^^ . ^ a \ynopsis of the Kami lies if) „ ^ le n e r a o f N . Arre f /B i' b t e r* " > H >— ( O All,?; ?;,/■ SYNOPSIS FAMILIES AND GENERA NORTH AMERICAN DIPTERA, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND NEW SPECIES, 1878-88. SAMUEL W. WILL 1ST ON, Professor of Anatomy, Yale University. \i:W IIAVKN: .1 1' . Hathaway, P u h l i s h e r . 1888. J Al n/7.3 SYNOPSIS FAMILIES AND GENERA NORTH AMERICAN DIPTERA, EXCLUSIVE OF THE GENERA OF THE NEMATOCERA AND MUSCID/E, BIBLIOGRAPHY AND NEW SPECIES, 1878-88. SAMUEL W : ' WILLI ST .>?C(»|A^ C'tVO> Professor of Anatomy, Yale University. NEW HAVEN: J . T . Hathaway, P f h l i s h e r . 1888. NORTH AMERICAN DIPTERA I N T H ( ) 1) U C T I O N . TnK writer has, during the past five years, published in different l)eriodicals various synoptic tables of tiie families and genera of North American Diptera. Tlie intention was, at first, to reprint these with revisions, that tliey might be more accessible to those interested in this order of insects. In order to make, it is trusted, the tables of more service, those of other families have been added, either as compiled or reproduced from standard authorities, or pre- pared from the examination of specimens in the author's collection. It will be understood, however, that, in not a few families, the pres- ent condition of American dipterology does not admit of the prepa- ration of synopses free from error ; the writer's acquaintance, too, with not a few families, has been less complete than with others, and it is very true that only he who has made a critical study of abundant material is competent to compile such tables with mucli success. For this reason, the tables of genera in the Nematocerous and Muscid families have been omitted. It may be mentioned that very nearly all the genera defined in the present work have been examined by the writer, though not all with the same degree of critical study. The faunal limits embraced are those north of Mexico ; and whenever extralimital forms are introduced they will be found preceded by a ^ . The student will soon learn that the characters of many flies are not so simple and apparent as a mere synoptic table would indicate them to be. He will often be puzzled at the interpre- tation of characters, even after he has acquired a considerable expe- rience. Furthermore, it is often necessary to study any author a considerable time before he becomes thoroughly familiar with his peculiarities of style and modes of expressi(m ; he must become, one may say, familiar with the personal equation of each writer before he can feel confidence in the results obtained from him. It is pre- cisely those autiiors who reduce that ])ersonal equation to the mini- mum who are most successful as describers. One, for instance, may feel confident of a determination of a species described by Macquart, 4 Fa^iii.iks AM) Gexeka of wlicrc the same description under Osten Sacken's name he would feel certain did not ai)i)ly. Doubt of tlie right generic location of a specimen may often he surest dissipated l)v attempting to refer to some species. In fact the only way that the ])resent writer was en- abled to generically determine the larger part of his species in his earlier studies was by first ascertaining the species. Until the stu- dent has acquired a sort of intuitive ac<|uaintance with tiic different families, the work will often be tedious, but, by perseverance, he can not fail to overcome whatever obstacles families and genera ma.v present. He will be very much aided, at the beginning, how- ever, by having a tolerably large collection at his command — already named b}' some one else if convenient — by which to make compar- isons. Difficulties to the inexperienced will often disappear, with positive evidence before him, where negative characters are puz- zling. To determine his species the student will need a large scries of papers, a list of which uj) to 1878, will be found in Osten Sacken's Catalogue, and from that time to the present in the concluding pages of this work. But, very much can be done with a much snuiller and more accessible list. After he has become acquainted with the order in general, he can select any particular group and l)rocure the papers for systematic work in that group at compara- tively small expense. Much the larger part of the descriptions, it is true, will be found in foreign languages, but that need not deter him ; descriptive phraseology is verj' simple, and it needs but a little exertion to become sufficiently accjuainted with the four or five lan- guages to read descriptions in them with ease or even to write them, if need be. A tiiorough knowledge of the German, however, is ab- solutely essential before much lieadway can be made. As in many other branches of biology, German literature is by far the most im- portant and abundant — indeed it is almost a matter of doubt whether the balance between the bad and good in dipterological literature by the French, English and Italian authors is not almost equal, and this without intimating anything against the really good authors these countries have jjroduced : Walker, Desvoidy and Lioy make a combiiuition hard to match in any branch of science. The following works are to l)c connnended for the use of the be- ginner OSTEX Sacken. Catalogue of Diptera, 2il edition, Smithsonian Institution, 1878. North American Diptera. 5 SniiNER. Fauna Austriaca, Diptera. 2 vols. Vienna, 1862-64. LoKM- and Ostkn Sackkn. Monofjraplis of North American Diptera. 4 vols. Smithsonian Institution, 1862-72. WiM,i!«TON. Synopsis of the North American Syrphidas. Bull. V. S. National Museum, No. :;51, 1886. OsTEN SAf'KEX. Trodrome to a Monograph of the Tahanidaa. Bos- ton Soc. Nat. Hist. 1875-8. LoEW. Diptera Centurise, 1860-1872. (One thousand new N. A. species.) WiEDEMAXx. Aussereuropaeische Zzeifluegelige Insekten, 1828-30. MACQrART. Dipteres Exotiques Noveaux on pen Connus. 2 vols, and 5 supplements, 1888-55. Meigen. Systematische Beschreihung der Europalschen Zweifiue- geligen Insekten, 1818-38. (Useful for the figures.) OsTEN Saoken. Biologia Oontral-i-Americana, Diptera, 1886. (Ac- cess to this work can only be obtained in large libraries.) ScHiXER. Novara Expedition, Diptera, 1868. Macqiart. Histoire nat. des Dipteres, Suites a Buffon. 2 vols. 1835. The above list has been arranged in about the order in which the works will prove the most useful. In order to render the tables and descriptions intelligible to the student wholly unacquainted with this order of insects, for whom, indeed, the present work is more especially intended, some brief descriptions of the peculiar terminology is necessary. The termi- nology here used is essentially that of Loew, who gives a fuller exposi- tion of it in the first volume of his monographs, works which, with Osten Sacken's more recent catalogue, will be of first importance to all those who would pursue the study further than that of mere separation into families and genera. . Terjiinolooy of Diptera. — The large compound eyes are present in all diptera, except some pupipara. In the majority of males they are contiguous on the upper part (holoptic), rarely so in the females. The narrow border, immediately surrounding them is the ORBIT, indicating often a more or less indefinite space. When the eyes are separated (dichoptic), as they are in most females and many males, the space between them, limited above by the upper margin of the head, or vertex, and below by a line drawn across the base of the antennas, is called the front ; on the lower part of the front, in most diptera cyclorrhapha, there is a crescentic space (frontal lunole) separated by an impressed line. On the upper part of the front, near the vertex, there are usually three, rarely two, often no, simple, small eyes, called ocelli — their presence or absence is an important character. In the holoptic male, the trian- gle upon which these ocelli are situated, limited in front by the eyes, 6 F'amm.iks and Gkxkka ok behind by tlie vertical iimrj^tin, is known as the ocellar, or verti- cal, triangle ; a similar triangle below, above the base of the anten- nae, is called tiie kkontai. triangle. Below the antennae, the space, limited by the oral margin, the cheeks and the eyes, is the face, and characters drawn from it are of the highest value in spe- cific classification. The space below the eyes, indefinitely limited in front by the face, and behind by the margin of the occmmt (the posterior surface of the head) is the cheek. Of the mouth-parts, the rnoHOScis, when not rareh- absent, with its terminal, often fieshy, scraping or suctorial flaj)s, the labella, and the one to five jointed palpi at the base, is the most important. The oral margin of the face is sometimes spoken of as the peristoma, or h y p o s t o m a, but the more common and better term is epistoma. Of the antenna;, the third joint, in the brachycerous and cyclorrhaphous diptera, usually bears a bristle (arista), or style. The thorax is composed, as in other insects, of three parts, the PKO-thorax, MESO-thorax, and META-thorax, but the first and and the last are so aborted as to present but few anatomical charac- ters. The prothorax is perhaps most readily distinguished in the nematocerous flies, forming a rounded collar, back of the neck. The metathorax is not seen at all from above; the scrxELU'M, a semi-oval body behind, cut off by an impressed line, really belongs to the mesothorax, the dorsum of which is often called the mesono- TUM. Across, near the middle of the mesonotum, there is an impressed line, terminating on each side a little in front of the wings, that is known as the transverse sdture. The anterior su2)erior angles of the thorax are the humeri, or humeral callosities, and on the margin of the mesonotum, between the wings and the scutel- lum, there is, on each side, an oval, obtuse i)rocess, named the post- alar CALLUS. Limiting the mesonotum, running from the humerus to the wing, is the dorso-pleural suture ; below it, the whole side of the thorax forms the pleura, divided by sutures into smaller spaces called the MESo-pleura, sTERNo-pleura, Hvpo-pleura, and META-pleura. The under part of the thorax is the pectus or breast. The oval, arched portion behind, beneath thescutellum, is the sieta- NOTUM, and, on either side, we see a slender organ with a knob-like head, the aborted second pair of wings, and known as the balancers, poisers, or halteres. Above them, and back of the base of the wings, are the more or less well-developed membranous scales, the TEGULiE. NouTH Ameuican Diptera. 7 The term abi>omen is usually applied to the upper side of the third priiuipal part of the inseet, only; for the underside we use the term ventkk. At the terminal part of the male abdomen, are the sexual ai)pendaj;es, to whieh the name hypopygiitm is applied. In the female, the eorrespondinfj part is the ovipositor. To understand the neuration of the wings, let the student seleet for eomparison a eommon large horse-fly (Tabanida?) and a common house or blue-bottle fly (Muscida?). Observe in the for- mer, near the middle of the wing, directed transversely, a large, ob- long, five or six-sided cell, surrounded on all sides by other cells. This is the discal cell, and is present in nearly all flies. Some, wliere on the vein (foirtii longitudinal) that bounds this cell in front, will be seen a short connecting vein, directed anteriorly ; this is the anterior or small cross-vein, and affords, in most cases, a key to the neuration, no matter how intricate. It always connects the fourth longitudinal vein behind with the third longitudinal in front ; the cell behind it is the discal, in front the sub.marginal, on the outer side the first posterior, on the inner side the first basal. Lying parallel with the first basal cell, and just behind it, is the SECOND basal cell; just behind the second basal cell is the third BASAL or anal ccU. In tlie horse-fly, the anal cell is seen to run back obliquely to near the posterior margin of the wing, where it terminates acutely, that is, the anal cell is said to be closed near the border of the wing ; should the two veins that close it run separately into the wing's margin, then the cell is open. Now, counting out- wardly along the posterior border to the third longitudinal vein (posterior branch), there will be seen five posterior cells, all open (except in a few species of our Tabanidas the first posterior cell is closed), with their bases bordering on the discal and first and sec- ond basal cells. By following the third longitudinal vein outwardly fw)m the anterior cross- vein, it is seen to give off an anterior branch, which, runs to terminate in the front margin or costa of the wing; the third longitudinal vein is here furcate, and two submarginal cells are present. Compare now these same structures in the house-fly, and the discal is found much more elongated, the basal and anal cells small, the third longitudinal vein simple, not furcated, and only one submarginal and three posterior cells are present. Do not confound the obliquely placed vein that nearly closes the first posterior cell with the furcation of the third vein. The house-fly will also show clearly the six longitudinal veins, the last of which runs obliquely backward from the anal cell toward the margin, the fifth bordering the discal cell behind, .the first and second running into the costa. The first vein that terminate Not suL'h flies, wings usually many-veined. ... 6 6. Ocelli present. 7 Ocelli wanting (compare My ce tophi lidae.) . 9 7. Wings broad, bare, characteristically marked by numerous folds between the veins, giving a netted, spiderweb-like appear- ance Blepiiauocerid.e Wings not so marked ; no entire transverse suture. . 8 8. Coxae much elongated (moderately so in Sciarinae); antennae often elongate, the joints constricted; three or two oaelli (in the latter case situated near the eyes, and often hardly per- ceptible); all the tibiae with spurs. . Mvcetophilid.e Coxae short, the thorax rounded, not humped, above ; antennae shorter than the thorax, thickened, the joints closely united without marked constrictions; legs strong, the front femora often thickened ; empoiia pulvilliform, the pulvilli sometimes absent; eyes of male large. ... Bibionid.e 9. The costal or marginal vein does not extend beyond the tip of the wing. ......... 10 The marginal vein encompasses the entire wing. . . • . 11 10. Antennae slender, the joints more or less constricted, and often bushy plum:)se; legs slenier, hinl tibiae and metatarsi never dilated; body and abdomen slender; wings narrow. ClIIRONOMID^E Antennae shorter than the thorax, the joints broadly and closely united, without marked constrictions, and never hairy or pi- lose; legs strong, hind pair mjre or less dilated; body thick- set, abdomen ovate ; wings broad, bare, the anterior veins stouter, the posterior ones weak. Black-flies, buffalo-gnats. SiMULIDiE 11. Wings distally, with ten longitudinal veins, without cross-veins, broad, pointed, veins strongly hairy ; tibiae without terminal spurs; small, lepidoptera-like flies, the wings, when at rest, folded roof-shaped. Psychodid.*: NouTH American Diptera. 11 Wings with small cross-veins near the middle, not broad and pointed, the veins hairy and conspicuously fringed along the hind margin ; wings when at rest not roof-shaped. Mosqui- toes CULICID.'E 12. Third joint of the antenna? complex; basal cells of wings long. 13 Antenna? composed of three simple joints, the third not annu- lated or segmentated, with or without a dorsal arista, or ter- minal style or arista. ....... 19 Ul Kmpodia undeveloped or bristle-like; antenna; elongate, com- posed of four or five joints, without differentiated style or arista; vertex and front hollowed out transversely between the ej'es ; eyes of male never contiguous. ... 26 F>mpodia developed pulvilliform ; third antennal joint more or less distinctly segmentated or annulated ; body not bristly 14 14. Teguhu rather large ; third longitudinal vein furcate ; five pos- terior cells always present ; the costal vein encompasses the whole margin of the wing; proboscis of the female adapted for piercing; third joint of antenna; with from three to eight annuli, never with style or bristle. Horseflies. . Tabanid.e Tegulse small or rudimentar}' ; mostly flower-flies. (See No ta- cantha.) 15 15. Tibia> wholly without terminal spurs; longitudinal veins of the wings usually crowded anteriorly, those posteriorly often ■ weak ; the costal vein does not reach beyond the tip of the wing; antennae long or short, with or without a terminal or dorsal arista or terminal style. . . StratiomyidjK The middle tibiae at least, with distinct spurs ; the costal vein encompasses the entire wing; third longitudinal vein always furcate, and five posterior cells always present. . . 16 16. All the tibia; with spurs; third Joint of antennae sometimes di- vided into separate divisions. . . . XYLOPHAGiDiE Front tibiae without spurs. 17 17. Fourth posterior cell of wings closed (Subula). Stratiomyid.k, pt. Fourth posterior cell open (Art hrocerina;.)^' . . 18 18. Face projecting on each side into a rounded conical protuber- ance Glutofs Face with two diverging furrows. . . Arthroceras 12 Familiks and Gkneka or- 19. Antenna? npparently single-jointoil, with a long bristle; winj^s with several stout veins anteriorly, and other weaker ones running across the surface unconnected by cross-veins ; fem- ora flattened, the hind legs long; antennas situated near the mouth; small, quick-running, hunchback-like flies. riiOKin.E Not such flies 20 20. Empodia developed pulvilliform, that ia, three nearly equal, membranous appendages on the under side of the claws. 21 Empodia wanting, rmlimentary or linear, not developed like the pulvilli 23 21. TegulcB very large, inflated ; thorax and abdomen inflated ; head ^ small, e3'es very large ; neuration varied. . Cjcbjid-e Tegulaj of moderate size or rudimentary. .... 22 22. Middle tibia?, at least, with spurs, no bristles on femora or tibia? ; third longitudinal vein furcate; five posterior cells present (four in Agnot omy ia); anterior cross-vein always distinct; third joint of the antennae with a bristle or slender style, usu- ally terminal LeptidvE Not such flies 23 23. Third longitudinal vein of the wing simple, not furcate. . 32 Third longitudinal vein furcate, two or more submarginal cells present. .... ..... 24 24. Arista or style of antennae, when present, always terminal. 25 Arista dorsal, always present. ... ... 3^ 25. Vertex and front distinctly hollowed out transversely between the eyes; eyes of male never contiguous; basal cells large; mostly large flies. ........ 26 Front and vertex plane or convex ; eyes of male often con- tiguous ..... 27 26. Proboscis without fleshy labella at the tip, the under part form- ing a horny sheath ; the posterior branch of the third vein terminates behind the tip of the wing; five posterior cells al- ways present ; predaceous flies Asilid.e Proboscis with fleshy labella at the tip ; neuration complicated, the third vein, at least, curves forward to terminate before the tip of the wing; antenna? with a terminal flattened la- mella. . MlDAID^ 27. Five posterior cells in the wing ; basal cells large. . 30 Never more than four posterior cells in the wing. . . 28 2W ).MI!YMI>,« L Empida: j North Amkkican DirricitA. 13 28. Tliird aiitennal joint without bristle or style; three posterior cells; first posterior cell narrowed or closed, tiie fourth lon- gitudinal vein terniinatin};!^ at or before the tip of the winjj. SCKNOIMMD.K Third antennal joint rarely without terminal style ; four or three posterior cells; the fourth vein terminates beyond the tip of the win.£r 29 29. Anal cell narrowly open, or closed near the border. Boa Anal cell closed remote from the border. . 30. Xeuration intricate, the small cross-vein wantinj;; or rudimentary, owinpc to the coalescence of the third and fourth veins for a longer or shorter distance ; tibia? without terminal spurs ; em- podia andpulvilli membranous, but frequently minute. NKMISriJlXID.E Neuration not intricate; the anterior cross-vein always distinct ; labella of proboscis fleshy 31 31. The posterior branch of the third vein terminates before the tip of the wing; male sexual organs prominent. . Apiocerid/E The posterior branch of the third vein terminates behind the tip of the wing; male sexual organs small. . Therevida: 32. Antennae with a dorsal arista 38 Antenna? with a terminal arista or style 33 33. Wings pointed, no cross-veins in the middle, the fourth longitu- dinal furcate and united with the fifth ; small species. LONCHOPTERI D^ Wings rounded at the tip, not lancet-like. ... 34 34. Second basal cell confluent with the discal cell, not separated by a small vein ; the auxiliary vein does not terminate in the costa; small, mostly brilliant-colored, predaceous flies. D0LICI10P0DID.« Second basal cell separated from discal cell by a small vein. 35 35. Antennae with a terminal style. 36 Antennae with a terminal bristle 37 36. First posterior closed (Conopidae, pt., Syrphidae, pt.) 41 First posterior cell open. Empid.e 37. Head comparatively small ; the proboscis usually more or less elongated; alula; of wings usually rudimentary. Empid.k Head as broad as the thorax ; proboscis fleshy ; alula; distinct. PLATYPEZIDiE 29 Anal cell narrowl}' open, or closed near the margin; discal cell present (in our genera) Romhylid.i-:. Anal cell closed remote from the border, sometimes wanting; if closed near the bonier (IIii.arimorpha), the discal cell want- ing. EM1'1D-E. 14 Families and (jenera of 38. Proboscis nuliineiitary, palpi wanting ; first posterior cell usually narrowed ; tegula^ usually large. Botflies. (Estuid.e Proboscis not rudimentary ; palpi present. . 3!) 39. Second basal cell confluent with the discal cell ; not separated by a small vein; small, mostly brilliant-colored, predaceous flies ; face never broad and convex. Dolichopodid.e Second basal cell separated from the discal cell by a small cross- vein (or, if not, not brilliant-colored, predaceous flics, and the face always broad and arched, E p h y d r i n a?. ) 40 40. Posterior basal cells of wing elongate ; the anal cell closed to- ward the margin ; first posterior cell closed or much narrowed (except sometimes in Pipunculidas. ) . . . 41 Posterior basal cells of wings small ; the anal cell always closed remote from the margin. ...... 43 41. Face with sub-antennal vertical grooves or depression. (Co- nopidae, pt. ) 43 Face convex transversely, or with a median ridge; never with a sub-antennal depression. 42 42. Between the third and fourth longitudinal veins, and sub-paral- lel with them, crossing the anterior cross-vein, a spurious longitudinal vein, or, when rarely not present, the first pos- terior cell closed a considerable distance from the border ; eyes never extraordinarily large ; abdomen without bristles. Syrphid^ Spurious vein never present; first posterior cell never closed before the margin ; eyes very large, including the largest part of the head ; small species. Pipunculid^ 43. Proboscis horny, elongate, often folding back near the middle ; abdomen never with bristles ; tibiic without terminal spurs (or, if with them, the face with a median ridge, and the pro" boscis folding;) first posterior cell closed or narrowed. CONOPID.E Proboscis fleshy and not elongate, (or if elongate and slender, with or without a median hinge, the abdomen with distinct bristles, or the bristle of antennae plumose. ) . . 44 44. Tegulae large ; face with sub-antennal vertical grooves or de- pression. (Muscida>calyptratae. ) . 45 Tegulae small Muscid.*; ac.4lyptrat>ie North American Diptera. 15 45. First posterior cell widely open, not narrowed in the margin. Anthyomyid.e First posterior cell closed, or more or less narrowed. . 46 40. Antennal arista wholly bare Tachinid.*: Antennal arista distinctly pubescent or plumose. 47 47. Arista bare on the distal part ; dorsum of abdomen rarely bris- tly before the distal part .... Sarcophagid.e Arista plumose or pubescent to the tip 48 48. Dorsum of abdomen bristly ; legs usually elongate. Dexid.e Abdominal segments without bristles, except sometimes some- what near the tip. Mcscid.e 49. Wingless flies, parasitic upon bats; head not flattened, folding back upon the dorsum of the thorax ; first joint of tarsi not abbreviated. Nycteribid.e Winged or wingless flies, parasitic upon birds or quadrupeds ; head flattened, sunk into a shallow emargination of the thorax ; first joint of the four anterior, or all, tarsi abbre- viated. HiPPOBOSCiD^: 16 Families and Genkha of FAMILY CHARACTERS AND SYNOPSES OF GENERA. NOT A CANT H A. Empodia developed pulvilliforni, pulvilli present. Without dis- tinct bristles. Basal cells of wings large. Third joint of antennae segmented or annulated. Tegiilaj small or rudimentary. Proboscis not adapted for piercing. Males holoptic or dichoptic. 1. Tibiae wholly without spurs ; veins usually crowded anteriorly. Stratiomyida; Tibiae more or less spurred ; the costal vein encompasses the whole wing ; two sub-marginal and five posterior cells always present .2 2. All the tibiae with spurs. ........ 3 Front tibi:e without spurs. ....... 4 3. Third joint of antcnnie not acute at tip, or, if so, the scutellum with spines on its border. . . . Xylophagid/E Third joint acute; palpi cylindrical; scutellum without spines. Arthropeas 4. Fourth posterior cell closed. ..... Subcla Fourth posterior cell open. (Leptidae.) .... 5 5. Face projecting on each side into a rounded conical protuberance, thickly covered with hair. ..... Glutops Face with two deep, diverging furrows, running from the base of the antenna; to the oral margin. . . Arthroceras XYLOPHAGID^. Species of moderate or large size, more or less elongated, thinly pilose, or nearly bare. Ocelli present. Antennie elongate, third joint annulated or segmentated, never with a differentiated style or bristle. Veins of the wings distinct, not crowded anteriorly, third longitudinal vein furcate; five j)osterior cells. Abdomen with seven or eight visible segments. All the tibiae with spurs at the tip. The flies are usually found about trees, where they feed upon the sap, or about decaying logs, and are often mistaken for iclineu- monids. North American Dittera. 17 1. All four posterior veins arise from the disual cell; head small; scutellum with spines. ..... Ccenomyia The last posterior vein arises from the second basal eoll ; head not small ; scutellum without spines. .... 2 2. Fourth posterior cell closed; third joint of antennje much elon- gate, composed of numerous distinct divisions, often pec- tinate ; eyes emarginate near the antennae. IIh.^chicerds Fourth posterior cell open ; third joint of antennae composed of eight annuli, indistinctly separated. Xylophagus Rhachicerus Haliday, in Walker, List, etc. V, 103, 1854. Xylophagus Meigen, in Illiger's Magazine, II, 266, 1803. BoLBOMYiA Loew, Bernstein und Bernsteinfauna, 39, 1850. Ccenomyia Latreiile, Precis des Caract. Gener. etc. 1797. SuBULA Meigen, Syst. Beschr. II, 15, 1820. Arthropeas Loew. See Leptida;. Arthroceras Williston. See Leptidae. Glutops Burgess. See Leptidae. STRATIOMYID^: Head large, hemispherical. Antennae situated at or below the middle of the head in profile, short or elongate, the third joint com- l)osed of more or less distinct annuli ; usually with a more or less differentiated style, or bristle. Eyes bare or pilose ; ocelli present. Scutellum often with thickened spine-like points. Abdomen elon- gate, clavate, oval, or rounded, flattened or convex above, of five or more visible segments. Legs never very stout, often slender, tibise without spurs (except in some exotic genera.) Wings usually with the veins more or less crowded anteriorly, often on the outer poste- rior part weak and faint; third longitudinal vein usually furcate, terminating before the tip of the wing ; four or five posterior cells, all open, the posterior veins not seldom more or less rudimentary. Species from three or four to twenty or more millimeters in length, liare or moderate pilose. They are mostly flower-flies, and are often found upon vegetation in the vicinity of damp places. Larvae pu- pigerous, that is the pupae remain within the larval skin till ready to emerge as perfect insects. 1. Abdomen with seven visible segments. P. k u i i> i n .♦; Abdomen with only five or six visible segmints. ... 2 18 Families and (tknkra of 2. Three posterior veins, all discal. P a c h y g a 8 t r i n t; ^Foiir p')sterior veins, the anterior ones sometimes rudimentary. 3 3. All the posterior veins discal, the last posterior cell contipruous at its base with the discal cell. ...... 4 The last posterior vein arises from the second basal cell, the last posterior cell not contiguous at its base with the discal cell, h 4. Third antennal joint with a long, delicately fringed, lanielliform style; usually large, more or less elongated species; males dichoptic. (Hermetiinae.) . . . Hermetia Third joint not with such a style ; abdomen short, not more than twice as long as broad. . Clitellarinve 5. AntenniB with a slender dorsal or terminal bristle. Sarg in.« Antennie never with a slender or long bristle. S t r a t i o m v i n .*; Deriding. Abdomen with seven visible segments in the male, in the feinale with an additional ovipositor. Wings with a stigmatic spot ; all the posterior veins arise from the discal cell.* Abdomen flattened. 1. Three posterior veins ; occiput flat. ..... 2 Four posterior veins ; scutellum with spines 3 2. Scutellum with spines ; palpi rudimentary. . Beris Scutellum without spines (Metoponia Lw., non Macq.) Allognosta 3. Occiput excavated; hind femora thickened at the extremity. ^ Neoxaireta Occiput flat, hind femora simple ; last two abdominal segments small. ........ SCOLIOPELTA SaRGINjE. Body usually elongate ; rather small, nearly bare species. Four posterior veins, the last one arising from the basal cell. Antennae short, the third joint rounded or subquadrate, with an apical or pre- apical arista. Scutellum without spines on its border. [Occiput deeply excavated.] 1. Anterior ocellus more widely separated than the other two ; males holoptic or dichoptic 2 Ocelli equidistant, more approximate 3 * Variable in Kerie. . No Kill AmKKIOAN Dll'TlOKA. li> 2. Abdomen contracted toward tlie base, clavate, pedicellate. Macrosargus i^bdonien not pedicellate in the male, in the female the second segment not concave on the sides. . Sargus 3. Second antennal joint prolonged on its inner side into a projec- tion, extending on. and closely lying upon, the third joint. Ptecticus Second joint not with such a projection. .... 4 4. Males dichoj)tic ; eyes bare Chrysonotus Males holoptic ; posterior veins weak. ..... 5 ;'). Ej'es thickly pilose Chloromyia Eyes bare, deep metallic species; front very broad in the female ; arista terminal ; abdomen short ; eyes of male with an area of enlarged facets above. .... Microchrysa Stratiomyin^;. Rather large species, the abdomen usually ovate and more or less thickened. Five posterior cells; often, however, one or more of the three veins that arise from the discal cell is faint or rudimetary, and the cells coalescent: in such cases the discal cell will usually show angulations, indicating their origin. The last posterior vein is nearly always distinct, and arises from the second basal cell. Anterior veins often crowded toward the front. Antennae never with a long or slender bristle. 1. First antennal joint three or four limes as long as the second; scutellum with spines Stratiomyia First antennal joint not three times as long as the second. . 2 2. Face projeetingconically downward; small species. Myxosakgus Face not projecting downward in a cone; abdomen not elon- gate. Odontomyia Clitellarin.*:. Abdomen short, usually but little longer than broad; four poste- rior veins, all of which arise from the discal cell. Small or mod- erately large species, nearly bare. 1. Scutellum without spines; face produced below into a projecting cone ; posterior veins of wing weak ; small species. Nkmotef.us Scutellum with spines 2 20 Families ani> Genera of 2. Antenna; short, with a subterininal bristle. , . Oxycera Antennae more or less elongate, without bristle. ... 3 8. Scutellum with two spines on its border 4 Scutellum with six spines. [Compare Scoliopelta.] 4. Antennae much elongated, style not differentiated, eyes bare, smaller species Euparhyphus Antennae less elongate, style more or less differentiated, eyes pilose, larger species Clitellaria Pachygastrin.*:. Small species, abdomen oval. Three posterior veins, all arising from the discal cell. Antennae situated near the middle of the face in profile, third joint short, with a terminal arista, scutellum with- out spines Pachygaster Allognosta Osten Sacken, Berl. Ent. Zeit. XXVII, 297, 1883. Beris Latreille, Hist. Nat. des Crust, et des Ins. XIV, 340, 1804. Scoliopelta Williston, Entom. Amer. I, 119, 1885- Sargus, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. Suppl. 566, 1798. Macrosargus Bigot, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. [6] IX, 225, 1879. Microchrysa Loew, Verb. Zool.-Bot. Ver., 1855. Ptecticus Loew, Verb. Zool.-Bot. Ver., 1855. Chrysonotus Loew, Verb. Zool.-Bot. Ver., 1855. Hermbtia Latreille, Hist. Nat. des Crust, etc. XIV, 338, 1804. Odontomvia Meigen, Klassific. etc. I, 128, 1804. Myxosargu.'< Brauer, Denkschr. d. k. k. Akad. d. Wiss. 1882, 21. Stratiomyia Geoffroy, Hist. Nat. Ins. II, 475, 1764. Oxycera Meigen, Illiger's Magazine, II, 265, 1803. Euparyphus Gersta>cker, Linn. Entom. XI, 1857. Clitellaria Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. II, 265, 1803. Nemotelus Geoffroy, Hist. Nat. Ins. II, 542, 1764. PArHY<;ASTER Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. II, 266, 1803. T A N Y S T O M A . Tarsi with three membranous pads at the tip (the empodia devel- oped pulvilliform); body and legs wholly without macrochaetae ; males holoptic, eyes rarely narrowly separated ; two sub-marginal, five posterior cells in the wing,* fifth posterior cell not contiguous * The genns Agnotomyia with four posterior cells, ie the only exception. North American Diptera. 21 at its base with the discal cell ; the marginal vein encompasses the whole wing; some or all the tibiae with spurs. Third joint of the antennae annulate, never with differentiated style or bristle ; tegulae rather large. . Tabanid^: Third joint of antennas simple, with a simple, or thickened styli- form, bristle ; tegulaj rudimentary. LEPTiDiE TABANID^. Species never very small, often among the largest in the order; never thickly pilose ; in life the eyes usually brilliantly colored and marked. Head short, broad, eyes large. Antennae porrect, the third joint composed of from three to eight annuli or segments. Thorax not very convex, scutellum without spines on its border. Abdomen broad, moderately elongate or short, never slender or con- stricted. Legs moderately stout, the front and middle tibiae some- times dilated, the middle tibiae always with spurs. Veins of the wings distinct; first posterior cell (and fourth in exotic species) rarely closed. Early stages passed in the water or earth ; larvaj carnivorous, with a distinct head ; pupae free. The females are blood-sucking, usually found in the neighborhood of pastures, in sunny open parts of woods, during the hot sun-shiny days of summer. The males are much more rarely met with, and will be found usually in sweepings of meadaw lands, on flowers, etc. 1. Hind tibiaj with spurs at their tips, sometimes small. (Pan- goninae.) 2 Hind tibia^ without spurs ; ocelli absent. (Tabaninae.) . 5 2. Third joint of the antenna? composed of eight annuli, the first of which is only a little longer than the following ones. 3 Third joint composed of five or fewer segments, the first of which is much longer than the following ; ocelli present. 4 ■i. Front of female narrow, without denuded callus ; ocelli rarely absent. Pangonia Front of female broad, with a large, broad, denuded callus; ocelli present. ...... Apatolestes 4. Second joint of the antennae about half as long as the first ; wings hyaline or with small spots ; eyes in life with numerous small dote. SiLVios 22 Famii.iks ANn (iEnkisa ok Second joint as long, or but little shorter than the first; wings with a dark picture ; eyes in life with fewer, larger spots. • Chrysops o. Front of the female as broad as long; callus transverse; front tibise a little dilated ; base of third antennal joint not dilated. H;»:matopota Front of female narrow. .......(> H. Front tibiai very much dilated ; third antennal joint not strongly angulated above. ..... ° Lkpidoselaga Front tibiai moderately dilated ; face short. Diachlorus Front tibiae not dilated 7 7. A small ocelligerous tubercle present in the female ; eyes pubes- cent, more distinctly in the male. Thekioplectes Ocelligerous tubercle absent; eyes pubescent. . Atylotus . Ocelligerous tubercle absent ; eyes bare. . Tabanus Tangonia Latrelle, Hist. Nat. des Crust, et des. Ins. Ill, 487, 1802. Apatolestes Williston, Entom. Amer. I, 12, 1885, SiLVius Meigen, System. Beschr! II, 21, 1820. Chrysops Meigen, in lUiger's Magaz. , 1803. H.^matopota Meigen; in Illiger's Magaz. 1808. DiACHLORiis Osten Sacken, Prodr. etc., II, 475, 1876. Therioplectes Zeller, Isis, 1842. Tabanus Linne, Fauna Suecica, 1761. Atylotus Osten Sacken; Prodr. etc. 426, 1876. LEFriD^E. Rather small to rather large species; thinly pilose, with short thorax, elongate abdomen and large wings. Head short, eyes of male contiguous or approximate; ocelli present. Antennae mostly short, never elongate, the third joint with a terminal or dorsal bris- tle, or terminal slender style. Face small, excavated. Proboscis short; palpi slender, porrect, often bushy pilose. Abdomen elon- gate, broadest toward the base, composed of seven segments ; the female ovipositor pointed. Legs slender, the hind pair somewhat elongate ; some or all the tibife spurred. Posterior cells of wings usually all open. Larvae carnivorous, living in earth, decaying wood, dry sand, in moss or in water. The flies are usually found about meadow and North Amkkican Diptkka. 28 low woodlands, on bushes, etc., and prey upon other insects. Some western species of Symphoromyia suck blood, as do the horse- flies. 1. Front tibia' with terminal spurs. ... ... 2 Front tibiie without spurs. .3 2. Front tibia? with two spurs ; five posterior cells in the wing. Triptotricha Front tibia" with one spur; four posterior cells in the wing. Agnotomyia 8. Third joint of antenna? round, oval, or pear-shaped, its bristle distinctly terminal. . 4 Third joint kidney-shaped, the arista more dorsal, . . (i 4. Anal cell open ; hind tibia' with two spurs. Leptis Anal cell closed. o 5. Third joint of antenna? with a slender arcuate bristle ; hind tibia- with one spur. Chrysopila Third joint with a shorter, slender style. Spania, Ptiomna H. Hind tibijE with two spurs ; anal cell closed. Atherix Hind tibiae with one spur ; anal cell open. Symphoromyia Arthropeas Loew, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1850. Arthuoceras Williston, Entom. Amer. II, 107, 1886. Gurrops Burgess, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 1878, 320. Triptothiciia Loew, Centur, X. 15, 1874. Agnc^omyia Williston, Entom. Amer. II, 106, 1886. Chrysopila Macquart, Dipt, du nord de la France, 1827. Leptis Fabricius, Syst. Antl. 69, 1805. Spania Meigen, Syst. Beschr. VI, 335, 1830. Ptiolina Zetterstedt, Dipt. Scand. I, 226, 1843. Atherix Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. II, 271, 1803. Symphoromyia Frauenfeld, Verb. Zool. Bot. GesclLsch. 491, 1867. ASILID./E. Species of moderate to large size ; bristly ; predaceous. Head flattened, the eyes prominent. Front concave between the eyes, the eyes not contiguous in either sex. Ocelli present. Antenna? i)orrecl, with or without a terminal bristle or style ; when with a terminal style, the antennae apparently four or five-jointed. Proboscis pro- 24 Families and Genera of jecting, never elongate, without terminal fleshy labella, adapted for piercing. Abdomen with eight segments, the hypopygium or ovi- duct usually prominent. Legs strong, moderately long; empodia bristly, not pulvilliforni, the pulvilli sometimes rudimentary. Basal cells of the wing long ; five posterior cells, two or three submarginal cells ; anal cell open or closed in the margin. The flies are usually observed in sunny open paths, or upon leaves of underbrush, on the alert for other insects, which they seize upon the wing and pierce with their stout proboscis. 1. Marginal cell of the wing open. (Dasypogonina;.) . 2 Marginal cell closed. 33 2. Front tibiae with a terminal claw-like spur. ... 28 Front tibial without terminal claw-like spur 3 3. Pulvilli rudimentary or wanting 4 Pulvilli normal. 5 4. Face very narrow ; abdomen very long, slender, narrow on prox- imal part ; hind legs elongate, slender. . Leptogaster Face moderately narrow ; abdomen not unusually long, broader at base; hind legs not elongate. . . . Ablautatds 5. Head narrow, about as high as broad; face narrow above, broader and swollen below, in large part covered with hair. Large, elongate species. ........ 6 Head very obviously broader than high. . ... 8 H. Antennae with a terminal style 7 Third joint of antennae very long, without style; fourth posterior cell closed before the border of the wing. Black species with or without red on the abdomen. . . Ospriocekus 7. First posterior cell open, not closed before the border of the wing. Stenopogon First and fourth posterior cells closed before the border of the wing ; third joint of antennie shorter, style longer. Scleropogon 8. Fourth posterior cell closed before the border. ... 9 Fourth posterior cell wide open, rarely nearly closed. 13 9. Antenna} elongate, of five joints (Myelaphus). 14 Antennae not elongate, of three joints, and a terminal style. 10 10. Face bare, except on oral margin ; abdomen elongate, cylindro- idal ; anterior intercalary vein continuous, or nearly so, with North American Diptera. 26 tlie fourth vein, the last section of fourtii vein oblique, sin- uous, closing or much narrowin}>; the broad first posterior cell. Large, or very largo species. Microstylcm Face pilose or hairy, more convex. .... 11 11. Abdomen cylindrical, not narrow at the tip, elongate; near the base of second and third segments with white poUinose emar- ginate cross-bands ; wings dark. Dizonias Abdomen less elongate, with five or six white pollinose cross- bands 12 12. First posterior cell open, scarcely narrowed, face broad. Laphystia First posterior cell mucij narrowed or closed. . . Triclis 18. Antennse elongate, composed of five joints; nearly bare species. 14 Antenna? less elongate or short, of three joints, with or without a short or slender style. .15 14. First and second joints of antennae of nearly equal length, third elongate, fourth short, fifth elongate and densely pubescent ; third and fourth not lobed at tip Ceraturgus First joint about three times as long as the second, third elon- gate, fourth and fifth of nearly equal length , third and fourth at the tip with two lobes or processes, reaching to about the middle of the following joint. . . Myelaphus 15. Style of antenna; short, thick, obtuse, not easily distinguishable from the third joint, or, if so, forming apparent joints ; anten- niB more or less elongate. ...... 16 Terminal style small, more slender than the joint, apparent; antennae shorter 18 16. Nearly bare species ; face flattened, bare except below. Small, or rather small, species, shining or metallic black, with nar- row or cylindrical abdomen and large wings. . 17 Thickly pilose species, the bristles few and hair-like; antennae situated upon a convexitj', thence receding to the facial tuber- cle, which is situated upon the lower part of the face ; abdo- men short; head narrow. ..... Dicolonus 17. All the tibiae and the hind femora with short, strong setae. ECTHODOPA Hind femora without such seta-. .... Dioctria 26 Families and Genkka of 18. Face distinctly convex in profile, swollen or gibbose.* 19 Face flattened or gently convex 20 IQ. Thickly pilose species ; the gibbosity of the face reaches to the base of the antennae ; anal cell usually open * Cyutopogon Thinly pilose, more poUinose species, the convexity of the face on the lower part, anal cell usually closed. . Daulopocon 20. Abdomen elongate; front broad anteriorly, narrow behind. Plesiomma Front not narrowed behind. ...... 21 21. Hind tibiae toward tlietip, and their metatarsi, much thickened. 22 Hind tibia! not, or but slightly, thickened toward the tip ; meta- tarsi not thickened. 23 22. Head much broader than high, transverse, "goggIe"-like ; abdo- men short, wings large Holcocephala Head only moderately broader than high, not at all spectacle- like in appearance Holopogon 23. Abdomen with thick recumbent pile above; thickly pilose spe- cies ; antennas slender. ..... Pycnopogon Abdomen without such pile above. . . . . .24 24. Slender, nearly bare species ; face perpendicular, straight or gen- tly concave, narrowed above, bare, except on oral margin. 25 Face gently rounded, not prominent below, in large part hairy, not or but slightly narrowed above. .... 26 25. Thickly whitish pollinose; abdomen flattened, usually reflected upward, third joint of antennse and style both slender. Stichopogon Less thickly pollinose ; abdomen cylindrical, a little broader at base; third joint of antenna; short, broad, style minute. See Habropogon bilineatus Will. 26 Large, elongate species, style of antennsv short . Callinicd.-> Moderately large, not much elongate 27 27. Abdomen broader at the base, depressed ; thorax much convex above, antennte slender, style long and slender (compare spe- cies of Cyrtopogon). .... Amsopogon * Several species are placed provisionally under Cyrtopogon in which the facinl gibbosity is small, aud the body thinly pilose. They may be dis- tinguished by the abdomen not being broad, and having white pollinose crosS'bands; in some the wings have Small but distinct clouds on the cross- veins. NOKTH AmEKICAN Dll'TERA. 27 Abdoinon sliort, cylindrical. Black, with bright golden opaque pollinose markings on thorax and abdomen. See "Lapar- ns" pictitarsis Bigot. 28. Large species ; face bare with bristles on the oral margin, in profile straight or concave, the oral margin projecting. 29 Smaller species, face convex on lower portion, not projecting. 30 29. Elongate; fourth posterior cell closed, usually a considerable distance before the margin Deromyia Less elongate; fourth cell open or closed in the margin, rarely a little petiolate. Saropogon 30' Head broad and flat, face not gibbose, third joint of antennae slender, elongate 31 Head only moderately broader than high ; face gibbose below ; third joint of antenn;e more or less dilated, style very short ; thorax and legs with numerous bristles ; abdomen broadest at the base, rather slender, subeylindrical Lestomyia 31. Abdomen finely punctulate, of nearly equal width ; hind tibiae at the tip and their tarsi only a little thickened ; wings hyaline. Taracticus Abdomen smooth ; hind tibiae at the tip and their tarsi thick- ened (compare here Nicocles? scitula); antennal style slender, acuminate ; wings variegated 32 32. Abdomen flattened; in the female a little broader beyond the middle ; in the male near the tip, the last two segments of •which conspicuously silvery above. . . . Nicocles Abdomen of nearly equal width throughout, the last segment in the male not silvery, fourth posterior cell narrowed. Blacodes '^i. Antenna3 without a terminal bristle (Lap hririie). . M AntenniB with a terminal bristle (Asilinae). .41 M. The veins at the distal ends of the discal and fourth posterior cells in the same straight line, continuous, or nearly so. 35 The veins, etc., not in the same straight line, the vein closing the fourth posterior cell more or less remote and oblique. 36 35. First joint of antennae elongate, slender; second posterior cell narrowed toward the maftip o/ the wing. . Cerotainia First joint of the anttj(li» much shorter than the third; first posterior cell narrowed phora Abdomen longer than the wings; body thinly pilose. Promachijs 46. Oviduct ( 9 ) laterally compressed 47 Oviduct not laterally compressed, conical 62 * The remainder of this table is a translation from Loew, Diptf. Sud. Afrikas,p. 142. i^oKTH Amkkican 1)ii*ti;i{X. 2V) 47. Face without gibbosity. 48 Face witli gibbosity'; if restricted to the lower part, apd hence not conspiciioiis, face neitlier carinate nor unusually nar- rowcfl. 52 48. Face narrow throughout, not at ail carinate, the mysta.x com- posed of few long hairs ° Stenoprosopis Face of unusual width, obtusely carinate ; niyatax composed of numerous hairs and bristles 49 41). The closed fourth posterior cell much widened at the expense of the discal cell which is narrowed in its middle. ** Synoixus Fourth posterior cell not unusually broader towards. its base. 50 -V). Mystax moderately thick, bristly, not wall-like. ® Dysclytus Mystax fine-haired, long and thick, wall-like. ... 51 •51. Second posterior cell widened near the base in front at the ex- pense of the first posterior cell. ** Lophonotus Second posterior cell not widened in front at the base. ° TRICHOJfOTU.« 52. Dorsum of thorax with bristles reaching to the front part, or at least thickly hairy along the middle. .... 53 ■ Vestiture of the front half of the thorax short. . . 55 5;^. Facial gibbosity slight, reaching nearly to the antennie. "DaSOI'HKYS Facial gibbosity very distinctly prominent, reaching much less high. ....... ... 54 54. Third joint of the antennae slender, linear. ° Pkotophanes Third joint of the usual elongate elliptical shape. ° Dysmachus 55. End lamellis of the oviduct ( 9 ) egg-shaped and wedged in. EOTOI.MUS End lamella; wholly free, nearly style-like. ... 56 5fi. Posterior border of the last ventral segment in the male more or less widened. . Maciiimcs Posterior border not widened ( S )■ • .57 57. Legs prevailing shining yellow. NKOMO(mTHKRii8 Legs prevailing black, or light and opaque colored. 58 58. Abdomen shining black above and below. . Stii.pnooa.ster Abdomen not shining on both sides 59 59. General color yellowish-gray or ash-gray, the legs with reddish yellow stripes or bands ; opaque. •* Epitrii-tus ;^0 Families and Genera of General color more or less black-gray, the le^s j)revailing black, the tibiie often red 60 ^V^. The male genitalia very thickly club-like, or at least the sixth and seventh abdominal segments help form the female ovi- duct. Neoitamus Male genitalia not club-like, the sixth and seventh segments take no part in the formation of the oviduct. 61 HI. Male genitalia, when seen from above, more or less acute on the end ; facial gibbosity rather large. . . Tolmerus. Male genitalia, when seen from above, more or less obtuse ; fa- cial gibbosity very small. . . . . " Cerdistus 62. Abdomen without bristles before the incisures. . . 63 Abdomen with bristles before the incisures. . . .68 68. Facial gibbosity extraordinarily large, the extremely sharp tip of the proboscis bent somewhat upwards. ° Proagonistes Facial gibbosity of usual size, the proboscis wholly straight, and not sharper than usual. ....... 64 64. Mystax bristly as usual. ....... 65 Mystax fine-haired, depressed. . . . ° Antiphrisson 65. Abdomen fine-haired, depressed. ..... 66 Abdomen with rather long, scattered vestiture. ^ Pami'Onercs 66. Bright colored, large species. ...... 67 Small, ash-gray species '^ Rhadiurgds 67. Feet of usual length and structure Asilus Feet unusually elongated oEccoptopits 68. First joint of the four anterior tarsi remarkably short. O ECHTHISTUS First joint, etc., not remarkably shortened. ... 69 69. Oviduct ( 9 ) club-shaped, thickly pilose below. ° Antipalus Oviduct conical, beset with short spines at the end. Philodiciis Leptogasteu Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. 1803. Ceraturgus Wiedemann, Analecta, 12, 1824. DiocTKiA Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. 1803. Ecutiiodopa Loew, Centur. VII, 27, 1866. Plesiomma Mac(}uart, Dipt. Exot. I, 2, 54, 1838. Miorostylum Macquart, Dipt. Exot. I, 2, 26, 1838. OspRioCERUS Loew, Centur. VII, 51, 1866. Abi>autatu8 Loew, Herl. Ent. Z. 1874, 377. North Amkkican Dii'TKRa. 31 Stknoi-ogon Loew, Linn. Kntom. II, 453, 1847. ScLEuopoGON Loew, Centur. VII, 45, 1886. Sphagkms Loew, Centur. VII, 55, 1866. D1COLONU.S Loew, Centur. VII, 56, 1866. Archilestkis Loew, Berl. Ent. Z. 1874,377; Archilestes Schiner, Verb. Z. B. Ges. 1866, 672. DizOMAS Loew, Centur. VII, 53, 1866. Callinicus Loew, Centur. X, 32, 1872. Anisopogon Loew, lierl. Ent. Z. 1874, 377; (Hetero pofjon Loew). Cyrtopogon Loew, Linn. Ent. II, 516, 1847. Pycnopogon Loew, Linn. Ent. II, 526, 1847. Holopogon Loew, Linn, Ent. II, 473, 1847. Daui.opogon Loew, Berl. Ent. Z. 1874, 377; (LsLsiopoifon Loew). PsiLOCuui'S Loew, Berl. Ent. Z. 1874, 373. SxicnopoGON Loew, Linn. Ent. II, 600, 1847. Holcocepiiala Jajnnickc, NeueExot. Dipt. 51, 1867. NicocLEs Jtennicke, Neue Exot. Dipt. 47, 1867. Lestomyia Williston, Trans. Anier. Ent. Soe. XL, 19, 1883; C la- va tor Osten Saeken. Blacodks Loew, Berl. Ent. Z. 1874, 377. Taracticus Loew, Centur. Vol. II, 240, 1872. Deromyia Philippi, Verb. Z. B. Ges. 1865 (Diogr mites Loew). Sarapogon Loew, Linn. Ent. II, 439, 1847. Lastaurijs Loew, Bern, ueber d. Fam. d. Asiliden, 17, 1851. Atomosia Macquart, Dipt. Exot. I, 2, 73, 1838. Cerotainia Scbiner, Verb. Zool. Bot. Ges. 1866, 673. Dasyllis Loew, Beni. ueber die Fain, der Asiliden, 20, 1861. Hyperechia Scbiner, Verb. Zool. Bot. Gesellscb. XVI, 673, 1866. Pogonosoma Rondani, Dipt. It. Prodr. I, 160, 1856. Laphria Meigen, in Illiger's Magaz. II, 1803. Lampria Macquart, Dipt. Exot. I, 2, 60, 1838. Laphystia Loew, Linn, Ent. II, 538, 1847. Andrenosoma Rondani, Dipt. It. Prodr. I, 160, 1866. Mallophora Macquart, Hist. Nat. Dipt, I, 300, 18;i4. Promachiis Loew, Linn. Ent. Ill, 3SX), 1848. EuAX Macquart, Dipt. Exot. I, 2, 107, 1838. Proctacanthus Macquart, Dipt. Exot. I, 2, 120, 1838. , AsiLUS Linne, Fauna Suecica, 1761. 32 Familiks ami Gknera or Philonicus Loew, Linn. Ent. IV, 144, 1849. LoPHONOTUs Macquart, Dipt. Exot. I, 2, 125, 1838. Neomochtherus Osten Sacken, Cat. Dipt, for M o c h t h c r u s Loew, Linn. Ent. IV, 58, 1849. Neoitamus Osten Sacken, Cat. Dipt, for I tannis I>oew, Linn. Ent. IV, 84, 1849. Machimus Loew, Linn. Ent. IV, 1, 1849. Stilpnogaster Loew, Linn. Ent. IV, 94, 1849, ToLMEuus Loew, Linn. Ent. IV, ()4, 1849. Ommatius Wiedemann, Dipt. Exot. I, 213, 1821. APIOCERID^:, Moderate to ratJier large, elongate, bristly, thinly pilose, predac- eous flies. Head sonmewhat flattened, narrower than the thorax : front not excavated between the eyes, the eyes not contiguous in the male. Ocelli present. Antenna; porrect, not short, the third joint with a short terminal style. Face very short. Proboscis por- rect, moderately elongate, with flattened, more or less fleshy labella. Abdomen elongate ; hypopygium disengaged; more or less enlarged ; oviduct with a terminal circlet of spines. Legs bristly ; empodia not pulvilliform. Basal cells of wings elongate ; third longitudinal vein furcate or simple (genus novum, Australia); five posterior cells; the third and fourth longitudinal veins both curve forward to ter- minate before the tip of the wing. .... Apiocera Apiocera Westwood, London and Edinburgh Phil. Magaz. 1836: Pomacera Macquart; Any pen us Philippi. NEMISTRINIDtK. Species of moderate size, thinly or thickly pilose. Neuration complicated; the basal cells elongate. Antennae small, short; third joint simple, with a terminal, slender, jointed style. Ovipositor of the female elongate, often slender. Tibia; without spurs ; empodia developed pulvilliform, but, with the pulvilli, often minute. But four species of this small family are known from the United States, and they will be readily recognized by the accompanying cut of the wing of llhynchocephalus volaticus Will. The habits of the larva- of this family are known in but one species. NoKTii Amickkan Dii'tera. ;>;^ Hi riUDiicura ()1)scuim of Knn)])t', wlu'iv tlu-y iirc ])arasitic it])(>ii beetles. Winjr of R h y nclio ceplia lu6 volaticus Will. — a, second submar- ginal, b, c, d, e, f, first— fltth posterior cells. Proboscis short, protru(liii<>- but little from the oral opening. Eyes bare (often pilose in exotic s])ecies). Two or three subniar- ginal cells Hirmonkira Proboscis long, directed backwards. Antenna- broadly se])arated. Eyes bare. Ovipositor of tiie female composed of two slender iliverging lamella?. Three submarginal cells. RhYXCIKX EPIIALIS HiRMONEURA Meigen, Syst. Beschr. II, 182, 1820. Rhynchockphai.us Fischer, Mem de la Soc. imp. d. natur. de Mos- cou. I, 217, 1806. MIDASID^:. Rather larger to very large, thinl3' clotherobal)ly carnivorous. 1. Terminal segment of the female abdomen witli a circlet of spines. 2 Terminal segment without circlet of spines. . Midas 2. A small cross-vein runs into the hind margid of the wing between the anal cell and the tip; hind tibia^ of female with spurs. Pk:TYPnu8 No such small cross-vein ; hinrl tibia' ( 9 ) without spurs. Lkptomidas 84 Families and (iknera of "Generis Ee typhi i)n)xii)ium, diftert : anteiinis elontratis, seji- inento j)enultiino eyliiidrico, ultiirio. $, (nreitcr diiplo lonfjiore. compresso, basi paruni dilatato, apice fibtnso aeuininate 9' d'lpl" breviore, obtusiore, abdoniiiiis seii^mento ultimo inerini. cyatbiformi, utrinqiie, paruiii dilatato. (Loii":. 20iiiiii. undique niijer, abdornine iiitente, alis violaceo micantibus, extreiiio apice albidis. — P. pli^'I- locerus. Rocky Mts.) Phyllomidas." Midas Fabricius, Eutoni. Syst. IV, 252, 1794. Leptomidas Gersta'cker, Stett. Ent. Z. 1868, 81. ECTYPHUS Gersta^cker, Stett. Ent. Z. 18(58, 92. Phvlf-omidas Bigot, Bullet. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1879, H2. BOMBYLID.E.* Medium to .small-sized flies; often with abundant, long, delicate pile. Antennse usually short, composed of three joints, the third simple, with or without a terminal style. Ocelli present; eyes in the male separated or contiguous. Proboscis usually projecting from the oral cavity and slender; sometimes short, with broad la- bella. Legs modei'ately long, weak, with short bristles or spines : empodia rudimentary; pulvilli sometimes rudimentary. Wings often with dark markings; two or more submarginal, three or four jioster- ior, cells ])resent; anal cell closed in or near the border, or narrowly open. Flower flies, found in the bright sunshine hovering over blossoms, or resting on sunny paths, sticks or stones, rarely on leaves. Lar- va?, so far as known, parasitic upon bynienoptera and orthoptera : pupae free. 1. 'i'he bifurcation of the second and third veins takes place oppo- site, or nearly- opposite, the small cross- vein ; the second vein forms a knee at its origin from the y)ra^furca : the third vein in a straight line with the prasfurca. . . . . '^, The bifurcation of the second and third veins takes j)lace some distance before the snuill cross- vein, at an acute angle; the second vein does not form a knee at its origin from the prw- furca. 10 2. Three or more submarginal t;ells •> Two submarginal cells. ....... 7 * Table reproduced from Osten Sacken, Biologia Central!- Americana, Diptera, p. 75, 1886. NOKTH AmERUAX Dll'TKRA So :^>. Four, soinotinies live, subinar^inal cells. Hypkrai.onia Three submarginal cells 4 4. Third joint of the anteiiiiiv elonfjate-coiiieal T) Third joint of the antennie slyprt, onion-shaped, with a very \nng style, not bisected l)_v a sutVre. fi •j The conical third joint bears a more or less lonf- style, separated by a distinct suture Exoprosopa The conical third joint does not Iwr an elongate style at the end; second vein strongly contortefK in the shape of a recuni- bents. 'DiPALTA^^ ^--A>»v a. Proboscis long, projecting far beyond the oral margin. (^ Stonyx / - ■• - '^ '^*^ Proboscis withdrawn within the oral cavity ; rudimentary pul- villi ^SOPENT^ES 7. The Style of the third antennal joint distinctly bisected by a suture, and bearing a pencil of hairs at tin- tip. Ai!i;yi!amu;ba The antennal style not bisected, and with a microscopic bristle, but no pencil of hairs, at the tip 8 8. Eyes of the male contiguous on the vertex; anal cell closed. O ASTROPHANES Eyes of the male not contiguous on vertex ; anal cell open. 9 9. The contact of the discal cell with the third posterior not much longer than its contact with the fourth posterior cell ; probos- cis long, projecting far beyond the oral margin; sides of the abdomen with a fringe of scales, and not of hairs only. Lepidantiikax The contact of the discal cell with the third posterior at least twice as long as its contact with the fourth posterior cell, the latter contact often merely punctiform. Anthrax 10. Body Anthrax-like; frontal triangle in the male large; frontal space in the female of a corre8i)onding size. . 11 Body not A n t h r a x-like ; frontal triangle in the male small. IH 11. Antennae apjjroximate at the base; tliird antennal joint gradu- ally attenuate OrODOCERA Anteniiie remote at hasc. . 12 12. I'ld villi distinct Aimkkbantcs I'ulvilli none Kpacmus ;^6 Familiks ani> (;e\eka ok lo. liody (iintLiina', tliorax, abdoniuii) clotlied with more scales than hairs, gibbose, the abdomen hanging down ; antennse long, first joint unusually long. 14 JJody clothed with hairs, or else nearly glabrous. . 15 14. Four posterior cells. ..... Lepidophoea I'hree posterior colls Toxoj'Hora 1-5. Four posterior cells. . . . . ' . . . . IH Three posterior cells; anal cell closed. . . . . 2(j 1(1 First i)ostei'ior cell closed. ....... 17 First posterior cell oi)cn. ....... 21 17. Two submarginal cells 18 Three submarginal cells. ..... Pantarbes 18. First basal cell longer than the second. . . . .19 Both basal cells of equal length. ... 20 19. Head comparatively small ; the eiiiargination of the occipital orbit almost ini]>erceptible ; contact between the second sub- marginal cell and the first posterior more than punctiform. BOMBYLIL'S Head comparatively' large; the emargination of the occipital orbit distinct ; contact between the second submarginal cell and the first posterior cell often only punctiform. Co.mastes 20. Underside of the head moderately pilose, and hence its different parts (including the base of the antenna', the oral edge, etc.) easily perceptible Sy.stcechi'S Underside of the head densely j)ilose, the root of the antenniv, epistoma, mouth, etc., being completely hidden. AN.\.sTtEOHUS 21. Two submarginal cells. ........ 22 Three submarginal cells 25 22. Both basal cells of equal length. . . Si'arnopolius First basal cell longer than the second. . . . . 2o 2^1 Third antennal joint not truncate at the tij). F( i.i.mus, Ei-ibates Third antennal joint flattened, truncate at the tij). . 24 24. Proboscis short. I'aijaco.smus Proboscis very long Piithiuia 25. The rather narrow marginal cell very much i-xpanded at the end. Jairdotls The marginal cell only moderately expanded. Ploas North American Diptera. 37 2(i. I'robosc'iti inufli loiifjiT than tlu' anti-miip ; small, Boinbylius- likc. pubosci'iit insects. Gerox Proboscis shorter than the antenna*; long A nmi oph i la-like, almost fjlabrous insects; four basal segments of the abdomen very narrow Ststropus "9 ficii- Geronis (auctor.) vel Dasypalpi (Macq. Dipt. Exot.) satis vicinum, pra?cipue differt antennarum palporumque confor- matione. "Corpore angustato, dorso thoracis gibboso, breviter et parce vil- losulo ; capite fere sphivrico, thorace angustiore ; antennis basi anguste approximatis, fronte lata, parum prominiila, genis, suborbi- tis, angnstissimis ; proboscide rigido, i)orrccto, labris invisis anten- nas longitudine superante; palpis hanstello subajque longis, gracili- bus, porrectis, rigidis, fere cylindricis, segmento ultimo, villosiilo; antennarum, capite longiorum, segmentis duo basalibus abbreviatis, gracilibus, a-quilongis, 8°, prsecedentibus, simul suniptis, duplo longiore, oblongo, basi leniter dilatato, compresso, apice obtuso, superne villosiilo, ad apicem leniter sulciolato, chicto inviso ; alls, abdoniine iiiiilto longioribus, cellulis posticis tribus, tribusque sub- marginalibiis munitis, cunctis late apertis, anali ante niarginem clausa, l)asali externa interna parum longiore, vena quarta longitu- dinali (Konilani) bifurcata, vena transversali exteriui, ante medi- um cellela' discoidalis satis elongata, locata." Hiiadopselaphus "Same as Anthrax except that the axillary cell is not longer than twice the distance between the tips of the last two veins, and the third basal cell is wider at its apex than at any other part. Wings tai)ering considerably toward the bases, axillary cell very narrow." Mancia "Antenna? porrect, third joint when viewed from the side scarcely longel- than wide, somewhat oval in outline, but tapering to the tip, which is ])lunt and bears a very short style, tipi)ed with a short bris- tle; first joint longer than the second, but not one half so long as the third ; first two joints of nearly an equal width, not more than one half as wide as the third at its base. Face retreating below, bare except on oral margin. Head a little thicker than long, wider than the thorax, and fully three-fourths as large. Thorax with bris- tles in front of wings and on hind angles. Scutellum rounded be- hind. Wings with two submarginal and four posterior cells, all of the latter open, as is also the third basal; small cross-vein near middle of discal cell ; furcation of second and third veins occurs before jiroximal end of discal cell. All of the tibiae provided with bristles; pulvilli pad-like." ...... Ei'cessia ExoPROSOi'A Macquart, Dipt. Exot. 11, 1, 35, 1840; Trinaria Mulsant. Hykeralonia Rondani, Archivio per la Zool. Ill, 1864. Stonyx Osten Sacken, Biologia Central! Americana, Diptera, 04, 1886. 38 Families and Genera of IsoPENTHES Osten Sacken, Biologia Centrali-Anu'ricaiKi. I)i))UTH, 96, 1886. DiPALTA Osten Sacken, Western Dipt. 236, 1877. Argykam(eba Schiner, Weiner Ent. Monatschr. IV, 51, 1860. AsTROPHANES Osten Sacken, Biologia Centrali- Americana, l)ii)ti'ra, 106, 1886. Lepidanthrax Osten Sacken, Biologia Centrali- Anieiicana, Diptera, 107, 1886. Anthrax Scopoli, Ent. Carn. 1763. Oncodocera Macquart, Dipt. Exot. II, 83, 1840. Epacmus Osten Sacken, Biologia Centrali- Americana. l)i])tera, 142. 1886; Leptochilus Loew, preoccupied. ApHfEBANTus Loew, Ccntur. X, 39, 1872. BoMBYLius Linne, Fauna Suecica, 1758. CoMASTES Osten Sacken, Western Dipt. 256, 1877. Ststcechiis Loew, Neue Beitr. Ill, 34, 1855. Anast(eciius Osten Sacken, Western Dipt. 251, 1877. Pantarbes Osten Sacken, Western Dipt. 254, 1877. Sparnopoliu.s Loew, Neue Beitr. Ill, 43, 1855. LoRDOTis Loew, Centur. V, 53, 1863. Paracosmiis Osten Sacken, Western Dipt. 262, 1877. Phthiria Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. 1803. Geron Meigen, Syst. Beschr. II, 223, 1820. Ststropcs Wiedemann, Nov. Dipt. 1820. Lepidophora Westwood, Lond. and Edinb. Phil. Magaz. 1835. ToPHORA Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. II, 270, 1803. EcLiMU-s Loew, Stett. Ent. Zeit, 1844, 154. Rhabdoselaphus Bigot, Bullet. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1886, p. Clll. Mancia Coquillett, Can. Entom. 1886, 159. EccESSiA Coquillett, Can. Entom. May, 1886. THEREVID^E. Rather small, elongate, bristly, predaceous flies. Eyes of tiie male contiguous ; front in the female not excavated. Antenna^ composed of three joints, the third simple, with a terminal style, sometimes wanting. Proboscis moderately projecting, the labella broad. Ocelli present. Abdomen elongate; genitalia ( J , ^ ) "i'"'- crately or but little prominent. Legs slender, bristly ; emjiodia wanting. Third longitudinal vein of the wings furcate, the ])()steri<)r NOKTII AmKKK AN Dll'TKKA. 39 hraiuli tcriniiiatinjj; beyond the tip ; five posterior cells ; basal cells long, the third (anal) closed in the border. Predaceous flies, concealing themselves among the leaves of low bushes whei'e they lie in wait for other insects. Larvae long, snake- like, apparentlj- composed of nineteen segments; those of the known species found in fungi or decaying wood ; pupaj free. 1. Antennae situated upon a frontal projection, the first joint elon- gate and more or less thickeneil, longer than the head. Xkstomyza Kront not projecting; first joint of the anteiniie usually slender, when thickened, never longer than the head. . 2 2. Face thickly pilose. ....... Thekeva Face bare Psilocephala Xestomyza Wiedemann, Nova Dipt. Gener 1820. Thekeva Latreille, Precis, etc. 1796. PsiLOCEPUALA Zetterstedt, Ins. Lapp. 525, 1840. SCKNOPINID^E. Small, slender, bare Hies. Males usually holoptic ; the front in neither sex excavated. Ocelli present. Antenna? composed of three simple joints, without style or bristle, the third joint elongate. Pro- boscis short, concealed. Legs rather short ; empodia wanting. Third longitudinal vein furcate ; three posterior cells, the first nar- rowed or closed in the margin ; basal cells elongate, the first much longer than the second, anal cell closed before the margin. Flies not rare in dwellings on windows. Larvae similar to those of the There vidae; carnivorous, living in decaying wood, under car- pets, etc SCENOPINUS SiENOPiNis Latreille, Hist. Nat. d. Ins. et Crust. XIV, 392, 1803. ACROCERIDvE. Small to large, never elongate, pilose or bare species. Head small, or very small ; thorax large, spherical ; scutellum large ; abdomen closely united to thorax, large and infiated. Antenna; two or three jointed, with or without a terminal bristle or style, inserted high up or low down. Eyes very large, contiguous in both sexes. Two, three, or no ocelli i)re8ent. Proboscis rudimentary or very long. Legs rather stout ; emj)odia developed pulvilliforni. Tegulae very 40 Fa.mii.iks axi> Gkxkha ok large, inHatod. Neiiration variable, the veins sometiiues indititiiRt. Tlie flies belonj?ing here will be readily recognized by- the hiuuli- back-like shape, very small head and large tegulse. They are not very common, found in sweepings, etc. Larvje, so far as known, parasitic upon spiders or their cocoons. 1. Antenna' with a terminal bristle. ...... 1 Antennae without terminal style or bristle •"> 2. Antenna* inserted near the vertex. . . . V >| Antennie inserted near the mouth. . . . .3 4. 8. Wings with a stout costal spur near the tip of auxiliary vein. Ptekodontia Wings without such spur; anal cell absent. ^c<«*<^ Aonoc mtA 4. Venation complete; eyes pilose. .... Op.sebus Veins more or less obsolete ; eyes bare. <^cO'Ct^.<». Ck'W.VM •5. Proboscis rudimentary C*C4^ac4X. ( »>noni.-: Proboscis elongate .....<; 6. Ocelli wanting ; large flies. Lasia Ocelli present ; smaller flies. ..... Ei^lonchus AcRocEiJA Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. 1803. OpsEiuDS Costa, Rend, di Soc. \l. Borbon. Acad. d. Sc. V, 185(i. PiALOiDEA Westwood, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1876, 514. OcN.EA Erichson, Entomogr. 1846. Pterodontia Gray, Griffith's Anini. Kingd. 1882. EuLONCHUS Gerstfficker, Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1856. Lasia Wiedemann, Analecta, 1824. Oncodes Latreille, Precis, eti'. 154, 1796. LONCHOPTERID^. Small (2-4 mm.) slender, brownish or yellowish flies. Antenna* short, porrect, third joint simple, circular, with a terminal bristle. Ocelli present. Scutellum with two bristles. Legs long, short bristly; pulvilli very small ; empodia wanting. Wings lancet-like, pointed ; three basal cells of moderate size, of nearly equal length ; fourth longitudinal vein furcate, and united with the fifth near the base Lonchoi'teka The flies are met, often in abundance, in the grass or on the stones near the margins of shady brooks. The larvae are but little known. LoNCMoi'TBRA Meigcu, Illiger's Magaz. 11. 272, 1808. 1. Antenna; with a terminal liristlc 3 Antenna without terminal style or bristle 2 2. Antennje short, third joint rounded, with terminal bristly hairs. 3 Antenntc elongate 3. Antenna; inserted near the vertex. ^ Antennre inserted near the mouth ^ 4. Wings with a stout eostal siuir near the tip of auxiliary vein. 1'ti;i!OD(inti.\. Wings without such spur; anal cell absent. 0. Venation complete ; eyes pilose A'eins more or less obsolete : eyes bare. . (J. I'rolioscis rudimentary Proboscis elongate 7. Ocelli wanting; lai-ge flies Ocelli present ; smaller tlies Oncodes . Ol'SEHU'S ACKOCEKA ( )cN a;a . 7 L.\S1A . Kri.oNCius XoKTlI A^IKUK AN Dll'IKUA. 41 KMriD.lv Katlier small to vt'i-y small, elongate, iisiially nearly bare, preda- eeous flies. Heatl small, usually round, attached by a free neck. Antennie porrect ; first two joints often very small ; tliird joint variable in slia])e, simple, not annulate, with or without a terminal arista or style, or dorsal arista. Front n '4. Posterior basal transverse vein parallel with the hind border of the wing (Em pi na») 9 Posterior l)asal transverse vein not parallel with the hind border of the wing (lly botinajj. . 4^ 4. Third longitudinal vein furcate-; first subniargnial cell closetl. BLKPHAISOriiOCTUS Third vein simple, not furcate. ...... 5 0. Anal cell shorter than the second basal cell 8 Anal cell as long or longer than the second basal. (> (i. Origin of the seconil longitudinal vein nearer the humeral than to the anterior cross-vein ; wings usualh' spotted. Synecues Origin not nearer tlie humeral cross-vein; wings not spotted. 7 7. Vein lietween the first and second basal cells indistinct. Syndyas Vein l)itween first and second basal cells distinct. HvBOS ^ 42 Families and Gknera of 8. Third antennal joint conical ; bristle terminal. Lei'topeza Third antennal joint ovate; bristle sub-dorsal. Ocyduomia /rtv\% 0. Third lonsjitudinal vein f urcate.— ~_^ . ___►—- JRhamphomyia 1 „ . , „ ~^r~^i — -" — '•Mdytth.ir.i Third vein simple, not furcate, "t T^ . ^ — - r- 10 10. No discal cell Cyrtoma A discal cell present 11 11. Proboscis distinctly longer than the head. ... 12 Proboscis not longer than the head. ..... 14 12. All the legs of nearly equal length; hind femora niucli thick- ened. ........ Paihymeiua Hind legs longer than the others; hind femora but little or not at all thickened. 13 13. Proboscis slender, directed backward or downward. ' Emi'is Proboscis moderately thickened, directed forward. Iteaphila 14. Antenna? very short, apparently two-jointed, tliird joint com- pressed, with a short, thick, unjointed style. IIormopeza Antennaj not very short, distinctly three-jointed ; third joint awl or pear-shaped or spherical, with a two-jointed terminal style or bristle. lo 15. Proboscis as long as the head, conical, vertical ; anterior meta- tarsi usually thickened in the male. . Hilara Proboscis shorter than the head, horizontal ; anterior metatarsi of the male not thickened. ..... (iLo.ma 1(3. Thirct longitudinal vein furcate; discal cell present; anterior coxaj usually elongate. 17 Third longitudinal vein simple, discal cell wanting. 19 17. Front femora much thickened; two posterior veins arise from the discal cell Hemerodromia Front femora not much thickened ; three posterior veins arise froyi the discal cell. ....... 18 18. Antenntv with a long terminal bristle. . . . Akdopteua Antenna; with a short terminal bristle; sixth vein obsolete be- fore reaching the margin. .... Clinocera Antennse with an extremely short terminal style ; sixth longitu- dinal vein not evanescent before reaching the margin. Syna.mphotera 19. Anal cell, or at least the posterior basal cross-vein, present j antenn* with a long terminal bristle. TA('^v^HK»SirA Anal cell wholly wanting. ....... 20 N«»i{Tn Amekican Dii'tera. 43 20. Front tVinora tliickciu'il. 21 Frftnt ft'inora not tliickcned 22 21. Arista terminal. Tachypbb* Arista subdorsal. Phoneutisca 22. Arista terminal Drapetis Arista dorsal 2^ 3 2H. Proboscis short, vertical ; palpi broad Stilpon Proboscis slender ; palpi narrow, slender. . Phoneitisca Hyuos Meifjen, Illijier's Magaz. II, 1803. Syneciies Walker, Dipt. Saund. 105, 18->]. Syndyas Locw, Dipternf. Sudafrikas, 500, 1800. Blepharoi'hocti s Loew, Centur. 11,17, 1802 (H racliy s to ma). OcYDROMiA Meigen, Syst. Beschr. II, 311, 1820. Empis Linne, Fauna Suecica, 1703. Pachymeria Stephen, Syst. Cat. 1829. Iteapiiila Zetterstedt, Ins. Lapp. 541, 1840. Khamphomyia Meigen, Syst. Beschr. Ill, 1822. Hilaka Meigen, Syst. Beschr. HI, 1822. IIcjRMoPEZA Zetterstedt, Ins. Lapp. 1840. Gloma Meigen, Syst. Beschr. Ill, 1822. Cyrtoma Meigen, Syst. Beschr. IV, 1824. Leptoi'eza IVtticquart, Dipt, du Nord. 1827. Stilpox Loew, Neue Beitr. VI, M, 1859. Drapetis Meigen, Syst. Beschr: III, 1822. Tachydromia Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. II, 1803. Phoneutisca Loew, Centur. Ill, 35, 18(53. TAcin pe/.a Meigen, Syst. Beschr. VI, 341, 1830. Ardopteka Macqnart, Dipt, du Nord. 1827. Synamphotkha Loew, Zeit.schr. f. Ges. Naturw. VI, 45;^, 1858. Hemkhodromia Meigen, Syst. Beschr. Ill, 1822. ("i.iNocKKA Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. II, 271, 1803. DOLICHOPODID^.* Usually metallic green or blue flies of small size; active, predac- eous, found on vegetation or in damp situations. Head hemispheri- cal, eyes large, rarely contiguous in the male. Front with bristles on tlie vorte.v only ; ocelli present. Antenna; porrect ; third joint • The family characters and table are reproduced from Loew's Mono- graph of the family (Smithsonian Institution, 1868), to which the reader ie referred for further information. it-. 44 Families and (iIenera of ^iilnplc witli a terminal or dorsal arista. Proboscis short and stout. Ilypopygiuin of male usually infloctod under the abdomen, and com- posed of two consecutive parts, bearinjj at the end eight paired and two single appendages. The auxiliary vein terminates in the first longitudinal vein ; third longitudinal vein not furcate ; second basal cell imited with the discal cell ; anal cell small ; three posterior cells. Legs more or less bristly, in the male usually with struc- tural differences; empodia not develo])ed pulvilliform. Larvse found in tlie ground, or in decaying vegetable matter. Pupaj free. I. First antennal joint hairy above.^ 2 ^r. First antennal ioint glabrous al)ove. 1(5 f^j, '^- Hypopygium disengaged 3 Hypopygium more or less imbedded 14 Hr— First joint of the hind tarsi bristly 4 First joint of tlie liind tarsi not bristly 5 4. P'ace descending as far as the inferior angle of the eye. IIygrocki.euthus Face not descending as far as the inferior angle of the eye. ^ HOLII IIOl'US •"). ]-'alpi of the male unusually large Diostracis Palpi of the male small. () (). The last portion of the fourtli longitudinal vein is parallel, or al- most so, to the third longitudinal vein. . (lYM.xoi'TicRxrs The last portion of the fourth longitudinal vein is distinctly con- vergent towards the third longitudinal vein. ... 7 7. The end of the foui'th longitudinal vein is abrui)tly, or at least steeply deflected anteriorly 8 The end of the fourth longitudinal vein is only gradually deflect- ed anteriorly ' 9 H. Arista with the usual ])ubescence; the end of the fourth longitu- dinal vein, beyond the angular He.xure, runs in curve. Paraci.ius Arista short-plumose; tlie end of the fourth longitudinal vein, beyon XoHTll A.MKKICAX Dll'TKHA. 45 10. Proboscis and palpi voiy imioli ])n)loiifio(1. . °Oi{TirocniLK Proboscis and palpi not prolonged 11 11 Scutelluni hairy oStbistroma Scutellum not liairj' 12 12. Ilypop.Vfiiuni sessile Hercostomus lIyi)oi)yjj:ium peiluiiculated 13 13. Second antennal joint of usual shape. . ° II vpopiivm.us Second antennal joint rudimentary. . ° IIaltkiuckhus 14. Abdomen of male laterally compressed. . . o Akkpsius Abdomen of the male not compressed 15 15. Second antennal joint of the usual transverse shape. Argyra Second antennal joint with a thuml)-like projection over the in- side of the third ° Syxtormon 1(5. 'I'hird antennal joint in both sexes, or at least in the male, pro- lonfi'ed, pointed, and with an apical arista. ... 17 Tliird antennal joint short even in the male, and if it should be somewhat prolon<;ed, then neither pointed nor with an apical, but at the utmost with a subajiical arista. ... 23 17. Second antennal joint wltii a thundi-like projection over the inner side of the third Synautiikus Seconli a ). 1. Antenna' with a terminal style. ..... 2 Antennie with a dorsal bristle. . . . . . . '•> 2. Antenna* cylindrical, first two joints elongate. . Ceki.a^ First two joints short, third compressed. . . Pei.ecocera ;]. Marginal cell of the wing closed and petiolate. . . 08 Marginal cell open. ........ 4 4. Anterior cross-vein of the wing distinctly before the middle of the discal cell, usually rectangular. . . . . . •'> Anterior cross-vein ending near or beyond the miildle of the dis- cal cell, usually oblique. ....... 4M 5. Antennae elongate. ........ (i Antennae short 11 6. Dorsum of thorax without yellow lateral stripes. . . 7 Dorsum of thorax with yellow lateral stripes ; large species. ' ClIKYSOTOXU.M 7. Face rounded, pilose, not tuberculate, oral margin not project- ing. ........... 8 Face not evenly arched; tuberculate, or the oral margin pro- jecting. .......... !' 8. Large species; scutellum flattened, usually with spines or tuber- cles; a stump of vein in the first posterior cell from the third longitudinal vein. Mkrodon Small species ; scutellum without i)oints ; no such projecting stump I'iPizA 9. Body clothed with sparse tomentum ; all the femora thickened and with a row of short spines below (see, also, Myiolepta strigilata) o LEriDOSxoi.A Body not tomentose; all the femora not thickened and with spines below. ......... 10 10. Face tuberculate below, partly or wholly yellow ; epistoma re- ceding ; face and front not wrinkled. . . 1'ahagus Epistoma projecting; front and face black. ... 10 NoKTii Amekican Dh'tkra. 49 11. Face black in ground color. ....... 12 Face more or less j'ellow in ground color. ... 20 12. Abdomen with only four visible segments ; first two joints of the antenna; very short, third large, subquadrate, with asiiort, subterminal arista Nadskjastkr Abdomen with more than four visible segments. . . 18 13. Hind femora distinctly thickened 14 Hind femora but little or not at all thickened. . . .15 14. Scutellum unusually large, nearly square ; males dichoptic. Chalco.aiyia Scutellum not unusually large, considerably broader at the base; males holoptic and with a facial tubercle. . Myiolepta 15. Epistoma projecting ; small black species. ... 16 Face tuberculate, the oral margin not projecting. . . 17 Face rounded, pilose, not tuberculate, the oral margin not pro- jecting PiPlZA 10. Front in female, and the face in both sexes usually, with trans- verse wrinkles Chrysogaster Face and front not wrinkled ; face pilose, without tubercle. Psilota 17. Metallic green, metallic green and black, or black species; ab- domen oval, never with entire shining cross-bands. Ciiilosia Black with more or less metallic green or blue, with yellow or yellowish abdominal markings, or if not, at least with entire , shining cross-bands ; abdomen usually elongate. . . 18 18. Wings not longer than the abdomen ; ocellar tubercle large ; abdomen depressed, long elliptical, somewhat narrowed to- ward the base, the lighter markings ferruginous or orange- yellow Pyhoph.ena Wings longer thaji the abdomen, usually more slender species, abdominal cross-bands yellow or greenish yellow, or some- times shining metallic 19 19. Front tibiae, distally, and tarsi of the male dilated, those of the female a little widened Platychirds Front tibisB and tarsi slender in both sexes. Melanostoma 20. Dorsum of thorax with yellow lateral stripes. ... 29 Dorsum of thorax not with yellow lateral stripes. . . 21 21. Abdomen narrowed toward the base, in outline club-shaped or spatulate. 22 Abdomen oval or slender, not spatulate or club-shaped. 24 50 Families and Genera of 22. Hind femora slender; abdomen elonjjate, usually slender toward the base ; front of female long, narrowed above. Baccha Hind femora thickened 23 23. Epistoma produced anteriorly, in profile deeply concave from antennas to oral margin ; third joint of antennte rounded. Sl'HEGINA Epistoma produced more downward, in profile gently concave ; third joint of antennaj not rounded. . . . Neoascia 24. Abdomen witli definite yellow cross-bands, interrupted or en- tire. 25 Abdomen not with definite yellow cross-bands. . . .32 25. Hind femora extraordinarily thickened. . . . Stritta Hind femora slender ■ . . 2(i 26. Sixth abdominal segment in the male as long as the two prece- ding together, cylindrical; fifth segment in the female one- half as long as the preceding Eupeodes Sixth segment not peculiar ; the fifth segment in the female one- third or one-fourth as long as the preceding. . . 27 27. Front very convex ; eyes of male with an area of enlarged facets above Catabomba Front not remarkablj- convex. 28 28. Thinl longitudinal vein with a distinct curvature into the first jjosterior cell ; third joint of antennee elongate oval. IDidea Third longitudinal vein straight or gently curved ; epistoma not produced (if produced in a long porrected snout, Rhingia. ) Sykphis 29. Dorsum of thorax with a median cinereous line. Mesograpta Dorsum without such line. ...... 30 30. Eyes of male with an area of enlarged facets above ; fourth seg- ment of abdomen with two median yellow- stripes and an ob- lique side spot Allograpta Eyes of male not with an area of enlarged facets above ; fourth abdominal segment not so marked. . ... 31 31. Face projecting below ; slender species. . Sph.kropiioria Face receding; abdomen oval, at least not slender. Xanthogramma 32. Abdomen oval, black, basal portion light-colored ; thickly pilose species. Leucozona Thinly pilose species, not so marked. .... 33 North Amkrican Diptera. 51 33. Hind femora thirkoned. ....... 34 Hind femora slender. 37 34. Species wholly or cliiefly reddish or lutescent. . . . 30 Black species, sometimes with luteous spots on face, humeri, basal angles of abdomen, etc 35 35. Scutellum unusually large, nearly square in outline; males dichoptic Chalcomyia Scutellum not unusually large, considerably broader at the base; males holoptic Myioleita 36. Face carinate ; abdomen oval Brachyopa Face produced, obtusely tuberculate. Hammersciimidtia 37. Epistonia produced into a long porrected snout. . Riiingia Epistoma not at all produced Chilosia 38. Third longitudinal vein bent deeply into the first posterior cell 40 Third vein not deeply bent into the first posterior cell ; antennifi elongate 39 39. Arista feathery plumose Volucella Arista very densely plumose, appearing like a solid mass. Cope STY LDM 40. Hind femora with sharp tooth-like projection below near the outer end ; large species Milesia Hind femora without tooth-like projection below. . . 41 41. Frontal triangle of male strongly protuberant. Doliosyrphus Frontal triangle not protuberant. ..... 42 42. Thorax with distinct yellow markings; femora thickened ; hy- popygium large Pteroptila Thorax without distinct yellow markings; hind femora occa- sionally thickened ; hypopygium not prominent Ekistalis 43. Arista plumose. 44 Arista bare or pubescent 45 44. Thinly pilose, abdomen with yellow bands. . Sbricomyia Thickly pilose, abdomen without yellow. . . Arctophila 45. Third longitudinal vein bent deeply into the first posterior cell • hind femora thickened 4(5 Third vein only gently curved 51 46. Face with a sharp longitudinal ridge in the middle ; hind fem- ora with an angular protuberance below near outer end. Tropidia 52 Families and Genera of Face tuberculate or arched, not carinate 47 47. Thorax and scutellum very densely poUinose abovf. Ptekallastes Scutellum not densely pollinose above 48 48. Third joint of antennaj broad, thorax not vittate. . . 4!» Third joint oval; thorax usually vittate above. Helopiiilus 49. Thickly pilose. Mallota Thinly pilose 50 50. Hind tibia; of male with an internal median spur. Teichocnemis Hind tibiffi of male not with an internal median spur. Polvdonta 51. Hind femora thickened, with a bifid spur below on outer end. Stenog.\stek Hind femora not with a bifid spur below 52 52. Slender species, abdomen narrowed on basal portion. Baccha Abdomen in no wise club-shaped or narrowed basally. . 53 53. Thorax with distinct yellow markings other than on the hu- meri. 02 Thorax not with distinct yellow markings other than rarely on the humeri 54 54. Face transversely arched or carinate, not produced, not tuber- culate ; abdomen more or less elongate and nearly bare. 55 More or less thickly pilose species, often large. . . 57 55. Hind femora extraordinarily thickened; anterior cross- vein rec- tangular Syritta Hind femora more or less tliickened ; cross-vein oblique. 56 56. Face sharply carinate Tkopidia Face transversely arched Xvlota 57. Scutellum, margin of the thorax, and the pleune with bristly hairs Chrysochlamys Thorax wholly without bristles. ...... 58 58. Face short, not produced, concave from antenna^ to tip, not tu- berculate ; hind femora thickened. .... 59 Face produced, long 60 50. Abdomen elongate Brachvi'alits Abdomen very broad, thorax densely pilose, very large species. POCOTA NoKTii Ameiucan Du'tkua. 53 00. Face produced forward, pointed, concave from antenna^ to tip, not tuberculate, sub-carinate ; hind femora tliickened. Ckioi'uora Face not evenly concave, tuberculate or convex. . . 61 61. Third joint of antenna; produced above into a conical process, terminating in the thickened arista. . . Mkhapioides Third joint of antenna; obliquely oval ; hind femora rarely thickened.* Ckioiuuiina 62. Hind femora with a conical, tooth-like protuberance below, near the distal end Spilomyia Hind femora without such protuberance. ... 63 63. Antennie inserted low down, near the middle of the head in pro- file ; face not longer than the front. . . Temnostoma Antennte situated high up, on a conical jirocess, front short, face much produced downward; antennae long or short. Sphecomvia Lepidostola Mik, Wien. Ent. Zeit. V. 278, 1880. (Lepidomyia Loew, Lepromyia Will.) Hammekschjudtia Sclmmmel, Okcn's Isis, 1834, p. 740. (Exochila Kond., Eugeniamyia Will.) (For descriptions of genera and species, see Willistou, Synopsis, etc. Bull. U. S. National Museum No. 31, 188G[7].) CONOPID^. Thinly pilose or nearly bare, more or less elongated species. Head broad ; front broad in both sexes ; ocelli present or absent. Antenna; porrect, composed of three simple joints, the third with a dorsal arista or terminal style Oral opening large ; proboscis slen- der. Abdomen more or less elongated, often constricted toward the base. Basal cells of wing usually large, the third (anal) closed; three posterior cells, the first closed or much narrowed ; no spurious vein. Flower flies. Larva; parasitic upon h^menoptcra and orthoptera. Pupse enclosed in larval skin (cyclorrhapha). 1. Antenna; with a terminal style ; proboscis directed forward, with- out medium hinge ; abdomen constricted toward the base. 2 * If thinly pilose, with the abdomen nearly bare, and the hind femora thickened, see Xylota tuberans. 54 Families and Genera of Antennae with a dorsal or subdorsal arista. .... 4 2. Face with a median ridge, without ^-shaped grooves. ^'Tropidoma'ia Will. Face with a well-marked _;^-shaped groove 3 8. Femora and tibite not thickened or dilated, or, if so, the thicken- ing regular; small cross-vein of the wings nearly opposite the tip of the auxiliary vein, and near the middle of the discal cell. CoNops Femora irregularly thickened toward the base, the tibiae with irregular outlines ; small cross- vein of wings near the outer third of discal cell Physocephala 4. Proboscis directed forward, not bent near the middle. Zodion Proboscis bent near the middle, the distal part folding back. 5 5. Vertex with bristles ; tibia? spurred ; face carinate, not grooved ; ovipositor of female very long. . . . Stylogaster Vertex and tibiae without bristles ; face with ^-shaped groove. 6 (3. Anal cell short ; ovipositor elongate and folded beneath the ab- domen Dalmannia Anal cell elongate, acute. 7 7 Cheeks not as broad as the vertical diameter of the eye. Oncomyia Cheeks as broad or broader than the vertical diameter of the eye . Myopa CoNOPS Linne, Fauna Suecica, p. 1797, 1761. Physocephala Schiner, Wien. Ent. Monatschr. V, 18(51. Zodion Latreille, Precis etc. 179(3. Oncomyia Robineau Desvoidy, Dipt, des Env. de Paris, Myopaires, 59, 1853. Myopa Fabricius, Syst. Entom. 798, 1775. Dalmannia Robineau Desvoidy, Essai sur les Myodaires, 248, 1830. Stylogaster Macquart, Hist. Nat. des Dipt. II, 38, 1835. [For description of species, see Williston, Trans. Connecticut Acad. VI, 377.] PIPUNCULID.E. Small, thinly pilose or nearly bare species. Head nearly spheri- cal, broader than the thorax, composed chiefly of the very large eyes. Eyes in the male contiguous, front in the female narrow. NoHTii Amekicak DirTiiRA. 55 Antenna; small, sliort, three-jointed, the third joint oval or reniform, with a dorsal arista. Face small, narrow. Proboscis small. Hypo- pyjfium thickeneil, clubbed; ovipositor usually elonjrate and folded under tlie abdomen. Basal cells of wing well developed, the tiiird elongate; one submarginal, three posterior cells present ; first pos- terior cell narrowed in the margin Piitnculcs Tiie flies are met with on flowers or in sweepings, and are readily distinguished by their large spherical head. Larvie parasitic ; pupa; obtected. PLATYPEZIDuE. Head hemispherical or spherical, as broad or broader than the thorax. Face usually broad and short. Antenna porrect, three- jointed, the third somewhat elongate, circular, pear-shaped or coni- cal, with a terminal arista. Proboscis short, but little prominent. Eyes bare, contiguous in the male; ocelli present. Abdomen com- paratively short ; genitalia projecting in C a 1 1 o m y i a. Legs short and strong ; hind legs often thickened, especially the tarsi ; pulvilli present. Basal cells of wing small, the anal usually reaching to tlie margin ; third longitudinal vein simple, the fourth sometimes fur- cate ; discal cell sometimes wanting. Small flies. 1. Discal cell present. 2 Discal cell wanting 3 2. Fourth longitudinal vein simple Callomvia Fourth vein furcate Platypeza 3. Fourth vein simple Platycnema Fourth vein furcate ° ( )i'ktia Meig. Callomyia Meigen, Ivlassif. 1804. Platypeza Meigen, Illiger's Mag. 1803. Platycnesia Zetterstedt, Dipt. Scand. I, 1842. CESTKID^:. Moderately large to large, plump, thickly or thinly pilose flies. Head large ; face and front broad. Antennae small, three-jointed, more or less concealed in a subantennal cavity or grooves; first two 56 Families and Genera of joints very short, the third round or oval, with a dorsal arista. Mouth opening small, the mouth parts small or rudimentary. Eyes comparatively small, bare. Ocelli present. Abdomen never elon- gate ; hypopygium concealed ; ovipositor often projecting. Legs moderately strong, tlie hind pair sometimes elongate. Tegulae usu- ally large, concealing the halteres ; sometimes small, and long ciliate. Wings usually with fine transverse wrinkles ; third vein simple; first posterior cell fully or narrowly open, or closed and petiolate ; basal cells small ; discal cell sometimes wanting ; the posterior part of the wings broadly unsupported by veins. Bot flies, parasitic in the larval stage in the skin, stomach, frontal or pharyngeal cavities of perrisodactyls, artiodactyls, rodents, ele- Xibant, monkeys, etc. Each species is parasitic in the same way, and, as a rule, on the same species of mammal ; and allied species usually have similar habits, on allied animals. The occurrence of bot-fiies on other than mammals needs verification. Pupal stage passed in the ground. 1. First posterior cell wide open, the fourth vein running straight to the border of the wing. (Horses.) . Gastrophilus First posterior cell narrowed or closed, the fourth vein distinctly bent forward 2 2. First posterior cell closed and petiolate. (Sheep.) . Oestiu'.s First posterior cell narrowly open. ..... o 8. Arista plumose on the upper side. (Rodents.) . Cutekebra Arista bare ; pilose species. ....... i i. Subantennal grooves separated by a median ridge, terminating in a shield-shape surface below, limited on each side by a slen- der groove running to the oral margin. .... 5 Subantennal grooves continuous to the oral margin, feebly sepa- rated from each other. (Deer.) . . Cephenomyia 5. Palpi present. (Reindeer.) Oedemagena Palpi wanting. (Oxen, etc.) .... Hypoderma Gastrophilus Leach, 1817. Hypoderma Clark, Essay on Bots, 1815. Oedemagena Latreille, Fam. Nat. 1825. Oestrus Linne, Fauna Succica, 1761. Cephenomyia Latreille, Fam. Nat. 1825. Cuterebra Clark, Essay on Bots, 1815. North American Diitkra. ru M U S C I 1) .!<:. The very large family of Muscidiu has been divUleil into miinerous subdivisions, wiiich by some entomologists are accredited with fam- ily rank. The number and limits of these sub-families, are more or less the subjects of diverse opinion by dipterologists. The follow- ing characters will apply to the family in its entirety : Antenna; three jointed, the third joint simple, usually round or oval, with dor- sal arista. Proboscis always present, usually short, with dilated labella, sometimes elongate and adapted for piercing. Auxiliary vein sometimes entirely wanting, sometimes coalescent with the first longitudinal vein ; one submarginal, three posterior cells present ; basal cells small, the second sometimes coalescent with the discal, the latter sometimes absent; pulvilli present ; empodia never developed pulvilliform. The flies are often small, or minute, usually more or less bristly, and not often much pilose. The larvaj are very variable in their habits ; pupie always enclosed in the larval skin. Two chief divisions are recognized, based upon the size of the teg- ulaj, the Muscidae caly ptra ta; and aca ly p tr a ta;. In the former they are well developed, in the latter small or rudimentary. All the families of the former (except the An thorny Ida;) have the first posterior cell either closed or narrowly open, a character rarely found in the second division. The differential characters of the calyptrata; liave already been given. Tlie flies have hitherto received but little study in this country and it is at present impossible to give a table of the genera that would be of much value. For the M u s c i d a; a c a 1 y j) t r a t a> I am prepared to give only a translation, with some modifications, of Scliiner's table of subfami- lies (Fauna Austriaca), with a reproduction of the characters given by Loew in his Monographs. MUSCID^v ACALVrrUAT^C. 1. Auxiliary vein present, distinctly separated from the first longi- tudinal vein, terminating separately in the costa ; the first longitudinal vein usually terminiites at or beyond the middle of the wing. . . ....... 2 Auxiliary vein absent, rudimentary or incomplete ; the first lon- gitudinal vein usually terminates before the middle of the wmg. la 58 Families and Genera of 2. Anterior border of the mouth with vibrissa?. ... 3 Oral vibrisste not present. .... . .• . 7 3. The distance between the anterior and posterior cross-veins (on tlie fourth vein) four or five times less than that between the posterior cross- vein and tlie posterior margin of tlie wing. Heteroneurid.e The distance between these veins but little less or greater than that to the hind margin 4 4. Abdomen elongate, usually cylindrical, narrowed at the base, behintl somewhat dccurved ; male genitalia usually clubbed, -projecting from the abdomen. 5 Abdomen comparatively short and rather broad, never cylindri- cal, or narrowed at the base ; male genitalia but little or not projecting; wings large 6 5. Front on the sides, and the vertex, with long bristles. ^/etferOHCuVi CORDYLURIU.E Vertex, only, with long bristles ; body always shining black. Sepsid^ 6. Proboscis horny, shining; hibella usually jiointed ; third anten- nal joint elongate ; males often woolly i^ilose. CoiiDYLURiD-E Proboscis not horny or shining; third antennal joint short or round ; males never woolly pilose. ?<> '•'■ ' »- , Phycodromidje, Helomyzid^ 7. Antennae much elongate, and porrect; second joint as long or longer than the third Sciomvzid.i: Antenna not elongate, or, if so, decumbent ; second joint always shorter than the third. ....... 8 8. Two posterior basal cells very small and indistinct. LONCH.EID.E, SaPROMYZID.E Posterior basal cells large and very distinct. ... 9 9. Hind tibije with a preapical bristle. . . . Sciomyzid.e Hind tibiae without preapical bristle 10 10. Front with bristles on the sides ; the auxiliary vein terminates steeply in the costa. ..... Trypetid.e F¥ont-bri*tly only on the vei'tex or upper part; the auxiliary vein terminates acutely in the costa 11 11. Legs elongate, often very long; abdomen slender and long, nearly cylindrical, often narrowed, or pedicellate at base. 12 Legs not elongate; abdomen never narrowed at base. Ortalid^ NOKTII A.MiniHAN Dll'TKHA. 59 12. First posterior cell imicli narrowed in tlie margin. Mickofezii).* First posterior cell but little or not at all narrowed in the margin. Si: PS ID.*; 13. Hind metatarsi shorter than the following joint and much thick- ened Bokborida: Hind metatarsi longer than the following joint and not more thickened. ......... 14 14. Second basal cell united with the discal cell ; posterior cross- vein present, ^y^^pt "> t\Uroy^*.u.r3^ ... 16 Second basal and discal cells distinct, or, if united, the posterior cross-veins wanting. 18 15. Legs long and slender ; alxlomen elongate and narrow. MiCUOPEZID/K Legs moderately long and usually rather strong; abdomen ovate, or elongate elliptical . 16 16. Front without bristles, or, at most, bristly at the top ; third joint of antennaj rounded, or, if elongate, the head triangular in profile. OsciNiD.i; Front bristly at least as far as the middle ; third antennal joint elongate, oval, or rounded; head not triangular in profile. 17 17. Face large; mouth opening large; anal cell wanting. EPHVDRIDiK Face not lar-ge and arched ; anal cell present. DROSopiiiLiDifi AnlvcJjj-it'T'. 18. Oral vibrisste present. 19 No vibrissfe on oral margin 22 19. Front bristly at the vertex only, or not at all. . . Sepsid.e ''yryJL'\AiJU\ Front bristly at least as far as the middle. ... 20 20. Posterior cross-vein before the middle of the wing, approxi- mated to the anterior cross-vein. . . AgROMYZID.iB v,o fv* J.[.'«v.\ t.'H»x I Posterior cross-vein at or beyond the middle of the wing, some- times absent 21»Ky\\t-»"Sii *''*«*» 21. Arista long plumose or pectinated. AsTEin.*:, Drosophilida: Arista shortly and thickly plumose, or pubescent, or bare, wi'r- pr(ift(i.\ tl^''.^''- L(. ■/'!«; - - _ Geomyzida; 22. Anal cell of considerable size and distinct. ... 23 Anal cell small and indistinct 24t 23. Front bristly Trypetid^ Front bare, or bristly at tfie vertex only. Psiud.* 60 Families and Genera of 2$. Silvery wliitc or whitish gray species witli unspotteil wings; posterior cross-vein wanting. . . . Phytomyzid.e > Reddish yellow or brownish red species, often with spotted wings Opomyzid^ C O R IJ Y L i; K I I) M. Neuration of the wings complete ; both posterior basal cells of considerable size; auxiliary vein well-separated from the first longi- tudinal vein ; first longitudinal vein bare. Whole lateral border of the front bristly ; anterior border of the mouth with strong, usually numerous vibrissae. Tibiaj with spurs. H E L O M Y' Z I D ,E. Neuration of the wings complete; costa bristly ; first longitudinal vein not abbreviated, but bare; the auxiliary vein is often rather approximated to it. Front bristly on its upper half onlj^ ; a stout bristle at each side of the anterior border of the mouth. All the tibiae with spurs and outwards before their tips with a more or less developed erect bristle. S c I o M Y z I D .*:. Neuration of the wings complete ; two posterior basal cells of rather considerable size ; auxiliary vein well separated from the first longitudinal vein. < )n the lateral border of the front Viefore the vertical bristles there are two bristles, one behind the other ; face proportionately long without distinct furrows for the antennae ; bor- der of the mouth sharp, without vibrissas. Middle tibia; with a greater number of bristles at the tip ; all tlie tibiaj on the outside before the tip with a small erect bristle P S I L I I) .!■:. Body elongated, with short hairs and almost without bristles. Neuration of the wings complete ; the auxiliary vein lies close by the first longitudinal vein, but diverges from it at its end and runs towards the border of the wing ; by a transverse fold most charac- teristic in this family running from the tip of the au.xiliary vein as far as the base of the third posterior cell, the outward end of the auxiliary vein is obliterated ; the posterior basal cells are very large. Front with only a few bristles in the neighborhood of the crown ; face receding ; opening of the mouth small and with no bristles at its border. Only the middle tibiae have spurs, and all the tibire are without erect bristle on the outside. MlC ROPEZID.E. Body slender, elongated, with very short hairs and very scarce bristles. Lcgsj proportionately short; only the middle tibia; have spurs, these being generally very small and weak; no small erect bristle on thej exterior side of the tibiae. Neuration of the wings ' v"v> 1*^1 '^'^^ sU^-^'-'j tkt -fVYx.' North A^ieric.vn Dittera. 61 complete; first lontritudiniil vein hare; tlie auxiliary vein is very close by it and diverges from it towards its end only; the two pos- terior basal cells are very larjje. Front with some bristles in the neighborhood of the crown only ; bordering of the mouth without vibrissa?. Last segment of the abdomen of the female prolonged into a blunt, cylindrical tube. O R T A L I I) x. Neuration of the wings complete; auxiliary vein separated from the first longitudinal vein and running to the border of the wing in the usual way, under an acute angle and remaining perfectly dis- tinct in its whole length; third longitudinal vein generally with coarse hairs; two posterior basal cells large, and the outward one frequently' prolonged in an acute angle. Front with bristles on the upper part only ; no vibrissa? at the border of the mouth ; clypeus commonly very much developed, and proboscis often very mucli thickened. Middle tibia? alone with spurs ; no tibise with an erect bristle on the exterior side before the tip. Ovipositor of the female rather flattened and horny, consisting of three elongated segments, forming three drawers like those of a telescope, and ending in a simple point. T K Y P E T I D ^. Neuration complete ; the end of the auxiliary vein runs steeply to the border of the wing and becomes obsolete ; first longitudinal vein always with bristles, the thii-d frequently, the fifth sometimes ; two posterior basal cells rather large, the hindmost is often prolonged to a point. Front on each side with two rows of bristles, one of which is more above and interiorly, the otiier below and exteriorly. Bor- der of the mouth with no vibrissje. Clypeus none or rudimentary. Proboscis never incrassated. Only the middle tibiic with spurs ; all tibia; without erect bristle on the outer side before the tip. Ovipos- itor liorny, consisting of three elongated retractile segments like the tlrawers of a telescope, the last of which ends in a simple point. LONCH^E I D-K. Neuration complete; the auxiliary vein runs to the border of the wing in the usual way, under an acute angle and without becoming obsolete, and is verv near to the first longitudinal vein ; this vein is bare; the two posterior basal cells are small. Front at each side with a single row of bristles ; border of the mouth without vibrissje ; clypeus rudimentary. Middle tibia? with spurs; all tibia; without erect l)ristle on the exterior side before the tip. The ovipositor of the female consists of three joints and is rather horny, quite flatten- • ed, and ends in a simple point. S A P K O M Y Z I D iK. Neuration complete ; auxiliary vein of the usual structure, fre- quently verv much approximated to the first longitudinal vein ; costa of the wings without bristles or marginal spine ; longitudinal veins without peculiar hairs ; posterior basal cells small. Front with a 62 Families and Genera of single row of bristles on each side ; no vibrissas on the border of the mouth ; clypeus rather rudimentary. Only the middle tibiaj have terminal spurs ; all tibi:e witli a small erect bristle on the exterior side before the end. Ovipositor of the female not horny. Phycodromid^. Thorax, scutellum and abdomen flat ; pleurae excised above the coxaj. Front bristly ; border of the mouth hairy, witli no distinct vibrissa. Legs stout, tibiie witli spurs and each witli an erect hair or small bristle on the outside before the tip; the first joint of the posterior tarsi not abbreviated; last joint of all tarsi enlarged, with stout claws and long pul villi. Neuration of the wings complete; auxiliary vein distinct in its whole length ; costa without bristles ; basal cells not small. Heteroneurid^. Neuration of the wings complete, but the first longitudinal vein rather short, an;l the auxiliary vein very much approximated to it ; costa without bristles; basal cells small. Front with long bristles; border of the mouth with a vibrissa at each side ; clypeus not devel- oped ; palpi broarl and proportionately large. Legs, and especially the tarsi, slender; middle and posterior tarsi with spurs; all the tibiaj without erect bristle on the exterior side before the tip ; claws and pulvilli very small. O P O M Y Z I D JE. Front with stout bristles above ; clypeus rudimentary ; border of the mouth either pubescent or with long hairs, the foremost of which sometimes forms a distinct vibrissa. Proboscis short ; palpi rather small. Middle tibiae with a distinct, posterior tibiae with a very short spur: the exterior side of the tibiie without erect small bristle before the tip ; claws and pulvilli small. Wings elongated and nar- row, with no bristles on the costa ; the axillary incision and alulae are either wanting or very diminutive. First longitudinal vein much abbreviated ; the auxiliary vein becomes obsolete before reacliing completely tiie first longitudinal vein ; the latter emits, shortly be- fore its end, towards the costa, a brancli, which may be considered as the end of the auxiliary veiti ; basal cells small. S E P S II> /li. Head rounded; front bristly; border of the mouth more or less hairy, the foremost hair often imitating a vibrissa ; clypeus rudi- mentary ; proboscis short ; palpi evceedingly small or wanting. Abdomen tapering towards the base. iNIiddle tibia' with diistinct spurs ; claws and pulvilli small. Neuration of tlie wings complete ; the auxiliary vein distinctly separated from the first longitudinal vein; the two posterior basal cells ratlier large. D I O P S I D .^E. Neuration of the wings incomplete from the absence of the fore- most of the two small basal cells ; the auxiliary vein very much North Amehican Diptera. 63 iipproxiniated to the first longitudinal voin. Head prolonged in two lateral apoplivses bearing the eyes ; front bristly only on the upper part ; border of the mouth with no vibrissa3. Anterior femora in- crassated. Piopn I L 11)^. The auxiliary vein, on its whole length, is coalescent with the first longitudinal vein ; witli this exeeption the neuration of the wings is complete. Front with some small bristles above only ; bor- der of the mouth with a vibrissa on each side; clypeus rudimentary ; legs rather stout, almost of the structure of those of the Sciomy- zidie; middle tibiiu with spurs; all the tibiae without erect bristle on the exterior side before the tip. E P II Y D R I D JE. Face convex, with no distinct furrows for the reception of the antenna' and without vibrissje, though frequently beset with hairs or bristles ; cl^'peus very much developed ; opening of the mouth large ; proboscis incrassated with a swollen chin. Neuration of the wings incomplete; the auxiliary vein distinct only at its base; the fore- most of the two small basal cells reunited with the discal cell. Mid- dle tibiaj with spurs. G E o M y z I D ^. Front with stout bristles above ; border of the mouth with vibris- sae. Clyi)eus rudimentar}'. Middle tibia3 with spurs ; all the tibise with a small erect hair on the exterior side before the tip. Wings with bristles on the costa ; first longitudinal vein exceedingly abbre- viated, and the auxiliary vein so approximated to it that it is dis- tinctly separated from it only towards the base ; the two posterior basal cells very small. 1) R O S O P H I L I D iE. Front with bristles above ; face with distinct sub-antennal furrows ; at the border of the mouth there is a feeble, frequently rather indis- tinct small vibrissa. Middle tibiae with very feeble spurs ; on the exterior side of the tibiaj there is either a very small or no erect bristle before the tip. Wings without bristles on the costa; the first longitudinal vein is exceedingly abbreviated ; of the auxiliary vein there is only a rudiment; the discal cell is usually, but not in all genera, united with the foremost of the two small basal cells. Claws and pulvilli very small. 08CINID.E. Front without bristles, the crown having only a few short ones ; border of the mouth without vil)rissa3, which, however, are repre- sented sometimes by a small hair on each side. Middle tibiic with small spurs ; all the tibiae without erect bristle on the exterior side before the tip. Costa of the wings without bristles. The auxiliary vein is completely wanting ; the anterior of the two small basal cells is united with the discal cell, the posterior one is totally wanting. 64 Families and Gkxeka of A G R O M Y Z I D iE. Front with strong bristles ; border of the mouth witli a vibrissa on each side. Middle tibia? with a terminal spur ; all the tibia; on the exterior side without erect bristle before tiie tip. Wings with- out bristles on the costa ; first longitudinal vein very sliort, and the auxiliary vein connected with it at the tip ; basal cells e\isting, but small ; posterior transverse vein generally far distant from the bor- der of the wing. P H Y T O M Y Z I U ^.. Front bristly ; border of the mouth with vibrissas on each side. Middle tibia; with spurs ; all the tibi;e without erect bristle on the exterior side. Wings without bristles on the costa ; first longitudi- nal v-ein very short ; auxiliary vein connected with it at the tip ; basal cells existing, but small ; posterior transverse vein wanting. ASTE 1D.«. Front bristly above; border of the mouth with a vibrissa at each side. Middle tibicC with spurs ; all the tibia without erect bristle on the exterior side. Wings without bristles on the costa ; first longi- tudinal vein exceedingly short ; auxiliary vein connected with it only at the tip ; second longitudinal vein very short ; two posterior basal cells as well as the posterior transverse vein wanting. BORBORID^. Thorax, scutellum, and abdomen flat ; front bristly ; face exca- vated, witli a vibrissa on each side of the border of the mouth ; clypeus developed; first joint of the posterior tarsi abbreviated. Neuration of the wing incomplete, only a commencement of the auxiliary vein being at best visible ; the hindmost two basal cells are not complete in all genera. PHORIU^. Small, hunchback-like, nearly bare species. Head small, flatten- ed ; face very short, oral oiJening large. Front broad in both sexes ; ocelli present. Antenna; apparently one or two-jointed, the termi- nal joint round, with a dorsal or apical bristle. Abdomen rather short, narrowed posteriorly ; genitalia of male often prominent, in the female projecting. Coxic elongate, the femora more or less, the hind pair often extraordinarily, widened and flattened. Wings large; on the anterior part with two strong veins, not reaciiing be- yond the middle, from which from three to five weak veins appa- rently arise and run across the wing. The larva; feed upon living or dead snails, beetles, hymenoptera and lepidoptera, or on fungi, decaying vegetables, etc. The flies have a peculiar hunchback appearance, rapidly running liither and thither. NOUTII AmEIUCAN Dil'TKUA. 66 1. Front entirely without bristles. .... Gymnophoua Front with long bristles. 2 *2. Middle tibiiv beset with bristles along the outer side. Trinkuua Middle tibi.-e with a few or no bristles on the outer side. Phoua 'I'kinkuka Meigen, Illiger's Magaz. 1803. (ivMNOi'iioitA Macquart, Hist. Nat. Dipt. 1835. Phoka Latreille, Hist. Nat. des Crust, etc. 1804. HIPP( )BOSCIDiE. Head depressed, flattened, closely attached to the eniarginate thorax. Antenni? inserted in depression near the oral margin, ap- parently one-jointed, with a terminal bristle or style. Face short. Kyes small ; ocelli present or absent. Thorax depressed, flattened, leathery, with a well-marked transverse suture. Scutellum broad and short. Abdomen oval, flattened, horny above. Legs short and strong, broadly separated by the sternum, the femora dilated; tarsi short and broad, the first joint of tiie four anterior, or of all, abbre- viated ; claws strong and well developed, often toothed below. Wings sometimes absent; when present, with variable neuration, the veins on the front part usually strong, and those posteriorly weak. The flies are parasitic in their adult stage upon mammals and birds; the immature stages are completed within the body of the femstle, the large puparium being extruded only a little before the time for the mature fly to emerge. 1. Wings wholly wanting Melophaodb Wings present, functional, or rudimentary. ... 2 2. Claws below with three teeth ; ocelli present. Ornithomyia Claws with two teeth ; ocelli usually wanting. ... 3 3. Wings rudimentary, or, if present, with weak and indistinct veins. Lipoftena Wings large, the veins in front strong 4 4. The furcation of the second and third veins at or beyond the middle of the wing • Hippobosca The furcation of the second and third veins takes place near the base of the wing. . Olfersia Olkkksia Wiedemann, Auss. Zweifl. Ins. II, 1830. 66 Families ani> Genkra ok Ormthomvia Latreille, Hist. Nat. des Crust, etc. XIV, 1804. Lii'Oi'TKNA Nitsch, (icrm. Mag f. Ent. Ill, 1818. Mei.ophagus Latreille, Hist. Nat. des Crust, etc. XI\'. 1804. HiPPOBOscA, Linne, Fauna Sueciea, 1761. NYCTERIBID^:. Wingless, pupiparous flies, parasitic uj)<)n bats in the adult stage. Head small, eyeless, folding bace into a groove on the dorsum of the thorax. Legs long, spider-like; claws well developed. Nyctkkibia. Ntcteribia Latreille, Hist. Nat. des Crust, etc., XIV, 1804. NoKTH Amerkan Dipteka. 67 BIBLIOGRAPHY* 1878—1888. 1 Bkjot J. F.M. Dipt. nouv. etc., An. Soc.Ent.Fr. 1878, 81-48, 313- 236 401-44(3. [XII. Phuniosia scapulata, 35, iris, 36, Mex.: Flora 36, Haiti : XIII. ( )cyptera californica, 42, funiipen- nis 43 Calif.; binotata, 44, Baltimore, soror, 46, simplex, 47,' Mex.: XV. Laphria corallogaster, 227, N. A.: Gorman- sis' eupoda, 234 ; Apliestia nigra 235; Atomosia soror, 236 ; Ccrotainia nigra, dubia, 238; Pogonosoma arachnoides, 239 all Mex.: Dasypogon bilimbatiis, 411 (Callinicus cal- can'eum L.); quadrinotatus, 412, Calif.: Seilopogon rubigi- nosus 419 N. A.: Stenopogon albibasis, 422, Laparus pic- titarsi's, 417, Calif.: Anisipogon vespoides, senilis Calif. 423 ; Triclis notata (Taracticus sexnotatus Say), 433, JSl. A.; Hol'opogon nitidiventris, 437, ? appendiculatus, 438: Lep- togaster seapularis, 444, all Calif.: Microstylum fulvigaster, 410 ; Stenopogon f uscolimbatus, 421 ; Ceraturgus genicula- tus,'443, all Mexico.] 2 Bulletin Soc. Entora. de France, 1879 [MERAPioiDust villosus, 64, Georgia: Sackenimtia, for Pangonia analis Fabr.] 4 Bull. Soc. But. Fr. 1879, 86. [Parasymmictus, for Hirmon- eura clausa 0. S.] 3 Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1879, 164, [Note on Arthropeas, Glutops, etc.] 5 Dipt. nouv. etc., XVI, Annales Soc. Ent. France, 1879 18:3- 236 [Xylophagida;, Stratiomyid®. Mackoceromvs (Sub- ula) fulviventris, 187, Mex.: Coenomyia cinereibarbis, 194, Baltimore: Oplacantha limbata, 196, Mex.: Dialysis ( Fri p- totricha) dispar, 197, Calif.: Hermetia nignfacies, 200, Mex.- Euparyphus niger, 205, Calif.: Stratiomyia dentata, 210 lacerata 211, Calif.: Exochostoma (Odontomyia) cal- ocens 217, Colo.: Sargus nigribarbis 224, Calif.; splendens. 224 Mex.- Chrysonotus flavopilosus 227, Mex.: Merosargus frat'ernus; 228, calceolatus, 229, Mex.: Ptecticus flaviceps, 230 Mexico.: Hermetia flavoscutata, 201, Mex.: Macrosar- gus smargdiferus. 225, Mex. Note on Laphyctis, and Laphystia, 235.] * Only papers containing descriptions, synonyms, or distribution, are included. t New. genera are piiuted in small capitals. 68 Families and Genera ok 6 Bigot, J. F. M. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1880, 5 [Megalomyia argyropasta, Panama: Acanthomera rubriventris, Gau- temala. ] 7 Bull. Soe. Ent. Fr. 1880, 62 [PiivLLOMYDAS^phylloceras, Rocky Mts., Enoplempis niira, Calif.: Megacytarus argenteus, Colorado.] 8 Dipt nouv. etc.. An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1880, 213-280 [new species of Eristalis ; see Williston, Synopsis], ;:>69-:37(> [notes, with generic synopsis, Tabanida; no new species.] 9 Dipt. nouv. etc. An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1881, 13-21. [Notes; Parasymmictus ; generic sj'nopsis of NeinistrinidEe.] 10 Dipt. nouv. etc. An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1881, 272-274. [Notes and Corrections.] 11 Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1882, 78. [Eurhinomallota metallica, Mex.] 12 Bull. Soc. Ent. 1882, 112. [Myelaphus melas, Enoplempis cinerea, Calif.] 13 Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1882. [Doliosyrphus scutellatus, hir- tipes, Panama: Asemosyrphus oculiferus, nigroscutatus, flavicaudatus, bicolor, Mex.: Romaleosyrphus villosus, Max.; see Williston, Synopsis.] 14 Dipt. nouv. etc. An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1882, 5-22. [Anthomyidae; notes, table of genera.] 15 Dipt. nouv. etc. An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1882, 453-460. [Notes ; Megalomyia argyropasta, 455, Panama ; rubriventris, 456, Guatemala ; synoptic table of species oif Acanthoineridae.] 16 Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1883, 35. [Proboscimy'ia siphonina. Rocky Mts.] 17 Dipteres nouv ou peu connus. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1883, 61-88. [Notes : table of sp. of Volucella and Phalachromyia : four new sp.; see Williston, Synopsis.] 18 Dipt. nouv. on peu connus. Ann. Soc, Ent. Fr. 1883, 221-258. [Syrphidae: notes; table of genera.] Ibid. 1882,315-356. [Thirty-five new sp. of Syrphidie.] Ibid. 1884, 73-116. [Thirty-three new species of Syrphidie.] Ibid. 1884, 535-5(50. [Twenty-one new species of Syrphidaj ] Ibid. 1885, 247-252, [Melanostoma cyaneocincta, 251, Mex.: Ocyptamus fenes- tratus, 251, Mex.] See Williston, Synopsis. 19 Bull. Soc. Ent. 1884, 42. [Cuolomyia inaequipes. Dexidee, Hex.] 20 Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1884,95. [Ancyclogaster armata, Tach- inidae, Mex.] North American Dii-tkra. fiO 21 Hkjot, J. F. M. Hull. Soe. Ent. Fr. 188"). [Hii.^mimiimna tlubia, Sn'iioNiOMViA inc'las, Dexidie, Mi'x.; Homodk.xia nitiiia, Dexidae, California: Stictojivia longlLoniis, Ortaliihi', Mex.: DiMORPHOMYiA caUiphorides, Tacliinid^, Mex.] 22 Rev. d'Entomolofjie, 1885, 255-2(U). [Dexi(la>, Sarcopliagidse; notes; synoptic table of genera.] •2ii Dipt. nouv. etc. An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 225-240. [Pupipara; notes, table of genera; Olfersia inipressa, 287, Calif.; sor- dida, 239, Guatemala : Ornitlioinvia nitens, 241, Panama; haitiensis, 242, Hayti : Nycteribia mexicana, 245, Mex.] 24 Dipt. nouv. ou peu connus ; Annales Soc. Ent. France, 1885, 263-804. [Puoboscimyia .«iphonina, 2(57, Kocky Mountains: Limnophora liml)ata, 271. normata, 272, rufi- pes, 272, anthrax, 274, Mexico : Mydroplioria '. pictij)es, 275, calopus, 275, Mexico; nigrieauda, 270, Hocky Mts.: Chortophila spinipes, 279, Rocky Mts.: Trichopticus crena- tus, 281, Mex.: Homalomyia mexicana, 284, Mex.; dentata, 281, rupecula, 285, Rr)ckv Mts.: Spilogaster plumifera, 288, Cuba; fulva, 280, Wash". Terr.; fulviventris. 2i)l, Calif.: Anthomyia monticola, 207, anthracina, 208, Rocky Mts.; oculifera, 200, Baltimore: Ilylemyia flavicaudata, 209, Wash. Terr.: Dialyta bicolor, 8U2, Mex.] 25 Bull. Soc. Ent. Vt. 1880. p. CIII. [Rhabdosei.aphus nius, Calif.] 20 Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1880, CLXVII. [Note on Megalemyia.] 27 Dipt. nouv. etc. XXXVII, Soc. Ent. Fr 1880, 277-302. [Sy- nojitic table of Tanypezidae, with notes; no new species.] 28 Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1887, LX. [Notes on Thevenemyia and Epibates.] 29 Dipt. nouv. etc. 1887, 17-40, 20:i-208. [Table of species of Loxocera : Strationiyida" and Conopidse: ()i)lacantha annulifera, 21, Ga.: Stratiomvia diademata, 23, Ga., Colo.; calopus, 23, Colo.; nevada>, 24, Nevada; simplex, 24, Tex., Colo.: Odontomyia pyrrliostoma ; 25, hoodiana, 25, Mt. Hood: Clirysochlora quadrilineata,2(), Cuba: Sargus punc- tifer, 27, Colo.: picticornis, 27, Wash. Terr.; pallipes, 28, Mt. Hooil ; sajjhireus, 28, Cuba Myochrisa eoerulia, 29, N. Amer.: Nemotelus tristis, Calif.. Genera of Conopidse, 30; Conops nigrimanus, 38, ochreiceps, 30, Georgia ; nigrifa- ceis, 40, carbonarius, 42, Mex.: Zodion triste, 20:5, Calif:; flavipennis, 204, zebrinum, 205, Mex.; Glossigona rubida, 20(5, Colo.; niaculifrons, 2(X5, Nevada : Gonorhynchus cas- taneus, 207, Nev.] 70 Families and (iknera of :J0 Bigot, J. F. M. Dipt. nouv. etc. Bull. Soc. Zool. tie France, XII, 1887. [Leptidaj. Synoptic table of genera: Clirysopila flavi- (la, Canad.; tomentosa, Colo.; anthracina, Calif .; testaceipes, Wash. Terr.: Leptipalpus limbipcnnis, Rocky Mts.; stig- matias, Cuba ; obscuripennis, Rocky Mts.; vertebratus, Hayti : Symphoromyia latipalpis, Rocky Mts.; picticornis. Wash. Terr.; trivittata, Colo.; fulvipes, atripes, Oregon; coinata, Calif.. Leptis niaculifera, albibarbis. Wash. Terr.; pruinosa, hoodiana, Oregon ; Atherix pachypus, Wash. Terr.: Clinocera maculipes, Calif.] :^1 Dipt. nouv. etc., Bull. Soc. Zool. France, XII, 1887, 587-617. [Muscida;. Notes, synoptic table of genera. Nitellia glab- ricula, 594, Calif.: Pollenia obscura, 597, N. A.: Somomyia rufigena, 598, N. A.; iridicolor, 599, Cuba; rectinervis, 600, Rocky Mts.; xanthorhina, 602, Mex.; rupicola, 603, Rocky Mts.: Musca fiavipennis, 605, Rocky Mts.; atrifrons, 607, Cuba, Mex.: Curtoneura fulvipes, 618, vittigera, 618, Mex.;anthoinydea, 616, Rocky Mts.; pallidicornis, 614, callimera, 615, Mex.; nigriceps, 615, Mex.: Pyrellia obscu- ripes, Mex.] 82 Dipt. nouv. etc. An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1886, 869-^392. [Micrope- zidiB: Tetradiscus pictus. Rocky Mts.; notatus, Mex.; Nerius plurivittatus, 372; flavifrons, 372, Mex.: Calobata callichroma, 3/3, calocepiiala, 375, Mex.: Tteniaptera cal- losoma, 379, pallidipennis, 880, ornatipes, 880, Mex.: Gral- loinyia calloptera, 81, Mex.: Megainerina fulvida, 884, Mex.: Cephalia " raaculipennis, 885, Rocky Mts.; ! fulvi- cornis, 886, Calif.: Odontoinera ? setosa, 386, Wash. Terr. Micropeza obscura, 387, Mex.: Enicopus ? fuscus, 888, Mex.: Neinopoda fulvicoUis, 890, aterrinia, 890, Calif.; cubensis, 3.K), Cuba; obscuripennis, 892, Calif.] 88 Note sur la Synopsis of the North American Syrphidie i)ar Mr- S. W. Williston. Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1887, CXXI-CXXIII. 84 Berg ROTH, E. Ueber einige nordamerikanische Tipuliden. Wien. Ent. Zeit. VII, 193-201, 1888. [Dicranomyia vonusta, 194, Sitka: Molophilus colonus, 195, falcatus, 196, paulus, 196, Sitka : Gonoinyia galactoptera, 196, Sitka ; Tricho- phona septentrionalis, 199, Sitka : Pachyrhina Wulpiana, 200, Calif.: notes on seven other species.] . 85 Brauer, Friedrich. Versuch einer Characteristik der Gattun- gen der Notacanthen, etc. Denschr. d. niath.-naturw. CI. d. kais. Alkad. d. Wissensch. XLIV, 59-10. 1882. [Synop- tic table of genera; Cvniimmoupha Biliinecki, 75, Mex.: Myxosargus fasciatus, 77, Mex., Carolina.] 86 Systeinatische-zoologische Studicn. Sitzenberichte iler kais- Akad. der Wissensciiaften, XCI, 1 Abtheilung, 287-414. plate. [Asilus niydas; 151, Mex.: Calobata ichneuiiionea, 152, both figured.] NOKTH AmEKICAN DlPTERA. 71 87 BuuGESs, Edward. United States Agricultural Keport, for I87t), pp. 201, 202. [Oscinis trifolii, 201, D. C ; malvse, 202, 1). C] 38 CoMSTOCK, J. H. United States Agricultural Report, for 1880. [Diplosis catalpae, 266, larva and adult : Drosophilse, 190- 202 ; Sciara ocellaris O. S. 204.] 39 CoQUiLLETT, D. W. Monograph of the Lomatina of North America. Canad. Entom. 1886, 81-87. [Tahles : Ei'cessia rubens, 82, Calif.: Leptochilus transitus, 83, Calif.: Aphoe- bantus litu.s, 84, hirsutus, 85, vittatus, 86, pavidus, 87, Calif.] 40 The North American genera of Anthracina. Canadian En- tomologist, 1886, 157-159. [Table of genera: Velocia (Hyperalonia) cerberus Fabr., 158; Mancia nana, 159, Calif.] 41 The North American species of Toxophora. Entom. Amer. I, 221, 222, 1886. [Table of species; notes; Toxophora pellucida, 222, maxima, 222, Calif.] 42 Notes on the genus Exoprosopa. Canad. Entom., XIX, 12- 14, 1887. [Exoptata divisa, 13, Calif., Ariz.] 43 Monograph of the species belonging to the genus Anthrax from America north of Mexico. Trans. Amer. Ent. So- ciety, XIV, 159-182, 1887. [Table of species: descrip- tions of known species ; numerous synonymical notes : Anthrax (Dipalta) junctura, 163, Calif:; (Dipalta) Keenii, 164, Ariz.; ajnea, 165, Calif.; nebulo, 165, Wash. Terr.; con- cessor, 165, Calif.; Mercedis, 166, turbata, 168, Anna, 189, supina, 169, inops, 169, eudora, 169, caprsea, 170, Calif.; inaurata, 170, Calif., Wash. Terr.; lauta, 171, agrestis, 171, campestris, 171, atrata, 171, Calif.; miscella, 171, Wash. Terr., Calif.; scitula, 172, vana, 173, syrtis, 173, cautor, 175, adumbrata, 176, perplexa, 176, vigilans, 176, fumida, 177, Calif.; irapiger, 177, Ariz.; dispar, 177, Fla.; plagosa, 378, Ariz.; nugator, 178, mira, 179, Calif.; Willistonii, 181, Cal., N. M., Colo.; effrena, 182, arizoneusis, 182, otiosa 182, Ariz.] 44 Day, Loren T. The species of Odontorayia found in the United States, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philadelphia, 1882, 74-88. [Description of known species; Odontomyia nigra, 75, Kans.; fiava, 76, Wyo.; pilosus, 76, Calif.; pubescens, 77, Calif., N.Y.; americana, 77, Calif .; bicolor, 78, Calif ; Willis- toni, 78, N. Y.; extremis, 80, Conn., Calif. 45 Notes on Sciomyzidae with descriptions of new species. Ca- nadian Entomologist, 1881, 85-89. [Notes; Tetanocera pubescens, 86, Wash. Terr.; montana, 87, Wyo.; lineata, 88, Conn.; Dryomyza pallida, 89, Conn.] 72 Families and Genera of 46 Doges, Alfredo. Arli'lopus Copei, Argas Sanehezi, y (^rnito- myia Vilhulie. La Natiiraleza, (2) 1,18-21, 1887. "[Ornith- oniyia Vil lathe, 1!>, jjarasitic on Buteo calurus and B. Bairdii, Mexico.] 47 Fyles, T. W. Description of a dipterous parasite of pliyUoxera vastatrix. Canad. Entoni. XIV, 287-2;3!), 1882. [Diplosis grassator.] Il)id. XV, 84. [Cecidomyia grassator, teste Hagen.] 48 Haoen, Herman A. New species of Simuiium with a remark- able Nympha Case. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. XX, 805- 807, 1879. [Simuiium pictipes.] 49 Karsch, F. Die Spaltung der Diptern Gattung Systropus Wiedemann. Zeitschr. Berl. Entomol. Gessellscli. (J54-658. [Cephenus angulatus, (557, infuscatus, 057, Tex.; iinbecillus, H58, Ga.] 50 Keen, E. L. List of Diptera taken in the vicinity of Philadel- phia, from 1882 to 1884, inclusive. Canad. Entom.. XVII, 51-55, 1885. 51 List of Syrphidae taken in Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, Pa., during the summer. Canad. Entom. XVI, 145-147, 1884. 52 LoEw, Hermann. Table for determining the North American species of the Genus Pachyrhina. Verb. Zool.-Bot. Gesellsch. 1879, 513-516. [Introductory note by C. R. Osten Sacken.] 58 Neue nordamerikanische Ephydrinen. Zeitsch. f. d. Gesamin- ten Naturvvissenschaften, LI, 192-208, 1878. Notiphila macrochasta, 192, Texas; avia, 198, Hudson's Bay Terr.; erythrocera, 194, Cuba: Paralimna decipiens, 195, Texas: Psiloiia a;neo-nigra, 196, pukhripes, 197, Texas; atri- mana, D.C., Texas: Athyroglossa glaphyropus, 197, Texas: Pelina truncatula, 198, Texas: Parydra pinguis, 199, D. C, Texas; unituberculata, 230, D. C.; imitans, 201, Mass.; limpidipennis, 201, D. C.; appendiculata, 202, Texas. 54 Marten, John. New Tabanidae. Can. Entom. XV, 110-112 [Tabanus AUyni, 110, N. C; Therioplecticus tetricus. 111, Freiichii, 111, susurrus. 111, Mont.] 55 MiK, Josef. Dipterologische Miscellen. Wien. Ent. Zeit. V, 276-279, 188(5. [Lkpidostola, nom. nov. for Lepidomyia Loew, 278.] 56 Osten Sacken, Charles Rohert v. Die Tanyderina, eine merkwuerdige Gruppe der Tipuliden. Verb. Zool.-Bot. Gesellsch. 1879, 517-522. [References to American species.] North American Diptkra. 73 ij7 MiK, JosEK. Ui-hor dii' Artrechte von Trocliobola ca?sarea (). S. 1111(1 Cyrtopo^'on Meyer-Diierii Mik. [Discusses the species {»f Trocliobola.] .")8 Hypocharassus jjladiator, cine neue Dolichopoden-Art aus Nordamerika. Verli. Zool. Bot. Gesellsch. 1878, 617-632, pi. X. [Genus new, p. 617.] 59 Dipterolofjische Beincrkungen. Verh. Zool. Bot. Gesellsch. 1883, 182-102. [Drosopliila uvaruin Kond. tiie same as D. anipelophila Loew : remarks on Sciara ocellaris Coinst. ((). S.)] 60 OsTEX Sacken. C. H. V I'rioritiet o1 On Professor Brauer's paper: Versucli einer Cliaracteristik der Gattungen der Notacanthen, 1882. Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. XXVI, 1882, 36;^38(). [Numerous important notes on generic characters. See 117] ()2 ( )n the genus Apiocera. Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. XXVII, 287- 294, 1883. [Discusses the characters, locating the genus with the Asilina;; synopsis of the known species.] ()3 Synonymica concerning exotic dipterology. No. II, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. XXVII, 205-208, 188;i. [Dialysis Bigot, Hermetia chrysopila, synonyms ; Ai.lognosta for the N. A. species of Metoponia. 207.] (J-t A singular North American ^y. Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. XXVII, 299, 300, 188:3. [Opsebius pterodontinus, Tex. This sp. also occurs in Canada.] 65 Facts concerning the importation or non-importation of Dip- tera in distant countries. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1884, 480- 40. Part I. Review of the published genera of the Tipulidie longipalpi. Berl. Entom. Zeitschr. XXX, 15;i-188. [Valuable discussions and descrijitions of the known genera, synopsis of Ctenophoraj, etc.: Brachy- PREMNA, for Tip. dispellens Walk, et alia.] <>8 Studies on Tipulidaj. Part II. Review of the published genera of the Tipulida^ brevipalpi. Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. XXXI, 16:J-242. [A similar discussion on the Tip. brevi- palpi : notes on Rondani's and Bigot's classifications, with synonymy ; addenda and corrigenda to Part I.] 74 Families and Genera of OsTEN Sacken, C. K. v. Biologia Centrali-Ainericana, Dii)tcra. pp. 1-216, plates I-III, 188(5, 1887. [A most valuable work, containing a review or lists of the described diptera of Centra 1 America, with notes, synonyms, analytical tables, etc. Numerous species are described, but not named : Teucolabis molesta, (5,' gra- cilis, 7, Mex.: Patropesa pneusta, 8, Mex.: Kpipliragma circinata, 9, Costa Rica; Eriocera mesoxantha, 10, zonata, 10, haemorrhoa, 11, Mex.; erythrjea, 11, Guatem,; gracilis, 12. pretiosa, 12, Mex.; lessepsi, 18, Panama: Tipula virgo, 14, Mex.: Pacliyrrhina ordinaria, 10, Mex.; con sularis, 17, Costa R., Nicar., Venez.; usta, 17, Costa R.; T.\NYPHEMN.\ opilio, 10, Guatem.: Oliuogaster (Rhyplii- d») 20, cognatus, 21, Costa R.: Subula elongata, 22,"(Tua- tem.: Sargus concinnus, 23, Guatem.: Ptecticus figlinus, 24, Guatem.: Rhaphiocera pampinus, 25, Panama ; calop- tera, 26, Mex.: Hernictia crabro, 29, Guatem.; relicta 30, formica, 32, pterocausta, 33, Panama ; C^qihomyia andro- gyna, 34, Panama: Aochletus (Stratiomyidie), 38, duc- tus, 38, Mex.: Euparyphus tricolor, 40, 1 deceminaculatus, 40, Mex.: Acantliina argentea, 41, Costa R.: Pangonia py- rausta, 43, Panama ; caustica, 44, Mex.: Chrysops altivagus, 45, Mex.; tanycerus, 46, Costa R.: Diclisa misera, 47, Guatem.: Tabanus ebrius, 49, Costa R., Panama; erebus, 50, Nicar., Panama; corone, 51, Guatem.; bifenestratus, 52, cribelluni, 52, Mex.; chionostigma, 54, Guatem.; venenatus, 54, Guatem., Panama: Rhachicerus bellus, 62, Panama: Acantliomera championi, 67, Mex.: Leptomidas sponsor, (iS, Guatem.; brachyrhynchus, 69, Mex.; Midas decor, 71, Panama ; chrysites, 72, cleptes, 72, Mex.: Hirmoneura psilotes, 74, Mex.: Exoprosopa rliea, 83, limbiiiennis, 84, Mex.; procne, 85, Guatem., rostrifera, 86, tilia, 86, socia, 87, pardus, 88, Mex.: Hyperalouia dido, 91, Mex.; latreillei, 93, Mex.; Guatem., Panaini: Stoxy.v (Exoprosopa) 94, clelia, 95, Mex.: IsoPENTHES (near Hemipentlies), 96, Jiennickeana, 97, Mex.: Argyramoeba scriepunctata, 103, daphne, 104, Mex.: AsTKOFHANES (near Anthrax) lO'i, adonis, 107, Mex.: Lepidanthuax (Anthrax), 107,, angulus, 111, Calif., Mex.: Anthrax arethusa, 116, Mex., Guatem., Costa R.; poecilogaster, 118, Calif. Mex.; selene, 122, Mex.; galathea, 123, Costa R.; ephebus, 124, cuniculus, 125, Mex.; consul, 125, Guatem.; rex, 127, Mex.; lepidota, 130, chimiera, 131, eumenes, 131, scylla, 132, Mex.; (Hvalanthrax) faustina, 136, (id.) sabina, 137, (id.) moneta, 138, (id.) livia, 139, (id.) agrippina, 139, Mex: Epacmus, 142: Aphoebantus Cyclops, 146, Mex.; rattus, 147, Texas ; conurus, 14S, Calif.; bisulcus, 148 Mex.; carbonarius, 149, Washington Territory, Kansas, Mexico; peodes, 149, Mexico: I'an- tarbes pusio, 153, Mex.; willistoni, 153, Ariz.: Paracos- mus morrisoni, 155, Mex.: Phthiria censors, 155, Mex.: Sys- ■ tropus rogersi, 158, Costa R.; cerdo, 158, Panama ; lugu- bris, 159, rufiventris, 159, Mex.: Eclimus ? auripilus, 161; NoKTii Amehkan Diptera. 76 < >8TEX SaCKEN, cm. v. Mi'x.: Thoreva bolbociTa, 1(52, Mex.: ()cn:pa f^rossa, 10:], Costa R.; tricliofera, 1R4, Panama: Oncodes Imiiieralis, 1()4, Mi'x.: Pialeoidi'a iiK'tallica, l()5, (Jiiatt'in.: Lasia scrihit', 1(5(5, (iviatfin.: Stichoiiopm catulus, 170, Mex.: I)io Wii.LisToN, S. W. Dipterous larva' from tlu' Western Alkaline Lakes and their use as Human Food. Trans. Coim. Acad. VI, Sn-m, 1883. [Habits of larva>; fig. of puparium ; descr. of Ephydra californica.] 90 Contribution to a Monogrraph of the North American Svrphi- die. I'roc. Am. IMiil. Soe. XX, 2m)-8;52, 1882. [Table of genera, notes, deser. of •2>] new species; all superseded by No. 103.] 91 The North American species of Nemistrinidae. Can. Entom. t)$*-72, 1888. [Table of species : Rhvnchocephalus volaticus, 71, Fla.] 92 On the North American Asilidae ( Dasypogoninae, Laphrinae), with a new genus of Svri)hida^ Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. XI, !-:>(), pis. 1, II, 188:). [Table of genera; notes; Myelaphus rufus. 7, Calif.: Dioctria nitida, 8, Sackeni, 8, Wash. Terr.: Triclis tagax, 9, Calif.: ? Habropogon bilin- eatus, 11, Calif. Cyrtopogon dasylloides, 11, i)ra'pes, 12, Wash. Terr.; dubius, 13, Or.; ? gibber, 14, Calif.: Nieocles abdominalis, 17, Calif.; rufus, 18, '. scitulus, 19, Wash. Terr.: Lksto.myia fraudigera, 21, Calif.: ^ Taractieus bre- vicornis, 22, Wash. Terr.: Dasyllis unicolor, 2(i, Wash. Terr.: Hyperechia atrox, 28, l*a.: Laj)liria anthrax, 29, Calif.; ferox, 29, vivax, 30, Wash. Terr.; canis, 31, Conn.; Xanthippe, 31, Or.; pubescens, 33, Wash. Terr., Or.: Nau- siGASTER punctulata, 34, N. M.] 93 Uebcr Mallota cirabiciformis Fallen. Berlin. Entom. Zeitschr. XXVII, 171, 172. [Synonymy, dimorphism.] 94 Notes on Injurious Insects: Entomological Laboratory, Lan- sing, Mich. By I'rof. J. A. Cook, 1884. [Scopolia sequax, p. 5, fig. Mich.] 9o Eine merkwuerdige neue Syrphiden-Gattung. Wien. Ent. Zeit. Ill, 185, 18G, 1884. [Eickuatomyia Pergandei, 1880, D. C] 9t> On the classification of North American Diptera (first paper) , Syri)hidie. Bull. Brooklyn Ent. Soc. VII, 129-139, 1885. [Table of genera, superseded by No. 103.] 97 On the classification of North American Diptera (second paper). Entom. Amer. I, 10-13. [Definition and generic tables of TaVianida' and LeptidiP : notes: Apatolkstes comastes, 12, Calif.] 98 On the classification of North American Diptera (Third i)a- per. ) Entom. Amer. I, 114, Sej)!., 1885. [Definition and generic tables of X3'lo])hagida' and Stratiomyida^ : notes : ScoLiopELTA luteipes. White Mts.] 78 Families and Genera of 90 WiLLisTON, S. W. Nortli American ronojjicbe: Conclusion. Tr. Conn. Aciitl. VI, :577-oi)4, I'latc XLI, 1885. Completion of monograph of family, witli table.-* of genera and species : Conops gracilis, o77, Ariz.; fronto, :J78, Kaiis.: Zodion pic- tulum, ;^79, N. M.; leueostonia, SSO, Ivans., Mont., Ariz.; pygmanim, -^Sl, Calif., Colo.: Myopa pictipennis, -iH'I, Ariz., Calif.; pilosa, 383, Calif.; plebeia, 384, Ariz.] 100 Xotes and descriptions of North American Xvlopliagid.e and Stratioinyid;e. Can. Kntom. 1885, 121-128. [Notes: Xy- lophagus decorus, 121, Wash. Terr.; gracilis, 122, Oregon, Wash. Terr.: Subula ])aren.s, 122, VVash. Terr.: Macrosar- gus clavis, 123, Va., N. C: Ptecticus Sackenii, 124, Fla.; similis, 124, Va., Ga.: Hermetia Comstocki, 125, Ariz.. Euparyphus ornatus, 126, Wash. Terr.: Clitellaria argen- tata, 127. Ariz.] 101 On the North American Asilidte (Part II). Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. XII, 53-7(), 1885. [Notes on Das^'pogoninae; table of Laphria ; gen. and sp. tables and descr. of Asilina?, excl. Asilus, sens, lat.: Aphaniartania fur, 53, Ariz.; Laphria ventralis, 55, Calif.; ruficauda, 55, San Dom.: Andrenosoina chalybea, 56, San Dom.; Mallophora nigra, 58, Minn.: Guil- diana, 60, Ivans., Mont., N. C.: Promachus princeps, 62, Wash. Terr.; albifacies, 63, Ariz.: Erax tagax, 65, Ariz.; jnbatus, 66, N. M.; latrunculus, 67, Ariz., Mont.; fui'ax (sj'ft. cinerascens), (U, Wash. Terr., Calif., Ivans., Ariz., Conn.; stamineus, 68, Mont.; dubiiis, 64, 68, Wash. Terr.; similis, 68, Ariz.; leucocomus, 60, Ivans.; varipes, 71, Ariz., Kans.: Proctacanthus rufus, 72, N. C, Mass.] 102 ( >n two interesting new genera of Leptidaj. Entom. Amer. II. 105-108, 188(). [Notes on structural chara(?ters : Agnoto- MYiA (Stygia) elongata Say, 106, Conn.: Arthrooehas, 107, pollinosum, 108, Cal. Col.] 103 Dipterological Notes and Descriptions. Trans. Amer. Ent., Soc. XIII, 287-307. [Notes and descr. Leptidae, Asilida?, Midasidae, Nemistrinidaj, Therevidit, Cyrtida?, Dolichopida?, Pipunculidaj, Muscidaj, sens, lat.: Syniphoromyia pachyce- ras, 287, Calif.; plagens, 287, Wash. Terr., Or.: Ceraturgus nigripes, 287. Ga.: Stenopogon a>acidinus, 280, Ivans.: Ato- mosia (Atractia) Mikii, 200, San Dom.: Midas scitulus, 291, Ariz.: Ectyphus linibatus, 202, Ariz.: Hirmoneura fla- vipes, 292, Fla.: Thereva crassicornis (noni. preoc.) 203, Calif.: Acrocera liturata, 294, Wash Terr.: Pipunculus opacus, 205, Wash. Terr.: Hyalomyia aeneiventris, 206, Wash. Terr.: Dejeania hystricosa, 297, Wash. Terr., N. M., Ariz.: Hystricia sorer, 298, Ariz.: Jiirinia (Fabricia) hvs- tricoides, 300, Conn., D. C, Va., Ga., N. M., Ariz.: Echiiio- niyia (Peleteria) Thomsoni, 302 (E. filipalpis Thorn.), Wasli. Terr., Calif., N. M.; Gymnocluvta vivida, 302, ruli- NoKTll AmICKK AN Dll'TKHA. ?{» WiLLISTON, 8. W. coriiis, .'>()2, IVnna.: Bclvoisia v. d. Wulpi, 308, San Doni.: Saumlersia niaculata, 804, N. M.; hicolor, 804, N. M., Ariz., Calif., Wasli. Terr.: Melanophrys flavipeiinis, 306, Wvo., Calif.] 104 Synopsis of the North American Svrphi(la\ Bull. U, S. Nat. "Mus. No. 31, 1880. pp. I-XXX. and 1-885, pis. 1-XlI. [A inonofiraj)!) of tiie genera and sjiecie-s north of Mexico, with descriptions or lists of those in Central America and West Indies. Supersedes all the autlior's ])revi()us ])ai)ers on this family.] 105 North American Tachinida?. (Jonia. Can. Entom. 1887, 0. [Notes : table and (lescri])tion of species : Gonia senilis, Kans.; porca. Or.; e.xul. Conn., Mass., N. Y.; sequax, Calif.] 10() Table of the Families of Diptera. Trans. Kansas Acad, of Science, X, 122-128, 1888. 107 Notes and l)escri])tions of North American Tabanidie. Trans. Kans. Acad, of Science, X, 120-142, 1888. [Notes anil descriptions of sixty-four s])ecies ; supplementary tables of species; Pangonia fera, 180, Or.; dives, 180, Calif.: Chry- so])s i)ertinax, 132, Wash. Terr.; Frazari, 130, San. l)om.; sequax, 188, Kans.; pachycera, 184, Calif.: Tabanus sequax, 187, Or.; comastes. 187, Wash. Terr., Or.; sodalis, 189, Conn.; fur, 130, Fla.; fratellus, 140, Wash. Terr.; pygma.'us, 141, Fla.; parvulus, 141, San Dom.; fenestra; 141, San Dorn.] 108 WooDwoRTii, C. W. Gonia senilis Williston. Psyche, V, 42, 1888. [Note on variation ; Texas.] 100 WuLP, F. M. V. d. Quelqucs Dipteres Exotiques. Coniptes rendus de la Soc. Entom. de Belgique, 1884. [Hystricia cyaneiventris, Guanaxuato.] 110 Amerikaani.sche Diptera. Tijdschr. voor Entom. XXIV, 141-1()8, pi. XV, 1881. [Notes: Trichonta perspicua, 142 (Mvcetophilidie), Quebec: Tipula retorta, 140, vitrea, 150, Quebec], XXV, 77-186, i)ls. IX, X, 1882. [Anthrax me- lasoma, 80, Ariz.: Proctacanthus virginianus, 100, \'a.] XXXVI, 1-60, pis. I, II, 1888. [Jurinia nitida, 18, Ariz.: Echinomyia lugubris, 20, Quebec: Calobata albice]>s, 50, Quebed.] HI Remarks on certain American Diptera fi;oin the Leyilen Mu- seum and descriptions of nine new species. Notes from the Leyden Museum, IV, 78-02, 1882. [Notes: Anthrax me- lasoma, 74, Aria.: Jurinia nitida, 82, Ariz.] 112 Chryso])s geminata Wied. und Macq. Wien. Entom. Zeit. Ill, 189-141, 1884. [Chry.^ops cra.-^sicornis, 141, (iuan- axuati>.] 118 Nalezing over Amerikaani.sche Diptera. Tijd.schr. v. Entom. XXVII, 1-4, 1884. [Notes.] 80 Families and (Jeneka of 114 Bigot, J. F. M. Bull. Soc Ent. Fr. 1887, rLXXII-rLXXIV. [Diagnoses of Calli])h()rii xanthoriiia, Mex.; Sotnomyiarupi- cola, rufigena, rectinervis, iridicolor, Rocky Mts.: I'yri'llia obscuripes, Mex.: Musca atrifrons, Cuba, Mex.; flavipen- nis. Rocky Mts.: PoUeuia obscura, N. M.: Niteilia glabri- c'ula, Calif.: Curtoneura fulvipes, vittigera, anthoniydea, Rocky Mts.; pallitlicornis, callidiiiiera, Mex.; nigriceps, Mex. — see No. 31.] 115 Bull. Ent. Soc. Fr. 1888, XXIX, XXX. [Xew species of Dolichopodidee : Psilopodius hirtulus, Hayti : I'silopodinus jiallescens, N. C; pampoecillus, Hayti; carolineiisis, Caro- lina; occidentalis, Calif ; astequinus; Mex.: Spaticliira pul- chriinana, Rocky Mts.: Poecilobothrus mexicanus, Mex.] 116 Dipt. nouv. ou peu conniis. An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 77-101. [Tachinidas, Dexidse : Jurinia ? barbata, ganoides, Mex.: Hystricia fulvida, 79, N. A.: Ecbinoniyia rubrifrons, 80, cora, 81, inacrocera, 81, notata, 82, Mex.: Frontosia rufo- stylata, 88, chrysopygata, 84, Mex.: Fabricia infuniata. 85, Mex.: Blepharopeza monticoia, 91, Rocky Mts..; inermis, 91, N. A.; fulvipes, Wasb. Terr.: Cryptojialpus flaviceps, 93, Rocky Mts.] 117 Brauer, Friedrich. Offenes Schreiben als Antvvortauf Herrn Baron Osten Sacken's "Critical Review" nieiner Arbeit ueber die Notacantlien. Vienna : published by the author, 1883. pp. 1-11. 118 Systematische Studien auf Grundlage der Dipteren Larven nebst einer Zusamnienstellung von Beispielen aus der Lit- eratur uelier derselben und Beschreibung neuer Forinen. Denkschr. d. k. Akad.d. Wissensch. XLVfl, 1-I00,4pl.l883. 119 CoMSTOCK, J. H. Report upon Cotton Insects, 1879. (Pliora aletiae,209-211.) The same, abridged, U. S. Agric. Rep. for 1879. (Tachina fraterna, 303.) 120 Hagen, H. a. On Simuliuni. Canad. Entom. XIII, 150. 151, 1881. [Notes on various sp. of Siniulum.] 121 List of North American Sarcophagida?, examined by R. H. Meade, Esq., Bradford, England. Canad. Entom. XIII, 146-150, 1881. [Important notes on the Loew and 0. S. collections, by both Meade and Hagen, with synoptic ar- rangement.] 122 List of North American Anthomyidaj, examined by R. H. Meade, Esq., Bradford, England. • Canad. Entom. XIII, 43-51, 1881. [Valuable notes on .the Loew and O. S. col- lections.] 123 KiRBY, W. Insects of the Northern parts of British America> compiled by Rev. C. J. S. Bethune. Canad. Entom. XIII, 1881, Diptera, pp. 164-169. [A useful reproduction of Kirby's Fauna Boreali-Americana.] 127 Bu;OT, J. r. M. Bull. Soc. Eiit. Fr. 1887, C'XL-CXI.Ii. [Bk'jiharoiK'za tric'lH)])is, Mox.; Cryptoj)alpiis iiK'laii()]>_VL;a- tus, Wash. 'IVrr.: P'.lacliiiialpus nijirifrons, Mox.; Ililariinor- plia oljsfura, Calif.; l\liani]>lioniyia Morrisoni, Nov., pacli- yniera, nigrita, gcniculata, Calif.] NoHTii Amkuican DiI'TKKA. 81 12;^ I.i.vTNKK, J. A. On Ci'cidomyia U-jjunu'iiiirolji n. sp. Canad. Eiitoin. XI, 121-124, 1H7!). [Suhstitution of the sp. name for trifolii Lintiier, Can. Knt. XI, 44.] 124 Lynch Arrib.^l/.aua, Enriquk. Catalofjo dc los Dipteros liiista aliora tlcscritos quo so oncuentran on las Hepublicas liol Kio do la Plata. Hoi. Aoad. llU-152, 188:1 [Distribu- tion and synonymy of contain N. A. spocios.] 125 Riley, C. V. U. S. Af-rio. Kop. for 1884, p. :122. [Osoinis brassicfe.] 12() Wii.LisTON, S. W. Fourtoonth Hop. of tlio Stato Entoinolofrist of Illinois. S. A. Forbes. [E.xorista infosta, (35; by an error tlio first sesmont of the abdomen is called the second, etc. ] Writers on syslk'Uiatio diptorology of the present time, whose works should be consulted : Meade, Verrai.l, Enjfland ; Bhauek, Mik, Austria: Bergrotii. (JiRsoHNER, Handi.ihscii, Kaksch, Osten Sacken, Koeder, Germ- any ; Kowarz, Ilunjj;ary; Dziedzicki, Scunabl, Poland; van der WuLP, Holland; Portsc iiinsky, Russia; Bicot, Gouert, France; CoQuiLEETT, Wii.LiSTON, North America; Enrique and Foli.x Lynch Arribalzacia, South America. Writers on economic entomol()f;y, whoso works contain iin])ortant references to American dijjtora : CoMSTocK, Now York; Cook, Michij-an ; Forbes, Illinois; Lint- ner. New York: Rii.kv, U. S. Afjricultural I)o])artinent. AdDENOA ANI> CoRRKiENDA. E.xoiTATA ('(Kjuillott, Can. Entom. XIX, 18, 1887. — Bombylidio. "Third antennal joint furnishoiL with a distinct terminal style; seconil vein issues from the third opi>osito or nearly oi)i)osito the small cross-vein ; anterior branch of the third vein coimoctod by a ch)ss-voin with the st'cond, forminji; throe submartiinal colls ; tirst posterior cidl divided into two colls l)y a cross-vein phu'od sonu' dis- tance before tij) of discal coll: anterior branch of third vein and veins 2, ■], and 4 torminato in marj^in of wiiifj;s; no ])ulvilli." Differs from Exoprosopa in having two first posterior colls. Enopeemi'is Bipot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1880, 02. — Emi)ida'. "(lonoris I'>m|>idis |iroximum, inaximo dilfort : Fomoribus jxjsticis robustis, subtus, apico, ])rofuii9 SciOMYziDii';, .......... 00 Sepsii).«, 02 Stratiomyid.e, ......... 17 Syrphii)^, .47 Tabanid.e, . . . . . . . . . .21 Therevid.k, ...'....... -JS Trypetiu.e, .......... 01 XTLOPHAGIDiE, 10 MjKi^^^iiii ^Kcne'j:; (^^r-^ ;1; SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES 3 IDfia DD2SE1EH 3 nhent QL535 1.A1W73 Synopsis of the families and genera of N