a ig Ls! ~ dD Pbihps. Edman Smithsonian Institution Libraries GIFT OF Marcia Brady Tucker ORT ea Aye a SUPPLEMENT = to the GENERAL SYNOPSIS of “en ae | Pe EC N YD O NG Prmted for Leigh & Sotheby, York Strect ,CoventGarden. . MDCCLUXXXVII. - Pook EPA CE. HE Author of the following fheets intends, by the pub- lication of them, to fulfil his promifes to the public of clofing therewith his GENERAL Synopsis oF Birps. In order to form this fupplemental Volume, every fpecies in the former ones has been revifed; and to fuch of them as wanted correction, or where any new remark feemed neceffary to be added, it has been done: after which, thofe defcribed as new follow, at the end of each Genus; making in the whole work not fewer than 3000 birds; a number never imagined, by former writers in ornithology, to exift in nature. 1 It has been by fome thought, that fuch an undertaking as the prefent might have been rendered more complete, if fhort generic and fpecific defcriptions had been added; but as fuch, if joined to the work, could not, with propriety, have been placed any where except at the head of the defcriptions at large, it would not, in the author’s opinion, have elucidated the fubject in the fame propor- 2 tion fone mmo Bee eR GE one As Crain. tion as it muft have added to the bulk of the volumes. A per- formance of this kind, therefore, to be of real utility, muft be in a feparate publication ; as, in that cafe, the defcriptions being comprefled into a fmaller fpace, might be curforily perufed, in the fame manner as in the Syftema Nature of Linneus, after whofe elegant model it fhould alfo be formed. This, however, cannot be in a very little compafs, as it muft exceed the limits of the ornithologic part of that author’s work, in-the fame proportion as the fpecies defcribed in this Syxopfis do thofe in the Syffema; for at the time of Linnaeus’s writing, the number of birds treated of by him did not greatly exceed goo, for all of which (excepting between 30 and 40 which were new, and defcribed by him as fuch) he was able to refer to one or more writers who had given a full account of them; but in the prefent undertaking more than 2000 others have likewife been de- {cribed, the greater part of which has been noticed: by various writers fince the laft edition of Linuzus’s work the reft, between 5 and 600 in number, only to be found in the feveral volumes * of this work. That concife generic and fpecific defcriptions have been thought neceffary, need not, in this place, be further infifted on, when it is known that the author of thefe fheets haftily penned 4 fuchs Bi: Rue ear AG Oa ee fuch, for his own ufe, as faft as the volumes were publifhed; but to give them a fufficient revifal, fo as to merit the public infpec- tion, would, perhaps, require more time than he has immedi- ately in his power to {pare for the purpofe. For the prefent, he will only add moft fincere thanks to his former friends for the continuation of their affiftance, as well as - to thofe feverally mentioned in the prefent Supplement, who have contributed theirs, and by whofe means he has been enabled to add defcriptions of many new and curious fubjects. Rejoicing not a little to have at laft finifhed his promifed tafk, he wifhes nothing more than to find hereafter, that his well-intended labours may be received by the Public with its former can- dour. JOHN LATHAM. Dartford, May 1, 1787- SUPPLEMENT. iii Sue oF Ne RN ee: Boos Lec Re iting Ds Div. L LAND-BIRDS. ORDER Loe RtA EA CO US. Sper wis. lip BAe OP eE Bloa Ra SG SIN’. 18%. Plaintive V. N° a1. Pondicherry V. 19. Cheriway V. 22. Indian V. 20. Crowned V. , 23. Gingi V. Condur V. Gen. Sya. vol. i. p. 4. Laemmer-geyer, Dec. Ruff. 11. pl. 8. 1n p. 387? HE Laemmer-geyer is mentioned by feveral authors as a moft voracious and deftructive bird, and that, among other things, it preys on calves and /heep, and is common about Ghilan, — in Perfia; but they differ greatly in fize. Gmelin calls the length only four feet, and the breadth five. Sprungli defcribed it as weighing twelve pounds, and extending, from wing to wing, * The fpecies in this Supplement, not before defcribed in the Synopfis, will Be placed at the head of their refpective genus, as in that work, ‘SuPPL, B eight Ie CONDUR. igs CARRION V. Ve Boor ORE. eight feet three quarters; but obferves, that a Vulture has beer killed in Switzer/and, meafuring twelve feet from the tip of one wing to that of the other: however, it ftill remains dubious whe- ther the Laemmer-geyer be the fame with the Condur, or a mere variety of the Bearded Vulture, as fome think; for the firft is noc mentioned as having a comb on the head, which travellers furnifh the Condur with. In Spilburgen’s Voyage *, it is faid, that “ in * the ifland Loudest, they took two fowls, in beak, wings, and ** talons, refembling an Eagle; and combs on their heads, like ‘* Cocks. ‘They were two ells high, and three in breadth, from *€ wing to wing, when ftretched out.”—It is much to be feared, that other authors, as well as myfelf, have greatly confounded the fpecies of Vultures; for being, like the Falcow tribe, long-lived, their plumage puts on a great variety of drefs, fufficient to de- ceive thofe who have hitherto attempted to difcriminate them. Carrion Vulture, Gen. Syx. vol. i. p. 9.—-4r&. Zool. N° 86. mone Foy, ii. pt. 2d, p. 67. Strunt-vogel. or Dung-Bird, Kolb. Cap.i ii. p. 136 # AMPIER obferves, that the fcent of this bird is fo nice, that very foon after a beaft is killed, two or three hundred will ~ flock together from all parts in lefs than an hour’s time, though g P 8 before not one was to be feen thereabouts.. Kolben remarks, that an hundred or more will attack an Ox or Cow retired from labour, fick, and faint; and falling all at once upon him, foon devour him: they begin by making a hole in the * See Harris, Coll. Voy. vol.i. p. 35. $+ This is not far diftant from Peyta, in South Americas belly, ? be) v Ui FUR EF. belly, and, thrufting in their heads, pick the flefh from the bones, ftill leaving the fkin to cover them. Alpine V. Gen. Sy. vol. i. p. 12. N®7. Valtur percnopterus, Linzi, Faun. drag. p. 67. UILDS in high rocks, about Arragon in Spain: is called there Boleta: is fometimes driven by tempeft from Perfia to Aftrachan, in the Ruffian dominions; as fome have been fhot thereabouts. Cinereous V. Gex. Syn. i, p» 14. N°8. Vultur totus fufcus, Faxu. drag. p. 67+ OUND in &rragon: {aid to vary, fometimes of a blackifh co- lour: called in Spain, Vuitre. Bengal V. Gen, Syn. i. p. 19. N° 16. pl. t. Vultur percnopterus (fem.) Hafelg. Voy. p. 194. (Eng. ed.) ? T has been hinted to me, that this bird is no other than the female of the above-quoted, from Haffelquij? *, which appears not unlikely. This author obferves, that it has an horrid appear- ance: the face naked and wrinkled: the eyes large and black: the beak black and hooked : the talons large: the whole body polluted with filth, He adds, that they are bold birds; and that all the places round: Cairo are filled with the dead bodies of Aes and Camels, and thoufands of thefe birds fly about, and devour * Not the 7. percnopterus of Linwcus.—My afh-coloured V. p. 13, is mott pro. bably the male to that of Haffelqui/?. B2 the be ALPINE VY. Bry CINEREOUS V.. 16. BENGAL VY. w 47. SECRETARY Vv. 18 PLAINTIVE V. DESCRIPTIGN, Vie CO Ta Ey Uae Ro, the carcafes before they putrify and fill the air with noxious ex- halations. Secretary V. Gez. Syz. i. p.20. N°17. pl. 2 Slaangen-vraater, Sparrm. Voy. i. p. 154. f YR. Sparrman fays, that this is not a thy bird; but when fcared, it firft tries to fave itfelf by hopping and fcudding very fwiftly ; and, if this method fails, takes to flight. It feizes Serpents, by firft holding the point of one wing forward .to parry off the bite; fometimes fpurning and treading upon it; at other times taking it on its pinions, and throwing it into the air; and after wearying out the adverfary, kills and fwallows it at leifure,. without danger. ‘The above account, Dr. Sparrman does not doubt the truth of, though it did not fall under his own obferva- tion. Plaintive Eagle, Gen. Sya.i. p. 340 Br. Mu/. ENGTH two feet four inches. Bill two inches long, and not greatly hooked, the colour black; the cere extends to within one inch and a quarter of the tip, and the noftrils are placed obliquely near the top; the bare part extends backward round the eyes, almoft to the top of the head; and the colour of the whole of the bare parts yellow: the fore-part of the neck is nearly deftitute of feathers: the top of the head and hind part of the neck are brown: the upper part of the body barred brown and white: the wings brown: the tail white, croffed with blackifh bars, and the end, for one inch, of this laft colour; the bafe of the four firft quills wo) Ut UR E. quills marked as the tail: the legs yellow; claws black, mode- rately hooked, and blunt at the tips. The above defcription I was enabled to draw up from a fpeci-~ men preferved in fpirits, now in the Britifh Mufeum ; whereby I have full affurance of its belonging to the Vulture genus, and feems to be no other than my Plaintive Eagle before defcribed- Falco cheriway, Facq. Vogel. p. 17. t. 4% ENGTH two feet anda half, or more. Bill pale blue: head and neck very pale yellow: hind-head crefted: cere and round the eyes rofe-colour: general colour of the plumage on the upper parts ferruginous, beneath pale, vent white; the two mid- dle tail feathers barred with dufky ; the lateral ones, and quills, dufky black: legs pale yellow. Inhabits the ifland of Aruba, on the coaft of Vexetzuela, in South America. Crefted V. Gen. Syx.i. p.6? Vultur coronatus, Facg. Vog. p. 15. N° 11. HIS is very probably a variety of the crefted Vulture, as it is faid to be of the fame fize. The bill is black: the head of a reddifh grey, and adorned with a creft compofed of feveral fea- thers, fix inches long at leaft: part of the wings, the neck, and breaft, are black: belly white: thighs white, fpotted with black: tail long, black and white mixed : legs very ftrong and yellow. This was met with near St. Magdalen River, in New Grenada. When it ftands erect, it is two feet and a half in height. Le 19. CHERIWAY V. DescCRIPTION. PLACE. 20, CROWNED V. DescRiIPTION, PLACE, 21. PONDICHER<- RY V. DzscRIPTION. PLACE. 22. INDIAN V. DEscRIPTION. PLACE AND Man- NERS, eo uw F UO RoR, Le Vautour Royal de Pondichery, Sox. Voy. Ind. it. p. 182. pl. 104. SIZE of a large Goofe.: The bill black, pretty hooked, but ra- ther fhort ; the bafe covered with a naked fkin; the noftrils pervious: the forehead is flat, and the head large: the head and neck flefh-coloured: the hind part of the head, and the fpace be- tween the bill and eyes, covered with flefh-coloured down: the fore part of the neck and breaft fparingly befet with fine feathers of the fame colour, placed in tufts; on the neck is a flefhy red membrane, very fmall, bare of feathers, which begins beneath the ears, and reaches to the loweft part of the neck: the back, belly, wings, and tail, are black: the legs yellow. Inhabits Pondicherry, in the Eaft Indies, and parts adjacent. Le grand Vautour des Indes, Son. Voy. Ind. vol. ii. p. 183. pl. 105. IZE of a Goofe. Bill black: irides red: the head and neck bare of feathers, and of a rufous colour; the head furnifhed with a ftraggling down, refembling hair; the neck long in pro- portion, and befet with tufts of very fine feathers: the feathers of the breaft fhort, and appear as if clipped or fhaved; thofe of the lower part of the neck behind are long, natrow, and pointed, and of a bright rufous colour: the wing coverts, back, and rump, the colour of wmber, each feather tipped with a pale band: quills, tail, and legs, black. ‘This inhabits Jvdia, and is very voracious: found in the day- time on the banks of the /ez, waiting for the dead ji which are there thrown up: fond of putrid carcafes, which it often digs up out of the ground: it flies heavily, though the wings are very ftrong. 5 Le Ve Ue Ly] UR. E: Le Vautour de Gingi, Son. Voy. dnd. il. p. 184+ IZE of a Turkey. In the bill not unlike that bird, and grey : noftrils pervious: irides red: the forehead, cheeks, and throat, are covered with a reddifh fkin: the feathers of the hind part of the head and neck, long, narrow, and white: the wing coverts, back, belly, and tail, of the fame colour: the quills black: legs erey- This inhabits the cealt of Coromandel, where the inhabitants call it the Wild Turkey. This perhaps is the Vulture mentioned in the Effais Philofo- phiques, faid to be almoft wholly white: the head and neck co- vered with fine, fhort, briftly feathers: quills long, and towards the ends of a blackifh grey. This bird is faid to fly quick and light, to be very voracious and timid; and moftly found fingly on fome hillock in the marfhes where it feeds, which it does on carrion; but prefers reptiles, when to be had. Another is alfo mentioned in the fame book *; of the fize of a Turkey: the male of a marbled browns the female, iron-grey : head and half the neck naked, wrinkled, and covered with reddifh yellow excrefcences, with fcattered hairs between. This may per- haps have fome relation to the other, as it is faid to be very like the King Vulture, though not the fame bird. It is often met with in flocks of twenty or thirty, eating the flefh of a dead beait. ® Eff. Phile/: p. 58 GENUS 23. GINGI V. DescriPfion- PLACE. “2. BLACK E. Gruus ll “9k “Ash aco ON: N° 99. Plain F. N° 109. Streaked F. 100. Black-necked F. 110. Notched F. io1. White-necked F. 111. Rhomboidal F.. 102. Afiatic F. 112, Behree F. 103. Leverian F. 113. Greenland F. 104. Johanna F. 114. Plumbeous F. 105. Madagafcar F. 115. Dubious F. 106. Cheela F. 116. American F, 107. Rufous-headed F. 117. Criard F. 108. Arabian K. 118. Tiny F. Black Eagle, Gen. Syn. i. p.28. N° 2.medra. Zool. ii. Ne 87. qt is very probable that my Black and Réing-tailed Eagles differ only from climate, as they feem to vary chiefly in having the breaft plain, cr marked with white fpots. Both inhabit Hud/on’s . Bay, appearing firft in March: they build on the tops of trees, hatch two young in May, and depart in Autumn. That called the Black Eagle is known by the name of Kethewuck-michefue; the Ring-tail, Apifk-michefue. Mr. Hutchins, to whom I owe this laft remark, obferves, that the Black, Ring-tail, and White-headed Eagles of America, are inferior in fize to thofe of North Britain. Batd Peo BON, Bald Eagle, Gen. Syn. i. p. 29. N° 3. White-headed Eagle, 4rd. Zool. ii. N° 89. HIS was met with by our voyagers at Nootka Sound * and Kamt{chatka +3 is common in America: at Hudfon’s Bey, called Wapaw-Eftequan-Mickefue : {aid to be the fmalleft Eagle which frequents that place: comes in May: buildson the highett trees: the neft compofed of /ficks and gra/s, of a very large fize : has two young ones, though frequently only onet. Sea Eagle, Gen. Syz.i. p. 30. N°4.— +HONEY BUZ- ZARD. Bae iC ON: ‘Common Buzzard, Gea. Syz. i. p. 48. N° 28.—Ar&, Zool. il. N° f03. Falco buteo, Brun. Orn. p. 5.—Muller, N° 64.—-Georgi Reife, p. 164. Faun. Arag. p.68. 3. Very common bird on the continent of Europe. In France, known by the naine of Goiran; is moft plentiful, in winter, about Lyous, where it is dreffed for the table, and even thought good food, being at that feafon as fat as a fowl. The eggsare faid “to be cinereous, marked with deeper-coloured fpots*. Inhabits both the worthern and Jouthern parts of Ruffa, though lefs frequent than fome other fpecies: is more abundant about Afrachan: common in Spain: called in the province of Aragon, Alferraz. Honey Buzzard, Gez. Syn.i. p.52. N° 33.—4r&. Zool. ii. p. 224.1. Falco apivorus, Brun, p. 5.—Muller, N°68. HIS fpecies is not very common, either in Exgland or on the continent of Earope, though inhabiting various parts of it : is feen as far north as Sondmor, in Norway; common in the open parts of Ruffa and Sibiria, near woods; and feeds much on Li- zardst. It alfo is fond of Mice, being a great enemy to them, and hunting after them in the manner of the Ow/{. The eggs are of a very deep red-brown, with fefruginous blotches of chefnut ||. * Hift. de Lyons, 1. p. 198.—I have never feen the eggs, but am informed by Mr. Boys, that they are of a blueifh white, marked with irregular rufous {pots; the fhape of the egg almoft globular; ufually three in the neft. + Ar. Zool. 1 Brunnich —Hence called MufeeHog and Mu/fe-baage. YW Portland Mufeum. Moor By Ar) Es © 2.0}, Ne Moor Buzzard, Gen. Syn.i. p. 53. N° 34.—4rG, Zool, ii, p. 225, Le Falco zruginofus, Bruz. p. 5.—Muller, N° 69.—Faun. drag. p. 69, 6.—= Sepp. og. pl. in p. 15. Female will weigh fometimes twenty-feven ounces. Inhabits England ; found chiefly on the moors: builds on the ground ; the neft compofed of dried fticks, intermixed with dry /edges or decayed deaves ; the laft chiefly within: the eggs of a blueifh white *. Common alfo on the continent of Europe, and found as far north as the laft fpecies; is a common bird in the fouth of Ruffia, but not met with in Sibiria t. Collared F. Gen. Syn. i. ps 56. N° 37.—4rd. Zool. ii. p.222. G. Falco rufticolus, Faun. Groenl. N° 34. HIS inhabits Greenland, but is feldom met with, as it fre- quents the moft remote places: is called by the natives M/i/- Jekulartok, fignifying fpotted. In the'defert and open places be- tween the Dez and Wolga, in the Rufian dominions, it is alfo feen ; but is not a common bird f. * $2pp.—If the bird known in France by the name of Faux Perdricux, is faid to build on the tops of high trees which grow fingly, efpecially at duvergue and Poren.—Hift. de Lyons, i. N° 203. 4 dr. Zool, Dec, Ruff i. p, 314> Gofhawk, %F Zhe #+ MOOR BUZ- ZARD. 37- COLLARED F. cM ei + GOSHAWK. | FOAL CLOO NM Gothawk, Gen. Syni. p, 58. N° 39.—4rd. Zoal, N° g9- Falco palumbarius, Muller, N° 70.—Georgi Reif, p. 164. HE Gofhawk is common in Denmark, all over Rufia, and in Sibiria, about the Lake Baikal: is ufed by the Calmucs in falconry: a variety found fometimes quite white, but it is very rare*; on the contrary, in Kamtfchatka every individual is white, with hardly any fpots; and thefe are faid to prove the beft of al! for the fport of falconry +. The American one feems larger than that of Europe; known at FHludfon’s Bay by the name of Komi/bark-papanafew : it builds a neft in lofty trees, of {ticks laid acrofs, lined with bay and fea- thers; and lays four white eggs; the young hatched in the be- ginning of uly: frequents plains and woods indifferently; is continually on the wing, and a great enemy to the Partridges and other birds {. I have feen the Gofoawk in drawings done in China, as well as in thofe from India, and have been affured that it is a native of the laft, where the ma/e is known by the name of Bauge. The female differs in being fomewhat larger, and paler on the upper parts, marked beneath with oval fpots of dufky black, giv- ing it the appearance of the Gentil Falcon. ‘This fex is called in India, Furra. The young males are greatly fimilar to the females, and do not attain their full plumage for feveral moults. The young male is called Adudge Bauge, and the young female, Mudge Furra. Thefe, among others, are ufed in India for falconry. * Dec, Rufriii. p.303. ° = ¢ Ar. Zool. t Mr, Hutchins. Kite, Ey eA GON aN: Kite, Gen. Syn. i. p.61. N° 43.—] Iprro? SACRE. 63. CRESTED IN- DIAN F. DESCRIPTION. 65. BLACK AND WHITE F. DESCRIPTION. way. Me AG Hates (OP ING defcription ; but there is fcarce a doubt of its being the fame bird, It inhabits both Hud/on’s Bay and Newfoundland; preys much on Ducks ; fits on a rock and watches their rifing, when it inftantly ftrikes at them ™*. Sacre, Gen. Syn. i. po 77. N° 59.—4ré. Zool. N° 96. HIS Saere is ufed in Lartary for falconry ; and is a courage- ous, ftrong fpecies, attacking every thing that comes in its Inhabits Hud/on’s Bay, where, if we do not miftake the fpecies, it is known by the name of Papanafeu Kacake +. \ Crefted Indian Falcon, Gen. Syn. i. ps 80. N° 63. AMONG fome drawings belonging to the late Dr. Fochergill, I find one of thefe figured ; it differs from that defcribed by me, in having a broad bar of black acrofs the breaft, and another on the wing coverts. Black and White Falcon, Gen. Syn.i. p.81. N° 65? Le Faucon a collier des Indes, Son. Voy. Ind. ii. p. 182.—Zool. Ind. p. 12- pl. 23 TUENGTH fixteen inches. Bull black: irides rufous: yellow head: throat, hind part of the neck, and back, black : breaft, belly, thighs, and rump, white: the leffer wing coverts white; the middle ones black ; greater ones and fecondary quills filvery afh-colour ; prime quills black: tail pale filvery grey : legs rufous. yellow. * Ard, Zool. + The Peregrine F. goes by this name, See p. 18. 8 The Be Ast C4.O% N: The female is fomewhat bigger than the male: general colour filvery grey: onthe wing coverts are three round black fpots, and three others on the outer webs of the fecond quills: primaries black : fides of the belly, thighs, and vent, white; tranfverfly ftriated with a rufous red. Inhabits Jvdia: feems much allied to my Black and White Fal- con, N° 6s. if not the fame bird: is called in India, Chouama, or Rat-killer *. White Gyrfalcon, Gen. Syn. i. p. 83. N° 69.—4Ar&. Zool. ii. p. 121. F. OMMON at Hudfan’s Bay, where it is called Paw pune nay fue. “Length twenty-three inches: weight forty-five ounces Troy: varies much in colour f. Brown Lanner, Gen. Syz.i. p. 86. N°72.—Aré. Zool. ii. p. 225. K. Falco lanarius, Bruz. p.i. N° 1, 2.—Muller, N° 67. HE Lanner inhabits Iceland_and the Ferroe Iles, Denmark, and Sweden ; frequent in the Zartarian deferts and the Ba- yaba; none in the northern or eaftern pare of Sidiviat: well known about Afrachan, and builds in all the deferts, among the fhrubs and low trees; is ufed by the Calmucs in falconry||. In fome parts is migratory, but ftays in France the whole year §. * Being a great enemy to Rass; as alfo to Mice, Lizards, and other vermin. + Mr. Hutchins. { Mr, Pennant. || Dec. Ruf, iii. p. 303» § Hifi. de Lyons, i. pr 206. - Henharrier,. 21 FEMALE. PLACE, 69. +WHITE JER- FALCON. ite LANNER.. a + RINGTAIL. By AN ne Ou INS Henharrier, Gen. Syz.i. p.82. N°74.—Will. Orx. p. 72. pl. 7» Falco torquatus, Brux. N° 14.—Kram. El. p. 330. N° 13. Ringtail, Gen. Syn. i. p. 89. N°75.—4r&. Zool. ii. N° 106. Falco cyaneus, Muller, N° 74,.—Faun. Arag. p. 68.—Kram. El. p. 329. Ne 12. ) OWEVER certain IT have prefumed to be in the Synop/s, that the Henbarrier and Ringtail were different fpecies, I havé lately had occafion to /z/pend that opinion, for the reafons below mentioned, of which the candid reader is left to judge for him- felf; whether there may be foundation or not for retraécfing it. At the time of our fuppofing that the two birds above men- tioned were of different fpecies, we departed from the opinion of that faithful and obfervane naturalift, M. Bviffoz, who joins the two without hefitation, as well as the authority of Ray and Wil- lughby, with fome others .of leffer note, who likewife efteemed them as one and the fame; but we were induced fo to do from the teftimony of Mr. Pennant having found a Ringtail of the male Jex, feconded by a fimilar circumftance falling under our own ob- fervation, which naturally led us to fufpect the poffibility of the above-mentioned writers having been miftaken. As the firft ftep towards a further enquiry, let us compare the two birds together; when we fhall find, that, : 1. The zrides in both are yellow. 2. The wreath of fhort ftiff feathers, furrounding the head, ap- pears equally the fame in the Henbarrier as in the Ring/ail, 3. The form of the 2i//, length of the wings, fize and colour of the Jegs, are the fame in both. AS. 4. All Beate PC Or N: 4. All the Henbarvriers are nearly of the fame fize, viz. about twelve ounces in weight, and feven inches in length. All the Ringtails likewife correfpond in fize, viz. about eighteen ounces in weight, and twenty inches in length. Some fort of proof of the difference in fex, the male in the Falcon genus being ever the fmalleft. Added to which, Dr. Hey/ham obferves, that as thefe birds are in plenty about him, he has opened many, and that the Henbarriers have ever proved to be males, and the Ringtails turned out to be females. This very obfervation Kramer has likewife made, having diffected feveral of each; from which he hefitates whether the two birds in queftion be not the fame, againft the common opinion of the fportfmen of A4ufiria, who think them to be different*. Dr. H.. adds, that the Duke of Buccleugh’s game-keeper has deftroyed fome hundreds, and has frequently fhot both male and female from the fame neft. Lord Carlifle’s game-keeper likewife avers the fame. In one of this laft gentleman’s-letters to me, in anfwer to what might be urged in behalf of the two birds being different in fpe- cies, he hints the great difficulty that there fometimes is in afcer- taining the fex, except in pairing time, when the difference is vi- fible even to a fuperficial obferver. He likewife takes notice of their varying in colour at different ages, a matter not unfrequent in feveral of the Falcon genus. What then if this fhould be the fingle point which has occafioned the difference of opinion in y * His words are, ‘* Venatores unanimi confenfu diftinGas fpecies ftatuunt, © cum nulla illis accipitrini generis preter tinnunculum fpecies innotefcat, cujus << foemina a mare colore diftinguitur. Ego plures duodecime + & decime ter- << tie t {pecici examinavi, fed 12 conftanter marem, 13 .fceminam reperivi.” Elenc. p. 331. + Henharrier. { Ringtail. be Varlous, LO t ww b> es Bie Ae Lea C HOR Ne various authors? I have alfo had my doubts about it, from ob- ferving a Ringtail, which had the back changing to a blueifh lead- colour; but what has ftrengthened me in the opinion of its be- ing fo, is an obfervation of a very learned naturalift *, to the fol- lowing purport. ‘ The Ringtail is extremely common in Ruffia “* as well as Sidivia: in more temperate and open countries is *€ certainly not to be diftinguifhed from the Henbarrier : both are “© found as far as the Lake Baikal; and I have obferved, more ‘* than once, birds that were changing colours, and getting the _ © white feathers. The truth is, that the firft year all are dark- “ coloured, very differently variegated ; but at the fecond change © of feathers, chiefly the males grow whitifh; and fuch are the au- « oural birds of the AMonguls and Calmucs.” Here then feems the difficulty folved, and may perhaps ferve to reconcile the contrarieties of opinion hitherto entertained on this fubje&t. That Ringtails have turned out males, on diffection, has been clearly proved, certainly owing to fuch having been young birds before their change of plumage: but I do not hear of a fingle Henbarrier having been met with of the oppofite fex ; till that circumftance fhall happen, may we not fairly conclude, that both the one and the other have at firft the Rivgzai/ plumage, and that in a feries of years, more or lefs, the.ma/e gains the lead- colour, approaching neareft to white in proportion to its age 5 and that, notwithftanding the females get paler by age alfo, yet they are never without fome mixture of ferruginous? It may in- deed require fome time, though this matter may be afcertained by taking the young birds from the neft, keeping them for a requi- * Dr. Pallas, in his manufcript catalogue of birds of the Rufian empire, fur- nifhed to me by Mr. Pennant. fite Pee Ce tOLeN. fite number of years; and till this is done, the fact may be by fome ftill held in doubt. One thing however fhould not efcape notice, which is, that no author, which has fallen under my obfervation, mentions the Hen- harrier as a bird of the American continent, or ifles adjacent, though the Rézgtail and its varieties are common throughout. That the ferruginous brown colour may not change, in the warmer climates, as Carolina, and parts more fouthward, as Famaica, &c. is not furprifing ; but towards the orth, as at Hud/on’s Bay, where it is frequently feen in other birds, appears fingular. Leet this be confidered, and reafons given why fuch change fhould happen in Great-Britain, and various parts of the o/d continent, and not in the ew; for my part I know of none. The reader will, it is to be hoped, pardon this long digreffion, as it is meant to clear up a point hitherto held in controverfy. The above hints may urge others to make further obfervations, in order to obtain a certainty in this; and may at the fame time lead us to difcriminate other birds, fuppofed of different {pecies, perhaps proving, on a more intimate acquaintance, to be merely owing to oppofition of fex. Keftril, Gen. Syn. i. p. 94. N° 79.—4rd. Zool. ii. p. 226. M. Falco tinnunculus, Bruz. N° 4, 5.—Muller, N°65.—Faun. Arag. N° 4. FAIS fpecies is not uncommon in many parts of the continent of Europe. The female faid to lay four eggs *, of a pale fer- ruginous colour, marked with many irregular fpots of a deeper hue Tt. * Hift, de Lyon, i. p. 207. + Portland Muf. SuppL. E _ Red- 25 79° + KESTRIL F. 29 82. RED-THROAT- ED F. FEMALE, Ss, + SPARROW HAWK. RoAt i Co QU0N, Red-throated Falcon, Gea. Syxz. i. p. 97. N° 826 ENGTH one foot eleven inches, Bill one inch and a half long; yellow, with the bafe and cere dufky: eyelids fur- nifhed with ftrong black lathes: throat and fides of the head very bare of feathers, fprinkled only with narrow ones almoft like hairs: the fkin of a dirty purple: the general colour of the plu- mage glofly blue, changing to a greenifh black, except the lower belly and thighs, which are white: the tail is ten inches in length, even at the end: legs yellow: claws black. This, I make no doubt, is the fame with that defcribed in my Synopfis ; but as the one here mentioned is at leaft five inches longer, we may fuppofe it to be the female. It came under my infpection among a collection of birds brought from Cayenne. Sparrow Hawk, Gen. Sya.i. p. 99. N° 85.--4rd. Zool. ii. p.226, N. Falco nifus, Muller, N° 71.—Faun. Arag. N° 7. HIS is found as high as Sondmor, and in the Ferroe [ands s in the fouth of Rufia, but not in Sidiria * : feems f{pread al- moft throughout the old continent, from the above-named places to the Cape of Good Hope; and perhaps extends to China likewife, as we have obferved a bird among fome Chine/e draw- ings fo exactly like as to appear as a mere variety, not more dif- fering than individuals of this fpecies do from each other in this - climate. This bird builds in various manners and places: often in the deferted nefts of other birds; alfo in pollard trees, and among * ArG, Zool. racks BAA) GG: Oo ON, rocks afd ruias: lays four or five eggs, of 2 dufky white, marked with ruft-coloured blotches, of irregular fizes and fhapes*. In former times has been ufed in falconry t. Pigeon Hawk, Gen, Syz. i. p. 101. N° 86. HIS breeds at Hud/on’s Bay, making the nett of fticks and erafs, lined with feathers, in the hollow of a tree: lays from two to four white eggs, thinly marked with red fpots: the young fly in Auguft: is known by the name of Pecufifot. Ingrian Falcon, Gez. Syz. i. p. 102. N° 88. Falco vefpertinus, Georg: Rei/e, p. 164. HIS fpecies is common about the lake Baikal: is known at Aftrachan by the nameof Kober ||. It has much of the man- ners of the Keffri/, but extends farther eg than either that bird or the Hobdy, though lefs common than either §. Great-billed Falcon, Gen. Syxz. i. p. 103. Ne 8g, N a collection of birds from Cayenne, I met with the following, which I fuppofe to be allied to this bird. Length to the ramp twelve inches: bill very large in proportion to the fize of the bird, at leaft of twice the ufual proportion; upper mandible black, the under yellow: about the eyes almoft bare of fea- * Portland Muf. + Will. Orn p. 86. . t Mr. Hutchins. || Dec, Ruff ii. p. 142. § Mr. Pennant. E 2 thers : 27 86. + PIGEON HAWK. ¢ 88. INGRIAN F, 89. GREAT-BILL- ED F. 90. + HOBBY. gi. ORANGE- BREASTED HOBBY. F AvEL-~C.° O° N, thers: the plumage on the upper parts brown, each feather mar- gined with ferruginous: behind the neck a crefcent of white: chin and fore part of the neck rufous; near the end of each feather a bar of black: the under parts of the body white; lower belly and thighs barred rufous and white. The tail.was wanting. This is perhaps the bird that Buffon has defcribed*; but in the P/, Enl. +, to which he refers, the bill isnot larger than common. Hobby, Genz. Syz. i. p. 203. N°. 90.—Ar&. Zool, ii. pe 227. O: Falco fubbuteo, Bruz. N° 10, 11.—Muller, N° 63. HIS bird feems not to venture fo far north as many others: is not met with in any pare of Sweden, except the moft fouthern provinces t: migrates /outh in autumn; winters about Woronefch and Aftrachan ||: is moft common in the open country,. particularly in the deferts of Tartary and Sibiria, whenever fmall trees are at hand in which it may breed §. We believe this to be the moft rapid in flight of all the Hawks. Larks will not truft to their wings while the Hoddy is in fight; and we remember once to have feen a Swallow purfued and overtaken, while on the wing;, by this bird. Orange-breafted Hobby, Gen. Syz. 1. p..103. N° g1.. HAVE met with two of thefe birds, which I fufpeét to be males; the one in length only nine inches, the other fcarcely ten: in the firft, the bars on the back were not very confpicuous: * Vol. i. p. 237. + 464. E t Scarcely beyond the province of Schonen. Ar&. Zool. {| Dec. Ruff. il, p. 14.2. § Mr. Pennant. the FreAcCL C ON. the throat only orange: chin plain white: fpace round the eyes fparingly covered with feathers. The fecond had a large rufous patch on the throat, in the mid- dle of which was a fpot of white: the upper parts brown black, barred with blueifh: breaft and belly the fame, but croffed with narrow bars of white : lower belly, thighs, and vent, rufous: legs orange. Both the above came from Cayenne. Merlin, Gen. Syz. 1. p. 106. N° 93. T has been fuppofed that the Mer/iz does not ftay with us in fummer ; but F am affured by Dr. Hey/ham that it breeds in Cumberland, and that he has met with two nefts, in each of which were four young, placed on the ground like that of the Ringtai/. The bird fuppofed to feed at a diftance from the neft. Thefe birds vary much in colour: in fome, the back and wings are not of a blueifh afh-colour, but ferruginous. Their manner of build- ing alfo varies, a pair of them having built in an old Crow’s nett, near Cowdit, in Lancafbire: of thefe it was obferved, that when they firft came, they were perpetually making a noife; but after the en had hatched, became quite filent*. Is met with on the continent of Europe, but we believe no where common: obferved now and then in the Ca/pian Defert and Barabat. The egg is of a plain chocolate-brown, roundifh, one inch and a quarter in lengtht. The male and female both alike ||. * Gent. Mag. 1766. p. 24. + Mr. Pennant... t Portland Mu. || Hi. de Lyon. i. p.202. Plain 29 Prace. 93= MERLIN. 39 99+ PLAIN F. DeEscRIPTION. PLACE. 100, BLACK-NECK- ED F. DESCRIPTION, PLACE. 101, WHITE-NECK- ED F. DESCRIPTION. EAL CeO. N, Plain Falcon, dra. Zool. ii. N° 104. IE. NGTH two feet one inch. Bill black: head dufky: nape fpotted with white: back, wing coverts, and tail, uniform deep brown: under fide of the neck, breaft, belly, and thighs, deep brown, flightly fpotted with white: primaries dufky ; inner webs marked with great oval fpots of white, mottled with brown: middle feathers of the tail plain brown; inner webs of the reft mottled with white; exterior webs and ends flightly edged with the fame: legs ftrong, yellow: wings nearly the length of the tail. Inhabits Hud/on’s Bay. Lev. Muf. ENGTAH one foot eleven inches. Bill black: general co- lour rufous, tranfverfely barred with black; the bars very narrow on the belly and thighs: behind the eye a ftreak of black : on the fore part of the neck a large patch of black: top of the head and neck longitudinally ftriped with black: belly fhaded with chefnut: quills black: end of the tail dufky : legs yellow : claws black. Inhabits Cayenne. ENGTH one foot ten inches. Bill. black: head, neck, back, between the wings, and all beneath, white: on the lower part of the neck behind fome lozenge-fhaped black fpots : wing he Ag lp Ca) Oy Ne wing coverts black, fpotted with white: quills black half way from the bafe, fpotted with white within; fecondaries tipped with white: legs ftout, yellow: claws black. ~ Inhabits Cayenne. J ENGTH twenty-one inches. General markings of the body and wings greatly fimilar to the common Buzzard, but much lefs in fize: bill blueifh black : breaft cream colour, dafh- ed down the fhafts with dufky black: belly, thighs, and vent, white: quills grey, barred with dufky black : on the fecondaries a bar of the fame near the end: baftard wing and greater coverts the fame: tail nine inches and a half long, rounded, of a pale fil- very grey ; on the outer feather five or fix irregular dufky bars, or rather blotches, down the fhaft, not very diftinét, the others plain; the upper coyerts white: legs yellow, feathered on the fore part below the knees. Inhabits Céiza. In poffeffion of Sir Fofeph Banks. Leverian Falcon, 4r&. Zool. N° 101. Lev. Muf. IZE much lefs than the O/prey. Bill dufky blue, ftout, and hooked: the head, neck, and under parts, white: crown of the head mixed brown and white: upper parts of the body brown, the feathers margined and tipped with white: on each fide of the head a dufky mark, fituated as in the O/prey: tail barred brown and white, except the two middle feathers, which are brown and black ; the fhafts white: legs yellow. Inhabits Carolina. 7 | SIZE PLace. 102. ASIATIC F. DeEscriprion- PLACE, 103. LEVERIAN F. DeEscrRIPTION, PLACEe 32 104. JOHANNA F, DESCRIPTION. PLACE. 105. MADAGASCAR F. DeEscRIPTION. PLACE. Fr AP LY Ci ON. S IZE uncertain... Bill black; bafe of the under mandible yel- low : head, neck, and under parts of the body, ferruginous, marked with black linear fpots: quills and_ tail black brown; the laft cuneiform in fhape; its coverts whitifh: legs yellow. Inhabits India, the ifland of Fobanna. ‘The defcription taken from a manufcript in the poffeffion of the late Dr. Fothergill. L’Autour a ventre rayé de Madagafcar, Sox. Voy. Ind. ii. p. 101. pl. 103. IZE of a Pheafant. Bill black, curved from the bafe: the eye furrounded with a naked yellow fkin, reaching from the bafe of the bill to the hind head; irides yellow: the top of the head, neck, back, and wing coverts, pale cinereous grey; the larger coverts marked with black near the tips: quills white, within half way from the bafe barred with dufky black, the end half black: under part of the wings ftriated white and black : breaft, belly, and rump, white, marked with curved black bands : tail black, croffed about the middle with a band of white dotted with black: legs yellow. Inhabits Madaga/car, where it is called by the French digle vayé. The manners are not faid; but, from the bill being lefs hooked in the plate than mentioned in the defcription, from the fides of the head being fo very bare, and the claws very little hooked, I have my fufpicions of its rather belonging to the Yu/- ture genus, than that of the Falcon. SIZE BoD Gc O Mm SIZE large, and of a very ftout make: length two feet or “more. Bill blue at the bafe, black at the tip: irides pale yel- low: general colour of the plumage deep brown; before the eyes marked with white: the head feathers are fomewhat elon= gated, but fcarcely fo much as to be called a cre#': wing coverts marked with fmall white fpots: quills darker than the reft of the plumage: tail the fame, croffed in the middle with a bar of white about an inch and a half broad: thighs and belly of a paler brown than the upper parts; the firft marked with a few white fpots, the laft plain: legs of a pale yellow, fealy : claws black. Inhabits India, where it is not uncommon: known there by the name of Cheela*. LEN GTH nineteen inches. Bill black-brown ; cere yellow: head and neck rufous, each feather dafhed with brown ; throat and behind the eyes marked with narrow ftripes of black : back and rump brown: fcapulars clouded, cinereous-grey barred with brown: chin pale rufous yellow : under parts of the body dirty white, croffed with numerous bars of afh-colour: feathers on the fides of the tail black and white mixed: tail feven inches long, the four middle feathers crofied with a buff-coloured bar aninch and a half from the end; the others marked with five or fix of the fame, the tips alfo buff-coloured: quills cream-colour, barred with narrow black lines, the ends blackifh ; fecondaries the fame, but barred only on the inner webs. Inhabits Cayenne. * Mr. Middletor. F Falco, 33 106. CHEELA F. Descrirrion. PLace. 107. RUFOUS. HEADED F,. DESCRIPTIONS PLace. 9% 2 168). ARABIAN KITE. DESCRIPTION. PUAGE. 109. STREAKED F. DESCRIPTION. Packs 110. NOTCHED F.. DESCRIPTION. FA: ¢ © NM. Falco,. Faun. Arab. ps 1s. @MALLER than our Kite: length. eighteen’ inches. Bilt: ~ and cere yellow: the feathers of the head narrow, and of aru- fous brown, dafhed with black down the fhafts: back and wing eoverts cinereous, with brown fhafts: quills brown without,. within grey, fafciated with brown; the ends black: the tail the © length of the body, and forked, the wing, when clofed, not reach-. ing to the end of it; the feathers cinereous, banded with brown ¢- legs. yellow; half of the fhins covered with feathers+ claws. black. : This is faid to be frequent in Zgyp¢ in the fummer, and the: Arabic nane Haddai. Lev. Mu/f.- QIZE of: a Rook: length fifteen’ inches and‘ a. half. Bill’ black; cere yellow: head and. neck white, each feather: marked with a black ftreak down the fhaft; through the eye a. black ftreak: back and wing coverts black, fpotted with white :- quills plain black: tail black, croffed with a confpicuous white. bar about the middle, and a few fpots of the fame on the inner~ webs of fome of the outer feathers: the under parts.of the body- white: legs yellow: claws black.. Inhabits Cayenne, ENGTH fourteeminches, Bill brown; the under mandible- yellow, the upper one furnifhed with a double notch about the middle; the plumage on the upper parts blueifh black:: 3) brealt: “ F A L Cc ©) N, breaft and belly rufous, the laft clouded with white: vent white: quills barred with white within: tail deep lead-colour, marked with three bars of a paler colour on the outer webs, and on the inner as many of white placed oppofite: legs yellow. Inhabits Cayexne. © ENGTAH nineteen inches. Bill dufky blue: head, and hind part of the neck, black; fore part of the neck very light brown: back and wings grey, barred with black: belly pale reddifh brown, marked with rhomboidal fpots of black: tail grey, croffed with eleven or twelve bars of black, placed oblique- ly: legs pale yellowifh green. Inhabits the river Ganges, in India, and other places in that neighbourhood. ENGTH nineteen inches. Bill pale blue: colour of the plumage blackifh brown above, white beneath; the black - curves forward towards the threat, and the white paffes back- wards above it, not unlike the diftribution of thofe célours in the black Falcon: breaft, belly, and thighs, marked with cordated black fpots flatted at top: tail croffed with indiftine bars ‘of a paler colour: legs yellow: claws black. The younger bird is marked fomewhat different: the ge- neral colour, on the upper parts, pale reddifh brown: the throat, and a patch behind the eye, white: fore part of the neck and breaft marbled with pale brown and white: belly, thighs, and F 2 vent, 35 PLack It. RHOMBOIDAL F. DESCRIPTION: PLACE, T1205 BEHREE F, DESCRIPTION: Mate. FreMaLe, 36 FATT) C7 OU N vent, white: tail pale brown, croffed with narrow indiftiné white bars. PLack. This fpecies inhabits India, and is-called Bebree *,. \ Falco fufcus, Faun. Groen. N° 34. b.. Grey Falcon, Crantz, i. 78.—Egede, 64. Dufky F. Ar&. Zool, ii. p..220. E. 113; GREENLAND: DsscriPTIONs ESS than the Collared Falcon. Cere and legs lead-colour :: irides dufky: crown brown, fpotted with white: nape and throat white: breaft and belly yellowith white, ftreaked down- wards with dufky: back dufky, singed with blue; the ends of the feathers lighteft, and fprinkled over with a few white fpots, efpecially towards.the rump : tail dufky, croffed very faintly wicti paler bars; the under fide whitifh: the-tail of the young is black, with great brown fpots on the exterior webs. Prac. This fpecies. inhabits Greenland throughout, and is feen on the Ice [fands remote from fhore. In the breeding feafon retires in- land: lays from three to five fpotted’ eggs: preys on various birds, darting on them like an arrow out of a bow; and gives bat- tle to the Raven, but feldom proves victorious, as the laft, by its fcreams, brings together others to its-aid, which in concert drive off the enemy. The fiefh is fometimes, though rarely, eaten. The fkins ufed-for garments. It alfo inhabits Iceland; Fabricius thinks this bird to be a variety or young of the Co/- fered Faleon+.—In the Aréic Zoology itis confidered as.a diftiné. tpecies. * Mr. Middleton. + Vol. 1. pe56: LENG TE my Ay i C; OO. N; 37 1T4. Japahen PLUMBEOUS F. ENGTH thirteen inches and ahalf. Plumage on the upper p,.cayption. parts lead-colour : round the eye fomewhat bare: wings and tail darkeft; the laft fix inches in length, and nearly black, croffed near the bafe and the middle with two narrow lines of white, but, except the two middle ones, only on the inner webs; beneath white, tranfverfely marked with narrow afh-coloured bars: chin pale cinereous white: juft round the eye bare of feathers: be- tween the legs white: legs long and yellow. Inhabits Cayenne. Dubious Falcon, Arg. Zool. ii. N° 112;- Prace. I15. DUBIOUS F..- | ENGT H ten inches: weight fix ounces. Bill dufky: cere pescrirrion. and irides yellow: head dufky, ftreaked- with ruft-colour: back and wing coverts brown, edged with ruft: primaries dufky. afh-colour, barred with black, the inner webs marked tranfverfely with oval ferruginous fpots : breaft and belly dirty white, marked with oblong ftreaks of brown; not unlike the Englifh Merlin: taik long, of a-deep cinereous, croffed-with four bars of black, refem- bling that of the Sparrow-Hawk. Inhabits New York: and Carolina : not improbably a variety of the Pigeon-Hawk*. p * Ar&, Zool.—It is alfo greatly fimilar tomy American Brown Hawk. ~ Synic- Pp 98-.N° 34, Dukky PLACES. 38 116. AMERICAN F., ‘DEscRIPTION. PLACE. Tir ‘CRIARD F. DESCRIPTION. PLACE. a7 Av 8 CAO WN: Dutky Falcon, Ar&. Zool. ii. N° 113. ESS than the Dudious F. Bill blueifh; upper mandible armed with a fharp procefs ; cere yellow: head, back, wing coverts, and thofe of the tail, dufky brown, flightly edged with ferruginous: hind part of the neck fpotted with white: primaries dufky; inner webs marked with oval {pots of a pale ruft-colour : tail /eort, tipped with white, and barred with four broad dutky ftrokes, and the fame number of narrow ones of white: from the chin to the tail whitifh, ftreaked downwards with diftinet lines of black: legs deep yellow. Inhabits New York. La petite Bufe Criarde, Son. Voy. Ind. it. p. 184. IZE of a Wood-Pigeon. Bill fhort: irides yellow; eyes fur= rounded with a naked red fkin; the eyelids furnifned with true eye-lafhes: top of the head, hind part of the neck, back, rump, and tail, cinereous grey: leffer wing coverts black; the middle ones cinereous grey; the greater, greyifh black ; throat and under parts white: legs yellow: claws black; the middle one large. - This inhabits the coaft of Coromandel : met with frequently in the rice-fields, where there are great quantities of {mall Frogs, on which it is fuppofed to feed: is a thy bird; and, as it cries out aloud when any one appears in fight, it has obtained the name of Criard. BE A-L..C «0: N. 39. ‘ 118. Lev. May, TINY F, ENGTH from bill to rump fixinches. Bill dufky: plu- Descrreriony. mage on the upper parts cinereous brown: crown of the head: dufky white: under parts-of the body of this.laft\colour, barred with dufky: legs yellow. ‘The tail was wanting. This minute fpecies was broughtfrom (Cayenué,.and is by.much. Puace.. the fmalleft L ever met-with.. GrenuS f 40 J - Genus Ii. O W L. * EARED OWLS. **# WITH SMOOTH HEADS, 15. a. Chinefe E, O. 41. Wapacuthu O. 1g.b. Coromandel E,O. * 42. Spectacle O. 43. Mountain O. “Fh ARED OWLS. 2 REAT Great Eared Owl, Gez, Syx. i. p. 116. N° 1.—-Ar&. Zool. ii. N° 114. E. OWL. ‘Strix Bubo, Muller, p. 10.—Georgi Reife, p. 164.-—Faun, Arag. p.70. HIS fpecies is faid to inhabit various places on the old con- tinent, extending even to the aréfic region, and is common alfo at Kamt/chatka. Isfeen alfo at Aftrachan, tothe fouth; and mentioned, among others, as frequenting Aleppo. Is now and then feen with us, one being fhot by the game-keeper of the Rev. Mr. Hare, at Hurftmonceaux, in Suffex, in the year 1784. ey VIRGINIAN Virginian Eared Owl, Gen. Syz. i. p. 11g Nz. &.OWL. HIS is fmaller than the European {pecies; but, from its great fimilarity thereto, is by fome efteemed a variety of that bird. It is common both to South and North America; not unfrequenct at Hudfon’s Bay, where it frequents the woods, and builds the neft in March; it is compofed of a few fticks laid acrofs, for the moft part placed on the pine trees. The young fly in Zune. The eggs z are OW Tt are two in number, of a dull white. The bird is called by the natives Natowokey Omiffew *. The Ow/ was accounted a bird of ill omen by the Egyptians and Romans, and is held to this day in fuperftitious fear by the Ameri- can favages. By the Athenians it was held facred; and, from its appearance of gravity, fuppofed emblematic of wifdom, and in courfe dedicated to the goddefs Minerva. Particular veneration was obferved to be paid to it in Oxeebeow by our circumnavi- gators +; and the fame thing was alfo mentioned by Dampier, in refpeét to the natives of the weft fide of New Holland. The Owl is called by the inhabitants of the Friendly Iles, Looloo ft. Ceylonefe Owl, Gen, Syn. i. p. 120. N° 4. T is obferved by Mr. Mar/den, that feveral Ow/s are found in Sumatra ||, and in particular the great hormed one; by which he moft probably means this fpecies. An Owl, the fize of a Hen, is alfo faid to be common to India ; of a grey colour, with the end of each feather marked with con- centric circles of pearly grey of different fhades. This laft is faid to benct fhy, and is fometimes feen flying in the day time §. * Hutchins. + Cook’s Laft Voy. vol. ii. p. 219. t Id. Append, {| Hz. Swmatr. p. 98. § £f. Phil. p.6s.—Whether this is the fame, or a different fpecies, cannot be determined, as no horns are mentioned. SupPL. G Long- 41 ae CEYLONESE H. OWL. 42 a LONG-EAR- EDO. 8. 4- RED E, O. OW L. Long-eared Owl, Gen. Syx. i. p. 121. N° 5.—Aré. Zool. ii. N° 115. Strix otus, Braz, N° 16.—Muller, p.10.—Faun. Arag. p.71. HIS fpecies is found in various parts of Europe, being met with in Sweden, and far north in the Rufian dominions, to the fouth at 4frachan, and even to Egypt*. We likewife remem- ber to have feen fuch a one among fome Chine/e drawings, where, from its relative fize to others in the fame colle&ion, it could be no other than this fpecies. It is likewife an inhabitant of America ; but how far fouth, has not come to our knowledge. It is, however, common at Hud/on’s Bay, where it ftays the year round. The weight of a male is eight ounces and a half: the breadth twenty-eight inches. Is not met with, except at aconfi- derable diftance from the /ea; and feldom feen in the day, but of nights is very clamorous. It breeds in trees, and lays four white eges in April. The young fly the end of May. It goes by the name of Amifk Oho t. Red Owl, Ge. Sya. i. p. 123. N° 8.—4rd&. Zool, N° 117. pl. rie Strix Afio, Faun. Groenl. N° 37. HIS is found in the fouthern parts of Greenland, efpecially about Tunnudliorbick ; and is probably the one known there by the name of Siutitok. * 4, Lool. + Mr. Hutchins Short IE Oo W L. Short-eared Owl, Gen, Syx. i. p. 124. N°9- HIS {pecies is very common in the northern and woody parts of Sibiria ; comes blindly bold to the night fires, and affaults men, fo as often to be killed with fticks. Has been met with at Falkland Iflands, fo probably is common to South as well as North America*. It vifits Hudfon’s Bay in May; makes a nett of dry grafs on the ground. The eggs are white. It departs fouth in September. Known to the Englifh by the name of Moufe Hawk. By the natives called Zhothofecaufew+. Is known to fome in England by the name of Woodcock Owl, as it-is fuppofed to-ap- pear and retreat with that bird. Is very fierce and courageous. One having been fhot in Derby/bire in the wing, would not fuffer itfelf to be taken up, as it flew at the perfon with furprifing fury, “and was obliged to be difpatched before it could be fecured}. It is far from uncommon; but, as far as my obfervation leads me, is hot met with fo often as the /ong-eared {pecies. Scops E, Owl, Gen. Sy. i. p. 129. HIS is pretty common in the fouth of Rufia, and weftern parts of Sibiria; but not obferved eaftward ||. * Ar&. Zool. + Mr. Hutchins. t Mr. Tunftall.—I have alfo heard a fimilar inftance confirmed to me by an- other hand. l| Mr. Penzant. Ge -Hibou 43 Q- +SHORT-EAR< ED OWL. 15. SCOPS E. O, 44 Th. & CHINESE E, O. DeEscrRIPTION. PLacg. 15. fp. COROMANDEL E. O. DeEsCRIPTION. PLACE. oO W LL Hibou de la Chine, Son. Voy. Ind. il. p. 185- IZE of the Long-earedO. Bill black: top of the head, hind part of the neck, back, rump, wing coverts, and tail, rufous brown, marked with fine undulated black lines: quills the fame ; befides which, the fecond quills have four tranfverfe bands of a pale rufous colour, and the outer webs of the greater ones are fpotted with rufous white: the forehead is white: fore part of the head pale rufous: on each feather of the throat is a dafh of black down the fhaft, broadeft near the end: breaft, belly, and thighs, of a deeper rufous, with a darker ftreak down the middle of each feather, croffed by bands of white: legs black. . Inhabits China. ‘Le petit Hibou de la Cote de Coromandel, Sox. Voy. Ind. ii. p. 186% HIS is one third lefs than the laft. Bill black: irides yel- low: the cheeks are white: the head and upper parts ru~ fous grey, fpotted with rufous white : fecond quills the fame, and croffed with rufous white bands, one of which is at the ends: prime quills darker, fpotted on the outer web like the others: the tail alfo is fimilar, and croffed with three bands: the under parts. of the body reddith, tranfverfely marked with curved bands of black : legs reddith, and feathered to the claws. Inhabits the coaft of Coromandel. Whether this or the laft has. the eared feathers, is not faid; but by the name Hidow being ap- plied, it fhould feem to belong to the eared fpecies. In fome: drawings at Sir Yofeph Banks's 1 met with one correfponding exactly as to colour; and the length in the drawing was twenty inches. This had vaft ears ftanding upright over the forehead. E ** WITH o W LL, Pus avy Paolo NOC’ ta Fir NDS. Snowy Owl, Gen. Syz. i. p.132. N° 17. 4rG. Zool. N° 117. fig, in frontifp. Strix ny&ea, Georgi Reife, p. 164.—Muller.—Brun. p. 7.—Faun. Groen, N° 16. HE length of this is two feet, but varies exceedingly: weight from one pound and a half to three pounds. Is a fcarce bird in Rufia; but more frequent in the Ura/iaz mountains, as it is all over the worth and eaft of Sibiria: is very numerous in Kamt/- shatka *. It is known in Sweden by the name of Harfang t, and goes. alice the fame appellation at Affrachanf, where it is not unfrequent. Is alfo common as high as Greeuland, and builds in the hollows of rocks, at a diftance from habitations: lives chiefly on Piarmigans and Hares, which it drops on by ftealth; though obferved at Hud/on’s Bay to feed likewife on Mice and fmall Birds. This is there called Wapacuthu ||. Cinereous Owl, Gen: Syz, i. p. 134. N° 19. Sooty Owl, 4rd. Zool, ii. N° 120, HE wale of this bird is two feet in length, and weighs three pounds, Irides yellow: from the breaft to the vent is a {pace about an inch in breadth, quite bare of feathers. Is not un- * Ar&. Zaol. + Faun. Suec. t Dec. Ruf. ii. p.142.—Thofe feen about Worone/ch, on the river Don, faid to be deep-coloured in fummer, and white in winter. Jd. 1. p. 91. {| Mr. Butchins, 17. + SNOWY O. DeEsCRIPTION» 19. Sa CINEREOUS OWL, common: . 46 26. + WHITE O. OW L. common in the woods at Hud/on’s Bay, where it is a conftant in- habitant: it builds the neft on a pine tree the middle of May, with a few loofe fticks, lined with feathers: lays two eggs, marked with darkifh-coloured fpots : the young fly the end of Fuly. Moft- ly feen in pairs: the chief food Mice and Rabbits: flies low, yet with great force, often ftriking itfelf into the fnow a foot deep when in chafe after its prey: is fo {trong as to be able to fly off with an American Hare alive in its talons: is called at Hud/on’s Bay, Omiffew Athinetow, or Speckled Owl*. White Owl, Ger. Syx. i. p. 138. N° 26.— 4rd. Zool. N° 124. ‘Strix flammea, Muller, p. 11. PT HIS is common both to North and South America, as well as various parts of the continent of Europe, though not found fo far xorth as fome others. It is faid to inhabit Afrachan+; and we have alfo feen it painted among other birds from China. Itis likewife a native of various parts of India, and far from uncommon. At Hindoftan it is known by the name of Ulu, and in the Per/ian language is called Bum f. * Mr. Hutchins.—This gentleman obferved, that the sale was larger than the female; and in fuch of the Ow/ genus as we have feen, it was ever the fame, in ~ this differing from the reft of the rapacious tribe. + Dec. Ruff ii. p. 142. t Mr, Middleton. Browa OF Wi Ie Brown Owl, Gen. Syz. i. p. 140. 28.—4r&. Zool. N° 125. Strix ulula, Brusx. N° 19.—Muller, p. 11.—Georgi Reife, p. 164.—Fauz. Arag. p.71- HIS bird is lefs common in Refia than the reft of the conti- nent of Ezrope: not known in Sibiria*; but mentioned by Gmelin as frequenting Affrachan +: it is alfo found at Newfound- land. The Brown Owl, being fond of Mice, may be decoyed within gunfhot, by any perfon’s imitating the fqueaking of one: is ob- ferved feldom to eat more than the fore quarters of its prey, leav- ing the hind untouched in the neft {: is faid now and then to burrow like a Raddit||. The eggs are five in number, and white §. Canada Owl, Gez. Syz.i. p. 142. N° 29.—Hawk Owl, 4r&. Zool. N° 234+ Strix funerea, Muller, p.11. E have reafon to think that it is found both in Europe and America §: in the laft is very common, in the woods at Hudfon’s Bay; and makes the neft in March, in trees, of fticks and * Ar&. Zool. + Dec. Ruf. ii. p. 142- { Gen. Dire&ory, pe 142. l| Bi. de Lyons, i. p. 199. § Sepp. Vog. pl. in p. 63.—In this plate are male and female of what he calls Strix ulula; but thefe feem fo very like our /efér eared Orw/, that I hefitate about the identity of the fpecies. 47 28. + BROWN O. 2G + CANADA O. q In the Aric Zoology, the Canada, Hawk, Cafpian, and Ural Owls, are ; thought to be oneand the fame. The two firft feem to me much allied ; and the Cafpian Owl I have ever thought to be very fimilar: yet Dr. Pa/las, in his de- feription of the two laft, thought them diftin& fpecies; and it was the opinion of fo diflinguithed a naturalift which induced me to place them, according to his fentiments, in the Syzop/is, grafs, 4s 39- NEW OBA. LAND OWL. DsscRIPTION. 40. + LITTLE O. * (@) Ww Ts. grafs, wich a lining of feathers: the eggs are white: the young fly in Fane: its food often Mice. Etis a bold bird, and frequents - the fires made by the natives in the night *. New Zealand Owl, Gen. Syn. i. p. 149. N° 39. ENGTH eleven inches. Noftrils and cheeks fulvous, the laft paleft: the upper parts of the body brown, the feathers . margined with fulvous: the lower part of the back and rump plain brown: the breaft and belly not unlike the upper parts, but paler: vent pale brown: the thighs brown, fpotted with white : legs feathered to the toes, fulvous and brown clouded : tail brown, croffed with bands of pale brown, the tip very pale. I mention this again here, as I have had the opportunity of de- fcribing it more fully, from one in the collection of Sir Fo/epb Banks. Little Owl, Gen. Syn. i. p. 150. N° 40.—4rd. Zool. N° 126. Strix paflerina, Brun. N° 20.—Muller, N° 83.—Georgi Reifey p. 164.—— Sepp. Vog. pl. in p.69.—Faun. Arag. p.71- HIS is obferved to vary in fize: that of Hud/on’s Bay weighs four ounces and a half, and the length eight inches and a half; breadth twenty: it lives at all times among the pize trees, on which it builds a neft, half way up, made of grafs, in May: lays two white eggs; and the young fly the beginning of Fuly: is not a plentiful fpecies, and folitary to an extreme: very active of nights, but is drowfy, and feldom moves in the day, when it is not ® Mr. Hatchins. uncommon Oo wW L uncommon for the Judian children to {teal towards them and feize them. itis common in Rzfia, but not met with in Sidivia*, I have alfo met with this fpecies among fome drawings done in India +; but the ground colour of the bird was a clay-coloured brown, much paler than in the Ewropeau one, the white fpots much the fame, and the tail croffed with three or four whitifh bars. Wapacuthu Owl, 4-4. Zool. ti. N° 119. LENGTH two feet, breadth four; weight five pounds. Bill black: irides yellow: fpace between the eyes, the throat, and cheeks, white: the ends of the feathers of the head black: {capulars and wing coverts white, elegantly barred with dufky reddifh marks pointing downwards: primaries, fecondaries, and tail feathers, irregularly {potted and barred with pale red and black; back and tail coverts marked with a few dufky fpots: breaft and belly dirty white, croffed with innumerable reddifh lines: vent white: legs feathered to the toes, which are covered with hairs. This inhabits the woods about Hud/on’s Bay; makes the neft on the dry mofly ground; the eggs from five to ten in numberf, | and white: the young hatched in May: called by the natives Wapacuthu, and by them confounded with the Szowy Ow/; but Mr. Hutchins affures me that they are diftinct {pecies. © Ar&, Zal. + In poffeffion of Mr. Middleton, t So Mr. Hutchins expreffes ; but, if no miftake, it is vaftly different from the ' other fpecies.. SupPL: H Lev, 49 41. + WAPACU- THU O. DESCRIPTION. PLACE AnD Mane NERS, - £0 42. SPECTACLE O. Px. CVI. ‘DEscRIPTION, Puacy.. 43>. MOUNTAIN. 0. DzscRIPTION. PLACE. oO W oF Lew. Mu HIS is lefs ftout than the Cinereous Owl: length twenty- one inches. The bill.ftrong, hooked, yellow, and half co- vered with reflected black briftles: the head fmall in proportion, not fe fully clothed with feathers, giving it the air of a Hawk: the colour of the head and neck white, and the feathers on thofe parts appear woolly: on each fide of the head a large patch of black brown furrounding the eyes: the chin is alfo of the fame colour: the upper parts of the body are red brown, and a bar of the fame croffes the breaft: the under parts of the body rufous white: the quills and tail brown, croffed with narrow bars of a paler brown; tip of the laft white: the legs are feathered to the toes with yellowifh white feathers: the claws horn-colour. I found this fingular fpecies among a collection of birds which were brought from Cayenne, and the fpecimen is now in the Leve- rian collection. A label afhxed to the leg named it Le Plon- gueur. ‘ HIS bird in colour fomewhat refembles the A/uco Ow/, but is certainly a different fpecies. The bill and irides are yel- low: the general colour of the plumage cinereous: chin and fpace round the eyes black: the outermoft quill, and half the next, ferrated on the outer edge : the tail rather long. This inhabits Szdiria, but only found. in the mountains in the eaftern parts.—Mr, Pennant. ORDER Pil (GND = SS —— Gatig RSS 2 Gazi OLA [st ] OroEr Th RP ass Genus IV. SHRIKE, N° 53. Malabar Shr. N° so. Leffer Grey Shr. 54. Boulboul Shr. 51. Black-capped Shr. 52. Nootka Shr. 55. Orange Shr. Great cinereous Shrike, Gez. Syx. i. p. 160. 4.— Ard. Zool. N° 127. ¥: Lanius excubitor, Faux. Arag. p. 71.—=Sepp. Vog. pl. in p. 121. +- GREAT CI: é NEREOUS SHR- HIS fpecies breeds at Hud/on’s Bay, building half way up a . pine or juniper tree, in Apri]. The hen fits fifteen days. It “is there known by the name of Wapaw Wifky Fobu, or White Whifky Fobn*. Ferruginous-bellied Shrike, Ger. Syn.i. p. 163. 8. 8. FERRUGINOUS N the collection of the late Mr. Boddam this fpecies is entitled BELUED Oaths Canary-biter, or Fifchal-Bird. & Mr. Autchine Ba tiie: Red. 15. - RED-BACK- ED SHR. 2%. LUZONIAN SH. “Var. _ DzscriPTION. PLACE. S H RIK E Red-backed Shrike, Gen. Syn. i. p. 167. N° 15.—-Ar&. Zool, N¢ 131. Lanius Collurios Braz. N° 23; 24.—Faun. Arag. p. 71.—Sepp. Vog. pl. iw p. 127. HIS is found in the temperate and open parts of Rufia, but not in Sidiria * ; and is pretty common in France and Italy, as well as many other parts of the continent, migrating accord- ing to the feafon: with us comes in /pring and departs in autumn. Luzonian Shrike, Gev. Syx.i. p.172. N® 21. ENGTH eight inches. Bill black: through the eyes a black ftreak: crown of the head, and upper part of the neck and body, afh-colour, verging to tawny on the back : breaft and belly white: wings black, croffed with tawny: on the prime quills a white fpot: tail black, tipped with chefnut: legs blackith. | | Inhabits India. It feems much allied both to my chefnut- backed Shrike, N° 3, and the Luzonian above mentioned; but from the fize it moft approaches the latter ; infomuch as to apo- logize for my placing it as a variety of that fpecies.—Defcribed from the drawings of Lady Impey. ®@ Ar&, Zool. focofe SHRdI&® &E Jocofe Shrike, Gen. Syn. i. p. 175. N° 26. Le petit Merle huppé de la Chine, Buf. O// iii. p. 318. Le petit Merle huppé des Indes, So. Voy. Ind. ii. p. 189. pl. inp. 109. MONG fome drawings in poffeffion of the late Dr. Forher- gill, one of thefe birds was figured with the throat black, and the breaft and belly of a pale brown. That of Sonnerat differs in being. rather fmaller, the creft much elongated and pointed at the top, and the black ftreak at the corner of the mouth not diftinguifhed. This bird frequents the coafts of Malabar, Bengal, and Coro- mandel. At the laft place it is-called Bouldoul. Grey Shrike, Gez. Syzi. p. 183: N° 36.- Leffer Grey Shrike, Aré?. Zool. ii. p. 240-A. 8 HIS fpecies inhabits Ruffiaand Sibiria, in the forefts, the whole winter: is taken and tamed by the fowlers for the fake of the diverfion it affords, by fticking the birds which are given to it for food on a pointed wire, or ftick, placed for the purpofe, in the. manner related under the article of our great cinereous Shrike. It has been before mentioned as inhabiting the warmer parts of America 3; and we have obferved a variety which came from. Cayenne. This was only feven inches inlength: the under parts, from the breaft, yellowifh white: the tail feathers not tipped with. white, only the outer edge of the firft marked with grey.. Spotted 53 26. ' JOCOSE SHR, PLACE.- 36. GREY. SHR;. PLACE. 54: 41, A. SPOTTED. CAYENNESHR. 49. MAGPIE SHR. 50. LESSER GREY SHR. DESCRIPTION. Prack. St. BLACK-CAP. PED SHR. MALE. S Ho RYE KK 7B. Spotted Cayenne Shrike, Gen. Sya.i; p. 189. N° 41. A. N the collection of Colonel Davies is a bird of this kind, dif- fering in having the forehead of a pale buff-colour, a rufous fpot on the ears, and the belly of a plain grey-colour. Magpie Shrike, Gex. Syz. i. p. 192. N° 4g, HIS bird inhabits South America. Ona label tied to the leg of one which came from Cayenne was written Vale Savane, which I apprehend to be the name which the bird is there known by. Pie-grifche d’Italie, Buf. Oi/.1. p. 298.—Pl. Exl. 32: Leffer Grey Shrike, 4r4@. Zool. ii. p. 241. B. "THE forehead is black: acrofs the eyes a line of black: the head, hind part and fides of the neck, the back, and wing coverts, cinereous, paleft onthe rump; ridge of the wing white: prime quills black, with a fpot of white near the bafe ; feconda- ries black, with white tips: throat white: breaft and belly tinged with rofe-colour : tail feathers black; the ends of all but the two middle ones tipped with white. This is found both in Spain and Italy ; it alfo inhabits Rufia, but not Sibiria. LENGTH fix inches. Bill one inch, hooked at the tip, co- lour dufky: the head much crefted; the feathers of it three quarters of an inch Jong: the head, and all the fore part of the neck quite Si Ey Wo ol Wy EF quite to the middle of the belly, black: the upper part of the body of a greyith afh-colour ; between the wings mottled with brown: wing coverts tipped with white, hence the wing appears barred with white; the outer edge of the fecond quills white: the upper tail coverts and tail tipped with white; on the outer fea- ther two white {pots: legs black. One along with the above, fuppofed to be the female, wanted the creft: the crown was blackifh: chin and throat afh-colour :. the upper part of the body much like the other; between the fhoulders mottled with white: the tail feathers the fame as in the male, but the outer margins white. Thefe were brought from Cayenne. Nootka Shrike, Ar. Zool. 11. N° 130% ENGTH feven inches anda quarter. Bill black, except the, upper half of the lower mandible: crown, lower part.of the neck behind, and the back, black: over the eye a white line, ex- tending quite to the nape; beneath that, one of black ;. from this to the chin wholly white: a narrow white circle encompafies the neck: leffer wing coverts black; greater white, more or lefs. dafhed down the fhafts with black; prime quills dufky, edged with yellowith brown; fecondaries black, edged and tipped with white: tail black, a little rounded; the four outer feathers tip- ped with white: rump cinereous, the edges of the feathers grey :. legs. black.. This was brought from Nootka Souud, in North. America. 3: Le grand: 55. FEMALE,. PLAcE, 52. + NOOTKA: SHRGa ie DEscRIPTION>. PLACE, . 56 $° Ht ROT RE Le grand Gobe-mouches de la'Céte de Malabar, Sov. oy. Ind. ii. ps 195. 53« MALABAR mia SHRIKE. Visi : Drongo.de Malabar, Buf. Oz iv. p. 587 Lev. Mu. DescRIPTION. SIZE of the Aifel Thrufo: length feventeen inches and a ~ half. Bill one inch, hooked at the tip, pretty ftout, and black ; at the bafé feveral briftles pointing forwards: irides red : general colour of the plumage black ; but the head, neck, back, and rump, have a glofs of blue: the feathers of the head and neck are narrower than the reft, and fharp at the ends: the tail in general is of a moderate length, but the outmoft feather on each fide is three times the length of the others, and has, near fix inches of its length, the fhaft naked, being webbed only for about an inch and a half at the end, and that only on the outer fide: the legs are ftrong and black. PLACE. This inhabits the coaft of Malabar, and other parts of India. It flies heavily, and-is only feen of evenings. That in the Leve= vian Mufeum anfwers the above defcription. But Ifind a bird very Pi. CVU —fimilar, if not the fame, among the drawings of Lady Jmpey. This is nearly as large‘as a Fackdaw. “The whole bird black, gloffed with blue: on the fore part of the head a vaft creft, rifing high and bending backwards; before it fome loofe feathers: thofe of the hind part of the neck are alfo long and loofe. The tail exactly correfponds with that of the laft defcribed. PLACE. This laft is called the Great-crefted “Blackbird. The Indian name Bumrauge. It is found in various parts of India, efpe- cially on the hills of the kingdom of dracan, 4 SIZE rag + onion radon ; S WReIrkK £. 87 BOULBOUL SIZE of a Fieldfare. Bill yellow, and a trifle crooked at the SHR. end: head, neck, back, primaries, and tail, black: breaft and Description. belly changing to afh-colour: leffer wing coverts dufky ; greater and fecondaries brown, croffed with two whitifh tranfverfe bars: legs yellow. Inhabits India; called the Greater Boulbonl. PLace. Sigs ORANGE SHR. ENGTH feven inches. Bill one inch, black: the top Of Description. the head, and each fide of it, parallel with the under jaw, and nape, black: upper parts of the neck and body yellow ; beneath, the fame, but lefs bright : the chin and breaft inclined to rufous: wing coverts brown; quills and tail the fame, but darker: legs horn-colour. Inhabits Cayenne. Paacz: q) ot as a wo Suppi. I { 58 J Genus V. P A R R O T., * WITH UNEVEN TAILS. N° 134. Pennantian P. N° 137. Orange-bellied Ps. 135. Buff-fronted P. 138. Peregrine P. 136. Dubious P. ** WITH TAILS EVEN AT THE END, 139. Bankian Cockatoo. 144. Amber P. 140, Eaftern Parrot. 145. Solitary P. 141. Grifled P. 146. Blue-rumped P- 142. Blue-cheeked P. 147. Red-naped P. 143. Cochin-china P. * WITH UNEVEN TAILS. ae Military Maccaw, Gen. Syn. i. p. 202. N® 3.. MILITARY Macca: Met with one of thefe at the houfe of the late Taylor White, Efq; preferved on paper by his daughter, after the manner re- commended by Mr. Edwards, in his Hiftory of Birds; which is -now to be feen among others in the Leverian Collection. 9: Brafilian Green Maccaw, Gen. Syn. i. p. 208. N°g. BRASILIAN ae Piao ENGTH feventeen inches. Bill black: general colour of DEscRIPTION. the plumage on the upper parts green; crown inclining to blue; Pl Al ReERVO" T; blue; the rump to yellow: the fore part of the neck dufky ath- colour: breaft and belly yellow green: between the legs of a deep crimfon approaching to chefnut: quills blue, fringed on the outer edges with green: tail greatly cuneiform; the two middle feathers eight inches long; all the feathers of a yellow green, with chefnut fhafts: legs black. I {aw this among a collection which came from Cayenne, per- haps the female of that before defcribed. _ Blue-bellied Parrot, Gex. Syn. i. p. 213. HIS variety differs merely in having five or fix fpots of red tipped with yellow on the fcapulars and inner bend of the wing, and the blue bounded with reddifh at the nape. I obferved it among the drawings of Colonel Davies. Saw this among fome Chinefe drawings, where it was named Ue fhek uang. , Caroline Parrot, Gen. Syz. i. p. 227. N° 29. T is not improbable that this and my Orange-headed P. N° 111. are one and the fame. The conjectures of a friend on this head lead me to think fo; but Mr. Du Pratz’s imperfect de- icription of the laft muft ever leave conjecture to fupply the place of fact; nor has Mr. de Buffon been able to fupply the deficiency, taking it up only on the authority of the firft defcriber. Lo 1 Cae 59 14. Var. Cy BLUE-BELLIED PARROT. 24. LORY PARRA- KEET, 290. CAROLINE P. 60 Py Ap Ro Ry Op Te SEO Can no longer doubt the exiftence of this bird. in. the ftraits of EMERALD iol : - PARROT. Magalhaen, fince it is averred that flocks innumerable, of a fmaller kind of Parrot, were feen at Poxt Famine, in latitude 53. 44*. Syl i a ° ke eDe S o = ' ALEXANDRINE Alexandrine Parrakeet, Gen. Syn. i. p. 234. N° 37.—Hafilg. Voy. p. 196. PARRAKEET. Engl. ed. ASSELQUIST obferves, that this bird is brought by the Ethiopians to Cairo for fale ; that it has a piercing fhrill note, and can eafily be taught to articulate; though not very diftinétly.. He adds, that its chief food confifts of the feeds of the /aflower +. 39- Malacca Rarrakeet, Gen. Syn.i. p. 241. N° 39, Var. C. Var. C. ME ; . Be Nn "THE name of this bird among the Chinefe appears to be Sing- PARRAKEET. fies as it was fo called in a painting which came under my infpection. 76. Scarlet Lory, Gen. Syx.i. p.270. N° 76. Ba. Var. B. eft ; SCARLET ird is known in China by the name of Ty-pawne Tae "TT HIs bird i i y Ip 103. Crimfon-winged Parrot, Gen. Syz.i. p. 299. N° 103. CRIMGON- g en. Syn.i. P. 299 3 Me ere aEs ‘OME fpecimens of this bird meafure thirteen inches in. length. Teele 2 Ar&. Zocl. ii. ps 244. t Carthamus tin&orius, Liz. The P A R*R’O°T: 6¥ The female differs from the ma/e, in having a green back, and = Femate. the wing coverts green, except a few of the greater ones, which : are fcarlet. Inhabits New South Wales.—Mr. Pennant. — a Piace, - | PENNANTIAN LENST H fifteen inches. Head, lower part of the back, and P. all the under parts of the body, fcarlet: chin of arich blue: Description. upper part of the back, and fcapulars, deep brown, or black, edged with fearlet: leffer coverts pale blueifh green: ends and interior fides of the quills dufky, marked on the inner webs with a fingle white fpot: fides deep blue: tail very long, the middle feathers dufky ; the exterior and upper part of the interior fides blue; the other parts of a fine green; tips of the exterior fea- thers white. eae Inhabits New South Wales: communicated ‘by Mr. Penvant. Prace.: This varies in having the crown of a blood-colour: -back: and Ba? belly green: thighs and vent red. Lev. Mus. i Gala» ~~ BUFF:FRONT- ENGTAH ten inches: fize of a Lark in the body. Bill dufky: ED the forehead is buff-colour : crown of the head blue, which Dee ee blends itfelf with the green at the back part of the head: the 2M whole bird befides is green on the upper parts of the body; and yellowith green beneath: the quills are blue, with greenith edges = tail cuneiform, of the fame green with the upper parts: legs dufky red. Y SAG The 62 136. DUBIOUS P. DescripTion. PARE REO. T; The above was for fome time alive in the pofeffion of Lady. Read: now in good prefervation in the Leverian Mufeum. Na- tive place uncertain. . Br. Mu. ENGTH nine inches. Bill and legs pale horn-colour; from the bafe to the eye, and round the laft, bare, and of the fame colour: head and chin green: the whole neck pale rufous: up- per parts of the body and wings green; under parts the fame, but paler: the outer edge of the baftard wing, and quills, blue: tail cuneiform, but fhort, the colour a yellowith green; the four middle feathers blue at the ends, where they are pointed in fhape; the four outer ones on each fide tipped with brown. Native place uncertain. aay: ORANGE-BEL- LIED PARRA- KEET. DiscRiPTion. 138. PEREGRINE PARRAKEET, Descriprion. ENGTH feven inches and a half; breadth twelve. Bill yellowifh green: head, breaft, upper part of the body, and leffer wing coverts, dull green; greater coverts rich blue on the exterior fides ; the interior dufky, marked with a white fpot : lower belly orange: tail green; ends of the four outmoft feathers fine yellow: legs greenifh, ; Native place uncertain. Communicated by Mr. Pennant. — IZE rather bigger than the Guinea Parrakect: length eight inches. Bill red: general colour of the plumage green, be- neath inclining to yellow: the middle of the wing coverts pale 10 ; brown, a v5el Yo womMsAon 349 ni dvife omit oanet toh) enw aoc <5 A aR eeties tant me npUE Piss hodg ni eo .7 ties mpm Pe CRP L Sy oat ooo: BD | elng erage, iileg > oa hy ; é * 0 \ y sive i} TEP cs ere ATS é ueeidelae: Fa res i ; eM Pl. CX. Bp A we HR OCT. brown, appearing as a broad band down the wing: tail fhort, cuneiform: legs of a pale red. I met with this at the late Mr. Boddam’s, and it was faid to have been brought from the South Seas. ** WITEL TALLS EVEN A@ EERE END, ‘HE Great Variety of the Cockatoo with a yellow creft, was feen in vaft flocks in New South Wales, making an horrible noife. The Cockatoo is found in Sumatra, and called there Kaykay. The name of the Lefer White Cockatoo, in China, is Ying-Mew. IZE of the Red and Blue Maccaw: lenseh twenty-two inches. Bill very large, of a horn-colour, with a black tip: general colour of the plumage black: the feathers of the head pretty long, but in a quiefcent ftate lie flat on the head; on each, juft at ie tip, is a fpot of pale buff-colour : the wing coverts are alfo mark- ed in the fame manner near the tips: the feathers of the upper part of the breaft and vent are margined with buff; the lower part of the breaft and the belly barred with darker and lighter buff-colour: the. tail is pretty long, and a little rounded at the end; the two middle feathers are black; the others the fame at the bafe andends ; the middle of them, for about one third, of a fine deep crimfon, inclining to orange, croffed with five or fix bars of black, about one third of an inch in breadth, and fomewhat ir- regular, efpecially the outer ones, in which the bars are broken and mottled : legs black. Inhabits 63 PLACE. 139. BANKIAN COCKATOO. Pre Chix: DESCRIPTION. 64 PLACE. 140. EASTERN PAR- ROT. DESCRIPTION. PLace. IAI, GRISLED PAR- ROT. DescCRIPTION. Prace, 142. BLUE-CHEEK-~ ED PARROT. -DESCRIPTION, BA) Re REO: Ts} Inhabits New Holland. In the collection of Sir Yofeph Banks, who brought it with him from thence into Exgland, on his return from his voyage round the world. It moft certainly differs from the Ceylonefe Black Cockatoo; but is probably the fame with that mentioned by Mr. Parkix/ox, in his voyage *. IZE of the Amazon's Parrot. Billred; tip yellow: general co- lour of the plumage green: ridge of the wing and prime quills pale blue: towards the end of the tail black and blue, the tip yellow: legs yellow. Inhabits India.—Lady Impey. La grande Perruche dela Chine, Sox, Voy. [ed vol. ii. pr 212. HIS is a trifle fmaller than the Amazon's Parrot. The bill is as large as the head, and red: irides blueifh: the head and breaft are of a pale greenifh grey : hind part of the neck, back, wings, and tail, grafs green: the leffer wing coverts yellow: legs grey. Inhabits China. ENGT H eleven inches and a half. Bill and crown of the head ftraw-colour: cheeks fine light blue: upper part of the back black, ftreaked with yellow ; the lower, pale yellow: fcapu- Jars black: wing coverts and quills rich deep blue, tinged with * P. 144. green : FH AO Ri Ri QO) T! green: breaft and belly green: vent red: exterior feathers of the tail blue, tinged with, and marked near the fhafts with rows of {mall dark fpots ; the middle ones of a duller green: legs dufky. _ Communicated by Mr. Pennant. Native place uncertain. ILL yellow: crown of the head, part of the neck, breaft, back, thighs, and vent, of a fine mazarine blue: nape fcarlet, bounded below with blue: forehead, chin, throat, breaft, middle of the belly, coverts of the wings, {carlet; a black bar croffes the coverts; the reft of the wings, and tail, black; the laft even au the end: legs black. Inhabits Cochin-China.—Lady Jmpey. HE bill inthis bird is dufky : fore part of the head crimfon; back part of it, and nape, dufky; reft of the neck green, marked with yellow ftreaks: belly the fame, but paler: wings and tail green: thighs red: legs afh-colour. Inhabits Batavia,—Lady Impey. IZE of a Starling. The bill and legs yellowith; the tip of the firft reddifh: irides fulvous: the hind part of the neck, back, wings, and tail, a moft brilliant green: top of the head, part of the belly and fides, and thighs, purplith blue: the reft of the head, and fore part of the neck, crimfon: the breaft and up- per part of the belly red and fulvous mixed: tail fhort, very little rounded at the end, SuPPL. K This 65 143. COCHIN-CHI- NA P. DeEscriPTION. Piace. I44. AMBER P. DeEscrRIPTION. Piace. ~ 145e SOLITARY PARROT. DeEscrIPTION. 66 —~PLACE. 146. BLUE-RUMPED PARRAKEET. DescriIPTION. PLACE. 147. RED-NAPED PARRAKEET. DESCRIPTION. Bical ROT Ry Oe Te an This inhabits the ifland of Feejee, in the Pacific Ocean, from whence it is brought into Tongo-taboo and Otabeite, for the fake of the red and yellow feathers in the plumage. It is alfo now and then feen alive and tame in Tongo-taboo*. Its manners are foli- tary++. This bird, from the defcription, appears not unlike the Blue-crefted Parrot {; but as the above is greatly fuperior in fize, and has an even tail, I rather fuppofe it to be a diftinét fpecies. Le petit Perruche de Malacca, Son, Voy. Ind. ii. p. 212. IZE of the common Parrakeet. Bill violet grey: irides red : forehead blue: head, neck, and upper part of the breaft, crafs~ green: lower part of the breaft and belly yellowifh green: rump blue: wing coverts pale green; fecond quills deep green; prime quills blue on the outer webs as far as the middle; the reft of a deep green: under wing coverts crimfon: tail deep green, yel- lowifh beneath: legs brown. Inhabits Malacca. IZE fmall. General colour of the plumage green: on the forehead over the eye crimfon: at the back part of the head a crefcent of the fame: the throat, fore part of the neck, and breaft,. are alfo crimfon: tail plain green. I defcribed this from the drawings of Colonel Davies, but know not from whence it came. * At Otaheite and the Friezdly ifles, Parrots in general are called Kakaa ; and: the Parrakeets, Hainga.—-Cook, Laft Voy. App. ase + Mr. duderfon’s MS. _ J Sya. i. Pp. 254. ‘ Heh GENUS Cape zgcd Genus eV Le iT OU. A Ne 16. Smooth-billed T. Piperine Toucan, Gen. Syz. i. p. 334. N° ite Variety of the female of this fpecies has lately come under my infpection. The bill horn-colour, with a bar of black near the end, and two others near the edge; the ridge is alfo black: the head, neck, and under parts of the body, of a fine deep cinnamon-colour: on the ear a fpot of yellow, and between the legs the fame colour: the back, wings, and tail, green; the laft rounded, and tipped with brown: vent crimfon. The yellow crefcent at the back of the neck wholly wanting. I met with this bird in the collection of Sir Fo/eph Banks, who informed me that it came from Rio Janeiro. Lev. Mu. SIZE of the Green Toucan: length twelve inches. Bill an inch and three quarters long, and one thick at the bafe; the upper mandible yellowifh brown, the lower black; the edges not fer- rated, but perfectly fmooth ; noftrils not covered with feathers : eyes placed in a bare fkin: the head and neck are chefnut, the top of the head darkeft: upper parts of the body dark green; rump crimfon: lower part of the neck, the breaft, and belly, of a pale greenifh yellow: thighs green; infide of the thighs dufky : legs brown. : K 2 Two Ile PIPERINE T. FEMALE. Place. 16; SMOOTH-BIL- TEDDY OS DEsCRIPTION. 68 PLACE. T O71 UerCr AN, Two of thefe were brought from Cayenne, one of which is now in the Leverian collection, It bears much refemblance to the fe- - male of the Green Toucan, and might be placed as a variety of that bird, did not the total want of ferratures, as well as fize of the bill, forbid the fuppofition. Grenus { 69 ]j Genus VIL HORNBILE. N° 13. Gingi H. N° 15. Grey H. 14. NewHolland H. 16. Green-winged H. Rhinoceros Hornbill, Gen. Sy. i. p. 342. Nor. HIS fpecies is not uncommon at Swmatra, where a full-grown one meatures full four feet in length from the point of the bill to that of the tail: extent of wing four feet fix inches: the bill in length ten inches and a half; in depth, including the horn, fix inches and a half: length of the neck one foot: the beak whitifh ; the horn yellow and red: irides red: the body black : tail white, ringed with black : rump, and feathers on the thighs, down to the heels, white. —Mr. Mar/den likewife obferves, that in an HenChick the irides were whitifh, and there was no appearance of a horn on the upper mandible. The food of this bird is not mentioned, but the fie of it is faid to be eaten with boiled rice, and is thought tender and good. The natives call it Exgang*. Pied Hornbill, Gen. Syx. i. p. 349. N° 6. Calao de la Cdte de Coromandel, Son. Voy. Ind. ii. p. 215. pl. 120%. TN this variety the billis white; on the upper part of the upper man- dible an appendage, extending from the bafe to the middle, the fhape of it oval, being rounded at both ends as well as the fides; the * Hift. Sumat, p.99- colour T. + RHINOCE- ROS H. 6. PIED H. WAS) 12. WREATHED H. HO Ri Me BLTO Lk. L. colour of it black, with a crefcent of white at the back part: irides red brown: between the bill and eye bare and black: under the throat, from eye to eye, a bare white fpace: the head, neck, and upper parts of the body, are black: on the coverts two white fea- thers: the fecond quills black, the end half white; greater quills black : two middle tail feathers black at the bafe, and white the reft of their length; the others entirely white: breaft, belly, thighs, and vent, white: legs black. This feems to differ both from my former defcription and that of Buffon following it, though I efteem them the fame: but the variation of the tail feathersis fingular. I have likewife obferved a further variety, in the mufeum of the late Mr. Boddam, two feet fix inches in length, wherein the two middle tail feathers were black, and all the others white; the quills white only at the tips. Mr. Boddam’s bird came from Bengal, where it is called Cherry deani/b, or Bird of Knowledge. I have lately feen one of thefe among fome drawings from In- dia, wherein all the tail feathers were black, with the ends white ; and two large patches of white, the one larger than the other, at — the bafe of the under jaw. It is faid to feed on rice and fruits: hence called the Maffer of Rice. Wreathed Hornbill, Gez. Syz. i. p. 358. N° 12.—Damp. Voy. vol. iii. pt. 2. p: 165. pl. 3. AMPIER met with this bird at the ifland of Ceram and New Guinea, and defcribes it nearly in the following words: “‘ One “© of my mafter’s mates killed two fowls as big as Crows, of a “‘ black colour, excepting that the tails were all white: their SCONECKS Wa BE Wiebe et, -E ** necks were pretty long, one of which was of a faffron-colour, “¢ the other black : they had very large bills, much like a ram’s * horn: their legs were ftrong and fhort, and their claws like a ‘© pigeon’s: their wings of an ordinary length; yet they make a *¢ creat noife when they fly, which they do heavily. They feed “on berries, and perch on the higheft trees. Their flefh is “< fweet.” In a defcription of the fame, with which I was favoured by Mr. Pennant, I find that the colour of the bill is yellowifh, with a black fpot at the bafe of the lower mandible: beyond the eye a naked blueifh fkin: crown black: head, neck, back, and coverts of the wings, dark grey, clouded with black: primaries black, their ends white: tail black, outmoft feather on each fide white on the upper half: legs ftrong, fhort, and blueith. This was met with in the ifland of Cey/on, and fuppofed to be a young bird. I have met with the feoments of the appendage of the bill, from four to feven in number, in different fpecimens, which may lead one to think that the number increafes with the age of the bird. Dampier does not fay the number on the bill in his figure, but I think feven may be counted; and if fo, perhaps it was an adult bird. That defcribed by Mr. Pennant had only five fegments. Calao de Gingi, Son. Voy, Ind. ui. p. 214. pl. 122. ENGTH twofeet. The bill long and bent; on the top,'as common in this genus, an appendage which points forward, and is fharp at the end, appearing not unlike a fmaller bill placed on the top of a larger ; edges of the mandibles jagged ; the colour 8 of PLACE. 13. GINGI H. DESCRIPTION. 72 PLACE. 14. NEW HOL- LAND H. DESCRIPTION. PLACE. 15. GREY H. DEscRIPTION. He OR NB Ts ae of the bill black; towards the point white: the head, neck, back, and wings, are dirty grey: from the gape of the bill a broad band of black paffes beneath the eye and a little beyond it: the breaft and belly are white; the quills black: the tail eleven inches long, and cuneiform in fhape ; ; the two middle feathers are dirty rufous grey, with a band of black at the end; the others black for three quarters of their length, then brown, and finally terminated with white: the legs are black; the outer toe united to the middle as faras the third joint, and to the inner as far as the firft. Inhabits the coaft of Coromandel. IZE lefs than the Fay. Bill convex, carinated, very gibbous at the bafe, and covered with a naked fkin; noftrils {mall, pervious, placed one third from the bafe, about which are feveral fhort briftles : region of the eyes naked, wrinkled, cinereous: co- lour of the plumage in general dufky on the upper parts: fhafts of the wings and tail dufky above, white beneath: toes divided to their origin. Inhabits New Holland. The ends of the quills and tail had been clipped by a pair of fciffars, therefore it could not be afcer- tained whether thofe parts differed from the reft of the plumage.— Mr. Pennant. ILL yellow ; at the bafe a fpot of black, round which, and at -the corner of the eyes, are tufts of hairs: behind the eye a naked blue fkin: on the upper part of the bill is a procefs which 10 : flopes WHO BROWN BAT OL, flopes on the fore part, is abrupt behind, and only reaches the forehead: the crown of the head is black; the reft of the head, neck, breaft, and back, grey: the wings part grey, part black ; the ends of the quills white: tail long; the middle feathers black ; the lower part of the fide ones the fame, the reft of the length white. ILL pale yellow ; on the top a prominence, which is abrupt at each end; the further half part yellow, part black; bafe of the lower mandible black ; near that a naked fpot of a blueifh white: beneath the eye a tuft of black hairs: plumage of the head, neck, back, wings, and tail, black; wings gloffed with green: the outmoft feathers of the tail, and upper part of the quills, and belly, white: legs blueifh. The native place of this and the laft not certain.—Mr. Pen- nant. From the infpection of feveral individuals of the Hornbill ge- nus, as well as the drawings of others, I have much reafon to fup- pofe, that they not only vary among one another in the adult ftate, but more particularly fo at various periods of age; from. 73 16. : GREEN-WING- ED H. DESCRIPTION, which we may conclude, that feveral of the above-mentioned are _ of the fame fpecies, though defcribed as diftin&t; a circumftance only to be determined hereafter, by fuch obfervant naturalifts as may chance to refide where thefe birds frequent. Supp, L GENUS Ie a RAVEN.. [74] Genus XII C R oO W.. N° 42. White-eared Jay. N° 44. Macao Crs 43. Purple-headed Crow. 45. Rufous Cr. Raven, Gez. Syn. ip. 367. N° 1.—=4r&.. Zool. N°-134. Corvus Corax, Brun. N° 27.—Georgi Reife, p..164.—Faun. Arag. p. 723. ‘HIE Raven is found every where in Ruffa and Sibiria, except within the aréic circle; alfo in Kamt/chatka, and in the ad- jacent iflands. It has been noticed before as an American {pecies 3. known at Hud/on’s Bay by the name of Kakakew. It lays from: three to five greenifh_ eggs, and the young fly in Fuly. The na- tives thereabouts deteft this bird*; yet among the American fa- vages it is held as an emblem of return of health: hence their magicians, when they vifit the fick, invoke the Raven, and mimic its voice-+. Our circumnavigators met with it in the Sandwich Mlands, two being feen in the village of Kakooe, and alfo at Owhybee; and fuppofed to be adored there, as they were called Eatoast. It may be taught to fpeak like a Parroz, and even to Jing, if we may credit the account of alate author |. * Mr. Hutchins. + Ar&. Zool, t Cook's Laft Voy, iii. ps 161.— Ell, Narr, ii. 142. || «© The moft extraordinary of all is, that he can be taught to fing like a s* man. I have heard a Raven fing the Black Foke with great diktinétnefs, truth,. ** and humour!’ See Gold/mith’s Animated Nature, vol.v. p.226. 3 South- j < RO wW. South-Sea Raven, Gen. Syx. i, po. 369. N° 2: Br, Mu/. NE of thefe is in the Britis Mufeum. The bill is ridged and arched on the top of the upper mandible, greatly fimilar to that of the 4, but not fharp-edged: the general colour of the plumage black; but the whole of the hind part of the neck in this. {pecimen is white, coming forwards, and making almoft a crefcent on the fore part. Whether this bird is an accidental variety or not, can fcarce be determined; or whether the effect of the adult ftate: perhaps the laft, as the bill is fo confiderably larger than in that defcribed before. I obferve alfo, that in the prefent one the legs are remarkably {caly and rough, and the claws large; a ftrong prefumption of its being an old bird. Carrion Crow, Gen. Syn. 1. p. 370. N°3.— 4rd. Zool. N° 135. Corvus Corone, Brun. N° 29.—Muller, N° 87.—Georgi Reife, p. 165.<= Faun. Arag. Pp. 72 HIS fpecies is common in many parts of the old continent, but fearce in Rufia ; only in the northern parts: grows more common in Szbiria, efpecially beyond the Lena, where the Hooded Crow is not feen: about the Lake Baikal pretty common; but moit of all plentiful about 4frachan, where, in company with others of the genus, they do immenfe damage to the vineyards, fo as to oblige the owners to hire perfons to drive them off with clappers, &c. * + extends alfo to China, as I have feenit in draw- * Dec. Ruf. ii. p. 143. L, 2 ings 75 2. SOUTH-SEA RAVEN. VARIETY. - 3. + CARRION CROW. ge Ae. t-ROOK,. c RF OW. ings brought from thence. In the north of America, about Hud= fon’s Bay, called Habafeu : obferved to be moft plenty inland, fel- dom appearing on the coafts*. Our voyagers met with both: Crows and Ravens at Nootka Sound +t, where the firft is called: Kaenne, or Koenai ts A Crew like our Carrion Crow was obferved at Botany Bay, in. New Holland ||. This fpecies is not found in Ireland §. Rook, Gen. Sy. i. p. 372: N°'4.—4r@, Zool. ii. p. 250. As J HIS ufeful fpecies feems much more confined than the laf, Itis not mentioned, by either Brunnich or Muller, as inhabiting Denmark, nor in. the lift of Georgi, as frequenting the Lake Baikal. It is however faid to be met with about 4frachan |: is not un- common in Ruffa, and the weftern part of Sidiria, particularly in the-more fouthern-latitudes.. Ido not find it any. where. men-- tioned as an American fpecies. This and the Craw by common obfervers are not eafily diftin- guifhed: but in the common Crow the upper mandible is much ‘larger, fharper, and more curved, and reaches farther over the un- der one than in the Rook, in which the point appears blunt, and {carcely projects over the inferior **. The bill is obferved to be weaker in the Rook than in the Crow, and of not fo deep a black: the ends of the tail feathers in the Roof are broad and rounded, but thofe of. the Crow are acute}}. Like the Raven and Crow, * Mr. Autchins. + Ellis Nar. ii. p.143. t Cook’s Laft Voy. App. I) 4r&@. Zool, § Mr. Fack/on. q Dec, Ruf. ii. p.143. ** Mr. Lunftall. +t Ar. Zool. this. € Re On Ws this {pecies is fometimes found of a pure white. Mr. Tun/tall has one of thefe in his colle€tion, in which the bill was white alfo. I have feen others black and white, and one quite brown, the co- lour of a Fay. Hooded Crow, Gen. Syx. i. p. 374. N° 5,—4r&. Zool. ii. p. 251. Be Corvus cornix, Brun. N° 30.—Muller, N° 88.—Georg: Reife, p. 165. HIS bird is very common throughout Rufia and Sibiria, but not beyond the Lena, Migrates to Woronefch, and pafies the winter there: grows very large beyond the O24, and often varies te intenfe blacknefs *. Found, with feveral others of this genus, at 4/eppo +, and com- mon about the Lake Baikal; and moft likely extends to, other parts of A/a, as 1 have been informed that in fome parts of India they are common, and fo bold as to {natch the food from the difhes while the fervants are carrying them acrofs the court-yards, ex- cept they are kept off by beating a | It is faid that the culture of the cinnamon-tree, in Ceylon; 1s ow= ing to Crows, but what fpecies isuncertain. They are faid to eat the quick-tafted, and red fruit of this tree, and with the fruit to fwallow the kernels, and fcatter them every where about with their excrements. On this account, none dares-to fhoot a Crow, . under a fevere penalty |[:. ! * Ar&. Zool. + Ruf. Alep. p. 69. , t Mr. Pennant. || Life and Adventures of F. Chriftian Wolf.—This circumftance is attributed to the White Nutmeg Pigeon. See vol. iv. p. 638. Note *. Jackdaws - Té «HOODED. GROW. 48 9: +#-JACKDAW. 12. PHILIPPINE CROW. 13. NEW GUINEA CROW. Var, DESCRIPTION. oR OW; Jackdaw, Gen. Syn. i. p. 378. N° 9.—Aré. Zool. ii. p. 251. Co Corvus monedula, Bruz. N° 32.—Muller, N° 89.—Georgi Reife, p. 165. HIS is common all over Rufia and the wet of Sibiria: is migtatory, remaining in winter only in the fouthern part of Rufia. A few feen beyond Lake Baikal. Is apt to vary, like many of the Crow fpecies. Philippine Crow, Gen. Syz. i. p. 381. N° 12. IN the collection of Sir Fofeph Banks is a variety which has the breaft, and the infide of the ridge of the wing, near the fhoul- der, clouded with white. I alfo obferved a fecond variety among the drawings of Lady Impey, in which the belly is flate-coloured. New Guinea Crow, Gen. Syn. i. p. 381. N° 13- ONE greatly fimilar to this fpecies has lately been defcribed to me. Length thirteen inches; body ftout. Bill dufky, a few briftles covering the bafe: irides reddifh: head and neck blueifh ath-colour: the upper parts of the body and wings the fame, but darker: the eye placed in a large bed of black, lengthening into a point at the back part: breaft, belly, and vent, pale ferruginous :- quills and tail dufky; the laft pretty long, and rounded at the end : the legs red brown, very fcaly and rough. Native place uncertain. Bare- GR Or We Bare-necked Crow, Gen. Syx. i. p. 382. N15. ENGTH fifteen inches. Bill yellowifh ; tip black; noftrils broad, expofed, without any reflected briftles: the outmoft guills black; the reft of the prime quills black within, but with- out obliquely grey to near the tips: wing coverts and fecond quills pale grey : tail fix inches long, even at the end: legs dufky yellow. The above in the mufeum of the late Dr. Hunter. It does not clearly belong tothe Crow genus; perhaps might with more pro- priety be placed with the Grakles. As I had the opportunity of examining it before it was put into attitude, I obferved that the hind toe was placed more inward than in many other birds, but no membrane between that and the inner toe; nor in my opinion had nature ever intended it to be ufed forwards, as Buffon feems to. think. Jay, Gen. Syx. i. p. 334. N° 19.—Aré. Zool. ii. p. 252. E. Corvus glandarius, Brun. N° 33.—Muller, N° 90.—Georgi Reife, p. 165.— Faun. Arag.—Sepp. Vogel. pl. in p. 1.. - HIS fpecies is common in the woods both of Rufia and Sidi- ~via, but none beyond the Lexa*; Georgi mentions it as fre- quenting the Lake Baikal, and Ruffel records it as an Aleppo {pe- cies}+. I have a fufpicion alfo that it extends to China, as it is to be feen in the drawings of birds from that country. Itis called by the name of Fay about Arragon, in Spain, as in * ArF.Zool. + Hip, Alep, p: 69; England, 79 15. BARE-NECKED. CROW. ao JAY. go 22. ‘CAYENNE JAY. 24, RED-BILLED JAY. « 29. -t- MAGPIE. C’ RO W. England. In the laft it is not efteemed as food; but in the firft it is expofed in the markets for fale along with other birds* — Te is alfo eaten in Sweden +. Cayenne Jay, Gen. Syn. i. p. 388. N° 22. ETWEEN that figured by Briffon, and one in the Leverian Mufeum, 1 obferve a finall difference. In Briffon’s figure of it, the white goes round in the fhape of a crefcent. Inthe Leve- rian fpecimen, the whole front to behind the eyes is black, only a {mall perpendicular dafh of white under the ear. Red-billed Jay, Gen. Syn. i. p. 390. N® 24. KNOwn in China by the name of Shan-naw-. Magpie, Gen, Syn. i. p. 392. N° 29.— Ar&. Zool. ii. N° 136. Corvus Pica, Brun. N° 32.—Muller, N° 92.—Georgi Reif, p. 165.-—Faun. _ Arag. p.72.—Sepp. Vog. pl. in p. 3. Find this bird to extend much farther on the continent than I once fuppofed. It is mentioned by Rufel as common at Alep- pots in Georgi’s lift of birds frequenting the Lake Baikal, and from thence to Chira. 1 had long fufpected the laft circumftance, from feeing it, among others, in Chinefe drawings; but the mat- ter is now beyond doubt, having lately met with one of thefe birds, brought from China, in the collection of Sir Fofepb Banks. It is Somewhat fmaller than that ufually feen in England. ® Faun. Arage + Mr, Swederus. j Hift. Alep. p. 69. I find CY RY-OW.W; I find by Mr. Hutchins, that in fome part of Hud/on's Bay it goes by the name of She pecum nemewilck. It is not unfrequent at all feafons in the interior parts, but feldom met with near the fettle~ ments. ~He obferved, that one being_caught in a Martin trap at York Fort, was thought a rarity, fuch a circumftance not having happened for twenty years before. Surinam Crow, Gen. Syn. i. p. 397. N° 35. Corvus arpyropthalmus, Jacq. Vog. N° 1. HIS is faid to be of the fize of a Fay. General colour of the plumage black : irides filver white: above and beneath the eye a fpot of blue: breaft and outer part of the wing the colour of Pruffian blue: tip of the tail white: bill and legs black. This inhabits Carthagena, in New Spain, and is called Oz/eau de Plata. It has amonotonous voice, frequents woods, and, being eafily tamed, is often kept in houfes. Short-tailed Crow, Gen. Sy. i. p. 398. N° 37- La Brevede Malacca, Som. Voy. Ind. il. p. 190 pl. 110. HIS varies from thofe before defcribed, chiefly in having the head and back part of the neck black: a greenifh ftreak over the eye, bounded beneath with blue: chin white: fore part of the neck and back green: belly rufous: vent red. , Inhabits Malacca. ; SupPL, M La Sr 35° SURINAM CROW. DeEscrIPTION, Puace anp Man- -NERS-. 37° SHORT-TAIL- ' ED CROW. Var.D. Deserirrion. PLACE. 82 CRO W. La Breve de la Céte de Malabar, Son. Vay. Indsii. p. 191. Vin E, DESCRIPTION. HIS variety differs principally in having the whole of the head and neck black: down the crown paffes a longitudinal rufous ftripe: chin white: breaft pale rufous: belly, thighs, and vent, red. Pace. Inhabits the coaft of Malabar. , 37 AMeO NG the drawings of the late Dr. Fothergill I find a further aR. F, : - variety. Crown rufty brown: through the eye and round the ses head a ftreak of black; under this a collar of white: the upper parts of the body green; the under white: on the middle of the belly a fpot of red: vent crimfon: quills black: tail green, tip- ped with black: legs pale red, Pracz. Inhabits China. 8. 2. Syn. i. p. 400. N° 38.—=—4r&. Zool. ii. p.z52. D. NUTCRACKER. eee oe Bee i. gI pe ae p- 165. HIS is met with as high north as Sondmor; is common in the pine forefts of Ruffia and Sibiria, and all over Kamt/chatka, Muller mentions two varieties; the one rufous, the other fpotted black and white. i REDLEG. Red-legged Crow, Gen. Syn. i. p. 401. N° 39. GED CROW. Corvus graculus var. Faun. drag. p.75. HIS is common about all high rocks of the fouthern lati- tudes of Sidiria; alfo about mount Cauca/us and thofe of Perfia. CF ROO W3 83 Perfia. The bill and legs in thofe parts are found to be black in young birds*. The eggs are larger than thofe of a Fackdaw, of a cinereous white, marked with irregular dufky blotches f. Le petit Geay de la Chine, Sox. Voy. Ind. iis p. 188. : 42. Lev. Muf. WHITE-EARED JAY. IZE. of the Blue Fay: length eleven inches. Bill black, an Descrirrron. inch long, fcarcely curved, end blunt, the ridge of the upper mandible fharp-edged : irides rufous yellow: the feathers round the bafe of the bill, the throat, and fore part of the neck, are black : the top of the head blueifh afh-colour, the feathers long enough to form acreft : between the black and afh-colour on the forehead are a few white feathers: on the ears a large patch of white: the colour of the body, wing coverts, and tail, brownifh afh-colour: the quills blackifh, edged with grey: tail four inches long, a trifle rounded in fhape, and rather curves downward : legs long, of a pale brown: hind claw large, and much incurvated. Inhabits China. Common at Canton. Seen in flocks in Dean’s Pract. Tland, Wampoo River, picking up food on the mud of the fhore. 43. ; PURPLE- ILL lead-colour; noftrils covered with reflected feathers: HEADED CR. upper parts of the body pale rufous, beneath yellow, the head Descrirrion. inclining to purple: quills and tail black; the laft pretty long: legs flefh-colour. Suppofed to inhabit Chiza. 1 found this among the drawings Puace. of the late Dr. Fothergill. * Mr. Pennant, + Portland Mufeum. M 2 La 84 44. MACAO CR. DyscRIPTION. PLaAce. 45. RUFOUS CR. DEscRIPTION. PLacs. Cc RO W. La Pie de Macao, Son. Voy. Ind. ii. p. 187. HIS is one third lefs than our Magpie. Bill and forehead black: irides yellowifh: top of the head cinereous grey : ‘ neck and breaft dirty grey : belly and thighs the fame, but paler: back, and wing coverts, rufous: rump cinereous grey: vent ru- fous: fecond quills greenifh black; prime ones black; on the firft two white fpots, one of them within, the other without: tail and legs black. Inhabits the ifland of Macao, in China. La Pie rouffe de la Chine, Sov. Voy. Ind. ii. p. 186. pl. 106. IZE of a Blackbird. Bill black: irides rufous yellow: head and neck brown, the laft paleft: breaft and belly rufous white: back and rump yellowifh, inclining to rufous: leffer wing coverts dirty rufous; the others pale grey: fecond quills grey without and brown within; the prime ones brownifh black : tail cuneiform, grey ; the two middle feathers brown at the ends; the others grey as far as the middle; the reft of the length brown, with white tips: legs black. Inhabits China. GENUS “[ 85 1] Grnwus NIT (RAO ei Law R: N°17. Black R. N° 20. Grey-tailed R. 18. African R. ar. Fairy R. 19. Black-headed R.. Garrulous Roller, Ge. Syz.i. p. 406. N° 1.—4r&. Zool. ii. p. 253. G. Te Ceracias garrula, Brun. N° 35.—Muller, N° 94. +GARRULOUS ROLLER. HIS is met with in Raffa; but only from the fouthern parts to the neighbourhood of the Irti/a*: builds in the holes of old oaks, about Woronefch. Screams without ceafing. It is ob- ferved never to be feen-on the ground}. The dirch-tree, how- ever, feems to be its favourite habitation, and in which it moft frequently builds the neft, laying as far as five eggs, of a clear - green, fprinkled with innumerable dark fpecks. Br. Muf. 17. BLACK R. ENGTH fixteen inches. Bill broad and ftout, and alittle p,.carppton. curved at the tip: noftrils fmall, placed on the fore partofa Jong depreffion at the bafe, covered by a membrane: at the bafe a of the bill a few flight briftles: general colour of the plumage black : tail feven inches in length: legs black. I met with the above preferved in fpirits inthe Brity Mu/eum. Native place uncertain. e * 4r, Zool. + Dec, Ruff. i. p. x08. a Br, 18, AFRICAN R. DescriPTion. PLact, Hoste BLACK-HEAD- ED R. DEscCRIPTION. = sPLACEs 20. GREY-TAILED R. DESCRIPTION. PLACE: R O.(LOLGE R. Br. Muf. | ENGTH eight inches anda half. Bill very ftout, and bent at the tip; the colour yellow: plumage on the upper parts pale cinnamon 3 beneath, fine pale reddifh lilac: vent, and under the tail, pale blue green: quills of a deep blue; the margins of the inner webs, and the tips, black :. tail blackifh blue; the ends of the two middle feathers black, the others pale blue green, tip- ped with black: leas brown. The above isin fine prefervation in the Briti/b Mufeum, and was brought from Africa. It feems a very ftout bird, in refpe& to its length. SIZE of a fay. Bill red: head and neck black; but the hind head is greyifh: the upper part of the body is blueifh purple; the under, white: quills brown: the two middle tail feathers blue, and the reft purplifh; all of them tipped with white: legs red. Suppofed to inhabit Chiza, as I met with it among fome fine drawings from that country. IZE of a Yay: length feventeen inches. Bill black: head and neck the fame: back, and part of the wing.coverts, tawny brown; the reftof the coverts, and fecondaries, white: greater quills black: breaft and belly afh-colour: tail very long, cuneiform ; colour of it pale grey, with the end black: legs afh-colour. Inhabits Jzdia.—From the drawings of Lady Jmpey, in which it is called the Vagabond. 10 SEA E RO. LE R. IZE of a Fackdaw. Bill ftout, curved at the point, and fur-: nifhed with hairs on the bafe ; colour black: the hind part of the head, the nape, and middle of the neck, blue: batk, leffer wing coverts, rump, and vent, the fame; the colour very {plen- did: the reft of the wing black, marked with three fmall blue fpots: the fides and front of the neck, the breaft, and belly, black: tail dull blue: legs black. Inhabits Jydia, where it is known by the name of the Blue Fairy Bird.—From the drawings of Lady Impey. GENUS 87 46. FAIRY R. DeEscRIPTiIoN. PLace. 4. WHITE-HEAD- ED O. Var. DESCRIPTION. PLacs, [ 88 J Guus XIV. ORT O°b & N° 46. Yellow-throated O. N° 47. Rutty O. White-headed Oriole, Gex. Syx. ii, p. 422. N° 4, J ENGTH nine inches-and a half; breadth thirteen and a half; weight an ounce and three quarters. The head white, except a fpot of black on the crown: neck and breaft gloffy black, {potted with white: leffer wing coverts the fame, but more faint : baftard wing fpotted white and black ; the outer quills white: the re{t of the bird brownifh black: legs pale flefh-colour. This was brought to Mr. Hutchins, while at Hudfon’s Bay, by the name of Wawpawchou Chuckithou, in the month of Fuly, 17813 faid to refort among other Blackéirds, but not common. I fufpect it to be a variety of my White-headed Oriole. Another fimilar to this is mentioned in the Aréic Zoology *, which was about an inch fhorter: head and throat white: ridge of the wing, firft primary, and thighs, the fame ; and a few oblong ftrokes of white on the breaft : the reft of the bird dufky, gloffed in parts with green. This likewife is moft probably a fecond va- riety of the White-headed Oriole, being found at Hud/on’s Bay. * Hudfonian White-headed Oriole —Ard, Zool, ii, p.269. Golden OF Ri [luge dE: Golden Oriole, Gex. Syx. ii. p. 449. N° 43. Oriolus galbula, Georgi Rei/e, p. 165.—Sepp. Vog. pl. in p. 39. INCE the firft publication of my Sywop/is, this bird has twice been fhot in Ezgland. One of the fpecimens is now in my collection. The Var. A. of this fpecies is common in India, where it is called Mango-dird, as it appears firft at the ripening of that fruit, and is at that feafon in great plenty *. Yellow-throated Oriole, 4¥@. Zool. ii. N° 150. ENGTH nine inches, breadth fifteen and a half. Bill dufky: over the eye a bright yellow ftroke: cheeks and throat the fame: the reft of the plumage tinged with green: fome of the wing coverts tipped with white: legs dufky. Shot at Hud/on’s Bay. Rufty Oriole, 4-2, Zool. ii, N° 156. ENGTH between feven and eight inches. Bill dufixy: head,- and hind part of the neck, of a blackifh purplifh hue; the edges of the feathers ruft-coloured: from the bill, over and be- neath the eyes, extends a black fpace, reaching to the hind part of the head: throat and under fide of the neck, the breaft, and back, black, edged with pale ruft: belly dufky : wings and tail black, gloffed with green. This appears, the latter end of Ooder, in New-York, and makes a very fhert ftay there, probably on its way foutherly from Hud- Jon's Bay, where it is alfo found. ® Lady fmpey. Suppt, N GENUS 39 43. + GOLDEN 0. 46. YELLOW- THROATED O. DEscRIPTION, PLACE. 47- RUSTY oO. DESCRIPTION. PLACE, 5 + MINOR GR. 6. PURPLE GR. Glo CRESTED GR. Genus XV. GRA KL E 12. Yellow-faced Gr. Minor Grakle, Gen. Syz. ii. p. 455. Nor. AM doubtful whether the Minor is a native of China, although we fee it fo frequently in Chine/e paintings, as I am informed, by a perfon who has been at Canton, that he purchafed feveral at Java, where they are common, and fold them to the Chinefe at the rate of five fhillings each, for the purpofe of keeping them in cages. In India it is called the Hil] Moina. Purple Grakle, Gen. Syz. ii. p. 462. N°6. N the Leverian Mufeum is a beautiful variety. ‘The bill is pale, with a dufky tip: the head white: back, fhoulders, and breaft, white, mottled with black: quills and tail black ; the laff cuneiform: fome of the outer feathers white juft at the tips. Crefted Grakle, Gen. Syn: ii. p. 464. N°7- I Believe this fpecies, as well as the Minor, is known by the name of Lefkoa, or Leuquoy; asi am informed by Mr. Tunjffall that he had one of thefe alive, which, among other words, often re- peated the word Lexquoy, and that the perfon he bought it of called it by that name. Mr. Mar/den, after mentioning that the J Minor,, Go Ri) AMS Ke LL 7 E. Minor, called Teeong, has the faculty of imitating the human fpeech in greater perfection than any of the feathered tribe, ob- ferves, that there are two forts of them, the J/ack and the yellow * : it fhould therefore feem that more than one or two birds pafs un- der the name of Leugquoy. In the neighbourhood of the Ganges the Crefted Grakle is no doubt plentiful; as, among fome drawings done in India, I find it named the Sarroo of the Ganges }. Dial Grakle, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 465. N° 8. HE Dial, called Moori, is faid to have a pretty, but fhort note ¢; and that it is ufed by the Achenefe for the purpofe of fighting, in the fame manner as the Cock ; but attacks in a different manner, frequently engaging one another on the wing, and drop’ to the ground in the ftrugele |. ILL compreffed ; noftrils ovated: region of the eyes fine yel- low, naked and wrinkled: head, neck, back, wings, and tail, black: wing coverts croffed with a white line: neck black: breaft, belly, and vent, white: legs yellow, and very fcaly. Inhabits New Holland.—Communicated by Mr. Pennant. * Hift. Sumat.p.go. | 4 Sir Elijah Inpey. t Hi. Sumat. The author obferves, that there is no bird on the ifland of Sumatra which fings. l| Za. p. 238». 1 N 2 GENUS gt 8. DIAL GR. 12, YELLOW- FACED GR. DESCRIPTION. PLACE, i 9. WHITE-WING- | , ED P.B. [ 92 J Gmnus XVI PARADISE BIRD. N° 9. White-winged P. B. ENGTH twenty-five inches or more. Bill one inch long, almoft ftrait, black ; the feathers on the chin nearly reach the end of the bill: the general colour of the plumage black: the back part of the neck gloffed with copper: quills white, with the outer edges black: the tail confifts of ten feathers; the two middle ones nineteen or twenty inches long; the fecond, fixteen inches; the third, twelve inches ; the fourth, nine; and the outer ones only feven. The wings, when clofed, reach about three inches on the tail. I met with the above in the collection of the late Mr. Boddam, of Bulls-Crofs. Yam in doubt whether the plumage had any va- riable luftre, as isthe cafe in fome others of the genus; for as the bird was unluckily fixed in an obfcure corner of the room, this. circumftance could not be determined. i GENUS [ 93 ] Genus SCVil; Cy UR Ur Coe i. N° 8. Blue-cheeked C. - N° g. Indian C. Fafciated Curucui, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 492. N°7. 5 Trogon Ceylonenfis, Bri/. Ora. vol. ii. p. 91. N°7. 8vo. edit. HIS bird, with very little variation, I find defcribed by Bri/- Jon, as above quoted; but the neck and breaft are afh-colour. Among the drawings of Mr. Middleton J find one which diifers in a much greater degree. Length in the drawing fourteen inches. Bill hooked, befet with many hairs at the bafe; colour of it, and the bare fpace round the eyes, blue: irides red: head, neck, and back, pale brownith clay-colour: wing coverts barred with fine lines of black and brown: quills reddifh chocolate- brown, fome of the outer edges white: tail greatly cuneiform ; the ends of fome of the feathers white, of others black, with half of the outer webs white: acrofs the breaft a white bar; from thence to the vent the belly is red: legs fhort, of a pale red. The fame bird is likewife figured among the drawings of Lady Impey. It fcarcely differs, except that the white band acrofs the breaft is very narrow. ENGTH nine inches. Forehead red, bounded by a white line: crown, and hind part of the neck, red, bounded below by a line of white, and on the fides by black: from each eye a natrow red line pointing upwards: throat blue, marked with a {pot iI 7° FASCIATED C. pais BLUE-CHEEK- ED C. DEsCRIPTION, 94 PLACE. 9. INDIAN C. DESCRIPTION» PLACE. CG 7U) Rew ae UT: fpot of red at the bottom: the reft of the body, wings, and tail, a rich green, except the quills, which are black: the legs green. Inhabits India.—Lady Impey. ILL blueith, very hooked: head and neck black, ftriped with white: from the corners of the mouth, juft beneath the cheeks, a whitith ftripe: back and wings dufky, marked with round rufty fpots: breaft and belly yellowifh white, barred with dufky: tail very long, cuneiform, croffed with narrow dufky: bars: legs afh-colour. : Inhabits India, Called Bungummi,—Lady Impey. @) 3 z Co w [ 95 ] Genus XVIII. B A R BE T. N° 18. Indian B. Spotted-bellied Barbet, Gez. Syz. il. p. 494. N° 1. N one fpecimen of this fpecies I obferved a flight trace of white beneath the eye. The name it goes by among the French, at Cayenne, is Agaubue de Terre. Grand Barbet, Gen. Syz, ii. p. 503. MONG the drawings of Lady Impey is a bird, which I fufpect - to be the female of this fpecies. The length ten inches. Bill reddifh brown, and ftout, with fix or eight briftles at the bafe ; the noftrils are alfo hairy: round the eye bare, and of a red- difh colour: general colour of the plumage a dull green: the breaft and belly pale whitifh green: quills black: tail fhort, green: legs of a pale yellow. Inhabits India, where it goes by the name of Honeft Face. Yellow-cheeked Barbet, Gen. Syz. ii. p. 506. N° rs. "TH IS inhabits Cey/oz and Batavia: called, by the Cingalefe, Kottorea. It perches on high trees, and cooes like a Zurt/e, but louder ; and it is from this noife that the natives have formed the name it is known by *. * Mr, Penzant, iG I. SPOTTED-BEL- LIED B. 10. GRAND B. PLACE. Nise YELLOW- CHEEKED B. 96 B A'(R¢B E:T, It is alfo a native of Judia, as 1 met with it among the drawings of Lady. Impey. 16. Doubtful Barbet, Gen. Syn. ii. p. go6. N°16, DOUBTFUL B. Br. Mu. VaR. N the Britifo Mufeum is a fine fpecimen of this bird, which dif- fers fomewhat from my former defcription. The bill is wholly of a pale yellowifh colour; the under mandible fmooth, without any tranfverfe channels: the crown has a mixture of crimfon fea- thers, which pafs behind each eye, and afterwards extend forwards to blend with the crimfon on the fore parts: the greater wing co- verts are tipped with crimfon, forming an oblique bar of the fame acrofs the wing: on the middle of the back is a patch of white, and a thick tuft of filky white feathers, fquare at the ends: all the under parts are red ; but the chin, juft under the bill, is black, and a {pot of the fame juft at the bafe of the under mandible: the general colour of the bird is blueifh black : the quills brown. PLACE. The above fpecimen came from Africa, but what part thereof uncertain. Tee Red-billed Crow, Gez. Syn. i. p. 403» WAX-BILLED Cayenne Black Cuckow, Idi. p. 543. E Le Coucou noir de Cayenne, Buf. Oi/, vi. p. 416.—P/. Enl. 512 Lev. Muf- T is but lately that a perfect fpecimen of this bird has come un~ der my infpection; from which I am clear that the above two are one and the fame with this Barbet. 1 haye only here to add, that BA Ree ir TF: that the toes are not quite divided to the bottom: at the bend of the wing, juft within, is placed a horn-coloured fpine, about one eighth of an inch long, and blunt at theend: the tail compofed of ten feathers, and the wings, when clofed, reach on it about an inch. IZE of the Bulfinch: length fix inches. Bill blue, hooked, befet with very long hairs at the bafe, exceeding the end of the bill: irides white: general colour of the plumage green: fore- head red: round the eye and chin yellow: the reft of the head black: the under part of the body white, ftreaked with green, paffing on each fide the neck in acrefcent, and bounding the yel- low chin: beneath this, it is red, and below it a fpot of yellow, except which, the reft of the under part is white: the quills are dark afh-colour: legs red. : This inhabits Judia, and is called Beffenbuddoo. ‘Taken from the drawings of Mr. Middleton. It feems greatly allied to the Red-crowned Barbet *, and is a beautiful fpecies. * Syn. Vol. ii. p. 505, _ Supp, O GENUS 97 18. INDIAN B. DeEscrRIPTION, PLACE. qT. 4- COMMON CUCKOW. Gruus XIX, C UC KO W. Ni 47. Grey-headed C. N° 48. Sonnerat’s C. Common Cuckow, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 509. N° 1.—4rd. Zool. ii. p. 266, A. Cuculus canorus, Bruz. N° 36.—Muller, N° 95.—Georgi Reife, p. 165.— Sepp Vog. pl.in p. 117.—Faun. Arag. p. 73. if AM informed, by an accurate obferver of Exgli/h birds, and their manners *, that the time of the Cuckow’s coming is almoft to a certainty on the tenth or twelfth of 4prz/, and that the males ar- rive firft. In the ftomach of thefe he has more than once ob- ferved feveral of the caterpillars of the Fox Moth +, which is large, and no doubt a delicate morfel. Of the birds of the firft year, fcarce two feem alike: in fome the bars are doubly more numerous than in ethers; and in one I obferved this year, fent to me by Mr. Boys, of Sandwich, the eround-colour was of a brownifh blue. I have alfo been inform- ed, that now and then a bird has been met with, at the very firft coming in fpring, in which the ferruginous ground-colour of the plumage was yet manifeft on the upper parts of the body. The egg figured by Sepp is certainly not that of the Cuckow, being in fhape firailar to that of a Hawk = it is very like the Fack- daw’s in fize and fhape, of a greenifh white, fpeckled with brown; whereas the true Cuckow’s egg is not much bigger than that of a * Mr. Green, of Lambeth. + Phalene Rubi—Lin, 2: Hedge CF) Ey KO; WY, Hedge Sparrow, greatly elongated in fhape, the ground-colour not unlike it, and mottled all over with ferruginous purple *. I have mentioned before the circumftance of my having heard the Cuckow call in the night. This happened again to me, the roth of May, 1783, when, being in my own garden, between ele- ven and twelve at night, I heard one call feveral times together very diftintly. It may not be amifs to obferve, that not only the Jaft night, but the others in which I heard it, was bright moon- light. The Cuckow extends to India. 1 have twice feen it in drawings from thence. Eaftern Black Cuckow, Gen. Sym. ii. p. 518. IZE of a Magpie: length fixteen inches. Bill whitifh, pretty ftrong: general colour of the plumage black; acrofs the wings three narrow bars of white, and near the end of the tail the fame: legs pale blue. Inhabits India; called Coweel.——Lady Impey. I find that there are two or three fpecies of Cackows in India, which are known by the name of Kwil/, or Coweel; one as large as a Foy, and all of them frequenting woods. They for the moft part fly in fmall flocks, rarely fingly : the food infects. Thefe are held in veneration by the Mahometans ; but by others the flefh is accounted delicate, a fingle bird being fometimes fold to the lo- vers of good eating for twenty-four /ivres. It is faid to fing very finely, as a Nightingale y. * Portland Mufeum. + £9: Philof. p. 68: O 2 Honey 99 Io. Vartic: EASTERN BLACK C, DeEscRIPTION. PLACE, 100 ll. + CRESTED BLACK C, 16. Var. B. DESCRIPTION. Ce UM CHK Or We Crefted Black Cuckow, Gen. Syz. ii. p. 519. N° 11. Cuculus ferratus, Sparrm. Muf. Carl/. pl. iii. R. Sparrman takes his trivial name from the fhape of the white fpot on the wing being not unlike the teeth of a /aw at the back part of it; this arifes from the obliquity of the white on each quill, which, when they are fomewhat open, may give it fuch an appearance. Itisnot, however, the cafe in my fpecimen, as it merely appears as an irregular patch on the wing. Egyptian Cuckow, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 523. Var. B. IZE of the Rain Cuckow: length nineteen inches and a half. Bill an inch and a half long, ftout, curved, and of a black co- lour; noftrils almoft covered with fhort feathers: upper eyelid furnifhed with eight or nine briftles: the head and neck dufky brown, and the feathers narrow ; the fore part, as far as the breaft, marked down the fhafts with indiftiné& pale fpots and bars; the hind -part plain: wing coverts deep rufous, obfcurely barred with dufky: quills barred rufous and blackifh, alternate, about twenty of each: tail ten inches long, cuneiform; the outer feather only five inches in length; colour of the feathers black, barred with numerous oblique dufky white lines, not correfponding on each fide the fhafts: the belly, thighs, upper and under tail coverts, dufky, croffed with numerous white lines: legs fhort, ftout, rough; the inner hind toe furnifhed with a ftrait claw, like that of a Lark, and one inch in length: on the infide of the bend of the wing a fhort blunt fpur. Inhabits COU ee ke OM We Inhabits China. The above fpecimen in the collection of Sir Sofeph Banks. It feems greatly to coincide with my fhort de- fcription of the fecond variety, the Egyptian Cuckow *, if not the fame bird. I obferve one greatly fimilar among the drawings of Lady Im- pey, ferving to afcertain its inhabiting the coaft of Coromandel ; but this feems to have the neareft refemblance to my firft variety, the plumage being black throughout, except the wings, which are of a bright ferruginous flame-colour; the prime quills barred with black. This is known in India by the name of Crow-Pheafant. 1 fuppofe it to be a voracious bird, as the Indian name fignifies De- vourer with the Mouth. Honey Cuckow, Gen. Syz. ii. p. 533. N°-31. Gnat-Snapper, Kolb, Cap. vol.il. p.154? HE make bird is faid to have the bafe of the bill (capifrum) encircled with black fF. Lobes, in his Voyage to Abyffinia f, {peaks of a bird called M- roc, which has the inftinét of difcovering honey: but from his ac- count, it is that which is colle&ted by the Ground Bees ; as he fays that they -keep their holes in the ground extremely clean; thar, though common in the highways, they are feldom found, except by the Moroc’s affiftance. The Ratel (a fpecies of Wee/el)||, at times profits by the Honey Cuckow, watching the motion of that bird on all occafions; when, if the bird dire&ts him to that which is collected under ground, it is énabled to get at it fufficiently eafy : on the contrary, if the Bee’s neft is in a ¢ree, the difappointed * Gen. Syn. vol.il. p. 523. B. + Sparrm. Voy, ii. p. 191. t P. 52. 8vo. edit. 1735. || ft. Quadr, N° 220, 5 animal, FOr Prace, 31. HONEY C, 102 47: GREY-HEAD- ED C. DESCRIPTION, PLACE, 48. SONNERAT’SC. DEscRIPTION. PLACE. C. UC K- Oy: Ww: animal, not able to get up to it, begins to gnaw the tree at the bottom, whereby the Hoftentots have a fecond method of difcover- ing fuch as contain honey*. Dr. Sparrman obferves, that no one kept bees about the Cape, while he was there, except the fon of a colonift; who ufed to fet out empty chefts and boxes, into which the wild fwarms would frequently enter; and he has no doubt, from this circumftance, but that /zves might be ufed die as in other countries, with advantage. There is great probability of this bird proving the Guat- Snapper of Kolben: of which he faysthe note is not fo fine as that of a Tit- moufe ; and that it is a guide to the Ho/tentots, by directing them to the honey which the dees lay up in the clefts of the rocks. ENGTH ten inches. Head and neck pale grey: breaft and belly white, croffed with pale grey bars: wings deep ath, fome of the feathers edged with ruft: tail almoft even at the end; white, croffed with equidiftant dufky bars: legs pale brown. Inhabits: India.—Lady inpey: ra einans a variety of my Pa- nayan Cuckow t. Le petit Coucou des Indes, Son. Voy. Ind, iis Pp. 211s IZE of a Blackbird. Bill and irides yellow: head, hind part of the neck, back, and wings, red brown, croffed with ftreaks of black: fore part of the neck, breaft, and belly, white, barred with black: tail brown, fpotted on each fide of the fhafts irregu~ larly with black: legs yellow. Inhabits India. © Sparrm. Voy. lie Pe 183, 194. 4 Spas ils Pe 5270 GENUS [103 J aes Genus XX WR YNEC K Wryneck, Gen. Syz. ii. p. 548.—Ard. Zool. it, p. 267. B. Te Yunx torquilla, Bruz, N° 37.—Muller, N° 96.—Faun. Arag. p. 736 + WRYNECK.. T has been before obferved, that this bird is met with in vari- ous places between Bengal and Kamt/chatka ; added to which, I cannot help thinking that it is alfo found at the Cape of Good Hope, as Kolben* mentions a bird by the name of Long Tongues which inhabits that place. ‘ * Hift, Capes ii, pe 1552 GENUS 1. GREAT BLACK W. [ 104 J Genus XX]. WOODPECKER. 50. a. Malacca W. * WITH FOUR TOES. Great Black Woodpecker, Gen. Syz. il. p. 552. 1.—ArG. Zool. ii. p. 276. A. Picus martius, Bruz. N° 38.—Muller, N° 97. HIS is common in Rufia, frequenting the woods, from Sv. Peterfburgh to Ochot/e on the eafternocean, and to Lapmark on the weft*. Is not an inhabitant of Kamt/chatka. This fpecies is fo very deftructive to Bees, that the Ba/chirians, in the neighbourhood of the river Ufa, as well as the inhabi- tants of other parts, who form holes in the trees twenty-five or thirty feet from the ground, wherein the Bees may depofit their ftore, take every precaution to hinder the accefs of this bird ; and in particular are cautious to guard the mouth of the hive with fharp thorns; notwithftanding which, the Woodpecker finds means to prove a very deftructive enemy: and it is obferved to be in. moft plenty where the Bees are in the greateft numbers +. I have heard mention made of this fpecies having been once_ feen in the fouthern parts of this kingdom ; and Mr. Tun/fta// tells me, that he has been informed, by a fkilful ornithologift, of its being fometimes feen in Devon/bire. * Ar&. Zool, + Dec. Ruff iv. p. 9. 17. White- Vin 1.6 1D [Remue sK of R: White-billed Woodpecker, Gen. Syx. ii. p. 553. N°2.—<4r@, Zool. ii. N° 156. ENGTH twenty inches. Bill the colour of the whiteft to5 WHITE-BIL- LED W. FEMaLe ? ivory, and very blunt at the end: general colour of the plu- Descriprion. rage deep black: the head is crefted at the back part, and finifhes in a point; the whole of the top of the head, as well as the creft, black: from the hind part of the eye begins a line of white, which paffes down on each fide of the neck and back; at the lower part of the laft, the two ftripes unite in a point: the firft four quills are plain black ; the fifth is alfo black, with a white tip, and two {pots of white on the inner web; the fixth and feventh black, with the ends and whole of the inner webs white; all the other quills wholly white : the under wing coverts are white: the tail black, very {tiff, and the feathers greatly incurvated: legs dufky blue: claws black. I apprehend this to be the female of the white-billed {pecies, from its having no red about it; a circumftance not uncommon in that fex of the Woodpecker tribe. I met with the fpecimen at Mr. Humpbries’s, dealer in curiofi- ties, in Long-Acre, among others, in a colleétion which came from Carolina. Pileated Woodpecker, Gen. Sym. ii. p. 554. N° 3.—Ard. Zool. ii. N° 157. N Mr. Hutchins’s manufcript I obferve a Woodpecker fimilar to this. Length feventeen inches and a half; breadth twenty- eight and a half; weight nine ounces and a quarter, Troy. Bill lead-colour: forehead greenifh yellow: crown crimfon: lore SuPPL. P ftraw- 3. + PILEATED W. 106 WO '1O°.D PEC KE Re itraw-coloured, pafling over the eyes and down the fides of the neck : from the lower mandible a ftreak of black, communicating with the fore part of the neck, which is black: the back, wing coverts, fcapulars; lower part of the belly, and tail,. black : upper: half of the quills and fecondaries white; the reft. black: the belly: and thighs the fame, .marked. with faint tranfverfe bars of white : legs black. PLACE This was found near four hundred miles: up the river Abany,. in North Amexica, in the month of Fanuary.. It is called May- May; and is moft probably a variety of the Pileated Woodpeckers. differing chiefly imthe under parts being {triated with: white.. g: Red-breafted Woodpecker, Gén. Syn. ii. .p.562. N° ge- RED-BREAST-- ee THE tail of this bird is-wholly black, except one of the mid- ~ dle feathers, which has three {pots of white on one fide of the- fhaft.. The whole length of the bird eight inches and a half. Such a bird as-this,-if not the fame, was met with in Nootka: Sound, on the coaft of North America. It is faidtobe “ Lefs ** than a Lhrufh, of a black colour above, with white fpots on the ‘* wing ;:acrimfon head, neck, and breaft, and-a yellowith olive- ** coloured belly ;. from which laft circumftance it might perhaps. ** not improperly be called the Yedlow-bellied Woodpecker *.” * Caok’s Laft Voyage, ii. pe 297- Greater: WOODPRPEC RE R. ‘Greater Spotted Woodpecker, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 564. N° 12.—4r4, Zool. iis N* 162. Picus major, Bruz. N° 40,.—Muller, N° 99.—Georgi Reifz, p. 165.—Sepp. Fog. pl. inp. 41. FOUND in Rufia, and other parts of Europe, as high as Lap- mark; extends alfo to the moft eaftern parts of Sidiria, In- habits Afrachan*. I have never feen the ege of this bird; but ‘obferve, in Sepp’s figure of it, that the colour is a greyith white, ‘mottled with minute dufky fpecks. Notwithftanding we can afcertain at leaft five fpecies of Wood- ‘peckers in England,yet'l am affured, by avery intelligent naturalift , -that not a fingte one is found in-Jreland. “Middle Spotted Woodpecker, Gez. Syz. ii. p. 565. Ne 13.— Ar. Zool. iis p. 278. D.. Picus medius, Bruz. N° .41.—Muller, N° 100.—Georgi Reife,p. 165. H1S bird is met with on the continent, being found in Den- mark and Rufia. It alfo frequents the neighbourhood of the lake Baikal, and is likewife found at Afrachan f. ‘Leffler Spotted Woodpecker, Gen. Syx. ii. p.566. N° 14.47. Zool. ii. p. 278. E. Picus minor,- Muller, N° 101. "7 HIs fpecies is feen as far north as either of the two laft-named fpecies, andlikewife extends tothe moft eaftern parts of Sibiria, * Dec. Ruff ii. p. 143, + Thomas Fackfon, Elg; of Limerichs t Dece Ruff, ii. p. 143- Pe at 107 12. 4- GREATER SPOTTED W. 15. + MIDDLE SPOTTED W. 14. +- LESSER SPOTTED W; 108 14. Var. A. DescriPTion. 18, + HAIRY W. WOO DP EC K E R It has alfo been noticed on the other fide of the equator, a drawing of one having been. received from the ifland of Ceylon, in the Eaft Indies*. MALLER than the Little Woodpecker. Bill blueifh: fore- head and whole of the cheeks. white: on the beginning of the crown a rich crimfon fpot; the hind part black and’ flightly erefted: from the lower mandible begins a black line, which en- tirely furrounds the lower part of the cheeks, and joins the hind part of the neck, which is alfo black : back and fcapulars black, marked with lunated white fpots: wing coverts ftriped down- wards, and {potted with white on a black ground: primaries and tail barred regularly with black and white: under part of the body white.. Collected by Mr. Loren: communicated by Mr. Pennant. Hairy Woodpecker, Gen. Syz. il. pe 572. N°18.——4rd. Zool. ii. N® 164. "TV HIs fpecies has lately been found in the north of England; where it does not appear to be very uncommon. I had the fatisfaction of feeing a pair in the colleétion of the late Dutchefs Dowager of Portland. Wer Grace informed me, that they were fent to her by Mr. Bolton, who fhot them not far diftant from Ha- lifax, in York/bire. On comparing the male with one from Nort America, 1 obferved.a flight interruption on the middle of the red _ band on the hind head ; in other points, they were exactly fimilar. & Ar, Zool... The WO @D PEC KE R The female coincided with the American one in every parti- eular. I am informed that it is not uncommon at Hud/on’s Bay, where it is called Paupaftaow *. Little Woodpecker, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 573. N® 19. Downy Woodpecker, 4ré&, Zool. ii. N° 165. “HE female of this fpecies has the hind head croffed with. white, which in. the #a/e is red.. x Yellow-bellied Woodpecker, Géz. Syn. ii. p. 574.. N° 20.—4r@.. Zool, ii. N° 166. Picus varius, Georgi Rese, p. 165.. HET HER this. inhabits any. part of the European conti- nent I cannot determine ; but it is ranked by Georg: among the birds frequenting the Lake Baikal, in Afia. The name given to it by the natives of Hud/on’s Bay is Meki- fewe Paupaftaow +.. Little Brown Woodpecker, Gén. Sja. ii. p. 577; N° 243. HAVE fearce a doubt but this fpecies inhabits Jvdia, as I found a.drawing of one in the collection of Mr. Middleton, which did not materially differ; The length was five inches. The bill pale: the-head white, except the crown, and a large * Mr. Hutchins. . +: Ibid. patch 109 Ig. ¢- LITTLE Wz. 20. . + YELLOW- BELLIED W.. ZA LITTLE BROWN W.. 216 25, st GREEN W, 37° PASSERINE W. WOOPDPEC KR ER patch under the eye, both of which were brown : the upper parts of the body and tail brown black, fparingly fpotted with white; the under parts wholly white: legs blue, Green Woodpecker, Gen. Syx. il. p.577. N° 25.—-4rG. Zool, ii. p. 277. Be Picus viridis, Brun. N° 39..—Muller, N° 98.—Sepp. Vog. pl. in p. 43.— Faun. Arag. p.7}3- "FHIS {pecies frequents many parts of the continent of Ex- rope: among others, the weft of Rufia; but difappears to- wards Sibiria. Is found as high north as Lapmark, where it is called Zhiaine*. The egg in Sepp’s plate is of a greyifh or yellowifh white, marked with irregular lines of pale yellowifh brown. The firaw-coloured {pecimen in the Leverian Mufeum was thot at Belvoir-Cha/fe, the feat of the Duke of Rutland, Pafferine Woodpecker, Gen. Syz. ii. p. 588. N° 37+ OME of thefe birds from Cayenne came under my infpection, Thofe which were called males anfwered to my former defcrip~ tion. One marked as a female had the crown brown, otherwile like the male. In this lait I obferved the tail feathers to be ex- ceedingly worn at the ends; but in the others they were more sounded and pliant. © Ar&. Zool, Cayenne 19"2 WOO .D REC KE R. Cayenne Woodpecker, Gen. Spa ii. p. 590. N° 40, Lev. Muf. Obferve in fome fpecimens a crimfon ftreak on each fide of the lower jaw, which is moft probably the characteriftic of the wale bird. Rufous Woodpecker, Gen. Syn. ii. p..594. N° 45. H AVE feen more than one of this fpecies which hada ftreak. of crimfon on each fide of the under jaw. In acollection brought from Cayenne were others, of an interme- diate fize between this and the Red-cheeked*. Thefe had a large patch of crimfon under the eyes, and the bars of the breaft fo much broader than on the reft of the under parts, as to give the appearance of a black breaft on the firft infpef&tion. It feems,. therefore, not improbable that the Red-cheeked and Rufous Wood- peckers proceed from age or fexual difference merely, and that the: prefent is a connecting variety. Gold-winged Woodpecker, Ger. Syz. ii. p. 597. N° 49.- APT. Cook, in his laft voyage, found. this bird at Nootka: Sound t. he Pic de Malacca, Son. Voy: Ind. ii. p..211s- ESS than the Green Woodpecker. Bill black: irides red: top of the head dull crimfon; the feathers long, forming a flight * N° 44, + Foy. ii, p22976 a 3 cre ov rrgy 40. CAYENNE W. 45% RUFOUS.W. 49.- + GOLD: WINGED W.. 50; a. MALACCA W.. DeEscRIPTION,.- Pew) Wi © ©: DD) B BEC: K (Baek creft: the throat and fore part of the neck rufous yellow: lefler wing coverts crimfon: quills dufky red on the outer, and brown marked with roundifh white {pots on the inner webs: the breafts belly, and vent, are rufous white, crofled with black bands: the back dirty reddifh grey: rump pale greenifh yellow, croffed with black bands: tail black; the feathers remarkably ftiff, and the fhafts prominent: legs black. PLACE. Inhabits Malacca. 2 NN A, Debt pe Ope iSey aa 51. : Rare hayek 4 THREE. Three wee Wiest yoe sa Gas Syn li. p 600. N° 51 TOED W. Picus tridaétylus, Georgi Reife, p. 165. {7 E are informed, that this fpecies is found as low on the Ez- ropean continent as Worone/ch on the river Dow, thoughin . lefs plenty than the other kinds. The female is faid to have the , crown white, where the male is red, and has more white about her in the other parts of the body*. In Szbéria it is almoft as common as other fpecies. Inhabits the parts about the Lake Baikal +. I have received feveral from Hud/on’s Bay, which vary much in fize; the largeft is nine inches and three quarters in length. Some had the fides of the belly barred tranfverfely with black and white, others not: fome had the back plain black, in others it was {potted with white; but all were probably of one fex, as the heads were yellow. . * Dec. Ruf. i. p. 100. + Georgi. GENUS [ 113 J Genus XXII. JACAMAR., N° 4. White-billed J. Paradife Jacamar, Gen. Syz. ii. p. 605. N° 3. N a collection of birds from Cayenne was one of thefe, which had the crown of the head brown, and the general colour of the plumage more dull than ufual. This was moft likely the fe- male. IZE fmaller than the Greex Facamar: length feven inches. The bill quite ftrait, fcarcely an inch and a half long, and white, except the bafe of the upper mandible, which is dufky: on each fide of the noftrils are three or four ftiff briftles: the plu- mage on the upper parts of the body is deep glofly green: on the chin a triangular white fpot ; juft under the bill, within the fpot, pale rufous : the under parts of the body rufous, but deeper: the tail fhort, even at the end; the two middle feathers green, the others rufous: legs black. I met with this in the collection of the late Dr. Hunter, fup- pofed to have been brought from South America. Supe. Q- GENUS 5. + PARADISE J. 4. WHITE-BIL- LED J. DESCRIPTION» @) > Wr me vw ff iz. Var. D. SACRED K.. f 14 Genus XXII. KINGSFISHER. N° 35.’a- Amazonian K. Cape Kingsfither, Gen, Sya. ii. p. 610. N° 2. FIIS, no doubt, inhabits China, as weil as the Cape of Good Hope, as 1 met with a drawing of one among other Chine/fe birds. The name given to it was Tye-fzoy. It likewife is a na- tive of India, as I have feen it painted in three different collections: of drawings from thence. Sacred Kingsfither, Gen. Sy. ii. p. 621. Ne 12. A Further variety of this fpecies is faid to inhabit New Zea- land. This has the crown of the head greenifh black; a ftreak over the eyes, whitifh before, greenifh behind : round the neck a white collar: back dufky black: wing coverts pale green, with yellowifh edges: quills and tail black, edged with blue : the under parts of the body whitifh, tinged with dufky yellow on the breaft : vent and under wing coverts very pale yellow. This is known at New Zealand by the name of Poopoo, whourod roa. The Kingsfifber at Otabeite and the Friendly Ifles is called Koato-a-00*. * Cooks Laft Voyage, Appendix. Black- KD NE Gy Ss we bos: Ho ER. Black-capped Kingsfither, Gen. Syu. ii. p. 624. N® 15. ENGT Heleven inches. Bili four inches, colour a deep red: the head and all the upper parts of the body deep blue: wing coverts dufky black: quills the fame, with the inner webs of many white, and the tips of all black : the under parts of the body are white; running back at the lower part of the neck like a cref- cent: legs black. I met with this in the collection of the late Mr. Boddam. Ic appeared to me as a variety of my Black-capped Kingsfifber, if not of a different fex. Common Kingsfifher, Gen. Syx. ii, p. 626. N° 16.—Ar&. Zool. ii. p. 280. A. Alcedo ifpida, Muller, N° 105.—Faun. Arag. p. 73. THis is found only in the temperate parts of Rufia and Sidi- ria: not common in Denmark. A {pecimen I met with from China was precifely the fame, though lefs than ours: the name given it was Ju-loang. I have feen it alfo exactly painted in collections of drawings from India. Blue-headed Kingsfifher, Gen. Syz, ii. p..631. N° 20. Lev. Muf. IZE of the Blue-headed one. Bill red: crown of the head barred blue and black ; the edges of the feathers fringed with rufous ; the reft of the head and neck, as far as the breaft, rufous yellow: Q2 back, Le Zs 15. Var. C. BLACK-CAP- PED K. DESCRIPTION. 16. + COMMON XK3 20. BLUE-HEADED K. Var. A. DescriPTION. ri6 Kol N.GiS-h tS) HW ER. back, and wing coverts, fine blue: quills and tail rufous brown; belly white: legs red. Native place uncertain. : Lae ee Belted Kingsfifher, Gex. Syz, ii, p.637. N° 27.——4r4. Zool, ti. N° 16g. ; HIS fpecies inhabits Hud/on’s Bay, and makes the neft in the banks of rivers, the hole running a long way horizontally in- wards: lays four whiteeges; and the young are hatched the end of Fune. It has the fame manners, in refpeét to catching its prey, as the European {pecies, being often feen fluttering above the fur- face of the water ; when, darting down on a fudden, it feldom fais to bring up a fd in its bill. The Indian name is Kifkeman, or Kifkemanafue*. Captain Cook met with this fpecies at Nootka Sound +. AMAZONIAN 5 “IZE of the Belted Kingsfifher, if not bigger: length thirteen inches. Bill three inches long, ftrair, and black; the under mandible yellow at the bafe: upper parts of the body fhining DeEscRIPTION. green: chin, throat, and belly, white, paffing backwards in a ring to the nape: fides of the body and over the thighs mottled with green: the breaft is alfo clouded with the fame: quills fpot- ted with white : the two middle tail feathers are green ; the others the fame, but darker, and fpotted on each fide of the web with white; legs black. Inhabits Cayenne. PLACE, (@) ts ® Mr. Hutchins. $ Laf Voy. ii. p. 2968 GENUS [ 117 ] Genus XXIV. NUTHATCH. N° 8. Black-headed N. N° 10. Cape N. 9. Leaft N. 11. Long-billed N. European Nuthatch, Gen. Spx, ii. p. 648. N° 1.—4rd. Zool, ii. p. 281? Sitta Europea, Brun. N° 42.—Muller, p. 165. HIS bird is pretty common in Eyvgland, but rather fcarce in France * ; though it extends pretty far north on the conti- nent, being met with in the forefts ot Rufiia, Sibiria, and Kamtf- chatka, as well as in Sweden, and Sondmor in Norway. It alfo in- habits India +. I have been informed, that it has at times a kind of whiftle, fomewhat imitating that of a man, which may be heard at fome diftance f. Nuthatch, Var. B. Gen. Syz. ii. p.650. Black-headed Nuthatch, 4rd. Zool. 1i. N° 171. Believe this bird to be a diftin& fpecies, and not a variety of the Common Nuthatch, as 1 once thought. Mr. Hutchins informs me, that one with a black head (proba- bly this fpecies), is not uncommon at Hud/on’s Bay in fummer, re- tiring fouthward in winter, and is there called Nemifcu-Apethay/bifh. The firit word fignifies thunder; and the bird fo named, as itis fuppofed to be mioft noify before the approach of it. * Dr. Brouffonet. + Lady Zmpey’s drawings. t Rev. Dr. Wilgre/s. Nuthatch, I. + EUROPEAN N. 8. BLACK-HEAD- ED N. 118 9. LEAST NUT- HATCH. DeEscRIPTION. 10. CAPE'N. DESCRIPTION. PLACE. Wit LONG-BILLED N. DESCRIPTION. Puace. NeoU, oD) Fiat: (Co. Nuthatch, Var. C. Gen. Syz. ii. p. 651. Left Nuthatch, 4r@. Zool. ii. N° 172. FE length of this minute /pecies (for I find it to be diftin&t) is only three inches and a half. The bill blueifh; the bafe of the under mandible pale: the head mou/e-colour : upper parts of the body, and two middle tail feathers, cinereous ; the others dufky black: the under parts of the body dufky white. I met with feveral of the above at Mr. Humpbries’s, of Long- Acre, who received them in a collection from North America. Sitta caffra, Spar. Mu/: Carl/. pl. 4. ENGTH nine inches. Bill three quarters of an inch, ftrait, blueifh black : the forehead, hind part of the neck, and back, are brown and yellow mixed: fides of the head, neck, breaft, and under parts, dufky yellow; the tips and margins of the quills the fame: the tail feathers are ten in number; above dufky black, beneath olive, and the tips dufky yellow; the two middle feathers longer than the others: legs black: claws yellow. Inhabits the Cape of Good Hope. ore eight inches, Bill above an inch in length, and black; the bafe pale, almoft white: from the mouth to the eye a black line, and thence along the fides of the neck, which, with the cheeks and forehead, are white: the crown, and whole of the upper parts of the body, and wings, very light blue grey: tips of the prime quills brown: belly pale tawny : legs pale brown. Inhabits Batavia. Defcribed from the drawings of Lady Impey. Genus iE sag tl Genus XXVI. BE E-EATER. N° 21. Coromandel B. E.” Common Bee-eater, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 667. Net. Merops Apialter, Faux. drag. p.73.- HIS bird is no where more frequent than in the fouthern la- titudes of Rufia; chiefly about the Doz, Wolga, and Faick. Some are met with about Tobel/chi, on the Irtifch, though few or ~ none farther in Sidivia... They are migratory, and firft feen about Woronefch, and neighbouring parts, about the 24th of April, com- ing in vaft flocks ; and make the neft in the clayey banks, which they perforate obliquely, to the depth of half a foot; the entrance of the hole is large, but grows fmaller at the bottom; and the hills are in many places fo full of them, that they appear like a honey-comb. The time of their departure into other countries is about the month of September, being obferved by thoufands in their flight fouthward*. Thefe birds are obferved to come to Gibraltar in March, in {mall flocks, not exceeding three or four, and feldom reft more than a few hours: their note is a little whiftle, not unlike that of a Whiftling Duck. When the fun fhines upon them in their flight, they are a pleafing object, as they ap- pear gilded f. ® See Dec. Ruf. i. p.107.—-Ruffia, vol. iv. p. 340, &c. + Col. Davies. Indian» TZ I. + COMMON B. E. 120 B E E-E ATER. 2. Indian Bee-eater, Gen. Syx. ii. p.670. N° 2. Var. D. INDIAN B. E. FIND this bird fubjeét to great variety. One among the drawings of Lady Jmpey has a yellow forehead and a deep blue throat; the reft as in the Indian fpecies. Thefe are not uncom- mon in India, where they are often feen flying to and fro, and feem fond of plantanes. 3 In the Britifh Mufeum is alfo a bird not greatly differing: the general colour of the plumage pale green; the under parts light- eft: forehead inclining to orange: chin and throat black, mot- tled on each fide of the under jaw with an obfcure trace of blue : tail even at the end. ‘This, perhaps, may be a young bird of the Indian Bee-eater, which is often feen in vaft flocks in India; ar- riving the beginning of autumn. 18. Moho, Ellis Narr. ii. p.156. YELLOW- \ TUFTED B.E. ¥ Believe the bird mentioned in Ellis’s Narrative *, of the long tail feathers of which the natives of Sandwich [lands make fly- flaps, to be this very {pecies. He obferves, that the name of the bird is Mobo; and that the handle is not unfrequently made of an arm or leg bone of one of their enemies flain in battle. Sih Le Guépier jaune de la Céte de Coromandel, Sox. Voy. Ind. ii. p.213. COROMANDEL pl. 119. F B. E. Descriprion, ILL black: irides pale rufous: head and hind part of the neck pale yellow: from the bill through the eye a ftreak of * Vol. il. p, 156.—-Cook’s Laft Voy. iii. p. 120. black, ; BEE-E ATE R. black, finifhing behind ic: throat pale green: fore part of the neck, breaft, and belly, greenifh yellow: fides of the neck deep yellow, undulated with greenifh blue: quills and tail deep yellow; all but the two middle feathers of the laft tipped with black : legs black. Inhabits the coaft of Coremandel. fey Suppi. R GENUS. - F2Y Piacs. f we2s4 Genus XXVIL H OOP O E. N° 9. Red-billed Pr. N° ro. Blue Pr. 1. Common Hoopoe, Gen. Syn. ii. p.687. N° 1.—Ar&. Zool. ii. p. 283. Ae + COMMON H. Upupa epops, Brun. N° 43.—Muller, N° 103.—Georgi Reife, p. 165.—Sepp Vog. pl. in pe 129.—Faun. Arag. p.74.—Kolb, Cap. ii. p. 157. Believe the Hoopoe * to be met with, and even to dreed in Eng- land, oftener than is generally fuppofed, as I have had them feveral times fent to me; and have been able to collect various in- ftances in fupport of this opinion, which I can depend on, added to others of lefs certain authority; not that this bird is conftant in its migrations into this ifland, there being in fome years many to ve be met with; in others, few or none. The year 1783 feems tohave been more abundant in thefe birds than any I have yet heard of; one of them being fhot near Orford, on the coaft of Suffolk, in May, and another feen near the fame place the 24th of Fune following : ‘ thefe, no doubt, had bred thereabouts. The place where thefe were feen was a remarkable barren fpot. In the month of Sep- tember of the fame year two were fhot at Ho/derne/s, and many were feen in various other parts of York/bire, and as far north as Scotland +. One was fhot the roth of September, at Cam in Gloucefter- faire, another on Epping Foreft, anda third in Surrey. A few years fince, a pair had begun to make a neft in Hamp/hire ; but being * In the Syzop/s the tail by miftake is faid to be white, marked with black ; whereas it fhould have been expreffed exaétly the contrary. + Mr. Tux/fall, 2 too: HO" OPO: IK, too much difturbed, forfook it, and went elfewhere *. The laft year, 1786, a young bird was fent to me, the roth of May, full fledged, fhot near Southfleet, in Kent}; but the old birds had not been obferved. In Sepp’s plate of the neft of this bird, I find it placed in the hollow of a tree, compofed of foft bents, and fmooth within. The eges four innumber, of a blueifh white, marked with pale brown fpots. I find this bird, though very common in the deferts of Rufia and Zartary, to be much more fcarce beyond the river 05; however, fome are found beyond the Lake Baikal. Dr. Pallas confirms the account of the filthy manners of this fpecies, as he met with an inftance of a pair breeding in the privy of an uninhabited houfe in the fuburbs of Tzaritzin t. Tam informed by Colonel Davies, that they every year aré feen in Gibraltar in March, in {mall flocks of ten or twelve ; hence are called there March Cocks. They are fuppofed to come from Africa, and to be on their paffage north to fome other place, as they only ftay a few hours to reft themfelves ; and it is not un- common to fee five or fix flocks in a week, during the time of their paffage. He did not obferve them to have any note; but that they had a dipping kind of flight, not unlike a Woodpecker. J have obferved this bird to be among paintings beth from China and India; it is therefore, no doubt, common to both thofe parts. ® Mr. Tuuftall. + By Mr. Godden, of that place. ‘t 4rd. Zook R2 SIZE 123 124 RED-BILLED PROMEROPS. ldiag ONG DescRiPTION. 10. BLUE PR. DescriprTion. He (0 2Or 7 PaO). ie: IZE of the Hoopoe: length fifteen inches. Bill two inches and a half long, curved, as in that bird, but ftouter; colour red; noftrils oval, placed near the bafe. The head is pretty full of fea- -thers, which do not lay fmooth, being fomewhat difhevelled, as in fome of the Paradife Birds: the colour of the head, neck, breaft, and back, black, with a glofs, in fome lights of red, and in others of green: the belly velvet black: wing coverts black, gloffed with green: quills and tail glofly blue black: on the inner webs of the firft fix prime quills is an oval {pot of white, almoft an inch and a half from the tip: the tail is cuneiform; the longeft feathers eight inches, the fhorteft or outer ones only three inches, in Jength ; the two middle ones are plain black throughout, the others marked with afpot of white on each fide of the web, about an inch from the end*; thefe fpots are nearly oval in fhape, and placed obliquely, but not quite oppofite to each other: the legs are an inch long, and ftout, as are the toes, the outer one united to the middle pretty deeply ; the colour of the legs and toes red ; the legs feathered half way down; claws hooked, and black. This curfous fpecies I firft faw in the collection of the late Dutchefs Dowager of Portland, who informed me, that the per- fon fhe had it from reported it to have come from Africa. It is now in the poffeftion of Colonel Davies. Among the drawings of Captain Pater/on 1 likewife obferve a figure of this bird, differing only in having the bill dufky inftead of red. The drawing was. made from a fpecimen met with in lida ae or of the laft : length twelve irchees Bill two inches Jong, ftouter than in the Hoopoe, and more curved, the colour black : yom general. r ac] ie (=) 4 ) fen fj) CO-CTMUCEA =« VP OIMELO “J. Fe OO; P OTE. general colour of the plumage blue, paleft about the head and un- der parts of the body: the tail more than four inches long, and fomewhat cuneiform: legs pale lead-colour. I met with a reprefentation of this bird among the drawings of Captain Paterfon, and have been informed that it is a native of fome part of India. GENUS if eee Genus XXVIII. C€ REE PER. N° 50. Snuff-coloured Cr. N°“. Tufted Cr. gx. Afh-bellied Cr. - gS. Red-billed Cr, 52. Indigo Cr. | 69. Yellow-winged ¢ 53. Blue-rumped Cr. 60. I led Ci 54. Yellow-bellied Cr. 61. Bawec-rail Cr, 55. Red-backed Cr. 62. Black-taled Cr. g6. Orange-backed Cr. ie Common Creeper, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 698. N° 1.—Ar&. Zool. ii. N° 174. ia coon Certhia familiaris, Brun. p. 12.—-Muller, N° 104.—Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 59. HIS is found, but very rarely, in the forefts of Rufia and Si- biria: is a conftant inhabitant of Sweden, and extends as far north as Sondmor. A variety of this 1s found in North America, which is confiderably larger. This country alfo contains the com-= mon fort. 33 Great Hook-billed Creeper, Gev. Syx. ii. p. 703. Ne 5 GREAT HOOK- aes BILLED CR. HIS f{pecies is common at Owhyhee, and called by the natives Hookoo*. Hook-billed Green Creeper, Gea. Syz. 11. p» 703. N°4. +HOOK-BILL- _ é : ; ED GREEN CR, HIS is moft probably the bird that is called at Owhyhee, Akaiearooa }. ® Cook's Laft Voyage, iitp.t39. = ¢ *Ldv ib pair cins CURB ab mR EB. Polytmus*, Boru. Phryf. p. 76. pl. 2. UR people firft met with thefe birds at the ifland of Atooi, _ though they are common in all the Sandwich Ifands, where they are faid to be gregarious, though not met with alive by any of our people. Thofe with a variegated plumage are young birds. The general name for them is Eee-eve, though they called them at Atooi, Heoro-taire t. African Creeper, Gen. Syn. il. p. 717. N°18- Br. Mu. ENGTAH five inches and a half. Bill an inch and a quarter, moderately bent, and black: head, throat, and breaft, green, gloffed with copper bronze, appearing in fome lights purple: leffer wing coverts and back fine gilded green: tail coverts the fame, very long, reaching almoft to the end of the tail: acrofs the breaft a narrow band of vermilion, not gloffy: belly and vent dufky black: the greater wing coverts and quills are brown, tinged with green: tail feathers the fame, fringed on the edges with green: legs black. Inhabits Africa. I fufpec&t this to be a mere variety of the African Creeper. * Our African Creeper, vol. ii. p. 717. A. is figured im the fame plate, and likewife called Polytmus. + See Cook's Laft Voyage, ii, p. 207, 227.—iii. p. 119. and App, Famous 137 5. + HOOK-BIL- LED RED CR. 18, Var. Cy AFRICAN CR. DeEscRIPTION. Pace, 128 CR oe oR see Ee RP, 21. oils. cas FAMOUS CR. Famous Creeper, Gen. Syz. ii. p. 720. N° 21. Specimen of this, in the colle€tion of the late Mr. Boddam, was called by the name of Sugar-Bird. 26. Black and Blue Creeper, Gen, Syz. ii. p.724. N° 26. + BLACK AND YUE To Specimen of this, in the collection of Mr. Green, of Lambeth, was of a dirty green colour; but the yellow markings on the wings the fame. Whether a female, or a young bird, is uncer- tain. 27. Blue Creeper, Ger. Syz. ii. p. 725. N°27. BLUE CR. i hehe | NE of thefe, in poffeffion of Mr. Fones, of Bermond/ey, has the _ bill and legs red. 29. Cayenne Creeper, Gen: Syx. ii. p. 728. N° 29. CAYENNE CR. | ; N the Leverian Mu/feum are two birds which I fufpect to be va- rieties of this fpecies, or rather the young not arrived at perfect plumage. The one meafures in length five inches: general co- lour of the plumage palifh green; the under parts lighteft, and marked with perpendicular ftreaks of white on the chin, throat, t and breaft: over the eye a pale ftreak, and beneath it one of ‘ black: quills and tail dark green, with pale edges. The other is not quite fo long: general colour of the plumage green: fides of the head, chin, and throat, as far as the breaft, dafhed with per- pendicular green ftreaks : quills and tail darker than the reft of the plumage. san a Wall G7 Ry ES Ew Py E® Rx Wall Creeper, Gez. Syn. il. p. 730. N° 32. Certhia muraria, Faun. Arag. p. 74. HIS is found in Spain, particularly about acca, in the pro- vince of Arragon, where it is called Paxaco aranero. It has been obferved about the Caucafian rocks in Afia, but not elfe- where in that neighbourhood. It feems, in every place where it has been yet found, to be a fcarce bird. Wattled Creeper, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 732. N° 34. ‘N the account of Cook’s laft voyage, after defcribing the bird it is obferved that it was the only finging one found at Tongo- taboo; and that it compenfated a good deal for the want of the notes of others by the ftrength and melody of its own, which fill the woods at dawn, in the evening, and at the breaking up of bad weather*. It is faid alfo to be found at others of the Friendly Jfles, and known by the name of Foulehaioo +. Mocking Creeper, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 735. N® 39. HE note of this fpecies is faid not to be unlike that of the Poé Bird. Is found in greateft plenty in Queen Charlotte's Sound, and called there Negho barra. ENGTH eight inches and a half. Bill an inch and a quar- ter, not much bent; the colour a black brown: the head, ® Cook's Laft Voyage, i. p. 334 + Id. App. ’ ‘Supper. S neck, 34. WATTLED.CR. 39. ; MOCKING CR. 50. SNUFF-CO- LOURED CR. DeEscRIPTION. 190 gi. ASH-BELLIED CR. DescriPTiION. PLACE. ie INDIGO CR. DescripTioNe PLacez. € RE E P E R., neck, and back, are of a deep cinnamon, or fuuff-colour: beneath the body green: under wing coverts yellow: the two middle tail feathers are double the length of the reft, being two inches and a half long; the others of a moderate length, even at the ends, and of a blackifh green colour: Jegs black. I met with a fpecimen of the above at the late Mr. Boddam’s. Native place uncertain. Br. Mu/. ENGTAH five inches and a half. Bill fcarce an inch long, and black: tongue bifid: top of the head green: the upper parts of the neck, body, and wings, pale olive green; the under very pale afh-colour : quills and tail brown, edged with green: legs black. Inhabits Africa. Le Roffignol de Muraille des Indes, Son. Voy. Ind. vol. ii. p. 208. IZE of the Fig-eater. Bill black: irides rufous yellow: the top of the head, neck behind, the back, wings, and tail, are of a pale indigo blue: over the eye a white ftreak, and a fecond of black paffing under the eye to the hind head: the throat is white: the breaft, belly, and vent, rufous: legs rufous yellow. Inhabits India. ‘Le GRE E PRE R Le Grimpereau yerd du Cap de B. Efperance, Sou. Voy. dnd, vol. ii, p. 208. pl. 116. f. 2, 1ZE of the Canary Bird. Bill bent, and black: head, neck, back, and wing coverts, light changeable green: quills and tail reddifh, or gloffy rufous: rump fky-blue: throat red: legs black. Inhabits the Cape of Good Hope, and has an agreeable note. Le Grimpereau de Malacca, Son. Voy. Ind. vol. ii. p. 209, pl. 116. f. 1. IGGER than the laft. Bill black: irides red: the forehead deep changeable green: behind the eye is a dirty greenifh band, paffing half way down the fide of the neck, where it is rounded at the end; parallel to, and beneath this, is a fecond, of elofiy'violet, which arifes at the gape, and is continued on to the wing: the throat is red brown: the leffer wing coverts vio- let, with a metalline glofs; the others the fame, inclining to red: the quills dirty brown: the back, rump, and tail, are changeable violet: breaft, belly, and thighs, yellow: legs brown. A flight variety of this is in the collection of Colonel Davies. Length four inches. Head, neck, and all above, violet purple : fides of the head, beneath the eyes, greenifh brown: chin and throat inclining to red: wing coverts, fcapulars, and rump, glofly violet purple: quills brown, edged with dufky olive: tail black, edged with glofly purple: beneath, from the breaft, yellow. 7p) R i o 13Y 3 BLUE-RUMPED CR, DESCRIPTION. Piacs, 54s YELLOW-BEL- LIED CR. DeEscRIPTION. 132 RED-BACKED CR. DeEscRIPTION, 56. ORANGE- BACKED CR. DEscRIPTION. PLACE. USM TUFTED CR. DeEscRIPTION. PLACE, GR. Ei EB PR EY R. Le Grimperean 4 Dos rouge de la Chine, Sox. Voy. Ind. vol. ii, p. 209. play. f.1. HIS is probably the leaft of its race, being only three inches in length. The bill is a trifle bent, and black : irides red: the top of the head, hind neck, back, and rump, are crimfon: from the noftrils a black band paffes through the eye to the wing: the throat, breaft, and belly, are rufous white: the wing coverts. dark green, almoft black : quills, tail, and legs, black. A fpeci- men is in the collection of Sir e/eph Banks, which came from China. 1 obferve it alfo among the Indian drawings of Lady Impey.” Le Grimpereau fifleur de Ia Chine, Sox. Voy. Ind..vol. ii. p. 210. pl. 117 faze IZE of the laft. Bill and irides the fame: the upper parts of the plumage are blue-grey: throat and fore part of the neck the fame, but paler: on the upper part of the back is a fpot of erange yellow: the breaft and belly are alfo orange yellow: the vent pale yellow: legs black. Inhabits China. -ENGTH four inches. Bill black, incurvated: head, neck, and back, deep olive; the feathers edged with dufky: prime quills brown : belly and tail black: on each fide of the breaft a tuft of yellow feathers: legs black. Inhabits Bengal, SIZE Ce? i Bo BBR, 135 58. IZE very fmall; length fcarcely more than three inches, Bill ee red, tipped with black : crown of the head, part of the neck, and back, olive: breaft and belly white: wings, tail, and legs, dufky. Inhabits India. PLace. DESCRIPTION». 59. IZE fmall. Bill black: head and neck varied with dufky and | YELLOW- ; a ; ; WINGED CR. gold: tongue long, capable of being darted into flowers, like Ke pb ) that of a Humming Bird: wing coverts of a fine yellow: quills, iy cre a tail, and legs, black. Inhabits Bengal. Piace, 60. OTAL length five inches. Bill an inch and a half: tongue LONG-BILLED long and miffile, as in the laft defcribed: crown and hind part of the neck light green: back, wings, and tail, dufky, edged with olive green: fore part of the neck and breaft white: belly and vent pale yellow : legs blueifh. Inhabits Bengal. I am indebted to the drawings of Lady Im- Pracr. pey for the four laft defcribed. DeEscriPTion:,: Le Grimpereau gris de la Chine, Son. Vey. Ind. vol. ii. p..216. pl. 117. f. 3. Cio Je BARRED-TAIL, IZE of a Zitmoufe. Bill yellow: the top of the head, neck, RS back, and wings, are cinereous grey: throat, breaft, and belly, very pale rufous: quills dirty brown: tail compofed’ of ten fea- thers, and cuneiform in fhape ; the two middle ones are brown, : : 4 with DeEscRIPTION.- 534 CR © E BPE R with a black band at the end; the others grey, with a curved band of black near the tip: legs yellow. Puace. Inhabits China. 62. Certhia melanura, Sparrm. Mu/f. Carl/, pl. 5. BLACK-TAIL- ED CR. ENGTH feven inches. Bill black: head and back violet : DeEscriPTIoN. breaft and belly inclining to green: wing coverts brown, margined with olive; fome of the quills have the outer margins greenifh: tail pretty long, a little forked in fhape, and black : legs black: claws yellow. Pract. ~ Inhabits the Cape of Good Hope. GENUS , z aap , %, ¥ \ ‘ Grey ; ts . - i oy : r uf * ba" Ve, i : | ot gat tt Soler ai | + ry eu Sg Paver ea gl g ps sR a ice a hic. Caer es q Pe oa neve eR * . ; int band yen cinta RS aE fi 7 . Pir ae f . 4 f pay re ie, Oe +3 3 Bs SPB Ey : n ? 4 a OPO x y a hires iM iy 13} ee * : q " + r e ‘ ik : “a ! ve 7 : oi oH ; , pact mr % } Spas Satie ¢ a , : 4 re doh A =e 2 f J x 1 ve au eG _ 5m ay on “a fe 4 y Sait ey oa } : 7 ti kodl ales Me tec j ‘ wae: We ‘ 1 ; vai " " . 5 / Ue bP ie 7 * ly ly oapenhtree yy ~ if * ’ ‘ ‘ k ] ‘ ‘ rt; i . te ¥ r 1) . ¢ Ta , i ‘st . A y (we - } j eee 2 ee eee IES GX é y rex siiiane f ) A Ue rlequen y Pile IU ng lh VA C 135 J Genus XXIX. HUMMING BIRD. N° 61. Patch-necked H. B: IZE of the others. Upper parts of the body brownifh green: 18, throat and fore part of the neck green: breaft and belly vio- Nines a R. let : vent white: tail as in the two others of this fpecies. In the collection of Colonel Davies. Harlequin Humming Bird, Gen. Syn. ii. p. 760. N° 20. oe HARLEQUIN MONG the drawings of Colonel Davies, I obferve one of H. B. thefe which meafures full five inches. The colours of the Pr. CXI- plumage are much the fame as before defcribed, except that be- neath the black at the back part of the neck is a narrow band of blue green: the wing coverts and upper part of the back incline to green; and the under part of the tail verges to purple. The plate herewith given is a good reprefentation. Ruffed Humming Bird, Aré. Zool. ii. N° 377. 56. RUFF-NECKED Tus fpecies is called, at Nootka Sound, Safinneér Safin*. HB. 61. PATCH-NECK- IZE of the Red-throated Humming Bird. Bill long, flender, ED H.B. black; the crown of the head, taking in the eyes, hind partof pascrrprion, * Cook’s Laft Voy, ii. p. 297. and Append: the 3 HUMMING BIRD. the neck, upper part of the body, wings, and tail, are deep brown: irides, fore part of the neck, and all beneath, white: fides of the neck marked with dufky fpots; befides which is a glofly crimfon patch, almoft as big as a fare: legs black. Defcribed from the drawings of Sir 4. Lever. ORDER bosg7 Ornper IN. .P A S.S ER LN E, Ger NF UPS Oa ESS AD | ROE Common Stare, Gen. Syz. ili, p. 2. N° 1.—dr&. Zool. ii. p. 331. A. Sturnus vulgaris, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 25.—Faun. Arag. p. 84. NHABITS Europe, as high as Salten, in the diocefe of Dron- theim, in Norway ; and in great numbers in Nez/fue Helgeland, in Feroe, and in Iceland*. In thenorth of England is called Chepfter, and Chep-Starling t. Silk Stare, Gen. Syx. iii. p. 10. N° 8. ENGTH eight inches. Bill purplifh red, the end dufky : the whole head and fore part of the neck yellowifh white, in- clined to dufky on the crown: upper part of the body fine pale afh-colour : wings and tail glofly black; bafe of the quills white, forming a fpot on the outer part of the wing: baftard wing white: tail two inches and a half long, even at the end: the under parts of the body of the fame colour as the upper, but paler, and ap- proaching to white at the vent: legs reddith, or pale yellow. The female is brown where the male is black: the crown of the head is black ; forehead mixed black and white; fides of the head and behind the eye white: the back as in the ma/e: wings glofly ‘ * ArG, Zool, + Mr. Tunfall. Supp. ar brown, I. + COMMON STARE. 3S. SILK STARE. DeEscRIPTION, Mace. FsMALE. PLACE. ST. Ae RoE. brown, inclining to afh-colour; bafe of the quills not white: rump white: tail as the quills, the tips of the feathers white for a quarter of an inch, but deeper on the inner webs; the outer feather plain: legs brown. I met with both the above in the collection of Sir Jofeph Banks, who received them, about two years fince, from China. Mr. Tunfiall informs me, that he had a male bird a confiderable time alive in his smenagery, and that it had all the actions of the com- mon Séarling. GENUS Genus SOOM: “EEE RoW) Si N* 123. Margined Thr. N° 127. Perfian Thr. 124. Hudfonian Thr. 1328. Dauma Thr. 125. New York Thr. _ 129. Orange-headed Thr. 126, Gingi Thr. 130. Blacix and Scarlet Thr. Throttle, Gen. Syx. iii, p. 18.—Ar&, Zool, ii, p. 342. Co. 2, Turdus muficus, Faun. Arag. p. 85. + THROSTLE, Turdus iliacus minor, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 23. 1X the north is fometimes heard to fing in the month of Decem- ber*., Little Thrush, Gen. Syz. tii. p. 20. N° 5.—Ar&.. Zool, ii. N° 201. _LEFTLE THR. THIS fpecies is found in Famaicat. Redwing, Gen. Syz. ili. p. 22. N° 7.—Ar&. Zool. ii. p. 342. D. Jone Turdus iliacus, Faun. drag. p. 84.—Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 21. + REDWING. UCH numbers of thefe birds, Zhroftles, and Fieldfares, are killed for the market in Polifh Pruffia, that excife was paid at Dantzxick for thirty thoufand pairs, befides what were fmugeled, or paid duty in other places f. &@ Mr, Tunfall, + 4rd. Lal, elds T 2 Kamt(chatka. 140 FA. KAMTSCHAT- KA THR. Px. inFrontifpiece. 20. PAGODA THR. TE SRS cb Kamtfchatka Thruth, Gez. Syz. ili. p. 28.—-4ré. Zool, it. p. 343. E. HIS is, without doubt, the fame bird with my Ruby-zhroat Warbler, vol. iv. p. 463. Pagoda Thruth, Gen. Syz. iii. p. 30. N° 20. HAVE met with feveral of thefe in drawings from Ivdia and China, but they feem to differ both in fize and markings ; moft of them have a long black creft, and the fpace round the eye bare: the colour of the back and wing coverts blue grey: the whole of the neck, breaft, and belly, of a brownifh rufous-colour; the neck feathers ftreaked down the middle with white: the quills and tail black ; the outer feathers of the laft tipped with white. In fome fpecimens the neck and breaft are plain rufous: the ' back, wings, and tail, light grey: quills black.—In my former Zils MALABAR THR. defcription, the bird is faid to be fcarcely bigger than a Sparrow ; but the above birds are nearly as large as a Starling. ‘They are chiefly kept in cages, on account of their fong, and are known by the name of Powee. Malabar Thruth, Gen. Syn. iii. p. 30. FIIS feems rather fmaller than the laft, and is greatly fimilar in the markings: the length feven inches. It chiefly differs 4) the head being of the famecolour as the body, and not furnifhed with a creft. Itis alfo called Powee, and kept in cages as the laft. Ihave my doubts, whether it is a diftinct fpecies. 5 Reed Ae, HA OR SS EL. Reed Thruth, Gez. Syn. ili. p. 32. N® 28, Junco, Sepp -Vog. pl. in p. HE nett, as figured by Sepp, is compofed of the tops of reeds, mixed with very fine fibres. The eggs are five in number, of a yellowifh white, fpotted with brown, and rather bigger than thofe of a Sparrow, Chinefe Thrush, Gen. Syz. iii. p. 35..N° 32. = HIS, as well as the Crying Thrufb, inhabits India. Called at Bengal the Five Brothers, being for the moft part feen in fmall flocks of five together. Blackbird, Gen. Syx. iii. p. 43 N° 46.—4r&. Zool. ii. p. 345. I. Turdus merula, Faun. Arag. p.85.—Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 17. S OMETIMES heard finging before Chrifimas. Ring Ouzel;. Gen. Syx. iii. p. 46. N° 49.—Ar&. Zool. ii. p. 46. N° 49. Turdus torquatus, Faux. Arag. p. 85. : HIS bird is met with in Europe, as high as Lapmark, but does not inhabit either Raffa or Sidiria. Itis perhaps more com- mon with us than is fuppofed, being frequently miftaken for the Blackbird. ¥s feldom met with, except in fpriig and autumn, when thefe birds are on their journey backwards and forwards to other places; at which times they may be feen in fmall flocks of five or Gx ; EAT 28. REED THR, 33: CHINESE THR. : 46. <- BLACKBIRD. 49- + RING OU- ZEL, 142 Oo. WATER OU: ZEL. (pie WHITE-TAIL- ED THR. 52. ROSE-CO- LOURED THR. 53. BLUE THR. TP oR US Bh fix; and, when difturbed, fly out of a hedge, one by one,, making a chattering noife, whereby the obferving ornithologift will eafily diftinguifh them from Blackbirds. One killed in September laft had its craw full of bawthorn berries. Water Ouzel, Gen. Syn. iil. p. 48. N° 50.—-4r&. Zool. ii. p. 332. B. Sturnus cinclus, Faux, Arag. p.84.—Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 25. OUND in Europe, as high as Feroe and Finmark*; in the Ruffian empire, as far as Kamt/chatka; in Chriftianfoe and Norway ; alfo in Jutland; but only in the winter feafon t. White-tailed Thrufh, Gez. Syz. iii. p.49..N° 51. pl. 38. Corvus totus niger et rectricibus bafi albis, Fava. Arag. p-7 2s. TH IS fpecies is found in Aragonia, in Spain. Rofe-coloured Thrufh, Gez. Syz. ii. p. 50. N°52.——4rd. Zool. ti. p. 344. Gor XTENDS to India. Sir Fofeph Banks is in poffeffion of one of this fpecies, which was brought from Boméay.. Blue Thrush, Gen. Sya. iil. p. 51. N° 53% HIS probably inhabits India, as I met with one, which ap= peared to me as the feyale, among the drawings of Lady Tnepey. @ Arh, Loole § Brunch Shining: T H.R US A. Shining Thruth, Gen, Syz, iii. p. 50. N° 60.A. HIS bird correfponds fo very nearly with the Blue and Greex Daw of Edw. pl. 320. that I have fcarce a doubt of its be- ing the fame. White-fronted Thruth, Gen. Sy. iii. p. 71. N° gi. A. HIS bird inhabits New Zealand, and is faid to be very tame and familiar. Yellow-crowned Thruth, Ger. Syz, iii. p. 74. N° 96.—Brown Illufirs p. 50. pl. 2z. Ceylonefe Starling, Gen. Syz. iii. p. 11. N° 11. HAVE the greateft reafon to think that this and the Ceylonefe Starling are one and the fame fpecies. Turdus Africanus, Facq. Vog. p. 29. t. 14. IZE of a Blackbird. Bill yellow; pcint black: general co- lour of the plumage black: the fore part of the neck, breaft, and belly, margined with rufous brown ; towards the vent with white: the edge of the wings, and the legs, pale. Inhabits Africa. Hudfonian Thruth, 4rd. Zool. ii. N° 204. Lev. Mu/: ¥ ENGTH feven inches and ahalf. Bill black: general co- lour of the plumage deep blueifh afh : crown, nape, wing co- un verts, 143 60. SHINING THR. Var. A. gl. WHITE- FRONTED THR. Var. A. 96. YELLOW- CROWNED THR, 123. MARGINED THR. DEscrIPTION. PLacE. 124. 4- HUDSONIAN THR. DESCRIPTION, 144 PLACE. 125. NEW YORK THR. DESORIPTION. PLACE. 126. GINGI THR. DescriPTioNn. Puaer. - T:H R-U-4S,-H. verts, and primaries, more or lefs edged with pale chefnut : coverts of the tail of the fame colour; the tail itfelf deep ath, rounded at the end: legs black. Inhabits Hud/on’s Bay.—I was favoured with a fpecimen from the fame place by Mr. Hutchins. New York Thruth, 4r@. Zool, N° 205. IZE of our Blackbird. Bill dufky, ftrong ; length of it half an inch: head, neck, and breaft, mottled with light ruft-colour and black: back very glofly, and the edges of the feathers ferru- ginous: from the bill, above and beneath each eye, extends to the hind part of the head a band of black: belly dufky: wings and tail black, gloffed with green: tail rounded: legs black. _ Appears in the province of New York the latter end of Odober, in its way from its more northern breeding place. Le petit Martin de Gingi, Sox. Voy. Ind. ii. ps 194- IZE of a Thrujo. Bill yellow: irides red: head black, and a little crefted : from the bafe of the upper mandible a bare yel- low fpace, which reaches beyond the eye: the neck, back, rump, and belly, are grey: wing coverts and feccnd quills greenifh; the greater ones have the bafe half pale rufous, from thence to the end black: the tail black, the ends rufous; this laft colour deepeft on the outer feathers: the under coverts pale rufous: legs yel- low. Inhabits the coatt of Coromandel, BIGGER hei pe Ut eS Eb. IGGER than the Exglij/h Blackbird, but not unlike it: length sieved inches. Bill an inch and a half long, orange-colour, rather ftouter than in the Blackbird, and a trifle more bent; the bafe befet with a few hairs: general colour of the plumage black: beneath the eye a white dot: wings brown: primaries black: belly and vent afh-colour: tail even at the end, two inches and a half long: legs and claws dull yellow. Defcribed from the drawings of Lady Jmpey ; {aid to have come from Perfia. It is ranked among the finging birds. ILL dufky : cheeks white: crown, hind parts of the neck, and back, brown, marked with curved black fpots: leffer wing coverts black, chequered with white: outmoft primary black ; the reft of them rufty brown, tipped with afh: fore part of the neck, breaft, and belly, white, barred with curved black marks: tail dufky : legs yellowith. Inhabits Jmdia.—Lady Impey. It is called Cowal, from its note imitating that word. Gorges fruit till torpid, and, after a time, flings up the ftones. The Emperor forbids his army to oe the field when this bird appears. ENGTH eight inches and a half. Bill dufky: head, neck, breaft, and belly, orange: back, wings, and tail,-grey : vent white: on the leffer wing coverts a fpot of the fame: legs whitifh, Inhabits Jndia.—Lady Impey. Supru. U SIZE 145 127. PERSIAN THR. Disceierion, IPratciey, 128. DAUMA THR. DescriIPprTion. PLACE. 129. ORANGE- HEADED THR. DESCRIPTION: Place, 146 © HRs “BLACK AND GIZE of the Song-Zhrujb : length eight inches and a half. Bill SCARLET THR. dufky black, a little bent at the tip: the head, neck, upper DESCRIPTION. part of the back, leffer wing coverts, prime and fecond quills, and . two middle tail feathers, black: the under parts of the body from the throat, the lower part of the back, the middle wing co-. verts, and the reft of the tail feathers, a rich deep fcarlet: there are alfo three fpots of the fame near the tips of three of the fecond quills : the tail is rounded in fhape: the legs black. PLACE. Inhabits India.—Lady Impey. ee Genus XXXII. CHATTERER. 10. Red-winged Ch. Br. Mu. HIS is full the fize of a Lark in the body: length feven inches and a half. Bill black, notched at the tip; the Description. length, to the gape, three quarters of an inch; but the feathers come remarkably forward over the noftrils: the general colour of the plumage is blue black, with a glofs of polithed fteel: the leffer wing coverts of a moft beautiful crimfon; the loweft order of a reddith yellow: the tail is four inches long: legs black. Phace. Inhabits Africa. TO, RED-WINGED CH. GENUS_ [ 347 ] Gruss Sexi, Cy Ora SY. N° 6. Green C. N° 7. Indian C. remo SIZE of the Redwing Thrufh: length more than twelve inches, GREEN C. Bill black: forehead, and edges of the eyelids, covered with Description. black velvet-like feathers: whole plumage of a deep glofly green: quills and tail dufky; the laft cuneiform, and feven inches and a quarter in length. Inhabits New Holland.—Communicated by Mr. Pennant. PLACE. 510 ENGTH fourteen inches. Bill black; bafe of both mandi- _1NPIAN C- bles of a dullred: the lore, and a fpace round the eye, of the Desa ttae fame colour: the crown of the head and hind part of the neck pale cinereous grey : forehead and chin yellow: fides, front of the neck, and all beneath, pale rufous, paleft at the vent: back, wings, and tail, cinereous lead colour; the laft greatly cuneiform in fhape, and feven inches in length: legs red: claws black. Inhabits vdia. From the drawings of Captain Paserfon. Pracn. U 2 GENUS 2. = WHITE- WINGED CROSSBILL. 4. «~~ HAWFINCH. ie +- PINE GR. C m8 J. Genus XXXIV. GROSBEAK, N° 86. Afh-headed Gr. N° 88. Flamingo Gr. 87. Eaftern Gr. 89. Totty Gr. White-winged Crofsbill, Gen. Syz. iii. p. 108. N°z. Crofsbill, 44. Zool. ii. N° 208. R. Hutchins informs me, that aCro/sdill, which is moft likely this fort, comes to Hudfon’s Bay in March; and in May builds a neft of grafs, mud, and feathers, generally about half way up a pine-tree, and lays five white eges, marked with yellowifh fpots. The young fly about the end of Fume. It flays till the end of November, after which it difappears; fuppofed to retire in- land. It is known there by the name of Aftchau Achafbifh.. Hawfinch, Gen. Syn. iii. p. 109. N° 4.—4r&.. Zool. ii. p. 354. C. Loxia coccothrauttes; Faun. drag. p. 85.~—Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 137+. N Sepp’s figure of the wef of this bird, it appears to be of a very loofe texture, and carelefsly made. It is placed on an oak. The eggs of a pale purple, fpotted with brown. Pine Grofbeak, Gen. Syn. iii. p. 111. N° 5.—Ar&. Zool. 11. N° 209. HIS fpecies inhabits North America: not unfrequent at Hud- fon’s Bay from April to September, frequenting the groves of ” pines and junipers; makes a neft in the trees, in May, with fticks,. lined: GRO Aah Baki rA Ths -Fined with feathers, ata {mall height from the ground. Theeses are four in number, and white. The young are hatched the mid- dle of Fuze. Though this bird, when adult, is beautiful in. co- tour, the young brood for fome time remain of a plain dull blue. The natives of the Bay cali it Wu/cunithow *. Mr. Pennant obferves, that he has feen them in the pzne foretts, neat Juvercauld, in the county of Aberdeen, in Scotland, in ihe month of Auguft; and therefore fufpects that they breed there }. Cape Grofbeak, Gen. Syx. ili. p. 113. N° 7- Wes Sparrman, in his voyage, after talking of being treated with a rare and delicate dith of broiled Sparrows (Loxia ca- penfis, Lin.f) adds, that they do much damage to the corn fields ; and that at the appreach of fummer, they always change their yellow for a blood-red hue. Goldbacked Grofbeak, Gen. Syz. iil. p. 115. N°g. R. Lunfiall informs me, that he has two or three times been in poffefion of this fpecies, and in particular had once a pair of them together. The female was of a dark brown. The cocks changed twice in ayear, and in winter were nearly of the ca-- lour of the hews. One of the cocks lived nine or ten years, and died not long fince. Neither of them had what could be called a fone. * Mr. Hutchins. + Ara. Zool. t Yoy. i. p.174.—Should not this rather be Loxia orix, Lin. which is of a. beautiful red colour in fummer, and of a plain afh-colour in the winter feafon ? ; 7 Cardinal 149 + CAPE GRi g. GOLD-BACKED: Gi. HE CARDINALGR. 15. MADAGASCAR FINe 19. PARADISE GR. GOR OCS eB BNA OK: Cardinal Grofbeak, Gen. Syz. ili, ps 118. N° 13.—4r&. Zool, ii. N° 210, Relation of Mr. Zunjtall’s had a pair of thefe birds, which built a neft in an orange-tree placed in the aviary, and laid egos; but while the hen was fitting, an high wind blew down the neft, whereby the eggs were broke: young birds were found in them. Madagafcar Grofbeak, Gen. Syn. iii. p. 119. N° 15. HIS beautiful fpecies inhabits India: but in the drawings of Lady Impey, which afcertain the circumftance, the bill is white: the head, neck, back, breaft, and belly, are of a full crimfon: the greater part of the wings-and tail brown. Whereas, in that defcribed by Briffon*, the middle of each feather of the back is dafhed with brown, and a black mark between the bill and eye. It is known in India by the name of the Common Totty. Paradife Grofbeak, Gen. Syn. iii. p. 122. N° 14. R. Tunfiall has twice been fuccefsful in hatching young ones of this fpecies in his aviary, each time bringing one to per- fection. One of them lived a week, the other a fortnight; but they were forfaken by the mother at laft; fuppofed to have hap- pened from being too much difturbed. While the hen was fit- - ting, if any one looked on her, it threw her into ftrange agita- tion, writhing herfelf into a form almoft horrid, and feeming to * Vol. iii, p. 112. 4 be GuROOS 7B. OAK. be falling into convulfions. The cock frequently fang, and would do it almoft at command, but in fo low a note, as fcarce to be heard, except quite clofe to the cage. Dominican Grofbeak, Gen. Syz. iii. p. 123. N° 20. J With pleafure give way to the fentiments of my attentive friend Mr. Tunftall, when he informs me, that he has had both the Dominican and Crefted Grofbeak in his poffeffion, and is of opinion that they are feparate fpecies. Of the firft, he has had feveral, fome of which have lived many years, but never could afcertain the cocks from the fens; nor did any of them attempt to fing in the leaft. As to the Creffed one, it feemed to differ both in manners and fize, and is a much fcarcer bird; never more than three known at the time he had his. It lived with him at leaft fourteen years, and appeared worn out with age, and died in the time of moult. Tt now and then called out, but never had what might be termed a fong. Java Grofbeak, Gez. Syz. ili. p. 129- N° 29- HAVE my fufpicions, that the want of white on the cheeks is not the characteriftic mark of the female, but is more probably the effect of immature age, as I met lately with a number of thefe in a cage juft imported, wherein the ufual white fpace on the cheeks was mottled brown and white, appearing as if in the change towards perfection, Mr. Zunftall has alfo obferved a fi- milar circumftance in a bird in his own collection, Green 151 20. DOMINICAN cS 29. + JAVA GR. 552 Gs ROOTES BE AUG 36. Green Grofbeak, Gen. Syn. ili. p..134. Ne 36. GREEN GR. ‘Loxia Chloris, Brun, N° 242, 243.—Faun. Arag. 9.86.—Sepp Yog. pl. in P*73- | T has been faid, and I believe upon pretty good authority, that this bird has produced with the Canary-Bird. MALACCA GR. Malacca Grofbeak, Gez. Syx. ill. p. 141. Var. A. [NHABITS India: known there by the name of Mangul. I. Cc he . iil. . 36 2 ° BULFINCH. tae ae eee Yog. pl. in p. 133. RUNNICH* mentions two varieties, the one larger than the other. Mr. Tunfiall has feveral times attempted to breed thefe birds, but did not fucceed ; the cock, for the moft part, falling a victim to the fury of his mate. 61. Thick-billed Grofbeak, Gen. Syn. iii. p. 148. N° 61. THICK-BILLED GR, N the Leverian Mufeum is a bird anfwering to this defcription, with the addition of a beautiful crimfon crown, indented on the back part, not unlike that of the Blwe-backed Manakin}. * Orn, p.67. + Spyz volriv. p. 520. Hamburgh Ghore @: s° bE A XK. Hamburgh Grofbeak, Gen: Syz. iiis p. 149. N° 64. FROM the information given me, concerning this bird, by Mr. Zunftall, 1 have good reafon to fuppofe it nothing elfe than our Mountain or Tree Finch. The above gentleman, inquili- tive to know what this bird really was, fent on purpofe to a friend at Hamburgh for a fpecimen; when, to his aftonifhment, the bird fent proved no other than the Tree Sparrow; nor could he learn that any other, more likely to prove the bird in queftion, which he meant to have, exifted thereabouts; and, to fay the truth, the defcriptions of both agree greatly upon paper, however Briffon and Alvin may have thought to the contrary. Black-bellied Grofbeak, Gen. Syn. iti. p. 155. N° 75. DO not recollect feeing this bird, except in Mr. Tunftall’s col- leGtion. He informs me, that it lived with him for fome time, and moulted twice ina year. In winter it was brown. Afiatic Grofbeak, Gen, Syn. iil. p. 155. N° 76. ENGTH feven inches. Bill ftout, a little bent; the colour reddifh orange, with a dufky point: irides red: the whole of the head is black: the upper part of the neck, body, and leffer wing coverts, blueifh afh-colour ; beneath, afh-colour, but paler, inclining to orange under the wings: the greater wing coverts, quills, and tail, black; the laft forked in thape: the prime quills, fecondaries, and two of the middle tail feathers, tipped with white: legs red. ) , SUPPL. xX Defcribed 155" 64. HAMBURGH GR. UE PLACK-BEL- LIED GR. CAE Var. A. ASIATIC GR. DESCRIPTION. ¥b4. PLACE, 77: BROWN- CHEEKED GR. 80. FASCIATED ‘GR, 84. DWARF GR. Gi Ri QS; BE) Ar Kk; Defcribed from fome fine drawings done in China, in poffeffion of Sir Fofeph Banks. Brown-cheeked Grofbeak, Gen, Syn. iii. p.155. N° 77 AS in the fame collection with the laft but one, for fome time. It proved a very lively pretty bird, but was not ob- ferved to change the colour of the plumage at any feafon. Fafciated Grofbeak, Gen. Syn. iil. p. 156. N° 80. HE bird here mentioned was alive, in the pofleffion of Mr. Tunftall, for a confiderable time ; after which he prefent- ed it toa friend. J never heard of a fecond fpecimen in any col- lection. Dwarf Grofbeak, Gen. Syn. iii. p. 158. N° 84. Loxia minima, Facg. Vog. p. 28. N° 13. Lev. Muf. _ HIS is a common bird both in India and ee I have ob- ferved the following differences : One in the Leverian Mufeum, three inches and a half in length. The general colour olive brown: the under parts cinereous white: between the bill and eye yellowifh, as is the edge of the wing = bill and legs black. In a fecond, in Lady Jmpey’s drawings, the body and tail are brown: rump, breaft, and belly, white: bill dufky: legs very Pale. ne SIZE GROS BEAK, @IZE fmall. Bill blue: head and neck flaty afh-colour: back, wings, and tail, dufky; the laft tipped with white: breaft and belly dirty white: legs blue, Inhabits India.—Lady Impey. 155 86. “ASH-HEADED GR. DESCRIPTION. PLacsg. 87. IZE of the Cowry Grofbeak: length fix inches. Bill dufky, EASTERN GR. fhort, and ftout, as inthe Bulfinch: head, neck, and back, red brown; beneath, from the breaft, white, undulated with dufky : vent yellowifh: tail pale reddifh afh-colour: legs dufky. I met with this among fome drawings from the Ea/f, in the col- lection of Mrs. Wheeler ; but whether inhabiting India or China, it was not certain. Loxia Flamengo, Sparmm. Mu/f. Carl/. pl. 17: ILL reddifh, furrounded at the bafe with feathers tipped with black: forehead and {pace round the eyes white: the reft of the head above fine rofe-colour: fides of the head and neck the fame, but deeper: fore part of the neck, breaft, and belly, pale rofe-colour : the third and fourth quills black: the tips of the lower order of wing coverts dufky, forming a bar of the fame on the wing: on the rump a fpot of black : the upper furface of the tail pale foot-colour: the reft of the body, viz. back, thighs, un- der part of the tail, and the reft of the wing, white: legs fangui- neous. This is faid to be of the fize and ftature of the Bulfinch, and the probability of its being a variety of that bird is likewife hinted : xX 2 but DeEscripPTi0N: PLACE. 88. FLAMINGO GR. DeEscRIPTION: 89. TOTTY GR. DeEscRIPTION, PLACE. GyR? OFS ce BiE a Ay Ke but as the figure in the plate is of the natural fize, and meafures: very little fhort of eight inches in length, it can f{carcely be a va- riety of the Bulfizch, which does not meafure fix. This fpecimen was caught at Up/al, in Sweden, alive, and was kept a whole year in acage, but did not alter the colour during the time of its con= finement. Loxia totta, Sparrm. Muf. Carl/, pl. 18. ENGTH four inches. Bill nearly white: forehead greenifh, brown: the crown of the head, hind part of the neck, fpace. between the fhoulders, and upper wing coverts, teftaceous brown: the under parts of the body brownifh white: the quills and tail black, and all the feathers of both tipped with white; the tail a trifle forked at the end: fhins yellowifh: feet black. Found in the Hottentots country, in the neighbourhood of the Cape of Good Hope. Yt is met with alfo in India, as I find it,, with very little difference, among the drawings of Lady Impey. it is known in the laft place by the name of Zo/ry. Genus { 157 ] - Genus XXXV. B.U N T I'N G. N° 64. Maelby B. N°’ 65. Gaur B. Snow Bunting, Gen. Syx. ili. p. 161. N°1.—4r&. Zool, ii. N° 222. re + SNOW B. HIS is known at Hud/on’s Bay by the name Wapathecu- Sipe. Ortolan Bunting, Gen. Syx, iii. p. 166. N°5.—4r@. Zool. ii. p. 367. D. 5. Emberiza hortulana, Brun, p.68.—Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 145- ORTOLAN B. ‘Tu E neft, as figured by Sepp, is compofed of dry bents, mixed with leaves. The eggs are of a very pale purple, dafhed with minute dufky fpecks. Yellow Bunting, Gen. Sy2 iii, p. 170. N° 7.—4r&. Zool..ii. p. 367. C. 7. Emberiza citrinella, Brun. N° 249, 250.—Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 115.—Faun. + YELLOW 6B. Arag. p. 86. HIS fpecies is found as far north as Sondmor ; in Ruffia, and the welt of Szdiriz; but none in the wilds of the Ea. Reed Bunting, Gen. Sym. iii. p. 173. N° g.—Ar&. Zool: ii. p. 368. E. 5. Emberiza fcheniclus, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 8. +- REED B. HIS is common in the fouth of Rufia and Sidivia, 1 fhould fappofe that it varies the method of placing the neft: it is ufually 458 37+ BLACK- THROATED B. BUN TF YN. G ufually fattened to four reeds; but in Sepp’s plate it is in the fork of atree near the ground. Black-throated Bunting, Gez. Sy. ill p. 197. N° 37. pl. 44.—Aré. Zool. Ne 228. pl. 17. Bird was defcribed to me by Mr. Hutchins, very fimilar to this, if not the fame. The length feven inches and a half; breadth thirteen and a half; weight from ten drams to thirteen _and a half, Troy. Bill black: forehead yellowith, paffing over the eye in a ftreak: between the bill and eye black, paffing be- neath the eye, and ending in a patch below the ear: above the forehead a black crefcent, the horns turning backwards: crown and upper parts of the plumage brown: quills tipped with white : tail coverts reddifh brown: the two middle tail feathers brown ; the three next on each fide black, edged with pale brown at the tip; the next white on the outer web; and the outer one white, both the outer web and tip: the throat is yellow, with a triangu- lar mark of black in the middle: belly and vent blueifh white : legs black. PLACE. This frequents Had/on’s Bay, where it is called Outatapafeu. Its note at all times merely a chirp. It builds there, making the neft on the ground ; and lays four or five white eggs, fpotted with black. It appears at times in fmall flocks, often accompanying the Gee/e; and at other times feen with the Svow Buntings. White- BN © oF NG Bete a White-crowned Bunting, Gev.. Syn. iii. p. 200. N° 44.—Ar&, Zool, ii. N° 221, 44. WHITE- , ] ‘HIS bird is called at Hudfon’s Bay by the name of Cufabata- CROWNED B. Joifo. At has a melodious fong when perched, but in flight it is filent *. Black-crowned Bunting, Gea. Syz. iil. p. 202. N° 49.——Ar&.. Zool, ii. BLeCK O22 CROWNED B, N Cook’s laft voyage, I find an obfervation concerning this bird, viz. that the male was black on the upper part of the breaft: that the female had alfo black on the breaft, but no fpot of yellow on the crown. Cinereous Bunting, Var. Gen. Syn. iii. p. 204. N°5.—4r@. Zool. N° 233. 5h. Var. A.. HE bill in this bird is yellow: head, back, and wings, ruft- CINEREOUS B.. coloured, each feather deeply and elegantly edged with pale D#s¢Rrrrion.. grey : fome of the greater coverts edged with paler ruft; prima- ries and tertials with white: throat, breaft, and fides, white, fully fpotted with ruft: middle of the belly white: middle feathers of the tail brown; exterior white, each feather truncated obliquely. Inhabits New York. ‘ Pracs, Painted Bunting, Gen. Sy. iil. p. 206, N° 54.—dré. Zool. ii. N° 226. 54. + PAINTED B. H AVE hitherto doubted that this bird had bred in England ;. but Mr. Tunffall affures me to the contrary. Two pairs have. * Mr, Auichins, + Vol. it, p. 379, made ou o 64. MAELBY B. DescRIPTION. 65. GAUR B. DESCRIPTION. PLACE, BYU eN; tf 1 N 3G: made nefts and laid eggs in the orange-trees, in a menagery ef a relation of his, at Holderne/s, in York/bire; butin this inftance the young were not hatched. ‘The above gentleman has kept many, but feems to think that they gain their full plumage fooner than the third year. Emberiza maelbyenfis, Sparr. Mu/f: Carlf. N° 21. IZE of aYellowbammer. Bill and legs pale rufous: the eye- lids, fpot between the bill and eye, the chin, upper part of the throat, and fides of the neck and vent, dufky white: forehead, crown, lower part of the neck before, and upper part of the breaft, blueifh afh-colour: lower part of the breaft, belly, and thighs, fer- ruginous: back ferruginous, marked with acute black fpots : wing coverts black, edged with ferruginous: under wing coverts brimftone: quills dufky, with pale ferruginous margins: tail fea- thers ten in number, black ; the four outer ones, half way from the tips, white, the outer margins black. The above was met with in Sweden, at Maelby, a feat of Count Carlfon, in Sodermanland™. SIZE fmall: length four inches anda half. Bill pale rofe-co- lour: head, neck, back, breaft, and belly, cinereous, paleft beneath: wings and tail brown, with paler edges: legs pale blue. Inhabits the Zaft Indies, and is called Gaur.—Lady Impey. * T have my doubts whether this is not related to our Pine Bunting, Synop/ts, -vol, iii. p. 203. N° go. being a female, or young bird, of that {pecies. 7 GENUS ff 1614 Genus XXXVI. TAN A GER. N° 45. Capital T. Olive Tanager, Ge. Syx. ii. p.218. N° 4.—4r&. Zool, ii, Ne 237. Lev. Mauf. ENGTH fix inches. Bill black: upper parts of the olive green: beneath, as far as the upper part of the belly, of a fine yellow : lower belly and vent white: from the bill, pafling over the eye, a ftreak of white; and a fecond in the direction of the lower jaw: tail longifh, and even at the end: legs black. The native place of the above is uncertain; but I fufpect it to be a mere variety of the Olive Tanager. Chinefe Tanager, Gez. Syn, iii. p. 229. N° 23. Chinefe Finch, Gen. Syx. p.277? MUCH fufpecé that the bird defcribed by this name is no other than the female of my Chinefe Finch; but as the bill in Colonel Davies's fpecimen feems to be that of a Tanager, I thould think it better to range what is faid in both places under this genus. Rufous-throated Tanager, Gen. Syz. iii. p. 241. N® 37. Fringilla rufo-barbeta, Facg. Vog. p.11. N°8. "THE general colour of this bird is glofly black, with the chin rufous: fpace between the bill and eye deep black. Supp. YG This Ae OLIVE T. Var. A. DESCRIPTION. 23. CHINESE T. RUFOUS- THROATED T. Descriprion. 162 PEACE 45. CAPITAL T. Px, CXII. DEscRIPTION. T AN AGE R This is faid to be found in plenty at Martinico, and others of: the Caribbee iflands, and to feed on feeds, erafs, fruits, and in- fects. I-have not a doubt of its being the fame with my Rzfous=. throated Tanager, though the fize is not mentioned.. Lev. Mu/fs ENGTH five inches. Bill ftout, and of a dufky flefh-- colour: the head, threat, and all the fore part of the neck,, as far as the breaft, black: the upper half of the neck behind, the. fides of it, and all the under parts, of a fine yellow, inclining to. orange on the breaft: the reft of the bird pale olive-green: wings. and tail darker, edged with yellow: legs flefh-colour. I met with this among the drawings of Sir d/@ton Lever. Nas. tive place uncertain. GeENu § Jel @).G0Ee : ae Cupelal IWHAIEE 0 {eae 0 ‘Genus XXXVI. F IN C H. N° 97. Yellow-throated F. N° 101. Oker F. 98. Lovely F. 102. Teftaceous F. gg. Carthagena F. _ 103. Rufty-coloured F. 100. Imperial F. 104. Nootka F. Houfe Sparrow, Ger. Syz. iii. pEZ4se N° 1.—4rG. Zool. ii. p. 382. G. Fringilla domeftica, Brun, N° 264, 265.—Szpp Vog. pl. in p. 77.—Faun. Arag. p. 87. ips ace Sparrows ate notuncommon, but all which I have feen have been of a dull colour. > Mr. Tunftall mentions one which came under his infpection, which was of as deep and glofly a black as that of a Crow. Mr. Sparrman, in his account of the Carlfonian Mufeum, defcribes a Fitch * which was wholly white, the bill and legs not excepted. This was probably a white Hou/e Sparrow, though he fays that the bill was fomewhat larger in pro- portion. Tree Finch, Gen. Syz, iii. p 252, N° 2.—Ard. Zool. ti, N° 246.. Fringilla montana, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 79. TTHE neft in the above author is placed in the hollow of a tree, _compofed of bents, mixed with a few feathers. The eggs five in number, of a pale brown, marked with fpots of deep brown. ? # N° 20. Y2 Mr. I. + HOUSE SPARROW, 2. +TREE FINCH. 164 Pace. eo BLACK. FACEDF., PLace, RING'SPAR. ROW, Pea Ne Cin Mr. Hutchins informs me, that this bird, or one greatly fimi- Jar, comes into Hudfon’s Bay in April, and departs in September. Is called by the Nepetherway Indians, Nepin apethafifo. We thinks it not unlikely, that my Mountain Finch, N° 16 *, may be the fame fpecies. His bird differs fomewhat in the placing, as well as the conftruétion, of the neft ; for it is made on the ground among the gra/s, and compofed of mud without, and /traw with- in, lined with foft hair or down, The eggs are the fame in num- ber and colour. my +”? Black-faced Finch, Gen, Syn. iil. p. 253. N° 3.—4rd, Zool. ii. N° 255. HE circumftance of the fecond figure, in P/. Enl. 181, being female to the other in the fame plate, feems to be doubted by Mr. Pennant tf. , The fuppofed female is certainly found in Carolina; the other probably only inhabits Cayenne. 1 am the lefs capable of judging, as neither of the birds in queftion has come under my infpection, Ring Sparrow, Gez. Syz. ill. p. 254. N° 4. R. Tunfeall informs me, that he had thefe birds living for fome time, but never could find that they had any cry or note. The ring on the breafts of fome was much brighter than in others, and probably fuch were the ma/e birds. ® See obfervations on the above bird in 4r@. Zool, vol. il. p. 373- + Ara, Zool, Chaffinch, Fel ON aC * Hi Chaffinch, Gez, Syz. ili. p. 257. N® 10.—-.fr@. Zool. ii. p. 381. Fa Fringilla celebs, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 141.—eF aun, drag. p. 87. HE Chafinch is fometimes feen with coal-black legs, fuch an one being fhot near London*. Called by fome, in the north of England, White Linnet and Flax-Finch; by othets, Spink ty from its cry. Gloffy Finch, Gen. Syn. iii. p. 267. N°z1. Var. A. Fringilla Athiops, Facg. Vog. p. 10. N°7. IZE and thape of a Chafinch. The irides of a rufous colour : the whole plumage, without exception, of adeep black. This is found in the woods of Carthagena. Its note very weak ; and to produce it, requires great exertion, as the head feathers, during the time of finging, as well as thofe of the neck, appear erect. It feeds on fruits and feeds, is eafily tamed, and when in a cage will eat bread. Cowpen Finch, Gen. Syz. iii. p. 269. N° 24.—4r&. Zool. ii. N° 2416 HE defcription in the Arétic Zoology fays, that the male has the head and neck dufky brown: back, wings, body, and tail, fine black, gloffed with green and biue. The female deep brown: breaft and belly light cinereous brown: chin white: wings and tail dufky, edged with brown. This fpecies arrives at New York in May; lays five eggs in Fune, and migrates fouthward in Augu/t. * Mr. Tunfall. + Can this be corrupted from the word Pingon ? Id. White- a 165 10. 4-CHAFFINCH. 21. Var. A. GLOSSY F. DESCRIPTION. PLace AND Mane NERS. 24. COWPEN F: DeEscRIPTION. Mare. FEMALE. PLacE. 166 MSZ. WHITE- THROATED F. ob ot AMBRICAN GOLDFINCH. 58. + SISKIN. iy TeN iC » Fi: White-throated Finch, Gen. Sy i. p. 272. N° 32.——4rG. Zool. it. N° 248. "THIS {pecies has been feen in fmall flocks at New York in Fa- nuary, and is met with in fummer in Newfoundland. Some of them have the orange fpot at the bafe of the bill very obfcure, and want the white fpot on the chin; from which circumftance fuch may be fuppofed to be females*. American Goldfinch, Gez. Syx. iil. p. 288. N°57.—4r&. Zool. ii. N® 242. HESE birds are moftly called York Yellows, as coming moftly from the neighbourhood of New York. Mr. Tunftall affares me, that having kept feveral of them, both male and female conttantly loft their yellow in the winter feafon, and became exactly of the colour of my var. B. of the Si/ein , and as conftantly recovered their original plumage in the {pring. Sifkin, Gen, Sy. iii. p, 289. N°58.— 4rd, Zool, ii. p. 383. I. Fringilla fpinus, Sepp Yog. pl. in p. 135. HE above author has delineated the neft in the fame plate with the bird. It is placed in the fork of a tree, compofed of dry bents mixed with leaves, and lined within with feathers of various colours, and very full of them. The eggs are three in number, of a longih form, and of a dull white. * Ar@. Zool. + ili, p. 291. Le Tarin de la Nouvelle York, Buf O// iv. p. 231.—P/. Eal. 292..f.1,.2. f Lepid tl anc” By Lepid Finch, Ge. Syx. iii. p. 299. N° 67; Fringilla lepida, Facg. Vog. p.7. N°5. pl. z. N Facquin’s figure of the bird, the plumage inclines much to green: the under parts from the breaft, and one or more of the outer tail feathers, white. It has alfo the fulvous ftreak above, but not beneath the eye: the chin is fulvous, furrounded by dufky black, and the breaft of the fame colour. The total length f{carcely four inches. Greater Redpole, Gen. Syz. iii. p. 304.— ENGTH five inches. General colour above, not unlike that of the Sand-Martin; beneath, cinereous white: tail long, and greatly forked. I met with this in the collection of Sir Fofeph Banks, fuppofed to have come from Ching. It is moft likely a variety, if not dif- ferent in fex, from the Ambergris Swallow, . Surprs. Cv: GENUS 193 9: AMBERGRIS SW. DEscRIPTIO“. PLACK. + EUROPEAN GC. 6. + VIRGINIA G. { 194 J Genus XLV. GOATS UCKER. N° 16. Bombay G. N° 17. Indian G. European Goatfucker, Gex. Syz.iv. p. 593. N° 5.—-Ar&. Zool. ii. p. 437. Av Caprimulgus europzxus, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 39.—Brun. N° 293.—=Faun. Arag. P- gl. "THIS fpecies is found all over Sidiria and Kamtfchatka. Ie lives not.only in forefts, but alfo in open countries, where it finds rocks or high banks for fhelter. Virginia Goatfucker, Gen. Sy. iv. p. 595. N°6.—Ar&. Zool, ti. N° 337- Long-winged Goatfucker, 4ré&. Zool. N° 337- HE fexes feem to vary in this bird, as in the European fpecies. One of thefe, prefented to me by Mr. Wavel, was eight inches in length: the fpot on the chin rather paler than the reft of the plumage, but by no means white: no fpot of white on either quills or tail feathers, by which I judge it to be the female, of which that defcribed by me is the male. It fhould feem to be the fame with the Mo/chito Hawk of Hud- fons Bay; but Mr. Hutchins’s manufcript makes it nine inches and _a half in length, twenty-three inches in breadth, and an ounce and three quarters when the bowels are taken out. It is known at Hudfon’s Bay by the name of Pay/k, or Peek, from the note, and is there migratory : faid to be very numerous in the interior parts, and feeds on mu/kitoes and flies. Sharps GO2 7 SHU IC EE RK. Sharp-tailed Goatfucker, Gen. Syz. iv. p. 600. Ne 1g. HE circumftance of the tail feathers of this bird being fharp at the ends, was omitted in the defcription given of it in the Synopfis. The fhafts of each feather are bare of webs at the tipsy as in the Thorn-tailed Warbler *® ;- but fhorter, as in the Aculeated Swallow tf. : Baffon obferves, that birds of this genus mix frequently with the Bats; which is not fingular, fince their appearance of mornings and evenings is at the fame hours, and the food of both precifely alike. I well remember meeting with the bodies of Cockchafers £ in the ftomach of the Hor/e-/hoe Bat ||; and, on further enquiry, found that the animal ate the body of that infec only, rejecting the other parts of it; as quantities of heads, corfelets, and wings, were found ftrewed on the ground about its haunts. IZE of the Virginia Goat/fucker: length eight inches and a half. Bill dufky : general colour of the plumage not unlike that of the Sibirian Owl, being a beautiful mixture of pale afh-colour, mottled with black and ferruginous: the top of the head is pale afh- colour, mottled with dufky down the middle of the crown: on each fide of the under jaw isa pale ftreak ; and on the throat, a whitifh fpot: the breaft croffed with numerous cinereous bars: between the legs pale rufous: the quills are dufky, barred with rufous; the firft the fhorteft; four of the greater-quills have a fpot of white on the inner web: the tail marked the fame as the quills; * Syn. vol.iv. p. 463. N? 71. + Id.p. 583. N° 32. t Scarabaus Melolontha. Lig, — || Hit. Quadr. ii. p. 559. N° 406. Cc 2 but 195 sg} SHARP-TAIL- ED G. 16; BOMBAY G. DgscriPrioat. "PLACE. 17. INDIAN G. DeEscRIPTION. PLacg. GOATS UC K ER. ‘but the two middle feathers are likewife mottled, as the back; the two outer ones on each fide have the ends white for about an inch, but the white extends higher up on the outer webs: the middle toe is greatly pectinated. Inhabits Bombay, in the Eaft Indies—The defcription taken from one in the poffeffion of Sir Ho/eph Banks. CROWN and back whitifh afn-colour, elegantly marked with minute dufky lines: cheeks, breaft, wing coverts, and fe- condaries, beautifully marked in the fame manner with lines and large fpots of ruft: prime quills dufky: middle feathers of the tail light afh, croffed with a few black bars ; outmoft feather rufty and black. Inhabits Jndia.—Lady Impey. ORDER [ 197 J Orpre hy. CG O>OLy U MB rN E: GEnus “EVI Pat (Get 2sO°-N: * WITH MODERATE TAILS, N60. a. Grey Po” \:: N° 60. b. Purple-fhouldered P. Stock Pigeon, Gen: Syz. iv. p.604. N° 1.—<4r@. Zool. ti. p. 329. A. I. Columba oenas, Segp Vog. pl. in p. 13.—-Faus. Arag. p. 83. + STOCK P. "THE Pigeon is very common in the fouthern parts of Rufia, and in Sweden; but is always obferved to migrate fouthward, as the winter approaches; but none are feen in Sidiria, till you come beyond the Lake Baikal, where a very {mall variety with the white rump breed in plenty among the rocks. Nota fingle fpe- cies is to be found in Kamt/chatka*. Partridge Piceon, Gen. Syz. iv. p. 616. N® 3. 30 Ped Hes dae RPMI wed OE PARTRIDGE P. HAVE a fufpicion that this bird is found in St. Helena; as I find, in Mr. Anderfon’s catalogue, one fet down under the name ~ of Columba perdix, which is faid to be common in that ifland. White-winged Pigeon, Gen. Syx. iv. p. 617. N°6. 6. WHITE-WING- THs is faid, by Facquin}+, to be found in Carthagena, in EDP. South America : as alfo another, the fize of a Zurtle; colour * Ar. Zool. + Vog. p. 38. N° 27, Columba leucoptera. 3 ‘ -brown, % 198 12. POMPADOUR © 14. GREEN-WING- ED P. 29- 4- RING P. PY GE 6, Ni brown, black, and white, mixed; with a fcalloped neck and breaft, and black eyes. Pompadour Pigeon, Gen. Syn. iv. p.624. N° 12. NHABITS various parts of India. Common up the country about Bergal, where it is called Coucla. It has a whiftling kind of note, not unlike that of a Zhrujb, very different from that of other Pigeons.—Mr. Middleton. Green-winged Pigeon, Gen. Syn. iv. p. 625. N° 14. Columba indica, Facg. Vog. p. 35. N° 29. pl. 16. Variety is here mentioned, with the quills and tail feathers green ; wing coverts violet; and the rump and vent blue. Ring Pigeon, Gen. Syn. iv. p. 635. N° 29.—Ard. Zool. ii. p. 329. B. Columba palumbus, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. .—Faun. Arag. p. 83. HAVE hitherto been uncertain whether the Ring Pigeon bred twice in the year, or not; but have now authority to fay, that at frequently, if not generally, does fo. A letter from my friend and relation Mr. LZ. Porter, of Cherifey, in Surrey, runs thus: «« The Ring Dove, no doubt, breeds twice in the year; the neft ‘© being found, in the middle and end of 4agu/t, very commonly, “ in the heads of widlows, where they delight to build; and, fome “* years fince, I faw a female fhot as fhe left the neft, the 22d of September ; when, getting up to the neft, which was placed on a pollard oak, two eggs were found with young in them.” This Ge EY ON, This fpecies is very common in the Ruffan forefts, but very fcarce in Sibiria, and none feen in the north-eaft: vifits Sweden in fummer, departing in autumn: not in Norway *, Ring-tailed Pigeon, Gez. Sy. iv. p. 639. N°330 — Columba caribea, Facg. Vog. p. 30. N° 24. N this bird the bill is of a greenifh red: the fpace round the eyes bare, and of a dirty yellow: the tail cuneiform, and about the length of the body. It differs from that defcribed by Briffon, in not having a white belly, nor the bar on the tail. This is found in all the woods of the Caribbee Ifands ; is pretty tame, but never fufficiently fo to be at large; though it will lay eggs when confined ina cage. It is greatly efteemed for food, infomuch that each bird fells for a dollar. Common Turtle, Gen. Sy. iv. p. 644. N° 40. Columba Turtur, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 11.—Faun. Arag. p. 83. "THIS is extremely frequent in the fouth of Rufia, and in the 199 33° RING-TAIL P. - DescriPrioNn- PLace, 46. ¢ COMMON TURTLE, rocky country beyond the Lake Baikal. Ivis highly favoured - in the Zurkifh dominions, where it is extremely plentiful, govern- ment allowing a certain rate per cent. in refpect to the duty on corn, on their account. A crowd of thefe birds conftantly alight on the veffels which crofs the port of Conftantinople, and carry this commodity uncovered, either to the magazine or mills, and the boatmen never oppofe their greedinefs. This permiffion to feaft on the grain brings them in great numbers, and familiarizes theny ? Ar&. Zod, te 200 44. BARRED-TAIL P. BLUE-HEADED ~o-— 59e. # GROUND To. P LiGuE-O Ni to fuch a degree, that they are feen ftanding on the fhoulders of the rowers, watching for a vacant place where they might fill their crops in turn *. I believe this to be fufficiently common in China, and’ various parts of India, as 1 have met with drawings of both it, and’ the Spotted-necked, from thence feveral times.. In Sir Fofeph Banks's. collection is one from the firft-named, which feems a trifle larger than ovr Briti/b {pecimens, and the colour much higher,. though: identically the fame in every other particular. Barred-tail Pigeon, Gen. Syn. iv. p. 650. N° 44.. Columba ftriata, Facq. Vog. p. 32. pl. 15. HIS is frequent at Malacca ;. alfo in great plenty in the ifland’ of St. Helena. Facquin likewife records it, among the birds. inhabiting the neighbourhood of Venetzuela, in South America. Blue-headed Turtle, Gex. Syz.iv. p. 651. N° 495 Columba cyanocephala, Facq. Vog. p. 36. N°30. ts 17% HITS is very common in the ifland of Cuda, where it is caught: in traps, and brought into the markets in quantities for eat- ing. It may be kept tame, but will not propagate in that ftate,. having. been tried in an aviary, without effect, for fome time. Ground Turtle, Gew. Syz. iv. p. 659. N°59.—4r&. Zool. ti. N° 1915. Columba pafferina, Facg. Vog. p. 32. N° 26. rLHIS fpecies is plentiful'in all the Caribdce [fands, where it is. ‘common at every table, being much efteemed, It frequents. 6 Mem, of the Baron de Lotte ftony.- PIG ECON, 20% ftony places, under the bufhes. The French call it Ortolan; the Englifo, Ground Dove ; the Dutch, Steen Duifjes and the Spaniards, Palomito. The voice is plaintive and weak, very like that of our Turtle. At Carthagena, on the South American continent, are fome varieties bigger than others, having few brown fpots, and the belly not fcalloped ; and others with the belly fcalloped in a dif- ferent manner from the others. It will propagate ina ftate of dometticity, the circumftance having been tried at Vienna. Columba corenfis, Facq. Vog. p. 31. N* 25. Be IZE of the Common Pigeon. The eyes are red, furrounded Descrirrion, with a naked fkin fpotted with black: general colour of the body grey: the feathers ou the lower part of the neck appear changeable in different lights, as if fcalloped, though really not of different colours: the tail even at the end. Inhabits Coro, in the diftrict of Venetzuela, in South America. Is Peace. prized by the inhabitants for food, being eaten young. PURPLE. IZE of the Common Pigeon. Bill ftout, dufky; edges pale: SE a head and neck olive ycllow: between the neck and back afh- é «colour: back and wing coverts olive; the lefler coverts pale pur- ple; greater coverts and fecondaries ftriped longitudinally with black and white: the prime quills are black, but the outer edges of the three firft are white: breaft and belly pale afh: lower part of the tail olive green; the end dufky: legs pale orange yellow. inhabits India. Wady Impey.—It feems much allied to the - Paca Pompadour Pigeon, N° 12. Suppz, Dd LENGTH Description, 202 Pe FG EO.) N; 60. ys NEE ie ENGTH eleven inches. Bill blueifh at the bafe; towards Dison a ION the tip white: head afh-colour: neck pale yellowith green; lower part of the neck all round, the middle of the wing near the fhoulder, and all the under parts, white: the whole of the outer edge of the wing, and the quills, black, with whitifh edges : body above, and tail, greenifh afh-colour ; end of the tail dufky : ‘legs blueifh; claws black. Puace. ‘’ Inhabits India. Mr. Middleton.—I obferve one of the above in the drawings of Mrs. Wheeler, in which the legs were yellow. ORDER [ 203 J Orver V. GALLINACEOUS, Genus MEV." DW Koga: iy Wild Turkey, 4rd. Zool. ii. N° 178.—-Faun. Arag. p. 80. HESE are cultivated in Swedex, and even in Norway; but they degenerate in fize. They are alfo common in all parts of Rufia, but will not thrive in Sibiria *, Horned Turkey, Gen. Syz. iv. p. 680. N° 2. HAVE lately had an opportunity of feeing a male of this beau- tiful fpecies in moft perfect plumage, brought from India by Mrs. Wheeler. 1 cannot add any thing to the defcription before given of that fex, further than to obferve, that the tail is rounded in fhape, and compofed of twenty feathers, which are blackifh at the ends. : In the Leverian Mu/feum is a moft beautiful and perfect fpeci- men of the female. This fex is without the horns, fo confpicuous in the male. The feathers of the head and part of the neck are filky black, with a blue glofs, marked on the fides of the throat with an irrecular patch of red: the feathers on the back part of the head and nape are crimfon ; and the whole top of the head fur- nifhed with long loofe feathers, tending backwards: the markings on the body much like thofe of the male, but fcarce fo bright: the back, and part of the wing coverts, befides the {pots of white, are in both moft beautifully intermixed with ftreaks of black and crim- fon upon a fillemot ground: the rump and tail feathers fomewhat * Ar. Zool. Dd2 fimilar, I. AMERICAN T. 2. HORNED T- FEMALE> 204, To GUINEA P. i) U) Ree er ¥: fimilar, the crimfon decreafing towards the tail, the ends of which are dufky black: the legs are furnifhed with a blunt {pur behind. Mrs. Wheeler informs me, that fhe has had both fexes alive in her poffeffion ; and, had it not been for an accident on board the thip, fhould have brought the above-mentioned male to England. This bird, when alive, had the faculty of dilating and lengthening the flap on the throat, fo as almoft to hang over the breaft, much in the fame manner as the Cock Turkey does the caruncles on the neck and flap of the forehead, at. which time the colours were greatly heightened, appearing of a beautiful deep blue, barred acrofs with crimfon, Thefe birds are by no means common, though not unfrequent in paintings done in India; and are particularly well figured in ‘thofe of Mr. Middleton and Lady Impey. Sir Elijah informs me, that it is known in India by two names, the one Singhee Moory, or Marbled Fowl; the other, Moory Manmoor ei, or Bright Fowl. Genus XLTXO Pot Nudd ADC: Guinea Pintado, Gen, Sya. iv. p. 685 .—-Haffelq. Voy. Eng. ed. p. 202. N° 42. R. Sparrman™ informs us, that it is common in the neigh- bourhood of the Cape of Good Hope, having found them in flocks in the road from Zee-cow River to Sunday River 5 and that they were very thy, flying low and ftrait forwards, like the Par- tridge; and that they refted on trees of nights, in large compa- mies, infomuch that Dr. Spervman once killed fix of thenv at one fhot, befides feveral others wounded. * Fey. vol, ii. p. 19, Ginus L 205 J Gems. -C Us RVA aS S OW N° 5. Cumana C. N°’ 7. Galeated C. 6. Piping C. Crax cumanenfis, Facg. Vog. N° 19. p. 25. t. 10. IZE of a hen Turkey. Bill dufky: general colour of the plu- mage black: the feathers of the crown white and long, form- ing a creft, which hangs down behind: the breaft marked with fpots of white: legs red: claws black. Inhabits the neighbourhood of the river Oronooko, in South America ; particularly Cumana, Crax pipile, Facg. Vog. N° 20. p. 26. t. 21. HIS bird, in fize and general colour of the plumage, is not unlike the laft. The cere, orbits, and top of the head, are white, but the head not crefted : beneath the throat a wattle of a deep blue colour : the back is of a red brown, {potted with black: on the greater wing coverts a great mixture of white: the belly is black : the legs red. This is found in the fame places as the laft, of which it may, on our more familiar acquaintance, prove a variety or fexual dif- ference. It has a low piping kind of voice. CUMANA G. DescrirTION: PLACE. 6. PIPING C. DagscripTion. PLACEs 206 CU (Ry Ress: O° WW 7. Le Hocco 4 téte calleufe, Bri/. Ors. 8vo. i. p. 87. GALEATED C. Di oecurton: GIZE almoft of a Turkey. General colour black, except the vent and under tail coverts, which are white: on the crown of the head is a horny fubftance, about two inches in height, broad at bottom ; ending at top in a blunt point, not unlike a helmet = the bill and legs are red. PLACE. Inhabits Curafao. GENnus ff 12075] Genus LI P H EAS AN T. N° r1. Impeyan Ph. N° 13. African Ph. 12. Coloured Ph. Domeftic Cock, Gen. Syn. iv. p. 700. HE changes in the plumage of hex birds has been mentioned in the Synopfis; but 1 find that the circumftance does not happen merely in thofe females which have done laying or fitting. Mr. L. Porter informs me, that he once had a black Game Hen, which one year grew fpotted, and the following year quite white. Spurs were obferved to grow on her legs, and fhe crowed at inter- vals like a Cock.. Notwithftandine this, fhe laid eggs and bred for fome years after. As to age, the common poultry would, no doubt, if permitted, live a long while. A Hex was living, at a place called Highberries, in Cumberland, in 1777, then thirty years old, full in feather, and very fat; but had not laid any eggs for fix or feven years paft *. The Darking fowls are obferved to be much larger than thofe from other places in England, being frequently known to weigh from feven to eight pounds when plucked, though they will now and then weigh much beyond this. A friend of mine fent a cargo of thefe fowls into Scotland, one of the Cocks of which weighed nearly fourteen pounds, * Mr. Tunfall. g *, ‘HAVE I. DOMESTIC C. 208 4. Var. A. RING PHEA- SANT. It. IMPEYAN PH. Pi. CXIV. DESCRIPTION. Pon BAYS AN OT, HAVE fcarce a doubt but thefe birds will hereafter become full as plentiful in this kingdom as the Common Pheafant. ec is well known that feveral noblemen and gentlemen have turned out many pairs into their neighbouring woods, for the purpofe of breeding. I have heard of feveral being met with at large by the fportfmen in various parts of Kent; two inftances of this having laft year come under my own infpection. Lev. Muf- PT ARGER than a Dunghill Fowl: length two feet. Bill ‘brown, two inches long, much curved, the upper mandible hanging confiderably over the under, which is hid thereby : round the eye bare, and of a greenifh blue: on the head is an erect crett, confifting of feventeen or eighteen feathers of different fizes, the longeft three inches and a half in length; they confit of little more than fhafts, except at the end, where they are oval, with a fpear-fhaped point: the feathers of the neck are long and loofe, not unlike thofe of a Cock; thofe of the head and throat are green bronze ; of the middle of the neck purple, with a copper glofs, and the lower part of it a yellow copper bronzes all of them exceedingly brilliant, and changeable in’ different ‘reflexions of light: the back and wing coverts are rich ‘purple, tipped with green bronze: prime quills black: the under parts of ‘the body, from chin to vent, are dull black, with here and there a greenifh glofs: thighs the fame: the legs feathered below the knees: tail brownifh cinnamon-colour, with the end dufky, and rounded itn. fhape; the feathers fourteen ‘in number : legs flout, rough, and. {caly 5 SMG ASANG Be EB. A SA NT. 209 {caly ; the colour a dark brown: toes long ; between them, at the bafe, a flight membrane: at the back part of the legs a thick, fhort fpur. The female is fmaller than the male, and of a lefs elegant fhape; FEMALE. the length twenty-one inches. The bill, and bare {pace round the eye, as in the ma/e: the general colour of the plumage brown ; the middle of each feather paler, or buff-coloured, mottled and barred with dark brown, appearing not greatly different from the back of the Great Eared Ow/: beneath the eye is a broad dufky white band: the prime quills are black ; the fecond quills barred black and ferruginous: the tail very fhort, hardly exceeding the quills in length; the colour of the feathers of it fimilar to the back: the legs as in the ma/e, but furnifhed with a blunt knob in place of the fpur. Thefe birds inhabit Jvdia, but in no great plenty, being Prace anp Man- brought from the hills in the northern parts of Hindoftan, to Cal- yar cutta, as curiofities. Lady Impey attempted, with great probabi- lity of fuccefs, to bring over with her fome of them to Exg- land ; but, after living on board the fhip in health for two months, they caught a diforder from the reft of the poultry, fimilar to the f{mall-pox, and died in confequence. The food given them, during the paflage, was rice in the hufk. Sir E/ijah informs me, that thefe birds are known in India by the name of Monaul, which. ie is foolifhly tranflated. Mouth-Piece; that the male is called by fome the Golden Fowl. They bear cold, but are impatient of heat. The cock was never obferved to crow, but had a ftrong, hoarfe cackle, not unlike that of a Pheafamt. Specimens of the male birds are now in the Leverian Mujeum. K so SupPL. Ee SIZE 210 12. COLOURED PH: DeEscRIPTION. PLACE. 136 AFRICAN PH. DeEscrRIPTION. Pe AY Tey SAYS) AS Ne Te IZE of a Fowl: length twenty-two inches. Bill greeniff white, and pretty much hooked in fhape: fides of the head naked, carunculated, and red, much in the fame manner as in the Pencilled Pheafant: the feathers at the back part of the head muck elongated, forming a creft, which hangs down behind: the head, throat, and hind part of the neck, are black: the back, rump, and wing coverts, the fame, flightly edged with white: prime quills dufky brown: tail rather large, even at the end, and black: the | fore part of the neck, breaft, and belly, covered with longith fharp- pointed feathers, which are black in the middle, deeply edged on the fides with white: thighs black : legs brown black ;. at the back of each a fpur of a moderate length: claws curved and black. Inhabits India, where it is called the Coloured Fow!.—From the: drawings of Lady Lupeys. Br. Muf. ENGTH nineteen inches. Bill exactly formed as in the Crefted Pheafant*, being ftout, fhort, and of a yellow colour :- the head is likewife crefted, as in that bird; each feather which compofes it is brown in the middle, and white on the fides: the top of the head is blackifh: back blueifh afh-colour, each fea- ther dafhed with a blackith ftripe down the fhaft: chin and fore part of the neck rufty brown: fides of the neck whitifh, a little- mottled with dark brown: breaft and belly white, dafhed down: . the fhafts with black : wings blueifh afh, fhafts and tips blackith :- baftard wing black: the eight firft quills are white on the inner * Syw. Vol. iV. p.720. pl. LXI1V. webs Pp) Be EY AbiSy Ay Nod: webs half way from the bafe; the two next white next the bafe ; the reft of their length, and the whole of all the reft, lead-colour- ed brown: the tail is nine inches and three quarters long, and rounded at the end; the two middle feathers brown, with the ends black ; the others wholly black : legs black. | This fpecimen is in good prefervation in the Brifjf Mufeum, and was brought from Africa. It had but ten feathers in the tail; but, from the appearance of it when {pread out, it feemed to have originally confifted of a greater number. Ee 2 GENUS Pracr, 2s LONG-TAILED GR. [212.4 : Genus LIT. GRO WU S. * WITH FOUR TOES. N° 17. a. Rehufak Gr, N°17.c. Helfingian Gr. 17. b. Rock Gr. : Sharp-tailed Grous, 4ré&. Zool. ii. N° 181. HE tail in this bird confifts of eighteen feathers. I obferve in fome birds the two middle ones of the tail are an inch and a half, or more, longer than the reft, and in others fcarce exceed- ing half an inch; a diftinétion incident to fex or age. The fe- male {aid to differ from the male, in having lefs of the red naked fkin above the eyes. Thefe birds keep in pairs, or fmall flocks, in the jumper plains the whole year, feeding on the buds and berries alternately : moftly feen on the ground ; but, when difturbed, fly to the tops of the higheft trees. They lay on the ground, and make a loofe neft of grafs, lined with feathers: the eggs white, marked with fpots, and are hatched the middle of June. Said to make a noife with the feathers of the tail, like the cracking of a fax. The flefh is of a light brown colour, plump, and very juicy *. ® ArG. Lool, Black G ROU S. Black Grous, Gen. Syx. iv. p. 733+ Tetrao tetrix, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 165. HIS bird, as Ihave been lately informed, becomes gradually more fcarce all over the north of England, as well as in Scot- land, owing to'various caufes; viz. the great improvement made in the art of shooting flying, introduced within thefe few years: the cuftom of inclofing many moors and commons, added to the mif- chief done by burning the 4eazh on the moors, in order to ferti- lize them, and which it is difficult to prevent, being commonly fet on fire in the night, and will often extend for feveral miles ;. and, as it is chiefly done in the fpring, many nefts, with the old ones upon them, are deftroyed thereby. Perhaps the great faci- lity of conveying thefe birds to the metropolis, or the great trading towns, by means of the numberlefs wheel-carriages, may likewife contribute greatly to their fcarcity. Thefe birds will live in menageries ina confined ftate, but have- not been known to breed therein. The flefh of feveral of the Grous kind is more or lefs inclined to brown; notwithftanding, it is well-tafted : but in this bird part of the flefh of the breaft is white, and called, in the north, the - White Mu/fcle, appearing asa fingular contraft to the furrounding parts, which are deep coloured. This circumftance is not ob- ferved in the Wood Grous, whofe breaft is equally dark-coloured throughout ; nor in any other of this fpecies that we know of. Neither this fpecies, nor the Ptarmigan, are at prefent in Ire- land, though the Red Grous is found in plenty among the moun- tains and bogs of that kingdom. . Spurious 213 36 BLACK GROUS. 214 3 Var. A. SPURIOUS GR. au SPOTTED GR. DESCRIPTION, GRO W sp Spurious Grous, Gen. Syn. iv. p.734.—Ard. Zool, ii. p. 314. B, Tetrao hybridus, Sparrm. Mu/. Carl/. pl. 15. E have been hitherto much in the dark concerning this bird. Dr. Sparrman, to our prefent obfcure knowledge of it, adds the following obfervations :—That it is of the fize of the female Great or Wood Grous, and fuppofed to have been produced from that bird and the male Black Grous : that it varies greatly in colour, fcarce two being found exactly correfponding ; and that itis aremarkably ftupid bird. Its note refembles moft that of the Wood Grous, but louder, harfher, and every way more dif- agreeable. This gentleman likewife remarks, that the birds hi- therto met with, whether affociating with the male birds or females, are ever of the male fex. This fpecies is not uncommon in the woods of Sweden and Finland. ° Mr. Tunftall informs me, that he was told by fome old Scotch gentlemen, that both the Wood Grous, as well as the Spurious Grous, were extant in Scotland within their memory. Spotted Grous, Gen. Syu. vo Pp. 735+ N° 6. M R. Hutchins has lately added to my collection a moft beautiful variety of this bird. Length fixteen inches. General colour of the plumage ferruginous cream-colour, marbled and ftriated acrofs with brown and yellow clay-colour: fore part of the neck and breaft moft inclined to yellow: under parts of the body white, marked with broken bars of cinereous brown : quills plain brownifh cream-colour: tail yellowifh brown, prettily mottled with darker ; the tips of all the feathers ferruginous, but pale. Ruffed ar @ WU S: Ruffed Grous, Gen. Syz. iv. p. 738. N° 8.—4r&. Zool. ii. N° 179. Shoulder-knot Grous, Gen. Syz.iv. p. 737. N°7. E beg leave here to retra& our opinion of the Ruffed and Shoulder-knot Grous being of different fpecies. Mr. Pen- want's obfervations on this head have their due weight with us, and are fupported by our having lately received fpecimens of both of them by the affiftance of Mr. Hutchins. We have been informed, that both fexes vary much at-different ftages of life. The ground-colour of the plumage is not unlike in both fexes ; but the tail in both is exactly fimilar. The male only has the ruff and creft, which the female has-no traces of ; in return, the female. only has the black at the bafe of the wing or fhoulder.. Namaqua Grous, Gen. Syz. iv. p. 750. N15. R. Sparrman* mentions his having met with two fpecies of Tetrao, near the Hottentots’ Holland’s warm bath, both of the fize of our Partridge; one of them called a Partridge, the other a Pheafant. He obferves, that they live in flocks, and are not- difficult to come at, efpecially of mornings and evenings, at which time they difcover their abode by a fhrill kurring noife. One of thefe fpecies is moft probably the Namaqua Grous ; the other, for. want of defcription, cannot be determined. * Foy, i. p.153,. arg » 8. RUFFED GR. 15. NAMAQUA GR. a16 13. RED GROUS, G RQ WS. Red Grous, Gen. Syn. iv. p.746. AM informed, that the neareft approach of this fpecies to-~ wards the /outh, in this kingdom, is Stafford/bire* ; but it has every where diminifhed in quantity, from the fame caufes as the Black Grous. tis not fo commonly eaten in London as the laft- mentioned, as the flefh much fooner corrupts. ‘The ufua!l weight of a male is eighteen or nineteen ounces ; but one has been killed, near Richmond in Yorkfoire, which weighed twenty-five*. This fpecies has been known to breed in the menagerie of that noble and intelligent naturalift and collector the late Dutche/s Dowager of Portland. \t was obferved to me, that fhe effected this, in fome meafure, by caufing frefh pots of ling or heath to be plsceae in the ' menagerie almoft every day. 17. a REHUSAK GR. DeEscRIPTION. FEemMA.Le. Prace AND MaAn- NERS. Rehufac Grous, 4rd. Zool. ii. p. 316. Ee IZE of afmall Hen. Neck ruft-coloured, fpotted with black : back and tail coverts black, varied with rufty ftreaks: breaft divided from the lower part of the neck by a dark fhade ; the reft of the breaft and vent white. The Hez is {potted with yellow: primaries white: tail black, end whitifh: thighs white, marked with fome rufty fpots: legs feathered down to the toes, which are covered with large brown fcales. Inhabits the woods and alps of Lapland; lays thirteen or four- teen reddifh eggs, marked with long brown fpots: when difturb- ® Mr. Tunfeall. 3 ed, Grou s ed, fies away with a loud noife, like a coarfe laugh. The Keron, or common Ptarmigan, on the contrary, is filent, and inhabits the Alps only. Rock Grous, 4ré. Zool. ii. N° 184. T Hudjon’s Bay a White Grous, feemingly of a different fpecies from the common, is obferved. In fize it is lefs by one third. It is exaétly like the other in colour, excepting that it has a black line from the bill to the eye. The manners differ fomewhat, as it inhabits rocky places or jz- niper plains, at all feafons. It frequently ftretches the neck out, and makes a croaking kind of noife. They are very numerous at the two extremes of the Bay, but never vifit the middle fettle- ment, except in very fevere weather. This is called by the na- tives Ufcathachifh, by the Englifh, Rock-Partridge; whereas the other is diftinguifhed by the name of Wapazheu. Tetrao canus, Sparr. Muf. Carl/. N° 16. ENGTAH fifteen inches. Bill black: the whole plumage of a hoary white, obfcurely undulated with brown, the ends of the feathers being of that colour: wing coverts brownifh, marked with a whitifh fpot at the ends: vent white: the tail clouded above with hoary, white, and brown: legs black. A fpecimen of the above bird was fent to the author from the province of Helfingia, in Sweden ; and is faid to be pretty frequent in a particular fpot. From the colour of the tail, it cannot be a variety of the Ptarmigan in any ftage; nor does the author think SuPPL. Ben it aly 17. b. ROCK GROUS. DescriPTION. Tacs HELSINGIAN GROUS. DESCRIPTION. PLACE, 5% it related to the Ha/fel Grous, though fomewhat fimilar: it is therefore moft probably a diftinét fpecies. : I find a Grous with feathered legs (the colour brown, varie- gated with black) in the manufcript of Mr. Azderfon, mentioned as a native of Terra del Fuego; likewife another with naked legs, of the fame colours, met with in New Caledonia: but the fize of neither 1s mentioned. ns GENUS [ 219 J Gevus LV. PA Ro TOR DG E. * WITH FOUR TOES. N° 36. a. Chittygong P. N° 36. c. Hudfonian Quail. 36. b. Aragonian P. Pintado Partridge, Gea. Syn. iv. p- 761. N°7. LENGTH eleven inches. Irides brown: the head, nape, and half way down the back of the neck, rufous; the feathers dafhed down the fhafts with dufky: fides of the head and chin plain rufous: the lower part of the neck, all round the breaft, and all beneath, brownifh black; each feather marked with three fpots of white on each web: lower part of the back and rump brown, croffed with numerous lines of white over the thighs; and the middle of the belly the fame, but the lines broader: wing co+ verts brownifh black, fpotted as the under parts; but the fpots are rufous inftead of white: tail fhort, dufky blackifh brown; the two middle feathers croffed with pale rufous lines near the bafe: legs red. I met with a fpecimen, an{wering to the above defcription, at Sir Fofeph Banks’s, who informed me, that he received it from Bombay. It appears a variety or fexual difference of the Pintado Partridge. Ff 2 Guernfey 7> Var. A. PINTADO P. DescrRiPTioNs PLACE: 220 PyADRaT i Ra lywDaGcs Es 12. Guernfey Partridge, Gen, Syn. iv. p. 763. Var. A- +GUERNSEY P. FROM this fpecies being now and then met with at large in this kingdom, one might be induced to think that it may be by degrees naturalized thereto. Several gentlemen, and efpecially the late Duke of Northumberland, have turned out many brace for the purpofe. It has alfo been mentioned, that fo far back as the time of Charles the Second, feveral pairs were turned out about Windfor, for the purpofe of increafing; but it is fuppofed that they at laft perifhed, though fome of them, or their defcendants, were feen afew years afterwards. Indeed they feem to thrive fuf-. ficiently well in a confined ftate, as I myfelf have known them to do; but have been informed, that, on their being put out after- — wards to fhift for themfelves, they died foon after, as was the cafe with fome in the poffeffion of Mr. Zunftall. Is not then this cli- mate of too moift or too chilly a nature for this bird, or perhaps both? I have once tafted their flefh, and thought it very deli- cate, as do the inhabitants of every place to which they are indi- genous, efpecially in France, where they are made into pies, and - efteemed creatly. A bird fimilar to the above, or rather the Greek Partridge, in- habits India, but feems fomewhat larger, being fourteen inches in length. I learn this from various drawings, efpecially thofe of Lady Impey and Mr. Middleton. ‘This laft-named gentleman in- forms me, that it is far from uncommon, and often-kept tame. Ic . is known in India by the name of Cheucquoir: is called by the Englifo, Fivelock, as it will peck at fparks of fre on the ground. Mr. Boys, of Sandwich, lately informed me, that fome Partridges were PU AGRE! RIS DeGr E; were received not long fince from Boffon, in New England, by a perfon, who turned them into the fields at large; and that they moft certainly have bred, as a covey of them was afterwards feen. The fpecies he could not afcertain from his own knowledge, not having feen them. Pondicherry Partridge, Gen. Syz. iv. p. 774. N° 17. ENGTH ten inches. Bill black: the chin, round the eye, and beneath it, yellow; the reft of the head, neck, and breaft, pale brownifh white, marked with large roundifh black fpots: a bar, compofed of narrow lines of black and white, divides the mid- dle of the breaft, beneath which it is white: the belly is brown, marked with fhort tranfverfe bars of black : back whitifh brown, croffed with narrow tranfverfe dafhes of black, pointed at each end: the prime quills are black at the tips: tail reddifh clay-co- loured brown, croffed with nine or ten oblique bars of black ;, tips of the feathers white: legs very pale before, the hind part and toes black : hind claw very fmall: legs not furnifhed with fpurs. Inhabits Judia, where it is called Ghoori tetur, or Rock-Pigeon. It is met with for the moft part in pairs, feldom in covies; nor indeed is it verycommon. Itis fhy, flies high, and is not eafily fhot. Itis called by fome a Partridge, but its cry is very unlike that bird*. From the great fimilarity in markings to the Poz- dicherry Partridge, and its not having a fpur, Lapprehend it to be the female of that fpecies. * Mr. Middleton, ? ; Common: 228 17. PONDICHER- RY PB. DESCRIPTION. PLace anD Maste- NERS. 223 POA RUT Ro 1D GE COMMON Common Quail, Gen. Syx. iv. p. 779. N° 24. oF QUAIL. Tetrao coturnix, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 143.—Faun. drag. p.83.—Hafily. Voy. “; = Eng. ed. p. 203. N° 44. ar. B, Lev. Muf. Description. JN the Leverian Mufeum is a variety. The crown of the head brown: over the eyes, and round them to the hind head, white, dotted with black: the reft of the neck pale rufous yellow, dafhed 3 with white down the fhafts : the lower part of the neck, all round the back, between the wings, the breaft, belly, and outer edge of the wing, white: wing coverts and fcapulars yellow brown, barred with dark brown, and each feather dafhed with yellow down the fhaft: quills yellow brown : tail mottled brown, towards the end chefnut, the tips very pale and mottled, the two outer feathers white : legs yellow. 6. as CHITTY- GONG P. IZE of a Pheafant: length feventeen inches. Bill pale afh- DESCRIPTION. colour: a broad oval fpace round the eyes, naked, and of a pink-colour, beginning at the noftrils, and ending in a point be- hind ;. noftrils placed in a kind of cere: the head and neck white, marked with black lines: on the ear a brown patch: back and wings moft beautifully marked with bars and lines of black and pale brown, and edged and tipped with white: breaft black, marked with femilunar lines of white: belly pale reddifh brown, edged with white, and marked irregularly in the middle with dufky: tail mottled white and pale brown, croffed with bars or zigzag lines of black and white: legs the colour of the bill, and not furnifhed with a fpur behind. x This PP; Au ROT. Rt Ty De Ge E; This bird inhabits India, and is there, by the lefs informed, fup- pofed to be the female of the Impeyan Pheafant, but falfely, as it comes from a different part of the country, It is common inthe lower parts of Bengali, and in the province of Chittygong.—Mr. Middleton. 1 \ikewife find the fame among the drawings of Lady Impey. It is a moft beautiful bird, and, if one might hazard a fuppofition, may poflibly hereafter prove to be the female of the Ceylon Partridge *, the true fize of which has not hitherto beer determined, Tetrao pedibus anticé hirfutis, &c. Faun. Arag. p- 81. N°3. pl. 7. fi z- IZE bigger than the Common Partridge. Bill black: head afh-colour : throat black: round the neck ferruginous : breaft rufous, croffed with a band of black: back variegated brown and ferruginous : belly, thighs, and quills, black: wing coverts fer- ruginous ; beneath them white: tail cuneiform, cinereous brown; the outer feathers tipped with white: vent white, fpotted with ferruginous: legs afh-coloured, hairy on the fore part, and fur- nifhed with a {pur behind. The female differs in having a grey breaft, and the band there- on narrower than in the male. The above inhabits the neighbourhood of Sarago/a, in Arago- #ia, and makes a neft on the ground, laying four or five teftaceous- coloured eggs, {potted with brown; and is known by the name of Churra, ® Sia. vol. ive p. 758> Lev, 223 Pracr. 36. b. ARAGONIAN P- DEsCRIPTION- Puacs- £24 PA ROA 2 Roe DieGs E: 3 OuCe ite + HUDSONIAN QUAIL. Lev. Mu/- HIS is the fmalleft of its race, meafuring in length only five Discarrrioms inches. The bill dufky brown: general colour of the plu- mage a pale brownifh cream-colour, marked at the back part of the neck and over the thighs with irregular {pots of white: the wings, back, and tail, croffed fparingly with lines of white, bounded on their lower part with black: the under parts of the body are paler than the upper, and unfpotted: legs dufky brown. SLace: I received a fpecimen of this from Hud/on’s Bay; from which place, I am informed, that in the Leverian Mufeum alfo came. GENUS [ 225 J GeNuseinVe= a R U OM. Pye de BORG 2. Undulated Tr. Pfophia undulata, Facg. Vog. p. 24. N* 18. t. g. SIZE of a Goofe. The bill dufky blue: general colour of the plumage on the head, and the upper parts of the body, fome- what like that of the Bu/fard, being of a pale reddifh brown, béau- tifully undulated with black : the feathers at the back part of the head long, forming a dependent creft: beneath the ears begins a lift of black, which paffes down on each fide of the neck, widen- ing as it defcends, and meeting on the lower part before, where the feathers become greatly elongated, and hang loofely, fome- what fimilar to the breaft feathers of the Demoifelle; excepting this, all the under parts are white: the legs in colour not unlike that of the bill. BAS This fpecies inhabits Africa. The fpecimen from which the above account was drawn up was brought from Tripoli. Surry, Gg GENWS 2. UNDULATED TR, DuscriPTion. PLACE, 2 LITTLE B. ae ARABIAN B. DESCRIPTIONe. — 226 j Genius (LVI. BU S ZA RB. 10. Paffarage B. Little Buftard, Gex. Syz. iv. p. 799. N° 2. Otis tetrax, Faun. Arag. p.79- HIS fpecies is faid to be not uncommon in Spaiz as well as France, and the flefh is by fome thought to tafte moft like that of an Hare. Mr. Tunftall has one of thefe in his mufeum, which was fhot in Sw/ex, which, he informs me, proved ama/e on diffection, although the black on the neck, the characteriftic of that fex, was wholly wanting, and fuppofed, before it was opened, to have been a female. This is very frequent in the fouthern and fouth-weft plains of Ruffia, and in fmall flocks when it migrates. It continues a good way into the deferts of Tartary, but is never feen in Sidiria*. Arabian Buftard, Gen. Syx. iv. p. 801. N° 3. Le Paon fauvage de l’Ifle de Lugon, Son. Voy. p. 85. t. 4g. ENGTH three feet. The bill long, pointed, ftrait, and a little enlarged at the end; colour dufky black: the head, neck, and breaft, are light grey, marked with femicircular lines of black: on the head is a long tuft of feathers ending in a point, which the bird carries horizontally ; the fuperior feathers ® Ar&. Lool, of BUS: T AYR. D of this creft are black; thofe below grey, banded with black: back, wings, and tail, brown: baftard wing white, margined with grey: belly white: toes three in number, all placed forwards, and united to the firft joint. This bird inhabits all the Philippine T/lands and the Cape of Good Hope. It is called Peacock by the natives, but on what ac- count is very uncertain; or whether its actions or attitudes cor- refpond with thofe of that bird. Theabove is Sonneraz’s defcrip- tion, by which it feems to me clearly to be the Arabian Bujtard, and not a diftinét {pecies. White-eared Buftard, Gew. Syz. iv. p.80z. N° 4. HIS bird (the Kworrbane) has the art of concealing itfelf per- feétly till one comes pretty near it; when ona fudden it foars aloft and almoft perpendicular into the air, with a fharp, hafty, quavering fcream of korrh, korrb, which is an alarm to the ani- mals throughout the whole neighbourhood *. Our laft voyagers met with a Buffard on the coaft of New Hel- land, in Buftard Bay, which weighed fixteen pounds ; but we have no other account of it, than its having a black band acrofs the breaft. We can likewife add, on the authority of the late Cap- tain King, that he met with great flocks of a large kind of Buftard on the plains near Norton Sound, north latitude 64%. No defcrip- tion whatever could be obtained of the fpecies, as they were very fhy, ran very faft, and for a confiderable time before they took wing, fo that he could never get one fhot at them +. * Sparrm. Voy. i. p. 1535 + Ar&, Zool, iG gz 2 Indian 229 PLace. WHITE EARED B. 92g Gs INDIAN B. DESCRIPTION. FEMALE. PLACE. 10. PASSARAGE B. DESCRIPTION» Ba UM SATT AG RID! Indian Buftard, Gen. Syx.iv. p. 804. N° 5. EIIS bird, which is called in India, Churge, weighs from twelve to fourteen pounds. The male has the head, neck, breaft, and under parts, black, but the latter incline to afh-colour: the back beautifully mottled with reddifh brown and black, as in our Bu/- tard: wing coverts white: quills black : bill and legs pale afh- colour. The female is very like our female Buftard. The general co- lour pale afh, clouded and undulated with darker and blackifh: head, neck, and belly, plain. Thefe are found in plenty in various parts of India, where they are eaten, and much efteemed*. I ftill retain an idea of the probability of this and my White-eared Buftard being the fame, as they differ very little, except in the white patch on the ear, one from the other. SIZE of the Little Buftard: \ength eighteen inches.' Bill long and flender, brown and white: the head, neck, breaft, and belly, black: on the ears a large white patch: junction of the neck and back white: the whole back, wings, and tail, black,, with a net-work of the fineft lines of black and brown furround- ing the mefhes of black: the greater wing coverts are white: on the hind head are four pairs of capillary feathers ; each pair of dif- ferent lengths, and dilating at their ends into a lance-fhaped tuft s. the longeft four inches, the fhorteft fcarce rifing in fight: the legs. are ftrong, and of a pale yellow: toes divided to their origin. & Mr. Middleton. Inhabi nhaoits. BU See Ac RD. Ynhabits India. Called Paffarage Plover*. The fimilarity _of markings in this and my White- eared Buftard are worth obferva- tion, as one drawing might almoft ferve to reprefent both birds ; but the laft defcribed, being much fmaller in fize, with the addition of the long capillary feathers on the ears, feem to determine its being a different fpecies. In the poffeffion of Mrs. Wheeler I find a fpecimen of a bird, which I fuppofe to be the female of the above. It is nineteen inches or more in length, and the plumage not unlike that of the Little Buftard, but lefs delicate in its markings. I find that it is known in. India by the name of Oorail; by fome of the Englifh called Flercher. It is much efteemed, confequently greatly fought after; but though it is not uncommon, very few are taken; as itis ayery fhy bird. The flefh of the breaft is part white, part brown, and is accounted a great delicacy. * Lady Impey. , ORDER 229 PLace, [ 230 J Orpee Wi Seb oORTU. Tt | O U,s. Genus LVII.. O S.TFR © HH. R. Sparrman™ is of opinion that the male and female Oftrich fit on the eggs by turns, as in one of his journies, in the month of December, he frightened a male from the neft, which was made only on the bare fand, on which the eggs lay feattered and loofe ; they were in number eleven. In another neft fifteen were found ; and he reafonably concludes, that from fixteen to twenty is the common number. The ufual weight of the fhell is eleven ounces ; the depth fix inches and a half; and contains five pints and a quarter of liquid; and that the weight of a frefh egg does not greatly exceed this. The Hottentots eat the flefh of the birds, and the colonifts at the Cape ufe the eggs in pancakes. The tame Offiches at the Cape have ftrength fufficient to run along with any one on their back, without feeming to be impeded by his weight. In the tame ftate, they are apt to be mifchievous, and will frequently kill the poultry by trampling them under their feet ; and he mentions an inftance of one that was obliged to be killed, having trampled fheep to death in the fame manner. ® Sparrm, Voy. i. Po12¥, 122. Diy. E 2g: 7 Div. Il. WATER-BIRDS. Orper VIL Witu CLoven Freer. Genus, LXIL, 2) AB 1 R. Us N° 2. Indian J. Ze IZE large. Bill dufky, almoft ftrait above; near the forehead INDIAN J. gibbous; the under mandible fwelled beneath: from the bafe Descrirri1ox= of the bill, paffing through and beyond the eye, a black ftreak : general colour of the plumage white: lower half of the back, prime quills, and tail, black: legs pale red. Inhabits the af Indies, and feeds on fnails.—Lady Impey. PLacz. X ; GENUS 4. INDIAN CR. 8. GIGANTIC CR. Pui. CXV. DESCRIPTION. beg) Genus LXV... H -E R, O N. N° 80. African H. N° 82. Yellow-necked H. 81. Lohaujung H. Indian Crane, Gen. Syn. v. p. 38. N° 4. HIS bird is very common in great flocks north of Cal- cutta. Gigantic Crane, Gen. Syz.v. p. 45. N° 8. HAVE three or four times met with this bird in paintings done in the country which it inhabits; but the moft faithful reprefentation will be found in the drawings of Lady Jmpey, under whofe infpection it was done from the life in Judia. The fize ts allowed to be from five to feven feet in length, and, when ftand- ing erect, it is five feet high. The bill of a vaft fize, fharp- pointed, compreffed on the fides, of a yellowifh white colour, and opens very far back into the head; the noftrils, a flit placed high up near the bafe: the whole head and neck are naked ; the front is yellow ; the fore part of the neck the fame, but more dull; the hind part of the head and neck red, with here and there a warty excrefcence, mixed with a few ftraggling hairs curled at the ends: the craw hangs down on the fore part of the neck, like a pouch, and twines round the back part; the lower part of it furnifhed with hairs, like the reft of the neck, but at the bottom are in greater number, and of a triangular form: the upper part of the back and fhoulders are furrounded with white downy feathers ; the * back Fae (CX ?: Gugantec é fe AItE. yw EW © back itfelf and wing coverts deep blueith ath-colour: fecond quills dufky brown: prime quills and tail deep blackifh lead- colour; the laft fearcely exceeds the quills in length; the fea- thers of it are ten inches long, and twelve in number: the feathers of the fides beneath the wings, and thofe of the vent and under tail coverts, are long and downy, fome of them meafuring near a foot, and of a dufky white colour, as are all the under parts of the body: the legs are long and black, naked far above the knees, and very fcaly: the toes are webbed at the bafe: the claws blunt. This fingular fpecies is not unfrequent at Bengal, where it ar- rives before the rainy feafon comes on, and is called Avgala, or Adjutant*. It has alfo, from its immenfe gape, gained the name of Large Throat ; and, from its fwallowing bones, the Bone-eater, or Bone-taker. it is allowed on all hands to be a moft neceffary animal, as it picks up vermin from every quarter ; fuch as /nakes, lizards, frogs, and other noxious reptiles ; and, its fize requiring a vatt fupply, proves the moft ufeful inhabitant, which the natives of Africa and other places acknowledge by their holding it in great eftimation. I find that the downy feathers above mentioned have been made ufe of, in the manner of thofe of the Ofrich, in the head-dre/s of the ladies, to which purpofe they feem well appropriated, being of the moft delicate texture, and floating with every breath of wind +; * JT have been told, that the bird has obtained this laft name from its appear- ing, when looked on in front at a diftance, like a man having a white waiftcoat and breeches. +,A good idea may be formed of their exceffive ice: from my having weighed'one of them, which was eleven inches and three quarters in length, and feven in breadth, and balanced only eight grains, lod but 233 Piace ann Man- NERS. 234 te WHITE STORK. 13. + NIGHT HE- RON. ; 17e 4- BITTERN. H E R ON. but their prefent fcarcity in England has hitherto prevented their appearing in common. Inthe Britifo Mufeum is a complete tail, with the under tail coverts annexed; in good prefervation. White Stork, Gen, Syn. v. p. 47. N° gs WO inftances have been mentioned, in our former volumes, of this bird having been met with in Exgland: in addition to which, Mr. Boys informs me, that one has been picked up dead, but frefh, on the fhore of Saudwich Bay. Another was alfo fhot, in the winter of 1785, at Soushficet, in Kent *, but perifhed before Thad notice of it. Night Heron, Gen. Sys. v. p. 52. N° 13: Ardea hy@icorax, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 151. THE neft in Sepp’s plate is made, in an artlefs manner; of dry fticks ; and the eggs are of a pale blue. Bittern, Gen. Syn. v. p. 56. N° 17- Ardea ftellaris, Sepp Vog. pl. in p.74- Believe that this bird may be met with in the marfhes about us at all feafons, yet is obferved to be moft frequent in winter. Mr. Boys informs me, that it is never feen about Sandwich, except in very cold weather ; and that in particular, in the fevere feafon. in January 1784, great numbers were fhot thereabouts. The Bittern with us feems to be rifing into efteem for the ufe of * Communicated by Mr. Macreth. the (EOI IR OMe lots 235 “the table, being, as well as the Heroz, feen expofed for fale in the London markets; but the palates of our fifter kingdom feem to relith it greatly, as I have been informed, that fometimes half a guinea is given for one in Dudlin*. This fpecies is found on the continent, in various parts of Rufia, and in Afia; in Sibiria, as far north as the river Leva, and is continued confiderably to the _north}t. We have reafon to think, that it is likewife an inhabit- ant of moft of the milder parts of the old continent ; and not im- probably met with alfo in fome part of India and China, as we have feen it reprefented in paintings from thofe parts, though not fo commonly as the Herozx ; which laft, we are informed, is very frequent at Bengal, where it is called 4unjun ft. Little Bittern, Gen. Syx. v. p. 65. N° 27. a 27. Ardeola, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 57. LITTLE BIT- TERN. N Sepp the neft is placed on the ground, and compofed of fhort bits of fticks, with here and there a flag leaf interfperfed. The eges four in number; the fize of thofe of a Blackbird, and white. Cinnamon Heron, Gen. Syn. Vv. p. 77. N° 43¢ 43; CINNAMON H. Y fome fine Chinefe drawings which came under my infpection, I find the tail to be of a bright ferruginous chefnut, rather deeper than the colour of the back. It alfo inhabits India, ® Mr. Fack/fon. + Ar&. Zool. { Mr, Middleton. Hhe * ‘Snowy 236 61. SNOWY H. DescrRIPTION,. ET N, PE ORY OF ING Snowy Heron, Gez. Syn. v. p.g2. N° 61. Ardea nivea, &c. Facg. Vog. p. 18. N° 13. HIS is one third lefs than the Bittern. The bill black: irides yellow: the whole plumage as white as /vow: the hind head, back part of the neck, fides of the breaft, and the back, covered with long narrow hair-like feathers, flowing very beautifully with every puff of wind; but thofe of the hind head longer than the reft, forming a penfile creft: the legs are black : the toes yellow. : This bird inhabits the parts near Carthagena, in South America ; called, by the Spaniards, Garga blanca. The voice is loud and dif- agreeable. Is fometimes eaten by the Indians. This is, no doubt, the fame bird with my Szowy Heron, which J alfo find is not uncommon in India *, as well as other parts of the old conti- nent before defcribed. | I find alfo, in the drawings of Mr. Middleton, a {maller Heron, wholly white; the length fixteen inches: bill three, pretty ftout, and yellow: irides orange: legs black. This is faid to inhabit Bengal, where it is called Caboga. It feems to be greatly allied to the Little White Heron, but 1 will not determine it to be the fame fpecies. Violet Heron, Gea. Syn. v. p. 97. N° 69. HIS bird is faid to be very common in the Zaft Indies. In fome drawings from thence, the bill was black, tinged with * Lady Lmpey. red HAC ERG Re: =. N: red on the fides: the crown of the head, the whole body, and tail, black: the neck, vent, and under tail coverts, of a pure white: legs dirty yellow; in fome fpecimens red. This bird is called, at Bengal, Monickjore; at Hindoftan, Lug- lug. It is reckoned pretty good eating, and ufed for fport in fal- conry, in the manner that the Heron formerly was in this king- dom *. Coromandel Heron, Gen. Syz, v. p. 102. N° 78. Obferve this bird among the drawings both of Lady Impey and Mr. Middleton. Jn addition to the defcription of the bill in the Synopsis, ‘I obferve that the ends of the two mandibles much re- femble a pair of pincers, being broad at that part, and not point- ed, as in the Pondicherry Heron. In this circumftance, fo greatly different from all others of the genus, as to juftify the nice orni- thologift in forming a new one. I find it to be common on the Gauges, but more fo on the Gumpta; and that it is known by the name of Gounghill. Lev. Mu. IZE {fmaller than our Common Heron: \ength nearly three feet. Bill feven inches long, of a dufky yellow; the end black or dufky: the head and greater part of the neck are of a pale ferruginous colour: chin and throat white: the top of the head black, and the feathers elongated into a creft almoft three inches in length: on the back part of the neck is a lift or ftripe © Mr, Middleton. of 237 78. COROMAN- DEL H, $0. AFRICAN H. DeEscriPrion. PLace. 81. LOHAUJUNG H. DeEscRIPTION. PLACE, Hoe IRwOp N: of black, reaching two thirds of the way down: on each fide, be- ginning behind the eye, another, continuing on each fide to the breaft: the feathers of the lower part of the neck before are long, narrow, and loofe, as is moft of the Heron tribe; the colour of them, and the lower part of the neck, a deep afh: the breaft ferruginous chefnut: back very deep afh-colour: quills and tail black: the loofe feathers on the rump much like thofe on the fore part of the neck, with a mixture of ferruginous: the belly pale ferruginous afh-colour: legs dull yellow; the fore part of them, the toes, and claws, black. This fpecies inhabits Africa, from whence a fpecimen has been received into the Leverian Mufeum. A fecond fpecimen is like- wife in the fame collection, which was fhot in A/hdown Park, near Lambourn, Berks, belonging to Lord Craven. IZE large; length three feet. Bill nine inches long, black, ftrait, pointed ; lower mandible fomewhat convex ; noftrils a flit near the bafe: the fore part of the head, as far as the throat, and fides, of a rich green: crown of the head, and neck, deep brown, marked with a few great green fpots: upper part of the back brown; the lower like the neck: wing coverts whites ridge and lower parts pale brown : fecondaries fine deep green : breaft, belly, and primaries, white: tail black: legs long, fcaly, reddifh: toes webbed at the bafe: claws fhort. Inhabits India, where it is not uncommon, and called Lohau- jung. Defcribed from Lady Impey’s drawings.—Among thefe I alfo obferve another, which differs in having the beginning of _ the back mottled brown and white, and the white on other parts not e HERON. not pure. I have likewife feen this bird in other drawings, in which the whole of the upper part of the back, and the under parts, were of a pure white. I apprehend that thefe diftinétions mark the fex of the bird. IZE of the Blue Gaulding : length two feet. Bill three inches 82. ¥ELLOW- NECKED 5, and a half long, dufky brown: at the back part of the neck Duascaiprrox, hangs a long black creft: fides of the neck pale yellow; the fore part of it bright bay, edged with white and black: back, wings, belly, tail, and legs, black. Inhabits Zzdia. Met with in plenty in the province of Oude, and in other parts, in low watery places; but is not accounted good food *. * Mr. Middletox. GENUS PLacs, 15. WHITE-HEAD- ED I. DESCRIPTION. PLACE. * 20. BLACK-HEAD- ED els DeEscRIPTION, [ 240 J GEN u's TEXAS (ISB Ws atS: N° 20. Black-headed J. N° 21. Coco I. White-headed Ibis, Gen. Syn. v. p. 116. N° is. IZE of a Heron, if not bigger. Bill long, very ftout at the bafe, and not greatly curved ; in length one foot or more: the fore part of the head and cheeks bare and yellow, as is the bill itfelf: general colour of the plumage greyifh white: wing coverts black, margined with white: outer edge of the wing, the quills, and tail, black : rump and tail coverts as long as the tail, and of a pink colour, concealing the tail, and hanging over it: legs long, of a pale pink or flefh-colour. In one of thefe birds the wing coverts have a mixture of brown, and a bar of brown acrofs the breaft, which I am informed is a diftinction of fex. This inhabits Judia ; is very common on the Ganges, and called Faunghill. The pink feathers of the rump are ufed not unfre- quently, like thofe of the Ofrich, as ornaments by the ladies *. SIZE of a Curlew: length twenty-one inches. Irides brown : bill fix inches long, very ftout, much curved, and black: fpace between the bill and eye, and round the laft, bare and black: head black: nape and hind part of the neck marked with {mall * Lady Impey. fpots I B i S. 247 fpots of the fame: the reft of the plumage white: legs black: between the toes a membrane: hind claw long. Inhabits India. Called Buttore*. PLace. Tantalus Coco, Facg. Vog. N° 18. p. 24. COCOA IZE of the White Idis. Bill fix inches long, and flefh-colour: Descrrpryon. the bare fpace on each fide of the head the fame: general co- lour of the plumage a greyifh white; the three outer quills black at the tips: legs flefh-colour. Inhabits the Caribbee Dlands, and is called by the natives Pe/- Pracz ann Man- cheur, as it feeds on fife in the wild ftate. It is now and then ee kept tame, and will then eat fe, both raw and boiled. Its note imitates the word Ko, which the bird frequently repeats ; hence the name given to it. It is thought to be tolerable eating. I fhould fufpect this to be no other than a variety of the White Idis. Mr. Middleton. Supp, 1G GENUS 1; + COMMON CURLEW. 5. WHITE-HEAD: ED C., DEscriPrion, PLACE, [ 242 J Genus LXVII.L C U R LEW N° rr. Hudfonian €, Common Curlew, Ger. Syxi v. p. 119. N° 1. _ Scolopax arquata, Sep Vog. pl. in p..Log. F ‘HIS bird appears both in Chinefe drawings, and thofe from India ;. we may therefore conclude it to inhabit both thofe- places. White-headed Curlew, Gen. Syz. v..p.123. N° 5? New Species of Tantalus, Sparrm. Voy. i. p. 281. - \R. Sparrman defcribes a bird very fimilar,.if not the fame- with this fpecies. ‘The bill is five inches long, black at the tip and lower neb; the upper nebred: the neck afh-colour; back. the fame, with a caft of green and a little yellow: the wings dark. beneath, and above of a blue colour, inclining to black : the leffer wing coverts violet: the tail wedge-fhaped, twice the length of the bill, and the body fomewhat larger than that of a Hen: thighs. afh-colour: feet, legs, and membrane between, blackifh. In other refpects it had all the characteriftic marks of the Tantalus *. . This inhabits-the neighbourhood of the Cape of Good Hope, and is called by the colonifts Hagedafh and. Hadelde, fuppofed from * Does he mean that the face was naked? If fo, it fhould certainly be rank-. ed with the Tantalus, or Idis ; but it is not mentioned in his defcription. 9 the- C AE Rea EW. the bird’s note. Met with in great numbers about Zwart-kops- rivier: the fame called by the Hottentots, Takaikene. It lives on bulbs and roots, which it digs up with the bill. Is fhy, and roofts on trees of nights. It is faid to be a fign of rain, if this bird flies in great flocks againft the wind. Efkimaux Curlew, 47. Zool. ii. N° 264. ENGTH feventeen inches. Bill nearly four; -colour black ; the upper mandible hangs over the lower: the head, neck, and breaft, whitifh: the chin, and before the eye, plain; the reft dafhed with brown ftreaks, moft fo on the breaft: top of the head deep chocolate brown, divided down the middle by a white line, and the fides of it above the eyes bounded with white: between the bill and eye brown: region of the ears brownifh: the upper part of the body and wings brown, mottled with white; but the back and fcapulars are alfo marked with fpots of white; thofe on the rump are more numerous, and incline to ferruginous: belly, thighs, and vent, white: fides croffed with narrow bars of brown: ts * ty Ii. + HUDSONIAN Se DESCRIFTION, quills brown, the inner margins fpotted with dufky white, fhafts - white: the wings and tail even; the laft brown, croffed with fe- ven or eight blackifh bars, a quarter of an inch broad: legs blueifh black: toes divided to their origin. Inhabits Hud/on’s Bay, from whence I was favoured with a fpe- cimen procured by Mr. Hutchins. This ts the Efkimaux Curlew of the Aréic Zoology; but not that of the Philofophical Tranfaétions *, defcribed by Dr. Forfter. This Tam well affured of, having both of them in my collection; as alfo the variety of our Common Curlew, as defcribed before in its place f. * Vol. Ixii, p.4i1. See Gen, Sy. v. p. 125. + Gen. Syn. Vv. p. 120. sg) GENUS Prate, Qe CAPE SNIPE. 9. Var. E. DescrRIPTION. PRACE. [ 244 ] Genus LXVIII. S.N I P E, N° 33. Marbled Godwit. N° 34. Hudfonian Godwit. Cape Snipe, Gen. Syz. v. p. 138. N°g. HIS Swipe is called, at the Cape, Keuvitt; as it fcreams out, in the dufk of the evening, in a kind of difagreeable found, imitating the name it bears*. ILL yellow, fwelling at the ends of both mandibles ; the co- lour yellowifh green: crown dufky : eyes large and black ; round each a circle of yellow feathers, pointing in a line behind : cheeks and throat white: back flaty blue, fpotted with black, and bounded the whole length by a yellow line: fcapulars moft ele- . gantly marked with narrow black lines on a blueifh ground, and - the feathers edged with femicircular lines of blueifh and black; the reft of the wing tawny, with black femicircles, pointing the re- verfe tothe former: tail like the fcapulars, but marked with large tawny fpots: breaft brown above, black beneath: belly, vent, and thighs, white: legs pale ath. Inhabits the Zaft Indies . ® Dr. Sparrman. + Lady Impey. Common SiN PY EB ‘brown, more or lefs {treaked and fpotted with rufous white: between the bill and eye, alfo the chin, white: on the back the marks are pale rufous, and pretty numerous, arifing from each feather having five or fix tranfverfe bars of that colour on the margins: the wing coverts have lefs brown in them, appearing at a diftance fcarcely marked with it: the quills are rufous cream-colour, dotted with minute fpecks of brown; the four firft have the outer webs and ends of a dufky black ; the fhaft of the outmoft one white: un- der wing coverts pale rufous: the breaft and fides are of this laft colour, but much paler, and tranfverfely barred with dufky waved - lines, broadeft on the fides: the middle of the belly and thighs plain: vent nearly white: tail rufous, croffed with fix or feven bars of brown on each feather ; the three outer ones quite irregu- lar ; the two middle ones paleft : legs black, and bare for an inch and a quarter above the knee. Inhabits Hud/on’s Bay. Given to me by Mr. Hutchins. ENGTH feventeen inches. Bill three inches long, turning upwards; the bafe half pale, the reft black : top of the head blackifh, fpotted or ftreaked with dufky white: fides of the head and back part of the neck much the fame: lore dufky: over the eyes, from the bill, a white ftreak: chin nearly white: back and fcapulars dufky brown, fpotted with rufous white, one fpot being placed on each fide of the fhaft, for the moft part, though in the large feathers two: wing coverts brown, fome of the middle ones — mixed with paler, with the addition of fome white fpots ; larger coverts plain afh-colour: quills black, the fhafts white ; the bafe of all, from the fourth, white to about one third of their length: rump, SN vr PE: rump, and upper tail coverts, white : the under parts of the bird, the whole way from the throat to the vent, fine rufous chefnut, waved acrofs with dufky lines, each feather having a narrow line - near the tip:-the tail feathers white at the bafe, taking up mof. fpace as the feathers approach outwards ; the reft of their length. dufky black: legs black : wings and tail of equal lengths. I received this, with the former, from Mr. Hutchins. ‘ GENUS: 247. 10. 4- SWISS S. le + GREY S. Gewu's ekiX. 3S) Ae NiaD wPaitseP OBR: N° 38. Greenwich S. 39. Brown S. 40. Black S. Swifs Sandpiper, Gen. Syn. v. p. 167. N° to. NE of thefe, from Hud/on’s Bay, given to me as the female of this fpecies, had the upper parts brown, mottled with dufky white, not unlike the male, but lefs bright: fides of the head and fore part of the neck white, fparingly marked with brown {pots : belly white, marked with longifh ftreaks of black ; the ends of the feathers being black for fome length: the quills, rump, and tail, as inthe male: in both, the fides of the body have feveral black feathers, above two inches in length, arifing at the junction of the wing. In both, the bill and legs are black, and a fpur ferves inftead of a hind toe. In ihort, this reputed female is fo like the Grey Sandpiper, that, the belly excepted, which in the Englifh one is not marked with black, one mutt fuppofe them to be mere varieties of each other. Grey Sandpiper, Gen. Sym. v. p. 168, N° 11. |N the roof of the mouth of this bird is a double row of f{pinous appendages pointing inwards: tongue the length of the bill: under the wing the fame long black feathers, eight or nine in number, as obferved above of the Swi/s Sandpiper: and no back toe, only a_/pur, much as in the Petrel. ‘Dunilin, Se Axe Nag. vie lr Pe Eek Re Dunlin, Gen. Syn. v. p. 185. N* 33. HE Dunlin J have received, by favour of Mr. Huschins, from 249 33 + DUNLIN. Hudfon’s Bay ; which differs fo little from the Britifh Ope; that a defcription is unneceffary. Southern Sandpiper, Gex. Syx. v. p. 187. N° 35+ HIS I received from Hud/on’s Bay with the laft fpecies. It differs very little from the defcription of it in my Syxop/s, ex- cept in being, in the whole, one inch longer; and the bill only an inch and a quarter in length. Turnftone, Gez, Syx. v. p. 188. N° 37. "THESE inhabit the coafts of Kent, but not in great plenty. I received a male from Mr. Bays, of Sandwich, thot near that place, Auguft 1785. The Hudfon’s Bay natives know this fpecies by the name of Mifhee quafqua ropa foifo*. IZE of the Redfbank: weight near eight ounces: length twelve inches and a half. Bill an inch anda half long, black: crown of the head reddifh brown, ftreaked with black: nape, cheeks, and neck, afh-colour; the middle of the feathers dufky down the fhaft : lower part of the neck and back black ; the fea- ® Mr. Hutchins. SuPPL. Kk thers siiyc + SOUTHERN SANDPIPER. 38. +GREENWICH Ss. DeEscRIPTION, 250 PLACE. 39- BROWN S&S. DescRpRTION. SHA SINUD Be EY POE. Re thers margined on the fides with pale ferruginous, and fome of thofe of the back at the tips alfo: chin nearly white: fore part of the neck very pale afh-colour, as far as the breaft, which is of a dufky white: belly, fides, vent, and upper tail coverts on each fide, and whole of the under ones, white : leffer wing coverts afh- colour; the greater, the fame, obfcurely margined with pale fer- ruginous; greateft tipped with white; under wing coverts pure white: prime quills dufky, the fhafts more or lefs white; feconda- ries and fcapulars nearly the colour of the back ; the fecondaries. and primaries very little differing in length: the lower part of the back, rump, and middle of the tail coverts, afh-colour: tail a little rounded at the end, brownifh afh-colour, fomewhat mot- tled with brownifh near the tips, and fringed near the end with pale ferruginous: legs dufky olive green, bare an inch above the knee: the outer and middle toe connected at the bafe. The above was fhot at Greenwich, on the sth of Auguf?, 1785, by Dr. Leith, who did me the favour to:add it to my collection. I efteem it a new fpecies.. Brown Sandpiper, Br. Zool. ii, N° 195. IZE of a Fack/nipe. Bill black: the head, upper part of the neck, and back, of a pale brown, fpotted with black: coverts of the wings dufky, edged with dirty white: under fide of the neck white, ftreaked with black: the belly white: tail cinereous = legs black. In the colleétion of Mr. Tunfali, Bought in the London market. Black: Si A ND ee PY EB Re Black Sandpiper, Br. Zoo/. ii. N° 197. IZE of a Thrufo. Bill fhort, blunt at the point, and dufky; Descarprion. noftrils black: irides yellow: the head fmall, and flatted at top; the colour white, moft elegantly fpotted with grey: the neck, fhoulders, and back, mottled in the fame manner, but darker, being tinged with brown; in fome lights thefe parts ap- peared of a perfect black, and gloffy: the wings were long; the quill feathers black, croffed near their bafe with a white line: the throat, breaft, and belly, white, with faint brown and black fpots, of a longifh form, irregularly difperfed; but on the belly become larger, and more round : the tail fhort, entirely white, except the two middle feathers, which are black: the legs long and flender, and of a reddifh brown colour. This was fhot in Lincolnfbire; and communicated to Mr. Pex- sant by Mr. Bolton. “Kk Ginus 85% 40. BLACK S. Piacz. a I. : +- GOLDEN PL. 30 + LONG-LEG- GED PL. DEsCRIPTION, [ 252 J Genus (XX UP Se OV aE” Ry. N° 24. a. Indian Pl. FW ld Et Ay gS Aust SB al ieyes Golden Plover, Gen. Syz.v. p. 193. N° 1. HAVE mentioned in my Syzop/s, that this fpecies varied in having the belly fometimes black, and at other times black and white. I have been lately informed, that this is entirely owing to the feafon. About the beginning of March, the appearance of black on the breaft is firft feen, increafing by degrees till that part becomes of a full black; but after the time of incubation, this co- Jour again difappears*. It is feen at times on the coalts of Kent, but we believe is far lefs plenty there than towards the north of England. It, no doubt, is a native of India, as I have feen it in. drawings from thence. It is called there, Bugadeet. Long-legged Plover, Gen. Syz. v. p. 195. N° 3. ENGT Hi fourteen inches, Bill two inches and a half long;. {trait and black: upper part of the head, and hind part of the neck, afh-coloured; the edges of the feathers pale: back reddifh brown: wings purplifh black: round the eye, and all the under’ parts, white: the wings exceed the tail in length: legs very long, and red. ® Mr. Fack/fon. + Mrs..Whcelers. Inhabits Peay Omv OR Re Inhabits Jzdia, and not uncommon; met with in flocks, and fre= quent in company with the Zeetaree, or Chinefe Redbank. Tapprehend the above to be no other than the Long-legged Plover in its juvenile ftate; the more fo, as that bird is not unfrequent in Indic. Mrs. Wheeler informs me, that it is there known by the name of Crakoli. Sanderling, Gen. Syz. v. p. 197. N°'4. HESE are met with on the coafts of Kent, we believe, at all feafons. I have received them from my intelligent friend Mr. Boys, of Sandwich, both in Fanuary and in Auguf?. This bird, like the Purre, and fome others, varies confiderably, either from age, or with the feafon; for thofe received in 4ugu/t, had the upper parts dark afh-coloured, and the feathers deeply edged with ferruginous ; but others, fent to me in Fanuary, were of a plain dove-coloured grey: they differed alfo in fome other trifling par- ticulars. Lam informed, that they are feen in autumn in fmall flights, and not unfrequently along with the Purres, and both of them indifcriminately called Ox. Birds. R. Hey/kam informs me, that he once received fome Dotterel’s eggs from Kefwick, in Cumberland; alfo, that a female Dot- terel was killed upon the very top of the mountain Skiddow, in the: breeding feafon.. 2S) PLACE. : je + SANDER- LING. 14. + DOTTEREL, #54 24. a. INDIAN PL. DESCRIPTION. PLACE. 25. + CREAM.CO- LOURED PL. Px. CXVAI. Pe Tp On Vo E72 Re Le petit Pluvier des Indes, Brif Orn. 8vo, ii. p. 234. N® 16. EARLY the fize of a Lark: length fix inches. Bill nine lines long, and blackifh: the upper part of the body is brown; the under, dufky white: on the breaft two tranfverfe brown bands: the prime quills brown; the fecondaries dufky : tail feathers white at the bafe; the reft of their length brown: wings and tail of equal length when clofed: legs dufky black. Inhabits the Zaft Indies. #* WITHA CURVED BILE. Cream-coloured Plover, Gen. Syx. v. p.217. N® 25. Bird of this curious and fingular fpecies was fhot near Sr. 4/- ban’s, in Haft Kent, the feat of William Hammond, Efq; who prefented it to me with the following account. He firft met with it running upon fome light land; and fo little fearful was it, that, after having fent for a gun, one was brought to him, which did net readily go off, having been charged fome time, and in confe~ quence miffed his aim. ‘The report frightened the bird away ; but, after making a turn or two, it again fettled within a hundred yards of him, when he was prepared with a fecond fhot, which dif- patched it. It was obferved to run with incredible fwiftnefs, and, at intervals, to pick up fomething from the ground; and was fo bold, as to render it difficult to make it rife from the ground, in order to take a more fecure aim on the wing. The note was not like any kind of Plover’s, nor indeed to be compared with that of any known bird. GENUS 3 ?Pl.CxvI. ae mn (gf a —— } (1 ie sh : a i ay! a a " SG ‘ at ia ethiey Ht ial [ 255 ] Genus EXXDR R A TF- EE Troglodyte Rail, Gex. Syn. v. p. 229. N° 3. Rallus auftralis, Sparrm. Muf. Carl/pl.14. HE figure in the above work anfwers to my defcription of it, except that it wants the white ftreak. over the eye. Philippine Rail, Gen. Syx. v. p. 230. N° 4» IZE of our common Water Rail. Bill red, with a white tip: the crown of the head, and hind part of the neck, as far as the beginning of the back, of a reddifrufous colour; the back darker, fpotted acrofs with white: wings nearly the fame; the quills not fpotted : the under parts, from the chin to the beginning of the belly, pale afh-colour;. from thence to the vent white: legs of a pale green. Another fpecimen had a.purplith bill: wings dark brown; each feather croffed with lines of white and black: lower belly, thighs, and vent, croffed with black: legs brown. Both the above were met with in drawings from India, where it is known by the name of Chaha. It feems to-be a fpecies which varies exceedingly.. Grnus Li TROGLODYTE: R, 4: Var. D. PHILIPPINE R. Description, 6. LUZONIAN J. DESCRIPTION. PLACE. 8. CHINESE J. PLC xvas, DeEsCRIPTION. [256] Genus LXXIV. J. A C A WN A. N° ro. Indian J. Luzonian Jacana, Gex. Syz. v. p. 245. N° 6. MONG the drawings of Lady fmpey I find the above bird. The fize nearly that of the Chinefe Facana.- The bill is of a pale green, and fhaped much like that of a Gu//: the crown of the head, hind part of the neck, and back, brown: above the eyes white: along the fide of the neck a yellow ftripe, divided from the fore part by another of black, which finifhes on the breaft ; excepting this, all the under parts from the chin are white: the wing coverts are white, croffed with a few brown bars: prime quills black, ending in two projecting narrow feathers: tail cu- neiform, brown: legs as in other Facanas, and of a pea green. This inhabits Zudia, where it is called a Plover ae Chinefe Jacana, Gen, Syn. v. p.246. N°8. IZE of the Gold Pheafant: length two feet. Bill blueifh: front of the head, cheeks, fore part and fides of the neck, white; hind part of the head black, defcending 1 ina line on each fide of the neck to the breaft: the back part of the neck, behind * Thave much fufpicion that it is related to my Chine/e ee 3 as I was in- formed, that, when perfect, the two middle tail feathers cee longer than the others, as in that bird. ‘ this, Ts AUEC Avi Nix Ac this, of a yellow buff-colour: between the neck and back gilded brown: all the under parts, from the breaft, deep purple: back and {eapulars reddifh brown: wing coverts white: quills brown ; the fecondaries edged with white ; the ends of fome of the prima- ries grow very narrow towards the tips, and end almoft in a point ; at the bend of the wing a fhort, fharp, horn-coloured fpur: the two middle tail feathers half the length of the bird, and fhaped like thofe of the Gold Pheafant; one of them longer than the other, ending in a point ; the adjoining one lefs fharp at the end, and marked near the tip with an oval fpot of white*: legs green: toes and claws very long, as ufual in this genus. Inhabits Izdia, where it is called Vuppi-pi. From the drawings of Lady Jmpey.—It is, no doubt, alfo known by another name, as I obferved one of them, among fome drawings fhown to me by Major Roderts, which was called Sobua. IZE of the common Water Hen. Bill yellow; bafe of the up- per mandible dufky blue; near the gape a red fpot: head, neck, and under parts, deep blueifh black :. back and wings dirty cinereous brown: quills the fame, but darker, and inclining to violet: over the eye, and reaching fome way beyond it, a broad white ftreak : legs dirty luteous brown: toes and claws long, and fhaped as in others of this genus. Inhabits India. Called, at Bengal, Peepee and Mowa ; at Hin- doftan, Coudey. It is called alfo Dullpee, from its living in a * T apprehend that there fhould be four long tail feathers, and that the two middle ones are alike, as well as their adjoining ones; efpecially as I do not recollect any bird in which the tail feathers do not arife by pairs. SupPL. LI floating 257 PLACE, 10. INDIAN J. DEscRIPTION. PLACE. 258 J ACCLA N’ Al floating manner. It is a fhy bird, and frequents ftagnant lakes,, where it is not eafily come at. It builds the neft upon floating iflands, among weeds, pretty clofe tothe banks. Male and female much alike-—-Mr. Middleton. Genus LXXV. GA L-LIN UL E. 7 Martinico Gallinule, Ger, Syn. v. p. 255- N° 7. 4- MARTINICO Fulica martinicenfis, Facq. Vog. p. 12. t. 3. 2 AC QUIN obferves, that it is plentiful in the fwamps of Mer= tinico, where the flefh is valued for food ; and that its voice is fine and foft, though feldom exerted. ORDER { 259 ] Orpvper VIII. Witn PInNATeED Feet, Genus LXXVII. C O O T. Common Coot, Gen. Syx. vs pe 275. N° Ie 6 Fulica atra, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 61.=-Hafelg. Voy. Eng. ed. pe 200. *“ COMMON pee CooT. HAVE feen this twice reprefented in drawings from India. In one fet of them it was figured of a much {uperior fize, which leaves room to think that the greater fpecies may likewife inhabit that part of the world. Fulica leucoryx, Sparr. Mu/. Carl. pl. 12. I. Var. A. HIS variety has the eyelids pale, and the whole of the wing pv cearprion, white; but the fhafts of the prime quills black: in other things, like the common fpecies. This was found dead in the park at Stockholm. Pracz. Fulica Zthiops, Sparrm. Mu/. Carl/. pl. 13. Te Var. B. IZE. of the common one, and differs only in having the fea- Dgscription. thers of the breaft and belly ferruginous, undulated with brown. Place not mentioned. Genus iS — is) Te +RED-NECK- ED GR. Pi. CXViII. DEscRIPPION, a , 260 | GEN us Lek, 4 GR OE ie? Eo Red-necked Grebe, Gen. Sy. V. p. 288. N° 7. Colymbus fubcriftatus, Jacq. Vog. p. 37. pl. 18- Colymbus parotis, Sparrm. Muf. Carl/. pl. 9. ENGTH eighteen inches; to the end of the toes twenty- four; weight feventeen ounces. Bill nearly two inches long; fides of the bafe of both mandibles, for three quarters of an inch, of a fine orange yellow; the reft black: Iore brown or blackifh: irides fine orange red: the crown, and fides of the head above the eyes, nearly black, and the feathers a little elongated: the hind part of the neck, the back, and wings, dark brown; fix of the middle fecondaries white, a little mottled with dufky at the tips; the two or three next outward ones more or lefs white near the tips and inner webs: the chin, fides under the eyes, and fore part of the neck, for above an inch, pale afh-colour; the reft of the neck ferruginous chefnut, mottled on the breaft with dufky : from thence, to the vent, white, like fattin, mottled on the fides with dufky irregular fpots : legs black. I received a perfect fpecimen.of the male of this bird from Ma- jor Hammond, who informed me, that the end of April, the year 1786, two of them alighted in a farm-yard, near his houfe in Eaf Kent, and were taken alive. : I have alfo met with two other fpecimens ; the firft fent to me, Fanuary 28, 1786, by Mr. Martin, of Teingmouih, a gentleman to whom I owe many other obligations: his fpecimen had not come to perfection, as the colours of the head and neck were much blended, Pl. CXVIl. aie) GeRR Es Be: blended, and the ferruginous on the neck only juft breaking forth. Mr. Boys, of Sandwich, alfo obliged me with a third, the begin- ning of lait Ofoder : his bird, he informed me, weighed nineteen ounces and a half; the length twenty-one inches and a half; breadth twenty-eight. The bill yellow at the bafe, dufky. olive towards the tip: lore dufky: irides pale brown: head quite {mooth. The defcription differed not much; but the ferrugi- nous colour of the neck was much blended with dufky ; the white on the under parts greatly mottled with the fame: legs, without, dufky; within, greenifh yellow: the middle toe united to the inner, as far as the firft joint ; and to the outer, to the middle of the fecond *. re The two laft-mentioned are, no doubt, birds not in full plu- mage. That defcribed by Dr. Sparrman is clearly under the fame predicament; perhaps a {till younger bird than either of the others, as the cinereous parts on the throat appear white, with - three or four lines of black, and acrofs the lower part of the neck is a band of white. The bird figured in Facqain feems an - adult. * This circumftance appears to prevail throughout the genus, and fhould be added to the charatters of it. I do 265 262 GURY ESB iE. I do not recolle&, that, among any of the drawings from India or China, which have come under myj infpection, I have met with a finele fpecies of the Greve genus; yet feveral have been noticed as inhabitants of the warmer as well as colder parts of America. Indeed we remark a variety of our Little Grebe, or what is efteemed as fuch, from the Philippine I/lands, recorded by Buffon; and I have not a doubt but future obfervers will find the Continent of Afia likewife not to be deficient therein. It was fuppofed alfo by former authors, that the Facana genus was confined to Bra/fil and its environs, hence the whole of that race known were called Brafilian Water-bens. But later obfer- vations have pointed out to us no fewer than four of that genus, which inhabit Africa and Afia—One proof, among the many others, how much we have yet to learn in Ornithology. ORDER [ 263: } Orvper IX WEB-FOOT ED. * WITH LONG LEGS. Gruvs EXXX.. Acv (Q S:.E) T: Scooping Avofet, Gez. Syz.v. p. 293. N° 1. Recurviroftra avocetta, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 69». THE weight: of this bird is frequently fourteen ounces and a. half, Troy: length twenty-two inches; breadth thirty inches: length of the naked part of the legs feven inches. The Avofet: appears on the coaft of Kent about the middle of April, and de-- parts for the moft part the beginning of September*. Gewvus LXXXI]. F L A M IN G O,. Red Flamingo, Gen. Syx. v. p. 299. N@1. R. Sparrman+ met with large flocks of Flamingoes between Table and Simon’s Bay, near Alpben, in the month of April, . feeking their food in pools and puddles that were beginning to dry up. He informs us, that thefe were of a fhow-white.colour,. and the wings of a flaming rofy hue. ®-Mr, Bays. . + Voy. i. ps 30% ae ** WITH: Te 4+- SCOOPING AV.~. Te + RED FL. { 204 J 8 oWITH SHOR Tt. YE. G:.s: Genus LXXXIV. A U_ kK. 5. “Razor-bill, Gen. Sy. v. p. 319. N° 5. +RAZOR-BILL. vee HE method that this bird takes in fifhing is rather fingular, often diving and catching feveral {mall fifh, which it is ob- ferved to range on-each fide of the bill, with the head in the mouth, and the tails hanging out on each fide of the bill; and when the mouth can hold no more, the bird retires to the rocks to {wallow them at leifure. GENUS [ 265 J Genus LXXXV..G:UT L LIE’M:o T. Foolifh Guillemot, Gez. Syz. vie p. 329. N° 1. I. 4 FOOLISH G. Singular circumftance has been obferved of this bird, which is, that when taken out of fight of the fea, and turned loofe, it does not attempt to fly ; but as foon as carried within reach of the fea, it flies thereto very readily ; and if it is put into frefh wa- ter, it will {wim about, but feems unwilling to dive, or, if forced thereto, does not to any great depth, and directly rifes again to the furface: whether this is owing to the want of proper food con- tained in the water, or repugnant to it as an element unpleafing to its nature, cannot be determined. This bird, like the Razor- Sill, carries the fifh with the tails hanging out of the bill *. Black Guillemot, Gen. Syz. vi. p. 332. N° 3. 3. + BLACK G, HE Black Guillemot is common in the Bay of Dudlin, which it _ does not forfake the whole year +. - # Mr. Fack/on. + Id, Supp.. Mm GENUS 9. + SANDWICH lie 176 4 WHITE T. [ 266 j Genus LXXXVIII. T E R N, N° 24. Philippine T. Sandwich Tern, Gen. Syz. vi. p. 356. N°g. AM informed, that this fpecies is equally common on the fhores of Sujfo/k in the fummer, as on thofe of Kent; and that it may be diftinguifhed from others both by its fuperior fize while flying, as well as the difference in note *. Mr. Boys has obferved to me, that it has a fhorter fcream than: that of the Common ern, though more like it than the note of any other. It is found to affociate with the Common Tern, for the moft part, while the Black Terz is in diftin& flights, and all of the above confiderably more numerous than the Little Tern. The Sandwich Tern generally is feen in the neighbourhood of Romney about the 17th of pri/,-and departs about the sth of September. White Tern, Gen. Sya. vi. p. 363. N° 17. Sterna alba, Sparrm. Muf. Carl/. pl. v1. HIS author, in whofe work I firft obferve a figure of the bird, remarks, that it inhabits the Zaf Indies, and the Cape of Good Hope, as well as various parts of the South Seas. ® Rev. Dr. Wilgre/s. Black THbemR IN. 267 Black Tern, Gen. Syx. vi. p. 366. N° 22. 22. Sterna nigra, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 131. ~- BLACK T. HIS fpecies is obferved to appear on the coafts of Kent in a few days after the other Terus; and, as they differ fomewhat in their manners, do not affociate. The Black Zern never depofits the eggs on the fea beach, as the others do, but breeds and feeds in the flows within land. It isa lefs fhy bird, and the note much fhriller than that of the other Zerns. Le petit Fouquet des Philippines, Sow. Voy. p.125. t. 85. 24. : i : PHILIPPINE T. HIS is double the fize of the Common Tern. The bill bent pDescrrprion. black, and pointed at the end: the upper part of the head even with the eye is white: at the bafe of the bill is a narrow {tripe of black, which furrounds the eye, and finifhes in a point: neck, breaft, and belly, vinaceous grey; above, the fame, but deeper: quills, tail, and legs, black. Inhabits the Philippine Dfes; often found at a great diftance Prager, from land. Mm & ° GENUS 9: + BLACK- HEADED G. 18. + TARROCK G. Var. A.. [ 268 ] Gunes EXKKIN: GC wok ut. Black-headed Gull, Gez. Syx..vi. p. 380. N° 9. Larus ridibundus, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 153. M. and Fem. HIS appears firft about Romney, on the coaft of Kent, about the 17th of April, and departs the beginning of September. A few appear again in the winter*. Black-toed Gull, Gez. Sy. vi. p. 387. N° 15. HE beginning of September \aft, I was prefented with one of thefe by Mr. Fackfon, which was fhot at Fieldplace, near Horfbam, in Suffex. It differs from that defcribed in my Synopfs in a few particulars. It is fixteen inches in length. The whole plumage darker coloured, and mixed with ferruginous ; the quills marked at the tips with the fame: breaft mottled with white s the fhape of the tail a trifle rounded at the end: the quills, when clofed, reach an inch beyond the tip of it T. arrock Gull, Gen. Syxz.vi. p. 393. N° 18. Received this variety, killed near Zeingmouth, in the county of Devon, November 1785 t- * Mr. Boys. - + The tailin my fpecimen had but ten feathers; that of Brifon contained twelve: I therefore fufpect my bird to have been deficient therein. t Mr. Martin. GENUS [ 269 ] Greuws XC.) (PY ES EE RV ECL. ¥ TRUE, WITH THE NOSTRILS CONTAINED IN A TUBE, Shearwater, Ge. Syz. vi. p. 406. N11. HE Shearwater is obferved to fly in an undulating manner, defcending fo as almoft to touch the furface of the water, and then rifting again alternately. When fwimming on the water, it appears to raife itfelf with the greateft difficulty from the furface ; and, in the effort, the head preponderates for fome diftance, when the bill is feen to cut the water; hence the name of Cutwater, or Shearwater, has perhaps been given to the bird *. Stormy Petrel, Gen. Syn. vi. p. 411. N® 18. HIS bird vifits the ifle of Thanet early in the winter ; fome- times in the month of Oéfoder. One killed there in January +. In the middle of Ofoder laft, one of thefe was feen on the banks of the Thames, near Northfleet{, when a boy threw a {tone at it, and ftunned it, fo as to take it with the hand. This was fent to me, and, as it appeared not hurt, I endeavoured to keep ic alive, but it would by no means feed. It would dip its bill into a cup of water, when placed in the cage by it, but refufed all kind of food, and died the third day after I received it. Itfeemed to walk in a tripping manner, and with fome difficulty, when on its feet; and would frequently fit down, refting the body on the whole length of the hind part of the legs. * Mr. Fack/on. + Mr, Bays, t Mr. Mackreth. GENUS Tine SHEARWATER, 18. + STORMY P. + DUN-DIVER. { 270 j Grvve XCL AME Ee Rt GOA No Ss) E- RB: Dun-Diver, Ge. Syn, vi. p. 420. N°2. Mergus ferratus, Brux. Orn. N° '96*. N confirmation of what I before advanced f, ‘concerning the probability of this bird and the Goofander being different fpe- cies, I have been lately informed by Dr. Hey/ham, that he fome time fince diffected two Dun-Divers; the one weighing about two pounds: this proved a female; the eggs numerous, and ap- pearing very diftiné. The other bird, being much larger, weighed full three pounds. The creft in this was longer than that of the other, and the belly of a bright buff-colour. This proved, on diffection, a male; and the ¢efes were fufficiently apparent, and beginning to grow turgid. Ac this time he obferved, that he could not obtain a fingle Goofander, though fome were feen about, and fometimes in company with, the Dun-Divers t. The Dun-Diver inhabits Ireland, and breeds upon the iflands of the Shannon, near Killaloo, and is frequently feen there the whole fummer through |. The Goofander, Red-breafted Goofander, and Smew, appear about Sandwich in winter §. | * T have quoted the above, in my Syxop/s, for the Red-breafted Goofander ; but I am now Clear that Brunnich meant the Mergus caffor of Linneus, a {mall va- riety of this fpecies. His M. crifatus, N° 94, 95. he means the Red breafted Species. + Synopfts, vol. vi. po 421, 422. t My friend does not fay whether he obferved a Jabyrinth in the male bird. H Mr. Fack/on. § Mr. Boys. Red-breafted MALE UR Gara ONS EF Rs Red-breafted Merganfer, Gen. Syz, vi. p. 423. N° 3, Mergus criftatus M. & Fem. Bran. N° 94,95. N a male of one of thefe, which was fhot near Sandwich, in Kent, 1 obferved that the feathers which compofe the creft were fimply black ; alfo down the middle of the crown, as well as the fpace before the eye, and beneath the chin and throat;. but in the reft of the neck the black had a glofs of green. This fex is fur- nifhed with a curious and large Jabyrinth. The windpipe, about two inches from its entrance above, {wells out into an oval form, of three times the width it before occupied, and continues fo for about two inches; after which it refumes its firft fhape and fize, and fo continues, to the divarication into the lungs; at which place it paffes through, and communicates with a bony Jadyrinth, in fhape not unlike a eart, two inches and a quarter long by two in breadth; one fide of which is perforated with two holes, one of which is double the fize of the other, and both covered with a pellucid membrane which is dilatable, and ferves to en- large the cavity of the /abyrinth at the will of the bird. Smew, Gen, Syn. vi. p. 428. N° 5. HAVE once found a few fbrimps in the ftomach of one of thefe birds. Mr. fack/on informs me, that he has found it per- fe€tly diftended with them, and that they are fuppofed to be its chief food. , GENUS 271 3. +RED- . BREASTED G. Ks + SMEW. I. + WHISTLING SW. 13. BLACK-BACK- ED G, > Gans t iGiLw be nUaaGis Ki; N° 99. Pink-headed D. N° 100. Barred-headed D. Whiftling Swan, Gen. Syz. vi. p. oe Nor. HIS bird fometimes weighs twenty-five pounds *. The trachea, or windpipe, enters the breaft-bone ; the kee/- like procefs of which, in moft other birds, is flat and fharp, but in this fpecies is very large and hollow. It is into this cavity that the windpipe enters, and, after making a turn, comes out again at the orifice where it entered +. In America they are not uncommon, efpecially on the borders of the upper Jakes, as they breed in the Jagoons and marfhy inlets, and migrate to the fouthern provinces with their young, in incre- dible numbers, about the beginning of Odfober a Black-backed Goofe, Gez. Syz. vi. p. 449. N® 13. O the defcription given before in the Synopfs, the following may be added. The male differs from the female in having the excrefcence at the bafe of the bill full as prominent and round- ed as in the King Duck; it is likewife flatted at top in the fame manner; but in the female it is confiderably fmaller: the glofs on the plumage is alfo more inclining to the green and blue reflec- tions in the male. Both fexes have along and dangerous fpur on * Mr. Boys. + Dr. Heyfham. t Colonel Davies. % the DA UP Ci RK, the fhoulder of the wing, which, as it is a ftrong bird, renders it a formidable enemy. It is found north of the Ganges, but is not very common. It is known by the name of Nuckdab.-—Communicated by Mr. Middleton. Ruddy Goofe, Gen. Syn. vi. p. 456. N° 18. AID to be common in Crim Yartary. The Baron de Tott, in his Memoirs, obferves, that among the various f{pecies of aqua- tic birds which abound in the Crimea, the moft remarkable is a ~ kind of Wild Goofe, with longer legs than ours, and a plumage of a bright brick-colour. The Yartars pretend, that the flefh is ex- ceedingly dangerous: “I tafted it (fays he) and only found it “* exceedingly good-for-nothing.” Grey-headed Duck, Gen. Syx. vi. p. 458. N° ig. N the fpecimen in the Leverian Mufeum may be perceived a blunt knob a little below the bend of the wing. Bat Tame Goofe, Gen. Syz. vi. p. 461. Anas Anfer, Brun. N° 55. AM informed by a friend*, that the Gee/é, in their journey from the diftant counties to London, will walk from eight to ten miles a day on an average, travelling from three in the morning till nine at night; and as it happens that fome of the weaker ones are much fatigued thereby, in fuch cafe they are fed with oaés in- ftead of darley, the ufual food on the journey, ® Mr. Sones, SuPPL, Na Eider 18. RUDDY G. 19. GREY-HEAD- ED D. 29. + EIDER D. 37° + VELVET D. 47. RED-BILLED WHISTLING D, De Wy CoN, Eider Duck, Gen. Syn. vi. p. 470. N° 29. Anas Molliffima, Bran. N° 57+-66.—Sparrm. Mu/. Carl/. pl. 6. HIS very feldom vifits the fouthern part of this ifland; yet Mr. Boys informs me, that he had a defcription of a bird fhot in the [land of Thanet, March Mages which could be no other than a male of this fpecies. Velvet Duck, Gen. Syx. vi. p. 482. N° 37. HE Scoter and Velvet Duck are greatly fimilar in plumage, the laft chiefly differing from the former in having the white mark beneath the eye, and a band of the fame acrofs the wing ; but internally they differ much: the male of the Scoter is totally without a Jabyrinth, or enlargement of the windpipe, in any part ; but the Velvet Duck has a very confpicuous fwelling, of a roundifh form, about the fize of a fmall walnut, at about two thirds of its length; though at the entrance into the lungs there isno real /a- byrinth, only an enlargement. Red-billed Whiftling Duck, Gex. Syx. vi. p. 498. N° 47. Anas autumnalis, Jacq. Vog. p. 6. N® 4. HE bill in young birds is black. This fpecies is very com- mon at New Grenada, in South America, and is frequently kept tame in the farm-yards between the tropics, but is apt to be quarrelfome, and will often fy away. The Spaniards call the bird Pifefic, from its voice; the Engilifh, Main-Duck. ‘This is fre- quently brought into Ewrope, and has propagated in an aviary at Shonbrun, in Sweden. Shieldrake, DW ¢’ K Shieldrake, Gen. Syz. vi. p. 504. N® 51. Daubenton* talks of a mixed breed between the Sheldrake “and Common Duck; but fays that the produce was not fertile. Spanith Duck, Gen. Syz. vi. p. 525. N° 69. Anas viduata, Jacq. Vog. p. 3. t. 1. HIS fpecies inhabits Carthagena, in South America. The word Vindila, as written by Linneus, is certainly an error of the prefs ; it fhould have been viudita, which fignifies a little wi- dow, and was intended to be fo called f. Tt has been obferved to me, that the Wdize- Beated Duck of Sco- polit, and the Ural Duck of Dr. Pallas||, are the fame with this bird, notwithftanding the above authors confider them as new fpe- cies§. The Spanifh Duck was firtt defcribed by Linneus, and I muft confefs that the defcription of the three birds in queftion agree with each other exceedingly. Weftern Duck, Gen. Syn. vi. p. 532. N® 74. Anas difpar, M, & Fem, Sparrm. Mu/. Carl/. a Ho HE male has been befonedetaribed: The female has. : the. whole plumage mixed brown and ferru- ginous, not unlike that 0 of the Woodcock. The quills are all ftrait, and of a dufky cc alan ; the fecondaries have fome of them white - Ay - = ue * Encyclopédie mitbatiq, vol.i. Pp. 341. + Facquin. t Ann. i. N° 79. ] Trav. ii. p-713- © § Mr. Pennant. nee es tips, 275 Rite SHIELDRAKE., 69. SPANISH D. 74. + WESTERN D. FEMALE, 276 88. + COMMON TEAL. PINK-HBADED D. Pu. CXIX. DESCRIPTION. De WU, Cy Ke tips, making a fpot on the wing: fome of the wing coverts have alfo white tips, forming a Hise fpot of white forwards: the_legs: are black. 2 A pair of thefe were fhot at one time, ona river in Offrogothia; in Sweden. Common Teal, Gen. Syx. vi. p. 551. N° 88. Anas Crecca, Sepp Vog. pl. in p. 147. M. and Fem. OTH the Garganey and this bird are found on the coafts of Kent in the winter *. “The Zeal is now known to breed in the moffes about Carlifle, in Cumberland+. Both the Garganey and Teal extend to India, as I have met with them in drawings done in that country. I likewife find, that the Wild Duck, the Shovelers. and the Gadwal, inhabit the coaft of Coromandel, and, no doubt, other parts of India. IZE of the Black-billed Whiftling Duck: length twenty-one inches. Bill two inches and a half in length, a trifle bent at the point ;. colour of that, the whole of the head, and half the- neck, a fine pink ; and, as far as that colour extends, the feathers are fhort and downy : irides red: the lower part of the neck, and the reft of the plumage, a dufky deep-chocolate brown; except. a kind of fpeculum, formed of three-or four: of the quills, which are of a pale red, or ruft-colour : fome of the lower ‘wing coverts are curved downwards at the ends, as.in-the male of the Weftern Duck t: the tail is two inches i in length, and the wings: reach near one third * Mr, Boys. + Dr. Hiya iy i Syae vi. De 532: thereon ;- LONG BS Dy Uese’ K. thereon: the legs are blue grey, and rather longer than in many ef the genus. The female {carce differs from the male. Inhabits various parts of India; moft frequent in the province of Oude. Is feldom feen in flocks, for the moft part, only two be- ing found together. Is often kept tame *.. SIZE of a Tame. Goofe: \ength twenty-fix.inches. Bill two - inches long, and of a bright yellow; nail black: the head, throat, and hind. part of the neck, are white: at the back part of the head, below the eye, acrefcent of black, the horns curving up- wards towards the eye; below this is a fecond; and under this, moft part of the back of the neck is black alfo: the back is of a. fine pale grey ;. the edges of the feathers lighteft : wings pale afh- colour ;. edges-of the prime quills dufky : lower part of the neck. before, breaft, and upper part of the belly, a moft elegant pale afh-colour, edged with white: lower belly deep brown, edged with white : rump and vent fnow white: tail fine light grey, tip-- ped with white : legs reddifh yellow. Inhabits India. 1 am informed, that this fpecies-is often met wits by hundreds in a flock in the winter months, and is very de- ftructive to the corn.. Suppofed to come from Thiet, and other parts towards the north, departing again as the fummer ap- proaches. Its flefh is much efteemed f. * Mr. Middleton. +. Major Roberts, 277 PLrace.- 100. BARRED- HEADED G.. DascripTione Place... [ 378) Gives XCHI P EN GU dN. Cape Penguin, Gen. Syn. vir p. 566. N° 5. E find by Mr. Sparrman*, that at prefent the little ifland of Malagas, in Falfe Bay, is particularly reforted to by the Pen- guins and Seals; and although Robben or Seal [land (otherwife called Penguin Ifand) in Table Bay, bears the name of the bird, they have been feldom found there fince the ifland has been in- habited. * Voy, is ps 240 GENUS EO27b ud Genus "XCIV) PoE LY -Cc A N. Corvorant, Gen. Syz. vi. p. 593. N® 13.—-Sepp Vog. pl. in p. T is difficult to make the Corvorant rife from the water, efpe- cially if followed, and obliged to dive many times, as its fea- thers imbibe much wet. On this account, it is obferved, that when it comes out of the water, it expands and flaps the wings as foon as poffible, that the feathers may the fooner dry. Mr. Fack- Jon obferved to me, that having once made a great noife beneath the neft of a Corvorant which had built in the rocks, he frighten- ed out three young, which not being fledged enough to fly, drop- ped into the water, but immediately {wam about, and dived with- out the leaft difficulty, as if they had been ufed to that element. Both Corvorant and Shag are called about Sandwich by the name of Cole-Goofe *. ater Spotted Shag, Gen. Syx. vi. p. 602. N° 18. Pelicanus punctatus, Sparrm. Mu/. Carl/. pl 10. HIS, like the Corvorant, and many other birds, has, no doubt, two manners of building, each fuited to its prefent conveni- ence. It is faid ufually to build among the rocks; but we are told by Dr. Sparrivaz, that it makes the neft in the trees alfo. * Mr. Boys. Gannet, 13. 4 CORVO- RANT. ¥8.. SPOTTED SHAG. ao PB Ly APO AUN, 72h. Gannet, Gez. Sym. vi. p. 608. N° 2c. ~4-G ANNE. : : WW Find that itis net the Pelecanus Sula of Linnaeus, but the Sula “ Hoieri, a different bird, and a mere variety of our Common Gan- net, which is now and then found ia this Kingdom*. It chiefly varies in having fome of the fecond quills, and fome of the tail feathers, black. Mr. Martin, of Teingmouth, in Devonfbire, fufpe&ts that the Gannet breeds thereabouts, as he has feen the old birds in the fummer feafon. 26. Leffer Gannet, Gen. Syx. vi. p. 611. N° 262 Var. Lev. Mu. Wee ee ase IZE of a Duck: length twenty inches. Bill ftrait, as in the DESCUIEEION, Gannet, and fhaped like it ; colour reddifh brown, with a dufky or black point ; the bafe, and fkin round the eye, of a deep red, The plumage is wholly white, except the wings, fcapulars, and middle of the back, which are dufky, and the quills black: the tail is even at the end: legs blood red. I apprehend this bird to be a variety of the Lefer Gannet. It differs chiefly in being fmaller, and in having the tail feathers white throughout, which in the other are only white at the bafe, the reft of the length being black. ® Syn. vol. vi. p. 613.— Ard. Zool. Vole iis po 583. 3 A LIST 28x SS EEE A LIST of the Birpvs of Grear Britain; Comprehending all fuch as cither vifit us at uncertain Seafons, or are ufually domefticated, as well as thofe which are known to be conftant Inhabitants. EXPLANATION OF THE Marks, + Thofe which are found with us in the Summer Seafon. * Such as are Winter Inhabitants. : ~- || The more rare Birds. : ft Thofe which breed with us in a domefticated State. Diversion Ie) LAND BTR DS: Diy rs Hon Uses eW Avie ER = Bil Raby Ss: Der iv. > ees Obrtpur nw ey RGA PUA Gel 'O.U-S: 2 Genus II. Fatcon. Synopfis. Supplem. Br. Zool. Fatco. Syft. Nat. I. Sra Eagle * —| I. p. 30) —p. g|/ I. N° 44) Offifragus — —jp. 124. N° 4 Golden E. > —| —— 31] —— 10] —— 42]|Chryfaetos — —|— 125 — ‘5 Ringtail E. © —| —— 32] —— id.|) —— 43]|Fulvus — Ss] Cinereous E.¢ =| —— 33] —— 11]) —— 45|\Albicilla (Yutur, Lin.) |}— 123 — 8 Ofprey — —| — 45| —— 13] —— 46||Halietus — —l— 129 — 26 Common Buzzard —| —— 48} —— 14]| —— 54||Buteo _ —|— 127 — 15 Honey BL — — 52| —— id. —— 56/|Apivorus — —/— 130 — 28 Moor B. — —| —— 53) —— 15] — 57|| Mruginofus —|— id. — 29 Gofhawk® — —|! —— 58) —— 16]| —— 52/|Palumbarius —|— —— 30 Kite f — —| — 61} — 17] — 53]/Milvus — —|— 126 + 12 Gentil Falcon —-| —— 64] —— id.|| —— 50]/Gentilis — —|— —— 13 Peregrine F. —| — 72| —— 18] —— 48]/Peregrinus — —| ———— 74, ——— || —— 55||Danicus || Spotted F.* a In the North of Exgland and in Scotland, alfo in Ireland. b Caernarvonfbire, Snowdon, Ireland. c Frequent in Scotland, and called the Black Eagle.—In the Peak of Derby/bire. 4 In Scotland, and the Orknies : conftantly breeds in Cumberland. © Scotland, Ireland. £ Not feen in the Northern counties in winter. & The Gentil F, is probably only the young of the Ga/hawk. h Shot at Halifax, in York/bire. SUPPL, Oo Rough 232 LIST OF THE BIRDS FaAaLtcon. A . Synopfis. } Supplem. Br. Zool. FALCO Syft. Nat. I. ? | Rough-legged F.i] I. p. 75) — p. 18|[I. p. 632|| Norvegicus — || Grey F.* — —| —— 82 I. N° 49]|Grifeus White Jerfalcon! -—| —— 83 Brown Lanner ™ —— 86| —— 21 — 47|| [fandus 5r||\Lanarius = — p» 129. N° 24 Hen-Harrier ® —| —— 88 —— 58|Cyaneus —| —126 — 10 Ring-tail — —}—— 89} —— 22|| —— 59//Pygargus |) ee er Keftril — —| — 94) —— 25|) —— 60] Tinnunculus —| —127 — 16 Sparrow-Hawk —] —— 99| —— 26] —— 62] Nifus —_ —| —130 — 31 Hobby® — —| ——103] —— 28] —— 61/Subbuteo — —|—— — 14 Merlin? — —| ——106] —— 29] —— 63] 4/aln — —| — } | Genus {ll Owt. Som Ral xX. ) Great eared O. 9 —| ——116| —— 40)) —— 64]]Bubo — —|—I3I— 7 Long-eared O. 9 —] —~—121] —— 42|| —— 65|/Otus —_ —| —132— 4 * Short-eared O.' -—| ——124| —— 43|| ——— 66]|Brachyotos — —| ———— WhiteO. — —| ——138| —— 46|| —— 67||Flammea — —/ —133 — § Tawny O. — —] —~139}| —— || —— 68]/Stridula — —|—- — 9 Brown O. — —| ——140| —— 47|| —— 69]/Ulula — | eee q Little O.* — 150] —— 48]| —— 7ol|Paflerina —- —|—— — 12 i Not very common. I have twice received it from Suffolk. Has allo been fhot near London: k Once thot at Halifax, in Yorkfbire. 1 Inhabits the North of Scotland. m Once caught in a decoy in _Lincolnfhire. n By fome late obfervations it fhould feem that the Hex-Harrier and Ringtail differ only in fex. ° The Hobby fuppoted to migrate hence in Ofeber. Pp The Merlin does not appear in the South till towards the winter: breeds in Scotland, alfo in Cumberland. 4 This fpecies is very rarely feen in England. " Appears with us in Oéfober--faid to come and go with the Woodcock: hence by fome called the Waodcock Owl, s Exceedingly rare in England. ORDER OF GREAT ‘BR? TAUN 283 O'R, DE, BR. > IT, Pw tees: Genus IV. SHRI = E. Synopfise | Supplem. Br. Zool. LANtruUs,. Syt Nat J. +Great cinereousSh.'|I. p. 160] — p. 51]} I. N° 71||Excubitor —|p. 135 — 11 +Red-backed Sh." —| ——167| —— 52]| —— 72/Collurio — —}| —130 — 12 +Wood ChatY —] ——169 —- 73|Rufus =| ———- Genus XII. Crow. Corvus. Raven — —| —367] —— 74|| —— 74] Corax — —| —I155 —= 2 Crow -— —| ——370) —— 75|) —— 75/|Corone -= —-|— — 3 Rook — =|) — 372] —— 76] —— 76|/Frugilegus — —/—156— 4 * Hooded Cr.¥ —| -——374}| —— 77|| —— 77]||Cornix = —|— — 5 Jackdaw — —| ——378] —— 78) —— 8:1/}Monedula —~ —|—= — 6 Jay — —| —384| —— 79|| —— 79} Glandarius —_|—_ — 7 Magpie — —| ——392] —— 80] —— 78|/Pica _— - —| —157 — 13 | Nutcracker * —| ——4o00] —— 8a2/\III. p. 625|} Caryocatactes —|— —10 Red-legged Cr. —| ——go1 I, N° 80/Graculus — —j|—158 — 18 Genus _ XIII. ROLLER: CoRACIAS. | Garrulous R.7 — et p. 624 cies — 85 Garula — =| —15g— ¢& Gewuvus XIV. OrroLtuvus, ORIO#£E. | Galbula — =| —i60 = 1 | Golden O. 7 a Pp: i = call —p.626 This fpecies not common; moft fo in the South of England. Only feen in fummer. u Both this and the laft breed with us, but depart in autumn: this is not uncommon. v Exceedingly fearce. I never yet met with it, w Breeds both in Scotland and Ireland. Not feen in the South, except in the winter months. x Scarce ever met with in England. ¥ Has only once or twice been fhot in this kingdom, z Is now and theh met with in England. Oo3 Genus 284 LiIs/T; OF -T-H-EL BIR D'S Genus XIX. Br. Zool. I, N° 82 Supplem. — P- 98 Genus XX, Cuckow. Synopfis. + Common C. —|lII. p. 509 Cuculus. | Syft. Nat. I. Canorus — p- 168. N° WRYNECK. : | Yuunx. + Common Wr. —| ——548] ——103|] —— 83]|Torquilla — —| —172 — Genus XXI. W ooDPECKER. Pete aus. { Great black W.* | ——560} ——104|| ——— ||Martius — —| —173 — Greater fpotted W. | ——564} ——107|| —— 85]! Major —_ —| —176 — Middle {potted W.> | ——565| —— id.|| —— 86||Medius — —|—$ — Leffler fpotted W. -—| ——566| —— id.|| —— 87||Minor — —|— — | Hairy W. © —| —572| ——108 Villofus — —|—175 — Green We — —| ——577| ——110|| —— 84||Viridis — —|_—— — ~Genus XXIII. KINGSFISHER. ALECEDO. |. Common K. —| ——626| ——113|| —— 88||Ifpida — —| —179 — Genus XXIV. NuTHATCH. Seren yay | European N. —| — 648] ——117|| —— 89||Europea — —|—177 — Genus XXVII. Hoopoe. | UPuP A, | |} Common H.¢ —| --——687] ——122|| —— 90|| Epops = —| —183 — Genus XXVIII. CREEPER. }. CERTHIA. Common Cr. —| —701] ——126|] —— 91]||Familiaris —| —184 — a Has been met with in the South of England : now and then {aid to have been feen in Devon/hire. > This is a {carce fpecies. ¢ Lately found to inhabit York/ire. 4 Oftener met with England than is generally fuppofed; Ihave had move than. one or two proofs of its breeding os RED E I 3 I £ I in R OF GREAT BRITAIN. 285 OrpveR Ii. PASS: EO RT NE: GFECN U-S) |) XE SePMAOR: Es . Synopfis. | Supplem, Br. Zool. STURNUS Syft. Nat. I. Common St. “the p. 2|—p.137||I..N° ro4|| Vulgaris. — —| p.290.N° ¢ Genus XXXI. THRUSH. Turopuws, Miffel Thr. —| —— 16) ———-_ ||: ——105|| Vifcivorus —|— 291 — x Throftle — —| —— 18) ——139|] —— 107|;/Muficus — —|— 290 — 4 * Redwing —} — 22} —— id. |} ——108]|Iliacus - —|— — 3 * Fieldfare —| — 24 —106]||Pilaris — —|— 291 — 2 Blackbird — —j —— 43} ——141]] ——r09|| Merula _ —|— 2905 — 22 Ring Ouzel° —| —— 46) —— id.}} ——rro|] Torquatus —|— 296 — 22 Water O.5 —| —— 48| ——142]) ——111]/Cinclus (Sturaus, Lin.)}|— 290 — 5 ||Rofe-coloured Thr.f} —— 50] —— id.|iII. p. 627|| Rofeus = —|— 294 — 15 Genus XXXII. CHATTERER. AMPELIS, | Waxen Ch." = I, Nerr2 — »| : Garrulus — —|—g97 — x Genus XXXIV. GROSBEAK, Loxra. Common Crofsbil! * | ——106} ———= || ——115|)Curviroftra — —/— 299 — 1 Hawfnch * — 109 148|/ ——113]/Coccothrauftes —| —— — 2: Pine Grofbeak! —| ——111) —— id.]) ——114]|Enucleator —|—_ — 3 Greenfinch —| ——134) ——152|| ——117||Chloris _— —|— 304 — 27 Bulfinch — —| —143) — id.||) ——116}/Pyrrhula — —l— 300 — 4 e Breeds in the North of Exgland; in Wales and Scotland ; feen in the Southonly in /pring and autumn, during its migrations. f Inhabits chiefly the northern parts of this kingdom. & Rare in Exgland ; has been fhot in Norfolk, Lancafhire, and once near London. h Not commonly met with in the South, yet more frequent than the laft-named. i Sometimes vifits us in vaft flocks. k Now and then met with in Exgland, perhaps may fometimes breed here, as it has been feen in the f{ummer months. 1 Inhabits Scotland only, breeding in the pize-forells, GENUS 286 BuNTING. Snow B.™ Tawny B.° Mountain B. ° Yellow B. Common B. Reed BL —= || Green-headed B. Fincuw. Houfe Sparrow Tree Sparrow 3 Chafinch — * Brambling* Goldfinch — * Sifkin — Common Linnet Greater Redpole Leffler D° — Mountain Linnet Var. A. Twite —|III.p.161]— p.157\|l. N° 122 Pp Stee ley FLYCATCHER. + Spotted F). — Genus XXXV. Synopfise Supplem. ——— 165 —E ——170| ———-157 —171| —_—— Fels Rae oss 20]) oes LIST OF THE BIRDS Br. Zool. | EMBERIZA. Syft. Nat. I. Nivalis —] p. 308. Ne x —121]|Frigida ss 123|| Montana =—_- — a ——— ——119|Citrinella —|— 309 — ——118)}| Miliaria —|— 208 = 3 —-120||Scheniclus —|— 311 — 17 a= |[Solitaria — Se Genus XXXVII. ——~=248} ——163 —252| —— id. —257| ——165 FRINGILLA. ——~127]| Domettica — 323 = 36 —-128||Montana — — 324 — 37 —— 125} Celebs — — 318 — 3 126]| Montifringilla ——174]|Carduelis — ——129]|Spinus — ——130]| Linota = ——131||Cannabina — 322 — 28 ——132{|Linaria ~— — — 29 SEE E! | | © ——133||Pipilans = Gewus XXXVIII. MuscicaPa. —134] Grifola — —|— 328 — 20 + Pied Fl —- =|. ——-324 ——135| Atricapilla —- —|- 326 — g mno Moftly found in the North of Exgland; rarely in the South. P Caught in Maryzle-Bon=fields near London. q. Chiefly found in Laxcafbire, Lincolufbire, and York{hire. * Sometimes comes into Exgland in vatt flocks, and mixes with the Ghafinches. Genus s OF GREAT BRITAIN. 287 Ce Sod 7, SAR Ke Synopfis. Supplem. Br. Zool. ALAUDA. Syft. Nat. 1. Sky Lark — =I[V.p.368] —— |[I.N°136]/Arvenfis — —lp. 287. Ne Wood L. — —| —371| — ——137||Arborea — —|—_ — 5 Tit L. —_- —|——374, — ——133||Pratenfis — —|——- — 2 Field L — —| — 375, — ——139]| dgre/tis — -—_|—-—_ || Red L. = —| —376| —— —140]| Pen/filvanica —_|-—— || Leffercrefted L. -| ——391]| —— ——141||Crifiatella — —j — Genus XL. WacTAIL MoTACILLA. White W. —| —295| ——178]| ——142||Alba — —|— 331 — 14 Grey W.t — —|} ——=398} —— id.|) ——144||Boarula — —| ———— + Yellow W —| ——400) ——179]} ——143||Flava — —|— 331 — 12 Genus XLI. WARBLER. SYLVIA (Motacilla, Lin.) + Nightingale —| ——408) ——180]) ——145]/Lufcinia — —|— 228 = « + Greater Pettychaps}] ——413] —— — Simplex — Se ee + Leffer D° —) ——id.| —— —149||Hippolais — —/|— 330 — 7 HedgeeW — —j ——419| —— —150]|Modularis = —|— 329 — 3 + Redftart — —| ——421) —— || ——146)|Pheenicurus —|— 335 — 34 + White-throat — | ——428) —— ——100]| Communis — —_ —_——_——= + Grafshopper W. —| -—-429| —— ——156]| Trivialis (Alauda, Lin.) |— 288 — § + Sedge W. —| —430| ——180]] ——155|/Salicaria — —|— 330 — 8 *? Dartford W." —| ——435| -——181|| ——1061|| Dartfordien/is a Redbreaft — —|——442} —— |] ——147||Rubecula -— —|— 337 — 45 ® Now and then mét with in the neighbourhood of London ; but more common in America. ' Breede in the North of England ; only feen in the South during the winter months. u This is probably only a winter inhabitant, at leaft it has not yet been feen in the /wmmer feafon in the South of England. 2 Stone 238 ‘HIS TOT. THE BER Dis WARBLER. Synopfis. Supplem. Br. Zool. SYLVIA. Syt. Nat. I. Stone Chat —|IV.p.448| —— |. N° 159 |Rubicola —| p. 332. N° xz Whin Chat —| ——454| —— || ——158|Rubetra —| — _ — 16 + Wheat Ear —| —465| ——182|) ——157|Oenanthe —|-— — 15 + Grey D°. Var A.| ——467| —— _ || Append. lid. @. — —|=— — id. Common Wren —| ——506| ——~ 154'| Troglodytes —|— 327 — 46 Gold-crefted Wr. -| ——-508| —— —153|Regulus — —|— 338 — 48 + Yellow Wr. all See LU —151| Frochilus —|— — 49 + D° Var. —| —513|_ — —152 |Acredula —|— —498 + Reed Wr. ” —| — ——184]) —— |/Arundinacea —_—_—_— qtLefferWhite-throat™}] ——— | ——185)) ——. || Sylviella TITMOUSE. - Parus. Great T. —| ——530| —— —-162|| Major — —l— 341 — +3 Colemoufe * —| ——540| ——189|) ——164]| Ater = —|—- — ¥ Marfh T. —| =—541| —— id.||) ——165||Paluftris —|_—— — 8 Blue T. —| —543| —— —— 163}|Czruleus —|}— — 5 Long-tailed T. = —| —~550| ——r190|| ——166|| Caudatus —|— 342 — IT Bearded T.y —| ——552| —— id.||] ——167||Biarmicus —|— —— 12 Genus XLIV.. SwaALLow. | HiIirRuNDoO. 4+ Chimney Sw. —| ——561| ——192'| ——168]|Ruftica —- ——343- 1 + Martin —| ——564| —— id.) ——169|| Urbica — —|— 344 — 3 + Sand M. —| ——568} —— ——170||Riparia — —|—— — 4 + Swift — —| ——584, —— | —.r171)Apus — —|——- — 6 Genus XLV. GoaTSUCKER, CAPRIMULGUS. t EuropeanG. —| ——593] ——194|] ——172||Europzus _ —|— 346 — I vw Newly-difcovered {pecies. Iapprehend the latter to be the Motacilla Sylvia of Linneus, vather than the White-throat, as is by fome fuppofed. x It is by many held in doubt, whether or not this and the aext are difting& {pecies. ¥ No doubt breeds in Exgland, as I have met with it at all feafons. ORDER ODE, Greer aA” BRT A PN: 289 OURS Dera Re aks. COVE U WE B.E NUE. Genus XLVI. PIGEON. Synopfis. Supplem. Br. Zool. CoLUMBA. Syfte Nat. I. Stock P. —{IV.p.604] p. 197||I. N° ror}}Oenas — —| p- 279. N° 1 Ring Ph — —| ——635| ——198|] ——102/||Palumbus —|— 282 — 1g + Common Turtle -| ——644] ——1I99|| ——103]/Turtur =— —|— 284 — 32 + Spotted-necked D° | ——645| ——200]|_ ‘ 3 OCR Dp: © eR Ve Go Ae UL SEEN (ACE +O: Ui Ss Genus XLVII. PON Ve Ch PEAacOcCR, Criftatus — —|—267 — £ t Crefted P. a ta — Genus XLVIII. —278 MELEAGRIS, TuRkEY. Gallopavo —|— 268 — 4 ~ Common T. -| ene ——203 Genus XLIX, on ee | NuMIDA. PinTapDo. t Guinea P. — coh —204|| ——280]|Meleagris —|— 273 wo Genus LI. PHEASANT. PHASIANUS. t Cock and Varieties) ——700]-——207]] ——279||Gallus — —|— 270 — «££ Pheafant —_ 712) —— —280]|Colchicus —|— 271 — +3 Ring De. Var. —}| ——715] ——208 t Painted Phe? = =—}] ——717) —— =—— |/Pidus - 7 t Pencilled Phe —} ——719| —— — || Ny&hemerus —|}— — 6 2 A beautiful variety. Has been many times fhot at large, and no doubt will foon become as plentiful as the common fpecies. 4 Has been found at large feveral times, and poflibly may hereafter become commen. SuPPL, Pp GENUS 299 LIST OF THE BIRDS Gaz wt uv sr Lill. Grows, Synopfis. Supplem. | Br. Zoole | TETRAO. Syf. Nat. I. | Wood Gr. * —l[V.p.729| —— |I. Ne 92] Urogallus —| p. 273. Ne 5 Black Gr. —| —-733| ——213]| 93|\Tetrix — —|— 274— 2 | Spurious Gr. Var. | ——734 nara —— id.}!/Hybridus —|— 273 —18 Ptarmigan —| —741 (= 95|/Lagopus — —|—274— 4 Red Gr. —| ——746 —n16 — G4 |Seatieu Genus LIV. PARTRIDGE. PERDIX (Tetrao, Lin.) Common P. —| —v762| —~ ——— 96]/Cinerea —- —l— 276 — 13 || Guernfey P.© —| ——~—768] ——220]/ —— _ |/Rufa — —|— 276 — 12 Common Quail —] ——779} ——222|| —— 97/|Coturnix —|— 278 — 20 Genus LVI. BusTARD. Oris. Great B. —| —796] —— || —— o8}/Tarda — —|— 264 — 1 Little B.¢ —| ——799| ——226]| —— oo]|Tetrax — —}—— — 3 ‘Thick-kneed B. —} ——-806) —— ——100}} Oedicnemus (Cbaradrius)|— 255 — 10 -. b This Genus, for the moft part, inhabits only the more Northern counties; the firft fpecies found only in Highlands of Scotland, where at this prefent it is very rare. ¢ @ Now and then met with at large in England; but as both of them prefer the warmer climates, it is fearce probable that they will ever become common in this ifland, DIV. Ff, OF GREAT BRITAIN. agt Div. II. WATER-BIRDS. QR DoE RU VES Wits Croven Fest. GE EN Wesel flees Br. Zook. SPOONBILL. | Synopfis. | Supplem. PLATALEA: Syft. Nat. I jj White Sp. ¢ —p. Vie peeks II. p. 634 |} Leucorodia —| p.231. N° x Genus LXV. HERON. ARDEA. {| Common Crane £ {| White Stork § {| Night Heron® Bittern — | Little B. i —— 40| ————_—- Wl: ——629}/Grus = —|— 234 — £4 —— 47| ——234 Ciconia — — 53) — id. Ny&ticorax —|— — 9 560| —— id. |J—N° 174||Stellaris — —|— 239 — 25 66] ———-235||— p. 633||Minuta — —|— 240 — 26 Common Heron — 83) —— id.!—N°173||Cinerea — 2236-11-12 J Egret® — 90} ————_||— p- 631}|Garzetta — —/— 237 — 13 ee Wh. Heron!} —— g1| ——— ||—N? 175/|Alba — —|— 239 — 24 rican) = ct er Pallett Rutila — SS (GUE Nu) ee oe ols Igrs. | TANTALUS. 1 Gloffy 1." Tgneus = — ers Genus LXVII. CuRLEW. NUMENIUS(ScolopaxLin:) Common C, —| ——I19} —Pp. 242) ——176]|Arquatus — —|— 242 — 3 Whimbrel — —| ——123) ——— | —177||Phzopus — —|—— — 4 Pygmy 9 = — ——— 127 nr —— Pygmaus c—3 a es ¢ Very rare. A flock of them migrated into the marfhes near Yarmouth, in 1774. F Said to be common in Exgland many years ago, now {carce ever met with. & Has twice been met with in this kingdom. h One fhot-near Londox in 1782. i Only two or three times feen in England. k 1 Once faid to be plentiful here, now very rarely met with. m One fhot in Afbdown Park, Berks; an African fpecies ? n Chiefly inhabits Rufia; one in the Leverian Mufeum, thot in Cornwall. ° Two only upon record; one met with in Holland, the other hot laft year near Sandwich, in Kent. The weight of this fpecimen was almoft 2 ounces, length 83 inches, breadth 15% inches, bill r2 inch; the edges of all the feathers a very pale oker inftead of white. Dr. Leith feems to think that he has met with this bird in the marfhes near Greenwich, in the month of Augu/t. Ppa GENUs 292 LIST OF THE BIRDS Geunuos LXVIII. Snipe. Synopfise Supplem. Br. Zool. SCOLOPAX. | Syft. Nat. ¥. Woodcock —|V.p. 129) — p. —|II.N°178||Rufticola — —\p. 243. N° 6 || Great Snipe ® = —| ——133| ———= || ——188|| Media — _ * Common Snipe —| ——134| ———— || ——187||Gallinago —|— 244 — 7 * Jack Sn. —| —136| ——— | ——189||Gallinula — —|— —— | Red Godwit? —}] ——1z42 | ——181]||Lapponica —|— 246 — 15 Common G. —| ——144| ——245] ——179|| #gocephala —|—- ——I1 — Var. A. —}| ——145| ——— || ———- _ |I— Var. _ | Cinereous G.* —] —— id.| ——— _ || ——-180||Cineracea — — || Cambridge G.* —}| ——146 —— 185]| Cantabrigien/is —|, | Jadreka Sne © —| —— id.}| a———— | ——182||Limofa — —|— 245 —' 13 * Greenfhank —| ——~147| ——245) ——183}\Glottis — —|— 245 — 10 || Spotted Sn. —| ——148 | ——186]|Totanus — —|— —— — 12 Redihank —= © —| ——150| —+245|, ——184 Wares = —|—= 245 — 1K | 5 Genus LXIX. SANDPIPER. TRINGA. +Ruf — —| —r59| ——— || —I92|/Pugnax — —| —247— F&F Lapwing — —j} ——161] ——— || —190||Vanellus —| —248 — 2 || Gambet —| —167 /——198|\Gambetta — —}|—— — 32 * Grey S. —| ——168 248 |, ——191 ||Squatarola —| —252 — 23 * Green S. —}| ——170| ——— || ——201 ||Ocropus — —| —250 — 13 ———Var. A. —| ——171| —— — Var. — * Afh-coloured S. —| ——177| ———= |} ——194||Cinerea? — — + Common 5. —| ——178| ——— || ——204||Hypoleucos —| —250 — 14. || Spotted 5. —| ——179| ——— || ——196||Macularia —|—249 — 7 Purre _ —| ——182| ——— || ——206]/[Cinclus — —| —251 — 18 ——Var. A —| ——183| ———= _ || ——— 1 ij] Little S. —| —184 — 207 ||/Pufilla — —|— 252 — 20 Dunlin .—. —}| ——185| ——249]} II. 205}Alpina = — —| —249 — II Red S. — =—| —186 202—203]|\Icelandica —j| Addend. + Knot — —| —187 ——193|/Canutus — —]—251 — 15 ‘Turnftone —| ——188| ——249]| ——199||Interpres —| —248 — 4 a———Var. A. | ——190| ——— || ——200]|Morinella — —}—248— 6 p Has twice been fhot in Kent, and once in Lancafbire: is a very rare {pecies. 4. Only has been ne nid twice in England, ® A fingle fpecimen thot in. Lincoln/fbire. s Once fhot near ambridge. : © | Greenwich, OF GREAT BRITAIN. 293 SANDPIPER. Synopfis. | Supplem. 7 Bre Zool. TRINGA. Syft. Nat. I. ! Greenwich S.t —|V. p. —|—p. 249] If. — || Grenovicenfis i Brown S. = 250}) 195|| Fufca — —-| —— Black S.* —-|=—-— Serre | —197]\ Leucura” ee Genus LXX. * With a ftraight Bill. PLOVER. : CHARADRIUS, Golden PI. m—| ———193| ——252]/ ——208||Pluvialis — —|— 254 — 7 || Long-legged PI]. —| ——195| —— id.|} ——209]/Himantopus —|— 255 — 1 Sanderling — —| ——197| ——253 212||Calidris — — — 9g. + Ringed Pl. | == — 211}}Hiaticula — ~-|— 253 — 1 + Dotterel —| ——208] ——253]} ——210]|Morinellus —|— 254 — § ———Var A. —| —209} — — ** With a curved Bill. Wren On| ——217| ——254|| —— Curfor —_—" a —— Genus LXxXI. OysTerR-CATCHER. | H#MATOPUS. Pied O. C. —{ ——2190) —— |} —213||Oftralegus —) 257 — Genus _ LXXII. Re Ay ike: RALLUS, | Water R. —| —227| —— || ——214]|Aquaticus —|— 262 — 2 \ Genus, LXXV. GALLINULE. GALLINULA, , (Rallus & Fulica, Lin.) + Crake G. —| —250) —— ——216]|Crex (Rallus) —|— 261 — #£ €ommon G. —| —258] —— 217||Chloropus (Fulica) —|— 258 — 4 | Spotted G. —| ——264, —— || —215}|Porzana (Rallus) —|\— 262 — 3 * A fingle fpecimen fhot near Greenwich, in Kent. u Once met with in the London market. Y A bird of this {pecies was fhot in Lincoln/hire. w Two only on record have been met with Europe, the one in France, the other in Exgland, thot in Kent, and in my own colleétion, ORDER 294 Ist Or Tre BFR D's s OUR DE OR VEE With PINNATED FEET. Genus LXXVII. PHrALAROPE. Synopfise y° Supplem. Br. Zooey | PHALAROPU Sy } Syfte Nate Ie (Tringa, Lin.) || Red Ph. * —|V. p.271]—p. —|III.N° ato] Fulicarius —|p. 249. N° ro || Grey Ph. ¥ —| —272| —— ——218||Lobatus — —|——- -— +8 Genus. LXXVIII. Coot. Furréa. Common C. —| —275|— p. 259) ——2201| Atra — —|—257 — 2 Greater C. —| —277, —— —221||Aterima — —/— 258 — 3 Grewvus LXXIX. GREBE. PoDICEPS, - (Colymbus, Ein.) Crefted Gr. * —| -— 281) —— fl} 223 )/Criftatus — —)—222— ¥ Tippet Gr. ? —| —283, — ——222||Urinator — -—|—223— 9 Eared Gr. — —|] ——285| —— |} ——22q4|/Auritus — —] —222 — 8 Dufky Gr. —| —286| —— ——225|| Nigricans — —| ———— Red-necked Gr. ® —| ——288} ——260 Rufcollis — —| ——— Little Gr. —| — 289, — ——226]|Minutus —= —| ———— | Black-chin Gr.¢ -| ——292]} —— {| ——227 eerie -( —-—— x y Both of thefe extremely rare in this kingdom. z 2 Thefe two are probably cny one fpe~ cies, the laft not in full plumage. > But lately difcovered in this kingdom. © Not hitherto met with, except in the Hebrides. gf ORDER 4 ¢ Thefe two are one and the fame fpecies, the latter being a young bird. OF GREAT BRITAIN. 295 OrpveER IX. WEB-FOOTED. * With long Legs. Genus LXXX: AVOSET. | Synopfis. | Supplem. | Br. Zool. || RECURVIROSTRA- Syft. Nat. I. Scooping Av. —|V. p.293|— p.263}}[I.N°228]|Avofetta —- —l\p. 256. N° ** With fhort Legs. Genus LXXXIV. Auk. AGTICE A. | Great A. —| —311| — —229||Impennis — —I\p. 210. N° 3 Pufine — —| —314| — || —232]/Arctica — —/— 211 — 4 Razor-billed A.¢ -—| ——-319] —~264 230]|Torda — —|— 210— 1 *Black-billed A. —-} ——320} —— _ || ——231]|Pica _ —|— — 2 ‘Little AA — —| ——327} —— | ——233][ Alle _ —|—211— 5 Genus LXXXY. GuILLEMoT. URIA, (Colymbus, Lin.) Foolith G. f —| ——229| ——265]) ——234|Troile — =| 900 -=au8 » Leffler G.t —| ——33! —235||Ringuia — —| ——— -BlackG. — —| ——332| ——265]] ——236|Grylle — —|— 220— 4£ =———Spotted Var, | ——334| —— || —— id. Genus LXXXVI. DiveER. CoLymMeBus. fdcttbers D. —| —337| —— |} —237||Glacialis — —/— 221 — 5 mberD. — —| ——340] —— || ——238]Immer — —|— 222— 6 Speckled D. —| ——341]| —— || ——239|/Stellatus — — i Black-throated D. | ——343] ——— || ——24o0]/Aréticus — —|— 221 — 4 Red-throated D. —| ——344] —— _ |} ——241]|Septentrionalis —|— 220— 3 f g Thefe two birds are likewife fuppofed to be the fame, in different ftages of life, the la not in full plumage. GENUS 196 ‘LS OF) © We, BI BR Des te © Grnwus- LXXSPUL. TERN. Synopfiss Supplem. Br. Zool. St ERNA. Syft. Nat. 1. + Sandwich T*® —jV. p. 356/— p. 266 Sandvicenfis — ~———Var. A.! —| 258 Nevia — —-|p. 228. N° 5? + Common T, —| ——361 II. N° 254, Hirundo — —|— 227 — 2 + Leffler T. —| ——364 —255|Minuta — —|— 228 — 4 + Black T. — 306] ———267 e258) Fiffipes — —|— — 7 Brown 1. * —}| ——363| —— |] —253|Fufca = — — Geng se OKO Guuit.. Larus. Black-backed G.! -|VI.p.371] ———— || ——242||Marinus -—- —j|— 225— 6 Herring G.™ 7° — 3721 ———_ || ——246||Fufcus — —-|—_ — 7 Wagel™ — th OS ——247||Nevius — —|— — 5 Common G. —| —378 +—249||Canus — —|— 224 — 3 Black-headed G. ° —| —— 380} ——268]) —252||Ridibundus —|— 225— 9 Red-legged G.? —| ——-381 —252A.|| Ginerarius —|— 224 — 4? Var. A. | ——382 j Brown-headed G. 4 | ——383] ——— Erythropus — — Winter G. —} —384) ——— || ——248||Bybernus — — Skua —_ —| ——385| ——— || ——243]|Catarractes —|— 226 — Ir | Black-toed G.* —| ——387| ——268]| ——~—244||Crepidatus = — Aric G. || = 2h) ——245||Parafiticus —|- 226 — 10 Tarrocks — —| —392| ——— |} ——251||Trida@ylus —|— 224 — 2 Var. A. ~ —] ——393{ ——268 Kittiwake * —| —— id.| ———_ || ——250||Riffa _ —|— 2244— © Genus XC. PETREL. PROCELLARIA. Fulmar P. —| ——403] ——— || ——257|Glacialis —- —|— 213 — 3 Shearwater P. —| ——-406] ——269]| ——258||Pufinus — —_|— —— Stormy Pe — — 411] —— id.|| ——259|\Pelagica — —l— 212 — 1 a h i Till lately was confounded with the other Terus ; i is the young bird. k A doubtful fpecies. 1 mn Thefe three may poflibly hereafter prove to be of the fame Species, of which the laft is either the female, or young bird in imperfect plumage. ° p Thefe two differ alfo from age ; » is abird of the firft year, as this {pecies does not gain its black head till the fecond. , q A rare fpecies; at firft fight differs not greatly from the b/ack-headed, but on examination feems diftinct. ® Very rare ; one recorded to have been fhot near Oxford, and another killed near Hor/bam, in Sufex : now in my sollection. * * Probably only differing in fex or age. GENUS ~ ‘KOF GREAT BRITAIN 297 Genus XC. MERGANSER. Synopfis. Supplem. | Br, Zool. MerRGuUsS. Syft. Nat 1. Goofander ® —|VI.p.418|— p. 270} TT. N° 250]] Merganfer —!p. 208 N° 2 Dun-diver * —} -—420 id. id.|!Caftor — sa 209 — 4 Red-breafted M. — 423 27%|) ——261|\Serrator — —|— 208— 3 Smew _ — | <4 29 | aes | 262} Albdellus — —|—= 200 — 5 Minute M. er) ——- id.| ; | ——262 ates — —|—id. — 6 Genus XCII. Dim cis. | ANAS. | Whiftling Swan —| ——433} ———272 Cygnus (ferus) —|— 194 — 1 ~ Mute Swan —| ——436 _ (manfuetus) | — id. — 8 t China Goofe —| ——447| —— |! Cygnoides —|—~- — 2 —Var. A. —| —- id.| —— a — — 8B { Canada G. —| —450| ———— Canadenfis —- \—|— 198 — 14 t AigyptianG. = —} ——452| ———= Fiicy ptiaca —|— 197 — 10 || Red-breafted G. ¥ =) —— 455| _————— Rufcllis — —| ——— = Grey lag G. —| —459| ——— Anfer — —|— 197 — 9g * White-fronted G.. | ——463; ———— Albifrons = — —| ——— * Bean G. — —}] ——464) —— Fakalis —_ —_| —— * Bernacle — —j] ——466; ——— Erythropus —|— 197 — 11 % Brent 9 —= —| ——467 Pernicla — —|— 198 — 13 | Eider G. _ 470) ——274 Mollifima — — — 15 t Mofchovy —| —.476 | Mofchata — —l— 199 — 16 * Scoter — —| —<480 Nigra — —|— 196 — 7 * Velvet D. —| —— id.| ——274 Fufca — —|— 196 — 6 t Mallard — —] ——4389 |Bofchas — —|— 205 — 40 + Hook-billed =e 4 95 Adunca — —j|— 206 — 41 -* Scaup D. —| —500 | Marila — —|— 196 — 8 Shieldrake —= —=} ——504 275 Tadorna. — —|— 195 — 4 Shoveler = _ 509 |Clypeata — —|— 200 — Ig || Red-breafted D? -) ——512| ———— Rufigafter — — * Gadwall — —}| —515| ——— Strepera — — 20 * Wigeon — —| — 518} ——— Penelope — — 202 — 27 || Bimaculated D.* | ——521] ——— Glocitans = — _ * Pochard — — 523| —— Ferina _— —|— 903 — 31 —| — 526] —— | Rutila — _ || Ferruginous uv The Goofander and Dun-diver, from late obfervations, feem to be different fpecies, and not merely differing in fex, as generally thought. w Since the year 1766 three {pecimens of this bird have been met with in Exgland, * Once taken in a decoy in Exgland, SUPPL. Qq * Pintail | 298 LIST OF THE BIRDS OF GREAT BRITAIN. [) ee aoe) Duck. Synopfis. Supplem. Br. Zool. ANAS. Syft. Nat. 1. * Pintail D. —|VI.p.526| ———— III. p. 282]! Acuta — —Ip. 202. N° 28 || Long-tailed D. —} ——528} —-—— 283]|Hyemalis — —|— 202 — 29 * Golden-eye —} —535| ——— |} ———276||Clangula —- —|— 201 — 23 * Morillon —| — 537) —— |} —277|}Glaucion -— —l|— 201 — 26 = TDutted Ds - _ 540| ————_ |} ——274]Fuligula — —|— 207 — 45 * Garganey — 550 — 289 ]Querquedula —|— 203 — 32 eal — — 55t\— p- 276 aye Crecca ——|— Pony) 22 Genus XCIV. PELICAN. | PEEECANUS. Corvorant —| ——593| ——279|| ——291]|Carbo — —|— 216 — Shag — —} —598 292\|Graculus . — = —/~ 217 — Crefted Sh. —} ——600 Criflatus — Soland G. —| -——608|—— 280 293||Baflanus — —— 217 — Append. | p——-— Var. A, DIRECTIONS Dik aera ON §s FeO} Row Ey Een po Loe ee 2S: Pb oGacrince KAMSTCHATKA THRUSH. CVII. SpecracLe OwL = fb emtace Page) co CVIII. Matrasar SHRIKE = - 56 CIX. Banxian CocCKATOO = - 63 CX. ReEpD-BILLED PROMEROPS - = - 124 CXI. Hartequin Humminc-Birp shallots CXII. Capitrar TANAGER = - 162 CXIII. Lesser WHITE-THROAT = - 185 CXIV. ImpeyvaAn PHEASANT as - 208 CXV. GrIicGanTic CRANE = 4 - 232 CXVI. CreamM-coLourED PLOVER - - 254 CXVII. CuHINEsE JAcANA - - 256 | CXVIII. ReEep-NECKED GREBE 5 - 260 CXIX. PinK-HEADED Duck - ~ 276 » ACD) DS UR eit OLSING: cA ee C A. LT) AwteesO- G U E Oo fF AU © PaO ORO. Ss Reekn: Phyf. Phyfikalifche Arbeiten der eintrachtigen Freunde in “Wien.—Ienaz von Born. Wien, 4to 1783. Faun. Arag.—IntroduGio in Oryétographiam et Zoologiam Aragonia, accedit enumeratio ftirpium in eadem regione noviter detetarum.— 8vo 1784. Haffilq. Voy. Eng. ed. Voyages and Travels in the Levant, in the Years 17495 50, 515 52, by the late Fred. Haffelquift, M. D.—London, 8vo 1766. Facquin Vog.—Jofeph Franz von Jacquin Beytrage zur Gefchichte der Vogel. Wien. gto 1784. Sparrm. JMéuf. Carlf. Mufeum Carlfonianum, in quo nevas et fe- Je&tas Aves coloribus ad vivum, brevique defcriptione illuftratas, juflu et fumptibus generofifiimi poflefforis, exhibet Andreas Sparrman. Faf- ciculus rt. Holmiz, fol. 1786. Sparrm. Voy. A Voyage to the Cape of Good Hope, towards the an- tarCtic polar circle, and round the World, but chiefly into the country of the Hottentots and Caffres, from the year 1772 to 1776, by Andrew Sparrman, M. D. &c. &c. 2 vols. 4to. London, 1785. ADDITIONAL ADDITIONAL CORRECTIONS InN THA EF OAR E Ro VO. UM Es. ORS oR AW Tie As VOLES I: Page i525) line "65" for = 826; read 56. ,— 21, —— or of. 94> b= cendreée, —_—_—_—_— cendré O65 SS is SYS — 16. 178, ————. 17, ———— 124, —— 5-24. 180, ————>_-17,. ————._ verdatre verte 330, 15, ——— Cochical — Cochicat. 351, * 5> 556 ——— 566. ibid. in the note, planchees - planches. 394, in the margin, — AFRICAN, —— SENEGAL. VeOi Tur 553> 10; ie + 672; 2,) )eratter 10, pl. 43. 682, place the note at the bottom in page 683. 736, line 6, ‘for inches read /ines. . WeOgh., eile 83, —_ 18," iV. ————— jill. 91, ——— 145 299; 297 120, ———- 2, after each, add feather. : 139, ——— 18, __ for 1Q5))) readin 143, ————._ 12, breafi ——— zh. 194, ———— 106, after 1, add p. 311. 198, ——— 17, dele belly white. 206, ———- 11, __ for 316, ———— 315- 307, ————- 117 148, 142. 350, ——— 8, ——— 236, 327. 351, ————-_ 18, ——-—_237, ——— 327. Ds ewe mt oes ao ae ae Taras NBIC CORRECTIONS IN THE FORMER VOLUMES, 3715 378, 339, - 451, 463, 498, 504s oo 5 O45 685, 733» 7°45 142, 159, 183, * 280, 3405 423, 464, 509s 515» VEO VE. line o0517,.7 Pytor, fp. read. No. 224, 22.5, read 226, Suton 2c anead 335. li, a 231s; —— 4, atthe end, add tips of a 2, for ill. p. 344. read v. p. 342. —-— 19, ——__ 340, 342. ——— _ 16, ——— _ Species, Genus. a a Cra EIS ey 72, 7 ——= ~1i, Cref, ————_ reff. Vil Olah; cae ails ais 76. a 1472 ——— 247+ a 29, ———_ 249. I a Hiss doubly read ferratea. VOL. VI. ae 2325 read -222, ——- 25, after Goofander, Br. Zool. — 5, for 462, 4720 ——- 35 ey ID Ps 2s —— 21, N° gi, p. 21. 26, —— 36. 5372 4s Omitted, in the Index, Tringa fufca, p. 225. ERRATA in the SuppLEMENT. 98, in the Note, for Phalene, read Phalena. 161, line 21, for barbeta, read darbata. 1g, after Laré, add Br. Zool. No. I4To INDEX, I N DE DJUTANT — Agabue de terre Aigle, Malabarre ravé Akaiearooa Alcedo ifpida Alferraz Amaduvade Amifk aho Anas anfer autumnalis crecca mollifima viduata Apifk-mikefue Ardea nivea nyéticorax ftellaris Ardeola Argala Afitchou achafhifh Aunjun Avolet Autour 4 ventre rayé ™ B. Barbet, doubtful grand Indian f{potted-bellied wax-billed yellow-cheeked Bauge EBee-eater, common Coromandel Indian yellow-tufted Bittern little SUPPL. _— mo) 5) tse) PUB Veta liste veel Tete Sty Wale at} eI elle Tele lst Blackbird = crefled = Boleta al Bone-breaker — eater — taker — Boulboul — Brothers five — Bugadee — Bum — Bumrauge — Bungummi — Banting, black-crowned black-throated cinereous — Gaur — Maelby — ortolan — painted — reed —_— {now © — white crowned yellow — Bufe criarde aes Buffenbuddco — Baitard, Arabian — Indian — little = Paffarage —_— white-eared Buttore — Buzzard, common — honey — moor — c, Calao de Coromandel de Ging — 1] Canary = I N D Canary-biter _ page st Caprimulgus — — i194 Certhia familiaris — — 126 melanura> — — 134 muraria = — 129 Chaffinch _ — _165 Chaha _ — 245-255 Chatterer, red-winged — 146 Cheela =_ — 33 Chep-farling _— — 137 Cheplter —_ — ib. Cherry deanifh = — 70 Cheucquoir =_ — 220 Chouama — — 21 Churge — — 228 Churre — — 223 Cockatoo _ — — 63 Cock, domeftic — — 207 Columba Caribea — — 199 corenfis —_ — 201 cyanocephala —_ 200 Indica — — 198 oenas — — 197 palumbus — 198 paflerina) — — 200 perdix — — 197 ftriata = —-_ 200 turtur _ — 199 Coly, green — — 147 Indian — — ib. Colymbus _— — 260 Condur — _— I Coot — — 259 Coracias garrula — — 8 Corvorant _ — 279 Corvus argyropthalmus 1 euoil caryocatattes — 82 corax — — 74 cornix —_ So Ga corone — — 75 glandarius — 79 gracula —_— — 82 monedula = — 78 pica _ — 80 totus niger —= — 142 Coucou noir - = —96-102 Coudey — — 257 Cowal — — 145 Coweel — _ 9 E xX. Cowpen — Crakolt a Crane, gigantic — Indian —— Crax Cemanenfis — pipile — Creeper, African — afh-bellied — barred-tail | — black and blue blue —_ rumped common _ famous — hook- billed indigo — long-billed mocking — orange-backed red-backed billed — Mnuff-coloured tufted —_ wall — wattled — yellow-bellied winged Crofsbill —_— Crow, bare-necked — carrion — hooded — Macao —_ New Guinea pheafant —_ Philippine — purple-headed red-billed = legged — rufous — fhort- tailed Surinam —_— Cuckow, black — common — crefted — Egyptian — grey-headed honey _ Sonnerat’s Cuculus canorus — wp 0Q oO —_ Qn on el lel lait} fe Cuculus I - Cuculus ferratus _ Curaflow, Cumana — galeated — piping, Curlew, common — Efkimaux — Hodfonian — white-headed Curucui, blue-cheeked fafciated — Indian — Cufabatathith ~ D. Dotterel _ Dove, ground — Drongo — Duck, barred-headed Eider —_ grey-headed main — pink-headed Spanifh _ velvet _— weftern — whiftling —_ Dullpee _ Dungbird = Dun-diver — E. Eagle, bald = black — black-cheeked cinereous =_= golden — Malabar — plaintive _ Pondicherry — ring tailed — fea _ white _ crowned headed Eee-eve = SupPL. MAP either (Te iPe ete tere tite PIETtt ladda D 100 205 206 205 242 243 ib. 242 593 ib. ib. 159 E xX. Emberiza citrinella — hortulana Maelbyenfis {cheeniclus Engang F. Falco zruginofus apivorus buteo Cheriway chryfaetos cyaneus fulvus fufcus gentilis haliztus Janarius milvus nifus offifraga palumbarius rufticolus fubbuteo tinnunculus torquatus vefpertinus Falcon, American Afiatic bay Behree black and white necked Cheela chocolate collared crefted criard dubious dutky gentil great-billed Greenland grey hen-harrier Ingrian Johanna —— — = — — — — —= — — — — — — page — Falcon, [Ueverian Madagafcar ~ notched peregrine Placentia plain plumbeous red-throated rhomboidal ring-tail rough. legged rufous-headed flreaked tiny white-necked Faucon a collier Faux perdrieux Finch, Amaduvade beautiful black-faced Carthagena Chinefe cowpen flax glofly gold imperial lepid oker — rufty-collared teftaceous tree white-throated yellow-throated Fifchal-bird Flamingo Flerche Flycatcher, African azure black Bourbon Cayenne flammeous gold-throat hanging leffer crefled nitid — N Pee tt ee el dd ett ee el id Ee X. Flycatcher, paradife pafferine Phoebe — < fociety white-fronted yellow- bellied Foule haioo Fouquet, petit Fowl, coloured: golden Fringilla Athiops albo ocracea coelebs cannabina Carthaginienfis lepida montana rufo-barbata fpinus teftacea Fulice Aithiops atra leucoryx Martinicenfis — — — — — a — G. Gannet Gallinule, Martinico Garga blanca Gaur — Geay de la Chine Ghoori tetur Gnat-fnapper Goat-fucker, Bombay European Indian fharp tailed Virginia Gobe-mouches Godwit, common Hudfonian marbled Goofe, black- backed cole ruddy oe tame Gofhawk 5 — — — — POOP eer FREES laa — 16 Gounghill La | my ob. 237 Gull, black-headed — page 268 N Gounghill =— page Grakle, crefted — — 90 toed — ==) Fb dial _. — — gI tarrock _ — ib, minor — — 90 purple —_—- ~- — id, yellow-faced — gt H. Grebe, red-necked — — 260 Greenfhank = — 245 Haddai =s — 34 Grimpereau a dos rouge — 132 Hadelde —s — 242 de Malacca — 131 Hagedafch — — ib, fifleur — 132 Hainga _ — 66 verd — — 131 Hanging-bird — — 174 Grofbeak, afh-headed — 165 Harfang = => 45 Afiatic — — 153 Hawfinch — — 148 black-bellied — ib. Hawk, moufe _ — 4LE brown-cheeked — 154 pigeon _ — 27 Cape —_ — 149 {parrow _ — 26 cardinal — — 150 Heoro-taire -— — 127 Dominican — 151 Heron, African —_—_ — 237 dwarf — — 154 ‘cinnamon _ — 235 eaitern — — 155 Coromandel — — 237 fafciated — 154 Lohaujung _— — 238 Flamingo — 155 night _— — 234 gold-backed — 149 fnowy _ — 236 green _ — 152 violet —_ — ib. Hamburgh — 153 yellow-necked — 239 Java — — 151 Hibou de Coromandel — 44 Madagafcar — 150 dela Chine — — ib. Malacca — 152 Hirundodomeftica -—- — 192 paradife — — 150 urbica — — ib. pine — — .148 Hobby — — 28 thick-bille — 152 orange-breafted — ib. Totty == — 156 Hocco — — 206 Grous, black — — 213 Honeft-face _ — 95 Helfingian =— — 217 Hoohoo_ — — 127 long-tailed = — 212 Hoopoe — — 122 Namaqua _ — 215 Hornbill, Gingi —_— — 71 red _ — 216 green-winged — 7 Rehufak — — ib, grey —_— — 72 rock —_— — 217 New Holland — ib. tufed _ — 215 pied _— — 69 fharp-tail _ — 212 rhinoceros — ib. {potted _ — 214 wreathed — — 70 {purious ~ — ib. Humming-bird, harlequin — 135 ~fhoulder-knot — 215 mango — ib. Guoépier jaune _— — 120 patch-necked | ibe Guillemot, black © — — 265 ruff. necked ib. foolith — — ib. Rr J. Jabiru, Ife Jabiru, Indian a Jacamar at Jacana, Chinefe = — Indian = Luzonian — Jackdaw = Jaunghill es Jay =a Cayenne — red-billed — white-eared —_ Ibis, black-headed —» coco pea -white-headed = Jean le blanc Jerfalcon =a Ja-loang es Junco pare Jurra io K.. Kaenne — Kakakew —_ Kaykay _ — Keftril — a Kethewuck-michefue Keuvitt Kimmewan- a apayenee (hh Kingsfifher, Amazonian belted — black-capped blue-headed Cape _ common facred = Kifkemanafue — Kite _ Arabian — Bramany = *Koato-0-00 — Koenai Komifhark- eon Kottorea — Kueronden = Kuill — ASE eer eh Le = I of dns an PEE tt et eer lh tt | 115 ==141=1809 16 - E Xx, L, Lark, black = page 177 Calandre =— — ib. Larus ridibundus — 268 Laemmer geyer — — 1 Lanius collurio — — 52 excubitor ~ — 5% Lanner _ — 21 Lefkoy, or Leuquoy — ga Linnet, white — — 165 Lohaujung _ — 238 Long-tongue = — 103 Looloo — — 41 Lory, fcarlet — — 60 Loxia chloris _ — 152 coccothrauftes — 148 flamengo —— — 155 minima _ — 164 pyrrhula — — 152 totta = — 156 Luglug = — 237 M. Maccaw, Brafilian — 58 military — — ib. Magpie _ — 81 Mamat — 4170 Manakin, fri petieaded — 188 Mango-bird — — 89 Martin _ 144=192 Matter of Rice = — 70 May-may = — 106 Mekifewe paupaftaow — 109 Merganfer _— — 271 ‘Mergus caftor — — 270 criftatus = — 271 ferratus — —= 270 Merle huppé, Pau — 53 Merlin — 29 Merops apiafter — — 119 Minor — go Mithee quafqua ropa fhih = — 249 Moho — 120 Moina _ — go Monaul = = — 209 Monichjore od — 237 Moori Moori Moory Moroe _ Motacilla alba arundinacea boarula flava lufcinia oenanthe fylvia Mouth-piece Mowa Mungul — — N. Negho barra =_ Nemifcu-apethayfhith Nepin~apethafifh Nightingale Nuockdah Nutcracker — Nuthatch, black-headed Cape European leaft long-billed — — oO. Oifeau brame = de Plata Omiflew Athinetou Oorail Oriole, golden - Tufty white-headed yellow-throated Oriolus galbula Ortolan Ofprey Oftrich Otis tetrax Outapanafeu Ouzel, ring water Owl, brown Canada AAD ey eee PTIddtta itt PRIS ISIS TEE Ar Eel D gI 204 101 178 184 178 E xX. Owl, Ceylonefe cinereous Coromandel eared, Chinefe great long red fhort Virginian little mountain New Zealand {cops {nowy footy fpeckled {pectacle wapacuthu white woodcock Ox-bird — — Palomito Paon fauvage Papanafew cacake Paradife B. white-winged Parrakeet, Alexandrine blue-rumped lory Malacca orange: bellied peregrine red-naped Parrot, amber blue-bellied buff- fronted Caroline Cochin-China crimion-winged dubious eaftern emerald grifled folitary Partridge, Aragonian Ceylon — 2 CEE teint i 1s ! co 1 rs) fe) Pe ES Se TAPS Se (eet Tettel ib. Partridge, I Partridge, Chittygong Guernfey pintaco Pondicherry tock Parus biarmicus caudatus paluttris Saebyenfis Pau pune nay fue Paxaco aranero Peacock Pecufith Peedaw Peepee Pelicanus punctatus Penguin, Cape Peicheur Petrel, shearwater ftormy Pheafant, African coloured crow Impeyan rin Pheeby bird Pic de Malacca Picus major martius medius minor ~ trida&ylus varius viridis Pie de Macao rouffe de Ja Chine Pie-griefche d’Italie Pigeon, barred-tail blue-headed green-winged grey {ndian partridge pompacour purple ihouldered ring tail- ftock white-winged — a etal Tee et ia Ea ele et es aoe 5 De, Pintado Pifefic Plongeur Plover, cream-coloured golden Indian long-legged paflarage Polytmus Poopoo, whourod roa Powee Promerops, blue red-billed Pfophia undulata — Quail, common = Hudfonian R. Rail, Philippine troglodyte Rallus auttralis Raven Razor-bill Redpole Redthank Chinefe Redwing — Ringtail Roller, African black — headed fairy garrulous grey-tailed S. Sacre Sanderling Sandpiper black brown dunlin fake Fe ela ES N Pls tele Ael let tel Sandpi | 204 274 2k 252 229 114 140 121 124 20 243 251 250 249 per, I Greenwich grey fouthern — Swifs Sarroo — Safineer fafin — Scolopax arquata Shag, {potted Shannaw —_— Shawbul —_ She pecum memewuck Shieldrake -—— Shrike, black-capped Boulboul cinereous —_— ferruginous-bellied grey jocofe _ Luzonian magpie Malabar Nootka orange red-backed —_ {potted — Sandpiper; — Sitta caffra —_— Europea — Siutitok Slaangen-vraater Smew Snipe, Cape — Sohna — Sowow-pethay-fifh Sparrow, hawk houfe ring — Spink Stare, Chinefe common fill Sterna alba nigra Stork, white Strix afio bubo flammea funerea Z ae] np va a Le een eal alate slat letlatal J Ww i wt aS HET TET Wedel TST PT ae PT fe eve vel E X. Strix ny&ea otus paflerina ulula Strunt-vogel Sturnus.cinclus vulgaris Sugar bird —_— Swallow, ambergris chimney _ — of as Takaikene. Tanager, capital Chinefe olive rufous-headed: Tanagra Sibirica Tchil Teal — Teetaree Teeong — Tern, black Philippine Sandwich white — Tetrao hybridus canus = coturnix tetrix — Thothofecaufew Throat, large —_— Throftle —_ Phruth, black and fcarlet blue — Chinefe Dauma — Gingi Hudfonian Kamifchatkan little — Malabar margined New-York orange headed Perfian — reed — — — _—_ — aol p gQ ic} > nn PAE bal eS st ia Bes Vet TSTMS SITS) Tet Tete Tee teh (all st 4 ine = e I Thrufh, rofe-coloured fhining white- fronted tailed yellow-crowned Titmoufe, azure bearded great-headed Hudfon’s bay long-tailed marfh Totty Toucan, piperine {mooth- billed Trogon ‘Trumpeter Tunnudliorbick Turdus Africanus iliacus merula muficus torquatus Turkey, American horned Turnflone = Turtle ground Tye-pawn Tye-tzoy Vagabond — Vale-favane Vautour de Gingi grand des Indes royal Ue-fhek-uang Viudita Ulu Upupa promerops Ulcathafhith Vuitre Vultur iste coronatus percnopterus totus fufcus Valture, Alpine — _— N Ss FC) 6Q i} ee ele Ww c ~ wn OV Rea let tae ele teteh | EERIE IRIEL] Ee Ox. Vulture, Bengal carrion ~ Cheriway cinereous crefted crowned Condur — Gingi — Indian — plaintive Pondicherry fecretary — Vuppi-pi — W. Wagtail Sd Wawpawchouechuckithou — Wapacuthu _ Wapa-eftequan — Wapa-thecufifh — Wapatheu Wapaw whifky john Warbler, Awatcha — black-necked Ceylonefe Dartford — equinoétial green Indian long-legged plumbeous fedge = Van Diemen’s yellow- poll rump Wafawuckapefhew — Wheat-ear — Whifky John — White-throat, leffer Woodpecker, black brown, little Cayenne gold-winged green hairy little Malacca paflerine Prltp tiv dbs TS ella ip Ee ERIS Allele © Ww Wb & hae low ROAR AN 187 1$z 181 188 180 187 182 ib. 245 182 St 135 104 109 1IK ib. 110 108 109 11d 110 Woodpecker, Woodpecker, pileated page \ Wren, reed Wryneck Wuicunithou SUPPL. Lea red-breafted -- rufous = {potted — white-billed -—- yellow-bellied — —— D E X. 105 - Y. 106 It1 Ying mew -— page 63 107 Yunx torquilla — =- 103 105 109 184 Ze 103 . 149 Zhiaine as — 110 SMITHSONIAN INSTIT 3 9088