eee eae aes eee ¥ sa O34-3:4 1} = j e 7 =, a 7 = Lg 38 F i - = a = 2 = me 5 Memoirs of the Huseum of Comparative Sodlogn ee, ‘s AT HARVARD COLLEGE. Vol. XVIII. \* i, - REPORTS ON AN EXPLORATION OFF THE WEST COASTS OF MEXICO, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA, AND OFF THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS, -IN CHARGE OF ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, BY THE U. S. FISH COMMISSION STEAMER ‘“ ALBATROSS,” DURING 1891, LIEUT.-COMMANDER Z. L. TANNER, U.S. N., COMMANDING. XV. THE STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. — By WALTER FAXON. WITH SIXTY-SEVEN PLATES, Ten of which are colored, and one Chart. {Published by Permission of MArsnau. McDonatp, U. S. Commissioner ee of Fish and Fisheries.] 4 | Vie CAMBRIDGE, U.S. A.: Vrinted for the Museum. APRIL, 1895. se . Coa Sain \' ~e" - Pit ‘ MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY HARVARD COLLEGE. VOL. XVIII. CAMBRIDGE, U.S. A. PRINTED FOR THE MUSEUM. 1895. University Press: Joun Witson anpd Son, CamBripGr, U.S. A. CONTENTS. REPORTS ON AN EXPLORATION OFF THE WEST COASTS OF MEXICO, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA, AND OFF THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS, in charge of ALEXANDER AGassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer ‘‘ Albatross,” during 1891, Lieut.-Commander Z. L. Tanner, U. 8S. N., Commanding. XV. Tue Srack-eyeD Crustacea. By Watter Faxon. 292 pp., 67 Plates. April, 1895. ERRATA. On Plate VI., for ASTHUSA PUBESCENS read A®THUSA LATA. On Plate VII., for RHINOLITHODES CRISTATIPES read GLYPTOLITHODES CRISTATIPES. On Plate VII., for ECHINOCERUS DIOMEDE read PARALOMIS DIOMEDE. On Plate VIII, for PARALOMIS ASPERA read LEPTOLITHODES ASPER. On Plate IX., for PARALOMIS LONGIPES read IEPTOLITHODES LONGIPES. Hlemoirs of the Museum of Comparative Soologn AT HARVARD COLLEGE. Viel.) XV TE: REPORTS ON AN EXPLORATION OFF THE WEST COASTS OF MEXICO, CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA, AND OFF THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS, IN CHARGE OF ALEXANDER AGASSIZ, BY THE U. S. FISH COMMISSION STEAMER ‘ ALBATROSS,” DURING 1891, LIEUT.-COMMANDER Z. L. TANNER, U.S. N., COMMANDING. x THE STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. By WALTER FAXON. WITH SIXTY-SEVEN PLATES, Ten of which are colored, and one Chart. [Published by Permission of Marsuatt McDonatp, U. S. Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries.] CAMBRIDGH, U.S. A.: Printes for the Museum. AprIL, 1895. “xhsoniian Ings & 2a ‘ Insti “ve, AAS TA onal Museums / aa ds WY, CONTENTS. : 7 : Pace SMSTEMATIC ACCOUNT OF THE SPECIES =) 40 446) ee sao ee 5-230 IDECAPOD ANS 527 Son ech ag ee ee I a cr ee ee ee 5-215 | SCHIZOPODA\ Ss pit “carrer ee ot a ee es eet eet 21152999 STOMATOPOD AW Ay 2) Sean je ea eae OMe Ese See eee. eee 230 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS ON THE DISTRIBUTION ........ . . 231-250 CoLors OF THE DErEP-SEA C@RUSTACEA: 2. 2 6 9 «© © @ 9 «2 2 2 2 «) BOIE255 List oF SPECIES ARRANGED ACCORDING TO GEOGRAPHICAL REGions. . . . 256-259 TABLE SHOWING THE BATHYMETRICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE DIFFERENT SPECIES 260-263 REcorp oF SUBMARINE Tow-NET STATIONS .......+:. ... : 264 ReEcorD oF DREDGING AND TRAWLING STATIONS. . ...... . =. . 265,266 PI XPUANATIONS OM THE) PDATHS! | e040 ce) een ilici al sunsets suns sreme tur peEnnEZO (702) iN DE XaOnN GENER AUsAND! SPECEESH imine) Nell cnn nine ene nnn nn Cn oo—2O4 > a STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. ORDER PODOPHTHALMA. SusorpDER DECAPODA. Famity MAITID A. LEPTOPODIA Leacz. Zodlog. Mise., IT. 15, 1815. Leptopodia debilis Srn. Ann. Rep. Peabody Acad. Sci. for 1869 and 1870, p. 87, 1871. Two specimens, male and female, were collected at low tide on the reef at Panama, March 12. Leptopodia detilis is one of the many littoral Crustacea of Panama that are represented by very closely allied species on the Atlantic side of the Isthmus. It is distinguished from Leptopodia sagittaria (Fabr.), its Atlantic represen- tative, chiefly by its shorter hand, relatively longer fingers, and greater breadth across the branchial region of the carapace. The rostrum is usually shorter and inclined upward more than in ZL. sagittaria; but in the type specimen (M. C. Z. No. 3948, g, Polvon, Nicaragua), it is exceptionally long, — more than one and a half times as long as the rest of the carapace. In average specimens of Z. debilis the rostrum is about equal in length to the rest of the carapace. The difference in the form of the male abdomen in L. debilis and in Milne Edwards's figure of ZL. sagittaria (Cuvier’s Régne Animal, Disciples’ ed., Crustacea, Plate XXXVI. Fig. 1"), noted by Smith, arises from the inaccuracy of the figure, not from any real difference between the two species, which are alike in this regard. 6 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. Leptopodia debilis has been found to the northward of Panama as far as the northern extremity of the Gulf of California, lat. 31° 22’ N. A similar or possibly identical form, L. modesta A. M. Edw.,* occurs on the coast of Chile. The bathymetrical range of Leptopodia debilis, so far as known, extends from low-water mark down to 29 fathoms. JZ. sagiétaria has been recorded from as great a depth as 814 fathoms. EUPROGNATHA Srimps.. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., II. 122, 1870. Euprognatha granulata Fax. Plated, Bigs 1, 1: Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., XXIV. 149, 1893. The carapace is coarsely granulated and furnished with a few scattered setae; there are two erect blunt spines in the median line of the carapace, one of them arising from the gastric region, the other from the cardiac region ; in front of the gastric spine is seen a transverse row of four or five tubercles, which are somewhat larger and more prominent than the granules which cover the general surface of the carapace ; from the middle of each branchial area there springs a spine which is longer than those in the median line, and curved slightly forward at the tip; there is also a smaller lateral spine below and a little in advance of this; the hepatic area bears a short, blunt, granulated spine on its most prominent part, and three or four promi- nent tubercles on the angle which divides it from the pterygostomian area ; the antennal spine is very long, reaching some distance beyond the rostral horns, while the interantennular and lateral rostral horns are of about an equal length ; the supraocular spines are well developed, and, like the anten- nal spine and the three horns of the rostrum, have a distinctly granulated surface ; the postocular spines are even more coarsely tuberculated, and when viewed from above their margins are laciniated. The lower face of the basal segment of the antenna is granulated, and furnished beside with two to three spinules; the outer maxillipeds are also granulated. The sur- * A Milne Edwards, Etudes sur les Xiphosures et les Crustacés de la Région Mexicaine, p. 173, 1878 (Miss. Sci. au Mex. 5*™° Partie, T. I.). Milne Edwards treats both Z. modesta and L, debilis as varieties of L. sagittaria. + Miers, Rep. Challenger Brachyura, p. 4, 1886. SPHENOCARCINUS AGASSIZI. 7 face of the abdomen is thickly beset with larger bead-like tubercles; the first segment bears a prominent, granulated, blunt, median spine, and there is a rudiment of one on the three following segments. The chela is slender and covered with small tubercles; the other segments of the cheliped and all the ambulatory legs are provided with small spines, tubercles, and scattered curled sete. The spines attain their greatest development on the merus joints of the legs, the largest of all being on the proximal half of the merus of the chelipeds and at the distal end of the merus of the ambulatory legs. Length of carapace, 7 mm.; breadth, 6 mm. Station 3369.* 52 fathoms. 2 fem. ovig. The genus Luprognatha is represented in the West Indian region by four species (£. rastellifera Stimps., E. mermis A. M. Edw., E. gracilipes A. M. Edw., and £. acuta A. M. Edw.), from depths ranging from 27 to 248 fathoms. The present species may be distinguished from all of these by its coarsely granulated carapace and abdomen, taken in connection with the laciniated and granulated spines of the frontal region, ete. One species, Huprognatha bifida Rathb.,f has been recently described from the Gulf of California, 29-40 fathoms. It may be distinguished by the absence of an interan- tennular spine. SPHENOCARCINUS A. M. Epw. Crustacés de la Région Mex., p. 185, 1878. Sphenocarcinus agassizi Rarus. Plate I, Fig. 3, 3°. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XVI. 231, 1893. In this species the whole surface of the body and limbs is clothed with a short, close pubescence. The rostral horns are long, horizontal, and termi- nate in blunt points. A more or less broken, longitudinal, rounded ridge runs along the median line of the carapace, from the base of the rostrum to the intestinal region, rising into a prominent tubercle on the gastric area. A transverse flattened tubercle on the cardiac region, and two roundish ones on each branchial region. The antero-lateral margin of the carapace is armed with four prominent tubercles or large teeth (counting the one at the external orbital angle); these teeth increase in size successively from * A full record of the stations will be found on pp. 264-266. + Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XVI. 231, 1893. 8 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. the first to the last one. The upper margin of the orbit is thickened and produced into a blunt preocular tooth. The outer margin of the pterygo- stomian region is furnished with two or three rounded tubercles. The merus of the chelipeds has two short spines at the proximal end on the superior border and one at the distal extremity ; otherwise the limbs are unarmed; the fingers of the chela are short, gape slightly at the base, and have blunt tips; no teeth on cutting edges. Length of carapace, including rostrum, 39 mm.; length of rostrum, 16 mm.; breadth of carapace, including lateral teeth, 28 mm. Station 3368. 66 fathoms. 1 male. Sphenocarcinus corrosus A. M. Edw., the type of this genus, was taken near the Barbadoes in 100 fathoms during the voyage of the “ Hassler,” and near The two specimens secured the same locality in 94 fathoms by the “ Blake.’ are females. In S. agassizi there is a blunt preeocular tooth, wanting in the typical species. The ends of the rostral horns do not lie in exactly the same plane in the single example before me, but this is probably due to accidental malformation. The abdomen (male) is seven-jointed. In both species there is a narrow fissure in the upper margin of the orbit, just anterior to the postocular tooth. Sphenocarcinus agassizi was also obtained by the “ Albatross” in 1889, in the Gulf of California, at depths of 14 and 71 fathoms. ANAMATHIA Smiru. Amathia Roux, Crustacés de la Méditerranée, 1** Livr., 1828 (om. preoc.). Anamathia Situ, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., VII. 498, 1884. Anamathia occidentalis Fax. Plate I, Fig. 2; 2. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 150, 1893. ° Carapace piriform, strongly arched when viewed in profile, its surface clothed with tuberculiform cutaneous vesicles * and with delicate setae which are hooked at their tips. The spines and tubercles of the carapace are arranged as follows: four on the gastric region, two of which are in the median line and one on each side; the posterior median has the form of a blunt tubercle, from which a blunt low keel runs back to the cardiac region ; * Like those on the carapace of Anamathia carpenteri (Norman), described and figured by G. O. Sars, Norske Nordhavs-Exped., Crustacea, I. 7, Plate I. Fig. 7, 1885. ANAMATHIA OCCIDENTALIS. 9 one in the middle of the cardiac region; one (tubercle) on the intestinal region; one on each hepatic region; five on each branchial region. Of the branchial spines the one near the middle projects upward and forward, and is the longest spine on the carapace, being one half as long as the rostral horns; behind and inside of this there is a short, rather blunt spine in a transverse line with its fellow and the cardiac spine; the three remaining branchial spines are arranged in a triangle on the anterior part of the branchial area; those nearest the median line on the branchial areas are short and blunt — tubercles rather than spines. In addition to these promi- nent spines and tubercles of the carapace, there are four or five small tubercles on the outer border of the pterygostomian region. The rostrum is produced into two divergent awl-shaped horns, which are more than one fourth the length of the remaining portion of the carapace. The pre- ocular spines are well developed and acute, the postocular processes obtuse. The basal segment of the antenna projects at the antero-external angle in the form of a short, blunt spine or tubercle. The antero-external angle of the buccal area projects, but does not form a dentiform process. The cheli- peds are twice as long as the carapace, minus the rostral horns, and are but little more robust than the ambulatory limbs; the chela is a little longer than the merus, the basal part cylindrical, the distal part gradually widening a little to the base of the fingers; the fingers are slightly curved, less than one half as long as the basal portion, smooth, prehensile edges regularly dentate, closing throughout their length. The first ambulatory appendages exceed the chelipeds by the length of the terminal joint; the other pairs are successively shorter, the last pair being shorter than the chelipeds. The merus of all the legs has a small tubercular projection at the distal end above, most prominent on the anterior pair. The carpus of the chelipeds has two low ridges on the outer face; otherwise the legs are unarmed, but they are closely invested with minute papille, like the carapace. The abdomen is seven-jointed. Length of carapace, without the rostral horns, 45 mm.; breadth of cara- pace, 38 mm.; length of rostral horns, 12 mm. ; length of longest branchial spine, 7 mm. Station 3404. 385 fathoms. 1 male. In the unique type specimen, the left hind leg has been broken off and restored. The chelipeds and the first pair of ambulatory appendages are unsymmetrical, the left being longer than the right. 9 “a 10 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. The name Anamathia has been substituted by Professor S. I. Smith for Amathia Roux, as the latter name had been previously used in another sense by Lamouroux. The type species of the genus is Amathia rissoana Roux from the Mediterranean Sea. Nine other species have been referred to the genus, viz.: A. hystrix Stimps., A. modesta Stimps., Scyra wnbonata Stimps., A. crassa A. M. Edw. (= A. agassizii Smith), A, tanneri Smith, — all from the east coast of North America and the Caribbean Sea, — A. carpenteri Norman from the coast of Europe, A. pulchra Miers from the Philippine Islands, A. livermorti. W.-M. from the Bay of Bengal, and A. occidentalis Fax. from near the Galapagos Archipelago. Most of them have been taken in rather deep water (88 to 561 fathoms). When all these species are compared with each other, considerable differences are observable as regards the structure of the orbital region, the armature of the basal antennal segment and the carapace, etc. In the typical species, A. r7ssoana, the upper surface of the carapace is rather flat, and armed with long, sharp spines; the basal anten- nal segment is unarmed; the upper margin of the orbit projects but slightly over the eye, and there is no preocular spine. In A. hystrix the carapace is more convex both in the longitudinal and transverse axes, and is armed with very long sharp spines; the basal antennal segment is produced into a blunt spine or tooth at its antero-external angle; the supraorbital margin or brow overhangs the orbit no more than it does in A, rissoana, but there is a long and sharp preocular spine. In A. crassa the carapace is strongly arched, and the spines with which it is furnished are short; the basal seg- ment of the antenna is armed with two spines, one at the distal, the other near the proximal end; there is a preocular spine, and the upper border of the orbit beetles further over the eye than it does in A. rissoana and A. hystrix, but still falls short of forming that perfect roof bounded behind by an almost transverse fissure, such as is seen in the typical species of Fyastenus and Navia, In A. umbonata, A. carpentert, and A. occidentalis, the conformation of the orbits and the convexity of the carapace are much the same as in A. crassa, but the basal joint of the antenna is unarmed, and in the two former (wnbonata and carpenteri) some of the spines of the carapace are transformed into flattened tubercles. For these two species A. Milne Kdwards * has proposed to establish a new genus Scyramathia. G. O. Sars t adopts the genus Scyramathia, and adds to it Amathia crassa. He places the genus in the Maiine group, in close proximity to Hyastenus. * Comptes Rendus de l’Acad. Sci., Paris, XCI. 356, 1880. + Norske Nordhavs-Exped., Crustacea, I. 1, 274, 1885. MAIOPSIS. ll The orbital region of A. hystrix does not differ from that of A. rissoana but for the presence of a prxocular spine, a character which by itself cannot be considered of generic importance, as Mr. Miers admits.* Through hystria we pass by a gentle transition to such species as wmbonata, carpenteri, and crassa (species placed in the genus Seyramathia), in which the orbit is better defined through the projection of the brow. Thus the passage from the Inachine to the Maiine type is so gradual as hardly to justify a family division such as is proposed by Mr. Miers.t In the series of species, all of which are assigned to the genus Anamathia, family Inachidw, by Mr. Miers ¢ (rissoana, hystrix, pulchra, crassa), we pass from the strictly Inachine orbit of rissoana to an orbit like that of crassa, which is practically the same as that of Chorilia longipes, a species assigned by Miers to the genus Hyastenus in the family Maide. The orbital region is subject to a great amount of variation even in a single species (A. wnbonata), so that within the bounds of mere individual variation the passage is made from the Inachine to the Maiine type of orbit as exhibited in Chorilia. § MAIOPSIS Fax. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 150, 1893. Carapace subtriangular, as broad as long, spinose; rostrum produced anteriorly into two divergent horns with an accessory spine upon their outer margins; interorbital space broad. Kyes small, eyestalks slender, retractile within the orbits. Orbits large, with a forward aspect, incomplete below, the upper margin prominent, with two deep fissures, and supraocular spines. Epistome short. Basal segment of antenne very broad, with three prominent spines upon its anterior margin ; flagellum of the antenne widely separated from the cavity of the orbit by a broad process of the basal seg- ment. Merus of outer maxillipeds notched at the antero-internal angle. Legs of moderate length ; carpus of chelipeds elongated, not carinated ; chela elongated and slender, fingers canaliculate within, but not spoon-shaped at their tips, their prehensile edges meeting throughout most of their length, * Journ, Linn. Soc. London, Zodl., XIV. 658, 1879. + Op. cit., p. 640. ¢ Challenger Brachyura, p. 26, 1886. § See M. J. Rathbun, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XVII. 61, 62, Plate I, 1894. Cf. Fig. 3 (orbit of A. umbonata) with Fig. 1 (also 4. wmbonata), and then ef. Fig. 1 with Fig. 5 (Chorilia longipes). 12 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. _ not distinctly toothed; ambulatory legs spinose. Abdomen (male) seven- jointed, terminal joint short and broad. This genus is proposed for the reception of an interesting Maioid dredged in 182 fathoms on the west coast of the Isthmus of Panama. It combines in one form characters of the genera Maia, Cyclumaia, Paramithrax (subg. Leptomithrax), and Schizophrys. In its general aspect it bears a close resemblance to Maia, and the likeness is enhanced by the small eyes and slender eye-stalks, the elongated wrist and hand, and the short epistome. It differs from Maia in having a much broader carapace, a less deeply cloven rostrum, spinose legs, supraocular spines, and trenchantly in the exclusion of the antennal flagellum from the orbit by a process of the basal segment of the antenna. In the latter regard it agrees with the genus Cyclomaia, the basal segment of the antenna being very broad, three-spined on its distal border, and giving off a process which separates the flagellum from the orbit by a wide interval; it also agrees with Cyclomaia in having a short epistome, a short and broad terminal abdominal segment, and supraocular spines. It differs from Cyclonaa by having a subtriangular carapace, longer rostral spines, and a less abruptly declivous front. It is like Paramihrax and Schizo- parys in the exclusion of the basal antennal segment from the orbit, but this segment is much broader than in these genera, and three-spined ; moreover, Maiopsis differs from Paramithrax and Schizophrys in having a more broadly triangular carapace, supraocular spines, slenderer wrist and hand, less deeply cleft rostrum, and spinose ambulatory legs. Like Schizophrys and Maiella, it has an accessory spine on each rostral horn. In the shape of the carapace Muaiopsis is intermediate between Maia and Cyclomaia. In the form of the fingers it stands between Maia and Paramithrax on the one side and Schizo- phrys and Cyclomaia on the other, as the fingers, though canaliculate within, are but slightly excavated at the tips. The synthetic character of the species upon which this genus is based suggests the propriety of extending the scope of the genus Paramithrax so that it may embrace this form, together with Cyclomaia and Schizophrys. MAIOPSIS PANAMENSIS. 13 Maiopsis panamensis Fax. Plate I. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XXIV. 151, 1893. Carapace subtriangular, as broad as long, convex, the anterior gastric region sloping rather abruptly down to the base of the rostrum, which is split about half way down to the front into two divergent horns; each ros- tral horn is armed with a stout basal spine directed upward and forward. The dorsal surface of the carapace is thickly set with spines of various sizes, and scattered hooked set ; the largest spines are arranged as follows: five on the gastric region (three in the median line and two lateral), one on the geni- tal region, one on the cardiac region, four (three of which are submarginal) on the intestinal region, and about seven on each branchial region. The margin of the carapace is armed with about twelve prominent spines; three of these are on the hepatic region ; the posterior one is much smaller than the two in front of it, which are confluent at their bases. The superior mar- gin of the orbit is deeply cut by two open fissures; the eyebrow is armed with two stout spines. The branchio-cardiac lines approach one another closely at the anterior end of the cardiac area. The basal segment of the antenn is very broad; its distal margin is armed with a strong internal spine directed downward and forward; a second spine, pointing obliquely forward, arises from the external angle ; while a third bifid spine lies between the other two; there are, besides, a few spinules on the lower side of this segment. The anterior margin of the third segment of the outer maxillipeds is denticulate. The sternum is ornamented with small tubercles along each side of the abdomen. ‘The first abdominal segment is furnished with a bidentate tubercle. The legs are long, and covered with numerous spiny tubercles; the meri are armed with three more prominent spines at the distal end. The first ambulatory leg is the longest, the others decreasing in length successively from before backward. The carpus of all the four pairs of ambulatory appendages is marked with a dorsal longitudinal groove. The chela is long and slender, the tubercles on the hand smaller than on the other parts of the legs, while the fingers are nearly smooth, subcanaliculate, and blunt-tipped ; a deep pit is seen at the base of the movable finger. Length from base of rostrum to posterior margin of carapace, 112 mm. ; 14 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. breadth, 113.5 mm.; length of rostrum, 22 mm.; length of rostral horns, 11 mm.; breadth between eyebrows, 38 mm. ; length of cheliped, 156 mm. (merus, 44.5 mm.; carpus, 25 mm. ; propodus, 67 mm. ; dactylus, 25 mm.) ; length of second leg (first ambulatory), 195 mm. (merus, 62 mm., carpus, 32 mm. ; propodus, 40 mm., dactylus, 44 mm.) ; width of sternum, 72 mm. ; length of telson, 8.7 mm.; width of telson, 16.5 mm. Station 3355. 182 fathoms. 1 male. Famity PARTHENOPID &. LAMBRUS Leacu. rans. Linn. Soc. London, XI. 308, 310, 1815. Lambrus hassleri Fax. Pinte TH, hige lets: Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 152, 1893. The carapace is from one and a third to one and two fifths times as broad as long. A deep longitudinal depression separates the branchial from the gastric and cardiac regions and another separates the hepatic and branchial regions. The whole surface is tuberculous, granulated, and pitted. There are three large tubercles on the gastric region, one median and two smaller ones in a transverse line in front of the median. Three tubercles are found on the cardiac region in the median line, the middle one the largest. On the posterior margin there are three tubercles with smaller ones between them ; the three larger ones are placed, one in the middle line of the cara- pace, one on each side. The largest of the numerous tubercles which lie on the gastric area is placed on the most prominent central point; four or five smaller ones are disposed in a somewhat irregular diagonal row on the side of the deep depression which divides the branchial from the cardiac area. The rostrum is directed forward and downward at an obtuse angle with the axis of the body; it is constricted in front of the antennular pockets, leav- ing a dentiform tubercle on each side; there is also, in most examples, a rudimentary tubercle on each side of the rostrum near the tip; the upper side of the rostrum is excavated between the eyes. The upper border of the orbits exhibits two tubercles. The antero-lateral border of the cara- pace is armed anteriorly with rounded tubercles which pass into prominent LAMBRUS HASSLERI. 15 laciniated teeth posteriorly ; the largest of these teeth is situate at the lateral angle of the carapace. There is one very prominent tooth on the postero- lateral margin, together with three or four smaller ones, The edges of the segments of the chelipeds are furnished with granulated spines and the ex- posed surfaces of all the segments are tuberculate ; on the lower face of the propodus the more prominent tubercles are arranged in a longitudinal median row. The merus joints of all the ambulatory appendages are spinulose on their upper and lower edges, and on the last pair there are also a few rudimentary spines or tubercles on the carpus and one near the middle of the upper margin of the propodus. Distinct traces of red transverse bands are to be seen on the upper surface of the cheliped, two on the merus, one on the carpus, one on the propodus, and one on the base of the dactylus. Abdomen tuberculous in both sexes, the most prominent tubercles being on the middle of each segment from the second to the sixth inclusive. Dimensions of a female: length of carapace, 27 mm.; breadth of cara- pace, including lateral teeth, 38 mm.; length of merus of cheliped, 30 mm. ; length of propodus of cheliped (to base of dactylus), 33 mm. Station 3368. 66 fathoms. 1 fem. a By, teil) Ge 1 male, 1 fem. This species was previously obtained during the voyage of the “ Hassler” at Magdalena Bay, Lower California, August 14, 1872. The specimens then collected (3 ¢, 1 2°, dry) were apparently picked up dead on the shore. In three of these examples the more prominent tubercles on the carapace are longer and more spine-like than in those obtained by the “ Albatross.” Lambrus hassleri is the Pacific coast representative of L. pourtalesw Stimps. of the eastern coast of North America. The two species are very closely related, but Z. hass/er? differs from the eastern form in the following par- ticulars: the carapace is broader in proportion to its length ; the branchial regions are more expanded and inflated, and this inflation extends further in toward the cardiac area, so as to involve the oblique row of small tuber- cles: that is to say, this row of tubercles, which in L. pourtalesii es low down in the fossa which separates the branchial from the cardiac area, is raised up in L. hassleri on the swell of the branchial region. The spines on the edges of the chelipeds, moreover, are not laciniated to such an extent as they are in L. pourtalesii. Professor S. I. Smith, misled by imperfections in A. Milne Edwards’s figure of L. pourtalesii, has redescribed that species under the name of Lambrus ver- 16 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. rillii.* 1 have compared specimens of L. pourtalesu dredged by Stimpson and A. Agassiz (specimens that served Milne Edwards for description and figures) with specimens of LZ. verrillii received from Professor Smith, and find them to be the same. JZ. pourtalesii has been taken at depths of 40-134 fathoms off Martha’s Vineyard, Cape Hatteras, Florida, and the Antilles. Famity CANCRIDA. CANCER Lup. (restr.). Syst. Nat. ed. 10, I. 625, 1788. Restricted by Leacu, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, XI. 308, 320, 1815. Cancer longipes Bett. Proe. Zodlog. Soe. London, III. 87, 1835; Trans. Zodlog. Soc. London, I. 337, Plates XLIIT., XLVII. Fig. 1, 1835. Station 3385. 286 fathoms. 4 males. ce 3389. 210 e 1 male, 1 fem. The largest specimen measures 137 mm. across the carapace. Cancer longipes has been known hitherto as a littoral species from Chile (Valparaiso) and Bolivia (Mexillones: specimens in Mus. Comp. Zoil.). The “ Albatross ” specimens were dredged in the Bay of Panama; bottom tem- peratures 45.9° F. and 48.8° F. So Cancer borealis Stimps. of the northeastern coast of the United States and the British Provinces has been dredged in deep water (235 fathoms) off the coast of South Carolina, far to the south of its normal littoral range.t ACTAGA De Haan. Siebold’s Fauna Japonica, Crustacea, p. 18, 1833. Actza dovii Srimes. Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y., X. 104, 1871. One male, from the reef at Panama. * Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., III. 415, 1881. + See Smith, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., X. 5, 1882. XANTHODES SULCATUS. ily) GLYPTOXANTHUS A. M. Epvw. Crustacés de la Région Mex., p. 253, 1879. Glyptoxanthus labyrinthicus (Srmrs.). Actea labyrinthica Stimes., Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., VII. 204, 1860. Glyptoxanthus labyrinthicus A. M. Epw., Crustacés de la Région Mex., p. 255, Plate XLII. Fig. 4, 1879. One male, from the reef at Panama. XANTHODES Dana. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., VI. 75, 1852; U.S. Explor. Exped , Crustacea, Pt. I., pp. 148, 175, 1852. Xanthodes sulcatus Fax. Plate LII., Fig. 2, 2. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 152, 1893. The carapace is rather convex from before backward, granulated, the granulation heaviest on the lower surface and near the borders of the upper surface. Deeply impressed grooves separate the gastric from the branchial regions, and the mesogastric lobe from the lateral gastric lobes. The groove which continues in the median line to the front, anteriorly to the meso- gastric lobe, is crossed a short distance behind the frontal margin by a trans- verse groove which meets on either side another groove running parallel to the upper margin of the orbit. In this way there are marked off a pair of frontal and a pair of orbital areolets. The frontal margin is nearly straight, finely denticulated and separated from the orbital areolets by a groove. The margins of the orbit are also minutely denticulate, and there is a broadly open, triangular notch at the external orbital angle. The antero-lateral border of the carapace is armed with four spines or teeth, ENTS of Dana’s nomenclature, there being no tooth at the outer angle of the orbit; of these teeth, the first is the smallest, the third the largest, and the second and fourth are of about equal size; the edges of all the teeth are denticulate. The lower margin of the orbit is produced into a prominent tooth at the inner angle. The basal joint of the antenna barely meets, by the inner angle of its distal end, a descending process of the frontal margin, and the next joint lies in, but does not nearly fill, the hiatus at the inner orbital angle. The merus of the outer maxillipeds is granulated like the under parts of the carapace. The chelipeds are short and unsymmetrical; the 3 18 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. merus is granulated on its outer face, spinulose on the upper edge, and grooved near the articulation with the carpus; the carpus is granulated on its outer side and furnished with a median internal tooth; the propodus is inflated, granular along the superior margin and at the proximal end of the outer face where some of the granules are enlarged, and tubercular on the larger claw; the rest of the outer surface of the propodus is smooth in adult specimens. The meri of the ambulatory limbs are spinulose on their upper edges. Dimensions of a male: length of carapace, 8 mm.; breadth of cara- pace, 11 mm.; length of larger chela, 10 mm.; breadth of larger chela, 5 mm. Station 3355. 182 fathoms. 1 male, 1 fem. cS ooulee 1o3> 1 male, 3 fem. PANOPEUS M. Epw. Hist. Nat. Crust., I. 403, 1834. Panopeus latus Fax. Plate III, Fig. 3, 3°. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XXIV. 153, 1893. Carapace broad, convex in the antero-posterior direction, granulated, especially on the hepatic, branchial, and cardiac regions; areolations well marked and protuberant. Front divided by a small median incision into two slightly convex lobes whose edges are simple and not produced into teeth at the lateral angles. Antero-lateral margin cut into five teeth; postocular tooth small, separated from the second tooth by a shallow granulated sinus ; the third tooth is the broadest, and rounded off at the apex; the fourth is the most salient, and acute; the fifth is very small and acute; all the teeth have crenate or else spinulose margins. The margin of the orbit is minutely crenulate ; its upper part is marked by two closed fissures; the external hiatus of the orbit has the form of a triangular notch ; the lower margin is produced to form an obtuse tooth at the inner angle. The subhepatic region is granulous, but not provided with a tub- ercle. The merus of the third pair of maxillipeds is also granulated. The carpus of the chelipeds is rough with small tubercles, grooved along the distal margin of the outer side, and armed internally with a small blunt PANOPEUS TANNERI. 19 tooth ; the hands are robust, inflated, smooth, except near their articulation with the carpus, where scattering granules appear; upper and lower margins rounded ; fingers long, down-curved, smooth, canaliculate, their cutting edges irregularly armed with small and rather sharp teeth, without any prominent basal tooth ; when closed the fingers are separated by a slight gap, and their tips cross one another ; the color of the fingers in alcoholic specimens is very light brown. The chele of the right and left sides are unequal in size, but similar in shape. The ambulatory appendages are setose, their merus joints furnished with small teeth along their upper edges. The seventh segment of the sternum in the male is entirely concealed by the base of the abdomen. The coxe of the fifth pair of legs are in contact with the third abdominal segment. The penultimate segment of the abdomen has concave sides, the terminal segment is broad and rounded. Length of carapace, 6.5 mm. ; breadth of carapace, 10.25 mm. Station 3597. 85 fathoms. 1 male. In this species the carapace is short, the posterior margin wider than usual in the genus. In its general aspect it recalls P. xanthiformis A. M. Edw.; the meri of the ambulatory legs are denticulated on their upper margins as in xanthiformis, but in datus the carapace is much broader and more convex in an antero-posterior sense, the front is less prominent and is destitute of lobes at the lateral angles; the carpal tooth is blunt, etc. Panopeus tanneri Fax. Plate IIL, Fig. 4, 4. Micropanope polita Ratus., Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XVI. 238, 1893. Panopeus tannert Fax., Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 154, 1893. Carapace moderately convex both lengthwise and transversely, smooth and polished in the central and hinder parts, coarsely granular on the ante- rior gastric and hepatic regions. The gastric and hepatic areas are well marked off by depressions. Front nearly straight, divided by a median tri- angular fissure, and projecting as a blunt tooth at each lateral angle; a double edge is formed by a groove which runs along the front, the lower edge projecting further forward than the upper edge; both upper and lower edges are finely granulate. The antero-lateral margins of the carapace are cut into triangular teeth; the first and second of these teeth are small, coa- lesced, connected by a shallow sinus; the third and fourth are of about an 20 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. equal size; the fifth is much smaller; all the teeth are granulous on their an- terior border, smooth on their posterior border; the depressions between the third and fourth and the fourth and fifth teeth are continued in as furrows for some distance on the carapace, finally uniting and meeting the cervical furrow. The upper margin of the orbit forms a tooth at the inner angle above and outside of the external marginal tooth of the front; there is a closed fissure near the middle of the superior orbital border; the external fissure is a triangular notch; a blunt tooth at the mner angle of the lower margin. ‘There is no subhepatic tubercle. A transverse row of tubercles on the front of the eye-stalk (when viewed retracted within the orbit) just inside the eye. Chelipeds unsymmetrical ; carpus squamoso-rugose, with a slight transverse groove, and armed with a prominent but not very sharp internal tooth; propodus stout, superior border rounded and squamoso-tuberculate, outer surface smooth; fingers of larger chela gaping, movable finger armed with a large blunt tooth at base; fingers of smaller chela slenderer, without prominent teeth; fingers of both hands black, hooked at extremities, tips crossing. Upper edge of merus of ambulatory appendages lightly denticu- lated, excepting the posterior pair. Base of abdomen entirely covers the sternal segments; penultimate segment of abdomen short, posterior angles prolonged backward; last segment short, pentagonal. In young specimens the granules of the carpus and propodus are more numerous and sharper- pointed. Length of carapace, 6.25 mm.; breadth, 10 mm. Station 3405. 53 fathoms. 5 males (3 adults, 2 young). ONS 0G se AOOnr aa 1 male. The name Micropanope polita was published a short time before Panopeus tanneri, but if this species is referred to the genus Panopeus, the specific name politus cannot be used, since it was applied to a different species by Professor 8. I. Smith in 1869. The genus Micropanope has not been clearly defined either by Stimpson or A. Milne Edwards. The type of the genus, M/icropan- ope sculptipes Stimps. (= M. pugilutor A. M. Edw.), does not seem to belong to the same assemblage of species as Panopeus tannert, which differs from the typical species of Panopeus merely by the granulation of the carapace and the serration of the meri of some of the ambulatory appendages. These pecul- iarities do not, in my opinion, justify the separation of P. tannerd from the genus Panopeus. PILUMNUS LIMOSUS. 21 OZIUS M. Epw. Hist. Nat. Crust., I. 404, 1834, Ozius verreauxii Sauss. Rey. et Mag. Zool., 2° Sér., V. 359, Plate XII. Fig. 1, 1853. One female, from Charles Island, Galapagos, April 1. This species was found at James Island, Galapagos, and also at Panama during the voyage of the “ Hassler” from Boston to San Francisco in 1872. It has been recorded from Mazatlan, Mex., and Lower California. MENIPPE De Haan. Siebold’s Fauna Japonica, Crustacea, p. 21, 1833. Menippe frontalis A. M. Epw. Crustacés de la Région Mex., p. 264, Plate XLVIII. Fig. 2, 1879. One male, collected at low tide on the reef outside Panama. Menippe frontalis has been previously recorded from Panama and the coast of Equador. HETERACTAGA Locxkineron. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., VII. 97, 1877. Heteractza lunata (M. Epw. et Luc.). Pilumnus lunatus M. Epw. et Luc., D’Orbigny’s Voy. dans YAmér. Mérid., Crust., p. 20, Plate IX. Fig. 2, 1843. Heteractea lunata Kinesu., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1879, p. 396, 1880; A. M. Epw., Crustacés de la Région Mex., p. 301, Plate LIT. Fig. 2, 1880. One specimen (male) from Panama. Previously recorded from the coast of Chile, the west coast of Central America, Cape St. Lucas, and the Gulf of California, There are specimens in the Museum of Comparative Zoblogy brought by the “ Hassler” Expedition from Panama and San Diego, Cal. PILUMNUS Leacz. Trans. Linn. Soe. London, XI. 309, 321, 1815. Pilumnus limosus Smiru. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., XII. 285, 1869. One male from Panama. 22 . STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. Famity TRAPEZIIDZ. TRAPEZIA Latr. Fam. Nat., p. 269, 1825 [Zrapézie]; Encycl. Méth., Hist, Nat., X. 695, 1825 [Zrapezia]. Trapezia cymodoce (Herzsr) ? ? Cancer cymodoce Hexrsst, Naturgeschichte der Krabben und Krebse, III., Heft 2, p. 22, Plate LI. Fig. 5, 1801 (cf. GersracKer, Arch. Naturgesch. XXIL., 1, pp. 125, 126, 1856). ? Trapezia cymodoce Latr., Encycl. Méth., Hist. Nat., X. 695, 1825. One female from Acapulco, Mex., April 18. It agrees with specimens from Panama doubtfully referred to 7. eymodoce by Smith.* The epibranchial lateral spines are in 4 transverse line with the middle of the carapace, while in Herbst’s type of 7. cymodoce, according to Gerstzcker, they lie far behind the middle. Otherwise the specimen agrees pretty closely with Gerstecker’s description of Herbst’s type. It is the same as, or closely related to, Zrapezia cerulea Riippell, and 7. miniata Jacquinot. There are specimens belonging to the same species in the Museum of Comparative Zoélogy collected by A. Agassiz at Acapulco in 1860, and at the Isles of Pearls, Panama Bay, in 1875. _ There is also in this Museum one of the specimens collected by the Wilkes Exploring Expedition at the Sandwich Islands, and referred to 7. cymodoce by Dana. It agrees well with the Acapulco and Panama specimens. Miers,} influenced by Herbst’s figure, assigns 7. eymodoce to the group of species with the hand subcristate above, and hairy on the outer surface, — a conclusion contradicted by Herbst’s and Gerstecker’s descriptions. The latter writer has shown that Herbst’s figure is very incorrect. Famity PORTUNIDA. ARENASUS Dana. Amer. Journ. Sci. and Arts, 2d Ser., XII. 180, 1851. Arenzus mexicanus (GeErs7.). Euctenota mexicana GERst., Arch. Naturgesch., XXII., 1, p. 181, Plate V. Figs. 3, 4, 1856. Areneus bidens Sir, Aun. Rep., Peabody Acad. Sci. for 1869 and 1870, p. 90, 1871. Neptunus mexicanus A. M. Evw., Crustacés de la Région Mex., p. 212, Plate XLII. Fig. 3, 1879. Three males, Cocos Island, Feb. 28. Previously known from the west coast of Mexico and Nicaragua. * Proc, Boston Soe. Nat. Hist., XII. 287, 1869. + Aun. Mag. Nat. Hist., 5th Series, 11. 409, 1878, Rep. Challenger Brachyura, p. 165, 1886. ACHELOUS AFFINIS. 23 ACHELOUS Dez Haay. Siebold’s Fauna Japonica, Crustacea, p. 8, 1833. Achelous spinimanus (Latr.). Portunus spinimanus Later. Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat., 2e éd., XXVIII. 47, 1819. Portunus (Achelous) spinimanus De Haan, Fauna Japonica, Crustacea, p. 8, 1833. Station 3368. 66 fathoms. 2 males. These specimens differ from the typical form in havirg a shorter arm and hand, a longer spine on the inner side of the carpus; in having a short spine at the distal end of the superior border of the propodus and two small spines at the distal end of the merus of the last pair of legs. Of these two spines the larger is on the posterior lateral angle of the segment, the smaller one just above it. The carpal spine reaches half way to the extremity of the spine on the upper margin of the propodus when the hand is flexed. The length of the carapace is 44.5 mm.; breadth, 69.5 mm.; length of merus, 33 mm.; length of chela, 47 mm.; breadth, 15 mm. ; length of dactylus, 25 mm.; length of carpal spine, measured from the anterior border of the carpus, 10.5 mm. If these differences prove to be constant in specimens from this region the form may be called Achelous brevimanus. Achelous spinimanus inhabits the Atlantic coast of America from Cape Hatteras to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It has also been recorded from the coast of Chile. Achelous affinis Fax. Plate 1V., Fig. 1, 1°, 2. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 155, 1893. Carapace moderately convex both longitudinally and transversely, the frontal region depressed and horizontal; surface rugose, granular, and pubescent. Front not prominent, composed of four blunt teeth, not counting the internal angle of the orbit; the two teeth near the median line are equilaterally triangular, separated from one another by a tri- angular notch; the next teeth on the outer side are separated from those within by a shallow sinus, and fall off abruptly on the outer side into the deep notch which separates the front from the inner orbital angle. The two middle teeth of the front are a trifle longer than the lateral teeth. 24 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. The tooth formed by the projecting inner orbital angle does not attain the level of the frontal teeth, and it is double, the orbital margin just outside of it being slightly folded, raised, and projected forward so as to form a secon- dary tooth similar to that in A. spinimanus, but not so well-marked. The antero-lateral margin of the carapace is nine-toothed, including the tooth at the outer orbital angle; the posterior tooth is hardly larger than those in front of it; the posterior margin of these teeth is convex. The anterior edge of the merus of the chelipeds is armed with five spines. The carpus has an internal and a smaller external spine. There is a spine on the pro- podus at the base at the point of articulation with the carpus, and another on the upper margin a little distance back of the articulation with the dactylus. The distal edge of the fifth pair of legs is spinulose. Length, 25 mm.; breadth, 39 mm.; length of merus of cheliped, 24 mm.; length of propodus, including digit, 83 mm.; length of internal carpal spine. measured from distal margin of carpus, 3.3 mm. Station 3379. 52 fathoms. 5 males, 4 fem. ea 590: 00 ae 1 male. A large number were also taken in the tow-net on the surface at the following stations : — Off Mala Point, Hydr. 2627, 3355, 3371, 3382, 3386, 3398, and 50 miles south of Guaymas. The specimens taken at the surface are small, and much darker in color than those that came up in the trawl, but they show no structural differences. I take them to be the same species in the pelagic stage of its existence. This species is related to Achelous depressifrons Stimps., from the Atlantic side of the Continent. Compared with A. depressifrons it is broader, and the curve formed by the front and the antero-lateral margin of the carapace forms an are with a longer radius; the lateral lobe of the front is broader ; the tooth of the inner orbital angle is double, as above described; the teeth of the antero-lateral margin have broader bases, and the anterior one at the outer orbital angle is not so prominent; the protuberances on the cardiac and branchial areas are less prominent; the internal carpal spine is shorter, and the distal margin of the merus of the fifth pair of legs is denticulate behind the articulation of the carpus. TRACHYCARCINUS. 25 Famity CORYSTID &. TRACHYCARCINUS Fax. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XXIV. 156, 1893. Carapace pentagonal, moderately convex, lateral margins long, nearly straight, toothed. Front narrow, produced, three-toothed. Orbits large, with forward aspect, imperfect, with two hiatuses above, one below, and one at the inner angle; lower wall formed chiefly by the carapace. Anterior margin of buccal cavity not distinctly defined, epistome short, ridges of the endostome developed. Sternum long and rather narrow. Abdomen of male narrow and five-jointed, the third, fourth, and fifth segments consolidated, Eye-stalks very small, retractile within the orbits. Antennules longitudinally folded. The antenne lie in the inner hiatus of the orbit ; their basal segment is but slightly enlarged, not filling the hiatus at the inner angle of the orbit nor attaining to the front, subcylindrical, unarmed, imperfectly fused with the carapace ; the second segment is longer and slenderer than the first, the third segment about equal to the second in length, but slenderer ; all these segments are furnished with long and coarse sete; the whole antenna is less than one half as long as the carapace. The ischium of the outer maxil- lipeds is produced at its antero-internal angle; the merus of the same appendages is rounded at the antero-external angle, obliquely truncated but not emarginated at the antero-internal angle, where it articulates with the following segment. Legs of moderate length. Right and left chelipeds very unequally developed in the male. Dactyli of ambulatory legs styliform, straight, slender, longer than the penultimate segments. The pentagonal shape of the carapace recalls the genus Zelmessus White. But in Zelmessus the front is divided by a median notch, the orbit is much more complete, the basal segment of the antenna sending off an external process that completely fills the hiatus at the inner angle of the orbit. Although Zrachycarcinus bears but little resemblance superficially to Fricho- pelarion A. M. Edw.* on account of the very different shape of the carapace, it is in reality closely related to the latter genus as is shown by the close resemblance between them as regards the orbits and antennx, the merus of the outer maxillipeds, the form of the chelipeds, ete. The Corystoid crabs form a heterogeneous assemblage of rather primi- * Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., VIII. 19, Plate IT., 1880. 4 26 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. tive forms which show distinct affinities with the Maioids, Cancroids, and Portunidee. Trachycarcinus corallinus Fax. Plate A. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 156, 1893. The carapace is of an irregularly pentagonal shape, the antero-lateral borders being about twice the length of the postero-lateral ; the general surface is densely clothed with a dark brown coat which under a lens is seen to be made of a multitude of close-set club-shaped sete ; when this covering is scraped off the shell appears smooth and white underneath. The various regions of the carapace are well marked out by intervening furrows, and from the more prominent parts of each region there arise groups of flattened turbercles of ivory whiteness which stand out in striking contrast to the sombre brown of the general surface of the carapace. These tubercles are arranged in groups or bunches, the principal of which are placed as follows : two anterior lateral and one posterior median on the gastric region ; four disposed in two pairs on the cardiac region; five or six on each branchial region ; and one, of a crescentic shape, on each hepatic region. Each group of tubercles resembles the crown of a complex molar tooth whose cusps have been worn down to a common level. The front is produced into three acute teeth, the median twice as long as the lateral. The walls of the orbit exhibit four teeth separated by deep hiatuses ; these teeth are a preocular, supraocular, postocular, and subocular; the preeocular tooth is compressed and blunt, its anterior edge denticulate. Behind the postocular spine the antero-lateral border of the carapace displays three prominent teeth, increas- ing in length successively from before backward ; there is, too, a minute tooth just back of the largest, posterior lateral tooth. The posterior margin of the carapace is provided with small teeth and is concave at the middle part. The eye-stalks are very slender, far from filling the orbits. The eyes them- selves are not larger than the extremity of the eye-stalk ; they have an im- perfectly faceted cornea, but show no trace of pigment. The basal segment of the antenna is small and cylindrical ; it does not quite reach to the margin of the front, and is not firmly soldered to the carapace ; the other two seg- ments of the peduncle are longer and slenderer than the basal segment; the end of the peduncle does not quite reach to the extremity of the rostrum ; all of the segments of the peduncle are furnished with long setx, while the TRACHYCARCINUS CORALLINUS. iT flagellum (which is about as long as the two distal segments of the peduncle taken together, and composed of about fifteen segments) is nearly naked. The chelipeds are very unequal in size on the two sides of the body in the male sex. In four specimens the right is the larger, in two the left. In adult specimens the large claw is naked, smooth, and ivory-white, like the tubercles of the carapace ; the merus has a few small teeth along its upper margin, most of them near the two ends of the segment, and there are also a few still smaller teeth along the postero-inferior margin; the carpus is inflated, its upper margin armed with one strong tooth and denticulated along its whole length; the propodus is short and somewhat swollen, the finger bent down at an obtuse angle with the lower border of the palm ; there are in most specimens two or three small tubercles or teeth on the superior margin of the propodus, besides a tubercular process at the articu- lation of the carpus; the dactylus is strong, down-curved, and furnished with small tubercles on its upper border ; both fingers are armed with large blunt teeth on their opposed edges. The smaller chela is furnished with sete ; it is slenderer than the large claw, and has proportionally longer fingers ; it is also sparsely granulated. In the female both chelipeds are of approximately equal size, and they resemble, both in size and shape, the smaller cheliped of the male. The ambulatory appendages are unarmed and clothed with coarse sete, which are most thickly set upon the dactyli. The dactyli are considerably longer than the propodi, nearly cylindrical, very straight, and tipped with a small, acute, horny nail. Dimensions of largest specimen (male): length of carapace, 26 mm. ; breadth of carapace, 27 mm.; length of larger cheliped, 50 mm.; propo- dus, 20 mm.; breadth of propodus, 10.5 mm.; length of smaller cheliped, 24 mm.; propodus, 9 mm.; breadth of propodus, 4 mm.; length of first ambulatory leg, 55 mm. The carapace of the smallest ovigerous female measures 22X25 mm. The eggs are spherical and large for the size of the animal; they vary in size from one and a third to one and a half millimeters in diameter. About one hundred are laid by one female. The depth at which this animal lives is very great for a Brachyuran. I believe that the only species previously known that normally live below the 500 fathom line are certain species of thusa and Aithusina, and Geryon quinguedens Smith. 28 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. The peculiar form and arrangement of the white tubercles on the cara- pace give to this animal the aspect of a piece of stone coral. Station 3353. 695 fathoms. 1 female. B00.) 40" 7 << 5 males, 4 fem. (2 ovig.). ey ots. O60) 1 male. “e oo Famity GECARCINID Aj. GECARCINUS Leacu. Trans. Linn. Soc. London, XI. 309, 322, 1815. Gecarcinus malpilensis Fax. Plate IV., Fig. 2, 2°, 2. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 157, 1893. Carapace very broad and convex anteriorly, flattened and narrowed pos- teriorly ; surface microscopically granulated ; antero-lateral margin rounded, not denticulated ; the median gastric furrow is well marked; the furrow separating the gastric from the branchial regions does not extend forward far enough to separate the gastric from the hepatic area; the so-called genital area is separated by a pronounced groove from the branchial and cardiac regions, but not from the gastric; there is a deep indentation at the anterior extremity of the lateral genital furrows; the furrows bound- ing the cardiac region on either side are moderately developed. Front deflexed at a right angle to the axis of the body, deep, concave above the margin, margin not reflexed, granulated. The merus of the outer maxilli- peds is five-sided, outer side convex, distal slightly notched, antero-internal straight and parallel to the long axis of the body, forming an obtuse angle with the postero-internal margin, which is slightly concave. Merus and carpus of chelipeds devoid of spines or teeth. Dactylus of the ambulatory legs furnished with six rows of spines. Length, 55 mm.; breadth, 76 mm.; width of hind border of carapace, 19 mm.; width of front, 11 mm.; depth of front, 7 mm. Malpe'o Island, March 5. 1 male. This species is very distinct from any previously described. Compared with the previously known species from the Pacific coast, it is nearest to G. quadratus Sauss., but the outline of the carapace is very different, being ie PLANES. 29 similar to G. ruricola, from the eastern coast. Moreover, the front is nar- rower, deeper, and bent down at a sharper angle than in @. guadratus, and the merus of the outer mavxillipeds is very different in shape from that of G. guadratus or any other known species. Famity OCYPODIDA. GELASIMUS Larr. Nouv. Dict. d’ Hist, Nat., 2° éd., XI. 517, 1817. Gelasimus sp. A male specimen of a species of Gelasimus was collected on Chatham Island, Galapagos. It agrees with the figure of Gelasimus macrodactylus M. Edw. et Luc.,* except in the proportions of the carapace, which is broader (13 X 19 mm.) in the Galapagos specimen. Famity GRAPSIDAN, PLANES Bowpicu. Excursions in Madeira and Porto Santo, p. 15, Fig. 27, 2°, 1825. Planes, a MS. name of Dr. Leach’s, was first published in T. Edward Bowdich’s “ Excursions in Madeira and Porto Santo, during the Autumn of 1823,” London, 1825. In this work Bowdich figured and assigned to this genus the Cancer minutus of Linné, under the name of Planes elypeatus. The name Planes was afterwards adopted by Bell, White, and Dana, and more recently by Mierst and Haswell.£ But most recent authors have rejected Planes in favor of the later Mautilograpsus of Milne Edwards, § on account of the insufficiency of Bowdich’s description. Accepting the judi- cious ruling of the American Ornithologists’ Union committee on nomen- clature || — that a recognizable published figure affords a valid basis for a generic name —I retain Leach’s name for this genus; for Bowdich’s figures, though rudely executed, are unmistakable. * D’Orbigny’s Voy. dans Amér. Mérid., Crust., p. 27, Plate XI. Fig. 3, 1843. + Cat. Stalk- and Sessile-eyed Crust. New Zealand, p. 39, 1876. $ Cat. Australian Stalk- and Sessile-eyed Crust., p, 99, 1882. § Hist. Nat. Crust., II. 89, 1837. || The Code of Nomenclature and Check-List of North American Birds, adopted by the American Orni- thologists’ Union; being the Report of the Committee of the Union on Classification and Nomenclature. Ney York, 1886. Canon XLIL., p. 52. 30 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. Planes minutus (Liyy.). Cancer minutus Linn., Syst. Nat., ed. 10, I. 625, 1758. Planes minutus Wuire, List Crust. Brit. Mus., p. 42, 1847. Station 2628. 1 fem. & 3413. 2 males, 2 fem. ovig Off Acapulco, Mex. 1 male. No local. 2 males, 1 fem. ovig. All of these specimens were taken from Green Turtles. The carapace of the largest one (a female) measures 23 X 23 mm. GRAPSUS Lamarck. Systéme des Animaux sans Vertebres, p. 150, 1801. Grapsus grapsus (Liny.). Cancer grapsus Lixn., Syst. Nat., ed. 10, I. 630, 1758. Grapsus grapsus Ives, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1891, p. 190. Indefatigable and Chatham Islands, Galapagos, 3 males, 3 fem. (1 ovig.). There are also specimens in this Museum from Charles Island in the same archipelago, collected during the voyage of the “ Hassler.” Compared with the typical form from Florida, the Galapagos specimens have a higher and absolutely perpendicular front, the frontal lobes project- ing even further forward than in specimens from Acapulco labelled “ Grapsus altifrons” by Dr. Stimpson. The spots upon the carapace and legs are fewer and more definitely circumscribed than in Florida specimens, and the outer face of the carpus and hand of the chelipeds is uniform red. The ambulatory legs are more robust. Carapace of a male, 63 X 69 mm. Famity PINNOTHERID &. PINNIXA Wuire. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., lst Series, XVIII. 177, 1846. Pinnixa panamensis Fax. PlateVis Pigalle Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XXIV. 158, 1893. Male. — Carapace short and very broad, smooth and punctate for the most part, granulated at the sides. The lateral angles form a prominent PINNIXA PANAMENSIS. 31 shoulder, back of which the carapace diminishes abruptly in width. A trans- verse depression involves the hind part of the gastric and the fore part of the cardiac regions. This depression is bounded behind by a ridge which extends across the carapace between the bases of the last pair of thoracic appendages. Back of this ridge the carapace is deflected at an angle of about forty-five degrees. Front depressed, divided by a median notch into two not prominent lobes; margin setose. The chelipeds are small, with very stout carpus and hand, destitute of spines, but furnished with some setz along their edges; carpus squamose on the anterior and superior parts of the outer side; propodus not broader than the carpus, laterally compressed; a row of tubercles along the superior border forms a sort of crest; a longitudinal row of setiferous squamoid tubercles runs lengthwise of the hand from the proximal end, stopping short of the base of the immobile finger; the surface between this and the dorsal crest is thickly beset with tubercles, but below it the surface is almost smooth down to a row of tubercles which runs along the inferior margin; immovable finger straight, the dactylus closing against it throughout its length; dactylus fur- nished with long sets on the upper margin; no prominent teeth or tubercles on the cutting edge of either finger, First and second ambulatory limbs of moderate length, nearly naked, with slender and straight dactyli; last three segments tuberculate on superior margin. Third pair very much enlarged ; the merus has a convex anterior border, and is pubescent on the anterior third of the upper surface; posterior margin double, spinulose. Fourth ambulatory legs very small, not reaching beyond the distal end of the merus of the third pair; upper surface smooth. Dactyli of penultimate and last pairs of legs short, acute, set at angle with the propodi so as to form pre- hensile hooks. End joint of abdomen broader than the preceding joint, semicircular, The dactylus of the outer maxillipeds articulates with the propodus near the distal end of the latter. The carapace is 5 mm. long by 10 mm. broad. The female is larger than the male, the carapace is more highly polished, the transverse depression not so pronounced, and the appendages are more thickly clothed with sete. Length of carapace, 6.3 mm.; breadth, 13 mm. Panama, March 12. 4 males, 6 fem. ovig. 32 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. Famity CALAPPID A. PLATYMERA M. Epw. Hist. Nat. Crust., II. 107, 1837. Platymera gaudichaudii M. Epw. Hist. Nat. Crust., II. 108, 1837. Station 3387. 127 fathoms. 2 males. Both specimens are adult, the larger measuring 58.5 < 105 mm. (including the lateral spines). The more prominent parts of the carapace rise into small tubercles here and there, to the number of about twenty-five. The position of some of these tubercles appears to be indicated by reddish spots in Milne Edwards and Lueas’s figure of this species.* In the “ Alba- tross” specimens the teeth of the antero-lateral margin are sharper and smaller than in the figure, the meri of the ambulatory appendages narrower, and the dactyli are not expanded near their tips. Platymera gaudichaudii has hitherto been known as a Chilean species. Through the kindness of Miss Rathbun I have had an opportunity to examine specimens of Plalymera californiensis,¢ recently described by her. They are identical with the specimens which I have referred to P. gaudi- chaudii. 1 do not think that the very slight discrepancies between these specimens and the figures in D’Orbigny’s Atlas warrant their separation, especially as neither Miss Rathbun nor I have had specimens from Chile for comparison. The differences between our specimens and the figures might well arise from a slight inaccuracy of the draughtsman. The types of P. californiensis were dredged off the coast of California, lat. 832° 22’ 30” N. to 37° 43° 20” N., in 26-204 fathoins. Famity MATUTIDA. OSACHILA Srimprs. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., I]. 154, 1870. Osachila lata Fax. Plate V., Figs. 2, 2, 2. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodél., XXIV. 159, 1893. Carapace expanded laterally; length: breadth = 3:4; three low obtuse protuberances on the gastric region, one on the cardiac, three or four on the * D’Orbigny’s Voy. dans Amér. Mérid., Crust., Plate XIII { Proce. U. S. Nat. Mus., XVI. 253, 1893. OSACHILA LATA. 33 branchial; the surface of all of these protuberances is tuberculate, the tubercles coarsely punctate, the surface between the protuberances smooth and coarsely punctate. Front prominent, bilobed, the lobes separated by a completely closed fissure ; frontal margin thick, rounded, with two punc- tate tubercles ; antero-lateral margin of carapace sharp; behind the point where the subhepatic ridge joins this margin it is divided into five obtuse lobes, each of which is denticulate ; postero-lateral margin single, tubercu- lated; posterior margin narrow, concave ; two transverse rows of low tuber- cles on the hinder part of the carapace anterior to the hind margin. Beneath, the subhepatic region and the surface of the outer maxillipeds, sternum and abdomen are tuberculated and heavily pitted, presenting an eroded appear- ance. Subbranchial area smooth. The merus of the chelipeds is tuberculate along the upper edge and outside of it ; carpus tuberculate externally, distal and superior margin produced to a cristiform tooth which continues back upon the carpus the crest of the superior border of the propodus; propodus tuberculate on outer face, the tubercles largest above, superior border forming a slight denticulate crest which is split into three indistinct lobes; lower margin of hand ornamented with a row of low, but rather large tubercles. The edges of the ambulatory limbs are slightly cristate; dactyli pubescent on distal portion. There are traces of transverse red bands on the ambulatory legs. Length, 24.5 mm., breadth, 52 mm. Station 5427. 80 fathoms. 1 male. In this species there is a crescentic depression on the margin of the pterygostomian region in front of the base of the chelipeds, leading into the branchial chamber; this depression is much more strongly marked than in Hepatus or in Osachila tuberosa Stimps. (O. acuta Stimps. and O. stimpsonit Studer I have not seen). The third, fourth, and fifth abdominal segments in the male are fused into one, as in Hepatus and O. tuberosa. In the genus Osachila the apex of the merus of the outer maxillipeds is notched or con- cave, leaving an opening into the excurrent branchial canal when the outer maxillipeds are closely applied to the buccal area. This orifice does not exist in Hepatus or in Acteomorpha Miers, a genus which must be closely allied to Osachila. The second and third segments of the antenn are present in Osachila, but only as the merest rudiments. Three species of Osachila have been previously described: O. tuberosa Stimps.* from the Antilles and off Cape Hatteras, 36-164 fathoms; O. acuta * Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., I. 154, 1870. a 34 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. Stimps.* from Panama and Manzanillo ; and O. stimpsomi Studer,t from near Ascension Island, 60 fathoms. The latter species appears to be very simi- lar to, if not the same as, O. tuberosa. In the breadth of the carapace O. lata shows a closer approach to Hepatus than the more typical species of Osachilu do. Famity DORIPPID. ZETHUSA Rovx. Crustacés de la Méditerranée, 4°™° Livr., 18380 [Zthusa]. Z&thusa ciliatifrons Fax. Plate V., Fig. 3, 3, 3°. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 159, 1893. Carapace broader than long, branchial regions much inflated ; surface granulated on the branchial and cardiac regions, pubescent on the gastric region ; front and anterior part of the lateral border ornamented with long up-turned cilia. Front between the orbits divided by a triangular median sinus and two slightly shallower lateral sinuses into four triangular teeth of equal length. The orbital sinuses are very deep, and the external orbital angles reach as far forward as the frontal teeth, so that the front margin of the carapace, viewed from above or from below, is cut into six teeth of equal length. The dorsal surface of the carapace is deeply areo- lated; the branchio-cardiac lines are deeply impressed and meet in the median line in front of the heart, cutting off the depressed cardiac area from the gastric. The gastric region is uneven with pits and furrows. The eyes are small, on very short peduncles, just reaching, when extended, to the pos- terior angles of the orbital sinuses; the eye is terminal, not wider than the peduncles, and is provided with pigment of a black color. The chelipeds are equal, small, and slender; the chela is smooth and not more robust than the carpus; the fingers are longer than the palm, laterally compressed, curved inward, longitudinally grooved, their prehensile edges straight and regularly denticulated. The ambulatory limbs are very long (the second considerably longer than the first), naked and granulated ; the propodus is slightly shorter than the merus, slightly compressed, with a longitudinal groove on each side ; the dactylus is one half longer than the propodus, laterally compressed, * Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., X. 114, 1871. + Crustaceen der Gazelle, p. 16, Plate I. Fig. 4: Abhandl. KGnigl. Akad. Wissensch. zu Berlin, 1882. ZETHUSA LATA. 35 slightly curved, longitudinally grooved and ribbed, the upper edge very sharp. The last two pairs of limbs are of about an equal length, not reaching beyond the distal end of the merus of the second pair of ambulatory appendages, pubescent excepting the nail which tips their dactyli; their propodi are much shorter than the merus and not much longer than the carpus; dactyli very short and strongly curved. The sternum is rather coarsely granulate. Conspicuous red transverse bands adorn the chelipeds and first two pairs of ambulatory appendages ; there are two of these bands on the merus, one on the carpus, one on the propodus, and one on the dactylus. Dimensions of a male: length of carapace, 26.5 mm.; breadth of cara- pace, 29.5 mm.; breadth of anterior margin between external orbital teeth, 12 mm.; length of second ambulatory appendages, 74.5 mm. (merus, 12 mm.; propodus, 15.5 mm.; dactylus, 22 mm.). Station 3389. 210 fathoms. 5 males, 2 fem. 33 3391. 153 ce 2 males. ke 3396. 259 oe 1 male. so 808i. 27 ss 1 male juv. In young small specimens the carapace is not so broad as in the adult (in fact the length of the carapace may be equal to its breadth), the antero- lateral angles do not project so far forward, and the gastric area is not so deeply sunken beneath the level of the branchial regions. A&thusa lata Rarue. Plate Vi. Pig IGT”. Ethusa lata Ravus., Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XVI. 258, 1893. Aithusa pubescens Fax., Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 160, 1893. Station 3367. 100 fathoms. 1 female. After examining the type specimens of @. /ata Rathb., | am inclined to attribute the slight differences between them and 4. pubescens to difference in age, the specimen which I described under the name of 4. pubescens being more than twice the size of the type specimens of @. lata. In the male of 4. lata the right and left chelipeds are very unequal. This species was first obtained by the “ Albatross” in 1889, in the Gulf of California at a depth of 14-35 fathoms. It is the Pacific representative of E. microphthalma Smith * of the Atlantic side of the continent. * Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., IIIT 418, 1881; VI. 22, 1883. 36 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. ZETHUSINA Sw»its. Ann. Rep. U. S. Fish Comm. for 1882, p. 349, 1884 [Hthusina]. Asthusina gracilipes (Mmnrs). Bthusa (Ethusina) gracilipes Miers, Rep. Challenger Brachyura, pp. 332, 333, Plate XXIX., 1886. Station 3361. 1471 fathoms. 1 fem. Ge Sa a.) 823 es males, 2 fem. ds 505u ele a6 i S338: = 1o73 cs “« = 3400. = 13822 ee Ce a4.07 880 s¢ fem. ey a4t3., 1360 ch 2 males, 1 fem, In most of these specimens the spine at the antero-external angle of the carapace is long, as in the figure of the typical form of Miers’s species, but it is bent outward at a sharper angle, as in Miers’s var. robusta. The outer spine of the front is longer in proportion to the inner spine, and the carapace is rather narrower. ‘The legs are shorter (as in var. robusta), while the chela male. males, male, 2 fem. me ke be oO is midway in form between the typical gracilipes and var. robusta. The “ Challenger” specimens were obtained near the Philippines in 700 fathoms, in the Arafura Sea in 800 fathoms, and in the Banda Sea in 1425 fathoms. Z&thusina challengeri (Mizrs) ? ? Bthusa (Bthusina) challengeri Miers, Rep. Challenger Brachyura, p. 331, Plate XXVIII. Fig. 2, 1886.* Station 5414. 2232 fathoms. 1 fem. Trefer this specimen with some doubt to 4. challengert. The fingers of the chelx are longer than in that species, the internal distal angle of the ischium of the external maxillipeds is more salient, and the merus more pear-shaped ; the front, too, is narrower, the median sinus deeper, and the internal orbital angle less prominent. I believe that the depth from which this specimen was brought is the greatest at which any Brachyuran has ever been taken. 4. abyssicola Smith was dredged by the “ Albatross” off the east coast of the United States in 2221 fathoms. Miers’s specimen of 4. challengeri was obtained from 1875 fathoms, in Japanese seas. * On pp. 329, 332, Miers refers to this species by the name of #. sinwatifrons. hai ZETHUSINA SMITHIANA. 37 Asthusina smithiana Fax. Plate VI., Fig. 2, 2. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 160, 1893. In this species the carapace is a little longer than broad, and is not much narrowed anteriorly. The front is four-toothed, the middle pair of teeth large, triangular, separated from one another by a wide triangular sinus which is broader than the antennular sinus; between these teeth the margin is bent down till it meets the epistome below; the lateral teeth of the front are spiniform, and shorter than the middle teeth. The surface of the cara- pace is clothed with a short pubescence and is lightly granulous; the bran- chio-cardiac grooves are well marked. The postocular teeth are spiniform and they project far beyond the extremity of the small eye-stalks. The eyes are smaller than the extremity of their peduncles. The chelipeds are equal, smooth, naked, unarmed; the merus cylindrical, the carpus short and rounded ; the fingers about equal in length to the body of the chela, com- pressed, prehensile edges sharp and not provided with distinct teeth or tubercles. The ambulatory legs are nearly naked, the second pair more than twice the length of the carapace, the dactylus longer than the propodus. The last two pairs of legs terminate in short recurved claws, which are setose on the posterior edge. The sexes do not seem to differ in any marked degree. Length of carapace (male), 9.3 mm.; breadth, 8 mm. Station 3370. 134 fathoms. 3 fem. co 3380. 899 « 2 males. This species is nearly related to 4. abyssicola Smith, but its carapace does not so much diminish in width anteriorly, the external frontal spines are less developed, the external orbital spines are much longer, and brought forward so that the orbits face more to the front. From 2. challengert Miers it differs in the greater development of the frontal and external orbital spines. 38 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. Famity CYMOPOLIIDA. CYMOPOLIA Rovx. Crustacés de la Méditerranée, 5*™* Livr., 1830. Cymopolia tuberculata Fax. Plaie Vi, Fig. ayo Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XXIV. 161, 1893. Carapace very broad, subpentagonal, branchial regions swollen.. Front four-toothed, the teeth blunt, separated from each other by narrow sinuses which are rounded at the bottom ; the two middle teeth are longer than the lateral ones, and the median sinus is deeper than the two lateral. The antero-lateral margin of the carapace is four-toothed, counting the promi- nent tooth at the external angle of the orbit; the posterior tooth of the series is the smallest. The upper margin of the orbit has three deep fissures defining two triangular teeth ; the lower margin of the orbit has two fissures enclosing a broad truncate tooth or lobe; there is also a broad and promi- nent lobe just below the inner orbital angle; above this lobe is a single tooth at the inner angle. The surface of the carapace is ornamented with granulated tubercles ; the parts between the tubercles are more finely granu- lated, and when viewed under a lens are found to be furnished with fine hairs. The chief tubercles are disposed as follows: one pair on the frontal region behind the margin; four in transverse row on the anterior part of the gastric area, and five on the posterior part of the same area arranged thus, :": (of these the posterior pair is the smallest); four in a transverse line on the cardiac region and one median behind the transverse series ; about six on each branchial area; six just anterior to the straight posterior margin of the carapace (three on each side). There are three small tubercles on each eye-stalk near the margin of the cornea. The chelipeds are small, slender, equal; the carpus tuberculate, the fingers as long as the hand proper, curved downward and inward, crossing at the tips, their prehensile edges finely denticulate in small specimens, nearly entire in larger ones. The second and third ambulatory limbs are very long, the second slightly larger than the third; their merus joints are granulated and costate above, and armed with a prominent spine at the anterior distal angle and a smaller one each side at the point of articulation with the carpus; this holds good of CYMOPOLIA TUBERCULATA. 39 ul three pairs of ambulatory appendages; the carpi are carinate on their anterior margin, with a vestige of a tooth at each end of the carina; the anterior edge of the propodus is also carinate. The ambulatory legs are ornamented with transverse bands of red, three of which cross the merus. The abdomen and sternum are granulated. Length, 13 mm. ; breadth, 18 mm.; length of ambulatory leg of second pair, 34 mm. (merus, 9.3 mm.; carpus, 5.6 mm.; propodus, 9 mm.; dactylus 7.59 mm.). Station 3355. 182 fathoms. 4 males, 1 fem. Cymopola zonata Rathb.,* lately described from the Gulf of California, 40 fathoms, differs from C. tuberculata as follows: the carapace is narrower and more quadrangular. The median lobes of the front are small and incon- spicuous, while the lateral lobes are very broad and are separated from the median lobes by a slight, shallow notch. In C. tuberculata the four frontal lobes take on the form of prominent, triangular teeth, clearly separated from each other by deep triangular sinuses. The antero-lateral margin of the carapace is three-toothed in C. zonata, four-toothed in C. tuberculata. The tubercles near the posterior margin of the carapace are more elongated in the former species than in the latter. The hand of the former is much broader, and is armed with prominent, spiny tubercles. Finally, the meri of the ambulatory legs are much shorter in C. zonata, and are armed at the distal end with a blunt, triangular tooth, while in C. fuberculata this tooth is transformed into a long, sharp spine, and a pair of smaller spines is present, one on each side of the proximal end of the carpus. The unique type specimen of Cymopolia dilatata A. M. Edw. + from St. Kitts, 208 fathoms, has not yet been returned to this Museum. Judging from Milne Edwards’s short diagnosis, it must be very similar to C. tuber- culata, but in the latter the first sternal segment does not bear the trans- verse crest which is said to be characteristic of C. dilatata. I am therefore led to regard C. tuberculata and C. dilatata as closely allied representative species on the two sides of the continent. * Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XVI. 259, 1893. + Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool, VIII. 28, 1880. 40 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. Cymopolia fragilis Rarus. Plate VI., Fig. 4, 4°. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., XVI. 259, 1898. Carapace very short and broad, tuberculated, with granules scattered between the tubercles. Front cut into four blunt teeth, the two in the middle prominent, the outer ones short. Superior margin of the orbit cut by two fissures as is the lower margin also; there is a broad prominent lobe just below the internal orbital angle, with two teeth above it at the angle. The antero-lateral margin of the carapace is five-toothed, counting the promi- nent tooth at the outer angle of the orbit. There are two tubercles on the frontal region, twelve on the gastric, five on the cardiac (four of which are arranged in a transverse row and elongated transversely); eight or nine on each branchial, and a carina more or less broken up into tubercles just in front of the posterior margin of the carapace. The eye-stalks are furnished with two blunt tubercles near the edge of the cornea. The chelipeds are small, slender, equal. The third and fourth pairs of ambulatory limbs are very long, the merus joints with a low tubercular carina on their anterior margin and two longitudinal rows of tubercles on their upper face; the anterior distal angle is rounded off and not produced into a spine or tooth; the anterior edge of the carpi and propodi is sharp, and the upper face of these joints is two-ribbed. The abdomen and sternum are almost smooth. The difference in the shape of the abdomen between this species and the foregoing will be best appreciated by a reference to the figures. Length, 7 mm.; breadth, 11 mm.; length of ambulatory limb of the second pair, 26.5 mm. (merus, 8 mm.; carpus, 4.5 mm.; propodus, 7 mm. ; dactylus, 5 mm.). Station 3569. 52 fathoms. 2 males, 12 fem. ovig. eS 33TO.. O2 as 3 males. Cymopolia fragilis was first discovered by the “ Albatross” expedition of 1889, off Lower California, in 58 and 71 fathoms. RANINOPS FORNICATA. 41 Famity LEUCOSIID A. EBALIA Leacs. Malacostr. Podophthal. Brit., Plate XXV., 1816 (2). Ebalia sp. A badly mutilated specimen of an Zaha was obtained at Station 3355 in 182 fathoms, — evidently belonging to an undescribed species. The cara- pace, as far as can be determined, is subrhomboidal, tuberculated, and thickly covered with round bead-like granules. The front is truncate; the gastric region roof-shaped, falling off on each side of the median line into the deep depression behind the antero-lateral margins. The antero-lateral border is produced into three lobes, one of which is on the hepatic region and two (larger) on the branchial, the posterior one forming the lateral angle of the carapace; there is also a prominent tubercle on the pterygostomian region. .The central part of the branchial region is very prominent and obscurely divided into three secondary prominences made up of an agglom- eration of larger and smaller sized granules. The posterior margin is bi- lobed, each lobe being convex above when the animal is viewed from behind. The buccal area is separated from the antennular fosse by a small epistome. The battered condition of the specimen (a male) does not admit of a more detailed description. Famity RANINID/. RANINOPS A. M. Epw. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., VIII. 34, 1880. Raninops fornicata Fax. Phie VIE iga?, 118 Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoél., XXTV. 162, 1893. Carapace very convex from side to side, naked, smooth or nearly so, punctate. Rostrum acute, lightly carinate, the carina extending back for a short distance on the carapace. Superior margin of orbit armed with three acute teeth, the second of which is curved forward; the anterior tooth is separated from the rostrum by a deep rounded sinus, from the second tooth by an angular notch; the second tooth is separated from the third by a 6 = 42 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. nearly straight interval; the third tooth lies some distance in front of the posterior end of the orbit. Back of the orbit there is a strong, procurved spine on the margin of the carapace. Eye-stalks compressed, equal in length | to one half the width of the carapace. Second joint of the third maxillipeds equal to the third joint, crossed obliquely by a piliferous line; third joint notched at the antero-internal angle. Cheliped: merus unarmed, microscopi- cally spinose above, setose below; carpus minutely rugoso-spinulose, the superior distal angle projecting as a sharp tooth ; propodite lightly rugose, upper and lower borders margined, unarmed, palmar edge irregularly and inconspicuously toothed; dactylus without any prominent tooth. The dactylus of the fourth pair of legs has a very convex internal border, the dactylus of the fifth is long, narrow, and spatulate. Abdomen setose, telson obtuse at the end. Length of carapace, 12 mm.; breadth, 8.6 mm. Station 3569. 52 fathoms. 1 specimen. A. Milne Edwards's types of R. constricla and R. stimpsoni have not yet been returned from Paris. Compared with the descriptions of these species * R. fornicata differs from the first in having a shorter ocular peduncle (one half the width of the carapace instead of two thirds) and an unarmed merus joint of the cheliped; from &. stimpsoni it may be distinguished by the superior margin of the hand being unarmed. This genus hardly seems to be satisfactorily separated from LVofopus De Haan,f a genus to which three species have been assigned, viz., WV. dorsipes (Fabr.), ¢ WV. atlanticus Studer, § and WV. ovalis Henderson. || Famity LITHODID A. GLYPTOLITHODES, gen. nov. Cephalo-thorax subtriangular, anterior part only one half as wide as the posterior ; gastric region of the carapace elevated, forming a high conical prominence ; a prominent, crescentic, rounded ridge on each branchial area, enclosing the cardiac area in a deep fossa; upper portion of the rostrum straight, conical, subacute, much longer than the lower part, which has the * Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., VIII. 35, 1880. + Fauna Japonica, Crustacea, p. 138, 1841. { De Haan, Fauna Jap., Crust., p. 139, Plate XXXV. Fig. 5, Plate J, 1841. § Crustaceen der Gazelle, p. 17, Plate I. Fig. 5: Abhandl. Konig]. Akad. Wissensch. zu Berlin, 1882. | Rep. Challenger Anomura, p. 31, Plate II. Fig. 6, 1888 GLYPTOLITHODES CRISTATIPES. 43 form of a laterally-compressed tooth projecting downward and forward be- tween the bases of the eye-stalks. Antennal scales armed with a few blunt spines on each margin. Abdomen with three longitudinal rows of calcareous plates. Internal or superior margin of carpus of chelipeds produced to a dentate crest. Ambulatory legs short, flattened, spineless, with margins pro- duced into dentated and crenated crests. This genus is established to receive the species provisionally referred to the genus Fhinolithodes Brandt in my preliminary report on the Crustacea of the “ Albatross”? Expedition of 1891.* Since the present memoir was sent to the press I have received from the United States National Museum, through the kindness of Mr. J. E. Benedict, a pair of Rhinolithodes wosnessenskii Brandt, the type of the genus Rhinolithodes. It is clear that the species described by me is generically distinct from Brandt’s species. In Phinolithodes the legs ave of moderate length, their segments subcylindrical and heavily armed with spines: in Glyptolithodes these appendages are very short (the meri projecting but little beyond the sides of the carapace), flattened, destitute of spines, their anterior and posterior edges produced so as to form prominent crests which on some of the segments are entire, on others crenate or dentate. In Riino- lithodes the upper part of the rostrum forms a rounded tubercle shorter than the lower uncinate process: in @/yptolithodes the upper part of the rostrum forms a conical subacute tooth, far surpassing the inferior process. The car- diac area in Rhinolithodes is elevated and spherical : in Glyptolithedes this area lies at the bottom of a deep fossa bounded by the raised portions of the branchial areas. On the whole, the relations between Lhinolithodes and Gilyptolithodes ave less close than those which exist between the former genus and Phyllolithodes. Glyptolithodes cristatipes Fax. Plate Vil... Figs 22, Zee Rhinolithodes cristatipes Fax., Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoél., XXIV. 163, 1893. The carapace is subtriangular in outline, its surface devoid of sete but covered with low squamiform tubercles ; the whole gastric area is raised into a conical prominence ; there is also a prominent crescentic rounded ridge on each branchial region, enclosing the cardiac area in a deep fossa open only behind. The rostrum is straight and conical, with a vertical plate projecting * Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., XXIV. 163, 1893. 44 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. below from the proximal half down between the eye-stalks; this plate is toothed anteriorly but does not reach forward nearly to the tip of the ros- trum. The antero-lateral margin of the carapace is five-toothed; the second, third, and fourth of these teeth give rise to long thread-like cilia. There is another tooth at the angle between the postero-lateral and posterior margins ; posterior margin straight. The upper surface of the eye-stalk is covered with small tubercles, and a blunt spine projects over the cornea. The movable scale of the antenna is spiniform and bears two blunt spinules on the outer side and two smaller ones on the inner. The chelipeds are unequal (the right being the larger); coxa granulated, setose on the lower inside margin ; lower margin of the ischium and merus armed with three or four blunt teeth, superior margin of merus toothed, internal distal border setose, external distal border forming a bilobed crest; outer face of carpus flat, naked, squamous, marvins cristate, the internal crest expanded and cut into setiferous lobes ; propodite tuberculated without, smooth within, toothed and setose on superior margin ; immobile finger, as well as the dactylus, excavated within, setose ; the larger claw has blunt teeth on the fingers, while the fingers of the smaller claw have nearly straight cutting edges. The ambulatory appendages have cristiform anterior margins from the merus to the propodite inclusive ; the crest of the carpus is entire or slightly crenate, but that of the merus is bilobed, of the propodite trilobed; the posterior margins of these appendages are dentate and more or less setose ; two setiferous teeth near the proximal end of the upper face of the merus of the hind legs; the dactyli are provided with curved, acute, black tips, and with pencils of hair especially on anterior margins. The abdomen is indurated, with three rows of tuberculated plates; toward the posterior end there is a vestige of two marginal rows of small, imperfectly calcified plates. Length of carapace, 16.5 mm., breadth 16.5 mm. Station 5554. $22 fathoms. 1 male. PARALOMIS Wurrt. Proc. Zoélog. Soe. London, XXIV. 134, 1856. Through the courtesy of Mr. Benedict of the United States National Museum, I have had the privilege to examine a specimen of Lithodes granu- losus Hombr. et Jacq. (U.S. Nat. Mus. No. 12583, Straits of Magellan), the type of the genus Paralomis White. According to Mr. Benedict (im Uiz.), this PARALOMIS. 45 species is congeneric with Echinocerus cibarius White.* He therefore proposes to treat Paralomis as a synonym of Echinocerus in a paper soon to be published. The two “Challenger” species referred to Paralomis by Professor Hender- son ¢ are, as Mr. Benedict points out, generically distinct from P. granulosa. In the latter the ambulatory appendages are comparatively short (not very much longer than the chelipeds) and are tucked in underneath the body during repose, while in Henderson’s species the ambulatory legs are very long (much longer than the chelipeds) and are not capable of folding com- pactly beneath the body. After a careful examination of Paralomis granulosa 1 am disposed to recognize the genus Paralomis as distinct from Lchinocerus, and furthermore to assign Lehinocerus diomedee of my preliminary report to Paralomis. In Echinocerus as exemplified either in the type species, £. ebarius, or in L. Joraminatus Stimps., the ambulatory legs are about the same length as the chelipeds and fall below the lateral dimension of the carapace; not only do all the legs fold under the body but their segments are so modified that in an attitude of repose all of the opposed surfaces and edges are fitted together with admirable nicety, and the animal is boxed up as effectually as a tortoise in its shell. The dactyle of the left cheliped shuts over the dactyle of the right as in Calappa and, as in that genus, the immobile fingers are shortened and bent down so that their cutting edges are nearly at right angles with the long axis of the chelx ; the outer edge of the left dactyle fits throughout its whole length exactly against a tuberculous ridge along the anterior bor- der of the right hand. The antero-inferior angle of the merus is bevelled off for the reception of the chela when flexed, so that the exposed face of the chela is then on a level with the Hat expanse formed by the sternal plastron and the bases of the ambulatory legs. Furthermore, a special process devel- oped on the anterior border of the basal segment of the chelipeds locks the tips of the chelipeds to the sternum when those appendages are folded in. In order that the ambulatory legs when flexed may not project below the level of the sternal plastron, their meral segments are set at an angle with the ischia, whose inferior distal borders are raised into prominent ridges. The propodites and dactyli, when folded, impinge on these ridges, but hardly project beyond them. * Proc. Zodlog. Soc. London, XVI. 48, 1848. $ Paralomis aculeata Hend., Rep. Challenger Anomura, p. 45, Pl. V. Fig. 1, and P. formosa Hend., op. cit. p. 46, Pl. V. Fig. 2. The two species assigned to Para/omis in my preliminary report, P. aspera and P. longipes (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 164, 165) belong to the aculeata group, which Mr. Benedict proposes to call Leptolithodes. 46 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. In the genus Paralomis, as typified by P. granulosa and illustrated also by P. diomedewe, the ambulatory appendages are considerably longer than the chelipeds, and much longer than the carapace is broad; when flexed beneath the thorax, the tips of the dactyli extend over the ischia even to the basal segments; although the legs are folded beneath the body when at rest, there are none of those special modifications of structure resulting in that perfect fitting together and fixity of parts exhibited in the genus Echinocerus, as described above. The natural position of Paralomis lies between Echinocerus and Leptolithodes. Paralomis diomedez Fax. Plate VII, Fig. 3, 8°, 3°. Echinocerus diomedee@ Fax., Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 164, 1893. Carapace subpentagonal, gastric and branchial regions inflated, the whole surface beset with tubercles which give rise to minute sete. There is one rather more prominent tubercle in the depression on each side of the gastric area. Rostrum short, three-spined; one of the spines is median and inferior, two are paired near the base above; in one of the two specimens obtained the median spine is toothed below. The antero-lateral margin of the cara- pace is irregularly toothed. Eye-stalks spinulose above, with one prominent spine projecting forward over the cornea. The movable scale or spine of the antenna is spinulose on each side (four or five spines on each margin). The merus of the cheliped bears a spine on the inner side at the distal end ; the carpus is smooth outside, the inner border expanded into a seven-toothed crest setose within, the outer border straight, naked, and keeled; the chelze are of unequal size (the right being the larger), setose, spiny on the upper edge, fingers spoon-shaped within, setose and somewhat gaping. Ambulatory appendages: the meri are spinose on their edges; the ante- rior border of the carpus of the first pair is furnished with. a crest whose edge is even and entire; the propodite of the first pair is crested along the proximal half of its anterior border, while the distal half is armed with two or three teeth; the carpus and propodite of the second and third pairs are toothed on the anterior margin, the propodite of the third pair is also toothed on the posterior margin ; all the segments are hirsute, especially the dactyli. When the legs are closely folded against the sides of the carapace a wide interval is left between the carpi of the cheliped and first pair of ambulatory LEPTOLITHODES ASPER. 47 appendages, bounded by the opposite crests of these segments, and forming a passage for the admission of water to the gills. This orifice is similar to that seen in Echinocerus foraminalus Stimps., but it is not so perfectly formed. The apex of the abdomen (in the female) is turned to the right (most strongly in the larger specimen); the marginal plates are wanting on the left side; all the abdominal appendages excepting the first are aborted on the right side. Length, 64 mm.; breadth, 75 mm.; length of cheliped, 73 mm.; length of first ambulatory leg, 92 mm. (merus, 24 mm. ; carpus, 20.5 mm. ; propo- dite, 18 mm.; dactylus, 18.5 mm.). Station 3384. 458 fathoms. 1 fem. 3304, “Sli To ovie. 4 The previously known species of Paralomis comes from the Straits of Magellan. ry LEPTOLITHODES Benepicr MS. As before stated on page 45, a specimen of Paralomis granulosa in the United States National Museum clearly demonstrates the generic diversity of that species and the two forms assigned to Paralomis by Henderson in his report on the Anomura of the “Challenger” Expedition. In a paper which will be published, before the present memoir, in the seventeenth vol- ume of the Proceedings of the United States National Museum, Mr. J. E. Benedict has established the genus Lepfolithodes for the reception of Paralomis aculeata Hend. and allied species. To this genus both P. aspera and P. longipes of my preliminary report belong. Leptolithodes asper Fax. Plate VIII. Paralomis aspera Fax., Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., XXIV. 164, 1893. 5? regions well defined and prominent; the posterior portion of the postero- lateral margin is raised into a rounded irregular ridge, and there is a round- ish hump on each branchial region in front of the posterior margin of the carapace ; whole surface of carapace and abdomen thickly beset with papillee or tubercles, each one of which is encircled with a crown of stiff setae. Ros- trum short, indistinctly tripartite, multispinose, lower part armed with as Carapace pentagonal, as broad as long; gastric, cardiac, and branchial 48 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. many as five spines. A sharp dark-tipped spine at the external orbital angle, another at the antero-lateral angle of the carapace, and four or five, irregu- larly arranged, on the margin of the branchial region. The dorsal face of the second abdominal segment consists of a single plate, undivided by longitudinal sutures, with a deep depression on each side of the middle. The following segments are unsymmetrical on the two sides in the unique type specimen (female), the abdomen being twisted to the right. The lateral margins of these segments are laciniated. Eye-stalks spinulose above, eyes very black, with downward aspect. Distal segment of antennule munch longer than the antecedent segment, tuberculous above. Antennz of moderate length; outer margin of first segment spinulose ; second segment spinulose and produced on the outer side to a long spine; movable acicle reaching to the distal end of the peduncle, spinose, the longer spines marginal, one spinule on the lower side and another on th upper side near the base; the penultimate and ultimate segments of the peduncle bear small setiferous tubercles. Right cheliped more robust than its fellow, thickly beset with strong spines. Ambulatory legs of moderate length for this genus, stout, spinose like the chelipeds; their basal segments are well-nigh covered by the overlapping margin of the abdomen (in the female). Length of carapace, 113 mm.; length of rostrum; 9 mm.; breadth of carapace, 115 mm.; length of posterior ambulatory legs, 255 mm. (merus, 68 mm.; carpus, 39 mm.; propodite, 72 mm.; dactylus, 56.5 mm.). Station 5355. 695 fathoms. 1 fem. The specimen above described was infested with a huge Pedtoguster, 56 mm. in breadth. Leptolithodes longipes Fax. Plate IX. Paralomis longipes Fax., Bull. Mus. Comp. Zooél., XXIV. 165, 1893. Male. — Carapace triangular ; gastric, cardiac, and branchial regions well defined, protuberant; the most prominent part of the cardiac area attains to a higher level than the branchial areas ; whole surface of the carapace thickly covered with blunt tubercles ; viewed under a lens each tubercle is seen to be encircled with a ring of short stiff setae; one of the tubercles, situated in front of the centre of the gastric region, is spiniform. Rostrum furnished with three prominent spines, one median and inferior, two lateral and su- LEPTOLITHODES LONGIPES. 49 perior; the latter are not so long as the inferior spine; there is, besides, a spinule on the lower side of the inferior spine, and a still smaller one above, between the roots of the superior pair. There are two pairs of long spines on the anterior margin of the carapace, one at the external orbital angles, the other at the antero-lateral angles of the carapace. There are also three or four prominent spines on the side of each branchial area. Kye-stalks spinulose above. Basal segment of the antenna armed with an external spine, the second segment with several spines, the most promi- nent of which is on the outer side; acicle furnished with five prongs or spines, the largest median, the others lateral; flagellum much longer than the carapace. Cheliped of moderate size (the right one is lost from the only male specimen secured), coxa tubereulate on the lower face, the following seg- ments armed with strong spines, fingers excavated within, slightly gaping, penicillate, cutting edges entire. Ambulatory appendages very long, second and third pairs of about equal length and longer than the first pair; all of them armed, like the chelipeds, with spines; the spines tend toward a regu- lar arrangement in longitudinal rows, and the spaces between the spines are smooth and naked, 1. e. nearly free from spinules, tubercles, and sete. Second segment of the abdomen composed of a single calcified plate, marked by a deep hollow on each side of the middle. The other segments of the abdomen are of a leathery, semi-membranaceous consistency, and are made up of five longitudinal rows of plates; viz., one median row, flanked by a row on each side, the latter m turn bounded externally by a marginal series. The whole surface of the abdomen is verrucose. Leneth of carapace, including rostrum, 84 mm. ; greatest breadth of cara- pace, 78 mm.; breadth between the antero-lateral angles of carapace, 34 mm.; length of last ambulatory appendages, 242 mm. (merus, 76 mm., carpus, 36 mm., propodite, 64 mm., dactylus, 47 mm.). In the female the right chela is larger than the left, and the prehensile edges of the fingers are furnished with blunt teeth. The abdomen is unsym- metrical, the apex turned to the right, the marginal plates absent from the left side ; the right side bears but one ovigerous appendage (the first). The abdomen nearly conceals the basal segments of the thoracic legs, which in the male are almost wholly exposed. Station 3371. 770 fathoms. 1 male, 1 fem. ovig. The egg measures 2 mm. in diameter. In this species the abdominal segments posterior to the second are mem- 7 00 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. branaceous, as in the genus Dermaturus Brandt.* In all essential structural features, however, it agrees with the preceding species Piel ode asper ) and conforms to the genus Leptolithodes. A Leptolithodes, in some respects intermediate between L. longipes and L. asper, inhabits both the east and west coasts of the North Pacific (British Columbia and Japan). From this species (which is apparently undescribed) both ZL. longipes and L. asper of the tropical Pacific coast of America are probably derived. LITHODES Larr. Gen. Crust., I. 39, 1806. Lithodes panamensis Fax. Plate X., Hig. AS Le. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zo6l., XXIV. 166, 1893. Carapace subpiriform, of about equal length and breadth; gastric and branchial regions very convex; a deep depression on each side at the an- terior limit of the branchial areas, and another between the gastric and cardiac areas. Rostrum cylindrical, terminating in three spines or teeth, one of which is median, the other two lateral; a long horn, slightly up- curved, is given off from the lower side of the proximal end of the rostrum. The whole surface of the carapace is rough with low warty protuberances ; the gastric region bears two pairs of spines, the anterior pair separated by a greater interval than the posterior pair. Two small spines on each branchial area and two on the intestinal region. The orbit is bounded externally by a prominent spine, and there are five more spines on the lateral border of the carapace ; viz., one at the antero-lateral angle, one on the hepatic region, and three on the branchial. Besides these, there is a rudimentary lateral spine near the anterior limit of the branchial region. The posterior margin of the carapace is tubereulated, not spinose. The third segment of the anten- nular peduncle is equal to the first segment in length and considerably longer than the second segment. The antenne are about equal in length to the carapace without the rostrum; the second segment is armed with a long and sharp external spine ; there is, moreover, on the antenna of the right side a movable thorn-like acicle equal in length to the last two segments of * Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Impér. Sci. St. Pétersbourg, VIII. 268, 1850. ‘o- LITHODES PANAMENSIS. 51 the peduncle together ; the acicle is armed with a small tooth on the external margin midway between the base and the tip. There is no trace of an acicle on the left antenna in the type specimen, which is the only one obtained. The last segment of the peduncle is nearly twice as long as the penultimate segment. The chelipeds are furnished with scattered tubercles, a few of which assume a spiny character. The left cheliped is rather slenderer than its fellow. The ambulatory legs are long and rather slender, their meri sparsely furnished above with tubercles, which tend to assume a spiny form on the anterior and posterior margins; at the distal end of the anterior margin of the meri there is a prominent spine-like tooth; the carpi and propodites are armed with teeth, as shown in the figure; the dactyli are equipped with four short spines (two superior and two lateral) near the proximal end. The abdominal segments (of the female) are roughened by low tubercles and dentate on their margins. The lateral teeth of the mar- ginal plates of the right side are drawn out into long spines, as shown in Fig. 1°, Plate X. The tergal plate of the second abdominal segment is com- pletely fused with the epimera, showing no trace of an intervening suture. The marginal (episternal ?) plates of this segment are bounded within by a distinct suture. Length of carapace, excluding rostrum, 79 mm.; rostrum, 14 mm.; breadth of carapace, 79.5 mm.; length of posterior pair of ambulatory legs, 193 mm. (merus, 58.5 mm.; carpus, 31 mm., propodite, 54 mm., dac- tylus, 53 mm.). Station 3384. 458 fathoms. 1 fem. Lithodes panamensis finds its nearest relatives in L. turritus Ortm.,* from Japan, and L. murrayi Hend.,t from Prince Edward Island in the Southern Ocean. Two more species of Lithodes were obtained, but they are represented by specimens too young to furnish specific characters. One of these immature forms very closely resembles young individuals of Lithodes agassizii Smith, such as are represented on Plate I., Fig. 2, of Bull. Mus. Comp. Zodl., Vol. X., No. 1, and probably belongs to the same or a closely allied species. It is represented by three individuals (the largest 14 mm. long) from Station 3365, 1010 fathoms, Station 3407, 885 fathoms, and Station 3418, 660 * Ortmann, Zoolog. Jahrb., Abth. f. Syst., VI. 320, Taf. XIT. Fig. 26, 1892. + Henderson, Rep. Challenger Anomura, p. 43, Plate IV., 1888. 02 STALK-EYED CRUSTACEA. fathoms. The other species is represented by a single example from Sta- tion 3425, 680 fathoms, and is portrayed on Plate X., Fig. 2. The rostrum in this specimen is more than one half as long as the rest of the carapace, and is forked at the tip, as in Z. maia (Linn.) and L. murrayi Hend. There is a long spine on the lower side of the base of the rostrum, directed for- ward, and there are two pairs of lateral rostral spines. The second anten- nal segment is armed with a long spine which bears a short spinule on its outer side near the base. Length of carapace without the rostrum, 17 mm. ; length of rostrum, 9 mm.; breadth of carapace, 16 mm. Famity CCENOBITID. CaGENOBITA Larr. Fam. Nat. pp. 276, 277, 1825 [Cénobite]; Ouvier’s Regne Animal, 2° éd., [V. 77, 1829 [ Cenobita]. Coenobita compressus Gu#r. Voyage de ‘ La Coquille,” Zool., T. II., Part II., 1'¢ Div., p. 29, 1830. Indefatigable Island, Galapagos, 1 male in shell of Nerita scabricosta. Acapulco, Mexico, 21 specimens in shells of Nerita, Nassa, Murex, Terebra, Purpura, Modulus, Cerithium, Natica, ete. Guérin’s types of this widely distributed and variable species came from Payta, Peru.