M=L. 2&6 ¥/ Hibrary of the Museum | Or COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, AT HARVARD COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, MASS. Founded by private subscription, in 1861. Deposited by Louis Agassiz. No. 4906 iy 4 it : ‘A ey) A Ad hak ary i) o > f ares May a a] , 2° ay! ho VD ar tits , ; ae i v\ sa. M4 | he j . ‘ 5 as ii » ¥ NOP ’S2S OF THE FAMILY UNIONIDA. BY ISAAC LEA, LL.D. VICE-PRESIDENT OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY ; LATE PRESIDENT OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA ; MEMBER OF THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, ETC. ETC. FOURTH EDITION, VERY GREATLY ENLARGED AND IMPROVED. PHILADELPHIA: By BoN Une, -Gey) A. L870. . SVhRG ETS f VPOIOS CMOS ENN, ‘ EEA BOOIRTIIS TO ISAAC HAYS, M.D., LATE PRESIDENT OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, ETC. MY VERY DEAR FRIEND:— I have already dedicated one of my volumes of Observations on the Genus Unio to you; still, as this is the most important of all my works, I cannot resist the inclination to offer it to you, who have been my lifelong companion, associate, and friend. For over fifty years we have been united in labors to promote the cause of Science, by the ties of friendship and the congeniality of tastes and pursuits. In my particular branch you haye always aided me by your sympathy and advice. All medical men know what eminent services you have rendered in the advancement of the healing art. These are claims which induce me to ask you to accept this, the fourth edition of my Synopsis, which is almost a new work. Always your constant and sincere friend, ISAAC LEA. Lael PREFACE TO FOURTH EDITION. Ir is now eighteen years since the last edition of this “Synopsis” was published. The advancement of the knowledge of Natural History has been accelerated during that period by the labors of many men of science, the younger of whom have embraced the study with great earnestness and energy. The effect of this progress has been felt very sensibly in that interesting group of Mollusca which embraces the Family Unionide. Consequently the additions of species and synonyms have been largely increased, resulting, in fact, in more than doubling the lists of the last edition. The labor required for this portion of the work has been very great. The same principles of arrangement of the tabular system which were used in the previous editions have been retained in this. After the experience of thirty-four years since the first edition was issued, I have had no reason to believe that any better arrangement could be devised in the present state of our knowledge. The tables have therefore been extended to the present time, and have been so much en- larged with new matter as almost to entitle the work to be considered a new one. This has been done with a faithful desire to recognize every fellow-laborer in this group, and to render to each one full justice. Some may have been omitted, for want of access to their works—none intentionally. The present edition is greatly improved and enlarged by additions to the geo- graphical distribution tables, and by the habitat of each of the species; and the Index referring to the tables of species and synonymy has had the exact references fully made to the works where they were originally announced. These two very important additions to the previous editions will facilitate the use of reference to all the works on the subject which this “Synopsis” embraces. B vi PREFACE TO FOURTH EDITION. These tables were originally made for my own use. Subsequently I was induced to print them, and they have now expanded to a large volume. With all the care which has been bestowed on them, I do not present them as a perfect and complete work, and I trust that any omissions and errors may be pointed out to me. The Bibliographical List of the Unconide at the end of the volume will surprise the general student by its enormous extent, comprising, as it does, about eleven hundred references, and yet I am perfectly aware that many works will be found to exist which have never come under my notice. PHILADELPHIA, June, 1870. CONTENTS. Corrigenda et Addenda Synopsis oF THE Famity UNIONIDH Division of the Family Unionide Genus Margaron Subgenus Triquetra Subgenus Prisodon . Subgenus Unio. Subgenus Margaritana Subgenus Plagiodon . Subgenus Monocondyleea . Subgenus Dipsas . * Subgenus Anodonta . Subgenus Columba 5 Subgenus Byssanodonta Genus Platiris . 5 Subgenus Iridina Subgenus Spatha . : > - - : > : - Subgenus Mycetopus . : GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE tare OF THE Tomes Uaroenee Genus Margaron Subgenus Triquetra Subgenus Prisodon . Subgenus Unio. Subgenus Margaritana Subgenus Plagiodon . Subgenus Monocondylea . Subgenus Dipsas . : Subgenus Anodonta . Subgenus Columba Subgenus Byssanodonta . Genus Platiris . Subgenus Iridina Subgenus Spatha . Subgenus Mycetopus Index of Species . 2 . : : Alphabetical List of Works referring e fie Untontae 3 in this volanie 5 Chronological Bibliography of the Unionide . Appendix é : é 0 5 xiii., 28 PaGe Line 20 14 11 14 a 0 OO CORRIGENDA ET ADDENDA. add Triquetra obliqua. Adams. and in note, for Crossiana read Crosseiana. insert below Dupret, Castalia Dupret. Recluz as a synonym. under delphinus insert as syn. Hyria delphi- nus, Trosch. for Vondembushiana read Vondembuschiana. for Nyassensis read Nyassaensis. for crespisulcatus read cripisculatus. in 2d column, insert NoDULOUS. for Grundlachi read Gundlachi. for Demararaensis read Demeraraensis. for habetetus read hebetatus. after favidens insert asa synonym U. triros- tris. Reeve. for caridiacea read cardiacea. last line in first column, add Sumatrensis. Dunk. for turdigulus read turgidulus. place Con. before Han. for Lea read Con. after tenerus add tenebrosus, Con. as a syn- onym. add delumbis, Con. as a synonym to modio- lifermis, Lea. for Blan. read Lea. insert Bourg. before Parr. insert rasus, Lea, after Mosulensis, Lea. for Vandembuschiana read Yondembuschi- ana. for legubris read lugubris. | Pace Lise 62 17 63 18 64 12 64 13 64 22 65 5 65 12 65 15 66 19 66 27 val 4 72 11 72 6 72 3 75 16 76 2 78 22 81 21 84 17 84 15 84 32 & 33 118 42 121 43 150 5 105 & 106 for Laonensis read Laosensis. for Dumbo read Dumbee. strike out U. Pugio. Ben. Reeve. for Terheri read Zeyheri. strike out Schwerzenbachii. Bourg. for aqualina read aqualinus. for Bronn. read Goldfuss. for Bronn. read Sowerby. for tumulatis read tumulatus. transfer Unio Vers-Pacis to page 64. under isocardioides Lea, place Unio isocar- dioides Reeve. for Monge read (Monoc.) for Salmeniania read Salweniana. for Mechonti read Michonti. for Math. read Meth. after cygnea insert Lin. under An. McNielii place An. Anth. for Napotalensis read Nopalatensis. for Leotandi read Leotaudi. for opilina Aust read opalina. for Kiust. read Kutschig. after Vid. insert Fauna Dalmatiens by Frauenfeld in Zool. bot. Vereins 1856. for Drap read Dup. and for 41 read 65. for Chirriet read Cirrhipes. A. atrovirens and cornea, Nicaragua. In- advertently put in So. Am. list instead of No. Am. opalina ONO. ESce THE FAMILY OF UNIONIDA. Some students of the Mollusca have treated the Family Unionide as of little importance or interest. This has evidently arisen from the fact that they are com- mon and generally not attractive to the eye as the marine species are. But when we consider that over 1000 books and papers are inserted in the list herein presented, we must acknowledge that most of the best writers on Malacology have given space and attention to the importance of the subject. Deshayes very properly remarks: “Aussi il est peu de genres dans le grand ensemble des Mollusques qui ait été plus fréquemment mentionné que celui-ci.”* And Swainson in his Malacology very properly remarks that “The Unionide, of all the groups of Dirayrra (Conchifera), is that which contains the greatest modifi- cations of form; insomuch that it becomes almost impossible, in some of its minor divisions, to determine which are species and which varieties,” &e.—P. 290. The following table of arrangement and synonymy was undertaken purely with the view, and in the hope of clearing away the difficulties which had encumbered one of the most interesting families of the Mollusca. In this attempt I met, while pursuing the task, with obstructions and difficulties which I little anticipated at its commencement. The want of some of the books of reference, and the confusion which reigned throughout many of them, sometimes presented obstacles which seemed almost insurmountable. The extensive and admirable library of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia has greatly aided me in this and the previous editions. In attempting to establish the synonymy, I have endeavored to render the strictest justice, and if, in any case, it be found that I have failed to do this, it will be a matter of sincere regret. All corrections will be gratefully acknowledged. 1 Traité Elémentaire, T. xi. p. 195. x SaveNgOcE SiS Ore In the following tables there will be found in the Family, 1069 recent species as admitted, 224 unknown to me or doubtful, and 185 fossil; in all 1476; and the synonymy according to my views is enormous, being 891. Of the subgenus Triquetra (Klein),' there are 4 species and 25 synonyms. Of the subgenus Prisodon (Schumacher),’ 3 species and 13 synonyms. Of the subgenus Unio (Retzius), there are 833 species in a recent state and 501 synonyms. In addition there are 141 which I have not been able to admit as certain; of fossil species 169. Of the subgenus Margaritana (Schumacher), there are 29 admitted species, and 6 which are unknown to me. There are 66 synonyms. Of the subgenus Plagiodon (Lea), there is 1 species. Of the subgenus Monocondylwa (D’ Orbigny), there are 26 species, and 4 un- known tome. There are 27 synonyms. Of the subgenus Dipsas (Leach), I know of but 2 species, both of which are recent. There are 20 synonyms. Of the subgenus Anodonta (Cuvier), there are 148 admitted species, and 68 which are unknown to me. Of fossil species there are 14. Of synonyms there are 189.’ Of the subgenus Columba (Lea), there are 2 species, and 13 synonyms. Of the subgenus Byssanodonta (D’ Orbigny), 1 species. Of the subgenus Jridina (Lamarck), there are 4 species, and 3 unknown to me.* There are 6 synonyms. Of the subgenus Spatha (Lea), there are 9 species, all recent, and 2 unknown tome. There are 22 synonyms. Of the subgenus Mycetopus (D’ Orbigny), there are 8 species, and 8 synonyms. Most of the distinguished authors who have written on the subject of the division of this Family, have acknowledged the extreme difficulty they have encountered in separating it into natural groups. This difficulty is not peculiar to the Unionide. In most of the Families where a great number of species has been observed, we find 1 Tentamen Methodi, 1753. 2 Nouveau Systeme, 1817. 8’ To Anodonta cygnea alone I make 106 synonyms, and I believe that many in my doubtful list will be found to be mere synonyms to this prolific species, which has been a mine to ambitious species makers. 4 Mr. Gray, in his List of Genera, Pro. Zool. Soc., 1847, gives priority to Scopoli, Intro. ad Hist. Nat., 1777, under the name of JJutela. Scopoli adopts Adanson’s name of Juéel, and adds the a to it. THE FAMILY OF UNIONIDSE. xa these species so merging, and, in some of their characters, so fading away into each other, that we scarcely know how—indeed, in some instances it is impossible—to make the separation with precision. ‘Natura non facit saltum.” A writer in the Edinburgh Review, No. 212, p. 494, says some German and French botanists “content themselves with calling species any collection of individuals which resemble each other more than they do any other set of individuals, without any limitation to the degree of resemblance or difference which shall determine whether they belong to the same or distinct species.” “But the more rational definition adopted in substance by all the great masters of the science of the present day is that of ‘a collection of individuals which, by their resemblance to each other, or by other circumstances, we are induced to believe are all descended or may have descended from one individual or pair of individuals.’ The various modifications of this definition enumerated by De Candolle consist chiefly in the more or less detailed enumeration of the other circumstances, such as hereditary constancy of character, facility of intermixture of breeds,” &e. In the vegetable kingdom, the same obstructions to a system are encountered. The observations of Lindley' are so just and philosophic, that I cannot refrain from quoting them here :— “Species are created by Nature herself, and remain always the same, in whatever manner they may be combined: they form the basis of all classification, and are the only part of it which can be considered absolute. For although, in a natural system, all other combinations—whether genera, tribes, orders, or by whatever name they may be known—comprehend species agreeing much more with each other than with anything else, and haying a positive general resemblance in the majority of their features, yet no fixed limits can be assigned to any of them; on the contrary, they pass, by means of various intermediate species, into the other genera, tribes, orders, &c., to which they are most nearly allied. For this reason, viz., that no fixed limits can be assigned to orders, genera, &c., we find the ideas about them fluctuating with the degree of our knowledge; which is the true cause of those changes in the limits of genera, &c., which persons unacquainted with the subject are apt to consider arbitrary, but which, in skilful hands, are dependent upon a progressive advance in the knowledge of science.” Linnzus defines species thus: “Species tot sunt quot diversas formas ab initio produxit Infinitum Ens; que forme secundum generationis inditas leges, produxere plures, at sibi semper similes.”—Phil. Bot., 99, 157. 1 See Introd. to Botany, p. 307. SAN O PSs On rs cI _e According to St. Hilaire a species is a collection or succession of individuals characterized by a combination of distinctive features, the transmission of which is natural, regular, and indefinite in the existing order of things.” MM. Ray and Drouet (Revue ef Mag. de Zoologie, 1849) give their views of what forms a species in the following terms: ‘Généralement on entend, par se mot (espece), un type d’organisation de forme et d’activité, rigoureusement déterminé, qui se perpétue successivement par génération directe et une maniére indéfinie avec la méme constance de caractéres.”" Milne Edwards’s definition of species, I think, is less clear. He says: “On donne le nom d’espéce a Ja réunion des individus, qui se reproduisent entre eux avec les mémes propriétes essentielles.” Cuvier considered that the fact of the succession and of the constant succession, constituted alone the validity of the species. Dr. Morton comprised his view of species as “a primordial organic form.” Neither of these definitions fulfils my own idea of what forms a species. It seems to me that a species must be considered to be a primary established law, stamped with a persistent form (a type), pertaining solely to itself, with the power of suc- cessively reproducing the same form and none other. Blainville, in his Manuel de Malacologie, divides the Unionidae (his Sub-Mytilacea) into Anodonta and Unio, but thinks that species will be found which will make these to be united.” Dana’® says “a species corresponds to a specific amount or condition of concentred Sorce, defined in the act or law of creation.” Sowerby says: “The difficulty of ascertaining to which genus of Lamarckian Naiades certain species belong, arises from the very general similarity of form,” &e. ; “in fact, an examination of a sufficient number of species will prove that no depend- ence can be placed upon the characters by which authors usually attempt to discrim- inate between these genera, and that the transition from one to another is so gradual in some instances, and so strongly marked in others, that it is not surprising that authors, who, having only met with certain species, and not being aware of such intermediate links, should have considered them as the types of new genera.”* And further: “We think we have already said enough to prove that, unless it be thought 1M. Drouet, in his Etudes sur les Nayades de la France, 1854, has given valuable observations on the anatomy, function, diagnosis, &c. of Anodonta. * See page 540. * Thoughts on Species. Am. Jl. of Science, 1857. 4 Zool. Journ., vol. i. THE FAMILY OF UNIONID &A. Xi wise to elevate each of the peculiar sorts we have mentioned, and many more, into distinct genera, it will be positively necessary to unite them altogether under one generic appellation.” Deshayes, in his edition of Lamarck’s Animaux sans Vertebres, says it is impos- sible to separate the genera of the Unionide. ‘ Nous pourrions prendre pour exemple celui des genres qui est consideré comme l’un des mieux caractérisés. Le genre Symphynote (Lea) est fondé sur ce caractére remarquable que les deux valves sont soudées entre elles le long du bord supérieur,” ete. ‘Nous concluons que tout ce grand ensemble ne peut et ne doit former qu’un seul genre constituant a lui seul la famille des Nayades.”' In his admirable work Zraité Elémentaire de Conchyliologie, not yet finished, he continues to consider that his twenty-fifth Family, Nayades, is filled by one genus, viz., Unio of Retzius. He makes, however, four divisions, which, he says,” “différe a peine de celle de M. Lea.” | Gane Unio j A. Symphynotes. “( Hyria ( B. Non-symphynotes. Margaritana . . . . = ne ie Sep Genre, B. Espéces non-symphynotes. Unio, Retzius |\Dipsas . . . . . . Symphynotes. Mycetopus A. Espéces symphynotes. Anodonta Anodonta \ | B. Espéces non-symphynotes. \ Tridina It might be expected that some attempt of the application of M’Leay’s circular system should be made in regard to this family. Swainson says that “the progres- sion of every natural series is in a circle.’ In my attempts to verify this, I have 1 Vol. vi. p. 526.—I shall be excused in taking this opportunity to correct an erroneous impression on the mind of M. Deshayes. He says that I was not able to examine the collection of the Museum of Paris. ‘ Malgré cette imperfection qu’il ne pouvait empécher, le travail de M. Lea se recommende A Vattention des naturalistes par ces observations judicieuses, des descriptions exactes,” etc. It would be strange, indeed, if, after spending so many years in the study of this family, that I should neglect, while in Paris, to see the collections from which Lamarck made so many descriptions. I was frequently at the Museum, and on one particular occasion, by appointment of MM. Blainville and Ferussac, arranged, in the presence of these and other gentlemen, all the species of the Unionide that were in the Museum, and named them; and also presented to the Museum about fifteen species which were new to that great national institution. I also did the same thing for Baron Ferussac, having designated every specimen in his cabinet belonging to this family. 2 Traité Elém., vol. ii. p. 213. 8 Swainson, in Lard. Cycl. Nat. Hist., p. 247. In his Treatise on Malacology the same author keeps this idea in constant view, and thus invalidates his groups. Besides, he was little acquainted with foreign species. D X1V SYNOPSIS OF not been successful. That the same idea exists in the construction of species is evident through a great number, but that this idea is returned to the point at which it commenced I am not prepared to admit. The arrangement of the system adopted in this Synopsis, whatever may be said to the contrary, is eminently natural as regards the exo-skeleton or shelly covering of the included soft parts. Although I have examined critically and published descriptions of the soft parts of 254 species of this family, and often dissected 50 to 100 of the same species, I cannot see, as yet, any useful division that could satisfy the student or the adept, which can be made by systematic difference in the organic forms of the soft parts. With a knowledge of the soft parts of about only a fourth part of the family, is it not unwise to attempt a division for the whole? And again, will it not be a very long time before it will be possible to obtain the complete animal of most of the species? Some of them perhaps never will be obtained by the American or European Malacologist. I am satisfied that eventually, when we shall become sufficiently acquainted with the soft parts of most of the Unionide, the best division into genera will be founded on the diverse forms of the branchial uter?. I have now examined carefully 254 species, mostly with charged uteri, and I have come to the conclusion that any safe division, founded on the characters of the functional soft parts, must be based on this very important organ, which shows so distinct and varied a conformation, often involving, as it does, the form of the massive envelope. In regard to the making of species a few remarks may be made here. That there has been great abuse of it there can be no doubt. Think of the nearly 250 synonyms for the seven or eight species of the Family Unionide living in Europe! Many very able writers have deprecated this folly and ignorance, but it still goes on. In the United States we have such an extraordinary development of this form of shell life, that many European writers find it difficult to give us credit for our real disposition—at least I speak for myself—of keeping down our species as much as possible. The nomenclature is becoming truly embarrassing, and there seems to be no avoidance of it. We have by no means exhausted the discoveries of these forms in Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi, which States seem to be, and particularly Georgia, the centre of this form of Malacological life." No species has ever been described by me without the greatest care and all examination used that was possible. When not well satisfied of distinctive characters, I have laid the specimen aside in hopes of better light, and I have by me now many of which I am uncertain as 1'The late Bishop Elliott, who did so much to develop the Unionide of Georgia, observed to me in one of his letters, that almost every stream seemed to afford him new species. THE FAMILY OF UNIONID &. XV to their identity, and therefore I hesitate. Some of these I have had for more than twenty years.’ It should be remembered that many of the diagnoses of my new species were made from single specimens, and these sometimes imperfect. The various aspects and the differences of the characters of the old and young as well as that of males and females, are often very imperfect, and necessarily therefore some are omit- ted. The important character of the undulations of the beaks is often omitted on account of the imperfection of the part. Too much stress cannot be laid on the importance of keeping down the species in all branches of Zoology. Prof. Owen has well remarked that “the coining of names for things glanced at and imperfectly understood, the falsification of signs without due comprehension of the thing signified, becomes a hindrance instead of a furtherance of true knowledge.” And Prof. Carpenter, in one of his lectures in 1859, said “there are too many who are far too ready to establish new species upon variations of the most trivial character, without taking the pains of establishing the value of these differences, by ascertaining their constancy through an extensive series of individuals; thus, as was well said by the late Prince of Canino, ‘deserib- ing specimens instead of species,’ and burdening science not only with a useless nomenclature, but with a mass of false assertions. It should be borne in mind that every one who thus makes a bad species is really doing a detriment to science, while every one who proves the identity of a species, previously accounted distinct, is contributing towards its simplification, and is therefore one of its truest benefactors.” Dr. Arnott, in Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, very forcibly says that “to indicate many apparently new species, is the work of an hour; to establish one on a sure foundation, is sometimes the labor of months or years.” To form a systematic, and, so far as possible, a natural arrangement of this family, has long occupied my serious attention. : I was, from my first knowledge of the Family, struck with the very different aspect of the winged species, and, taking the hint of Lamarck,’ I thought that an important division could be made by separating the connate from the free shells, and proposed the name of Symphynota for such as were connate. I was not satisfied at that time in separating a genus of this family by a character differing from that of the teeth, but presumed that the family would be taken up by some one, if not by myself, and that the first division of it would be symphynote and non-symphynote 1 The observation of alate French writer that not more than three in one hundred of my species will stand, is too flippant to need much notice. Time will prove that very few will be eliminated. 2 Vol. vi. p. 76. Xvi SYNOPSIS OF Unionide. The numerous new species which have been made known since, have satisfied me that this character cannot be so extensively and usefully applied as I then thought it could, and that it is not, in fact, free from the same objection which pervades so many generic characters as adopted by the most intelligent naturalists, viz., that perfect fading and mingling of character which interferes with all the sys- tems yet formed. Sowerby, after examining into the propriety of dividing the Family into genera, came to the conclusion of keeping but one genus, viz., Unio: this he divided into A without teeth, B with teeth. These he subdivided into winged and not winged. Another subdivision followed these, on the presence, form, and absence of teeth. There is evidently much merit in this division, but it is not perfect; nor ought we to expect perfection, I believe, in any system. Ferussac informed me, when in Paris, that he proposed to consider the Family Nayades to consist of one genus, Margaritifera, which genus he divides into the following subgenera: 1. Anodonta; 2. Iridina; 3. Dipsas; 4. Triquetra;' 5. Alas- modonta ; 6. Unio. Swainson, in his Walacology, divides the Nayades of Lamarck into several sub- Families and a great number of genera, which do not seem to me to possess charac- teristics sufficiently different to be adopted. They are as follows :— Unio. Lam., represented by Unio sulcatus. Lea. Cunicula. Swain., af “ Unio rubiginosus. Lea. Ligumia. Swain., “Unio rectus. Lam. Theliderma. Swain., : “Unio laerymosus. Lea. Megadomus. Swain., a “MM. gigas. Swain. Aiglia. Swain., ce “Unio ovatus. Say. Naida. Swain., ee “Unio ater. Lea. Canthyria. Swain., “Unio spinosus. Lea. Mysca. ‘Turton, a “Unio piectorum. Lam. Potomida. Swain., “ Unio sinuatus. Lam. Lymnadea. Swain., i “Unio alatus. Say. Tridea. Swain., “ “© Unio granosus. Lam. Castalia. Lam., “ “Castalia ambigua. am. Naia. Swain., ue “Unio corrugatus. Lam. Hyria. Lam., “ “ Hyria syrmatophora. Lam. Hyridella. Swain, He “Unio australis. Lam. Tridina. ama, x “ Tridina exotica. lam. Calliscapha. Swain., re “ Tridina Nilotica. Sow. Mycetopus. D’Orb., ee “ Mycet. soleniformis. D’Orb. * Klein. This, it would appear, Baron Ferussac intended should embrace my genus Symphynota, as he included all he knew of them except S. biala/a. THE FAMILY OF UNIONID#. eval Lamproscapha. Swain., represented by Anodonta siliquosa. Spix. Symphynota. Lea, ce “Unio levissimus. Lea. Anodonta, Lam., so “An. eygnea. Lam. Hemiodon. Swain, wp “An. areolatus. (edentula. Say.) Swain. Patularia. Swain., S “An. rotundus. Spix. Calceola. Swain., a “ Unio calceolus. Lea. Alasmodonta. Say, B: “Alas. undulata. Say. Uniopsis. Swain., ‘3 “ U. mytiloides. Raf.? Margaritana. Schum., ¢ “ M. margaritifera. Lin, Complanaria. Swain., He ‘Alas. rugosa. Barnes. Retzius, Nova Testrceorum Genera,’ 1783, established the genus Unio, of which he makes two divisions, viz.:— * Without lamellar teeth— 1. Unio margaritiferus. Represented by Mya margaritifera. Lin. ** With lamellar teeth— 2. Unio crassus. ot - Unio crassissimus. Fer. 3. Unio tumidus. ff “Unio ovalis, of British Zoologists, 4, Unio pictorum. rs “Unio pictorum. Lin. 5. Unio ovalis. a “Unio tumidus. Retz. 6. Unio corrugatus. os ‘“‘ Unio corrugatus. Lam. Mr. Gray, in his excellent List of Genera (Zool. Soc. Proceedings, 1847), divides Lamarck’s Nayades into three Families, viz.:— Family 9th. UNionip#®. 10th. MureLApm. 11th. Mycrropopips, The Unionide consists of nine genera, viz.: Anodonta, Cuv.; Margaritana, Schum.; Monocon- dylea, D’Orb.; Unio, Retzius; Barbala, Humph.; Lamproscapha, Swain.; Anodonta, Lam.; Byssano- donta, D’'Orb; Glabaris. Family 10th. MureLAD consists of five genera, viz.: Mutela, Scopoli; Leila, Gray; Pleiodon,? Con.; Paxyodon, Schum.; Prisodon, Schum. Family 11th. MycErropopip& consists of one genus, viz.: Mycetopus, D’Orb. M. D’Orbigny, in his Voyage Am. Merid., vol. v. p. 594 (1835 to 1843), divides ' T have never been able to examine this rare work until recently, it being now in the Library of the Academy of Natural Sciences. The establishment of the genus Unio has been usually given, by French authors, to Bruguiere, but the English and German writers give it to Retzius so universally, that I have followed them. The author of this dissertation would appear from the title-page to be L. M. Philipsson; Retzius being the presiding officer of the institution. But it is understood to be a fact that papers writ- ten by officers of the Universities in Germany have been sometimes published under the names of students as Theses, and it is said that this is one of such cases. * Ido not see any reason for throwing out Jridina and taking in its place the name of Plezodon, which was unnecessarily given to a shell well known and figured long before, and described both generic- ally and specifically, viz., the Iridina ovata, Swain. E XVili SYNOPSIS OF the family into genera according to the form of the mantle, the form of the foot, and according to the character of the shell. “Qui se divisent zoologiquement en plusieurs genres d’aprés la forme du manteau, la forme du pied, et d’aprés les caractéres seuls de la coquille. On pourrait les diviser ainsi qwil suit.” 1. Manteau fermé jusqu’au tiers inférieur de la coquille, pourvue des deux tubes distincts, &c. = Tridina, Lam. 2. Manteau fermé seulment sur la région anale, ot il y a deux tubes distincts, &e. = Castalia, Lam. 3. Manteau ouvert sur toute sa longeur, une ouverture anale seule distincte, &c. = Mycetopus, D’Orb. 4, Manteau ouvert sur toute sa longeur une ouverture anale seule distincte. A. Coquille pourvue des dents variables 4 la charniére = Unio, Retz. B. Coquille pourvue d’une seule dent = Monocondylwa, D’Orb. C. Coquille sans dents a la charniére = Anodonta, Lam. Prof. Troschel, in Wiegmann’s Archives, vol. xiii. 1847, divides the family, by their anatomical structure, into nine genera, viz. :— Unio (Retzius). The mouth lips are wider than long, united as far as the middle on the pos- terior margin. The margin of the mantle entirely open; the outer branchia united to the mantle to its very extremity; the inner branchia not united to the foot; the foot is tongue-shaped, thick, somewhat produced anteriorly. (Unio twmidus, Retz., and Unio Hopetonensis, Lea.) MARGARITANA (Schumacher). (Alasmodonta, Say.) The mouth lips are wider than long, united along two-thirds of the posterior margin. The mantle entirely open; the outer branchia is free posteriorly, and lies in a fold of the mantle; the interior branchia is united to the foot anteriorly, but along the greater part of the foot it is free; the foot is tongue-shaped, somewhat produced anteriorly. (Mya margaritifera, Lin.,) Tab. 6, Fig. 1. Hyria (Lam.) The month lips as wide as long, not united. The mantle margin inferiorly is open, posteriorly closed, so as to make a branchial and anal aperture. The outer branchia united to the mantle to its extremity; the interior branchia is united to the foot; the foot tongue-shaped, thick, somewhat produced anteriorly. (H. syrmatophora, Lam.,) Tab. 6, Fig. 3. CasTALIA (Lam.). The mouth lips a little wider than long. The margin of the mantle infe- riorly is open, posteriorly so united that the branchial and anal apertures are closed; the branchial aperture is surrounded with cirri; the anal aperture smooth; the outer branchia united to the mantle all the way to its extremity; the inner branchia———(?); the foot tongue-shaped, thick, somewhat produced anteriorly. D’Orbigny, Voy., &. (Castalia ambigua, Lam.) Dipsas (Leach). Animal unknown. Shell closed entirely (Dipsas plicatus, Leach). AwnoponTA (Lam.). The mouth lips are broader than long, united to the middle of the poste- rior margin; the mantle margin is entirely open; the outer branchia united to the mantle to its ' M. D’Orbigny, in his Voy. dans Am. Mer., v. 5, pt. 3, p. 502, says that the eleven genera made by Agassiz out of the Myz may all be placed in existing genera. DEE RAN LLY OR UN TON T Den. Seb extremity; the inner branchia not united to the foot; the foot is thick, tongue-shaped, somewhat produced anteriorly. (An. eygnea, Lam.) IrrpinA (Lam.). Mouth lips longer than wide, not united; mantle margin united as far as the foot, so that the branchial and anal apertures are closed; the outer branchia united to the mantle as far as its extremity; the inner branchia entirely united to the foot; foot thick, tongue-shaped, somewhat produced anteriorly. (J. cxlestis, Lea.) SpatHa (Lea). The mouth lips are longer than wide, and not united. The mantle margin is closed behind, so that the branchial and anal apertures are closed; on the under margin the mantle is entirely open; the outer branchia is united to the mantle all the way to its extremity; the inner is not united to the foot; the foot is thick, tongue-shaped, somewhat produced anteriorly. (S. rubens, Lea,) Tab. 6, Fig. 2. Myceropus (D’Orbigny). The mouth lips longer than wide; the mantle margin is open to the anal aperture, which is closed; the outer branchia is entirely united, or grown together; the inner (?); the foot is very much produced and widened into a knob. (JL. solentiformis, D’Orb.) In The Shells of New England, by W. Stimpson, Boston (1851), he states that, in the MSS. of Prof. Agassiz, the following divisions into genera are made (of the New England species) on anatomical differences, viz.:— Unio, Retzius, emend. Gills free from the abdominal sac, their posterior extremity attached to the mantle; eggs, in the female, filling the whole extent of the outer gill; mantle fringed at both siphonal openings. (Unio complanatus, Lea.) HuryNEA, Rafinesque, emend. Gills attached to the abdominal sac, leaving no communication between the pedal and the upper gill cavities; eggs received in the sacs of the posterior part of the outer gill; mantle fringed at the posterior half of its ventral edge, and at the branchial and anal siphons. (Unio prelongus, Bar.) LAmpsIuis, Raf., emend. Gills attached; eggs in the posterior part of the outer gill; mantle fringed at both siphonal openings, und having fleshy thickenings and processes at its posterior ventral edge. (Unio radiatus, Lam.) MerapTerRA, Raf, emend. Gills attached; eggs in posterior part of gill; a broad expansion of mantle upwards; superanal opening long; both siphonal openings fringed. ( Unio alatus, Say.) CoMPLANARIA, Swain, emend. Gills free, united to the mantle to its margin; outer gill filling entirely with eggs; superanal opening long; both siphonal openings fringed; palpi united along their posterior edge for two-thirds of their length, (Alasmodonta rugosa, Bar.) MARGARITANA, Schum. Gills free from abdominal sac, their posterior extremity not united to the mantle; anal opening or region of mantle not fringed; branchial fringed. (Alasmodonta arcu- ata, Bar.) ALASMODONTA, Say, emend. Gills attached to abdominal sae, attached also to the mantle to their extremity; branchial siphon fringed; anal large, not fringed; eggs ———(?). (Alasmodonta marginata, Say.) xx SYNOPSIS OF Srropuitus, Raf., emend. Gills attached; eggs received in the whole extent of the outer gill; anal opening not fringed. (Anodonta undulata, Say.) Anoponta, Brug. Benedictensis, Lea.) Gills free; eggs.throughout the gill; anal opening not fringed. (Anodonta Soon after the appearance of Dr. Stimpson’s publication from Prof. Agassiz’s MSS. I tabulated his divisions and those of Prof. Troschel for my own use. To these I occasionally added notes, and I produce the tables here for reference. TROSCHEL’S DIVISIONS OF THE FAMILY UNIONID#.! DIAGNosIS OF THE FAMILY oF Untonrp=.—Shell with epidermis; without emargination in the mantle; two muscles, the anterior of which makes commonly three impressions in the shell; one exterior ligament; mantle without branchial and anal tubes, and without retractile muscles; two external and two interval mouth lips which are large and rounded, and internally perpendicularly striate; two branchiz on each side, united to each other behind the foot for the whole length ; branchial filaments not separate. All live in fresh water. Mouth Lips. Mantle. Branchia. Foot. *Unio. Retz. Wider than long, Margin entirely open. Outer united to mantle to ex- Tongue-shaped, thick; pro- tumidus. united to mid. post. tremity. Inner not united to duced anteriorly. Margaritana. Sch. margin. Wider than long, Entirely open. foot. Outer is free posteriorly. In- Tongue-shaped, thick; some- margaritifera. united to 2g post mar- ner united to foot anteriorly, what produced anteriorly. gin. but free the greater part. Hyria. Lam. Wide as long, not Margin inf. open. Post. closed Outer united to the mantle to Tongue-shaped, thick; some- syrmatophora. united. to make branchial and anal extremity. Inner united to what produced anteriorly, aperture. the foot. Castalia. Lam. Little wider than long. Margin inf. open. Post. closed Outer united to mantle to ex- Tongue-shaped, thick; some- to make branchial and anal tremity. Inter ? what produced anteriorly. apertures. Dipsas. Leech. Animal unknown. *Anodonta. Lam. Wider than long, Margin entirely open. Outer united to mantle to ex- Tongue-shaped, thick; some- cellensis. united to middle of tremity. Inner not united to what produced anteriorly. posterior margin. foot. Iridina. Lam. Longer than wide, Margin united as far as the Outer united to mantle to ex- Tongue-shaped, thick; some- czlestis. not united. foot, so that branchial and tremity. Inner entirely unit- what produced anteriorly. Spatha. Lea. Longer than wide, anal apertures are closed. Margin closed behind, so that ed to foot. Outer united to mantle to ex- Tongue-shaped, thick; some- robens, not united. the bran. and anal apertures tremity. Inner not united to what produced anteriorly. are closed ; entirely open on foot. the under margin. Mycetopus. D’Orb. Longer than wide. Margin open to anal aperture, Onter entirely united. The Produced and widened into a * Wiegman's Archives, 1847, v. 13. which is closed. inner ? knob. 2 The genera Unio and Anodonta are described exactly the same!! EON RAVE Yo Om UN LON LE Dans AGASSIZ’S DIVISION OF UNIONID&.! Palpi. 2Unio. Retz. Emended. U. complanatus. Lea, Enrynea.‘ Raf. Emen- ded. U. prelongus. Bar. nasutus. Say. Lampsilis.* Raf. Emended. U. radiatus, Lam. Metaptera.® Raf. Emended. U. alatus. Say.? Complanaria. Swain. Emended. Alas: rugosa. Bar.® United along the pos- terior edge 23 of the length. Margaritana. Schum. Alas. arcuata, Bar. Alasmodonta. Say. Emended. Alas. marginata, Say. Strophitus. Raf. Emended. An undulata. Say.'° Anodonta"! Brug. An. Benedictensis, Lea. Mantle, Fringed at both siphonal open- ings. Fringed at posterior half of ventral edge, and at branch. and anal siphons. Fringed at both siphonal open- ings, having fleshy thicken- ings acd processes at post. ventral edge. Broad expansion upwards. Su- peranal opening long. Both openings fringed. Superanal opening long. Both siphonal openings fringed. Anal opening of mantle not fringed ; branchial is fringed. Branchial opening fringed. Anal opening large, not fringed. Anal opening not fringed. Anal opening not frirged. 1 Shells of New England, 1851, by Wm. Stimpson. 2 U. infucatus, Con. seems in the alcoholic specimen not to have the anal opening fringed. Also, Unio metanever, Raf. and lacrymosus, Lea. U. Berlandierii had four out Gills, *Free from abdominal sack, post. extremity attached to mantle. Eggs filling extent of outer gill. Attached to abdom’l sack. No opening between pedal and upper gill cavities. Eggs in posterior part of outer gill. Attached. Eggs in posterior part of outer gill. Attached. Eggs in posterior part of gill. Free. United to the mantle to its margin. Outer gill filled entirely with eggs. Free from abdominal sack. Post. extrem. not united to mantle. Attached to abdominal sack ;® attached also to mantle tothe extremity. Attached. Eggs received in the whole extent of outer gill. Free. Eggs throughout the gill. ?U.multiplicatus. Out of five large ones, three were attached the whole length, and two open for a short distance. of five attached; the fifth slightly open. * Rafinesque gives no anatomy. This is his generic description of the genus: ‘“ Valves very transverse or very large. Axis almost lateral.’? 5 Raf. says: ‘*Mollusc like that of Unio, but has apparent short syphons.”” ® Raf. says: ‘‘Mollase like that of Unio.” * There is no essential difference in the diagnoses of these three genera. ® Alas. rugosa, Bar. has not the anal opening fringed. * Alas. marginata. Six specimens from Mohawk River were all more or less open; some a mere point at posterior end of the foot! Eboraci; Obs. x. 55. Some attached, some not. 10 Prof. A. says: ‘‘Anal opening not fringed, but it is very minutely fringed.” Fuot. See U. Novi- Unio lzvissimus, Lea, has no papille on the anal opening. Unio Blandianus, Lea, has no papill# on the anal opening. Unio Houstonensis, Lea, has no papille. Unio verrucosus, Bar. has no papille. 4* An. Ferussaciana, Lea, has papille on the anal opening. Unio pustulosus, Lea, has no papille or crenulations on the anal opening. Unio Kleinianus, Lea, has no papille, but has slight crenulations. Unio Forsheyi, Lea, has no papille. Unio Tappanianus, Lea, has no papillz, but has slight crenulations. The very uncertain characters by which Prof. Agassiz proposed to divide this Family induced me to make notes of many species in which the anatomy did not seem to me to accord with his views. His principal character is the opening or closing of the pedal and upper gill cavities. “Gills free from abdominal sae,” and “Gills attached to abdominal sac.’ Another important character is the possession 1 Shells of New England, by W. Stimpson, p. 13. KONI SYNOPSIS OF or absence of “fringes on the siphonal openings.” I have frequently observed, in different individuals of the same species, that this condition—freedom and attachment— was found. It does not, therefore, seem to be worthy of a specific difference, much less a generic one. Thus in five large perfect specimens of U. multiplicatus' (nobis), T found three to be united the whole length of the branchia, while two were opened for a short distance.” In U. Novi-EHboract some were attached and some free. U. Berlandierii has branchie free and not free. -Alasmodonta marginata, as emended by Prof. A.: “Gills attached to abdominal sac.” Six specimens from Mohawk River, N. Y. I found to be all more or less open. As regards the generic character of Unio emended, the “mantle fringed at both siphonal openings.” I found the following Uniones without fringe (papille) on the anal opening, viz.: triangularis, cylindricus, pressus, ligamentinus, levissimus, verru- cosus, metanevra, lacrymosus, dehiscens, and some others. The following have slight crenulations on the anal opening, viz.: multiradiatus, rectus, retusus, trroratus, ovatus, purpuratus, asper, declivis. The generic character of Anodonta, “anal opening not fringed.” The An. Ferussaciana has papille on the anal opening.’ A. Oregonensis and A. fragilis have crenulations on the anal opening. Complanaria, Swain, emended: Alasmodonta rugosa, Bar. Prof. A. says: “oth siphonal openings fringed.” Specimens from Mohawk, N. Y., had not the anal opening fringed. Subsequently to the publication by Dr. Stimpson of the MS. diagnoses of Prof. Agassiz, he in Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte, in 1852, divides the “Najades” into two large groups :— First Group has exterior gills joined the whole length of the foot, having no direct communi- cation between the lower free cavity and the upper portion, as in U. Sowerbyanus, triangularis, &e. Second Group. Those which have a free communication between the cavity of the gills and the lower cavity of the belly, as in “Unio irroratus, U. lineolatus, Raf.” The genera of the First Division are:— 1. Dysnomia. Ag.. . . foliatus. Hild, and perplexus. Lea. 2. Scalenaria. Raf. (Ag.) sulcatus. Lea. 8. Truncilla. Raf. (Ag.) triangularis. Bar. and arcaformis. Lea, 4. Lampsilis. Raf.. . . radiatus. 5. Canthyria. Swain.. . spinosus. Lea. 1 Two very remarkable characters of some species of Unio seem not to have been noticed by Prof. Agassiz: rubiginosus, Kleinianus, multiplicatus, and subrotundus have all the four leaves of the branchiz pervaded by the uterus, and the first and last have red ova. * See note in Obs. vii. 40. JF Oos, =e Se THE FAMILY OF UNIONIDS. XXill for) > Hunynia. Raf. 5 . rectus, Lam; . Metaptera. Raf. . . alatus, gracilis, &c. . Alasmodonta. Say. . Alas. marginata. Say. Marg. Raveneliana. Lea. : Obovaria. Raf.. . . retusus. Lam. 10. Micromya. Ag. . . fabalis, Lea. 11. Crypogenia. Ag. . . irroratus. Lea. dromas. Lea. 12, Plasiola; Raf . . . U-securis.Mea. 13. Orthonymus. Ag.. . cylindricus. Say. 14. Tritogonio. Ag. . . tuberculatus. Bar. 15. Quadrula. Raf. . . . metanever. Raf. 16. Rotundaria. Raf. . . verrucosus. Bar. 17. Complanaria. Swain.. Al. complanata, &e. 18. Pleurobema. Raf. . . U.clava. Lam. 19. Uniopsis. Swain. . . Al. edentula. Say. 20. Margaritana. Schum., Al. arcuata. Bar." 21. Hemilastena. Raf.. . U.dehiscens. Say. oriens. Lea. 22. Unio. Retzius. . . . U.nasutus, &c. ~I co © In these generic divisions, by D’Orbigny, Troschel, and Agassiz—all founded on anatomical structure—it will be observed that they do not differ essentially in their modes of division; and I do not hesitate to express the opinion that our know- ledge of the structural differences of the soft parts of these animals is not yet suffi- ciently advanced to found a perfect or permanent system. That such a one would be instituted I have not doubted, and I so expressed myself in 1838, in a note on Anodonta Blainvilliana (nobis), in my Synopsis, 2d ed. p. 31,’ and I trust that the surviving able physiologists whom I have cited above, will continue to give their labors to an investigation which cannot but produce rich results; but I am disposed to think that, until malacologists have examined carefully the soft parts of most of 1 Prof. Agassiz says that Al. arcuata, Bar. and Marg. margaritifera, Shwm. differ, in which I do not agree with him. * Aware of the great importance of a knowledge of the soft parts of the species of this family, some of which present very different and well-marked characteristics, I have since the publication of the 2d and 3d editions given much time and laborious attention to their careful dissection and diagnoses, sometimes examining more than a hundred individuals of a species. These descriptions of the soft parts have been published in various papers in the Trans. Am. Ph. Soe. and Jl. Acad. Na. Sci., and in my Observations on the Subgenus Unio, vols. 1, 2, 6, 7, 8,9, 10,11, and 12. These descriptions consist of the Subgenus Unio, 211; Margaritana, 14; Anodonta, 26; Monocondylea, 2; Mycetopus, 1—in all, the soft parts of 254 species. Many embryonic forms, which have also had my particular attention, and which present such diverse and peculiar forms, have been described and figured by me in the Jl. Acad. Na. Sci., vols. iv. and vi., and Obs. v. 6 and 12, so far as I have been able to obtain them. Very recently I have received from Dr. F. A. Forel, of Morges, Switzerland, his very able Memoir* on the development of the Unionide. The anatomy of the embryos, with the illustrations, is worthy of great praise, and cannot fail to be appreciated as an important advance in this direction. * Beitrige zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Najaden. Wurzburg, 1867. XXLV SYNOPSIS OF the existing numerous species—the exo-skeletons' (so to call them) of which have only come under our notice—the facilities which a good system ought to afford can- not be reaped by a partial anatomical knowledge, which does not now embrace, probably, one-fifth of the ascertained species of the family. Besides this, I am not at all disposed to think that we can entirely dispense with the aid we find in the various characters of the exo-skelctons, in making our sub-groups. They often, in fact, afford striking and obvious differences, which the eye schooled with but little experience can with facility and certainty detect, and which, if happily grouped by an experienced eye, may greatly aid the student. These considerations have induced me still to retain nearly the same divisions in this which I used in the third edition, with a few additional divisions. Messrs. H. and A. Adams, in The Genera of Recent Molluses, vol. ii. 1858, adopt the following Subgenera of Unio:— Banosta. Raf. Naidea. Swain. Obovaria. Raf. Nida. Swain. Hyridella. Swain. Lampsilis. Raf. Canthyria. Swain. Iridea. Swain. Rotundaria. Raf. Quadrula. Raf. Diplodon. Spix. Dysnomia. Agass. Metaptera. Raf. In vol. iii. of the Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., p. 898, Mr. Nicklin expressed the opinion “that the seven genera, now referred to the Family of Unionide, are founded in arti- ficial distinctions, and not in nature; and that, in fact, the family contains but one genus.” In consequence of the enormous extent to which the Family Unionide is expanded, it is absolutely necessary to establish many groups and sub-groups, so as to make a systematic arrangement accessible to the student of this branch of zoology. I there- fore divide the family into two genera, Margaron’ and Platiris. The first is divided into ten subgenera, and the latter into three subgenera. These are again divided * Forming the calcareous coverings and fulera for muscular fibres, as well as protection from exterior forces. ? The entire uncertainty of the divisions of Mr. Rafinesque, or their multiplied, useless, and incom- prehensible groups, are not deemed important to insert here. Nor the synoptical tables of Mr. Conrad, which differ so much from each other, the last being founded very much on that of Rafinesque. ° In the second edition, I proposed the name of Margarita, but, this name being pre-occupied by Dr. Leach for a genus separated from Yurbo, I substituted in the third edition that of Margaron (uapyapoy, Unio). THGH Ey ASME Lys) (OsE SUeNEvOEN TD ean XXV into symphynote and non-symphynote, which groups are again divided into plicate, nodulous, spinous, suleate and smooth shells. Hach of these is subdivided into nine groups dependent on the outline of the plane of the valve, viz., into quadrate, triangular, oblique, oval, oblong, subrotund, wide, obovate, and arcuate, as in the following table :— 1 In regard to priority of claims of date, I have never considered that the old rule of dating the discovery of a species at the time it was read before a scientific society, should have been altered as it has been by many bodies of science. My experience has satisfied me that justice to the discoverer could best be rendered by retaining the old rule. In all cases I adhere to this, and date my papers in accord- ance, and accord the same to others. It is the custom with the two leading societies of Europe, the French Academy and the Royal Society, as well as the American Philosophical Society in this country, the Asiatic Society of Bengal,and others. The Report of the Committee of the British Association, Aug 1856, recommends a Catalogue of European and American Philosophical Memoirs to be made, and, where published in Transactions, the date of reading to be stated. Under the cover of the rule of printed issue, Mr. Conrad* and Mr. W. G. Binney have misstated dates of many of my species, which dates are erro- neous even under the rule of printed issue. Thus Mr. Binney, in the publications of the “Smithsonian Collections,” Bibliography of North American Conchology, Part I. 1863, gives the dates which he finds in the imprint of a volume, although he knew that parts of the volume were issued printed, perhaps years before. I therefore protest against the manifest errors which arise from such proceeding. This is in accordance with the fact that while he published in this volume the erroneous dates of Mr. Conrad’s Syn- opsis regarding my species of Unionide, he omitted my tables of rectification of these dates, which of course rendered the Bibliography incomplete and was an act of injustice to the science of the country. When the omission was pointed out by me to Prof. Henry, Sec. of the Smithsonian Institution, he kindly promised it should be remedied in an appendix. Tn the following year, when Part II. came out, in Appendix to Part II. Mr. Binney inserted a s¢mple list of little more than a page of my species without a single date! 'This list was a mere mockery, and the observation that “Mr. Lea having requested that the whole of his ‘Rectification’ should be published, I add a list of the species to which he refers in that paper, in addition to those quoted by me on p. 384, Part I.” is not the fact.— I never requested Prof. Henry to have the whole of my ‘ Rectification” published in this Bibliography; I wished only the tables of species with dates of the time read and the time issued printed, and I sent a copy marked as requested by Prof. Henry, to be so inserted. Mr. Binney had given Mr. Conrad over eight pages, double column, for his Synopsis, and to my “Rectification” four lines!! Addressing Prof. Henry on this second wrong, he requested another marked copy with the tables I wished to be inserted, and in Appendix iv. 1866, under his own name, I obtained this very slow partzal justice. * Mr. Conrad in his ‘‘ Catalogue of the Eocene and Oligocene Testacea of the United States,” in Am. Jl. of Scz., vol. i., makes some of my species synonyms to his, by dating mine in ‘‘1834,’’ while my ‘‘ Contributions to Geology”’ was on sale about the first of Dec. 1833, and has the imprint of 1833! It had an extended notice in the Jan. No. follow- ing of Silliman’s Journal. + ‘*Isend you at once the part of my ‘Rectification’ which should have been inserted to neutralize the poison of the ‘Synopsis’ of Mr. Conrad.”’—xtract of Letter of I. Lea to Prof. Henry, Noy. 20, 1863. And in my letter of Feb. 8, 1866, to Prof. Baird, who was attending to the ** Smithsonian Collections,” T said, ** You must be aware that I never requested to have my ‘ Rectification reprinted.’ It was only these important tables of facts and not the argument,’ &c. Mr. Tryon, in his excellent ‘‘ American Journal of Conchology,”’ vol. i. p. 270, commenting on these errors of dates says, ‘‘ Mr. Lea, however, immediately proved the time of publication (printed) of some of these parts of the volumes of Transactions, and, consequently, the prior date of certain of his species by evidence which has never been questioned. Yet Mr. Binney has not deemed it advisable even to mention the dates stated by Mr. Lea, exceptin regard to four species only, and thus those who in future times depend, as they certainly will, on the Bibliography, for the synonymy of these species, will be misled into the perpetration of a wrong.” G XXV1 SYNOPSIS OF 1. Subgenus Triquetra,' Having a cardinal and lateral tooth, and | Symphynote—Hyria corrugata. Lam. furnished with two siphons. | 2. Subgenus Prisodon,? | . . E de Having a cardinal and lateral tooth trans- Non Symphy note—Castalia ambigua. versely striate, and furnished with two Lam. « siphons. 3. Subgenus Unio, { Symphynote—Unio alatus. Say. Having a cardinal and lateral tooth. | Non-Symphynote—U. pictorum. Lam. 4. Subgenus Margaritana, Symphynote—A las. complanata. Barn. Having one tooth (cardinal). Non-Symphynote—Al. undulata. Say. 5. Subgenus Plagiodon, [| Non-Symphynote—Plag. isocardi- Having a double transverse cardinal tooth | oides. Lea. 6. Subgenus Monocondylea, Non-Symphynote—Mono. Paraguay- Having a simple callus. ana, D’ Orb. 7. Subgenus Dipsas, FAMILY UNIONIDA. I. GENUS MARGARON Symphynote—Dipsas plicatus. Zeach. Having a linear tooth under the dorsal margin. ‘ : 8. Subgenus Anodonta, Symphynote—An. magnifica. Zea. Having no teeth. Non Symphynote—An. fluviatilis. Dail. Non-Symphynote—Columba Blainvil- hana. Lea. Without teeth, but having an inflected palleal cicatrix. 10. Subgenus Byssanodonta,’ iz y Non-Symphynote—Byssanodonta Pa- ranensis. D’Orb. Having no teeth, but is always attached by a byssus. 9. Subgenus Columba, | ‘ Since the publication of the second edition of this Synopsis, the soft parts of Triquetra (Hyria, Lam.) have been obtained, and Mr. Gray, in the An. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vi., gives us the anatomy. “The mantle lobes of the species of this genus brought from British Guiana by Mr. Schomburegh are united together behind, and furnished with two short, separate, contractile siphons, like the animals of Tridina and Leila, though the submarginal impression of the shell does not show indications of any inflections behind.” 2 M. D’Orbigny, in his Voy. Am. Mer., vol. v. p. 597, gives a description of the soft parts of Prisodon (Castalia, Lam.). Mantle open the whole length, except at the anal region, where it is closed, and pre- sents two short distinct tubes, of which one—branchial—is larger and furnished with ciliz round its edge. Buccal appendages rounded, very large. Foot much compressed, thicker and bent behind. * This very remarkable fresh-water bivalve, Byssanodonta Paranensis, by D’Orbigny (Voy. dans THE FAMILY OF UNIONIDS. XXVIL 1. Subgenus Ivridina, Having a granulate dorsal margin, and | Non-Symphynote—I. exotica. Lam. furnished with two siphons. 2. Subgenus Spatha, VF q = Having a dorsal margin non-crenulate, Non-Symphynote—I. rubens. Desh. and furnished with two siphons. gesocbpenus) Mycetopus, Non-Symphynote—Mye. soleniformis. Having a straight, smooth, dorsal margin, D’ Orb. and furnished with a long extensile foot. l FAMILY UNIONID A. I. GENUS PLATIRIS ! After the divisions of Symphynote and Non-Symphynote shells, we have the four conditions in which the outward surface of the shell is found, viz.:— 1. Plicate.’ 4, Suleate.° 2. Nodulous.’ 5. Smooth.° 5. Spinous.* Each of these subdivisions group according to the form of their outline, thus:— 1. Quadrate.’ 6. Subrotund.” 2. Triangular.® t. Wide.* 3. Oblique.’ 8. Obovate." 4, Oval.” 9. Arcuate.” 5. Oblong.” Vv Amér. Mérid.), was observed by him in the Rio Parana above Corrientes. It resembles an Anodonta, but remains always attached by a byssus proceeding from the foot. It has anterior and posterior adductor muscles. The interior is not nacrée. The inner posterior portion is violet-brown; the anterior is white. It is attached to rocks below low-water mark. It has not been as well observed in regard to its habits and anatomy as it deserves to be. M. D’Orbigny places it among the Unionide, in which family it no doubt will be found properly to belong by its anatomical structure. Unfortunately the soft parts were destroyed before an examination was made. The genera Ltheria, Mulleria (Acosta, D’Orb.), Galatea, Cyclas, and Dreissena, also inhabit fresh water, and have their affinities. 1 Agassiz, in Nomenclator Zoologicus, changes this name to Platyiris as being more correct, but Herrmannsen, in Generum Mallacozorum, says Platiris is correct. 2 Unio plicatus. Lesueuwr. > Unio Kraussii. Lea. ’ Unio pustulosus. Lea. ® Unio complanatus. Solan. * Unio spinosus. Lea. No regard, of course, is paid in this division to the folds or undulations of the beaks, as all the spe- cies are more or less disposed to this character, which is very valuable in discriminating the species. 7 Unio asperrimus. Lea. © Unio circulus. Lea. 8 Unio triangularis. Barnes. % Unio rectus. Lam. ® Unio clavus. Lam. ™ Unio modioliformis. Lea. 2 Unio ligamentinus. Zam. * Unio crassus. Letzius. 1 Unio complanatus. Solan. XXVIil SYNOPSIS OF In regarding these outlines, the shell is supposed to be lying on its side with the ligament furthest removed from the observer, and the beak to the right of it. The base will, of course, be nearest to him, and the anterior margin will be to his right, while the posterior margin will be to his left. This is my mode of arranging my whole cabinet, which contains over 9500 specimens of this family, each differing in sex, age, some characteristic, or in geographical distribution. In attempting to make a complete synopsis of the Unionide, much labor has necessarily been expended. Ido not present this as a perfect work, but it has been made as nearly so as the opportunities in my possession permitted. Errors may have arisen from two sources: first, default of judgment; second, from accident, owing to the mass of research necessary to accomplish the object, considering the crude state the subject has been in. I shall be most agreeably disappointed if there be not parts pointed out as erroneous which are substantially correct. It will be observed that the works of M. Rafinesque are but little quoted. This has arisen from the utter impossibility of satisfying myself as to his species, causing me at an early period to abandon the task of making out his very imperfect descriptions. His own discrep- ancy in the names sent to Ferussac,' and those which are attached to specimens here, together with the want of accordance in the tables made out by his friends, have induced me to regard his claims as being too slender to rely upon the decisions, so contradictory, of the several parties, in the absence of the individual specimens noted. In the absence of these specimens, which no naturalist has, I believe, ever seen but the Professor, I feel myself compelled to prefer other authorities, which are now almost universally received by our malacologists. I am the more fortified in this conclusion, when I see that Mr. Conrad, his most ardent advocate, acknowledges that he (Rafinesque) has made six species from a single one;’ and the absurdity is still stronger when we turn to M. Rafinesque’s monograph, and find that this single species has furnished several genera, and is placed, in fact, in two different sub-families 111 How far M. Rafinesque ought to be considered worthy of authority at home and abroad may be understood by the opinions of the following distinguished writers. The late Dr. Binney, in his admirable work on “Terrestrial Mollusques of the United States,” says the papers of Rafinesque “are not deemed worthy of any con- 1 Tes erreurs involontaires qui échappent a4 M. Rafinesque dans ses envois augmentent aussi la difficulté de reconnaitre ses espéces. Nous avons regu de lui les mémes coquilles sous différents noms, et dautres avec des noms évidemment autres que ceux qu’elles portent dans sa Monographie. Il en est résulté une difficulté inextricable pour la détermination de ses especes, et pour pouvoir établir une syno- nymie exacte entre lui et les autres qui, depuis, se sont occupés des Mulettes.”— Magasin de Zoologie, 1835, Class v., Nos. 59 et 60, p. 13. 2 U.triangularis. Conrad’s Synoptical Table of New Fresh Water Shells of the United States, p. 72. HE) ACME ay, OF (UENeRO UN Dean. KOMIK sideration:” vol. i. p. 36: “that they are considered to be destitute of authority, and entirely unworthy of notice.” p. 48. Prof. Asa Gray considered Mr. R. as entirely unworthy of authority, stating that “half his genera and species do not exist at present,” and that he described in “Natural History style twelve new species of thunder and lightning.”—Am. Jl. Sc7., 1841. Deshayes, Traité B lémentaire, vol. ii. p. 198, says that Mr. R. has fallen into a deplorable excess, inspiring no confidence, giving descriptions of that which he did not know. The following note is from one of the very best of authorities among recent writers :— “Tt is much to be regretted that some modern naturalists have tried to find out and bring into use the obseure genera of Risso and the worthless fabrications of Montfort and Rafinesque, which had better have remained unknown.”— Woodward’s Rudimentary Treatise, p. 136. Did any naturalist ever believe in Mr. R.’s Tremesia patteloides, a trivalve shell of the Ohio river? (Monographie, p. 54, pl. 82, f. 22 and 24,in An. Gén. des Set. Phys. & Bruxelles, 1820) the three valves of which, with the soft parts, he describes and figures in three views without pretending to have seen it, as he stated in the Am. Monthly Mag. ; and that he described it from the information of Mr. Audubon, who, it is believed, practised some joke upon him at Louisville, as appears in Mr. Audubon’s Memoirs. In regard to the Catalogue published last year by Baron Ferussac, in which he gives precedence to many of Mr. Rafinesque’s names, it must be remembered that this has been done on the authority of others, and not from his inspection of the specimens themselves. Had he known the manner in which these claims had been brought for- ward, he certainly would have admitted them with doubt, if he admitted them at all. The observation of Prof. Agassiz in Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte, 1852, that “if the American Naturalists had followed Rafinesque’s track, instead of despising him we should have gained a good while ago a treasure of important additions to the anatomy of this family,” will surprise most students of American Natural History. I am not aware that a single cotemporary writer considered him worthy of authority or reliance of any kind. I so far disagree from Prof. Agassiz that I believe with some of our most distinguished naturalists that if Mr. Rafinesque had never written a word on the subject of American Malacology and other branches of Natural History, we should have been more advanced than we are now; for even Prof. Agassiz himself has been troubled to exhume Mr. Rafinesque’s genera, as he states in this paper that H xxx SYNOPSIS (OR Hn RANE Ye (OK TU NetOp EAT. the genera Amblema and Ellipsaria “are good for nothing,” that we can neither make use of these names nor of his Obliquaria : and further, “there are several other genera of Mr. Rafinesque’s, indeed, that I know not how to dispose of.”! If Prof. A. finds it so difficult to follow Mr. Rafinesque’s tracks, how can he blame the early American naturalists, who had so much less light than himself?’ The prejudice expressed above against “American Naturalists” is not warranted, and the whole career of the unfortunate Mr. Rafinesque in this country was not such as to excite the sympathy and the universal good feeling which existed among our early naturalists. When I commenced the study of our Fresh Water Shells I found that my predecessors, Messrs. Say and Barnes, did not credit him with a single species; they could not be satisfied of the identity of one. Other naturalists—Griffith, Hyde, Peale, Green, and Stew- art—thought three or four could be relied on, and these I adopted. I believe I was the first writer to allow him one. I studied his works faithfully, without prejudice, and certainly without profit, losing much time ineffectually. In 1836 the Ohio naturalists, Dr. Hildreth, Dr. Kirtland, Dr. Ward, Judge Tappan, Mr. Buchanan and Mr. Clark, after much consultation, made out a list for western naturalists to be finally adopted. They made out 119 species, of which they gave Mr. Rafinesque one, and that with doubt. Subsequently, when jealousies arose, Mr. Say and Mr. Conrad in 1834 published synoptical tables with the specimens of the North American Unionide before them, which it was said Mr. Rafinesque had labelled, but they could not with this light give any certainty to Mr. R.’s species, as these tables differ so much as to types and synonyms as to neutralize what their authorities might otherwise have been. The animus of Mr. Say’s synopsis may be understood in the fact that in it he did not give me a single species! while Mr. Conrad gave me twenty, and those evidently with reluctance. The first entry of Mr. Conrad’s Synopsis is U. abruptus, Say=cyclips, Raf., and calendis, Raf. Mr. Say’s Synopsis does not claim this species, nor does he enter Mr. Rafinesque’s two names at all. Mr. Conrad gives ater, Lea=lugubris, Say. Mr. Say reverses this, and makes my ater the synonym. Mr. Conrad gives cyphius, Raf.= cicatricosus, Say. While Mr. Say claims for himself cécatricosus as a type, &c. &e. 1 Prof. Leidy has been more fortunate in another line of investigation, as he has shown in ‘‘Hatinct Mammalia of North America,” p. 376; that he found, in the examination of Mr. Rafinesque’s fossil mammals that he had made three fossil genera from the bones of the common recent deer, Cervus Vir- ginianus. THE FAMILY UNIONIDA, FAMILY NAIAD ES.—Zamarek. GENUS MARGARON. I. SUBGENUS TRIQUETRA.* All the species preceded by an * are in my Cabinet. The inner column forms the Synonyms. TRIANGULAR, TRIANGULAR. *corrugata. Lam. Hyria avicularis. Lam. Child. Hyria corrugata. Lam. Sow. Chenu. Crouch. Desh. Guerin. Chenu. 4 Hyria rugosa. Cuv. < Han. ale. Hyria rosea. Lefev. Pot. = Hyria syrmatophora. Sow. Cuv. BIE Hyria transversa. Hupé. = Schom. Swain. Hupé. Han. = Tellina rosea. Bonh. = “ Unio corrugata. Blain? E Mya angulata. Wood. a E Hyria elongata?? Swain. S Unio rugosus. Wagner. Sa Hyria cordata. Menke. s Paxyodon ponderosus. Schum. ea Hyria complanata. Hupé. 5 Triplodon rugosum. Spiz. = Hyria Castelnauit. Hupé. i a Unio caudatus. Wagner. e *subviridis. ein. Unio syrmatophora. Desh. 3 Mya syrmatophora. Gronovius. Gmel. Prisodon obliquus. Schum. hi Wood. Dill. Schretb. Schrit. Diplodon furcatum. Spix. ? The shell known to zoologists generally as Hyria corrugata, Lam., was long before placed by Klein under the generic name of Triquetra (Tentamen Methodi, 1753, p. 135, Pl. 9, Fig. 36), and Ferussac adopted it, very properly, in preference to Hyria. In my former editions, I placed Hyria in the subgenus Unio, but the animal has been found to possess two syphons, which ought, with other obvious differences, to separate it from Unio (Gray, Annals of Nat. Hist., Dec. 1840). Troschel, in Wiegmann’s Archives, describes the soft parts and the cicatrices. The cicatrices in the H. corrugata, he says, differ; which is true, as in the genus Hyria there exists usually a very well marked cicatrix, which is deeply impressed, distinct, and lies over the great anterior adductor cicatrix. He also says that the Unio delphinus belongs to this genus, as well as a new shell, Hyria humilis, from Guiana, described by him. * The figure of Blainville, pl. 67, fig. 1, is evidently the smooth Triquetra, and no doubt is subviridis. ’ Mr. Gray thinks this is a “perfectly distinct species.’’ I have never seen the shell, and feel too much in doubt to insert it as such. = ( 8 TRIQUETRA. < P= = = Ss = S ISP|) 5 zm ee |e O75 aia Bie = — = > fe Zz fe) Zz f WIDE. : contorta. ea. T. lanceolata. Lea. Hyria lanceolata. Gray. Arconaia lanceolata. Con. TRIANGULAR. *Browniana. Lea. Han. Hyria humilis? Trosch.' SYMPHYNOTE TRIQUETRA. AMOOTIT. ? Referred to in Wiegmann’s Archives, 1847, from Guiana. ae PRISODON. ra Il, SUBGENUS PRISODON.’ TRIANGULAR, TRIANGULAR. *truncatus. Schum. Unio ambigua. Blain. Desh. Sow. Cast. ambigua. Lam. D Orb. Cuv. Mya ambigua. Wood. Sow. Guerin. Pot. Schum. Tetraplodon pectinatum. Spizx. Swain. Chenu. _ Cast. quadrilatera. D Orb? PLICATE, nodulosus.6 Wood. PRISODONTHS. NON-SYMPITYNOTE PRISODONTES, PLICATE Cast. inflata. DOrb. Z Mya nodulosa. Wood. Dil. Cast. turgidas Hupé. = : Chama plumbea. Mihi. Cast. retusa. Hupé. Z1e Unio plumbeus. (Imp. Cab. in Vien- Cast. acuticosta. Hupé. = na.) Cast. multisuleata. Hupé. S Cast. Castelnauit. Hupé. Z Cast. Crossiana. Hidalgos Ss |S : - Cast. cordata. Hump. H. & A. S Duprei. Recluz.6 Chenu. Adams. tess 1 Schumacher, in his Nouveau Systéme, 1817, p. 138, formed the genus Prisodon, in which he included the two now well known shells Hyria syrmatophorus and Castalia ambigua. His name for the first can- not be applied, as Klein, in 1753, preoccupied this genus by naming it Triquetra. Therefore it must be applied to Castalia, which name was given to the same shell by Lamarck in 1819. Mr. Gray, in his “Genera,” gives Schumacher priority in the name of Prisodon, in which he is perfectly correct. _ ? I owe to the kindness of M. D’Orbigny specimens of this and inflata. I regret, however, that I am compelled to differ in opinion with this distinguished naturalist, believing, as I do, that there have been as yet observed but three species of Prisodon (Lamarck’s Castalia). $JT have all these five forms of M. Hupé’s in my collection, and have always esteemed them the truncatus Schum. * T have seen no specimen, nor has M. Hidalgo given a figure; but I suspect that Crossiana is a more perfect specimen of ambigua than usual. I may, however, be entirely mistaken in this opinion. 5 In my second edition, p. 22, this shell was placed among the Uniones, with a note as to its analogues and its habitat. On my visit to Vienna in 1853, I found, in the Imperial cabinet, the right and left valves of two individuals under the name of Chama plumbea Mihlfeld, but then labelled Unio plumbeus. Having serrated teeth, it properly belongs here. See Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 6, p. 368. 6 A fine specimen is in the museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 28 UNIO. Ill. SUBGENUS UNIO.’ TRIANGULAR. TRIANGULAR. *Cumingli. Lea. *Hainesianus. Lea. Mart. Unio Cumingti. Reeve (No. 264.) Unio imperialis. More. gigas. Swain. Lea. subtrigonus. Sow? Megadomus gigas. Swain. PLICATE. *superbus. Lea. *Nicklinianus. Lea. Han. Unio macropterus’! Dunk. Unio velaris. Bens. *eximius. Lea. Mart. *oravidus. Lea. Mart. *Boykinianus. Lea. Chenu. - Unio abnormis. More. *inflatus. Lea. Kiist. Han. s *delphinulus.. More. P Symph. inflata. Lea, in Trans. Am. | © | S| mje ae E IRS 1Se BES *levissimus. Lea. Adams. Han. a Unio Alabamensis. Con. Se as Symph. levissima. Lea. Sh. & Kat. Fa Fa Swain. si *delphinus. Grun. Lea. Kiist. Chenu. 5 Unio levissima. Deshayes. re *alatus. Say. Lam. Swain. Bar. - *Myersianus. Lea. 3 Hild. Menke. Adams. Kiist. es Dekay. Potier. Deshayes. Con. Ortonii. Lea. Sow. Chenu. Han. Mya alata. Wood. Lat. *Housei. Lea. Mart. Symph. alata. Lea. Sh. & Eat. Lymnadia alata. Sow. Swain. *oracilis.6 Barnes. Hild. Desh. Han. Metaptera alata. Stimpson. (Agass. Adams. MSS.) Unio planus. Barnes. Unio fragilis. Swain. Kiist. *Heermannii. Lea. Symph. gracilis. Lea. Sh. & Eat. 1 Retzius, Nova Testaceorum Genera, 1788. * Judging from the figure of Reeves, I should think it had been taken from Marg. complanata, Barnes. * The figure is very much like that of Hainesianus, Lea, and may be a half grown specimen. ‘ Dr. Dunker received it from Danu-Luar River, Sumatra. 5 A well-characterized species from Honduras. ° Mr. Swainson’s description of fragilis appeared in his Zool. Ill., dated 1822-1823; and Mr. Barnes’s in Silliman’s Journal for April, 1823. As I do not know which really was issued first, I have preferred to give preference to Mr. Barnes’s name, by which the shell has been universally known among our con- chologists. UNIO. 99 TRIANGULAR. ( Mya plana. at. Mya gracilis. Eat. a, g > Metaptera gracilis. Stimpson. (Agass. pe heros.) Say, Am. Conch: No. 6- MSS.) LON. ; Unio atrocostatus. Reeve, No. 18. Th 3 a OVAL. Zz *oenerosus. Gould. Blan. *Hightsii. Lea. pe | 5 Spy en | CBEONG. 2 *Neislerii. Lea. = *pressus.? Lea. S) & Symph. compressa. Lea. iS ee B Valen. Hi : F Complanaria alasmodontinas Stimp- | 2 | 3 undulatus. Bar. Valen. Hild. Desh. son. (Agass. MSS.) e184 pies ee Unio compressus. Con. Adams.! S| as ene: cae Linsley. Dekay. Han. = aoe COSEGES ae al Unio plicatus. Con. Z Mya undulata. Hat. %, e) y 2 ‘ decoratus. Lea. S a QUADRATE. *perplicatus. Con. Z *atromarginatus. Lea. Chenu. Unio Pearlensis. Con. 2 1u 7 E *multiplicatus.’ Lea. Kirt. Potier. #de Sh. & EB S aes : S nio torulosus. Raf. fic . & Hat. Zz Unio prasinus. Con. A Se YC ea Unio nodiferus. Con. SUBROTUND, x* .. .. F TRIANGULAR, pustulosus. Lea. Chenu. Han. *apiculatus. Say. Con. Chenu. Han. Unio verrucosus. Bar. Var. b. Unio verrucosa. Valen. *asper. Lea. Chenu. Han. Unio verrucosus albus. Say; but not of Hildreth.® *Dorfeuillianus. Lea. Chenu. Han. Unio bullatus. Con. *stapes. Lea. Con. Chenu. Han. *spericus. Lea, *tuberosus. Lea. Chenu. *asperatus. Lea. 1 Mr. Say supposed this to be the rugosus, Barnes. Two specimens referred to by Mr. B. as rugosus were under my inspection, and proved to be—the one a flat metanevra, Rafin., the other a plicatus, Lesueur. Mr. B., in his reclamation, recognizes his rugosus as U. Peruviana, Lam., which shell is undoubtedly the plicatus, Lesueur and Say. * This variety of asperrimus I have had in my cabinet for about twenty-five years, and always regarded it as too similar in its characters to raise it to a distinct species. * This shell has been considered the female of asperrimus (nobis), but I have no doubt of its being distinct. Some of our best western naturalists think it to be the true rugosus of Barnes. * This may be found to be the male of Phillipsii Con., when the soft parts shall be examined. * Prof. Kirtland thinks this may prove only a variety of pustulosus (nobis), but I am not of that opinion. ° A specimen sent to me by Dr. Hildreth as Unio verrucosus albus, proved to be a true irroratus (nobis). 9 oF UNIO. SUBROTUND. SUBROTUND. *Kienerianus. Lea. *orandidens. Lea. *vallatus. Lea. OBLIQUE. *Ksopus. Green. Han. *turgidus. Lea. Chenu. Han. Unio cicatricosus. Con. Unio Mortoni. Con. Unio cyphius. Con. *Cooperianus. Lea. Kirtl. Han. *varicosus. Lea. Chenu. Han. Unio cicatricosus? Say. *verrucosus. Bar. Sh. d& Hat. Chenu. Unio cicatricosus. Con. Han. : : Unio tuberculata? Raf. *perplexus. Lea. Kirtl. Chenu. Han. ra Unio tuberculosa. Valen. of Unio gibbosus? ° Raf. z Unio verrucosus purpureus. Hild. Z, Unio gibbosus. Con. Kiist. (Fig. 8.) 6 ee é 0 Con: ; poh A Unio tuberculatus. Con. Zz Unio gubernaculum. Reeve. = Mya verrucosa. Fat. Pints eS w g n S = Sal 5 x ° L Br 3 Sis O18 ropinquus. Lea. Els *refulgens, Lea. SORE Pre] =) A ‘es Pa 5 = c - 5 OVAL. 2} *oraniferus. Lea. Chenu. Han. = , 5 a 2 *semigranosus. Phil. iS S Unio explicatus. More. A *pernodosus. Lea. A Sane £ Unio corium. Reeve. *irroratus. Lea. Sh. & Hat. Desh. : Han. Chenu. Leaii. Gray. Benson. Unio verrucosus albus. Hild. Unio nodulosus. Eeeve. Unio stegarius. Con. WIDE. *caperatus. Lea. ' granosus. Brug. Lam. Chenu. Han. Unio abacoides. Hald. Tridea granosa. Swain. *dromas. Lea. Han. *tuberculatus. Bar. Sh. d& Hat. Hild. Adams. Chenu. Han. *Aberti. Con. Unio pustulata. Swain. Unio Lamarckianus. Lea. Mya tuberculata. Kat. * Never having seen the specimen described by Mr. Say as cicatricosus, I am unable to decide if it be the same with varicosus (nobis). Two things mentioned by Mr. Say induce me to doubt it. He calls his “‘a common species,” and says it is “distinguishable by the single series of transverse elevations on the middle.” These remarks do not apply to varicosus, but they do to AHsopus, Green. I have always deemed it a rare shell. * Kuster figures (3) a male perplerus (nobis) as gibbosus, Raf. If his fig. 4 be taken from Mr. Con- rad’s Monog., pl. 27, fig. 2, it is a sulcatus, Lea. * Dr. Cantor, in the Annals of Nat. Hist., vol. 9, p. 489, gives the habitat of this species in Chusan and in Canton River. He also describes a Unio, under the name of divergens, being “tuberculato- plicata;” also, an Anodonta (gibbum), both from Chusan. Mr. Benson, in Journal Asiatic Soc., 1855, says that divergens is distantly related to undulatus, Bar. UNIO. 35 WIDE. { { TRIANGULAR. Novee Hollandie. Gray. Han. *Nicaraguensis.! Lea. 2| *cylindricus. Say. Sh. & Hat. Hild. *planior. Lea. 2 Han. Swain. Chenu. = 7 . ° ° * 9 3 Unio naviformis. Lam. Blain. rugososuleatus. Lea, Valen. Desh a ee Mya cylindrica. Eat. “Meredithii, Lea. TRIANGULAR. hae ; = 4 *spinosus. Lea. Chenu. Han. stramineus. Con. ke : Canthyria spinosa. Swain z . . a P *Gerhardtii. Lea, *collinus. Con. wi w *aratus. Lea. B QUADRATE. A z * — * — oe. = *Wymanii? Lea. ze Dysonii. Lea. 5 Aveia. Ben. 3 || < Ps S za |S *Caldwelli. Lea. a | & E TRIANGULAR. m | a a ee a Ftp] ] 2 SORerani seit Sm acon Es tripartitus. Lea. B Castalia suleata. Krauss. wh Y) a Z *Rowellii. Lea. A A *rubidus. Lea. melleus. Lea. S 3 *negatus. Lea. : 5 *Paramattensis. Lea. uw *Averyi. Lea. *effulgens. Lea. *encarpus. Lea. : *vittatus. Lea. *Gabbianus. Lea. ; *Syriacus. Lea. *Granadensis. Lea. OBLONG. *Hstabrookianus. Lea. *Scamnatus.. More. Unio striatissimus. Anth. Ll Unio Grundlacht. Dunk. 1 Deshayes, in Hncly. Meth. Vers., tom. ii. p. 580, No. 5. 2 Von Martens considers Wymanii to be a synonym to delodontus, Lam.; but, on a re-examination of the specimens, I am surprised at his conclusion. * Dr. Dunker, at Cassel, gave me a shell under the name of Castalia sulcata Krauss, from Surinam. But it is not a Prisodon (Castalia); for, although it has the outline and general appearance, the teeth are not striate, but granulate. It therefore belongs to the triangular Uniones, and the name of Unio sulcata being preoccupied it must be changed, which I do to that of the able discoverer, Prof. Krauss — Unio Kraussii. This species has remarkable transverse furrows like some of the species of Cyrena. * Lake Nicaragua, C. A. 5 This very distinct and interesting species is from Cacajagicara River and Taco-taco River, Cuba. It is covered with transverse furrows. 36 UNIO. OBLONG. TRIANGULAR. *Shuttleworthii. Lea. Unio formosus2 Lea. (Male.) Chenu. Unio cuneatus. Swain. Demararaensis. Lea. Mya triangularis. Hat. E persuleatus. Lea. *Waccamawensis. Lea. 5 4 *Verreauxianus. Lea. *Foremanianus. ea. Chenu. Unio velatus. Con. ea SUBROTUND. a & *Newcombianus. Lea. Z *Woodwardianus. Lea. Z. Unio sagrinatus. Sow. ZA cz: = eS *trinacrus. Lea. z plea sama 5 5 *compactus. LZ : 5 S p hb ea. ¥ a *arceeformis. Lea. Desh. Chenu. Han. | % | 2 I = a= a pay 1 2 oy = Unio necus.' Say. = *elegans3 Lea. Chenu. Han. a ts a Unio truncatus. Say Zz Leibii. Lea. 4 a A 0 4 2 *donaciformis.! Lea. Desh. Chenu. : tesserule. Lea. 2 Han. drans. Lea a a a . . 7 wi quae: *ziozag. Lea. Sh. & Hat. Desh. aes: Chenu. Han. *Berlandierii. Lea. *heterodon’ Lea. Con. Desh. Lins. TRIANGULAR. an *trianeularis. Bar. Sh. & Hat. Hild. Say. Han. *penitus.® Con. 1 Say and Conrad both commit the error of giving precedence to nerus. My description of arce- formis is in my memoir, read before the American Philosophical Society, May 20, 1831, while Mr. Say’s was first described in the Transylvania Journal, of December, 1831. Subsequently, he republished itn his American Conchology, No. 6, where he places erroneously the date of 1832 to my memoir. * Mr. Barnes’s description of triangularis was made from a female shell, and mine of formosus from the male. There being an obvious distinction of the sexes in every specimen, my error was a very natural one, as we were not at the time acquainted with the sexual differences in the Naiades. * Mr. Say thinks that Mr. Barnes’s wndulatus, Var. a, is the same with elegans. I think differently, and would fortify my opinion in the fact that Mr. B. does not mention the zigzag rays which are strikingly singular in the elegans, and could not have failed to elicit his remarks had it been under his eyes. *T have expressed my doubts, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, vol. iv. p. 84 (p. 94 in “ Observations on the Genus Unio,” &c.), if this be more than a fine variety of zigzag (nobis). Mr. Say gives it as a synonym to nervosus, Raf., and Mr. Conrad as truncata, Raf. Prof. Kirtland thinks this may be the female of zigzag. Iam disposed to think that zigzag should be considered only a variety. If the soft parts prove to be the same, then certainly zigzag is a variety of donaciformis. 5 Mr. Conrad describes a Unio (Am. JI. Sc., vy. 21, Sec. Ser., p. 172) under the name of diversus, from Shoal Creek, North Alabama, which, he says, is remarkably like heterodon in formand teeth. °I received from Judge Tait, of Alabama, in 1830, several specimens of this species, but they were not sufficiently perfect to induce me to publish them. Mr. Conrad does not mention the rays, a very peculiar character of which is their being dotted somewhat like those of securis (nobis), but in a lighter manner. NON-SYMPHYNOTE UNIONES. SMOOTH UNIO. TRIANGULAR. *compressissimus. Lea. *securis. Lea. Sh. & Hat. Desh. Chenu. Han. Unio depressa?' Raf.; but not of Lam. Unio lineolatus. Say. *abacus. Hald. *camelus2 Lea. Han. *ovatus. Say. Lam. Bar. Valen. Sh. d& Hat. Hild. Con. Kiist. Han. Unio ventricosus. Desh. Unio subovatus. Desh. Unio occidens.. Desh. Mya ovata. Hat. ¥y Aylia ovata. Swain. *dorsatus. Lea. *excavatus. Lea. Chenu. *perradiatus. Lea. *Canadensis. Lea. involutus. Bens. Blan. *satur. Lea. Chenu. *subovatus.s Lea. Chenu. Han. *erassidens.t Lam. Chenu. Han. UNIONES. 7 v) NON-SYMPHYNOTI SMOOTH. 37 TRIANGULAR, Unio cuneatus. Bar. Sh. & Eat. Hild. Unio niger? Raf. Unio niger. Con. Kiist. Mya cuneata. Eat. *inerassatus. Lea. *corvus. Lea. *macrodon. Lea. *Forbesianus. Lea. *oibber. Lea. Chenu. Han. lunifer. Bourg. *pumilus. Lea. Chenu. Han. Orbignyi. Deville and Hupé. *rubiginosus. Lea. Desh. Chenu. Han. Unio flavus. Con. Kiist. Unio cerinus. Con. Kiist. Cunicula rubiginosa. Swain. jaspideus (Mono.) Hupé.5 Lea. *striatulus. *pudicus. Lea. Lea. *aureus. *amabilis. Lea. 1 Mr. Conrad makes depressa, Raf., ellipsaria, Raf., and securis (nobis), synonymous with lineolata, Raf. Mr. Say does the same, with the exception of ellipsaria, which he considers distinct; while Mr. Rafinesque himself places lineolata and ellipsaria in different subgenera! ! *T am much disposed to think this a variety of phaseolus, Hild. his Ohio Reports. * Mr. Say makes “ventricosus, Bar., occidens (nobis), subovatus (nobis), (var), and capar, Green (var.),” synonymous with cardium, Raf. In my opinion, they form at least three, perhaps four, distinct species. * Crassidens, Var. a, Lam., is trapezoides (nobis). Dr. Kirtland considers it such in °M. Hupé says it is Alasmodonta, but I suspect it to be Monocondylea. 10 38 UNIO. TRIANGULAR. TRIANGULAR. habetatus. Con. *Riddellii. Lea. *succissus. Lea. *Chunii. Lea. *olandaceus. Lea. *irrasus, Lea. *Bigbyensis. Lea. Chenu. *Rajahensis. Lea. Chenu. Blan. *fayvosus. Lea. *favidens. Ben. Blan. *maculatus.! Con. stabilis. Lea. Is f Is *] Bs *Barnesianus. Lea. Chenu. Han. a abs oneteinatsb IB = e epoorensis. Lea. Blan. = *verus. Lea. 3 Nagpoore IS || ie ys Oj8s O}6 6 = z18 ; z)s eyrenoides, Phili. alc * z yy ie! | cuneolus. Lea. Chenu. at its = : . a . : is *Holstonensis. Lea. Chenu. a *Clinchensis. Lea. Rn a Z Ss iS) *tumescens. Lea. > A *personatus. Say. Unio pileus. Lea. Han. *fulgidus. Lea. Unio capillaris. Lea. (female.) *Hartmanianus. Lea. *Stewardsonu. Lea. *Taitianus. Lea. *biemarginatus. Lea. é *solidus. Lea. Chenu. Han. *Sowerbianus2 Lea. Con. Kiist. Han. : *obliquus. Lam. Menke. Han. *Othealoogensis. Lea. Unio undatus. Bar. Hild. Kiist. Unio trigonus.s Say. Con.; not of *trigonus. Lea. Chenu. Han. Lea. 1 Perfect specimens of Unio Ravenelianus (nobis) look so much like maculatus, that I am disposed to think, when many specimens of both are examined, they will prove to be the same species. Ravenelianus has precedence. 2 See note on Haysianus, Lea, p. 41. * Say and Conrad both give trigonus (nobis) as a synonym to wndatus, Barnes. It is difficult for me to understand why they should not at once, on comparison, be recognized as different species. The trigonus is always more angular on the umbonial slope, and the undulations at the tips of the beaks differ. This may be observed particularly in the young and perfect specimens. If a doubt could be admitted as to the difference of the form of the shell, the color of the animal in ¢rigonus would at once settle the question. It is peculiar, being red. Some years since, when I described this species, I deposited a specimen in the Academy of Natural Sciences of this city, with its proper name appended. Subsequently, I found the Academy had prefixed the name of wndatus, Barnes, to the label. There is not a doubt as to its being specifically different. UNIO. 39 TRIANGULAR. TRIANGULAR. Unio mytiloides. Sh. & Eat. Uniopsis mytiloides. Swain. Unio undulatus. Desh. Unio cordatus? Raf. OBLIQUE. Unio cordatus. Con. Kiist. *Troostii. Lea. Han. Unio caridiacea. Guerin. Unio trabalis. Con. Mya undata. Eat. *trossulus. Lea. *plenus. Lea. n al lenic B ; * a epidus. (ould. A *pyramidatus. Lea. Kiist. Chenu. Z z, L. MN. Zz een. 2 ae 1 a : Raf 5 *Toris. Fer. - nio rubra? af. = aa et Bl aes aie dh el | c Unio Tigridis. Bourg. Bs Unio mytiloides. Con. S Js BIS Ini } ; A|s Ss Ba Unio cardiacea. Desh. Bela £Pach Lew es = a a *Bournianus. Lea. Chenu. eal , aes , a f *terminalis.2? Bourg. Mouss. Trist. S : > Z *Edearianus, Lea. Chenu. A : *tumidulus. ea. *Mooresianus. Lea. cor. Con. Han. *mytiloides.’ Raf. Swain; not of Desh. truncatus. Swain. Han. Unio triangularis. Con. Unio rubra. Con. *Boureuienatianus. Lea. fo) fo) Unio caridiacea. Con. Mya obliqua. Wood. *dionatus. Lea. 1Tt is a matter of great doubt if this name ought to be admitted at all in this table. It was applied, many years since, by the naturalists of this city, without reference to any particular specimen, but, as it now appears nearly certain, incorrectly. Dr. Ward says the description and outline would “equally well apply to six or eight different species.” The difliculty of recognizing Mr. Rafinesque’s species is well illustrated in this one. Mr. Conrad, in New Fresh Water Shells U. S., considers triangularis, Raf., as the type, and gives the following names of the same author as synonyms, Viz., lateralis, sintoxia, pachostea, mytiloides, and rubra; thus charging him with making six species of one. But, what is still more extraordinary, this single species (agreeably to Mr. Conrad’s synonyms) is not only divided by Mr. R. into different subgenera, but into different genera, and even into TWO DIFFERENT SUB-FAMILIES! | See New Fresh Water Shells of the United States, p. 72, and Mr. Rafinesque’s Monographie. In Mr. Say’s Synonymy, triangularis, Raf., is considered to be the same as ellipsis (nobis)! Deshayes described a different shell under the name of mytiloides. (Ency. Meth., p. 249, Fig. 4.) I doubt from this figure if it be not a complanatus. We certainly have in our rivers, occasionally, specimens of this protean species yery closely resembling this figure. M. Deshayes’s figure has some resemblance to an imperfect Batavus. The habitat is not known. The confusion is increased by Mr. Conrad’s subsequent attempt at correction. In Monography, 1836, he makes mytiloides a type, and puts rubra, Raf., pyramidatus, Lea, and caridiacea, Guérin, as synonyms. Subsequently, in Synopsis of 1853, mytiloides and triangularis are both dismissed as types, and the former made synonym to clava, Lam., while the latter is made synonym to triqueter, Raf.!! ? Mr. Tristam, in Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 543, says he thinks that terminalis and Jordanicus, Bourg. are the same, and that dignatus (nobis) seems to him to be identical with terminalis, but I doubt it. 40 UNIO. OBLIQUE. OBLIQUE. *bulbosus. Lea. *Murrayensis. Lea. *Hanleyianus. Lea. *oviformis. Con. *flavidulus. Lea. *argenteus. Lea. Chenu. *pallidofulvus. Lea. *pyriformis. Lea. *interventus. Lea. *castus. Lea. *decisus. Lea. Con. Kiist. Chenu. *Ravenelianus. Lea. Han. wh Han. Z Unio rudis. Con. Bp B z E z *crebrivittatus. Lea. Z ravistellus. ore. 5 3 5 3 foo) 3 E = *consanguineus. Lea. = |e *modicus. Lea. zs Prof. Krauss informs me that he thinks this is only the young of his Caffer. But not having seen each other’s specimens, there remains at least a doubt of it. ‘This and the previous species are very much like Batavus, and may prove only well-marked varie- ties. The species in Algeria seems to be very much the same with those of the opposite side of the Mediterranean in France and Spain. The land shells vary little in species, but the species are finer and larger in Algeria. * Never having seen this shell, I place it here on the authority of Mr. Gray.—See his figure in Grif- fith’s Cuvier, vol. xii. OVAL. OVAL. *fabalis! Lea. Chenu. Han. *Bealei. Lea. Unio capillus. Say, Transylvania Journal, vol. v. *Haleianus. Lea. Chenu. Unio lapillus. Say, Am. Conch. No. A wi ie *“nigerrimus. Lea. wee *paulus. Lea. Chenu. minor. Lea. . * 3 -* Y sepeinus. Lea. glans3 Lea. Kiist. Chenu. Con. ae Han. = *Cromwellii. Lea. Z : Ss involutus. Hanley. Reeve. *parvus. Bar. Sh.d& Hat. Con. Phili. | = *nux. Lea. Kiist. Adams. Han. E SMOOTH. NON-SYMPHYNOTE UNIONES. SMOOTH Z Sea Hat. 2 *cinnamomicus. Lea. *corvunculus. Lea. 2 a *Brumbyanus. Lea. *marginis. Lea. S *concolor. Lea. *oermanus. Lea. *moestus. Lea. Chenu. *oranulatus.? Lea. *pullus. Con. *cylindrellus. Lea. *divaricatus. Lea. Von Mar. Han. *Texasensis. Lea. *Petterianus? iist.! *Bairdianus. Lea. | Unio carneus. Kiist. 1 Say and Conrad both, in their catalogues, give precedence to lapillus. Fabalis is in my Memoir read before the Am. Philos. Soc., May 7, 1830, and inserted in the Transactions; capillus was first inserted in the December number (1831) of the Transylvania Journal, and subsequently in the Amer. Conch., No. 5 (August, 1832), under the name of lapillus. Mr. Say does not mention why he changed the name on redescription. I should prefer the first, as a more descriptive name, were I to choose between the two. * 2 Probably a marked variety of germanus, Lea. 8 Mr. Say doubts if the glans be not the same with parvus. I do not see how there can be any difficulty in distinguishing them. The glans is a much heavier shell, and the nacre of all the specimens I have seen is more or less purple, while that of parvus is always, I believe, white. Among many hundred specimens which have come under my notice, I have never seen one of any other color. The texture of the nacre is also totally different, the latter being more pearly than any other of our Uniones. In the epidermis and beaks they also differ essentially. Mr. Conrad describes and figures U. glans, Lea, in Monog., p. 21; but the figure is evidently not glans. It is very like some of the varieties of U. obscurus, Lea. * U. Petterianus and U. carneus were sent to me by Dr. Vandembusch, of Bremen, as distinct species. I believe the latter to be the old of the former, thrown out of its normal form by much erosion at the beaks. They are from Montenegro, and may prove to be only a variety of Unio Batavus. See Kuster’s edition of Martini, Pl. 26, Fig. 4. 13 NON-SYMPHYNOTE UNIONES. looked in the formation of his catalogue. SMOOTH. UNIO. OVAL. *faba. .D’Orb. Han. *ineptus. Lea. *Wynegungaensis. Lea. Blan. *Burroughianus. Lea. D’Orb. Hupé. Von Mart. Han. *vestitus. Lea. *Wheatleyanus. Lea. Lea. *rudus. *Tecomatensis. Lea. Han. d. Busch. *discus Lea. Chenu. Unio Panacoensis. V. Phili. Unio Mexicanus. Sow. Reeve. *simus. Lea. Chenu. Han. *plancus. Lea. multidentatus. Phil’. Caill. Fer. Desh. Potier. Chenu. Forkaél. Zieg. Phili. *Niloticus. Menke. Mya pictorum. Unio pumilis. Unio Pareysst. Han. NON-SYMPHYNOTE UNIONES. L SMOOTH, OVAL. corbis. Benson. Blan. *Egyptiacus. Caill. Fer. Desh. tier, H. Adams. Han. Unio eucyphus. Bourg. Guadechaudii. Hyd. Blan. *Bonneaudi.s Hyd. Blan. OBLONG. Chenu. Han. Con. *brevidens. Lea. Unio interruptus. *tetralasmus.* Say. Desh. Con. Han. *trifidus. Lea. *camptodon.> Unio declivis.® Con. Unio Sayit. Tappan. Unio electrinus. Reeve. Unio rhomboideus. Dr. Ward’s MSS. Unio subcroceus. Con. Say. Han. Con. Lea. *Columbensis. Jamesianus. Lea. Han. Con. *obesus. Lea. Unio rivularis. *Bissellianus. Lea. * Unio discus is found in Moctizuma River, Central America, and occurs white, and beautifully salmon color, as well as purple. 2 Very like U. Niloticus, Fer., and may be only a variety. * JT am very much inclined to think Bonneaudii will prove to be the same with Niloticus. * Tetralasmus will, I think, prove to be a large and perfect camptodon, Say. ® This fine shell, as well as tetralasmus, both of which are Mr. Say’s, seem to have been over- They are described in his Amer. Conchology. I have never seen the shell he calls ¢etralasmus—they may possibly prove to be the same. ° The shell in the Academy of Nat. Sci., described and figured by Mr. Conrad, in his Monography, p- 45, as declivis, Say, I consider to be a middle-aged camptodon, Say. This, however, is not the opinion of all our conchologists. description of declivis is found in some of the tributaries of the Scioto River. Professor Kirtland, in his Ohio Report, says that a shell answering Say’s This is the shell since described by Judge Tappon as U. Sayii, but which I have always believed to be camptodon. UNIO. 51 OBLONG. OBLONG. *Jewettii. Lea. *Roswellensis. Lea. *squalidus. Lea. *Postellii. Lea. . *, q q 1 ePawensis. “Led, exolescens.1 Gould. Blan. *hebes. Lea. Prusii. Bourg. : *Peouensis. Anth. *quadrilaterus. Lea. *jejunus. Lea. Chenu. Han. *indefinitus. Lea. *complanatus. Solan. Lea. Gould. *Hopetonensis. Lea. Chenu. Adams. Han. Linsley. Dekay. Stimpson. Migh. Gerst. Mya complanata. Soland. Dill. ra *fraternus. Lea. a z Z Mya rigida. Wood. = = ° rs Mya purpurea. Fat. iS *Cuvierianus. Lea. a BNE: a = Unio violaceus. Spengler. & |e e |e Unio purpureus? Say. Bar. Con. 518} *Charlottensis. Lea. Eye pe age y Se Sas Unio rarisuleata. Lam. Menke. = a Unio coarctata. Lam. Menke. * : =I ; me Savannahensis, Lea. - Unio purpurascens. Lam. Desh’ z Zz Menke. Potier. Z *Weldonensis. Lea. Zz Unio rhombula. Lam. : Unio carinifera. Lam. *Gastonensis. Lea. Unio Georgina. Lam. Unio glabrata Lam. *humerosus. Lea. Unio suleidens. Lam. Chenu. Unio fluviatilis. Green. *nubilus. Lea. Unio tortuosus. Sow. Reeve. *Mecklenbergensis. Lea. *Northamptonensis. Lea. *Baldwinensis. Lea. *percoarctatus. Lea. *Roanokensis. Lea. Ohenu. Han. *squameus. Lea. *macer. Lea. planilaterus. Con. *Neusensis. Lea. *inusitatus. Lea. 1] think this is the shell which Mr. Conrad figures in the Jl. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 2, pl. 26, f. 6, but which he considered as a U. complanatus. * Mr. Conrad is wrong, in his “Synoptical Table,” in giving Mr. Say’s name precedence, making complanatus a synonym. * Deshayes, in Ency. Meth. Vers., t. 2, p. 381, No. 9. NON-SYMPHYNOTE UNIONES. OBLONG. *cicur. Lea. *cistelleformis. Lea. *Orontesensis. Lea. *Livingstonensis. *Hallenbeckii. Lea. %errans, Lea. *Damascensis. Lea. *vicinus. Lea. *virens. Lea. *opacus. Lea. SMOOTH. *viridicatus. Lea. *fumatus. Lea. *rostrum. Lea. *hepaticus. Lea. *subniger. Lea. *equatus. Lea. *subflavus. Lea. *similis. Lea. *nigellus. Lea. *denigratus. Lea. *Catawbensis. Lea. UNIO. Ss. = y UNIONI x y) NON-SYMPHYNOTE SMOOTH. { OBLONG. *Raéensis. Lea. *salebrosus. Lea. *Uharéensis. Lea. *viridans. Lea. *subinflatus. Con. *Abbevillensis. Lea. *Raleighensis. Lea. *Beaverensis. Lea. *aberrans. Lea. *Orphaensis. Lea. cultelliformis.! (Con. Unio depressus. *symmetricus. Lea. limatulus. Con. *Buddianus. Lea. Ad. & An. Stuarti. *lutulentus. Gould. *Griffthianus. Lea. *mediocris. Lea. Rossm. *Valentinus. Zelebori. Frauwn. Con. Not Lam. Han. Bourg. 1 Unio cultelliformis is described as coming from Australia. of complanatus, that I am induced to believe that some error of locality must have occurred. ‘ above. It is so much like one of our varieties In a sub- sequent paper (Jl. A. N.8., v. 2, p. 295), Mr. Conrad makes cultelliformis a synonym to U. depressus, Lam., which he also describes and figures, pl. 26, f.2; but I think that culfelliformis should rather be considered a synonym to complanatus, if it be not a true species, of which I have expressed a doubt NON-SYMPHYNOTE UNIONES. de la Coquille. think that the two are the same. Bremen, was labelled U. Chiloensis, Philippi. I think it will prove to be a distinct species. necessary to change Mr. Conrad’s name, which I do, to that of the river in which it was found. SMOOTH. OBLONG. Mexicanus. Phili. *ampullaceus. Lea. *mutabilis. Lea. *thiops. Lea. *quratus. Swain. Nitia aurata. Swain. Unio obtusa Fer? Unio depressus. D’Orb. Unio Chiloensis. Philis Unio Gassiesii. Grat. Unio fragilis. Swain. *atratus. Sow. Han. Nita atrata. Swain. Nida fragilis. Swain. Unio auratus. Phili. Unio Chilensis. Gray. Unio Moline. Phili. *lepidior.t Lea. Unio lepidus. Lea. *Casablancee. Phili' *Araucanus. Phili. *confertus. Lea. Han. ae *Igoubris. Lea. Han. *piceus. Lea. UNIO. NON-SYMPHYNOTE UNIONES. OBLONG, *insulsus. Lea. *obnubilus. Lea. *Geddingsianus. Lea. *similis, Lea. *tetricus. Lea. *Wohiteianus. Lea. *Kullethensis. ~ Zea. *Mardinensis. Lea. *fuliginosus. Lea. *pahatus. Ravenel’s Letter. *Strebelii. Lea. *camelopardilis. Lea. *Tuomeyi. Lea. *Chathamensis. Lea. *tortivus. Lea. Chenu. *purpurellus. Lea. occidentalis. Con. Watereensis. Lea. Unio Raveneli® Con. Chenu. a ve 1 Fide D’Orbigny, Mag. de Zoology, 1835. * D’Orbigny says this is the depressus of Lesson, and figured and described by Lesson in the Voyage Now the description of Lamarck answers to the figure of Lesson, and I am disposed to I do not know where Ferussae described obtusa. 8 A specimen of U. auratus from Chiloe, South America, sent to me by Dr. Vandembusch from * Lepidus being preoccupied by Dr. Gould for a Florida species, I propose lepidior for my species. * An authentic specimen was given to me by Dr. Dunker in Cassel, and although very close to atratus, ° Prof. Ravenel’s name being previously used for a Unio (Amer. Phil. Soc. Trans., vol. v.), it becomes 14 { { OBLONG. *fulvus. Lea. Han. Unio icterinus. Con. *rufusculus. Lea. *Gibbesianus. Lea. *sordidus. Lea. *Dariensis. Lea. Chenu. *merus. Led. *Charruanus.! D’Ord. *neclectus. Lea. *subplanus. Con. NON-SYMPHYNOTE UNIONES. SMOOTH *manubius. Gould? *declivis. Say. Desh. Kiist. Unio geometricus.s Lea. Unio excultus. Con. *paludicolus. Gould. *Blandingianus. Lea. Kiist. Unio rivicolus. Con. *quadratus. Lea. *Congarzeus. Lea. Chenu. rhuacoicus. D’Orb. Von Mar. UNIO. NON-SYMPHYNOTE UNIONES. TTan. SMOOTH. OBLONG, *depressus. Lam. Less. Chenu. Kiist. Han. Unio Balonnensis.4 Con. Unio ambiguus. Phil. Unio profugus. Could. Unio Angasi. Reeve. (No. 282.)° angustus. Lam. Han. *cacao. Lea. *modestus. er. *suavidicus. Lea. famelicus. Gould. *Couchianus. Lea. *litoralis. Drap. Lam. Mill. Pfeif. Rossm® Des Moul. Grat. Brard. Desh. Cuv. Maton and Racket. Bouil. Gras. Bronn. More. Mer- met. Gassies. Goupil. Dupuy. Puton. Potter. Graells. Mouss. Han. Caill. Unio crassus. Nil. Philti. Menke. Rossm. Mog. Unio brevialis. Lam. Unio nana. Lam. Dup. Bourg. Unio subtetragona. Mich. Dup. Merm. Graells. Gras. Unio ineurvus. Lea. Chenu. Unio Pianensis. Farines. Dup. Graells. Unio granosus. Schum. 1 The two specimens sent to me by M. D’Orbigny are much smaller than the adult figured by him in Voy. Am. Mer., and although very like delodontus, Lam., are different in outline and in some minor characters. 2 am disposed to believe that this is only a variety of declivis, Say. I have specimens from Texas which indicate this. *J do not find this or declivis in Mr. Say’s Synonymy. He has, however, priority. ‘Ina subsequent paper, Jl. A. N. S., vol. ii. p. 295, Mr. Conrad says that, in referring the shell to depressus, Lam., I have committed “an oversight.” I do not admit this, but consider myself to be cor- rect, having long had a specimen of U. depressus in my possession, and having seen it frequently in various cabinets in Europe. 5 Mr. Reeve cites my MS. for this name. T have no recollection of it. ® Rossmiissler, Iconographie, vol. iii. p. 36, describes a variety under the name of wmbonatus. UNIO. 55 { OBLONG. { SUBROTUND. Unio brunneus. Bonhomme. Masoni. Con. WNiist. Han. Unio Woolwichit. Morelet. * 14 Unio cwneatus. Jacq. rotundatus. Lam. Han. MPL Vileninus.. Rosse ee sila elae Lam. Blain. Unio Astierianus. Dup. Grat. Unio glebulus? Say. Unio wmbonatus, Bourg. Unio subglobosus. Lea. nio rhomboideus. Mog. ; . . & Unio r q L *Chickasawhensis. Lea. 5 Mysca ovata?! Turt. Ee S Mya rhomboidea. Schr. Bourg. = *pauperculus. Lea. iS a to = | ; | SUBROTUND. ue *petrinus. Gould. 54138 *circulus. Lea. Sh. & Hat. Desh. Vee om ; ao \s a | 2 *Houstonensis. Lea. |e Chenu. Han. = a a = ; : is Mya rotunda? Wood. Ss *Paranensis. Lea. D’Orb. Han. me Rh Unio Solist fo ea ; Inio Solisiana (junior). D’Orb. A *lens.2 Lea. Chenu. -Han. a GQ ) =, = 2 f (4 $ Unio depygis. Con. _ *pereformis. Lea. *Beadleianus. Lea. *disculus. Lea. *Showalterii. Lea. *bulloides. Lea. *unicolor. Lea. *funebralis. Lea. rubellus. Con. Han. membranaceus.! Jat. Han. 1 Turton’s figure seems to me to be an elongate variety of littoralis, analogous to that which I described, in error, under the name of incurvus. But Forbes and Hanley say that littoralis does not now exist in the waters of Great Britain, and is only found there in the Pliocene formation, in a fossil state. If this be so, then Turton’s figure must be erroneously given. 2 T have some doubts whether this should be considered more than a variety of circulus. I am not, however, sure that it is not distinct. 8 Although Mr. Say had published this shell in the Transylvania Journal, and in his Am. Conchology, he omitted it altogether in his Synonymy. He inserted other species from the vicinity of New Orleans. *T formerly placed this with the Anodontx, but D’Orbigny, who has seen the shell in its native waters, having placed it among the Uniones, I follow him, never myself haying seen the shell. The figure of Dr. Maton (Linn. Trans., vol. x.) is without teeth, and the text says expressly “cardo edentulus.” Notwith- standing this, I am inclined to believe that D’Orbigny is right, for the form of the shell is such as I have not seen in the Anodonte. Not knowing what induced M. D’Orbigny to change Dr. Maton’s name, I have restored it. (Since this note was published, M. D’Orbigny, in his Voy. Am. Mer., has come to a different conclu- sion as regards Mytilus membranacea, Mat. He now thinks that my Anodonta lato-marginata is the same - with membranacea, but I do not think that Maton’s figure can be referred to lato-marginata, even sup- posing the figure of membranacea made by Maton to be from a young specimen. The outline is not the same, membranacea being much more rotund, and the very great difference of solidity must have its influence in our decision; lato-marginata being one of the thickest of the Anodontz. M. D’Orbigny, in Mag. de Zool., 1835, gives Mya membranacea as a synonym to Unio Matoniana, and says the teeth are thin; but he ought to have cited it as Mytilus, as Maton does not give Mya membranacea, but Mytilus membranacea. M. D’Orbigny places it now among the Anodontx, and restores Maton’s specific name of membranacea, and considers my lato-marginata as a synonym. It does not appear to me, from the description and figure, that they can be the same.) 56 UNIO. SUBROTUND. SUBROTUND. Myt. membranacea. Mat. *Lesueurianus. Lea. Chenu. Unio Matoniana. D’Orb. Unio subtrapezius (junior). Phil. *Lyonu. Lea. Unio membranaceus. Phili. *Lewisil. Lea. *variabilis. Mat. Han. D’Orb. Mya variabilis Mat. Wood. Diil. *nucleopsis. Con. # 4 Sag 7 ‘ rotundus. Spiz. Mori. HAluloidese Wien. Diplodon rotundus. Spizx. g g *Kirtlandianus Lea. H 5 rae a = *Wirtlandianus. ed. an. 2 Fontainianus? D’Orb. Hupé. 5 z Z . = Evansi. Ad. d& An. Reeve. | || *patelloides. Lea. alae E : 5 | § 2 Je os * & |e *pilaris. Lea. Chenu a | 2 *nocturnus. Lea. oe [gus : te a a S si : % *oratus, Lea. i *dollabelloides. Lea. Chenu. x, . Z © ) A 5) “ Zz m -, *retusus.? Lam. Con. Menke. Kiist. Thorntonii. Lea. Han. Unio torsa. Raf. Sh. & Eat. Potier. *subrotundus. Lea. Chenu. Han. Chenu. Unio politus?’ Say. Kiist. Unio obtusa’ Cuvier. Unio brevialis? Crouch. Unio cordatus (female). Hiist. Unio politus. Con. Unio cicatricosus. Reeve, Sp. 50. *ebenus. Lea. Chenu. Han. Unio mytiloides. Con.; not Raf. *eoecineus. Lea. Chenu. Han. Unio obliquus. Con. Kiist. Unio coceineus. Dr, Hildreth’s Letter. L Unio Gouldianus. Ward. Unio coecineus. Con. 1The figure of this shell in the Lin. Soc. Trans., vol. x., although so much smaller a shell than Paranensis (nobis), is so much like it that I should not be surprised if they should prove to be the same. Lamarck considered this to be the same with his Hyria corrugata; but it is very different. (Since the publication of this note, I have received, from M. Moricand, a suite of specimens of Paranensis, which indicate, unquestionably, a distinct species. The beaks of rofundus, Wag., have not the strong folds’on them, while the Paranensis has many elevated radiations from the beaks. The outline too of the former is more orbicular.) * M. Deshayes thinks this is incurvus, Say. I do not know where Mr. Say published a shell under that name. *In the recent edition of Cuvier Reg. An., by his pupils, there is a beautiful figure of U. retusus, Lam., under the name of U. obtusa, Say. I am not aware that Mr. Say described a Unio under that name. The refusus, Lam., is a common, well-known, and perfectly distinct species. ‘ Prof. Kirtland, in his Ohio Report, expresses his opinion of this being only a very flat variety of subrotundus (nobis). °> Mr. Conrad cites Mr. Say’s table of synonymy for politus, but I am not aware of Mr. 8. ever having described it. UNIO. 57 SUBROTUND. f { WIDE. Unio catillus* Con. Kiist. Unio leprosus. Miles. Unio cuneus? Con. Mya prelonga. Wood. Eat. Ligumia recta. Swain. ornatus. Lea. Eurynea prelonga. Stimpson. eS aad *semirugatus. Lam. Menke. Chenu. (Agass. MSS.) : Scere mEecnensis. lied: strigosus. Lea. Chenu. yi aaa Z perstriatus. Lea. é Shepardianus. Lea. Con. Kiist. 5 ne ie z Chenu. Han. A = = *Poeyanus. Lea. = wi, } = —_ BIE Bensonii.” Lea. Sane ge \s An. soleniformis. Ben. Seip *Popeil. Lea. n coy Lh = Spatha soleniformis. Ben. (In lit.) By = = *angustatus. Lea. Con. Chenu. Han. m . isp) Duttonianus. Lea. Chenu. z : a *sublatus. Lea. Z Z *folliculatus. Lea. Chenu. Han. a *latus. Lea. *rectus. Lam. Sh. & Hat. Swain. iy : *verutus. Lea. Adams. Han. Dekay. Potier. Keiist. Chenu. . *Ocmulgéensis. Lea. Unio prelongus. Barn, Hild. Unio arquatus? Con. *dactylus. Lea. Chenu. Unio recta. Valen. Unio Sageri* Con. *lanceolatus.® Lea. Chenu. Desh. Han. ? The late Dr. R. E. Griffith had in his collection a shell marked catillus, he thought by Mr. Conrad himself, but which I think was only a variety of obliquus, Lam.; certainly it is not the species figured by Mr. Conrad. In a letter from Dr. Ward in 1836, he says, “U. catillus runs into coccineus, so that Mr. Conrad would be puzzled to part the species in my collection. They are only varieties of the same species.” * A single old valve (diam. .7, length 1.5, breadth .6 inches) was submitted to me, with a complete young specimen 2.3 inches wide, by W. H. Benson, Esq., of London. The old valve is imperfect along the dorsal margin, but still there may be observed imperfect cardinal and lateral teeth. In the young specimen, the lateral teeth, while being very delicate and circular, are perfectly well defined, being double in the left and single in the right valve. As Mr. Benson’s name (soleniformis, Jl. Asiatic Sec., vol. y., p. 750, 1836) has already been used for a Unio, I propose Bensonii for it in honor of the discoverer, who has done so much for the Natural History of the East of Asia. 5 J have a deformed rectus so exactly like the figure given by Mr. Conrad that I cannot help thinking they are the same. * Mr. Conrad’s figure so nearly resembles the male specimens of U. rectus, from Green Bay, in my cabinet, that I am persuaded the Sager? will not prove to be a distinct species. Drs. Kirtland and Ward, and Judge Tappan, consider it a variety of gibbosus of Barnes. In Mr. Conrad’s Synopsis (1852) he seems to have abandoned the name, as he has not inserted it there. ; ° M. Deshayes (2d edit. Lamarck) doubts if lanceolatus be not the young of anodontoides, “of Say.” (Anodontoides was not described by Mr. Say, but by myself.) The first has been found only in the waters east of the Alleghany Mountains, the last only in the western waters. There cannot be a doubt of their being distinct species. In size they differ altogether. 15 38 UNIO. { WIDE. WIDE. | *yiridulus. Lea. Unio ovalis. Retz. Flem. Sow. Villa. Brown. Gray. Caill. *=anodontoides. Lea. Airil. Chenu. Mya ovalis. Monta. Adams. Han. : Mya ovata. Don. Mat. Wood. Di U1. Unio teres? Raf. Mya depressa. Don. Unio teres. Con. Mysea solida. Turt. Mysca ovata. Swain. , *rasus. Lea. Unio nodulosa. Lam. Menke. Unio Michaudiana? Des Moul. Dup. z =parallelopipedon. Lea. D'Orb. Han. - Unio ovata. Studer. Bouil. Me = < Fitz. z *acutirostris, Lea. = Unio rostrata. Stud. ae *platyrhynchus.' Rossm. Schmidt. SJE Hi ae : nis = 1 ; : Sie nio solida. Villa. E | Potier. Por. Villa. Han. a = Unio iene: Bek = gen = % “Gationdy eae Tania a *pictorums Retz. Speng. Lam. Cuv. z Unio lithophagus. Zieg. z : eh = z Unio teretiuseulus. Phili. z Mall. | Efeq- ra 3 : Blain. Crouch. Flem. Des Ma tn alictaras tien Grat. Bouil. Menke. Nils. Ste Brard. Brown. Puton. Desh. 4 *sagittarius. Lea. Von Mart. tier. Por. Dup. Klees. Merm. Kiist. Alder. Graells. Villa *tumidus? Retz.-Speng. Schum. Nils. Forbes. Schmidt. Rossm. Guer Pyej. Villa. Rossm. Brown. Morelet. Gras. Goupil. Bor Menke. Stein. Put. Potier. Dup. Schrenk. Fisch. L. Waard. Forbes. Mouss. Fitz. Han. Mog. Midd. Gras. Gerst. H. &) Caill. l Adams. Mog. Han. Caill. ? This is a curious and very interesting shell which I received from Vienna. Its habitat is Caryn It may be only a remarkable variety of pictorum, Retz. Such is the opinion of some of the German malacologists. a * The tumidus, Retzius, is, I think, without doubt, the same as ovalis, Retzius, and other European authors. But, Retzius having described tumidus before ovalis, the former name must take priority. Prof. Mousson gave me in Zurich a specimen of this species, which, he says, came from Java. * The well-known Unio pictorum of European authors, so widely distributed throughout that qua of the globe, has been the fruitful source of trouble and perplexity to naturalists who have studied tl i branch of Malacology. I have seen no reason to change my opinion, since the publication of the Is edition of this Synopsis, as to the synonymy, which, unfortunately, is still going on to increase, to # great embarrassment and injury of this branch of the science. I am well aware that some able wri in Europe have endeavored to stem this tendency to multiply so dreadful a synonymy, such as U. pic rum and An. cygnea present; and I find in the admirable work of Forbes and Hanley (now neat finished), on the Malacology of Great Britain, ideas which are so entirely parallel with my own, that cannot refrain from making the following extract. They say they “do not observe in Rossmaess figures of continental forms of this polymorphal shell, any of which our islands do not exhibit a ne analogous representation. If a certain platitude of language be demanded in a description of preceding species, far more requisite is it that our diagnosis of the present one should be sufficiently exclusive,” p. 144. (See note on An. cygnea.) 4 UNIO. 59 WIDE. f WIDE. Mya pictorum. Lin. Mil. Born. Unio limosus. Nil. Rossm. Poli. Schrit. Pennant. Dill. Unio longirostris. Zeigl. Potier. Wood. Mat. Schreib. Da Cost. Por. Rossm. Villa. Schmidt. Alten. Unio lemovicense. Fer. Menke. Musculus angustior. List. Hist. Ani- Unio retusus. Held. malia, p. 149. Unio ventrosus. Kiister. Mya corrugata Maroceana.' Chem. Unio levigatus. Kiister. margaritica. Klein. Unio latirostris. Kiister. augusta. Klein. Unio concinnus. Kiister. Long thick horse mussel. Petiv. Unio corrosus. Villa. Por. Mya nodosa. Martini. Lin. Schreib. Unio Spinelli. Villa. Wood. Dill. Unio pallens. Parreyss. Kiist. Mysca pictorum. Turt. Unio dactylus. Morelet. B Potomida sicula. Swain. B Unio mucidus. Morelet. z Unio delphinus. Speng. = Unio arcuatus. Bouch. Dup. BE Unio inflatus. Stud. re Unio Ardusianus. Reyniés. Ble Unio rostratus. Lam. Pfeif. Mich. | = £ Unio Muelleri* Rossm. S45 Desh. Bouil. Gras. Puton. 243 Unio ponderosus. Spitzi. Rossm. B32 Potier. Brown. Villa. Waard. ak: Unio graniger. Zieg. 2 Chenu. Fitz. Gras. = Unio decipiens. Zieg. MSS. Bourg. Unio manca. Lam. Millet. Dup. | 2 Unio Nathusii. Kiist. S Bourg. 3 Unio vindiflavus. Kiist. Unio castaneus. Miil. Unio Petrovichii. Kiist. Unio elongatulus. Mihi. Rossm. Unio dubius. Fitz. Potier. Por. Dup. Villa. Unio Ronsit. Dup. Unio Turtonti. Payr. Desh. Phili. Unio proechus. Bourg. Dup. Bourg. Unio actaphilus. Bourg. Unio lobatata. De Cr. and J3 Unio vulgaris. Stab. Unio Capigliolo. Payr. Desh. More. Unio Blauneri. Shutt. Stab. Dup. Rossm. Grat. Mog. Unio subreneformis. Bourg. Unio Requientt. Mich. Rossm. Gas- Unio Penchinatianus. Bourg. stes. Potier. Dup. Gras. Grat. Unio Graellsianus. Bourg. Mous. Bourg. Stab. Mog. Unio Courquinianus. Bourg. Unio Deshayesiit. Mich. Desh. Rossm. Brown. Gras. Grat. *elongatulus. P/feif. Han. Unio platyrinchoideus. Dup. Bourg. Unio Arade. Phili. 1 Chemnitz figures this shell, vol. vi. table 3, Figs. 23 and 24. From the description and outline, I have little doubt of its being a young pictorum, more than usually undulated in the region of the beaks. Its being rugose over the whole surface, as mentioned by him, is not evidence against its being such. As the first growth subsequently forms the beak of the shell, it ought of course to be rugose, if that be the character of the shell. The inside view is without teeth, but this is doubtless the fault of the drafts- man or engraver, as the author speaks of the hinge being like the common mussel. ?T suspect this will prove to be the same as elongatulus, Pfeif., which may itself be only a var. of pictorum. Swainson and Pfeiffer obtained them from Sicily. * Fide Philippi. Michaux’s figure has more the appearance of U. Batavus. _ ‘I think this will be found to be a deformed pictorum. 60 WiENGLOF WIDE. WIDE. Unio Gargotte. Phil. More. Gerst. *naviculoides. Lea. Rossm. *perlatus. Lea. *Moreleti.! Desh. *Hazlehurstianus. Lea. *sagitteeformis. Lea. *Barratti. Lea. *rostriformis. Lea. ‘f productus Con. Kiist. Han. *oracilentus. Lea. ewansety! “) *viridiradiatus. Lea. 5 *nasutus.’ Say. Barn. Swain. Han. | 8 ae = Sc Gould. Linsl. Dekay. S pullatus. ca: 2 Unio rostratus. Valen. S mane : = 2 *Fisherianus. Lea. Chenu. Han. sy Ws Mya nasuta. Wood. Fat. ts = E Burynea nasut Stimpson. (Agas S48 Se u ae nasuta. Stimpson. gass. | 2 : Sonesta, © Gan. = MSS.) x S SI *Kmmonsil. ea. 2 *Mississippiensis. Con. se S Unio Cocoduensis. Reeve. S *aheneus. Lea. *aquilus. Lea. Jayanus. Lea. Chenu. Han. ¥ Toe *protensus. Lea. marginalis. Lam. Desh. Blan. Han. Unio anodontina. Lam. Blan. *extensus. Lea. Unio evanescens? Mouss. *Burkensis. Lea. *iris.t Lea. Desh. Chenu. Han. Unio subrostratus. Say. *oblatus. Lea. Unio nebulosus? Con. *Maconensis. Lea. | *Noyi-Hboraci.2 Lea. Dekay. Chenu. 1 This is no doubt a good species. I have seen a very good specimen belonging to the cabinet of the Rey. Mr. Beadle, of Hartford, Conn. 2 * Mr. Agassiz says that the genus Unio, Retz., is represented in this country by U. nasutus, Lam. Lamarck’s nasutus is gibbosus, Bar. Mr. Say preoccupied the name nasutus in 1816. Lamarck published in 1819. In the synonymy of gibbosus, I have in all my editions of this work placed Lamarck’s nasutus as a synonym to gibbosus, Bar. ’ This is probably the same as folliculatus, Lea, which latter name has precedence. * Mr. Say, in his Synonymy, gives iris as a synonym to his subrostratus. If they were the same, I would be entitled to precedence, as my description bears date March, 1829, while his is January, 1831. His description, however, of subrostratus does not apply to my iris, and certainly this shell could not have been under his eye when his description was made. He says that the swbrostratus “may be said to be the analogue of the Unio nasutus (nobis) of the western waters.” As the U. nasutus inhabits the western waters, a variety of that species may have been described by him for subrostratus. ° Novi-Eboraci and iris are in the outlines nearly identical, but in the soft parts there are differences which I have pointed out in the Journal of the Academy Nat. Sciences, vol. y., N. 8., and Observations on Unio, vol. x. - UNIO. 6L WIDE. { WIDE. Unio opalinus. Anth. *subgibbosus. Lea. *fatuus. Lea. Chenu. *contractus. Lea. *tenuissimus. Lea. Han. *arctior. Lea. Chenu. Han. Symp. tenuissima. Lea. Sh. & Kat. An. purpurascens. Swain. *Tabascoensis. Phili. Unio velum. Say. Unio leptodon. Con. *Patagonicus. D’Orb. Han. *bilineatus. Lea. Ben. Blan.’ Han. *Vaughanianus. Lea. Chenu. Han. Symp. bilineata. Lea, in Trans. Am. Unio Carolinensis. Prof. Ravenel’s IP ISs Letter. S Corrianus. Zea. Blan.’ Han. 3 OBOVATE. iS S % A S = *purpuratus. Lam. otier. . ei *Mercerii. Lea. S aa sae MUC TG Shae Ge = = Mya ventricosa.A Solan. Humphreys? E = ve : gE Unio ater. Lea. Desh. Chenu. Ee orientalis. Lea. Chenu. 578 Ts : ’ Z| : a | 3 Unio lugubris. Say. eal Unio productus. Mouss? =|* Tic osPaen, AC. 5 Unio Sumatrensis. Vide Martens = Sea ne ee et nio Su : rtens. 3 ay is CA UB MEs ‘ts = Naidé atra. Swain. Z 2 Z : Zz 5 *phaseolus. Hild. Sh. & Hat. Han. | $ pene A : A permiscens. Lea. Unio planulatus. Lea. Desh. Chenu. y 3 4 ) 1 Unio cuneatus’ Barn. (White var.) Fer. 1 D’Orbigny, the distinguished traveller in South America, formed the genus Monocondylea for a croup of shells which he first observed, and which possess a single cardinal tooth and no lamellar one. This tooth certainly differs from that of the Margaritana, Schum. (Alasmodonta, Say). I am indebted to the great kindness of M. D’Orbigny for his species. The shell figured by Spix, Pl. 25, Figs. 1 and 2, under the name of Aplodon inerme, but not described in the text, evidently belongs to D’Orbigny’s genus Monocondylea. It is certainly a most interesting group, and it is to be regretted that we have no description of the soft parts. There seem to be three natural sub-groups in Monocondylea. 1. Francis- cana, Paraguayana, Parshappii, Corrientesensis, and Guayrayana have the large tooth in the left valve anterior to the large one in the right valve. 2. Vondembuschiana has the reverse of this, as is also the case with inoscularis, Gould. These two are from the East Indies, while the former are all South American. 3. The fossiculifera differs distinctly from both these forms. The dorsal line is not bent into a curve by the teeth, but is indented in each valve, the fosset being fitted by a corresponding projection. on the opposed valve. This I propose to call Fossula. When the soft parts of the different species shall be examined, these proposed divisions may be sustained, and the group will consist of MJonocondylea, D’Orbigny, Pseudodon, Gould, and Fossula, Lea. 2 Dr. Gould described this shell in the Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., Dec. 6, 1843, and proposed a sub- genus (Pseudodon) for it. The hinge margin is formed exactly like my Monocondylaea Vondembuschiana, and I have therefore placed it in that genus. ’ T am disposed to think, judging from M. Bourguignat’s figures, that my rhomboidea and his Euphraticus, Opperti, and Churchillianus are all the same. If so, he must have preference. * M. Bourguignat, in Voy. Mer. Mort by Sauley, describes this shell as having no lateral teeth, and the figure evidently shows it belongs to the genus Monocondylwa. It is from Jaffa. ° In a letter from the Abbé Stabile, Milan, Jan. 1861, he tells me that Anodonta Uniopsis, Lam., is only a small thin variety of Alasmodonta Bonellii, Fer. If Uniopsis and Bonellii be the same, then the former has the preference, and the latter is a synonym. NON-SYMPHYNOTE MONOCONDYLG/&. variety. SMOOTH. me MONOCONDYLGA. ie WIDE. Fer. Villa. Alas. Bonelliz. Alas. depressa? Alas. compressa. Menke. Margarit. Bonelli. Villa. Unio Bonellit. Han. Unio depressa. Perf. Lea. Villa. Miih i, *Mouhotiana. *compressa. Lea. OBOVATE, *Paraguayana. D’Orb. Unio Paraguayana. Fan. *Pazii. Lea. Schom. Han. *Parchappu. D’Orb. Unio Parchappii. D’ Orb. TTan. *Corrientesensis. Unio Corrientesensis. Chenu. Han. *Guarayana. D’Orb. Unio Guarayana. *fossiculifera. D’Orb. Unio fossiculiferus. Han. Hupé. i MONOCONDYLGS i. NON-SYMPHYNOT! SMOOTH, L OBOVATE. Anth. Blan. *Peouensis. Lea. Mousson) *V ondembuschiana. Margari. Zollingeri. Margarit. erispata. Mousson. Margarit. fragilis. Mousson. *Cumingi. Lea. Anod. Cumingit. Lea. Con. Pseudodon ellipticum. *planulata. Lea. Gould. Blan. Gould. *inoscularis. An. inoscularis. D’Orb3 Han. Minuana. Unio Minuana. ARCUATE. Mardinensis. Lea. Leguminaia Mardinensis. Con. SPECIES UNKNOWN TO ME. Mon. orbicularis. More. Mon. Tamsiana. Dunk. Mon. tumidus. Jfore. Mon. exilis. More. 1 Menke and Pfeif, in Zeits. fur Malak., say that these three shells are the same as Margaritana (Monocondylea) Vondembuschiana, Lea. * Young of Vondembuschiana? * The figure of Minuana is so nearly like to that of Paraguayana that it is likely to prove merely a 19 ye! DIPSAS. VII. SUBGENUS DIPSAS.’ TRIANGULAR. _ | TRIANGULAR. *plicatus Leach. E Barbala bi-alata. Chenu. - Barbala plicata’ Humph. - Unio bi-alata. Desh. Reeve. Han. = Myt. plicatus. Soland. = Dianisolis Chinensis. Raf. P, Myt. dubius. Gmel. Dill. Zz alg Cristaria tuberculata. Schum. BE OVAL. I z An. dipsas. Fer. a *discoideus.® Lea. z e An. exotica. Blain. z Symp. discoidea. Lea. Ee An. tuberculatus. Fer. | 2 Unio discoideus. Reeve.’ Han. An. alatus. Sow. z g Unio tenuis. Gray8 ee An. Herculea* Midd. Gerst. 2 An. tenuis. Gray’ Baird & Adams. An. bellua. More. An. Chinensis. Phili. Symph. bi-alata.® Lea. Barbala discoidea. Chenu. 1 Mr. Swainson discards the name of dipsas, because it was used by Larentini (1768) for a genus of reptiles, and he says he gladly adopts that of Symphynota, Lea (Malac., p. 288). I think it better, how- ever, that the rule recently adopted among most zoologists not to repeat generic names, should be more prospective than retrospective, if adopted at all. Well and long established names are not likely to lead to error. But the name of Barbala, Humphreys, has no doubt the pre-eminent title, and should take precedence over all other proposed names, viz., Barbata, Sow., Cristaria, Schum., Appius, Leach, Diani- sotis, Raf., Dipsas, Leach (1815), Symphynota, Swain. not Lea, Dipsax, Voight, if we allow the names of Humphreys. * Perfect specimens show the whole linear tooth, and the folds on the posterior slope and on the posterior wing, but old and imperfect specimens sometimes exhibit neither. The imperfect figure and description by Leach (who made the genus in 1815) of this fine shell, led me to believe that it could not be the same with that which I described under the name of Sym. bi-alata. 5 Fide Dr. Gray. 4 Dr. Dunker, in Cassel, showed me a valve in his collection from Siberia, somewhat fractured, which is undoubtedly the Dipsas plicatus, Leach. It is the largest specimen belonging to this family which I have seen: in breadth about 12 inches; length 7} inches. See note on An. gigantea. ° Mr. Rafinesque, in the continuation of his Monograph (p. 7), affirms decidedly that the Symphynota bi-alata, Lea, is a peculiar genus, but he changes it to Dianisolis Chinensis! ! ° The posterior termination of the tooth shows some disposition to duplication, and evidently inclines to pass into the subgenus Unio. 7 The figure No. 275 is not discoideus, Lea, but probably taken from U. levissimus, Lea. 8 In Griffith’s Cuvier. =I OU ANODONTA. VIL. SUBGENUS ANODONTA.' TRIANGULAR. OVAL. *Wahlamatensis. Lea. Cooper. Han. Symp. Benedictensis. Lea. An. triangularis. Trask. An. cultrata. Could. An. rotundovata. Trask. trigona. Spiv. Hupé. Han. *“Naitallians. Bea. Han SMOOTH. OVAL. *magnifica.” Lea. Han. Symp. magnifica. Lea. Chenu. *Californiensis. Lea. SYMPHYNOTE ANODONT A. An. rotundatus. Swain. SUB O TUNE. I ae ae L *rubicunda. Lea. An. magnifica. Schrenck# OBOVATE. SYMPHYNOTE ANODONT 2. SMOOTH *erispata! Lam. Han. An. glauca. Gould’ An. puberula. Gould. *Woodiana. Lea. Han. Symp. Woodiana. Lea. PLICATE. *Benedictii. Lea. Adams. Dekay. phe Stimpson. Han. tortilis. Lea. NON-SYMPH. ANODON. 1 As Bruguiere first separated this group from Unio, and called it Anodontites, it ought to be at least mentioned if his name be not adopted. Anodonta is now so universally used that it might be doubted if it should be changed. Bruguiére published in Hncy. Math. in 1792. Poli, in his great work, sub- sequently reunites Unio and Anodonta. H.and A. Adams give the following subgenera: Symphynota, Lea, Lamproscarpha, Swain., Patularia, Swain. 2 Dr. Gray, in Griffith’s Cuvier, Pl. 24, Fig. 2, gives a figure, without description, of a shell, under the name of Unio tenuis, which he thinks is my An. magnifica; but it appears to me to be my Dipsas discoidea. It is figured with the linear tooth of Dipsas. 8 The figure given by Dr. Schrenck in Reisen und Forschungen im Amur-Lande is not my magnifica. I therefore propose to call it Schrenkii. 4 With some hesitation, I have placed this and forfilis under the division plicate, as the folds or crimples are so small as almost to require a lens. But to place them in the division of “smooth” shells would be, I think, more objectionable. 5 In letter of April 7, 1855, Dr. Gould says he has changed glauca (being preoccupied) to puberula, and that it belongs to Monocondylea, O’Orb. 76 ANODONTA. OVAL. OVAL. *cyenea! Drap. Lam. Mill. Crouch. Myt. fucatus. Dill. Blain. Pfeif. Turt. Des Mout. Myt. Zellensis. Gmel. Schri. Schretb. Flem. Grat. Bouil. Brard. Bose. Myt. Avonensis. Monta. Wood. Hd. Children. Puton. Potier. Cassies. Eneyclopedia. Moq. Por. Klees. Morelet. Merm. Forb. Myt. radiatus’ Miil. Schri. Schreib. and Hanl. Villa. Guerin. Graells. Myt. incrassatus. Shep. Thompson. Cuv. Gray. Kiist. | .. Myt. maculata. Shep. Brown. Bouch. Rossm. Desh. Studer. Menke. Gras. Goupil. Dup. Fitz. Swain. Schrenck. Charp. Waard. Kicka. Midd? Gras. Stein. Chenu. Brot. Bourg. Han. Mog. Cail. Myt. eygneus. Lin. Chem. Sehro. Dill. Miiht. Monta. Mat3 Shep. Tur. Mill. Schreib. Pennant. Don. Da Costa. fragilis. Klein. Museulus fluviatilis. Klein. Musculus latus. List. Klein. Musculus angustior. Klein. Grand Moule des étangs. Creoff. An. anatina. Lam. Cuv. Mill. Dill. Bose. Drap. Sow. Pfeif. Flem. Grat. Des Moul. Stud. Bouil. Macgil. Phili. Menke. Desh. More. Goup. Nils. Put. Kiist. NON-SYMPHYNOTE ANODONTZ. SMOOTH. NON-SYMPHYNOTE ANODONT/Z® SMOOTH. Myt. anatinus. Lin. Chem. Schri. Dup. Ald. Graells. Villa. K lees. Schum. Wood. Monta. Don. Da Por. Gass. Bouch. Pot. Charp. Costa. Penn. Shep. Tur. Dill. Drouwet. Waard. Fitz Spix. - An. exotica? Cuv. An. membranacea’ D’Orb. Hupé. *Dahomeyensis. Lea. Patularia rotunda. Swain. Patularia lato-marginata. Chenu. *Buchanensis. Lea. Han. *Senegalensis. Lea. NON-SYMPHYNOTE ANODONT A. NON-SYMPHYNOTE ANODONT A. SMOOTH *oracilis. Lea. *Spixi. D’Orb. *Wheatleyi. Lea. H. Adams. An. rotundus. Spix. Kiist. An. trapezium. Mori. *Amazonensis. Lea. poreifer.” Gray. *exilis.! Lea. Han. An. polita. Mouss. *trapezialis. Lam. Blain. Pot. Kiist. An. siliqua. Kiist. L Hupé. Mart. 1 Prof. Kirtland informed me that he received this shell from Wallingford, Conn., taken from some of the branches of the Quinipiak River, but I think this must be an error. When I described it, I mentioned having purchased it of Mr. Warren, a dealer in Boston, who could give me no idea whence it came. I never supposed it to be an American species, and my conclusion is justified, I think, by having received the same species from Dr. Vondembusch, of Bremen, he having procured it from Java. 2 Férussac considered trigona the same as crassa, Swainson. The two figures, however, appear to me to be too different to be considered the same. * The specimen sent tome by M. D’Orbigny under the name of si7ionos does not correspond with his figure in Voy. Am. Mer., Pl. 74, Figs. 4-6, and Pl. 80, Figs. 1 and 3, which I think are drawn from a lato-marginata, Lea; but it is, I think, the same as ¢rigona, Spix. * The Patagonica and lato-marginata, when they are better observed, may prove to be the same. ®° Spix’s figure so closely resembles the lato-marginata, that I scarcely feel a doubt as to their being the same. He does not, however, notice the broad margin which is so characteristic of this species. § See note 4, p. 55. Never having seen this species, I place it here on Dr. Gray’s authority. Pro. Zool. Soc. 1834, p. 58. ANODONTA. 83 { {OBOVATE. OBOVATE. An. exotica.’ Lam. Cuv2 D’Orb. Gonidea’ Randalli. Con. Desh. Hupé. Von Mar. Han. Gonidea feminalis. Con. An. giganteus. Spix. Menke. Kiist. An. pencillatus? Gray. *tenebricosa. Lea. D’Orb. Han. An. Susanne. Gray. Lamproscapha tenebricosa. Chenu. An. trapezia. Kiist. An. tenebrosa. Reeve.® An. ciconia. Could. An. Blainvillianus. Reeve. *tenuis. Lea. An. subsinuata?. Sow. cI rs Z *luteola. Lea. a *anserina. Spix. Han. 5 a 2 ‘ *ineequivalva. Lea. = Z| *radiatus. Spica. Bs als Z z | ARCUATE. = Georgines Gray. = solidula. Deville and Hupé. S Leila Georgina. Hupé. iS Z = *arcuata. Fer. E, *Uruguayensis. Lea. E, arcuta. Call.” erassa. Swain. Han. Pallegoixi. Cuming. Reeve. Leotandi. Guppy. sinuosa. Lam. Swain. Han. Dupuy? *aneulata’t Lea. Hinds. Cooper. Han. Patularia angulata. Chenu. solenidea. Sow. An. feminalis. Gould. An. Randalli. Trask. *soleniformis. D’Orb. 1 So far as I have been enabled to examine specimens of this and trapezialis, I am disposed to think they are not distinct species. 2 The figure, Pl. 90, given in the edition of Cuvier by his pupils, is said to be reduced to one-half. It seems to me to bea good representation of An. lato-marginata (nobis), and not like Lamarck’s exotica. 8 T have not seen this shell. It seems to be nearly allied to Blainvilliana (nobis), judging from the figure in Griffith’s Cuvier, Pl. 19, Fig. 3. It is from Paraguay. ‘ This very curious and interesting species was described from a single imperfect valve, brought by Mr. Nuttall from Oregon. Some years afterwards, Lady Catherine Douglas recognized it among the shells sent by Sir George Simpson, from Vancouver, and to her I owe the possession of a fine and perfect specimen. In the collection of the Exploring Expedition, I recognized many fine specimens which Captain Wilkes brought from Columbia River. Some of them my friend Dr. Gould has since character- ized as a distinct species, but in this I should not agree with him. Mr. Hinds found this species abund- ant in the Rio Sacramento, California, where he says it was used as food by the Indians. ® I do not see any reason for proposing a new genus for this shell. If the irregular dorsal margin required its being removed from Anodonta, then it should be placed in D’Orbigny’s genus Monocondylea. 6 Mr. Reeve quotes Say for fenebrosa, but Mr. Say described no Anodonta by that name to my know- ledge. It is evidently my tenebricosa from South America. 7 The figure of Cailliaud, Voy. @ Meroé, vol. ii., Pl. 61, is exactly like a specimen sent to me many years since under the name of arcuata, Fer., from the Nile. 84. ANODONTA. The following species are unknown to me:— An. incarum. Phili. An. Jobe. Dupuy. An. anatinoides. Klein. Brown. An. Kellettii. Sow. An. annulatus.! Sow. An. Latoureuxi. Bourg. An. attenuata, Stab. An. leprosa. Parr. Vill. An. atrovirens. Phili. Shutt. An. Lucasii. ore. An. Bambousearum. Jorelet. An. lugubris. Say. An. Benacensis. JVvil. An. lurulentus. ore. An. Bengalensis. Reeve. An. Nicaragua. Phili. An. Burroughiana. Chenu.3 An. Nilssoni. iist. An. eallifera. Mart. An. normalis. Stabile. An. canescens. Stentz. An. Numidica. Bourg. An. capitata. Aiist. An. Ononensis.’ Lea. An. carinifera. Con! An. opilina. iist. An. carinata. Dunk. An. palustris. Fer. et D’Orb. An. Charpentier. iist. An. Pictetianus. Dum. An. Chinensis. Fer. An. pictus. Swain. An. cimbula. Vill. An. plicata. Haid. An. coaretata. Anton. An. polymorpha. iist. An. cornea. Phili. An. recurvirostra. iist. An. (Unio) crepera.® Reeve. An. rugifera. Dunk. An. cuneata. iist. An. Schombergkii. art. An. curyatus. Fer. An. smaragdina. Anton. An. elachista. Bourg. An. subreniformis. Sow. An. embia. Bourg. An. subrostrata. Phili. An. exotica. Reeve. An. subsinuata. Phil. An. folium. Fer. An. Swinhoei. H. Adams. An. fragilis. Fitz. An. Tawaii, Rang. An. gigantea? Middendorff. An. triangularis. Trask. An. glabra. Zeig. Vill. An. triangularis. Lanza. An. Guilliani. Reeluz. An. triangularis. V7il. An. Harlandi. Baird & Ad. An. triangulata. iist. An. Heldii. Kiist. An. truncata. A iist. An. Idrina. Spin. Bourg. An. Tunizana. Jore. An. impura, Say. An. Ucayalensis. Phili. 1 Very like pavonia, Lea. 2 Probably cygnea, Lin. ’ Livr. 81, Pl. 3, Fig. 3. This name and figure are placed to two different species in this plate. * On cover of Monog. No. 9. ® This is not crepera, Lea, as supposed by Mr. Reeve. 6 A specimen of this shell from the River Onon, Northern Siberia, was presented to the Boston Soe. Nat. Hist. by Dr. Gould. It is stated to be “11 inches long and 6} high.” (Proceedings, March, 1849.) I presume this is a distinct species, but, without a description or view, I am unable to determine. The name, however (gigantea), is preoccupied, and I propose to substitute Ononensis, as the author’s name (Middendor fii, Siesm.) is also preoccupied. Is it not possible that this may be an old Dipsas plicatus, Leach, with the teeth obliterated? 7 See note above. ANODONTA. Fossil Species. An. Abyssina. orton. An. anatinoides. Alein. Krauss.! Bronn. An. antiqua. D’Orb. An. aquensis. athe. Bronn. An. Cordieri. D’Ord. An. corpulentoides. Lea. D Ou .cygnea. Morris's Cat. Bronn. . Daubreana. Schimper. . grandioides. Lea. . Jukesii. orbes . obliquius. D’Orb. Bronn. . Purbeckensis. Forbes. .tener. Hichw. Bronn. .tenuissima. Hichw. Bronn. 1 Die Moll. der Tertiar-Formatien von Kirchberg. 2 From the Devonian of Ireland. 86 COLUMBA. IX. SUBGENUS COLUMBA.’ OBOVATE, *Blainvilliana2 Lea. An. Blainvilliana. Lea. Chenu. Hupé. Han. An. trapezialis. Crouch. An. Parishii? Gray. Han. An. hians. Sow. Reeve. An. scriptus. Fer. Reeve. Leila trapezialis. Hupé. Tridina trapezialis.! D?Orb. OBOVATE,. Leila Parishtit. Gray. *esula’ Jan. Anodonta esula. Jan. Trid. esula® D’Orb. Leila esula.” Gray. Hupé. Leila Castelnaudit. Hupé. Mart. Leila pulvinata. Hupé. SMOOTH. SMOOTH. NON-SYMPHYNOTE COLUMB. NON-SYMPHYNOTE COLUMBE. 1 Testa equivalvis, ineequilatera, subtriangulari. Cardo linearis edentulus. Impressio muscularis pallii postica inflecta. 2 In my description of Blainvilliana (Observations on the Genus Unio, vol. i. p. 189), I observed that I was induced to believe that the animal of this shell would be found to differ from that of the genus Anodonta. M. D’Orbigny, in his Synopsis of the Fresh Water Shells of South America, has in fact so found it. The animal has two tubes. Nevertheless, although I then proposed, if such should be the case, that it should be placed in a new genus, under the name of Columba, I continued it in the subgenus Anodonta, as, with the artificial system, which is founded on the hinge, I thought it could not with propriety be elsewhere classed. I then mentioned that when the family shall be arranged in a system founded on the animal structure only, it evidently must be changed, and I doubted then if it should be placed in the genus Jridina, for, although it is likely that all the species of that genus have two tubes, they do not seem to possess the inflected palleal cicatrix, which I noted in the description of Blain- villiana. There being now at least two distinct species known, I have thought it best to classify the genus Columba as proposed March 15th, 1833 (Obs. vol. i. p. 190). ° In a letter from Dr. Gray, Noy. 1834, he states that his Parishii and my Blainvilliana are the same. His paper is dated July 8th, 1834; mine, March 15th, 1833. 4M. D’Orbigny, at p. 43, Synopsis Ter. and Fluv. Mollusque, makes An. trapezialis, Lam., a synonym to his Iridina trapezialis; but I think that Lamarck’s An. trapezialis is a different shell. I cannot but think that D’Orbigny’s I. trapezialis is my An. Blainvilliana. 5M. D’Orbigny thinks that this is my Blainvilliana, but, having his specimens and mine of both these species, I am induced still to believe that I am correct. The two specimens resemble each other, but are certainly distinct. The inflected palleal cicatrix exists in both, but the esu/a is more curved, and the dorsal margin is more sinuous, the nacre being bluish white, while the five or six specimens of Blain- villiana which I have seen are all salmon color. ® Mag. de Zool., 1835. " Gray’s Genera. BYSSANODONTA. 87 X. SUBGENUS BYSSANODONTA.’ QUADRATE, Paranensis. D’Orb. Chenu. SMOOTH. 1 This is a remarkable fresh water bivalve discovered by M. D’Orbigny, remaining always attached by a byssus. See Voy. dans l’Amér. Mérid. 88 TRIDINA. GENUS PAPERS. I. SUBGENUS IRIDINA.’ OBLONG. A { (ARCUATE. Ss Speki3 Woodward. = *exotica. Lam. Desh Pot. Chenu. 5 = 5 Trid. striata. Swain. Woodward. & OBOVATE. = |S Trid. elongata. Sow. a | 4 *ovata. Swain. Woodward. ES 2 3 Trid. exotica. Children. S = i Trid. spendida. Chenu. Species Unknown to me. = Pleiodon Maemurtriet. Con. cnt : s Pleiodon ovata. Con. Chenu. Tridina valeus. Parr. 5 Tridina solida. Anton. *Teaiit Sow. Tridina Welwitchii. More. 1 Genus Platiris (nobis), xaarvs, latus; «pes, iris. Testa equivalvis, laté transversd; tmpressiones musculares grandes; cardo longus, linearis; ligamentum externum. 2 When Lamarck established his genus Jridina, he had seen but a single species, and of that only one individual, which is figured in the Hneyclop. Méthodique, Pl. 204. Other species have been since referred to his genus, which do not seem to me to fulfil the conditions of his generic diagnosis. The phrase “cardo per longitudinem tuberculosus, subcrenatus,” is by no means descriptive of the hinge belonging to the species just alluded to, which has the hinge smooth, or very slightly tuberculate. The figure in the Encyclopédie, and that of Blainville (Pl. 66, Fig. 8), represent the same individual, and exhibit a character of hinge resembling in some measure that of an Arca. A second species, apparently agreeing with Lamarck’s generic description, has been observed and described by Swainson, under the name of Iridina ovata (Phil. Mag., vol. \xi.); and it has also been described by Mr. Children under the name of I. exotica (Brande’s Journ., vol. xv.). The specimen described in Brande’s Journal is now in the British Museum, and that accurate naturalist, Dr. John Edward Gray, who is one of the officers of that noble institution, informs me that he thinks it is identical with the shell upon which Mr. Conrad has lately proposed to form a new genus, Pleiodon. Under these circumstances, it seems to me necessary to” separate those shells having a crenulated hinge (which are true Iridinex), from those having the hinge smooth, or very slightly tuberculated. J therefore arrange the Iridina rubens, Nilotica, &c., in a new subgenus, for which I propose the name of Spatha. In an intemperate note by Mr. Conrad, on the cover of No. 11 of his Monography, he says that I refer P. Macmurtriei to Iridina ovata, because Dr. Gray thinks them identical; and further says this “must be a wilful error” on my part! But this irritable remark cannot alter the fact. Jt is identical. Mr. Swainson (Malacology, p. 286) says “the name of Pleiodon cannot be substituted for that of Iridina, as applied to the typical species.” Ferussac says that Humphrey, in his Catalogue (MSS.?), made a genus (Scapha) for an Iridina, and that the “mutel, D’Adanson,” is certainly the same (Mém. de 1’ Hist. Nat. de Paris, v. i. p. 362). ’ This has so much the characteristic of ovata that I should not be surprised if it proved eventually to be a well-marked variety of that species. * Mr. Sowerby very kindly presented me with a specimen under this name. It looks to me like a young J. ovata, and I have little doubt but that it will prove to be such. ° M. Deshayes gives the Nilotica as a synonym to this species, but I think it is distinct. ° From Africa, in Jay’s Cat. SPATHA. 89 Il. SUBGENUS SPATHA.’ a [ (OVAL. | Wahlbergi Krauss. Bs E | TRIANGULAR, ay Memes) *alate. Lea. Baikii. H. Adams. (Anodonta.) re Z = WIDE. a *dubia. Gmel. Chenu. : Myt. dubius. Gmel. Dill. OVAL. 3 E : L S| Mut. dubia. H. and A. Adams. A SD eg: = Trid. Nilotica. Sow. Fer. Cuv. fs wn Crouch. Caill. Pot. Desh. Mart. Pao C ONG: . Eales An. dubia? Bose. I *Natalensis. Lea. Sieg Ti =: . 3 Die in Si zis rid. Oudniet. Keni. - Z : oka = || > Trid. gracilis. Cail. § = Spatha Nilotica. Anton. Kiist. < cer ee si Calliscapha Nilotica. Swain. Chenu. wn modesta. Lea, = Myt. Niloticus. Wood. = Le mutel. Adan. z OVAL. Trid. mutel? Rang. = *rul 2 La Ch “ y = rubens. am. Len. Trid. angustata. Sow. is Trid. rubens. Desh. Cuv. Rang. ze Trid. arenata? Caill. Pot. *ceelestis® Lea. z, if An. obtusa? Potier and Mich. Irid. rostrata? Rang. Pot. 5 An. rubens. Lam. Blain. Menke. L Spatha rostrata, Kiist. a Kiist. An. Clappertoni3 Kenig. Since 1 ; ei Coiienuie Mart Species unknown to me. Spatha Hartmanni? Mart. Spatha compressa. Mart. L Spatha Petersi. Mart. 1H. and A. Adams divide the group into Mutela, Scopoli, Scalliscapha, Swain, Pleiodon, Con., Spatha, Lea, Leila, Gray, Mutela, consisting of dubia, Gmel., valeus, Parr. * Dr. Gray informs me that Cailliaud figures a species near to this from Egypt, which is in his possession, but I have not seen the shell or description. A specimen in Mr. Tanner’s collection labelled Tridina arcuata, Caill., and sent by M. Cailliaud to the late Mr. Hyde, is an Anodonta. * In Denham and Clapperton’s Journey. * The figure is very like rubens, but Prof. Krauss says it differs (“Stidafrikanischen Mollusken’’). It comes from Natal, South Africa. ° A specimen of celestis received of Dr. Pitcairn, from Edinburgh, was marked Unio longinus, Gray. 23 90 MYCETOPUS. Ill. SUBGENUS MYCETOPUS.’ WIDE. [ wipe. =, *siliquosus. D’Orb. Han. PLICATE. ~ plicatus? Gray. Reeve. a tt , is S l : S An. siliquosus. Spix. Kiist. More. B 3 An. longinus. Spix. Bsa nea a Mye. subsinuatus. Sow. R g : : S| ye. subsinuatus. Sow. Feeve. a soleniformis. .D’Orb. Chenu. Han. | = | . I Yy ste F ig iS oa cee Fe ms |S rid. longina. Fer. = Spatha soleniformis. Ant. Kiist. a) s J ee ‘ = 5 Se Lamproscapha siliquosa. Swain. Can ae Mye. pygmeus. Hupé. aol a lao] = oo , ae} l= xy 4 Vr) p =a) 5 . & | 5 Myce. Weddell. Hupé. a *pygmeus? Spica. S = ae S top tsp z *emarginatus’ Lea. Sow. Reeve. Zz rugatus. Sow. Reeve. z z *faleatus.4 Higg. & Reeve, No.9. ventricosus.®° D’Orb. 1 This genus, established by M. D’Orbigny, has the dorsal margin smooth like Anodonta; but that and the basal margin are nearly parallel, and the posterior margin is truncate. The soft parts of the animal figured by D’Orbigny represent it to be very different in the form and size of the foot, which it extends enormously. He mentions that the two anterior cicatrices are widely separated. A more important character appears to be in the fact that the smaller cicatrix is placed before the larger one. In Unio and Anodonta, it is placed below it, and in Hyria, Lam., it is placed above, that is, in a line with the beak. Its habits are different from the Unionide generally, as it buries itself over a foot in the sand, “perforat, sicut pholade.” In this characteristic it is analogous to Margaritana dehiscens (p. 69), Unio dehiscens, Say, which my brother, T. G. Lea, informed me he found only at a depth of 12 inches below the surface of the sand on the bars of the River Ohio, their position being ascertained by a small hole at the surface kept open by the animal. The foot is capable of great extension. See description of soft parts, Obs. Vol. X. p. 76. 2 This has very much the appearance of a deformed shell, as figured by Reeve, No. 3. ® Mr. Conrad proposes to create a new genus (Solenaia) for this species (Am. J/. Conch., vol. iv. p. 249), it having, he says, “a lateral tooth in each valve,” which it has not, there being then only a “slight long rising,” as originally described by me. I presume Mr. Conrad had never seen the shell. * Mr. Higgins has described and figured this species (Zool. Pro., 1868, p. 179), which he received from Mr. E. Bartlett, who discovered it in streams near Chyaretas, Upper Amazon. It is closely allied in all its characters to emarginatus (nobis), and I have admitted it above as a distinct species. If the habitats be correct, and I have no reason to doubt them, we have in Mr. Wheatley’s collection and mine, together with Mr. Higgins’ authority, the two distant habitats well established. alcatws seems to be a smaller species, more emarginate, corrugate on the posterior slope, and the angles of umbonial and anterior slopes are more acute. § Having the two shells An. siliquosa and An. pygmexa, Spix., before me, I cannot doubt of their being distinct; and I believe they both belong to D’Orbigny’s genus Mycetopus. 6 Voyage dans l’ Amérique Méridionale, tom. v. partie iii. Pl. 12, Fig. 1-3. The figure of ventricosus approaches so much that of siliquosus, that I would not be surprised if it should prove to be simply a variety. ING ASTM ASD BE S\c 9] In Mr. Rafinesque’s Monograph, and in his subsequent Papers, are inserted descriptions under the following names. Not being able to identify them, I have deemed it better simply to give a catalogue of them. Those which I suppose I have identified will be found in the foregoing table. In this list, I have not divided the Unionide into his numerous genera. The want of adequate figures, and an absence of sufficiently accurate description, together with Mr. Rafinesque’s well-known proclivity to make species out of imaginary forms and specimens, induced me, after repeated and vain attempts to recognize his species, to follow the example of Mr. Say, Mr. Barnes, and all the other American malacologists up to the time of commencing my memoirs on this subject, to avoid any further attempt to elucidate a mass of confusion which was considered beyond the pale of science. The views of the late Dr. Binney, in his Terrestrial Molluscs of the United States, Prof. A. Gray, in Amer. Journal of Science, and Major Le Conte, in the Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences, in relation to the claims of this writer, are so conclusive that it is only necessary for any unpre- judiced mind to examine the facts and be perfectly satisfied that Mr. R. has, so far from advancing science by his writings in this branch, been the cause of inextricable confusion, from the embarrassment of which we can only be relieved by altogether avoiding any further attempt to make out his imaginary species. M. Ferussac, who made vain attempts to understand his division and species, says that the shells he sends away augment the difficulties in knowing his own species, and that he had received the same shells under different names, and others with the names evidently different from those given in his monography; that the difficulty, therefore, is inex- tricable in the determination of his species, &e. Alasmodonta atropurpureum? Unio antrosa? Unio eyclips? badium ? argyratus? cyphia? costata? atroviolacea? decorticata? hians? attenuata? depressa ? papyraceum ? aurata? diaphanus? ponderosum ? bicolor? dilatata? rugosum ? biloba? diploderma? scriptum ? bullata? ellipsaria? suleatum ? calendis? elliptica? viridis? cardium ? . fasciata? castaneus? fasciola? Anodonta aperta? chloris? fasciolaris? atra? cinerescens ? flava? cuneata? Cliffordiana? flexuosa? digonota? cordata? flexus? inflata? costata? fontinalis? lata? crassa ? fragilis? Ohiensis? cuneata? fulgens? solenoides? cuprea? fulyus? NAIADES. Unio gibbosa? Unio pallens? Unio teres? granulatus? pallida? torulosa? interrupta? paphos? triangularis? leevigata? perplexus? triqueter ? lamobrachys? plateolus? truncata? lateralis? ponderosus? tuberculata? latissima? pusella? Venus? leptodon ? quadrula? verrucosa? lineolata? reflexa? viridis? lividus? retusa? vittatus? megaptera? rimosus? zonalis? melaplata? rivularis? montanus? rosea? Odatelia radiata? nervosa? sintoxia? nigra? sinuata? Lasmonos fragilis? nodulata? solenoides ? obliquata? stegaria? Diplasma marginatze? obovalis? striata? similis? olivaria? subrotunda? striata? ovata? teneltus? vitrea? pachostea? GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE SeecClkS OF THE FAMILY NAIADES. To render the preceding Synoptical Arrangement more complete, it was deemed advisable to make such a table as would throw together the species from each great division of the world; and, to make this more useful, it has been thrown into alpha- betic arrangement. GENUS MARGARON. I. SUBGENUS TRIQUETRA. | elongatus. Pfeif. Various rivers. | litoralis. Zam. Various rivers. SOUTH AMERICA. Petterianus? iist. Montenegro, Greece. | pictorum. Lam. Various rivers. platyrhynchus. Rossm. Carynthia. tumidus. Retz. Various rivers. | Walentinus. Rossm. Lake Albufera, Spain. Brownianus. Lea. River Amazon. corrugata. Zea. River Amazon. subviridis. Eseri, f. Arauss. Die Moll. der Tert. Estabrookianus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. plore Obs iva! : eucirrus. Bourg. Voy. Mer. Mort. mie 8, f 4-6. eucyphus. Bou Hey. et Whe, Zo. 1857 . : Euphraticus. Bourg. Voy. Mer. Mor. 75. evanescens. Mousson. Moll. von Java, 91. Evansi. Ad. and An. Zo. Pro. 1864; Reeve, No. 285 evitatus. Lea. Obs. xi. 89 exactus. Lea. Obs. vii. 64 j excavatus. Lea. Jl. AL Na. Sei lv. vale Olos, vate 70 : excultus. Con. Monog. nis 54, f al exiguus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vii. pl. 7, 16, ILS Ojos}, tulle AS) exilis. Dae Zeitsch. 1846; Nerace Shells of Java, t. 16, fi 3 Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 279; Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. Bet 117 PAGE 118 eximius. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. i. 294; Obs. vi. 14 . : : : : : exolescens. Gould. Pro. Bost. Soc. N. H. Sep. 6, 1848 ; ; : ; exoletus, f. Brown. An. N. Hist. xii. t. 16, fas a ‘ ; F : : explicatus. More. Test. Nov. No. 1, 28 extensus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 67; Vos; was GW : ; : : , faba. D’Orb. Mag. de Zool. No. 62, p. 35 fabaceus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 90; Obs. vil. 94 : fabalis. Zea. .Tr. Am. Ph. See lv. Ph 10, 1% WHS Ojos, te Oo < : fallax. Ties Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 79; Obs. Vite ioe famelicus. Goilta, Wilkes’ Wi. S, Esp. Re. ped. xii. 432 : fasciatus. Con. fasciola? Raf. fassinans. Lea. Obs. xii. 65 : fatuus. ea. Tr. Am. Ph. San vill. alt 1, f. 14; Obs. i. 39 favidens. Bens. Gleanings in Science, 1829, and An. and Mag. 1862 favosus. ea. Jl. Acad. Na. Obs. vi. 58 . Fellmani. Desh. Exp. Sci a’ Miser a 108 Monog. “aL 1, f 1 An. des Sci. Pine v. 299 Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 805; Sci. iv. 58; Ferussacianus. Zea. Described in Note to Emesaensis . : ; ; : : fibuloides. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. pl. 28, f. 100; Obs. vil. 87 : : Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 267 ; firmus. Lea. Obs. xii. 27 ‘ Fisherianus. Lea. Tr. Pat Ph. Soe. a an 4,f.8; Obs. 1. 8 flabellatus, f. Groldf. flabellifer, f. Now. Bronn. Petrif. ii. 182 Grat. Moll. 48 flavescens. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. pl. 3, f. 9 Obs: iv. 46°: : flavicans. Vid. Separatabdruck, 1856, p- 76 flavidulus. Lea. Obs. vil. 101 : flavus. Con. Monog. pl. 41, it 2 flexuosus? Con. Monog. a 4 Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. - PAGE 28 ol 60 TINGED ES FORE See Ei OroH Sis Florentinus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 64; Obs. vill. 68 : : ; : : Floridensis. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. “ PH, ak, ells (Ojose v5 G0) : Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. oE: die ica Obs. vii. 68 ; , ; fluviatilis. Green. Jl. Vogts te ail Fokkesi. Dunk. Zeits. 54, 1852 F foliaceus. Gould. Pro. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1843 : : : foliatus. Hild. Am.Jl.Sci. xiv. . ; folliculatus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 11, f.33; Obs. 1.38. . Foncki. Phili. Mal. Blat. 1869, p- 48 Fontaimianus. D’Orb. Mag. de Zouk No. 62, p- 36. : : , ; : : fontanus. Con. Am. Jl. Conch. i. 279 Forbeseanus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. ple Ley ei; Obst v2.20 5 ; Foremanianus. Dea: Abie, JNiool, 1201. Sea viil. pl 27, f. 64; Obs: ii. 85) : formosus. Lea. aie Am. Ph. Soe. iv. ph 16, f. 41; Obs. i. 121 Forsheyi. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. sé iv. _ BT; Obs. vill. 89 : ; J : 4 fragilis. Swain. Zool. Il. ii. pl. 171 fragilis (Nita). Swain. Zool. Il. fragosus. Con. Monog. pl. 6, f. 2 : fraternus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. 5 16, f. 15; Obs. v. 19 F : fucatus. ieee Jl. Acad. Na. Sei iv. "353: Obs. viii. 85 : : ; : : fulgidus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. Le 4, f. 10; Obs. iv. 47 : pliernese. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. on xe “I if, £ Lo Obs. av vo2 : fuligo. Teens: Conch. Icon. No. 154 fulmineus. Phili. Conch. i1.46 . fulvus: Zea. "irs Am. Ph. Soe.2v. ie 13, f. 89; Obs. i. 208 : Jl. Acad. Na. Sen ly. 88; fumatus. Lea. Obs. vi. 88 . ; funebralis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sek v. _ 378; Obsixe lay. : ; : ; : furvus. Con. Fresh Water Shells, pl. 6, £3 : : : : : PAGE He Or ow Orb wo oo -e ww ow be oo (oa) INDEX OF fuscatus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. ix. pl. 40, f.4; Obs. iv. 35 . : fusculus. Miihl. Rossm. Icon, a 15 fuscus. Ziegl. Pfeiff.? : Gabbianus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 295: Obs. xii. 55 : : : ; Gabonensis. Aiist. Mar. & Chem. No. 312 Gaditana (Mya). Lin. Syst. Nat. 3221 Galloprovincialis, f. J/athe. Cab. 168 gangrenosus. Schmidt. Bull. Imp. N. H. Moscow : 5 Gardannensis, f. Mathe. Cat. 170 Gargotte. Phili. Moll. Sicil. i. 66 Gassiesii. Grat. MSS. label : Gastonensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 20: (Qlokh oat, VLE , F Gaudichaudii. Hyd. Mag. Zool: 1838, ale 118 : : 3 . : 3 Geddingsianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vii. pl. 11, f. 15; Obs. in. 40 geminus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 63; Obs. vi. 63. generosus. Gould. Pro. Bost. Soe. Nat. ist: Noy. 1850 Genthii. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. aa v. BT; Obs. vill. 61 ; genuinus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Si. vi. 305; Obs. xi. 64 geometricus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. eee v. al 4, f. 10; Obs. i. 150 ; eee eianns. fea, -Tr. Am. Ph. eu, vill. pl. 21, £49; Obs. i. 73 Georgina. Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. pl. 7A. Gerbidont. Hyd. Mag. Zool. 1838, pl. 118 Gerhardt. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 208; Obs. ix. 80 . 3 : , : : germanus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 49; Obs. xi. 53 . 2 gibba. Mihi. . Rossm. Icon. f. 20 : gibber. Lea, Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 10, f. 80; Obs. 11. 85 : Gibbesianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Sn x pole ed Obsiave 0 : : gibbosa (Iya). "Rat. Zool. Text Book, 220 gibbosus.. Bar. Am. Jl. Sci. vi. gibbosus. Kiist. Cab. ix. 28 PAGE 48 47 47 Bo AT ol 60 63 69 60 53 51 50 53 4] 29 Al 45 SPECIES. gibbosus. Con. Monog. pl. 27, f. 1 Raf. An. des Sci. Phys. v. 315 Forbes. Rec. Scien. i. t. 2 gibbosus ? Gibbsii, f. jon) c 3 : : : gibbus. Speng. Skriv. Nat. Hist. 11. gigas (Lymnadia). Swain. Malac. 265, 378 glaber. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. - 10, f. 29; Obs. 11. 84 : glabrata. Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. 75 é elandaceus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 77; Obs. vii. 81 : glans. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Sen: iv. pl. 8 8, f 12; Obs. 1. 92 : glaucinus. Ziegl. Porro. Malac. 115 glebulus. Say. Transyl. Jl. iv. 1831, and Am. Conch. pl. 34 é : : globosa (Symp.) Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 4, f. 12; Obs. 1. 158 Genscan) Lea. Jl, Acad. Na. Sf lv. 258; Obs. vii. 76 : Gace Bourg. Rev. et Mag. Zo. “1857 Gouldii. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 6, f. 16; Obs. iv. 50 j : : : Gouldianus. Ward. Jay’s Cat. : eracilentus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. viii. 58; Obs. vi. 62 : poles Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sei. lv. 56; Obs. vi. 56. ‘ gracilis. Barnes. Am. Jl. Sas vi. gracilis (Metap.) Stiémp. Moll. N. Eng. 14 gracilis (Symp.) Lea. Tr. Am, Ph. Soe. i. 452; Obs. 1. 66 : Graellsianus. Bourg. Rev. et Mere 1865 . Granadensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 293; Obs. xii. 53 : amalansts Con. Pro. Acad. Na. Sei. Th. 30, 1855 erandidens. Lea. Jl. New, ‘Na. Sci: v. 205; Obs. ix. 27 . : erandis, f. Held. Bronn. Zeits, Wiirtt. 80 eraniferus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 19, £ 60; Obs. 1. 69 : : Fal. Schmidt Conch. 26 Brug. Jl. de Hist. Nat. 1. Schum. Nov. Syst. pl. 11, f1. Crag. Moll. 1.98 . graniger. eranosus. granosus. eranosus, f. S. Wood. 46 120 granulatus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 48; Obs. x1. 52 . : : : : : sranuliferus. Dunker. Menke’s Zeits. 1848, p. 182 c - : : eratiosus. Phili. Conch. i. 20 : 6 egratus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 382; Obsrels : 5 : ; 5 gravidus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii. 292; Obs. vi. 12 . : gravis (Mya). Wood. inde Test. Sane: fe 6 Grayanus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. v. pl.9, f. 26; Obs. i. 178 Greenii. Con. Fr. Water Shells, pl. 4, 12 1 Grelloisianus. Bourg. Rev. et Mag. 1856, jh fal 5 : 3 é i 2 Griffithianus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 15, f. 46; Obs. i. 215 > Gresalnnareas: Schrit. Flussconch. 181 . Gualteru, f. Mt Sow. M.Ch.iv.179 . Guaranianus. D’Orb. Mag. de Zool. No. 62, p. 87 : : : ; gubernaculum. Leeve. Conch. Icon. No. 146 Gundlachi. Dunk. Malak. Blatt, 1858 Haleianus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. 27, f 63; Obs. i. 85 Hainesianus. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii. "989; Obsiivas 9a Hallenbeckii. Lea. il Nese Na. St i 828; Obs. viii. 10 . ; ‘ ‘ Hanleyanus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 28, £87; Obs. v. 85 Pactianianns: ‘Dei, Jl. Acad. Na. ScE Vv. 73; Obs. vil. 77 : agent f. Meek. Pro. Acad. Na. Sei. 1360 Haysianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. Sues Obs. i. 147 Sine ee Lea. Jl. Acad. Na Sei, iv. 211; Obs. vii. 29 hebes. Ope. ir Aime, Soe! x Ph 18, fae Obs va2oue A Hebermiae, Con. Jl. Acad. Na. Sei li. 296 Heermannii. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 195): Obshia 6 f : ombel: Con. Monog. pl. 51, f. igs hepaticus. Lea. Jl. Acad: Na. Sail iv. 348; Obs. vill. 30 PAGE 49 INDEX OF SPECIES. heros. Say. Dissem. 1829 ‘ heterodon. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iii. pl. 8, fe ult fO bss hians (Margar.) Valen. Rees Obs. “Zoolk pl. 54, f. 2 5 c 5 : : Higginsii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 188; Obs. ix. 10 . Hildrethianus (Margar.) Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 38, f. 8; Obs. i. 148 hippopeeus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 1, f. 1; Obs. iv. pl. 41 epanee Moquin. Rossm. Icon. ii. ol 56 Hjalmarsoni. Dunk. Malak. Blatt, 1858 Hochstetterii. Arauss. Peter’s Moer. vii. 10 Holstonensis. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. 15, f. 27; Obs. 111.50 « Maaneetete, Tee. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 249; Obs. xii. 9 Hopetonensis. Lea. Ty, ha. Ph. Sam a pl. 9, f. 24; Obs. ii. 29 ; : Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii. 291, Housei. Lea. Obst vas lle ‘ Houstonensis. Lea. Jl. Aca va Sei, a 358; Obs. viii. 40 : : aed f. Gabb. Calif. Stare 3 il. 190 Hueti. Bourg. Rey. et Mag. Zool. 1855, 832 : : i : ‘ humerosoides, f. Let Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. 1868, 163. ; : : : harneroates Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 301; Obs. xu. 61 ‘ humilis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sei il. 996; Obs. vi. 16 . : Hunteri, f. Hislop. Jl. Gee. Soe. avis 174 “peitinns, fea. Tr. Am. PhaSoe: x. plz f.4; Obs. iv. 43 . : : : : hybridus, f. Sow. Min. Conch. ii. 1238 Hydianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vi. pl. 6, f. 14; Obs. 11. 14 5 hyleeus. D Orb. Mag. de Zool. No. 62, p- 36 lanthinus. Phili. Mal. Blat. 1869, p. 46 . icterinus. Con. Hr. Wat. Shells, pl. 6, f. 5 imbricatus, f. Hislop. Jl. Geo. Soc. xvi. . imbricatus. Mdrch. Peter’s Moer. vii. 170 imperialis, More. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1862 incerta, f. JL de Serr. Grat. Moll. 48 PAGE INDEX OF SPECIES. PAGE incrassatus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. viii. pl. 16, f. 34; Obs. 11.55 =. 37 INncurvus. tee Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. ll 1% f. 27; Obs. i. 107 : : 54 incurvus, f. S. Wood. Crag. Moll. ie 98. 6d Indicus. Sow. Conch. Icon. No. 322 5. Bl indefinitus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 15; Obs! xa. 19) : : : : 5 (Ul ineptus. Lea, Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 15, i 12; Obs. v.17. : 50 inflatus. sees reyAumns he Sale Iv. a 14, f. 28; Obs. i. 109 5 ; . 28 inflatus. Bar. Am. Jl]. Sci. v. 6 : : inflatus. Stud. Schweizer Conch. 30 . 59 infucatus. Con. New Fr. Water Shells, pl. Diplee « : , : ; : . 30 Ingallsianus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 24, f. 41; Obs. v.38 . 58 inornatus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii. 999: Obs. vi. 13 . : . 47 inornatus. Han. Reeve. lean ce 17 . 46 instructus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 82; Obs. vill. 86 : g 5 : . 38 insulsus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 53; Obs. viii. 57 : s : intermedius. Con. Monog. pl. 35,f.2 . 88 interruptus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. Ome Obs: is 15) 9% 3 . 43 interruptus. Con. Monog. pl. 48 ‘ . 50 interruptus. Say. Transyl. Jl. iv. 1831; Am. Conch, pl. 33. ; ol intercedens. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. ae iv. TT; @Obstevis ah. . 45 interventus. Lea. Jl. Maat Na. Sain v. 84: Obs. vill. 88 : 40 inusitatis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sa lv. 333; Obs. viii. 15 : 5 wl involutus. Bens. Tyrone Trades al 2) 5 GMi involutus. Han. Reeve. Icon.No.177 . 49 iridescens. Con. Cover of Monog. No. 11 63 iris, Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. iii. pl. 11, f. 18; Obs. 1.53. ‘ : : : - 60 inrasus. ea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 91; Obs. vill. 95 : : ‘ ; 2 96 irroratus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iii. pl. 5, f, 02 Ojpssals LL). 5 5 : . 84 ol Jacobeus. Phil. Mal. Blat. 1869, p. 44 . Jacqueminii. Dup. Cat. Extra Gall. Test. Jamesianus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 52; Obs. vi. 52 . Japanensis. Lea. Jl. Nerd Na. se lv. O44: Obs. vii. 62 . jaspideus (Mono?). ups. a Meee et R. Javanus. Lea. Tr. Gi Ph. Soe. viii. pl. ISy 26 G(s (lores, mail, tas} : lee! fea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. al 9, £23; Obs. 11. 28): jejunus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. S50. vi. or 4, LSOFR Ossie Jenkinsianus. Bens. An. aa Mee 1863 . ; Jewettii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 276; Obs. xii. 36 : é c : Johannis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 348; Obs. viii. 25 3 Jones. Lea. Jl. Bead Na. Se lv. 340; Obs. viil. 21 i Jordanicus. Bourg. Rev. e fine 1856, p- 78 : 5 Juliani. Rang. An. ae ie lv. 307 Keraudreni. Hyd. Mag. de Zool. 1838, pl. Ils} ae, al : ‘ : ; é Kienerianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. pl. 23, f.40; Obs. v.37 . : ‘ ‘ Kirchbergensis, f. Avrauss. Die Moll. der Wer, ¢ Kirkii. Zea. Jl. Shea Na. Ga vi. 32; Sone XS Ole c : : : ; Kirtlandianus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soo. v. pl. 14, f. 41; Obs. i. 210 . atts ‘ee, ir. Arm. BRS0C: x a pet Ses Obss veal : Kraussil. ew (Castalia suleata, Krauss) Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 376 . : Kaullethensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 251; Obs. xii. 11. Kurrit. Kiist. ? Labacensis. Zieg. Rossm. Tigath No.2 2, p. a1 lacaziana, f. Drap. Grat. Moll. 48 : lacrymosus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iii. pl. 6, f. 8; Obs. i. 14 : : lacteolus. D Orb. Mag. de Zool. 18 35, p. dt lacteolus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 8, f.19; Obs. 1. 152 ; : ‘ F leevigatus. Kiist. Conch. Cab. . ° leevirostris. Ben. An. and Mag. 1862 levis (Allorisma), f. Hichw. Thier. p. 12 levissima. Desh. An. sans Ver. Vi. . : levissima (Symph.) Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. ii ple 1s, f20,-Obsri108 : leevissimus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. i. ph 1B} 16 UBo Oleh xe Gl : Tiemnarelians: Jogey, “Aliies Je\ranl, 12a, S50 xe pl.17, f. 20; Obs. v. 22 : lamellatus. Den Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. “ol 6, fe Ge Ook, this 1) . : Teun anrne, Baird & Ad. ere Zion Soe. 1867 : c ‘ s F lanceolatus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iii. pl. By 1g ae Olin abs) o 3 : : : Landbeckii. Phili. Mal. Blat. 1869, 45 Laonensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 63; los, oxi, OL : lapillus. Say. Am. Canali pl. 41 Largillierti. Phili. Menke Zeits. 1847, p. 94 Lartetii, f Now. Grat. Moll. 48 : latecostatus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. a 1, f. 2; Obs. iv. 42 laeralig f. Brown. An. N. iat Saul % ie) 1B : latiplicatus, f. Nout. Con. iGrat Moll. 48 . F Monog. p. 96 latirostris. Kiist. Conch. Cab. 86 latissimus. Sow. Conch. Icon. 337 . latus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 384; Obs. vi. 16 : Lavateri, f. Goldf. Petr. il. 182 : Layardii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na, Sci. iv. 248; Obs. vii. 61 . : : : Laymontianus, f. Noul. Grat. Moll. 48 Tazarus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. pl. 14, f. 9; Obs. v. 15 : Leail. Fu y. Griffith’s Cuvier, xii. 1, ra Ben. Jl. As. Soe. Ha Lecontianus. Lea. 5 JN eek; See vi. pl. 12, f 36; Aas u. 40 : Leibu. Lea. si Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 44; Obs. xi.48 . latiradiatus. PAGE 46 [= 59 63 65 28 28 28 384 46 30 INDEX OF SPECIES. _Leioma. Ben. An. & Mag. 1862 lemovicense. Ler. ? lenior. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. She: vill. ph 12, f. 18; Obs. i. 42 c 5 lenis. Gut Monog. pl. 58, f. 2 lens. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. 253, lv. al 8, f. 10; Obs. i. 90 lepidior. Lea. Jl. Mesa Na. Sih, v. 389; Obs. x. 26 . . 0 c : lepidus. Gould. Pro. Bost. S. N. H. vi. 15 leprosus. Miles. Geol. Sur. Mich. 248 leptodon. Con. Monog. pl. 33 . : , Tesleyi. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 352; Obs. viii. 34 : : : ; ‘ Lesueurianus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. 8, f. 6; Obs. iii. 33. : c Levedensis, f. (Pachyodon). Brown. I ING BOIS irs Saul th, ING, ae ts Q : Lewisii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 11; Obs vill. 75 : liasinus, f. Schiid. Liebmanni. Phili. Conch. iii. 27 Freie “Table, 933 Menke’s Zeits. 1847, and lienosus. Con. Am. Jl. Sei. KERGVis uel 1, f. 4, and Monog. p. 91 : : ligamentina. Desh, An. sans View 2 al ligamentinus. Zam. An. sans Ver. vi. 72 ligamentoides, f. Zea. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. 1868, p. 164 4 ; A : ligula. Jousson. Moll. von Java, 94 Limagne. Bouil. Bouil. Cal. 81. ; limatulus. Con. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. i. 276. limosus. Nilss. Hist. Moll. Sues. 110 Lincecumii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 312; Obs. vi. 72 . : : : : 5 Lindsleyi. Zea, Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 851; Obs. vill. 83 lineatus. f 20; Obs. ii. 44 j lineolatus. Say. Am. Conch. i 68 . lineuseformis. Lea. Jl. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. 845; Obs. viii. 27 : Shuttsworth’s ievell Lea, Tr. Am. Ph. Sie. viii. ph 12, Haines’ Cat. liratus. Listeri, f. Sow. Min. Conch. ii. a 23 lithophagus. Ziegl. . litoralis. Zam. An. sans Whe vi. 76 INDEX OF SPECIES. litoralis, fi Drap. Mag. N. H. 1833, p. 41 Livingstonensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. AES (Dosh sat, ks}, ¢ : ; lobata. De Cr. and Jan. Cat. Collectionum locellus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 264; Obs. xi1. 24 : : : . longidentatus. Anton. Verz. der Conch. . longirostris. Ziegl. Rossm. Icon. pl. 14 Long-thick-horse-muscle. Petiv. Gazophy. vi. longus. Philt. Mal. Blat. 1869, p.44 . lucidus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 9; Obs. sail, 113} ¢ 6 : é c : : lugubris. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 9, f. 25; Obs. ii. 30 . : : ‘ lugubris. Say. Am. Conch. pl. 43 lunulifer. Bourg. Rey. et Mag. 1856, p. 71 Juridus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. = 20, 29 Obss v2.9). : é : Monog. pl. 23 luteolus. Con. luteolus. Zam. An. sans Ver. vi. 79 ‘ Juteus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii. 291; Obs. vi. 11 . : : lutulentus. Gould. Wilkes’ We S. Bic. xii. 498, , Lyonii. Lea. Ji. ead. Na. Se. ae 259 ; Obssexir. 19). ‘ F : : : Maccarthyanus. Bourg. Moll. Nouy. 221 macer. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 202; Obs. ix. 24. j : : : ge - macilentus. Ben. An. & Mag. 1862 . Maconensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 98; Obs. vi. 93 . Z ‘ ; : ; macrodon. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 198; @bjssix os macropterus. Dunk. Zeits. Mal. 1846, } p- 109 maculatus. Con. Fr. Wat. Shells, pl. 4, f. 4 Maleolmsonii, f. Hislop. Jl. Geo. Soe. sf. eee : mamillalus, f. Hislop. a: eo Soe. xvi. 17 5 Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. 80 . c More. Jl. de Conch. 1865, p. manca. Mandarinus. 19 ; ; : : : Mandelslohi, f. Dh Pealicorifologia: iv. 21 Mantelli, f. Fit. Sow. Min. Conch. vi. 189 Pe ctis, Gould. Pro. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist. Aug. 1855 . PAGE 69 Mardinensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 252; Obs. xii. 12 : : : margaritacea. Drap. Moll. pl. 10 margaritica. Klein. Meth. Ostrac. 145 margaritiferus. Drap. Hist. Moll. pl. 10 . margaritiferus, f. Horn. : Bronn. marginalis. Zam. An. sans Ver. vi. 79 marginis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 255; Obs. xii. 15 5 : : : Martinii, f. #t. Sow. Min. C. iv. 179 Masoni. Con. Fr. Wat. Shells, pl. 5, f. 2 Massini. More. Jl. de Conch. 1864, p. 288 Matoniana (Myt.) D’Orb. Mag. de Zool. No 62, p. 35 : Mauritianus. Zea. Jl. Acad. ANG 8. iv. 257; Obs. vil. 75. : : : : é Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. Mecklenbergensis. Vas IS lors sat, Wal . ; Medetinns! caaeeie Acme tehe Sie: vi. pl. 12, f. 834; Obs. 11. 34 . : 3 Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 24; mediocris. te (OVsEE cal, Ash 2 ; E medius. Lea. Jl. Nea Na. Se We Mt3e Obs. viii. 82 megapterus. JJore. J1.de Conch. 1864, p- 159 melinus. Con. Monog. pl.55,f1 . E melleus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 250; Obs. vii. 68 . : : membranaceus (Myt.) Jat, Tee Thee x pl. 24 . a Menkei, f. Koch & D. Bete Ool. pl. (Gite 1 igen Lea, Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vi. pl. 19, £. 59; Obs. ii. 76 : : ; Menzieni. Gray ve : : 3 Mercerii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 209; Obs. ix. 31 . : : ; < ; merdiger. Reeve. Conch. Icon. No. 145 . merdiger. Walsh. Jay’s Cat. . Meridithii. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. ea. v. 65; Obs. viii. 69 : ¢ Merodabensis. V. dem Bush Conch Cab. merus. Lea. Tr Am, Ph. Soe, 2), plelb, sf: 10; Obs. v. 16 : - metadlitare. Say. Dissem. 1831. : metanevra (Teliderma). Swain. Malac. 271 metaneyrus. Raf. Ann. des Sci. Phys. v. 305 125 PAGE 124 metastriatus. Con. Monog. pl. 57, f. 2 Mexicanus. Phili. Menke’s Zeits. 1847, p. 95, and Conch. pl.6,f.3 . Mesionnias Sow. Reeve. Conch. Teor 281 micellus. Jfore. Jl. de Conch. 1865, p. 21 micans. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 59; Obs. vill. 63 : j : : é Michaudiana. Des Moul. Lin. Soc. Bord. Val jolly Al 5 Michonii (Monoe.) Bourg. Vow Mer. Mort 74 micropterus. More. Wide Cones 1866, 63 minor. Lea. f. 3; Obs. iv. 84 . : minutus, f. Purch. Bronn. Pale. 55 Mississippiensis. Con. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. i. PT modestus. Fer. a, : modicellus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sui lv. 847; Obs. vill. 29 : Jl. Acad. Na. Sait lv. 204. modicus. Lea. Obs. vii. 22. : modiolaris, f. Sow. Geol. Tr, 2 ‘ser. v. “Fe 39, f. 10 “ modioliformis. Lea. Tr. ane Ph. Soe. Vv. pl. 13, f. 40; Obs. i. 209 modioliformis oe ay. MSS. : meestus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. ph 26, 60; Obs. ui. 82 : z Molen Phili. Conch. iii. 50 . : monodontus. Say. Dissem. & Am. Geng EO ¢ Mongolicus (arga.) ‘Midd. Sibi. eice! 7, Teal pss 5 Monroensis. Lea. Tr, dea. Ph. See, i Al ANPEE Os ODS abyss are c montanus. Pili. Mal. Blat. 1369, 48 Mooresianus. Lea, Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 39; Obs. x1. 43 ; Micon ais. Depuy. Kssai sur ie Moll. p- 80 . : . Morayicus. Jay’s OAbinen Moreleti. Desh. Exp. Sci. d’ Algeria, at 109 Morini. More. Test. Nov. No. 2, p. 25 Mortoni. Con. Monog.pl.6,f.1 . Mortonicus. Reeve. Conch. Icon. 118 Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. ix. pl. 39, PAGE 63 53 50 63 45 48 INDEX OF SPECIES. Mosambicensis. J/art. Peters’ Moer. vii. 218 Mosulensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 52; Obs. xi. 56 . : : Moulinsianus. Dup. Moll. de ie Manne : Moussonianus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 18, f 22; Obs. v. 24 : mucidus. More. Moll. du Port.111 . mucronatus. Bar. Am. Jl. Sei. vi. Muellert. Rossm. Icon. ii. pl. 40 Miuhlfeldianus. Zea. pl. 12, f. 86; Obs. ii. 41 F multidentatus. Phili. Conch. iii. 46 : multiplicatus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. pl. 4, £2; Obs.1.80 . multiplicata. Desh. (An. sans Viet 2d ed.) multiradiatus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iii. pl. 9, f. 15; Obs. 1. 48 . : : Wiis ie rs Atmeae he Bho. iv. jolly IA 3 Pe lose WO |< ; Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 40: mundus. ren: Obs. xi. 44 . : : Murchisonianus. Lea. Tr. AG Ph. Soe. v. pl. 3, f. 6; Obs. 1. 145 : c Murrayensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 803; Obs. xii. 62 musivus. Speng. Skrivter Nat. reise Vv. 3 mutabilis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 248; Obs. vii. 66 mutatus. Mouss. Myersianus. Lea. 290; Obs: vi. 10); mytiloides ( Uniopsis). Moll. von Java, 92 Swain. Mala. 382 . Sh. & Hat. Feb. 1831. c mytiloides. Raf. Ann. des se Tiere We 313 Con. Am. Jl. Sci. xxv. pl. 1, f. 7, and Monog. pl. 20 mytiloides. mytiloides. mytiloides. Desh. Hncy. Meth. pl. 249 Nagpoorensis. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 270; Obs. vu. 88 . Lam. An. sans Vert. vi. 16 nana. 5 nana, f. S. Wood. Crag. Moll. 11. 98 : Napeanensis. Con. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. 11. 296 Nashvilliensis. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 14, f. 48; Obs. i. 212 nasuta (Mya). w ‘ood. Ind. Test. Supp. pl. 1 Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. Jl. Acad. Na. Sei. iii. Transyl. Jl. Med. PAGE INDEX OF SPECIES. UNIO. nasuta. Lam. An. sans Vert. vi. 75 : nasutoides, f. Zea. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. 1868, p. 163 ‘ ; G : : nasutulus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 12; Obs. xi. 16 . ; nasutus. Say. Nich. Baeye re Conch. Natalensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 59; Obs. xi. 73 . ; : : j j Nathusii. Kiist. Syst. Conch. Cab. ix. 92 naviculoides. Zeca. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 94; Obs. vi. 94 ‘ Per eeens. Lam. An. sans ere vi. 15 C navigioliformis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 245; Obs. vil. 63. Fr. Wat. Shells, nebulosus. Om negatus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. a v. 76; Obs. viii. 80 : 5 ; 5 : neglectus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. ix. a 42, f.10; Obs. iv. 38 . Riles. eh Jl. Acad. Na. Sui ly. “212 Obs. vii. 80 ‘ Held. Kiist. nessorynchus. Gonch ie 116 Neusensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 60; Obs. viii. 64 : ‘ é : : Newcombianus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii, 312; Obs. vi. 32 nexus. Say. Transyl. Jl. Meds iv. 1831; Am. Conch. pl.51 Nicaraguensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na, Sei. Vi. 296; Obs. xii. 56 : : Nicklinianus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. plete leeObs: 1. 140). : nigellus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. Ph 24, p42 Obs. Wadoh. 3 Monog. pl. 26 Soe. v. niger. Cin : niger? Raf. An. des Sci. ae v. 291 nigerissimus. Lea. Tr. 5 JPN, ISOS Oe pl. 18, f. 28; Obs. v. res nigricans. itz. Sys. Vertz.119 . nigrinus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. pl. 24, f.44; Obs. v. 40. Niloticus. Fer. Caill. Nilssonii, f. Kock. Beitr. zur Kenn, Ool. 18 nitens. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. e 12, f. 19; Obs. 111. 48 32 Voy. a Meroé, ii. 48 UNIO. Fer. MSS. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. li. 297 Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 380; nitidens. nobilis. Con. nocturnus. Lea. Obssxy Gin. ; ; : : é nodiferus. Con. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vin. 179, and New Ser. 1. 277 : : nodosa (Mya). Hat. Zool. Text Book nodosa (Mya). Lin. Syst. Nat. 3222 . nodosus. Bar. Am. Jl. Sci. vi. nodulatus. Con. Monog. pl. 45, f.1. 3 nodulosa (Mya). Wood’s Conch. t. 22, f. 1-4 nodulosa. Lam. An. sans Vert. vi. 78 Northamptonensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 190; Obs. ix. 12 notatus. Lea. Tr. Am. f, 22: Obs; 1. 28). : Novee-Hollandiz. Gray. Pro. Zool. eee. 1834 : ‘ Novi-Eboraci. Lea. Tr. Ae Ph. oe vi. pl. 24, f. 114; Obs. 11.104 . : c nubilus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 298; Obs. xii. 58 0 : nucalis, f. Meek & Hayden. *Pro! fost Na. Sci. Mar. 1858 : nuciformis, f. Hibb, Tr. Rol.S. Bd. xiii. 945 nucleopsis. Con. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. and Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. i. 276 F Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii. 306; Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 8, nucleus. Lea. Obs. vi. 26 . ; ; ; : : nuculinus. Phil’. Menke’s Zeits. 1848, p. jG ¢ F : : : nuperus. Ziegl. MSS. : ; : Nuttallianus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Ses lil. 3810; Obs. vi. 80. 3 nux. ikon Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. “lh 24, f 43; Obs. v. 39 ‘ Dunk. Menlea's Tews ‘1948, nuxpersicus. p.83 . : : Nyasse. Sow. Reeve’s Conch ean 204 Nyassaensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 33; Obs. xi. 37 . : obesus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Sat iv. Ph 13, f. 26; Obs. i. 106 , obfuscus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 197; Obs. vii. 15 126 = UNIO: oblatus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 18; Obs. 11.17 . : é : ; : obliqua (Mya). Wood. Index Test. Supp. pl. 2 ‘ é : 0 ; : obliquiradiatus. Reeve. Conch. Icon. 151. obliqnus. Zam. An. sans Vert. vi. 72 obliquus. Con. Monog. pl. 48, f. 2 oblitus. Lea. Note, ante, p. 64 : oblongata (Mya). Wood. Index Test. Sn WA obnubilus. Thee... Ji. ead Na. Sci i 84: Obs. vi. 84 . : a é : , obscurus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 3, ib (3 Obs wh obtusa. Fer. D’Orb. Mag. ae Zool No. 62, p- 80 obtusa. Potier and eee ican Das Molle? < obtusa. Cuv. Reg. Anim. New Ed. pl. 92 obtusus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. rues f. 13; Obs. i. 39 oceatus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. et Vv. "308; Obs. x. 34. : : é occidens. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iii. al 10, if 192 Os, 4) o . ¢ : oceidens. Desh. An. sans Vert. ‘2d a occidentalis. Con. Monog. pl. 36, f. 1 occultus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. ix. pl.41, 15 8 Olospinye wll ¢ ochracea (Sym.). Lea, Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. 111. 455; Obs. i. 69 peinceed Hampeitlis) Se: Shells pe New Eng. p. 14 . ochraceus. Say. Nich. ney ai Cone eee géensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. ; Obs. vii. 99 . 5 Loans Con. Pro. Acad. Nat Sei. iv. and Jl. New Ser. i. 275 olivarius. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. mi 16, f. 38; Obs. i. 118 : opacus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. A 86; Obs. vi. 86 . opalinus. Anth. Am. Jl. Gacen 1865, j p- 140 Opperti (Monoc.?) Bourg. Mag. Zool. 1856 oratus. Con. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. and Jl. New Ser. i. 276 PAGE 60 39 44 38 56 64 tt 53 45 INDEX OF SPECIES. UNIO. orbiculatus. Hild. Am. Jl. Sci. xiv. Orbignyi. Deville & Huppé. Rev. & Mag. de Zool. 1850, pl. 16, f. 1 ; Oregonensis. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe: ms a, 22, f. 38; Obs. v. 31 oriens. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. ne 6, f 5; Obs. i. 83 : orientalis. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Se ae otk Ish eciss Oloise wot, BY) ¢ : : orientalis. Fer. Tat a orientalis. Parr. Label . : orientalis. Bourg. Voy. Mer. Mort. 78 ornatus. ea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 80; Obs. vill. 89 ; : : : : ee Tea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. a Obshexiao lame : Aenea Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. See vi. Obs. xii. 10. : : : 2 ¢ orthonotus, f. Con. New York Geol. Sur. 1839, p. 66 . Ortonii. Lea. . Jl. eat No. So. vi. “391; Obs. xii. 81 . . Osbeckii.. Phili. Conch. iil. 45 ; ostreatus. . More. Test. Nov. No. 1, p. 29. Othealoogensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 74; Obs. vi. 74 : ovalis (Mya). Soland. MSS. ovalis (Mya). Monta. Test. Brit. 34 . ovalis, f. Turton. (Anthacosia, King). Man. 297, t. 2, f. 12 ovalis. ee. Nov. Test. Coma ovata (Mysca). Turt. Man. 21, pl. 2 ovata (Afglia). Swain. Malacol. 378 ovata (Mysca). Swain. Malacol, 277 . ovata. Valen. Voy. de Humboldt : ovata (Mya). Don. Brit. Shells, pl. 122 . ovata. Stud. Schweizer Conch. 80 ovatus. Say. Nich. Ency. Am. ed. Conch. plays 0 oviformis. Con. Sind tyes oxyrynchus. pachysoma. Ben. Paivanus. ore. 227 New Fr. Wat. Shells, pl. Mart. Peters’ Moer. vii. 57 An. & Mag. 1862 . ¢ Jl. de Conch. 1864, p. PAGE INDEX OF SPECIES. UNIO. paliatus. Lavenel’s Letter . : pallens. Parr. Rossm. Icon. xi. 13 . F pallescens. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 7, f. 20; Obs. iv. 58 : : : : pallidofulvus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 83; Obs. viii. 87 5 : ‘ : paludicolus. Gould. Pro. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. Aug. 1845 . c paludosus. More. Test. Nov. No, aN “30 Panacoensis. Phili. Conch.i. 75. ; papyraceus. Gould. Bost. Jl. Nat. Hist. Aug. 20, 1845 paradoxus, f. isch. Bronn’s Leth. Geog. Paraguayensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. PHALS ors saben : : ; : parallelopipedon. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. v. pl. 8, f. 20; Obs. i. 172 parallelus. Con. Jl. Acad. Na. eh vill. Ua %e parallelus, f. Sono, eal: Tr, oSer, v. t 89, f. 8 eran attonsis. Lea. Jk Desa Ne Bei = 60; Obs. xi. 64. : ‘ : ‘ Paranensis. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. v. PI 14, f. 42: Obs.i.211 . 3 Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. "262 parcus. ee. Obs. xii. 22 5 parma. Bens. Reeve. Gencle Tem 51d : Parreyssi. Pili. Conch. iii.81 . : parvulus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 45; Obs. xi. 49. . : : : parvus. Bar. Am. Jl. Sci. 1828 é Patagonicus. D’Orb. Voy. So. Am. pl. 70 patelloides. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 383; Obs. x. 19 : patulus. Zea. Tr. ‘let Ph. She. il. a aly f. 20; Obs. i. 55 . : paulus. ie Alger, Je1n Sa: vill. Ph 15, f, 29; Obs. ii. 51 pauperculus, Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 99; Obs. viii. 103 Pawensis. Obs. xii. 62 ; ‘ Pazii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. seh vi. 61: Obs. Sh OSs. S Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. aa vi. "302; 51 39 UNIO. Pearlensis. Con. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. Jan. 30, 1855 : : ; : : pectitus. Con. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. 1.297 . pectorosus. Con. New Fr. Wat. Pe so) pl. 6, dealers 2 : . peculiaris. Lea. Jl. Hew Te Sei. v1. 265; Obs. xii. 25 : : : : : Peguensis. Anth. Am. J]. Conch. i. 351 . pellis-lacerti. More. Jl. de Conch. 1865 pellucidus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 2, f. 6; Obs. iv. 44 . : Penchinatianus. Bourg. Rey eh Mapa 1865 penicillatus. Lea, Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 203; Obs. vu. 21 . penitus. Con. 1 dt : penultimus, f. Gabd. leont. i. 182 Z : Pequottinus. Linsley. iG Ji. Sci. 1845, p- 277 pereeformis. Lea. Jl. ‘Acad. Na. Sei. Vv. 384; Obs. x. 20 . percoarctatus. Lea. 59; Obs. vill. 63 : 5 perdix. fea. Tr. Am. Ph. Sot v. at 100 f. 31; Obs. i. 184 peregrinus, f. Phil. New Fr. Wat. Shells, pl. 5, Vest Sue Calif Pa Jl. Read Na. Sai v. Geol. Vorlahine: 115 perlatus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 15; Obs. xi. 19). : ; 3 : perlucens. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 18; Obs. xi. 22 permiscens. Lea. Jl. ee Na. See v. 102; Obs. viii. 106. : pernodosus. Lea. Tr. Am, Ph. S08 xe 318; Obs. iv. 45 . : : perobliquus. Con. Cover of No. 9, Noaae, and Monog. 51 : 5 perovalis. Con. New Fr. Wat. Shells, pl. 2, tah . perovatus. Con. ian Jl. Shoe XXY. rae i fo ; : : : : : perpastus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 69; Obs. vii. 73 . : : ‘ : perpictus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 350; Obs. viii. 32 43 44 128 UNIO. perplexus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. _ 17, f.42; Obs. 1. 122 5 perplicatus. Con. Pro. Acad. Na. te 18 and Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. viii. 178, and i. New Ser. 276 perpurpureus. Lea. 46; Obs. x1.50 . agar linine Lea, Jl. Dust Na. eas v. 66; Obs. viil. 70 . personatus. Say. legen 1829 persists: Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. all 11 Be Olosh wa Ill persulcatus. Lea, Jl. Acad. Na. Sa lv. 255; Obs. vii. 73 . Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. J cea Na. Ren i 8. pertenuis. Lea. Obshsa 27. c Peruviana. Lam. An. sans vert vi. 71. petrinus. Gould. Pro. Bost. Soc. N. Hist. Aug. 1855 petrosus, f. Mort. Am. JI. Sei. XXIX. p. 149 Petrovichti. Kiist. Syst. Conch. ix. 98 Petterianus. iist. Syst. Conch, ix. 97 Pfeifferi. Dunker. Menke’s Zeits, 1848, p. Ss ie : : a DGS 5 . phaselus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. ii. 297; Obst : phaseolus. Hild. Am. Jl. Sees xiv. phaseolus, f. Sow. Trans. Geol. Soc. 2d Ser. v.. : ¢ . : Phillipsii. Con. Monog, pl. v. f. 1 Phillipsii, f. Welliams, Phil. Mag. ix. 351 Philippii. Dup. Extra Gall. Test. Cat. 1849 Pianensis. Farines. An. Sc. Nat. 2d Ser. rl, JLiks} Pianensis, f. 8S, Wood. Grae? Moll, il. 1.98. piceus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 3879; Obs. x. 15 a - : é : pictorum. Retz. Nova Test. Genera, 111. pictorum. Zam. An. sans Vert. vi. 77 pictorum (Mya). Forskal. Desc. Animalium, 128-, 4 pictorum tenuis aye). vale ; ; : : pictorum Ghia) ee Conch. Cab. vi. 7 pictorum. Drap. Moll, France, pl. 2 Chem. Conch. Cab. PAGE INDEX OF SPECIES. UNIO. pietorum (Mya). Lin. Syst. Nat. 1112 pietorum (Mysca). Turt. Manual, 20 pictus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. 1G. f. 32; Obs. 1. 185 piger. Te Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 387; =G ZB : pilaris. Lea. Tr, ee Ph. Soe. =i Ph 14, f. 24; Obs. i. 47 : : Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. Vi. “981; Obs. pilatus. Dees Obs. xu. 41 : ; pileus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Shs iv. a 18, f. 47; Obs. i. 129 F ; c pimax. Ber An. and Mag. 1862 pinguis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 78; Obs. vi. 78 . pinguis, f. Sand. Conch. des Mainze, t. 28, PAG ; ; : piscinalis. Ziegl. Rossm. Icon. iii. 28 placitus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. pl. 33, f. 38; Obs. v. 85 . : : -ibeieneims, Ben. An. and tits 1862 plancus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 81; Obs. viii. 85 : ; 5 ‘ : planicostatus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 354; Obs. vill. 86 é shatibyerns: Con. Monog. pl. BT, fe 1 : planior. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 316; Obs. xi. 76. 5 : . c : planivalvis. More. Test. Nov. No. 2, 24 . planus. Stud. Schweiz. Conch, 30 planus, Barnes. Am. Jl. Sci. vi. . planus, f. Romer. Nord. Ool. pl.5 . ; Plantii. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 192; Obs. vii. 10 platyrhynchus. platyrhynchoides. Test. : . : : : : plectophorus. Con. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. i. 277 plenus. Zea, Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. 14, f. 26; Obs. ii. 49 - c plexus. Ga Monog. pl. 49, f. 12 plicata (Mya). Hat. Zool. Text Book plicatus. Lesweur, Say. Nich. me Art. Am. Conch. : : Con. Rossm. Icon. f. 180 f Dup. Cat. Extra Gall. Monog. pl. 65 plicatus, PAGE 59 59 INDEX OF SPECIES. UNIO. plicatulus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 247; Obs. vil. 65 . : pliciferus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. She vi. a 7, f.53; Obs. 1.6 . 3 Bierinarins Villa. Cat. Moll. aor. 62 . Poeyanus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. ui. 315; Obs. vi. 85 . politus? Say. Synopsis; aoe Gonche No. 6 politus. Con. Monog. pl.37,f.2 . é ponderosa (Mya). Soland. Dill. Des. Cat. i. 51 ponderosus. Spitz. Kiist. 88, pl. 23 Popeii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 372; Obs. vin. 54 : : porphyreus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sa. V. 80; Obs. vill. 84 porrectus, f. Sow. Min. aad, 189 . porrectus. Con. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. ii. 296 . Postellii, Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 214; Obs. iv. 82 . : : : : 5 Poulsoni. Con. New Fr. Water Shells, 25 Powellii. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. 19) f. 25; Obs. v. 26 . : : Pee engis. Bar. Am. Jl. Sci. vi. prelonga (Mya). Wood. Index Test. Sup. pl. 11 : prasinatus. Con. en Jl. icencr il. 279 5 prasinus. Con. New Fr. Wat. Shells, pl. : f.1; Monog. pl44 : Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 206; Prattu. Lea. Obs. iv. 24 . F preciosus. Fer. ot A : : pressus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. iii. pl. 12, f. 22; Obs. i. 64; Pro. Am. Ph. Soe. i. 237 : : : : : : Prevostianus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. pl. 19, f. 24; Obs. v. 25 é primigenius, f. Co New York Geol. State Report, 1839, p. 66 priscus, f. Meek and Hayden. Na. Sci. June, 1856. problematicus, f. (Cardinia, D’ Orb.) K pee zur Geol. Kennt. 265 - Pho. Sead productus. Con. Monog. at A, f i, 5 - productus. Mouss. Shells of Java, 93, t.17, tid, 39 PAGE 66 UNIO. Bourg. Rev. et Mag. Zool. Gould. U.S. Exp. Exp. 429 proechus. profugus. propinquus. Lea, Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 63; Obs. vil. 67 : , : : : proprius. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 256; Obs. xii. 16 : : : : : protensus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 256; Obs. xu. 16 : ‘ : . . proximus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. pl. 20 ie Obseve ait : Nat. Pruinosus. Nae Bull. ibid Sai, Hist. of Moscow? pruneosus. Ziegl. MSS. prunoides. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. Obs. xii. 83 : Prusii. Bourg. Rev. de Foal: 1856 . psammoicus. D’Orb. Voy. Am. Mer. pl. 71 psammactinus. Bronn. Phili. Conch. iii. 79 psoricus. ore. Test. Nov. No. 2, 25 pudicus. Lea. Jl. Acad, Na. Sci. iv. 346; Obs. vill. 28 : : : Pugio. Ben. An. and Mag. 1862; and Reeve, 516 . ; ; : pulchellus. er. dae ; : : pulcher. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vi. Pt 3, £6" ObseiisG. ; pullatus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sei. iv. 57; Obs. vi. 57 . : pullus. Con. Monog. 100° : pulvinulus. Zea. Tr. Am, Ph. Soe. x. a 8, f. 24; Obs. iv. 55 . . pumilis. Ziegl. MSS. : pumilus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pt 7, LL Obs, lin ae : punctatus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. Vi. 261; Obs. xii. 21. puniceus. Hald. Jl. Acad. Na. Sa vill. 201 purpurascens (An.) Swain. Zool. Il. pl. 160 purpurascens. Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. 73. purpuratus. Zam. An. sans Ver. vi. 71 . purpurea (An.) Valen. Humboldt’s Voy. pl. 48, dis : : ‘ : purpurea (Mya). Hat. Text Book : purpurellus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 198; Obs. vil. 16. 5 : : 130 IN UNIO. purpureus. purpuriatus. Say. Dissem. 1831. 2 purus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 61; Obs. vill. 65 pusillus. Lea. Tr. Bum. Ten, ices vill. Ph 18, f. 36; Obs. i. 58 saan foe NODS aco aa pustulata. Swain. Mal: aa O71 pustulosus. Lea, Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. iv. ae 1, £7) Obsni286) ; Jl. Acad. Na. Se v. 67; Pybasii. Lea. Obs. vil. 71 2 pygmeus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. sea xe a 15, Pll Obseave Se. 3 yaar deine. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Sen. lv. plpl6, 0 Obs 1 LI . Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 69: pyriformis. iets Obs. vi. 69 . : : c . quadrans. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 360; Obs. viii. 42 quadratus. Lea. Jl. Acad Na. Sei. lv. 338; Obs. viii. 20 quadratus. Reeve. Conch. ies quadrilaterus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. be Obss xt. 9 Tee Say. Am. Gace at 53 . : radians. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 201; Obs. vii. 19 ; : : : radiata (Mya). Gmel. Syst. Nat. 8920 radiata (Mya). Wood. Gen. Conch. 109 radiatoides, f. Lea. 1868, p. 168 : é : radiatus. Hild. Am. Jl. Sci. xv. 286 radiatus. Zam. An. sans Ver. vi. 73 radula. Ben. Hanley’s Supp. to Wood Raeénsis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 831; Obs. viii. 13 : 5 c . ; Rajahensis. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vii. pl. DB rcte bo a OOS: dil r Marts é Raleighensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Se vi. 6; Obsiaxa ON : ‘ : Rangianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. a ak 18, £26; Obs. 11. 95 rariplicata. iden An. sans Ver. vi. ral Say. Nich. Ency. Am. Conch. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. She. lv. Ga iG Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. DEX OF SPECIES. UNIO. rarisulcata. Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. 72 rasus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi, 5; Obs. xi. 54, in errata. Should follow Mosul- ensis : : c . : ; Raveneli. Con. New Fr. Water Shells, 39 Ravenelianus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl: 3, £5; Obs. i. 144. ; ravistellus. Mora. Test. Nov. No. 1, p. 29 Ravoisieril. Desh. Exp. Sci. de PAlg. 108 recta. Valen. Humboldt’s Voy. 234 . recta (Ligumia). Swain. Malacol. 378 rectilinearis. Sow. Reeve. Conch. Icon, 332 rectus. Zam. An. sans Ver. vi.74 . Reeveianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. a 20, f. 28; Obs. v.28 . reflexa? Rap Ann. des Sci. Ene v. 306 reflecus. Con. Monog. pl. 4, f. 1 : refulgens. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 317; Obs sai 77 : : : ; 5 regularis. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. PAS). 16 Be Ojos, wim, Sil : eel ‘chmidt. Drap. Moll. ne Requienit. Mich. Suppl. pl. 16 retusus. Zam. An. sans Ver. vi. 72 retusus. Held. Isis, 1836, p. 282 Retzii. Kiist. ? : : Reyniesii. Mich. Grat. Moll. 47 rhombeus. Wag. Test. Braz. pl. 28. rhombium (Diplodon). Spix. Test. Braz. pl. 28 j : ; ; rhomboidea (M, ia: Schrot. rhomboideus. Ward. MSS. ; rhombula. Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. 74 rhuacoicus. D’Orb. Mag. de Zool. No. 62, 36; and Voy. Am. Mer. . Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 198; Fluss. pl. 2 Riddellii. Lea. Obs. ix. 20 . c ridibundus. Say. Am. Genel al 5a rigida? (Mya). Wood. Index Test. Supp. Teal) rs : Pfeif. Uand and 8. Moll. 118 riparia. rivicolus. Con. Am. Jl. Conch. iv. 280 . rivularis. Con. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. 11. 296. Roanokensis. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 8, £. 21; Obs. ii. 27 PAGE 51 INDEX OF UNIO. Roanokoides, f. Zea. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. 1868, p. 164 : : ; : robustus, f. Sow. Geol. Trans. 2d Ser. v. 39 Roisyi. Michaud. Compl. de Drap. 112 Romeri, f. Dunk. Mon. Weald. pl. 11, f. 9 Ronsti. Dup. Grat. Cat. Test. Coll. . rosaceus. Dekay. Moll. N. York, 192 rosaceus. Con. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. and Jl. i. 275 rostratus. Stud. rostratus. Lam. Schweizer’s Conch. 30 An. sans Ver. vi. 77 rostratus. Valen. Ouy. R. An. pl. 92 rostratus, f S. Wood. Crag. Moll. 11.98 . rostriformis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 64; Obs. vi. 64 . rostrum. Lea. Obs. ix. 23 . Roswellensis. Lea. 205; Obs. iv. 23 . : Rothi. oe Rey. et Mag. 1865, 16 rotundatus. Zam. An. sans Ver. vi. 75 . rotunda? (Mya) Wood. Ind. Test. Hd. 1& Hd. 2, f 1 Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 201; Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. rotundus. Wag. (Dipldon, Sey ieee Braz. pl. 26 Rousii. Dup. Moll. one pl. 28 fal Cat. Rouxii, f. Noul. Grat. Moll. 48 : Rowellii. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 256; Obs. vii. 74 : rubellinus. Lea. Jl. Acad. ‘Na. ce iv. 70; Obs. vi. 70 . : rubellus. Con. New Fr. Wat. Shells, oll 6, £2 rubens. Menke. Synop. 2d Hd. 149 . rubidus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 95; Obs. viii. 99 ; : ; ; 5 tubiginosus. Lea, Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iii. pl. 8, f. 10; Obs. i. 41 5 ; rubra? Pap Ana des Sci. Phys. v. B14. rudis. Con. Monog. pl. 48, f. 1 rudus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv.266; Obs. vil. 84 ‘ E rufofuseus. Lea. Jl. ead: Nee ae vi. 282: Obs. xii. 42 ; : tufus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sei ly. 85: Obs. vi. 85. SPECIES. UNIO. rufusculus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. 14, fb; ODS. vA : rugatus. Menke. Seapets Moll. 90. rugosa. Poir. Hist. de Aisne : rugosa (Mya). Gmel. Syst. Nat. 3222; Hat. Zool. Text Book, 216 . rugosa (Triquetra). Wa ag. Test. Bawls a 29 ; rugososulcatus. Lea. Hk Gaal Na. Sei. 3. 266; Obs. xii. 26 é 5 rugosus. Bar. Am. Jl. Sci. vi. . rugosus. Anton. Werz. der Conch. . : Rumphianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 22, f. 34; Obs. v. 32 ‘ : Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii. 294: rusticus. ea Obs. vi. 14 . 2 ; Rutersvillensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Ne Sel ly. 856; Obs. vii. 38 é 5 rutilans. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Soe iv. 59; Obs: vi. 59 . saceulus. Anth. Am. Jl. oven 1865, * 157 Sagert. Con. Monog. pl. 29° sagitteeformis. Lea. pl. 22, f. 35; Obs. v.33 eee Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. 111. 298; sagittarius. (Nove Va ais sagrinatus. Sow. Reeve’s Ganda Tean. 345 Saladoensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 3870; Obs. vill. 52 ; Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sen iv. 339 Siena Obs. vii. 14 ; Sampsonii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na Sei. v. 192; Obs. ix. 14 . Sandrii. Vill. Cat. Moll. Rambardie Sapotalensis. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vill. plz Ai Obss inate fy. Satiliaensis hen Jl. Acad. Na. Sci lv. 216; Obs. vil. 34 5 Pr, Am., Ph, Sac: x, pl. ‘IY, f satur. Len: OS Obstive Zl Soul gt (Mlarg.) Bourg. Tiere Mer. ‘Mert pl. 3, f. 1—3 : Savannahensis. Lea. Jl. Mead New Sei. i Silo loss vast. saxeus. Con. Monog. pl. 60, f. 1 Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. -UNIO. saxulum, f. Mort. Am. Jl. Sci. xxix. 149 Sayti. Tappan. Am. Jl. Sci. xxxv. pl. 3, iy 43 E ; : : : , scalenia. Raf. Ann. des Sci. Phys. v. 309 Scamnatus. J/ore. Test. Noy. No. 1, p. 80 Schlegeli. Mart. Peters’ Moer. vii. 55 Schooleraftii. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 3, £95 Obs. 15449 : : Schwerzenbachii. Bourg. Rev. et Mag. 1856, p. 71 . : scitulus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. lv. 5 Obs. vill. 22 5 : Scobina. Ben. Hanley’s nm : scobinatus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. ili. 299; Obs. vi. 19 . : scutulatus. More. Test. Now. Ne! ie p- 30 Reeve’s Conch. Icon. 510 . Con. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. scutum. Ben. securtformis. Jl. i. 27 j : : : : securis. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. ii. pl. 11, & IL-8 Olek wil ¢ : : : : Conch.1.19 . semigranosus. Phili. : semiplicatus. TZroschel. Wieg. Arch. 1841, p- 180. : : 2 : semiquadratus. Sow. Reeve’s Conch. Icon. 258 : . . ; c semirugatus. Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. 76 . Seneltensis. Gass. Grateloup. Moll. de la France, 45 . ; : F : : Sennaariensis. Adist. Mal. Blat. 1867 seriatus. Parr. Fauna Dalmatiens, by Frau- enfeld, 1856 Shanghaiensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 242; Obs. vii. 60 : : ‘ : Shepardianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 18, f. 88; Obs. i. 207 Show aoe ar Jl. Acad. Na. Sah: Vv. 73; Obs. vill. 77 Shurtleffianus. Zea. Jl. oa Na. Sei ‘ii 3802; Obs. vi. 22 . ; j Shutileworthii. Lea. Jl. Acad. nee Sei ill. 3804; Obs. vi. 24 . , 5 amen. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sei. Vi. 279: Obs. xii. 89 ; é sicula (Potomida). Swain. Malac. 242 JEINP DID" Ay 52 SPECIES. UNIO. Sikkimensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 251; Obs. vil. 69 stliquoidea (Lampsilis). New England, 14 : siliquoideus. Bar. Am. JI. Sci. vi. similis. ea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 91; (or, wai Gil. E simonis. Trist. Pro. Zool Seat 1865 simplex. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. pl. 5, f. 15; Obs. iv. 50 : simus. ee AU AN, Tea, Sea, vi. vt 8, f 20; Obs. li. 26 sinuata (Potamida). Swain. Malucall 379 stnuata? Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. 70 : sinuatus (Marg.) Stud. Schweizer’s Conch. Stimp. Shells of 30 ; A ‘ : Ri . Sitifensis. fore. Jl. de Conch. 1851 Sloatinus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. 16, f.383; Obs. 11. 55, . : 2 An. and Mag. 1862 saipas ities. Ben. Smithii. Gray. Griffith’s Cuvier, xii. pl. 20, f. 3 : : ; c : : Solandri, f. Sow. Min. Conch. t. 6, p. 29 soleniformis. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. jolle WO} ae lye Olas, i, Gr : : solida (Mysca). Turt. Manual, 22, pl. 2 solida. Vill. Cat. Moll. Lomb. 10. : solidulus. Phil’. Mal. Blat. 1869, p. 45 . solidus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vi. pl. 5, {ie alsjs (ose alls 1s} c Solisiana. D’Orb. Voy. Am. Meet = 69 sordidus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 12, f. 1; Obs. v. 10 ; Sowerbianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. San v. pl. 10, #28. Obs: 1180) 5: : spadiceus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 55; Obs. vill. 59 : sparsus. Zea. ‘Tr. Am. Ph. oer viii. Pl 25, f. 58; Obs. ii. 80 2 Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. "306; sparus. Tok Obs. xii. 66 : spatulatus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Sr x, ae. f. 22; Obs. iv. 54 : speciosus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sei. v. 907; Obs. ix. 29 . PAGE 62 43 88 INDEX OF UNIO. sphericus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 319; Obs. xu. 79. : : : 5 : spheniopsis. More. Test. Nov. No.1, p. 29 Spillmanii. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 98; Obs. viii. 102 ¢ c : Spinelli. Villa. Cat. Moll. Lombar. . spinosus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. is 16, f. 50; Obs. 11. 57. : : spissus. iter Jl. Acad. Na. Sei. vii. 208; Obs. vil. 26. : splendens, f. Goldf. Pen il. 182 : splendidus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. Ho 61; Obs. 70). : : 5 spuria (Mya). Gmel. Syst. Nat. 8222 spuria. Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. “80° c squalidus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 22; Obs:xi; 26). : ‘ : : : squameus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 200; Oljsib, PAS stabilis. Zea. Jl. Alea ie: Soin Vv. 71: One vill. 75 : Staffinensis, f. or Bes: Geol. iL let 5, li 5 stagnalis. Con. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. Ji. 270: : stapes. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Saft lv. “sil 1, it, GS Obs. 1. 87 : . Con. Norio ‘a 46, f ale Steveniana. Arynicki. Bull. de Moseau . _ Stewardsonii. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 23, £36: Obs. v.34 . . Stonensis. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. an Sh 16 Oe Oley wi cis) e stramineus. Con. Am. Jl. Sci SOR pl 1, f. 6, and Monog. pl. 50 : Strebelu. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 318; Obs. xii. 78 . striatissimus, Anth. 156 striatulus. stegarius. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 55; Obs. viii. 59 : - striatus, f. Goldf. Petref. ii. 182, Theth. . : : : striatus. Lea. Tr. fen Ph. Soe. wae pl. 12, f. 16; Obs. iii. 41 Stricklandii, f. Phil’. 34 Bronn. Am. Jl, TON Gonene 1. Jl. Geol. Soe. xiv. . PAGE 30 40 66 SPECIES. UNIO. strictiplicatus, f Now? Grat. Moll. 48 strigosus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vii. pl. him Me Ojos we Glo Stuarti. Ac 1. & An. Reeve’s Gonch. Tek 981 suavidicus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. 11. 309; Obs! vi. 29 : s : ; : subangulatus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vii. pl. 18, f. 23; Obs. i. 47 ; Min. Conch. t. 33, punconenicne! f Sow. 1B ie ; suberoceus. Con. Jl. Rea. Na. Sei a 297 subellipsis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 62; Obs. vi. 62 . : : 3 : ’ subflavus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 90; Obs. vi. 90 . subgibbosus. Lea. Jl. Resi Na. Sas ly. = 6, f. 836; Obs. v1.53 subglobosus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Sie v. le 2, f.3; Obs.i.142 . : : ainda, Con. Monog. 97 ‘ P sublatus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 82; Obs. vi. 82 . subniger. Lea. Obs. vii. 14. suborbiculata. Lam. subovatus. Lea. 18, f. 46; Obs. i. 128 subovatus. Desh. ie : : subplanus. Con. Monog. pl. 41,f1. subporrectus, f. Rim. Nord. Ool. pl. 5 subreniformis. Bourg. Rev. et Mag. 1865 subrostratus. Say. Dissem. 1831 ; subrotundioides, f. Zea. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. 1868, p. 163 : : : : : subrotundus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. pl. 18, £45; Obs. i. 127 subrugosus, f. Math. Cat. : subsinuatus, f. Hoch. & Dunk. Beitr. Gk uf Pot yo: subspatulatus, f. Meee & Har tees Pret ‘Acad: Na. Sci. 1857, p. 146 . 3 substriatus. Lea. Jl. Acad, Na. Sci. i. 30; Obs. vi. 20 : subtentus. Say. Jl. Acad. ‘Na. ee v. and Am. Conch. pl. 15 : 4 Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 196; An. sans Ver. vi. 81 Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. pl. 154 UNIO. subtetragona. Mich. Conch. Drap. pl. 16 . subtetragonus, f. S. Wood. Crag. Moll. 11. 98 subtortus. Baird & Ad. Pro. Zool. Soc. 1867 subtrapezius. Phili, Conch. ii. 80 subtriangularis, f. (Pachyodon). Brown. An. Nat. Hist. xii. pl. 16 subtrigonus, f. Desh. Bronn’s Urw. Rone i. 5 : : 3 : Reeve’s Conch. Icon. 292 Tran. Geol. 8. subtrigonus. Sow. subtruncatus, fi Fit. iv. 178 ; ‘ ; : : : subtumidus. D’Orb. Prod. Palzeon. 11. 306 succissus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. pl. 21, 16 Bye (lol ive Gl ¢ : sudus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Obs. vii. 12. P suleatus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. ae lil. Pl 8, f.12; Obs. 1.44 . : suleatus, f Hichw. Potersbane Bulle: vil. suleidens. Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. 77 Sumatrensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 239: Obs. vil. 57 Sumatrensis. Dunk. Zeits. 1852 : superbus.. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. ix. i 42, fll Obs taveroo : suprajurensis, f. dm. Oolith. 3 Swainsoni. Sow. Reeve’s Conch. Tea Swerzenbackit. Bourg. Rey. et Mag. Zool. 1856 . : : : ; : ; Swinhoei. H. Adams. Pro. Zool. Soc. 1866; Reeve’s Conch. ce 232 symmetricus. Lea. a eAm = Phe Socyexs joll, ao 3 ILS lose sin ic ; : Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 58; Sow. Sci. iv. 194; Syriacus. Tee. Obs. xi. 60 . ; Tabascoensis. Phili. ubi ? teeniatus. Con. New Fr. Wat. Shells, 26 . Taitianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 4, 1 (ils ose ve Aayl * : : : Tampicoensis. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vi. PS Gately She li. 8 : Tappanianus. Ties, Ry Jeon, 1PIo, Sn vi. joll, dln, 2% Yay Be 11. 62 Taumilapanus. Con. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. Jan. 30, 1855 PAGE 54 30 INDEX OF SPECIES. UNIO. Tavoyensis. Gould. Pro, Bost. Soc. N. H. 1848 , P : : 2 ; Tecomatensis. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. 21, f. 48; Obs. ii. 72 : tellinarius, f. Goldf. Petrif.i1.180 . tenebricus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 83; Obs. vi. 83 . : : E - : tenebrosus. Con. New Fr. Wat. Shells, pl. 7, soy mn tener. Lea. Tr. Tse Ph. Sea; vill. ph 10, f. 10; Obs. ii. 36 Z tenerus. ain Ravenel’s Cat. Trennesseensis. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pls 10) falls Obsriti.-3 7 tenuis (Dipsas). Gray. Griffith’s Cuvier, xu. pl. 24, f. 2 - : : tenuissimus (Symph.) es MWe geboor, Tein, moe! mi, plot, f22i "Obs 67g : testudineus. or Test. Nov. No. 1, p. 28 teres? Raf. Ann. des Sci. Phys. v. 321 teres. Con. New Fr. Wat. Shells, pl. 7, £ 2 teretiusculus. Phili. Conch. in. 45 terminalis. f. 4 P terrenus, f. Mort. tesserule. Lea. Obs. xi. 44 . testudinarius. Speng. Strid Nat. cea i. tetralasmus. Say. Am. Conch. pl. 23 tetricus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 195; Obs. vil. 18 : Texasensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Wa Sei. ly. 859; Obs. viii 41 ; Theca. Ben. An. & Nae 1862 Thorntonii. Zea. Jl. ne Na. Sci. vi. 38; Obs. xi. 42 ; ; Thwaitesii. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Ser ly. 246. Obs. vii. 64 4 Tientsinensis. Crosse ¢& Dev: Pio: Hoult Soc! USO. . : ‘ : ; ; Tigridis. Bourg. Voy. Mer. Mort. pl. 4,7. Tigris. Fer. MSS. in Mus. at Paris . Topekaensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 313 Obs: xu. (3 j Raf. Ann. des Sci. Phys. v. 311 Am. Jl. Sci. xxix. p. 149 Jl. Acad. Na. Sei. vi. 40; torsa. Bourg. Voy. Mer. Mort. pl. 3, PAGE él 50 66 45 44 44 44 43 74 61 64 58 © 58 58 39 66 INDEX OF SPECIES. 135 UNIO. UNIO. PAGE PAGE tortivus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vii. ie tuberculata (Mya). Eat. Zool. Text Book 3 f. 17; Obs. i. 42 : 53 | tuberculatus. Con. Monog. pl. 22 . ee: tortuosus. Lea. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. ie tuberculatus. Bar.- Am. Jl. Sci. vi. 125 . 34 1865: Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 286; Obs. tuberculosa. Valen. Humboldt’s Voyage, xu. 46 ‘ é . : . eo Wado e : : : ; : » of tortuosus. Sow. Reeve’s Conch. Icon. 330 51 | tuberosus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. Toulouzanii, f. Mathe. Cat. 169 : 66 14, f. 25; Obs. 11.48 . Bis) trabalis. Con. New Fr. Water Shells, oT; pari eae. Ui, Nam, 2a, Soe. xe mn 3, and Monog. pl. 60, f. 2 : 2 39 ; Obs. iv. 45 . ; 38 transversalis, f. Jf. de Serr. Grat. Moll. 48 66 Fett Retz. Nova Test. Gene See transversus, f.. Brown. An. N. Hist. xii. t. jal 7) c : : : c : . 08 Geo : ; ; : 5 . 66 | tumidus, fi Sow. Tr. Geol. Soc. 1837 . 66 trapezoides. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. iv. pl. tumidulus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. ii. 295; Sh ip ile Olesho, fe) : ‘ ‘ 5 el Obsivae Lb) = : : P P 5 oy) triangularis. Bar. . Am. Jl. Sci. vi. . . 86 | tumulatus, fi Mort. Am. J]. Sci. xxix. 149 66 triembolus. Ben. An. & Mag. 1862 . . 64 | Tuomeyi. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. pl. 18, trifidus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 386; fA Obssve ka. - : 2 ; 5 OE: Obsiexq22) 7. : : . 50 | turgida, f. (Carbonicola). McCoy. Brown trigonus. Say. Am. Goaeh No. On 3 (Pachyodon). An. N. Hist. xii. t. 16, trigonus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. pl. 16, 1B dB). : ‘ F : ; . 66 f. 40; Obs. i. 120 : 88 | turgidulus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 62; trigonus, f Rim. Nord. Ool. 213, 1836 . 66 Obs. vill. 66 : - Bh re 42 trigonus, f. Kock. 1837, pl. 1, f. 2 ; . 66 | turgidus. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 5, trinacrus. Lea. Jl. Am. Na. Sree: Obs. fs Obsea, it. eo vill. 90 : - ; : : . 86] Turton. Payr. Cat. Moll. Cie 65 5 OE, tripartitus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 57; uber. Con. Am.Jl.Conch.0.279.. . 64 Obs. xi. 61 . ‘ ‘ : . 85 | Ubharéensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 304; Tripolitanus (Monoce.) Bowes ge | Voy.» Mer. Obs. xii. 63 : - o2 Mort. pl. 4,f.10,12 . : * _ 4D umbonatus. Bourg. Rev. Ey Nae 1865 dd triradiata. “Museum” at Paris . F 31 | umbonatus, f. Fisch. Bull. de Nat. 1840. 66 trirostris. Ben. Reeve’s Conch. Icon. 331 64 | wmbonatus. Rossm. Icon. iii. 36 . o+ tristis. More. Moll.du Port. 107. . 48 | umbrans.. Dea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 72; Troostii. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 10, Obs. vi. 72 . or at bells 5 ED f. 30; Obs. 1. 183 : : : . 89 | umbrosus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. i. 311; Troschelianus.. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. Obs. vi. 31 . c : : : . 41 pl. 28, £39; Obs. v. 36 : 40 | undatus. Bar. Am. Jl. Sci. 1823, p.121. 38 trossulus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. ix. ph 40, undulatus. Bar. Am. Jl. Sci.vi. . 5 BY faG sl Obsenya0 0m. : . 89 | undulatus. Desh. ——? 5 oY neat. Say. Am. Conch. a Gime . 86 | undulatus. Say. Am. Conch. a 16 _ 2 truncatus. Speng. Skriv. Nat. Hist. iii. . 64 | undulatus Marg.) Say. Nich. Ency. Am. truncatus. Swain. Zool. Ill. 2d Ser.i.pl.10 89 Eid. Art. Conch. . 68 truncatosus. Potier. Gall. des Moll. ii.158 64 | unicolor. Zea, Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. xe a fe truncatosa, f. Ifch. Mag. de Zool. 1887, f. 12; Obs. iv. 48 5 5 83) p- 85 . : 66 faileate f. Sow. Min. Coad. ib 33 5 HG} tuberculata? Raf. jan, des Sei avis Ve 308 34 | Urii,f Flem. Brit. Ani. 417 . ; 06 UNIO. Uruguayensis. Lea. Jl. Aca. Na. Sci. v. Sisto (Olos, = Ke wicuiess Gea. Tr. Am, Ph. Son xe at 1, fos Obseiva ton. : Valdensis, f. Mant. Sow. M. Conch. t. 646 Valdivianus. Phili. Mal. Blatt. 1869, p. 48 Valentinus. Rossm. Icon. iii. 387 : vallatus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 315; Obs. xii. 75 Vanuxemil. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 11, ££ 31; Obs. 11. 36 : variabilis (Mya). Mat. Linn. Trans. x. varicosus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. iv. pl. 1, 220: Obs: 2.100): varicosus Gare Lam. An. sans Tes: v1. 78 Vaughanianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl 3,03) Obs. 1.5 velaris. Ben. Hanley’s Des. Cat. al 93, f. 4 velatus. Con. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. i. 298 vellicatus. Reeve. Conch. Icon. velum. Say. Dissem. 1829 ventricosa (Mya). Soland. MSS. See Lis- ter, pl. 165 . : ventricosa (Lampsilis). Stimp. England, 14 ventricosus. Desh. Shells New An. sans Ver. 2d Ed. vi. 538 : ? f : ; ventricosus. Say. Am. Conch. pl. 32 ventricosus. Bar. Am. Jl. Sci. vi. . ventricosus. Reeve. Conch. Icon. 235 ventricosus, f. Bouwil. Bronn. Cat. 149 ventrosus. Kéiist. ——? . venustus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. S50, vi. “pha 2, f. 4; Obs, i. 4 onustas. More. Jl. de Conte 1866 Veracruzensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 320; Obs. xu. 80 F F Pro. Zool. Soe. 1863 . Vere- Pain: Trist. verecundus. Gould. Wilkes’ U.S. Explor. Exp. xii. 431 F : ; : : Verreauxianus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 801; Obs. vi. 22 VeErTUcosa. V Talen. Humboldt’s riage iil 231 verrucosa (Mya). Hat. Zool. Text Book verrucosus. Bar. Am. J]. Sci. vi. PAGE 46 46 66 64 28 oo WwW w H= GO oO = INDEX OF SPECIES. UNIO. Am. J]. Sci. vi. Synopsis in Am. verrucosus, var. b. Barnes. verrucosus albus. Say. Conch. No. 6 : verrucosus albus. Hild. Am. i, Se Xv. 981 verrucosus purpureus. Hild. xiv. 281 : : : P versus. Lea. See note, ante, p. 46 verus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 88; Obs. vill. 87 : : : : f : verutus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 330; Obs. viii. 17 : Vescoi. Bourg. Rev. et Maps aga. vl 9, f.4-8 . vestitus. Lea. Jl. ear Na. Sei. v. "180; Obssix. aie : : : ‘ ; vetusta. f. Meek. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. July, 1860 . : 2 : : vibex. Con. New Fr. Wat. Shells, 31 vicinus. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 61; Obs. vi. 61 . : 5 . 5 Vignonana. Reeve. Conch. Icon. 120 vindiflavus. Kiist. ? ; : j violaceus. Speng. Skriv. Nat. Hist. ii. Mag. Zool. 1835 . : : : : virens. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 80; Obs. vi. 80 . : virescens. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sel lv. 341; Obs. vill. 23 < Lam. An. sans ven vi. 79 Virginiana. viridans. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 337; Obs. viii. 19 5 viridicatus. Lea. Jl. Nasal Na. ae lv. 87; Obs. vi. 87 . viridiradiatus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci a 336; Obs. vil. 18 viridis. Con. New Fr. Wat. Shells, “al 9, ell viridulus. Lea. “JL. Nes Na. Sci. va 10; Obs. xi. 14 . vitreus. Stenz. Rossm.Icon. . vittatus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. "249; Obs. vii. 67 : : Voltzii, f. Koch. & Dunk. Berne zur Kenntniss, pl. 7, f. 3 vulgaris. Stab. Moll. di Lugano Am. Jl. Sci. PAGE Bas) 33 34 o4 46 38 57 46 50 66 48 52 52 59 51 52 42 44 52 52 60 62 58 48 35 66 59 INDEX OF SPECIES UNIO. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. Waccamawensis. Lea. vi. 16; Obs. xi. 20 Walteri, f£ Mant. Bronn. Gee te 313 Wardi. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 187; Obs. ix. 9 j F ‘ . Watereensis. Zea. See note ante, p.53 . Weldonensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. lS Obsy aie 15 : Wieizeleri, f. Dunk. ie to aaateaiees iil. 529 Wheatleyanus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii. 808; Obs. vi. 28 . : : ereianns. Hea: .Tr.-Am. Ph. iScen Kepl. 14,f8; Obs.v.14 . ‘ en Jl. Acad. Na. Sh lv. | 256; Wilsonii. Obs. vii. 74. : : Woodwardianus. Lea. Ji. Mende Nal Sci. weld -aObssvilel is Woolwichit. More. Moll. de Port, 105 Wrightii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 283; Obs. xu. 43 : : Wymanii. Lea. Jl. Acad. ‘Na. Sei. v. 381; Olosh <5 i// : ; . . ; Wynegungaensis. Lea, Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 271; Obs. vii. 89 ; Te Novara Exp. Moll. cee 2, Zelebori. p- 28. : Zeyheri. Menke. Testis 1848, p- 28 Zieglerianus. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 10, f. 27; Obs. 11. 382 zigzag. Lea. Tr, Am. Ph. Soe. ii. ah 12, felQ Obs: 1.04 pervermiani, Stentz. Potier. 158 . jie Sao, Gall. aes Moll. SUBGENUS MARGARITANA. abducta (Alas.) Say. MSS.? . : Alabamensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 104; Obs. viii. 108 : Beene (Alas) Say. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. ici a 5 arcuata (Alas.) Bar) i, Jl. sa =. O77 arcuata. Stimp. Shells of New Eng. 15 . 35 PAGE 36 53 MARGARITANA. arcuata (Mya.) Hat. Zool. Text Book arcula. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vi. te 22, ie (BE Ooi re Al : calceola. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. one ll. if Obs. i. 7 calceolus ( Unio). Conch. No. 6 cariosa ( Unio, var. 2). vi. 80 . Carolinianus ( Unio). Coq. ii. 139 : F : complanata(Alas.) Bar. Am.J1.Sci. vi. 278 complanatus (Alas.) Midd. Sibir. Reise, 278, pl. 27, f. 1-6 complanata (Unio). Desh. Seen Snape in Am. An. sans Ver. Lam. Bose. Hist. Nat. des An sans Ver. 2d edeavaer. : , complanata (Symph.) Dea. Tr. ieee Ph. Soc. ii. 448; Obs. i. 62 complanata (Mya). Bat. Zool. Text Book compressa (Alas.) Menke. Synopsis, 106 . compressa (Alas.) Vill. Cat. Moll. Lomb. 10 confragosa (Alas.) Say. Dissem. and Am. Conch. pl. 21 confragosa (Ui nio). Desh. ii. : Conaaaieassee Ten. iv. 229; Obs. vii. 47 : : : corrugata (Alas.) Dekay. N. York Report Nat. Hist. i. pl. 24, f. 259 crassissima. Klein. Tent. Meth. Ostra, 146 Curreyana. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. viii. pl. 18) 40> Obss ii: Gl): : : dehiscens (Unio). Say. Disseminator, ii. and Am. Conch. pl. 24 : deltoidea. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vi. pl. 13, f. 38; Obs. il. 43 . : depressa (Unio). Pfeif. IL. ands Moll. pl. 8 depressa (Alas.) Vill. Cat. Moll. Lom. 10 Tr. Hlém. Conch. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. Elliottii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 226; Obs. vii. 44 : 5 Sa : elliptica. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 106; Obs. viii. 110 elongata (Unio). Lam. elongatus (Alas.) Thompson. Shells . : : An. sans Ver. vi. 70 Cat. Irish 137 PAGE 69 67 68 67 67 138 INDEX MARGARITANA. Etowaensis. Con. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 154 ‘ 5 Z 3 5 - Etowahensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 227; Obs. vil. 45; (changed to Georgi- ana in Pro. Acad. Nat. Sci. 1859) fabula. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vi. pl. 13, f. 89; Obs. 11. 44 falcata (Alas.) Gould. Wilkes’ U.S. Exp. xii. 432 : : : : f fluviatilis. Shum. Nov. Syst. pl. 11, f4. Georgiana. Lea. Pro. Acad. Na. Sci. 1859 Gesnerii. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 211; Obs. ix. 83 . Sow. Valen. glabratus (Unio). hians ( Unio). pl. 54, f. 2 > : ; ; Hildrethiana (Unio). Lea. Tr. Am. Soe. v. pl. 3, f. 8; Obs. i. 148 Holstonia. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 18, f. 37; Obs. 11. 42 . 5 impressa (Alas.) Anth. Am. Jl. Conch: 1865, job WDE . 0 : a : incurva (Alas.) Fer. lar , ; margaritifera (Mya). Lin. Sys. Nat. 1112 margaritiferum (Alas.) Flem. Br. Animals Recueil a Obs. Welk ihe margaritiferus (Unio). Retz. Nova Test. Gen. 2 c : c marginata (Alas.) Sa J]. Acad. Na. Sci. 1,450 . marginata (A las.) Say. en Gonan: No. 6 minor. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 8, f 26; Obs. iv. 84. . j : : : oriens (Unio). Lea. Tr. Am. Phil. Soc. 6, pl; 6,45 (Obs. 1.183. Jl. de Conch: 1860 Pfeifferiana. Bern. quadrata. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 210; Obs. v. 32 é : 5 5 é radiata (Alas.) Con. Am. Jl. Sci. xxv. pl. aie ok) 3 Ray exieliana. Lea. Tr, ie Ph. Shi, v. ol tp O0s Obs, 1.216 & 3 requllosd (ee. Wood. Ind. Test. Stee if 7 rivalis (Unio). Ziegl. MSS. . Roissyi (Unio). Mich. Compl. Hist. Nat. 112 rugosa (Alas.) Bar. Am, J]. Sci. vi. 278. PAGE 68 67 OF SPECIES. MARGARITANA. rugosa (Mya). Hat. Zool. Text Book, 222 rugosa (Compla.) Stimp. Shells N. Eng. 14 sculptilis (Alas.) Say. Dissem. 1829 : sculptilis (Strop.) Stimp. Shells N. Eng. 15 stnuata (Unio). Stud. Schw. Conch. : Spiullmani. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 105; Obs. yi: 109° 5 : : c Stuarti. Ad.d An. Pro. Zool. Soc. 1863 Tombigbéensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 107; Obs. vin. 111 fiero, Lea. Jl, Acad, Na. Sci. iv. 928; Obs. vii. 46 é : Tripolitana (Alas.) Fer. ? truncata (Alas.) Con. New Fr. Wat. Shells 73 : é : truncata (Alas.) Rain MSS. undulata (Alas.) Say. Nich. Eney. Aca ed. and Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. i. undulata (Mya). Wood. Ind. Test. cae foll., i : varicosa (Unio). Lam. Ae sans Wee = 78 Vingnouana. Bern. Jl. de Conch. 1859 Vondembuschiana (Monoc.) Lea. Tr, Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. 18, f. 89; Obs. i. 60 Yubaensis (Alas.) Trask. Pro. Cal. A. N. 5. 1. 80 SUBGENUS PLAGIODON. isocardioides. Lea. Pro. Acad. Na. Sei. viii. 79; Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii. 318; and Obs. Wil Ol c ; unio isocardiovdes. See Errata. Reeve. Conch. Icon. 484. SUBGENUS MONOCONDYLGA. Bonellii (Alas.) Villa. Cat. Shells of Lom- bardy . : ; : c e : Bonellii (Alas.) Fer. MSS. labels. Rossm. Icon. 184. : : . : Cambodjensis. Petit. Jl. de Conch, 1865 . compressa. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 30; Obs. x1. 3+. PAGE 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 71 72 72 72 73 TENE EH exS sO nH MONOCONDY LGA. Corrientesensis. D’Orb. Mag. de Zool. No. 62, p. 38 . . : c costulata. Mort. Rev. et Mag. 1858 erebristriata. Anth. Am. Jl. Conch. i. 205 crispata (Alas.) Mouss. L. & 8. Moll. Java 97 : : : F : i : Cumingii. Lea. Pro. Zool. Soc. 1850; Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 235; Obs. vil. 53 exilis. More. Jl. de Conan 1866, p. 63 fossiculifera. D’Orb. Mae.de Zool. No. 62, woo. : . : : : fragilis (Marg.) Moises Moll. Java, 93 Franciscana. Mori. Nat. H. Soc. Gen. viii. tell fragilis, Zam. An. sans Ver. a 85 . 5 its fragilis. itz. Sys. Vertz. 120 ; . 84 fragilis (no genus). Klein. Tent. Meth. Os- tra, 129 : 2 ‘ : : s ie Jucatus (Myt.) Dill. Cat. Shells, 319 > 1G fuscata. Zieg. Drouet. Etudes, 21 . 5 {hs} Georgine. Gray. Grif. Cuvier, plL19 . 82 Gesnerii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 231; Obs. vii. 49 5 : : 3 5 ths gibba. Benson. Jl. As. Soe. of Bengal, 1855; Reeve, No. 13 . : ; 5 Hl gibbosa. Say. lLong’s Exp. pl. 14 . 5. ail gigantea. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vi. pl. 1, if le Ojos, mi, ¢ 81 Semen, Middendorff. Sibi. eter 1851. 84 giganteus. Spix. Test. Fluv. 27 ; . 83 glabra. Ziegl. Drouet, Etudes, 21 . 84 glandulosa. Anth. Am. Jl. Conch. 1865, " IG c c : Ses glauca. Lam. An. sans ner a : a (30) glauca. Valen. Humboldt’s Voy. . 5 tel) globosa. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. * 24, f.56; Obs. iii. 79 . 81 Gamera. Osér. Rev. de Zool. 3, 1861 . 78 gracilis. Lea. Pro. Zool. Soe. 1850, p. 197, and Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 239; Obs. i 57 ; : : 5 : : 3. tee Granadensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 288; Obs. xii. 48 0 c 5 cll grand Moule des étang. Geoff. Coq. de Pariel GS) : eG grandiodes. Lea. Br ead Na. Sci. 1868, p- 164. ; : : 5 (eid) grandis. Say. Disenn 1829 . : 81 Gratelupiana. Gassies. Moll. del ioecanils, W933 : : : ; Soe grossa. Ziegl. MSS. : aa Guilliani (Irid.?) Recluz. Jl. de Cone, ik 5B 84: Hallenbeckii. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 282; Obs. vii. 50 ; : 5 hs) ANODONTA. Harlandi. Baird and Ad. Pro. Zool. Soe. 1867 : : 5 5 : 5 Harpethensis. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. 19, f£ 42; Obs. in. 62 Heldu. Kiist. co Conch. Cat. ix. 64 Henryana. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 374; Obs. vill. 55 . : : : Flerculea (Dipsas.) Midd. Sibi. Rei. ii. hians. Sow. Reeve’s Conch. Icon. No. 8 . Hilvetica. Bourg. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1863 Holtonis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iii. 316; Obs. vi. 86. : > : 3 . horda. Gould. Pro. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. 1855. : Housatonica. Linsl. An Tl So 1845, Sy 277 : Idrina. Spin. Bat. Moll. Beceem : illitis (Myt.) Soland. MSS. Dill. Cat. 316 imbecilis. Say. Dissem. 1829 . . imbricata, Anth. Am. Jl. Conch. 1865, a 159 5 implicata. Say. Banca 1829 . impura. Say. Dissem. 1829 inequivalva. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 292; Obs. xi. 52 0 incarum. Phili. Mal. Blat. 1869, Dp: 40 incerta. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. v. ss (Gh, ie 16; Obs. 1. 158 : ee (Myt.) Shep. Lin. esse, Xvii. 33 inflata. Major Le Conte's Cabinet inornata, Anth. Am. J]. Conch. 1866, p. 145 tnornata. Kiist. Sys. Conch. Cab. ix. 42 . inoscularis (Pseudodon). Gould. Pro. Bos. Soc. Nat. Hist. Dec. 1843. intermedia. Lam. An. sans Ver. vi. 86 . tirisans. Anth. Am. Jl. Conch. 1865, p. 163 Jewettii. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 289; Obs. xu. 49 c Jobe. Dupuy. Cat. extra Gall. ‘Nest Jukesu, f. Forbes. Rep. Brit. Ass’n, 1852 © Kelletii. Sow. Reeve’s Conch. Icon. 71 Kennerlyi. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 108; Obs. vii. 112 Kennicottii. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sei. Vv. aide Obs. ix. 86 . PAGE INDEX OF SPECIES. ANODONTA. Klettii. Rossm. Icon. i. 112 : lacustris. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. 364; Obs. viii. 45 ; : : latissima. Kok. Drouet, Etudes, 21 . lato-marginata. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 12, f. 834; Obs. i. 188 Latoureuxi. Bourg. Amé. Mal. : latus (musculus). Klein. Tent. Meth. Ostra, Wiss ee c : : 5 5 lenticularis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi 290; Obs. xu. 50 : Beplandi, Gup. An. and Mag. N. ae 1866 Leonensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 25; Obs. xi. 29 . : leprosa. Parr. Jay’s Cat. 7 12 Lewisti. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. "362; Obs. iv. 44 . ; limnoica. D’Orb. Mag. de Veet No. 62, p- 40 limpida. Zieyl. MSS. F lingulata. Hupé. An. Nouv. et R. a 18. Tinneana. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. PI 21, it, Dike Oloiss vs 425) , ipaium. Spic. Test. Fluv. 30 longinus (Irid.) Spix. Test. Braz. 29 . Lucasii. Desh. Exp. de l’Alg. pl. 108 lucida. D’Orb. Mag. de Zool. No. 62, p. 40 lugubris. Say. Dissem. 1829 lurulentus. Jfore. Test. Nov. No. 1, p. 28 Lusitania. More. Moll. du Port. 103 luteola. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. oe Obs. vii. 85. 5 ; luxata. Held. Rossm. leant é macilenta. More. Moll. du Port. 102 ; MeNietii. Anth. Am. J]. Conch. 1866, p. 144 maculata (Myt.) Shep. Lin. Trans. xii. pl. 5 magnifica (Symph.) Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. v. pl. 5, f. 14; Obs. 1. 155 marginata (Alas.) Kiist. ? marginata. Say. Nich. Ency. Am. Canels leo. - Marryatana. Lea. Tr. i Ph. Soc. we, pl. 20, f. 45; Obs. iii. 64 : melina. Bourg. Rev. et Mag. 1866 . : membranacea. D’Orb. Voy. Am. Meri. 616 micans. Anth. Am.J1. Conch. 1865, p. 162 ANODONTA. _Middendorffii. Siecm. Sibi. Reise. 897 Milletti. Ray and Drouet. Dup. Hist. Moll. pl. 21, f. 16 ‘ “ : 5 minima. Pot. and Mich. Cat. de Cod: minuta. Drouet. Etudes, 21 : modesta. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. iv. "364; Obs. vil. 46 ; ; ; : : Montezuma. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. viii. pl. 22, f. 55; Obs. iil. 78 : Moricandii. Te Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 306: Obs. x. 82 ; : Mortoniana. Lea. Tr. Age Ph. Sots. v. pl. 18, f. 37; Obs. i. 192 : : Moulinsiana. Dup. Hist. de Moll. aie 20, tahoe: ‘ : Napoensis. Lea. Jl. ES. Na Sei a B24; Obs. xii. 84 é : : : : Newtonensis. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. vi. pl. 21, f. 66; Obs. 1. 79 ; : Nicaragua. Phili. Menke’s Zeits. 1848, p. 130 ; : : : : : Nilssoni. Aiist. Sys. Conch. Cab. ix. 61. nitida. Zieg. Drouet. Etudes, 21 Nopalatensis. Sow. Reeve’s Icon. 58 normalis. Stab. Moll. of Lugano Normandi. Dup. Moll. Ter. et Fluv. Numidica. Bourg. Am. Malac. : Nuttalliana. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. vi. pl. AAD), ie (OHS Olos we : obliquius, f. D’Ord. Bull. Geol Snel vu. Bronn : : . : : c oblita. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soc. x. pl. 28, f. 52; Obs. v. 46 ; oblonga. Stentz. Dup. Eis di Moll. Ph 18, Helo) : : obtusa. Spix. Test. Flay. eae 30. ‘ obtusula. Hupé An. Nouv. et R. 17, f.38 obvoluta. Ziegl. Menke’s Cat. . : Ononensis. Lea. Synopsis. See Note opaca. Lea. Tr. Am. Ph. Soe. x. Dy 25, f. 46; Obs. v. 41 ; opalina. ‘Anth. Am. Jl. Conch. 1865, p- 159 opalina. Kiist. ik Oregonensis. Lea. Tr. ee Ph. Sa, a pl. 21, f. 67; Obs. 11. 80 144 ANODONTA. ovalis. Requen. ? : . ovata. Zea. Tr. Am. Ph. ae vi. HE 2, f. He (O)loeh, ible, 2 : : ovatus. Swain. Exot. Ohno: al 36. Pallegoixi. Cuming. Reeve’s Conch. Icon. No. 17 ¢ . : : : pallida. Anth. Am, J]. Conch. 162 . paludosus. Tur. Con. Dict. 116 palustris. Fer. et D’Orb. Drouet. Nay. de la France, 16 Amel Conche i 16lie papyracea. Obs: i. 82) - ; etaadi. Mart. Mal. Blatt. 1866 . Clappertoni (Anodonta.) Kanig. Denham and Clapperton’s Journey compressa. Mart. Pro. Zool. Soc. 1860, p- 16 dubia (Mytilus.) Gmel. Syst. Nat. 3363 dubia? (An.) Bose. Hist. Nat. de Coq. 111. 144 — é gracilis (Irid.) Carll. paths: ; Hartmanni. Mart. Mal. Blatt. 1866. Le mutel. Adan. Voy. Senegal, 234 . : modesta. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 37; Obs. xi. 41 . : : mutel? (Irid.) Rang. ee Nat. tes Moll. Natalensis. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 64; Obs. xi. 68 . p : : 5 Nilotica rid.) Sow. Zool. Jl. i. pl. 2 Nilotica. Anton. Verz.des Coq. . Nilotica (Calliseapha). Swain. Malac. 380 PAGE 88 88 86 88 88 | ventricosus. SPECIES. SPATHA. Niloticus (Myt.) Wood. Supp. to Index Test. pl. 2 : : ‘ : 2 Nyassaensis. Lea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. vi. 36; Obs. xi. 40 : : : : obtusa? (An.) Pot. and Mich. Gall. des Moll. xi. 144 . . Oudniceet (Irid.) Kenig. Doane and ian Journey : : Petersi. Martens. Mal. Blatt, vi. rostrata? (Irid.) Rang. Hist. Nat. de Moll. rostrata. Hiist. ? rubens (An.) Zam. An.sans Ver. vi. . rubens (Irid.) Desh. Hney. Meth. 11. 320 soleniformis. Ben. In letter 4 é Walbergi. Avrauss. Siidafr. Moll. SUBGENUS MYCETOPUS. emarginatus. Zea. Jl. Acad. Na. Sci. v. 398; Obs. v. 34 . : faleatus. Higg. Pro. Zool. Soc. 1868, | p. 179 longina (Irid.) Fer. See D’Orb. Voy. ix. elk Gc : ; : : : longinus (An.) Spix. Test. Braz. 29 plicatus. Gray. Reeve’s Conch. Icon. i. . pygmeus. Spix. Test. Braz. 30 pygmeus. Hupé. Anim. Nouv. ou Rare, . rugatus. Sow. Reeve’s Conch. Icon. vil. . siliquosus. D’Orb Voy. Am. Meri. pl. 67 siliquosus (An.) Spiz. Test. Braz. 30 : soleniformis. D’Orb. Voy. Am. Meri. pl. 66 soleniformis (Spatha). Anton. Verz. der Conch. : : . : : ; subsinuatus. Sow. Reeve’s Conch. Icon. x. D’Orb. Voy. Am. Mer. 602 . 90 90 90 APPEAR E CAL LIST OF WORKS REFERRING TO UNIONIDA IN THIS VOLUME. Adams, H. & A.—Genera of Recent Molluscs, 1858. Adams, H.—Proc. Zool. Soc., 1866. Ad. & An. Adams & Angas.—New Species Australian Fr. Water Shells. Pro. Zool. Soc., 1863. Adams.—Fresh Water and Land Shells of Vermont, 1842. Nat. Hist. of Red River, by Capt. Marcy, 1853. Adan. Adanson.— Voyage au Senegal, 1749 to 1853. Agass. Agassiz.—MSS. cited in Stimpson’s Shells of New England, 1851. Moll. Fossiles. Moules des Mollusques. North Am. Najades in Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte, 1852. Alder.—Moll. Northumberland and Durham, 1848; and Supplement without date. Alten, J. W.—#rd. & Fluss Conchilien, 1812. Anth. Anthony.—Am. Jl. Conch., 1865 and 1866. Anton.— Verz. der Conch., 1839. Ara. Arada & Maggiore.— Cat. della Conchiglie viv. et foss di Sicilia, 1839. Baird & Adams.—Zool. Pro., 1867. Bar. Barnes American Journal of Science and Art, 1823. Barbie.—In (rateloup’s Moll. ter. et fluv. de la France, 1855. Bartram.—Travels in N. and S. Carolina, Florida, &c., 1791. Bean.— Mag. Nat. Hist., 1836. Ben. Benson.—Journal of Asiatie Soc. of Bengal, 1855. Wood's Index. Supplement. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., 1862. ; Bern. Bernardi.—/JJ. de Conch., 1858. Blain. Blainville—Manual de Malacologie, 1825. Blan. Blanford.—J7. Asiatic Soc., 1866, p. 134. Berg. Bergen.—Classes Conchy., 1760. Nuremberg. Bon. Bonanni.—Testaceo Theologia, 1744. Bonh. Bonhomme.—WNot. Biv. Relez, 1840. In Grateloup’s Moll. de la France. Born.—Testacea Musei Cesare’, 1780. Elements of Conch., 1776. Bose.—Hist. Nat. des Coquilles, 1824. Bouch. Bouchard-Chantereaux.— Cat. Moll. ter. et fluv. du Pas-de-Calais, 1838. Boul. Bouillet—JMoll. ter. et fluv. d Auvergne, 1836. Bourg. Bourguignat.— Voy. Autour de la Mer. Mort par Sauley, 1852. Revue et Mag. Zool. Testacea Novissima, in Jl. de Conch., 1852. Aménités Malac. vol.i., 1853 to 1856. MMalacologie d’ Algier, 1864. Brard.— Hist. des Coquilles, dc., 1815. Braun.—Deutschl. Naturfv., 1842. Bronn.—System der Urweltlichen Konchylien, 1824. Wiirtt. Jahrb., 1846. Lethwea Geognostica, 1837. Index Palzxon., 1849. 38 150 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF Brot.—Eiudes de la Famille des Nayades, 1867. Brown.—Land and Fresh Water Conch. of Great Britain and Ireland, 1845. Brown, Alex.—In Deshayes’ Traité Elém. ii. 216, 1850. Brug. Bruguitre.—Journ. d’Hist. Nat., 1792. In Hney. Méthodique, 1819 and 1822. Caill. Cailliaud.— Voyage @ Méroé, 1826. Catalogue des Rad. Anné. Chirriet des Mollusques, 1865. Cantor.—Journal of the Asiatic Soc. of Bengal, 1855. Castelnau.—Animaux Nouveaux ow Rare. Paris, 1857. Charp. Charpentier.—Cat. Moll. de la Suisse, 1837. Chem. Chemnitz (Martini)— Neues Syst. Conchyl. 1769 to 1788. Chenu.—J/lustrations Conchyliologiques, de. Manuel de Conchyliologie, 1859. Bib. Conchyliologique, 1845 and 1846. Children.— Translation of Lamarck’s Genera. Brand’s Journal, vol. xv., and published separately, 1823. Con. Conrad.—New Fresh Water Shells, 1834. Monog. of Unionide, 1835 to 1837. Am. Journ. of Science and Art, 1834, 1846, and 1856. Journal of Acad. of Nat. Sci., 1850 and 1854. Pro, Acad. Nat. Sei. New York Reports, 1841, et sequitur. Am. Jl. of Conch., 1866, 1867, 1868. Coop.— W. Cooper's Letters to [. Lea. Schooleraft’s Travels and Reports on the Mollusca collected on the Coast Survey, 1860. Cooper, Dr.—Fauna of Upper Missouri, 1869. Crosse & Debeaux.—J7. de Conch., 1863. Crouch.—ZIllust. Intro. to Lamarck’s Genera, 1826. Cum. Cuming.—In Letter. Currier.—Am. Jl. Conch., vol. i11., 1867 Cuy. Cuvier.—Régne Animal, 1817. Anatomie des Moll., 1817. Da Cos. Da Costa.—British Conchology, 1778. De Cr. & J. Cristofori & Jan.—Catalogus Collectionwm, 1882. Dekay.— New York Reports. Zool., 1848. Den. Denham.— Denham & Clapperton’s Journey into Africa, 1826. Desh. Deshayes.—Art. Mullete, Ency. Méth., 1880. Traité Elémentaire, 18389-1859. Exped. Sei. de lV’ Algeria, 1859. Anat. Comp. de Moll. Eney. Meéth., 1831. Des Moul. Des Moulins.—Cat. des Moll. ter. et ji. de la Gironde. Bull. Soc. Lin., 1827. Supplement to same, 1829. Desc. de U. Michaudiana. Bull. Soc. Lin., 1832. Obs. swr Unio et Anodonta, de M. Isaac Lea, 1839. Cat. Moll. de la Dordogne. Bull. Soc. Lin., 1844. Deville & H. Deville & Hupé.—Revue de Zool., 1850. Dewey, Prof. C.—List of Naiades, de. Ninth Report of Regents of Univ. of New York. Dill. Dillwyn.—Deseriptive Catalogue of Shells, 1817. Don. Donovan.—WNat. Hist. of British Shells, 1804. D’Orb. D’Orbigny.— Voy. dans l’Amér. Mérid., 1835-1843. Mag. de Zool., 1885. Prodrome Paleon- tologie, 1850. Drap. Draparnaud.—WMoll. ter. et fluv. de la France, 1825, and Tableau des Moll. de la France, 1802. Drouet.—Htudes sur les Nayades de la France, 1854. Dum. Dumont et Mortillet— Hist. des Moll. de la Savoie, 1852-1854. Dunk. Dunker.—In Zeitschrift fiir Malakoz. Mal. Blatt, 1862. Monog. Wealdenbildung. Dup. Dupuy.—WMoll. ter. et fluv. du Gers, 1848. Cat. Extra Gall. Test., 1849. Mollusques de la France, 1847-1852. WORKS REFERRING TO UNIONID SA. 151 Eat. Eaton.—Zoological Text Book, 1826. Hichw. Hichwald.—Die Thier und Pflang, Bull. Acad. Pet., 1840. Die Urwelt Russlands, 1840. Eyd. HEydoux.—WMag. de Zoologie, 1838. Far. Farines— Annales des Sciences Naturelles, 1834. Fer. Ferussac.—Hist. Nat. des Moll. ter. et fluv., 1819. Essaz d’une Méthode Conchyliologique, 1807, and MSS. in Mus. at Paris. Fisch. Fischer de Waldheim.—Bronn’s Index Palont. Fischer, L.—WNaturg. Livlands, 1791. Fit. Fitton. Strata below the Chalk, 1836. Fitz. Fitzinger—wSystematisches Vergeichnifs. Vienna, 1833. Flem. Fleming.—British Animals, &c., 1828. Forbes & H. Forbes & Hanley.—Hist. Br. Molluscs, 1853. Forb. Forbes, H.—AMoll. of the Isle of Man, 1838. Freshwater Ter. For. of Smyrna in Jl. Geolog. Soc., 1845. Brit. Lam. Moll. Reports to Brit. Assoc., 1847. Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1841. Records Geol. Survey. Forel.—Beitrige zur Entw. Najaden, 1867. Forsk. Forskal—Deseriptiones Animalium, dc. in Itinere Orientali, 1776. Frauen. Frauenfeld, G.— Novara Kup. Vienna, 1867. Fauna Dalmatiens, 1856. Gabb.— Geol. Sur. of California, 1869. Girt. Girtner— Versuch einer System, 1813. Gass. Gassies.—Ioll. Ter. et d’ Hau douce de lV’ Agenais, 1849. Cat. des Moll. de Lot et Garonne, 1863. Cat. de la Gironde, 1859. Progrés de la Mal. en France, 1858. Geoff. Geoffroy St. Hilaire. Cog. aux environs de Paris, 1767-1770. Gerst. Gerstfeldt—Land und Siist. Moll. im Amur. Gmel. Gmelin.—18th edition Linnxus. Systema Nature, 1788 and 1790. Goldf. Goldfuss.—Petrefakten Deutschlands, &c., 1837. Gould.—Jnvertebrata of Mass., 1841. Proceedings Boston Nat. Hist. Soc., 1841, 1844, 1845, 1846. Otia Conchologica, 1846. U. States xp. Bxp., 1846-1850, under Capt. Wilkes. Goupil.— Hist. des Mollusques de la Garthe, 1835. Gralés.—Molluscos de Espamia, 1846. Gras.— Desc. de Moll. fluv. et ter. de la France, 1840. Grat. Grateloup.—Hssai sur la Nouriture des Moll., 1857. Moll. tr. et fi. de la France, 1855. Essai sur la Distri. Géographique de la Gironde, 1858. Grateloup et Raulin—Cat. Moll. de la France, 1855. Gray.—In Griffith’s Cuvier., 1827 and 1835. Gray's Genera. Spicilegia Zoologica, &e., 1828. Proc. Zool. Soc., 18384. Phil. Trans., 1833. Green.—Journal of the Maclurian Lyceum, 1827. Doughty's Cab. Nat. History, 1833. Grif. Cuy. Griffith’s Cuvier.—Reg. Animal, 1827 and 1835. Grono. Gronovius.—Zoophylaceum Gronovianum, 1781. Grun. Gruner.—Land und Siisswasser Conchylien, in Weigmann’s Arch., 1841. Guer. Guérin.—Mag. de Zoologie. Icono. de Regne Animal, 1829-1839. Gup. Guppy.—An. & Mag. Nat. Hist., 1866. Hald. Haldeman.—Proc. Acad. Nat. Sciences of Philad., 1841 and 1846. Hanl. Hanley.— Hist. of Brit. Molluscs, 1853. Illustrated Edition of Lamarch’s Species of Shells, 1844, and Supplement to Wood’s Ind. Test. 152 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF Held.—In Rossméissler’s Iconographie, 1835, and Isis. Hibb. Hibbert.—Freshwater Limestone of Burdie house, Trans. Roy. Soc. Hd., vol. xiii., 1836. Hidalgo.—Jl. de Conch., 1865. Higg. Higgins.—Des. of Six New Sp. of Shells. Pro. Zool. Soc., 1868. Hild. Hildreth.—Am. Journ. of Science and Arts, 1828. Hinds.— Voy. of the Sulphur, 1844 and 1845. Hislop.—Trans. Geol. Soc. and Pro. Geol. Soc. of London. Hon. Héninghaus. Horn. Hérnes.—Die Fossilen Moll. Tert. von Wien. Humph. Humphreys—WMSS., and in Museum Callonianum, 1797. Hupé.—Animaua Nouveaux ou Rare, Paris, 1857. Jacq. Jacquemin.— Guide du Voy. d Arles, 1835. Jan.—In Charpentier & Jan’s Catalogue. Moll. de la Suisse, 1887. Jeff. Jeffreys, J. Gwyn.— Bri. Conch. 5 vols. 1862 and 1869. Kim. Kimmerer.—Cab. zu Rudolstat, 1786. Keyser. Keyserling.— Voy. de la Russie. Kickx.— Synopsis Moll. Brabantiz, 1850. Kinb. Kinberg.—Fide Drouet. Kirt. Kirtland.—In Ohio Reports, 1838, and Journ. of Am. Science and Arts, 1834, 1840. Pro. Am. Ass. of Sciences, 1851. Klees.—Dissertatio Zool., 1818. Klein.—Methodi Ostracologice, 1758. Klip Klipstein.—Zur Geologishen Kenntniss, &c., 1848. Knorr.—Muschlen und andern Geschiipfen. 6 vols. 1757 and 1772. Koch & Dunker.— Bettriige zur Kenntniss, &e., 1837. Keenig.—Denham & Capperton’s Travels in Africa, 1826. Kokeil.—In Rossmiissler’s Iconographie. Krauss.— Die Siidafrikanischen Mollusken, 1848. Peter's Mocr. Reise der Osterreich. der Fregatte Novara, 1857. Kryn. Krynicki.—Bulletin de la Soc. Imp. de Moscou, 1832, 1835, and 1837. Kiist. Kiister.—New edition of Martini and Chemnitz. Syst. Conch. Cab., 1837 and 1870. Kuts. Kutschig.—fauna Moll. Dalmati, by Brusina, 1866. Lam. Lamarck.— Hist. Nat. des Animauax sans Vertébres, 1819. Lamo. Lamoroux.— Unio antistrophodonta bet Nancy. N. Jahrb., 1837. Lamprey.—WNotes on Geol. of N. China in Branch of Roy. As. Soc., 1866. Lea.— Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. iii. to x. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. 3, 4,5, and 6. Observations on the Genus Unio, &e., vol. i. to xl. Leach.— Zool. Miscellanies, 1815. Lef. Lefevre.—In Grateloup’s Moll. de la France. Less. Lesson.— Voy. de la Coquille, vol. ii., 1830. Lesueur.—Mr. Say’s Memoir in Nicholson's Hney., Am. ed., Art. Conch., 1816. Let. Letournaux.— Cat. des Moll. de la Vendée, in An. et Mag., 1868. Lew. Lewis.—Pro. Acad. Nat. Sci. American Journ. of Conch., 1868, 1869. Lin. Linnzus.—Systema Nature, 1758, 18th ed., by Gmelin, 1791. WORKS REFERRING TO UNIONIDS!. 153 Lins. Linsley.— Shells of Connecticut, from Am. Journ. of Science and Arts, vol. xlviii., 1845. List. Lister.— Synopsis Methodica Conchyliorum, 1685-1692. Historie Animalium Anglia, 1678. Appendix, 1689. Mace. Macgillivray.—WMolluscous Animals of Scotland, 1844. Malzine.—Faune Mal. de Belgique, 1869. Mant. Mantell.— Geol. Isle of Wight, 1847. Ceol. of the Hast of England, 1833. Mar. & C. Martini & Chemnitz.— Neues System. Conchylien- Cabinet, 1769-1788. Mart. Von Martens.—Pro. Zool. Soc. Malac. Blatt., 1867. Mass. Massot.—In Dupuy’s Hist. Nat. des Moll., 1847. Mat. and Rack. Maton and Racket.— Cat. Br. Test. in Trans. Lin. Soc. London, 1807. Math. Matheron.— Catalogue Meth. et Descrip., 1842. Maton.— Des. of New Species. Trans. Linn. Soc., 1809. McCoy.— British Palzozoie Fossils, 1851. Meek and H. Meek and Hayden.—Proc. Acad. N. S., 1861. Menke.— Synopsis Methodica Molluscorum, 1828, 2d edition, 1830. Zeitschrift fiir Mal. 1844. Cat. of Walsberg Coll, 1829. Syn. Moll., 1830. Meuch. Meuchen.—J/usewm Geversianum. Rotterdam, 1787. Merm. Mermet.—Jfoll. dans les Pyrénées, 1848. Mich. Michaud.—Complement de Hist. Naturelle des Moll. ter. et fluv. de la France, de Draparnaud, 1831. Midden. Middendorff.—Bull. de Petersbourg, and Sibirische Reise, 1851. Migh. Mighels.—Shells of Maine, in Bost. J1. Nat. Hist., 1848. Mill. Millet.—Zableaw Methode des Mollusques ter. et fluv., 1818. Monta. Montagu.—TZestacea Britannica, 1808. Mog. Moquin-Tandon.—WMoll. ter. et fluv. de Toulouse, 1843. Hist. Nat. des Mollusques ter. et fluv. de France, 1858. Morch.—Synop. Moll. Ter. et Fluv. Danix, 1864. More. Morelet.—Moll. ter. et fluv. du Portugal, 1845, and Test. Noviss. insulee Cubane et Am. Cent., 1849 and1851. Rev. et Mag., 1862. Jl. de Conch., 1865, 1866. Conch. d’ Algerie in Jl. de Conch., 1851. Mori. Moricand.—Sur les Ooquilles ter. et fluv. de Bahia, in Mem, Nat. Hist. Soc. of Geneva, and in Rev. et Mag. de Zool., 1858. Morse.— Salt and Fr. Wat. Clams, in American Naturalist, 1869. Mort. Morton.—Am. Journ. of Science and Arts, 1835. Mouss. Mousson.—Die Land und Siisswasser Mollusken von Java, 1849. Cog. ter. et fl. dans 1’ Orient, 1859. Cog. ter. et fl. en Palestine, 1861. Miihl. Mihlfeld.—J/SS. Catalogue. Mill. Miiller.— Synopsis Testaceorum Viventiwm, 1836. Nil. Nilsson.—Hist. Mollus. Suecixe Ter. et Fluv., 1822. Noulet.— Precis de 1’ Hist. Nat. des Moll. ter. et fluv., 1834. Ogérien.— Rev. de Zool., No. 3, 1861. Parr. Parreyss.—Fide Philippi, Conchylien, &c., and Frauenfeld in Zool. Bot. Vereins, Vienna, 1856. Partseh.—Bronn’s Index Palxont., 1849. 39 154 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF Pay. Payraudeau.—Mollusques de VIle de Corse. 1826. Penn. Pennant.— British Zoology, 1777. Petiv. Petiver.—Gazophylacum Nature et Artis, 1702-1711. Pfeif. Pfeiffer.—ZLand und Siisswasser Mollusken, 1821. Nov. Conchologice, Part 85, 1869. Mal. Blat., 1867. Phil. Phillips. — Geology of Yorkshire, 1829. Manual of Geology, 1855. Phili. Philippi—Abdildungen und Beschretbungen Conchylien, 3 vols., 1842-1850. Malak. Blatter, 1869. Menke’s Zetts., 1848. Poir. Poiret.— Hist. des Coquil. ter. et fluv. Dep. de V Aisne, 1808. Poli.—Testacea Utriusque Sicilix, 1791. Por. Porro.—WMala. ter. et fluv. Prov. Comasca, Milano, 1888. Pot. Potiez.—Potiez and Michaud, Gal. des Moll. de Douai, 1838. Pusch.—Polen’s Paleontologie, 1837. Put. Puton.—WMoll. des Vosges, 1847. Raf. Rafinesque.—Mono. des Coquil. fluv. de la Rividre Ohio, in Ann. Gén. des Sei. Phy. ad Bruaelles, 1819. Aélantic Journal, 1852, 18338. Rang.—Hist. Nat. des Mollusques, 1829. Rav. Ravenel.— Catalogue. Ray and D. Ray and Drouet.— Rev. et Mag. de Zoologie, 1841. Recl. Recluz.—Journal de Conchyliologie, 1850. Revue Zoologique, 1842. Reeve.— Conch. Iconica, 1864-1868. Requien.— Cat. Coq. de Corse, 1848. Retz. Retzius.— Nova Testaceorum Genera, 1788. Reyn. Reyniés.—Lettre sur quelques Moll. ter. et fluv., 1843. Rém. Romer.—Die Versteinerwngen, &c., 1889. Ross. Rossmiissler.—Jconographie der Land und Siisswasser Moill., 1837-1859. Sand. Sandberger.— Conchylien des Mainzer, 1861. Say.—Am. Conchology, 1830-1834. Disseminator, 1829-1831. Art. Conch. in Nicholson's Hney., Am. ed., 1816. Journ. of the Acad. Nat. Sci., 1817-1826. Appendix to Long's Hupedition, 1824, and Transylvania Journ. of Med., 1832. Schliit.— Zeitschrift fiir Malakos. Schmidt.— Bull. Imp. Soc. Nat. Hist. of Moscow, 1840. Conchylien Sammlungen, 1818. Schom. Schomburgk.— Versuch einer Fauna und Flora von Br. Guiana. Schreib. Schreibers.—Versuch einer Vollstandiger Conch. nack Lin. Syst. 1798. Schrenk.— Uebersicht der Land und Siisswasser Moll. Livlands, 1847. Reisen und Forschungen im Amur. Lande in 1867. Schrét. Schréter.—Flusconchlien, 1779, Hinleitung in die Conchylien, 1783. Schiib. Schiibler.—ZHeten Wirtemberg. Schum. Schumacher.—Zssai d'un Nouveau Systeme, 1817. Sh. and Eat. Short and Haton.— Transylvania Journal Medicine, 1831. Shep. Sheppard.—Zrans. Linn. Soc. London, 1820 and 1828. Shutt. Shuttleworth, in Drouet’s Nayades de la France, and in Mittheil. Naturf. Gesellsch. Bern. 1843 and 1852. Siechmascko.— Bulletin de St. Petersbourg, 1849. Solan. Solander—MSS. in Brit. Museum. WORKS REFERRING TO UNIONIDSE. 155 Sow. Sowerby.—The Genera of Shells, 1822. Min. Conchology, 1812-1830. Trans. Geol. Soc. Zool. Journal, 1825. Conch. Manual, 1839, 2d ed., 1842. Speng. Spengler.—Skrivter af Naturhistorie Selskabet, v. 3, 1792. Spin. Spinelli.—Cat. dei Moll. della Bresciana, 1851. Cat. dei Moll. in Venezia, 1869. Spitzii—In Rossmdssler’s Iconographie. Spix.—Testacea Fluviatilia Braziliensia. 1827. Stab. Stabile.-—Prospetto Sis. et Stat. Moll. Terr. e. Fl. di Lugano, 1859. Stein.—Schnecken and Muschelen der umgegend Berlins, 1850. Stentz.— Per Rossm. and Drouet. Stimp. Stimpson.—WShells of New England. 1851. Strick. Strickland. Fresh Water and Land Shells of Henley on the Thames, in Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vii. Stud. Studer.—Schweizer Conchylien. 1820. Swain. Swainson.—Zool. [llust. Exotic Conch., 1841. Treatise on Malacology, 1840. Tap. Tappan.—Am. Journ. of Sct. and Arts, 1839. Tate—On Land and Fr. Water Mollusca of Nicaragua, in Am. Jl. of Conch., vol. v., 1869. Thompson.— Cat. of Irish Shells, 1841. Trask.— Proc. California Acad. Nat. Sc7., 1854-1855. Tristram.—Proe. Zool. Soc., 1863 and 1865. Troschel.— Wieymann’s Archives, 1847. Das Geb. der Schnecken, 1858. Turt. Turton.—Conchylia Insularum Britannicarum, 1822, and Manual of Fresh Water and Land Shells of the British Islands, new ed., 1840. Valen. Valenciennes.— Continuation of Humboldt’s Zool. Obs. 1827. Vern. Verneuil.—MJem. Geol. Sur la Crimée. Villa.—Catol. dei Moll. della Lombaria, 1844. Novarum Specierium, 1841. V.d. Busch. Von dem Busch.—J/1. de Conch. Waard. Waardenberg.— Commentatis Moll. Belgico. 1827. Wag. Wagner.—In Testacea Fluviatilia, by Spix. 1827. Ward.—In Letter. Williams.— Philos. Mag. 1836. Wood.—Jndex Testaceologicus, 1818-1825, and General Conchology. 1815. Wood, 8.—Ionog. Crag. Moll., 1848. Woodw. Woodward.—Recent and Fossil Shells, London, 1851, 1854; 2d ed., 1868. Pro. Zool. Soc., 1859. Yoldi.—J£SS., and Mirch’s Cat. of Yoldi’s Cab., 1852 and 1853. Zieg. Ziegler.—ALSS. brought up to 1843, and numbering ever 250 entries. time of going to press. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE UNIONIDA’ RU SMNEEAUUTLGUEBE foi ciatea favors ts 2 Hist. Nat., Book ix., Ch. 58. HED rer VECETEEGIES: «6 3.0.0 0)0)s sx 'e's Speculum Naturale. RES ELD 2UF cvalay fore) ste Ta arots ers ie De Aquatilibus, p. 399, Rondeletius........... Univer. Aquat. Hist. Schrot. Lith., Lex. iv. LRTOETOIID, Se CdD OOOO De Nat. Aquat., t. 2, p. 122. Rondeletius........... Hist. Entiere des Poissons, 2d Partie. Lyons. (GUIS codagocodudans Nomenclator A quatilium, p. 349. Aldrovandus.........- De Mollibus, &c., Mytuli ob- longi, pp. 454, 515. [ETTORE ooooocuouscar Gem. et Lap. Hist. Edited by Bellenden, Edinburgh. ** Pearls in Mya margarit- ifera.”” ANONYMOUS. ..-.+++0- A Perfect Description of Virginia, &c, &e., p. 18. London. JOE conggoo e000 De Exsang. Aquat., p. 15. iiiiimacheascovooones Hist. Anim. Angliz, p. 149- 231 (foss.) CB OMGNUMG e's cieleieieielei sisi Recreatio, Clas. 2, Nos. 40, 41. MERE OtA Gr eia(e\sie/orelsieis'=16 Descriptio Anatomica Myti- li, in Act. Erud, Leips. ISHN Paee pn eeOb OCOD Scotia Illustrata, p. 27. SDRSLOT re ierciaaiclesele > = 1 > App. ad Hist. An. Angl., pl. Th a aly ZG OO Gosmenuosoeeocs Conchyl. Hist. Nos. 147, 16. a aynioiatesaisiers.e < cisit Dissert. Anat. Tertia, p. 2. %. Leeuwenhoek. ........ Arcana Nat. et lettre a Soc. Reg. 95, 96, t. 2, p. 15. Li BoepogoconGa Odeo Lithophylacii Brit. Icono- graphia, London, LAC OCD Sac eCOnDOOoG Amphit. Zootomicum. PE DUM OM Uaertaleieteker vie) elol-l> Remar. sur les Coq. Moules. Mém. Acad. Sci. Paris. 1709, IRAN OMirRsosocpoabodt De la Formation et de l’ac- croissment des Coq. Mém, de l’ Acad, ME Diexiocdaceocandaou0s Rémarques sur les Moules des étang. Mém. Acad. des Sci., p. 408. GLU OG I atenatateretsteyeter steers Gazophyllaceum. London, Nature et Artis. 1702 a ilvaite Leeuwenhoek..........Arcana Natura, &c., 4 vols. 4to. Ed. Lugd. Bat. ISCUT aden GoSGAoSo0GN Des. Thes. Rer. Nat., 1734 to 1765. Swammerdam........- Biblia Nature, pl. 10, Argenville..........+. Hist. Nat. pl. 31. Gualivert.... 5... 0.06. Index Testarum, pl. 7, BOTT GM, Ie =miee =)» Observations, &c. Phil, Trans., vol. xliii. BONGIING. wae sceeel- ee Test. Theologia, Tellina (Hyria) rosea, Moar gigln steele 0-255 Déscer. du Danube, &c. TANNCUS, .. .-2-- 2+ Iter-Westrogothicum Res., p. 187. CCU Soccas os dD0005 Testaceo-Theologia, Leip- zig, p. 106, Swammerdam. ......- Bibel der Natur. Leipzig. UUGUTOntatasntctor ster -ol=(oterorere Tentamen Ostracol., pl. 9, 10, p. 128. Pontoppidon. ........ Hist. Nat. dela Norweége, t. 2, pl. 262. Valeniyn. ...........- Voyage a Amboyne, pl. 14. Gene naceariser reer Monatl. Bélustigungen der Natur. Hamburg. GUNMAN =e Opere Postume, pl. 14, t. 2, SAMELTUSO MN ateieterstevelcfeceistere Hist. Nat. du Senegal. A GENDIN Gs cele es «+e \ls Hist. Nat., 2d Ed., pp. 325, 331. HGCA coaoconbeo000D Muschlen und andern Ges- chépfen. 1757 to 1772, ! When in Paris, in 1853, Mr. Deshayes, now Professor in the Museum of Paris, and the author of that admirable work, Tracté 40 Elémentaire de Conchyliologie, very kindly gave me a copy of his MS. list of the Bibliography of the Family Untonide, which he had To these I have added a large number, and I have continued the list up to the It now consists of over 1100 works where some member of the Family is described or mentioned. It may be observed that some titles are much contracted. This has often arisen from the fact of their being cited at second hand, access to the original work not being possible. My friend Dr. Lewis, of Mohawk, N. Y., very kindly assisted me in the arrangement of my matter, as well as by adding some items, BIBLIOGRAPHY OF IGE seco hAb600 06 Systema Nature, p. 671, 10° Ed. De Bergen........-.-. Classes Conchyliorum, p. 108. Nuremberg. JGR aqadcoooen0D yes Iconographia Lithophilacii Britannici, pl. 8, 2d Ed. Oxon. Schlotterbeck.......... In den Actis Helviticus. I REO BO SOB AS0.05000 Gazophyllaceum. London. Geoffroy St. Hilaire...Coq. aux environs de Paris. DOT cob B8,80R CO088 Berliner Mag., vol. iv. Martini §& Chemnitz...Neue Syst. Conch. 1769 to 1788. IOP basococancos SGN} Hist. sive Synopsis Meth. Conch., new Ed. by Hud- desford. AOR aoooconbonaa6 Fundamenta Testaceologia. S(RROITR, ce 96 200000000 Syst. Abhandlung. &. Ber- lin. 1771 to 1779. Knorr et Walch....... Hist. de petrifact. t. 4, pl. B’, 13), ALCP 6 obo S00DONOE Verzeichniss. Konchy. p. 141. MAU ere he oiere) rol clederater Vermium terr. et fluy. Hist. p. 210. JIGS 656558 500050 Dict. Hist. Nat. JERR cea poss onoont Voyage dans le Levant, p. 123. IBORN ae ete ee Eléments de Conch. ID NOIR Ao o.co85 6a dT oe Rec. des Coq. fluy. et terr. de Paris. EMGUIGI raaeteer area teal Prodrom. Zool. Danis, p. 245. JEU O(OWOD ob posoubecce Brit. Zool., vol. iv. p. 161, 162, pl. 46. 1777 to 1812. ICOM OL ametvetwy tater steteaate Introd. ad Hist. Nat. Prague. JEW amaageS GDOA0C00 Index Rerum Nat. Mus. Ces. Vindobo. 8yo. SD) CORE ereteratefeteretetate Conchyliol. Britan., p. 225. SWRA Boge ancaoKoo As Fluss Conchylien, p. 165. Argenvillé........+... Hist. Nat., 3d Edit., by Fa- vanne. TBO Wsfesars's,eteseya she ig a eieteds Testacea Mus. Cees. Vind., pl. 19, p. 20. Fol. FODANNE. 1202 0-.0 sos Hist. Nat. of D’Argenyille, pl. 62, 75. GQHOMODUUS re elatstslelolerelere Zoophilacium Gronovianum p. 260. ANONYMOUS. . 12. e eee Der Natur. forch., t. 18, p.70. IBOUITD 00506 205000 0.00 Collection de Plan. (fossil. ) Chemmniiz........+.+-. Conch. Cabinet. IBOTD Wis eici-)= eietsore « eokore Genera Vermium. 4to. Lon- don. SCHTOLET Sere sorcerers ake Einleitung in die Conch. Kenntniss, &c. 1783 to 1786, ISVCMGNMERn 20o00n080000 Skritv. Naturh. Selsk. 3", p. 53. JEANS snensedaoson Cat. d’un Cabinet, pl. 6, No. 1440, 1442. JECO IS Bren eased arbi Aufangs der Naturg., p. 595. Marit iiae laorerrterser Univ. Conch., 3 vols. Lond. KQMMERCT...020+-+05- Die Conch. im Cab. zu Ru- dolstadt. SHOP b8h. xix: ierdyorestars alesse Einlentung., pl. 27, p. 119. HMEVWYNHs srataooscaoe Museum Geversianum, Rot- terdam. IBORUI tantalerpeteriaeeers Genera Vermium Linn. pl. 2. Girtelininaacire taruersolorae Linn. Syst. Nature. Linneus & Gmelin....Syst. Nature, Linn., 18th Edition. ISHED aacotedo8o oo OC Dis. Hist. Nat. Nova Testa- ceorum Genera. Philips- son. TROWSION, ate saceclaneelee Mus, Leskeanum, t.1, p.151. IACHID SESS OR OO KOOSO Voy. en Barbarie, t. 2, p. 11. Kelreuter. 2... ..+265 Obs. Anat. Phys. Mytilus cygneus Lin., Noy. Ac. Soc. Imp. Petrop., tom. 6. SMM hes capo ng6eq0 86 Vaterlindsche Bemerkun- gen der Naturg. Mal. Blatt. 1865. Bartram, W:...--.-«- Travels through N. and §. Carolina, Georgia, Flori- da, &ce. in 1777. BRUGUIET Cnc) elias Sur une nouy. Anodontite. Mém. sur dif. Obj. Hist. Nat. JERI, iss o ca op coKte Naturg. Livlands. Polis cizcecisavaieis sasvereisiers Testacea Utriusque Sicilie, p- 2, t. 3. BP UGUVERG wletererettetsielers Encycl. Meth. Vers., pl. 247, 249. Oe. Kopesopeanas Jour. d’Hist. Nat., t. 1, p. 103. (LUN Eaan an oabomadaae Zool, Adriat., p. 95. SPEngler...= econ Skrifter af Naturhistorie Selskabet, v. 3. [SURED sooansoo5cd Versuch einer Vollstandiger Conch. nack Linn. Syst. Otten ccs seni cceroerte Tableaux Klém. de Hist. Nat. Paris. 12mo, Humphreys........++. Museum Calonnianum, p. 59. [MSS.] IH Mise oooaceoonocd Soc. d’Hist. Nat. de Copen- hagen, t. 4 (it pt.), p. 139. LEU Trance nodec0g0000 Museum Boltenianum. 2d Ed., in 1819. DLOMOPch.. 2. 5.20006 Mém. Soc. d’Hist. Nat. de Paris, p. 87. Monifonton. cic. clase Hist. Nat. des Moll., vol. 4. Paris. Léveillé, dans Forster..Man. d’ Hist. Nat., p. 201. Donovan... .s.2.00-% Nat. Hist. of- Brit. Shells, 5 vols., 1800 to 1804, 1804. 1805. THE UNIONIDA. Draparnaud.......... Tabl. des Moll. terr. et fluv. de la France, p. 34, 106. WEGNER CHe sre xiars «cia \aio(0 An. Soe. s. Vert., p. 114. JARI Reoseo ease uaGoOr Hist. des Coq. terr. et fluy. Depart. de 1’ Aisne. Wit bacooneaodeoobuon Brit. Bivalve Shells, Linn. Trans., vol. vi. p. 158. Draparnaud........++ Tabl. des Moll. dela France. (Pamphlet. ) SLE ROT O5 OOSB BO GUNGOC Translation of Linneus’ Syst. Naturee. London. MONLEGU. 6.5 <:s,c%0+ sissies Test. Brit., p. 33, 561. ISUUMIM ses. < «cise osiei viene): Deuts. Fauna, 6° part. 2°liy. [05 BE IDUN THUR Caoopodder Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. ii. p. 183. Mangilt, Rich......... Zootom. di Conch. Bivalvi., Milan. Maton &§ Rackett...... Descr. Cat., Linn. Trans., vol. viii. p. 37 Draparnaud.......... Hist. des Moll. terr. et fluy., p- 131. Montfort. ...-.....+-- Hist. Nat. des Moll., par Roissy, vols. vy. and vi. JHU coooscad NRODOn Buffon de Sonnini, t..6, p. 317. WHET UWSSOCs wicie.s =<) -1n\0iern'e Essai d’un Méth. Conch., p. 85, 88. PLOUELOT eimetalerettnatolarereeie British Fauna. Maton § Rackett...... Cat. Brit. Test., Trans. Lin. Soc., London. IAN Gd rong ob ODOCOO SES Tayole di Classi. f. tay. 7. IG RUK Nate revsis}ay=/0) sreiele\oxe15/ Besch. Rost. Samml., vol. iii. p. 156. IBOLT BRS BERD ADO D Phil. Zool., p. 138. JUDO, eoocoee ye oIgT70 Linn. Trans., vol. x. p. 827, 329. oot DUDR ORC reeCOCrOr Rees’ Ency., art. Concholo- sy: Pilkington (Mrs.)....Goldsmith’s Nat. History, abridged, &e. IERIE: cogsapoccocose North Brit. Testacea, Mem. Wernerian Soc., vol. i. PAU LEI Uawatetoteielectar=! stelaterer= Erd. und Fluss Conchylien. Augsburg. (CATR a0 Com eO COORDS Ann. des Mus. National, p. il); Lamarck. ......+..++- Extrait du Cours du Zool., p- 106. SITET AM io paO Co BOOOOGEe Min. Conch., pl. 33. Draparnaud.......... Moll. de Ja France. (Hb oa soe SbooRON Versuch einer System, BMG LLB ste, Sovorels oie saicre'= le Moll. terr. et fluy., p. 73. ISQUUGNA. oases sinless Exp. de Egypt (Coq.), pl. 7. IBIGUWOTE! = cc i1-2 2 Dict. Sei. Nat., vol. xiii. GOPUNMERT a sre.aie-s< 0s «5:30 Verst. Konch., Ann. der West., p. 316. SITE OCT UN etevare a sisters ielolext Zool. Miscell., vol. i. p. 119, Ed. Chenu, p. 15. 1814. 1815. 159 IS OVEN OY wrote tetaleterctanctsiie Conch. Manual, 2d Edit., p. 139. IBIOM Gs slarstat| eter pellets Coq. terr. et fluv. de Paris, p. 225, pl. 8. BROOKES ererelatorcteteyteteres Introd. to Study of Conch., p. 51, pl. 2. BROW Mate cee sie te marios Trish Testacea, Mem. of the Wernerian Society, v. ii. 0). Bee ee ES ORE OG Lehrb. d. Zool., p. 238, pl. 8. Woods marion nclliericiei- General Conchology. LUG ESULOUM oretoiesaleloter ayeiciete Art. Conch. by Say, in Nich- olson’s Ency., Am. Edit. [Sl hon csoncec oo bo OStn Art. Conchol., 1st Am. Ed. Nicholson’s Encyclop. (OM >aoo aceon aogos Regn. Anim., p. 472. Anat- omie des Moll. Dillwyn... ... 2000s Descr. Cat. of Recent Shells 2 vols. 8vo., vol. i. p. 49. (NEApmoamnadacnaaccosHood Isis, p. 1167. Schumacher. ......++- Essai d’un Nouy. Syst. des habitations des vers testa- cés, LEER Peas acadanaacete Conch. Dict. of Brit. Islands PUI Cd ear tetera ttotet= Useful Knowledge, &c. Phi- ladel., vol. iii. p. 292. Je7iiy Lt BaoodbyDODOC Account of Irish Testacea, Mem. Wer. Soc., vol. ii. p. 2. LOB xenon 0000909 06 Charac. et Descr. Test. cir- ca Tubingam. Rafinesque.....-...+-- Discoveries in Nat. Hist., Am. Mo. Mag., vol. iii. p. 354; vol. iv. p. 42, 107. Say..............-..-Art. Conchology, 2d Am. Ed. Nicholson’s Encycl. Hy Gcooasnccoutencas In Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. (Alasmodonta), vol. i. pt. 1, p. 459. SAD onsodoo0esos Conchyl]. Sammlungen, p. 8. Sowerby... ...... 006-6 Min. Conch., pl. 153, 154, 185. WiGGis ooapacocooscobe Index Testaceologicus. Blainville.........-+-- Obs. sur les branchies des Anodontes. Jl. de Phy., p. 127. BOjAMNUS... oo es0e--s Euber die Anthem. &e, Isis, 1819, 1820, 1827. Ci = scbbadocouen Organes Resp. &c., Journ. des Phys., t. 89, p. 108. Brugutere. .......-+-- Ency. Method., 1819-1822. TEEUENS, Go goede onBn Tabl. Syst., 1819 to 1834. WG ONGATCK era )a1a1a (ele ala olere An. sans Vert., vol. vi. Rafinesque.......----- In Jour. des Phys., t. 88, p. 417. A bosadoconse In MecMurtie’s Sketches of Louisville. islbo coc con cHoomDAnod Art. Conchology, 3d Am. Ed. Nich. Encycl. BL BT OG AR ALR AY, (OE SOUWERD Yale oavelolslalelataletel= Min. Conch. STRUT tO Wneiys tareltoteaerelers Conch. Dict., p. 105, Nos. 19, 22. DY BOH Dm so58000b0c57 British Shells. ROPUSEAC. <6 oe «0la\enie = Concordance Systématique, &c. Jour. de Phys. IQs cae can os909a0' Synopsis of Brit. Mollusca, Rafinesque.........0++ Monographie des Coq. fluv. &c. in Ann. Gén. des Sci. Phys. Brussels, t. 3, pt. 15, p. 287. Ce aha eager Annals of Nature, or Annu- al Synopsis, &c., Lexing- ton, Ky. Schwetgger. ..-.+++++ Handl. der Natur, p. 711, 712. Sheppard....... 020+ On two new sp. of Mytilus. Tr. Linn. Soc., vol. xiii. ISUUAG i atetaveket tere’ sreteiet= Syst. Verz. Schweizer Con- chylien. SWAtN8ON...- 06-026 Zool. Ilust., vol. i. p. 57. Van Halem..........- Ann. Gén. des Sci. Phys., t. 7, p. 374. SHOTUBSEAC., 1010 ios <2 > 01° Tabl. Syst. des Moll., p. 42. CM eosacaoancosoobes Lond. Med. Rep., vol. xv. p. 237. Hartmann.........++. Syst. der Erd & Fluss der Schweiz. TP Rai rbaa 36900080800 Land und Wasser Schneck- en, p. 17, 114, 119, pl. 5. WHERCe soo rad0oaKe Hist. Moll. Suec. terr. et fluv., p. 102, 113. Sbonacosnnos coon In Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. ii. part 2. Sowerby, G. B........ Genera of Shells. SWANSON... +222 eee eee Zool. Ilust., vol. iii. p. 171, 1822-'23. YiTG RT repnoonDoRdan As Conch. Ins. Brit., 4to., p. 240, 243. WA OMILES weteketeataie ceisler In Am. Journ. Sci., vol. vi. p. 101. CHAT CT yore aie olel-1sieisiel Transl. of Lamarck’s Gene- ra, Brand’s Jour., vol. xy. IROERGI Bob ocosaod06 Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat., Paris. VGASTO Ia eretors aictel Yates etoiets Synopsis Meth. Conch., 3d Edition. ANCE neoossnnsaaapat Linnean System of Conch- ' ology. Sheppard.....++.+1+++5 Desc. of Seven New British Land and Fr. Wat. Shells. Trans. Linnean Soc., vol. xiv. p. 148. Sowerby, G. B.....+.. Genera of Shells, Fasc. No. 16, 1820-1824. SWAinson......20s00s Phil. Mag., vol. Ixi. p. 112. Biaynvilles wees sie soe Dict. Sci. Nat., vol. xxxii. JEU me coged akOO RD OHn Hist. Nat. des Coq., t. 3, p. 135, 6c ERD BA000 700 WHOL System der Urwoltlichen Konchylien. LOLS Tits nae Jose a0 Depart. d’ Herault. Dip hOtssart ve gaterrne was An Epitome of Lamarck’s Arrangement of Testacea. London. TOANTHID pron yed ado n8s Cat. des Moll. terr. et fluy. de Geneve. Shanon deanuadaydcoot In Long’s Expedition to St. Peter’s River, vol. ii. p. 265. Sowerby, G. B.......+ Obs. on the Lamarckian Nai- ades, Zool. Journ., vol. i. p. 53. GNU TLILR tet tereteletoNerata Mém. sur les Organes Géné- ratiy., Zeits. Phys. IAGO B5baccsoace Man. de Malacol., p. 539. Los. lngbiseaancen Note sur la Gén, des Anod. et des Mulettes. Soe. Phi- lom., p. 156. UG anoooo0s00" Sur la Génération dans les Mutelles, &c. Nouy. Bull. de la Soe. Philom., p. 136. TRO copsoonedQcade System der Urweltlichen Konehylien. Draparnaud..........Hist. des Moll. de la France. SDAL0018 arcsec eels Epitome of Lamarck’s Ar- rangement. GRD esoeietsictels siiewerorore Ann. Phil., new series, vol, ix, LEGG Psosacccesdo0e ae Urweltliche Naturg., t. 2, p. 297. TOR Ban oan ecacane Familles Naturelles du Regne Animal, Paris, 8vo. JeOiCmaceobancososs Syst. Anord. Land-und Siiss. Moll., 2° part., p. 32. Ie ah SAA GA DOBOLA Naturg. deutscher Land- und Siissw. Moll. UPrevogl ne ney tect Rye Note sur le Gén, des Mu- lettes, Ann. des Sci. Nat., t. 5, p. 323. ISU ppemeg oS Fae 0GO0000 In Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. y. p. 130, Sowerby, G. B........ Catalogue of Shells, Tanker- ville Collection. BO sands Desc. of a New Sp. of Iridi- na, Zool. Journ., vol. i. p. 53. MWkiih soaganandnonacc Index Testaceologicus, Lon- don, 12mo., 2d Ed, BARU COUN rete itrs keretsiers Expl. des planches du grand Ouvrage d’ Egypt, p. 46. IBY ipyo ae on 9800 08000 Génér. des Moules. Gabiete de Natur. (Jan.) & Bull. Sci. Nat. et Géol., t. 9. (UME thoaos sb nabon Voyage a Méroé, 4 yols. 8yo, 1826. a“ ia THE UNIONIDS. CnOUCI bess eitessin coe ss Illust. Introd. to Lamarck, p- 16, pl. 9, figs. 2, 3, 4, 5. YO UCLS ae On Iridina, Mém. de la Soc. Hist. Nat. TROON wisi ais 012.5 sims ates Zoological Text Book. AI1- bany, N. Y., p. 215. LIGA TI OO UGaCOC BR ORSOe Denham and Clapperton’s Travels in Africa. (OC BEPC eo In Isis. PAY AUACUR. 0.0222. Cat. des Moll. de Corse, p. 65. ISG WOT OY ainve = orsteye'e: ie Min. Conch., pl. 517, 594, 595, 1826-1828. ANONYMOUS. ......0-. Sur lopin. de Treviranus. Isis, t. 20, p. 752. IB ORIUES: Sele yersreiare seve (a's Reclamation of Unios, Am. Jl. Sci., v. 18. Blawnotlle. .......+..- Man. de Malacologie. IBY RTD Sy NOC OT OO Illust. of Recent Conch. of Great Britain and Ireland. 4to. Edinburgh. CS cet ercirecereeis:t Desc. Brit. Shells. Edinb. Jour. Nat. Hist. and Geog. Sci., vol. i. BIH PR GAR ear COOS Mém. Soc. d’ Hist. Nat., t. 3, 1); Des Moulins.......... Cat. des Coq. terr. et fluy. de la Gironde, p. 3. ST cyeyshorere:s),0°5 Desc. d'une nouyelle espece d’Unio du Perigord. Acts Soc. Linn. de Bordeaux, PEEINESS OCs cu tastiie es Moll. terr. et fluy. Bull. Univer., Féy. et Mars. (CHRTTB Goopesege 2 20Go In Griffith’s Transl. of Cu- vier, 1827 to 1835. (CORSA DROS EOP Remarks on Unio. Contrib. to the Maclurian Lyceum, vol. i. No. 2, p. 41. Home §& Bauer........ Propagation of Oysters and Mussels. Ph. Tr. p. 39. AGCOUSO Wewstaieco rs) mi =t=t2\= On Sex in Unio. Bull. des Sci. Nat. Lifts soeh oo Rogan sae Desc. of Six New Sp. Unio; Anatomy. Trans. Am. Ph. Soc., vol. iii. Noy. 2, Obs. vol. i.! IN OON OVO Ds OR CO CRORE De Anod. et Unionum Oyi- ducta. Dissert. Regio- monti. Spix et Wagner........Test. Braziliana. (OT SSSA eA aene ee De Anod. anatina. Dissert. Vindobone, Valenciennes.......... Voy. de Humboldt. Obs. Zool., 13° livre. Waardenberg..........Commentatio Moll. Belgica. | 1828. “ec 161 Bae oo ase daar son Sept. Mém. Vers des Mol- lusques, Nova Acta, t. 13, p- 2. BOPTCS valet lelete eyelet eke Notes on Hildreth’s paper in Am. Jour. Sci. Blainoville: .. 22.2... Ann. des Sci. Nat., t. 14, p. 22. Dével. des wufs. We # | Housacaiadé Dict. Sci. Nat., t. 56, p. 261. Blainville et Duméril..Rapport sur un Mém. de M. Jacobson, deyeloppement preténdu des ceufs des Mu- lettes dans leurs branchies. Ann. des Sci., p. 22. TM GMUNG aor wtarare woioere> Hist. Brit. Animals, p. 408, 416. WELBLO Ebb armrorn =y0-o1s)er= sree Obs. and Desc. of Shells in Am. Journ. Sci., vol. xiy. p. 276. PIICOUSO MU myaricteletstoiseie Anat. og. Phys. Copenha- gen. SRUEBU GT, Octatels ere\ere sor er Dissert. Inaug. Zool., p. 37, 39. MG TURGS stmtosste ores ticles sisie Synopsis Method. Moll., p. 63, 64, PET GUP OM s: cera ro ete ita es Naturg., 3d part, p. 67. WE PODOB sae oteterveiaiere iets = De la Générat. chez les Moules des peintres. THES oo aec OB ADOC Sur la parturition vivip. des Moules. Acad. des Sci. Nat., July. ISIN conocoodonosoes Elements of Nat. Hist. Ed- inburgh, vol. ii. p. 89, 90. Treviranus...........Appendice aux Obs. Anod., Zeitz. Phys., t. 3. WO obs atest caeee Supplement to Index Testa- ceologicus. Anonymous. ........% Remarks on I. Lea’s Memoir in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., Am. Jl. Sci., vol. xvi. GOSS ois cara:taissjevazisie ie Cat. dei Test. Due Sicilie. Des Moulins.......... Supp. Cat. des Moll. terr. et fluy. de la Gironde. Grateloup. ...-0.----- Tabl. des Coq. foss. Soe. Linn, Bordeaux, t. 5, p. 3. oO oe eerie Moll. terr. et fluy. de Dax. Act. Linn. Soc. Bordeaux. (Cit iosobongeaeaeoue Icon. de Regne Anim. de Cuvier, 1829 to 1839. SGP ETSLGUI wetsiol-/ eae) 1=12) 3 Zeitung Geog. 2d part, p. 92. JbGkan ans oboocudaBOae New Genus and many new Sp. of Naiades. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., March 6. Also in Obs., vol. i. Marcel de Serres. .....Geog. des terr. tert., p. 143. * Observations on the Genus Unio, together with Desc. of new species of the Families Naiades, Colimacea, Lymneana, Melaniana, and Peristomiana. 12 vols. imp. 4to. 41 BEB ROG A RH, (Or) WMerriseyenerertteeiatettelctens Cat. of the Great Shell Coll. of Baron Walsburg, Pyr- mont. Murchison & Lyell....Tert. Fresh Water For. of Aix, in Provence. Pro. Geol. Soc., p. 13. VAAN 20000 00200 Conch. Obs. on Lamarck’s Naiades. Tran. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. iii. p. 395. LAUD TS po co5 coo8sgee Geol. of Yorkshire, p. 144, 156, 161. FROM a nie ates leis) = Man. de l’Hist. Nat. des Moll., p. 294, 303. TRAST. iwc elelee == i= Note sur le parturition vivi- pare des Moules des Rivi- éres. Ann. Soc. Obs., t. 1, p. 109. Isr ppoweveooCUDOOCDOD Desc. New Terr. and Fluv. Shells of N. Amer. Dis- seminator. 1829 to 1851. Sheppard, Mrs., of Woodfield. ......... On Recent Shells, &c. Tran. Lit. and Hist. Soc. of Que- beck, vol. i. p. 191. Swainson........++++- Zool. Ilust. 2d series, vol. 1, pl. 10. VAIL OM s oletelelelsyelsieieFel=!1e)= Cat. of Land and Fr. Water Testaceain vicin. of New- castle-upon-Tyne, in Tr. Nat. Hist. Soc. Northum- berland, and Durham. ANONYMOUS. «++. 1+-++ Remarks on Mr. Isaac Lea’s Mong. of the Genus Unio. Eding. Jl. Nat. and Geog. Sci., vol. ii. p. 185. Collard des Cherres. ..Cat. des Coq. du Finistére, p. 60. CMON, Ga soosnsbbn000 Regn. Anim. 2d Edit., t. 3, p. 189, 490, 499. Deshayes. ......0-+-0 Encycl. Method., t. 2, p. 50, t. 8, p. 814, 573. Hichwald.....--..54.- Nat. Hist. Skirze, p. 210. Ci Poooosonn9ecssG08 Spicilegia Zoologica. Lond. (CIRAOne.ooanGDO0009G05 Notes on Am. Shells, Trans. Albany Inst., vol. i. p. 134. IED Ts so acondo0[5a0 British Land and Fr. Water Shells, Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. i. and ii. TQS o 0566000000000 Syn. Moll. Brabantie. [Eee cere AAS OGOUOSOOS Obser. on Naiades and New Sp. Trans. Am, Phil. Soc., May 7. Also in ‘Obs.,”’ vol. i. IGG oeaacooonlglne Voy. de la Coquil. Zool., t. 2, p. 427. IMONUKE ctaterctercheiet teteterniore Synopsis Meth. Moll., p.106, 108, 149, 2d Edition. 1830. ING CHAN ciels arco Conch. Obs. on Lamarck’s Naiades, Am. Jour. Sci., vol. iii. p. 895. Sip acaccosonns. cooeat American Conchol., part i. 7 Nos., 1830 to 1834. OG anpeonaacobogoD In Disseminator. WOO soonmnnorgacouc British Organic Remains, p. 15. VATH Tp ocnce co sD ba0600 Die Verstein Wurtemberg, p. 80, pl. 70, 71. SA ere cicrererersiavever ciate eletere Cat. Shells near Neweastle- upon-Tyne. Trans. Nat. His. Soc., New Castle. Carus msec ree se Development of Mussels. In Nova Acta, May 14. (OMNIA Bac oascacnecnd The Animal Kingdom, Am, Edit., vol. ii. p. 406. DDVGNTTES 6 oon 08eooet0 Tableaux Comp. des espéces de Coq. de terr. OP Eenanoanne.a0 Art. Mulette, d’Encyc. Me- thod, t. 2, p. 573. Wo) ssnonoaeuded Dese. Coq. caractér. de Terr. p. 39. ay ates BODUD OC Tabl. Comp. dans Lyell, ‘¢ Principles of Geol.,’’ 1st Ed., p. 10, 12. JHPURTEOS on cogedcd0u5 Review of Jacobson, Phys. of Mull., Bull. des Sci. Nat. JidihonersnascadouIae Suppl. to Naiades. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., May 20. *’Obs.,”” vol. 1. TW RACH Be see ane obon Compl. 4 Hist. Nat. de Moll. de Draparnaud. Rafinesque.......+..-- Continuation of Monogr. of Shells of Ohio. dm) eoedupaccon Appendix to continuation of Monograph. Si pavoeacocsonegooss American Conchology, parts 2 and 8, 1830 to 1834, Sn OREO OE ORES New Species, &c., in Disse- minator. CT podneisbadoectoad In Transylvan. Jour. Med., Lexington, Ky., vol. iv., for Oct.—Dec., p. 526. Short & Haton........ In Transylvania Jour. Med. Feb. 18381, pages 74, 79, 76, &e. Turton. ....cereesene Manual of Brit. Fr. Water and Land Shells, p. 19, 20. ANONYMOUS, . 00s eee Criticism in Monthly Amer. Journ. of Geol. and Nat. Sci., vol. i. p. 370. Or Sposmned In Naturalist. Boston, vol. ii. UO sconeaood On Lea’s Naiades. Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. xii. p. 169. 1832. “ee THE UNIONID 4. TOUS Obes cjstaict orients! sia '=5 Cat. Coq. viv. du Dép. du Puy-de-Dome. Annales d’ Auvergne. COPUG Ros So cove scstea ss Neue Untersuch, &c. Hass- muschel. 4to. Leipzig. Cristifort & Jan. ..... Catalogus Collectionum. IDEAS HYEDS Sogaoaeaoooe Exp. Sci. de Morée, p. 109. CO evo mrecerts intone On Naiades. Encycl. Méth- odique, Paris. Des Moulins.......... Desc. d’un nouvelle espéce d’Unio. Actes Linn. Soc. de Bordeaux. GREG harae civic ei seieieieieie Notes of a Naturalist. Cabi- net of Nat. Hist. &c., vol. ii. p. 290. Investigator. ......... In Monthly Am. Journal of Geol., &c., vol. i. p. 5387- 549. JEG a DOOR CAE EOS Obs. on Naiades and des. of New Sp. Trans. Am. Phil. Soe. Mar.16.‘*Obs.”’ vol.i. IV CUM GIN Mn a as ictnctvevar eye Land-und Wasser Mollusken im Neuen Lausitzichern Mag., 1832-1833. OS cee Dace eens Tsis, p. 468. Rafinesque. .......... Monograph. Trans. by C. A. Poulson. Be acy Pearietya New Genera of Amer. Fluy. Biv. Shells. No. 4, p. 154. Atl. Jour., ISU SoopmooaensOOaus American Conchol., parts 4 and 5, 1830 to 1834. oo S06 AO eIQORIT RECO aGOne Edinb. Encyclopedia, Art. Mollusea. IPRS onqonod0gscon0 The Conchologist’s Text- Book. ED) GOREUS rere see se \-\ee + Const. Geog. de Liége, p. 273. Lites anconoaucDbOoue List of Land and Fr. Water Shells of Massachusetts in Report on Geol., Mineral., Botany, and Zool.of Mass. 1st Ed. LT PHDYEMES 9 000080098 System. Verzeich. Vienna, p. 118. Cine agadqeoanebaoe Lamarck’s Genera of Shells, with Catalogue of Species. Transl. from the French. Boston. (Cis, covonopacgebaoc Obs. on Moll. Anim’s. Phil. Trans., p. 771, 794, 795. LERTTAR camcacandan0 ce Cat. de Coq. terr. et fluy. de Valenciennes, p. 17. JEU bp de sosae CnConG The Cabinet of Nature and Philosophy. WIG D ster opoisressi etree sce Suppl. to Obs. on Naiades, Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., Mar. 15. Also in ‘‘Obs.”’ vol. i. 1833. as 1834. 163 DOB 5,5. «/i0s 6 svssor0y0)61s Geol. of East of England. SUE rer ooBoero EOC Tabl. Méthod. des Moll. terr. et fluy. Linn. Soc. Bor- deaux, t. 5, p. 6. SGA errata cacti oa Catalogue of Exotic Shells in my Cabinet. Valenciennes.......... Coq. fluy. bivalve, de Nouy. Continent, &c. Recueil d’Obs. de Zool. et d’ Anat. Comparée, &e., vol. ii. p. 226-236. Humboldt’s Voy. Woodward........+++. Geol. of Norfolk Clay, p. 40. BIODOMG wataraiatatorottay lets Pearly matterin Freshwater Mussels. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vii. p. 160. TBOUBLLOL Ase Rice eee Coq. foss. du Cale. d’eau douce du Cantal. Bull. Soc. Géol. de France, v. 6. COMPAS oc ei arenes ste Desc. New Fr. Wat. Shells. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xxv. p. 338. Ste Preis. sarociaers New Fr. Water Shells of the U. States, and Synoptical Table of the Species of N. Amer. Naiades. 16mo. pp. 76. ES, @ Sas Renee New Genus Fr. Wat. Shells. Jour. Academy Nat. Sci., Aug. p. 179. Se StS io ne ose Amer. Conchology (Say’s), part 7, Edited by Conrad. Coopers Wit... ssi. List of Shells, in School- craft’s Expedit. to Upper Miss., p. 154. Fischer de Waldheim...Bib. Paleeontol. Ani. Syst. Moscow. SHOTUTUGRS ater ntaate ter aieralarore Desc. des trois esp. nouy. des Coq., p. 1, pl. 3. CU OeibonboccooSenou On Nervous Syst. of Moll. Tr. Lin. Soc., v. 17, p. 485. (CUR Uiiow odors soSeGdac New Shells in his own Coll. In Proc. Zool,, vol. iv. p. 57. KOMUOM Uisisioroiers aletaie eis Sexual Characters of Union- ide. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xxvi. p. 117. HUOD Gere cette ote Verstein Brunderb., p. 209, 313, 327, 330, 331, 332. YOu mabodaooda00e Second Suppl. to Naiades. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., Feb. 7, Dec. 19. ‘‘Obs.,’’ vols. i., ii. CG paonosccobonodoor Obs. on the Genus Unio, &c., vol. i. Memoirs origi- nally published in Tr. Am. Phil. Soc., 1827 to 1834. Milne-Edwards....... Elém. de Zool., vol. iv. p- 303. 164 BIBLIOGRAPHY SN OUTEtrsastottcleenteteiat Précis de Hist. Nat. des Moll. terr. et fluy. (VRE lioadgouxcncooaace Isis, p. 458. LHTHYs so6500000590086 Mém. Aceph. d’eau douce du Senégal. N. Ann. Mus., p. 297. IBRAUAL 5 ode danno6t Catalogue of Recent Shells. IRM scosnopooeeoes Analysis of Shells. Amer. Journ. Sci., vol. xxvi. p. 361. Siimocnde covdasoands Synonymy, &c. Am. Con- chology, part 6. Strickland. .........-. Fr. Wat. and Land Shells of Henley on Thames. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol vii. p. 494. Warren aetincs sleistatal= The Conchologist. Boston. What ish Weoccscechon Lacustrine For. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. vii., p. 274. ANONYMOUS. .+ +. ++ 00s Review of Lea’s ‘‘ Observa- tions,’? &c. Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. xxvii. p. 371. Blatniville. ......+.05. Rapport sur un Mém. de Quatrefages. Ann. des Sci. Nat., vol. iv. p. 283. . Cat. of Massachusetts Shells. Hitchcock’s Geol. Report. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. . IBiADP0s asannobaaaneds Lethxa Geog., p. 361, 1835- 1837. OMiRithea cooboosoeons Monograph, Fam. Naiades N. America, 13 Nos. 1835 to 1848. Deshayes, dans La- INCU Cearesnyalchatesee tele teh An. 8. Vert. 2° Edit., t. 6. ID ORM aacveoooce Synop. Molluscorum Amer. Merid. Mag. de Zool. No. 61, p. 37. OF Ss ddaooanigo Voy. dans PAmér. Mérid., 1835 to 1843. JIT AM meceodeo spo bbc List of Land and Fr. Water Shells of Mass. In Report on Geol., Mineral., Bota- ny, and Zoology of Massa- chusetts. 2d Edition. Encyclo. Americana .. Art. Conch. TGF OECD, a dotasbnsh00 Obs. sur les Naiades. Mag. de Zool., Nos. 59, 60. (CUI ecccmotdodoueK Hist. des Moll. de la Garthe, p. 82. VGGUOTIUUNalei-leleeleyelelere Guide du Voy. & Arles. dlihip cavasooascca00a0s Catalogue of Recent Shells. 1st Edition. NA Linpecoenacanotowos Contin. of paper on Naiades. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., Jan. 2 and Sept. 18. “@Obs.,’? &c., vol. ii. TIQWHU0s sxcoopoag neat Remarks on Lea’s Obs. on Unio. Mag. Nat. Hist., vol, viii. p. 126. 1835. ce OF MOTLGI stares cere rctets Organic Remains. Am. Jr. Sci., vol. xxix. p. 149. OY ponder cana at acte Allg. Naturg., vol. i. p. 317. Quatrefages........... Sur la vie interbranchiale Anod. Ann. des Sci. Nat., t. 5, p. 321. Rossmassier........... Iconog. der land und suss- wasser Moll., 1 liv. p.114; 2° liv. p. 19. 3 vols. 8yo. Leipzig, 1835 to 1854, SUL occcocoreposcote Beskrivelser og Tagllagel- ser. Beyen. ISWALNEOT es = chiv., vol. i. p. 236. UO a preaaeoon os aaOUG Desc. of a New Sp. of Unio [spinosus]. 4to. sheet rsta ee rer erneeers toler Contin. of paper on Naiades. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., Feb. 5, July 15, Aug. 19, Nov. 4. ‘‘Obs.,’’ vol. ii. Wo Cosapondnegsoaves Synopsis of Family Naiades. 8vo. 1st Edition. MOTGCONO a «arco atl sesl Coq. terr. et fluy. de Bahia. Mém. Soc. Phy. de Gen- eye. MAU GT et areeta (esata share Synopsis Test. Viventium, p. 1938 et seq. 1837. PIU ee eke: ¥ ROMER is bint ca wisi ate Rossmassler........... ISCUCCRt oe on cise ete os Sow Ulivpocousepooue ga Wiegmann. . 2.6.0.0 Williamson. ......-- : ANONYMOUS. ....+++-- Charpentier. .......-. Dui GET: vaisieretsy eisiclisyse ics LETT Seno OeEneuoo JUN Difioe 200 BOOT Goldfuss. ......-.---- (CHGS eae Core VAR AM Eb izae weirs oe oy= ==> LGU o paodesGOOOk Koch § Dunker......- UGTA ( RaBAROOD RACES DEQUBROTtayatere reve ers.ctere' is TSE Ui Nek ON Dean. Enum. Moll. Sicilie, t. 1, p. 66. Oolith. Gebirg., p. 94; Sup. 213. Iconographie, 3° livre, p. 22. Cat. Conch. Reg. Neap., p. 4. Mollusca. In Richardson’s Fauna Boreali-Amer., vol. iii. p. 316. In Fitton’s Strata below the Chalk, p. 346, 358. Note on Kirtland [ut supra] in Wiegmann’s Arch., vol. i. p. 236. .On Limestones of Manches- ter. Lond. and Edin. Phi- los. Mag., p. 247. Economical Uses of Testa- cea. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. XXXli. p. 53, 235. Index Moll. Mus. Principi Christ. Fred. 4to. Cat. Moll. terr. et fluy. dans la Haute et Basse Au- vergne. Cat. des Moll. de la Suisse, p. 24. Syst. Conch. Cab. yon Mar- tini et Chemnitz. Cat. des Coq., p. 17. Moll. Animals. Art. Conch- ology. 7th Edit. Encyel. Brit. Petrif. Deutschlands, vol. ii. p. 180. Catalogue of Maine Shells, in 1st Geol. Report of the State of Maine, p. 119. Disease among Shell-Fish. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xxxii. De oN De Nervis Concharum. Be- rolini. Observations, &c. Am.Jour. Sci., vol. xxxi. p. 35. Beit. zur Kennt. Oolit., p. 18, 58. Conch. Terr. Fluy. et Mar. Bull. Imp. Soc. Moscow, 1832, 735, °37. Syst. Conch. Cab. von Mar- tini et Chemnitz. 1837- 1870. Unio antistrophodonta bei Nancy. N. Jahrb. On Naiades. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. July 21. ‘‘Obs.”’ vol. ii. 1837 a 1839. oe Mauduyt. ..... Michaud. 207s sis SP OPISCTis ora canner (Pscliee elawccsterewins oe SMOERW bs oncchdaoceen StOnOR weeisewsaienaas TP ORCI Elajsiiaisystsistesass ais IWenTieutlcarnwieieercits sels MANET n ateveccis oes eevee ANONYMOUS. ....2+0+. Bouchard-Chanter- COUT), 6 ais 106 Sorebiaicscts ‘Bronson c oe BU WINGED 2, -teicie a loiays oe SY COURS etelers jacieetolele(« JHE OD abodoe panence ROT DES, OEE Seyatere ioe eee oi UG RIER paGOUee HOOD e Maravigny. .....++++. Moricand. ...20....+: 165 Moll. terr. et fluy. du Dé- part. dela Vienne, France. U. truncatosa. Mag. de Zool., pl. 85. Jahrb., p. 424. Polens Palontologie, p. 55. On Sexuality in Mussels. Archiv fur Natur., vol. iii. p. 51. Trans. Geol. Soc., vol. v. p. 491. Translat. of Kiener’s ‘‘Spe- cies Generales.”’ Neue Sussw. Conch. Arch. fiir Nat., t. 4, p. 180, 182. Mém. Géol. sur la Crimée. Suppl. to Cat. of Testacea, &c. Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. of North’d and Durham, vol. ii. Notes on Land and Fr. Wat. Moll. of Gr. Britain. Jar- dine’s Mag. of Zool. and Botany. Review of Lea’s ‘‘Obserya- tions.’? Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. xxxy. p. 184. Cat. des Moll. terr. et fluy. du Pas du Calais, p. 89. Lethea Geognostica, 2d Ed. 2 vols. Cat. delle Conch. di Monfal- cone, p. 54. ; Moll. du Voyage Favorite. Mag. de Zool., pl. 118. Hist. of Brit. Animals. 8yo. Malacol. Monensis, p. 44. On the Zoology of Ohio. 1st Ann. Geol. Rep’t of Ohio, 1 ie): On Naiades. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., Jan. 5 and 19, vol. vi. p. 108, 108. Obs. on the Genus Unio, &c., vol. ii. Synopsis, Family Naiades. 2d Ed. 4to. Alsoin Trans. vol. vi. p. 118. Torpidity of Anodonta Chai- ziana. Pro. Am. Ph. Soc., vol. i. p. 8. Mém. pour l’Hist. Nat. de la Sicilie, p. 73. Coq. terr. et fluy. de Bahia. Soc. Hist. Nat. Geneva, Mar. 23. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF POUT O 8s. tra tore ee svatrle Yel Moll. terr. et fluy. Prov. Co- masco. Milan. p. 114. Potiez et Michaud..... Galerie des Moll. &c. Paris. Rossmassier........... Iconogr., 7 et 8 liv., p. 25 et 41. SHA anand ob eaaones Obsery. sur un Organ enig- matique. Arch. de Miller (Jan.) Ann. Sci. Nat., t. 10, p. 319. Sulltpant.......0.0-s Catalogue of Shells and Min- erals, &c. Columbus, O. TOBE OUratntcrtetarteterverer- Bericht iiber Moll. Archiv fiir Naturg., vol. ii. p. 265. We itseconnenenocooud Manual of Conchology. N. York. 8yvo. pp. 191. Adana GaeB ore erie Shells of Fresh Pond. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xxxvi. p. 392. PNGTEV 06 5 oo 0g000006 Sur les Moules de Moll. Neu- chatel Mém. ii. OOS SoD Se cae Sur les Moules du Musée de Neufchatel. Moscou. Bull. Soc. Nat. LDN soa sao enaeonor Vers der Conch., p. 14. Arada et Maggiore....Cat. Conch. Sicilie. init, IE, sbéseaosode Conchology of Gr. Britain and Ireland. LDR in opb008 70205050 Catalogue of the Animals of the State of New York. Assembly Doc. Deseo win sitaete or elele = Considérations Générales. Soc. Lin. de Bordeaux, WOled pr. Ub essen On Lea’s Naiades (vol. ii.) Soc. Linn. de Bordeaux, ite lal IN(oy ale UM cocsascossacorges Catalogue of Recent Shells, 3d Edition, p. 118. ORO ae Actra tetenteseilels Catalogue of British Moll. Bristol. LCT CHIN saacocosodDe Animaux sans Vertébres, par Deshayes et Milne-Ed- wards, vol. ii. p. 667-679. IMR TUBTOT Naxcteint otek sitet Beit. zur Petrifacten, p. 108. INE Rao aoaosoRpoDoss Verst. Oolit. Geb. Supp., p. 55. Rossmassler.........-- Tconogr., 9 et 10° liv. p. 10. IRIE boaoaa6 onan cade Familiar Notice of the Shells of Essex Co. Jour. Essex Co. Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. i, p. 47. SUNT oogcnonaonaaoD8 Catalogue of Animals of Michigan. Sowerby, G. B., Jr....Concholog’] Manual, p. 111. Ihe conoaccso0Nde Desc. of New Shells. Amer. Jour. Sci., vol. xxxv. p. 268. 1839. Der vehi. isiaelee estas s/s Cat. des Moll. terr. et fluy. de l’Algierie, p. 39. OO Ra serace Biofavelo tare ce Penny Cyclop., Art. Mala- cology. STU OSC Glee teesbetetetet teks Mollusca. Archiv fiir Na- turg., vol. ii. p. 201. Bonhomme. ....-...-» Not. Bivalve. Reelez. In Grateloup’s Moll. de la France. BUDE TULET: peta) tetato lear Cat. des Moll. de la Meuse, p. 10. DY To 5 0.00000228097 Catalogue of Animals, State of New York. Geol. Rep. and Assembly Docum’ts. ER CHADGUGs ererea sists «1 a Die Thier und Pflanzen- Reste. Bull. Acad. Pet. CO ae ica Shae Urwelt Russland. Peters- burg Bull., 1840-1842, and Jahrb., 1843. Cited sadbcoG5 ba8006 Desc. des Moll. terr. et fluy. de la France. Grays Aeasencee cesar Animal of Hyria. Ann. Nat. Hist., No. 37, p. 316. WT BeradtaappancovouT Syn. Brit. Mus. Ce Ms aeons sisters tele icyerons On Byssus of Unio. Ann. Nat. Hist., p. 77. COS Ba stars aisle tiavalcrerarats Turton’s Manual, 2d Edit., p. 295. Gata mere Terr. Juras. de la Meurthe, p. 59. JEG UD se048000005 0000 Conch. Book of Species, 1st Edition. LO RIOR seaaanoepods Sexual Differences and Ha- bits of Naiades. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xxxix. p. 164. WO Gioia ne Sais elective is wists Fr. Water and Land Shells. In Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., Oct. 2. Pro. Acad. Nat. Sci., p. 282 & 285. ‘* Obs.” vol. iii. SEHUEOU ob Sonocu0 GOOd Hist. des Moll. dela Somme, p. 314. He beisfaasudeluslnelores Mém. sur les déviations dans le Genre Unio. Soc. Linn. du Nord de la France, t. 1, p. 339. IAN wondemo ohn Goneet Conchologist’s First Book. Philadelphia. 12mo. pp. 166. SRO MAT etme erie Die Verstierungen, &c. 1840-1841. Say, Mrs.........-..- Republication of Mr. Say’s Descriptions of Fr. Water and Land Shells, 1829, 1830, 1831. Schmit dtannre iv went. On Uniones. Bull. dela Soc. Imp., Moscow. 1840. THE UNIONID A. SWAIN8ON.. 2. eee eens Treatise on Malacology, p. 264, 377, f. 1238, p. 378, 379, 380, f. 124. Taylor § Shiverick....Catalogue of Shells of Bris- tol Co., Massachusetts. ELU-OSCM BU aisbelotaletiale)=1e1< «1s Bericht tiber Naturg., vol. ii. p. 198. Turton. [See Gray.) PANE OLB oases Cat. of Shells of Middlebury, Vermont. Am. Jour. Sci., yol. xl. p. 266. CONTA Ayia asinnis Desc. of a New Genus of Fr. Water Shells. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. viii. 1st Ser. p. 178. UN © abc bnconoapseL Desc. Three N. Spec. Unio. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. i, p: 19: SID ELERRET User evet cist s\stakels/s1« Recueil de Coq. par Lamarck et non fig. pl. 12, 13, 19. TOR AQ AG Beppe BAB Ape ae Fauna Caspio-Cauc., p. 264. Ciriri oat aaudecgooo0 On the Lamell. Conchifera. Tr. Zool. Soc., vol. ii. p. 87. (GUI pea e epee Open DOG Invertebrata of Massachu- setts, p. 106-120. ON eSeroravcheys/atereye Ouro Shells of Massachusetts, and Geog. Distribution. Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. iii. p. 483. Git, ooo oeooO0ODDE Einige neue Land- und Siiss- was.-Conch. Weigmann’s Archiy, p. 276. THGIGCMOAMN- |. 50.0 200) Desc. of Five New Species American Fr. Wat. Shells. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. vili., Ist ser., p. 201. COY ) eee saat Remarks on Uniones, &e. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. i. p. 104, Lore oGtkO OD ACCU AGE Desc. of Fr. Water and Land Shells. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., Jan. 15, Feb. 19, June 18. Also in Pro., p. 30,74, 81, 224, and ‘* Obs.”’ vol. iii. On Scugsocotecieceren On Gestation of Naiades. Pro. Acad. Nat. Sci. p. 34. WAL s seca oodeo Translation of Des Moulins’ “*Gen’l Considerations.”’ Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xli. p. 104. Ray et Drouet........ Moll. de la Campagne. TRREBUO alas eo) ays) vereasaie/ ars Conch. Syst., vol. i. p. 116, 119, 121. BU fet tte a orstetes fae, + Proc. Zool. Soc., p. 75. Swainson........--++» Exotic Conchology, 2d Edit. p. 28, 29. 1841. “ce 167 LOMA SO tate oe ereheatel l= Catalogue of Land and Fr. Wat. Mollusea of Ireland. Ann. Nat. Hist., p. 196. LTO SC sabe reteteten tenet el Bericht itber der Naturg., vol. ii. p. 259. Wallan aacctcrtescs ti Benacensis Conch. EO Galstote eateestavotstsicteists Dispositio Syst. Conch. terr. et fluv. &., p. 40 ef seq. PhD OL Jeseoccnoce Shells of Vermont, in His- tory of Vermont (Thomp- son’s). Also in Pamphlet, pp. 20. ANnonyMOUs, ....+++-. Preparation of Shells for the Cabinet. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xlii. p. 391. JNM oo ont aogoec List of Land and Fr. Water Shells near Cincinnati, O. 1st Edition. (BONGO TE amt deyaicie os Moll. of Chusan. Ann. Nat. Hist., vol. ix. p. 489. BROW. ois siscoleietehars cies Deutschl. Naturfy. COMM OT ari sora sews 0 tee List of Shells from Chusan. Proc. Zool. Soc., p. 124. (Ointnitthnscocecoodnaae Desc. Three N. Spec. Unio, Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. viii., 1st Ser., p. 178. IDV OAs oon oocneer Palzxontologie de l’Amér. Mérid., p. 127. DHRLETUUIUG Datel etaneter terval or Brit. Animals, 2d Edit., p. 416, 417. Chik cacpeonaconcede Syn. Brit. Mus., p. 91. Gray, Mrs. M. #....-. Figures of Moll. Anim., 5 vols. Lond., 1842 to 1857. Guialients. reece cere: Index Test. Conch., &c. Haldemant.n ..~ > «21% Notes on Nomenclature. Pr. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. i. p. 176. SLUG Y eiet~ at=leteiei==i='-1 = Conch. Book of Species, 2d Edition. Uo" Pieopocontioccs Tilustrated and Descriptive Catal., forming an Appen- dix to Wood’s Index Tes- taceologicus, 1842 to 1856, p. 174 et seq. IGA Re rya CO OL OID IDO Noteson Nomenclature. Pr. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. i. p. 215. CUp Ben cintrcinn coninte Observations on the Genus Unio, &c., vol. iii. Me- moirs originally published in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., 1888 to 1842. Gor ea ooadacepoosbadc Dese. Fr. Water and Land Shells. Trans. Am. Phil. Society, Oct. 21, Dec. 16. Also in ‘* Obs.,’’ vol. iv. Matheron........«.++- Cat. des Fossiles du Dept. des Bouches du Rhone. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF LSD Ba 80,5005 008 6 Die Gener. Organ. Anod. & Unio. Neue Denkschr. Allgem. Schweiz. Rev. Zool., p. 88. Isis, 1841, p. 218. PUP Pte crerne ee eee) Abbild. und Besch. Conch. Cassel, 1842 to 1850. JEAN om eo AoOaOen Cat. of the Mar. Fluy. and Land Shells of Massachu- setts. WRGBUAU2: wats = .(aveteePeratene Desc. de deux Coq. nouy. Rey. Zool., t. 5, p. 305. POCO et cee eee see Conch. Systematica. 2 vols. Ato. Rossmassler........... Iconograph. 11° liv. p. 13. SULT aoe haeneoccad Cat. des Coq. de Madagas., &e., p. 8. Sowerby, G. B., Jr....Conchological Manual, 2d Edit., pp. 12, 100, 164, 200. Stutchbury. .......... A New Gen. of Fossil Shells. Ann. Nat. Hist., vol. viii. p. 481. LEM OBCHEU ea sara ssolsteieteusi, Bericht tiber der Naturg., vol. ii. p. 372. Wiheailea ia a2 te veieiene Catalogue of Shells of the U. §., with localities. 1st Ed. pp. 29. 12mo. INP OOO AGbo800 55000 List of Shells near Cincin- nati. 2d and 3d Editions. EB TOW Were steer eet Te Elem. of Foss, Conch., p. 91. DER GH eocorepetstactere steteteiet Zool. of New York, in N. Y. State Reports, Part V., Mollusca. Deshianyes: ones. ene Traité Elém. de Conchyl., 1843 to ’50, p. 216 et seq. DOnGtG Yee nits Consid. sur la Normale com- parative des Moll. biy. DTI bs soc boo 20806 Essai sur les Moll. du Gers. viv. et foss., p. 77, 102. CG Sa aopeBODanaooG Number and Distribution of Testacea of Massachusetts. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. vol. i. p. 6, 89, 117. CO Ric oSacoskape sec Desc. of Shells from Tavoy, Brit. Burmah. Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist., Sep. 6, vol. iv: p. 452, and in Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. i. p. 139, 160. Klipstein. ....2.+.+... Zur Geologischen Kenntniss &e. Jahrb., p. 831. YET TERRES St tee Desc. Fr. Water and Land Shells. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., Aug. 18. Also in *©Obs.,”’ vol. iv. Oe aN erry 3) Seon Uaporevalsts New Fresh Water and Land Shells. Pro. Am. Phil. Soc., vol. iv. p. 8, 158, 162. 1843. Macgillivray.......... Mollusks of Aberdeen, p. 207, 240. MGthonon 1 1ier etal Catalogue, p. 168. Cat. Meth. et Descript. Meg Kee acs stasacahctave sce tiene Moll. Noy. Holl. Spec., p.38. WT OAon apaecoeden oe Hist. des Moll. des Pyr. oce. p. 86. TUX OCEP ene one Cano Ae Cat. of the Shells of Maine. Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist., vol. iv. p. 324. Also in Pam- phlet, p. 18. DCM 6b: cio.c.< ojsote 1s) simreteress Desc. des quelques Nouy. Esp. de Moll. de France. Mag. de Zool. Moquin-Tandon. ..... Moll. terr. et fluy. de Tou- louse. In Acts of Acad. of Toulouse. Oi eee Oe GOOCH Cat. of Brit. Foss., p. 105. TERA oc Gone 7a00000C Cat. of the Shells of the Ohio Valley. Proc. National Institute, p. 297. Wash- ington, D. C. IBN, os poconnoonsod Castalia Duprei. Mag. de Zool., pl. 77, ‘78. STRBCDE acy eee en es Conchol. Iconica, or Shells of Moll. Animals. 4to. 1843 to 1869. IOWLOKED AAO OOOO NOOR OS Lettre sur quelques Moll. terr. et fluy., p. 5-7. CHOW. cya icicists/4\sietoreccte Schlesiens Land- und Was- ser Mollusken. Breslau. Shuttleworth. ........- Mittheil Naturf. Gesellsch. Bern. 1843 to 1852. BO OW aiearatanstos Mollusken yon Corsica. Thompson............ Report to the Br. Assoc. on the Fauna of Ireland. HUTA Ahesoodscas Gone Bericht tiber der Naturg., vol. ii. p. 115. Blanchard)... 22.0. Obser. Syst. Nery. des Moll. Ann. des Sci. Nat., t. 3, p. 821. IBRD Me coonc0n80se Illustrated Conchology of Gr. Brit. 4to. London. DG TROTINCHNs ere -\e¥ereier Foss. de Carb. de Belg. 2 vols. 4to. DDPORWULYE anoceodoos Paléon. Francaise Terr. Crét., t. 3, p. 124. Des Moulins.......... Cat. Moll. de la Dordogne. Gowulisicnt-easceecie Genus Pseudodon. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. eps Li: QHUFUM sr oiereisis.cis cise English Edition of Cuvier’s Régn. Anim. FLOIAG MON. 2 ese +» In Iconogr. Encyel. of Sci., translated by Prof. 8. F. Baird, vol. ii. p. 49. Ce ie sraereonieretes In Rupp’s Hist. of Lancaster Co., p. 479. 1844. THe UN FONT Dean: FLQUAOMAMN: <5 6 ci. 2 Moll. common to Europe and ; America. Jour. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. iv. p. 468. LOCKS Olunete sever rele assis List of Shells found at Lake Superior. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. i. p. 198. JANES oda0besdsoocDDoT Cat. Moll. terr. et fluy. dans le Dept. de la Moselle. Meém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Macgillivray........+- Moll. Animals of Scotland. LUO RIS DD BED SODOe Fossil Unionide. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xlvii. p. 402. ITABUNDY: warn) iateserei =e) 21< Desc. test. novorum. Zeits. fiir Malak. Potier et Michaud..... Gal. des Moll., t. 2, p. 146, 148, 158. TRIO se SoaD OS OOOOHS List of Shells of Tennessee, in 7th Geol. Rep. of Ten- nessee, p. 40. SPORT Blice eitaiertaeiei-is are Ueber die Familie der Naja- den. Arch. fiir Nat. p. 257. Vaiooaco ome sabdoode Catal. dei Moll. della Lom- bardia. IDE padooororee Conchology of Gr. Brit. and Ireland. 8yo. (CTGDS oon poe naenoadd Conch. Nomenclator, p. 55, 69. (CUO od aeaeeovOeor Bibliotheque Conch., 1% se- ries, vol. iii. p. 10, 12, 18, 22, 24, 31, 32, 45, 46, 52, 53, &e. Companyo & Massot...Desc. d’un Nouy. Esp. de Mulette. In Soc. Agr. et lett. Pyr.-Or., vol. ii. p. 234. Des Moulins.......... Cat. de la Gironde. Linn. Soc. Bordeaux, t. 2, p. 39. LD ORIEN 5086 So500 Moll. viy. et foss. 10 vols. 8vo. DP) WOETIOY tala 1 stel=!-!-10 Sur le Syst. Nery. des Moll. Comp. Rend., No. 8, 22, 28. (Cini hoosociaeGooOneDe Dese. Two New Unios of Florida. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. ii. p. 53. Thi) 9 clo ponndone auc Anodonta qui résisté a la congélation. Ann. desSci. Nat., 3d ser. vol. iii. p. 373. SRCYSOTIUNMG scm << cs cn's ss Verneuil & Murchison, vol. ii. p. 307. JEG a8 ec coke TIA Desc. of Fr. Wat. and Land Shells. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., May 2, and ‘‘Obs.,”’ vol. iy. SS 5 AOMORI eee Obsery. on the Genus Unio, &c., vol. iv. Memoirs ori- ginally published in Tran. Am. Phil. Soc., 1841-’45. 1845. 169 LANEY sao wis crieseretsre ss3 Catal. of Shells of Connecti- eut. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xlviii. p. 277. Mon aletcn asst tetera retsi-16 Desc. des Moll. terr. et fluy. du Portugal, p. 100. MESTOUL PD eaataletetelaletaret Yak Bemerkungen iiber die Moll. Fauna von Massachusetts. Zeits. fiir Malakoz. PUGMIM ENS. sce = Cat. of Shells of Wayne Co., Indiana. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. xlviii. p. 93. Urs hens Gerekeit od een Cat. of Shells of Massachu- setts. Lynn, 1845. ISCIEO LUZ fereievale ters etsretetees Schlesiens Land- und Was- ser Moll. Zeits. fiir Malak. p. 156. UOT “odacgagDooGEOn Nueste Beobachtungen in Geb. der Moll. Schlesiens. Zeits. fiir Malakoz. TUR Dhoos otc 2a50n808 Ueber die Familie der Naja- den. Arch. fiir Nat. p. 247. Wheatley icine cee cis Catal. of Shells of the U.S. 2d Edition. 18mo. p. 7. algihinoo son ggsooeede Nomenclator Zoologicus. 4to. Soloduri. IBRONMS « sccine oeseeas s Lethea Geog., 3d Edit. BWDP coca anoooone Fresh Water Shells of Rock- bridge Co., Va. Am. Jour. Sci., vol. i. p. 405. IDTWO AGS Ae SoRooO AD COe Diagnoses Moll. noy. Zeits. fiir Malakoz. Geinilz eres screens Grundriss der Verst., p. 440. Goulds seer Desc. of Shells from Tavoy, in British Burmah. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. li. p. 218. LO Re Dan Sua nT Opee oe Desc. of Shells in Wilkes’ U.S. Expl. Exped. (in 4 vols. folio), and in Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1846 to 1850. GROBULB jensses eesane Cat. Moll. en Espana. Ma- drid. GraseAl bites. cielo - Desc. des Moll. fluy. et terr. de la France. Pamphlet. Haldeman........---: Western Uniones in the Sus- quehanna, and Desc. of U.abacoides. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. iii. p. 15 and 75. CCM NareassteteN ere ons U. abacoides in Am. Jour. Sci. Ann. Nat. Hist., vol. xviii. p. 430. PEVOUTIGN erctetaletal Neloter steis)= Illust. Catalogue, vol. ii. p. 178, 225. Hermannsen.........- Indicis Generum Malacoz- oorum primordia. 1847. Bib Bui O'G3R AUP Hey sOnn DW swan ope cono lode Cat. de la Moselle. Supple- ment Mém. Soc. d Hist. Nat. AWD: soasacsnbhaaceee Lessons on Shells. SUMO sa 5050500006 Catal. of Fluviatile Shells, &ce. In Naturalist and Jr. of Agriculture, Louisville, Ky., vol. i. No. 8, p. 105. STP OSCILClaneratereenNererl: Ueber die Familie der Naja- den. Arch. fiir Nat. p. 412. ACGIN8, CL B. cin ele oe Catalogue Genera and Spe- cies of Recent Shells. Col- lection of C. B. Adams. INGE bo ceo Cab 00500 Introduction to the Study of Nat. Hist. 8vo. N. York. DUD Ua opener clever Hist. Nat. des Moll. de la France. 4to. 736pp. 1847 to 1852. GoW menace teisace Desc. New Unio from Tavoy in Brit. Burmah. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. ii. p. 220. GOA aercteitectoecrerrore List of Genera of Recent Moll. Proc. Zool. Soe., p. 129. AGHA so ooas00065 60 Geol. of Isle of Wight. IMG OT: OTeeareteleyere cielo) yh : + . yy r ri ye = 1 "q / 7 i = e- ve ——