GULF OF MEXICO PLANKTON INVESTIGATIONS, 1951-53 Marine Biological Laboratory! LIBKART WOODS HOLE, MASS. SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT- FISHERIES No. 269 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE EXPLANATORY NOTE The series embodies results of Investigations, usually of restricted scope, intended to aid or direct management or utilization practices and as guides for administrative or legislative action. It Is issued in limited quantities for Official use of Federal, State or cooperating agencies and in processed form for economy and to avoid delay In publication . United States Department of the Interior, Fred A. Seaton, Secretary Fish and Wildlife Service, Arnie J. Suomela, Commissioner GULF OF MEXICO PLANKTON INVESTIGATIONS: 1951-53 by Edgar L. Arnold, Jr. Fishery Research Biologist Gulf Fishery Investigations Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Galveston, Texas Special Scientific Report — Fisheries No. 269 Washington, D. C. November 1958 The Library of Congress has cataloged this publication as follows: Arnold, Edgar L Gulf of Mexico plankton investigations: 1951-53. Wash- ington, U. S. Dept. of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Serv- ice, 1958. 53 p. maps, diagr., tables. 27 cm. (U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Special scientific report : fisheries, no. 269) 1. Plankton— Mexico, Gulf of. i. Title. (Series) SH11.A335 no.269 574.923 59-60424 Library of Congress The Fish and Wildlife Service series, Special Scientific Report — Fisheries, is cataloged as follows: U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Special scientific report : fisheries, no. 1- iWashington, 1949- no. Ulus., maps, dlagrs. 27 cm. Supersedes In part the Service's Special scientific report. 1. Fisheries — Research. SH11.A335 639.2072 59-60217 Library of Congress fit FIGURES No. Page 1 Subareas into which the Gulf of Mexico was divided for comparison of offshore plankton data 2 2 Length frequencies by percent of larvae taken by a conventional half-meter silk net towed at one knot compared with those taken by the G-III sampler towed at 4 to 5 knots during Cruise 4-2A in January 1952 3 3 Location of plankton tows made during Cruise 1-1A, April-May 1951. Numbers identify stations 5 4 Location of plankton tows made during Cruise 2-1B, June 1951. Numbers identify stations 7 5 Location of plankton tows made during Cruise 3-1C, August 1951. Numbers identify stations 10 6 Location of plankton tows made during Cruise 4-2C, January 1952. Numbers ^identify stations 15 7 Location of plankton tows made during Cruise 5-2C, May- June 1952. Numbers identify stations 19 8 Location of plankton tows made during Cruise 7 (Special), November 1952. Numbers identify stations 27 9 Location of plankton tows made during Cruise 8, February 1953, and Cruise 9 (Special), March 1953. Numbers identify stations 30 10 Location of plankton tows made during Cruise 10- 2B, April 1953. Numbers identify stations 35 11 Location of plankton tows made during Cruise 11, May-June 1953. Numbers identify stations 42 TABLES No. Faf; 1 Station data, plankton volumes and numbers, Cruise 1-1A. (Half-meter net, half-hour surface tows) 6 2 Station data, plankton volumes and numbers, Cruise 2-1B. (Half-meter net, 15-minute and half-hour surface tows) ... 8 3 Station data, plankton volumes and numbers, Cruise 3-1C. (Half-meter net, half-hour surface tows) 11 4 Station data, plan&ton volumes and numbers, Cruise 4-2A. (Half-meter net, half-hour surface tows) 13 5 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 4-2A. (G-IA sampler; speed of tows: 9-10 knots) 16 6 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 4-2A. (G-III sampler; speed of tows: 4-5 knots) 18 7 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 5-2C. (G-IA sampler; speed of tows: 9-10 knots) 20 8 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 5-2C. (G-III sampler; speed of tows: 4-5 knots) 24 9 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 7 (Special). (G-IA sampler; speed of tows: 9-10 knots) 28 10 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 8. (G-IA sampler; speed of tows: 9-10 knots) 31 11 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 8. (G-III sampler; speed of tows: 4-5 knots) 34 12 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 9 and 10- 2B. (G-IA sampler; speed of tows: 9-10 knots) . 37 22- Pasj 13 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 10- 2B. (G-III sampler; speed of tows: 4-5 knots) 40 14 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 11. (G-IA sampler; speed of tows: 9-10 knots) 43 15 Station data, total volumes of plankton and volume of fish larvae and eggs, Cruise 11. (G-III sampler; speed of tows: 4-5 knots) 45 16 G-IA net (quantitative) (a) Plankton volumes (ml./m3) 47 (B) Fish larvae (no./m3) 43 (C) Fish eggs (no./m3) 49 17 G-III net (quantitative) (A) Plankton volumes (ml./m3) 50 (B) Fish larvae (no./m3) 51 (C) Fish eggs (no./m3) 52 18 Catches of G-IA and G-III nets compared, all seasons, all subareas 53 GULF OF MEXICO PLANKTON INVESTIGATIONS: 1951-53 The Gulf of Mexico, despite its economic importance, is one of the world's least known major bodies of water, in regard both to mass water movements and to the abundance, distribution, ranges, and life histories of many species of fishes found within its boundaries. With the exception of several cruises of the Blake and Mabel Taylor in the late 1880's, the relatively small accumulation of scientific knowledge was confined largely to inshore areas. Although supporting a number of fisheries for many years, notably those for shrimp, snappers, oysters, and menhaden, the total fishery production of the Gulf has been considerably less than would normally be expected from an area of approximately 700,000 square miles. Recognizing the need for a more comprehensive general knowledge, it was decided to make a general oceano- graphic survey when the Gulf Fishery Inves- tigations was established in the summer of 1950 at Galveston, Texas, by the Fish and Wildlife Service. The primary objective was to determine the spawning areas of various fishes. Studying the distribution of their eggs and larvae by means of plank- ton tows offered the best method for attain- ing this objective. Data are presented in this report on the offshore plankton collections made in the Gulf from the MA Alaska, research vessel of the Gulf Fishery Investigations. To aid in the comparison of data, the Gulf was divided arbitrarily into the eight sub- areas shown in figure 1 (see page 2). Ten cruises were made from March 1951 to July 1953. Originally it was planned to cover the entire Gulf annually in a series of three cruises, repeated each year. Unfor- tunately, the requisitioning of the Alaska for 24 weeks of sea-time disrupted the planned continuity. As the distance between stations in the basic pattern (approximately 40 miles north and south, 100 miles east and west) seemed too great for obtaining representa- tive plankton collections, I designed a sampler that could be towed at cruising speed between stations. It consisted essen- tially of a removable "Monel" wire-cloth mesh net housed within a "Monel" tube. Details of construction are given in Fish and Wildlife Service Special Scientific Report — Fisheries No. 88. Designated as model G-IA, the sampler was fabricated and ready for use prior to the start of the second coverage of the Gulf (cruise 4-2A) in January 1952, and was operated success- fully until inactivation of the Alaska in June 1953. Continuing with the wire-cloth mesh principle, an all-metal net was designed and fabricated for making tows on station. Fundamentally a modified larger version of the G-IA model, this net was designated as model G-III, and is described in detail in the Special Scientific Report already cited. It seemed logical to assume that the G-III sampler, towed for the same period of time at 4 to 5 knots, and with the same net opening, would catch substantially more plankton than a half-meter silk net, towed at one-fourth the speed. Moreover, we hoped that the increased speed, plus an opening unobstructed by a towing bridle, would result in the capture of the more agile planktonic forms. Collecting operations in January 1952, during cruise 4-2A, afforded the first opportunity to compare the catching abili- ties of the G-III sampler and a conventional half-meter silk net. I used numbers and sizes of fish larvae — as a basis for com- parison. Ten tows at 4 to 5 knots were made with the G-III sampler, 23 tows at approxi- mately 1 knot were made with the half-meter net. All tows were of 30-minute duration. Both nets were fished horizontally, either at or within 10 meters of the surface. One G-III tow that yielded 959 larvae was con- sidered atypical and was not used in the comparison. In the 9 remaining tows, the G-III net captured 1,334 fish larvae as 1/ The term "larvae", used in this paper, includes all immature forms. compared to 414 larvae taken in 23 tows of the silk net. As shown in figure 2, the G-III samples contained larger specimens, as well as over three times the number of larvae. Contrary to what might be expected from the much greater towing speed and metal meshes of the G-III net, I found no differ- ence in the condition of the catches of the two nets. Half-meter No. 10 silk net 94 tows One-meter No. 10 silk net. 9 tows G-III Monel net No. 1 mesh 131 tows G-IA Monel net No. 1 mesh. . 215 tows As a result of these findings and because of its other advantages (durability and ease of cleaning) , the G-III sampler was used exclusively on subsequent cruises. Samples were first sorted for fish eggs and larvae. Prior to volume determina- tion all gross forms (medusae, sargassum weed, etc.) were removed. During the period of field work aboard the Alaska, a total of 449 tows were made with different types of gear, as follows: Volumes were obtained after the first four cruises by the following procedure: 30- V) o |20 O o 111 o at LlI q. 0- — • 1/2 METER SILK NET — G-nr SAMPLER -o- _L 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 LARVAE LENGTHS IN MILLIMETERS 17 18 19 20 21 Figure 2. — Length frequencies by percent of larvae taken by a conventional half-meter silk net towed at one knot compared with those taken by the G-III sampler towed at 4 to 5 knots during Cruise 4-2A in January 1952. 1. Sample poured into graduate cylinder and reading noted to nearest milliliter. 2. Solution separated from plankton by force-filtering solution through a No. 1 Wratten disc filter by means of a vacuum-pump attach- ment. 3. Filtrate poured back into gradu- ate and reading noted. 4. Volume is difference between the two readings. For the first four cruises, however, we determined volumes by fractioning and centrifuging. To adjust these values to conform with those obtained by filtration, we ran, in duplicate, a series of plankton samples of different volume ranges through both methods to obtain the necessary con- version factors. All plankton volumes given in the tables are based on the first method described. The volumes of water strained, as tabulated, were calculated from readings of the four Atlas current meters which were used throughout the Alaska cruises. As two meters were used with the G-III net on only one cruise, the readings for all quantitative hauls of this net were based on readings from the rear meter. Calibra- tions of the meters were obtained upon completion of field work by making duplicate tows in opposite directions at different speeds over a 4,500-foot course in calm water. The results of these calibrating runs which were used in the present report are as follows: Liters per Meter No. revolution 109 3.604 112 3.190 175 2.821 176 2.575 The following tables of data and their accompanying charts are tabulated according to gear and cruise. G-III hauls are numbered according to station. The results of G-III oblique hauls during cruise 5-2C (table 8) are in the same order of magnitude as those of horizontal tows, and thus received no special treatment. In spite of the diversity of towing techniques and gear, the distribution of plankton by volume revealed a distinct pattern (tables 16 and 17), with the greater abundance appearing in catches made over the Continental Shelf. In table 18 the catches of the two metal nets are compared on a quantitative basis. The G-III net, with its half -meter opening, caught substantially more of the active swimmers, but both models captured inactive forms (eggs) in nearly the same ratio. The table also points out the abrupt decrease in plankton abundance as the vessel moved seaward from waters over the Continental Shelf. In considering the data presented in this report, it should be kept in mind that because of the emphasis placed on hydrog- raphy during the survey, and the relatively deep draft of the Alaska, few stations were taken in shallow water. Limited plankton collections subsequently made in shallow waters from smaller vessels in the vicinity of Galveston Island revealed a much higher concentration of plankton, especially in numbers of fish larvae, than appeared in the Alaska catches from farther offshore. It is probable, therefore, that intensive shallow-water collecting would reveal a higher potential of biological productivity for the inshore area of the Gulf than may be inferred from these tables. Table 1. — Station data, plankton volumes and numbers, Cruise 1-1A. (Half-meter net, half-hour surface tows) Station Position Sub- Area Date 1951 Time (start) n. S. T. Plankton N. Lat. Wo Longc Volume Fish Fish (ml) larvae eggs 3 26-08 QO-05 C ]Y^2 0100 5o0 26 0 k 25-20 90-07 C, IV-22 2000 8.0 0 7 5 2h-h0 90-07 c IV-23 1110 1U.5 27 6 7 23-15 90-00 Ca iv-el* 03U5 lh.0 67 7 8 22-25 90-00 Ca TV-2U 1032 17.0 136 19 9 21-25 90-00 0a IV-2U 1920 U.5 32 68 10 22-30 86-U6 Ca IV-25 1300 9.0 69 1*2 11 22-30 88-00 Ca IV-25 21U5 15.0 155 78 12 22-30 87-lU Ca IV-26 0600 U.o 60 97 13 22-30 86-25 Ca rv-26 1U29 2.5 6 9 15 22-30 85-25 Ca IV-27 0830 3.0 h 5 17 22-28 8U-U5 SE TV-27 1915 1.5 2 1 20 23-^8 8it-32 SE IV-28 09U0 <1.0 2 0 23 23-11 82-2)4 SE TV-29 0355 2.5 5 13 27 2!i-22 82-2h SE 7-3 1910 26.U 30 2 29 2U-18 83-53 SE 7-1, 1000 u.5 k 6 31 2u-22 8U-W SE v-U 2200 10.0 1 0 32 2U-22 85-31 SE v-5 08 UO U.5 1 0 33 2U-25 87-lU C V-6 0020 n.5 U2 8 3* 25-09 88-00 C V-6 l3Uo 9.0 15 127 37 26-22 87-55 c V-7 0355 23.5 18 5 39 28-09 88-00 NC v-7 2220 21.0 56 0 la 28-13 89-1*9 NC V-8/9 2350 18.0 75 7 U2A ?«-30 93-00 WW V-10 0815 31.6 52 8 Table 2. — Station data, plankton volumes and numbers, Cruise 2-1B. (Half-meter net, 15-minute and half-hour surface tows) Half-meter net, 15-minute surface tows Station Position Sub- Date Time (start) Plankton N. Lat. W. Long. Area 1951 C» S. T. Vol'.ime Fish Larvae Fish F.gps (ml) 1 28-51 95-12 NW vi-i- 22U5* 576.0 0 725 3 28-09 96-26 NW vi-5 0932 32.h k 105 5 27-OU 97-16 NW vi-5 19U0 9U.7 2178 UlL 7 25-U5 97-00 wc VI-6 0635 77-0 U3 87 9 2U-33 97-31 wc VI-6 1755 57.1; 596 3368 11 23-18 97-38 sw VI-7 0505 U9.7 213 U58 13 21-53 97-31 sw vi-7 18 Uo 59.5 185 916 15 20-ia 96-58 sw VI-8 0726 575.0 2U 86 17 19-U3 96-20 sw vi-8 1756 * 30 minutes 59.5 1L3 202 Half-meter net, half-hour surface tows, 19 20-02 96-00 SW VI-9 0810 21 21-15 96-01 sw VI-9 23U5 23 22-U2 96-00 sw VI-10 1700 25 2U-03 96-01 wc VI-11 0600 27 25-20 96-00 wc VI-11 2255* 32 29-3U 9U-00 NW 71-19 0200* 3U 28-00 9U-07 NW VI-19 1515 5.5 11 25.9 10 25.9 9 3.5 12 25.5 10 92.3 588 21.0 10 58 8 2R 1U 25 39 31* TABLE 2 (Continued) Station Position Sub- Area Date 1951 Time (start) C« So To Volume (1). Plankton Fish Larvae N. Lai, W, Lon^» Fish Egi 36 26-ia 9h-0h WC VI-20 0630 15.0 1U 5 38 25-17 93-58 we VI-21 0625 15.5 11 1 UO 2U-05 9l*-00 WC VI-22 ol*o5* 25.9 31 0 k2 22-itO 9*4-00 SW VI-22 2220 31.6 U2 11 k6 20-Olt 93-57 SW VI-2ii 2020 25.5 22 0 1*8 I84t0 9U-00 SW VI-25 0830 3.0 18 32 50 18-55 91-57 Ca VT-26 0855 72.1 101 65 Cayag Areas 20-10 92-00 Ca VI-27 0720 32.8 133 980 5U 21-20 91-58 Ca VI-27 1710 313.0 21 218 56 22-1*0 92-00 Ca VI-28 06k0 15.0 9 9 62 26-1*6 91-55 C VI-29 131*0 20,0 27 H* 6U 28-00 92-00 NW ¥1-30 0030 *15 minutes 66.2 51 138 10 Table 3. — Station data, plankton volumes and numbers, Cruise 3-1C. (Half-meter net, half-hour surface tows) Station Position Sub- Area Date Time (start) 1951 C. S. T. Volume (nl) Plankton Fish~Larvae" N. Lat« W. Long© Fish Eggs 1 28-53 89-00 NC VIII-10 0300 68.6 21 k 2 29-33 88-23 NC VIII-10 09U5 91o6 3 10 3 29-00 88-01 NC VIII-11 2213 31U.0 0 0 h 28-ia 87-30 NC VIII-12 0805 57.lt 15 62 5 28-00 87-12 NC vni-12 1810 33.3 2 0 6 27-27 86-33 NC VIII-13 0720 52.5 8 18 7 26-59 86-01 SE VTII-13 2135 U5.6 12 1 8 26-29 85-29 SE VHI-lii 09k0 1*7.1 12 u 9 26-00 85-00 SE VIH-15 0225 36.5 15 1 10 26-10 8l}-22 SE vii 1-15 0755 29.6 19 88 11 26-09 83-50 SE viii-15 13U0 28.7 7 k9 12 26-31 83-10 SE VIII-16 20U5 28.5 52 U71 13 26-39 82-31 SE VIII-17 02U0 59.u 78 38 1U 27-18 82-58 NE VIII-17 1050 20.0 30 83 15 27-38 83-51 NE VIII-17 1755 3U.2 15 13 16 27-1*2 8U-51 NE VIII-18 0100 32.0 11 20 17 28-15 8U-hl NE VIII-18 0635 36.5 19 38 18 29-03 8U-27 NE VIII-18 1350 2.5 5 6 20 29-11 85-07 NE VIII-18 1855 22.0 20 115 11 ■RBLE 3 (Continued) Station Position Sub- Date Tlwe (start) Plankton N. Lat. W. Long. Area 1951 C. S. T. 21 28-1*6 85-U6 NE VIII-19 0210 22 29-26 85-U5 NE VIII-19 0750 23 30-06 65-U5 NE VILT-19 12U0 2k 29-li3 86-10 NC VIII-20 1230 2^ 29-30 86-28 NC VIII-20 1558 26 29-57 86-50 NC VIII-20 1930 27 30-15 87-17 NC VIII-21 0055 Volume (■1) Fish Larvae Fish Eggs 58.0 5 12 75.1 U 87 12.5 60 k2 1U3.0 5 8 31.9 0 0 360,0 l 0 29U.5 31 16 12 Table 4. — Station data, plankton volumes and numbers, Cruise 4-2A. (Half-meter net, half-hour surface tows) Station Position Sub- Area Date 1952 Time (start) C. S. T. Plankton N. Lat. W. Long. Volume (ml) Fish Larvae 0 Fish Eggs 1 26-1*6 92-00 W3 1-9 1800 6.0 1 6 2l*-l*8 90-06 C 1-11 0900 2.1* 1 2 7 2l*-17 89-37 c 1-11 2200 l*.8 10 3 8 23-U6 88-55 Ca 1-12 0635 5.0 29 3 9 23-20 88-23 Ca 1-12 1355 7.2 32 2 10 22-hl 88-00 Ca 1-12 19l*5 3.5 13 8 11 22-20 87-31 Ca 1-13 0135 7*0 7 1*0 12 21-52 87-05 Ca 1-13 0815 2.1; 11 0 lit 21-35 86-27 Ca 1-13 2055 10.0 18 1 15 21-16 86-05 Ca I-ll* 02U5 2.6 16 0 16 21-52 85-36 Ca I-ll* 0915 2.0 3 1 17 21-51* 85-23 Ca I-ll* 11*35 2.1* 0 0 18A 22-01 85-00 SE 1-15 1130 l*.o 2 1 19 22-16 81*-51* SE 1-15 19U5 9.0 3 1 22 2U-10 81*-11 SE 1-16 2250 9.0 18 0 23 2*4-1*0 83-52 SE 1-17 ol*5o 10.0 11 2 30 23-13 82-22 SE 1-20 0530 8.0 1*1* 10 31 23-16 83-11 SE 1-22 1330 Uk 0 0 , 13 TABLE h (Continued) Station Position Sub- Area Date 1952 Tiae (start) C» Se To Volume (ml) Plankton Fish Larvae N. Lat. W, Long. Fish Eggs 33 23-32 8U-33 SE 1-23 02U8 12.0 32 6 39 25-37 86-llj C 1-25 0610 12.0 73 3 ko 26-07 86-06 C 1-25 1500 k»o 2 0 la 27-01 85-58 NE 1-26 0000 12 oO 87 3 k3 28-11 86-00 NE 1-26 1515 7.0 0 6 kk 28-12 86-U5 NC 1-26 2318 12.1 25 7 U5 28-03 87-27 NC 1-27 0638 8.0 31 5 14 15 < CM •H 3 u O bo CD u u > H .H -~ > U3 .c -m W o •H C I O o nm o T3
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CM f~ oo nO nO NO XA -S CM 1 f XA 1 XA t XA 1 T CM 1 r- r- t>- f- C- r- CO CM CM CM CM CM CM CM «? On CM NO OS o H CM CN. -^J \A NO f- OO os CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM 46 BIBLE 16 (*) G-Ia Net (Quantit ative Plankton Voluaes (ml«/m3) 0-100 fms. 100-1000 flas. over 1000 fms. Sub-^rea Winter Spring Fall Winter Spring Pall Winter Spring Fall NW .055 (10) .101* (HO .009 (2) DC .091* (6) •U2 (17) •152 (3) .113 (U) .061 (11) .071* (1) .091 (2) •05U .096 (6) IE •01(0 (8) .11*6 (11) .025 (1) .063 (10 .056 (1) » WC •065 (5) •029 (JO .008 (1) C .038 (9) .050 (8) •063 (1) Ca .014 (3) •05a (3) .015 (i) Stf .031* (7) .023 (W SB •07ft (12) .135 (10) .191 (16) •032 (5) •015 (l) .01*7 (1) •01*9 (7) .055 (ii) •026 (1) Means •060 (39) •115 .185 (61*) (19) .05U (15) •053 .061 (20) (2) .01*7 (20) 411 Seasons .109 (122) .05k (37) () No. of tows Wiater—12/21-3/20 Spring— 3/21-6/20 Fall— 9/21-12/20 .01*7 (28) .052 (56) .083 (8) 47 TABLE 16 (B) Fish Larvae (no./m^) ( 3-100 fas. LOO-1000 fms. OTer 1000 fas. Sub -area Winter Spring Fall Winter Spring Fall Winter Spring Fall NW .188 (10) •U93 (HO •Oil (2) NC .316 (6) .kh3 (17) .7U9 (3) .102 (U) .181 (11) •080 (1) .095 (2) •191 (k) .052 (6) HE •176 (8) (11) .025 (1) •187 (U) .031; (1) WC •696 (5) .025 .032 (1) c .115 (9) •166 (8) •110 (i) Ca .032 (3) .199 (3) .000 (1) sw •H82 (7) •066 (10 SE .127 (12) 1.U2 (10) •072 (16) •0U6 (5) .068 (i) .076 (1) .025 (7) •135 (11) •020 (i) Means •17U (39) .585 (6U) •132 (19) .085 (15) .1U5 (20) .078 (2) •072 (20) .138 (28) .055 (8) All Seasons •391 (122) •U7 (37) •102 (56) Winter—12/21-3/20 Spring— 3/21-6/20 Fall— 9/2 1-12/20 () No. of t ows 48 TaBLB 16 (C) Fish Eggs (noo/«3) 0- -100 fas. L00-1000 fte. over 1000 fas. Sub-area Winter Spring Fall Winter Spring Fall Winter Spring Fall mr •593 (10) 2.389 (Ik) .000 (2) 10 .2k5 (6) k.002 (17) .kok (3) .030 (k) .151 (U) .006 (1) .016 (2) .033 (k) .00k (6) NE 1,686 (8) 1.285 (11) .025 (1) .077 (k) .011 (1) VC 2,006 (5) •oko (k) •oko (1) c .017 (9) •0k8 (8) •007 (1) Ca •062 (3) .029 (3) .000 (1) sir .k82 (7) •052 (k) SE 1.12$ (12) 1.916 (10) .166 (16) .000 (5) •012 (1) .017 (1) •005 (7) .0k3 (11) .020 (1) Mesne •886 (39) 2,301 (6k) •20k (19) .015 (15) .107 (20) .012 (2) •012 (20) •OkU (28) .006 (6) All Seasons 1.522 (122) .065 (37) •027 ' (56) Winter— 12/21-3/20 Spring— 3/21-6/20 Fall— 9/21-12/20 () No. of tows 49 BIBLE 17 (A) G-HI Met (Quantitative) Plankton Volumes (ml./a^) 0-100 fms, ■ 100-1000 fas. Winter Spring over 1000 fas. Sub-area Winter Spring Winter Spring NW .089 (3) NC .373 (2) .292 (2) •092 (9) •1$0 (1) HE .272 (2) •17$ (8) •10$ (2) .101 (1) .130 (1) C •129 (7) •111 ($) Ca (i) .iia (i) SE Oft (8) .173 .173 (3) •070 (3) .079 (3) .091 (8) Means .157 (13) •203 CU) .210. (6) .089 (1U) •111* (12) .101* (1$) Both Seasons .171 (27) .13$ (20) .109 (27) () No. of tows Winter— 12/21-3/20 Spring— 3/21-6/20 50 ■O.BLE 17 (B) Fish Larvae (no./m^) 0-100 fas. 100-1000 fms. orer Winter 1000 c fms* Sub-area Winter Spring Winter Spring Spring NW •U5U (3) NC (2) •lk6 (2) •U58 (9) .129 (1) HE •2U0 (2) 3.032 (8) •282 (2) .220 (1) •!*67 (1) C .239 (7) .390 (5) Ca 2.056 (1) •1j27 (1) SE •35U (8) •686 (h) .808 (3) •238 (3) *118 (3) .253 (8) Means •667 (13) 2.151 (Ik) •795 (6) .386 (U) .221 (12) .305 (15) Both Seasons ' UU6 (27) •509 (20) .268 (27) Winter— 12/21-3/20 Spring— 3/21-6/20 () No. of tows 51 TUBUS 17 (C) Fish Eggs (no./»3) 0-100 fms. loo-: L000 : Ems. over Winter 1000 fmso Sub-crea Winter Spring Winter Spring ipring ffif 2.23k (3) NC 3.913 (2) .008 (2) .107 (9) .009 (1) HE 1.007 (2) •581 (8) .008 (2) .036 (1) •029 (1) C .0U3 (7) .031 (5) Ca .021 (1) .01*2 (1) SE •6U1 (8) 1.655 (k) .OOlj (3) .106 (3) •012 (3) •028 (8) Means .988 (13) 1.36M (Ik) •008 (6) .093 (Ik) •03U (12) .028 (15) Both Seasons : U103 (27) .067 (20) .031 (27) Winter— 12/21-3/20 Spring— 3/21-6/20 () No. of tows 52 Table 18. — Catches of G—IA and G-III nets compared, all seasons, all subareas. Depth Zone Plankton G-JA (■1./.3) G-III Fish Larrae G-a (no./a3) G-ni Fish Eggs Q-Tk (no./m3) G-III 0-100 fas. Tows .109 (122) .171 (27) .391 1.U36 1.522 1.183 100-1000 fas. Tows .05U (37) .135 (20) .117 .509 .065 .067 orer 1000 fas. Tows .052 (56) .109 (27) .102 .268 .027 •031 () No. of tows 53 IKT.-OUP. SBC.. IASH.. D.C. t,S*07 ^iliiliii 5 WHSE 01269 \