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SEA LAMPREY SPAWNING RUNS IN THE GREAT LAKES 1951

SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT: FISHERIES No. 68

Marine Biological Laboratory MAY15 1952

WOODS HOLE, MASS.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

SEA LAMPREY SPAWNING RUNS THE GREAT LAKES 1951

SPECIAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT: FISHERIES Na 68

Marine Biological Laboratory

L I B R yi. :R -ST

MAY15 1952

WOODS HOLE, MASS.

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE

Explanatory Note

The series embodies results of investigations ^ usually of restricted scope, intended to aid or direct management or utilization practices and as guides for administrative or legislative actioHo It is issued in limited quantities Tor the official use of Federal, State or cooperating agencies and in processed form for economy and to avoid delay in publication.

Washington, Do C< March 1952

Special Scient,ific Repori. - Fisheries No. 68

SEA LAMPREY SPACING RUNS IN THE GREAT LAKES, 1951

By

Vernon C. Applegate_, Bernard R, Smith, and Alb er ton Lo McLain Fishery Biologists

and

Matt Patterson Super^i/isor, Comnercial Fishing Wisconsin Conservation Department

UONTENTc

Page

Installation and operation of sea laxaprey

control structures in 1951 <, . 1

Lake Huron ^ ......... o ......... . 1

Lake Michigan ,,,.........,. U

Lake Superior .,.......,.,. U

Numbers of lampreys taken by control devices It

Relative abundance of sea laimpreys . . . , . 5

Lake Micl'dgan ,.,..,..........,... 5

Lake ijupc'-.^c.'r , ... ^ .,.........,.<, . b

Other species of fish taken in the weirs and traps and

degree of scarring among them, «...,,... 9

Some biological char-acteristics of the sea lamprey runs. . 9 New developments and further evaluation of mechanical

control devices, . , . o . . c 31

Barrier dams. .............. 31

Portable-type weirs and .traps ............ 33

Operating costs in 19pO and 1951™ ..... 33

Literature cited „.,„....,......,..... 36

List of common arid fr-cientlfic names of fishes mentioned

in this report .,.,.,,...... 37

ILXA.iSTRATIOKS

Figure Page

1. Map of upper Gi-eat Lalces showing the location

of sea ianprey contrcl cie:vi(^s£ operated in 1951 2

2. Rate of increase of sea lanp^r-eys in Lalces H''Ji-on

and Michigan as i"if Iecte;d hj -iireir and trap

catches in the Ocqueoc River, P;:'esqu.''^ Isle

Coixatj,, Michigan (LsJ^e Pfjron bas-in.) and Hibbard's

Creek. Door Co"anty, Wisconsin (Lake I,Iichigar>

basin) ........ 7

3. Experimental sea laaiprsy bai'/rier dam in -the Black

Ri.ver, Mackina-ar Co'onty, Miciiigan 32

U. Black River bai-rier dam. '.■:iose--'ap of bai'rier dam shomng overhanging, o-uc-ved lip of sheet steel attached to "wall of dam. , 32

$. Portable-type WBir and trap in Carp Creek, Presque Isle CoTonty, Ifi-chigaii, after inst.allation of permanent sills, ■'M'ap base, ard abutmenbs of concrete . . . . <. 3h

6. Diagramatic plans of concrete sills, trap base, and abutments used to protclde per:ianent base for poi'table-tj'pe sea lampj'ey weir and trap. . o ..... . 35

Since the inauguration of the sea-lamprey investigations as a

part of the Ser^Jioe 's Great Lakes Fishery Investigations, in October I9I1.9, consic.erabi'^. prcgr'e-rss has been made axi the long-term prcgr*am for the d.evelc.pmer_t of methods of suppi'esof-ng or controlling the pai-asitie sea lamprey. The sea-lamprey investigations may be divided broadly into the folloiving phases: development and testing of con- trol devices and procedirr-es, inelioding the acc-umulation of reasonably exact data on costs of iD.stallation and operation of various struc- tiiresj exir-ension cf studies on the life history and habits of the sea lampi'ey -with a view tovra^d detei-mining better the vulnerable stages of tiie life histo:cyj sunreys of streams to ascertain the distribution of sea-lamprey runs and the extent of available spamiing grounds; and, studies of species subject to attacks hj sea lampreys to learn the incidence of attacks and the effects on abxmdance.

Selected from the pre:;ed±ng investigative program for inclusion herein az'e summarizations of data collected in 19^1 concerning: a second yeai' of experimental control operations in Control Zone H-1 (in nort.hem Lak:e H\iron) and in the Wisconsin -maters of Lake Michiganj abundaiice of sea lampreys in the thi-ee upper lakes; a comparison of the biological chai'acteristics of the sea-lamprey spatvning runs of 19>1 with these of pi'evious years; and developments and further eval- uation of mechanical de'/ices for sea-lamprey control.

Similar data for the 19^0 season ar.d information basic to this report have been presented by Applegate and Smith (19^1).

These particular operations and investigations were conducted as in the previous year, W3.th the cooperation of the Wisconsin Conserva- tion Departmenb and the Michigan Department of Conservation.

Installation and operation of sea-lamprey-control structures in 19^1

Lake Huron. — In nort-hera Lake Ku-ron 12 trapping devices "vvere operatea in," Conti-ol Zone H-1 "srfiich was established in 19^0; 11 of these sti-uctui-es were operated in the same streams as in the previous year* (Applegate and Smith, 1951). In addition, a trap was installed in the bottom compartment of the fish ladder at the paper-mill power dam on the Cheboygan. River (fig. 1). All installations were the stan- dard, po;rtable-type sea-lamprey weir and traps with the exception of the pe:o.nanent"type Ocqueoc Ri.ver installation and the aforementioned Cheboygan River trap which ivas a de-'rlce manufactured especially to fib a fish-ladder Gompar-'&ment. Complete runs were captured in all but tvro streams, and in one of these only a minor escapement occurred. In the Cheboygan River only a small part of the -bobal run was taken be-, cause the trap could n.)t be located near the main spill of the water and consequently the majority of the lampreys were attracted away from the trap. However j the dam prevented the upstream movement cf the lampreys not taksn by the trap.

Figure 1. — Map of upper Great Lakes showing the location of sea-lamprey control devices operated in 1951.

Table 1. — llyiinljc-' of spaTcning-CTin sea lampreys talcen by control devices during the 1951 season

[Structures listed belotv may be located on map in figure 1]

Stream Number taken

Lake Hui'on tributardesi (Control Zone H-1)

Car-p Lake River^ Eranet County, Michigan Ij.3 913

Li.ttla Black River 3, Cheboygan County, Mich. 909

Cheboygan Rive^', Cheboygan Coiinty, Mich. 2,368

Elliott Creek, Cheboygan Coui:^ty, Mich 70

Green Creak, Cheboyg.an Coixnty, Mich 78^

Lone Pine Creok, Presque Isle County, Mich 0

Mi.lliga:i Creek, Presque Is3.e Ccimty, Mich 5^7

Cedar Creek, Presque Isle Co^jjity, Mich 0

Grace Harbor Creek, Pi'esque Isle CoTinty, Mich 32

Carp Greek, Presque lole Coanty. Mich 1^ 266

Ocqueoc River, Pr.jsque Isle County, Mich 19,393

Trout River, Fre.'sque Isle County, Mich 1,903

Total, Lake Hiiron. 32, I7I

Lake Michigan tributaries:

Hibbard's Creek, Door County, lis , . 12,6i;0

lily Bay Creek, Door County^ Wis 128

Three Mile Creek, Ke-sra-onee County, Wis 2,l407

Kewaunee River, Kewaunee County, Wis 3, 270

Mishicot River. Msnitowoc County, Wis 21,080

Fischer Creek, MaaitoTroc County, Wis , 3jl4.5>

Total, Lake Mich?.gan. l!.2,980

Lake Superior tributaries;

Pendill > s Crselc, Chj-ppeiva County, Mich 20

Ghocolay River, Ma'rquette County, Mich 3 01

Total, Lai'Te Superior. 321

GRAND TOTAL. 75j,U72

An electromechanical iveir -was i:i£"'oalled below the Ocqueoo Tdver Trveir and was operated and tested contiiriously for 6 weeks during the height of the upstream migration of ser. lampreys, l/

The objectives in operating thic Control Zone another yeai' are sttrnmarized briefly as follo-vTs:

(1) To gain additional experisnos in the operation of this type of control and to obtain information on ajdmin- istrative and operationcJ. p:'obleras and costs.

(2) To ascertain further the e/Veots of the prevention of reproduction by sea lampreys in the streams tributrr;'" to a limited area of shorel:_."ic .

(3) To continue the development and testing of improvements in design and construction of meclianical control struc- tures ; and

(U) To provide sites where adcqr.ate checlcing devices (T/eirs and traps) were present foi 'costing other equipment, primarily of an electrical nature.

Lake Michigan. — Six pc)rtable-t3n.)G r/cirs and traps were agaiji in- stalled and operated by the Wisconsin Conservation Department in streams tributary to Lalce Llichigan. Eocause of high waters these de- vices were installed late and conseqv.<:)is.t?^'- some escapement occiirred, but the majority of the sea lampreyo entsx'ing these streams ivere cap- tured. Two structures were relocated to eliminate spawning which occurred in areas below v/eir locationt: used in 1950.

The checking weir and traps luxLv. in the Black River, Mackinaw County, Michigan, was installed at a :ic?a- location above the barrier dam in that stream for operation by personnel of the Michigan Depart- ment of Conservation. The purpose of these structures was to deter- mine the effectiveness of a special!;''' dojiigned, low-head barrier dam in blocking upstream movement of spai.rning-run sea lampreys. The oper- ation of this unit was continuous tiu-cughout the season. Although a large run entered the river, no lamr)i'c-)7s vrere taken in the checking weir. The barrier dam was completely effective in blocking the migrants.

Lalce Superior. — In the Lalce Superior basin the weir and trap in PendiHTs Creek, Chippewa County, viras operated for the second yeai" and captured the entire run. An electrical fish screen and a portable-type weir and trap (checking vreir) were operated in the Chocolay River, Marquette County, Michigan.

Numbers of lampreys talcen by co:-trol devices. — A total of 7i^j^72 spawning-run sea lampreys was captui'Ou in 1951 in 21 control devices. In nearly all streams, the entire spasming runs ivere captured. Of the

1/a detailed report of the developmeu'; of electrical and electromechan- ical sea-lanprey-control dev:.ces T.i.11 be presented elsevriiere.

total catchj 32,171 individuals were taken in Control Zone H-1, I|.2,930 were captured in the Wisconsin control devices, and the remain- ing 321 lampreys were taken from the two streams tributary to Lake Superior. Biological data were reviorded for many of these lampreys 5 all individuals were subsequently dcjstroyed. These catches ccre siim- marized in table 1 iiriiere the jJidividvAi totals by strean and by iaK:e basin are given.

Relative abundance r.f sea lampreys

Lake Huron. — The sea-lamprey population in northern Lalce Hurori., as Indicated by the size of the spawnlig runs captured, apparently conbin- ued to maintain itself at the pealc level of its abundance ior a:tiother season. The total run in the Ocqueoc River was 19,393 sea lampreys in the 1951 season as compared to 18,822 in 1?50 and 2l|.,6l4.5 in 19U9. As in 1950, a considerable number of migi'ants from the adjacent lake ar-ea was "siphoned-off" by trappijng operations in other streams in the virgin- ity; this reduced the total catch in the Ocqueoc River to a cer-^-.ain ex- tent. Consideration of all factors would indicate that, numerically spealcing, the runs in the three seas./ns were of comparable sise.

Most of the catches in the snail .streams of Control Zone H-l were considerably less than for the previ.ou3 year. At first thought this de- crease would seem to indicate a declij.ne in the sea-lamprey population. Actually, these small catches were the I'esult of the blcoking of the stream mouths by sand ba::'s sevei-al t?jr.es during the period of upstreejn migration. High lake levels, ?-ow stream disch.arges, and strong w3.nds all contributed to unusual bari'ier-ba:'" formations during the 19^1 season.

All available records of spaivirLig runs of sea lampreys into the streams of northern Lake Huron (Uriited States -viraters) arre assembled in table 2. Those records for the Ocqucioc River demonstrate the phenomenal increase in the population in the yea:;'f 19W-i- to 19li.9 and the st!.bsequent leveljjig-off of that population -when fish stocks in the nci'^/heiT. areas of the lalce were reduced almost to the point of disappeai'anca (fig. 2).

Lalce Michigan. —In the streams ti'ibutaj:y to noi'thwfistem La.ke Mich- igan, ~tvelr"~an3~trap catches coutinuec. to ?.'eflect the explosive increase of the species in these waters. In 19^1, sea-lamprey spaTjning runs in six Wisconsin streams were nearly thiree times as lai-ge as those dntei-- ir.g the same streams the previous yea::'. In 19^0, I6jli.l0 spawning mi- grants were taken in six control devices; in 1951^ U2,980 inoAi^-iduals vrere captured. All available records of spawning runs entering thes'5 six streams are presented in table 3« The spa'swriing runs captur^sd :ji Hibbards Creek, Door County, Wisconsin demonstrate most dramatically the enonnous increase in the nujabers of sea lampreys in the lalce since 191;.'? (babla 3 arid fig. 2).

The data collected in 19^1 give no indication that the sea lamprey population in Lake Michigan has yet c>tf.ained the peak of its ab-o:adancft, Maxjjn'om abundance and a leveling-off in tiumbers of the lam-prey popula- tion in northern Lake Hui-on followed by several years the vix'^mal

Table 2. — Nura'ber of spawxiing-run sea lampreys oaken in 7?eirg and traps in strsains tributary to Lalce Huron, '~l9^ - '1951

Strean	Year
	19hk	19kS	19lt6	1917	-lo;,;!	19U9	19502/	1951
O'-queoc River	1/ 3,366	1/U,603		iAo^OOO	i/i3,ooo	i/2l;,6.U3	13,622	19,393
C.arp Creelc	• • •			2/ 1,617	2/ 2,939	2/ 2,763	1,161	1,266
Trout River	• « •				• • •		1,702	1,903
Grace Harbor Creek							52	32
Cedar Creek	• • •						0	0
Mill'' gaia Creek							700	527
Lone Pine Greek							0	0
Green Creek							l,9l;<	785
E'^liott Creek							266	70
Little Black River	• • 9						9$3	909
Cheboygan River	• * d				• • c		• • w	2,368

1/ Shetter (19U9)s partial capture of run; examination of Shetter's data suggests ~ tloat these catcLes represent about three-quc,rters of the run entc-:ring the stream each year.

2/ Applegate (1950): data for Ocqueoc River for 19U7 and 19l;3 aa'e estimates based ~ on counts of total number of nests in watershed mth consideration given for

observed sparmji-ng habits a:id sex ratio in those years; other data are based on

entire runs captured in -weirs and traps.

3/ Applegate and Smith (1951): all data based on entire runs captuz'ed in iveirs ~ ajid traps.

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Table 3. — tlumber of spavTning-rua s'iZ. Israpreys talcen in '•^i£f> ^^-

traps in streams tributa:-"/ -'co_ north-western Lal-ce

lEchigan (19ii?~- 1951}

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Stream	19Ub^	19l;6	I9U7	19.'+6	I9ij.9	19<0	193'1
Hibbard Greek	1/25	125	^96	S^9	1.579	5, 1' 22	12s6L.O
lily Bay Creek	• • •		• • «	0 « e	a A 9	16	128
Three Mile Creek	• • •	• • «	• • •	• 0 •	e • 4	1,051	2,1j.07
Kewaunee River	• • •		• • •	• • •	a • «	I5353	3,270
ICshicot River	• • •		• • «	0 • 0	» e «	7,712	21,080
Fischer Creek				e • •	« • «	81:7	'^s'S't.'

1/ The number of lampreys trapped in 1.9.45 is nc^t the complete laxi. into ~ the streams trapping operations ware intermittent in that year.

disappearance of the lake trout (a preferred prey species) froiT: the com- mercial fisherj^. Maintenance of the population in Lake Huron at peak abundance is attributed to the ability of the remaining fish stocks to support, at least temporarily, the peak lamprey population. Those spe- cies to which the lamprey has transferred its attentions are currently suffering a severe decline. This same situation may apply to Lake Mich- igan.

Lake Superior. — The sea-lamprey population in Lake Superior continues to increase, A recheck of streams, tributary to the eastern third of Lake Superior,, in which evidence of spawning activity was noted in 1950 revealed considerable increase in spawning activity in the 1951 seasonj several streams in which no activity was observed in 1950 contained evi- dences of spaivning in 1951.2/ The niimber of spavming mLgrants taken in at least one of the two experimental control structures operated in Lake Superior tributaries indicates that ■y^rj effective (productive) spax-raing runs are even now present in the most suitable tributaries! the progeny

2/ A comprehensive report of a siorvey of the streains tributary to the south shore of Lake Superior which was made in 1950 and 195l is now in press.

of these runs, when they enter the lake some years hence, will be numer- ous. Further surveys of tributaries of the lake conducted in 19^1 indi- cate that extensive^ but as yet unused, spawning grounds of something less than optimum quality exist for the species at least on the south shore of the lake. A considerable expansion of the population, therefore, appears imminent. Adequate warning of the effects of such an expansion upon the lake trout and other commercially valuable species in the lake may be found in the present condition of fish stocks in Lakes Huron and Michigan.

Other species of fish taken in weirs and traps and degree of scarring among them

Counts by species were made of fish entering 10 of the weirs and traps in Control Zone H-1 and in Pendill's Creek which flows into Lake Superior. In addition to the sea lampreys captured, a total of 79,091 fish was taken in 10 streams in Control Zone H-I3 307 fish were captured in Pendill's Creek (table I4) . Data were also collected on the numbers of lamprey-scarred suckers of several species taken in 7 streams in Zone H-1 (table 5) . Records of scarring were collected for other food and game species but these records were generally incomplete or based on too few individuals to warrant inclusion here.

From the data available it is difficult to say whether the food and game species are still declining in northwestern Lake Huron. Trap records indicate a stabilized condiLion might have been reached. 3_/ However, com- mercial fishermen report that fewer suckers and other food species were taken in their nets in 19^1 as compared with 1950. Furthermore, the inci- dence of scarring at least among the suckers, continues to rise. For example^ in 195l, 3U.6 percent of the suckers entering the Ocqueoc trap, as well as those collected in o\ir nets, were scarred. This compares with 30.0 percent in 19^0 and 25«5 percent in 19ii9 =

Some biological characteristics of the sea lamprey runs

Nearly all of the sea lampreys taken in eight streams in Control Zone H-1 were examined to detennine the sex of the individuals (table 6); similar records were made for all sea lampreys entering one tributary of Lake Suoerior, Examination of these data collected in 19^1 indicates that the sex ratio of entire runs in northern Lake Huron continues to

3/ It might be observed here that any further decline of, for example, the "suckers below the levels indicated by the weir and trap catches in the pre- ceding year^ 19^0, would have required the near disappearance of this species from adjacent areas of the lake; see Applegate and Smith (195l) •

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11

Table 6.- — Sex ratio of sea-latnprey runs in eight trib-gtaries of nortHem Lalce Huron during 1951 season

Stream	Total catch	Total for which sex detem' ned	Number of males	Kuniber of females	Ratio of males to females
Trout River, Presque Isle County	1,903	1,903	l,37i^	528	260:100
OcqueoG River, Presque Isle County	V^,393	19,322	13,9li9	5,373	26C';100
Carp Creek, Pr-esq\ie Isle Go-'jnty	1,266	1,266	901	365	21;?: 100
Grace Harbor Creek^ presque Isle County	32	32	2$	7	357:100
Milligan Creek, Presque Isle Ooiiiity	527	'621	367	160	229:100
Green Creel", Cheboygan County	785	783	$12	211	271:100
Elliott Greek, Cheboygan County	70	70	52	18	239:100
Little Black River, Cheboygaii County	913	913	S\6	268	2lil:100
To sal	2U,889	2li,8l6	17,086	6,930	258:100

12

shift toward a higher percentage of males. The rate of change^ however^ has dimirdshed appreciably from that displayed in the two preceding yeears This point is illustrated in the following records of the sex ratios of entire sea-lamprey runs entering tributaries of northern Lake Huron dur- ing the past 5 years k/t

Sex ratio

19li7o = o . o o l65 males s 100 females

19i;8. ...... o .... - o 169 males s 100 females

19^9.... 211 males ; 100 females

1950.............. 252 males s 100 females

1951=... .^..o 258 males i 100 females

The sex ratio of the run entering Pendill's Creek in the Lake Super- ior basin was 110 males s 100 females j the run in that stream in 1950 displayed a ratio of 111 males ? 100 females. This proportion of males to females among the spawning runs appears indicative of a rather re- cently established population „ Judging from what has occurred among the sea lampreys in lake Huron^ it is likely that this ratio will shift in- creasingly in favor of the males if the population increases to the levels of overabundance attained by the species in Lakes Huron and Mich- igan « The reasons for these striking shifts in sex ratio with increas- ing population density are a mystery,

Indiiddual lengths and weights of sea lampreys were recorded accord- ing to a predetermined sampling schediole from the runs in Carp Creek and the Ocqueoc Rivers 149.7 percent of the Carp Creek run and 22.0 percent of the Ocqueoc River run were measured and weighed 'tables 7j 8^ 9s ^1^"^ 10).

The range in length of U,899 migrant sea lampreys, sexes combined^ that were measured in 1951 was 10,7 to 23.7 inches. The range in weight for the same specimens was 32 to uOO grams (1.1 to lli.l ounces) . The average size, sexes combined^ differed slightly between the two runs stu- died. The average total length was l5.8 inches for the Carp Creek indivi- duals and 16,2 inches for the Ocquecc River sample. The mean weight of sea lampreys taken in Carp Creek was ll5,6 ^^rams (U.l ounces) while mi- grants from the Ocqueoc River averai,ed 132.5 grams (Ii.»6 ounces).

Comparison of the preceding averages with similar data collected since 19U7 shows a definite diminution in the size of mature spawning migrants in northern Lake Huron tributaries (table 11) , For example^ the

k/ Where data for runs in more than one stream are available in any year^ an average has been obtained for the combined runs.

13

Table 7."-Lengi^	h frequen	;i53 01 se;.	. lampieys	collen-oed.	DjTi Carp Cr	eel-c ana
the Ocqueoc Rive.r, PreLque	Isle GoTino	y, Michigan, in 1951
Midpoint of len^.h group (inches )	Carp Greeic	Ocqueoc River
Males	Females	Total	Males	Females	ToT.al
10.7		• • •	-	« • e	e 0 «	• • «
.9		• • «	• • «	1	• f e	1
11.1		• • o J	• e e	• 9 «	• • o	* • «
.3	. 0 . ... I	« • •	• e c		• • e
.5		• ■ o	» <. <«	1	1	2
.7		• • «	• • a		1	X
.9		• ■ o	• • O	2	• • «	2
12.1	1	J_	2	5	• • •	5
.3	2	• • •	2	1	2	6
.5	1	1	p	li	1	15
.7	1	...	, '^	17	2	19
o9	)•	',■)	6	26	1;	30
13.1	6	2	3	he	12	58
.3	9		12	h$	7	52
.5	19	1	20	62	11	73
.7	12 1 \	.'. S	70	25	9$
.9	15	2	17	92	20	112
ll;.l	13	J	21	125	36	161
	21		^ 1	118	hh	162
.5	2L	i	31	162	W;	206
•-7 * [	26	10	'-"o	118	lil;	162
.9	"7	1	2u	123	35	158
15.1	21	12	' ■■1 -■J	r,2	56	228
.3	18	"	25	131	U7	178
	28	12	1.0	165	54	219
.7	36	12	I:.8	121	49	170
.9	11	13	^1	104	I;2	l)i6
16.1	13	7	20	97	U7	llih
.3	12	1	19	116	Uo	156
.5	2C	3		1C7	1.3	150
.7	16	h	20	76	111	117
.9	6	6	l;^	66	33	99
17.1	15'	6		83	38	126
.3	12	2		71	41	112
.5'	Ul	-'	12	82	li6	128
.7	7		li|	49	37	86
.9	3	1.	>^	49	32	81
18.1	U		9	$9	•-,2	91
.3	U	2	6	57	27	81;
.5	li	3	7	61	35	96
.7		1.	9	k9	21	13
.9	2	£	S	34- 1	25	S9

lU

Table ? (continued)

Midpoint of		Carp Cree	k		Ocqueoc River
leneth eroup
(inches)	Mal(	2S Females	Total	Males	Females	Total
19.1	1	i 3	7	53	25	78
.3	I	1 U	8	26	25	51
.5	t	? 1	6	37	19	56
.7		L 2	3	25	18	li3
.9	• •	k • • o	tt • 9	25	12	37
20.1		? 1	3	19	lii	33
.3	• •	3	3	13	8 •	21
.5		009	2	18	10	28
.7	• •	2		15	7	22
.9		1	2	6	8	m
21.1		• • 0	1	3	5	8
.3	• • «			« • •	1	I4	5
.5					• • •	1	1	2
.7					• OB	2	2	u
.9					■ « •	3	1	li
22.1					• • •		• • «
.3					e • •
.5					• • •
.7
.9					• • •
23.1					• • 0
.3					• • 0
.5					« • •
.7					• • •	1			1
Total	w.	> 18U	629	3,033	1,237	1,270
Mean length	is.t	S 16,2	15.8	16.0	16.6	16.2
Standard
deviation	+ IM	3 + 1.7li	+ 1.70	+ 1.87	+ 1.93	+ 1.91

15

Tabj-e S. — ^Yifeight frequency of sea lamprey.- collect eo. in 0££p G^eek and the~0cque"oc River ~Fresqtxe Isl^ County, Michigan in 1951

Weight	Carp	Greek	/•	Dcquecc River
1 'rTr.p''*'i;'p ■
(g-.'am.s) Us	Lies Feir	lal	.es Tot;:'2	Mal-;s	Females	Total
30 - 39	1	• «	-	• • a	• • •	• 6 0
ho - h9	3	• •	'."*,		2	7
SO -59	6	2	u	33	'7 1	Uo
60 - 69	27	6	33	122	21	li-U
70 - 19	56	9	65	259	74	333
80 - 89	66	2lj	\ 90	337	87	U2I:.
90 - 99	5U	23	11	373	ni	U8li
100 - 109	53	23	8.:	333	102	435
TLO " 119	39	li	55'	233	85	318
120 - 129	3$	in	ii6	22k	81	305
130 - 139	23	11	3^	165	86	251
]i;0 - lLv9	lU	s	23	135	66	201
150 " 159	13		16	121..	57	181
160 - 169	3	I	t 12	i:.o	50	160
170 - 179	5	e	13	86	60	:iii6
180 - 189	9	c	' lo	100	56	156
19c - 199	1 4	I	1- !-•	70	L9	119
200 - 209	2		i 5	60	U	101
210 " 219	u	■/	' 11	59	33	92
220 - 229	3	■	1,	52	"7	89
250 - 239	9		J 5	38	33	^i
2li.0 - 21^9	i	c	> 6	32	24	5S
25c - 259	2	]	3	28	27	55
260 -- 269	h	• 3	* +	23	13	36
270 - 279	a «	]	1	15	9	24
28c - 289	• •	]	L 1	-3-	ri	15
290 - 299	* •	]	L 1	5	5	11
300 - 309	• e 4	• «	• £ 0	2	• • •	2
310 " 319	« «	• ,			3	''-	5
"20 -• :-.29	• • *	, 4			1	• * 0	-1
33c - 339	• • <	• 1			n_	2	3
3hO " 3h$	• «	0			• • •	• • •
350 - 3S9	» • •	« <				. 0	• • •	• • •
360 - 369	> e •	» • <				• «	• • •	» ■ •
370 - 379	k • •	1 • <				.. ,	1 • • •	« v «
330 - 339	» • «	•					• • •
390 - 399	» • •	» •				. .	• « •	• •* •
Uoo - 409	» • •	> •				k 0 •	1	1 ^ <. . .
Total.3 \	4Jt2 :	L8:	I 624	3,033	1237 i U,270 IU6.9 132.5
Mear: -yjeight 11(	3.8 12(	3.:	3 115.6	123.3
303X1(13111					' \
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t— OJOtTNOvOOOOvOO	rHOOIAOvOCVOOO-3 _:} m CM rH CM r-v	o	c~-o	CA O	o o CM	CNO cnCNJ H H vO
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Average weigjit (grams)
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Number of specimens
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25

Table 11. — Average lengths aiid average weights of samples of

sea lampreys taken in Carp Creek and the Qcqueoc RLver.,

Pre s que Isle County, "^^higan, by years, 19U7-19J1

Stream and year	MaZ	-63	Females	<^cf and ?2
	Average	Average	Average	Average	Average	Average
	length	weight	length	weight	length	■weight
Carp Creek:
19i;7y	17. U	131.6	17. U	186.6	17..^	• • •
19181/	16.7	« • •	16.9	• • •	16.8	• • «
19U9i/	16.9	• • •	17»U	• « •	17.1	• • »
1950	I6,h	• « •	16,9	* • d	16„5	• • «
1951	15.6	110.8	16.2	128.3	15.8	115.6
Qcqueoc River:
19U7i/	£/l6.2	« • •	i''l6.3	« • «	• e •	o • »
19U9i/	17,0	• • •	17.2	• • •	17.1	« • «
1950	16. U	• • •	16 = 7	• • •	16.5	r • •
1951	16.0	123.3	16.6	m6.9	16.2	132.5

1/ Applegate, 195C.

2/ Sample selective for smaller individuals; see Applegate (1950).

26

Table 12, — Daily minimum, maximum, and mean water temperatures (°F.) and water

gauge readings (feet) fc	r the Ocqueoc River	• (Presque Isle County, Michigan)
ivith mean air	temperature and wind ax.d we	ather records for one looa±xo7.
			April 12 ■- August"	6, 1951
Date	Water temperature^:/	Water 0 /	Mea_n air tempera-	Siqr	Weather
1951	Min,		Max.	Wind
		Mean		gauge£/	tare
April 12	iiO	U0.5	Ui.	1.7	ii2,5	Overcast	Rain	Light
13	liO	Jil,0	ii2	2.U	ii3.0	II	Lt. rain	ft
Hi	lo	lil.O	li2	2.8	Lo.o	II	Fair	11
15	Uo	Ui.o	li2	2.5	kl,0	M	Snow	Moderate
16	33	39.5	liO	2.2	38.0	It	II	Li^t
17	39	39.5	liO	1.9	40,0	II	II	11
18	38	38,5	39	1.7	3S.S	II	Fair	II
19	38	39.S	hx	1.6	L;6,0	Ptly. o^cast	II	Calm
20	37	3Q.S	iiO	1.7	h2.S	Clear	II	II
21	37	38.0	39	1.7	y.^s	Overcast	Snow	Light
22	39	39.0	39	1.5	IiJ.O	11	Lt. rain	ft
23	38	UO.O	U2	1.9	hS6	Ptly. o'cast	Fair	Strong
2U	39	iiO.O	lil	1.7	iut.O	II	II	Light
25	Uo	iiO.5	Ul	1.5	i£.v9^	Overcast	Fog	Calm
26	iiO	U2,5	U5	1.7	5o.o	Clear	Fair	Light
27	JiO	ii3.o	U6	1.8	S3S	II	II	If
28	li5	li8.5	52	1.7	71.5	II	II	It
m	li8	50.0	52	1.7	60.5	Ptly. o'cast	11	ft
30	51	53.5	56	1.5	SS.o	Clear	It	Moderate
May 1	S3	SS,S	58	1.5	62. S	Clear	Fair	Light
2	9x	56.0	58	1.5	60. S	Ptly, o'cast	II	II
3	53	51i.o	SS	i.U	50.0	Overcast	Lt. rain	It
U	S3	SS^S	58	1.5	55.0	Clear	Fair	II
c'	S3	55.0	57	1.5	56.5	Overcast	It	Calm
6	S3	ss.s	58	1.5	56.0	Ptly. o'cast	II	Light
7	52	SS-S	S9	1.7	60.5	Clear	II	Moderate
8	S3	Sl.S	62	1.7	67,0	Ptly. o'cast	II	light
9	Sh	57.0	60	1.6	Sk.S	Overcast	It	It
10	S3	56.0	S9	l..)4	iiS.O	Clear	It	"
11	S3	56.0	S9	1.5	53,0	Ptly. o'cast	H	It
12	52	56.0	60	1,5	S2,S	Overcast	II	II -
13	51	5ii.5	60	1.5	ii7.0	Clear	tl	II
Hi	S3	58,5	Sh	1.5	63.5	Clear	II	II
15	58	61.5	es	1,5	67.5	Ptly. o'cast	tr	Moderate
16	57	59.0	61	1.5	51.5	Overcast	Lt. rain	Calm
17	56	60.0	61i	i.li	h.9.0	Clear	Fair	Light
18	S6	60.5	es	i.li	55.0	Ptly, o'cast	II	It
19	S9	63.5	68	i.ii	66.0	Clear	11	II
20	62	61i.o	66	1.5	64.5	Ptly, o'cast	II	II
21	61	65.5	70	1.5	63.0	II	II	It
22	S9	61.0	63	1.5	50.5	Overcast	II	Calm

27

Table '12, (continued

Date	Water	temperabrjT'sV	Water	Mean air tempera- ±v:rz-.		tir_ . j_ t	Wind
1551	te-r_.	Mean	Wiir.	SKy weaklier
May 23	57	62.0	67		h9.$	' L/lo<ir	Fair-	Light
2li	60	63.5	67	1.?	66.b	Overcast	(!	!l
25	60	65.0	70	1.6	70.5	Clear	f!	Moderate
26	63	66.5		-L.O	t'i.O	Pt>lyo o'cast	II	li^t
27	63	65.0	o7	J. 6	c-r. ::"	Over:;ast	•'	It
28	62	63.0	6U	1.6	52.0	Overcast Lt. rain	Cfl'iTn
29	60	6Ii.O	68	1.6	ec'.o	Pt'ly. o'cast Fai.x-	Light
30	60	66.0	7i	1.5	6$.0	Clea:r' _	tJ	IT
31	61	65,0	69	1.0	$Q.$	Fcly. o'cast	tl	t(
June 1	61	63.0	65	1.6		Overcast	- Fai'"	Calm
2	60	62.0	6k	l.£	53.C	«<	It	Moderate
3	60	62.5	6$	1,6		i!	1;	Light
1 4	58	6C.5	63	l.V	k:.^:	-	II	It
5	56	61.5	67	- c -i-. ■ ^	51.0	G1&9V.	tl	«f
6	58	62.5	67	1.7	5:^.5	1:	•1	tl
7	58	62,$	67	-—• i	50.0	Ptay. 0 ' cast	tl	It
8	59	64.0	69	1.6	51.5	Cle.d::' .	tl	It
9	60	6i.0	62	1.6	17.5	O^i^ercasT.	ft	Calm
10	59	63.5	68		$e.$	Clear	!l	Moderate
IT	57	62.5	68	J. 7	^l.O	n	Ij	Li gilt
12	^9	63.0	67	•		Ptly. o'cast	It	"
13	61	6$.''.	70	1.6	57.5	Ov&rc-ast	II	IJ
"III	60	65.5	71	1.0	53.5	Cle^^r	"	ii
15	61	66.5	72	1 "	61-.5	tl	IJ	tl
16	63	67.5	72	1.6	67. C	"	"	ii
17	65	69.5	71'.	1.6	'■:-| c* ■ — e -.	Hazy 1 "	It
18	67	70.5	7ii	1.7	72.5	n \ V.	tl
19	68	69.0	70	-. •-.	6r:.0	Overcast '.'	Ca'lm
20	67	69,$	72	1.9	l''7 u	If {{ ii	Mcxisrate
21	6U	66.5	69	2,1	60.0	Cle:^::- j "	Light
22	6)4	66.5	69	... ,	57.C	Overc'-ast | I'	fi
23	63	68.0	73	-; P	65.^^	Gleai" "	tl
21;	6^	63.0	71	1.9	4.5	Glc-aJy Raiu	I!
25	63	67.5	72	1,8		Clear Fai v	'A
26	66	67. c	68	• • •	60 0^	... . . -	. 0 .
27	65	69.0	73	1.8	64.0	Clear Fai-.'	Light
28	66	68.0	70	1.9	62.5	0^7 er cast	CI	It
29	6U	68.0	72	1.9	63.0	Cl^aa-	ft	Moderate
30	66	69.$	73	1.9	6,.--	5!	:i	Light
July 1	6^	68.5	72			Clear	Fa,i-.-	Ii.ght
2	6ii	61;. 5	•v^	'^-^	63.5	n	.1	•1
3	6L	66.$	69 i	.1. 8	.^■7.5	ft	fi	n

26

Table

Date	Wat ex	temper	atureV	Water	Mear- air		Weather	Wind
1951	Mir.	Mear.,	Ma;:,	gauge^/	temptira- toj'e	Sky-
Ju]y k	63	6h,^	66	1.9	5i-.o	Overcast	Lt, rain	Ught
^	61	6i;.0	67	?..l	60.0	Clear	Fair-	:t
6	61	65.5	70	2.1	67.0	ti	It	(I
7	6^	67.0	70	2.1	67,0	Overcast	It	1!
8	66	68,5	71		■?'.., 0	II	It	it
9	67	71.0	75	?:.3	71.0	It	II	It
10	6''	70.0	73	2.0	63,5	It	!l	n
11	66	68.0	70	2.0	57.0	Overcast	Fair	CaJjn
12	66	70,0	7ii	2.0	6l.O	It	It	It
13	66	71.0	76	2.1	(6.0	Clear	II	Light
11;	68	73.5	79	2.1	■;U.5	It	II	Cfl'im
15	70	74.5	79	2.1	73.5	It	II	li^t
16	69	71.5	7k	2.1	99.S	Overcast	tt	n
17	67	71.0	75	2,0	01.5	Clear	It	81
18	69	72.0	75	2.0	69.0	Ptly. 0 ' cast	It	tl
19	66	68,5	71	2.0	61,5	It	It	tl
20	6U	69,0	71	2.2	63.5	Clear	It	II
21	6?	69o0	71	2.2	60 0 5	Overcast	Rain	Strong
22	67	70,5	Ik	2.1	65.5	Ptly. o'cast	Fair	Moderate
23	65	70,5	76	2.1	63,$	Clear	II	light
21;	68	73.0	78	2,1	69.5	II	It	II
25	71	7i;.5	78	2.2	-{^■^^	Ptly. o'cast	It	Moderate
26	73	76,5	80	2.3	7^.5	Clear	II	Light
27	69	71.5	7)4	2.1	60.0	Ptly. o'cast	It	ft
28	68	73.0	78	2.2	6k. 5	Clear	II	II
29	70	7U.0	78	2.2	73.5	Ptly. o'cast	n	II
30	72	7U.5	77	2.2	7U.5	11	It	•1
31	72	75.0	78	2.1	YCO	It	II	II
Aug. 1	67	71.5	?6	2.2	^r-''	Clear	Fair	Moderate
2	69	71.0	7?	2.1	68 a 5	Ptly. 0 ' cast	It	Light
J'	67	70,5	7U	2.3	56.0	«	It	Strong
h	61	68,5	73	2.2	9j,o	ti	tt	Calm
K	65	69.5	7li	2,2		Clear	tt	II
6	67	68.5	70	2.3	6Jl.p	Overcast	tt	Light,

1/ Thermograph station at -vveir

2/ Water-gauge readings are absolute depths in feet across the deck of weir

TaLle 13."

jAStailLation BX'd 'jpei'-ation of five tuiits of e>q?erir-entaJ control stru'c^ui'3F~'i^~-at9d~in 1950 and 1951 1/

'IW'

i9Fr

Operational -unit

IrJ.-bial I;

i installLation i Annual acd repa^.r jj operation

Reinstallation and renair

Annual operation

I

.1 " Trout River gi-oup

(1 control struct'^-ire)

2 - Ooquuoo - Gai'p Croek g:.-oup

(2 r.r.ntrcl staructuT'e--;)

3 •■ Cheboygan group

(8 oontrcl sti.-'u.ct.ir^es)

U - Gaz-p La>:e Rive::- group (1 control stn".ctui-e.)

Control Zone R-H.

(12 control stractures ) Sub'-tota-L

S " Pendills Creek gjroup (1 stinKAvx-s)

2/

- lJ-,721

1,951

17,i;25 529

^1,053 3,172

2,793

82U

7,8ij.2

856

$321 1,096

583 220

2,220 130

Grarid total

(13 control structu;:'e3 )

17, 95U

8,698 2,350

$1,061

2,6l!l

2,260 835

6,797 55i4

7,351

1/ Does net include ccst of engineering supe:.'vision or administrative overhead

2/ Includes $12,800 for construction of perrn>iiient-type Ocqueoc River iveir and ~ traps which -w-as in;? tailed ir-. 19l!.8

30

average, to-'cal length of the runs in Carp Creek has decreased 9 percent (1,6 inches) from a maximum of 17.1!. inches in 19U7 to 1^.6 inches in 1951. In samples from both Carp Greek and the Ocqueoc River, the aver- age total length declined betvreen O08 sxid 0.9 inch in the period I9I1.9 to 19.5l-» The average \veight of migrar.ts entering Cai'p Creek has decreased about 33 percent (approximately 70 g.cmi3) during the ^--year period.

Arjy further decline in the size of mature spawning migrants -will profoimdly affect any proposed control program based on the operation of T/eirs and traps. Further reduction of 'tveir screen or grate aperatures below the l/2-inch spacing now required will create e:5rtremely difficult operational problems during spring flox.s.

The spaivning runs in Carp Creek and the Ocqueoc River in 19^1 did not differ in character or in their response to cer-t.ain factors in the environraent vary from these vane occu.';"::';j.ig in the same str-eans in pru- vioiis years. Data pertaining to the runt, in these tvro streams in 19^1 are presented in tables 9} 10, and 12; s^jnilar information for the runs occurring in 1950 has been presented by Applegate and Smith (19^1) and for the years 19l;7, 19U8, and I9U9 by Applegate (19^0) . Strict compai-i- sons of the character of the Ocqueoc River run in 19bl in relation to time of migration and response to variov.s environmental factors should not be made T/ith those runs of former years. Daily and periodic catches in this i-iver (as detailed in table IC) were strongly influenced b3- the operation of an e^rper-imental electromechanical weir and trap located below the permanent Ocqueoc River installatioxi. Experimentation with this new de\ace was carried on intermittentlly fi'om May 1 to June l5« During the periods of effective operation of the eJ.ectromechanical iveir, many or all lampreys "vvBre blocked below the electrodes and did not enter the traps in the pe;:Tiianent installation until the ele^jtrical device became 5_noperative .

New developments and further evaluation of mechanical control devi'c'-fis 5/

Barrier dams. — The experimental bar:-ier dam in the Black River, Mackinaw Coimty, Michigan, which was designed to block aiid divert spawn- ing runs of sea lampreys was rebuilt by the Michigan Department of Conser- vation during the winter of 19^0-51 (fig';"'. 3 and i;)o A trap, which was installed in the wall of the original c'am, was removed and the cur-vod steel lip attached to the face of the dan was extended further across the strear.1. These changes enabled the str-.ir/jure to handle ivith greater facil- ity the large discharge of the Black Riv'?-;r during the spring runoff.

5/Fi.ve types of mechanical control de'Ticos have been developed to date: Xl) large, permanent type weirs and tri.ps for capturing spawning i-uns, (2) and (3) portable-type iveirs for use in medium- and small-sized streams for capturing spawning runs, (li) dams ai:d inclined-screen trap units for captiiring 7/^oung, downstream migrants, aiid, (5) barrier dams for blocking and diverting spa-vming runs. The essential characteristics and the liiTiita- tions of these devices have been described in an earlier report (Applegate and Sirdth, 19^1).

31

Figure 3. — Experimental sea- lamprey barrier dam in the Black River, Mackinaw County, Mich.

Figure ^. — Glose-up of harrier dam showing overhanging, curved lip of sheet steel attached to wall of dam.

32

The dam functioned satisfactorily thi-oiighout the spring of 19pl..> blocked all laiiipreys entering the stream from reaching the spawning groxmds in that river J and, offered no significant barrier to the \ipstream migra- tions of game fishes.

Control structures of this type vrl.ll be especially usefxtL in many streams on the southwestern shore of Lal:e Superior indaich ax's cha:;'acter- ized by steep gradients and very stable substrata and -where poor access- ibility precludes the installation of devices which must be serviced daily.

Portable-type iveirs and traps. — S'^reen, trap, and bracirig units of the several portable-type weirs were operated in the streams of Control Zone H-1 and in Lal-ce Superior tributa;:;'ies in 19^1 ivith no major structural changes. Wearing quality of the original units, as designed, has been found to be excellent. Most portable-t;rpe screen and trap units appai'- ently will give from I4. to 5 years of service under reasonable stream con- ditions before any replacement becomei:- necessary.

One innovation tested in Carp Creek, Presque Isle Co-ant}'', Mich,, was the use of permanent sills, trap base, aizd abutments which were con- structed of reinforced concrete (figs. 5 and 6). This stable substruc- ture proved extremely effective. It pL'actically eliminatec' danger of undercutting or bank-cutting and provided continuous troubld-free opera- tion through a spring season of unusually high floods.

Similar concrete sills and abutments were installed in Hibbarda Creek, Door County, Wis., by the Wiscor.sin Conservation Department. This installation likewise proved to be much more effective than the wooden substructures used in previous yearr.

The specific advantages of these v:;oncrete substinictui-es appear to be as follows: (1) elimination of occasional replacement of substruc- tm-'e; (2) reduction of maintenance of substructure to a minim-om,; (3) reduction of wear on portable screen .and trap units j and, (u) reduction of operating costs through increased e.ose of -weir operation (fe-#ei' man- hours required for inspection and servicing). It would, seem, advisable, therefore, in a long-term control program to install this mo:."e stable weir and trap base in all streams where the portable-type str^ictu;.-es sz'e to be used. Although initial capital outlay vrould obviously be g:?eater tlian for similar wood substructiireE, tie advantages indiuatsd above should effect more than compensating cr/ings over a period of years.

Operating costs in 1950 and 19^1 fo"-£ Control Zone H-1 and one stream tributary to Lal-:e Superior. — Detailed records have been kept tlii'ough two seasons of~operations of the costs ino--:.rred in installing^, operating, and maintaining the 12 weirs and traps of Control Zone H-1 and the Pendills Creek iveir. Briefly, these 13 conti-ol .structures were installed at an aggregate cost of $17,95U and operated, successfully during the 19^0 sea- son for $8,698. They vrere reinstalled in 19^1 at a cost of ^2,350 and operated throughout that season for $7,35l. The cost of reinstallation in 1951 is not typical of a normal season since it includes fi,mds expended

33

in the experimental installation of reinforced concrete sills and abut- ments in Carp Creek (Unit 2). Had this additional construction been omitted, reinstallation costs would have been approximately $1,000.

The figures presented above are broken down in Table 13 where they are presented by operational units. An operational un.t is any weir and trap or group of such structures which, when geography and work load are considered can be most economically and efficiently oper- ated by a single crew of men. Unit crews consist of night and day shifts of one to four men per shift depending on the season aid the size of the unit.

The expenditures indicated here for individual operational units are believed to be representative of the costs of installing and operat- ing such units (comprised of one or more mechnical control devices) in any other similar areas in the Lake Huron and Lake Michigan basins. Gross costs in other unit geographic areas such as Control Zone H-1 will vaiy widely from the costs indicated for that Zone depending on the number of large, permanent- type weirs and traps required, the extent of the area (control zone), and the dispersion of all required control structures within the area. Operating unit costs in Control Zone H-1 will not apply, for example, in the Lake Superior basin where the accessibility of most streams requiring control devices is very poor. No data are available concerning installation and operating costs in streams in the more remote and wild areas bordering on that lake.

Figure 5. --Portable -type weir and trap in Carp Creek, Presque Isle County, Mich. , after installa- tion of permanent sills, trap base, and abutments of concrete.

34

5

3003 nrsviS

z

_l ~'0 Q. "

■ft

<i k S « S o I .

£•?;■<'

K a

« "I '

§ 5 al i Q tf ; ^SS 3

••I C

SI

18.

Literature cited

Applegatoj Vomi'-;:.

1950. Natural history of the sea lamprey (Peti-oriyzon marinus) in Michigan. U. S. Dept. of Iiit,, Fish aid midl, Serv,, Spec. Sci. Rept»: Fisheries IIo, 55: 237 PP.

Applegate, Vernon C. and Bernard R, Smith

1951. Sea lamprey spavming runs in the Great Lakes in 1950, U. S. Dept. of Int., Fish and Wildl. Serr., Spec, Sci, Rept.: Fisheries No, 6I: U9 pp.

Shetter, Da-'/id So

I9U9. A brief history of the sea lamprey problem in MLchigaii waters. Trans « Amer. Fish. Soc, Vol. 76 (?9U6), pp. I6O--I76.

List of ccmmon and scientific Black bull head

Brook stickleback

Brook trout

Brown trout

Bxirbot

Carp

Comrnon shiners

Creek chubs

Great Lakes longnose dace

Lalce chub

Lake herring

Lake trout

Logperch

Longnose sucker

Muddler

Mudniinnow

Northern pike

Pumpkinseed

Rainbow trout

Rock bass

Sea lamprey

Silver lamprey

Smallraouth bass

Smelt

Yellow perch

Walleye

Wl'iite sucker

names of fishes raent-ioned in this report iUneiurus m .. me las

Eucalia i noons cans

Salvelinus i - lontinalis

Salmo trutta

Lota 1. maculosa

Cyprinus carpio

Notropis cornutus frontalis

Seiiiotilus a. abromaculatus

Rh;michthys c, cat aractae

Couosius plunbeus

Leucichthys artedii

Salvelinus (Cristivome:-) n« naiiiaycush

Percina oaprodes

Catostomu? c. catostomus

Cottus b, bairdi

Umbra limi Esox lucias Lepomis gibbcsus Saimo gairdneri Ambloplites rupestris Pe^tromy^on mai'inus I.''.hthyom)'3on unicuspis Micropteriis d_^. dolonieui Osmerus morday Perca f laves "ens Stizostedion Vj. vitreum Catostonius Co commersoni

37

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