QL GHO_ S666 REPT am HERPETOLOGICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY & SCIENTIFIC NAME INDEX TO THE BULLETIN OF THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, VOLUMES 1-90, 1901-1991 & THE MEMOIRS 1-10, 1938 — 1986 Ernest A. Liner Houma, Louisiana SMITHSONIAN HERPETOLOGICAL INFORMATION SERVICE NO. 139 2009 SMITHSONIAN HERPETOLOGICAL INFORMATION SERVICE The first number of the SMITHSONIAN HERPETOLOGICAL INFORMATION SERVICE series appeared in 1965. SHIS number 1 was a list of herpetological publications arising from within or through the Smithsonian Institution and its collections entity, the United States National Museum (USNM). The latter exists now as little more than the occasional title for the registration activities of the National Museum of Natural History. No. 1 was prepared and printed by J. A. Peters, then Curator-in-Charge of the Division of Amphibians & Reptiles. The availability of a NASA translation service and assorted indices encouraged him to continue the series and distribute these items on an irregular schedule. The series continues under that tradition. Specifically, the SHIS series prints and distributes translations, bibliographies, indices, and similar items judged useful to individuals interested in the biology of amphibians and reptiles, and unlikely to be published in the normal technical journals. We wish to encourage individuals to share their bibliographies, translations, etc. with other herpetologists through the SHIS series. If you have such an item, please contact George Zug for its consideration for distribution through the SHIS series. Contributors receive a pdf file for personal distribution Single printed copies are available to interested individuals at $5 per issue. Recent issues of SHIS are available as pdf files from our webpage www.mnh.si.edu/rc/. Libraries, herpetological associations, and research laboratories are invited to exchange their publications with us. Please address all requests for printed copies and inquiries to George Zug, Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, U.S.A. Please include a self-addressed mailing label with requests. INTRODUCTION The present bibliography and scientific name index covers all the herpetological papers published in the Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences from volume 1, 1901 through volume 90, 1991 and the Memorr series, 1-10, 1938-1986. Prior to the Bulletin, the academy published a Proceedings series from July 1896 to September 1899. The Proceeding consisted of six volumes, but no herpetological articles were included. The Bulletin was planned as a monthly publication. Volume 1 contained 10 numbers and only 9 numbers in volumes 2 through 4. In volumes 5 through 23, the number of issues fluctuated from one to six. Volume 24 to 60 included three numbers each year. Volume 61 and subsequently had four issues each year. From volume 70 to the present, the Bulletin consists of three issues each year. In the following bibliography, all articles are listed alphabetically by authors. Junior author(s) are cross-referenced to the senior author(s). All articles with original descriptions of new names in herpetology are prefixed with an asterisk. The scientific name index includes all the scientific names of amphibians and reptiles included in the numbered articles in the bibliography. Names in Literature Cited are not included. All original names are boldfaced. When both i and ii appears for the same taxon then both are included under ii. All names are given as appears in the paper with no effort to correct misspellings or typos. My thanks to C. Gans for originally suggesting this project and to G. R. Zug and W. R. Heyer for suggesting the scientific name index, and R. Lawson and J. W. Wright for checking missing items for me. LITERATURE CITED BULLETIN OF THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Anderson, Steven C., see Dixon, James R., 1973. Awbrey, Frank T., Stephen Leatherwood, Edward D. Mitchell, & William Rogers. 1984. Nesting green turtles (Chelonia mydas) on Isla Clarion, Islas Revillagigedos, Mexico. 83: 69-75. Bellemin, Jeanne M. & Glenn R. Stewart. 1977. Diagnostic characters and color convergence of the garter snakes Thamnophis elegans terrestris and Thamnophis couchii atratus along the central California coast. 76: 73-84. Bennett, Stephen G., see Loomis, Richard B., 1977. Bogert, Charles M. 1930. An annotated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Los Angeles County, Calif. 29: 3-14. *-----. 1935. Salvadora virgultes, a new subspecies of the patch-nosed snake. 34: 88-94. Brame, Arden H., Jr. 1960. The salamander genus Oedipina in northern Central America. 59: 153-162. ----- . 1964. Distribution of the Oregon slender salamander, Batrachoseps wrighti (Bishop). 63: 165-170. *Brandon, Ronald A., Edward J. Maruska, & William T. Rumph. 1981. A new species of neotenic Ambystoma (Amphibia, Caudata) endemic to Laguna Alchichica, Puebla, Mexico. 80: 112-125. Brattstrom, Bayard H. 1954. Amphibians and reptiles from Gympsum Cave, Nevada. 53: 8- 2, * WW. . 1958. New records of Cenozoic amphibians and reptiles from California. 57: 5-12. ,oceees . 1964. Amphibians and reptiles from cave deposits in south-central New Mexico. 63: 93-103. ,occees . 1973. Rate of heat loss by large Australian monitor lizards. 72: 52-54. ----- . 1976. A Pleistocene herpetofauna from Smith Creek Cave, Nevada. 75: 283-284. *--. & Ann Sturn. 1959. A new species of fossil turtle from the Pliocene of Oregon, with notes on other fossil Clemmys from western North America. 58: 65-71. Brattstrom, Bayard H., see Hudson, Dennis M., 1977. Broadley, Donald G., see Wright, John W., 1973. . Caldwell, David K. 1969. Hatchling green turtles, Chelonia mydas, at sea in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. 68: 113- 114. ----- & Donald S. Erdman. 1969. Pacific ridley seaturtle Lepidochelys olivacea, in Puerto Rico. 68: 112. . Campbell, Howard W. & Robert S. Simmons. 1962. Notes on some reptiles and amphibians from western Mexico. 61: 193 -203. . Childs, Henry E., Jr. 1955. An incidence of albinism in yellow-legged frogs. 54: 126-127. 18. 19. 20. eal 2a: 23% 24. Ze: 26. Zi 20: Zo. 30. aL. a2; 33: Cohen, Nathan W. & Sherwin F. Wood. 1953. Vertebrate census of an earth, stone, concrete check dam at the San Joaquin Experimental Range. 52: 35-38. Cornett, James W. 1981. Batrachoseps major (Amphibia: Caudata: Plethodontidae) from the Colorado Desert. 80: 94-95. DeLisle, Harold F. 1991. Behavioral ecology of the banded rock lizard (Petrosaurus mearnsi). 90: 102-117. DesLauriers, James R. 1965. A new Miocene tortoise from southern California. 64: 1-10. DeWeese, James E., see Savage, Jay M., 1979. *Dixon, James R. & Steven C. Anderson. 1973. A new genus and species of gecko (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from Iran and Iraq. 72: 155-160. ----- & W. Ronald Heyer. 1968. Anuran succession in a temporary pond in Colima, Mexico. 67:.129-137. Dole, Jim W., see Tracy, C. Richard, 1969. Dugas, Diana D., see Wilson, Larry David, 1972. Dyer, William G. 1975. Parasitism as an indicator of food sources in a cave-adapted salamander habitat. 74: 72-75. Erdman, Donald S., see Caldwell, David K., 1969. Etheridge, Richard. 1960. The Pliocene lizard genus Eumecoides Taylor. 59: 62-69. Fair, Jay W. 1969. Survival of weevils through the digestive tract of an amphibian. 68: 260- 261, Fritts, Thomas H., Margery L. Stinson, & Rene Marquez M. 1982. Status of sea turtle nesting in southern Baja California, Mexico. 81: 51-60. Fritts, Thomas H., see McCoid, Michael J., 1980. Gaudin, Anthony J. 1973. Species of North American chorus frogs (genus Pseudacris: family Hylidae). 72: 49-50. Hayes, Marc P. & Priscilla H. Starrett. 1980. Notes on a collection of centrolenid frogs from the Colombian Choco. 79: 89-96. Heyer, W. Ronald, see Dixon, James R., 1968. Hill, Howard R. 1934. The occurrence of linguatulids in pythons. 3: 117-122. ----- . 1935. New host records of the linguatulid Kiricephalus coarctatus (Diesing) in the United States. 34: 226-227. Hilton, William A. 1945a. An Aneides lugubris lugubris from Catalina Island, California. 44: 54-56. ----- . 1945b. Contributions from the Los Angeles Museum Channel Islands Biological Survey. No. 32. Distribution of the genus Batrachoseps, especially on the coastal islands of southern California. 44: 101-129. ----- . 1947. Lateral line sense organs in salamanders. 46: 97-110. oo . 1950. The ear of salamanders. 49: 41-54. ----- . 1951. The olfactory system of tailed Amphibia. 50: 119-127. 45. 46. —o . 1952. Dural blood vessels of salamanders. 51: 79-85. ----- . 1953.The pial vessels of the central nervous system in salamanders. 52: 28-34. ----- . 1957. Head muscles of salamanders. 56: 1-13. Loree . 1959. Review of the head muscles of salamanders. Part I. 58: 133-137. ,oceees . 1960. A review of the head muscles of salamanders. Part II. 59: 163-169. vores . 1962. Shoulder and upper arm muscles of salamanders. 61: 205-216. . Howell, Channing T. & Sherwin F. Wood. 1957. The prairie rattlesnake at Gran Quivira National Monument, New Mexico. 56: 97-98. . Hudson, Dennis M. & Bayard H. Brattstrom. 1977. A small herpetofauna from the late Pleistocene of Newport Beach Mesa, Orange, County, California. 76: 16-20. Jefferson, George T. 1982. Late Pleistocene vertebrates from a Mormon Mountain cave in southern Nevada. 81: 121-127. Kluge, Arnold G. 1965. Noteworthy records of the gekkonid lizard genus Homonota Gray from Argentina. 64: 127-131. Leatherwood, Stephen, see Awbrey, Frank T., Edward D. Mitchell, & William Rogers, 1984. . Loomis, Richard B. & Stephen G. Bennett. 1977. A new species of Eutrombicula (Acarina: Trombiculidae) from lizards of Nevado de Colima, Jalisco, Mexico. 76: 69-72. oo & Robert C. Stephens. 1962. Records of snakes from Joshua Tree National Monument, California. 61: 29-36. _oseeee & ----- . 1967. Additional notes on snakes taken in and near Joshua Tree National Monument, California. 66: 1-22. ----- & -----. 1973. The chiggers (Acarina, Trombiculidae) parasitizing the side-blotched lizard (Uta stansburiana) and other lizards in Joshua Tree National Monument, California. 72: 78-89. Loomis, Richard B., see Webb, James P., Jr., 1970; Welbourn, W. C., Jr., 1970. . Lowe, Charles H., Jr. & Richard G. Zweifel. 1951. Sympatric populations of Batrachoseps attenuatus and Batrachoseps pacificus in southern California. 50: 128-135. . Lynch, John D. 1969. The identity of the frog, Pseudohyla nigrogrisea of Ecuador. 68: 219- 224. .octees . 1972. Generic partitioning of the South American leptodactylid frog genus Eupsophus Fitzinger, 1843 (sensu lato). 71: 2-11. . *-----. 1973. A new species of Eleutherodactylus (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) from Andean Ecuador. 72: 107-109. . *-----. 1975. A new Chilean frog of the extra-Andean assemblage of Telmatobius (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae). 74: 160-161. 56. af: 58. oo. 60. 61. 62. 63: 64. 65. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. Marquez M., Rene, see Fritts, Thomas H. & Margery L. Stinson, 1982. Maruska, Edward J., see Brandon, Ronald A. & William T. Rumph, 1981. McCoid, Michael J. & Thomas H. Fritts. 1980. Observations of feral populations of Xenopus laevis (Pipidae) in southern California. 79: 82-86. McCranie, James R., see Savage, Jay M. & Larry David Wilson, 1988; Wilson, Larry David & Louis Porras, 1977. McDiarmid, Roy W. 1968. Variation, distribution and systematic status of the black-headed snake Tantilla yaquia Smith. 67: 159-177. Medica, Philip A. 1967. Food habits, habitat preference, reproduction, and diurnal activity in four sympatric species of whiptail lizards (Cnemidophorus) in south central New Mexico. 66: 251-276. Meyer, John R. 1968. The ecological significance of feeding behavior in the Mexican lizard, Anolis barkeri. 67: 255-262. ----- & Larry David Wilson. 1971. Taxonomic studies and notes on some Honduran amphibians and reptiles. 70: 106-114. Meyer, John R., see Wilson, Larry David, 1969; Wilson, Larry David, 1972a; Wilson, Larry David, 1972b. Mitchell, Edward D., see Awbrey, Frank T., Stephen Leatherwood, & William Rogers, 1984. Morton, Martin L. & Kenneth N. Sokolski. 1978. Sympatry in Bufo boreas and Bufo canorus and additional evidence of natural hybridization. 77: 52-55. Patterson, Robert. 1973. The os transiliens in four species of tortoises, genus Gopherus. 72: 51-52. *Peters, James A. 1964. The lizard genus Ameiva in Ecuador. 63: 113-127. Peterson, Edward L. & Sherwin F. Wood. 1955. A Sonoran lyre snake, Trimorphodon, under a ground cloth. 54: 166. Porras, Louis, see Wilson, Larry David & James R. McCranie, 1977. Presch, William. 1974. Evolutionary relationships and biogeography of the macrotetid lizards (family Teiidae, subfamily Teiinae). 73: 23-32. ----- . 1975. The evolution of limb reduction in the te1id lizard genus Bachia. 74: 113-121. ----- . 1976. Secondary palate formation in microteiid lizards (Teiidae: Lacertilia). 75: 28]- Rivers, J. J. 1902. Silvery footless lizard or snake. 1: 27. Robinson, Douglas C., see Wilson, Larry David, 1971. Rogers, William, see Awbrey, Frank T., Stephen Leatherwood, & Edward D. Mitchell, 1984. Rumph, William T., see Brandon, Ronald A. & Edward J. Maruska, 1981. Savage, Jay M. 1956. The major features of lizard evolution. 55: 117-119. *----- . 1965. A new bromeliad frog of the genus Eleutherodactylus from Costa Rica. 64: 106-110. Ws 72. 73. 74. 15. 76; Tih 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. Soi *----- . 1968. A new red-eyed tree-frog (family Hylidae) from Costa Rica, with a review of the Hyla uranochoroa group. 67: 1-20. *-----. 1980a. A new frog of the genus Eleutherodactylus (Leptodactylidae) from the Monteverde Forest Preserve, Costa Rica. 79: 13-19. ----- . 1980b. A synopsis of the larvae of Costa Rican frogs and toads. 79: 45-54. *----- & James E. DeWeese. 1979. A new species of leptodactylid frog, genus Eleutherodactylus, from the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. 78: 107-115. *-----, James R. McCranie, & Larry David Wilson. 1988. New upland stream frogs of the Eleutherodactylus rugulosus group (Amphibia: Anura: Leptodactylidae) from Honduras. 87: 50-56. ----- & Frederick W. Schuierer. 1961. The eggs of toads of the Bufo boreas group, with descriptions of the eggs of Bufo exsul and Bufo nelsoni. 60: 93-99. Savage, Jay M., see Starrett, Pricella H., 1973. Schuierer, Frederick W. 1958. Factors affecting neoteny in the salamander Dicamptodon ensatus (Eschscholtz). 57: 119-121. Schuierer, Frederick W., see Savage, Jay M., 1961. Scott, Norman J., Jr. & Andrew Starrett. 1974. An unusual breeding aggregation of frogs, with notes on the ecology of Agalychnis spurrelli (Anura: Hylidae). 73: 86-94. Simmons, Robert S., see Campbell, Howard W., 1962. Sokolski, Kenneth N., see Morton, Martin L., 1978. Soule, John D. 1966. Origin of the enamel matrix in developing amphibian teeth. 65: 193- 201. ----- . 1970. The organic matrix in developing dental enamel and dentin studied by scanning electron microscopy. 69: 104-111. Starrett, Andrew, see Scott, Norman J., Jr., 1974. *Starrett, Priscilla. 1966. Rediscovery of Hyla pictipes Cope, with description of a new montane stream Hyla from Costa Rica. 65: 17-28. *----- & Jay M. Savage. 1973. The systematic status and distribution of Costa Rican glass- frogs, genus Centrolenella (family Centrolenidae), with description of a new species. 72: 57-78. Starrett, Priscilla H., see Hayes, Marc P., 1980. Stephens, Robert C., see Loomis, Richard B., 1962; 1967; 1973. Stewart, Glenn R., see Bellemin, Jeanne M., 1977. Stinson, Margery L., see Fritts, Thomas H. & Rene Marquez M., 1982. Sturn, Ann, see Brattstrom, Bayard H., 1959. Tracy, C. Richard & Jim W. Dole. 1969. Evidence of celestial orientation by California toads (Bufo boreas) during breeding migration. 68: 10-18. Vaughn, Peter Paul. 1963. New information on the structure of Permian lepospondylous vertebrate from an unusual source. 62: 150-158. *.---. 1969. Further evidence of close relationship of the trematopsid and dissorophid labyrinthodont amphibians with a description of a new genus and new species. 68: 121-130. 86. ----- . 1970. Alternation of neural spine height in certain early Permian tetrapods. 69: 80-86. Villa, Jaime, see Wilson, Larry David, 1973. 87. Vinegar, Allen. 1968. Brooding of the eastern glass lizard, Ophisaurus ventralis. 67: 65- 68. 88. Von Bloeker, Jack C., Jr. 1942. Amphibians and reptiles of the dunes. 41: 29-38. 89. Wake, David B. 1961. The distribution of the Sinaloa narrowmouthed toad, Gastrophryne mazatlanensis (Taylor). 60: 88-92. 90. Webb, James P., Jr. & Richard, B. Loomis. 1970. Four species of Microtrombicula (Acarina: Trombiculidae) from Mexico and Nicaragua. 69: 133-144. 91. Webb, Robert G. 1982. Taxonomic status of some Neotropical garter snakes (genus Thamnophis). 81: 26-40. 92. Welbourn, W. C., Jr. & Richard B. Loomis. 1970. Three new species of Hannemania (Acarina, Trimbiculidae) from amphibians of western Mexico. 69: 65-73. 93. Wilson, Larry David. 1970. Tantilla brevicauda: An addition to the snake fauna of Guatemala, with comments on its relationships. 69: 118-120. 94, ----- . 1974. Tantilla taeniata (Bocourt): An addition to the snake fauna of El Salvador. 73: 53-54. 95, ----- . 1976. Variation in the South American colubrid snake (Tantilla semicincta, Bibron and Dumeéril), with comments on pattern dimorphism. 75: 42-48. 96. ----- & Diana D. Dugas. 1972. Pliocercus euryzonus Cope: An addition to the snake fauna of Honduras. 71: 159. 97. ----- , James R. McCranie, & Louis Porras. 1977. Taxonomic notes on Tantilla (Serpentes: Colubridae) from tropical America. 76: 49-56. 98. ----- & John R. Meyer. 1969. A review of the colubrid snake genus Amastridium. 68: 145- 99, ----- & ----- . 1972a. Rhadinaea godmani, an addition to the snake fauna of Honduras. 71: 100. ----- & ----- . 1972b. The coral snake Micrurus nigrocinctus in Honduras (Serpentes: Elapidae). 71: 139-145. 101. ----- & Douglas C. Robinson. 1971. Additional specimens of the colubrid snake Amastridium veliferum Cope from Costa Rica, with comments on a pseudohermaphrodite. 70: 53-54. 102. ----- & Jaime Villa. 1973. Colubrid snakes of the genus Tantilla from Nicaragua. 72: 93-96. Wilson, Larry David, see Meyer, John R., 1971; Savage, Jay M. & James R. McCranie, 1988. 103. Wood, Sherwin F. 1944a. The reptile associates of wood rats and cone-nosed bugs. 43: 44- 48. 104, ----- . 1944b. Notes on the food of reptiles with special reference to their possible control of cone-nosed bugs. 43: 86-91. Wood, Sherwin F., see Cohen, Nathan W., 1953; Howell, Channing T., 1957; Peterson, Edward L., 1955. 105. Wright, John W. & Donald G. Broadley. 1973. Chromosomes and the status of Rhampholeon marshalli Boulenger (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae). 72: 164-165. 106. *Zweifel, Richard G. 1954. A new frog of the genus Rana from western Mexico with a key to the Mexican species of the genus. 53: 131-141. 107. ----- . 1981. Color pattern morphs of the kingsnake (Lampropeltis getulus) in southern California: Distribution and evolutionary status. 80: 70-81. Zweifel, Richard G., see Lowe, Charles H., Jr., 1951. MEMOIRS OF THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 108. Barrows, Cameron W. 1986. Coachella Valley Preserve-The Coachella solution: The establishment of the Coachella Valley Preserve. In Desert Ecology 1986: A research Symposium, (Robert G. Zahary, ed.). (10): 3-5. 109. Wake, David B. 1966. Comparative osteology and evolution of the lungless salamanders, family Plethodontidae. (4): I-111. SCIENTIFIC NAME INDEX Acheloma cumminsi 85 Acheloma whitei 85 Acris crepitans 83 Acris gryllus 83 Adelphicos quadrivirgatus 98 Agalychnis annae 78 Agalychnis calcarifer 73 Agalychnis callidryas 73, 78 Agalychnis dacnicolor 23, 78 Agalychnis moreletti 78 Agalychnis saltator 73, 78 Agalychnis spurrelli 73, 78 Alopoglossus 65, 67 Alsodes coppingeri 53 Alsodes gargola 53 Alsodes illotus 53 Alsodes monticola 53 Alsodes nodosus 53 Amastridium sapperi 98 Amastridium veliferum 98, 101 Amblystoma annulatum 34 Amblystoma californiense 34 Amblystoma gracile 34 Amblystoma jeffersonianum 34 Amblystoma macrodactylum 34 Amblystoma maculatum 34, 35 Amblystoma opacum 34 Amblystoma talpoideum 34 Amblystoma texanum 34 Amblystoma tigrinum nebulosum 34 Amblystoma tigrinum tigrinum 34 Ambystoma 36, 37, 109 Ambystoma dumerilii 7 Ambystoma gracile 41 Ambystoma macrodactylum 41 Ambystoma maculata 39 Ambystoma maculatum 41, 42 Ambystoma opacum 35 Ambystoma rosaceum 7, 92 Ambystoma subsalsum 7 Ambystoma taylori 7 Ambystoma tigranum 35 Ambystoma tigrinum 7, 38 Ambystoma tigrinum californiense 17 Ambysytoma 36 Ameiva ameiva 65 Ameiva ameiva ameiva 63 Ameiva ameiva petersi 63 Ameiva auberi 65 Ameiva bifrontata 65 Ameiva bifrontata divisa 63 Ameiva bridgei 65 Ameiva bridgesii 63 Ameiva chrysolaema 65 Ameiva dorsalis 65 Ameiva edracantha 63 Ameiva erythrocephalus 65 Ameiva exsul 65 Ameiva festiva 65 Ameiva fuscata 65 Ameiva griswoldi 65 Ameiva leptophrys 65 Ameiva lineolata 65 Ameiva maynardi 65 Ameiva orcesi 63 Ameiva pleii 65 Ameiva pluvianotata 65 Ameiva polops 65 Ameiva quadrilineata 65 Ameiva septemlineata 63, 65 Ameiva taeniura 65 Ameiva thoracica 65 Ameiva undulata 65, 98 Ameiva wetmorei 65 Amphibamus 85 Amphiuma 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 109 Amyda 9 Anadia 65, 67 Aneides 34, 35, 39 Aneides aeneus 109 Aneides ferreus 109 Aneides flavipunctatus 109 Aneides hardii 109 Aneides lugubris 41, 44, 109 Aneides lugubris lugubris 3, 32 Anguis 66 Aniella nigra 68 Aniella pulchra 68 Anniella 66 Anniella pulchra 3, 50, 88 Anolis altae 60 Anolis anisolepis 60 Anolis barkeri 59 Anolis bouvierii 60 Anolis carolinensis 59 Anolis cobanensis 60 Anolis concolor 59, 60 Anolis crassulus 60 Anolis dunni 60 Anolis fuscoauratus 59 Anolis haguei 60 Anolis heteropholidotus 60 Anolis humilis humilis 60 Anolis humilis marsupialis 60, 82 Anolis humilis quaggulus 60 Anolis humilis uniformis 60 Anolis intermedius 60 Anolis laeviventris 60 Anolis lineatopus 59 Anolis nannodes 60 Anolis quaggulus 60 Anolis sagrei 59 Anolis sminthus 59, 60 Anolis tropidonotus 60, 98 Anolis uniformis 60 Anotheca spinosa 73 Anotosaura 65, 66 Argalia 65 Arizona elegans candida 49 Arizona elegans eburnata 48, 49 Arizona elegans occidentalis 3, 49, 104 Arthrosaura 65, 67 Asaccus 22 Asaccus elisae 22 Asaccus griseonotus 22 Ascaphus truei 83, 109 Atelopus chiriquiensis 73 Atelopus senex 73 Atelopus varius 73 Bachia 65, 67 Bachia barbouri 66 Bachia bicolor 66 Bachia dorbignyi 66 Bachia flavescens 66 Bachia heteropa 66 Bachia intermedia 66 Bachia monodactylus 66 Bachia pallidiceps 66 Bachia panoplia 66 Bachia peruana 66 Bachia scolecoides 66 Bachia talpa 66 Bachia trisanale 66 Barisia imbricata 47 Basiliscus vittatus 59 Batrachoseps 34, 36, 41 Batrachoseps aridus \9 Batrachoseps attenuatus 5, 51, 109 Batrachoseps attenuatus attenuatus 3, 33, 88 Batrachoseps attenuatus catalinae 33 Batrachoseps attenuatus leucopus 33 Batrachoseps attenuatus major 3, 33 Batrachoseps attenuatus pacificus 33 Batrachoseps campi 19 Batrachoseps catalinae 33 Batrachoseps caudatus 33, 109 Batrachoseps leucopus 33 Batrachoseps major 19, 33 Batrachoseps pacificus 5, 33, 51, 109 Batrachoseps wrighti 6, 109 Batrachuperus 109 Batrachyla antartandica 53 Batrachyla leptopus 53, 55 Batrachyla taeniata 53 Batrachyperus pinchonii 34 Bipes 66 Boavus affinis 9 Boletoglossa 35 Boletoglossa leprosa 41 Bolitoglossa 34 Bolitoglossa adspersa 109 Bolitoglossa altamazonica 109 Bolitoglossa alvaradoi 109 Bolitoglossa arborescandens 109 Bolitoglossa biseriata 109 Bolitoglossa borburata 109 Bolitoglossa brevipes 109 Bolitoglossa capitana 109 Bolitoglossa cerroensis 109 Bolitoglossa chica 109 Bolitoglossa colonnea 109 Bolitoglossa cuchamatana 109 Bolitoglossa dofleini 109 Bolitoglossa dunni 109 Bolitoglossa engelhardti 109 Bolitoglossa epimela 109 Bolitoglossa flavimembris 109 Bolitoglossa flaviventris 109 Bolitoglossa franklini 109 Bolitoglossa helmrichi 109 Bolitoglossa hypacra 109 Bolitoglossa lignicolor 109 Bolitoglossa lincolni 109 Bolitoglossa macrinii 109 10 Bolitoglossa marmorea 109 Bolitoglossa mexicana 109 Bolitoglossa morio 109 Bolitoglossa nicefori 109 Bolitoglossa nigrescens 109 Bolitoglossa nigroflavescens 109 Bolitoglossa occidentalis 109 Bolitoglossa omniumsanctorum 109 Bolitoglossa orestes 109 Bolitoglossa palmata 109 Bolitoglossa pandi 109 Bolitoglossa parviceps Bolitoglossa peruviana 109 Bolitoglossa phalarosoma 109 Bolitoglossa platydactyla 109 Bolitoglossa riletti 109 Bolitoglossa robusta 109 Bolitoglossa rostrada 109 Bolitoglossa rufescens 109 Bolitoglossa salvinii 109 Bolitoglossa savagei 109 Bolitoglossa schizodactyla 109 Bolitoglossa schmidti 109 Bolitoglossa sima 109 Bolitoglossa sooyorum 109 Bolitoglossa striatula 109 Bolitoglossa subpalmata 109 Bolitoglossa vallecula 109 Bolitoglossa veracrucis 109 Bolitoglossa yucatana 109 Borborocoetea grayi 53 Borborocoetes bolitoglossus 53 Borborocoetes columbianus 53 Borborocoetes grayi 53 Borborocoetes verucosus 53 Bothrops bicolor 60 Bothrops rowleyi 60 Brachymeles 65 Broiliellus 85 Bufo 10, 12 Bufo alvarius 76, 89 Bufo americanus 78 Bufo boreas 9, 26, 44, 61, 76, 78, 83 Bufo boreas halophilus 3, 88 Bufo bufo 78 Bufo canorus 61, 76 Bufo coccifer 73 Bufo cognatus 26, 44 Bufo cognatus californicus 3 Bufo coniferus 73 Bufo exsul 76 Bufo fastidiosus 73 Bufo fowleri 83 Bufo haematiticus 73 Bufo holdridgei 73 Bufo luetkenii 73 Bufo marinus 73, 78 Bufo marmoreus 23 Bufo melanochloris 73, 78 Bufo nelsoni 76 Bufo periglenes 72, 73 Bufo retiformis 89 Bufo valliceps 73, 98 Bufo variegatus 55 Bufo woodhousei 44 Cacotus maculatus 53 Caiman crocodilus 78 Calamagras 9 Callisaurus draconoides 50 Callisaurus ventralis gabbii 3 Callisaurus ventralis ventralis 3 Calliscincopus 65 Callopistes flavipunctatus 65 Callopistes maculatus 65 Captorhinikos 86 Captorhinus 84 Captorhinus aguti 86 Cardiocephalus 84 Centrolene fleischmanni 82 Centrolene geckoideum 29 Centrolene valerioi 82 Centrolenella albomaculata 29, 73, 82 Centrolenella antioquiensis 29 Centrolenella buckleyi 29 Centrolenella chirripoi 29, 73, 82 Centrolenella chrysops 82 Centrolenella colymbiphyllum 29, 72, 73, 82 Centrolenella decorata 82 Centrolenella euknemos 29, 73, 82 Centrolenella fleischmanni 29, 73, 82 Centrolenella grandisonae 29 Centrolenella granulosa 73, 82 Centrolenella griffithsi 29 Centrolenella ilex 29, 73, 82 Centrolenella johnelsi 29 el, Centrolenella medemi 29 Centrolenella millepunctata 82 Centrolenella ocellifera 29 Centrolenella parabambae 29 Centrolenella peristicta 29 Centrolenella prosoblepon 29, 72, 73, 82 Centrolenella pulverata 29, 73, 82 Centrolenella reticulata 73, 82 Centrolenella spinosa 29, 73, 82 Centrolenella talamancae 73, 82 Centrolenella valerioi 29, 73, 82 Centrolenella vireovittata 73, 82 Centrolenella viridissima 82 Cercosaura 67 Cercosaurus 65 Chamaeleo marshalli_ 105 Chamaesaura macrolepis 66 Chamops segnis 65 Charina bottae 3, 9 Charina prebottae 9 Cheilophis 9 Chelonia mydas 1, 27, 44 Chelonia mydas agassizi 14 Chelonia mydas carrinegra 14 Chioglossa 109 Chionactis 12 Chionactis occipitalis occipitalis 48, 49 Chiropterotriton 5, 34 Chiropterotriton abscondens 109 Chiropterotriton arboreus 109 Chiropterotriton barbouri 109 Chiropterotriton bromeliacia 109 Chiropterotriton chiropterus 109 Chiropterotriton chondrostega 109 Chiropterotriton dimidiatus 109 Chiropterotriton lavae 109 Chiropterotriton magnipes 109 Chiropterotriton megarhinus 109 Chiropterotriton mosauri 109 Chiropterotriton multidentatus 109 Chiropterotriton nasalis 109 Chiropterotriton picadoi 109 Chiropterotriton priscus 109 Chiropterotriton xolocalcae 109 Clemmys bockmani 13 Clemmys hesperia 13 Clemmys marmorata 3, 9, 13, 44, 88 Clemmys morrisiae 13 Clemmys owyheensis 13 Clemmys saxea 13 Cnemidophorus 44 Cnemidophorus angusticeps 65 Cnemidophorus bilobatus 25 Cnemidophorus burti 65 Cnemidophorus calidipes 65 Cnemidophorus ceralbensis 65 Cnemidophorus communis 65 Cnemidophorus costatus 65 Cnemidophorus cozumela 65 Cnemidophorus deppi 65 Cnemidophorus exsanguis 58, 65 Cnemidophorus gularis 58, 65 Cnemidophorus guttatus 65 Cnemidophorus hyperythrus 58, 65 Cnemidophorus inornatus 58, 65 Cnemidophorus labialis 58, 65 Cnemidophorus lacertoides 65 Cnemidophorus lemniscatus 65 Cnemidophorus lineatissimus 65 Cnemidophorus maximus 65 Cnemidophorus melanostethus 103 Cnemidophorus montaguae 65 Cnemidophorus murinus 65 Cnemidophorus neomexicanus 58, 65 Cnemidophorus ocellifer 65 Cnemidophorus perplexus 103 Cnemidophorus sacki 65 Cnemidophorus septemvittatus 58, 65 Cnemidophorus sexlineatus 25, 58, 65 Cnemidophorus sonorae 65 Cnemidophorus tessellatus 58 Cnemidophorus tessellatus stejnegeri 3 Cnemidophorus tessellatus tessellatus 3 Cnemidophorus tigris 8, 9, 50, 58, 65 Cnemidophorus uniparens 65 Cnemidophorus vanzoi 65 Cnemidophorus velox 65 Cochranella chirripoi 82 Cochranella decorata 82 Cochranella fleischmanni 82 Cochranella millepunctata 82 Cochranella reticulata 82 Cochranella talamancae 82 Coleonyx variegatus 3, 50, 103, 104 Colobodactylus 65, 66, 67 Colobosaura 66 12 Colobosaurus 65 Colostethus nubicola 73 Colostethus talamancae 73 Coluber 8 Coluber atratus 60 Coluber constrictor 9, 10, 12, 103 Coluber constrictor mormon 3, 88 Coluber flagellum frenatum 104 Coluber lateralis 18 Coniophanes bipunctatus 98 Coniophanes fissidens 98 Coniophanes imperialis 98 Coronella 98 Craspedoglossa sanctaecatherinae 53 Crenadactylus ocellatus 22 Crepidophryne epioticus 73 Crocodilurus lacertinus 65 Crossodactylus 53 Crotalus 31 Crotalus atrox 8, 10, 42, 49 Crotalus cerastes 3, 8 Crotalus cerastes cerastes 48, 49 Crotalus cerastes laterorepens 48, 49 Crotalus confluentus mitchellii 3 Crotalus confluentus oreganus 3 Crotalus mitchelli 20 Crotalus mitchelli pyrrhus 48, 49 Crotalus mitchelli stephensi 8 Crotalus molossus molossus 103 Crotalus potterensis 9 Crotalus ruber 3 Crotalus ruber ruber 49 Crotalus scutulatus 3, 8 Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus 49 Crotalus viridis 8, 9, 12, 13, 18, 44 Crotalus viridis helleri 48, 49 Crotalus viridis oreganus 88 Crotalus viridis viridis 43 Crotaphytus 12 Crotaphytus collaris 3, 8, 9, 50 Crotaphytus collaris baileyi 10, 104 Crotaphytus wislizenii 3, 9, 50 Cryptobranchus 34, 35, 36, 38, 40, 42, 84, 109 Cryptobranchus alleghaniensis 79 Cynaps pyrogaster 41 Cynops 35, 109 Cynops pyrogaster 39 Cynops pyrrhogaster 34 Cystignathus missiessii 53 Cystignathus nodosus 53 Cystignathus sylvestris 53 Dehmiella schindwolfi 109 Dendrobates auratus 73 Dendrobates granuliferus 73 Dendrobates pumilio 73 Dermochelys coriacea 27 Dermophis occidentalis 82 Dermophis parviceps 82 Desmognathus 36, 38 Desmognathus aeneus 109 Desmognathus auriculatus 109 Desmognathus fusca 41 Desmognathus fuscus 42, 109 Desmognathus fuscus auriculatus 34 Desmognathus fuscus brimleyorum 34 Desmognathus fuscus fuscus 34 Desmognathus monticola 109 Desmognathus ochrophaeus 109 Desmognathus ochrophus carolinensis 34 Desmognathus ochrophus ochrophus 34 Desmognathus ocoee 109 Desmognathus phoca 34 Desmognathus quadramaculatus 109 Desmognathus quadramaculatus quadramaculatus 34 Desmognathus quadrimaculatus 35 Desmognathus wrighti 34, 109 Diadophis 98 Diadophis amabilis modestus 3, 88 Diaglena spatulata 23 Diamectylus viridescens 42 Diaphorolepis 98 Dicamptodon 35, 36, 39, 41 Dicamptodon ensatus 34, 77, 109 Dicrodon guttulatum 65 Dicrodon heterolepis 65 Dicrodon holmbergi 65 Diemictylus viridescens 39, 41 Diemyctylus viridescens 37, 42 Diplocaulus 84 Dipsas tenuissima 82 Dipsosaurus dorsalis 50 Dipsosaurus dorsalis dorsalis 3, 104 Dracaena colombiana 65 13 Dracaena guianensis 65 Dracaena paraguatensis 65 Dryadophis dorsalis 60 Dryadophis melanolomus laevis 60 Drymarchon corais couperi 31 Drymobius margaritiferus 98 Echinosaura 67 Echinosaurus 65 Ecolsonia 85 Ecolsonia cutlerensis 85 Ecpleopus 65, 67 Eladinea 109 Elaphe subocularis 10 Elaphe triaspis 57 Eleutherodactylus 81 Eleutherodactylus alfredi 74 Eleutherodactylus anatipes 75 Eleutherodactylus anciano 75 Eleutherodactylus andi 72, 74 Eleutherodactylus angelicus 72 Eleutherodactylus anomalus 54, 75 Eleutherodactylus anotis 54 Eleutherodactylus aurilegulus 75 Eleutherodactylus berkenbuschii 74, 75 Eleutherodactylus binotatus 53, 54 Eleutherodactylus brocchi 74, 75 Eleutherodactylus bufoniformis 54 Eleutherodactylus bufonius 52 Eleutherodactylus caryophallaceous 70 Eleutherodactylus cerasinus 70 Eleutherodactylus crassidigitus 72 Eleutherodactylus cruentus 70, 72 Eleutherodactylus cuaquero 72 Eleutherodactylus decoratus 74 Eleutherodactylus diastema 70, 72 Eleutherodactylus dubitus 70 Eleutherodactylus escoses 75 Eleutherodactylus fitzingeri 54, 72, 74 Eleutherodactylus fleischmanni 75 Eleutherodactylus ginesi 53 Eleutherodactylus gollmeri 72, 98 Eleutherodactylus guentheri 53 Eleutherodactylus hylaeformis 70 Eleutherodactylus latidiscus 52 Eleutherodactylus longirostris 72 Eleutherodactylus marshae 70 Eleutherodactylus matudai 75 Eleutherodactylus melanostictus 72 Eleutherodactylus merendonensis 60, 75 Eleutherodactylus milesi 75 Eleutherodactylus moro 70 Eleutherodactylus natator 74 Eleutherodactylus nigrogriseus 52 Eleutherodactylus octavioi 53 Eleutherodactylus pugnax 54 Eleutherodactylus punctariolus 60, 75 Eleutherodactylus rayo 72, 74 Eleutherodactylus ridens 70, 72 Eleutherodactylus rugulosus 72, 74, 75, 98 Eleutherodactylus rugulosus natator 60 Eleutherodactylus rugulosus rugulosus 60 Eleutherodactylus surdus 54 Eleutherodactylus talamancae 72, 74 Eleutherodactylus tiptoni 70 Eleutherodactylus unistrigatus 54 Eleutherodactylus verrucosus 53 Eleutherodactylus vocalis 74 Eleutherodactylus vocator 70 Eleutherodactylus vulcani 74 Eleutherodactylus zygodactylus 75 Engystomops pustulosa 98 Ensatina 34, 35, 41 Ensatina eschscholtzii 3, 109 Enulius flavitorques 16 Enulius unicolor 16 Eretmochelys imbricata 27 Eryops 86 Eumeces 103 Eumeces brevirostris 47 Eumeces callicephalus 57 Eumeces gilberti 18, 48, 50 Eumeces multivirgatus 10 Eumeces obsoletus 10 Eumeces skiltonianus 3 Eumeces striatulus 25, 88 Eumecoides hibbardi 25 Eumecoides mylocoelus 25 Euphsophus verrucosus 53 Euproctus 109 Euproctus platycephalus 34 Eupsophus bolitoglossus 53 Eupsophus columbianus 53 Eupsophus coppingeri 53, 55 Eupsophus gargolus 53 Eupsophus ginesi 53 14 Eupsophus illotus 53 Eupsophus juninensis 53 Eupsophus lutzi 53 Eupsophus miliaris 53 Eupsophus montanus 53 Eupsophus monticola 53, 55 Eupsophus nodosus 53 Eupsophus pervanus 53 Eupsophus petropolitanus 53 Eupsophus quixensis 53 Eupsophus roseus 53 Eupsophus sylvestris 53 Eupsophus taeniatus 53 Eupsophus versus 53 Eupsophus vertebralis 53 Eupsophus wettsteini 53 Eurycea 39 Eurecea bislineata 41 Eurecea gutolineata 36 Eurycea 41 Eurycea aquatica 109 Eurycea bislineata 109 Eurycea bislineata bislineata 34 Eurycea bislineata cirrigera 34 Eurycea bislineata wilderi 34 Eurycea longicauda 109 Eurycea longicauda guttolineata 34 Eurycea longicauda longicauda 34 Eurycea longicauda melanopleura 34 Eurycea lucifuga 34, 109 Eurycea multiplicata 34, 109 Eurycea nana 34, 109 Eurycea neotenes 34 Eurycea pterophila 109 Eurycea quadridigitata 109 Eurycea tridentifera 109 Eurycea troglodytes 109 Eurycea tynerensis 109 Euspondylus 65, 67 Eutaenia cyrtopsis fulvus 91 Eutaenia cyrtopsis sumichrasti 91 Eutaenia ordinatus eques 91 Eutaenia ordinatus sumichrasti 91 Exelencophis 16 Fleischmannia obscura 98, 101 Gambelia wislizeni 9 Gastrophryne carolinensis 89 Gastrophryne mazatlanensis 89 Gastrophryne olivacea 89 Gastrophryne pictiventris 73 Gastrophryne texensis 103 Geotriton 109 Gerrhonotus coeruleus 103, 109 Gerrhonotus kingii 103 Gerrhonotus multicarinatus 18 Gerrhonotus multicarinatus webbii 88, 103, 104 Gerrhonotus scincicauda 79, 80 Gerrhonotus scincicauda webbii 3 Geyeriella mertensi 109 Glossostoma alterrimum 73 Gopherus 44 Gopherus agassizii 3, 8, 9, 10, 62 Gopherus berlandieri 10, 62 Gopherus dehiscus 21 Gopherus flavomarginatus 10, 62 Gopherus mohavetus 21 Gopherus polyphemus 62 Gyalopion quadrangularis desertorum 16 Gyalopion quadrangularis quadrangularis 16 Gymnodactylus borelli 46 Gymnodactylus horridus 46 Gymnophthalmus 65, 66, 67 Gyrinophilus 39, 41 Gyrinophilus danielsi 109 Gyrinophilus palleucus 109 Gyrinophilus porphyriticus 109 Gyrinophilus porphyriticus danielsi 34 Gyrinophilus porphyriticus porphyriticus 34 Haideotriton wallacei 109 Hammatodactylus 53 Haptoglossa 109 Haptosphenus placodon 65 Heloderma suspectum 8 Hemidactylium scutatum 34, 109 Hemidactylum 35, 41 Hemidactylum pacificus 33 Hemidactylum scutatum 34 Heterodactylus 65, 67 Heterodactylus imbricatus 66 Homalocranion lineatum 95 15 Homalocranion semi-cinctum 95 Homalocranium alticola 97 Homalocranium coralliventre 97 Homalocranium laticeps 95 Homalocranium semicinctum 95 Homonota borelli 46 Homonota darwinii 46 Homonota fasciata 46 Homonota horrida 46 Homonota underwoodi 46 Homonota whitii 46 Hydrocalamus 98 Hydromantes 35, 41 Hydromantes brunus 109 Hydromantes genei 34, 109 Hydromantes italicus 109 Hydromantes platycephalus 34, 42, 109 Hydromantes shastae 109 Hydromorphus 98 Hyla 52, 54 Hyla albomarginata 73 Hyla alleei 71 Hyla angustilineata 73 Hyla arborea 78 Hyla arenicolor 3, 92 Hyla baudini 78 Hyla boulengeri 73, 78 Hyla cherrei 71 Hyla colymba 71, 73 Hyla debilis 71, 73, 81 Hyla ebraccata 73, 78 Hyla elaeochroa 71, 73, 78 Hyla eximia 92 Hyla fimbrimembra 73 Hyla lancasteri 73 Hyla legleri 71, 73, 81, 82 Hyla loquax 73 Hyla lythrodes 71, 73 Hyla microcephala 71, 73 Hyla miliaria 73, 78 Hyla moesta 71 Hyla monticola 71 Hyla moraviensis 73 Hyla phlebodes 73 Hyla picadoi 73 Hyla pictipes 71, 73, 81 Hyla pseudopuma 72, 73, 81 Hyla punctariola moesta 81 Hyla punctariola monticola 71, 81 Hyla punctariola pictipes 71, 81 Hyla regilla 2, 3, 17, 44, 88 Hyla rivularis 71, 72, 73, 81 Hyla rosenbergi 73, 78 Hyla rufioculis 71, 73, 81 Hyla rufitela 73 Hyla staufferi 71, 73 Hyla strigilata 53 Hyla subocularis 71, Hyla tica 71, 73, 81 Hyla uranochroa 71, 72, 73, 81 Hyla xanthosticta 73 Hyla zeteki 71, 73 Hylactophryne augusti 57, 74 Hylella chrysops 82 Hylella fleischmanni 82 Hylodes berkenbuschii 74 Hylodes philippi 53 Hylodes verrucosus 53 Hylorina 53 Hynobius 34, 35, 36, 109 Hypopachus caprimimus 73 Hypopachus variolosus 23, 73 Hypsiglena ochrorhynchus 3 Hypsiglena ochrorhynchus ochrorhynchus 103 Hypsiglena torquata deserticola 12, 48, 49 Hypsiglena torquata klauberi 48, 49 Iguana iguana 78 Imantodes 78 Iphisa 65, 66, 67 Ischnocnema guixenis 53 Ischnocnema tuberculosus 53 Ischnocnema verrucosa 53 Kentropyx 67 Kentropyx altamazonicus 65 Kentropyx calcaratus 65 Kentropyx pelviceps 65 Kentropyx striatus 65 Kentropyx viridistriga 65 Kentropyx williamsoni 65 Labidosaurus 86 Lampropeltis 13 Lampropeltis californiae californiae 3 16 Lampropeltis getulus 8, 9, 10, 12, 44 Lampropeltis getulus boylii 3, 88 Lampropeltis getulus californiae 48, 49, 95, 107 Lampropeltis getulus nigritus 16 Lampropeltis multicincta 3 Lampropeltis nitida 107 Lampropeltis pyromelana 8 Lampropeltis triangulum micropholis 60 Leiuperus verrucosus 53 Lepidochelys olivacea 15, 27 Lepidophyma flavimaculatum 98 Leposoma 65, 66, 67 Leptocalamus trilineatus 94 Leptochamops denticulatus 65 Leptodactylus bolivianus 73 Leptodactylus fragilis 73 Leptodactylus labialis 23, 73 Leptodactylus melanonotus 23, 73, 98 Leptodactylus pentadactylus 73, 78 Leptodactylus podicipinus 74 Leptodactylus poecilochilus 73 Leptodactylus tuberculosus 53 Leptodactylus wagneri 74 Leptodeira septentrionalis 78 Leptophis ahaetulla 59 Leptotyphlops humilis cahuilae 49 Leptotyphlops humilis humilis 49, 104 Leuiperus verrucosus 53 Leurognathus 34, 41 Leurognathus marmoratus 109 Lialis 66 Lichanura 9 Lichanura roseofusca 3, 88 Lichanura roseofusca gracia 48 Lichanura trivirgata gracia 49 Lichanura trivirgata 49 Lichanura roseofusca 49 Lineatriton lineola 109 Litoria glandulosa 53 Longiscitula houghae 85 Lygosoma lentiginosus 66 Lygosoma verreauxi 66 Lysorophus 84 Macropholidus 65, 67 Magnadigita 34, 109 Manculus 39, 41 Manculus quadridigitatus 109 Manculus quadriditatus 34 Masticophis 20 Masticophis flagellum 8, 10, 12, 44 Masticophis flagellum frenatus 3, 88 Masticophis flagellum piceus 48, 49 Masticophis lateralis 3 Masticophis lateralis lateralis 48, 49 Masticophis taeniata 8 Megalobatrachus 40, 109 Megalobatricus 34 Megalotatricus 36 Megamolgophis 84 Meniscognathus ulumani 65 Micrablepharus 66 Microblepharus 65 Microbrachis 84 Microhyla carolinensis 89 Microhyla mazatlanensis 89 Microhyla olivacea 89 Micrurus fulvius 100 Micrurus nigrocinctus babaspul 100 Micrurus nigrocinctus coibensis 100 Micrurus nigrocinctus divaricatus 100 Micrurus nigrocinctus melanocephalus 100 Micrurus nigrocinctus mosquitensis 100 Micrurus nigrocinctus nigrocinctus 100 Micrurus nigrocinctus zunilensis 100 Micrurus ruatanus 100 Mimometophon sapperi 98 Molge vulgaris 79 Moschops 86 Natrix sipedon erythrogaster 31 Natrix sipedon sipedon 31 Natrix sipedon transversa 31 Natrix taxispilota 31 Necturis 40 Necturus 34-42, 109 Neusticurus 65, 67 Neusticurus apodemus 82 Niceforonia columbianus 53 Niceforonia festae 53 Niceforonia flavomaculata 53 Niceforonia montium 53 Niceforonia nana 53 Niceforonia wettsteini 53 Ninia atrata 60 ae Ninia sebae 98 Norops tropidolepis 72 Notophthalmus 109 Oedipina 34 Oedipina alfaroi 109 Oedipina bonitaensis 109 Oedipina collaris 109 Oedipina complex 109 Oedipina cyclocauda 109 Oedipina elongata 109 Oedipina elongatus 5, 109 Oedipina gracilis 109 Oedipina ignea 5, 109 Oedipina inusitata 109 Oedipina longissima 109 Oedipina pacificensis 109 Oedipina parviceps 109 Oedipina poelzi 109 Oedipina salvadorensis 5 Oedipina syndactyla 109 Oedipina taylori 5, 109 Oedipina uniformis 109 Oedipinola 34 Oedipus 109 Oedipus adspersa 41 Oedipus elongatus 5 Oedopinola 41 Ogmophis arenarum 9 Ogmophis compactus 9 Ogmophis oregonensis 9 Ololygon 53 Onychodactylus 34, 109 Ophibolus getulus eiseni 107 Ophiogonomon 65 Ophiomorus 66 Ophisaurus 25, 66 Ophisaurus harti 87 Ophisaurus ventralis 87 Opipeuter 65 Opisthotriton kayi 109 Oreobates quixensis 53 Ostodolepsis 84 Oxybelis aeneus 57 Pachytriton 109 Pachytriton brevipes 34 Paleothyris acadiana 86 Paludicola verrucosa 53 Pantodactylus 65 Pantylus 84 Pantylus cordatus 86 Paraedura 22 Paraglyphanodon gazini 65 Paramesotriton 109 Paraoxyrhopus 98 Parioxys 85 Parvimolge praecellens 109 Parvimolge richardi 109 Parvimolge townsendi 109 Pelodytes 29 Peltosaurus macrodon 9 Peneteius aquilonius 65 Petrosaurus mearnsi 20 Petrosaurus thalassinus repens 20 Phaeognathus hubrichti 109 Pholidobolus 67 Pholodobolus 65, 66 Phrynohyas venulosa 73, 78, 98 Phrynomerus 29 Phrynonax poecilonotus 98 Phrynopus peruanus 53 Phrynosoma asio 25 Phrynosoma blainvilli frontale 3 Phrynosoma Dblainvillii blainvillii 3, 88 Phrynosoma boucardi 25 Phrynosoma branconnieri 25 Phrynosoma cerroense 25 Phrynosoma cornutum 10, 25 Phrynosoma coronatum 50 Phrynosoma coronatum blainvillei 25 Phrynosoma coronatum frontale 25 Phrynosoma ditmarsi 25 Phrynosoma douglassi brevirostre 25 Phrynosoma douglassi hernandesi 25, 103 Phrynosoma m'calli 25 Phrynosoma modestum 25 Phrynosoma orbiculare durangoensis 25 Phrynosoma platyrhinos 3, 8, 12, 45, 50, 104 Phrynosoma platyrhinos platyrhinos 25 Phrynosoma solare 25 Phrynosoma taurus 25 Phydrops melas 98 Phyllobates lugubris 73 Phyllobates vittatus 73 18 Phyllodactylus elisae 22 Phyllodactylus eugeniae 22 Phyllodactylus gallagheri 22 Phyllodactylus homolepidurus homolepidurus 90 Phyllodactylus ocellatus 22 Phyllodactylus tuberculosus saxatilis 90 Phyllodactylus xanthi 20 Phyllomedusa 71 Phyllomedusa lemur 73, 78 Phyllorhynchus decurtatus perkinsi 48, 49, 104 Physalaemus 53 Physalaemus pustulosus 73 Pituophis catenifer 8, 10, 13 Pituophis catenifer annectens 3, 88 Pituophis catenifer deserticola 3 Pituophis melanoleucus 12, 44 Pituophis melanoleucus affinis 48, 49 Pituophis melanoleucus annectens 49 Pituophis melanoleucus deserticola 48, 49 Placosoma 65, 67 Plethodon 41 Plethodon caddoensis 109 Plethodon cinereus 35, 109 Plethodon cinereus cinereus 34 Plethodon cinereus dorsalis 34 Plethodon dorsalis 109 Plethodon dunni 34, 109 Plethodon elongatus 34, 109 Plethodon glutinosus 5, 35, 36, 39, 109 Plethodon glutinosus shermani 34 Plethodon hardii 34 Plethodon idahoensis 34 Plethodon jordani 34, 109 Plethodon larselli 109 Plethodon longicrus 109 Plethodon metcalfi 34 Plethodon neomexicanus 109 Plethodon nettingi 34 Plethodon ouachitae 5, 109 Plethodon richmondi 34, 109 Plethodon stormi 109 Plethodon vandykei 34, 109 Plethodon vehiculum 34, 109 Plethodon weherlei 34, 109 Plethodon welleri 34, 109 Plethodon yonahlosse 34 19 Plethodon yonahlossee 5, 109 Pseudoeurycea werleri 109 Plethopsis 41 Pseudoficimia frontalis hiltoni 16 Plethopsis wrighti 34 Pseudoficimia hiltoni 16 Pleurodeles 109 Pseudoficimia pulcherrima 16 Pleurodelides watli 34 Pseudohyla nigrogrisea 52 Pleurodellides 42 Pseudotriton 39, 41 Pleurodema bufonina 55 Pseudotriton montanus 109 Pleurodema verrucosa 53 Pseudotriton ruber 109 Pliocercus annellatus 96 Pseudotriton ruber ruber 34 Pliocercus arubticus 96 Pseudotriton ruber vioscai 34 Pliocercus dimidiatus 96 Pseustes poecilonotus 98 Pliocercus euryzonus aequalis 96 Ptychoglossus 65, 67 Polyglyphanodon sternbergi 65 Ptychohyla spinipollex 71 Polyglyphanodon utahensis 65 Ptychyglossus 66 Prionodactylus 65, 67 Pygopus 66 Proctoporus 65, 67 Prodesmodon copei 109 Rana 12, 56 Proteus 34, 39, 40, 41, 109 Rana aurora 2, 44 Psammodynastes 98 Rana aurora draytonii 3, 106 Psepdotriton 42 Rana boylei 44, 106 Pseuacris brachyphona 28 Rana boylii muscosa 3 Pseudacris brimleyi 28 Rana boylii sierrae 17 Pseuacris clarki 28 Rana cascadae 44 Pseudacris nigrita 28 Rana catesbeiana 18, 79, 80, 83, 106 Pseudacris ornata 28 Rana clamitans 78 Pseudacris streckeri 28 Rana macroglossa 106 Pseudacris triseriata 28, 83 Rana megapoda 106 Pseudobranchus 34, 39, 40, 42 Rana montezumae 92 Pseudoeurycea 34 Rana moorei 106 Pseudoeurycea altamontana 109 Rana muscosa 44 Pseudoeurycea bellii 109 Rana palmipes 73, 106 Pseudoeurycea brunnata 109 Rana pipiens 8, 10, 23, 73, 78, 79, 92, 98, Pseudoeurycea cephalica 109 106 Pseudoeurycea expectata 109 Rana platyrrhinus 79 Pseudoeurycea firscheini 109 Rana pustulosa 92, 106 Pseudoeurycea gadovii 109 Rana sierramadrensis 106 Pseudoeurycea galeanae 109 Rana sinaloae 92, 106 Pseudoeurycea gigantea 109 Rana tarahumarae_ 57, 92, 106 Pseudoeurycea goebeli 109 Rana temporaria 78 Pseudoeurycea leprosa 109 Rana vibicaria 73 Pseudoeurycea melanomolge 109 Rana warschewitschii 73 Pseudoeurycea nigromaculata 109 Ranodon 36 Pseudoeurycea rex 109 Rhacophorus nigropalmatus 78 Pseudoeurycea robertsi 109 Rhacophorus otilophus 78 Pseudoeurycea scandans 109 Rhacophorus pardalis 78 Pseudoeurycea smithi 109 Rhadinaea 98 Pseudoeurycea sulcata 109 Rhadinaea altamontana 99 Pseudoeurycea unguidentis 109 Rhadinaea godmani 99 20 Rhadinaea kinkelini 60 Sceloporus orcutti 3, 9, 20 Rhadinaea zilchi 99 Sceloporus robustus 25 Rhampholeon marshalli 105 Sceloporus variabilis 98 Rhampholeon platyceps 105 Scincella cherriei 98 Rhampholeon spectrum 105 Scolecophis atrocinctus 95 Rhinocheilus lecontei 3 Seymouria baylorensis 86 Rhinocheilus lecontei clarus 48, 49 Siagonodon humilis 3 Rhinocheilus lecontei lecontei 48, 49 Sibon anthracops 60 Rhinophrynus dorsalis 73 Sibon carri 60 Rhodona 66 Siredon 42 Rhyacosiredon altamirani 34 Siren 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 109 Rhyacosiredon olympicus 34 Smilisca baudinii 23, 73, 78, 98 Rhyacotriton 109 Smilisca gabbi 81 Rhyocotriton 39, 41, 42 Smilisca phaeota 73 Smilisca puma 73 Salamandra 35-39, 41-42, 109 Smilisca sila 73 Salamandra atra 33 Smilisca sordida 73, 81 Salamandra attenuata 33 Sonora 12 Salamandra maculosa 34, 79 Spelerpes 109 Salamandrella 35, 36, 39, 41, 42 Spelerpes vermicularis 5 Salamandrina 34, 109 Sphaerodactylus dunni 60 Salvadora grahamiae grahamiae 4 Stegops 85 Salvadora grahamiae hexalapis 3 Stereochilus 35 Salvadora grahamiae hexalepis 4 Stereochilus marginatus 34, 109 Salvadora grahamiae virgultea 4 Steriochilus 41 Salvadora hexalepis hexalepis 48, 49 Stylemys 21 Salvadora hexalepis mojavensis 48, 49 Synchalinus corallioides 98 Saniwa brooksi 9 Synophis 98 Sauromalus obesus 3, 8, 9, 20, 50 Syrrhophis interorbitalis 16 Scapherpeton 109 Syrrhophis modestus pallidus 16, 92 Scaphiopus couchi 10, 89 Syrrhophus juninensis 53 Scaphiopus hammondii 3, 10, 12, 89 Scaphiopus hammondii hammondii_ 17 Tantilla 12 Sceloporus 44 Tantilla alticola 97 Sceloporus bulleri 47 Tantilla annulata 95, 97, 102 Sceloporus clarki 9 Tantilla armillata 102 Sceloporus consobrinus 103, 104 Tantilla atriceps 57 Sceloporus elongatus 103, 104 Tantilla bogerti 57 Sceloporus graciosus 9, 12 Tantilla brevicauda 93 Sceloporus graciosus gracilis 3 Tantilla briggsi 97 Sceloporus graciosus graciosus 103 Tantilla canula 97 Sceloporus graciosus vandenburghianus 3 Tantilla cuniculator 97 Sceloporus grammicus 47 Tantilla deppei 97 Sceloporus magister 3, 9, 12, 20, 50 Tantilla eiseni 3, 57 Sceloporus magister magister 103, 104 Tantilla eiseni transmontana 49 Sceloporus occidentalis 9, 18, 20, 49, 50 Tantilla flavilineata 93, 97 Sceloporus occidentalis biseriatus 3, 88, Tantilla hobartsmithi 57 103, 104 Tantilla jani 93, 94, 97 Tantilla melanocephala 95, 97 Tantilla moesta cuniculator 97 Tantilla nelsoni 16 Tantilla nigriceps 103 Tantilla phrenitica 93, 97 Tantilla planiceps atriceps 57 Tantilla planiceps eiseni 57 Tantilla planiceps planiceps 57 Tantilla planiceps utahensis 57 Tantilla planiceps yaquia 57 Tantilla reticulata 93, 97 Tantilla schistosa costaricensis 102 Tantilla schistosa phrenitica 93, 97, 102 Tantilla schistosa schistosa 93, 102 Tantilla semicinta 95 Tantilla semicinctum 95 Tantilla shawi 95 Tantilla striata 93, 97 Tantilla supracincta 95 Tantilla taeniata 93, 94, 102 Tantilla utahensis 57 Tantilla vermiformis 102 Tantilla yaquia bogerti 57 Tantilla yaquia yaquia 57 Taricha 44 Taricha granulosa 109 Taricha torosa 39, 79 Taricha torosus 41, 42 Teius teyou 65 Telmatobius aemaricus 53 Telmatobius grandisonae 55 Telmatobius hauthali 53 Telmatobius jelskii 53 Telmatobius montanus 53 Telmatobius nitoi 55 Telmatobius patagonicus 55 Telmatobius praebasalticus 53, 55 Telmatobius reverberii 53, 55 Telmatobius solitarius 55 Telmatobius somuncurensus 55 Tersomicus 85 Testudo 9 Testudo milleri 21 Testudo mohavense 21 Tetradactylus 66 Teuchocercus 65 Thamnodynastes 98 Thamnophis 44 2 Thamnophis couchii atratus 2 Thamnophis couchii hammondii 2 Thamnophis cyrtopsis 60 Thamnophis cyrtopsis collaris 91 Thamnophis cyrtopsis cyrtopsis 91 Thamnophis cyrtopsis fulvus 91 Thamnophis elegans 18 Thamnophis elegans terrestris 2 Thamnophis eques 91 Thamnophis fulvus 91 Thamnophis halophilus 91 Thamnophis hammondii 88 Thamnophis marcianus bovalli 91 Thamnophis marcianus cerebrosus 91 Thamnophis marcianus preocularis 91 Thamnophis ordinoides 103 Thamnophis ordinoides elegans 3 Thamnophis ordinoides hammondii 3 Thamnophis rozellae 91 Thamnophis sirtalis 18 Thamnophis sirtalis infernalis 2, 3, 88 Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis 31 Thamnophis sumichrasti cerebrosus 91 Thamnophis sunichrasti fulvus 91 Thamnophis sumichrasti salvini 91 Thorius 34, 36 Thorius dubitus 109 Thorius macdougalli 109 Thorius maxillabrochus 109 Thorius minutissimus 109 Thorius narisovalis 109 Thorius pennatulus 109 Thorius pulmonaris 109 Thorius schmidti 109 Thorius troglodytes 109 Thoropa lutzi 53 Thoropa miliaris 53 Thoropa petropolitanus 53 Tomodactylus saxatilis 92 Trematops willistoni 85 Trematopsis seltini 85 Tretanorhinus 98 Tretioscincus 65, 66, 67 Trimetopon 98 Trimorphodon lambda 49 Trimorphodon lyrophanes 64 Trimorphodon vandenburghi 3, 48, 49 Triton 34, 37 Ze Triton cristatus 79 Xantusia vigilis 3, 50, 103, 104 Triton punctatus 79 Xenodon rhabdocephalus 98 Triturus 109 Xenopholis 98 Triturus alpestris 34 Xenopus laevis 56 Triturus cristatus 34, 42 Triturus granulosus granulosus 34 Triturus granulosus mazamae 34 Triturus klauberi 34 Triturus marmoratus marmoratus 34 iii LIBRARIES Triturus torosa 79 TTT Trturus torosus 3, 34,35, 36, 97,38 IMCONLUMLOI AL Triturus viridescens 37 3 9088 01478 9739 Triturus viridescens viridescens 34 Triturus vulgaris 34 Tropidodipsas freiae 16 Tropidodipsas malacodryas 16 Tropidodipsas occidentalis 16 Tropidodipsas philippi 16 Tropidodipsas sartorii 96 Tropidonotus collaris 91 Tropidonotus ordinatus eques 91 Tropidonotus ordinatus sumichrasti 91 Tupinambis rufescens 65 Tupinambis teguixin 65 Tylops 42 Tylotriton andersoni 34 Typhlomolge 39, 41, 42 Typhlomolge rathbuni 34, 109 Typhlomolge tridentifera 109 Typhlops braminus 16 Typhlotriton 41 Typhlotriton spelaeus 24, 34, 109 Uma inornata 3 Uma notata 3 Uma scoporia 50 Urosaurus graciosus 50 Urosaurus microscutatus 20 Uta ornata symmetrica 103 Uta stansburiana 12, 18, 20, 49, 50, 58 Uta stansburiana hesperis 3, 88 Uta stansburiana stejnegeri 3, 104 Varanus varius 11 Xantusia arizonae 103, 104 Xantusia henshawi 20 Xantusia riversiana 3, 51