SYLLOGEUS ki

NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL SCIENCES MUSEE NATIONAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES

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SEEEEEEEEEH5555555 No.5

Stanley W. Gorham, Don E. McAllister

THE SHORTNOSE STURGEON, ACIPENSER BREVIROSTRUM, IN THE SAINT JOHN
RIVER, NEW BRUNSWICK, CANADA, A RARE AND POSSIBLY ENDANGERED SPECIES

BEY

MUSEES NATIONAUX DU CANADA OTTAWA NATIONAL MUSEUMS OF CANADA

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KIA OM8, Canada.

Syllogeus Series No. 5 — (c) Crown Copyrights reserved — The National Museums of Canada,
Ottawa, Canada, February, 1974 Litho in Canada

The Shortnose Sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum, in
the Saint John River, New Brunswick, Canada,
a rare and possibly endangered species

Stanley W. Gorham
New Brunswick Museum
Saint John, N.B.

and
Don E. McAllister

National Museum of Natural Sciences
Ottawa, Ontario

Syllogeus No. 5

National Muscum of Natural Sciences Musée national des Sciences naturelles
National Museums of Canada Musées nationaux du Canada

Ottawa, February, 1974

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CONTENTS

RESUME 7 ST Te RD ee RD 4
Introduction | EO eed er ner ee aa)
Taxonomy A LOUE MEET RU Loue 73) 5
PS OSEO à cé 8
Size and vGrowitlie v.02). eee bak. ae LA: 10
Reproduction ..... lathe. nas rietee tel En eonte- es: ey. oh 12
Phe Bisheryiols ras tertegeencconnttediesnaln tirent 12
DS ENT A dt te Elecite de bh PAR A D Là dad 12
Recommendations, for, protection 2:44... 13
Sunmmiary Ae Wee. ARCS MC ee ete. PR. FU. SEX 14
ACRAONICUBE MENT. erm oP eee We mOneE Mee te ts 14
References: status. Al Lie Se AiO, cass! 17

FRONTISPIECE — Drawing of specimen of shortnose sturgeon from the Saint John River, N. B. (NMC67-331) 560 mm
in fork length and 636 mm in total length.

RESUME

Description taxonomique de l’esturgeon à museau court, Acipenser brevirostrum LeSueur,
1818, du réseau fluvial de la rivière St-Jean, au Nouveau-Brunswick, donnant de nouveaux
caractères d’identification. Renseignements sur la répartition géographique, la taille, la croissance
ct la pêche. Records nouveaux de longueur totale, 1353 mm, et de la pesanteur, 13.8 kg, du Nouveau
Brunswick. Signes indiquant que cette population, la seule au Canada, est en régression. Recomman-
dation des mesures de protection suivantes: réduction de la pollution, limitation de l’emploi de
pesticides; augmentation à 14 pouces de la dimension minimale des mailles tendues des filets
employés pour la pêche à l'esturgcon; présentation de statistiques distinctes sur les prises d’esturgeon
à museau court et d’esturgcon noir, A. oxyrhynchus, dans le réseau fluvial de la rivière St-Jean et
programme de recherches pour déterminer l'importance numérique, le recrutement et les déplace-
ments de cette espèce ainsi que l'emplacement des frayères et des zones d’alevinage.

INTRODUCTION

The shortnose sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum LeSucur, 1818 has been placed on the lists of
rare and endangered species for the United States (Miller, 1972), Canada (McAllister, 1970), and
the world (Miller, 1969), The shortnose sturgeon has been recorded from Atlantic coast drainages
in the United States from Maine to Florida, but it has disappeared from many of these and the only
viable population in the U.S. may be that in the Sheepscot River in Maine.

In Canada only one river system supports the shortnose sturgeon, the Saint John River system
in southern New Brunswick. Its presence in the Saint John system has been briefly noted by Scott
and Crossman (1959), Leim and Day (1959), Trites (1960), Gorham (1965), Leim and Scott
(1966), Gorham (1970), McAllister (1970), and Meth (1973). Magnin (1963 )presented data on
age, length, and biology of 10 specimens from the Saint John near Fredericton. Vladykov and
Greeley (1963) provided a key to the species of Acipenser in the western North Atlantic and a figure,
description, and synonymy of the shortnose. Gorham (1971) published new records of specimens in
the Saint John system and data on length and weight.

The present paper provides new information for a series of specimens from the Saint John
system on distribution, length and weights. Ages are reported for 10 specimens. A taxonomic
description of the Canadian population is given for the first time. Standard and new characters for
a series of shortnose are compared with the sympatric Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrhynchus
oxyrhynchus Mitchill, 1814. The status of the shortnose is discussed.

Taxonomy

Sturgcons may be distinguished from other fishes by dorsal, lateral and ventrolateral rows of
bony scutes on the body, the prolonged upper lobe of the caudal fin, and the 4 barbels on the
underside of the snout.

The only sturgeon co-occurring with the shortnose in New Brunswick is the Atlantic sturgeon,
Acipenser o. oxyrhynchus. The following key summarizes the best characters for separating the two
species in the Saint John River system.

Key to Sturgeons in New Brunswick

1 (2) Intestine dark. No enlarged bony plates between base of anal fin and lateral row of scutes,
Fig. |. Mouth width inside lips more than 3/5 of width of bony interorbit. Snout short and
blunt, Fig. 2. Total length probably never exceeds 1370 mm (42 fect)....... shortnose
sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum

2(1) Intestine light. 2-6 bony plates at Icast pupil-sized between anal base and lateral row of
scutes, Fig. 1. Mouth width inside lips less than 3/5 of bony interorbit. Snout long and
pointed, Fig. 2. Total length up to 4267 mm (14 fecet)....... Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser o.
oxyrhynchus

Shortnose sturgeon from the Saint John River system have not previously been described.
Taxonomic characters are therefore presented for 32 male and female specimens ranging from 310
to 879 mm in fork length, and compared with 14 Atlantic sturgeon from 489 to 934 mm from the

Manuscript submitted 14 August 1973 5

sie

XYRHYNCHUS

ACIPENSER

Fig: Shortnose sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum, above; Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser 0. oxyrhynchus, below. Note
the normal-sized scales above the anal fin in the shortnose sturgeon and the small bony plates (arrows) in
the Atlantic sturgeon.

Saint John drainage. For one character, supra-anal plates, a few additional specimens from the same
drainage were examined. Frequencies for the different characters are listed for the two species in
Tables 1 and 2 at the end of the paper.

The characters were determined as follows.Mouth width was measured as the lateral distance
between the inside corners of the mouth. Snout length was measured from the tip of the snout to the
anterior fleshy border of the orbit, head length from the tip of the snout to the posterior border of
the opercular bone, and the interorbital width as the least bony width between the eyes. Total length
was taken from the distance between vertical lines at the tip of the snout and the posterior tip of the
dorsal lobe of the caudal fin in its natural position. Fork length was taken similarly but back to the
distal edge of the caudal fin on the midline. The loss of the tip of the dorsal lobe of the caudal
sometimes made total length an unreliable measurement.

All anal rays were counted; the anterior fulcrum was omitted. Counting was facilitated by
scraping the rays with a scalpel to remove skin and mucus. Dorsal scutes were counted from the
dorsal fin to the head excluding the scutes which interdigitated with the cranial plates. Lateral scutes
were counted between the cleithrum and the base of the caudal fin. The smaller posterior lateral
scutes were counted as long as they fell on the midline. The ventral or more properly ventrolateral

UMI

=,

Fig. 2. Shortnose sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum, above; Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser o. oxyrhynchus, below. Note
the relatively shorter, blunter snout and the wider mouth in the shortnose sturgeon (fork lengths of each

indicated in mm.).

scutes were counted between the pectoral and pelvic fin origins. The postdorsal scutes which lie just
behind the dorsal fin and the preanal scutes which lie in front of the anal fin and immediately behind

the anus were recorded as single or paired. The enlarged supra-anal plates, Fig. 1, probably formed
through fusion of scales, are found above the base of the anal fin and below the lateral series of
scutes in the Atlantic sturgeon. In the shortnose sturgeon only small scales are found in this
position.

Authors have used two spellings for the species name of the shortnose sturgeon, Acipenser
brevirostrum and Acipenser brevirostris. The former is the spelling used in the original description by
LeSueur and is correct, the species name being treated as a nominative singular noun in apposition
to the generic name.

Distribution

The shortnose sturgeon is found in drainages of the Atlantic coast of North America from Big
Lake George of the St. Johns River drainage, Putnam County, Florida (Vladykov and Greeley,
1963) north to the Saint John River of both King, Queen’s, Sunbury, and lower York counties,
southern New Brunswick. There are a few marine records for the United States but the available
evidence suggested to Bigelow and Schrocder (1953) that the shortnose was not as regularly
migratory as the Atlantic sturgeon. Magnin (1963), on the basis of growth, inferred that the
shortnose is essentially a freshwater species.

The only records of the shortnose after 1950 are for: 1951 and 1952 in the Connecticut River
near Hadley, Massachusetts (Vladykov and Greeley, 1963), 1970 in the Hudson River, New York
(Koski et al 1971), 1971 and 1972 in the Sheepscot River, Maine (Fried and McCleave, 1973) and
up to 1973 in the Saint John River system, N.B. Although its occurence is probably more widespread
than this, it has been extirpated in many of its native rivers (Miller, 1969). For no river is there any
current information on spawning success or on the recruitment of young fish into the population.

The distribution in the Saint John River system, N.B. is shown in Fig. 3. The shortnose
sturgeon is known there from Pamdenec (Meth, 1973) in the lower Saint John to Fredericton
(Magnin, 1963) 65 miles upstream and in the intervening tributary Kennebecasis and Belleisle bays,
French Lake in Sheffield Parish (record based on photo), Washademoak Lake, and Grand Lake.
Adults have been taken there in every month of the year in contrast to the Atlantic sturgeon where
specimens exceeding three feet are seldom taken in the lower Saint John during winter (one of 40
and another of 48 inches were taken in the mouth of Kennebecasis Bay, 19 February 1973). Most
of the 17 sites of capture are located where the river or tributary is .5-3.2 km (4-2 miles) wide.
Depths of capture is sunken gillnets varied from 3-18 m (10-60 feet), but most were 9-18 m (40-60
fect). Long Reach is tidal. According to Rogers (1940) the limit of salt water is the mouth of Belleisle
Bay. There are records from Public Landing, Purdy’s Point and Westfield from Long Reach but none
seawards in N.B. According to Trites (1960) the upper 10 metres of Long Reach is usually fresh but
occasionally has a salinity of 1SPPT. Deeper waters usually have salinities of 10 to 20PPT. Trites
reported trawling shortnose at salinities exceeding ISPPT in Long Reach. Downstream where
salinities tend to be higher there are records only of Atlantic sturgeon, none of shortnose. For
May-June, August and December the temperatures of the upper 10 metres in Long Reach are
12-14°C, 16-18°C, and 0-1°C, and for 11-40 metres for the same periods 5-12°€, less than 16°C, and
2-9°C respectively. The depth and distributional information is based on specimens and reports
obtained through the kind co-operation of commercial fishermen fishing sturgeon, gaspereau,
striped bass, American eel, and Atlantic salmon.

om. Saint

(EE

FREDERICTON ~ Les,

NEW
BRUNSWICK

Ea museum specimens

7) reports

Westfield
Beach

D

SAINT JOHN

ws Pent
aM PRE"

Oo MA NOE BAY OF FUNDY

Fig. 3. Distribution of the shortnose sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum, in the Saint John River system in southern
New Brunswick. We do not have the precise location for the Fredericton and Grand Lake records.

Size and Growth

Our smallest specimen was one of 368 mm in total and 318 mm in fork length (14% and 12%
inches); it weighed 260 grams (9 ounces). The longest specimen was a female taken 18 June 1971
by Mr. Hugh Cunningham at Nauwigewauk, 1295 mm in total and 1156 mm in fork length (51 and
45'4 inches); it weighed 12.4 kg (27 Ib. 5% ounces). Fried and McCleave (1973) announced a new
record of total length for the species of 1181 mm but they overlooked Gorham’s (1971) report of
the 1295 mm specimen. On June 6, 1973 however, a specimen measuring 1257 mm in total and 1162
mm in fork length (49% and 45% inches) and weighing 13.8 kg (30 Ib., 8 ounces) was caught and
on June 8 a specimen 1353 in total and 1194 in fork length (53'4 and 47 inches) and weighing 10.1
kg (22 |b, 2% oz) were caught in Kennebecasis Bay near Darlings Island, Nauwigewauk by Hugh
Cunningham. The next largest specimen in our collections is one of 1090 mm (43 inches) in total
length. Mr. Cunningham, a reliable veteran fisherman, states that over the years thar he was taken
many shortnose four feet (1219 mm) or more in length with an estimated weight of 40 Ib. (18
kg).

/ The weight-length relationship of the shortnose sturgeon based on our data from the Saint
John River system is shown in Fig. 4. Comparing this curve with Magnin’s (1963a) Fig. 21 and 22
for the Atlantic sturgeon, one finds that the shortnose is heavier for a given length. However the
Atlantic sturgeon ultimately attains a much larger size-14 feet and 811 pounds, one from Saint John
River at Middle Island, near Maugerville, N.B. (Vladykov and Greeley, 1963). It is apparent that
shortnose sturgeon lose weight during the winter months. This is borne out by the weights taken and
from information obtained by fisherman who describe the sturgeon as ‘looking thin during the
winter.

Ages were obtained from 10 specimens by counting the rings in a basal section of the first
pectoral fin ray dipped in glycerine. Our data are combined in Fig. 5 with those of Magnin (1963)
to show the growth in length of Saint John River system shortnose sturgeon. We have used total
length to make our measurements comparable with these of Magnin. The oldest specimen, one of
Magnin’s, is 27 years old.

10

Weight in kg.

Total length in cm.

Length-weight curve
for N.B. shortnose sturgeon

10

A pH a Eu

900 1000 1100 1200 1300

100

Fig. 5
Growth of N.B.
shortnose sturgeon

50

(1963)
A Present study

V Magnin

Age in years

20 30

11

Reproduction

In the Hudson River male shortnose mature at a size of about 52 cm (20 inches) in their fifth
year, females at about 56 cm (24 inches) in their sixth year. Spawning has been reported in April
for the Hudson River ( Vladykov and Greeley, 1963).

Little is known of spawning in the Saint John River system. David Gorham, commercial
fisheramn, reports that the shortnose is found in about 40 feet (12.2 m) of water, seldom shallower,
in winter, but that in spring and early summer it moves into shallower water. The dates of capture
that we have scem to suggest that the shortnose moves up towards the heads of Kennebecasis and
Belleisle Bays and perhaps up the Saint John River in April, May, and June. The eggs of a large and
moderate-sized females taken at Nauwigewauk June 18, 1971 were bright yellow with no sign of
darkening. Sturgeon fishermen of the lower Saint John River state that some shortnose sturgeon may
be ripe or running in June while others may go on until lat August or early September. In summer
the roe becomes dark in colour, a condition typical of ripeness in sturgeons. Additional study is
required to determine the time and place of spawning.

The Fishery

According to the New Brunswick Fishery Regulations a fisherman must have a sturgeon
licence to fish for sturgeon. The licence costs one dollar. Gill nets used in the sturgeon fishery must
have an extension (stretched ) mesh of not less than 13 inches (330 mm). Sturgeon of less than 4 feet
(1219 mm) from the tip of the snout to the end of the tail must no: be fished for, caught or killed.
Shortnose and Atlantic sturgeons are not distinguished in the regulations nor in the catch statistics.
Sturgeon fishing is closed during the month of June.

One fisherman in the lower Saint John River system caught and kept 321 Atlantic and 2
shortnose sturgeon with a total processed weight of about 5550 pounds (2517 kg) from July | to
September 15 using 3 gill nets each 180 fect long and 20 to 25 feet deep. Other undersized shortnose
and Atlantic sturgeon were caught but not kept.

A sturgeon, when netted, processed and iced (icing costs 13 cents per pound of sturgeon)
brings approximately 42 cents a poind to the fisherman and $2.50 to the retailer on the American
market. Processing reduces the weight of an Atlantic sturgeon from 100 poinds to 60 pounds or even
less. A 4 foot (1219 mm) shortnose sturgeon weighing 20 pounds in the round might therefore be
expected to weigh at most 14 pounds when dressed. The roe may bring over four dollars a pound.
The roe of the shortnose sturgeon is preferred by dealers in both United States and Canada.

Salmon fishermen, who were not interested in sturgeon on a commercial basis, were troubled
by them getting into and damaging their salmon nets. The more polite name for the shortnose
sturgeon in this area is the ‘little sturgeon’.

Status

The shortnose has disappeared over much of its range in the United States. The denser
population and greater degree of industrialization threaten its continued existence there. It has been
placed on the threatened list for Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New
York, and Pennsylvania and is regarded as endangered at the national level.

In Canada the shortnose sturgeon is limited to a portion of a single river system. According
to Nature Canada (1973) the Saint John River is badly polluted by pulp and paper mills, vegetable
processing plants, and raw municipal sewage. Pollution is especially bad at Edmunston, Flor-
enceville, and from Westfield down to the city of Saint John. Between Edmunston and Grand Falls

the dissolved oxygen level frequently approaches zero. These changes may be serious for bottom
feeding fishes like sturgeons. However there does not scem to be evidence of gross pollution between
Mataquac and Westficld.

Each year a fair number of shortnose sturgeon are gill netted and the species is more common
than previous evidence would have suggested. Because of the size of the shortnose sturgeon, the 13
inch stretched mesh regulation in the sturgeon fishery prevents large numbers of shortnose being
caught and minimum size limit in few being kept, although many are still entangled because of their
scutes. Others were or are caught in the smaller meshed gillnets set for Atlantic salmon and
gaspereau. Sturgeon under four feet and those caught by fishermen without a sturgeon licence must,
by law, be released. But in some cases sturgeon dic in the nets before they can be released. Some
of those released alive probably suffer a higher mortality rate.

Checking with fishermen operating several types of gear including cel traps and chain pickerel
nets in the Saint John River system has failed to turn up any specimens shorter than 310 mm
standard length which would be | to 2 years old, but one of 150 mm was reported in Kingston Creek
near Belleisle Bay in late December or early January. We are unable to state whether reproduction
has been unsuccessful in recent years and the population being fished consists largly of older
individuals, or whether the various gear are not right or not properly placed to take young
specimens.

In any case the continued existence of the shortnose sturgeon is in doubt. It is important to
save ths Saint John River population because it is the only Canadian population, it is restricted in
area, and the northernmost for the species. Its continued survival in the United States is by no means
certain. It may be noted that protective measures for the white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus
have resulted in a quadrupling of the 1966-70 catch, 143,000 Ibs, over the 1961-65 catch, 31,000 Ibs
(64,900 as opposed to 14,070 metric tons, Hart, 1973). Protection can be effective. Protective
measures for the shortnose are warranted until we have assurance of reproductive success.

Recommendations for Protection

Measures have been taken to abate pollution in the Saint John River but there remains much
to do especially from Edmunston to Mactaquac dam. Support to municipalities should be continued
for the construction of sewage treatment plants adequate for present and future needs. It should be
ensured that established industries are engaged in adequate pollution abatement programs and that
proper pollution control facilities are built into new industrial plants. The use of pesticides affecting
the bottom fauna should be restricted.

Consideration might be given to raising the minimum stretched mesh size of gillnets used in
the sturgeon fishery from 13 to 14 inches. The new mesh size could be phased in to avoid increased
cost to the fisherman. Catch statistics should distinguish the shortnose and Atlantic sturgeon for the
Saint John River system fishery in New Brunswick.

A research project on the shortnose sturgeon should be supported." Included in it should be
a tagging program to determine the size of the population(s) and movements. Care should be taken
to use methods that will not increase mortality, ¢.g. traps instead of gillnets. The recruitment of
young sturgcons into the population(s) and the age structure shoudl be determined. A search for the
spawning and nursery grounds should be made so that they can be suitably protected. A few
specimens should be sampled for stomach and pesticide residue analysis.

' Dr. M. Dadswell of the Huntsman Marine Laboratory, Brandy Cove, N.B. has begun an investigation of the shortnose
sturgeon.

Summary

A taxonomic description including new diagnostic characters is given for the shortnose
sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum LeSucur, 1818 in the Saint John River system, New Brunswick.
Information on the distribution, size, growth, and fishery is presented. New records of total length
1353 mm and weight, 13.8 kg, for the species are provided from New Brunswick. Evidence is
reported suggesting that this population, the only one in Canada, may be endangered, and even if
not the American ones certainly are. The following measures are recommended for its protection:
pollution abatement, pesticide restrictions, increase in minimum stretched mesh size for nets in the
sturgeon fishery to 14 inches, presentation of separate catch statistics for the shortnose and Atlantic
sturgcons in the Saint John system, and a research program to determine food, population size,
recruitment, age structure, and movement, as well as the location of the spawning and nursery
grounds.

Acknowledgements

The co-operation of the following commercial fishermen is gratefully acknowledged, Hugh
Cunningham, Elmer Dixon, David Gorham, Sanford Henderson, and Raymond Tippets. Dr. R.E.
Balch supplied a record from French Lake, Sheffield Parish, Sunbury County. J.W. Carroll, Associate
Director, Conservation and Protection, Department of Environment, supplied information on
regulations. Dr. Fred F. Meth, Department of the Environment, Ottawa gencrously permitted access
to his manuscripts on the ecology of the Saint John River basin and commented on the present study.
Charles G. Gruchy, National Museum of Natural Sciences and Dr. Etienne Magnin, Université de
Montréal, kindly criticized the manuscript. Charles H. Douglas drew the graphs and the frontispiece,
Miss Jennifer Lewis the map.

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Table 2. Frequency of Scute Characters and Intestine Colour in Acipenser from the
Saint John River System, N.B.

Number of Dorsal Scutes

Species 6 7 8 9 Standard
: Deviation
Acipenser brevirostrum LAS 2at 33 1.29
Acipenser 0. oxyrhynchus I 4 9 .58
Acipenser brevirostrum l PES) 62 | 3 8.50 .88
Acipenser 0. oxyrhynchus 5 3 4 2 921 eal
Double Enlarged
Postdorsal Scutes Supra-anal Plates
Present Absent Present Absent
Acipenser brevirostrum 6 26 l 50
Acipenser 0. oxyrhynchus 13 I 19 0
ae Intestine Colour
Preanal Scutes
Present Absent Dark Light
Acipenser brevirostrum 7 25 32 0)

Acipenser 0. oxyrhynchus 14 0 | 13

References

Bigelow, H.B. and Schroeder, W.C.
(1953). Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. US. Fish Wildlife Service Bulletin 53(74): 1-577.

Fricd, S.M. and McCleave, J.D.
(1973). Occurence of the shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum), an endangered species,
in Montsweag Bay, Maine. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 30(4):563-564.

Gorham, S.W.
(1965). Notes on fishes from the Browns Flat area, Kings County, New Brunswick. Canadian
Field-Nat. 79(2 ): 137-142.

(1970). Distributional checklist of the fishes of New Brunswick. The New Brunswick Museum,
Saint John, 32 pp.

(1971). The shortnose sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum, an endangered species in New
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Hart, J.L.
(1973). Pacific fishes of Canada. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada Bull. (180):1-740.

Koski, R.T., Kelley, E.C. and Turnbaugh, B.E.
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Leim, AH. and Day, LR.
(1959). Records of Uncommon and unusual fishes from eastern Canadian waters, 1950-1958.
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Leim, A.H. and Scott, W.B.
(1966). Fishes of the Atlantic coast of Canada. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada Bull. (155): 1-485.

Magnin, E.
(1963). Notes sur la répartition, la biologie et particulièrement la croissance de l’Acipenser
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(1963 a). Recherches sur la systématique et la biologie des Acipenséridés Acipenser sturio L.,
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Appl. Paris. Tome 9: 1-242.

McAllister, D.E.
(1970). Rare and endangered Canadian fishes. Canadian Field-Nat. 84(1):5-8.

Mcth, FF.
(1973). Ecology of the Saint John River Basin. VII. Catalogue of middle and upper basin fish
species for the Sain John River Basin Board. Canada, Department of Environment, Fisheries
Service, Halifax. 45 pages & maps.

Miller, R.R.
(1969). Pisces. Freshwater fishes. Vol. 4. Red data book. International Union for Conservation
of Nature and Natural Resources Survival Service Commission. Morges, Switzerland
(unpages--looseleaf).

(1972). Threatened freshwater fishes of the United States. Trans. Amer. Fish Soc.
101(2):239-252.

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(1973). Cleaning up the Saint John River is slow-moving work. Vol. 2(1):41.

Rogers, Harold M.
(1940). Occurence and retention of plankton within the estuary. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada

5(2):164-171, 2 fig.

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(1959). The freshwater fishes of New Brunswick: a checklist with distributional notes. Contrib.

Roy. Ont. Mus. (51): 1-37.

Trites, R.W.
(1960). An oceanographical and biological reconnaissance of Kennebecasis Bay and the Saint
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(1963). Order Acipenseroidei. pp. 24-60. Jn Fishes of the Western North Atlantic. Part 3.
Memoir Sears Foundation for Marine Research (1 ): 1-630.

SYLLOGEUS TITLES PUBLISHED TO DATE

No.

No.

No.

No.

No.

1

McAllister, D.E., et al.
A BATCH PROCESS COMPUTER INFORMATION RETRIEVAL AND CATALOGUING SYSTEM IN THE FISH
COLLECTION, NAT TONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL SCIENCES

Shchepanek, M.J.
BOTANICAL INVESTIGATION OF TUE OTISH MOUNTAINS, QUEBEC

Shih, Chang-tai

A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGISTS AND THEIR PRESENT ACTIVITIES
IN CANADA

REPERTOIRE PROVISOIRE DES ZOOLOGISTES DES INVERTEBRES ET DES TRAVAUX QU'ILS
POURSUIVENT PRÉSENTEMENT AU CANADA

Faber, Daniel J., Ed.
A HIGH SCHOOL FIELD AND LABORATORY STUDY OF LAC LAPECHE IN GATINEAU PARK, QUEBEC,
DURING MARCH, 1972

Gorham, Stanley W., Don E. McAllister
THE SHORTNOSE STURGEON, ACIPENSER BREVIROSTRUM, IN THE SAINT JOHN RIVER,
NEW BRUNSWICK, CANADA, A RARE AND POSSIBLY ENDANGERED SPECIES