253 EB. |.3035
Autumn | 346) 84) 172) 200) 520) 139] 109] 94| 119|S. 19 0 EH. |.17 | N. 49 E. |.01
Winter 439) 58) 90) 145) 201) 132) 149) 176) 85|N. 32 42 W.|-17 | N. 25 W.|.34
Wn EB 1 ono: |] a0. |} O06 1] ce, |] con] Sea |] cca I coe |) 60 17 32 E. |.174

Spring 69) 23) 160} 9) 42) 94) 187} 58) 146)/N. 84 10 W.|.14 | 8. 774 W.|.20
Summer 23) 25) 233) 15) 47) 48) 108) 40) 105)S. 76 4 E. |.141/S. 44 E, |.122}
Autumn 55) 26) 238) 8) 22) 21; 108; 40) 116)N. 61 55 E. |.20 | N. 72 E. |.13
Winter 137] 69) 184) 16) 27) 64) 123) 45) 222;N.18 11 EB. |.16 |N. 5 W.|.093
WW) EEN |} co5 |!) 50 |} 603M c0c_ |} 000 aap) ceteea tees 45 0 E£. |.08

Spring al) aN aay) BA A 52 12 W.!.74

Summer 0 1 1 2 0 Dy eels 0 69 37 W.|.61

Autumn 0} 4) 38 0 0 A Oy 64 49 E. |.30

Winter Do 2) 3) 6) Si) 18) 20 76 15 W.|.554

Wo EAE |] can |) Goo |] cco |} ceo I} ccc 000 64 46 W.).39

' Observed at Bonham, Boston, Greenville, Preston, Tarrant and Woodboro’.
2 Observed at Dallas, Gilmer, Jefferson, Kaufman and Turner’s Point.

3 Observed at Bremend, Larissa, Palestine, Springfield and Waco.

4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

464 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 71 and 72.) Texas.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELAT(VE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
influences.

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Kind of Time of Direction of
resultant.

observations. the year.

Direction.

to sum of winds,

E. or be-
W. or be-

variable.
Ratio of resultant

tween N.& W.
Calm or

S. E. or be-
tween S.& EK.
N,’W. or be-

N.
tween N. & EB.
Ss

Spring

| Summer 228
| Autumn 146
Winter 250
| The year’ | ...
| Spring 1744
Summer
Autumn
Winter 2240
The year’ | ...
Spring 7.89]
Summer ([4-53/6
|} Autumn /3-78/6.
Winter [8.96

Spring 732
Summer 472
Autumn 806
Winter 1102
The year3

J
|
Hl Spring 217
al
il

- 79° 23/ E.
22
25
30
38
5
0
52
1
3

221

=
a
a
rs

No. of ob-
servations.

AA RBA BDIAIAA

; long. 95° to 97°.!

a—

No. of
miles.

gp

Stations in 1854, ’55, 56 & ’57.

71. Surface winds at Smithsonian
97°.2 Lat. 830° to 31°

miles p.h’r.

wind.

FI
5
=4

Do

>

a
=
cl

o

o
a)

~

s
nm

Summer 138
| Autumn 253
Winter 404
The year’ | ...
Spring 949
Summer 610
| Autumn {1059
Winter 1506
The year3 | ...

ae mm

servations at all stations.

Lat. 30° to 31°; long. 95° to

—

Pel Se St dt bd db

72. Aggregate number of ob-

combined. of clouds.

Rnnn mn
bo
bo

2 preceding Motion

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Spring. | Summer. -| Winter.

| Aver age velocity of all winds in miles per hour 3 11.35 6.83 7.36

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity

| True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several point ts of the compass each their own average re
as shown in the table above , A D . °

H Excess of the latter over the former ° . . 5 « |4+2.36 +.39

36 1.11 2 24

2.72 1.50 : 1.40 -92
+1.16 +.21

2 Observed at Chappell Hill, Huntsville, Long Point, Round Top, Union Hill, Washington and Wheelock.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 73 to 77.) Indian Territory, south of latitude 35°.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
a length
Place of observation. By whom observed. ohitinde:

yrs. mos.

Armstrong Academy, Prof. A. G. Moffatt, 0. 20 1849.

Doaksville, 0 1860.
11 1850 to 1861 and 1867 to 1869, both inclusive.

Fort Arbuckle, Post Surgeon,
Fort Towson, Post Surgeon, 17

Fort Washita, Post Surgeon, 15

1833 to 1846 and 1849 to 1854, both inclusive.
1843 to 1861 inclusive.

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 30° TO 35° N. 465

(Nos. 73 to 77.) Indian Territory.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. the year. Direction.

tween S. & EB.
S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
tween N.& W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

(| January 2 } 210

Werte 30) 3] 222
March s 3) 122) 284)
April | 166] 279]
May | 6 4) 143) 277)
June | 345
July | 236] 357
August | 299
September 336
October 8 3] 282)
November : 34, 226
December | 26 : 2) 200
Spring 275) 431) 840
Summer 2) 355, 692/1001
Autumn ‘ 3] 26% 844) 36
Winter 632, p
The year 21115 poilae 41140 1140

Ll January : 227) 170) 276 5| 263) 166

so
Ne
DOD

aah
Arbuckle.

February | 261] 165} 143) 205) 307] 154) 231) 155
March 220| 203) 377] 167| 200, 158
April 192) 188) 492) 123) 168) 137
May 39] 166] 224) 235] 522) 184) 131| 79
June ¢ 238) 247) 519 3] 101} 32
July 232) 199) 572) 22 66) 23
August 196) 261) 573) 2: 92) 36
September] 2: 236) 237) 452 66) 56
October 217! 219) 421 173) 114
November! ¢ 5} 162) 192) 387] 188 194) 136
December 5] 143] 163] 158] 314] 153] 253) 249
Spring 636| 626/1391| 474) 499] 374
Summer 666) 707)1664 Mie259)
Autumn 615) 648]1260] 554} 433
Winter 533) 533] 897] 522) 747
The year 1920)2450 2514/5212)/2237/1938
(eases 0} 25) 13) 22
Summer 7| 44) 30
en | Autumn 13 42) 44
ates. | Winter 30) 34
The year3

: January As] 92 “22) “36
February 2} 10) 24
March 33
April | Bb 4

L

a
i Washita.

geen

ww HS .

Sesh Shee

May 45
June 30
July 36
August 31
September 2 37
October 26
November 46
December 3 3] 48 50
Spring 0 S 551) 55 oa 269
Summer 26} 2s 549) 812) 288
Autumn vi 695) 408} 411) 238
Winter 6] 315) 374) 284)
NAG) SAEEVREN Gog | sco. |] tec |} Goo 208
Spring 568 5804 291
Summer 514 823) 364
Autumn 4 468) 424) 259
Winter 349) 390 291
The year? coo |} 90} coo! I} cnc. |}) one

76.
Fort
Towson.!

77.
South-
eastern
Indian

Territory.2

(oe) Paci sm mE etree Usutciepeie ages Levir pe
PAARRRAARAARARRANANANN AAA nn eA

Bf fet bd tts

‘ Separate months for the first eight years only.
2 Observed at Armstrong, Academy, Doaksville and Fort Towson.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

59 April,1875.

46

6

(Nos. 78 to 82.)

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Arkansas, south of latitude 35°.

Observed as follows, viz. :—

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. Jenin of Date.
ime.
yrs. mos.
Arkadelphia, Dennis Barlow, 0 11 1858 and 1860.
Brownsville, B. F. Coulter, 0 6 1860.
Camden, SPO COOIAC NACHOS 0 1 1855.
Helena, O. F. Russell, 1 9 1865, 1866, 1867 and 1869.
Little Rock, Goulding, i 0 1840.
Little Rock Arsenal, | Post Surgeon, 4 1 1840 and 1860 to 1863 inclusive.
Springhill, P. F. Finley, 1 0 1859 and 1860.
Waldron, Geo. W. Featherstone, 0 5 1860.
Washington, Dr. N. D. Smith & A. P. Moore, M.D.,| 1 5 1860 and 1861.
|
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, aS influences,
- — Poy
eI | E iE BS
Place and Time of 23 O38 £2 Sez g | Direction of | £35 2
kind of the year. Bins a. pee Fapcalllveeres resultant. &E Direction,
observations ; | oF Be 2 ee °4 | oe ars :
5 S iS iS 2 ee PES ar
z|ve| a luf| a |ae|e |zzlo” & |
—____| = ct | SS aS | -—
78. Little Rock. | The year 62} 109] 92} G2! 106) 108] 109} 84] ... |S. 58°58’ W.| .04
(| January 47; 54) 58) 70} 25) 65) 74) 131
| February | 14) 42) 49) 43) 25) 66) 53] 103 y
March 35} 58} 36) 35) 17) 43) 59) 151
April 8} 33] 34) 69) 28) 79) 72) 97
| May 28] 20) 57} 93) 26) 70] 50) 89
| June 24) 21) 14) 58} 84) 96) 67| 56
| July 31} 18} 44) 68] 59) 92) 60) 59
79. | August 28; 31) 15) 41) 68) 46) 51) 61
Little Rock September] 25) 30! 19; 32) 29) 66) 48) 81
Arsenal. | October 46| 35) 50} 82) 33) 48) 44) 96)
| November| 48) 56) 35) 48) 43) 44) 18) 128
| December | 81] 55} 60) 77) 48! 79] 70) 150 J
| Spring 71) 111) 127) 197) 71) 192) 181) 337) N. 78 47 W.|.163
Summer 83} '70| 73) 167) 211) 234) 178] 176] ... |S. 43 44 W.).275
Autumn | 119) 121) 104) 162) 105) 158) 110) 305) ... |N. 56 16 W.|.135
Winter 142) 151) 167) 190} 98} 210) 197} 384} ... |N. 56 18 W.).163
Ul Dhelyears' |i.-2 ||! 55 |/ea-e il! 2.collleaee | pose | mecca eee || Oesead (SGO MOA ure pelo)
Spring 44) 33) 26) 23} 30) 32) 46) 41) 131)/N. 49 24 wW.|.10
| Summer 35} 12) 3 43) 40) 21) 34] 15) 114\S. 24 51 E. |.10
80. Helena. Autumn 144) 34) 28] 25) 39) 20) 17| 53) 162)S. 0 28 E. |.26
| | Winter 129} 40) 40] 26) 71) 32) 55| 46) 97|/N.16 48 W.|.15
Ul MPetyears' | ecc0 || scot ll Macey [ccs | ecru |e ecein | eeecl| ieee [ress emo Dee Ale)
{ (| Spring 165] 195) 212) 244) 167) 494) 305) 480] 156)S. 84 22 W.|.20
Bae | Summer | 186] 216) 230) 305] 432) 488] 305) 249] 121/S. 25 29 W.|.21
ae £5 Autumn 509| 501) 423) 567) 699) 930) 499) 740| 290 S. 53 31 W.|.12
a BE | | Winter 349) 286) 246) 271) 245) 457) 335) 588) 108, N. 64 29 W.|.17
° 3 AMT Sa xFbech ll epee Wacoal os |! as5|| sao esss |) sen | ceo |) coo lish “s) SE) Vaya) tle!
a 3 Spring 1 1 5 2) 8) 28) 35) 6 |S. 65 52 W.|.66 |S, 143°W.).11
~~ Bins Summer Oo} Ae So 2) 40) 35 5 8. 58 39 W.|.49 |S. 56 E, |.18
=< es Autumn IU yal ah ee OE BH ia |S. 82 26 W.|.733| N. 69} W.!.16
3 lee | Winter (Ale aca Cop ce PA) ati SBI 8 / N. 88 50 W.|.53$] N. 11 FE. }|.16
5 ° Mhe} years! || Uz. || ees) |) ree-yallireeed| icone ll tecesall e=sehl|leceull likes (Sl Oe
3 ot [| Spring 166) 196) 217) 246} 175) 522) 340) 486) 156)S. 82 24 W.|.21 | N. 66 W.!.07
‘ BS Summer | 189) 220) 241) 315) 434] 428] 340) 254) 121)S. 28 27 W.|.22 |S. 17 E. |.143
a Sc Autumn | 510) 508 424 567) 699) 961| 549) 749) 290|S. 56 27 W.|.13 |S. 66 E. |.04
2 8 Winter 356) 288) 250 275| 247) 468) 368) 595] 108/N. 66 12 W.|.174|N. 6 W.}.13
L 8 Thelsyears ||\eee |! == ||| toe || cosel| receuhl| reat comm lee cenll| Wt==cien home eaedelom Vive sill
Spring 17} 28) 20) 38) 45) 96] 22) 29) 78S. 27 56 W.|.25 |S. 93 W.|.13
82. | Summer 7 19) 36, 27) 19) 37) 49 8) 125)S. 17 51 W.|.12 |S. 71 E. |.062
Latitude Autumn 23) 30) 26 36) 47| 37} 39) 52] 165/S. 58 55 W.).074| N.19 E. |.07
33° to 34°.2. | | Winter 52) 36) 29 37)- 31! 85! 73) 48) 105/S. 86 7 W.|.173| N. 43 W.!.114
L| The year “ a a 8. 45 18 W.|.14

' Observed at Arkadelphia, Brownsville, Helena, Little Rock, Little Rock Arsenal and Waldron,
2 Observed at Camden, Spring Hill and Washington.
* Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 83 to 92.)

SERIES B.

Observed as follows, viz.:—

# Place of observation.

By whom observed.

LONE 12.

Aggregate
length of
time.

LAT.

BO WO BH We

Louisiana, north of latitude 30°.

Anchorage Plain,
Baton Rouge,
Benton,

Black River,
Camp Salubrity,
Tort Jesup,

Fort Pike,

Fort Wooil,
Independence,
Petit Coquille,
Shreveport,
Tickfaw,
Trinity,

Vidalia,

Place and
kind of
observations,

83. Fort Jesup.

84. Western
Louisiana.!

I

Surface
wind.

Motion

combined, of clouds.

|

85. Northwestern Louisiana.?

The two

Post Surgeon,
J. H. Carter,

Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,
Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon, ;

A.R. Kilpatrick, M.D., and
E. Merrill, M.D.,
Rev. A. K. Teele,

mos.

=“
4
wm

FPRPotrPontnNnNonrewyoe

bo

bo

BeNOR PATE OW OorP

o
w

1869.

1822, 1831 to 1835, 1839 and 1843 to 1859, all
1867, 1868 and 1869. [inclusive.
1856, 1857 and 1858.

1844 and 1845.

1823 to 1845 inclusive, and 1849.

1831 to 1834 and 1843 to 1846, both inclusive.
1831, 1833, 1835 and 1843 to 1846 inclusive.
1859 and 1860.

1831 to 1834 and 1843 to 1866, both inclusive.
1869.

1859 and 1860.

1856, 1857 and 1860.

1867.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE

CoMP ASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Time of the
year.

*

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-

241
206
195
108
85
64
82
112
136
160
208
231
388
258
504
678
1828
427
274
504
678
71
27
104
72

all esaiiany
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’ | ...
Spring 19
Summer 0
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

tween S. & E.

tween 8, & W.

S. W. or be-

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.

eo
Who

www wo
Toe Si io oi met

b

~)

iss} oo me CO
forma} TWOhr

AAD AMADA AMMA Ann AAT

AAnn wan

! Fort Jesup and Camp Salubrity.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 Anchorage Plain, Benton and Shreveport.

468 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 86 to 89.)

Louisiana.— Continued.

| RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

Monsoon
DirreRentT Points oF THE COMPASS. 3a influences.
== aed
# 63 5 - 38
Time of oa ; o, zg ;| Direction of | 33
Seif the year. ears = te ae = resultant, ee Direction.
observations, a © alia ha 2s “s ee og 62 4
% |AS| elec] SBS) & | FS igs Bo 2
Z |22| a lof|] alae] B | ae is a eB
oOo (4% Spring 136} 31) 37) 58} 202) 26 19, 40) ...| 8. 24° 30/ EB, |.150) 8. 45° W.).11
Aaa) © 6 || Summer 93) 32) 42) 57) 179) 18) 13) 21) ...|S. 32 22 E, |.264)/5. 1 E. |.16
fa’, | 334) Autumn 201| 61) 73) 63/ 154) 19} 5] 23] ...|N. 68 59 HB, |.221| N. 27 KE. |.15
go 6k Winter 171; 44 66) 61) 136) 24) 13 34| ...|N. 70 47 E. |.166) N. 9 E. |.11
mo [48 l| The yeart] |e | oe | oe | oe | oe | ve | a | «|S. 68 20 E. |.152
eaheh (| Spring 1622} 191} 90) 308)1191| 215 54) 282 N. 5 24 E. |.100; N. 27 W.|.10
as ‘s ~ | | Summer 485) 120) 122) 197) 630) 110) 145) 129) ...)/S. 9 48 E. |.096] S. 20 W.|.11
ot am ; | Autumn 885) 243] 232) 239) 968) 97 22) 257) ...|N. 83 44 EH. |.100) 5. 89 E. |.04
oo | A | Winter 1139} 206) 262) 341/1058) 82) 116) 225) ...|N. 74 39 E. |.097| N. 69 KE. |.04
3 es Uthekyea rad) essere eer ceo) ||) cas | a .|N. 79 37 E. |.058
~ BE Spring 11.95/6.16 0.43|5.3 31/5.908.27| 2.84) 7.05
5S | sa {| Summer | 5.22/3.75/2.90/3.46/3.52 6-11/11.15| 6.14
eis Pia Autumn 4.40/3.98/3.18)3.79|6.29 5.11) 4.40/11.17
Say lac } Winter 6.66/4.68/3.97/5-59/7.78 3.42) 8.92) 6.62
lo 3) -
(f Spring 245} 89} 78] 183) 359) 95 41 75). 5/8. 29 17 HE. |-19
3 8 [ Summer 173} 110) 61} 99] 325) 166 24, 41) 2/8. 9 23 EB. |.233
a €s Autumn 316) 126; 90) 99| 229) 64; 19} 46] 12/N. 58 30 E. |.18
or Ble | Winter 299) 79| 73) 105) 232) 36 18 59) 5|N. 61 10 E. |.15
3 | The year* ef CS. l Macge Ih ic5a- | God] || cen “ep ves) |iee4||8s) 60) SLA eb2
8 a {| Spring 42) 12 7| 35) 113) 145 69 61 S. 49 56 W.|.47 | 8. 45 W.).16
q ac Summer 48} 56) 28) 44] 110) 116 29 57| ...|8. 28 56 W.|.22 | 8. 892 E. |.15
3 Bo Autumn 48) 32) 14) 29) 55) 93 34, 53 8. 67 31 W.|.24 | N.16 E. |.10
a se Winter 37| 27) 18 7, 48 103) 49 24 S. 61 25 W.|.35 | N. 69 W.!.06
g iS The year pep l| so. || 02. |]! so3ae |] cca! ce ees «. | ...[8. 52 52 W.|.31
3 pea Spring 287| 101} 85) 218) 472) 240) 110} 136) 5)/S. 10 50 W.|.21 |S. 25 W.|.12
Ss a3 Summer 221) 166} 89) 143) 435) 382) 53} 98) 2/8. 12 2 W.|.253/ 8. 23 W.).17
: ous Autumn 364) 158| 104) 128) 284 57 53 99| 12)N. 66 21 EB. |.14 | N. 362 E. |.19
5 Ba | | Winter 336) 106} 91) 112) 280) 139 67 83} 5|N.60 7 E. |.02 |N. 13 E. |.103
ae Ill heryemrsy |) Scenics eerie |ineeeel |e ae cp |p coallise 7 TUG 2S fail)
(| January 302) 210] 485) 238] 214) 157] 168) 153
February 239) 143) 382) 160 200) 170) 221) 136
March 283) 181) 351) 258) 255) 170| 153) 151
April 203} 176] 313) 294) 316) 207) 139) 103
May 136] 185} 387) 268) 289) 175) 177 64
June 159) 196) 464) 255) 316) 180} 179 86
July 155) 171) 474) 265) 347) 323) 291) 115
88 August 153) 203} 578) 276) 195) 210} 235) 171
I Baton Rou . September) 195) 317| 516) 194| 66) 95] 130) 153
8° | | October 301] 378) 578) 189) 87) 103} 198) 127
November| 255| 270) 440) 154) 116) 85) 151) 140
December| 9873) 357) 571) 145) 145) 70) 150) 117
Spring 622) 542/1051} 820) 860) 552) 469) $318) ...78. 57 9 EF, |.21
Summer 467) 570\1516] 796] 858) 713) '705) 372) ...|S. 51 51 EB. |.213
Autumn 751) 965/1534| 537| 269) 283} 479 20) ...|N. 61 27 E. |.35
Winter 914) 710/1438) 543) 559) 397| 539) 406] ...|N. 68 30 E. |.24
)Mirery earl |i: alleen llieneill iene |ieeein lees a ele ONS 89) 25 ne E22,
89. Spring 644] 546]/1059] 896] 879) 649} 500] 337/ O|S. 51 26 EB. |.16 |S. 32 W.|.11
Eastern [ Summer 535) 6061555) 878/1024) 817] 730) 387] 16|/S. 46 29 EB. |.202|S. 16 W.|.133
Louisiana, {| Autumn 867/1002)1570| 606} 469) 328} 539) 471) 7/|S. 64 5 E. |.303| N. 32 E. |.17
lat. 30°-31°, | | Winter 1008] 726)1444| 627] 639) 491| 557) 456) 3)N.70 9 E. |.21 |N. 3 E. }.08
baynye st Os eS Ul) Mune) Sah gos | San |] casi) cco |} cas |} eos i -» | (8. 84 47 E. |.20
! From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. | Winter. | The year.
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 7.20 4.26 4.91 6.25 5.65
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds ;
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing isa es = ap
average velocity 1.08 2 q . .
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average yee
as shown in the table above . c : 72 Al 49 1.04 +33
Excess of the latter over the former. —.36 —.71 -—.60 | +.44 —.53

2 Observed at Black River, Trinity and Fidalia.

3 Observed at Baton Rouge, Camp Lawrence, Poydras College and Tickfaw.

February, 1860, and February, 1869, combined with surface wind.

4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Motion of clouds at Tickfaw for

=

SE

(Nos. 90 to 92.)

|

ie)

Place of Time of 238 oy
observation, the year. 2 mele
be Ae)

a | oa _ | op

ZA\ae} A |ns

¢ January 52) 151) 170) 95)

| February 81) 139) 132) 99

' March 71) 134) 166 109)

April 36] 67) 143) 183

May 41} 77) 93 143)

June 20) 66) 81) 154)

July 27| 76) 65) 92

August

a s wel Se | aa wee] eel
: pets eptember 4) 10°
petite Coquille” | October | 46| 126| 106| 63
November} 43) 86) 106) 79)
December} 85} 132) 89) 77
Spring 148} 278) 402) 435)
Summer 76| 236) 228) 315
Autumn 114| 336) 315) 237)
Winter 218) 422) 391] 271
The year | 556 1272)1336)1258
uary a L2G)
February 4 9 Gy) alts)
March i 3 6] 29
April il] Te) | Ba
May By asi el ale
June 3 5 6} 30
July i aly 8) 31
91 August a 22 10 “s
. September 11
Fort Wood.? 9) October 6| 23| 12) 15

November} 10) 10 4) 23

December tS) oe eh 0) 8)

Spring 228) 117) 344) 102

Summer | 230) 57) 213) 71

Autumn 291) 110) 375) 66

Winter 326) 107} 290) 81

The year |1075) 391)1222) 320

Spring 376) 395| 746) 537

92. Summer | 306) 293) 441) 386
Last two Autumn 405, 446) 690) 303
combined. Winter 544) 529) 681} 352
L| The year |1631)1663/ 2558/1578

RIES B.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

ZONE 12.

Louisiana.— Continued.

HipAeits

30° TO 35° N. 469

533
205
326
1722

Monsoon
34 influences.
SE
= ALS BE!
25 ie g| Directionof | 23 hie
By} es ae resultant. Pa Direction.
4 = | A
Be | 3 Es | 85 28 2
ae | Fee z a
78) 73) 159
80 72) 122
111) 66) 118
135) 82) 80
160) 75) 77
172) 84) 72
188} 110} 112
75| 65) 67
39] 22) 42
41) 44) 56
32) 33] 87
44) 57) 117
406) 223) 275 S. 36° 29’. |.14
435) 259) 251 S. 26 50 W.|.144
112} 99} 185 N. 65 33 E. |.31
202) 202) 398) ... |N. 36 34 EH. |.19
1155) 783/1109) ... |N. 89 21 E, |.094
A) 15) 19 - |N. 43 20 W.|.06$
7A) ily) Lg) S. 23 49 EH. |.05
14) 13) 17) ... |S. 13 48 W.|.26
12 Til 23 South. 03
16{ 14) 11)... |S. 23 49 W.).114
yd) WG| a3) ceo SS 0) aoe ee
212 5) 10) «= |S. 47 55 E. ).30
22 8} 20) .. |N. 58 11 W.|.10
3 6} 11) .-- |N. 72 34 E. |.36
2 4) 24, ... |N. 42 14 E. |.27
Al 3/30) =. |N. 1 41 E. |215
4 TA 8333) coo NG 7B) \Wleal
100) 195) 82) .-- |S. 39 9 &. |.17
83} 281) 48] -- |S. 19 32 W.|.15
34) 110) 71) -- |N. 58 45 E. |.30
52| 232) 138] --- |N. 15 52 KE. |.144
269) 808) 339} --- |S. 87 19 EK. |.083 i
506 418| 357 S. 37 41 E, |.153) 8. 15° W.'.1334
518} 540) 299 8. 23 43 W.).15 | 8. 24 W...16 |
146} 209) 256 N. 62 27 HE. |.31 | N. 47 EH. |.20 §
254) 434) 536 N. 29 51 E. |.17 | N.17 W.'.143;
1424 1601/1448 S. 69 21 E. |.09 |

(Nos. 93 to 102.
Observed as follow

Place of observation.

1 Fort Pike.

2 Separate months for the first three years only.

) Mississippi, north of latitude 31°.

Si—

By whom observed.

of

Aggregate
length

time.

Date.

Brook Haven,

Brook Haven (near),!
Coffeeville,
Columbia,

Columbus,

Como,

Elliot Academy,
Fayette,
Garlandville,
Grenada,

Hernando,

Jackson,

Kingston,

Lake Washington,
Marion Court House,

T. J. R. Keenan,

J. 5. Lull,

E. W. Beckwith,

Rev. T. H. Cleland,

Rey. E. 8. Robinson,

Prof. A. Moore and Wm.
H. Waddell,

Wu. M. Johnston,

Th. Oakley and A. R. Green,

J. E, Smith,

T. W. Florer, M.D.,

yrs.

1
0
0
0
5
0
a)
1
il
4

mos,

WRAP wwron

RPOocae

1868 and 1869.

1868 and 1869.

1860.

1860.

1856 to 1859 inclusive, and 1869.

1849.

1856.

1866 and 1867.

1854 and 1855.

1853, 1859, 1860, 1866, 1867, 1868 and 1869.

1859 and 1860.

1852, 1854 and 1855.
1866 and 1867.
1854.

1868 and 1869.

1 Five miles east of Brookhaven.

470 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 93 and 94.) Mississippi.— Continued.

Aggregate
length

Place of observation. By whom observed. of time.

yrs. mos,

Monticello, J. R. Cribbs, 0 9 1860 and 1861. )

Natchez, J. E. Smith and others,! 30 1 1825 to 1842, 1846, 1847, 1856, 1858 to 1862,
and 1864 to 1869, all inclusive.

1854 to 1857 inclusive.

1858 and 1859.

1853.

1855 and 1857.

1861.

1849.

1840, 1841, 1842 and 1854.

1859 and 1860.

1860 and 1861.

Oxford, Prof. L. Harper,
Paulding, Rev. E. 8. Robinson,
P. H. Academies, Seetenieeiaeseerieeeten
Port Gibson, Prof. J. Boyd Elliott,
Prairie Line, Rey. E. 8. Robinson,
Salem High School, oct
Vicksburg, A. L. Hatch,
Westville, J. R. Cribbs,

Yazoo City, Col. C. B. Swasey,

oH Ol ES Be ae oo}

oowoooorrF

1

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Kind of Time of the
observations, year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction,

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

tween S. & W.

N.

S. W. or be-
W. or be-
tween N. & W.
! Calm or

Spring 36 2| 66
Summer 5 2 j ¢ 35
Autumn 5 74
Winter i 2 80
ANNs 7GEVE S|) a5 |) e5_ |) cao ae cor aoe |) of
Spring Z 7 j 52) 617
Summer 3} 262) 56 | 232)

if
|
4 |
|
iL
{ Autumn 2 36 38} 493
|
L

toe 0
Ber oD
oe

No. of ob-
servations.

een
a
ba

tniles.

Danan nn ms
44" 84443:

Winter 2 245 g 4 675
The year‘ | ... | ... cae oe ach

Spring ay 5.36174 40} 9.08| 9.78 2/935
Summer .67 9.43/8.19! 8.¢ i 6. 6.866. 63
! Autumn [6-86 5.42/7.11) 8.68) 6 7. 766-66
Winter .82 '7.68/8.45/11. a0 8.44

Surface winds at Oxford in

the years 1854, 55, 756 & ’57.2

93.
miles p.h’r.

(| Spring 46
Summer 6
j Autumn 35)
| | Winter 48,
(| The yeart | .. 25
(| Spring 26
|

4

|

Al

4

|

lL

oe
3
S
a
a
red
ao
o
<a
zl
=
©
°
&
I
5
na

wind.

Summer 9}
Autumn 21)
Winter 27
The year‘ | ... | ...
Spring 72
Summer 15
Autumn
Winter
The yeart

g Motion

combined. of clouds.

vations at all stations.
Latitude 34° to 35°.3

ADAM ATT
4444554554 55455

94, Aggregate number of obser-

2 precedin

oo
aI
<_<
=

1 R. McCary and Tooley.
* From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Spring. . | Autumn.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 5 5S Fi 7.42
Velocity i in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the peraeaey move with the foregoing
average velocity 0 4 5 .88
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own aver oye
as shown in the table above . . 7 3 3 ; c -96
Excess of the latter over the former

3 Observed at Como, Hernando and Oxford.
4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 30° TO 35° N. 471

(Nos. 95 to 98.) Mississippi.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE : Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a3 influences.
fe
al fab Wet Le =e
Place and Time of e4 $3 22 58] | Directionof | 25 ease
kind of the year. 7 ae Mee hy ra resultant. « «| Direction.
observations a || SE ae , || 8 of | be o5 ;
a] af | = lae| = les| € les ae 22 2 |
See 2 EST Ses) Si eelee ef 2 |
4/22 | 8 |as| a |ais| Flee lo fa
a-. (42 (| Spring 75) 65) 40| 74) 52) 83) 41) 160 N. 46° 22/ W. |.175
a5 © & | | Summer 62) 55) 78! 43) 74) 87| 74) 104 N. 82 10 W.|.108
oy 38 , | Autumn 63 40} 104) 71) 69} 35) 36] 120 N. 48 54 E. }.091
25 s 2 || Winter 50 39) 45) 62) 51) 13) 49) 52 N. 64 20 E. |.066 H
"giSo. AZ (| The year | ... coo. || cen. |} cao |} G00. |[h ase [scan jf 000 N. 45 0 W.|.079 i
Dy (| Spring 274) 226) 121) 298] 275) 525) 223) 875 N. 74 50 W.|.266| N. 68° W.| .18
gee Sa | | Summer 178} 224) 306) 194) 311) 382) 244) 453 S. 75 11 W.|}.106| 5. 244 W.| .03 §
Bao 4 o= 4| Autumn | 284) 132) 341| 358] 339] 140) 160] 555 N. 24 37 EB. |.037) N. 76 EH. | .114
Bas | aa Winter 208} 114! 140) 286) 303) 62) 224) 230 8. 4 28 W.|.060| 5. 525 E. | 119
aa 3 [ The year‘ | ... 9009), aca Hl! doo:. | tena. lO aabe'l ope biden N. 85 59 W.|.092 H
e,7 Ae ] Spring 3.65) 3.48/3.02/4.03)5.29)6.33)5.44/5.47
58 is |] Summer 2.87) 4.07|3.92/4.51/4.20/4.39|3.30|4.36
ee ae r) Autumn 4.51) 4.40|3.28|5.04/4.91/4.00|4.44/4. 62
SH a | Winter (4.16) 2.92/3.11/4.61/5.94/4.77|/4.57/4.42
= Spring 323} 247) 135) 482) 445] 283) 195) 565) 1/5. 58 23 W.].06
ae, S 8 Summer | 257) 291] 212] 382) 298) 276) 209) 395) 5 |S. 11 45 E. |.01
oe &3 J] Autumn | 317) 271] 228) 363} 240) 131) 128] 435) 2/N. 33 8 HE. |.13
ei =e || Winter 382) 196] 180) 446) 323) 155) 169) 440) 2 |N. 27 50 E. |.04
Do | “itl: se ose Hh aca. Ht beer Tee WH eco Stl ast} cae alll oc N.18 17 E. |.03
3 aes a Spring 26] 14) 8) 26] 78) 148) 242) 124 8. 78 59 W.|.61 | N. 85 W.| .16
2212 || Be Summer 52) 49! 68) 71) 101) 122) 143) 141 8. 73 49 W.|.242) N. 74 E. | .21
are Se Autumn 26 5| 25| 35) 54) 56] 123) 66 5. 74 53 W.|.41 | N. 68 E. | .05
eeics. i[lssies Winter 20 7| 14) 18) 54) 117) 141) 47 S. 67 57 W.).58 |S. 47 W.| .13
Pel g © (Ul Wine see || coo |P cto.) cc Ilo00 Ico. II i601) see0" | ono S. 73 57 W.|.46
nes og (| Spring 349} 261) 143} 508) 523) 431) 437) 689) 1 |S. 72 57 W.|.17 |S. 62 W.| .10
ae Ze Summer 309} 340) 280) 453) 399] 398] 352) 536] 5 |S. 67 9 W.J.06 |S. 344 EH. | .03
. 2 ope | Autumn | 343] 276) 253) 398] 294 187) 251) 501) 2|)N. 2 27 W.|.073| N. 42 KE. | .10f
S ae Winter | 402} 203) 194) 464) 377| 272] 310) 487); 2 |S. 87 37 W.|.064|S. 59 E. | .01
fan) [ TNS) EBT! |} coo I) 00H Sac | Soe") cee [fh:c00.-]] cco ll! e560 |} con Sb: BE. BES vel Oy
97. Vicksburg.| The year |1119] 132] 396] 315] 846) 87] 249] 144 N. 58 28 E. |.105
as (28 Spring 25| 29) 11) 51] 111} 103) 44) 68 5. 37 37 W.|.315|S. 47 W.| .17}
aes ois ( Summer 4, 4 24) 10) 48] 6| 24) 2 S. 4 45 E. |.423/S. 20 E. | 30)
oi3 os Autumn j 123) 29] 37] 33| 67) 11) 51) 12 N.14 9H. |.148| N. 20 E,. | .29
Sos Sis Winter 116} 14; 17) 42) 98) 79) 29) 176 5. 87 16 W.|.160] N. 424 W./ .13
geo | 42 || The year‘ | ... eel lleceh lbewese |lfeeshl| cota |inceesdltsece S. 27 29 W.|.151
Bois Spring 118} 102) 26) 205) 408) 532) 160} 392 5S. 51 0 W.|.337
ePslsa Summer 12| 41} 76) 24) 150) 16; 94) 16 S. 2 25 E. |.291
xt | Autumn | 499} 94) 193) 129) 268) 32) 212) 76 N. 14 43 E. |.157
83a [a4 | | Winter 466 34) 60) 176) 407] 408) 153) 569 N. 83 30 W.|}.257
ae 2 l| The yeart | ... Pec! tiicoabd eee | ecoul| |seea Ze S. 61 16 W.}.145
274124) | spring [4.72] 3.52/2.36/4.02/3.68|5.17/3.64/5.76
5a Sa || Summer |3.00/10.25/3.17|/2.40/3.12)2.67/3-91/8.00 |
ees an Autumn (4.06) 3.245.22/3.91/4.00)2.91/4.16/6.33 |
zs oa J Winter (|4-02| 2.43)3.53/4-19/4.15/5-16)5.28)7.49) =

i>]

rom this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. } Winter. The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 4.77 3.97 4.29 4.34 4.34
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . -83 43 +39 29 34
True velocity i in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass, each their own areas velocity,
as shown in the table above . ° . . ° ‘ 1.27 42 16 26 40
Excess of the latter over the former . 5 : 5 | 4 —.01 —.23 —.03 +.06

2 Observed at Coffeeville, Columbus, Grenada and Lake Washington.
5 rom this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn.| Winter, | The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 4.30 3.57 4,14 4.83 4.21
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing

average velocity . : 1.35 1.51 61 “17 64
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the wins from the

several points of the compass each their own ayoraee MIE °

as shown in the table above . 5 3 : 1.45 1.04 .65 1.24 -61
Excess of the latter over the former : c 3 5 . | +.10 —.47 +.04 +.47 —.03

‘Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

WINDS OF THE

(Nos. 99 to 102.)

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

GLOBE.

Mississippi.— Continued.

Time of the
year.

Place and
kind of
observations.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween S. & W.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart

281
206!
195)
230)

29) 103
146
165

98

321}
163)
145
244

684,
340)
117|
380

wind.

—

Surface

496
230
146
382

192
65
54

169

166
148
137
134

59
75
91
43

clouds.

1180
570
263
762

447)
354
332
364,

| 162
| 221
256
141

513
228
199
413

servations at all stations.!

1140 2027/1460
21| 21
2) iB
16, 38
33, 47

87| 105
14) 10
76| 220
153) 287

1395
11

1

46
24

No. of ob- © 2preceding Motion of

servations. ® combined.

26
4
249}
68

UateoltOnea se
No. of
mniles.

|2.36/4.

'4.00
15.41
|2.83/4.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Spring
Summer
Autumn 719 648
Winter 817) 746
MUL eee ENE eet || 5 | eo |} coo) |} coo
Spring 40 170
Summer 219) 223
Autumn 145 133
Winter 106, 139
The yeart
Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The yeart

Stations in 1854, 55, °56 & ’57.2 >

miles p.h’r.

675 |
651

858
808

Surface M’n vel. in

winds.

42
25
277
411

493
307

Lat. 31° to 32°.

1238
1248

922
1140

715 1028
870 1031
864 781
923) 885

servations at all stations.3

2
i)
oe)
°
~
oD
a
g
5
=I
7]
S
Ss)
2
an
80
<
o
for}
10
=|
3S
ia
o
n
F=|
3S
S
=|
mn
~
o
mn
“ss
Ee
ov
=]
€
t=)
n
=I
S
ec
f
2
°
el
°
~
o
=
|
5
A
©
2
a
a0
ov
~]
bh
on
<q
a
S
re

combined. of clouds.

ee a ee

2preceding Motion

—_—

W. or be-

tween N & W.
variable,

| N.

167
259
384
34/212)

AAARAAAAMNARM MIAN AIM M th AA nt

TU A TATA TA Th tn tn wn tn tn i th

Direction of
resultant,

62
32

i Ratio of resultant

56° 38/ W.).
Wels

Hae PERE EEE Ear aaaaaagace

to sum of winds,

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

N. 574 W.|.
N. :

N
Ss.
Ss.
N
N

1 Observed at Garlandsville, Jackson, Marion, Paulding, P. H. Academies, Prairie Line, Vicksburg and Yazoo

City.

2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the eon ASS move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average Coes
as shown in the table above . < 5 . 5

Excess of the latter over the former. - - : 0

Spring.

Summer.

Autumn.

Winter. |The year.

4.57
| 1.18

1.00
—.18

5.29 5.31

72 -50

53
+.03

95
+.23

3 Observed at Brook Haven, Columbia, Elliott Academy, Fayette. Kingston, Monticello, Natchez, Port Gibson,

Salem High School, Washington and Westville.
4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 30°

(Nos. 103 to 106.)

Alabama and Mississippi, so

Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

AO) BE Ie

uth of latitude 31°.

473

60 April, 1875,

Place of observation. By whom observed. ene Date.
| yrs. mos.
Biloxi, Miss., cpdcenoo7ead OSB NCCO 0 1849. i
Bon Secour, Ala., W. J. Van Kirk, 0 3 1866. !
Camp Lawson, Miss., }
Camp Twiggs, Miss., } Post Surgeon, 1 7 1849 to 1853 inclusive. F
East Pascagoula, Miss.,
Fish River, Ala., W. J. Van Kirk, : al 1867, 1868 and 1869. :
Fort Morgan, Ala., Post Surgeon and Coast Survey, | 2 7 1843, 1847, 1848 and 1849.
Gainesville, Miss., | Chas. A. Folsom, 0 2 1849.
Mobile, Ala., Rev. J. J. Nicholson and North, | 2 9 1840, 1841, 1842, 1852 and 1869.
Pass Christian, Miss., Post Surgeon, 0 8) 1843, 1844 and 1845.
Spring Hill College, Ala., | A. Cornette 5. J. and Fabre, 1 2 1840, 1859 and 1866.
3 RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. :
¢ H
3 | i
ic Time of | '
= , : S 2 o |
S the year. F: Fi [e Ve a eg HS E _ Baltes E 2st
ee B\e lalallala jalals)a)e la) es) e|e |e eel
a a | ei ee | BL eB a ee ey ae Te el a le
~. Spring 5808/2205) 1851/1238)2065| 6150/2106 2548 2490 2731) 3611)2693/1188} 319] 553) 985) ... #
sed Summer 2227) 455! 1042/1191|2266| 2122)1824/1351/3290|1133] 6294)264'7|2145| 655) 889) 499) ... !
So to 4 | Autumn 8333/3635] 5783/5240/1961) 2541/1884)1062)1164) 743) 1180) 813) 976) 410 1052) 997) ... jf
a | | Winter 6072/2215) 2063/2318/2744) 3396)1591)1646) 888) 515 612] 856] 930] 653) 8341633) ... f
ih = (| The year |22440)8510]/10739|9987|9036/14209 |7405|6607)'7832|5122/11697) 7009/5239 /2037|3328) 4024 f
Es! :
S ae The year BZN es G8) cco) SG) cco |} TUNG cc |) ae) TOA! coo |} Bl) cee. || OH! i377 |
eS H
a |
105; ithe year | 510 273 48) 255 813 144 87 87)
Mobile. y ee 600 cn cco | 00
3 4 {| Spring 203) ... 97| ... 83]... | 232) ... | 268 176] ... | 94] ... | 110) ... |114 §
9 ess | | Summer 492) ... 439) ... | 286] ... ; 584) ... | 610 468] ... | 416) ... | 350) ... |298 }
S284} Autumn | 777 ... | 420/ ... | 296) ... | 367] ... | 278 161)... | 96) ... | 220 203 |
= fo 2 || Winter Spal ea) ese) oa 2 aay! 2 | 174 111]... | 83] ... | 154 133 |
<3 [| The year? Pe Aes coo |} cca |) coe cca eco, {| 000 |} cop || 00, II! se0 des
“5 Monsoon
aa influences. -
eau! b
RE =
Place of Timeofthe| Directionof | *% iS
observation. year. resultant, Sé Direction. i
on ° 2
om o &
imo E 5
fe 6| 2
(| Spring S. 54°37’ E. .16 184
! || Summer | S. 19 43 W. | .28 184
103, Fort Morgan. 4| Autumn | N.42 34H. | .47 182
| | Winter N. 49 45 E. 85 181
L| The year | N. 69 38 E. 18 731
104. Spring Hill College. | The year | N. 51 34 E. 03
105. Mobile. The year | S. 21 10 E. 19
Spring S38 248) 0b |)S2 15° Who
Summer |S. 2 49 HE. | .08 |8. 25 W.).123
mb Agstegote at all 1) Autumn |N.40 7K. | .27 |N. 34 E. [21
ney Winter | N.14 3£. | .16 |N.10 W.|.123
The year? | N. 58 47 EH. | .06}
! Number of miles. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

474

(Nos. 107 to 109.)

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.
|

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Alabama, latitude 34° to 33°.

Aggregate
length

of time. Date.

By whom observed.

Arendale,
Florence,
La Grange,
Moulton,

June and August, 1845.
May to December, 1849.
1843 and 1845.

1866 to 1869 inclusive.

Jones,

Tutwiler,
| A. J. Harris and T. J. Peters,

Kind of
observations.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Time of the
year,

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E. |
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or
variable,
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

107.
Surface winds.

108.
Motion of
clouds.

109.
The two
combined.

83] 214
165) 114
*35| 96

80} 136

i
-~T
H

| Spring
| Summer
| Autumn
| Winter
| The year! c85. Ido
Spring 22) 19
Summer | P= 37)
Autumn 0 PAN ee
Winter 5] Ze Ol eee
The year! | ... poly con. IPelaos lh reo: | oe:
Spring 213) 2 94) 105) 233
Summer 78) 109, 194) 122) 177) 121)
Autumn 63| 27; 30) 76) 8 56; 35) 98
Winter 34, 72) 41 103° 97) 146)
The year! | ... | ... | vee | oes esti cco |lieses
|

oi

PRA E nA A a aA ttn tn
ea :

i to a1 09 East.

> oO
Ts)

|
| N. 36° W.!| .07
8. 71 E. | .26
N. 50 W.| .19
S. 32 W.| .12

bo:
Cri

| N. 40 E. | .04
S. 212 E. | .06
N. 5 W.| .01

| N. 59 W.| .05

(Nos. 110 and 111.)

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Alabama, latitude 33° to 34°.

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

Aggregate

By whom observed. length of

Knoxville,
Tuscaloosa,
Wewokaville,

Adams,
Prof. M. Tuomey & Geo. Benagh,
Benj. F. Holly,

1843, 1844 and 1845.
1854 and 1855.

Kind of
observations,

No. of ob-
servations

yns in the years

miles.

Surface winds at Smith-
No. of

sonian Sta
1854, 1855, 1856 and 1857.2

les p.h’r.

110.

m1

l

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

e
£2
bu

Time of
the year.

Direction of
resultant.

Calm or

Direction,

variable.

EE. or be-
tosum of winds.

tween N. & E.
tween 8S, & E.
tween N.& W.
Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-
S.
N. W. or be-

Spring 2
Summer 2: 6
Autumn 5 18
Winter 17
Dhesyearhil\eccn pean |mene
Spring 5 4
Summer tye alte
Autumn 115
Winter 68
Hey yeRrlel sen ill vews

A TTA TP ta TP th tp

43]2.00)2.00 7.75/10.36
Summer 33|3.00|6.79 2.67| 4-00
Autumn .§3 5.25/6.39/7.05 7.67) 5.41)
Winter 09 3.86 4.00/6.31 4.14) 3.53

Spring

a
=
©
=
i=}
a
mn
C

1

omputed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 For note see next page.

SERIES B. ZONE 12.

(No. 111.)

LAT.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

ROO WO BHO IN, 475

Alabama.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

Time of the
year,

Kind of
observations.

iol or be-
tween S. & E.

N. E. or be-
tween N.& E,

~)
=)
bo
[ee}

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Surface
wind
bo b
(oe)

> oop
oe

Pee
aaoe)

Motion

servations at all stations.

\Consiamnastusiamanaeas’| Coommmmmmataaiammans\ Commemsemenemmminna’

2
°
ol
°
i
Oo
2
|
3
a
@D
3
<
Bp
D
io
ap
80
<q
=
=
=

combined. of clouds.

7 Aownpy:
or cw oO

2 preceding

—

Direction of

resultant, | Direction.

tween N.& W.
variable.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

iy W. or be-
Calm or

81° 20/ W..|.2
E. |.
W. |.0
W.|.1
W.|.
W. |.
W.|.

W. |.19:
W.|.55
W. |.40

12
oalf)
|. -063
13

|S. 11° w.|.
S. 13} E.
N.18 E.
N. 224 W.|

FAAP PAR ABAD AAD
Sew

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
E> Note from No. 110, page 474.

2 rom this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. Wantex: The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 0

Velocity i in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity .

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,

f as shown in the table above . O . : :
Excess of the latter over the former . .

(Nos. 112 to 115.)
Observed as follows, viz. :—

Aggregate
length

By whom observed. Gi tae,

Place of observation.

Tek) | 5.38 6. 01

4.37 7.01
38

14

Alabama, latitude 82°. to 33°.

Date.

3

ODoOOrRrrRATRO OoOwWwWr bo

a

Prof. John Darby,

Col Horace Harding,

Matthew Troy, M.D.,

H. L. Alison, M.D.,

Dr. T. C. Osborne and Dr. 8.
K. Jennings,

A. Winchell,

Taylor,

R. B. Waller & N. T. Lupton,

H. Tutwiler,

Prof. H. Tutwiler,

Rev. 8. U. Smith,

Auburn,
Boligee,
Cahawba,
Carlowville,
Erie!

NPNoacon,”g
ee

Eutaw,
Glenville,
Greensboro,
Green Springs,
Havana,
Livingstone,
Mount Airy,
Montgomery,

FPosowrIwoed

Rey. J. A. Shepherd and W.
L. Foster,

Newbern,

Opelika,

Orville,

Prairie Bluff,

J. H. Shields,

Dr. S. K. Jennings & others,?

Wm. Henderson and R. M.
Reynolds,

Dr. 8. K. Jennings,

Adams,

E. B. Jennings,

Rey. R. A. Cobbs,

oooo
OoOnon

=

Selma,
Springfield,
Tuskegee,
Uniontown,

PHO
OREO

|

Not used.

1855 to 1558 inclusive.

1860.

1859.

1856 to 1860 and 1867 to 1869, both inclusive.
1850, 1851 and 1852.

1850 and 1851.

1844.

1856, 1857, 1858, 1859, 1861 and 1869.

1845 to 1859 inclusive, 1861, 1868 and 1869.
1866 to 1869 inclusive.

1859 and 1860.

1850 and 1851.

1849, 1858, 1859 and 1860.

1850.

1867, 1868 and 1869.
1859 and 1860.
1867.

1858 and 1859.

1845.

1840, 1842 and 1846.
1859, 1860 and 1867.

27. A. Huston and J. A. Coleman.

476

(Nos. 112 to 115.)

Place and
kind of
observations.

Surface

[ wind.
Motion

of clouds.
The two

l combined.

Eutaw.

ns.

No. of ob-
servatio

miles.

1856 and 1857.!
No. of

per hour.

ad

114. Surface winds at Smithsonian = 119,
in miles

Stations in the years 1854, 1855, ¥

Suinge Mean vel.

winds,

clouds.

n
a
3
3
3S
s
n
=
=
3
~
]
n
a
i
re
3
>

The two Motion of

combined.

aN ee

‘
~
oD
n

2
[o)
—
o
a
oO
2
a
3
ql
@D
£
os
to
ao
~
3
to
<
1S
re
a

Tuskeegee.

}
}

Time of the
year.

The year
The year

The year

The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year

WINDS OF

Alabama.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

THE GLOBE.

tween N.& E.

| N. E. or be-

1517

1393)

4956

1082
774
3576

104)

115
159
297
136

622
644
1669
862

5.41
4.05
5-62
6.34
680
956

1110
623]1:

aA
301
196

95

762

6/1257

1306
718

E. or be-
tween S.&E.

8.

198
275
414

365
1512
1466
3181

1894
1847
1535

4043

552

6/1212

3.41
|4-43

/1000

| 395

224) 38

286
178)
218
1175

788

5.25

5.56
941

713
869

402
324
273
1336
1402
1037
1142

6666

4917

1820
976)

tweenS.& W.

1039
1198
)1325

4.73

4.54
6.13
{1191
1075
720
852
836
517
464
639

2027
1592
1184
1491
6294

13.533.

1016
1144
839
977
959
747
567
880
1975
1891
1406
1857
7129

N. W. or be-
tween N.&W.

Calm or

98
340
214
326
433

2162
909
2031.5

1590
1463
1757
2084
6894

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

aS

variable.

|
9/N.

AAMMAMAIR MI tw tA

. 51
city
. 31
- 53
. |S. 66
|S. 72
Batt
|S. 55
|S. 75
|S. 71
65

8. 33
5 Uy
. 86
71

Direction of
resultant.

2° 52! B.

2 31

Monsoon
influences,

Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

S
oo

2W.|.

he Wiel

13
31
3

30
57
39
21
al

fe}

boo oo
Ooo oS
anna aPRd

lorie 2]
TU co

48
30

.

5 dal as > Its)
zzna Baw
lor]

HAP S882 =238°

W.|.11
W.|.12
; E. |.09
5 W.|.095
5 W.|.03
w.|.51
W.|.213
W.|.234
W.|.50
W.|.36
W..|.22
W.|.12
W.|.03
W.|.18
35 W./-12

Spring.

Summer.

RHI Winter. | The year,

)
|
fal

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

j Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the Sea move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average yoleclias
as shown in the table above . :

Excess of the latter over the former

3.78

BLL

54

5.54

-60

“Fil
Seti

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
5 Computed from the original record, in which the direction of the wind was noted for sixteen points of the

} compass.

(Nos. 116 and 117.)

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Alabama, latitude 31° to 32°.

Monroeville, by 8. J. Cumming, for eleven months, in the year 1852.
Mount Vernon Arsenal, by the Post Surgeon, for an aggregate period of sixteen years, in the
years 1843 to 1859 inclusive.

SJB TRILIB AS) 135 YA IS) A, IIS BN MBO) Bi ONf 477

(Nos. 116 and 117.) Alabama.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant,

Place of Time of the

observation. year. Direction.

sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant to

S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

January
February 22% | 254 387
March P 3 3} 300 39| 404
April 394) 22: 0 301
May 24 27) 453 5} 235] 109) 329)
June | 424 334| 123) 247
July 383 y | 370
116. August 391 3] 212 36) 419
Mount Vernon September 8] 399 46) 253
Arsenal. October 279 : E 3} 383
November 298 38) 484
December | 2: 34 248 ‘ 75) 510
Spring 36/1147) 648) 655) 254/1064
Summer 1198 ae 4971036
Autumn 698)1582| 492) 976) 276] 360) 1671100
Winter 718} 885 707 1781353
WN S7eer |) Goce gag NTE papel ose. |f soootal feeeo i | fk coos exeond | Iitoea
Spring 451) 696 1164 3} 2901073)
ily. Sumner 289) 872 1224) 42 527 1044 2
Aggregate at Autumn | 7341586 992 1861117
all stations. Winter 740) 885 5} 724 Z 192)1368
Woe, SEH ans. Pesce) Pee ell loot sede a lfsenes IN dott oo

ts
S
NK
aS
x
a

22°31) W.
3 3 EH. |.
38 44 I.
12 17 W.|.
18 38 E.
16 28 E.
5 18 E.
38 35 E.
ik Se Wa Ile
29° 8 BE.

Bi nt oo

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 118 to 121.) Western Florida, north of latitude 30°
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. dene of Date.

Ts. mos.
Belair, B. F. Whitney, Ai 11 1856, 1857, 1860 and 1861.
Chattahoochee, M. Martin, 0 WEE),
Fort Barrancas, Post Surgeon, 10 1844 to 1859 inclusive, except 1848 and 1850.
Knox Hill, John Newton, 1 1854 and 1855.
Pensacola, Post Surgeon, 7 1822 to 1824 and 1826 to 1829, both inclusive.
Seville, etiieceat caseseces 0 1859 and 1860.
Warrington, Thayer Abert, 4 1854 to 1859 inclusive.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT Points oF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. the year. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
W. or be-
tween 8. & W.

WN. W. or be-

tween N. & W. |

Calm or
variable.

|

Ts

=~!

January
February
March
April
May
June
July

pee ee
Fort Barraneas. Outober
November
December
Sprin | oc
Sayatnae | 8} 622) ...
Autumn bi 2 53) 518
Winter 56] 33 279) 779
Mbepyeat | ese |iccon||leecs [f went ||) ceem lll went) ee t|l ince

i
kt SS
ies)

! Computed from the resultauts for the seasons.

478 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 119 to 121.) Western Florida.— Continued.

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

| RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon

Direction of

|
Place and | Time of the
resultant.

kind of | year.

or be-

| Direction,
observations.

| West.
to sum of winds.

Is, or be-
tween 8S. & E.

Ww.
Ratio of resultant

tween S.& W, |
tween N.& W.

Calm or
variable.

N. W. or be-

Ss.

|

( January
| | February

March
April

May

June

July

August 11
September| 15
October 28}
November| 25}
December| 17
Spring 36
Summer 34
); Autumn 68)
| Winter 78) 96
| The year | 216) 254
Spring 116] 250
Summer 51) 214
Autumn 157| 472) 286
Winter 178) 408 j
|Nae years | eee eeere lire a oe
Spring 9942103) 750 1147
Summer 2741784) 695) 2650 |1134
| Autumn |1217/4248/1942)2287.5| 543
Winter 1488)3559| 8 1265 | 568
The year? | .. s a

aBowkrs

ell So)
=)

119.
Pensacola
(Cantonment
Clinch).

OT OR OH wWONWPOoONs

19° 37/ W.|.
W./-

servations.

aR
ee
bo OW BPO

No. of ob-

miles.

Bi ee panna
2 09 2 t
ae ae

No. of

8.78 |7. -69)6. 67
8.23 |5.76| 8. -29/4.96

5 8.41 |4. -62/5.14)/6.92
Winter st ae .72| 9.81 |9. -76|9 27/9 .32
Spring 634 585) At 929 | 7 22 745
Summer 462 654 811 3} 850
Autumn /1135/1169} 904 962
Winter 1231/1113) 5% 654 391/1280
The year |3462 3521 3298 |2% 910)1708)3837)|5
Spring 26| 79 152 : 191) 275
Summer 75| 198 230 | 36) 168) 201
Autumn 42) 220; 120} 258 5 93} 152) 182
Winter 48) 97 106 | 32 169) 265
The year? |. on eo ooo pear \leean {It ceo. |leco
Spring 660 664 1081 } 654/1020/111
Summer 537 852 2) 1041 3] 18 744/1051/150
Autumn 1177 1389 1162 86 24) 430 1144/130
Wiuter 1279 1210) 760 fi 560 1545/116
The year |3653 4115/2242 4044 /258% | 5208 2388 4760 507

Spring 1}
Summer 5}
| Autumn 0)

Stations in 1854, 55,56 & ’57.!
miles p.h’r.

mack

Surface M’n vel. in
wind.

servations at all stations.

a
eS
=|
a
a
a
=
|
mn
2
3
n
ico]
a
[3
o
S
=
a
=
n
S
a
fal
1
2
°
baal
iS)
~
o
2
|
5
a
©
2
3
on
v
~
on
bo
<j
4
a
qo

aus hatte ee Ser)
AAANNNANMM AA ADM
Sa" S4445445

combined. of clouds.

$< ———_- + SS ee en

2preceding Motion

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. Autumn.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour A 5 8.42 7.23 7.57

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the Seiad move with the foreg fon
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average veo
as shown in the table above . A . :

Excess of the latter over the former.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 30° TO 35° N. 479

(Nos. 122 to 128.) Georgia, latitude 33° to 35°.
Observed as follows:—

Aggregate

Place of observation. ‘By whom observed. Saas of Date.

1845, 1857 and 1858.

yrs.
Athens, Profs. McCay & J. D.Easter,| 2
4 1859, 1860 and 1865 to 1869 inclusive.

Atlanta, J. G. Westmoreland and
others,!

Augusta, Holbrook and others,? 5
Augusta Arsenal, | Post Surgeon, 17
Clarksville, Col. J. R. Stanford and J. 1
Van Buren,

Covington, Benj. F. Camp,

Dalton, J. R. McAfee,

Factory Mills, F. T. Simpson,

Hillsboro, Eli 5. Glover,
Milledgeville, J. M. Cotting and Prof. C.
W. Lane,

Penfield, Prof. J. E. Willet, M.D.,
Philomath, Jas. M. Reed,

Powelton, P. C. Pendleton,

Sparta, Dr. E. M. Pendleton,
Summerville, Holbrook and Habersham,
Thompson, Dr. W. T. Grant,

Zebulon, Mrs. J. T. Arnold,

ane
ae

1840 to 1843 inelusive, 1854,1858, 1859 and 1860. }
1826 to 1835 and 1839 to 1846, both inclusive. |}
1859, 1860 and 1861.

1859, 1860 and 1861.
1860.

1857.

1857 and 1858.

1843 and 1849.

a
WrRawWo i oo

RPoococwb

1852, 1853 and 1869.
1857.

1852.

1854 to 1861 inclusive.
1839 and 1868.

1859.

1854, 1856, 1857 and 1858.

WNOrRrNTOCORF
AmkNaAbWan

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT Pornts of THE COMPASS. influences,

W.

Direction

Place and Time of
of resultant.

H kind of the year.
| observations.

or be

tweenS. &

Direction.

tween 8. & E.
S. W.

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

variable.

Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

Number of days.

! 122.
Summer- The year | ... ce 060 | on0 se» (IN. 55° 38/W..2 I,
ville.
( Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

5 S. E. or be-

winds.
Ts

. 59L°W.|.
.44 &. |
. 83

Geb
fo}
in}
Gr
°
£
°
=H
co
®D
ro
=)
=
SI
3
3
4
l~
S
YY
a
a
qd

The two
combined. of clouds.

: Hor:
aAconw

He
bo
iss)

Athens. The'year

124.
| Augusta. The year 00

12
7
21
14
10

§)
12
13
12

9
15)
17

January
February
March
April
Augusta ae
Arsenal | Tul
(1826 to 4 | 407,
1830 in- aust
clusive).

i oer
MISO

125.

AZRRRNNARAR NR A nRANAADAAN An

| September
| October
| November |
December |
The year’... sa |! Seon | oss

126. Spring 204 418)1314)

Augusta | | Summer 155 428)1187
Arsenal +/| Autumn | 329 303] 869) 366|
(entire | Winter 339 | 22) 375| 999) 590)

period). The year! | ... | .. a |) con |} con |} 590

| |

pan
OMT BAINwWATS
ARIA TA TA TWA tA te

Or bD £0 09 89 COR AT

UNAZnNnHAN

! Fred. Deckner and son. 2 Wm. Haines, Wm. Schley and Wm. H. Doughty, M.D.
3 Observed at Clarksville, Dalton and Summerville. 4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

480 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 127 and 128.) Georgia.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

influences,

tween N. & E. |

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the

observation, year. Direction.

W. or be-
to sum of winds.

variable,
Ratio of resultant

Ss. E. or be-

tweenS & E.
outh.

tween S.& W.

tween N. & W.

Calm or

3
| 5
Spring y | 220 218) 64] 346] 304|

Summer a) 162) 183} 75) 378) 238) 2)
Autumn 10 276) 143) 46] 190) 153) ;
Winter 196 136) 66| 254| 318) 42
The year’ | ... oes ltoeeted ebucs lage che
Spring 3 |1568. 1682, 404'2560) 3229
Summer 2161 |1321| $96) 406.2008} 1648,
Autumn 347932420 888) 201 1106) 1214
Winter 1771 |1357 1074, 403.1978) 2425
The year? | ... | ... cts IPs ||| Fes aa
Spring : : le 3.31)7.40)10. 62
Summer 76/6. 3s 90) 15. 31) 6.926
Autumn oA tcl F ; .37/5.82) 7.93
Winter 2 .06 |6. -906.107-79) 7.63

Spring | 8471627] $01/2884| 1743 2023
Summer i p 811 1583) 789/2523) 1226/1312
Autumn B 944 1194; 520/1787| 1083/2090
Winter 556) 16 9021101) 6982257) 1777/2697
The years | ... | ... Fes |lh Seema Roser |(hiees aie
| Spring : 79, 130) 120) 580) 450) 290
Summer 32 141| 212) 101) 519) 357) 355
Autumn 7 151 182) 101) 366) 264) 246
Winter | 49} 95) 81| 480) 408) 259
| The year? | ... | ... Cai fe tae: | {\ 2565 -||-s000 200
| Spring 4981480 | 926/1757| 921/3464) 2193 2313
| Summer 443.1733 | 952)1795) 8903042) 1583 1667
| Autumn 765 2657 |1095|1376| 621/2153) 1347 2336
| Winter 7111854 951|1196| 779/2687| 2185/2956
The year’ | ... jo aa Were | coe | a3 35 | oH

s.

madres WWheleal a
83 53 W..

32° 33 E. |.2:
59 30 W.|.22
43 32 We te

73 24 W.|.2

50 33
26 41
62 16
42 10

5 BD, 06 br) Dat
No. of ob-
servations.

——
No. of
miles
Zzee Ae

Surface winds at Smithsonian
Stations in 185
Latitude 33° to 34°.

127.
M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

—

Surface
winds

Motion

128. Latitude 33° to 34°.2

The two
combined. of clouds.

PEEEEEEEEEEEEee

—

! From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. . | Winter.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour ° 8.26 6.38 : 7.65
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . ° 1.47 -66 : 1.69
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as Shown in the table above . 2 0 eC : . 0 2.23 +63 2.08 2.02 1.28
Excess of the latter over the former. A S 5 J -76 —.03 +.29 +.33 +.37

2 Observed at Athens, Atlanta, Augusta, Augusta Arsenal, Covington, Factory Mills, Hillsboro, La Grange,
Milledgeville, Penfield, Philomath, Powelton, Sparta, Thompson and Zebulon.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 129 to 132.) Georgia, latitude 30° to 33°.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. Jone tl of

B
i)

lH BROOM OMOUD BROWN

1869.

1860.

1853.

1853 and 1854,

1860.

1868 and 1869.

1868 and 1869.

1834, 1835, 1843 to 1846 inclusive, and 1850.

1852.

1832 to 1834, 1843, 1845 and 1853 to 1859, all
1854, 1856 and 1857. L inclusive.
| 3859.

) 1849.

1843 to 1845 and 1854 to 1861, both inclusive.

Berne, H. L. Hillyer,
Béston, Rev. W. Blewitt,

Catiola, Deu nensicee
Culloden, John. Darby, |

Cuthbert, Chas. C. Seavey,

Lewis High School, | Miss L. J. Whitney,
Macon, J. F. Adams,

Oglethorpe Barracks,| Post Surgeon,

Perry, Dr. Geo. F. Cooper,
Savannah, John F. Posey and others,!
The Rock, Dr. Jas. Anderson,
Thomastown, Dr. James Anderson,
Thornhill, AEEGO Sec HoORAEeSSnageRD
Whitemarsh Island, ) R. T. Gibson,

a

0
0
0
0
0
il
6
1
8
2
1

io 2}

1 Oemler and Gibson.

SERIES B. ZONE 12.) LAT. 30° TO 35° N. 481

(Nos. 129 to 132.) Geren — Continued.
i RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE | Monsoon
S DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 43 influences,
- 2g |————— 4
ie #4 = E 22 |
Place and | Time of the 23 ae 23 53 | «| Directionof | 25 |
kind of year. ei ae Es Be |,.5| resultant. |. ¢ | Direction. | i
f observations a ° ‘ Sq 4 oe ; ce ie os :
£ [a8] las) 5 |ba| 3 | Ee lee =i 2
= rae || si eel ca yale | E lee is 37 | &
9
‘ Uae ; The year 301; 113) 386) 117) 426) 124) 432) 95} - |S. 14° 27/ W.1.074
(| January 74 59} 58} 30 80 56) 156 46)
February 71 50} 80) 16 78| 53) 136 80
Mareh 68} 88 61) 40) 121; 53) 145° 69}
April 62) 73) 115) 26) 135 79} 121) 27 H
May 73) 60) 119] 59) 161) 61) 103} 41 !
June 50} 64) LOL] 99) 138) 52) 90) 19 f
July 40/ 44) 70) 63) 200; 97) 989) 30) H
130. August 94, 3}) US) Be] NG), Be} Ta i
Oglethorpe; | September} 145) 103) 122) 46) 45) 29) 72) 25 |
Barracks. October 149 GEN 65) 5920) GH 37 S70)" 32 :
November) 102, 66) 58; 33) 72 24) 94 33
December 87 53) 50) 26 54) 28) 155) 61
Spring 203) 221) 295) 125) 417| 193) 369| 137) ...|S. 18 39 W..10
Sumner 184) 161) 290) 217) 448) 206) 289; 70} ...|S. 10 21 E. |.22
Autumn 396] 235) 245| 99) 178| 90) 236] 90) ...|N. 20 34 E. |.212 t
Winter 232) 162) 188) 72) 212) 137) 447) 187) ...\N. 69 45 W.|.21
UUs isy eae teers seg pees |ferenesa ntaeeem (iets (elec llueeey lee wl een INEZ) 3'70 Wiel !
B=. (4 4 [| Spring 149) 260; 171) 306} 401) 321) 237) 347) .../S. 27 26 W.!.127
ies | os Summer 114) 133) 95) 252) 541) 325) 216 141) .../S. 15 32 W.|.336
Eee lo 3 Autumn 270) 427) 142) 188) 150) 122) 143) 269] ...|N. 21 50 E. |.220
ae ge [ Winter 199) 280) 120) 118) 198) 234! 24 424, ...|N. 48 2 W.).184
as |aez The year? ||... wee |oicte |oaee | cee | nee | s+. | «|S. 61 41 W.|.058 i
pa as {| Spring 1026) 3281)1419)1946) 3570, 2567 1628. 3404) .../S. 36 5 W.).663 Hl
Bi | se ca } Summer 467) 1293) 9391677 3870 1884) 920) 641) ...|S. 4 11 E. |.359
soaJ 4 Autumn | 1609) 5167) 996/1046| 1043) 980) 802) 2102) ...|N. 29 24 E. |.314
aS | 3 4 || Winter 996] 2568| 559) 613) 1623) 1496] 1250) 3590] ...|N. 42 21 W.|.210
ae UI] aitaeey seen] dea If dos | een, | cee Ke (IN. 7 54 &. |.019
So .
é 2 ca f Spring 6.89|12.62/8.30|6.36] 8-90| 8.00] 6.87 9. 81]
Z aia a Summer | 4.10) 9.72/9.88/6.65| 7.15) 5.80) 4.26) 4.55)
ae | ee | Autumn | 5.96/12,10]7.01|5.56| 6.95) 8.03) 5.61) 7.81
nD las ; | Winter 5.01) 9.17/4.66/5.19) 8.20) 6-39) 5.84 8.47
il Sa. |
; fee F (| Spring | 670 | 978 |709 |8803/1441 /12083)1286 11232 |679/S. 55 18 W.|.13
ic) 3 4 || Summer | 614 | 7734/6653/1003/16933 11813 10453) 6423/575|/S. 14 17 W.).203
ca By a Autumn {10275 1315 [648 |623 | 528 4845) 6214 8764 726\N. 19 0 E. |.20
22 | ae l| Winter | 787 | 944 /518 |466 | 7714 8204 11314 14961)775|N. 56 26 W.|.193
Eee Die year! |e |. lhe [nen |i pceee lien || ee | ./N. 84 43 W.|.063
gn a (| Spring 73 | 147 | 33 |104 | 119 | 290 | 448 | 374 | ...|N. 86 27 W.|.45
2a | 23 || Summer |} 114 | 176 |108 |139 | 157 | 286 | 499 | 408 | ...|N. 83 59 W.|.40
e242 24| Autumn ! 44 | 154 | 48 [114 | 75 | 195 | 191 | 165 | ...|S 83 26 W.|.213
e,ilse [ Winter 51 | 76 | 29 | 84 | 102 | 328 | 451 | 249 | ...|S. 80 53 W./.53
24 || The year? | ... ealllicsee bee Ae ll laticccia| eee bass 1S. 88 21 W.!.38
eS oa || Spring | 743 |1125 \742 |9842/1560 |14984/1734 1606 679 S. 69 17 W.).17 | 8. 34° W.} .08
= 5 | 62 ||Summer | 728 | 949317733|1142)/18503 14674 15442 10503575 8. 34 37 W.|.19 |S. 2 E. | .16
a2 | a= 1| Autumn |10713 1469 |696 |737 | 603 6798 8124 10414 726|N. 10 24 BE. |.16 | N. 43 E. | .21
ca ad | Winter 838 |1020 |547 |553 | 8733|11482)15824 17405 ee N. 69 59 W.}.23 | N.54 W.) .13
eae DHey care cc cco, | enecl acenafencsus| cae ae ~(N 87 2 W. : an
|

= ~q

? From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. |Summer.|! Autumn.| Winter. |'The year}

|
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 5 | 8.60 6.43 8.13 | 7.10 7.56
Velocity in mean direction on the supposition that the winds |
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity . 1.09 2.16 1.79 {.31 44
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average aad
as shown in the table above 9 6 oY z . 57 2.
Excess of the latter over the former . % - : . - | —.52 +.

ih, || tered teeta dl es

4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons. ‘

61 April, 1875.

482 WINDS OF THE

(Nos. 183 and 134.)
Observed as follows :-—

Aggregate
length

Place of observation. By whom observed. | okstimes

GLOBE.

Northeastern Florida.

Date.

yrs. mos.
Alligator, Edward R. Jones, 4

Fernandina, Henry M. Corey, 0 6
Jacksonville, A. S. Baldwin, 9 2
Lake City, Rev. W. W. Keep ana G. 0 4
M. Fisher,

1857 to 1860 inclusive, 1866, 1868 and 1869.
1867.
1854 to 1858, 1860 and 1866 to 1869, all inclusive.
1868.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Kind of Time of
observations, the year.

tween N. & E.

tween S.& W.

| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year? | ...

—

No. of ob-
servat’ns.

| Summer 9/1321) 367|1127| 408)2184| 2

miles.

The year?

Surface winds at Smith-

Spring §.12)6.30 4-914.
| Summer -16)5-00 5.73 4.2:

Autumn /6.43/5.666.81)3.
Winter ‘

|
Spring B 208)
| Summer 337, 180)
Autumn E 8} 203
Winter z 75
Mua ose || aoc |} coo | ican
Spring | 5s 323! 69]
Summer 172
Autumn 9} 153
Winter 33) 278) 44
The year? | ... | ...
Spring 93/1127| 277
|/Summer | 115 ; 392 1038
Autumn 207\1507| 356) 471 1004
Winter 2401081, 119 395 1475
AWS el goo, ||| oss |] asp |) ed8-||| cea I} cco

sonian Stations in the years
1854, 1855, 1856 and 1857.!
ee
No. of

133.
M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

—

Surface
wind

Motion

combined. of clouds.

a
a
°
Ss
aS
ee)
n
a
ae
ox]
n
a
Ss
i
b
‘ss
o
D

'
2
°
-
S
@
2
|
5
a
@
g
J
a)
>
-
Sh
Bn
=
xi
oO
ei

— SF oo OF EK Ot SE Sa ost SF ee

2 preceding

| Spring | 300|1934! 285) 634| 331|2067| 4

80.
50
32
54

peal
65
11)

| Autumn | 6302345) 463| 306| 302, 739| 132 1045
| Winter | 292)1492, 80] 210] 2331689] 3835/1026

3.63

| 126
| 179

31117

or be-

Ww.
variable.

tween N. & W

Calm or

bo we | N.
Wao
ert

<)
o's}
War

827
300

AT
“0
62

696
191
685
951

176

166} on
cen ition
872
317
864

“|

fi? RSSS
ALE DRDRR DA

12
20
3l

ZAAZPAAAZADA
> bo

iB

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

10
50
3l

42

3 24

54
25

2 55

20

Direction of
resultant,

- 73° 26/ W.}.

E.
kK.

W.|.
W.|.
W.}-

E.
E.

W.|.198
VWWolle

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

NS bo
om 09 ©
bow

Direction,

S. 43° W.|.
Ss. 18 E. |.
N, 39} E. |.25
N. 51 W.).

Monsoon
influences,

Spring.

Summer.

Winter.

The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity 5 : - . : .

True velocity in mean direetion! giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average Me ae
as shown in the table above . ‘ : 0

Excess of the latter over the former . - : : 5 :

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

5.75

-20

134
+14

4,99

5.00

SBIR IIS 1B. YAO) IN Wi, TAIN BM UNG) BBS Ty. 483
(Nos. 135 to 138.) South Carolina, latitude 34° to 35°.
Observed as follows :—
Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. lenetn of Date.
yrs. mos. "
Abbeville, Parker, 2 0 1838 and 1839.
Barrattsville, Dr. John P. Barratt, il 0 1850.
Camden, Holbrook and others,} 5 4 1838, 1854 to 1857 inclusive, and 1869.
Evergreen, E. 5. Earle, 1 2 1868 and 1869.
Gowdysville, Chas. Petty, 1 0 1866, 1867 and 1869.
Fort Hill, R. A. Springs, Jr., 9 1 1869.
Wilkinsville, Chas. Petty, 2 2 1866 to 1869 inclusive.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE or WINDS FROM THE | . Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. lee influences.
eA
A e - LE [Be
Place and Time of 23 8 Bas 28 g | Direction of | 26
kind of the year. nie ce ae be | x5 resultant. % ¢ | Direction
observations. z on Miliices loess oe F A | os | 22 é
22) alee] 2/68 | 2 es zs EE :
4146] A|us| om | ae] & | ase |O | pa es
138. Whey ‘ ; Y |
Wonewille: 5 The year 21) 166) 83) 61) 44! 94) 156 49 N. 70° 5/ W.}.08
156. 7 ¢ 9
Camden. \ The year 4 97) 4) 26 0} 185) 27 65 N. 83 32 W.|.22
Ra (424 (| Spring 75), 158) 70) 87 60) 223) 152) 171 N. 81 23 W.|.185|S. 65° W.|.02
fais | © ¢ || Summer 33} 162) 50; 111) 123) 346) 120 60 S. 32 38 W.|.280/S. 2 B, |.27
: ae 8 4) Autumn 61]; 281) 43) 69 50; 200 86} 190 N. 24 52 W.|.156|N. 43 EH. |.14 |
Elo)! Winter 119) 201 8} 59 25) 200) 135) 225 N. 48 58 W.|.322|N. 24 W.).19
Prom eece lalelletyearsi lien aeer|inccsu|pecnd) ei) eeen'|) seeee N. 77 22 W.|.169
eas (| Spring 816) 2050) 592) 756) 487) 2271) 2187 1907 N. 68 58 W.|.241 |S. 55 W.!.05
si | @ || Summer 228) 1775) 329) 693} §25) 3020) 1261) 608 8. 48 44 W.|.247/S. i E. |.27 |
sof c= 71 | Autumn 488} 3251] 268) 373) 220) 1585) 857) 1599 N. 6 51 W.|.242|N. 50 E. |.20
88 |2 4 || Winter 1092) 1956) 36) 428) 309) 1914) 1822 2547 N. 54 37 W.|.382|N. 47 W.|.16 §
aa [Uf tie Seen |) Yen ee eco) a ps N. 57 21 W.|.232
25 a | Spring _[10.88/12.97/8.46/8.69| 8.12/10.18/14.39 11.15
3) ee | Summer | 6.91/11.96)6-58)6.24) 6.71) 8.7310.51,10-13
ese | P38 t Autumn | 8.00\11.57/6.23|5.41| 4.40] 7.92) 9.97) 8.42
3 ean Winter 9.18) 9.73/4.50)7.25/12.36) 9-57/13.50 11.32
® Spring 217) 380) 146) 133) 110) 552) 453) 442) 263)N. 72 31 W.| .25
‘ee 3 4 Summer 99} 334] 110) 171) 194) 547) 422) 211) 394/S. 66 7 W.) .22
ne 25 ; | Autumn 281) 550) 106) 143) 100) 372) 230) 456) 507\N. 22 34 W.} .21
oe ae Winter 310} 458) 66) 108) 49) 442) 364) 507| 239/N. 45 44 W.| .31
gs Mang FORO || cos |] ca |] cco | ove |] cca ft coe |) ccc |] coe |] ono No Gl AAP Wie) Hall
pe a Spring 117| 84) 29) 33] 45) 245| 461) 262] ... IN. 80 22 W.| .56] West |.04 |
ei Bite Summer 123) 130} 57) 67 31] 281) 483) 247 (N. 80 20 W.| .47 |S. 74 E. |.05 §
oeisa Autumn 114) 116) 36) 67) 48) 257) 321) 269 N. 78 19 W.| .44 |S. 87 E. |.08
ee (ele Winter 121 74| 9) 33 19| 266] 453] 272} N. 79 46 W.) .61 |N. 81 W.).09
Fe | 2 (Uline ye) co) om Poo ee |] oe | ee | ae] ceo |) ceo JN 2) 2B) Nore a
tos | 2d (| Spring 334] 464] 175] 166) 155) 797} 914) 704) 263/N. 76 33 W.| .35 |S. 68 W.).05
qe ls = | | Summer 222| 464) 167] 238) 225| 828) 905| 458) 394)/S. 84 48 W.| .30 |S. 1 W.).13
a 32 {| Autumn 395| 666) 142) 210) 148) 629) 551) 725] 5O7|N. 49 32 W.| .25 |N. 64 LH. |.11235
69 £8 || Winter 431| 532) 75| 141) 68) 708] 817| '779| 239/N. 62 22 W.) .39 |N. 32} W.|.103
aes || The year | 1382) 2126) 559) 755) 596) 2962) 3187) 2666/1403/N. 71 19 W.) .31
1 J, A. Young, M.D., and T. Carpenter.
2 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Spring. | Summer. Avian Wwrabitico, |The year}
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour Tepe 11.11 8.69 8.82 | 10.40 | 9.75
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds |
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing ( } i
average velocity 2.06 2.43 1.38 3.35 | 1.65
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the |
several points of the compass each their own aus ees, mee Bae 214 | 3.98 2.96
as shown in the table above . . He Be 3 a1
Excess of the latter over the former . + .62 ase ata Os least aso

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

484 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. a

(Nos. 139 to 141.) South Carolina, latitude 33° to 34°.
Observed as follows, viz. :—

Aggregate
Tee h of

Place of observation. By whom observed. aa

Aiken, | H. W. Ravenel and Rev. J. H. , 1859 to 1861 and 1867 to 1869, both in-
Cornish, clusive.

All Saints, Alexander Glennie, 1854 to 1861 inclusive.

Columbia, Col. W. Wallace and others,! 1852, 1854, 1856 and 1858.

Georgetown, Rev. Alex. Glennie, 1854 to 1861 inclusive.

Nightingale Hall, ACOCHS ASUS Oa cE 1849.

Orangeburg, Thos. A. Elliott and J. T. Zealy, 1850.

Richmond Hill, APOE CUT ROCCORSIOcnIOSeOTS 1854.

St. John’s, H. W. and T. P. Ravenel, 1854, 1856, 1858, 1859 and 1861.

BRCOOCOrSND
i
Be HOG UG

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE ] Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. p influences.

Direction of

Place and Time of the
resultant. Direction.

kind of year,
observations.

tween 8. & W.

S. w. or be-
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

14° 59/ BE.

i=)
pa

The year

20)

mS Sas
= Emeoil|
pe

30 29 W.|-2
24 52 W.|.2
W.|.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The years
Spring
Summer
Autumn

| Wiuter
The year

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

Sy

No. of ob-
servations.

.

miles,

DN ANNMMIANM

————

Stations in 1854, 755, 56 & 757.2

miles p.h’r.

—

Surface M’n vel. iu No. of

winds.

(ee ye ee Se ee

Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year?
Spring

Summer
Autumn 5 272) ¢
Winter ) 508
The year? | ... oe 55 oe rene aes
| Spring 36% j 1623
Summer 36 j 01)1213)1105) 386
Autumn 38 2: j 86 39) 782) 850) 594
| Winter j j E 4: 1549)1185| 684
The year? | ... fee “is cA 395. || -<490)|, ore ae

anne

Ww. |.5:

RH tha A Tw

Weal
Welk
W.|.26
W.|.2:
W.}.
Wee
W.

vations at all stations.

AAA As

combined. of clouds.

TA TAA Ch th fA cn

a
&
a
So
z
=
g
m
a
[-]
nn
Lo}
A
£
BS
>
o
os
&
=
=)
wm
+
ce
ce of
Dv
mn
—
So
a
So
®
=
|
Ss
A
Do
2
4
on
2
oD
i=)
<a
=|
aH
ri

2preceding Motion

—

1 F. H. Harleston, Prof. J. B. White, Capt. C. C. Tew, E. H. Barton, M.D., and Supt. Arsenal Academy.
2 From ee table we obtain the following summary of results :—

coe Summer. | Autumn. |} Winter. | The year,

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 10.29 9.28 9.00 8.48 9.26

Velocity i in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the eee
average velocity . 2.87

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds | from
every point of the compass each their own average retey
as shown in the table above

Excess of the latter over the former .

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT.'30° TO 35° N. 485

(Nos. 142 to 145.) South Carolina, latitude 32° to 33°.
Observed as follows, viz. :—

Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. engin Date.
yrs. mos.
Beaufort, Dr. M. M. Marsh & Mrs. Marsh, : 1 7 | 1863, 1864 and 1865.
Charleston, Ryan and others,! 16 0 1831 to 1834 inclusive, 1837, 1841, 1847, 1856,
Charleston Arsenal} Post Surgeon, 0 4 1846. (1857, 1858 and 1860.
Edisto Island, EK. N. Fuller, M.D., @ > ail 1856 and 1857. {
Fort Moultrie, Post Surgeon, {others,?| 26 4 1823, 1824, 1831 to 1835, and 1840 to 1859, }
Hilton Head, Maj. J. W. Abert, U.S. Eng., and) 1 5 | 1864 and 1865. {both inclusive.
Mount Pleasant, E. N. Fuller, M.D., 0 1 | 1857
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT > Monsoon
POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences.
z = 5)
ia) a = Z spacer Be
Place and Time of ge | 3B $3 oF ; mange nist
kind of the year. : 5A | on ky) Sz as resultant. rs g Direction.
observaticns. | oa el EN. (eet eerenalii ets ‘g [oe o8 g |
2|48] 2/48] 3|68 | 8 | Be |e 25 5
ee ese | 8) lle | a as | EE ee me cs
2 | |
eee ae: } The year | 708] 1097| 622) 770) 909| 1166] 374] 678| ...|S. 40° O/H. |.063
(| Spring 542} 964) 704) 723) 945) 1199) 836) 615) .../S. 18 58/W.).104
145. Summer 507] 753) 791) 882/140} 1225) 798) 293) .../S. 1 17 E. |.242
Fort Autumn /1306] 1527! 935) 534] 664) 720) 749) 714! ...JN. 25 10 EB. |.21
Moultrie. : Mpniee 1075| 1293) 553) 386) 644) 1038) 1122) 958) ...|N. 38 15 W.|.18
The year? | ... nos ica bee Al ieee an Re ol) coolise, eas valine
Ra (Set Spring 33) 70) 16) 34) 33) 45) 32) 68] ...IN. 28 11 W./.135
‘3h | © 6 | | Summer 8 8} 17) 16) 20) 40 6} 15) ...|S. 17 10 W.).259
Boy rons Autumn 57 66 20 40} 20 28 11 41} ...|N. 28 34 E. |.250
Sey ae Winter 22 53 10 2 9 38 26 59) ...|N. 385 34 W.|.334
go |4 a || The year® | ... ee soctal eaeeel al eee sean || o ete ... | .. |N. 30 36 W.}.105
Ds Spring 237) 854) 142) 270) 269) 410) 319) 648] ....N.13 21 W.).169
aio ea [ Summer 16 74| 247) 187) 152) 452 24 36] .../S. -6 59 E. |.416
aad .= {| Autumn 28} 594) 108) 198] 135) 211 66) 275! ...)N. 3] 42 E. |.259
2S = | | Winter 127] 401 62 4| 75| 414) 323) 613) ...|N. 55 58 W.|.396
Ess : The year® | ... ies 20 Senay eee B00 cen ace .|N. 54 45 W.|.074
o.5 : .
& al ae #5 Spring 7-18]}12.20) 8.87] 7.94/8.15| 9.11) 9.97) 9.53
S38] ¢|| Summer | 2.00) 9.25) 14.53) 11.69|7.60)11.30) 4.00) 2.40
as 2 Autumn /4.00) 9.00) 5.40} 4.95) 6.75) 7.54) 6.00) 6.71
SiR ae | Winter 5.77| 7.57) 6.20) 2.00] 8.33] 20.89) 12.42) 10.39
al . |
(| Spring 678| 1403) 943} 1076/1163) 1906] 1044| 970) 45/8. 22 38 W.).11
fale 2a | | Summer 544) 1141) 996) 1360)1674) 2168 906 480) 43/S. 0 19 W.)|.27
ios z a} Autumn /1518) 2436) 123 922] 834] 1199] 905) 1040) 27|N. 34 23 E. |.20
S44 eas Winter 1284) 2054) 782) 591) 798} 1638] 1462). 1467) 39)N. 35 41 W..17
j 53 The year® | ... os SRE ee ce ee cee || cccliSh BH Wie Oe
3 D 3 [| Spring 19| 21 7] 13) 17) 67) 97] 36) ....\S. 64 8 W.|.50
pales | Summer 5 12 14) 15) 11 40/ 83 22) ...1S. 77 28 W.).475
$2728) | Autumn 6} gi} S| 5) da} 380) 36) 19) “IS. 70 58 W.|.50
ie S =e | Winter 12) 8 10 8} 10 51 85 26| .../S. 82 27 W.’.563
mR © (| The year’ | ... ep se Saotl eos Let: ees ie |S. 78 52 W.'.51
me | 2 (| Spring 697| 1424] 950! 1089/1180! 1973] 1141| 1006] 45)S. 29 14 W.).11 |S. 26° W.|.09 §
eS cs! Summer | 549] 1153] 1010) 1375/1685) 2208) 989) 502) 42/S. 2 28 W..263/S. 1 E. .25 §
E ey 35 | Autumn 1524) 2444) 1240} 927) 845) 1229) 941) 1049) Q7|N. 33 25 BE. |.19 | N. 34} E. |.213
= z¢ | | Winter 1296) 2062) 792} 599} 808] 1689] 1547) 1493) 39,\N. 39 4 W. 17 | N. 31 W.).173
va Prom beny. eae) sss |l ret Mscen| Gece) Sizen (| vases’ |) love 8. 55 22 W.|.02

1 Prof. L. R. Gibbes, Dr. Joseph Johnson, J. L. Dawson, M.D., and G. S. Pelzer, M.D.
2 Capt. C. R. Suter. 3 Number of days 2191.

4 From the preceding tables we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. | Summer. | Autumn, | Winter. |The year. §

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour. 9.51 8.61 6.44 9.09 8.40
| Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the come move with the foregoing

average velocity . 1.28 2.23 1.60 3.04 88
True velocity in mean Areca giving to the THRE from ‘ie
several points of the compass each their own pate elecllys

# as shown in the table above o a 2 1.61 3.59 1.67 3.60 62

Excess of the latter over the former 5 ‘ : 5 . | +.33 | +1.36 +.07 +.56 —.26

5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

486 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 146 to 149.) North Carolina, south of latitude 35°.
Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.| | By whom observed.

Aggregate
length of Date.
time.

Beaufort,! | Post Surgeon, 8 1834, 1835, 1843, 1844 and 1849.
Fort Johnston, | Post Surgeon, 12 7 1822 to 1826, 1831 to 1835 and 1843 to 1845, all
Kenansville, | Prof. N. B. Webster, 1 8 1868 and 1869. [inclusive.
—_— —
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. si | influences.
Pic
Place of Time of a2 $3 | BS Sa g | Direction of | 2S
observation. the year Fae a. Res Fv ees resultant. |. Direction.
Fal Slimane hes ice a:
& AS] elas] S/S] & |Fe| es Ze
z\|z5| a |Hb| a |we| lak |o 3
| Spring 21| 721 34! 49) 32) 205) 72) 67) 0 |S. 57° 29/ 7.|.31
146 | Summer 6| 17 9} 23) 37) 43) 27) 20) 1 |S. 33 38 W.|.3
Konsnegiils Autumn 54| 87| 54) 50) 21) 120) 63) 67| 1)|N. 63 57 W.|.093
ae * | | Winter 29| 62) 54| 34] 26) 87| 62) 64| O|N.82 4 wW.| 113
UBS year? 3 veccul) eet |teesenl|feoeets|| eect eretent| Meeetal| esta (lesan) OD Oui LG:
Spring 201) 322) 128] 96] 397) 491| 143) 82] ... |S. 20 57 W.|.19
147 Summer 122] 223] 162} 100] 352) 564] 134) 36] ... |S. 18 1 W.).32
Fort eee ae Autumn 218) 331) 121) 76) 228) 252) 119) 158; ... N. 0 4 W.!.07
F Winter 278) 327) 134) 51) 290) 286] 230] 257 INGE We ae Abe
Unsere) ell ocx | aco |) oe |} cee |p ctec! o | cee ote Bb <a 7) Wi bil
{| Spring 136] 207} 103} '78) 228) 303) 88) 128 S. 35 19 W.|.12
148 | | Summer 91; 207; 91) 94) 171) 436) 180| 62) ... |S. 33 59 W.|.25
Ranatork {| Autumn 186] 146} 49} 42) 67) 123) 44) 106) ... JN. 7 34 W.|.24
; Winter 207| 80} 39) 71) 62) 189) 90) 218] ... |N. 53 29 W.|.30
{ Ue ert al eee || SU ecall| eal nalle e alee ee nee coats W.|.13
Spring 358] 601| 265) 223) 657) 999) 303) 277) O |S. 33 24 W.|.18 |S. 4° E.
149 i Summer 219| 447| 262) 217) 5601043} 291; 118] 1 |S. 24 34 W.|.29 |S. 5 W.!
ah Autumn 458] 564) 224) 168) 316) 495) 226) 331) 1 |N.12 37 W./.11 | N. 264 E.
SEs gE | Winter | 514] 469] 227| 156| 378) 562) 382) 539) O|N.55 6 W./.182) N. 203 W.|.
The year? | ... | .-. | e-- | exe | ae | cee | ove | oe | 1S. 63 44 W.).1T | a
|

1 Fort Macon. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

eee
(Nos. 150 to 152.) Bermuda Islands.

Observed as follows, viz. :—

Aggregate

Place of observation. By whom observed. joven of

yrs. mos.
Centre Signal Station, \ Royal Engineers and R. 17 6

1838 to 1854 inclusive, 1858 and 1859.
Ireland Isle, nonletslonsiass/ianlessiens 1839.

St. George’s, James Crawford, 1857, 1858 and 1859.

Shelby Bay, Jas. B. Arnold, December, 1857.

Dockyard (Hamilton?), Hartshorne,

year.

Place of
observation,

(Nos. 150 to 152.)

Time of the

SERIES

183,

ZONE 12.

LAT.

30°

Bermuda.— Continued.

N.E. byE. |

E. by N.

E. by S.

S. E. by EB.

NO BH’ W_

|
:

487

March
April
May
June
July
August

October

Spring

150. Centre Signal Station.!

Winter

January
February

September, ‘

November |
December

Summer
Autumn

The year

bo
c=}
we

Boowoooeo

a
SNWOONS

bo

(Sy)

=
Bococooronooococooosos

wv

W. by N.

Ropsco

H
ooonoo

Eb 1
NDOSCONKROOCONSCSOS

i

bole

|

| 2393
235

1984
3782
293

365

| 368

| 353

234

106

| 152

227

8693
1086

492

7014)
31492

Direction of
resultant.

/1833

146
53

4
4103

Ratio of re-
sultant to

(oe)
Nie

sum of winds

March
April
May
June
July
August

Spring

150. Ceutre Signal Station.!

Winter

The year

January
February

September
October
November
December

Summer
Autumn

497
| 2583
4 3253
| 2874
3084
4364 |:
| 468
1813
399
72
182
310
9213
1086
S| 653
10654
37262

26
4117
4/9703

57041278

S. 72
S. 82
|S. 51
S. 38
. 34
Bae)
. 25
. 20
. 59
5 iy
. 89

16
29
39
22
20
43
14
54
49
49
29

Place of
} observation.

150(a).

Q
oO
f=)
ig
Lxt
oD
R
Q
1

| nal Stat’ns,
| Observat’ns

H

4
=
es
fp
2
nm
ee,
i

H registering
anemome-
ter.

the year.

January
February
March
April
May
June
July

August
September
October
November
December

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DivFLRENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.

variable.

tween N. & W.

N, W. or be-
Calm or

} Dockyard.

| Agcregate.

151.
H. M.

152.

oso oo

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

| The year?

25
45

7254
\3544

796
1093

29 |
8

33
24
53

44

L044
507
1427
1195

40
21

| 59

rat
484
552,
561

38
62
34

39,
1089
1048
7514

434

29
47
23

20
10373

654

8334

1776/1338 |2918 577%
1351
22714 674 ,1613)
|| sae ie

30963 814} 1841
591

296 | 828

Direction of
resultant.

58
61
- 80

5
15
22
18
62
72
67
- 00

22
4)
47
29
46
58
19
35
40
51

E.
EK.

AAR INIA A AAT TA

81
28
- 78
59
74
61
15
. 85

PA TATA th AY th tH

- 86

42 21

W.|}.

OO LMR AN Vell
50 W. |.
Ww.
W. |.<
W. |.32

W.|.613
W. |.6:

W.|-

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

17.79
19.74
18.85
17.88
14.81

3.89
13.44
13.15

3.99
16.72
20.08
19.68

Direction.

West.

5.

183 N. 31 W.|.

163)

N. 52° 17/ W.}.
W.|.
W.i.
W.|.2:
W.|.<

Monsoon
influences.

‘1 From hourly observations during parts of the years 1838 to 1843 inclusive.

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

| Mean velocity.

488 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 153 to 167.) Atlantic Ocean and Madeira Islands

Observed as follows, viz.:—

At Funchal, Madeira, during the years 1826, 1827, and 1828; also six years, 1865 to 1870.

At sea, for an aggregate period of nearly eleven years and nine months, the observations being
collected and classified, from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval
Observatory, under the direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF | + Monsoon
THE COMPASS. a influences.
its || Pe
| | Be ae
as | ose f AeA Ra 4 | > | Direction of | *S
E Bieerve: | thoy ear! Ila ra] | ai | a! ve | 2 ¢ BIS resultant. |‘Sg| Direction.
tion, a ea lira lies se Be (toa Pete |e || Sea reales rey | tee Ele|s ee
Si Wace | js pe a ae Bales Pala ealcendeeell ailiues S ZO
lz|e2|2(/H/AlA lala lalalale le le lala le ene
o ,: {| Spring 38] 71] 17] 35] 29] 43] 36] 71] 44) 84} 30 71) 24) 51) 34) 62) 25/8, 43°20! W.| .76 |S. 42° W. |.65
LE | | Summer 9] 19} 3] 12) 5] 24) 28] 38! 30) 69) 28) 26) 2) 8) 4] 16] 6/S. 2 49 W.|.41)S. 11 E. 03
8 weS 4 | Autumn 19) 44) 16] 34] 12) 20} 11) 13) 13) 27|.17| 28} 9} 18} 24] 43) 20IN. 4 19 W.! .16;N.17 E, 224
sr || Winter 19} 30} 11) 2 8} 27) 12) 28] 11] 58} 27} 39! 20] 86) 27) 40) 13)N. 85 27 W.)| .24| N. 61 W. |.18
VS) Whe year! || e.5\) ceelb eel eee p eeell| sessile eeel||eteeni le seerllieess|lite=e||( leu] fetes tere) er te=ell teas | Sate ee MV LL porous on
o ,* (| Spring 40) 88| 41] 71] 20] 89] 46/112) 45|128) 76) 76) 55)115) 46) 65; 48)/S. 40 1 W.|.11|N.45 E -02
3E Summer 14| 18] 19) 27) 14! 40] 28) 41] 37/111) 41) 54) 15) 19). 7) 33) 18S. 13 33 W.|.31)8. 5 E. 20
ss mS Autumn 20) 36] 29} 30] 8] 22] 11) 26] 10] 45) 14) 23) (7) 26) 17) 32) 25)N. 9 30 E. | .07|N. 30 E. -20
‘eae Winter 19] 23) 9] 10) 10) 33) 11) 37) 30) 33) 20) 51) 38) 52) 23) 24) 12/S. 67 56 W.| .24/N. 822 W. |.137
ile The year! ra Peal eel) caste Ceol soso co Gan|* 6 orall sccall oaall Ss sos ede! coenllh weeeile ONE O) Vell ell 0] terete coc
oy: {| Spring 8] 19} 8s] 26] 2] 34) 5] 29) '7| 23) 19) 43) 19) 39] 18) 33) 11)S. 87 49 W.| .17| N. 33 W. {204
= | | Summer 3] 14) 10| 17] 14) 21) 16) 16} 15] 34) 13) 33) 6] 9) 2 12) 17\S. 6 OE. | .23/S. 42 EB. 24
12 wh {| Autumn 6] 14) 15) 28] 7 9) 2) 13 2) 7] 2) 22) 4) 19) 6) 10) 18)N. 20 10 E. | .15)N. 41 E., 1.16
7 ES Winter 4) 4) 1) gi! 1) 8| 2 3] 9} 22) 12) 24) 34) 37) 6] 6) 13/S. 78 34 W.| .49|S. 11 W. (\34
AS [ GW) Aer Ff ceo] sccol|,cen!] cool| coa||. cos\|" cca)! ceo | fees es ce Sl saltsen ith CVE yl alls Sencoa fee
mea | Spring 0] TL) OI) 6G) 2) 0} By 3) a Lb) Sh 16)" (90) 4A USS by a2 Orewa cee
22 Summer 8] 23) 4] 18) 8| 9] 5) 4) 10) 23) 7 8) 4) 2) 2) 4) 16/8. 74 9B.) .14)N.77 E
= SS Autumn 9] 12) 9] 19) 12) 40) 22) 13) 3] 15) 6) 16) 8] 24, 9 7 14S. 67 7 EL |.15)N. 85 EF.
bs BS) | Wanter QO} 8} 4) 24) 93) 28] 8) by} 5) 12) 5 25) 23) 13) 8) 9) SISS 73) 2 Waelo2.)/ Ss Soe
ns The year! | ...||<:-|| --.|| --s ser] ses] see] see] cee] see] ee} see] eer] eee] eee] ee] aes S: 0 B2) Wil 407)" s2eeees
ot Spring 5| 20} 16) 12) 10) 11) 6) 12) 9] 19} 2) 12; 5) 8 5] 10) 1)N. 80 57 B. | .12)| N. 563 B
os Ey} Summer 6| 14) 7} 11) 8) 8) 9} 20) 10) 30) 19) 17) 6) 10) 6G) 6] OS. 15 56 Wy .24/S8. 17% W.
iS ees Autumn 6| 10) 15} 22] 20) 14] 15) 28) 13) 15) 5) 15) 15] 15) 5) 15] 9\S. 53 27 5.4 -14/ 8. 833 E.
re Ere Winter 3] 12; 2) 5] 2) 6) Oj; 10} 4) 15) 5) 8) 4] 22) 7 13) 4IN. 76 24 W.| .24] N. 604 W.
As The year! Sai) ce oce|| Socal], see wee cewellll aaah opell) weell\ nace enmlicy) meyke AW etl ne sevlons
o .+ {| Spring 3} 15] 12) 23] 8] 13) 15) 26) 25) 22) 10) 16) 12) 12) 4) 11) 6)S. 18 38 BE. |.21)8. 26 OW.
aE Summer "| 5! 8] 18) 7| 36) 16} 34] 18) 33} 16] 15) 5] 9) 6] 20) 28/S. 19 46 EB. | .27|)5. 4 We
3 nS Autumn 8} 9 10} 19| 23) 28) 22) 46) 14; 26) 6) 24| 16) 9) 2 6) GIS. 89 1 HE. |.30)S8. 35 E.
ae Eh Winter 12) 20) 13] 14, 5] 6] 6 6) 3) 7 2) 5) 6] TJ 6/19) 12IN. 16 18 E. } 23) Ne 7) Wee
PERS | UGiery sera | Goal! seel] sel] coal. cool) cxll| coal] cecil seo]! bo sae l| ere) ee|erecel| lemel wOO jp ine |feol Gu |e saeren ene
January 18] 39] 15) 36] 15} 28) 20) 36 16) 64) 24) 48] 34] 65) 26] 35) 21/S. 80 10 W.| .16 | N. 56 27! W.),
February | 13] 34) 12) 12) 7) 21) _ 4) 30) 32) 68) 19) 44) 33 74) 22) 39) 13/8. 79 16 W.| .30|N. 8059 W.
March 28] 56| 25) 40] 16) 49] 43) 57| 28) 97] 52) 97| 42/121) 45) 59) 23/S. 73 19 W.) .21| N. 76 54 W.
April 34| 88] 43) 48} 29) 62} 30/104) 43/125) 48) 68) 57) 89) 39| 76) 387/S. 49 3 W.|.11] N. 49 44 W.
ov res May 82] 8u| 35) 85} 26) 89} 40) 92) 50} 71) 42 59) 22| 34) 23) 50) 32/S. 62 43 EB. | .14|N. 80 48 E.
Se June 14) 19] 14] 21] 11) 21) 26) 54) 47) 69; 32) 56) 17) 26) 13! 29) 39/S. 22 27 W.) .29|S. 16 58 W.
3 uous July 11] 31) 24) 45) 25] 78} 41) 49) 49/154) 50] 44) 10) 20) 9] 24) 19/S. § 41 BE. | .35|S. 2338 E.
rt ES August 22) 43] 13] 3'7| 20) 38] 35] 50| 24] 77] 42) 53| 11] 11] 4] 3s/ 27is. 7 11 E. | .19|S. 4038 E.
Hes September| 17) 46] 29) 43) 14) 37) 31) 50) 6) 41) 15 28] 9) 19} 9] 34) 43/s. 49 § EB. |.19 |S. 8123 E
October 25| 49] 45] 57) 49) 59] 34) 45) 30) 43) 13) 28] 19] 43) 23) 33] 24)N. 85 7 B. | .18| N. 6517 E.
November] 26] 30} 20) 52) 19) 37) 18) 44) 19) 51] 22) 72) 31) 49) 31) 46) 25/8. 84 32 W.| .10] N. 6346 W.
December | 26} 24) 13) 17) 7| 39] 10} 23} 14) 25) 28) 60| 48] 78) 24) 37) Y3IN. 81 21 W.| .29|N.59 4 W-
The year! ||! cesses!) ces|| seei|| sell) eeel|| oe] ene aoe! Ganl|| cn=||cece]l vasssliltenel|) teen] osi]) ieee) Siemretemes ON NVIe cil 0U0 nea
o . {| Spring 9} 10] 15) 25} 17) 16} 15) 39) 38) 34) 12) 15) 1] 14) 2) 17| 22/8. 26 30 E. | .28|8. 464 We
SE | | Summer 3). 21] 10) 34} 29) 26) 12) 40} 23) 36) 10) 24) 9) 17) 14) 16) 32/S. 36 7 E. | .19| N. 464 W
Ss % 4 | Autumn 5] 23] 13) 25) 31) 43) 27) 42) 9) 19} 8) 19) 8] 6] 12) 16) 9/5. 63 55 E. | 31) N> 554 E.
rt g~' || Winter 2) 14] 13) 12) 8) 17) 13) 37) 13) 15) 12) 17) 6) 5) 3) 3] GIS. 27 12 EB. | .32) 8. 255 aw
SNS (LEW set eel cool! oc5|] cel] col} Gaol) ool) eel} enol] caoll ocol] “23 eeel|| aee|| ceellll eee] De 39) ) (GoeBie el lncudt || en
us Spring 13) 14) 6} 21) 6} 8] 15) 38) 26) 25) 11) 25) 5) 6) 4) 11) 15/S..2 27 EB. | 23/58. 69 W.
| 2B Summer 11) 22) 15| 64} 23) 31) 15) 28) 33) 32) 14) 28) 11) 16) 10) 16) 16/S. 59 56 EH. | .19 | N. 343 B
ey ae Autumn 6) 20) 23) 29) 18) 15} 12) 27) 18) 27) 22) 22) 8) 15} 10) 15) 27/8. 36 37 E. | .10 | N. 183 W.
= ast Winter 5} 6) 9} 11) 9) .19) 27] 37] 23) 14) 15) 8} 12) 8 4) 6) JS. 21-57 EB. |.41)8. 16 E:
AS The; year! || coal) teal! unl! ese! eoell weei|| oel|) Klee ll emnel|iitoe!|lincce'=i| \eset| eect lle=r |mrcn| irere icrct emi’ 6) reas amy es 2
re Spring 4, 3) 3] 9) 8] 18) 6] 19) 5) 19) 10) 11) 4) 4 2) 4 OW. 16 7 E. | .85)/5. 432 W.
j= Summer 10) 19) 19} 21| 17} 19] 11) 26) 16} 19} 12) 17! 4) 101 12) 8 10)S. 62 25 E. | .16 | N. 234 W.
3 aS Autumn 4) 13) 5) 24) 13} 23) 13) 20) 13] 21) 15) 18) 8) 9) YW) 6) 4IS. 27 42 EB. | .23 | N. Von We
ra BSE Winter 3} 10 4) 3) 7| 1Q) 12) 24) 29) 9) 10) 5) 4) 8 7 6 GIS. 9 22 5. | .30)8. 67 W
IES The year! Seal, eel” Baa nee obs «| (8S. 42 30 EB. | .31 meee

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 168 to 176(5).) Southern Algeria, Tripoli, and Northern Egypt.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Geryville and vicinity, Southern Algeria, by Messrs. Ferronnays, Gauverit and Merés, from
October 23, 1856, to February 7, 1857, including the observations made by Dr. Merés during the
last half of a journey from Oran to Geryville, extending, say, 100 miles north of the latter place.

Desert of Sahara, lat. 30° to 33° N., long. 0° to 19 W., by Dr. Paul Merés in January and
February, 1857.

Gardeia, Tuggurt, and adjacent portions of the desert of Sahara, lat. 32° to 345° N., long. 2° to
7° E., by Dr. Paul Merés from March 7th to June 21, 1858.

Ghadamis, Desert of Sahara, by Rohifs.

5 April, 1875,

62

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 30° TO 35° N. 489
(Nos. 163 to 167.) Atlantic Ocean.—Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT a Monsoon
PoInTs OF THE COMPASS. 53 influences, a
Eat=| =
A ae !
Place of ob-| Time of 0 : . | © | Direction of | #3 ©
servation. the year. + al a 3] dl E = e = I resultant. |%¢ | Direction. ; 5
E/ZAlalelelalalalslalel“@|slale la] s 26 Bi 8
Z|AZ(42\/A\A lA la lalallala l/elel|elAa\a)s ee a | &
|
oy: {| Spring 9) 16; 9) 6) 2) 8) 3] 14) 3) 10) 8] 18) 2) 9) 5) 5) 3i/N. 76°22) W./.05 |S. 40}°W.).06 43
Se Summer 38 106) 28) 75) 28) 32) 32) 50) 23) 57) 68) 55) 27) 46) 26) 69, 57,N. 19 25 W.).05 |S. 384 W.|.012| 269
& LS | Autumn 25 50] 9) 27] 8) 11] 10] 16] 10) 8} 23) 21) 12) 20) 18] 34) 31/N. 10 22 W./|.22 || N. 115 W.j.16 | 111
me || Winter 1 i) 14) 29; 10) 3) 12) 8) 11; 10) 18) 15) S| 7) 2 10; 4S. 43 40 W.).10 |S. 25 W.|.143| 58
ee mmm IG eI eny carts leet ess (fi cel ea lbicenh Seal cealeesilbtes, I aseilh sec veeelltrseeil cc2el|d cae (Nef 22) We).06 || --2...... +. | 481
January 5| 19} . 3] . 8] . 4). BY cool UG). 2) . ~/N. 9 43 HE. |.11 |S. 24 W.|.35 93
February i 21 4. ilo Gi Oj} ee- eS ie 6) . ./N. 6 3 W.|.45 |S. 84 W.|.25 85
March 13, 13 Ui 4). Om )} <Soo}) alal 8} . ..|N. 18 28 E. |.43 | 8. 625 W.|.05 93
oa April 4 22 Site 2) ies O}) ees) LO} 4). .|N.18 38 E. |.31 |S. 31 W.).19 90)
oo May 6| 30 4. Ol coal) O) 2) ...|| 12] 8} . -|N.11 2 EH. |.52 | N. 47 W.).10 93
ah June 3) 28) ies 0) . 0! QO}, -.-)) 13 Osa .|N. 14 18 E. |.50 | N. 543 W..).07 90
a July 4 41 Ole Q) . QO}. QO} -..| 13 1 ..|N. 28 29 H. |.62 | N. 54 WB. |.16 93
a August Q} ..:| 58 2s 2). 0} . Yio 0 0 -/N- 48° 07 BE: |-96 N.75 E. |.54 93
Sa Septem ber' 4 19 5| . 4). Om 0} ...) 28 0 ..(N. 24 46 W.|.27 | 5. 61 W.|.34 90
ae October 4| 28 10) . Bie QO}. 4). 7 6 .|N. 37 43 E. |.47 |S. 68 E. |.16 93
= November| 5 26 4!) cool! edly] 0}. TN) aonl] iil 11 .|N. 8 49 EH. |.50 | N. 32 W.).17 90
a December] 28) 20 5) - I QO}. 0} . 6 2 iN. 30 22 & |.63 |N. 3 E, |.25 93
a Spring 23) ...| 65 26) . 6] . Nig 5| ...| 38 20 ..|N. 15 27 E. |.42 |S. 56 W.).06 | 276
& Summer 7 «.|127 12 2) . 0 O} ...| 26 10 ..|N. 34 24 H. |.68 | N. 614 EB. |.25 | 276
Autumn 1183) coal} 7/6} 20 8} . OH seal} BP osol! 446 17 ./N.13 7 E. |.38 | 8. 462 W.|.10 | 273
Winter 40, ...| 60 12 10} . 4...) 5 40 10 pool, A Te TOR ERA NSS i \Yel IK) |) Ail
The year | 83) -..|325 70 26) . BY) cco) Lis) 150 57 ..(N, 23 50 E. (40 apa cenccn --- |1096
as Spring Bh, coal) 5 10) . 9] ...| 48 17 2 |S. 41 2 W.).55
-22 .. | | Summer 1) iL 1 4| . 6| ...| 79 8 @) ccol] colfSb © Sil WHI8
© o'Se j | Autumn 4 8 6 8] ...| 7 --.| 48 17 AW ceol| cosiish 22 BH VWvelledks
“525 || Winter 6 8 13 14) ...| 4) ...) 25 26 4 ...|S. 47 58 W,|.25
a l| The year | 14) ...| 23] ...] 25 36] ...| 26] ...|200 68 8 s(9. 42 O W.).51
|
BSE | | Spring 20) 20) 09) 6) 2) 2) 3) 4) 3) 6) 1) 5) 6} 12) 19) 15) QIN. 9 5 W.).49 op 48
s 2 0 Summer 36) 72) 16) 16) 2) ©} oO; 2) 2 0} 0} 6] 5) 16) 8 19 IN. 7 30 E. |.68 oro 66
Pate Act i Autumn 14) 12) 18) 10) 4! 6) 2) 10) 1) 16) 19) 15) 10) 25) 5) 8) 9IN. 54 26 W.|.19 eo 57
re} | Winter 7| 27) 19) 24) 10} 13) 8] 8] 11) 6) 2] 6] 4} 10) 8) 30) 8IN. 34 42 &. |.32 one 67
| (| January 10} 24) 31) 38] 20) 21} 29) 39) 26) 30] 29} 29) 11) 16) 10) 37 5\S. 26 8 E. |.12 |S. 24 W.}.04 | 135
e | February SIL Oe eel Ole Led LOl Toles SS ess) sa i6iSy e247 e425 |S. Vg W.).183 39
° | Mareh 12) 18) 6] 10) 9) 18) 6} 17 19) 21; 3) 8] 1/ 24) 8) 4) 16/8. 27 53 E. |.092|S. 244 W.|.024| 67
+ April 19) 12) 10) 16) 5) 17) 24) 52| 38) 44) 16) 29) 10) 8) 10) 19) 2/S. 1 29 W.|.31 |S. 18 W.|.25 | 110
2 | May 25) 34) 36) 41) 20 16) 12 45) 18] 29) 23) 37| 8] 13] 14) 29] 24|N. 88 32 E. |.08 | N. 84 E. |.074) 141 |
30) June 35| 48) 21] 78] 29) 33) 27| 51) 42) 43) 26) 69) 22) 44) 41] 49| 44)\N. 30 9 W.).01 | N. 424 W.!.11 | 233
om {| July 34| 99) 36] 59] 37) 301 7| 32) 13) 40] 25) 31) 12) 29] 17) 43) 41|N. 32 35 E. |.224| N.11 E. |.262| 195
= August 31| 93] 31] 73) 33] 45| 26] 62| 41! 61| 53) 30) 22) 32 12) 36) 31/8. 76 13 H. |.115| N. 43 E. |.06 237
Si September| 34) 40) 29} 31) 23) 23] 8) 27) 12) 26) 20) 33) 12) 19) 22) 30) 20|\N. 14 40 E. |.13 | N. 10} W.!.20 | 136
P= October 18) 48] 33) 55) 29! 30) 14) 36) 15) 33] 31) 28) 23) 43) 14) 30] 44|N. 45 21 BE. |.08 | N. 5 W.|.13 | 175
x | November| 2) 30} 3) 29) 22) 45] 42) 52) 24) 43) 26] 34] 11} 13) 16) 19) 16/S. 21 58 HE. |.29 | 5. 103 EH. |.20 | 142
» December| 5) 26) 28) 37) 17) 36) 36) 58) 49) 13) 13) 18) 16) 19) 8) 16) 148. 42 25 BE. |.26 |S. 415 E |.16 } 136
x (| The year |226)/489)264/471/251)/319|238 488/304 393)280|349/156|263)175/314/263 8S. 44 27 EH. |.10 4000000 we» (L746

490 WINDS OF THE GLOBE:

(Nos. 168 to 176(5).) Southern Algeria, ete.— Continued.

Biskra, Southern Algeria, in the desert of Sahara, by E. Renou, during the years 1845-6—7-8—
51-52 and 53.

City of Tripoli, for an aggregate period of 32 months in the years 18438 to 1846 inclusive, and
1855.

Alexandria, Egypt, during a period of three years, 1858 to 1861.

Cairo, Egypt, by Lefebvre, for 41 days, in February and March, 1839; by Destouches for seven
years (date not given), and by Hubbard at Cairo, and on the road to Suez for five days in the year
1857. Also for 5 years, 1857 to 1861, inclusive, by Caneval, J. Franz, Prof. Dr. Keyer, Dr. Lant-
ner Bey, and Prof. Dr. Bilharz.

Ismalia, by A. Gepek, six times a day from June 1, 1866, to May 31, 1868, two years.

Port Said, by Vabre, six times a day, from June 1, 1866, to May 31, 1868, two years.

Rosetta, Egypt, by Hunter, for 71 days in November, 1777, and January and February, 1778.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS
OF THE COMPASS.

_Monsoon
influences,

Place of Time of . : 4 ;| Direction of

observation, the year. resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds

variable
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

Calm or

168.

| | e
Geryville, AEE | q | 0| 3} 0 N. 7°20/ W.|.
1

Winter N. 42 34 W.).

Algeria.
169. Desert of
Sahara, lat. 30° |
to 33° N., long.

02 too Wie
170. Desert of
Sahara, lat. 32°
to 345°N., long.

‘2° to 7° BE.
171. Desert of
Sahara, lat. 32°
to 344°N., long.

2° to 7° E.

Winter | N. 23 16 W.|.
Spring 22! | | 5/3 N,15 34 &.

June i | N. 89 19 E. |.

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December m9 tod ons 50 a { on||- 303 BACERORO OS. 509 ceaeenteee Bo
Spring jlopd| | Ststlece bat Bie nce scat) Seles Peal) ecole) .|-093) N. 794°R, |.
Summer S} <0 2 e<al| SO|lere eof neilllecol| dst7/lieeo eee Sp5] foe (5 . |.263) S. 25 EB. |.
Autumn See] 67)... non SHigos ac Lees oe Denil leseol Ne |. N. 323 W.|.
Winter sy) Rea i [ee fe) |...| 43]-- a |---| 438]...] «(Ne de Ab N. 30 W.
The year 2}..-/160)---/113)... = «+ [169]. A|...] ..|N. 4: «| Sor sca 28s
July
August
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
eg September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

172.
Biskra,
Algeria.

172(a).

Ghadamis.

173.
City of Tripoli.

J
|
t
j
1
j
|
|
(

a cor el 5

H

Alexandria.

ReEHOOoHND RAH: >

ra

: b
PNWHWNNOHRSCHWwWwarth aS

a
WNWwow
He .
NWODWWHwWoRW RWWA: E

_ | =
SNWOHPBRONRPEHPwWwwNw: moo

me Ooo OO

bo

J g .
OawnNwatIwwos SCOoOnmwwheH ow:

NWHENROHOOCOHHENNNHN!: AnDnND

wo
S
=

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 30° TO 85° N. 491

(Nos. 175 to 176(6).) Southern Algeria, ete.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. re influences. J
ed _ mn
A 4 e SB Fig | Ey
Place of Time of 23 by 83 ro) 6 Direction o's et
observation. | the year. BA eA oh Epe 55 of resultant. ss Direction, z
q q Woe 4 od es “ ol = 3 wa)
£48) # las] 3 lES| 8 |ES| ee 29 Pulls
2/45! |e} a lnt| FleEIS es a | 2
“a5 Satan i | ie) iO) 2 OF} @| tay N. 4493/5. 20 |
ae ! Sommer |} iil | i) O 1 O}] Bi) O} OF Sy | oo REIS 8 The 426
: The year |157 | 55 | 15 3 | 14 | 28 | 48 6 |... IN. 12 54 W..).5 |2557
(| January 4); 2; 1 Wy 2 Bo) By B®
| Weeemeia 5 4 |) @ | il 3 a |) 3 3 | 10
| Mareh 7 Zh ik Oo; 1 Ul |) 83 40 112
| April 10 ai) il 1 1 1 2 4 7
| May 10 3 1 0 1 io} a 9 5
June QO! AiO} ©} OF @}] 2) Bl 4
July 10 2 0 0 0 0 2/14 3
175(a). August 10 1 0 0 0 0 2) La 5
Cairo, {| September} 10 2 0 0 0 0} 0} 14) 4
1857-61. || October | 10} 3) 0} 0} 0} O|] 1) 11] 6
Royals 8] 2 OF OF Bi wy Wy wi to
December} 4 1 0 1 6 2 3 2 | 12
Spring 27 8 3 1 3 3 6 | 17 | 24 IN. 15 29 W.|.44 | N. 85° B. |.09
Summer 29 5 0 0 0} 0} 6 | 40 | 12 |N. 26 49 W.).74 | N. 27 W.|.26
Autumn | 28 6 Oj Oy 2B 1 2 | 32 | 20 IN. 22 0 W.|.62 | N. 8 W.|.16
Winter 13 5 1 3 | 13 |) al 7 | 31 [N. 84 18 W.).143|S. 9 E. |.41
| The year | 97 | 24 4] 4] 18 | 11 | 25 | 96 | 87 IN. 26 37 W.|.47
176. fl Autumn 1 |) 133 1 3 i jy -alit lg) ul | 3 |N. 62 11 W.).34 ecoeedeen set 25
Rosetta.!. || Winter 8 | 20 |} 13 | 12 8 | 16 | 25 | 54 U Nlo BO ZB Wyc|BHL |] Sosscces tlzes 58
(| Spring 43 | 13 6 4 7 i |) Mal) TBs I) 35, \N. 4 43 W.|.52 |S. 31 E. |.16
176(a) | Summer 69 | 14 1 il 1 0 2) 12 - |N. 0 45 E. |.854) N. 314 EB. |.26
I Sika Autumn 65 | 10 0 1 2 ie} 1 -|N. 7 1 W.).78 | N. 123 EB. | 14
eae Winter | 22) 9) 4] 2) 1] 3 | 36 | 23] ... IN. 43 15 w.l.55 |S. 471 w.|.34
(| The year {199 | 46 | 11 8 | 11 5 | 57 | 63 - |N.12 7 W.|.644 ff
(| Spring 24 | 23 8 4 5 8 wf |) 2a - |N. 0 34 W.).413|) N. 29 E. |.18
176! || Summer | 45 6 2 2 3 5 7 | 30 . |N. 21 4 W.).67 | N. 16 W.).31
DE {| Autumn Bis} |) 118} 5 8 5 | 12) 9 | 20 . |N. 16 30 W.|.40 | N. 384 BE. |.07
Port Said. || Winter 8) 11| 6} 6} 13) 26 | 18) 12) ... |S. 67 14 W.'12 |S. 134 W.|.45
(| Phe year |115 | 53 | 21 | 20 | 26 | 51 | 41 | 83 . IN. 25 388 W.!.36
|

(Nos. 177 and 178.) Hastern Méditerranean Sea and its Islands.

Observed as follows, viz. :—

At Sea, during a period of three years, date not preserved.
At Larnaca, ee from October, 1866, to sae 1867, inclusive, by T. B. Sandwith.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. the year.

to sum of winds,

tween N.& E,

tween N. & W.
variable.

Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

N. W. or be-
Calm or

5S. W. or be-
“tween 8S. & W.

N. E. or be-

N. 24°39/ 5. |
N. 87 13 W.
N. 89 44 W. |
N. 56 53 W.

w

177. At sea. The year
March

178. Larnaca. Oct. & Nov.
Winter

HH
OE 00 op

499 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. -

(Nos. 179 to 184.) Turkey in Asia.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Bagdad, Mesopotamia, during the year 1783.

Bahmdun, Mount Lebanon, Syria, by Rev. 8. H. Calhoun, with some interruptions, from Novem-
ber, 1844, to September, 1845, inclusive.

Bassora, from February to June inclusive, in the year 1784.

Beirut, Syria, by Dr. De Forest, from September, 1842, to August, 1843, and from November,
1843, to March, 1844, both inclusive,’ and 80 days, the date of which is not preserved; also by
another observer during the years 1846 to 1854, inclusive.

Damascus, Syria, by Dr. Joseph Dickerson and Frederick Hubbard, from May 27 to June 6, 1857.

Jerusalem, Palestine, hy Dr. McGowan, from May, 1846, to February, 1847, and from April to
July, 1847, both inclusive, and by Dr. T. Chaplin for a period of 54 years, from 1863 to 1868,
inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE 2 Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Aa | influences. =
d ae | 2
= | ae | og
He) | : vo oa
«= | Time of the =i 3 i 7 s S |} Direction of | *> . : °
Ce year. @ A al ion Ale Ee ail allie é Fil resultant. Sg Direction. A 5
| 22 % A/a [ele lal el | ail Bla] (ls | aE |e ee $15
a ° 2 \2/2 |e} a [al a |alalal a (Ele Ele le ae |e
January 10} 0} 26) 5) 41) 0, 5) 010; 0} 35) 1) 27) 5) 20) 1 186
February | 12! 0} 19) 0] 15] 0) 5} 0.10] 0} 34) 0} 35) 0} 38) 0 169
| March 10; 0) 15) 0} 30) 0 10; 010) 0) 20) 0} 30) 0} 30) 0 186
April 17} O| 11} 2) 13) 0 25) 0,10) 0] 32} 0] 16) 0} 54] O 180
~~ May 28 0, 25) 0) 24) 1 16) 0| 6] 0; 17) 0; 33) 0) 58) 0 217
6 June 28) 0) 5) 0) 11; 0} 13) 0} O) 0} 15) 0} 33) 1) 99) 1 210
® | | July 14] 0] 6] 0} 0] 0] 0} 0} 5} O| 5] 0} 38) 01148) 0 | 217
(s August 17| 0] 5] 0} O| 0 0| 0} 5] 0} 5} 0} 34) 0120) 0 186
2 September| 61} 0) +5) 0); 5) 0) 5) 0} 5| O| 5) Q) 31 0| 53! 0 180
f October 30} 0) 22) 0} 36} 0} 15} 0) 6} 0} 10} 0) 10) 0| 62) 0 186
5 November} 13) 0; 22) 3) 42) 0} 10) 0} 0) 0| 25) 0) 35) 0) 30) 0 180
eS December | 11| 0} 22] 7| 32} 0| 10) 0) 5] 0| 47] 0} 22! AN) As)! (Ub Saneaspodoss 265 .- | 186
} | | Spring 55] 0) 51] 2} 67| 1) 51| 0|26| 0) 69| O| 79) 0142] O|N. 46°48 w.|.22 .14 | 583
Summer 59| 1] 16 ©) 11) 0} 13] 0/10) 0} 25) 0/105) 1'367) 1)N. 49 59 W.}.75: -40 | 613
| Autumn 104 0) 49 3] 83] 0} 30] 0} 5] 0} 40] 0 76| 0155] O|N. 20 20 W.|.38 -15 | 546
Winter 3} 0| 67 12] 88] 0} 20] 0/25 0/116 1 84) 6} 86) 1/N. 69 25 W.).14) -24) 540
l| The year |251) 1)183)17/249| 1/114) 0/66] 0/250) 1/344 Ha 2\N. 44 16 W.).372 wee |2282

1 Except 19 days wanting in December, 1842, 10 in May, 1843, 7 in November, 1843, 1 in December, 1843,
} and 10 in March, 1844.

| 2 The following extract from a letter of Rev. J. F. Lanneau to the author will serve to give an idea of the
f winds of Palestine generally :—

| ‘There are, however, some general remarks which my long residence in Syria and the Holy Land enables
} me to make concerning the direction of the wind and other topics alluded to in your letter, and which may be
} of some interest to you.

“The whole of Palestine is intersected by a chain of hills, or small mountains, rising to an elevation of
nearly three thousand feet, and extending north and south nearly midway between the Mediterranean and the
| Jordan, On the sea coast the wind generally blows ‘ off the land,’ or from the east or southeast during the
f nicht, and follows the sun as the day advances, toward the south, southwest and west, and, perhaps, one-
third of the time continuing on to north and northwest, increasing toward sunset, and shortly after dying
away to a calm, which lasts until about midnight, when the land breeze again commences. At Jerusalem,
however, and in the hill country of Judea, the direction of the wind is almost always from the northwest
| during winter and summer, except when the Shileak, the Arabic term for the wind commonly known elsewhere
as the Sirocco, or east wind, blows from the desert. So uniformly prevalent is the northwestern, that the olive
trees in the interior, situated so as to feel its constant influence, are inclined toward the southeast, and their
} branches checked in their opposite direction by its force, so that, in some cases, three-fourths or more of them

are on that side, thus: This is very strikingly noticed immediately around Jérusalem.

“And this leads me to an obvious answer to one of your questions, viz.: ‘Are there any local influences that
would affect the direction of the wind?’ I have always thought the position of Jerusalem, and that whole
region, with the immense evaporation from the Dead Sea, and the Arabian desert to the southeast of it, must
be the physical cause of the northwest direction of the wind the greater portion of the year, while the deep

“a

SPR EiomB | ZONE. 12.) hy ATs Sig 10. 35° IN; 493

(Nos. 180 to 184.) Turkey in Asia.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon

DIFFERENT Points oF THE CoMP Ass. 42 influences. * s
: £4 —| &
al i | al Mises SE S
Place of Time of Pe an 35 £3 Direction of | 255 | ty
observation. | the year. Be ae Ba | by =| resultant. | = | Direction. S
€la8| ~ lad: Sles| = lee lee EE Sake
SWIOS| & See eel 2 eS ee 5 5
Ziae| 8 |ael uw ive) E |) ee ( a
(| Spring 707| 175| 28] 63 196] 715 641) 245 | AlN. 76°57’ w.|.42,
180 | Summer | 267 27 0| 0 72|.8761112) 374 | o|S. 85 55 W.|.722
Tesi, Autumn 702 112 31 5 164) 520 789) 535 | 16/N. 66 20 W.|.54—
| | Winter 380} G61} 29) 43 342) S08 808) 275 A\S. 77 30 W.).55
(L|] Wine sree? | ceo |} cco |} cto: |) cea ||) cao |} ooo |] cee | cn N. 86 19 W.).54
f SORE ao ad Aa 3 ele eae ee 82 | cosmes | oe ve
2 | N. 62 z +/.5 2 |
Seer | Autumn | 3) 2 i] 0 o| 6] of 1| ...\N. 70 53 w.l.20 60
abncun-"| | Winters Bil! BPG) DRL aI) Ne hs) ZS yy) Wetec |) eco |) 0)
(| The year | 39] 5] 14) 2 19] 52 282) sal IS. 84 41 w.l32 | |... | ... | 365
(| Spring 708} 176) 36] 63, 199) 728) 743) 2464) 4/N. 78 34 W.|.43 | N. 66S°R. |.13
{| Summer | 279] 28 0 0, 72) 8861119) 378 O\S. 86 2 W.).724)S. 64 W.).204
| sue pee 114 fe 2 164) 526) 789) 536 | 16)/N. G6 17 W.).54 | N. 141 Bb. |.19
inter 0, 66 3] 43) 358) 831 819) 282 AIS. 77 36 W.|.534|S. 4 &. |.152
{| The year |2095| 384) 111| 111) 793|2971 3470/144931| 24|N. 70 20 W.|.57. %
182. { Spring 0 0 0 0 0 @ 5 O|N. 45 0 W.?2?)1.00 5 i
Damascus. ( | Summer OO OOO SSS INGC OAT WererikGs 6
(| January QO} 0; «O} 12) =O} 0) 57S 0 |: 93)N. 66 23 W.|.83 3l
February 93 3 0) 24 0 0, 18 0 | 80)N. 21 55 W.).59 5 28
March 32) 10/ 12) 36] 28 0] 8 0 | 56/N. 74 30 W.|.30 lies 3
April 22 0 4 6} 70 0; 53 0 | 23/5. 80 11 W.|.66 Iie 30 |
May 21 (| 15) 3}, Bai) By) BY 3 | 12/5. 65 48 W.).54 jo 31 |
June 0 0 0 2 3} 121) 35 0 | 14)S. 73 59 W.|.933 | aes 30 |
July 0 0 0 0 (0) ly) TB 0 9|N. 89 48 W.).98 on 31 |
183. August oO} 0} 60} 0} 91) 0} 71) 0 | 24/8. 72 43 W-.86 ve | ol |
Bavalagl. September, 2) 0] 0} 36 G1 0} 49 0 | 30/8. 63 45 W.).71 oo 30
= October 0 0 0 0} 26 One, 0 |160\N. 54 14 W.).87 30 31 |
Movember 0 2 i 1@ 0 276 6 | G3IN. 69 5 W.|.66 ve 30 f
ecember| 0} 0} 21) 18 8 0 0} 48 | 77)\N. 69 3 W.}.56 ceoccoood |) won 31 f
Spring 75 4 31) 55) 155) 15) 97 3 | 91)5. 80 2 W.).48 |S. 38 EL. | 20 92 |
Summer | @ 0 0 2) 104) 136) 261 0 | 47)5. 76 30 W.).74 |S. 27 W.| .27) 92 §
Autumn | 2 2 6) 46) 87 2| 125 6 /253)N. 77 8 W.|.68 | N. 39 W.|.10} 91 §
Winter 93 QO} 21) 54 8 0} 75) 48 |200\N.54 8 W.|.65 5 lle 33 90 |
[| The year | 170 6| 58) 157] 354) 153) 558) 57 |591)N. 84 49 W.|.65 | 305 }
(| February Gl Oy, Wl wl Si SB aa a es, ZG ayy} | 28 |
1 | March 3} 16) 26 (0) ie 3) 2) 76) 22) ...N. 76 24 W.|.36 31 |
184. April 4 8} 32 4 9 cl! AG) 0) cos Sh SE © 1s LB 30 |
Bassora. May 0 3 6 4 6 5] 10) 108 | ... N. 46 12 W.|.72 3l
June 0 ) 0 0 0 0 3) 177 | ....N. 45 41 W.).91 30
Spring 7| 27) 64 8] 30) 15} 82) 130 ales 53 9 W.|.28 | 92
|

gorge in the mountains, extending all the way from the valley of Jehoshaphat and Hinnom to the Dead Sea, |
Occasions a stronger current over the Holy City and the Mount of Olives. The Arabs have a saying, that f
Jerusalem is the most windy place in the world, the centre of the earth, and thus attracting all the wind |
there, ete. During the winter the southwest wind on the coast, and the northwest wind in the interior, gene-
rally accompany a vain, though occasionally there is a shower from the southeast. A north wind on the sea
coast always drives away rain, but it is generally a very chilly and uncomfortable one, and is considered by f
the natives as unwholesome. The rainy season commences about the Ist or 15th of October, and continues
until the middle of April. Sometimes a few showers fall in September and May.”’

The following description of the winds of Palestine is taken from Dr. Wm. Smith’s Bible Dictionary :—

“N.W. from the Autumnal Equinox to November lst; west from November to February ; east from Feb-
ruary to June; and north from Juve to the Autumnal Equinox.”

1 Sixteen of the W. and S. W. observations are marked “‘ sea breeze” in the original record, and if these be
rejected the resultant for the vear is S. 87° 56’ W. .28.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

3 Six of these observations were marked ‘“‘sea breeze” in the original record, and if these be rejected the
resultant for the winter is 5. 50° 57/ W. .51.

(Nos. 184(a) to 188(a).)
Observed at the following places, viz.:—

.

Place of observation,

WINDS OF

Northern India.

Aggregate
length

By whom observed. of time.

THE GLOBE.

Amritsar,
Dalhousee,
Dehra Doon,
at

Dera Ismail Khan,

Gurdaspur,

Kotgarh and the
neighboring points,
Rampoor & Subatha,

Lahore,
Lodianah,
Moultan,
Murree,

} Peshawur,

|} Rampoor,

} Rawulpindi,

| Sialkote,

¥ Subatha,

By direction of the Government,{ 4 0
Great Trigonometrical Survey
of India, 1868, 1569 and 1870.

Hourly, with great care, by

Capt. Patrick Gerard, in the
years 1819 and 1820.

See Kotgarh, above,

See Kotgarh, above,

mos.
0

the head-quarters of the

=) ornNnoo

1871.
1871.
1868, 1869, 1870 and 1871.

1871.

1871.

1819 and 1820. The published abstract
of the observations is very meagre, and
reduces the winds to only four direc-
tious, as given below.

1871.

1871.

1866, 1867 and 1871.

1871.

1849 and 1871.

1871.
1871.

Place of
observation.

Amritsar.

Spring
184(b).
Dera Ismail

Kian: Winter

The year!

184(c). esas

The two
preceding

combined. Winter

March

| April

| May

| June

| July
185. August

Moultan,

1866 and 1867.

Spring

Summer
| Autumn

Winter

The year

Time of the

Autumn
January
February
The year!

Summer
| September
November

Summer
Autumn

| The year!
January
| February

| September
October

| November

| December

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

THE Monsoon

influences.

N.E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

=

bb oOo eH
oo

i
rey
1 ora © or)

oo

awonwniawnwow! coo 2 | West.

mane:

=:

> Be
cote hwarkkhosTWwwWwo
Se ee :
EPborwhHe-~TABRDpb:

=

=
o

bt :
WORT REWOOWWRNS:

b

SWOMINGON RWNAIMDE
bo bo
NS bh

pa
=

bo

oF ®w
i

DOABMDARWNHWHRDAoONb:
BONE ONKFOFROCORWNHEHW:
DP BRR WWD RRP OOHPNOHONW:

arp mcownmc tots wots ome

iss)
ro
D>

ot
o>
©
bo

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or

- 47° 13/ E.
52 52 E.
16

ne
aj fee tee

A WAM tm ta
DA

nmi a ws

Pi bd is Pb id td Bt

Rann aA

CMH TWBROHP ON BRENPHOPO: FF tte st

nanny

H

' Computed from the resultants for the

Seasons.

“a

(Nos. 185(a) to 186(/).)

Place of
observation.

185(a@).
Moultan
(entire period).

186.
Peshawur.

186(a).
Rawulpindi.

186(0).

The two
preceding
combined.

186(c).
Lahore.

186(e).
Dalhbousee.

186(f).

Gurdaspur.

f
|
N
|
{
|
if
|
|
L
f
|
186(d).
Sialkote.
|
|
1
|
l

SERIES B. ZONE 12.

Time of
the year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
September)
November
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
April
May
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year
March
April
July
August
Autumn
December
February
The year
April
May

June
August
Autumn
December

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DirFERENT POINTS OF THE Compass.

TACT: 310°

The year

eB wr = .
I ~s WUNRWoaHOOhROOCWhNWOaT SB:

tween 8S. & E.

- 6 .
DPPRWOaTSTE Poet eoPp oe

or be-

Ww.
tween 8S. & W.

Ss.

NC) a :
IB WOPNERHOOGHEAUOH BOW:

=
mB Oo 2

or be-
tween N. & W.

NW.

a
Ion:

H
bo

HPhoH:
OoOrw-.

wb:
Se)

i Biko

it H
PS ore)

=
OAAGDRE BwWopob

oH
o-r

variable,

! Calm or

5 rare |

Baan A AAA A A

HNO) BBE?

Northern India.— Continued.

Direction of
resultant.

55
6
11
18
39
13
19
31
2 21
59
3
1
58
34
39
4l
43
7
40

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

. 83° 21/ W. |.
29 W. |.4¢
Diels
14 W.|.
45 W.|.
45 W.|.3:

N.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

azn mm ie

495

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

496

(Nos. 186(g) to 188(6).)

Place of
observation.

186(q).
Murree.

186(h).
Nos. 186(d) to
186(g) com-
bined.

187.
Kotgarh and
vicinity tor

1871.

187(a).
Lodianah.

188.
Dehra Doon,
1868 to 1870.

188(a).
Dehra Doon,
1871.

188(b).
Nos 187(a) to
188(a) com-
bined.

Time of the
year.

|
(| January
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring

| Summer
Autumn
Winter

| The year
| Spring

| Summer

| Autumn

| January

| February
The year

| January

| February
March

| April
May

June

| July
August

| September
October

| November
| December |
Spring

; Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year |
January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
| December
Spring
Summer
Autumn

| Winter

l) The year

WINDS OF

Northern India.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

a 3 A i
Sebati! ike re g
= of Be a ea s oe Se
2/25) @ |as| a |wié| Fae |S
Buel alle aj iene |S) |p | at
| Oo || Tey] Teh |) 0 ie || a
8 0 0 O20 27506
Bl, Le, lle Ss | ey es |B
By) PR Be Ze By) eh ay eh
(| hae | fahie BO Ghd TSS lies SRL aS! || 55
Pa ah ve a | 8
PA AS MO eee | Be 3G I
I ||e00) || Se lech eben
6] 0} 3) 3) 8] 5 26 | 10
He ey Sa Oh GB) Bohl GB
6) 3) 14) ab 1 |) DB ya
14] 3] 14] 9] 36] 11} 51 | 32
RM Fe ak} |) SUR) || BA
14] 1] 15 | 14] 22 | 14} 75 | 24
LON a7 ya Sono esomialG
96 | 18 | 64 | 70 |118 | 53 |190 | 95
58 | 40 | 65 | 58 | 72 | 49 |142 |102
75 | 29 | 98 | 89 | 87 | 81 |100 | 48
70 | 69 |154 | 42 | 52 | 23 1177 |136
46 | 63 | 79 | 45 | 65 | 37 1126 | 63
Wie || 25) | cee 45))\029))| ee
Ue) || BS || | Aailles
TO AON 35 |) ao POU NBR sec
OH ZG Vee || en |) 20) || ZEA ows
D295) Sue SOe eel ec: || rao
5} 20] 17 |101 | 4] 4] 3/1 30
Sou lesa zaman eee nO
\ 0) 25/ 2/11! o| 5| 6| 69
Sil) (Ole Sal eee 24 Se eae aera aor
6| 1] 2) 6 | 23 | 35 | 29 | 13 | 55
D5 eal 620 42" 85) erie e53
3| 61] 3] 5 | 20) 33] 41 | 18 | 50
ZU By By RGIS are Bs | ie | RD
SS) eo azn ele eee eee eels
Tak | Ba P| NG) ei TS Ti. |) Be
3] 0] 5] 4] 19 | 31 | 15 | 30 | 79
4 1 Oe LOT SIGS Ave sol a8 0)
Gab ae Be Sh) Be) | Bay |) Bo. oe
4| 4] 3] 6 | 10 | 25 | 30 | 14] 94
BM ee OASIS os || Bia) es
8 | 14] 10 | 18 | 63 142 |118 | 45 |133
22| 6 | 12 | 13 | 46 |105 | 58 | 59 1230
14| 6] 4] 13 | 28 | 69 | 79 | 67 |267
12| 2] 9 | 10 | 65 | 94 | 85 | 51 |200
56 | 28 | 35 | 54 |202 |410 |340 |222 |830
ie : iE
10 | 60 | 43 | 48 | 64 |188 |154 |146 |133
27 | 45 |122 |114 | 50 /130 |104 |.89 |230
22 | 29 | 51 | 55 | 33 | 94 1109 163 |267
12 | 48 | 56 | 21 | 65 |139 |133 120 |200

THE GLOBE.

Monsoon
ez influences.
£8
Direction of 35
resultant. pee Direction.
a8 g
~—o [-)
a
8. 76° 23/ W.}.291| 8. 69° W.|.06
N.19 48 W. 214 N. 31 E. |.29
5S. 82 26 W.).43 |S. 853 W.).20
8. 24 15 W.|.28 |S. 28 E. |.24
S. 81 14 W.|.27 z
N. 84 38 W.).194| N. 86 W.|.10
8. 7 10 w.|13m)|/S: Sie eeaede
N. 38 38 W.|.17 | N. 24 W.).12
N. 73 49 W.|.08 | N. 60 E. |.0244
N.83 5 W.|.10
S. 50 50 W.).25 |S. 71 W./.22
5. 88 20 E. |.272| N. 74 E. |.27
8. 33 51 E. |.095| N. 85 E. |.04
8S. 87 50 W./.113)S. 85 W.).08gf
S. 11 9 B. |,0ss
N. 24 43 W.|.414| N. 40 W.).20
S. 63 20 E. 1.46 |S. 50 E. |.66
N. 30 7 W.j.381 | N. 68 W.!.11
N. 28 23 W.|.53 | N. 42 W.!.32
N. 11 14 W.}.05
8. 59 51 W.).46 | 8. 394 W.| 125
S. 67 31 W.|.29 | N. 613 E. | .06
8. 82 39 W.|.29 | N. 16) Ee} da
S. 62 22 W.|.364)5. 2 W.! .02¢
8. 66 49 W.).35
AN GL OV
8. 66 O W.
5. 86 0 W.
8. 70 0 W.
5. 38 0O W.
N.20 OE.
Sk 0), CONAN
8. 77- 0 E.
5. 64 O W.}-
IN ae OWS
N.48 0 W.
beth kD Vivo
8. 74 29 W.|.33 |S. 744 W.} .117
S. 13.37 W.j.11 | S. 74. E. | 19
N. 83 51 W.|.22 | N. 7 W.) .09
S. 77 22 W.|.27 |S. 3 W.! .06
8. 74 9 W.].212

SERIES B. ZONE 12. LAT. 30° TO 35° N. 497

(No. 188(e).) Ladak, Thibet.
Observations taken in the month of September, 1871.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

| | Direction of Ratio of
N.E. or S. E. or S.W.or N.W.or| Calm resultant. resultant #
North.| betw’n| East. | betw’n| South.) betw’n| West. | betw’n| or va- to sum of jf
N. & E. 5S. & E. 5.&W. N.& W.| riable. winds.

9 11

September 0 S. 70° 55/ W. -55

a | 2

(Nos. 189 to 193.) China and Southern Japan.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Decima, Japan, during the years 1845 to 1848, and 1852 to 1855—7 years.

Nangasaki, Japan, during an aggregate period of 64 years, from 1848 to 1855.

Shanghae, China, by Dr. D. B. McCartee, trom November, 1850, to October, 1852, inclusive; also
for two years by another observer in the years 1867 to 1869.

Simoda, Japan, by officers attached to the expedition under command of Commodore Perry, for
an aggregate period of 76 days.

Tinghai, China, by Champenois, from September, 1860, to February, 1861, inclusive.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
Points oF THE COMPASS.

Direction of |

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation. year. Direction.

Calm or var.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Number of days.

S. 253°R.
S. 404 E,
N. 26 W.|.
N. 373 W.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

|

189. 4
190. Autumn

}

(

Shanghae

=
~T0 60 wor AT

Ww

Tinghai. Winter
191.
Decima.!
January
February |
March
April
May
June
July
August
September 171
October 260
November 255
December /291
Spring 489)
Summer 217)
Autumn 1686 11)
Winter |732 11
The year? | ...|.-.| .:./..

193. Spring | 3
Simoda. { Summer |

4
| 2

bo

| 2|

ORF £ W710

5
2
2
4
2
1
0

24|
26|
0} 33|
0} 17}
1/126
14214 11
0) 83) 0
1 57 1

0
0
5| 7] 0
| 84 4 5
102 12/10
140) 8/18)N. 20 25 W.!.17
95) 8) IIs. 30 W.|.41 |
|196/13) 5|N. 8 38 E. |.45 |
285 27/17)N. 13 42 W.|.67 |
| fice terleee|eceN. 12 47 W.].22

3] 2) 21) 5) 3 2) 2 0} SiN. 76 52 B.r}12 | .........

0 0 WH 0 1 4 /45 0 E.7}.04 |...
ea || |

BTR TOROCOHHUa BO
ASSoCOnwamMHe SHo

1
3
1
0
6
0
0
0
3
6
7
0
9

WPWwodbEPHOoNooOOHE

SW! TSOMHNOCOHHEWoOSoOHwL,

1 Observations not received in time for insertion. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

63 April, 1875.

498 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 194.) Pacific Ocean.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 865 days, collected and classified, from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States. Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

| RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT

POINTS OF THE COMPASS. e a a
— = =e S
IT ey eS a5 | 5
| a

Place of Time of (| | .| lis | Direction of RS a
observation, the year. 1A a} rai il = S |e} |= = | resultant. Seg g

| eae | ees . 3 ,o men eet] aes A eS 5
£/4/F) 2) 2 ui| wi] 3 jail E 2) 8 AE ele Sa E

|| =| & 5 C) 5 SES UN thse cS a2o
2\2|/4| 4] 2 Bla |ala lala |e e |Elalalo “ba A

fil

eae |
Spring 9757/9252 58/18) 38/19) 47 26
Summer {2119/39/86 220/86/130

59/25 2'7/33/65|48/28| N. 15°35/E. | .22 | 263
| | (75 |147 80|164|99 101|10/23| 3/33] S. 12 30 E, -34 | 449
Autumn /|14/18/28/24' 51) 9) 29| '7| 40/26] 18/19) 33) 4/21) 8/10] S. 49 52 E. -13 | 120
Winter 28) 4/21) 3, 2) 1] 11) 0} 4 1| 3] 1) 3] 3/22) 2) 2) N. 4 53 E. 46 37
The year! le eeai|ees 6o||) eos|{cea|!) <dps'||aec|| coolloo. 655|heos|loca lit N. 48 18 E. -09 | 865

i sisi|5 18 |

if
194.
Longitude 4
|
l

120° to 150° E.

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Addendum to Zone No. 12.

Observations at Bagdad, by Dr. Schlapli, in July and August, 1861, and from March to Sep-
tember, 1862, and of Lieut. Collingwood, in the years 1850 to 1852, in all 22 months. At Samana,
on the lower Euphrates, by Dr. Schlapli, from September, 1861, to February, 1862, 6 months.

Time of the

Place of observation. year. North, N. W.
(| Spring 79 5 3 90 55 50 60 670
| Summer 5 10 0 20 | 10 1b 10 930
183(a). Bagdad. | Autumn 50 30 30 125 10 25 20 710
| Winter 20 5 10 310 30 70 10 550

+ The year os ote on ons om ee = on
= fj | Autumn 120 0 140 170 0 0 20 550

183(6). Samana. 1 | Winter 40

ZONE No. 13.

LATITUDE 25° To 30° Nortu.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at over
115 stations on land, for an aggregate period of over 280 years; and at sea for
about 23 years. ‘The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. |_ No. of | Aggregate length of time.
|Stations. |

Pacific Ocean, sone 12 years 10 months.
Mexico, 10+ 3 years 4 months.
United States, 64 217 years 11 months.
Atlantic Ocean, adc nearly 10 years.
Islands of the Atlantic, 2 over 4 years 1 month.
Africa, 15> 3 years 3 months.
Persian Gulf, ood 145 days.
Asia, 24 4] years.
Islands of the Pacific, 2 118 days.

SERIES B. ZONE 13. LAT. 25° TO 30° N. 499

(Nos. 1 to 5.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

Computed from observations for an aggregate period of about 13 years, collected and classified
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT 5, 0 Monsoon

Pomnv’s OF THE COMPASS. BS influences. 2

lhe EF) em aI ae E la | Whee

Place of Time of the e i Direstionlor zs be S
observation. year. 2 A fe gj a iB s E ey = 3| resultant. 3 Direction, : 3
S/S /4)e) el alea la |S fale [ae Rle le S| £9 Pallas

BlAIA [Ala lala lo |e lel a [ELEIE| 2 |e O| a | 2

| | ee eSe |

4 (| Spring 44/191)284/443'167| 66) 56) 22) 2439) 13,1112,17 30 52124 N. 61° 02/ EB. | .66] N. 498 |
‘mde || Summer | 16) 9) 37/158/119|131) 26) 51] 1030) 925] 817, 33/13] 7|N. 88 23 B. | 52/8. | 233
pougta © | Antamn /126/188/340|322|363/184/171| '70| 81.53) 78|56/93/38| $7|/31|90|N. 72 23 EB. | .43 |S. : 790
ae | Winter | 2| 3) 33/ 15| 37/ 11; 1/ 0} 7 0| 12] 0| 0] | 2] oj 1/N. 78 59 E. | .63]S. | 4 |
Be FEF" | cool! coal! coal! con! cool! coal} cosll! Goal! caolleosl] aonlloostlceslleoall cell eae lecell Nh, 6) 2B TL || B51! oro onecos 1562

5 (| Spring 6) 6] 18; 0] 11) 1| 19) 4) 0) O| 0} 3] 1] 0} 3] Oj 1|N. 77 53 E. | .50|N i. 24
Longitude || Summer | 9) 12) 72) 30) 63] 13/12) 5) 8) 3| 6] o| 4) 3) 0) 2 1) N. 71 25 B | 67 | N 5 | eae Gil
mae © 3| Autumn 125) 55|352)163)257|/134|249|134/137/52/103)26|65/16) 64/2471) N. 85 43 HE. | .38 |S .| .08 | 676
155° W | | Winter | 14) 6] 33| 10} 21) 7 13] 18] 7] 4! 12) 3|17| 8] 16) 0) 2)N. 67 45 EB. | 17/8 all 6 64
IL} Ding Speer! |) Sect Soel! ccell teal] aoe! ai 520l|ee5|| cballooel|icelloccl| “ocelfaelloon| ING UCU ey OS 84s 1) ee “ ... | 845

B Spring 3) 17] 38] 13] 6) 10} 0} 3) 0) 0] 6| 3) 3] Oj 10) 1) 4|N. 43 35 B. ).55)S. 86 EB. | .07| 39
‘inde || Stmmer | 11) 33) 82) 11) 3) 2) 0) 0) 0) 2) 4/ o| 0) 1) 1) 1) 9/N. 38 36 BE. | .80|N. 41 EB.) 29) 53
et *3| Autumn | 72) 17/119) 9) 9) 8) 18} 5] 10) 3) 16]11) 9) 3) 18] 8/13|N. 28 21 KE. | .48|N. 68 W.| .07 | 116
Nige Wy: Winter | 17] 11) 38] 11} 9| 15] 13) 2) 7 0} 14/15|21| 3) 8) 3) VIN. 34 48 BE. |.18|S. 39 W.) 31) 65
Ing FOE |) caal] cael!’ 'aa6|} “Sas|| coell: Gael! Ba sesfece| eefeeefeesfere| cee]eee]eo]N. 37 10 BE. | 65]... | 273

4 (| Spring 32} 28) 50] 5] 15) 0) 10] | 1) 0| 3) O| 0] 0} 13) 9) 2/N. 29 55 EB. | .63) N. 15 W.) 01] 56
Toneitude || Summer | 39| 82/ 71) 33| 3, 0) 0 0) 0) 0) 0/0) 0 Oo} 2 5) 4)N. 31 22 B. | 90) N. 315 H. | 28] 80
Tue a ®4| Autumn | 26) 55| 62) 66] 13/ 5| 9| 8] 9| 8] 5)/15| 3) 4|-11/23/20|N-38 56 EB. |.51| South. | .14| 114
eee || Winter | 24) 36) 55) 35] 16) 12/ 8) 1) 6] 5| 13|/9|14)12) 20/97) 7|N. 22 28 B. | 42/8. 48 W.| .22| 100
(L|) Tlie SAE |] oco|! o5e|) 53)! coal) cool!) coal} cool] “oxH}) cosllecol| cso||osoyicao|locell ecollesolloco|| No Gl TE) IO | 4 )) | eeacogens oo || SOO)

; (| Spring 25} 8] 2| O} 1) 0} 0} 6} 0} 2) J) Oo} 110) 49/32) 5|N. 27 45 W.|-85|N.57 W.|.16| 45
‘ide || Summer | 21) 17) 28| 5) 0} | 2 O| Oj 1) 6} 1) 7 3) 40/36) 2)N. 9 58 W.|.77|N.52 Hi | .16| 54
Tongitude | autumn |100| 87| 81| 24; 2) 0) 19| 3] 3] 2] 14/20/48/38/315|94\16|N. 24 25 W.! .67|S. 20 W.| .05 | 289
fone wy. || Winter | 91] 76] 41) 25| 4) 9) 11) 4] 5] 7| 10\24/40/44/177/89]13|N. 23 29 W.| .62| 8. 64 B. | .09 | 224
{ Me S77" |) Goal] Sa5}} cool]. cooll coool} aoe vee] ceefece| see]eee[erefore| seofere{ee-|N. 21 31 W.|.71) ..-.-...- |... | 612

' Computed

from the resultants for the seasons.
(Nos. 6 to 8.) Eastern Mexico, latitude 25° to 27°.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Matamoras, from March to September, 1843, and from November, 1846, to May, 1848, both
inclusive.

Monterey, Saltillo, Chino, Como, Rio Grande City, Moquete, Toya, St. Theresa, San Francisco,
and other places, by Louis Berlandier, M.D., for an aggregate period of 72 days, during transient
sojourns, about the year 1820.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ies a
A ce = JE ae) 2
Place of Time of 3 o2 By S23 ES Direction of 2 oS
observation. the year. Le ay Bap Ble | el resultant. ue be
| ° ° ov
Pell asdled allo deh heat a] | B or] os on |
= |AS| @ las] 3 |S) 8 jesse Se || 2
lz |we| a |u| a lost| Eee lS | A
(| Spring 0. 1 0. 40| fej) a 0} 10 1] S. 35°59/E.27? | .59 | 15
Summer 0 3 2| 128 Qe O il 15| S. 41 12 Hr? | .82 | 14
6. Monterey, etc. | Autumn GQ oO a) Bp A Ol O|- @ 0| S. 45 © E.?7?) .88 3
| | Winter 13| 18 0 9 2) 5 2) 4 8! N. 32 48 B.?? Mere 40
LN) Blaney see ce" |] cco. | don [ese 2 ||! oto |! cas ||) Gen I ose I! one S. 59 15 E.?? | .49 72
(| Spring 114; 100) 303) 487) 319) 83 | 21 | Wie |} alal(|| fSi XO) 2) 19 AT 276
| | Summer 8| 88} 400} 289) 66) 37 | @ || Ge) |i gery Sh yl By abe 63 184
7. Matamoras. Autumn | 121} 77] 203) 99) 50) 30) 7] 9 5| N. 82 6 E. 49 | 151
Wiuter 214) 81 105) 72) 172) 24 || 13 || 25 0) N. 73 29 E. 24 181
(|| Sines sreemttel) ase |} epee ie eeaclhueds t) ceo ll bear eee. thaceee |} as el) fb. Gir ellen 142, | 792
(| Spring 114) 101) 303 527) 327) 84 | 21. 87 | 118) S. 49 46 E. 47
8. Summer 8} 91) 402, 417| 75) 44 | 6 | 30 | 136} S. 66 22 E. 634
The two preceding | Autumn 121} 77) 204) 102) 51) 30 | 7 9 5) N. 82 47 E. 494 |
combined. Winter 927| 99) 105| 81] 174) 29 | 15 | 29 8) N. 69 33 E. 244 |
| The year! onl leceo | sau heesed [ni saey_|peesetal Lee : | 8. 76 5 E. 43 |

.

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

500 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 9 to 12.) Southwestern Texas, latitude 29° to 30°.
Observed at the following military posts by the officers in charge, viz. :—

Aggregate

Place of observation., By whom observed, length of Date.

Fort Clark, Post Surgeon, 1852 to 1861 inclusive, and 186).
Fort Inge, Post Surgeon, s 1850 to 1854 and 1858 to 1861, both inclusive.
Fort Lincoln, Post Surgeon, 1849 to 1852 inclusive.

|

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the

observation. year. Direction.

variable.
tosum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween 8. & W.
Calm or

N. Eo

| N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

| January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
| Summer 6301193
Autumn 44) 690 871
Winter 459) 392
he py.ears ir. assem | ete eee
| Spring 62 59) 372
10 [eee 5 Me ae
‘S utumn US 7
or eC Sa i iweriter 95 67, 204
| The year | ... en cos
January ; 194) 77
February 162, 120
March 221) 64
April 186) 159
| May 45} 321 206
| June 50) 227) 193
July 46| 334) 189
fl August 3} 68) 290) 282
Routaes | September 150| 206 167
Be. October 2| 123] 194) 192
| November 150} 129) 165
| December 154) 113; 104
| Spring 247| 728 429
| Summer 164! 851) 664)
Autumn | 423) 529) 524!)

|

Winter 32| 353) 469) 301

The year 7,1187|/2577 1918

12 Spring © 314) 787 801
Fonts Tineola Summer | 184) 919 1109

a tae Autumn 537| 574 721) 209)

an ‘i es Winter 27| 500} 5386) 505

comibinee: The year |1017|1535 see

9
Fort Clark.

.

> COmNwoowoowococcosgcceo

*

te bl ad fd ft Ed a tt tr

igehigee

ororgy
maueoce

=
I

mo
Rw

fgets he eles Peiceltelieilr-ilorlter]
uo
ies)

bed bet bet bet bt bet et bt

x
bo
&

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SPI IR ILI TS 15 74) 18) IB, IL IN PAS VIO! BMS ays = 501

(Nos. 13 to 15.) Southern Central Texas, latitude 29° to 30°.
Observed as follows :—

4 Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. length of
time.

New Braunfels, | A. Forke & Otto Friedrich, "| 1854 to 1860 inclusive.

San Antonio, F. Pettersén, M.D.,& others, 1846, 1849 to 1852, 1857 to 1861, both inclusive, }
and 1872. h
Sisterdale, Ernest Knapp, 1860.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place of Time of the
observation, year.

& E.

Direction of

resultant, Direction.

to sum of winds.

i. or be-
tween S.
S. W. or be-
tween 8. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

variable,
Ratio of resultant

5.

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumu
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
7 A.M.

1S}
San Antonio.

13(a).
San Antonio,
Number of
observations.

oO
So

DA ANNONA
~I
i
i Heian
Poo wad s
le>MesfeoMes esi ->ies}le>|

(o ee)
aoe

[ve

= 5
OM OS OI} OO

Miles per hour.

ES Mies Wo olor)
ISIS
pQpaiGe ono

bo
AIDODBDOCONMOWOHOSOHNY
loo Sr Suro}
ofa raat

Dore. i
SROSWOMODNMDSCOGHK IHN
==
oO: :

bo:

WOTSSSCOMTEREMN WAH

Spring

iw}

Wp tb

=
aS Gye cee Ose eID s
SEONOERONmANOUMERAATOUN WDA GOaATH

bo
iss)

] Autumn

oO

Winter

Number of miles.!

p> Up

The Year

SS 5 tr ete c—. >
St

mM

Oren oO OO

So Oe

i i

So mT

&

OoOnmaTOoObW TO N72 AT

—
Hoe
nee

Weelotalie, S01) 9 s..1.-- 4| 261|1869

1 Observed with Robinson’s anemometer for the hour preceding each of the three observations 7 A.M., 2 P.M. |
and 9 P.M., and the resultants computed by plotting.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

WINDS OF

(Nos. 14 and 15.)

Time of
the year.

Place and
kind of
observations.

or be-
tween 8S. & E,

S. E.
W. or be-

tweenS. & W.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E,

deer Son
Summer
]| Autumn
| | Winter
L The year?
( Spring
; | | Summer
Autumn
| Winter
| The year?
Spring 10-32
Summer | 4.26)5.
Autumn Ae
Winter 9.9
Spring
Summer

No. of ob-
Sal

1166 1679
1484 1334
491 625
386 905) 4

No. of
miles

6.78 8.27
§.65 6.01|5.
5.646.514.
10.22 7.74

1016) 864
1533/1371
Autumn 782 683 514
Winter 1173 545, 446
The year? mani |Aeenetal lt tae acd, || ead
Spring 27 31; 72
Summer 21 19) 62
Autumn 18 14; 41
Winter 17 10} 22
| The year?
Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year?

fels in 1854, 55, 56 & °57.!

mniles p.h’r.

615
223

Surface M’n vel. in
wind.
om ee)

g Motion

combined. of clouds.

1047, 936
1552 1433
697 555
595) 468

709
764
616
461

642
244
800
1190

vations at all stations.

precedin

a
i=]
3S
aa]
Ee
2
aq
=
os]
nn
oc
S
=
Ee
oD
Ss)
€
Fe}
op
as
al
1
be
vo
n
-Q
°
—
°
m
©
2
S
a
=]
Aa
D
~
3
as
o
i
ow
of
<
iS
al

—
9
Co

W. or be-
tween N.& W.

N.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

THE GLOBE.

Southern Central Texas.— Con linued.

Direction
of resultant.

Calm or
to sum of winds.

variable.

Ratio of resultant

+1996)
420
. 240
.249
184
-179
594
|.292
-361
| .210

Hw wwos
cc W Nate a >
bed bd et Bat bt ft bt bt =

ama ae

bol bol ty)

PERE ddgdgdgebeee

Eee eo

lotobotiot

| Direction.

Monsoon
influences.

1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Winter.

The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the ae ae move with the foregoing
average velocity

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the ‘winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . . . ° 6 .

Excess of the latter over the former . . . < 2 °

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 16 to 20.)
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

length of

Place of observation. By whom observed.

Texas, latitude 28° to 29°.

Date.

6.96

Aransas Bay,
Fort Duncan,

L. Berlandier, M.D., & F. Kaler,
Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

Post Surgeon,

John C. Brightman,

Post Surgeon,

James Gardiner,

William Coleman,

Fort Ewell,
Fort Merrill,
Goliad,
Indianola,
Port La Vaca,
Texana,

Srornwoo® |

1820 and 1860.

1849 to 1861 inclusive.
1852, 1853 and 1854.
1851 to 1855 inclusive.
1858.

1868 and 1869.

1859 and 1869.

1859.

Te

(Nos. 16

Place and
kind of
} observations.

Ue
Fort
Ewell.

18.
Fort
Merrill.! 4

19.
Long. 98°
to 100.!

Surface
wind

longitude 98°.2
Motion

20. Southern Texas, east of
combined. of clouds.

The two

—

SERIES B.

to 20.)

Time of
the year.

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yea13
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

ZONE 13.

AM. Bee iO) SO int 503

Texas.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE CoMPASs.

influences,

tween N. & E.
S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.

| N. E. or be-

bo
~T
~I

336
358
399
473
434
543
508
| 397
358
246
| 267
| 504/1230
593)1485
556|1001
| 167) 880
4596
300
386
229

52

286
382
267
AG
586
768
496
98
438
514
367)
147)
40
37
29}
30)

551
396

478] 23

177

|
|

S. W. or be-
tweens. & W.

Direction of
resultant.

or be-

| Direction.

Calm or
variable.
to sum of winds.

N. W.
tween N. & W.
Ratio of resultant

| Number of days.

~)
SS)

lon § i Mor)
ce longi

°

H Nee pp
TOT Or 0
S

DANNNNANNNNANNM
lor)
pan
or
i
teh fb bt bd bet bt bt et ttt

on
=

~

i
“Tb

© Go HS 09 09
Pea oo
Se)
No

oe
© oy

NEN tol

AAA EALAAAPAAE A
BRM Edddqqehben

1 Observed at Forts Ewell and Merrill.
2 Observed at Aransas Bay, Goliad, Indiauola, Port La Vaca and Taxana.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 21 to 25.)

Observed as follows :—

Aggregate

San Patricio,

Ringgold Barracks,
Rio Grande City,

Post Surgeon,
L. Berlandier,
J. O. Gaffney,

a few days,
9

a few days,
il

Place of observation. By whom observed. pene ea Date.
yrs. mos.
Corpus Christi, Post Surgeon, 3 1844, 1846, 1851, 1854, 1855 and 1856.
Fort Brown, Post Surgeon, | 10 + 1849 to 1861 inclusive, and 1869.
Fort McIntosh, Post Surgeon, 9 6 1849 to 1859 inclusive, and 1869.
Fort Polk, Post Surgeon, 0 6 August, 1849, to January, 1860, inclusive.
Laredo, L. Berlandier, 1820 to 1825.

1849 to 1860 inclusive.
1820 to 1825.
1859 and 1860.

o04

(Nos

Place
observa

21.

Forts McIntosh
and Laredo.

23.

San Patricio and
Corpus Christi.

24.

Forts Brown
and Polk.

25.

Forts Brown

and Polk
bined w

Matamoras.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

. 21 to 25.)

Southern Texas.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

of
tion.

Time of the
year.

Direction
of resultant.

. E. or be-

Direction,

to sum of winds.

variable,

tween N. & EB.

S. E. or be-

tween 8. & E.
tween N.& W.
Ratio of resultant

Oalm or

ee)
a
i
A

T

Spring | 386 Salta
Summer | 153] 4661978
Autumn 615) 318 1397
| Winter 3) 483) 206 781
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter

| The year |
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
| Autumn
| Winter |
| The year! |

95) |
299
269)
268

5. 69°10’ E.
51 24 KE.
77 33 E.
65
67
50
35
73
58
55
84
41
84
43

: IO RS
DARNNMANMiInM Ann AIAN wt

+ 09
ie)

al
786
399)
348)
2044)
165)

999
Zon

119
44

349 1114
234 1447
| 339) 498| 863
293| 317) 577
843 1398 4001
| 109) 130, 488
91) 129) 737
188| 123) 398
2| 173| 70) 246

141
70

510) |
590} 286) 53
402) 162) 180
430 176) 133}

403 1131
320 1874
6101173
402 683

| 209
140
| 553
326

706)1618) 829)
720 2163| 656)
813 1272) 452
507) 755) 602

eos | wee nee

281| - 63) 212
323| 59]
192) 187
200} 146

309
228
630

407

com-

ith 755

ted Ed dt tt tt ed ed td tt tt dd

|

(Nos.

1! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

26 and 27.) Southeastern Texas, latitude 29° to 30°.

Observed as follows :—

Place of observation.

Aggregate
length

By whom observed. of time.

Date.

Cedar Grove,
Clinton,
Columbus,
Galveston,
Gonzales,
Helena,
Houston,
Lockhart,
San Felipe,
Yorktown,

m

O
a

Hennell Stevens, 1867, 1868 and 1869.
1869.

September, 1859.

1840, 1851, 1852 and 1869.
1859, 1860 and 1861.
1857.

1867, 1868 and 1869.
1869.

1820 to 1825.

1869.

Dr. W. G. De Graffenried,

Drs. C. H. Wilkinson and H. A. McComly,
M. H. Allis, «

Jno. C. Brightman,

Miss E. Baxter,

wWwowonwnr oro

)
SCOP SoHorNOCON?,

4

Louis Berlandier, M.D.,

oy
re
wu

Time of
the year.

tion.

'
3
>
me
o
a

2
°

al
°
o
o

a

Ay

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

5
L

Calm or var.

E
z

N. N.W.

Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring |
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

No. of miles.

26. Galveston.

2764

531
1227
1894

|

1| 478
216) 535

5/1320
24) 661
167, 277
301) 348
428) 358
101
121
| 242)
, 108
195
2258/2)
807)
471| 51)
1208} 24;
4744/363 2489

464| 2
997)

| 2297
2052) :
325 2851
1610 644
9 | 1831
81 739
473 417
1530 399
2485 745
2098 A475
3946 7100
1700 3214
4488 1561
5393 1936
15527 13811

332
613
1678
1726
4047
1366|
261
538
180
401
664
189
| 7451
2165/1134
1245| 265
1134] 249

2136
744
641

2186
132
388

30
13
10
668
2388
2172
2959
431
3066
5052
11508

lor}
pe i
wont

103
51

128) 574
01169

136] 662
4| 365

282)2149

2675 559
2940/1339
2266) 191
3] 2779| 51

599/3182
1021 6358/1831 10660)2140

me
Si
NS

. |N.

46

|

2870 11995 1844 _ 44 E.

| |

28° 42’ E. |.
6 E. |.
22 8 E. i.
10 48 BE.

SVB IRIS 15 ZAIN WB INN BHO NO) BOO Ist. d0d

(No. 27.) PU ONSES ERE BEBE: Carin ued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

influences,

=

tween N. & E.

Kind of Time of
observations. the year.

N. E or be- 5

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn -
Winter
The year!
Spring
| Summer 3} 241
Autumn EB 36] 268
Winter 3] 231) 182)
Aas) SVE! NH cos |!) Goo | coe

Y
at
He
ws

a

servations.
Motion

27. Aggregate number of ob-

The two
combined. of clouds.

424
528
273
247

Direction of

resultant. Direction,

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

27° 48/ E.
28 23
. 82 30
21 44
46 26
19 27
3 26
) AT
24
48 Pils
32 HE. |.254) 5. 8° W.|.
5 | S. 152 EH. | .2
Ie AUG 1.6 Nhs
N. 25} W.| -

mss Tb Ms
Ga eau seas
> io

' Computed from the resultants for

(Nos. 28 to 32.)
Observed as follows:—

Place of observation. By whom observed.

Aggregate
length
of time.

the seasons.

Attakepas,

Fort Jackson, Post Surgeon,

Frank’s Island,

New Orleans, Barton, Little and others,!

N. Orleans Barracks, Post Surgeon,

1843.

1832.

1843.

1826, 1835 to 1842, 1848 to 1850, 1854 to 1861}
and 1867 to 1869, all inclusive. H

1826, 1838 to 1840, 1843 to 1853, and 1855 |
to 1859, all inclusive.

Place and Time of the
kind of year.
observations.

tween N. & EB.

N. E. or be-

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
28. August

New Orleans. { September

Barracks. October
November
December | 292
Spring | 62
Summer | Si
Autumn 680
Winter | 766
The year? |
|

ww
oO
>

tweenS & KE.

146
172
194
248
277
244
143

134|

110
114
194
127

719,

521
418

445)

“140|

217)

261| 193)

319)
250)
220|
169)
112

61

99)
121
152)
830)
501
281
509)

tween 8. & W.

120
160

137
149
189
171
101

53

42

93
111
479
461
188
391

Shela

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DI¥FERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

influences.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.

Calm or
Ratio of resultant

N, W. or be-
tween N. & W. |

ye)
NSDOW1ISh
DO Se TT OW GO

|S. 61°28/ B.
.. |§. 22 34 H. |.2
- |N. 53 26 E. 1.38
|N. 28 E. |.1i
|N. 84 39 EF. |

1 Lewis B. Taylor, Dr. S. P. Moore, Harrison Thompson, R. W. Foster and HE. L. Ranlett.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

64 May, 1875.

306

(Nos. 29 to 32.)

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Southeastern Louisiana.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. $2 influences.
— : = sa
8 Ei A iE Fie
Place and Time of the | 32 4 oy ig | Direction of BS |
kind of year. | Bz asl by be eo resultant, ag Direction.
observations, ellie (horn leeul le | ce (2S aa ¢
Bee) a ee) Sie Ee eee ZS 5
z\Z=| & |at| & |et| B | ee Is fe Ee
cs ( Spring 825 1014/1190 1111 1146 804, 587) 712) 45/8. 66°16/E. |.15
a 8a [ Summer | 402) 456) 759)1003) 741) 918) 436) 384/113/S. 21 29 E. |.23
8 £3 | Autumn 904 1175|1000| 713) 368) 359) 287) 595| 63|N. 53 9 E. |.31
3 BE Winter 1087 1421/1130) 748) 703) 586) 530! 1010) 58|N. 40 55 E. |.21
n a Mh ery.careg |ieesen| eesallmene poe ||hseey || Sace wee) ||| eee NG OS eel SES LDS,
= «3 {| Spring Gy) ALM 14] 61) 56) G4) 16) ...|S. 51 52 W.).48 | 8. 49° W.).23
~ alte! Summer | 34] 44] 68) 19) 39) 40| 60] 12) ...|S. 65 43 E. |.054|N. 64 E. |.28}
y a0 | Autumn 11 8 9} 11) 20) 16) 29 13] ... |S. 63 57 W.|.26 | N. 41 W.!.04
= | = | | Winter 26] 16) 23) 13) 43) 52) 54) 213) ...1S. 59 21 W.|.29 |S. 86 E. |.05
= oS (ebayer eam | eecell eeeetn lees Wy c03,i Is eban|) Ea wetl|tecalliSe OL LOM. (=20
sy oa [| Spring 844)1025)1195)1125/1207| 860) 651] 728] 45|S. 60 58 E. |.14 |S. 12 W.|.082)
et e 2 | | Summer 436) 500] 8277/1022) 780 958) 496) 396/113)8. 22 5 E. |.213| 8 15 W.|.23
4 35 {| Autumn 915)1183/1009) 724) 388) 375) 316) 608] 63|N. 52 57 E. |.303| N. 31 E. |.20
= ig || Winter 1113)1437|1153) 761) 746) 638) 584) 1031) 58|N. 38 48 EB. |.19 | N. 93 14
ReelSaAHe I smbeeha VEN NE Aes dll Ife dae Moss cee love lt ceo ||| ae |! oe [No GB 2H ToL avaY
Se (44 (| Spring 78| 93) 181) 104) 113] 51) 63 53] ... |S. 72 49 E. |.200 S. 16 W.|.05
S o8 | | Summer 51) 51] 61} 104) 128} 28) 34 18] ...|]S. 40 34 E. |.308) S. 14 W.|.22
ca) ‘oS {| Autumn 66) 66} 53) 58) 38) 13) 24 22) ...|N. 66 29 E. |.284 N. 23 KE. |.14
eS 6 & | | Winter 131) 121] 102) 94) 91) 33) 49 79| ... |N. 53 57 E. |.218) N. 12 W.|.14
3 Preah feed Pally sha <at> | Vice lasers al linc farce ll leze ll Meee | Negehnll eaoe ||leeg SS SR Ss TEL I aay
i = Spring 706) 824) 633) 475) 478) 228) 275| 545) ...|N. 46 15 E. |.237| S. 72 W.!.05
E2a | Ele a | Summer 286) 437| 299} 503) 527) 136) 102 85| ...|5. 65 21 E. |.298/ §. 103 E. |.31
Pee ]ol J | Autumn 492) 513} 272) 238) 126 62) 119) 157) ...|N. 39 47 E. |.373) N. 12 E. |.¥0
Pao s Par | | | Winter 1179]1090) 488] 453| 332] 146] 216] 772) ...|N. 22 16 E. |.394 N. 20 W.|.20
ei (i eibemyears.eo gee. Allene ss 46 = -|N. 46 54 E. |.277
eae 2 . (| Spring 9.05/8.86/4.83/4.57/4.23 4.474, 37 10.28
5 = 2 || Summer [5.61/8.57/4.90/4.84 4.12)/4.86 3.00) 4.72
a | $3} | Autumn |7.45)7.77,5.13/4.103.324.77 4.96) 7.14
fo” aD Winter 9.00/9.01/4.78/4.82)3.65/4.42/4.41) 9.77
1g as The year3
‘(eRe 4 {| Spring 10} 8) 4) 35] »45) 50) 59 WPA ero {lS 8. 55 W.|.29
o az Summer 27| 27) 54) 15) 35) 28) 50 UT) one |[hSx, N. 69 E. |.27
a £2 | Autumn kay 7 7 8) 12) 14) 20 Gi reeet iS N. 12 E. |.08
Ss 33 | | Winter 26| 16| 23) 13| 438) 52) 54) 21) ... |S. 5 S. 83 W.!.02
Omi Mle sya ral ere |erecema | teseal |eee eral | econ | areca (arse secnel) SaaS
Spring 194; 480] 289] 387| 310} 321) 127) 302) 44/S. ; 8. 22 W.).06
ale Summer 131} 213) 244) 482) 240) 457) 127) 124/113]S. i S. 16 W.!.30
New Orleans, Autumn 223) 535) 260) 284; 86) 168) 85 248| 57|N. 51 6 E. |.303 N. 25 E. |.18
entire period. Winter 321| 684) 310, 303) 194) 195 144) 432) 58/N. 36 43 E.|.27 | N. 2 E. |.18
The year? | .. 3a46.||| Pee I sewet || leases alleeooun|ltFees reo. | cect) Near tsi Piston, ieeatts}
{| Spring 1} 13; 20); 27) 7 12) 6 6| ...|S. 55 44 EB. |.39
29 | | Summer 2|° 19} 10) 26) 10) 20 0 5| ... |S. 45 41 E. |.364
Fort JaGlegon 4} Autumn O27) lS lS aed | el 5| ... |N. 84 54 E, |.33
; * || Winter S| 1) 10) 46) 12, 3 8) 7| «|S. 56 2 B }.15
| The year 21) 76 at 84) 42) 54, 15) 2 .. |S. 62 50 E. |.29
1 Except Fort Jackson.
2 Krom this table we obtain the following summary of results :—
Spring. |Summer.| Autumn.| Winter. | The year,
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 6.07 5.00 5.82 6.68 5.89
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the compass move with the foregoing
average velocity 6 ; 5 Q 1.21 1.54 1.65 1.46 1.22
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity, ;
as shown in the table above . 1.44 1.49 2.17 2.63 1.63
Excess of the latter over the former +.23 (i SEG. |) Seal a7) +.41

3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SI IR ILI IBS ZAG IVI, Bo TINA HS MNO) BOS I 507

(No. 33.) Eastern Texas, Louisiana and Florida.
ee a 2 Nini Sealy
-Place of Time of the 5 [2 4 ica] Z = % 5 ge Direction of a Be 5 =
i a = 5 is aol res § Sn BS! oo
observation. year. 5 Z 5 é & w = 215 2 resultant. esol As
| | | |
(| January 27) 60 | 12 | 33) 41) 21) 25) 29 N. 58° 18/ B. .08 | 248 §
February | 19) 43 | 9) 55 25) 40) 13) 22 5. 38 16 E. 16 217
March 9] 49 | 26 | 68) 13) 40) 19) 24 sh Wy ff 295 21 | 248
April 16) 53] 19 | 51) 20) 44) 22) 15) ... | &. 51 18 HE. 15 240 |
: May 52)169 | 79 | 219) 117| 136) 60) 58) 35) S. 45 7 E. 24 308 |
33. June 8) 51 | 18 | 64) 35) 35) 15) 15) ...| 8. 44 9 &F. 28 | 240
Latitude 29° to 30°.! July 0) 47} 18 | 77 32) 41) 23 9 8. 35 43 KE. 33 247
August 5| 41 | 26 68) 18) 40) 39) 1)... | S. 28 35 E- 25 248
September] 39/1483) 84} 147) 43) 64) 34] 30] 32] 8. 81 49 E. dl | 311
October 15/106 | 20 34 15) 24) 21) 15)... | N. 58 51 E. 33 248
November} 17] 54 | 26 | 46) 15) 14) 26) 44 N. 45 49 KE. 17 240
December| 1§] 54 | 21 | 47) 26) 15) 18) 42 N. 64 49 E. 16 241

! Observed at Galveston, Texas, Attakepas and Fort Jackson, Louisiana, and Apalachicola, St. Augustine t
and Fort King, in Florida, for an aggregate period of 84 years.

(Nos. 34 to 42.) Florida, latitude 29° to 30°.
Observed as follows :—

Aggregate
length of

Place of observation. By whom observed. time

a

m

a

Apalachicola, coe 0b. cob ono ben coco,
Atsena, Augustus Steele,
Cedar Keys, Post Surgeon,
Fairview, canes oped osneon coarce
Fort Fanning, Post Surgeon,

Fort King, Post Surgeon,

Fort Marion, Post Surgeon,

1843.

1854 to 1861 inclusive, except 1860.

1842.

1869.

January, 1843.

1833 to 1835 and 1841 to 1843, both inclusive.

1825, 1826, 1828, 1830 to 1833, 1837 to 1839, §
1841 to 1846, all inclusive, 1849, 1851 and 1852. }

1843, 1849 and 1850. :

1856 to 1861 inclusive.

1866, 1867 and 1868.

Fort Shannon, Post Surgeon,

Gainesville, Jas. B. Bailey,

Gordon, P. C. Garvin, M.D., and H.
B. Scott,

Micanopy, Dr. Jas. B. Bean,

Ocala, Edward Barker,

Pilatka, W.M. L. Fiske,

St. Augustine, J. Rodiman,

Pe
OHH wonpraTOWHO

ono ANSCOHAS

1858, 1859 and 1860.
1868 and 1869.
1862.

1835.

HORH
opr

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

& E.

Place of Time of the

Direction of
q Observation. year.

resultant. Direction.

I. or be-

to sum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

variable,

tween N.& I.
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

tween S.
s. Ww. or be-

N. E. or be-
s.

Spring | | ... |S. 32°42/ W.].
Summer Silt

Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December ¢ 9) Ai 26

Spring te) .. |S. 53 18 W.).23
Summer } j |... |S. 2 42 EB, |.27
Autumn 62 | .. |S. 39 57 E. |.05

| Number of days.

Winter 114 : 140, 177 0 j) a. |S. 14 29 W.|.074

The year!

S. 17 10 we

y Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

508 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 36 to 41.) Florida.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF 1HE COMPASS. influences.

& E.

Place and Time of |
kind of the year.

Direction of
resultant.

or bes
tween 8S. & W.

Direction.
observations

Ww. or be-
tween N.& W. |

E. or be-
Calm or

tween S
sum of winds.

N. E. or be-
tween N, & E.
variable,

N.

Ss.
Number of days.

|s. w.

| January
February
March
F April
Cedar Keys | | May
eel | June
Fort King duly,

: August |
SDIRAGE: September

October |
November
December
Spring
Suminer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

2° 28/ KE. |.12
39 25 W.!).
26
55
50
10

SURO Sein oye ees b
2 b 2b
sheislolsisisIsP-b-b-te

- ee
ST wpanonh=

Sic
Fort
Shannon.

38.
St. Augus-
tine.

2 A2AANAaAanmmm me mint

e
jan

|
The year |
|
| January
February |
March |
April
May
June
July
August
| September
| October
| November)
December
| The year 73 Al 8} 52
| Spring |. 363) 9: ¢ 83| 382) 535) 285
Summer | 3} $10 433/12 437| 562) 429
| Autumn 5/1465 403) 689 200} 245| 143
Winter 509/1019, 178) 426 304) 430) 475
Dheiye ar? )| eu l| esc regs | eek | reeees| mee | tesete | een eee
Spring 158] 406 189} 1: 96 276) |
Summer 75| 233 315} 344) 108 2); 308
Autumn 239| 792° 299 2) 69 136) 26
Winter | 225) 495 141 0 101 145
The year? 5 Seen keca alhtwetsie lesen || lees tlt eaer call Meee
Spring | 995/3301 1219) 993) 890)2299|2442)2
Summer | 378)1263/1893 633|2242/ 2487/1076
Autumn /1603|7830/1887| 812] 299 1107|1596) ...
Winter (1543/4276) 754) 875) 804,12801165)2897) ...
The sy.Gar2 |) vse ess | cecelineeenn esos Bret lle

ol
cs

a
Ne

39.
Fort
Marion.

ROMNGNORGNON=10
Be OH OWN h or Ore
AINrFOoOOCOhRWS

S. 80° W.|.
8. 27 W.|.
N. 48 E.

124 W.|.

No. of ob-
servations.

Se) OL Wie
Ss. 18 W.|-
N. 49 E, |.
N. 18 W.|.

DAAAZANAAAARAAAAAADMAMRAND MA
iv) ri)

No. of
miles.

a

PRS a gh noe e Se SS

| Spring 6.30/8. 27/7.
Summer 5.04/5.42/6-015.865.86/6
9
8

Autumn 6.71 .33|5.
Winter 6.86 -96
\

41. Surface winds at Smithsonian
Stations in 1854, 55, 56 & ’57.!

t
:
*
|
|
|
|

|M’n vel. in
miles p.h’r.

! From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. |Summer.| Autumn.| Winter. |The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour 5 | 5 6.01 7.66 7. 7.19

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every pointof the compass move with the foregoing |
average velocity . : -61

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own pieeaue eee
as shown in the table above

Excess of the latter over the former.

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SIR IBS 1, Ow We. 1h AYN, WO UO) BOS Ip - 509

(No. 42.) Florida.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DiFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ; influences.

|]

6 |
Spring 39 1968 1467) 773|1716| 958 |1243
Summer 286 |1648 1254/2396 103216971127 | 703
Autumn [1228 |35931518|1159 574) 873) 750 ‘1094
Winter 1209$)2441/6763/1049 7971470 8474/17903
The year! Re iea) epeer | ein! ee cl as cailiece eih e nS

Spring 90 421) 31) 213 8} 374) 206 | 265
Summer | 100 | 460) 386) 591 | 491) 281 | 273
Autumn | 138 | 850) 332] 243 253) 128 | 213
Winter 138 | 523 3] 251 3] 408] 180 | 327
The year! din || Sos: I ace | rao =| eer || Neon | cot | 008
Spring 859 |2389/1109|1680 851/2090)1164 |1508
Summer 386 |2108)1640)2987 1146)21881408 | 976 |
Autumn /1366 |4443)1850)1402 665)1126) 878 |1307
Winter |13471/2964/8024|1300 953/1878|10274/21174
The year! oso} oce. |) cca |Phicoa | tee wes o6

Direction of

Kind of Time of the
resultant.

observations year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

EE. or be-
tween 8. & EB.
variable.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.

S. W. or be-

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Ratio of resultant

Ss.
Calm or

Surface
winds

clouds.

42. Ageregate number of obser- |
vations at all stations.
The two Motion of
Beh Sbb shes hae

combined.

—

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 43 to 58.) Plorida, latitude 25° to 29°.

Observed as follows, viz. :—

: Aggregate
Place of observation. By whom observed. Jeng i of Date.
yrs. mos.
Cape Florida, John Dubois, 1 0 1835.
Carysford Reef, John Whalton, 1 0 1835.
Fort Brooke, Post Surgeon, 24 6 1825 to 1828, 1830, 1831, 1838 to 1843 and 1845
to 1858, all inclusive.
Fort Dallas, Post Surgeon, 3 7 1850 and 1855 to 1858 inclusive.
Fort Deynoud, Post Surgeon, 2 1 1855 to 1858 inclusive.
Fort Hamer, Post Surgeon, 0 5 1850.
Fort Meade, Post Surgeon, 3 7 1851 to 1854 inclusive.
Fort Meyers, Post Surgeon, (@ alil 1851 to 1858 inclusive.
Fort Pierce, Post Surgeon, By aul 1851 to 1858 inclusive.
Manatee, B. A. Coachman, 1 0 1869.
New Smyrna, Post Surgeon, - @ 10) 1853.
Port Orange, J. M. Hawks, 1 6 1867 and 1868.
Tampa Bay, William Bunce, 1 0 1835.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS PROM THE Monsoon |
_ DIFFERENT PornTs OF THE COMPASS. '2 influences. "
eal oe ae
A A El | oF ze | =
Place of Time of the 23 oe AG P=) g | Direction of | 23 caer | 3
observation. year. nie eA A See] resultant. |< | Direction. eer
a ae || af Se | <E sien Se ae 3 8
qs) 2 las] S IBS| 3 |Pe| as z8 B| §
wz |22| A |aié| a lit] FAs lo fe iS Mee
43 Spring | 27| 70 83) 38] 1%| 40 2| 9 N. 82°37/W.?/.2 92
New | Summer Lt) 122) bi 28) 35) 50) 3 S. 51 22 E.?).4 92
Smyrna Autumn 6] 74) 57) 29) 15) V4) 25) 8) N. 58 21 E.?|.4 61
‘ [ Winter 32| 22) 16) 13) 13) 12) 32) 48) ... IN. 31 25 W.?). 59
(| Spring 73) 64) 58) 65) 108) 35| 117) 29) O |S. 14 37 W.|.
44, | | Summer 14| 31{ 41) 38) 72) 21) 42 2| 2 |S. 22 26 E.
Port Autumn 63| 40) 73) 19) 19 5| 24) 29) 1 |N. 41 20 E.
Orange. Winter | 122) 71) 39) 27) 45) 35) 41) 48) O|N. 4 12 E. |.2734
(LU) Bling ree dee I Boa! |} Mcose If acai lees I] Scoot |ieecs | ... | «. [N. 64 42 E. |

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

510 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 45 to 51.) Florida, latitude 25° to 29°.—Continued.
| RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE £ Monsoon
| DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. E24 influences. ;
: ; - : £4 Z|
| 4 ei tee lee BE g
Place of | Time of | 2% ere] 2) a4 g | Direction of | £5 oH
f observation. the year. ae 2 mf be a resultant. iE Direction. iS
4 a oestes Bi] SEE hei Se -a| 23 ok g| 4
= |43| 2 las] 3 PS] 8 Fel as =e ae
2 |ze| a lae| a lae| & |ael(S fe Se
45. (| Spring 100} 134] 141] 103! 125) 75] 159] 38] 0 |S. 66°15/E. |.083! Ss. 464°W.|.10
Eastern | | Summer 15| 48] 163] 95) 100) 56) 92) 5) 2 |S. 41 47 E. |.335'S. 14 E. |.293
Florida, {| Autumn 69) 114) 130; 48) 34) 19) 49) 37) 1 |N. 60 22 KE. |.3885 N. 583 E. |.23
latitude || Winter 154] 93) 55] 40) 58) 47| 73) 96) 0 |N. 8 35 W.|.27 | N. 39 W.|.303
28° to 29°.1 || The year8)|| <c- || cee |) con |) sew | wen | eee Pores Hoes || oon Ne oe 400 Bie lake: a
(| Spring 15} 10) 3) 42) 4a 8 ea ese iNe Lar AT se Rereieee sooo MO
46. Summer alld GH. a 1} 10) 2) 11) O JN. 21 29 W.?).31 92
Tampa Autumn 5 7 2 2 3 0 il 8| 1 |N. 4 48 E.?|.40 ace (MOI
Bay. Winter 9 9 5 5} 62) COB 6) 16) 2 |N.16 OW.2).31 ca sa8es coon | 90)
|| The year 34| 43) 19] 18} 8] 19) 12) 53) 6 JN. 12 18W.?).33 sorsrncce wee [B05
j | January 24; 11 5) 7| 21) 26) 29) 27) ... IN. 9 17 B. |.10 :
February 5] 28) 8) 21 9} 35) 21; 16 5. 86 14 E |.12
March Ue a) 6] 25) 11) 35) 33) - 19 8. 51 17 Bye
47 April 7| 22) 16) 21) 11) 32) 29) 12) ... |S. 30 23 .10
Fort | May 1} 18) 24) 25) 18) 27) 26) 9... |S. 3 56 E. |.14
Bigoké June 1 8} 35) 21] 18) 28) 27) 12) ... |S. 18 33 E. |.26 {
1825 to 28 July 1) 10) 6} 39) 35) 38) 20 6] ... |S. § 21 E, |.35
aa 30, August 2] 15) 13) 34) 22) 83) 21) 15] ... |S. 19 58 EH. |.29
September} 0} 34) 21) 29; 13) 11) 29/ 13) ... |S. 80 46 EK. |.25
October 2) 30) 24) 17) 9] 25) 30) 18] ... IN. 66 14 EH. |.22
November 3) 25) 15) 18} 10) 29) 28) 23) ... |N.55 2 E. |.15
December 8) 25) 15) 22) 16) 11) 41) 22) ... IN. 27 20 E. |.13
48. Fort Spring 300] 872) 953! 802) 785) 952) 760) 493] ... |S. G4 18 E. |.143
Brooke, Summer | 157| 586)1141/1108) 921) 988} 900) 314) ... |S. 17 51 E. |.28
1825, to 28, J | Autumn 356|1741|1267| 714) 386) 435) 421) 440) ... IN. 70 24 E, |.36}
30,31 & 38 | | Winter 580/1421| 835] 624) 510] 630} 448) 749) ... [N. 49 35 E. |.19
to 58. The year |1393/4620/4196/3248)2602/3005/2529| 2006) ... |S. 75 37 EH. |.16
(| January | 127; 45) 30) 16) 8 15) 87 34
February 58| 37) 54) 29) 47) 27| 56] 31
March 57| 27) 59) 24) 46) 23] 92) 28
April 48} 30) 66] 24) 33! 31) 80) 19
) May 57| 42) 78} 26) 44) 22) 61) 15
June 26| 45) 122) 47) 52) 20] 84) 11
) July 26) 15] 156] 67) 62) 9] 69] 6
, 49. August 83] 23) 135) 69) 57) 22) g3) 5
Fort September| 64 58) 151) 23) 3 23} 68) 12
Meade. October 118} 98] 91) 27) 26 By) Seu) alk)
November] 103} 43) 48] 16) 21) 16) 39) 35
December| 54) 39) 55) 28) 7 19) 41) 34
Spring 162} 99] 203) 74) 123) 76] 233) 62) ... IN. 6 24 W.|.042
Summer 85] 83] 413] 183) 171) 51) 236) 22) ... |S. 60 32 E. |.29
Autumn | 285] 199} 290) 6] 85) 44) 138) 66) ... JN. 40 12 E. |.34)
Winter 239) 121) 139) 73} 62! 61] 184) 99) ... IN. 5 2 W.|.244
Dl¥e years) |\Weer ||iencta|peceen lesen lceseil| een llieecenal| encom | ease] NAO metal el oe
50. Spring 509)1020|1234) 910) 938)1094'1053) 616)" 3 |S. 26 2 E. |.104/ 8. 50° W.).14
Western Summer | 266) 742 1771 1382/1127/1120/1213) 385] 0 |S. 28 45 E. |.26 |S. 63 W.|.222
Florida, Autumn | 690/2029) [2668 800) 485) 501) 596) 561) 1 |\N. 64 17 E. |.35 | N. 46 E. |.23
latitude Winter 883)1619 1022 732| 587| 728) 659) 929) 6 |N. 38 42 E. |.19 | N. 12} W.!.152
27° to 28°.2 || The year? | ... | «.- Srbik| Pepa erect erssael ecto itecalisionistss ae On don riba las
(| Spring 174) 250 236 385) 267) 164, 276) 123] ... |S. 43 21 E. |.16 |S. 174 W.).083
51. | | Summer 39| 100) 343] 468) 294) 175) 219) 23] .. |S. 31 46 EB. |.44 |S. 15 KE. }.35
Fort {| Autumn | 220} 503) 418] 190) 173) 83) 147) 177) N. 59 51 E. |.35 | N. 38 E. |.264
Pierce Winter 387) 214) 156) 237) 147| 176) 283) 362 N. 27 26 W.|.203] N. 47 W.|.32
{ Tike ry ear’ |p reces ||| yae= |) ere) eee eee Reeser | crea een 8S. 76 11 E. |.113

1 Observed at New Smyrna and Fort Orange.
2 Observed at Manatee, Tampa Bay, and Forts Brooke, Hamer and Meade.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 52 to 58.)

Place of
observation,

53.
Fort
| Deynoud.

54.
South-
western
Florida.!

55.
Fort
Dallas.

56.
Cape
Florida.

ole
South-
eastern
Florida.

H 58.
# Carysford
Reef.

+
{
:
|
|
|
L

Time of
the year.

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

PAO) WN 18} il 83

LA T.

Florida.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Di

TO

o

tween N.& E,

N. E. or be-

20
15
31
15
81

tweenS.& W.

89
104
113
2 152
139

114)
37| 102)

91

60)

98
75

78
404
307
233

3, 271

tween N.&W.

N. W. or be-

11
18
35

variable.

Calm or

DD AAARNRAAN RIAA AD iA AAW

Direction of
resultant.

Ss.
N.
N.

3 E.

N.
N
N.
N.
N
N
N

=I

13
57
43
30
32
17
45
2 25

N. 47° 9/ W.).

bos b > t SU) ©
BS Se bt tg i et be

tet bet bd bt ed

30°

Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

NG

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

511

| Number of days.

(No. 59.)

1842,

1843, 1845, 1858 and 1859.

Worthern Bahamas.

Computed from observations made for an aggregate period of over four years, in the years 1841,
A part, and perhaps all, of them were made by A. M. Smith,

at Nassau, on the island of New Providence.

Place of
observation.

a
|

Nor ae mn
| Bahamas.

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

RELATIVE PREVALE

CE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of the
year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year!

A |

ga

22

ZeE| g
287) 81
200) 192
222) 48
256) 112

E. or be-
tweenS & EI.

Ss.

wo

an
pa

.E

E32
_ (sa
Cc 4
Mn Ins
43 56
75 | 40
23 | 21
31 | 55

ees
emi cia e
| 2 |PS|£e
i= Soe |) ie
i las ie)
13 | 57 | 40
4/10 |. 92
4 | 26 | 26
19 | 96 | 43 |

AAA i

Ratio of resultant

Direction of
resultant.

- 78°19/ E.

66 52 EB.
- 66 36 E.
.72 45 EH.
stelff (010,

to sum of winds.

Monsoon

influences. °

mn

b

—

i)

Direction. &
s| 2

£ s

a | &
— i
| N. 39° W.| .06 | 183
5. 23 E. | .30 | 154
Ne 6) 16 | 148
N. 52 W.) .12 191
pecans - | 676

512 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 60 to 70.) Atlantic Ocean.

Yomputed from observations for an aggregate period of nearly 10 years, collected and classified,
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the

direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
PoINnTSs OF THE COMPASS,

Place of ob-| Time of | | ‘ | . | £ | Direction of
servation the year. Ve i | 3 gd pains es = 2 = 5 resultant.
|= |e leaks elajalalslal/e|2|s/a | Fle 1s
l2/zlel/a|A&lalalalalalalelele lee ls
|

o.: [| Spring =| 18) 11} 35) 11) 37) 17) 26 15) 26) 8} 12} 5) 12) 12 13) 6) 8S. 8£°40/h.
Ee Summer | 2/ 1) 12} 14] 27] 18] 31) 14] 12] 6/18) 2) 4) 0, 8 0 17)8S. 52 8 E.
S mt 4| Autumn | 20} 10) 35] 11) 15) 14) 7 10) 7] 6} 6] 2) oO] 2 6 2, 17\N. 65 5 EB.
2 | Winter 15) 17] 19] 20} 39] 10) 27/ 7] 21] 7] 16) 16) 24) 13) 28) 16) 9/N. 48 12 E.
As [| The year! | ... | ase] cee] oro] see] oo-| enn ove eeo| oso|y) cael}! daa!l ecll) ceslll cash ee 2a) 18

o + (| Spring 17| 20) 72} 26) 50) 16) 46) 29) 19) 29) 36) 9) 21) 6 30) 12) 21/8. 85 15 E.
3e Summer 5] 5] 19) 19) 22) 21) 40) 7| 17) 10) 25] 3] 3) 2)-4| 0) 8S. 538 42
eo {| Autumn | 17} 24) 37] 21) 22) 13) 30) 5) 8} 7 10) 3) 3) 0) 6) 2 12\N. 74 7.
Bie Winter 22) 20, 67| 19) 30) 18) 35} 7] 24) 15) 41) 13) 11) 2) 26) 18) 16)N. 76 58 E.
lees (UI /Mbnctax gerne oall esol cca roll aacl| ccul| cool] seall coall coal) coal} scbl] cel) oscil ool) omni! cce|fS6 Be) 4h 10,
o\: Spring | 37) 44132) 42) 72) 31/106) 32) 55) 28) 58) 19) 37) 16) 21) 17) 18|/S. 83 36 E,
aS Summer | 1] 2} 48} 29] 67] 45] 91} 23] 19] 16] 27/ 6] 22) 6] 5] 2) 16/8. 60 27 &.
Bw. {| Autumn | 14] 23} 60] 18] 32) 28) 41 9| 14) 14) 35) 4) 11 0 19 4) 18,N. 89 44 E.
82 || Winter 32| 32] 62] 17) 32) 32) 33) 15) 27) 17| 33) 9] 20} 11) 35) 16) 30|\N. 53 6 E,
Hs | Thenyeart | 2.) \osce] eee) cecil! ceelll feeel) seal) ens]| ecteil| eeeel| cceet| ieee | terol! meen [ieee (ab et REO RES ONS ar
o.- (| Spring 17} 21) 42) 19) 44) 25) 97) 13) 34) 14) 30) 11) 24) 9) 32) 17) 14/8. 69 5 EH,
.5S || Summer 5| '7| 48] 32) 66) 39) 50) 10) 14; 6] 33) 3) 6) O| O} -2| 14/8. 75 40 E,
@Bx2 | Autumn 9} 7 39} 32) 28) 51| 42) 18] 19) 16) 15) 5) 6] 5) 3) 3) 20/8. 69 52 &.
62 | Winter 14] 7] 21) 7] 17] 5} 15). 3) 7 4) 17) 7) 14) 10) 10) 8 4)N. 14 21 &,
As The year! Teall weal) ewell Gores | aeee'| atewsll| coal ltevareel | mersell Pececsetl iyelen I a tenon] Nee lea GeeiOmo seins

(| January 37| 19| 68) 24) 47) 27) 39; 8) 20) 8) 48) 14) 27) 20) 38] 21) 16)N. 42 50 &,

| February | 25) 17) 47) 27) 41) 23) 31) 17) 28) 22) 28) 19) 25) 9) 39) 24) 29|N. 55 7 BE.

F | | March 48] 22) 66] 18} 50} 20) 58) 18) 41) 22) 54) 27 35| 32) 45| 15| g|N. 74 23 &,

April 28] 48,118) 47) 69 26) 87 21) 41) 21] 43) 12) 45) 7| 35) 22) 24/N. 78 31 E.

are | | aay 13] 26! 97! 35] 95| 44/134] 50) 60| 36] 40] 8] 15| 6) 19| 16| 19S 63 52H,
ae | June 2) 1) 40) 22) 38) 32) 77|.29) 22) 14) 50) 10) 9) 4) 9) 0} 12/8. 43 17 E.
by 4 | July 3| 3] 39] 36] 97| 53] 67] 14| 26| 14/ 33] 2| 7 3] 1) 2| 14/S. 67 2 &,
Ba | | August 9} 11) 50} 40) 65) 49) 80] 15) 15) 11) 22) 5) 20) 4] 8) 2! 96/8. 74 51 E,
=l2 September} 8] 16) 49) 19) 28) 21) 41) 9) 15) 17) 17) 3) 6) 0} 11) 2) 33/5. 81 43 E,

| | October 16] 15) 56} 25] 59) 42) 56) 25) 26) 23) 34) 4) 7 ‘7 11) 3) 22/S. 69 14 BE,

| November] 37] 36] 70} 55] 28) 51] 30) 11) 9} 4) 20) 11) 10) 0) 13) 6) 12)N. 66 16 &.

| | Devember | 23) 42) 60; 20) 41| 21] 44) 8) 34) 13) 34) 14) 20) 9) 29) 14) 17|N. 70 26 E,

[| The year |249/256)760/ 368/658) 409/744 225 337 205 423/129 226 101 /258)127 242)S. 79 4&5,

o,: f| Spring 4} 5| 2| 11) 24] 22/ 9] 9|/ 12] 7] 9] 6] 3] 12) 4 6| 6S. 56 28 E,
ae | | Summer 5| 11) 26) 69] 48] 37) 19) 9) 1) 3) 3) 5] 3] 10) 4) 2] I7/N. 78 23 E,
8 2 {| Autumn | 3} 25) 23) 63) 42) 22/13) 21} 9) 14) 13] 5) 3111) 2 1) QiIN.81 15,
22 | | Winter 6] 12) 11) 37} 15) 27; 10) 7 5) 7) 12) 12) 7 10) 8) 5) JjN. 88 48 E,
AS |! The year! “ral con| ood sail) ceal| ceo see] vee ene] eee] tee] eee] see] oes N. 89 32 E.

o + (| Spring 4) 16) 23) 45) 14) 31) 8) 8) 15) 22) 5) 9) 6 5) 6) 13) 15/N. 87 32 E.
SE [ Summer 5 32| 71) 22) 24) 10) 13} 7] 14) 6] 7 0} 3] 1) 14) 13)N. 76 11 E.
© w> | Autumn 6] 28] 36) 49] 33) 42) 8] 29) 19] 36) 3) 15) 2) 21) 8} 9) 16/S. 84 39 E,
lett | Winter 2| 19] 30) 39} 21) 24) 20] 19) 10] 20) 10) 14) 1} 18} 3) 4) 9/8. 80 31 E,
bes, [pena seis! |" cl eeall eee tos] Scollh Goll) Geall opel) coal], coal} dool] cee Salles .1N. 87 9 E.
o .: (| Spring 6] 8| 4) 32) 5) 9) 8] 12) 16) 12) 15) 19) 1) 3) 10) 16) 2)S. 34 10 &.
Se [ Summer | 11| 44) 15] 48) 25) 17) 9) 12) 7] 19) 5] 13) 3) 7 11) 20) 8|N. 55 18 &,
Eat ieeS | Autumn 5| 24) 19) 61} 18) 20) 16 33) 17| 31) 9) 17) 0} 20) 8) 14) 20\S. 76 51 E.
a8 | Winter 8] 13) 12) 31) 14) 29) 22) 37) 14) 25) 7| 4) 3) 11) 5) 13) 9 e 8 2 E.
As AWE EVES || aol] sol! Zcoll) sollte! oat ecel| Sho Aes||) Goal) ooal) sccci| ec spol) asalie> 2 E.
Oe if Spring 13] 13) 20) 29) 13) 8) 4) 6 9) 5) 3) 6) O| 5) 4) 13) 4)N. 52 47 E.
a= | Summer 26/145)10-| 65) 38) 10; 1 3) 5) 5) 3 8} 9] 6) 1) 31) 8/N. 36 39 E.
Bvt { | Autumn 9} 40] 13) 20) 10) 22) 6 16, 9} 15] 10} 12) 11) 22) 16) 20) 33)N. 13 39 E.
6° || Winter 12] 12) 17) 35) 17) 17) 11) 10) 17) 15) 10) 9) 5) 18) 5) 12) 3/N. 83 GE.
ies {ly Mera eee | eel] oll Seolll cal] coal] socol| onel| coal! co5]] 03:|/ caslf, cxall cel) coe .:| ...[Me 45 47 E.
ae Spring 4) 28] 14) 12) 3) 12) oO} 7 2) 11] 1) 6) 2) 5) 4 13) QIN. 31 58°.
a> || Sammer | 25/158) 46) 47) 17; 6) 4) 7 0} 4) .5| 16) 4) 8) 7| 21) S/N. 28 14 E.
BS wo 4 | Autumn 6] 57] 33) 18) 6) 12) 3) 2) 9) 7] 8) 2) 4% 9) 3) 16) “4)N. 32) Bim!
av | | Winter 4} 41) 19) 37) 13) 23) 11; 9} 6] 4} 1) 6] 5] 12) 4| 14 WN. 55 48 &.
Foi (ope year! a| eliaeerl resell eeal|tces|| tees seel| cexs|) setilh ceesl| as]|iaeel|) eeal) eral sce) eee| ices Nemo no GBs
(| January 12] 34) 24) 69} 20} 31) 27 27) 7 24) 9) 16) 7} 25) 7| 18) 13)N. 78 26 &.
February | 15} 26) 12) 39] 15) 16) 14) 7 8] 13) 8] 10] 9/ 24) 5) 16) 8/N. 43 35 E.

March 8} 23) 15) 30) 6] 28) 11) 12) 18] 20) 12) 20) 3] 9 15| 23] 17|N. §0 19 E.

April 16| 24) 24) 46) 22) 31) 6} 23) 14) 22) 14) 7 2) 8 | 22) 6|N. 79 39 E.

o,° May 8] 23) 24) 51} 20] 20} 8} 7/ 13) 15) 6] 16] 6] 10) 6) 15) G|N. 67 39 E.
B=): June 20] 96) 40) 67) 26) 29) 16) 20) 10) 29; 8| 19! 4) 17| 11) 46| 21|)N..42 48 &.
Seo {| July 32/155|144/140| 48] 31] 8| 8| 5| 9| 3) 13/ 12) 7| 11/ 36] 18|N. 44 35 E.
ge August 19/125) 35) 89] 57| 23) 7) 12) 4) 6) 9) 14) 3) 7 1) 6) 12/N. 53 11 E,
48 || September| 10) 58] 29} 68] 28] 30] 12] 34) 4) 28] 11] 15] 5) 18) 10) 17] 15)N. 62 36 BE.
October 12) 41) 45] 62) 37) 34) 12) 32) 24) 28} 8] 16] 8] 24 a 29; 20|N. 73 31 E

November| 7 72| 46) 64! 26) 46) 15) 32, 33) 46) 14) 16) 7 41) 15, 14) 40\N. 78 50

| December | 3 35) 47| 63) 34) 67} 29 47) 34] 34) 20) 17) 2) 17) 6) 13) 11S. 70 27 E

(| The year |162 712 485 788 339 386 165 Pei 274 122/179) 68/207 alee 187|N. 62 53 E

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

_Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

S. 241 H,

S. 214 W.
S. 271 B.

eee

Number of days.

SHIR IIIS 1 AO INI WG, WN ORS UN@) BOO iN, 513

(No. 71.) Teneriffe, Canary Islands.

Observed on board the brig Ocean during the month of December, 1820, partly while lying at
anchor at Teneriffe, and partly between there and the Madeiras, as follows :—

North 14, N. EH. 120, EH. N. HE. 60, Hast 122, S. EH. 14, calm or variable i74.

Direction of resultant, N. 67° 34/ E.

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds, including calms, .58.
(Nos. T1(a) to 75.) Sahara Desert, Egypt, and Mount Sinai.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Cassier, in Upper Egypt, by Lefebore, for five days in April, 1839.

Dakhel,
Farafeh,
Fayoum,
Khargeh,
Garah,

Qasr (Cossier),

Siwah,

Zaboon,

Gournah, by Frederick Cailliaud, from May 26 to July 14, 1820, except 4 days, and from July
1 to August 31, 1822, except 6 days.

Mount Sinai, by Dr. Joseph Dickinson, and Frederick Hubbard, from March 26 to April 20,
1857.

Mourzouk, Sahara, for six months, by Gerhard Rohlfs, date not known.

River Nile, between latitude 27° and 30°, from January 1 to 15, and from March 4 to 14; and
between latitude 24° to 27° in Upper Egypt, from January 16 to 26, and from February 13 to
March 4, all inclusive, and in the year 1857.

Suez, by officers of the Telegraph Station, for two years, from June 1, 1866, to May 31, 1868, six
times a day, viz.: 6 A. M., 9 A. M., Noon, 3, 6, and 9 P. M.

and the intervening deserts in Western Hgypt, by Frederick Cailliaud,
from November 12, 1819, to March 19, 1820.

RELATIVE PRuVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences, :
oe | 6
H Place of Time of O38 338 53 | £2 3 | Direction of | £6 Ss
observation. the year. ayet cS) 6 aa pe || a resultant. «= ¢ | Direction. Bs
{ ‘ 5A Be) | Be oA | ea ce Fs
Ss A ~~ S ral o “8 ne ie =) Ole . 2
Slag] ¢ las] 3 |es| & [Fe | ee ae S| 8
-> Cc > | . 2 ar
% ze] gl ias| a |ee| E eels ial a |e
Me | Maren 3} 3 | 10 3 | 11 Ui) 8 be 8 2 |5. 40° 21/ W. |.14
| ZC). October || 24] 15 | 15 | 14| 26 | 5 | 11 | 10 | 74 |N. 81 50 w. |.07
Mourzouk. November
Winter 26) 10 | 15 4 7 | 15 | 42 | 32 150 |N. 54 59 W. |.2
| Spring igi} al 4 0 1 | -3 6 7 | 15 |N. 28 17 W. |-85 |S. 94° W.! .16 |25
U2. Summer 124) 3 2 0 0 0 | 13 0) 46 IN. 4 1 W. |.67 | N. 25 E. | .20 |94
Western Autumn 20) 0 0 1 0 0 4 1 7 8G Wi WS Vive G2] in 6) IDE | ze | Le/
Egypt. Winter 44) 6 6 2 1 7 | 31 | 22 | 64 |N. 35 14 W. |.88 |S. 26 W.| .19 /91
Mheyyear! | ee.) ||) «--9|| «a= |} cot | oss |! cee Ho cos IP ese TING UG) aU \ays fozeeps
Spring 5| 0} 0 QO) O} Of Ay 6 JN. 35 42 W.???).63
aces Nile : : 7 : 11
lat. 979-308, } Winter 8} 0 0 0 al 0 2 7 6 |N. 49 26 W.???|.30 onbececce 115
Spring 36) 3 1 2) 12 6 | 4 | 36 N. 32 25 W. |.54 |S. 24 EK. | .14
73 ( Summer 43) 1 QO} @O} 2H ay wy 2 N. 27 25 W. |.824) N. 11 W.! .15
S (2). { | Autumn 43) 1 1 1 3 2 3 | 46 N. 25 18 W. |.79 | N. 64 E. | .13
acz- | | Winter S31 8] li 2 |G |) ay} ait |) ees N. 41 44 W. |.58 |S. 13 W.| .15
L| The year | 155) 8 3 5 | 23 | 23 | 19 |164 N. 30 45 W. |.68
Up. ae
f Cossier and Spring 4, 2 2 0 0 2 0 2 5 |N. Galan Hap Plooae |) tecneveses 4
Valley of {| Winter 26) 0 7 \) <0) 2| 4] 2] 14] 4 |N.19 7 W.??).72 27
j Nile, lat. |
i 24° a Pas J
Mee | Spring ZA) TB |) OT ee Tae Oa Gee a IN. 57 54 W.??).10 26
Sinai. | | | |
65 May, 1875.

514 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 76.) Persian Gulf.

Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 145 days, collected and classified from
the logs of different sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent, as follows, viz. :—

Spring, North 2, N. H. 1, Hast 2, 8. E. 4,8. W. 4, W. S. W. 1, West 4, W. N. W. 2, N. W. 6,
calm 2.

Direction of resultant N. 78° 29’ W.

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .30.

Number of days 28.

Autumn, Hast 10, E. S. HE. 2,8. H. 1, 8. 8S. EH. 10, South 6,8. S. W. 3, 8. W. 14, W. S. W. 8,
West 5, W. N. W. 2, N W. 10, N. N. W. 4, calm 3.

Direction of resultant S. 24° 11’ W.

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .38.

Number of days 78.

Winter, East 4, S. E. 4, W. S. W. 3, West 8, W. N..W. 5, N. W. 5, N. N. W. 2, calm 2.

Direction of resultant N. 53° 19’ W.

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .39.

Number of days 39.

(Nos. 77 to 97.) India.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—
Agra, during the years 1865 to 1869 inclusive.
Ajmere, during the years 1869 ana 1871.
Allahabad, during the year 1871.
Bareilly, during the years 1869 and 1871.
Benares, during the years 1864 to 1869 inclusive, and the year 1871, excepting the month of
September.
Bhawulpoor, for the months of August and September, 1871.
Chuckrata, during the year 1869 and the months of October, November, and December, 1871.
Futtehgurh, during the years 1869 and 1871.
Futlehpore and Patna, and along the river Ganges between these points, from May to December
inclusive, in the year 1826.
Goruckpore, during the years 1869 and 1871.
Jahnsie, during the year 1869 and the first eleven months of 1871.
Lucknow, during the year 1869 and January, February, April, and October, 1871.
Meerut, during the years 1869 and 1871.
Mozufferepore, by T. Dashwood, from December, 1832, to February, 1833, inclusive.
Patna (see Futtehpore above).
Raneekhet, during the year 1871.
Roorkee, during the years 1864 to 1869 inclusive, and 1871.
Sukkur, from May to September inclusive, in the year 1844

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE J Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences.
|——__________ : EE é
| a si cS elie Fla 2
Place of Timeof | a.) 24 38 | £2 a Direction 2s 4 =
observation, the year. | oy an ‘ Ey bp | = of resultant. Os r=] Direction. 5
NES ea =P) fa e=P Meeagch =f | oer Sse on 3 | 2
| E/HS] @ jAs| 5 |FS| BF es Bo ze /E
he pS -b | « > 5 2 Jcbl]er ee S 3
wize| aime | wm ims | & las lo me |e
—$— —_—$— — | —_—— | | aX ——————— —en
77 | May 20 | 0 | 28 21 52 3 | 5 3 S. 0° 2/ H.2?|.36
pee Summer 9) || Aa 5 32/196 023 Sie Sor (2) LOMEE EGON i c-nceee
7 4 September] 14! 0} 0} 6) 25) 0} 3] 1 S. 2 8E.??/.30 negation eee
77(a). f | August 2 8 1 0| 44) 3 1 2 8S. 3 27 E. |.61
Bhawulpoor. | Bepiember 6 0 0 0 | 41 7 1 4 8. 12 58 W.|.643

SERIES B. ZONE 18. LAT. 25° TO 30° N.
(Nos. 78 to 80.) India.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFEREN’ POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 2
| a3
cs aj Aes BE
Place of Time of the 23 23 Boy $2) | Directionof | 23
observation. year. ; BF aa Be be 53 resultant. SE
‘4 |) Se a tee [ee | tae | ee leas S32
5 AS] = /as| S|ES| 2 |Esliae Ee
2 Si Be 3 ois ahs pease fees eH
A\As| A ijws| wa |nis] & l|AZs}oO 63
(| Spring 14} 19 0 3 | 17 | 94 | 13 | 22 1 |S. 64° 48/ W, |.48
78. | | Summer 6} 11 1 8 | 14 |117 | 24 2 1/8. 47 3 W.}.70
Ajmere, | Autumn 32 | 46 4} 15 | 26 | 36] 16 4 3 |N. 28 20°E. |.03
1869 and 1871. Winter 42) 47| 4] 17} 21 | 23 7 9/10 |N. 46 43 E. |.17
L| The year | 94 |123 9 | 43 | 78 270 | GO | 37 | 15 |S. 57 27 w. 244
(| January ss ooo. I} con Eee Nem Cu OMAV Vi
February 5S. 80 0 W.
March 8. 61 OW.
April S. 69 .0 W.
May 8. 57 OW.
78(a). June S. 59 0 W.
Ajmere.! July 8. 43 0 W.
August S. 412 0 W.
September 8S. 67 0 W.
October Sh Ve OW
November ee N.47 OE§.
(| December ; Neo ORES
(| January nee We O @ Jd,
February O00 8. 87 0 W.
March i 8. 17 0 W.
April ce N.58 0 W.
May Seg 8. 57 O W.
78(b). June Ase S. 60 0 W.
Raneekhet, July 08 8. 44 0 W.
August 00 coo fib (0) (OAK
September 200 «. |S. 38. 0 W.
October ob coo lish Bll @ WW
November C0 C00 .. |S. 61 O W.
| December | ... Sel orem (eee teen eee .. |S. 49 0 W.
{| Spring it 7 3 | 22 2/23) 4] 78 | 36 |S. 47 26 W.| .09
79. Summer 0) 19 | 23 6 0 7 6 | 45 | 58 |N. 3 18 W.| .22
Meernt Autumn 1/16/21; 4) oO} 5 Ty) 2a) 6B ke 8B Mie) oll
: || Winter il 7 0 § 5 | 19 | 41 | 57 | 42 |N. 81 46 W.| .48
(| The year | 3 49 | 47 | 40] 7 | 54 | 52 221 |299 |N. 48 36 W.| .26
January coo || dod II cag" |] on |] Gao. {I ceo Il eon we) | Ne 52) (0) We
February N. 43 0 W.
March N. 46 0 W.
April N. 49 0 W.
May Ie It) 1p
79(a). June ‘ N.40 OE.
Meerut.! July Ba N. 78 0 W.
August at S. 673 0 BE.
September coe N. 86 0 W.
October oh | N. 40 0 W.
November st N. 52 0 W.
December | ... | ue N. 36 0 W.
January 0} 8) & | 80] 4] 88 | t© | 9) mil ;
February | 9 | 11 | 17) 17/10} 9 | 27 | 76 | 104
March 9 | 23 8 | 19 | 14 | 22 | 39 | 67 | 109
April 8 | 18 8 | 42 9 | 20 | 44 | 58 GB}
May PA | itil @ 8) | Wee ak) By we 72
June i) | ey) a || fee || aul |) a3) A Ns 70
July Py NU} |) lke) le Ys} |), 1B) |) TI a1) |) Xa) 77
80 August 0 | 10 | 18 |232 8 | 12 | 17 | 24 89
Raaninee September] 1 | 14/13] 54} 8 | 20 | 17 | 68 | 105
. October 0} 12 9 | 60 | 12 | 17 | 11 | 39 | 150
November} 1 8 0 | 45 | 11 9 | 11 ; 28 | 187
December} 1 | 13 8 | 41 0 | 19 | 28 | 47 | 153
Spring 19 | 52 | 25 |160 | 40 | 53 |115 |182 | 274)S. 86 41 W.) .11
Summer | 10 | 45 | 53 |347 | 32 | 42 | 55 /100 | 236\S. 41 56 E. | .29
Autumn 2 | 34 | 22 |159 | 31 | 46 | 39 /135 | 442/S. 8 52 W.| .06
Winter 10 | 27 | 33 | 88 | 14 | 64 | 65 |219 | 378)N. 66 32 W.| .18
[ The year | 41 |158 |133 |754 |117 |205 |274 |636 1330/8. 23 57 W.! .06

|S. 42
N. 53
N. 52

Direction.

|—-—____

Bh UZ

W.| «2
AWYal|

E |

E, |

015

Monsoon
influences,

-L0

OF

al

OL
19

! Observations for the year 1871 only.

ou

16 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 80(a) to 84.) India.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFEREN’ POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ta | influences.
— — aa
Fi | iB Lyn ae
Plac in oa 2 2 ; | Directi oo |
ebrcseanon iteyean ae =" a Se Ss Peulteaee ae Direction,
a|°a yr Sa Sey) gece SS 32
g [AE| 2 [as] See! 3 EE) SE Ss
4 |42| @ |u| a lab] B lez |S ee |
(| January N. 43° 0/ W.
| | February N. 2 OE.
| | Mareh N. 46 0 W.
1} April N.58 0 W.
| May 8. 48 0 E.
80(a). June pao iit coo coe I) on. Ih cao Il Sas S. 25 0 E.
Roorkee.! 4 July Seca mebtie| |licosel eons. Ih ecco: Il aoe 5S. 41 0 E.
| | August feu || ce 5. 38 0 E.
; | September 8. 23 0 W.
October 5. 42 0 EF.
| November N.55 0 W.
Ui December |i eremi ire) | com |i esos eacctel eee [ieecnan | ureeeea eee Nottie ORV
(| January 40 | 16] 24} 8 8 | 8 | 80} 16 | 48
February {| 32 |}.24) 8] 8] 8] 8 | 96 | 16 } 24
March 47 | 35 | 18 | 19 | 16 } 20 | 99 | 14 } 42
April 17 | 28 | 2 25 | 17 | 38 | 68 | 55 | 25
May 28 | 24 | 34] 19 | 16 | 13 |109 | 33 | 34
June 22 | 35 | 37 | 10} 9 | 26 | 91 | 45 | 25
July 20 | 49 | 78 | 19 | 9 | 19 } 37 | 28 | 51
81 August | 8 | 22) 67 | 38 | 33 | 41 | 25 | 15} 61
Agra | September] 19 | 33 | 57] 8] 8] 8 | 57 | 32] 78
October 21) 14 | 12 | 17 | 16 | 25 | 74 | 24 /107
| November! 14} 5 | 19 | 15 | 25 | 39 | 49 | 20 |114
December | 17 | 25 | 27 | 22 | 17 | 23 | 78 | 22 | 79
Spring 92 |.87 | 79 | 63 ; 49 | 71 |276 102 |101 |N. 68 59 W.| .2:
Summer | 50 |106 |182 | 67 | 51 | 86 153 | 88 |137 |N. 45 0 E. | .04
Autumn | 54 | 52 / 88 | 40 | 49 | 72 /180 | 76 |299 |N. 67 37 W.| .04
Winter 89 | 65 | 59 | 38 | 33 | 39 |254 | 54 [151 |N. 62 39 W.} .27
BNE ee W SP h crea! pos | aon cee letaell sot || econ lll ceo. ||Soas (MGs: BR aval <i
Spring 5 8 | 70 | 24 | 33 | 11 | 33) 0] OTS. 60 58 E. |-.65
82 f; Summer 6 4] 63 | 17 | 23 | 26 | 42 1 0 FE at 52 EB. | .03
aE Autumn | 13 | 13 | 41 |} 20/33) 3] 54} 5] O|S. 1) 12K, | .13
Jabnsie, 1869. 1| Winter | 16 | 14 40/19 |.21]| 5/46|20| 6|/N. 8 55 w.|.01
|| The year | 40 | 39 [214 | 80 {110 | 45 |175 | 26 | 6 |S. 32 22 B. | .19
WEES EIA A Mor Neecs It ase | So all tion Nees || aoe ll eos S. 75 0 W.
February | ... | ... ace N.10 0 W.
March ses) || aS N. 31 0 W.
April | sll ces N.41 0 W.
May xo | cas Nook 510) Wie
oe. June as ceo! 03 ||f> Con N.79 0 W.
Area July 35 || Pasa eter | se S. 86 0 W.
ge” August oe caplllctne hates S. 603 0 W.
September) ... Bh accou ll) cee N.18 0 W.
October 0 aan | ceo. || a N. 74 0 W-
lL) November} ... Aa cre esol inccoe |hecsca lh eee ih come UN brexey HN
(| Spring 9} 8] 15 | 25 | 79 | 20; 12] 12} 418. 20 25 E. | .05
re | Summer | 5| 1/18|78|65| 7| 3| 6| 1/8. 28 108 | .71
Ch ievat 5 Autumn 2/| 6] 14[ 81 | 64 1 2 8 4 8.31 23 E. edd
mCi ana | Winter | 4] 5/ 3/19/28] 0] O} 2] 11S. 25 37 B. | .58
UID He py earey lier geccanl| reesiiltecesna |e pry || coo dhibeo Il Soe. [Sn BE a Toe AP a!
October 20 8. 27 0 E.
Gees 1 fy November 8. 12 0 E.
WES EE {| December] ... | ... | ... |... eu i|| cae tee Tce Hiss Lis (1D, ;
| Spring | 17 | 11] 14] 25) 7) 6] 39) 64) 1/N. 50 40 W.)| .33 | N. 61° We
a4 Summer | 12 | 12/ 34/ 65] 9] 8 | 13 ) 17 | 14 |8. 64 2 E. | 35/8. 56 E
Bareill Autumn | 12] 15 | 26|17] 7] 5 | 29 | 29 | 42 |N.11 23 W.} .12|N. 78 EB
pee MC Winter | 14/11] 10}19 | 7] 8 | 32/71] 8|N.52 1 W.}.41|N. 60
The year | 55 | 49 | 84 /126 | 30 | 27 |113 |181 | 65 | N. 33-21 W.| .09 |
| -

! Observations for the year 1871 only.
2 Observations for 1869 and 3 months of 1871.
3 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Force.

SERIES B. ZONE 13. LAT. 25° TO 30° ING spl7!
(Nos. 84(a) to 93(a).) India.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT Points oF THE Comp Ass. ae} influences, :
“s = = og Ke
lace of Time of ie a F aE Be | 3
E e Oy ‘ o a 4 ; . | Bow | os
rear enon. ihe See ae ae iain ae s recent Jae | Direction. 2
. | oF ie - | o@ C4153 og Baliga
Ps |e ee ad] diea] es lealoa of o | 0
5 \Ro| @ |43) & |ES| Fs) es Ee g | 8]
2 \25| A |if| alae] EF IeElS | 63 a laf
f January |N. 44° 0/ w.|
February . |N. 47 0 W.]
| | Mareh _|N. 39 0 W.
| April on Newel} Wa
84(a). | | ey. a || cx [Sb 2G" @ 30,
Bareilly, 4) -une re S. 65 0 E.
1871. July on0 5 |psb Ge @ 10h |
| | August | ... os xe diss 22 Wh
| | September) ... eesl||eees 0 5. 63 0.
October 000 F Wo dL) WY,
| November 900. flees : N. 36 0 W.
| December | ... | ::. || ... 209 Il cos Se N. 48 0 W.|
| Spring 18 5 | 40 1 | 4 | 23 | 77 | 16 0 |N. 62 40 W.! .30
8). f Summer DUE PO | By Bi ae | Bo 3] A IN. 83 33 EH. | .42
Futtehgurh, Autumn 4 | 5 | 58 [ae Ne) |) TBs |] @ |S. 67 32 W.| .10
1869. Winter 20 5 | 24 8 9 4/90) 17 3 |N. 73 39 W.| .41
(| The year | 47 | 26 |227 | 17 | 33 | 492 1267 | 54 9 |N. 58 47 W.| .11
(| January eae | reel Mae resell ss se | feel re | Ne dO Wo
February 00 Sb 70 © Wye
March 8. 8 0 W.
April Ss! 70 0) We
! | Ma, 8. 46 0 W.
By | sane S18 @ is
ae } Dials S. 80 0 E.
| | August 5. 423 0 E.
SHOT! oxo |] sao |] coo. |} cco Wea I] ces Hl ceo It cee I Seo ISS MO” OBL
October ec0.|<aaa |. -200 lI ‘eco. | o00 Th ccm. || aco |) nas Pees West.
INGWEMAINE | G00. |I cae |} sec ceo | coo | con I ee Il oa |) oxo IN. 77 0 W.
DEUS AIEAP | coo |] cco I} cas |} cee jf oe Pico | cco WH ccd |] cca (REO © wie
(| January 66 | 35 | 68 | 61 | 22 || 47 |126 |} 168! 211
Bebruary | 48 | 42 | 35 | 46 | 26 | 64 |221 | 179] 147
March 69 | 73 | 68 | 72 | 70 | 64 |227 | 121) 167
t April 45) 51 | 70 | 86 | 69 | 82 |165 | 198] 197
s May 47 | 54 |108 |162 |°75 | 62 |164 | 135) 123
June 38 | 74 |122 /136 | 53 | 62 |160 | 148] 107
86 ] July 28 | 77 |200 |217 | 52 | 42 | 80 | 58] 68
Worthen August 22 | 47 |156 |230 | 78 | 79 | 62 | 59] 195
Gantral September} 27 | 64 |169 |l07 | 52°] 35 |105 | 108) 233
India. October 34 | 53 | 67 |118 | 66 | 46 /145 | 105) 296
: November) 27 | 24 | 34 |101 | 83 | 59 |125 94) 353
December | 32 | 53 | 63 /102 | 61 | 64 |197 | 126) 239
Spring 161 |178 |246 |320 |214 |207 |556 | 454) 416/N. 87 8 W.|.15|N. 71° W.|-083
Summer | 88 |198 /478 |583 /183 |183 |302 | 265] 470/S. 52 15 B. j 24
Autumn | 88 /141 270 |326 |201 |140 375 | 307] S8s2iS. 37. 9 W.).
Winter 146 /130 |166 |209 |109 |175 |044 | 473) 597|/N. 72 10 W.}
TD SSE T eee ell faaae lf cence | eer eee || Mey lineal led sh 7B Ib) Vay,
May 6 76 1 LW oe Hoon LUNG Se). BR IDE
June 0 62 1 BU | cee || con fie! Ws) GEL TL?
July 3 100 1 PAD Geo |) con. (Ne EX) BEL IDEAL o
87 August 0 28 6 gj] BID Moco |} cob ISS BEE RS yoH
Futtehpore September] 2 | 54 O} ... | 64)... |... |N. 78 43 W.?)
eatr eral October 0 24 0 . |100 | ... | ... | Due West.?
. November| 0 30 0 90 | ... | ... | Due West.?
River Ganges. a
8 December | 13 45 0 66 |... |... |N. 58 14W.?| .
Summer 3 190 8 167 .. |S. 76 44 E
Autumn BN aoc HIM OS No O} ... 254)... | ... IN. 89 13W 4
THe GEE | ceo || Gas Meco [ae Ipicco [eso Wiced Hae Hee GeO wil
88-93. [These numbers |
were not used.?] | |
if January eas ([heeb) ftocors||ocooad| coe ieee lfeene -. IN. 53 0 W,
93(a). Io et well Peri eeo iecea|peeoml||iveca |loco freee lee |fecco | NG SUN) wi
Lucknow. April 60 |} coar tb oan: I] scogtiffli-ccos Il) etoel) Bool! bear if cco NG ZO)! @: ANY
October wf fe fe Pe [ae [ae [ae | oe |S. 5 OW. |
|

' Resultants computed by plotting. ;
2 They were reserved for the records of Fyzabad, Morare, Nagode, Nowgong and Seetapore, which had not

arrived at the time of putting this volume to press. 5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

518 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 93(b) to 96.) India.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS
OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation, the year.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

Calm or var.

93(d). | April 1,

| |
Lucknow 1871, to oulonrle | leno lonaitos Sanines, ani iran!
Observatory [| Dec. 31, \37E 202 206/126|234 157/411/796|1201)737 156

(hours).! J | 1872 | |

52)N. 55 15 W.).

bo
Ww

|

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Direction
of

resultant, Direction,

W. or be-
tween N.& W.
to sum of winds

. E. or be-

tween N. & E.
Ratio of resultant —

S. W. or be-

tween 8. & W.

N.

Calm or
variable.

I

January
February
March
April
May
93(c). June
Allahabad. ] July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
94. Summer
Benares, Autumn
1864-1869. Winter
|| The year
(| January
February
March
April
94(a). May
Benares, | June
1871. July
August
October
November
December
Spring
95. | | Summer
oruckpore, j | Autumn
1869 & 71. | | Winter
l
{

89°
86

won

no
“ImhWwWoococoococococovocmas3199S9ececocoocoooos

444R aR PPE a4qRgrrahdqaheeacaqaenrgesaracet

.

GY A ht th

na tn

sy)

wb

The year
January
February
March
April
95(a). | | May

oruckpore,
1871. | July
U
96 )

or
o-

(os)

August
September
October
November
December

Gk Uh UE UO Ut tt
t
qoococcocoeoc

A
x
les}

Winter

Mozuffere-
pore.

1 Total number of miles of wind during the year (9 months) 18,479.

SIBIRIIS 135 9 AOI US, IAM BHO UNO) BOS ij, 519

(No. 97.) India.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

|
|

Direction.

or be-
or be-

tween N. & W.
tosum of winds.

variable.

W.
tween S. & W.

Ratio of resultant

tween N. & E.
S. TI. or be-
tween 8S. & E.
South,

N. W.

Calm or

lor

| January
February
March
April
May
June
July
97. August

Northeastern | September

India.! October
Nov: mber
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

=a

bo or Nee bh
EO RWwWwwrod he p-1%

ao
WOWwWrcokRNOONns

| N. 20° 52/ W.| 23] N. 6° W.!.
W. 81 10 E. | -20)S. 74 Bb. |
N. 62 .| 15 |S. 63 W.!.074
N

N

H
OEPONrNPWwWoOMrSPOWOM

Howe
ewo

WHE bo
* CWNNONKBKNONWNOMWUOG

.28| West.
| pals)

H
So

1 Observed at the following places, Nos. 67, 94 and 95.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 98 to 103.) Ihoo-Choo and Bonin Islands, and Pacific Ocean.
East of Longitude 180°.

Observed as follows :—

At Napha, Loo-Choo Islands, by officers attached to the United States Expeditions to Japan,
under command of Commodores Perry and Rogers, for an aggregate period of 70 days.

At sea, for an aggregate period of over three years; the observations being collected and
classified from the logs of the different sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory,
under the direction of Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

At Port Lloyd, Bonin Islands, by Anton Schonborn, under direction of Commodore Rogers, for
48 days in the autumn of

.

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERE sl
POINTS OF THE COMPASS. |
|

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. the year. Direction.

7 Wie
to sum of winds.

Calm or var.
Ratio of resultant
Number of days,

South.

98. At
sea, long.
110° to
135° E.
99. At
sea, ac |
115° to
135° E.
100.
Napha.

|
101. At |
(
|
1
|
L
if
|
7 |
|
L

Winter Z | |N. 21 WWE N. 39$°W.| .3¢
The year? | ..|...|...}. cilenot sont) cow fea) ceo! feoe| eral loball aces 5

Spring
Autumn

Spring
Autumn
Winter

sea, long.
1202 to
135° k.
102. At
sea, long.

135° to
145° BE.

Summer j 36

| | |

Spring : |61] 96)< : 22 a ee 12IE
Summer 42/5 39 206 :
Autumn é 10) 22
Winter é
HNN) SEEN! |\eoo|fasell=e5! eo5|| geal|eee||eeo! lot lero! foes
Spring |
Summer
Autumn

Winter

The year?

103. At
sea, long.
145° to
150° E,

INS e Sri os

‘08 |

1 Including Port Lloyd. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

020 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. 2
ZONE No. 14.
LATITUDE 20° To 25° Norta.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
over 36 stations on land, for an aggregate period of over 52 years; at sea for
about 26 years. ‘The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. EF Mele Agesregate length of time.

Sandwich Islands, 3 2 years 9 months.

Mexico, 11 1 year 4 months.

Florida Keys and West Indies, 10 19 years 6 months.

Atlantic Ocean, meters nearly 8 years.

Africa, 4 3 months.

Red Sea, ada 29 days.

Arabian Sea, Reece 454 days —1 year 3 months.

Asia, 8 28 years 7 months.

Bay of Bengal, aise over | year.

China Sea, EES nearly 2 years.

Pacific Ocean, Bie cr 5000 days — 13 years 8 months.
(Nos. 1 to 6.) Sandwich Islands and the Pacific Ocean.

Hast of Longitude 180°.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

At sea, for an aggregate period of about 13 years; the observations being collected and classified
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Captain M. F. Maury, superintendent.

Honolulu, for 406 days in the years 1837, 1840 to 1848 inclusive, and October, 1852, to January,
1853, inclusive.

Lahainoluna, during the months of May, June, and July, 1844.

Wait, by Edward Johnson, from ape 1845, to March, aa inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Pape Monsoon
Points OF THE COMPASS. Sz influeaces.
lz Fs
Place of |Time of the f x .|5 | Directionof |ES|
observation. year. ~ {te a] gj 3 ie E ia = Fi resultant. |S g Direction,
ai. ; : , : al led Se : eile|e on
B/E) A Ble lala lal e lal ea) else les ae
Zlz|2lalaldlaldlalalalE|ElElala io} a
1. Spring 123/206 929 562)340) 91| 95 38) 70| 27; 69} 40 44) 28) 66] 39) 95 N. 57°21/E. |.64 | N. 33,°W.
At sea, | Simmer 14| 10] 114/130] 95| 30} 6] 0} 6] O| 6| O 6] 3) O| 0} ON. 67 59 E. |.81 | N. 742 EY 16
ones | Autumn {129 105) 867 534/785 227/165 46 52] 33) 53) 3) 24] 11) 35) 28) 91|/N. 71 17 E.}.73 |S: aes E. |.10
155° | Winter 26| 29| 161) 96] 82| 46! 20] 6! 32) 11! 26] 17| 21] 11] 11] 9] 18|N. 66 28 BE. |.48 |S. 644 W..|.17
165° W. WU AEA! |) Seal. seal So. |) post} oeee|| ces sae|| eeall| cca vcee|| weall ltseel! vowel|| cet}[h cecell Mes Ne OOm BemeEres | 60 on oeeee
Spring PA) seal) 2/81) pee Lt) see 76 vec | GD) cee 86] sect BL! c-e\ Soll --/LOLIN. Dues, |Avelise 52 E
2. Summer 3|| ...| 421) .../B06) «..| 78l---| 84]! vcs]! 4) Ja] 92) cc] 2) .. B2U N63) Be a7 2 Slee eee
Sandwich Autumn 13|| ...|1985] <../140) ..-|| 65...) 48) <..) 84) ...] 0) ...) 2) ...}424)N5 50) 2b ey 7b: | Nene
Islands. Winter 234| ...| 488] ...| '77| ...| S1].--| 89] ...|420] .../1'79] .../321] .../628]N. 31 39 W.].17 |S. 76° We
The! year! || 24), css) ese || ezel) cos] eae|| eeeils==i|(tssel| ceeel|) eval Mteenl) tome etesl een liter | Muara) Ne) 0 lesan co ee
3. (| Spring 18) 6) 65) 51) 32) 2) 25) 4) 0) 0] 0} 3) 1) O| 3) 0 3|N. 66 32 E. |.73 | N. 32 E.
At sea, Summer 8} 16) 69) 61| 49 4 4| 2} 3] oO} O} O} O} O} O| O} ON. 62 55 E. |.87 | N. 50 EF
longitude Autumn 46|. 61| 450/219|/279| 49) 69/14) 49] 26] 29) 6] 17] 6| 24) 16) 17|N.66 42 E. |.66 |S. 48 W.
140° to | Winter 20] 11) 76] 44]! 80) 15) 23) 9) ‘7 5] 9} 2] 9) O} 11) 5] 3/N. 70 45 ©. |.59 |S. 42 We
es Ww. The syear’|| sll seca enes |b ceealllt cenl| co=al) ceeel| coe lireaal|f news| resell lures | eeel| sacl eae | merce Ines Om Ge Iran yA Praeconce
| Spring 27| 35) 154) 39) 12) 3) 1] 0) 3) oO] 0; Oo; 0} 3) 5] 4) I)N. 41 39 X. |.86 | N. 754 E. |.
hee sea, Summer | 73] 69} 85| 5] 1) 0) ©} 3) Of Oo} OF 0] Oo} O| Oj] 14) 3)/N. 22 49 E. |.89 | N. 393 W.
longitude Autumn 19} 19} 67) 15} 8} 1) 4) 3) 1) of O| 0} OF O} 3] G 4IN. 40 26 E .79 |S. 49 E. |.
125° to [ Winter 14] 30] 98] 43] 30} 6] 4/3) 4) 1] 3] 6] 2) 2) 1! 8 3/N.50 29 E.).72 |S. 14¢E |
140° W. The year! | ...| «| ... Fee (cee) aera eal eel feos lieeall. Gorl|) cecil osalt-ceell casi} coalliMigctde fds fost) eeseceeee
oe (| Spring 42) 20) 31) 3) 0} 0) 0) 0 0} Oo} oO} ‘0; 0] 11) 1) 9) O|N. 10 33 EB. |.84 | N. 13 ER. ).
At sea, || Summer 70) 24, 24) 4) 5) 8) 5 oO) 4 2 4 0} 11) 1) 25) 36 oN. 0 25 W.!.63 |S. 545 W.
longitude | Autumn 58] 35] 25) 5) 0} 0} O| 0) 0} o| oO} oO} Of O| 7 7 #«WIN.13 15. |.86 | N. 263. |}.
115° to Winter 36] 69] 63] 31| 6] 0} 1) 0} O| oO} Of oO} 2) 3 27] 13} 4/N. 19 50 E. |.79 |S. 89 E.
DAS y eel UU ye csihse | eos) cool) Cen |N eee ena limcbal | arrxllocalfi bool cel] capi) cos|) cool cee!) os) ona] cosy No HL BR) 1. | oii Ranpeceee
6. (| Spring 18] 2 5) 1) 4) 1) 5) 4 11) 0] 17) 3) 72) 18)150) 36 10 N. 56 22 W.|.70 ; N. 863 W.
At sea, Summer | 10) 0 2) 1) 5] 0] 6! 0} 2 2| 13) 3] 35] 14) 41) 8] 5)N. 66 52 W.).60 |S. 44 W.
longitude | Autumn [114] 24) 61] 13] 29] 5] 37| 2) 26) 4] 40] 22) 63] 62/342) 75] 80. N. 36 47 W.|.53 | N. 622 E.
105° to || Winter 360| 74| 97| 36] 45] 16] 43) 0] 82] 1] 69| 31/151! 34/269/128) 53,N. 23 11 W.|.48 | N. 742 E.
115° W. [| The yoar! | cctowcs| ces |) ass|. coo{'acc|, scslosl ass] esllceesl coealftass | css lucas] tecce|) fecha eset yet eee

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

"SERIES B. ZONE 14. LAT. 20° TO 25° N. §21

(No. 7.) Eastern Mexico.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Catorce,
Horcasttas,
Padilla,
Llanado,
Queretaro,
San Catalina,
San Felipe,
Tamiagua (Luke),
Tampico,
Venado,
Zacualtipam,

and other places in their vicinity, by Dr. Louis Berlandier, for an aggre-
gate period of 475 days, during transient sojourns about the year 1820,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Ports
OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of* Ratio of |

resultant. resultant f
to sum of }
* winds.

Time of the
year.

tween N. & E,
tweenS. & E
tween S.& W.
tween N.& W.
variable.

N. E. or be-
N. W. or be-
Calm or

8. 62°53/ E.?
5. 45 0O E.???
8. 84 22 E.?
5. 44 17 E.
28 E.

eH
on
aS
oan

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year! ono oon Rae : G08 hs ee cob 5. 56

tenes
Ro
ace
on
regres

z

i}

Spring é 40
0 0

13

107

(No. 8.) Yucatan, Central America.
“On the northern and western coasts of Yucatan there is a constant N. EH. wind throughout the
years.” —Purdy’s Sailing Directory.

(Nos. 9 to 14.) Florida Keys.

Computed from observations made at the following places, viz. :—

Fort Jefferson, for an aggregate period of 51 months in the years 1861 to 1864 inclusive, and
1869, by the Surgeon of the Post.

Fort Taylor, for an aggregate period of 15 months in the years 1861 to 1868 inclusive, by the

Surgeon of the Post.

Indian Key, during the year 1835, by Charles Howe.

Key West, 4 years, 1834 to 1837 inclusive, by W. A. Whitehead.

Key West Barracks.

Salt Ponds, 11 years, 1854 to 1864 inclusive, by W. C. Dennis.

Toriugas Island, during the year 1835, by Alexander Thompson.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE
COMPASS.

|

Direction of
resultant.

H Place of Time of
j Observation. | the year.

S. E.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

W.S. Ww.
W.N. W.
Calm or var.

Ss.

January
February
March
April
May
9 June
] vy July
Key West. meme
September
October |
November) 161
December | 4
The year 56 576

I
Don |
&9 9
~Tco

o
on

~)
i

co fe

AAAZAZAnUNDAAA |
=
o

hs

or

SSSCSCOCOCOIENE

i

PANODSSOMMOS
BO 0 HOO

POSOSCCOMDOMS
OB Be or
Swnakonws

ASMDOSDSOCMHMOM! N.N.E.

MOTMDOOCTSCHRMNOWDS

DBSSOSHAMHOMOSC)S | West.

AS
SHOSSOMDOMOOMMS

=
=
i

66 May,1975.

522 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 9(a) to 13(a).) Florida Keys.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS PROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place and Time of the
kind of year.
observations

N. E. or be-

tween N. & E
tween S.& W.
tween N. & W.

Spring

| Summer
| Autumn
Winter
The year?

as |

9(@).
Hort Taylor.

Spring
Summer ‘3 1249
Autumn f i 585
Winter ; 5 359

ae West
Barracks.

at

|

l

|

6 (| Spring By alr)
} Summer 36 2 | 335
|

L

if

|

4

|

L

if

|

4

|

l

>)

No. of ob-
servations.

| Autumn 97 96
Winter : 22 129
The year? | .., cr as ses bee
Spring 54 2383 |3145 (2542 | 521
Summer 20 49 3895 | 579
Autumn |2677 |44 265 1120 |3055
Winter |4159 24 2066 | 466

items

miles.

The year?

Spring 14.26 16.21/17.19 14,95|14.08
Summer /12.1712-96/15.39 11.77] 9.49
Autumn |13.9415.50 55 11.67/11.32
Winter 18.08 17.17/11. 69/16 .02/15.03)

Spring 34
Summer | 6
| Autumn | 34
| Winter 5 32
| The year
Spring
13. | Summer
Indian {| Autumn
Key. | Winter
{| The year
( January
February
March
April
May
June
July
13(a). August
Fort | September
; Jefferson. October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

11. Surface winds at Salt Ponds
in the years 1855, 56 & °57.!

M’n vel. in No. of
SE

—

Tort ae
Island.

H

H

ray Te ORG
CWO RON OOH H PH

be

FP SONNWHROANHWh wo
ae
O16

bo
reg

bo
ore

Calm or
variable.

SOCtHH UND ENORO

: =
- Coceocoeocsooocoe

1

AAD i i
ese HesfeoMesfesfesiesfesic>|

Direction of
resultant.

5. 60° 49/ BE.
8. 17 26 W.
N. 88 30
N. 72 45
8. 62 59 E.

PA MM mains
beta tet et pot bt

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

:

EERE

-28

! From this table we obtain the following summary of results:

Number of days.

Spring.

| Summer. |

| Autumn. | Winter.

The year.

Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 15.43

Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the opebees move with the foregoing
average velocity 0

True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own average velocity,
as shown in the table above . ; . : A 3 5

Excess of the ee over the Oa

| Bis

13.78 16.66

14.56

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

NOR CO me OR One my Py
Ja a r * »4

a a at cea

SPREE SB ZONE as 1AM 2/01) TO) 25.0) Ne

(No. 14.) Florida Keys.— Continued.

; A
Kindof .| Time of 3
observations. the year.

Direction of | 2S
resultant. |. | Direction.

or be-

)
=)

HA
°
|

tween 8. & W.
W.

S. W. or be-
tween N. & W.

q
vo i
:
Spring |11233)15534|2037)1547| 765
Summer 330 | 126562329 1020
Autumn /1422 |2762 |2269)1291) 475
Winter 1817 |2 1498 1048) 439
The year! ae |
Spring 20 17/| 24) 53
Summer 15 y 13 35) 25
Autumn 24 73) 45) 14
Winter 13 || § 24| 24) 33
The year! Ae a Sya8 bin eal WO tte
Spring 11433/16254)2054 1571) 818
Summer 345 {1063 2669) 2364/1045
Autumn 1446 |2843 |2342 1336) 489
Winter 1830 |2054 1525/1072) 472) 2
The year! | ... 050 oon | ano Hf 006

4
n
a

|

nN.

a)

5/ E.

=)

Surface
winds.

nS
CO Oo
Coro)

ZAAPAAAALAAAALA

= —“—__-

*39°| S! 72
19 |S. 11
-16 | N. 60
.153|

31 le 76
47 | 8. 9b
493) N. 27° E.

Motion

servations at all stations.

14. Aggregate number of ob-

The two
combined. of clouds.

“30

12541 8. 85° w.|.

453) N. 10 W.|.

523

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. a influences.

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 15 to 18.) West Indies.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Havana, Cuba, by Andres Poey, from July 15, 1850, to July 11, 1851, and during the years 1859

1860 and 1861.
Matanzas, Cuba, by A. Mallory, during the years 1832, 1833, 1834 and 1835.

?

Turks Island, Southern Bahamas, by J. B. Hayne aad others! during an aggregate period of 36

months in the years 1844, 1859, 1860, 1861, 1863, 1864, 1865 and 1868.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation. year.

Calm or
variable.
to sum of winds.

| Direction.

Monsoon
influences.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year
January
February
March
April
May

| June
July

| August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeart

1
oo >

& L1e | Ratio of resultant

; 15:
Havana.

sa

QP edd dd dad tt tet ed Kad td df dt dt bt ddd

a)

No

Aart
ite)

=I)
o
les)
=
ex
—
bo
> HOoooH

ecooHowonr,

= 0909 0 ct \ 1c oH eat en eat SID tae SCR
See Gm cee 5 a a ee a
> a > I~

=>

wmowsoooconwnocoocoe

bh
SCHmmPRSOSCOCOHA

STINDEATNWPNOONHFOOHWWwWoONM

AWNOoOrcoOoCocCoOrCcCCOoOoCoCOoOW

i)
ra

17.
Northern
Cuba.

bee
(copie)
a

oye
Ror

H

b

RRR AG
+ Coco NO
ie)

a:

Eee
Ion!

be bs bd

{
|
{
|
L
{
ae
f)
|
j
|
L
ff
a
L

:; ORS

1 J. C. Crisson, A. J. Carothers, United States Consul, W. Hamilton and §. G. Garland.
2 Months and seasons for the year 1835 only. 3 Two preceding numbers combined.
4 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

5 AIO Wiel
. 55 E.
. 20 E.
. 144 W

524

(Nos. 19 to 28.)

Atlantic Ocean.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Longitude 15° to 80° W.

Computed from observations for an aggregate period of nearly 8 years, collected and classified,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT

Points OF THE COMPASS.

W.S. W.
West.
w.N. W.
Calm or var.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Place of Time of the
observation. year.
19, , (bieenee
Longitude | peace
se to {| Autumn
80° W | | Winter
“(| The year!
1 20. Spring
Longitude Ae
55° to utumn
60° W Wiuter
: The year!
21 (| Spring
Longitude | | Summer
50° to 41 | Autumn
55° W | | Winter
* (| The year!
22. {| Spring
Longitude | SR
40° to | Autumn
50° W. | | Winter
(| The year!
| January
February
March
April
23. May
| Longitude June
AEo io) iilipa ee
Eno ugus
eee September
October
November
December
l The year
24. SPEne
{ Longitude | SHLPERIAS
35° to Autumn
40° W | | Winter
“(| The year!
25. (| Spring
> Longitude | pearl
30° to ] utumn
i 35° W. Winter
f * [| The year!
1 26. (| Spring
j Longitude \y) Saminter
Smtoncre Autumn
f 30° Ww. | Winter
i | The year!
d 97. | Spring
H Longitude | | Summer
| ane ti Autumn
f 25° W [ Winter
{ r The year!
4 (| January
h | February
1 | March
| April
28. ee
Longitude } | anne
ee | ee
° 5
ie Wee | September
| October
| November
| December
lL) The year!

cs e)\) elas

AlAl als | vale

. OU esp ele,

Binlnl|n\|nin
45] 85} 20] 26] 5] 21
34] 35] 4) 6] 4! 2
29] 32! 17| 8] 11] 20
19] 52) 7| 28) 9) 11
45| 82! 15] 28] 6] 13
33] 25] 10) 2] 3] 4
21) 65) 11) 17) 9) 8
29| 37] 6] 14] 9] 9
28] 42) 6] 12) 7| 14
14] 15] 3! 7 Oo] 5
35| 35] 4] 14] 16] 13
10} 8] 13] 12) 4) 8
25) 4) 5) 17) i4)8
6 Cl eed eA |e |e
26] 12} 9} 4| 5] 3
Geel Yh el te oll
22] 28] 9] 30] 10] 9
23] 40] 18] 15] 10) 9
36] 60] 11] 21) 7 20
58] 78] 14] 37| 9] 24
36] 75] 20/ 18] 4) 7
29) 29)" 191) 19)| 45), a7
32] 22| 6] 6] 0] 3
20) 24) 3] 4) 4) 38
20] 60} 3} 10} 10) 15
52| 68| 21] 14] 14) 22
27| 14) 17) 18] 17) 7
19} 29; 5} 9] 2l 10
374/507/134/191] 92136
AW OF AE) al
AP Ah all OF |) .@
26| 10] 13] 4] 3] 3
CH) out ala} al) i)
ai SS BAP al
Wed al wal a 2)
24, 6] 7 6] 6] 6
33] 12] 14! 8] 21) 9
6] 2! 4} ©} 10) 6
Wy Tai) GG) 2
9| 4) 8} 7 14) 13
14, 1} 4) 1) 6) 5
GO) Al @) es) a
BY oy) NL al) )
5| 1) 2) 6] 8] 3
16] 4| 5] 5) 2) 4
29/ 10) 8] 5) 17) 15
25|| 8) 1s! 5] 4) 5
15| 5] 7] 12} 19] 105
16) 1) 4} 1} 12) 3
3110] 010) etiero
119 e312 || |e
MD) ip GN BD
TE) By A Op
Tey ay) Gy] al 24
19} 8} 8} 12) 11) 11
44) 14] 13) 10] 16] 12
24) 2/10) 7 14) 3
222 55] 97) 56/106] 65

|

i

eH

eaTSO SD

la
j=l

119 0 09:
a
a

=

woe bo

Aeoaw:

eae

wwcr:

iene
NSIODON! OROR? WOOr

mono at!

ther:

= 5
SWwoc: .

AZAAAAZAZAAZAAZVAN

~I

<o

oo

=J

=r 5
SHom:
: ooo:
ara

a toe
Hoon:
'‘ owoo:
b: .
OO: wWwop-t:

=
bo : g ie
BOoOWwW: Pwnpw: pwost: wzeHoo:
bob

WOWOWWNNOSCONMA190MM:
ho bo
EP pe

He
SHM

b

: or a
Anon: WOOMENWOHONNOWUAWoN:

1

ive}

H

Gs

<I

HOON: BNO? HOOWSOHARWWoOOOM
o

: ED
OO: ONWNKOMNOTH DOM ONW®D

1

a .
aQWOm: DBRODUNWHWWOOWO

eee
NwNo-

— is CG
Tero: PaTwWw! wae Pp

N. 79° 42’
S. 87 45
77 12
72 55
84 50
80 28

aI
oo
bo
oS

Oo
bo
r=

ao
ie)
Oo

om 6
Inst
woo w
boo

Whore

omere:
ow
cow
bop
boo

a
S)
iS
S

cme
mun
|S 186)

o
bo

ae

= : :
1 WOwWh: ROO:

ran
ERpoH!
hoe:

Bawa ata
ry
wm
rs
it~}

a=

SIVMTWOWSHIN A
MAAN HLAONwN! OhWa:

AABAWOW ANP OT? Wo ha:

BEE DHOSOmHE BAER:
BDEPOWORPNNENAWO:! PNSOO! Worst? POrHH:

I
bo
=
SS ee
R=}
oe

83, N. 55

ABAAAAAAAAUAAA AAA eAAAVAeABAawAaaaaa
=I
to
r=

Cte’
ow
i}

N. 65

bo
cont
bb bs

oo
=I
bo
o
SES et atk ded ad bt edad dh at tt ft dt dt

re
ao
to
SE bd dh et dat bat dd ah tt da bt bt bd edd bt dd ft bd ad bd ed Et tt

from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Monsoon

influences.

Direction.

N. 15° W.l.
N. 86 E. |.
S. 72 W.|.
N. 94 W.l.

741 B. |,

Zn

624 W.|.

A MA
bo "
=I
bop
les}

MAA Ana Wn
for)
lor]
=

1 Computed from the resnltants for the seasons.

"592 W.|.02
124 W.).10

| Number of days.

155 |
133 |

IIR IBIS 15 YAU 18, wi oP S BOS UNO)! BHO ny, 525

(Nos. 29 to 31.) Northwestern Nubia, Red Sea, and Western Arabia.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—

me Nubia, and the intervening regions, by Frederick Cailliard, from November 22,
ee CEN 1820, to January 10, 1821, and from May 18 to 31, 1821.
omas,

River Nile (lat. 22° to 24°), by Dickinson and Hubbard, from January 27 to February 12, 1857.
Red Sea, by Lefebore, for 29 days in the winter of 1838—9.
Jidda, Arabia, by Lefebore, for 18 days in April and May, 1839.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ga
Z S. aS a
=] 5 5 5 Peart b
fs 3 i: Ee Ae e
Place of Time of or) aye) ge 53 Bs; Directionof | 20}
observation. the year. rae vel oo are r= resultant. wd a
. | 34 ie) _ |ou OA | a8 38 Fy
S| Se s | Sa el ee 2s [Parl ae an 2
5 (8e| 2 lao) Ses] Bese Zo| §
2 ge) & pes) © 12El Sf 1ee ee ae Ee}
Alas) A lmel am ims | & las | | Fo Z
ny | nets | | A ioe Sn ae Alle
‘ Ri Spring ig | @ (a) | ah 0 0 0 0 ) | N. 40° 14/ W.??? | 43
ae ee ecsern | | Autumn / 13] 0] 0} 0} 0] O} 0] 0) 1] Due north.27?) .93
; Winter | 80 | 0 Or 0 1 1 By) 8) aN, Bh Bie Wve |) ee
30. Red Sea Winter 4 1 OO} 8 il 5 0 | 20 [ove N. 50 59 W.?? | .48 29
31. Jidda, Arabia. Spring 0 2 2 0 0 6 3} 23) ... |N.56 14 W.??] 67] 18 |

(No. 32.) Arabian Sea, longitude 56° to 724° H.
Computed from observations collected and classified, from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at

Observatory, under the direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

the United States Naval

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT 7

Points OF THE Compass. A ot i
Cis) a
qd =
=8 5
H ne us)
Time of . Ke fs 5 Direction of eS ro
the year. & 4 = 3 ele E a He Wee resultant, Ss 8
Elzlalelelalalalélalel@/elelelels Be ie
e\elalalalalalal@lalalelelelalals ee |e

ss ; -
| i
Spring d 0) 2) 5) 8 13) 15) 4 7| 16} 33] 12) 23) 17) 6) 3) (2) St 419437 Ww. | .42 55
Summer 3) 1 2) AN il) PAL By (I) ala OG @). PA) al au 0) 8. 15 40 W. 40 19 ¥
Autumn 25) 26) 28) 7) 3! 11) 15) 7 11) 17| 42) 26 38) 11) 17) 10) 15) N. 81 26 W. | .20 103
Winter Wy ‘a 8)| Bl) Ao) 4 G} 6) Wy Le Or Sh Sy AOL Wil By ae Bed 19). 25) 50
The year! ne “| al See | | By ...| S. 52 11 w. | 1174 | 227 |

(Nos. 33 to 39.) India.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—
Akyab, during the years 1868 and 1869.
Bancoora, by John McRichie, during the year 1832.
Calcutta, during the years 1861 to 1865 inclusive.
Dum-dum, by Hardwicke, for a period of eight years; date not preserved.
Kurrachee, from May to October inclusive in the year 1844.
Nagpoor, by Dr. Wylie, from 1821 to 1823, and from 1826 to 1829, both inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation. : year.

variable,

| East.

N. E. or be-
tween N, & E,
| S. E. or be-
oo>c | tWeenS. & E.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Oalm or
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds
Number of days,

8. 87° 43/W.??
Ss. 85 11 W.
N. 86 42W.?

f May
33. Kurrachee. Summer
{ Autumn

won|

woo
acorn

526 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Wos. 34 to 39.) India.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon.
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Ww.

Direction of

Place of | Time of the
resultant,

observation. | year.

or be-
tween S. & W.|

Direction.
|
1

Ww.

Calm or

to sum of winds.

tween 8. & E.
veriable.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.

S. E. or be-

Ss.

N. W. or be-
tween N.&

Ratio of resultant

34. |
aati 23° 0” W...44

( January |. 66] 53! 37] ‘74
0 W.).

February 154) 75} 75) 117
March | 79] 176] 197| 281
April 3; 29} 163) 326; 284!
May 91) 226 258) 209}
June | 244) 159 | 250}
July 20) 177| 258)
| August 3] 238) 226
September 207) 266
October ¢ j $1
November g 2 25
December j 2} 10
Spring | 565)
Summer 359) 643)
Autumn
Winter

The year?
Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year
Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year 1425 1750/1760

AAAND ANT UIA IA

SooooooSCSoS
gagherresas

36.
Calcutta.

ale
Nos. 35 and 36
combined.

|
4
|
L
if
|
4
|
L

38.
Bancoora.! |
(| Spring 12| fa) 6 0
| | Summer 11 22) 24) 1
4 | Autumn 10 18} 10 4
| 2
L

Winter if} 2 6 5 2 5} 1
The yea 39 49} 55) ¢ 45) 17

' The observers report the following as the prevailing directions of the wind in the different months of the
year at these places.

January. February. March. April. May. June,

Bancoora A 6 N. W. Ww.S. We W.N. W. West West West
Nagpoor . - 6 . East Variable Variable Westerly West

July. August. September. October. November. December.

Bancoora 6 : East West West | N. W. . W. N. W.
Nagpoor . 5 c . West West West Northerly 6 lies Variable

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

wy
(Nos. 40 to 45.) Bay of Bengal, China, China Sea, and Pacific Ocean.
West of longitude 180°.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Bay of Bengal, for an aggregate period of over one year, and collected and classified at the
United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

China Sea, for an aggregate period of nearly two years, and collected and classified at the United
States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Hongkong, China, for a period of five years, 1853 to 1859.

Victoria Peak, Hongkong, obs. of the Royal Engineers.

Pacific Ocean, for an aggregate period of one year, collected and classified as above.

SERIES B. ZONE 14. LAT. 20° TO 25° N. 5927

(Nos. 40 to 45.) Bay of Bengal, etce.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENOE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF Monsoon
THE COMPASS, =) influences, a
Es e
SE 73
Place of ob- | Time of the A A f $ 3! Direction ou “
servation. year. a a al gj s E = = y er p = $3 of resultant. Se Direction. F A
B|2/8 Ale lalalalSlalel|@|s|2|F le | ee ga B| 3
a|2|42/e|eal/aluldlalalale|Elelalaior Be & | 2
| Spring 8} 3) 1) 2! Z| i) 6) 8] 15) 54) 85) 16) 11) 4) 2] 2) 2/8. 38°75’ WwW.) .73
40. Summer I} 0} 63) +O} 0} 3) 7 5} 40) 32) 74) 80) 3) 0] 2) 0} 4/S» 31 19 W.).80
Bay of Autumn 38) 26) 34) 19; 14) 14) 24) 24) 16) 22) 48) 19] 20) 10) 24) 35) 16)N. 31 15 W.| .07
Bengal. | Winter 51) 65) 71} 8] 7 8] 8} 9] 18] 13] 20] 21) 9] 9) 16) 18) 21/N.18 9 E. |.38
{| Mags S7EBT | ooo] coal} coef cool} ccell coal] coal! coll onl! ocelf cee!) ecall- cecil eccll coal) call aoa l[fSs 483 24 Vural! 24)
41 ( Spring 10} 6} 31) 28) 36] 26) 55) 35) 40) 10) 10 2) 2) 0} J) 1) 1/8. 56 4 EH. |.60
China Sea | | Summer 2| 4) 19) 17| 23) 13) 27] 21] 53) 34) 44) 17) 15) 4) 8) 6] 4/S. 2 48 BE. |.41
Tong 106° 4 Autumn 25) 20) 99) 43) 50) 12) 21) 3] 3) 1) 5] 6] 5) 3] 19) 1| 11|N. 55 11 BE. /.61
to 115° E | Winter 42| 26) 59) 7 14) 4) 8] 6] 4! oO] oO} oO} 3] 2} 7 2) O}N. 35 54 E. | .68
~ {|| Be sEHP E ocal] oooll Geel) coal) ceoll eosll oo sco) cool| ccol] onal] coal! col] seal] coal oe No GES GO 19, [oe
( January Sle 7| ...| 14) . 2 Ole 0 2] . WW cool 2
February Ue Bi cooll LI 1 il) 1 Bil o OH coal), 24
March aie 8]. 8}. 7 ill) 3 0} . PAL eal]. al
| April 0}. 8} . coal} 10) 5 Attias 2 1| . Oh 2
May Oo}. 6] . Zl cool) WO} 0} . 3) 1; . 2) . 2
June alll Slee Bylo 8]. ill 5 7 2). 2). 1
July ae 2). 7 8) . 2). al I PA il
. | SEE eee eer ee
eptember 6 A 0 6 ei 5 5
SSE October | 2) ...| 11) ...| 10| ..| | | 1) | 0 A coll Bl aes a
November 3) 10) . alee 3} oO}. il iil o 3]. 2
December| 3) . )) 'doo|f TEM! 2 Oo}. 0 ill] 2). 3
Spring TW eel] ZPAV Scoall ZA 27 2| . 8 2) . 4. 5|S. 80 47 E. |-50 | 8. 43° EB. |.15
Summer 3] B)| Cool) tbe) Saal) 240) 4) ...| 22 re bl 6 5/S. 28 55 HE. |.26 |S. 444 W.).37
Autumn Yl cnoll 24B)) col) PY) coal) UL 2) . 4 4. 8} . 6|N. 64 23 E.|.45 | N. 6 E. |.16
| | Winter U| cool) 25) cal) Bia 5 5 illo 1 6] . 3} 7|N. 65 33 HE. |.58 | N. 343 BE. |.25
i l| The year | 18} ...| 81] ...] 97] ...| 63 Sea} eh) 19 20) 93|N. 85 29 H. | .39
(a). Victoria Peak.
See Addendum.
43 (| Spring 22) 27) 50} 30) 45] 17 12) 13} 11; 8} 10) 0; 3) 0} 3/ 12) O|N. 66 53 E 353 “ne
China Sea, | | Summer 3] 2) 16) 8] 5) 5) 20) 7% 22) 19) 35) 20) 4) O} 1! Oo} O|S. 7 10 W.|.45 “
Ton 15° 1 Autumn 23] 29) 99) 52) 20) 5) 11} 0} 6] 2) 9) 15) 10) 1 4) 5) 2\N 46 40 E. |.59 .
en 120° E | | Winter 27) 36|116] 43) 16; ©} 8) 2) 1) 4! Oo} 0} 1} O| O| 3) 2|N. 45 59 E. |.83 on
(0), Ne $7@ NT Sool] eeall acall cool!) cos!) cool}! ded!) Geol)! deal] “apoll ceell) cell God!) coo|lees0l 9 cool! Voce INs Kee (ONG Vc? SIS tcooeconeo, 9 || toon
44, (| Spring 27| 15) 42) 34] 46) 17] 14) 8] 12) 3] 5) 1) 8] 3] 4) 8] GIN. 65 52 Bm. |.52 | N. 743 B. |.04
Pacific Summer Ol DN Pa) 73) 78) 0) 5) 6) 7) 3) 124) 3) 0) 1) yo) aS: 13° 9 BY | $36) | S82 322 We 65
Ocean, 4| Autumn 9] 19] 62] 18] 21) 4] 2) 2) 2] 2] 6] Oo} 3] 1] oO] 1) 3/N.52 5 HE. |.71 | N. 342 E. |.36
long. 120° Winter 15] 32] 98) 34] 18) 7 13] 0] 2| 1] 2) ©] oO O} Oo} 6 1|N.50 46 E. |.80|N. 313 E. |.353
to 130° BE. || The year! | ...| ...] ...| . cel] e50]] -cooll os0|| casi! acall coa!] cool] cxolt anal} cool) coo fo GB) 1p | c245) |fcoscon ccs oo
- 45. | Spring 4| 31| 60} 73] 57| 43] 32] 19] 10] 2] 16] 3] 1) 1} 9} 7 7|N. 81 33 B.|.60|N. 85 E. |.26
Pacific Summer 0} O 0 0} 3] 0] 3] Oo} 6] Oo} 6] 3] 6) O| 0} O| OJS. 31 30 W.)| .65 8. 473 W.|.91
| Ocean, Autumn 3} 6) 10) 12) 6; 2) oO; OF; 1) O}| 4) OF O 0 0} 0} O|N. 58 27 EB. |.65 | N. 363 E. |.35
long. 130° Winter 18| 3] 34) 13] 14) 6] 6| 0] 3] Oo] 1] Oo} 3] Oo] 0} 1] 6|N. 54 38 E.|.65 | N. 328 E. |.37
to 150° E. The year! | ... caoll Go) ccall coal ooall csoll ceall desl desl) nasi} -ceaile aabll aS4all onl sea (tlNlo ZAG). Par 105 Micah ser eeeeee
|

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Addendum to Zone No. 14.

Time of the
year.

mm
4
4
4

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
42(a). August
Victoria Peak September
(Hongkong). October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

WHDTIWOSSCOHMN ABA
HH

sa

bore
SWHORrOSDSHENWOAMDBRHOS

WlOONHFSOOCSCSCHHEOFOSCSCOS
RBNrFWNrFOHMONRFOOCOHHOM

APPONERFONRNRAWAGEH LD

iJ*)
ns
iS]

Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

528 WINDS OF THE GLOBE :

ZONE No. 15.

LATITUDE 15° To 20° NortH.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
over 26 stations on land, for an aggregate period of over 39 years: at sea for
26 years 3 months. ‘The distribution is as follows:—

Where observed. acre y . Aggregate length of time.
Pacifie Ocean, many 4074 days = 10 years 10 months.
Mexico, 10 4 years.

West Indies, 5 3 years.

Atlantic Ocean, Sepa nearly 7 years.

Bay of Bengal, Bakes 1740 days —4 years 8 months.

China Sea, diate 1350 days —3 years 7 months.

Africa, 8+ 1 year 4 months.

Asia, 3 13 years 7 months.

Red Sea, Oy ners 24 days.

°

(Nos. 1 to 5.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 8451 days, collected and classified, from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF “5 Monsoon
THE COMPASS. ae influences, yd
ea
| EE :
Time of “ E : : |S! Direction | &3 |
Shee oi the year. a A A a Ble E 5 a ; e 2 Se Ge NESE, 35 Dine ,
EIA Ale lala lal slale|2)e|4 |B |e gs 22
zlzl/alalalalalajalalal/elEl|E lela is gs
| i
(| Spring 65) 74/600)249)248| 70/101} 10) 46) 8) 40) 3) 50) 4) 21) 35) 57\N. 61°49’ E. | .64) 8. 61°49/W.).
il. | | Summer 1) 2) 96) 38] 35; 0) 10) 0; 3] 0) 0} 2 4 O} OF O} 9IN. 62 15 E. | .79|N. 80) E.
Long. 150° 4 | Autumn 66) 56/635 384 452) 82) 78] 21 13) 10) 29) 2) 15) 8] 40) 23)112/N. 65 7 E.|.72|S. 482 B
to165° W. | | Winter 59| 36|234/128)139| 9] 38) 1| 26] 3] 15) 2) 10) 1) 29) 7 36)N. 58 15 E. | .64)S. 872 W.
{| The year! |...) se] se] see! esef see] cee] ce] cee] cee] cee] cee| cer] see] one] oe] ee/Ne GL 49 EL 070] ...-.ces
Spring 42) 97/681)187/188] 32) 44; 9} 3) 4] 5) Oo} 4) 9) 3] O| SIN. 55 47 EB. | .85/S. 30 E
2. | Summer 7| 17) 53) 23] 2) 0; O} O} O} O| O} OF OF OF J} OF ON. 43 40 BE. | .93|N. 62 W
Long. 135°} | Autumn 1| 23/104) 53) 7] 12) O| O] O} OO} OF OF OF O} O| O| ON. 53 17 E. | .93)N. 81 EF.
to 150° W. | | Winter 25| 28/186) 71) 54) 8] 10) 1) 4} Oo} 9) Oj} 6) 5} 10) 10) ON. 50 20 E. | .75)|S. 532 W.
AW resect Tt | ero) G51) pen | ccal) aaah) o5)| cool] cool) ceoll oo]! axel] cool] Sasi) ccclfieessl| sascl]) oon/[l GK) 20) IEE |) NEI) ces aan
(| Spring 49) 64/128) 9) 22) 1) 10) 1) 1) 0} 3; 0} 0} 0; 13) 5) 2Q)\N. 34 30 E. | .80)S. 173 W.
335 || Summer | 69] 24) 77; 12) 5) 0) 5) Of} 2) 1) 2) ©} 2) 3) J 10) 11)N. 25 21 BE. | 17) 8. 363 W.
Long. 120° { | Autumn 4) 27) 59) 8} 3] 3h 0] 0] 0] OF OF Of OF Of 0} 18] ON. 33 13 E. | .87)N. 18 E
to 135° W. | | Winter 20| 24)140! 39) 19) 3] 3) 0] 0} 0} 0} oO} 1) OF 6 38] O|N. 45 20 EB. | .88/8. 70 E
| The yeart | oc.) ...] 2] coe] se] cee] see] cee] cee] cee] cee] eee] cee] cee! cee] ace] oee( NN 34 58 EB. | 82) .c.cccce
Spring 23} 7/ 35; 0} 9 3) 0} 0} O} 0} O] 0; OF OF 3) 244 BN. 19 50 EB. /.73)N. 14 E.
4. Summer | 388] 19) 27} 1) 11} 3) 11) 0} 3) 1) 20) G| 34) 0} 16) 30) 17|\N.19 43 W.| .39)S. 632 W.
Long. 110° { | Autumn 41] 15) 58] 23) 10} 10) 11; 1} 7 O} 3) 3] 6} O} 23) 5) 5IN. 32 50 E.|.55)S. 48 E
to 120° W. | | Winter 43] 41/109| 18] 19) 4) 0] 0} 0} O; Oo} Oo} 3] O} 15) 8] 3IN. 32 29 EB. | .82) N. 564 E
[ The year! | ...] ...| ---] cee[ soe] one] cee} cee] cee[ eee] cee[ eee] aeel cee] oee[ eee] ee/N. 21 15 BE. | 259) --...000
(| Spring 31| 8} 6) 0} Of O} 1{ oO; 3) 3] 8) 2) 28) 33] 65) 20) 12IN. 46 9 W.|.70| N. 78} W.
5. Summer 5| vi si a) 6! 12) 8] o| 7 2) 2] ai 5) Jl Yl 4) GIN 66 30 © |r )/s! 553 EB.
Long. 90° Autumn 69] 9} 50) 13) 20) 12) 39) 4) 15) 0} 14) 4) 44) 30/200) 37 56N. 26 17 W.| .43}N. 35 W.
to 110° W. Wiuter 128) 15/126) 39) 55] 21] 40/ 2) 20) 2) 65] 12] 85} 39/192) 36) 88/N. 16 25 W.| .34| N. 772 E.
Mh enyearea mcs | meen | eee leans [eae Seal) ao0|t cca)! Saal! eal] aoc aon N. 24 50 W.| 035 | seseceeee

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

. SERIES B. ZONE 15. LAT. 15° TO 20° N. 529

(Nos. 6 to 13.) Southern Mexico and Honduras.

Computed from observations made at the following places, viz. :—

City of Mexico, by Louis Berlandier, for 92 days in summer and 95 in autumn, during transient
sojourns in the city, in the years 1819 to 1825, and by Prof. L. C. Ervendberg, during the first
eleven months of 1856. The latter were reported to the Smithsonian Institution.

Cordova, by J. A. Hicto.

Frontera Tabasco.

Vera Cruz, by officers of the Medical Department of the United States bene from June, 1847, to
August, 1848, inclusive, except February; and by an observer whose name is not preserved, from
August to December inclusive in 1856, and during the months of May, 1857. The Jatter observer
appends a note saying that “the winds recorded in the column headed N. W. were generally
N. N. W.,” and, therefore, in preparing the following table they were distributed equally between
the columns headed North and N. W.

Mazatlan, Mexico, 42 days in January and February, 1848.

Minatitlan, Mexico, 12 months in 1858 and 1859.

Mirador, Mexico, 12 months in 1858 and 1859.

San Juan Bautiste, Mexico, 12 months in 1858 and 1859.

Truxillo, Honduras, by H. Purdot, July to December inclusive, 1854.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

; Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF 1HE COMPASS.

influences,

Place and Time of
kind of the year.
observations.

Direction of

1esultant, Direction.

sum of winds.

variable,
Ratio of resultant to

S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.
S. W. or be-
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

|
|

as
w)
iaopo!

. 13° 28/

iy)

ie)
for]
'
fopyilojiveyie) i
Bees | Number of days.

No. of ob-
servations.

No. of
miles.

NNAANMNNAAM
Hones ee

Surface wind.

Autumn
Winter

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

ey
eo]
ao,
i
a
oD
a
o
=
~~
a
as
fo}
°o
2
w
ov
=
a
ke
=
2
o
eo

Oman Swat |

Motion
™ of clouds.

SSS Se

No. of ob- M’n vel. in
servations. miles p.h’r.

Ooty
OH:
Susy

City of Mexico.

| Aggregate num-

ber of observa-
tions.

bh
qems sage

tet ft ad bd Bt tt

From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

Spring. .| Autumn. i 7 The year.

y Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour s 3.82 c 3.34 5 4.18
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds
from every point of the coe move with the foregoing
average velocity ne 1.61
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the
several points of the compass each their own maces pee,

as shown in the table above . : . gy 1.43
Excess of the latter over the former

v
' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

67 May, 1875.

530 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. :

(Nos. 8 to 13.) Southern Mexico and Honduras.—Conlinued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF re Monsoon
THE COMPASS. ga influences. 7
= baw! ————— ae
| | | ae 3
i ; : %) Direction of | ='S re}
tea of were cea @ A i A A ala 5 ; a “9 = i= 38 een Sg Direction. ; 5
observations. % 2lealz| #laldlalslale Hh | a AlB ig EP ge Z e
z\4| 2 le] a |Alalalalala|e lee la) 2 i gs é \ke
Spring | 33/126} 87| 3| 45) 3).14] 13] 19] 30] 55} 3] 42) 8) 31 33|N. 35°32/E. |.363| N. 74° W.| .07
| Summer 6/152) 100) 2 112] 5| 15} 19] 0} 17) 29} 2) 25) 4) 41) 15) 8/N. 53 29 E. |.49 | N. 77 E. | 12
__ 3 J} Autumn | 93/122] 133] 3/ 40] 4) 14] 13) 6] 21) 34) 2) 18) 4| 27/ 10] QIN. 46 24 B. |.393) N. 71 E. | .02
Cordova. | | Winter 61/105} 108| 1) 41] 7} 21) 11] 33) 35) 64| 1) 16) 3) 30) 3) 1/N.45 18 E. |.28|8. 47 W.| .10
| The year® | ...| .--| .. |---| 06 Bool} ea) cee Mecelk, eaalll eee || ceo ..|N. 44 12 E. |,36
Spring 46] ...| 376)...| 462).../337| ...)266] .../491) .../229) .../108} ...) 5)S. 34 10 E. |.2
3 a |!Summer |104! ...| &G7|...| 466|...|257) ...,207] ...{544) ...!241) .../1163) ... 25)8. 63 27 E. |.13
£3) Autumn 3] ...| 433)...| 399].../332] .../219] .../628) ...j/201| ...] 82) ...) O1S. 27 29 E. |.21
2 — || Winter 43) ...| 379|...| 515|.../457| ...|245] .../533) ...)265) ...| 66] ...) 24/5. 39 40 BH. |.28
: They Gear coal ly as|| eee Wes aeseyel ee becca feel lees eee eee tess lines ees [ee |S. 38 44 BB. |.17
5 4 Spring 91] ...) 176)...| 264)...|375| ...|460] .../377) .../106) ...| 82 .{S. 17 14 E. |.39 | 8. 35 W.) .25
cS | 2g ||Summer /200) ...| 489)...) 936]...)508) ... 241 149 | 56 163 |S. 87 21 E. |.41 | N. 45 E. | .21
24-38 4)/ Autumn [308] ...| 497)... 374)...|435] .../302) ...)140) ...| 63 165 .(N. 87 43 E. |.33 | N. 21 EH. } 19
2 | || Winter 145) ...| 218...) 227)...|496) ...|496) .../238) ...) 70)... 115 |S. 85 39 E. |.35 |S. 27 W.| .14
2 Sa | Elves syceun | ese|fces| | tessin fece| esrenil seller flew lee teze| [eee rere fees Ise ee |S. 58 38 E. |.31
= | Spring /137| ...| 552'...| 726]...)712) .../726] .-./868) .../335) ....190] ...| 5/S. 24 14 EB. .303) 58. 23 W.| 208
E ® || Summer 304) ...)1056)....1002)...)765) ... 448) ...)693| ...)297) .... 326) ...| 251S. 81 10 E. .26 | N. 3h eae
sa J} Autumn (/391) ...| 912)...| 773).--|767) --.|521) .../768 ...|264] ...|247] ...) O|S. 67 58 E. ..23 | N. 24 Ey .d3
=a 9 Winter 188] ...| 597|---| 742|.../953) .../681) .../771) .../335) .../181) ... 24/8. 6 7 E. |.403)S. 30 W.| .23
FS [| The year? | ...] ...[ ceJees| cee [ere] ces] ere] cee] cee{ cee] eee] cee] eee] eee] oe] [8.38 23 E. | .20
| Spring Bille 3}---| 54l..-| 0} .-.| 49) -..] 6) ...] 6 --| 3] ...| 2/N. 87 23 E. |.25 12
Summer [113] ...| 36|---| 51)... 92) ...] 42) ...| 25) .../ 36) ...! 6) ...) G/N. 78 0 E. |.2 237
10. J) Antumn |L94) 22] 7bls=-|) (60) --4)0207)) Sec) Bi sel 251 ee Gi ee Al7| cecil 40) New bets cr aleAO 182
Vera Cruz. || Winter | 71) ...| 15)--.| 28)... 13] ..| 18] ...] 3] ...] 6] ...] 19] .2.] 16/N. 21 46 B.?).3%73 9
The year? | ... vee] vee | A a [hierel ees |) esl eal eee NOB SSeae EN 635
Maran, (| Winter | 20) Bl-{ [6 wa] 7] a] 8] | 15 ..| 8] ...| 84/N. 37 8 W.27-2
if Spring 148] ...| 192)...| _73]-.-] 68] ...| 62} ...| 90] ...| 26] ...| 96] ...345/N. 29 4 E. |.18}
Z 28 (| Summer CAS eal) PAT esol SICGRS) Bsa | ei) es BI) Geel) PAN) cect GIO] Gon!) oe 196\N. 53 53 EB. |.44
S| S34) Autumn | 86) ...) 171]---| 41)...] 37] ...] 34) ...] 70) ...| 7] | 43] 14. 38 19 EL |.26
a) BE Winter 55] ...] 96]---| 70).--] 38) ...) 19) ...) 11) ...| 7] «| 36] .-- 141|N. 52 39 FE. 324
5 |2* [| The year | --. fel Peele ees aoe seal esl see) aoe eet neal peal eee cee ee mS
4 4 {| Spring 64| ...| 65}---| B1]--.] 41) ...| 9} ...) 13] .--] 47] ---| 64 --|N. 24 13 E. |.40 | N. 75 W.! 27
& ay | Summer 9) eee] 22 oo Eeyrilecel |) ASI7{|} oal|| MOE aan 0| SA VO|exes!| LO) «IN. 87 25 E. |.74°).8. 50) Hee
64:26) Autumn | 50) ...| 44)-.-) 32).../ 13) ..) 5) ...) 3] ...) I) | 15 --|N. 37 36 E. |.58 | N. 23 We! 219
2 3° biwaneee SYA eA Billicool) Bis lecnl| ABI seal OV ecel! PAP eal] 33) coojh 110) IN. 57 11 BE. |.64|N. 74 E. | 02
Sg | The year? | ... ee || eee el ened [ae ts ‘ ee aap + /N. 55 52 E. |.513
= ra (| Spring 212 109 71 ...|108 33 160 345|N. 26 34 E. |.28 | N. 83 W.| .14
= | £2 |/|Summer | 78 90 13 20) ...| 10 44 196)N. 62 52 EH. |.48 |S. 843 E. | .16
= | 254) Autumn [136) ...{ 215)---| 73 50] ...| 39 Zell Toca) 58 144\N. 37 58 E. |.32 | N. 80 W.| .07
NN Winter 91) ...] 127]---| 106 67 19 34 sao|| Ll) 46 141|N. 54 5 E. |.38 |S. 85 E. | 205
oi [F*S || The year? | ...| -.| ...[--- ove 22 0 ./N. 48 25 E. |.36
os Summer 0 6 WAlesal 43.6 1 1 4 Olle 61S. 81 13 E. |.50
2 }| Autumn | 3 38 11)...| 0} ...| 0 0 42 22) ...| 45/N, 23 26 W.|.35
EE Winter 3 PA tical) IN) 0 0 25 2| ...| 13)N. 75 8 W.).39
= || all |
w os
24:56 || August 5 4 0 0 iW call © 0 0 N. 73 39 E. |.182
= Se
26 S| |
oa) .
23 | | 7
S53 +|Summer | 5 LO|e.| USI. .3)) Sil --|| Sl coe| Wll) eea| Al ceo) MO jfiene| AGIs, 98419) on eA On
3 | |
o

' Observed at Frontera, Minatitlan and San Juan Bautiste.
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 14 to 18.)
Observed as follows :—
st San Ysidro,
Pouce, Porto Rico, January and February, 1844.
St. Domingo.

Sombrero,

Antilles.

ZRORNGE US ena pAGs he

West Indies.

Up Park Camp, Jamaica.

Place and
kind of
observations.

t
t
{

14.
Up Park Camp.

winds.

Motion
of clouds.
Aggregate
of the two.

Surface

15. St. Domingo.

Surface
winds.

Motion
of clouds.

16. Porto Rico.

Aggregate
of the two.

Surface
winds.

Motion of
clouds.

|
|
|
|

17. Sombrero.

Aggregate
of the two. |

Surface
winds,

Motion of
clouds.

Aggregate
of the two.

18. Nos. 14 to 17 combined.

|

|

+s SS a -——_— a aassqgq_— a Jie

il)

alm or
variable,

| C

Oo Se

68
33

ive)

WO AO! Ie
ee
Direction of os
resultant. ug
OF
Ou
=e
[e<]
S. 88°42/ B. |.582
N. 4 35 E.|.38
N. 17 39 E. |.282
N. 2 56 BE. |.404
S. 81 27 EH. |.914
S 73 59 BE. ].51
No.3) 27 1B) 403
N. 66 47 E. |.53
N. 73 40 E. |.55
80 56-E. |.71
.|N. 73 45 E. |.69
N. 73 29 E. |.54
N. 73 48 E. |.60
N.73 0 E./.06
N. 68 54 BE. |.81
N. 85 26 E. |. 754
N. 55 57 E. }.83
N 70 18 B. |.75
N. 86 18 E. |.344
S. 84 32 bh. |.72
N. 86 23 EB. |.462
N. 80 15 E. |.484
N. 88 11 BE. |.50°
N. 75 14 B. 1.55
N. 76 2 §.|.77
N. 84 49 Bi. |.66
N. 61 47 E. ).71
N. 73 59 B67
N. 73 12 B.}.61
N. 80 32 Bi. |.58
NESS nes Giz
N. 72 42 B. |.52
N. 79 5 E. |.59
N. 79 2 E. |.48
S. 82 56 BE. |.78 |
N. 85 58 EB. |.42
N. 88 50 E. |.054
N. 89 41 E. |.43
N. 77 12 E. |.56
N. 86 19 E. |.603
N. 87 43 EB. |.624
N. 76 41 E. |.53
N. 81 53 E. |.58

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.
A | a Ee iE
Time of the 32 3a 25 go
vicar. A au 5a 8z
aloe . el Seal = len
& |A8| 2 a8] 5 |Bs| 2 [Fs
4 |45)/ 8 |as| a lait! = les
October A iS lhe
aeons \ 16 70) 11) 117} 10) 2] 2} 16
December 40) 22 2| 50) 2 0 2 6
Summer 150} 14 0 20) 76 0 0 0
September} 59 a4 0) = 2) 23 1 @ 1) O
Summer 1) 10) 125) 21) 16 0 0 0
September 0 0 0 0} O @ | @ 0
Summer 151} 24) 125) 231) 92 | O ORG
September! 59) 2) 0} 2) 23] 1) 0} 0
January Sale = 3
eee \ 128 73| 148] 89/12] 0] 2] 7
mae } 1e| 48| 46] 29] 4] 2| 0] 3
pril
January oa! ae : A
anaaey } AL op al eel a OO)
March al al a 9
Apri \ 151 45) 4ol 27/ 3! 2) ol 3
Pe } 132] 102] 17a] 132) 1s | 0] 2] 7
Menge \ ea pal Bol Gal Gl Zo) al
April
Spring GA 207A! Tint! Wat 7) BN @ |) al
Summer 8} 310) 138) 83) 9 0 0 1
Autumn 3} 196) 100) 146) 4] 1] 0} 0
Winter 4 7) 315) 38) 48) 0 au aL 3
The year! coi | BBS. He rooc Hh Peco: Mansell Neca! Nceoe supe nee
Spring: 4| 49) 38) 48) 4] 10 | 23 | 15
Summer OQ} 44) 113) 50! 6 9 7 1
Autumn 14), 49) 57) 52) 7 @ |) i |} ail
Winter 12-51) 50) 34) 6 }) 1 9 uf
The year! ooo} cca |} 00 |} 60. /} aco I! 096M! coe |! cee
Spring 66] 256] 115] 199} 11 | 18 | 23 | 26
Summer 8} 354) 251) 133) 15 9 7 2
Autumn 17| 245 157! ilfskey AEH |) Mo) ) ale) yp abi
Winter 19} 366) 88] 82) 6G |} 15 | 10 | 10
The year! B40: | ood. coded! tooa- dP Sac. alll. aod. |} dose, ods
Spring 80} 255 123) 180; 11 | 10 0 | 14
Summer 158} 324) 138) 293] 85 0 0 1
Autumn 19} 266} 111} 263] 14 3 2) 16 |
Winter 174} 130) 188} 187} 14 4 5 | 16
The year! ceo |] onc Hoes. | aan: II ccs |] 000° aco cee
Spring iS) Se ats) Bre 1) 1) |) Bs a)
Summer 1} 54) 238) 71) 22 9 Yi 1
Autumn 14) 49| 57) 52) 7 i) |) ay |) ala
Winter 16) 80) 73) 77) 12) 11 4) 7
The yearl 600 05 S00 ae eae mare oa0 ee
Spring 99} 349} 201) 255 18 | 2% | 23 | 32
Summer 159| 378) 376) 364 107 9 7 2
Autumn 33] 315) 168) 315| 21 | 12 | 17 | 27
Winter 190} 210} 261] 264 26 | 15 | 14 | 23
The year! aoe 3 oc oo | cen :

d81

Monsoon
influences

Direction.

Force,

-10

-36
OB) Ves
37

03

053

.05 f
|.08 §

07

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

532 - WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 19 to 28.) Atlantic Ocean. :
Computed from observations for an average period of nearly seven years, collected and classified,
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT fs Monsoon
Points OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place of lTime of the
resultant.

observation, year. Direction,

Ss. S. W

N. W.

N. N. W.

Calm or var

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

4|N. 77° 15/E. |.70 | n.372°W.|.
5S. 56 Ei]?
N. 474 W.|.
N. ¢W.l.
S. 303 W.|.

N. 39} E.
S. 22 BE,
N. 223 W.

Spring

19. Summer
Long. 60° Autumn
to 80° W. | | Winter
The year!
| Spring

20. Summer
Long. 55° Autumn
to 60° W. Winter
| The year!
Spring

21. Summer
Long. 50° Autumn
to 55° W. Winter
The year!
| Spring’
22. Summer
Autumn
to 50° W. Wiuter
The year!
January
February
March
April
May

23. June
Long. 45° July
to 80° W. August
September
October
November
December
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring

26. Summer
Long. 25° Autumn
to 30° W. Winter
The year!
Spring

27. | Summer
Long. 15° Autumn
to 25° W. Winter
Thre) year! |) ss-|) sce iI) was ll) eon) aun
January 3 ) 23
February 2 y | 18
March 3} «6 | 23
April 52) |) PAL
May F 3 | 16

28. June ‘ | 19
Long. 15° July | 20
to 45° W. | | August | 36
September | 81
October 2 36 103) 30
November 2/143) 50} 2'
December 60) 79) 28] 22
The year 5 315 54

eae
Opp
i wpow! omow
HooNw: owow
ooost: oSSS
eoow
| soos: soopw
WwoorH: fwoor

owon
ooo:
rRooeo:
Bosc:

H

ele
op ww!

.

oe:

rosco:

Orop! coco! coo:
BibhOw: DOoow:

conor:

7

owoo:
1 woor:

I IA A Il hh th hh

Hb
COnbHO:

SWAN WOTH PN HEWN OWNoW:
=

SCROMOP:

omcooroce:

=

aoe
har .
ANHRPUWUAMNIACCROWHO:
= =

wo i
HH NPNOHRHEPUeAGNOOOAWMOWOW:

0 bo :
TP SSSCCONNHEHOAGSOOMNHS:

~I

SCNHO: PROONNFPGNhW

=
ccoooororRrosooCcMerHSS:

HE SCD HWNHOSOSOOMWOSO:

ma
conosrtoo
=
ANA AWBROSOCO
3

=)

HoHe:
ecooo:
bobo?
oono:

Sooo: sowmonmnscocoorocoocoonne

Doe
2&7 bo ho be oeaabbe t 2
C55 et tbat bd dad ted at St bt ft ed ft bt td bt det ed dd ad dt tt

|e 8

Ipsos: ocor:
WArS: Soop:

owste
HoOoo:
Were oO:
rwmor:

pwpmo:
AZAAAAAZAZZAAZAZAAZAAA

bs
Qo.

woop
HR:
bo
=

wron:
woow!
Hoon:
Wawa:
to
be
ow
aac!
EEE reer er

tet be det bat dt ta

H

a

16

3
31
14

bo .
WADMDONWWHATH:

for <7 mocxT
a a

i

He .
ANISONONOBRNYNS:

THORWHHODNO:

WHWEWAOSCNMONWwH:
DWH AOWHOOMNDHEM:
SCWrATwWROP WRI HH:
fe et bt dt dt tt

7
5
0 6
19 126

BNAWNHEMNOCONNWN:
bo
“ A
MASONNMOSOSCOWNW:
bo

e .
WAWOMSOrRSCONONHEH:

oo

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 29 to 32.)
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Timbuctoo, in Soudan, where René Caillie experienced a prevalence of easterly winds during the

month of May, 1822.
Dongola, Kbou Heli, Qoubouchi, Assour, Ras el Gartoum, and the intervening regions in Nubia,
between the parallels of latitude 15° and 20° north, by Frederick Cailliaud, from January 11 to
June 4, 1821, and from May 1 to 17, 1822.
Massowah and vicinity in Northern Abyssinia, by Rey. H. Hunter, for 42 days in the year 1778,
and at the residence of M. W. Munzinger, in Massowah, from February to September inclusive in

74,0) IN 18 1H),

Africa and Southwestern Arabia.

LHS WO) BOS I.

033

the year 1864.

Oasis Kauar, date not preserved, by Gerhard Rohlfs.

Red Sea, by Rev. H. Hunter, between the parallels of latitude 15° and 20°, for 24 days in the
year 1778.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE of WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS Monsoon

Place of

observation,

Time of
the year.

OF THE COMPASS.

Calm or var.

Direction of
resultant,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

influences.

Direction.

latitude
15° to
20° N.

31 and 32.

| Northern
Abyssinia
and the
Red Sea.

May \
April
May
June

Spring
Summer
Winter

Spring

Summer
September
Winter

The year!

|S: 76°07! W..!.

IBS
SII AeA

Easterly.

5. 62 4 E.

Ne O neal
S. 26 34 W.}.
North.

7 29 W.)-
16 32 E.
51 E.
54 W.}).
28 HE.

(Nos. 33 and 34.)

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Arabian Sea, longitude 50° to 74° Hast.

Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 14 years, collected and classified from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT oe

POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Ro a
| is Pa
2] a5| 8
Place of Time of las _ | £ | Direction of Re 3
observation. | the year. ia] ia : |e = || resultant. |$5] §
: ; Al File lee anes. 2

s a $ «| S| Pa te ce || 2 22]:
z|4 Z| 2 | al a [il S| o> ih =e

, s | | 45) -|@ ao
A\G AIA |A vlna A\/A|o a) A
33 Spring 2) 15 5} 13) 6) 12/11) 7| 18) 17 0) S. 19213! W.| -09))|| 54
ikanent rl Summer 0} 0} OQ} 0) 0) 0), 03 6} 0) O/S. 58 38 W.| .87 | 33
Ae ty {| Autumn | 24) 22] 72| 34| 87| 8 22/16) 6 9| 5] 23/N.70 57 EB. | .38 |133
702 E Wiuter 12) 14 15] 48) 0) 3] 0} 0} 8} 12} O|N. 48 19 E. | .78| 43
UW) Phe year! |<.) ...) | Shell sa6||sa2][ 230 w-|| «-.| (NN. 7 8 W.! -02 1266
34 Spring 7] 6 2| 0} 0} 0} 3} 2 42) 35! 1/N. 66 10 W.| .63| 71
ition fica Summer 0] 7 0} 0} O| 3} 2) 2) | 13) 13) O|S. 78 32 W.| .78} 74
708 t - Autumn 22) 18} 6] 0] 7 5/6 2) 21) 2) I)N. 52 42 W.) .40] 59
74° = Winter 41} 19 8} 4 0; 2) 0} 0 10} 29; TN. 0 39 W.) .71| 48
; The year! | ...| ... Foal leo | eas| (Seal kes! [5 oe ...|N. 57 44 W.| .49 ieee
ie

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

534 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 35 and 36.) India.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—
Bombay, hourly during the years 1858 1859, and 1860, and 1866 to 1870 inclusive.
Duklum, during the years 1826 to 1830 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.
Time of : ; = 3 s
Fae a the Pear a <3] ; a ; fea] S| g 5 = |
tion, = x A PA 2 n A wa 3 a i= 2 |
Z Z z fd S| cs a B Rh ma | 5 E
|
anus 660.9, 202.6] 368 136.9] 193.7) 77.2 11.3 3 9.8 0 19.8 39.5
f ae 558.4) 180.6} 289 84.8} 168 64.3 56 18 7 12 12 23
Mareh 330.5) 151.2) 159.5 48.8} 47.3) 62.8 35.5} 14.2 10.3) 8 42 AT.7
April 194.3) 129.7 76 15 68.7| 34 45.3; 19 69.2) 73 90.2) 161.7
a May 45.3! 26 ¢ 1 OG earl 23.5| 12 96.7) 148.7) 329.3) 479.7
B June 4.2 13.3 34 25.2) 27.8) 67 159.2) 87.5) 243.4) 208.7| 627.2) 898.8 29.2
Ss July by} 4 5 #/ 20 17 66 | 54 72 106 516 | 1534 947 161 40 8
E || August TOM elo 14 Pye | ie) a 53) 27 39 i
%}|September| 54 | 37 | 46 32 | 76 | 110 | 130 | 86 85
~ October 355 | 220 496 214 | 183 | 106 100 69 69
a November| 401 | 227 | 824.5) 323 | 254 | 111.5 q 25 13
= December | 505.5) 261 668.5| 326.5! 253.5) 69 26 10 7
3 Spring 570 | 306.9} 238.5 64.8) 12 107.8] 104.3) 45.2) 176.2
a Summer 28.2) 27.3 53 54,2) 61.8] 118 278.2) 168.5} 354.4
Autumn 810 | 484 | 1366.5) 569 | 513 | 327.5) 248 | 180 167
Winter 1724.8] 644.2) 1325.5} 548.2) 615.2) 210.5 93.3) 31 23.8 3
The year | 3133 1462.4] 2983.5 1236.2)1316 | 763.8} 723.8) 424.7) 721.4 2216.5
(| January 5708 |1285.9| 2636.4, 974.9|1243.9] 572.9} 46.3) 12.8 73 0 167.5) 335.6) 1432.5) 1426.6/12620.9 q
February | 4739.8/1318.9, 2302 | 660.5/1108 | 476.1) 387 | 172.2 2.8] 99 48.4; 235 ) 1523.8) 2027.8/13651.3 |
Mareh 2538.7)1057.5| 1092 356.2) 234.9) 498.3) 248.5) 86.6) 3 62 281.4| 492.6] 2010.6] 5336 |15319.8 a
April 1276.1| 588.5} 426.8 71 | 471.9! 235 378.1] 182 934.3) 650 678 | 1493 | 3059.6) 6906.9)16221.8 |
. May 262.7) 146 31 11 | 52.4) 100 187.7| 188 | 1363.7) 1511.7) 3092.9) 4655.1) 7807.8) 6897.9] 7156.2) 1
-. | 21|/| June 29.3} 111.5] 329 | 199 "| 268 | 800 | 3986.6)2425.2) 6049.2) 3905.5 11483.3/17307.8] 7858.9] 3562
P| Ss July 27 33.2 36 | 59.4) 199.5) 177 | 1204.8) 889 | 1399.9) 2048.2 10161.8 32914.9)19094.6) 2455.4),
| & || August 117 | 56 | 107.5| 168 | 93 | 404 | 749.1) 366 | 593.2] 578.4) 5118.2)20194.8/22887.9] 3953.8
5 2 September) 351.6) 212.9 289.7) 248.2 2) 590.7 1156.8 1648.5 1111 1000.2) 137 2970.7| 8014.6)12289.9| 5787.4) 2
Salas October 2529.6)1413 | 3900.7) 1640.8)1182.1) 989.6) 1294.1) 879 574.8) 348.1] 296 §30.4] 2313.9] 3026.4
ES November| 3444.8/1633.9| 8423.2} 3049.3 2145.9] 948.5) 218 | 418 145 93.4) 16.3] 30.9} 519.4) 2068.1
< 3 December | 3972.3/1563 | 6160.7] 2854.11967 | 570.5) 196 71 38 19 79.2| 226 657.2) 1662
5 Spring 4077.5|1792 | 1549.8 438.2 759.2| 837.3} 814.3) 406.6) 2371 2223.7) 4052.3) 6640.7/12878 |19140.8)
ea Suminer 173.3) 200.7| 472.5} 426.4) 560.5)1381 | 5940.5)3680.2) 8042.3) 6532.1)26763.3/70417.5/49841.4) 9971.2
Autumn 6326 |3259.8/12614.6| 4938.3/3918.7/3094.9} 3160.6)2408 | 1720 | 1815.5) 3283 | 8875.9/15123.2/10881.9
Winter 14420.1/4167.8/11099.1) 4489.5 4318.9)1619.5} 629.3) 256 173.8] 118 295.1) 796.6] 3626.5) 5116.4):
|| Tine year |24996.9 9420.3'25735 |10292.4 9557.3) 6932.7|10544.7|6750.8/12307.1/10689.3)/34393.7 86630.7/81469.1)/45110.35
p| January 8.6) 6.2 ell Heil) (CH eet 4.2) 4.3] 7.3 0 8.3 8.3) 12.2) 10.4
| February 8.4, 7.2 7.9 7.7 6.5 7.4 6.9} .9.5) 9.0 8.3 4.0| 10.2) 12:8 11.5
- | | March 7.6 7.0 6.9} 7.2| 5.0 8.0 6.6) 6.2) 7.3} 6.8 6.6 10.2 9.8 13.9
=| | April 6.5| 4.5) 5.61 4.7| 6.8] 7.0) 8.4) 9.5) 13.5) 8.9] 7.4) 9.21 11.0) day
=| May 5.8 5.6 10.3) 11.0 5.2] 9.0 7.8) 16.5 14,0) 10.1 9.4 9.6 9.9 abies)
he June 7.2| ~ 8.6 9.6) ed) 9.5] 11.9 25.1) 27.5) 24.8 18.6 18.1 19.2) 15.5 14.4
a July 5.4) 8.2 7.2 8.4] 10.0} 10.4 18.3} 16.4) 19.4 19.3) 19.6) 21.4) 20.1 15.2
@ | | August 6.1| 5.6 7.7 7.6) 6:6) 11.8) U4). WB.5)) Wb) 14-4) 7-0) 5.7)| 8 Siac
oa 4 September 6.5 5.7 6.3 7.7 Madi\omlOea 12.7| 12.9 11.7 14.3] 12.9 13.5 13.1 10.8
= | | October itl] (83 7.8 7.6| G.4| 9.3] 12:9) 128 8.3) 12.0 8.0 7:9| 12.8| Sealed
> | | November 8.5 7.1 10.2 9.4 8.2 8.4) . 12.1) 16.7 11.5 9.3 retell 6.1 8.1 10.0
5 December 7.8 5.9 9.2! 8.7 ed 8:2 7.5 7.1 5.4 6.3 6.6) 4.5 8.4 8.8
< | | Spring 6.6) 5.7| 7.6] 7.6] 5.7] 8.0] 7.6], 10.4] 11.6), 8.6) 7.8) 9.6) 10:21
> Sumer 6.2) 7.5 8.2 S10) 927) los), elgeale Loc 19.8 14.1 18.2} 18.7 18.1 14.3
Autumn 7.3 6.4 8.1 8.2) 7.5 9.4) 12.6) 10.8 10.4; 11.9 9.6 9.1 11.0) 10:3
; Winter 8.3 6.4 8.1 7.8 6.9 6.7 6.2 7.0 7.2 4.9 7.8 7.7 11.1) 10.2
U The year (esl 6.5 8.0 7.9 Taal) ool ebieo |e ne 11.7 9.8 10.8 11.3 12.6 11.9
35(a).
} Bombay.?,
Ratio of |} Monsoon influences. ae i
Direction of result?nt o
resultant. tosum of wa
winds. Direction. Force. if }
|
Spring N. 58° 30’ W. +62 N. 66° W. 17 q
é r Summer 5. 69 42 W. 78 5S. 44 W. +62
Be ae ee | | Aatamn — |IMNGS Pecweaeeeayanl IN yo. win op ) ‘
$ ; [| Winter N. 5 15 W. | .64 N. 40 £. A9 me a
The year N. 45 23 W. 42 } 4 }
2 Dr. Buchan, in his treatise on the winds, gives the following directions of the resultants for the different months at this place, Viz. + 1.
dee N. 10° W., February N. 24° W., March N. 44° W., April N. 61° W., May N. 80° W., June 8. 63° W., July &. ca W., August
1S Ay (he ., September N. 89° W., October YN. TOP SW ier November N. 3° E., December Ne TAC AW Vis

, 9

SIRS 14° YAOI) WH, WW AAYNS WHS INO) BOS Ine 535

(No. 36.) India.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE “)
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, oa
= . 5 xs
el he Se esl =e
22 333 | Pe (33 el Direotion pe
Be, | wa BY om | kia resultant. Og
a sah . |e a ise) 6 |e WSs oe
% IAS] @ las) 5 1ES| 8 )FS Be ze
ra life | ist ets || can ete |e Wee me
(| January 20 | 26 | 105) 13 | 13 2) 46) 8 | 219 N. 75° 36/ E. 18
February 20 | 17 63] 12 1 3) 73) 14 | 221 N. 4 15 W. «05
March 9 By) "ie)) al 2 3) 156] 14 | 178 N. 78 16 W. allg)
April a en e290) 3] 6) 240) 12 | 129 N. 85 57 W. 50
May 5 | 12 12) 8 5 | 52) 242) 35 77 ib ft} 6 Vive 62
June 1 1 il) 2; 87) 241) 1 81 5S. 77 46 W. 124
July Ct) 0 0} Oo 0 | 101) 279) 0 52 5. 78 29 W. -83
August 0) 0 0} 0 0 19; 314; 0 | 126 8. 87 39 W. offil
September ONO) @ @) 1 26; 299| © /} 114) 5S. 86 30 W. 12
, October 28 | 25 63] 9 1 4| 69] 9 | 259 N. 13 30 E. 08
36. Duklum. | November ET | 28 | 187! 9 2 ih MQ) 7f |) Hal N. 80 36 E. | -46
| December 13 | 19 | 164| 46 6 1} 13) 23 | 142 N. &8 54 E. +42
Spring 21 | 27 | 120} 9 | 10 | 61) 638) 61 | 384
Summer 1 1 ill & 2 | 201) 834) 1 | 259
Autumn 40 | 53 | 250) 18 4 31) 378! 16 | 544
Winter 53 | 62 | 332) 71 | 20 6| 132) 45 | 582
Sunrise 29 | 23 | 130) 20 | 14 | 55) 357) 27 | 847
9tol0 A.M. | 40 | 57 | 368) 40 | 14 | 113| 643] 83 | 452
4 P.M. | 46 | 62 | 197) 41 | 8 | 130) 902) 51 | 304
LO ro dik — e @ | a 8} 0 0 7) 80) 11 ) 117
l) The year 115 /143 | 705,103 | 36 | 305/1982/123 |1769 SOO mmN AV ie 26

(Nos. 37 to 43.) Bay of Bengal, China Sea, and Pacific Ocean west of long. 180°.

Computed from obervations for an aggregate period of over ten years, collected and classified

from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Capt. M. F'. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. the year. | Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant
Number of days,

N. N. W.

Calm or

23°
51
61
37
46

37. Bay of (| Spring
Bengal, Summer
longitude
79° to

4

|

t

ce

no)

Autumn
Winter

85° E. Pb yeary || ee eee eel) ee) an) oe] leee|) cee| neni] ere nee

38. Bay of (| Spring } | 33) 6 3/213)108
Bengal, | Summer 343,117

longitude Autumn ° d j 131) 46
85° to

90° EB.

Winter 2.45 )2: les} 36) 2

oy sree! |} acal|” ccall aos) coal!” Sach Veaell: eall coal)! cecil ices) cook one

39. Bay of (| Spring { | 3) 79| 2:
Bengal, | Summer | 4) 80)
longitude Autumn | dbl Sta) 110)
90° to Winter 5 12)

98° E. Wine EL | call tall! Stell) cos] coal “cool! ceall deat cod) oo0|!) ca

40. China Spring a j | | 6

Sea, Summer } | 68,136 93

longitude Autumn | | 22 11

106° to Winter 2 9 0

115° E. The year!

|
a 4 ace ea nl del asl Gl dal al IGN
f
|
4
|
L
if
|
1
f

Sea, Summer | 16 14) 6 91
longitude 4 | Autumn 2 | | 36
115° to | | Winter | |
120° The year!
42. Pacific (| Spring
Ocean, Summer
longitude Autumn
120° to Winter
130° E. The year!
43. Pacific (| Spring
Ocean, Summer
longitude Autumn
130° to Winter
150° E The year!

Ona:

ownmw: wHrw: oono:

wowr:
cooper:

P ai :
7 opphby:

5 DO HESS ;
1 WPORS!: NOMR: S&

= CTC ROSE TGsiaies a aie anO

Dt oma938cwW! SOOM:

P wRrwo:
2 aOorn:

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

536 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
Addendum to Zone No. 15. i
Observations on the Indian Ocean, calculated by the Meteorological Institute of the Nether-
lands, under Captain Cornelissen’s direction. Given in percentage of the entire number of
observations.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

S. E.o S.W.or) N.W.or| Calm
East. | betw’n| South.| betw’n| West. | betw’n| or va-
S.&E S.& W. N.& W.| riable.

Spring sos ae ae 56

38(a). Summer
Between 80°-90° E. Autumn
Winter
Spring

39(a). Summer
Between 90°-100° E. | Autumn
Winter

EPH OWWr

ZONE No. 16.

LatitupE 10° to 15° Norta.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at over
22 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 46 years 1 month; and at sea
for 26 years 5 months. ‘The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. ae ee Aggregate length of time.
Pacific Ocean, Saas 3254 days —8 years 10 months.
America, 5 3 years 3 months.
West Indies, 2 7 years 2 months.
Atlantic Ocean, soo nearly 7 years.

Cape Verde Islands, 1 1 year 5 months.
Africa, u 7 years 4 months.
Red and Arabian Seas, D000 over 2 years.
Asia, 5 20 years 5 months.
Bay of Bengal, sens nearly 4 years 6 months
China Sea, Sbeae6 over 4 years.
Gulf of Siam, chest 34 days.
Islands of the Pacific, 2 6 years 6 months.
(Nos. 1 to 5.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 2706 days, collected and classified, from
the logs of the different sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Captain M. F, Maury, Superintendent.

SERIES B. ZONE 16. LAT. 10° TO 15° N. d87

(Nos. 1 to 5.) SEMEEG Dee eee

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
Points OF THE COMPASS.

Time of
the year.

Direction of |
resultant,

Place of

observation. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Calm or var.

Pee inas
145° to

165° W.

L
me ciiade ;
125° to
145° W
{
|
|
if
l
{
|
4
|
L

oe
Longitude
115° to
125° W.

4.
Longitude
105° to
115° W.

Dy
Longitude
85° to
105° W.

Spring
| Summer
| Autumn
| Winter
| The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
| The yearl
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year!

(ve)

wWowa: Wore
onoo

mwwso:

: Opstc: hoo:

9 an “ P
PR RRR: ~Tow-~Th?

4 5 SS) ‘
TOONWNW! Omw Bp:

i

bo
—
Rone

wuonoco

aQrom:
i ,
(ey

AAU AAAAAAAAZAAAAAAAAAAAZAA
> wwe ~ i o> >

bHorow: BaATOSO: «
Lu
aBOna:

3
mi wooo:

S [= ae
> oOo:

. 53° 36/ BE.
35 14 E.

22
0
21
5
55
41
11
3
19
36
35
25
3 41
51
19
39
48
44
7
55
7
24

te) Ed hE bh bat ed Et dd dt ed Ea bd Ut

ANNA MMM was momo

Ann

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 6.) City of Guatemala.
Observed by Antonia Canudas, during the year 1859.

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS PROM THE
DifFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction
of resultant.

Time of

the year. Direction.

variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

tween N. & E.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

SW. or be-
tween 8. & W.

S. E. or be-
tween S.

- 68° 36/ W. 8. 43° W. |
32 13 E. : N. 84 W.
45 32 E. 6 N.55 &.
40 42 BE. N. 433 EB.
38 45 H.

=
iso)
wie

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

, WO ee
2 ie
+ wih re bo
AA AA

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 7 to 12.) New Granada and Venezuela (northern parts of each).

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Cartagena, New Granada, by Captain John Parsons, on board the ship Scorpion, from April 23
to June 11, 1854 inclusive, and published in No. 1 of the UNGestonoNO CEL Papers of the London
Board ‘of Trade.

Caraccas, Venezuela, by A. Avellado, during the year 1868.

Colonia Tovar, Venezuela, by Augustus Fendler, in the months of June, August, September and
October, 1856. It seems probable that the record embraces only the exceptional surface winds, the
predominant ones from easterly and northerly points being generally omitted. The record of the
motion of the clouds is more complete.

Porto Cabello, Venezuela, by Mr. Litchfield, from June, 1843, to February, 1844, inclusive.

68 May, 1875.

agai
ra

Place and Time of the)
kind of
observations,

538 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 7 to 12.) New Granada and Venezuela.— Continued. ;

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Monsoon
Pornts OF THE COMPASS, a influences.

Direction of

year. resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

Calm or var.
Number of days.

7.

Partagons: { Summer ‘ 2) 10] Salad | al | 0} 0 3| 11|N. 43 32

Pot to
Cabello.

9. Colonia

To

(motion

a}
seston |
i]
i

1

Caraceas
(surface
winds. )

aa
(motion

var

0.

of abe

12. Northern Venezuela.!

carta.

Motion

of the two. of clouds.

Aggregate

winds.

r| Spring s| 5| 20] 3] 6 | o| 1] 9] 3] 9) 5) 15] 15] 21/N. 10°29 Ww...

f Summer 8} 0/292) 2/366 | | 62) ; 2)N. 88 49
Autumn 90 2 24: \16 \1é 0) 10;S. 81 22
Wiuter Z ) 268) 0 - |} 0 laa 0; 10 64 20

47 13
51 21

Summer
Autumn

wh mn

16 42
65 40
50 12
49 44
52 40

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

nat ch cA

Summer seal! {8)) cca) I) cates BI ees 31] eee | (| fees ace @ee]|| e=ni| emiOlk

Winter ( 608) 10°
AM eKs pee 4 31] eae le Gaal cecil) cool) copc|| casi) coal soa] sll cool] cosll) cocll! coal] asl! seal!) esol} oocl[fss MD.

Summer

Summer |104 | 2589 24390) 9/135 33] Ol 7 . 77 35 E.
Autumn /105 310; 31/26 5/15 i 38 | ( 0\S. 20 E,
oY :)-) al ete fee cre (see) tame lees [ier ieee ec colt cal liooelf ecer||! Bll actall ceall’scec|lSia WB) TL24. 15h

f

L
Summer 8} 294) 2516) 24/2 2 32) 7 5 |} 218. 81
Autumn 305] 2/282) 217 3 ais | 2 | 10)8. 64

)

!

|

\

eal
°
~
a
S
a
os
al
a
D
0) E
rH
en
3
aa
:
be
tl

|

Place and Time of the |
kind of year. |
observations. |

ine | | | “ : . al ee oie
kind of year. 3 A 4 ‘ | + nl iss ; =alleneey lbs lee 5 sultant. Direction. .
j i | vi] | af ; A [A
( Motion | October : 9| ; | ; F 9,

|

Surface
winds.

[sin of { | September
clouds. October

15.
Barbadoes,
1853-9.

winds. (| February

! Porto Cabello, Caraceas and Colonia Tovar combined. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seagons.

(Nos. 13 to 15.) West Indies. 7
Observed at the following places, viz.:—
Barbadoes, by Mr. Dawson, from May, 1841, to January, 1842, inclusive; also another series for
a period of six years, 1853 to 1859. Bs ;
Port of Spain, Trinidad, by Geological Surveyors, for October, 1856, to February, ‘at j
inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant

variable.
to sum of winds.

Calm or

Ss. W
Ratio of resultant

Winter
January

AA

May
Summer
Autumn
Winter

ek
owoo wna
Aw nth

The year!

oO 3
Coy
wm

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year

wm

( Spring
4
|
|

NONSOO #
AANAM t

0
1
0
0
1

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

! SERIES B. ZONE 16. LAT. 10° TO 15° N. 539

(Nos. 16 to 24.) Atlantic Ocean.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of nearly seven years, collected and classified,
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE SRE NT.

NDS EEO DIFFERENT Points OF THE Ge | Monsoon ;
pe [eo RRL aE |
eS aS | CG
Place of Time of i e = Direction of on <
observation. | the year. ee A a | gd (ene E a ; E 2/6 resultant. oe | Direction, ; 5
FE Ge Vell ela\ele = Be
a A |Al|A/Al|alalalalale ele lalalo [<i g Zz

| Spring 2 6{ 1721 87| 61 26) 18’ 3] 4| of 2] 2] 3i 2| 5: 3l 3. e4eaex 3° W.|
A, | Sprin 2| 5) N. 64°36’ E. | 80 |S. 43° w.|.01 | 133
fongiate | Sune Q} 2) 45] 10] 11) 6] 1 0} | o| | of 0} 0 o| O| ON. 59 46 zB. | -91|N. Sen a 13 | 25
Beto 4 | Autumn | 5) 3) 33) 24| 31) 7] 7 7 3] 0} 0} 0] 2| o| 3) 0] 6.73 54 B. | 69/8. 254 w.|.16| 44
poe w. || Winter | §| 2) 70] 42) 82) 17] 6 0 2 0 0} ol o oO 2 Of JN. 61 45 B | 84] N. 10} E. |05| 66
Uj Phe jeart | s2) sual cee | see] se] ose] ose] cea] cue] eee] coe] ceefeee] ee] cee] cn] we |IN. 64 27 EL] 81) | -- | 268
v7. {Spring 7) 16) 273/111) 62) 12} 11) 0] 0] 1| 0! oj ol of o| 1! 3in.57 17 B. | .91|N. 732 B. |.074| 166
Fengitnds || Summer | 3) 2 167] 47] 15) 6] 8 2! o| o| 3) 0/0] of o| 0 B/N. 55 17 E.| 90|N. 43: @. |.06 | 85
Geego 1 | Autumn | 1 10) 75] 31] 6) 12 8) 8] 5] 0, 4| 0] 0| 0] 1] 1| SIN. 64 28 EL | .71 |S. 173 W.|.18 | 56
prey.) || Winter 6| 26] 159] 25] 19) 7] 4) 1! of o| o| of 3| 2] 3] 4) oln.49 9 © |-.86|N. 29! w.le13 | 86
MUS ea ee el Me ele ose al ciale | elic| a Wecloal| aecll a] col NC 55 50H, | 84/0... | a» | 893
January | 0) 23| 57) 16) 14| 5| 31 1| o| 0 o| of 0 o| o| O| 11N.55 on. |-87|N. St w..l1| 41
February | 3] 18] 127] 35| 15| 11] 1; 0} ai o| o! o| 2! o| 2! 2] ln. 53 19 B.| 90/N. ofp, |.14| 72
March 6| 14| 167] 69] 40| 23| 5/ o| 1| of of i/o] of 3| 21 slniss 14] 87/N 30 E. |.06 | 111
| April Bi 7| i5al 63] 41] | 14] o| 3] 1) 1] 1) 2] 9] 1] 2] 3[n.59 59 w | 83] WN, 734 E. |.01 | 102
aa “May 0] 2) 125] 66] 47) 7] 10) 3/ 0} 0] 1] oj 1] o| 4] 0] oN. 63 8 E.|.89|8. 834. |.08| 88
Be iade | | June 2) 1} 106] 30] 9} 0} 1] 0} 0] 0] 0} 0] O| of Oo} 0} ofN.51 50 E.|.96|N. 14) B. |.17 | 50
45° to July 1) 0) 68) 13) 9) 4) 4) 0} 0) 0 2) 0) O} Oo} 0) O 1/N. 46 49 B. | 89) N. 152 W.|.20 | 34
cosas August 0} 3] 39] 14] 8] 8] 4) 2] oO} oO} Oo} of o| o| 0] 0| 1/nN. 65 14 B, | .8515. 483 5, 1.08 | 26
* || September] 2/- 4| 20] 7 18] 3] 7| 9| 4] 0) 0o| o| 2] o| 3] 0] vIn 82 29 B | 551s, 95° w.l.38| 29
October | 4! 4| 26] 27/14) 6] 8] 4| al of 4] oj of of 1| O| 2ln. 73 52 8. |.67/8. 152 W.21| 35
November| 0] 5] 62) 21/ 5! 10; 0] 2) o| 0| 0] oj 0} o| 0] 0| Qin. 57 37 B | .89|N. 2928. |.08 | 36
Deceinber| 9| 5| 45] 16] 22] 5] 5] 0| 1] o| 0] o| 2| 2] 4, 2| oN. 54 38 B. | .74|N. 803 W.|.11| 39
The year | 30] 86| 995|377/242| 93] 63| 2i/ 14) 1| 7 2) 8| 4/ 14) 8] 20[N. 59 55 B.|.82| ....5.. | .. | 663
19, {| Sprit 1} 30| 202| 50) 29] 9] 3] 0] o| o| 0} of oO} o| 0} 0} olN. 52 21 B.|.94|N. 35 E. |.18 | 108
Longitude | Simmer 10 9] 128) 62) 28] 8] 13) 3] 13) 3) 16| 5| 7] 2] 9| 7 12|N. 58 0 B. |.57| 8. 512 w.|.20 | 112
Hee Aptumn | 13) 7| 116) 37) 48] 12] 16] 5) 3] 3] 2| 1)/ &| 3) 2} 2] 3/N. 62 15 u. | .70|S. 122 w.J.11 | 94
& inter 4) 6] -89| 18] 20, 0] 7 o| of 1| of of Oo] of 0} O| 1/N. 55 292 B.|.88/N. 4485. |.11| 49
* U| Whe year! | ...| ... seal| “scolt obllccol| eeol| axell! waoll-accll -coullacalt czalleoall” ceell resell Ny BIG SH me || cau Ill mene ce des 1 EB
o,f Sbring 0} 2| 44] 15| 20] 2| 1) o| of 0} Oo} of o| o| o| O| on. c2 93 E,|.92|N. 49 B.|.23| 28
Longitude | Summer 9 12 TO 2 Sw Gl By BB 3} 7] 4/10) 2) 4 1} 13]N. 56 24 B. | .57/N. SO W.|.18 74
see Autumn | 3/ 23) 58) 30] 53) 10) 19| 11/ 7] 4) 13) 13] 9| 4) 7] 3) 15|N. 74 21 B.|.39|S. 56 W.|.83 | 94
igeyy. || Winter a) g] 21) 11! 8] 7] 3! o| oO} of of o| 0] Oo] 0] O oN. 67 7B. /|.81|N. 76 E. |.09 | 26
ey U) Dhe year! || -.-| ...] -.. | -.- eal ies seal] ool] a30|| “cce|[aco|}ccs|] soolt coal] oxoffiNle GS HB 125 | ctl |) coscancae. |} co0 |} PANG
oy. {| Spring 6] 1) 52) 58) 37| 3| 0) oO] o| of 0] oO} o| o| O| 2/N 63 37 E.|.91|N. 40 E. |.23| 53
Longitude | | Summer | 5] 56] 53] 61) 10) 13] 5| 5] 3] 9] 6] 7| G| 2! 6] 15/N.72 OB.|.55/S. 672 WI.16 | 90
Beto {| Autumn | 6] 10) 29) 44) 82) 19| 12) 5| 9) 13] 12| 3i11] 1] 5/ 1] YN. 87 26 E.|.53|/S. 85 W.|.25| 90
eo |, Winter 2| 12] 26) 31]/ 38] 10) 1] 0] o} 0} | oj} 0] Oo} oj} © IN. 68 13 & |.87|N.56 E. |.16] 40
© {Ly Tne s7eegH! |] ccb|)” cool)! pa |! geet} ccoll teal! “ooa!| “cool! ‘oea|] aeel| coool) caslloos!| ce4|) Seolle cool! cel NG Val OUR CAT | Sesetoes || ceo |} PG}
oe. {| Spring 12} 12) 46/58) 51) 4] 0] 0] of o| | 0] Oo 0} 0] © 1/N.62 19 B.|.89/N.41 B.|.22] 2
Longitude | Summer 36| 34) 115/110] 69) 19) 12) 5] 25) 17] 34) 11] 9) 4] 13) 12) 49)N. 61 21 B | .45 |S. 823 W.|.25 | 191
ae | ae 8] 33] 61| 73) 73| 331 10] 9] 11] %17| 6] 4| 2| 1) 3] 14|N. 75 32 B.|.63/S. 184 W.|-10 | 115
Soe w. || Winter 4) g| 58] 58] 68] 22) 9/ 3] 1] 1] 0] o| Oo] o| 1) 0] 3/N. 73 49 B |.85/S. S2tB./.17| 79
a NMaT Py cer lh een ieee eee feel sees ep re ete ll | Sel asline G8 83H |L60l eileen see || 418
bs, . {| Spring 11) 66) 67] 37] 5] 4| 0} 1] 0 Oo} 0) 2] 0} 7 1) 6) O|N. 36 31 EB. | .84/N. 39} E.|.28| 66
Longitude || Summer | 31/126) 52) 48 14| 26) 4) 33] 15] 7'7| 81] 39] 5] 34] 17| 68) 64)N. 10 19 EB. | .18/S. 46 W.|.40 | 228
Ie tp 4 | Autumn | 24/130] 55) 75) 25) 17] 6] 20] 10] 20] 7] 19| 3] 18). 3| 25) 47|N. 40 53 E. | 44) S. 16} W.|.13 | 504
25° yw, | Winter 7/105) 58) 41) 6) 14) ©} 1) of Oo} O} oO} 0] 14) oO} 4] 7.N.°87 10 B. | .77| N. 42) B. |.22 | 86
© [LD Spee || cool) esi) coo, |] Geol) "ane]|. co aball decal seeell adit 56s] lscelt ace | Meset| Goel | hecey FIN gms aye SY oi Dial roe onl fleceeenees «. | 884
January | 5| 41] 72] 58] 32} 14; 2) of of o| 0] o/ Oo} 4] o| 1) 2N. 55 30 B.|.85|N. 50} EB. |-20| 77
February | 5| 47| 88) 48] 47| 15} 3] 1! o| o 0! 0} 9, 1| 3] 3N. 54 41 B./.81/N. 45 E.|.15 | $0
March 9| 36| 122) 79| 45| 11] 1| 1] o| o| o| 1] 0) 1] o} 2 ON. 55 51 B. | .89| N. 523 E. |.24 | 103
April 5| 38] 137] 79] 60] 10] 2| o| o| o| o| 1/0} 4] o| 1] Qin. 56 44 E. | .88| N. 562 E. |.23 | 113
PE May 16] 37| 142) 60] 37) 1/ 1] o| Oo] oO} oO} oj oO] 2] 1] 3] O|N. 49 14 B. | .90] N. 291 §. |.26 | 100
Longitude | | 320 21] 48) 126 138| 62| 20] 4) 3] 7 2] 1| 3] 1] 10] 8) 14| 13/N.55 0 E.|.75|N. 412 E. |.09 | 160
oi, 4 | July 17| 64] 155) 91| 88] 25] 17/ 13] 9] 30] 33] 19/12] 17| 13] 24] 6G2'N. 57 2 B. | 42/8. 584 W.|.24 | 228
45° W August | 55) 74| 149) 71) 60) 26] 26) 33) 44) 71) 63) 43/25) 21) 24) 56/ 78 N. 49 18 H. | .17|S. 46 W.).49 | 306
| September| 31| 67| 97) 52| 43| 26] 15] 14] 26| 30] 39| 29]23] 21| 13| 24) 44.N. 46 6 E. | .23 |S. 62} W.|.42 | 198
October | 16] 68) 103) 72] 87) 36] 27) 30| 7 13) 9) 9/9! 7 4) 9} 27)N. 69 20 HB. | 55/8. 13 W.).17 | 178
November| 7] 69| 119 135/151| 29] 21) 6| 7 3] 3| -4| 31 o| 1] 1] 15'N. G8 54 BH. |.78|S. 663 E. |.19 | 191
December | 9] 51/ 92! 53| G1| 24| 15/ 3] 1]/ 2/ | 0] 0} 1] a] O| 4/N. 61 33 B.|.78]N. 84 E. |.13 | 106
| The year |196/640/1402 936,768 237|134|104 101/151 148 109/73] 97] 66 188|251 N.57 25 B. | 66 |... w. |1850

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

540) WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 24(a).) Cape Verde Islands. 1865 and 1866, 17 months.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences,

Direction of |
resultant.

Place of | Time of the
observation.

or be-

Direction.

or be-
tween S.& W.

to sum of winds.

variable

N. E. or be-
tween N.& E. |

S. E. or be-

tween S. & E.

Ss. W.

West.

N. W.

tween N.& W.
“Calm or

Ratio of resultant

So | Fast.

Jauuary
February
March
April

ol

i=)

May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

| The year

24(@).
Port Praya.

DOr OoOUNMmMWNoOO

> TL° 55° B
Bey (sy be
48 E.
39 E. |
.22 36 E.

i

WHATMHOHPNWREWRHOOHE
RFPOorcocoorcocoeooo
rFooroccoorooosco
Hooreosccoorooocooo
CENWWOHOHRPONHONHS

Wmwow

=
bo

(No. 24(6).) Soudan. By Gerhard Roblfs.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of
observation, the year.

. E. or be-
tween 8, & E,
variable,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
tween S. & W,
N, W, or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

| S. W. or be-

| East.
Ss

S. 50°23/ W.

26 - 73 34 E.
December | 12 | 26 -19 36 FE.

Se |
ss

August

(No. 25.) District of Senaar, Southern Nubia.

Observed by Frederic Cailliand, from June 5, to December 21, 1821, and from February 19 to
28, 1822. All the observations were made at the city of Senaar, except during the first seven days,
when they were made within a distance of 60 miles north of the city, and during twenty days of
December and eight of February, when they were made at different points extending as far south as
the southern limits of the district.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of
the year.

Direction of
resultant.

to sum of winds.

W. or be-
tween S. & W.
. W, or be-
tween N.& W.

variable.

Ratio of resultant

S. E. or be-
tween 8. & EB.
Calm or
Number of days.

N. E. or be
tween N.& E.

| West.
N

Kebruary
June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Summer
Autumn
Winter

=
lors ws)

North.
North.
S. 9721) W.
Seta dt Ws
N. 0 48 W.

bo

SCWRrRSCONHFRE DSO

H
SrFoocoorFwwweo

SConzsaooownwHo
RPWWOOWOR HH eS

SERIES B. ZONE 16. LAT. 10° TO 15° N 541

(Nos. 26 to 29.) Abyssinia and Southern Arabia.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Abgoulaui, Kilgou, Sinque and the intervening regions in western Abyssinia, by Frederic Cailliand,
from December 22, 1821, to February 18, 1822.

Aden, Arabia, from june to December inclusive in the year 1846.

Adouah and vicinity, Abyssinia, by Lefebore, in July, 1839, June to September inclusive, 1841,
and June to October inclusive, 1842, making in the aggregate a period of 217 days; also by Rev.
H. Hunter, for an aggregate period of 24 days in the years 1777 and 1778.

Antalo, Atsala and sundry other places in Eastern Abyssinia, between latitudes 10° and 14°
north, by Hunter, in 1777 and 1778, and by Lefebore, 1839 to 1842 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. ea ;
£S| &
Place of A FA i se e| 2
i ¥ ae (1) . 7 q ow Cm
abeesolon. ees 3° ra ee Za] 2) Enos ES| s
mie Bia || _ || Se om | ya of) &
2)ee| = lad| 2 lee] ¢ les | ae 22)
BBE] BES | Beet Bice hee HS | 2
Z|\4e| A as] alms! Flee }oO ee ||
. Western Abyssinia. Winter 71 0 1 0 6 0 0 4 | 30 | N. 1°25/ W.? |.63 | 59
Spring 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 2) Due East. 27? | 08 | 5
27. Adouah and viinty.| Summer 43 | 29 | 13 |118 | 88 |136 | 45 |354 4) N.80 9 W. |.334)/176 §
Autumn 41 | il 8 | 28 | 27 | 30 | 14 | 98 6 | N. 54 1 We? |332") 91
{| Spring 1 Wy al QO} 4) 2) 4) 8] Meee i a |
cna | | Summer 1 il 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 | orth.??? -48 t
peer byes eAmtima Wet)|0))| 2 (oo) 0) 4|. 00 | N45 Orr |.35 | 4 |
; o i | | Winter 0/2) 3) 4) 0) 0} 2) 0} 3) Si 74 56m 2? |°39 | 14
7, Ly) Sine: see |] sao [voce || sce Tf coo |) coo [ll 255 {I cos |] cee |} ne |] Ble BBs GO aie eA | ip |
(| June ij) ©} Bi] a} Biyxel 7] a aes ... | 30 |
July 0 1 0 0 3 | 14 | 12 i 31
August Ly} O} ©] OF Sy} By 31 |
[| September} 1] @/|-2/ 0] 1] 20| 6] 0 30 |
29. Aden. 4 | October LU) uw | 2 oO} Ay a} o 31 |
November} 1 | 11 | 15 2 1 0; 0 0 co co, || BXt)
December | 0 1 | 26 3 0 0 0 0 5. .91 | 31
Summer 2) 1 i a 8B) Bd) 22 |) B 5. -78 | 92
Autumn Bu eZ om lezen en |e |e eee nO Ss. .252) 91

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 30 to 32.) Red Sea and Arabian Sea, Longitude 40° to 75° Hast.
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of over two years, collected and classified
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS
OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of | Time of the
observa- year.
tion.

to sum of winds.

Number of days.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

~ Calm or

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

' OWS

i OOS! OOAT~T
AZAARANAAH MAnnM
Sess

30. Red Sea
Aden, long
40° to 50° E.

Spring | 48
Summer i fe
Autumn | | 62
Winter 36
The year! | ...| ...) ---
Spring 15
Summer 1
Autumn 48
Winter 4! 34
The year! | ...| ...| ...

31.

50° to
60° EH.

\39
\33
55
6/10

32.

Sie
0.0

Ow
orm

.
3
sl
=
to}
=
3
2
us)
5
a=!

34
ZI
fo}
oA
@o
s
2

=
S
4

: ooow! wonso !
Wo: =

PORTN! ooHH

shadanerg

; ew

1 Compnted from the resultants for the seasons.

542 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 33 to 37.) India.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Dodabetta, during the years 1851 to 1855 inclusive.
Madras, during the years 1838 to 1843 and 1847 to 1850, both inclusive.
Passumlie, 2 years 10 months. See Bombay Transactions, vol. vi.
Seringapatam, during the year 1816, by Searmar, who classified all the winds as N. H., S. W. or
‘variable.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. “a influences. ,
a] ; : oe Bs
A ic a= = ei 3
Place of |Time of the 23 os a 52 g | Direction of | 35 %
observation, year. a aw Ra ae nim resultant. | <¢ | Direction. i
: |° ° = alee os os 2 o
a |. ‘ “= (lies SEI) 2S >a 3 Om o ia
(AS) @ las] 5 /ES| & Es| ee Bo Ses
OFS lh GS Sas) 8 SiS eis eS EES A 3
Z\25| A lat] va lis] Fazio es | &
=—_- — |—_—— —_| —__ | | ——
a z \ |
Spring 208 UI case || es || ee 71 2 Ss. W 56
Bos | Summer ies AL eee eee ae 91 0 S. W 98 |
Seringapa- Autumn ere ciab cca: |} eae | oan 47 1 5. W 04
tam. Winter neh GPA oe ll) ase ||. Gee 1 0 N. E 98
Theyean) |/Fe=-11|el 40) ewe |leeas ll erent eels 3 5. W 20 |

Spring 7| 24) 38) 16) 2

Summer 8 3] 2 1 0 2} 16} 60
Autumn 15} 15; 18) 14 4

Winter 10} 18) 26) 26 8 1 0) 1
The year 40] 60) 84 57) 14) 7 22) 81) ...
Spring 20| 61) 81) 765) 419) 336) 86) 45) 38
Summer 19) 18) 39) 265) 254) 603) 424) 217] 37)
Autumn 202) 423) 140) 270} 144) 230) 142) 174) 113)
Winter 198) 809; 351! 240| 68] 40) 10) 64) 57
The year | 439)1311| 611/1540] 885)1209; 662) 500, 245
Spring o| 64 2) 15
Summer 0 0 0 1
Autumn 20| 16 2 2
Winter 19) 48) 10 4 i
The year 39| 68} 14) 22

79° 4/ KE. |.69

34 & 35.
Dodabetta.

oo
=
Mia tam
for)
ee)
we
no
ica}

36.
Madras,
1837-43.

bi on
Roe
pe
oH
bo
La
wo
oo

37.
Madras,
1847-50

i)
i=)

—i—s—s
DAAZNNMAANHAN ADA
o
ie)

oo
w
ES
wanm

ee ny

lor}
—
o
w
4p gghephaneens
co
bo

(Nos. 38 to 48.) Bay of Bengal, Gulf of Siam, China Sea and Pacific Ocean.
West of Longitude 180°, viz. :—
Bay of Bengal, at sea, for an aggregate period of nearly 44 years.
China Sea, for an aggregate period of over 4 years.
Gulf of Siam, for an aggregate period of 34 days.
Pacific Ocean, for an aggregate period of 14 years.
Port Blair, Andaman Islands, during the years 1868 and 1869.
St. Anna, Island of Luzon, from February, 1859, to September, 1863.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE CoMPASS.

Place of Time of

: Direction
observation, | the year.

of resultant.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.
Number of days.

~ Calm or

a

Spring 9) 29 31) 27
Summer : 41| 62
Autumn | 32| 63
Winter 3 12) 22
The year? | ...| oe) ves pccayh Des ||eeaa|) -oso|lneasll Sogal) coctemas
Spring i 49) 53,116) ;
Summer | 0 | | 6) 62,201

Bengal, 4} Autumn | 38) 5: qe 21| 36) 61/146)

long. 85° Winter : 282/12 i | 18] 14| 13] 15}

21°14’ W.! .13
51 42 W.| .71
47 33 W.| .46
. 73 11 E. | .25
41 28 W.! 227
Ie H om
47 31 W., .89
46 30 W.| .14
. 50 16 E. | .66
25 3 W.| .14

: aoa
+ WOH

PADD IAL

to 90° E.! || The year?) ... Bee feet eal fll bate il | |
u |

1 From observations collected and classified from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States
Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent. .
2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 40 to 48.)

Place of ob-
servation.

Time of the
year.

SERIES B.

Bey) ae Benen ea — Conlinued.

ZONE 16.

eA.

OM

TO

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

THE COMPASS,

N. W.

Calm or

variable.

15°

Direction
of resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

543

Monsoon

influences,

Direction.

Number of days.

41.
Port
Blair.

oa of

Siam,
long. 100°
to 105° Bi.!

ae. ‘Sea,
long. 106°
to 110° Ht

to 115° E.!

|
|
Fp |
:
|

to 120° EH.)

St. Anna

Eiilic
Ocean,
long. 120°
t0 130° E.!

48.
Pacific
Ocean,

long. 130°
to 150° hu}

; a +
| Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Wiuter
The year

Summer
Autumn
Winter

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

“TOOWSSSTSCSOSCSCOCOOGEH:

PTH Ow:

OREO BR DHEHOnONMHENDH

(S15

G65 so

20
11
|103

8)117

6
1
144

a

pany

F a :
DP NPRONNROSCONWE-IDW A!

I a A a

POPPIN SOWOOWRAGWREHEO:

5
Ss DOHMMWNAWSOSCOMBADUH:

pa

uw

Heh:
Nao

o

leat ot
Hopp:

oorrw

=
wat oi

LOomamooaoHrpHwnwHons:

ry
ore

“Imnctoooncocococo:

ho:
wt

: a
» eos

a
HS

PON PHOS:

wm |S.
ee =

POmMBWOHHBwWHOS

: RCo
So: wwAtco:

BDEWORE EWN e pL

=}

lool tt

ev)

H
TW Sb

PAMONAYH HENNE OHPWHNwWH:

poo

bo

WOH! aro

: He:
HoT:

AMNAENMNSOORMOH wip:

oopa:

OOM:

s brow:

as
oK

a onl ins

ooo: =: 3s =f

> poco:

ZAAZPAAZAAPARAN HA min any

AANNAAAuNAnNannM

- 58°30" W.| .2¢

- 46
- 47 34 i.
. 32 39 E.
- 25

75 0 E.
45 18
27 56
47 28 E.
15 33 E.

. 49 52 W.??).
67 32 E.2?).1
7 E.2?).

87
43
22
48
17
86
24
52
54
83
68
59
66
55
. 80

feed bet bd ed at bd bd tt

44 W.|.

PERSE Eadeesgde

45 W.! .S

W.|.S
W..|.

wopyZ wznon znme

22,
,| .89
Als
86
409
| 57
th
“65
33
38
132
Al

91
97
36
65
289
101
30
14
114
259

1 From observations collected and classified from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at
under the direction of Capt. M. F. Ene Superintendent.

the

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

United States Naval Observatory,

Place of Time of the 3
observation. year. : |

544 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Addendum to Zone No. 16.
(24(b).) Observations at Gorée, Cape Verde, by Dr. Borius, 1856-65. In days.

Total number

Time of the
year. North. .E. East. .E. Ss. W. Dea,
observations.

4610
4610
4605
4510
17335

Spring otal
Summer 11
Autumn 21
Winter 20
The year 83

aAOoMob

oo

(49.) Observations on the Indian Ocean, calculated at the Meteorological Institute of the
Netherlands, under Capt. Corneilissen’s direction.

Time of the Between Between Between Between
year. N. and E. | E.andS. | S.and W. | W. and N.

Spring | 15 26 33
Summer | 1 8 76
Autumn | 27 19 37
Winter | 71 15
Spring 9
Summer 7
Autumn 14 37
Winter 6 2

Between 80° and 90° E.

Between 90° and 100° E. .

ee ne ore

ZONE No. 17.

LATITUDE 5° To 10° Norta.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
over 16 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 27 years; at sea for over

40 years 6 months. ‘The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. Boer Aggregate length of time.
Pacific Ocean, Rasa 4221 days — 11 years 6 months.
America, 11 13 years 9 months.

Atlantie Ocean, aS over 9 years.

Africa, 3 5 years 3 months.

Indian Ocean, Scan over 16 years.

Ceylon, 3 8 years.

China Sea, eo oe 4 years.

(Nos. 1 to 10.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

Computed from observations for an aggregate period of 3985 days, collected and classified from
the logs of different sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent, as follows, viz. :—

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS

ee | Direction of

| | resultant, Direction.

a| A) 2) nw} a

z|2| a i] a
| |

to sum of winds,

variable,
Ratio of resultant

‘WwW. N. W.

1

Long. 145° {4 Autumn 27/395 246 443,187 437|190 249
to 165°

9

Z

Long. 130° ;
to 145° W. Winter 6} 2 8 | 45) 11)

(| Spring | 7| 161280131 83) 30| 37
9

A

. 64° 38/ E.
- 75
74
85
81
- 63
59
34
88
76

us
Nr
rags

ior)
=)

14) 8)

=

| | Summer 6| 43 22 2

0) St 0
eH Seep

o
ror)

W.| Winter 13,163 133 123 70 34 15
|| The year! } ... Seprccel)) ose) 2e5|)) oesyp 298
tl Spring 91) 25) 92, 13 15)

Be
Co

we
ao

Summer 3| 11| 8
Autumn 3] 53, 36) 39

BROW! OFoOS
HNPoo!: ofRSO

AAD A AA

Pa bet ad St bt et ot
~I
lor}

Zama mn |

io <
oS

The year!

see] cee] see

Number of days.

SERIES B.

(Nos. 3 to 10.)

AO ISIS Weg NIP, BS ME)

Pacific Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

THE COMPASS.

IO? IN.

Place of Time of
observation, | the year.

North.
N. EL.

N.

iN. EB.

Bast.

W.S. W.
N. N. W.
Calm or

West.

variable.

Direction of
resultant.

545

Monsoon

Direction,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

influences,

Number of days.

=

eoow

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn

|
|
|
|
He
L
‘| Winter
|
|
|
|
4
8,

3.
Long. 125°
to 130° W.

e aQAoopr

tong 120°
to 125° W.

we nb
8 PO NHS

Hoonm:
oa oO tb

wero:

The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

~Tho oat:

owoo:

: 10.
Long. 75°
to 90° W.

g iS 8
1 Pwa1H! aAHOs:

De Sh

i poos: owom:

bo
i

e bo © 0
ro
a)

cok

H= He OO Cl:

bo
__ h9 1S) fo. 2
Cwm: wow.

Cree
woke

ooce: SoHoS

owws:
owes: coe

owoo:
a

HOmS: CownhrH:
q he) 8 5
COwSok: OCHRE BRB! GDHQO:
Owos: HOSS:
:HOWwWOo:
oo~r190: wooo:

wo:

bo

St aganwo:
coos:

ho: por
1 ooww:

pan
a
oooso: oooo:

or
bo:
1 Dan:

1 bob bo:
* ws Stent:

Ex! 0
MAH:

SRO WOW

Wb OD?

+ Por:
DANNNMANNANMMNMNNNNNMMNMNMMAMARMINIMIAT IIMA nin mm

—
H

1 Oe

. 68°51 E.
45
21 2

4444409 ge SS SSS EP See ee ee

PRy Wmmi-z

DARA

a eS)

Anna ARMA mmm

iA tn cael

(Nos. 11 to 13.)

* Observed at the following

Heredia, by

San José, by C. N. Riotte and others, for an ag:

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

1862 and 1864 to 1868 inclusive.

Place of
observation.

Time of
the year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Costa Rica.

places, viz.:—

during the year 1868.

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

s. ti. or be-. :
W. or be-

tween 8. & E.
N. W. or be-

tween 8. & W.
tween N.& W.

N. E. or be-
tween N.& E.

S.

Ss 09 6
/- PNor
: on

* RPowow

variable.

Calm or

62
74

ZAAnA

Direction of
resultant.

65° 22/ KE.

~54 17 FE.
69 44 E.

gregate period of over three years in the years

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

7 E.
6) E:

69 May, 1875.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

546 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 12 and 13.) Costa Rica.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of

Place and Time of the
resultant.

kind of year,
observations,

Direction,

to sum of winds.

tween N. & E.

tween 8. & E.

tween S.& W.

tween N. & W.
variable.

Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-
South

S. W. or be-
Calm or

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
‘Vinter
The year!

2 | West.

cw | N. W. or be-

& | North
Ordo bo
oe
ou
=
ito}
Ss

ms

. 53° 41/ K.
15
21
28
12
17
46
40
20
40
33

to

t MWonmw: ond
ee

02 00
ZAAAAAAAZAAAAAAAAAAAA

Surface
winds
Do eee

- oO

=
on
eae
am

bo
=

©.
an
So
Lr)
A
3s
wm

12.

Motion
eee :
me co. CowWwo.

bwTew! owon:
bo
ee
C)

Aggregate
of the two. of clouds.

os
Heredia and
San José
combined. -

ANNA wBonwmy

a | eer | aN pe

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 14 to 19.) New Granada, South America.

Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Aspinwall, by William T. White, J. P. Klugé and G. A. Rucker, for an aggregate period of 71
months in the years 1862 to 1868 inclusive.

Caledonia Bay, by Capt. John Parsons, on board the ship Scorpion, from January 24, to March
16, 1854.

Chagres, by Cobb, during the month of July.

Manzanilla, during June to October inclusive in the year 1851

Panama, by M. B. Halsted, during 27 days of the month of September, 1853.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation. year. Direction,

or be-

tween 8. & W.
to sum of winds.

variable.

N. E. or be-

tween N. & E.

S. W.

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

Ratio of resultant

. 59°50! W.!.2
Wi-ls
2 W.!.2
W.|.

E.
W..-
W. .4:
Wi

14. Chagres. July
Spring
Summer
Autumn
| Winter
The year?

if
Summer
|

l

f

UW

2 oO

naga

WAAAAAAA
b

Autumn
| September)
Spring 2
Summer 3] 276) 214104
Autumn 340 165
Winter 2 72) 29

The year?) ... ||... |) «. onc |
March
Winter

eae
17. Panama.

ee of
Darien.!

SCmmMSMOW:

A ai at

W. .92

Gaeie Bay.

E eho Chagres, Manzanilla and Panama combined. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 1%.

(Nos. 20 to 24.)

IAW S 82

Guiana, South Ameriea.

WO woe

N.

O47

Observed at the following places, and reported, for the most part, to the Smithsonian Institution.

Catharina Sophia, Surinam, by C. J. Hering, from February, 1856, to December, 1858, inclusive.
Georgetown, British Guiana, by Robert H. Schomburgk, during the years 1850, 1851, 1854, 1855,

and 1856.

Our Village (near Mount Roraima), British Guiana, by Robert H. Schomburgk, from October 29

to November 16, nineteen days.
Rustenberg Plantation, Surinam, by C. J. Hering, from April, 1861.

Sr

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE Compass. Be influences.
2a
A A Es AS BE
* at ‘ or < . o
Place and Time of 8 48 BQ 22 g | Direction of | 2S
kind of the year. ne IA Basi Bee lla resultant. « ¢ | Direction.
observations, 25 25, on} 2 |e 2 4 a | Os g E| 3
5 |48| gles] SEs) & | Es | es = 2
2 |42| a |at| alse! & lee Is 2
20.
Our } Autumn 1 13] 5) 11 Opel 5 1 6 |N. 63° 40/ 22?) 31
Village. |
Spring 0 37| 50} 5) 0; 0} O 0} O|N. 74 9 HB. |.90 | N. 213°W.).03
21 Summer 0 Pi G2 GO OL 0) 2 )N. 82 27 BE. |-88]S. 1 W.|.10
George- Autumn 0 2) SO Bt O| @ @ 0} 0 |N. 77 19H. 1.92) 'S. 582 B. |02
town. Winter 0 37| 51 1 Oi Gi @) 0} 1|N.71 545. |-91 |] N. 84 W.|.07
L| The year Wy 24222) 5) OO} 0|) 3 )\N. 76 26 E. |-90
an. {4 a (| Spring 16} 264) 74) 55) 11 3} 0 Q| O|N.63 8 E. |.788
foo | 'o 8 | | Summer 12] 176) 117) 148) 59) 28). 2 8 | 2 |S. 82 26 E. |.583
aevjos | Autumn 18 | 224 97) 109} 42) 18) 4] 34) OJIN. 76 46 EB. |.549
Sa | 6 2 || Winter 26 | 208) 77) 73) 19; 3) 2 6 | 0 |N. 68 38 BE. |.693
O8 |48 [| The year? |... Esai |eceyed| roaster | reson | aes ae see. || coo |INo Wt) YA 18a |B
So (| Spring 105 | 2689) 466} 327) 40) 10) 0 0 N.56 6 KE. |.856
nO «4 || Summer | 114 | 1696) 900)1006) 192) 161 4} 50 N. §2 53 E. |.047
Fae 4 | Autumn 255 | 2677) 814) 705) 183] 167) 45 | 227 | N. 62 13 E. |.641
ES | 5 a || Winter 153 | 2992) 681) 496; 66) 10 6 90 N.58 8 E. |.804
oa (| The year? 909 ||) 000 aco. |} ace Spc ore N. 62 54 EB. |.731
22/54 (| spring | 6.56/10.19/6.03/5.95/3.64|3.33, 0 | 0
ae aS | Summer 10.36) 9.64|7.69/6.803-25 5.75) 2.00) 6.25}
a, | = 2) | Autumn |14.72/11.95/8.39|6.47|4.36|9.28 11.25! 6.68
NS eae Winter 5. 88)14-38|8.84/6.79|3.47/3.33) 3.00/15 .00
Zo f Spring 101 | 1125) 750) 358) 60) 29 B®} UG |) B NG gil Bar We aes;
a = 334 Sumner 84 770) 828) 691) 235} 80; 5) 40) 4 |S. 86 18H. |.65
22 aq Autumn 88 993] 577) 604) 214) 69) 11 87 | O|N. 84 9 E. |.60
«= ¢ | 2 || Winter 114 | 980) 696) 374) 78) 14, 6) 15] O|N. 74 148. |.74
ae Ly] Sine see So] too. I] c00 || Go|) Goo | so || eee HH cee NN om REO, PE 1153
Sala Spring 5 535)1262) 331} 13) 12) §& 6) cos |No- 2 BE) IE 568
a8 oie Summer 10 414)1223) 694) 27) 11 || UB | coo Sb SB Hi 1, If
S58 os Autumn 18 280} 987) 671) 46) 22) 8] 34] ... |S. 79 36 B. |.792
ova,| 33 | | Winter 22) 429/1215] 381] 4) 2) 2] 3]... [N.88 18 EB. |.s74
m2 |= (| The year? | ... 90 II)\oon I} Paces | Fsonp fl eens lt eos sec || coo JING GIy) PS) 1D, |) .t8i83
<a | Y: (| Spring 106 | 1660;2012| 689) 73) 41) 13) 21) 3 |N.78 57 E. |.793)N.19 4. |.11
ae — ¥ | | Summer 94 | 1184 2051)1385/ 262) 91) 12] 53) 4 |S. 84 52 BE. |.734)S. 5 W.|.112
es ops Autumn 106 | 12731564)1275) 260} 91) 19 | 121} 0 |S. 87 26 BH. |.68 |S. 42 W.).09
a3 24 | Winter 136 } 1409/1911) 755) 82) 16) 8 18} 9 |N. 81 22 BE. |-793| N. 23 E. |.09
SS LSS mee yey cea | ees feo | econ} cena tess |} crake é |N. 86 35 BE. |.744/
1 From this table we obtain the following summary of results :—

; Spring. | Summer. | Autumn. | Winter. | The year.
Average velocity of all winds in miles per hour : 8.55 7.51 9.31 10.86 9.06 —
Velocity in mean direction, on the supposition that the winds

from every point of the poe move with the foregoing

average velocity 9 6.74 4.38 5.11 8) 5.77
True velocity in mean direction, giving to the winds from the

several points of the compass Bren their own aver lorie

as shown in the table above . A 7.32 4.86 5.97 8.73 6.62
Excess of the latter over the former. +.98 | +.48 | +.86 |-+1.20 | --.85

2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

548 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 25 to 32.) Atlantic Ocean. i
Computed from observations for an aggregate period of over 9 years, collected and classified,
from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the
direction of Capt. MF. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

{Place of Time of
observa- the year.
tion.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

W.
N. N. W.
Caim or
Number of days.

=
aN.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer

| Autumn

Winter

The year!
Spring

Summer

Autumn
Winter

The year!

Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year!

Spring

Summer

Autumn

Winter

The year! | ...| ... coal} epal) ec

Spring 3 12

Summer 26 5| 27

Autumn t | 30) 16 41

Winter j | 20) 22

MMe EEVPY || coal!) cea) coo |} accll onoll acc

Spring | 13) 2

Summer 2 30

Autumn | 38

Winter : | 9

SUNG: ase || e4|] cca]! m5. ||) coal! cod}! cos

January 9 0) 6 18

February 4) 2) 16

March 26 29 7

April : 4| 32) 14

May 3] 22 3] 19

June 2 38} 68) 35

July | 45] 36

August 5 y 5} 29) 40

September ‘ | 29 $

October 9) 50) 55) 68) 72 5 : | 21} 16} 18

November] 6) 101)118} 95) 80) 35) 4% | 12) 6} iy 6|

December | 17, 89 63, 71| 31 ee, 12

UL The year |218)692 1817 800 628 pyaPeayeer 1118 984/336 326/153 192 119/195)

25.
to 55° W.
watTH
ocoo

b = = =
me GN

be

26.
to 45° W.
or or) :

PH wwst: SCawWwo
ee

' Onno:

: Nore . .
1 ANOwO! WATE:

27.

Anna wznmmA wana

to 40° W.

Onmno
onpS:
[ore =)

ren
aacnwa
oaunwo:

to 35° W.
OnAIDao:

iS
=I
In

°o
wo
=
sp
°
4
fe}
i=)
=
on
5
o
—
°
ito}
oO
to
a
fo}
4
°
oS
o
Bese
th
Se
fo)
4
°
pte)
a
ats
tn
ie
°o
A
°
i=)
aA
tp
a
fo}
4
°
r=)
re
th
A
(-}
Ss

WrHoo:
Bis poe:

5 nopato ta

mrweo:
HHWwo! onas:
edge! gran adap

to 30° W.

— SS, ese", ee OOS

3:

30,

oo

I
man:

Serie ao

to 25° W.

ear
woe:

bo

31.
mh Oo

to 20° W.

i

ES

ghnnrn aq

or

TOON A OFMrRaowWoa form? $e 2) ¢
bel ed tk bt dd od ft htt ttl Ba Bt Sd td ed dd dd td bt tt to tt

oo on
ples

wopwwei:
a eee

AMAAAAAPAMMAAAP AMMO NAAAMMAAAnAAAAyY

Ir

po

ZiAnnmn

Naor

ANMMMN Marana wAnw

NSBSEESS om :

oboe

b

for}

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 33.) Liberia, Africa.
Observed at Bassa Cove, during the autumn of 1839, as follows :—

North 8, Hast 6, S. E. 2, South 7, 8S. S. W. 33, S. W. 151, West 22, N. W. 4.
Direction of resultant 8. 49° 6’ W. (7)
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .84.

SIT I IBS 1 AO RTI I, WU ANN, 2 INO) IMS aN, 549

(No. 33(a).) Guinea, Africa.
Observed at Christiansborg, Gold Coast, by J. J. Trentophol, R. Chenon and F. Sannom, five
times a day, for an aggregate period of more than five years, in the years 1829 to 1834 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Points Or THE ComPASss.
Time of Time of ne = 8 o
observation. | the year. | | A a A ei 3 |e e Fe JE lee
Bia) Bae caer ee ce Se a a eee
Ale le lela lee ie We) ae) EE ee ee.
6or7 Spring 1 0 2 0 4 0 0 0] 0 0 15| 1 | 10 4 | 415) 17 3
Ra Gele summe | Of O| O} O}] O} O} MO} ©} O] Bi 23) 48] Ww] me) eB] 2
ANE Autumn 0 1 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 2 32) 13) | 32 8 | 231) 6 2
Winter 9 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i ee 0 i) B85) Y/ 1
f Spring S| O} Bi] Of AiO} Si OF Sy 42) Baal Gr as! wi Gol @] 3
9 o’clock Summer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 | 232) 70 | 30 5 44; 1 0
A. M. | Autumn 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 | 256! 9 | 17 4| 40) 0 0
Winter 7 1 9 0 BAO || H 0} 0 0 | 124/11 | 46 | UgeA, Ay
Spring 0 0 2 0 1 0 4 2 0 4 448) 2 1 1 5) 0 1
Navn Summer 0 0 0 (0) 0 0 i 0 1 2) | 309) 2 0 1 0; 0 0
Autumn 0 0 0 0 3 0 2 1 0 1 | 323) 0 0 0 1) 0 0
Winter 1 1 6 0 5 0 | 15 0 4 1 | 369) 6 2 1 6) 0 2
f Spring 0 0 2 0 1 0 5 2 1 7 | 481) 0 i} @ 12, 0 1
4 o’clock j Summer j= 0] 0} 0} 0} 0] 0 1 ON tI ete KehS) eal ein ea) 0} 0; O
P. M. Autumn 0 0 1 0 il 0 4 0 1 2) 310) 1 i | .@ 2) 0 1
| | Winter o| of 2) eo] 2) oft] 11 3) Bla al al ol Apolo
9 or 10 Spring 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4) 45 | 385) -1 0 0 20) 0 3
Paloele Summer 0 0 (0) 0 0 0 (0) 0 1 es y 28) 8} 1 0 4; 0 0
P.M Autumn 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 il U || Wey) PES 9 1 11} 0 0
Brees Wiuter 0 0 0 0 1 0 | 14 0 il | i) |} exe) al 1 0 17} 0 0
Spring 6 0 | 10 0 8 ) |} ala 4 7 | 60 |1486) 71 | 80 | 12 | 551) 17 | 12
Wee récate Summer 0 0 0 0 0; 0 2 0 4 | 90 |1345|/102 | 84 | 13 | 261) 9 4
eo Antumml Ol 26) iO | Gi) Ol 8) 2 | 8 | 20) 1176\) 29 |) 59 || 13)! 287 6 || 3
| Winter 17 3 | 25 0 9 0 | 50 1 8 } 16) |1235) 20 |) 51 | 1 | 647) 9 | 12

Mr. Pederson, in his reductions of the above-named observations, gives the directions of the
resultants for each month of the year as follows, from which it appears that they depend much
more on the hour of the day when the observations are made than upon the month or season of
i the year.

Hour. January. February. March, April. May. June,

6 o’clock A. M.| N. 45° 1/ W. | N. 43° 2/ W. | N. 44° 0/ W. | N. 45° 3’ W. | N. 48° 1’ W. | N. 51° 7 W,
Wd ost’ et N.40 2 W.| N.45 4 W.|N.46 6 W.| N.47 0 W.| N.47 9 W./N.66 6 W.
yea ose i We 7A O Wo |) We wie OD Wo |) Sb SY 7 Wye |} Sh GI Gl |) Bo 7G Ao |} So VAS W/ May

Noon 8. 43 3 W.| 58. 42 0 W.| 5. 44 9 W.| 58. 45 7 W.| 5S. 44 6 W./ 5S. 44 4 W.
4o’clock P.M.| S. 38 5 W. | 5. 43 6 W.| 5.45 7 W.|5. 45 9 W. |S. 44 0 W. |S. 44 5 W.
SOMES 7 f* 5. 41 3 W. | 8. 47 2 W.| 5. 45 5 W. |S. 46 4 W./ 58. 43 6 W.| 5S. 43 5 W.

Hour. July. August. September. October. November. December.

6 o'clock A. M.| N. 68° 2’ W. | N. 77° 6/ W. | N. 70° 0’ W. | N. 49° 9/ W. | N. 43° 2) W. | N. 45° 0/ W.
ioe sf Me GD) 4S Ais sb 7 OY Wie | Bh 8 We | WE © We |) Wee WO lie |) We sk 6 .
Ties <6 LM: ish BS) = Wo || Sb BW Wii | Bb AG Vive | Sb Vivo | ish 7 Be |] Me BR Oo)

Noon 8. 44 8 W.| 5.45 3 W.|S. 45 0 W. |S. 44 0 W./| 8S. 438 4 W. |S. 46 5
| 40’%clock P. M./ S. 48 3 W. |S. 45 0 W. |S. 45 5 W. |S. 45 5 W.| 5. 48 0 W.| 5. 43 9
Gaia G03 8. 42 9 -| 8. 39 8 W. |S. 45 2 W. | 8.50 8 W. |S: 43 2 W. |S. 46 5

(Nos. 33(6) and 33(c).) Central Africa.
Tewfikeeyah, Latitude 9° 25’ North, Longitude 31° 30’ Hast. Observed by Lieut. Julian A.
Baker, R. N., from July 23 to August 11, and from September 4 to 15, 1870.

5900 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 33(b) and 33(c).) Central Africa.— Continued. :
White Nile, between 5° and 15° 36’ North Latitude, and 31° to 34° Hast Longitude. Observed
during tours by Lady Baker, from May 26 to July 7, 1873.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the
observation, year.

E. or be-
tween 8. & E. |
to sum of winds.

tween N. & E,

tween 8, & W. |

tween N. & W.
variable.

Ratio of resultant

South

S. W. or be-
N. W. or be-
Calm or

®
2
&
°
ia
Z

Ss.

ZA fey ILA
Say 620).
South.

53(b). j| July and August
Tewfikeeyah. || September
f
A

—
BR
ow o co

33(c). May
White Nile. June and July

cone
ocooww
Cr Oo bo
ocooon
wmooc

bo

(No, 34.) Abyssinia, latitude 9° to 10° north.
Computed from observations made by Rev. H. Hunter, for 7 days in the winter of 1777-8, as ,
follows :-— |
N. HE. 2, 8S. H. 2, West 2, Calm 1.
Direction of resultant due east (? ??).
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .12.

(Nos. 35 to 37.) Indian Ocean, longitude 40° to 80° east.
From observations for an aggregate period of over two years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS,

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation. year. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

variable.
to sum of winds.

South
N. N. W.

Calm or

IBA SK |
39 W.!.
17
14
40
29
bo
55
13
11
57
47
1
23
19

35 | Spring

Longitude
40° to
60° E.

| Summer
| Autumn
| Winter |
The year! Weece

| Spring

conor

.

H bo:
i apes: eomeoso

36.

| Autumn

| Winter

| The year!

| Spring

| Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

60° to
75° E.

Hr Oo: sopn

> oows: oo0M
oooco:

: be:
a o (NSS) ms

37.
Longitude
75° to
80° E.

EOE a: =

-
= oO
_2PeR zane wan

{

|

( | 48
Longitude [eer |

AAAAAAAARAAAAPY
b

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons. | |
a” |
il

(Nos. 38 to 41.) Island of Ceylon, Indian Ocean.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Colombo, during a period of six years, from 1853 to 1859. '
Point de Galle, during the year 1854. si
Trincomalu, during the year 1854.

2

SBIR ILIV 1s ZAIN IR WG INN By NO) I) INE 551
(Nos. 38 to 41.) Island of Ceylon.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

influences.

j
|
Place and Time of the
kind of year.
observations.

Direction of

resultant. | Direction.

E. or be-
tween N. & E.
to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

North.

N.

S. E. or be-
tweens. & E.
South.

S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

January
February
March
April
May

| June

| July

38 to 41. eran

September
Colombo. ntouen

November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

a
ro

e
=
OVO Rt bo

SESS temo || es
COrbpasaor

moocococeorna

Ei
OorwdScScoscooor

i)

- 30°23/ W.] . . 103°.
58 22 W.| .8 . 57 W.
b (8) IN AWCll b i \ivo
- 36 48 EH, | .5! -45 &E.
- 60 47 W.).

BPeENNWPNNORFCONGBr+

DE EBNWONORPNHORPREWRHO
on = =

Also es Gas GocmaaS Cr
WEBER WONNOOKHORRR Ew

=
oOnrRCOoOm

oo

loro elt |

CW ROWRUrHS
bo ee

ee

=
ASNXNWNonnbdrre

H
(SX)

(Nos. 42 to 49.) Indian Ocean, China Sea and Pacifie Ocean.
West of longitude 180°.
Indian Ocean, for an aggregate period of over six years.
China Sea, for an aggregate period of over four ycars.
Pacific Ocean, for an aggregate period of over four years.
From observations collected and classified, from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the
United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

ee) Monsoon

THE COMPASS. | Ba influences. °

25 e

Placeof Time of th | aie ; | 82 a
ace 0 ime of the . c : ln |...) Directi ot |

_ | observation. year. a A _|A 1) ele EH. E ; - |e 58 Sere ete Direction. a
SI2| Al al elas lalslule|@|e|2/F |e lee ga a

e( A Bla eld fo la ai fd | LB Le |e OP me 2

j epee ee fj

Spring 8} 12 36 17| 14! 8) 18 SG) aay a7) 43) 33, 37| 6| 10) 7| S. 49° 7 W.|.16 103

Summer 0} 0} OF OF 2 OF 2) 5) 15) 21/120) 78) 43) 21) 3) 2) 5S. 57 32 W.|.84 106

Autumn 18} 17 22 11} 15] 15] 22) 20) 18) 36) 72] 72) 43) 16| 28] 0] 18|S. 54 9 W.|.35 . 425 W.). (148

| | Winter 19! 29) 59! 43) 2: ) 2 12) LO} 4 3) 13) Bi 19) 6) 3) SINE 44 40) BlN59 .50 E. 74 | 80

|| lve gpeeneB AP sscel sooth call peel eel te coe hiner lite eee [aera kcal | oe iowa eal le .. |S. 64 8 W.].19 437

(| Spring 28) 37) 79! 48, 65) 46) 57| 23) 27) 38) 79) 95) 29) 9] 17) 4) 32/8. 37 27 E. |.14 235

Summer 0) 0) 2) 4) 2) 7 6) 4) 14) 24107) 65) 17) 0) 3) 1) GIS! 45 43\ W.).79 91

Autumn | 21) 17) 62 25) 28) 2) 36 14) 18 65/150)111) 62) 19) 21) 18) 265. 54 46 W.|.35 232

Winter 32/141)194 95) 69) 39) 30 19) 13 9) 5] 19] 33] 8] 9) 43) IGN. 51 5 EH, |.58 248

‘Fs speeial |] Sell ccol| costed tal feed wee esl ecu Pec tata fage fee fezzel (Reo [nee nee SE a il 806
Peitndian { Spring 5| 16] 40 14) 4 4) 15) 8) 14 31) 60) 31) U5 eb ens ae ellieniSe: 3G. ve We ls2e 93
MmOcean Summer OO RS OL) 2) 13) 6) 34134197) 73) 17 QU 72) TOW aS Siz) bil WEISG 164 |
long. 90° Autumn TG aS) 3x0) 35) 35) 8) 11) 7 19) 12) 36) 41) 32) 32) 5) 9) 10N. 73 13 W.|.063 120 |
to 95° &, | | Winter 15) 27) $8) 28} 19) 4] 13) 2, 2) 7 3! al 1 0] 8! 16) ON. 45 44 B. [67 78

Es EE |} coal! oaall eco!| ocel) cool! -ceell coal! coal) ccol) cesi! tol] cxoll| cnoll cool)! Snolf coal ccolsh 6B (G \uycibilth 455

45. Indian { Spring 15) 18) 40, 38) 22) 17| 21) 13) 21) 14) 44) 28) 22) 27) 32} 22) 71)N. 34 1 W.|.05 155

Gena Summer 4) 4) 13) 3) 20) 6) 38) 33) 48) 23) 57) 25) 43) 19) 15) 8] 21/8. 26 34 W.|.40 127

long. 950 } | Autumn | 14) 15) 42) 40) 38) 11) 22) 11) 10) 11) 35) 19) 36) 22) 22) 6 23/N. 48 30 E. |.07 126
to 105° E, [ Winter 24) 35) 91) 32) 37) 7 14) J) dy) 2) 6) 5) 5) 4) 24) 11) 19/N. 41 10 Bb. |.58 106
4 Beem A) || aol cosa cee eral eel See vers| ancl) oes ceed) sacle 58 B4; Hs [07 514
46.Ching {| Spring 17) 23 144) 69] 80) 22) 41) 13) 52) 23) 46) 9) 11) 5| 8] 5) 14\N. 85 12 BL |.41 194 |
Sea | | Summer 3} 0) 3) 3) 20) 3) 22) 11) 65) 91)201) 22) 35) 15) 22) 1) 4)S. 35 46 W.|.71 174 f
long. 05° 1 Autumn 64) 51/164) 35) 64) 14) 31) 12) 50) 66/212) 58/109) 30) 57) 6) 32S. go 19 W.|.13 352
to 110° E. [ Winter 75 185/231 | 44) 10) 3) 5) 0} 4! 1) Oo} 1) Oo} 4) 3! 6 ON. 33 31 B. |.89 191
The year! | ...| ... | “| pall! cepl| ‘poci|h seals east deo ~.{N. 62 48 E. |.10 911

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 47 to 49.)

WINDS OF

2

THE GLOBE.

Indian Ocean.— Continued.

PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

| RELATIVE
|

Place of
observation

Time of the
year.

Direction of
resultant.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

N. N. W.
Calm or

ae China f Spring

| | Summer

{ | Autumn

| | Winter

* (| The year! |

(| Spring

| | Summer

{| Autumn

[ Winter
The year!

48.China
Sea,

long. 115°

to 125° E.

49. Pacific (Spring

Quean | Summer

ites 195° { Autumn
25 | Winter

FOOT:
to 150° E. | The year!

- 9° 2 K.
41 36

i)
34

5
Sul
53

0

S
roy
oowo

joie

[=
~I
SoMmnpom:
een
Sore:

ment: wWwson
S
AAARI ARAN IAA OA

: bits:
t <T-ThO-T!? ©

t wom:
Be Ost:
CrBH:

Monsoon

influences,

Direction.

Force.

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Addendum to Zone No. 17.
Observations on the Indian Ocean calculated by the Meteorological Institute of the Nether-
lands, under Captain Cornelissen.

Between
W. and N.

Between Between
E. and 8. S. and W.

Between
N. and E.

50. Between 80°

Between 90° and 100° E.

and 90° E.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

13
13
18
11
16
10
23
16

29 21

1 8
16 - 13
62 14
31 15

4 16
24 20
68 11

ZONE No. 18.

LATITUDE 0° to 5° Nortu.

Oo me WoT bo Ww bow

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at

5 stations on land, for an aggregate period of over 10 years 5 months;
The distribution is as follows:—

for about 62 years.

at sea

Where observed. eee Aggregate length of time.

Pacific Ocean, eae 14,291 days — 39 years 8 months.
South America, 2 9 years 1 month.

Atlantie Ocean, 300 over 8 years.

Africa, 2 1 year 2 months.

Indian Ocean, Arete hs over 8 years 6 months.

Asia, 1 2 months.

China Sea, oa te 1003 days —2 years 8 months.
Celebes Sea, omemtaire 1178 days =8 years 2 months.

Number of days.

et ly ten Se

acseeanuleih-ng:sice asacetaiaeneeenenatl

SERGE Se Be ZONE 18s eAwT e019) TO 5° IN. 553

(Nos. 1 to 15.) Pacifie Ocean, east of longitude 180°.
From observations made for an aggregate period of 88 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
pep M. F. ey, Supednvendent

RELATIVE PREVALENCE Or WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT ta) 0 Monsoon
Points OF THE CoMPASs. Ag influences. c
2 £4 B
| E 2 E
Plae> of Time of w il = | Direction of FON OY oe 6
observation. the year. c ia] ia] gq gi be 5 = AE |) Bi resultant. of Direction. i E
BIS\Alelelalealul sluljela|e|a\|F la) s $6 £|
. a Ss . . fe) S 5 b b b : re ce ah ic) 2
A/Z/A4|A(A|Al|al|alajn|alelelelalajo (ee = A
| |
(| Spring | 4| 14) 69| ss|143| 33 44) 6| 16) 3| 6] 0] 0] 0 of o| 3|N. 83° 29/H, |.56 |W. 294°w.|.31 | 143
Summer 0} 0} 20) 6} 50) 41) 39) 21) 4) 0} O] 0 O} OF Oo} 0} OS. 70 42 &. |.84 |S. Agi E. |.11 60
Fons. iss Autumn 2) 9) 19} 40)210)272\478)/102) 42) 1) 6) 0} 0} O} 3] 0) 11)S. 58 31 E. |.80 |S. 7 W.|.21 | 398 F
+0 165° W. | | Winter 10} 1) 56) 48)127/121,118) 21) 13} 0} 0} O} 0} 0} Oj} O} 10\/S; 7S 38 EB. }.80 | NL 593 E. |.08 | 175
Ting) shine! || das “cecll! Seo scoalaooh Resell toon) Gsolh heen! | desl!) “Soell tasol | tecel| leas dco! -cool|tso st By) Ts Wetzel cooomo one a 776
: sake 26| 6) 93) 88/161} 44) 66) 3) O} O| 0} O 0| 0} o| 3] ZN. S80 13 E. |.s0 |N.14 &. |.332! 165
Summer QO) 6] 12) 9) 9) 5) 19) 21) 2) 0} 0) OF 0} OF OF 0} OFS. 70 25 E!|.69 |S. 56 W.|.08 28 |
Long. aie Autumn 10} 1) 27) 18) 97)124)271) 84) 65) 8] 38) 1) 3) 1) 8] Oj} 13/S. 48 21 BH. |.73 |S. 29 W.|.3 256
}to155° W. | | Winter 3} 9) 44) 31)163)/108)111) 16) 5) 0] O} OO} OF 0} OF O| 21S. 77 51 BH. }.85 | N. 85 ZF. }.1 164 §
The year! | ... ceol] dell a55l} Geel) Goal] “ocal] coal! cosll <ceel] cc]! ccoll’ cool] “ocoll cool coolltse (7) @ 1 lanB Ventas 613
Siting 3) 3] 76) 82/161) 63)135) 14, 2) 0; 0; 0} J) 5) oO} Oj 11/8. 84 39 BH. |.80 | N. 43. |.2124) 185
Summer 0}, @) OO} Aap ve) Gs) Ue) OF Oh Gh Ol Ol Ol Ol ONS BS) Sif teh Ns) ASS aR to, LA 58
tone, ‘a Autumn 0} 0} O} 21) 27) 18) 23! 23) 6! 6] OF O 0! 0} 0} 0} O|S. 58 50 E. |.80 | S. 363 W.|.17 41
}to145° W || Winter A) 0} 45)) 51)182)133/106) 25; 3) 0) 5) 0} 0}; OO} 0} 0} ZS. 77 21 B. |.84 | N. 21 &. |.11 | 187%
THE aE! | Seall spect seool} “osoll Jooell eeGlll Leeell’ Geel oSal| coe! appli) Gosi| socall) coral aren | cersllitcees Its ion t649)amt5{ (Via Oe fetsye} senor cos | Efi
Saiee O| 3) 58) 25/185) 65/212) 54) 31) 0) 6 0] 0; 0} O 0) 16)/S 67 11 E.|.79 | N. 14 W.].13 | 220
uf Summer 0} 0} 0} 4) 39) 30) 97) 22) G6) 0] O} 0] 0} OF © OO} O}S. 52 22 &. |.92 South. }.13 63
Long. 10° Autumn 0} 0} 0} 6) 21) 49) 78) 21) 3) 0} 3) 0} O| OF O OF OS. 54 7H /.90 |S. 2 EF. }.09 60
to 135° W a Winter 0} 3] 39) 29) 87) 78)226) 32) 7 0} 6] O; O} 0} 3) O} 18/S. 64 28 BE. }.80 | N. 1 W.|.084] 179
TING) eee | sacl oa lose! | sel litee taal mabe [i ees plcioe| lr Geer Emer | MBE fea aa cool! ooa|[tso OE) WAI BBY I) aeoneaces §22
Boric 0} 12} 61) 36/168) 79/224) 85} 14) 0} 8) 4) 10; 0) 0) 0} 24)S. 67 26 LB. |.74 |N.10 W.J.18 | 249
Summer Ol) 0} 20) O22) 72) 92) 7) 3)) 0} 0} 0} 0} 0} 0) 0) BIS! 53 29 E.|.94 |S. 21 Bi 66
Long. | Autumn 0} 0} 13; 0) 24) 39) 93) 30) 39) 0/ 0] 0] 0] O| 0 0} O/S. 46 49 B.|.84 |S. 41 W.}.15 79
to 130° W ll Winter 0} 0} 15) 13) 95)174/267| 29) 2) 0) 0) 0} Oo] O| 0 0} IS. GO 41 E. |.89 | N. 682 BE. |.07 | 201
The year! | ... éci||" coal} “aBall idoal| Goa|| -ee6l| secol kode MISES col imesh | ices ee sb BG 483 15, |) |] cee ccones ze |) RED
qT ( Bene 4| 3] 66) 13) 99)126)287) 74) 30) 3) 8 3] 3] ~0 2) 0) 24/8. 59 84 BE. |.76 | N. 31 W.}.09 | 252
6. Summer 13) 0} 3} 3) 26)/122/227).34) 6) 0} 0} Oo} 1) 0} 0; 0} 3/8. 54 10 EB. /.85 |S. 153 B. |.07 | 146
‘Long. 120°, | Autumn 0} 0} O} 6) 66/113)130) 15) 5} 6] O} Oo} oO} O 2; 0} 3/8. GO 0 FE. |.90 | N. 8} EH. /.08 | 115
to125° W. | | Winter 0} 0} 14) 19)1383)146)390) 80) 36) 3) 8 Oo} 3) O} 3) 0} 34/8. 53 55 B. |.84 |S. 383 W.|.06 ae
Tas, ee ||. Seal seeel|i etal). -Ssslt boul |! sees! cose llrare ltene| lf bel fieeal veces flcrecl tees ach Sb HO Bill Ws Bb Seats coo 803:
- Spring 0} 5} 49) 20)- 54) 76)145) 49) 30) 0: 7] oO} 8] OO} Oo] O} 38/S. 62 38 EB. |.65 | N. 18 W.].22 | 166 §
r 7. Summer 0} 0} 0} 3) 46) ‘76)191) 40) 11) 10) 06] of Oo} 0} oO 0} O;S. 50 7 EH. ).91 |S. 344 EB. |.09 | 125
- fLong. 115° 4 | Autumn 0) 0} 3) 3) 27) 64/104) 37) 9) 6} 9] Oo] 0] 0] Oo} 0] OS. 48 36 EH. |.86 |S. 1 E. |.06 87
to120° W. Winter 4| 2) 12) 12) 47/152/338|124] 23} 3) 4) 0] 1! O| 0] oj 12/S. 49 16 EB. |.88 |S. 20 E |.07 a H
Ting Seo || cant] opel Saal} ool) cool] oso|lfhadail | Goal) ‘acalh soell-coalll coal Gaol| oan soci) coollfSlo IL By Td, Nol} |} nse ecoacs 6
( Biiine 0} 4} 35) 20) 43) 60/137) 20) 26) 4) 4) 0} 14, 0} 1) 3) 18/8. 60 1K. |.69 | N. 94 W.|.17 | 180 |
Summer O} 0} 0} 0) 8) 8) SG) 225) 9 Ti Ol" 2) 10} 0} 0) OS: 35) 57 EB. 88) |S. 29 W.| 23 50 qf
Rong. 110° Autumn 0} 0; 6) 0} 18) 24155) 51) 33) 4) 0} 0} 0} OF oO O] O/S. 39 43 EB |.90 |S. 16 W.).19 98 §
/to 115° W. | | Winter 7| 0) 11) 27) 68/308) 67} 38} 4) 0) 0} 0; 6} O Oo} O} 8S. G8 9 HE. |,89 | N. 473. |.273 as
TNhe FP! |} ceil] coal} cos}} -ocol} eenll) ool ool] o06/] Goal!" ool} Seal) cecil osal| coal! sant!) ‘coal! coal| So all) Pala, Tete |) = Gososdees a 7
if Boine 3) 6) 17) 19) 49) 24,100) 46} 49) 10; 3) 3] 0] 0] 2) 0} 13)S. 49 46 BE. |.70 | N. 18 W.).13 | 115
| Summer 0} 0} 0} 8} 22) 61) 90) 42) 23) 3] O} Oo} OF OF oO} O 0.8. 47 53 KE. |.89 |S. 11Z E. |.08 83
| Lone. 105° Autumn 0} 0} 9} 0} 13) 21) '74) 40) 16) 6] 0} O} O} OF oO} O| O}S. 42 47 BE. |.86 |S. 53 E. |.05 60 |
to1l10° W. | | Winter 0} 0} 5) 5) 41) 28)254)127] 52) 9) 2) 0} o| 0} oO} O} 21)\8. ae ri E. sz 5S. 114 W.|.10 fae
IL!) Wingy see! yh. cael cael) acc cee [Eeea| fo o5el sae ace lace | eee | cue] [lease Himceel eee Resear lies fniosel [ES AT GEEt ay 28 2 ieieeeeertes
i[ Bptine 0} 0} 6) 10) 30) 56) 79] 40] 14) 22) 4) 0] 5] 0} 2) O} 20/S. 46 20 EB. |.71 | N. 2 EB. }.14 96
Summer O} 0} ©} 6) 12) 24/112) 56] 77) 18) 0} ©} ©} 0} Oo} 0} O}S. 30 50 EB |.88 |S. 25 W.).14 | 100
Long. pion? | Autumn 0} 0} 9] 3) 7 32106) 34 21) 6 2) 0; 3] Of Oo] O} G/S. 42 24 B. |.82 | N. 62) EB. |.05 76 |
fo 105° W. | | Winter 3| 1) 14) 12) 48) 76.333/153'119) 24, 8) 0} 2! 0; 2 O| 5/S. a 56 : sa S. 134 E. |.03 ae
Ly hae sree I] ssl esalltasalP easel) -oal lf! Boalt Gull aaall) onl adele Geol eratle ace h Nese leesaal asa laoal|tsamcsshens tsi /OP a Ite) ls Finer cade 3
( Spring 2| 3] 38} 28] 62) 17|187| 69| 59) 25) 29) 0) 7 3] O| Oj 23/8. 44 32 BE. |.66 | N. 24 FE. ).20 184
Summer 0} ©} 12) 0} 6] 16/201/111|115] 15) 3) 0} 9] Oo 0} O} 5/8. 27 49 EB. |.85 | 5. 4i EH. |.11 | 164
eg 95° 4 | Auturon 0} 9] 11) 3) 23) 6/182/111/174) 37) 4! 0} ©} O} 0} 0} 3/S. 24 43 BE. |/,83 |S. 20 W.j.11 | 188
+0100 W. || Winter 9| 4] 37] 5] 25) 92,270|153/209| 34) 23] 8] 11) 0| 7 7 60/S. 30 20 EB. |.70 | N. 40 W.|.05 ay
IL) lag eeu cll: acl Se5Ib ocolll Boll call aeall cool] Geol! ceall Gal] eeoll) eco!) ecil scellcoal| cool/shecuih 6) 005 RCI le ecacnoen: 8:
Spring 41) 9) 70) 37)131/140 543)161/422 2138 191 43) 58} 23) 26) 5/120/8. 21 20) Ey 52 | N--27 W. 18 | 719
Summer | 16} 12) 20) 6] 28) 60341 325 530/114 101 12) 8] 0) 13] 4/100|/S. 18 56 E. }.75 |S. 12 W.}.08 | 567
nee 90° | Autumn 12) 6] 11) 9] 57] 53 451)240/326)132) 24) 4) 10) 2) 2) 0) 43/S. 24 20 BE. |.79 |S. 37 E. |.11 | 461
| t0 95° W Winter 21| 1) 54| 19| 96) 99.456 31438111 127/118} 24) 37) 0} 22) 7] 59)S. 22 39 BE. |.68 | N.57 E. |.02 | 612
“Lf Dhe yeart | ose] oc. ose] veel won| oes[ ee] eee[ cee] oe] tee] cee eee] oe an (Sh PBS ZB) THE AS) | © ccc cee . (2359

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasous.

70 May, 1875.

dd4 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 18 to 15.) Pacific Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

THE COMPASS.

_Monsoon
influences,

Direction of

Place of ~ |Time of the
resultant.

observation, year. _|A 4 4 A

Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

W.S. W.
~ Calm or

| Spring | 7 335 |219)245| 72
| Summer j 3|287 |195)470) 213)
Autumn | j 191\119)414) 93)
Winter 5 0} 15) 160)162/219| 97
AWE TAAEENS |IFeall Goall capi] Sos|)) cco opal] cea) onal) oon
| Spring Wise j 9/169 96 251/305 378
| Summer 2) 66 8; 46/265/191 916/597
Autumn 2 t y 170)133 394'529 6
Winter 110! 46 204 132)
The year! |... sc.) s-2] see|) soe] ene|| cen) nee] eee] ose|) eer
Spring 14) 27) 44 75)

5 Summer 3 46) 13) 92124
Long. 75° + Autumn 65| 18)114 108 222)
to 80° W. Winter ; 17| 3] 16 21) 34

| The year! | Bet ool | cocl|t ncelll Gaull cooll) sal) ccAdll) sail oba|l» ate

» 29°35!
10 27
10 51
10

eo

@;
TSO Ps PREC

7 Ww
ae

ANNA tn tn tata Wa i i

e000! stc0 So:
a eed rear
ry what ou.

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 16 and 17.) South America. ;
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Bogota, New Granada, by Pere Cornette, from May 1, 1848, to May 24, 1850.
Cayenne, Guiana, at the Hospital, during the years 1546 to 1852 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

ae Direction
Place of Time of z

°
observation. the year. resultant.

tween S.& W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

tween 8. & E.
S. W. or be-

S. E. or be-

aQ
me
°
a
Z

16. Bogota.!
January
February
March
April
May

June

July
August
17. Cayenne. September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

10
20
444
124
226
513
1307) §

Ser BRwWNDHENPOSCS

N. 53° 23/ E. 81
N. 85 48 E. 84 .
N. 76 15 E. aon
N. 49 45 E. -89
N. 66 28 E. 83

H

poorroocococoscccoecs
oeoocoooocececcooococos
NBrooroococcoocoococoowoso

"MOWNCOSCCSCSCOSCSOSSCSS

i
CORE ROHR HE COSCOHHNDHH

1 The observer gives the prevailing directions of the wind in the different months as follows, viz., January
N. W., February N. W., March N. W., April N. W., May N. W. and 8. E., June 8. E., July S. E. ’ August $. E.,
September S. E., October N. W., November N. W., December N. W.

SIRI IIT 135 9 AOI WS, TAG, OO SN@ BS IN. 555
e
(Nos. 18 to 24.) Atlantic Ocean.
From observations for an aggregate period of over eight years, collected and classified from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Observed from December 4, 1839, to January 31, 1840, as follows, viz.:—
December, South 30, S. S. W. 9, S. W. 24, W. 8. W. 9, Calm 12.
Direction of resultant S. 26° 37’ W. (? 2?)

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .80.

January, N. E. 18, 8. E. 3, South 9, 8S. W. 33, West 15, N. W. 6, Calm 9.
Direction of resultant S. 55° 43’ W. (? 7)

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .36

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE 4 Monsoon
Compass. ae influences. a
a8 — Pp
| | fe he ae 3
Place of Time of . | Sa llenirectionot =o o
observation. | the year. Wer ia] i a j S le | i= Ee | 5 resultant. |_| Direction, ? 5
(2/8 |2lg|alalalelalje|4 see |e |s ee sul
Silo eo fae er mecha Wallis ee Sl ee Ene) 5 5
2/2/24 |S l|ealalalalalalale lee lelale che a | &
Spring 6| 30|167| 48| 44] 10] 24| 2| 4! o| o| of of o| 2] 3] 6|N-58°52/H.|.82|N. 4ew.| 46] 116
Mis ride Summer 0} 1} 5} 12) 24) 28] 93] 25) 4) 0] 2) oO] 1 0 0] 0] 9/5. 55 9 B.|.82)S. 5 W.!.46] 68)
W Age to} | Autumn | 1) 0} 8] 8] 12) 31) 45) o| 1) 0} 1) 0} Oo} Of of 0 OS. G8 48 E./ 81/8. 930. | .26| 36
55° W Winter 6} 7} 38] 20} 28} 14) 11) 4) 1) 0} 0; 0}. 1] Oo} 1) Oj N. 73 48 B.| .74)/N. 23 Wz.) .26] 46
The year! sell ‘sal elf ll rl ed FP ee Hee el ee cee Stone aR Pet |... | 266
Spring 7| 43'179| 67! 50] 14] 74] 15] 2] 4) 2] 2] o| o| 5] 2] 36/N. 86 47 B.! .57|N. 304 W.! .18 | 167
Peieinde | Summer QO} 5) 14) 7 22) 201121 56} ii} al! BD) @! ah @- @) Bl SSL 2h) BB} ib, |) OKO) SE 7 W. 40} 88
) 35° to Autumn OO La G25) S50) OD Ole 6l ee Oleet ly Olherd: 0) 0; 0 3) iS, (63) 23 105 |] fail) Sh I 1DE |) 325) 1) GB)
40° W | | Winter 6} 13) GQ) 26) 51) 22) 46) 3) 6] O} 1) 0} Oo} O} OF OF 2) N. 83 31 B.| 76) N. 253 EB. | .23 | 79
: * [| The year! | . Se Rall as bsall<cbal| docll) was) asst Goat capal easel Sb ae) EADS HERAT | eeensones sa0. |} Bx
Spring 55/140) 42) 5h) 14 BT 5] Ul) 3) 3) 2) 4) 2) Y 2) 12] 81) N. 41 58 B. | .63'| N. 23 W.) 54] 147
‘ Petia Summer 1 AD | GGA: ALO eile GeO OOS TSS Ol 5 /sSteG2i ss ale sO | Ss. 4 W.} .30 61
; 30° to Autumn 7) 14) 10) 22) 27140) 5821) 3) 38) Oo 2) oO} 0} 60) 62) 2S) 7 18) hy) 81 |S. 30 HE. ) .26) 107
35° W Winter 5] 36) 23) 42) 26) 81) 36) 7] 0; 1} Oo} O; oO; 1) 3) 6 GIN. 86 47 I. | .69 | N. 383 E. | .08 91
: THa@ EOE! |} col! 05] seal] ‘oscl} cee|} cca} co0/] can]! ca4l] sal! coal! cool} canal] ‘cool! eal! ecoll cool tsb tel’ aL IDs Wp olst6 |) oceccocns .» | 496
4 Spring 23) 85) 2/7) 50) 15) 60) 28) 14) 6) 2) - 1) 2) Ty) 2) 7) 25 25|N. 56 9 B.|.46|N.19 W.| .48] 124
PPE iio Summer OS) GB) ay ai) We) (eBi) Gal) WO! HO Bi] BH aT G5) BIS} 1G | oy) Sb IN} 155 |) 324) 88
OF to | Autumn D4) by S28 7720 79 2019 a 2) Ol. Dy a) Bi dal S. 48) 40 Be | 79) S. 10) EB. |) .33)) 128
30° W Winter 5} 41} 20) 25)| 30) 83) 50) 36) 2) 7) oO} 4) dW 1 3) 11] 28) S. 80 53 E.|.57| N. 14 E. | .10} 116
We | The year! | ...| ... ee (pte |e ligeeelllpeeeea lt ees eail| reacill) veasll) eeelll bess seel| ocoll Sb. YAO) PAO) IDE, || |} concep ace ... | 456
99, (| Spring 18} 45) 17) 37) 21) 53) 65) 54) 16) 25) 2) 8) 2 9) 6 20) 42\S. 73 17 BE. | .38' N. 20 W.| .36} 147
Longitude | | Summer 3) 2) 6] 7 14} 99)182)174) 27 28 3) 1 7} 0} 888 88 384 N86 1S. 20 EB. .26)) 187
20° to Autumu 25) 2a a) 72) 92129) 36) 26) Bi 13) 38 al TE 118}, BR} TG) 19e 1) oS) |) Se} 18) cai |} OG
95° W Winter 13) 40} 26) 36] 29) 63] 82) 67| 17) 11) 9) 3) Oo} 8 Oj 10) 50/8. 68 28 B.| .49|)N. 7 W.) .28) 155
The year! | ...| ... pou} deal)’-684|! o08]). onall eal ical! Hana codl leecool lone Py |S. 46 48 EH. | 64), ......... ao || BOB)
93, (| Spring 8} 14) 4) 15) 11) 16) 20) 24) 26} 33) 15) 21) 1) 12) 3) 16 GIS! 7 0) Be 27 | IN. 23> Wel 227, 82 |
Longitude | | Summer 0} 0} O} 17| 11) 64/147)461)340)158) 28) 37) 6) 7) 0} 1] 3)S. 12 39 E. | .83 | 8. 74 Ei. | .29 | 428
10° to 4 | Autumn UM} B3) UA ay Be Al (255 |204 148) 29) 12) 5) 0] 0) 0) 8/8. 15 6 E.|.71)8. 15 HE. | .17 364
20° W | | Winter 7) 13] 15] 23) 4) 14 98] 41| 27| 30] 11] 13] 0 9| 2| 6) 35) S. 29 22 HB.) 34] N. 62 E. | .23 93
(UI Wlaw serine |} coal! coal coal! coal}! vesel|! Stel) | 0081) tb00] aoa lh cool} saalf Goal) ‘ocall saall> ood tooo =| Si 15 18 1h || || soecccece oso |) XBR
(f January 11) 49) 57) 54! 73) 84) 71) 40) 31) 19) 6) 7] | 6) 4] 12) 31'S. 81 46 BH. | .53)N. 15 EH. | 16) 185
February | 17| 67) 87| 75) 47) 88] 63) 45) 8] 13) 5) 11) 0} 7 2) 12) 32)N. 83 31 E.| .54|N.11 b.| 3 193
March 38/106|139] 94) 38] 70] 47) 31] 20) 20) 9) 7] 1] 15) 7 21) 40) N. 63 13 EB. | .52) North. DL 25
April 58/191|183| 84| 45] 72| 56) 33| 12 20| 2/19) 1] 3) 11] 37| 52) N 52 18 EL |.56|N. 3 W.| .62| 293
24 May 21} 60/114] 90) 72) 68)113) 56) 25) 27) 10 11 4) 12) 5) 20 56) S. 89 59 H.|.48|N. 2 E. | .27) 255
Longitude June 4) 10) 25) 50) 37 133 154 127) 50 30) 7| 16 2) un ay A 16)5. 47 45 .69 |) S. 11 EL | .19) 225
i 10° to July 0} 8} 6) 27) :31)120)216)218) 69; 54) 1, 6 2 Jd) 1 O 8) Sk Bie Wy) Tay, |) AI) |) tS 2 Ei. | .48 | 256
55° W August 0) 2) 2) 16) 20} 96)276)443/279 111) 29) 19) 9} 6! O| 2| 4) S. 20 52 H | .84 8. 20 W.| .54| 438
5 September] 4| 1] 5) 12) 48) 88/141/273|171'138) 26] 14; 5) J+ 0} 2) 6/S. 20 15 EB.) .79) 38. 24 W.)| .51} 312
; October Al WA) 17) 25) 18)102|145\130) 76) 46) 8) 10) 2) 3) 2) 1 81S. 38 OF) .72'S) 7 W.) .29) 207
November] 4) 10] 19) 41] 38/189)165| 97) 18} 2) 1) 4) 6] 0| oO] 2 26) S. 58 28 BE. ].80,S. 55 BE. }.25) 205
December | 14] 34] 41] 44] 53/105/119| 73] 14) 17] 10] 2| 1] 6] 4] 8] 59/S. 68 23 E.| .56|N. 32 E. | .08} 201
| The year! o20|| coal] coll eccl] coal mal a | s00]/ ccoll cecal! coxll coal| coal! ocal| osnll Sk (HO) 7A 186 |} 0B) cho coaecc ... |3005
1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
(No. 25.) Cape Palmas, Liberia, Africa.

Place of
observatio

556 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. ;

(No. 25a.) Central Africa. i
Gondokoro and vicinity, latitude 4° 55’ north, longitude 30° 487 east.
Observed by Lady Baker, from August 1, 1871, to July 7, 1873, during tours extending from
0° to 5° north latitude, and 31° to 33° east longitude.
In reference to the part of Lake Albert N’Yanza, lying between 1 and 2 degrees north latitude,
Sir Samuel Baker says (1864): “ The lake was calm every day till 1 P. M., when a southwest gale
arose, and compelled the canoes to be hauled ashore.”

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

influences.

Place of Time of

Direction of
observation. the year.

resultant. Direction.
|

South.

Ss. W

West.

N. W

Calm or
variable.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

January

| February

March

April

May

June

July
25(a). August

| Gondokoro and September
vicinity. October

November

| December

| Spring

Summer 4

Autumn we, 2a) Be

Winter . 60 30 E.

The) year! ||\(-. || eosegill cna |ieereal | eesti ean fest | erent meceia en OamuC wes.

He
eb
RO

por

Ww: wat pe
wpoourcor bd

PwerPwob
Hooroe
CORPRHPaNS

5 to
* OnRWDS

=
i

bo

. 28°41" E, |).
4 25 W.!.

PRO work:
mor -T10 oo bo

COOH a 09 OS OR OE
AAWAWHNWH:
WHOMmooONao:

a
ostonwstoan-
J

aS)
pan

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 26.) Speke’s Station (near the source of the Nile), Africa.

Observations for 12 months in the years 1861 and 1862 show the following prevailing directions
of the winds in the different months of the year, viz.: January and February N. E., March E. by

N., April variable, May E. by S., June, July and August 8. E., September and October variable,
November and December N. E.

(Nos. 27 to 32.) . Indian Ocean.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 84 years, collected and classified from the

logs of numerous sailing vessels at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT

D Monsoon
PorntTs OF THE COMPASS.

influences,

Time of

Direction of
n. the year.

resultant, Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Calm or var.

E
A

Number of days.

27.
| Longitude
40° to
50° E.

28.
Longitude
50° to
60° E.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring

|g. 51°16’H. |.76 |s. 30geH, |.
S. 604 W.|.
N. 204 E.

N. 38 E.

.

mm

Summer

Autumn
Winter
The year!

4 (oN rh
Dourp: owsosd

x
i omop! once

AANM ANA

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

cin it eileen lanl main tia

—

SID TR IIHS) 1B ZAIN 1B) Asi | LL NM OS MO) HO Ie 557

(Nos. 29 to 32.) Indian Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

_Monsoon
influences,

Place of ob- | Time of the ‘ % ‘ : 2 .' Direction

servation. year. of resultant. Direction.

variable
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Calm or

3 TP BW yy PI
50 12
86 39
30 54
69 12
57 28
50 34
67 35
. 80 24
68 26 |S. 47 56
101) 3 iS. 47 58
Autumn 10, 6 94) 51 o OF SB
Winter 38) 38 Bill) ill) BF oO) ia
The year! |.) ...) wee] 2] sen] cee] cee] eee] cee] see] cee] cee] eee] vee] se] ose] oS. 61 13
Spring 20) 18 b 51} 19 ) E 5 14 28
Summer 8 18 5] 39]) 21) 26 3] 13'S. 7 55
Autumn 14 15) 2: 2 19) 2 b BL WG
Winter A) 45 37| 16 s|N. 29 57
Tne) SEDI! | sco. seal! cel} <o00||. cee!) coal] a00]! coal) Goal] coal! o09|| co0|]. coo!) cool)! ‘con!} Gaol] coaliSo B20 XG

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring

| 35| 30,
49) 46}
12

5

oe
bo
wor

BR:

84
77
/104
52

w:

a Coie :
QOro: Twwo:

Summer
Autumn

{
i
a Winter 111 203
a
l
[
!
l

i io bo! :
AnD AAA nA
anmtn win wtA

: wh

The year! | ...| ...
31 Spring 6 11
a Summer 7 5

Longitude

32.
Longitude
95° to
105° E.

AAs An

crreasaceaaeaaaahas

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 33.) Singapore.*
Computed from observations made during the months of June and July, 1843, as follows :—
North 2, N. H. 12, Hast 2, S. EH. 54, South 37, S. W. 76, West 9, N. W. 29, Calm 1.
Direction of resultant S. 19° 21’ W. (?)
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .47.

(Nos. 34 to 41.) China Sea, Celebes Sea and Pacific Ocean.
From observations for an aggregate period of nearly-seven years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

N. W.

Calm or yar.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days,

N.

. 87°50 E.

4
27
22
76

Spring

34, China Sea, Summer

a 4 Autumn
longitude 105° to 110° E. Winter

The year!

AAT TA th
we
lore lo}
wo

i
co
I~

35. Celebes Sea, nt S
longitude 110° to 120° B, f | Summer
Spring

36. Celebes Sea, Autumn
longitude 110° to 130° E. Winter
The year!

W.
WwW
E
E
Ww.
E
E
W
W

aria

Ge
1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

* Observations made at Rafile’s Light show the following prevailing directions of the wind for the several
months of the year, viz.: January N. E., February N. E., March N. E., April N, N. E., May S. 5. W., JuneS.,
July $8. 5. W., August S. S. W., September 8. W., October W. 5S. W., November N , December N. E.

598 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 37 to 41.) Celebes Sea and Pacific Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

Direction
of resultant.

variable.
to sum of winds.

Calm or
Number of days.

Ratio of resultant

AT. Celebes Sea, 1
longitude 120° to 125° EK. f
38. Pacific Ocean, 1
longitude 130° to 135° E. f
39. Pacific Ocean,
longitude 125° to 140° E. \
40. Pacific Ocean, \| Spring
longitude 130° to 150° E. f | Autumn
+1. Pacific Ocean, 1] wint
longitude 135° to 150° E. f aaceE

Summer | ‘ 6 8 | 2'7| B/S. 14° 24’) W.

Winter 85| 2: 2) 2 | 3 | 2 .10 54 W.|.

59 E.

4 E.
49 E.

25 E.

Summer

wpow ow

bo eu

ea

Addendum to Zone 18.

Observations on the Indian Ocean, calculated at the Meteorological Institute of the Netherlands,
under Capt. Cornelissen’s direction.

Time of the Between Between Between Between Calm or
year. N. and E, | E. and 8. S. and W. | N. and W. | variable,
f Spring 21 18 31 24 8
5 % j Summer 0 20 60 18 2
Between’ 07 and 907 E. Autumn 9 12 47 30 | 2
| Winter 51 11 15 21 2
| Spring 14 17 37 22 10
aye abn Summer 6 18 53 15 8
Between 90° and 100° E. Aa tam 10 17 5 27 6
Winter 28 11 17 33 11

SIBIN IIS Wo ZAM INI WY, MAYES OF ANO BH So 559

SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE.

ZONES 19 TO 36.

Norr.—In classifying the winds of the Southern Hemisphere the months of March, April and
May have been designated Spring; June, July and August, Summer; September, October and
November, Autumn; and December, January and February, Winter. On the maps the same
notation and order have been preserved; the first season, Spring, being marked 1; Summer, 8;
Autumn, A; and Winter, W.

ZONE No. 19.
LatitupE 0° to 5° SoutH.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made
at 4 regular stations on land, for an aggregate period of 24 years 7 months; at
sea for about 73 years 8 months. ‘The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. eee Aggregate length of time.
Pacific Ocean, ett eae nearly 36 years.
Atlantic Ocean, Blas over 26 years.
East Indies, 4 24 years 7 months.
Indian Ocean, anes 11 years 3 months.
(Nos. 1 to 19.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 31 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Monsoon
POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation. year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

Save
Ratio of resultant

Calm or var.

Ss. W
W.N. W.
N. W.

influences.

Number of days.

- 60° 46/ E.
88
53.
45
82
67
62
69
66
86

wo | ih. N. E.

bor co

1 Spring
Summer
Autumn

oc | East,

Peau

| aaunmagumys

Longitude
WHO 7
Be aon ; Winter
ie The year! goal) 1626
) Spring 68) 59
Summer 32/ 88
Autumn 40 157
| Winter | 86177
| The year! 26 coll occ

oo bo
tai

lr)

Zn

Longitude
170° to
175° W.

- fan p
; PRWOS: Pow.

2 SIOSOS: OfO-~T
7 o2oooc: POH
* ONTOO!: TWaTw

> BR

560 | WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 3 to 15.) Pacific Ocean.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the

observation. year. Direction.

W.S. W.
W.N. W.
Ww
N. N. W
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

N.

}

°

Reb 4

- 67°52!

&

0

H
ord aoe}

(| Spring
| | Summer
{ | Autumn
L

ooco
roscoe
AMRNIA

iS)

°ARO
ae 2 | Winter
/ * (| The year!
4 | Spring
Summer
| Autumn
' Winter
The year!
(| Spring
| Summer
' Autumn
| Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
| Winter
' The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Longitude }
160° to
165° W.

SCwoR: CONF,
Soon: Coo
Noo-at! COPpH
coow:
ts .
aoost! wooo
wook! anoa
OB

> owonw:
etl

RoOCW:

5. |
Longitude
155° to

160° W.

Has? His

aooo
oooo:
poow:
soos:
moos:
Sues
fo obleneteni- 5

=
S

q'

6.
Longitude
150° to

155° W.

ie
Longitude
140° to
150° W.

Prep:
op pow:

Hoow: sooo:
Ke

beat:
Dawe:
RATOF:
oooo:
Soon:
NOOM:
woow:
Bee

hey

: SOmeo: ooow:
bed bd et bed ad bt bt bt ad ad at bt ft bt et

to hot

Sooo: Socio:
rer)

cocow:
coco:
lee]
Aer
> ep
> Fae

8.
Longitude
135° to

140° W.

2A PomA wen mn em

peel : : :
LoNOH! coow! asoF?

> 5 5 > Oo :
AANDANDA NDA AM MMM inninA ANAM IAM nin AAA

Owosso: owoo}
e2eoc0: sooo!
oooo: osco:
So00: coco: coow:
ecco: coco:
eoooo: oooo:

ecooo:
ooco:
mn

sooo os

225/131
ial aly
46) 54
208/154

9.
Longitude
130° to
135° W.

ie)

nNOS:

coos! coow! woo-t!
HS bo He So

soco:
ie
> a) e 7)
ft bt dd fd ft Et bt bt dt ddd td bat nt bt FE

eosco:
oooso:

1 oooo:
= ooo°o:

bo
ono

109) 63
13] 45
18) 57
98176

10.
Longitude
125° to

130° W.

woro:

oooo:
ooco:

aqoodre
a

a

82) 70
75/133
57\116

116}221

Wie
Longitude
120° to

125° W.

i coooo! cooo: cocd}
DANA ANNA wAwNy

- DHOoon:
PLO Ono. OOo

Sooo

Mision
ooo Toco iSiciocmr

> oooo:
oronk
: oo

12.
Longitude
115° to

120° W.

7| 30
9) 63/220
144/346

Spring
Summer
Winter

Ap th

56171
82/132
36) 95
2)124 352

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

13.
Longitude
110° to
115° W.

aia eaNet TS VeMS)
Swoon Won

wath tn th ch

14.
Longitude
105° to

ZL0° W.

=

rooow ows

35 181
63 285
164 314

Spring
Summer
Winter

oo-t
nn th

49/292
89 239
69 280
3} 56 349

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

15.
Longitude
100° to |
105° W.

: oocw oon
tooco
HERR BS BSS pbb

poh we th on

S) 1D We

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERRE SPB teZiO NE 9. TeAUE. 02 05° S- 561

(Nos. 16 to 19.) Pacific Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Points

Le Monsoon
OF THE COMPASS.

influences,

Place of Time of the

Direction of
observation. year.

resultant, | Direction.

North.
N. N. E.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,
Number of days.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

33| 142 2]
19/1 21 10
8/150 15
Sou 24

39° 47/
3 21
0

49
54
40
36
52
32
23
47
57
46
57
37
17
39

8

2

57

| 57/485) 88/129
49|201! 93] 51
34/265 84] 56|
82/459|179|122

Con: ooow
BADIA Mma

pei é
BROoOOR: oc¢

ooow:

| 43/362] 71) 24
| 41/165 29|
12|293/149| 87
32/380) 85| 26

oooo: oooo: oooSo

me:
ler

83|613/197 106
39/173 262 152
25|325/119|152!|
28|237|116|145

674 W.|.1:
83h W.|.

feted dt bd dt tt dd dd
Anne wznns

oR ae Si coocico
PATA TR EA TA Th Tn tA TR EA rT Tn ta OA tn th Ln tA

7 wooo: wooo:

' oooo:
8 Faas
» OwWaT

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 20 to 33.) Atlantie Ocean.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 14 years, collected and classified from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE or WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT PorntTs Monsoon
OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place of Time of

; 0 Direction of
- f observation. | the year.

resultant.

Direction.

Calm or var.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Number of days.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year’
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

4

oo
ooor

PRNRRAD HAA

ts) bd dd Eat a ft td

1 oooc:

long.
to 39° W

|

L

{

|

3? {

|

a

| Spring
Beeeuat. |.) SPrns?
B°to 5°S., Summer
long 350° Autumn
to 39° W Winter

i:

|

t

|

J

{

|

|

alt

The year!

bs tt fe bt ef

24, Lat.

3° to 5°S8.
long. 35°
to 36° Ww.

25. Lat.
atO3° Ss.
long. 32°
to 36° W

~t)

Spring

Spring 9) 13); 2 2'5. 13

Summer b } | 0 | 5. 37

Winter : | 0} O} O} 0} O} 0} . 49 46
SHANG) S7EERE || call aoe) Gaa}) Jecel|! ol) ccolll Gcoll/eceel) ecoe||!edecll acl) eal) ueco|| ecedl| toca) coed] coultsis esp KN)

E

E. | .9

Autumn j Oh Oh 0 IS. OL 29 E.?| .9%
BE:
E

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons. Nos. 22 and 24 combined.

71 June, 1875.

562 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 26 to 33.) Atlantic Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

5 Monsoon
THE COMPASS.

influences.

Place of Time of

0 Diiection
observation. the year.

of resultant. Dé:rection.

N. W.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

N. W.
N. N. W.
Calm or
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

W.

Spring 3] 6 05) 32
Summer ) | 2 | 26
| Autumn | 0 5 5 28
Winter } 3} 12) 16 88) 19
MUNG ps7 ted terol cecil! tool] sooth coall cealh call “oon
Spring 5 b 3) 14¢ | 76
| Summer 0) 51/262) 55
Autumn 3} De 65)
Winter B 3] 12 3 88
The year! | ...) ...] ... ccol|iceslp ced
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
| Summer
3 Autumn
long. yy. || Winter
The year!

{| 52° 54’ E,
vail
(|
|
l|
U
fi}
| |
4 |
|
U|
f
|
|
L

30. Lat. . {| Spring
|
|
oN
{
|
‘|
“Il
[
{
|
“rill
{
|
v |
“||
IL

. 47 43
. 54 50
- 53 51
52 16
58 22
AT 57
47 49
AT 21
50 1
39 10
39 19
38

57

38

7

15

24

35

56

5 16
ol

16

37

55

26. Lat.
3° to 5°S
long. 32
toroo | Ws

GF

eoosco
oosco

A

Lat.
oP. {0 5°S
long. 30°
to 35° W.

ta or tn

> oorc:

.

36
62
96111
3/145 136
{

.

28. Lat.
Ieato uses
| long. 29°
to 32° W.

aia

oacoo:
wp

98 34
92| 50
116|115
207| 71

29. Lat.
Seto es)

top tole nol : lS oo
Boed’ gghe’ shbs

awon:
mower: poo
AMOW: WRs5

676 159
31 676234
36|782|234
'851|372

: ha G35
oP Rw:

5 a Summer
Tong 25° Autumn
to 30° W Winter
The year! | «-.} ...| s+] eee] 202] cee] coe] eee
Spring | 12, 2 3 456/157

QOrRBR!: CHOF:

31. Lat.
0° to 5°S.,
long. 20°
to 25° W

Summer ° 31| 97/613)198
Autumn | 9} 86)319)2
Winter 406
The year! | --:] .--| ese] s22| coe] oe] vee
Spring 2) | 8 133
Summer 2) 0 | 4} 20 )141)
Autumn j
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

— b
> . Ore
Ee) Et ah bet ad at ft Et dt td tt dd fd bd dd td nd dt

HHO! aorR! oooH! COOH! Sonam
moot! COO0' GooH

ooow:

5 orb oso:

32. Lat.
Ooo mises
long. 15°
to 20° W

~

1 ROOF:

33. Lat.
OUtowe ss.
long. Bae

to 11°

are

|

PANRRAAARAD MANA TAM ATA In ath nt tnt th tA ca tn tA

2a mney mos mmm min

Hb
SOO Om oioioio:

Ha i—

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 34 to 42.) Indian Ocean, longitude 39° to 110° east.
From observations, for an aggregate period of over 12 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE CoMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Place of Time of

H Direction of
} observation. the year,

resultant,

Direction.

to sum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or —

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
36. Summer
Long. 45° / | Autumn
to 55° E. Winter
The year!

30° 46/ E
7 4E.
32 «9 Ee
. 67 52
41 41
35 46
43 34
29 37
. 68 38
15 44 E.

toma
> bo bo

RAT TA A A TTA A

DiBRoH
<<
for)

yes
ROS geass

Nworn:
>a
lor)

AnmM wnmm

ad
tt
e

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SIS GILIBS 135 YAO INT 1B), WAS OS UNO Bes sie 5638

(Nos. 37 to 42.) Indian Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS,

Monsoon
influences.

Place of Time of the

Direction of
observation. year.

resultant.

|
|
|

Direction,

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

E
a
a

North.
N.

4
ROO

-)

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
40. Summer
Long. 85° | | Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer 68) 27
Autumn 69) 33
Winter 2 98) 40
UNnGY S7Sene tI) Gael|) eeen cool eeail loss Be [ oop te oe nobel peal eee ll Pace
pene ; 79) 3) 77) 29
ummer 7 Hy) US}
Autumn 22} 3} 56 50
t : Winter ¢ | 58, 29]
The year! | ... cea||’ cecal soa|l \ adel seal] cee | ecallaedl| BSq)) cool lltpoe!h aba

37 » 10°52! W.) .
21 3&2.
13 14 E.
. 26 41 W.!.
8 34 EH. |.
. 43 26 W.??| AS
15 23 E.

> ho
| oa) or)
Pwow
poo
Poflesiles
ahs

wet

44hn' gen’

ny wun

mpeg? ors

ae

Doohbwhy:

fs OUST COCO !s

W.| .5%
W.|
E.
E. | .38 |
W.| .23 |

: wb 7
: SJeHoe:
[OS
eK Oo:

nA

F
A

Gs)
w

H He
waoonw:

120} :

87| 56

8
oO St

ANIA BAMA mamma

: S 3: BOR a bys) : pool awe
DANNNNNNNARD'ANAANANRN AMAR TAA DA 2D

wgmendadagga aed:

? Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 43 to 46.) East Indies.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Banjarmassin, Borneo, by Messrs. J. Wolff, Schob, C. Helfrich and M. A. De Vogel, from 1850
to 1858 inclusive.
Padang, Sumatra, by E. Lange, from January, 1850, to ApriJ, 1853, inclusive.
Palembang, Sumatra, by Messrs. J. Van Leer, Bosmans, A. Bierwirth, H. A. Lange and Muse-

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF aa
THE COMPASS. ‘ £y
Ae
| | | | ee
9 Ad
Place of Time of ; F 4 : : -|_=| Direction of |4 3
Beni arion ae nosis 3g i A A ally ei . = i 2 ail 2 Se resultant. os
S(2)Alz(slalelals|a|e|@|3| =| 2| age . =i
. : 5 y = eal lre -le +=

| 2) 2| 2 Ala Al|alala)ula/Fle| el al alo 5

Spring 13| 22\2292| 1\327| 0 /150| 24! 40| 8 |238| 0130| 2 | 95 | v/s. 79° 97H. | .2
43 Summer B) 10 234 1/200] 1 | 65) 2| 35) 5 917) 51159| 9 |134) 0) 4/N. 4 30 W.| .48
Dagken Autumn 17| 1/169} 0/257) 1 | 75) 0) 51) 1 j211) 0/164) 1 \142) 0) 2)S. 44 17 E. | .20
S- Winter 40| 1'7|216) 16/3866] 6 | 69) 2) 30) 3 220) 10/212) 3 |124 | 1)N. 65 18 EB. | .11
Phe year! | ...t | cet coe| cel cee] see ee] assy aee| coe) oee{ ae] ase] ase) eee] aoe | N82 2 E. 07
| Spring 65 za Boek G4l eet D Glas sn 4a tees 21) ...141) ... 107| ...\164'N. 27 43 EH. | .13
44, Summer TA) pool EPA) Goo AAIGIP Bae IETIO)) coal! GRAY coll 24) coe 12! “all 1} .../150/S. 83 2 EB. | .62
Palem- | Autumn 13] ...| 49) ...|341 .--|148} .../138) ...] 42) ...] 90) ...| 36] ...(L75|S. 59 16 BE. | .38
bang. iwWanter. | 44) ©..) 13]... i...) 11)... 25) .-.)) aa .-. (462) .../122) ...|157/S. 79) 20 W.| .64
| The year! | ... sel Se hee AY Ni ce Naa Wega ies +. Bol heen 7 ae oa .. |S. 87 55 E. 23

! Computed from the

resultants for the seasons.

564

(Nos. 45 and 46.)

Place of
observation.

Time of the
year.

WINDS

East Indies.— Continued.

OF

THE GLOBE.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

THE COMPAS

Ss.

W.S. W.

variable.

W.N. W.
Calm or

Direction of
resultant,

Southwestern
Sumatra.

46.

Banjarmassin.

January
February
March
April
| May
June
| July
| August
| September
October
November |
December |
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November |
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year

ma) 7 :
HSN ROOHPNHATH

ra
~I

1160
| BStese
34!...|
100}...
125}...|
80}...|
32]...
stellen
28}...
bi licco
20)...
36)...
59!...|
305]...
98}...
Biles | 2
116)...
592)...

2 z =e Sw
BOPP WOSSHSOSOHOOK

| 373|
18)2097
|) Aare

WHEaADOoOoorNowHoNnNH

| 366)...
-| 445)...

| a 2034 ...

a ae b =
SNSSScoooCOoORHOOSORG

262 10)
993 15|

271\...|
242)...|
134]...|
69)...
63)...
76|...
Sloe
81)...
150)...
184)...

217)...
415...
957)...

1678] ...

orob
Pow

qooooocrosco
To
on

ooo
aT bo oat

75
65
73
171
154
j177
158
660
0

0

0
3

Pod
1 AWE ONFROOHMBRNOOHH

eh)

BROorowooorccoosS

N. 81°13’ E.
S. 89 29 E.
IS. &8 27 E.

East.

cA tA TA cn A

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

IN. 70 2 W.|.2:

Monsoon
influences,

Direction.

4] N. 673°R. |.

S. 89 E.
8. 33} E.
N.76 W.|.

(No. 47.)

From observations collected and classified, from the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the

United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Time of the
year.

1 Padang and Palembang combined.

Indian Ocean, longitude 110° to 125° east.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

THE COMPASS.

}

variable,

Calm or

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

Monsoon

influences,

Direction.

Number of days.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

. 48° 20/ KE,
4 E.
2 E.
6 W.
2 22 EK.

AnD

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SID IR IIS 161 AO IIR WO, IA, OO MN) BH 5 565

(No. 48.) Amboina, Spice Islands.
Computed from observations made by Messrs. M. A. Schmitz and Hartefield, during the years
1850 to 1854 inclusive.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of the Direction of Ratio of

year. N.E. or S. E. or S.W.or | Calm resultant. resultant

North.| betw’n betw’n betw’n : or va- to sum of
N. & E. 5S. & E. S.&W. riable. winds.

January afont |} - 34 | 10]
February 104 37
March 53
April 6 56
May 29

June 34
July J 6
August y 4
September ‘ 24
October 42
November 67
December , : 115
Spring 138 N. 69°41/E. ~
Summer dt . 84 51 E.

Autumn fs 133 | - 45 19 E.

Winter d 186 . 38 24 W.
The year ; 2 501 » 75 15 BE.

(Nos. 49 to 54.) Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180°.
From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 5 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
influences.

THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. | the year. Direction.

to sum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

Calm or

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Autumn
| Winter

Spring
| Summer
The year!

Autumn
| Winter

Or:
we
ne

et
owmnko

Spring 13
Summer ‘ e | 27
Autumn 4 j | 72) 28
Winter 11} 19
Remy ATG cee lites} os! tecs|| sell ees
Spring 21; 2)
Summer | 72 37|
Autumn | 66| 20)
| Winter | 51| 22
Wine. s7GEye! || ceel|) Gaol) Geel! ooal|so0n) | ecb

5
10
3 |
9

|
‘
j
|
|
t
j
|
1
|

=A

AC eae
0 12
2 7
29 41

2 eb Oo
- CrON: OCHA
+ Ww-aIa:

Anna wznuns
' dabig

De

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

566 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Addendum to Zone 19. i
Observations on the Indian Ocean, calculated at the Meteorological Institute of the Netherlands,
under Capt. Cornelissen’s direction.

Between Between Between Between
N. and E. E. and 8. S. and W. | W. and N.

Spring 27
Summer y 12
Autumn 31
Winter 34
Spring y : 28
Summer p 28
Autumn 2 28
Winter 36

55. Between 80° and 90° E

56. Between 90° and 100° E.

ZONE No. 20..

: LATITUDE 5° To 10° Souts.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
4 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 9 years 10 months; and at sea
for over 60 years 6 months. The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. ateier Aggregate length of time.
Pacific Ocean, Doane over 19 years 6 months
Atlantic Ocean, rete over 15 years.
Ascension Island, 1 2 years.
Indian Ocean, Ae di over 26 years.
East Indies 3 7 years 10 months.
(Nos. 1 to 14.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 1534 years, collected and alassifed from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation, the year. Direction.

variable.
to sum of winds.

Calm or
Ratio of resultant

South.
S.S.
Number of days.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

ile
Longitude
165° to
180° W.

He
10

sto os
DA NIA

wpocrH

: Ow
par

Aeon:

jhe

Eco!
A

H
>

S196! Swe
a a tn

160° to
165° W

i=)

—

<i
ZunyA zanna wnnZ

f
| |
L
peice |
“i
|
4
|
=

i Hooo! coco}

i opoo:

sw
: 0

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIE SB eZ, ON Blea On PAU) Si) OM 10S Si 567

(Nos. 4 to 14.) Pacific Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFTERENT POINTS OF

Monsoon
THE COMPASS,

influences.

Place of Time of the

i j j j Direction of
obgervation. year. q a

resultant. Direction.

N.N.

South.

S. W.

West.

W.N. W.

WN. N. W.

Calm or
variable.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

3

| W.S. W.
N.

\

=

2 Ne
WA! omwp

25

8
32
3} 25

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

i

bo
el SS)

. 15° 10/ E. |.
. 73 43.2?) .
80 46
63 44
73 «8
86 39
80

- 76
81
88

. 85
55
72
88
77
55
55
51
49
53
55 2
41
45
52
48 §
51 !
- d1

wom

ewo-t
ooow
RASS
woes

ER ow
Hoon
WIA

oooo
wm

ra

41

16
Ye)
43

“~.

ecoow: woos
Hi

sooo:
coco:
osoo:
ooco:
aoosc:
a

De
SCooR! WOoWw:

ecoom
wooan:

4G
10
45

wo:

HOOO: AIwwre:
eS

WNWiA Manin win in

aw)
oowo:
SISISIOEMOlololom
oocso:
oaoo:

33
53
38
48

oscoo
oococo:
sea 5
oooo:
oooo:
eooo: osoo:
oooo:
oooo:

ISOS: SOSOSCOS:

66)
55
84|2
110)2:

ofooc: osoo: oooo:

oooo:

oocoow: oooa:
ae

aBSoo-1:

ooocc:

oecooo:

oooo:

oooco:

wooo:

AMMA MinAy

earn

a
1 SoWwom*

1 Owo-t:

180
352/939
363/728
161738

AN ANANNANAANANM MMMM MAAR Ana AAA

THORS: CHONW! WOSDO!: CORDS: WOOF:
TA th A A

* Oo9000: oooc°0:
1 OOWn: COSOOCSo:
1 COWS! COOS: COoOSCS: CGOwso:
5 I) 9
> Conoco:
S

> oooc:

:oooco:
oe

too

1 oooco:
2 Oooo:
: oooo:

Summer 18/167
Autumn Sa) 7)

tet ef ed ft ed bt bd bd dt fd fd bt tt bd dt fd bt ddd at

~~

218
119
16

Spring
Winter
The year

oow
ooc

Dh
Sibi

63
16

Summer
Autumn

==)
oo
==)
oo
sis

220
214
173
154)

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

ocos
ooco

176
299
106
267

ae) game ae

lea]

ARNANANANANNNR NN

i cooo! sooo
i moor!
i ococ00! coco
i coco}

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 15 to 25.) Atlantic Ocean, longitude 15° to 36° west.
From observations for an aggregate period of over 12 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

568 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 15 to 25.) Atlantic Ocean.— Continued. :

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS,

Direction of |

Place of
resultant.

observation.

Direction.
ea
vA)

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

Calm or

bo

4]
32
21
17

» 47°27 E.?)
41 11 E.?|.
82 58 E.?).
79 17
62 45
52 19
40 23
27

9

55

23

3 22
6

46

13

59

18

45

2

38
30
34
52

12

| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

| The year!
Spring
Summer

{
?
|
|
4
1 Autumn
Wiuter
The year!
|
if
s|
|
L
{
|
a
|
l
|
L
|
Ji
|
L
a
Wi
L

1s, Late
H 5° to 10°S.
long. 35°
to 36° W.

SNR
eros
osor

>: Ne
> sTor-T po

&
ts

99
28
45
38

16. Lat.
5° to 7°S
long. 34°
to 36° W.

oorw: oooo

HosSo
woosc:
ote

3/112
89
58
53

17. Lat.
7° to 9°S
long. 33°
to 35° W.

woow:

HOoo-T:

Sooo om cio
eoeco: osoosc: osooo
wWwron:

54)227/231|498
31 21) 81'145/404
3) 79 140|165|489
78 215|226)558

| 44) 60
8} 46| 43
3| 45] 66
35) 142

18. Lat.
5° to 10°S
long. 30°
to 35° W.

RWoDS:
Coron:
oooo:
ocow:

oreoo
! OReH Go:
1 oOro,w:

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

19. Lat.
5° to 7° S.
long. 31°
to 34° W

~

COOK! wee:
oooco
coor:

Bb evereyeyh
oeooo

31| 68
29| 62
47| 44
52/102

20. Lat.
Toto 9cis,
long. 31°
to 33° W.

~~

SOSH! C900! HHH! soon:

onoo:

HOOF:

teooo! woos:
eooo:
oooco

| 27| 57
14| 76
29| 69
42/117

ee)

21. Lat.
5° to 7°S.

ooo:

long. 29°
to 31° W

SO oOo ols

oocw:

oooo

ooco:

ocow:

soso:
> OoO090: oooco: sooo:
Se

or

28) 66
18) 81
28) 77
j| 41) 98

—

22. Lat.
Te to9's
long. 29°
to 31° W.

Zum wnt wane any mami wm main writ

ocoro:
oooo:
oooo:
oooo:

§8)151]
115/609
/108/621
73/564

23. Lat.
5° to10°S
long. 25°
to 30° W.

woow: SSO:

RANAANNNDANNANNANANNNANNNNNNNANNNNNNNNNNANNNNNNNNNNNNNMNN

opOow! oooSo:
Homes:
Hate o:
Khoo’

el hr — i)
Db ev Sieyoyd eyreneveisn

| 43/532
| 78/500
S| 44/505
23) 27/418

24, Lat.
5° to10°S.
long. 20°
to 25° W.

ooc:

wowa:
DowrH:

U

RA tn oe

21/685
| 29/330
31/296
17/409

25. Lat. [
5° to 10°S.,
L

DAAA MNAA nanny

long. 15°
to 20° W.

* SCOPRB: SOOOF:

i eet:

Eek Bd dd bet ed ed ad tt ft bd bt Et dd tad ed ft bt bt bd dad dt bk dad dt td Et dt

wR bp?

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SB TIS 1. ZAIN IT BO. IWAN WPS HO AV @) Oe S- 569

(No. 26.) Ascension isiand.

Computed from observations made by Mr. MeSorley, under the direction of Capt. Kitchen,
during the years 1854 and 1855

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT Porinys or THE COMPASS. a influences,

Time of the
year.

Direction of
resultant,

Direction,

E. or be-
tween N. & E.
East.

S. E. or be-
tween S, & E.
S. W. or be-
tween 8S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

N.

January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

ss (Sieo\(=) (=) (=) =)
rbpwo Bb woop wr b

« 27° 44/7.
. 4 21 E.
poe dl 1B
a liietoml.

= 28 20) Ls

eo

wy)
ewe ~1 ©

ped

(Nos. 27 and 28.) Atlantic Ocean, longitude 15° west to 13° east.

From observations for an aggregate period of over one year, collected and classificd, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent. ;

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
TH COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the)

observation year Direction.

variable,
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,
Number of days.

North,
Calm or

>
is
5)

oe
~I
bo co 9

|

27. Lat. eens. r
5°tol10°S.,

_

long. 10° Autumn
to 15° W.

28. Lat.

5°to10°S., |

long.

Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn

on is 6
=

0
= 0 ©
PaTSo OO 09 0 09

1]

ae
28 51 W.?) .7

eec0: soso

10 33 W.??| .59
G 7 AWS

10° W. || Winter
to 13° EK. [| The year!

ATA nh wh TA ta tA
rs

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

72 June, 1875.

570 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
(Nos. 30 to 42.) Indian Ocean. ;
From observations for an aggregate period of over 16 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT 5 Monsoon
PoINntTs OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation. the year. Direction.

W.
N. N. W.
Calm or var
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Spring H )103 127
| Summer 0 2) |216 190;
| Autumn j QE 3} 0} 20) |
Winter 7/108 s| 12] 53] 9) 17
AMR Vey a e923 1 asn!| cool) cool! cael! col), cao
| Spring 0 203 35
Summer 4) 9 249 119
Long. Autumn g b
to na Winter
The year!
Spring
ne 50° Summer
to oo Winter
Spring
Wiuter

e

eRe Or
ho

ho

Hrw | 8.8. W.
5.
na
co

+ como
we wi

cr 0

ry
Ph Tai a A aA tA A

bo

“ISrHO:

bo x
6 wo He ct
on Be:
Ioa18:

bo

25 Pr lell lel cletaletslel

Sag nob:

oH POW:

he Q
ine Ow woo:
Bn AR

Autumn -
The year!

io

So
So ile>|
eS

ise

Summer

| Spring
Winter

t=)
22

Spring
Sammer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
9. Sumuiner
Long. 85° Autumn
to90° E. || Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Long. 90° Autumn
Winter
The year!
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer j 2) 2 ji 3146 178
Autumn | 2: Z| 18) 94) 94184 2 23)
Winter 37) | 4 8] 25 2! 24) 90 3/110}
MOINS aye S55] soni aca] aol! ose sal Sel | 8 | a 25

bo

m1
> ONO WO
mmro Pe
Aw i
b

ra
H

WH:
Homo: mmwo erp
=
es)
oowe:

tH te
+ woomom:
PARA AABAZ 2m.

.

Sc o} c mI C >
P4RSP pagers gee

ho
A A

Op-t:
mis

a
Dore

PRADA nnn inin itn in tain AE

Paes
Anny

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 20. LAT. 5° TO 10° S. 571

(Nos. 43 to 45(a).) Java, East Indies.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Banjoewangi, by J. J. Lindgreen, J. H. Bruijnis, P. A. Bol, H. M. Schwanefeld and Doctors
HK. H. H. Mulert and Mogk, from January, 1850, to June, 1852; from January Ist to November
8th ; and from December 15th to 31st, 1856; and from July to December, 1857, all inclusive.

Batavia, hourly, for the years 1866, 1867 and 1868, by seven Javanese, assistants of Mr. Bergsma,
director of the Magnetic and Meteorological Observatory at Batavia.

Buitenzorg, during the years 1852, 1853 and 1854.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT PoInTs OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Place and Time of the
kind of year.
observations.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Calm or
to sum of winds.

variable,
Ratio of resultant

tween §, & E.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

S. W. or be-
tween S.& W.

S. E. or be-

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?

ea

|

1

|

Wigan

Spring

| Summer
if

ran
S
<5
oO
or
-

43.
Buitenzorg.

Autumn 9/1011
Winter 31) 758
HUNG) SATE || cca 4) “odo. |} cea | 050. fe ace
January 79) 391
February 6 | 265
March 5) 343)
April | 363
May ~ é c 4) 381
June 4) 414
July 31] 404
45 ee . ig 0} 445 a
es eptember
Southern Java.! Octover d 446) |
November i 294} 408
December 5 91 |
Spring 162 540) 1087, b dit) . | 30
Summer 93 168/1020)1262 . 16 tc |) oll
Autumn 56 41 1264 7 pb 118} » | 66
Winter 222) 53 1047 b . | 43
The year? | 533 348)/3364/4660/16 6 ce > U3} . | .48

Meee nil

' Two preceding numbers combined. 2 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

The mean direction and intensity of the wind is given, by Mr. Bergsma, as follows :—

]
January | N. 87° W. | 64 | May . 6 Bees September) N. 21° E.
45(a). February | N. 83 W. | .61 | June z Peles October |N. 3 E.
Batavia. March N. 27 W. | .14 | July > Bk ae November 8. 62 W.
April N. 85 E. | .11 | August 25 shied, | aaa S. 85 W.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

on
=

(Nos. 46 to 55.) Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180°.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 4 years, collected and classified, from the logs

of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt.
M. F. Maury, superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT = Monsoon
Points OF THE COMPASS. a a influences. =
£2 a
| | i S FAIS S
THE Gis omelon | .| 2 | wirection of | = S
observation. | the year. ai] a] i dj ise = E Ee 5 resultant. ‘Sg | Directicn. 3 Py
c= z 4 el et eh ey elele || os é a
E/BIS|4)alalalal/s/al/e} 23 Pla &g =e £| &
2|\2|z2/S/Ala|alalalad|al/elEl/elala 6s me & | &
Spring | 7] 4| 13) 21 44] 29| 29/11’ 9| 2 8] + 26/19] 8] ¢ 14ls. 79° 47'H. |.22 | N. 213ew.1.13 |) Bam
: | Summer | 4{ 0} 2! 7 57] 41/104, 19 5| 5 17] 1° 2| of 1) 6 2/8. 55 32 HB. |.79 |S. 55 B 149 | Bo
Long. 10° Autumn 6] 0] 10, 15, 38) 29) 46) 14. 9} 2 5) 0) 16) 5] 8) 1 GIS. 64 47 HE. }.49 |S. 80 B18 | 70 -
| | Winter 7] 4) 4) 5,12) 7/13! 5 7 6G ‘7 11) 35] 11) 19] 7 5IN. 89 50 W.|.24 | N. 71 W154 )eoe
(| The year! aallactstives| Sole sve isos] vera] eeal) oslf cal) Sel aes [see] Se Ae A er 297 |
Spring 0} 0} 4) 0] 19] % 18} 10 10; 1, 5] 4 15] 2] 4) 5] 8S. 27 51 E. |.30 |S. 60 EB Oa s\iege
Summer 1} 3! 9] 15! 76] 80121) 87 33] 5 9] 1] 4] 1) 2] oO} 8|S. 54 45 &./.75 |S. 72 E. [53 | 13yuE
fieae, 11574 Autumn 9} 3) 3] 6} 25] 26] 41) 19) 37] 12 12) 8, 15) 1) 15] 4! 12/8.°381 4 B |.40 |S. 46 EF, j.14 | 81
iI Winter 15} 3] 5; 2] 3) 2) GI 7 4 10) 29] Is] GO| 22) 32] 15) 16/N. 83 33 W.|.53 | N. 63 W-lo7 pee
The year! | cc] Gee] ses] <c-] eee[ ta nel een] teed oon Beal eellitee || pe oealineea eee Bt Seen ei | 339 |
Long "20 | Autumn | 14| 1] 15] 9) 33] 0} 39) 6] 27| 3) 15) 16} 14] 5] 8! 0] 2/8. 42 9 &. |.25 |S. 583 F, | 1Seyeeme
|i Winter 23] 11] 13; 8] 10] 0} 10) 12] 20) 5] 36] 35] $4] 4i] G4] 26] 14|/N. 76 55 W.|.49 | N. 6S W.1.53 | 137
(| Spring 8} 3] 12) 5] 11) 2] 26) 13} 5] 7 17] 15) 15) 2) 20] 9) 13/8. 38 6 W.|.11 | N. 89 W.!.08 Gm
ono || Summer | 11) 0) 6) G! 52] Ie) 87 18) 16) 4) 4) 4) 0) 4) G| 0} 23/8. 56 37 EB. |.60 |S. 63g B. |.54h) 86)
ie i 20°) Autumn | 19] 1] 31} 12) 36] 12) 57] 13) 43) 6) 22| 15] 36] 14/ 18] 5) 53/8. 28 16 E. |.16}|S. 49 E. 09) /aoim
= || Winter | 65, 26) 27) 11) 12} 1] 14} 14} 23] 8/ 61] 47/136) $7,107] 48] 30/N. 65 48 W.|.51 | N. 58 W./.56 | 240)
iD Gea ey ol | es) Piece lees fees] fleoeb || occ eeecl 68) h coallisccall’ en|| Mccall cell) Gasi| coe}! caolf cee (Sky Wy IS}: TEE, LCR) B08 i
Long. “35° Autumn 5] 0] 16) 3| 3) 12) 18] 7 16 3) 7] 5] 22) 9) 10] 5] 30/8. 2 15 W.|.22 |S. 2 W.d2 oye
Winter | 42! 16] 14) 3) 2/ 1) 4) 2) 3] 3] 25) 12] 55) 4%) 43) 22] 16/N. 53 49 W.|.57 | N. 48 W.|.63k) 10a
Sa: “is: Autumn 0} 1) 6] 12; 1) 6) G4 26) 11) 4 22) 6| 6) 21) 3] 0} 28/8. 17 58 EK. |.41 |S. 45 E. 1.16 | 7am
Winter 0| 3] 0] 3} 3] 14 18} Oj] 1] Oj 18] 8] 19/11) 37] ©] O|S. 89 13 W.|.32 |N.89 Walee2
Long. Sel Autumn | 0] 0] 18] 6{ 25] 16] 45] 0] 3] 5] 6) 0] 4] Oo] o| oO} 13/S. 66 26 E.|.60 |S. 502 7, |.35 | aon
, {| Spring 11] 7 28] 10] 19} 8] 5/ 0} 1) 6| 1/10) 8| 2| of 2] S/N. 56 10 E.|.37 |N. 7 FE |. 220aaam
Long. 145 Summer o| 4] 9) 11] 23) 36}34} 91 yf Oo] G1) oF 3] 4 Oo} 11'S. G6 32 E. |:63 |S) 52) en son
The year! [eer ecesal| seey esse eeyeesal ewe oe S. 86 19 E. |.28 iaseuee 340
Long. sie Winter | 25| 2/ 15) 8| 9| 11 of 3] cl o| 9] 9] 6] 45| 6| 7 4|N.18 15 W.l|.32 | N.50 W./.50
berg ae) Autnmn | 4] 2| 13] 3) 50/ 15] 6| 1] 4! o| 2] o| 1) Oo} oj] 8] 9|N. 81 50 E, |.64 | N. 73) Homme

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Addendum to Zone No. 20.
Observations on the Indian Ocean, calculated at the Meteorological Institute of the Nether-

lands, under Captain Cornelissen’s direction. -

Between Between Between Between Calm,
N. and E. E. and 8. S. and W. | W. and N.

Spring 16 46 14

5 Summer 12 72 ¢ 5
55(a). Between 80° and 90° E. Mabou 31 57 rh

Winter 6 25 28
Spring 12 52 19
* Summer 11 72 | ose
55(b). Between 90° and 100° E. pers 7 77 7

Winter 8 33 23

=
Oh ROT Who

i

SERIES B.

Coast or BRAZIL.

(Nos. 56 to 58.)

LOW B21.

WATE, LO? WO He By.

Or
+)
(J)

Supplementary Zome.*
LATITUDE 9° To 11° Sout.

Atlantic Ocean, longitude 29° to 37° west.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 2 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of

Capt. M. F. Ey Superintendent

Place of ob-
servation.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS oF

THE COMPASS.

Monsoon

Time of the
year,

N. N. BE

North.

Direction

of resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or

influences.

Number of days.

Ps. oi ‘ cde

Longitude

BT. 4
{
|
IL
(
|
l

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

oeoos: ooort

* Oooo: eee! oooo

i opmo:

SROs

Sone:

to eteoate:

58 0 E.?) .8
78 47 E.?).
50 E.?) .
25 i.
59
51
15
24

* OOo

Si SofaW bp
ADNAN mint tnt

Hoo:

. 67° 4/E. | .79 |S. 45° w.|.

ZONE No. 24.

LatitupE 10° to 15° Sourtn.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
2 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 2 years 8 months; at sca for

over 54 years.

The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. BrNorOhe Aggregate length of time.
Pacific Ocean, nearly 16 years.
‘ Atlantic Ocean, Renior over 17 years.
South America, 1 4 months.
Indian Ocean, ease over 21 years.
Australia, 1 2 years 4 months.

* This form of presenting these observations—in a supplementary zone—was necessitated by their having been
presented in groups extending both north and south of the parallel of 10° south latitude.

~ oy

574 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 1 to 3.) Pacific Ocean, longitude 170° to 180° W.

From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 2 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days,

Calm or var.

a
coe
150° o
Re

z]
ii oi Spring 29| 6) 5 3 1é | . 77
seria = | i |

Summer | c | | | | 0) S. 42° 37/E.
Winter 5 5 | 2 (i

Autumn 7| 2 Ship 15 3. 74
The year! |es-c| ssl) ceu|) eer meu | Preset one | beer] eeee| esol tees feel) eeal| feel ecel| eon eee ONT

Summer 3| 5 8} | 23'S. 59
Winter ; S| } 3 5| 6 | S. 83

eaeieae
1752°to!
170° W.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 4.) Pago-pago, Navigators Islands.

Computed from observations made from January 11th to October 12th inclusive (date and name
of observer not preserved).

; Ratio of
Time of ‘ Direction of resultant Number
the year. 5205 bith 5. W. . W. resultant. to sum of of days.
winds,

9° 32/W.9?
34 E.?
58

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August

0

September
October
Spring
Summer
Autumn!
Winter
The year?

SOMrRFOCANAWLh
SESE EEE!
Bo iseire fo)ed 5 Fo) -0l=

H

re ori
=
so

MopwmowoWrRrontwe

iw}

SOWMWOWHONHE HOS
TIA TATA TA ID TA EP TATA A eo

264

1 If we combine these with observations made by Wilkes for 55 days at Tutuila, the direction of the resultant
becomes S. 60° 28/ E., and its ratio to the sum of the winds, 68.
£ Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 21. LAT. 10° TO 15° §. 575

(Nos. 5 to 13.) Pacific Ocean, longitude 76° to 170° west.
From observations for an aggregate period of over 7 years, collected and classified, from the

logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
gpk M. F. vey, Io tion

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

Monsoon
e THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or

influences,

Number of days,

5 , Spring
L it a Summer
| AOS Autumn

170° to a
Winter
165° W. | The year!

~ Wl 397 We! .
51 36 Ei.
- 82 15 bs.
89 19 E.
77 E.

rt
ara)

foe
ek
PRALA

| Autumn

R

Spring
Summer
Winter
The year!

22 ve

|

Autumn

Z
A

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
, : Winter
°
Boe W. The year!
Spring
ll. Summer
Longitude Re nn
| °
Bey Winter
x The year!
12 Spring
ae Sumnier
Longitude perma
a - Winter
: The year!
13 Spring
Longitude pene
fo}
oe ao Winter
i The year!

(SUTo oi yi=)
oo oO
He Ore’
SS ebin

cw:

scowrRo:
is
HX

“1090 0
Zany 2nny

sie
wo
wISk

'Oosco0: sooo: POSS:
on
3

p=
wow

esooo: porw:
ie)
mB OO

i soos! oan
boo : 36
PR hAZan AZZ AZZ

id
H= CO

BOOP: Cvnoso:
osooo
LSSISIor

wo

oO

S58
Bene mann

bh
oo ww Ww

[J<)
ee
Keb Ed bet bet Gd Cet Et kd dd dt ed a tt tt

* OOO: SOOO0:

* oOo900: oS090: SOoSscOo:

PISO ool
A Slee 5

1 woow:
WS co ab
eer

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 14.) Callao, Peru, South America

Computed from observations made by Commodore Wilkes, for 61 days, in the summer of 1839
and 1840, combined with those made by Charles Darwin, for 64 days, in April, June and July, 1844
as follows :—

Spring.—North 16, between south and east 138, south 22, between north and west 2

Direction of resultant, S. 43° 16’ B.??
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .76.
Number of days, 30.
Summer.—North 98, between north and east 18, east 86, between south and east 1039, south 4554,
between south and west 1933, west 80, between north and west 158. Calm or variable, 258.
Direction of resultant S. 24° 30’ H.?
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .51.
Number of days, 95.

?

570 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 15 to 29.) Atlantic Ocean. Fr
From observations for an aggregate period of over 17 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of

Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

i
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT a Monsoon
PoINTS OF THE COMPASS. aa influences, = 4
a Fe he |
Place of | Time of the 5 t . | © | Direction of | £3 oy.
observation year, ich 3] ej 6 S = = B resultant. |‘S¢ | Direction. , ta
als | oe | cs aljelalelealelela 28 s) ad
£|4/A A 3) | A | ui | Se fiat | Ee eee it es = =O 5 |
Z2/2/2/8/AlalalalalalajElEl|elaleajs ae &| &
15. | Spring 7 15| 38] 48| 91| 52/114! 18| 241 6 1] of of of 3| 3 68. 75°37/H. | .72| N. 463°W.].07 ia
Lat. 10° (| Summer 0; 0} 9} 13] 67] 84/138] 51) 42) 0] 1/ o| oO 0} 0} 0 6S. 50 8 E.|.79|S. 27 W.l.31 | agi
to15°S., 4| Autamn | 6 16| 59] 74/102] 43) 63) 35| 20] 7| 6] 1) 1] 0) 0| 0) 23'S. 83 45 B.|.71)N.16 W.).15 oe
long. 35° || winter 5, 12] 34) 63] 65] 38] 49) 4)‘ 0] 0} oO] Oo} 0] Of oO] 0| 2N. 87 4 H. | .83)| N. 162 B. | 280 iGiee
to 39° W. (| The year | ...| o.) onc] we] a] on veo] ete] sse[ sual see ose] ceo] ove] vee|S. 73 49 EL | 073 (0. er
16. (| Spring 1} Qj 12} 20] 28] 21) 42) 1} 1) ©} Oo} Oo} 0} OF 1] O} 458. 78 8 H.?].81)N. 38 E.On eee
Lat. 13° Summer 0} 0} 6] 6] 13] 28} 39] 9] 13] 2) of of 1] of o} oO} O|S. 54 13 E.?|.82|S. 27 W126 | aon
to15°S., 3 | Autumn 0} 1] 15) 5} 26] 18) 22} 18! 1] 0] 5] O} Oo} Oo} oO} O| 1,8. 68 38 E.2|.74]S. 52 W.l.O7 lage
long. 35° | | Winter 0| 3! 16] 39| 28] 24' 20; 2} of o| of} Oo} oj oO} Oo] Oo} O'N.S8 4 K.?|.86]N. 24 ©. |.27 | 4a
to 39? W. (| The-year! | ... esd leees naey ae =| esba| [escne| || roallecssltetesol i coal onal) caiiish “ES Sw 19R | afi secesseee o | ane | 168]
17. (| Spring 0} | 5) 28) 37/ 47| 50] 14) 3] 0) oO} oO} Oo] O| Of 0/168 63 5 HE. |.85]/S. 112 W.).11 | ome
Lat. 11° | | Sammer 0} 3) 2) 6] 17) 39] 64) 12) 5] 0] of OF O} Of} O| 0} OS. 57 50 E.?) .89|S. 72 WS gee
to 13° S., 4) Autumn 1) 1] 10) 45] 14) 29] 24) 20] 0} 1) 1) 0} G| of oO} 1| 15S. 79 27 E2|.78)N. 42 Wilde 19 |
long. 34° | | Winter 1) 2] 18) 38} 44) 44] 59] 6] Oo! 0} of 0} 0] OF 1] 0} OS. 79 23 EL} .84) N. 20 Bday
to 38° W. [| The year' | ... Beh celled, a Fforest sell) alll Sl! ZaSSR6 On SNES .|/283)| een 236 |
18. Spring 4| 0| 6) 35] 59] 64) 81) 15) 5] 9) 4 0} 0} 0} 0} 9,8. 66 38 BE. |.79)S. 48 W.).07 jiaGm
Lat. 13° Summer 0} 1] 4| 16] 31| 63] 79) 15) 3] oO] ©] 6} O| Oo} 0} Of 1/S. G2 38 BH. | .89)/S. 4) Ol ap it
to 15° S., 4 | Autumn 2) 20) 13] 36] 34) 74) 43] 18] 6] 0} ©] O| 1] oO] oO} 2) O|8. 79 5 EB. | .77 |). 84 Wa? 3
long. 32° || Win er 0| 5] 13) 30] 44] 63] 54} 8} 0] Oo] oO 0| Oo} 0] o| 2|S. 76 19 E.|.S6|N. 45 ©. 07am
to 35° W Db etayeantls hoa eeel| tress plier D PENS Se: FH leoal Veccalecrolliso ge be ee PR MMe a0 id |
19. Spring 8} 3] 3] 26] 58] 34) 39] 22; 4) oO; 1] 0} 0] 0} O| oO} 4,8. 74 17 EB. | 78) N.
Lat. 11° Summer 0} 0} 2) 7 10| 58] 69} 19] 4) 0} ©] 0} 0} Oo} O| 0} 0/8. 55 16 E. | 92/5.
to 13° S., J | Autumn 2] 8] 4] 26] 31] 58] 43} 19] Oo} oO] o} 0] Oo} Oo} Oo] o| OS. 72 30 E.| 84) N.
long. 32° Winter 1) 6) 8 33) 27) 51) 76) 1) 0} O O 0} O; Oo} 0} OS. 73 32 E. | 86) N.
$0°34° Wr ||; Phe-year! lh acd| iz] sestiecsietscd ees] ieee] see ased tee ee eet | ela ete ee hare alee
20. Spring 0} 1] 2) 12] 26) 43| 79] 25) 1) oO] of Oo} oO] of oO} oO} OS. 57 51 B. | 90/8.
Lat. 11° Summer 0} 0) 0} 7| 17) 65) 77) 54) 0 Q} of 0] OF 0} O} 6} O}S. 51 25-E. | 92'S:
to 13° 5., Autumn 0) 0} 0} 22) 27) 48110] 20) 6] ©] oO] 0] oO} OF 0} O| O/S. 57 39 B. | .90)S:
long. 29° Winter Q} 0} 3) 24) 54) 56) 81) 11) 0 6] 1] O} Oo] 0} OF OO} O|S. 67 48 EL} .90)N.
to 32° W- [| The year’ | ... Fell eer tes || Meal eo Mcballicccalliec-ol|) co sscke Esl TOE || ey
21. (| Spring 0} 1) 2| 12) 26) 43) 79| 25] 1) 0, oj] 0} oO] Oo} 0} O| O}S. 70 5 E.?) 86] N.
Lat. 13° || Summer | 0} 0} 0) 7 17] 65) 77| 54 0] 0} oO] o| 0} 0} OS. 56 19 E. | .90) 8.
to15°S., J) Autumn 0} 0} 0} 22] 27] 48\110| 20) 6} o| of 0} o| o| Oo] oO} O}S. 71 14 Bb. | 84/5.
long. 29° | | Winter 0} 0} 3] 24] 54] 5G] 81] 11| 0] of 1) Of o| Oo O] O OS. 80 52 B | .87)N.
OBR Wo (UMN yee || Sal) sll es |) Gall chs Fs erg ieae| a eee nS TE) es SO 691 27) enh Gy leer
22. (| Spring 24] 19] 65|154/319|206/380| 75] 58} 15] 18] 3] 5| 6| 8| 4) 24'S. 70 19 EB. | .74] N.
# Lat. 10° | | Summer 8| 8] 23] 24/100/129)408/178] 55] 10} 1} 6] oO] Oo} O| Oo} 7S. 48 OF. | .85)8.
to 15°'S., 4| Autumn | 18] 32] 72] 90/204/158/320| 40] 57/ 5| 1/ 0} 0 2] 1 7| 6S. 71 27 H. | .76|N.
long. 30° Winter 15) 21] 61/142/307|271/395) 30) 27] ©] oO} 1) 1, O| 60) 1) 2S. 73 32 BE. | .84) N-
to 35° W. The year! | ...| ... Silt call cecil ol] cor] ccell eof ose ore cos ese ten |) eee OO. O20 A780 ieee
2B, (| Spring 7| 2] 16) 14) 56] 62/159) 14] 7 1) ©; ©} Oo; 1} 1) O} 1/8. 62 51 E. | .84)N.
Lat. 10° | | Summer 9} ©} 2) 11) 67/108)312| GO| 18] 12] 1] 0) 0) ©} 0] Oo} 5S. 50 39 H. | OL) S:
to 15° S., J) Autumn 3] 3] 11) 26) 76|144/488) 49] 22) 2) 7 0] Oo} 0] 0] O| 2S. 53 5 EB | .90)58.
long. 25° | | Winter 4; 1) 6} 20) 68)181\279| 6) 1) 0] Oo} O} OO} O} O} 0} OS. 6O 6 E. | .92)N.
to 30° W. [| The year! 2|| secs liseeel| eel eset sco)} cca)’ eel| noe SH sa cee| (Se DONGe Beal eoo
24. |
Lat. 10° Spring 0} ©} 0} Oj 21) 23/116) 8] 6] Oo} oO} 0] Of} O} Of Oj} 1)S. 50 59 BF. | .94|)N
to15°S., '| Summer | 0} 3] 1] 24} 41/169) 23) 1) 3] oO] 0] 0] Oo] oO] 0} 3/8. 50 39 B. | .93/N
long. 20° Autumn 0; 0} 0} 6) 15) 54/185) 44) 10) 0) 0] 0] 0} O| O} O| OS. 47 44 B. | .95 $s
to 25° W. |
us
ii "120 {| Winter 0} 0} 0} 5} 33) 46/300] 25] 2] Q| o} 0] oO} O| oj 0] O|S. 48 148./.98|/S. 3 E06
} Long. 15 Tl 1 a. Ow
to 25° W. NB acl etl Goal| fasai eco) Mecalleccl|ecas|| ace!” fad S31 erect esas te ena lleree prs G0) ail 186 tee cenee os
26. Spring 0} 0} 3} 6] 34] 42/258] 12] 2! oO} 3] 0] oO! O} Of. 0! O}S. 51 59 BE.
| Long. 15° Summer 0} 0) 3} 4/ 11) 24/151) 29] 2) Oo} oO} 0) 0 Oo} 1) 1) 2S. 48 11.
to 20? W. } | Autumn 0} 0} 2) 1) 15] 12/138] 8) 2] 1) Oo} 0] Oo} 0] oO] O| O}S. 49 59.m.
Spring |. 0} 1) 6] 25] 59\686] 38] 12] 2] 3! 3] oO} Oo} Oo} Of 2S. 46-9 BE.
27. f Summer 0} 2) 3) 6G) 9) 36/320) 30) 82) SB) 7 4) 0) 0) 0) 0) DiSi450 Sir
Long. 10° 4 | Autumn a) 0} O} 2] 7] 33/283] 16] 2) oO] oO] 0} O of Oo} O OS. 47 2E.
to 15° W. || Winter 0} O} 3} 1| 23] 48/521! 52) 6] oO} Oo] 0} oO; Of O| O 5S. 46 18 E.
UT The; searl ected la dlc ills eel a eileen esl Pees ca Tou:
(| Spring 0} - 0} 3! 1} 10} 19/409} 54) 5] oO} 1) 0} OF O} Of} 3 3S. 44 17 E.
28. | | Summer ol 2) 4 2) gi 12: 94 32) 3) 2) 2! O 0 OO} Oo} 0} OS. 44 525.
Long. 5° 4) Autumn 0} 0} 2! Oj 18] 11/196] 31/ 6) Oo] 1] 0; © O| O| O OS. 45 26 E.
to 10? W. | Winter 0} 0} 2) 3] 3] 24/265] 70) G| 1] 1) O © QQ O| O 2S. 42 20.
| Phe year! | a} ...| veel cos eee] ses] se weal Sollee oel oa festa cee] race eealloes| Bare Oman
29, Spring 0} 0} 6] 3] 8] Oj 24] 16) 15) 5] 6) 5) G 1 1] O} O|8. 21 4 EP
Thongs Summer Oh 0) LO) 0) 4 TS Ge SSG jee 2 (Ui 3 0/8. 6 14E.??
5° W Autumn 0} 0} 2) 1) 0} Oj 21) 8/17] 9) 13) 3) 4 1) OF 0} OS. 8 OW.?
to 13° E l Winter | 0/ 0) 0} 0] of 0 24} a] of o| of 0 Of 0} oO} 0] O/8. 45 O Bre
SAU aeibyetsrc el Wall collec I cccslh oa | es : oo Lilie e: | «.[S. 18 52 E.?

! Computed fiom the resultants for the seasons.

jd} es LIBS) 15 | YAO INI Bis IW) AVI, TOS WO) iWbo Se O17

(Nos. 30 to 38.) Indian Ocean.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 11 years, collected and classified from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of

Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE

: Monsoon
OMPASS,

Place of Time of

Direction of
observation. the year.

resultant. Direction,

to sum of winds

Calm or var.

North.
Ratio of resultant

influences.

Number of days.

Spring
BIUE Summer
Long. 40° } | Autumn
to 45° E. Winter
The year!

33° 45/ E.
32 11
- 16 12
. 30 31
42 57
13 46
22 50

—~ >
> OO

He co CS OO
rs
IS

iw)
Zaina

Q ~~)
D - ©
int ita TA wath

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

50
19

oA :
1 Oe eB t
i mm ao

5 CS :
coo Pea -
Ze) Uae

10
22
39
26
29) 93
12) 69

Spring
Summer

B
ata

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
_ Spring
37. Summer
Long. 90°? Autumn
to 95° BE. | Winter
The year!
| Spring
38. Summer
Long. 90° 4 | Autumn
to 100° HE. Winter
The year!

bporp oo
wpoow ow:
mMOrHO SoS:

seus :
Bs NONF ww:

74,174) 5

135/185
59/123
| 99/135

Sore!
pboww: wooo co:

—

to ;
i: Boon:

rf

100 209
72)231
95/186
71\151

ann wnt anny

Fe 8
NIGchwom:
re :
nm pow:

0114 202
49
1:22!
642

how — bo"

=

bo

: Swear: B
ADANANDOAL NANDA MII Innit ininw win

39)

| 33
| 29,103! 30
31) 49} 133

CONW: CaOWhN: AMP? wawao:

mS why?

PERSE SSS SSS Se ee seth

> TI0SCOF:
> TOR W:

(No. 39.) Northern Australia.
Observed at Somerset, Cape York, for 28 months, in the years 1865, 1866 and 1867.

RELATIVE PREVALENOE OF WINDS FROM THE _Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

W.

Direction
of

b
&

Time of

the year. resultant. Direction.

E. or be-

tween N. & E
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

North.

South

S. W. or be-

tween S, & W.

West.

tween N.

Calm or
variable.

N.

| N. W. or be

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year.

D>

or

on
Aware Ss

SSWROSCOOCOSONWAN
Saeah

BWOTONWOHOCCOCOHGAO-~1

oo

rary
RPTNONKFRERHOCOCOCOCOOCOFRFRN
MWWONOWOSDSCSOCSHRHE NH
rt
WNWNASWRMORPYNNNHREH rE
ray
BPOrRNNWOORCHEEORHRNH
HPOrPoNnNnNoroosdoorrHww

a
if
aed
Les)
oO

73. June, 1875.

578

Place of
observation.

(Nos. 40 to 45.)

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180°.

From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 7 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Time of the)
year

Direction of
resultant.

to sum of winds.

variable
Ratio of resultant

N. N. W.

Calm or

Monsoon
influences.

Direction,

Number of days.

40.
Long. 105°
to 110° E.

41.
Long. 110°
to 115° BE.

Long. 115°
to 120° E.

43.
Long. 120°
to 130° E.

44,
Long. 150
to 175° E,

45.
Long. 175°
E. to 180°.

| 91
60! 63
114
24

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
DWE SEER) meal Gael] cass) Goel!) call ceel) see
Spring i | QO} 6] 19] 22
Summer : 6) 13/105 105/129
Autumn 5 6| |1'75]
Winter 5 | By 22,
The year! |
Spring
Summer
Autumn
| Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

09.85 00 <T

3] 33
163)
23 145/363}

2) 5/107

: mmost:

|! :
OaTWo-

b: :
(Sy erg

. OW Ket
ire

i opp:

HS)

i beware
bo
NSS

39
58 106

Bop et

1| 25
ll 0
68 91)

opr:

on

36 126

| =

RAR ARANDA MARANA AD nn AA

ZAnA AZNny zosan wzuny
* Sate :

L

ANnA Mn

nearly 50 years. ‘The distribution is as follows:—

? Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ZONE No. 22.

LatitubE 15° to 20° Soutu.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
8 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 11 years 1 month; at sea for

No. of P

Where observed. Stations. Aggregate length of time.
Pacific Ocean, ar about 10 years 6 months.
South America, 2 8 months.
Atlantic Ocean, afte. 22 years 6 months.
St. Helena, 1 5 years
Mozambique Channel and Madagascar, 2 1 year.
Indian Ocean, eae over 15 years 6 months.
Australia, 1 1 year 2 months.
Islands of the Pacific, 2 3 years 3 months.

ee At te

i=
=
OQ ey
ory
=I
a

oF
°

a)

Place of

observation, year.

SERIES B. ZONE 22. LAT. 15° TO 20° S. 579

(No. 1.) Feejee Islands, Pacific Ocean.

Computed from observations made under the direction of Commodore Wilkes, for 26 days, in
spring, and 67 in summer, about the year 1840, as follows :—

Spring.—North 50, between north and east 10, east 31, between south and east 353, south 43,
S. W. 3, west 3, N. W. 30, calm or variable 101.

Direction of resultant S. 50° 29’ H.??

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .54.

Summer.—North 23, between north and east 62, east 186, between south and east 820, south
120, between south and west 101, west 28, between north and west 89, calm or variable 179.

Direction of resultant S. 44° 33/ H.?

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .57.

(Nos. 2 to 6.) Pacific Ccean, longitude 150° to 180° W.
From observations for an aggregate period of 6 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS Monsoon

OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Time of the
resultant,

Direction.

~ We
Ratio of resultant

Ww.N

N. N. W.

Calm or
variable.
to sum of winds.

influences.

Number of days.

4.

j Longitude

160° to
165° W.

5.

oN Ot tn en et

=
S38
™|

AZRARNANPARNANRNAM MAD

jl | N
Spring | 2 4145} 78) 65
Summer | 54107
Autumn |11e 3 69/113 169
Winter 12 | | 61)
The year! | . cce|] odal! “gon|) sabe!) eco
Spring | 29
Summer 37
Autumn 53
Winter | 30)
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year! | ... pea Wes iiss
Spring | 67 160
Summer j| 11 41
Autumn : 3} 18 84
Winter : | 92) 44 97
Wie ya || cool} deol): ccel| canh eed

a or}
iS
AA

a)
be
=

;
=
one

a

MESS:
HoOow

Sd ad

S PorBb: sawWow:

ewwo:
So
Ee.

31
15

a

cone
1 ODN SG:
Tes)

45
5
| 50 126
23 116

Door:

39
15)
12
18 21

SP bat at tb

is

ANnA Annwz wan

brow:

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(No. 7.) Tahiti, Society Islands.
Observed during the years 1858, 1859 and 1860.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF ;
THE COMPASS. : A
Ratio of

Monsoon influences,

Direction of result’nt

Time of the Ss. E. Ss. Ww. | N. W. resultant. tosum of

year.

a

or bet. or bet. or bet, winds. Direction.
S.&E. South. Ss WwW. West. N&W. irection

48
&
Eis

Force.

January
February

March
April
May
June
July
August

September
October

November
December

Spring

Summer
Autumn

- Winter

The year

an
NODDY NPH ROR NCD

RNA NDHOHMBWHOR®;
TROWN BOAT =~T0 | &
BRADIDHDIGPONOD

N. 30)°W.
S. 10} EB.
N.25 5. |
N. 5 W.

ee

H
“10

a
FPOOREORDOUNONNOO

LOTTE OR NPWNWNWOaARD”

ope
oot

SCOMSKFCORAIAIWNOOFHSS

bo
J eTHp

a

$F SWONWONRWNAMHONHH

iS.)

580 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 8 to 13.) Pacific Ocean, longitude 70° to 150° west.
From observations for an aggregate period of 34 years, collected and classified, from the logs
of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt.
M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Place of Time of the
observation year.

|

(| Spring 3| : 89) 34
Summer lee ee 17
Autumn alee 3

| Winter : 3} 43] 1é 27
Mhekyear24 | ee rerdlne eegl| ce
Spring | 52
Summer | §)) 21

. | Autumn ‘ 9 26! 16
Winter 32} 20) 66 16
UNG yeh FG Sei eral |) peal ccoll) csd|) «cos

| Spring b 11
Summer 33) 36 254 407|660|2
Autumn 2 3 46) 45
Wiuter 3] 3] j 45/119
BUC aE WET! canetth casi! carol) Gen{|| cao||! Goo)! oon

Spring 2| 0 2) 10/144

Summer i 8| 66

Winter 31/202

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

N. N. W.
variable.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or
* Number of days.

0

=

- 89°33!
56 21
41
34
5
10
49
29
40
2 49
26
50
14
23
45
33
37
18

Doe
NORD

1 wnwos: Coopo:

9.
Longitude
120° to

145° W.

Awa Ain

10.
Longitude
} 85° to

be bd Eat bt bt dad fed ft bt bt od

A2Aarn

i=)

i=)
Pn Minin AA

bo tt

Autumn 24) & ] 57 EH?) .§
The year? | «..| ...| .2.)) = ia eel seca] cota ely RNS SU ea oallb ESTE Pa ea SS 9 AO NaS Be

Spring 2) 44) 40 } | S. 56 E. | .81/| 5. +13
| Summer : 35| 56| 33 3 |S. 22 4 E. | .84/S. .|.27
| Winter | | 4; 18} 12 3 |S. 40 55, HE. / .88) 5. . |.02

' Including Wilkes’ observations at Society Islands. Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 14 and 15.) Bolivia, South America.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Cochahamba, during eight months of the year 1852.
Lake Titicaca.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFEREN’ POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

|

Place of Time of

Direction of
observation, the year.

resultant.

variable.
atio of resultant
to sum of winds

North.
N. E or be-
tween N. & E.
East.
S.
tween S. & E.
South.
s. W. or be-
tween S. & W. |
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

|

14, Lake Titicaca. The year
January

Northwest.

February
March
April
June

July
August
September
Spring

pop:

= :
> OO mp:

aye
ora 6
a
=
Hm bobo BW -~1b

. 68°49/ E.
7 18 3 E:
Summer | . 20 52 E.

Winter | . 62 56 EB.
l| The year! a | peti lllwcee | Sose|| Pace. Wiccocta\ cro. teeta pees . 47 10 E.

ee e
RAGE RP WORBATO:

Pe
Sowwbh bb:

e :
ONPPRPNOGA Wr:

HHOSHOSOOHSS: | west.

wSoOoanronsocoeo:
SCorrHoSoSCOSoHS
ROONoODROSCOSCSO:

bo
rss

|
15. Cochahamba.
i

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Sa —.

.

Capt. M. F'. Maury, Superintendent.

Place of

f observation.

16.
Tat. 17°
i IDSs
long. 36°

18.

§ Lat. 15°

to 20° 5.,
long. 35°
to 39° W.

(Nos. 16 to 29.)

SERIES B.

ZONE 22.

Ti PAG a5 2

TO 20°

Atlantic Ocean, longitude 5° to 39° west.

S.

581

From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 19 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of

Time of
the year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Summer
Autumn

Spring
Winter
The year!

Summer
Autumn

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Points
OF THE Compass.

Calm or var.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resu tant

Mousoon

influences.

to sum of winds,

Direction, |
i

Number of days.

2 TS 3
»s GoOotsTs WNWNOG:

r—

140
90
85
30
30
26
26
57

80

70)

46
138
141
157
178
18

31
30

180
146

78

398

53/439

69|

3/192

16
9

752.113

74
56
88

30
30

19}

15

bo:
oo wh:

osow:

SCHrHOw: OSHS:

‘: r= 2
‘ owwe:

= . .
Soow: eoooo: coor:

8 me
* OP MOH:

tesook! coos

Ccwrwr:

CNH:

Sowec: coow:

fo SCYCURIS SICIS Cie

owHSo:

oooo: ooow:
ooco:

HEBD:

Socom: OCOF:

oocr:

tj‘ rHonNnw: onoo:

Se eaypea 3 4 :
HOoOOS! COOOW: waatw: OOOO: moon

1S OSHH: cono:

Woo:

an
Hepo

ouro:

bo:
i!

PRRARPAARARAARELARAZRAM AANA ANN AMNANDRAD A Ann MANNA A Am |

67

. 88

55
87
78
66
77

79° 10/

53
57
52
25
48
16
41
15

0
53

leo

Ek SS ed tad bet edd dd fad fat fh tt tt dd to tt

ae

fet et bed bd ed att tet ket bd ed dd ed Ed ft bt ft td ttt dt

2am gonm om

lg. 40° w.|.

S.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

on

oon o
Oro w

Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Place of

(No. 30.

Observed during the years 1855 to 1859 inclusive

Time of
the year.

WINDS OF

THE GLOBE.

St. Helena, Atlantic Ocean.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

variable.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Direction.

Monsoon
influences.

January
February
March
April

May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

(Nos. 31 and 32.)

f=)

Ore PNR OOrFOWHOFS

iw)

BRTAONWWWHENWNNNNHEH

CONNNOHOHHROHRHOH

OSCNNNOOFRFRHOF)DS

. 23° 14/ E.
. 23 53 E.
5. 21 2 E.

3. 26 42 FE.

5. 23 41 EH.

Atlantic Ocean, longitude 5° west to 124° east.

. 30° W
.15 W.

S. 184 W.
. 634 E.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 34 years, collected and classified from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of

Time of

obserya- the year.

tion.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

i | oi

Calm or

variable.

Direction of

resultant.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

et ee
to 20°S
long. 0°
to BS Ww.

ae Ae
to 20° S.
long. 0°
to 123° E.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

(
[
| Spring

86/1037
489

=
38

33] 439)
183

14)
98)

208)

90
178)

9)
ils)
30

93 42

18 1

5
19

> OHO:

i oom
RNANNNNNNMNM

. 44° 24/ B.

38
40
39
40 ;
42
25
34
35

. 34

Mama mnt |

(Nos. 33 to 36.)

' Computed from the res

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

Mozambique Channel and Madagascar.

At sea, for an aggregate period of 196 days, collected and classified at the United States Naval

Observatory.
Tamatav, Madagascar, during the months of August, September and October.

preserved.

Date not

Tananarivou, Madagascar, during the months of January, February and March, 1829.

Number of days.

SERIES B. ZONE 22. LAT. 15° TO 20° §. 583

(Nos. 33 to 36.) Mozambique Channel and Madagascar.— Continued.

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS oF
THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

Direction of

resultant, Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

North.
East
variable,

W.N. W
N. W.

Calm or

H

Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

January
ison. | February
U

he aa

ArHRH
pen
bHwo
bo
oe
os =
Hes o
bor
_Sbwo

March
August
September
October
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

IQs:

TWP OMWHOoOrH wD:
" OOm:

g :
Boos:

Ty

Bwwrmonwo: pworw

es

3 aR RT : f
DANNNNAN AA DIA tn tA

~I

hoa

to
i Raooopoon-t:

[AR ROONDOOCDW:

fae
: ob

=
oS

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 37 to 46.) Indian Ocean, longitude 50° to 120° east.
From observations, for an aggregate period of nearly 154 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. RE ALEYS paperniendent:

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS,

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of the
| observation. year.

1B,

Direction.

North.

N.N.

West.

N. W.

Calm or

variable.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,
Number of days.

49° 5 5o/

. €8° W.|.22
53

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Sammer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The yeari

Longitude

|

|

|

. =
. 50° to
|

Ae oS oO
oH Se

65° E.

ey Se)
Bt at Ow)
moor

2 38.
Longitude
65° to
70° E

HOM Ww:
NWoOOWw:
bo ob E
wero bh: bbw
opp To:
BeOrRrH

09/252
\265
8213

165

: seater
~ eleslesiis

70° to
75° E

NID bw:
HORS: SCopnR:
QHoOo:
Wh Ps BEOoOm:

> POO Oe
mown:
AZAnns

5/261
209
1230
290

40.
Longitude
75° to
80° E.

Anna
wo:
Nag

a 8) u

RR eH aT aon oa
QeENo: HNNnww:
OWon:
e 9
moe:

: woop:
boi sop:

236
180
179
[381

39.
Longitude

}

|

|

{

41.
Longitude
80° to
85° EB.

42,

} Longitude
85° to
90° E.

tle

room: Cmts:
Ewoo:

ANAARAAANAARAR AANA AAA TA Th AAA

Aun

oH
aeen :
HHOo:
TORR
me Hoo:
i poor:

* bo

\147
64
(108
8/328

wow:
anwow:

;wwoo:

anon:

oo) Ter = 19 or ¢ 7 29 to ony
Bee amen a cccd cuvocusecccces

121
35
76
36 271

| 43.

| Longitude
| 90° to

{ 100° E.

54 30 E.
OA Sok.

wannn wane

> 4eoo

ost ot os ee eer Oooo ees OOS SSS

PT BROSO: aHOt: woow:

bP rHoOoow:
i rono:
+ worHo:

soe

|

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons,

ee
=

584 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 44 to 46.) Indian Ocean.—Continued. | -
a a AE ET SE EF 2 SS
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF a Monsoon 5
THE COMPASS. es influences, ai
Ff é
ip | | | = a Direction of RS S
lg i o : $ = irecti SS
gieaeconan ihaneee a|A =) Mel lhaey [ail oe S El} = : = S| resultant. 38 Direction. | s
g/el#)ela/alslalS/ale|| 3] 2/2] 4 ee =: Ee
Zlazle\a/alealalalelalalele|ele| ale fa a | &
44, (| Spring 2 1/11) 9] 65] 32} 74] 20] 11! of 3] 0] of of 3] o| 6/8. 64°12/H. |.80 |W. 56° HR. |.36 | 79
ae raat | | Summer oe EUs 4 60) 33) 51} 23) 22; 2) 4) 2) 3 1| 2) 2) 1S. 56 41 EB. |.72 | N. 50 E. |.23 73
108° to }| Autumn 3 0; 3) 0; 4 1) 62) 22) 23) 2) 11) 2 6 0; 2) O} O|S. 24 25 E. |.71 |S. 48 W.).16 47
110° E Winter 0 0} 6, O} 8 11) 26) 27) 56) 33) 24; 5) 4) 0 Of OF OS. 3 36 E. |.79 |S. 57 W.).44 65
z | The year! | ... ... Pea|| eco|) cco) atl onsl|) Geol!) Geol) cal), crcl! cop|| ayl|| coo|l| cod] ean|) cag Bye il De Gh) FusbegeRes «- | 264
45 (| Spring 1 3) 16, 13) 68) 62)118} 42) 48) 20/ 27) 5) 15) 8 2) 3) 12S. 43 11 E. |.64 | N. 58 E. }.18 | 155
Ton itua Summer 4 0) 9 12) 84) 63/141) 41) 21) 8 13) 3 0} 4 5| 4 5/S. 54 40 E. |.74 | N. 674 E. |.363! 139
110° to. 7; Autamn | 3 0] 3. 5] 12) 19/106) 78) 68| 22; 21] 4| 9) 2 | o| 3IS. 22 16 E.|.76 |S. 4} m |.14 | 119
115° E Winter 0 1) 4 0] 12) 5) 42) 46/107) 93/103] 34] 25, 3] 4]. 2] 28/S. 16 52 W.!.70 |S. 77 W.1.50 | 170
>) ne sycarthy eee en meee ncree nee ee nee nse| "aee| cee | ees|| sue] Tees |Maee| eer] eee/S 26 LGB) 1263] enone en
46 (| Spring 9 3) 5 4) 79,131/149| 84] 52) 23) 13) 19) 21} 4) 0) 0) 32/S. 42 49 E. |.69 |S. 80 E. |.35 | 209
Tonnitede Summer | 14 11) 33 35,133 273/202/101|108| 66] 58] 16] 23! 2] 12) 3) 67|S. 46 34 E. |-61 | N. 85 E. |.33 | 386
tiga a) {| Autumn {11 0) 4 0} 1) 11) 38) 26) 81) 16) 20) 5) 5) 1) 3) Oj; 19/8. 6 47 E. |.63 |S. 16 W.}.19 80
120° & Winter 6 0} 3 3] 6 4! of 2] 8] 18) 37] 26] 17] 12] 10} 5] GIS. 63 55 W.!.54 | N. 71 W.|.65 54
2 UU ee ea ecrbes ralice|ive| «al orl eal cll cap clk <a «| we ooe[ orf ore]Se 15 44 BL |AGR | cscs ww | 729
\ | | |
' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
(No. 47.) Northern Australia.’

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE I
influences.

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of the | | fie, ] Direction of Ratio of
year. N.E. or |S. E. or S.W.or! N.W.or Calm resultant. resultant
North.) betw’n| East. | betw’n| South.) betw’n| West. | betw’n) or va- to sum of Direction. | Force,
N.& E. S. & 5.! S.& W. N.& W.| riable. winds.
|
January 10 6 4 1 1 1 2 6
February 9 4 iL 3 2 2 2 5
March 5 6 4 6 3 3 2 2
April 2 7 1 17 0 1 1 1
May 0 0 5 17 6 2 0 1
June 4 4 5 8 6 1 1 1
July 1 2 5 13 Sr alle a) 1 1
August 5 3 i 10 4 | 0 1 1
September 10 5 3 2 4) 2 2 2
October 15 3 3 0 1 1 4 4
November 12 3 2 2 1 1 3 6
December 12 5 4 1 iL 1 3 4
Spring 7 13 10 40 9 6 3 4 8. 58° 57/E AT 8. 29° BE. 404
Summer 10 9 17 31 18 1 a 3 8. 60 41 E. 49 8. 32 EF 42
Autumn 3 wil 8 4 6 4 9 12 N. 2 21 W. -46 N. 34 Wz. | .41
Winter 31 15 9 5 4 4 7 15 N. 3 27 E 48 N. 26 W. | -41
The year 85 48 44 80 37 15 22 34 N. 63 27 E. 24

1 Observed at Sween Island in the Gulf of Carpentaria, from January, 1868, to February, 1869, inclusive.

(Nos. 48 to 50.) Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180°.
From observations for an aggregate period of nearly a year, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF *
influences,

THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation, the year. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

tne Summer | 24) 28 fc j f S. 48°29’ k.
50° to | etae al 5 5 i | 44 33 E
175° E. ene : B f
150° E.
to 180°.
50. Long. } |
L752 8.
oA 1908, f Autumn

49, “a | Spring 3s : | 0) 2 : - 86

| Winter PAN } | ‘ . 80
The year! : ann cl aeecl) see seal! Gonl|l coal) eco] Ecol! cos! oncll) caol] calls tS

|
Summer | 2 2 PiSie x0 9|S. 57
0; 1 10} 0 sect

Computed from the resultants for the seasous.

ee

SERIES B. ZONE 23. LAT. 20° TO 25° S, ° 089

Supplementary Zone.

(Intermediate between Zones 22 and 23.)

Coast or Brazin. LatrrupE 19° ro 21° Souru.

The material for this zone does not belong exclusively either to the one that precedes or to the
one that follows, the limit between the two being the parallel of latitude 20°. It is thought best,
therefore, to arrange it in a zone by itself. It embraces an aggregate period of nearly 3 years, and

foto)

was collected and classified at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt.
M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

(Nos. 51, 52, 53 and 54.) Atlantic Ocean, longitude 29° to 39° west.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Points oF

Monsoon
THE COMPASS.

influences,

Place of Time of irecti
observation, vhe year, Direction

of resultant. Direction.

variable.

W.

South.

West.

Calm or

Ratio of resultant
to sim of winds.
Number of days.

W.N. W.
N.

|

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
a Autumn

| Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

bo

oo

- 70° 34/ i.

5 27
6
52
13
37
14
4
34
ol
3
21
47
13

HE oOOorF
Nr ob

PAR RAAAAPAAAALR AAAS A

bo:
COwpw: <
HOCH:

ora

toe

bor p-t
A A TATA

Ne)
oro ko ot

* cOoNpou:

no:

- OmowT! POH:

HOoOSOSO:
HoOoWw
mia ta wa

Dopaow:

>

pt

* SwHP! Opps:

+ OF bow:
Depa:

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ZONK No. 23.
LATITUDE 20° To 25° SoutnH.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
4 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 19 years 4 months; and at sea
a for over 65 years. The distribution is as follows :—

|
Where observed. eee Aggregate length of time.
| Pacific Ocean, eile over 12 years 3 months.
South America, 1 5 months.
Atlantie Ocean, nae os 24 years.
Indian Ocean and Mozambique Channel,|.... over 28 years 6 months.

Isles Bourbon and Mauritius, 2 14 years.

New Caledonia, 1 4 years 11 months.

74 ##June,1875.

5386 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 1 to 17.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.
From observations for an aggregate period of over 11 years, collected and classified, from
the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF = Tonsoon
THE COMPASS. ee influences. a
es z
| | 2: 5
: ds : 3 “ . . if °
pinercanent aceon & cay 1) A | nie |e bi ee ; 5 ss RetaT Es a Direction. 3 8
E(H| A) ele) a) ala |S lalF lS] 3 |e le le lee oe 2 |
a|2| ela) Ala a [ala ja la |B IE LE Le |e joe 4 & | 2
(. Spring 7| 1) 20] 20) 51) 33 47) 1 a1} o| s| o| 13] 4| 2) 1 14/8. 71°54’. |.523|N. e73°W.!.03 | 88
1. Long. Summer 8| 8 4 19) 29) 14 17) 12, 8) 1) 22) 3) 14) 3) 2) O OS. 59 59 E. |.32 | N 855 W.|.27 54
175° W. | Autumn 2) 4 14) 30| 78) 56, 78) 21; 10) 2) 7 O} 3) 0; 4! O 3S. 69 24 EB. |.75 |S. 62 E. |.17 |) 104
to 180°. | | Winter 1} 12 12) 28) 45) 37) 26] 23; 2) O| 6] O; O; O} O| O SS. 76 41 E. |.723|) N. 84 E. |.16 67
[| Ehosyear! seal cee|)ezel-c| ere vel ecee| eee ert ere eee eee ee PMS SOR: [56 | 2.0
| Spring 11) 11) 36] 12.196) 43 32) 18) 24) 12) 52) 11) 37) 5) 13) 0 21/8. 71 11 E. |.41 | N. 32 W.|.132) 178
2. Long. f Summer 10| 4 24) 31129) 62, 55/179) 40) 22) 66) 30) 27) 5} 26] Z| 14)S. 36 32 E. |.474|)S. 524 W.|.22 | 944
170° to Autumn 46) 39 100) 83 267/217 296/138 87) 30) 44) 16) 18) 9) 17) 9 18/S. 71 12 E. |.634|N. 74 HE. |.15 | 478
1752) Wie Winter 26| 20 49) 52, 92/170184) 79, 51) 7| 4| 3) 8) 1) 13) 3 10S. 65 12 E. |.673)S. 773 E. |.16 | 257
Ure AEE Marall eral! sel ooo) -coalfetsal| cool llesAal| “eeall coal) coalfsincal)’ casi! cael) ccol| cea |S. 61 53 E. |.52 ieee ws (1157
(| Spring 3} 0, 2/18) 15] 9) 3). 6) 5] 3) 7 0} 0; 0] O| 3) 5S. 59 2 B.2).43 | N. 792 W.!.07 | em
3. Long. | | Summer 3} 0; 3] 8] 14) 13, 11) 6) 7 0 1) 1) 1) O| 5) J) 3S. 71 30 H.?/.54 | N. 484 E. |.09 | 96
165° to {| Autumn 1) 1 16) 5 21) 28) 24) 30) 22) 0) 0/ 0} 3] 0} 4) 0} 9)S. 55 17 E.).64 |S. 335 B |.15 ) bi
170° W. | | Winter 13; 3 22) 5 18) 17) 33) 7 16) 8/ 21) 0} 0) O| 6) 7 9/8. 60 38 BE. |.385 | N.65 W.!.15 | 62
{| The year! | ... BA eaecoel| tee |ceoal| coal elf oaall) seel|-cop ses seo] dee] es-|S. 6 45°. |.50 | sc -ceer nee
(| Spring 10} 9 10} 16 35] 52, 67) 19) 27) 6] 17) 9} 24) 0} 6| 7 12)S. 49 33 EK. |.44 |S. 23 W.!.10 | TOgnne
4, Long. | | Summer 1} 1 9 5 4 15) 20) 3) 0} 6) 22) 10) 12) 0) 13) 0} 4)/S. 7 31W.?/.23 |S. 85 W.).40 | Aaa
160° to {| Autumn 10) 9 71) 20146)111/136] 57) 24) 4) 19) ©} 12) 2) 11) 9| 18/S. 70 42 B.|.65 |S. 53 E. |.24 | 916
165° W. | | Winter 20) 5 36) 30 91] 53:104) 19] 18] 2] 8] 2) 5] 3] 12) 12) 13/S. 76 59 E. |.59 | N. 724 E. |.23)) gage
CIES ya eye 35115) Geel cod roll) cenll ctol] cee! salt SSecl)) cecal] coo|lecrel| c-ol] call coffS6 G2 BB) 1, 2? <scss tee .. | SL
Spring 12} 6 31) 12 31] 28) 69) 3) 9) 2] 10] 4) 6) 0) 12) 0) 14)S. 75 54 EK. |.48 | N. 78} E. |05 83 |
5. Long. f Summer 2} 3 10) 10 15) 19) 26) 5} 25) 11) 12) 0) 2) 0} 5] 1) 6|S. 43 41 E. |.49 |S. 20 W)[24s)ssiaeee
155° to 4) Autumn 38] 15 40) 27 65/101; 83) 40) 17) 8] 32) 5) 8 3) 4| 9) 13/S. 71 47 E. |.51 |S. 61 Ey |[O7 age
160° W. || Winter 59| 9 92) 43 97) 43] 67) 9) 10} 6) 14] 8] 19) 0} 24) 7 9|N. 70 53 E. |.43 |N. 34 W.).27 | aye
U4 The yeart! | ce] ccs! cl eee od acl ecallec[fiseetieccl| tesa Nebel eee ee IS ea7 Sim len ie eam | = || Aim
Spring 7| 11) 17) 27) 45) 50) 67) 7] 4) 12) 8) 3] Oo} 2 18) 5) 10S. 76 20 EB. |.54 | N. 72 E. |b 98
6. Long. [ Summer 2) 0} 6} 2/ 16} 6] 5) 6] 19) 4) 22) 4) 4) 0) 2) 4 5/S. 8 16-H.?/.37 |S. 592 W.) 39))sao
150° to {) Autumn 5| 13) 34) 19) 42) 58) 63) 13) 5) 8) 12) 3) 8) 1) 15 10, 13'S. 78 11 E. |.49 | N. 524 E. |.12 | 1079)
155° W. | | Winter 27| 26] 61) 41) 91) 27) 69) 13) 13} 2) 8) 3) 9) 5) 21) 6) 19|N. 79 54 BE. |.51 | N. 235 B. |.28 | 147)
(eI) Slee eeeP | SAI coal) sal] Bal) adsl! occlf ceil!) ocelll’ 055] call anal! cc8l] oo all cool} oo fst (86 ANG) 1D, ise satin w. | 388 7
(| Spring 25) 16) 56) 15) 70} 54) 48) 13) 14) 2) 5] 0} 10) 10) 29) 38) 18\N. 69 57 E. |.40 | N. 814 W.|.07 | 141)
7. Long. || Summer | 12) 26) 40] 7 12) 11) 11) 2) 14) 0) 5] 2) 5) 21) 21) 11 1)N. 36 47 E, |.42 N. 424 W.|.28 | 60
120° to {| Autumn | 14) 4/ 10; 4) 9] 18) 12) 10] 18} 7 3) 1) 4| O} 3) 3) 3/S. 61 17 E.2).85 |S. 25 W.).33 ) aie
150° W. | | Winter 12} 46] 44) 37/111) 30) 49) 1) 12} 0; 4) 2) 7 5) 11) 6) 17|\N. 77 10 E. |.60 | N. 88 E. |.14) 182
Uy) eas SY || orl esol) cool] coslf ces|l cécll ote] ccoll call seas ate seq|| ee! cts N. 73 52 E. |.46 | ..ccceee oe | one
Sao || Summer | 13] 11] 10] 0] 28] 22| 29/ 15] 19] 0} 5] of o| 5] 4! 3| 23/8. 69 29 B.|.42 |N. 3 Wil95| 6B
120° Ww. Winter 3) 2) 3] 15] 24) 22) 11) 10} 3] 0 0} 5! O} Of O} GIS. 76 13 E.?).u5 | N. 423 B.2) 33) 35
9. Long. |
95° to } Spring 2} 0} 14) 6) 45) 6] 21! ©; Oj; O| 6) O}| 6) O|- 6 6) 15|N. 87 54 E.2).48 | N. 93 B2) 42) ogee
120° W. |
10. Long. ] | |
90° to {| Autumn | 12] 5] 14 6] 28] 12) 35: 9) 3] 0; 2! JJ O}| Oo} oF 2) I3/S. 81 46 E.2|.57 |N. 26 Ee 3h ea
120° W. J | | |
11. Long. | | |
80° to \ Summer 1; 6; O 6) 16) 17) 41; 4) 3 O} 2] O} 11) 3) 1) 8 TIS. 63 46 E.7).38 | N. 16 W.2)c2e eee
100° W. | | | | |
12. Long. ) |. 9 aire | ‘re pop lp 2 r
80° to Spring 9} 6) © 6) 59) 18) 72, 0} 6 0} 3) O| 4 O} 3) 21) I7)S. 76 52 E. |.54 | N. 23 Bie 40 5
95° W. i Winter 0} 0) O 6) 23) 35/115) 9) 15) 0} 6} 0} 6 OF 0} OF) 20/S. 48 28 E.|.77 |S. 563 B.2).20 | ous
13. Long. } | :
70° to The year! S. 45) 4048 4!57 | 7 cena .- | 6929
120° W. ji |
14. Long. ) |
le to | Autumn 0} 0; O 0} 14). 6] 21) 20) 21) 3) 3) OF O} OF O} O| O|S.-32 13 B.?/.83 |S. 52 EB) 3h ao
OSA |
15. Long. Ree . 9 % ;
75° to Spring 60) 0) Ol 0) 2 ba e510)" Si Ol, Ol 0) b) Bib OSs 2onow E.2).74 S. 16 W.2|.26 | 46
80° W. | Winter 0; O;| 0, O; 0, O} 63) 45) 10; O; 5] O} OF OF OO} O} 12/S. 30 18 E.7|.86 |S. 4 E2 |[35 ae
16. Long. | |
ie = } Summer 9} O| 2 O; 3! O} 52 36) 36] 0} 21) 27; O 6) 9) O}| BIS. 1 41 E. |.54 |S. 70 W.2)-42) Ge
3 . | | | | (
17. Long. )| 4. | “lle Zh Alege le ee
70° to Spring 0} 0; 0} O| 6) 55) 54 83) 4) 4) 07 OF O 0} OF Oj) 16S. 17 29 E. |.81 |S. 16 W.?).40 75 |
Tweet am UCT Olas 6 9| 39 31| 34) 3] 9) of 3| Oo} o| 0, Q's. 22 49 mrlg2 |S. 13hW.2|.87 | 48

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 These apparent deflections from long. 70° to long. 120° W. are due, perhaps, less to monsoon influences, properly so called,
than to difference of distance from the South American coast; the mean resultant for the year with which those for these seasous
are all compared being that for the entire area included between the meridians just named.

SERIES B. ZONE 23. LAT. 20° TO 25° S. 587

(No. 18.) Rio Janeiro, Brazil.

Computed from observations made by Charles Darwin for 68 days, in 1832, by Commodore Wilkes
for 46 days, in 1888 and 1839, and by Burmeister for 48 days, in 1850.

Ratio of re-
sultant to
sum of winds.

Time of the North. | or bet. et t- | South:| ox Direction of
year. N.& E. S.&E. I resultant.

Spring S. 20°21 E.??

Summer : N. 84 28 E.??
Autumn j : d 3 2 ? 5S. 68 38 k.?
Winter 36 8. 58 15 2.2?
The year! O00 cnn oe 20 200 coo S 62 28 H.?

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 19 to 35.) Atlantic Ocean.

From observations for an aggregate period of 24 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF qa Monsoon
THE COMPASS. 23 influences.
ae
; oN
al
Place of Time of the LS = im Direction of |we
observation, | year. F | _ |O8| resultant. °s | Direction.
ui | wes =e
ise lise es
|e | Z |O &
j t
| E Spring 15| 36 2 GAB;
; ; Summer 16) 9
5 Autumn 6} 20
) = Winter 20) 13)
| The year! coal] 020
Spring 6] 3
Summer Z|
Autumn 2) 0)
: ol Winter Zee

The year!
Spring
Summer
Sn) Autumn
i A Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
: Winter
j The year!
Spring
; Summer
} + 4| Autumn
} Winter
The year!
Spring
' . Summer
| Autumn
Winter
3 The year!
| Spring
) : Summer
Autumn 95
: Winter j 103
The year! | ... Sot) os6l] ood}! inael| eer oo
Spring 20
Summer | 45)
j + 4 | Autumn 28
Winter j 10
The year! | ... coal] cosll coal! coal} 60

eHow! when:

> whee:

wo:
r OO SD
ANNA ANAN BMAan wows

=
GS

oO ape oo

bo oo

PYb ho: S XK
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAVAAAZAAAAAAVAAAAAAzAAA D

-ecow: omoo:

1 ooo-t

b

:

sawp
: WHwa:
©oS 0

* Toe bot

ANA AANA wnAN waar

Pb Hopp! onmeH:
SESS Sees

v HO ost:

Number of days.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

088 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 27 to 35.) Atlantie Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Points oF
THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

£
a
cs
e
>

| Direction of
resultant,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

_ Monsoon
influences,

Direction.

Number of days.

27.
Lat. 23°
to 25° S.,
long. 31°
to 34° W.

28.
Lat. 21°
to 23° §.,
long. 29°

Spring
Summer
Autumn |
Winter | &
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn +) ae: j
Winter 3) 16) 16 3} 19
The year! sae'll tose'll sees eee Sl co
Spring | 9} 43] 52] 88! 62102}
Summer | 32) 38) 57) 134 136
Autumn | 85| 51/127] 73/207|102/173|
Winter {132/118 253}
The year! | ...
Spring 23
Summer ily
Autumn
| Winter
The year!
Spring

| Summer
Autumn
| Winter ~
The year!
Spring

| Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn 15/163/113] 32
Winter | 18|242 215] 78)
Mhesy.eart | csc tesr|peese|lares|iteas a5 =a oi cen
Spring l i 3] 37| 24) 30
Summer 6, 36) 36| 26
Autumn 0) 19) 39) 17
Winter a is 35) 24

bo bo i 00
roms

ry

-paba:
SCWaH:

a

Lat. 23°

Hano~t
Homo:
MAW! HWaINWo:

long. 25°

oS OU

eal 2)

Lat. 20°
too Se,

oH Co:

| 26442 233

12,178)116) 41

He oo Ort:

ows

long. 5
to 15°R.

== — = aes —— ee = a =
—_—_.. os FSF OO OF OOO — a I

- 6

The year!

BIN. 37° 59/E, |.

ON.
ON.
6N.

oe ata

oorw:

re bpb:
boo -10:

pee oe:
oP oO.
.

wo: oe s
ameHom:

i H
whan: Wopo~T:

ANRRAn AR AAAAARAR ARR AAAAN AAA ARAN ANNA

64
69
39

- 53

E. |;
E.?) .

~ ~~

~

~~

fet El ed ed fet bk dt edt bd dd abd ddd bd bd dt ed bd el dt at be dd bd fd bd dt bd dd

ama

wy

.

Eas

os

ie

a

Bema

ch on A
aH

be bs

212

NM

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 36 to 39.) Mozambique Channel and Indian Ocean, longitude 36° to 55° east.
From observations for an aggregate period of over 84 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction

of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

THE COMPASS.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

Place of Time of the
observation. year,

Calm or

variable,

Direction of
resultant.

| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Paliborey sell WV eea|be oacl) sealll scr|[leecll! Gael encill oss! |b coa\)) ea
Spring 12 8)172)346 160) 99
| Summer 47| 9} 57| 65)123) 45) 84
Autumn 13) 20) 27) 13] 26) 17| 23
Winter 10 3 3} 40) 11) 17
Ui) Miheryenrt||feas\eecel| en) eeclinerel|itess |e oo

36.
Mozambique
Channel, long.
36° to 40° E.

37.
Mozambique
Channel, long.
40° to 45° EL

: Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

to sum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

Monsoon
influences.

(Nos. 38 and 39.)

SERS Be ZONE 23. lea 205 TO 25° 8.

Mozambique Channel and Indian Ocean.— Continued.

089

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF a2 Monsoon
THE COMPASS. sz influences.
Oe
Place of Time of A s = Direction ie c
observation, the year. -|A ica] ra} 5 || es ice | of resultant. | 23] Direction.
a || po | = Pe | le Si
| 5 A a | nu) s | un | ee
: Gall 7% a S ‘ & ee)
A|a A|A w|n| wn | e Fa
38 (| Spring 21/107 84) 79) 37] 30, 8) 28) 4 3) N. 74° 39/ B. | 54) 8S. 72° w.|
Indian Ocean, *! | Summer | 1 26) 40) 1a} 12) 7 7 0) 0} 3. 83 52 B.|.71|S. 304 UW.
cacae {| futumn | 13 30| /2| 23 2] 3 1) 3 54 34 E.| .54/N. 40 W.
47? ha 50° B Winter 48/175 120/160 44) 6) 11 (WG) N. 67 19 E. | .66} N. 213 1.
: The year! | ...| ... alae eee aca Bee | Weert Wee N. 74 27 EH. | .59
39 (| Spring 12) 43 65) 94) | 96) 26 41) 5! 19) 4! 76 45 E.! .44)5. 55 W.
Aiding Ocean Summer 10 §5/213) 93) 53) 21) 35 Wh 0} 74 59 B.| .68|8. 33 E
lyn itude 3 Autumn | 9 77| 86) 39) 29| 6) 9 5) 16) 10) 35) 15)N. 78 36 EB.) .53 | N. 133 W
50° i 55O E | | Winter 11 64) 60) 24) 22) 13) 13 2) 4) 5) 15) 6|IN. 80 1 EH.) .62) N. 26 E
(| The year! | ... we] see] cee] eo] | me ae S. 88 22 H.| .55

(Nos. 40 to 43.)

Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Port Louis, Mauritius, by Charles Meldrum, during a period of 11 years—1853 to 1859 and 1861
to 1865 inclusive.

St. Dennis, Bourbon, during one year, date not preserved.
St. Paul, Bourbon, during one year, date not preserved.
St. Peter, Bourbon, during one year, date not preserved.

Place of
observation.

40.

St. Paul. \
4].

St. Peter. \

42

St. Dennis. §

43.
Port
Louis.
1853 to
1859.

EN:

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of the
year.

The year

The year

The year |

| January

February |
March
April
May
June
July
August |
September .
October |
November
December
Spring |
Summer |
Autumn

Wiater

The year

N. E. or be-
tween N. & £.

o9 NM | sort,

OOP WWNWNRE RHEE Eee ee Dp b
be

PRONOUN NHRORPHDPERWoO

(on

10

9
13
11
13
32
28
33
32

125

S. E. or be-
tween 8S. & E.

19
121

1

Sa

. | oa
Sl eR |)
= on) oO
a |luc| &
5 |145 | 48
ee) |) fi) 7
17 9 | 27
1 1 il
0 1 2
1 1 il
0 1 1
2 il 1
3 1 1
2 0 i
1 0 1
2 0 2
1 0 1
i 1 2
afl 0 2
3! 3 3
6 i 3
4 1 5
2 2 5
15 "|| ale

N. W. or be-

tween N.& W.

Calm or
variable.

uw
I oO

ORTWBRNWNNRRIhWwobD

Lex!
WROonorsSoosorrooosco ow

~~}

io}

b

Isle of Bourbon’! and Mauritius.’

Direction of
resultant.

to sum of winds.

Ratio of resultant

(opi

- 80° 53/ W.) .26

\S. 40 45 E. |.51 |

mM

IS. 76 43 E. |.57
S. 60 44 B. |.603
iS. 78 58 B. |.53
N. 83 2 5. |.47
8. 76 37 E. |.54

. 56 31 E. |.60}

Monsoon

influences.

|
| Direction.

-04
20
.| 02

418)

| Number of days.

1 Tn a paper on the Meteorology of Bourbon, by Mailland, published in the Annuaire de la Societé Méteoro-
logique of France, for January, 1862, he intimates that the observations at St. Paul should be rejected on
account of its local position on the leeward side of the island; and remarks, in regard to Port Louis, that its
position on the island of Mauritius is precisely similar to that of St. Paul on the Isle of Bourbon, and that,
therefore, it would be an error to judge of the meteorology of the whole island from observations made at
Bourbon is a volcanic island, of elliptical form, 38 miles long and 28 wide, and is traversed from
north to south by a chain of mountains that rise at some points to the height of near 10,000 feet. The interior
of Mauritius is mountainous, but the mountains are not so high. :

Mr. Meldrum’s observations for the last nve years are as follows, ee
1076

Port Louis.

2 Vor the first six years only.

North 69
N.N.E. 47
N.E. 73

E.N. E. 494

1280

E.5S. E. 1803

1203

8.5.E. 454

South 39
S.S. W. 25

SaWenos

W.S.W.62

West 111
W.N. W. 176
N.W. 49

N.N.W. 109

Hence the direction of the resultant for this latter series is about U.S. E., and its ratio to the sum of the winds
about .53, scarcely differing from the series computed above.

Variable
Calm
Total

7300

590

Place of
observation.

(Nos. 44 to 53.)

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Indian Ocean, longitude 55° to 115° east.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 20 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Time of the
year,

He

Calm or

variable.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon

influences.

Direction,

44. Long.
55° to
60° E.

45. Long.
60° to
65° EL

46. Long.
65° to
70° E.

47. Long.
70° to
75° E.

48. Long.
75° to
80° E.

49. Long.
80° to
85° Ji.
50. Long.
75° to
85° Ee.

51. Long.
85° to
100° E.

52. Long.
105° to
110° E.

53. Long.
110° to
115° E.

| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

| The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring

| Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

Spring
Winter

Spring
Winter

| Summer
Autumn
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
| Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

(Nos. 54 to 57.)

5|109|166,319 114

258146150) 39

167/2591170! 47

231|169/238| 64}

69/215 202192) 6
21/102|226)216|
26 147 153 184)

127 eae eas

49/180 170 206

69, 78 145

76117 173)

355 278 230|

|

2102135,

18| 61|
39| 81)
5 212/229

63)
168

40)
93

| 69)
83

| 23
94) 31
35/117) 23

59/611 370
9 280 175

| 89
Cezar
1U7 405 333
148/457 150
| 1} 39] 39

|

| 7] 93] 27

66) 50,

21

142
86

94

)184)
97)

1 BPO:

[prow aT No

266) 72

55) ¢

hat

eH pob: stow:

shot

we

CoPHD:

H are
» ewes:

om oo eT!

OR HH

H

; nN: G
Depo! wor:

Tw ROD! BRE HO

Heh: toe
aM RO: wo

— AONB:
AANA TAT A TAA A tA th

P Rom:
to pr oraTSO:

ow

“—

fed ed bh tf bd ed ad bt dt dt tat bd

raz

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 > I
fed) bt dt fk dd ded ft dt et Ed be

ma zanna aznMe AA

7A

ia min 2)

ig

_ A nt

New Caledonia and Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180°.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—

At Sea, for an aggregate period of 470 days, collected and classified at the United States Naval
Observatory, under the direction of Capt. M. F. Maury Superintendent.
Port of France, New Caledonia, by Dr. Proust.

| Number of days.

SHRTES 8B. Z'ON E24. LAT! 25° TO 30° S. 591

(Nos. 54 to 57.) New Caledonia and Pacific Ocean.— Continued.

Monsoon

influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Points oF
THE COMPASS.

Time of Time of

Direction of
observation, | the year. irectiono

resultant.

Direction,

tosum of winds.

variable.

N.
N.

WN.
W.S. W.
West.
Ww. N. W.
N. W.
Calm or
Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

54. Atsea,
long. 150°
to 165° E.

) | Spring
Summer
Autumn

( Spring

'S. 55°19! E.
s. 88 21 W.|.3:
. 86 49 E.?/.
. 56 42
- 48 39
. 46
. 39
. AT
5 {Sif
S. 56
. 66
. 59

| |

32° E.

74 W.! .8
27 EE.

85 E.
.46 W.
53 W.!.
231 E. | .

bo

bo

REnwrEoocwmon

bo

1 Oo ONTWAMANOSOWH

55. Port 4 SUE

of France Anima
; Winter

|
| The year
56. At so Spring

a
ecocooors

: we

‘| co PH ROOWATOO ON

iss}
o

44 |.
854 W.!.
82. Wels
S. 421 B. | .14

RIA NAAM AA

He

long. 165° 4 | Summer
E. to 180° Autumn
57. Atsea,
long. 150°
E. to 180°

PH
a=

: = I
TNS NHDDWOSOWOHRHE

A

Winter
The year!

1 oOo omROCCCoOuMon
5 SS PoOoOOoOoOCOCOnNoo

(ie)
De
Eto)

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ZONE No. 24.
LATITUDE 25° to 30° Sourts.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made
at 5 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 5 years 3 months; at sea for
over 61 years. ‘The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. an Oe Aggregate length of time.

Pacific Ocean, anor 12 years 6 months.

South America, 2 11 months.

Atlantic Ocean, Ebtatc 18 years 6 months.

Africa, 1 2 years.

Indian Ocean, ci over 30 years.

Australia, y) 2 years 4 months.
(Nos. 1 to 21.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

From observations for an aggregate period of 10 years, collected and classified, from the logs of
numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt.
M. F Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT ae) Monsoon

Points OF THE COMPASS. Sa influences. a
| | ig ae E
| = of o
P Ti f cd : . | =| Direction of | © °
Miter vation. fie year. | g 4 all se 5 5 = | B resultant, lwe Direction. if a
i = : 5 |) ati} eh |p te é |) 5 4b ye 2 3 o 2
€ glalzl¢lalalale|ale|4)a|2i2] 4/4 |22 Joga e
2 2le/S/alal|alalalala|e|e| el al alo} Be | 2%
([ Spring | 21] 11) 78] 34/164|112]110] 64/158] 30! 60| 20] 47| 1] 19| 13] 10's. 47°56” E. |.45 |S. 33}°R. |.02 | 317
1, Long. | | Summer 19} 5) 37| 35) 74 23) 48) 13) 19) 17) 64) 20) 34) 9) 10) 2 4s. 39 4 25. |.20 |N. 60 W.!.21 | 144
175° W. {| Autumn 12) 2) 17) 33) 92) 59) 75) 37| 32) 37) 40) 18] 24) 18 9) 5| 2|S. 43 55 E.|.43 |S. 13 W.).02 171
to 180°. | | Winter 30| 23) 38] 41\1'76|204/228| 52] 56| 42] 46) 5] 41) 1) 17| 13] 32/S. 59 33 E.|.56 |S. 82 E. |.17 | 349
|| bes Spee |) eel) Geel cen eeeol Mosel eco eee | Tl) celhinael |tealhacee ~ Kall Saoll coclisis ZS) GAO 1 PAO oer ... | 981

2. Long. | | | | | | | fy
170° to Autumn 31) 4) 25) 19) 65) 31) 52 17) 17| 7} 18] 14) 22) 1 at 1) 30/S. 72! .2 E. |.83 | N. 22 EH. }-35 || 122

175° W lease | | |

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

592 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 3 to 21.) Pacific Ocean.— Continued. i

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT . Monsoon
POINTS OF THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of

observation, the year. Direction.

Calm or var.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

Number of days.

22° 17/E. |.2
. 85 46 W.).
52 30
41 22

| Spring
Summer
Winter
The year!

3. Long.
165° to
o> Wie
4. Long.
165° to Autumn
170° W.
5. Long. Spring
160° to Autumn
165° W. Winter
6. Long.
150° to
165° W.
7. Long. Spring
155° to Autumn
& 160° W. Winter
8. Long. Spring
150° to Autumn
155° W. Winter
Spring
9. Long. Summer
120° to Autumn
150° W. Winter
The year!

toe
= oe bt
EGA

wu.

FEB Bob

Summer
The year!

bo

PERE ESE Bd

a Noe
7 TrMMOATONRDONH

: He :
: WwSorortTnoomn =:

—I b 2 sss =
ZRLZAREERAA Din wD

AnAnAAAnws

i"
5 Ore BPOOCHOR :

Za

10. Long.
105° to Spring
120° W.

11. Long.
100° to Autumn
120° W.

12. Long. ) | |
100° to Summer 3 | 12) j }) |S. ails | 46
LADS Wie |

13. Long. :
90° to | Winter 4) 12) 2 | 28) | 2's. colle 47 I. 4).63
115° W.

14. Long. | k
90° to Spring 3 H | 1S. Bbc : - 21.28
105° W.
14(a). i}

Long. 70°

to 120° W.

15. Long.
85° to
100° W.

16. Long.
80° to
95° W.

17. Long. | Spite | | 3. . |.22 | N. 7 Wel.28
|
)

fa

u:

MWsysy defhel | oco|) cool|lsaa|) cos)! cenl| onal) sec|) cee|| ce) Coa]! cool) sec) tocol! cael! ‘aco asa) enol (Sb >| 2409. seneeeeee

| Summer 3 i rete o .12

Autumn t j } S. athe a -19

aN a | Winter ; | | 2 | gS. 7 38 E. |.5 3 BE. 2.14
18. Long.
75° to
80° W.
19. Long.
70° to
85° W.
20, Long.
70° to
80° W.
21. Long. |

Spring 0 5. Ale . 47S W.2).18
Winter 0 | | j 3. Billa - 2 W.2).29

Summer : 5. : . 293W.4).35

Autumn Z | i a . 25 W.2).35

Spring 1 5} 12) 3) 16 se ey : - 19 W.2).39

70° to Water | (3) : 5) OS. . - 41 W.?.60

TOS? Mf

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons. ‘

2 These apparent deflections from longitude 70° to longitude 120° W. are due, perhaps, less to monsoon influences, properly 80
called, than to difference of distance from the South American coast; the mean resultant for the year with which those for thes
seasons are all compared being that for the entire area included between the meridians just named.

a

SERIES B. ZONE 24. LAT. 25° TO 30° S. 93

(Nos. 23 and 24.) Northern Chili and Southern Paraguay, South America.
Observed at the following places, viz::—
Chanacillo, Chili, from November, 1858, to March, 1859, inclusive.
Assumption, Paraguay, by E. A. Hopkins, from March to August, inclusive, in the year 1854,
nd reported to the Smithsonian Institution.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE oF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place and Time of
kind of the year.
observations.

Direction of
resultant,

5. & W.
or be-
tween N. & W.

TS. or be-
to sum of winds.

variable.

tween N. & E.
tween S. & E.
Ratio of resultant

S. W. or be-
tween S

N. W.

Calm or

Ss.

( No. of Spring 45
| obs Summer 36 | 101

N. 88°55/ E.
S. 86 2H.
8. 81 52 E.
N. 12 31 E.

H
S)
=|

lor Se)

Db
oH

No. of Spring 22 3 | 162

} miles. Summer } 16 | 442

Mean {| Spring -83/3.60

| alec Summer l4.¢
Motion Spring
of clouds. Summer
January

February
March

November

December
Winter

we
aS

Paraguay.
Surface wind.

ooo FF

Tob &

a
a3}

- §8 30 E.
. 81

23. Assumption,

. 33 26

24, Chanacillo, Chili. . 19

e
~I
NWNWNRONUG MPa

on
“I
> WOHANOPC ~

eT
. oO

(Nos. 25 to 37.) Atlantie Ocean.
From observations for an aggregate period of 18} years, collected and classified, from the logs

of different sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt.

M. F. Maury, Superintendent, as follows, viz. :—

Place of ob- | Time of the ¢ : 3 : F ;| Direction
_ servation. = |

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

Monsoon
THE COMPASS. i

iniluence

year. of resultant. Direction.

. Ww.
to sum of winds.

North.
8.8. E.
W. N. W
N.
Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant

N.

» 25.
Long. 45°
to 50° W.

26.
Long. 40°
to 45° W.

27.
Long. 35°
to 40° W.

28.
Long. 30°

} to 35° W.

29.
Lone. 25°
to 30° W.

L

H
wow or

Spring - 47° W.}.0
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Suminer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
‘Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

OT all eal)
bo ~1T or
Buse |

Saas

» Dee bo
oo Sst
=

iS)

ex

bo:

i oanw:
Sto

bo: Bowe :
(Sen seers
bo
ee :
Sic Wo:
AA AANA ANIA In tn

te:
+ Aaws:

ft ft tt at bt td
NNnwamn

oO
AT!
ae
Bes
Aman

=

PAP Ans

NTA

Zuwaeee

3 AE

feb ed Set fat bt bt ddd

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

75 June, 1875.

Number of days.

594 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 30 to 37.) Atlantie Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

Place of Time of
observation, the year.

Direction of

resultant. | Direction,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Calm or yar.

. 23° 10/ B. | .35
56 24 E.|.
8]
43 |
44
26
53
59 :
. 68
6
17
7
8

oy

o

13

53
34
25
29
30
- 19

Spring
Summer
| Auturan
Winter
The year!
Spring

| Summer 5]
Autumn | De j] 28) 48
Winter | 22) 12| 9]
ABNEY EA || coll call! coal! “docl] 55)!" coal} Soe
Spring 22 j 26
Summer 5} 4| 2) 20
Autumn j 2| ¢ 4' 23
Winter 5] aa y | 45
The year! f ceell coall e5]] eco on

bob
ti oO

hase

30.
Long. 20° 4

to 25° W.

=
ins)

wore: omPTSH
ZN RIA

oe
Do: #B-THe

a

‘ more?
ARRAN AAANnMAA AAA
Dinara wins

be bl

Spring t 7 | 25
Winter 2 3 80
| Summer 28
Autumn 5 j 49
The year! conl| sas see| see] nee] cee Sha|) 65 238
| Spring A 9) ed) ae 17/100| 83) 23) 14 14
Winter ‘ | §8| 98] 81 Bt ) 6).

|
|

|
Spring f 8] 11/246 261/135] 33} 57) 23) 29
Summer s} 2] 12 2) 12) 89.106] 65] 39) 45} 22) 41
Autumn 2| ¢ 4) 84| 83) 82] 54] 45) 12) 20
Winter Dee 5|124/229/162) 51 29
The year! a ep|), 6oe}) cee cb} aca) |\u ce), cBe
Spring 1 1) 53 19) 40) 19) 26
| Summer i 8) 2) 30) 27 17| 3: | 27
Autumn ¢ 0 2) 0} 15) 26) 39) 15) 15) 17
Winter 0} 11 | 45) 16 35
The year! | ...| ...| -- : “| dleeelicalieesl stelle
{

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

a
1

ft bth
en aA

5 2 ys
iA wh tain

key
9]

mm

bp
NON Se
nn A

ks
oO.

—s—S eo eee Se ee eee ee Oo ee Oost

b
ee mh th ta th th tn tp

oe)

(No. 38.) Natal, Southern Africa.
Observed at Pieter Maritzburg, during the years 1858 and 1859.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE : Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Time of the}
year.

Direction of

resultant. Direetion,

or be-
W. or be-
tween N.& W.

to sum of winds,

variable,

"i
Ratio of resultant

tween 5, & E.
South.

Ss. W.

tween S.& W.
West.

Calm or

q

January
February
March

wore

September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

» 67°11 E.
Ss. 81 20 HE.
6 Ome:
5. 65 17 E.
. 68 34 E.

=
MeUIDMDwwmwewnnwwre ff bow

co)
3
1
2
2
4
2
3
i
2
3
1
5
9
6
5
5

ABWRAOANWWHHWNWRHEE bb
MOTO MIAGa
AnANnnTINe NYNMNRNWHNhe

DWwWROTR RR bbb rbb

bo
bo
bo

to

Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE or WINDS PROM THE Dirrerent’ Points se! Monsoon

OF THE COMPASS, as influences. Fa
Rema ares as airmail
f i f : : B : | | |... Direction of |e 3
Pepsercation, ices ii lye <a] Ay | = a zal celine 2 38 Pesalioae ea Direction, $ 2
! (AIS) e/g]elalalelale|@| gi 2 zee fe z| 5
a\ a) AAA A) ale | eee | Ie | Te | eile oe) eh a | 2

a9 Spring 7| 28| 10, 32| 22| 38| 26] 47) 46) 58| 13) 17] 0) 3) 4| 13) 7S. 33° 567. | .40 | 8. 12,°¢w.|.14 | 124 |

Longitude || Summer | 22) G6) 36) 72) 14) 25) 27) 68) 34) 42) 21) 16) 4) 7 3) 72 13N. 78 54 E. | .21)N. 11 W_).24 | 181
Bie io Autumn | 0) 6 8 8 4/19) 4) 7 5) 9) 5] 4] oj 1] a] 4' sls. 60 49 Bel .36|N. 73 B. I.06 | 301
ae Winter Tit) 6 14) 6) 16) 6) 9) 17) 22] 5) 3] 2) 2) O| 2 Os. 50 45 Er] 40/5, 452m, |.08 | 41 |
“oh . Ly} lov sree lepell Psael| Bosal egal tenella [ae G00!) G00]! cos]! Ga0|| onal’ cdall aaall coalf’ Boolk,’ GP FZL pe POA uy eeeeeer wee | oti6
A Spring 32) 88) 63/131/103/174)/129/152 113/115) 44) 47/ 17) 25) 19| 97) 67s. 57 27 B. | .33|s. 19 =. |.02 | 469

cane { Summer | 92/142) 91/201/105/210|143/223/138)215| 71) 63] 35| 35| 291193) sols. 47 4 BE. |.16|N. 75 w.l.o6 | 689
332 to | Autumm | 26] 66] 42| 50| 35/ 62] 25! 62] 23/ 48! 291 16 2! 91 14) 28 27|\S. 83 21 E. | .27|N. 1 w.|.12 | 188
ook. || Winter 3) 27/ 21) 85) 45) 73) 55|103| 43) 54! 13/ 7) 6] 4| 9) 18 25/s. 54 41 E.| 49/8. 443 B |.19 | 197

© (LL he speeae! | col] aalf cool) cco|l cool] cosll coll ‘ccol| ceull axcll ceell oti! accll occll coll cnall auich GO. Baik IDL oll ||“ eacedoeoe w. [1543

At Spring 18) 52) 84/237/236/363)178/237| 65)156] 79| 83] 19) 54] 29| 75 56/s. 59 45 E.|.44/8. 4 @, |.08 | 674
ae [ Summer | 28) 77) 73)199)108|173) 71/122) 55/122) 43 69) 16] 53/ 14] 59 50/s. 60 33 B. | 34] 8. 694 B. |.08 | 444
poneita * {| Autumn | 18) 72) 49/164) 79/111) 52) 72] 47| ss] 33] 34] 13] 57| 21) 49 32/8. 79 52 E. | .28| N. 48 w.|.13 | 330 |

7a || Winter | 20) 59) 62/248/179/218) 84) 94/ 69| 64| 22] 28| 6] 24) 8/34 14/3. 79 17 B. | 54) N.77 E. |.16 | 411

© UI Wings sper Ih Soe 8 7 Seal coal Gaal eee Galleys eae ese coeee eel lel el aes fa es exits (2 IBA #20) Ih cocnap ode --- [1859
ie Spring 38|163]171/239 218|362/104 151| 73/160] 38| 89| 33) 61) 20| 44 35ls. 79 5 41S. 15 W.].13 | 666
itude | | Summer | 18) 73/108/175/100/126| 71] 66] 29) 57] 13) 42) 23| 32| 7| 81 12\N. s8 48 B.|.43/8. 73 w.l.o4 | 924

“Sadie © 3! Autumn | 41/161 108/207) 64) 64) 46] 63] 49) 72) 27] 35| 11| 30] 26] 56 2Q1IN. 65 5 E.|.36|N. 48° W.l.14 | 360

Fae Winter | 65|157/214/441/260/249) 97) 97) 42] 51] 18) 16) 13) 25] 18) 56 26/N. 77 35 H. | 61 | N. 263 B. |.18 | 615
3 || Wine sree I} coll cea] quell ceall coal] sca}! seaul|) coll ceoll cesll) coell Sesth meal Geel eel gaat! ak Do fi TTB ye en echoes -» [1965
43. {| Spring 28) 81) 93.211)110|143| 60) 66] 55| 49 30) 38) 26) 29| 23) 44 36\N. 86 56 B. | .39 s. 45 w.l.05 | 374

Lonsitude || Summer | 10/ 32) 36) 64) 41| 81] 52) 40] 241 19 7) 11/ S| 16] 12) 25 10/S. 81 0 E.|.42/8. 6 W.|.12 | 163
SO ty 2 | Autumn | 35| 86| 741133] 45/103] 25| 46| 13] 27| 15] 14 14/ 25! 20) 36 27/N. 66 59 E. | .42)N. 20 W.|.12 | 246
Pease || Winter | 98|120)150 338)167|274) 80] 89/ 51) 45] 17| 30] 6] 38] 37] 79 32N.79 6B. | 52) N. 563 B. |.09 | 537

“(CT Tig: sees |) osel| cell” ecalf) col} “eos|] doe) coc!) sccell oecl| “ae-l| orll aenllecell Geell cesll aust aullinps tea Oya gob SABE emerson ... {1320
44. ‘(| Spring 10} $1) 34122) 63) 74) 34) 34] 18] 22) 12) 14} 10) 20) 12) 21 17/N. 87 56 K. | 44/N. 56 E, |.024| 183
oa Summer |) 2) 11) 12) 17) 28) 54) 16) 15] 13] 25, 1) 3] 7 6] 2 8] 4Is. 64 58 B.| 45/8. 32 w.l-19 | 75

Sede |) itu | 19| 33 25) 59) 29) 56) 28) 35) 10) 17) 8) 10/ 5) 23/ 11) 45) ON. 77 11 E. | 33; N. 54 W.|.12 | 134

Pe. Winter | 34) 92/ 94243/127/199) 42) 52) 14) 37| 13) 19) 6) 34| 34) 41] G4|N. 77 47 B. | 54 | N. 46 B, |.154) 375
: Mhevyear! | -+|| .-5|| cs.| | seal) cee 300|| d6o|| vadoll /S8e ta>/ «-|| =| se (IN. 89 38 EH. | .42 080000 000 ooo |} BZ
45. .

Lonsiinde | Spring 11/ 15] 6) 13| 50 24) 6) 7 8 9} 5) 1 1) 14) 5) ON. 88 42 B. | 44/5. 47 E.|.19] 69
G0" to {) Winter | 30) 13] 42° 44/151] 77] 98] 26 25/ 9/ 17| 3] 12| 9] 30| 11| 32/s. 81 39 B.| 50/8. 42 £1.29 | 210
6°R, |

46. 1|

Longitare | Winter | 10/ 2] 7) 19] 82] 29] 77) 9] 16 2] 3; 3] 4! 2] 3] 3] ais. 69 94m, |.68/s, 4138. 1.05] 91

70° E. i |
47. } Sommer | 5] 2} 2 6 10) 4| 21! 17/ 13] 10] 21! 7 13; 6) 9) 7 j7/S. 12 18 W.|.29|S. 394 w.|.06 | 53

Longitude +| Autumn | 26| 6] 17] 10) 18] 32] 33] 18] 23} 6] 11 15) 10) 13; 9) 3S. 65 46 E. | .21|S. 25 W.].24] 85
Bae || Tie year! | -.. “eal ool eel See oe Diels we coil] Se8l coal pal deol Sen GAL Ties Dal ase Te ... | 626
72 Do a y

48. |
eee Spring | 11) 8] 10) 16) 51] 99] 301 21 5| | o| a] 2] | of 9| als 86 30u|.c0lsse x. |43| ee
H |
70°R. J
Hone |
ide ts 1) Winter | 2! 5] 9] 6 38] 29 zalaa| @ ol 7} ol 4] al ol al sls. os am |srls. or we |. | 55
TE 10, fi | .
p ' Spring 1) 0} 2) 6 53) 43) 57| 8] 12) 4] 15] 5) 4| 2 4] 4) Gis. 54 21 E.|.62|s. 65 w..36| 7
ue Summer | 23/ 2) 7 3) 7 10) 36] 8) 26! 13) 43) 23] 28) 16) 25] 6] 7S. 51 4 W.| .30| N. 874 W.|.403] 94
Beuetnde | itumn | 13| 5 9} 10} 18] 12] 27] 18) 22 13] 19) 8] 8] 8] 17] 8| 2IS. 21 51 B.|.20|N. 77 w.l.10| 72
ee iy Winter 4) 3] 12/ 20| 68] 50] 68| 19| 23| 10] 8] 9] 6] 2) 12} 3) Gls. Go 41 E.| 1588. 763 B. |.34 | 108
2 T avee geen || eel ea el a eel i ea a a coll cee BHD BE) ane, 7 Po geen w. | 349
51 (, Spring 13] 5° 23) 43) 42] 65! 90] 35 23} 9) 25) 6) 8 8) 9) 7 9/8. 60 22 B./ .51,N. 88 ©. |.28 ) 140
tude || Summer | §/ 1) 3) 3) 18) 13) 28] 13/ 12) 17] 32) 13] 17/ 6] 8| 18] 15's. 16 19 w.| .26| N. 874 w.|.234| 75

Eeuettnde 4 Autumn | 15] 5) 17) 21) 32] 25| 55] 39) 57 40] 65| 14/ 19) 10| 33 11] 9S. 4 34 B. | .33/ S. 634 W.|.154| 156

epee || Winter | 25|| ¢| 1s| 7| 65| 47| 77| sol 40! isl acl 5] 91 91 gol a4 33/S. 50 13 E. | .36| N. 884 B. |.11 | 159
BeAr eam ese lle) oll cl cl cleeleeae at mol sil ete os lose
59. [| Spring 12) 3] 25) 14) 31] 96/404)292/209, 48) 94) 20| 46) 12) 18) 9 818. 37 7 E. | .66 | N. 89 EB. 11 | 455

Loeritnde || Summer | 17] 2) 18) 16) 33} 28/136] 22) 67) 12) 55] 5] 34) G| 27 i) 5/8. 24 32 E. | 40) N. 34 W.!.20 | 164
eae | Matar. | 12) 9] 5| 3| ¢| 16 72| 55) 95) 16) 43, 7) 24, 4) 14! 10) 14/5. 41 24 Tb. | .67|N. 80 &. |.16 | 135
Aes te | Winter 4; 0/ 3 1] 8| 13] 95] 86] 85) 36] 17| 15] 23, 4) a] 0) J\s. 10 35 u.|.73|8. 40 w.l.24 | 131
moe. (| The year! | ...] ...| ... seall cz Gea cee|| eeeel oe | eesll eel frbs||-eeel| sore] [secs] | oon tsb (PAN OR etoeH Wey) [eaperente all Ede WLGtsty

53. [| Spring 35] 9) 24 12) 62) 58 330|408/330, 931188) 42) 55) 19) 83, 17/ 41S. 14 0 B.| 63/8. 474 B. |.17 | 569

Mees Summer | 38, 5] 17 11] 34] 54) 53] 20/ 29) 2s) 40] 23| 45] 21) 28| 18] 138. 3 50 W.|.16| N.17- w.l.34 | 156
Tipe ts {| Autumn | 16| 0| 5| o| | 4| 21| 31) 21 35] 23/ 9/13) vl 5| 2] 38:98 1 wi 30|Ni54 Ww. 273] 67
ee Witter 0} | 0} 0} 0} 3) 33) 6o| 6o| 23) 7] | 1] 0| 0 3] OS. 11 28 B.|-87|8. 2238, |.38| 64

Men Giebhepyeartal ee! 3 seal sse| ose ‘ so Golf ye ote pall cos!! occ (8. 3 50 BE. | .50 =60.900000 -- | 856

7

SERIES B.

(Nos. 39 to 53.)

ZONE 24.

WAT. 25°

Indian Ocean.

TO 30°

Ss.

595

From observations for an aggregate period of over 30 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

596 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 54.) Brisbane, Australia.
Observed for two years, March, 1867, to March, 1869, three times a day. Computations made
by Edm. MacDonnell; observer’s name not stated.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
influences.

THE ComMPASs.
= Direction of
aa Bee N. W. | Ca resultant.
or bet. or bet. " act | or bet.
N.& B| E88? | 5. g B.| South oie W. IN. & W.|

Direction.

sultnt tosum

Ratio of re-
of winds.

14

January
February
March
April
May

=

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

NWrONWNatTIasnmnwmnuuwse
i

I
WoODWNWNWHW hws A

bop

bo bo

. 9°39/E. | 3821/8. 54°W.|.2
. 29 41 W.| 40 |S. 44 W.|.
. 27 Alls N.17 E.
. 60 . | .40 | N. 452 E.
3. 50

RPONNWWAWTDDPR rE OR REE DD

RmOmWwWoODPrNNDRR ero pp
ONIDBASCHYHPNPRIAICHO NW UWWH
=

CUNOINPWW WHE PN ORH Ee

co
bo
or

(Nos. 55 and 56.) Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180.°

From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 24 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, superintendent.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
influences.

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation. year.

Eee

Spring 14| 17)127|
Summer 1 + al 4S
Autumn : | 8] 8] 23 ‘ |
Winter | 31] 14] 31 | 8| 2) 0
The year! ‘ ae

Direction.

Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

o
~)
°
bop |
Cw |
45

Tee [
150° to 4
165° E

i=

me po
moe
be bt Ee fe bd dE

i

a ‘eee sal ol age eee lor 3 volo a -
| Summer | § 27| 47) 62 9) 16 7| 76
1

ee Autumn 3) 21| 14] 33 | o4 | 4 ed

180° E.

27 |

| Winter 3 10, 11) 41
| The year! | ...) ...] ... el avo

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ZONE No. 25.
LATITUDE 30° To 35° Soutu.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
14 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 47 years 9 months; at sea for
over 70 years. The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. oof, | Aggregate length of time.
Pacific Ocean, See over 31 years.
South America, T 7 years 9 months.
Atlantic Ocean, omen over 14 years.
Africa, 3 25 years 6 months.
Indian Ocean, pone nearly 25 years.
Australia, 4 14 years 6 months.

SERGE S| Be ZONE 25. Tae /3i0le IYO) 35° 8: 597

(Nos. 1 to 19.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 254 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
geet M. F. RBar, pupenatead eae

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFRRENT POINTS oF THE Monsoon
Compass. influences.

Place of Time of

} Direction of
observation, the year.

resultant. Direction,

to sum of winds

Calm or var.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

(| Spring
Summer
Autumn ~
Winter
The year!
Spring
Autumn

9

(Je)

. 105°8.
80 W.|.:
. 42 &B.
21 E,

Phin, 175°
|W. to 180°

owon
ni A ca

bb

> Ye

: i
SS PRP WNOR: Fawr

61 E, |
84 W.|
603 W.|.094
44 &, |

wh:

7 So ofpoMoOo:

bo obs
A AA WT

et 170°
to a Winter
Spring
Autumn
Winter

eb

non 165°
to vi0° W.

= D oe 2
bath wm wow:

bo
RDARRA RDA P

bop 1S) wp— bop
PEA EA A Al

Summer
The year!
Spring
Autumn
Winter

Summer
The year!

Spring
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

teen 155°
qto ce W.

a
Sat

He
~

| icon 150°
to 155° W.

H 6
TP Rw WPoeonworwpws=t :

H

: ) 8
Di patkawsewwoso :
a

ie 120°
}to 150° W

: wRwOoOb TOTES

aA ABM Ann ACTA
“pngnanannn

soe
: ow
Be)

Autumn

°
Long “io Winter

jito ioe W.

An Ain

| Ree. 105°
fto oo Ww.

Summer
The year!

Autumn | 11
Winter Die 19|

Spring 10)
Summer )
Autumn 5 2 8
Winter 2 uy 18
MG) SER! || cool eel! nal) (Goo]] cel! ceal| Geol) Geel)! o50||) Goo) Goo
Spring 13
Summer 6
Autumn J 14 ra
Winter 23 12
MNY0X=) \72e0! |) cool) Geni] <ce0!) anol} oeo|| cool] coll bool| o00|) o50l) ee
Spring 18 15
Summer ) 12
Autumn 5 6} 18 14
Winter 25 "I
Tine see! |! ocol| coal] ceell aol] cesll cenll ctal|) cecl! col}. cee|! sooe
Spring 3) 32) 28 31
Summer 5 iy) 5) 10
Autumn é 37| 71 59
Winter : 58) 57| 21) 50
The year! | ...| ... 2 coal.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring

a F050
to 1102 W.

on

—
wo tb ow

| ie 100°
|to 105° W.

moe BS oo:
Oo
eos eet

14,
Long. 95°
to 100° W.

Nae = is .
4hhrsgenarg 25 Seg oe pees

1 Awon:

co
lon

14 w.|-
24W.?).
44
41
24
30
14
58

fie 903
to 95° W.

SR: = iE ett Zila S

one 85°
to 90° W.

Baas Bed:

2/411|169) 100
49| 45) 36) 17
145) 86/133) 79
483/256) 88)

Annan

(6
Long. 80°
to 85° W

BE om:
iS

169}162)278) 40
35] 20) 45) 31
52) 50) 33
/180 219/303 75

18.
Long. oe
to 80° W

“10
to co

5 to;
+ OWoo:

36/117 202 104 f
Summer 26) 22) 52) 20) 2
Autumn 22) 59} 99) 23
Winter | 27) a0 283] 75
itepyearl | teealeece|iorol) -o2||*on-|\ cose] Meee| eee] l-nol) len=llf m=

ee: 4 i.
“TIPO: NWOT COURS:

19.
Hong. a
to 75°

a

|
aa
|
Be

|
al

|
{ pring
|
|
|
|
|

l

Hooo: woon:

oe yes

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

598 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 20 and 21.) Central Chili, South America.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Santiago, Chili, by officers of the United States Naval Astronomical Expedition, under command
of Lieut. J. M. Gilliss, from November, 1849, to September, 1852, inclusive.
Valparaiso, Chili, by Messrs. W. J. Ward and Mackey, from May, 1853, to December, 1855,
inclusive, except January and June, 1854.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT Monsoon
PoImnts OF THE COMPASS. influences.

Time of
the year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Place of

observation,
Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

Calm or var.
Number of days.

Spring WCE seal SEAN eee,|| eal ees || deal Pela vax eae . 11°49/ W.|.
Summer |128) ... SiR ase esl oe OW eels eo) aia mee aes 212 47
Autumn | 80) ...| 43) ... Pieces) LA ees MOE ell S28) cas se a |S. 15
Winter OW gol! SHA fell te) doo poll illeccol) Bl col) PAN scal) EN cell IGHS 24
The year! | .. a5 ae cox age ve 34 W.| .053
By ING NTE 54 BW. | 42) 8... 2cees
6 A.M. 5 52
9 A.M. 12
Noon 56
3 Be Me 32
6 P. M. 14
GC) 1S IE
Midnight
Total
3 A.M.
6 A.M.
9 A.M.
Noon
3 P.M.
Gye Mis
9 P. M.
Midnight
Total
3 A.M.
6 A. M.
9 A. M.
Noon
ayes Hus
6 P. M.
9 P.M.
Midnight
Total
3 A. M.
6 A.M.
9 A. M.
Noou
3 P. M.
6 P.M.
ets
Midnight |
Total
The year!

paraiso.

H

rime ote
=)
02 00 WR OO OD WOE

12,156
15} 82
21

orPpPpNoabo:

ms
09

bo
FESR SSUES
oo

Aannrasss>sor wk

NODS PWG W SG GD Orr oH

bw

Wz)

a
AANNNNAANANUNANANAAAANMAAANAyANMM AA AL

wre G
WIPO Ne BE OW R WO:

e

Mwwnrewwowh

@

yt
oY)

bo or Sor AT

O~TIhNe

SAT RRR oe boo

i

Ro RED WATE

Summer
POO RPO mR OH HE Oo

AN GHP WNOr Wwe ty

a)

Ro

-~T
as
oc

or
02 & 09 bo

Feats
bo
SCOPE REUNSIMNSOSOHHSOOSCONND

RwWoSONoCK:,
o

21. Santiago.

25

23|
19 107) 20
6) 37| 9
314) 6
61424 106

NONRWKE RE ROP WH

Autumn
ey

SDAA

bo

Peer COOOoOWwuON
a

WOSCMWTSONAINENWOHATWABS
be

1 oawosoonros
yw

WHONRMAHOWS

| oie 2)

=
cRwWATONNOSOS?
bo bot Or TSO

i 2)
onan

1 moPwpaonc

an

SOE

Winter

eH
a

38)
10)
89| 60 686 120

2
Oo

ob

=
oo
=I

>
+ OG
H
a

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 22 to 25.) Argentine Republic and Southern Uruguay.

~ Observed ai the following places, viz. :—

Buenos Ayres, Argentine Republic, for an aggregate period of 18 months, in the years 1853 to
1856, inclusive.

Maldonado, Uruguay, by Charles Darwin, for 72 days, in the year 1831 or 1832.

Mendoza, Argentine Republic, by Prof. Burmeister, during the year 1857, recorded below in per-
centage of entire number of observations.

Monte Video, Uruguay, by Charles Darwin, for 101 days in the year 1831 or 1832.

Parana, Argentine Republic, by Prof. Burmeister, from May, 1858, to June, 1859, recorded below
in percentage of the entire number of observations.

SERIES B. ZONE 25. LAT. 30° TO 35° 8. 599

(Nos. 22 to 25.) Argentine Republic, ete.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
Dirrerenr PoInTs oF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

Place of
observation.

if

22.
Mendoza |
(percent.). |
l

23.
Parana
(percent. ).

24,
Buenos
Ayres.

Video and

25. Monte {
Maldonado.

Time of the
year.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn

(Nos. 26 to 40.)

Place of
observation,

Time of
the year.

North.

eet SS)

—
MAOABRNAAKRONADDAIOMNEHE TNO wWo

rH eh
Aa ons

Ico Oweoro-T0 to OO OH

tween S.& E.

eb
RoRaATIhDPTNPawwn aod

a)
Re
eS) =
ASW HERAHOCONNHRONWARSO

i
JSP UORSWSOrBaArawseclkse |) Wess

H

ray
POAOCoORWONDE hb

re

N. W. op be-
tween N. & W.

foal)

SclacKESwasaceaacs ssa

bo

a
ISTEP awe

Calm or

Atlantic Ocean.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 14 years, collected and classified from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

OF THE COMPASS.

variable.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

Direction.

| Number of days.

IN. 65° 23/ B. |.27
3. 25 13 ©. |.
. 86 39 E.

- 27 26 E. |\.3:
.64 2258.
North.??

ls. 82 7 Wat]
"44

34 2?

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS

W.N. W.

Direction of
resultant.

Monsoon

influences.

Direction. |

Calm or yar.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

H oR «ob
WUAAW! Wao: &

fas

i

Dhow? WWNNwa

: co mon:

5. 14
86
38
75
79
54
Ut
48

[e} : owt
ARAAAAR AN ALT

ZAAAAAAAAA

IN. 61° 23/ B.

51

0
49
23

6
18
41
59

HrbeS de aaq

E.?) .

Bde ded dhitts

ete

AnnA Anan Anan Anima

CCNA

=

Sleek

amt

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

600 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. ,

(Nos. 31 to 40.) Atlantic Ocean.— Continued. :
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF a2 _Monsoon |

THE COMPASS. 8 influences, «
2 nea
. oN i]
Place of |Time of the - : : . he = » || Direction of a Poe's. 3
observation, year. a A A =| alot Ss ee ; i . | |e] resultant. e2 Direction. : i
alcatel CAC Ca ea eile et ap:
a2\/2/2/8 A] a | Ala jwilE le) ele |e fo ce Ele
(| Spring | 7] 3] 7 4] 5/ 2} al of a{ 2] 5] of oj 93] 18] 20| oN. 9° 8 war] .43|N. 5a° w.l.15 | 23
31. Long. Summer -| 28) 30) 17} 5] 7 17; 8) 6) 1) 13) 9 10) 7% 6) 29) 27; IN. 3 48 W.| .35| N. 223 E. |.08 74
20° to Autumn 55) 16) 42) 12) 21) 22) 41] 19) 37) 28) 43) 25) 45) 9/111) 30) 6 N. 56 13 W.).18) 8. 29 W.).20 | W87
25° W. Winter | 75) 16) 28} 16] 15] 13] 20] 15] 16] 13] 26) 4] 17] 5] 32) 19| 5N. 6 44 E. | .23)58. 59 E 093) 112
{ Ba) SEE || soscll epsl| acl asal) cosl| ces] ocal} sal), oa aaa|| ca cell cell coolHN INO) TAG ANG] GRASS || ace cco ons Boon o's
(| Spring | 13} 11} 7 0} 3} 3) 2) 2 6] 1) 9) 6) 10) 6 23) 13) IN. 39 28 W.?) .43 | N. 492 19 39
32. Long. || Summer | 29) 11} 32) 1) 6) 6) 18 5} 8 13) 17; 16] 10) 17} 38) 20; 5N. 26 28 W.) .25 | N. 363 E. |-02 84
15° to 4) Autumn 46) 14) 45) 11) 27) 13) 38) 27] 28 9} 36) 22) 28) 6) 39) 37) 9N.10 34 W.| 07 |S. 43 HE. |.18 | 745
AQ 2 Wiss Winter 25} 16] 18} 7} 13] 5] 14] 14) 11) 2) 24) 10} 10) 18) 37/ 16} 8N. 31 54 W.| .21| 8. 30 E. |.03 83
(| Dhevyear! | s2.]| 255]! tea] cer) cas) osel| oan mes|) exe|f en ene fetes | tees flee tree! ern) race INS ami UMN ee ec .- | 351
Spring 11) 16), 2) 2) 1) 8 5) 4 6) 19) 3 1) 2) 11) 0) 17) ON. 28 3 W.?| .12| N. 703 HE. |.09 36
33. Long. || Summer | 14 20) 4) 2) 2) 8) 2) 5] 8] 13) 4) 18) 23) 51 6) 17) IN. 65 27 W.) .45 | N. 68 W.).29 | 66
10° to Autumn | 13) 25} 8/ 15] 6) 25) 30) 41) 18} 24) 19) 28) 16) 27) 19) 57| 8N. 72 54 W.| .08|S. 493 E. |.08 | 126
15° W. Winter 15! 9) 2! 13) 5! 8] 10) 19} 91 10) 8] 7 5] 20) 8) 12) 8S. 88 25 W.| .04)|S> 52 E212 56
|elbey year) ieee eee | wae] ose] see] cee] ene]| ese] cen|] eee] oes | Ness|| eaall wee) Gene INey OL 20) WWie| aiL'6))|| | feosnctees | 284
(| Spring 10] 15] 1) 0} o| 2) 2} 4| 4) 3I 5| 7 1) 16) 9) 3] 3,N. 47 52 W.?) 37) N. 18 W.)014 | 28
34. Long. Summer | 13] 9] 9] 8] 2] 9] .3] 22} 6] 8] 8| 15] 11] 18) 6] 20) 2\N.68 8 W.| .15 |S. 67 E. |.15 | 56
5° to | Autumn | 37} 8) 11} 9} 14] 17) 28) 8] 28) 15) 10) 10) 72) 31) 27; 5N.57 1 W.j .22| N. 872 E. 05) ) a5
10° W. || Winter 6| 6| 4 6| 2] 6| 5} 6] 1] 7] 12] 23] 6] 23] 9) 11) 2\N. 82.40 w.7| .35/S. 57 W.ldBR) ap
MBER ae TES Ice! Goal Genlll seoll! ceal| sssil" seal)! o5s]/ 625 eal os ves] vee] eee] ee {N. 68 33 W.] 26 | oo. 0. ee w. | 244
35. Long. Summer 10| 4! Oo} Oo} 2) 5) 9) 23) 2) Tar 7) Da) 7) 22) 5) 3) 3)S. 51 18 We) .29)) IN. 8b) Weed 41
0° to | Autumn 1) 12} 8 17} 8] 16) 3) 1% 8| 28] 11; 21! “ 9) 47) 12, 36) 2N. 79 28 W.| .22|N. 21 W.).25 | 85
5° W. (| Winter 4) 2) oO} 2} 4/12) 4 9) 4) 11) 9} 38) 17) 20) 3] 5) 10/S. 63 57 W.| .44/S. 89 W.ic27 51
36. Long. ( | Summer CH @) aly ay 3] 5] 6 11} 16) 8} 3] 5] 3] 31) 2) 4) 10S. 5034 W.2?) .32)S. 84 W.).12 | 42
0° to | Autumn 5] 17] 2) 30] 11) 22) 15) 73) 13) 23) 1'7) 20) 23) 35) 19] 31) -10|S. 15 15 W.| .15|N. 63 EH. |10)) ae
5° E. U Winter 4, 3) 1) 6 2) 10, 5) 20; 0}; 18) 2) 19) 7 13] 6] 6| 9S. 39 6 W.?| .26/S. 67 W.).03 | 44
37. Long. Summer 9} 0] oO} 0} Oo} 9/11) 8 9] 11, 5 5) 0 14 3) 0} 2/8. 17 9 W-?) 33 |S. 143 .13 | 29
5° to | Autumn 2) 16) 6) 26) 7/102 109/197) 91/190) 50/129) 59/146) 17| 94) 30S. 21 16 W.| .39 |S. 44 W.|.17 | 424
10° E. | Winter O| 7 0} O!f 1} 21; 10) 40! 21) 21) 14) 14) 1) 14 0) 0 Ze 0 27 E. | 51/8. 23 E. |.34%) 62
rae 1} spring 5| 9, 4| 2) 21 17/19/18] 4] 4] 5] 13| 92] 16) 11/13] 18. 232 w.?|.07|N. 46 E. |.17| 48
sow ° ¢| The year! | calles: 3 lhe Suga e 5 7awalliecoul eee 948

10°E. J y seal cesses sce fcc seca el cf lhe 0cp| fees - |S. sye2eh|| eer aed
Spring 3} 1 0} 4} 1) 93} 56) 53/ 18) 31) 15) 24) 8) 13) 11! 6) 10/S. 24 29 EH. | .53/S. 86 EH. |.18)) 106
39. Long. ( Snmmer 9] 11; Oo} 5] 3} 21) 23) 33) 25) 19) 10) 13) 8) 10; 8 18} 6S. 3 56 EB. | .28|N. 7 EH. |\.20) 7
10° to {| Autumn 13} 21 3| 10| 5) 98/112)285'115)159) 56/185) 63) 92 32| 42) 32/5. 14 6 W.| .48| N. 89 W.|.16 | 441
15° E. (| Winter 0} 0 | 1] 4] 19) 42) 49, 28] 43) 9] 15) 3] 18) 2) 2 5S. 4 43 EB.) 64/8. 33 E. |.17 80
Mle yea! (| fsa || keel Gell ce ned eee ates eee meee ieee ee ra] Joa] eae 5) OREN 47 ee 711
(| Spring 6} 5 4) 17) 16) 60) 27) 39} 20) 22) 13) 19) 19) 27} 6} 5).15\S. 23 1 E. | 33) N. 503 E. |-10 | 107
40. Long. || Summer 2; 2 6 6) 5) 14) 8 12) 3) 7 6 6) 3) 8 2 5) 3S. 35 25 E.?) .22) N. 22 B20) es
15° to {| Autumn 3} 5; 2! 7 3) 38] 41) 50) 17) 48} 7] 31) 11) 23] 13) 7] 5S. 0 8 W.| .42/S. 442 W.!.07 | 10s
20° E. | Winter 3} 1| 1) 7 4] 45) 38) 52) 36) 71) 21) 29) 9] 19) 6 5) 8S. 4 52 W.| .56)S. 274 W.!.20 | 118
|The year! | ...| ...| el | ml gcra keel gael ess | Seal Sea eae 2 (8-8 dl e|)-37 |) eee 362

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
(Nos. 41 to 45.) Cape Colony, South Africa.

Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Capetown, at the Observatory, during the years 1842 to 1855, and 1862 to 1865, both inclusive.
Graff Reinet, during the years 1863, 1864 and 1865.

Graham’s Town, during a period of 44 years, 1854 to 1859.

E. by S.

328|1017| 423
217| 239) 55
400)1304) 440
409 1652) 569

-~I
ray

= omocobn

Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

41.

=
( Spring
J

Capetown. |

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.of
resultant.

Ratio of re-
sultant to
sum of
winds

N. W. by N.

o
(=
Direction. i)

N. 19° W. | .05
N.12 W.| 29
S. 13 E. | .09
S. 9 E. | .25

uo
wo

Spring 9 | 35 | 5 78| 60 | 10: 906] 128 | 13/8, 39° 29/ W.
41 Summer § } 3 | 253) 65 si 33 |S. 83 43 W.
5 Autumn | 28 2 2 Sk 7 681, 97) 166 BS.) Aoetod) Wie
Winter | 148 Dl pe 58) 3| 66] 576 79) 9|S. 15 22 W.
The year! Fey | PRA lite | vovialfaazeall esse Geeal|iiceres Mliarceia homecameee Oma NV

ip bo
Oo

Capetown.

to en
oat

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 25. LAT. 30° TO 35° §. 601

(Nos. 42 to 45.) Cape Colony .— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction |
of
resultant.

Place of Time of
observation, the year.

be-

Direction.

Ratio of resultant

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
S. E. or
Ss

S. W. or be-
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.
Calm or

variable.

to sum of winds.

AADOWOMIAWNWWWNHWHWNNNWNNWHRrPWWNHEHYPNHHErE hb whhb tween

North.
West.

January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
The year
January
February
March
April
May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer ©
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April

May

June
July
August

44 & 45.
September
Graham’s Town. Ostoues

42.
Capetown.

bo
CO RNNWFrOrPNNNwWoNMwWhbHee

tbo

ra
AWEPODNPWWNHRWAIAMNOPENPNNWNNWHPHRHEH

PS

ADA EPHNPHNHENPNON OOD H WWW OOP iB OO 49 Oo bb

8. 35°20’ W.| .

43.
Gratf Reinet.

RWI OMAHM OAR HWW ATIOWMDMWOAAE

i
=)

N. 324°W.|.
North
Si c4teene
Ss. 82 E.

—a—
ae
eho
Go Co o>

iw)
aS
Or
is)

November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

Ses o o>, UUs Ol Ul alo ole olkvo}

H
RO or TO OT WO HATO

ha

MAO OMT wh Rom ow we bb

LS
oreor

b

ND ka
oc

ATO PONNWWHHEEEDwWHWINONWHOSOHH OHH EHO OC OC OOOO OOO COS
BOON TAWREWNSOSCHNNNRTRONNOSCSCOCOHHOHHOHHESO OSC OOOSoH CO | East.

CWNHWHEOHPHOHME EE HHOLS

bo
bo
Le}
I
oo

(Nos. 46 to 67.) Indian Ocean.
From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 25 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of the
resultant.

observation. year. Direction. |

variable.
to sum of winds.

Calm or
Number of days.

Ratio of resultant

Aj :
a 1 |
wi i | a

(| Spring 6) 11 9 25 13} 60) 53
Summer 12 13 6) 25] 11| 62) 44) £
Autumn alte) alts) 3 16! 9) 45] 38
Winter | 14) 22, 15 30} 27) 97) 57
Men years eee |i eee) e+] c-a|\ ese |esellce=|| see] ===!) '==|) enn]! ==>] oe.
Spring ; 19) 63) 22) 27) 78) 45 93) 37
Summer § 2, 16 15) 41) 43141 42)
Autumn 19, 18 21} 48) 35 70) 15
Winter | 6 27| 50 AT 85) 53120) 36
‘tine seen! | opel eal Pct eel Piael fae esse pice Reel tee) rales. face

69°29) Wi}.

—
on 09

RADAR AAA

EL
Ww.

_ ARAN nunAm
“HSde reas

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

76 June, 1875.

602 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 48 to 67.) Indian Ocean.— Continued.
2 ets SS SS SE 2 SE ES SS Se es ,
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF 725-9 Monsoon
THE COMPASS. Gs influences. a
| | | z= a
se I
Time of 5 2 | : |_| Direction of |S 2
hanes the year. Ar: A a} Eel alee al eile a 54 resultant, | °5 | Direction. 4 8
E\4[ a) e |e) al ailal S| ale} |e) 4] | ee 29 eae:
Be [ e/a) Al el ala ala) | BLE | | zoe a B| B
| Spring | 40|112| 81/115| 47| 72| 44114] 38{142| 53] 47| 27| 28 10] 49| 1ols. 65°597&. |.19 | s. 794°R. |.87 | 343
Long. | Summer | 34) 83) 49) 34] 11) 20) 17] 37] 23] 90] 39) 45] 19) 30, 25) 62) 7/N. 43 41 W.|.09 | N. 61 E, |.15 | 208
“des to | Autumn | 20) 85] 45] 72| 14] 28] 22/ 35} 24) 63) 55| 51] 15] 19) 24! 49| SIN. 37 4 E. |.06 | N.74 E, |.24 | 210
35° E a)! Winter 33)143] 99/211] 56| 86) 44] 87] 58)108] 37| 62) 20] 9/ 4] 16) 20/5. 87 33 E. |.33 |S. 894 E. |.52 | 364
Phe year! | sc] sash. aae|) seal! eel) ceul ee|| esse] esl l ease Pea celles eri ee [Reel eens Nee) | 1 | we [1125
Spring 33} 72) 31/107| 30) 63] 30) 72] 31) 62) 37| 37/ 6) 35) 8) 38) 11/S. 80 46 E. |.21 |S, 22 E. |.11 | 234
49. Long. f Summer 8] 36] 18] 26] 10| 24] 1] 20) 9] 33) 11) 17] 8] 22) 2 52) SIN. 7 24 E. |.13 | N. 694 W.|.16 | 101
35° to {| Autumn | 16/ 82) 29] 39) 13) 27/ 17] 18] 13] 30| 16) 29) 6] 16) 8 45] 5|N. 30 58 K. |.24 | N. 16} W.).14 | 135
40° E. || Winter 15| 58| 42/143] 50| 83) 27] 64] 37] 52) 17| 24) 15) 21! 15] 40] 10/s. S88 7 E. |.34 |S. 64 E. |.19 | 238
| The year! | ...] ...) ---] --] coo] ene] ces] eee] eee] coe] eee] see] cee] se] cee] oer] coe. 66 44 EL /.18 | oo... => | 08:
| Spring 16) 28! 30] 42) 17) 36! 25/ 21! 6) 43) 10) 16) 15) 11) 7 21) 3/5. 87 27 E. 20 |S. 17 E. |.08 | 116
50. Long. | | Summer 6} 5| 11] 10) 2] 12/ 7] 7] 5) 9) 5] 6] 1) 7| 2) 23) 8|N. 37 26 E.?/.12 | N.77 W.|.10 | 42
40° to Autumn | 12} 42} 28] 11] 12) 24) 7] 16] 7 7| ‘7 19) 1) 16, 17] 17) 22IN. 30 28 E. |.24 | N. 214 W.|.15 | 88
45° E. Winter 7] 28} 10} 80] 26] 53] 17] 25| 7] 34) 5| 22) 5) 21) 8] 19! 9/5. 88 7 HE. |.30 |S. 564 BE. L15 | 125
The year! | ... a | ae [eee el ie besl|| aeel| Beni) cese|emeell| wesl| Ne ROMS OIE [19] |) Seeman we | OMe
51. Long. {| Spring 11] 36] 16] 17] 8] 25|-19] 20] 3] 22] 1/ 18] 1) 4) 9] 15) 5/N. 78 23 B. |.22 |S. 63 E. |.d4 | 47
45° to { Autumn 9] 14] 15] 8] 12! 9] §] 13] 11] 12) 2] 14] 4) 13 13] 33] 4/N. 2 26 W..19 | N. 50 W./.12 | 65
50° BE. | Winter 8} 15] 5] 42} 14] 44) 3] 27|/ 8] 14] 5] 5] 8! 8 4] 25] QIN. 89 53 EB. |.31 |S. 64 EL [25 | 479
rep | Summer | 12| 14| 5] 10] 9 4! 13] 15 6| 4| 24 7] 8/ 1| 28] olN. 40 41 w.l.14 |s. 89 w.|.48 | 52
55° EB The year | 2.) o..) .2.) 22] see] eee] eee awe Spal) cea sol) coo|) acolo GE) dtr SDS AMEE || sans sacon «. | 488
53. Long. {| Spring 19] 46| 7/17] 2| 33] 10] 25] 2! 6] o} 3] oO} 21) 9] 14] 5\N. 38 31 E. |.31 | N. 374 E. |.21 | 7B
50° to { Autumn | 11] 19] 10] 23| 4/ 15] 10) 25| 4] 30) 3] 27| 4) 29) 11) 15) 3/S. 77 36 W.|.05 |S. 52 W.|.164| 84
55° E. || Winter 7| 23] 1) 28] 3] 30) 6] 13] ©] 9] Oj 12) 4] 6] 6] 26) O|N. 51 24 E. |.27 |S. 63 E. |.16 | 58
54. Lon
55° en } Autumn | 11} 29] 8] 57] 15] 65) 36] 71] 34] 78) 52] 72] 8] 53) 38/135) 29/s. 58 42 W.|.09 | N.47 W.|.05 | 257
60° E.
AR Bon Spring 2) 14 5] 6] 3] 13/ 6] 8] 15] 18} 3] 7 6] 17) 14] 20| O/N. 81 31 W.|.12 | N. 883 W.|.23 | 52
55° ae | Summer 6} 11! 5] 3! of 8 4) 9g! 4) 22) 2) 10) 8 12) 7 11) 4/N. 65 39 W.?.18 | N. 79 W.|.288) 42
66° E Winter 11) 4| 1/14] 3) 24] 121 15| 4] 21) 7] 8] 12) 2) 6] 40) 5S. 14 2H. |.003/S. 83 W.|113] 63
{ The year' | ...| ... a me a PA ere ee | soo} ene/N (84. 4210 | er || Oeceteees ss | OTR
56. Long. :
60° to f Autumn | 34) 47/ 16] 34) 19} 14] 45/117) 56] 94) 49/174) 50/113) 64/150] 43/s. 78 56 W.|.28 |S. 803 W.|.26 | 373
qa ih Il
Deen. Autumn | 96| 96] 35| 76| 24) 67| 38|100| 55/154) 58/223) 92/223 102/175] 61/N. 79 5 W.|.28 | N. 894 B. |.43 | 558
a | Winter 3' 13] 1/11] ©} 9] 9] 112] 4] 26) 9] 22] 1] 18) 7] 13] 6IS. 57 21 W.|.22 |S. 23 W.|.07 | ba
58. Long. (| Spring 1} 21] 4/15} 7| 21] 9] 11) 19) 3: 5} 4 5/10; 8] 8 Ols. 79 34 EB. |.21 | N. 87 E. |.87 | 50
65° to Summer | 14} 5] oO} 7| 2| 4] 7| 12] 11| 13] 6] 26] 6] 21) 5) 13] 6IS. 77 18 W.].18 | N.43 W.|.02 | 58
75° E WW Where 38l| Sealleeca|) coll stall cekl| eeell) cox)| ecsalf: pea||) eecl) cal) cen|| etal) nce +18. 70, 14: Wily) |)) eee w. (1439
Hes ené || Autumn | 63) 57) 20 51] 20122] 54]127| g9|233| 78/231) 85/336) 84.221| 63)s, 79 40 W.|.31 | N. 88} W.|.14 | O45
75° E. Winter 5| 5] 5] 8} o| 12/ 4] 16] 8] 28] 16] 41) 16] 31] 8| 18] 14's. 68 47 W.|.38 |S. 674 W.|.20 | 78
60. Long.
75° to . }. asuma 24| 26] 8] 15] 12) 37] 9) 59] 17| 72| 30) 66] 52) 67) 39.110) 22\N. 87 11 W.|.28 | N. 68 W.J.11 | 222
80° E
61a Mone ] | Spring 11} 28} 7) 19) 6) 41] 17) 24) 8/17) 8) 9} 2) 24 2) 11 9'8 73 20 EB. |.19 |S. 86 E. |.36 81
75° Ge Summer 8) 4) 2) 6] 6] 17) 3) 15) 3) 34 22) 45) 24] 40] 19) 42) 12/S. 86 54 W.|.41 | N. 884 W.j.23 | LOL
85° z Winter 9| 11] 10| 19] 7| 26] 12] 26] 4] 35] 20) 24] 17] 25] 24) 32] 20\s. 72 56 W.|.13 |S. 784 EB. |.04 | 107
Thelyear’||\ seca) pace acai less se col 3 a S. 81 8 W.J.18 | essere - | 743
62. Long |
80° to i Autumn 4| 17| 1) 20] 6| 8] 18] 53] 16] 66| 41/108] 51] 83] 41/130] 34/s. 89 11 wW.|.42 |N. 5 W.|.34 | 232
85° E
(| Spring 6| 24} 8| 9] 12) 18} 5] 13] 14] 28) 25] 14) 16) 17/ 2) 17] 10/s. 40 15 W.].14 |S. 50 E21 | 79
63. Long. | | Summer o| 5} Oo} 5] o| 9) 3] a} 3) 12] 9 5) 6] 8) 6) 13] 1)N. 8850 W.2/.25 | N. 61 W.|.08 | 27
85° to 4| Autumn | 13| 5{ 3] 6] 1) 8] 10| 12] 4| 35/ 38) 28] 24) 21) 12) 32) 2s. 72 52 W.|.42 |S. 69 W.|.24 | 88
90° E. | | Winter 12| 7 5} 16] 9] 27] 2! 17] 5] 8! 6] 12) 5] 39] 14] 19] 11/N. 24 12 W.|.08 |N.52 E. |.18 | @
suey see ssl] Grell cool) seal] Gaal) coal) ccull crcl} coal) ceo “os see|Se 78) LO Wal 18) |) esneeee 262 7
(| Spring 4) 14| §| 15] 3] 14] 21) 12] 7] 15] 11] 7 9] 21) 9| 9) 88.10 4 E. |.061|N. 892 B |.18 | 62
64. Long. | | Summer 1} 2) ©} 2) 1) 10) 1) 10] 3) 32) 29) 20) 15) 30) 12) 941 25.73 4 W.l.51 |S. 75 W.|-32 | 69
90° to | Autumn 6| 32] 4] 12] 3] 25] 12] 9] 14! 64] 32] 47| 11] 52) 29) 29] 6S. 74 34 W.|.29 |S. 84 W.|.10 | 129
95° EK. || Winter 17| 10] 7] 19) 9] 34] 1] 12) 9] 16] 98] 18] 7| 17) 12/14) 9IN. 53 8 BE. |.04 | N. 67 E. |.23 |)
|| The year! Fe A\lssel vault cacel cave! sell ieee [tenes | eee lees ume tt wee leone Poeeel| et cel trees SRG OWED ORV | 5109 | NNeeennaennS _ | Sze
Spring 8| 14} 3] 13] 16! 20] 17] 12] 9] 13] 24] 18] 11] 25) 10) 12) 7/S. 34 27 W.|.10 IN. 74 BE. |.20 | 7
65. Long, || Summer | 2| 7| 0] 0} 8|> 8| 0| 3) 9) 31| 16| 40) 11) 17) 12) 12 0S. 66 12 W.|.50 8. 73 W.|.22 59
95° to Autumn 0| 21) 2} 4! 3] 8] 5] 19] 14! 36] 15| 54) 32] 48] 15| 13] 1/8. 73 27 W.|.47 N. 884 W.|.20 | 97
100° E. Winter 1} 8} 3] 13] 13] 51] 21| 31] 22) 24) 2! 27| 10) 35) 22) 17| 23's. 5 43 EB. /.12 N. 86 E. |.26 | 108
Th avy.earks |i ceclise|tcocl cosy cess cecal assets cool eamerenee [eee lattes freee farses | eters |fuerc | eect Seu Oye 42a WW hos gale 341
(| Spring 13] -s/ 8] 10] 8] 11| 44] 29] 38| 24] 32] 16] 22) 5) 19} 4| 12's. 5 30 W./.34 |N. 70 E, |.10 | 101
66. Long. | | Summer o| of i] o| 2) 1] Oo] 5) 3] oO] 9} 3] 5) 4! 5] 2] 1's. 36 40 w./.23 |N. 4 W.|.19 | ie
105° to 4| Autumn | 16) 7] 5) 0) 11) 23) 28) 40] 86/ 31| 45| 24) 81) 18) 27, 4/ 15S. 33 34 W.|.42 | N. 78 W.).11 154
110° E. | | Winter 5| of 2) o| 6] 2) 40) 32] 61) 28] 40] 13] 13) 1/15) 1] OS. 9 45 W.|.63 |S. 5 BE. |.1b | 87
UP euS eee |onll cca oll coolh col] coll sa5|] cal], coal|) cael} cael] co0)| ceal] oca}) ore --1S. 73 43 W.|.39 | <s0enee- -- | 354
(| Spring 38} 9] 13] 11] 57| 28/136] 66|174| 52] 78] 50] 63} 4| 23) 7| 8S. 30 56 E.|.47 |S. 81 E. }.22 | 278
67. Long. ||Summer | 10] 0} 6] 6| 8| 5/11] 7 20| 11] 29) 19| 25] 22) 24) 5] 3's. 53 38 W.|.38 |N. 29 W.|.24 | Ul
110° to {| Autumn 8| 3] 5] 3) 17| 13] 35] 60] 75] 41/150) 47| 81] 21| 39] 5] 32's. 38 22 W.|.58 |S. 834 W.|.18 | 196
120° E. Winter 1} 7 5] 2] 23! 34!156/126/246! so\117| 55] 85] 44] 35) 4! 5S. 70 56 W.|.60 |S. 314 HE. |.19 | 342
[ The ryGareall cee celles soe socal ress lbaeeee| eee mess (ieee eal eee | eee | Ieee meee 8. D2) Aa Weg acceso 882

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIE

(Nos. 68 to 71.)

Observed at the following

S 1B. AO WI QB IAW BOS MNO) Bio ts.

Australia.
places, viz. :—

Adelaide, South Australia, during the years 1859 to 1863 inclusive.

Buchsfelde, South Australia, by O. Schombur

Freemantle, West Australia, during the years 1854 and 1855.
Sidney, New South Wales, at the Observatory, by W. Scott and George R. Smalley, during the
years 1860 to 1863 inclusive, 1867 and 1868.

Place of
observation,

Bees.

Rieiiie

set

)
|

Time of
the year.

January
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May

June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE

North.

or be-
tween N. & E.
East.
S. E. or be-
tween S. & E,
South.
tween S. & W.
N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or

N.

a S. W. or be-

variable.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

See eCooo
SHE PWOnWaRhanawan
bo bo iB 0 Go Mort
fe
Sommremetoiwe: | WE
hwwwaiwtwpNwwpee

1

pH
D&D G
PwwhwoakeE pee whaARo ar

areRe
pwousatr TNTWAIWwWP moO WoN

eS
WWRITRDOMDOUANARRRONWROOFrrF

AWOWNNHEE HEE PROT NWRADBNH wD
OPTION RW DENN WH NTO OAR

TAT HOCOPRPRWWHWWaASAT

= wR eS
SRM O RWW ED NPNNEREROP RITE BMW RDP RDN
=

SOI Oro eS bo bo be Oo bo

hoc
i ieyier)

ive)
H> 0D <O bow b
CP wWoo

& ey

=I

mo
own

bb weatatTSO-.

09 bo bo bo”

ra ;
WH PRATOTTR DHE:

a ar Ronit

Pee DPE NNE Heer:
bo 09 bo 09 BO

i ork ~~)

e
obpantoaubr

=
H

or 09 OT GO
onpe
6 OO

He

oo 02 09

THARDMEPNWNNHNHRAGAT:
Piast sb
eho
Or

51

a
iS
aX
oo

OH WNWORMEPHEHEHORPHHHO: i iii tiis :

1 Months and seasons for the last three years only.

NMNNANNMNMN'A DA
ted bet be dd tt tt

603

’

«, from January 1850, to June 1851, inclusive.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

604 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 72 to 77.) Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180°. x
From observations for an aggregate period of over 54 years, collected and ciassified from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT fs Monsoon
POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. the year, Direction,

|

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.
Number of days.

Calm or var.

7/S. 66°20/E, |.

Spring
|S. 30 58 W.|.2

72 Long. f Summer
151° to | Autumn - 66 36-E. |.
160° E. Winter | | : . 8t 16 E. |.37

DU 28 | Real Geral eos! coalp ccco)| Gcol)) acl) Sec|) eceo|) call ccc|) 024) coal| cool!) col) cosl), “cos|fBe (OS) IL

=

om host

Winter | | 11] 6] 38 22 i IS. 88 23

74. Long.
165° to

170° E.
ry | Sprin
‘ie Lo [ Sainine:
160° to 4) 4
Tem ich ait eee
| eB) SSP I a6! coo|| ool] sooo) aoe
| Spring 9) 31
76. Long. | | Summer 6} 13) 9) 12
170° to Autumn 22 19
175° E. Winter | 91
_| The year! : |
(| Spring
177. Long. | | Summer §) 14
175°. {| Autumn | 2: 19 2) 27) 13)
to1s0°. | | Winter 6} 56| 43/213) 66,138) 22, 74, 20)
L| The year! | ... Sell peal) Sao|| acl! wese||| Sool) eeoll “ass
{

1
a

69o

ise)
100 =T

ts

1
5

10

58

enh:

Oe
Tata A ta ta oa ta A ot cata tt

boboate:

oon won:
bo

bo
i=)

ns

bo:

a lll)
Poorest!

29
10
3] 26| 3)

14] 21

bo:

g Es :
onan:

99)
22)

the resultants for the seasons.

ZONE No. 26.
LATITUDE 35° To 40° SoutH.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
19 stations on land, for an aggregate period of about 64 years; at sea for
about 95 years 6 months. ‘The distribution is as follows:—

Where observed. Fees | Aggregate length of time.
IF ai
rz z — =z aes.
Pacific Ocean, yeas nearly 20 years.
Atlantic Ocean, he tens 21 years 6 months.
Tndian Ocean, Rev s.5 over 54 years.
Australia, 14 31 years 4 months.
New Zealand, 5 about 33 years.
(Nos. 1 to 26.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.
From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 17 years, collected and classified, from ’

the logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Monsoon

influences,

| RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE CoMPASS,

Direction

Place of ob- | Time of the
of resultant.

servation. year, 3 ls | ay
Zw |

Direction,

Calm or
variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,
Number of days,

| Autumn | 23| 17/ 0 N.13 6 W.).283] North.

DP WY | . ‘ as
| Winter 39) 23) 33] 17 | IN: 39) did) Bl PS 5m ING oes
|

to 180°
2. Long. |
170° to | Autumn 107 of ” 13] 61 5 /126 us N. 51 45 W.!.32 | N. 60 W...20

175° W. | |

de tone: | Spring 17| 13| ol N. 41° 28’ w.!.20 | N. 49° w.l.

(Nos. 3 to 26.)

Place of
observation.

3. Long.
165° W..
to 180°
4, Long.
165° to
175° W.
5. Long.
165° to
170° W.
6. Long.
160° to
165° W.
7. Long.
150° to
165° W.
8. Long.
155° to
160° W.
9. Long.
150° to
155° W.
10. Long.
140° to
150° W.
11. Long.
120° to
165° W.
12. Long.
120° to
150° W.
13. Long.
120° to
140° W.
14. Long.
110° to
120° W.
15. Long.
100° to
120° W.
16. Long.
95° to
120° W.
17. Long.
100° to
“110° W.
18. Long.
85° to
120° W.
19. Long.
95° to
100° W.

20. Long.

95° to
100° W.
21. Long.
90° to
95° W.
22, Long.
85° to
95° W.
23. Long.
85° to
90° W.

Time of the

year.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

SERIES B. ZONE 26. LAT. 35° TO 40° S. 605

Pacific Ocean.— Continued.

Monsoon

THE COMPASS, influences.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

Calm or

Summer
The year!

Spring
Winter

Autumn

Autumn
Winter

Spring

Autumn
Winter

Autumn
Winter

Wiuter

Summer
The year!

Spring
Autumn

Winter

Winter

Spring
Autumn

Summer

Winter

The year!

Wiuter

Spring
Autumn

Winter

Summer

Spring
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

The year!

- 33° 14’ W.!. b
pew) Ge ViYoloJlil |) ceoccacon

- 39 22
- T1 44

- 75) 12

- 79 38 W.?|.
44 40 W.).4:

3744 W.}.

- 48 36 W.}-

59 15 W.|-30 | ....

. 41 31 W.?

- 46 46 W.|.
. 60 26

- 56

a
is

12

St)
=)
=

11
12
46
71
9
82
143

ra

—

_
mDoownmonw
iS
EP OrHaDAWAS0

pi

; : eto
1 OOGNM! WHAO!: THHORADMS
_
he

poe

@oumsn:

180
62|
178,
459 5

tH

1 OrBoO:

200
2| 26
111
366

ERAA BRAA WRamamA w

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

606

of different sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory,

(Nos. 27 to 45.)

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Atlantic Ocean.

From observations for an aggregate period of 214 years, collected and classified, from the logs

M. F. Maury, Superintendent, as follows, viz. :—

under the direction of Capt.

} Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF £4 Monsoon
THE COMPASS. £q influences. oe
a] Fig | Ey
i fth | | : S > |_| Direction of BS 6
eunerpouens pone ag is A | | A A} Ala = a 2 P a = 52 meeaifetes BE Direction, . 8
flzlalelélalalalS| ale] 4) 3/4] 2] 4 las Zo | 2| #8
z(2Z\2\d/8]a|alalalalulel ele] e| eis | 2
|
PY Lone ia | |
55° | Spring “| 9] 8} 1) 06] Oj 10] 8] 11] 9} 22] 6] 11) 16] 13/9] 7S. 81°13/W.?] .30]| ......... 49
60° W.
(| Spring 52) 17| 26] 3/ 13] 8] 39] 19] 42] 22) 43] 15) 48| 28) 42) 17] 10/S. 85 20 W.| .21 | N. 89° W.|.20 | 148
28. Long. Summer 8} 1) 19] 10) 1] 1] 12) 4/ 16) 0) 10) 4) 9) 2) 1) 1) OjS. 54 57 Bt .15)S. 628 B. |.14e) 38
50° to | Autumn | 30] 18] 49] 24] 26] 13/ 33] 15] 41] 25] 24) 17] 15] 14) 12) 9] 16/S. 70 38 BE. | .14/S. 784 B. |.14 | 127
60° W. Winter | 52| 18] 47| 7| 16| 14] 35] 18] 22] 20) 51] 12) 38] 14) 39] 17| 14|N. 45 0 W.| .10| N. 364 W.|.15 | 142
f The year! ee\| ccc)! cool) pall acs anil] 365 360) ) ceo) coe: Ligh LAS Win) O20 |) Sccesiaedenn | 450
29. Lon |
50° to | Spring 45| 8] 18) 2) 13] 8| 29) 11) 31/ 13] 21] 9] 37| 12| 29) 8] 3/N. 84 58 W.|.13|N. 78 W./.01 | 99
55° W.
(| Spring 64| 16] 35/ 15) 13] 10! 28] 9! 38] 12) 53] 15! 44) 29! 60} 29] 25)N. 53 8 W.| .21| N. 13 E. |.07 | 165
Bi en Summer | 12| 4| 22/ 10) 5| 4] 8] 8| 10] 14 41) 20] 27) 8] 20] 5) 7S. 73 44 W.| .28/S. 35 W.|.17 | 7B
| Autumn | 61] 37| 77| 32, 29] 12] 26) 29 47| 56 95| 38| 44 51) 74) 54 20N. 66 11 W.) .17| N. 59 E. |.02 | 261
50? W. || Winter [106] 31] 70| 30) 58) 24| 33) 26| 57| 31 97| 24] 64) 18] 83] 61) 25|/N. 32 53 W.| .14| N. 582 E. |.11 | 279)
(| Thelyear! |! s..) osc] 3 |heee s5|Nee70) 35) Wei 208 |) eee w. | 780
(| Spring 18| 14) 8] 1| 6| 4| 21/ 3] 18] 14 68] 14] 24! 6] 46) 7| 15/S. 74 54 W.|.34|S. 53 W.|.14 | Som
31. Long. | | Summer 15) 9) 6] 2) 10; 1) 8) 9) 8 7 16 11} 18] 4] 20) 4) G/N. 83 56 W.| .21|N. 21 E. |.03 | SU
40° to. 4| Autumn | 53] 23] 53) 13) 37| 10| 27| 21) 29] 55, 76| 57| 45) 45) 63] 23) 19/N. 89 11 W.| .21| N. 22 E. |.04 | 216
45° W Winter | 35] 16) 31) 11) 40) 11) 22) 13) 35] 27| 39] 25] 37) 33) 53) 22} 8|N. 75 42 W.| .15 | N. 623 E. |.08%| lod 9)
im The year! | ... oat esas | 4 eee cael eee Hal Reees bea eeeel| sels (89) (2 Wis 22) |) See «» | SILOM
(| Spring 11] 2} 1) 6 3] 5) ¥| 2) 7 10, 15] 11) 4| 1) 18] 13] 9|N. 8736 W.?| .22| N. 28 E. |.04 | 42mm
32. Long. ||Summer | 5| 3| 4) 3 9] 6] 4] 5) 14) 12| 28) 16] 21) 21] 18; 9] 3)S. 74 13 W.|.40|S. 46 W.|.143| 60M
35° to Autumn | 24| 11] 10, 7 8] 6] 16| 7 14) 13/ 37| 24] 16) 14) 22) 9) GJS. 81 33 W.| .23|S. 653 B. |.06 | 81%)
40° W Winter | 41| 7| 31) 5| 7 2/13] 6) 31| 22 43] 21| 51) 21) 41) 35) 17/N. 73 53 W.| .32| N.15 W.|.10 | 130m
The year! |) -.|| s.-}|| xs-i| <c-| e=>|| aanl| cell seel|| emi!) exe}|l2e=]) =re)|l| one a0 . |S. 87 47 W.| 28] .......0.) |) manne eee
aus on Autumn | 12| 4| 9] 3/ 4| 7 9| 2} 5] 11| 21] 11] 23) 5] 20) 10] OjN. 85 56 W.|.31|S. 2 W.|-208) 5am
aes ue f| Wimter | 21/21) 6 2) 5 11) o| 7 4 7 7 6| 2 14 34) ON. 10 51 W.).29/N. 56 E |.27 | 5a
si bong 1| autumn | 14} 3/ 5/ i] 16] 0] 3| o| 13| 3/ 34| 8] 19/ 9] 16] 6] 4/s. 80 50 w.|.20|S. 1 #. |.28))oamm
she ae uD j Winter | 52/ 9| 4) 2] 12) 16] 26] 10] 5] 8] 25| 11| 17] 12) 22] 49) 7/N. 31 16 W.| .23/S. 80 E. |.19) 9am
35. Long. (| Spring 11) 2) 3] 1} 3] 2] 2] o| 4} ¥| 9} 21) 6] 12) 22] 10] 1)N. 72 7 W.2] 49/8. 643 W.).18 | 938)
15° to { Summer | 16] ¥| 12/ 0| 2) 2] 2] 1] 3) 3] 8] 2] 8] 16] 15] 15] o|N. 33 49 W.?| .50|N. 8 EH. |.19 | Sam
35° W Tages || <el| cool} call ox Be eee | cee etal bora eal) aa cea}{) cze|{eeedl) cesNe 52) (52) W2l ec aeeeenene we [E419
siete Autumn |181] 26) 64) 29) 47| 26) 82| 31] 65) 33 172] 66(135) 47/151) 48| 45|N.17 16 W.|.24| East. ).25 | 416°
50 Winter | 84] 8/ 47) 32] 13] 6] 13] 7) 18) 13) 42 = 45| 45) 72) 37] 16|N. 36 22 W.|.37|N. 51 E. |-11 | 1749)
st, Long Autumn ‘119| 31) 23) 25| 24| 6] 17/ 21| 50! 20] 61) 38] 89] 31] 96) 42, 17/N. 54 39 W.| .33|8. 40 E. |.05 | 2378
20° W. Winter |170) 25| 39) 2] 7 1] 5) 2) 27| 10] 94! 24/120] 63/123) 67| 2Q9IN. 50 44 W.| .55 | N. 462 W.|.19 | 2670)
38. Long. (|Summer | 5] 10) 1) 4] 11) 11} 4 8] 10] 13) 19] 28] 26) 10] 34) QIN. 74 44 W.| .35 |S. 162 W.|.034| 671%)
10° to { Autumn | 33) 56| 8] 19] 11| 39] 9] 62) 17| 71] 42/104] 42/139] 92/248) 7/N. 59 18 W.| .42|N. 21 W.|.09 | 338%
15° W. Winter | 24| 23] 14] 14] 4] 14! 11] 37] 29] 64] 31] 85] 47] 94) 46] 87/ 25|N. 85 37 W.| .40|S. 481 W.|.114) 2160
30-, Long: | | Spring 3| 9} 6 4} a] 7 5/12) 2} 2| 5] 3] 24] 20| | 8] 3in. 6037 w.2].22|S. 83 E..14) Sum
fs Say The year! | ...| | Poaceae voles lessen sce) one |Nef69) 62) Welle3D) | eee 134
40. Long. Summer 9} 8| 3] 1] 3] 3] oO} 4! 5] 11] 19) 12) 14] 31) 14) 24) 4|N. 69 46 W.| .43|N. 72 W.|.07 | bog
5° to Autumn | 29] 67! 17] 31| 12) 52} 19) 30] 29] 68) 36) 71] 37] 94) 43/111) 9|N. 64 17 W.| .24/S. 802 B. |.08 | 252)
10° W. || Winter | 28) 21/ 5] 16) 3] 10] 2| 19} 2} 31| 36) 67] 40/102] 46) 84| 9|N. 67 56 W.| -52| N. 654 W.|.14 | Tie
(| Spring 6} 7z| O| 4] o| Oo} 3] 4] 1] 5] 6| 9 5) 16] 13] 14) 1IN. 58 35 W.|.51|N. 21 W.).10)) aL
41. Long. ||Summer | 7 12| 7 5] 1) 9| 10| 5) 10| 15] 14) 14) 21) 36) 8] 29) iN. 68 10 W.?|.35/S. 61 E. |.04§) (66%
0° to Autumn | 23| 94/ 24] 17] 9] 24] 15] 45] 18/100] 26) 92] 39/109] 55/104] 7|N. 70 26 W.|.31|S. 58 E. |.12 | 207%
5° W. Winter | 34) 22) 14] 15] 1/19] 5] 25] 18/101) 44] 97] 67/205/123/144) 15|N. 72 38 W.| .55 |S. 89 W.|.12 | 31605
Nag re || coll eel cell) coal] oa9|] Ba2||° cael), cel} eee vee] see] see] ose] see] cee] ../N- 67 5 Wel -43 || Ocoee ee
Spring 3| 10/ 1) 3] 8] 3] 2| 3] 0} 4] 8| 14] 13] 18] 10] 4] o|N. 7248 W.?| .38|N. 42 E, |.04 Fh ;
42. Long. ( Summer | 12] 4] 4} 9] 5] 4] 2) 15] 7] 14) 6] 25) 22) 39] 7 33) 1N. 74 46 W.| .40) N. 123 E. |.02 OF
0°to 4| Autumn | 22) 45| 18] 17] 2) 18} 8] 26] 27| 63| 19) 75) 45) 88] 26 94) 9IN. 75 23 W.| .36|N. 44 E. |.10 | 20RIR
5° E. || Winter | 10| 12) 8| 10) 5) 24| 7| 50| 28] 87| 18/117] 43/166] 60) 83] 26/S. 87 56 W.| .47|S. 38 W.|.12 | 2609
| The year! | ..] ss.) co:] cee] coe] coe] eee] see] ene] soe] cee] eae] eet] ena] see] ove N. 78 18 W.| .40| ...-.20 | eo MUOMaE
(| Spring 4) 38] 5) 8] 4| 1] 3] 4! 1] 6] 10] 12] 6| 12] 10] 6] O|N. 66 2 W.2] .26|N.58 EH. |.15g) som)
43. Long. | Summer | 12) 5| 2| 9] 3] 4! 6] 9] 15] 17] 10] 19] 19) 45] 17] 32) QIN. 77 © W.| .40|N. 60 W.|.21)) 7o i
5° to Autumn | 30| 29| 17] 15] 24) 26} 7) 62] 28] §7| 27 76| 47|106| 34) 92) 22/s. 88 26 W.| .30|S. 684 E. |.07 | 2439
10° E. Winter | 10| 20) 9} 9| 5| 16| 9! 28] 19'104| 74137] 89,151) 59, 66] 11/S. 82 33 W.|.56|S. 68 W.|.21 | 272 9
ANAC a CAEN Geel| cael onal | cxe|| eal) Goel cenl| ceoll Atoll es Bl) soe|teeee| ese cece) evel Ne 8G) 229) Wel hecs7p leeeeeene w. | 623 fF
Spring B|.7| 2| 5] 4| 14] iv] 18] 2/13] 7| 8] 2] 14] 4] 5] i|s. 14 53 Be] .23| Kast, |.29 | ae
44. Long. ||Summer | 11/16) 1] 4| 4| 16] 16] 16] 14) 40| 13) 24] 14] 36) 16] 14, 5/S. 60 40 W.|.28|N. 14 E. |.083) 879
10° to Autumn | 13) 10] 13] 16| 10] 56] 47 63] 39/118] 64| 96] 50/133] 12) 40] 19|S. 47 30 W.| .39 |S, 424 W.|.06 | 266
15° E. Winter 5| 5] 2| 3] 11] 3] 25] 69] 32) 51| 49/106] 83] 73] 15] 34] 33/8. 59 30 W.| .51/S. 793 W.|.19 | 300 f)
The year! | ...| --.| css] .-.| 2-2] ase] ere] coe] ose] one ol Vocal eeall seca foen|, all ees Sop Ale ania iol eres a. | 596
(| Spring 13] 20] 4} 19) 12) 72) 35] 34] 24] 33] 13) 41] 20) 32) 13] 17| SiS. 12 55 W.| .21|S. 75 B. |.12 | loz}
45. Long. Summer 9} 14] 14) 17) 19] 27| 22) 38] 21) 38] 26) 49) 38| 70) 23] 23) 11s. 63 1 W.| .25|N.43 W-).13 153
} 15° to Autumn | 13) 29| 16] 31] 32) 56] 29| 71| 40/108] 39/124] 63]/125| 48] 49| 20|s. 60 21 W.| .20|S. 75 E. |.10 | 298
20° E. Winter 2) 5| 4| 7| 19| 56] 38] 65| 24) 53| 26) 56] 46|108| 21] 30) 7S. 45 46 W.| .32|S. 513 W'|.09 | 1899)
The! year! || ef] ces|) eer|). <xa|lcceail| ceal|h cex|! covuillconllt ceri fieeni| eeet| eee eteze | etecel|fitewal| rset SAS m O-me ee 777

SERIES B. ZONE 26. LAT. 35° TO 40° S. 607

(Nos. 46 to 71.) Indian Ocean.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 54 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF Ba Monsoon
THE COMPASS. og influences. a
Ze z
Ou ‘)
lace of Time of the Ne a! C 2 f if O os
Biarvation. year. a Bae A Alois 5 : a . iB se ic Pecenon ° 5 | Direction. . o
B/2|8l2(¢]al4)a)Slale/ 4) 2|4|e| alee £6 2/8
Zizlelel/alalaululealalalElele | Z| 216" a. e |e
(| Spring 19} 66) 33) 82] 61/115] 55| 70] 25/107) 65/209|133|192| 51| 48| 47\s. 71° 3/ W.| .21| 8. 89° B. |.10 | 459
46. Long. Summer 36) 53) 26) 41) 20) 29) 9) 24) 32) 79) 78/202/161/274) 53] 96] 23|N. 83 18 W.| .51]N. 59 W.].25 | 412
20° to Autumn 30) 89] 35/110) 79)155) 53] 92) §9)171/112)220/141/283| G7] 70] 32/8. 62 32 W.| .23|S. 66 E. |.10 | 609
25° E. Winter 16) 47] 41/117] 77/106] 38] 94) 78)164'101/291/165|243) 38] 57| 63S. 59 50 W.) .30 |S. 213 E. |.09 | 579
WHE yEzP! || call) Sss]) een [= Goal neeal| coe} seal aco 206}] 900|] onsi| cool] cool! 023] coal) coolfSb 70 Tb Vi¥ol) cei) |} ccnoesne5 v. [2059
(| Spring 11} 83} 48) 72] 34) 40) 24) 46) 22) 61) 35] 92) 48/105] 16) 28] 21)N. 77 51 W.| .08 |S. 88h HW. |.16 | 262
47. Long. || Summer | 26) 83) 40) 21' 1) 21) 8) 31) 8) 58) 45] 99) 78/122) 47] 66) 12)N. 69 0 W.|.389|N. 49 W.|.18 | 255
25° to {| Autumn 24/113) 56/101) 16/104) 42/117} 45/153) 89/207)123/231} 49/102) 28|s. 77 24 W.| .23|S. 4 E. |.07 | 533
30° E. || Winter 23} 87| 40) 70) 25) 66) 27} 50} 30/109) 68\174| 79/152) 34) 70) 39)/S. 83 28 W.| .24]S. 12 W.].05 | 381
[Ly] Waxes See! | s25/] 25] cool) oo5]) cc0]} cosl} 00]! so5|] cool! coxl! ceal| se0|) sol! oct coal} ccall cool GH 4b AWVol BBN cas osonce .. {1431
(| Spring 8} 55) 30) 29) 5| 13) 3) 37) 10) 64) 29) 45) 18) 44) 13] 27] 10S. 84 22 W.| .14/S. 82 E. |.07 | 147
48. Long. Summer | 42) Zu) 15) 20) 12) 18) 14) 44) 31) 67) 36) 55] 47| 88) 35) 42) S/N. 81 44 W.) .25|N. 44 W.|.05 | 215
30° to Autumn 58)177) 73107) 38)100| 49/130) 58)/192)101)182/106)175| 67/161 30\N. 88 23 W.| .14| N. 83} EB. |-07 | GOL
35° E. Winter 24) 36) 20) 25) 6] 21) 14) 59) 20) 38) 40/124) 28] 91) 19] 50] 13/S. 81 50 W.| .31|S. 68 W.|.10 | 209
[L || Was 7 | c05]} coal] ca]! obsll coe} ool] a5al| acl! eel] ccal| ‘Sool! ecall Gaal! coal!) Goal! cool cool BE AB Wyval] Sal |] ceo ceo cns «. {1172
(| Spring 20} 33} 9) 15) 10) 15) 8) 21) 15) 35) 26) 35° 30) 55) 16] 29) 3)N. 82 29 W.) .26|S. 62) EB. |.04 | 125
49. Long. Summer 35] 47) 15) 5) 2) 9) 6) 16} 20) 41) 28) 22) 38) 55| 24) 37] 5/N. 69 55 W.| .32|N. 6 W.|.06 | 135
35° to Autumn 88/156) 34) 59) 16) 46} 27) 65) 33/144) 79)147)102)191) 56/132) 28\N, 72 10 W.| .20|N.11 EB. |.04 | 468
40° i. Winter 21) 47; 26) 23) 4) 23) 14) 29) 13) 53) 50)102) 60) 62) 18) 41) 1)S. 85 16 W.| .33]S. 222 W.|.08 | 196
IL |] Mae spee" |] sca]! c09]) 2531] coal) focn|) o50l| cesl] Sool! cool] esol] Gaal] Sool!’ Geo]! soso!) Sool! coo N. 79 53 W.| .30] ......... oon || QE!
‘ Spring 18} 37) 14) 101 5) 16} 12) 30} 26) 54) 25) 19) 31) 59) 15) 19) 5/S. 72 55 W.| .23|S. 38 E. |-13 | 132
‘450. Long. Summer | 20) 35) 9) 5) 5) 13) 10) 20) 36) 43) 28) 43] 46] 78] 39) 46) 4|N. 84 18 W.] .38])N. 88 W.|.08 | 160
40° to Autumn 56/129) 29) 31) 15) 52) 14) 65) 25/129) 50/187} 52/146) 48/130) 11)N. 78 39 W.| .29|N. 35 HE. |.03 | 386
45° H. || Winter 23) 37) 5) 9} 1) 15) 6) 21) 18) 33) 22) 44) 28) 59) 8) 34) 4/N. 71 5 W.| .34| N. 163 W.|.08 | 122
[L || te see" |] ons} 255]! o58]) Geol} socal) “co0l] eal) 'c00]) Sel <G05|} Geol) 501! coal! oasl| cael] ooo IN. 83 28 W.| .30 Poeun ... | 800
Spring 21) 40) 2) 9) 6) 20) 10) 36) 18) 46) 23) 31) 24) 50} 35] 29) GIS. 86 6 W.| .24|S. 2 EH. |.073) 135
51. Long. Summer 26) 45) 11) 17) 5) -8} 10) 27) 16) 54) 18) 47) 22) 59) 29) 39) 2IN. 76 7 W.| .28|N. 83 W.].03 | 145
45° to Autumn 41) 68) 21} 32) 13) 39) 13} 40) 36/113) 45/126) 45/129) 65/130) 13|N. 78 4 W.| .32| N. 863 W.|.07 | 323
50° E. Winter 18} 63} 3) 15} 6] 18) 9) 45) 13) 36) 11) 32) 6) 51) 18) G1) 9|N. 46 21 W.| .18| N. 614 BE. |.123) 138
[ The year! | ...| ...] 2.] ... cal} cool] O60] a0]} ccc}, g00}) cool} ool coal): coal) ool] anally BEY ANG) 24) |! cnccodnss . | TAL
Spring 16) 27) 7) 15) 2) 34, 21) 31) 26) 52) 27) 44) 22) 63) 22) 31) 8S. 64 36 W.| .24|S. 303 E. |.143) 149
52. Long. Summer 24) 25) 6) 3] 4) 13) 9) 4) 16) 49| 33) 41) 21) 54| 20) 45 2/N. 84 39 W.| .39|N. 81 W.|-10 | 123
50° to Autumn 62) 65] 14] 41] 17) 32) 19] 81) 24) 99) 50/133] 70/191] 28/125 20/N. 81 12 W.| .83 | N. 493 W.|.05 | 357
55° EB. Winter 18] 45) 12) 26} 2) 17) 12) 39) 9) 59) 20, 40) 25) 49) 31) 79 5IN. 65 30 W.| .24| N. 434 E. |.10 | 163
The year! ~-.\|| --.|| -.. oot coc} 9 sells 453 WWYel] oP) |) coc cedocs 792
Spring 20) 44) 13) 7| 7 13) 6} 8} 20) 35) 13) 30) 9) 45) 23) 23) O|N. 60 42 W.| .24] N. 68 E. |.12 | 105
53. Long. Summer 33] 21} 7| 7 5} 5) 11} 18) 8) 38) 29) 38) 25) 67) 24) 25) 4/N. 81 36 W.| .36|S. 81 W.).04 | 122
55° to Autumn 72| 86) 41/118) 26/109) 30/233} 73)/229|102/331| 95)342/117/396| 45|N. 86 25 W.| .29|S. 28 E. }.05 | 815
60° E. Winter 37| 44| 12) 27) 6) 20) 5] 70) 15) 73) 47/112) 63/143) 49) 97) 17)N. 82 50 W.| .39)S. 79 W.}.08 | 279
The year! | ...| ...| ... 209 con|| 200 cool) ccs coo|Ng (78) HO) VAY eA I) ccoscooas 1321
Spring 18] 39} 11) 8} 2} 3] 12) 12) 25) 41) 19) 43) 15) 39) 21) 30) 15|N. 84 52 W.| .28|S. 743 E. |.14 | 118
54. Long. Summer | 22) 15) 7] 0} 1) 7 1) 17) 12) 48) 26) 45) 27) 66) 20) 34) 2\N. 89 46 W.| .48|S. 47 W.!.09 | 117
60° to Autumn 69) 79) 25} 52) 23} 70) 36/137) 66)/228|108/298)181/452)160/342) 46\N. 75 31 W.| .44|N. 14 W.}.05 | 791 §
65° BE. Winter 49| 62) 19| 34) 5} 41) 15) 45) 32/150) 51)164) 48/230) 72,176) 30\N. 76 53 W.| .48| N. 492 W.|.07 | 408 |
(| The year! | ...| ...) ...] ... col] sool| oca|] -ooal! acl} ces] oo5|| seel} Zoell ceol) cool) coolbNls Gil BIO) WV! 29 I] casococon 1434
Spring 16) 22) 5) 13) 3) 12) 2) 18) 11) 43) 20) 33} 17) 58) 22) 47) 3IN. 77 42 W.| .35]S. 41 E. |.10 | 115
55. Long. Summer 9, 13] 6) 1} 0} 2) 3) 21) 9) 34) 21) 52) 35) 61) 15) 33) 2/S. 87 31 W.| .53) 5S. 80 W.|.13 | 106
65° to Autumn | 44) 85) 19) 37/ 13) 31) 32) 55) 58139) 34/208/101/290) 86/185) 37|N. 81 17 W.| .36 | N. 43 E. |.06 | 485
70° E. Winter 13] 52) 10) 18] 8] 26) 23) 55) 18/116) 55/125) 59/161] 72133) 22\N. $4 25 W.| .39|N. 24 E. |.04 | 332
The year! | ...| ... ceel} €00|| 603]| 90), opal] coal} coal] sc0}) ‘090l} col} oce||. <coo|!) oes|| onallINe (sty PAS \WVolh ae} © Gas eno oe 1038
(| Spring 20| 28} 8] 4) 5} 28) 6] 18} 18) 43] 36] 48) 38) 62) 32) 37) 5IN. 87 18 W.| .38)5. 80 E. |.08 | 152
#56. Long. | | Summer 13} 19} 0} 3] 0} 1) 1) 15) 4 45) 17) 75) 35) 68} 10) 18) 3/S. 84 6 W.| .59|S. 544 W./.16 | 109
70° to Autumn 23} 51) 10) 30] 16] 34) 14) 41) 30107) 73/138] 92/207) 92145) 39|N. 81 38 W.| .44|N. 33 HE. |.04 | 381
75° E. | Winter 39) 71) 5) 35| 12) 24) 6] 58) 23.105) 49/219) 99/184! 90 204) 41\N. 76 0 W.| .45 | N. 153 E. |.08 | 421
[L) Wn sree! |} cool)’ eel! deel! aol! coal) co5!! coal} cool} Gos!!! cool} cea) "co0|)! eon!) cool) opal] coo N. 85 58 W.| .46 | ......... 1063
Spring 23) 35} 11/ 7 1] 8 6) 24) 25) 96) 22) 67| 41° o4) 41, 77) TN. 86 O W.| .43)N. 61 E. |.06 ; 195
57. Long. [ Summer | 30} 35) 3) 14| 2) 6 8) 24) 27 130) 71/140)102)/160) 92) 85 12/8. 89 17 W.) .56 | 5. 823 W.|.08 | 314
75° to Autumn 13] 29) 13] 15) 12) 11) 21) 44) 22194 90/159 112184 77/128) 6/S. 81 30 W.| .52 8. 245 W.|.103) 377
80° E. Winter 32! 77] 13) 30| 5, 33) 13) 52) 44) 99) 70/215) 77/143) 54/193) 25|N. 84 12 W.| .42) N. 57 LE. |-07 | 358
Mhehyeary ji.) .-- vee| see] see] nee] see] see] ce] see] cee] eee] aes] ee] -2/N. 89 38 W. ABI IN secenalann 1284
Spring 25] 19} 6] 9) 9) 16 4 27) 19) 22) 6) 49) 15) 43) 2: | 55} 4)N. 68 1 W.| 29|N. 55 E. }.2 117
58. Long. Summer | 11] 6] 1] 3] 0) 6 2! 7 7 46) 20) 50) 24) 31 13) 25) 3)S. 75 59 W.| .56/5S. 40 W.).16 85
80° to Autumn 14] 20} 3) 5] 11) 4) 11) 19] 14) 41) 36) 93} 33] 98) 35) 59] 3/N. 86 57 W.| .51| N. 62 W.!.07 | 166
85° E. Winter 12| 29] 11| 15) 5] 17 10] 35| 11] 71| 41/146] 51) 78] 27) 80) 10/S. 83 44 W.| .45|S. 13 W.|.04 | 216
The year! | ...| ... | a] a c5|! ooo]! can|)) taal] eadl| coo||- eenl} «coa|| cco “| Zee S. 88 22 W ll Reece «. | 584

608 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 59 to 71.) Indian Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

IS Monsoon
THE COMPASS.

Direction

Place of Time of
of resultant.

observation, the year. Direction.

variable.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Calm or

South.

influences.

Number of days.

i
|
|

Spring
59. ong. Summer
85° to | Autumn
90° EB, Winter
| The year! | ...

60. Long. Spring
90° to Autumn
95° E. Winter

35 W.|.
Sans | Summer N. 85 33 W.?].

100° E. Thejsyeard|| heen Wess |i aes| lite=el| incre’ reel [tens | see) (ies sil ies | teeta | cena emetic ees! [itary me | No ee

62. Long. (| Spring . 3143 W.?).
95° to Autumn - 82 23 W.|.6
100° E. Winter 82 55 W.).

63. Long. Spring 72 2 W.|.
105° to Autumn 75 34 W.).6:
110° E. Winter 80 32 W.'.

4 ee | Summer 57 5 W.|.
5 30

115° BE. The year!

65. Long. Spring 40
110° to Autumn 57
115° E. Winter 53

Spring 37

66. Long. Summer 51
115° to | Autumn 47
120° E. Winter 11

UMN aera || casi asa caolh cool! Coall) ocel} ecod!) oalf, Saul! orl) coal})coo|! “casl}! cacill) ceol] acall 20 55

Spring 5) 23] 18 | 10S. 83 35

67. Long. Summer et | 22) 6 ) 14) 3/N. 38
120° to Autumn 8 9} 2 B } 3 8 | | N. 58
125° E. Winter 26 7 é 26) 2 8) 4: iS. 65 31

The ‘year! || s--} cee!) eel! ee) cee] eee] corel) sesi|) omsil| ene] tees|| s==|/ lees] tens Ueee| lawl ere OO MO

68. Long. Spring 2 2 2} 12) 22) 12 [N. 23
125° to Autumn : 5) 45) 40/124) 44) 39, iN. 44
130° E. Winter | le | 6 38 ¢ | 3 b 35

69. Long. x | 7 .
125° to Summer 4 : |N. 53

135° E. The year! | ---| ...] s.] eee] cee] see] 22] eee] so=]] se] eee| esol veel seo] one] sne|\ aoe] Ne 56
70. Long. Spring 5 | 4| 15) 16) 7 . 68 16
if
|
J
|
IL

‘ 61° l/W.|.
43 W.|.5!
27 W.|.
29 W.|.
OW2)5
5 W.|.
30 W.|.

wo OretT
warp
Tae ni

nny

oe eR:
ar
KH Sow:

bo
mn

2A TW A A

a
wie ob 0
ee

igelteeligeiirs

ih ww

fe

2 Ae mn me

130° to Autumn ‘ 21) 12) 15 3} 38] 49 | 83 34) 16 : 58
135° E.

| Winter 15 3] 18} 18 t 42 51) 15) 19 S. 1
| Spring 24 6) 9 5| 94) 35 28] 20) 25 29
Summer 0) 421429 | 16 25] 19) 24) 21) iH 45
Autumn : | 2 31) 17} 18 48] 23) 78) 31) 26 . 80 49
| Winter | 8 51) 22) 55) 2 9 | 74) 42) 40) 16) 28] 6, 18)S. 9
The year! | ...| ... vee] nee see| cee] eee] cee] cee] cee] vee] cee] cee] eee] one wez| «|S. 68 44

|

} 71. Long.
135°
145° Ei.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 12 to 87.) Victoria, Australia.
Observed at the following places, viz.:—

Arrarat, at the Survey Office, 1072 feet above sea-level, by Messrs. G. Langford and John Pegg,
during the year 1859.

Ballaarat, at Survey Office, 1437 feet above sea-level, by Messrs. J. H. bee and Thos. Adair,
during the years 1859 to 1862, inclusive.

Beechworth, at Survey Office, 1783 feet above sea-level, by H. Wackerow, during the first five
months of 1859.

Camperdown, by R. D. Scott. during the years 1859 to 1862 inclusive, except March, 1861.

Cape Otway, at Telegraph Station, by Joseph W. Payter, during the year 1862.

Castlemaine, 1000 feet above sea-level, by Messrs. Adair and Couchman, from January, 1859, to
February, 1861, inclusive.

By

SERIES B. ZONE 26.

(Nos. 72 to 87.)
Gabo Island, at the Light House, by G. Tapp, from January, 1860, to November, 1861, inclusive,
except July, 1861.
Geelong, at Survey Office, by Messrs. Skene and Mason, from January, 1859, to May, 1860,
inclusive.
Heathcote, at Survey Office, by Messrs. Chauncey, Mason and Innes, from January, 1859, to

April, 1861, and from November, 1861, to December, 1862

Victoria, Australia.— Continued.

, both inclusive.

LAT. 35° TO 40° 8S

609

Melbourne, at the Observatory, by its officers, during the years 1859, 1860, 1861 and 1862.

Port Albert, by J. Perris, during the years 1859 and 1860, except May and June, 1859.

Portland, by Messrs. Fawthrop and Burkitt, during the years 1859 to 1862, inclusive, except
December, 1859.

Sandhurst, at Survey Office, by Messrs. Lavitt and Taylor, during an aggregate period of 29
months in the years 1859 to 1862 inclusive.

Yan Yean, during the month of January, 1859.

Place of

observation.

72.
Sandhurst.

ena.

1 aoe

75.
Geelong.

ae
Otway.

ae
. WwW.
Raion ia.?

|
|
|
|
|
|

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

A

Time of the OB

year. ae

al) ac

8 | ee

a | Be
Saicnne 25.0, 15.
Summer 30.0} 21
Autumn 28.6) 12
Winter 21.7) 7
The year |110.6) 56.
Spring 31.4) 20
Summer 70.5) 31
Autumn | 31.1) 15
Winter 9.3] 4

3

The year |142.
January | 213} 40
February | 140 10

March 140 63
April 290 30
May | 353 | 27
June 443} 37
July 363 | 63
August 430 | 90

September] 397 57
October 323 12
November] 203 52
December | 177 37
Spring 783 | 120
Summer {1236 | 190
Autumn 923 | 121
Winter 530 87
The year |3472 | 518

Spring 3 9
Summer 3 3
Autumn 1 6
Winter 2 10
The year! 00 coo
Spring 10. 8
Summer 8-8] 21
Autumn 6 10
Winter 2. 5
The year | 28.

Spring 145.
Summer (238.
Autumn (158.

Winter 86.
The year |629.

HOUnNoHaS NS
ee
Ou

77 ~«=©June, 1875,

MASON NWaartoo

CONUrWwwoaokIart

[=|

O28

co.

wa

a og
a | AS
7.0) 19
17.0) 17
8.5) 16
3.7) 21
36.2) 74
38.0) 47
29.5) 28
42..'7| 45
65.7) 76
175 .9)198
63 | 293
53 | 373
40 | 330
13 | 153
23 63
17 | 140
20 | 150
0 97
13 63
30 | 167
65 | 217
37 | 240
76 | 546
37 | 387
108 | 447
153 | 910
347 |2290
2 17
0 3
1 ‘)
16 31
17/83) 11}
9.8} 13
25.9) 16
17.0) 19
70.0) 62
70 .1)136
60.0! 98
88 .0)123
103.3/211
321 .4/570

09 oo @ bony G9 69 © bo.eo

MTom w OR WS

E
32
, | oe
Ss Srl “2
g |Fe| 3
n ne i
45.0| 35.0) 11.0
46.6| 41.5] 18.6
43.6| 40.0) 14.7
51.4) 25.0] 9.0
186.6/141.5| 53.3
32.0| 37.8] 78.0
25.8) 39.3] 60.0
29.5} 50.5| 84.4
39.8] 49.3] 49.7
127.11176.9/272.1
970. | 150 | 57
287 | 157 | 37
913 | 193 | 53
243 | 210 | 53
107 | 240 | 67
137 | 197 | 57
187 | 203 | 83
160 | 220 | 37
150 | 240 | 90
160 | 198 | 133
207 | 310 | 70
223 | 260 | 63
563 | 643 | 173
434 | 620 | 177
517 | 748 | 293
780 | 567 | 157
2344 |2578 | 900
ial |) AO] 1G
2 | 9) | As
| iy | ge
aS eel Tan eo
12.0] 6.6, 9.9
6.6| 7.8) 9-2
Boil) BiG Bea
10.1] 12.7] 15.1
36.8] 30.7| 42.
146.4 146.7,116.9

12 G}151- 5/110.
2.81170. 6139.5]

587. 6

|

|

614. car 1

N. W. or be-
tween N.& W.

148.
94.
598.

=
(f=)
7 iS
SION WOO BATHE AT

DWaawoowournd

Calm or

variable.

tA tha nT tn [

AAnnnMAnMiAniA

Lo (da el ee Pl

Direction of

resultant.

20

Wolo

Sah aaqhehes

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.
a
>
Ci
b=]
oe
Z f i)
Direction. be
o
5 )
eae
=]
5 i}
& q

1) N. 54° K. |.054| 276

bo
aI
oo

N. 3 W.|.12
N. 58 W.|.07 | 212
S. 61 E. |.19 | 180

1] N. 63 W.|.104| 368

N. 153 W.|.41 | 368
S. 82 W.].11 | 364
S. 36 E. |.53 | 330

N. 67} W.'.034

N. 93 W.|.18

N. 65 W.|.07

8. 28 E. |.26

8. 39 E. |.13 | 123

N. 60} W.|.46 | 92
Tees enlace

S. 774 E. |.39 | 150

N. 935. |.01 | 92

N. 244 W.'.174| 92

N. 69 E. |,12 | 91

S. 16 W.'.23 | 90

N. 61 W. .03

N. 26 W..19

N. 72 W. .05.

S, 284 E. |.2

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

2 Five preceding stations combined.

610

(Nos. 78 to 83.)

Place of
observation.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Victoria.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Time of
the year.

Between

n

N.E. & N.
E.& N. E.

Between

Between
E.& 8. E.

Between
8.&S. W.

Between
W.&S. W.

Between

W.&N,W.

Between
N.& N. W.

pate

81.
Castle-
maine.

82.
Beech-
worth.

4]
|
|

| January 3

| The year

) January 148
February 85
March 123
April 213
May 355
June 478
July 452
August 373
September) 310
October 38
November} 175
December | 178
Spring 691
Summer /1303
Autumn | 723
Winter 411
The year |3128

Spring 28.7
Summer 41.0
Autumn 30.0
Winter 20.5
The year! |120.2
Spring 26
Summer 25
Autumn 26
Winter 24
The year! | ...

Spring
Jan.& Feb.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter

_
7 OD
bo oso

133)
211
108
60
18)
26
39
37
59
61
120
138)
186
102
240
482
1010,

Mrbdorere bo
10 o-1qQ

HiRIOoS

SNH eH
Pee ee 2
slim eps) SS ut qiect ersten

a
am

ONnNWaS
poocw

218
194
202
187
221
135
148
203
173
170
189
177
610
486
532
589
2217

Place of
observation.

Time of the
year.

Direction
of resultant.

to sum of

resultant
winds.

Ratio of

Monsoon influences.

Direction.

Force.

Number
of days

Paster

79. Yan-yean.

Beare

Canes

nase ean

83.
Camperdown.

( Spring
Summer

| Autumn

| Winter

L The year
January
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year?
Spring

{ Jan. & Feb.

{ Spring

| Summer

4 Autumn

| Winter

iL The year

- 40°19’ W.
4 32 W.
78 41 W.
3 21 W.
45 0 W.
63 2 W.
41 33 W.
47

PA TP WO wh TO WA Ot OT On tk A tT tt Oh A

-06
32
05
33

10
15
-05
-18

' Computed from

the resultants for the seasons.

variable.

Calm or

ete

SEE Se Be ZONE N26.. ATs 5° TO) 40° Ss. 611

¢

(Nos. 84 to 87.) Victoria.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE Or WINDS FROM THE

Monsoon
DIFFERENT Points oF TH“ COMPASS.

influences,

Place of Time of the

"4 Direction of
observation. year.

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable,
Ratio of resultant

tween S, & E.
tween N.& W.
Number of Gays.

S. E. or be-
N. W. or be-

Calm or

|

Spring , | - coo Ib WS A Ayal
Summer IW) cca. [BNI 18 W.|.
Autumn 4 | Ball ceo [Bs 27
Winter AG Jil cos Sh 25) BY)
LeHaG) S7CEDE UP Goo il nae: t | soce||| deo lf Sosa {| eae {Io osu, It acon irene els 30
Spring ¢ ... IN. 78 48
Summer 2 y cao, |S le 15
Autumn = O 49
Winter |
hepy ear’ ili ves lh eeey |joeeeallt see iit ccat\|| eeeu ll) ose
Spring j 375
Summer 9) | 435
Autumn | 357
Winter 39) 240
SUN@ SOE | coo | cae HH coo. |] des |] Geo 200

84.
Port
Albert.

85.
Arrarat.

86 & 87.
Gabo
Island.

Bueno

Fao SS SS

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

* (Nos. 88 to 90(a).) Northern New Zealand.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Aukland, at station of Royal Engineers, during the years of 1853 to 1859 inclusive, 1866 and
1867.
| Bay of Islands, under direction of Commodore Wilkes, for seven days, in the spring of 1840.
Mongonui, 1857 to 1869(?), probably by government officers.
. Russel, by L. Williams, from April 24th, 1843, to February 10th, 1844.
Taranaki, 1857 to 1869(?), probably by officers of the government.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE ta Monsoon
DifFERENT PoINTS oF THE CoMPASS. 23 influences. ai
3 i
Place of | Time of the | al apesenar Wee 6
- : g n t=)
REEeEVation. year. Pe A is] al ele 5 : e z 2 6a Seance of Direction. ‘ o
© - : © co 3 5) + & oa 3) a2
B/2/8(e2lelaja/alslule/?|s| #\|e| aise 26 2} #
2\e|e|/a|/a|/Aalalalalala | ElE| Ela] aloe ee | 2
; Spring 8} 0 6) 4 | 2 Gl aw 2| 15} 2) 6) 0} 9} 0} OS. 25°50/W.2?/ .11 |S. 734° BE. .05
88 | Summer | 10) 6/10) 4) 5) 0) 7 0 8 6) 45) 2) 24 5 8 0) OS. 68 43 W.2) .36|S. 79 W.| .24) 71
Brceel Autumn 4) 0} 12 0) 14) 0) 16) 0; 6 0) 34 0) 44) 0) 20) 0] 25. 7256 W.?) 33/8. 87 W.| 22] 76
~~ || Winter 6) 2) 40) 0} 26) 0} 24) 0 8 2 24) 0} +4) 0} 8) 0} OS. 8726 EP?) .31|N.80 E. | .41] 72
| The year? soul Ceecllnese Sell coselleeoel taeeel| woe .| ve] seis (S. 48 55 We.2] 13 Sy lea O56
89.
| Bay of Spring 32|/ 0} 24) 16) 24; 8) 88 16) 60 8) 81) 8 30| 0} 35), 0) 34) wc... ooo || ceeeceeen
| Islands. | |
: January 2). U2 2). 2). 4 ...| 9 3) 2
| February | 3) . 6) - il) PN ocol] Bo 8 2) 3
| March 3]. 6) . 3] . ZN cos} 8) 0 7 2 3
. April Bg 4). 2 4...) 3) ...| 10 2). 3
May 1). 3) ...| 1 3] ...| 4 ...| 10 4). 5
4 June i cool] Z| onall 6 CM cool] ee ctall 4 3
July 2). BY! eral 2 4). By 6 ul Bis 3
| 90 ee 4 : 2 : s 4 : 2 | 9 2 seal ah
September| 2 . Nec : : 5 c 7
| Aaland. \| October 2| 4| 1 Tl coll Bi) cos GP call d!
November} 2 . 3 2 0; - 3} ===! 10 6) . 4
December| 5) . 6] - 1 ic 4. 7 4 3| |
Spring 6) 13) 6 11) ...| 10) ..-) 27 8} 1]| ...| ...|S. 40 34 W.|.20
Summer | 4, 14| ...) 9 TIA] Sell aed! | 8 10 /S. 14 4 W...19
Autumn 6 13 5 GH) coal} #34! cool) SRY] cael]: UE 15 ..-|9. 83 40 W.!.20
Winter 10] ...| 19 4 5] ..-| 11) 24) ...) 9 8 soph Cth tied Aye all)
The year | 26] ...| 59 24 31} ...| 41 99) ...| 41 44 iS. 52 32 W.!.16
Spring 8 11 5 (| ccel! 2} .:.)| 29 15) - N. 86 30 W.).373| N. 585 W.!.165
90(a). Summer | 13 16 il alo 5 18) ...) 21 13 ..|N. 61 11 W./.22 | N. 124 EB. |.17
North Autumn Fil socal 1C0) 6) 16} . 8 25] ...| 18 10 8. 49 18 W.|.24 |S. 25 E. |.11
| Island.! Winter BI} cool” &) ul il) coll 26] ...| 16 11 .../S. 39 38 W.|.26 |S. 24 E. |.16
{ The year | 33] ...| 46 25 46) ...| 27 90) ...| 84 49 8. 76 1 W. .24

1 Observed at Mongonui and Taranaki. Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

612

Place of

observation.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 91 to 100.) Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180°. i
From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 3 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE

Monsoon
CoMPASS,

Time of
the year.

Direction of

resultant, Direction,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

Calm or var.

influences.

Dee 45°
to aoe E

iene “as?
to he

Long. 155°
to a E.

ae ae
to a E.

aa 160°
to eit

Pee 165°
to ss E.

hanes 160°
to ee E.

wear 170°
to pe

ee 170°
E. to 180°.
100.
Long. 175°
E. to 180°.

‘|
i
|
-
‘

Autumn
Winter

Spring
Summer
The year!

Autumn
Winter

Autumn
Winter

Spring

Autumn
Winter

Summer
The year!

Winter

Spring
Autumn

Winter

35°17! W.!.
84 44
23
49
12

7
31

t Le ab
AAA NA

35
48

e4 Sd ge Ba

4

5. 79 29 5
2227 W. aoe

N. 49 5 W.|.

over 52 years.

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ZONE No. 2%.

LaAtitupE 40° to 45° SoutH.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made
at 10 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 37 years 6 months; at sea for

The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed.

No.

Stations. Aggregate length of time.

Pacific Ocean,
South America,
Atlantic Ocean,
Indian Ocean,

Van Dieman’s Land,

New Zealand,

Seo over 21 years 6 months.
3 5 years 9 months.
over 8 years.
wee over 22 years 6 months.
3 20 years 9 months.
4 11 years.

Number of days.

SERIES

(Nos. 1 to 17.)

From observations for an aggregate period of over 174 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

B. ZONE

27.

LAT. 40°

Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180°.

TO 45°

S.

613

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS res Monsoon
OF THE COMPASS, i} influences, a
BE S
Place of Time of the : A & : : se : |. S| Direction of ES %
observation. | year. | -/ A) | A a a] |e Fl | Ff] .| 2 se] resuttant, | S2 | Direction. | , | 3 -
BLA(Bl el e|a/ ala s|ale| “| e) 4) F| alge ae eo las
A\B| Ala | Ala] ala) a) a] a| Bl PLE) | woe ae A| 2
Spring 35| 1{ 11] 10] 14] oJ 13! 6/ 23] 14! 35! 98/32] 13] 231 6! ails. soe 54) W.|.211|S. 45° w.|.11 | 90
oat 175° | Autumn | 23] 0} 32) 4! 18] 3) 6) 6] 3] 1) 7 i] 9] 4] 5] 5] YIN. 38 36 B.?/.85 |N.57 E. |.04 | 45
to 180° W. || Winter 62| 19] 42] 10] 12) 25) 28) 11) 55) 62/119) 25) 41] 15] 76| 33] 37\N. 73 53 W.).221| N. 76 W.|.08 | 224
ee) Winter 39] 8] 26] 3) 24) 9] 7 17| 33] 14] 63] 15] 47] 21) 51| 17| 15/N. 87 4 W.|.26 |S. 78 w.|.12 | 137 §
0 175° W
Lone. 165° Summer 7A, Ss eG) a A Bl a) Ba GS] I GIS GH yr W.?/.10 | N. 793 E. |.20 28
ae The year! | ...| ...| ...] ... c66]) ceal|o501| Goel! Cosi! sacl! “oooll| cool! G05!) axel) ceol! codlPNiG Wh. GH AVEIGMZE| Not oasos 671
7 * ge Spring 9| 2) 7} 1) 9] 9] 5] 3] 8] 3] v7 12) 8] 6] 18] G| 3IN.68 4 W.|.154] N.17 wW.l.o1 | 39
tots? W. Autumn | 16] 2/11} 2) 3] 0] 14) 2] 2] 3) 8] 17] 13] 10] 22] 19! 3\N. 44 0 W.|.36 |N.27 W.|.14 | 46
Long. cue | Winter | 11} 1] 9] 2} 0} 10] 8] 4] 9] 10) 26) 24] 21] 10] 35) 2) Q/S. 83 32 W.|.42 |S. 72h W.l.16 | 62
to170° W
Tone.160° || Autumn | 20) 56] 17) 37| 8) 40] 14) 13) 15) 44) 24) G6] 28) 55) 42] 73) 16/N. 52 0 W.|.23 | N. 563 E. |.063] 189
oe Winter 29) 44) 20) 25} 4] 14] 4) 16] 11| 58] 20] 92) 45] 77| 30] 84] 17|N. 68 2 W.|.39 | N. 73 W.J.13 | 197
Long. cae} Spring 15} 13] 12) 16] 5] 18] | 98] 6| 31) 15] 22] 9] 23) 24! 16) 5IN. 76 19 W.|.16 |S. 50 E. |.10 | 92
a
Tone. 155° || Autumn | 18] 30} 6] 15) 3] 19) 14! 17) 15) 36] 33) 60) 44/123) 54) 76) 10\N. 71 24 W.|.46 |N. 79 W.|.20 | 191 |
ee Winter 39] 98] 29] 38] 34) 31] 14) 34) 18] 45] 29/132) 84] 99) 33/112] 2Q0|N. 56 53 W.|.31 | N. 21 W.|.064] 290
Tone. 150° || Autumn | 11} 16) 1) 4) 2) 8) 5) 4) oj} 8 9) 20) 32) 21) 18| 8] 10\N. 70 31 W.).42 | N. 78 W.|.16 | 59 |
se Winter | 45] 63/ 13] 8] 5] 41| 22] 26] 6] 32) 22) 76) 62] 87| 46/111) 23/N.54 9 W.|.37 |N. 30 W.|.12 | 299 |
L Pia Summer | 0} 22) &| 18) 6] 5] 2| 21] 9] 18] 7| 26] 30] 21) 12/ 11) 4/S. 86 5 wW.l.25 |S. 6 W./.12 | 71
ee Wins see |} cool) ceall axl! coal! ‘cool| cael cool) cel] col! cee! coal! Sooll vccoll cell cosll Boall ecole CS IG. NAS tl coscocns 1693
Spring 12| 18} 7| 19] 13) 12} 5] 15) 0} 7 6| 17| 16) 22) 7] 19] 10\N. 14 27 w.l.16 | N. 753. |.16 | 68
ee. 120°} | Autumn | 11| 43| 17) 34| 13] 13/ 1) 7| 4{ 10 10| 33) 37/ 70| 23| 40| sin. 37 15 W.|.37 |N. 4 E. |.15 } 125
to 150° W. || Winter | 15) 32| 13] 41) 18] 26] 22) 27| 3] 51] 14) 68| 23| 71) 55| 67| 20/N. 62 33 W.|.23 |S. 892 E. |.03 | 192 |
(| Spring 18] 16] 6| 3] 5| 3] 8] 10] 19] 11] 24) 11| 18] 16] 31/ 19] 3IN. 74 34 w.|.30 |N. 43 E. |.05 | 74}
j| Summer | 10} 2) 6] 1] 1) 0] 9] 3/10) 0| 0} 0] 12; 5| 2) 2] o|N. 60 4 W.?/.08 S. 89 EB. /.26 | 21
ae 100° Autumn | 36] 6] 8] 5| 1] 5] 3, 14] 24! 19] 52, 23] 41: 41] 34' 13] 1. 88 43 w.|.45 |S. 76 W.I.13 | 106
to 120° W. | | Winter 22| 10| 11) 6) 4) 3] 4] 6| 7 9] 50) 23] 70] 19| 42) 6] 11.N. 84 23 w.|.50 | N. 87 W.|.17 | 101
eae WN@ FOE! |} cool! cell col} cal] coal] cool] cal) cool} cool} c60l| oso|f) co5]] S60] Goal} cool! coal) coollNG HA TSS AWyyeli8B3 |} ero ssocce «> | 302
Spring 29| 28] 18] 4) 14) 7] 10) 9] 9| 10] 44] 16] 21) 17| 29) 23) 14. 52 43 W.|.24 | N. 64 E. |.18 | 101
Summer 7| 7] Lo; 7) 1) 11) 7 4) 10) 7 4) 26) 13) 16) 15] 8| 9,N. 86 5 W.|.22 |S. 69 E.|.14 | 54
aa 85°) | Autumn | 11] 9| 2) 5) 5] 10] 4] 2) 9) 21] 23] 39) 39] 42) 28) 11] 8S. 85 10 W.|.50 |S. 53 W.|.18 | 39
to100° W. || Winter | 12| 21/ 0| 5| 5| 1| 8| 3] 14| 7| 26) 14) 44] 55| 47/ 10| 12 N. 72 41 W.|.52 | N. 593 W.|.163| 95
hk Mhie year! |...) wn. 2-2] cen] ene] one] con] see] one| cee] cee] one| cee] ane] see] == 2-/N. 79 8 W.|.36 |... | ..- | 339
Spring 33] 20| 17] 13] 10) 18] 3] 31) 22) 33) 46] 54] 55] 57| 39) 62) 15/N. 77 42 W.|.38 | N. 29 E. |.08 | 173
f Summer | 1)] 4] 0| 7 1] 2] 3] 8] 5] 9] 13] 14] 19] 13] 10] 18] 6N. 8137 W.?|.39 | N.29 E. |.05 | 48
Long 80° Autumn | 14} 28] 12) 15| 5/ 13] 27| 28/ 15) 53] 33] 87| 38] 44) 28| 44] 8S. 76 12 W.|.43 |S. 46 E. |.13 | 164
to85° W.|| Winter | 37| 37| 3) 2] 2] 3] 7| 21) 14] 84} 74/164) 94/134) 47| 61) 43'S. 87 55 W.|.57 |S. 80 W.|.16 | 276
May yee | acs oaoll weet) Geel| och coall cetl] ocell ccoll cetll ceo scl) cosll oxe|| ooel| “AINE Ave Cal I cemetery 4 fos AO!
Summer | 12] 22/ 1] 9] 0) 12} 7] 13| 10] 25 29) 52| 46| 47| 49| 44 7,N. 77 16 W.|.48 |N.10 E. |.06 | 126
fine. 75°) | Autumn /198/287| 19] 64) 21] 59] 21/108/143/502|237/495|302/643 309|550/133 N. 78 29 W.|.46 | N. 31 E. |.06 |1364
to ay Winter 81/152) 2| 9 6] 6) 83143/576)182/455 212/376 158/283) 84S. 77 33 W.|.52 |S. 10 W.|.15 | 936
|
Lone. 73° || Spring 16| 24) 7| 6] 1) 11) 5] 6| 26] 31) 36] 57] 58] 94] 42/ 49] 15/N. 80 32 W.|.52 | N. 35 W.|.05 | 161
oe The year! | ...| ...| ...| ... SAN elf cee ceed clk weed [Pc te Mee Pees eV aes ee cles aes ... |2730
L 73° Autumn | 0/ 15] 0] i} 1] 2/ Oo} 0} 0} 34] 6| 21) 14) 17| 11) 23 wally 85 51 W.|.47 |S. 58 E. |.01 | 52
Long. 78 Winter 0; 9| 2] of o| 4! oj} | 10] 74) 9] 43] 9) 27) 14) 61 Gee 82 58 W.|.49 |S. 3 W.|.10 | 91

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

614 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 17(a) to 17(e).) Southern Chili.
Observed as follows :—

| Aggregate

Place of observation.) By whom observed. length

of time. LESS

mos.
Gulf of Ancud,
Melinka,

| Dublé Almeida, 0 | 1863, 1866, 1867, 1868.
F. Westhoff, reporter, 9 October and November, 1865; December, 1865-6;
| | January, 1866-7 ; February, 1866-7 ; March, 1867.

yrs.
4
0

Dr. Fied Geisse, 6 0 | 1859 to 1864 inclusive.

|

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

Puerto Montt,

Monsoon
influences.

}

Direction of
resultant.

Time of
the year.

Place of

observation. Direction.

N. E. or be-
variable,

Calm or
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

tween N. & E.

East.

S. E. or be-

tween 8. & E.

South.

S. W. or be-

tweenS. & W.
| West.

tween N. & W

Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter

17(a).
Puerto
Montt.

oe
oon

bo La
bo oo

ew
©

- 10° 13/ W.

N. 46° W.

6 51
. 2 45
. 81 57

1 22

W.
Wi
E.

W.

N. 10} W.
South.
8. 24 E,

~1

me

EP BROTURAWOSCHHLHEBHENHOOCOCHED

The year
January
February
March
April

May

June

July
Angust
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
Winter
October
November
March

HH

MAOMWOWHPNOKRADOWRRPWwWR

SrPFaocwnwy

17(0).
Gulf of
Ancud,

DPRORAWWWRORW OPH OOO

H

bo

NWONNOSTRFORRFANNaNne

NAOCSHFANSDOOCOCOCOCOHPWNOSCOWHHHS

BODO NTOPNOHYHNNHEPNPRID ES
WOWBAINAMMAWoOWNNOWNDHH: :

oo
bow

17(c).
Melinka,

bo
i=)
i=)
fo
is

(Nos. 18 to 33.)

From observations for an aggregate period of over 8 years, collected and classified, from the

logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Atlantic Ocean.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon
influences,

Time of
the year.

Place of
observation.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Calm or yar.
Number of days,

on
A

- 73° 34/ W.| .

74
65
55
62
64

+ | Spring

: bo
* DW wnat

AAALA A AAAAA

25 W.|.
40 W.|.
13 W.|.
57 W.|.
20 W.|.

Spring
| Summer
| Autumn
| Winter
| The year!

16
50
70

be
AZAZAD

82

bo
bo

Spring

| 47 9] 37
15 9
53} 3] 32
81| 28

| 1s
10
12
| 40

38
10
32
84

| Spring

| Summer
| Autumn
Winter

The year!

6
| 10
| 26
19

Ain tA tn

10)

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 2%. LAT. 40° TO 45° 8. 615
(Nos. 22 to 33.) Atlantie Ocean.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DINFERENT POINTS OF Sa Monsoon
THE CoMPASS. eZ influences.
Bi
= os
Place of Time of the c 2 ° e an|| . : nO
observation, year. a|® A | el aie i, E : E cs Bic parccycmes o£ | Direction. ;
B/Z\A| B/S) a)elals|ale| 2) | 2) 2] les a 2
Z\/A2/2/A)/R/Slulalalal wal El\Elel| eles a ce
[ Spring 21 9) 15] 1) 10) 4 6] 5 24) 26) 34) 4) 33) 19) 20) 18) 21/S. 85°39’ W.| .28 | S. 29° E. |.06
22. Long. Summer 10) 3) 2) 1) 2) 0; 9} 5] 8] 2) 35] 6 24) 10] 33] S| 3/N. 89 2 W.| .48/S. 88 W./.17
45° to {| Autumn 42| 10) 27) 13] 14) 6] 6] 9} 26] 22) 30] 7| 20) 16] 34 8| 8IN. 52 14 W.| .15|N. 72 E. |.20
50° W. | Winter 65) 19) 28] 5) 28] 1) 33} 10} 54) 45/116) 32) 63) 41/131) 41) 14/N. 83 43 W.| .35 | N. 784 W.|.04
JUDO SEO S55] Tact Gaal call, ond! coll onal! ceoall a4 ines ceal| deol}! cca|| coal) cool) cesiPSIS Eh PAS) UNV eau manobo res
23. Long. \
is is J Winter 87) 22) 39} 4) 32) 16) 28) 15) 71| 54/154] 49] 49/128] 57/146) 75|N. 85 7 W.|.38|N. 66 E. |.12
5 5
BA. Tiong. (| Spring 16) 3) 7 2) 1) 2] 5) 2) 18; 10} 39] 5] 27] 21) 38] 17| 6IN. 83 11 W.| .47|N.56 W. 103
35° to Summer 5) 2) 2) 3) 0; 3] 7 5] 15] 8] 14) 4! 16] 11] 9] 12! 3IS. 71 3 wW.?].35/S 293 E. |.12
45° W. Autumn 23; 5) 17) 0} 3) 6) 11} 5) 17) 28] 30) 26! 16] 24! 29] 33! 5IN. 88 49 W.| .34/N. 68 E. |.05
WS SEE | sceol} cool) coo} oa]! cesl cee! ced{le Goal} sacall” cool peal Gocll ocell! Gadi cool) coal eosllSs IN GET ZAI BE) ore
25. Long. }
7 I Winter 29; 6} 4| 12) 9) 1} 6) 13} 20) 27] 59) 33) 56] 33) 34) 37] 11/N. 88 58 W.| .44| N 71} W.|.05
26. Long. | :
oe j Winter 20; 0); 5) 4 1) O; 9] O] 4) 6] 10) 6 19) 30) 37] 15) 8IN. 55 56 W.|.54|N.15 W. 144
27. Long.
Do Je Winter 1} 2) 0} O} 2 OO} 5] 4 Oj} 24) 11) 24) 18) 44] 17] 25) O|N. 85 44 W.|.63/5S 621 W.|.24
OS W.
28. Long.
pee Winter 4) 25); 2) 0) 0} 3] 0} 28) 4| 53) 8] 83] 31] 84] 38] 83] 9|N. 79 11 W.| .55/|S. 67 W.|.14
bo W.
29. Long (| Spring 10] 5] O}| 5) 2} 5) 3) 3) O; 5] G6 8] 8] 15] 4) 20 3,N. 50 44 W.?} .39 | N. 503 E. |.14
35° W v Summer 6; 9) 5) 1 2) VY 3) 4 Of 0} 2) 25) 5) 13] Oj 21) O|N. 57 48 W.?| .54] N. 193 W.|.14
to 20° Er. Autumn 4) 1} 0} 0} Of 3) 3) 2) 2 0} 17) 3) 7 OO} 4] 10) OS. 87 42 W.?| .47|S. 18 W.|.18
TUNG: 7B! || ceo]] call co5|] c0al} eo] Goal} coal] osel|) ceoll acl! coal! coal! cool) ool! opal] osoll ocollINa Gs Gib Wyo MSN Geceonos
30. Long.
0° to Winter 13) 24; 0) 1) 0} 2) 3] 16) 6} 22) 11) 63) 15) 55) 18 55) 4)N. 73 58 W.| .52|S. 80 W.|.10
5° E.
31. Long.
5° to Winter 18} 13) 1) 1; 3, 6) O; 18) 3) 60} 10, 37) 27) 59) 28) 74) VIN. 75 49 W.| .49 |S. 60 W.|.07
10° E. |
32. Long.
10° to Winter 18; 8} @ 5] 0} O| O 4 3) 20) 21) 10) 17) 10) 6) 28} IIN. 8045 W.?| .45)S. 21 W.|.10
15° E.
33. Long.
15° to Wiuter 4| 6| 0; 4 O}| 7 O OF 3) 4] 5) 14) 6 14) 10) 11) ON. 66 41 W.?) .44| N. 233 E. |.02
20° £.

Number of days.

48

29

Place of
observation.

20° to
25° 5.

35. Long. }
25° to
30s.

36. Long.
20° to
L

34, Long. |

35° E.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 34 to 65.)

Time of
the year.

Indian Ocean.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 224 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
Points OF THE COMPASS.

Calm or var. |

Direction of
resultant,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Number of days.

Winter

Winter

Spring
Summer
Autumn
The year!

5| 32

15
28

12
3
30

- 65° 51/ W..}.

46 W.|.39 |

55 W.|.07 |S
45W.? |.32 |
22, W.|.34 |
30 W.|-24 |

|

oo
pay

oa
fe 2]

~I
o

iP co
aw

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

616 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 37 to 57.) Indian Ocean.— Continued. 7

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF 23 _Monsoon
THE COMPASS. ri influences, 3
ae ——, =
| :
o 4 fs mo &
Place of |Time of the . S E |e |,5| Directionof jug °
observation, year, »|R is ica] ios] a |e a . | |o'e!| resultant. ° 5 | Direction. 5)
a 5 valle PE Salk ail ss |e Es , |e Ie o 2
S/e|Rlale lala lal ela lel) s 2 (es 2s |
é | a | 8 alulalEl|E|E lala is & EB | 2

Bis 17) {i | |
Long. 30° j Winter 9| 28; 8! 6] O] 6} 5] 13! 6] 31) 7 47] 33) 40] 33] 51) 8) N. 70°42’ W.!|.43 |S. 78° W.|.20 | 107
to 35° E. |

38. |
Long. ss} Winter | 21) 48} 7 15) 1) 11 1] 14) 2) 47, 24) 94) 23) 75) 16 57, 14. N. 74 43 W.|.43 |S. 46 W.).26 | 157
to 40° E. | |

a9 | Spring 13/ 13} 9| 7 ©] 1] 1) 4] 2/18] 7 10) 2/17] 5] 25) 4)N. 41 25 w.r|.34 |S. 1 W.!.04] 46
Lone. 3504 | Summer | 14) 27/ 7 6) 1 2) of 3 2) | 7 7 4] 19) 4) 12; 1)N. 24 2 W.t).43 | N. 28 H.|.11) 40
ode Autumn | 10] 48] 11} 3] 6] 11/ 2/ 6] 4/ 13} 1) 13] 10] 28| 11] 36] 5)/N.72 3 W.|.40 |S. 42 W.|.22| %3

Deere eel aool| Gedh teall’ ceall! sacl! exe Bs Hl ee Neg sel os{Ne- 38° 3) W637 | cesctesce 0] eee

40.

Long. 40° $| Winter | 36] 59! 22) 23' 0] 19] 6] 14] 8| 36] 29/122] 40/110] 24) 87] 8|N. 64 23 W.).43 |S. 57 W.|-16 | 214

to 45° E.

|
Spring 27| 79} 5) 21) 4} 10) 0} 31) 15]105) 26/150} 47/106} 23/129) 13) N. 78 27 W.|.43 - 15 W.).14 | 264 §
Winter 186]180| 34) 76) 16) 50) 14) 94) 22/376/109)/729|253)635/197|625) 40, N. 73 41 W.|.51 . 57 W.|.12) 8

Spring
Winter 70| 77| 23) 13) 1) 33) 10) 65) 25/139) 89/315/175)287| 86/368

7
t
43. {) Attain 12) 16) 1) 12) 2) O; O| 1 6| 4} 15} 7] 22) 12) 19) O|N. 43 46 W.?}.
0 5
{
|
4
|

. 61 44 W.|.44

N
N
7 N ; 5
Autumn 17| 36) 7 6] 8) 10 3} 0} 19) 23) 46) 11) 38} 15) 21 |N. 63 27 W.|.37 . 514 E. |.07 | 88
N
N

The year! oe a ece|h) 2a4| cc6l)) casi] a bop
Bie 55° || Spring 8) 18} 7} 5) 0; 1) 1) 6 O} 3) 6) 19) 25) 21) 17) 25 4)N. 51 45 W.|.54 | N.16 W.].11 | 55
ya | Winter 22) 30} 7; 17) 1) 0} 3) 8 6) 41) 15) 48) 11) 54) 23) 61). 5|)N. 61 28 W.).43 |S. 68 E. |.01 | 117

to 60° E.
45.
Long. 60°
to 65° E.
Ab.
Long. 65°

Winter 31| 24] 6} 2] 0} 3) Oo} §| 3] 20] 8] 89] 30] 44) 31] 44, 1/N. 69 45 W..57 |S. 64 W.|.10 | 115

) Winter 20} 10) 1) 12) 0} 5} 7 11) 10) 18) 27) 48) 33) 59) 29) 61) 5) N. 73 13 W.)}.51 |S

- 52 55 W.|.48 | N. 54 E. |.08}| 98
N
s

to 70° E.

AT | Spring 12} 37] 14; 6) 1} 1) 2} 11) 3) 15} 12) 40) 23) 39) 29) 47) 1)N -
Long. 60° Summer 9) 20) 5 8) O} a] 1) O} 3) 2 5 16) 11) 32) 8) 26) 4)N. 42 19 W.).54 333 E. |.19 | 50
a 750 E Autumn 7| 10} 0; 1) O} OF 1) 3] 7 9 66 15) 16) 28) 13) 6 1 N. 78 58 W.?|.57 41 W.|.17} 41
oe Ul Thevyear!|sn2:\0--- sa ae tl likcral lees Eel eee) eenlll ceesl ieee peer EN SRO ZI mESiaWieleoill seca 593
48
N. 74 34 W.|.53 |S. 32 W.].10 | 17

Long. 70° Winter 11) 23} 6] 9} 4) 10} 3] 17} 11) 28) 39) 67} 49)107) 34) 86) §
to 75° E.

15 W.).

Winter

Winter
| Winter 2 N
() Spring 27| 19} 4] 3] 1) 0} 3] 6G] 6| 25] 17] 29) 16] 31] 19} 24] 7 N. 69 40 w.|.44 |_N. 48 E, |.23) %9
Lone 75°, {Summer | Of Of 0} 0} 0} of Oo} 8} 0} 13) 2 24 13] 91) 6] 3) |S. 70 48 W.?|.72 |S. 214 W.|.26 | 27
to190° B, || Autumn | 3] 3] 0} 0} Of 1) 0; 6 4) 13) 15) 48) 10] 49| 9/ 27) ON. 87 48 W.|.68 | N. 77 W.|.10| 63
wv || The year! A Roallimesc)| licens’ | fiecerctl arses |aeos enc! cess) cave) euell) cecil) cen) ceell) eonlNe So) Dol Wel sa Sn as
| Winter
J
ieee
Winter
to 100° a
55.
Long. ies} Winter 4) 5] 3} 5] 0} 2! 3] 8] 3) 49| 40/128) 78/141] 41] 32] 2S. 88 28 W.|.734|S. 744 W.|.12 | 182
to110° E.
Fe Spring | 12} 10] 2) 2/ 1} 2! o} 4] 5) 20] 25) 36] 19] 33/ 11) 20] 5)/N. 88 30 W.|.54 | N.8911 B.|.07 | 69
Lone 105°} | Summer | 4) 5] 2} O} O/ 8 1) 2} O| 16) 13) 29) 21, 21) 9) 19] ON. 89 7-W.|.56 | N, 86 W.|-07 | 50
ps gop, || Autumn | 5) 4) 3/ 2 2) 0} 0 4) 4) 13) 13) 21) 51) 52) 10) 11) 1)N. 85 3 W.|.70 | N. 57 W.|.09 | 66
v : The year! | ...| ...| --- eee eecileaee eel Wreeaiieesel| Fbcill ees] bicce! N 962) 1 ee sreseiee
} Winter

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 2%. LAT. 40° TO 45° S. 617

(Nos. 58 to 65.) Indian Ocean.— Continued.

. RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT

Monsoon
POINTS OF THE COMPASS,

influences.

Place of Time of

observation, | the year. Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Calm or var.
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,
Number of days.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

82° 15/ W.!.
84 32 wW.l.
87 58 W.'.604
85.18 W. .5¢
88 33 W..

68 3 W...52)
72 14 W.'.
8 4 W...
72 16 W..
75 5
77 57
70 57
85 35
58 24
72

71

76

77
Bat)

5 8)

83

88

o
oT CH
Pann

59

fiong. 120° Autumn

Winter
Spring
Summer
The year!

Autumn
Winter

62. Spring
Long. 130° 4 | Autumn
Wiuter

ZAn mA zag zz iawn

Summer
The year!

Spring
Autumn
Winter

Autumn
Wiuter

Za 22

iA wt Tn

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 66 to 68.) Van Dieman’s Land (Tasmania).
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Hobart Town, by Francis Abbot, at his private observatory, during the years 1857 to 1865
inclusive.
Kent’s Group, for a period of five years, 1861 to 1866.
Port Arthur, for a period of five years, 1861 to 1866, and also for an aggregate period of 666 days,
by Lempriere, in the years 1837, 1838 and 1839.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE JIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

a Direction of
peeceot puneape es .E. Sh 1p, . WwW. N. W. E resultant.
e

Ratio of re-
sultant tosum
of winds.

12.89
101.02) N. 45° 23°W.
120.33) N. 44 34 W.
47.34, N. 47 26 W.
47.46)5. 84 30 E.
316.15) N. 42 6 W.

December

—

January 7-22) 6. 6. 9.
| February 5.22) 4.2: do le
March 5.11) 6- ie 8.
| April 5.00) 4. 6. 9. 30.00
May 5.44) 2. 5. 11.3% 42.80
| June 388] Zo ie 7.6 45.11
/ July Hout) 8, Dp 8. 39.89
August 5-11] 3. 6. 10. 35.33
September 5.55) 3. Uo 9.6 22.45
October 6.22) 5. 7.34) 8.2) 15.22
November 9.67) 5. 5. 9). 9-67
: 6. Yo 6.3:
3. 19. .
OF

|

}

| Spring
Summer
| Autumn

=
oOo

Winter
The year |185.65

oR ee

Go =I Co
bo
=

738 duly, 18765.

618 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 67 and 68.) Wan Dieman’s Land (Tasmania).— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of the Direction of

observation. year. resultant,
; t Calm

or var.

Ratio of re-
sultant to
sum of winds.

| oe
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring

=
Wa hawTtPonoa@mp

NER OH EH OOMDE |
Nwwwhrepbpbpypwpts
ao |
Onabharanaawnnwww
ra

IN. 79° “O/.We

Summer 5 N. 68 27 W.
Autumn 9 8S. 75 41 W.

Win er 8. 23
The year! | ... aoe eee 550 dog 506 moe ae ore) | Sh ts
January
February
March
April
May

June

July
August
September
October
November
December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year

RwWWWEN RW ROR or

~)
e

=
be
ad

OPRATDNDOCONPNNUeAR BROWNE eR

cook
DPODOWWPRNYNNYNRNWOO

i

Reo OCOHNPwWNWWwWWwh RRO bh
TWWAT RR RPP ONWNRNH He
PRP RWHOREHENpHHHEHOR

i G2
a
a
ies)

39

oo

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 69 to 78.) Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180° from Greenwich.

From observations for an aggregate period of over 4 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
influences.

THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resu!tant.

Time of Time of

observation. | the year. Direction.

tosum of winds.

variable,
Ratio of resultant J

Number of days.

Calm or

| Spring 7 f 2 6|N. 89° 20/ W.}.
Summer | 1 8 ips j 2 - 83 58 W.}.
ee BCE DU VE eel lees eoeell coell) oedlt) S5I|| coc}|, o-0l| -os5) sco] ead) Geol) tcoalh Sadi coolll ceo!) pallMiok:t) bi Wels

| | Autumn | | 2 : IN. 37 49 W.?|.
| Winter les | 8 | } - 60-15 W..|.

tee 140°
to 150° E

70.
Long.145°
to Ps

Long. si) Winter 52 15 w.l.38 | N.

to ae is

eis 150°
to nee EK.

| Spring | . 63 39W.?). N.

ae 155° || Winter ° 36 W.?/.382| N. 28

to 160° E.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

eae

SERIES B. ZONE 27. LAT. 40° TO 45° §S. 619

(Nos. 74 to 78.) Pacific Ocean.—Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

D Monsoon
THE COMPASS,

influences.

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

Calm or

. 85°20/W.?.
.86 4W.?). . ;
. 62 30 W.L 28) eens

9 42W.?.
41 1W.?).

61 30 W.
34 «6
19 34
9 47 FE. }. z 7
HR Pf \WY oP I] coscconn

7 18
57 56
-45 7

Summer
Autumn
The year!

=
(Ss)

ZAZA
mS
(o)

Spring
Winter
Spring
Summer
Winter

Autumn
The year!

Spring 32) 15
Long.175° 4 | Summer | is 27) 4) 16
E. to 180°. || Winter ‘ 32] 19) 54

i= :
Be bossa sae:

=

62} 21) 36) 12
13] 2) 10) 3
22] 28) 43) 23

im 8

wan hae Zan ZA

iss)
on

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 79 to 83.) Middle New Zealand.
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Hokitika.

Lyttleton, at Christchurch, during the years 1852 to 1854, and 1864 to 1867, both inclusive.
Nelson, by Samuel Stephens, during the years 1852 and 1853.
Wellington, by Staff-Surgeon Prendergast, during the years 1852 and 1853.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

e-
Ww.

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

Direction of
resultant.

b
&
sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant to

N. E. or be-

tween N.& E.

S. E. or be-

tween 8S. & E.

South.

tweenS. & W.
| West.

. W. or
tween N
Calm or
Number of days.

January
February
March
April
| May
| June
| July
\ 79 euenst

A eptember
Lyttleton.! 1 a anes
} November
December
Spring
| Summer
| Autumn
}

pa
a

Be oe
DOmTAWINTSOTeH

a
WoOTrwtTMAPinMaia | Bast.

=
RPONDTOR OME WNNONWNH He

64° 34/ E.
34 49 W.
34 E.

9 2k.
) 57 EB.

20 E.?

i
bo

BwewHonHonwnenme | North
to
S

=

NWWN REE RE Eee ORE DHE
=

BDORUINRDWHENDRPREREPPNPh-s

ar
~JT
NW ROWER ppPhNRP EHO,

Winter
The year

On
IN
fon)
is
oo
=
wo oS
=
cs
bo
iss)
es)

bo
=
o
=
is
wo

| 2 , The year
81

| 12.W.?
i Wellington.
82.

oS SC OCONBOURE DHE Ep PNHeHHoO

The year

51 W.

20
52
38
43
57

The year

j Aggregate.
H 2 Spring 21} 9
| ! 83 Summer 2: 16 4

Autumn E 16 | 14
Winter 20 | 24

| Hokitika. ;
The year 2) 73 | 51 | 56

ZUMA D mw mmm

) 1 Months and seasous for the last four years only.

620 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

ZONE No. 28.

LATITUDE 45° to 50° SoutH.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
3 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 14 years 6 months; and at sea
for 27 years, 6 months. The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. lee eee | Aggregate length of time.
Pacific Ocean, 36 Sin nearly 19 years.
Atlantic Ocean, Seni 4 years.
Indian Ocean, Bae 4 years, 6 months.
Desolation Island, 1 2 years.
New Zealand, 2 12 years 6 months.
(Nos. 1 to 24.) Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180° from Greenwich.

From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 12 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of

Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
influences,

THE COMPASS,

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. | the year, Direction,

to sum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Calm or

~)

i (Se :
veo | | Winter 24 : $ 3 56 0) y - 76° 39/ W.|.
e183 wy. J | Spring P | 27| 12 IN. 54 6 Wil.

.|.263| 18
.|.28° | aim

b

bo
ao

mm

Winter ; i> 8 W..

. 28 39 W.?).
. 57 33 B22).
56 7 W.|.16}| scsercees

Summer
| Autumn
The year!
4.
Long. 165° ¢ | Spring
to 175° W.
5.
Long. 165° + | Winter 4 . 88
to 170° W. J |
6.
Long. 160° +) Winter ‘ 5 3 5 Ng
to 165° W.
Te
Long. 155° }| Winter
to 160° W.
8.
Long. 150°
to 165° W.

a=)
Z AAA

. 81 43 W.|.

Spring
Autumn

Winter

| Summer
The year!

‘ Spring
Long. 120° Autumn
to 150° W. | Winter

Winter

Spring | | 2) | 39] 6S. 69 1 W.).51
Summer aa 5 . 1732 W.?|.39

14,
Long. 110° || Winter | 24 86) QU Welt56 |) scsereees

to 115° W.

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Number of days.

SERIES B. ZONE 28. LAT. 45° TO 50° S.

(Nos. 15 to 24.)

Pacific Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE ComMPass,

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

variable.

Calm or

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant

to sum of winds.

621

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Number of days.

Autumn
Winter

Winter

| The year!

Spring
Summer

Winter

S

Autumn

oO

Spring
Summer
Winter
Spring
Autumn
Winter

Summer
The year!

3 Lael
Da oRaAa ob
So omeoono a

Spring
Autumn
Winter

Prw :

20 13
| 11) 16 42
0, 14) 9177

271

30| 31! 15
12) 7 10)
52 34' 26
76 52) 45
64 43) 34
91 269 120
33, 32 18
19 50 47) 33
17 64141) 63

vA

87
287

93/291 205 411 173
5 if I

An hia DA

AR

zzZ.

. 84° 457 Ww...

b BPA & \Wolls

. 85

- 13
: 59

- 82

. 66

o
ray

for}
lor}

oo
o

18 W.|.44

41 W.|.
38 W.|.

23) Wi.?|-

. 395 W.) .

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 25 to 32.)

a

Atlantic Ocean.

From observations for an aggregate period of 4 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of

Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

THE COMPASS

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

Place of Time of
observa- the year.

variable.

Caim or

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Monsoon
influences.

Direction.

Number of days.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring
Autumn
Winter

ee 50° Summer
8. The year!

Spring 0
Autumn j 2
Winter 2 1

5
14)
43

a

aAMws
wazamaae

—

i

es 0 So

Ae

Roo
ree

i

. 80°38’ W.|.
. 65 43 W.?).
54 W.| .42 |

57
64

30 W.).
27 W.| -
11 W.| .6
59) W.|-
51! W.| .

3 W.2| .

4 W.|.
23 W.| .
33 W.|
20 W.|.
j {

S. 45° W.|.
N. 35 W.!).

! Computed from the

resultants for the seasons.

622 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 29 to 32.) Atlantic Ocean.— Continued.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF :
influences.

THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant,

observation. the year. Direction.

to sum of winds,

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

Calm or

Spring | 15 | 5] 9} | 22) 22! 16 . 57°44! W.] .

29. Summer | 9] 2 . 79 53 W.2) .
Long. 35° 4 | Autumn | 16) 28 ie] | 1é . 42 10 W.|.
Winter | 22) | 15 | 3} 36, 9 N. 78 42 W.).

Wi Y= ia gy a ene eee | ceo lecee|| ceili slp ccall deell, aas|flcealf seal} sos||, coolf cra\| rooal|h coal) abo) PNlo (HEE ES WGI

|
| Autumn | BC Bada) SSI NY corscooce

- 61.26 W.22] .55 | ssnneee

» T1213 W.22) 67 | sae eseeee

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 33 to 39(a@).) Indian Ocean, longitude 20° to 80° east.
From observations for an aggregate period of nearly 2 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant,

Place of Time of the
observation. year.

to sum of winds,

variable,
Ratio of resultant

Ss
E.

South,

Calm or

Number of days.

East.
E
S. E.
s

- 66° 27/W.?| .
- 69 42 W.).
. 60 54 W.)|.
- 87 Te Wa
- 8957 W.?).
- 56 26 W.}.
. 85. 1 Wale
- 66 29 W.?).

33. Long. 20° to 45° E. Winter
34. Long. 45 to 50 E. Winter
35. Long. 40 to 60 E. Spring
36. Long. 50 to55 E. | Winter
37. Long. 55 to 65 E. Winter
38. Long. 48 to 73 E. Autumn
39. Long. 65 to 70 E. Winter
39(a). Long. 60 to 80 E. | Spring |

i

=
ee)

i)
orooncoso

rFPooownmrn
BRrRWwWoOWwWors
PNrFowonwsd
CONOCOFRSRSO
opSOr SONNY

1 Chiefly from observations on board New London whale ships.

(No. 40.) Kerguelen’s Land, or Desolation Island.
Computed from observations made by captains of New London, Connecticut, whale ships, in the
years 1857 and 1858, and procured for the author by Edmund B. Jennings.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENTPOINTS OF
influences.

THE COMPASS.

Direction

Time of |
| of resultant.

the year. Direction.

variable
Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Spring 9} § 0 76} 29) $ ~ 49° 91 We.
Summer ‘ 0 ¢ | 62} 36138] 3s 5 . 63 54 W.
Autumn 5 0} 11 61 8] 12 . 60 59 W.
Winter 5 DAI ‘ 9 37 | 16 . 86 29 W..2?

The year! - 65 16 W.

=

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SERIES B. ZONE 28. LAT. 45° TO 50°S. 623

(Nos. 41 to 51.) Indian Ocean, longitude 70° to 145° east.

From observations for an aggregate period of 24 years, collected and classified, from the logs
of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt.
M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of the

Directi
observation. year. on of

resultant.

to sum of winds.

East.
South
Calm or
variable.

N. E.

Ratio of resultant
Number of days.

. Long. 70° to 75° E. | Winter
. Long. 75 to100 E. | Spring
Long. 75 to100 E. | Winter
. Long. 105 to115 EH. | Winter
. Long. 115 to120 EH. | Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn
The year!
. Long. 120 to125 E. | Winter
8. Long. 125 to130 EH. | Winter
Long. 130 to135 HE. | Winter
. Long. 135 to140 E. | Winter
. Long. 140 to145 HE. | Winter

ry

PPR OKrOoHor

- 15° 21! W.|.6
67 30 W.??
86 2 W.?|.6
89 26 W.).7:
58 32 W.
78 27 W.|.
45 W.!.
53 W.)-6
59 W.|.E
61 W.).
59 W.|.
63 W.|.6

71 W.|.623
70 8 W.).

: i
aw: acoPHrOoOor

somooosco
cowoocoos

Long. 105 to 135 E.

1 onpwapRe wor

13

8
25) 35
61 142
39 165

Swrmo: WNrORCOH
AAAAAAAAAAY AAA

GAUnwo: COwwrHooocse
HOoocoo: osoHoosos
wWWHO: COoRCOoOOrF

Be OWwWo:
wooed:

i

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 52 to 63.) Pacific Ocean, west of longitude 180° from Greenwich.

From observations, for an aggregate period of nearly 7 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
PoINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of
observation. the year.

Direction of
resultant.

. E.

N.N.

S.S: EB

Calm or var.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Number of days.

i)
=
e
be

eS i)

NWRUGNUIwDHOG MM
DAAAAR AN A aA Aa AZ AA
~~}
bw

71°57! W. |.
w. |.

9 W.|.
w.|.

W.|-

oo
ao

(| Spring

j Summer
my

L

ae)
o
rs

. Long. 135° to 155° B

=
cor)

Autumn

The year!

. Long. 145 to 150 Winter

. Long. 150 to 155 E. | Winter

. Long. 155 to160 B. | Winter

). Long. 155 to165 E. Spring

. Long. 160 to 165 Winter

- Long. 155 to170 E. | Summer

Sprin

Long. 165 to170 E.{ | Wyit8.

Spring

Winter

. Long. 155 E. to 180°. acon alle
Long. 170 E. to 180. Summer 6

i 5 5
Long. 175 B. to 180. {) Son's a

a:
CO He He
“10 ©

i

pay pen :
OINAROW!: SoO-1
ro)

bo

xo
ow
oO

33
43
9

a

a
ts

. Long. 170 to 175

2 ww 8
1 POD OMNANAATS:

5 wo :
PPP OomwWwIeE RN wh: Wow

=
ive}

tow
- a
o

26 35
50] 3: re 62

wo! OW RPROUTBRHOSD:
wo
ao

Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

624 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 64 to 66.) Southern New Zealand. :
Observed at the following places, viz. :—
Dunedin, for an aggregate period of 44 years, 1862-4 and 1866-7.
Southland, for an aggregate period of 8 years, 1858 to 1867.

RELATIVE PLEVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE Monsoon
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. influences,

Direction of
resultant,

Place of Time of

observation, the year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.

N. E. or be-
tween N. & E.
East.

S. E. or be-
tween S. & E.
Ss. W
tweenS.&

N. W. or be-
tween N. & W.
Calm or
Ratio of resultant

(| January

| February
March
April

May

June

| July
August
September

|
|

oe ita | orth

yey
AIDNOONNWWOrHO-A10

Wa =)

64,

*Southland. October

| November
December |
| Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year
January
February
March
April
May
June

| July
August
September
October
November
| December
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year |
Spring
Summer
Autumn |
| Winter |
The year | 1

. 65°55! W.! .
. 48 54 W.|.
. 69 41 W.|.
. 85 13 W.).
. 67 46 W.|.

PDmOWWNWOPRTOR Db bw

b
WONOMDOAWRNNRAMS

=
(=)

= teed
WaOra

Oooo: 2: :

65.
Dunedin.

BPAORATAEROUDPRONWN RPE RHEE RP OHOOrR OH

OR Ro

9S TTT oor to BO aT

hob
ror

Swe ew ee oe)
=~T
(=)
1A ie iat ha A

PONTO RNIN NWNDNRPRE RH bow howe ee be po
a
oO

PONTE NPNWNWPAONHOOOH- bh DP

bo

bo
ON ETROMDOWERWNNH HEHEHE HEP NwWRHENDOHHHOHSOOOHS

66. :
South Island.

aah RO
a

ZONE No. 29.

LATITUDE 50° To 55° SoutH.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
3 stations on land, for an aggregate period of nearly 12 years 8 months; at sea
for 17 years 3 months. ‘The distribution is as follows :—

Where observed. qe Aggregate length of time.
Pacific Ocean, Se: 9 years 6 months.
South America and adjacent islands, 2 8 years 8 months.
Atlantie Ocean, vet 7 years 6 months.
Antaretic Ocean, lata cst 3 months.

Heard’s Island, 1 nearly 4 years.

SERIES B. ZONE

(Nos. 1 to 26.)
From observations for an aggregate period of over 94
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory,
Captain M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

2

9.

IANA

50°

N@Q HSe

S. 625

Pacific Ocean, east of longitude 180° from Greenwich.

years, collected and classified from the

under the direction of

| RELATIVE PREVALENCE or WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT PorNTs oF + .| Monsoon
| THE Compass. & | influences. a
| ae z
ae Ss
Place of ob- Time of the : 5 : ‘ Dror om *
servation, year, la gj i al. |e = |. E 5 BS of resultant. |‘ | Direction. u
| <5 males oho || a [eS WE Wo] Se es Wee Wee > las] on 2
BFE lA) |ala lalla 2218) 2 |e lee 9 E
| SSA |A lela lala lala l|alelElE le || |S e- z
1. Long. aoa Seer | 2) 1) 2134) a) 4) 5/4 ol ol” of al! o 0} (OS: 50202 Mth) 55) 9
| W. to 180° Winter CUO Cie Ch OL ONO) Sol col aio altho) -0)\ oll olsee@aeawiel ico |) eal ck 3
oC ° .
pacers: 155 \ Winter | 14) 8| 9/12] G| 13] 0] 6| 1) 23/ | 46| 12] 25] 10| 31| sin. 45 40 w. OM apace 64
| eeeee: 150" | Winter | 26) 26; 2/ 13| 4/13] 6] 5} 0| 20] 23] 39) 19) 30] 35] 58| 21. 50 25 w.|.42| ......... | 108
| f Spring 5) 24) 8) 6 0) 22) 3) 10] 0} 24] 9] 19} 1) 16] 4) 9] olw.51 21 &. | oy S. 163° u.| 53 |
4. Lone. 120° Summer 1) 16} 8} 24) 10} 26) | 26] 4! 29] 16! 39 38) 45) 9} 2 O}S. 65 10 W.! .22 1S. 221 W.| 104
Baicse ww, | Autumn | 5] 8] | 5] 5] 2] of 1 ol of o o) 4) 7 3] 0) ON. 7 3597] 44|N.Q7; B.| 13
to c Winter _ | 49] 58) 21) 39) 11) 29) 6| 20] 14| 57| 30| 71| 46] 97| 53/109] 5IN 51 41 w.| 36 N. G3 W.| 238
MD AVEEIN || ‘caal coal} coal! G05]! coc ood || aoall) geoll cool! ocell Gast! cool! cecil sell’ onctlll cn. JING BY PA Wye tt IPN Gaaemo non 408
99° :
; ew } Winter 9] 24) 10; 14) 1) 3/ 0} 9] 13] 14/5] 16) 14] 49] 5) 20] ol. 59 12 w.|.32 67
oC, ° e ~
eciciw.. \ aS eS els eos 2 Sie tipan|) 7/32) 22 44\ Su! 451 03l col. 6s ae, wel 44) 695
°
esc \ Winter 5) 2) J) Oo} a) 2} 2) 4) 10) 15) 38) 16] 72] 23] 22] 12] als. go 21 w.|.6a| ........ | v6
Spring 23) 9) 8) 10) 13) 13] 12 3} 10 2| 80/ 22] 55] 16] 29] 11) sly. 79 94 w.|.331N. 55 B./ 89
Seeeeeeeo || Summer | 7 0} 9) 1) 19) 20] 19] -9| 9| 9)-34| 9} 24] 10] is| 13] ols, 39 31 W.|-17/S. 623 E.| 685
eee | | Autumn | 12) 7) 0] 7 2 Ol o| 0} 3] 3| 23] 9] 33] i9| 13] 3] ol ys so W.?| .57| N. 602 Ww.) 45
pblrepyoantsipecliee a e.sliooei ali caitlin sl) gall Carina Reales cee ---| .../N. 88 0 W.) -39 Looe 447
°
Gombe. }| Winter | 5| 0) 5] 0) 3] ol 7 a} 5) 7} 29] a7] eal oal ol ol ale. 87 34 W.).70 73
o i} 3 i
Sto1ooew, }| Winter | 2} 12} of 4} of a} of 6] 1x] 8] 271 39] sol sal ael ae] aly. ve ae W.| 063 | cece ea |
° |
eee ar \ Winter | 10/13) 3) 3] 0} o|-1) 6] 3] 19] x4) 52] 31] 75) 33] 40| lw. 79 56 w.|-65|N. 66 w.| 119
Spring 15) 24) 7| 14| 14) 14] 19/ 21) 11] 30) 18] 76) 37| 58] 46] 24] 12/N. By 59 W.| 34] 8. 283 B, | 147
12. Long. 85° || Summer | 8] 22/ 4] 14] 6| 17/ 17/ 18| 7 21] 16] 38 7 15) 23) 11) 3/8. 58 49 w.|.15|S. 573 n.| 82
to 100° W. Eee 7 8) 6) 3) 1) 3) 6 5] 3) 9} 13) 34) 31) 64] 50] 28] BIN. 68 51 w.|.62|N. 533 W.| 92
DOS) SAGE ceol! socal! ‘oo6l|: ecall cool} eooll cool] esoll ceall sell aaall cell moll Soll) sell ce Wo 7A) TL AWVG WP oBt} | © Sabosstes 640
i oa : Winter | 11/ 4) 0) 9) 4) 2 2] 9/ 6) 28) 14) 46] 18] esl 47] 52) oly. 72 9 w.l.s9| ........ 115
Spring 34) 27) 10) 15) 6) 17) 12) 27/ 11) 32} 33] 65] 36) 78) 42] 75] acly. 68 18 w.| .31| NW. 724 B | 215
14, Long. g° || Summer | 8/ 16) 10) 21] 8! 23] 17/ 26] 11) 82] 26] 35/ 31/ 20] 23] 26] 1513. Go 14 w_|1s|s. 433 B. | 116
ae 85° WW Autumn | 25/ 39/ 13) 5) 8| 10} 7] 37} 23) 33) 29| 65] 44| 75] 50| 92] 10lN. 69 27 w.|40|N. 431 w.| 188
: Winter | 75] 80] 18) 17) 7] 7 6) 24) 29) 55/ 47|166|159)184|145|160| O8|N 6s 15 w_| 56 N. 514 W.| 402
x MNOS FEL || ccall coal]. ose! oscil ccoll canll ceoll cool! coal eaull aeoll cap os, oso) eel) osal! sacl ING 7} DB) Ayia || nets |) 22 921
See Spring 2/11] 0} 4) 1) 7 9} 9) 4{ 12] 1! 14) 9] 25/16] 301 ain. 6s 59 w.|.36 51
83° to 89° w | | Winter 9! 4) OL 6) Of OF 0} 1) 3] 15] 8) 37] 15) 28] 21) 34] Ol ye 9 wl sl 61
fo}
eee te Spring | 12) 15/ 2 5| 3] 5] ol a1] 7 15} 7 19| 9] 27/ 281 12] sl. 69 6 w.|.36 59
ato gow. {| Winter | 16} 3/ o| 6| 4] 1] of 3] o| i7| 13) 3il a7 AQ} 16) 43) 3/N. 67 15 W.| .58 71
| 83° to 89° W.
| iv dat. 0° (| Summer | 8/ 10; 2] 12) 3] 11) 4) 9] 6| 14) 7 24) 4/10] 141 15] olw. es 37 w.| 17 2
| to 52°5., long. Autumn 8) 17) 4) 1) 4) a} 5} 19] 4! | 11/ 33] 18) 20] 20] 24 N. 76 4° W.| .39)| 65
81° to 89° W. WE: FIDE || cea} cool): coal cool] “ceoll cell cal] otal) ‘eeoll’ ecclf! asell “on. se] cee] se2] see] ...1N. 74 14 W.| .40 | 351
He Hat. 62° (| Summer | 4] 10 5] 12] 10] 19115] 4 2 | 3/13 9/ 12] 15] 19) 8/N. 11 27 E, | .10 56
too4°S.,long.4| Autumn | 11} 9] 0] 0] 1] 2] 5] 18] 7 20] 14/ a7 11) 18) 18) 36 N. 75 40 W.| .45 67
81° to 89° W. Whe see [eel sacel| Gas}|/-caa||, Goal!) os)-co5 ceo} co! onl! Sent! cell aah tos || cent uae ies N. 66 15 W.| .37 385
°
ieee £0 Spring 10; 4) 4) 9} oO} Of Of 1] 9} 15] 5) 21] 16) 29 15| 23] 10}N. 70 46 W.| .46 | 55
81° to 330 W Winter 1) 3) 1} 2) a) 4) 1) 2 8) 7 62) 39) 30) 55] 20) 27 IN. 75 35 W.| .66 67
eee Spring 8} 3} 3| 3) 2) 3) 1) 8 0} 9} 7% 9] 11/ 29] 18] 23) gin. 66 7 w.?| .44 45
Bie to sso We {| Winter | 16| 15] 0| 3! of 2] o| s| 1] 14! 5] 48] 25! 59| 30! 30 N. 69 0 W.| .62 87
21. Lat. 50°
ee Sens. | Winter | 11) 9] 0} 4! oj 1] 4) 231 8) 18] 11) 55] 22] 39] 31] 39] sly. 86 3 w.l.51 90 §
to 1° W.
| 22. Lat. 62° ‘| Spring 8} 6} Of 1) 3} 5] 1) 2] 5] 17] 4} 34] 10] 19| 7| 29] olw. 85 34 w.?! .48 48
| to 64° S., long. J | Autumn 5] 5) 3) 3) 1) 5) 0} 6) 6] 5) 7 32) 16) 36] 12) 33] SIN. 71 45 W..| .53 | 61
| 79° to 81° W. || Winter 9} 12; 3] 1) 0} o} 3] 7 4| 11) 19) 2s] 43) 51) 38| 31/ sin. v2 14 w.| 64 | 90
|

“19

July, 1875,

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

626 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 23 to 26.) Pacific Ocean.— Continued. x

Monsoon
influences,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Direction
of resultant.

Place of Time of

observation, the year. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

Calm or

ior,
S

70° 5/ W.| .6
0 W.?| .
8 W.|.
7 W.| .

29 W.| .
9 W.!.

ee
co

s Summer
Joa
to 52°S., long Aaireriin

| The year!

23. Lat. 50° { Spring
75° to 81° W. |

24, Lat. 52°
f to 54° S., long
75° to 81° W.

|
25. Lat. 50° }

os
<I

| Summer
| The year!

An AAA

ou
e

lor}
oo

to 52°S., long Winter | i 3) 8 26 41) 1 35 W.|.
75° to 79° W.

26. Lat. 52° Spring 2) 0} Oo; O| O 6] 6) 19) 6! 35 | 2)N. 7458 W.? .
to 54°§., long. {| Autumn | Leo Oo} 4 | 9} 8) 29) 25) 56) 22) 24) . 3 20 Welk
75° to 79° W. | 16 14} 09) 0 27| 16) 31) 37| 59| 23) 46 53 W.|.

lor)
ay

Winter

\

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

(Nos. 264 and 27.) Patagonia and Falkland Islands.
Observed as follows, viz. :—
Port Louis, Falkland Islands, by Sir James Ross, for an aggregate period of 172 days, in the
years 1842 and 18438, and by Charles Darwin, for 77 days, in the year 1832.
Punta Arenas, for an aggregate period of eight years, viz.: Spring of 1853 to 1855; and end of
1858 to 1863, by Gov. Jorje Schyte; and July, 1857, to June, 1858, by Dr. J. Burns; with gaps
completed, some of them from Prof. Ig. Domeyko.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE Or WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF
THE COMPASS.

Place of Time of the
observation, year,

Direction of

resultant. Dire ction.

to sum of winds.

variable,
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

Calm or

N. 82° E, | .08
N. 454 B. | .13
S. 65 W.| .08

. 63° 6! W.|.4
.53 17 W.|.
.75 33 W.l.
79 42 Ww.|.
69 11 W.|.
7018 W.?|.
87 46 W.?.
67 32 W.???
5052 W.2?|.6
.78 3 W.|.

Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
| Spring
Summer
| Autumn
| Winter
The year!

00 TT
ara pe
PaOaw phe

we

oO
ww

for.

ZOAAZAAAAAA

1 oorn:

or
ww

’ Computed from the resultants for the seasons.
(Nos. 27(a) to 49.) Atlantic Ocean.
From observations for an aggregate period of 74 years, collected and classified, from the logs
of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt.
M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Monsoon
influences.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE or WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS
OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant,

Place of Time of

observation, the year. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Calm or var.

27(a). Lat. 50°
to 52°S., eee
65° to 67° W. J
| Spring 90) 8 | 26 38] 38] 78) 53) 94 ‘ etl, QT Wes

Winter i j & if 5 | |N. 54° 18/W.?).4¢

28. Lat. 50°
to 55°S , long.
60° to 70° W.

Summer 3} 0} are 8} 3] 20] 14 . 83 20 W.?).
Autumn | | 6 3) 34) 84) 34] 77] 36) 2,N. 64 40 W.|.
Winter Z 5] | | 56] 38,140) 64| 82) 66| 6,N. 70 26 W.).

The year!

! Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SHRIES B. ZONE 29. LAT. 50° TO 55° S. 627

(Nos. 29 to 49.) Atlantie Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

| Monsoon
THE COMPASS.

| influences,

Place of Time of the

f Direction of
observation. year.

resultant. Direction.

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

N. N. W.
Calm or

Spring
Summer

on

. 41° 0 w.|.83 | N. 443°R,
- 70 59 W.?). 5
aeiee IN. 61 18 W.|.

inter | o (3) Bis} \yVo|Lab
LAS SEW || coal}, excl] <ooall ceal] “Gael! csol| Seal) gaol) "eo al) dccll) doall 6sa]| oalf ‘aoal| east! osuliNla GO. 3B. Will

Spring IN. 66 35
Autumn - 51 28

29. Lat. 50°
to 52°5., long.
63° to 67° W.

F
|
1
|
l

BOmbat. 52° })|

to 54°8., long.

63° to 67° ves
31. Lat. 52°
to 54°S., long. ; Winter

63° to 65° W.
32. Lat. 50°

to 52° S., long.
61° to 63° W.
33. Lat. 52°

to 54°S. pone:

61° to 67° W
34. Lat. 52°

to 54°5., long.

61° to 63° WwW

|
|

35. Lat. =|
a }

|

|

one
te 0 6 bo

bo bo
bt oOo

Spring
; Autumn
Wiuter

Summer

| Winter

Spring 5} We | 22 3 ale
Autumn 3 Gj) 2B} | 11) 4(N. 85 48 W.?).

to 54°S., long.
59° to 63° W.
36. Lat. 50°
to 52°S., long.
56° to 63° W.
37. Lat. 52°
to 54°S., long.
55° to 67° W.
38. Lat. 52°
to 54°S. Bisse. | | Winter
57° to 61° W. H
39. Lat. 50° ()
to 52°5S., long.
55° to 61° W.
40. Lat. 52°
to 54°S., long.
55° to 61° W.

Summer | | 6] - 7216 W.?).
EDS S78 | on/|ls af: cell tel aoe] ey ce feel | eee eh eee fel fame feel seal] ee fee aa aN Al

ADO) QL |) ca|] 02:1) 0-1} coal} Gaal) cool} cool} a0] ool] eel) cool! coolh oaoll coell! cool! cool! coolll WB SRA Iyvelb

H
ou
bo

- 80 43 W.|.

(| Spring
Autumn

- 65 16 W.|.
- 68 38 W.|.é
- 83 36 W.).5z

Winter

ee

Reo bo wate

Summer - 88 1 W.?).:
Spring
Summer
Autumn
| Winter

. 64 56 W.|.5
IN. 40 54 W.?).<

- 65 10 W.).é
3 - 68 28 W.
WWOe WE |} col} ces|] oo5|| Sc0]|) coal! eee|! cast! cool} “Sacl] See}! cull! caeH] Goal) cao]! deol! Shell scoala (HTL AIG" Hels

a is 2b AWolb
pA (5 WWolb

=
(> or)

41. Lat. 50°
to 55°S., long.
55° to 60° W.

bo
ou

ero So SPR

oo
S
pa

42. Lat. 52°
l to 54°S., long.
55° to 59° W.
43. Lat. 52°
to 54°S., long.
55° to 57° W.

4

|

[

|

{|

|

| Spring
44, Lat. 50° | Summer

|

He
S

| Spring
} Autumn

He
ee

Winter

iJe}
bo

- 61 16 W.).

79 48 W.|.
53 43 W.?).
43 56 Witt e
70 38 W.!|.
61 11 W.}.5%
86 10 W.??|.2
21 10 W.??).6
5221 W.??).6
62 28 W.?) 3
. 48 35 W.?

AZAAZAAAAA A
iam

to 55° S.,long. 4 | Autumn
50° to 5B° W. Winter
The year!
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

ise

45. Lat. 50°
to 55° S., long.
35° to 50° W.

i ROP! OaAwe
OU a,

; wWrOob? Bron

46. Lat. 50°
to 55° S., long.
35° W. to 6° ie

47. Lat. 50°
to 55°S., long. ¢ | Spring
3° W. to 13°. J

48. Lat. 50° \ loadin 0
to 55°S., long. ¢ | Winter | N. 5445 W.???
6° to 30° E. | |

49. Lat. 50° }

Winter

mM

. 825 W.??! -

A

. 86 82 W.???)|.75

to 55° S., long. } | Winter | oj y ! O|N. 68 23 W.??|.74

20° to 22° E.2

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons. 2 Magnetic variation 17° 9/,

628

(Nos. 50 to 56.)
Observed as follows, viz. :—

WINDS OF

THE GLOBE.

Antarctie Ocean and Heard’s Island.

At Heard’s Island, by officers of whale ships from New London, Connecticut, for an aggregate
period of nearly four years, in the years 1856 to 1859 inclusive.
At Sea, for an aggregate period of 83 days, by Capt. Cook, New London whalers and others.
The observations of most of the latter were collected and classified at the United States Naval
Observatory.

Place of H
observation.

COMPASS.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE

Time of
the year.

Calm or var.

Direction of
resultant.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds

Monsoon
influences.

Direction,

50. At sea, ea, ||
Long. 51°
to 54° E.! J |

oe
Heard’s { |
Island.

52. At sea,
Long. 69°
+ 75° K.
. At sea,
pice 65°
¥e Sieek.

Ato 135° E
55. At sea,
f Long. 155°
eo 165° E.
. At sea,
Laie 165°
E. to 180°2

f

|

|

lL

. At sea, |
eas 110 |

Winter 1

Spring (855) 3:

Summer ee
Autumn 62

Wiuter Ira
The year?

Autumn

Winter

Winter

Spring
Winter

Autumn
Winter

|
0 211
12) °45
6 148
6 186

65) 826
24) 546
51) 641
35 1095)

11

0

152/595
102/294) 36

56/338|
179 448|

13

- 39°42! W.22?

44 27 W. |
~ 49 24

7\N. 47 17

. 36 55

N. 55 14
49) 0

19

34

91

55

N. 282° E.
N. 60 W.|.
S. 68 E.

Place of
observation.

1 Observed by Capt. Cook in the winter of 1775-6.
2 Including Auckland Islands and Campbell’s Island.
5 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Zone intermediate between 29 and 30.

LATITUDE 54° to 56° SoutH.

The material for this zone does not belong exclusively either to the one that precedes or to the
one that follows, the limit between the two being the parallel of latitude 55°. It is thought best,
therefore, to arrange it in a zone by itself.

(Nos. 1 to 16.) Off Cape Horn, longitude 55° to 89° west.
From observations for an aggregate period of over 64 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction
of Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Monsoon

Direction of
resultant.

Time of the
year.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

influences.

Direction.

1. Long.
83° to 89° W.

2. Long.
81° to 89° W.

3. Long. f

74° 1/W. .AS
2 45 W. .6
12 W. .0%
2 23 W. .42
5 27 W.’.
31 W.'.
54 W. .

{ Spring
Winter

Autumn s} 0} 1 15
UWS ya AcE Ined| Sere Secel| ceul| cool! coal Seell eenll 4.
Spring Sl) eel, Ol 11
81° to 83° W. |, Winter 3] 1 | 8] 2) 15

Summer O}y alt 5 | | 5] 18

AABARAA

|

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Number of days.

Number of days.

SERIES B. ZONE 30. LAT. 55° TO 60° §.

629

(Nos. 4 to 16.) Off Cape Horn.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS

Monsoon
OF THE COMPASS.

influences.

Place of
observation.

Time of the
year.

Direction of

resultant, Direction.

North.

E. N. E.

Last.

E.S. ©.

South.

Calm or

variable.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Number of days.

65° 42" W-| .50

4, Lone.
eae 3 W.| .52

79° to 81° W.
Summer

5. Long. {
77° to ge W. \| The year!
| 6. Long. a Goring
77° to 79° W utumn
7. Long.
75° to 772 Ww.

Autumn

Spring
Winter

rary

PDH OD OD: BapoO
oror om or

a
i)
H

oowa@
Owes

DrBhH Oo PCR! Bone

foe

serpy So mom:

Winter
Winter

al
}
al Spring

Pinca eee

; = g
Lows at ane:

2 e c
i komo eo ~1e1!

8. Long.
69° to 77° W i

Summer
Autumn
The year!

Winter

PRO OR ob! worw
CSOSkF SC KBPHw: WoRH

: Boo oO oH:

S

9. Long.
69° to 75° W. }
10. Long. .
65° to 69° Ww. | Winter
Spring
Summer
Autumn

The year!
Winter
Spring
Summer ; At
Autumn . 8435 W.?| .

Winter } . 84 45 Wz.) .5:
IWR@ FEEL |} cos! weal] coal] ceo! asl! G90]|- coal! ool} acel|’ coell! coal]! cool!) caall! coal] cool! coal}! cooi[ifs kD! GEL

Winter 9} 23] | . 69 28
. 64 33
Summer = x0) 16)

Autumn . 52 24
Mag sree@T! || o59|| acsl] cooll cool} coal] c6al] co0|} cccl] 006l] ‘ocal] co5|}-co0|| 2041] toca] ono|| cool! con |fdNls BN)” Bil

Winter 3 7|N. 65 17

i
ary

11. Long.
63° to 69° W.

looms io |

12. Long.
63° to 65°

WWHowm

59° to 61° W.
Spring

55° to 61° W.

4 4s44 4 4

16. Long.
55° to 59° W.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ZONE No. 30.
LATITUDE 55° to 60° SoutH.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made at
2 stations on land, for an aggregate period of 6 months; at sea for i4 years 6

months. The distribution is as follows:—
Where observed. J SAGE Oe Aggregate length of time.
Antarctic Ocean, 5 oc over 14 years 6 months.
Terra del Fuego, 2 6 months.

630 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(Nos. 1 to 26.) Antarctic Ocean, longitude 67° west to 180°.

From observations for an aggregate period of 94 years, collected and classified, from the logs of

numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of Capt.
M. F. Maury, Superintendent.

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT z
influences.

POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

Place of Time of
resultant.

observation. | the year. Direction,

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds.

Number of days,

Calm or var.

1.
Long. 175°
W.to 180°.

84°16 W.

S
i=)

| Spring 30
Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!

| Spring

Summer

Autumn

Winter

The year!

2.
Long. 120°
to 165° W.

ZA

Noos
mM

Aw

3.
Long. 85°
to 115° W.

: yet :
sTWONW: BOWS

io)

? BNW amw! awoSo
AAAAAAAAD A

i ono:

7 Bb

444424454"
F A

4,
Lat. 56°
to 58° 5.,
long. g3°.
to 89° W.

5.
Lat. 56°

Zz
4

Winter

Spring
Autumn

a4

Summer
The year!

ce Se Sy Seon a eS) SaaS, a aes

Spring
Summer
| Autumn
“Winter
The year!

Tat. 55°
to 60° §.,
long. 30°)
to 85° W.
8.
Lat. 56°
to 58° S.,
long. g1°.
to 83° W.
De
Lat. 58°
to 60° S.,
long. 77°
to oe w.J

°
G tise | Autumn
it
|
J

7 isthe wrgtos

4

Winter

wee eens

Spring

long. 77° Winter
to sy

a ise
to 59° S
long. 73°.
to eT° W.

Pee ce | | Spring
to 58° S., $) Autumn
long. 79° | | Winter
to 81° W. J
13. 7
Lat. 56° | | Spring
to 58° S., a Autumn
Ww. J

long. 77° Winter
to 79° W

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

SII IS 1° AOI 1 BN). IAG, HRS UO) GOo Ts. 631

(Nos. 14 to 26.) Antarctie Ocean.— Continued.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF

Monsoon
THE COMPASS,

influences.

Place of Time of the

Direction of
observation. year.

resultant. Direction,

to sum of winds.

variable.
Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

N. N. W.
Calm or

Summer
The year!

Spring
Autumn
Winter

Spring
Autumn

Winter N.
Spring 7 2 39 N. s.
Summer 0 2 14 N. sis &
Autumn 0 0 29 N. N.
Winter 0 3 78 N. N.
The year! een con nen N. aoa
Spring 4 6 49 N N.
Summer 5 3) 10 BN GBS: PATE NAY aI UES Oe coonescea
Autumn 2 8 34 N. 6 N.
Winter 5 12 48 N. Ss.
The year! 208 oo oo|| “o00| [Ne none
: p Spring 29 N. 6
fe Autumn : | 3l iN.
| Winter j 2 ; 56 38 N.
:
Spring 2 | 23
| Autumn 4 37
| Winter 0 57
: Spring 7 | 66 s.
| Summer 6 - 34 8.
Autumn 4 3)155| 82) 88 N.
ee Winter 17 |221/133/108]| 36| N.
The yeart |...) ...) se.) ces] see] ces] cee) eee] cee) see] cee] nee] eee] cee] nee] eee] @e/N. 70003 W.) OL] oe
24, Spring 3} 4' 52) 23) 65) 6 N. W.|
Lat. 56° Summer 15) 9) 19) 0 | N. E. |
- 4) Autumn 3| 16 G | | 14 5] 45] 31) 5) |S. W.|
| : Winter 3] 1 25) 22! \100} 51) 63} 23) N. W.|
The year! . ”

es

Spring | | | 41) 46
Summer 2 | 93 | 18
| : Autumn ( 3 5 | 19 44, 85) 30

Wiuter | i | | fc 1166) 60!
The year! | .. on eae 4 sal Geol) coal acolo.

aan :
: oon:

Autumn
5 Winter

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ox
GE

Place of Time of
observation, | the year.

632 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(No. 27.) Orange Bay and vicinity, Terra del Fuego.

Computed from observations made hourly, under the direction of Commodore Wilkes, from Feb-
ruary 18th, to April 20th, 1839, together with those for three days, collected and classified at the
United States Naval Observatory, as follows :—

Spring.—North 46, N. E. 61, East 9, S. E. 21, South 17, S. W. 678, West 120, N. W. 84,
N. N. W. 12; calm 194.

Direction of resultant S. 59° 29’ W.?

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .56.

Number of days 54.

Winter.—North 9, N. E. 16, East 10, S. W. 156, West 7, N. W. 11; calm 55.

Direction of resultant 8S. 51° 36’ W.??

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .50.

Number of days 11.

(No. 28.) Saint Martin’s Cove and vicinity, Terra del Fuego.

Computed from observations collected and classified at the United States Naval Observatory, for
an aggregate period of 36 days, combined with those made by Charles Darwin, for 7 days, in the
winter of 1832, and those made by Sir James Ross, for 71 days, in the autumns of 1842 and 1843,
as follows :—

Autumn.—North 3, N. E. 3, E. N. E. 8, East 2, S. E. 1, South 2, 8. S. W. 9, S. W. 69,
W.S. W. 11, West 18, W. N. W. 8, N. W. 11, N. N. W. 10; calm 12.

Direction of resultant 8S. 67° 41’ W.?

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .57.

Number of days 95.

Winter._N. N. E. 1, N. E. 2, South 4, 8. S. W. 3, S. W. 2, W.S. W. 4, West 2, W. N. W. 3,
Is Vis dls

Direction of resultant S. 60° 59’ W.?

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .52.

Number of days 19.

(Nos. 29 to 46.) Antarctic Ocean, longitude 73° west, eastwardly to 180°.
From observations for an aggregate period of over 5 years, collected and classified, from the
logs of numerous sailing vessels, at the United States Naval Observatory, under the direction of
Capt. M. F. Maury, Superintendent. ‘

Monsoon

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT
influences.

PoInTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of

resultant. Direction.

Ratio of resultant
to sum of winds,

Calm or var.

2

Summer

Spring

Summer
Autumn
Winter
The year!
Spring

| Summer
Autumn

| Winter

| The year!

i pew! meow
P Howe! poor
AARP AAA Aa
_ ZAP 2

A

| Winter

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

Number of days.

1 Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

ZONE No. 31.

LATITUDE 60° To 65° SouTH.

The data for the study of the winds of this zone consist of observations made

on the Antarctic Ocean for an aggregate period of 505 days.
July, 1875,

80

S DUMMIES 1B, Om 1 Bil, mA, BOS UN@ Geo 633
(Nos. 38 to 46.) Antaretie Ocean.— Continued.
RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE DIFFERENT POINTS OF ga Monsoon
TH COMPASS. 23 influences. ra
Nl I mies
| 5 oS om
Place of Time of the . si ‘ | E |. s Direction of oe 2
observation. year. | Fl _|2 fe] A]. |e E : 2 6@| resultant. 23 | Direction. | g
B(2/Al ele) alalalsl|ale|4|2| "| 2] 2 les Hie 2| &
A\A/A a/R al alalalala| ele el ale 6 i | 2
33. 1 . | ) |
Lat. 58° | eal | |
to 60°S., }| Autumn Al 0} 0} 0} 0} 0} 0} O} 0} 4) 10) 19) 21) 40) 19) 14) 1)N. 74°58" Ww.) 81) ........- | 44
long. 61° |
to 67° W. J
34.
Lat. 58° | H
to 60°S., $| Spring 9; 19) 4) 5) 1) 4) Oo} 1} 0} 9] 8} 38) 24| 48) 14) 28) 4/N. 64 20 W.| .58 x 72
long. 59° | :
to 69° W. J
2)
Lat. 58° |
to 60°S., f Winter 9} 3) 2) 0} O} 1) 0} 0} 2 1} 2) 41) 48) 63) 9) 25) siN. 73 41 W.| .77 102
long. 59°
to 67° W. J
36. f| Spring 10) 21) 3) 8) 0} 2) 2) 7] 3) 19) 33] 83] 33) 60] 28] 59) 10|N. 77 29 W.| .58| N. 64° W.| .08 | 127
Lat. 55° | | Summer 6] 13} 0} O| 4 2! J] 8} 6) 12) 12] 33) 12) 10) 3] 40 2)N. 78 29 W.| .42|S. 824 H. | .09 55
to 60°S., J} Autumn |} 22) 21) 4 g 2) 2) 1) 5) 11) 34) 21) 70) 41) 69] 25) 36] 14)N. 80 26 W.| .54|S. 79 W.} .04| 129 |
long. 60° Winter 22) 45) 14] 23) 9) 16] 3) 15) 10) 37] 45/105) 58) 89} 50) 72) 21|N.'75 17 W.| .43|N. 80 EB. | .10] 211
to 65° W. l TOG) FEE || oco|! cos) ace} <ccal|) Ecol! “cea|| cal} ‘ocol} ceol!’ casi! cool! Sanll cco! cee co | cool|N BT Ag] BIL |) cocosene «.. | 522%
Tat geo | | Spring 5) 22] 1) 5] 0] 1) 0| 10) 4| 14) 6| 28) 22/ 16) 9) 28) 7/N.70 42 w.).42|N. 74 E.|.06| 59
ee !]}Summer | 8] 14] 6] 1] 3] 5 0} 3] 5/ 12) 9) 91] 9 5] 5) 6| |S. 86 28 W.) .32|S. 432H.|.19] 41 |
iC. ae i Autumn | 11/ 7] 1/ 5/ 0} 2| 1) 1) | 11/ 9} 30) 13) 31] 16) 14| 3)/N. 73 18 W.|.57|N. 64 W.|.10| 529
) 1 f
aM t3° W. J The year! | ... o2e}] ccal] cecl} s6ol] onal} oe God] <o on O00 Wo CD O Wyol) A] cao0n5 6c «. | 254
Lat. 56° |
to 58°S., i Winter ay ai) @) 4) we a ©) OPW) a) Ay aay ay ae) 183) 2N.58 1 W. 63)... 31
long. 55° | ie
to 61° W. } | | | |
39. Spring OS NOOO) 0) 0) OF 2h Ol a = 8) 6) LON 8 3)N- 63) 2) well-70 16 }
Lat. 55° f Summer OQ} By) i; O} Sl mM 2) Bl © Bl OF B ©! 4 oO] Bl OSL Tey ae Well 8 9}
to 60°S., j Autumn 9) 4) 5) 3) OO} 0} 0} 0) 65) 5) 62) 2) 2) 9) 2) ON. B81 5 Ww.) 242 16 |
Tong. 50° | | Winter 8} 7 3) 3) 0} 0} 0) 0} 0} 5) 3) 23) LO} 12) 8] 12) IN. 64 25 W.| .57 32 }
to 60° W. || The year! |---| 0) 2) cee] osef cee] cee] cee] cee] cee] see] cee] cee] eee] aoe] oe. oN. 60 7 W.| .29 73 }
40. j | i
Long. 4° } Spring 6] a] 2) of o| of of of of of 2 oj 0} of o| o| 1\N. 57 32 w.|.08 5 |
to 10° W. : | f
4l. | | {
Long. | Winter a i OF oO OG Oo oO OF B oO B wi a a Oo} OF SIS 87 Sl Wel BR esos 17 f
W. to 6°E. | 1
42,
Long. 10° || Winter WO] Bi OF BO OF Ol a ae a Gah Oh 2 ©) WBS WO GC Awvele2E |] cestoccce 10
10 32° £
0) ;
43. |
Long. | Winter OQ} O| OG OF a @ ©] O] WO Gi Go a Oy oO) OF) a Seman 25 45
to 52° E.
Long. ra Winter 43) 2) 5! 10} 24) 24) 0) 0} 48] 0} 48] 0) 31) 17] 10) 2) O|S. 42 50 W.|.11] ......... 11 f
to 110° E. :
45. | |
Long. ian | Spring OO fest Ce HC | eG ete tel] et Tee 21) TOM MO| NSS 290 20 Wi=\1-361|cceesnse 11 §
to 152° E.
46. | | }
Long. iso | Winter 5} 10] 10} 0} 0] 0} 10} ©] 0} 0} 28) 21) 34; 0] 10) 0] O|S. 84 1 W.) .49 10 |
| B.to1so°. Wise bal

634 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. ’
(Nos. 1 to 12.) Antarctic Ocean.
Observed for an aggregate period of 505 days, as described in the following table and notes
appended :-—

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE == Monsoon

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. Ee influences, :
=". a
oe b>
a a
| | Al + 2s ES,
Place of Time of the = . | : : 2 = = |e/.5] Direction of | w Ss
observation. year. | A a Ai) -|/= i | .|*lo| resultant. of Direction. &
=H PCS ey pea Pec Pale) fe oy fae fe lalelaielelss ca . 2
B/A/R Al al alala| ola EA) er ales Zo $ a

: Es ollie}. s] S «| -l/2e =
2/2\2/8)8| ala] a) ala) al E/E Ez) alo me ae

dy Lats 60° to 65°18. a

1 ‘i | | ) 9 Oey ’
Jonge 150° to 1752 Ww. | Winter | 3) 0| 1/ 1) O| o| 0 0) 0) o| 1) | 3 4 O| O| O |N. 31°36! W.|.44 | seasesene
2. Lat. 62° to 65° S., [peel pet , ealealeal
Jong. 133° to ace wy Minter 0} 0) 01 0 2) 0] 0 6) 1) 0} 0 0 1 0 0] 0) 0 |S. 45 0) |.71 |. .eneeeee
3. Lat. 60° to 64° S., Neen | scat ieee J . :
Ian e4e'to 117° Ww. }| Winter? | 4! 0| 0] 0) | 0} O| 0) 3| of 0! 0) 5] 0) Of 0) 3 JN. 78 41 W.).34 | nn Ss
Spring? | 2| 1| 2/11) 0 0} 0} | o} | 2/ 6] 4/18) 3/22] o |N. 38 24 W.|.59 |S. 663°W.| 11
Me teh a aE Summer? | 2) 1| 0| 5| 0 0) 0| 0} 0} 0} 0} O| Oj 0} Oj O| 1 |N. 38 47 E. |.82 | N. 80 E.
aeons Autumn? | 3| 0| 0| 0} 2 0| 0| 0! O| oO 3] 4) 2]14) 8] 8| 0 |N. 56 35 W.|.75 |S. 75 W.
RIB 8S oe : Winter? | 2| 2| 0] 0| 3 0} 0} O O} O} 1] oj 9/14)11/12) 1 |N. 48 3 W.|.76 | N. 892 W.
The year? |...|...)..-]---|-2. «+ Jess Jove] ees]oce fone [one [one velo] --|N. 27 31 W.|.57 ied
Di Bat 6D" too EiBer Winter? |10| 4|19] 4|27 2/12] 8.15|10|17| 0| 4) 6| 6 1| 6 |s. 33 19 B. |.193

long. 5° to 50° W.
6. Lat. 60° to 65° 5.,
long. 11° to 14° W.

f

|

1

|

l

}

\| iS. 11 3 W.|.86
7. Lat. 60° to 61° S., \

i

}|

|

4
Spring (00 0/0000100100000
0

long. 12° to 14° E. Wastiors Caine

8. Lat. 60° to 65° S.,

S. 22 30 E, |.92 soo ccslene
rs)

long. 28° to 47° E. Winter! 1} 0} 0 0| 1 0) 0} 0 4) 0} 0} 0) 1) 0) 1) 0 3» WS eWel-30 4) eeseeeees
BAO 10a
9. Lat. 60° to 61° S., Springé

long. 107° to 118° E.

0] 1] 0] 1 0} O} 0} O} Of O| O} 2} OF O} O} O IN. 22 30 W.|.153] ......
} 2
10. Lat. 60° to 65° S., Li

0
Winter’ 0} 0)
0

long. 95° to 115° BE 0} 048 1/22/40)59)22)13/15/41 23\24 0| 4 9 53 i. 393 acsentee

g. 95° to | : fal hall W

ue ae BD ie ace \ winters | 0 0] 0} 0.33201914/15| 0) 1) 5 2 5 4\ 01 2 |S. 49 49 B. (261 | sccccoeee
arr, a cl | | |

12. ee Maer \ Winter? 10) 0; 0/10 201030, 0} 0) 0/29} preetle2 36] 0 (IN. 72) 17 WV.|-33: || ae
i 5 | | Kay | |

1 Computed from observations made by Captain Cook, in the winter of 1773-4.

2 Computed from observations collected and classified at the United States Naval Observatory, under direction of
M. F. Maury.

3 Computed from observations made by Sir James Ross, in the winter and spring of 1842-3.

4 Computed from observations made by Captain Cook, in the year 1773. ,
f 5 Computed from observations made by Captain Cook, for 5 days, in 1773, together with those made hourly, under the direction

of Commodore Wilkes, for 8 days, in February, 1840. 1

6 Computed from hourly observations made under the direction of Commodore Wilkes, for 5 days, in February, 1540. 7

7 Computed from observations made by Sir James Ross, for 12 days, in 1842 or 1843, combined with those made hourly by Com- | }
modore Wilkes, for 6 days, in 1839 or 1840. : T

ZONE No. 32.
LatitupE 65° to 70° Sout.
The material for this zone is derived from the observations of the Antarctic ex-

plorers, Cook, James Ross and Wilkes, for an aggregate period of 104 days,

(Nos. 1 to 6.) Antarctic Ocean.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE
DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS.

Direction of
resultant.

Place of Time of
observation, the year,

to sum of winds,

Ratio of resultant

Number of days.

A
Z
A
. Lat. 65° to 70° S., long. 135° to 150? W. | Winter! 0
1
0
7
5

. 15° 6/ B27?

72 4B? i

| . 5747 E22? | . fA

conse fas ne ain ne] 2° [enn] oae| coe cues Leon | Se BT

25 69 89 26 68/24/63 43,54 . 545 BP

613 7 413) 212) 9) 9 2/8. 5 Ske
i \

. Lat. 65 to 70 $., long. 100 to110 W.| Winter!
. Lat. 65 to 70 S.,long. 8 to 20 W. | Spring?
. Lat. 67 15/ S., long. 39 35/ KE. Winter |...|... cat
. Lat. 65 to 67 S.,long.105 to160 E. | Winter?
3. Lat. 65 to 70 §.,long.166 to176 E. | Winter®

©o° | Calm or var.

> Ww | East.

|

Computed from observations made by Captain Cook, in the year 1770.

Computed from observations made by Sir James Ross, in the year 1842.

Captain Cook was at this point January 17th, 1773, and found the wind E. §. E. J .
‘ eee from observations made under the direction of Commodore Wilkes, along the coast of the Antarctic Continent, in the

year :

6 Computed from observations made by Sir James Ross, in the winter of 1842-3.

3

=

SERIES B. ZONES 33 TO 386. LAT. 70° TO 90° S. 635

ZONE No. $3.
LatitupE 70° To 75° SoutH.

The material for the study of the winds of this zone is derived from the obser-
vations of the Antarctic explorers, Captain Cook and Sir James Ross, for an ag-
gregate period of 41 days.

(No. 1.) Antarctic Ocean, longitude 106° to 108° west.
Computed from observations made by Captain Cook, for two days, in the winter of 1773-4, as
follows :—
North 1, Hast 1.
Direction of resultant N. 45° E.???
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .71.

(No. 2.) Antarctic Ocean, longitude 15° to 18° west.
Computed from observations made by Sir James Ross, for four days, in the’spring of 1841, ag
follows :-—
N. E. 3, East 1.
Direction of resultant N. 55° 48’ H.???
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .94.

(No. 3.) Antarctie Ocean, longitude 166° to 176° east.
Computed from observations made by Sir James Ross, for 35 days, in the winter of 1840-41, as
follows :—
North 3, N. H. 4, EH. N. HE. 2, Hast 9, HE. 8. HE. 4, 8. H.14, 8.8. H. 4, South 4, 8.8. W. 1, 8S. W. 4,
iW. S. W. 6, West 4, W. N. W. 2, N. W. 2, N.N. W. 1; calm 4
Direction of resultant S. 38° 42’ H.?
Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .29.

ZONK No. 34.
LATITUDE 75° To 80° SoutaH.

Sir James Ross appears to be the only explorer who ever penetrated this zone, and the material
for the study of its winds is therefore confined to his observations, which were made for a period
of 34 days, in the winter of 1840-1, between the meridians of longitude 166° and 168° east from
Greenwich, as follows :— ;

North 2, N. N. E. 6, N. E. 9, B. N. E. 2, Hast 13, B.S. E. 4, S. EB. 6,8. 8. BE. 4, South 3,
S. S. W. 2, S. W. 6, W. S. W. 2, West 1, N. W. 63 calm 2.

Direction of resultant N. 88° 41’ HB.

Ratio of resultant to sum of winds .31.

ZONES Nos. 35 and 36.
LAtitupDE 80° to 90° Sout.

These zones have never been visited by man, and the character of the winds that blow over them
is very much a- matter of conjecture. From the analogy of the northern hemisphere, as well as
from theory, we may suppose that they blow from some southerly point, and become more easterly
as they advance. And this view is confirmed by the fact shown above that every computed resultant
south of latitude 65° is easterly.

ADDENDUM.

Zone 7.—(No. 9(a).) Alaska.*

Island of Saint Paul, Aleutian Islands, lat. 57° 2’ N. and long. 170° W. Observed by C. P. Fish,
six times a day, from August 18, 1872, to May 31, 1873, and contained in the Annual Report of
the Chief Signal Officer, U.S. A., for 1873,

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS FROM THE 2s Monsoon

DIFFERENT POINTS OF THE COMPASS. 3) influences. :
; = fa ES
A a se oF Fe 3
Kind of | Time of the ga $2 S2 28 | oy Dinentom or el eet 3
EON year. : Be au és Bui a eS resultant. bab irection. 8
= \88| 2 las| S les) BES |es 23 E| 3
1% |22| & |a2| wm (oe| BE laz|s ee a | &

(, Spring , 229 45| 68) 39 | 27 | 58 | 32 | 71 3 \N. 4°35/E. |.42 co FaS oe

Surface | | Summer a GH PAN ye) Pty | PAL by) sah ons 7a 249 Quvoloaiese | canon ane

aml 4 Autumn 121) 57| 40) 68 | 84 | 55 | 40] 71] 10 IN. 1 O W.).073| ...... ah

* | | Winter 118] 77| 155) 44 | 35 | 53 | 22 | 15 | 21 IN. 65 1 E. |.35 wasiave .
LEE YE eS ees wero mca Nf sccs allccon |i cco !eee Toco fl caoe PNG) A PEL TE Vetere S|) r= csocee

(| Spring 149} 17; 13) 12 | 10 | 21 | 25 | 70 | 74 |N.17 30 W.|.474/ N. 6° E. | 24

Motion | | Szmmer Cy Ute Acie Gy CU IING Th ty Mib2th Nish Bite Ayyoll alll

efaloads {| Autumn 91) 26 8] 17 | 40 | 47 | 50 | 50 | 27 |N. 53 26 W.|.28 |S. 49 W.| .08

* || Winter 71| 26) 65| 5 | 33 ) 52 | 20 | 62°) 45 JN. 22) 52° W-1.0G |S2 6b) Heeb

[| EEhekyeart | c-5 Ilse all cece | cceey | iecesn | tcnepelll tescdl| resist ewenn|] eges el Ome Vee |e 7a erste ato

(| Spring 378] 62} 81] 51 | 37 | 59 | 57 |141 | 76 IN. 5 16 W.|.438|N. 6 HE. | .25
Two Summer 27 5 ih) 6 | 28 | 24 | 10 5 |N. 77 18 W.|.32 |S. 27 W.) .27 13
preceding Autumn 212) 83] 48] 85 |124 |102 | 90 |121 | 37 |N. 88 58 W.|.14 |S. 16 W.| .08| 9
combined. Winter 189] 103} 220} 49 | 68 |105 | 42 | 77 | 66 |N. 48 22 E. |.23 |S. 81 E. | .24! 90
AS er mal os WP ccco [icon | ss |] a5 | ces |f cen |) con [Pon NTS) SE AVS) cen sn w- | 286

= — ——|

' Computed from the resultants for the seasons.

* This addendum to page 111 was obtained too late for insertion in its proper place.

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

SERIES €. VELOCITY TABLES AND DEFLECTING FORCES.

VELOCITY TABLES.

TuEsE tables, and the accompanying Plates 13 and 25, are designed to elucidate
the last of the series of questions proposed at the outset of this discussion, and to
show the effect of combining the element of force or velocity, with that of time,
in computing the mean direction of the wind. The question itself is a highly
important one, for since the real point that we wish to arrive at is the mean
direction and amount of the actual motion, or transfer, of the air that passes over
any given place, it is obvious that if there is a difference in the velocity of winds
from the different points of the compass, or over different sections of country, such
as to materially affect the results that would be obtained if it were always and
everywhere the same, all the computations in the foregoing pages must require
correction, if they be not rendered in great measure worthless; for (where not
expressly stated to the contrary) they were all made on the assumption that the
velocity was uniform; or, which is the same thing, without any reference to the
velocity. And, not.only so, but nearly all the observations that have ever been

taken, both by land and sea, must be thrown aside (for in very few of them has

the velocity of the wind been attempted to be recorded), and the whole work of
observation must be commenced anew.

This question can be determined only by observation and experiment. We can
know nothing about it @ priori. Difference of velocity may produce a very great
effect. upon the mean direction, or very little, or none all. The solution of this
question must therefore be viewed as vital to the search for the laws of atmospheric
circulation.

The accompanying tables, collected from Series B of this work, are designed to
give a synoptical view of the elements on which a determination may be based, as
derived from observations taken mainly in the United States by the observers that
reported to the Smithsonian Institution, in the years 1854, 1855, 1856 and 1857.
The laborious work required to obtain the results here presented, was performed,
under the direction of the author, by his brother, Robert A. Coffin, A.M., of
Conway, Massachusetts, and other assistants, the cost being aes by the

( 637 )

638 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Smithsonian Institution! Few of the observers possessing anemometers, the
velocities were usually estimated in force numbers, which were reduced to miles
per hour on the following scale :—

1. Very light breeze . 2 miles per hout
2. Gentle breeze ; : : ; : 5 5 TMG A © ko
3. Fresh breeze . ; F B : : Dae ore) Pee a
4, Strong wind . 2 ¢ , é i A Ont oe ele
5. High wind. ; & = ; ¥ Nala oe fie te
6. (Galena . . . fs S : 4 yb, a cree
7. Strong gale . : : : : A : VA) Be we ee
8. Violent gale . : : : : : 2 Seni tae Sith Lh
9. Hurricane , , . 2 : i Gi a ae ce
10. Most violent hurricane . ; : 3 ; F Pian) © we -&

1 [From a monograph found among my father’s unpublished writings, I extract the following
statement in reference to these Velocity Tables, which were then incomplete, being in course of
computation. —SELDEN J. Currin. |

“Tn the Winds of the Northern Hemisphere, 1853, this question was discussed, so far as the
comparatively meagre data then at my command allowed, and the conclusion arrived at was, that, as
a general thing, this difference of velocity, while it increases the magnitude of the resultant, does not
appreciably affect its direction. The data on this continent from which I reached the above con-
clusion, consisted of observations taken at 103 different places, for an aggregate period of 397 months,
or about 33 years, more than half of them being from Hastern and Middle States, and only an aggre-
gate of about two years from States and Territories west of Ohio.

“In 1857, the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution ordered a thorough and exhaustive diseus-
sion of the subject, based on the observations reported to the Institution for the years 1854—7, from
418 different places on this continent, for an aggregate period of 8589 months, or over 700 years, in
which each observer noted the direction of the wind, usually three times a day, and affixed to each
record a number from 0 to 10 to represent the velocity, according to the scale given above, based on
the experiments of Rouse and Smeaton.

“The method of discussion was, first to group the places of observation into districts of moderate
geographical extent, then to compute, for each district, the mean velocity of the winds, as estimated
by the observers, both the lower current and that indicated by the motion of the clouds, for each of
the eight principal points of the compass, for each season of the year, and for the whole year,
counting all winds between the N. and E. points as northeast, those between S. and E. as southeast,
ete., and finally to compute the resultant motion of each of the two currents, over each district, for
each season of the year and the whole year, first from the actual motion estimated as above, and then,
for the purpose of comparison, on the supposition that the winds from all directions moved with the
same mean velocity. To carry out this plan required great labor, inasmuch as beside classifying
the winds according to the points of the compass from which they came, the record of the estimated
velocity at each separate observation, amounting in the aggregate to over three-fourths of a million,
had to be translated into linear distance, or miles per hour. An aggregate of over 5 years of work-
ing time has been spent upon it. The work of classification was performed chiefly by ladies ; that
of translating into miles, which required only care and accuracy in applying the scale and summing
up the results, by men competent for such work; while the trigonometrical resultants were mostly
computed by Robert A. Coffin.

“The results corroborate the views advanced in The Winds of the Northern Hemisphere in regard
to the magnitude of the resultants, but not in regard to their direction, both of which facts will
appear from the following general statements, in which it will be seen that the effect of difference in
velocity is to throw the resultant northerly far more frequently than southerly, and at a much greater
angle; that it increases its magnitude far more frequently than it diminishes it, and by a greater
amount.

“In 10 districts north of the 45th parallel of latitude it is thrown northerly ; in 9 at an average

SERIES ©. VELOCITY TABLES. 639

Column I contains the name of the place of observation, to which is prefixed
the zone and serial number, by reference to which on the preceding pages the
reader can find the average velocity of the wind from each point of the compass
for each of the seasons. See, for example, Red River Settlement; near the foot
of page 148 we find, “ Mean velocity in miles per hour, Spring, North 5.32, N. E.
2.71,” ete. The places. are also grouped—not as by the author, in strict sequence
of latitude and longitude—but to conform as nearly as practicable to the divisions
of the United States made in the “ Discussion and Analysis of Winds.”

Column II was computed as in all the tables of Series B, by having regard only
to-the number of observations, without any reference to velocity.

angle of 17° 32°; and southerly in one at an angle of 8° 38’, making the average of the whole
northerly by 15° 13’; while it increases the magnitude of the resultant in 5 of the districts by an
average of 50 per cent., and diminishes it in 5 by an average of 15 per cent., making for the whole
an average increase of 18 per cent.

“Tn 44 districts between the 40th and 45th parallels (exclusive of Great Salt Lake City where the
results are too anomalous to be incorporated with the others), the resultant is thrown northerly in
36 at an average angle of 15° 49’, and southerly in 8 at an average angle of 4° 31’, making the
average for the whole northerly by 12° 8’. The influence on the direction seems generally to be
much greater in the western than in the eastern States of this belt, and this accounts for my failure
+o detect it when I prepared my former publication. The magnitude of the resultant is increased in
36 by an average of 29 per cent., and diminished in 8 by an average of 14 per cent., making for the
whole an average increase of 21 per cent. In 20 districts between the parallels of 364° and 40° the
resultant is thrown northerly in 17 at an average angle of 16° 36’, and southerly in 3 at an average
angle of 4° 11’, making the average for the whole northerly by 13° 29’, while its magnitude is
increased in 19 districts by an average of 43 per cent., and diminished in but one, and that only by
11 per cent., making for the whole an average increase of 36 per cent.

“The near coincidence of the results in these three belts authorizes us to combine them, and we
thus find that the mean influence from the parallel of 50° down to that of 364° is to render the
resultant more northerly by about 13°, and to increase its magnitude about 25 per cent. This dif-
ference is not great, but may affect the general principle.

“Through the States of Tennessee and North Carolina, from latitude 35° to 365°, the resultant is
thrown northerly in 4 districts at an average angle of 18° 5’, and southerly in one at an angle of
33° 57’, the average for the whole being 7° 41’ northerly. Most of the observations in the latter
district were taken at Knoxville, Tenn., where there may be some local cause that renders the south
and southwest winds so much stronger than those from the north and northwest. In each of the 5
districts the magnitude of the resultant is increased, the average increase for the whole being 40
per cent. Notice the accumulating increase of the magnitude of the resultants as we pass southerly
through the 4 belts above described, viz., 18, 21, 36 and 40.

“The results in the next belt extending from latitude 30° to 35° seem perfectly chaotic. In 7 out
of 16 districts the resultants are thrown northerly at angles ranging from 1° to 126°, and in 9
southerly with nearly as wide a range, the average for the whole being 3° 23’ northerly. The mag-
nitude of the resultants is increased in 7 districts and diminished in 9, the average being an increase
of 24 per cent. It is within this belt that the system of westerly winds breaks up and is replaced,
as we go south, by the trade wind system, and the slight degree of prevalence of the wind in any
direction allows it to be controlled very much by local influences.

“ Still further south out of 6 districts represented, at 5 the resultant is thrown northerly at an
average angle of 17° 48’. The remaining district is represented by the City of Mexico, where the
general results are in some degree anomalous, and make a longer period of observation desirable
In 5 of these districts the magnitude of the resultant is increased by an average of 25 per cent.,
while in one it is diminished by 8 per cent. The average increase for the whole being 193 per cent.”

640 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Column III is the laborious product obtained by computing the resultants from
the number of miles travelled by the winds from each point of the compass for
each season. As, for example, Red River Settlement, page 148, “ Number of
miles, Spring, North, 383, N. E. 38,” etc. It therefore represents time multiplied
by velocity.

The remaining columns IV, V, VI and VII, are taken from the sub-tables. (See,
for instance, foot-note 2 on page 148.) Column IY containing the average ve-
locity of all winds in miles per hour, though derived from the same source as the
“Mean Velocity” for the separate points of the compass, is, of course, not the
arithmetical average of the latter, but was separately computed. The numbers in
column V show the velocity in miles per hour in the mean direction, on the sup-
position that the winds from every point of the compass move with the average
velocity given in column IV. ‘These figures are obtained by multiplying the num-
bers in column IV by the ratios in column II. Column VI exhibits the true
velocity in the mean direction, giving to the winds from the several points of the
compass each their own average velocity. The results are the product of the miles
per hour in column IV multiplied’ by the corresponding ratios in column III.
Column VII represents the excess of the velocities in column VI over those in
column V, as expressed by the use of the plus sign, the minus sign being
employed when the figures in column V are the greater. The “ Mean Resultants”
for the groups of stations in columns II and III were obtained mechanically by
the use of a drafting instrument, and are given to the nearest whole degree, the
fractions of a degree having been excluded after the computations were made.

A DRAFT OF THESE RESULTS is found in Plate 25, where the figures in column IT
are drawn as arrows, flying with the wind, the length of the shaft (without the
barb) being proportioned to the ratios; those in column III are similarly noted,
the barb being omitted, and the greater length of the shaft conforming to the
increase in the ratios over those in column II. The average velocities given in
column IV are found in the vertical series in the middle of the plate, a scale of
miles being attached at the left. ‘The vertical series at the extreme right-hand of
the plate contains delineations of the results in the remaining columns; column V
being shown in a dotted line, column VI in a continuous line; and the intervening
space, which is in most cases filled with the sign +, representing column VII. In
the individual stations at the lower part of the page, the velocities were, in some
cases, so great as to need changes in the scale employed, which is, therefore,
recorded in the margin.

An inspection of the tables and plate shows clearly that, as a general thing, the
difference in the velocity of the winds from different points of the compass affects the
resultant but slightly either in direction or amount. In the United States, north
of 32° N. latitude, the resultant had by noting the actual velocities (7. e., the dotted
arrow) is found inclined more to the right hand, that is, it represents a direction
more northerly than the unbroken arrow that represents the effect when the velocity
is disregarded. ‘The annual resultants in the former case averaging 8, 89°+ W.
with a ratio of .261, and in the latter 8. 80°+ W. .227. The divergence of these

SERIES C. VELOQITY TABLES. 641

two classes of annual resultants is therefore about nine degrees (8° 48 by one mode
of reckoning and 9° 38 by another), the divergence being greatest in winter. Jn
passing into the adjacent geographical zones, it is significant that, within the limits
of the Polar and Equatorial systems of winds, the places represented on the chart
with hike uniformity exhibit divergence, but in the contrary direction, 7. e., the
dotted arrow for velocity, is at the left hand of the continuous arrow for time.
The average velocity of all winds in the United States differs little from 7 miles
an hour,’ being slightly in excess in the northeastern part of the Union, and less
in the States nearer the centre of the continent. The anemometer gives greater
figures than those obtained by estimation. ‘The velocity in the mean direction on
the hypothesis that the winds from every point of the compass move with an
average velocity (given in column IV) is 1.7 miles per hour. But the true velocity

in the mean direction, when each wind is allowed its own separate velocity, is nearly
2.9 miles per hour.

* In the ‘‘ Winds of the Northern Hemisphere” the average hourly velocity of all winds was given
as 5.8 miles; and the mean resultant obtained from the actual distances was stated to be 8. 87° 44’ W
1.74 miles per hour; and that obtained by disregarding velocity S. 85° 59’ W. 1.53 miles per hour.

81 July, 1875.

642 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

II. DrrEcTION AND PERCENT-
DERIVED FROM No, or

I, PLACE oF OBSERVATION.

Serial
number,

Spring. Summer. Autumn.

|
- Red River Settlement, lat. 50°, long. 97°....... || S. Wien S. 81°W.). S. 58°W.

Pacific Coast.

- Astoria, Oregon (north of lat. 45°)...
2. San Francisco, etc., Cal., lat. 38° to 39°.
. San Diego, 8. W. Cal., lat. 33°..
MEan RESULTANT sss. sev see- epogoo Sor

Salt Lake City, Utah, lat. 41°...........0.sssesee

Worthern Lake Region.

- St. Joseph, Northwestern Minnesota............-
. Hazlewood, Western Minnesota.......... coon Needs
. Princeton, Central Minnesota......... ..- || N. 36 W.
St. Anthony, Eastern Minnesota .. 5. 43 W.
Lake Winnibigoshish, N. and N. E. Minnesota 8. 13 E.
. Bay City and Superior, Northwestern Wis.. N. 35 E.
- Northern Michigan, west of long. 87° : N. 23 E.
St. James, Northern Mich., east of long. "87°... || S. 71 W.
E Southeast’n Minnesota and West’n Wisconsin S. 19 BE.
t, astern! Wasconsinec..i-5 os teess semaciescereee estrone till SES OMNV Gs
. Southeastern Wisconsin ..... .. || S. 84 W.
MEAN RESULTANT......00...0005 ... || N.56 W.

a
SCoospw wow ew ew
meee ee
A nnmnm

a
44: 44344

winmn min

Canada and Nova Scotia.

- Montreal and St. Martin’s, Canada East
. Stanbridge, Canada East.. Sebeéoo-00c0
- Wolfville, Northern Nova Scotia .. See
. Albion Mines, Northern Nova Scotia...
Windsor, Southern Nova Scotia.. ae
Mean RESULTANT... 00+. nenenauinastenaeee

Lara
who

hia Tne
Sa:

© om wm ~1 ho ~7
4444=4
DA, Mmm
shits

Oras

New England States.

ES
4454

Monson) Mainelccscccmecenienceacesseentcesieenetteetere
- Northern Vermont...

- Southern Vermont........

. Western Massachusetts .

Connecticut...

Mt. Washington, Northern New Hampshire ..
Northern New Hampshire...

. Southern New Hampshire ...

. Rhode Island.. eects

. Northeastern Massachusetts...

- Southeastern Massachusetts

. Cape Cod and adjacent Islands..

. Southwestern Maine .............008

. Carmel, Maine .

: Southeastern Maines: Acad

Mean RESULTANT...

SONAR Oh
Be pues nono ox
BOWwWawoPe 10
444455

ce
4445

oo
oO

44235545544555
a

OTISEROHSCAGH
S454 4854555
ARNNNNhRM
Draanwanads%)

Swoauasown

©
fo}
=

ZAAAbammAay
SIDMAMMDGSADSH

Region of the Missouri.

. Bellevue and Omaha, Southeastern Nebraska
. Sioux City, Northwestern Iowa..............ss.00
- Border Plains, Northern Iowa.......
. Northeastern Iowa.............000+0
. Southeastern Iowa.. spores
. Eastern, Central, Northeast’n and “East’n Kan.
St. Joseph, Western Missouri......... acer
8. St. Louis, Eastern Missouri.....
9. Cape Girardeau, Southeastern Missouri. acaceD sas
MEAN RESULTANT. ..0<c50cc0 0-+ sscies ave -sueee

=
Ooo tw ewhik
Rian

7

a8

Wo bo bo vw
LD nth wn tA

EE EGEEEEEE
ie
c=

To wn Tn tn th th th tn

a

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mop)
ns
4

—

SERIES C. VELOCITY TABLES. 643

TAGE OF RESULTANTS | III. DIRECTION AND PERCENTAGE OF RESULTANTS DERIVED FROM NUMBER
OBSERVATIONS, | or Mines TRAVELLED.
Winter. The year. | Spring. Summer. Antumn, Winter. The year.
1) S. 63°W.| .26 | S. es°w.| -28 || S. 50°W.| .21 | N. 85°W.| .21 | S. 65°W.] .22'] S. 72°W.| .17 |S. 70°W.| .
|
1) N. 80 E. | .24/S. 71 W.| .16 || S. 58 W.| .388 | N. 60 W.| .85| S. 22 W.| 46/5. 8. | .38| 8. 62 W.
2) N. 14 W. 31S. 62 W.| 17 || 5. 45 W.) .33 |S. 45 W.} .43 | N. 85 W.| .12| N. 20 W.| .09 | S. 58 W.}
3] 5S. 49 B. | .01 |S. 48 W.) .13 || N. 89 W.! .43 | N. 73 W.| .51) N. 59 W.| .62]S. 76 W.| .33 | N. 78 W.|
| N. 58 E. | .09|) S. 61 W.) .15 || S. 67 Ww. .34| N. 80 W.| .52| S. 83 W.| .28| S. 39 W.| .16/ 8S. 79 W
i} |
1\/8. 5 W.| .43 | N. 36 W.! .07 || N. 24 W.) .44] N. 80 EH. | 05/5. 24 W.|.09|S. 3 W.|.76/5S. 28 W
1j:N. 43 W.} .28 sepecoce |} on3 |i} Ne G15 /o(O8) Se C85 Vaal ost Faces secu |eaaoe NG SD Wal|se49 |
2, N. 58 W.| .34 | N. 83 W.! .28 || N. 65 W.| .23 | S. 48 W.| .29| N. 83 W.) .33 N. 53 W.| .47' N. 78 W.!.
3) N. 73 W.| .27 | N. 84 W.! .14 |] N. 34 W.} .29) S. 36 W.| .12| 8S. 74 W.| .23 | N. 62 W.| .23 | N. 71 W.
A escinscices poe soa coo coe N. 73 W.| .28 |S. 18 W.| .18| 8. 75 W.| .49 |
5) N. 73 W.} .11 Bo 008 8. 32 H. 1S een eeeee --- | 8. 30 W.| 18 |S. 45 W.| .12 |
6) N. 82 W.| .38 | N. 44 W. .14 || N. 34 E. | 45 | N. 11 E. | .82| N. 4 W.! .30| N. 43 W.| .43| North.
7 N. 28 W.] .19 | N. 56 W. .12 || N. 36 E. | .29)S. 77 W.| .03 | N. 63 W.| 40/N. 8 W.| .31 WN. 23 W
8| N.-82 W.| .324 |S. 79 W. .24 || S. 41 W.| 14] 5S. 57 W.| .34|) 5S. 84 W.| .15 | N. 73 W.| .19 S. 71 W
Sits GR) Nivel oll la Saesscen IN A 1, |) AMES) cooccocce N. 59 W.| .17 | N. 82 W.| .22
10) S. 86 W.| .39 | S. 83 W.! .29 || N. 79 W.| .15 |S. 72 W.| .27| S. 80 W.| .25|S. 87 W.| .38 S. 85 W.!.
11) 8. 85 W.| .30 |S. 63 W.| .17 || N. 69 W.| .09 | S. 38 W.| .21 |S. 61 W.| .23 | N. 84 W.| .27) S. 76 W.|
N. 76 W.| .26| N. 88 W.! .19|| N. 20 W.| .10| S. 55 W.| .17| N. 88 W.| .23) N. 59 W.| .27, N.'75 W.| .
1) N. 63 W.| .28 | N. 87 W.! .25 || N. 35 W.| .25 | N. 87 W.| .32] N. 77 W.| .28 | N. 71 W.| .40 | N. 68 W.
2)S. 6 W.| .29| South. | .30]|S. 37 W.| -32|S. 26 W.| .27| 5. 345. | .30)S. 18 W.| .35 5. 18 W.
3) N. 76 W.| .44 | N. 87 W.' .32 || N. 78 W.| .25 | S. 53 W.| .30]S. 83 W.| .35] West. | 52) S. 84 W.
4S. 88 W.| .19 SHocee oa Fix (344 NiWioll o@HZ |) ceo scucen cee cacosecd. |! coo. || No GO) Wavll oes
5) N. 87 W.| .37 | N. 84 W. .30 || N. 85 W.| -35| S. 77 W.| -31/]S. 72 W.] .41 |S. 87 W.] .48 8S. 83 W.
N. 66 W.| .27/| 5.74, W. .22)| S.84 W.| .25) S. 64 W.) .30] S. 21 W.| .27| 8. 87 W.| .34] 8. 76 W.
1) N. 47 W.| .42.| N. 61 W.| .19 || N. 57 W.| -26 |S. 34 EB. | .22|S. 9E. | .06 | N. 41 W.| .61) N. 52 W.|
2| 5. 73 W.| .19 |S. 51 W.| .22 || S. 80 W.| -20] S. 35 W.| .40]S. 56 W.| .32 |S. 76 W.| .85 |S. 61 W.
3) 5. 82 W.| .17|S. 60 W.| .18 || N. 86 W.| .10| S. 25 W.} .19 | S. 58 W.| .23 S. 47 W.| -10| 5S. 55 W.
4) N. 56 W.| 32) N. 78 W.| .25 || N. 49 W.| .41 | S. 62 W.| .18| N. 85 W.) .29') N. 52 W. -A8 | N. 68 W.
5| N. 56 W.| .36 | N. 83 W.| .23 || S. 38 W.| -27| S. 42 W.] .18| N. 77 W.| .25 N. 49 W.|,.38 | N. 60 W.
6] N. 85 W.| .63| N. 73 W.| .66 || S. 85 W.| .68] N. 60 W.| .75 | N. 53 W.| .83 | N. 79 W.| .65 | N. 70 W.
7| N. 62 W.| .43 | N. 73 W.| -35 || N. 45 W.! .85 | N. 88 W.| .28] N. 72 W.| .41 | N. 60 W.| .50| N. 63 W.}
8| N. 49 W.| .49 | N. 69 W.| .2 N. 47 W.| -38| S. 78 W.| .26| N. 63 W.| .34 |) N. 45 W.| .53 | N. 56 W.|
9| N. 54 W.| .49 | N. 73 W.| -32|| N. 44 W.| .28|S. 57 W.| .29 | N. 82 W.] .82] N. 53 W.| .52| N. 68 W.
10} N. 59 W.| .47 | N. 73 W.] .33 || N. 37 W.| .34|S. 75 W.| .27| N. 80 W.| .37 | N. 49 W.) .52 | N. 59 W.
11) N. 65 W.| 42) N. 89 W. 2 || N. 55 W.| .30 |S. 59 W.| .39| S. 83 W.! .28 | N..57 W.| .46 | N. 77 W.
12) N. 57 W.| .40 | N. 89 W.| .22 || N. 56 W.| .21| S. 37 W.| .26] N. 57 W.| .25 | N. 44 W.| .47 | N. 59 W.
13) N. 48 W.| .36 | N. 69 W.| .21 || N. 21 W.| .20| S. 37 W.) .19 | N. 66 W.| .19 | N. 30 W.| .39 | N. 50 W.
14| N. 49 W.| .43 | N. 74 W.| .31 || N. 51 W.| -48| S. 82 W.| 39 | N. 64 W./ .36 | N. 40 W.| 53 | N. 57 W.
15) N. 31 W.! .35 | N. 75 W.| .25 || N. 41 W.| .25) S. 71 W.} .39 | N. 62 W.) .22 N. 22 W.| .39 | N. 52 W.}
N.59W., 38] N. 79 W.| .27/|| N. 61 W.| .28] S. 66 W.| .26) N. 76 W.| .29) N. 52 W.| .43) N. 71 W.|
1| West. 20 |S. 75 W.| .14 || N. 75 W.| .42|S. 25 W.| .19 |S. 56 W.| .08 | N. 46 W.| .33 | N. 84 W.| .22
“2/8. 26 WWE SBs || vecee se. coo IW ».coonsecee | ... |S. 54 W.| .32 | N. 55 W.! .44 | N. 81 W.| .32
3] N. 43 W.| .13 |S. 56 W.| .09 || N. 57 W.| 27)S. $48. | .24 8. 52 WwW.) 20 | N. 33 W.| .25 | N. 84 WwW.
A| N. 62 W.| .21/S. 78 W.| .18 || N. 76 W.| 19 |S. 41 W. .27 |S. 87 W.| .26 N. 49 W.| -33 N. 84 W.|
5| N. 76 W.| .39 |S. 61 W.| -29 || N. 81 W] .15|S. 42 W.| .27 |S. 75 W.| .35 | N. 57 W.| .38 | N. 88 W.
6| S. 65 W.| .19 |S. 41 W.| .18 \| WN. 52 W.| .26 |S. 10 W.| .49 | N. 87 W.| .22] N. 70 W.| .29| S. 75 W.
71S. 78 W.| .211S. 33 W.| .14||S. 66 W.| .22|S. 9 W.| 28) N. 79 W.| .16 | N. 84 W.| .30/] S. 61 W.
8S. 82 W.| .36|S. 84 W.| .28 || N. §5 W.| .46| N. 81 W.| .40 | N. 86 W.| .46 | N. 89 W.| .41| N. 86 W.
9} S. 53 W.| .05 |S. 61 W.| .09 || N. G6 W.| .35 |S. 56 W.| .20| 5. 68 W.| .11 | N. 66 W.} .09 | S. 68 W.
S. 83 W.| .20| S. 64 W.| .17 || N. 75 W.| .28) S. 87 W. 25 West. | ea N. 73 W.| .29) 8. 87 W.

644 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

| (& | Il, Direction AND PERCENT-
5 ate DERIVED FROM No. oF
é| 22 E
5 aay I, PLACE OF OBSERVATION, * aebe
N nD | 4 Spring. Summer, | Autumn.
|
| South of the Great Lakes.
10 | 101 1. Western Illinois, lat. 40° to 41°.. S. 54°W.| .11 | S. 34°W.| .23 | S. 58°W.} .24
10 | 106 2. Northeastern Illinois. . : wees || S. 72 W.! .21 | S. 37 W.| .28) S. 47 W.) 33
10 | 108 3. West Urbana, Eastern “‘Inlinois, lat: 40° t to 0 41° | N. 81 E. | .07 |S. 53 W.] .15 | S. 62 W.| .21
10 | 110 4. Northwestern’ Indiana....... cdesuueloscede: I) Ne 02 WWWell wig 1]! $9- Waldo Weil oOu lh eten alte Him etl ey
10 | 113 5. Kendallville, Northeastern Indiana. | S. 53 W.| .17)} S. 60 W.| .46 |S. 39 W.| .41
10 | 115 |) 6. Southwestern Michigan . | West. 20/8. 70 W.| .25) S. 67 W.| -22
10 | 117 7. Grand Traverse, Michigan... ate eeneeyeos |feccn isis (Ss Vi/s)) =255)
10 | 12: 8. Southeastern Michigan... N. 6 W.| 15/8. 81 W.|.24/S. 81 W.| .28
10 | 124 || 9. Northwestern Ohio.... S. 72 W.| .32| S. 49 W.] .31/] 8. 55 W.) .25
10 | 128 10. Northeastern Ohio.... Ie 89 W.| .30 |S. 78 W.| .33 |S. 64 W.| .25
MEAN RESULTANT...00 000 see essececceeeeeceees || Se 85 W.| 16) 8S. GO W.| .27| S. 56 W.| .27
|
Illinois, Indiana and Ohio, south of lat, 40°.
11 90 | 1. Southwestern Illinois . i S. 84 W.| .17|S. 60 W.| .31 | S. 60 W.} .25
11 92 || 2. West Salem, Saynhensiiera Tybee: N. 62 W.| .15 | 5. 16 W.| .18 | 8. 37 W.) .24
11 98 3. Southwestern Indiana .. N. 70 W.| .31 | S. 69 W.| .40 |S. 56 W.! .30
11 | 100 4. Southeastern impli aneeee 8S. 84 W.| .19 |S. 78 W.| .19 |S. 77 W.) 16
11 | 108 5. Southwestern Ohio ........... | N. 85 W.| .22 |S. 75 W.| .32 |S. 74 W.| .26
11 | 114 6. Southeastern Ohio............ | N. 84 W.] .21 | N. 71 W.| .21.| S. 85 W.| .23
MEAN RESULTANT. ...+s00000eeseeeserecseeeeee || Ne 82 W.| .-20) S. 70 W.| -25) 8S. 64 W.| 28
New York to North Carolina,
west of Appalachian Range.
10 | 137 1. Northwestern Pennsylvania .. .. || S. 79 W.| 33) S. 75 W.| 85 |S. 39 W.| 37
10 | 143 2. W. Pennsylvania and W. Va. oy ‘north ‘of ‘40°. . || S. 87 W.| .21 | S. 80 W.} .35 |S. 79 W.| .28
10 | 159 3. Western New York .. oy ... || S. 71 W.| .19 |S. 72 W.} .42) 8. 59 W.) .32
11 | 116 4, Northwestern Virginia, ‘south of 40°. |S. 75 W.) .28]S. 24 W.] .17|S. 33 W.] 208
11 } 118 5. Central Virginia... || N. 87 W.| .46 | 5. 79 W.} .30 |S. 82 W.} .33
11 | 123 6. Chapel Hill, Middle North Carolina... N. 81 W.| .20| West. 34 | N. 63 W.) .36
Mean REsuurayt.. sis S. 86 W.| .31| 5. 75 W.| .31| 8. 74 W.| .26
Middle States, east of the Appalachian Range.
10 | 166 1. Central Pennsylvania.........ccese-eeseeeeee-ee-eeee- || N. 76 W.| .38 | S. 83 W.] .33 | S. 87 W.| .40
10 | 186 2. Central New York.. || S. 85 W.| .34|S. 72 W.| .39 | S. 66 W.| .36
10 | 189 3. Berwick, Northeastern Pennsylvania || S..80 W.| .17|S. 9 E. | .07 [S. 87 W.) 39
10 | 195 4. Eastern Pennsylvania... || N. 78 W.| .29 | S. 67 W.| .29 | N. 85 W.| .29
10 | 208 5. Northeastern New York. ok || S. 79 W.| .29 |S. 63 W.1 .43!S. 76 W.! .35
10 | 226 | 6. Eastern New York.. N. 82 W.| .26 | S. 65 W.j .82 |S. 76 W.| .29
10 | 242 || 7. Southeastern New York.. isig atte N. 83 W.| .17 | S. 34 W.| .20 | N. 83 W.) .19
10 | 247 8. Northern and Central New Jersey... | N. 81 W.| .25 | S. 69 W.} .2 West. | .29
10 | 272 | 9. Long Island, New York.. hes | N. 76 W.| .21 |S. 34 W.]| .23 | S. 77 W.| -19
11 | 132 10, Southern Pennsylvania & Northern “Maryland | S. 88 W.| .40 |S. 71 W.j .37 |S. 88 W.| .36
11 | 137 =| 11. District of Columbia and Southern Maryland || N. 82 W.| .15 |S. 55 W.| .18 | N. 89 W.| .19
11 | 157 | 12. Delaware, 5S. E. Pennsylvania and 8. N. gersey | N. 64 W.| .27|S. 76 W.| .19 | N. 70 W.| .24
| isan RESULTANT.. Tidseoadaeiaersess N.84W.| .25|S. 64 W.| .26/ S. 86 W.| .29
Kentucky and Tennessee.
11 94 1. Western Tennessee .. S. 55 W.| .24]S. 66 W.| .37)S. 6E. | .06
11 | 103 2. Middle Tennessee .. S. 76 W.| .06|S. 44 W.| .19 |S. 1 W.) .09
11 | 106 3. Northern and Central | Kentueky.. S. 89 W.| .29| S. 80 W.] .29 |S. 64 W.! .25
11 | 111 4, Eastern Tennessee.. é S. 80 W.| .20 |] N. 15 W.} .15 | N. 23 W.! .16
MEAN RESULTANT .... || S. 75 W.| .19| S. '77 W.| .20) 8. 68 W. :07
Atlantic Coast, lat. 31° to 38°.
11 | 125 || 1, Northeastern Virginia ..........-:ccesececeeeeeeeee || 8. 86 W.| -20]S. 44 W.| 17] S. 84 W.| 15
11 | 142 2. Southeastern Vane ee S. 66 W.| .19 |S. 38 W.| .28 | N. 58 W.| .14
11 | 144 3. Eastern North Carolina.. S. 62 W.| .19 |S. 26 W.] .25 | N. 57 W.| .13
12 | 127 4. Georgia, lat. 33° to 34°.. N. 73 W.|.18 |S. 84 W.| .10:| N..33 E. | 24
12 | 137 5. South Carolina, lat. 34° to 35: N. 81 W.! .18| S. 33 W.| .28 | N. 25 | 16

SERIES C. VELOCITY TABLES. 645

AGE OF RESULTANTS | III. Dirucrion AND PERCENTAGE OF RESULTANTS DERIVED FROM NUMBER
OBSERVATIONS. | ow Mites TRAVELLED.
Winter. The year | Spring. | Summer. | Autumn, Winter. The year.
ji
| |
| | | | |
1) S. 80°W.} .18 | S. 56°W.| .18 || S. 83°W.| .22 | S. 54°W.| .82 | S$. 71°W.| .83| S. 79°W.| .271S. 72°W.
2S. 64 W.| .36 |S. 54 W.| .29 || S. 88 W.| .22| S. 49 W.| .36|S. 57 W.| .38]S. 63 W.| .36]S. 62 W.|
3] 8. al W.) .34| 8. 52 W.| .16 || N. 42 E. | .23 |) S. 51 W.| .30) S. 83 W.| .37 |S. 45 W.| .84|S. 82 W.
4) 'S. Gl W.| .29'| S. 71 W.| .16 |) N. 24 W.| .30 | S. 78 W.| .22| N. 82 W.| .21/S. 80 W.| .35| N. 75 W.
5| N. 81 W.| .23'| S. 58 W.| .30'|| N. 80 W.| .31 | S. 71 W.| .49| S. 56 W.| .411N. 66 W.| .35 |S. 83 W.
6| S. 70 W.| .29 |S. 73 W.| .24 || S. 84 W.| .29|S. 75 W.| .35/ 5. 73 W.| .36|S. 77 W.| .38/S. 77 W.
Ti tse) ZA Niele) Ganceaeee nes occoced cconeioce |} coo || flo 8} Vio!) aI) IPSs FRA Wyo) 283
8} 5. 87 W.} .28 | S. 89 W.| .23 || N. 68 W.] .27 | N. 88 W.| .33| S. 87 W.| .37 | N. 86 W.| .36] N. 87 W.
9) S. 66 W.| .35 |S. 61 W.] .30 || S. 76 W.| .31 |S. 59 W.| -39 | S. 54 W.| .32|S. 73 W.| .37|S. 65 W.
10) S. 62 W.| .38) S. 73 W.| .31 |! N. 87 W.) .34]| S. 83 W.) .39 | S. 74 W.| .32)S. 70 W.| .43/S. 79 W.
8. 70 W.) .30)| S. 65 W.| .24|| N. 76 W.| .22) S. 68 W.| .34/ S. 69 W.| .36, 5. '77 W.| .86 S. 79 W.
1) N. 88 W.} .29.| S. 73 W.| .25 || S. 85 W.| .25 |S. 58 W.| .40|S. 70 W.| 34] N. 87 . 29S. 76 W.
2) S. 42 W.| .18|S. 46 W.| .15 || N. 76 W.| .25 | S. 33 W.| .29 |S. 51 W.| .88 |S. 35 W.| .34/S. 55 W.
3| 8S. 54 W.| .21| S. 73 W.| .25 || N. 76 W.| .32| S. 70 W.| -87|S. 62 W.| .38|S. 64 W.| .53/|S. 76 W.| .31]
4| 5. 65 W.| .25 |S. 75 W.| .20 || S. 84 W.| .30] S. 83 W.| .25|S. 90 W.| .21|S. 76 W.| .35 |S. 86 W.| -28 |
5| 5S. 70 W-| .30]S. 77 W.| -27 || N. 87 W.| .87 |S. 78 W.| .41 |S. 78 W.| .34/|S. 78 W.| -46 |S. 82 W.|-
6| 5S. 82 W.| .32| N. 88 W.] .24 || S. 81 W.| .26 | N. 80 W.| .18 | S. 76 W.| .80| S. 86 W.| .45 |S. 85 W.|.-
5. 68 W.| .25| S. 75 W.| .22|| N. 88 W.| .29) S. 69 W.| .30) S. 70 W.| .81 | S. 72 W.| .89, S.'77 W.| -
1] S. 57 W.| .41| S. 62 W.| 35 || S. 85 W.| .47|S. 85 W.| .50/|S. 43 W.| .53 |S. 65 W.| .58|S. 69 W.
2/5. 77 W.| .30)| S. 81 W.| .31 || S. 86 W.| .46| 8. 76 W.| .47]|S. 75 W.| .41 |S. 76 W.| .47|S. 76 W.|
3] 8. 63 W.! .41 |S. 66 W.| .33 || S: 62 W.| 19 |S. 67 W.) 47] S. 62 W.| .37 |S. 63 W.| .52|S. 64 W.
4) S. 60 W.| .21| S. 55 W.|..17 || S. 86 W.| .27 |S. 18 W.| .14| S. 69 W.| .07 |S. 73 W.| .20| S. 68 W.
5) S. 81 W.! .37 |S. 85 W.| .36 || N. 85 W.| .55 |S. 79 W.| .41]S. 88 W.| .49 | N. 87 W.| .51 |S. 89 W.
6) N. 77 W.| .40 | N. 78 W.| .34 || N. 73 W.| .45 | N. 83 W.| .37 | N. 53 W.| .43 | N. 77 W.| .49 | N. 71 W.
S. 74 W.| .34| S. 77 W.| .30|| West 39/8. 77 W.| .38] S. 77 W.| .34|S. 79 W.| .45 S. 80 W.
1| N. 74 W.| .45 | N. 84 W.| .38 || N. 63 W.| .47 |S. 88 W.| .35) N. 72 W.| .42 | N. 55 W.| -64| N. 65 W.
213. 77 W.| .83| S. 75 W.| .35 || N. 89 W.| .41 |S. 71 W.| .41 |S. 69 W.| .40|S. 82 W.| 44) 5S. 79 W.
3| N. 82 W.| .25 |S. 83 W.| .20 || S. 79 W.| .25 |S. 77 W.| .48]S. 80 W.| .40|S. 86 W.| .49)S. 81 W.
4| N. 60 W.| .35 | N. 82 W.| .29 || N. 58 W.| .37 |S. 70 W.} .27 | N. 73 W.| .33 | N. 57 W.| 48 | N. 70 W.
5) S. 89 W.| .26]S. 75 W.| .33 || S. S1 W.| .32|S. 63 W. .49|S. 70 W.| .44)S. 74 W.| 85) 8. 71 W.
6| N. 75 W.} .32| S. 86 W.} .2 N. 78 W.; -21 |S. 58 W.| .39 |S. 69 W.| .20| N. 84 W.| -32]|S. 83 W.
7| N. 60 W.| .33 | N. 87 W.| .19 || N. 63 W.| -14|S. 36 W.| .10 | N. 88 W.| 13] N. 53 W.| -28| N. 74 W.|
8| N. %3 W.| .37 | N. 88 W.| .29 || N. 65 W.) .28 |S. 78 W.) .29 | N. 77 W.} 29 |S. 82 W.| -43 | N. 74 W.|
9) N. 62 W.| .35 | S. 81 W.| .21 || N. 77 W.) .21 |S. 35 W.! .26 | N. 89 W.} .22 | N. 61 W.| -45/ 8S. 83 W.}
10) N. 81 W.| .44| S. SS W.| .44 || N. 79 W.| -48 |S. 66 W.| .39 | N. 83 W.| .40 | N. 73 W.| .54] N. 84 W.)
11| N. 74 W.| .31 | N. 89 W.| .20 || N. 58 W.| .36 | S. 79 W.! -21 | N. 63 W.| -22| N. 53 W.| .50| N. 61 W.|
12) N. 59 W.| .39 | N. 70 W.| .26 || N. 52 W.) .40 |S. 78 W.| .27 | N. 63 W.| .33 | N. 53 W.| .56 | N. 60 W.|
N. 79 W.| .83| S. 89 W.| .28/| N. 73 W.| .88) S. 69 W.| .82) N.88W.| .81) N. 72 W.| .46) N. 83 W.) .34
| S. 32 W.| .21 |S. 51 W.| 21 || S. 28 W.| .35 |S. 76 W.| .83/S. 59 W.] .36|S. 67 W.| .36 |S. 70 W.| .30 H
9| S. 80 W.| .13| S. 50 W.| .11 || S. 73 W.| 18 |S. 51 W.| .22|S. 60 W.| .13 |S. 65 W.| .28)S. 64 W.| .21§
3)S. 74 W.| .39.|S. 77 W.| .30 || S. §3 W.! .36/|S. 78 W.| .26/8. 67 W.! .35 |S. 71 W.| 48) 5. 75 W. -39 |
4) S. 78 W.| .23 | N. 68 W.| .14 || S. 65 W.| .32 | N. 11 W.| .12| N. 38 W.| .14| 8. 58 W.| .27| 5. 78 W.| -
S. 67 W.| .23| S. 72 W.| .18 |S. 61 W.| .28| S. 79 W.) .22) S. 72 W.| .22 S. 66 W.) .35) S. 72 W.| .2:7}
1| N. 70 W.| .25 | S: 85 W.| .18 || N. 77 W.| .32| S. 59 W.) .22| N. 80 W.| .23 | N. 60 W.| .38| N. 78 W.|
2| N. 88 W.| .23|S. 73 W.| .18 || S. 76 W.| 21 |S. 33 W.| .32 | N. 10 W.| .16 | N. 89 W.| .34/ S. 81 W.) .204
3| N. 81 W.| .19 |S. 70 W.| .15 || N. 85 W.| .20|S. 32 W.| .16 | N. 22 W.| .15 | N. 66 W.| .23 | N. 77 W. -15 |
4| N. 60 W.| .22| N. 44 W.| .12 || N. 73 W.) .27| N. 51 W.|.10) N. 27 E 28 | N. 62 W.| .26 | N. 42 W.
5| N. 49 W.| .32| N. 77 W.| .17 | N. 69 W.| .24| 8. 49 W.) .25 |) N. 7 W.) .24| N. 55 W.) .38 N. 67 W.) .

646 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Po II. Direction AND PERCENT-
oo er DERIVED FROM No. oF
=
8 & g I, PLacr oF OBSERVATION.
N |] a& Spring. Summer. Autumn.
Atlantic Coast.— Continued.
12 | 140 6. South Carolina, lat. 33° to 34°... 8. 30°W. | .28 | S. 25°W.| .21 | N. 12°W.! .16
12 | 144 7. South Carolina, lat. 32 to 33 .. . || N. 28 W.| .14] 8. 17 W.| .26 | N. 29 E. | .25
MEAN RESULTANT.. 0. eeeeesseeeeeseerserreee || S. 78 W.| .16| 8S. 83 W.| .21}| N. 15 W.) .13 |
Texas.
12 | 61 1. Austin, Central Texas, lat. 30°.. seserveee || 8S. 32 E. | 20) 8S. 32 E. | .44| N. 29 W.} -05
12) V1 2. Texas, lat. 30° to 31°, long. 95° to w.. .... || N. 79 E. | .03 | N. 27 W.) .16| N. 52 EB. | .23
13 15 3. New Braunfels, Texas, lat. 29°.. nox S. 70 E. | .20)8. 48 EB. | 42] N. 56 E. | .24
13 | 13(a)|, 4. San Antonio, Texas, lat. 29° S. 71 E. | .49]S. 50 E. | .83|N. 70 E. | .47
MEAN RESULTANT ....see-+ 8. 64E. | .22| S. 47 E. | .38/ N.59 E. | .23
Gulf States.
12; 86 1. Black River and Trinity, Northeastern La..... || S. 24 E. | .15/S. 32 E. | .26| N. 69 B. | .22
12 | 93 2. Oxford, Mississippi, lat. 34° to 35°.............. || S. 33 W.| .13|S. 4 W.| .31|8. 66 W.) .12
12 | 95 3. Mississippi, lat. 33° to 34° .........0000 : N. 46 W.| .17| N. 82 W.| .11 | N. 49 E. | .09
12] 98 4. Mississippi, lat. 32 to 33 .... S. 38 W.| .31/S. 5 EH. | .42)N. 148. | Jo
12 | 101 5. Mississippi, lat. 31 to 32 . N. 34 E. | .14| S. 30 E. | .31 | N. 12 E. | .26
12 | 110 6. Alabama, lat. 33 to 34 . 8. 83 W.| .17| S. 49 E. | .12 |S. 87 E. | .05
2| 114 ie Alabama, lat. 32) tooo) o- - S. 68 W.| .18| S. 12 W.| .20]58. 42 E. | .10
13 | 30 8. New Orleans, Southeastern Louisiana. S. 73 E. | .20| S. 41 E. | .31] N. 66 E. | .28
MEAN RESULTANT... .s0ceeseecereersereeeeee || 5. 45 W.| .O7| S. 15 HE. | .22) N. 50 E.) .10
Northern Florida.
12 | 120 1. Western Florida, north of lat. 30°......-.....---- || S. 16 W.| .13 |S. 7 W.] .28] N. 61 E. | .24
12 | 133 2. Northeastern Florida.. oe ... || N. 73 W.| .03 | S. 12 E. | .24) N. 21 E. | .28
13 | 41 3. Florida, lat. 29° to 30°. ..- || N. 29 W.| .15 |S. 5 W.] .10'| N. 37 EB. | .48
MEAN RESULTANT.........s.000eeeeeeeeeeeees || N. 83 W.| 05/5. LE, | -21) N. 38 E.| 31
Te ab] 1. Salt Ponds, Florida, lat. 25° N.............-5.0..-. || N. 52 EH. | .34)S. 71 E. | 62) N. 50 E. 256
{
15 6 2. City of Mexico, Mexico, lat. 19° N...........0. || S. 18 E. | .71 | N. 63 E. | .29| N. 16 E. | 48
M7 || 322 3. Catharina Sophia, Guiana.......seeesereeeeees || N. 63 E. | .79 ig. 82 E. | .58| N. 77 E. | .55
24 | 23 4, Assumption, Paraguay <cs--co----sseoccssceccoess soe || Na 09) B | 37 |S. 86 EB. || 250) || \occneee~s mem
i ;
11 |175(a)|| 5. Horta Fayal, Azores ...........0:-ssseeecseecessssoeeee |] N. 64 W.| 10 S. 35 W.| 12) 8. 66 HE. | 16
|
7 | 34(a)|| 6. Sandwick Manse, Orkney Islands................. || S. 34 E. | .14 8. 38 W.| .20/S. 21 W.) .23
3 6 7. Port Foulke, Arctic Ocean...........sscse0e. || N. 51 E. | .33 N. 62 E. | .02 | N. 43 E. | .48
4| 10 8. Port Kennedy, Arctic Ocean .......c..ssesseeeeeee || Ne 10 W | .35 N. 22 W.| .39 | N. 26 W.| .41
Hay | gail 9. St. Marys, Southeastern lowa......:scsccscesesrsss || ceseee eee Fre MPP Pree liste [le reicao ot: a
11 | 96 || 10. Bowling Green, Western Kentucky.....scecsesee || ceceeere oe: asiaccisce |} cco Pere ||
Us}, |) BH} 11. Bombay, India «2... 0.2.00 .20s0ncceeeoeeesrneereesseecse || No 58.W.| .62'| S., 70) We] .8)| N. 25 Welleam

AGE or RESULTANTS

OBSERVATIONS.

SERIES C.

VELOCITY TABLES.

or Mines TRAVELLED.

III. DIRECTION AND PERCENTAGE OF RESULTANTS DERIVED FROM NUMBER

647

Winter. The year. , Spring. Summer, Autumn. Winter. The year,
|

6| S. 70° W.| .27 | S. 55°W.| .16 |] S. 19°W.| .17| S. 5° E. | .31 | N.16°E.| .25 | S. 70°W.| .81| S. 34°W.] .11]
7| N. 36 W.| .33 | N. 31 W.| .10 || N. 13 W.| .17/S. 7E. | .42| N. 32 E.| .26]N. 56 W.| .40] N. 55 W.| .07§

N. 68 W.|.23| West. | .13|| N.81 W.| .19| S. 25 W.| .21| North. | .18| N..70 W.| .81| N. 76 W.| .15}
1| N. 45 W.| .16/S. 27 E. | .11 || S. 328. | .22) S. 25 B. | .55|N. 52 W.| .08 | N. 29 W.| .25|S. 22 B. | 175
2) S. 55 HE. | .03| N. 43 EF. | .09 || S. 11 E. | .24|S. 50 BE. | 22) N. 72 EB. | .20/N. 5 W.|.19|S. 79 BE. | 125
3) N. 8 E. | .25 | N. 88 EB. | .18)| S. 87 EH. | .18 |S. 47 E. | .59 | N. 27 B. | .29|/N. 3B. | .36) N. 76B. | 219
4) N. 30 E. | .44/S. 85 E. | .44]/ N. 84. | .29|S. 47 BE. | .87|N. 26 B.|.58|N. 448, | .61| N. 65 BE. | .38 9

N.13 E. | .19| S. 85 E. | .18|| S. 62 E. | .20| S. 43 E. | .54| N. 31 E. | .28) N. 3 W.| .85) N. 83E. | .18h
1) N. 71 BE. | .16|S. 68 EB. | .15 || N. 5 E. | .10)S. 10. | .10) N. 84H. | .10| N. 75 EB. | .10} N. 80 E. | .06
2) 8. 78 W.| .22| S. 39 W.| .17 || S. 45 W.| .26|S. 13 E. | .32]S. 60 W.| .13|S. 61 W.| .21| 8S. 35 W.| .20f
3| N. 64 E. | .07 | N. 25 W.| .06 || N. 75 W.| .27| S. 75 W.| 11 | N. 25 B. | .04|S. 4 W.|.06] N. 86 W.| .09 §
4/8. 87 W.| .16 |S. 27 W.| .15 || S. 51 W.| .83/S. 24H. | .29]N. 15 E. | .16| N. 83 W.| .26|S. 61 W.| .14
5|N. 6B. | 14] N. 51 E. | .09 || N. 15. | 21/8. 50m, | .18| N. 22 E. | 22) N. 41 w.| 18] N. 16 E. | 10]
6| N. 65 W.| .16 | S. 78 W.| .04 || S. 81 W.] .88|S. 48 E. | .14] N. 36 EB. | 02) N. 57 W.|-.21 |S. 88 W.| .13]
7| N. 86 W.| .11 | S. 35 W.| .10 || N. 85 W.| .17| S. 13 W.| 14] S. 83 E. | .13 | 8. 86 W.| .12 |S. 53 W.| .06}
8) N. 54 EB. | .22)S. 86 E. | .21 || N. 46 B. | 24) S. 65 E. | -30| N. 40 E. | .37/ N. 22 EB. | .39 | N. 47 E. | .28]

N. 31 W.| .05) S. 20 E. | .04|| N. 84W.| .13| S. 22 B. | .16| N. 21 E. | .08| N. 45 W.| .10| N. 85 W.| .03}
1)N. 7B. | .28)S. 87 B. | .04|/S. 19 W.| .17|S. 5 W.] .33|N. 60 E. | .30|N. 2 W-| 22/8. 68 E. | 04)
9) N. 32 W.| .24|)N. 2W.) .06)| N. 85 W.| .06/S. 5 E. | 24] N. 25 EB. | .22| N. 63 W.| .20| N. 19 W.| .05§
3\N. TE. | .25 | N18 E. } .16 || N. 39 W.| .14|S! 21 W.| 14) N. 37 BE. | .53|N. 425. | 30] N. 16 E. | .20

N. 5 W.| .25| N. 22. | .07)| 8. 77 W.| .07| S. 5 W.) .23| N. 41H. | 384) N.15 W.| .21/ N. 19 E. | .O8}
1| N. 40 E. | .46 | N. 65 EB. | .43 || N. 54 EB. | .87|S. 76 E. | .71 | N. 47 E. | .64| N. 30 E. | .49 | N. 59 E. | .475
9/8. 17 W.| .45 1S. 38 EB. |.17/|S. 14B. | .66] N. 78 B. | .32|N. 25 B. | 43/8. 9 w.| .47|/S. 43 EB. | 275
3| N. 69 E. | .69 | N. 75 E. | .64|| N. 56 E. | .86| N. 93 E. | 65 | N. 62 E. | .64| N. 585. | .80| N. 63 E. 73
4 an S. 825, | .88| N. 13 E. | .52
5| S. 80 E. | .13 |S. 38 B. | .05 || S. 75 W.| .16|S. 43 W.| .21|8. 58 E. | .26/S. 78 EB. | 10] 8. 13 E. | .08 |
6| S. 12 W.| .30 |S. 14 W.| .20||S. 35. | .17]S. 62 W.| .22]S. 56 W.| .28| S. 62 W.| .33 |S. 51 W.| .23 §
7| N. 47 E. | .41 | N. 45 EB. | .32 || N. 49 B. | .61| S. 82 W.| .02.| N. 44 B. | 63) N. 41 EB. | .79 | N. 43 E. | 54}
8| N. 39 W.| .67 | N. 25 W.| .46 || N. 30 W.| .55 | N. 31 W.| .60 | N. 29 W.| .52 | N. 44 W.| .83 | N. 35 W.| .62}
G]| I GDS I TUG) Ses panache lh mmcnoeeeacet al beeen (ir acemeesoce il Seen WAmeo entre Ss.

648 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. s

8 TV. AVERAGE VELOCITY OF ALL WINDS

5) ae | |
5 ee I, PLACE OF OBSERVATION, |
N ne || Spring. |Summer | Autumn. | Winter. Year.

| 1
8 15 1. Red River Settlement, lat. 50°, long. 97°....... 5.33 5.23 5.71 3.51 4.94
Pacific Coast.
10 47 1, Salt Lake City, Utah, lat. 41°. peeniez 5.03 5.24 4.85 4.59 4.93

1 ee 2. San Francisco, ete., Cal., lat. 38° to 39°, 4.40 5.42 5.38 4.82 5.00
12 11 || 3. San Diego, S. W. Cal., lat. 33°.. Bee 4.4] 3.76 1.86 2.94 3.24

| MEAN RESULTANT..... 00-02 c00coe eee esecee oes 4.61 | 4.81 | 4.03 4.12 4.39
Northern Lake Region.

9 41 1. Red Lake, Northwestern Minnesota.........scsess }}| «sees | cevece | encees 7.95: |} fmeteen

9| 41 2. St. Joseph, Northwestern Minnesota ... 9.16 US || ee0a 9.04 | <ssses

9 43 3. Hazlewood, Western Minnesota......... aCe 5.17 4.40 4.99 5.33

9} 46 4. Princeton, Central Minnesota.. a 8.14 6.45 7.08 6.65 7.08

9 48 5. St. Anthony, Eastern Minnesota . 9.09 5.12 TOU teenies. |] scores

9 50 6. Lake Winnibigoshish, N. and N. E. ‘Minnesota AEG Sj} eaccene 4.02 bi Oi Steceeas

9] 52 7. Bay City and Superior, Northwestern Wis.. Ey 7.82 7.55 8.07 4.56 7.00

9 56 8. Northern Michigan, west of long. 87°. Bad AUG) <7) 6.06 14,51 16.29 11.91

9| 64 9. St. James, Northern Mich., east of long. “87°... || 13.68 | 14.59 15.11 13.72 14.27
10 | 83} 10. Southeast’n Minnesota and West’n Wisconsin CHO |) ceacds Tedd 4.60 sentes
TO) 9G | Mil ehias torn WaScOnsinetenstesseescctensnce estes reece 10.58 6.98 7.14 7.49
10} 99 |, 12. Southeastern Wisconsin .,.. Ey 7.30 4.55 6.49 6.25 6.15

MEAN RESULTANT...........eeccecereeeeeeeee || 8-70 | 6.96 8.14 7.84 | 8.46
|
Canada and Nova Scotia.

2 66 || 1. Montreal and St. Martin’s, Canada East......... 5.97 Daley 7.28 6.84 6.31

OO is 2Stanbridges Canada: baste.sseeseessereresercrsesters 4.37 4.53 5.83 5.94 4.92
9 83 8. Wolfville, Northern Nova Scotia ..... 10,24 9.65 9.39 12.69 10.49

9 85 4. Albion Mines, Northern Nova Scotia Encco QEOZT |) reeseese Mi uteseines 10:61) |) eee
10 | 316 5. Windsor, Southern Nova Scotia..........-.s. sss eee | 8.14 10.91 6.44 ° 7.01 8.12

MEAN RESULTANT:....ccec-- reese scecceeseere || 2-00), Sl. 7.23 | 8.62 7.46
New England States.

9 | 75 MONSON SLAIN Gk vaecaceeectesseasiectensenciserteaieec@ectens 2.39 4.50 5.25 5.03 4.45
10 | 251 || 2. Northern Vermont.. 7.42 5.78 7.23 3.40 7.21
10 | 255 3. Southern Vermont.. 6.01 3.49 4.70 6.09 5.07
10 | 259 4. Western Massachusetts .. 10.65 6.94 9.00 11.13 9.43
10 | 266 5. Connecticut... re 8.39 5.69 6.70 8.60 7.34
10 | 274 6. Mt. Washington, Northern New y Hampshire .. 33.05 21.37 35.38 43.67 33.37
10 | 276 7. Northern New Hampshire... 20 one 8.16 6.39 6.48 8.91 7.48
10 | 280 8. Southern New Hampshire .. eile 5.57 6.37 7.72 6.86
10 | 288 9. Rhode Island.. seamed 6.54 4.72 3.76 5.12 4.98
10 | 295 10. Northeastern Massachusetts... 6.43 3.99 4.59 6.18 5.30
10 | 299 || 11. Southeastern Massachusetts....... 7.72 5.26 6.25 7.16 6.60
10 | 302 || 12. Cape Cod and adjacent islands coe 15.49 9.12 13.05 16.27 13.48
10 | 308 || 18. Southwestern Maine ........2....400- 7.57 6.95 7.14 7.53 7.30
10 | 3114 | 14. Carmel, Maine ............ 10.96 8.02 9.02 11,31 9.83
10 | 313 15. Southeastern Maine........ 8.87 6.01 7.92 9.36 8.04

MEAN RESULTANT........- 9.81 6.91 8.86 | 10.83 | 9.12

Region of the Missouri.

10 66 1. Bellevue and Omaha, Southeastern Nebraska || 5.97 5.13 7.28 6.84 6.31
10 69 2. Sioux City, Northwestern Towa......s.sseseseer ys On| reese 9.70 6:72) || ieee
10 71 3. St. Mary’s; Southeastern: Towa....cccccccscwsocns ||], nesess |) aenerel 2) 0 levine 7.37) |) Bees
OMe at) 4. Border Plaius, Northern Iowa.... 9.82 6.66 12.31’ | 10.58 9.84
10 88 5. Northeastern Iowa.............-.+- 10.95 7.51 9.05 9.06 9.14
10 90 6. Southeastern Iowa.... 7.56 4,32 5.86 6.49 6.05
11 73 7. Eastern, Central, Northeast’n ‘and East'n Kan, 12.72 4.12 6.28 7.13 7.56
ll 82 8. St. Joseph, Western Missouri.. RrEeODDEOE RTECS 11.24 5.72 5.76 4.30 6.75
ll 86 9. St. Louis, Eastern Missouri. é 19.17 10.85 12.64 7.09 14.59
11 88 10. Cape Girardeau, Southeastern Missouri... 6.20 4.65 5.32 4.81 5.24

MEAN RESULTANT... 9.94 6.12 8.24 7.04 8.18

SERIES C. VELOCITY TABLES. 649

V. VELOCITY IN MEAN DIRECTION BY VI. TRUE VeLocITY IN MEAN VII. Excess or THE TRUE VELOOITY Ff
YPOTHESIS, DIRECTION. OVER THE VELOCITY BY HYPOTHESIS. |}
Spring.) Sum. | Aut. | Wint.| Year. ||Spring.| Sum. | Aut. | Wint.|} Year. ||Spring.| Sum. | Aut. | Wint. | Year. }
fl ee SU feel OO) eels 0 ier 90) Si7)lieeledl Si ele) ele27) G0; en etersen | teaon == 2 | 30) == 38)
i 4
il] BOB | fel | oaks] NS ee I) RPA I GRAB) BNI iy ial) Save] ass) anally LL Gey) IE zt
2|| U2] B82) nO |) BI aie SIAR BABYS = 87h) AGI Tuy |) PG 1) SZ) a) pe) SE
3] .75| .98| .20| .03| 42]! 1.90] 1.92] 1.16) .98] 1.36 |/+-1.15| +-,94 | +.96 | +.95 | +.94}
1.41|134/ .49) .88| .55)|| 186/ 1.51] .75|1.64| .97/4+.46 |+.18 |+.26 | +.76|+.42 |
ill| “agen eee 2.87 Seraoidlh aassaue eneuese GOES arese llteeaaeeen beeeetergal bac eee —.30
yl TS) OA) Soece BLO) ||. coc S18 B25 I ceone0 GHA opec 6A | LOA coocoo |) EF
Besa) meted tee W430 tele 52)1|| 156 | tee) |) 145) |) 2)S3) | 149) 97) 07) 12.02) || 1-262) | 03
4) 1.44 64] 1.16] 1.79] 1.01 |} 2.35 74| 1.68| 1.57) 1.26 || +.91 | +.10 | +.52 | —.22 | +.25
5) U4) PNT BEE) coccca Il cence 2.07 CB || BA I coven |) ceoce ++ 66 |—1.58] —.19
Gi eee 115) | 8) coon EN Soncbe SB) BBN seeec0 ABB I cos ca +.60 | +.06
"| 2.71 60 | 1.86] 1.73] 1.03 || 3.55] 2.39) 2.44] 1.97] 2.30 || +.84 |+1.79] +.58 | +.24 |11.27
8) 1.66 82 | 3.85 | 3.06] 1.41 || 3.10 22.) 5.83) 5.06] 2.75 ||-+-1.44] —.60 |+1.98|4-2.00)41.34
9) 2.48| 4.27] 2.60] 4.69] 3.41 || 1.88] 5.00] 2.33] 2.66] 2.73 || —.60 | +.73 | —.27 |—2.03] —.68
MG) 1:32) 2.8. UO |) cI) cence 8B I) conooe 181) || 100) |) cccere 99) |) arses = || AED
di) 1.88] 1.55] 232] 2.79] 2.22 ]/ 1.58| 1.43] 2.43| 2.75 | 2.02 |! —.30 | —.12 | +.11 | —.04 | —.20
12) .58 80 | 1.45] 1.86] 1.09 67) .96] 1.51] 1.73] 1.10 |) +.09 | +.16 | +.06 | —.13 | +.01
1.52 | 1.66 | 2.02 | 2.21 | 1.67 || 1.67 | 1.73 | 2.32 | 2.82 | 1.95 || +.15 |+.07 |+.30 | +.11 | +.28
1) 1.23) 1.64] 1.95] 1.94] 1.92 || 1.53] 1.67] 2.08] 2.76] 1.92 |] +.30| +.03 | +.13 | +.82 00
9} 1.18) 1.42] 1.99] 1.72] 1.48 || 1.41] 1.25] 1.75] 2.11] 1.57 || +.23 | —.17 | —.24) +.39 | +-.09
, 3] 2.91) 2.52] 3.33] 5.61] 3.39 || 2.55] 2.91] 3.29] 6.61] 3.69 || —.36 | +.39 | —.04 |+1-00/ +-.30
PWTAOGH| hc ce ioe eoces PAOGH eee BS PA I desaan || icssbos PBB || noe SLDA5|) ‘cocaca. || cosoc0 +.49
) 5} 2.39] 2.35) 2.22] 2.58] 2.48 ]| 2.89] 3.38] 2.64] 3.40) 3.04 ]| +.50 |41.03) +.42 | +.82 | 4.56
1.75 | 1.98 | 2.87 | 2.78 | 2.32 || 2.34 | 2.30) 2.44) 3.49 | 2.55 || +.59/-+.32|+.07/ -+.71|+.23
iee44) |) 45) 169) 2:93) gy 55 | 1.00] .84] 3.41 72 || 4.11 | +.55 | -+.15 |4-1.18] —.15
2) .96] 1.95] 1.81] 1.61] 1.56|| 1.47) 2.33) 2.34) 2.93] 2.16 |) +.51 | +.38 | --.53 |+-1.32) -.60
eee m9 2) P97a\) 1031) 94 .62| .68] 1.07| .59]) .68 || —.49 | —.24 | +-.10 | —.44 | —.26
4| 2.80] 1.86) 2.30] 3.55| 2.37 || 3.64] 1.88) 2.59| 4.45] 2.84 || 4.84] +.02) +.29 | +.90 | +.47
5| 1.75| 1.38| 1.72] 3.09] 1.72 || 2.29] 1.03} 1.67] 3.26] 1.78 || +.54 | —.35 | —.05 | +-.17 | -+.06
6| 22.14 | 15.17 | 25.82 | 27.51 | 22.02 || 22.64 | 16.13 | 29.36 | 28.39 | 23.35 |) +-.50 | +-96 |+3.54) +.88 |-+-1.33
| 92.72) 1.67] 2.77] 3.82] 2.66 || 2.91] 1.80) 2.70] 4.481 2.88 || 4.19 | +.13 | —.07 | +.66 | +.22
8| 2.06] 1.18] 1.80] 3.77] 1.97|| 2.96] 1.44] 2.16] 4.12) 2.53 || 4.90 | +.26 | +.36 | +.35 | -.56
9] 1.51} 1.25] 1.37] 2.53! 1.61]! 1.79] 1.88| 1.22] 2.68] 1.56 || +.28]+.13 | —.15 | +.15 | —.05
10| 1.86) 1.02) 1.71] 2.91) 1.77|) 2.21) 1.10] 1.73] 3.24) 1.91 |] +.35 | +.08 | +.02 | +.33 | +.14
11) 2.01) 1.85] 2.19] 3.06] 2.16 |] 2.30] 2.07) 1,74] 3.32] 2.10 || 4.29] +.22 | —.45 | +-.26 | —.06
12} 3.39) 2.54] 2.06] 6.59] 2.98 || 3.33| 2.40| 3.36] 7.72| 3.60 || —.06 | —.14 |+1.30/+1.13) + .62
13] 1.18] 1.29] 1.88] 2.72) 1.58 || 1.55| 1.36] 1.40] 2.93] 1.35 |) +.37 | -+.07 | —.48 | +-.21 | —.23
14) 3.75 | 2.71] 2.99] 4.90] 3.03|| 5.27| 3.13| 3.25] 5.97] 4.13 |/41.52] +.42 | +.96 |+1.07/+1.10
15| 1.89] 2.39] 1.97) 3.99) 2.16]| 2.21] 2.35] 1.73] 3.65] 2.09 || +.32 | —.04 | —.24 | --.36 | —.07
3.381) 2.51| 3.42| 4.84 | 3.29 || 3.72| 2.67| 3.81| 5.41| 3.58 |4.41|+.16|+.39 +.57) +.29
1| 1.23] 1.64] 1.95] 1.94| 1.92 |] 1.53] 1.67] 2.08] 2.76] 1.92 || +.30 | +.03 -+-.13 | 4.82 00
ieee OSs eee 2078) 2097 | ee) TAB || cancer ZS} || DEAD | case || —=-21 | ose +1.47| —.01
Bil eedeaal Bayern eee SUE AGy Ned ONE IS. Sal ose eotll eee steee SHOP cconc i hepeeee ate! || cence SU i
4| 1.29| 1.41| 9.15| 1.36| .89|| 2.63| 1.62| 2.52] 2.70] 1.37 ||41.34) +.21 | +.37 |+1.34) + 48
5| 1.64| 1.57| 1.87| 1.97| 1.63|| 2.09] 2.02| 2.40] 2.98] 2.09 || +.45 | +.45 | +.53 +1.01| 4-.46
6| .48| 1.01] 1.10| 1.42| .97|| 1.47| 1.23] 1.53] 2.33| 1.43 || +.99 | +-22) 1.48 | +.91 | +,56
“| 1.86] 1.83| 1.11] 1.33] 1.36|| 2.86] 1.73] 1.35] 1.97| 1.46 ||4-1.00) —.10 eae ies +.10
8| 2.22) 1.68] .78 90| .97|| 2.45| 1.59| .92] 1.27| .61 || +.23 | —.09 | +-.14 Bie —.36
| 9} 6.44| 95] 4.07) 2.14| 4.06|| 8.78| 2.72| 5.78] 2.93| 6.27 |4+2.34-41.77/-4 1-51) 4.79 4 2.2
10) 1.07) .56| .33| .23| .48|| 216| .92| .58| .43| .98 |-+-1.09) +.36 | -F.25 dee |e
2.03| 1.83] 1.82) 1.49) 1.52|| 2.87] 1.69) 2.38 | 2.26 Ae lp +.36 | +56) +.77) +.48

82 July, 1875,

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Po
aa Wee
eo 4 i=]
5 5 5 I, PLAcE oF OBSERVATION,
N | a
South of the Great Lakes.
10 | 101 1. Western Illinois, lat. 40° to 41°..
10 | 106 2. Northeastern Illinois..
10 | 108 3. West Urbana, Fastern Iinois, lat. “40° ‘to 41°
10 | 110 4, Northwestern Indiana........ sidvalens otless
10 | 113 5. Kendallville, Northeastern Indiana...
10 | 115 6. Southwestern Michigar . eC
10 | 117 7. Grand Traverse, Michigan...
10 | 122 8. Southeastern Michigan.....
10 | 124 9. Northwestern Ohio.......
10 | 128 10. Northeastern Ohio..... re
MEAN RESULTANT. .... 00000: cenceectsccecee cer ||
Illinois, Indiana and Ohio, south of lat. 40°.
11 90 1. Southwestern Illinois . 2
11 92 2. West Salem, Southeastern Tlinaise!
11 98 3. Southwestern Indiana .. Neces
11 | 100 4, Southeastern Indien
11 | 108 5. Southwestern Ohio .
11 | 114 6. Southeastern Ohio.. .
MEAN RESULTANT...
New York to North Carolina,
west of the Appalachian Range.
10 | 137 1. Northwestern Pennsylvania .. sel
10 | 148 2. W. Pennsylvania and W. Va. e. “north ‘of! 40°.
10 | 159 3. Western New York .. ne seer che
11 | 116 4. Northwestern Virsiniay south of lat. 40°.
1] | 118 5. Central Virginia... easacice
11 | 123 6. Chapel Hill, Middle North Carolina.
Mean RESULTANT.. a8
|| Middle States, east of the Appalachian Range. |
10 | 166 1. Central Pennsylvania..
10 | 186 2. Central New York.. . “
10 | 189 3. Berwick, Northeastern! Pennsylvauia ..
10 | 195 4. Eastern Pennsylvania...
10 | 208 5. Northeastern New York .. ‘i
10 | 226 6. Eastern New York...........
10 | 242 7. Southeastern New York...........
10 | 247 8. Northern and Central New Jersey..
10 | 272 9. Long Island, New York.. 5
11 | 132 10. Southern Pennsylvania & Northern “Maryland |
Tha tli ¢ 11. District of Columbia and Southern Maryland
1 | 157 12. Delaware, 8. E. Pennsylvania and 5. N. Jersey
MIRAW, RESUOTAND fe ceneenlesss cement ssscsnnien
Kentucky and Tennessee.
11 94 1. Western Tennessee...
1l 96 2. Bowling Green, WWieskeen) Kentneky
11 | 103 3. Middle ‘Tennessee .. :
11 ) 106 4, Northern and Central i Kentueky..
1G erie hit 5, Eastern Tennessee. . PARA Ore ae
MIAN REND EDANT fe cnnlesslensiseeloneeeeles=ieesnan
Atlantic Coast, lat. 31° to 38°.
11 | 125 ee Noxrtheastonm Wire ine caccnse-tecnsss/-nedeciseelernientens
11 | 142 2. Southeastern Virginia..
11 | 144 3. Eastern North Carolina. axe
12 | 127 4: Georgia, late 33° tones sccsenciscenetisepinessetleetans

IV. AVERAGE VELOCITY OF ALL WINDS.

Autumn.

ray
Sanaa

Parwrm poo

| Summer. Winter. Year.

ree 4.66 5.21 6.03 5.65
52 6.40 6.66 6.66 6.81
63 4.80 5.30 5.68 7.10
56 6.05 11.99 6.16 7.94
77 4.42 3.19 9.36 6.18
41 4.44 5.67 7.14 5.91
Ganreg 11.93 6.66 eneese

5.41 6.71 eon 6.73

12.62 11.28 10.67 11.36

6.18 §.31 8.27 7.83

6.11 7.63 7.40 7.28

03 4.58 5.27 6.09 5.49
37 6.27 8.92 eae 8.13
59 5.95 7.26 5.85 5.49
71 4 66 5.21 6.03 5.65
21 4.26 5.69 6.97 6.03
29 7.06 5.52 6.34 6.30
O| 5.46 6.31 6.54 6.18
4.36 5.07 8.29 6.26

4.77 5.95 5.54 5.66

5.62 Duo 8.27 6.77

7.44 8.72 8.04 8.11

7.09 8.50 11.13 10.20

3.16 4.10 4.24 3.94

5.41 6.38 7.59 6.82

22 2.81 Barly 4.64 4,11
99 6.91 8.27 10.56 8.68
-86 3.00 10.92 6.22 6.50
32 4.86 6.16 7.07 6.35
239 6.04 5.95 6.72 6.27
16 4.94 5.95 7.16 6.30
.30 4.55 6.21 7.49 6.64
y 6.75 7.63 9.78 8.59
5.81 6.42 7.26 6.60

4,24 5.33 5.74 5.29

5.44 6.75 8.26 7.39

4.78 6.97 8.20 7.04

5.01 6.69 7.42 6.65

3.12 2.87 7.02 4.58

CEROOS 5.14 Sconce rpc

3.22 4,34 7.16 5.28

4.79 5.54 5.73 §.53

4.75 4.60 7.86 5.85

3.97 4.50 6.94 5.31

5.26 6.32 6.78 6.75

4.22 4.95 5.57 5.27

6.18 6.32 8.64 7.69

6.38. 7.48 7.65 7.44

>

VELOCITY TABLES.

C.

SERIES

F : Radtat mond MH r oi AN 1 AwWID Tia <H oan aS ;
Balls HAbdthmoe SaaH 08 SO SHI cf 19) Seeatas SH Sag 5Ssh5
nee ey |p Se SO sien hh peti SO Satis a fa nae! piek i gesnane dee tata palieradiatal a et Sy sialyl, winateoretal
ed | ++/++4+ +444 +4+4+444+ +++ / 944 + +444 f+ 4
Ae = aes 3 TAC rs a eS S(—) lo @) I= | ma
Hey S So % L Suk 2 1D
Ro oD ING Apel stawtoad ty CO st SS ig et SS
Pe | = SSAGASReRas SAeeage BAZSSGeo = 588m ere

St db At BOSD aD a aC eo Son aisiierefany ete pa oO Sb ee Bp aD oon oO inte oo sheeaiareieny
g ol rl Ln! eal 1
aa | 5 $4+44+p+t++t+ +4 4+454++ Title [| Shae y f4+4+ ++++

b ee
AR De : 1 iSO

$ eo O19 comm Ss ww Im £9 6 CO OD GD 110 Of St x © sl 2s 4
an | $ NRSnDSRE BAe SSA ho H 09 st 08 19 2 SNES toa
no Stele SEBS S BES 25 2h aoe DET ae See Serie sen ie Ne ~ — Spies Sere DAnE Wot tsiasren sh Graiarenaeh ara wemachan siugemibitelereperentar Lraiuraiees
ae fe aa Ie earde +4++++4++4 +4-+ | ++ +++ oat
oa | Saas ae ==

5 i SoONrto .OO Aar~ Sa sti on co a 4 OO ads Om s¢
af 5 atta Bang HSGnaaAg 15 00 4 POD = :S3836 Anos
wn Sl er eR esate SER ERE R e SA tara or aon H 5 Oe ee a anise, conempite sre release SG aS Na asinr
ga | @ +++ [4+ i4+++4 +++4+ 4 +++ {+++ ficeoaes ae |
Ee i Pasian Ss, SE as Ht a S =

to aoeacS ; esraSan stoma rohSodonms nr BS ’ = Bone
ae | 3 RES SSIS o gh 0 SOCSRSROS SCHRSH MSH FSCsaanasezers % ESS SS
me | = SS la oe ages sarge Usa Sita soi acral De OED Se eae, SB aang 3 BPR NEPA Rt riers
Po | & : + :

FE fH Et [tp 4544544 mis) |r 445444 [4449 + iff4t SuAPSeae

ee iene Vex} ~o1o ft Dd I~ oo DO OH 1g Oo OO SH SH © OAwmwOocanwo Hoi ~~ lon) eae . F is

B BAST Bee SASanag aesasee QSRARASHSaTNA Ba ianog Boma
B a aid ‘Had :idacded nadia. OAM IaH gy AOANA TAA AAA gy =) Pitas IS Ii doa
4
A eS
et $ MOH OOMHOrOon®O loriins Morir Ware) DMOSOAD rNDnMRESCwAnHnAD i=} we oD oaAaa
ae ee tana h wool a RRSAASS KSaRSney SrSanieaanaag BSN 8 BaRoS
& cS AA AM ACA H co gy TAA CO LOO I As TASH 10 A 6g CAH ca OO AIAN Hc od HSH gg A ANN AnaAg
He on
HO A

Gg I~ HinN Oren oOo loro Se ol | mre oOo co AANDAMWMARTCHMoOMN Ss Asi ito} oO S st oO
ge | SSSRRSSSB5e roronanso RHA AN wMMAHOOONAHAHANA SEseasys HAS

Chan Sh easel ascoaae Dee O oe: Ta S Dip issiecre bee Sars an Be Rs eT Det BEDS i eee Ss
3 <q AAAAR AIH OO gg BAAN gY ANN troy HOMTANAIARATAN EA dod tl es Dal a
ps —
gh : Moiwnmro .30019 09 1 OH 01010 bs rw OOH Srwoiotonrwm snAetinon a lao @) 9 18) © OD
p =| rica Hod a CO > Ht DAATITNG PON) SCD IG} PAAR OARBDGOAN GE =) Smo rica © sO
a ia FAARHAAH intag SAdddA yy AANA AAO aad | al Gee dan
ss bo AMDMNDH1D .ANAO ere oa2ond wowmimwoone® 6919 £919 CO SH I= f= OA OS OD ice) -twOS0 oon

a 28 CMI NN C8) SSE 2 Ge) ESA SY SAIS SD (es) SA Sh PS BESS Ar C9 NSA io) C2 aialtetS 6) OG) EN oy

i AAANNNYS ENON A AAR AANS ONAN. AMANANAAAARA co Mm INN AnAN

ie : nN ej ina} N : a

a Hotwte .Woing OOO AIO SL C1818 DS10 St DOW ONOBRDDE OD 1D -1NI- NO Senn
by a mt ob 4 6 CO HH 12 st SH op coca OH Gy AI Aca 00 WON DS HAH 29 09 THD OH a iis 929 (5) APS
A iS monn rel OD SN os De Oe ee ee AAA NIA DA a eS OS : on! . ci ol
o val al tl ec ei
{e) — + — —

a 4 Ql co =H 00 60 co HOO MIO 11g WA AP S19 69 1 c— aQnDr-SomnnnnnmoonW 1p .82NoOs Ara
ie)

So 1g STR AON Oh a = Scone eS c0 SHS wes) SED SIN STS CST $ISAZS RSS

8 5 AANA AAAA A 00 CO gg AANA 4 60 ACO XH og AM AAHAAN AAA A CO a al | dea

mo,

ag

a : tH SCHM AAA aL = aAtow © Sr BE DaeADOWODD OSanN ~-oma

aa 3 2) MOON AN Or et Han oaad DoRSrAN BRAD SORHANGAGS San ans I~ OL
Neca Mle isle seicetisr abet ease tere eaten aman a ye ls ees mac etaae ease a the REC ee acti rer Ag Oe Oo cleats at
BE q AAA HFROAANNA AAA aoe Ny AADIAANA se 4 ili! tal Lal
my
BOR
= ; ANMoOmMe .droOd CA a xH oO 2 of b= co HH I~ HAMOHHAHerOoS © . NOM wm nso 3
erst q DODMIGOHRM 1NROM HAN 2 oot BSHANSO SRA SSRSKESaR il Sanh SO) rst 1
afiae cai SSeS ae ease ciiisteake tls tiar tina. Bs aeale7 SP ose rare te oka ele a eager a Oe .
HOG R eS Ne ES | Tatil reli nay Dt OS OS | fl ales} iShatishial 4 tal tal e Lele!
oC
S A
| bb rota no M19 oy HDOOreHo AnaooOl DADr-AHADANMH HOS iW . m=O 60 In OS 1 Pe
iS a ASHAGN iqase S 29 on cy oo SHS 33 Al BSRnDAM OTA a iomad mao
‘ 5 Ao AAs PAO Go ss Ne ANAND Hg Celia) AAAAAAAAA vat 8 tel aan
b n
| PISTONS PISCE S aA oo Hin 6 rt Ql op shins so INGO a SEIS TS ral od Hig aco

652

WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

IV. AVERAGE VELOCITY OF ALL WINDS.

B
aS
=] Soe
5 ES I, Pracr or OBSERVATION. s
N me Spring.
Atlantic Coast.— Continued.
12 | 137 6. South Carolina, lat. 34° to Bb0r. tc cscs -oneeeens ||) ailedil
12 | 140 6. South Carolina, lat. 33 to 34 .... 10.29
12 | 144 7. South Carolina, lat. 32 to 33 .... es 9.51
MEAN RESULTANT.....0+0c00cee cer cee cee sevens 9.11
Texas.
12} 61 1. Austin, Central Texas, lat. 30°, lon. 98°........ 7.83
Wey) yal 2. Texas late c0 tool, longa dbo to Oiceersccens. 11.35
13} 15 3. New Braunfels, 5S. Cent. Texas, lat. 29° to 30° 7.52
13 | 13(a)) 4. San Antonio, Texas, lat. 29° (by anemometer) 8.24
| Min AGNiPRESDIVAWNT e\esisenienctsmicee/sanicmesncione 8.73
-Gulf States.
12 | 86 1. Black River and Trinity, Northeastern La..... 7.20
12 93 2. Oxford, Mississippi, lat. 34° to 35°............... 9.59
12) 95 3 eMississippi; lat. (Gos 40lS4> covanvereace== 4.77
12] 98 4. Mississippi, lat. 52 to 33 ... 4.30
12 | 101 5. Mississippi, lat. 31 to 32 .... 5.24
12 | 110 6. Alabama, lat. 33 to 34 ... 7.29
12 | 114 7s) Alabama,y lat. (o2 6160) Ooi lestecieeckonincetsn 5.72
13 | 30 8. New Orleans, Southeastern Louisiana............ 6.07
MEAN RESULTANT s+ <0. sceceresecsscesseneeenes || Oo27.
Florida.
12 | 120 1. Western Florida, north of lat. 30°....... 22.26.08: 8.42
12 | 133 2. Northeastern Florida................2++000 as 5.75
13 41 3. Florida, lat. 29° to 30°...... Sats 7.59
MiGAW RESULTANT. vccscctseslscrssenev er deestens 7.25—
14) 11 1. Salt Ponds, Florida, Tat -2bO%N,ebecess-seceasrciees|l| osao
15 6 2. City of Mexico, Mexico, lat. 19° N...........s000 3.82
p17 | 22 3. Catharina Sophia, Guiama...........0.-2.csscceeee ens 8.55
} 24] 23 4. Assumption, Paraguay .......-2.221scese+ eee ceecee ere 5.57
11 |175(a))| 5: Horta Payal, Azores <.....05.2.csscssesncseooceviers ere 13.24
7 | 34(a@)|| 6. Sandwick Manse, Orkney Islands................. || 15.79
3 6 Wee PortKoulke” Arctic Oceanier.s: were reciesiesosaeane 11.30
4/ 10 8. Port Kennedy, Arctic Ocean...... eslsiarelessfeessail lel Detkes
15 | 35 Ol Bombay, pla jew-eveccaenecsteesenaenteersaeeaciceesestssen| | meLOnTG)

Summer.

Darra
SIH woop
oocwwrp

SwwWH Oop bo
SeSeSSses

IP ox 99 ys o> 2 9 oa

:
ra

7.23
4.99
6.01
6.08

12.38
2.73
7.51
6.01

10.01

12.99

15.82

14.57

18.14

Autumn.

Winter.

Swwwowst
On wowo mam

Paarrp aoa

[)

Year.

Dwowrs a
Hoesen ese

Pogo op po
a
oO

8.12

5.23

7.19
6.84.

14.56 ©
4.18
9.06

12.84

SERIES C. VELOCITY TABLES. 653
VY. VELocITy In Mean DIRECTION BY VI. Troe VELocITY In Mran VII. Excess or Tor TRUE VELOCITY §
HyPorHesis. DIRECTION. OVER THE VELOCITY BY HYPOTHESIS. }

i}
Spring. Sum. | Aut. | Wint.| Year. |/Spring.

5 H
Sum. | Aut. | Wint./ Year. |/Spring.| Sum. | Aut. | Wint. | Year.

5} 2.06) 2.43} 1.38] 3.35] 1.65 2.68 | 2.15} 2.14] 3.98] 2.26 || +.62 | —.28 | +.76 | +.63|-+.6

6} 2.87] 1.98) 1.48) 2.25 | 1.45 1.75 | 2.85| 2.22) 2.65 -99 ||—1.12] +.87 | +.76 | +.40 | —.46 §

7) U.28) 2:23) 1.607) 3.04) .88 || 1.61] 3.59) 1.67) 3.60 -62 || +.33 |4-1.36| +.07 | +.56 | —-.26
1.78 | 1.56 | 1.25 | 2.15 | 1.18 || 2.05) 1.82}; 1.61 | 2.68 | 1.32 || +.27) +.26) +.36|+.53/-++.14!

1) 1.59) 3.25] .35| 1.45] .82|/ 1.71) 4.05) .51| 2.23] .85 || 4.12|+.80| + 16] +.78 | --.03
Dees teria etetit | Ue 2A Naya 2972) 50. 4.49) |) Teo) foo) |onag| Seig9 NE sy (ea ye| Asian)
3] 1.50) 2.44) 1.58] 1.97] 1.28 || 1.35) 3.46] 1.92| 2.86] 1.46 || —.15 |41.02| 4.34] +.89 | 4.18 §
4| 4.04) 5.89) 416] 5.67] 4.08 || 3.13} 6.11) 5.14) 7.86] 3.52 ||—.91 | +.92 | +.98 |4-2.19| —.56 }

1.87 | 3.17| 1.80 | 2.383} 1.72 || 2.23) 3.78 | 2.25 | 3.59] 1.69 ||+.36|+.61|+.45 |+1.26|—.04 |

BOAIDaPwWwe
=
iss)
ir

2.55 35 || 1.43) 2.37] 2.27] 2.08 33 || +.29 | +.35 | +.49 | —.47 —.02 |

1] 1.14! 2.02] 1.78

| Bite) stereo) valet eyes7y|| ia | 120) Tee) “ieg)| 24) Mina | 409 | 438 | 290 | Zion
3) 115| .61| 3.26| 1-84] 117|| 1.09] 841 4.06| 228| 1.45 || —.06 | 1.23 | +.80 | 4+.44| 4.28)
83) 127| 217/186] .61|) .95| 1.47| 2.72 1.78 | .67| +.12/+.20 +.56 |—.08 |+.06 |

1] 5.18} 7.61] 7.70] 7-71| 6.28 || 5.71] 8.84] 8.62] 8.11] 6.87 |) +.53 |+1.23) +.92| +.40| +.59]
o) 255) 31] 1.61] 3.06] .79 || 2.54] .88| 1.43) 3.19] 1.11 || —.21| 4.07 | —.18 | +-.13 | -.32 5

3) 6.74] 4.38) 5.11| 7.53) 5.77 || 7.32] 4.86) 5.97] 8.73 6.62 |) -.58 +.48 | +.86 |+1.20/+-.85 |

Ae 2HOGH MESH OM esters) vetesse ||) cass Del OWl YSvASy ieee allie see al Raters | +.06 | +.12
+.70 | +-.90 |4-1.36] —.48 +.49 }
2.21) 2.60) 3.36) 5.76] 3.13 |) 2.68| 2.86) 4.10) 6.33 | 3.60) 4.47 +.26 4.74 4.87 4.47
17.21 | 10.17 |/-++-3-16) +.15 ++5.09 +8.28|+4.14]

5.31] 5.68) 9.34) 10.69] 7.89 |) 8.35 | 8.74] 11.85 | 13.08 | 10.47 ||4-3.04,4-3.C8/4-2.51/+-2.39 2.58}

|

6
7| 3.73 -32| 12.83 | 8.93) 6.03 || 6.89 AT | 17.92
8
9

6d4 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

FORCES THAT DEFLECT THE CLOUD CURRENT OF THE ATMOSPHERE
FROM ITS MEAN ANNUAL DIRECTION

THE annual direction of the upper current, as indicated by the motion of the
clouds, shows—in the temperate zone—a great uniformity from the west. Of the
resultants given in the following table four-fifths are from points between west by
north and southwest. If those stations that lie within the limits of the polar
and equatorial systems of winds are excluded, the uniformity is almost without
an exception. The ratio, 42 per cent., is nearly double that of the surface
current (23 per cent.), thus showing a steadiness of motion admitting of little
monsoon influence. Accordingly we find, in the right-hand columns of the
following table, that the deflecting forces are usually quite small; in fact, so small
that a map constructed on the same plan and scale as Plates 10, 11 and 12,
would not satisfactorily exhibit their direction or amount. For this reason they
are collected in the accompanying table. ‘The yearly resultants are prefixed for
ready comparison.

Monsoon influences.
Resultant 2
for the year.

Spring. Summer. Autumn. Winter.

Place of observation.

| | |
Direction.| © | Direction. Direction.) © | Direction.) © | Direction.

Serial number,

Zone 6. Lat. 60° to 65°. fa
|

| Fort Simpson........-seesssseness | Ne ay . 274° B,|.18? |S. 483°W.|.40 |s. .|.50? N. 35° W.|.

Zone 8. Lat. 50° to 55°.

6, Red River Settlement..........

Zone 9. Lat. 45° to 50°.

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Southern Montana.

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Central Minnesota..
Eastern Minnesota . Sno 205
N. and N. E. Minnesota - toted
N. W. Wisconsin.. iouwen

5 Marquette, Michigan............
N. Michigan, west of 87°
Winnipeg..

Northern Michigan, E. of 87'
Montreal and St. Martin...

> Central Manoaten ee
St. John’s, N. B
Wolfville, Nova Scotia oo
Georsdoff, France ........e0.0- 0 |

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Zone lO. Lat. 40° to 45°.

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48 N. Central Utah..
49 Fort Bridger.......
60, 8. Central Dakotah .

|

Serial number,

SERIES C. DEFLECTING FORCES.

Place cf observation.

Resultant

for the year.

Monsoon influences.

Spring.

Summer.

Autumn.

Winter.

Direction.

Direction.

Direction.

Direction.

Direction.

| N. W. Illinois. an
| W. Illinois, lat. “40° 4 41°...

5} S. W. Michigan.. ......

3] N. E. Massachusetts ...

3} California, long. 121 Tee W.

| Eastern Central Kansas........

7| Hastern Missouri............0+-+

3) Southeastern Illinois ..
| Western Tennessee ....

Zone 10.— Continued.

S. W. Minnesota................. |

N. E. Illinois.

N. W. maine

E. Tinos
N. E. Indiana.......

Michigan, lat. 43° to 4¢
S. E. SE c

N. W. Ohio..

N. E. Ohio.......
Toronto, Canada.

N. W. Pennsylvania
W. Pennsylvauia....
W. New York...
Eastern Pennsylvania.
N. E. New York
Eastern New York.

5. E. New York.......
W. Massachusetts....
N. New Hampshire...
S. New Hampshire...
Rhode Island...........

S. E. Massachusetts ...
S. W. Maine..

S. Maine....... he
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Zone ll. Lat. 35° to 40°.

California, long. TSE We
California, long. 121 —122

Monterey, Cal.
Southwestern Utah... soe
Camp Plummer & Ft. Lowell
Fort Hays...

Western Central Kens,
Northeastern Indian Ter ritor ‘y

Northeastern Kansas............
Eastern Kansas.. disse
Northwestern jv ear Seen
Northeastern Arkansas ..
Southwestern Missouri

Southeastern Missouri...
Southwestern Illinois...

Western Kentucly.....
Southeastern Indiana .
Middle Tennessee
Newport Barracks ..
Northern and Cent. Kentueky
Southwestern Ohio.. :
Northeastern Kentucky
Eastern Tennessee... ........+ +0
Southeastern Ohio........
Northwestern Virginia .........
Middle North Carolina.........

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656 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Monsoon influences.
Resultant

for the year.
Spring. |

Summer. Autumn. Winter.
Place of observation.

Serial number.

Direction. Direction. Direction.| ° | Direction.| © || Direction.

Zone 11.— Continued.

Southern Pennsylvania...
Northern Maryland...

| Dist. of Columbia and s. Ma.
| Southeastern Virginia...
Eastern North Carolina... 20
Southeastern Pennsylvania...
Southern New Jersey...........

Zmzaaa

Zone 12. Lat. 30° to 35°N.

New Mexico, Southern Cent.
Texas, lat. 30-1°, long. 95-7°
Arkansas, lat. 34° to 35°
Northwesterm Lonisiana.
Northeastern Louisiana........
Mississippi, lat. 34° to 35°..
Mississippi, lat. 32 to 34 ...
Mississippi, lat. 32 to 33 ...
Mississippi, lat. 31 to 32 ...
Alabama, lat. 34 to 35 ...
3) S. Carolina, lat. 34 to 35 ...
8. Carolina, lat. 33 to 34 ...

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ABZANNnnnNnnmM
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Zone 138. Lat. 25° to 30° N.

Southeastern Louisiana..
New Orleans, years 1554— 57.

Zone 14. Lat. 20° to 25°N.

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Zone l5. Lat. 15° to 20° N.

City of aT 1856..
Mirador. ..s.s-. rele
Tehuantepec.

West Indies...

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DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF

ROFESSOR COFFIN’S TABLES AND CHARTS

e
OF THE

WINDS OF THE GLOBE. ~

BY 9

Dr. ALEXANDER WOEIKOF,

OF THE IMPERIAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF RUSSIA, ~

( 657 )

83 July, 1875.

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DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS.

THE aim of Prof. Coffin in this work on the “ Winds of the Globe,” the reason
why he did not write the text, and how I came to take charge of this part of it,
has. been already explained in the preface.

In what way the ideas of the deceased author would have been modified by the
progress of theoretical meteorology in the last twenty years, as well as by the
much more extended knowledge of facts we possess now, it is impossible to say.
It is very likely, however, that he would have continued to rely principally on the
inductive method, would have avoided hasty generalizations, and would have
shown the same caution and candor as in his other works, omitting explanations
of what our present knowledge did not give sufficient data, rather than mislead
his readers.

Before drawing the conclusions which seem to follow from the tables and maps
of this work, some explanations are necessary.

The object of this work is to ascertain the movement of the air over different
parts of the earth’s surface. For this purpose the mean direction and rate of
progress of the wind were calculated according to the formula of Lambert. It is
easy to see that to accomplish this with precision, we should know the velocity of
the wind at all places at which calculations are to be made. Now we know

the velocity of the winds in a somewhat accurate manner only for a very small
number of stations. For many more the velocity of the wind was merely esti-

mated, and for a majority of places, the direction of the wind alone is known.
Now the progressive movement of the air over a certain place, even taking into
account the direction only, without considering the number of miles travelled,
can be ascertained from the number of observations alone if we make the suppo-
sition that all winds have the same velocity; but this is obviously not the case.
Tn nearly all known instances where the velocity of the winds has been ascertained,
it has been found to vary considerably; generally, the more accurate observations
with selfregistering anemometers give a greater difference between the velocities
belonging to different directions of the winds than mere estimates have given, the
difference being seldom less than 1 to 2, and sometimes even 1 to 4 or 1 to 5.

In considering attentively the observations for the stations where the number
of observations, for hours, and the velocity are given, it is seen that generally the
most frequent wind is also the strongest, or, comparing the mean direction of the

wind calculated from the number of observations only, with that obtained by
(659 )

660 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

taking into account the velocity of the winds, it will be found that in the last case
the mean direction generally approaches nearer to the actual direction of the
prevailing wind.

Besides it is seen that generally the ratio of resultant is greater in the second
case than in the first.

Thus it follows that, when we have the mean direction of the wind at a given
place, calculated from the number of observations only, we may infer that, if the
velocity was known, it would modify the result in so far as to make the mean
direction nearer to that of the prevailing wind, and the ratio of resultant greater.

Unfortunately most of the above deductions apply only to the United States, as it
was the only country for which Prof. Coffin made his calculations from the original
journals. As to printed meteorological journals, they were very scarce until within
a late period, and many of these were not to be had in the United States. There-
fore published means and abstracts had to be relied upon, and these gave only the
number of observations for each wind, It might be thought that the results of the
self-registering anemometers now in use in so many meteorological stations would
give abundant material for the answer to this question, but, owing to the recent
introduction of these instruments in some cases, and to discontinuity of record in
others, comparatively few tabulated records of velocity of winds have been printed.

Yet it seems that the angle between the mean direction calculated, taking ito
account the number of observations only, and that in which the velocity is con-
sidered, seldom exceeds 15°. In case of a very smallratio of resultant it can be
much greater, but this small ratio itself shows that the mean direction is not
much to be relied upon.

All this leads to the conclusion that it is possible to calculate the mean direction
of the wind from the number of observations only without incurring a large error.
The map, Plate 13, shows the resultant direction for the number of observations
only, as also for velocity, in the United States. I must also explain in what sense
I use the words * polar” and “ equatorial” winds. Polar designates a wind blowing
from a higher latitude towards a lower; and equatorial, a wind blowing from a
lower towards a higher latitude. I use these terms in the way which is most
generally admitted, to avoid confusion. This agrees also with the manner in
which winds are generally designated, so far as we call north wind one that blows
from the north towards the south, and not vice versa.

It will be remembered that in the “ Winds of the Northern Hemisphere” Prof.
Coffin used the words “ polar” and “ equatorial” in the opposite sense.

Another question, to my mind, more difficult to answer, is as to the value of the
observations on the motion of clouds. They may serve two ends: 1, to ascertain
the motion of an upper current of the air; 2, to observe the lower current, free
from the irregularities often found immediately above the surface of the earth.

Naturally enough, in this case all depends on the height of the clouds observed.
Very seldom, if ever, in discussing observations from a journal, can even the
approximate height of the clouds observed be ascertained. This alone detracts
very much from the value of such observations. Besides this, the cases must be
taken into account when there were no clouds, or, the clouds being very high, no

es al

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 661

appreciable movement could be observed. All this lessens the value of the
observations on motion of clouds.

Generally it is seen, that the clouds move from the same direction as the air
near the surface of the earth, which would lead to the conclusion that the lower
strata of clouds were those observed.

As to the higher clouds, the cirri, as far as known, they move generally from
the west, except in the polar regions.

Considering all this, as well as the fact that the motion of clouds is recorded
in this work for very few places outside of the United States, I shall not consider
the subject in the further deductions, leaving to every one interested to draw
his own conclusions from the tables and the map, Plate 1.

The most important works in meteorological science in the last twenty-two
years are devoted to the proof of the mutual dependence of atmospheric pressure
and winds.

It has for a long time been admitted that in the belts of the trade-winds the air
moves from the regions where pressure is high (the polar limits of the trades)
towards the low pressure of the equatorial regions. ‘The phenomena-here were so
simple and regular that the explanation was very easy. In the case of the tropical
hurricanes it was also generally admitted that the wind blew towards the low
pressure in the centre of the storms. The meteorological phenomena of the
temperate and polar regions are much more complicated, and the causes of them
less easily detected.

It was Prof. Buys-Ballot who proved the general dependence of the winds on
the pressure of the air. In its original enunciation, his celebrated law of the winds
declares that the winds will blow from the region where the barometer is above
the mean towards that where it is below, and will be deflected 60° to 80° towards
the right, owing to the rotation of the earth. He subjected this law to a severe
practical test in using it in the system for prediction of storms which had been
established at that time in the Netherlands. Buys-Ballot’s law of the winds is
now very generally accepted, though in a somewhat modified form, viz.: the wind
blows from a region of high pressure towards one of low pressure, an | is deflected
to the right owing to the rotation of the earth. In 1853, Prof. Coffin arrived at a
very similar conclusion, saying, “that in the northern hemisphere a wind arriving
from its mean direction always finds the point of maximum pressure on its left,
and the minimum to its right; while the reverse is true in the southern hemi-
sphere. There seem to be no exceptions to this law.” He further states (Pro-
ceedings of American Association, 1858, p. 88) that the deflection in this case is
65°; that is, very near to that found by Dr. Buys-Ballot. Even before Professor
Coffin, Espy expressed similar views, as seen in his “ Philosophy of Storms” and
“Meteorological Reports.” Very likely the views of the American meteorologists
were too much in advance of their time to be generally accepted. When Dr.
Buys-Ballot published his law of the winds, meteorology had made much more
progress, so as to render such views more easy of acceptance.

This law applies to storms as well as gentle winds, to single hours of obser-
vations as well as to monthly and yearly means.

662 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Buchan has rendered a great service to meteorology by extending Buys-Ballot’s
law to the general phenomena of the winds of the globe. He collected a great
deal of information as to the mean pressure of the air, and drew isobaric lines,
i. ¢., lines of equal pressure of the air reduced to sea-level, and by considering
the prevailing winds he proved that they generally followed Buys-Ballot’s law.
As this work, ‘Mean Pressure and Prevailing Winds of the Globe,” is very
important in the discussion of the winds, I make-the following extracts from it :—

“ Distribution of Atmospheric Pressure in December, January, and February.

“In these months the highest pressures are grouped over the land of the
Northern Hemisphere, and the larger the extent of land, the greater the pressure.
‘The area of high barometer (thirty inches and upwards) embraces nearly all of
Asia, all Europe south of the North and Baltic Seas, the North Atlantic between
15°-48° N., the West Indies, North America except the North and Northwest,
and the Northern Pacific between 8° and 24° N. ‘There are also two regions of
high pressure of comparatively small extent, the one in the South Atlantic, the
other in the South Pacific.

“The regions of low pressure are: the northern part of the North Atlantic and
North Pacific, including portions of the continent adjoining; the belt of low
pressure in the equatorial region, towards which the trade-winds blow, and the
remarkable depression in the Antarctic region which is probably subject to little
change throughout the year.

“In March the pressure diminishes over Asia, the middle and south of Europe
and the United States. Everywhere else except in the tropics it is rising. ‘This
rise of pressure is most apparent in the temperate regions of the southern hemi-
sphere. In the north of the Atlantic it is rapidly rising, the average pressure in
Iceland now being 29.609 inches, thus showing an increase of 0.34 inch in com-
parison with January.

“In April, the heavy lines indicating a pressure above the average have all but
left Asia, Europe, and the United States, and the isobars of 30 inches bound a belt
of high pressure, which completely encircles the globe in the south temperate
zone. Pressure continues to rise in the north of the Atlantic, and to the north of
North America. And it is probable that a space of high pressure (at least 30
inches) completely encircles the north pole. In this month pressure is more
equally distributed than in any other month; for, except the Antarctic Ocean, it
scarcely rises anywhere above 30.1 inches nor falls below 29.8. In May, in North
Europe, in Greenland, and in the north of North America, pressure attains the
maximum of the year. Pressure continues to increase in the south temperate
zone, and the isobar of 30.1 now nearly encircles the globe. At this time the
highest pressure in the southern hemisphere occurs in the S._E. of Australia,
where, at Deniliquin, it is 80.185 inches. Pressure is rapidly falling over Asia and
the United States.

“In June, July and August, pressure falls in the central regions of Asia to about
29.5, In this season this diminution of pressure, which may be regarded as entirely

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 663

determining the summer climate of Asia, reaches its lowest point. Pressure falls
also in the interior of North America, where, at Salt Lake City, it is only 29.7
inches. ‘The annual maximum of the south temperate zone is attained in these
months. ‘The isobar of 30.1 goes entirely round the globe, and a still higher pres-
sure prevails over South Africa, and the portions of the ocean immediately to the
west and east of it. In these months the arrangement of the isobars may be
regarded as being, generally speaking, reversed from that of December, January
and February, and in this respect a comparison of these two groups of months is
very instructive.

“From this period, pressures increase over the continents of the northern hemi-
sphere, and diminish over the south temperate zone, till the distribution of pressure
is regained which has been shown to prevail during the winter months.

“In September and October an interesting feature of these lines is a very rapid
diminution of pressure, indicated as taking place in the north of the Atlantic and
surrounding regions. ‘This is the season of the year when the first great decrease
of temperature takes place, which is accompanied by heavy rains and furious
storms. The increase of pressure in Sweden in October, taken in connection
with the simultaneous decrease in Greenland, Iceland, the north of Norway, and
the British Islands, is interesting as bearing on the transport of masses of the
atmosphere from one region into another.

“In November, pressure rises considerably over the continents of the northern
hemisphere, and falls in the south temperate zone. And the belt of low pressure
in the equatorial regions may be regarded as passing completely around the
globe. ‘This belt, towards which the trades on each side of the equator blow,
does not occur in the summer months in the Indian Ocean; but, on the contrary,
there is a continuous diminution of pressure northward, from Australia and Mau-
ritius to the interior of Asia. It will be seen that in November, as compared
with October, the isobars have advanced a little northward from the British
Islands to Iceland, and eastward from Baffin’s Bay to Iceland, thus indicating a
general increase of pressure over the north of the Atlantic and regions adjoining.
Coincident with this increase of pressure, there occurs a diminution of pressure to
the southeast of it, including Austria, Italy, and countries adjoining the Mediter-
ranean; and in the Atlantic to the south of it, from about latitude 15°-45° N.
Probably these extensive oscillations of pressure are part of a general movement
of the atmosphere, which, in one of its manifestations, has been generally known
to meteorologists as the great November wave, but of which no very satisfactory
account has yet been given,” (Buchan, p. 577-579.)

Winds within, or near, a space of Low Pressure.— Of this class, the best exam-
ple is the low pressure which prevails in the north of the Atlantic and adjoining
regions in the winter months. This region of low pressure is bounded to the S$.
W. by the high pressure of North America, to the S. by the high pressure in the
Atlantic, about 30° lat. N., to the S. E. by the high pressure in the interior of
Asia. In January, the difference between the average pressure of Iceland and the
interior of Asia is fully an inch.”

“It is seen from the charts that in Batfin’s Bay and east of the Rocky Mountains,

664 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

as far south as 40° lat., the winds are N. N. W., N. W., and W.N. W. Crossing
the Atlantic, winds in the British Islands, in France, and the north of Germany,
from the W. 8. W. to S. W.; in Denmark, 8. 8. W.; near Bergen, in Norway,
S.; and at Christiansund and Hammerfest, $. 8S. E. The relation of these winds
to the isobaric lines is the same as that which is illustrated by the winds in storms,
in their relation to the isobaric lines of these storms. This has been already
stated in a paper by the author, published in the Transactions of the Royal Society
of Edinburgh, Vol. XXIV. Part I. p. 201, in the following words: ‘The wind in
storms neither blows round the centre of least pressure in circles, or as tangents
to the concentric isobaric curves, nor does it blow directly towards that centre.
It takes a direction intermediate, approaching, however, more nearly to the direc-
tion and course of the circular curves than of the radii to the centre.’ Or, ac-
cording to Dr. Buys-Battor, the angle is not a right angle, but from about 60°
80°. ‘This relation is usually called ‘ Buys-Batuor’s LAw or THE Winps.”*

‘“‘ Another well-marked depression is the low summer pressure in the interior of
Asia; with reference to which it is seen from the charts that the winds of Eastern
Europe and Western Asia are from N. W. to W. N. W. and W.; at Ceylon,
S. W.; at Shanghai, §. E.; and on the Sea of Okhotsk, N. E.; whilst in the inte-
rior, calms generally prevail.” .

“The behavior of the winds, as regards the low pressure of North America, is
exactly similar to that of the winds in Asia at thisseason. In all these cases the
wind appears to flow round and in upon the space where pressures are low. Even
in those instances where the depression over a limited space is comparatively small,
such as in Australia during the summer months, the winds observe the same
course with respect to it.”

“ A well-known and remarkable diminution of pressure is that of the Antarctic
regions; and though, except in Tasmania and the south of New Zealand, observa-
tions are wanting at particular points for a sufficiently long time to give good
averages, yet the concurrent testimony of sailors and the inhabitants of these
regions all goes to show that, at least on the outskirts of the region, winds are chiefly
N. W. or W. N. W.—that is, they appear to flow in upon the space of low pres-
sure, The low pressure in the equatorial regions, towards which the trades blow,
is an illustration of the same principle.”

“Winps within, or near, a space of High Pressure.—The most prominent illustra-
tion of this is the high pressure in the interior of Asia in winter. It is seen from
a single glance at the charts that the winds flow out of this space in every direc-
tion. The same outflow is seen with respect to the less strongly marked, but still
very distinct space of high pressure in North America; owing to the large number
of stations available here, this principle is amply illustrated,

“The next most noteworthy area of high pressure occurs in summer between
Africa and North America, out of which also the charts show the winds blowing
in all directions towards and round upon the surrounding low pressures.”

“The following mean pressures, in inches, at 32° and sea-level, occur in Australia
in June: At Brisbane, Queensland, 30.062; Sydney, 30.116; Melbourne, 30.178;
Adelaide, 30.132; Freemantle, 30.121; and at Deniliquin, in the interior, on a

* For Prof. Coffin’s determination of this angle, as 65°, see page xxv.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 665

branch of the Murray River, 30.217. Hence a higher pressure occurs at this
season (winter) in the interior, and it may be inferred that it is greatest in the
southern portion of the interior. The prevailing winds are these: At Brisbane,
S. 8S. W.; Sydney, W. by N. W.; Melbourne, N.; Adelaide, N. E. by N.; Free-
mantle, N. E. by E.; in other words, the winds blow out from this space of high
pressure.”

“This behavior of the winds with respect to spaces of high pressure differs in no
respect from what occurs on particular days on which the isobaric lines present
the same conditions of pressure. Mr. Francis Garon first drew attention to this
peculiarity, under the name of Anticyclones, by which name he intended to convey
the idea that im cases of high pressure occurring over a limited area, the course of
the winds is exactly the reverse of what is seen to prevail in cyclones in which the
winds blow round and in upon a space of low pressure.”

“The outflow of the air from a region of high pressure, and the inflow upon a
region of low pressure, appear to be reducible to a single principle, viz., the princi-
ple of gravitation. Given as observed facts the differences of pressure, it might
almost be predicted, before calculating the averages, what the prevailing winds are.
Indeed, so predominating is the influence of gravitation, that it may be regarded
as the sole force immediately concerned in determining the movements of the
atmosphere. If there be any other force or forces which set the winds in motion,
their influence must be altogether insignificant as compared with gravitation.”
(Buchan, p. 581 to 583.)

This last passage of Buchan may be more distinctly expressed: in the action of
gravity in restoring the equilibrium disturbed by unequal temperature. With a
uniform temperature over the whole earth, there would be no wind. In illustra-
tion of the dependence of the wind on the difference of pressure, the map of
isobars, Plate 14, as well as Plates 2, 4,5, 6, and others, should be consulted.

Having given the above examples of the manner in which the winds are affected
by atmospheric pressure, it is necessary to account for the origin of areas of high
pressure, out of which, it is seen, the winds flow.

It must be said that this question is one of the most difficult in meteorology,
and far from having received an entire solution.

As the tropical regions present the meteorological phenomena in the simplest
form, it is best to begin with them. It has been known fora long time, that above
the lower current of the air of the trade winds, flowing in the lower latitudes of
the northern hemisphere from N.E. or E. N.E., there exists an upper one from
about W. 8. W. ‘The existence of this current was proved by the movement of
the highest (cirri) clouds always from some westward point, from the strong west-
erly winds on high mountains in the trade-wind region (the Chimborazo and others
in equatorial South America, the peak of Teneriffe, etc.), from the transport east-
ward of ashes from the eruption of the voleanoes on the island of St. Vincent,
(West Indies), and Cosiguina (Central America), and also from the direction of
the smoke of very high volcanoes of the tropics. The supposition was then made,
that there was a powerful ascending current over the belt of calms and rains near

the equator, and that the air thus ascended flowed in the upper regions of the
84 July, 1875.

666 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

atmosphere, in a direction contrary to the trade-winds, towards the polar limits of
the latter, or to about 30° N. lat. and descended there.

‘Then the same principle was extended to dry, hot continental areas, where a
powerful ascending current must exist on account of the heating by the sun, and
this was proved by the great decrease of pressure in summer time,

Buchan extended the idea af ascending and descending currents further, sup-
posing there was an ascending current over every area of low barometer, not only
near the equator and on warm continental areas, but also in high latitudes, as on
the North Atlantic, the North Pacific, ete. This air, he supposed, descended over
areas of high pressure, as for example those existing in winter in Northern Asia
and North America. Thus the supposition is, that the air flowing out of areas of
high barometers, to a certain extent, comes from above, and again where the baro-
meter is low, air ascends and flows in the higher strata, towards areas of high
pressure,

I must repeat here, that this is a supposition, though a very plausible one, and
that the actual facts which would prove the existence of such upper currents,
with the exception of the so-called counter-trades in the region of the trade-winds,
are very scarce. ‘To these principles I would refer the direction of the wind at
Dodabetta in the Neilghiris, in Southern India (above 8000 feet), which is nearly
opposite to that observed in the lower strata in Central India, being from the N. W.
in summer, that is, from the heated regions of the Punjab, where pressure is very low.
In the lower regions, the winds on the contrary are S. E. and §., that is, the air
is flowing towards Punjab. Another remarkable fact -is the strong, constant, and
warm W. wind observed in winter on some mountains near Lake Baikal. At that
time of the year, the air is generally calm in lower regions, the cold intense, and
pressure high. This west wind of the higher regions would thus seem to be a
compensating current, flowing perhaps from Iceland towards the region of highest
pressure of Eastern Siberia.

The observations on two of the highest peaks of the Rocky Mountains, above
14,000 feet, have failed to show an upper current of air blowing in a direction
different from the lower one. As we have said before, our information as to upper
currents is very scanty, and thus great caution seems yet necessary in drawing
conclusions.

On the other hand, the influence of pressure on the winds near the surface of
the earth is so well authenticated and reliable that we need not hesitate to base
further conclusions on it.

The greater part of the earth being covered with water, we can first consider
what would be the case if there were no intervening continents. What in this
case would be the normal arrangement of pressure on the oceans? A belt of low
pressure near the equator, a belt of high pressure at about 30° north and south,
and a belt of low pressure about from 60° to 65°, after which the pressure would
rise again towards the pole. This gives us three systems of winds at the surface
of the earth, easterly (polar) in the lowest latitudes, westerly (equatorial) in the
middle latitudes, and again polar in the highest latitudes, in each hemisphere. A

=

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 667

reference to the maps shows that, in the main, such is the actual arrangement of
pressures on the oceans and on parts of the continents.

It is easy to see that this is the general conclusion arrived at by Prof. Coffin in
his “‘ Winds of the Northern Hemisphere.” The main result is thus the same, the
study of the winds, alone having shown that this is the case in a great part of the
globe, while what we have said as to the pressure of the air shows at least the
proximate cause of the prevailing winds. In how far this normal arrangement of
winds is disturbed by geographical features, especially by the influence of the
continents, will be shown later.

A further condition is the yearly movements of the belts of high and low pres-
sure with the change of seasons. When the sun is in the zenith over the northern
hemisphere, the seas under it will be more heated than the southern seas, and the
equatorial belt of low pressure, which is also on the seas, the belt of highest
temperature, will move northward. Owing to the great specific heat of the water,
and consequently to the longer time it takes to cool, this northward movement will
continue nearly to the end of the summer. On the other hand, the belt of low
pressure in the higher latitudes will also move northward as the temperature rises
near the poles, and the storm-tracks can take a more northerly course. The belt
of highest pressure between the two of lowest must also take a more northerly
position, as the air flows both north and south out from it. There can be no doubt
that it holds an intermediate position between the two.

When the sun is in the zenith over the southern hemisphere, the reverse takes
place: the equatorial belt of lowest pressure recedes southward, and also that in
higher latitudes of the northern hemisphere, as the polar regions are so much cooled
that the condensation of vapor there cannot sustain great barometric depressions.
These normal or ideal conditions are realized to some extent on the surface of the
present oceans, and are the more striking, the larger the bodies of water are. Gene-
rally the southern hemisphere has meteorological conditions which approach more
nearly to the normal conditions than the northern. Thus, it will be seen by refer-
ence to the map of the isobars that the high pressure in about 30° really encircles

the globe in the southern hemisphere, while in the northern, the pressure is highest

in January at about latitude from 50° to 53° N. in Asia, and in July the pressure
is very low, about 30° L. N. on the same continent. Again the low pressure about
from 60° to 65° encircles the globe in the southern hemisphere, the difference of pres-
sure under the different meridians not being great, and further south (especially
from 70° to 78°) somewhat higher pressure and easterly winds are found. In the
northern hemisphere, on the contrary, the lowest pressure is found on two elliptical
spaces, in the Northern Atlantic, about Iceland, and in the Northern Pacific, about
the Aleutian Islands, that is, where a great extent of water prevails at about 60°,
and the ocean is abnormally heated by currents of warm water.

We thus see that at a distance from the influence of water, the above-stated
normal conditions are very much interfered with.

If the earth consisted mainly of continents without intervening oceans, very
different conditions would prevail. As continents are more rapidly heated than
oceans, temperature would be highest very soon after the passage of the sun

665 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

through the zenith of a parallel. The greatest heat in our summer would be
about the Tropic of Cancer, in our winter about the Tropic of Capricorn, and
this would also be the belt of low pressure at that time. ‘The S. E. trade would
cross the equator into the northern hemisphere when the ‘sun has a northern
declination, and the N.E. trade follow into the southern hemisphere during the
other half of the year, giving a variation of the inner limits of the trades of
perhaps 40°, instead of the 10° or 12° which are now observed. Further,
as dry continents cool also more rapidly, the cold in the polar region of each
hemisphere during the winter would be more intense than now, extending to
the whole polar region, and coinciding with a very high pressure.

These hypothetical conditions are much more imperfectly realized than those I
have sketched before, as the extent of continents is much less than that of oceans.
The nearest approach to realization is on the greatest continent, that of Asia,
where the highest pressure of winter is a little north of 50° N. If it is not found
further north, it is because the continent does not extend much beyond 73° N.
In summer, on the contrary, we find the highest temperature in N. W. India
between 30° and 35° N., and also the lowest pressure there and in N. China,

The larger the continent the more it approaches to the ideal conditions I have
supposed. In Africa, for example, there is a belt of lowest pressure in summer at
about 17° N., and the highest temperature is probably still more to the north.

The narrower continents of North and South America are more under the in-
fluence of oceans than Africa.

As already seen, the highest mean pressure on the surface of the globe is found
in winter on the Asiatic continent. It is necessary to mention here a feature of
the climate of this continent, explained by geographical conditions, which has a
great influence on the winds, namely, the steadiness of pressure in winter.
Pressure is so constant here that, though the barometrical range generally increases
with latitude, it is not greater at Jakutsk in N. E. Siberia, under 62° N. L., than
in Vienna in Central Europe, Lat. N. 48°, or even in St. Louis in North America,
under 39° N. L. The coldest and heaviest stratum of air over Eastern Siberia is
prevented from flowing towards the south and east, where pressure is low, by the
intervening mountains and plateaus, from 3000 ft. to 5000 ft. high. So long as the
cold of winter continues, pressure must, therefore, be high over the cold region
of Northern Asia. As it is low in the Pacific Ocean and the equatorial regions,
air will flow there from the region of high pressure above the mountains and
plateaus. But, as above said, the coldest and heaviest lowest stratum cannot
flow towards the Pacific on account of the intervening heights; the quantity of
air moving in this direction will not be great enough to supply the deficiency.
Thus pressure being lower the whole winter in the S, and E., the winds should
be regular from the N. and W., and this is really the case.

On the whole southern and eastern slope of Asia we see a mutual reaction of
continental and oceanic influences—the great monsoons. The Europeans were first
made acquainted with the regular change of wind and weather in India through
the campaigns of Alexander the Great. Not only did the Greeks see this change
themselves, but they also learned from the natives with how great a regularity this

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 669

change took place; how in all this region the winter was the dry, clear time of
the year, and summer the rainy season. The navigators of the sixteenth and
seventeenth centuries knew that the monsoons extended much further east than
India—to the Indo-Chinese Peninsula, the Sunda Islands, and Southern China.

The cause of the monsoons is this: in our winter the continental regions of Asia
are cooler than the surrounding seas, and pressure is higher, The air flows from
these towards the equatorial calm-belt in the Indian Ocean, and towards the region
of low pressure in the Northern Pacific, as a N. E., N., N. W. or W. wind. As the
pressure is continually lower on the seas than on land at this season, this flow of
air is very constant. As the air comes from the interior of the continent, and
generally also from higher latitudes, i. ¢., from colder regions, the season when
these winds prevail will be a dry season, as the vapor contained in the air will be
further and further from its point of condensation the further south and east it
flows.

In our summer, pressure is very low over a great part of the Asiatic continent,
owing to the heat and ascending current produced by it; therefore the air of all
surrounding regions will flow towards Asia, and the movement will be especially
rapid in and near Southern and Eastern Asia, as the greatest oceans of the world,
the Indian and the Pacific, approach Asia in this direction.

Pressure is higher on the oceans in summer on account of the comparatively cool
temperature which prevails there. ‘Thus the movement of air will be reversed,
and the wind in summer will blow from the S. W.,S., S. E. and E. This sawmmer
monsoon will also be very steady, as the difference of pressure is nearly always in
one direction during the whole summer—lower on the land.

Not only is the direction of the movement of air different in summer from that
prevailing in winter, the influence on the weather is also different. As the air
drawn towards Asia has to pass over a great extent of warm equatorial seas, it is
laden with vapor, and this vapor will be deposited in copious showers, especially
when it meets a mountain chain, which compels it to rise into higher and cooler
regions of the atmosphere. Thus the swmmer monsoon is the time of cloud and

rain for all Eastern and Southern Asia, or the wet monsoon. ‘There is no doubt

that the condensation of vapor, giving out its latent heat, is a new and powerful
cause for the continuance of the movement in the same direction.

The influence exerted by the heated continent of Asia is so powerful that there
is no equatorial calm-belt in the Indian Ocean during our summer, but pressure
decreases steadily from about 25° §. L., the polar limit of the S. E. trade, till about
30° N. L. in Northern India, the S. E. trade crossing the equator, and being thus
converted into a S. and 8. W. wind. On the eastern coast of Asia the tendency of
air to flow towards the continent similarly acts on the N. EH. trade of the Pacific
Ocean, which is drawn in as an E., 8. E. or S. wind. We see here the normal or
oceanic conditions very seriously disturbed by the influence of the great conti-
nental mass, Asia.

I must correct here an error which is frequently made, #. e., limiting the mon-
soons to the tropical part of Asia, 7. e., India, Indo-China, and Southern China.
Even on the new Pilot Chart published by the British Admiralty in 1872, this

670 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

error exists. It can be easily explained thus: in the tropical seas adjoining India
and Southern China, the direction of the wind is N. E. in winter and 8. W. in sum-
mer, and seamen were accustomed to consider as monsoon regions those only where
winds of this direction were found. The further north we proceed along the coast
of Eastern Asia the more the summer winds become 8. E. and E., and the winter
winds N. W. and W., yet there is good reason to consider Eastern Asia to the 60°
N. L. as belonging to the monsoon region, because here also the winds in winter
are from the land; in summer, from the sea, they bring dry, clear weather in the
first season, and rain in the second; and last, not least, at both seasons they are
very constant. (See Maps, Plates 4, 6.)

For these reasons I consider China, Japan, Mantchooria, the basin of the Amoor
River, and the western coast of the sea of Ochotsk, as belonging to the monsoon
region.

As to the constancy of the winds I would remark, that the inner regions of India,
as, for example, the northwest provinces, Oude, Central India, Punjaub, are
generally considered as being situated in the monsoon region, yet the winds are
not so constant here as in Japan and the Russian Amoor Provinces,

The continent of Australia may also be considered as belonging to the monsoon
region, only the periods are reversed, 7. ¢., our winter is the rainy season there,
our summer the dry time. At this season regular 8. E. winds are experienced in
the northern part of Australia; they may be considered as the S. E. trade, strength-
ened by the comparatively low temperature and high pressure on the continent.
‘They blow towards the Sunda Sea, and, further on, cross the equator, to appear as
the S. W. monsoon on the coast of South China. In our winter, on the contrary,
pressure being highest in Asia, and very low in the dry, hot interior of Australia,
the N. E. monsoon of China crosses the equator and appears as a N. W. monsoon,
bringing clouds and rain to the northern coast of Australia. In these meridians
the juxtaposition of the continents of Asia and Australia on the north and south
of the line, gives additional strength to the monsoons. Here no equatorial calm-
belt is found, neither in our summer nor in our winter, while it exists south of
India in the Indian Ocean, as there the monsoons can be said to be single, caused
by the Asiatic continent alone, while further east they are double, Asia and Aus-
tralia both exerting an influence.

It may be asked why the whole Asiatic continent, being equally heated in summer
and the air rarefied, does not exhibit monsoons of equal magnitude coming from
the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans?

The reason is this: on the Arctic Ocean, pressure is also low in summer, though
probably not so low as indicated in Buchan’s map of isobars, and besides it is not
steady, as on the tropical seas. Yet there is a northern wind coming from the
Kara Sea, and blowing through Western Siberia to Central Asia, but it is not as
steady as the monsoon of India and China. Besides, as this wind comes from a
colder region, it does not bring rain, and thus the secondary influence—condensa-
tion of vapor, which is instrumental in producing the monsoons of Eastern and
Southern Asia—is not effective here. There flows also a current of air, and a
very powerful one, from the Atlantic Ocean towards Central Asia; but, as it

‘DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 671

is not from the tropical part of the ocean, it cannot bring much rain and pro-
duce the secondary areas of low pressure caused by condensation. Besides, the
region of high pressure on the Atlantic is far from the low pressure of Central
Asia, and near to that about Iceland; so that the movement in the first direction
cannot be very constant. As to the air from over the lower latitudes of the
Atlantic Ocean and the Western Mediterranean, it is attracted towards Africa,
which is highly heated in summer, and open to the winds from the surrounding
seas.

The geographical features of the North American continent explain why pres-
sure and winds are so different over it from what is seen in Asia.

The coldest region of America is known to be to the north of the continent, on
the islands and ice-bound seas and sounds north of 70°. Ice and snow being bad
conductors of heat, the streams of warmer water are thus effectually prevented
from having an influence on the air, and the ice-bound seas to the north of
America can cool as well as continents.

But, as the coldest space north of the American continent is not separated by
mountains and plateaus from the surrounding regions, there cannot be such a
constant high pressure there as on the corresponding coldest space of Asia. It
will be remembered that the lowest pressure of the northern hemisphere, especially
in winter, exists near Iceland, which is partly due to the warm waters of the Gulf
Stream. The coldest regions of America are not separated by any natural barrier
from this space, and thus air, even from the lowest, heaviest strata, should flow
towards Iceland. ‘That this is the case, is shown by the winds in Greenland and
on the most northerly stations of the American continent; they are northerly to a
very large extent. Probably the easy intercommunication between the coldest region
of North America and the region of low pressure near Iceland, explains why the
former has not a high mean pressure in winter. Having not a constantly high
pressure, the polar regions of America cannot influence the winds in the temperate
and tropical regions of this continent as the coldest region of Siberia, with its
constantly high pressure, does influence the temperate and tropical regions of Asia.
Next, we find a generally high pressure to the south of the United States, on the
Gulf of Mexico, as well as on the western highlands and plateaus of the conti-
nent, in lat. from 30° to 40° N. Probably, also, pressure is high to about 60°
lat. N. on the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains, where, the winter being
cold, the Rocky Mountains in the west not permitting the air in the lower strata
to flow towards the Pacific, and the depression about Iceland being far away, there
exist all conditions for a high pressure. But barometrical observations from this
region are wanting.

Thus, the Mississippi Valley and seaboard of the United States have in winter
regions of high pressure to the S. and W. of them; 7. e. they are exposed to the
influence of winds from different directions, of which those that come from the S.
are warm and laden with vapor, and thus able to ‘sustain the precipitations
necessary to the progress of storm-centres, while the air from the W. and N. W.
is cold and dry.

A country generally level, subjected to such different influences, must have a

672 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

very variable climate, and this is known to be the case in the United States.
Nowhere in the same latitudes are the variations of temperature and pressure so
great and sudden as in the Mississippi Valley and in Texas. On the Atlantic
sea-board the variation is somewhat less, owing to the slight protection afforded by
the Appalachian Chain.

In summer again, there are no parts of North America which are as strongly
heated as the interior parts of Asia, none also where pressure is as low, and thus
there are no monsoons comparable in strength and constancy to the summer mon-
soons of Asia. Especially is this the case with the eastern part of the United
States, where the land is so much pervaded by the influence of the sea that there
is scarcely a summer depression of the barometer. The Gulf of Mexico is situated
just in the latitudes where pressure would be lowest on a great continent, and,
owing to the relative coolness of the air over great bodies of water, pressure is
nearly as high over the Gulf in summer as in winter. Yet, as there is a rarefac-
tion of the air in the interior and western part of North America, there is a mon-
soon wind drawn in from the Gulf of Mexico to supply the deficiency. ‘The mean
direction of the wind is southerly in summer over a great part of the United
States east of the Rocky Mountains. It is more 8. E. in Texas, and S. and even
S. W. in the States north and northeast of it, partly due to the earth’s rotation, and
partly also to the influence of the lower pressure in the lake regions on the air
over the Gulf of Mexico. On the Atlantic coast the winds have some monsoon
features (as was shown by Prof. Coffin in 1848) but still the flow of air is much
more from the southwest than would be the case in a real monsoon region, the
ocean being to the east. ’

If, aside from disturbing influences, we consider only the mean direction of the
wind, the influence of the Gulf of Mexico is seen to be paramount over a large
and important region of the United States, extending from the Mississippi to the
Appalachian Chain and from 34° to 42° N. L. The mean direction of the wind
is about W. 8S. W. at all seasons, with a ratio of resultant of about 30. The cause
of this is, that pressure is highest at all seasons to the S. and lowest to the N. and
N. E.

Tlaving now considered the influence of the pressure of the air on the direction
of the winds, the influence on force remains to be shown.

It is easy to conceive, that, the influence of pressure once acknowledged, this
influence would be the greater, the nearer areas of high pressure approach areas
of low pressure, or, in other words, the nearer any given difference of pressure was
found to exist. It was to be supposed, that the more this was the case, the greater
would be the velocity of the winds. This has been found to be really the case.

This difference of pressure relative to distance was called by Stevenson barome-
tric gradient. This term of barometric gradient may be applied to the mean
direction of the wind, and the rate of progress, as well as to any given single obser-
vation. ‘The more the isobars are crowded together, the steeper is the gradient,
and the greater will be the velocity of the wind, all other conditions being the
same.

There are conditions well known to science in a general way, although not

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 673

measured with accuracy, which prevent all winds from reaching the same velocity
even if the relative distance of the isobars be the same.

These conditions must be considered in brief.

Tn the lowest stratum the velocity is lessened on account of friction on the sur-
face of the earth, while the higher are also more or less affected by the friction of
the different strata on each other.

The winds on the ocean will be less affected in this way, because of the smooth
surface of the water. ‘The greater velocity of the wind on the sea is well known.
The figures published in the “ Quarterly Weather Reports” of the Meteorological
Office, of London, very clearly show the decrease of velocity in the interior of
Great Britain even in level parts of the country.

The following table shows this for the United States. I give the mean velocity
of the wind in a group of inland stations (Kastern New York) compared with that
of the sea-coast (Cape Cod and adjacent islands) and also with the summit of
Mount Washington, the highest peak of the New England States.

Mean VELOCITY OF THE WIND. MILES PER Hour.

Winter.

a

| Eastern New York . .| 4.1

Mount Washington!. ./19.5, ...

Cape Cod and islands .| 7.8

Mount Washington having the freest position, the strength of the winds there
must be considered as more nearly normal than at the other places. ‘The N. W.
winds are the strongest, both summer and winter. But in the vicinity of Cape

Cod, the N. E. winds coming over the smoother surface of the sea, are the

strongest.

It is safe to present the following rules for the velocity of the wind. It is greater:

1. On high isolated peaks, than at low stations.

2. On the seashore, and especially on isolated islands, than in the interior of
continents.

3. In level countries than in countries surrounded by mountains.

4, In prairies, and especially desert countries, than in wooded regions.

These rules apply to the local positions only. But we may remark that it is
possible to mention some regions where the velocity of the winds is greater, others
where it is less, than the average over the whole earth.

To the latter belong the equatorial calm-belt, and the calm-belts at the polar
limits of the trade-winds. It would be wrong to imagine that any point on the

1 One summer and two winters, 1870-71, and January, February, and December, 1872.
85 July, 1875.

674 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

surface of the earth has perpetual calms. ‘The calm-belts themselves are not
constant, but move in the different seasons, and besides, the calms are more or
less frequently disturbed.

In the trade-winds belts also, notwithstanding calms are very rare, the velocity
of the wind is probably less than the average of the globe.

Probably the part of the earth where the winds have the greatest velocity, is
found between 40° and 60° Lat. S., where very strong westerly winds are prevailing
the whole year. The cause of this is the great difference in the pressure of the air
at a small distance, or in other words the steep barometric gradient.

The great difference of the mean velocity of the winds blowing over a region,
and of the progress of the air in a certain direction, should be borne in mind.
Where the winds are weak, but always from one direction, as in the trade-wind
region, the total rate of progress measured in miles will be considerable, frequently
greater than in regions where strong winds blow from different directions. It is
even possible that the winds may be so counterbalanced by one another, that there
will be no resultant direction, so that the definite result, as far as progress of the
air is concerned, would be the same as if absolute calms had prevailed all the time.

So far as regions are considered, where the mean direction of the wind does not
vary, or varies but slightly in the different seasons, the mean annual direction with
rate of resultant, gives a tolerably fair idea of the character of winds in such
regions,

It is quite different where regions with very great variations in the yearly direc-
tion of the wind are considered. Here the annual direction will give but a very
imperfect idea of the character of the winds. This is the reason’ why, as far as
possible, I have always placed at least two contrasting seasons, summer and winter,
in giving the percentages of the winds and the mean directions in the small tables_
which follow, and serve to illustrate the winds of different regions of the world.
This is also the reason for constructing the two maps, Pl. 5 and6. ‘The same atten-
tion has been given to this subject by Prof. Coffin in his extensive tables arranged
in Zones, in Series B of this work, the number of observations being given gene-
rally for the four seasons, sometimes even for each month. How far the considera-
tion of the annual result alone would mislead, the following table will show:—

Ki
oO
~
4

Summer. Winter.

Mean
direction,
Rate of
resultant
direction.
resultant.
direction
Rate of
resultant

57°-58° N. L.—Hastern Scotland
Greenwich, England. . ... .
50°-55° L. N., 0° to 65° long. W.—

fer)
So
°

Atlantic Ocean. . .
N. W. Ohio
Middle Tennessee
Hakodade, N. Japan
Pekin, N. China é
Madras, Southern India
Colombo, Ceylon .

Mntntintmnmmn won
AA manic ny

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF THE WINDS. 675

It is seen from the foregoing that in Western Europe, on the Atlantic Ocean and
in a certain region of the United States, the mean direction of the wind in the
year, summer and winter, is between S. W. and W. S. W.., and the difference be-
tween the two seasons very small. If the rate of annual resultant is not greater,
it is because at all seasons there are many winds coming from other directions than
the prevailing one.

In Pekin and Hakodade the mean annual direction is nearly the same as at
the above named places, but the ratio of resultant is small for another reason:
the winds of summer and winter being nearly opposite to one another, the resulting
annual movement is small. Yet at each of the seasons the winds are very steady.
The angle between the mean direction of the wind in winter and summer is 142°
at Pekin, and 133° at Hakodade, or more than 2 of a circle, and only from 3°
to 20° at the above cited places of Kurope and America. Again, the mean annual
direction of the wind and ratio of resultant, in Southern India and Ceylon, are very
similar to those observed in Europe, but the mean direction of winter and summer
nearly opposite to one another, with an extremely great ratio at both seasons, there
are conditions as dissimilar as possible to those of Western Europe.

In the pages which follow, the results to be drawn from the observations on the
winds are considered by geographical divisions.

676 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

SPECTAL DED UCTHOM Ss:

GREENLAND AND ARCTIC AMERICA.

Tue information we have on the winds, as well as on the general climate of
Arctic America and the adjacent islands, is more extensive than that on any other
Arctic region, Northern Norway excepted. Our knowledge of these regions is
mostly due to Arctic explorations. ‘The Arctic Archipelago, north of the American
Continent and west of Greenland, was explored almost continuously by British
expeditions for more than thirty-five years (1818-1855), in search of a northwestern
passage.

The results of these expeditions are of high value to science, especially as the
inducements to explorations in this direction can scarcely ever return. ‘The bays
and straits between the islands are probably the most ice-bound in the world.

Smith’s Sound and Northern Greenland have been explored by the American
expeditions of Kane, Hayes, and Hall.

According to the most authentic Arctic authorities, Smith’s Sound offers the
best route to the Pole, the sea between Spitzbergen and Nova Zembla perhaps
alone excepted. It is entirely frozen only a short time, and does not present
serious obstacles to navigation in steamers. ‘This gives us reason to expect further
knowledge of those regions which were so successfully penetrated by American
explorers, with very inadequate means at their disposal.

A German expedition wintered in Eastern Greenland, 75° N. Lat.

We know much less of Western Arctic America; few expeditions having win-
tered there west of 100°. Our knowledge of the interior of British America is also
less than of the Arctic Archipelago, though it is much more easy of access. More
information relative to this region is very desirable.

Our knowledge of the climate of Arctic regions generally having been mainly de-
rived from observations made in the Arctic Archipelago of Agnoriea and in Smith’s
Sound, it is necessary therefore to inquire into the geographical position of these .
regions. They are situated from nearly due north to W. N. W. of Iceland, where,
as was stated above, exists the lowest pressure of the northern hemisphere, nearly
the whole year round, but especially in winter. This must lead to the prevalence
of northerly and westerly winds. Accordingly in the stations in Smith’s Sound
northeasterly winds were found dominant, owing to the influence of the strait, and
also to the position, N. N. W. of Iceland. (See Map, Pl. 2.)

There are great discrepancies in the results obtained at the different stations,

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 677

but these are easily accounted for, if we remember that the period of observation
was short, mostly one year only, and that the climate of the Arctic regions is very
changeable; still there are some differences in the direction of the winds which
can only be ascribed to their geographical position. Thus Northern Greenland has
the greatest prevalence of the true polar winds, northeast, and this is due in no
small degree to its proximity to Iceland, as well as to the open water of Smith’s
Sound near a very cold continental area.

The most northerly stations west of Smith’s Sound, as Northumberland Sound
and Port Refuge, have the least amount of northern winds. This is, no doubt,
owing to their distance from Iceland, and, probably also, to a partly open sea to the
northward of them. If there is really an open sea in this direction, the pressure
there must be lower in winter than on the ice-bound straits of the Archipelago.
This would give rise to southerly winds to equalize the pressure, and thus explain the
greater number of these winds in Northumberland Sound and Port Refuge. They
do not prevail at these places, because the depression about Iceland is still felt
there as well as the depression which must exist on the open waters of Davis’
Strait and Smith’s Sound. As the other stations of the Archipelago, except Mel-
ville and Dealy Island, are much nearer to Davis’ Strait, they must feel its influ-
ence much more, while a great extent of islands and frozen bays and sounds sepa-
rate them from the northern partly open Polar Sea.

The prevailing northerly winds in summer can be explained partly by the same
cause as those of winter—the low pressure about Iceland. It is true the barometer
near Iceland is not as low in summer as in winter. But in the Arctic zone of
America the pressure rises also, especially from February to May; in the last-named
month it is the highest of the year in most of the stations of this region.

It is probable that the pressure continues to rise in the circum-polar zone till
July, thus causing the northerly winds of Arctic America. At this season air is
also drawn towards the interior of North America, especially towards the region
between the Rocky Mountains and 95° W. Long.

Arctic America is noted for its frequent calms in the colder part of the year—a
feature observed by nearly all who wintered in these regions. ‘They are, however,
recorded in a very discordant manner in the journals of observations, showing
there was a great difference in the meaning of the word “calm.” This want of
agreement has prevented a more elaborate discussion of this phenomenon, one of
the most important in regard to the movements of the atmosphere.

Dr. Bessels has calculated the percentage of what he calls “absolute calms,” for
the hours when a self-registering wind-vane did not indicate any movement of air
whatever, for the second winter-harbor of the U. 8. Expedition, under Capt. Hall,
at Polaris House or Lifeboat Cove.

Hours of Absolute Calm in 1000.

November, 1872, 74 January, 1873, 298 March, 1873, 188
December, ‘“ 47 February, ““ 179 DXoat = 2 ati)
May, COP KS

Average for seven months, 140.

I should remark, that in many of the stations the proportion of calms increases

678 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

towards March and April. In these months the cold is still intense in this region,
and the pressure generally higher, so that barometric poles or areas of highest pres-
sure are frequently met with. They are generally accompanied with calms or light
winds. On the other hand, the indraught towards Iceland is less, as pressure has
also risen there. (See Tables, Zones 2, 3, 4, and 5.)

In cold continental areas of lower latitudes, especially in Siberia, the greatest
number of calms will be experienced in mid-winter, the time of lowest temperature
and highest pressure. In March and April, when temperature is much higher,
pressure decreases, and so also the number of calms.

The following figures give the percentage of winds in Greenland. Winter and
summer are chosen as the two contrasting seasons of the year."

Winter.

Greenland.

N. W.

Polaris Bay,? No. of obsert’ns
iy es em milesi®: =

Lifeboat Cove,?observations .
“ “

:
ee

Port Foulke

Upernavik

Jacobshavn and Godthaab .
Sabine Island,’ East. Green’d

i=)

Ow ob
NaArHOoOnNaNww
HPWOopMoOonw

a
e

Polaris Bay, number of observations .
Polaris Bay, number of miles A
Lifeboat Cove, number of observations .
Lifeboat Cove, number of miles

Sabine Island, number of observations .

All these stations except Sabine Island are situated on the western shore of the
greatest island of the world, an island covered with large sheets of ice, and the
temperature of which is much below that of the surrounding seas in winter, spring,
and autumn; Smith’s Sound is open the greater part of the year, though bearing
large floating icebergs. Monsoon winds must be expected in these conditions, and
this is really the case.

The winds of Polaris Bay* have a peculiar interest, this being the most north-
erly station at which civilized man has ever wintered.’ Polar winds prevail largely
in spring and winter. Yet there is a great difference between the N. E. and E.
winds. ‘The second prevail if the number alone is regarded, but the N. E. prevail

+ In all cases, except when specified, the percentages are calculated from the winds collected by
Prof. Coffin.

2 From the observations of Dr. Bessels, of Capt. Hall’s Expedition.

’ Observations of the Second German Polar Expedition, under Capt. Koldewey.

‘ T owe this information on the winds of Polaris Bay and Lifeboat Cove to Dr. Bessels, who has
kindly permitted the use of his observations.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 679

largely if we take into account the number of miles. And this may be done
safely, as the expedition of Capt. Hall had an anemograph of Robinson’s plan.
The east winds then seem to be a weak local land-wind, caused by the difference
of temperature of land and sea. The N. E. winds, on the contrary, are the true
polar currents, flowing towards the barometric depression about Iceland.

In summer the S. W. wind prevails as to time, but the excess is on the side of
the N. E., if the number of miles is considered, but of much less amount than
in winter and spring.

In the second winter station of Capt. Hall’s party, Lifeboat Cove or Polaris
House, as also in Hayes’s Station, Port Foulke, in the vicinity, the N. E. prevail
even more than in Polaris Bay in winter and spring. The W. and N. W. are en-
tirely wanting.

In the tables of Professor Coffin, the winds at Rensselaer Harbor, Kane’s
winter station, were recorded with reference to the magnetic direction. As the
magnetic declination is known to be 108° 12’ W., I give below the true mean
direction of the wind in this locality, and also that recently calculated by Dr.
Bessels for Polaris Bay. In the Map, PI. 2, the true direction is given.

Rensselaer Harbor. Polaris Bay.
Rate of Progress.
By Hours. By Miles. Mean direction. Miles.
Snrineeree ts, Se 75°R, 8. 87° E. N. 38° E. 6279
Summer . : ; 5 Sh 1 Wy, S. 36° B. So. BO Wii, 1828
Autumn . , : N. 78° E. S. 86° E. N. 26° BE. 2685
Winter . ; F 2 ING G59 19. N. 68° E. N. 21° HE. 4394
Year ° 2 6 5 Sb KO? 19, S. 89° H. Ws O° 13h, 11,392

The observations of Rensselaer Bay are thus shown to agree, to a considerable
extent, with those of the surrounding stations. The winds are more easterly than
at Polaris Bay at all seasons, and do not vary as much as at that station, the
difference between winter and summer being only 91° instead of 161°. See Map,
ele.

The Danish settlements of Northern and Southern Greenland (all on the west
coast of the island), Upernavik, Jacobshavn, and Godthaab, have largely prevailing
east winds (from the land) in winter, and west winds (from the sea) in summer.
As the force of the winds has not been accurately ascertained, we cannot say whether
the N. E. are much stronger than the East, as in Polaris Bay. In the summer
the rocky surface of the interior (as Greenland is not all covered with ice) is
highly heated by the sun, it draws in the air from the colder sea, which is
cooled by the large number of icebergs floating southward.

We know much less about Eastern Greenland, the country being entirely
uninhabited. Yet the 2d German polar expedition having passed a year near
Sabine Island, 75° L. N., near the coast, we are able to say that the prevailing
winds are N., especially in spring, autumn, and winter, while S. winds are nearly
as frequent as N. insummer. The N. prevail here to a less degree than the N. E.
at Lifeboat Cove and Port Foulke; but it would be rash to decide from so short
a period and so few observations that the polar winds are really less prevailing in
the east than in the west of Northern Greenland. ‘The eastern coast of the island

680 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. Z

being nearer to Iceland, where pressure is low, we might infer that the contrary
should be the case, if all local influences were eliminated. Nearly all the storms
near Sabine Island come from the N., and the mean force of this wind is very
much greater than that of any other wind.’

The constancy of the polar current in Northern Greenland is indirectly proved
by the small precipitation of rain and snow. ‘The quantity of snow falling at
Polaris Bay and Lifeboat Cove was scarcely measurable, according to Dr. Bessels.
He thinks the glaciers of Northern Greenland are the remnant of a former age,
when the climate was different. The snow and ice that melt in every summer are
not now replaced by new snow, so that the glaciers must be decreasing.

The German expedition did not encounter a heavy snow-fall, and the parties who,
in sledges, explored the interior, were quite astonished at the constant brilliancy of
the sunshine of the Greenland summer.

In Arctic countries the sea is warmer than the land in the mean of the year;
during a very short time only, in summer, are the conditions reversed. The pressure
is generally higher on land, so that we must expect to see a prevalence of land-
winds in the mean of the year. In looking at the map of the polar regions (Plate
2) an easterly mean direction is seen to prevail in all stations in Greenland, that
have the open sea to the westward; and a westerly in the stations of the Arctic
Archipelago, which have the sea to the eastward.

By sea, is meant here the more or less open waters of Baffin’s Bay and Davis
Strait, and not the more ice-bound straits and inlets of the archipelago. Ikog-
mut and St. Michael in northern Alaska have easterly winds, directed towards
Behring Strait. In Ustyansk, in the extreme north of eastern Siberia, the mean
yearly direction is nearly due south—as we might infer from the fact that the Arctic
Ocean lies to the north of this place. Hammerfest, Vardo, and Bossekop, in ex-
treme northern Norway, have also prevailing southerly winds for a similar reason.

The extreme prevalence of land-bound (Mediterranean) seas, north of the North
American continent, greatly affect the character of the region considered in a
climatic point of view. As land-bound seas in these latitudes will be also ice-bound,
the air over them would cool as over a continent, so that places situated on the shores
of such seas will have a cold continental climate in winter, spring, and autumn.
This cold will not, however, be followed by a comparatively warm summer, as is
the case on polar continents far from the influence of the sea. The melting ice
over the sea absorbs the heat of the sun’s rays. Thus we have a continental cli-
mate during three-quarters of the year, and an oceanic during the remaining sum-
mer quarter. This is the case in the Arctic Archipelago. It has one of the
coldest climates of the world, the winter being even colder than in northern Green-
land, and only a little warmer than in Iakutsk in eastern Siberia, and the summer
also extremely cold.

The percentage of winds is as follows :—

1 See “Die Zweite Deutsche Nordpolarfahrt,” Leipzig, 1874.

ES

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 681

Summer.
| |

ie a Ey el WEN ets E E
Z/A\Alalulaje lalallala ialalale| 2
Zone 3, No. 3. Port Refuge . . shes 15] 10) 28) 18) 6| 9] 6 15) 5] 1) 4 38) 29| 3| ‘oa
“ 3, “ 1. Northumberland Sound . . 4/28) 3] 11] 13} 12) 7 21| 7| 20] 3) 20] 6] 10) 4/80
“4% Ai Melvillelsiland . . . . . |28| 5] 4 11/ 13] 7 20] 12//46\0.3] 13] 6] 6] 11 938i 19
« 4% 4! Dealy Island. . . . . . | 22/ 14) 2! G| 9] 15] 11/22/1838! 7] 111 GI Gl 3] 5) 24
« 4, 9.8. E. Boothia Felix . . . |26| 15] 5| 4| 11) 10| 12] 16/29] 6| 4| 6| 17/12] 6| 21
elo Port Kennedy, observations 4| 25] 8|3.5/1.8/5.5] 14] 38//2.4| 16 olo-3lo.1| 2} 12! 67
“ 4, & 10. miles. . . |,2.6) 21) 6)0.4)/ 0.5/4.5] 12) 53/|2.4) 15] 0/0.1/0.1/1.6] 13/68
“ 4 «© U1. ee siran 6 6 6 6 0 6 | TG) MM) Ta) GPT TOO) GH Fl) Wil “Slo
« & © GL lilt 6 Bo 6 0 6 6 || 2 i GP) ZA a SE re aN ey i) ca ale aval eys)
Gb © §). Writes 5 5 6 6 |6 16| 8] 8| 10) 12) 9] 13) 23/| 27) 3] 2) 5/06] 2 gl52a

ec lleebatinisn Bays ener LS ia L4ieTOl O14) es \i13) hana |
Oo AG Tey le ie aoa ee ee Wee faa oy ai 8 By se

The prevalence of the N. and N. W. winds is here strongly marked, especially in
winter. At twoof the stations more than half of all the winds come from the N.W.
The exception presented by Port Bowen, where EK. winds largely prevail in winter,
is explained by the large land-mass to the E. ‘The winds of the inland and western
stations of Arctic America, as well as the Arctic Ocean in their vicinity, show more
uregularities.

Summer.

Percentages.

2030 6, No. 8. Fort Simpson
en se 7. Fort Norman
6, Nos. 10, 11. Forts Enterprise and Reliance 4

cS
iN)
bt

5, No. 5. Fort Franklin
‘© 4. Fort Anderson . . ti
«¢ 3. Fort St. Michael’s, Alastor 4
«¢ 5. Ikogmut, Alaska 0
, Behring’s Strait, 172°-160° W.. .
OG C: 177° H.-160° W. =
W. Arctic Ocean, 155°-175° W..
7, No. 16. York Factory .
«< 17. Little Whale River

at

bo i
OD wra1o Oo oO

ord ee es ee

a

From the foregoing table it appears that in Northern British America (Forts
Norman, Simpson, Enterprise, Reliance, Franklin, and Anderson) there is no ac-
cordance in the direction of the winds. They seem to vary much according to
locality. This is a very cold region, and being continental, calms are much more
prevalent in winter than in the Archipelago. We must expect to find here higher
pressure in winter than further to the east, because the depression about Iceland is
not so near.

The great distance of the Atlantic depression and the mountains which lie
between this region and the Pacific depression, also explain the undecided charac-
ter of the winds in winter.

We have fewer observations in the summer. Among these, Fort Franklin has
prevailing E. winds, coming from Great Bear Lake, where the ice does not melt
till the end of the summer.

In Alaska monsoon winds are seen to prevail from the N. E. (the land) in winter,

86 July, 1875.

682 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

S. W. in summer. In Behring Strait southerly winds are also more numerous in
summer, while the Arctic Ocean northward of it has northerly winds at the same
season.

In the last two stations lying near Hudson’s Bay, a monsoon influence is exhibited
in the S. winds of winter. ° Hudson’s Bay does not freeze entirely, and thus the
wind will blow towards it from the land. (See Maps, Plates 5, 6, and 14.)

TEMPERATE ZONE OF AMERICA WEST OF THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS.

On the coast of Alaska and further south in Washington Territory, the winds
have a monsoon character. ‘The cause of this is the difference of temperature and
consequently of pressure on land and sea, producing a current of air from the land
in winter, and from the sea in summer.

It is necessary to remember that the warm current of the Kuro-Sivo, the Gulf
Stream of the Pacific, passes, in its return to the south, near to this coast, and there
must be a diminished pressure over the region, at least in the colder part of the
year. The interior of the continent is very cold at that time, and therefore the
pressure of the air must be high there.

In the summer there is a narrow cold current passing between the coast and
the Kuro-Sivo, while at the same time the interior of the continent has a great
excess of temperature over the coast, and, as in other dry and warm continental
areas, the pressure must be low.

There is no country of the world where the temperature of the summer increases
so much as we go from the coast to the interior as on the Pacific slope of America,
from Alaska to Lower California. ‘The summer isotherm of 59° passes near San
Francisco on the coast of California, and is supposed to reach the polar circle on
the Yukon River, in the interior of Alaska, a difference of 28° in latitude. Fort
Miller, in the interior of California, has a summer temperature of 85°.5, and Mon-
terey, on the coast, and in the same latitude, but 59.0; difference 26.5 F. The
percentage of winds in Alaska and Washington is given below, and, with the help
of the maps, Pl. 5 and 6, will serve to illustrate the winds of this region. Plate
14 gives the atmospheric pressure.

Summer. Winter.

Isl. of St. Paul,! Alaska, Beh-

pbb, Ob oo) oO
Tluluk, Aleutian Islands!
Fort Wrangel .

Fort Tongass .

Sitka . ae
N. W. Washington
8. W. Washington

MAID AIH Oo

_

' From Report of Chief Signal Officer, 1874.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 683

If, as was said before, the winds of this coast have monsoon features, these
monsoon winds do not overpower others, especially in winter. At that season of
the year the pressure is high in the latitude from 25° to 35° N. on the coast of
California, and in the same latitudes on the Pacific Ocean. Winds from this re-
gion are quite frequent, and passing over the warm waters of the Japanese cur-
rent, give a very warm climate to the whole coast. The winter temperature of
Sitka is equal to that of New York, and above that of St. Louis.

It seems to me that the S. EK. winds which are so frequent on this coast, are,
partly at least, the deflected S. W. winds of the Pacific. The mountain-chains
give them a direction from the S. 8. E.

The Aleutian islands are very near to the centre of lowest pressure on the
Pacific, at least in winter. They occupy a position similar to that of Iceland in
the Atlantic; the same may be said of the island of St. Paul in Behring Sea.
The storms are frequent and severe, and the winds polar and equatorial in turn,
without a marked predominance of either. In summer the centre of depression
moves to the northward and inland, and accordingly the winds are principally
from the south.

In Washington Territory the winds of the coast-region are very similar to those
of Sitka. In the interior of Washington and Oregon the winds have no strongly
marked monsoon character. (See also Maps, Pl. 5, 6, 8, and 11.)

Summer. Winter.

Percentages

Washington .

5. E.
N. E. Washington
N. E. Oregon

The S. W. is here the prevailing wind, winter and summer, as in the same lati-
tudes on the oceans and in Europe. We must see in these winds a continuation
of the equatorial current of the Pacific, which crosses the coast-ranges and
descends into the valleys, while part of it is deflected by these mountains and
appears as a S.E. wind at Sitka. The winds of California differ in some respects
from those of the northern Pacific coast. They are westerly at all seasons of the year,
more S. W. in winter and N. W. in summer. ‘The winds of the summer are very
strong and steady, giving to the California coast a peculiar climate—a summer
colder than anywhere in the same latitude even in the southern hemisphere. In
some places the prevailing winds in summer are S. W., and the mean direction also
south of W. This is probably due to the position of the coast, so that the S. W.
seems to be a local sea-wind. At San Diego the number of miles was also ob-
served, and I have calculated separately the percentages for the number of obser-
vations and for the number of miles, in the three summer months.

684 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

San Diego

H No. of Observations
H No. of Miles.

Thus the N. W. wind largely prevails if the number of miles is taken into
account. ‘The following is the percentage of winds in California, Oregon, and
Nevada.

Winter.

N. W. Oregon . .

W. and 58. “W. Ore gon

N. W. California. . . «
California, lat. 39°-40° N. .
California, lat. 38°-39° N. .
California, lat. 37°-38° N. .
California, lat. 36°-37° N. .
W. Nevada . >
N. W. Nevada .

E. Oregon

N. E. Oregon

8. W. Idaho

i
f=)

p=

H
TiPWO PRP Doobh

pHoabanw]S£

WORE NAH

a

WH
WOM Re eR wwo
is}

=
Ss)

=
TW OL

|
1
8
2
5 |
Ht)
6
5
5
7
3
8

mows
i
on

The mean direction of the wind in the four seasons is as follows in the same

western region of North America.

Spring. Summer, Autumn.
wean amie) Mere [ace] itese [ooee| Mean [eae
direction. | ant. direction. ant. direction. ant. direction. ant.
Tuluk, Aleutian Islands . |S. 47° W. | 11 |S. 27° W. 244 |S. 8190 W. | .223 | N. 309 W.
Fort Wrangel . |S. 64 E. | .48 |S. 36 E. 20 |S. 34 E. 03 |N.46 E. é
Puke eee Si°6" Wil, OW SRG) aVWi. 34 |S. 41 E. 29 |N.88 E. 325
. W. Washington -|S 9 W.| .273)58. 32 W. 44 |S. 26 E. 20 |S. 48 E. 17
4 W. Washington 1S. 79 W.| .20 |N.79 W. 533 |S. 64 W.| .19 8.73 E. 17
5S. W. Oregon So es ee oe me INEUI/GPAWienl (co Osa ANT yb 4 am Wire 56 West. | -17 |S. 35 Wieeeue
N. W. California . . |N.50 W.| .19 | N.32 W.| #35 |N.58 W.!| .22 1S. 36 W.| 226
California, lat. 379-389 ; long. 1210 | |
S30 Tell oalel ete, cre dte .76 W.| .528/S. 77 W. (2 Vise ANE N. Ww.
Ww. Nevada N. 4 263 |S. 81 W. 34} |N.58 W. WwW

Thus in summer, westerly winds very largely prevail in this region, while in
winter the ratio of resultant is much smaller in California and Oregon, and east-
erly winds prevail further north, as shown also by the map, Plate 8.

The geographical features of the North American continent are such as to
exclude a great part of it from the influence of the Pacific Ocean. The mountain-
chains are higher in the west than in the east, and, what is more important still,
there is a very extensive plateau occupying nearly all the western half of the con-
tinent, between 34° and 42° N. L. The eastern part of this plateau, im eastern
Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico, and in northwestern Texas slopes gradu-
ally towards the east—the valley of the Mississippi—and is thus subjected to the
influence of the Gulf of Mexico. This influence is especially felt im summer,

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 685

when the heated and rarefied air of the plains draws in that of the surrounding
regions.

On the west these plateaus are walled in by ranges of mountains, and the
indraught of air from the Pacific slope is thus prevented.

We know that there 1s a depression of the barometer in summer over the pla-
teaus of the interior, but there are yet too few observations to decide as to the
region where this depression 1s greatest. It is, however, most probable that it is
in Utah.

There is also a low region, where pressure must be low in summer, that is the
valley of the Gila and lower Colorado. ‘The heat is extreme there, Fort Yuma
and vicinity having the warmest summer in America, and the ascending current
must be very powerful. Air is drawn in towards this hot region, and, owing to its
geographical position, principally from the south, from the Gulf of California. (See
also Map of Isobars, Pl. 14, and of Winds, PI. 8 and 11.)

The following table gives the percentage of winds of the region east of the
coast :—

Winter.

Percentages.

N
ine

Fort Yuma, Cal.

N W. Arizona .

Centra! Arizona

N. E Arizona :
Ceutral New Mexico .

5S. New Mexico . fuk ree
N. W. and N. New Mexico .
5S. W. Utah . Rater arsinehs
N Central Utah .. .
W. and 8. W. Montana .

N W. Montana

N. Central Dakota

H i
He

=
GatTIrPropRATBR OS

e

5
9
8
1
4
2
0
3
9
5
8
9

WWUIAaAMNMOHMH wR OT
AwWPOWMA AONE NA

i

The predominance of southerly winds in summer, as shown by this table, is

very great, and it must be remembered that the greatest part of this region is

mountainous, and thence great local discrepancies should be expected. The period
of observation was short in nearly all cases. Considering this, the agreement
between the different regions is very satisfactory. (See Plates 8 and 11.) In Utah
there are less southerly winds in summer, and still less in Montana. But this is
easily explained. As Montana lies north of 44° N. latitude where there is no
extensive plateau, and the mean height of the Rocky Mountains is less than to
the south—the westerly winds trom the Pacifle can therefore readily reach Montana.

We should also expect to see southwesterly winds in winter in Montana, as in
California and Oregon. ‘This is really the case. In Arizona and New Mexico, on
the contrary, the winds are much more northerly in winter than in summer. I give
below the mean direction of the wind in some of the regions here considered. (See
also maps, Plates 5, 6, 8, and 11).

686 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Summer. Winter.

Mean Direction. |Ratio of Resultant.|} Mean Direction. |Ratio of Resultant!

Fort Yuma, Cal. 5.
Central Arizona. 5
N. W. Arizona 2 : q ° . 5.
5. New Mexico f - e . s.
C iS)

NS)

36° W. 230
8 W. 394
raed 364
3
26

WwW 434
N. W. New Mexico b W. 184
N. Central New Mexico . “ 29 W. 23
S. W. Utah . . : O §.52 W. -514
N. W. Montana > - . A 8. 65 W. 364
N. Central Dacotah é : c ' 5. 20 W. aly

AA tal AA cn
44444485

TEMPERATE ZONE OF NORTH AMERICA, EAST OF THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS.

This region has much in common with Arizona and New Mexico, as to the
mean direction and percentage of its winds. In summer a strong current from the _
south sets in to supply the air which is rising on the interior plateaus. In the ©
winter, on the contrary, the prevailing winds are N. W. and the mean direction
generally between N. and W. In winter the winds are more variable than in sum-
mer, and even southerly winds are sometimes experienced. The boundaries of this
region are the great axis of the continent on the W., the Rio Grande on the 8.W.,
the Gulf of Mexico on the §. E., and the Mississippi on the E. The northern
boundary is rather doubtful, but yet, as far as 45° N., winds from the S. E., S.,
and S$. W. prevail in summer. (See also maps, Plates 5, 6, 8 and 11.)

|x
N. E.
| x. Ww.
|=

E. New Mexico.

W. Texas 4

Rio Grande Valley

Central Texas. . . = «

S. Central Texas .

San Antonio, Texas, No. of ob.

San Antonio, do. No. of miles

Forts Brown and Polk with
Matamoras . .

8. E. Texas (31°-33° N., 94° —
SC aWis) as) me d= :
Eastern Central Texas wie
N. Texas, E. of 98° W. long.
Arkansas, 345—30 Nemes

Nese A Tcansas eer eecenes

S. E. Indian Territory .

N. E. Indian Territory
Central and N. E. Kansas .
S. W. and Ws Cent. Kansas
S. E. Colorado worst. oO
Central Colorado . . 5
N.E. Colorado .

N. E. Wyoming

8. Centrai and §. E. Denatalh
N.E. Nebraska . -
S. and §. E. Nebraska

S. Iowa oi :

N. and N. E. Towa.

8. EB lows? sete bss

5. E. Minnesota .

W. and Central Missouri

E. and §. E. Missouri

H

e
Woh RowaTr

SM oratpoOn
COnNoOoe

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DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 687

In Texas the winds have nearly the same direction as in Arizona and New Mex-
ico, but the percentage of southerly winds in summer and northerly in winter is
much greater. The winds in Texas have very strong monsoon features. ‘This is
due in a great measure to the proximity of the Gulf of Mexico. The state, ex-
cept its extreme western part, is wholly open to the winds from the Gulf, and they
must be strongly drawn in towards the land in summer, as the continent is much
warmer than the sea. We have seen that there is a monsoon drawn in from the
small and narrow Gulf of California to supply the deficiency in the interior. We
must expect a much more powerful monsoon from the Gulf of Mexico. Winds
in Texas, other than S. and S. E., are all but excluded from April to September.

In winter the winds are more northerly, but not N. E. or E.N. E. as in the
trade-wind regions of the same latitudes, but N. and N. W., 7. e. winds blow from the
Staked Plain and other continental areas towards the Gulf of Mexico. Yet the
prevalence of these winds, if we take the number of observations only, is not so
great as that of the S. EK. in summer. But the N. winds are extremely violent in
Texas; they are the famous northers so well known and dreaded by seamen navi-
gating the Gulf of Mexico, and also by travellers in Texas, especially because of the
suddenness of their appearance. They are especially frequent in Central Southern
Texas, about San Antonio, while the north winds east of the Guadalupe River are
not so sudden and violent, resembling in fact rather the northwesters of the
eastern States.

The cause of the violence of these winds must be sought to the southward in
eastern Mexico. ‘This country has not as regular a climate, with small barometvi-
cal variations, as other tropical regions of the same latitude. From December to
March there are frequent storm-centres, with low barometer, passing there, as also
on the eastern coast of Central America. A barometrical depression in Mexico or
southward of it must draw in the air from the interior of Texas and New Mexico,
where the pressure is high im the winter months. In April and May, when the
barometrical variations are less in Mexico, the northers are less frequent, and cease
altogether from June to September during the tropical rainy season, when baro-
metrical variation is at minimum in Mexico. ‘To illustrate this I give the mean
and extremes of the pressure of the air at Vera Cruz.’ (See also Plate 14.)

Mean. Mean Min. Mean Max.
January . 3 é : é 5 5 - 30.10 29.86 30.36
February . : é : : . ¢ . 29.99 -68 26
March : 2 3 : % 5 : a 93 61 33
April : : : ° : 5 E : -92 64 21
May et. © eee! at eee ed Le 64 09
June 3 § S 5 : z 5 , -90 13 -08
July arora Teanrca et ap. eat gem ios POG .83 06
August . : ; 3 : : c s 98 .85 13
September : 0 : 4 : : - 380.00 85 12
October . : 7 : i : A . 02 18 -20
November 3 6 5 4 6 3 10 9, «36
December 3 é : 3 ; 3 : lt 18 43

1 From the observations by Dr. Berendt, manuscript collection of the Smithsonian Institution.

688 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

In the extreme south of Texas, at the mouth and in the valley of the Rio
Grande, the S. EK. winds are much more frequent, even in winter, than in the rest
of the State. ‘his is an intermediate region, partaking of some of the features
of the Mexican climate, where easterly winds prevail the whole year. Yet the
lower Rio Grande region is subject to violent northers. This seems to lead to the
conclusion that in the other regions of ‘Texas, where northerly winds prevail
in winter, they are not all northers, there being also north winds of moderate force
blowing towards the Gulf.

The mean direction of the winds in the different portions of Texas, is as follows: —

Spring. Summer. Autumn. Winter.

direction.
Ratio of
resultant
direction.
resultant
Mean
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.

~]
ies)
°

Western Texas

BS

Central Texas, N. wi 2 30° N.

N. Texas, E. of 98° W. .

Texas, | at. 31°-32° N., long. “g4°- 97° 'W.
S. Central Texas, lat. 29° 30°,

BoB. exas, (<1 i) v. 50

Rio Grande Valley

Forts Brown, Polk andMatamoras

Wet
on
H= co

or orco Go bo bo bo bo
i>)

NATE S
bel bl dt bt dd
>~T
Se

[oo}
pa

Ca tA tA Un tn tA wn tn

The summer, as is shown by these tables, and the maps Plates 8 and 11, is the
season in which the wind is most constant, the mean direction at all stations being
between 8S. 7° E., and 8. 46° E., and the ratio of the resultant very great, except
in Western Texas. In the three last regions, nearest to the Gulf, the direction is
more 8. E., while in the more northern part of the State it is rather 8. or 8. 8. E.
The influence of the earth’s rotation is here clearly seen. The wind begins as
S. E., but soon is deflected to the south, and in its further course passes to the W.
of S.

The agreement is not as exact in winter, probably because we have only the
number of observations, and not the force of the wind. As the N. and N. W.
winds are known to be the strongest, the mean direction would be much nearer each
other in the different parts of the State, if we knew the force of the winds. Yet in
all cases it would be seen to be more easterly on the lower Rio Grande near the
Mexican frontier.

Spring and autumn are transition seasons, and in a country with monsoon winds,
as Texas, there is very little to say about them. Generally spring is more analo-
gous to summer, and autumn to winter. (See Plate 8.)

I must further remark as to the S. E. winds of the summer, that it would be an
error to consider them merely as sea-winds blowing only during the day. They —
are stronger in the afternoon, while about sunset there is generally a calm. But
about 9 P.M. the S. E. springs up again and blows till morning, when there
is asecond calm. I had occasion to observe this, in the summer of 1873, in the
country between the Nueces and Guadalupe, and old residents of San Antonio in-
formed me this was the regular course. (See the figures showing the number of
observations and the force of the wind at 7 A. M., 2 P. M., and 9 P. M., at the last

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 689

place for the year 1872. (Zone 13, No. 13.) Even at stations on the Gulf coast,
there are scarcely any land winds (N., N. W. and W.) observed in summer, which
would be the case if there was a regular alternation of land and sea breezes.

North of Texas, throughout the whole region between 34° and 44° N. and the
Rocky Mountains and Mississippi, the winds have also monsoon features, but more
subdued. ‘The prevailing winds of this region are N. and N. W. in winter and S.
insummer. ‘The cause is the same as in Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. There
are some irregularities in the mountain region (Central Colorado) but east of the
mountains, in Nebraska and Lowa, the general character is again strongly marked.
It is less the case in S. KE. Minnesota, but even there the winds are southerly in
summer, and deflected to the 8. KE. by the direction of the Mississippi Valley. In
N. E. Arkansas and in Missouri the difference between winter and summer is
still less marked. ‘This is an approach to the character of the region between
the Mississippi and the Appalachian chain, where there is no difference whatever
between the seasons, the mean direction being about W.S. W. the whole year
round. (See Plate 8.)

The tables for this work were printed before the results of observations on two
high peaks of the Rocky Mountains could be obtained, both over 14,000 feet high.
A meteorological station was established on Pike’s Peak in the end of 1873, by the
United States Signal Service, and the “ Report for 1874” contains the means of
observations for the first twelve months. I have given them in percentages, adding
the station of Colorado Springs, at the eastern base of Pike’s Peak. On Mount
Lincoln the observations were made under Professor Hayden’s geological survey of
the territories, from 21st July, 1871, to the end of January, 1874. Both Pike’s
Peak and Mount Lincoln are situated in the central part of Colorado.

Winter.
a S| | Sie eaore A a Ble ee
zl ew | ala | a | oo | EB] el a | a] | |] | | |
Colorado Springs . | 9 4 2] 10 | 33 | 12 7/81 ||30 | 3 || 11) 5 6 8 | 24
Pike’s Peak 4 8 6 5 6 | 81 | 2] 8 || 14 | 0.4) 0.8) 1 1 | 21 | 34 | 27
Mount Lincoln . 86 | 22 1 0.6) 0 1 9 | 30
Spring. Autumn.
Colorado Springs . . . . |3L} 8/4 | 20 | 16 | 4] 7 | 10
Pikessphevke so. ) 2 ss 200 | eb ai e2 7 |28 | 27 | 14
Mount Lincoln . 5

The difference between Pike’s Peak and Colorado Springs seems to give a much
greater proportion of S. W. and W. winds at the higher station, and a smaller
amount of N., especially in summer. This agrees with the generally entertained
opinion as to the prevailing direction of the upper atmospheric current from the
W.S. W. in the middlé and northern latitudes. In any case more observations are
necessary in this respect.

The mean direction of the wind in the region north of Texas is:—

87 July, 1875.

690 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Summer. Autumn. Winter.

direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction.
Ratio of
resultant
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction.
Ratio of
resultant. |

S. E. Indian Territory .
Arkansas, 34°-38° N. L.
N. E. Arkansas

N. E. Colorado .

E. Wyoming

. Central Kansas .

. E. Kansas . cae
. and Central Missouri
Missouri . .

E. Nebraska .

. E. Nebraska .

E. Dacotah .

E. Minnesota

Iowa. .

Towa .

so to
oo
we

te)

ott
te

N.
W

=
Hor
ie

nm=Zz
Tes
On

to

nAnAZAnrnnAAnny

rnin th te tain noe ta Tatn e w O
b

AAwAAAnAaaAzm ZA

44433 ehe ee ses!

Th th TD at
bee
Nwowe

Here, again, as also shown by the maps (Plates 8 and 11), summer is the sea-
son which exhibits more regularity, the mean direction being everywhere between
S. E. and 8. W. ‘The ratio of the resultant is greatest in the Indian Territory
and Kansas, z. e., due north of the Gulf coast of Texas, and far from the influence
of mountains. It is least in Missouri and N. E. Arkansas.

In winter the winds incline much more to the west than in Texas, being even
S. of west, in East Missouri, N. E. Arkansas, and in 8S. E. Minnesota, 7. e., in the
extreme east of this region. Except in these regions there is a tolerably good
agreement between the other stations.

The greatest difference between this region and Texas is seen in spring, as
shown in Plate 8, when the winds are everywhere more or less westerly, except
in the Indian Territory. Probably the cause is this: Texas being situated in a lower
latitude is earlier heated, and the air from the Gulf of Mexico is sooner drawn in.
The region here considered being further to the north, ascending currents are not
established as early. Besides, when the lowlands between 34° to 42° N. are
already heated, and an ascending current established over them, the deficiency is
partly supplied by the cold air from the plateaus lying westward, partly by south-
erly winds from the Gulf of Mexico, and partly by winds from the polar regions.
It is necessary to remember that the distribution of pressure in April and May is
not the same as in midsummer. In the region here considered, pressure is lowest
in May, while in Utah, and probably also on the lower Colorado, it is lowest in
July. In the spring the winds coming from the Gulf of Mexico will be more
westerly than in summer, because their point of attraction is more easterly in the
former season than in the latter. i

To recapitulate: There is an extensive region in the southwest of the United States
which has a common yearly period of winds, different as are its geographical fea-
tures. It includes the extreme S. E. of California, Arizona, New Mexico, Southern
Utah, Texas, Arkansas, the Indian Territory, Eastern Colorado, Eastern Wyoming,
Southern Dacotah, Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. The winds are S. E.,
S.,or S. W. in summer, with a great ratio of the resultant in the south, diminishing

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 691

towards the north and east. In winter the winds are mostly N. and N. W. This
region is equal to more than a million square miles, or about one-third of the United
States, without Alaska.

See also Maps, Plates 8, 11, and 14, which clearly show this.

To the north and northeast is a country about which it 1s difficult to say any-

thing definite. It includes the larger part of Wisconsin and Minnesota, Northern
Michigan, Northern Dacotah, and Manitoba.

The percentages of the winds in this region are:—

Summer.

|. E.

Eastern Dacotah
N. W. Minnesota .

eet

Central Minnesota . .
Northern Michigan :

N. Wisconsin (Lake Superior)
S. W. Wisconsin

E. Wisconsin .

Winnipeg (Manitoba)

=

aonawacse |Z
eHeHeLOReAe |
a

=
woohoo cnt
boarwpon

i

In Northern Wisconsin the influence of Lake Superior is clearly seen. The
winds are N. E. in summer, or from the lake; S. W. in winter, or from the land.

It must be remembered that the five great lakes never entirely freeze over, and that

the difference of temperature between the air over the open water and that over
the land must be great. On the Canadian shore of Lake Superior (for example,
at Michipicoten) the winds are N. E. in winter and 8. W. in summer. In Northern
Michigan the influence of the lake is not so clearly perceived. One of the stations,
Marquette, is situated on a peninsula, having the lake to the east, while others
haye it to the north.

Yet it seems, on the whole, as shown on Plate 8, that the winds in this belt of
country bear a resemblance to the monsoon region lying to the south, especially
the prevalence of south winds in summer, which is seen as far as Winnipeg (49°

- 52! Lat. North).

The next region we have to consider is that between the Mississippi and the
Appalachian range extending southward to the Cumberland range, and northward
to Lakes Michigan and Huron, and somewhat beyond Lakes Erie and Ontario.
The percentage of the winds is as follows :—

692 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Winter.

[x
ee
| =

| sx

a

ORO RP ROOR A OATH =Tb

S. W. Illinois

W. Kentucky

Middle Tennessee. . .-
N. and Central Kentucky
No W. Indiana. . = -
5. E. Michigan .
Toronto, Canada W. .

N. E. Ohio

W. New York .

W. Pennsylvania .
Central New York .

N. W. Virginia

Central Virginia

Middle N. Carolina

E. Tennessee

_
WCOWBKrUANIWRN ODEON oO .
—

COE MNW RARE HE DDH aw
a

I
a
a

MROOTAEMADWDWACHUABASD
i

BAT NS OMT OO AT Or 0B DD
—

He
RAMWHDORDAMOOM
OAWOINAWOARAMRW

Ce)

= Be

i
[I

eH
He

i
OantIrFunmnrwewoosik how

In the greatest part of this region 8. W. and W. winds prevail winter and sum-
mer. Looking at the isobar-chart (Plate 14) we see that at all seasons the pressure
is higher in the region between the Gulf of Mexico and 35° N. L., and much lower
near the lakes; hence there must be a south wind, which is converted into aS. W. by
the influence of the earth’s rotation. In summer and autumn the pressure is gene- .
rally higher in the south Atlantic States than in the same latitude further west, and
it would seem that 8. E. and S. winds should be frequent from this cause. But the
Appalachians do not permit an exchange of air in the lower strata, and, as the
difference of pressure is but slight, S. E. winds will not often blow over the
mountain-chains. In the winter-months pressure is generally higher west of the
Alleghanies. Air is, so to say, heaped up by the prevailing 8. W. winds. (See also
Maps, PI. 8, 11, and 14.)

The daily weather-maps of the Signal Office show that the centres of storms
generally take a course nearly along the northern frontier of the United States,
especially in the region of the lakes. The monthly bulletins, in which the tracks of
the storm-centres are laid down, show this even more clearly. Besides this, very
low barometrical minima are comparatively seldom west of the Mississippi, and
the pressure generally diminishes in the centre of a storm the further it advances
towards the east. The storm-tracks then lie mostly to the north of the region
we are considering now. ‘The winds during the passage of a storm must
then be S. W. and W. When the storm-track is more southerly, cold and dry
N. W. winds, in the rear of the storm, will be experienced. We see that in this
region the N. W. is frequently observed, especially in the winter. The storm-tracks
are, however, generally more southerly in winter than in summer.

|

.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 693

Spring. & | 5 Winter.

direction,
resultant,
resultant.
direction.
direction.
resultant.

Ratio of
direction.
Ratio of
Mean
Ratio of.

resultant.
Mean

| Ratio of

AAD A tA tay A Tn tn ta

|S. E. Michigan
} N. W. Indiana
} N. W. Ohio . .

N. E. Ohio 5
| Toronto, Canada Ww. F 5
Toronto, Motion of Upper ‘Clouds 5
# N. W. Pennsylvania
W. New York
S. W. Illinois.
N. and Central Kentuoky
E. Tennessee. .
i Central Virginia
Middle N. Carolina .

TATA TATA A TA Th i I tA aT

4444454444883;

BANC CRIA aS a A a,

See maps, Pl. 8 and 11, and for the motion of clouds, and the velocity of the
winds, Plates 1 and 13.

The different parts of this region agree very well as to mean direction of the wind
and even ratio of resultant: which generally amounts to about .30, which in winter
is great enough for middle latitudes. In S. W. Illinois as well as in Kentucky the
winds are much more southerly in summer than in the other parts of this region ;
which is easily accounted for by the proximity of these States to the trans-Mississippi
region, where, as was shown before, the mean direction in summer is nearly due
south. As there are no mountains separating the two regions, the country on both
banks of the Mississippi being generally level, we must expect a gradual merging
of one into the other. It was shown above that E. Missouri and N. E. Arkansas
are also transition regions between the countries east and west of the Mississippi.

Another exception is Toronto. The winds here were recorded with great care,
partly hourly during more than ten years, so that the difference presented cannot
be explained by shortness of the period. ‘The ratio of resultant is great only
in winter, and it seems that a great part of the then prevailing N. W. are land
winds. Lake Ontario is to the S. E. of Toronto For this reason we should
expect S. E. winds from the lake in summer, but it seems that they do not prevail
to a great extent, and that N. W. winds coming from over the colder waters of
Lake Huron also reach Toronto. The motion of upper clouds at this place, as
shown on Plate 1, nearly coincides with the course of the lower winds, being some-
what to the west in all seasons, the difference is greatest in spring, 61°, and least
in summer, 7°.

The mean direction is more northerly in spring than in other seasons. ‘The
influence of the high pressure in the polar regions is seen in this, as also that of
the lakes, covered at this season with melting ice. In the other seasons the mean
direction is very nearly S. 67° W., or W.S. W. (See Plates 8 and 11.)

To explain the accordance of observations in this region among themselves, it
must be remembered that it is comparatively old-settled, and the observations are
numerous, especially in New York, Pennsylvania and Ohio, and some of them

694 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

long-continued; while in the territories the observations are mostly for short
periods and the stations far between.

The lakes do not seem to cause monsoons of any consequence. There are, it is
true, day and night winds on their shores, but they do not extend inland to a
great distance.’

The winds of the Atlantic coast of North America, from Labrador to Florida,
have some common features, notwithstanding the great difference in latitude.

bo N.
E
lan
Fe

| s.

= 1 0
iyo} 88 |x.

Rigolet, Labrador :

St. Johns, Newfoundland
Maine, north of 46°
Montreal and St. Martins, C.
5. Nova Scotia

5. W. Maine 5 :

8. E. Maine . 3 A

N. New Hampshire °

Mt. Washington, No. of obs.
Mt. Washington, No. of miles
W. Massachusetts 2
8. I. Massachusetts

Cape Cod and adjacent islands |
Rhode Island : °

E. New York :

S. E. New York . c
Central Pennsylvania .

E. Pennsylvania . .
Penna. and 5. New Jersey .
N. and Central New Jersey .
Easton, Pennsylvania .
North Carolina, 5. of 35
South Carolina, 33°-34°.
Georgia, 33°-34° . °
Georgia, 30°-33° .

N. E. Virginia .

8. E. Virginia .

H
i

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a
=

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The general climatic features of the Atlantic slope are somewhat like those of the
trans-Mississippi region, the winds of summer being more southerly than those of
winter, the N. W. prevailing in winter, the S. W. in summer. The distribution of
pressure is here, as elsewhere, instrumental in producing this system of winds. The
region we are considering is open to the influence of the Atlantic, and as on other
oceans a belt of highest pressure is seen to prevail there about 30° L. N., as
shown on Plate 14. This would then cause southerly winds. But in win-
ter this influence is counteracted by the higher pressure to the west, in the inte-
rior of the continent. Thus, the N. W. is prevailing in the colder months of the.
year. In summer there is nothing to check the influence of the higher pressure
to the south, on the Atlantic Ocean and in the South Atlantic States. Therefore
S. W. winds are seen to prevail in summer. (See Plate 8.)

* See the examination of the winds at the Western Reserve College, Ohio, at the different hours
of the day, by Prof. Coffin, on p. 299.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 695

Yet there is a difference between the N. and the S. of the Atlantic Coast, which
will be best seen if we divide the Atlantic slope of the United States into three parts.

Summer. Winter.

New England . .

Middle Atlantic States—New
York to N. HE. Virginia.

§. Atlantic States, from 8. E.
Virginia to Georgia .

From this table it is seen that in summer the winds are more southerly in the
S. Atlantic States than in the middle ones, while in New England the southerly
direction is more prevailing. (See Plate 8.) In the case of New England this may
be explained by the direction of the coast, which is nearly from W. to E. from Long
Island Sound to Cape Cod, so as to have the ocean to the 8. Thus the already pre-
vailing southwesterly winds are strengthened by the relative position of land and sea.

In winter the differences are greater between north and south, the N. W.
prevailing much more in New England than in the other sections, while in the
| south the winds are more equally distributed between the different points of the
compass. The cause of this decrease of N. W. winds, the further we advance to
the S., is the following: The N. W. winds on this coast are a movement of the
air, tending to equalize the higher pressure in the interior of the continent with
the lower off the coast. ‘They are westerly winds deflected to the N. W. by the
rotation of the earth. The difference of pressure in winter is much greater between
the coast of Nova Scotia and the interior of New England than between the ocean
near the Bermudas and the same latitude in the Southern States. This explains
why the N. W. winds are rarer in this last section, in the ordinary course of events.
(See Plates 8 and 14.)

During the passing of storms there is yet another cause: the storm-centres in
winter pass often over New England from W. to E. In this case the winds to
the northward of the storm-track will be in succession E., N. E., N., and N. W.,
| these last appearing in the rear of the storm, being dry and intensely cold. In the
Southern States the wind will then veer from S. E. to 8. and 8. W., sometimes to

W.., that is, become much more southerly.

This distribution of the winds explains also the extremely rapid increase of
| temperature from N. to S. on the Atlantic Coast of the United States, which is
greater than anywhere else in a level country.
| That the prevailing N. W. winds of New England and the middle Atlantic
Coast are not merely local, caused by the difference of temperature of the land
| and sea, is proved by the strength of these winds. he relative prevalence of the

N. W. is much greater, if we take into account the number of miles travelled
instead of the number of observations only. (See Tables, Zones 9,10, 11.) I
give below the mean velocity, in miles per hour, for the three prevailing winds
S. W., W., and N. W. in winter. :

696 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

S. W. w. N. W.
Eastern Pennsylvania, Smithsonian Stations ,. 5 5 ; 5 Ohe) Wey ES)
Eastern New York ff a : 4 : 4 5 BI 8.7 7.4
S. E. New York & it . 5 : 3 OR 6.7 8.6
Long Island # af : : : : BONG 7.2 9.5
Mt. Washington, N. H. ; 5 5 : aoe 43.2 53.2
S. New Hampshire, Smithsonian Stations 4 Z 5 4 SG) 7.9 8.4
N. E. Massachusetts as He i 5 : : <o) S455 5.0 liga)
S. E. Massachusetts ne b : ‘ : : 5) ate ean 8.2
Cape Cod and adj. isd’s “ K : , 2 é 2) L029 10.9 20.0
S. E. Maine “ : : 6:9 6.6 1

This is also well shown by the map, Plate 13.

The great number and great strength of the N. W. winds at the top of Mount
Washington is another proof of the great mass of air which moves in this direction.
We have no observations during the winter on so high a mountain in the Southern
States, but it is probable that we should not find the N. W. winds as prevalent
there ; it is more likely that the W. or 8S. W. would be the most frequent.

The mean direction of the winds in the four seasons is given in the following
table, and also in plates 8 and 11:—

Autumn.

Rigolet, Labrador 2
Maine N. of 469. .
Montreal and St. Martins
4 St. Johns, Newfoundland
S. W. Maine 9
N. New Hampshire .
Rhode Island .
8. Nova Scotia
W. Massachusetts .
- New York .
. E. New York :
- and Central New Jersey
. Pennsylvania
. E. Virginia
. E. Virginia . 5
. Carolina 8. of 35°
. Carolina, 380-349
f Georgia, 330-340
Georgia, 309-339 .

240 W.

Ww.
Wi |)
A HS
W. |
W.
W. |
W. |
Ww.
W.
W. | .193
W. |
Ww.
W.

Gh yn on tn tn A hth nt ttt

PRDANAH MM iAm nw inmtn wn A
sl hess scl ec er al ecch l o
b 2) 2) > CO >

4444454588455

WwW
W
E.
WwW
E.

Shh tht tt th

The much more southerly direction of the wind in the five last regions, belonging
to the S. Atlantic States, is seen at a first glance, while from New York to N. E.
Virginia it is more W. 8. W. Everywhere it is between S. and W. in summer,
varying from nearly due south to nearly due west. The mean direction in the
spring is nearly the same as in the winter, somewhat to the southward. The ratio
of resultant is greater in the Middle and New England States than in the south,
both winter and summer, but especially in winter.

A noticeable feature is the northerly direction in autumn in the South Atlantic
region. It is at least 24° more northerly than in winter. This may be considered
as an approach to the trade-wind region. The belt of highest pressure on the
ocean has its most northerly position in September. As the indraught of air
towards the continent, which produced southerly winds in summer, ceases in the
autumn months, the air follows points of attraction further southward; that is,

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 697

flows towards the southern parts of the Mexican and Caribbean Seas, where the
rainy season is at its height in October. (See also Plates 8 and 14.)

The British Provinces north of the United States have mostly the same system
of winds as the latter country. This is especially the case in New Brunswick,
Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland. Here we find the same conditions as in New
England, that is, prevailing N. W. in winter, spring, and autumn, and S. W. in
summer.

In Lower Canada the winds are influenced by the direction of the valley of the
St. Lawrence, and therefore the 8. W. are more frequent than they would be
otherwise. ‘The same is the case in N. E. New York, where most stations along
the St. Lawrence show also prevailing 8. W. winds. Labrador has N. W.
winds, but the mean direction is more northerly in winter than in other parts
of the Atlantic coast, and the ratio of resultant is extremely great. In fact, the
N. W. wind in Labrador is so constant as to remind us of the winter monsoon of
the eastern coast of Asia. As is the case there, this wind is caused by the great
difference of pressure between the land to the W. and the ocean to the E., and,
as this difference continues nearly all winter in the same direction, the wind is
very constant from the N. W.

In summer the winds are from the N. and N. E. in Labrador, coming from the
ice-laden seas in this direction. The frequency of N. W. winds, even in summer,
seems to indicate that pressure is high in the interior of the continent also at that
season. The great number of lakes and morasses, which are full of ice till the
middle or end of summer, as also the long continuance of snow in the woods of
Labrador, may be the cause of this relatively high pressure. (See Plates 8
and 14.)

A very instructive table, compiled by Prof. Coffin from observations at forty dif-
ferent places in Delaware, Southeastern Pennsylvania, and Southern New Jersey,
shows the mean number of days of each month on which every wind blew. (See
Table, Zone 11, p. 432.) ‘The mean direction and ratio of resultant for this im-
portant region of the Middle States is given below.

January N. 81° W. .28 July S. 83° W. .41
February N. 78 W. .38 August S. 64 W. .26
March N.83 W. .30 September N. 89 W. .31
April 8 89 W. .20 October N.88 W. .37
May 8. 89 W. .33 November N. 79 W. .39
June 8. 84 W. .33 December N. 79 W. .44

Here, as generally on the Middle Atlantic coast, the change in the mean direc-
tion is slight, the wind being westerly im all months, andthe difference but 38°
between February, when the winds incline most to the north, and August, when
the most southerly direction is reached.

A similar calculation of Prof. Coffin for forty-nine stations in New England,
south of 45° L. N., shows the following. (See p. 360.)

88 July, 1875,

698 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

January N. 57° W. .38 July 8. 47° W. .41
February N. 59 W. .30 August §. 41 W. .254
March N.65 W. .26 September 8. 76 W. .174
April West .14 October S. 84 W. .26
May 8.48 W. .21 November N. 61 W. .34

June 8. 52 W. .32 December N. 59 W. .39

Here the change during the year is much greater than in the Middle Atlantic
States, namely, 82°, the winds being more northerly in winter and more southerly
in summer,

The region which is left to complete the temperate zone of North America is
one of transition. It partakes of the character of all the surrounding areas. It
includes the States of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida. It is bounded
on the west and northwest by the trans-Mississippi region, on the north by that of
prevailing W. S. W. winds between the Mississippi and Appalachian chain, on the
N. E. by the Atlantic region, and on the 8. by the trade wind zone of the Mexican
and Caribbean Seas. (See also Plates 5, 6, 8, and 14.)

The winds in the principal subdivisions are as follows :—

Summer. Winter.

e
Wy

N. E. Florida : .
Florida, 299-300 N. L. . 5
S. E. Florida, S. of 299 N. L. .

=

W. Florida . y . F
Florida Keys, 249-250 N. L. .
Northern Bahamas ‘
Alabama, 319-329 N. L.

Alabama, 3290-339 N. L. .
Alabama & Miss. S. of 31°N. L.
Mississippi, 310-329 N. L, .
N.E. La, & Miss. , 330-349 N. L.
S. E. Louisiana 5

eH
HH OO OOP OO TT
—

ra
TWOCOANKFNWaARD=1

ee

In this region a high pressure *is to be found the whole year round, though the
different subdivisions participate in it in a somewhat different degree, according
to the seasons. It will be seen by reference to the isobar chart that the indraught
towards the interior of the continent is so great in summer that the isobar of thirty
inches remains east of the mouth of the Mississippi in this season and has even a
more southerly position than in the winter, thus showing the great influence of the
American continent on the pressure, as it was said before that generally the belt
of highest pressure had a more northward position on the ocean in summer.

In the autumn, on the contrary, the isobar of 30 inches is found between 30°-35°
L. N., while the interior of the continent has not yet regained the high pressure of
winter, though the indraught has already ceased. At this season, as already
remarked, about the southern Atlantic States, there is a nearer approach to the
condition of the trade-wind region than at other times of the year. In Florida,
as also in Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana, the winds are decidedly north-
easterly as far as 833° N. L. The air is drawn in towards the rainy belt of Mexico
and Central America.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 699

In winter the pressure is even a little higher in this region than in summer, but
it is still higher to the northwest in the interior of the continent, and somewhat
lower in the adjoining part of the Atlantic. The mean direction of the wind is

then more northerly, or even northwesterly, as shown in the next table, and the
maps, Plates 7, 8, and 14,

Winter.

Spring.

direction.

resultant.

Ratio of
resultant.
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction.

t i Ratio of

N. E. Florida 0 : 6
Florida, 29°-30°N. L. . 3
S. W. Florida, 8. of 29° N. L.
S. E. Florida, 8. of 29° N. L.
Northern Bahamas c
Florida Keys 4 6
W. Florida . ; 5 , ; 5
Alabama, 31°-32° N. L. 5 0 0
Alabama, 32°-33° N. L. P ; 6
Alabama, 33°-34° N. L. c . :
Mississippi and Alabama, 5. of 31° N. L.
Mississippi, 31°-32° N. L. . :
Mississippi, 33°-34° N. L. .
Mississippi, 34°-35° N. L. .
N. E. Louisiana . ; 0
E. Louisiana, 30°-31° N. L. .
8. E. Louisiana . ¢ a

ZW a aA Wt A

WERNER

Roo
DD bY Re GO CO

oo
Grek

bs

ja
Sa)

We

Probar ras gnbdee

.

PRIA TA TAA TA ta 1 WO AT
So
or

tel Se et bd ed dd ad a bt

PReEHOS
MAHOSODH

ZABRAnAaBaaasaAA

a TA 0h tn a ta wa tn TA ATA CAA ta cat

The Florida Keys and the Northern Bahamas belong approximately to the trade-
wind region, though, owing to the powerful influence of the continent, the winds
are K.S. E.in summer. But this is also the case in the West Indies. In the other
seasons the mean direction is nearly E. N. E., and the ratio great, though certainly
not so great as further south, in the middle of the ocean, where it often attains from
.80 to .90. The same may be said of 8. E. Florida, only the winds are less regular,
as is seen by the smallness of the ratio of resultant.

On the northern shore of the Gulf of Mexico, and to about 32° N. L., the winds

are northeasterly in autumn, but the ratio of resultant is so small as not to warrant

the calling of this a region of trade-winds. Pressure is high at this season, and a
little lower on the Gulf, but the difference is very small. Besides this, the variations
of pressure and temperature are great here in winter. When a belt of low pres-
sure, a storm-centre, reaches the upper Mississippi, air is drawn from the Gulf to
supply the deficiency. South winds, with high temperature and abundant pre-
cipitation, are the result. In spring and summer the Gulf States have southerly
winds from the Atlantic and the Gulf. They then prevail to a greater extent than
the northeasterly winds of winter.

I give below the mean direction for the year, and the ratio of resultant, to show
how nearly balanced are the different directions, except in the Northern Bahamas,
Florida Keys, and S. E. Florida, where the N. E. movement is well marked. (See
also Plate 3.)

700 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

.45 || S. W. Florida

+33 || E. Louisiana

.063 | W. Florida

-12 || Alabama, 31°-32°
.12 || Mississippi, 33°-34° .
.064 || Alabama, 32°-33°
.183 || Alabama, 33°-34°
414

N. Bahamas

8. E. Florida

Alabama and Mississippi, Sh of 31°
N. E. Louisiana

N. E. Florida 5
Mississippi, 31°-32°.
Mississippi, 34°-35° .
Florida Keys

ADAM WIA A A

Except the last-named areas, we find a ratio of .20 in E. Louisiana, where it is
due to the combination of the $8. E. winds of summer, spring, and autumn, with
the N. E. of winter. Then we have .184 in the extreme N. of Miss., which
belongs approximately to the zone of S. W. winds between the Mississippi and
Appalachian chain, All the others have a very small ratio.

TROPICAL NORTH AMERICA AND WEST INDIES.

Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies are in the belt of trade-winds,
but these are modified by the land-masses of North and South America. ‘There is
a great difference between the east and west shores of the first two countries.
In the east, on the Atlantic Ocean, the heating of the continental areas increases
the force of the trade-winds, or we may better say, induces monsoons blowing from
the sea to the land in a direction but slightly different from that of the trade-wind
itself.

On the western shore, on the contrary, the direction of the monsoon would be
more or less opposite to that of the trades. If, as is the case near the tropics, the
land is not warmer than the sea in winter, we shall have trades in this season
near both coasts, the direction of the wind being nearly the same, and very dif-
ferent winds in the summer. ‘This is the case in Mexico. We do not have ob-
servations on the western shore of that country, but can supply them by ship-
observations taken on the Pacific Ocean, near the Mexican shores. (See Maps,
Plates 3, 5, 6, and 7.) ‘The percentage of winds is—

Winter.

Pacific Ocean—
25°-30° N., 105°-125° W. | 3
20°-25° N., 105°-115° W. |
15°-20° N., 110°-120° W.
Vera Cruz . 6 . A
City of Mexico

The N. W. winds of summer, the Mexican monsoon, as it is called, are seen to
prevail especially between 20°-25° N. The cause of this may be that Northwestern
Mexico, as also the adjoining part of the United States on the lower Colorado, is
much more heated in summer than the zone between 15°-20°, which has at that
time the regular tropical rains. As to Vera Cruz, it seems that the frequency of
the N. winds is partly local, at least in summer, as the winds in the Mexican Gulf

a

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. TOL

are rather E. S. E. at that season. (See Plates 5 and 14.) The mean direction of
the wind is given below for the last-named places, as well as for others in Mexico,
the West Indies, and Central America.

Spring | Summer. Autumn. | Winter.
SS leea|| sc ee | SS [ee ss pee
Pacific Ocean— | |
Lat. 25°-30° N., long. 105°-125° W. N. 28° W.!.85 || N. 10° W..77 || N. 25° W.!.67 || N. 24° W. .62
Lat. 20°-25° N., long. 105°-115° W. N. 56 W.|.70 || N. 67 W.!.60 || N. 37 W.|.53 || N. 23 W..48
Lat. 15°-20° N., long. 110°-120° W. N. 20 E. |-73 || N. 20 W..39 || N. 33 E. /.55 || N. 32 E. .82
Lat. 15°-20° N., long. 90°-110° W. N. 46 W.|-70 || N. 662 EB. .21 || N. 26 W.|.43 || N.16 W..34
Monterey, N.E. Mexico. S236) HS. 59) IS. 4s me 82) S045 Bes) | Ni 38 E33
Cordova, E. Mexico 0 0 - -. |N. 36 &, |.363/|N. 53 E. '.49 || N. 46 HE. |.392/| N. 45 E. .28
Vera Cruz, E. Mexico. N. 87 E.|-25 | N.78 E. .21 ||. 5 E. |.40 || N. 22 E. .373
N. Coast of Tehuantepec N. 29 HE. |.183)| N.54 EH. .44 || N. 38 E. .26 || N. 53 E. .324
West Indies— | H | |
Havana, Cuba . N.78 FE. |.62 || N. 80 E. '.703'| N. 79 E. |.69 || N. 69 E. .68
Turk’s Island, 8. Bahamas N. 71 E. |-67 || S. 64 HE. .52 | 5. EH. |.553 || N. 78 E. .633
Jamaica, Porto Rico, San Dominzo and |
Sombrero Island N. 73 E.|.61 || N. 81 E. |.58 || N. 83 4H. |.67 || N. 73 E. .52
Barbadoes . . S. 85 E. |.874||N. 88 E: '.87 |S. 86 E. !.85 || N. 76 EH. .89
City of Guatemala . . 2 : N. 69 W.'.033)| N. 32 E. .41 || N. 44 E. |.62 || N. 41 E. .76
Pacific Ocean, 5°-10° N., 75°-90° W. 8. 22 W.'.16 || S. 47 W..58 || S. 42 W..43 || N. 28 W. .30
Costa Rica. . . A N. 61 EH. |.92 || N. 74 E. |.51 || N. 58 EH. |.382 || N. GO E. '.82

(See also Plates 5, 6, and 7.)

In the West Indies the direction of the wind is nearly due east, and the ratio
of resultant great, especially in Barbadoes. Here we have the real oceanic trade-
wind. About Havana the case is different. Cuba is sufficiently large to have
monsoons, but as we have observations on the northern coast only, the result of
the ascending currents of the summer in the interior of the island is to give addi-
tional force to the already prevailing EK. N.E. winds. Observations on the south
and west coasts of Cuba and San Domingo would show another distribution of
winds. It is said by travellers that the Republic of San Domingo, in the eastern
part of that island, is subject to the full force of the trade-wind, and the climate
less hot, and healthier than could be expected, while Hayti, in the west, has not
as regular trades and a hotter climate.

The eastern coast of Mexico has not as regular trades as the West Indies under
the same latitude. In winter especially, the barometric range is great, and ac-
cordingly the winds variable; the sudden cold northers are especially noticeable in
winter. They appear when pressure is very low in Mexico and Central America,
and high in Texas and New Mexico. The appearance and course of the storm-
centres, on which depend the Mexican northers, have not been investigated as have
those of the United States. The northers extend far beyond the eastern coast of
Mexico. The coast of Honduras, as far as Omoa, is subject to them, and they
pass even over the low Isthmus of Tehuantepec to the Pacific coast. (See Map,
Plate 6.)

On the north coast of Tehuantepec the mean direction of the wind is more
northerly than in the rest of Mexico and the West Indies. This is no doubt due
to the relative position of land and sea. In the city of Guatemala southwest winds

702 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

are as frequent in spring as northeast. This is the result of the great heat of this
region, when, under the influence of the nearly perpendicular rays of the sun, a
powerful ascending current is induced. The deficiency is supplied both from the
Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and, in the latter case, probably by air from the
S. hemisphere. In the summer Guatemala has its regular rainy season, and the
heat decreases. (See Plate 7.) On the Pacific Ocean, between 5°-10° N., near
the coast of Central America, the movement of the air is already from the south-
west, except in winter, showing the equatorial belt of lowest pressure to be about
10° L. N. In Costa Rica, nearly in the same latitude, in a plateau between the
Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, the wind is still N. E.—that is, the regular trade.
(See Plates 5, 6, and 7.)

The republic of Nicaragua lying in a depression between the Atlantic and
Pacific Oceans, but with its settled part nearer to the latter, is said to have also
very regular trade winds, so that its climate is thought to be one of the healthiest
in the tropics."

The contrary seems to be the case in San Salvador, which has high mountains to
the N. E. It is said to have the hottest climate of Central America. Probably
there is a monsoon from the Pacific Ocean the whole year round, as under this low
latitude there is little difference between the temperature of winter and summer.

SOUTH AMERICA.

There are very few observations on the winds of tropical South America, and,
but for the regularity of the climate of these low latitudes, and the general deserip-
tions given by scientific travellers, we would be at a loss to say anything definite
about these countries.

The same may be said relative to barometrical observations, which furnish the
key to the winds. They were made nearly exclusively on the coasts, and we do
not know how far the extensive plains of South America modify the pressure of
the air, if there is a depression there, at all comparable to that existing in the
interior of Asia, Africa, and North America.

‘The want of accurate determination of heights would prevent our knowing it,
even were barometrical observations more numerous. When we have barometrical
observations from the temperate zone and see the pressure of summer fall much
below that of winter, we judge that there must be a depression of some magnitude,
even if, the accurate height of the station being unknown, we are unable to reduce
the barometrical observations to sea-level. Not so in a tropical country, especially
near the equator. The change of seasons can scarcely be said to exist, and, be the
pressure higher or lower in the middle of a continent than on the oceans, it will
not change perceptibly during the year.

Yet, summing up what we know of the physical geography of South America,
we can hardly expect a very low pressure there, especially in the equatorial Ama-
zonian region, as it is covered with dense forests, and the heating by the sun and

’ See Squier, Nicaragua. Wagner, Naturwissenschaftliche Reisen, ete.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 7038

consequent ascending current cannot be much greater than on the ocean. We should
rather expect a great barometrical depression in the treeless llanos of the Orinoco,
and in the Pampas of the Argentine State, or in the Campos of southern Brazil,
as shown on Plate 14. The last two regions being sub-tropical in greater
part, the difference of season is well marked. We do not possess a single annual
series of observations in the Pampas and Campos, but already Rio Janeiro, Monte-
video and Buenos Ayres, as well as the stations of Chili, have a lower pressure in
the warm months of the year.

In studying the winds of South America, the physical geography of this con-
tinent must be borne in mind. It is separated into two very unequal parts by the
chain of the Andes, which runs near to the western coast. The mountains are so
high, between 9° N. L. and 40° S. L. as not to permit any interchange of air in the
lower strata. The eastern part of South America is generally level, having but two
mountain systems of any importance, that of Brazil and that of Guiana, which
were not inappropriately compared to the Alleghanies and the Canadian plateau in
eastern North America.

These secondary mountain chains of South America have no great influence on the
course of ithe winds, the whole extent of the continent to the eastern slope of the
Andes being subject to the trade-winds, and the effect of the continental mass is
here rather to intensify them.

This is especially the case on the Amazon, as stated by all travellers who have
been there.' They say the eastern wind is very regular, especially in the dry season,
June to November, blowing at times with the strength of a gale. In the rainy
season, especially on the upper Amazon, it is less regular, being frequently inter-
tupted by calms and westerly winds. There can be no doubt as to the general
accuracy of these facts, notwithstanding the want of long-continued observations.

We possess, also, an admirable description of the course of the seasons on the
Ianos (treeless plains) by A. Von Humboldt. The regular blowing of the trades,
the clearness of the sky, and want of rain from November to May are particularly
noticed there. The appearance of the rainy season is announced by shifting of the
wind toS. W. The countries on the lower Orinoco (see Plates 5 and 6) are in the
region of the northern trades, while the southern trades are already dominating
on the Amazons.

There is a region between 1°-3° N. on the Rio Negro which seems to have
prevailing calms and rain in all months, according to Humboldt and Wallace.

We have observations from Venezuela and Guiana, where the winds are as fol-

lows.’

1 See Hartt’s Geol. and Phys. Geogr. of Brazil; Bates, the Naturalist, on the Amazons ; Wallace,
Amazons and Rio Negro; Martens, Reise nach Brazilien; Herndon and Gibbon, Explorations

of the Amazon. ;
2 To prevent confusion I give the months of observations for the equatorial regions and the

southern hemisphere. In the tables ‘“ Winter” always means December, January, and February,
and “Summer” June, July, and August.

704 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

June, July, August.

Northern Venezuela
Catharina Sophia (Guiana) .

If N E. and E. are taken as the true representatives of the trade-winds, we see
that they amount to 49 per cent. of all winds in the rainy season of Northern Vene-
zuela, and to 68 per cent. in the dry season. In Guiana the trades are more
regular, but it seems that it lies somewhat to the S. of the thermal equator; as
December, January, and February are rainy months, the proportion of N. E.
winds is then greatest. (See Plates 5, 6, and 7.)

In Tropical Brazil we have only the observations in Rio Janeiro, from which
we deduct the PERCENTAGES given in the following table. To gain a better insight
of the winds of this country, it is necessary to obtain observations made on the
Atlantic Ocean near the coast.

Lat. 199-219 §., long. 379-399 W. . : . | 11/80] 17| 93/12) 4 Ye 0.6) 0. ).7|| 24

long. 350-370 W. . : . |15|15| 24/84) 4) 2 5 ||
Lat. 200-250 S., long. 379-399 W. . . | 21/385 )12/13) 8) 3 j
Rio Janeiro. . 5 : . - | 19 | 19 | 0 |31| = 0 3

On the Atlantic Ocean, near the coast of Brazil, the winds are more northerly
in the rainy season, from December to February, or in the summer of the southern
hemisphere. As to Rio Janeiro, the winds are influenced by the locality. The
sea-wind (S. E.) generally begins at 9 A. M. and blows till sunset, while land-
wind and calms prevail night and morning.

The northerly direction of the winds off the coast of Brazil points to a
barometrical minimum in the interior to the west of the Organ Mountains in the
campos, as it should do, considering the great heat of the summer of the S. hemi- |
sphere, and the sparse covering of trees on the campos. Easterly winds are much
more regular and strong in Northern Brazil’ than on the coast near Rio Janeiro.
In the latter region they are to be considered as sea-breezes rather than trade-winds.

In the La Plata States and on the Atlantic Ocean near them, the few observations

we have give the following results in PERCENTAGES :-—

1 Burton gives a description of the strength of the E. winds on the lower S. Francisco River in
“ Highlands of Brazil.”

|B

ow Ele 5
Zone 25 N. 24 Buenos Ayres . Wal) @ 16| 15| 6/19\11| 8) 26) 24) 11 10. | 16) 4

« 24 N. 24 Assumption . 3 10) 14/38)17|}11) 2) 6] 2! ...| ... 366 {!oa0 |] pore hee
« 25 N. 23 Parana Q . ° - | 24) 21] 14/15] 7 2 On el 918} 13] 20 25| Oy al
“ 25 N. 22 Mendoza 6 re 5 -| 3/ 3) 3/83/18] 13/13) 20 9'15} 3] 20/80/15) 1
*t 26 N. 28 Atlantic Ocean 509-600 W. a] Ge 2116/16] 14/11} 2 17,13} 7)13) 8) 15)13
“ 27 N. 19 G “550-650 W. go> |lheaes .: | 17/10} 4] 4] 12, 22/14

The only observations of a year’s duration made in the interior are those at
Mendoza and Parana by Burmeister.! He remarks as to Mendoza, that calms
largely prevail, strong winds are very rare. In Parana, on the contrary, as on the
coast of the La Plata States (Buenos Ayres, Montevideo) the winds are violent and
atmospheric changes frequent and sudden. In this respect it reminds us of the
climate of the Atlantic coast of the United States, though extremes of heat and cold
similar to those of North America are never experienced. ‘Two winds are especially
noted as strong, the Pampero (S. W.) and the Su-Estada(S. E.). Though Parana
is near to Buenos Ayres, the yearly period of the winds is nearly opposite. (See
Plates 5, 6, and 7.)

The winds on the Straits of Magellan and on the west coast of S. America are
very different from those of the eastern part of this continent, as shown in the
following table of PERCENTAGES.

June, July, August. December, January, February.

N.E
|. Ww.

Zone 29 N. 26; Punta Arenas, Mag. Str.
eA Puerto-Montt
25 N. 20 Valparaiso Chili
25 N. 21 Santiago
27 Pacific Ocean, 750-800 W.
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750-900 W.

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The changes of the winds along the W. coast of South America are very
regular and gradual; we can follow them for about 60° of latitude. In the
extreme south, at Punta Arenas westerly winds are known to prevail especially from
December to February, the warm season, while from June to August the number
of N. and N. E. winds increases. These are land-winds. The mean direction is
found to be northwesterly at all seasons, and the ratio of resultant great (see next
page). We are’here in the belt of westerly (or northwesterly) winds of the

1 See his “ Klima der Argentinischen Republik.”
89 July, 1875.

706 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

southern hemisphere, which are very strong and prevail all around the globe,
especially from 40° to 60° S. In Puerto Montt these winds also prevail, especially
in the cold season, June to August, while the quantity of southerly (cold polar)
winds increases in December and February.

In Central Chili (Valparaiso and Santiago) we meet opposing winds in winter
and summer. ‘They are northerly in the cold season, southerly in the warm.
This is a feature of the sub-tropical belt, which is especially well developed in the
southern hemisphere, owing to the great extent of sea. But in Chili the winds
are S. and S. W. from December to February, instead of S. E., the direction of the
true trades. But this is easily explained by the high chain of the Andes, which
does not permit an extensive circulation of air from the §. E. Besides this, air is
drawn towards the land from the sea, which is to the westward. The seasons of
Central Chili are in keeping with the sub-tropical winds; the summer months are
rainless. The further we advance to the N. the greater time the polar winds
(S. E., S.,S. W.) blow and the longer is the rainless season. About 27° S. the rain
ceases altogether, and this belt stretches along the coast of Bolivia and Peru to 5° 8.

Santiago has regular sea and land winds, especially from December to March, as
is shown by the tri-horary observations of the U.S. expedition under Capt. Wilkes.
(See tables, Zone 25.) At midnight, 3, and 6 A. M., the winds are nearly N., from
9 A.M. to 9 P.M. they are nearly 8S. W. There is no gradual passage of one
into the other, but a calm separates them in the morning and evening.

From the latitude of Central Chili to the Isthmus-of Panama we can supply
the deficiency of land-observations by those made at sea, near the coast. The
prevailing wind in zones 25 and 24 (25°-35° 8.) is S., especially in the last, where
from that quarter more than half of all the winds blow. As we advance towards
the north the wind is deflected to the S. E. by the influence of the earth’s rotation.
Between 5° and 10° S. (Zone 20) 90 per cent. of all the winds blow from the S. E. in
the cold months of the year, giving the ratio of resultant 96. This gradual change
in the direction of the wind is clearly seen on Plates 5 and 6. There is scarcely
any trade-wind region in the southern hemisphere where they are so largely pre-
vailing, and none in the northern hemisphere. Yet it is necessary to remember that
the observations between 5° and 10° S. were taken further from the coast (85°—98°
W.) than on the other parallels, and thus the proportion of 8. E. winds is greater,
and of S. less. The nearer to the coast, the less frequent are the S. E. winds,
because of the proximity of the Andes on the E., and also because the land is here
much warmer than the sea, on account of the extremely cold Peruvian current.

As we approach the equator, the S. winds again increase. Between 0° and 5° 8.
this increase is probably caused by the position of the cold marine current, which ©
is deflected to the westward. But southerly winds here cross the equator, and are
by the earth’s rotation deflected to the 8S. W. Already between 0° and 5° N. there
is a great proportion of 8. W. winds, though the S. winds still prevail. The mean
direction is to the W. of S., as shown on Plates 5 and 6. Between 5° and 10°
N., even southerly winds prevail during nine mouths, especially from June to
August. Only in the winter of the northern hemisphere the wind is N. W., and
then even with a small ratio of resultant. The equatorial boundary of the northern

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 707

trades is thus seen to lie much N. of the equator in the Eastern Pacific. A great
body of air is thus drawn in to about 10° L. N., and forms what is called a S. W.
monsoon.

In other regions this is also the case; these S. W. monsoons reach a much higher
latitude, about 12° N. on the coast of Africa, 17° N. in the interior of this conti-
nent, and even 30° N. in India. The following table gives the mean direction of
the wind at stations in South America:—

March to May. June to August. Sept. to Nov. | Dec. to Jan,

direction.
resultant.
direction,
resultant.
direction,
resultant.
direction.
Tesultant.

Ratio of
Ratio of
Mean
| Ratio of
Mean
Ratio of

} Northern Venezuela.
Catherina Sophia, Guiana
Atlantic Ocean—
Lat. 19°-21° S., long. 35°-3'7° W
Lat. 21 -23 §., long. 37 -39 W.
Lat. 40 -45 S., long. 55 -65 W.
COI AMCITOM Men uur) erie fe se
Buenos Ayres. . f
Assumption, Paraguay . S 6
Punta Arenas, Magellan Strait
Puerto Montt, Chili. . ;
Valparaiso, Chili G01) lone
Santiago, Chili 3 atau
Pacific Ocean, Zone 27. "75 °-80° W.
—75
—85
-80
-75
3 -80
—85
-85
5 -80
. 75 -90

ma
ales

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AAD A A

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sqhHbrhgdagggegnehane
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1A TAT TA tA A TATA CA Th Th

4444455484

ATLANTIC OCEAN.

There are four wind-belts stretching across the Atlantic Ocean: the northern

_belt of westerly winds (principally 8. W.); the northern trade-winds (N. E.); the

southern trade-winds (S. E.); and the southern belt of westerly winds (principally
N.W.). ‘The first and the last of these are also called belts of variable winds in
opposition to the constant trade-winds.

As the Atlantic Ocean is the great highway of civilized nations, its meteorology
is better known than that of any other ocean. Though narrow when compared
to the Pacific and Indian Oceans, the winds have sufficient space on the Atlantic,
as it has very few islands, and no mountain-chain in its vicinity at all comparable
to the Andes, which exercise so great an influence on the winds of the Pacific.
This being the case, the winds of the Atlantic can be regarded as typical for the
oceans. (See Plates 5, 6, and 7.)

The most important boundaries of the different systems of winds which occur in
the Atlantic are the so-called outer (or polar) and the inner (or equatorial) limits of
the trades. We give below these limits, according to the best source of informa-

708 WINDS OF THE GLOBE

tion, the “ Pilot Chart of the Atlantic Ocean,” edited by the Meteorological Office
in London.

Mean Pouar Limits or THE N. EH. TRADE.

MERIDIANS.

65° W. | 60° W. | 55°°'W. | 50° W. | 45° W. | 40° W. | 35°°W. | 30°W. | 25° W. | 20° W. 1 17oIWe

January to March | 2630 N.| 250 N, ]234° N.| 230 N. |2430 N.| 26° N. |2630 N.12530 N.|2540 N.|28J0 N.| 8300 N
April to June . v8 N.|243N.|28 N.|25 N.|27 N./28 N 28 N.[28 N|284 N/32 N.| 388 N.
Jnly toSeptember [27 N.| 27 N.|263 N.| 26 N.|26h N| 272. [272 N.[28% N31 N./31¢ N.| 322 N.
October to Dec. . |26 N.|24 N.|222 N.|22 N. (223 N.] 244N./254 N.|25g N.[263 N./294 N./ 81 N,

MERIDIANS,

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July .

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MEAN Potar Limits oF 8S. H. TRADE.

MERIDIANS.

20° W. | 15S We if sLOOsWe 5° W.

yJanuary to March . . . 90 §. . | 2408 | 263 2908. | 8009S |81308.|/32308.| 83808
Aprilito;June 3 6 6 ee To 2 = (24 18 72 27 S.|284S |32 §.|} 33% S.
July toSeptember . . . S. | 2235. |24 8 |2 283 S. | 293 S. |292 8.303 S.
October to December . . 32 8. 83S. | 203 S. [2 28 S. | 2838. |29 §./30 S&S.

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The N. E. trade is much more to the north in the eastern part of the ocean than
it is near the coast of America, and on the meridians of 55° to 50° W. its polar limit
is still further south. We do not know accurately the equatorial limits of the
N. E. trade; on these meridians they must, however, fall on the continent of
S. America. ‘The trade-wind belt seems to be more narrow about 40° W. than
further eastward, except in the months from J uly to September.

The equatorial belt of calms and variable winds between the N. E. and S. E.
trades is much broader and better marked in the eastern part of the ocean than in
the middle. About 20° W. its mean breadth attains 12° in September, and even
in January 34°, while at 35° W. its breadth is only 4° from January to March,
so that frequently ships sail from one trade into another without passing through
intervening calms. It should be observed that the direction of both trades is much

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 7109

more easterly in the western than in the eastern part of the ocean. ‘This will be
readily seen by a reference to the map. (Plates 3, 5, 6, and 7.)

There are in other places much greater differences in the limits of the S. E.
trade. Near the coast of America the winds are so irregular that the seamen do
not consider them true trades, thus on the meridian of 30° W. the polar limit is
set down at 163° S. to 21° S. according to the seasons. Near the coast of Africa
(10° E.) the polar limit is south of 30° S. at all seasons. ‘The S. E. trade advances
much beyond the equator, except in the months of February, March, and April.
In September it goes to 6° N. under 40° W.

The narrowing of the ocean in its equatorial part between Cape S. Roque in S.
America and Cape Verde in Africa does not allow of a determination of the
equatorial limits of the trade east of 17° W. and west of 40° W., as it is known
that the trades blow regularly only on the ocean.

The greater breadth, however, of the 8S. E. trade and its regularity near the equa-
tor are well known.

_ Along the coast of 8. Africa there are prevailing S. W. winds the whole year.
They exist also on the ocean. This African monsoon is caused by the rarefaction
of the air im the interior of the continent, and, in the months from July to September,
extends far beyond the equator, and occupies much of the zone between the S. E.
and N. E. trade. Violent rains and thunder-storms are experienced at this season
in this region of S. W. winds. ‘There is no doubt that the S. KE. trade is drawn
far beyond the equator and gradually changed into a 8. and then a 8. W. wind.
Having passed over a broad expanse of warm sea it is copiously loaded with vapor.

From January to March the Pilot Charts give the southern boundary of the 8. W.
winds at 25° N. and 15° W. It crosses the equator under 10° W.; 7° S. under the
meridian of Greenwich; 10° S. under 4° E.; 20° S. under 10° KE. Thus the belt
of S. W. winds has the greatest breadth opposite the Bay of Biafra, and is much
narrower North and south. From April to June the $. W. winds advance to 19°
W. opposite Sierra Leone, while the boundary is nearer to the coast of Africa
further southward.

From July to September the belt of S. W. winds occupies a great space off the
west coast of N. Africa, between 17° and 32° W. and 6°-115° N. If the boundary
were traced for every month, it would be found to coincide much more closely with
the inner limits of the N. E. and S. E. trade; as it is, it is near enough, as the
southern limit of the N. E. trade is 12° N. in September, near the coast of Africa,
while the S. W. monsoons begin about 115° N.

It is important also to obtain a knowledge of the minor characteristics of the
winds of the Atlantic, and this can best be done by studying the percentage of
winds in the different regions of the ocean, as presented in the following table:—

710 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

December. January. February.

H

DreIQRONTOMON

20: 5°-20° W.
22:15 -20 W.
24: 0-20 W.
94: 0-15 W.
331: 0-20 W.
. Michael’s, Azores
. Bermuda
: 45 -70
34, Madeira
: 45 -80
: 40 -50
By ls}
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8:15
: 45
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0: 25
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:10-15 E.
5 W.13 E.
. St. Helena
5 -15
-ll E
5 -20 W.
-20 E.
-5 W.
-15 #.
-65 W.
-50 W.
-15 E.
-20 EK.

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North of the regularly-established trades, there is a zone with prevailing north-
erly winds, especially in summer, in the eastern part of the ocean, as seen on maps,
Plates 5,6, and 7. To this zone the Azores belong.

At Funchal, Madeira, the trade-wind is well established in summer, but northerly
winds prevail in winter, though not regular enough to be called trades.

The northerly winds of summer between 30° and 40° N. are N. W. rather than
N., showing the influence of the heated surface of Southern Europe and Northern
Africa. The African monsoon is to be observed in Z. 17, N. 31, and on Plate 5; the
prevailing wind is N. from December to February and §. from June to August.

Under the same latitude in the middle of the ocean the N. E. trade is well
established at both seasons. (See Plates 5,6, and 7.) In zone 18 (0°-5° N.) the
S. E. trade begins to prevail.

Along the coast of Africa the S. E. trade is very southerly, especially from June
to August in latitude from 5° to 15° S. It must be remembered that a cold marine
current flows along this course, and, therefore, the conditions must be like what
prevail near the western coast of S. America. (See maps, Pl. 5, 6, and 7.)

The wind blows along this cold current, while on the coast it blows from the
cold current to the land ; this gives the S.W. winds of South Africa from 0° to 20° S.
The only difference from 8, America is, that no such high chain of mountains rises
here near the coast. The belt of land under the influence of the sea-winds is more

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. rola

extensive in Africa, and more heated, the ascending current is, therefore, more
powerful, and thus the air from over the cold current is attracted with more force.
The mean direction of the wind in the tropical part of the Atlantic is as follows:—

June to August. Dec. to Feb. June to August. Dec. to Feb.

direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction.
Ratio of
resultant
direction.
resultant
Mean
direction.
resultant.

- 60°-80° W.
W.

23, 40°-45° W.
- 20 -25 W.
0-5 E.

. 35 -39 W.
. 10 -20 W.
0 -124 B.

5 88 BO 15,
. 15 -25 Ww.)
5 W. 13 E.

. 33-35 W.
. 15 -20 W.
. 15 W. 10 E.
35 45 W.
. 20 -25 W.
15 W. 115.

: Ratio of

mo

orc
or

—25
-80
—50
—25
—50
—35
—25
—50
—35
—20
-55
—35
20

RA DW WIAA AAA AAA YA Tr

ENE ZN AANA SAL EN EA

TA TA Tn 6h tA tan On ta Th wn tn ta
PRAT NAAN tA tA aA IA

4444545445558

ES ed tet fad fd bd fad Gt bd tt dt
fh et df bd dt tt dt
feb bl et ft dd ft df od bt dt
cefb st f bd d ft d ed bt d

(See also Plates 5, 6, and 14.)

This table is so arranged as to show the corresponding latitudes north and south
opposite to one another. It will be seen how much more regular are the southern
trades, especially between 0°-15°.

In the northern hemisphere the trades are well established between 10°-15° N.
in the middle and western part of the ocean; while near the African coast the
winds are very variable, or better to say this latitude is divided in summer between
the N. E. trade and the S$. W. monsoon. In the corresponding latitude south, the
S. E. trade is blowing regularly the whole year.

Tn latitude 5°-10° N. the S. E. trade is already established in the middle of the
ocean from June to August and the African monsoon in full force further east.
In the corresponding latitude in the southern hemisphere the trade is very regular.
It is also blowing between 0°-5° N. with the exception of the months from Decem-
ber to February, when the mean direction is E. N. E. in the western part of the
ocean, probably owing to the heating of a part of 8. America, towards which the
air is drawn from the ocean. (See also Map, Plate 6.)

The more easterly direction of the trades in the western part of the ocean is
well marked, especially as concerns the 8. E. trade. It is probably due to the
rotation of the earth, which gives the winds more easting the further they advance.

There is no doubt that the winds of the Atlantic which blow near the coasts
of America have traversed a great part of the ocean, and thus acquired more
easting. As to the winds which blow in the eastern part of the ocean, they do
not come from so far. The African continent rather attracts the winds than
otherwise. It has before been shown that from 5° N. to 20°S. southwesterly winds
blow the whole year on the ocean near the coast of Africa, as exhibited on Plate 7.
Thus the trade which blows further to the west cannot come from Africa. It
originates on the Atlantic Ocean itself, over the cold antarctic current flowing at
some distance from the African coast.

712 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Barometric observations are numerous on the Atlantic Ocean, and are important
as giving us the key to the winds. (See Plate 14.) Unfortunately their tabula-
tion and reduction is not all that can be desired. They are calculated without
regard to longitude, and from 5° to 5° of latitude only. Thus we do not know the
difference of pressure in the eastern and western parts of the ocean, although it
must be great, especially in latitude from 20° to 35° N. and 8. as shown by the
great difference in the polar limits of the trades.

The Meteorological Institute of the Netherlands has undertaken the calculation
of the barometric means of the Atlantic Ocean for every degree of latitude, distin-
guishing also, in the southern hemisphere, the outward and homeward voyages,
This would give two sets of figures, one for the edstern and one for the middle part
of the ocean, as the ships going to the East Indies take a course more to the west-
ward, while on returning they go nearer to the coast of Africa. ‘This expected
publication will shed light on many obscure problems,

The most complete barometrical table for the Atlantic we now possess is pub-
lished in the Pilot Charts. It is calculated from 5° to 5°, for every month. I
have calculated from it the pressure of the two contrasting seasons, and have
given in the following table the pressure observed on some islands and coast stations
reduced to sea-level. (See also Plate 14.) The mean pressure is at 52° Fahr.

June. | Dec.
July. | Jan.
Aug. eb.
Atlantic Ocean— Atlantic Ocean— || 32° 38’ N. 16° 36’ W.|
35°-40° N.. . 30.13 ats oe 30.05} 29.98}| Funchal, Madeira .
30 -35 30.21 15 -20 30.10} 30.03)| 32° 23/ N. 64° 40/ W.|
25 -30 | 30.20) 20 —25 30.14) 30.06) Bermuda Islands .
5 30.07 25 -30 30.13]30.07/| 5° 24’ N. 0° 10/ E.
30.03 30 -35 30.09| 30.03) Christiansb’g, Guinea
29.96 35 —40 29.96} 30.00|| 4° 56/8. 55° 39’ W.
29.92) 40 -45 29.92) 29.94/| Cayenne, Fr. Guiana
29.90 45 -50 29.72) 29.72!) 33° 56/8. 18° 27 E.
29.91) 50 -55 29.52) 29.43)| Cape Town, 8. Africa}
29.95} 55 -€0 29.27) 29.23|| 34° 37/ §. 58° 21/ W.
Buenos Ayres. .

20 —25
15 -20
10 -15
5 -10
0-5
0-5
5 -10

PR AA A AAAs
sae ana aga ea

The polar boundaries of the N. E. and 8. E. trades are marked by a high pres-
sure (at 30° to 85° N. and at 20° to 50° §.), while the space intervening between
the two trades—the belt of equatorial calms and variable winds, has a compara-
tively low pressure. It should be remarked that this low pressure remains on
the northern hemisphere, changing from 10° to 15° N. in our summer and from
0° to 5° in our winter. The air from north and south is attracted towards this
belt of low pressure, and, as the conditions of the tropics are very uniform, the
winds also are very regular.

A comparison of stations in the west and east of the ocean will show that pres-
sure is generally higher in the east (as in Madeira compared with Bermuda, in
Christiansburg compared with Cayenne, and Cape Town compared with Buenos
Ayres). This is an additional cause for the easting of the trade-winds near the
American continent.

Pressure is extremely low in the higher latitudes of the southern hemisphere.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 713

Between 55° and 60° it is lower than around Iceland, the lowest known in the
northern hemisphere. The great permanence and strength of the westerly winds
in the southern temperate zone is explained by this. (See Plates 5, 6, and 14.)

NORTHWESTERN EUROPE.

The islands to the N. W. of Europe have still the climate of the Atlantic Ocean.
Only one of them, the largest and most northerly, Iceland, has some of the charac-
teristics of the polar zone.

Near Iceland, on account of the heated current of the gulf-stream, is the lowest
pressure of the northern hemisphere, and though it is especially marked in autumn
and winter it is also conspicuous at the other seasons. As is to be expected from
a country in such a position, the winds are very changeable, according to the shift-
ing of the centre of lowest pressure to the north and south. The equatorial winds,
S. W., and the polar, N. E., prevail in turn.

The Fare islands have prevailing $8. W. winds at all seasons. This is even
more the case at the Shetland islands, and in Great Britain generally, as is shown
by percentages in the next table.

Summer. | Winter.

. 15. Stykkisholm, N. W. Iceland
19. Reikiavik, W. Iceland.

21. Thorshayn, Farée Islands .
22,23. Shetland Islands .
27. W. Scotland, 58°-59°N. .
29, 31. W. Scotland, 56°-58° N.
33. W. Scotland, 55°-56 N.

. 39 and 43. HE. Scotland, 56°-58° N.
39. Ireland, 53°-54° NN. . 0

. 44 and 48. Ireland, 51°-53° N. .

. 113. Greenwich, 8. E. England .

N
°
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| 2.

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6.
6.
6.
7.
its
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8.
8.
8.

he OO -1 OH OC =I bo

ray

There is little difference between the winds in winter and summer, from Farée
islands to southern England. A very slight one only can be detected in the greater
number of W. and N. W. winds in summer. This applies not only to Great
Britain, but also to the greatest part of northern and central Europe. It is due
to two causes: First, the belt of highest barometer is more northerly in summer
than in winter; and second, part of the air is attracted towards the depression of
Central Asia.

In Great Britain the influence of the last cause is very small, as Central Asia is too
distant, and the depression about Iceland so near, that it must act very powerfully
even in summer. But the further we advance eastward the greater is the influ-
ence of the depression in Central Asia, and consequently the greater the difference
between the direction of the wind in winter and summer. The next table gives
the mean direction of the wind in Great Britain and Iceland.

90 July, 1875.

714 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. -

direction,
Ratio of
resultant
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
Mean
direction
Ratio of
resultant
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.

Hr

o
°

&

S44445455"!

Iceland, Stykkisholm
Reikiavik .
Thorshavn, Farée Islands
W. Scotland, 58°-59° N.
if 57°-58° N.
E. Scotland, 57°-58° N.
Ireland, Dublin, Phoenix Park
ee Cork . :
England, 52°-53° N.
Greenwich . 5
England, 51°-52° N.

AMA N McA Aw
Zz
on
rs

TP A TA at tH th

TTA th tn nt OO tai th

ZzZBnannmaarh
s4s455445°!

(See also maps, Plates 5, 6, and 9; and map of Isobars, Plate 14.)

The ratio of resultant is less in spring than at other seasons. This is caused by
the great increase of pressure in the Polar region, as has been shown before.
N. E. winds are oftener experienced in spring than at other seasons.

I must further remark that the character of the winds in Great Britain and the
adjoining islands is strictly oceanic 7. e., such as would be found in the same lati-
tudes on the oceans. The relative position of the land and sea have scarcely any
influence. ‘This is due, first, to the great difference of pressure between north and
south, and the great strength of the winds which is the result, so that local causes
are comparatively unimportant; second, to thé small extent of land, which, being
besides pervaded by the influence of the sea, is neither much more heated in sum-
mer, nor much more cooled in winter than the surrounding ocean. (See Plates 9
and 12.)

The conditions of the Scandinavian Peninsula are very different. It is by itself a
large body of land. Besides this, the high mountain chain rising near its western
coast is a great barrier to the influence of the Atlantic Ocean on the interior. The
result is a much more continental climate than could be expected from a country
so near to the Atlantic Ocean.

In many respects the physical features resemble those of Alaska, where the con-
trast between the mild, equable climate of the coast and the excessive seasons of
the interior is equally great. The winds of the Scandinavian Peninsula are shown
in the two following tables; in the first by percentages, and in the second in
direction,

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. WAL

Summer,

| N. Ww.
bw |
wo |

be
TOR |

. Christiania, 8. Norway . 6
. Christiansund, W. Norway
- Dovre, Inner Norway
. Bossekop, N. Norway
. Hammerfest, N. Norway
. Wardé, N. Norway
Mossel Bay, Spitzbergen
Ice Fjord, Spitzbergen
Hecla Cove, Spitzbergen
- Bear Island (between Norway
and Spitzbergen) 0
. 23, 24, 25. N. Sweden . c
. 30. E. Sweden : 5
. 90. 5S. E. Sweden 2 .

Cwostb oT /

(St)
H
=

WH owwhHoRS
—_

Du
Pw

a

Rok orate on

a

. 89. S. W. Sweden 6
. 68. Lund, 8. Sweden

Be PY
DBNOwOH Ww

Summer.

Ratio of
resultant
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction
Ratio of
resultant.
direction
Ratio of
resultant.

Christiania, Southern Norway .
Sandésund, Southern Norway .
Christiansund, Western Norway
Dovre, Inner Norway 6 C
Hammerfest, Northern Norway
Vardé, Northern Norway P
Bossekop, Northern Norway
Haparanda, Northern Sweden .
Southwestern Sweden . :
Southeastern Sweden . 0

PA th oh TA ch oh Dn ea A

1A I th Tn I
Sa hhh Sass!
qahhanaaa!

In winter the whole coast of Norway has monsoon winds, blowing from the land
to the sea, they are N. and N. E. at Christiania, S. EK. at Christiansund, Bossekop
and Hammerfest, and S. W. at Vardée. In summer the conditions are reversed.

This was shown some years ago by the best authority in these matters, Prof. H.
Mohn.’ He is of the opinion that the winds are deflected about 90° to the right
of the direction they would have if they blew directly from the land in winter and
from the sea in summer.

It must; however, be observed that in this result the number of observations alone
is taken into account. The storms on the Atlantic coast of Norway are very
violent, and the winds during their prevalence mostly §. and W. A south wind
should prevail in Norway, taking into account the strength of winds and aside
from local influences.

The high station of Dovre, in the interior, has largely prevailing S. winds. In
this we see the influence of the high pressure to the S. and in the interior of the
continent and of low pressure on the ocean to the W. and N. (See Plates 9 and 14.)

In northern Norway the winds are variable in summer and decidedly from the
S. in the winter. In the latter season the general distribution of pressure in the

* Oversigt of Norges Klimatologi. See also Norsk Meteorologisk Aarbog.

116 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

surrounding countries, and the local monsoon influence, act in the same direction, as
the land is to the 8., the ocean to the N. In summer they counteract one another.
Besides this, the character of the Arctic Ocean must be considered. It is traversed
by a warm current, and at no time of the year do icebergs approach the coast of Nor-
way. Even in the summer the temperature of its waters is higher than that of the
air on the land. On such a sea a low pressure must prevail, and its monsoon-
producing influence in summer cannot be compared with that of an ice-laden sea.

In northern Sweden the wind has also a southerly direction. The Gulf of
Bothnia has but very little influence, being a small body of water and frozen to a
great extent in winter, otherwise we would have northerly winds in winter, while
the Arctic Ocean attracts the air so strongly that no other influence is to be con-
sidered in comparison. The 8. winds of summer may be partly sea-winds.

In southern Sweden the winds are 8S. W.in the winter, and W.in summer. The
influence of the low pressure in the interior of the continent begins to be felt
here at the latter season. (See Plates 5,6, 9 and 14.)

Bear Island, between Norway and Spitzbergen, lies N. of the warm current of
the Gulf-stream. Accordingly the Polar current (E.) is largely prevailing in
winter, while the winds of summer are more variable. Bear Island has a position
very like that of Iceland, yet it is more clearly north of the warm ocean-current
with its low pressure. Besides, at times the island is surrounded by extensive
ice-fields, and the temperature sometimes sinks very low over them, and consequently
pressure increases.

Iceland and Bear Island are important stations, proving the existence of pre-
vailing polar winds N., N. E., EK. in the waters north of Europe, and north of the
warm current of the Gulf-stream, while all stations in the extreme north on the
continent of Europe still have equatorial winds (S., 8S. W., W.). Thus, the division
line between the two systems of winds is proved to be the belt of low pressure along
the warm ocean-current. (See maps, Plates 5, 6 and 7.)

The winds of Spitzbergen seem to be more influenced by the relative position
of land and sea than those of Bear Island. In winter they blow from the land, as
is seen by the observations of Mossel-Bay, on the N. shore of the principal island,
and Ice-Fjord on the 8, shore of the same.

CENTRAL EUROPE.

Southwesterly and westerly winds prevail also in the rest of western Europe,
that is, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and Northern France.
This is evident from the following table of percentages :—

A

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. rele

| Northern Germany—

Zone 8. N.216. Kénigsberg
fk ING IGG ~ Isembin ¢
(th Wodlves Gel

| Denmark—

13
6
24.

2) 18
2| 17
14
18
15
25
14
21
3) 32
2) 35
21
13
17

a
18 oo
onwo
Mm
we

N. 57. Tarum

N. 63. Copenhagen

. 196. Saxony . ;

. 277. Mannheim .

190. Northern Bavaria

312. Hohenpeissenberg

296. Western Bavaria

126. Eastern France

151. Southern Holland

141. Brussels 6

TGS ERE SGI 6 & lon os
109. Normandy, Inland Stations
110. Coast Stations 6h

H
“I

a
H

=
i

=
~“ISNWMDRPHEIMDWAH

H
PRE AMAO RATA
He

ran
OHODWOTH TR

a
MBO OTH OO MLD

a

HPoOrwmODMrOGaMOM=aTH
H
H

H

SSP ED (99 Gog) (99) (2) 9G
ABAARAAAAAAAN:

a
oS

This is still a region of the undisputed prevalence of westerly winds. What may
be noticed in 8. Sweden is seen here in nearly all the stations: the winds in summer
incline somewhat to the N. W. Kimtz was the first to notice the opposite course
taken by the N. W. and the S. HE. winds on the continent of Europe, the first being
most frequent in summer, the last in the winter.” This is caused by the contrasts of
temperature and pressure of the interior of the continent, and of the Atlantic Ocean,
the influence of the land being conspicuous in winter, that of the ocean in summer.

The 8. W. winds are most numerous in Belgium and Holland, while this is less
the case in southern Germany, where the W. winds prevail. This is partly caused
by the influence of the Alps, which do not give free access to 8. W. winds, while
those from the west reach Germany without impediment. ‘The direction of the
winds in this region is given in the following table :—

Summer.

direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction,
Ratio of
resultant.
Mean
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction.
Ratio of
resultant,

Denmark—
Tarum
Copenhagen
Brussels
8. Holland
N. Holland
Northern Germany—
Hamburg .
Kiel .
Berlin
Konigsberg
Saxony . c
W. Bavaria
E. France
eeyaRy Gg A : 6
Normandy, Inland Stations

™m
Ne
a

°

AA tA

ANNNNNNNN NNnNM

sTho co

P=wTOWND

ANAaaannm mannan

~t~1

PRM tIN ttm A tn

ea elt ot
SasasaS"4 448:

1 Result of forty years’ observations, calculated by Haeghens, Annuaire de la Société Méteoro-

logique de France.
2 Repertorium fiir Meteorologie, v. ii.

718 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

(See also Plate 9.)

The N. W. winds of spring in most of the stations of Western Europe must be
noticed, especially in stations near the coast of the Atlantic Ocean or the North
Sea. The mean direction of the wind in summer is more northerly than in
winter.

Central and Southern France, Northern Italy, Switzerland, and the western
provinces of Austria are a border-land between two different systems of winds,
southerly or westerly prevailing in the N. of this region, and northerly in the S.
Still we must expect to find the winds very much influenced by locality in such
mountainous countries. ‘The following are the percentages of the winds in the
countries mentioned.

Summer. | Winter.

ee a
a | a 2 | = a a le | |e
A | melailoalaljalEelaillalsa |a la Ja | wi =e
Zone 8. N. 362. S.W. France . - | 15} 4) 4) 13) 6) 8 21/27 g} 4! 5] 18/19) 11 19) 17
oe 9: Ne 026; 2 France 450-460 N. Seis %: 4 4| 8] 38] 20) 10) 11} 14) 32) 5] 4) 5) 24) 9) 8) 13
“« 10. N. 366. Orange (S. E. Sy - |62; 1) 1 1| 24, 4| 4 4)|54) 3) 2) 4/11) 4) 2) 21
« 10. N. 367. Marseilles . . . 0} 0; 1) 12) 4) 18) 37) 29); 0} 1) 10) 16) 2) 5 11\55
10. Nevote. sParna . 5 F aul) 13) WE 6) bi) 23) Wsi ee 17|| 12} 8] 14) 5) 2) 9} 20) 81
“ 10. N. 374. Bologna . : 5 -| 8} 8/22) 9) 5) 9)25) 15)) 3) 3) 6 2) 3) 5/59) 19

Switzerland— | | |
Zone 9. N.178. W. Switzerland . - | 86) 12) 2) 4] 17) 18, 5) 6) 23) 16} 4) 4) 16;28) 6 5
« 9. N. 172. Neuchatel . ci : 3]}29) 11) 5] 2) 31; 11} 8} 2) 28) 7 1 0}42 12) 8
« 9. N.171. Chaumont . 3 -| 14/26) 9) 3] 1) 12) 14] 22)) 6) 19) 1) O| O}55) 8} 12
«9. N.196. Northern Switzerland .| 11) 17/-12) 5) 4] 15/20) 16)| 3/11) 7 5] 4/86) 26 8
“<9. IN. 11925 Uetlibers) * 6 -| 24) 1) 1} 0} 0} 27/40 7|| 5] oO} O} oO} Oj 80\66| 0
«9. N. 218. Rigi-Kulm . 5 C 6] 10} 9} 2) 20) 1/40) 13]; 0} 2| 6G) 4) 15) 4/63) 6
“« 9. N. 228. Lugano 2 : - | 17/32] 2) 20; 24) 6) ei 0/42/43) 0] 7) 4) 2) O| 3
A BY , Bellinzona | | | | | Fe
9. N. 246,247. po |e) 14) 3] 7) 13 8) 8) 4.60) 13| 1) 2) 4) 1] 6) 12
Zone 9. N. 321. Trieste 5 .| 12) 2/40} 2) 16) 2) 25) 1)]| 18} 4/58) 1] 10} 1) 8 O
“ 10. WN. 378. Ragusa (Dalmatia) . | 25] BL} 6} 21; 0] 3 0} 14}| 21/40} 11) 20) 1) 0} 2] 5
« 9, N.220. N. Illyria. « . «| 10) 9] 6] 10) 15| 27/21) 12]| 15] 8] 8] .¥] 6] 18) online
oe 9. N. 317. Hoch-Obir - os oo) lay) BY 2| 6) 11 Pal 20; 12)} 16; 1) 2) 6 6) 24) 23) 21
“9, N. 337. Vienna and Schoenthal .| 8| 6| 7| 9| 7 2/35|| 7| 14] 2) 19) 38/24] 4! 99
“9. +N. 340. Moravia . ¢ See Gl ey ia 19/33|| 11] 7 4/17] 6| 8] 12184
“ 8. N.204. N. W. Bohemia . : ah ait KU) 6 8} 3/30) 19) 18) 3) 16 8} 13} 2) 26] 19) 13

In Southern France N. W. and N. winds may be said to predominate, and not
only are they the most frequent but also the strongest. They are known under
the name of Mistral. As early as in 1861' Renou traced the isobaric lines of
France, and showed that the highest pressure was found in the centre of the
country near Limoges. Reduced to sea-level it amounted to 764 millimetres
(30.08 inches), to the south it is less. In winter the temperature along the coast -
from Marseilles to Livorno is much higher than in the surrounding country, this
being probably the cause of the lower pressure. (See Plate 14.) In summer the
stony, treeless plains on the lower Rhone are so very much heated, as to attract
the air of the surrounding country. It comes from the Atlantic, up the valley of
the Garonne, as a N. W. wind, and descends towards the Mediterranean near
Cette. It will be seen from the table that S. W. France has prevailing N. W.
winds only in summer, while in winter southerly winds are frequent.

* “ Annuaire de la Société Méteorologique de France,” of that year.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. mG:

The valley of the Rhone is another outlet for the air flowing towards the
Provence. Here nearly all winds take a N. or S. direction, 7. ¢., flow in the
direction of the valley; but the first are largely in excess, as is shown by the
observations in Eastern France (from 45°-46° N.), and especially at Orange, where
62 per cent. of all the winds in summer and 54 per cent. in winter come from the
N.* (See Plate 9.)

In the country further east the Alps seems to form a boundary between the pre-
vailing W. and 8. W. winds to the north, and N. winds to the south, at least in
autumn and winter. ‘This is caused, as has been previously said, by the relatively
higher pressure of the country around the Alps, and the relatively low pressure on the
Mediterranean. Unfortunately very few results of observations in Northern Italy
could be obtained in the libraries of Washington, though many are known to exist.
Besides, the observations of Milan and some other stations were reduced to the four
components (N., E., S., W.), so that percentages calculated from them would not be
immediately comparable to the observations of other places where eight directions
are given.

The winds of Parma seem to show what takes place in the lowlands of N. Italy.
In winter the prevailing wind is N. W., in summer nearly all directions are repre-
sented equally. Bologna seems to have monsoon winds W. (from the land) in
winter, and E. (from the Adriatic) in summer. (See Plate 9.)

The stations of Switzerland 8. of the Alps (Lugano, Bellinzona, Mendrisio) have
largely prevailing N. winds, and a very great number of calms.

The admirable system of meteorological observations begun in Switzerland in
1864 has already given much information as to the winds on mountains and high
passes. Of these, the observations on isolated mountains are most valuable, as on
high passes the direction is often very much influenced by the surrounding
mountains.

The direction on high peaks is generally the same as in the surrounding country,
but the character is much more marked, one or two directions prevailing to a
greater extent than at the foot of the mountains, and the intervening winds being
less numerous.

The Chaumont is situated in the Jura Chain just above Neuchatel. Here we
have already a slight prevalence of northerly winds in summer, which is continued
in the valley of the Rhone, in Southern France. In the winter 8. W. winds
prevail to a very great extent on the Chaumont, much more than in Neuchatel and
in Western Switzerland generally.

The winds of N. Switzerland are very like those of Germany, that is, westerly
at all seasons, as shown on Plate 9, but rather S. W. in winter, and W. N. W. in
summer. This is also the case on two isolated mountains of this region, the
Uetliberg (near Zurich) and Rigi-Kulm, only the proportion of westerly wind is
much greater on the mountains.

Chaumont, Uetliberg, and even Rigi-Kulm, are scarcely high enough to have

1 Count Gasparin, Fournet, and Ch. Martens were among the first to draw attention to this
prevalence of northerly winds in Southern France.

720 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. s

another system of winds than those of the plains and valleys of Switzerland. The
winds of these isolated mountains rather give us an idea of what would be the case
if local influences were eliminated. The high peaks of the Alps would show us a
different system of winds. ‘The following are the winds of Switzerland.

Summer.

direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction.
Ratio of
resultant
direction.
Ratio of
resultant,
direction.
resultant.

Ratio of

Mean

W. Switzerland .
Neuchatel .
Chaumont .

Geneva 5 0 3
Northern Switzerland .
Zurich

Uetliberg .

Zug 0
Rigi-Kulm .

Lugano

Bellinzona .

St. Bernard

Simplon

Julier

Bernina

Anna AAn nmin tate

Don tt on A htt tt

AZnaaazann aaa aia aia
AnnAAnnAAAAAAaZ
™
So
eS
=a

bo

How much the winds are influenced by the locality on high mountain-passes, is
seen by comparing the Julier and Bernina, both situated in EK. Switzerland, but
having nearly opposite winds, especially in spring and autumn.

The winds in winter are remarkably like in Northern and Western’ Switzerland,
the extreme difference being only 21°. The ratio of resultant is greatest in the
high stations, next in Northern Switzerland, and least at Geneva, where it is only
4, This last place is nearly on the border of the north winds in S. K. France.
There are greater differences in summer, yet the mean direction is mostly between
the N. and W. (See Plate 9.)

The western provinces of Austria have well-marked westerly winds in the N.
(Bohemia, Moravia, Vienna), belonging, in part, to the same zone as those of
Germany. This is also the case in the mountainous country (N. Illyria), and, as
is the case in Switzerland, the high station of Hoch-Obir, 7016 feet above the sea,
has a greater prevalence of westerly winds than the stations in the valleys.

On the Adriatic coast N. E. and E. winds prevail, being, as in 8. France, directed
from the land towards the sea. As there the prevailing wind is the strongest, so
it is here.

The Bora of the Dalmatian coast is much feared by the seamen as a strong and
cold wind. Another wind often blowing here is the Sirocco from the S. or 8. E.
It is originally a S. W. wind, but it is deflected by the highlands bordering the
Adriatic, and takes a course parallel to the shores. The following are the direc-
tions of the wind in this region :—

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS.

+t
tw
—

Winter.

direction.
direction

Mean
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction
Ratio of
resultant

ees
N. Illyria . : 0 6 -| S. 660 W.|.2
Hoch-Obir . 6 : A . 82 W.!).:
Trieste 5 c b : Q . 83
j Ragusa 0 : 5 . - | 5. 86
S. W. Bohemia . : 6 , . 6 . 87
N. E. Bohemia . . oO : 6 . 46
Moravia . 6 ; 6 5 6 . 51
Vienna F G ' 6 , 5 « 0)

. 680 W.|.163
81 W.|.3:
W.|.
W.|.1
W..|.5
W.|.2

ZA Aen mitnitn

(See also Plates 5, 6, and 9.)

SOUTHERN EUROPE.

A belt of high pressure in the summer months is to be found about 40° N. in
the Mediterranean. South of it we must expect to find N. and N.E. winds. Yet,
as generally the pressure increases towards the W., that is, the eastern part of the
Atlantic Ocean, the winds of summer are rather due N. and N. W. The air is
attracted towards the Sahara Desert and other hot parts of Africa. The following
are the percentages :—

Winter.

E
ls.

“Ico rn |
i=)

N. 182. Lisbon .
335. N. W. Spain
343. N. Spain
184. S. W. Spain
196. S. E. Spain
375. Rome

205. Malta

208. Janina .
206. Corfu. .
N. 208(a). Athens .

nS
= enencoh Ses

. bo
AdOONIRDOwrRow

N.
N.
N.
N.
N.
N.
N.
N.

—w— = c
Oro ON OrO ~T RO

i

The Mediterranean region 8S. of 40° L. N. belongs most decidedly to the sub-
tropical belt; that is, the summer is nearly or quite rainless, and the more we
advance southward, the longer is this rainless period, extending to about six
months at Malta and in Algeria, and to nine months in Lower Egypt, while the

whole year is nearly rainless in the Sahara S. of 30°, as well as in Upper Egypt.

In these conditions, especially when considering a region not deficient in vapor of
water, as the shores of the Mediterranean, the absence of rain in summer indicates
in our hemisphere very prevailing northerly winds. If even the wind-vane indi-
cates southerly winds, we may be sure that they are merely local sea-winds, or
winds deflected from their course by mountain chains, etc., provided that the places

where they occur have the rainless summer of the sub-tropical zone. Now this is
91 July, 1875.

722 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

the case in 8. E. and S. W. Spain, where the winds are southerly in summer, coming
from the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Ocean. Yet we know that scarcely any
rain falls in summer there; for example, in Gibraltar no rain was observed in July
and August, and only 0.1 inch in June, while 275 inches fall in the winter months.
(See Plates 5, 6, and 9.)

In Lisbon, Malta, Corfu, and Athens, we see the extreme prevalence of northerly
winds in summer, such as characterize the sub-tropical zone. Rome and Naples again
have southwesterly winds in summer, but, according to the yearly period of their
rains, they belong to the sub-tropical zone, though not so decidedly as Southern
Portugal and Spain, as well as Greece.

The northerly winds of summer were known to the ancient Greeks. Aristotle
mentions them under the name of Etesian winds. In their gentle regular flow, they
resemble the trades, but their direction is more northerly than those of true trades.

The prevalence of northerly winds is not so decided in winter, though they are
more frequent than others in the greater part of this region. They are, however,
interrupted from time to time by southerly winds which bring rain.

The northern part of Spain does not belong to the sub-tropical zone, yet the
N. E. and N. W. winds prevail in summer. For the northern coast of Spain it
is a sea wind coming from the Bay of Biscay.

EHASTERN EUROPE.

Northeastward from the Mediterranean region just considered, and southeast-
ward from Germany and the western provinces of Austria, there is a region of
prevailing N. W. winds—it comprises Hungary, Transylvania, the Danubian prin-
cipalities, and 8. W. Russia. The following table gives the percentages of winds
in this region :—

Summer. Winter.

Hungary, N. 843. Buda. (Ofen) .
N. 346. Debreczin . : ° :
N. 347. Hermannstadt, Transylvania.
8. W. Russia—
N. 851. Kischinev . =
N. 352. Dniestroyski Znak
N. 353. Odessa c

The prevailing winds at both seasons are N, or N. W., and at Debreczin, Her-
mannstadt and Kischiney, they are very largely prevailing. The mean direction
is as follows:—

|
|
)
)

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 723

Winter.

direction.
Ratio of
resultant.
Ratio of
resultant.
direction,
Ratio of
resultant.
Mean
direction.
Ratio of
resultant.

a
3
©
=
a

} Buda 5 : : 5 : : : N. 280 W. |.

Hermannstadt r ° . : 8. 87 W.|.1
| Kischinev . é i ss , 5 N. 61 W. |.26
# Odessa. c . ¢ ° ; 5 S. 37 #.).

Fon
_
=

{e)
=
=

Sip co co
Soot
ky

The motion of clouds observed at Hermannstadt gives in the summer a wind
N. 56° W. mean direction, with a ratio of .39, and N. 59° W. in winter, ratio .39.
So that the ratio is greater at both seasons than that of the lower current. At the
first four stations, the prevalence of N. and N. W. winds is greater in summer than
in winter. Besides in the summer the winds are more westerly, and more northerly
in winter. The resultant for each month is as follows at Kischinev :—

resultant. j
direction. f
resultant. }
direction.
resultant,

direction. {

Mean
Ratio of
Mean
Rano of
Mean
Ratio of

depen; 4 4 c N. 30° W.).30 eM eo at N. 76° W.!.24 || September . . . 44° W.!.40
RebHu anya c-ee N. 58 W.).333 Fibarise pation WeNIo ale) W.'.433 || October . . . | N. 79 Wz.!.212

March. . - . | N. 61 W.).29 . .. . |N.46 W.!.60 || November . . - 66 W.).17
| agpiill 6 5 5 a | No ais Wee >. - | N. 41 W.1.45 | December . . | N.37 W.|.36
| | |

The months of March to May, October and November, have a much smaller
amount of N. W. winds than the others. At Odessa and Hermannstadt where the
prevalence of N. W. winds is generally less marked, the mean direction is not
between N. and W. in spring and autumn. That it should be N. W. in summer
in Odessa, though with a small ratio, is a proof of the strength of the N. W. current
in these regions. (See Plates 5,6,9, and 14.). Odessa is so situated that it should
have S. W. monsoon winds in summer, as the Black Sea lies southward, and the
steppes around the city are highly heated at this season. Yet this monsoon is but
slightly felt, while sea-winds are prevailing in the coast stations of the Crimea and
on the shores of the Sea of Azof.

A glance at the map (Plates 5 and 6) will show that the region now considered
has a great similarity of position with that of southern France. ‘The relation to the
N. W. part of the Mediterranean in the last-named region, and the N. W. part
of the Black Sea in this, isthesame. The result, prevailing N. and N. W. winds, is
also similar.

I have already defined the position of the belt of high pressure which I called
the great Axis of the continent, which reaches in winter from Southern Siberia to
Central France, through a great part of the Asiatic-Kuropean Continent, and also
influences to the Caspian, Black and Mediterranean Seas. (See Plate 14.) On
these regions the temperature is much higher, and the pressure lower, than on the
continents to the north. This gives prevailing easterly winds on the northern shores
of the Caspian and Black Seas. Now the regions we are considering are in a

724 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. 3

peculiar position towards the southern seas. ‘They are separated from the Medi-
terranean and Adriatic by some high ranges of mountains. If we suppose a N. E,
wind at Kischinev, directed towards the Adriatic, it would have first to pass
across the Carpathian mountains, and then, besides others, over the high chains of
Dalmatia and Bosnia, towards the Augean Sea where there are also mountains—the
Balkan chain, leaving but the narrow aperture of the Bosphorus, where a N. E. wind
prevails during the year.’ Hungary even, though situated to the S. W. of the
Carpathian, has high mountains intervening between it and the Adriatic. ‘Toward
the Black Sea the air can arrive more easily along the Danube. ‘There are also
some low though narrow passes between Transylvania and Wallachia. ‘Thus we have
here a region of high pressure in winter, with a comparatively warm sea lying
towards the E.and 8. E. The movement of air in this direction is easy. ‘The result
is a prevalence of N. and N. W. winds, as shown by the map, Plate 6.

In the summer the pressure is low in the interior of the continent and very high in
the western Atlantic, between 30° and 40° N. West winds are the result of this. It
was shown that they prevail in Germany and Switzerland, and the further east-
ward the more this must be the case. Thus we have the air from the Atlantic
flowing over the Mediterranean as a north wind towards the depression in Africa,
and over the Carpathian region as N.W. towards the Asiatic depression. (See Plate 5.)

In autumn, especially in September and October, the conditions change. Central
Asia is already much cooled, pressure has risen there, but in Africa and western
Asia there is still a region of low pressure, somewhat to the south of where it was
in summer. This causes a more rapid movement of air southward and southwest-
ward, even near the Black Sea, and a greater prevalence of N. E. winds than at
other seasons, as shown by the maps, Plates 7 and 9. Pressure is very high in
autumn on the northern shore of the Black Sea, and from thence the N. E. winds
begin. This is the season when conditions very like to those of the trade-wind
region occur here. And it is also a very dry season, the precipitation diminishing
very much from June to October. (See Plate 14.)

The cause of the smaller prevalence of the N. W. winds in spring may be found
in the low pressure which then prevails in the Mediterranean, while it rises in the
Arctic regions. In April especially there is less difference in pressure in the
northern hemisphere than in any other month. Thus the winds have a less decided
character, and local peculiarities are of comparatively greater influence.

The steppes of south Russia have prevailing easterly winds during about nine
months in the year. Only in summer westerly winds take the lead. ‘This region
is very different from the rest of Europe in this respect, as well as from the greatest
part of the temperate zone of America, where westerly winds are the most frequent.

It was Wesselowski? who brought this fact before the scientific world, and proved
it so abundantly that no doubt could be entertained as to its correctness. ‘lhe winds
are easterly in this region in winter, spring and autumn, because pressure is higher
to the north and in the interior of the continent. ‘The prevalence of easterly winds
ceases in summer (or, more accurately, from the middle of May to the middle of

? See remarks of Dr. Dwight, p 369. * In his work on the Climate of Russia.

-

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 725

August), on account of the barometrical depression in central Asia, to which the
air is drawn from western Europe and the Atlantic Ocean. (See Plates 7 and 9.)

I give first the percentages and mean direction of the wind as obtained by
Kimtz,' being the means of 18 stations situated between the Black Sea and 53° N. L.

PERCENTAGES OF WINDS IN THE STEPPES or SoUTHERN RUSSIA.

Mean Ratio of j
direction, resultant.}

N.
Ss

5 BI)
56
54
(4
29
81
. 68
. 54
309)
43
46
30
67

| January

! February .

} March

H April
May .
June

W July .

H August
September

| October
November
December

| Year

DO co
Ree ee

MW Wf Oo f
: Pepto DONWOrNo~

Hee
. DMowmwpwoommacamds

Ono of
GbR OH HO ¢

HO On RH OA ODA
TCA TAA A A A

Dee

The mean direction in June and July is nearly opposite that in December and
January, and the prevailing winds are opposite, being W. instead of EK. There
is no month of the year when the prevailing wind comes from another direction
than W. or E.

From November to April the continental influence is seen to prevail,in June and
July westerly winds from the Atlantic Ocean, as shown on Plate 5, while August
and September have a much larger proportion of northerly winds than the other
months, so that the resultant is N. of KE. The same is the case in October in the
southern part of this region (45°-50° N.) I have already characterized these winds
as directed towards iuhitoa and Western Asia, and not towards Central Asia, as in
summer,

The small ratio of resultant in all months shows that this is a border region.
Especially the stations between 50°-53° N. have this character. ‘The winds are
shown in percentages in the next table.

Winter.

N
[s a
* =e Ww.

TON OH > |

H Zone 9. N. 356. Nikolaief
10. N. 382. Sevastopol
10. N. 384. Simferopol .
. N. 864(a). Lougan
. N. 358. Ekaterinoslav
. Poltava, Charkoy and Woltschausk .
. N. 363. Taganrog :
. N. 366. Astrachan
. N. 235. Samarskaja Ferma
N. 237-239. Orenburg 4
Northern Border of the Steppes—
9. N. 356. E. Galicia
8. N. 231. Southern Central Russia
8. N. 233. Pensa . . :
8. 3254. Samara .

MS)
OMG OW=-T
H

an
ABSS NOoRMNOTARO

a

BH
at

| 16} 1020 20}

| 11] 16) 15] 14%
13] 2'7| 11) 224

— bo B —
MIE OmmstanHtrian
1)
wo Wo

=
a
ee
wNors
=

a
o

16) 2'7) 11)
| |

1 Repertorium f. Meteorologie, v. ii. p. 293.

726 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

It is necessary to consider separately the different parts of Southern and Eastern
Russia.

In the Crimea there are more easterly winds in summer than elsewhere. It must
be remembered that this is a small peninsula, which can receive sea-winds from
east and west. The high chain of mountains rising above the southern coast does
not permit sea-winds from this direction to reach stations to the-northward, as
Sevastopol and Simferopol.’

The opposition of E. and W. winds is not only observed in the Crimea, but also
in all that region of 8S. Russia between the Dnieper and the Don, and between the
Black and Azof seas, and latitude 51° N. ‘This is not the case in the steppes on the
lower Volga and further east (Orenburg, Astrachan).

At Astrachan N. E. winds prevail in winter, and §. E. in summer. These last
are monsoons from the Caspian Sea.

At Orenburg the prevailing winds are E. and N. E. in winter, and N. and W.
in summer. The results of this station are especially valuable, the observations
being made during twenty years and carefully discussed.” The mean direction in
the different months is :—

Jian seNaSoe By alo May Sen TS WIDE DES Septa yayrom Niel ccs Wiemralla
Gs) 6 Se fSh OI VE afm 6 a INo OS Wyo, Rees Gin “op “s Se TONS cll!
March. 5 N 84° H2245) (Jil; 2 SN 62 Wey -24 Nov. . °'S. 240 H. 03
April ino New i(9 a Bier OS eee ANT aro NGen 2 OC ma emmaltc DYES Soe GS SOE LOE:

Thus in the first four months the direction is nearly due E., the ratio moderately
great in March; May to September have northerly winds, with a ratio in July
equal to that of March, and S. S. E. in November and December. October stands
by itself, having a mean direction from the W.S. W. ‘The percentage of S. W.
winds is 20.5, while it is but 18 in winter and 11 insummer. It seems that Oren-
burg is at this time to the north of the belt of high barometer then existing on the
shores of the Black and Caspian seas. | _Lugan, Astrachan and other more southerly
places have prevailing east winds, with little rain and a small amount of clouds,
In the winter months Orenburg is then to the S. of the zone of highest pressure,
as the winds are E. and N. E. (See Plates 5,6 and 7.) The division-line runs
between Orenburg and Samara, the last named place having prevailing 8. W.
winds in autumn and winter. The very northerly winds of summer are probably
caused by the position of Orenburg just north of the dry and highly heated Kirghiz
steppes. ‘They are not found at other stations of Southern Russia nor in Central
Asia, while northerly winds are more common in Western Siberia in the summer.

North of 53° in Russia the direction of the wind is about the same as prevails
in Western and Central Europe, $8. W. in winter, W. and N. W. in summer, as
shown on Plate 9. The stations on the northern border of the steppes indicate
this. The annexed table gives the percentages of the winds in Northern Russia:—

* For further details about the winds of the Crimea, see the elaborate memoir of W. Koeppen in

the new Repertorium fiir Meteorol., vol. i.
2 By A. Ovodof in the Memoirs of the Orenburg Section, Russian Geographical Society, y. i.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 727

Winter,

N. 222. Gorki! .

N. 101. Dorpat >

N. 95. Mitau and Riga

N. 103. St. Petersburg!

Finland, coast stations!

Finland, inland stations!

Aland Islands! 6

N. 61(a). Kem, White Sea 6

N. 63. Archangel, ' White Sea .
Gov. Vologda' . :
N. 107, 111. Moscow and Vladimir! 0
N. 124. N. E. Russia 3

a

AAMADNIMOATO OC H=Tb

7

U-
7.
lo
6.
6.
6.
6.
6.
7.
7.

7.

At inland stations between 54° and 58° N. (Gorki, Dorpat, Moscow, Vladimir) the
direction is very like that which prevails in Germany and further west, that is, a
decided prevalence of W. winds, more 8. W. in winter, more W. and N. W. in
summer. Further north, and aside from the influence of the sea (inner Finland,
Government of Vologda, N. E. Russia) the winds are S. W. or S. even in summer.
Thus we have the same conditions that prevail in northern Sweden.

At Riga and Mitau there are summer monsoon winds from the N., at the coast
stations of Finland they are N. and W., at St. Petersburg W., at Kem on the
western shore of the White Sea they are E., while Archangel again has N. winds
in summer.

The existence of monsoon winds in so high a latitude is a remarkable fact.
Kiimtz was the first to show that the winds at Archangel had a monsoon character.’
The mean direction at this place is :—

Summer, N. 18° E. .16: Winter, S. 25° W. .30.
While at Kem it is:
Summer, N. 87° BE. .24: Winter, S. 87° W. .253.

(See also Plate 9.)

A common trait in nearly all the stations of northern and central Russia is the
frequence of S. E. winds in winter. In this the influence of the high pressure in
the interior of the continent is seen.

NORTHERN AND CENTRAL ASIA.

The belt of westerly winds extends far into Siberia. Here, as in European
Russia, we have a belt of high pressure in winter. North of 53° N. the winds are
S. and W. in winter, between 50°-53° N. there is a zone of undecided winds,
while S. of 50° N. they are easterly, and N. E. already on the lower Syr-Daria.
The further we advance to the S. in this direction the greater is the prevalence of

. E. and N. E. winds in winter, as well as in spring and autumn. This is well

1 Calculated by Wesselowski, in his work on the Climate of Russia.
2 Bulletin Phys. Mat. de Acad. de St. Petersburg, vol. v. p. 301.

728 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. =

shown on Plate 7. This is a current of air from the belt of high pressure in S.
Siberia towards the Caspian and Black Seas, as well as towards other regions
further south, the Persian Gulf for example. Though largely prevailing, these EK.
and N. E. winds have not the constancy of the trades, as is proved by the rains
which fall in central Asia. This may be better called a polar current, as a low
temperature is brought by it into southern regions. The summer has prevailing
N., N. W., and W. winds in Central Asia, this being the current of air setting
towards the heated deserts of these regions with their rarefied air, (See Plate 5.)

North of the division belt from 50° to 53° the air flows towards the Arctic Ocean
with its diminished pressure, in spring, autumn and winter. We know now that
these winds are still prevailing in the valley of the Jenisei. (See Plates 5 and 6.)

I give below the percentages of the winds in Western Siberia and Central Asia.

Summer.

N.

NraAwWwwhowo |

Eastern Ural! .

. 150. Kourgan

. 131. Tobolsk

132. Ichim .

. 240(a). Omsk

242, Barnaul

135(b). Krasnojar

. 135(a). Jenisseisk*

241. Semipalatinsk .
. 373. Valley of the Syr-Dari 108)
. 398(a). Taschkent é 5 5 15 7|
. 397(a). Krasnovodsk (E. shore of | |

Caspian) . : a 0 ) 22) 15 plBe

an
COO TOT

AiA

| 11)
| 19 49
| 10 24)
15) 44
2 66
20) 16
18) 11)

HR =
He O09 bY ONC
Ree

a
an
TWH BoP aT bo |

y
7.
4
7.
ule
Up
8.
8.
Uo
7.
8.
Ss

N.
N
N.
N.
N
N.
N
N
5 IN

Tt
He
Doe
Oo

[or]
is
@

In all stations except the last four, the westerly and southerly current pre-
vails in winter, This is a movement to supply the deficiency existing to the
northward, on the Arctic Ocean. Yet it will be seen that the same wind is not
the most numerous at all stations. We have S. E.,S8.,8. W., and W. This seems
to depend much on local position. Calms are very frequent in the interior parts
of the continent, especially in cold winter weather. The winds are generally weak.
Thus local influences are very conspicuous. :

It seems that the direction of the valley has a great influence, the most fre-
quent wind coming from the upper valley in winter; so, for example in Tobolsk
the river coming from the S. E., the prevailing winds are from this direction. At
Ichim, Barnaul and Krasnojarsk the rivérs come from the $8. W., and, as the local
influence coincides here with the general conditions, the 8. W. winds have an
anomalous prevalence.

The only exception is at Omsk, where the rivers come from E. and 8. E., and yet
the S$. W. wind is prevailing. This is probably due to the level position of this
city. ;

* Mean of Catharinenburg Nijnii-Taguilsk and Bogoslowsk.
* The percentage for the winter is taken from older observations, published by Krivoschapkin in
his work “ Jenisseiski Okrug.”

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 729

A moderate prevalence of S. W. winds extending also to 8. E., S., and W
seems to be the real state of the case when local influences are eliminated. (See
Plate 7.)

Until within a few years we knew next to nothing in regard to the winds in the
basin of the Jenisei. Middendorff had expressed the opinion that the S. W. winds
of Europe extended to the lower Jenisei, but there were not facts enough to sustain
his opinion. The observations at Krasnojarsk showed that this was the case on
the middle part of the river, while Jenisseisk, situated more to the N., has pre-
vailing S. E. winds. This is caused by a change in the direction of the Jenissei
from the mouth of the Angara; it flows from 8. E., and, as at other points, the
winds from the upper part of the river are prevailing.

It will be seen that the winds of the summer are very different from those of
winter. The flow of air towards the depression of central Asia is the principal
feature at this season. In Siberia we have the influence of the Arctic Ocean,
which is principally felt. It is especially the Kara Sea with the Obi Bay,
extending further southward than other parts of the Polar Sea, which we must
consider. It must be remembered that the steppes and deserts of central Asia
are not separated by any barrier from the Arctic Ocean, in the meridian of
western Siberia, so that the air of the Arctic flows freely towards those countries
with their high temperature and low pressure. In comparing the table given here
for western Siberia with that for European Russia, it will be seen that N., N. E.,
and N. W. winds are much more frequent in the same latitudes in Siberia. In
this the influence of the Arctic Ocean is to be seen, although westerly winds
from the Atlantic Ocean also extend there. Pressure is not steady on the Arctic
Ocean, its fluctuations are great even in summer, and when a storm-centre passes
over it, the air from the Atlantic Ocean and southern Europe will be drawn in to
supply the deficiency, as a S. W., W. or N. W. wind.

In summer central Asia has the same winds as western Siberia, W. and N. W.,
while in winter the difference is great. This is clearly shown on Plates 5 and 6.
Semipalatinsk, being situated in the division of zone 50°—53°, has a system of winds
intermediate between western Siberia and central Asia, the K. being the most fre-
quent in winter, but southerly winds also occur.

Further south, on the lower Syr-Daria, at Taschkent and at Krasnovodsk (on
the eastern shore of the Caspian) N. E. winds largely prevail in winter. That this
is also the case in other parts of central Asia, where no long-continued observations
have been made, is the report of nearly all the scientific travellers who have visited
this country.’

In the prevalence of easterly winds Central Asia resembles the steppes of Southern
Russia, but there are two important differences. First, the winds are more north-
erly; second, they prevail to a much greater extent. In Central Asia the mean
direction in winter is between N. and E., while in southern Russia it is between
S. and E., Astrachan and Orenburg excepted, but these places are already on the
border of central Asia. The reason of this difference of the two regions seems

—

1 T refer, for example, to Khanikof, Basiner, Helmersen, Seyvertzof,
92 July, 1875.

730 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

to be that in central Asia the belt of highest pressure lies clearly north, while it is
N. E. from southern Russia, where it is also at a greater distance further and its
influence less felt. (See Plate 14.)

It was also Wesselowski who proved the existence of a zone of N. E. winds
in Central Asia, though the observations at the time when he published his work
(1857) were very few.

Below are the percentages of winds for spring and autumn :—

Autumn.

Easteru Ural .
Kourgan

Tobolsk

Omsk 5

Krasnojarsk .

Jenisseisk 2 3 5

Valley of the Syr-Daria

Taschkent : . f
Krasnovodsk (E. shore of Caspian)

The proportion of westerly winds is larger in autumn than in winter, except
in Krasnojarsk, where the great frequency of 8. W. winds in winter has a local
cause. Westerly winds are the most frequent at Jenisseisk and Tobolsk, which
is not the case in winter. The westerly winds in autumn are stronger than in
winter, and local conditions not so important.

South of 50° easterly winds prevail largely. Pressure has risen in central Asia
in autumn, and the region of high barometer is again found to the northward,
yet not so much as in winter, as I have shown in the case of Orenburg. (See Plate 7.)

The Austro-Hungarian polar expedition has given us an insight into the winds of
the region between 75°-80° lat. N., between Nova-Zembla and the newly discov-
ered land of Francis Joseph. As the observations have not yet been reduced, I can
but mention some remarks about the winds made by Capt. Weyprecht. In the first
winter, when they were drifted from near Cape Nassau to about 785° L. N. and 73°
Long. E., they had S. E. and S. W. winds, in the spring the number of N. E.
increased. At this time they had drifted to the westward. In the second winter
(October, 1873, to May, 1874), they were about 792° L. N., and 59° Long. E., not far
from Francis Joseph Land, and had largely prevailing E. N. E. winds (more than 50
per cent. of all winds).

It seems that in the polar sea, north of western Siberia, as well as in that north
of Europe (Bear Island and Spitzbergen), the polar winds are far from prevailing
to such an extent as in the same latitude on the North American continent and the
islands north of it.

The observations in northern Nova-Zembla? show also a considerable number of

* Petermann’s Mittheilungen, year 1875, No. 2.
* By Capt. Tobiesen, calculated by Prof. H. Mohn, see Petermann’s Mitth. 1874, No. 5.

—

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. Fl

southerly winds in winter. The following are the percentages in winter on the

northern coast of Nova-Zembla.
Me WET, i, GI, S. he We Nea
DD By Ish, BOO 1B, Bal We, XO) all Ga aT 4

Here it seems that the winds blow from the land towards the partially open sea,
with its low pressure and high temperature. By winds from the land I mean here
local winds from the island itself, as also those from the cold Siberian continent.

We have seen before that prevailing westerly winds extend to the Jenisei.
Farther north and east we have but very few observations. It seems that we have
here the region of polar calms in winter. The number of calms increases towards
the interior and N. E. of Siberia, till at last there can be said to be no prevailing
wind. This is the region of highest pressure in winter, as shown on Plate 14, and of
also the greatest cold. Here, unlike the American polar regions, the cold of winter
is very permanent, and also high pressure. The cold is not brought by winds, but
is generated on the spot by radiation.

I give below the percentages of winds as observed at some few stations.

Winter.

Korennoje Filipovskoje
Wsagemelic: gi oa, a
Nijnikolymsk

Yacoutsk . 3 ute
Mines of Nertchinsk .

Korennoje Filipovskoje
SYocOutSKeremrneg julie (ew ivevcene) | fay, vel de oe “yep ee
MinestoteNertchinskKay.s cn cp sees ss) = 9 2) 11} 18! 86

In the first three places, situated’ in the vicinity of the Arctic Ocean, there is a
decided prevalence of monsoon winds—from the land in winter, from the sea in
summer. The mean direction at Nijnikolymsk’ is in—

Summer, N. 58° E. .48: Winter, S. 16° W. 48: Wear, &, 12 1), 25.

The direction of the winds in autumn and spring is probably nearest to that of
winter, as may be expected from so high a latitude, where the land is colder than
the sea a great part of the year. Thus the mean yearly direction is nearly S. The
direction of winds on the northern coast of Siberia is about the same as on the

shores of the White Sea (Archangel and Kem).

It is difficult to determine the reason of the frequent N. winds at Yacoutsk,
if the air flows towards the Pacific Ocean and is deflected from its true course by
the direction of the valley. At any rate, calms are the prevailing feature in win-

1 The detailed calculations on the winds at this place were published by Spassky in his ‘ Sibirski
Vjestnik,” year 1823. I have used here only the figures given by Wesselowski, p. 231, as I could not
obtain the original.

739 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.
ter. In the summer, winds from N., E., 8., and W. are about equally frequent.
It seems that in September and October, when westerly winds are so prevailing
in Western Siberia, warm and moist currents of air from the Atlantic can extend
to Yacoutsk. At least westerly winds reach the maximum of their frequency in
October (20 per cent.). In this month the flow of air towards Central Asia has
ceased, while pressure has not risen high enough at Yacoutsk to prevent westerly
winds from the Atlantic. October is also the cloudiest month of the year, the
amount of clouds being 6.9, while March has only 2.6. The number of rainy days
then is also the greatest in the year.

At the mines of Nertschinsk calms are more prevalent than at any other station
we know of. In the winter months 65 to 70 observations out of 100 show no
movements of the air, and the recorded winds are generally weak. In spring and
summer there are less calms and more strong winds. The basin of the Upper
Amoor is thus shown to belong yet to the region of Siberian calms (in winter).

While this is the case in the lowlands and valleys, it seems that the conditions
are different in higher regions of the atmosphere. At Mount Alibert, 200 miles
west of Irkutsk, and over 7000 feet high, a very constant and strong W. N. W. wind
is observed. This place was inhabited some years on account of rich mines of
graphite, and it was necessary to erect a wall to protect the inmates from the violence
of this wind. The mean temperature was found to be much higher in winter than
in the same latitude in lower levels. ‘This wind is probably the upper current
flowing towards the Siberian pole of highest pressure. It has been supposed that
such upper currents flowed towards all regions of high pressure, but this has been
proved only for the polar limits of the trades.

MONSOON REGION OF EASTERN ASIA.

Southeastward from the coldest space of Siberia, towards the Pacific Ocean, we
have the region of Asiatic monsoons. I have already explained the cause of the
movement of air in this region, and it is only necessary to show how far it extends
and how small our knowledge of the northern part of the monsoon region was until
the last year. The percentages of the winds in winter and summer are given in
the annexed table:—

Summer,

ls. z.

| NE
_ | .
1 Ore 65 Oo Or BPWOOADMAc !

a et et i |

Cet NeSMdHw]

Zone 8. N. 246. Nikolaievsk, on the Amoor

- N. 400(a), Possiet Bay . .
. N. 400(0), Olga Bay °
N.
Ne

_
bel

S

f=)

ys
OROn:

401. Hakodade, N. Japan
Yokohama

192. Nangasaki
New Chwang, Mantchooria

\ Japan

N. 227. Pekin
N. 228. Chefoo
N. 189. Shanghai . 0 5 :
Pacific Ocean, 1850-1450 EF. .
N. 42(a). Victoria Peak, Hong Kong.
N.44(a), Pacific Ocean, 1200-1300 EB.

i
onwmonw or

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 133

The mass of air which is drawn towards the Asiatic continent in summer is so
great that the ordinary conditions prevailing over extensive areas of the oceans
must be disturbed, as shown on Plates 5 and 14. As there is also a great mass of
air drawn towards India and Indo-China, we must here consider Eastern and
Southern Asia together.

The summer monsoon of Asia is a deflection of air already in motion, that is of
part of the S. KE. trade of the Indian Ocean and part of the N. E. trade of the Pacific
Ocean. It is easy to prove this for the Indian Ocean, as the observations there
are numerous and well discussed. This is not the case for the Pacific Ocean. Yet
seeing a region of high pressure about 30° N. to the E. of China, it is impossible
to conceive how the air from above it should not be drawn towards the heated
Asiatic continent with its low pressure. Probably at the beginning of the summer
monsoon, only the air over the nearest parts of the ocean is drawn towards Asia,
and the circle extends as long as the pressure continues to sink over the continent.

The direction of the winds in summer on the coast of E. Siberia, as well as in
China and Japan, shows that they cannot have come from the southern hemisphere,
as they otherwise would have a direction from the S. W. as in India, and not E.,
S. E.,or 8. It seems that the air from the Pacific supplies the northern part of
this region, from about 25° to60° N. In Southern China the prevailing winds are
already S. W., so that this is probably air from the southern hemisphere. (See
Plates 5 and 6.)

As in summer the Asiatic continent attracts the winds, so, on the contrary, in
winter a continuous stream of cold dry air pours out from it towards the surrounding
seas. It takes mostly two directions: towards the depression in the northern part
of the Pacific as S. W., W., and N. W. winds, and towards the equatorial region as
aN. EK. On the coast of E. Siberia, in northern China and northern Japan the
winds are mostly N. W., in southern Japan and middle China they are N., and
near the tropics they have a direction from the N. E.

The climate of the whole monsoon region is characterized by a great regularity.
This is not only the case in the tropics, but also in the temperate zone. The
periodicity of the change of monsoons is the leading feature, taking place at more
or less fixed periods, with slight changes from year to year. ‘The N. monsoon of
winter is the dry time of the year, the summer or S. monsoon the time of clouds
and rain. So, for example, at Pekin the amount of clouds is 2.5 in January and
6.3 in July, at Ochotsk, Ajan and Nikolaievsk (Amoor) 2.5 in January and 5.0 in
August (an entirely clear sky = 0, an entirely overcast 10). At Pekin the
quantity of rain in July is more than fifty times greater than in January.

Ag this distribution of rain and clouds is caused by the monsoon, which brings
the dry, cold air of the continent in winter, and the vapor-laden air of the sea in
summer, thus causing the above-mentioned periodicity, we have means of judging
of the character of the climates of this region even without having observations of
winds, For a great extent of country, in China and Mantchooria as well as in
eastern Siberia, we have no long-continued observations, yet the general character
of the climate is known. ‘Thus we must include in the monsoon zone, besides
the tropical countries of India and Indo-China, all of China and Japan, Corea,

734 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

Mantchooria, the Amoor provinces and the western coast of the sea of Ochotsk,
till about 60° N. L. (See Plates 5, 6, 7.)

As this last extension of the monsoon zone is not generally accepted, it is
necessary to give some further details. I have already stated that on the last-
named coast the cloudiness is double in summer of that of winter. The KE. winds
of summer and the W. winds which set in September or October lasting all winter
are so well known to the inhabitants that they sail in July and August from
Kamtschatka to Ajan or Ochotsk and return in September or October, having in
each passage favorable winds. The rains have also a marked monsoon character at
Ajan, only they are somewhat delayed, the largest amount falling in August and
September. ‘This is due to the great masses of ice in the sea of Ochotsk, which
disappear only in the end of summer. So long as the sea is colder than the land,
precipitation can not be copious, which is the case until August and September
when the sea is warmer than the land.

As to the upper Amoor, the small amount of snow falling in winter and the
abundant rains of summer also tend to show that this region is under the influence
of the monsoons.

I give below the percentage of the prevailing winds of the different months at
Hakodade (42° N. L.) and Nikolaievsk (53° N. L.) to show with how much regu-
larity the change takes place in these northern latitudes, which were till now
considered as not belonging to the monsoon regions.

Nikolaievsk. Hakodade.

W., N. W.

January . rubs 4 : 4 : 80
February . . F . : . 5 72
March 5 6 2 - 5 6 : ¢ 50
April . : 5 . a 2 é a | | 39
May . . 5 5 5 : : 25
June. 2 ‘ 4 5 5 5 5 20
July . . - 5 : 5 : é - 16
August . Sar E : : : a j 25
September . : : . : : 45
October . : “i : : Fs 5 : 55
November . ci 5 c 0 5 : 63
December . 6 : 5 5 4 2 72

India and adjacent regions have been long known to the Europeans as the classical
country of the monsoons, though as we have seen their course is not less regular in
China and Japan. There is a reason why the mind is more impressed with their
regularity in the Indian Seas; owing to the low latitude, there is scarcely any dif-
ference of temperature between winter andsummer. The change of the season from
wet to dry and vice versa is then the only conspicuous feature in the course of the
year. In China and Japan the difference of temperature is greater between the two
seasons, and these changes more attract the attention. The inhabitant of a tempe-
rate zone finds here the habitual difference between winter and summer, and thus
considers this climate as resembling his own, different as it may be in the course of
the winds and the period of rains, ‘The atmospheric pressure of the monsoon region
is illustrated on Plate 14, the winds on Plates 5, 6 and 7.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 135

SUNDA AND PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.

In the seas south of Indo-China there isa double system of monsoons. The §. E.
trade crosses the equator in our summer, and gradually is changed toaS.andS. W.
wind, while during our winter the N. E. trade crosses into the southern hemisphere,
by and by assuming a direction from N. W. This last movement is caused by the
heating and rarefaction of the air over Australia.

The Sunda Islands, being situated near the equator, are under the influence of
both monsoons. The one or the other of them can bring rain, and this depends
much more on local causes than on the situation north or south of the equator.
The direction of the wind in this Archipelago and the surrounding seas is not only
governed by the flow of air towards Asia and Australia (the great monsoons), but
also by the heating and rarefaction of the air on the islands themselves, especially
on the largest, Borneo and Sumatra. Even on the island of Java, narrow as it is,
there are great irregularities in the course of the monsoons caused by day and night
winds, at least at some seasons.!

I give here the mean direction of the winds at Batavia, from the elaborate dis-
cussion of the observations made at this place by Dr. Bergsma, director of the
Observatory.

direction. |
Ratio of
resultant.
Ratio of
resultant.
Mean
direction.
Ratio of
resultant,

September .
October .

November .
December .

January
February .
March .
April

bo
oo
°

4ahe

oD
ee
mets

oon
aA

l= r)
ee

It will be seen that the west monsoon (in our winter) is much more regular than
the east monsoon. Besides, in the last season, the mean direction of the wind is
to the N. of E., while the S. E. trade should be expected.

This is probably due to sea and land winds, which blow more regularly and
strongly, as this is a comparatively dry season.

I give next some percentages from this region, adding the Philippine Islands,
where the extreme regularity of both monsoons is remarkable, while the Sunda
Islands show more local deflections.

June to August. December to February.

| NE.

ray
WOAANGS |

Zone 16. Santa Anna, Philippine Islands
«18. CelebesSea . - . ». » = =:
. Indian Ocean, 110°-115° E..
o Avera TRS So. oskoe stu
. Indian Ocean, 105°-110° E. .
. Southwestern Sumatra

wrormeawo! N.
sro mato | N Ww.
Bao |S E

=

1 An excellent sketch of the winds of Java, by Lieut. Jansen, is published in Maury’s “ Physical
Geography of the Sea.”

736 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

MONSOON REGION OF SOUTHERN ASIA.

Further west, on the Indian Ocean, and the Bay of Bengal, the following table
shows the passage of the S. E. trade into the S. W. monsoon. I have given the
result of observations on the eastern part of the ocean between 90° and 100° in
percentages,

June to August. | December to February.

N.

Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal, bet. 90° & 100° E
“ “ “

-10 §.

« 0 =F

“ 0) -—5

ke 5 -10
(Port Blair, Andaman Islands) 10-15
Bay of Bengal 15. -20

PrRobaThy

Between 5°-10° S. the S. E. trade prevails yet. From 0—5° S. these S. W. winds
are already more frequent, which may be partly caused by the influence of Suma-
tra, although the S. and S. E. winds are also frequent. Between 0 and 10° N. the
prevalence of S. W. is very large, but S. and W. are also well represented. North
of 10° N. the S. W. winds prevail nearly to the exclusion of allothers. In our winter
the N. FE. monsoon (or trade) largely prevails between 5° and 15° N. Between 0°
and 5° N. the number of N. E. winds has decreased one-half, while N. and N. W.
have increased in number, while from 0° to 10° S., west winds are the most nume-
rous.

If we take a more westerly meridian, the result will be more clearly seen, as in
the next table, and also on Plates 5 and 6.

June to August. December to February.

Mean direction. | Ratio of || Mean direction. | Ratio of
resultant. | resultant,|

I
a)

worn
oam
Piet el

Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal 10°-15° S., 80°-85° E.
< ce Gs 5 -10 §., 80 -85 E.

-5 S., 75 -85
-5 N., 80 -90
-10 N., 80 -85
10 -15 N., 85 -90
15 -20 N., 85 -90

jeofesMesileoHeoies|
naaaame|
is
o

09 or
oO

Here we have from June to August the mean direction of the wind passing from
S. 63° E. through S. 22° E. to 8. 58° W., while farther north the mean direction
becomes a little more southerly, probably owing to the influence of the continent.
Still more regular is the passage of the N. E. trade into the N. W. monsoon of the
southern hemisphere.

In the western part of the Indian Ocean, towards the coast of Africa, we have
the following percentages :—

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 137

June to August.

N. W.

Haslet Ocean, 109-159 §. 400-450 &
§ -10 S. 45 -50

0 -5 S. 45 —55

0 -5 N. 40 -50

5 -10 N. 40 -60

10 -15 N. 50 -60

oo

co HOahse |

mMowwod | ~

Pe)
S

Here theS. E. trades prevail 8. of 5°S.; between 0° and 5° S. there is a zone of vari-
able winds, where S. E.,8., 8. W. and W. are most frequent, and north of the equa-
tor the 8. W. monsoon is well established. From December to February the N. E.
trades have an easterly direction between 10° and 15°-N. They become more N. E.
between 0° and 10° N., and between 5° and 10° S, N. W. winds are already pre-
vailing.

Below the percentage of winds at some stations of India is given:—

June to August. December to January.

| NE.

| x.
1-10 |

Darko |

eo | wy.

boost |

Caleutta

N. Central India . 6
Bareilly, Central India .
Roorkee . 5

H

Zone 12. N.185(a). Moultan 5
«12. N.188(b). Lodianah and Dehra Doon
Zone 15. . 35. Bombay, vumber of obs.
. number of miles
“ 1G. WN. 36. Madras .
N. 34. Dodabetta, g640tt. /Nellgherries
“17. N. 38. Colombo, Ceylon

SS
opm UAH

H
WoRATSH 1-1

hoo PO hop

There is less regularity in the winds of India, taken as a whole, than in Eastern
Asia. Especially this is the case if we expect the summer monsoon to be every-
where 8. W., and that of winter everywhere N. E. without regard to the position
of the station towards the region of lowest pressure, and towards the ocean.!

At Calcutta the monsoons must be N. and S., as the region of lowest pressure lies
to the N. W. of this place, somewhere in the Punjab, as seen on Plate 14. In the
N. W. provinces of India the winds of summer are rather S. E., while N. W. and W.
winds prevailin winter. The latter is a current of air from the interior of the penin-
sula towards the sea, and has much in common with the N. W. winds of Eastern
Asia. Farther to the N. W. at Lodianah and Dehra-Doon, we are nearly out of the
monsoon region. According to Blanford the winter winds begin on the plains of
Northern India, where the pressure is high at that season. ‘They flow towards the
seas to the 8. W. and S. E.

At Bombay there is a very slight change in the direction of the prevailing wind,

* M. Blanford has well discussed the monsoons of Bengal and the adjoining provinces, and their

. relation to pressure, in ‘‘ Reports of the Meteorol. Reporter of the Govt. of Bengal.”

93 July, 1875,

738 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. i

it being N. N. W. in winter, and W. 8. W. in summer. Yet Bombay is known to
have very marked monsoon seasons, that is, scarcely any rain falls in winter, while it
is profuse from June to September, At Madras the monsoons are from the same
<lirection as on the seas in the same latitude, N. E. in winter, 8S. W. in summer.
‘The relative position of land and sea has in this case a very small influence, other-
wise we should have E. and S. E. winds in summer, W. and N. W. in winter.
Madras is nearly due South of the lowest pressure in summer, and the difference
is sufficiently great to give the prevalence and regularity of S. W. winds.

The winds at Dodabetta, a high station on the Neilgherries, S. W. of Madras, are
peculiar ; N. W. winds prevail in summer and S. E. in winter. This shows that the
inovement of air which is experienced near the sea-level does not extend very high.
‘The mean direction in winter and summer is more than 90° different from that of
Madras and other stations of India in low latitudes, and nearly the opposite of
that of Calcutta, Central India and the Punjab, as shown by the following table:—

direction.
Mean
direction
resultant.
direction
Ratio of
resultant.

Colombo, Ceylon
Madras

Dodabetta .

Caleutta .

Bareilly .

Roorkee . 5 C
Sialkote, near Lahore
Bombay

e PAID
WS Or Bm bor
)

Ann2za2zs |
waz2 ZZ
b

boo

Thus, on a great part of the continent of India, the motion of air is towards the
centre of lowest pressure in the Punjab, as also seen on Plates 5, 6, and 7, while at
Dodabetta, $640 feet high, it is from the Punjab. It seems thus, that the rarefaction
of air does not extend to very high regions. In the winter, on the contrary, air
moves from N. W. India towards the Bay of Bengal, and in the opposite direction
at Dodabetta.

Blanford considers the winds at this high station as somewhat similar to the
return-trade or westerly winds blowing over the trades on tropical seas.

At Roorkee the mean pressure in January is 29.15, in June 28.62, difference
0.53 inche, at Dodabetta it is 22.18 in January, 22.09 in June, difference 0.09 in.

It is also seen that the summer monsoon is shorter in the northern part of India,
spring and autumn having the same direction of the wind as winter, only the ratio
of resultant is smaller, At Calcutta and Madras the S. winds are already estab-
lished early in spring, while at Colombo, Ceylon, still farther south, spring, summer,
and autumn have the same direction of wind, (See Plate 7.)

The dominating winds seem also to be the strongest. So, for example, at Bom-
bay, the greatest mean velocities were distributed as follows: in May S. 8S. E. 16.5
miles an hour, June S. 8S. E. 27.5 miles, July W. 8. W. 21.4, August S. W. 17.0,
December N, N, W. 18.9, January N. N. W. 14.1, and in February N. W. 14.6,

ISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 712

South of the tropic in India’ the pressure is so-much lower on the land than on
the sea, that the yearly direction is S. or S. W., with a ratio of resultant, increasing
towards the south.

Calcutta S. 2° KE. .163. Madras 8. 30° W. .18. Colombo S. 61° W. .29.

Farther to the west, at Bombay, the mean yearly direction is N. 454° W. .42, thus
showing a flow of air from the west, or a much higher pressure on the part of the
Indian Ocean between India and North Africa, as also seen on Plates 3 and 14.

As will be shown hereafter, the prevailing winds are also W. and N. W., in Syria
and Mesopotamia, especially in summer, but to a less degree in the mean of the
year.

WESTERN ASIA.

In Western Asia, that is, in the part of the continent west of India and south of
the Caucasus and Black Sea, numerous observations of the winds have not been
made. Yet they are needed much more than, for example, in India and eastern Asia,
because the latter countries have such a marked climatic type that a very few stations
are enough to give us an idea of the whole. Not so western Asia, where there is
no regularity and uniformity of climate, and where many local causes have influence
on the wind at the few stations established there. ‘The following table gives the
PERCENTAGES of winds in this region:—

PERCENTAGES.

Winter.

4. Mosul
- Bagdad
. Beirut
. Jerusalem .
. Aleppo
. Isl. of enmees near - Astra-
bad, S. EH. Caspian : ;
5 219. Lenkoran .
. 217. Aralikh
oO 2 LAS) 5
. 387(a) & 388. Redout-Kaleh & Poti
. 386. Trebizonde . A
. 213. Erzeroom . C .
. N. 379. Constantinople .

ANoowl
i ee OF
aTHNWOnm |

a

an!
SFROnN BaThH

=r)

. ina
OO Be or orb He on bo

s“Tto Sr aTh 10%

=)
ws

The first five places have extremely prevailing west and northwest winds in
summer—a flow of air towards the depression in Central Asia. At Beirut, Jeru-
salem and Aleppo, they may be said to be sea-winds, but this is certainly not the
case at Mosul and Bagdad, as the Persian Gulf lies to the 8. E. of them. Here the
winds in the summer are directed from the land to the sea, as also during the same
time at Madras. ‘This movement is thus shown not to be local, caused by the
difference of temperature between land and sea, but it is part of the general move-
ment towards the depression in Central Asia and India. ‘The meteorological effects
of these winds in Syria and Mesopotamia are very different from those of the 8. W.

740 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

monsoon in India—they bring dry and clear weather. ‘This is easily explained by
their origin and direction: in Mesopotamia they come over the land, in Syria from
a colder part of the sea.

In all these stations there is a greater number of N., N. E., and E. winds in winter
than in summer, Jerusalem alone excepted. In this the influence of the high pres-
sure of the more northerly parts of Asia is clearly seen, and is also shown by Plate
14. Yet it seems that the higher pressure prevailing over northern Africa in
that season, and generally about 30° N., has also an influence on the winds: the
S. W. in Jerusalem and Beirut, and the W. at Bagdad have probably this origin.
Generally the winds are not as constant in winter as they are in summer,

On the Caspian local monsoons prevail. Ashur-Ade, an island in the S. E.
corner of the sea, has KE. winds in winter and W. in summer. Lenkoran, on the
western shore, has prevailing S. E. in summer and N. W. in winter.

At Aralikh at the foot of the Ararat, the prevailing winds are S. K. in winter,
that is, from the interior of the continent, and W. in summer.

On the eastern shore of the Black Sea, we see again very strongly marked mon-
soon winds, from the land (E ) in winter, from the sea (S. W., W.)in summer. The
winds here are nearly opposite to those of Lenkoran. It will be noticed that the
monsoon character is more marked on the eastern shore of the Black Sea; the
reason is, that here the local monsoons correspond to the general movement of the
air over this part of Asia, while at Lenkoran they are nearly opposite to it. (See
Plates 5 and 6.) The winds of Tiflis are too much influenced by the locality to
show the general flow of air over the region.

Trebizonde has prevailing E. and N. W. winds in winter and summer. The
country around is very mountainous, and nearly all winds come from one of these
two directions. It is very difficult to reach a conclusion on the character of the
winds when they are so much influenced by locality.’

It seems that the winds at Erzeroom are also much influenced by locality, as it
is situated in a rugged mountainous country. It may be that at this elevation,
above 6000 feet, the winds are not the same as in the lowlands. E. and N. E. are
prevailing here the whole year. I must remark that at all continental stations of
western Asia, north, east, and south of Erzeroom the winds are either W. or N. W.
in summer (Tiflis, Aralikh, Ooroomiah, Mt. Seir, Bagdad, Mosul, Aleppo). (See
Plate 5.) This is with the exception of Alexandropol, which is also a high station
(4800 feet) on the plateau of Armenia, At Constantinople the local position is such
as to allow scarcely any other wind than N. E. and S. W.; the N. E. are dominant,
But it would be rash to conclude that this is the trade-wind. We have seen that
to the N. W. of the Black Sea there is a region of prevailing N. W. winds. The
country is so walled in by mountains, especially south of the Black Sea, in Asia
Minor, that the air must escape through the narrow aperture of the Bosphorus ;
thence the N. E. winds at Constantinople.

Some meteorologists think that the “trades” are dominant in Western Asia,
reaching as far as Constantinople. This idea is founded on the observations at Erze-

1 See the remarks of the observer at Erzeroom, Rev. N. Benjamin, in the tables, p. 371.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 741

room, Trebizonde and Constantinople, given by Prof. Coffin in his “ Winds of the
Northern Hemisphere.” I have shown that so far as the summer is concerned, we
cannot accept this conclusion, At Constantinople and Trebizonde the winds are
too strongly influenced by locality, and Erzeroom is too high to warrant an applica-
tion to the lower regions. Besides this, at other stations, better situated, the winds
are westerly. As to the winter, and especially the autumn, I have no difficulty in
admitting prevailing N. and E. winds in Trans-Caucasia and Asia Minor, but these
are winds which have not the constancy of the trades. (See Plates 6, 7 and 14.)

I should say that the erroneous opinion in regard to the extension of the trades
cannot be imputed to Prof. Coffin, The number of stations was so small when he
wrote his book (1853), that he wisely refrained from a conclusion!

NORTH AFRICA.

In Africa north of the equator the winds are as given in percentages in the
following table:—

|
fe 3 e| le 3
Z\e2\Alulalaile lez ile lela
Eastern Africa— |
Zone 12. Alexandria and Port Said - |84) 5) 2) 2) 3) 3) 9! 4ai| 9] 9] 4
“12. Cairo and Ismailia . 0 0 - |48] 16) 9) 1) 2) Oo} 1) 241! a1] q6| 92
“ 13. N. 73(a). Suez x i é 43} 1) 0} 0} 2) 4) 1/49/33) 3] 1
“13. N. 72. W. Egypt (Oases) 0 a \itevy AY IO OY OL SO ON Sil al By
« 13. N. 74. Upper Egypt P i 0 cool} -ao0|| cml] cell sos|l coal! cool! coolll yl)
« 14. N. 29. N. W. Nubia : 3 6 cal] coal!’ cool| cell sal! cccl] cool eeolll ZU Gl. O
“ 16. N. 25. Sennaar, Nubia . F 6 0} 0; 2) 4 71) 14) 7 il 92! ol0.7
W. and Central Africa—
« 12. N. 178. Tripoli : 0 4 5 15] 26} 21) 20) 6) a) 2) 4

« 13. N. 71(@). Murzonk . 5 " 5 peal! coal) cool) “cosl| cael! osall scocll cool th ad) AN TI)
“ 11. Northern Algeria? . c é c 18) 20; 7 3) 5] 8! 8] 31i| sia} 4
“ 16. N. 24(b). Goree, Cape Verde . 13} 12) 1) 3) 6) 15) 81} 19}| 24 50 23
“16. Kouka, Bornoo 2) 3) 1) 3) 11/55} 22) ol] 23/50! 6

fo Nhe 35(a). Christiansborg, Guinea at | | |
7 A. M. 3 6 1} 0} 0} 0/0.4).24) 19\54)) 6) 3) oj}
The same at noon . 5 6 2 0} 0} 00.3/0.5) 99'0.3/0.1)/0.4/1.5/1.2)

To express the general features of the climate of Africa north of the equator,
it may be said that N. of 17° N. northerly winds prevail the whole year, especially
in the south of this zone, and south of 17° N. the winds are north in the winter
and south in the summer. (See Plates 5 and 14.)

The division-line of about 17° is the zone of lowest pressure in summer, From
the north air is drawn towards it from the Mediterranean, producing a wind similar
to the trade in its constancy and other features. From the S. air is drawn in from
the equatorial parts of the Atlantic and Indian oceans, and, coming over a great
extent of warm sea, it brings clouds and rain as in the case of the Asiatic monsoon.

1 For example, p. 137 of the ‘“ Winds of the Northern Hemisphere.”
_? Mean of Algiers, Oran, Mostaganem, Setif, Oum-'Theboul.

742 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

We have seen already that on the Atlantic the division-line between the N. E. trade
and the S. W. monsoon of the African coast runs about 12° N., the trade losing
its regularity even at 14° N. in July. On the continent this line runs more north.
The country to the north, having the whole year N. winds, is rainless, or nearly so;
it is the Sahara or Great Desert ; south is the Soudan, the country of Agriculture,
where vegetation is more and more luxuriant the more we advance southward.
This is caused by the longer continuance of the rain ‘They reach in the middle
of the summer to about 17°, but in spring and autumn the division-line is more to
the south, and south of this line there are southerly winds and rains.

The African traveller Rohlfs remarks that “in the beginning of July we traversed
the Titiimna or Great Steppe between 16° and 17° where a luxuriant vegetation is
found. I noticed a remarkable change in the direction of the wind, instead of the
N. E., E. and S. E. we had before, the 8. W. was prevailing now. Later, when we
came to the country with tropical rains (Kouka) the S. W. was still prevailing, though
the rain-clouds came from the S. E.”! The woodland (Mimosa trees) began at
about 154° N. on the route he traversed. Very similar are the conditions in Nubia.
Irregular tropical rains fall as far north as 19° N., further there is a country of
prairies or savannah (openings) and still further south the woodland begins. The
observations at Sennaar show very well the character of the climate in 8. Nubia:
N. winds in winter, S. winds in summer, both largely prevailing. (See Plate 7.)
The remarkable frequence of calms when the sun passes the zenith is also to be
noticed. So, for example, at Schimmedru, 18° 57’ N., there were 37 per cent. of
calms in April, 62 per cent. in May, and 47 per cent. in June. At Kouka, 12° 52’,
N. Rohlfs observed 46 per cent. of calms in July, 66 per cent. in August, and 51
per cent. in September. The sun is at its zenith at Schimmedru in May and at
Kouka in August.

Gorée exhibits the change of monsoon in Western Africa.

Further S., on the coast of Guinea, the winds are from the same direction the
whole year; this is the region of the S. W. winds. The daily period is very well
marked the whole year, the winds being N. W. in the night and morning, and
S. W. in the middle of the day.

On the shores of the Mediterranean the direction of the wind is not the same as
in the desert. Especially in Algeria, where the N. W. is most frequent winter
and summer. (Sce Plates 5,6, and 7.) At the coast stations of Egypt (Alex-
andria and Port Said) W. and S. W. prevail in winter, and N. and N. W. in
summer. ‘There is a belt of highest pressure in winter, and, besides this, there are
winds from the land to the sea in the cold season. Farther south, N. W. and N,
winds prevail the whole year, as at Cairo, Ismailia, Suez.

1 See Petermann’s Mittheilungen, Hrgiinzungsheft, N. 25.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS 743

SOUTH AFRICA.

The winds of South Africa are very little known, except in the British Colonies
in the extreme south. :

It has been said already that along the west coast of S. Africa there were S. W.
winds, that is, from the cold marine current towards the land. On the E. coast of
Africa easterly winds prevail, although from December to February they are rather
N. E., as the southern hemisphere is much heated then, and the pressure is higher
on the north.

The mean direction and amount in percentage are as follows :—

June to August. December to February.
Mozambique Channel, 159-2098. . . . §. 17°R, 85 N. 31° H. 28
Indian Ocean, 209-259 S., 479-50° E.. . S. 84°. T1 N. 67° H. 66
PorisWonis; Mauritins) = = 9... . = 8. GLO RH 663 N. 83° H. AT

June to August. December to February.
A a E Bi [a =| E| |e
ZiZ\/AlalulnlElalealealalaljlalalele|
apne Dy Nis SSL EG CER CED Dn Gn Nene Pia | | eS ele a eake
Port Louis, Mauritius . x 3) 2) 31/48) 6) 1) 3) 4i| 6] L686) 21) 2) 2) 6) 10
« 24. N. 38. Natal, 5. E. Africa : : 10) 7/22) 19)" 9) 9) 9) 17! 5) 7 29) 81; 10) 6) 3) 9
“ 24. N. 44. Grahamstown, Cape Colony . 1) 4) 2) 4) 3) 24) 18/43) 3] 8] 10) 27) 13)}27) 5) 6
Graff Reinet, Cape Colony . |34| 2) 2) 8) 15) 7 4/29)) 7 2) 1) 756) 19) 7 4
“« 25. N. 41. Cape Town, Cape Colony 5 31] 6) 6|/32) 14) 1) 1) 9j| 3)0.310.5) 9) 67 4 4\ 7

In Natal the general character of the winds is tropical, they are still E., but
more regular in the summer season of the southern hemisphere (December to
February).

In the Cape Colony the winds are regularly sub-tropical: polar (S.) from
December to February, and equatorial (N., N. W.) from June to August. ‘The
regular yearly movement of the belt of highest pressure which forms the polar
limit of the trades is seen here, in the extreme S. of Africa. In the warm season
(December to February) it moves southward further towards the pole, so that
the Cape Colony has then S. winds. In the winter (June to August) it recedes
northward towards the equator. A reference to the map of isobars (Plate 14) will
show that in July (midwinter) the pressure is very high in 8. Africa, the isobar of
30.2 inches going from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean, in latitude about 30°.
In January, on the contrary, a pressure of 30 inches is found nowhere on the
continent of S, Africa, nor on the Indian Ocean, but is restricted to the region of
the cold marine current on the Atlantic.

744 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. ;

INDIAN OCEAN.

I have given before some figures relating to the northern part of the Indian Ocean.
Unfortunately we are far from knowing the winds of this ocean so well as those of
the Atlantic. ‘The limits of the trades especially are more uncertain. The posi-
tion of the Indian Ocean is such, that only the §. E. trade is developed to its full
extent, and in our summer, is attracted towards the heated continent of Asia, and,
owing to the rotation of the earth, gradually becomes a 8. W. wind. There is no
equatorial belt of calms at that season, and a reference to the map of isobars, Plate
14, will show that pressure increases then from the polar limits of the S. E. trade,
about 25° S. uninterruptedly to the continent of Asia. This is also the explana-
tion of the S. W. Monsoon, which is only the deflected S. E. trade.

Even in our winter (December to February) the winds in the Indian Ocean are
under the influence of continents. In the northern part the winds are N. W., that is
the N. E. trade crosses the equator, and is drawn towards the heated continent of
Australia, Nearer to Africa, the winds are N. E. at this season, also occasioned by
a deflection of the trade-wind towards the tropical and sub-tropical part of Africa.
Thus, on the whole, the Indian Ocean is more under the influence of the conti-
nents than the Atlantic. The following table gives the direction of the winds :—

June to August. | December to February.

ww | E.

SCHORWWNWoHD |

23. Indian Ocean, 47°— 50° E.
“ ce 110°-115° E.
& 75°— 83° EB.
25°— 30° E.
25°— 30° E.
55° 60° E.
115°-120° E.
115°-120° E.
45°- 60° E.
Desolation Island

= | x. w.

Cela

DO hE BS |

PHO DOaAIWwannl
cms bo

There seems not to be a great difference between the limits of the N. E. trades
in the eastern and western part of the Indian Ocean at all equal to that in the
Atlantic. In Zone 25 (30° to 35° S.) we see acertain predominance of 8. W. winds,
which in the southern hemisphere correspond to the N. W.in the northern. In the
North Atlantic Ocean there is a zone of prevailing northerly winds, rather N. W.
than N. E. Thus in the Indian Ocean, especially near the coast of Africa (25° to
30° E.) we are already out of the S. E. trade, while 8. and 8S. W. are yet prevailing.
(See Plates 5, 6 and 7.)

Between 35° and 40° S, the westerly winds prevail very largely, and further
south the number increases. Besides the large percentage of winds from this
direction, they are also very strong, and in all respects prevail more extensively
than in the corresponding latitudes of the northern hemisphere. It will be seen
that the difference of pressure between north and south is here very great, the
pressure being very low in the Antarctic regions, and high at the S. limit of the 8. E.

ar it

*

en ba nepeaeeaeS ae

= ge

foes.

oxen

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 745

trade. This produces the N. W. and west winds, while the great expanse of sea
gives them additional strength. The only part of the northern hemisphere where
the isobars are at all as close is the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean between
45° and 65° N. (See Plate 14.) Westerly winds prevail there, and are strong,

but they cannot acquire full strength, as they have not so broad an expanse of
ocean to blow over.

AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND.

The winds of Australia and New Zealand are largely modified by the influence
of the continent. his is indicated by the following table :—

June to August. = December to February.

|
|

| a

Somerset, Cape York .
Sween’s Island a
Brisbane, Queensland . ¢
Sydney, New South Wales .
Port Albert, Victoria .
Melbourne, &
S. W. Victoria . 5 c
Adelaide, South Australia .
Freemantle, West ‘‘
Hobarton, Tasmania
Kent’s Group, Og
Auckland, New Zealand .
Hokitika, W. Coast of S.
Island, New Zealand
Southland. E. coast of 8.
Island, New Zealand

H po | 5.

i
CoO wWNWoOI®ke woo c: |

—

The monsoon character of the winds in Australia is very marked. Somerset, on
the N. coast 10° L. S., has still the regular monsoons of the Sunda Islands. From
November to February the N. E. monsoon of India and China is drawn towards
the southern hemisphere as a N. W. monsoon, and brings with it clouds and rain.
In the other months the S. E. trade prevails very strongly, while the N. W. wind
is said to be generally weak.

Further, in Queensland we have W. and S. W. from June to August (continental
winds) and N. E. and E. from December to February (sea winds). Thus the air is
drawn towards the continent in summer, when Australia is heated, and in winter, on
the contrary, the wind blows from the land towards the sea, as also shown by Plates
5 and 6.

The colonies of Victoria and South Australia being situated on the south coast
of the continent, the land and sea winds have not the same direction here as on
the eastern coast. ‘They have N. and N. E. winds in the cold season, and S. E.,
S., and S. W. in the warm. West Australia has decidedly N. E. winds from June
to August, and S. W. from December to February.

Tasmania is somewhat under the influence of Australia, but here the winds
begin already to assume the normal maritime character, especially on the small

islands of Kent’s group, near Tasmania.
94 July, 1875.

"46 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. :

In New Zealand the influence of the land is far from being as important as in
Australia, and westerly winds largely prevailing as on the sea in the same latitudes
(36° to 47° S.). There is a difference between the east and the west coast of the
south island, separated as they are by the high and steep chain of the New Zealand
Alps.

PACIFIC OCEAN.

As in the case of the Indian Ocean, the materials for the study of the winds of
the Pacific are the percentage of the winds, as collected by Prof. Coffin, selections
from which are given in the following table:— ~

June to August. December to February.

SOCSONOTH WH NW BI

Zone 10. N. 403 and 404, Pacific Ocean, 120°
-1509E. . :
14. Pacific Ocean, 1250- 140° Ww.
14. oe 120 -130 E.
14. N. 2. Sandwich Islands .
15. China Sea, 1060-1159 E.! .
15. Pacitic Ocean, 1359-1509 W.
16. C p
Wife -100
17. -130
18. 55 -165
19. -180
ne 5 -160
19. 20 -125
20. 00 -105
21. -155
21. 5 -180
21. 105 -110
22. 150 -155
22. N.7. Society Islands c 5
22. Pacific Ocean, 859-1250 W. . -
23. 120 -150 W. .
N. 55. Port of France, New Caledonia
Pacific Ocean, 1650-1800 1D es 2
175 -180 :
85 -90
120 -150
175 -180
160 -180
120 -165
120 -125
140 -150
100 -120
85 -90

onoow

psy
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BOM WORRBHERAHOOWaAOoOSSCSO

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FaAMDmDwoownowon

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AlLwWrDWeArewNakhrKeDosowureopo

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THOR BROOWHM wh COS

re

What distinguishes the Pacific Ocean from the Atlantic is a less regular S. E. trade,
which seems to be caused by the numerous islands of Polynesia. Many of them are
high, volcanic, so as to intercept the wind for a certain distance. Another influence
exerted by these islands is the local rains, which are produced by them, partly by
condensation of the vapor brought by the trade; partly due to local calms and the
ascending current. ‘These condensations of vapor cause a lower pressure, and the
movement of the surrounding air to supply the deficiency causes irregular winds,

! For the whole year.

DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF WINDS. 747

Especially in the central and western part of the ocean (between 10°-20°S.), are
these irregularities noted. It will be seen that in these parallels the S. EK. trade is
very regular in the Atlantic Ocean. (Plates 5 and 6.)

The inner boundaries of the S. E. and N. E. trade are given as follows by Ker-
hallet in his “ Considerations Générales sur ’Ocean Pacifique.”

Months. V. E. Trade. 5. E. Trade Months, NV. E. Trade. S. E. Trade
January) 6° 30 N. 5° NE VU og go 5 9 ORGY IN, ROS AP Np
Telomnaiay 6 4 6 4 iil WS Inf, ATU 9 6 5 NES No HO Bx? INT.
Wise 5 6 6 9 82 1, Be ROSIN September . . 13°56’N. 8° 11/N.
Ajo ss 6 8 HS Ab ING BO INE, October = =.) 1229907 N. 3° 327 N;
Naya st eo OLIN: 3° 364 NE November
JWR 2 6 6 io SO BOVINE BS SO? IN, December eel2/eNe ons 6e NE

These observations show that the belt of equatorial calms is always north of the
equator. It seems that the figures given by Kerhallet are taken from observations
in the eastern part of the ocean, near the American coast, where really the S,
E. trade crosses the equator. The wide limits between the two trades in summer
are caused by the prevalence of the 8. W. monsoon on the coasts of Central and
South America. (See Plates 5, 6 and 7.)

In other parts of the Pacific Ocean the equatorial calms seem to be nearer to
the equator, and partly even south of it. According to the statements of numerous
navigators the trades are also more easterly there, and often do not leave any calm-
belt between them, so that a ship can sail from the one into the other trade with-
out interruption, as was also stated for the western part of the Atlantic Ocean.

The northern limit of the N. E. trade is also in a comparatively low latitude
in these parts, as shown, for example, by the observations at the Sandwich Islands.
They seem to be already in the zone of variable winds in the winter, N. E. and
S. W., the one being noticed about as frequently as the other. Rains are also fre-
quent in this season, with 8. W. winds, thus corroborating the testimony of the
wind observations.

The system of winds along the western coast of America has been already
discussed.

As to the middle latitudes of the southern hemisphere in the Pacific, the same
may be said of them as of the same latitudes of the Atlantic, and Indian Oceans.

ANTARCTIC ZONE.

I give next some calculations from the extreme southern part of the Pacific and
Antarctic Oceans, comprising the most southerly latitudes to which man has

yet penetrated.

1 See Pilot Chart of Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Ocean, edited by the British Admiralty. Unfor-
tunately I could not obtain it in Washington, and thus have not the possibility of tracing the limits
of the trades and monsoons according to the best source, as in the Atlantic.

748 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. :

June to August. December to February.

ai

Zone 29. 160°-165° W. 5 .
« 29. 80 -85 W. 4 .
N. 51. Heard’s Island
N. 28. 60°-70° W.
N. 13. Off Cape Horn
85°-115° W. : 3
56 -58 S., 75°-79° W.
56 -58 58., 69 -71
56 -58 S., 65 -67
60 -62 S., 63 -83
60 -65 S., 5 -15
60 -65 130 -135
60 -65 160 -176
105 -160
160 -176
By Sir James Ross
By Sir James Ross

w | N.
co |
|
AHH BRwWNWoOHa! ~

H
oo ©

WPONWO |

ray

i

DAH NIRS

SOWNRONOMS

(=r)
H

The observations in these high southern latitudes are very conclusive; from the
zone of the most prevailing westerly winds between 50° and 60°, we pass to a region
of southerly and easterly winds further south. The latitudes at which these winds
become prevailing are not the same in the whole Antarctic Ocean. South of Cape
Horn W. and N. W. winds largely prevail between 60° and 62° S., and further
south there are no observations in these meridians. Southeasterly winds are already
prevailing in the meridians of the Atlantic Ocean, between 60° and 65° S., and
also south of Australia, while again on the meridian of New Zealand 160° to 176°
E., westerly winds are the most frequent. This seems to depend much on the cur-
rents of the sea. Where warm currents carry a high temperature further south,
pressure will be lower there than in the same latitudes generally, and westerly
winds will also extend further southward. Between 65° and 70° S. Lat., on the
meridian of New Zealand, there is already a slight prevalence of southerly winds.

Between 70° and 78° S, the observations of Sir James Ross show this to be largely
the case.

Thus the hypothesis of Prof. Coffin as to the prevalence of polar winds (S. and
FE.) is shown to hold. good also for the southern hemisphere, notwithstanding the
small number of observations we possess from high southern latitudes. As to the
division-line from the W. and N. W. winds of the temperate regions, it cannot yet
be traced with precision.

DESCRIPTION OF MAPS AND DIAGRAMS.

Tue direction of the wind on the maps, Plates 1 to 13, is indicated by arrows. For example,
to indicate a N. wind, the head of the arrow is turned towards the south, and the tail towards the
north. The direction indicated is not that of the prevailing wind, but the mean direction, the manner
of calculation of which was explained in the beginning of this work. The length of the stem of the
arrow, exclusive of its barb, is proportionate to the ratio of resultant, the greatest length being when
the ratio is equal to 100, or when all winds come from the same direction. These maps were origi-
nally all drawn to a scale, in which one hundred per cent., as found in the tables, was intended to
be represented by an arrow an inch in length; but, by the process of engraving adopted, it was
found practicable to diminish the size of the maps somewhat, so that 100 per cent. equals two-thirds
of an inch; for instance, on Plate 1, Zone 10, serial number 196, representing Eastern Pennsyl-
yania, the arrow is 20 one-hundredths of an inch in length, corresponding to the tabular percentage
.30 given on page 320. The more equally the winds are distributed around the horizon the smaller
is the ratio, and also the shorter the arrow on the map. Where it is very small it indicates that there

is no really prevailing wind. This is generally found on the boundaries of two systems of winds.

eG AU IRIS, Mb

ANNUAL Direction or Upper AND LOWER CURRENT IN THE UNITED STATES.

The mean direction of the wind, as observed by the wind-vane, is indicated by full arrows, and the
direction of the motion of clouds by broken arrows. It will be seen that they very nearly coincide
in nearly all regions of the United States. Generally the upper current is more purely west in all
the regions east of the Mississippi, while the lower current has a more W. 8. W. direction between
the Mississippi and Apallachian Chain, as well as in the Southern Atlantic States, while in New
England the winds are rather W. N. W. Near the Gulf of Mexico the arrows have a very different
direction, but it will be seen that the arrows are very small, thus indicating an undecided prevalence
of any wind. In some parts of Texas, also, the upper and lower current seem to come from different
directions. In this map, as well as in the others, the figures relate to the serial number in the zone,
and, by reference to the Numerical Index to Stations, given on pages 52 to 66, it is easy to find the
name of the place indicated by each figure.

Te by AAD 1

Mran ANNUAL DrrEcrion IN THE ARcTIC REGIONS.

It will be noticed that the mean direction of the wind is from the north in Greenland and Arctic
America, and that the arrows are long, thus indicating very prevailing winds. On the northern
coasts of Europe and Asia the winds are from the south, while Bear Island, between Norway and
Spitzbergen, as well as Iceland, have prevailing easterly (polar) winds. In this map a dotted line is
traced, and called “Southern limit of polar system.” This is the same boundary as that traced by

( 749 )

750 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. =:

the late Prof. Coffin on the maps of the “ Winds of the Northern Hemisphere.” In the mind of the
deceased author this was the boundary between the prevailing polar winds of the Arctic regions and
the equatorial (westerly) winds of the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. He traced it at
a distance of 28° 20’ from an imaginary point which he called the “ Meteorological Pole,” and located
in 84° N. lat. and 105° W. long.

PASE:

MEAN ANNUAL DIRECTION BETWEEN 80° N. Lat. anp 56° S. Lat.

The general prevalence of westerly winds will be seen here in the middle latitudes of the Northern
Hemisphere. Yet they are not always true equatorial winds, but incline somewhat to the north in
some regions. On the tropical seas easterly winds largely prevail, as indicated by the length of the
arrows. ‘This is the region of the trade-winds which prevail more largely in the Southern Hemisphere
than in the Northern. In the middle latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds again
prevail, and this to a large extent, while further south there are again easterly (polar) winds. In
some parts of the globe, where monsoon winds prevail, the length of the arrow showing the mean
annual direction is rather small (as in India, China, Japan). This does not come from an un-
decided character of the winds, but is caused by the nearly opposite direction of the winds in
winter and summer. As they counteract one another in the yearly resultant, the ratio of the latter
is small. A reference to Plates 5 and 6, giving the mean direction of the wind in summer and
winter, shows that at each season the arrows in China, India, Japan, and the surrounding seas, have
a great length, showing largely prevailing winds at both seasons.

onsoon comes from the Arabie word Mausim, or wind of the season. We call monsoon regions
those that have winds of nearly opposite character in winter and summer, each of these winds
prevailing during some month of the year nearly to the exclusion of all others. On the greatest
scale we see such winds along all the southern and eastern coast of Asia, and on the surrounding
seas, the winds in the tropical part of this country being N. EH. in winter and S. W. in summer,
while further north, in the interior of India, China, Japan, and the Russian Amoor provinces, the
winds are rather N. and N. W. in winter, and S. and 8S. E. in summer. Monsoon winds are caused
by the mutual reaction of great continental masses and the ocean, and thus they are most prevailing
where the greatest continent—Asia—approaches the greatest oceans—the Pacific and Indian. In
winter the pressure of the air is high on great continents, and thus air flows out from there, while in
summer, on the contrary, the land-masses being highly heated, an ascending current is produced and the
air from the surrounding oceans is drawn in to supply the deficiency. In all parts of the earth, where
continents and oceans adjoin, we see a tendency to produce monsoons. This is what Prof. Coffin
has called monsoon influences, but not everywhere monsoon winds are dominant. Monsoon influ-
ences may be considered as small deflections from the mean annual direction in regions where no
great differences in the mean direction of the wind in the different seasons are experienced, and thus
this relative influence of land and sea is small. In monsoon regions, on the contrary, this influence
is experienced on the largest scale.

PLATE 4.

MEAN Direction IN THE Four SEASONS IN THE ANTARCTIC REGION.

The direction of the wind is here represented by broken arrows, thus: ea A

straight line drawn from the tail to the head of the arrow gives the mean annual direction. The
sequence is alvays—spring, summer, autumn, winter. Thus the nearest part to the tail of the arrow
indicates the mean direction and ratio of resultant in the spring, and the nearest to the head that of
winter. As before stated, June, July and August are denominated “summer,” ete.

DESCRIPTION OF MAPS AND DIAGRAMS. 751

JP by ved ih
Mean Direction 1n THE Summer (Junz, Juny, AUGUST) BETWEEN 80° N. Lat. anp 56° S. Lar.

This map shows the mean direction of the wind for the time in which the Northern Hemisphere is
highly heated, while the southern has its winter. Very prevailing sea-winds (S. W., S., S. E.) along
all the southern and eastern coast of Asia (the summer monsoon) are the principal features of the
season. In Australia, especially on the northern coast, land-winds prevail. They are S. E. in the
latter region. In other parts of the globe the difference between the direction of the wind in
summer and that for the yearis smaller. Yet, in the United States, there is a monsoon region
north of the Gulf of Mexico, between the Rocky Mountains and the Mississippi. Southerly winds
from the gulf are largely prevailing there. In Northern Africa northerly winds prevail to a
larger extent than in the mean of the year. In the Atlantic the belt of the N. H. trade-winds has
the most northerly position in the year, while north of it there are prevailing N. and N. W. winds to
and beyond 40° N. lat. In Western Asia W. and N. W. winds prevail, this being a flow of air
towards the barometric depression in N. W. India. In Southern Russia we see westerly winds at this
season, the air flowing towards Central Asia.

Ib AE Ih, &,

MEAN DIRECTION IN THE WINTER (DECEMBER, JANUARY, FEBRUARY) BETWEEN 80° N. Lat. AnD
56° 8. Lat.

At this season the direction of the wind is nearly opposite to that observed in June, July and
August in the monsoon region of Asia. N. EH. winds prevail in Southern India and the Indo-
Chinese Peninsula, N. and N. W. in the interior of India, and in China, Japan, and the Russian
Amoor Provinces. The N. EH. monsoon crosses the equator, appearing as a N. W. wind on the
heated continent of Australia. In North America, Texas and the States to the north of it have
prevailing N. and N. W. winds—a direction nearly opposite to that of summer. The S. W. winds
which prevail the whole year in the temperate latitudes of the Northern Atlantic have now reached
the maximum of their frequency and strength, blowing also ina great part of Europe. Southern
Russia has prevailing east winds in winter. In Western Asia the westerly winds are not so largely
prevailing as in summer. The trade-wind belt of the Northern Atlantic and Northern Pacific
Oceans has receded to the southward.

IPG AVE
DIRECTION OF THY WIND IN THE Four SEASONS BETWEEN 80° N. Lat. and 56° 8. Lat.

The general arrangement of this table is the same as for Plate 4. It will be noticed that generally
the direction of the wind in spring is nearer to that of summer, and that of autumn to winter. This
is especially the case in monsoon regions. In Northern Europe and the eastern part of the Atlantic
Ocean the proportion of northerly winds is greatest in spring, giving, sometimes, a mean direction
N. of W., while the other seasons have a mean direction 8. W. or W. In other places the larger
proportion of north winds has influence only in so far as to lessen the ratio of resultant, which is yet
S. of W. In Southern Russia and Asia Minor the autumn has the largest proportion of N. HE. winds,
especially the months of September and October. Many places there have a mean direction nearly
E. N. E. in autumn, while it is somewhat S. of E. in winter and W. N. W. in summer.

752 WINDS OF THE GLOBE.

PLATE 8.

MEAN DIRECTION IN THE FouR SEASONS IN THE UNITED Srarss.
[See Explanation of Plate 4.]

Here, also, the mean direction of the wind in spring is nearer to that of summer, and that of
autumn to winter. West of the Apallachian Chain, and north of 42° N. lat., there are more northerly
winds in spring than in summer and autumn, while further south, and west of the Mississippi, southerly
winds prevail already in spring. In the Southern Atlantic and Gulf States there are more northerly
winds in autumn than in other seasons.

PT, AcE 9:

MEAN DIREcTION IN THE FouR SEASONS IN EUROPE.

[See Explanations of Plate 4.]

The great extension of northerly winds in the Mediterranean in summer must be noticed. On this
Plate are placed a few arrows, whose shafts are divided into twelve portions, corresponding to the
successive months, beginning with March (spring), and ending at the barb with February (winter):
Here, as in the preceding plate, may be observed the peculiar _4~™~ “S” shape of the curves,
so regular a feature in the movement of the wind in the successive seasons, that it was the occasion
that led Prof. Coffin to his investigation of the monsoon influences delineated in the following Plate.

Pa PAC ear ee
Monsoon INFLUENCES IN THE Four SEASONS BETWEEN 80° N. Lat. AND 56° S. Lav.

On this map there is a graphic representation of the forces which deflect the mean direction of the
wind from its annual value at each season. ‘aking, for illustration, the monsoon influences at
Easton, Pennsylvania, the manner of their representation is the following :—

A
Ww

Spring being designated by I, as the first season, summer by S, autumn by A, and winter by W.
The opposite directions of the deflecting forces for both sides of the Atlantic Ocean is especially
to be noticed. It was first pointed out by Prof. Coffin in a report to the American Association for
the Advancement of Science, in 1848, and then embodied in his work on ‘the Winds of the Northern
Hemisphere.” The direction of the deflecting forces is from the 8. E. on the coast of the United

ee eee eT a

Ao ES 5

DESCRIPTION OF MAPS AND DIAGRAMS. 1538

States, and from N. W. on the Atlantic Coast of Europe in summer. Similar monsoon influences
are at work on the coast of the White Sea and Arctic Ocean. In the real monsoon regions the
deflecting forces are very powerful.

The mode by which these forces are ascertained is explained in the introduction to this work, and
also fully illustrated in Plate 26.

As the opposition of these forces, however varied they may be in their directions and intensities,
must ever represent a state of exact mechanical equilibrium, some apparently abnormal cases found
on the ocean, and mostly south of the equator, must be accounted for; that they be not attributed
to erroneous computation. For instance, Zone 24, serial numbers 10 to 21 ef seq., and preceding
zones, in reference to which foot-notes have usually been appended to the respective pages of the
Tables. They are to be explained by the fact that the observations in those localities were not
numerous enough to be taken as the basis of a reliable annual resultant, and, therefore, the monsoon
influences were obtained by comparing the separate seasons—not with the meagre yearly resultant
that they would have afforded—but with an annual resultant that was obtained by combining all the
observations taken on that ocean, and within the limits of the zone.

Pale ratte

Monsoon INFLUENCES IN THE UNITED STarTEs.

[See Explanation of Plate 10.]

The remarkable constancy of the winds between the Apallachian range and the Mississippi, and
34° and 42° N. lat., is especially to be noticed here. Hence the monsoon influences are extremely
weak. The most powerful monsoon influences are seen in Texas, the region of the United States
which is most like Eastern Asia in the course of its winds.

PLAC By 102)

Monsoon INFLUENCES IN HUROPE.

In winter a monsoon infiuence from the S. H. is seen in Europe; it is a reaction of the high pres-
sure in the interior of the continent. In summer, on the contrary, except ina part of the Mediterranean
region, the monsoon influences are from the west.

Pale Ee Wise

ANNUAL MEAN DIRECTION OF THE WINDS IN THE UNITED STATES, SHOWING THAT CALCULATED
WHEN THE VELOCITY IS TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT IN COMPARISON WITH THAT FOR TIME ONLY.

The first is expressed by broken arrows, the last by full arrows. It will be seen that the mean
direction varies but little, if the velocity is taken into account, from that calculated from the time
only. Generally in the first case the ratio of resultant is somewhat greater (the arrows longer). For
a more extended view of this topic, compare with this map the diagrams found in Plate 25, and also
the introduction to the Velocity Tables, in Series C.

IP Wy a, ee

Maps or Isopars or Lines oF HQuaL ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AT SEA-LEVEL FOR THE YEAR,
JANUARY AND JULY.

‘These maps are inserted from the treatise of Buchan, ‘‘Mean Pressure and Prevailing Winds of
the Globe,” published in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, vol. xxv., which was

the first attempt to do for the pressure of the air what Humboldt and Dove had done for temperature.
95 July, 1875.

Tt WINDS OF THE GLOBE. :

A knowledge of the atmospheric pressure is of the greatest importance for the explanation of the
courses of the winds. The explanation of these maps is found in the ‘ Discussion and Analysis of
Winds,” where constant reference is made to it.

1 GPRS) hs) @ YO) Iie wiST iy n.

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS, IN SUMMER AND WINTER, EXPRESSED IN PERCENTAGE.

Puatre 15. Arctic Regions. _
Puatre 16. Europe, south of latitude 60°.

Puate 17. Asia and Africa, between 25° and 60° north latitude.

Puate 18. Tropical Regions, north of the equator.

Puate 19. ‘Tropical Regions, south of the equator.

Puate 20. South Temperate Regions, between latitude 25° and 60°? south.

These six Plates represent the relative prevalence of winds from the different points of the compass
in summer and winter, taken as the most marked seasons, and are adapted to the ready comparison
and contrast of these seasons. The width of shading of the outer ring, reckoned from the cireum-
ference toward the centre, expresses in hundredths of an inch the percentage given in the Tables for
the summer ; in like manner, the inner belt of shading is used for the winter. The distance of these
pairs of limiting circumferences froin each other is 30 per cent.; when, therefore, the tabular per-
centage is in excess of this amount, the irregular contour line that marks the inner limit of the width
passes into the next inner space.

Monsoon influences of marked character are vividly depicted in Plate 17 (Hakodade, Nangasaki
and Pekin), Plate 18 (Celebes Sea and China Sea), and Plate 19 (Sween Island, Australia), the
belts of shading far outstripping their limits, and even overlapping one another in the cases of Port
Blair and Colombo, Ceylon. On the contrary, when the bands are symmetrical for the two seasons,
these windroses show the absence of any noticeable monsoon influence, as on Plate 16, for Europe,
in the cases of Dublin, Greenwich, St. Petersburg, Vladimir, Debreczin and Gorki:

ale ACs eR eee ale
PERCENTAGE OF WINDS FOR THE FOUR SEASONS.

This Plate differs from the preceding only in containing windroses for spring and autumn, and
illustrates the general similarity of the former to winter and of the latter to summer.

PA de E22

RELATIVE PREVALENCE OF WINDS IN THE UNITED SrarTEs, IN SUMMER AND WINTER, EXPRESSED
IN PERCENTAGE,
[Illustrated by Vertical Projection. J

This Plate, somewhat more compact in form, exhibits facts of the same nature as those contained
in Plates 15 to 20, the percentage of winds at any place being represented in horizontal widths
measured across the vertical bands. It enables one readily to find at what place wind from any
particular direction is prevalent, by simply tracing down the column until great breadth is reached.

PLAT Rea.
BAROMETRICAL WINDROSES.

This Plate was drawn by the author as an early attempt to illustrate the connection between the
rise and fall of the barometer and corresponding changes in the direction of the wind. The width

DESCRIPTION OF MAPS AND DIAGRAMS 7155

of the shading at the several points of the compass shows the average rise or fall of the barometer
per day while the wind is from those points, the + indicating a rise, and the —a fall; the two
arrows starting from the centre are directed toward the points of maximum and minimum pressure ;
and a light line indicates the mean of the two. The arrow that springs from the circumference shows
the mean annual direction of the wind. In order to compensate for the rare occurrence of winds
from some directions, at several of the places, and make the shading more symmetrical, without
affecting the principle of the illustration, the mean rise or fall for each point is combined, in several
instances, with the two contiguous ones on either side, and the shading is proportioned to the new
means thus found.

Ve Miya Ok yee

A MerroroLoGicaAL CHART FOR OGDENSBURG, N. Y., 1838.

This plate is a suggestive presentation of meteorological facts. Drawn by the author, in January,
1839, it is believed to be the earliest American effort to connect and vividly illustrate the mutual
relation between ihe results of a minute record of the winds, made by the aid of a self-registering
vane, and so many as five of the points chiefly noted in the registers of meteorological observers,
viz., amount of cloudiness, fall of rain and snow, and fluctuations in the barometer and thermometer.
Deductions from this chart occupy pp. 220-227 of the Report of the Regents of the University of
the State of New York, for the year 1838. Each of the circles gives a synchronous view, the shading
corresponding in position with the wind then prevalent, and by its width indicating the amount of
the contrasted element. From each month, arrows radiating from the centre denote the point of
compass from which the wind came that was accompanied by a maximum or minimum of rainfall,
thermometric fluctuation, etc.

PILATIR 86,
VELOCITY CHART.

This illustrates minutely the general results of a series of observations, covering 700 years, and
taken at 418 places on the American continent, from 1854 to 1857. The object was to determine
what relation the average velocity of the winds, as a whole, and the varying and separate velocity
of each particular wind, has to the results, as to direction and prevalence, that are obtained when
the variation in velocity is disregarded. The solution of this question was viewed as vital to the
correct study of the winds, and therefore of no small importance in the search for the laws of atmo-
spheric circulation.

This plate shows that the resultants computed by assigning to each wind its own separate velocity
differ from those in which the variation in velocity is disregarded, in being about 9° more northerly,
and having a magnitude of 26 instead of 23 per cent.; and, further, that the velocity of all winds in
the United States, north of latitude 33°, is a little more than seven miles per hour, resulting in a
transfer of air in the mean direction of the main current at the rate of 2.0 or 1.7 miles per hour,
according as velocity is counted or omitted.

The arrows represented as flying with the atmospheric current indicate the direction of the winds
when only the time of their continuance is taken into account; the dotted lines show the result when
the element of Velocity is also regarded. he height of the ordinates in the middle column is pro-
portioned to the average velocity of the wind at each season of the year. In the right-hand vertical
series of diagrams, the ordinates that terminate in a continuous line show the velocity of the wind
in the mean direction, on the supposition that the entire current moves with the foregoing average
velocity ; while, in contrast, those ordinates that end in the broken (dotted) lines exhibit the result,
as to velocity in the mean direction, when to each wind is assigned its own special velocity ; when
the latter class o1 ordinates is longer than the former, which is usually the case, the intervening space
contains the sign +.

756 WINDS OF THE GLOBE. “:

PLATE @6,

DEFLECTING FoRcEs.

The ‘‘ S-shaped” curves __-—— are divided into twelve parts to denote the path traversed by a
particle of air, in each of the months of the year, when subjected to the winds that are found at
Amherst, Massachusetts, Easton, Pennsylvania, New York City, Paris and Pekin, which are taken
as representative places. In each case is seen the “parallelogram of forces,” of which the diagonal
represents the monthly resultant, one side one-twelfth of the yearly resultant, and another side the
monsoon influence. Near each is gathered a parallel series of arrows to show the position of these
monsoon influences relative to each other.

The law of the Monsoon Influences is seen in two facts: Ist. All these places, except Paris, are
situated on the western shore of the adjacent oceans, and their monsoon influences are from the south-
southeast in summer, and from the north-northwest in winter; but at Paris, not thus situated, their
direction is reversed. And 2d. The monsoon influences at Pekin, which is emphatically in the
monsoon region, and at New York, which is near the ocean, are greater than those at the other
places which are not thus situated.

In the diagram at the right, in this Plate, representing an aggregate period of 560 years of obser-
vation, taken at more than 60 places in the State of New York, the approximate parallelism and
equality of the arrows show the permanent character of the winds, and their divergence or inequality
their annual mutations; yet the latter are rather apparent than real, since they are due chiefly to
the introduction of new stations or discontinuance of old stations, so producing a slight modification
of the result, and not indicating any really marked differences in the annual resultants. Two striking
instances of diurnal variation in the direction of the wind are given on the lower part of the Plate
for Hudson, Ohio, and St. Petersburg, which are easily explained by the proximity of each of these
places to a considerable body of water situated north and northwest of them.

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IN THE i ee ee
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AND
THE RESULTANT DIRECTION
OF THE
UPPER AND LOWER CURRENTS OF AIR.

Nore. The continuous arrow shows the
direction of the Surface Wind, as indi-
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o------t ->shois the resultant direction of
the Upper Current, as indicated by the
motion of the Clouds. Euch arrow flies
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portioned to the percentage given in the
Tables.

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ISTO AUNTS y pon | & vi the Tabular angle with the meridian

ANNUAL DIRECTION ‘ ; ; : J of the Station; and its length in per-
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OF THE WINDS j , fa K cy oS cent. as gicen in the table.
IN THE ;

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RESULTANTS
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SOUTH POLAR REGIONS
FOUR SEASONS

——> The arrow fiies with the Wind
Each part of the arrow represents one scasony
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from its mean annual course, in the different seasons of the year.

Nors.—The seasons, in both Hemispheres, are designated as follows;
Sprmxa—Mareh, April, and May -.----
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PLATE 11.

we we 2) ai
MONSOON INFLUENCES
IN THE
UNITED STATES,

Showing the Direction and Amount of the Forces ihe deflect
the wind from its mean annual course in the different seasons of the year.

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eal eRe: - ee ee
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T

MONSOON INFLUENCES
IN EUROPE

Showing the Direction and Amount of the Forces that deflect the wind
from its mean annual course in the different seasons of the year,

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ISOBARIC LINES FOR JANUARY.

EH MEAN PRESSURE

CHART EXHIBITING BY ISOBARIC LINES TH

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YEAR.

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PLATE ld.

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ISOBARIC LINES FOR JULY.

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AQIOOTO A PUL OTULET,

PLATE 15.

PERCENTAGE OF WINDS
IN SUMMER AND WINTER
IN THE ARCTIC REGIONS.

Polaris Bay.
Lat. 81 37 N.

1871-72
Long. G1 87 W.

Port Refuge, Disaster Bay.
l year.
Zone 3, No. 3.

Rensselacr Bay.
Zone 3.

17 montha.
No. 7.

Melville Ialand
Zone 4.

l year
No. 4.

Port Kennedy.
Zone 4.

l year,
No. 10. |

Bear Island.
Zone 4.

10 months.
No. 17.

Nova Zembla.
Zone 4.

435 years.
No. 21. |

Fort Franklin,

Zone 5.

Fort Hope,
Zone 5.

2ycare.

Tkogmut, Alaska,

5 years.

No. 6.

10 months.

No- 8.

Jacobshaven.
Zone 5.

il years.
No. 13.

New Herrnhut. year.

StykKisholm.
Zone 5.

Boasekop.

8 months.
No. 19,

Haparanda.

7M years.

No. 25,

17 years.
No..19.

Christiansund.
Zone 6,

Ato, Finland.
Zone.

77 yeara,

No. 44.

Archangel.
Zone

18 yearr.
No. 63.

Yacoutsk,
Zone 6.

15 years.

No, 68.

PLATE 16.

PERCENTAGE OF WINDS
IN SUMMER AND WINTER

IN EUROPE

SOUTH OF LAT. 60°.

West Scotland. Christiana. 2 yeare. Copenhagen. G2 yeare.| St. Petersburg. 23 years. | Vladimir, Russia, 19 ycare.
Zone 7. . 27. No. 56.) Zone 7. Yo. 68. | Zone7. No. 103. | Zone 7. No. 111.

[
| Dublin. (Phoniz Park) 62 years.| Greenwich. 20 years.
Zone 8. : 38. | Zone 8.

Atlantic Ocean. 0° to 5° We Aatrachan, Port. 11 years.
Zone 9. . . 314, Yo. 358, No. 3064

Atlantic Ocean. 0° to 20° We Marseilles. A4 years. | Simferopol. 13 years,
Zone 10. Zone 10. No. 375, 2

Azores, (St. Michacle) 10 years, 1 years, A . | Athens.
No. 175. No. 182. ; You Zone i1.

PLATE 17.

PERCENTAGE OF WINDS

IN SUMMER AND WINTER
IN ASIA AND AFRICA.

LAT, 25° TO 60° Nur

Catharinenturg,

10 years.

Tchim.

Nikolaievak.
Zone 8.

T veara:

Petropaulowski.
Zone 8,

Bycare.
No. 248.

Semipatatinsk.
Zone 8.

4 ycars
No. 241.

Nertschinsk.
Zone 8,

Fort Ouralak.

2 yeare.
Zone 9.

Valley of Sir Daria.

Tycars.

Zine 9,

|

Jerusalem.
Zone 12.

Astrabad, Persia
Zone 11.

5 years.
No 21,

Pekin, China,
| Zone 11,

Hakodade, Japan.
a

No. 227

3 years.
No, 401.

Nangasaki, Japan. 6 years.

Zonc 12, SS Vo. 192. |

£

Dehra-Doon, India.
Zone:

No. 188.
>

3 years.

Agra, India.
Zone 13,

6 yeara.
No. 81.

Zone 13.

Northeastern India.

10 years.
No. %.

ah
Pacific Ocean.

6 months.

No, 103.

Atlantic Ocean.
Zone 12.

7 yeare,
No. 159,

6 years,
No. 64.

4ycars, | Biskra, Algeria

No. 70.

Zone 12,

<i

T years.
No.1

. | Zone 12.

Cairo, Egypt. 5 years.

No. 175 (a)

et eel ear Set i stl. ¢~/6 © ote
al al ~~, 7S gs
; ; ; hi ae = =.

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.
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ry | ;
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9 -
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7
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i
1 -
,

PLATE 18,

———

PERCENTAGE OF WINDS

IN SUMMER AND WINTER
IN THE TROPICAL REGIONS

NORTH OF THE EQUATOR. |

Atlantic Ocean. 15° to 45° I,

Sandwich Islands. 2 years. | Florida Keys. 30 years, 4 ycara.

Zone lA. v0.2. | Zone a 14. | Zoned.

Dum Dum § Cateurta. 13 years.| Hong Kony, China, b years.
Zone 4.

China Sea. 106° to 115° B,
2 years.

Pacific Occun. 120° to 130° B,
l year.

Weat Indica.
Zoneld

Zone 15, No, 40. | Zone 14.

Pacific Occan. 125° to 140° Ty. Pacific Ocean. 105° to 115" We
if uf

Pacific Ocean. 120° to 130” BE.
lyear. 1 year.

lL year.

Northern Venezuela, 2years. | Port Blair. 2 years.

No. 12.) Zone 16, No. $1.| Zone 16,

Zone lA. No. 4. | Zone 1G,

Catharina Sophia, Guiana. Atlantic Ocean. 10°to 65° W.
3 years, 9 years.

Isthmus of Darien. 5 years.
Zone 1.

Guinea, Africa. S years. | Colombo, Ceylon. 6 years.
No. 82. | Zone Vo. 33(a)| Zone 17., No. 38.

. , | <«dtlantic Ocean. 10° to 55° We Indian Ocean. Long. %° to China Sea. 105° to 110° BE.
Pacific Ocean. 155° to 165° We Eee Faire 105.F. 2 yeare. ape

Zone 18. No. 1.

Celebes Sea.
No, 46. | Zone 18.

PLATE 19.

PERCENTAGE OF WINDS
IN SUMMER AND WINTER,IN THE
TROPICAL REGIONS, SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR.

Pacific Ocean. 120°to 125° We
2 years.

Atlantic Ocean. 25° to 30° W.
years.

Indian Ocean. 45°to 55°F.
l year.

South Western Sumatra. 8 years}
Zone \9 No. 45

Pacific Occan 175° to 180° E.
1 year.
No. 54

» 100°tv 105° 1

Ascension Island. 2 years.

Indian Ocean. 85° to W°E.

Pepe
one

Pacific Occan. 120°to 190°F.
1 year.

Zone 20 No, 49

Cochaliamba. Bolivia. 3 year.

No. 15

Indian Occean 40°to 45°,
2 years.
Zone 21,

°to 110°,
No. 40

Pacific Ocean 85°to 120° We

Madagascar.
Zone 2

Sween Is. Avstratia, 1 year.
Zone 22 No. 47

Port-Louis. (Mauritius)
11 years.

Port of France, New Caledonia.

No. 85

PLATE 20.

PERCENTAGE OF WINDS
IN SUMMER AND WINTER

IN THE

SOUTH TEMPERATE ZONE.

LAT, 25° ro 60° SOUTH.

Nore.—Summer=June, July, August; Winter=December, January, February.

Pacific Ocean. 175° to 180° 1.

Santiago Chili.

Zone 2

3 years.

Atlantic Ocean. 40° to 45° WW.
216 years,

Natal, Africa.
Zone UA

2 years.
No, 38

Adeluide, Australia. 5 years.

Zone 25

Pacific Ocean. 120° to 150° 1W™

Zone

Puerto Montt, Chili,

Zone 27

6 years.

Yo, 17 («)

Atlantic Ocean. 15° to 20° W.
year,

Zone 2H No. 32

Cape Town, Africa. 18 years,
Zone

\Melbourne, Australia. 4 years.
Zone %.

Pacific Ocean. 75° to &0°W.
6 years.
Zone 27

Punta Arenas
Zone 29

Atlantic Oceu

Zone 26

Indian Occun. 75° to 5°.
2 ye
Zone %

Auckland, New Zealand. 5 years,

Zone 2% No. 90

Pacific Ocean. 85° to 95° W.

Zone 28

Desolation Island. 2 years.

Zone 23

No. 40

Atlantic Ocean. 45°t0 50° W-
2 ycara.

Zone 27 Wo. 22

Indian Ocean 115° to 120° E.
4 years.

Zone 26 No, 66

Hobart Town, Van Diemane
Land. 9 years.

Gif Cape Horn. OW? to 63° W.
Ly

Sup. Zone

Indian Ocean 115° to 120 E.
2 years.
No. 68

Snithland, New Zealand.
8 years.

‘

a

- . - am)
7 >

bia

4)

<

Ae

:

7 .

PLATE 21,

PERCENTAGE OF WINDS

FOR THE

FOUR SEASONS.

ZoneG. No. 644. Alaska, 2 years. | Zone 8. No. 231. Southern Central Russia. 16 years.

Southeastern Kansas 13 years.) Zonell, No. 227 Pekin, China, » No.194. Pacific Ocean. £05 days.

Tung. 120° to 150° F,

Zunel2, No.12. Southwestern California. 32 years.

eae el Oconn: Ree to Siva. 5 ZonelG. No. 37. Madrax, India.
Lu, Vo. 4 ot

Zone 2). No. 18. Atlantic Ocean. Long. 30°to 35° Ue 1529 days.

PERCENTAGE OF WINDS

IN THE

UNITED STATES

IN SUMMER AND WINTER

ILLUSTRATED BY VERTICAL PROJECTION.

Nore.—The horizontal width of the verti i 7
Is p Fe e vertical bands is proportional to the perce: : i
the place named on the same horizontal line i NORA,

sy M M ER. Perl erieaneaWiNOUIUB IER. The width of each square corresponds to

SiieeraS: Wer oa Ruse PLA CI

| [ ZONE. 9.
| { Nh. Weat'n Washington,
HE peas Sh. Westin. Washington.- 142% ni
Be Sh, Eaat'n. Washington. Hi
Nh. East'n. Washington.
North Weat'n. Oregon.
Vorth Eaat'n. Oreyon,—~.|
Fort Lapwai.
Weatern Montana. -—
North Weat'n, Montana,.
Southern Montana. ~ ~~
North Central Dacotah.-.
Eastern Dacotah, —
NorthWeat'n. Minnerota..
Hazlewood, Minnesota,.-
Princetun, Minneaota—
Centrat Minnesota. —
--51 Nh. und Nh. East'n. Minn,
Bay City and Superio
North Michigan.-———
St.James, Nh. Michigan...
Montreal and St.Martin,
Monson, Centrat Maine.
Wolfville, Nova Scotia. _.|

ZONE 10.

North Weat'n. California.
South Weatorn Oregon.

Western Oregon...
Eastern Oregon. ———
South Eastern Orego:
North Western Nevad
North Eastern Nevada.
South Western Idaho.
North Centrat Utah. _ —
North Eastern Utah, —
North East’n. Wyominge
North East'n. Colorado—.
South Central Dakotah.- -
South Eastern Da)otah,.—|
North Eastern Nebraska. -
Bellevue and Omatia, Neb,
South Eastern Nebraska.

South Eaat'n. Minnesota}
Northern Iowa.

Southern Towa. — —

North Eastern Iowa.

South Eastern Towa, — —
Eastern Wisconsin. —_ __|

North Western Indiana,
South Lastern Michigan.
North Eastern Ohio. __
Weatern Pennsylvania
Weatern New York.
Central Pennsylvanta.__|
Central New York.
Easton, Penn.— ——~ ~ —|:
E'n. Pa. Smithsonian 8,
Eastern Pa. Aggregate.
Eastern New Fork. a
Bouth Euat'n. New Fork.
Nihand Centl N. Jersey
Western Massachussets._}
Mt. Washington N.H.—
North'n New Hampanire|
Thode Island.

South Eastern Maine.__|%

Seana.

a
3

aS
8

0.

Sy
8:

5

o

ZONE 11.
California, Lat. 89°to 402 |
Cal. L-39°toA0°Lon .120°%ol 22)
Sacramento.
Cal. L.38%to39-Lon 12V tol 2
California, Lat.83°to 39>
Cal. £.307t083°Lon 1217to)
Cal. L.36to37 Lon.121°tvl 22°)
West Nevada, —-~--—-—-~
Northwestern Arizona.
Northeastern Arizona. —__|
South Western Utah.-~ ~~
Nh. Western New Mexico._
Northern New Mexico __|
North'n. Cen. New Merteu
North Eaat'n. New Mexico]
Central Colorado. ‘
Southern Colorado, ——
South Eastern Colorado,
Western Central Kanaaa._
Nn. East!n Indian Terr'y.
E. Cent. and Nh. E.Kanaaa, |"
North Watern Arkansas.
79 North Eastern Arkansas.
_-80 Weat'n.and Cen’l Missouri,
81 Scuth Weslern Missouri. -
_-87 Eastern Missouri. - bed
00 Scuth Weatern Ilinoia.

os

Coz

On)
povus

cee

cuou

ZONE 12.
| 12 South Weatern Oatifornia.
-20 Central Arizona— —--~-
28 Siuth Eastern Arizona

_ 39 Southern New Mexico
42 Central Ne
_-42 Eustern New
46 Western Texas, ——

-02 Central Texas -——

_67 Northern Texas. .
| a7 Sh. Baat'n. Indian Zerr'y.
_81 Arkansas Lat. 3A°to 852.
£5 North Weatern Louistana,-
_87 North Eastern Louisiana,
_89 Euatern Louisiana,-— ——-
_96 Misstssippi Nh. of Lat. 3°
.-115 Alabama Lat. 32°to H.--
| 191 Wiklorida Nh. of Lats 30%
|_188 Geurgia Lat. 3
| 194 WN. B. Florida, --— —-
| 141 Sh. Carolina Lat. 33°to 1° — Ha
149 N.Carolina Sh-of Lat.32 LS | tullud

|

t

cue

be

ZONE 13. i

Lb Pacific Oce'n Len.105°tol 25°
ST Matamoraa, Mexico —-

12 8. Tera a
7 Sn. Texas Lat 29to We l
29 South Eastern Lovisiana. .| Ant
| 42 Florida Lat.29°to 30% — — — i
S.E. Florida = Hy th

60 AtlanticO'n. Lon.70 tose W

€.

ar.
; F ahh, Fa aks >
hea ~ = ae ~ > ro wie i 2
nen ea ras ’ . ’ . . s / GR tt 3 yr alm et kr ee hae
‘ ° " ad m! 4

ot ee

PLATE 23.

BAROMETRICAL WIND ROSES

SHOWING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE

COMPUTED AND DRAWN BY JAMES WJ. COFFIN.

1853.

DIRECTION OF THE WIND AND CHANGES IN THE BAROMETER,

Ogdenslurgh, New York.

Philadelphia, Pa. (Girard College ) |pritadetpnia, Pa. (Franklin Institute.)| Bermuda.

3 ycare,

Nantucket, Masa.

A months.

Tyear. Eyafiord, Iceland.

1 year.

1 years,

Bogoslowsk, Ural Mountains.

8 montha.

Barnoul, Siberia, 2 months,

&
Nemirwes"

—S

1 month.

The width of the shading at the several points of compass shows the average RISE or FALL of the Barometer per day while the wind
is from thoxe points ; the plus (+) denoting a rise, and the minus (—) a fall, The arrows that proceed from the centre, show the points of

maximum and minimum pressure.

The arrow pointing toward the centre shoics the mean direction of the wind.

=

METEOROLOGICAL CHART,
SHOWING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN DIFFERENT METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA.
COMPILED AND DRAWN FROM OBSERVATIONS MADE DURING THE YEAR 1838,

By JAMES HL COFFIN, ar OGDENSBURGH, NEW YORK.
PLATE 24.

>

SS

m= BAROMETER
2
5)

\

The Maps of a region, about 300 miles around Ogdensburgh are surrounded by rings, in which the Meteorological Facts are represented,
The width of the shaded portion at each puint of Compass ts proportional, in Figure 1, to the length of time that the Wind blew from that
point during the year; in Figures 3 and 4, to the average Rise or Full per hour in the Thermometer and Barometer, during such winds, the
PLUS (4-) showing arise, und the MINUS (—) afallin the instruments: and in Figures 2,5 and 6, on the same principle, to the degree
of Cloudiness, and to the average quantity of Rain or Snow falling per hour. The numbers in the margin require tico decimal places in No, 2;
three in No. 3; five in No. 4; and four in Nos. 5 and 6,

The CONTINUOUS lines diverging from Ogdensburg show the monthly maximum points of Wind, Temperature, Pressure and Cloudi-
ness; and the DOTTED lines the minimum points. The heavy lines show the same for the year.

te

0 ae
? 4} :
ies
, wis
‘- ia

_PLATE 25. ; VELOCITY CHART.

AVERAGE VELOCITY] VELOCITY IN THE
PLACE RESULTANTS
FOR TIME AND VELOCITY. OF ALL WINDS. MEAN DIRECTION.
. a seg = 2 Sule € 2 2 5
SPRING |SUMMERAUTUMN WINTER) YEAR |22 2 SNS SIRS ae sy ae
© > 2 8 = 2
OBSERVATION, 5 55 E = Bg 4 BE — Besora. 4
4 -
13 oA AS
; Red River Settlement. (Canada) = : ci 6 AS
i ‘= 1 =:
; ee x |
Pacifie Coast. (Oregon & Cal.) 16 Dae fea a
i 4 = >
\ i i
1 8 Chins
Salt Lake City. ‘\ H f & BRN
AY y 4 4
\ ale =
3
8
Northern Lake Regions, — sf E
te 1
[Rear “‘\E
3
FA ¥
Canada and Nova-Seotia. y alle
5 I= =| 1
in 6 «)
7 i
New England. a s
‘ ;
3
Region of the Missouri. -| = shes |_ autres
1
8 Pagilieeen tes
South of the Great Lakes. Hl op pees 5
a 1
3
al
Iils,, Ind. and Ohio. S. of tat. 40° oH Ep ee ee ee Ss
4 Ss] 1
7 ores eeare
New York to N.C. West of Appala- Bi o| BN ee
chian range. 4 1
: AL 5,
3 Syke
= : Middle States, East of the Appala- ay ab ee
chian range, 4 = 1
3
; &
§ Kentucky and Tennessee. oh iN ot
2 4 ;
= ==]
3
8
Allantic Coast, Lat. 31 to 38°N. f e2| °
P| 1
a SESS
8 =>
Texas. . E ' == 6 z
. £ : 4 = 1
i bd =
: : O:|
z Gulf States. es b ater ‘| ee
8
: Pa f 8 gikes
i Northern Florida. = E Yi \s O E i HE So
}
P 2
[ks Z 1G ry Apter
Ss >> Lo iy ee 12 yl
f Salt Ponds, Florida, Lat. 25° eS Via Ms 8 4
e, . <= 7 mf . 4 = 2
4 i
? /] i
rf \ / :
; Mezico,(City of) i eee {i al 3 ‘
4 \ oa | 4 6} 2 a
‘ H ‘Y A 1
A 8 ES
LEE Al %
ote ie | eee = od <a 10H *
Catharina Sophia. (Guiana) Ss are Gee Lig CE a al
." & “ oe - Val ‘| 5
Ne, 2
Fewieuse
i au
Assumption. (Paraguay) ‘ 5 A
3 i 4
PBe) t 16 F ¢
4 Es 4 12 ARES
; Horta Fayal, Azores. je 8} B
c. RR 4}
P 16} ' §
é 12}
9 ~ g
Sandwick Manse, Orkney Islands. H Bs e a be all, os ; :
5) 16
ie G | a} if
a | fe if 15} 10)
Port Foulke. (Arctic Ocean) Pa Oy ‘ A Ye ‘a 1 ‘
rd 4
6 Aas
Pa
‘ SS, \ 16,
‘ Xi \ \. \S EY 12) 21
WY. Si ‘s S KC is 1 3 = >
Port Kennedy. (Arctic Ocean) a Mi \ S| sao ig sirens
\ \ bs \ ‘Yds 4
>

PLATE 26.

Amherst, Mags,
rears.

V
AUTUMN

WINTER

New York city
10 Years,

Paris, France
40 Years.

Pekin, China
1 Year,

Sep

t.

DEFLECTING FORCES.

February

January

Monsoon Influences
at
Easton, Pennsylvania.
Spring—S. 11018’. 172
Summer—S, 31910/E. 094
Autumn—N, 5028) W. 095
Winter—N, 26045) W. 164

WINDS

OF THE

STATE OF NEW YORK,

Ist. series, previous to 1849)
|| embraces 55 stations, 360
Years.
|| 2d. series, 1850 to 1363,

———______

| 1826 eee
|

|| 1827

| 1

WI
|) 1840
||

| 1841

——_———
ae
a
eee
>

seemed

| —__——
—S ee
a
ay
eee

83!

| 1843
| 144

1845
| 1846
|
|| 1847

|| Total,
|| 1826-47

1850-63

Noon 1 2 3 4 6 6 ‘
Afternoon Houra

ST. PETERSBURG

8

9

10

RUSSIA—HOU

HORARY VARIATION.

4 5
Morning

|| MOTION OF CLOUDS 3pyy. |
| 9A.M. |
| SURFACE winps }
i]

9AM.
i
| 3P.M.

| HUDSON, OHIO.

|

a

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