lence Se “of GS ne er N ry rt 8 wate yam? es ne ce ume res adem IV, Pa AL PAPERS, No. Ve STERKI ROC te Vol SPECI an an PRO@EE DENG OF WHE Ohio State Academy of Science Volume IV, Part 8 SPECIAL PAPERS, No. 12 A Preliminary Catalogue ORME: Land and Fresh-water Mollusca of Ohio BY Vo ol ERK PUBLICATION COMMITTEE: JOHN H. SCHAFFNER Ee ESRICE J. C. HAMBLETON Date of publication, April 10, 1907 PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY COLUMBUS, OHIO NOTE. _ The expense of publication of this eAtaloene is covered by — a grant from the Emerson McMillin Research Fund, and a small grant was also made previously to assist the author in meeting — necessary expenses incurred on a number of collecting trips. Witiram R. LAZENBY, Cy | ERIC Ke a G. B. Hatsrep, Trustees. ei Pan 3 Sie sects. J - / INTRODUCTION The following catalogue of Ohio Mollusca, an abstract of my hand list, is published at the request of conchologists, and of members of the Ohio Academy. As indicated by the title, it is a preliminary one, imperfect, and not complete either as to the species and forms occurring in the state or as to their distri- bution. It is based partly on earlier lists, especially those of the wicinmity Of Cincinnati, by Shafter, Byrnes, O. G. B.’* Harper and Wetherby, and partly on recent collecting in several counties by other conchologists, and my own collecting of over twenty years, in various parts of the State. The only vicinities worked up fairly well, and of which approximately complete lists have been published, are those of Cincinnati, a classical collecting ground for nearly a century, and New Philadelphia, Tuscarawas County. Much careful collecting has been done also in the vicinity of Columbus, since the forties of the last century, by Moores, Higgins, Surface and others, but only a very incomplete catalogue of the land mollusca has been published. The late Geo. W. Dean and his friend, Geo. J. Streator (now 1n California), have collected principally in Portage County, A. Pettingell in Summit Co., John A. Allen in the vicinity of Cleveland and on the lake islands, and E. L. Mosely at Sandusky. It is expected that more students of nature, in all parts of the state, will direct their attention to, and collect our land and fresh-water mollusca, recent as well as fossil, wherever such can be found. Very much work is yet to be done, and these animals are of great interest, especially with respect to zoogeography. Then the time will come when it is possible to work up a more complete and elaborate “‘fauna”’ of the state, with more data on the distribution over the main drainages, and the various kinds of soil and surface formation, with tables, charts, etc. Also closer comparison with the faunas of neighboring states will then bein place. Earlier work and earlier lists will be reviewed, and literature cited. During recent years, mollusk lists have been published of the States of New York, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois and Wiscon- sin, and local lists of Pennsylvania. None of them pretends to be complete; yet, with Ohio added, they facilitate a fair con- ception of the fauna of this part of the continent. Ohio, being in the Interior Region of the Eastern Sub- province (W. G. Binney) of the Nearctic Province, has that characteristic fauna, in a general way. Yet there are some 67 Oo 368 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. features of special interest. The northern part of the state is in the drainage of the upper St. Lawrence River, which has fresh- water forms of the Atlantic Sub-province mixed with some of the Mississippi drainage. Also there are a number of boreal and circumboreal species. The Northeast, the. so-called Appa- lachian Corner, seems to be inhabited by some specifically Appalachian snails also, e. g. Gastrodonta lasmodon and collisella, Hyalina lamellidens and an unidentified Hyalima; and more may be found. The southern part of the state has some southern forms, outside of the Strepomatide and Unionide of the Ohio River, such as Gastrodonta gularis, Omphalina levigata and jriabilis, Polygyra appressa, obstricta and stenotrema, and prob- ably others. Western species extending as far eastward as Ohio, are Zonitoides leviusculus, Vallonia parvula, Bifidaria holzingert. The distribution of all of these species, and even- tually others, should be ascertained more exactly. But it must be understood that our mollusca are rapidly and considerably decreasing in numbers, by deforestation and cultivation of the land, draining of lakes, ponds and swamps, and consequent disappearance of springs, brooks and smaller creeks, or their being dry during a large part of the year, result- ing in the disappearance of mollusca. In the rivers and larger creeks, the water comes to its lowest stages, with sudden floods rapidly receding. Shade, as a protection from insolation, is taken off by cutting down the trees on the banks of water courses. The canals, which were great routes for mollusca, are more and more neglected, and partly abandoned. To this comes the contamination of waters by city sewage and factory refuse, and already a number of rivers are barren of lie or rapidly approaching that stage. These factors certainly affect all groups of fresh water animals, not only the mollusca. And of late years, the Unionidz are destroyed in wholesale slaughter, by the shell and pearl hunters. Thus, not only the number of individuals is rapidly reduced, but many species are threatened with extinction over large tracts of the territory. Therefore it is~ imperative that we take a careful inventory of our fauna as rapidly as possible. To the main catalogue of recent mollusca are added a few supplements: a list of species not or little known up to recent years, mistaken for or mixed up with others; a list of species not yet known to occur in the state, but probably to be found; lists of fossils collected. With respect to the general catalogue, a few remarks may be in place. Of common, and widely distributed species, of which Ohio is within the area of general distribution, it was thought MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 369 unnecessary to cite numerous localities, except of such as are comparatively little known. ‘Over the state’’ seemed sufficient, even if such a species has actually been seen from few places. I am well aware of the fact that some widely distributed, and even generally common species, may be absent over stretches of many miles, or in whole river systems,—if not simply overlooked. To ascertain and register such gaps of distribution*, and also their causes, may be possible when the whole territory is worked up better than it is at the present time. On the other hand, it seemed to be in place to add some notes on such species and forms which are of special interest with respect to either their systematic position, variation or distribution, things which constitute the characteristic features of a local or state fauna. The list was intended to contain the species and varieties known to occur in Ohio, and recognized as such, seen by myself or cited on good authority. There are, however, a few excep- tions, much to my regret. I am not familiar with many of the Pleurocera and Gomobasis, and also with some Anodonta of the St. Lawrence drainage. More material from all over the state, and special study, will be necessary in order to ascertain which of them represent valid species, varieties or local forms, and their distribution. As varieties, I regard only such forms which, although connected with the typical, somewhere, by intermediate spec- imens (otherwise they would represent distinct species), main- tain their characteristic features over a larger or smaller territory ; in short, propagate as such. Individual variations, such as albinos}, reversed (usually sinistrorse) specimens, and _ shells with imperfectly or abnormally formed apertures, as occasionally found with the normal forms, cannot be regarded as varieties, in the accepted sense of the term. In regard to classification and nomenclature, I have fol- lowed, for the most part, our leading conchologists, in some instances contrary to my own views. A faunal list is not the place for controversies on these topics. Where yet dissenting, I believe to have good reasons, e. g., in adhering to Hyalina instead of Vuitrea, Patula instead of Pyramidula. Pisidium versus Corneocyclas has been vindicated by higher authority than myself. For recognizing Proptera as a genus, I have given * As an example of this kind, the fact may be cited that none of the four species of Proptera has been found in the Tuscarawas River (with its thirty-six species of Unionidz, and possibly more), while at least two or three of them are widely distributed over the state. + Such are found especially of many species of Polygyra and Patula: but I know of no instance where any of them are constant and conse- quently constitute varieties. 370 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. sufficient reasons, and more might be cited. The reasons for my arrangement of the Unionideé are stated elsewhere. As to the terms NEPHROPNEUSTA and BRANCHIOPNEUSTA: Von Thering has found that the pulmonal cavity of the former has developed in connection with the nephridium, and they are related with the Nudibranchiata, that of the latter from the branchial cavity of the Tectibranchiata. Consequently, Stylommatophora and Basommatophora cannot be ranged, collectively, under one group, Pulmonata, as in contrast to the Prosobranchiata. Synonyms are added where it seemed necessary or advisable with respect to earlier lists and books to be consulted. Species introduced from other continents, are not an integral part of the Nearctic fauna, however interesting they may. be, in several respects, and in order to mark this, their names are printed in different type (capitals). Certainly they swell the number of species recorded, but the number in itself is not of principal importance. It has been said that species and forms not identified, or of which descriptions have not yet been pub- lished, should not be included in faunal lists. In my opinion, they must be there, being parts of that fauna, and their syste- matic position and characteristic features should be pointed out. A few words may be in place with respect to the mollusca of Lake Erie Almost all Unionide (I have seen about thirty species, and there are probably more), are represented by forms more or less different from those of the rivers, generally being smaller, of different shapes, and often colors. Some of them have been described as species, @. g., Unio rosaceus. De Kay, letber Lea, hippopeus Lea; in fact they are varieties, lake forms, of Lamp- stlis luteola, Obovaria circulus, Quadrula plicata, respectively. Corresponding forms of other species might, or should, be named and described. Of Spherude and Gastropoda, a few lake forms are also known, and more will be found. All mollusca of the lake should be systematically collected, and compared with the inland forms as well as with those of the other great lakes. It has been suggested that keys for identification be added. I am sorry to say that this could not be done. Simpson states that it 1s impossible for the Unionide. After repeated attempts to work up keys for the Spheriide, I had to give it up, mainly on account of the almost endless variation of a large part of our species. For most of the Prosobranchiata, it would be equally impossible. For identifying the “land mollusca”’ of Ohio, keys have been published by the Academy*. A few species were added since, but they do not materially affect the keys. * In the fifth annual report, 1896, (by the writer); I have a number of copies, with additions, on hand, for distribution. MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. aA For identification and registration, specimens may be sent to me, and I am also willing to give directions for collecting and preparing such. To several conchologists, I am under obligation for much valuable information, especially to Mr. Bryant Walker, of Detroit, Michigan. As it is customary to give the numbers of species listed, the same is done here. The numbers are only approximately cor- rect, e. g., the species of Pleurocera and Goniobasis may be reduced, those of the Spheriidz will be added to. | | NEARCTIC INTRODUCED TOTALS INeGplinepmieustans .. 2. 92 5 Pie Branchiopneusta...... 47 | 47 Prosobranchiata...... 44 1 | 45 Gasitopodar.. a: - oe) SS (Whasioruiclesiy= he Ores 83 | 12 83 Olas mille nye: oath. 3 is’ Relecypodam a)... | —=|22; | | 122 Matalcr nes an 303¢ | ( eet MARKS AND ABBREVIATIONS: A + (dagger) in front of a name, means: recent addition over earlier lists (except mine, of Tuscarawas Co., 1894 and 1900). An X after a name: should be looked for especially. An. ! after a locality: I have seen and verified, or identified specimens. t= teste. A personal name in parenthesis after a locality, is that of the collector, or sponsor. bal waiter a mame: the speciesas also distributed over the Palearctic province. New Philadelphia, O., January, 1907. Catalogue of Recent Mollusca. GASTROPODA. NEPHROPNEUSTA. ZONITIDA. Gastrodonta gularis (Say, Helix). Cited by several conchologists; I have seen no specimens from Ohio. {+Gastrodonta collisella Pilsbry. x New Philadelphia (St., one specimen of the same form as from eastern Tennessee. Gastrodonta suppressa (Say, Helix). Cincinnati; Portage and Tuscarawas Counties (St.) ; probably over most of the state. *+Gastrodonta lasmodon (Phillips, Helix). x Rootstown, Portage Co. (St.). Gastrodonta demissa (Binney, Helix.) x “Ohio” (Wetherby). Gastrodonta ligera (Say, Helix). Over the state, common. Gastrodonta intertexta (Binney, Helix). Over the state, not as common as the preceding. Gastrodonta interna (Say, Helix). Columbus, Cincinnatt. Zonitoides nitidus (Muller, Helix). Pal. Over the state, at wet and damp localities. Zonitoides arboreus (Say, Helix). Over the state, common everywhere; colorless, or greenish, specimens are occasionally found. Zonitoides limatulus (Ward, Hel1x). Columbus; Cincinnati; (not e. g. in Tuscarawas Co.). Zonitoides minusculus (Binney, Helix). Over the state, common. A reversed (sinistrorse) specimen was found near New Philadelphia (St.). +Zonitoides lzviusculus (Sterki, Hyalina). x Troy! (Shepherd) ; Tuscarawas Co. (St.). Zonitoides exiguus (Stimpson, Helix). Over the state. Zonitoides milium (Morse, Helix). Over the state. RR) 374 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Omphalina friabilis (W. G. Binney, Helix). Cincinnati. Omphalina levigata (Pfeifier, Helix). x Cincinnati. Omphalina fuliginosa (Griffith, Helix). Over the state. Omphalina inornata (Say, Helix). Cincinnati; Columbus; Portage Co.! (Streator); Cuyahoga Co.! (Allen); Akron (Walker) ; probably over most parts the of state, but e. g. not found in Tuscarawas Co. Omphalina subplana (Binney, Helix), cited from Cincinnati (O. G. B.), has not been found by other conchologists. {HYALINA [VITREA] DRAPARNALDI (Beck, Helix). Nursery east of Painesville (St.). Introduced from Europe. *HYALINA CELLARIA (Miller, Helix). Greenhouse at Kent, Portage Co.! (Dean). Introduced from Europe. +HYALINA ALLIARIA (Muller, Helix). Greenhouse at Painesville (St.). Introduced from Europe. {Hyalina wheatleyi (Bland, Zonites). Portage Co.! (Streator) ; Cuyahoga Co.! (Allen); Tuscarawas Co. (St.); probably over the state. Hyalina radiatula (Alder, Helix), hammonis Strom? electrina Gould. Pal. Over the state, common; colorless specimens are found occasionally. Hyalina binneyana Morse. Cincinnati; Midvale, Tuscarawas Co. (St.). tHyalina—sp. Midvale, Tuscarawas Co. (St.). [Umbilicate, spire flat, almost concave, radial strie very fine, regular and crowded; the same has been seen from the southern Appalachians]. Hyalina indentata (Say, Helix). Over the state. {Hyalina ferrea (Morse, Striatura). Portage Co.! (Streator); Summit Co.! (Petingell); Tus- carawas Co. (St.). Hyalina multidentata (Binney, Helix). Cincinnati; Portage Co.! (Streator); Summit Co.! (Pet- tingell); Tuscarawas Co. (St.); probably all over the state. {Hyalina lamellidens Pilsbry. x Garrettsville, Portage Co., t. Pilsbry. Euconulus fulvus (Miller, Helix). Pale Over the state, common. MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. GO Or yEuconulus chersinus (Say, Helix). Over the state, common; in some sections more common than fulvus, e. g. in Tuscarawas Co. In earlier descrip- tive works, and lists, these two species were understood as one, under one name or the other. yEuconulus sterkii (Dall., Hyalina). x Summit Co.! (Pettingell); Tuscarawas Co., where the types were collected (St.). Probably over the state, but overlooked for its small size, like some other minute mollusca. LIMACIDA. *LIMAX MAXIMUS Linné. Cincinnati (Lindahl); Wooster, Agricultural Station! (Web- ster); Nursery east of Painesville (St.). Introduced from Europe. LIMAX FLAVUS Linné, introduced from Europe; probably in greenhouses and nurseries; I have seen no specimens. AGRIOLIMAX AGRESTIS (Linné, Limax). Cincinnati; I have found it at Cleveland, Garrettsville, Ravenna, Navarre, Tiffin, Defiance. Introduced from Europe.* Agriolimax campestris (Binney, Limax). Over the state, common everywhere. A bluish gray form, or eventually a variety (plumbeus) was found at Scio, Harrison Co. (St.), adult and young specimens, side by side with the typical, brownish form, in striking con- trast. [Mr. Geo. H. Clapp has found the same at Pittsburg, Pa.] CIRCINARIIDA. Circinaria concava (Say, Helix), Selenites, Macrocylis concava. Over the state, common. Appears to be absent from Put- in Bay, t. Allen. HELICIDA—POLYGYRIN/A. Polygyra profunda (Say, Helix), Mesodon projunda. Over the state. Albino specimens (without reddish bands) are occasionally found. Polygyra sayana Pilsbry, Helix diodonta Say, sayi Binney. Cincinnati (Shaffer). Polygyra multilineata (Say, Helix). Over the state, especially in river bottoms, swamps, etc. Decidedly variable, with respect to size, shape and color. Specimens without red bands (form alba), and reddish all over (form rubra) are occasionally found. *Some conchologists, however, believe it to be native of North America, being so widely distributed. 376 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Polygyra albolabris (Say, Helix). Over the state, common and variable. On the lake islands (Put-in Bay, Kelley’s) Allen found a reddish form, constant, in the marshy lowlands; minor Sterki, form or var., at New Philadelphia (St.). Polygyra zaleta (Binney, Helix), exoleta. Columbus; Cincinnati; Medina and Defiance Counties (St.); Put-in Bay and Kelley’s Islands, uplands (Allen); probably over most of the state, yet wanting over wide stretches, e. g. not found in Tuscarawas Co. Polygyra thyroides (Say, Helix). Over the state, common in most parts. Polygyra clausa (Say, Helix). Cincinnati; Columbus; Lorain Co cited as Garey iy Dr: Hubbard, in litt., 1858. Polygyra mitchelliana (Lea, Helix). Cincinnati; Columbus;~ Portage Co. (Dean, Streator): Harrison and Tuscarawas Counties (St.); Defiance (St.) Polygyra pennsylvanica (Green, Helix). Cincinnati; Columbus; Cuyahoga Co. (Allen); Tuscarawas Co. (St.); probably over the state. Polygyra elevata (Say, Plelix). Cincinnati; Columbus; Defiance (St.); probably over at least the southern and western parts of the state. Polygyra dentifera (Say, Helix). x Cincinnati (Byrnes) ; “Ohio,” t. W. G. Binney. Polygyra appressa (Say, Helix). Cincinnati. Polygyra obstricta (Say, Helix). x Cited from the state (W. G. Binney); I have seen no ea Ware Polygyra palliata (Say, Helix). Over the state; albinos are found occasionally. Polygyra inflecta (Say, Helix). Over the state. Polygyra fraudulenta Pilsbry, Helix, Triodopsis fallax auctt. Over the state, common. Polygyra tridentata (Say, Helix). Over the state, common and variable. Specimens ,from various places have the peristome without teeth, or with mere traces of such, but do not constitute a variety. Polygyra tridentata discoidea Pilsbry. Cincinnati. Polygra stenotrema (Say, Helix.). Cincinnati. MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 377 Polygyra hirsuta (Say, Helix.). Over the state, common. Albinos are not infrequent. Polygyra fraterna (Say, Helix). - Over the state, common, albinos are occasionally found. This is what has been taken for monodon Rackett, plus var. fraterna in earlier descriptions and lists. Polye yra monodon (Rackett, Helix), leat Ward. Cincinnati; Columbus; lake islands! (Allen); Defiance (St.) Not found e. g. in Tuscarawas Co. This is the Helix leat, or monodon var. leat of descriptive works and lists. At least in Ohio, the two species appear to be distinct, and have always been so regarded by the Cincinnati and Columbus conchologists; at Defiance, I have found the two side by side, without any intermediate spec- imens. PHILOMYCIDA. Philomycus caroliniensis (Bosc, Limax), Tebennophorus caro- lintiensis G. W. Binney. Over the state, common, but becoming rare in many sec- tions. Variable, and its color variations are said to indicate varieties and even distinct species, by some conchologists. These slugs should be carefully collected and studied. y+Philomycus sp.—pennsylvanicus Pilsbry? x Near Chippewa Lake (St.). Decidedly distinct from the two other species. About 30 mill. long, slender, light col- ored, the sole tinged with blood-red; the jaw has a number of somewhat rib-like, irregular ridges. The animal is as active as a Limax. 7*Philomycus dorsalis Binney, Pallijera dorsalis Morse. X Tuscarawas and Defiance Counties (St.); probably over the state, but overlooked. (It is in none of the Cincinnati catalogues. ) ENDODONTID#. Patula [Pyramidula] solitaria (Say, Helix). Over the state, less common than the following. Patula alternata (Say, Helix). Over the state, common, at some places abundant. Albinos are found occasionally, also reversed (sinistrorse) specimens, e. g: at New Philadelphia (St.). Patula perspectiva (Say, Helix.) Over the state, common, preferably in the forests, on and in decaying wood. Albinos are found occasionally. Patula striatella (Anthony, Helix). Over the state, common, preferably in the open. 378 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Helicodiscus parallelus (Say, Planorbis), H. lineata Say. Over the state, common. Punctum pygmezeum (Draparnaud, Helix), minutissima Lea. Pal. Over the state, common. Sphyradium edentulum (Daparnaud, Pupa), Pupa simplex Gould. Pale Cincinnati; Husdon, Summit Co.! (Pettingell); Tuscarawas Co. (St.); probably over the state. Listed as Pupa, Vertigo and Isthmia edentula, but does not range under the Pupide (as swown by the writer). VALLONIIDA. Vallonia pulchella (Muller, Helix). Pak Over the state, common, somewhat variable. {+Vallonia excentrica Sterk1. Pal. Lake, Tuscarawas, Guernsey, Hamilton and Defiance Coun- ties (St.); East Cleveland!, in lawns, by tens of thous- ands (Allen.); probably over the state. This seems to be one of the few species which have rather increased in numbers, in consequence of deforestation and cultiva- tion of the land. Vallonia costata (Muller, Helix). aie Over the state. It has-been listed as pulchella var. costata, but is quite distinct; the ribs are not the only distin- geuishing feature, but also the shape of the whorls and of the aperture. 7Vallonia parvula Sterki. x Sandusky (St.); Put-in Bay! (Allen), Walker. FAM, -——.* Strobilops labyrinthica (Say Helix), Strobila labyrinthica. Over the state, preferably at damp places. {Strobilops affinis Pilsbry. x Summit Co.; probably over the state. tStrobilops virgo (Pilsbry, Strobila labyrinthica virgo). X New Philadelphia (St.); seems to prefer elevated and dry places. PUPID. Pupoides marginata (Say, Odostomia, Pupa), Pupa fallax of authors. Over the state. Bifidaria procera (Gould, Pupa). Cincinnati; Columbus; Hamilton (St.); probably over most of the state, but e. g. not found in Tuscarawas Co. Listed as ‘‘“Pupa rupicola”’ Say, for which (southern species) it has been mistaken. *Some years ago, I ranged Strobilops under the Pupide, but believe that it was a mistake. MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 379 Bifidaria armifera (Say, Pupa). Over the state, common; oftener found at dry places than any other species. Bifidaria contracta (Say, Pupa). Over the state, common. {Bifidaria holzingeri (Sterki, Pupa). Cincinnati! (Billups); Troy! (Shepherd); Put-in Bay! (Walker); Kelley’s Island! (Allen). Bifidaria pentodon (Say, Vertigo), Pupa curvidens Gould, Pupa cincinnatiensis Judge. Over the state, common and variable. This species has been mistaken for and mixed up with B. tappaniana (“ pent- odon”’), later known as curvidens Gould, recently changed to pentodon, by Vanatta and Pilsbry. Bifidaria pentodon gracilis Sterk1. New Philadelphia (St.). This form is widely distributed outside of Ohio, e. g.1n Alabama, and has been regarded as a species by some conchologists. Bifidaria tappaniana (Adams, Pupa). Over the state, common. The form curta Sterki at wet places. This has been known as Pupa and Bifidaria pentodon Say; the name was recently changed to the above, by Vanatta and Pilsbry. Bifidaria corticaria (Say, Odostomia, Pupa). Over the state. Pupa (Pupilla) muscorum Muller (nec Linné). x Cited from Ohio (and no doubt to be found, being known from New York, Michigan and Illinois). Vertigo milium (Gould, Pupa). Over the state. Vertigo morsei Sterki. Castalia, Erie Co. (St.), and probably over the north-western part of the state, being known from north-east Indiana, and Michigan. Vertigo ovata Say. Over the state, common and rather variable. Vertigo ventricosa (Morse, Isthmia). Over the state. {Vertigo ventricosa elatior Sterki. Summit Co.! (Pettingell); Stark and Tuscarawas Counties (St.). Probably over the state. (Has rather the sig- nificance of a species.) (7) Vertigo pygmza (Draparnaud, Pupa), callosa Sterki. < Pal. Columbus! (Hy. Moores a. os.). The most western station known. Rather different from European and North American pygm@a seen, and probably a variety, (but 380 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. the name, callosa, being preoccupied, would have to be changed). Vertigo decora (Gould, Pupa). Columbus, cited by Surface. The place seems to be outside of the range of its distri- bution, and probably pygm@a was mistaken for it, which I received, as ‘‘modesta,”’ fromthelate Hy. Moores. {Vertigo tridentata Wolf. Summit Co.! (Pettingell); Cincinnati! (Billups); Troy! (Shepherd); Tuscarawas Co., Columbus, Hamilton (St.). Probably all over the state. {Vertigo parvula Sterki. x Summit Co.! (Pettingell). Vertigo gouldii (Binney, Pupa). Summit Co.! (Pettingell); Portage and Tuscarawas Co.s (St.). Probably over the state. COCHLICOPIDA Cionella lubrica (Miller, Helix), Cochlicopa lubrica, Ferussacia subcylindrica auctt, not Linné. Over the state. SUCCINEIDA. Succinea ovalis Say, obliqua Say. Cincinnati; Medina and Tuscarawas Counties. (rare, St.). Succinea retusa Lea, ovalis Gould. Over the state, common and variable. Succinea retusa higginsi Bland. Sandusky; Put-in Bay; South Bass Id. (Walker). Seems to be a form of retusa. Succinea aurea Lea. : Cincinnati. The Cincinnati conchologists have regarded it as a distinct species; others regard it as a form, or variety of retusa. Not being familiar with it, I am unable to judge on its merits. Succinea avara Say. Over the state, common everywhere. Succinea avara vermeta Say. Tuscarawas Co. (St.). It seems that this form is not simply an incidental form of avara, being absent at many places where that sp. is common, but more or less prevalent, or common at some stations, and consequently a variety. MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 381 BRANCHIOPNEUSTA. AURICULIDA. Carychium exiguum (Say, Pupa). Over the state, common and variable. 7Carychium exile H. C. Lea. Over the state; seems to be more on elevated and dry places than exiguum, although the two are found associated. PHYSIDA. Physa ancillaria Say. x Summit Co. 7;Physa ancillaria magnalacustris Walker. Lake Erie (St.,), t. Walker. Physa sayi Tappan. Meyers Lake Canton (St) Pippi dake. Portage Co,” from where the species was originally described. Physa heterostropha Say. Cincinnati; Cleveland (Allen); Tuscarawas Co.(St.); prob- ably over the state. Physa gyrina Say. Over the state, common and very variable. Physa gyrina elliptica Lea. Tuscarawas and Medina Counties (St.). Physa gyrina hildrethiana Lea. La Grange, Lorain Co. (Walker). Physa integra Say. Over the state, preferably in rivers and creeks. Physa anatina Lea. Tuscarawas river, and Nimishillen Creek, at Canton (St., t. Walker). May be a variety of integra. {+Physa aplectoides Sterki. Portage Co.! (Streator); Tuscarawas Co. (St.). Very small and slender; distinct, t. Walker. Aplexa hypnorum (Linneé, Bulla). Over the state; at some places out of water, on damp ground, e. g. Tuscarawas Co. (St.). LYMNA IDA. Lymneza stagnalis Linné. Pal. Kent, Portage Co. (Dean). ;Lymnza megasoma Say. X Mahoning River at Alliance (St.) Lymnea palustris Muller, elodes Say. Pal. Over the state. 382 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Lymnea reflexa Say. Cincinnati; Lockland, Hamilton Co.; Sandusky; La Grange, Lorain Co. (Walker); Cleveland (Allen); Garrettsville. Lymnea reflexa kirtlandiana Lea, evxilis Lea? Cincinnati; Cuyahoga Co.! (Allen); pond near Congress Lake (Walker); Poland (Walker); Tuscarawas Co. (St.). Regarded as distinct by some conchologists. Lymnea columella Say. Over the state, common. Lymneza columella chalybea Gould. Kent, Portage Co. (Walker). Lymneza catascopium Say. Cincinnati; Lake Erie. Lymnea desidiosa Say, obrussa Say, t. Baker. Over the state, common and very variable. jLymneza desidiosa modicella Say. Summit, Stark and Tuscarawas Counties (St.); Hiram, Portage Co. (Streater, Walker); Circleville (Walker). Probably over the state. Lymneza humilis Say. Over the state, common and variable; often out of water, on damp ground. Probably this Lymnza was found, common, on flower pots, in a greenhouse at Painesville (St.). Lymneza humilis var - , t. Baker (unnamed). New Philadelphia (St.), with strongly malleate surface and open umbilicus. {Lymnea sterkii Baker Near Dover, Cuyahoga Co. (St.). ;Lymneza parva Lea. Summit, Tuscarawas, Franklin, Butler, Auglaize and Defiance Counties (St.). Probably all over the state, but overlooked until recently. Lymnea caperta Say. Cuyahoga Co.! (Allen); Elyria (Walker); common in Portage, Summit and Stark Counties, rare in Tusca- tawas Co. (St.). It is listed in none of the Cimcimuaia catalogues. Lymneza haldemani Deshayes, gracilis Jay. Sandusky Bay (Walker); cited from Congress Lake. Planorbis glabratus Say. Cincinnati (Harper and Wetherby). Planorbis trivolvis Say. Over the state, common and variable. A specimen of 26 mill. diam. was found in the Nimishillen Creek, at Canton (St.). MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 383 Planorbis trivolvis lentus Say. Cincinanti; Columbus (Walker). Planorbis campanulatus Say. Summit, Stark and Tuscarawas Counties (St.). Planorbis bicarinatus Say. Over the state, common. Planorbis dilatatus Gould. Over the state. +Planorbis dilatatus buchanensis Lea (t. Walker). New Philadelphia (St.). tPlanorbis opercularis multilineatus Vanatta, opercularis orego- nensis Vanatta. X Geauga Lake, east of Cleveland (Allen, t. Vanatta). Planorbis excacuous Say, exacutus. Over the state. tPlanorbis rubellus Sterki, exacutus var. rubellus. Portage Co.! (Streator); Summit, Stark and Tuscarawas Counties (St.). {Planorbis umbilicatellus Cockerell. Summit and Tuscarawas Counties (St.). Planorbis deflectus Say. Garretssville, Portage Co. (Streator, t. Walker) ; Tuscarawas Co. (St.). This needs careful revision, since specimens of several other species have been identified as deflectus. Planorbis albus Muller, zrsutus Gould. Pale Stark and Tuscarawas Counties (St.); probably over the state. Planorbis parvus Say. Over the state, common and variable. {Planorbis circumlineatus Tryon. Summit and Tuscarawas Counties (St.). Some conchologist regard it as a variety of parvus; so far as my material show, it appears to be distinct; at any rate not simply a synonym of parvus. Segmentina armigera (Say, Planorbis). Over the state, common, preferably in quiet water. Ss S) ANCYLIDA. Ancylus diaphanus Haldeman. Cincinnati; Tuscarawas Co. (St.). Ancylus fuscus Adams. Cincinnati; Tuscarawas Co. (St.). yAncylus Kirklandi Walker. Summit Co. (Walker); Tuscarawas Co., e. g. common in the Tuscarawas River (St.). Ancylus parallellus Haldeman. x Ohio Canal at Navarre, Stark Co. (St.). 384 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Ancylus tardus Say. Cincinnati; Tuscarawas Co. (St.). Probably over the state. Ancylus rivularis Say. Cincinnati; Cuyahoga River (Allen); Tuscarawas Co. (St.)._ yAncylus sterkii Walker, MS. Tuscarawas River, common; Maumee River (St.). [Shell rather small, slender, with the apex decidedly posterior, near the right margin, and markedly oblique. ] Ancylus shimeki Pilsbry. x Nuascacawas Con (St.): y*Ancylus pumilus Sterk:. Tuscarawas River (types), Miami Canal at Hamilton (St.). +Gundlachia —-—? meekiana Stimpson. Pools near New Philadelphia (St.). Thornburg, Cuyahoga Co., on Nuphar leaves in a slough on the Cuyahoga River (Allen), may be of another species. *Gundlachia ’ sp. Tuscarawas Rixer at New Philadelphia (St.). [The same has been seen from Indiana; very small, 2 mill. long, and of a shape quite different from other Gundalchia; may represent a distinct genus. ] PROSOBRANCHIATA. HELICINIDA. Helicina occulta (Say, Helix), has been cited, but I have seen no specimens. VIVIPARIDA. Campeloma ponderosum (Say, Paludina). Ohio River. Campeloma subsolidum (Anthony, Paludina.) ‘““Ohio, northern part;’’ Ohio Canal near Cleveland (Allen). Campeloma integrum (Say, Paludina). Over the state, common. Regarded as a variety of decisum, by some conchologists. Campeloma integrum obesum Lewis. Cincinnati; Miami Canal at Middletown, Ohio Canal at Columbus; Hudson, Summit Co. (Walker). Campeloma decisum (Say, Lymnea, Paludina). Lake Erie and tributaries; Mahoning River, Miami River, Miami Canal (Walker). Campeloma decisum fecundum Lewis. Ohio Canal at Columbus, Miami Canal at Cincinnati(Walker) Jt MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. D9: Campeloma rufum (Haldeman, Paludina). Canal at Columbus (Call); Summit and Tuscarawas Coun- ties (St.). Sandusky River (St.). Possibly not distinct from integrum. Lioplax subcarinatus (Say, Paludina). Ohio River; Lake Erie,—tributaries? STREPOMATID& (Pleuroceride). Pleurocera canaliculatum (Say, Melania). Ohio River; Tuscarawas River, rare (St.). Pleurocera elevatum (Say, Melania). Ep Oliion: Pleurocera undulatum (Say, Melania), = moniliferum Lea? Ohio River. Pleurocera neglectum, Anthony. Ohio River at Cincinnati; Great Miami River, Ohio Canal at Circleville (Walker). Pleurocera labiatum Lea (= var. of neglectum?). Cincinnati; Scioto River. Pleurocera conicum (Say, Melania). Cincinnati. Pleurocera subulare (Lea, Melania). Lake Erie, common. Other psecies listed from Ohio: Pleurocera ellapticum Anthony. Pleurocera pallidum Lea. Pleurocera simplex Say. Pleurocera troostiu Lea. Goniobasis livescens (Menke, Melania). Over the state, common and variable. Goniobasis livescens depygis Say. Over the state. Seems inseparably connected with livescens, although extreme forms of the two are very different; e. g. in the Tuscarawas River all possible intermediate forms are found together—abundant. Goniobasis semicarinata (Say, Melania). Cincinnati; Rocky River (Allen). Goniobasis vicina Anthony. “Ohio” (Walker.) Goniobasis pulchella Anthony. Cincinnati; Little Miami River (Walker). Goniobasis gracilior Anthony. Kent, Portage Co., Springfield Lake (Walker); Ohio Canal and Tuscarawas River at New Philadelphia (St., t. Simpson). Goniobasis elata Anthony. Elyria, Vermilion River (Walker). 386 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Goniobasis brevispira Anthony. Gambier, Knox Co. (Walker). Goniobasis exilis Haldeman. Scioto River (Walker). Goniobasis laqueata Say. ‘“Ohio’’ (Walker). Other species (?) listed from Ohio: Gontobasts gibbosa Lea. Gontobasis haldemant Tryon. Goniobasts infantula Lea. Gontobasts lithasioides Lea (=var. of livescens?). Gontobasis ohtoensis Lea. Lithasia obovata Say. x Ohio River, up to Marietta (Call.) Angitrema verrucosum Rafinesque. Ohio River at Cincinnati. Anculosa costata Lea (=carimata Bruguiere’). Ohio River. — Anculosa prerosa Say. Ohio River. Anculosa trilineata Say (=viridis Lea, syn. or var.?). Ohio River. RISSOID# (s. lat., AMNICOLID# etc.). BITHYNIA TENTACULATA (Linné, Turbo). Lake Erie! (Streator); Ohio Canal in Stark Co. (St.). Intro- duced from Europe, and now widely distributed over various states. The central part of the operculum is distinctly spiral, not concentric! Somatogyrus subglobosus (Say, Paludina), zsogonus Say.* Over the state. A form from the Ohio River, at Cincinnati (St.), is rather different and may represent a variety. Somatogyrus integer (Say, Melania). Over the state, common. Pomatiopsis lapidaria (Say, Cyclostoma). Over the state, common; often far away from water. Pomatiopsis cincinnatiensis (Anthony, Cyclostoma). Cincinnati; Columbus. Amnicola limosa (Say, Paludina). Over the state, common and variable. Amnicola limosa porata Say. Meyer’s Lake at Canton (St.). Amnicola limosa parva Lea. New Philadelphia. *Some conchologists, e. g. F. C. Baker, regard S. isogonus as distinct from subglobosus. ~I MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 35 y+Amnicola lustrica Pilsbry. Cuyahoga River; Springfield Lake; Ohio Canal at New Philadelphia (St.). Probably over the state. Amnicola cincinnatiensis (Lea, Cyclostoma). Over the state, common in rivers and creeks. tAmnicola walkeri Pilsbry. Geauga Lake, east of Cleveland! (Allen). yAmnicola pilsbryi Walker. Meyer’s Lake at Canton, Ohio Canal at New Philadelphia (Stile yAmnicola nickliniana Lea. Springfield Lake. tAmnicola emarginata Kuster, obtusa Lea. Lake Erie and tributaries; Ohio canal at Navarre and New Philadelphia (St.). yAmnicola sp., undescribed, t. Walker. Lake Erie and Ohio Canal in Stark Co. (St.). [The shell is small and very slender, very different from all other Ohio Amnicole. | tLyogyrus pupoides (Gould, Valvata). x Springfield Lake (St.). VALVATIDA. Valvata tricarinata Say. Over the state, common in all kinds of waters. Forms with one or two keels more or less obsolete are found with typical specimens. Valvata tricarinata simplex Gould. Lake Erie at Sandusky (Walker). Valvata bicarinata Lea. X I have seen no specimens of the typical form from Ohio. Valvata bicarinata depressa Walker. Lake Erie at Sandusky and Vermilion (St.). Valvata sincera Say. | Olio {;Valvata lewisi Currier, striata Lewis. Springfield Lake (St.). 388 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. PELECYPODA. UNIONIDA. Truncilla triquetra Rafinesque. Both drainages, Lake Erie. Truncilla sulcata (Lea, Unio), U. ridibundus Say = female. X Ohio River. Truncilla sulcata delicata Simpson. Lake Erie drainage—? Truncilla foliata (Hildreth, Unio). x Ohio River, Cincinnati. Truncilla personata (Say, Unio), U. pileus Lea. X Ohio River — and tributaries? Trincilla perplexa (Lea, Unio). Ohio River; Scioto River. Truncilla perplexa rangiana Lea. Ohio, Scioto, Tuscarawas, Mahoning Rivers. Truncilla perplexa cincinnatiensis Lea. Ohio River at Cincinnati. Micromya fabials (Lea, Unio), U. lapillus Say. Both drainages; in nearly all rivers. Lampsilis ventricosa (Barnes, Unio), U. subovatus Lea is the male form, occidens Lea, the female. Over the state, decidedly variable; common in Lake Erie, very small to medium sized, of somewhat peculiar shape and appearance, representing a variety. Lampsilis capax (Green, Unio). Ohio River. Lampsilis ovata (Say, Unio). Ohio River; Great Miami River (Walker). Lampsilis multiradiata (Lea, Unio). Both drainages, over the state. Lampsilis luteola (Lamarck, Unio). Over the state, common and variable; common in Lake Erie and decidedly variable, some forms being very small. Lampsilis luteola rosacea DeKay. Lake Erie. Lampsilis radiata (Gmelin, Mya). St. Lawrence drainage; Portage River! (Oberlin collection). Lampsilis ligamentina (Lamarck, Unio). Both drainages, generally common; abundant e. g. in the Tuscarawas River, large and much inflated. Not in - the Mahoning River, t. Dean ? MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 389 Lampsilis ligamentina gibbus Simpson. Ohio River. Lampsilis orbiculata (Hildreth, Unio). x Ohio River and probably some of its tributaries. Lampsilis higginst1 (Lea, Unio) is considered a variety of orbiculata, by some conchologists; I have not seen it from Ohio. Lampsilis anodontoides (Lea, Unio). Ohio River; Great Miami River (large). y;Lampsilis fallaciosa (Smith) Simpson. Ohio River at Cincinnati (St.), and probably at other places. Lampsilis recta (Lamarck, Unio). Both drainages; Lake Erie (small); not in the Mahoning River, t. Dean. Lampsilis nasuta (Say, Unio). ot. Lawrence drainage, Lake Erie; probably also in the Ohio drainage, at least along the divide. In Muzzy Pond, near Rootstown, Portage Co., specimens were found (St.), to 118 mill. long, the largest of any known, t. Simpson. Lampsilis subrostrata (Say, Unio). “Ohio;’’ I have seen no sepcimens (although it is doubtless at least in the north-western part of the state). Lampsilis iris (Lea, Unio). L. Novi Eboraci Lea = syn. or var.? Both drainages; Lake Erie (St.). Lampsilis ellipsiformis (Conrad, Unio), U. spatulatus Lea. Ohio River. Lampsilis glans (Lea, Unio). Both drainages; Ohio River; Maumee and Auglaize Rivers (St.); not in the Tuscarawas River. Lampsilis parva (Barnes, Unio). Over the state (both drainages, Lake Erie); rivers, creeks and canals. Plagiola securis (Lea, Unio); Obovaria lineolata Rafinesque?) Ohio River. Plagiola elegans (Lea, Unio). Both drainages; Ohio and Little Miami Rivers; Maumee and Tiffin Rivers (St.); Lake Erie (Prof. Moseley, St.); not in the Tuscarawas River. Plagiola donaciformis (Lea, Unio), U. zigzag Lea. Both drainages, Lake Erie. Obovaria circulus (Lea, Unio). Over the state. So far as evidence goes, U. lens Lea is the female form, circulus the male, the latter generally much the larger.* a * These male and female forms are much more different from each other in shape, than those of el/¢psts, and of retusa. 390 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Obovaria circulus leibei (Lea, U. lezber). Lake Erie. “Obovaria lens var. depygis, Conrad.” “‘Ohio,”’ in check list, is unknown to me. Obovaria ellipsis (Lea, Unio). Ohio River, common. Obovaria retusa (Lamarck, Unio). Ohio River. Cyprogenia irrorata (Lea, Unio). Ohio drainage: Ohio, Great Miami, Scioto," a PuSCanaNie Mahoning Rivers. a . Obliquaria reflexa Rafinesque, U. cornutus Stes sos Both drainages, but not everywhere; Ohio, Scioten and Mahoning Rivers, not in the Tuscarawas; Lake Erie(St.) Pytchobranchus phaseolus (Hildreth, Unio). Both drainages, Lake Erie. Tritogonia tuberculata (Barnes, Unio). Ohio drainage, generally. Quadrula plicata (Say, Unio). Ohio and Little Miami Rivers. Quadrula plicata hippopcea Lea. x Lake Erie. Quadrula undulata (Barnes, Unio). Both drainages, generally common. Quadrula heros (Say, Unio), U. mulliplicatus Lea. Ohio River, Little Miami River. Quadrula cylindrica (Say, Unio). Ohio River and most or all of its tributaries. Some speci- mens have none of the nodose projections, e. g. from the Tuscarawas River. Quadrula metanevra (Rafinesque, Obliquaria). Ohio River, common. Quadrula metanevra wardii Lea. Ohio River; Sugar Creek, tributary to the Tuscarawas River (St.), but not a trace of it was found in the River, nor of typical metanevra in the river or creek. Quadrula tuberculata (Rafinesque, Obliquaria). Ohio River; Little Miami River; Tuscarawas River (St.), large and heavy, often with regular transverse undula- tions above the posterior umbonal ridge; Maumee and - Tiffin Rivers, near Defiance (St.). Quadrula granifera (Lea, Unio). Ohio River; tributaries? Quadrula lachrymosa (Lea, Unio), U. asperrimus Lea. Both drainages, decidedly variable. The Lake Erie form is. little inflated and has few tubercles; a simliar form in the Ohio Canal near Cleveland (Allen); not in the Tuscarawas River. MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 391 Quadrula fragosa (Conrad, Unio). Ohio River at Cincinnati, seems rare; Scioto River. Quadrula pustulosa (Lea, Unio). Ohio River and most of its tributaries; decidedly variable in regard to size, shape, and surface sculpture: from smooth to covered with tubercles all over—A form from the lake drainage, e. g. the Tiffin River (St.), is considerably different from the high, cooperiana-like form of the Ohio River and tributaries: more elongate, ‘“quadrate,”’ approaching lachrymosa in outlines; the same is known from Michigan, Indiana (Kankakee River, St.), Illinois and lowa (t. Walker), and seems to. represent a variety, may be = schoolcraftensis Lea. X Quadrula pustulosa kleineriana Lea. ‘Entire Mississippi drainage; Lake Erie,’ t. Simpson. Quadrula cooperiana (Lea, Unio). Ohio River; tributaries? Quadrula pustulata (Lea, Unio). Ohio River at Cincinnati; Mahoning River (Dean, Streator) ; cited from the Tuscarawas River, by Dean; I was not able to find a trace of it and suppose some form of pustulosa was mistaken for it. Quadrula subrotunda (Lea, Unio). Ohio River; Scioto River; Tuscarawas River, a form with very heavy shell, the beaks quite anterior, the shape of the mussel being much like that of P/. clava, the lines of growth coarse and markedly regular; a very small, slight form seems to be in Lake Erie. Quadrula kirtlandiana (Lea, Unio). Ohio River and some tributaries: Mahoning River, from which Lea had his types; Tuscarawas River, common and very variable, from the subrotunda form to much elongate, and some specimens much resembling (old) @sopus; one large and heavy specimen has numerous small muscle scars scattered all over the inner surface within the pallial line. It seems that kirtlandiana is doubtfully distinct from subrotunda, and half grown specimens agree with Lea’s description and figure of the last named species. Quadrula zsopus (Green, Unio). Ohio River and tributaries, Scioto, Mahoning, Tuscarawas. NoTEe.—@sopus certainly ranges nearer the Quadrula of this group than with Pleurobema; it closely resembles kirtlandiana in features of the shell and soft parts. [Simpson himself was in doubt where to range this and the following species. ] ise) ie) iS) OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Quadrula cicatricosa (Say, Unio), varicosa Lea. Ohio River. Quadrula pilaris (Lea, Unio). Ohio River at Cincinnati. Quadrula ebena (Lea, Unio). Ohio River. Quadrula pyramidata (Lea, Unio). Ohio River and tributaries; large and heavy specimens in the Tuscarawas River. Quadrula plena (Lea, Unio). Ohio River. Quadrula obliqua (Lamarck, Unio). Ohio River, and some tributaries. Quadrula solida (Lea, Unio). Ohio River; Scioto River. These last four species are closely related to each other, and should be revised. Quadrula trigona (Lea, Unio). Both drainages, not common. Quadrula rubiginosa (Lea, Unio). Over the state, generally common.—In some specimens from various rivers (Ohio, Tuscarawas, Tiffin), where the gonad was for the most part a testis (‘‘males’’), a few acini were found to be ovarian, containing ova. Quadrula coccinea (Conrad, Unio). Over the state, variable. In the Tuscarawas River is a form higher than the “‘typical’’ one, resembling kirtlandiana in shape, but with the soft parts quite different, and usually with a few undulations in the middle of the disks; 1t may represent a variety. Quadrula coccinea paupercula Simpson. St. Lawrence drainage; probably in the state. Pleurobema clava (Lamarck, Unio). Both drainages; e. g. in the Maumee; not in the Cuyahoga River, t. Dean. Pleurobema bournianum (Lea, Unio). X Scioto River; Ohio River at Cincinnati (Byrnes). Unio crassidens Lamarck. Ohio River, common; Scioto River. Unio gibbosus Barnes. Over the state, common and variable in regard to size, shap and color of the nacre: dark purple to salmon to white (the latter = arctior Lea); a very small form, with the beaks more anterior, is in Lake Erie. Unio tetralasmus camptodon Say. Ohio River at Cincinnati; Great and Little Miami Rivers. MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 393 Unio tetralasmus sayi Ward. Scioto River, e. g. at Circleville (type locality). Unio complanatus (Solander) Dillwyn. x St. Lawrence drainage; (among numerous Unionide col- lected from Lake Erie, at Sandusky and Vermilion, at various times, no specimens were seen, St.). One was found in a race on the Tuscarawas River, at New Phil- adelphia; evidently the mussels have migrated from Lake Erie, over the divide, probably by way of the Ohio canal. Margaritana monodonta (Say, Unio). Ohio River at Cincinnati (still!), but not common. Proptera alata (Say Unio). Both drainages; large e. g. in the Great Miami River; com- mon in Lake Erie, rather small. Proptera levissima (Lea, Symphynota), U. ohtoensts Say. Ohio River, and tributaries—? Proptera gracilis (Barnes, Unio). Both drainages; common in Lake Erie. Proptera leptodon (Rafinesque, Unio), Symphynota tenuisstma Lea. Both drainages, not common; a specimen from “‘Cleveland”’ is in the Oberlin collection. None of the four Proptera species have been found in the Tuscarawas River. Symphynota compressa Lea (known as Unio pressus Lea). Over the state. Symphynota costata (Rafinesque, Alasmidonta), Al. rugosa Barnes. Over the state; the Lake Erie form is quite small and of somewhat difierent shape. Symphynota complanata (Barnes, Alasmodonta). Over the state, in rivers, creeks, canals, lakes. Alasmidonta marginata Say, Al. marginata var. truncata B. H. Wright, Al. truncata Simpson, Synopsis. _ Over the state, both drainages; a small, slight form in Lake Erte. Alasmidonta ———— (the eastern, or Atlantic drainage form, or species): Lake Erie and tributaries (7). X Alasmidonta calceolus (Lea, Unio), Margaritana deltoidea Lea. Over the state, common. Arcidens confragosus (Say, Alasmodonta.) Ohio River at Cincinnati. Lastena lata (Rafinesque, Anodonta—Lastena), U. dehiscens Say. Ohio drainage, not common. 394 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Hemilastena ambigua (Say, Alasmodonta), U. lildrethianus Lea. Ohio drainage; Lake Erie (St.) Strophitus edentulus (Lea, |Nagionta Over the state, common and very variable. A very small, sight form, much inflated, in Lake Erie, seems to represent a variety. Strophitus edentulus pavonius Lea. Over the state; very small e. g. in a run in Portage Co. (St._t. Simpson); very large in the Mahoning River, at Alliance (St.); Tuscarawas. River, with the common form of edentulus, and merging into it (St.) Anodontoides ferussacianus (Lea, Anodonta). Over,the state. Anodontoides ferussacianus subcylindraceus Lea. Pymatuning River in Ashtabula County, Grand River, Sil- ver Creek in Portage Co.; Olentangy River at Delaware (Walker); Burton City, Wayne Com (sitar Anodontoides ferussacianus modestus Lea. St. Lawrence drainage, Lake Erie. Anodonta grandis Say. Over the state, very variable. Anodonta grandis plana Lea. Scioto River, Columbus; Miami Canal; Ohio Canal at Canal Winchester (Walker); Sandusky River (St.). Anodonta grandis decora Lea. Mahoning River; Silas Creek, Portage Co.; Columbus; Little Miami River; Miami Canal; Little Stillwater Creek near Denison (St.). Anodonta grandis salmonia Lea. Tuscarawas River and Ohio Canal (St.); Upper Cuyahoga River, at Hiram (Streator, St.); Pymatuning River, Ashtabula Co. (Walker); Silver Wake ‘Clank "Com Olentangy River (Walker). Anodonta grandis benedictensis Lea. St. Lawrence drainage; Rocky River (Allen) ; Lake Erie (St.). Anodonta grandis footiana Lea. St. Lawrence drainage; Springfield Lake, Summit Co. (St.); cited from Cincinnati. For citing localities for these varieties, and identify- ing specimens, I am largely indebted to Mr. Bryant Walker. Anodonta marginata Say. X St. Lawrence drainage; Hudson, Summit Co. MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 395 Anodonta imbecillis Say. Over the state, common, in all kinds of waters. The animal is hermaphrodite. Of the following three species, of the St. Lawrence drainage, I have seen no specimens: Anodonta implicata Say. X Anodonta pepiniana Lea. Anodonta kennicottu Lea. SPHERIIDA. Spherium simile (Say, Cyclas), Cyclas sulcata Lamarck, Spherium sulcatum Prime, Mon. Corb. - Over the state, in various kinds of waters. Spherium striatinum (Lamarck, Cyclas). Over the state; very variable in size, shape, striation, color, etc. Some Spheria provisorily ranged under striatinum, may prove distinct species, e. g. a form from Geauga Co. (Streator), seems identical with a Potomac River Spheerium. Spherium solidulum (Prime, Cyclas). Over the state, variable. The typical form, as it seems, especially in the western part of the state. Spherium stamineum (Conrad, Cyclas). Over the state, very variable, and there are, probably, a number of varieties. *Spherium flavum (Prime, Cyclas). x Lake Erie (St.), and probably some of its tributaries. Sphezrium fabale (Prime, Cyclas). Hamilton Co. (Walker; the species is in none of the Cincin- nati lists); Portage Co. (Streator, St,); Summit and Stark Counties (St.). Probably over most of the state. Spherium rhomboideum (Say, Cyclas). Portage Co.! (Streator); Summit, Stark and Tuscarawas Counties (St.); Columbus; -Cincinnati. Spherium occidentale Prime. Over the state, common in quiet waters, ponds, ditches, swamps. Spherium occidentale amphibium Sterki. Living on damp ground, under dead leaves, etc.; smaller than the typical form, and of somewhat different shape and appearance. Garrettsville! (Streator); Tuscarawas Co., various places (St.). Musculium transversum (Say, Cyclas), Spherium, Calyculina transversa. ; Over the state, common in all kinds of waters, even in rivers with rocky bottom, e. g. the Sandusky at Tiffin (St.). Musculium contractum? (Prime, Spherium), was seen among a mixed lot supposed to be from Ohio (Cincin- nati museum). 396 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Musculium partumeium (Say, Cyclas), Spherium, Calyculina part. Over the state, in quiet waters; variable. A form: more rounded in outlines, more regularly inflated, with broad, low beaks, smaller than typical par- tumeta, seems to represent a variety. Garrettsville! (Stre- ator); New Philadelphia (St.); a simliar form from Mentor (Allen). +Musculium jayense (Prime, Cyclas), Spherium jayanum Prime, Mon. Corb. Cincinnati; probably over western Ohio. {Musculium truncatum (Linsley, Cyclas), Spherium, Caly- culina tr. Portage Co. (Streator, St.); Geauga and Cuyahoga Counties! (Allen); Stark and Tuscarawas Counties (St.); probably all over the state. Musculium securis (Prime, Cyclas), Spherium, Calyculina securts. Over the state, common in ponds, pools, ditches, variable. Seyeral forms seen are considerably different and may represent varieties or even distinct species. Musculium sphericum (Anthony, Cyclas), described from the Black River, Lorain Co., is beliveed to be a form of securis; I have seen no authentic specimens. +Musculium sp. — x Geauga Lake, east of Cleveland (Allen). [Quite distinct from all other species, and probably underscribed; the same has been seen from Michigan, Indiana and [linois]. Pisidium virginicum (Gmelin, Tellina, Cyclas dubia Say. Cuyahoga River and Breakneck Creek, Portage Co., Nimi- shillen Creek, “Stark Co.- Auiclarze Raver (alle Sitns Cincinnati. Pisidium compressum Prime. (The “river form,’ regarded as typical). Over the state, common im rivers and creeks, namely sm springs. Pisidium compressum levigatum Sterk1. Springfield Lake, Meyer’s Lake (St.); in quiet waters. Pisidum compressum opacum Sterk1. Sloughs on the Tuscarawas River (St.). +Pisidium kirklandi Sterki. Auglaize River at Wapakoneta (St.). +Pisidium cruciatum Sterki. x Tuscarawas River, Miami Canal at Hamilton (St.). 7Pisidium fallax Sterk1. Rivers, creeks and. races in Portage, Summit, Stark and Tuscarawas Counties; Miami Canal at Hamilton; San- dusky and Maumee Rivers (all: St.). MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 397 Pisidium fallax mite Sterk1. Nimishillen Creek at Canton (St.). +Pisidium punctatum Sterki. Portage, Summit, Stark and Tuscarawas Counties, various . places; Ohio River at Cincinnati; Miami Canal at Ham- ilton (all: St.); doubtless all over the state, in running water. Pisidium variabile Prime. Summit, Stark and Tuscarawas Counties (St.). Probably all over the state. 7Pisidium affine Sterk:. Springfield Lake, Meyer’s Lake (St.). {Pisidium sargenti Sterk1. Portage, Stark and Tuscarawas Counties, various places (St.); Cuyahoga Co.! (Allen). {+Pisidium noveboracense Prime. Summit, Stark. Tuscarawas, Erie Counties (St.); Geauga Co.! (Streator); Puritas springs, Cuyahoga Co.! not typical (Allen). Decidedly variable. Pisidium noveboracense elevatum Sterki. sandusky (St.). Pisidium noveboracense quadrulum Sterki, and form proclive St. Tuscarawas Co., various places (St.). *Pisidium succineum Sterki. Tuscarawas Co., various places (St.). {Pisidium walkeri Sterki. Portage, Stark, Tuscarawas Counties (St.); Hamilton Co.! (Cincinnati Museum). {Pisidium mainense Sterki. NEivarresrpuank Co, (St). {Pisidium neglectum Sterki. Krumroy, Summit Co., Canal Dover, Tuscarawas Co. (St.); Dover, Cuyahoga Co.! (Allen). {Pisidium trapezoideum Sterki. Summit, Tuscarawas and Auglaize Counties (St.). {Pisidium roperi Sterki. Hudson, Summit Co.! (Pettingell). tPisidium streatori Sterki. Garrettsville! (Streator) ; Justus, Stark Co. (St.); Columbus!. (Moores); Geauga Lake, east of Cleveland! (Allen). Pisidium abitum Haldeman. Over the state; very variable. Under this name, most of our Pisidia, even of widely different groups, are listed and in collections. All of them should be revised. 7Pisidium strengii Sterk1. Garrettsville (St.); Dover, Cuyahoga Co.! (Allen). 398 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. ;Pisidium politum Sterk1. Tuscarawas Co., various places (St.). 7Pisidium politum decorum Sterki. Dover, Cuyahoga Co.! (Allen); Meyer’s Lake, Canton (St.); Tuscarawas Co., various places (St.). }+Pisidium splendidulum Sterk:. Cuyahoga River at Hiram, Sandusky, various places in Tuscarawas Co. (St.); decidedly variable. ;Pisidium rotundatum Prime. Garrettsville! (Streator); Justus, Stark Co. (St.). +Pisidium ohioense Sterk1. Garrettsville! (Streator). +Pisidium medianum Sterki. Springfield Lake (St.); probably at least over the northern part of Ohio. {Pisidium pauperculum Sterki. Springfield Lake (St.). Pisidium pauperculum crystalense Sterk1. Cuyahoga River, Nimishillen Creek at Canton (St.). Nore: All of these Pisidia are widely distributed, out- side of Ohio, and most of them will be found over the state. MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 399 SUPPLEMENTARY LISTS. In the following hst, some Ohio species are enumerated, which were not known when earlier lists and descriptive works were published, or misunderstood. Specimens are probably mixed in among other similar forms, and all such lots in collec- tions should be looked over carefully. Gastrodonta collisella Pilsbry may be among gularis, and ligera; (from the latter it is at once distinguished by its lamelle). Zonitoides leviusculus Sterki, among minusculus. Hyalina wheatleyi Bland, and others, among H. radzatula, Zonttoides arboreus, etc. Hyalina lamellidens Pilsbry, among multidentata. Euconulus chersinus Say, among julvus, and vice versa! Vallonia excentrica Sterki, among pulchella. Vallonia parvula Sterki, among costata, and all of these species among “ pulchella.”’ Strobilops affinis Pilsbry and virgo Pilsbry, among labyrinthica. Bifidaria procera Gould, as Pupa rupicola Say, and among Vertigo. Bifidaria holzingeri Sterki, among pentodon. Bifidaria pentodon Say, among tappaniana,; notice the change of names. Vertigo tridentata Wolf, pygme@a-Drap., morse: Sterki, among ovata. Vertigo parvula Sterki, bollesiana Morse, among milum, gouldi1, and others. Carychium exile H. C. Lea, among exiguum, and both species among small Pupide. Physa aplectoides Sterki, among gyrina etc., and Aplexa hyp- norum. Lymnea parva Lea, sterkit Baker, among any of the smaller, and young, Lymnee. Planorbis umbilicatellus Cockerell, among parvus. Planorbis opercularis multilineatus Vanatta, among dilatatus. Planorbis rubellus Sterki, among exacuous. Gundlachia species among Ancylus! Ancylus, various species, among any in collections. Amnicola pilsbryi Walker, and other small forms, among /2mosa, cincinnatiensis, etc. Valvata bicarinata Lea, among tricarinata. Lampsilis fallaciosa Simpson, among anodontoides. Spherium flavum Prime, and probably others, among striatinwm. Musculium, various species, among any in collections. Pisidium, many species, among any lots on hand, especially “abditum Hald.”’ 400 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. A Few Species Not Recorded from Ohio, Probably or Possibly to be Found. Hyalina rhoadsi Pilsbry; in various states. Hyalina capsella Gould; Kentucky and southern Indiana. Philomycus (Pallifera) hemphilli W. G. Binney; Kentucky and northern Michigan. Vallonia perspectiva Sterki; Indiana, close to the Ohio line. Vertigo bollesiana Morse; New York, Michigan, etc. Planorbis crista Linné (v. cristatus Drap.); several states. Ancylus elatior Haldeman; Kentucky. Vivipara sp.; Indiana, etc. Lampsilis fatua Lea; Beaver River, Pa. Lampsilis obscura Lea; Lower Ohio River. Spherium walkeri Sterki; Indiana, Michigan, Canada. Pisidium, numerous species known from Indiana, Michigan, etc. MOLLUSCA OF OHIO. 401 FOSSILS. Fossil land and fresh-water mollusca have been collected only at few places in Ohio. Younger and older deposits should be carefully searched for them. In the ‘“‘preglacial deposits’? near Middletown, first bottoms on the Miami River, examples of the following species have been collected.- Helix elevata Say. Helix solitaria. “ concava Say. “tridentata. alternata Say. Goniobasis depygis. hirsuta Say. Planorbis trivolvis. “—monodon Rackett. Amnicola lapidaria Say. - = thyroides: Succinea sp. profunda Say. inmeuics- Olds Horesty bed “yor the Ohio River, a layer of yellow clay, Mr. A. C. Billupsy has collected the following species: Vallonia pulchella Muller. Traces. Polygyra tridentata Say. Scarce. > rs var. Region of the mouth much depressed. and very deeply striated. inflecta Say. Few. profunda Say. Very large, heavy. albolabris Say. Very scarce. exoleta Binney. Very common, but not found alive within twenty miles of this deposit. = multilineata Say. Most common. (Same note as of preceding. ) palliata Say. appressa Say. ¥ elevata Say. Fairly common. ig pennsylvanica Green. Common; rare in the vicinity alive. thyroides Say. Rather common. ‘ mitchelliana Lea. Common, rare alive. = stenotrema Fer. % monodon Rackett. Very rare. Pupoides marginatus Say. Bifidaria contracta Say. armifera Say. Common. Cochlicopa lubrica Muller. Circinaria concava Say. Common. Vitrea hammonis Strom. Several examples. * See Geological Survey of Ohio, Vol. III, Warren and Butler Counties 4 The Nautilus XVI, p. 50. (Sept., 1902). 402 OHIO STATE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Gastrodonta ligera Say. Common. Pyramidula alternata Say. Very large. ; solitaria Say. Plentiful, large. . perspectiva Say. Rare. i striatella Anth. Rare. Helicodiscus lineatus Say. Rare. Succinea sp. Very large. Pomatiopsis lapidaria. Common. Four miles east of Defiance, in a sandy deposit (loess?), forming the north bank of the Maumee River, at the state dam, Ihave collected (Oct. 27, 1906; the followimg 27 ‘species:+ Gastrodonta ligera Say. Zonitoides arboreus Say. ri leviusculus Sterk1. Hyalina radiatula Alder. “indentata Say. Circinaria concava Say. Poly yeyra profunda Say. Common. multilineata Say. Common. i albolabris Say. * zaleta Binney. . clausa Say. i mitchelliana Lea. : thyroides Say. * elevata Say. The commonest of the Polygyra. Z fraudulenta Pilsbry. inflecta Say. * hirsuta Say. Patula solitaria Say, common. “ alternata Say. “striatella Anthony. Bifidaria contracta Say. Succinea avara Say. Z retusa Lea, or near. Physa sp. (one specimen, broken to fragments). Pomatiopsis lapidaria Say. Abundant. Pisidium compressum Prime. >) ‘tallax Steric. Of Unionidz, fragments were common, but all too small to be identified. * Since I had chance to collect there only once, and during a short time, notes with respect to frequency and scarcity are insufficient. There is no doubt that many other species will be found in that deposit, which probably has a wide extension. igen