580,5

FB

V, 20:5-7

V, 22:6-10

1942

cop, 2

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STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I.

BY

FRANCIS DROUJET

CURATOR OF CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY

BOTANICAL SERIES

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

VOLUME 20, NUMBER 6

JUNE 15, 1942

PUBLICATION 519

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I.

BY

FRANCIS DROUET

CURATOR OF CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY

BOTANICAL SERIES

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
VOLUME 20, NUMBER 6

JUNE 15, 1942
PUBLICATION 519

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I.

FRANCIS DROUET

Specimens cited here are to be found in herbaria as indicated
by the following abbreviations: C, Herbarium of the University of
California; D, Herbarium of Francis Drouet; F, Farlow Herbarium
of Harvard University; FM, Cryptogamic Herbarium, Field Museum
of Natural History; N, Herbarium of the New York Botanical
Garden; P, Herbarium of the University of Pennsylvania; T, Her-
barium of William Randolph Taylor; U, United States National
Herbarium.

POLYCYSTIS glauca (Wolle) Drouet & W. A. Daily, comb. nov.
Anacystis glauca Wolle Bull. Torr. Club 6: 182. 1877. Microcystis
glauca (Wolle) Drouet & Daily Field Mus. Bot. Ser. 20: 73. 1939.—
This transfer is made necessary in the revival of the generic name
Polycystis Kiitz.; see Daily in Amer. Midi. Nat. vol. 27. 1942.

APHANOCAPSA Farlowiana Drouet & Daily, sp. nov. Plantae
aquaticae, natantes, sphaericae vel ovoideae saepe tuberculatae,
duriusculae, laete aerugineae, diametro 1-5 mm. crassae, gelatina
hyalina et firma; cellulis sphaericis, diametro 2 M ad 3 n crassis,
aerugineis, protoplasmate granuloso. Fig. 4. — Floating in shallow
fresh water. This species has cells similar in size to those of A.
Richteriana Hieron. but can be readily distinguished from the latter
by the shape and consistency of the mass. It is named in honor of
the late Professor William G. Farlow of Harvard University. Speci-
mens seen, MASSACHUSETTS: floating in Oyster pond, Falmouth,
R. N. Webster & Drouet 2156, July 1938 (TYPE in herb. F. Drouet;
isotypes, C, F, N), idem, V. Trombetta & Drouet 2184, Sept. 1937
(D), idem, J. Bader, July 1938 (D); Hammonds pond, Newton,
W. G. Farlow, Oct. 1890 (C, F, FM).

PLEUROCAPSA Kerneri (Hansg.) Drouet, comb. nov. Xeno-
coccus Kerneri Hansg. Physiol. & Algol. Stud. 111. 1887. X. acer-
vatus Setch. & Gardn. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 459. 1918. Micro-
cystis splendens Hollenb. Bull. Torr. Club 66: 493. 1939. M. ovalis
Hollenb. loc. cit. 1939. Plantae microscopicae, epiphyticae, aeru-
gineae, primum pulvinatae demum hemisphaericae usque ad fere
sphaericae, matrice gelatinosa hyalina vel luteola non aut vix
lamellosa; cellulis aerugineis, sphaericis vel hemisphaericis vel
polyhedroideis, vulgo ad 6 n (raro usque ad 15 M) crassis, proto-
plasmate vix granuloso. — Epiphytic on other algae in fresh and

125

126 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

brackish water, rarely in marine water. Hansgirg's name Xeno-
coccus Kerneri is here accepted on the basis of specimens interpreted
thus by Ed. Bornet in the Farlow Herbarium. The plants in these
specimens have cells separated by gelatinous material and are there-
fore quite different from those of species of Xenococcus and Dermo-
carpa, which possess distinct cell walls and do not produce a gela-
tinous matrix. The type material of Xenococcus acervatus Setch.
& Gardn. distributed as Pleurocapsa amethystea var. Schmidtii
Gardn. in Phyc. Bor.-amer. 1704 is excellent material of Pleurocapsa
Kerneri as described above. The isotypic specimen of Microcystis
splendens Hollenb. and M. ovalis Hollenb. in the Cryptogamic
Herbarium of Field Museum consists of plants developed in culture
which I can explain only as peculiar growths of this species under
special conditions, some of the cells having become greatly enlarged
and subsequently divided into numerous gonidia. Specimens seen,
MAINE: on Rhodochorton and Sphacelaria, Eagle island, F. S.
Collins 2113, July 1891 (F). MASSACHUSETTS: on Cladophora,
Magnolia, W. G. Farlow, Sept. 1903 (F, FM); tide pool, Cohasset,
Collins, Oct. 1901 (F; as Xenococcus Kerneri in Phyc. Bor.-amer.
952, FM); on Rhizoclonium, clay pit, Medford, Collins 5509, Sept.
1906 (F). NEW YORK: on Cladophora expansa in pool in salt marshes,
Cold Spring Harbor, L. N. Johnson 1055, Aug. 1894 (F). CALI-
FORNIA: in pools in salt marsh near Berkeley, N. L. Gardner, Nov.
1905 (as Pleurocapsa amethystea var. Schmidtii in Phyc. Bor.-amer.
1704, isotype of Xenococcus acervatus Setch. & Gardn., FM); in old
cultures of phaeophyceae, La Verne, G. J. Hollenberg 2179c, d,
Dec. 1937 (isotype of Microcystis splendens Hollenb. and M. ovalis
Hollenb., FM). SONORA: on back of a turtle in a pool, Union,
Hermosillo, Drouet & D. Richards 3020, Nov. 1939 (FM).

PLEUROCAPSA Deeveyi Drouet, sp. nov. Plantae microscopicae
planctonicae multicellulares plus minusve sphaericae, usque ad 200
M crassae, matrice gelatinosa hyalina demum luteola, arcta; cellulis
aerugineis vel luteolis, polyhedroideis, raro hemisphaericis vel
sphaericis, compactis, usque ad 7 ju crassis, protoplasmate haud
granuloso. — Planktonic in brackish water. The habit of the plants
reminds one forcibly of that of Gomphosphaeria aponina Kiitz. and
of Botryococcus Braunii Kiitz., but the detailed structure is very
different from that of either. It is possible that Pleurocapsa Deeveyi
is a peculiar growth-form of P. fuliginosa Hauck, a species to be
expected in such brackish water. The new species is named in
honor of Dr. E. S. Deevey of the Rice Institute. Specimens seen,

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 127

TEXAS: La Sal Viejo, Willoughby county, Deevey, Jan. 1941 (TYPE
in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum); La Sal del Rey,
Hidalgo county, Deevey, Nov. 1941 (FM).

CHROOCOCCUS sonorensis Drouet & Daily, sp. nov. Plantae
microscopicae 1-20-cellulares, irregulariter sphaericae vel ovoideae
saepe lobatae, inter alias algas aquaticas crescentes, matrice gela-
tinosa hyalina homogenea non lamellosa, externe arete delimitata
vel diffluenti; cellulis aerugineis sphaericis vel hemisphaericis, dis-
tantibus, 3 n usque ad 7 /* crassis, protoplasmate baud granuloso.
Fig. 1. — Mixed with other algae in brackish water. The species is
similar to the planktonic C. limneticus Lemm. of fresh water, but
the plants are smaller and often lobate, and the cells seldom remain
hemispherical for a long period as do those of C. limneticus. Speci-
mens seen, SONORA: in pools of brackish water at the beach 4 km.
east of Guaymas, Drouet & D. Richards 3296 (FM), 3298 (TYPE in
Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum), Dec. 1939.

CHROOCOCCUS Prescottii Drouet & Daily, sp. nov. Plantae
microscopicae praecipuius cubicae, haud raro polydehroideae vel
plus minusve sphaericae, 1-32-cellulares, laete aeruginosae, inter
alias algas aquaticas crescentes, matrice gelatinosa hyalina homo-
genea vel obscure lamellosa, externe arete delimitata vel diffluenti;
cellulis aerugineis, sphaericis vel fere hemisphaericis, 4 n usque ad
7 n crassis, protoplasmate homogeneo vel sparse tenui-granuloso.
Fig. 2 — In shallow fresh water. This is the organism referred to
by Prescott & Croasdale, Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 56: 270, f. 9
(1937), under the name Eucapsis alpina. Plants of E. alpina Clem.
& Shantz (if we can judge by the meager type material in the United
States National Herbarium) have much smaller cells than do those
of Chroococcus Prescottii; these cells are of a size and compact arrange-
ment characteristic of Merismopoedia glauca (Ehrenb.) Kiitz.; the
gelatinous matrix is homogeneous. Chroococcus Prescottii, on the
other hand, has large cells widely spaced in a gelatinous matrix
that is often obscurely lamellose. The plants are very similar to
those of C. limneticus Lemm., but with more regular arrangement
of cells and less broad gelatinous matrix. This new species is named
in honor of Professor Gerald W. Prescott of Albion College. Speci-
mens seen, MASSACHUSETTS: Desmid Haven, West Falmouth, H.
Croasdale, July 1935 (D), idem, C. M. Palmer, Aug. 1937 (TYPE in
herb. F. Drouet; isotypes, C, F, N). MICHIGAN: Bryant's bog
near Douglas lake, Cheboygan county, H. A. Gleason Jr., July
1935 (T).

128 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

ENTOPHYSALIS cryptarum (Farl.) Drouet, comb. nov. Chroo-
thece (?) cryptarum Farl. in Coll. Hold. & Setch. Phyc. Bor.-amer.
16: 752. 1900. Stratum gelatinosum, laete aerugineum vel luteolum
vel fuscum vel roseum, 3 — 4 mm. crassum, fills 1-pluri-cellularibus,
tortuosis, compacte aggregatis, ramosis; vaginis hyalinis vel luteis,
arete delimitatis, conspicue lamellosis; cellulis aerugineis, sphaericis
vel cylindricis, 2 M ad 4 n crassis, praecipuius ad 5 n longis, baud
raro usque ad 6 n longis, protoplasmate non granuloso. — On wet
limestone. As noted by Farlow, this species is reminiscent of the
the green alga Urococcus; in habit and in certain morphological
details it resembles U. Hookerianus (Hass.) Kiitz. Because of the
strictly filamentous structure of the plants, it is placed here in
Entophysalis. Specimens seen, BERMUDA: in caves by the seashore,
W. G. Farlow, Jan. 1900 (TYPE in Farlow Herbarium; isotype in
Phyc. Bor.-amer. 752, FM) ; Aggar's cave, Farlow, 1881 (F). PUERTO
RICO: high littoral in sluice-way, San Juan, M. A. Howe 2130,
May 1903 (F). JAMAICA: on wall of a littoral cavern below Fort
Clarence near Kingston, Howe 4651, Dec. 1906 (FM). GUATEMALA:
rocks and cliff, Rio Dulce above Livingston, Dept. Izabal, J. A.
Steyermark 39439, 39440, Apr. 1940 (FM). VENEZUELA: wet rocks,
Margarita island, A. F. Blakeslee, 1903 (F).

DERMOCARPA Gardneriana Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum violaceum
compactum, plantis saepe inter alias algas sedentarias crescentibus;
cellulis plus minusve compactis, aerugineis vel violaceis, inferne
sphaericis vel cum mutua pressione polyhedroideis, vulgo circa
3 M ad 10 M crassis, superne crassioribus atque haud raro perfecte
sphaericis diametro usque ad 40 M crassis, protoplasmate homogeneo,
membrana cellulae tenui hyalina; cellulis grandis in pluribus gonidiis
dividentibus. — On rocks and shells in fresh water. This species,
with its compact strata of many spherical cells, resembles closely
D. violacea Crouan of marine habitats. The plants are readily
parasitized by fungi. This species is named in memory of the late
Professor Nathaniel L. Gardner of the University of California.
Specimens seen, FLORIDA: on stones, Gainesville, M. A. Brannon 40,
Feb. 1942 (FM); in a collecting bottle, Gainesville, Brannon 47,
Mar. 1942 (FM). NEBRASKA: on pebbles in creek bed 8 miles north
of Max, Dundy county, W. Kiener 10595, July 1941 (FM). CALI-
FORNIA: culture of algae from Lake Merced, San Francisco, Gardner
6837, Oct. 1931 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum;
isotype, C); on shells, Mountain lake, San Francisco, W. J. V.
Osterhout & Gardner, June 1902 (as Pleurocapsa concharum in Phyc.
Bor.-amer. 1051, FM); on dripping rocks in hot water, the Geysers,

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 129

Sonoma county, Gardner & L. Bonar 7519, Aug. 1933 (C, FM);
in warm water on a cement runway, Seigler hot springs, Napa county,
Gardner 7474, Aug. 1933 (C, FM).

DERMOCARPA Setchellii Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum violaceum,
tenue, late effusum, cellulis compactis, violaceis, inferne sphaericis
vel polyhedroideis, vulgo circa 3 n usque ad 6 M crassis, superiore
crassioribus atque ovoideis vel pyriformibus vel plus minusve
cylindraceis usque ad 15 M crassis et 25 n longis, protoplasmate
homogeneo, membrana cellulae tenui hyalina; cellulis grandis in
pluribus gonidiis dividentibus. — On rocks in warm fresh water.
The ovoid and pyriform upper cells in the stratum distinguish this
species easily from D. Gardneriana and from D. violacea Crouan.
It is named in honor of Professor William A. Setchell of the University
of California. Specimens seen, CALIFORNIA: Harlem hot springs,
San Bernardino county, Setchell 1560, Dec. 1896 (TYPE in Crypto-
gamic Herbarium of Field Museum; isotype, C).

DERMOCARPA Hollenbergii Drouet, sp. nov. Cellulae solitariae
vel aggregatae, epiphyticae, aerugineae vel violaceae, sphaericae vel
cum mutua pressione polyhedroideae, diametro vulgo 3 M ad 15 ju
(usque ad 20 /*) crassae, protoplasmate homogeneo vel sparse grosse-
granuloso, membrana cellulae tenui hyalina; cellulis grandis in
pluribus gonidiis dividentibus. — Epiphytic on filamentous algae in
fresh water. This species resembles most closely D. Schousboei
(Thur.) Born, of brackish and marine waters. It is named in honor
of Professor George J. Hollenberg of the University of Redlands.
One collection seen, CALIFORNIA: on Rhizoclonium in a small pond
at Old Woman springs, Mojave desert, Hollenberg 2084, May 1937
(TYPE in herb. F. Drouet).

DERMOCARPA Solheimii Drouet, sp. nov. Cellulae epiphyticae
aerugineae, solitariae vel aggregatae, sphaericae vel subcylindraceae
vel subpyriformes, diametro vulgo 2 ^ ad 4 n (usque ad 5 M) crassae,
ad 5 n longae, protoplasmate homogeneo, membrana cellulae tenui
indistincta hyalina; cellulis grandis in paucis gonidiis dividentibus.
—Epiphytic on larger algae and on roots of vascular plants in fresh
water. This species is rather similar to but smaller than the marine
D, Schousboei (Thur.) Born, and the freshwater D. Hollenbergii
Drouet. It is named in honor of Professor W. G. Solheim of the
University of Wyoming. Specimens seen, WYOMING: in stream in
an open meadow above University Camp, Medicine Bow national
forest, Solheim 53, June 1933 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of
Field Museum), idem 108, July 1933 (FM).

130 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

DERMOCARPA minuta Drouet, sp. nov. Cellulae epiphyticae
aerugineae solitariae vel aggregatae, sphaericae ad subcylindraceae
vel ovoidea, diametro 1 ^ ad 3 /* crassae, usque ad 4 /z longae, proto-
plasmate homogeneo, membrana cellulae indistincta hyalina.—
Epiphytic on filamentous algae in fresh water. This is the smallest
of the species of Dermocarpa; if the cells were not of so brilliant a
blue-green color they might well be interpreted as bacteria. D.
minuta is related morphologically to D. Solheimii described above
and D. Schousboei (Thur.) Born. Specimens seen, CALIFORNIA:
culture of algae from Tiburon, Marin county, N. L. Gardner 6916,
Oct. 1931 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum;
isotype, C); in an aquarium, University of California, Berkeley,
Gardner 8012, Nov. 1936 (C, FM).

FREMYELLA striatula (Hy) Drouet, comb. nov. Microchaete
striatula Hy Journ. de Bot. 1: 193. 1887. Leptobasis striatula (Hy)
Elenk. Bull. Jard. Bot. Imp. Pierre le Grand 15: 21. 1915.— J. DeToni
in Noter. Nomencl. Algol. VIII (1936) proposed the generic name
Fremyella to supplant the preoccupied Microchaete Thur. ex Born.
& Flah.

FREMYELLA longifila (W. R. Tayl.) Drouet, comb. nov. Calo-
thrix longifila W. R. Tayl. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Papers Tortugas
Lab. 25: 51, pi. 2, f. 8. 1928.— The type of this species in herb.
Win. R. Taylor (FLORIDA: on Cladophora and Chaetomorpha at
moat, Garden key, Dry Tortugas, Taylor 134, June 1924) contains
filaments of a species more properly referred to as a member of the
genus Fremyella than one of Calothrix, as the author's description
and figure indicate.

PORPHYROSIPHON Velasquezii Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum aeru-
gineum vel fusco-viride, crustosum, late expansum, filis longis,
inferne tortuosis et compacte intertextis, superne in fascicules
breves coalitis; vaginis primum hyalinis demum pallide roseis et
fusco-rubris, tenuibus, inconspicue lamellosis, chlorozincico iodurato
caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis, 3 /* ad 5 n crassis, ad
genicula paullo constrictis, ad apices leviter attenuatis; articulis
diametro usque ad duplo longioribus, dissepimentis pellucidis non
granulatis, protoplasmate aerugineo tenui-granuloso ; cellula apicali
conica, membrana superna non incrassata. Fig. — 5. Forming crusts
on soil wet intermittently with fresh water. The trichomes are
smaller than those of P. fuscus Gom. and, unlike those of the latter
species, are constricted at the cross-walls. This species is named
in honor of Dr. Gregorio T. Velasquez of the University of the

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 131

Philippines. Specimens seen, PHILIPPINES : side of the campus usually
wet with fresh water from the laboratory, Biological Station, Puerto
Galera, Mindoro, Velasquez 1077, May 1941 (TYPE in Cryptogamic
Herbarium of Field Museum) ; along the path at Dulangan, Puerto
Galera, Mindoro, Velasquez 1093, May 1941 (FM); along the side-
walk of Pennsylvania street, Ermite, Manila, Velasquez 98, Nov.
1939 (FM).

SCHIZOTHRIX rivularis (Wolle) Drouet, comb. nov. Lyngbya
Phormidium var. rivularis Wolle ex Forti Syll. Myxophyc. 304.
1907; Wolle Fresh Water Alg. U. S. 299, pi. cci, f. 21. 1887. Sym-
ploca Muscorum var. rivularis Tild. ex Forti loc. cit. 1907. Caespites
molles gelatinosae fasciculatae ad 10 cm. altae, superne aerugineae
vel violaceae, intus et inferne decoloratae, vaginis hyalinis, superne
tenuibus, inferne crassis, saepe omnino diffluentibus, chlorozincico
iodurato laete caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis vel roseis,
fragilibus, facile disintegrantibus, 5 ju ad 11 /x crassis, ad genicula
constrictis, ad apices attenuatis et conicis; articulis subquadratis,
plus minusve brevioribus vel longioribus, dissepimentis non granu-
latis, protoplasmate granules refringentes majores continent! ; cellula
apicali longe et obtuse conica. — On rocks, larger plants, and other
substrata in running fresh water. This is a very delicate species
of Gomont's section Inactis, related morphologically to S. tinctoria
Gom. and S. mexicana Gom. Unless fresh material is dried very
rapidly, the trichomes disintegrate and stain the mounting paper
violet. This fact led me to infer in Field Mus. Bot. Ser. 20: 54 (1939)
that Wolle's original specimens were impossible to identify with
known species of Myxophyceae. In many respects S. rivularis
reminds one of Phormidium tinctorium Gom., especially in plants
with the sheaths totally diffluent. The brilliantly blue color produced
in the sheath material during treatment with chlor-zinc-iodine is
very characteristic of Schizothrix rivularis but never seen in Phor-
midium tinctorium. Moreover, in the latter the apices of the tri-
chomes are short-conical; in the former they are long-attenuate and
very similar to those of Schizothrix purpurascens Gom. The speci-
mens distributed as Symploca Muscorum var. rivularis in Tild. Amer.
Alg. 67 are referred to below under Lyngbya Giuseppei. Specimens
of Schizothrix rivularis seen, QUEBEC: attached to water plants in
the St. Lawrence river, Longueuil near Montreal, J. Brunei 31,
Aug. 1930 (FM); Back river near Montreal, Brunei 57, Sept. 1930
(FM). PENNSYLVANIA: attached to stones in the Lehigh river,
F. Wolle, 1878 (TYPE in Herbarium of the University of Penn-
sylvania), idem July 1879 (F, N, P). VIRGINIA: attached to sub-

132 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

merged debris in Wolf creek about 5 miles east of Rocky Gap,
Bland county, E. S. Luttrell & J. C. Strickland 1003, Aug. 1941
(FM). OHIO: wet rocks of waterfall, Burnet Woods lake, Cincinnati,
L. Lillick & Lee 260, Oct. 1933 (D). WISCONSIN: Plum creek, Sayner
fish hatchery, Vilas county, G. W. Prescott 3w33, Aug. 1938 (FM) ;
Barber lake, Chippewa drainage, Sawyer county, Prescott 3wl97,
Aug. 1938 (FM).

SCHIZOTHRIX roseola (Gardn.) Drouet, comb. nov. Symploca
roseola Gardn. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 49. 1927. Leptothrix
symplocoides Dickie Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 15: 240. 1876 [not Schizo-
thrix symplocoides (Gardn.) Geitl. Rabenh. Krypt.-Fl. 14: 1078.
1932]. Schizothrix rosea Gardn. N. Y. Acad. Sci. Sci. Surv. Porto
Rico 8: 287. 1932 [not Gardn. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 53 1927].
Stratum roseum vel fuscum, crustaceum, filis tenuibus, tortuosis,
flexilibus, superne in fasciculos erectes vel repentes coalitis, inferne
pseudoramosis; vaginis primum hyalinis et tenuibus demum roseis
vel fusco-rubris et crassioribus, erosis, chlorozincico iodurato caerules-
centibus; trichomatibus aerugineis, 1 n ad 2.5 M crassis, cylindraceis,
ad genicula passim leviter constrictis, ad apices non attenuatis;
cellulis subquadratis vel diametro longioribus, dissepimentis interdum
granulatis, protoplasmate praecipue homogeneo; cellula apicali
rotundata. — On rocks and soil periodically wet with fresh water.
This species belongs in Gomont's section Chromosiphon with other
species possessing red sheaths. Although in Amer. Journ. Bot. 25:
665 (1938) I cited Leptothrix symplocoides Dickie as a synonym of
Schizothrix lardacea Gom., further studies of the type material show
that the sheaths are red in older and exposed parts of the mass.
Gardner described similar material from Puerto Rico in 1927 under
the name Symploca roseola. Another specimen of the same thing
is cited by him as the type of Schizothrix rosea in his 1932 paper in
correcting an editorial error in his 1927 paper wherein the intended
description of S. rosea was omitted and that of his S. chalybea minor,
Sci. Surv. Porto Rico 8: 287 (1932) [which I interpret from the
original specimens as typical S. purpurascens var. cruenta Gom.]
was substituted in its place. S. rosea Gardn. as published in Mem.
N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 53 (1927) must be regarded (even in the most
liberal and sympathetic interpretation) strictly as having priority
over S. chalybea minor Gardn. and as constituting an earlier homonym
of S. rosea Gardn., Sci. Surv. Porto Rico 8: 287 (1932). Geitler in
Rabenh. Krypt.-Fl. 14: 1101 (1932) has written a description for
S. rosea Gardn. which applies to neither of the type specimens
referred to by Gardner. Specimens seen, FLORIDA: on moist sand,

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 133

region of Hendry creek about 10 miles south of Fort Myers, Lee
county, P. C. Standley 73463, Mar. 1940 (FM). ALABAMA: Auburn,
Lee county, C. L. Pollard & W. R. Maxon 64, July 1900 (FM, U).
WYOMING: hot lake deposit, Fountain geyser basin, Yellowstone
National Park, W. A. Setchell, 1898 (C, FM). PUERTO RICO: 10 km.
north of Utuado, N. Willie 1032b (isotype of Symploca roseola
Gardn., C); Mayaguez, Wille 880c (isotype of S. rosea Gardn. 1932,
C, FM). GUATEMALA: on muddy bank near Puerto Barrios, Dept.
Izabal, Standley 72569a, Apr.-May 1939 (FM). NETHERLANDS
EAST INDIES: fumarole of volcano, Gunong Api, Banda islands,
H. N. Moseley, Challenger Expedition (TYPE of Leptothrix symplo-
coides Dickie in British Museum (Natural History)).

SCHIZOTHRIX Giuseppe! Drouet, nom. nov. Microcoleus sociatus
var. minor Gardn. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 57, pi. 11, f. 6. 1927
[not Gardn. ibid. 7: 54. 1927]. Stratum aerugineum vel nigro-
aerugineum, crustaceum, filis longis fasciculatim ramificantibus,
inferne intertextis, superne in fascicules erectos repentesve saepe
tortos coalitis; vaginis primum hyalinis demum interne pallide
caeruleis -vel chalybeis, latis, lamellosis, ambitu erosis, chlorozincico
iodurato laete caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis vel luteolo-
aerugineis, longis, rectis, fragilibus, 2 /LI ad 4 ju crassis, ad genicula
non constrictis, ad apices abrupte attenuatis et acuminatis, articulis
diametro usque ad 3-plo longioribus, dissepimentis haud granulatis,
protoplasmate non aut vix granuloso, celluia apicali longe et plus
minusve acute conica. — On soil and rocks wet intermittently with
fresh water. This species belongs with other blue-sheathed species
of Gomont's Section Chromosiphon. The new name, in honor of
Dr. Giuseppe DeToni of Brescia, is proposed to replace the second
of the two Microcoleus sociatus vars. minor published by Gardner
in the same paper. It is true that five years later Gardner in Sci.
Surv. Porto Rico 8: 286 (1932) recorded the trinomial Schizothrix
thelephoroides minor to supplant the Microcoleus sociatus var. minor
of Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 54 (the type material of which proves
to be the very usual and typical Schizothrix thelephoroides Gom.),
but he did not indicate its subspecific status. It is hoped that the
new name, S. Giuseppei, will obviate the confusion and ambiguity
of this peculiar situation. Specimens seen, PUERTO RICO: on lime-
stone, Arecibo to Hatillo, N. Wille 1392a, Feb. 1915 (isotypes, C,
FM). SONORA: on a gravel bank at foot of Sierra de Calera
south of Villa de Sens, Drouet & D. Richards 2937, Nov. 1939
(FM).

134 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

HYDROCOLEUM confluens (Setch. & Gardn.) Drouet, comb. nov.
Microcoleus confluens Setch. & Gardn. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6:
471, pi. 40. f. 25. 1918. — This species is undoubtedly a Hydrocoleum,
with trichomes reminiscent of those of H. lyngbyaceum Gom. Speci-
mens seen, CALIFORNIA: on rocks, Lands End, San Francisco, N. L.
Gardner 1641, Jan. 1906 (TYPE in Herbarium of the University of
California; isotype, FM), idem 3694, Mar. 1917 (C, FM); on boards
at high tide mark, Presidio, San Francisco, Gardner 4481 , Nov. 1919
(C, FM).

PLECTONEMA Cloverianum Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum expansum
ad dua millimetra crassum gelatinosum pannosum laete aerugineum,
filis flexilibus, elongatis, compacte intertextis vel superne parallels,
in spiras laxas regulares contortis, haud raro irregulariter tortilibus
interdum rectis, inferne sparse pseudo-ramosis; vaginis cylindraceis
firmis, primum arctis et laevibus, aetate provecta crassioribus,
chlorozincico iodurato laete caerulescentibus; trichomatibus circa
2 (JL crassis, ad genicula constrictis (in speciminibus in formalina con-
servatis), ad apices quasi-capitatis non attenuatis; articulis diametro
trichomatis usque ad quadruple longioribus, ad apices brevioribus,
dissepimentis binis granulis crassis vulgo notatis, protoplasmate
passim granuloso; cellula apicali obovoidea, membrana superna non
incrassata. Fig. 3. — On wet rocks and cliffs. The species is perhaps
most closely related to P. Nostocorum Gom., but the trichomes are
more robust and the filaments are characterized by the coiled habit
noted above. P. Cloverianum is named in honor of Professor Elzada
U. Clover of the University of Michigan. Specimens seen, COLORADO :
on sandstone cliff near Dolores river, Montezuma county, G. Pir-
anian, July 1935 (FM). UTAH: on limestone ledge on the south
wall of the main canyon above Dark canyon rapids, Colorado river,
San Juan county, Clover & L. Jotter 35 (FM), 36 (TYPE in Herbarium
of the University of Michigan; isotype, FM), July 1938.

LYNGBYA Chungii Drouet, sp. nov. Caespites violaceae usque
ad 4 centimetra longae, lubricae, filis rectis saepe flexuosis, fragilibus;
vaginis arctis, tenuibus, hyalinis, chlorozincico iodurato non aut
vix caerulescentibus; trichomatibus pallide violaceis, 4 \i ad 6 \L
crassis, ad genicula non aut passim leviter constrictis, ad apices
non attenuatis; articulis subquadratis vel diametro usque duplo
longioribus, dissepimentis non granulatis, protoplasmate non granu-
loso, cellula apicali rotundata, membrana superna leviter incrassata.
— On rocks in marine waters. This new species is very similar to
the epiphytic L. gracilis Gom., but the cells are much longer than

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 135

those of the latter species. It is named in honor of Professor H. H.
Chung. Specimens seen, CHINA: on rock, seashore, Kulangsu,
Amoy, Fukien province, Chung A624, July 1926 (TYPE in Herbarium
of the University of California; isotype, FM), Chung A594, June
1926 (C).

LYNGBYA Giuseppei Drouet, sp. nov. Caespites ad tria centi-
metra altae, molles, aerugineae vel roseae, filis longis flexilibus;
vaginis hyalinis papyraceis haud lamellosis, chlorozincico iodurato
laete caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis vel pallide roseis,
ad genicula leviter constrictis, ad apices non attenuatis, 5 /x ad 10 n
crassis; articulis curtis diametro 3-6-plo brevioribus, dissepimentis
passim granulatis, protoplasmate tenui-granuloso ; cellula apicali
rotundata, membrana superna non aut vix incrassata. Fig. 8.—
In fresh water. This species is somewhat similar to L. putealis
Gom., but with shorter cells and less constricted trichomes. It is
named in honor of Professor Giuseppe DeToni of Brescia. Specimens
seen, NEW YORK: on brick and plaster sides of spring, Lebanon Springs,
Columbia county, A. K. Harrison, Jan. 1895 (TYPE in herb. F.
Drouet; isotype, F). MINNESOTA: attached to stones in aquaria in
the zoological laboratory, Minneapolis, J. E. Tilden, Nov. 1894
(as Symploca Muscorum var. rivularis in Tild. Amer. Alg.
67, FM).

LYNGBYA Patrickiana Drouet, sp. nov. Caespites aerugineae
ad 5 cm. altae molles, filis longis rectis fragilibus; vaginis primum
membranaceis demum crassioribus et lamellosis, chlorozincico
iodurato laete caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis cylindraceis,
5 M ad 10 n crassis, ad genicula haud constrictis, ad apices non at-
tenuatis; articulis diametro 3-6-plo brevioribus, dissepimentis con-
spicuis, non aut subtiliter granulatis, protoplasmate tenui-granuloso;
cellula apicali rotundata, membrana superna non aut vix incrassata.
Fig. 10. — On rocks and wood in fresh water. This species is similar
in general appearance to L. Giuseppei described above, but the
sheaths are more robust, the trichomes never constricted, and the
cross-walls not granulated. L. Patrickiana is named in honor of Dr.
Ruth Patrick of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia.
Specimens seen; FLORIDA: about 10 miles from Hollywood on high-
way F149, Broward county, Patrick, 1939 (TYPE in Cryptogamic
Herbarium of Field Museum); freshwater pool, region of Hendry
creek about 10 miles south of Fort Myers, Lee county, P. C. Standley
73246, Mar. 1940 (FM). CEARA: on rocks in Rio Maceio near
Mucuripe, Fortaleza, S. Wright 2061, Mar. 1937 (D).

136 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

LYNGBYA guaymensis Drouet, sp. nov. Fila inter alias algas
subsalsas crescentia, longa, tortilia, plus minusve rigida, aeruginea,
vaginis hyalinis, primum tenuibus demum crassioribus, ambitu
saepe erosis, chlorozincico iodurato non caerulescentibus; tricho-
matibus aerugineis, 2 /j. ad 4 /JL crassis, ad genicula evidenter con-
strictis, ad apices non attenuatis; articulis diametro vulgo brevioribus
raro subquadratis, dissepimentis non granulatis, protoplasmate baud
granuloso; cellula apicali rotundata, membrana externa non in-
crassata. Fig. 9. — Growing in muck in brackish pools along the sea-
shore. But for the rigid habit, the distinctly constricted trichomes,
the reaction of the sheath to chlor-zinc-iodine, and the lack of granules
at the cross-walls, this species is reminiscent of the freshwater
L. versicolor Gom., to which it seems most closely related. The
filaments are also somewhat similar to those of the epiphytic marine
L. Simmonsiae (Coll.) Drouet and the marine Plectonema Battersii
Gom. Specimens seen, SONORA: in the margin of a brackish pond,
cove north of Cabo Arco, Guaymas, Drouet & D. Richards 8344,
Dec. 1939 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum),
idem 3388, 3339, 3341 (FM); in shallow brackish water of a sand
pit on beach 4 km. east of Guaymas, Drouet & Richards 3295, 3296,
Dec. 1939 (FM). GUATEMALA: salt flat near San Jose", Dept. Escu-
intla, P. C. Standley 63979, Jan. 1939 (FM).

PHORMIDIUM minnesotense (Tild.) Drouet, comb. nov. Oscilla-
toria minnesotensis Tild. Amer. Alg. 6: 596. 1902. Stratum pulchre
aerugineum tenue gelatinosum, vaginis diffluentibus hyalinis, chloro-
zincico iodurato haud caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis
rigidis fragilibus rectis, compacte et paralleliter consociatis, 2 /z
ad 3 M crassis, ad genicula constrictis, ad apices non attenuatis;
articulis subquadratis usque ad duplo brevioribus, dissepimentis
non granulatis, protoplasmate homogeneo; cellula apicali rotundata,
membrana superna non incrassata. — In shallow fresh water and on
soil almost constantly wet with fresh water. The species belongs
with other torulose members of the genus, perhaps next to P. persi-
cinum Gom. Miss Tilden states that she described this as a species
of Oscillatoria because the trichomes in the fresh material were
oscillating rapidly; she here ascribes a property common to all
species of the Oscillatoriaceae to those of a single genus. Specimens
seen, TENNESSEE: greenhouse soil, Centennial park, Nashville,
H. C. Bold 164, Oct. 1938 (FM). INDIANA: old bed of Whitewater
river, Richmond, L. J. King 81, Sept. 1940 (FM). ILLINOIS: road-
side ditch near Calumet lake, Chicago, King & J. 0. Young, July

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 137

1941 (FM). MINNESOTA: on sides of a stone quarry under dripping
water near university campus, Minneapolis, G. Lilley, Feb. 1902
(isotype in Tild. Amer. Alg. 596, FM). MISSOURI: margin of Goose
lake 4 miles south of Clinton, Henry county, C. Shoop & J. A.
Steyermark 201, Sept. 1938 (FM). NEBRASKA: emergent wet soil
of pool, Lincoln, W. Kiener 10174, June 1941 (FM).

PHORMIDIUM Groesbeckianum Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum
aerugineum tenue, saepe inter alias myxophyceas thermales cres-
cens, vaginis hyalinis omnino diffluentibus, chlorozincico iodurato
caerulescentibus; trichomatibus pallide aerugineis, rectis paralleliter
consociatis, fragilibus, torulosis (aspectu trichomatum nostocace-
orum), ad apices non attenuatis; articulis subsphaericis vel subdolii-
formibus, diametro 2 // ad 3 ju crassis, plus minusve subquadratis,
dissepimentis non granulatis, protoplasmate baud granuloso; cellula
apicali rotundata, membrana superna non incrassata. Fig. 7.—
Forming gelatinous strata with other algae (often with P. laminosum
Gom.) submerged and subaerial in hot springs. I have seen stray
trichomes of this alga in collections from many hot springs in western
North America, but the collection noted here is the only one in which
the mass is sufficiently developed for description. The species is
named in honor of M. J. Groesbeck, M. D., of Porterville, California.
One specimen, NEVADA: in a hot spring (temperature 110° F),
Steamboat and Reno hot springs, Washoe county, Groesbeck 195a,
Sept. 1940 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum).

PHORMIDIUM Steyermarkii Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum gela-
tinosum laete aerugineum, saepe pulvinatum et calcareum, intus
decoloratum, vaginis hyalinis omnino diffluentibus, chlorozincico
iodurato non aut vix caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis
rectis fragilibus paralleliter coalitis, 3 M ad 4 ju crassis, ad genicula
evidenter constrictis, ad apices non attenuatis; articulis doliiformibus
vel fere cylindraceis, subquadratis vel diametro usque ad IJ^-plo
longioribus, dissepimentis non granulatis, protoplasmate haud
granuloso; cellula apicali rotundata, membrana superna non in-
crassata. Fig. 11. — In the waters of hot springs. Morphologically,
both P. Steyermarkii and the preceding P. Groesbeckianum are
related to P. foveolarum Gom. The habit of this species is reminiscent
of that of the anabaenoid state of Hapalosiphon laminosus Born.
& Flah., but the trichomes appear to exist invariably as described
above and to exhibit no transitional stages into typical H. laminosus.
Phormidium Steyermarkii is named in honor of Dr. Julian A. Steyer-
mark of Field Museum of Natural History. Specimens seen, GUATE-

138 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

MALA: Agua Caliente springs between La Fragua and Rio Motagua,
Dept. Zacapa, Steyermark 29211, Oct. 1939 (TYPE in Cryptogamic
Herbarium of Field Museum); in a hot spring and in pools of hot
water, Laguna, Lake Amatitlan, S. E. Meek 59, 72, Jan. 1906 (FM).

PHORMIDIUM californicum Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum laete- vel
atro-aerugineum, gelatinosum, late expansum, vaginis hyalinis, saepe
plus minusve distinctis demum omnino diffluentibus, chlorozincico
iodurato non caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis, dense et
paralleliter consociatis, 3 p. ad 4 /* crassis, ad genicula constrictis,
ad apices attenuatis et subacuminatis; articulis subcylindraceis vel
subdoliiformibus, subquadratis vel diametro usque ad duplo longi-
oribus, dissepimentis non granulatis, protoplasmate granuloso;
cellula apicali conica, subacuta vel quasi-truncata. Fig. 12. — On
woodwork, soil and other objects continuously wet with fresh water.
The material placed here is very similar to that described elsewhere
in this volume as P. Weissii Drouet, from brackish water along
western Atlantic shores. The habitat, the general appearance of
the stratum, the habit of the trichomes, and the reaction of the
sheath-material with chlor-zinc-iodine are so different from those
of P. Weissii, however, as to merit description as a new species.
Specimens seen, CALIFORNIA: on a wooden bench in the conservatory,
Golden Gate park, San Francisco, Gardner 7766, July 1935 (TYPE in
Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum; isotype, C), idem 6715,
July 1931 (C, FM), idem 7254, 7254a, Apr. 1933 (C, FM), idem
culture from the above, 7436, Aug. 1933 (C, FM); on boards, Plath's
greenhouse, San Francisco, V. Duran 6588, Jan. 1931 (C, FM).
SONORA: in shallow water in an adobe pit 4 km. southwest of Villa
de Seris, Drouet, D. Richards, & L. D. Alvarado 2848, Nov. 1939
(FM).

PHORMIDIUM thermale Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum gelatinosum
late expansum laete aerugineum, vaginis hyalinis diffluentibus plus
minusve fibrosis, chlorozincico iodurato non caerulescentibus; tri-
chomatibus aerugineis rectis parallelis fragilibus, 2 ^ ad 5 n crassis,
torulosis, ad apices abrupte acuminatis; articulis doliiformibus vel
subcylindraceis, subquadratis vel diametro usque ad duplo longi-
oribus, protoplasmate homogeneo; cellula apicali ad basem rotundata,
superne abrupte et saepe oblique acutissima. Fig. 13. — In warm
water of hot springs. Except for the peculiar apical cells the tri-
chomes are very similar to those of the anabaenoid growth-form of
Hapalosiphon laminosus. Phormidium thermale is placed in the
vicinity of P. Weissii Drouet and P. californicum Drouet, from

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 139

which it differs conspicuously in size of trichome and in configura-
tion of the apical cell. Specimens seen, CALIFORNIA: Seigler hot
springs, Lake county, N. L. Gardner 7463, Aug. 1933 (TYPE in
Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum; isotype, C); in warm
pools, the Geysers, Sonoma county, Gardner 7509, Aug. 1933 (C,
FM), idem Gardner & L. Bonar 7529, Aug. 1933 (C, FM, and dis-
tributed as Hapalosiphon laminosus), idem Gardner & V. Duran
7704, Apr. 1934 (C, FM, and distributed as H. laminosus).

PHORMIDIUM Hancockii (Drouet) Drouet, comb. nov. Schizo-
thrix Hancockii Drouet Hancock Pacific Exped. 3 (2): 22, fig. 15.
1936. S. Hancockii f. submersa Drouet ibid. 3 (2): 23. 1936.—
Further studies of the original material of this species shows that
the structure of the sheath and of the stratum is that of a Phormidium
rather than of a Schizothrix. Phormidium Hancockii is placed near
P. papyraceum Gom.

PHORMIDIUM Richardsii Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum pannosum,
fuscum vel roseum vel aerugineum, tenue, fragile, vaginis tenuibus
saepe omnino diffluentibus, hyalinis, chlorozincico iodurato haud
caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis 3 M ad 7 M crassis, longis
parallelis flexilibus, ad genicula interdum leviter constrictis, ad
apices longe attenuatis et acutis; articulis brevibus, diametro 6-plo
brevioribus usque ad subquadratis, dissepimentis granulatis, proto-
plasmate tenui-granuloso vel homogeneo; cellula apicali longe et
plus minusve acute (haud raro acutissime) conica, nonnumquam
curvata. Fig. 15. — On barren soil intermittently wet with fresh
water. The trichomes are reminiscent of those of Oscillatoria brevis
Gom.; specimens are easily confused with juvenile masses of Micro-
coleus vaginatus Gom, and M. lacustris Gom. found in recently
denuded ground, the filaments of which contain only one trichome
within a sheath. This new species is named in honor of Mr. Donald
Richards of the University of Chicago. Specimens seen, MONTANA:
roadside pit 24 miles north of Millegan, Cascade county, F. H. Rose
4160, May 1941 (FM). NEW MEXICO: on drying mud flats in the
city park, Hot Springs, Sierra county, Drouet & Richards 2702,
Oct. 1939 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum),
idem 2704, 2708, 2705 (FM); on denuded ground near the Rio
Grande bridge, Hot Springs, Sierra county, Drouet & Richards 2707,
Oct. (FM).

PHORMIDIUM Standleyi Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum late expansum
pulvinatum gelatinosum, atroviolaceum vel aerugineum, ad dua
centimetra altum, vaginis hyalinis tenuibus demum omnino diffluen-

140 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. 20

tibus, chlorozincico iodurato non caerulescentibus; trichomatibus
aerugineis vel violaceis, 5 n ad 7 /x crassis, ad genicula baud con-
strictis, ad apices non attenuatis; cellulis diametro 6-3-plo bre-
vioribus, dissepimentis granulatis, protoplasmate granuloso; cellula
apicali depresso-rotundata, membranam plus minusve incrassatam
praebenti. Fig. 14. — Growing in thick mats in warm water of hot
springs. This species is most nearly related morphologically to
P. ambiguum Gom. It is named in honor of Mr. Paul C. Standley
of Field Museum of Natural History. One collection seen, GUATE-
MALA: in warm water of hot spring, Banos de San Lorenzo near
Tejar, Dept. Sacatepe"quez, Standley 59840, Dec. 1938 (TYPE in
Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum).

PHORMIDIUM hydrocoleoides Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum aeru-
gineum, tenue, vaginis hyalinis diffluentibus, chlorozincico iodurato
aegre caerulescentibus; trichomatibus laete aerugineis, rectis, fragi-
libus, 5 n ad 8 /x crassis, ad genicula leviter constrictis, ad apices
attenuatis et capitatis; articulis diametro 2-5-plo brevioribus,
dissepimentis granulatis, protoplasmate tenui-granuloso, cellula
apicali capitata, calyptram depresso-hemisphaericam praebenti.
Fig. 18. — On mud in brackish or almost salt water. The trichomes
are somewhat reminiscent of those of Hydrocoleum lyngbyaceum
Gom., but smaller and very different in color and granulation. The
species is to be placed near the freshwater Phormidium lucidum
Gom. One specimen, SONORA: on tidal flat along Rio Mayo on north
side of Yavaros, southwest of Huatabampo, Drouet & D. Richards
3220, Dec. 1939 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum).

PHORMIDIUM Gardnerianum Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum laete
aerugineum, tenue, fragile, vaginis diffluentibus, hyalinis, chloro-
zincico iodurato haud caerulescentibus; trichomatibus longis, flexi-
libus, 4 M ad 6 M crassis, ad genicula constrictis, ad apices longe
attenuatis et capitatis, apicibus uncinatis; articulis subquadratis
vel diametro usque ad duplo brevioribus, dissepimentis parce granu-
latis, protoplasmate pallide aerugineo, tenui-granuloso, cellula apicali
capitata, membranam incrassatam rotundatam aut depresso-conicam
praebenti. Fig. 17. — In marine waters. This species, except for
the constricted trichomes, closely resembles the freshwater P. un-
cinatum Gom. It is named in honor of the late Professor Nathaniel
Lyon Gardner of the University of California. One collection, CALI-
FORNIA: in a jar of sea water, University of California, Berkeley,
Gardner 2179, 1910 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field
Museum; isotype, C).

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 141

OSCILLATORIA sonorensis Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum tenue,
fragile, laete aerugineum, trichomatibus longis, rectis, 3 n ad 5 M
crassis, aerugineis, ad genicula vix constrictis, ad apices abrupte
attenuatis et curvatis; articulis quadratis vel diametro usque ad
duplo longioribus, dissepimentis conspicuis baud granulatis, proto-
plasmate homogeneo, cellula apicali longe conica, acuta, curvata.
Fig. 16.— In marine or almost marine water. This species is rather
similar to the thermal 0. acuminata Gom., but differs markedly in
the type of granulation of the protoplasm and in its less attenuate
and acuminate apices of the trichomes. One collection, SONORA:
in a tide pool on muddy shore of bay near the refrigerating plant,
Empalme, Drouet & D. Richards 3419, Dec. 1939 (TYPE in Crypto-
gamic Herbarium of Field Museum).

ARTHROSPIRA Khannae Drouet & J. C. Strickland, sp. nov.
Trichomata planctonica in flore-aquae crescentia, aeruginea, in
spiram laxam amplissimam diametro circa 20 /x contorta, ad genicula
haud constricta, ad apices leviter attenuata et subcapitata, 3 ^ ad

5 n crassa; anfractubus circa 20 /z inter se distantibus; articulis
brevibus, diametro 3-plo brevioribus usque ad subquadratis, dis-
sepimentis granulatis, protoplasmate pseudovacuolas grandes con-
tinenti. Fig. 6. — Planktonic in bodies of fresh water. This species
is similar in many respects to A. platensis Gom. but conspicuously
smaller in size. It is named in honor of Professor L. P. Khanna of
University College, Rangoon. Specimens seen, BURMA: pond near
the zoological garden, Rangoon, Khanna 698, Apr. 1937 (TYPE in
Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum), idem 697 (FM); Agri-
cultural Gardens, Rangoon, Khanna 714, May 1937 (FM).

SPIRULINA Weissii Drouet, sp. nov. Trichomata 3 M ad 4 /x
crassa, inter alias algas plus minusve paralleliter agglomerata, fragilis,
recta vel irregulariter curvata, in spiram regularem densam diametro
10 /z ad 12 M contorta; anfractubus contiguis vel subcontiguis;
protoplasmate grosse-granuloso. Fig. 19. — In brackish water. The
spiral habit of this species is similar to that of S. subsalsa Gom.,
but the trichomes are much larger than those of the latter. It is
named in honor of Mr. Philip Weiss Wolle of Princess Anne, Mary-
land. One collection, MARYLAND: in shallow pools of brackish
water, Jericho marshes west of Fairmount, Somerset county, Drouet

6 Wolle 3650, July 1940 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field
Museum).

$\

Plate I. Fig. 1. Chroococcus sonorensis. Fig. 2. C. Prescottii,
two plants and several cells in division. Fig. 3. Plectonema Clover-
ianum. Fig. 4. Aphanocapsa Farlowiana, habit of plants above
and arrangement of cells below. Fig. 5. Porphyrosiphon Velas-
quezii, details of filament and trichomes, the apices in various
stages of growth. Fig. 6. Arthrospira, Khannae. All drawn from
type material by Raymond Taran except for the smaller plant of
Fig. 2, which was made by William A. and Fay K. Daily.

R

H

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r

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•

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, |

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1

Plate II. Fig. 7. Phormidium Groesbeckianum, two trichomes.
Fig. 8. Lyngbya Giuseppei. Fig. 9. L. guaymensis. Fig. 10.
L. Patrickiana. Fig. 11. Phormidium Steyermarkii. Fig. 12. P.
californicum, five trichomes. Fig. 13. P. thermale, three trichomes.
All drawn from type material by Raymond Taran.

*RM*4**ra :'

Plate III. Fig. 14. Phormidium Standleyi, two trichomes.
Fig. 15. P. Richardsii, two filaments. Fig. 16. Oscillatoria sono-
rensis, two trichomes. Fig. 17. Phormidium Gardnerianum, three
trichomes. Fig. 18. P. hydrocoleoides, three trichomes. Fig. 19.
Spirulina Weissii. All drawn from type material by Raymond Taran.

UNIVERSITY OF ILUNplS-URBANA

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