: Guide to the Literature | ne the Identification of 40; QUE AY PE ¢ ty Pe FRE ñ an” LIBRARY pra PACS TRS TR ER EP Horm SSD ete Ort Dre cama ae LRA th rent ne on acne Re 2 } CNP SYLLOGEUS is a publication of the National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada, designed to permit the rapid dessemination of information pertaining to those disciplines and educational functions for which the National Museum of Natural Sciences is responsible. In the interests of making information available quickly, normal publishing procedures have been abbreviated. Articles are published in English, in French, or in both languages, and the issues appear at irregular intervals. A complete list of the titles issued since the beginning of the series (1972) and individual copies of this number are available by mail from the National Museum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa, Canada. K1lA gM8 La collection SYLLOGEUS, publiée par le Musée national des sciences naturelles, Musées nationaux du Canada, a pour but de diffuser rapidement le résultat des travaux dans les domaines scientifique et éducatif qui sont sous la direction du Musée national des sciences naturelles. Pour assurer la promte distribution de cette publication, on a abrégé les étapes de la rédaction. Les articles sont publiés en français, en anglais ou dans les deux langues, et ils paraissent irrégulièrement. On peut obtenir par commande postale la liste des titres de tous les articles publiés depuis le début da la collection (1972) et des copies individuelles de ce numéro, au Musée national des sciences naturelles, Ottawa, Canada. K1A 9M8 Syllogeus Series No. 56 Séries Syllogeus No. 56 (c) National Museums of Canada (1985) (c) Musées nationaux du Canada (1985) Printed in Canada Imprimé au Canada ISSN 9794-576X GUIDE TO THE LITERATURE FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF NORTH AMERICAN LICHENS by Irwin M. Brodo National Museums of Canada Ottawa, Ontario, K1A GM8 Syllogeus No. 56 National Museums of Canada Musées nationaux du Canada National Museum of Natural Sciences Musée national des sciences naturelles ABSTRACT As an aid to the identification of North American lichens, especially those from Canada, various categories of lichens and every lichen genus known to occur in North America are listed together with the references found to be most useful in lichen determination. The categories include: general articles and books; geographic regions; crustose, foliose, and fruticose genera and species; and individual generic treatments. The bibliography has approximately 360 entries. RESUME Dans le but d'apporter une aide pour l'identification des lichens de l'Amérique du Nord, tout particulièrement ceux du Canada, certaines catégories des lichens, et tous les genres qui sont connus en Amérique du Nord, sont catalogués avec les références les plus utiles pour l'identification des lichens. Ces catégories comprennent des articles et des livres en général; des régions géographiques; les genres et les espéces des lichens crustacés, foliacés, et fruticuleux; et des ouvrages sur les genres individuels. La bibliographie comprend environ 369 articles. CONTENTS page Abstract 2 Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 5 Part I. General references 7 Part II. Selected references by group and region 8 Keys to genera or families 8 Species of macrolichens 8 Species of crustose lichens 8 Lichen parasites 8 Arctic species 8 Boreal and hemiarctic species 8 Central North America 8 Northeastern United States and 8 eastern Canada Southeastern United States 8 Western North America 8 Maritime lichens 8 Part III. Generic revisions or monographs 9 Part IV. Bibliography 29 INTRODUCTION In the course of introducing the techniques of lichen identification to numerous individuals at the National Museums, I have found it very beneficial to have a list of the most useful books and articles for given areas or groups of species available to my students. As an inexperienced lichen student at Michigan State University, I remember how grateful I was for having the excellent list compiled by Dr. Henry Imshaug to introduce the literature to his students. Ina real sense, the following treatment is little more than an elaboration and up-dating of those, now well-worn, mimeographed sheets. It is very difficult for beginning students of lichen identification to "get into" the lichen literature without a guide. David Hawksworth, realizing this, prepared a superb guide for British species (Hawksworth, 197@a), and Rolf Santesson (1984) has very recently provided a wealth of references to the lichens of Norway and Sweden. No comparable list, however, is available covering the North American lichens. It is my purpose here to help fill this gap, perhaps with a slight emphasis on northern taxa because of my preoccupation with the Canadian lichen flora. No such list can ever be complete, and indeed, I had no intention of making it complete. For the most part, I have selected those papers and books that I have found most useful in my own work. Also included are numerous references to European and Asian studies because I have often found such material of considerable value in identifying North American lichens. I may have overlooked pertinent and important references, however, and would be grateful to any reader who brings them to my attention. The list is divided into four parts as follows: Le General (mostly lengthy) articles and books containing keys and covering many species; II. Literature for major categories of lichens or regions in North America; III. Literature for each of the genera of lichens found in North America, mostly monographs or revisions, but including some shorter articles covering important additions to the flora; IV. A complete bibliography of the literature cited in the first three parts. In the literature guide in parts II and III, I have listed the articles and books in their approximate order of usefulness. I recognize, however, that for certain regions another order may be more appropriate. Some of the references are out-of-date but are included for their value in delimiting the taxa according to the older literature, and for their value in nomenclature. In some cases, a key that has appeared in several publications in only slightly modified form is cited in its various editions to aid the reader who may have one edition and not the other. Generally, however, I have listed only the most up-to-date version, and I have tried to avoid the needless listing of keys and articles clearly superceded by modern works covering the same subject area. If general floristic works contain particularly useful treatments of some genera or groups of species, they have been included in Part III. For example, Magnusson (1952c), nominally a floristic treatment of a district in Sweden, contains excellent keys to Lecidea, Rhizocarpon, and Lecanora, among others. On the other hand, some floras and manuals such as those of Wirth (1980), Hale (1979), and Ozenda & Clauzade (197%) have excellent keys for so many genera that they were not cited again and again, in the interest of saving space. Only published articles are listed, including some doctoral theses available from University Microfilms in Ann Arbor, Michigan; unpublished manuscript keys, many of them circulating rather widely among working lichenologists, are not generally available and are therefore not cited. PART I. GENERAL REFERENCES These references, listed in alphabetical order, contain keys to either macrolichens (fruticose and foliose species) or all species, and they cover significant areas. Complete bibliographic citations can be found in Part IV. Brodo, 1968a: The lichens of Long Island, New York... Brodo, 1981. The lichens of the Ottawa region. Dahl & Krog, 1973. Macrolichens of Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Dey, 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. Duncan, 1970. Introduction to British lichens. Fink, 1935. The lichen flora of the United States. Hale, 1979. How to know the lichens, 2nd edition. Harris, 1977. Lichens of the Straits Counties, Michigan. Magnusson, 1952c. Lichens from Torne Lappmark. Ozenda & Clauzade, 197%. Les lichens... Poelt, 1969. Bestimmungsschlüssel europaischer Flechten. Poelt & Vézda, 1977. (as above) Ergänzungsheft I. Poelt & Vézda, 1981. (as above) Erganzungsheft II. Smith Ate, LOS) 1926.5 AC monograph Gf the Britishy achens,, Meur. HAvlOort Ce MOT, elIOShm Dheldichenss Of Ohio. leveenl i. Thomson, 1984. American Arctic lichens. Wetmore, 1967. Lichens of the Black Hills... Wirth, 1989. Flechtenflora... PART II. SELECTED REFERENCES BY GROUP AND REGION Keys to genera or families: Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Harris, 1977; Brodo, 1981, 1968a; Wetmore, 1967, 1981; Fink, 1935; Poelt, 1969; Wirth, 1980; Ozenda & Clauzade, 197. (Pyrenomycete lichens): Vézda, 1968; Harris, 1975b. (Physciaceae): Haffelner et al., 1979 Species of macrolichens: Hale, 1979; Brodo, 1981; Harris, 1977; Thomson, 1984; Dahl & Krog, 1973; Poelt, 1969; Poelt & Vézda, 1977, 1981; C. Taylor, 1967, 1968 Species of crustose lichens: Brodo, 1981; Harris, 1977; Brodo, 1968a; Magnusson, 1952c; Poelt, 1969; Poelt & Vézda, 1977, 1981; Ozenda & Clauzade, 1979; Wirth, 1980; Wetmore, 1967, 1981; Duncan, 1970; (pyrenocarpous species): Harris, 1973; Coppins, 1984 Lichen parasites: Hawksworth, 1979, 1981, 1983; Clauzade & Roux, 1976; Keissler, 1939 Arctic species: Thomson, 1984, 1979; Lynge & Scholander, 1932; Lynge, 1937, LOTO Haley L954). Hentelr 1981 Boreal and hemiarctic species: Thomson et al., 1969; Ahti, 1964; Dahl & Krog, 1973; Magnusson, 1952c; Ahti et al., 1973; Ahti & Hepburn, 1967; Krog et al., 1989 Central North America: Wetmore, 1967, 1981 Northeastern United States and eastern Canada: Brodo, 1981; Harris, 1977; Brodo, 1968a; C. Taylor, 1967, 1968; Lamb, 1954; Degelius, 1949 Southeastern United States: Moore, 1968; Dey, 1978; Degelius, 1941; Tucker & Harris, 1989 Western North America: Noble, 1982; Howard, 195%; Krog, 1968; Imshaug, 1957b; Bird & Marsh, 1973a,b; Herre, 1919; Hasse, 1913 Maritime lichens: R. Taylor, 1982; Fletcher, 1975a,b PART III. Absconditella Acarospora Actinogyra Agrestia Agyrophora Alectoria Allantoparmelia Amygdalaria Anaptychia Anisomeridium Anzia Apatoplaca Arctomia Argopsis Arthonia Arthopyrenia Arthothelium Asahinea Aspicilia Astroplaca Bacidia Baeomyces Belonia Biatorella Blastenia Bombyliospora Botrydina Brigantiaea Bryonora Bryoria GENERIC REVISIONS OR MONOGRAPHS vézda, 1965b; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Clauzade et al., 1981; Magnusson, 1929a-c, 1956; Wetmore, 1967; Poelt, 1969; Weber, 1968 (see Umbilicaria) Thomson, 19680; Brodo, 1977 (see Umbilicaria) Brodo & Hawksworth, 1977 Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Inoue, 1984 Kurokawa, 1959-61, 1962, 1973; W. Culberson, 1966b Tucker & Harris, 1989 Poelt & Hafellner, 1989 Henssen, 1969b Lamb, 1974 Fink, 1935; Redinger, 1937; Willey, 18989 Harris, 1973, 1975; Swinscow, 1965 (marine), 1979; Vainio, 1921; Tucker & Harris, 1989 Coppins & James, 1979a; Fink, 1935; Redinger, 1937 W. Culberson & C. Culberson, 1965 Magnusson, 1939, 1952c Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Hertel, 1977 Vainio, 1922; Christiansen et al., 1979 Thomson, 1967a; Poelt, 1969; R. Taylor, 1972; Galloway, 1989 Swinscow, 1964; Fink, 1935; Jérgensen et al., 1983 Fink, 1935; Magnusson, 1934b, 1935b; James, 1971; Poelt & vézda, 1977 (see also Strangospora) ; Hawksworth & Sherwood, 1981 (see Caloplaca) (see Letrouitia) (see Omphalina) Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Hafellner, 1981 Poelt, 1983 Brodo & Hawksworth, 1977 Buellia Bulbothrix Calicium Caloplaca Campylothelium Candelaria Candelariella Candelina Catapyrenium Catillaria Catinaria Cavernularia Cetraria Cetrariastrum Cetrelia Chaenotheca Chaenothecopsis Chiodecton Chrysothrix Cladina Cladonia Coccocarpia Coccotrema Coenogonium Collema Coniocybe Conotrema Cora 10 Imshaug, 1951; Poelt & Sulzer, 1974; Weber, 1971; Schauer, 1965 Sheard, 1964, 1969; Hale, 1976b (see also Parmelia) Tibell, 1975, 1977; Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Keissler, 1937 Wirth, Poelt, 1954; Wunder, 1974; Hafellner & Poelt, 1979 Lynge, 1949 ; Rudolph, 1955; Tucker & Harris, 1989 Hillmann, 1936; Poelt, 1974 Hakulinen, 1954; Thomson, 1973; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Poelt, 1974 (see Dermatocarpon, D. hepaticum group) Magnusson, 1952c; Vainio, 1934; Catinaria) Kilias, 1981 (see also Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Vainio, 1934 Ahti & Henssen, 1965 Ohlsson, 1973a; Thomson et al., 1969; Esslinger, 1973; Karnefelt, 1979; Poelt & Vézda, 1981; W. Culberson & C. Culberson, 1967 Hale, 1976d; W. Culberson & C. Culberson, 1981; Sipman, W. Culberson & C. Culberson, 1968 Tipedl), 975, VIS Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Keissler, 1938 Poelt, 1969; Tiber), 975 W. Culberson, 1964; Brodo, 1968b; Fee, 1829 Laundon, 1989 Ahti, 1961; Thomson, 1967b; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Thomson, 1967b; Poelt & Vézda, 1977; Ahti 1973b, 1978, 198Ga, 1980b, 1983; W. Culberson, 1969; Harris, 1975a; Brodo/M196827 Varnwo, 1887) U894 -13897 Arvidsson, 1982; Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Brodo, 1973 Uyenco, 1963 Degelius 1954, 1974 Tibell, 1975; Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Keissler, 1938 Poelt & Vézda, 1977; Gilenstam, 1969 Parmasto, 1978 1989; Wade, 1965; Magnusson, 1944a, b, 1959, 1952c; Coriscium Cornicularia Cyphelium Cystocoleus Dactylina Dendriscocaulon Dendrographa Dermatocarpon Desmazieria Dictyonema Dimelaena Dimerella Diploicia Diploschistes Dirina Dirinaria Endocarpon Enterographa Eopyrenula Ephebe Erioderma Evernia Everniastrum Fistulariella Flavopunctelia Forsselia Fulgensia Fuscidea Gomphillus Gonohymenia Graphina (see Omphalina) Dahl & Krog, 19 alos TOP Keissler, 1938 Fink, 1935 Thomson & Bird, Wetmore, 1967; (see Niebla) Parmasto, 1978 Sheard, 1974, 1 Poelt & Vézda, Poelt & Vézda, Fi Poelt, 1969; Tehler, 1983; Awasthi, 1975; Poelt, 1969; Fi Poelt & Vézda, Hans, 0er Henssen, 1963c Keuk, vézda, WS) IIE Oa, How Bed IG) Web 73 CITES 1978 Poelt, ONE, We) 1981 nk, Thomson, nk, ales en 9 rum) (see Cetrariast (see Ramalina) Hale, Punctelia) Henssen, 197G; Poelt & Vézda, Poelt & Vézda, Esslinger, 1975 Henssen, 197Q Wirth & Hale, Fink, 1977 1981; 1963, Poelt, Weber, 1969 1967; 7 Dahle ErOOt, Poelt 1985 Poelt & Vézda, 1963; 1935 Redinger, Poelt & Vézda, Ahti & Jérgensen, 1Lil 1984b (see also Parmelia: 1935 Gilbert, Inoue, 1978; 1969; Zschacke & Vézda, 1 UY 1938a 1981 10/1 1978 1981a, Nakanishi, WS) A ASS} Di Kashiwadani, Maass, 1966 Poelt & Vézda, WS 19890; US) 7/7) © Poelt & Pseudocyphellate and b (see also Lecidea) LT Graphis Gyalecta Gyalidea Gyalideopsis Gymnoderma Gyrophora Haematomma Heppia Herpothallon Heterodermia Huilia Hydrothyria Hymenelia Hyperphyscia Hypocenomyce Hypogymnia Hypotrachyna Icmadophila Ionaspis Koerberia Lasallia Laurera Lecanactis Lecania Lecanora Lecidea Lecidella 12 Wirth & Hale, 1963, 1978; Nakanishi, 1966; Fink, 1935; Redinger, 1938b Poelt, 1969 Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Poelt & Vézda, 1977; James, 1975 Yoshimura & Sharp, 1968 (see Umbilicaria) W. Culberson, 1963b; Thomson, 1968 Wetmore, 1979 W. Culberson, 1964 W. Culberson, 1966b; Kurokawa, 1962, 1973 (sub Anaptychia) Inoue, 1976, 1982, 1983; (see references under Lecidea) Fink, 1935 Poelt & V@ézda, 1981 Poelt & V&ézda, 1981; Hafellner et al., 1979; Thomson, 1963 (sub Physcia); Poelt, 1965 (sub Physciopsis); Moberg, 1977 (sub Physciopsis) Schneider, 1979; Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Ohlsson, 1973a; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 ; Thomson et al., 1969; Krog, 1968, 1974; Rassadina, 1967; Pike & Hale, 1982 Hale, 1974b, 1975a (see also under Parmelia) Imshaug, 1972 Magnusson, 1933 Henssen, 1963f; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Llano, 1959; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Letrouit-Galinou, 1957, 1958 Poelt, 1969; Brodo, 1977 Poelt, 1969; Magnusson, 1952c Magnusson, 1952c; Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Poelt, 1969 (p.p.); Thomson et al., 1969; Imshaug & Brodo, 1966 (pallida group) ; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 (subgenus Placodium); Brodo, 1984 (subfusca group); (see also Bryonora) Lowe, 1939; Hertel, 1967, 1975, 1977, 1981; Anderson, 1964; Magnusson, 1952c; Thomson et al., 1969 ; Vainio, 1934; Lynge, 1949; Magnusson, 1935a, 1952a,b; C. Culberson & Hertel, 1979; Inoue, 1982; (see also Placynthiella [L. uliginosa group], and Trapeliopsis [L. granulosa group] ) Poelt & Vézda, 1981 ; Hertel (see above); Magnusson, 1945; Lowe, 1939 (p.p.); Leukert & Hertel, 1967; Inoue, 1982 Leciophysma Lempholemma Lepraria Leprocaulon Leptochidium Leptogium Leptorhaphis Leptotrema Letharia Letrouitia Lichenothrix Lichina Lichinella Lichenodium Lobaria Lopadium Maronea Masonhalea Massalongia Mastodia Megalospora Melanelia Melanolecia Melanotheca Melaspilea Menegazzia Micarea Microcalicium Microglaena Microthelia Multiclavula Henssen, 1965 Henssen, 1968b Brodo, 1968a; Laundon, 1962, 1963; Harris, 1977; Almborn, 1952 Lamb & Ward, 1974 Poelt & Vézda, 1977 (see Pseudoleptogium) Sierk, 1964; Jérgensen, 1973, 1975 (sect. Mallotium) ; Jérgensen & James, 1983; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Harris, 1973; Swinscow, 1965 Hale, 1974e, 1978 Thomson, 1969 Hafellner, 1981 Henssen, 1964 Henssen, 1969a Henssen, 1963c, 1968c Henssen, 1963c, 1968a Jordan, 1973; Yoshimura, 1971 Poelt & Vézda, 1977 ; Poelt, 1969; Fink, 1935; Kurokawa & Kashiwadani, 1977 (see also Letrouitia) Magnusson, 1934a Karnefelt, 1977 Henssen, 1963b (see Turgidosculum) Sipman, 1983 Esslinger, 1978a (see also under Parmelia: Melanoparmelia) Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Bink, 1935; "Kerssler, 11937 Redinger, 1938b Poelt, 1969; Dahl & Krog, 1973 Coppins, 1983; Hedlund, 1892; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 ; Vézda & Wirth, 1976; Christiansen et al., 1979 Tibell, 1978 Poelt, 1969; Morgan-Jones & Swinscow, 1965; Harris, 1973 Harris, 1973 Poelt, 1969; Peterson, 1967 Mycoblastus Mycocalicium Mycoporellum Mycoporum Neofuscelia Nephroma Neuropogon Niebla Normandina Ocellularia Ochrolechia Omphalina Omphalodiscus Omphalodium Opegrapha Oropogon Pachyphiale Pannaria Parmelia Parmeliella Parmelina Parmeliopsis Parmentaria Parmotrema 14 Schauer, 1964; Poelt, 1969; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Tibell, 1975; Schmidt, 1979 Keissler, 1937 Harris, 1973; Coppins & James, 1979a Esslinger, 1978a (see also Parmelia: Melanoparmelia) Wetmore, 1969, 1989 Poelt, 1969; Lamb, 1939 Rundel & Bowler, 1978 W. Culberson & Hale, 1966 Hale, 1973, 1974e, 1978 Howard, 1970; Verseghy, 1962; Ahti et al, 1973; Laundon, 1963 (sterile species) Poelt & Vézda, 1981 ; Heikkila & Kallio, 1966, 1969; Bigelow, 1970; Gams, 1962; Poelt & Oberwinkler, 1964 (see Umbilicaria) Egan, 1972 Redinger, 1938b; Wirth, 1989; Pentecost & Coppins, 1983 Esslinger, 198@a Poelt, 1969 J¢grgensen, 1978; Poelt & Vézda, 1977; Weber, 1965 [Amphigymnia]: Hale, 1965a; Krog & Swinscow, 1981 (see Parmotrema) [Melanoparmelia]: Ahti, 1966, 1969; Esslinger, 1977,1978a; Poelt & Vézda, 1981 (see also Melanelia and Neofuscelia) [Pseudocyphellate]: Hale, 1965b, 1989; W. Culberson, 1962; W. Culberson & C. Culberson, 1956 (see also Punctelia and Flavopunctelia) [Xanthoparmelia]: Nash, 1974; Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Hale, 1964(see also Xanthoparmelia) [general]: Hale & Kurokawa, 1964; Berry, 1941; Thomson et Aloo KUrOkawa, 1976; sanes, 1982 SKULE,. 1984 (see also Bulbothrix, Hypotrachyna, Parmelina, Pseudo- parmelia, and Relicina) Jgrgensen, 1978; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Hale, 1976c; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Meyer, 1982; Hale, 1967; W. Culberson, 1955; Riddle, 1917; Hillmann, 1936 Imshaug & Harris, 1969 Poelt & Vézda, 1977; Hale, 1974a,d, 1977 (see also Parmelia: Amphigymnia) Peltigera Pertusaria Petractis Phaeographina Phaeographis Phaeophyscia Phaeorrhiza Phlyctella Phlyctidia Phlyctis Phylliscum Phyllopsora Physcia Physciopsis Physconia Pilophorus Placidiopsis Placopsis Placythiella Placynthium Plagiocarpa Platismatia Platygraphopsis Pleurotheliopsis Pleurotrema Polyblastia Polyblastiopsis Polychidium Polymeridium Polysporina Thomson, 1959; Poelt & Vézda, Vitikainen, 1982 1981*° Ahti & Vitikainen, 1977; Dibben, 1989; (sterile); Oshio, Thomson et al., 1968 1969 ; Laundon, 1963 Poelt, 1969; Vézda, 1965a Nakanishi, 1977 iPahalhen, IG) Sis) à Wirth & Hale, Poelt, 1963, 1969; 1978; Nakanishi, 1966 Poelt & Vézda, (see Graphis); 1981 Esslinger, 1978a,b, 198@b; Moberg, 1977, 1978, 1983a Mayrhofer & Poelt, 1978; Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Poelt, 1969 Henssen, 1963e Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Swinscow & Krog, 1981 Thomson, 1963; Moberg, Kashiwadani, 1975 1977; Wade, 1960; Esslinger, 1979; (see Hyperphyscia) 19168 Moberg, Thomson, 1968; Poelt, 1965, Kashiwadani, 1975 (sub Physcia); Vitikainen, MOP Tee 1966; Jahns, 1970, 1981; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Harris, 1979b; Zschacke, 1933 Lamb, 1947 Coppins & James, 1984 Henssen, 1963a Harris, 1973; Tucker & Harris, 198@ W. Culberson & C. Culberson, 1968 Henssen, 1979 Zschacke, 1933; Swinscow, 1971; Servit, 1954 Harris, 1973; Keissler, 1937 Henssen, 1963c; Ohlsson, 1973a Tucker & Harris, 1989 vézda, 1978; Poelt & Vézda, 1981 15 Porina Porocyphus Protoblastenia Pseudephebe Pseudevernia Pseudocyphellaria Pseudoparmelia Pseudopyrenula Psilolechia Psora Psorina Psorula Psoroma Psorotichia Pterygiopsis Punctelia Pycnothelia Pyrenastrum Pyrenidium Pyrenocollema Pyrenopsidium Pyrenopsis Pyrenula Pyrrhospora Pyxine Racodium Ramalina Ramonia Reinkella Relicina 16 Harris, 1973; Swinscow, Keissler, 1937; 11962, Tucker & Harris, Henssen, 1963c, 1966 Poelt, 1969; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Brodo & Hawksworth, 1977; Hale, 1968; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Poelt & Vézda, 1977; Hale, Harris, 1975b; Tucker & Harris, Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Schneider, 1979; Poelt & Vézda, Schneider, 1979; Poelt & Vézda, Schneider, 1979; Poelt & Vézda, J¢rgensen, 1978 Poelt, 1969; Ozenda & Clauzade, Henssen, 1963c Krog, 1982 Thomson, 1967b (sub Cladonia) Tucker & Harris, 1989 Tucker & Harris, 1989 Harris, Poelt & Vézda, Harris, 1978; 1989 Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Imshaug, 1957a; Moberg, 1983b Hawksworth, 197@b Krog & James, 1977; Howe, Wade, 1961; Krog & Swinscow, Keissler, 1959 19197 vézda/, 1966, 1967a, 1973 Hale, 1975b 1965; Poelt & Vézda, Coppins & James, 1974c, NOB Ee 1976; Poelt & Vézda, 1980 UG) ; W. Culberson et al., 199 1976a 1989 1981 1981 1981 1979 Keissler, 1937; 1914; W. Culberson, Concepcién, 1972; 110)7/7/2 WN 7/7 Tucker & 1966a; Rhizocarpon Rhizoplaca Rinodina Rinodinella Roccella Roccellina Ropalospora Sagiolechia Sarcographa Sarcogyne Schadonia Schismatomma Schizopelte Sclerophyton Scoliciosporum Siphula Solenospora Solorina Solorinella Speerschneidera Sphaerophorus Sphinctrina Spilonema Sporastatia Squamarina Staurothele Stenocybe Stereocaulon Sticta [general]: Feuerer, 1978; Thomson, 1967c; Magnusson, 1952c; Gelting, 1954 [yellow species]:Poelt & Vézda, 1977; Runemark, 1956 [non-yellow species]: Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Magnusson, 1947; Sheard, 1967, 1982; Mayrhofer & Poelt, 1979; Myerhofer, 1984 (saxicolous species); Poelt & Vézda, 1S)e}iL Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Mayerhofer, 1984 Poelt, 1969; Darbishire, 1898 Tehler, 1983 Hertel, 1981 vézda, 1967b Magnusson, 1934b, 1935b; Vézda, 1978 (sub Polysporina) Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Poelt, 1969; Poelt & Vézda, 1977 ; Laundon, 1963 (sterile species) Redinger, 1938a Poelt & Vézda, 1981 ; Vézda, 1978; Ahti & Vitikainen, 1974 Mathey, 1974; J. Santesson,1967 Poelt, 1969 Poelt, 1969 Poelt & Vézda, 1969 Hafellner & Egan, 1981 Ohlsson, 1973b; Poelt, 1969; Sato & Ozawa, 1974; Lye, 1969 L6fgren & Tibell, 1979; Poelt, 1969; Tibell, 1975; Poelt & vézda, 1981; Keissler, 1938 Henssen, 1963c Poelt, 1969; Magnusson, 1935b Poelt, 1969; Poelt & Krüger, 1979 Zschacke, 1933; Swinscow, 1963, 1965 Tibell, 1975; Poelt & Vézda, 1977; Keissler, 1938 Lamb, 1977, 1978; Poelt & vézda, 1977; Dahl & Krog, 1973; Kershaw, 1969 Poelt, 1969 17 Strangospora Poelt & Vézda, 1977 Strigula R. Santesson, 1952; Tucker & Harris, 1989 Sulcaria Brodo & Hawksworth, 1977 Synalissa Poelt, 1969 Tapellaria R. Santesson, 1952 Teloschistes Poelt, 1969; Thomson,1949; Rudolph, 1955; Hillmann, 1935; Filson, 1969 Texosporium Tibell & v.Hofsten, 1968 Thamnolia W. Culberson, 1963a; Sheard, 1977 Thelidium Zschacke, 1933; Servit, 1954 Thelocarpon Ahti, 1973a; Poelt & Vézda, 1977; Salisbury, 1966 Thelomma Tibell, 1976; Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Thelopsis vézda, 1968; Harris, 1979a Thelotrema Hale, 1972, 1973, 1974e, 1978; Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Thermutis Henssen, 1963c Tholurna Otto, 19647 1983 Thrombium Swinscow, 1964; Bird & Beil, 1973 Thyrea Henssen, 1968b; Yoshimura, 1968; Poelt, 1969 Tomasellia Harris 1975b; Tucker & Harris, 1989 Toninia Poelt, 1969; Magnusson, 1952c; Baumgartner, 1979 Tornabea Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Tornabeniopsis (see Tornabea) Trapelia Hertel, 1969, 1979; Coppins & James, 1984 Trapeliopsis Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Coppins & James, 1984 Tremolecia Poelt & Vézda, 1981 Trimmatothele Trypethelium Johnson, 1959 Turgidosculum Kohlmeyer & Kohlmeyer, 1979; Brodo, 1977; Schatz,198@ Umbilicaria Llano, 195%; Thomson et al., 1969; Hakulinen, 1962; Kershaw, 1961; Poelt & Vézda, 1981; Bird & Marsh, 1973b Usnea Dahl & Krog, 1973; Motyka, 1936-38; Swinscow & Krog, 1974, 1978, 1979; Keissler, 1959-60 Varicellaria Erichsen,1935; Oshio, 1968 Verrucaria [general]: Zschacke, 1933; Servit,1954 [freshwater]: Swinscow, 1968 [saltwater]: R. Taylor, 1974, 1982}; Pletcher, 1975a/, b 18 m9 PART IV. BIBLIOGRAPHY Ahti, T. 1961. Taxonomic studies on reindeer lichens (Cladonia, subgenus Cladina). Annales Botanici Societatis Zoologicae Botanicae Fennicae "Vanamo" 32(1): 1-160. - 1964. Macrolichens and their zonal distribution in boreal and arctic Ontario, Canada. Annales Botanici Fennici 1: 1-35. - 1966. Parmelia olivacea and the allied non-isidiate and non-sorediate corticolous lichens in the northern hemisphere. Acta Botanica Fennica 79: 1-68. . 1969. Notes on brown species of Parmelia in North America. Bryologist 72: 233-239. - 1973a. Notes on the lichens of Newfoundland. 2. Thelocarpon epibolum Nyl. Annales Botanici Fennici 19: 66-67. - 1973b. Taxonomic notes on some species of Cladonia, subsect. Unciales. Annales Botanici Fennici 19: 163-184. - 1978. Nomenclatural and taxonomic remarks on European species of Cladonia. Annales Botanici Fennici 15: 7-14. - 198@a. Taxonomic revision of Cladonia gracilis and its allies. 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Annales Botanici Fennici 14: 89-94. Almborn, O. 1952. A key to the sterile corticolous crustaceous lichens occurring in South Sweden. Botaniska Notiser 1952: 239-263. Anderson, R.A. 1964. The genus Lecidea (Lichenized Fungi) in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. Ph.D. thesis. University of Colorado, Boulder. 209 pp. Arvidsson, L. 1982. A monograph of the lichen genus Coccocarpia. Opera Botanica 67: 1-96. Awasthi, D.D. 1975. A monograph of the lichen genus Dirinaria. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 2: 1-108. 20 Baumgartner, H. 1979 ("1967"). Revision der europäischen Arten der Gattung Toninia (Massal.) Ampl. Th. Fr. Privately published, and distributed by the Universität München. [Reference from Schneider, 1979] Berry, E.C. 1941. A monograph of the genus Parmelia in North America, north of Mexico. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 28: 31-146. Bigelow, H.E. 1978. Omphalina in North America. Mycologia 62: 1-32. Bird, C.D. 1974. Studies on the lichen genus Evernia in North America. 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Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Botany Series, 11: 17-214. . 1984. Key to crustose pyrenocarpous lichens on limestone and associated substrata (excluding aquatic and marine habitats). British 21! Lichen Society Bulletin 54: 36-45. (Coppins) & P.W. James. 1979a. New or interesting British lichens III. Lichenologist ll: 27-45. & - 1979b. New or interesting British lichens IV. Lichenologist eae O17, 9's & . 1984. New or interesting British lichens V. Lichenologist 16: 241-264. Culberson, C.F. & H. Hertel. 1979. Chemical and morphological analyses of the Lecidea lithophila- plana group (Lecideaceae). Bryologist 82: 189-197. Culberson, W.L. 1955. Note sur la nomenclature, répartition et phyto- sociologie du Parmeliopsis placorodia (Ach.) Nyl. Revue Bryologique et Lichénologique 24: 334-337. - 1962. Some pseudocyphellate Parmeliae. Nova Hedwigia 4: 563-577. - 1963a. The lichen genus Thamnolia. Brittonia 15: 149-144. - 1963b. A summary of the lichen genus Haematomma in North America. Bryologist 66: 224-236. . 1964. The range of Herpothallon sanguineum in the United States. Bryologist 67: 224-226. - 1966a. Chimie et taxonomie des lichens du groupe Ramalina farinacea en Europe. Revue Bryologique et Lichénologique 34: 841-851. - 1966b. Chemistry and taxonomy of the lichen genera Heterodermia and Anaptychia in the Carolinas. Bryologist 69: 472-487. - 1969. The chemistry and systematics of some species of the Cladonia cariosa group in North America. Bryologist 72: 377-386. & C.F. Culberson. 1956. The systematics of the Parmelia dubia group in North America. American Journal of Botany 43: 678-687. & - 1965. Asahinea, a new genus in the Parmeliaceae. Brittonia 17: 182-199. & - 1967. A new taxonomy for the Cetraria ciliaris group in North America. Bryologist 7@: 158-166. & - 1968. The lichen genera Cetrelia and Platismatia (Parmeliaceae). Contributions of the United States National Herbarium 34: 449-558. & - 1981. The genera Cetrariastrum and Concamerella (Parmeliaceae): A chemosystematic synopsis. Bryologist 84: 273-314. 5 & A. Johnson. 1977. Pseudevernia furfuracea-olivetorina relationships: chemistry and ecology. Mycologia 69: 604-614. & M.E. Hale, Jr. 1966. The range of Normandina pulchella in North America. Bryologist 69: 365-367. Dahl, E. & H. Krog. 1973. Macrolichens of Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. Scandinavian University Books, Universitetsforlaget, Oslo. 185 PP: Darbishire, O.V. 1898. Monographia Roccelleorum. Bibliotheca Botanica 45: 1-102. 22 Degelius, G. 1948. Contributions to the lichen flora of North America. I. Lichens from Maine. Arkiv fôr Botanik 3@0A(1): 1-62. 1941. Contributions to the lichen- Elora or North America. 2. ine lichen flora of the Great Smoky Mountains. Arkiv fôr Botanik 30A(3): 1-80. - 1954. The lichen genus Collema in Europe. Symbolae Botanicae Upsalienses 13(2): 1-499. - 1974. The lichen genus Collema with special reference to the extra-european species. Symbolae Botanicae Upsalienses 20(2): 1-215. Dey, J.P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. Bryologist 81: 1-93. Dibben, M.J. 1989. The chemosystematics of the lichen genus Pertusaria in North America north of Mexico. Milwaukee Public Museum, Publications in Biology and Geology 5: 1-162. Duncan, U.K. 1970. Introduction to British lichens. TT. Buncle & Co., Arbroathe) 9292 5pp. Egan, R.S. 1972. A note on the distribution of Omphalodium arizonicum in the United States. Bryologist 75: 576-578. Erichsen, C.F.E. 1935. Pertusariaceae. In Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutchland, Osterreich und der Schweiz 9,5(1): 321-728. Esslinger, T.L. 1973. Chemical and taxonomic studies on some corticolous members of the lichen genus Cetraria in western North America. Mycologia 65: 602-613. - 1975. A new North American species of the lichen genus Gomphillus. 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A review of the genera Teloschistes and Xanthoria in the lichen family Teloschistaceae in Australia. Muelleria 2: 65-114. Fink, B. 1935. The lichen flora of the United States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 426 pp. 23 Fletcher, A. 1975a. Key for the identification of British marine and mari- time lichens. I. Siliceous rocky shore species. Lichenologist 7: 1-52. - 1975b. Key for the identification of British marine and maritime lichens. II. Calcareous and terricolous species. Lichenologist 7: 73-115. Galloway, D.J. 1988. Notes on the lichen genus Baeomyces in New Zealand. Botaniska Notiser 133: 77-83. Gams, H. 1962. Die Halbflechten Botrydina und Coriscium als Basidiolichen. Oesterreiche Botanische Zeitung 199: 376-3890. Gelting, P. 1954. The Rhizocarpon species with peltate areoles occurring in Europe and North America. Botanisk Tidsskrift 51: 71-92. Gilbert, O.L. 1978. Fulgensia in the British Isles. Lichenologist 19: 33-46. Gilenstam, G. 1969. 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The Parmelia conspersa group in North America and Europe. Bryologist 67: 462-473. - 1965a. A monograph of Parmelia subgenus Amphigymnia. Contributions of the United States National Herbarium 36: 191-358. - 1965b. Studies on the Parmelia borreri group. Svensk Botaniska TASSE EEE 37 187 . 1967. New taxa in Cetraria, Parmelia and Parmeliopsis. Bryologist 70: 414-422. - 1968. A synopsis of the lichen genus Pseudevernia. Bryologist 71: 1-11. - 1972. Typification of species in the lichen family Thelotremataceae described by Acharius. Botaniska Notiser 125: 186-198. - 1973. Studies of the lichen family Thelotremataceae. 1. Phytologia 26: 413-420. 24 (Hale). 1974a. New combinations in the lichen genus Parmotrema Massalongo. Phytologia 28: 334-339. - 1974b. Delimitation of the lichen genus Hypotrachyna (Vainio) Hale. Phytologia 28: 340-342. - 1974c. New combinations in the lichen genus Pseudoparmelia Lynge. Phytologia 29: 188-191. - 1974d. 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Laubitz (1983) SURVEY OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGISTS IN CANADA - 1982 / REPERTOIRE DES ZOOLOGISTES DES INVERTEBRES AU CANADA —- 1982. 93° Ps No. 43 Ouellet, Henri et Michel Gosselin (1983) LES NOMS FRANGAIS DES OISEAUX D'AMERIQUE DU NORD. B36) p'. No. 44 Faber, Daniel J., editor (1983) PROCEEDINGS OF 1981 WORKSHOP ON CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF NATURAL HISTORY COLLECTIONS. L9G) p. No. 45 Lanteigne, J. and D.E. McAllister (1983) THE PIGMY SMELT, OSMERUS SPECTRUM COPE, 1870, A FORGOTTEN SIBLING SPECIES OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICAN FISH. B32 No. 46 Frank, Peter G. (1983) A CHECKLIST AND BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE SPINICULA FROM CANADIAN AND ADJACENT WATERS. 47 p. No. 47 Ireland, Robert R. and Linda M. Ley (1984) TYPE SPECIMENS OF BRYOPHYTES IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NATURAL SCIENCES, NATIONAL MUSEUMS OF CANADA. 69 p. No. 48 Bouchard, André, Denis Barabé, Madeleine Dumais et/and Stuart Hay (1983) LES PLANTES VASCULAIRES RARES DU QUEBEC / THE RARE VASCULAR PLANTS OF QUEBEC. 79, 75 p. No. 49 Harington, C.R., editor (1983) CLIMATIC CHANGE IN CANADA 3. 343) pi. No. 5@ Hinds, Harold R. (1983) THE RARE VASCULAR PLANTS OF NEW BRUNSWICK / LES PLANTES VASCULAIRES RARES DU NOUVEAU-BRUNSWICK. 38, 42l pie No. Sl Harington, CoR., editor (1984) CLIMATIC CHANGE IN CANADA 4. 368 p. No. 52 Hunter, J.G., S.T. Leach, D.E. McAllister and M.B. Steigerwald (1984) A DISTRIBUTIONAL ATLAS OF RECORDS OF THE MARINE FISHES OF ARCTIC CANADA IN THE NATIONAL MUSEUMS OF CANADA AND ARCTIC BIOLOGICAL STATION. 35 pie No. 53 Russell, D.A. (1984) A CHECKLIST OF THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF NORTH AMERICAN DINOSAURS. S15 joe No. 54 McAllister, Don E., Brad J. Parker and Paul McKee (1985) RARE, ENDANGERED AND EXTINCT FISHES IN CANADA. uS2 Die No. 55 Harington, C.R., editor (in press) CLIMATIC CHANGE IN CANADA 5. CALIF ACAD OF SCIENCES LIBRARY | | | 1} UE 1853 10004 4895 5 MUD ET Baa il || Ml